gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An investigation on surface generation in ultra-precision raster milling (2011)

This paper studied the factors affecting surface roughness in ultra-precision raster milling (UPRM). Through the investigation on the surface generation mechanism, factors including cutting parameters, tool path generation (TPG) and tool geometry are taken into consideration. A series of cutting experiments is conducted to investigate the influences of three factors including feed direction, depth of cut and entry distance on surface roughness profiles and the surface quality of the ultra-precision raster milled surface. The results show that the surface finishing in horizontal cutting is better than that in vertical cutting and the surface roughness in UPRM can be minimised by selecting the optimal values of depth of cut and entry distance.
Effect of heat-killed Enterococcus faecalis EF-2001 on ethanol-induced acute gastric injury in mice: Protective effect of EF-2001 on acute gastric ulcer (2020)

<i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> is a facultative anaerobic gram-positive commensal bacterium common in the gastrointestinal tract of animals and humans. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of heat-killed <i>E. faecalis</i> EF-2001 (EF-2001) on acute gastric ulcer using a murine model of ethanol (EtOH)-induced acute gastric injury. EF-2001 (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg/day) was administered by oral gavage for 5 days before EtOH treatment (10 mL/kg body weight). EF-2001 effectively attenuated EtOH-induced gastric mucosal injury with reduced gastric mucosal ulcer and histological damage score. Pretreatment of EF-2001 markedly suppressed the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs; ERK1/2, JNK, and p38MAPK). In addition, EF-2001 significantly inhibited phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and subsequently suppressed the upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1 beta, and interleukin 6 in gastric tissues. Taken together, these results suggest that EF-2001 exerts a gastroprotective effect against acute gastric injury, and the underlying mechanism might be associated with the suppression of MAPKs and NF-κB signaling and consequent reduction of pro-inflammatory mediators or cytokines.
P‐46: An Oxide‐Semiconductor (OS) Technology‐Based Display Controller Suitable for an OS Display Comprising a Non‐Volatile Scan Register for Display‐Parameter Setting (2017)

A display controller used in an oxide‐semiconductor (OS) display was fabricated based on OS technology. Setting parameters were stored in non‐volatile registers comprising OS FETs; thus, power shutdown and restart of the power supply along with “idling stop” driving are possible. The power consumption was reduced by 75%. Optimal setting parameters can also be obtained with AI.
Plasma and tissue disposition of florfenicol inEscherichia colilipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxaemic sheep (2016)

1. The purpose of this study was to understand the effects of the acute inflammatory response (AIR) induced by Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on florfenicol (FFC) and FFC-amine (FFC-a) plasma and tissue concentrations. 2. Ten Suffolk Down sheep, 60.5 ± 4.7 kg, were distributed into two experimental groups: group 1 (LPS) treated with three intravenous doses of 1 μg/kg bw of LPS at 24, 16, and 0.75 h (45 min) before FFC treatment; group 2 (Control) was treated with saline solution (SS) in parallel to group 1. An IM dose of 20 mg FFC/kg was administered at 0.75 h after the last injection of LPS or SS. Blood and tissue samples were taken after FFC administration. 3. The plasma AUC<sub>0-4 h</sub> values of FFC were higher (p = 0.0313) in sheep treated with LPS (21.8 ± 2.0 μg·min/mL) compared with the control group (12.8 ± 2.3 μg·min/mL). Lipopolysaccharide injections increased FFC concentrations in kidneys, spleen, and brain. Low levels of plasma FFC-a were observed in control sheep (C<sub>max</sub> = 0.14 ± 0.01 μg/mL) with a metabolite ratio (MR) of 4.0 ± 0.87%. While in the LPS group, C<sub>max</sub> increased slightly (0.25 ± 0.01 μg/mL), and MR decreased to 2.8 ± 0.17%. 4. The changes observed in the plasma and tissue concentrations of FFC were attributed to the pathophysiological effects of LPS on renal hemodynamics that modified tissue distribution and reduced elimination of the drug.
Comparison of energy management control strategy based on wayside ESS for LRV application (2013)

