gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The effect of a hydrostatic pressure induced phase transformation on the unipolar electrical response of Nb modified 95/5 lead zirconate titanate (2012)

Niobium doped lead zirconate titanate (95/5 NbPZT) undergoes a hydrostatic pressure induced ferroelectric rhombohedral to antiferroelectric orthorhombic phase transformation (FE-AFE). This work reports on the experimental characterization of the large field dielectric response to unipolar electric field as it passes through the forward and reverse FE-AFE transformations. The poled ceramic was hydrostatically depoled by driving the FE-AFE phase transformation and stress-strain and stress-electric displacement responses were measured. After this initial characterization, specimens of 95/5 NbPZT were subjected to unipolar electric field loading at different hydrostatic pressure levels. Electric field was varied from zero to 1 MV/m at a series of fixed pressure levels between zero and 550 MPa. This resulted in minor hysteresis loops with the area inside the loops dependent on both pressure and electric field amplitude. Two different slopes were taken from the D-E loops, identified as the small field and large field slopes. Each changed with pressure and displayed distinct jumps at the forward and reverse FE-AFE phase transformations. The area within the loops in the ferroelectric regime, attributed to domain wall motion, increased as pressure was increased and dropped abruptly as the material passed through the pressure induced phase transformation.
Observation of Falling Cosmic Objects Using GPS-Based FSR (2018)

In this paper, the possibility of GPS-based Forward Scatter Radar (GPS FSR), where satellites are exploited as sources of signals, to detect falling cosmic objects is examined. It is known that in FSR systems, the signal re-reflected by falling cosmic objects as masked by a much stronger direct signal. The goal of the article is to evaluate signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of these signals at the detector input, after the correlator and the integrator. The results obtained show that the difference in SNR between direct and re-reflected signals is substantially dependent on the size of the falling object and the distance to it. The results obtained indicate what signal processing needs to be performed to separate the useful target signal from the direct signal.
CANDIDATE FOR TISSUE MIMICKING MATERIAL MADE OF AN EPOXY MATRIX LOADED WITH ALGINATE MICROSPHERES (2013)

We present a new composite material containing calcium alginate microspheres incorporated into an epoxy matrix. The new material is mechanically stable and does not degrade over time. Its dielectric properties are extracted by model calculations and compared to the properties of some selected human tissues. Good agreement is observed, which identifles the proposed composite material as a good candidate for the use as a phantom material. The presented material is a two component composite and it is shown how its efiective properties can be predicted by using appropriate mixing formulas.
Performance of H.264 with isolated bit error: Packet decode or discard? (2011)

During wireless video transmission, when an error is detected at the receiver, the packet is dropped immediately and error concealment is performed. However, this procedure does not always provide satisfactory results, especially when the motion is complicated or scene change occurs. Moreover, there are often uncorrupted macroblocks in the distorted packet. Hence, it can be important to utilize the information in the distorted packet. In this work, our aim is to explore which produces better quality: discarding or decoding the corrupted packet. First, we examine the effect of an error in each syntax element on the visual quality. Second, we compare the visual degradation caused by an error in each syntax element with that caused by discarding the whole packet. We also evaluate the effects of motion and quantization.
ANALYZING VEHICULAR DELAY AT INTERSECTIONS THROUGH SIMULATION (1962)

THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SIMULATION MODEL FOR THE INTERSECTION OF TWO 2-LANE TWO-DIRECTIONAL STREETS, WITH ONE STREET BEING CONTROLLED BY STOP SIGNS, IS DESCRIBED. THE LACK OF ADEQUATE MATHEMATICAL DISTRIBUTIONS DESCRIBING TRAFFIC BEHAVIOR AND THE FIELD STUDIES PERFORMED TO OBTAIN THESE DISTRIBUTIONS ARE DISCUSSED. THE ELABORATE TECHNIQUES USED TO TEST THE LOGIC OF THE MODEL BEFORE BEGINNING THE ANALYSIS ARE ALSO REVIEWED. THE SIMULATION RESULTS ARE PRESENTED. THE VARIABILITY OF VEHICULAR DELAY UNDER CONSTANT TRAFFIC CONDITIONS IS DESCRIBED AND THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN VEHICULAR DELAY AND INDIVIDUAL APPROACH VOLUMES AND TURNING MOVEMENTS ARE FORMULATED. A BRIEF DISCUSSION OF THE VALUE OF THIS RESEARCH AND THE GENERAL APPLICABILITY OF SIMULATION TECHNIQUES TO SOLVING TRAFFIC PROBLEMS IS ALSO PRESENTED. /AUTHOR/
A Multi-Threshold Embedded Zerotree Wavelet Coder (1998)

