gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation of NDT for Self-pierce Riveting (2007)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;An evaluation of Non-Destructive-Testing (NDT) technique based on ultrasonic inspection for self-piercing riveted (SPR) joints was conducted. A riveted joint is inspected by an ultrasonic continuous wave through a differential piezoelectric transducer operated at a predetermined frequency. The joint quality is evaluated by monitoring variations in the electrical impedance of the transducer represented by both the phase and the amplitude displayed in the complex impedance plane. A range of SPR joints were tested using the NDT technique and the NDT results were compared with laboratory sectioning of samples. It was observed that for some of the aluminium joints with two or three layers, the NDT technique could arguably detect sound and bad joints. The work has also shown that for joints involving very thin aluminium sheets and steel panels, the sensitivity of the technique needs to be improved.&lt;/div&gt;
Demonstration of Power Improvements on a Diesel Engine Operating on Multiple Fuels (2010)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Continually increasing the maximum specific power output of engines used in military vehicles is vital to maintaining a battlefield advantage. An enabling technology for power optimization on existing engine architectures is advanced engine control based on real-time feedback control of the combustion. An engine equipped with intelligent controls and multi-fuel capable components has been used to demonstrate power improvements based on feedback control of the fueling by means of in-cylinder pressure measurements. In addition to optimized power output for the engine, the technology suite provides the capability to utilize both standard diesel fuel and alternatives such as jet fuel, biodiesel, or any mixture. A cylinder-balancing algorithm adjusts the fueling to achieve even power distribution between cylinders for improved performance and durability, or to operate all cylinders at the cylinder pressure limit when maximum power is required. Tests performed at lug-line conditions show that closed-loop control reduced the cylinder-to-cylinder Indicated Mean Effective Pressure (IMEP) variation from ±8% to ≺ ±2%. A multi-fuel algorithm adjusts and balances the cylinders to achieve optimal power output even when the fuel chemistry differs from standard diesel fuel, such as when operating on JP-8. This study quantitatively demonstrates that the normalized engine torque can be held within 2% for closed-loop operation between DF-2, JET-A and B100 fuels. The results of this work show improved power density of a diesel engine, with a wide range of fuels, through the combination of flexible, high pressure fuel injection technology and advanced engine controls with cylinder pressure feedback.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Measurement of human myocardial perfusion by double-gated flow alternating inversion recovery EPI (1999)

This paper presents a flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery (FAIR) method for measuring human myocardial perfusion at 1.5 T. Slice-selective/non-selective IR images were collected using a double-gated IR echoplanar imaging sequence. Myocardial perfusion was calculated after T1 fitting and extrapolation of the mean signal difference SI(Sel - SI(NSel). The accuracy of the method was tested in a porcine model using graded intravenous adenosine dose challenge. Comparison with radiolabeled microsphere measurements showed a good correlation (r = 0.84; mean error = 20%, n = 6) over the range of flows tested (0.9-7 ml/g/min). Applied in humans, this method allowed for the measurement of resting myocardial flow (1.04+/-0.37 ml/g/min, n = 11). The noise in our human measurements (SE(flow) = 0.2 ml/g/min) appears to come primarily from residual respiratory motion. Although the current signal-to-noise ratio limits our ability to measure small fluctuations in resting flow accurately, the results indicate that this noninvasive method has great promise for the quantitative assessment of myocardial flow reserve in humans.
Alzheimer Disease and Related Neurodegenerative Diseases in Elderly Patients With Schizophrenia (1998)

This study provides evidence that elderly patients with schizophrenia are not inordinately prone to the development of AD or to increased senile plaques or neurofibrillary tangle formation in the brain. Other dementing neurodegenerative disorders are also uncommon. The cognitive impairment in elderly patients with schizophrenia must, therefore, be related to some alternative mechanisms.
Photopatterning of Indomethacin Thin Films: a Solvent-Free Vapor-Deposited Photoresist (2015)

