gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mixed Metal Phosphorous Oxides: Prospects for Secondary Lithium Based Batteries (2015)

Cathode materials containing phosphate have met with success in lithium based batteries, with a notable example being lithium iron phosphate, LiFePO 4 . A recent focus for our research has been the investigation of bimetallic phosphates (MM’P x O y , where M n+ = Ag, Cu), motivated by the desire to obtain the stability observed in phosphate based cathode materials and the opportunity for multiple electron transfers per formula unit due to the bimetallic composition of the materials. Our initial electrochemical studies focused on Ag 2 VO 2 PO 4 where the material provided a discharge capacity of 272 mAh/g and high current pulse capability. In-situ formation of silver nanoparticles upon initiation of reduction was accompanied by a 15,000 fold increase in cathode conductivity. Our paradigm of current enhancement via reduction displacement was in evidence. An alternate composition Ag 0.48 VOPO 4 material with lower silver content per formula unit shows a high operating voltage and characteristic multi-plateau voltage profile. Counter to Ag 2 VO 2 PO 4 , the reduction of Ag + to Ag 0 occurs later in the discharge process for Ag 0.48 VOPO 4 . Based on the delayed reduction of silver, we hypothesized that the MVOPO 4 material class may demonstrate improved reversibility relative to the AgVO 2 PO 4 system. The MVOPO 4 material is explored for secondary lithium based battery applications. The electrochemistry of the analogous silver and copper containing MVOPO 4 materials will be compared and contrasted in this presentation. The inclusion of copper instead of silver in the structure is motivated by lower cost of copper versus silver and the accessibility of divalent Cu 2+ which can provide 2 electron equivalents per metal center. However, the silver containing material offers the advantage of higher operating voltage. The electrochemistry will be summarized in the context of prior work other members of the MM’P x O y and MM’O material families.
Scintillation properties of transparent Lu3Al5O12 (LuAG) ceramics doped with different concentrations of Pr3+ (2010)

Abstract Transparent ceramics of Pr‐doped (0.2 mol%, 0.6 mol%, 1 mol%, and 2 mol%) Lu 3 Al 5 O 12 (LuAG) scintillators produced by the sintering method are discussed. These materials were cut to the specimens with physical dimensions of 5 × 5 × 2 mm 3 . Similar size specimens were also prepared from Czochralski grown Pr:LuAG single crystals to compare scintillation properties. Their transmittance and radio luminescence spectra were evaluated. All specimens were highly transparent in wavelength range above 300 nm, and intense Pr 3+ 5d‐4f emission was detected around 310 and 370 nm under excitation with X‐ray. Under 137 Cs γ‐ray is irradiation, 2 keV photo‐absorption peaks were also clearly observed in each sample. The Pr 0.6 mol% doped LuAG ceramics demonstrated highest light yield achievable among the ceramics, and it was half of that observed in the single crystals. Under pulse X‐ray excitation, the decay time constants became faster when Pr concentration increased, and. the fastest decay (∼5.7 ns time constant) was noticed in the 2 mol% doped ceramic. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Treatment of atypical pacemaker‐mediated tachycardia with ablation of the retrograde atrioventricular nodal pathway (2020)

A 25-year-old runner received a single-lead, VDD pacemaker after ablation of AV nodal reentrant tachycardia complicated by intermittent AV block. The rate-adaptive AV delay algorithm (RAAV), which shortens the sensed AV interval (SAV) at faster atrial rates, was programmed to provide a physiologic SAV with exercise. She developed repetitive, atypical, long-RP pacemaker-mediated tachycardia (PMT) because the RAAV shortened the antegrade SAV and retrograde conduction occurred over the slow AV nodal pathway. PMT was refractory to usual programming solutions. Using high-density electroanatomic mapping, we were able to ablate the retrograde limb of PMT without further damaging AV conduction.
Supplementary Figure 6 from STC1 Expression By Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Drives Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 6235K, "Route-specific" analysis of metastases.&lt;/p&gt;
20Gbps/ch optical interconnection between SERDES devices over distances from chip-to-chip to rack-to-rack (2008)

