gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In vitro and in vivo therapeutic effects of anti-NCA90 (CEACAM6) and anti-CEA (CEACAM5) antibody fab fragments (2005)

691 Objective: CEA (CEACAM5) and NCA-90 (CEACAM6) are overexpressed in many types of cancer. We evaluated the anti-proliferation, anti-migration, anti-adhesion, and anti-invasion effects in vitro and the therapeutic effects in vivo of several antibodies targeting CEACAM6 and/or CEAMCAM5. Methods: In vitro studies were done on a panel of human pancreatic, breast and colonic cancer cell lines. Three antibodies (Abs) targeting different epitopes of NCA-90 and CEA were evaluated: MN-3 (N-domain), MN-15 (A1B1 domain), and MN-14 (A3B3 domain). Six in vitroassays were performed: growth inhibition by MTT, 3D spheroid assay, wound-healing migration assay, invasion through a membrane coated with extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, adhesion to ECM proteins, and adhesion to endothelial cells (ECs). In vivo therapy studies with Abs alone ± a chemotherapeutic agent were done with the GW-39 human colonic intrapulmonary metastatic model. Results: None of the Abs inhibited growth of the parental MCA38 cell line (CEA-/NCA-90-). Growth in monolayer culture of MCA38cea cells (CEA+/NCA-90-), LS174T, Moser, and BT-20 cells (CEA+/ NCA90+) were inhibited by 8.0-33.3%, depending on the cell line and Ab used. Growth in 3D spheroid culture was strongly inhibited by MN-3>MN-15. MN-3 also induced a >50% decrease in cell migration. MN-15 was most effective Ab at inhibiting invasion, reducing cell penetration by 50-60%. MN-15 also caused a reduction in binding to fibronectin in 3/5 cell lines without affecting binding to laminin or vitronectin. All three Abs were able to inhibit adhesion of tumor cells to ECs by 15-96%, depending on the Ab and cell line. In vivo studies showed that pretreatment of GW-39 cells with MN-3 or MN-15 Fab increased host survival (P
Process modelling of anionically polymerised polyamide-6 for application in thermoplastic reactive resin transfer moulding (R-RTM) (2019)

The reactive processing of thermoplastics holds great promise for the rapid manufacture of tough composites for semi-structural applications, especially in the automotive sector. Anionically Polymerised Polyamide-6 (APA6) is a leading candidate for reactive processing among thermoplastics which forms the focus of this work. However, the reactive pathway for the in situ formation of thermoplastic composites is yet to be exploited commercially. A significant roadblock to their use is a lack of system understanding and poor reproducibility in terms of properties and degree of conversion. In this, in situ processing of thermoplastics is a particular complication from the traditional manufacture of thermosets or melt processing of thermoplastics due to interplay of the variables: conversion, crystallinity, and viscosity. As processing is ideally conducted below the final melting temperature of the matrix (to both significantly reduce the time to solidification and the thermal degradation of the matrix), the ring opening polymerisation of the monomer, and the crystallisation of these newly formed polymer chains occurs simultaneously. The degree and effect of this interplay defines the final monomer conversion and polymer crystallinity and ultimately the mechanical properties of the composite. This work presents modelling activities undertaken through the following of the thermal process of the reaction by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), fitting kinetic and crystallisation models, and developing a so-called Time-Temperature Transformation (TTT) diagram to aid in process design and parameter selection. An example TTT diagram is shown in Fig. 1. These models are then compared to thermal profile and properties of a composite part manufactured through Reactive-Resin Transfer Moulding (R-RTM) of the APA6 system. This work presents a methodology for the generation of these TTT diagrams as well as highlights further complications in regards to the modelling of the system, most significantly its sensitivity to oxygen, moisture, and catalyst aging.
Disequilibrium of BMP2 Levels in the Breast Stem Cell Niche Launches Epithelial Transformation by Overamplifying BMPR1B Cell Response (2015)

Understanding the mechanisms of cancer initiation will help to prevent and manage the disease. At present, the role of the breast microenvironment in transformation remains unknown. As BMP2 and BMP4 are important regulators of stem cells and their niches in many tissues, we investigated their function in early phases of breast cancer. BMP2 production by tumor microenvironment appeared to be specifically upregulated in luminal tumors. Chronic exposure of immature human mammary epithelial cells to high BMP2 levels initiated transformation toward a luminal tumor-like phenotype, mediated by the receptor BMPR1B. Under physiological conditions, BMP2 controlled the maintenance and differentiation of early luminal progenitors, while BMP4 acted on stem cells/myoepithelial progenitors. Our data also suggest that microenvironment-induced overexpression of BMP2 may result from carcinogenic exposure. We reveal a role for BMP2 and the breast microenvironment in the initiation of stem cell transformation, thus providing insight into the etiology of luminal breast cancer.
CramÉr–Rao Bound Analysis of Distributed Positioning in Sensor Networks (2004)

