gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Giant Stokes fields on semicontinuous metal films (1998)

The local electric fields on a semicontinuous metal film are shown to experience giant fluctuations in the visible and infrared spectral ranges when the dissipation in metallic grains is small. The field fluctuations result in strongly enhanced Raman scattering. The scattered local fields at the Stokes frequency are concentrated in sharp well-separated peaks and are enhanced up to giant values, ∼1014, that exceed by many orders of magnitude the average enhancement, ∼106. This opens a fascinating possibility for Raman scattering spectroscopy of single molecules on a semicontinuous metal film. A developed scaling theory for surface-enhanced Raman scattering from a semicontinuous film successfully explains the experimental observations.
Cyclic AMP‐Dependent Protein Phosphorylation in Isolated Neuronal Growth Cones from Developing Rat Forebrain (1989)

We have shown recently that neuronal growth cones isolated from developing rat forebrain possess an appreciable activity of adenylate cyclase, which produces cyclic AMP and can be stimulated by various neurotransmitter receptor agonists and by forskolin. To investigate cyclic AMP-mediated biochemical mechanisms in isolated growth cones, we have centered the present study on cyclic AMP-dependent protein phosphorylation. One-dimensional gel electrophoretic analysis showed that cyclic AMP analogs increased incorporation of 32P into several phosphoproteins in molecular mass ranges of 50-58 and 76-82 kilodaltons, including those of 82, 76, and 51 kilodaltons. Two-dimensional electrophoresis, using isoelectric focusing in the first dimension, resolved phosphorylated alpha- and beta-tubulin species, actin, a very acidic protein (isoelectric point 4.0) with a molecular mass of 93 kilodaltons, and two proteins (x and x') closely neighboring beta-tubulin. Two other phosphoproteins seen in the gels had molecular masses of 56 and 51 kilodaltons (respective isoelectric points, 4.5 and 4.4) and, along with the 93-kilodalton phosphoprotein, were highly enriched in the isolated growth cones. Only the tubulin and actin species were major proteins in the isolated growth cones. Cyclic AMP analogs enhanced incorporation of 32P into phosphoproteins x and x', and, as assessed by immunoprecipitation, into beta-tubulin. Peptide digest experiments suggested that phosphoproteins x and x' are unrelated to beta-tubulin. Nonequilibrium two-dimensional electrophoresis resolved many phosphoproteins, of which a 79- and 75-kilodalton doublet, a 74-kilodalton species, and a 58-kilodalton doublet showed enhanced incorporation of 32P in the presence of cyclic AMP.
Methamphetamine Use and Cardiovascular Disease (2019)

While the opioid epidemic has garnered significant attention, the use of methamphetamines is growing worldwide independent of wealth or region. Following overdose and accidents, the leading cause of death in methamphetamine users is cardiovascular disease, because of significant effects of methamphetamine on vasoconstriction, pulmonary hypertension, atherosclerotic plaque formation, cardiac arrhythmias, and cardiomyopathy. In this review, we examine the current literature on methamphetamine-induced changes in cardiovascular health, discuss the potential mechanisms regulating these varied effects, and highlight our deficiencies in understanding how to treat methamphetamine-associated cardiovascular dysfunction.
Opportunities for Permanent Corrosion Monitoring of Pipelines Using Guided Wave Tomography (2009)

Corrosion and erosion are two major degradation mechanisms of piping systems and pipelines that both lead to wall thickness loss. To ensure sufficient integrity levels of these assets NDE is currently conducted at time based intervals often associated with shut downs. However, both economical and social requirements are pushing the industry to higher levels of availability, reliability and safety of installations at minimum costs. Using permanent sensors that continuously monitor the wall thickness of assets over large areas allows improvement of the availability of installations at lower inspection costs. Because when inline data is continuously available the maintenance can be planned (just) in time at the most optimal moment. Therefore, the permanent sensors will save inspection costs and minimize unplanned maintenance. This can not be achieved with the current method of periodic inspections even when this is done risk based, because some corrosion processes behave unpredictable. This paper demonstrates a system which is able to monitor the wall thickness of pipe lines over large areas in an economical attractive way using a limited number of low-power ultrasonic transducers. The transducers excite specific guided wave modes with a phase velocity that strongly depends on the wall thickness. By applying tomographic inversion to the travel time of these wave modes along different paths, a wall thickness map with 100% coverage can be obtained. Experimental results on a 10″ steel pipe with a wall thickness (WT) of 8 mm show that this system is able to detect and size defects with a depth of 10% and diameter of 15 cm. The area covered in this case was the complete wall of a pipe with a length of 4 m. This paper further explains the advantages and the performance of this system. Furthermore, it will give an outlook of the possible applications.
HIV-1 viral protein R (Vpr) regulates viral replication and cellular proliferation in T cells and monocytoid cells in vitro (1997)

