gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Floral Biology and Embryological Studies are Important for Conservation of Threatened Plants Having Reproductive Bottlenecks:A Case Study of <i>Illicium griffithii</i> Hook. f. & Thomson (2018)

Information on reproductive biology of threatened plant species could be useful for conservation, particularly when the species fails to perpetuate in nature due to regeneration failure. In flowering plants, the domain of reproductive biology includes structural details of reproductive units such as flower or inflorescence, formation of viable gametes, pollination dynamics, role of pollinators, pollen–pistil interactions as determined through compatibility, breeding system and mating strategies, fertilization and embryogeny, seed development, dispersal and germination. The importance of reproductive biology in species conservation has been demonstrated through a case study of Illicium griffithii Hook f. & Thomson, a threatened plant species from Arunachal Pradesh. I. griffithii (Illiciaceae) is a member of the ANITA clade and a representative taxon of the three most basal angiosperms. The flowers of I. griffithii are obligate xenogamous, and hence compatible pollen grains only germinate on the stigmatic papillae. Esterase and phosphatase enzymatic activities are absent in most stigmatic surfaces. Therefore, stigmatic receptivity is absent in many carpels. The ovules are anatropous and bitegmic with a four-celled/four-nucleate structure of embryo sac at maturity. Antipodals and filiform apparatus are absent. Presence of mucilage cells in the embryo sac facilitates the entry of pollen tubes into it. Embryolike organization of the endosperm is present, with one pole globular having smaller cells and the other pole roughly filamentous with larger cells resembling that of a suspensor. Extragynoecial compitum is not observed in I. griffithii . The flowers are brooding sites for the midges and the young ovules are eaten by larvae of the midges. Only 10% of the flowers mature into 13-seeded fruits and the carpels of the remaining 90% of the flowers have seeds ranging from 1 to 5. The seedling survival rate is only 7%. In addition to the above-mentioned reproductive bottlenecks, the species is also being over-harvested. It is now categorized as endangered. The findings of the present study on reproductive biology of I. griffithii should help in improving its conservation status.
Expression of sulfotransferase 1E1 in human prostate as studied by in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry (2006)

The enzyme EST may play a physiological role in regulating local estrogen levels in human prostate.
Viral vector mediated Hsp72 overexpression protects against global cerebral ischemia and when given after experimental stroke (2001)

5 INTRODUCTION: We and others have previously shown that the stress protein HSP72 protected against focal cerebral ischemia and excitotoxin exposure when overexpression occurred prior to the insult, provided the extent of transgene expression was sufficiently high, and the insult not too severe. Whether HSP72 overexpression is protective after focal ischemia or in other brain ischemia models is unknown. We studied whether HSP72 protected when delivered after a stroke, and also if it protected CA1 cells against global cerebral ischemia by using amplicon based viral vectors that permit high levels of transgene expression. METHODS: Bipromoter, defective herpes simplex vectors expressing HSP72 and β-galactosidase as a reporter (or β-galactosidase only as a control) were delivered to the striata of 21 rats 20min after 1h MCA occlusion. 48h after reperfusion, the number of remaining reporter gene positive neurons were counted and expressed as ratio of the number of surviving cells between ischemic to nonischemic hemispheres. 15 h prior to the onset of global cerebral ischemia (bilateral common carotid artery occlusion plus hypotension; n=9), similar vectors were injected into each CA1 hippocampal subsector. Reporter gene positive cells in CA1 were counted and compared to counts in sham operated rats injected with vector (n=4). RESULTS: Survival among HSP72 treated groups was significantly higher for both experiments. After post insult delivery in the MCA occlusion model, 54.7±8.6% of HSP72 treated cells remained versus 31.2±5.1% of control vector treated (P&lt;0.03). Following global cerebral ischemia, 31±8% of HSP72 treated CA1 neurons remained compared to 10±4% among controls (P&lt;0.05). CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that postischemic HSP72 overexpression is protective, and that HSP72 protects CA1 neurons from global cerebral ischemia. This suggests that this stress protein may be a useful therapeutic target because it protects against a variety of insults and is also effective when treatment is delayed.
Stimuli-responsive polymers: introduction (2019)