The paper focuses on an innovative energy management control strategy of a wayside supercapacitor (SC) applied in DC electrified light transit networks. In order to achieve minimum energy demand from the electric feeding substations, the target of the control is the optimal tracking of the storage device voltage subject to the minimization of the mean square of the supply currents and, consequently, the reduction of power losses along the line. Hence, optimization theory has been used for the analytical determination and implementation of real time control strategy. Therefore the proposed strategy has been verified and validated via numerical simulations with reference to realistic LRV operation and different headway among the operating vehicles. A comparison with a classical energy storage system (ESS) state of charge control has been also carried out, as well as the energy saving improvement has been highlighted and the energy storage system integration and challenges are addressed. The results validate the theoretical approach and prove that the suggested control strategy is quite effective, putting in evidence its potentiality and the possibility of an actual implementation.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Structure of the cell-puncturing device of bacteriophage T4. (2002)

Bacteriophage T4 has a very efficient mechanism for infecting cells. The key component of this process is the baseplate, located at the end of the phage tail, which regulates the interaction of the tail fibres and the DNA ejection machine. A complex of gene product (gp) 5 (63K) and gp27 (44K), the central part of the baseplate, is required to penetrate the outer cell membrane of Escherichia coli and to disrupt the intermembrane peptidoglycan layer, promoting subsequent entry of phage DNA into the host. We present here a crystal structure of the (gp5-gp27)3 321K complex, determined to 2.9 A resolution and fitted into a cryo-electron microscopy map at 17 A resolution of the baseplate-tail tube assembly. The carboxy-terminal domain of gp5 is a triple-stranded beta-helix that forms an equilateral triangular prism, which acts as a membrane-puncturing needle. The middle lysozyme domain of gp5, situated on the periphery of the prism, serves to digest the peptidoglycan layer. The amino-terminal, antiparallel beta-barrel domain of gp5 is inserted into a cylinder formed by three gp27 monomers, which may serve as a channel for DNA ejection. PMID: 11823865
Cloning and Characterization of Secretory Tyrosine Phosphatases of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2000)

Two genes with sequence homology to those encoding protein tyrosine phosphatases were cloned from genomic DNA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H(37)Rv. The calculated molecular masses of these two putative tyrosine phosphatases, designated MPtpA and MPtpB, were 17. 5 and 30 kDa, respectively. MPtpA and MPtpB were expressed as glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins in Escherichia coli. The affinity-purified proteins dephosphorylated the phosphotyrosine residue of myelin basic protein (MBP), but they failed to dephosphorylate serine/threonine residues of MBP. The activity of these phosphatases was inhibited by sodium orthovanadate, a specific inhibitor of tyrosine phosphatases, but not by okadaic acid, an inhibitor of serine/threonine phosphatases. Mutations at the catalytic site motif, cysteine 11 of MPtpA and cysteine 160 of MPtpB, abolished enzyme activity. Southern blot analysis revealed that, while mptpA is present in slow-growing mycobacterial species as well as fast-growing saprophytes, mptpB was restricted to members of the M. tuberculosis complex. These phosphatases were present in both whole-cell lysates and culture filtrates of M. tuberculosis, suggesting that these proteins are secreted into the extracellular medium. Since tyrosine phosphatases are essential for the virulence of several pathogenic bacteria, the restricted distribution of mptpB makes it a good candidate for a virulence gene of M. tuberculosis.
MONitoring Knockbacks in EmergencY (MONKEY) – An Audit of Disposition Outcomes in Emergency Patients with Rejected Admission Requests (2022)

In this patient sample, emergency referrals for admission were mostly warranted and accurate. Knockbacks increase ED length of stay and may adversely affect patient care. Further focused discussion and clearer referral guidelines between ED clinicians and their inpatient colleagues are required.
Extended Propagation of Broadband Space-Time Wave Packets for 70 M (2019)

We synthesize a femtosecond wave packet of 20-nm bandwidth and spatial beam width of 0.7-mm that propagates diffraction-free for 70-m by virtue of carefully engineered spatiotemporal spectral correlations introduced into the field. © 2019 The Author(s)
Peptide-decorated polymeric nanomedicines for precision cancer therapy (2018)

