gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Large-Area Low-Cost Flexible Plastic Nanohole Arrays for Integrated Bio-Chemical Sensing (2013)

Detection of plasmonic resonance peak shifts of nano-structured metamaterials is a promising method for sensing bio-chemical binding events. Although the concept is widely demonstrated in the laboratory environment using surface nano-structures machined at low-throughput and high-costs, practical solutions for high-volume production of an integrated sensing device are very limited. We present a concept of an integrated architecture that combines a thin layer of plasmonic nanohole sensing arrays, organic light-emitting diode illumination source, and microfluidic chip, for point-of-care, field, or lab applications. We discuss the fabrication of the sensor components. In particular, we present the improved fabrication of master nano-structure replication stamps, and demonstrate outstanding results for producing singular sheets or scale up to roll-to-roll embossing of nanohole arrays on a 2000 ft production roll. We further demonstrate that nanohole arrays embossed on flexible polyethylene terephthalate plastic sheets, when coated with 100 nm thin Au metal film, are capable of generating average plasmonic resonance shifts of 180 nm refractive index unit. Hence, we report the extraordinary transmission and plasmonic resonance shifts of nanohole arrays fabricated on roll-to-roll plastic sheets for the very first time. Our results show that the embossed nano-structures on plastic are suitable as sensor elements in our proposed integrated sensor architecture, and a promising technology for low-cost disposable applications.
“Smart dust”: nanostructured devices in a grain of sand (2005)

The term "smart dust" originally referred to miniature wireless semiconductor devices made using fabrication techniques derived from the microelectronics industry. These devices incorporate sensing, computing and communications in a centimetre-sized package. This article discusses the construction of much smaller silicon-based systems, using the tools of nanotechnology. The synthesis of millimetre- to micron-sized functional photonic crystals made from porous silicon is described. It is shown how the various optical, chemical, and mechanical properties can be harnessed to perform sensing, signal processing, communication and motive functions.
Facile construction of non-precious iron nitride-doped carbon nanofibers as cathode electrocatalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (2011)

We demonstrate a facile construction of iron nitride-doped carbon nanofiber by effectively utilizing the existing slit pores and rough edges along the inner wall of the substrate as originated by virtue of its cup-stack structure for effectively increasing the number of active sites and consequently the oxygen reduction activity.
Preoperative Nomograms for Predicting Renal Function at 1 Year After Partial Nephrectomy (2017)

We constructed and internally validated two nomograms to predict eGFRs at 1 year after PN, using only preoperative covariates as predictors.
Halogénation énantiosélective et diastéréosélective d'acétals de cétène (1991)

Sus scrofa provides a major source of animal protein for humans as well as being an excellent biomedical model. This study was carried out to understand, in detail, the genetic and functional variants of Jeju Native Pigs and miniature pigs through differential expression profiling of the genes controlling their immune response, growth performance, and meat quality. The Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform was used for generating 1.3 billion 90 bp paired-end reads, which were mapped to the S. scrofa genome using TopHat2. A total of 2481 and 2768 genes were differentially expressed with 8-log changes in muscle and liver samples, respectively. Five hundred forty-eight genes in muscle and 642 genes in liver samples had BLAST matches within the non-redundant database. GO process and pathway analyses showed enhanced biological processes related to the extracellular structural organization and skeletal muscle cell differentiation in muscle tissue, whereas the liver tissue shares functions related to the inflammatory response. Herein, we identify inflammatory regulatory genes in miniature pigs and growth response genes in Jeju Native Pigs, information which can provide a stronger base for the selection of breeding stock and facilitate further in vitro and in vivo studies for therapeutic purposes.
Monolithic photonic crystal-based fiber-tip Fabry-P&#x00E9;rot static pressure sensor (2013)

We developed a monolithic photonic crystal-based optical fiber-tip static pressure sensor. The single-crystalline silicon, from which the sensor was built, ensures a low-stress membrane free of the buckling that is characteristic of oxide membranes on silicon. The photonic crystals on the membrane improve its reflectance and sharpen the Fabry-Pérot resonance peaks. The sensor head fits within an 11 mm × 1.8 mm × 1.8 mm volume and exhibits a sensitivity of 6.76 nm/kPa with excellent linearity up to 3.73 kPa.
Antibodies to lipoarabinomannan antigen in sooty mangabey monkeys experimentally inoculated with Mycobacterium leprae. (1990)

