gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Systematic Improvements in Transmon Qubit Coherence Enabled by Niobium Surface Encapsulation (2023)

We present a novel transmon qubit fabrication technique that yields systematic improvements in T$_1$ relaxation times. We fabricate devices using an encapsulation strategy that involves passivating the surface of niobium and thereby preventing the formation of its lossy surface oxide. By maintaining the same superconducting metal and only varying the surface structure, this comparative investigation examining different capping materials, such as tantalum, aluminum, titanium nitride, and gold, and film substrates across different qubit foundries definitively demonstrates the detrimental impact that niobium oxides have on the coherence times of superconducting qubits, compared to native oxides of tantalum, aluminum or titanium nitride. Our surface-encapsulated niobium qubit devices exhibit T$_1$ relaxation times 2 to 5 times longer than baseline niobium qubit devices with native niobium oxides. When capping niobium with tantalum, we obtain median qubit lifetimes above 300 microseconds, with maximum values up to 600 microseconds, that represent the highest lifetimes to date for superconducting qubits prepared on both sapphire and silicon. Our comparative structural and chemical analysis suggests why amorphous niobium oxides may induce higher losses compared to other amorphous oxides. These results are in line with high-accuracy measurements of the niobium oxide loss tangent obtained with ultra-high Q superconducting radiofrequency (SRF) cavities. This new surface encapsulation strategy enables even further reduction of dielectric losses via passivation with ambient-stable materials, while preserving fabrication and scalable manufacturability thanks to the compatibility with silicon processes.
Fusion Moves for Graph Matching (2021)

We contribute to approximate algorithms for the quadratic assignment problem also known as graph matching. Inspired by the success of the fusion moves technique developed for multilabel discrete Markov random fields, we investigate its applicability to graph matching. In particular, we show how fusion moves can be efficiently combined with the dedicated state-of-the-art dual methods that have recently shown superior results in computer vision and bioimaging applications. As our empirical evaluation on a wide variety of graph matching datasets suggests, fusion moves significantly improve performance of these methods in terms of speed and quality of the obtained solutions. Our method sets a new state-of-the-art with a notable margin with respect to its competitors.
The Cascade Backward-Wave Amplifier: A High-Gain Voltage-Tuned Filter for Microwaves (1955)

The characteristics of a backward-wave circuit as a beam modulator and as a beam demodulator are investigated theoretically and experimentally. A basic modulator-demodulator configuration, consisting of two periodic circuits (e.g., helices) separated by an arbitrary transducer section, constitutes the basis for a new class of backward-wave tubes. These "cascade backward-wave amplifiers" behave as narrow-band amplifiers whose pass bands can be tuned electronically over a wide range of frequencies. They overcome most of the inherent disadvantages of the simple single-circuit backward-wave amplifier and feature high gain well removed from the oscillation region, high off-signal rejection, internal circuit terminations which smooth out variations in operating characteristics with frequency, and provision for adjusting bandwidth electronically. The characteristics of an experimental model at S-band are presented and compared with theory. Analysis indicates that a minimum noise figure in the same range as that of a conventional traveling-wave tube, i.e., about 6 db, should be attainable.
Early wear development in a novel mechanical heart valve prosthesis made from polymeric materials. (2006)

A leaflet design which enables the integration of tribomaterials into the highly loaded hinges of leaflets leads to an optimization of wear behavior of a mechanical heart valve prosthesis made from polymeric materials. Abrasive wear in the hinges may be reduced to an acceptable level for the functionality of the heart valve prosthesis. Durability tests will be continued in order to confirm the promising wear behavior of this novel heart valve prosthesis.
TGF-β2 Reduces Demyelination, Virus Antigen Expression, and Macrophage Recruitment in a Viral Model of Multiple Sclerosis (2000)