In future applications of sensor networking technology, it is envisioned that nodes will be able to determine their geographical position by measuring the range differences between one another in a collaborative fashion. The aim of this letter is to provide quantitative expressions that can be used both to facilitate an understanding for why such distributed positioning works and to assess the ultimately achievable accuracy in practice. Specifically, we compute the Crame/spl acute/r-Rao bound on the positioning accuracy, under different assumptions on the network synchronization. Numerical examples illustrate our results.
Bilateral versus unilateral cataract extraction: advantages and complications. (1978)

Cataract extraction was performed on 734 patients. These were followed up postoperatively for up to 1 year. In 448 cases the extraction was performed in both eyes during 1 operating session (896 eyes) and in 1 eye in 286 cases, a total of 1182 cataract extractions. Preoperatively more than 75% of the eyes in both groups had perception of light only. Postoperatively more than 85% of eyes in both groups achieved a visual acuity of 6/30 or better. The postoperative visual performance of an eye was not influenced by the mode of operation, bilateral or unilateral. The overall incidence of complications among the 1182 operated eyes was: accidental extra-capsular cataract extraction 10.2%, vitreous loss 11.0%, hyphaema 1.4%, flat anterior chamber 0.9%, dehiscence of the wound 0.5%, uveitis 1.2%, endophthalmitis 0.3%, secondary glaucoma 0.9%, severe bullous keratopathy 1.4%, oedema of the macula 0.5%, and retinal detachment 0.3%. The complications in both groups of patients were comparable. Only in 1 case operated in both eyes vision was not restored following a bilateral endophthalmitis.
Characterization of PECVD silicon nitride photonic components at 532 and 900 nm wavelength (2014)

Low temperature PECVD silicon nitride photonic waveguides have been fabricated by both electron beam lithography and 200 mm DUV lithography. Propagation losses and bend losses were both measured at 532 and 900 nm wavelength, revealing sub 1dB/cm propagation losses for cladded waveguides at both wavelengths for single mode operation. Without cladding, propagation losses were measured to be in the 1-3 dB range for 532 nm and remain below 1 dB/cm for 900 nm for single mode waveguides. Bend losses were measured for 532 nm and were well below 0.1 dB per 90 degree bend for radii larger than 10 μm.
Conformational Flexibility of Metalloporphyrin Skeletons As Studied by Racemization Profiles of Chiral meso-Substituted Metalloporphyrins with Molecular Asymmetry (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConformational Flexibility of Metalloporphyrin Skeletons As Studied by Racemization Profiles of Chiral meso-Substituted Metalloporphyrins with Molecular AsymmetryKatsuaki Konishi, Yoshiki Mori, Takuzo Aida, and Shohei InoueCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1995, 34, 5, 1292–1294Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00109a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00109a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views114Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Bounds for optimum multiuser DS-CDMA systems (2002)

In this paper, we evaluate the performance of optimum multiuser detection by union bounding techniques for a large number of users. It is a difficult task to analytically compute the average bit error probability of multiuser DS-CDMA systems. In this paper we aim to use bounds to accurately evaluate the optimal performance of a multiuser DS-CDMA system, both synchronous and asynchronous. We present a general algorithm to compute the partial distance spectrum of the multiuser system. Numerical results for both systems with binary random signature waveforms of length 31 are used to illustrate the method. It has been found that the optimal bounds for the asynchronous system have a lower bit error probability (BEP) than synchronous systems. Focus is given to two areas namely 1) computing bit error probability (BEP) given a particular correlation matrix, 2) applying optimal conditional importance sampling and computing bit error probability for randomly generated correlation matrices.
Durability of SRP Waste Glass - Effects of Pressure and Formation of Surface Layers (2001)

This report discusses results of an assessment of pressure at anticipated storage temperature on the chemical durability of Savannah River Plant waste glass. Surface interactions were also examined and corrosion mechanisms discussed.
Cardiovascular magnetization transfer ratio imaging compared with histology: A postmortem study (2013)

Cardiovascular magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) imaging by steady state free precession is a promising imaging method to assess microstructural changes within the myocardium. Hence, MTR imaging was correlated to histological analysis. Three postmortem cases were selected based on a suspicion of myocardial infarction. MTR and T2 -weighted (T2w ) imaging was performed, followed by autopsy and histological analysis. All tissue abnormalities, identified by autopsy or histology, were retrospectively selected on visually matched MTR and T2w images, and corresponding MTR values compared with normal appearing tissue. Regions of elevated MTR (up to approximately 20%, as compared to normal tissue), appearing hypo-intense in T2w -images, revealed the presence of fibrous tissue in microscopic histological analysis. Macroscopic observation (autopsy) described scar tissue only in one case. Regions of reduced MTR (up to approximately 20%) corresponded either to (i) the presence of edema, appearing hyperintense in T2w -images and confirmed by autopsy, or to (ii) inflammatory granulocyte infiltration at a microscopic level, appearing as hypo-intense T2w -signal, but not observed by autopsy. Findings from cardiovascular MTR imaging corresponded to histology results. In contrast to T2w -imaging, MTR imaging discriminated between normal myocardium, scar tissue and regions of acute myocardial infarction in all three cases.
Side-view Rotational Alignment Method for Trench-assisted 4-core Fibers (2022)

