gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Indur Samba--a super fine-grain, short-duration, gall midge-resistant rice variety (1997)

This article 'Indur Samba--a super fine-grain, short-duration, gall midge-resistant rice variety' appeared in the International Rice Research Notes series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and rice-based systems. The series is a mechanism to help scientists keep each other informed of current rice research findings. The concise scientific notes are meant to encourage rice scientists to communicate with one another to obtain details on the research reported.
Analysis on the Thyristor Valve Structure of ±500 kV Converter Station (2012)

The structure and electrical components of the thyristor valve for ±500 kV converter station are analyzed.The working principle of the thyristor valve and the role of each component are discussed.And the connection of the 12-pulse thyristor units on both sides of the converter station to AC power system is described.This study may be helpful to the fault prediction of the thyristor valves.
Controlling skin effect heat traced liquid sulfur pipelines with fiber optics (2004)

Sulfur transmission lines have been a continual challenge to the industry because of both the upper and lower temperature limits that are necessary for sulfur product quality. To pump the sulfur a minimum temperature is needed, but if heated to an excessive temperature the sulfur degrades and thickens. This paper explores the physical properties of sulfur, the skin effect heat tracing technology that is used to maintain the pipeline at the required handling temperature as well as the new tool which is available to monitor and control the pipe line temperature. The fiber optic distributed temperature system is also discussed.
HER2-Associated Breast Cancer Signature Using a 3D Culture Model. (2009)

Abstract Background: Carcinomas of the breast account for one third of all cancers occurring in woman and responsible for approximately one quarter of cancer-related deaths in females. The HER2/Neu -oncogene is amplified in 20-25% percent of human primary breast cancers and this alteration is associated with disease behaviour. Whereas signalling pathways emanating from HER2 have been characterized, much less is known about the transcriptionally regulated genes that contribute to HER2 tumorigenic effects.Materials and Methods: Normal and HER2 overexpressing mammary epithelial cells (MCF10A) were grown in extracellular matrix to form 3D structures, which allow epithelial cells to organize into structures that resemble their in vivo architecture. RNA was isolated from the 3D structures and hybridized to an Affymetrix HuGene 1.0 ST oligonucleotide array.Results: Upon HER2 overexpression, mammary epithelial cells lost their polarity and formed disorganized structures in matrigel. Using microarrays we analyzed transcriptional events responsible for the morphological changes and found that several sets of genes such as integral proteins, transcription factors, matrix proteases and chemokines were highly altered in the HER2 overexpressing group. Using gene annotation we defined molecular-pathways which are highly altered in HER2 overexpressing cells. More generally, our study proposes a mechanistic description of the processes underlying the HER2 transcriptional network. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 4146.
Humoral and cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in renal transplant versus dialysis patients: A prospective, multicenter observational study using mRNA-1273 or BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine (2021)

Dialysis patients exhibit a remarkably high seroconversion rate of 95% after boost vaccination, while humoral response is impaired in the majority of transplant recipients. Immunosuppressive drug number and type as well as vaccine type (BNT162b2) are major determinants of seroconversion failure in both dialysis and transplant patients suggesting immune monitoring and adaption of vaccination protocols.
Current and Emerging Therapies in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2010)

Abstract Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide with an overall prevalence in adults &gt;40 years estimated at 9–10%. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that, by 2020, COPD will be the third leading cause of mortality and the fifth leading cause of morbidity in the world. This smoking‐related disease is characterized by progressive airway obstruction that, unlike asthma, is relatively insensitive to bronchodilators and to the classic anti‐inflammatory therapy, corticosteroids. Current therapy focuses mainly on reducing symptoms using inhaled short‐acting and long‐acting bronchodilators either as monotherapies or in combination with inhaled corticosteroids. During the last decade, the pharmaceutical industry has focused on treating COPD distinctly from asthma but no novel agents that target the disease itself have been launched as therapies for this disease. As our understanding of the pathology of COPD has increased it has been established that the progressive pulmonary inflammation that is associated with COPD relates to disease severity. Thus, it is anticipated that drugs that reduce pulmonary inflammation will provide effective, disease‐modifying therapies. Here, we consider the potential of anti‐inflammatory drugs that are currently in clinical development for COPD and discuss how these might reduce pulmonary inflammation in this disease.
Geographic routing made practical (2005)