The advancement of tissue and cell-specific drug delivery systems is a key to precision cancer therapy. Peptides, with easy synthesis, low immunogenicity and biological functions closely mimicking or surpassing natural proteins, have been actively engineered and explored to provide nanomedicines with the ability to overcome various extracellular and intracellular delivery barriers ranging from phagocytic clearance in the circulation, low tumor penetration, poor cancer cell selectivity, inferior cell penetration, to endosomal entrapment as well as poor blood brain barrier permeation for brain cancer therapy. Anti-tumor studies with peptide-decorated polymeric nanomedicines are currently in the experimental stage. Most of the reported peptide-directed polymeric nanomedicines do have a rather complex design requiring a multi-step reproducible fabrication process. Moreover, many of the proposed peptide-decorated polymeric nanomedicines are still not able to effectively overcome the drug delivery cascade barriers. Consequently, in order to facilitate clinical translation the complexity of the systems has to be reduced, while maintaining the added functions after the introduction of the different peptides and further progress has to be made in passing the various drug delivery barriers. In this review, we give an overview of the rational design, development and preclinical performance of peptide-decorated polymeric nanomedicines, and further discuss their challenges and future perspectives as a next generation cancer treatment modality.
Large Language Models Based Automatic Synthesis of Software Specifications (2023)

Software configurations play a crucial role in determining the behavior of software systems. In order to ensure safe and error-free operation, it is necessary to identify the correct configuration, along with their valid bounds and rules, which are commonly referred to as software specifications. As software systems grow in complexity and scale, the number of configurations and associated specifications required to ensure the correct operation can become large and prohibitively difficult to manipulate manually. Due to the fast pace of software development, it is often the case that correct software specifications are not thoroughly checked or validated within the software itself. Rather, they are frequently discussed and documented in a variety of external sources, including software manuals, code comments, and online discussion forums. Therefore, it is hard for the system administrator to know the correct specifications of configurations due to the lack of clarity, organization, and a centralized unified source to look at. To address this challenge, we propose SpecSyn a framework that leverages a state-of-the-art large language model to automatically synthesize software specifications from natural language sources. Our approach formulates software specification synthesis as a sequence-to-sequence learning problem and investigates the extraction of specifications from large contextual texts. This is the first work that uses a large language model for end-to-end specification synthesis from natural language texts. Empirical results demonstrate that our system outperforms prior the state-of-the-art specification synthesis tool by 21% in terms of F1 score and can find specifications from single as well as multiple sentences.
Experimental performance comparison of Duobinary and PSBT modulation formats for long-haul 40 Gb/s transmission on G 0652 fibre (2012)

Duobinary formats are today considered as being one of the most promising cost-effective solutions for the deployment of 40 Gb/s technology with direct detection on existing 10 Gb/s WDM long-haul (metropolitan and core) transmission infrastructures. Various methods for generating duobinary formats have been developed in the past few years but to our knowledge their respective performances for 40 Gb/s transmission have never been really compared experimentally. Here, we propose to evaluate at 40 Gb/s their respective robustness with respect to the most stringent transmission impairments, namely ASE noise, chromatic dispersion, polarization mode dispersion and nonlinear effects. We demonstrate that, owing to its enhanced resistance to intra-channel nonlinearities as compared to non-return-to-zero, duobinary can permit to reach transmission distances compliant with metropolitan and core applications on G.652 standard single mode fibre when quasi single-channel transmission conditions are met. We show furthermore that shifting optical duobinary filtering from the transmitter output to the receiver input can be of high interest to improve further the system maximum reach. We show also that phase-shaped binary transmission (PSBT) formats are fully compliant with 50-GHz channel spacing and that they are, in terms of transmission performance, as good as partial differential phase shift keying (Partial-DPSK), which is considered by equipment suppliers as the preferential transport solution for deployment of 40 Gb/s technology with direct detection on existing 10 Gb/s WDM metropolitan and core transmission infrastructures.
Comparison of Thermal Stability of Epitaxially Grown (La<sub>0.5</sub>Sr<sub>0.5</sub>)CoO<sub>3</sub> and (La<sub>0.6</sub>Sr<sub>0.4</sub>)MnO<sub>3</sub> Thin Films Deposited on Si Substrate (2010)

