gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hybrid inorganic–organic poly(carborane‐siloxane‐arylacetylene) structural isomers with in‐chain aromatics: Synthesis and properties (2013)

ABSTRACT Structural isomers of thermo‐oxidatively stable poly(carborane‐siloxane‐arylacetylene) (PCSAA), namely, m ‐PCSAA and p ‐PCSAA, were synthesized by the reaction of the dimagnesium salts of m ‐diethynylbenzene or p ‐diethynylbenzene with 1,7‐bis(chlorotetramethyldisiloxyl)‐ m ‐carborane. The developed polymers have exceptional thermo‐oxidative properties similar to their diacetylene counterpart poly(carborane‐siloxane‐acetylene), PCSA. Thermal treatment of either of the PCSAAs results in a fully crosslinked thermoset by 500 °C resulting from the cycloaddition reactions involving the acetylene and aryl functionalities and subsequent formation of bridging disilylmethylene entities as discerned from Fourier transform infrared, 13 C and 29 Si solid‐state NMR, and XPS studies. X‐ray diffraction analysis revealed that the thermosets obtained from p ‐PCSAA possess enhanced crystallinity when compared to that obtained from m ‐PCSAA possibly due to more efficient packing interactions of the p ‐diethynylbenzene groups during thermoset formation. The presence of the aryl groups in the backbone of the PCSAAs' chains appeared to have enhanced the storage and bulk moduli of their thermosets when compared to the thermoset of PCSA. Dielectric studies of m ‐PCSAA and p ‐PCSAA revealed segmental relaxation peaks, α, above their glass transition temperatures with p ‐PCSAA exhibiting a broader peak with a slower relaxation rate than m ‐PCSAA. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. † J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 2638–2650
An application of the ultrasonic pulse echo technique to the measurement of crispness of biscuits (1981)

Abstract The possibility of developing an objective method of measuring the crispness of biscuits using the ultrasonic pulse echo technique was investigated. An encouraging relationship between the crispness (from sensory measurement) and the velocity of longitudinal sound was found. A similar, but less convincing relationship was found between crispness and ultra sonic attenuation. The ultrasonic velocity shows a better correlation with crispness than does the ultrasonically derived Young's modulus.
2-Octyl-Cyanoacrylate Injection for Acute Gastric Variceal Hemorrhage: 15-Year Experience of Outcomes and Predictors of Acute Rebleeding (2015)

Introduction: Endoscopic injection of 2-octyl cyanoacrylate (2-OCA) has been used as an off-label treatment for gastric variceal hemorrhage (GVH) in the U.S. We assessed the efficacy, safety and predictors of acute rebleeding following gastric variceal obturation (GVO) with 2-OCA injection in patients with acute GVH. Methods: The electronic medical records of all patients who underwent 2-OCA injection for acute GVH from 2000 to 2015 were reviewed. Rates and predictors of successful hemostasis, including cyanoacrylate-related adverse events, were evaluated. Results: Ninety-five patients (63 males, mean age 58 ±14 years) were admitted to the hospital for acute GVH and underwent 2-OCA injection. All patients were included in the analysis, with follow-up throughout their hospital stay and up to a month after discharge. Causes of portal hypertension resulting in gastric varices included cirrhosis from alcohol (43%), steatohepatitis (32%), viral hepatitis (22%) and cryptogenic causes (3%). Gastric varices were categorized using Sarin classification: GOV-1 (3%), GOV-2 (61%) and IGV-1 (36%). All patients received standard medical therapy for acute variceal bleeding. Immediate hemostasis was achieved in 95 (100%) patients. Successful GVO, defined as sustained in-hospital hemostasis, was observed in 87 (91.6%) patients. Failed GVO was observed in 8 (8.4%) patients with in-hospital gastric variceal rebleeding. Between the successful and failed GVO groups, there were no differences with regard to patient demographics, hemoglobin level, platelet count, INR, type of gastric varices, amount of injected 2-OCA, and proportion of patients with ascites or encephalopathy at the time of 2-OCA injection. The MELD scores of patients who had failed GVO (median: 29, range: 14-40) were significantly higher than those with successful GVO (12, 6-24) (p< 0.01). There were 2 cases of glue-related pulmonary embolism (PE). All cause in-hospital mortality was 15% due to uncontrolled gastric variceal rebleeding (n=3), renal failure (n=6), metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (n=1), hemorrhagic stroke (n=1) and pulmonary embolism (n=1). No further GVH occurred in patients with successful GVO within a month of hospital discharge. Conclusion: 2-OCA injection achieves >90% hemostasis in patients admitted for acute GVH. A high MELD score was associated with an increased risk of early rebleeding (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.1-1.4, p < 0.01).
DNA Adductomics by mass tag prelabeling (2021)