In this paper, a novel and simple embedded wavelet coder, called a multi-threshold embedded zerotree wavelet coder, is proposed. The well-known embedded zerotree wavelet (EZW) coder uses the successive approximation quantization (SAQ) process and zerotree structures of wavelet coefficients. The EZW coder scans iteratively whole wavelet coefficients during the SAQ process, which decreases the coding efficiency considerably. In the proposed scheme, we scan only significant subbands using the significant test with the multi-threshold. The multi-threshold obtained from the coefficient with the maximum magnitude in each subband is used to determine whether a subband has significant coefficients or not. Since it is not necessary to encode the insignificant subbands having no significant coefficients during the SAQ process, we reduce significantly the redundancy generated by scanning higher subbands. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms popular image coders such as E...
Scanning Mutagenesis Reveals a Role for Serine 189 of the Heterotrimeric G-Protein Beta 1 Subunit in the Inhibition of N-Type Calcium Channels (2006)

Direct interactions between the presynaptic N-type calcium channel and the beta subunit of the heterotrimeric G-protein complex cause voltage-dependent inhibition of N-type channel activity, crucially influencing neurotransmitter release and contributing to analgesia caused by opioid drugs. Previous work using chimeras of the G-protein beta subtypes Gbeta1 and Gbeta5 identified two 20-amino acid stretches of structurally contiguous residues on the Gbeta1 subunit as critical for inhibition of the N-type channel. To identify key modulation determinants within these two structural regions, we performed scanning mutagenesis in which individual residues of the Gbeta1 subunit were replaced by corresponding Gbeta5 residues. Our results show that Gbeta1 residue Ser189 is critical for N-type calcium channel modulation, whereas none of the other Gbeta1 mutations caused statistically significant effects on the ability of Gbeta1 to inhibit N-type channels. Structural modeling shows residue 189 is surface exposed, consistent with the idea that it may form a direct contact with the N-type calcium channel alpha1 subunit during binding interactions.
Human thrombomodulin regulates complement activation as well as the coagulation cascade in xeno‐immune response (2015)

The EGF5, 6 domains of TBM appear to be the major domains for down-regulating the complement system rather than the lectin-like domain during xenogenic stimuli. The role of EGF5, 6 domains of hTBM may be due to inhibition of thrombin as thrombin can cleave C3a and C5a directly and hTBM may also be involved in complement regulation. Clearly then human TBM has complement regulatory effects as well as anticoagulant effects in xeno-immune response, and it is a promising target for attenuating xenograft rejection.
A vision-based DSP embedded navigation sensor (2002)

Spacecraft missions such as spacecraft docking and formation flying require high-precision relative position and attitude data. Deep space missions require the use of alternative technologies. One such technology is the vision-based navigation (VISNAV) sensor system developed at Texas A&M University. VISNAV comprises an electro-optical sensor combined with light sources or beacons. This patented sensor has an analog detector in the focal plane with a rise time of a few microseconds. Accuracies better than one part in 2000 of the field of view have been obtained. Simultaneous activation of beacons with frequency division multiplexing is given as part of the VISNAV sensor system. The synchronous demodulation process uses digital heterodyning and decimating filter banks on a low-power fixed point digital signal processor, which improves the accuracy of the sensor measurements and the reliability of the system. This paper also presents an optimal and computationally efficient six-degree-of-freedom estimation algorithm using a new measurement model based on the attitude representation of modified Rodrigues parameters.
Glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol molecules of the parasite and the host (1994)

The glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) protein-membrane anchors are ubiquitous among the eukaryotes. However, while mammalian cells typically express in the order of 100 thousand copies of GPI-anchor per cell, the parasitic protozoa, particularly the kinetoplastids, express up to 10-20 million copies of GPI-anchor and/or GPI-related glycolipids per cell. Thus GPI-family members dominate the cell surface molecular architecture of these organisms. In several cases, GPI-anchored proteins, such as the variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) of the African trypanosomes, or GPI-related glycolipids, such as the lipophosphoglycan (LPG) of the Leishmania, are known to be essential for parasite survival and infectivity. The highly elevated levels and specialised nature of GPI metabolism in the kinetoplastid parasites suggest that the GPI biosynthetic pathways might be good targets for the development of chemotherapeutic agents. This article introduces the range of GPI structures found in protozoan parasites, and their mammalian hosts, and discusses some aspects of GPI biosynthesis.
Reclassification of Streptomyces cinnamonensis as a later heterotypic synonym of Streptomyces virginiae (2021)

We studied the taxonomic relationship between <i>Streptomyces cinnamonensis</i> and <i>Streptomyces virginiae</i>. These type strains shared the same 16S rRNA gene sequence. Phylogenomic analysis supported them being closely related. Digital DNA-DNA relatedness and average nucleotide identity using whole genome sequences indicated that the two species represent the same genomospecies. They shared similar phenotypic characteristics and harboured the same set of secondary metabolite-biosynthetic gene clusters for polyketides and nonribosomal peptides in the genomes. Therefore, according to Rule 24b of the <i>Bacteriological Code</i>, <i>S. cinnamonensis</i> Okami 1952, 572<sup>AL</sup> (Approved Lists 1980) should be reclassified as a later heterotypic synonym of <i>S. virginiae</i> Grundy <i>et al</i>. 1952, 399<sup>AL</sup> (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Nouioui <i>et al</i>. 2018. Although 16S rRNA gene sequences were identical among type strains of <i>Streptomyces xanthophaeus</i>, <i>Streptomyces spororaveus</i> and <i>Streptomyces nojiriensis</i> and between those of <i>Streptomyces vinaceus</i> and <i>Streptomyces cirratus</i>, respectively, digital DNA-DNA relatedness indicated that these species are not synonymous.
Mini Laser Rangefinder (1986)

In the design of military optical systems there frequently exist conflicts among requirements for high performance or precision, size and weight, and the ability to withstand harsh environments. The Mini Laser Rangefinder, a second-generation production system designed for the Army, accurately measures and displays the distance to battlefield targets. Designed to fit in a field jacket pocket, it is half the weight and 60 percent smaller than its predecessor, the AN/GVS-5. The Mini Laser Rangefinder was designed for complete interchangeability of modules without realignment or readjustment. It was designed to minimize production costs by eliminating unnecessary parts and precision interfaces, by incorporating a simpler, more easily made optical system and by using precision plastic molded parts wherever possible. This paper describes the design evolution, performances and packaging/material innovations of this new production laser rangefinder.
Cardiac Device Complications in the Cognitively Impaired (2013)

Patients with cognitive impairment and standard device indications are not at increased risk for device complications and therapy but their survival is much lower than in matched controls. The cause of this lower survival is unknown but may be related to the underlying neurological disease. Presence of cognitive impairment should therefore be considered when contemplating implantation of a cardiac device.
Learning to cluster using local neighborhood structure (2004)

This paper introduces an approach for clustering/classification which is based on the use of local, high-order structure present in the data. For some problems, this local structure might be more relevant for classification than other measures of point similarity used by popular unsupervised and semi-supervised clustering methods. Under this approach, changes in the class label are associated to changes in the local properties of the data. Using this idea, we also pursue to learn how to cluster given examples of clustered data (including from different datasets). We make these concepts formal by presenting a probability model that captures their fundamentals and show that in this setting, learning to cluster is a well defined and tractable task. Based on probabilistic inference methods, we then present an algorithm for computing the posterior probability distribution of class labels for each data point. Experiments in the domain of spatial grouping and functional gene classification are used to illustrate and test these concepts.
RANSAC for (Quasi-)Degenerate data (QDEGSAC) (2006)