Thermal stability of bottom electrode thin films (La0.5Sr0.5)CoO3 (LSCO) and (La0.6Sr0.4)MnO3 (LSMO) were investigated. The crystallization and surface morphology of the heterostructure were characterized using x-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy. Resistivity of the LSCO thin film was 25 cm. However, the resistivity of LSCO thin film increases sharply with annealing temperature. The LSMO thin film has high resistivity (100 mcm). The film does not decompose after thermal processing at 900 °C. To confirm thermal stability, we examined the effect of post annealing at various temperatures on the morphology and resistivity. Results showed that LSMO has higher thermal stability than that of LSCO.
Vibrational Excitations and Low-Energy Electronic Structure of Epoxide-Decorated Graphene (2013)

We report infrared studies of adsorbed atomic oxygen (epoxide functional groups) on graphene. Two different systems are used as a platform to explore these interactions, namely, epitaxial graphene/SiC(0001) functionalized with atomic oxygen (graphene epoxide, GE) and chemically reduced graphene oxide (RGO). In the case of the model GE system, IR reflectivity measurements show that epoxide groups distort the graphene π bands around the K-point, imparting a finite effective mass and contributing to a band gap. In the case of RGO, epoxide groups are found to be present following the reduction treatment by a combination of polarized IR reflectance and transmittance measurements. Similar to the GE system, a band gap in the RGO sample is observed as well.
Secretion and Immunogenicity of the Meningioma-Associated Antigen TXNDC16 (2014)

In a previous study, we identified thioredoxin domain containing 16 (TXNDC16) as a meningioma-associated Ag by protein macroarray screening. Serological screening detected autoantibodies against TXNDC16 exclusively in meningioma patients' sera and not in sera of healthy controls. TXNDC16 was previously found to be an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-luminal glycoprotein. In this study, we show an additional ER-associated localization of TXNDC16 in the cytosol by in vitro synthesis, molecular mass shift assay, and flow cytometry. We were able to show TXNDC16 secretion in different human cell lines due to masked and therefore nonfunctional ER retrieval motif. A previously indicated exosomal TXNDC16 secretion could not be confirmed in HEK293 cells. The secreted serum protein TXNDC16 is bound in circulating immune complexes, which were found both in meningioma and healthy blood donor sera. Employing a customized array with 163 overlapping TXNDC16 peptides and measuring autoantibody reactivity, we achieved discrimination of meningioma sera from healthy controls with an accuracy of 87.2% using a set of only five immunogenic TXNDC16 epitopes.
Rapid direct fabrication of active electro-optic modulators in GaAs (1994)

We have developed several direct-write laser processing techniques to masklessly fabricate prototypes of waveguiding devices in GaAs/AlGaAs substrates. This flexible technology allows the rapid, successive fabrication and testing of devices such as modulators. Previously, we had reported use of this technology to fabricate low-loss single-mode passive waveguiding structures and devices. In this paper, we report the fabrication of active electro-optic modulators. These devices include an electro-optic polarization modulator, an integrated amplitude modulator consisting of a polarization modulator and an on-chip polarizer, and an integrated Mach-Zehnder interferometer.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Delivery and assessment of endovascular stents to repair aortic coarctation using MR and X‐ray imaging (2006)

Stent deployment to repair aortic coarctation is feasible under MR guidance. The combined use of MR and X-ray imaging is effective for anatomic and functional evaluation of aortic coarctation dilation, which may be crucial for optimal therapy.
<title>Cost-engineering modeling to support rapid concept development of an advanced infrared satellite system</title> (1995)