Geographic routing has been widely hailed as the most promising approach to generally scalable wireless routing. However, the correctness of all currently proposed geographic routing algorithms relies on idealized assumptions about radios and their resulting connectivity graphs. We use testbed measurements to show that these idealized assumptions are grossly violated by real radios, and that these violations cause persistent failures in geographic routing, even on static topologies. Having identified this problem, we then fix it by proposing the Cross-Link Detection Protocol (CLDP), which enables provably correct geographic routing on arbitrary connectivity graphs. We confirm in simulation and further testbed measurements that CLDP is not only correct but practical: it incurs low overhead, exhibits low path stretch, always succeeds in real, static wireless networks, and converges quickly after topology changes.
Human neutrophil dysfunction with giant granules and defective activation of the respiratory burst (1983)

We describe a patient whose peripheral blood neutrophils and bone marrow precursors (beyond promyelocytes) contained multiple large azurophilic granules. There were also giant granules in eosinophils, basophils, melanocytes, renal tubules, thyroid, and neurones, but not lymphocytes or monocytes. His clinical course included recurrent (ultimately fatal) infections and severe neurologic impairment. Immunofluorescent staining with fluoroscein- and rhodamine-conjugated antisera to primary and secondary granule markers showed virtually all of the granulocyte granules and rare monocyte granules to be fusion products containing both markers. Electron microscopy showed the granules to be large peroxidase-containing lysosomes. Only rare normal primary and secondary granules were present. Superoxide generation in response to opsonized zymosan was 7.3 nmole/min/10(6) cells (control 8.9); but in response to phorbol myristate acetate, only 2.2 (control 9.4). Nitroblue tetrazolium slides showed 3+ dye reduction in response to opsonized zymosan by 90% of granulocytes (control 91%) and to phorbol myristate acetate by 22% (control 99%), with 71% producing only a minimal 1+ response. Cellular contents of myeloperoxidase and beta-glucuronidase were elevated, but the percent release during exocytic degranulation was equivalent to control. Ingestion of complement-opsonized Staphylococcus aureus and zymosan was also normal. Killing of Staphylococcus aureus was 60% at 90-min incubation (control 92%). Granulocyte cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) content was 4 pmole/10(7) cells (control 3.1). In order to determine whether these characteristics derived from the cells' genetic program or their environment, the patient's bone marrow was grown in long-term culture. Granulocytes produced in vitro demonstrated the same morphology, same defect in activation of nitroblue tetrazolium reduction, and same normal cyclic AMP level as those harvested from peripheral blood. These studies describe a new disorder of granulocytes; the structural similarity to, but biochemical differences from, Chediak-Higashi disease indicate the probable heterogeneity of mechanisms for the same morphological abnormality.
Machine Learning Based Analysis of Relations between Antigen Expression and Genetic Aberrations in Childhood B-Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (2022)

Flow cytometry technique (FC) is a standard diagnostic tool for diagnostics of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) assessing the immunophenotype of blast cells. BCP-ALL is often associated with underlying genetic aberrations, that have evidenced prognostic significance and can impact the disease outcome. Since the determination of patient prognosis is already important at the initial phase of BCP-ALL diagnostics, we aimed to reveal specific genetic aberrations by finding specific multiple antigen expression patterns with FC immunophenotyping. The FC immunophenotype data were analysed using machine learning methods (gradient boosting, decision trees, classification rules). The obtained results were verified with the use of repeated cross-validation. The t(12;21)/ETV6-RUNX1 aberration occurs more often when blasts present high expression of CD10, CD38, low CD34, CD45 and specific low expression of CD81. The t(v;11q23)/KMT2A is associated with positive NG2 expression and low CD10, CD34, TdT and CD24. Hyperdiploidy is associated with CD123, CD66c and CD34 expression on blast cells. In turn, high expression of CD81, low expression of CD45, CD22 and lack of CD123 and NG2 indicates that none of the studied aberrations is present. Detecting aberrations in pediatric BCP-ALL, based on the expression of multiple markers, can be done with decent efficiency.
Zeolites with Hierarchically Porous Structure: Mesoporous Zeolites (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Mesoporous Zeolites Formed by Posttreatments Mesoporous Zeolites Created by Solid Templates Mesoporous Zeolites Created by Soft Templates Functionalization of Mesoporous Zeolites Perspectives in the Synthesis of Ordered Mesoporous Zeolites References
HUMAN T-CELL LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS-I TAX PROTEIN TRANSACTIVATES IL-2 AND IL-15 GENE TRANSCRIPTION: PATHOGENIC IMPLICATIONS AND RATIONALE FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY. (1999)

