gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Contribution of wall mechanics to the dynamic properties of aortic baroreceptors (1993)

To examine the contribution of wall mechanics to dynamic properties of baroreceptors, we subdivided the transfer function of baroreceptors into two subsystems [aortic pressure to diameter and diameter to aortic depressor nerve activity (ANA)]. In six alpha-chloralose-anesthetized rabbits, we measured pressure, diameter, and ANA while randomly perturbing pressure. We obtained transfer functions (pressure to ANA, diameter to ANA, and pressure to diameter) by taking the ratio of crosspower spectrum to the input power spectrum (0.005-5 Hz). Below 3 Hz, the transfer function from pressure to ANA was nearly identical to that from diameter to ANA, whereas that from pressure to diameter was flat. Using transfer functions we could reproduce adaptation and hysteresis that were quantitatively similar between pressure-ANA transduction and diameter-ANA transduction. The pressure-diameter relationship was almost instantaneous and thus showed no hysteresis. In a second group of rabbits, the ratio of the shift of the hysteresis loop was unchanged by ouabain (40 micrograms/kg iv, n = 7). We conclude that the dynamic properties of baroreceptors may not be related to the wall mechanics or the Na(+)-K(+)-adenosinetriphosphatase activity.
Detection of collaborative activity with Kinect depth cameras (2016)

The health status of elderly subjects is highly correlated to their activities together with their social interactions. Thus, the long term monitoring in home of their health status, shall also address the analysis of collaborative activities. This paper proposes a preliminary approach of such a system which can detect the simultaneous presence of several subjects in a common area using Kinect depth cameras. Most areas in home being dedicated to specific tasks, the localization enables the classification of tasks, whether collaborative or not. A scenario of a 24 hours day shrunk into 24 minutes was used to validate our approach. It pointed out the need of artifacts removal to reach high specificity and good sensitivity.
Formalizing Causal Block Diagrams for Modeling a Class of Hybrid Dynamic Systems (2006)

This paper attempts to formalize the semantics of causal block diagrams, a language that is extensively used in the design of technical systems. The formalization is based on lambda calculus, and implemented in the declarative functional language Haskell. Specifically, the combination of discrete-time and continuous-time computations, hybrid dynamic systems, is concentrated on. It shows how in many cases this combination causes multi-rate computations and so transition semantics between the two types of computations are strictly necessary. A loose interpretation is shown to result in an implementation that is amenable to error.
The quest for forbidden crystals (2014)

Abstract The world of crystallography was forced to reassess its rules about thirty years ago with the introduction of the concept of quasicrystals, solids with rotational symmetries forbidden to crystals, by Levine and Steinhardt (1984) and the discovery of the first examples in the laboratory by Shechtman et al. (1984). Since then, &gt;100 different types of quasicrystals have been synthesized in the laboratory under carefully controlled conditions. The original theory suggested that quasicrystals can be as robust and stable as crystals, perhaps even forming under natural conditions. This thought motivated a decade-long search for a natural quasicrystal, culminating in the discovery of icosahedrite (Al 63 Cu 24 Fe 13 ), an icosahedral quasicrystal found in a museum sample consisting of several typical rock-forming minerals combined with exotic rare metal alloy minerals like khatyrkite and cupalite. Here we briefly recount the extraordinary story of the search and discovery of the first natural quasicrystal.
Holistic Cube Analysis: A Query Framework for Data Insights (2023)

Many data insight questions can be viewed as searching in a large space of tables and finding important ones, where the notion of importance is defined in some adhoc user defined manner. This paper presents Holistic Cube Analysis (HoCA), a framework that augments the capabilities of relational queries for such problems. HoCA first augments the relational data model and introduces a new data type AbstractCube, defined as a function which maps a region-features pair to a relational table (a region is a tuple which specifies values of a set of dimensions). AbstractCube provides a logical form of data, and HoCA operators are cube-to-cube transformations. We describe two basic but fundamental HoCA operators, cube crawling and cube join (with many possible extensions). Cube crawling explores a region space, and outputs a cube that maps regions to signal vectors. Cube join, in turn, is critical for composition, allowing one to join information from different cubes for deeper analysis. Cube crawling introduces two novel programming features, (programmable) Region Analysis Models (RAMs) and Multi-Model Crawling. Crucially, RAM has a notion of population features, which allows one to go beyond only analyzing local features at a region, and program region-population analysis that compares region and population features, capturing a large class of importance notions. HoCA has a rich algorithmic space, such as optimizing crawling and join performance, and physical design of cubes. We have implemented and deployed HoCA at Google. Our early HoCA offering has attracted more than 30 teams building applications with it, across a diverse spectrum of fields including system monitoring, experimentation analysis, and business intelligence. For many applications, HoCA empowers novel and powerful analyses, such as instances of recurrent crawling, which are challenging to achieve otherwise.
<title>Near-infrared welding of aorta and skin tissues using a Cr<formula><sup><roman>4+</roman></sup></formula>:YAG laser</title> (2002)

