gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spatially-Stationary Propagating Random Field Model for Massive MIMO Small-Scale Fading (2018)

The spatially uncorrelated Rayleigh small-scale fading model is a useful stochastic tool for analyzing multiple-antenna wireless communication systems, and, as experiments have shown, it often is a good approximation to physical propagation. However, the assumption that the propagating field is uncorrelated from one point in space to another breaks down when, for example, antenna spacings are smaller than one-half wavelength - a model defect typically addressed by assuming some spatial correlation. Spatial correlation can have huge effects even in the absence of close spacing between antennas. While an ad-hoc correlation versus distance, such as exponential, may add an element of realism to the model, in general it does not capture the peculiar “action at a distance” phenomena associated with the wave equation. The very desirable property of spatial stationarity can be retained, provided the spatial autocorrelation is chosen such that the complex Gaussian small-scale fading random field satisfies the homogeneous wave equation. The fading model that is closest to iid Rayleigh fading, and that is still consistent with the wave equation, has an autocorrelation equal to sinc(2λR/λ, corresponding to planewaves arriving uniformly from all directions, and having independent, equal variance complex Gaussian amplitudes. The contribution of this paper is twofold: first, a Fourier planewave representation that provides a computationally efficient way to generate samples of the random field, second, an inverse representation that enables the efficient computation of the joint likelihood of noisy measurements of the field over continuous segments of lines, planes, and volumes.
Electrodeposition of FeCoRu Alloy (2007)

The electrodeposition of FeCoRu alloys was studied with rotating disk electrode, surface pH measurements and galvanotstatic plating in a paddle cell. The Ru deposition does not occur until a potential of -0.9 V versus MSE is reached, much higher than the literature reversible potential. In the FeCoRu system, the presence of Ru inhibits the Fe plating rate but exerts no effect on the Co. Surface pH measurements further confirmed the high potential for Ru deposition and a significant hydrogen evolution reaction was observed causing enhanced local agitation at the electrode surface. The effect of complexing agent was also studied for FeCoRu plating. The presence of citrate, tartrate or histidine, were all found to decrease the current efficiency at the conditions of study. While the decrease observed in the citrate and tartrate cases was probably due to the buffering effect, which increases the hydrogen evolution current, histidine was believed to complex with metal cations and to inhibit the metal deposition.
Mesophase Formation in Regioregular Poly(3-alkylthiophene)s Containing Long Chain Alkyl Groups (2008)

A series of regioregular poly(3-alkylthiophene)s with substituent groups R = C22H45, C24H49, C26H53, and C28H57 were synthesized. All of the materials can form a mesophase by rapid quenching from the isotropic melt. The ease of mesophase formation depends upon the length of the alkyl group, with the longer side chains leading to mesophase formation at lower quenching rates. Variable temperature reflection and fluorescence spectroscopy of thin films and differential scanning calorimetry and variable temperature X-ray diffraction on powders were used to study the thermal behavior of the new polymers. All of the materials studied showed a two-step thermochromic transition from the mesophase, and endotherms in the thermograms could be assigned to melting of each phase. The data indicate that π−π stacking is an important contributor to the thermochromism observed in these compounds while the interaction between the alkyl side chains controls mesophase formation.
Analysis of benzo(a)pyrene:DNA adducts formed in cells in culture by immobilized boronate chromatography. (1984)

