gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chapter 1. A Brief History and Outlook of Nitroxides (2021)

This introductory chapter briefly describes the major advances in the field of nitroxides since their discovery more than a century ago. A focus on their physico-chemical properties originating their remarkable features such as their stability, magnetic properties, redox properties and chemical reactivity is also given. The field appears to be in an endless growth and the peculiar chemistry, properties and applications of nitroxides underlie the widespread research attention.
Multiscale extended finite element method for deformable fractured porous media (2021)

Deformable fractured porous media appear in many geoscience applications. While the extended finite element method (XFEM) has been successfully developed within the computational mechanics community for accurate modeling of deformation, its application in geoscientific applications is not straightforward. This is mainly due to the fact that subsurface formations are heterogeneous and span large length scales with many fractures at different scales. To resolve this limitation, in this work, we propose a novel multiscale formulation for XFEM, based on locally computed enriched basis functions. The local multiscale basis functions capture heterogeneity of th e porous rock properties, and discontinuities introduced by the fractures. In order to preserve accuracy of these basis functions, reduced-dimensional boundary conditions are set as localization condition. Using these multiscale bases, a multiscale coarse-scale system is then governed algebraically and solved. The coarse scale system entails no enrichment due to the fractures. Such formulation allows for significant computational cost reduction, at the same time, it preserves the accuracy of the discrete displacement vector space. The coarse-scale solution is finally interpolated back to the fine scale system, using the same multiscale basis functions. The proposed multiscale XFEM (MS-XFEM) is also integrated within a two-stage algebraic iterative solver, through which error reduction to any desired level can be achieved. Several proof-of-concept numerical tests are presented to assess the performance of the developed method. It is shown that the MS-XFEM is accurate, when compared with the fine-scale reference XFEM solutions. At the same time, it is significantly more efficient than the XFEM on fine-scale resolution, as it significantly reduces the size of the linear systems. As such, it develops a promising scalable XFEM method for large-scale heavily fractured porous media.
Power scaling of femtosecond enhancement cavities and high-power applications (2011)

An Yb-based 78-MHz repetition rate fiber-amplified frequency comb is used to investigate the power scaling limitations of a standard-design bow tie high-finesse enhancement cavity for XUV generation. With a Xenon gas jet in the 22-&mu;m-radius focus, the 200-fs intra-cavity circulating pulse reaches a maximum of 20 kW of time-averaged power. A novel cavity design is presented, conceived to overcome the observed enhancement limitations and offering the prospect of few-nm high-power high-harmonic generation. Several applications which come into reach for the first time are discussed.
3-Axis magnetic field mapping and fusion for indoor localization (2012)

As location-based services have grown increasingly popular, they have become limited by the inability to acquire accurate location information in indoor environments, where the Global Positioning System does not function. In this field, magnetometers have primarily been used as compasses. As such, they are seen as unreliable sensors when in presence of magnetic field disturbances, which are frequent in indoor environment. This work presents a method to account for and extract useful information from those disturbances. This method leads to improved localization in an indoor environment. Local magnetic disturbances carry enough information to localize without the help of other sensors. We describe an algorithm allowing to do so as long as we have access to a map of those disturbances. We then expose a fast mapping technique to produce such maps and we apply this technique to show the stability of the magnetic disturbances in time. Finally, the proposed localization algorithm is tested in a realistic situation, showing high-quality localization capability.
Stroboscopic testing of LSIs with LVSEM (1984)

Recently, the low-voltage scanning electron microscope (LVSEM) has become the center of wide interest. This is because the SEM has become an indispensable instrument in the field of semiconductor production, where packing density is increasing and device geometry is shrinking to a few microns or less. However, application of the SEM in the semiconductor industries presents two serious problems: (i) electron radiation damage to transistor functions and (ii) charge-up of electrons on insulators. Various reports concerning electron radiation damage have been published (1,2,3), and it has been found that electron energy must be less than 2 kV to minimize radiation damage. Such low energy also avoids the charge-up effect. However, it is quite difficult to get a fine probe at such low energy due to insufficient source brightness and electron optical aberration.
An Operator Overview of the Fiber Infrastructure Evolution (2008)