We present a study on welding of ex vivo aorta and skin samples using a tunable Cr4+: yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) laser to explore the wavelength dependence of the welding efficacy. Welding efficacy was monitored by measuring the tensile strength of the welded tissue and the extent of collateral tissue damage. Tensile strengths were measured using a digital force gauge. Full thickness tissue bonding was observed with both aorta and skin samples. The welding of aorta was so perfect that it was difficult to distinguish the welded sites from the non-welded sites on hematoxylin and eosin staining of the samples under optical microscope. No collateral damage of the aorta samples was observed. Scanning Electron Microscopic study of the welded samples supported the optical microscopy results. Best results for aorta and skin were achieved in the 1455-1460 nm range. The weld strength as a function of wavelength correlates with the absorption spectrum of water. Fluorescence imaging of welded aorta and skin shows no significant change in collagen and elastin signal.
Changes in sympathetic nerve activity of the mammalian ovary during a normal estrous cycle and in polycystic ovary syndrome: Studies on norepinephrine release (2002)

Abstract Although it has been known for many years that the ovary is innervated by catecholaminergic nerve fibers and much experimental evidence has strengthened the notion that catecholamines are physiologically involved in the control of ovarian function, scarce evidence has been presented as to the role of sympathetic activity in ovarian pathologies that affect reproductive function. The purpose of this article is to provide a succinct overview of the findings in this area and discuss them relative to the pathology of polycystic ovary syndrome, the most common ovarian pathology in women during their reproductive years. Microsc. Res. Tech. 59:495–502, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Portal-phase contrast-enhanced helical CT for the detection of malignant hepatic tumors: sensitivity based on comparison with intraoperative and pathologic findings. (1996)

Our results show that portal-phase contrast-enhanced helical CT is extremely sensitive (91%) for detecting malignant hepatic tumors greater than 1 cm, is relatively insensitive (56%) for tumors less than 1 cm, and has a low false-positive rate. These results compare favorably with published results for CT during arterial portography, the current gold standard for liver tumor detection, suggesting that portal-phase IV contrast-enhanced helical CT is an excellent noninvasive preoperative study prior to hepatic resection or cryosurgery.
Mass spectrometry of 1,4-benzodiazepines (1975)

Mass spectra and fragmentation pathways of some achiral and a number of chiral 1,4-benzodiazepine-2-ones, and those of their in vitro biotransformation products are reported and discussed. Various derivatives substituted in position 3 are shown to be useful for the determination of fragmentation pathways from low resolution spectra.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of N‐Boc‐1‐naphthylglycine. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Performance improvements of wireless IP multicast conference system based on designated receivers (2002)

The problem due to wireless network environments is investigated and performance improvements in implementing wireless IP multicast conference system are studied. In wireless communication, since there are various error environments, a long delay occurs and the QoS is degraded due to retransmission. To improve the end-to-end delay, the resource usage and QoS of the wireless network, DR (designated receiver) located at caches of the BS (base station) receives data and responds to the retransmission requests of the receivers. If error occurs in the wireless channel, MH in each local region sends a NAK to its corresponding DR located at the BS, which manages the retransmission routine. Simulation results show that the proposed method has a better performance than conventional methods in view of the delay and throughput because the data error is quickly restored.
Personalized online ensemble machine learning with applications for dynamic data streams (2023)

In this work we introduce the personalized online super learner (POSL), an online personalizable ensemble machine learning algorithm for streaming data. POSL optimizes predictions with respect to baseline covariates, so personalization can vary from completely individualized, that is, optimization with respect to subject ID, to many individuals, that is, optimization with respect to common baseline covariates. As an online algorithm, POSL learns in real time. As a super learner, POSL is grounded in statistical optimality theory and can leverage a diversity of candidate algorithms, including online algorithms with different training and update times, fixed/offline algorithms that are not updated during POSL's fitting procedure, pooled algorithms that learn from many individuals' time series, and individualized algorithms that learn from within a single time series. POSL's ensembling of the candidates can depend on the amount of data collected, the stationarity of the time series, and the mutual characteristics of a group of time series. Depending on the underlying data-generating process and the information available in the data, POSL is able to adapt to learning across samples, through time, or both. For a range of simulations that reflect realistic forecasting scenarios and in a medical application, we examine the performance of POSL relative to other current ensembling and online learning methods. We show that POSL is able to provide reliable predictions for both short and long time series, and it's able to adjust to changing data-generating environments. We further cultivate POSL's practicality by extending it to settings where time series dynamically enter and exit.
Nonfitting protein–ligand interaction scoring function based on first‐principles theoretical chemistry methods: Development and application on kinase inhibitors (2013)