A chromatographic procedure using boronic acid residues linked to a cellulose support [(N-(N'-[m-(dihydroxyboryl)-phenyl]succinamyl)amino]ethyl cellulose), used by Sawicki et al. (Cancer Res., 43: 3212-3218, 1983) for analysis of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene:DNA adducts, was modified to allow the analysis of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP):DNA adducts formed in cells in culture. Adducts resulting from reaction of 7 beta, 8 alpha-dihydroxy-9 alpha, 10 alpha-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo(a)pyrene (anti-BaPDE) contain cis-vicinal hydroxyl groups that complex with the boronic acid residues; adducts resulting from 7 beta, 8 alpha-dihydroxy-9 beta, 10 beta-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo(a)pyrene (syn-BaPDE) do not. A mixture of [3H]-syn-BaPDE:deoxyguanosine (dGuo) adduct and [14C]-anti-BaPDE:dGuo adduct was completely resolved on a column of boronate:cellulose. Early-passage cultures of Sencar mouse, Syrian hamster, and Wistar rat embryo cells and a culture of a human hepatoma cell line (Hep G2) were exposed to [3H]BaP, and the BaP:DNA adducts were resolved by boronate chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. The Hep G2 cells and mouse embryo cells contained two major adducts, a (+)-anti-BaPDE:dGuo adduct and a syn-BaPDE:dGuo adduct. Boronate chromatography permitted the resolution of an additional minor syn-BaPDE:deoxyribonucleoside adduct in the mouse embryo cells. The hamster and rat embryo cells contained a number of major BaP-DNA adducts that were resolved by boronate chromatography followed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The rat embryo cells contained three syn-BaPDE:deoxyribonucleoside adducts and approximately equal amounts of two adducts tentatively identified as dGuo adducts of the (+) and (-) enantiomers of anti-BaPDE. The boronate chromatography-high-performance liquid chromatography procedure improves the separation of the BaP:DNA adducts formed in biological systems and facilitates the identification of the BaP metabolite(s) responsible for the formation of these adducts.
Green Supply Chain Management Practices of Firms with Competitive Strategic Alliances—A Study of the Automobile Industry (2023)

Supply chain management is described as a business strategy that provides operative management of financial, material, and other information flows to ensure harmonization in distributed organizational structures. The predefined aim of this study was to describe the effects of green supply chain management practices on competitive strategic alliances using automobile firms in China. The study aimed to demonstrate different factors that aid strategic alliances, which automobile firms must acknowledge to improve their performance. Fifty automobile firms were used as the study population. The respondents were senior managers of five active areas in each automobile firm. There were a total of 420 respondents, among whom 320 respondents were selected by the convenience sampling method. The study was quantitative, while the data source was primary; the data were obtained using a closed-ended questionnaire as the major instrument for data collection. This closed-ended questionnaire was sent to the intended respondents via email and WeChat simultaneously. Five active areas were included, and Cronbach’s alpha values were measured for each area. The values obtained ranged from 0.8 to 0.9, revealing the data’s consistency and reliability. The primary data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics for demographic data and inferential structural equation modeling (SEM) for multivariate data. Considering the outcomes of the research analysis, it was concluded that forming competitive strategic alliances in firms to manage green supply chains could bring several benefits.
Asymmetrische Katalyse über die Ligandensphäre von oktaedrischen Komplexen mit chiralem Metallzentrum (2014)

Abstract Aufgrund der Beziehung zwischen Struktur und Funktion in der Chemie ist der Zugang zu neuartigen chemischen Strukturen ein treibender Faktor für die Entdeckung neuer chemischer Funktionen. Unter diesem Blickwinkel betrachtet, liegt die beachtliche Nützlichkeit der oktaedrischen Geometrie sechsfach koordinierter Metallkomplexe darin begründet, dass ihre stereochemische Vielseitigkeit mit der Fähigkeit gepaart wird, Zugang zu chemischem Raum zu ermöglichen, der für rein organische Verbindungen möglicherweise nicht erreichbar ist. In diesem Kurzaufsatz möchten wir inerte oktaedrische Metallkomplexe mit metallzentrierter Chiralität als aufkommende Klasse metallgestützten asymmetrischer “Organokatalysatoren” vorstellen. Die Ausnutzung der oftmals starren und globulären Gerüste sowie die vielfältige Stereochemie versprechen neue Anwendungsmöglichkeiten auf dem Gebiet der Katalyse.
Proceedings of the Conference on Swine in Biomedical Research (2009)

