gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bioinspired Supramolecular Enzymatic Systems (2012)

Abstract : Through the use of enzymes and related structures, Nature takes a complex, integrated approach to regulating cellular activities such as signal cascades, molecular transport, and catalysis. These critical functions are performed using information storage and retrieval processes that make use of molecular recognition. The ability to learn from Nature and mimic its processes for abiotic purposes holds great potential for controlling chemical processes and creating a wide variety of functional materials and devices that can impact military and civilian needs. Materials and devices of interest include chemical and biological detection systems, catalytic systems for environmental remediation, and materials for power applications. They will significantly impact efforts to monitor and deter the use of biological and chemical weapons, as well as hazardous explosive devices. They also will lead to more efficient, portable, and inexpensive ways of operating energy-consuming devices important to the military. Our MURI efforts aim to understand and develop a supramolecular toolbox that enables researchers to create abiotic enzymatic systems. Synthetic organic and inorganic chemistries are employed in parallel with macromolecular modeling in order to create molecular machines based on mechanostereochemical bonds, porous hybrid materials, and stimuli-responsive metal-orqanic supramolecular structures. These structures exhibit a full ranqe of bio-inspired functions.
Ink-bleed reduction using functional minimization (2010)

Ink-bleed interference is undesirable as it reduces the legibility and aesthetics of affected documents. We present a novel approach to reduce ink-bleed interference using functional minimization. In particular, we show how to modify the Chan-Vese active contour model to incorporate information from the front and back sides of the ink-bleed document. This contour model is particularly useful as it does not require edge extraction or explicit thresholding of the document. In addition, we show how functional minimization can again be used to restore broken foreground strokes that arise when strong ink-bleed overlaps with foreground strokes. The experimental results show that our functional minimization method produces better results than recent ink-bleed reduction techniques. To provide a complete framework, we also show how simple user assistance can be further exploited to improve the results.
Robust plane-wave decomposition of spherical microphone array recordings for binaural sound reproduction (2015)

Rendering binaural signals from spherical microphone recordings is becoming an increasingly popular approach, with applications in telecommunications, virtual acoustics, hearing science, and entertainment. Such binaural signals can be generated from a plane-wave decomposition of a sound field measured by a spherical microphone array. This process may exhibit ill-conditioned transformations when performed at low frequencies and using high spherical-harmonics orders, thus resulting in a poor robustness to measurement inaccuracies and noise. Previous studies have addressed this issue by employing standard regularization techniques, such as diagonal loading and radial filter limiting. In this paper, we propose an optimal frequency-dependent regularization method that balances system robustness to measurement noise against accuracy of plane-wave decomposition. Unlike previously suggested approaches, the proposed method analytically relates the measured signal-to-noise ratio to the corresponding regularization parameters, hence facilitating a means for controlling the regularization process using a closed-form expression. The method is compared to previously suggested regularization techniques in terms of spatial, temporal, and spectral effects on the resulting binaural signals. Objective results, which illustrate the improved performance of the proposed method, are complemented with a subjective validation of the regularized signals.
Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) Index and mortality in COVID-19 patients admitted to the emergency department (2022)