TGF-beta 2 is a potent immunoregulatory mediator that influences B cell, T cell, and macrophage function. To test whether this cytokine alters pathology in a model of virus-induced demyelinating disease, we treated SJL/J mice with TGF-beta 2 either before or after infection with Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus. Treatment continued three times weekly through day 35 postinfection. TGF-beta 2 administration resulted in significantly smaller lesions and fewer virus Ag-positive cells in the spinal cords of infected SJL/J mice. Mice treated with TGF-beta 2 had similar levels of virus-specific IgG as infected, control-treated mice. TGF-beta 2 administration significantly increased the level of non-virus-specific activated CTLs, but had no effect on virus-specific CTLs. TUNEL revealed a decrease in the number of apoptotic nuclei in the spinal cord white matter of mice treated in vivo with TGF-beta 2. Immunostaining with an Ab to F4/80 revealed that TGF-beta 2-treated mice had significantly fewer F4/80-positive cells in the white matter of the spinal cord as compared with infected control-treated mice. These data suggest that TGF-beta 2 may control virus-induced demyelination via an immunomodulatory mechanism that reduces macrophage infiltration.
<title>Image quality assessment of sparse-aperture designs with decreasing fill factors</title> (2000)

Sparse aperture designs can increase the effective aperture size of a remote sensing system, thus allowing the satellite to be placed in a higher orbit without compromising the resolution. The fill factor of a sparse aperture is the total area of the telescope apertures divided by the effective aperture size of the combined telescopes. Reducing the fill factor, F, reduces the overall weight, but also reduces both the signal and the MTF (modulation transfer function). Increasing the effective integration time, t, and applying Wiener filters can gain back some of the lost image quality. This study generated image simulations of various sparse aperture designs to assess the image quality as a function of fill factor. This study found that the integration time needs to be increased by a factor of 1/F<SUP>2</SUP> - 1/F<SUP>3</SUP> in order to maintain the image quality as the fill factor decreased. This study also found that the GIQE (Generalized Image Quality Equation) did not accurately predict the change in image quality, in (Delta) NIIRS, as the fill factor is reduced.
Optimal Design for a Highly Downsized Gasoline Engine (2009)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The combination of air charging and downsizing is known to be an efficient solution to reduce CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; emissions of modern gasoline engines. The decrease of the cubic capacity and the increase of the specific performance help to reduce the fuel consumption by limiting pumping and friction losses and even the losses of energy by heat transfer.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Investigations have been conducted on a highly downsized SI engine to confirm if a strong decrease of the displacement (50 %) was still interesting regarding the fuel consumption reduction and if other ways were possible to improve further more its efficiency.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The first aim of our work was to identify the optimal design (bore, stroke, displacement, …) that could maximize the consumption reduction potential at part load but also improve the engine's behaviour at very high load (up to 3.0 MPa IMEP from 1000 rpm). In order to do that, four engine configurations with different strokes and bores have been tested and compared. Their performance and consumption levels have then been incorporated into a larger database with other engines to compute models that can forecast the fuel consumption and emissions of an engine on a specified point.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The impact of volumetric compression ratio and valve timing on the consumption reduction potential has also been investigated with MILLER and ATKINSON cycles. The dissociation of compression and expansion ratios permits an increase of theoretical thermodynamic efficiency which is rather interesting at part load (10 % consumption reduction at 0.4 MPa IMEP - 1500 rpm). Even if the decrease of the effective compression ratio is not always beneficial to fight against the knocking phenomenon, consumption reductions are also possible at full load with a good combustion stability (10 % consumption reduction are also possible at 3.0 MPa IMEP - 2000 rpm).&lt;/div&gt;
Effect of hydrocarbon chain length on arrangement of chemically adsorbed monolayers (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of hydrocarbon chain length on arrangement of chemically adsorbed monolayersTadashi Ohtake, Norihisa Mino, and Kazufumi OgawaCite this: Langmuir 1992, 8, 9, 2081–2083Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00045a001https://doi.org/10.1021/la00045a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views252Altmetric-Citations72LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Non-intrusive estimation of Web server delays (2002)

We introduce a novel passive network monitoring architecture which enables us to capture and integrate data from different levels of the protocol stack using a probe which can be placed at any arbitrary point in the network. We subject the data gathered to off-line analysis and show how, by modelling the dynamics of the protocols observed, we are able to extract information which would not be available using existing means. We show how the technique can be used to passively measure Web server response latency. Experiments are described which use artificially generated loads to validate the techniques used, and results obtained from the observation of real traffic are presented.
Inhibition of ANP clearance receptors and endopeptidase 24.11 in maturing rats (1991)

