gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Temperature and Field Induced Variations of Electric Conductivities of HTV Silicone Rubbers Derived from Measured Currents and Surface Potential Decay Characteristics (2020)

The temperature and field dependencies of electric conductivities of two types of silicone rubber-based polymers intended for use in high voltage direct current applications are presented and discussed. The conductivities obtained with the standard method by measuring a current through the material sample placed between metallic electrodes in response to the applied voltage are compared with those deduced from the measured potential decay on pre-charged material surface in an open circuit configuration. The measurements were conducted in the range of the applied electric field strength (0.5–5) kV/mm and temperatures ranging from 22 °C to 70 °C. It is shown that the values of the conductivities obtained by the two methods are in agreement and their temperature dependences obey Arrhenius law yielding similar activation energies.
Imaging-assisted nanoimmunotherapy for atherosclerosis in multiple species (2019)

Nanomedicine research produces hundreds of studies every year, yet very few formulations have been approved for clinical use. This is due in part to a reliance on murine studies, which have limited value in accurately predicting translational efficacy in larger animal models and humans. Here, we report the scale-up of a nanoimmunotherapy from mouse to large rabbit and porcine atherosclerosis models, with an emphasis on the solutions we implemented to overcome production and evaluation challenges. Specifically, we integrated translational imaging readouts within our workflow to both analyze the nanoimmunotherapeutic's in vivo behavior and assess treatment response in larger animals. We observed our nanoimmunotherapeutic's anti-inflammatory efficacy in mice, as well as rabbits and pigs. Nanoimmunotherapy-mediated reduction of inflammation in the large animal models halted plaque progression, supporting the approach's translatability and potential to acutely treat atherosclerosis.
A Chemical Biology Approach to Reveal Sirt6-targeted Histone H3 Sites in Nucleosomes (2016)

As a member of a highly conserved family of NAD(+)-dependent histone deacetylases, Sirt6 is a key regulator of mammalian genome stability, metabolism, and life span. Previous studies indicated that Sirt6 is hardwired to remove histone acetylation at H3K9 and H3K56. However, how Sirt6 recognizes its nucleosome substrates has been elusive due to the difficulty of accessing homogeneous acetyl-nucleosomes and the low activity of Sirt6 toward peptide substrates. Based on the fact that Sirt6 has an enhanced activity to remove long chain fatty acylation from lysine, we developed an approach to recombinantly synthesize histone H3 with a fatty acylated lysine, N(ε)-(7-octenoyl)-lysine (OcK), installed at a number of lysine sites and used these acyl-H3 proteins to assemble acyl-nucleosomes as active Sirt6 substrates. A chemical biology approach that visualizes OcK in nucleosomes and therefore allows direct sensitization of Sirt6 activities on its acyl-nucleosome substrates was also formulated. By combining these two approaches, we showed that Sirt6 actively removes acylation from H3K9, H3K18, and H3K27; has relatively low activities toward H3K4 and K3K23; but sluggishly removes acylation at H3K14, H3K36, H3K56, and H3K79. Overexpressing Sirt6 in 293T cells led to downregulated acetylation at H3K18 and K3K27, confirming these two novel Sirt6-targeted nucleosome lysine sites in cells. Given that downregulation of H3K18 acetylation is correlated with a poor prognosis of several cancer types and H3K27 acetylation antagonizes repressive gene regulation by di- and trimethylation at H3K27, our current study implies that Sirt6 may serve as a target for cancer intervention and regulatory pathway investigation in cells.
The Refractive Status of Zuni Indian Children (1976)

American Indians show a high incidence of various ocular abnormalities. In the present study, refractive error and corneal curvature were measured in 420 Zuni school children. The mean spherical refractive error varied from +0.87 D in the lower grades to -0.62 D in the upper grades. The mean corneal astigmatism was 2.21 D was varied as function of grade. corneal and refractive astigmatism were highly correlated.
Instrumental Analysis in Environmental Chemistry-Gas Phase Detection Systems (1974)