O-03 HTLV-I-encoded tax transactivates many cell growth promoting genes. It has been suggested that tax-induced IL-2 and its receptor play a role as a prelude to ATL and that their expression underlies the in vitro spontaneous proliferation of lymphocytes present in TSP. In accord with this view, proliferation was significantly, but not completely, inhibited by ex vivo or in vivo addition of anti-IL-2Rα. However, the blockade was not complete. To address this issue we analyzed the role of tax in the transactivation of IL-15. IL-15 expression was 3-4 fold higher than normal in HTLV-I-infected ATL cells. In addition, by using reporter constructs bearing the 5′ regulatory region of the IL-15 gene, we observed a positive correlation between HTLV-I tax protein expression and IL-15 promoter activity. The spontaneous proliferation in TSP was abrogated by the simultaneous addition of antibodies to both IL-2 and IL-15 or to their receptors. These data represent evidence for transactivation of IL-2, IL-2Rα and IL-15 by HTLV-I tax. These observations support a role for IL-2/15Rs in HTLV-I-associated diseases such as TSP and ATL and suggest that monoclonal antibody therapy directed toward IL-2Rα and to the shared IL-2/15Rβ may be of value in therapy of these diseases.
His···Asp Catalytic Dyad of Ribonuclease A:  Structure and Function of the Wild-Type, D121N, and D121A Enzymes (1998)

The side chains of histidine and aspartate residues form a hydrogen bond in the active sites of many enzymes. In serine proteases, the His...Asp hydrogen bond of the catalytic triad is known to contribute greatly to catalysis, perhaps via the formation of a low-barrier hydrogen bond. In bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A (RNase A), the His...Asp dyad is composed of His119 and Asp121. Previously, site-directed mutagenesis was used to show that His119 has a fundamental role, to act as an acid during catalysis of RNA cleavage [Thompson, J. E., and Raines, R. T. (1994) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 116, 5467-5468]. Here, Asp121 was replaced with an asparagine or alanine residue. The crystalline structures of the two variants were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis to a resolution of 1.6 A with an R-factor of 0.18. Replacing Asp121 with an asparagine or alanine residue does not perturb the overall conformation of the enzyme. In the structure of D121N RNase A, Ndelta rather than Odelta of Asn121 faces His119. This alignment in the crystalline state is unlikely to exist in solution because catalysis by the D121N variant is not compromised severely. The steady-state kinetic parameters for catalysis by the wild-type and variant enzymes were determined for the cleavage of uridylyl(3'-->5')adenosine and poly(cytidylic acid), and for the hydrolysis of uridine 2',3'-cyclic phosphate. Replacing Asp121 decreases the values of kcat/Km and kcat for cleavage by 10-fold (D121N) and 10(2)-fold (D121A). Replacing Asp121 also decreases the values of kcat/Km and kcat for hydrolysis by 10(0. 5)-fold (D121N) and 10-fold (D121A) but has no other effect on the pH-rate profiles for hydrolysis. There is no evidence for the formation of a low-barrier hydrogen bond between His119 and either an aspartate or an asparagine residue at position 121. Apparently, the major role of Asp121 is to orient the proper tautomer of His119 for catalysis. Thus, the mere presence of a His...Asp dyad in an enzymic active site is not a mandate for its being crucial in effecting catalysis.
A language independent method for question classification (2004)