The computation of relations from a number of potential matches is a major task in computer vision. Often RANSAC is employed for the robust computation of relations such as the fundamental matrix. For (quasi-)degenerate data however, it often fails to compute the correct relation. The computed relation is always consistent with the data but RANSAC does not verify that it is unique. The paper proposes a framework that estimates the correct relation with the same robustness as RANSAC even for (quasi-)degenerate data. The approach is based on a hierarchical RANSAC over the number of constraints provided by the data. In contrast to all previously presented algorithms for (quasi-)degenerate data our technique does not require problem specific tests or models to deal with degenerate configurations. Accordingly it can be applied for the estimation of any relation on any data and is not limited to a special type of relation as previous approaches. The results are equivalent to the results achieved by state of the art approaches that employ knowledge about degeneracies.
IOTA Proton Injector Beamline Installation* (2023)

gas jet curtain can be injected perpendicular to the proton beam, which will preserve the integrity of the beam and provide a two-dimensional turn-by-turn profile measurement. Currently, IOTA and the gas jet monitor are being built and commissioned at Fermilab.
Chlorinated Indium Tin Oxide Electrodes with High Work Function for Organic Device Compatibility (2011)

Closer matching of the energy levels of transparent electrodes and active materials in organic light-emitting diodes improves efficiency.
Abstract 3151: Novel regulation of cancer cell migration by ABCG2-enhanced autophagy (2018)

Abstract ABCG2 is an ABC multidrug transporter best known for its ability to efflux a wide variety of chemotherapeutic agents, resulting in tumor drug resistance. More recently, our laboratory has shown that ABCG2 plays an additional role in tumor cell survival by enhancing the rate of autophagy, a conserved, catabolic recycling process that breaks down damaged proteins and cellular organelles to form cellular building blocks (Ding et al., Autophagy, 2016). Sporadic studies over the decades have led to somewhat conflicting reports about the impact of ABCG2 expression on migration. Likewise, autophagy can play either a pro-metastatic or anti-metastatic role depending on the context. In the present study, we confirm that ABCG2 enhances tumor cell migration in vitro, and provide novel data to suggest that this enhancement is due to the ability of ABCG2 to augment autophagy flux. Two cell line pairs were used for these studies: the NSCLC line H460 and its drug-selected ABCG2-overexpressing subline H460/MX20, and the embryonic kidney HEK293 cells stably-transfected either with ABCG2 or an empty vector. Transwell assays were used to study in vitro migration and invasion. ABCG2-overexpressing cells exhibited a marked increase in both cell migration and invasion relative to their parental counterparts. Using gelatin zymography, we also showed that ABCG2 over-expressing cells had enhanced MMP-2 activity, consistent with increased invasion. Both siRNA-mediated knockdown of ABCG2 expression and pharmacological inhibition of ABCG2 transport reduced the migration of ABCG2-overexpressing cells. Moreover, blocking autophagy using either a pharmacological or genetic approach also inhibited migration. Further supporting the hypothesis that ABCG2-enhanced autophagy influenced tumor cell migration, wild-type (WT) and MEFs in which the autophagy essential gene ATG5 was knocked out (ATG5-/-) were transiently transfected with either an empty vector or ABCG2. The ABCG2-transfected WT MEFs showed significantly enhanced migration compared to the empty vector transfected WT MEFs. The autophagy compromised ATG5-/- MEFs, however, did not display a statistically significant difference in the migration of the ABCG2 and empty-vector transfected cells, supporting the hypothesis that ABCG2 requires functional autophagy to enhance cell migration. Taken together, our results demonstrate a novel role for ABCG2 in enhancing cell migration by augmenting autophagy flux. Studies to determine whether ABCG2-regulated autophagy enhances migration and metastasis in vivo are underway. Citation Format: Kalkal Anil Trivedi, Rui Ding, Kathleen W. Scotto. Novel regulation of cancer cell migration by ABCG2-enhanced autophagy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3151.
A Specific Bacterial Aminoacylase Cleaves Odorant Precursors Secreted in the Human Axilla (2003)