Abstract In this article, the authors present an operator's view on the evolution towards optical fiber telecommunication networks. First we describe the evolution of standards related to optical fiber. Then we propose a description of hot topics concerning fiber infrastructure over three areas of the telecommunication networks (transport, access, and home). Finally we highlight the key challenges related to fiber-based optical communication networks.
Young Scientist Award 2007 (2008)

The blood brain barrier (BBB) proves a major obstacle for drug delivery to the CNS and with only 1% of drugs able to penetrate the BBB, effective treatment for disorders such as Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is needed. Current therapy available for the treatment of PD gives rise to numerous side-effects and lack prolonged efficacy. A nano-enabled polymeric
device implanted into the subarachnoid cavity of the brain may circumvent these challenges as drug is targeted to the affected areas of the brain and
therefore a lower effective dose is required. The major benefit of an implantable device will be sustained release of drug which is imperative to prevent the ‘end-of-dose wearing-off’ phenomenon.
The device will prove superior in that it serves to overcome the major barriers of current drug delivery systems available for the treatment of PD.
A Pattern Calculus for Rule Languages: Expressiveness, Compilation, and Mechanization (2015)

This paper introduces a core calculus for pattern-matching in production rule languages: the Calculus for Aggregating Matching Patterns (CAMP). CAMP is expressive enough to capture modern rule languages such as JRules, including extensions for aggregation. We show how CAMP can be compiled into a nested-relational algebra (NRA), with only minimal extension. This paves the way for applying relational techniques to running rules over large stores. Furthermore, we show that NRA can also be compiled back to CAMP, using named nested-relational calculus (NNRC) as an intermediate step. We mechanize proofs of correctness, program size preservation, and type preservation of the translations using modern theorem-proving techniques. A corollary of the type preservation is that polymorphic type inference for both CAMP and NRA is NP-complete. CAMP and its correspondence to NRA provide the foundations for efficient implementations of rules languages using databases technologies.
Supported Molecular Catalysts (2018)

Abstract This Editorial presents the Special Issue on Supported Molecular Catalysts as a forum to discuss recent advances in the immobilization and heterogenization of molecular catalysts. The scope ranges from organic synthesis and highly selective reactions through to photocatalysis and electrocatalysis, including advances in enzyme immobilization methodology. The outcome is a wide spectrum of papers encompassing all the old formal domains of catalysis research of both primary and secondary research.
Video and Subdivision based Mesh Coding (2022)

This article presents a new compression scheme for 3D dynamic meshes, referred to as Video and Subdivision based Mesh Coding (VSMC). The VSMC approach combines a displaced subdivision surface model with video-based coding in order to achieve efficient compression performance and real-time, low-power decoding and playback. In addition, VSMC supports a rich set of functionalities including scalability (spatial, temporal, and quality) and progressive transmission. The proposed scheme [1] was shown to outperform the anchor for the MPEG Call for Proposals on Dynamic Mesh coding [2] and was recently selected by the ISO MPEG 3D Graphics Coding group as the basis for the upcoming Video-based Dynamic Mesh Coding standard.
Extracellular Matrix for Myocardial Repair (2005)

We conclude that porcine ECM scaffolds alter the typical scar tissue healing response in myocardial tissue and instead support vascularization and the local development of multiple tissue types, including contractile myocardium.
58.1: 3D Interactive (3D Touch) Display with Embedded Optical Sensor (2010)

Abstract A new 3D interactive display system with embedded optical sensor has been proposed. This study focus on a lighting mode which uses LED light source as a 3D interactive device. Lighting mode is not affected by ambient light from the environment because extra LED is used. Changes of LED light shapes determine LED 3D coordinate in captured images are insufficient when LED position is in inclined direction or has a rotation angle. Therefore, a new algorithm was demonstrated to calculate LED position (X,Y,Z) where inclined angles were from θ=0° ∼ θ=40° and between 1cm∼5cm on 2.83 inch panel. Additionally, unlike the current 3D interactive systems, this paper proposed 3D interactive display can interact as 2D and 3D touch function simultaneously.
High-Speed Digital Double Sampling with Analog CDS on Column Parallel ADC Architecture for Low-Noise Active Pixel Sensor (2006)

