gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cooling arrangement for a superconducting coil (2023)

A superconducting device, such as a superconducting rotor for a generator or motor. A vacuum enclosure has an interior wall surrounding a cavity containing a vacuum. A superconductive coil is placed in the cavity. A generally-annularly-arranged, thermally-conductive sheet has an inward-facing surface contacting generally the entire outward-facing surface of the superconductive coil. A generally-annularly-arranged coolant tube contains a cryogenic fluid and contacts a generally-circumferential portion of the outward-facing surface of the sheet. A generally-annularly-arranged, thermally-insulative coil overwrap generally circumferentially surrounds the sheet. The coolant tube and the inward-facing surface of the coil overwrap together contact generally the entire outward-facing surface of the sheet.
Editors’ Favorites of 2016 (2017)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTEditors' Favorites of 2016Craig W. Lindsley, Jacob M. Hooker, Kathryn A. Cunningham, and Anne M. AndrewsCite this: ACS Chem. Neurosci. 2017, 8, 1, 1–3Publication Date (Web):January 18, 2017Publication History Published online18 January 2017Published inissue 18 January 2017https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00461https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00461editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2017 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views774Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (3 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Agonists,Cell signaling,Central nervous system,Chemical neuroscience,Receptors Get e-Alerts
CNN-based Multichannel End-to-End Speech Recognition for Everyday Home Environments (2019)

Casual conversations involving multiple speakers and noises from surrounding devices are common in everyday environments, which degrades the performances of automatic speech recognition systems. These challenging characteristics of environments are the target of the CHiME-5 challenge. By employing a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based multichannel end-to-end speech recognition system, this study attempts to overcome the presents difficulties in everyday environments. The system comprises of an attention-based encoder–decoder neural network that directly generates a text as an output from a sound input. The multichannel CNN encoder, which uses residual connections and batch renormalization, is trained with augmented data, including white noise injection. The experimental results show that the word error rate is reduced by 8.5% and 0.6% absolute from a single channel end-to-end and the best baseline (LF-MMI TDNN) on the CHiME-5 corpus, respectively.
Controlling Helical Asymmetry in Supramolecular Copolymers by In Situ Chemical Modification (2023)

Amplification of asymmetry in complex molecular systems results from a delicate interplay of chiral supramolecular structures and their chemical reactivity. In this work, we show how the helicity of supramolecular assemblies can be controlled by performing a non-stereoselective methylation reaction on comonomers. By methylating chiral glutamic acid side chains in benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide (BTA) derivatives to form methyl esters, the assembly properties are modulated. As reacted comonomers, the methyl ester-BTAs induce a stronger bias in the screw-sense of helical fibers predominantly composed of stacked achiral alkyl-BTA monomers. Hence, applying the <i>in situ</i> methylation in a system with the glutamic acid-BTA comonomer induces asymmetry amplification. Moreover, mixing small quantities of enantiomers of glutamic acid-BTA and glutamate methyl ester-BTA in the presence of the achiral alkyl-BTAs leads to deracemization and inversion of the helical structures in solution <i>via</i> the <i>in situ</i> reaction toward a thermodynamic equilibrium. Theoretical modeling suggests that the observed effects are caused by enhanced comonomer interactions after the chemical modification. Our presented methodology enables on-demand control over asymmetry in ordered functional supramolecular materials.
Vortical Flow Structure and Loss Generation Process in a Transonic Centrifugal Compressor Impeller (2007)

Transonic centrifugal compressors are used in turbochargers and turboshaft engines because of their small dimensions, relatively high efficiency and wide operating range. The flow field of the transonic centrifugal compressor impeller is highly three dimensional, and is complicated by shock waves, tip leakage vortices, secondary flows and the interactions among them. In order to improve the performance, it is indispensable to understand these complicated flow phenomena in the impeller. Although experimental and numerical research on transonic impeller flow has been reported, thus providing important flow physics, some undetected flow phenomena remain. The authors of the present report carried out detailed Navier-Stokes computations of a transonic impeller flow measured by Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) in previous work. The highly complicated vortical flow structure and the mechanism of loss generation were revealed by a visual data mining technique, namely vortex identification based on the critical point theory and limiting streamline mapping by means of line integral convolution. As a result, it was found that the tip leakage vortices have a significant impact on the flow field and vortex breakdowns that increase the blockage of the flow passage, and that these were caused by shock wave interaction.
Experience feedback on electric vehicles of the French car fleetbattery impact (2009)

International audience
Supplementary Table S2 from Real-time Genomic Characterization of Advanced Pancreatic Cancer to Enable Precision Medicine (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Characteristics of biopsies obtained on PancSeq protocol.&lt;/p&gt;
TGF-β promotes stem-like T cells via enforcing their lymphoid tissue retention (2022)