Targeted therapy is currently a hot topic in the fields of cancer research and drug design. An important requirement for this approach is the development of potent and selective inhibitors for the identified target protein. However, current ways to estimate inhibitor efficacy rely on empirical protein-ligand interaction scoring functions which, suffering from their heavy parameterizations, often lead to a low accuracy. In this work, we develop a nonfitting scoring function, which consists of three terms: (1) gas-phase protein-ligand binding enthalpy obtained by the eXtended ONIOM hybrid method based on an integration of density functional theory (DFT) methods (XYG3 and ωB97X-D) and the semiempirical PM6 method, (2) solvation free energy based on DFT-SMD solvation model, and (3) entropy effect estimated by using DFT frequency analysis. The new scoring function is tested on a cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) inhibitor database including 76 CDK2 protein inhibitors and a p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) inhibitor database including 20 organometallic PAK1 protein inhibitors. From the results, good correlations are found between the calculated scores and the experimental inhibitor efficacies with the square of correlation coefficient R(2) of 0.76-0.88. This suggests a good predictive power of this scoring function. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first high level theory-based nonfitting scoring function with such a good level of performance. This scoring function is recommended to be used in the final screening of lead structure derivatives.
Metal nanoparticle-decorated germanane for selective photocatalytic aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol (2022)

Two dimensional materials such as germanane have attracted substantial research interest due to their unique chemical, optical, and electronic properties. A variety of methods for introducing diverse functionalities to their surfaces have been reported and these materials have been exploited as photocatalysts. Herein, we report the preparation of metal nanoparticle (Au, Ag, Cu, Pd, Pt) decorated germanane (M@GeNSs) <i>via</i> facile surface-mediated reduction and investigate their structure, composition, as well morphology using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). These functional materials were subsequently explored as photocatalysts for selective visible light-induced oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde as freestanding nanosystems and thin films and a reaction mechanism of the photocatalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohol is proposed.
JOURNALOF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS (1996)

Imaging technologies offer numerous possibilities to investigate the processes involved in neural development. The optical coherence tomography ( OCT) technology is analogous to ultrasound backscatter microscopy except reflections of light are detected rather than sound. The OCT technology combines high-resolution in vivo imaging in a diode-based benchtop instrument capable of micron-scale resolution in transparent and non-transparent biological specimens. In this paper, we examine the potential of using OCT for the investigation of developing neural morphology. To demonstrate the capabilities of this technique in assessing neural development, we have chosen to image early normal and abnormal neural morphology in a common developmental biology model, Xenopus laevis. In vivo images clearly identify gross and subtle differences in neural structure and may offer an alternative to the costly and time-consuming process of repeated histological preparation for neural developmental studies. Because imaging can be performed rapidly and repeatedly, the morphological changes of single specimens can be followed throughout development. To illustrate the future potential of this technique, a state-of-the-art Cr4+:forsterite modelocked laser is used as a broad bandwidth light source to image individual cells in a developing specimen.
House dust mites as potential carriers for IgE sensitization to bacterial antigens (2017)

House dust mites (HDM) may serve as carriers of bacteria responsible for the induction of IgE sensitization to microbial antigens.
Data from HDAC6 Plays a Noncanonical Role in the Regulation of Antitumor Immune Responses, Dissemination, and Invasiveness of Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Despite the outstanding clinical results of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in melanoma and other cancers, clinical trials in breast cancer have reported low responses to these therapies. Current efforts are now focused on improving the treatment efficacy of ICB in breast cancer using new combination designs such as molecularly targeted agents, including histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi). These epigenetic drugs have been widely described as potent cytotoxic agents for cancer cells. In this work, we report new noncanonical regulatory properties of ultra-selective HDAC6i over the expression and function of epithelial–mesenchymal transition pathways and the invasiveness potential of breast cancer. These unexplored roles position HDAC6i as attractive options to potentiate ongoing immunotherapeutic approaches. These new functional activities of HDAC6i involved regulation of the E-cadherin/STAT3 axis. Pretreatment of tumors with HDAC6i induced critical changes in the tumor microenvironment, resulting in improved effectiveness of ICB and preventing dissemination of cancer cells to secondary niches. Our results demonstrate for the first time that HDAC6i can both improve ICB antitumor immune responses and diminish the invasiveness of breast cancer with minimal cytotoxic effects, thus departing from the cytotoxicity-centric paradigm previously assigned to HDACi.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;Ultraselective HDAC6 inhibitors can reduce tumor growth and invasiveness of breast cancer by noncanonical mechanisms unrelated to the previously cytotoxic properties attributed to HDAC inhibitors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
The advantages of a rolling foot in human walking (2006)