Systemic clearance of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) decreases during postnatal development. To determine the relative contribution of ANP clearance (C) receptors and neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (NEP; EC 3.4.24.11) in regulation of plasma ANP concentration ([ANP]) during maturation, 18- to 60-day-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized and infused with rat ANP (35 ng.kg-1.min-1). Infusion of the NEP inhibitor phosphoramidon increased [ANP] and urine guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) excretion in both weanling and adult rats. Infusion of C-ANP, an analogue that binds C receptors selectively, resulted in a greater rise in [ANP] in preweaned than in adult rats, suggesting a maturational decrease in function of C receptors. Despite the increase in [ANP], however, urine flow, cGMP, and sodium excretion failed to increase in preweaned compared with adult rats. Combined infusion of phosphoramidon and C-ANP resulted in a marked increase in [ANP] and cGMP excretion in weanling and adult rats. These results indicate that both C receptors and NEP modulate plasma [ANP] in the physiological range and that each pathway compensates when the other is inhibited. Age-related differences in the renal response to ANP clearance inhibitors may have important physiological implications in the regulation of sodium balance during development.
Silicon-directed Nazarov cyclization (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSilicon-directed Nazarov cyclizationS. E. Denmark and T. K. JonesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 9, 2642–2645Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00373a055https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00373a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3064Altmetric-Citations136LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Alternative Strategies for Salmonella Control in Poultry (2012)

Currently, there is no universal class of probiotic bacterium. However, the most common types that have been indisputably effective involve LAB. These bacteria are found normally in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of vertebrates and invertebrates, and the use of some LAB cultures are able to restore the natural microflora within the gut Lactic acid bacteria include the genera Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, and others that have long been associated with health benefits and which have been used for fermentation of certain foods. While speciation of members of these genera is difficult and inconsistent, these organisms are considered uniformly safe and are not associated with disease in healthy animals or humans A second classification of probiotic cultures are those microorganisms that are not normally found in the GIT (such as allochthonous flora). For example, Saccharomyces boulardii, a strain of yeast found on some tropical fruits, has been shown to be effective in preventing the recurrence of Clostridium difficile infections Otherallochthonous probiotic microbes are the spore-forming bacteria, normally members of the genus Bacillus.
Hardware algorithm for variable precision multiplication on FPGA (2009)

A hardwired algorithm for computing the variable precision multiplication is presented in this paper. The computation method is based on the use of a parallel multiplier of size m to compute the multiplication of two numbers of n times m bits. These numbers are represented in the variable precision floating point format, but in this work only the mantissas are considered; the exponents are easily obtained by adding the exponents of the two operands to be multiplied. In this computing method of multiplication, the partial products are added as soon as they are computed, resulting in the use of the lowest memory for intermediate results storage, (i.e. the size of the result is of 2n times m bits). The Xilinx FPGA circuits, of Virtex-II families and bigger ones, have interesting resources such as embedded multipliers 18 times 18 bits, memory blocks (SelectRam) and carry chain paths for the carry propagation acceleration and DCM blocks (digital clock manager) to generate and control clocks. These resources have been advantageously used, in the implementation, to reduce the computation delay compared to the solution that uses only FPGA CLBs (configurable logic blocks). Our architecture has been tailored to use these efficient resources and the resulting architecture is dedicated to compute the multiplication of operands of sizes ranging from 1 times 64 bits to 64 times 64 bits with a cycle time of 33 ns.
Supplementary Figures S1-S6 from Interactions between Adipocytes and Breast Cancer Cells Stimulate Cytokine Production and Drive Src/Sox2/miR-302b–Mediated Malignant Progression (2023)

&lt;p&gt;hASC characterization (S1); Co-culture of immature adipocytes with mammary epithelial cells increases pro-inflammatory cytokine expression (S2); Immature adipocyte or cytokine exposure increases abundance of sphere and colony forming cells without changing global cell proliferation (S3); Immature adipocyte or cytokine exposure increases matrigel invasion in vitro and tumor formation, vasculogenesis and metastasis in vivo (S4); Src mediates cytokine effects via ES-TF upregulation affecting soft agar colony growth but not cell cycle progression (S5); Cytokine-mediated increase in sphere formation is Sox2-dependent and miR302b upregulation drives further c-MYC and SOX2 gene expression (S6).&lt;/p&gt;
Chernobyl Fall-Out on Glaciers in the Austrian Alps (1988)

