gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dual Coding Concatenation for Burst-Error Correction in Probabilistic Amplitude Shaping (2021)

We investigate a dual coding concatenation in probabilistic amplitude shaping to mitigate post-shaping burst errors. The joint use of pre-/post-shaping BCH codes can significantly relax bit error rate (BER) threshold after soft-decision code resulting in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain of 0.1 dB.
Standardised immunophenotypic analysis of myeloperoxidase in acute leukaemia (2020)

Given its myeloid-restricted expression, myeloperoxidase (MPO) is typically used for lineage assignment (myeloid vs. lymphoid) during acute leukaemia (AL) diagnostics. In the present study, a robust flow cytometric definition for MPO positivity was established based on the standardised EuroFlow protocols, the standardised Acute Leukaemia Orientation Tube and 1734 multicentre AL cases (with confirmed assay stability). The best diagnostic performance was achieved by defining MPO positivity as ≥20% of the AL cells exceeding a lymphocyte-based threshold. The methodology employed should be applicable to any form of standardised flow cytometry.
Solution Structures of Anionic–Amphoteric Surfactant Mixtures near the Two-Phase Region at Fixed pH (2022)

We examine the solution structures in a mixed surfactant system of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethyldodecylamine <i>N</i>-oxide (DDAO) in water, on both sides of the two-phase boundary, employing dynamic light scattering, small-angle neutron scattering, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The precipitate phase boundary was accessed by lowering pH to 8, from its floating pH 9.5 value, and was experimentally approached from the monomeric and micellar regions in three ways: at fixed DDAO or SDS concentrations and at a fixed (70:30) SDS:DDAO molar ratio. We characterize the size, shape, and interactions of micelles, which elongate approaching the boundary, leading to the formation of disk-like aggregates within the biphasic region, coexisting with micelles and monomers. Our data, from both monomeric and micellar solutions, indicate that the two phase structures formed are largely pathway-independent, with dimensions influenced by both pH and mixed surfactant composition. Precipitation occurs at intermediate stoichiometries with a similar SDS:DDAO ratio, whereas asymmetric stoichiometries form a re-entrant transition, returning to the mixed micelle phase. Overall, our findings demonstrate the effect of stoichiometry and solution pH on the synergistic interaction of mixed surfactants and their impact on phase equilibrium and associated micellar and two-phase structures.
Enhanced PMD mitigation using forward-error-correction coding and a first-order compensator (2001)

We demonstrate that forward-error-correction combined with a first-order compensator can greatly improve system performance over a wide range of PMD. Both the experimental and theoretical results show that the system PMD tolerance limit can be increased to more than 40 ps in 10 Gb/s systems.
Poly(ethylene terephthalate)/poly(ethylene glycol‐co‐1,3/1,4‐cyclohexanedimethanol terephthalate)/clay nanocomposites: Mechanical properties, optical transparency, and barrier properties (2013)

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/clay, PET/poly(ethylene glycol‐co‐1,3/1,4‐cyclohexanedimethanol terephthalate) (PETG), and PET/PETG/clay nanocomposites were fabricated using the twin‐screw extrusion technique. The spherulitic morphologies, thermomechanical, mechanical, and gas‐barrier properties, as well as the effect of clay on the transparency of the resulting nanocomposites were identified. The clay induced the heterogeneous nucleation of the nanocomposites during the cold crystallization process, thereby increasing the crystallinities and melting temperatures of the resulting nanocomposites. The incorporation of clay increased the storage moduli, Young's moduli, impact strengths, and barrier properties of the PET, PETG, and PET/PETG blend. Regarding the optical transparency, the inclusion of clay can make the crystallizable PET matrix crystalline opaque. However, the amorphous PETG maintained its transparency. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131 , 39869.
Correlation Between Behavioral and Physiological Responses to Transgenic Potatoes Containing Bacillus thuringiensis δ-Endotoxin in Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) (1995)

Journal Article Correlation Between Behavioral and Physiological Responses to Transgenic Potatoes Containing Bacillus thuringiensis δ-Endotoxin in Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Get access Casey W. Hoy, Casey W. Hoy Department of Entomology, Ohio Aglicultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Graham Head Graham Head Department of Entomology, Ohio Aglicultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 88, Issue 3, 1 June 1995, Pages 480–486, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/88.3.480 Published: 01 June 1995 Article history Received: 17 March 1994 Accepted: 13 December 1994 Published: 01 June 1995
Hypercholesterolemia-Induced Erectile Dysfunction: Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) Uncoupling in the Mouse Penis by NAD(P)H Oxidase (2010)

