gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermal and photochemical dimerization of norbornadiene using tetracarbonylnickel as a catalyst (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermal and photochemical dimerization of norbornadiene using tetracarbonylnickel as a catalystG. E. Voecks, P. W. Jennings, G. D. Smith, and C. N. CaughlanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1972, 37, 9, 1460–1462Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00974a045https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00974a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views100Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Application of Broad-Spectrum, Sequence-Based Pathogen Identification in an Urban Population (2007)

A broad spectrum detection platform that provides sequence level resolution of target regions would have a significant impact in public health, case management, and means of expanding our understanding of the etiology of diseases. A previously developed respiratory pathogen microarray (RPM v.1) demonstrated the capability of this platform for this purpose. This newly developed RPM v.1 was used to analyze 424 well-characterized nasal wash specimens from patients presenting with febrile respiratory illness in the Washington, D. C. metropolitan region. For each specimen, the RPM v.1 results were compared against composite reference assay (viral and bacterial culture and, where appropriate, RT-PCR/PCR) results. Across this panel, the RPM assay showed >or=98% overall agreement for all the organisms detected compared with reference methods. Additionally, the RPM v.1 results provide sequence information which allowed phylogenetic classification of circulating influenza A viruses in approximately 250 clinical specimens, and allowed monitoring the genetic variation as well as antigenic variability prediction. Multiple pathogens (2-4) were detected in 58 specimens (13.7%) with notably increased abundances of respiratory colonizers (esp. S. pneumoniae) during viral infection. This first-ever comparison of a broad-spectrum viral and bacterial identification technology of this type against a large battery of conventional "gold standard" assays confirms the utility of the approach for both medical surveillance and investigations of complex etiologies of illness caused by respiratory co-infections.
Structural quality of impurity-containing KDP single crystals (1998)

KDP single crystals grown from aqueous solutions by the recirculation method from nominally 'pure' raw material and added impurities Ca, Si, Pb, Cr, hydrogen peroxide were studied by high resolution x-ray method. It was found that additional introduction of impurities leads to a deterioration of structural quality of crystals. The main growth defects of crystals at dislocation density approximately 10 2 cm -2 at the absence of zonarity and sectionality is the impurity striation and presence of low angle quasi-boundaries. One can observe a correlation between the concentration of low angle quasi-boundaries, dispersion of structure sensitive parameters and the value of bulk laser damage threshold.
Influence of O-Methylated Metabolite Penetrating the Blood–Brain Barrier to Estimation of Dopamine Synthesis Capacity in Human L-[β-11C]DOPA PET (2013)

O-methyl metabolite (L-[β-(11)C]OMD) of (11)C-labeled L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-[β-(11)C]DOPA) can penetrate into brain tissue through the blood-brain barrier, and can complicate the estimation of dopamine synthesis capacity by positron emission tomography (PET) study with L-[β-(11)C]DOPA. We evaluated the impact of L-[β-(11)C]OMD on the estimation of the dopamine synthesis capacity in a human L-[β-(11)C]DOPA PET study. The metabolite correction with mathematical modeling of L-[β-(11)C]OMD kinetics in a reference region without decarboxylation and further metabolism, proposed by a previous [(18)F]FDOPA PET study, were implemented to estimate radioactivity of tissue L-[β-(11)C]OMD in 10 normal volunteers. The component of L-[β-(11)C]OMD in tissue time-activity curves (TACs) in 10 regions were subtracted by the estimated radioactivity of L-[β-(11)C]OMD. To evaluate the influence of omitting blood sampling and metabolite correction, relative dopamine synthesis rate (kref) was estimated by Gjedde-Patlak analysis with reference tissue input function, as well as the net dopamine synthesis rate (Ki) by Gjedde-Patlak analysis with the arterial input function and TAC without and with metabolite correction. Overestimation of Ki was observed without metabolite correction. However, the kref and Ki with metabolite correction were significantly correlated. These data suggest that the influence of L-[β-(11)C]OMD is minimal for the estimation of kref as dopamine synthesis capacity.
Spectral properties of angled-grating high-power semiconductor lasers (2002)

The beam quality in high-power semiconductor lasers are generally limited by filamentation and weak lateral mode control. The use of grating has recently been explored in a variety of ways. The /spl alpha/-DFB laser in particular has been demonstrated to have diffraction limited beam qualities and high power levels. The optical cavity of the /spl alpha/-DFB laser is shaped like a parallelogram several hundred microns wide by a few millimeters long. A wide stripe of grating is etched along the length of the cavity and oriented at an angle to the facets.
Advanced Optical Testing of an Array in 65 nm CMOS Technology (2005)

