gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A reconfigurable &#x0394;&#x03A3; modulator with up to 100 MHz bandwidth using flash reference shuffling (2013)

A reconfigurable 65nm continuous-time low-pass ΔΣ modulator operates with a sampling frequency from 491 MHz to 1536 MHz, a signal bandwidth from 10MHz to 100 MHz, and a dynamic range of 75.4dB to 62.8 dB, respectively. Reference shuffling in the flash ADC is used to improve the linearity of the flash and DAC, while also increasing the highest sampling rate and bandwidth of the modulator.
Neuronal KGB-1 JNK MAPK signaling regulates the dauer developmental decision in response to environmental stress in Caenorhabditis elegans (2021)

In response to stressful growth conditions of high population density, food scarcity, and elevated temperature, young larvae of nematode Caenorhabditis elegans can enter a developmentally arrested stage called dauer that is characterized by dramatic anatomic and metabolic remodeling. Genetic analysis of dauer formation of C. elegans has served as an experimental paradigm for the identification and characterization of conserved neuroendocrine signaling pathways. Here, we report the identification and characterization of a conserved c-Jun N-terminal Kinase-like mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway that is required for dauer formation in response to environmental stressors. We observed that loss-of-function mutations in the MLK-1-MEK-1-KGB-1 MAPK pathway suppress dauer entry. A loss-of-function mutation in the VHP-1 MAPK phosphatase, a negative regulator of KGB-1 signaling, results in constitutive dauer formation, which is dependent on the presence of dauer pheromone but independent of diminished food levels or elevated temperatures. Our data suggest that the KGB-1 pathway acts in the sensory neurons, in parallel to established insulin and TGF-β signaling pathways, to transduce the dauer-inducing environmental cues of diminished food levels and elevated temperature.
Protein kinase C‐delta inhibition is organ‐protective, enhances pathogen clearance, and improves survival in sepsis (2019)

Sepsis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in intensive care units. Previously, we identified Protein Kinase C-delta (PKCδ) as an important regulator of the inflammatory response in sepsis. An important issue in development of anti-inflammatory therapeutics is the risk of immunosuppression and inability to effectively clear pathogens. In this study, we investigated whether PKCδ inhibition prevented organ dysfunction and improved survival without compromising pathogen clearance. Sprague Dawley rats underwent sham surgery or cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) to induce sepsis. Post-surgery, PBS or a PKCδ inhibitor (200µg/kg) was administered intra-tracheally (IT). At 24 hours post-CLP, there was evidence of lung and kidney dysfunction. PKCδ inhibition decreased leukocyte influx in these organs, decreased endothelial permeability, improved gas exchange, and reduced blood urea nitrogen/creatinine ratios indicating organ protection. PKCδ inhibition significantly decreased bacterial levels in the peritoneal cavity, spleen and blood but did not exhibit direct bactericidal properties. Peritoneal chemokine levels, neutrophil numbers, or macrophage phenotypes were not altered by PKCδ inhibition. Peritoneal macrophages isolated from PKCδ inhibitor-treated septic rats demonstrated increased bacterial phagocytosis. Importantly, PKCδ inhibition increased survival. Thus, PKCδ inhibition improved survival and improved survival was associated with increased phagocytic activity, enhanced pathogen clearance, and decreased organ injury.
Yapı yönetmeliklerinin sayısal temsili: Yeni bir model (2015)

Bu çalışmada, yapı projelerinin ilgili yönetmeliklere göre uygunluklarının denetlenmesi sürecinin otomasyonuna yönelik sayısal yönetmelik temsillerinin oluşturulması için geliştirilen yeni bir temsil modeli anlatılmaktadır. Geliştirilen temsil modeli, düz yazı biçimindeki yönetmeliklerin kurgusal yapısının tanımlanmasına dair teorik çalışmaların sonucu ortaya çıkan ve literatürde dört katmanlı modelleme paradigması olarak bilinen yaklaşıma dayanmaktadır. Bilgi modelleme yöntemi olarak ise son zamanlarda ortaya çıkan semantik modelleme yaklaşımı kullanılmaktadır. Geliştirilen model ile yönetmelikleri oluşturan terimlerin, kural cümlelerinin, kurallar arası ilişkilerin ve genel yapının ayrı katmanlarda modellenmesi sağlanarak yönetmelik temsili için sistematik bir yöntem ortaya konmaktadır. Geliştirilen modelin yapı tasarımı alanında uygulanabilirliği, İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi İmar Yönetmeliği örnekleminde gösterilmiştir
A prospective study on the evolution of the T-cell repertoire in patients with Sezary syndrome treated by extracorporeal photopheresis (2002)