20-Gbps signal transmission of up to 100m between two SERDES devices has been demonstrated using newly developed driver and receiver ICs tuned to the characteristics of VCSELs, photodiodes, and electrical transmission line with which they are used.
The Concept for Cooperative Protection System with Agent Model (1998)

This paper proposes a new concept of relay agent to realize cooperative protection system, which consists of distributed equipment that are combined with communication network and cooperate to realize adaptive protection functions. Relay agents move between equipment to utilize data and functions installed distributively. The paper classified relay agents by its roles and simulated protection functions under some typical conditions. This indicated that the concept enables the protection system to keep isolated zone minimum against any changes in power system conditions and to secure high reliability of the protection system with less redundant hardware.The concept of relay agent will give a powerful means of advanced protection functions by combination of micro processor technology and information communication techniology.
Rate of Acoustic Change May Underlie Hemispheric Specialization for Speech Perception (1980)

Phonemically similar syllables, differing only by temporal acoustic cues, were presented dichotically to investigate temporal processing mechanisms in hemispheric specialization for speech. Reducing the rate of acoustic change within syllables while keeping their phonemic characteristics constant significantly decreased the characteristic asymmetry in processing speech.
Selective Ether/Ester C–O Cleavage of an Acetylated Lignin Model via Tandem Catalysis (2015)

Selective ether/ester C–O bond hydrogenolysis of an acetylated lignin model is achieved using a thermodynamically leveraged tandem catalytic strategy. Acetylation serves to (1) solubilize both lignin and lignin models and to (2) modify the reactivity of pendant hydroxy groups to promote more selective C–O cleavage.
CFAR Target Detection Based on Gumbel Distribution for HF Radar (2006)

High frequency (HF) radars are capable to detect and track targets at extremely long ranges. But the signal environment that includes external noise, different kinds of clutter and interference will significantly limit the detection and system capability. This paper considers a new approach to solve the target detection problem in a complex HF radar signal environment. It uses conventional constant false-alarm-rate (CFAR) detection procedure but based in this case on an untypical assumption of Gumbel distributed power spectrum values along range cells for thresholding. The CFAR detection test rule was combined with a local peak determination procedure. The proposed detection scheme was tested using real HF radar data and gave very promising results.
PMUTS design optimization for medical probes applications (2002)

PMUTS offer new and integrated solutions for acoustic transducers realization for which transducer analysis is given by a study of main characteristics versus required performances.
Polarization mode control of two-dimensional photonic crystal laser having a square lattice structure (2003)

We investigate in detail control methods of polarization mode in a two-dimensional square-lattice photonic crystal laser. In order to control the polarization mode using the square lattice, we investigate the eigenmode of the electromagnetic field against the possible symmetry groups of a square lattice. Both the electromagnetic field distributions of lasing oscillation mode and the band diagram are significantly influenced by the symmetry groups. In the case of the square lattice structure, symmetries "p1", "pm", "p2", and "pmm" are suitable for obtaining the unidirectional polarization mode. Among these symmetry groups, the symmetry group "pmm" is especially interesting considering the simplicity of the eigenmode of the electromagnetic field. In order to obtain the symmetry group "pmm", we deform the unit cell structure of a square lattice from circular to elliptical and investigate the properties of symmetry group "pmm" in detail. The elliptical ratio of the unit cell structure can modify the coupling balance of a lightwave propagating in two perpendicular in-plane directions and can control the eigen energy of each band edge.
Formation mechanism of sidewall striation in high-aspect-ratio hole etching (2019)