Previous works on question classification are based on complex natural language processing techniques: named entity extractors, parsers, chunkers, etc. While these approaches have proven to be effective they have the disadvantage of being targeted to a particular language. We present here a simple approach that exploits lexical features and the Internet to train a classifier, namely a Support Vector Machine. The main feature of this method is that it can be applied to different languages without requiring major modifications. Experimental results of this method on English, Italian and Spanish show that this approach can be a practical tool for question answering systems, reaching a classification accuracy as high as 88.92%.
Enhancement of tumor-to-nontumor localization ratios by hepatocyte-directed blood clearance of antibodies labeled with certain residualizing radiolabels. (1999)

The method described produced high tumor-to-nontumor ratios at 1 d after injection and may be advantageous for tumor imaging with antibodies. Radiation dosimetry calculations indicate that there is only a slight advantage with this approach for radioimmunotherapy.
Deuterium Oxide (D2O) Induces Early Stress Response Gene Expression and Impairs Growth and Metastasis of Experimental Malignant Melanoma (2021)

There are two stable isotopes of hydrogen, protium (<sup>1</sup>H) and deuterium (<sup>2</sup>H; D). Cellular stress response dysregulation in cancer represents both a major pathological driving force and a promising therapeutic target, but the molecular consequences and potential therapeutic impact of deuterium (<sup>2</sup>H)-stress on cancer cells remain largely unexplored. We have examined the anti-proliferative and apoptogenic effects of deuterium oxide (D<sub>2</sub>O; 'heavy water') together with stress response gene expression profiling in panels of malignant melanoma (A375<sup>V600E</sup>, A375<sup>NRAS</sup>, G361, LOX-IMVI), and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PANC-1, Capan-2, or MIA PaCa-2) cells with inclusion of human diploid Hs27 skin fibroblasts. Moreover, we have examined the efficacy of D<sub>2</sub>O-based pharmacological intervention in murine models of human melanoma tumor growth and metastasis. D<sub>2</sub>O-induction of apoptosis was substantiated by AV-PI flow cytometry, immunodetection of PARP-1, and pro-caspase 3 cleavage, and rescue by pan-caspase inhibition. Differential array analysis revealed early modulation of stress response gene expression in both A375 melanoma and PANC-1 adenocarcinoma cells elicited by D<sub>2</sub>O (90%; ≤6 h) (upregulated: <i>CDKN1A</i>, <i>DDIT3</i>, <i>EGR1</i>, <i>GADD45A</i>, <i>HMOX1</i>, <i>NFKBIA</i>, or <i>SOD2</i> (up to 9-fold; <i>p</i> < 0.01)) confirmed by independent RT-qPCR analysis. Immunoblot analysis revealed rapid onset of D<sub>2</sub>O-induced stress response phospho-protein activation (p-ERK, p-JNK, p-eIF2α, or p-H2AX) or attenuation (p-AKT). Feasibility of D<sub>2</sub>O-based chemotherapeutic intervention (drinking water (30% w/w)) was demonstrated in a severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse melanoma metastasis model using luciferase-expressing A375-Luc2 cells. Lung tumor burden (visualized by bioluminescence imaging) was attenuated by D<sub>2</sub>O, and inhibition of invasiveness was also confirmed in an in vitro Matrigel transwell invasion assay. D<sub>2</sub>O supplementation also suppressed tumor growth in a murine xenograft model of human melanoma, and median survival was significantly increased without causing adverse effects. These data demonstrate for the first time that systemic D<sub>2</sub>O administration impairs growth and metastasis of malignant melanoma through the pharmacological induction of deuterium (<sup>2</sup>H)-stress.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Regiospecific Synthesis of N‐Alkylbenzimidazoles. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Multimodal Neuroprosthetic Interface to Record, Modulate and Classify Electrophysiological Biomarkers Relevant to Neuropsychiatric Disorders (2021)