Journal Article Instrumental Analysis in Environmental Chemistry—Gas Phase Detection Systems Get access Donald H. Stedman, Donald H. Stedman Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Philip A. Meyers Philip A. Meyers Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar BioScience, Volume 24, Issue 5, May 1974, Pages 277–282, https://doi.org/10.2307/1296715 Published: 01 May 1974 Article history Accepted: 01 November 1973 Published: 01 May 1974
Impact of the development of the lung microbiota on neonatal immunity (2015)

Session IV. Interactions avec l'hôte et applications Santé
Stable, continuous large-scale production of human monoclonal HIV-1 antibody using a computer-controlled pilot plant. (1994)

A completely automated pilot plant used for fermentation has been employed with direct digital control (DDC) technology for monitoring and regulating growth of human cells. A human hybridoma cell line (3D6) producing anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 antibodies was used as a model for large-scale production (300-liter airlift fermentor) in continuous culture. Parameters controlled were pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature and the flow rate of four gases used in the process. A control strategy was implemented to achieve constant fluid velocity and mixing by maintaining the rate of gas flow at a constant level. Another advantage of this approach was that the total gas flow required for optimal fluid circulation was reduced from 1 volume gas/volume fermenter/hour (vvh) to 0.3 vvh. Use of a low flow rate eliminated the serious problems of foaming, which contributed significantly to cell destruction, shorter filter-life and other considerations. Dilution rate was optimized at laboratory scale for maximum productivity, which results in relatively low viability. At a dilution rate of 0.0076 h-1, a total cell density of 6-7 x 10(5) cells/ml with a viability of approximately 75% was maintained during long-term continuous cultivation. These growth conditions resulted in a product titer stabilized in the range of 35 micrograms IgG/ml. Batchwise purification was achieved with a recovery of more than 50% and a final purification of active monoclonal antibody representing about 99% product. Results from isoelectric focusing and Western blotting demonstrated batch-to-batch consistency of the purified human monoclonal antibody to HIV-1 during the continuous growth process.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Beneficiation of fine western coal by froth flotation. [Wyoming, Colorado, Utah] (1982)

Samples of nine different coals from Wyoming, Colorado and Utah were collected and characterized in order to relate the flotation response of these coals to their properties. A simple technique using a modified Hallimond tube for flotation studies enabled the estimation of flotation kinetic rate constants for these coals. All of the coals tested showed good agreement with first-order treatment of the data. These rate constants for each coal exhibited a pH dependence. Strong correlations were obtained between a coal's floatability and its content of carbon, oxygen and moisture. The role of oxidation, in mineral-matter liberation, and frothers in coal flotation has been discussed.
No Substitute for the 'P'-Word in Financial Rescue (2009)

Three months and three-hundred billion dollars of bank rescue efforts have gotten bogged down in a widespread and irrational fear among policymakers: the fear of trying to put a price on banks’ troubled assets. So profound is this fear that the Bush Treasury opted instead for the “suitcase approach, ” where large sums of cash were delivered to banks (solvent and insolvent alike) with few strings attached. The government needs to restore the banking sector, while protecting the interests of taxpayers. There is no substitute for the P-word.
Full Extraction of 2D Photonic Crystal Assisted $ \hbox{Y}_{3}\hbox{Al}_{5}\hbox{O}_{12}$:Ce Ceramic Plate Phosphor for Highly Efficient White LEDs (2014)

In this paper, we report the optical and thermal effects of filling the air gap between a ceramic plate phosphor (CPP) and a cup-type light-emitting diode (LED) in a white phosphor-converted LED (pc-LED) package. The aim of our work was to improve extraction efficiency fully, as well as to enhance heat dissipation; and in this case, the CPP was a two-dimensional (2D) TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> nanobowl photonic crystal layer (PCL)-assisted Y <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">12</sub> : Ce <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3 +</sup> (YAG: Ce). By adding a 2D TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> PCL and eliminating the air gap between the CPP and the LED cup, our package exhibited better luminous efficacy, more uniform optical properties, and higher thermal conductivity than those of a 2D TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> PCL-assisted CPP-capped LED with an air gap and a conventional phosphor powder dispersed in an LED package.
Entropy interpretation of maximum-likelihood deconvolution (1987)