Human axillary odor is known to be formed upon the action of Corynebacteria sp. on odorless axilla secretions. The known axilla odor determinant 3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid was identified in hydrolyzed axilla secretions along with a chemically related compound, 3-hydroxy-3-methylhexanoic acid. The natural precursors of both these acids were purified from non-hydrolyzed axilla secretions. From liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis, it appeared that the acids are covalently linked to a glutamine residue in fresh axilla secretions, and the corresponding conjugates were synthesized for confirmation. Bacterial isolates obtained from the human axilla and belonging to the Corynebacteria were found to release the acids from these odorless precursors in vitro. A Zn(2+)-dependent aminoacylase mediating this cleavage was purified from Corynebacterium striatum Ax20, and the corresponding gene agaA was cloned and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli. The enzyme is highly specific for the glutamine residue but has a low specificity for the acyl part of the substrate. agaA is closely related to many genes coding for enzymes involved in the cleavage of N-terminal acyl and aryl substituents from amino acids. This is the first report of the structure elucidation of precursors for human body odorants and the isolation of the bacterial enzyme involved in their cleavage.
A Novel Aldosterone Antagonist Limits Renal Injury in 5/6 Nephrectomy (2017)

Aldosterone antagonists slow the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), but their use is limited by hyperkalemia, especially when associated with RAS inhibitors. We examined the renoprotective effects of Ly, a novel non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) blocker, through two experimental protocols: In Protocol 1, male Munich-Wistar rats underwent 5/6 renal ablation (Nx), being divided into: Nx+V, receiving vehicle, Nx+Eple, given eplerenone, 150 mg/kg/day, and Nx+Ly, given Ly, 20 mg/kg/day. A group of untreated sham-operated rats was also studied. Ly markedly raised plasma renin activity (PRA) and aldosterone, and exerted more effective anti-albuminuric and renoprotective action than eplerenone. In Protocol 2, Nx rats remained untreated until Day 60, when they were divided into: Nx+V receiving vehicle; Nx+L treated with losartan, 50 mg/kg/day; Nx+L+Eple, given losartan and eplerenone, and Nx+L+Ly, given losartan and Ly. Treatments lasted for 90 days. As an add-on to losartan, Ly normalized blood pressure and albuminuria, and prevented CKD progression more effectively than eplerenone. This effect was associated with strong stimulation of PRA and aldosterone. Despite exhibiting higher affinity for the MR than either eplerenone or spironolactone, Ly caused no hyperkalemia. Ly may become a novel asset in the effort to detain the progression of CKD.
Corrosion management for data centers (2011)

The recent interest in air-side cooling and the spread of data centers into geographies with higher levels of atmospheric contamination is requiring more attention towards air quality management in data centers. One concern of air side economization is an increase in contamination levels potentially leading to more failures and outages of the IT equipment. In this paper we describe a corrosion measurement and management technology that enables high accuracy and real time monitoring of the gaseous contamination. The synergistic effects of indoor air temperature and relative humidity on corrosion rates are investigated and the spatial and the temporal variations of the corrosivity are established. Filtering of the outside air, both for particulate and gaseous contamination can mitigate air contamination in data centers. Implementing a facility wide air quality monitoring system promises the safe use of air-side economizers and would establish appropriate filtering, which enable early prevention of critical situations for information technology (IT) equipment operations.
Lightweight implementation of Hummingbird cryptographic algorithm on 4-bit microcontrollers (2009)

The radiofrequency identification (RFID) technology provides an extensible, flexible and secure measure against product counterfeiting. However, due to the harsh cost and power constraints of RFID tags only dedicated cryptographic engines or low-power consumption microcontrollers can be integrated into tags to implement various security mechanisms. In this contribution, we investigate efficient implementation of an ultra-lightweight cryptographic algorithm Hummingbird on a zero-power 4-bit MARC4 microcontroller from Atmel and compare the performance of Hummingbird to another ultra-lightweight block cipher PRESENT on the same platform. Our experimental results show that after a system initialization phase Hummingbird can achieve about 58% faster throughput than the block cipher PRESENT on a 4-bit ATAM893-D microcontroller running at 16 KHz, 500 KHz and 2 MHz, respectively. In particular, Hummingbird can process one data block with less than 12 ms under a typical low power configuration of 4-bit microcontrollers such as an 1.8 V supply voltage and a 500 kHz clock frequency.