Abstract In this paper we present the advanced optical testing of an array fabricated in IBM’s 65 nm SOI CMOS technology, using the Picosecond Imaging Circuit Analysis (PICA) [1-11] tool equipped with the Superconducting Single-Photon Detector (SSPD) [12,13]. Based on the results of the optical analysis we were able to confirm a time collision problem in the readout circuit of the array. In the following sections we will also discuss the use of an innovative optical packaging for testing chips requiring wire-bonding, along with record low voltage optical measurements, down to 0.7 V.
PfRH5: A Novel Reticulocyte-Binding Family Homolog of Plasmodium falciparum that Binds to the Erythrocyte, and an Investigation of Its Receptor (2008)

Multiple interactions between parasite ligands and their receptors on the human erythrocyte are a condition of successful Plasmodium falciparum invasion. The identification and characterization of these receptors presents a major challenge in the effort to understand the mechanism of invasion and to develop the means to prevent it. We describe here a novel member of the reticulocyte-binding family homolog (RH) of P. falciparum, PfRH5, and show that it binds to a previously unrecognized receptor on the RBC. PfRH5 is expressed as a 63 kDa protein and localized at the apical end of the invasive merozoite. We have expressed a fragment of PfRH5 which contains the RBC-binding domain and exhibits the same pattern of interactions with the RBC as the parent protein. Attachment is inhibited if the target cells are exposed to high concentrations of trypsin, but not to lower concentrations or to chymotrypsin or neuraminidase. We have determined the affinity, copy number and apparent molecular mass of the receptor protein. Thus, we have shown that PfRH5 is a novel erythrocyte-binding ligand and the identification and partial characterization of the new RBC receptor may indicate the existence of an unrecognized P. falciparum invasion pathway.
Algorithm for multi-curve-fitting with shared parameters and a possible application in evoked compound action potential measurements (2006)

The introduced fitting algorithm uses the relationship between multiple measurement results to increase the accuracy of the parameters. Its application in the field of ECAP measurements is promising and should be further investigated.
Characterization of porcine endogenous retrovirus particles released by the CRISPR/Cas9 inactivated cell line PK15 clone 15 (2019)

The infection of human transplant recipients by porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) is a safety issue for xenotransplantation (XTx). CRISPR/Cas9 technology has enabled the generation of pigs free of functional PERVs, and the susceptibility of these animals to reinfection by PERVs remains unclear. To assess virological safety, we characterized a cell line in which PERVs have been inactivated by CRISPR/Cas9 (PK15 clone 15) for its susceptibility to infectious PERV. First, basal expression of PERV pol, the porcine PERV-A receptor (POPAR), and reverse transcriptase (RT) activity of PERV were determined. PK15 clone 15 cells were inoculated with PERV and monitored post infection for virus expression and RT activity. Particles were visualized by electron microscopy. Our data show that PK15 clone 15 cells still produce viral proteins that assemble to produce impaired viral particles. These virions have an irregular morphology that diverges from that of mature wild type. The particles are no longer infectious when tested in a downstream infection assay using supernatants of PK15 clone 15 cells to infect susceptible swine testis-IOWA (ST-IOWA) cells. The expression of POPAR was quantified to exclude the possibility that lack of susceptibility to reinfection, for PERV-A, is caused by absence of viral host receptor(s). PK15 and PK15 clone 15 cells do, in fact, express POPAR equally. PERV RT inactivation mediated by CRISPR/Cas9 does not compromise virus assembly but affects virion structure and proviral integration. The constitutive virion production seems to maintain cellular resistance to superinfection and possibly indicates a protective side effect of this specific CRISPR/Cas9 mediated RT inactivation.
4H-SiC MESFET with 2.8 W/mm power density at 1.8 GHz (1994)

MESFET's were fabricated using 4H-SiC substrates and epitaxy. The D.C., S-parameter, and output power characteristics of the 0.7 μm gate length, 332 μm gate width MESFET's were measured. At /spl nu//sub ds/=25 V the current density was about 300 mA/mm and the maximum transconductance was in the range of 38-42 mS/mm. The device had 9.3 dB gain at 5 GHz and f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> =12.9 GHz. At V/sub ds/=54 V the power density was 2.8 W/mm with a power added efficiency=12.7%.
In vivo stability and disposition of a self-stabilized oligodeoxynucleotide phosphorothioate in rats (1995)