Stem-like CD8+ T cells sustain the antigen-specific CD8+ T cell response during chronic antigen exposure. However, the signals that control the maintenance and differentiation of these cells are largely unknown. Here, we demonstrated that TGF-β was essential for the optimal maintenance of these cells and inhibited their differentiation into migratory effectors during chronic viral infection. Mechanistically, stem-like CD8+ T cells carried a unique expression pattern of α4 integrins (i.e., α4β1hi and α4β7lo) controlled by TGF-β. In the absence of TGF-β signaling, greatly enhanced expression of migration-related markers, including altered expression of α4 integrins, led to enhanced egress of stem-like CD8+ T cells into circulation accompanied by further differentiation into transitional states. Blocking α4 integrin significantly promoted their lymphoid tissue retention and therefore partially rescued the defective maintenance of Tcf-1+ subset in the absence of TGF-β signaling. Thus, TGF-β promotes the maintenance and inhibits the further differentiation of stem-like T cells at least partially via enforcing their lymphoid tissue residency.
Mechanical properties of Nafion and titania/Nafion composite membranes for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (2006)

Abstract Measurements of the mechanical and electrical properties of Nafion and Nafion/titania composite membranes in constrained environments are reported. The elastic and plastic deformation of Nafion‐based materials decreases with both the temperature and water content. Nafion/titania composites have slightly higher elastic moduli. Thecomposite membranes exhibit less strain hardening than Nafion. Composite membranes also show a reduction in the long‐time creep of ∼40% in comparison with Nafion. Water uptake is faster in Nafion membranes recast from solution in comparison with extruded Nafion. The addition of 3–20 wt % titania particles has minimal effect on the rate of water uptake. Water sorption by Nafion membranes generates a swelling pressure of ∼0.55 MPa in 125‐μm membranes. The resistivity of Nafion increases when the membrane is placed under a load. At 23 °C and 100% relative humidity, the resistivity of Nafion increases by ∼15% under an applied stress of 7.5 MPa. There is a substantial hysteresis in the membrane resistivity as a function of the applied stress depending on whether the pressure is increasing or decreasing. The results demonstrate how the dynamics of water uptake and loss from membranes are dependent on physical constraints, and these constraints can impact fuel cell performance. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 44: 2327–2345, 2006
Vulnerability to reservoir reseeding due to high immune activation after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in individuals with HIV-1 (2020)

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is the only medical intervention that has led to an HIV cure. Whereas the HIV reservoir sharply decreases after allo-HSCT, the dynamics of the T cell reconstitution has not been comprehensively described. We analyzed the activation and differentiation of CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells, and the breadth and quality of HIV- and CMV-specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell responses in 16 patients with HIV who underwent allo-HSCT (including five individuals who received cells from CCR5Δ32/Δ32 donors) to treat their underlying hematological malignancy and who remained on antiretroviral therapy (ART). We found that reconstitution of the T cell compartment after allo-HSCT was slow and heterogeneous with an initial expansion of activated CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells that preceded the expansion of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells. Although HIV-specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells disappeared immediately after allo-HSCT, weak HIV-specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell responses were detectable several weeks after transplant and could still be detected at the time of full T cell chimerism, indicating that de novo priming, and hence antigen exposure, occurred during the time of T cell expansion. These HIV-specific T cells had limited functionality compared with CMV-specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells and persisted years after allo-HSCT. In conclusion, immune reconstitution was slow, heterogeneous, and incomplete and coincided with de novo detection of weak HIV-specific T cell responses. The initial short phase of high T cell activation, in which HIV antigens were present, may constitute a window of vulnerability for the reseeding of viral reservoirs, emphasizing the importance of maintaining ART directly after allo-HSCT.
Formamide as an Efficient Nitrogen Nucleophile for the Michael Addition to Nitroalkenes. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Breaking B cell tolerance by multimerized self antigens on follicular dendritic cells (143.7) (2010)

Abstract Self antigen-bearing follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) appear to be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity, and interfering with the development of FDC-reticula attenuates ectopic germinal centers (GCs) &amp; auto-Ab production. FDCs multimerize monomeric antigens in immune complexes (ICs) and present them polyvalently in an array that extensively cross-links BCRs and induces T cell independent Ig responses with FDC-BAFF &amp; -C4bBP providing co-signals. We hypothesized that self antigens presented as multimerized ICs on FDCs would break B cell tolerance and that would be indicated by induction of autoreactive GCs &amp; auto-Ab responses. To test this, mice were challenged with murine TNF-α or IgE in the form of ICs. Sera were assessed for auto-Ab production, and draining lymph nodes were examined for autoreactive GCs and plasma cells. Murine TNF-α &amp; IgE ICs were retained on well-developed FDC reticula and numerous GCs &amp; plasma cells were induced. Murine TNF-α &amp; IgE-specific IgM auto-Abs were detectable in 48 hrs, and switched to IgG by day 6. This is the first report indicating that B cell tolerance can be broken by presenting self antigens and co-stimulatory molecules on FDCs. The ability to deliberately break B cell tolerance and induce self-regulated auto-Abs provide potential novel therapies targeting endogenous mediators of chronic inflammation &amp; hypersensitivity diseases.
STAKEHOLDER INFLUENCE ON DESIGN OF AQUATIC HABITATS (1998)