Sézary syndrome is a leukemic form of epidermotropic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma related to the malignant proliferation of clonal CD4(+) T cells. Extracorporeal photochemotherapy may induce a transient improvement of the clinical signs, but its efficiency is discussed. To investigate the frequency of the T-cell clone in the peripheral blood of patients with Sézary syndrome and to monitor its evolution in patients treated using extracorporeal photopheresis or chemotherapy, we used the immunoscope technique. In one patient, we observed a decrease of the relative frequency of the clone from 15.6% to 0%, paralleling a complete remission of the clinical disease and a disappearance of the circulating Sézary cells. In the other cases, the evolution of the relative frequency paralleled the initial improvement of the clinical status and the absence of long-term efficiency in patients treated with extracorporeal photopheresis or chemotherapy. We observed a quick-acting direct cytotoxicity of the association 8MOP + UVA on the T-cell clone. The immunoscope technique appears to be an efficient tool to appreciate the amount of tumoral cells and to monitor the evolution of the clonal component in the Sézary syndrome.
Effect of Preparation Conditions on the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO over Cu-Na-ZSM-5 Catalysts (2005)

The Cu_Na_ZSM_5 was prepared by impregnation method. The effects of Cu 2+ loading weight, N(Si/Al) ratio and calcining temperature on catalytic activity of NO reduction with propene(C 3H 6) as reductant in the presence of excess oxygen were investigated,and Cu_Na_ZSM_5(N(Si/Al)) was compared with Cu_SAPO_11, Cu_SAPO_34 and Cu_Al 2O 3 on catalytic activity. The result indicated that Cu_Na_ZSM_5 with N(Si/Al) ratio 25 by 3% Cu 2+ loaded, and 500℃calcined, was higher catalytic activity, and NO conversion was 94.13% at 350℃.
Tungsten coatings by chemical solution deposition for ceramic electrodes in fluorescent tubes (2008)

In the lighting industry, the concept of ceramic cold cathodes provided with an inside tungsten coating is under consideration to be applied in mercury-free fluorescent lamps for advertising purposes. In this regard, the applicability of chemical solution deposition to fabricate metallic films on the inner surface of alumina tubules was established. The technique involves the preparation of tungsten oxide layers from a peroxotungstic acid precursor solution and their subsequent reduction to tungsten in the presence of hydrogen. Diverse characterisation of the precursor and the intermediates was carried out in order to determine the influence of their properties on the quality of the final coatings. By acquiring the optimum process parameters, highly-conducting tungsten films were obtained. The temperatures allowing for conversion of the oxide to the metal as well as for sintering of the derived tungsten films were observed to be substantially lower than in bulk processes. Electrode prototypes of the described type were accordingly realised and operated successfully in a fluorescent tube test setup, thus proving the feasibility of the hitherto theoretical idea.
Transcriptome analysis for the development of cell-type specific labeling to study olfactory circuits (2020)

Abstract In each sensory system of the brain, mechanisms exist to extract distinct features from stimuli to generate a variety of behavioural repertoires. These often correspond to different cell types at some stage in sensory processing. In the mammalian olfactory system, complex information processing starts in the olfactory bulb, whose output is conveyed by mitral and tufted cells (MCs and TCs). Despite many differences between them, and despite the crucial position they occupy in the information hierarchy, little is known how these two types of projection neurons differ at the mRNA level. Here, we sought to identify genes that are differentially expressed between MCs and TCs, with an ultimate goal to generate a cell-type specific Cre-driver line, starting from a transcriptome analysis using a large and publicly available single-cell RNA-seq dataset (Zeisel et al., 2018). Despite many genes showing differential expressions, we identified only a few that were abundantly and consistently expressed only in MCs. After further validating these putative markers using in-situ hybridization, two genes, namely Pkib and Lbdh2 , remained as promising candidates. Using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing, we generated Cre-driver lines and analysed the resulting recombination patterns. This analysis indicated that our new inducible Cre-driver line, Lbhd2-CreERT2 , can be used to genetically label MCs in a tamoxifen dose-dependent manner, as assessed by soma locations, projection patterns and sensory-evoked responses. Hence this line is a promising tool for future investigations of cell-type specific contributions to olfactory processing and demonstrates the power of publicly accessible data in accelerating science.
Aggregation of phospholipid vesicles by a chimeric protein with the N-terminus of annexin I and the core of annexin V (1993)