Liver damage worsens the prognosis of coronavirus 19 disease (COVID-19). However, the best strategy to stratify mortality risk according to liver damage has not been established. The aim of this study is to test the predictive value of the validated Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) Index and compared it to liver transaminases and to the AST-to-Platelet ratio index (APRI). Multicenter cohort study including 992 consecutive COVID-19 patients admitted to the Emergency Department. FIB-4 > 3.25 and APRI > 0.7 were used to define liver damage. Multivariable Cox regression and ROC curve analysis for mortality were performed. Secondary endpoints were (1) need for high-flow oxygen and (2) mechanical ventilation. 240 (24.2%) patients had a FIB-4 > 3.25. FIB-4 > 3.25 associated with an increased mortality (n = 119, log-rank test p < 0.001 and adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.72 (95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.14-2.59, p = 0.010). ROC analysis for mortality showed that FIB-4 (AUC 0.734, 95% CI 0.705-0.761) had a higher predictive value than AST (p = 0.0018) and ALT (p < 0.0001). FIB-4 > 3.25 was also superior to APRI > 0.7 (AUC 0.58, 95% CI 0.553-0.615, p = 0.0008). Using an optimized cut-off > 2.76 (AUC 0.689, 95% CI 0.659-0.718, p < 0.0001), FIB-4 was superior to FIB-4 > 3.25 (p = 0.0302), APRI > 0.7 (p < 0.0001), AST > 51 (p = 0.0119) and ALT > 42 (p < 0.0001). FIB-4 was also associated with high-flow oxygen use (n = 255, HR 1.69, 95% CI 1.25-2.28, p = 0.001) and mechanical ventilation (n = 39, HR 2.07, 95% CI 1.03-4.19, p = 0.043). FIB-4 score predicts mortality better than liver transaminases and APRI score. FIB-4 score may be an easy tool to identify COVID-19 patients at worse prognosis in the emergency department.
해안 대수층에서 지하수 장기 모니터링을 통한 수리 특성 조사 (2011)

도서지역의 지하수는 중요한 수자원으로 이용되고 있으나 지하수의 과잉 개발은 해수침투를 유발하거나 온천공에서는 온도 저하 등의 문제를 일으킬 수 있다. 본 연구는 석모도 매음리 일대의 온천공 및 지하수공에서 장기 모니터링을 실시하여 연구지역의 수리지질 특성을 추정하였다. 온천공 모니터링 결과 계절적인 수위 변화나 지속적인 수위 하강 또는 상승은 나타나지 않았으며, 공내 약 10 m 내외 심도에서 측정된 지하수온은 몇 개의 공에서 대기 최고온도와 2~5개월 정도의 시간차를 보이며 일년 주기로 나타났다. 그리고 조석 변동에 따른 유효응력 변화를 분석하여 저류계수를 계산하였다. 조석 영향을 분석한 결과 조석효율 요소를 이용하여 계산된 저류계수가 시간지연 요소를 이용한 값들보다 다소 크게 나타났다. 여러 가지 대수층 조건을 가정한 조석 분석법은 넓은 범위의 저류계수 값을 산정할 수 있으나, 본 연구에서 적용한 조석 분석법으로 계산된 값은 합리적이라 판단된다. 측정된 수위 및 조석 변동 형태가 동남향 방향으로 유사한 이유는 지반내 수리지질적인 연결성 또는 단열계의 분포특성에 의한 것으로 추정된다. 본 연구의 결과는 적정 지하수 사용량 또는 지하수 부존 평가나 온천공들의 개발 및 허가량 등에 대한 평가 자료로 이용될 수 있다. 【Groundwater in small islands is used as main water resource but the overuse of groundwater may cause seawater intrusion and temperature decrease in geothermal wells. This study aimed to characterize the hydrogeology of Maeum-ri area in Seokmo Island of Ganghwagun using long-term monitoring at groundwater wells and geothermal wells. In the monitoring period seasonal water level change, consistent drop or increase of water levels are not detected. The groundwater temperature about 10m below ground surface shows year cycle variation having two to five months difference with ambient temperature cycle. The storativity was calculated by tidal method. The storativity estimated by adapting tidal efficiency factor showed some larger values than that by using tidal time lag. The result suggested that the tidal method assuming several assumptions on aquifer condition may produce broad ranges but the calculated ranges at this application are reasonable. The similar shape of groundwater level change and tidal effects was observed at several wells clustered east-south-east direction which may implicate the distribution of vertical fracture system strongly related with groundwater flow channels. The applied methodology and study results will bc valuable to evaluate optimal pumping rate for the preservation of groundwater resources, and to manage geothermal development.】
Evolving paradigms in clinical pharmacology and therapeutics for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2016)