Stimuli-responsive polymer gels have received considerable attention due to their singular mechanical properties, which make them materials of choice for niche applications. Polymer gels comprising either physical or chemical cross-links can undergo controlled and reversible shape changes in response to an applied field. In this chapter, we discuss the principle of stimuli-responsive polymers and the concepts in biomedical engineering applications.
Comparative analysis of the VP3 gene of divergent strains of the rotaviruses simian SA11 and bovine Nebraska calf diarrhea virus (1988)

The gene encoding outer capsid protein VP3 of subpopulations of two animal rotaviruses, simian SA11 and Nebraska calf diarrhea virus (NCDV), was analyzed. Two laboratory strains of simian SA11 rotavirus (SA11-SEM and SA11-FEM) differed with respect to VP3. This dimorphism was indicated by a difference in electrophoretic mobility and a difference in reactivity with anti-VP3 monoclonal antibodies. The overall VP3 amino acid homology between the two SA11 VP3 proteins was 82.7%, whereas the VP3 protein of SA11-FEM was 98.5% homologous in amino acid sequence to NCDV VP3, suggesting that SA11-FEM VP3 was derived by gene reassortment in the laboratory during contamination with a bovine rotavirus. A comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of the VP3 of two virulent NCDV strains and an attenuated NCDV strain (RIT 4237), revealed only five amino acid differences which were scattered throughout the protein but did not involve the trypsin cleavage sites. Of interest, the VP3 of the standard strain of NCDV which is virulent for cows differed in only one amino acid (position 23, Gln to Lys) from the VP3 of an NCDV mutant which was attenuated both for cows and for children.
MULTI-ASPECT GENE RELATION ANALYSIS (2004)

Recent progress in high-throughput screening technologies has led to the production of massive amounts data that we can use to understand biological systems. To interpret this data, biologists often need to analyze the characteristics of a set of genes by using Gene Ontology (GO) annotation. We are proposing a novel method for assisting such an analysis. Given a set of genes, the method automatically extracts several analyzing aspects in terms of a subset of genes that are attached to some related GO terms. It then creates a gene-attribute bipartite graph that highlights the aspect selected by the user according to his/her interests. We describe this method in detail and report on an experiment where the proposed method is applied to the analysis of rat kidney expression data.
Weight‐reducing, lipid‐lowering and antidiabetic activities of a novel arginine vasopressin analogue acting at the V1a and V1b receptors in high‐fat‐fed mice (2021)

AVP-based therapies that exclusively target V1a and V1b receptors may have significant therapeutic potential for the treatment of obesity and related diabetes, and merit further clinical exploration.
Influence Of Poly-N-Acetylglucosamine In The Extracellular Matrix On N-Chlorotaurine Mediated Killing Of Staphylococcus Epidermidis (2017)

N-chlorotaurine (NCT) has recently been shown to have bactericidal activity against bacterial biofilm on metal discs (Coraca-Huber et al., 2014). In a biofilm, Staphylococcus epidermidis polymerizes poly-N-acetylglucosamine (PNAG) to form an extracellular matrix (ECM). Pseudomonas aeruginosa does not express this PNAG and has been shown to be highly susceptible to NCT. We compared the action of NCT on S. epidermidis 1457, a PNAG positive strain (SE1457) and S. epidermidis 1457- M10 an isogenic PNAG negative mutant (SE1457 M10). NCT-mediated killing was more effective and quicker on the PNAG negative strain SE1457 M10. Bacteria hidden in biofilms for prolonged periods of time were generally more susceptible than freshly formed biofilms. The differences in NCT-mediated killing might not be direct effects since NCT did not react with the monomeric N-acetylglucosamine, but might be explained by denser growth in the PNAG-containing biofilm produced by the wild type strain, which results in delayed penetration of NCT. The higher susceptibility of older biofilms to NCTmediated killing could be explained by more pronounced 3D architecture and subsequent larger surface area for interactions with NCT.
Wavelength-switchable IF over fiber network under ultra-dense WDM configuration for high-speed railway systems (2017)

Ultra-dense wavelength-division-multiplexing-based intermediate frequency over fiber system based on single-sideband suppressed carrier modulation at 15 GHz is demonstrated with a fast wavelength-tunable laser for tracking the train cars in high-speed train systems by switching the wavelengths.
Use of a radio frequency shield during 1.5 and 3.0 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging: experimental evaluation (2014)