A trench-assisted 4-core fiber has been successfully aligned in fusion splicing by determining an optimal focus position of a fusion splicer and matching the two fibers at the marker using a side-view rotational alignment method.
Performance analysis of the least squares based LTI channel identification algorithm using random matrix methods (2011)

This paper presents a performance analysis of the least squares (LS) based estimation of a linear time-invariant (LTI) channel. Given the inputs to a finite impulse response (FIR) channel and the channel outputs corrupted by noise, the channel impulse response is estimated using the Recursive LS (RLS) algorithm. The analysis found in the literature relies on the assumption that the expectation of the inverse of the sample covariance matrix is approximately equal to the scaled inverse of the true covariance matrix, which holds true when the number of observations is very large. To characterize the performance of the algorithm when the number of observations is small to moderate, some results from the theory of large dimensional random matrices are exploited. The expressions for the mean square value of the channel estimation and signal prediction errors are derived. These expressions closely match the results obtained from the simulations. It is also shown that at lower signal-to-noise ratios (SNR), a deterioration in the performance appears when the number of observations is around the channel length. This effect, which owns its manifestation to the very nature of the RLS algorithm, is explained and theoretically characterized.
Antiestrogens. 3. Estrogen receptor affinities and antiproliferative effects in MCF-7 cells of phenolic analogs of trioxifene, [3,4-dihydro-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-naphthalenyl][4-[2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)ethoxy]phenyl[methanone (1992)

Benzothiophenes 3 and 4, derived from the acrylophenone antiestrogen trioxifene (2), are characterized by high estrogen receptor (ER) affinity and low residual estrogenicity compared to tamoxifen (1a). In order to characterize further the growth suppression mechanism for these structural types we have prepared structural variants of 2 bearing hydroxy groups positioned to maximize ER affinity. Thus, dihydronaphthalenes 5 and 6 and benzofluorenes 7 and 8 were prepared and studied in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, in comparison with 3 and 4. All compounds were powerful suppressants of cell growth, with 50% inhibition ranging from 4.5 to 160 nM. Greatest potency was seen with diphenols 6 and 8. These compounds had intracellular ER affinities ranging from 0.2 to 4.1% of that of estradiol, suggestive of a potential for partial agonist effects. Simultaneous exposure of cells to 0.1 microM concentrations of estradiol and 3 or 4 did not affect the degree of growth inhibition seen with 0.1 microM 3 or 4 alone. Partial reversal of inhibition occurred when 0.1 microM 5-8 were each accompanied by 0.1 microM estradiol. Under these conditions complete reversal of growth inhibition has been found with 1a, 1b, and other triarylethylenes. Calmodulin, a putative target for triarylethylenes, and which is antagonized by 1a, was shown to interact weakly with 7 and 8 and not at all with 3-6. These results suggest that MCF-7 cell growth suppression by 3-8 may be due to interaction with unidentified receptors besides ER and extend earlier findings indicating that events occurring after interaction of these compounds with ER differ from those of triarylethylene antiestrogens.
Quantum computing (2003)

In a conventional computer, information is represented by quantities that obey the laws of classical physics, such as the voltage levels in a logic circuit. But as the size of microelectronics shrinks, the underlying quantum physics will eventually become important. In the early 1980s this observation led Benioff and later Feynman to consider how to compute with information represented by quantum mechanical quantities. For example, an atomic electron has certain quantum states of motion with energies that are discrete or quantized. An electron in one of these states could be used to represent a binary 0 and when it is in a second, to represent a binary 1. A two-state quantum system that is used to store a single bit of information has come to be known as a qubit. (Other examples of qubits include: the two distinct polarizations of a photon or single particle of light; and the orientation of the intrinsic angular momentum or spin of an atomic nucleus, which can be either parallel or antiparallel to an applied magnetic field.)
Mutant huntingtin alters MAPK signaling pathways in PC12 and striatal cells: ERK1/2 protects against mutant huntingtin-associated toxicity (2005)