CAX-Prelabeling is an emerging new technique for DNA adductomics, providing polar DNA adductomics in a practical way for the first time. Further study of the method is encouraged to better characterize and extend its performance, especially in scope and sensitivity.
Development of the laser stir welding process for aluminum laser beam welding (2005)

Laser stir welding involves the manipulation of the laser beam to provide hydrodynamic stirring and subsequent healing of the keyhole. Since aluminum alloys tend to be especially sensitive to keyhole stability, the process has been conceived for laser beam welding of these alloys. Based on this potential, evaluations were conducted on 3 mm thick aluminum alloy 6013-T4 using laser beam and laser stir welding processes for producing butt, lap, and fillet welds. Results of the evaluation indicated that the welds produced using the laser stir welding process displayed less weld defects when compared to the laser beam welding process. However, analyses indicated that there were other advantages that could be attributed to the laser stir welding process. These were: the ability of the process to accommodate larger gaps, the production of wider welds at the faying surface for lap welds, and decreasing the sensitivity of wire placement when adding filler wire. This presentation will describe the laser stir welding process and resultant weld characteristics in comparison to laser beam welding. These attributes have been defined based on the results of metallographic analyses, radiographic inspection, and mechanical testing.
CATT: a new and non-chemical pest and nematode control method in strawberry planting stock (2015)

ISHS XXIX International Horticultural Congress on Horticulture: Sustaining Lives, Livelihoods and Landscapes (IHC2014): International Symposia on Innovative Plant Protection in Horticulture, Biosecurity, Quarantine Pests, and Market Access CATT: a new and non-chemical pest and nematode control method in strawberry planting stock
On the Optimality of Treating Inter-Cell Interference as Noise: Downlink Cellular Networks and Uplink-Downlink Duality (2020)

We consider the information-theoretic optimality of treating inter-cell interference as noise (multi-cell TIN) in downlink cellular networks. We focus on scenarios modeled by the Gaussian interfering broadcast channel (IBC), comprising K mutually interfering Gaussian broadcast channels (BCs), each formed by a base station communicating independent messages to an arbitrary number of users. We establish a new power allocation duality between the IBC and its dual interfering multiple access channel (IMAC), which entails that the corresponding generalized degrees-of-freedom regions achieved through multi-cell TIN and power control (TINA regions) for both networks are identical. As by-products of this duality, we obtain an explicit characterization of the IBC TINA region from a previously established characterization of the IMAC TINA region; and identify a multi-cell convex-TIN regime in which the IBC TINA region is a polyhedron (hence convex) without the need for time-sharing. We then identify a smaller multi-cell TIN regime in which the IBC TINA region is optimal and multi-cell TIN achieves the entire capacity region of the IBC, up to a constant gap. This is accomplished by deriving a new genie-aided outer bound for the IBC, that reveals a novel BC-type order that holds amongst users in each constituent BC (or cell) under inter-cell interference, which in turn is not implied by previously known BC-type orders (i.e. degraded, less noisy and more capable orders). The multi-cell TIN regime that we identify for the IBC coincides with a corresponding multi-cell TIN regime previously identified for the IMAC, hence establishing a comprehensive uplink-downlink duality of multi-cell TIN in the GDoF (and approximate capacity) sense.
Strategies to potentiate immune response after photodynamic therapy (Conference Presentation) (2017)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been used as a cancer therapy for forty years but has not yet advanced to a mainstream cancer treatment. Although PDT has been shown to be an efficient photochemical way to destroy local tumors by a combination of non-toxic dyes and harmless visible light, it is its additional effects in mediating the stimulation of the host immune system that gives PDT a great potential to become more widely used. Although the stimulation of tumor-specific cytotoxic T-cells that can destroy distant tumor deposits after PDT has been reported in some animal models, it remains the exception rather than the rule. This realization has prompted several investigators to test various combination approaches that could potentiate the immune recognition of tumor antigens that have been released after PDT. Some of these combination approaches use immunostimulants including various microbial preparations that activate Toll-like receptors and other receptors for pathogen associated molecular patterns. Other approaches use cytokines and growth factors whether directly administered or genetically encoded. A promising approach targets regulatory T-cells. We believe that by understanding the methods employed by tumors to evade immune response and neutralizing them, more precise ways of potentiating PDT-induced immunity can be devised.
Intracellular ZnO Nanorods Conjugated with Protoporphyrin for Local Mediated Photochemistry and Efficient Treatment of Single Cancer Cell (2010)