Among the putative accessory genes of HIV-1, the 96-amino-acid virion-associated vpr gene product has been described to have several novel biological activities. These include cytoplasmic-to-nuclear translocation, which empowers HIV to infect and replicate in non-dividing cells and to increase viral replication, particularly in macrophages. Along with these viral effects, we found that HIV-1 Vpr induces dramatic biological changes in the target cells of HIV infection, including induction of changes in transcriptional patterns, morphological changes, and complete inhibition of proliferation, which collectively was termed differentiation. These changes occur in the absence of other viral gene products, suggesting that Vpr mediates its proviral effects partially or perhaps solely through modulation of the state of the target cell rather than directly on the virus. The inhibition of proliferation in T cell lines has been extended by several groups to demonstrate that the inhibition of proliferation is through G2 cell cycle arrest, further supporting the idea that Vpr acts directly on cellular targets. We have recently described a role for Vpr in modulating the glucocorticoid pathway, which is involved in the regulation of the state of the cell, in cytoplasmic-to-nuclear translocation, and in modulation of host cell transcription. It is important to note that certain anti-glucocorticoid compounds modulate Vpr activity in vitro. These results support the idea that the host cell contains specific receptor molecule(s) through which Vpr mediates its activity. Consequently, Vpr represents a unique target for anti-HIV drug development and has significance for HIV-1 disease progression.
Solid state nanofibers based on self-assemblies: from cleaving from self-assemblies to multilevel hierarchical constructs (2009)

Self-assemblies and their hierarchies are useful to construct soft materials with structures at different length scales and to tune the materials properties for various functions. Here we address routes for solid nanofibers based on different forms of self-assemblies. On the other hand, we discuss rational "bottom-up" routes for multi-level hierarchical self-assembled constructs, with the aim of learning more about design principles for competing interactions and packing frustrations. Here we use the triblock copolypeptide poly(L-lysine)-b-poly(gamma-benzyl-L-glutamate)-b-poly(L-lysine) complexed with 2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate. Supramolecular disks (G-quartets) stabilized by metal cations are formed and their columnar assembly leads to a packing frustration with the cylindrical packing of helical poly(gamma-benzyl-L-glutamate), which we suggest is important in controlling the lateral dimensions of the nanofibers. We foresee routes for functionalities by selecting different metal cations within the G-quartets. On the other hand, we discuss nanofibers that are cleaved from bulk self-assemblies in a "top-down" manner. After a short introduction based on cleaving nanofibers from diblock copolymeric self-assemblies, we focus on native cellulose nanofibers, as cleaved from plant cell wall fibers, which are expected to have feasible mechanical properties and to be templates for functional nanomaterials. Long nanofibers with 5-20 nm lateral dimensions can be cleaved within an aqueous medium to allow hydrogels and water can be removed to allow highly porous, lightweight, and flexible aerogels. We further describe inorganic/ organic hybrids as prepared by chemical vapour deposition and atomic layer deposition of the different nanofibers. We foresee functional materials by selecting inorganic coatings. Finally we briefly discuss how the organic template can be removed e.g., by thermal treatments to allow completely inorganic hollow nanofibrillar structures.
Binary phase-shift keying by coupling modulation of microrings (2014)

We propose a coupling-modulated microring in an add-drop configuration for binary phase-shift keying (BPSK), where data is encoded as 0 and π radian phase-shifts on the optical carrier. The device uses the π radian phase-flip across the zero coupling point in a 2 × 2 Mach-Zehnder interferometer coupler to produce the modulation. The coupling-modulated microring combines the drive power reduction of resonant modulators with the digital phase response of Mach-Zehnder BPSK modulators. A proof-of-concept device was demonstrated in silicon-on-insulator, showing differential binary phase-shift keying operation at 5 and 10 Gb/s.
A Report From VisWeek 2010 (2011)

VisWeek 2010 covered the latest visualization and data analysis research and offered an excellent forum for discussing new trends in these fields.
The C-terminal domain but not the tyrosine 723 of human DNA topoisomerase I active site contributes to kinase activity (1998)

Human DNA topoisomerase I not only has DNA relaxing activity, but also splicing factors phosphorylating activity. Topo I shows strong preference for ATP as the phosphate donor. We used photoaffinity labeling with the ATP analogue [alpha-32P] 8-azidoadenosine-5'-triphosphate combined with limited proteolysis to characterize Topo I domains involved in ATP binding. The majority of incorporated analogue was associated with two fragments derived from N-terminal and C-terminal regions of Topo I, respectively. However, mutational analysis showed that deletion of the first 138 N-terminal residues, known to be dispensable for topoisomerase activity, did not change the binding of ATP or the kinase activity. In contrast, deletion of 162 residues from the C-terminal domain was deleterious for ATP binding, kinase and topoisomerase activities. Furthermore, a C-terminal tyrosine 723 mutant lacking topoisomerase activity is still able to bind ATP and to phosphorylate SF2/ASF, suggesting that the two functions of Topo I can be separated. These findings argue in favor of the fact that Topo I is a complex enzyme with a number of potential intra-cellular functions.
System and method for monitoring integrity of a wellbore (2023)