Huntington's disease (HD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) tract within the huntingtin protein (Htt). Identifying the pathways that are altered in response to the mutant protein is crucial for understanding the cellular processes impacted by the disease as well as for the rational development of effective pharmacological interventions. Here, expression profiling of a cellular HD model identifies genes that implicate altered mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. Targeted biochemical studies and pharmacological modulation of these MAPK pathways suggest that mutant Htt affects signaling at upstream points such that both ERK and JNK are activated. Modulation of the ERK pathway suggests that this pathway is associated with cell survival, whereas inhibition of JNK was found to effectively suppress pathogenesis. These studies suggest that pharmacological intervention in MAPK pathways, particularly at the level of ERK activation, may be an appropriate approach to HD therapy.
Iris detection method using particle filter and edge directional features (2010)

In this paper, we propose an eye detection method that is adaptive to facial rotation, using a particle filter and edge directional features. To estimate the boundary between the iris and sclera or eyelid, the gradient intensities are calculated by 4 directional Prewitt filters in 4 regions. The likelihood used in the particle filter is obtained by averaging the gradient intensities for the specific direction in the 4 regions and the upper eyelid area. Moreover, incorrect detection is avoided by using the facial rotation angle and the eye distance, derived from the positional information of both eyes. From experimental results, the average detection rate of both eyes for facial rotation angles between −15° and 15° is 95.3 %. In addition, the rejection function, reflecting incorrect eye detection, provides a 2.8 % increment in the detection rate for both eyes. The experimental results show that the proposed eye detection method is robust to changes in facial rotation.
Endothelial Cells Expressing an Inflammatory Phenotype Are Lysed by Superantigen-Targeted Cytotoxic T Cells (1998)

The objective of this study was to investigate whether the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA), which binds to HLA class II and T-cell receptor Vbeta chains, can direct cytotoxic T cells to lyse cytokine-stimulated endothelial cells (EC). In addition, we wanted to determine whether SEA-primed cytotoxic T cells could be targeted to EC surface molecules as a means of a novel cancer immunotherapy. Human umbilical vein EC (HUVEC), dermal microvascular EC (HMVEC), or the EC line EA.hy926 stimulated with gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) displayed upregulated HLA class II and adhesion molecule (CD54 and CD106) expression, respectively. SEA-primed T cells induced a strong cytotoxicity against IFN-gamma- and TNF-alpha-activated EA.hy926 which had been preincubated with SEA. Blocking of CD54 completely abrogated the T-cell attack. SEA-D227A, which has a mutated class II binding site, did not promote any cytotoxicity. A strong lysis was observed when a fusion protein consisting of protein A and SEA-D227A was added together with T cells to TNF-alpha-induced EA.hy926 and HUVEC precoated with monoclonal antibodies (MAb) directed against HLA class I, CD54, or CD106 molecules. Finally, an scFv antibody fragment reactive with an unknown EC antigen was fused with SEA-D227A. Both EA.hy926 and HMVEC were efficiently lysed by scFv-SEA-D227A-triggered cytotoxic T cells. Taken together, superantigen-activated T-cell-dependent EC killing was induced when EC expressed an inflammatory phenotype. Moreover, specific MAb targeting of the superantigen to surface antigens induced EC lysis. Our data suggest that directed T-cell-mediated lysis of unwanted proliferating EC, such as those in the tumor microvasculature, can be clinically useful.
Inhibition of PSD95‐nNOS protein–protein interactions decreases morphine reward and relapse vulnerability in rats (2022)

Glutamate signalling through the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activates the enzyme neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) to produce the signalling molecule nitric oxide (NO). We hypothesized that disruption of the protein-protein interaction between nNOS and the scaffolding protein postsynaptic density 95 kDa (PSD95) would block NMDAR-dependent NO signalling and represent a viable therapeutic route to decrease opioid reward and relapse-like behaviour without the unwanted side effects of NMDAR antagonists. We used a conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm to evaluate the impact of two small-molecule PSD95-nNOS inhibitors, IC87201 and ZL006, on the rewarding effects of morphine. Both IC87201 and ZL006 blocked morphine-induced CPP at doses that lacked intrinsic rewarding or aversive properties. Furthermore, in vivo fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) was used to ascertain the impact of ZL006 on morphine-induced increases in dopamine (DA) efflux in the nucleus accumbens shell (NAc shell) evoked by electrical stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle (MFB). ZL006 attenuated morphine-induced increases in DA efflux at a dose that did not have intrinsic effects on DA transmission. We also employed multiple intravenous drug self-administration approaches to examine the impact of ZL006 on the reinforcing effects of morphine. Interestingly, ZL006 did not alter acquisition or maintenance of morphine self-administration, but reduced lever pressing in a morphine relapse test after forced abstinence. Our results provide behavioural and neurochemical support for the hypothesis that inhibition of PSD95-nNOS protein-protein interactions decreases morphine reward and relapse-like behaviour, highlighting a previously unreported application for these novel therapeutics in the treatment of opioid addiction.