gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lipid peroxidation causes endosomal antigen release for cross-presentation (2016)

Dendritic cells (DCs) present foreign antigen in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules to cytotoxic T cells in a process called cross-presentation. An important step in this process is the release of antigen from the lumen of endosomes into the cytosol, but the mechanism of this step is still unclear. In this study, we show that reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by the NADPH-oxidase complex NOX2 cause lipid peroxidation, a membrane disrupting chain-reaction, which in turn results in antigen leakage from endosomes. Antigen leakage and cross-presentation were inhibited by blocking ROS production or scavenging radicals and induced when using a ROS-generating photosensitizer. Endosomal antigen release was impaired in DCs from chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) patients with dysfunctional NOX2. Thus, NOX2 induces antigen release from endosomes for cross-presentation by direct oxidation of endosomal lipids. This constitutes a new cellular function for ROS in regulating immune responses against pathogens and cancer.
Studies on the metabolism of the novel antitumor agent [N-methyl-11C]N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]acridine-4-carboxamide in rats and humans prior to phase I clinical trials. (1997)

This study reports on the biodistribution and metabolism of the 11C-labeled novel antitumor agent N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]acridine-4-carboxamide (DACA) (also known as NSC 601316) in rats (plasma and tissues) and humans (plasma). Information on plasma metabolites was uniquely obtained in humans prior to Phase I clinical trial following i.v. injection of [11C]DACA at tracer dose. DACA was labeled in the N-methyl position using no-carrier-added [11C]iodomethane. Rapid high-performance liquid chromatography methods were developed for metabolite analysis of [11C]DACA. The metabolism of [11C]DACA was investigated in patients by plasma sampling. The biodistribution and metabolism of [11C]DACA was investigated in rats by plasma sampling, sacrifice experiments with tissue analyses, and imaging using positron emission tomography scanning. Analysis of human plasma demonstrated rapid and extensive metabolism of [11C]DACA. The levels of [11C]DACA changed from 77 +/- 8% (SD) at 5 min to 25 +/- 5% at 45 min postinjection. Seven radioactive metabolites were observed in human plasma, and one was identified as [11C]DACA-N-oxide. Rapid clearance of 11C radioactivity from rat blood, plasma, and major organs was observed. The half-life of 11C radioactivity clearance in rat blood between 15 and 90 min was calculated to be 3.2 h; the levels of [11C]DACA in rat plasma decreased from 69 +/- 3% (SD) at 2 min to 29 +/- 1.5% at 25 min. The number of radioactive metabolites in rat plasma was the same as in human plasma except that the proportions differed. Again, one metabolite was identified as the [11C]DACA-N-oxide. Analysis of rat tissues showed rapid and extensive metabolism in tissues, particularly liver and kidney; however, [11C]DACA (i.e., the parent compound) was the major radioactive component in the lung, heart, and brain over 40 min. Positron emission tomography scanning using [11C]DACA in the rat showed little retention of 11C radioactivity in major organs with rapid excretion via gut and kidney. The rat data were consistent with animal (mouse and rat) preclinical data obtained with preexisting techniques with longer-lived isotopes. Labeling of potential anticancer drugs with positron-emitting radionuclides and performing in vivo preclinical evaluation at tracer doses in animals and humans prior to Phase I clinical trials provides unique information that could speed up the assessment of the drug and could potentially assist drug development programs. In this example, there was no unexpected interspecies difference in metabolism of DACA that would have alerted us to make a change in the planned Phase I study.
Oxidations of 3-alkenyltetronic acids with dimethyldioxirane (DMD) and air: regioselectivity and formation of a spirotricyclic hemiketal endoperoxide lactone (2001)

The endocyclic CC bond of 3-allyltetronic acid 1 can be selectively oxidised with dimethyldioxirane to give 3-allyl-3-hydroxydihydrofuran-2,4-dione 2 while 3-exo-alkylidenedihydrofuran-2,4-diones 9 are rapidly autooxidised to furnish the spirotricyclic hemiketal endoperoxide lactones 10.
Disabled Homolog 2 Controls Prometastatic Activity of Tumor-Associated Macrophages (2020)