Progressive muscle weakness and degeneration due to the lack of dystrophin eventually leads to the loss of independent ambulation by the middle of the patient's second decade, and a fatal outcome due to cardiac or respiratory failure by the third decade. More specifically, loss of sarcolemmal dystrophin and the dystrophin-associated glycoprotein (DAG) complex promotes muscle fiber damage during muscle contraction. This process results in an efflux of creatine kinase (CK), an influx of calcium ions, and the recruitment of T cells, macrophages, and mast cells to the damaged muscle, causing progressive myofiber necrosis. For the last 20 years, the major goal in the development of therapeutic approaches to alleviate muscle weakness in DMD has been centered on the restoration of dystrophin or proteins that are analogous to dystrophin, such as utrophin, through a variety of modalities including cell therapy, gene therapy, gene correction, and the highly promising techniques utilizing CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Despite the development of new therapeutic options, there still exist numerous challenges that we must face with regard to these new strategies and, consequently, we still do not have any feasible options available to ultimately slow the progression of this devastating disease. The purpose of this article is to highlight the current knowledge and advancements in the evolving paradigms in clinical pharmacology and therapeutics for this devastating musculoskeletal disease.
GPflowOpt : a bayesian optimization library using tensorflow (2017)

A novel Python framework for Bayesian optimization known as GPflowOpt is introduced.The package is based on the popular GPflow library for Gaussian processes, leveraging the benefits of TensorFlow including automatic differentiation, parallelization and GPU computations for Bayesian optimization.Design goals focus on a framework that is easy to extend with custom acquisition functions and models.The framework is thoroughly tested and well documented, and provides scalability.The current released version of GPflowOpt includes some standard single-objective acquisition functions, the state-of-the-art max-value entropy search, as well as a Bayesian multi-objective approach.Finally, it permits easy use of custom modeling strategies implemented in GPflow.
GRAFIN-GRAFIX INTERACTIVE PROGRAM (1989)

The GRAFIX INteractive (GRAFIN) program has been developed to make the old GRAFIX post-processing program easier for the researcher to use. The GRAFIN program allows the user to display graphic output from Federal Highway Administration computer simulation programs. The program queries the user for appropriate vehicle, barrier, and terrain information and gathers and manages all necessary files for graphic output production. The GRAFIN program is structured as two main parts: a front-end portion to manage program files, and a modified version of the old GRAFIX program. The report serves as a stand-alone manual for the GRAFIN program and an addendum to the old GRAFIX manual.
A C-Terminal Conformational Equilibrium in Thymidylate Synthase Observed by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA C-Terminal Conformational Equilibrium in Thymidylate Synthase Observed by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyChristopher W. Carreras, Nariman Naber, Roger Cooke, and Daniel V. SantiCite this: Biochemistry 1994, 33, 8, 2071–2077Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00174a013https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00174a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views31Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Magnetic Relaxation of HighTcSuperconducting Thin Films (1989)

The magnetic relaxation of high T c superconducting thin films was studied. In the n type NdCeCuO film, the significantly large relaxation was observed even in a low temperature region below 20 K, as compared with other p type oxide superconducting films. In order to analyze the data, a phenomenological model was presented. In this model, we used the time variable pinning potential barrier for the flux creep, combined with a classical relaxation equation. The activation energy defined as height of potential barrier at t =∞ can be calculated to be 0.01 eV, 0.12 eV and 0.19 eV for NdCeCuO, TlBaCaCuO and ErBaCuO films, respectively.
Difficult Wrist Fractures (1987)