Abstract Entropy concepts are embodied in the maximum-likelihood deconvolution (MLD) method, just as they are in minimum-entropy (MED) methods. MLD asymptotically minimizes Shannon's entropy of the reflectivity sequence (which, in MLD, is modeled as a Bernoulli-Gaussian random sequence). Study of maximum-likelihood detection and estimation of the reflectivity sequence reveals that MLD is embodied in the general framework of the 'adaptive' MED methods. Comparisons based on similarities and differences between MLD and various existing MED techniques show that MLD is robust due to explicit inclusion of noise in its statistical model.
Comparison of the pharmacokinetic profiles of two oral controlled-release morphine formulations in healthy young adults. (1991)

The pharmacokinetic profiles of two oral controlled-release morphine formulations, MS Contin tablets and Roxanol SR tablets, were compared to evaluate their bioequivalence. In a sequential, crossover study, 18 healthy young male volunteers received single 60-mg doses (two 30-mg tablets) of each formulation and provided 15 serial blood samples over 24 hours, which were assayed to determine their morphine concentrations by high-performance liquid chromatography. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences between the treatments for maximum plasma concentration (P less than 0.001), area under the plasma concentration curve from zero to 12 hours (P less than 0.01), and apparent elimination half-life (P less than 0.001). No significant differences were found for time required to reach maximum plasma concentration and area under the plasma concentration-time curve from zero to 24 hours. The results show that the two morphine preparations are not bioequivalent.
Inexpensive Ruthenium NNS‐Complexes as Efficient Ester Hydrogenation Catalysts with High C=O vs. C=C Selectivities (2018)

Abstract Ru(NNS)(PPh 3 )Cl 2 (NNS=2‐(methylthio)‐N‐(pyridin‐2‐yl‐methyl)ethan‐1‐amine) was employed in the hydrogenation of α,β‐unsaturated esters, reaching selectivities for the allylic alcohol up to 95% in the hydrogenation of iso‐butylcinnamate. In addition, several ester substrates were hydrogenated with catalyst loadings as low as 0.05 mol%. Surprisingly, selectivity of the hydrogenation of the C=O vs the C=C bonds strongly depends on the solvent. magnified image
Supplementary Table S2 from Human Papillomavirus 42 Drives Digital Papillary Adenocarcinoma and Elicits a Germ Cell–like Program Conserved in HPV-Positive Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Viral abundance scores in ViroCap assay.&lt;/p&gt;
Advances in Artificial Intelligence Require Progress Across all of Computer Science (2017)

Advances in Artificial Intelligence require progress across all of computer science.
Absence of Interference During High-Multiplicity Infection by Clonally Purified Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (1971)

Stocks of vesicular stomatitis virus free of defective interfering particles were produced by serial clonal isolation. High-multiplicity infections with these stocks led to no interference or formation of defective interfering particles. Defective interfering particles were generated by three successive passages at high multiplicity.
An electromechanical testing device for assessment of hand motor function (1998)

Instrumentation was designed and constructed to assess the strength and function of the intrinsic muscles of the index and long fingers of the hand. The device consisted of two beams instrumented with strain gages, signal conditioners, and a microprocessor-based embedded controller. A study conducted on four weak spinal cord injury (SCI), three nonweak SCI, and 21 control subjects demonstrated a trend of reduced maximum pinching force between the index and long fingers in weak SCI subjects compared with the other two groups. Weak SCI subjects also demonstrated a significantly slower rapid alternating movement speed of the index finger compared with the other two groups. The instrument has potential use as a clinical tool for quantitative evaluation of the progression of hand motor dysfunction.
Formation of the Intrathymic Dendritic Cell Pool Requires CCL21-Mediated Recruitment of CCR7+ Progenitors to the Thymus (2018)