A chimeric protein was produced with the N-terminal domain (amino acids 1-45) of annexin I and the core of annexin V (amino acids 19-320). This protein, annexin IN-VC, has a similar Ca2+ requirement for binding to phospholipid bilayers of 20% phosphatidylserine (PS)/80% phosphatidylcholine (PC) as annexin V. In contrast to annexin V, this protein has a strong potency to aggregate phospholipid vesicles as is shown by turbidimetric measurements and cryo-electron microscopy. Ellipsometry was employed to study quantitatively the phenomenon of phospholipid vesicle adhesion to annexin IN-VC bound to a planar phospholipid bilayer. The amount of phospholipid vesicles bound by annexin IN-VC on the planar bilayer is proportional to its surface coverage and can be inhibited by coadsorption of annexin V on the planar bilayer or by shielding the phospholipid surface of the vesicles with blood coagulation factor Va. Annexin IN-VC, like annexin V, does not bind to pure PC bilayers, but its adsorption on anionic phospholipid bilayers brings about the capacity to bind pure PC vesicles. This suggests that annexin IN-VC generates or exposes after binding to anionic phospholipids another phospholipid binding site, that differs from the annexin V phospholipid binding site. Collectively, the data suggest that two-dimensional cluster formation of annexin IN-VC on a bilayer with anionic phospholipids is involved in vesicle adherence.
Replacing Metals with Oxides in Metal-Assisted Chemical Etching Enables Direct Fabrication of Silicon Nanowires by Solution Processing (2021)

Metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) has emerged as an effective method to fabricate high aspect ratio nanostructures. This method requires a catalytic mask that is generally composed of a metal. Here, we challenge the general view that the catalyst needs to be a metal by introducing oxide-assisted chemical etching (OACE). We perform etching with metal oxides such as RuO<sub>2</sub> and IrO<sub>2</sub> by transposing materials used in electrocatalysis to nanofabrication. These oxides can be solution-processed as polymers exhibiting similar capabilities of metals for MACE. Nanopatterned oxides can be obtained by direct nanoimprint lithography or block-copolymer lithography from chemical solution on a large scale. High aspect ratio silicon nanostructures were obtained at the sub-20 nm scale exclusively by cost-effective solution processing by halving the number of fabrication steps compared to MACE. In general, OACE is expected to stimulate new fundamental research on chemical etching assisted by other materials, providing new possibilities for device fabrication.
Advances in modeling semiconductor epitaxy: Contributions of growth orientation and surface reconstruction to InN metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (2016)