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) are regulators of extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and metastatic progression, the main cause of cancer-associated death. We found that disabled homolog 2 mitogen-responsive phosphoprotein (DAB2) is highly expressed in tumor-infiltrating TAMs and that its genetic ablation significantly impairs lung metastasis formation. DAB2-expressing TAMs, mainly localized along the tumor-invasive front, participate in integrin recycling, ECM remodeling, and directional migration in a tridimensional matrix. DAB2<sup>+</sup> macrophages escort the invasive dissemination of cancer cells by a mechanosensing pathway requiring the transcription factor YAP. In human lobular breast and gastric carcinomas, DAB2<sup>+</sup> TAMs correlated with a poor clinical outcome, identifying DAB2 as potential prognostic biomarker for stratification of patients with cancer. DAB2 is therefore central for the prometastatic activity of TAMs. SIGNIFICANCE: DAB2 expression in macrophages is essential for metastasis formation but not primary tumor growth. Mechanosensing cues, activating the complex YAP-TAZ, regulate DAB2 in macrophages, which in turn controls integrin recycling and ECM remodeling in 3-D tissue matrix. The presence of DAB2<sup>+</sup> TAMs in patients with cancer correlates with worse prognosis.<i>This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1611</i>.
Impaired elastin fiber assembly related to reduced 67-kD elastin-binding protein in fetal lamb ductus arteriosus and in cultured aortic smooth muscle cells treated with chondroitin sulfate. (1991)

In the fetal ductus arteriosus (DA) disruption in the assembly of elastin fibers is associated with intimal thickening and we previously reported that fetal lamb DA smooth muscle cells incubated with endothelial conditioned medium produce two-fold more chondroitin sulfate (CS) compared with aorta (Ao) cells (Boudreau, N., and M. Rabinovitch. 1991. Lab. Invest. 64:187-199). We hypothesized that CS or dermatan sulfate (DS), both N-acetylgalactosamine glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), may be similar to free galactosugars in causing release of the 67-kD elastin binding protein (EBP) from the smooth muscle cell surfaces and impaired elastin fiber assembly. Using immunohistochemistry, immunoelectron microscopy, and western immunoblot we demonstrated a reduction in the 67-kD EBP in fetal lamb DA smooth muscle in tissue and in cultured cells. Also, reduced EBP was observed in fetal lamb and neonatal rat Ao smooth muscle cells incubated with N-acetylgalactosamine GAGs, CS, and DS, but not with N-acetylglucosamine containing GAGs, heparan sulfate (HS), or hyaluronan. Reduction in EBP was related to shedding from cell surfaces into the conditioned medium. This was associated with impaired elastin fiber assembly in cultured cells, assessed both morphologically and by a relative increase in tropoelastin and decrease in desmosines. The EBP extracted from smooth muscle cell membranes binds to an elastin affinity gel and can be eluted from it with CS but not with HS. Moreover, the amount of EBP extractable from smooth muscle cell membranes correlated with the morphologic assessment. We propose that increased CS or DS, may impair assembly of newly synthesized elastin in the media of the ductus arteriosus associated with the development of intimal thickening.
Osteosarcoma and Other Neoplasms of Bone (1987)

Fourteen patients with malignant tumors of bone (ten osteogenic sarcomas, one Ewing's tumor, one giant-cell tumor, two non-Hodgkin's lymphomas), plus one patient with a synovial cell sarcoma, who had been treated by standard extremity-conserving chemotherapy regimens, were examined before treatment by means of localized phosphorus 31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Thirteen (86%) of 15 examinations were successful, and 100% of successful examinations showed metabolic abnormality in the tumor. Tumors contained excess adenosine triphosphate and inorganic phosphate, an unusual peak of phosphomonoester, consistent with excessive glycolysis in tumors. The intratumor pH was normal in the 12 bone tumors, but acidic in the single soft-tissue sarcoma (pH 6.8). Metabolic response was observed in all seven patients monitored during chemotherapy, with the earliest examinations being performed two days after first treatment. An increase in the inorganic phosphate level, loss of adenosine triphosphate, and loss of phosphomonoester indicated tumor response; loss of all abnormal metabolites (two of seven patients) indicated regression of the tumor. Tumor relapse was accompanied by reappearance of abnormalities in the magnetic resonance spectrum. Phosphorus 31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy offers a unique means of determining the early response of these malignant tumors to therapy as well as predicting their relapse.
Catalyseurs supportés pour la conversion des liquéfiats de charbon. (2011)

national
Compressive Sensing for Video Using a Passive Coding Element (2013)

