gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optical backhaul network planning for DSRC-based Public Intelligent Transportation System: A case study (2016)

Public Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) aim at enhancing daily travelling experience by providing safety, traffic efficiency and infotainment services. These services demand connection to a core network with content storage, centralized processing and decision capabilities. The proposed study focuses on the optical backhaul network planning for Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC)-based public ITS. Based on a simplified DSRC Radio Access Network planning, an optical access network is designed including Power Splitters placement and fiber routing. The contribution of this paper is a comparative analysis of different approaches for dedicated backhaul network planning.
Multicenter survey of PET/CT protocol parameters that affect standardized uptake values (2017)

Clinical trials that evaluate cancer treatments may benefit from positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, which for many cancers can discriminate between effective and ineffective treatments. However, the image metrics used to quantify disease and evaluate treatment may be biased by many factors related to clinical protocols and PET system settings, many of which are site- and/or manufacturer-specific. An observational study was conducted using two surveys that were designed to record key sources of bias and variability in PET imaging. These were distributed to hospitals across the United States. The first round of surveys was designed and distributed by the American College of Radiology's Centers of Quantitative Imaging Excellence program in 2011. The second survey expanded on the first and was completed by the National Cancer Institute's Quantitative Imaging Network. Sixty-three sites responded to the first survey and 36 to the second. Key imaging parameters varied across participating sites. The range of reported methods for image acquisition and reconstruction suggests that signal biases are not matched between sites. Patient preparation was also inconsistent, potentially contributing additional variability. For multicenter clinical trials, efforts to control biases through standardization of imaging procedures should precede patient measurements.
High Efficiency 20W Single Frequency PM Fiber Amplifier at 2037nm (2009)

We demonstrate a high efficiency PM fiber amplifier delivering 20W output power and operating in conjunction with an external single frequency, seed source at 2037nm (linewidth ~100kHz). The system is not limited by SBS.
A dosimetric comparison of ultra-hypofractionated passively scattered proton radiotherapy and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in the definitive treatment of localized prostate cancer (2014)

Target and normal tissue dose constraints for ultra-hypofractionated definitive radiotherapy of localized prostate cancer are readily achieved using both CK SBRT and passively scattered proton-based therapy suggesting feasibility of either modality.
Microvascular flow dictates the compromise between spatial resolution and acquisition time in Ultrasound Localization Microscopy (2019)

Medical ultrasound is a widely used diagnostic imaging technique for tissues and blood vessels. However, its spatial resolution is limited to a sub-millimeter scale. Ultrasound Localization Microscopy was recently introduced to overcome this limit and relies on subwavelength localization and tracking of microbubbles injected in the blood circulation. Yet, as microbubbles follow blood flow, long acquisition time are required to detect them in the smallest vessels, leading to long reconstruction of the microvasculature. The objective of this work is to understand how blood flow limits acquisition time. We studied the reconstruction of a coronal slice of a rat's brain during a continuous microbubble injection close to clinical concentrations. After acquiring 192000 frames over 4 minutes, we find that the biggest vessels can be reconstructed in seconds but that it would take tens of minutes to map the entire capillary network. Moreover, the appropriate characterization of flow profiles based on microbubble velocity within vessels is bound by even more stringent temporal limitations. As we use simple blood flow models to characterize its impact on reconstruction time, we foresee that these results and methods can be adapted to determine adequate microbubble injections and acquisition times in clinical and preclinical practice.
Optimized ultrahigh field parallel transmission workflow using rapid presaturated TurboFLASH transmit field mapping with a three‐dimensional centric single‐shot readout (2022)

3D satTFL can record high-quality <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>B</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mi>+</mml:mi></mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation>$$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> maps with a high dynamic range in a short time. Correspondence with AFI maps is high, while measurement duration is reduced drastically.
Unsupervised Shape and Pose Disentanglement for 3D Meshes (2020)

Parametric models of humans, faces, hands and animals have been widely used for a range of tasks such as image-based reconstruction, shape correspondence estimation, and animation. Their key strength is the ability to factor surface variations into shape and pose dependent components. Learning such models requires lots of expert knowledge and hand-defined object-specific constraints, making the learning approach unscalable to novel objects. In this paper, we present a simple yet effective approach to learn disentangled shape and pose representations in an unsupervised setting. We use a combination of self-consistency and cross-consistency constraints to learn pose and shape space from registered meshes. We additionally incorporate as-rigid-as-possible deformation(ARAP) into the training loop to avoid degenerate solutions. We demonstrate the usefulness of learned representations through a number of tasks including pose transfer and shape retrieval. The experiments on datasets of 3D humans, faces, hands and animals demonstrate the generality of our approach. Code is made available at https://virtualhumans.mpi-inf.mpg.de/unsup_shape_pose/.
High Frequency Approaches for LTCC Based Sensors (2012)