Current architectural and design trade techniques often carry unaffordable alternatives late into the decision process. Early decisions made during the concept exploration and development (CE&D) phase will drive the cost of a program more than any other phase of development; thus, designers must be able to assess both the performance and cost impacts of their early choices. The Space Based Infrared System (SBIRS) cost engineering model (CEM) described in this paper is an end-to-end process integrating engineering and cost expertise through commonly available spreadsheet software, allowing for concurrent design engineering and cost estimation to identify and balance system drives to reduce acquisition costs. The automated interconnectivity between subsystem models using spreadsheet software allows for the quick and consistent assessment of the system design impacts and relative cost impacts due to requirement changes. It is different from most CEM efforts attempted in the past as it incorporates more detailed spacecraft and sensor payload models, and has been applied to determine the cost drivers for an advanced infrared satellite system acquisition. The CEM is comprised of integrated detailed engineering and cost estimating relationships describing performance, design, and cost parameters. Detailed models have been developed to evaluate design parameters for the spacecraft bus and sensor; both step-starer and scanner sensor types incorporate models of focal plane array, optics, processing, thermal, communications, and mission performance. The current CEM effort has provided visibility to requirements, design, and cost drivers for system architects and decision makers to determine the configuration of an infrared satellite architecture that meets essential requirements cost effectively. In general, the methodology described in this paper consists of process building blocks that can be tailored to the needs of many applications. Descriptions of the spacecraft and payload subsystem models provide insight into The Aerospace Corporation expertise and scope of the SBIRS concept development effort.
Design and simulation of 1310 nm and 1480 nm single-mode photonic crystal fiber Raman lasers (2008)

We have numerically investigated the Raman lasing characteristics of a highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber (HNPCF). HNPCF Raman lasers are designed to deliver outputs at 1.3 microm and 1.48 microm wavelengths through three and six cascades of Raman Stokes cavities when the pumps of 1117 nm and 1064 nm are injected into HNPCF module, respectively. A quantum efficiency of approximately 47% was achieved in a short length of HNPCF for 1.3 microm lasing wavelength. The HNPCF design is modified further to operate in single-mode fashion keeping intact its Raman lasing characteristics. The modified HNPCF design consists of two air-hole rings where the higher-order modes in the central core are suppressed by enhancing their leakage losses drastically, thus ceasing their propagation in the short length of HNPCF. On the other hand, the fundamental mode is well confined to the central core region, unaffecting its lasing performances. Further, the lasing characteristics of HNPCF at 1480 nm are compared with conventional highly nonlinear fiber Raman laser operating at 1480 nm. It is found that one can reduce the fiber length by five times in case of HNPCF with nearly similar conversion efficiency.
First-in-human evaluation of a novel sirolimus-eluting ultra-high molecular weight APTITUDE bioresorbable scaffold: 9- and 24-month imaging and clinical results of the RENASCENT II trial (2020)

In this multicentre prospective study, the APTITUDE BRS was shown to be safe and effective in the treatment of single coronary lesions at 24-month clinical follow-up.
Bilateral Asymmetry in Knee and Hip Musculoskeletal Loading During Stair Ascending/Descending in Individuals with Unilateral Mild-to-Moderate Medial Knee Osteoarthritis (2023)

Most cases of unilateral knee osteoarthritis (OA) progress to bilateral OA within 10 years. Biomechanical asymmetries have been implicated in contralateral OA development; however, gait analysis alone does not consistently detect asymmetries in OA patient gait. Stair ambulation is a more demanding activity that may be more suited to reveal between-leg asymmetries in OA patients. The objective of this study was to investigate the between-leg biomechanical differences in patients with unilateral mild-to-moderate knee OA. Sixteen unilateral mild-to-moderate medial knee OA patients and 16 healthy individuals underwent kinematic and kinetic analysis of stair ascent and descent. Stair ascent produced higher loading and muscle forces in the unaffected limb compared to the OA limb, and stair descent produced lower loading on the OA limb compared to healthy subjects. These biomechanical differences were apparent in the ankle, knee, and hip joints. The implications of these findings are that OA patients rely more heavily on their unaffected sides than the affected side in stair ascent, a strategy that may be detrimental to the unaffected joint health. The reduction in affected limb loading in stair descent is thought to be related to minimizing pain.