Most mental disorders, such as addictive diseases or schizophrenia, are characterized by impaired cognitive function and behavior control originating from disturbances within prefrontal neural networks. Their often chronic reoccurring nature and the lack of efficient therapies necessitate the development of new treatment strategies. Brain-computer interfaces, equipped with multiple sensing and stimulation abilities, offer a new toolbox whose suitability for diagnosis and therapy of mental disorders has not yet been explored. This study, therefore, aimed to develop a biocompatible and multimodal neuroprosthesis to measure and modulate prefrontal neurophysiological features of neuropsychiatric symptoms. We used a 3D-printing technology to rapidly prototype customized bioelectronic implants through robot-controlled deposition of soft silicones and a conductive platinum ink. We implanted the device epidurally above the medial prefrontal cortex of rats and obtained auditory event-related brain potentials in treatment-naïve animals, after alcohol administration and following neuromodulation through implant-driven electrical brain stimulation and cortical delivery of the anti-relapse medication naltrexone. Towards smart neuroprosthetic interfaces, we furthermore developed machine learning algorithms to autonomously classify treatment effects within the neural recordings. The neuroprosthesis successfully captured neural activity patterns reflecting intact stimulus processing and alcohol-induced neural depression. Moreover, implant-driven electrical and pharmacological stimulation enabled successful enhancement of neural activity. A machine learning approach based on stepwise linear discriminant analysis was able to deal with sparsity in the data and distinguished treatments with high accuracy. Our work demonstrates the feasibility of multimodal bioelectronic systems to monitor, modulate and identify healthy and affected brain states with potential use in a personalized and optimized therapy of neuropsychiatric disorders.
MeshMon: a multi‐tiered framework for wireless mesh network monitoring (2010)

Abstract Monitoring and troubleshooting a large wireless mesh network (WMN) presents several challenges. Diagnosis of problems related to wireless access in these networks requires a comprehensive set of metrics and network monitoring data. Collection and offloading of a large amount of data are infeasible in a bandwidth constrained mesh network. Additionally, the processing required to analyze data from the entire network restricts the scalability of the system and impacts the ability to perform real‐time fault diagnosis. To this end, we propose MeshMon, a network monitoring framework that includes a multi‐tiered method of data collection. MeshMon, dynamically controls the granularity of data collection based on observed events in the network, thereby achieving significant bandwidth savings and enabling real‐time automated management. Our evaluation of MeshMon on a real testbed shows that we can diagnose a majority (87%) of network faults with a 66% savings in bandwidth required for network monitoring. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Electrical transport between epitaxial manganites and carbon nanotubes (2006)

The possibility of performing spintronics at the molecular level may be realized in devices that combine fully spin polarized oxides, such as manganites with carbon nanotubes. However, it is not clear whether electrical transport between such different material systems is viable. Here, we show that the room-temperature conductance of manganite-nanotube-manganite devices is only one-half of the value recorded in similar palladium-nanotube-palladium devices. Interestingly, the former shows a gap in the conductivity below the relatively high temperature of 200 K. Our results suggest the possibility of new spintronics heterostructures that exploit fully spin polarized sources and drains.
The Value of Integrating Power and Process for the Petrochemical Industry: Copyright Material IEEE, Paper No. PCIC-2018-19 (2018)

Coordination of large distributed measurement and control systems, like SCADA and other process control demands on infrastructure to handle more network services and implementations, require robust networks that connect thousands of remote devices. There are increased deliver a full spectrum of control and monitoring within global operations. The conventional infrastructure and process automation domains typically don't communicate. The advancement of industrial communications provide value to the industry when logically integrated to combat rising costs. Unifying power and process systems within an operation gives value by creating one visualization and reporting environment. This paper will outline a convergent use of the IEC 61850 standard, within process control networks, to provide enhanced process control, monitoring and energy management. It will discuss benefits of unified power and process architecture with enhancements provided by visualization, archiving, and reporting.
Horse Anti-Pneumococcal Immunoglobulins. II. Specific Mouse Protective Activity (1966)

The mouse protecting activity of isolated and purified γM; γA, and γG pneumococcal polysaccharide, type I antibodies was compared. The specific protective activity of γM anti-S1 was found to be approximately 1000 times as much as γA, and 100,000 times that of γG. The γM activity appears to account for the protective action of whole anti-pneumococcal serum.