gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In‐Memory Binary Vector–Matrix Multiplication Based on Complementary Resistive Switches (2020)

This work studies a computation in‐memory concept for binary multiply‐accumulate operations based on complementary resistive switches (CRS). By exploiting the in‐memory boolean exclusive OR (XOR) operation of single CRS devices, the Hamming Distance (HD) can be calculated if the center electrodes of multiple CRS cells are connected. This HD is linearly encoded in the voltage drop of the common electrode, and from it the result of a binary multiply‐accumulate operation can be calculated. A small‐scale demonstration is experimentally realized and the feasibility of the in‐memory computation concept is confirmed. A simulation study identifies the low resistance state (LRS) variability as the main reason for the variations in the output voltage. The application as a potential hardware accelerator for the inference step of binary neural networks is investigated. Therefore, a 1‐layer fully connected neural network is trained on a binarized version of the MNIST data set and the inference step of the test data set is simulated. The concept achieves a prediction accuracy of approximately 86%.
Energiamurroksen ennakoidut vaikutukset 2030: Kysynnänjoustojärjestelmät (2017)

Tämä julkaisu liittyy Suomen Akatemian strategisen tutkimuksen neuvoston rahoittamaan Smart Energy Transition (SET) -hankkeeseen (293405) (www.smartenergytransition.fi). SET-hanke tutkii, miten Suomi voi hyötyä hajautetun ja vaihtelevan uusiutuvan energian ympärille nousevista murroksellisista teknologioista. Kyse on ratkaisuista, joissa energiaa voidaan varastoida tai sen tarvetta ohjata vaihtelevan tuotannon mukaan. Näihin ratkaisuihin liittyvät olennaisesti uudet digitaaliset ratkaisut, kuten esineiden internet. Samalla murrokseen liittyy myös kehitys, jossa rakennusten ja liikenteen energian tarve pienenee, energiaomavaraisuus kasvaa, ja rakennukset ja liikennevälineet muodostavat yhä kiinteämmän osan energiajärjestelmää.
A Comparative Study of Electron and Ion Beam Induced Charge Imaging Techniques in CMOS Failure Analysis (1996)

Abstract The Ion Beam Induced Charge (IBIC) imaging technique is compared with the conventional Electron Beam Induced Current (EBIC) imaging. The IBIC images were found to be strongly dependent on the ion beam energy and ion beam induced degradation. EBIC images are influenced by overlying metal layers while in the case of IBIC, the choice of ion type and energy determine whether the overlying metal layers influence the IBIC image or not. Ion beam induced degradation, an undesirable feature, was found to be improving images in certain cases.
Realization of fictitious gain in human: Experimental verification on an elbow joint (2009)

Augmentation of human power is an important problem in the design of human assist devices such as an exoskeleton system. The overall system consisting of a human and an assistive device is a parallel control system that includes two controllers: the human brain and the assistive device controller. It has been postulated in a previous work that the motion control system of a human is regarded as a feedback control loop that consists of the brain, muscles, and the dynamics of the extended human body, and that the brain function is modeled as a control algorithm amplified by a fictitious gain. The fictitious gain compensates for characteristic changes in the muscle and dynamics. If the human is physically impaired or subjected to demanding work, the fictitious gain is increased to assist the human. The assistive device is controlled to augment human power, the amount of which is equivalent to the one attained by the fictitious gain. This paper presents the design and verification of an assistive device for elbow joint and the controller for the device based on the fictitious gain concept.
Listen to the parrot: Demonstrating the quality of online pitch and formant extraction via feature-based resynthesis (2008)

We present a system for online extraction of the fundamental frequency and the first four formant frequencies from a speech signal. In order to evaluate the performance of the extraction a resynthesis of the speech signal is performed. The resynthesis is based on the extracted frequencies and the energy of the input signal at the formant locations. The extraction of the fundamental frequency and the formants is robust against room echoes and interfering noise. In order to improve the robustness against background noise a noise reduction was implemented. Tests in three rooms of different size at varying distances to the system (up to 8 m yielding an SNR of approx. 0 dB) were performed.
Process and device for purifying liquids, especially water (1989)

Patent number: 88-AT70-8902418 Reference LPI-PATENT-1989-001Search for this record at the European Patent Office Record created on 2006-02-21, modified on 2017-05-12
Performance and Scale-up of Escherichia coli Fed-batch Processes- Oxygenation of the Human Growth Hormone Process (2001)

