gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Near-field structure of acoustic excited jet diffusion flames (1997)

The near-field structure of jet diffusion flames excited by a speaker has been investigated to make clear the mechanism of flame stabilization obtained by the excitation. Vortices in flames induced by the excitation were visualized using laser sheet method. We have developed a new seeding method of scattering particles for the laser sheet method. This method uses the combustion of a magnesium ribbon and oxygen to produce smoky magnesium oxide particles of a mean size of 0.6 H m. Particles seeded distribute densely and uniformly. This method is applicable not only to laser sheet visualization but also to laser Doppler velocimeter and concentration measurement. Experiments revealed that the acoustic excitation lifts flames off under the stretch effect of large scale vortices, but the higher frequency excitation leads to the reattachment of lifted flames. This phenomenon has been reproduced by a numerical approach under the axisymmetric assumption. Consequently, the vortex push mechanism of flame propagation caused by small-scale vortex rings has been clarified. Moreover, the laser sheet visualization unveiled azimuthal structures attributed to streamwise vortices. Roles of baroclinic torque and pressure pushes to the flame stabilization, related to the azimuthal structures, have been also discussed.
Efficacy of L-asparaginase loaded red blood cells combined with gemcitabine on pancreatic cancer. (2010)

e14666 Background: Tumor cells deficient in asparagine synthetase (ASNS) are unable to synthesize enough L-asparagine (Asn) to meet metabolic demands and, therefore, depend upon circulating Asn in the plasma for survival. L-asparaginase, which depletes Asn, has been used in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) for over 30 years, since the majority of such tumors are deficient in ASNS. Recent evidence suggests that a subset of pancreatic tumors are deficient in ASNS, providing rationale for testing L-asparaginase against such tumors. However, L-asparaginase is associated with high immunogenicity and severe side effects. Therefore, it has been shown in patients with ALL, that L-asparaginase loaded into red blood cells (GRASPA) allows to strongly reduce side effects and to improve L-asparaginase pharmacokinetics. Methods: In this study, we first evaluated the in vitro cytotoxicity of L-asparaginase and gemcitabine, alone or combined, on 4 human pancreatic cell lines: AsPC-1, BxPC-3, MIA-PaCa-2 and PANC-1. Two of those lines were selected for follow-up in vivo studies: PANC-1 cell viability was synergistically reduced by pre-incubation of gemcitabine for 24 hours before addition of L-asparaginase, and BxPC- 3 cells did not proliferate in a free L-asparagine medium. In a second step, using a metastasis mouse model, luciferase-labeled PANC-1 or BxPC-3 cells were injected into nude mice intraperitoneally. Four days later, mice received either a single IV injection of GRASPA (200 IU/kg), three IV injections of gemcitabine (3 × 100 mg/kg) at 7 day intervals, or a combination of both drugs on the latter treatment schedule. Control mice received only vehicle(s). Tumor cell spreading was determined by bioluminescence imaging up to 63 days. Results: Preliminary results showed that combination treatment (GRASPA + gemcitabine) delayed metastasis development in PANC-1 and BxPC-3 models when compared to gemcitabine alone. Conclusions: RBC-loaded L-asparaginase in combination with gemcitabine is a promising treatment for pancreatic cancer. A phase I clinical trial to evaluate the safety of GRASPA is under enrollment and a biomarker assay for ASNS expression is being developed for patient stratification. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration ERYtech Pharma M. D. Anderson Cancer Center ERYtech Pharma
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF LEU‐ENKEPHALINS MODIFIED AT GLY2‐GLY3 NITROGENS (1981)

Abstract Die Titelverbindungen (II), (IVb) und (VIIIb) werden synthetisiert: 1. (II) ist durch Kondensation (DCC‐Methode) des geschützten Dipeptids (Ia) mit Gly‐Phe‐Leu‐methylester (A‐O‐Me) [‐ (Ib)] und nachfolgende Deblockierung erhältlich.
A Finite Element Model for Oven Aged Tires (2005)