We present a prototype system that utilizes mechanical translation of a passive coding element to compress high-speed temporal information into low-framerate video sequences. Reconstructions of 148 frames per experimental coded snapshot are reported.
Passive haptic learning of Braille typing (2014)

Passive Haptic Learning (PHL) is the acquisition of sensorimotor skills without active attention to learning. One method is to "teach" motor skills using vibration cues delivered by a wearable, tactile interface while the user is focusing on another, primary task. We have created a system for Passive Haptic Learning of typing skills. In a study containing 16 participants, users demonstrated significantly reduced error typing a phrase in Braille after receiving passive instruction versus control (32.85% average decline in error vs. 2.73% increase in error). PHL users were also able to recognize and read more Braille letters from the phrase (72.5% vs. 22.4%). In a second study, containing 8 participants thus far, we passively teach the full Braille alphabet over four sessions. Typing error reductions in participants receiving PHL were more rapid and consistent, with 75% of PHL vs. 0% of control users reaching zero typing error. By the end of the study, PHL participants were also able to recognize and read 93.3% of all Braille alphabet letters. These results suggest that Passive Haptic instruction facilitated by wearable computers may be a feasible method of teaching Braille typing and reading.
Enzymic and Chemical Reduction of the Iron Center of the Escherichia coli Ribonucleotide Reductase Protein R2 (1995)

The active form of protein R2, the small subunit of ribonucleotide reductase, contains a diferric center and a free radical localized at Tyr122. Hydroxyurea scavenges this radical but leaves the iron center intact. The resulting metR2 protein is inactive. The introduction of a radical into metR2 is dependent on the reduction of the iron center. In Escherichia coli, this is achieved by an enzyme system consisting of a NAD(P)H:flavin oxidoreductase and a poorly defined protein fraction, fraction b. Assuming that the iron center is deeply buried within the protein, electron transfer is suggested to occur over long distances. Site-directed mutagenesis allowed us to identify two invariant residues, Tyr356 at the C-terminal part of the protein and Tyr122 located 0.5 nm away from the closest iron atom, as mediators of this electron transfer. We also found that deazaflavins were excellent catalysts in the photoreduction of the iron center of metR2 and generation of the tyrosyl radical, providing the simplest and most efficient model for the physiological flavin reductase/fraction b activating system. The properties of the model reaction are described.
Multimodal targeted high relaxivity thermosensitive liposome for in vivo imaging (2015)

Liposomes are spherical, self-closed structures formed by lipid bilayers that can encapsulate drugs and/or imaging agents in their hydrophilic core or within their membrane moiety, making them suitable delivery vehicles. We have synthesized a new liposome containing gadolinium-DOTA lipid bilayer, as a targeting multimodal molecular imaging agent for magnetic resonance and optical imaging. We showed that this liposome has a much higher molar relaxivities r1 and r2 compared to a more conventional liposome containing gadolinium-DTPA-BSA lipid. By incorporating both gadolinium and rhodamine in the lipid bilayer as well as biotin on its surface, we used this agent for multimodal imaging and targeting of tumors through the strong biotin-streptavidin interaction. Since this new liposome is thermosensitive, it can be used for ultrasound-mediated drug delivery at specific sites, such as tumors, and can be guided by magnetic resonance imaging.
Towards a statistical characterization of the competitiveness of oblivious routing (2012)

Oblivious routing asks for a static routing that serves arbitrary user demands with minimal performance penalty. Performance is measured in terms of the competitive ratio, the proportion of the maximum congestion to the best possible congestion. In this paper, we take the first steps towards extending this worst-case characterization to a more revealing statistical one. We define new performance metrics and we present numerical evaluations showing that, in statistical terms, oblivious routing is not as competitive as the worst-case performance characterizations would suggest.
Mechanisms for the Reverse Skeletal Isomerization of n‐Butenes to Isobutene over Zeolite Catalysts (2016)