A detector assembly includes scintillators configured to generate a light signal in response to an impinging backscatter signal, where the scintillators are arranged in a first pattern, a plurality of first detectors, where each first detector is coupled to a scintillator and configured to receive a first portion of a light signal from that scintillator, and where the first detectors are arranged in a second pattern aligned with the first pattern, a plurality of second detectors, where each second detector is disposed adjacent a scintillator and configured to receive a second portion of the light signal from that scintillator, and where the plurality of second detectors is arranged in a third pattern, and a scintillator collimator including a plurality of openings and configured to selectively receive the backscatter signal, where the detector assembly is configured to provide depth resolution, azimuthal resolution, a defect type, a defect size, or combinations thereof.
Circumferential Cyclic Strain in Patients With Descending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms: Implications for Endovascular Device Design (2009)

Endovascular graft (EVG) therapy has emerged as a promising alternative to open surgical repair of thoracic aortic aneurysms. However, the long-term durability of thoracic endovascular repair (TEVAR) remains uncertain due to complications such as incomplete aneurysm exclusion (endoleaks), migration, and stent fracture and collapse. These complications could likely be reduced if the biomechanical environment of the thoracic aorta was better understood. Currently, there are three FDA approved EVGs for treatment of descending thoracic aortic aneurysms (DTAA), but the range of bench-top testing mechanisms for these devices are limited.
ChemInform Abstract: Demethylation of Methyl Aryl Ethers Using Pyridine Hydrochloride in Solvent‐Free Conditions under Microwave Irradiation. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Revealing Factors Influencing the Operational Stability of Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes (2020)

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) made from metal halide perovskites have demonstrated external electroluminescent quantum efficiencies (EQE<sub>EL</sub>) in excess of 20%. However, their poor operational stability, resulting in lifetimes of only tens to hundreds of hours, needs to be dramatically improved prior to commercial use. There is little consensus in the community upon which factors limit the stability of these devices. Here, we investigate the role played by ammonium cations on the operational stability. We vary the amount of phenylethylammonium bromide, a widely used alkylammonium salt, that we add to a precursor solution of CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> and track changes in stability and EQE<sub>EL</sub>. We find that while phenylethylammonium bromide is beneficial in achieving high efficiency, it is highly detrimental to operational stability. We investigate material properties and electronic characteristics before and after degradation and find that both a reduction in the radiative efficiency of the emitter and significant changes in current-voltage characteristics explain the orders of magnitude drop in the EQE<sub>EL</sub>, which we attribute to increased ionic mobility. Our results suggest that engineering new contacts and further investigation into materials with lower ionic mobility should yield much improved stability of perovskite LEDs.
Redox behavior of ferrocene derivatives. 2. Bis(.eta.5-tricyclo[5.2.1.02,6]deca-2,5,8-trien-6-yl)iron and related molecules (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRedox behavior of ferrocene derivatives. 2. Bis(.eta.5-tricyclo[5.2.1.02,6]deca-2,5,8-trien-6-yl)iron and related moleculesJudith C. Gallucci, Giuliana Opromolla, Leo A. Paquette, Luca Pardi, Paulo F. T. Schirch, Mark R. Sivik, and Piero ZanelloCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 11, 2292–2297Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00063a018RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views119Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (650 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A new ranging method for OFDMA systems (2005)

We present a new initial ranging method for OFDMA systems such as IEEE 802.16a. First, a new orthogonal ranging signal design is proposed by which an efficient, low-complexity multi-user ranging signal detection is developed. Based on the ranging signal detector results, power estimation for the detected ranging subscriber stations is performed. Then, by utilizing the proposed orthogonal ranging signal design together with the redundancy introduced by cyclic prefixes, a new iterative multi-user timing offset estimator is presented. Compared with the existing methods utilizing the CDMA-type ranging codes (in frequency-domain) defined in IEEE 802.16a, the proposed method achieves a better performance and greater robustness against multi-user interference and multi-path fading channels.
Real time optical profilometry as a probe of rates of laser-induced chemical vapor deposition (1987)