Summary: An empirical study was conducted across Washington State to explore the social dynamics of designers and other project participants involved in fish habitat improvement projects. We found compelling evidence of design being a social process that readily accommodated stakeholder needs. Traditional engineering decision making methods were not used in spite of the highly technical nature of many projects.
Characterization of Apoptosis in a Breast Cancer Cell Line after IL-10 Silencing (2018)

Background: Breast cancer is affected by the immune system in that different cytokines play roles in its initiation and progression. Interleukin-10 (IL-10), an anti-inflammatory cytokine, is an immunosuppressive factor involved in tumorigenesis. The present study was conducted to investigate the gene silencing effect of a small interference RNA (siRNA) targeting IL-10 on the apoptotic pathway in breast cancer cell line. Methods: The siRNA targeting IL-10 and a glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) clone were introduced into MDA-MB-231 cells. Real-time PCR assays were used to determine IL-10 and GAPDH gene expression levels, in addition to those for protein kinase B (AKT), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2), caspase-3 and caspase-9 genes related to apoptosis. Results: Inhibition of IL-10 by the siRNA accelerated apoptosis and was accompanied by significant increase in caspase-3 and caspase-9 and a significant decrease in PI3K, AKT and Bcl2 expression levels compared to the non-transfected case. Conclusions: In conclusion, the production of IL-10 may represent a new escape mechanism by breast cancer cells to evade destruction by the immune system. IL-10 gene silencing causes down regulation of both PI3K/AKT and Bcl2 gene expression and also increases the Bbc3, BAX caspase3, and caspase 3 cleavage expression levels. IL–10 might represent a promising new target for therapeutic strategies.
Filtrage actif des réseaux moyenne tension : association d'un convertisseur multicellulaire et d'un circuit passif (1997)

Cette these traite de la reduction des courants harmoniques dans les reseaux moyenne tension par filtrage actif. Apres un etat de l'art sur les effets connus de la pollution harmonique et les solutions deja existantes (filtrage passif, augmentation de l'immunite des materiels, augmentation de la puissance des reseaux. . . ), l'interet du filtrage mixte actif-passif est presente. De par sa modularite et ses performances (forte puissance, qualite de la tension delivree), le convertisseur multicellulaire serie s'impose comme la topologie la mieux adaptee pour assurer la partie active d'un filtre mixte. Une etude theorique du fonctionnement de l'ensemble et de sa commande pour un reseau 20 kv sont valides par simulation. Sur ce principe, une maquette de 40kva fonctionnant sous 6,6 kv et commandee par un systeme numerique (dspace) base sur un dsp estrealisee. Les resultats du fonctionnement en filtre actif basse tension du convertisseur multicellulaire seul sont presentes.
Novel method to improve power handling capability for coplanar waveguide high-temperature superconducting filter (2006)

This paper proposes a novel method to improve the power handling capability of a coplanar waveguide (CPW) high-temperature superconducting (HTS) filter. The noteworthy point of the proposed method is that it is based on the concept that the power handling capability is improved by reducing the maximum current density of the filter. Numerical investigations confirm that a CPW HTS filter using 66-Ω characteristic impedance resonators (66-Ω CPW HTSF) reduces the maximum current density compared to that using conventional 50-Ω resonators (50-Ω CPW HTSF). We fabricated 5-GHz band four-pole Chevyshev CPW HTSFs based on the proposed and conventional methods. The fabricated 66-Ω CPW HTSF exhibited the third-order intercept point (TOI) of + 61 dBm while the 50-Ω CPW HTSF exhibited the TOI of + 54 dBm, both at 60 K. These results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Average coherence approximation for partially coherent optical systems (1996)

We introduce an approximation to the Hopkins integral for partially coherent optical systems. The average coherence approximation yields results close to the Hopkins integral for a wide range of coherent transfer functions and illumination functions and is far less computationally demanding than the full Hopkins integral.
Use of a high spatial resolution microphone to characterize the early reflections generated by a WFS loudspeaker array (2006)

cote interne IRCAM: Caulkins06b
A Novel Kinase Inhibitor of FADD Phosphorylation Chemosensitizes through the Inhibition of NF-κB (2011)

Fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD) is a cytosolic adapter protein essential for mediating death receptor-induced apoptosis. It has also been implicated in a number of nonapoptotic activities including embryogenesis, cell-cycle progression, cell proliferation, and tumorigenesis. Our recent studies have shown that high levels of phosphorylated FADD (p-FADD) in tumor cells correlate with increased activation of the antiapoptotic transcription factor NF-κB and is a biomarker for aggressive disease and poor clinical outcome. These findings suggest that inhibition of FADD phosphorylation is a viable target for cancer therapy. A high-throughput screen using a cell-based assay for monitoring FADD-kinase activity identified NSC 47147 as a small molecule inhibitor of FADD phosphorylation. The compound was evaluated in live cells and mouse tumors for its efficacy as an inhibitor of FADD-kinase activity through the inhibition of casein kinase 1α. NSC 47147 was shown to decrease levels of p-FADD and NF-κB activity such that combination therapy leads to greater induction of apoptosis and enhanced tumor control than either agent alone. The studies described here show the utility of bioluminescent cell-based assays for the identification of active compounds and the validation of drug-target interaction in a living subject. In addition, the presented results provide proof-of-principle studies as to the validity of targeting FADD-kinase activity as a novel cancer therapy strategy.
Generalized variable dimensional set partitioning for embedded wavelet image compression (1999)

A vector enhancement of Said and Pearlman's (1996) set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT) methodology, named VSPIHT, has recently been proposed for embedded wavelet image compression. While the VSPIHT algorithm works better than scalar SPIHT for most images, a common vector dimension to use for coding an entire image may not be optimal. Since statistics vary widely within an image, a greater efficiency can be achieved if different vector dimensions are used for coding the wavelet coefficients from different portions of the image. We present a generalized methodology for developing a variable dimensional set partitioning coder, where different parts of an image may be coded in different vectoring modes, with different scale factors, and up to different number of passes. A Lagrangian rate-distortion criterion is used to make the optimum coding choices. Coding passes are made jointly for the vectoring modes to produce an embedded bitstream.
Identification of oxygen and zinc vacancy optical signals in ZnO (2006)

Photoluminescence spectroscopy has been used to study single crystalline ZnO samples systematically annealed in inert, Zn-rich and O-rich atmospheres. A striking correlation is observed between the choice of annealing ambient and the position of the deep band emission (DBE) often detected in ZnO. In particular, annealing in O2 results in a DBE at 2.35±0.05eV, whereas annealing in the presence of metallic Zn results in DBE at 2.53±0.05eV. The authors attribute the former band to zinc vacancy (VZn) related defects and the latter to oxygen vacancy (VO) related defects. Additional confirmation for the VO and VZn peak identification comes from the observation that the effect is reversible when O- and Zn-rich annealing conditions are switched. After annealing in the presence of ZnO powder, there is no indication for the VZn- or VO-related bands, but the authors observe a low intensity yellow luminescence band peaking at 2.17eV, probably related to Li, a common impurity in hydrothermally grown ZnO.
NIMG-30. REPRODUCIBLE RADIOMIC MAPPING OF TUMOR CELL DENSITY BY MACHINE LEARNING AND DOMAIN ADAPTATION (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND An important challenge in radiomics research is reproducibility. Images are collected on different image scanners and protocols, which introduces significant variability even for the same type of image across institutions. In the present proof-of-concept study, we address the reproducibility issue by using domain adaptation – an algorithm that transforms the radiomic features of each new patient to align with the distribution of features formed by the patient samples in a training set. METHOD Our dataset included 18 patients in training with a total of 82 biopsy sample. The pathological tumor cell density was available for each sample. Radiomic (statistical + texture) features were extracted from the region of six image contrasts locally matched with each biopsy sample. A Gaussian Process (GP) classifier was built to predict tumor cell density using radiomic features. Another 6 patients were used to test the training model. These patients had a total of 31 biopsy samples. The images of each test patient were purposely normalized using a different approach, i.e., using the CSF instead of the whole brain as the reference. This was to mimic the practical scenario of image source discrepancy between different patients. Domain adaptation was applied to each test patient. RESULTS Among the 18 training patients, the leave-one-patient-out cross validation accuracy is 0.81 AUC, 0.78 sensitivity, and 0.83 specificity. When the trained model was applied to the 6 test patients (purposely normalized using a different approach than that of the training data), the accuracy dramatically reduced to 0.39 AUC, 0.08 sensitivity, and 0.61 specificity. After using domain adaption, the accuracy improved to 0.68 AUC, 0.62 sensitivity, and 0.72 specificity. CONCLUSION We provide candidate enabling tools to address reproducibility in radiomics models by using domain adaption algorithms to account for discrepancy of the images between different patients.