ZnO nanorods (NRs) with high surface area to volume ratio and biocompatibility is used as an efficient photosensitizer carrier system and at the same time providing intrinsic white light needed to achieve cancer cell necrosis. In this letter, ZnO nanorods used for the treatment of breast cancer cell (T47D) are presented. To adjust the sample for intracellular experiments, we have grown the ZnO nanorods on the tip of borosilicate glass capillaries (0.5 μm diameter) by aqueous chemical growth technique. The grown ZnO nanorods were conjugated using protoporphyrin dimethyl ester (PPDME), which absorbs the light emitted by the ZnO nanorods. Mechanism of cytotoxicity appears to involve the generation of singlet oxygen inside the cell. The novel findings of cell-localized toxicity indicate a potential application of PPDME-conjugated ZnO NRs in the necrosis of breast cancer cell within few minutes.
Large-area high-reflectivity broadband monolithic silicon photonic crystal mirror MEMS scanner (2008)

In this paper we introduce a MEMS scanner with a monolithic silicon 2-D photonic crystal (PC) mirror with broad-band high reflectivity (>90%) in the 1550 nm wavelength band. The photonic crystal is generated as an integrated part of the MEMS scanner fabrication process, resulting in a monolithic structure with a mirror that is ultra-flat with ~lambda/100 flatness over a 500 mum times 500 mum area. The reflectance spectrum shows that the PC mirror has a high reflectivity (>90%) band from 1520 nm-1620 nm. The scanner has a scan range of 22 degrees at an input square wave of 67 V with a resonance frequency of 2.13 kHz.
Optoelectronic Techniques For Microwave Signal Processing (1989)

Research in the use of guided wave optics for processing of wideband signals is reviewed, and advantages and limitations of the technology are discussed. The signal processors employ electrooptic and fiber optic components to perform such functions as spectral analysis of radio-frequency signals, correlation and matched filtering, code and waveform synthesis, signal delay and storage, and analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog conversion. In most cases the guided-wave approach is distinguished by the ability to perform a particular function at very high analog bandwidths or digital data rates. In concluding remarks, an effort is made to provide some perspective on competing technologies and to indicate some areas where future research might prove fruitful.
Unitary nonuniform space-time constellations for the broadcast channel (2003)

We propose a new class of unitary space-time matrix constellations that have nonuniform error performance. Such codes are important for transmission over a broadcast, or point-to-multipoint, communication channel and when scalable source coding is used. Our new codes can be encoded differentially and are based entirely on phase-shift keying. Analytical design criteria are discussed and a simulation result is presented to exemplify the designs.
Using intracellular markers to identify a novel set of surface markers for live cell purification from a heterogeneous hIPSC culture (2018)

Human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can provide sources for midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neural progenitors (NPCs) for cell therapy to treat Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. However, the well-known line-to-cell line variability in the differentiation capacity of individual cell lines needs to be improved for the success of this therapy. To address this issue, we sought to identify mDA NPC specific cell surface markers for fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS). Through RNA isolation after sorting for NPCs based on staining for cell-specific transcription factors followed by microarray, we identified two positive cell surface markers (CORIN and CD166) and one negative cell surface marker (CXCR4) for mDA NPC sorting. These three markers can enrich floor plate NPCs to 90% purity, and the sorted NPCs more efficiently differentiate to mature dopaminergic neurons compared to unsorted or CORIN<sup>+</sup> alone mDA NPCs. This surface marker identification strategy can be used broadly to facilitate isolation of cell subtypes of interest from heterogeneous cultures.
Enantioselective Carbonyl‐Ene Reactions of Trifluoropyruvate in Ionic Liquid via a Recyclable Indium(III)‐Pybox Complex (2010)