The Conference on Swine in Biomedical Research was held April 2-3, 2008, in San Diego, California. The goal of the conference was to bring together individuals who are using swine as models, creating new swine models, or studying human health and disease. This is the only conference that focuses exclusively on swine models and as such is the premier meeting for investigators who use or develop swine as models for biomedical research. The sessions focused on (1) swine models of human health and disease, (2) genomics, proteomics, and basic tools, (3) physiology and infectious disease, and (4) swine organ transplantation. In addition, a keynote speaker discussed the bioengineering of organ printing. This article presents a synopsis of the proceedings of this conference; abstracts of the presentations are available online (www.nsrrc.missouri.edu).
Laser doping and texturing of silicon for advanced optoelectronic devices (2015)

Irradiating a semiconductor sample with intense laser pulses in the presence of dopants drastically changes the optical, material and electronic properties of the sample. The properties of these processed semiconductors make them useful for photodetectors and, potentially, intermediate band solar cells. This talk discusses the processes that lead to doping and surface texturing, both of which increase the optical absorptance of the material. We will discuss the properties of the resulting material, including the presence of an intermediate band, as well as our work on developing laser-processed silicon photodiodes that are sensitive to sub-bandgap wavelengths. Most recently, we have measured the electron lifetime within the doped material, and we have developed methods to control the dopant profile and the material crystallinity. These findings are expected to be useful in designing laser-processed silicon devices.
In vivo probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy in chronic diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (2012)

Diagnosis of diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (DPLDs) is challenging and requires a multidisciplinary approach. Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) enables microimaging of the distal lung in vivo. Objective: to describe pCLE features in DPLD patients. Methods: pCLE was performed in 52 DPLD patients and 21 healthy volunteers (HV). Results were compared between HV and each of the pathologic groups, blindly to the diagnosis (Fisher9exact test and Bonferroni correction). The association between the pCLE and CTscan features was assessed using multivariate analysis. Results: 9 of the 17 pCLE descriptors were significantly more frequent in DPLD patients than in HV (131 areas). pCLE differed in sarcoidosis (16 patients, 105 areas) by the presence of fluorescent bronchiolar cells, convoluted acinar elastic fibers, alveolar nodules; in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (n=8, 36 areas) by interalveolar septal fibers and a rigid acinar elastic network; hypersensitivity pneumonitis (n=6, 34 areas) by bronchiolar and alveolar cells; non-specific interstitial pneumonia (n=6, 38 areas) by fluorescent bronchiolar cells, septal fibers and a rigid network; asbestosis (n=10, 72 areas) by alveolar mouths 20µm, septal fibers, and a rigid and dense acinar elastic network; systemic sclerosis (n=6, 38 areas) by fluorescent alveolar cells, septal fibers and a rigid network. HRCT honeycombing was associated to pCLE large alveolar mouths and a disorganized elastic network; both interlobular septa thickening and cysts were associated to the presence of septal fibers using pCLE Conclusion: pCLE could be added to the multidisciplinary discussion for the etiological diagnosis of DPLD.
Detection by Sampling: Massive MIMO Detector based on Langevin Dynamics (2022)

Optimal symbol detection in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems is known to be an NP-hard problem. Hence, the objective of any detector of practical relevance is to get reasonably close to the optimal solution while keeping the computational complexity in check. In this work, we propose a MIMO detector based on an annealed version of Langevin (stochastic) dynamics. More precisely, we define a stochastic dynamical process whose stationary distribution coincides with the posterior distribution of the symbols given our observations. In essence, this allows us to approximate the maximum a posteriori estimator of the transmitted symbols by sampling from the proposed Langevin dynamic. Furthermore, we carefully craft this stochastic dynamic by gradually adding a sequence of noise with decreasing variance to the trajectories, which ensures that the estimated symbols belong to a pre-specified discrete constellation. Through numerical experiments, we show that our proposed detector yields state-of-the-art symbol error rate performance.
Polyphenols from Erythrina crista-galli: Structures, Molecular Docking and Phytoestrogenic Activity (2016)