Perilunate dislocations of the wrist have a common pathway of disruption that occurs from extensive dorsiflexion injuries. Open reduction and internal fixation of these injuries is required to provide accurate alignment and the option for ligament repair. Both dorsal and palmar surgical incisions may be indicated. Associated injuries to the median nerve must be recognized. Treatment includes scaphoid and radial styloid stabilization with multiple K-wires or internal compression screw (Herbert or Association for the Study of Internal Fixation [ASIF] screws). In these injuries, the lunate must be reduced first and stabilized. The scaphoid proximal segment follows the lunate unless the scapholunate (SL) ligament is torn. The distal scaphoid fragment, capitate, and triquetrum are reduced and aligned with the lunate and need to be held with K-wires. Ligament repair and augmentation may be necessary at both scapholunate and lunotriquetal areas if there has been serious ligament injury. Palmar ligament repair is often required, and we recommend a palmar exploration in most patients along with release of the median nerve. Surgical treatment results of perilunate fracture-dislocations of the wrist appear better than conservative treatment methods, but complications following both indicate the need for improved internal fixation and fracture-dislocation realignment. These fractures are a real challenge to the treating surgeon who must use patience, precise surgical techniques, and careful roentgenographic study (including tomograms and traction views) to assure the best result.
Skeletal muscle Nur77 expression enhances oxidative metabolism and substrate utilization (2012)

Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Identifying novel regulators of mitochondrial bioenergetics will broaden our understanding of regulatory checkpoints that coordinate complex metabolic pathways. We previously showed that Nur77, an orphan nuclear receptor of the NR4A family, regulates the expression of genes linked to glucose utilization. Here we demonstrate that expression of Nur77 in skeletal muscle also enhances mitochondrial function. We generated MCK-Nur77 transgenic mice that express wild-type Nur77 specifically in skeletal muscle. Nur77-overexpressing muscle had increased abundance of oxidative muscle fibers and mitochondrial DNA content. Transgenic muscle also exhibited enhanced oxidative metabolism, suggestive of increased mitochondrial activity. Metabolomic analysis confirmed that Nur77 transgenic muscle favored fatty acid oxidation over glucose oxidation, mimicking the metabolic profile of fasting. Nur77 expression also improved the intrinsic respiratory capacity of isolated mitochondria, likely due to the increased abundance of complex I of the electron transport chain. These changes in mitochondrial metabolism translated to improved muscle contractile function ex vivo and improved cold tolerance in vivo. Our studies outline a novel role for Nur77 in the regulation of oxidative metabolism and mitochondrial activity in skeletal muscle.
Parameterization of polar anisotropic moveout for converted waves (2000)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2000Parameterization of polar anisotropic moveout for converted wavesAuthors: T. CheretR. BaleS. LeaneyT. CheretSchlumberger OFS, Gatwick UK, R. BaleSchlumberger OFS, Gatwick UK, and S. LeaneySchlumberger OFS, Gatwick UKhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1815601 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1815601FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byConverted-wave diodic moveout and application in the land gas cloud area15 October 2011 | Applied Geophysics, Vol. 8, No. 3A revised two‐parameter moveout equation of PS converted‐waves in VTI mediaHengchand Dai and Xiang‐yang Li21 October 2010Reducing the uncertainty in the data processing of PS converted wavesHengchang Dai and Xiang‐Yang Li14 October 2009Converted-wave imaging in anisotropic media: theory and case studiesGeophysical Prospecting, Vol. 55, No. 3Characterization of layered anisotropic media from prestack PS-wave-reflection dataJason E. Gumble and James E. Gaiser11 September 2006 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 71, No. 5The effects of migration velocity errors on traveltime accuracy in prestack Kirchhoff time migration and the image of PS converted wavesHengchang Dai and Xiang-Yang Li6 March 2006 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 71, No. 2Accuracy of a simplified moveout formula for PS converted‐waves in multi‐layered mediaHengchang Dai and Xiang‐Yang Li7 December 2005Converted-wave seismology in anisotropic media revisited, Part I: Basic theoryApplied Geophysics, Vol. 2, No. 1 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2000ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 2000 Pages: 2484 publication data© 2000 Copyright © 2000 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 04 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION T. Cheret, R. Bale, and S. Leaney, (2000), "Parameterization of polar anisotropic moveout for converted waves," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 1181-1184. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1815601 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Arterial hemorrhage by pseudoaneurysms following pancreatoduodenectomy. (2005)