Radiofrequency (RF) shields have been recently developed for the purpose of shielding portions of the patient's body during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations. We present an experimental evaluation of a commercially available RF shield in the MRI environment. All tests were performed on 1.5 T and 3.0 T clinical MRI scanners. The tests were repeated with and without the RF shield present in the bore, for comparison. Effects of the shield, placed within the scanner bore, on the RF fields generated by the scanner were measured directly using tuned pick-up coils. Attenuation, by as much as 35 dB, of RF field power was found inside the RF shield. These results were supported by temperature measurements of metallic leads placed inside the shield, in which no measurable RF heating was found. In addition, there was a small, simultaneous detectable increase (∼1 dB) of RF power just outside the edges of the shield. For these particular scanners, the autocalibrated RF power levels were reduced for scan locations prescribed just outside the edges of the shield, which corresponded with estimations based on the pick-up coil measurements. Additionally, no significant heating during MRI scanning was observed on the shield surface. The impact of the RF shield on the RF fields inside the magnet bore is likely to be dependent on the particular model of the RF shield or the MRI scanner. These results suggest that the RF shield could be a valuable tool for clinical MRI practices.
Implementation of Toeplitz Hash based RC-4 in WSN (2015)

Certain Wireless sensor network (WSN) applications such as military and e- health care require the inter-node communication to be secure. The tiny WSN nodes have limited computational power, memory and finite energy source. These constraints restrict the implementation of highly secure models on the devices as they demand more memory and involve compute intensive operations. Several protocols have been designed for providing different security levels with varying strengths at the expense of the amount of hardware and computational power of the processor in the WSN node. In wireless equivalent privacy (WEP) model static keys are generated for the XOR operation with the plain text in the encryption process. This work proposes a new security model that provides dynamic keys to the encryption/decryption stages. A model for the proposed scheme has been developed using nesC and the same has been implemented on a IRIS WSN node. The WSN implementation of the proposed security model has been compared with those of WEP, WiFi Protected access (WPA) based on memory usage and execution time.
Continuous monitoring of dielectric properties of LDPE samples during electrical treeing (2010)

A technique capable of utilizing voltage waveforms containing harmonics for measurements of dielectric response over a range of frequencies is presented. It has proved useful in several applications and offers high accuracy and flexibility. This paper presents measurement of the changes imposed by electrical treeing in the dielectric properties of LDPE samples and shows that the capacitance increase monitored during the tree growth corresponds well with the optically measured tree length. There is also a change of dielectric loss associated with partial discharge activity during the tree growth, which could be correlated to different treeing modes. The method provides an attractive alternative to the traditional measurements of tree growth by means of optical observations, as it allows for investigations of nontransparent materials.
Geohydrology of, and simulation of ground-water flow in, the Milford-Souhegan glacial-drift aquifer, Milford, New Hampshire (1992)

Hydrogeologic data collected since 1990 were assessed and a ground-water-flow model was refined in this study of the Milford-Souhegan glacial-drift aquifer in Milford, New Hampshire. The hydrogeologic data collected were used to refine estimates of hydraulic conductivity and saturated thickness of the aquifer, which were previously calculated during 1988-90. In October 1990, water levels were measured at 124 wells and piezometers, and at 45 stream-seepage sites on the main stem of the Souhegan River, and on small tributary streams overlying the aquifer to improve an understanding of ground-water-flow patterns and stream-seepage gains and losses. Refinement of the ground-water-flow model included a reduction in the number of active cells in layer 2 in the central part of the aquifer, a revision of simulated hydraulic conductivity in model layers 2 and representing the aquifer, incorporation of a new block-centered finite-difference ground-water-flow model, and incorporation of a new solution algorithm and solver (a preconditioned conjugate-gradient algorithm). Refinements to the model resulted in decreases in the difference between calculated and measured heads at 22 wells. The distribution of gains and losses of stream seepage calculated in simulation with the refined model is similar to that calculated in the previous model simulation. The contributing area to the Savage well, under average pumping conditions, decreased by 0.021 square miles from the area calculated in the previous model simulation. The small difference in the contrib- uting recharge area indicates that the additional data did not enhance model simulation and that the conceptual framework for the previous model is accurate.
The crossed frontal aslant tract: A possible pathway involved in the recovery of supplementary motor area syndrome (2018)