We report indomethacin as a photoresist that can be dry-deposited (as well as spin-coated), and developed in weak aqueous base. This is the first reported patterning of indomethacin as a resist material. Nanometer-scale patterns were achieved through DUV photolithography and the underlying patterning mechanism was investigated.
Cytomegalovirus in solid organ transplant recipients—Guidelines of the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice (2019)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the most common opportunistic infections that affect the outcome of solid organ transplantation. This updated guideline from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice provides evidence-based and expert recommendations for screening, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of CMV in solid organ transplant recipients. CMV serology to detect immunoglobulin G remains as the standard method for pretransplant screening of donors and transplant candidates. Antiviral prophylaxis and preemptive therapy are the mainstays of CMV prevention. The lack of a widely applicable viral load threshold for diagnosis and preemptive therapy is highlighted, as a result of variability of CMV nucleic acid testing, even in the contemporary era when calibrators are standardized. Valganciclovir and intravenous ganciclovir remain as drugs of choice for CMV management. Strategies for managing drug-resistant CMV infection are presented. There is an increasing use of CMV-specific cell-mediated immune assays to stratify the risk of CMV infection after solid organ transplantation, but their role in optimizing CMV prevention and treatment efforts has yet to be demonstrated. Specific issues related to pediatric transplant recipients are discussed.
Abstract 4718: ABBV-075, a novel BET family bromodomain inhibitor, represents a promising therapeutic agent for a broad spectrum of cancer indications (2016)

Abstract Small molecule inhibitors of the bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) proteins have emerged as a promising option for cancer therapy. ABBV-075 is a potent and selective BET family bromodomain inhibitor that recently entered Phase 1 clinical trials. It binds bromodomains of BRD2/4/T with similar affinities (Ki of 1-2.2 nM), but exhibits roughly 10-fold weaker potency towards BRD3 (Ki of 12.2 nM). ABBV-075 is highly selective for 18 bromodomain proteins tested (Kd &amp;gt; 1 μM; more than 600-fold selectivity vs. BRD4) and has moderate activity towards CREBBP (Kd = 87 μM; 54-fold selectivity vs. BRD4). ABBV-075 exhibited robust single agent activity in cell viability assays across cancer cell lines derived from solid tumors, leukemia and lymphomas. Further characterization of cancer cell responses to ABBV-075 indicated that ABBV-075 manifested diverse mechanisms of action in different cancer settings. These include 1): disruption of cell cycle control leading to G1 arrest followed by senescence, 2) inhibition of oncogenesis drivers leading to apoptosis and 3) potentially targeting tumor microenvironment to provide additional therapeutic benefit. Consistent with its broad spectrum of activities in vitro, ABBV-075 has comparable or superior efficacies to standard of care agents in flank xenograft mouse models of non-small-cell and small cell lung cancers, pancreatic, breast, prostate, head &amp; neck cancers, multiple myeloma, diffuse large B cell lymphoma and leukemia. These results support the development of ABBV-075 in diverse hematological malignancies and solid tumor indications. Citation Format: Aparna Sarthy, Leiming Li, Daniel H. Albert, Xiaoyu Lin, Warder Scott, Emily Faivre, Mai H. Bui, Xiaoli Huang, Denise M. Wilcox, Terry Magoc, Fritz G. Buchanan, Paul Tapang, George S. Sheppard, Le Wang, Steve D. Fidanze, John Pratt, Dachun Liu, Lisa Hasvold, Paul Hessler, Tamar Uziel, Lloyd Lam, Ganesh Rajaraman, Guowei Fang, Steven W. Elmore, Saul H. Rosenberg, Keith McDaniel, Warren Kati, Yu Shen. ABBV-075, a novel BET family bromodomain inhibitor, represents a promising therapeutic agent for a broad spectrum of cancer indications. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 4718.
The Design and Development of a Game to Study Backdoor Poisoning Attacks: The Backdoor Game (2021)