Abstract A highly enantioselective carbonyl‐ene reaction of trifluoropyruvate catalyzed by a recyclable indium(III)‐pybox complex in ionic liquid afforded trifluoromethyl‐containing tertiary homoallylic alcohols with excellent yields (up to 98%) and enantioselectivities (up to 98% ee ). Notably, this catalytic system can be recycled up to seven cycles.
Hybrid transformer-based tunable integrated duplexer with antenna impedance tracking loop (2013)

Electrical balance between the antenna and the balance network impedances is crucial for achieving high isolation in a hybrid transformer duplexer. In this paper an auto calibration loop for tuning a novel integrated balance network to track the antenna impedance variations is introduced. It achieves an isolation of more than 50 dB in the transmit and receive bands with an antenna VSWR within 2:1 and between 1.7 and 2.2 GHz. The duplexer along with a cascaded direct-conversion receiver achieves a noise figure of 5.3 dB a conversion gain of 45 dB and consumes 34 mA. The insertion loss in the transmit path was less than 3.8 dB. Implemented in a 65-nm CMOS process the chip occupies an active area of 2.2 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Point of View (2006)

From Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois. The manuscript submitted does not contain information about medical device(s)/drug(s). No funds were received in support of this work. No benefits in any form have been or will be received from a commercial party related directly or indirectly to the subject of this manuscript. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Frank M. Phillips, MD, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612; E-mail: [email protected]
Metabolism of organochlorine pesticide heptachlor and its metabolite heptachlor epoxide by white rot fungi, belonging to genus Phlebia (2010)

White rot fungi of the genus Phlebia have demonstrated a high capacity to degrade organic pollutants, including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls. In this study, we evaluated the ability of 18 white rot fungi species of genus Phlebia to degrade heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide, and described the metabolic pathways by selected white rot fungi. Phlebia tremellosa, Phlebia brevispora and Phlebia acanthocystis removed about 71%, 74% and 90% of heptachlor, respectively, after 14 days of incubation. A large amount of heptachlor epoxide and a small amount of 1-hydroxychlordene and 1-hydroxy-2,3-epoxychlordene were detected as metabolic products of heptachlor from most fungal cultures. The screening of heptachlor epoxide-degrading fungi revealed that several fungi are capable of degrading heptachlor epoxide, which is a recalcitrant metabolite of heptachlor. Phlebia acanthocystis, P. brevispora, Phlebia lindtneri and Phlebia aurea removed about 16%, 16%, 22% and 25% of heptachlor epoxide, respectively, after 14 days of incubation. Heptachlor diol and 1-hydroxy-2,3-epoxychlordene were produced in these fungal cultures as metabolites, suggesting that the hydrolysis and hydroxylation reaction occur in the epoxide ring and in position 1 of heptachlor epoxide, respectively.
Comment on mr-2022-6 (2022)

<strong class="journal-contentHeaderColor">Abstract.</strong> It was recently reported (Xie et al., 2022) that the Abelson tyrosine kinase (Abl) ATP-site inhibitor imatinib also binds to Abl's myristoyl binding pocket, which is the target of allosteric Abl inhibitors. This was based on a crystal structure of a truncated Abl kinase domain construct in complex with imatinib bound to the allosteric site as well as further isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), NMR, and kinase activity data. Although imatinib's affinity for the allosteric site is significantly weaker (10â<span class="inline-formula">Âµ</span>M) than for the ATP site (10ânM), imatinib binding to the allosteric site may disassemble the regulatory core of Abl, thereby stimulating kinase activity, in particular for Abl mutants with reduced imatinib ATP-site affinity. It was argued that the previously observed imatinib-induced opening of the Abl regulatory core (Skora et al., 2013; Sonti et al., 2018) may be caused by the binding of imatinib to the allosteric site and not to the ATP site. We show here that this is not the case but that indeed imatinib binding to the ATP site induces the opening of the regulatory core at nanomolar concentrations. This agrees with findings that other type-II ATP-site inhibitors (nilotinib, ponatinib) disassemble the regulatory core despite demonstrated negligible binding to the allosteric site.
Where There's Fire There's.... (2003)