Activated NAD(P)H oxidase in the penis is an initial source of oxidative stress resulting in eNOS uncoupling, thus providing a mechanism of eNOS uncoupling and endothelial dysfunction in hypercholesterolemia-induced ED.
Air-cooling extension - performance limits for processor cooling applications (2003)

The last two decades have seen a steady increase in microprocessor performance as silicon technology continues to scale in accordance with Moore's law. This increasing performance of the microprocessors is also associated with an increase in thermal design power and an increase in both average power density and local power density, commonly referred to as "hot spots". The thermal solutions must ensure that the junction temperature of the processor (die temperature) does not exceed temperatures in the 90-110/spl deg/C range, typically at the hot spots, to ensure device performance and reliability. The majority of OEMs (original equipment manufacturers) within the microelectronics industry would like to achieve this by extending the application of air-cooling technologies. The objectives of this paper are: 1) to present the air-cooling extension for a range of "reasonable" boundary conditions; and 2) to introduce some novel technologies, which may substantially extend the air-cooling applications.
Effects of gradient encoding and number of signal averages on fractional anisotropy and fiber density index in vivo at 1.5 tesla (2008)

We have not found any significant difference in FA with varying NGD and NSA in vivo in areas with relatively high anisotropy. However, lower NGD resulted in reduced FDI in vivo. With larger NGD, NSA has less influence on FDI. The optimal sequence among the nine sequences tested with the shortest scan time was 25 NGD/1 NSA.
Le système urbain européen (2019)

Spire est le dépôt institutionnel de la production scientifique de Sciences Po et contient le texte intégral des articles, ouvrages, chapitres d’ouvrages, working papers et communications dans des conférences de la communauté académique de Sciences Po.
Cilk (1995)

Cilk (pronounced “silk”) is a C-based runtime system for multi-threaded parallel programming. In this paper, we document the efficiency of the Cilk work-stealing scheduler, both empirically and analytically. We show that on real and synthetic applications, the “work” and “critical path” of a Cilk computation can be used to accurately model performance. Consequently, a Cilk programmer can focus on reducing the work and critical path of his computation, insulated from load balancing and other runtime scheduling issues. We also prove that for the class of “fully strict” (well-structured) programs, the Cilk scheduler achieves space, time and communication bounds all within a constant factor of optimal.
Spatial-interval discrimination in the human fovea: what delimits the interval? (1987)

In this paper we describe four experiments concerned with spatial-interval discrimination. The first experiment demonstrates that perturbations in the internal light distribution of two bright bars alter the perceived separation of the bars without influencing the precision of spatial-interval discrimination. Specifically, alterations in the centroid of the luminance distribution of the bars were found to influence their perceived separation systematically. In the second experiment we investigated separation discrimination for a pair of bright lines, a pair of dark lines, and a pair of lines with opposite polarity (a bright-dark pair). For large interline separations, the thresholds for separation discrimination of the three stimuli were equivalent. However, for small separations (less than 4 arcmin) the thresholds for the opposite-polarity pair were significantly higher than those for either bright or dark lines. The third experiment showed that separation discrimination is also impaired when the direction-of-brightness change of adjacent edges is the same. In the fourth experiment, random luminance perturbations were introduced in the interval between two bright bars separated by 1.5 to 8 arcmin by the addition of a dim line within the interval. The effect of these perturbations was also to alter the perceived separation of the bars with no effect on the precision of spatial-interval discrimination. Increasing the intensity of the perturbating line (to equal that of the outer lines) elevated thresholds for small separations (less than 4 arcmin) to approximately 6 arcsec but had no effect on the threshold for larger separations. Taken together, these results suggest that large and small separations are processed differently and place strong constraints on models for spatial-interval discrimination.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Class of CC‐1065 and Duocarmycin Analogues Subject to Mitomycin‐Related Reductive Activation (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Fully Resolved Computational Fluid Dynamics Study of the Boundary Layer Flow of an Aqueous Nanoliquid Comprising Gyrotactic Microorganisms over a Stretching Sheet: The Validity of Conventional Similarity Models (2021)