An optical method for the measurement of rates of laser induced chemical vapor deposition processes is described. Vertical growth rates are obtained from measurements of the power attenuation by a growing deposit of a probe beam of known diameter directed parallel to the substrate and intersecting the axis of the deposit. A theoretical analysis is presented that relates the growth rate of deposits with various geometries to the attenuation of the probe beam as a function of time and the probe laser beam diameter. The method can be used to obtain growth rates for deposits as small as a few μm in height, as long as the surface of the deposit is smooth relative to the diameter of the probe beam. The method is used to determine rates of photothermal gold deposition as a function of gold precursor partial pressure. Measured deposition rates ranged from 0.2 to 5.5 μm/s for dimethyl gold hexafluoroacetylacetonate partial pressures from 0.03 to 0.62 Torr.
In-Vehicle Network Security Using Secure Element (2015)

As there are no security mechanisms in the vehicle controller area network (CAN) protocol, it is easy to inject fake packets, codes and electric control units (ECUs) in the CAN to hijack vehicle control. Security countermeasures for both the CAN and the ECU are urgently required to improve driving safety. In this paper, we propose in-vehicle network securities using the hardware secure elements as follows: (i) secure boot of ECU, (ii) authentication of an ECU, (iii) authentication of a CAN packet, and (iv) cipher key exchange procedures from a master ECU to slave ECUs. The security algorithms are implemented in a subscriber identity module card (SIM) embedded in the master ECU's board and in a hardware security module (HSM) embedded in a slave ECU. The SIM generates and distributes cipher keys to the authenticated HSM. Then, the HSM generates a media authentication code (MAC) for the CAN packet by using the cipher keys.
Supplementary Figure 9 from The OPCML Tumor Suppressor Functions as a Cell Surface Repressor–Adaptor, Negatively Regulating Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 67K&lt;/p&gt;
Low-Complexity Scheduling and Power Adaptation for Coordinated Cloud-Radio Access Networks (2017)

In practical wireless systems, the successful implementation of resource allocation techniques strongly depends on the algorithmic complexity. Consider a cloud-radio access network (CRAN), where the central cloud is responsible for scheduling devices to the frames' radio resources blocks (RRBs) of the single-antenna base-stations (BSs), adjusting the transmit power levels, and for synchronizing the transmit frames across the connected BSs. Previous studies show that the jointly coordinated scheduling and power control problem in the considered CRAN can be solved using an approach that scales exponentially with the number of BSs, devices, and RRBs, which makes the practical implementation infeasible for reasonably sized networks. This letter instead proposes a low-complexity solution to the problem, under the constraints that each device cannot be served by more than one BS but can be served by multiple RRBs within each BS frame, and under the practical assumption that the channel is constant during the duration of each frame. The paper utilizes graph-theoretical based techniques and shows that constructing a single power control graph is sufficient to obtain the optimal solution with a complexity that is independent of the number of RRBs. Simulation results reveal the optimality of the proposed solution for slow-varying channels, and show that the solution performs near-optimal for highly correlated channels.
Innate Immune Evasion Strategies of Influenza Viruses (2009)

Influenza viruses are globally important human respiratory pathogens. These viruses cause seasonal epidemics and occasional worldwide pandemics, both of which can vary significantly in disease severity. The virulence of a particular influenza virus strain is partly determined by its success in circumventing the host immune response. This article briefly reviews the innate mechanisms that host cells have evolved to resist virus infection, and outlines the plethora of strategies that influenza viruses have developed in order to counteract such powerful defences. The molecular details of this virus-host interplay are summarized, and the ways in which research in this area is being applied to the rational design of protective vaccines and novel antivirals are discussed.
Safety and immunogenicity of influenza A(H5N1) vaccine stored up to twelve years in the National Pre-Pandemic Influenza Vaccine Stockpile (NPIVS) (2018)

ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02680002.
Cesium migration and equilibrium in a strong electric field on the surface of silicon (1986)

It is found experimentally that a balance between the chemical force and the force due to an applied electric field acting on fractionally charged cesium particles on the surface of silicon leads to an equilibrium state. Measurements of the coverage gradient (∂θ/∂x) in this equilibrium state give a relation between the gradient of the chemical potential (mainly the binding energy Ub) and the fractional charge of the cesium particles. For cesium atoms on silicon this relation is found to be f=0.16∂Ub/∂θ+0.03.
On the Strategic Impact of the Degenerative Transfer of Xanthates on Synthetic Planning (2016)

Abstract The present brief account relates synthetic endeavours revolving around a novel chemistry of xanthates (dithiocarbonates) being developed in our group. The degenerative reversible transfer of xanthates has a unique ability to store reactive radicals in a dormant form, and thereby to enhance their lifetime in a concentrated medium, while at the same time, regulating their absolute and relative concentrations. It allows intermolecular radical additions even to unactivated alkenes, and can promote otherwise sluggish radical processes, such as 5‐ endo , 6‐ exo , 6‐ endo , 7‐ endo , and 8‐ endo cyclisations, as well as ring closures on (hetero)aromatic structures. This chemistry has proved remarkably versatile and powerful, both for solving synthetic problems and for the industrial production of block copolymers through the RAFT/MADIX technology.