Performance and Scale-up of Escherichia coli Fed-batch Processes- Oxygenation of the Human Growth Hormone Process
Light-controlled optical bistable device by bistable laser diode and heterojunction phototransistor (1990)

A light-controlled optical bistable device composed of a bistable laser diode and a heterojunction phototransistor is proposed. It is experimentally shown that the device can operate with a low input power, a high ON-state output power and a wide response wavelength region.
Workshop on Fault Diagnosis and Tolerance in Cryptography-Cover (2007)

FDTC 2007 has official proceedings published by the IEEE-CS Press and includes two invited papers and eleven regular papers divided to sessions on Fault Attacks against Public Key Cryptosystems, Fault Attacks against ECC Implementations, Fault Attacks against AES implementations, and Countermeasures and Attack Techniques.
Nonisothermal Crystallization Behaviors of Nanocomposites Prepared by In Situ Polymerization of High-Density Polyethylene on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (2010)

Thermal properties and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of polyolefin nanocomposites (high-density polyethylene/multiwalled carbon nanotubes) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. In situ metallocence polymerization was used to prepare nanocomposites of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). This polymerization method consists of attaching a metallocene catalyst complex onto the surface of the MWCNTs followed by surface-initiated polymerization to generate polymer brushes on the surface. A kinetic equation for the nonisothermal crystallization was employed to analyze the crystallization characteristics of the nanocomposites. The Avramic exponent, n, can be reasonably well determined from the nonisothermal crystallization exotherm. The polarized optical microscopy showed that neat polyethylene possessed a well-developed spherulite morphology, whereas the nanocomposites displayed elongated entities that subsequently developed as bundlelike entities. Nonisothermal analysis implicitly provides clues about the morphological development history and HDPE molecular ordering around the carbon nanotubes.
Development of process monitoring tools for the uranium-plutonium separation and purification from spent nuclear fuel by liquid-liquid extraction (2019)

International audience
DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF CYTOTOXIC LYMPHOCYTE (CL) GENE EXPRESSION IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD LEUKOCYTES (PBL): CORRELATION WITH REJECTING RENAL ALLOGRAFTS (1998)

220 Background. We have previously shown that heightened expression of the cytotoxic lymphocyte (CL) effector genes perforin (P), granzyme B(GB), and Fas ligand (FasL), is closely correlated with acute allograft rejection, particularly when 2 or more target genes are upregulated. Methods. We used quantitative RT-PCR to analyze CL gene expression from peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) and concurrent renal allograft biopsies in 31 samples from 25 renal allograft recipients. Our aims were (1) to determine if the expression of CL gene expression in PBL correlates with expression of these genes in renal allograft biopsy tissue and (2) to determine if CL gene expression in PBL correlates with the histological diagnosis. Results. Coordinate gene expression in PBL and acutely rejected(AR) allografts was found in 9/11 (82%) for P, 7/11 (64%) for GB, and 10/11(91%) for FasL. Coordinate absence was found in 15/20 (75%) for P, 17/20(85%) for GB and 16/20 (80%) for FasL in non-rejected (NR) allografts. Furthermore, upregulation of any 2 genes in PBL correlated with pathological diagnosis of AR with excellent positive predictive value (100%) and upregulation of ≤ 1 gene identified NR with excellent negative (95%) predictive value. TableConclusion. CL gene expression in PBL correlates with intragraft expression. CL gene expression in PBL is reflective of intragraft processes with a high degree of accuracy. CL gene expression in PBL may serve as a less invasive method of diagnosing and monitoring renal allograft rejection.
Machine design considerations for an MHF/SPB-converter based electric drive (2014)

This paper identifies suitable phase/slot/pole combinations for fractional-slot concentrated winding (FSCW) permanent-magnet machines when forming an integrated electric drive together with a modular high frequency (MHF) converter or a stacked polyphase bridge (SPB) converter.
Mice lacking ghrelin receptors resist the development of diet-induced obesity (2005)