Abstract A finite element kinetic model has been developed to interpret issues related to accelerated aging of tires. The model is based on the Basic Autoxidation Scheme and incorporates mass transport limitations related to diffusion of oxygen into the layered elastomer system. The effect of aging on transport properties, such as diffusivity, due to changes in crosslink density is also considered in the model. The extent of oxidation is calculated at different locations within the tire as a function of time, temperature, and inflation media. The extent of oxidation predicted by the model is compared to experimentally derived data such as oxygen content, crosslink density, elongation‐to‐break, and modulus variation.
DVC interneuron cGAL driver in Caenorhabditis elegans (2019)

cGAL, a recently developed temperature-robust bipartite GAL4-UAS system in C. elegans, consists of two components: a cGAL “driver” that expresses the cGAL protein in specific cells using a promoter (i.e. neuron-specific or tissue-specific), and an “effector” that carries a gene of interest downstream of UAS (Wang et al., 2017). Crossing or combining a driver with an effector leads to the expression of the gene of interest in a cell-specific or tissue-specific manner.&#13;\n&#13;\nHere we report a new cGAL driver for the DVC interneuron. The ceh-63 promoter was chosen due to its restricted expression in the DVC neuron (Feng et al. 2012). The DVC interneuron driver construct containing the ceh-63 promoter (646 bp upstream of ATG translation start site) was injected into N2 and an integrated DVC driver line was generated. When crossed with the UAS-GFP effector strain (PS6843), the ceh-63 cGAL driver dictated GFP expression in the single DVC neuron (Figure 1), in addition to GFP in the coelomocyte from Punc-122::gfp co-injection marker. We did not observe GFP expression in uterus as reported by Feng et al., 2012.
Role of the Gonads in the Histologic Aging of the Hypothalamic Arcuate Nucleus1 (1981)

The effect of aging on microglial and astrocytic activity in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus was measured in young and middle-aged Wistar rats and C57BL/6J mice. These putative correlates of neuronal degeneration increased significantly between 6 and 14 months of age in intact female and male rats, and between 4 and 13 months in female mice. Although astrocytic activity increased steadily between 4, 8.5, and 14 months in female rats, microglial activity did not increase until 14 months.
Vector modulation using EA modulator (2017)

We present a method to achieve vector modulation in an electroabsorption modulator with help of a directly modulated laser. We discuss the challenges involved and demonstrate the combined phase and amplitude modulation theoretically and experimentally using a commercial electroabsorption modulator integrated laser.
VeLO: Training Versatile Learned Optimizers by Scaling Up (2022)

While deep learning models have replaced hand-designed features across many domains, these models are still trained with hand-designed optimizers. In this work, we leverage the same scaling approach behind the success of deep learning to learn versatile optimizers. We train an optimizer for deep learning which is itself a small neural network that ingests gradients and outputs parameter updates. Meta-trained with approximately four thousand TPU-months of compute on a wide variety of optimization tasks, our optimizer not only exhibits compelling performance, but optimizes in interesting and unexpected ways. It requires no hyperparameter tuning, instead automatically adapting to the specifics of the problem being optimized. We open source our learned optimizer, meta-training code, the associated train and test data, and an extensive optimizer benchmark suite with baselines at velo-code.github.io.
Low-Threshold-Voltage HfOxN p-Channel Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors with Partially Silicided Platinum Gate Electrode (2006)

HfOxN p-channel metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) with a low threshold voltage (|Vth|) were successfully fabricated using a partially silicided (PASI) platinum gate electrode for scaled complementary MOS (CMOS). The PASI platinum (PASI-PtSi) gate electrode is composed of a monoclinic-Pt3Si phase in the vicinity of a HfOxN dielectric. The reduced silicon content of the PASI gate electrodes is effective in suppressing the Fermi-level pinning on the Hf-based gate dielectrics which induces a significant |Vth| shift in p-channel MOSFETs. It is shown that the |Vth| of HfOxN p-channel MOSFETs with the PASI-PtSi gate electrode is sufficiently low and applicable to low-standby-power devices. The mobility of the holes at 0.8 MV/cm is as high as about 90% of the universal mobility. It is concluded that the PASI technology in which the gate electrode has a reduced silicon content is useful for scaled CMOSs.
A study of spectrum of rheumatic heart disease in a tertiary care hospital in Central Nepal (2017)

RHD is a leading cause of heart failure among young populations with requirement of prolonged duration of medical treatment and many of them requiring surgery.
Establishing a system for the study of urethral biomechanical function (2003)