The plantigrade human foot rolls over the ground during each walking step, roughly analogous to a wheel. The center of pressure progresses on the ground like a wheel of radius 0.3 L (leg length). We examined the effect of varying foot curvature on the mechanics and energetics of walking. We controlled curvature by attaching rigid arc shapes of various radii to the bottoms of rigid boots restricting ankle motion. We measured mechanical work performed on the center of mass (COM), and net metabolic rate, in human subjects (N=10) walking with seven arc radii from 0.02-0.40 m. Simple models of dynamic walking predict that redirection of COM velocity requires step-to-step transition work, decreasing quadratically with arc radius. Metabolic cost would be expected to change in proportion to mechanical work. We measured the average rate of negative work performed on the COM, and found that it followed the trend well (r2=0.95), with 2.37 times as much work for small radii as for large. Net metabolic rate (subtracting quiet standing) also decreased with increasing arc radius to a minimum at 0.3 L, with a slight increase thereafter. Maximum net metabolic rate was 6.25 W kg(-1) (for small-radius arc feet), about 59% greater than the minimum rate of 3.93 W kg(-1), which in turn was about 45% greater than the rate in normal walking. Metabolic rate was fit reasonably well (r2=0.86) by a quadratic curve, but exceeded that expected from COM work for extreme arc sizes. Other factors appear to increase metabolic cost for walking on very small and very large arc feet. These factors may include effort expended to stabilize the joints (especially the knee) or to maintain balance. Rolling feet with curvature 0.3 L appear energetically advantageous for plantigrade walking, partially due to decreased work for step-to-step transitions.
Enhanced Stress Proximity Technique with Recessed S/D to Improve Device Performance at 45nm and Beyond (2008)

A novel low cost technique to improve device performance by enhanced Stress Proximity Technique (eSPT) with Recessed S/D (ReSD) has been demonstrated for the first time. pFET performance improvement of 40% was demonstrated with eSPT. pFET performance with Ion of 520uA/um at Ioff of 1nA/um was achieved with the low cost processes. With optimized eSPT, 15% improvement in ring delay has been demonstrated.
A Cross-Cultural Comparison of American, Palestinian, and SwedishPerception of Charismatic Speech (2008)

Perception of charisma, the ability to inﬂuence others by virtue of one’s personal qualities, appears to be inﬂuenced to some extent by cultural factors. We compare results of ﬁve studies of charisma speech in which American, Palestinian, and Swedish subjects rated Standard American English political speech and Americans and Palestinians rated Palestinian Arabic speech. We identify acoustic-prosodic and lexical features correlated with charisma ratings of both languages for native and non-native speakers and ﬁnd that 1) some acoustic-prosodic features correlated with charisma ratings appear similar across all ﬁve experiments; 2) other acoustic-prosodic and lexical features correlated with charisma appear speciﬁc to the language rated, whatever the native language of the rater; and 3) still other acoustic-prosodic cues appear speciﬁc to both rater native language and to language rated. We also ﬁnd that, while the absolute ratings non-native raters assign tend to be lower than those of native speakers, the ratings themselves are strongly correlated.
Predicting disease progression in cystic fibrosis (2018)

Progressive lung disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Methods of correctly predicting the future progression of lung disease in patients with CF are essential for directing aggressive treatment to prevent loss of lung function and end stage respiratory failure. Areas covered: This review addresses predictors of respiratory disease progression in patients with CF. We searched Web of Science and Medline, with no restriction on publication date, with the search terms 'cystic fibrosis' and 'disease progression', 'lung function decline', 'prognosis', 'prediction/predictive', 'prediction/prognostic scores', 'risk factors', 'outcome measures/endpoints/disease surrogate', 'longitudinal/long term', 'statistical model', and 'survival'. Expert commentary: Forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV<sub>1</sub>) and rate of FEV<sub>1</sub> decline, remain the most significant predictors of mortality in patients with CF while CT scores and airway secretion biomarkers are the main predictors of early CF lung disease. Comprehensive scores incorporating clinical, lung function, imaging and laboratory data will become essential in the future for predicting disease progression and for use in clinical trials. Early interventions may delay the progression of structural lung disease.