Experienced centers report reduced operative mortality after pancreatoduodenectomy for cancer, but significant complications continue to occur in as many as 25% of patients. Anastomotic disruption leads to sepsis in the pancreatic bed where major vascular structures have been exposed by regional lymphadenectomy, creating a setting for arterial erosion or ligature slough and massive hemorrhage. Dehiscence of the pancreatojejunostomy is a particular risk. We presented one patient with arterial hemorrhage from visceral artery pseudoaneurysm after pancreatoduodenectomy, who had had sentinel bleeding from the abdominal drains or gastrointestinal tract. Sentinel bleeding after pancreatoduodenectomy indicates local sepsis and probable anastomotic dehiscence. Recognition of its significance and prompt response may prevent exsanguination.
Performance Limitations in Vehicle Platoon Control (2013)

One of the major benefits of driving vehicles in controlled, close formations such as platoons is that of reduced air drag. However, this will set hard performance requirements on the system actuators, sensors and controllers of each vehicle. This paper analyses the effects of fundamental limitations on the longitudinal and lateral control performance of a platoon and the effects on following distance, perceived safety and fuel economy. The trade-off between minimizing fuel consumption and maintaining a safe following distance is analyzed and described. The analysis is based on fundamental properties of linear systems such as Bode's phase area relation. Design guidelines are proposed and results from vehicle testing are presented.
Heterogeneous integration: Optical receivers (2014)

Datacenters are demanding dramatic increases in the volume and density of optical interconnections, requiring multiple high performance lasers, modulators, and photodiodes in a single module to meet growing bandwidth needs along with dramatically lower power and cost. The heterogeneous integration of InP material into a silicon photonics wafer flow enables high performance integrated circuits to be fabricated using established silicon foundry infrastructure. Aurrion has established a library of photonic circuit elements which can be combined to form the single chip solutions for products like 100Gb/s transceivers needed for current and next generation datacenter applications. Here we will focus on the receiver portion of an integrated transceiver.
Archaeal ribosomal proteins possess nuclear localization signal-type motifs: implications for the origin of the cell nucleus (2019)

A bstract Eukaryotic cells are divided into the nucleus and the cytosol, and, to enter the nucleus, proteins typically possess short signal sequences, known as nuclear localization signals (NLSs). Although NLSs have long been considered as features unique to eukaryotic proteins, we show here that similar or identical protein segments are present in ribosomal proteins from the Archaea. Specifically, the ribosomal proteins uL3, uL15, uL18, and uS12 possess NLS-type motifs that are conserved across all major branches of the Archaea, including the most ancient groups Microarchaeota and Diapherotrites , pointing to the ancient origin of NLS-type motifs in the Archaea. Furthermore, by using fluorescence microscopy, we show that the archaeal NLS-type motifs can functionally substitute eukaryotic NLSs and direct the transport of ribosomal proteins into the nuclei of human cells. Collectively, these findings illustrate that the origin of NLSs preceded the origin of the cell nucleus, suggesting that the initial function of NLSs was not related to intracellular trafficking. Overall, our study reveals rare evolutionary intermediates among archaeal cells that can help elucidate the sequence of events that led to the origin of the eukaryotic cell.
The phage‐driven microbial loop in petroleum bioremediation (2010)

During the drilling process and transport of crude oil, water mixes with the petroleum. At oil terminals, the water settles to the bottom of storage tanks. This drainage water is contaminated with emulsified oil and water-soluble hydrocarbons and must be treated before it can be released into the environment. In this study, we tested the efficiency of a continuous flow, two-stage bioreactor for treating drainage water from an Israeli oil terminal. The bioreactor removed all of the ammonia, 93% of the sulfide and converted 90% of the total organic carbon (TOC) into carbon dioxide. SYBR Gold staining indicated that reactor 1 contained 1.7 × 10(8) bacteria and 3.7 × 10(8) phages per millilitre, and reactor 2 contained 1.3 × 10(8) bacteria and 1.7 × 10(9) phages per millilitre. The unexpectedly high mineralization of TOC and high concentration of phage in reactor 2 support the concept of a phage-driven microbial loop in the bioremediation of the drainage water. In general, application of this concept in bioremediation of contaminated water has the potential to increase the efficiency of processes.