AI Security researchers have identified a new way crowdsourced data can be intentionally compromised. Backdoor attacks are a process through which an adversary creates a vulnerability in a machine learning model by ?poisoning?’ the training set by selectively mislabelling images containing a backdoor object. The model continues to perform well on standard testing data but misclassifies on the inputs that contain the backdoor chosen by the adversary. In this paper, we present the design and development of the Backdoor Game, the first game in which users can interact with different poisoned classifiers and upload their own images containing backdoor objects in an engaging way. We conduct semi-structured interviews with eight different participants who interacted with a first version of the Backdoor Game and deploy the game to Mechanical Turk users (N=68) to demonstrate how users interacted with the backdoor objects. We present results including novel types of interactions that emerged as a result of game play and design recommendations for the improvement of the system. The combined design, development and deployment of our system can help AI Security researchers to study this emerging concept, from determining the effectiveness of different backdoor objects to help compiling a collection of diverse and unique backdoor objects from the public, increasing the safety of future AI systems.
Sensing and Sensibility: Programming Smarter Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells (2019)

CAR T cells have shown remarkable outcomes when targeting specific hematologic cancers. But targeting solid cancers has proven difficult: it is difficult to identify unique antigens, to traffic to tumors, and to mount a strong response in the solid tumor microenvironment. To overcome these issues, we are using the approaches of synthetic biology to engineer next-generation T cells. We are engineering cells that utilize new sets of sensors and modular control circuits that enable them to execute new recognition and response programs with higher precision and robustness. These new capabilities may allow us to develop therapeutic T cells that are far more effective and safe against solid tumors. Disclosures Lim: Cell Design Labs: Other: founder of Cell Design Labs; acquired by Gilead in 2017; Allogene: Consultancy.
A Heterogeneous Parallel Framework for Domain-Specific Languages (2011)

Computing systems are becoming increasingly parallel and heterogeneous, and therefore new applications must be capable of exploiting parallelism in order to continue achieving high performance. However, targeting these emerging devices often requires using multiple disparate programming models and making decisions that can limit forward scalability. In previous work we proposed the use of domain-specific languages (DSLs) to provide high-level abstractions that enable transformations to high performance parallel code without degrading programmer productivity. In this paper we present a new end-to-end system for building, compiling, and executing DSL applications on parallel heterogeneous hardware, the Delite Compiler Framework and Runtime. The framework lifts embedded DSL applications to an intermediate representation (IR), performs generic, parallel, and domain-specific optimizations, and generates an execution graph that targets multiple heterogeneous hardware devices. Finally we present results comparing the performance of several machine learning applications written in OptiML, a DSL for machine learning that utilizes Delite, to C++ and MATLAB implementations. We find that the implicitly parallel OptiML applications achieve single-threaded performance comparable to C++ and outperform explicitly parallel MATLAB in nearly all cases.
Clinical and genetic aspects of familial isolated pituitary adenomas (2012)

Pituitary adenomas represent a group of functionally diverse neoplasms with relatively high prevalence in the general population. Most occur sporadically, but inherited genetic predisposing factors are increasingly recognized. Familial isolated pituitary adenoma is a recently defined clinical entity, and is characterized by hereditary presentation of pituitary adenomas in the absence of clinical and genetic features of syndromic disease such as multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and Carney complex. Familial isolated pituitary adenoma is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner and accounted for approximately 2-3% of pituitary tumors in some series. Germline mutations in the aryl-hydrocarbon interacting protein gene are identified in around 25% of familial isolated pituitary adenoma kindreds. Pituitary adenomas with mutations of the aryl-hydrocarbon interacting protein gene are predominantly somatotropinomas and prolactinomas, but non-functioning adenomas, Cushing disease, and thyrotropinoma may also occur. These tumors may present as macroadenomas in young patients and are often relatively difficult to control. Furthermore, recent evidence indicates that aryl-hydrocarbon interacting protein gene mutations occur in >10% of patients with sporadic macroadenomas that occur before 30 years of age, and in >20% of children with macroadenomas. Genetic screening for aryl-hydrocarbon interacting protein gene mutations is warranted in selected high-risk patients who may benefit from early recognition and follow-up.
Radiotherapy dose-distribution to the perirectal fat space (PRS) is related to gastrointestinal control-related complications (2017)