Five flavonoids were identified from E. crista-galli aqueous methanol extract. To the best of our knowledge, among these flavonoids, apigenin-7-O-rhamnosyl-6-C-glucoside was isolated for the first time from nature. Moreover, luteolin-6-C-glucoside was isolated for the first time from this plant. The plant revealed promising phytoestrogenic activities. This gives rationale to some of its pharmacological properties and suggests additional phytoestrogenic effects, which have not been reported yet.
A Novel Two-Step Synthesis for Li2CoPO4F as High-Voltage Cathode Material (2015)

Li2CoPO4F has been synthesized via a novel two-step reaction from a solvothermally prepared precursor mixture of LiCoPO4 and LiF. Solvent influences were monitored by powder X-ray diffraction and the reaction conditions for the conversion of the precursor mixture to Li2CoPO4F were optimized. In addition, the obtained materials were characterized before and after carbon-coating by SEM, N2-sorption, elemental and thermogravimetric analysis. The electrochemical performance of the products as high-voltage cathode materials in a coin-cell was tested, and a long term stability over 50 charge/discharge cycles could be demonstrated.
Multi-Objective Graph Heuristic Search for Terrestrial Robot Design (2021)

We present methods for co-designing rigid robots over control and morphology (including discrete topology) over multiple objectives. Previous work has addressed problems in single-objective robot co-design or multi-objective control. However, the joint multi-objective co-design problem is extremely important for generating capable, versatile, algorithmically designed robots. In this work, we present Multi-Objective Graph Heuristic Search, which extends a single-objective graph heuristic search from previous work to enable a highly efficient multi-objective search in a combinatorial design topology space. Core to this approach, we introduce a new universal, multiobjective heuristic function based on graph neural networks that is able to effectively leverage learned information between different task trade-offs. We demonstrate our approach on six combinations of seven terrestrial locomotion and design tasks, including one three-objective example. We compare the captured Pareto fronts across different methods and demonstrate that our multi-objective graph heuristic search quantitatively and qualitatively outperforms other techniques.
Hidden relationship between the electrical conductivity and the Mn 2p core-level photoemission spectra in La1−xSrxMnO3 (2013)

Core-level electronic structure of La1−xSrxMnO3 has been studied by x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). We first report, by the conventional XPS, the well-screened shoulder structure in Mn 2p3∕2 peak, which had been observed only by hard x-ray photoemission spectroscopy so far. Multiple-peak analysis revealed that the Mn4+ spectral weight was not proportional to the nominal hole concentration x, indicating that a simple Mn3+/Mn4+ intensity ratio analysis may result in a wrong quantitative elemental analysis. Considerable weight of the shoulder at x = 0.0 and the fact that the shoulder weight was even slightly going down from x = 0.2 to 0.4 were not compatible with the idea that this weight simply represents the metallic behavior. Further analysis found that the whole Mn 2p3∕2 peak can be decomposed into four portions, the Mn4+, the (nominal) Mn3+, the shoulder, and the other spectral weight located almost at the Mn3+ location. We concluded that this weight represents the well-screened final state at Mn4+ sites, whereas the shoulder is known as that of the Mn3+ states. We found that the sum of these two spectral weight has an empirical relationship to the conductivity evolution with x.
Rab35-dependent extracellular nanovesicles are required for induction of tumour supporting stroma (2018)