A progressive 1/1.8-inch 1920times1440 CMOS image sensor with a column-inline dual CDS architecture uses a 0.18mum CMOS process. This sensor implements digital double sampling with analog CDS on a column parallel ADC. Random noise is 5.2e- <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rms</sub> and the DR is 68dB at 180frames/s(6.0Gb/s). FPN is <0.5e- <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rms</sub> without the correction circuit
Suppression of the Dielectric Secondary Relaxation of Poly(2-vinylpyridine) by Strong Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonding (2004)

The secondary relaxation of poly(2-vinylpyridine) (PVPy) in a complex and blends with poly(4-vinylphenol) (PVPh) was studied by broadband dielectric spectroscopy. The polymer complex can be obtained by mixing PVPh and PVPy in methyl ethyl ketone as a result of the very strong hydrogen bonding between two polymers, and it has a glass transition temperature higher than that of either component. The secondary relaxation of PVPy is clearly suppressed in the complex, and it is found that the reduction of its dielectric relaxation strength is approximately proportional to the intermolecular hydrogen bonding fraction. In addition, the relaxation time of unassociated PVPy side groups is also slowed down by about 1 decade compared to that of the neat PVPy. Homogeneous PVPh/PVPy blends can be achieved if the polymers are mixed in N,N-dimethylformamide. However, the degree of intercomponent hydrogen bonding is much lower in the blends, and therefore the suppression of the PVPy secondary relaxation is not as significant as in the complex. Furthermore, by comparing with results reported earlier, it is concluded that the stronger the intermolecular hydrogen bonding, the more significantly it influences the secondary relaxation of the proton-accepting component.
Is the humeral stem useful in anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty? (2017)

Stemless TSA provides the same results as compared to TSA with a humeral stem. We are still unsure as to the nature of the lucent zones and we are continuing our investigation to better understand this radiological phenomenon.
Green Process Concepts for the Pharmaceutical Industry (2000)

Process concepts for producing drug particles using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) as an antisolvent and for substrate coating employing scCO2 as the fluidizing medium and antisolvent are described. Particle micronization with scCO2 allows for reproducible crystal formation with the potential for increased surface area and dissolution rates. Coating with scCO2 allows the use of traditional organic-soluble coatings with complete solvent recovery and virtually no atmospheric emissions. For formation of drug nanoparticles, an ultrasonic nozzle that employs scCO2 as the energizing medium is used to form droplets of the drug-laden solution. The scCO2 also selectively extracts the solvent from the droplets, precipitating the drug. Submicron particles of hydrocortisone and ibuprofen (600 nanometers or less) formed in this manner are presented. Advantages include the production of virtually solvent-free drug particles in a narrow size range. For particle coating, scCO2 is used to fluidize the core substrate particles. The scCO2 also removes the solvent from the coating solution sprayed on the substrates, thereby precipitating the coating. This coating process expands the range of substrate/coating combinations possible with the conventional air-suspension Wurster coater, making it feasible to coat water-soluble substrates with solutes sprayed from organic solutions.
Zelluläre Lokalisation und Regulation von Hepcidin bei Hämochromatose (2004)