The use of antisense oligonucleotides represents a novel, genetically based therapy. The biostability and pharmacokinetics of a 33-mer self-stabilized oligodeoxynucleotide with significant anti-HIV activity was determined in rats after intravenous administration of [35S]oligodeoxynucleotide. Plasma disappearance of the labeled oligodeoxynucleotide could be described by a two-compartment model, with half-lives of 0.54 and 41.44 h. The oligodeoxynucleotide in plasma remained mainly intact. Urinary excretion represented the major elimination pathway, with approximately 27% of the administered dose excreted within 24 h and 57% over 240 h. The majority of radioactivity in urine was attached to degradative products. Fecal excretion was a minor elimination pathway. A wide tissue distribution of the oligonucleotide was observed, with the majority of radioactivity in most tissues being intact. Compared with other linear oligonucleotide phosphorothioates, the self-stabilized oligonucleotide was more stable in vivo, which may be important in development of antisense oligonucleotides as therapeutic agents.
Recombinant Chimeric IgA1 and IgA2 Antibodies for Tumor Immunotherapy. (2007)

Abstract The therapeutic potential of human IgA antibodies has hardly been explored, although IgA is the most abundantly produced antibody isotype in humans. Here, we describe the generation and functional characterization of human/mouse chimeric IgA antibodies against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R), which is a validated target antigen for tumor immunotherapy. Human IgG1, IgA1 and IgA2 variants of the C225 antibody were produced in CHO-K1 transfectomas using serum-free, non-adherent culture conditions. Productivity rates of selected IgA producing clones were approximately 5 pg/cell/day. A two-step purification procedure consisting of thiophilic agarose columns followed by gel electrophoresis on Superdex 200 yielded highly purified monomeric IgA antibodies, which were stable at 4° C. Silver staining and Western blots with human kappa-light- and human α-heavy chain antibodies confirmed the purity and correct assemby of IgA1 and IgA2 antibodies. Co-transfection of a His-tagged joining (J) chain significantly increased the amount of dimeric IgA antibodies, which were detected by anti-His antibodies. IgG1 and monomeric IgA antibodies demonstrated similar binding to EGF-R expressing A431 tumor cells (EC50 approx. 10 μg/ml) and to EGF-R transfectants. Furthermore, IgA1 and IgA2, but not IgG1 demonstrated binding to FcαRI (CD89)- transfected cells. All three isotypes were similarly effective in recruiting F(ab’)- mediated killing mechanisms such as blockade of EGF binding, inhibiting EGF-R phosphorylation, and mediating growth inhibition of EGF-R expressing cells. All three isotypes did not activate complement- mediated killing. Human IgG1 effectively triggered MNC- mediated ADCC, but activated PMN only weakly. Importantly, both human IgA isotypes were significantly more effective than IgG1 in recruiting neutrophils for ADCC (EC50 approx. 0.25 μg/ml), and triggered ADCC at effector to target cell ratios as low as 5:1. Since neutrophils constitute the most abundant effector cell population in human blood, IgA antibodies triggered higher levels of tumor cell killing in whole blood assays than human IgG1 antibodies - particularly when blood from G-CSF- primed donors was compared to healthy donor blood. Together, these data suggest that recombinant human IgA antibodies can be produced in reasonable amounts, and that they may constitute promising reagents for immunotherapy.
Topographic Analysis of Human Epidermal Growth Factor by Monospecific Antibodies and Synthetic Peptides (1989)

The mode of interaction between human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) and its receptor has been investigated by immunochemical studies and a synthetic peptide approach. Two types of monoclonal and five different monospecific polyclonal antibodies against hEGF have been prepared, whose epitopes are regions 1–13, 13–32, 33–53, 33–43, 22–32, and discontinuous sequences of hEGF. Antibody against 22–32 (Type I) and antibody against 33–53 (PRE 4) inhibited the binding of 125I-hEGF to membrane receptor on A 431 cells more markedly than the other antibodies. When hEGF was bound to the receptor, only antibody against 13–32 (PRE 2) could bind to hEGF-receptor complex whereas antibody against 22–32 (Type I) could not. These data suggest that region 13–20 is exposed outside during receptor-binding and both region 22–32 and region 33–53 contact the hEGF receptor. The activity of synthetic peptides corresponding to the amino acid residues 1–13, 13–32, 33–53, 13–20, 22–32, and 33–43 of hEGF was also examined. Out of the six peptides, only 13 32 stimulated DNA synthesis of B ALB 3T3 cells. The activity was approximately 1/106 of that of intact hEGF. All of these data suggest that region 22–32 is responsible for binding to the receptor for signal transduction and region 33–53 binds to the receptor to stabilize the ligand-receptor interaction. This dual binding model fits in well with the three-dimensional hEGF structure deduced from NMR spectra.
Double diffraction grating alignment method using checker grating. (1st report). Alignment accuracy evaluation. (1989)