Abstract The use of 13 C‐enriched isobutene in the reverse skeletal isomerization of 1‐butene over zeolite catalysts allowed us to corroborate that the mechanisms for the reverse reaction were essentially the same as those for the forward reaction, regardless of the structure type of the catalyst employed.
High-Throughput, Comprehensive Single-Cell Proteomic Analysis of Xenopus laevis Embryos at the 50-Cell Stage Using a Microplate-Based MICROFASP System (2022)

We report both the design of a high-throughput MICROFASP (a miniaturized filter aided sample preparation) system and its use for the comprehensive proteomic analysis of single blastomeres isolated from 50-cell stage <i>Xenopus laevis</i> embryos (∼200 ng of yolk-free protein/blastomere). A single run of the MICROFASP system was used to process 146 of these blastomeres in parallel. Three samples failed to generate signals presumably due to membrane clogging. Two cells were lost due to operator error. Of the surviving samples, 32 were analyzed using a Q Exactive HF mass spectrometer in survey experiments (data not included). The 109 remaining blastomeres were analyzed using a capillary LC-ESI-MS/MS system coupled to an Orbitrap Fusion Lumos mass spectrometer, which identified a total of 4189 protein groups and 40,998 unique peptides. On average, 3468 ± 229 protein groups and 14,525 ± 2437 unique peptides were identified from each blastomere, which is the highest throughput and deepest proteome coverage to date of single blastomeres at this stage of development. We also compared two dissociation buffers, Newport and calcium-magnesium-free (CMFM) buffers; the two buffers generated similar numbers of protein identifications (3615 total protein IDs from use of the Newport dissociation buffer and 3671 total protein IDs from use of the CMFM buffer).
Total Tau Level in Cerebrospinal Fluid as a Predictor of Survival in Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (2023)

This finding supports the use of CSF t-tau as a prognostic biomarker for CJD.
PSA doubling time (PSADT) and serum testosterone (T) during intermittent androgen deprivation (IAD) in patients with biochemically relapsed prostate cancer (BRCP; M0): Potential predictive implications. (2011)

e15006 Background: The systemic management of patients with BRPC remains controversial. IAD is commonly employed. Aims: To evaluate the PSA dynamics and serum T in pts with BRPC treated with IAD until the development of PSA refractoriness or clinical evidence of metastatic disease. Methods: Data were retrospectively analyzed in all pts with BRCP treated with GnRH at PSA thresholds according to pre-treatment PSADT (10-15ng/ml, 15-20, and 20-30 for PSADT ≤3 mos, 3-9 mos, and ≥ 9 ms, respectively) and continued until PSA nadir. Antiandrogen,(AA) was added for PSA > 1.0 ng/ml after 3 mos). Follow-up (FU) consisted of PSA and T q3 mos. Cycles were repeated at the above preselected PSA thresholds and continued until lack of PSA response. Scans were obtained prior to cycles and at the time of CRPC state. Mixed effects model was used to study PSADT change over cycles. Multivariate cox regression model was used to identify prognostic variables. Results: From 1995-2010, with a mean FU of 71 mos (range 22-183 months),96 pts received a mean of 2.8 cycles (range 1-9) of IAD; 58 (60%) remain on treatment and 38 (40%) were switched to continuous ADT due to PSA refractoriness (n=11) or positive scans (n=27). PSADT at the first off treatment (tx) interval (mean 3.1, 0.59-30.5 range, median 2.3) was significantly shorter than the baseline (p<0.0001) (mean 9.7, range 0.27-53.9, median 7.34) but remained relatively stable (p=0.29) in subsequent cycles. PSADT adjusted for T recovery (≥3 ms after T recovery to ≥ 150 ng/dl) was significantly longer (p=0.006) than that based only on all PSA determinations (mean 5.4, range 1.31-30.5, median 3.7 versus mean 3.1, range 0.59-30.5, median 2.3). Significant factors associated with probability of PSA refractoriness were pre-IAD PSADT (≥ 6 vs <6 ms), first off tx interval PSADT (≥3 ms vs <3m), and PSA nadir during the first tx interval (<0.1 vs ≥0.1 ng/ml). Conclusions: Our data suggest that PSADT becomes shorter after the initial cycle of IAD and correlate with T recovery. PSA dynamics are associated with PSA refractoriness in pts with BRPC treated with IAD.
Planar Impact Study of a Shear Thickening Fluid (2009)