Einleitung: Dysfunktionen im Eisenstoffwechsel stellen wegen ihrer Häufigkeit, des ungeklärten Pathomechanismus und der fehlenden Therapiemöglichkeiten ein großes medizinisches Problem dar. Das neue Peptidhormon Hepcidin, das aus dem Blut und Urin isoliert wurde, hemmt die Eisenresorption im Dünndarm und stellt einen zentralen Regulator des Eisenstoffwechsels dar. Mutationen des Peptids führen zum Krankheitsbild der Hämochromatose. Ziele: Wir untersuchten die Expression und zelluläre Lokalisation von Hepcidin in der Leber und seine Regulation in Patienten mit hereditärer Hämochromatose (HH) und chronisch renaler Insuffizienz (CRI). Methodik: Hepcidin wurde mittels RT-PCR, Western-Blot und Immunhistochemie mit spezifischen Hepcidin-Antikörpern in der menschlichen Leber nachgewiesen. Seine Serum-Konzentrationen in den Patientengruppen wurden mit einem sensitiven ELISA gemessen. Ergebnis: Hepcidin ist als ein 10 kDa Prohormon am basolateralen Zellpol der Hepatozyten lokalisiert. Die zelluläre Verteilung in der Leber konzentriert sich hauptsächlich in den Hepatozyten um die Glissonschen Trias herum, die den ersten Kontakt mit dem Eisen-reichen enteralen Blut haben, und nimmt in Richtung der Zentralvene ab. Hepcidin wird von den Hepatozyten als Prohormon in die Blutbahn abgegeben. Pro-Hepcidin akkumuliert im Serum von Patienten mit CRI (148 ng/ml, Kontrollgruppe: 106 ng/ml), was die renale Elimination des Peptides zeigt. In Patienten mit HH (70 ng/ml) ist Pro-Hepcidin signifikant herunterreguliert. Schlussfolg.: Niedrige Pro-Hepcidin-Konzentrationen im Serum von Patienten mit HH spielen eine wichtige Rolle in der Pathogenese dieser Erkrankung.
Wet-recess process optimization of a developer-soluble gap-fill material for planarization of trenches in trench-first dual damascene process (2006)

This paper describes a new approach to help overcome the challenges of fabricating leading-edge devices by using the trench first dual damascene process. Wet gap-fill materials are designed to reduce film thickness bias across a wafer while keeping wafers in the same track in which they were coated. As the first process step, the wafer is coated with a thick layer of wet gap-fill material to fill all trenches, thus guarding against resist pooling in the trenches. The substrate is then baked to partially cure the wet gap-fill material. Standard 0.26N tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) is then used to wet etch the wet gap-fill layer back to the substrate surface. For this study, substrates with different trench depths and widths were processed, cross-sectioned, and measured. The effect of trench dimensions and aspect ratio on the develop properties of WGF200-343 was investigated to see if it could be used as a wet trench-fill material. This work will help develop a process that will allow the use of trench-first DD processing in modern semiconductor manufacturing.
Ultra Low Power Electro-optic Modulator on Silicon: Towards Direct Logic Driven Silicon Modulators (2010)

We demonstrate ultra-low switching energy (9.4 fJ/bit), ultra-low swing voltage (150 mV peak-peak) electro-optic modulation in a 2.5 μm radius silicon ring modulator. These results can enable direct logic driven silicon modulators.
Toward Metal–Organic Framework-Based Solar Cells: Enhancing Directional Exciton Transport by Collapsing Three-Dimensional Film Structures (2016)

Owing to their ability to act as light-harvesting scaffolds, porphyrin-containing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are in the forefront of research on the application of highly ordered molecular materials to problems in solar-energy conversion. In this work, solvent-assisted linker exchange (SALE) is performed on a pillared paddlewheel porphyrin containing MOF thin film to collapse a 3D framework to a 2D framework. The change in dimensionality of the framework is confirmed by a decrease in the film thickness, the magnitude of which is in agreement with crystallographic parameters for related bulk materials. Furthermore, NMR spectroscopy performed on the digested sample suggests a similar change in geometry is achieved in bulk MOF samples. The decreased distance between the porphyrin chromophores in the 2D MOF film compared to the 3D film results in enhanced energy transfer through the film. The extent of energy transport was probed by assembling MOF thin film where the outermost layers are palladium porphyrin (P2) units, which act as energy traps and fluorescence quenchers. Steady-state emission spectroscopy together with time-resolved emission spectroscopy indicates that excitons can travel through about 9-11 layers (porphyrin layers) in 2D films, whereas in 3D films energy transfer occurs through no more than about 6-8 layers. The results are difficult to understand if only changes in MOF interlayer spacing are considered but become much more understandable if dipole-dipole coupling distances are considered.
BLOCKADE OF SONIC HEDGEHOG PATHWAY INHIBITS THE PROLIFERATION AND CONTRIBUTES TO THE ENHANCEMENT OF CHEMOSENSITIVITY OF BLADDER CANCER CELLS (2009)