An abstract is not available for this content. As you have access to this content, full HTML content is provided on this page. A PDF of this content is also available in through the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Cell‑free DNA and chemoembolization in patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer (2018)

The European Clinical Trials database (EudraCT no. 2012-000987-11) at 05-14-2012.
Fixed Subset Selection to Reduce Advanced RAIM Complexity (2018)

Advanced RAIM has the potential of achieving global coverage of vertical guidance, even with large probabilities of satellite fault. To achieve this performance, airborne receivers will need to take into account a large number of fault modes resulting from the combination of single satellite and single constellation faults. Baseline implementations of ARAIM require the computation of a subset position solution (or at least the associated error covariance) per fault mode, which can result in a large computational burden. Consolidating the fault modes can reduce the list of subsets very significantly. This paper proposes to use a fixed set of subsets for a dual constellation configuration. This approach has two advantages: it simplifies the algorithm (the list of subsets is no longer dynamic), and it reduces the computational load. For a baseline GPS – Galileo configuration, the number of subsets is reduced from several thousands to less than seventy with a minimal impact on availability.
Interprocedural Parallelization Analysis: A Case Study. (1995)

We present an overview of our interprocedural analysis system, which applies the program analysis required for parallelization across procedure boundaries. We discuss the issues we addressed to efficiently obtain precise results in the interprocedural setting. We present the analysis required for parallelization, illustrated with an excerpt from a Fortran benchmark program. By integrating a comprehensive suite of interprocedural analyses, we have built a system that is much more effective at locating parallelism in scientific benchmarks than earlier interprocedural systems. 1 Introduction A key performance concern in automatically parallelizing a program is locating coarse-grain parallelism, independent computations that perform a significant amount of work. Coarsegrain parallel computations exhibit very small overhead costs from synchronization and parallel thread initiation relative to the amount of time spent doing useful work in parallel. Overhead costs can be significant; without...
Structural Characterization of Organics Using Manual and Automated Electron Diffraction (2010)

In the last decade the importance of transmission electron microscopic studies has become increasingly important with respect to the characterization of organic materials, ranging from small organic molecules to polymers and biological macromolecules. This review will focus on the use of transmission electron microscope to perform electron crystallography experiments, detailing the approaches in acquiring electron crystallographic data. The traditional selected area approach and the recently developed method of automated diffraction tomography (ADT) will be discussed with special attention paid to the handling of electron beam sensitive organic materials. Copyright © Taylor &amp;amp; Francis Group, LLC.
BMI Compared With Central Obesity Indicators as a Predictor of Diabetes Incidence in Mauritius (2008)

The aim of the study was to compare BMI with waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-stature ratio (WSR) as a predictor of diabetes incidence. A total of 1,841 men and 2,104 women of Mauritian Indian and Mauritian Creole ethnicity, aged 25-74 years, free of diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and gout were seen at baseline in 1987 or 1992, and follow-up in 1992 and/or 1998. At all time points, participants underwent a 2 h 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. Hazard ratios for diabetes incidence were estimated applying an interval-censored survival analysis using age as timescale. Six hundred and twenty-eight individuals developed diabetes during the follow-up period. Multivariable adjusted hazard ratios for diabetes incidence corresponding to a 1 s.d. increase in baseline BMI, WC, WHR, and WSR for Mauritian Indians were 1.49 (1.31-1.71), 1.58 (1.38-1.81), 1.54 (1.37-1.72), and 1.61 (1.41-1.84) in men and 1.33 (1.17-1.51), 1.35 (1.19-1.53), 1.39 (1.24-1.55), and 1.38 (1.21-1.57) in women, respectively; and for Mauritian Creoles they were 1.86 (1.51-2.30), 2.07 (1.68-2.56), 1.92 (1.62-2.26), and 2.17 (1.76-2.69) in men and 1.29 (1.06-1.55), 1.27 (1.04-1.55), 1.24 (1.04-1.48), and 1.27 (1.04-1.55) in women. Paired homogeneity tests showed that there was no difference between BMI and each of the central obesity indicators (all P > 0.05). The relation of BMI with the development of diabetes was as strong as that for indicators of central obesity in this study population.