A dense suspension of silicon carbide (SiC), 48% by volume, in ethylene glycol (EG) was studied using a plate impact technique to measure the shock Hugoniot of the mixture. The results demonstrate that the wave propagation speed in this mixture is dominated by the behavior of the EG, the liquid phase in the mixture. The results deviate from the wave propagation behaviour predicted by a well characterized mixture model at the higher range of particle velocities tested.
Thiol- and Amine-Incorporated UIO-66-NH2 as an Efficient Adsorbent for the Removal of Mercury(II) and Phosphate Ions from Aqueous Solutions (2021)

In this study, the novel adsorbent UIO-66-IT was synthesized to extract mercury and phosphate ions from contaminated water. The synthetic strategy involved the preparation of the metal–organic framework (UIO-66-NH2) followed by post-synthetic modification using the chelating ligand 2-imino-4-thiobiuret to form the UIO-66-IT adsorbent. The structure and the morphology of the adsorbent were investigated by a variety of analytical techniques including Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area measurements. The adsorption of mercury and phosphate was optimized by studying the effect of pH, initial concentration, contact time, dose, temperature, and competitive ions. The results revealed exceptionally high adsorption capacities toward mercury and phosphate ions of 580 and 178 mg/g, respectively, at pH = 5.5 and an initial concentration of 1500 and 1000 mg/L. The adsorption isotherms are in excellent agreement with the Langmuir isotherm model, indicating the formation of a monolayer on the surface of UIO-66-IT. The kinetics of adsorption fit well with the pseudo-second-order kinetics model, which suggests the chemical adsorption of mercury ions via the nitrogen and sulfur functional groups of the adsorbent and the physical adsorption of phosphate anions by protonated functional groups on the surface of the UIO-66-IT adsorbent. Selectivity studies showed removal efficiencies of 98.9% Hg(II) from a solution containing a mixture of metal ions at 25 mg/L. Regeneration studies showed that the adsorbent can be recycled several times by using nitric acid for mercury removal and sodium chloride for phosphate removal. Removal efficiencies were higher than 99% for both regenerations. Due to the simple synthetic strategy via cost-effective starting materials, unique chemical structure, rapid adsorption kinetics, and high surface area, which lead to excellent removal efficiency, stability, and excellent regeneration, UIO-66-IT is introduced as a unique adsorbent for the selective removal of mercury and phosphate ions to remediate polluted water.
Dynamic Optics for 3D Laser Material Processing (2015)

Dynamic optical elements, including spatial light modulators and deformable mirrors, improve the capabilities of laser fabrication systems. Advantages include aberration correction, parallelization and spatial control over the temporal intensity profile of ultrashort pulses.
Outcomes of Lead Revision for Myocardial Perforation After Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Placement (2014)

Percutaneous removal or repositioning of the perforating lead is feasible and appears effective. Placement of a prophylactic pericardial drain catheter may reduce the incidence of urgent pericardiocentesis during or after a procedure.
Ultrarapid spectroscopy in liquids in phase-resolved transitory absorption experiment. Analysis using the Brownian oscillator model (1998)

International audience
Dynamics in insulin requirements and treatment safety (2016)

Our findings may call attention to a major contributing factor to hypoglycemia among insulin users. In reality, insulin dosage is seldom adjusted and thus transient periods of decrease in insulin requirements and overtreatment are usually overlooked.
Identification of the genetic determinants responsible for retinal degeneration in families of Mexican descent (2017)

Screening patients diagnosed with IRD from Mexico identified six known mutations and three rare or novel potentially damaging variants in IMPDH1, USH2A, RPE65, ABCA4, and FAM161A genes that segregated with disease.
49‐2: Hierarchical Logo Detection and Image Processing Algorithm for Preventing OLED Image Sticking (2018)

The OLED display has been known to have excellent display characteristics such as high response speed, wide viewing angle and color rendering capabilities. However, OLED devices require sustained efforts to improve the OLED lifetime due to a characteristic that the luminance decreases according to elapsed time. In this paper, we proposed hierarchical logo detection and brightness control method to prevent image sticking on OLED TV. We have experimented with this method in FPGA and We prove that the proposed algorithm can increase the lifetime of OLED TV.