IgG and IgM antibody levels to mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan (LAM) antigen were determined by ELISA in eight sooty mangabey monkeys (Cercocebus atys) prior to and at intervals after experimental inoculation with Mycobacterium leprae. High levels of anti-LAM IgG were present before inoculation and increased thereafter in the five mangabeys that developed lepromatous (LL) forms of leprosy; lower levels of anti-LAM IgG were observed in two mangabeys that developed indeterminate leprosy and tuberculoid/neuritic leprosy, respectively, and in a mangabey that was leprosy resistant. IgM anti-LAM levels were near zero before M. leprae inoculation in all eight animals, rose significantly in only three LL-leprosy-susceptible animals after inoculation, and returned to near zero in all animals within 3 years. Anti-LAM antibody levels appear to be potentially valuable as an indicator of leprosy susceptibility, and when measured longitudinally together with antibody levels to M. leprae-specific phenolic glycolipid-I antigen, as a means to detect preclinical M. leprae infections in high-risk individuals.
Empirical Evaluation of Diagnostic Algorithm Performance Using a Generic Framework (2021)

A variety of rule-based, model-based and datadriven techniques have been proposed for detection and isolation of faults in physical systems. However, there have been few efforts to comparatively analyze the performance of these approaches on the same system under identical conditions. One reason for this was the lack of a standard framework to perform this comparison. In this paper we introduce a framework, called DXF, that provides a common language to represent the system description, sensor data and the fault diagnosis results; a run-time architecture to execute the diagnosis algorithms under identical conditions and collect the diagnosis results; and an evaluation component that can compute performance metrics from the diagnosis results to compare the algorithms. We have used DXF to perform an empirical evaluation of 13 diagnostic algorithms on a hardware testbed (ADAPT) at NASA Ames Research Center and on a set of synthetic circuits typically used as benchmarks in the model-based diagnosis community. Based on these empirical data we analyze the performance of each algorithm and suggest directions for future development.
Model-Based Approach to Investigate the Influences of Different Load States to the Vehicle Dynamics of Light Electric Vehicles (2021)

The need to find alternative urban mobility solutions for delivery and transport has led mobility companies to devote enormous resources for researchbased solutions to increase vehicle safety. This paper documents a virtual approach to investigate the influences of different load states to the vehicle dynamic of light electric vehicle. A model basing on a three-dimensional multibody system was used, which consists of five bodies. By applying methods of multibody modelling the generalized equations of motion were generated. To include the behavior within the contact point between road and vehicle a simplified tire models was added. The implementation of the equations allowed a first validation of the model via simulations. In a final modeling step the simulation results were interpreted in respect of plausibility. Afterwards, the model was simulated numerically to investigate different load states of the vehicle, by applying constant steering stimuli and variable velocities. In sum, the investigated model approach is useful to identify safety relevant parameters and shows the effects of load states to the vehicle dynamics. Furthermore, it behaves plausibly regarding general vehicle dynamics. These results prove the general usability of the model for the development controllers and estimators in driver assistances systems.
Aqueous Assembly of Oxide and Fluoride Nanoparticles into 3D Microassemblies (2018)

We demonstrate rapid [∼mm<sup>3</sup>/(h·L)] organic ligand-free self-assembly of three-dimensional, >50 μm single-domain microassemblies containing up to 10<sup>7</sup> individual aligned nanoparticles through a scalable aqueous process. Organization and alignment of aqueous solution-dispersed nanoparticles are induced by decreasing their pH-dependent surface charge without organic ligands, which could be temperature-sensitive or infrared light absorbing. This process is exhibited by transforming both dispersed iron oxide hydroxide nanorods and lithium yttrium fluoride nanoparticles into high packing density microassemblies. The approach is generalizable to nanomaterials with pH-dependent surface charge (e.g., oxides, fluorides, and sulfides) for applications requiring long-range alignment of nanostructures as well as high packing density.
Preliminary Phase II Study Results of BBR2778 in Combination with Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, and Prednisone in Patients with Relapsed Aggressive Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma. (2004)