We hypothesize that this newly described tract may facilitate recovery from SMA syndrome by maintaining interhemispheric connectivity through the supplementary motor and premotor areas.
A context-based document system for wearable computers (2002)

With the continuous availability of wearable computers, users have the opportunity to create and acquire large numbers of files. The ability to stare and retrieve documents effectively with these machines is a key issue. Hierarchical storage is not adequate because the user must focus on where a document is stored instead of on what it contains. This paper explores how context can be used to help the capture and access of documents in a wearable computer. It examines several systems that use context with documents. It then presents a new storage system that uses context to aid in the capture and access of documents in a wearable computer.
Evozierte Potentiale in der neurologischen Intensivmedizin - eine Standortbestimmung (1985)

Durch Störungen des Bewußtseins, Sedierung, Intubation und Beatmung ist die neurologische Untersuchung bestimmter Funktionen (z.B. Sensibilität) erschwert. Somatosensible evozierter Potentiale (SEP) und akustisch evozierte Hirnstammpotentiale (BAEP) sind eine wichtige Ergänzung der klinisch-neurologischen Untersuchung, die darüber hinaus wichtige Hinweise auf den Ort der Schädigung geben.
Microwave-Assisted Solid State Synthesis of Red-Emitting BCNO Phosphor and its Characteristics (2014)

Red-emitting BCNO phosphor has been synthesized by a microwave-assisted solid state reaction using a low-cost boric acid, urea and polyethylene glycol (PEG-20k) as the starting materials. The effects of reaction parameters: temperature, carbon and nitrogen content on material composition and photoluminescence properties were investigated. Nearly multi-phase hexagonal boron nitride, boron oxide, boron carbide and carbon graphite was observed, indicating the BCNO were successfully synthesized. The photoluminescence spectra of the phosphor excited by a UV light (365 nm) showed a broad emission band at 460 - 620 nm.
Combined Laplacian-equivolumic model for studying cortical lamination with ultra high field MRI (7 T) (2015)

The fine spatial resolution and novel contrasts offered by high-field magnetic resonance allow in vivo detection of histological layers in the cerebral cortex. This opens the way to in vivo analysis of cortical lamination, but the comparison of lamination profiles has proved challenging because the layers' geometry is strongly influenced by cortical curvature. This paper introduces a model of the micro-structural organization of the cortex, which can compensate for the effect of cortical curvature. Layers are modelled by an equivolumic principle, while the vertical structure of the cortex is represented with a Laplacian model. In this framework, lamination profiles can be represented in a way that preserves the original voxel sampling of the acquisition. This model is validated on a magnetic resonance image of a post-mortem human brain acquired on a human 7T scanner at 0.35mm resolution.
ChemInform Abstract: CONVERSION OF VIRESCENOL A INTO VIRESCENOL B (1978)

Abstract Die Umwandlung von Virescenol A (Ia) in Virescenol B (Ib) wird beschrieben.
Fabrication of carbon nano-tubes decorated with ultra fine superparamagnetic nano-particles under continuous flow conditions (2008)

Ultra fine (2-3 nm) magnetite (Fe(3)O(4)) nano-particles are uniformly deposited on single-walled carbon nano-tubes (SWCNTs) pre-functionalised with carboxylic acid groups using microwave radiation. The deposition process involves chemical precipitation associated with continuous flow spinning disc processing (SDP), as a rapid, environmentally friendly approach which is readily scalable for large scale synthesis. The resulting decorated SWCNTs are superparamagnetic with specific saturated magnetization of 30 emu g(-1).
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticle Conjugated with MicroRNA-146a Decreases Lung Inflammation and Fibrosis in Bleomycin Murine Model (2019)