Traditionally rectal symptoms following pelvic/prostate radiotherapy are correlated to the dosimetry of the anorectum or a substructure of this. It has been suggested that the perirectal fat space (PRS) surrounding the rectum may also be relevant. This study considers the delineation and dosimetry of the PRS related to both rectal bleeding and control-related toxicity. Initially, a case–control cohort of 100 patients from the RADAR study were chosen based on presence/absence of rectal control-related toxicity. Automated contouring was developed to delineate the PRS. 79 of the 100 auto-segmentations were considered successful. Balanced case–control cohorts were defined from these cases. Atlas of Complication Incidence (ACI) were generated to relate the DVH of the PRS with specific rectal symptoms; rectal bleeding and control-related symptoms (LENT/SOM). ACI demonstrated that control-related symptoms were related to the dose distribution to the PRS which was confirmed with Wilcoxon rank sum test (p < 0.05). To the authors knowledge this is the first study implicating the dose distribution to the PRS to the incidence of control-related symptoms of rectal toxicity.
Real option data requirements of power system data for competitive bidding (2004)

The interaction of markets and the power system network is stronger based on real options analysis than on traditional single event net present value analysis. The optionality of network restrictions due to congestion increases the importance of network information beyond the values found with traditional net present value for bidding. This paper demonstrates the importance of option analysis in the bidding process. The value of high volatility, due to network congestion and to network operating restrictions, leads to larger valuations. As always, larger uncertainty leads to larger values when opportunities can be recognized in advance. This paper shows how such information can be used in the bidding process.
An enhanced snoopy cache design for real-time multi-processing (1992)

This paper will present a mechanism for providing cache coherence without sacrificing predictability. In addition, this multi-processing cache coherent design approach can signGcantly enhance processor performance by eliminating many of the processor stall operations associated with snooping operations.
Neto2 is a KCC2 interacting protein required for neuronal Cl − regulation in hippocampal neurons (2013)

KCC2 is a neuron-specific K(+)-Cl(-) cotransporter that is essential for Cl(-) homeostasis and fast inhibitory synaptic transmission in the mature CNS. Despite the critical role of KCC2 in neurons, the mechanisms regulating its function are not understood. Here, we show that KCC2 is critically regulated by the single-pass transmembrane protein neuropilin and tolloid like-2 (Neto2). Neto2 is required to maintain the normal abundance of KCC2 and specifically associates with the active oligomeric form of the transporter. Loss of the Neto2:KCC2 interaction reduced KCC2-mediated Cl(-) extrusion, resulting in decreased synaptic inhibition in hippocampal neurons.
Front Matter: Volume 6867 (2008)

This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 6867, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, and the Conference Committee listing.© (2008) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
A perceptually-supported sketch editor (1994)

The human visual system makes a great deal more of images than the elemental marks on a surface. In the course of viewing, creating, or editing a picture, we actively construct a host of visual structures and relationships as components of sensible interpretations. This paper shows how some of these computational processes can be incorporated into perceptually-supported image editing tools, enabling machines to better engage users at the level of their own percepts. We focus on the domain of freehand sketch editors, such as an electronic whiteboard application for a pen-based computer. By using computer vision techniques to perform covert recognition of visual structure as it emerges during the course of a drawing/editing session, a perceptually supported image editor gives users access to visual objects as they are perceived by the human visual system. We present a flexible image interpretation architecture based on token grouping in a multiscale blackboard data structure. This organization supports multiple perceptual interpretations of line drawing data, domain-specific knowledge bases for interpretable visual structures, and gesture-based selection of visual objects. A system implementing these ideas, called PerSketch, begins to explore a new space of WYPIWYG (What You Perceive Is What You Get) image editing tools.
Bilingual query translation and expansion for supporting more effective cross-language image retrieval (2010)