Abstract We investigated the formation mechanism of sidewall striations in etched holes with high aspect ratios, with focus on the roles of energetic ions and fluorocarbon radicals. Striations were observed on the sidewalls of holes with high aspect ratios in stacked dielectric films, despite the smooth sidewall of the mask. Argon plasma treatment increased the degree of striation on the carbon mask, while striation was prevented with a cyclic process consisting of a fluorocarbon deposition step and an argon plasma treatment step. The blanket films were irradiated with oblique ion beams in order to simulate the surface reactions on the sidewalls of high aspect ratio holes. Argon ion beams oriented 85° from the surface normal formed severe striations on the blanket fluorocarbon film surface, despite the low roughness of the SiO 2 film surface. A thicker fluorocarbon film was observed in regions with striations than deeper regions with smooth sidewalls. The striations formed on the fluorocarbon films at the sidewalls of high aspect ratio holes and transferred to the dielectric films laterally as the hole diameters increased. In addition, as etching proceeded, striations began to form at the deeper regions, depending on the aspect ratios.
GaN-based nanostructured photodetectors (2008)

The use of nanostructures in semiconductor technology leads to the observation of new phenomena in device physics. Further quantum and non-quantum effects arise from the reduction of device dimension to a nanometric scale. In nanopillars, quantum confinement regime is only revealed when the lateral dimensions are lower than 50 nm. For larger mesoscopic systems, quantum effects are not observable but surface states play a key role and make the properties of nanostructured devices depart from those found in conventional devices. In this work, we present the fabrication of GaN nanostructured metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) and p-i-n photodiodes (PIN PDs) by e-beam lithography, as well as the investigation of their photoelectrical properties at room temperature. The nanopillar height and diameter are about 520 nm and 200 nm, respectively. MSMs present dark currents densities of 0.4 A/cm<sup>2</sup> at &plusmn;100 V. A strong increase of the optical response with bias is observed, resulting in responsivities higher than 1 A/W. The relationship between this gain mechanism and surface states is discussed. PIN PDs yield peak responsivities (R<sub>peak</sub>) of 35 mA/W at -4 V and show an abnormal increase of the response (R<sub>peak</sub>&gt;100 A/W) under forward biases.
NMR used for Saudi crude asphaltenes (1988)

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy with proton (/sup 1/H) and carbon 13 (/sup 13/C) has been used to determine the structural characteristics of asphaltenes from four commercial Saudi Arabian crude oils. These characteristics are important to refiners that have deep conversion processes to determine yields from the residual fractions of the Saudi crudes, and to determine the operating parameters of the process units. The spectra obtained give some structural similarities among the crude oils, as well as some differences. Values of various structural parameters have been tabulated from the spectra.
Ultrafast infrared spectroscopy in biomolecules: Active site dynamics of heme proteins (1996)

Rapid advances in the generation of intense tunable ultrashort mid-infrared (IR) laser pulses allow the use of ultrafast IR pump-probe and vibrational echo experiments to investigate the dynamics of the fundamental vibrational transition of CO bound to the active site of heme proteins. The studies were performed using a free-electron laser (FEL) and an experimental set up at the Stanford University FEL Center. These novel techniques are discussed in some detail. Pump-probe experiments on myoglobin-CO (MbCO) measure CO vibrational relaxation (VR). The VR process involves loss of vibrational excitation from CO to the protein and solvent. Infrared vibrational echoes measure CO vibrational dephasing. The quantum mechanical treatment of the force-correlation function description of vibrational dynamics in condensed phases is described briefly. A quantum mechanical treatment is needed to explain the temperature dependence of VR in Mb-CO from 10 to 300 K. A molecular-level description including elements of heme protein structure in the treatment of vibrational dynamics is also discussed. Vibrational relaxation of CO in Mb occurs on the 10−11-s time scale. VR was studied in proteins with single-site mutations, proteins from different species, and model heme compounds. A roughly linear relationship between carbonyl stretching frequency and VR rate has been observed. The dominant VR pathway is shown to involve anharmonic coupling from CO through the π-bonded network of the porphyrin, to porphyrin vibrations with frequencies > 400 cm−1. The heme protein influences VR of bound ligands at the active site primarily via altering the through π-bond coupling between CO and heme. Preliminary vibrational echo studies of the effects of protein conformational relaxation dynamics on ligand dephasing are also reported. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A glycan cluster on the SARS-CoV-2 spike ectodomain is recognized by Fab-dimerized glycan-reactive antibodies (2020)