Introduction Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and chronic lung disease due to prematurity are significant sources of morbidity and mortality in former pre-term infants. Central to the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia is the presence of chronic inflammation and increased oxidative stress which lead to pulmonary fibrosis. We hypothesized that a novel therapeutic directed at reducing inflammation and oxidative stress may also reduce fibrosis and the long-term sequela these infants face. MicroRNAs are short, non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene activity. MicroRNA-146a is a key regulatory molecule in the NFkB mediated inflammatory …
VEGF-mediated endothelial P-selectin translocation: role of VEGF receptors and endogenous PAF synthesis (2004)

The acute increase in vascular permeability produced by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A(165)) requires activation of endothelial Flk-1 receptors (VEGFR-2) and stimulation of platelet-activating factor (PAF) synthesis. Like PAF, VEGF-A(165) promotes translocation of P-selectin to the endothelial cell (EC) surface. However, the mechanisms involved remain unknown. By treating human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with VEGF analogs, we show that activation of VEGFR-1 or VEGFR-2 or both induced a rapid and transient translocation of endothelial P-selectin and neutrophil adhesion to activated ECs. The effects mediated by VEGF-A(165) and VEGF-A(121) (VEGFR-1/VEGFR-2 agonists) were blocked by a selective VEGFR-2 inhibitor, SU1498. VEGF-A(165) was twice as potent as VEGF-A(121), which can be explained by the binding capacity of VEGF-A(165) to its coreceptor neuropilin-1 (NRP-1). Indeed, treatment with NRP-1 antagonist (GST-Ex7) reduced the effect of VEGF-A(165) to the levels observed upon stimulation with VEGF-A(121). Finally, the use of selective PAF receptor antagonists reduced VEGF-A(165)-mediated P-selectin translocation. Together, these data show that maximal P-selectin translocation and subsequent neutrophil adhesion was mediated by VEGF-A(165) on the activation of VEGFR-2/NRP-1 complex and required PAF synthesis.
Fast and accurate prediction of spurious modes in aluminum nitride MEMS resonators using artificial neural network algorithm (2017)

This paper introduces the use of artificial neural networks (ANNs) as a method to guide the design of high-performance MEMS resonators and applies it to the prediction of spurious modes (SMs) in the proximity of the series resonance of aluminum nitride (AlN) contour-mode MEMS resonators (CMRs). ANN enables both fast and accurate prediction of spurious modes, hence facilitating the MEMS designer in the selection of the most appropriate geometry. In this work, the ANN can predict 1,000,000 cases within 0.3 seconds and with an expected accuracy of 98.9% given a margin, Δp, of 0.15 (out of 1). This study clearly outlines how powerful the ANN algorithm can be in helping designers identify the optimal device geometry. As a point of comparison, it would have taken hundreds of years for conventional 3-dimensional (3D) finite element method (FEM) to complete the same study.
Dopaminergic, serotonergic, and noradrenergic deficits in Parkinson disease (2015)

These results demonstrate widespread deficits in dopaminergic, serotonergic, and noradrenergic innervation of neocortical, limbic, and basal ganglia regions in advanced PD with dementia.
Polymeric Coacervate Coating for Flame Retardant Paper (2022)

Abstract Cellulosic paper (from wood fibers) is a highly flammable material that is used in corrugated carboard, packaging, printing, and construction. While there is significant work focused on depositing a flame retardant coating onto the individual wood pulp fibers, there are very few studies that apply flame retardant coatings to already-cast paper. In an effort to improve the flame retardant properties of paper, a polymer-dense coacervate composed of polyethylenimine (PEI) and poly(sodium phosphate) (PSP) was deposited in a single step and subsequently crosslinked with glutaraldehyde. In a vertical flame test, the crosslinked PEI/PSP coacervate-coated paper achieves self-extinguishing behavior, and an average char length of 3.4 in, with only a 35% weight gain. Additionally, the crosslinked coating retains its flame retardant properties after water immersion and conditioning tests. This coacervate system is the first polymeric coating to be successfully deposited onto commercially available cellulosic paper for the purpose of flame retardancy.
Abiraterone Inhibits 3β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase: A Rationale for Increasing Drug Exposure in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2012)

We conclude that abi inhibits 3βHSD-mediated conversion of DHEA to active androgens in CRPC. This second mode of action might be exploited to reverse resistance to CYP17A1 inhibition at the standard abi dose by dose-escalation or simply by administration with food to increase drug exposure.