Abstract Background: Pixantrone (BBR 2778) is a novel aza-anthracenedione with superior activity compared to doxorubicin and mitoxantrone in various tumor models including hematological malignancies. Pixantrone single agent therapy led to major responses in patients (pts) with aggressive lymphoma including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLCL). The safety of a CHOP-like regimen with pixantrone replacing doxorubicin (CPOP) was assessed in a dose-ranging study indicating a recommended dose of 150 mg/m² for pixantrone. Method: In this phase II study the primary objective was to assess the efficacy of the CPOP regimen (cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m² d1, pixantrone 150mg/m² d1, vincristine 1.4mg/m² d1, limited to 2mg, and prednisone 100mg d1 to 5) in pts with relapsed DLCL, transformed follicular lymphoma (tFL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) for a total of 6 cycles given every 3 weeks. Hematopoietic growth factors were not permitted for the first cycle and used thereafter according to the ASCO guidelines. Inclusion/exclusion criteria included at least one but not more than two previous chemotherapy lines containing an anthracycline/anthracenedione with a cumulative dose of less than 450mg/m² doxorubicin equivalent, a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) &amp;gt;50%, no meningeal involvement, and HIV negative serology. Results: 21 pts have currently been included. Data is available for the first 15 pts. Main baseline characteristics are: median age 65 y [35 – 76]; DLCL 10 cases, tFL 2 cases, MCL 3 cases; stage I/II 4 cases, stage III/IV 11 cases; median number of previous therapy lines 2 [1–5], median prior cumulative dose of anthracyclines 320 mg/m² [104 – 452 mg/m²]. 48 cycles of CPOP have been administered to date, with a median number of 4 per pt. Most common grade 3 or 4 adverse events were neutropenia [39 episodes in 10 (67%) pts], leucopenia [37 episodes in 10 (67%) pts], thrombocytopenia [3 episodes in 3 (20%) pts] and febrile neutropenia [8 episodes in 4 (27%) pts]. There was no treatment related death and no grade 3 or 4 organ toxicity. Treatment was delayed in 6 pts and the doses of pixantrone and cyclophosphamide were reduced in 5 pts for a grade 4 hematological toxicity or infection. Only one patient had a decrease of ≥10% of LVEF from 72% at screening to 56% after 6 cycles without clinical symptoms. Out of 12 pts currently evaluable for response, 6 (50%) responded to CPOP therapy: 5 CR and 1 PR (responses maintained for ≥8 weeks). Conclusion : These early results of the CPOP regimen with 150 mg/m² of pixantrone indicates a high response rate in pts with relapsed aggressive B cell lymphoma with an acceptable and manageable safety profile.
Estimation of Soil Moisture from Remote Sensing Data and Cokriging (2009)

Areas of high soil moisture associated with high pore pressure can decrease the shear strength of the material making a slope susceptible to fail. In a humid environment, the distribution of soil moisture is typically determined based on topography.
Structure-based design of selective and potent G quadruplex-mediated telomerase inhibitors (2001)

The telomerase enzyme is a potential therapeutic target in many human cancers. A series of potent inhibitors has been designed by computer modeling, which exploit the unique structural features of quadruplex DNA. These 3,6,9-trisubstituted acridine inhibitors are predicted to interact selectively with the human DNA quadruplex structure, as a means of specifically inhibiting the action of human telomerase in extending the length of single-stranded telomeric DNA. The anilino substituent at the 9-position of the acridine chromophore is predicted to lie in a third groove of the quadruplex. Calculated relative binding energies predict enhanced selectivity compared with earlier 3,6-disubstituted compounds, as a result of this substituent. The ranking order of energies is in accord with equilibrium binding constants for quadruplex measured by surface plasmon resonance techniques, which also show reduced duplex binding compared with the disubstituted compounds. The 3,6,9-trisubstututed acridines have potent in vitro inhibitory activity against human telomerase, with EC(50) values of up to 60 nM.
Total synthesis of glycinoeclepin A (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of glycinoeclepin AE. J. Corey and Ioannis N. HoupisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 24, 8997–8998Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00180a064https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00180a064research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1176Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Rinse additives for line-edge roughness control in 193-nm lithography (2004)

Resist technologies that will enable next-generation lithography (NGL) such as extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUV) will require tighter control of critical dimension (CD) with appropriate reduction of line edge roughness (LER) of resist features to levels that seem unrealizable today. Given the delicate balance existing between LER, resolution and sensitivity that is associated with photoresist patterning, alternative processing methodologies that can address such parameters individually are required. In this work a post-processing method designed to control LER is proposed based on the ability of an additive-containing rinse to condition the surface of photoresist patterns. Organic salts added to the final rinse used to quench the development process are found to be particularly effective towards this end. LER reduction up to 15% was observed for a broad range of 193 nm resist systems, while preserving the integrity of the pattern profiles. The dependence of LER reduction on additive concentration was investigated and the limited improvement observed was explained based on the tendency of the additive to self-aggregate. Finally, the advantage of including an additive in the rinse step instead of using an additive-containing developer is discussed in terms of critical dimension bias and overall image integrity control.
Laser Additive Manufacturing LAM - Fundamentals of Selective Laser Melting SLM and Laser Material Deposition LMD (2014)