You have accessJournal of Urology1 Apr 2009BLOCKADE OF SONIC HEDGEHOG PATHWAY INHIBITS THE PROLIFERATION AND CONTRIBUTES TO THE ENHANCEMENT OF CHEMOSENSITIVITY OF BLADDER CANCER CELLS Yoshiyuki Matsui, Shintaro Narita, Boris A Hadaschik, Martin E Gleave, and Alan I So Yoshiyuki MatsuiYoshiyuki Matsui More articles by this author , Shintaro NaritaShintaro Narita More articles by this author , Boris A HadaschikBoris A Hadaschik More articles by this author , Martin E GleaveMartin E Gleave More articles by this author , and Alan I SoAlan I So More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(09)61155-1AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "BLOCKADE OF SONIC HEDGEHOG PATHWAY INHIBITS THE PROLIFERATION AND CONTRIBUTES TO THE ENHANCEMENT OF CHEMOSENSITIVITY OF BLADDER CANCER CELLS." The Journal of Urology, 181(4S), p. 406 © 2009 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 181Issue 4SApril 2009Page: 406 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2009 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Yoshiyuki Matsui More articles by this author Shintaro Narita More articles by this author Boris A Hadaschik More articles by this author Martin E Gleave More articles by this author Alan I So More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Optimal Donor Doping of Cd(Zn)Te Detector-Grade Crystals (2012)

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Low-Temperature Processed Ga-Doped ZnO Coatings from Colloidal Inks (2013)

We present a new colloidal synthesis of gallium-doped zinc oxide nanocrystals that are transparent in the visible and absorb in the near-infrared. Thermal decomposition of zinc stearate and gallium nitrate after hot injection of the precursors in a mixture of organic amines leads to nanocrystals with tunable properties according to gallium amount. Substitutional Ga(3+) ions trigger a plasmonic resonance in the infrared region resulting from an increase in the free electrons concentration. These nanocrystals can be deposited by spin coating, drop casting, and spray coating resulting in homogeneous and high-quality thin films. The optical transmission of the Ga-ZnO nanoparticle assemblies in the visible is greater than 90%, and at the same time, the near-infrared absorption of the nanocrystals is maintained in the films as well. Several strategies to improve the films electrical and optical properties have been presented, such as UV treatments to remove the organic compounds responsible for the observed interparticle resistance and reducing atmosphere treatments on both colloidal solutions and thin films to increase the free carriers concentration, enhancing electrical conductivity and infrared absorption. The electrical resistance of the nanoparticle assemblies is about 30 kΩ/sq for the as-deposited, UV-exposed films, and it drops down to 300 Ω/sq after annealing in forming gas at 450 °C, comparable with state of the art tin-doped indium oxide coatings deposited from nanocrystal inks.
Laparoscopic Living Donor Right Hepatectomy Regarding the Anatomical Variation of the Portal Vein: A Propensity Score–Matched Analysis (2021)

This study is designed to analyze the feasibility of laparoscopic living donor right hemihepatectomy in living donors with portal vein variation. Living donor liver transplantation cases using a right liver graft during the period of January 2014 to September 2019 were included. Computed tomographic angiographies of the donor were 3-dimensionally reconstructed, and the anatomical variation of the portal vein was classified. To reduce selection bias, a 1:1 ratio propensity score-matched analysis between the laparoscopy group and the open group was performed. Surgical and recovery-related outcomes as well as portal vein complication-free survival, graft survival, and overall survival rates were analyzed. After matching, 171 cases in each group from 444 original cases were compared. The laparoscopy group had a shorter operation time (P < 0.001), a smaller number of additional opioids required by the donor (P < 0.001), and a shorter hospital stay (P < 0.001). There were no differences in the portal vein complication-free survival (P = 0.16), graft survival (P = 0.26), or overall survival rates (P = 0.53). Although portal vein complication-free survival was inferior in portal veins other than type I (P = 0.01), the laparoscopy group showed similar portal vein complication-free survival regardless of the anatomical variation of portal vein (P = 0.35 in type I and P = 0.30 in other types). Laparoscopic living donor right hemihepatectomy can be performed as safely as open surgery regardless of the anatomical variation of the portal vein.