Ghrelin is the endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR; ghrelin receptor). Since its discovery, accumulating evidence has suggested that ghrelin may play a role in signaling and reversing states of energy insufficiency. For example, ghrelin levels rise following food deprivation, and ghrelin administration stimulates feeding and increases body weight and adiposity. However, recent loss-of-function studies have raised questions regarding the physiological significance of ghrelin in regulating these processes. Here, we present results of a study using a novel GHSR-null mouse model, in which ghrelin administration fails to acutely stimulate food intake or activate arcuate nucleus neurons. We show that when fed a high-fat diet, both female and male GHSR-null mice eat less food, store less of their consumed calories, preferentially utilize fat as an energy substrate, and accumulate less body weight and adiposity than control mice. Similar effects on body weight and adiposity were also observed in female, but not male, GHSR-null mice fed standard chow. GHSR deletion also affected locomotor activity and levels of glycemia. These findings support the hypothesis that ghrelin-responsive pathways are an important component of coordinated body weight control. Moreover, our data suggest that ghrelin signaling is required for development of the full phenotype of diet-induced obesity.
Synthesis of Y2O3:Bi3+,Eu3+ nanosheets from layered yttrium hydroxide precursor and their photoluminescence properties (2017)

Morphologies, photoluminescence properties, and photostability were characterized for Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>:Bi<sup>3+</sup>,Eu<sup>3+</sup> fluorescent nanosheets prepared through calcining solvothermally synthesized layered yttrium hydroxide precursors.
Polycarbosilane-derived SiC/single-walled carbon nanotube nanocomposites (2007)

One of the key issues for the development of high toughness carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced composites is the control of the interfacial bond between the CNT and the matrix. Here, we introduce a novel technique to facilitate the homogeneous coating of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) bundles with polycarbosilane (PCS)-derived SiC nanoparticles. The PCS dissolved in n-hexane was used as a precursor for SiC nanoparticles. The results obtained from XRD, TEM and EDXS analyses confirmed the formation of β-SiC nanoparticles of about 20 nm in diameter, which possessed a relatively homogeneous distribution on the SWCNT bundles. It was shown that the number of SiC nanoparticles per unit of SWCNT surface area could be adjusted by changing the weight ratio of PCS and SWCNTs. This approach may provide a useful route for the preparation of SiC/SWCNT nanocomposites that have a tunable interface property with the matrix and potentially with an enhanced anchor effect, which may have potential applications as a reinforcing element in CNT/ceramic composites.
Molybdenum complexes with polymer‐bound cysteine and their catalysis in acetylene reduction (1981)

Abstract Water soluble polymers with cysteine residues (Pcys) were synthesized by the copolymerization of S ‐benzyl‐ N ‐benzyloxycarbonyl‐4'‐vinyl‐L‐cysteineanilide and acrylic acid or methacrylic acid. These copolymers were reacted with Mo(V) 2 O to Mo(V)‐Pcys complexes with di‐μ‐oxo bridged binuclear structure. The absorption maximum of these complexes appears at 330 nm in aqueous solution. ESR study suggests that mononuclear Mo(III)‐Pcys complexes ( g = 1,997) are formed by reduction of Mo(V)‐Pcys complexes with NaBH 4 . These Mo(III)‐Pcys complexes are effective catalysts for the reduction of acetylene in the presence of NaBH 4 and their catalytic activities are 2—3 times greater than that of the corresponding low molecular weight Mocysteine complex. The higher activity of the polymer complexes is explained by the enhancement of the proportion of monomuclear species due to the stretching of the polymer chain caused by the electrostatic repulsions between the carboxyl anions on the side chains.
Doublecortin-like kinase 1 promotes hepatocyte clonogenicity and oncogenic programming via non-canonical β-catenin-dependent mechanism (2020)