When materials are processed in the form of sheets that are stretched, cooling is often required. Coolants have been developed to maximize the rate of heat transfer away from the sheet, including by adding nanoparticles and microorganisms to control the physical properties of the fluid. Such coolants perform well, but the interaction between them and the sheet is not yet fully understood. Most of the articles found in the literature have used similarity models to solve the set of governing equations. In this method, the governing equations can be mapped into a set of 1-D equations and solved easily. However, care should be taken when using this method as the validity of this method is ensured only in the fully developed region, far away enough from the extrusion slit. The present study, therefore, aims to explore the reliability of a similarity model by comparing it with a full computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. In this work, the boundary layer flow of a nanoliquid comprising gyrotactic microorganisms in both the developed and undeveloped regions of a stretching sheet is studied using computational fluid dynamics with the finite difference approach, implemented using FORTRAN. The results of the CFD method are compared against the similarity analysis results for the length of the developed and undeveloped regions. This study, for the first time, distinguishes between the undeveloped and fully developed regions and finds the region in which the similarity analysis is valid. The numerical results show that the critical Reynolds numbers for the boundary layers of the concentration of the nano-additives and of density of the microorganisms are equal. To achieve an agreement between the CFD and the similarity model within 5%, the Grashof number for the hydrodynamic boundary layer must be &lt;4 × 104. Increasing the bioconvection Rayleigh number leads to a decrease in the skin friction coefficient. The length of the region in which the microorganism’s density is not fully developed remains approximately constant for 103 &lt; Gr &lt; 105. Nonetheless, this length reduces significantly when the Grashof number increases from 105 to 106. The reduced Nusselt number, Nur, increases when the density difference of the microorganisms increases.
Double reentrant superconductor-insulator transition in thin TiN films (2004)

We studied the superconductor-insulator transition in very thin films of TiN (and NbN) at very low temperature $(T=35\mathrm{mK})$ as a function of sheet resistance and magnetic field. The critical temperature dependence versus sheet resistance follows the Finkel'stein theory for homogeneous films. A TiN sample very close to the critical point exhibits a double reentrant behavior below $T=150\mathrm{mK}$ as the magnetic field increases. At large magnetic field and very low temperature a negative magnetoresistance is observed.
Induced fluorescence of breast cancer in the mouse model: A simple technology to improve visualization of malignant tissue during breast cancer surgery (2006)

10557 Background: Accurate identification of all malignant tissue at the time of lumpectomy or mastectomy can at times be challenging. When positive margins are discovered, significant additional time and effort may be required by the surgeon to complete the initial procedure. Inducing the cancer cells to be fluorescent offers the potential to improve the surgeon’s ability to rapidly and accurately identify and excise the malignant tissue at the time of surgery. We have previously demonstrated the feasibility of inducing tumor fluorescence with fluorophore-tagged anti-tumor antigen antibodies using a human colon cancer cell line. We present here our recent results using a human breast cancer cell line in the nude mouse. Methods: A human breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-468 known to express CA 15–3 was used. Breast cancer cells were subcutaneously implanted in 14 nude mice. Three to five weeks after injection, tumor nodules were easily visible and palpable. Using the tail vein method, mice were injected with fluorophore-tagged anti-CA 15–3 and were examined using a small animal imaging system with a 470 nm light source. Mice were also examined using a simple blue LED flashlight fitted with a fixed 470 nm band-pass filter and were observed through filtered goggles. Results: Tumor nodules could be seen to fluoresce through the skin when illuminated with a 470 nm light source. When tumor nodules were exposed and examined with white light, the nodules could be seen but when illuminated with the 470 nm light source, tumor fluorescence allowed clear identification of nearby small tumor nodules and clear identification of tumor margins easily distinguishable from the normal tissue. Conclusions: For this technology to work, tumor antigens must be known and antibodies to these antigens available. It is easy to perform, requires no complex equipment or operator expertise and could be easily adapted to surgical oncology in any hospital setting. It has the potential to improve surgical accuracy in women undergoing initial lumpectomy or mastectomy as well as axillary lymph node dissection or sentinel node biopsy. In addition it could aid in the surgery of patients undergoing resection of isolated recurrent hepatic or pulmonary metastases. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Practical solutions for counting scalars and dependences in ATOMIUM-a memory management system for multidimensional signal processing (1997)

Image and video processing applications involve large multidimensional signals which have to be stored in memory modules. In application-specific architectures for real-time multidimensional signal processing, a significant cost in terms of chip area and power consumption is due to these background memory units. The multidimensional signals are usually modeled in behavioral descriptions with array variables. In the algorithmic specifications of our target applications, many of the array references cover large amounts of scalars. Therefore, the efficient handling of array references in the specifications for image and video processing is crucial for obtaining low cost memory allocation solutions. This paper addresses a central problem which arises when handling the array variables in behavioral specifications: the computation of the number of scalars covered by an array reference. This problem is closely related to the computation of dependences in data-flow analysis. The novel algorithms proposed in this paper are embedded in the ATOMIUM environment-a memory management system for multidimensional signal processing.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd(PhCN)2Cl2/P(t‐Bu)3: A Versatile Catalyst for Sonogashira Reactions of Aryl Bromides at Room Temperature. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Ar—SCF3 Compounds under Mild Conditions. (2011)