With Additive Manufacturing AM, parts can be manufactured for design instead of being designed for manufacture. This tutorial introduces the two laser based AM processes, Selective Laser Melting SLM and Laser Material Deposition LMD.
Failure of VariAx® Distal Radial Locking Plate: Fractographic Analysis and Report of Two Cases (2022)

We describe two cases of atraumatic fracture of VariAx® distal radial locking plate following its use in distal radial osteotomies. The plates fractured through an unused screw hole at the level of the osteotomy. Scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate the fracture surfaces. This confirmed that there had been fatigue failure and did not find evidence of abnormal composition or structure of the metal. These cases are important because they highlight that this new and innovative implant can be prone to failure, and demonstrate the requirement for adequate surgical technique and metalwork protection following surgery.
Synthesis and characterization of poly(methyl methacrylate)‐block‐poly(methylphenylsilane)‐block‐poly(methyl methacrylate) by atom transfer radical polymerization (2002)

Abstract ABA block copolymers of methyl methacrylate and methylphenylsilane were synthesized with a methodology based on atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The reaction of samples of α,ω‐dihalopoly(methylphenylsilane) with 2‐hydroxyethyl‐2‐methyl‐2‐bromoproprionate gave suitable macroinitiators for the ATRP of methyl methacrylate. The latter procedure was carried out at 95 °C in a xylene solution with CuBr and 2,2‐bipyridine as the initiating system. The rate of the polymerization was first‐order with respect to monomer conversion. The block copolymers were characterized with 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography, and differential scanning calorimetry was used to obtain preliminary evidence of phase separation in the copolymer products. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 30–40, 2003
A 1.2 GHz Alpha microprocessor with 44.8 GB/s chip pin bandwidth (2002)

A 4th-generation Alpha microprocessor running at 1.2 GHz delivers up to 44.8 GB/s chip pin bandwidth and dissipates 125 W at 1.5 V. It contains a 1.75 MB 2nd level write-back-cache, two memory controllers supporting 8 Rambus/sup TM/ channels running at 800 Mb/s, four 6.4 GB/s inter-processor communication ports, and a separate 10 port capable of 6.4 GB/s. The chip measures 21.1/spl times/18.8 mm/sup 2/, contains 130 M transistors and is fabricated in a 0.18 /spl mu/m bulk CMOS process with 7 levels of copper interconnect.
A multi-modal deep learning model integrates clinical, pathomic, and radiomic features for glioma classification and grading. (2022)

e14038 Background: Histopathologic glioma diagnosis relies on the interpretation of the morphologic appearance of tumor cells. This conventional approach suffers from documented inter-pathologist disagreements with minor discordances in 36% and serious discordances in 8.8% of cases (Bruner JM et al. Cancer. 1997). Machine learning applied to automatically extracted pathomic features offers the potential to reduce this inter-reader variability and improve classification accuracy. The addition of clinical history and radiomic features may further improve performance. This work compares the performance of automatic pathomic and radiomic feature analysis to human histologic impressions for glioma classification according to the 2021 WHO scheme. Methods: We developed and evaluated models for predicting the 2021 WHO Glioma class using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and The Cancer Imaging Archive. We used a cohort of 112 glioma cases with complete data of molecular markers, digital slides, and MRI images. Using molecular markers, we divided this cohort into 2021 WHO types, including 61 glioblastomas, 38 astrocytomas, and 13 oligodendroglioma. We extracted 374 pathomic features summarizing the tumor-rich region on each digital slide. Neural network models were developed with pathomic features alone or in combination with clinical factors (sex, age, and Karnofsky index) and 670 radiomic features obtained from multi-sequence MRI exams. Accuracy was estimated with 5-fold cross validation. Feature importance analysis was carried out with recursive feature elimination to identify the top pathomic and radiomic features related to the specific glioma diagnosis. Results: In this cohort, the conventional histologic impression, reliant on pathologist interpretation, was successful in identifying the WHO glioma class with an accuracy of 0.77 +/- 0.08. The use of pathomics features alone, representing a fully automatic approach, had an accuracy of 0.83 +/- 0.08. The use of pathomics and radiomics information increased the accuracy to 0.88 +/- 0.08. Feature importance analysis revealed that the most important pathomic features were related to nuclear size, nuclear hematoxylin staining intensity, and nuclear circularity. Conclusions: In this pilot study, our machine learning model with pathomic features achieved promising performance for glioma classification. Combining clinical and radiomic features further enhanced performance. We found that the pathomic features that most correlated with the pathologic classification are the same key features that pathologists use in their diagnostic evaluation. While molecular testing is now the definitive reference information for final glioma classification, this pilot study suggests that pathomics analysis could have a valuable role during a pathologist’s initial histologic review.