Low temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) have been developed for RF and microwave circuits for a number of applications (i.e. cell phones and wireless systems). The same attributes that make LTCC an important technology for telecommunications are also important for sensors. Compact three-dimensional architectures with low dielectric loss materials are available with LTCC technology. The underlying electric and magnetic responses of materials in the RF and microwave frequency ranges will be discussed and these unique responses can be exploited in a sensor system. Gases, liquids and solids have unique dipolar responses in the RF and microwave ranges. For example, the dielectric relaxation of water has been investigated in water/starch mixtures. Classic dipolar relaxation of water occurs at 30GHz and additional relaxation mechanisms have been found in the 1–10 GHz range because of the starch gelation process. These relaxations could be the basis for a sensor system to monitor the gelation of food starches. In addition, miniature coil assemblies for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems with operation in the 300 MHz to 850 MHz range will be presented. These types of coils with additional passive components are envisioned in a LTCC-based circuit topology.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Protease Ligand Specificity Conferred by Residues Outside of the Active Site Cavity, (1996)

To gain greater understanding of the structural basis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease ligand specificity, we have crystallized and determined the structures of the HIV-1 protease (Val32Ile, Ile47Val, Val82Ile) triple mutant and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) protease in complex with SB203386, a tripeptide analogue inhibitor containing a C-terminal imidazole substituent as an amide bond isostere. SB203386 is a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 protease (Ki = 18 nM) but shows decreased inhibition of the HIV-1 protease (Val32Ile, Ile47Val, Val82Ile) triple mutant (Ki = 112 nM) and SIV protease (Ki = 960 nM). Although SB203386 binds in the active site cavity of the triple mutant in a similar fashion to its binding to the wild-type HIV-1 protease [Abdel-Meguid et al. (1994) Biochemistry 33, 11671], it binds to SIV protease in an unexpected mode showing two inhibitor molecules each binding to half of the active site. Comparison of these two structures and that of the wild-type HIV-1 protease bound to SB203386 reveals that HIV protease ligand specificity is imparted by residues outside of the catalytic pocket, which causes subtle changes in its shape. Furthermore, this work illustrates the importance of structural studies in order to understand the structure-activity relationship (SAR) between related enzymes.
Measurement of the groomed jet mass in PbPb and pp collisions at $$ \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02 $$ TeV (2018)

A bstract A measurement of the groomed jet mass in PbPb and pp collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC is presented. Jet grooming is a recursive procedure which sequentially removes soft constituents of a jet until a pair of hard subjets is found. The resulting groomed jets can be used to study modifications to the parton shower evolution in the presence of the hot and dense medium created in heavy ion collisions. Predictions of groomed jet properties from the pythia and herwig ++ event generators agree with the measurements in pp collisions. When comparing the results from the most central PbPb collisions to pp data, a hint of an increase of jets with large jet mass is observed, which could originate from additional medium-induced radiation at a large angle from the jet axis. However, no modification of the groomed mass of the core of the jet is observed for all PbPb centrality classes. The PbPb results are also compared to predictions from the jewel and q - pythia event generators, which predict a large modification of the groomed mass not observed in the data.
Adaptive Evolution of Thermotoga maritima Reveals Plasticity of the ABC Transporter Network (2015)

Thermotoga maritima is a hyperthermophilic anaerobe that utilizes a vast network of ABC transporters to efficiently metabolize a variety of carbon sources to produce hydrogen. For unknown reasons, this organism does not metabolize glucose as readily as it does glucose di- and polysaccharides. The leading hypothesis implicates the thermolability of glucose at the physiological temperatures at which T. maritima lives. After a 25-day laboratory evolution, phenotypes were observed with growth rates up to 1.4 times higher than and glucose utilization rates exceeding 50% those of the wild type. Genome resequencing revealed mutations in evolved cultures related to glucose-responsive ABC transporters. The native glucose ABC transporter, GluEFK, has more abundant transcripts either as a result of gene duplication-amplification or through mutations to the operator sequence regulating this operon. Conversely, BglEFGKL, a transporter of beta-glucosides, is substantially downregulated due to a nonsense mutation to the solute binding protein or due to a deletion of the upstream promoter. Analysis of the ABC2 uptake porter families for carbohydrate and peptide transport revealed that the solute binding protein, often among the transcripts detected at the highest levels, is predominantly downregulated in the evolved cultures, while the membrane-spanning domain and nucleotide binding components are less varied. Similar trends were observed in evolved strains grown on glycerol, a substrate that is not dependent on ABC transporters. Therefore, improved growth on glucose is achieved through mutations favoring GluEFK expression over BglEFGKL, and in lieu of carbon catabolite repression, the ABC transporter network is modulated to achieve improved growth fitness.
Toward On-Chip MEMS-Based Optical Autocorrelator (2018)