Abstract We propose a newly improved thermodynamic analysis method that incorporates surface energies. The new theoretical approach enables us to investigate the effects of the growth orientation and surface reconstruction. The obtained knowledge would be indispensable for examining the preferred growth conditions in terms of the contribution of the surface state. We applied the theoretical approach to study the growth processes of InN(0001) and by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. Calculation results reproduced the difference in optimum growth temperature. That is, we successfully developed a new theoretical approach that can predict growth processes on various growth surfaces.
Mimicry between DNA, Carbohydrates, and Peptides: Implications in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (2014)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder that is complex in clinical manifestation and, most likely, in etiology. This chapter focuses on molecular mimicry of host structures by microbial pathogens, one of the possible mechanisms that contributes to autoreactivity in lupus. Studies of serum from patients with bacterial infections led to the realization that nonautoimmune hosts, during the time of infection, make antibodies with specificities similar to those of autoantibodies in sera from patients with SLE. Reciprocal inhibition assays with dsDNA and pneumococcal polysaccharide performed with three of the cross-reactive antibodies demonstrated that dsDNA and polysaccharide bind at the same or a proximal site on these antibodies. DNA-protein binding usually requires a more polar interface and a far greater number of hydrogen bonds, both direct and water mediated, than protein-protein interactions. The anti-DNA specificity is generated both by activation of cross-reactive antibodies and by the process of somatic mutation but is most likely downregulated by the normal host. The cross-reactivity may be germ line gene encoded or may be generated by somatic mutation of the antibody. Nonautoimmune hosts can generate B cells with potentially pathogenic autospecificities, and the antigenic relatedness of DNA to carbohydrate antigens is sufficient to activate cross-reactive B cells. In humans, it remains to be determined if this cross-reactivity is potentially pathogenic; in mice, it clearly is. Immunization with a peptide mimotope of DNA can also induce lupus-like autoreactivity in mice.
First Report of the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne ardenensis on Lady's Mantle in Norway (2001)

In August 2000, several small galls were observed on roots of lady's mantle (Alchemilla acutiloba Opiz) from an old grassland near Kristiansund in northern Norway. These plants, without clear above-ground symptoms, were infected with an unknown root-knot nematode. Soil and plant samples were collected in July 2001 at the previous year's location and sent for identification to the Plant Protection Service in Wageningen, the Netherlands. The smooth elongated galls included several males, swollen adult females with protruding small egg masses and hatching second-stage juveniles. Males and second-stage juveniles also were isolated from adhering soil. The root-knot nematode was identified as Meloidogyne ardenensis Santos (1). Identification was based on female, male, and second-stage juvenile morphology and female isozyme electrophoresis with malate dehydrogenase and esterase. M. ardenensis parasitizes several dicotyledonous hosts, primarily herbaceous and woody plants, and is distributed throughout Europe, with Scotland the most northern area (2). To our knowledge, this is not only the first published report of M. ardenensis in Scandinavia, but also the first report of this species on lady's mantle. References: (1) M. S. N. de A. Santos. Nematologica 13:593, 1968. (2) P. R. Thomas and D. J. F. Brown. Plant Pathol. 30:147, 1981.
Electrostatic Control of the Molecular and Crystal Structure of an Olefinic Double Betaine (1990)

Abstract No Absract.
Investigation of Viability to Replace Draft Animals With All-Wheel-Drive Motorcycles on Small Farms (2020)

Abstract This paper describes the design, functional testing, and user feedback for a tractor specialized for small farms in low-resource settings, particularly India. The presented tractor is unique in its ability to compete with draft animals’ physical dimensions, pulling performance, and sale price, while retaining key tractor advantages such as compatibility with modern tools, low maintenance costs, and reduced drudgery. This tractor features motorcycle-like controls and seating, inline drive wheels, stabilization via an outrigger arm or a specially developed, novel balance board attachment, and the ability to attach implements ahead or behind the rear axle. The design was created to address unmet farmer requirements identified during interviews with Indian farming stakeholders. A prototype of the tractor demonstrated the completion of key farming operations in a Massachusetts farm where expert user feedback was obtained. In-person interviews on the tractor’s usefulness were then conducted with 24 small and marginal Indian farmers in Karnataka, Gujarat, and Tamil Nadu. The tractor was described to the farmers with help of pictures, videos, and local experts. Farmers generally reported that the prototype tractor would meet their needs and suggested being willing to purchase the vehicle for 123,000 INR, about 22% higher than the price target for which the tractor was designed. The interviewed farmers reported an average likelihood of 4.8/5 that they would use the vehicle for planting, inter-cultivation, and spraying, and an average likelihood of 3.8/5 that they would use the tractor for primary or secondary tillage.
Optical, spin-resonance, and magnetoresistance studies of(tetrathiatetracene)2(iodide)3. The nature of the ground state (1978)