To support more effective Cross-Language Image Retrieval (ImageCLIR), a novel algorithm is developed by integrating a bilingual semantic network to achieve more precise bilingual query translation and expansion. An English-Chinese bilingual parallel corpus is used to construct the bilingual semantic network for determining more meaningful text terms and characterizing the inter-term correlations and similarity contexts between multiple inter-related text terms more precisely. Our experiments on CWMT2009 and CLEF have provided very promising results.
Structural convergence properties of amorphous InGaZnO4from simulated liquid-quench methods (2017)

The study of structural properties of amorphous structures is complicated by the lack of long-range order and necessitates the use of both cutting-edge computer modeling and experimental techniques. With regards to the computer modeling, many questions on convergence arise when trying to assess the accuracy of a simulated system. What cell size maximizes the accuracy while remaining computationally efficient? More importantly, does averaging multiple smaller cells adequately describe features found in bulk amorphous materials? How small is too small? The aims of this work are: (1) to report a newly developed set of pair potentials for InGaZnO<sub>4</sub> and (2) to explore the effects of structural parameters such as simulation cell size and numbers on the structural convergence of amorphous InGaZnO<sub>4</sub>. The total number of formula units considered over all runs is found to be the critical factor in convergence as long as the cell considered contains a minimum of circa fifteen formula units. There is qualitative agreement between these simulations and X-ray total scattering data - peak trends and locations are consistently reproduced while intensities are weaker. These new IGZO pair potentials are a valuable starting point for future structural refinement efforts.
Seeing electrode movement in the cochlea Micro-focus fluoroscopy — A great tool for electrode development (2009)

The aim of this study was to utilise micro-focus X-ray fluoroscopy for viewing electrode movement in the cochlea. Various prototypes of newly designed cochlear implant electrodes were evaluated during insertion studies on human cadaver temporal bones. The magnified fluoroscopic images were observed in real-time and recorded for retrospective studies. In 30 insertions of hearing preservation (Hybrid-L) arrays, fluoroscopy provided crucial information on the tip design, length of array and stiffening stylet. In 44 insertions of Contour Advance enhanced (CAe) arrays, the length, curvature, depth of insertion and degree of stiffness were assessed. CAe arrays were successfully inserted to the designated depth and positioned close to the modiolus. High quality microfocus fluoroscopic images of electrode movement in the cochlea greatly assisted in the validation of newly designed intra-cochlear electrode arrays. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Insights into the Role of Histone H3 and Histone H4 Core Modifiable Residues in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2005)

The biological significance of recently described modifiable residues in the globular core of the bovine nucleosome remains elusive. We have mapped these modification sites onto the Saccharomyces cerevisiae histones and used a genetic approach to probe their potential roles both in heterochromatic regions of the genome and in the DNA repair response. By mutating these residues to mimic their modified and unmodified states, we have generated a total of 39 alleles affecting 14 residues in histones H3 and H4. Remarkably, despite the apparent evolutionary pressure to conserve these near-invariant histone amino acid sequences, the vast majority of mutant alleles are viable. However, a subset of these variant proteins elicit an effect on transcriptional silencing both at the ribosomal DNA locus and at telomeres, suggesting that posttranslational modification(s) at these sites regulates formation and/or maintenance of heterochromatin. Furthermore, we provide direct mass spectrometry evidence for the existence of histone H3 K56 acetylation in yeast. We also show that substitutions at histone H4 K91, K59, S47, and R92 and histone H3 K56 and K115 lead to hypersensitivity to DNA-damaging agents, linking the significance of the chemical identity of these modifiable residues to DNA metabolism. Finally, we allude to the possible molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of these modifications.