During αβ T cell development in the thymus, migration of newly selected CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> thymocytes into medullary areas enables tolerance mechanisms to purge the newly selected αβ TCR repertoire of autoreactive specificities. Thymic dendritic cells (DC) play key roles in this process and consist of three distinct subsets that differ in their developmental origins. Thus, plasmacytoid DC and Sirpα<sup>+</sup> conventional DC type 2 are extrathymically derived and enter into the thymus via their respective expression of the chemokine receptors CCR9 and CCR2. In contrast, although Sirpα<sup>-</sup> conventional DC type 1 (cDC1) are known to arise intrathymically from immature progenitors, the precise nature of such thymus-colonizing progenitors and the mechanisms controlling their thymus entry are unclear. In this article, we report a selective reduction in thymic cDC1 in mice lacking the chemokine receptor CCR7. In addition, we show that the thymus contains a CD11c<sup>+</sup>MHC class II<sup>-</sup>Sirpα<sup>-</sup>Flt3<sup>+</sup> cDC progenitor population that expresses CCR7, and that migration of these cells to the thymus is impaired in <i>Ccr7<sup>-/-</sup></i> mice. Moreover, thymic cDC1 defects in <i>Ccr7<sup>-/-</sup></i> mice are mirrored in <i>plt/plt</i> mice, with further analysis of mice individually lacking the CCR7 ligands CCL21Ser (<i>Ccl21a<sup>-/-</sup></i> ) or CCL19 (<i>Ccl19<sup>-/-</sup>)</i> demonstrating an essential role for CCR7-CCL21Ser during intrathymic cDC1 development. Collectively, our data support a mechanism in which CCR7-CCL21Ser interactions guide the migration of cDC progenitors to the thymus for correct formation of the intrathymic cDC1 pool.
Mid-infrared Quantum Dot Emitters utilizing Planar Photonic Crystal Technology. (2020)

Abstract not provided.
Interaction of a novel urate efflux transporter URATv1 ( SLC2A9 ) with uricosuric agents. (2009)

Hyperuricemia is a significant factor in a variety of diseases, including gout and cardiovascular diseases. And renal excretion largely determines plasma urate concentration. Previously we identified a major urate reabsorptive transporter, URAT1 ( SLC22A12 ), on the apical side of the renal proximal tubular cells. Recently, we identified that URATv1 ( SLC2A9 ) functions as an efflux transporter of urate from the tubular cell. URATv1‐expressed Xenopus oocytes transported urate favoring negative to positive potential direction. Considering its basolateral localization, SLC2A9 is likely to mediate the second step of urate reabsorption. To further characterize the transport properties of URATv1, we performed the urate transport studies in the URATv1 expressed oocytes. URATv1‐mediated urate transport was not trans ‐stimulated by intracellularly‐injected glucose, fructose, monocarboxylates such as lactate, nicotinate or pyrazinoate (PZA) for urate. In addition, urate efflux via URATv1 was not enhanced by extracellular glucose or fructose. Urate transport via URATv1 was affected by uricosuric agents probenecid, benzbromarone, phenylbutazone and losartan, but not by monocarboxylates such as lactate, nicotinate, orotate, PZA, or β‐hydroxybutyrate. In summary, different substrate selectivity between URATv1 and URAT1 suggests that targeting URATv1 may lead to a novel therapy for hyperuricemia.
Suitability of total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry for elemental speciation studies (1991)

Total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (TXRF) has been shown to be applicable when determining different oxidation states in a variety of compounds by the method of Kβ/Kα intensity ratioing. It has also been shown that by using TXRF it is possible to relate shifts in the intensity ratio to coordination bonding.
Fabrication and photoresponse of a pn-heterojunction diode composed of transparent oxide semiconductors, p-NiO and n-ZnO (2003)

Transparent trilayered oxide films of ZnO/NiO/indium tin oxide were heteroepitaxially grown on a YSZ (111) substrate by pulsed-laser deposition combined with a solid-phase-epitaxy technique, and were processed to fabricate a p-NiO/n-ZnO diode. The diode exhibited a clear rectifying I–V characteristic with an ideality factor of ∼2 and a forward threshold voltage of ∼1 V. Although the photoresponsivity was fairly weak at the zero-bias voltage, it was enhanced up to ∼0.3 A W−1 through the application of a reverse bias of −6 V under the irradiation of 360 nm light, a value comparable to that of commercial devices.
Chemical Synthesis of the Second Messenger Nicotinic Acid Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate by Total Synthesis of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (2004)