In this Activity, students compare the combustion of substances such as a glowing wooden toothpick and a lit birthday candle in air, oxygen, exhaled breath, and carbon dioxide environments. The oxygen and carbon dioxide gases are generated in glass bottles using household chemicals. Oxygen is generated using chlorine bleach and 3% hydrogen peroxide; carbon dioxide is generated using baking soda and 5% vinegar. The Activity can be used to explore the chemistry of oxygen and combustion, and may be used to illustrate reaction kinetics, in particular the effect of reactant (oxygen) concentration on the apparent rate of a combustion reaction.
Determination of pyrolysis kinetic parameters of San Miguel (Texas) lignite. Final report. [650 to 800/sup 0/C; atmospheric pressure] (1982)

The thermal decomposition of lignite in the absence of oxygen (pyrolysis) is important as a part of processes for converting lignite to more desirable fuels or for recovery of energy from deep basin lignite. The pyrolysis reaction kinetics of San Miguel (Texas) lignite has been experimentally studied in the temperature range 650 to 800/sup 0/C at atmospheric pressure. Gas and tar produced were collected and measured, and weight change as a function of time was measured. Lignite decomposition into gas, tar, and char can be described by three parallel first order reactions. In the temperature range investigated, the rates of pyrolysis are controlled by intraparticle transport phenomena. A simplified kinetic-transport model was used to estimate the individual reaction rate constants and activation energies. The gas produced was found to consist primarily of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen, with some methane, ethane, ethylene, and a trace C/sub 3/ compounds. Sample temperature increases and theoretical calculations indicate that oxygen from the lignite structure may be oxidizing lignite or pyrolysis products. It is recommended that, after suitable equipment modifications, the investigation be extended to study combined oxidation and pyrolysis of lignite.
OP06.01: Quantitative ultrasound measurement of endometrial waves in adenomyosis versus women with normal uteri: the WAVES study (2022)

Comparison of uterine contractions via quantitative 2D transvaginal ultrasound measurements in women with adenomyosis compared to healthy controls. In this multicentre prospective observational cohort study, 29 women with adenomyosis with a natural menstrual cycle were compared to 70 women with normal uteri and menstrual cycles. Patients were included from September 2014 - January 2022 in 3 centres. Primary outcomes were the contraction frequency (contractions/minute), amplitude, direction (Cervix-to-fundus, Fundus-to-cervix), and coordination. Women underwent a 4-minute ultrasound of the uterus in mid-sagittal section. Uterine motion analysis was implemented by a dedicated speckle-tracking algorithm; with frequency, amplitude, coordination and velocity-related features extracted from the derived signals to characterise uterine contractions. Measurements were carried out at different points of the menstrual cycle (Menstrual phase, Periovulatory phase and Luteal phase). Results differed most significantly between groups in the periovulatory phase, with women with adenomyosis showing lower frequency, higher amplitude and lower velocity of uterine contractions (P < 0.05). In the menstrual phase, women with adenomyosis showed a trend toward higher contraction frequency, amplitude and velocity (p > 0.05). Across all phases, women with adenomyosis showed a trend towards reduced contraction coordination. This was statistically significant in the late luteal phase (P = 0.018). Our results confirm differences in uterine movement in abnormal versus healthy uteri. This could add to the etiological understanding of clinical symptoms of these conditions. The notable difference between groups regarding coordination identifies this features a s a potential etiological or therapeutic marker (i.e. for dysmenorrhoea). Further research in women with (other) benign uterine disorders will hopefully lead to a better understanding of the clinical implications of abnormal uterine contractility in this population.
Power management technique for 1-V LSIs using embedded processor (2002)

A new power management technique is proposed for low-power, high-speed LSIs. This technique reduces the power consumption and enhances the performance of an LSI by using an embedded small processor to control the sleep modes and the processing of the LSI. Using this technique for a low-power DSP, the total power is reduced to about 10% of one without this technique, while maintaining the speed performance in 1-V LSIs.