By applying experimental concepts and principles originally established in the study of blood vessel biomechanics, we are exploring various aspects of lower urinary tract function, dysfunction, and treatment effects on tissue properties and performance. We demonstrate here the feasibility of using a modified ex vivo vascular perfusion apparatus for urethral functional studies. Through administration of various pharmacologic agents, and against applied luminal pressures, we demonstrate control over urethral smooth and striated muscle contractile elements. The ability to measure such physiologic responses provides the basis for performing novel functional studies pertaining to the role of each component in overall urethral function and biomechanics. Therefore, the use of this system to evaluate ex vivo physiology and biomechanical properties will advance the understanding of underlying principles of both normal and abnormal urethral function.
Photocurrent and Persistent Photoconductivity in Zinc Oxide Thin-Film Transistors under Ultraviolet-Light Irradiation (2011)

The photocurrent and photoconductive decay of the bottom-gate zinc oxide thin-film transistors (ZnO TFTs) under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation were investigated. A light-shield was formed on the TFTs to generate photoexcited carriers in a limited portion of the channel. It was found that the UV-light irradiated portion in the channel influenced not only the photocurrent but also the photoconductive decay of the ZnO TFTs. On the basis of the experimental and device simulation results, it is safe to say that the positive charges accumulated near the source region play a key role in determining both the photocurrent and photoconductive decay of the ZnO TFTs.
Planar resonant series-fed arrays (1997)

A new approach for designing two-dimensional series-fed arrays is proposed in which each radiating element is connected in series to its adjacent elements. The power is injected into the central element and as it travels outwards excites other array elements, resulting in a two-dimensional illumination of the array aperture. At the operating frequency, the interconnecting line segments and radiating patches are designed to be resonant. Thus, provided they are identical in size, their resonances interfere and generate a global resonance over the aperture that causes equal radiation from all the patches. Shaping the radiation pattern is also possible by modifying the patch dimensions at appropriate locations in the array. Consequently, the proposed two-dimensional arrays represent a class of resonant series-fed arrays that are straightforward to feed and useful for illuminating medium-size arrays.
Earlier post-operative hypocortisolemia may predict durable remission from Cushing’s disease (2018)

In our cohort, early, profound hypocortisolemia could be used as a clinical prediction tool for durable remission. Achievement of hypocortisolemia ≤2 µg/dL before 21 post-operative hours appeared to accurately predict durable remission in the intermediate term.
Application of Periodic Disturbance Observer for Periodic Transfer Variances on Timing Belt Drives (2002)

歯付ベルト駆動は, 各種自動化機器のサーボ駆動系に広く用いられている。しかし, 歯付ベルト駆動系にはベルト1周期当りの心線数の変化や軸の偏心, 歯とプーリのかみ合いなどによる周期的な伝達変動が生じる。本研究では速度制御における周期的な伝達変動を制御的な手法を用いて抑圧する。従来のI-P制御では変動の抑圧のために制御ゲインをあげることが考えられるが, それによって駆動系の弾性, モデル化誤差などで制御系が不安定になりやすい問題がある。そこで変動トルクを外乱とみなし, 外乱オブザーバによって推定し, それによる外乱を補償することで効果的に伝達変動を抑える結果が得られた。
Suppl Figs 4+5 from Intrathecal Viral Vector Delivery of Trastuzumab Prevents or Inhibits Tumor Growth of Human HER2-Positive Xenografts in Mice (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Anti-IgG immunofluorescence of tumor cryosections&lt;/p&gt;
In-situ measurement of bound states in the continuum in photonic crystal slabs(Conference Presentation) (2016)