Communication between diseased cells and the microenvironment is a complex yet crucial element in progression of varied pathological processes. Recent studies in cancer highlight an important role for small extracellular nanovesicles secreted by cancer cells as modulators of cancer-associated stroma, leading to enhanced angiogenesis and metastatic priming. The intrinsic factors regulating extracellular nanovesicle biogenesis and secretion are therefore relevant in studies of nano-communication in the cancer milieu. We generated prostate cancer cells bearing stable knockdown of several candidate vesicle regulating factors and examined the impact on cell health, vesicle secretion and on communication with fibroblastic stromal cells. We highlight that RAB11B and RAB35 regulate phenotypically distinct nanovesicle populations, each accounting for only around 20% of the total. Depleting RAB35, but not RAB11B leaves a remaining population of vesicles whose phenotype is insufficient for driving fibroblast to myofibroblast differentiation, leading to attenuated motile behaviours in 3D in vitro models. Co-implantation of tumour cells with stromal fibroblasts in xenografts similarly showed that RAB11B knockdown had little effect on growth rates in vivo. In contrast, significant attenuation in growth, and attenuation of myofibroblasts at the tumour site was evident when using RAB35-knockdown cells. The study concludes that a RAB35 regulated nanovesicle sub-population is particularly important for communication between cancer and stromal cells, and is required for generating a tumour-supportive microenvironment.
The NTT DCASE2020 Challenge Task 6 system: Automated Audio Captioning with Keywords and Sentence Length Estimation (2020)

This technical report describes the system participating to the Detection and Classification of Acoustic Scenes and Events (DCASE) 2020 Challenge, Task 6: automated audio captioning. Our submission focuses on solving two indeterminacy problems in automated audio captioning: word selection indeterminacy and sentence length indeterminacy. We simultaneously solve the main caption generation and sub indeterminacy problems by estimating keywords and sentence length through multi-task learning. We tested a simplified model of our submission using the development-testing dataset. Our model achieved 20.7 SPIDEr score where that of the baseline system was 5.4.
Substance P (SP)-Neurokinin-1 Receptor (NK-1R) Alters Adipose Tissue Responses to High-Fat Diet and Insulin Action (2011)

Peripheral administration of a specific neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) antagonist to mice leads to reduced weight gain and circulating levels of insulin and leptin after high-fat diet (HFD). Here, we assessed the contribution of substance P (SP) and NK-1R in diet-induced obesity using NK-1R deficient [knockout (KO)] mice and extended our previous findings to show the effects of SP-NK-1R interactions on adipose tissue-associated insulin signaling and glucose metabolic responses. NK-1R KO and wild-type (WT) littermates were fed a HFD for 3 wk, and obesity-associated responses were determined. Compared with WT, NK-1 KO mice show reduced weight gain and circulating levels of leptin and insulin in response to HFD. Adiponectin receptor mRNA levels are higher in mesenteric fat and liver in NK-1 KO animals compared with WT, after HFD. Mesenteric fat from NK-1R KO mice fed with HFD has reduced stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase and protein kinase C activation compared with WT mice. After glucose challenge, NK-1R KO mice remove glucose from the circulation more efficiently than WT and pair-fed controls, suggesting an additional peripheral effect of NK-1R-mediated signaling on glucose metabolism. Glucose uptake experiments in isolated rat adipocytes showed that SP directly inhibits insulin-mediated glucose uptake. Our results further establish a role for SP-NK-1R interactions in adipose tissue responses, specifically as they relate to obesity-associated pathologies such as glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Our results highlight this pathway as an important therapeutic approach for type 2 diabetes.
Reaction-based indicator displacement assay (RIA) for the development of a triggered release system capable of biofilm inhibition (2019)

Here, a reaction-based indicator displacement hydrogel assay (RIA) was developed for the detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) via the oxidative release of the optical reporter Alizarin Red S (ARS). In the presence of H2O2, the RIA system displayed potent biofilm inhibition for Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), as shown through an in vitro assay quantifying antimicrobial efficacy. This work demonstrated the potential of H2O2-responsive hydrogels containing a covalently bound diol-based drug for controlled drug release.
An analytical temperature prediction method for a chip power map (2005)

An analytical method is presented for predicting the chip temperature for a chip-on-spreader geometry with a nonuniform power distribution. The analytical method applies the principle of linear superposition to a known exact solution for heat spreading in the spreader together with the addition of one-dimensional heat transfer resistances through the chip and thermal interface material. The results of the analytical method are compared to numerical results with good accuracy for two geometric cases and three power maps. Implementation in a spreadsheet makes the analytical method easy-to-use and should allow for rapid prediction of chip temperature distributions in the early design stages for power map optimization.