Fab-dimerized, glycan-reactive (FDG) HIV-1 bnAbs cross-react with SARS-CoV-2 spike.3.1 Å resolution cryo-EM structure reveals quaternary S2 epitope for HIV-1 bnAb 2G12.2G12 targets glycans, at positions 709, 717 and 801, in the SARS-CoV-2 spike.Our studies suggest a common epitope for FDG antibodies centered around glycan 709.
FBG dispersion compensation in a 43 Gbit/s WDM system: Comparing different FBG types and modulation formats (2009)

Within this contribution the impact of phase ripples and amplitude filtering induced by fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) for in-line dispersion compensation in optical long-haul wavelength division multiplex (WDM) transmission systems is investigated. The goal is to evaluate the possibilities and limitations of employing FBGs instead of dispersion compensating fiber (DCF) in modern communication systems with certain upgrade issues. The considered upgrade scenarios contain the increase of the data rate from 10.7 Gbit/s to 43 Gbit/s and employment of other modulation formats than conventional NRZ-ASK (non-return-to-zero amplitude shift keying), such as optical duobinary (ODB) and differential phase shift keying (DPSK). Moreover, the performance of channelized FBGs and broadband FBGs is compared for these scenarios. Since the FBGs' frequency and phase responses include stochastical components the investigations are performed by extensive statistical simulations. These simulations are based on measured group delay and insertion loss characteristics of numerous FBG samples. The results show performance limitations for channelized FBGs due to amplitude filtering and strong phase ripples at pass band edges, especially if ASK or DPSK modulation is applied. The broadband FBG offers significantly better transmission characteristics.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation and Catalytic Hydrogenation of the Dimer of 1,2,3,4,5,7a‐ Hexahydroimidazo(1,2‐a)pyrazine. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Table S2 from Dual Inhibition of IGF-1R and ErbB3 Enhances the Activity of Gemcitabine and Nab-Paclitaxel in Preclinical Models of Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S2&lt;/p&gt;
Attribution Macro Cell Switching in Distributed Antenna Transmission (2021)

In this paper, a macro cell switching scheme for distributed antennas is proposed. In conventional distributed antenna transmission (DAT), a macro cell to which each antenna belongs is fixed. Though a cell-free system has been investigated because of its higher system throughput, the complexity of front-haul can be inevitably large. To increase the flexibility of resource allocation in the DAT with moderate front-haul complexity, the macro cell switching of distributed antennas (DAs) is proposed. In the proposed scheme, DAs switch their attribution macro cells depending on the amount of pre-assigned resources. Numerical results obtained through computer simulation show that the proposed scheme realizes a better system throughput than the conventional system especially when the number of user equipments (UEs) is smaller.
A biosensor based on Thiobacillus thioparus for measuring thiosulfate and methanethiol (1995)

A biosensor based on Thiobacillus thioparus was developed for the determination of thiosulfate and methanethiol. Thiobacillus thioparus is a chemoautotrophic bacterium and it oxidizes sulfur compounds to sulfuric acid. The sensor consisted of an oxygen electrode and immobilized T. thioparus. When the sensor was used to determine thiosulfate, a linear relation between sensor output and concentration was obtained for the concentration range from 1 to 100 μM in a batch system and from 1 to 10 mM in a flow injection system. Output of the sensor was stable for more than 1 month. For methanethiol, the response of the sensor was measured for the concentration range from 0.2 to 3 mM in a flow injection system.Key words: microbial sensor, thiosulfate, methanethiol, Thiobacillus thioparus TK-m.
Dynamic synapse neural networks with a Gauss–Newton learning method for speech processing (2002)