Photonic crystal slabs have been subject to research for more than a decade, yet the existence of bound states in the radiation continuum (BICs) in photonic crystals has been reported only recently [1]. A BIC is formed when the radiation from all possible channels interferes destructively, causing the overall radiation to vanish. In photonic crystals, BICs are the result of accidental phase matching between incident, reflected and in-plane waves at seemingly random wave vectors [2]. While BICs in photonic crystals have been discussed previously using reflection measurements, we reports for the first time in-situ measurements of the bound states in the continuum in photonic crystal slabs. By embedding a photodetector into a photonic crystal slab we were able to directly observe optical BICs. The photonic crystal slabs are processed from a GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells heterostructure, providing intersubband absorption in the mid-infrared wavelength range. The generated photocurrent is collected via doped contact layers on top and bottom of the suspended photonic crystal slab. We were mapping out the photonic band structure by rotating the device and by acquiring photocurrent spectra every 5°. Our measured photonic bandstructure revealed several BICs, which was confirmed with a rigorously coupled-wave analysis simulation. Since coupling to external fields is suppressed, the photocurrent measured by the photodetector vanishes at the BIC wave vector. To confirm the relation between the measured photocurrent and the Q-factor we used temporal coupled mode theory, which yielded an inverse proportional relation between the photocurrent and the out-coupling loss from the photonic crystal. Implementing a plane wave expansion simulation allowed us to identify the corresponding photonic crystal modes. The ability to directly measure the field intensity inside the photonic crystal presents an important milestone towards integrated opto-electronic BIC devices. Potential applications range include nonlinear optics, nano-optics, sensing and optical computing. This research was supported by the Austrian Science Fund FWF (Grant No. F2503-N17), the PLATON project 35N, the “Gesellschaft für Mikro- und Nanoelektronik” GMe and the European Research Council (Grant no. 639109). [1] C.W. Hsu et al. “Observation of trapped light within the radiation continuum”, Nature 499, 188 (2013) [2] Y. Yang Y et al., “Analytical Perspective for Bound States in the Continuum in Photonic Crystal Slabs”, Phys Rev Lett 113, 037401 (2014)
Materials Tribology: Reliability of Electrical Contacts. (2015)

Abstract not provided.
Supplementary Figure Legends from Anticancer Activity of a Novel Selective CYP17A1 Inhibitor in Preclinical Models of Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure Legends.&lt;/p&gt;
Extraction and Visualization of Structural Information Based on FDG-PET Images (2017)

In this paper, we investigate the methods to express the structural information such as tube-like shape or isolated region based on fluoro-deoxy glucose(FDG) PET images and its visualization. To extract the human structural information, we calculate the curvatures of two types. One is calculated by Hessian matrix, the other is based on the four dimensional hyper-surface of FDG-PET images. There are three curvatures through each calculations, and these curvatures express original structures such as the linear shape and isolation degree. Using by these features, we extract the abnormal regions which include doubtful cancer. For the visualization, we propose to construct the newly image, that is the extracted abnormal regions are superimposed on the ordinary image which used for diagnosis of cancer. Moreover, we evaluate each abnormal regions from the view point such as the statistical FDG accumulation or the shape information, and we certify the effectiveness of out methods in the diagnosis of cancer.
A functionally separated nanoimprinting material tailored for homeotropic liquid crystal alignment (2008)

In order to homeotropically align liquid crystals (LCs) at the nanosized surface grooves processed by nanoimprint lithography technology (NIL), we propose to design a hybrid-type homeotropic polymer material consisting of two distinct moieties with largely different thermo-mechanical properties and surface activity. Surface contact angle measurements and sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy allow us to conclude that the polymer film is a functionally separated composite suitable for the homeotropic LC alignment processed by NIL. As one of the potential applications using the hybrid-type homeotropic polymer, we demonstrate that the nanoimprinted grooves at the polymer surface can achieve a zenithal nematic LC bistability.
Lithium‐ion battery power degradation modelling by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (2017)

This study investigates the use of the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique as an alternative to the DC pulses technique for estimating the power capability decrease of lithium‐ion batteries during calendar ageing. On the basis of results obtained from calendar ageing tests performed at different conditions during 1–2 years, a generalised model that estimates the battery power capability decrease as function of the resistance Rs increase (obtained from EIS) was proposed and successfully verified.
Cyclic Alkenenitriles: Copper-Catalyzed Deconjugative α-Alkylation (2016)

An amido cuprate formed from CuCN and LDA allows a general deconjugative α-alkylation of cyclic alkenenitriles. Deprotonating cyclic alkenenitriles with LDA-CuCN avoids polymerization that otherwise plagues these alkylations and generates a reactive metalated nitrile for alkylations with a range of carbon and heteroatom electrophiles. The strategy provides an effective synthesis of quaternary 5-, 6-, and 7-membered cycloalk-1-enecarbonitriles substituted on the nitrile-bearing carbon.
Data‐Processing Workflow for Relative Quantification from Label‐Free and Isobaric Labeling‐Based Untargeted Shotgun Proteomics: From Database Search to Differential Expression Analysis (2022)