Signaling dinucleotides: The first single-isomer synthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) is reported. Installation and maintenance of sensitive phosphate and pyridinium functionalities were key to success. Significantly, conversion of NADP into the important mammalian second messenger NAADP was achieved. The graph shows the biological evaluation of the activity of the release of Ca2+ ions, which confirms the identity of NAADP.
General Soundtrack Analysis (2002)

An overview of work on broadcast soundtrack monitoring by the the Laboratory for Recognition and Organization of Speech and Audio, Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University.
Hsp27 knockdown using nucleotide-based therapies inhibit tumor growth and enhance chemotherapy in human bladder cancer cells (2007)

Heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) is a cytoprotective chaperone that is phosphoactivated during cell stress that prevents aggregation and/or regulate activity and degradation of certain client proteins. Recent evidence suggests that Hsp27 may be involved in tumor progression and the development of treatment resistance in various tumors, including bladder cancer. The purpose of this study was to examine, both in vitro and in vivo, the effects of overexpression of Hsp27 and, correspondingly, the down-regulation of Hsp27 using small interfering (si) RNA and OGX-427, a second-generation antisense oligonucleotide targeting Hsp27. Hsp27 overexpression increased UMUC-3 cell growth and resistance to paclitaxel. Both OGX-427 and Hsp27 siRNA decreased Hsp27 protein and mRNA levels by >90% in a dose- and sequence-specific manner in human bladder cancer UMUC-3 cells. OGX-427 or Hsp27 siRNA treatment induced apoptosis and enhanced sensitivity to paclitaxel in UMUC-3 cells. In vivo, OGX-427 significantly inhibited tumor growth in mice, enhanced sensitivity to paclitaxel, and induced significantly higher levels of apoptosis compared with xenografts treated with control oligonucleotides. Collectively, these findings suggest that Hsp27 knockdown with OGX-427 and combined therapy with paclitaxel could be a novel strategy to inhibit the progression of bladder cancer.
Touch the Wall: Comparison of Virtual and Augmented Reality with Conventional 2D Screen Eye-Hand Coordination Training Systems (2020)

Previous research on eye-hand coordination training systems has investigated user performance on a wall, 2D touchscreens, and in Virtual Reality (VR). In this paper, we designed an eye-hand coordination reaction test to investigate and compare user performance in three different virtual environments (VEs) – VR, Augmented Reality (AR), and a 2D touchscreen. VR and AR conditions also included two feedback conditions – mid-air and passive haptics. Results showed that compared to AR, participants were significantly faster and made fewer errors both in 2D and VR. However, compared to VR and AR, throughput performance of the participants was significantly higher in the 2D touchscreen condition. No significant differences were found between the two feedback conditions. The results show the importance of assessing precision and accuracy in eye-hand coordination training and suggest that it is currently not advisable to use AR headsets in such systems.
Section Reviews: Pulmonary-Allergy, Dermatological, Gastrointestinal & Arthnlis: New therapeutic approaches to atopic dermatitis (1996)

AbstractAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease which affects some 10 - 15% of the population during childhood. The prevalence of the disease is increasing and there are few, if any, current therapies which are directed at the underlying cause of the disease. A better understanding of the mechanisms of AD is starting to offer potential therapeutic approaches to this disease. The understanding of the role of cytokines in AD, in particular interleukin-4, interferon-gamma and tumour necrosis factor-alpha, has indicated several potential approaches, including inhibition of cytokine processing (matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors), inhibition of cytokine release (phosphodiesterase type IV inhibitors) and modulation of cytokine levels, as well as newer approaches to immunomodulation.
A COMPREHENSIVE ANESTHESIA PROTOCOL THAT EMPHASIZES PERIPHERAL NERVE BLOCKADE FOR TOTAL KNEE AND TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY (2005)

Hebl, James R. MD; Kopp, Sandra L. MD; Ali, Mir H. MD, PHD; Horlocker, Terese T. MD; Dilger, John A. MD; Lennon, Robert L. DO; Williams, Brent A. MS; Hanssen, Arlen D. MD; Pagnano, Mark W. MD Author Information