We propose a compact Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS)-based optical autocorrelator based on a micromachined Michelson interferometer in silicon and the two csv nonlinearity in a photodetector. The miniaturized autocorrelator has a scanning range of 1.2 ps and operates in the wavelength range of 1100-2000 nm. The device measures the interferometric autocorrelation due to its collinear nature, from which the intensity autocorrelation can be calculated. The field autocorrelation can also be measured, from which the optical pulse spectrum can be calculated. A theoretical model based on Gaussian beam propagation is developed to study the effect of optical beam divergence, pulse dispersion, tilt angle between the interferometer mirrors, and amplitude mismatch between the interfering pulses. This model explains many of the effects observed in experimental measurements due to the use of a MEMS interferometer. The experimental results of autocorrelation signals for several pulses in the order of 100 fs are compared to a commercial autocorrelator and a good match is found.
Privacy Preserving Localization and Mapping from Uncalibrated Cameras (2021)

Recent works on localization and mapping from privacy preserving line features have made significant progress towards addressing the privacy concerns arising from cloud-based solutions in mixed reality and robotics. The requirement for calibrated cameras is a fundamental limitation for these approaches, which prevents their application in many crowd-sourced mapping scenarios. In this paper, we propose a solution to the uncalibrated privacy preserving localization and mapping problem. Our approach simultaneously recovers the intrinsic and extrinsic calibration of a camera from line-features only. This enables uncalibrated devices to both localize themselves within an existing map as well as contribute to the map, while preserving the privacy of the image contents. Furthermore, we also derive a solution to bootstrapping maps from scratch using only uncalibrated devices. Our approach provides comparable performance to the calibrated scenario and the privacy compromising alternatives based on traditional point features.
HIL (2018)

We present a framework called Hierarchically Interacting Logs (HIL) for constructing Flash Translation Layers (FTLs). The main goal of the HIL framework is to heal the Achilles heel —the crash recovery—of FTLs (hence, its name). Nonetheless, the framework itself is general enough to encompass not only block-mapped and page-mapped FTLs but also many of their variants, including hybrid ones, because of its compositional nature. Crash recovery within the HIL framework proceeds in two phases: structural recovery and functional recovery. During the structural recovery, residual effects due to program operations ongoing at the time of the crash are eliminated in an atomic manner using shadow paging. During the functional recovery, operations that would have been performed if there had been no crash are replayed in a redo-only fashion. Both phases operate in an idempotent manner, preventing repeated crashes during recovery from causing any additional problems. We demonstrate the practicality of the proposed HIL framework by implementing a prototype and showing that its performance during normal execution and also during crash recovery is at least as good as those of state-of-the-art SSDs.
Monohelical Complexes of a Novel Asymmetric N4 Schiff Base: Unfamiliar Tetrahedral Environments of Manganese(II) and Iron(II) Helicates (2003)

Abstract The electrochemical reaction of the bis‐bidentate H 2 ABATs Schiff base [H 2 ABATs = N , N′ ‐bis(2‐tosylaminobenzylidene)‐2‐aminobenzylamine] with manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc and cadmium was investigated. The reaction cell yields products of empirical formula M(ABATs). X‐ray diffraction studies show that [Mn(ABATs)]·0.75H 2 O ( 1 ), [Fe(ABATs)]·0.75H 2 O ( 2 ), [Ni(ABATs)]·0.75H 2 O ( 3 ), [Cu(ABATs)]·0.5H 2 O ( 4 ) and [Zn(ABATs)]·0.75H 2 O ( 5 ) are mononuclear distorted tetrahedral helical complexes in the solid state. Complexes 1 and 2 confirm the ability of this type of ligand to dictate the geometry around the metal centre, as is shown by the unfamiliar tetrahedral environments of manganese( II ) and iron( II ) ions in complexation with the Schiff bases. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
Development and Qualification of IMM&beta; and Z4J+, Radiation Hard III-V Solar cells (2022)

Solaero has begun AIAA-S111 qualification of its new, radiation-hard, solar cells: the 33.3% IMM&beta; (AM0 1353 W/m2) and 31.3% Z4J+ (AM0 1353 W/m2). These solar cells are designed targeting ideal performance in real operating environments including charged particle irradiation and elevated temperatures. This presentation outlines the performance of the cells, the advancements in material quality and device design, as well as unique features, such as the reduction in solar absorptance of IMM&beta;.
Helios Gene Gun Particle Delivery for Therapy of Acid Maltase Deficiency (2002)