This paper presents TTL (through the lens) double diffraction grating alignment method using checker grating. An interferometric method, which utilizes a novel pair of grating marks located on the mask and wafer, has been developed. This method have the following characteristics : (1) High S/N alignment signal can also be obtained using many processed wafers. (2) Alignment light doesn't expose the resist on the wafer. (3) The alignment signal is not influenced by defocussing on the wafer. (4) The alignment signal can also be detected during exposure, and real time alignment is possible. The performances for this method were experimentally evaluated, using several processed wafers. As a result, closer than 0.15 μm (3σ) accuracy has been obtained.
Storage management for evolving databases (2002)

The problem of maintaining data that arrives continuously over time is increasingly prevalent in databases and digital libraries. Building on a model for sliding window indices developed by N. Shivakumar and H. Garcia-Molina (1997), we devise efficient algorithms for some of the central problems that arise. We also show connections between the problems in this model and some fundamental problems in optimization and graph theory.
Data from Pharmacologic Inhibition of NT5C2 Reverses Genetic and Nongenetic Drivers of 6-MP Resistance in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Low-intensity maintenance therapy with 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) limits the occurrence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) relapse and is central to the success of multiagent chemotherapy protocols. Activating mutations in the 5′-nucleotidase cytosolic II (&lt;i&gt;NT5C2&lt;/i&gt;) gene drive resistance to 6-MP in over 35% of early relapse ALL cases. Here we identify CRCD2 as a first-in-class small-molecule NT5C2 nucleotidase inhibitor broadly active against leukemias bearing highly prevalent relapse-associated mutant forms of NT5C2 &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. Importantly, CRCD2 treatment also enhanced the cytotoxic activity of 6-MP in &lt;i&gt;NT5C2&lt;/i&gt; wild-type leukemias, leading to the identification of NT5C2 Ser502 phosphorylation as a novel NT5C2-mediated mechanism of 6-MP resistance in this disease. These results uncover an unanticipated role of nongenetic NT5C2 activation as a driver of 6-MP resistance in ALL and demonstrate the potential of NT5C2 inhibitor therapy for enhancing the efficacy of thiopurine maintenance therapy and overcoming resistance at relapse.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;Relapse-associated &lt;i&gt;NT5C2&lt;/i&gt; mutations directly contribute to relapse in ALL by driving resistance to chemotherapy with 6-MP. Pharmacologic inhibition of NT5C2 with CRCD2, a first-in-class nucleotidase inhibitor, enhances the cytotoxic effects of 6-MP and effectively reverses thiopurine resistance mediated by genetic and nongenetic mechanisms of NT5C2 activation in ALL.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="https://aacrjournals.org/cancerdiscovery/article/doi/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-12-11-ITI" target="_blank"&gt;This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2483&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Webseclab security education workbench (2010)

We have developed and tested a virtual-machine-based web-application security student laboratory, Webseclab, comprising a LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP) stack, a variety of development tools, and the three most popular browsers for the Linux platform. This environment, tested in weekly participatory labs and weekly homework, hosts a teaching framework, exercise sets and labs, and a sandboxed student development environment. Eighty incremental exercises based on recent security research, and challenge projects, including one based on real open-source applications, teach the major web application vulnerabilities and defenses, in an encapsulated environment that allows students to experiment freely without interfering with each other or with public networks. In contrast to problems experienced with hands-on projects used in previous years, student response to this platform and its contained exercises has been remarkably positive. 1
The efficacy of tetracycline antibiotics for treatment of lichen planus: an open-label clinical trial (2007)

Journal Article The efficacy of tetracycline antibiotics for treatment of lichen planus: an open‐label clinical trial Get access B.M. Hantash, B.M. Hantash Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 257 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.H. Kanzler M.H. Kanzler Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 257 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, U.S.A.Division of Dermatology, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, CA, U.S.A. E‐mail: bhantash@stanford.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 156, Issue 4, 1 April 2007, Pages 758–760, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07733.x Published: 01 April 2007
Targets, models and challenges in osteoarthritis research (2015)

Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disorder of the joint and represents one of the most common diseases worldwide. Its prevalence and severity are increasing owing to aging of the population, but treatment options remain largely limited to painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs, which only provide symptomatic relief. In the late stages of the disease, surgical interventions are often necessary to partially restore joint function. Although the focus of osteoarthritis research has been originally on the articular cartilage, novel findings are now pointing to osteoarthritis as a disease of the whole joint, in which failure of different joint components can occur. In this Review, we summarize recent progress in the field, including data from novel 'omics' technologies and from a number of preclinical and clinical trials. We describe different in vitro and in vivo systems that can be used to study molecules, pathways and cells that are involved in osteoarthritis. We illustrate that a comprehensive and multisystem approach is necessary to understand the complexity and heterogeneity of the disease and to better guide the development of novel therapeutic strategies for osteoarthritis.