A continuous implementation of the biologically-based dynamic synapse neural network (DSNN) (H. H. Namarvar et al., 2001) is created by replacing the discrete nonlinear function of the synaptic cleft mechanism, which represent the neurotransmitter release in the discrete DSNN, with a continuous nonlinear function. A Gauss–Newton learning algorithm is introduced and is shown to efficiently determine the optimal parameters of a continuous DSNN being applied to a nonlinear problem in nonstationary speech processing. The continuous DSNN incorporates a new feedback architecture to model biological inhibitory mechanisms. Optimality is determined by an objective error function on the continuous DSNN output. This network has been successfully applied to the task of phoneme recognition in continuous speech. Preliminary results demonstrate that a phoneme recognizer utilizing a continuous DSNN may be successfully used as a phone recognition module in future automatic speech recognition systems. [Work supported by DARPA CBS, NASA, and ONR.]
Design of a W-band Superconducting Kinetic Inductance Qubit (Kineticon) (2020)

Superconducting qubits are widely used in quantum computing research and industry. We describe a superconducting kinetic inductance qubit (Kineticon) operating at W-band frequencies with a nonlinear nanowire section that provides the anharmonicity required for two distinct quantum energy states. Operating the qubits at higher frequencies relaxes the dilution refrigerator temperature requirements for these devices and paves the path for multiplexing a large number of qubits. Millimeter-wave operation requires superconductors with relatively high Tc, which implies high gap frequency, 2$\Delta$/h, beyond which photons break Cooper pairs. For example, NbTiN with Tc=16K has a gap frequency near 1.4 THz, which is much higher than that of aluminum (90 GHz), allowing for operation throughout the millimeter-wave band. Here we describe a design and simulation of a W-band Kineticon qubit embedded in a 3-D cavity.
3GPP LTE-WLAN Aggregation Technologies: Functionalities and Performance Comparison (2018)

The use of license-exempt bands offers a promising opportunity to additionally enhance operator networks to meet the future traffic demand. The recent specification efforts in 3GPP have resulted in two major aggregation features that enable LTE networks to benefit from unlicensed spectrum via WLAN. In this article, we provide a thorough overview of these features known as, LTE-WLAN aggregation (LWA) and LTE-WLAN radio level integration with IP security tunnel (LWIP). The article presents and motivates the design choices of protocol architectures, procedures, mobility, and security. It also proposes flow control algorithms suitable for both technologies, which aim at the best usage of licensed and unlicensed spectrum. Simulation results show the performance unveiling the potential gains of these features in different load conditions, also in a comparative manner, showing that LWA substantially outperforms LWIP.
The two formyl peptide receptors differently regulate GPR84-mediated neutrophil NADPH-oxidase activity (2020)

ABSTRACT Neutrophils express many G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) including the two formyl peptide receptors (FPR1 and FPR2) and the medium chain fatty acid receptor GPR84. The FPRs are known to define a hierarchy among neutrophil GPCRs, i.e., the GPCR-mediated response can be either suppressed or amplified by signals generated by FPRs. In this study, we investigated the position of GPR84 in the FPR-defined hierarchy regarding the activation of neutrophil NADPH-oxidase, an enzyme system designed to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). When naïve neutrophils are activated by GPR84 agonists a modest ROS release was induced. However, vast amounts of ROS production was induced by these GPR84 agonists in FPR2-desensitized neutrophils, and the response is inhibited not only by a GPR84 antagonist but also by an FPR2 specific antagonist. This suggests that the amplified GPR84 agonist response is achieved through a reactivation of the desensitized FPR2. In addition, the GPR84-mediated FPR2 reactivation was independent of β-arrestin recruitment and sensitive to a protein phosphatase inhibitor. In contrast, the modest ROS production induced by GPR84 agonists was primarily suppressed in FPR1-desensitized neutrophils through hierarchical desensitization of GPR84 by FPR1 generated signals. In summary, our data show that FPRs control the NADPH-oxidase activity mediated through GPR84 in human neutrophils. While an amplified ROS generation is achieved by GPR84 agonists through reactivation of desensitized FPR2, FPR1 heterologously desensitizes GPR84 and by that suppresses the release of ROS induced by GPR84 agonists.
Reduction and alkylation of 1,3-oxathiolan-5-ones as a route to alpha-mercaptoaldehydes. (1983)

Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses &amp; Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis1983 .S544. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 40-07, page: . Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 1983.