Autosomal recessive deficiency of lysosomal acid maltase (GAA) or glycogen storage disease type II (GSDII) results in a spectrum of phenotypes including a rapidly fatal infantile disorder (Pompe's), juvenile, and a late-onset adult myopathy. The infantile onset form presents as hypotonia with massive accumulation of glycogen in skeletal and heart muscle, with death due to cardiorespiratory failure. Adult patients with the slowly progressive form develop severe skeletal muscle weakness and respiratory failure. Particle bombardment is a safe, efficient physical method in which high-density, subcellular-sized particles are accelerated to high velocity to carry DNA into cells. Because it does not depend on a specific ligand, receptor, or biochemical features on cell surfaces, particle-mediated gene transfer can be readily applied to a variety of systems. We evaluated particle bombardment as a delivery system for therapy of GSDII. We utilized a vector carrying the CMV promoter linked to the human GAA cDNA. Human GSDII cell lines (fibroblasts and lymphoid) as well as ex vivo with adult-onset peripheral blood cells (lymphocytes and monocytes) were transiently transfected by bombardment with a Helios gene gun delivering gold particles coated with the GAA expression plasmid. All cell types showed an increase in human GAA activity greater than 50% of normal activity. Subsequently, GAA -/- mice were treated every 2 weeks for 4 months by particle bombardment to the epidermis of the lower back and hind limbs. Muscle weakness in the hind and forelimbs was reversed. These data suggest that particle delivery of the GAA cDNA by the Helios gene gun may be a safe, effective treatment for GSDII.
Integration of electrical vehicles into the smart grid in the Harz.EE-mobility research project (2011)

Electro vehicles have a significant potential as a manageable load in future energy systems. One of the critical key obstacles to make use of this potential is a common vehicle to grid control interface to enable the aggregation of the charging process for the energy management in the distribution grid. To discuss the recent standardization efforts of the joint working group between ISO and IEC the paper takes three perspectives. In the first perspective based on the research project Harz.EE-mobility the challenges of the introduction of electro vehicles into the distribution grid are described. To understand the ecosystem of electro mobility in the second perspective the different stakeholders and their requirements on the vehicle 2 grid interface are described. In the third perspective the electrical vehicle is described as an entity in the smart grid and a concept to integrate these entities in the grid and VPP management are discussed. Finally a concrete implementation of a charging management system based on the vehicle to grid control interface currently under standardization is evaluated.
Coronary smooth muscle adaptation to exercise: does it play a role in cardioprotection? (2003)

Substantial evidence exists supporting the role of chronic exercise in reducing the incidence and severity of coronary vascular disease. Physical inactivity is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease suggesting that the cardioprotective effect of exercise is due, in part, to an intrinsic adaptation within the coronary vasculature. Surprisingly, a paucity of information exists regarding the intrinsic cellular changes within the coronary vasculature associated with exercise training and even less is known regarding the effect of physical activity on long-term phenotypic modulation of coronary smooth muscle (CSM). The purpose of this symposium is to provide a concise update on the current knowledge regarding CSM adaptation to exercise training and the potential for these adaptations to contribute to exercise-induced cardioprotection. The potential role of CSM in exercise-induced cardioprotection will be approached from two perspectives. First, endurance exercise training effects on the regulation of coronary vasomotor tone via changes in CSM calcium regulation will be reviewed, i.e. short-term functional adaptation. Secondly, we will discuss potential long-term consequences of this altered calcium regulation, i.e. exercise-induced phenotypic modulation of CSM. We propose that exercise training alters CSM intracellular calcium regulation to reduce Ca2+-dependent activation of the contractile apparatus and Ca2+-dependent gene transcription and increase activation of sarcolemmal potassium channels. The overall effect is to increase the gain of the vasomotor system and maintain a stable, contractile CSM phenotype.
Figure S7 from Inhibiting ERK5 Overcomes Breast Cancer Resistance to Anti-HER2 Therapy By Targeting the G<sub>1</sub>–S Cell-Cycle Transition (2023)

&lt;p&gt;These data support the conclusion that ERK5 inhibtion enhances the cytostatic activity of lapatinib in resistance cells without increasing cytotoxicity.&lt;/p&gt;
A surface 3'-exonuclease of Novikoff hepatoma ascites cells. (1972)

Summary Protamine sulfate enhanced adsorption of deoxy- or riboheptanucleotides to Novikoff hepatoma ascites cells. Most of these adsorbed oligo- or longer polynucleotides were loosely bound to the cell surface and were released upon resuspension in fresh medium. Temperature-dependent release of much of the more tightly adsorbed oligo- or polynucleotides resulted from enzymatic digestion and release of the products into the intracellular fluid. The responsible enzyme(s) for the temperature-dependent release of oligo- or polynucleotides are located at the cell surface, since the cell fraction contained very small amounts of degraded products while the extracellular fraction contained degraded products in increasing amounts with increased duration of incubation at 37°. Degradation of the oligo- or polynucleotides was directly proportional to the log of the cell concentration. A 3′-exonuclease, which attacks ribo- or deoxyribooligonucleotides and releases 5′-mononucleotides, and a phosphatase appear to be the major enzymes that degrade the oligo- or polynucleotides.