This chapter aims to introduce the principal bases of the commonly used data processing workflow for identification and quantification of proteins, toward the goal of improving relative quantification from untargeted label-free or isobaric labeling workflows for shotgun proteomics. Parameters for database search and considerations for quantification workflows, especially imputation and normalization, will be discussed with examples from literature. As most of these data processing methods are well established or reviewed within the LC-MS proteomics literature, these methods should also be transferred and adapted to proteomics research using CE-MS. While this chapter is targeted toward newcomers to proteomics, some of the points are also raised for experts in the field to consider.
Next generation gamma-ray Cherenkov detectors for the National Ignition Facility (2016)

The newest generation of Gas Cherenkov Detector (GCD-3) employed in Inertial Confinement Fusion experiments at the Omega Laser Facility has provided improved performance over previous generations. Comparison of reaction histories measured using two different deuterium-tritium fusion products, namely gamma rays using GCD and neutrons using Neutron Temporal Diagnostic (NTD), have provided added credibility to both techniques. GCD-3 is now being brought to the National Ignition Facility (NIF) to supplement the existing Gamma Reaction History (GRH-6m) located 6 m from target chamber center (TCC). Initially it will be located in a reentrant well located 3.9 m from TCC. Data from GCD-3 will inform the design of a heavily-shielded "Super" GCD to be located as close as 20 cm from TCC. It will also provide a test-bed for faster optical detectors, potentially lowering the temporal resolution from the current ∼100 ps state-of-the-art photomultiplier tubes (PMT) to ∼10 ps Pulse Dilation PMT technology currently under development.
Comparison of Graphite and BN/AlN Annealing Caps for Ion Implanted SiC (2007)

4H-SiC samples implanted with 1020 Al were annealed at various temperatures with a BN/AlN or graphite cap, and there morphological, structural, and electrical properties are compared. No blow holes were observed in either cap. Some Si out-diffuses through the graphite cap which results in a rougher surface and a structurally modified region near the surface. The BN/AlN cap annealed at 1800°C cannot be readily removed, whereas the graphite cap can be removed easily after any annealing temperature. The sheet resistances for both types of samples were about the same.
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Functionalized 5-(4-arylpiperazin-1-yl)-N-Quinolinyl-pentanamides as Selective Dopamine D3 Receptor Ligands (2021)

Abstract Dopamine ( 1 ) plays a key role in normal physiological pathways in both the central nervous system and the periphery. The physiological impact of this neurotransmitter is mediated through its interaction with family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). These receptors are designated as D 1 , D 2 , D 3 , D 4 , and D 5 and divided into two sub-families, the D 1 -like sub-family (D 1 and D 5 ) and D 2 -like sub-family (D 2 , D 3 and D 4 ) based on pharmacological properties, amino acid homology, and genetic organization. Aberrant D 3 activity has been linked to multiple diseases and conditions such as depression, schizophrenia, substance use disorder, inflammatory diseases, and Parkinson’s disease (PD). As part of our on-going program focused on the identification of novel D 3 ligands, we have identified a novel series of 5-(4-arylpiperazin-1-yl)-N-quinolinyl-pentanamides that are high affinity ligands for this receptor.
Miniaturized Radio Frequency Choke Using Modified Stubs for High Isolation in MIMO Systems (2015)

In this paper, a miniaturized radio frequency choke (RFC) using modified stubs is proposed to improve isolation characteristics in a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system. The proposed RFC, based on the LC resonance, is designed to suppress the leakage current that leads to the degradation of antenna diversity performances in the MIMO antenna configuration. The proposed RFC is composed of two open stubs that are implemented on the top of the ground plane and miniaturized by adding a slit structure on the ground plane. The MIMO antennas are also designed to verify isolation performance in the LTE 2300 band (2,300-2,400 MHz). The MIMO antennas perform well with low reflection coefficient characteristics and high isolation characteristics in the whole LTE 2300 band. To evaluate the isolation in the MIMO system, the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) is calculated, and the value is less than 0.08. The achieved ECC is regarded as a reasonable result for improving isolation performance in the frequency range of 2,300-2,400 MHz; also, radiation patterns of antenna elements are maintained regardless of the presence of RFC.