Optical, spin resonance, and high-field magnetoresistance studies of the organic charge-transfer salt ${(\mathrm{tetrathiatetracene})}_{2}$${(\mathrm{iodide})}_{3}$ [${(\mathrm{TTT})}_{2}$${\mathrm{I}}_{3}$] have been carried out. This material is a single-carrier system consisting of segregated linear chains of TTT cation radicals and tri-iodide ions which are incommensurate with respect to each other. The ${\mathrm{I}}_{3}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ chains exhibit considerable disorder perpendicular to the chain axis. ${(\mathrm{TTT})}_{2}$${\mathrm{I}}_{3}$ has a high room-temperature conductivity $\ensuremath{\sigma}(300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{K})\ensuremath{\sim}1000$ ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ along the chain axis and is metallic down to \ensuremath{\sim}100\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K where a possible phase transition occurs. The nature of this transition is discussed. Below 30\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, ${(\mathrm{TTT})}_{2}$${\mathrm{I}}_{3}$ exhibits semiconducting properties indicating that the low-temperature ground state is nonmetallic.
Muscle Stem Cell Therapy for the Treatment of DMD Associated Cardiomyopathy (2012)

Abstract : Project 1: Dilated cardiomyopathy affects approximately 1 in 2,500 individuals in the United States and is the 3rd most common cause of heart failure and the most frequent cause of heart transplantation. Patients that suffer from various muscle diseases, including Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), develop progressive cardiomyopathy. Cellular cardiomyoplasty, which involves the transplantation of exogenous cells into the heart, is a possible approach by which to repair diseased or injured myocardium and improve cardiac function. Though there are a number of drugs prescribed to treat dilated cardiomyopathy, there is no cure and individuals eventually require a heart transplant; therefore the use of cardiomyoplasty to repair the hearts of individuals suffering from cardiomyopathy could possibly be an effective alternative to heart transplantation. Technical Objective #1: To investigate the effect of cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation on the regeneration/repair capacity of various human MDSC populations implanted into the heart of mdx/SCID mice. Technical Objective #2: To investigate the role that angiogenesis plays in the regeneration/repair capacity of human MDSCs injected into the hearts of mdx/SCID mice. Project 2: This project will determine the extent to which novel sources of hepatocytes can be used for regeneration and repair of injuries to the liver and liver failure. A more complete understanding of the extent to which donor liver cells can be resuscitated from non-traditional sources and expanded for application to reduce liver injury and toxin and/or cancer risk should enhance the number of areas where hepatic stem cell transplantation might be effectively applied. Technical Objective #1: To characterize and expand hepatocytes from patients with cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease in immune deficient hosts whose livers permit extensive repopulation with donor cells. Technical Objective #2: To determine the extent to which transplant
Electrical Properties and Interface Structure of SiC MOSFETs with Barium Interface Passivation (2017)

A Barium-rich interface process provides SiO 2 /SiC interface conditions suitable for obtaining SiC field-effect (FE) channel mobility twice that of a nitric oxide (NO) passivation anneal. The temperature dependence of the field-effect mobility indicates clear differences in their interface properties. Secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) indicates that Ba remains predominantly at the SiO 2 /SiC interface, with only ~1×10 17 cm -3 Ba in the oxide.The interface structure and chemistry of the Ba-modified MOS devices was investigated using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). High-angle annular dark-field (HAADF) imaging reveals that the Ba interface layer results in an oxide-interface region not present in the NO annealed control sample. EDS mapping shows that this is a Ba-rich oxide interface layer. Using a new technique “revolving STEM” (RevSTEM) to correct drift and image distortion, SiC strain maps were generated. With an NO anneal there is tensile strain within SiC at the SiO 2 /SiC interface, along the C-axis direction. With the Ba interlayer, however, there is no observable strain relative to the bulk SiC. This interface strain may correlate with the inversion layer mobility, with an unstrained interface preferred.
A simulation model of focus and radial servos in compact disc players with disc surface defects (2005)

Compact disc players have been on the market in more than two decades. As a consequence most of the control servo problems have been solved. One large remaining problem to solve is the handling of compact discs with severe surface defects like scratches and fingerprints. This paper introduces a method for making the design of controllers handling surface defects easier. A simulation model of compact disc players playing discs with surface defects is presented. The main novel element in the model is a model of the surface defects. That model is based on data from discs with surface defects. This model is used to compare a high bandwidth with a low bandwidth controller's performance of handling surface defects.