Abstract The Pd‐catalyzed reaction of aryl/heteroaryl bromides with nucleophile (II) affords the corresponding aryl/heteroaryl trifluoromethyl sulfides, an important class of compounds in both the pharmaceutical and agrochemical areas.
Phages Mediate Bacterial Self-Recognition (2019)

Cells are social, and self-recognition is a conserved aspect of group behavior where cells assist kin and antagonize non-kin. However, the role of phage in self-recognition is unexplored. Here we find that a demarcation line is formed between different swimming Escherichia coli strains but not between identical clones; hence, motile cells discriminate between self and non-self. The basis for this self-recognition is a 49 kb, T1-type, lytic phage of the family Siphoviridae (named here SW1) that controls formation of the demarcation line by utilizing one of the host's cryptic prophage proteins, YfdM of CPS-53, to propagate. Critically, SW1 provides a conditional benefit to E. coli K-12 compared with the identical strain that lacks the phage. A demarcation line is also formed when strains harbor either the lysogenic phage ϕ80 or lambda and encounter siblings that lack the lysogen. In summary, bacteria can use phage to distinguish siblings that lack phage.
Electroactive polymer actuators as artificial muscles: are they ready for bioinspired applications? (2011)

Electroactive polymer (EAP) actuators are electrically responsive materials that have several characteristics in common with natural muscles. Thus, they are being studied as 'artificial muscles' for a variety of biomimetic motion applications. EAP materials are commonly classified into two major families: ionic EAPs, activated by an electrically induced transport of ions and/or solvent, and electronic EAPs, activated by electrostatic forces. Although several EAP materials and their properties have been known for many decades, they have found very limited applications. Such a trend has changed recently as a result of an effective synergy of at least three main factors: key scientific breakthroughs being achieved in some of the existing EAP technologies; unprecedented electromechanical properties being discovered in materials previously developed for different purposes; and higher concentration of efforts for industrial exploitation. As an outcome, after several years of basic research, today the EAP field is just starting to undergo transition from academia into commercialization, with significant investments from large companies. This paper presents a brief overview on the full range of EAP actuator types and the most significant areas of interest for applications. It is hoped that this overview can instruct the reader on how EAPs can enable bioinspired motion systems.
Immune correlates of the Thai RV144 HIV vaccine regimen in South Africa (2019)

One of the most successful HIV vaccines to date, the RV144 vaccine tested in Thailand, demonstrated correlates of protection including cross-clade V1V2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) breadth, Env-specific CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell polyfunctionality, and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in vaccinees with low IgA binding. The HIV Vaccine Trials Network (HVTN) 097 trial evaluated this vaccine regimen in South Africa, where clade C HIV-1 predominates. We compared cellular and humoral responses at peak and durability immunogenicity time points in HVTN 097 and RV144 vaccinee samples, and evaluated vaccine-matched and cross-clade immune responses. At peak immunogenicity, HVTN 097 vaccinees exhibited significantly higher cellular and humoral immune responses than RV144 vaccinees. CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell responses were more frequent in HVTN 097 irrespective of age and sex, and CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell Env-specific functionality scores were higher in HVTN 097. Env-specific CD40L<sup>+</sup> CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells were more common in HVTN 097, with individuals having this pattern of expression demonstrating higher median antibody responses to HIV-1 Env. IgG and IgG3 binding antibody rates and response magnitude to gp120 vaccine- and V1V2 vaccine-matched antigens were higher or comparable in HVTN 097 than in RV144 ADCC, and ADCP functional antibody responses were elicited in HVTN 097. Env-specific IgG and CD4<sup>+</sup> Env responses declined significantly over time in both trials. Overall, cross-clade immune responses associated with protection were better than expected in South Africa, suggesting wider applicability of this regimen.
Efficient motion planning for a planar manipulator based on dexterity and workspace geometry† (1986)

Abstract Computationally efficient analyses are presented which provide rapid decisions making capabilities for determining whether various types of planned motions may be successfully executed. Algorithms are based upon a geometrical quantification of the manipulator dexterity and workspace, and as far as the authors are aware these algorithms are new. They enable the determination of possible motions during the task planning stage without requiring the computation of individual joint angles which produce the desired end-effector trajectory. This paper investigates essentially rectilinear motion using by way of example, a planar 3R manipulator which provides a proper analytical foundation for extension to various types of spatial manipulators. Notes †Presented at 1985 Conference on Mechanisms and Machinery, Cranfield Institute of Technology, U.K., 17 and 18 September 1985.
ChemInform Abstract: NGB 2904 and NGB 2849: Two Highly Selective Dopamine D3 Receptor Antagonists. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.