Chronic liver injury is a risk factor for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The molecular mechanisms that regulate the decision between normal injury repair and neoplastic initiation are unclear. Doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1), a tumor stem cell marker, is induced during cirrhosis and HCC. Here, we demonstrate that DCLK1-overexpressing primary human hepatocytes formed spheroids in suspension cultures. Spheroids derived from DCLK1-overexpressing hepatoma cells showed high level expression of active β-catenin, α-fetoprotein, and SOX9, suggesting that DCLK1 overexpression induces clonogenicity and dedifferentiated phenotypes in hepatoma cells. DCLK1 overexpression in hepatoma cells also increased phosphorylation of GSK-3β at Ser<sup>9</sup>. This was associated with an induction of a 48-kDa active β-catenin with a preserved hypophosphorylated N-terminus that interacted with nuclear TCF-4 resulting in luciferase reporter activity and cyclin D1 expression. DCLK1 downregulation inhibited 48-kDa β-catenin expression. The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib did not block the 48-kDa β-catenin, instead, caused a threefold accumulation, suggesting a proteasome-independent mechanism. Liver tissues from patients with cirrhosis and HCC revealed epithelial co-staining of DCLK1 and active β-catenin, and cleaved E-cadherin. Repopulated DCLK1-overexpressing primary human hepatocytes in humanized FRG mouse livers demonstrated active β-catenin. In conclusion, DCLK1 regulates oncogenic signaling and clonogenicity of hepatocytes by a novel non-canonical/atypical β-catenin-dependent mechanism.
AAV9-TAZ Gene Replacement Ameliorates Cardiac TMT Proteomic Profiles in a Mouse Model of Barth Syndrome (2019)

Barth syndrome (BTHS) is a rare mitochondrial disease that causes severe cardiomyopathy and has no disease-modifying therapy. It is caused by recessive mutations in the gene tafazzin (<i>TAZ</i>), which encodes tafazzin-an acyltransferase that remodels the inner mitochondrial membrane lipid cardiolipin. To identify novel mechanistic pathways involved in BTHS and evaluate the effects of gene therapy on proteomic profiles, we performed a multiplex tandem mass tagging (TMT) quantitative proteomics analysis to compare protein expression profiles from heart lysates isolated from BTHS, healthy wild-type (WT), and BTHS treated with adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9)-<i>TAZ</i> gene replacement as neonates or adults. 197 proteins with ≥2 unique peptides were identified. Of these, 91 proteins were significantly differentially expressed in BTHS compared to WT controls. Cause-effect relationships between tafazzin deficiency and altered protein profiles were confirmed through demonstrated significant improvements in expression levels following administration of AAV9-<i>TAZ</i>. The importance of TMEM65 in Cx43 localization to cardiac intercalated discs was revealed as a novel consequence of tafazzin deficiency that was improved following gene therapy. This study identifies novel mechanistic pathways involved in the pathophysiology of BTHS, demonstrates the ability of gene delivery to improve protein expression profiles, and provides support for clinical translation of AAV9-<i>TAZ</i> gene therapy.
The Degradation of Electrical Contact Resistance of Metal Films at Low Contact Force (2004)

The quality of electrical contact resistance is important to the performance and reliability of metal-contact microelectromechanical system (MEMS) relays and switches. The cyclic degradation of contact resistance was examined for a metal multilayer sphere-on-flat contact at low contact force. The relationships between the degradation and underlying mechanisms, particularly surface contamination effects, were investigated through experimentation and analysis. Results indicated that the degradation severity could be significantly decreased with environmental control and contact current reduction. Micro-arcs at very small surface gaps, which can decompose adsorbed contaminants and leave an insulating surface film, were proposed as a cause of the resistance degradation.
Inactive p53 mutants may enhance the transcriptional activity of wild-type p53. (1993)

The p53 mutants 248Trp, 175His, and 281Gly fail to activate transcription mediated by p53CON element (GGACATGCCCGGGCATGTCC) or the ribosomal gene cluster element (ACGTTTGCCTTGCCTGGACTTGCCTGGCCTTGCCTT). We studied the effect of these inactive p53 mutants on the transcriptional activity of wild-type p53 by cotransfection of both wild-type and mutant p53 expression vectors into p53-null K562 chronic myelogenous leukemia cells. The p53 mutants enhanced the p53CON-mediated gene expression of wild-type p53 but decreased the wild-type p53-activated transcription mediated by ribosomal gene cluster. Thus, p53CON and ribosomal gene cluster represent distinct p53-binding elements. Furthermore, p53 mutants may affect the transcriptional activity of wild-type p53 in either a dominant positive or a dominant negative manner, depending on the binding element present.
Quantitation of metal cations bound to membranes and extracted lipopolysaccharide of Escherichia coli (1983)

Inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy was used to quantitate the metal cations bound to outer and cytoplasmic membranes and to extracted lipopolysaccharide from several Escherichia coli K12 strains. The outer membrane was found to be enriched in both calcium and magnesium relative to the cytoplasmic membrane. Both membranes contained significant levels of iron, aluminum, and zinc. The multivalent cation content of the lipopolysaccharide resembled that of the intact outer membrane. Lipopolysaccharide extracted from wild-type k12 strains contained higher levels of Mg than Ca regardless of the growth medium, but the medium used for growth did affect the relative amounts of bound Mg as well as the levels of the minor cations iron, aluminum, and zinc. In contrast, lipopolysaccharide isolated from a deep rough mutant strain, D21f2, contained more Ca than Mg. Electrodialysis of lipopolysaccharide from wild-type k12 strains removed 1 mol of Mg per mol of lipopolysaccharide but did not significantly affect the level of other bound metal ions. Dialysis of lipopolysaccharide against sodium (ethylenedinitrilo)tetraacetate removed most of the Mg and Ca, resulting in a sodium salt. The equimolar replacement of divalent cations with sodium in the sodium salt resulted in a net loss of counterion change. The sodium salt was dialyzed against either tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane hydrochloride, CaCl2, MgCl2, or TbCl3, and the resulting lipopolysaccharide salts were analyzed for their ionic composition. It was shown that tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane and Ca can replace some but not all of the Na bound to the sodium salt, but all of the other multivalent cations tested replaced Na, resulting in uniform lipopolysaccharide salts. Lipopolysaccharide isolated from the deep rough mutant strain D21f2 was also converted into a sodium salt. Relative to the wild-type lipopolysaccharide, Na was able to neutralize the anionic charge to a greater extent in the mutant lipopolysaccharide. Our results suggest that the loss of specific groups in the core region of the lipopolysaccharide from the mutant strain results in a more open structure that allows the binding of larger cations and of more monovalent cations.
Admittance Control Method Achieving Steady Contact (2008)

This paper is concerned with the human-robot system such as power assist system based on the position-controlbased impedance control (admittance control) . The system has two force inputs from the operator and the environment, which may cause the vibratory behavior when the robot comes in contact with the environment. It is because the operational force and the contact force do not balance due to the noise, error, delay and so on. This paper proposes the admittance control with two inputs that achieves steady contact with an environment by modifying the contact force information. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through several experiments.
Effect of reducing specific activity of [177Lu]-DKFZ-PSMA617 on uptake in the tumor, salivary gland and kidney (2020)

230 Objectives: Peptide based radiotherapeutic agents targeting prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) such [177Lu]-DKFZ-PSMA617 ([177Lu]-PSMA617), [177Lu]-PSMA-I&T, [131I]-MIP-1095, [225Ac]-DKFZ-PSMA617 have emerged as leading candidates for treating metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer. Patients undergoing therapies with [177Lu]-PSMA617 or [225Ac]-PSMA617 have experienced high grade xerostomia and medium to low grade nephropathy arising due to salivary gland and kidney toxicity. Using [68Ga]-PSMA11 we demonstrated that by lowering apparent specific activity (ASA) we observed significant reduction in renal uptake without affecting the tumor uptake (1). Here in we present our data on the effect of reducing ASA of [177Lu]-PSMA617 on the tumor, salivary gland and kidney uptake.
 Methods: [177Lu]-PSMA617 was synthesized using established protocol and the apparent specific activity of the product was varied by adding cold ligand DKFZ-PSMA11. Athymic nude mice (n=20) bearing PC3-PIP (PSMA+) tumor xenografts were administered 277 kBq (7.5 µCi) of [177Lu]-PSMA617 at ASA’s of 0.3, 0.15, 0.03, 0.007, 0.0036 and 0.0018 mCi/nmol. Terminal biodistribution studies were conducted 1 h post administration to determine mean uptake in organs (%ID/g).
 Results: Biodistribution studies revealed that [177Lu]-PSMA617 uptake in PC3-PIP tumors were 21.83±6.21, 18.7±2.01, 26.52±2.9, 16.17±3.7, 13.52±3.68, and 12.18±1.68 %ID/g at ASA’s of 0.3, 0.15, 0.03, 0.007 and 0.0036 and 0.0018 mCi/nmol respectively. Corresponding kidney uptake values were 123.14±52.52, 132.31±47.4, 84.29±78.25, 2.189±1.85, 1.16±0.36, 0.65±0.23 %ID/g, respectively. Corresponding salivary gland uptake values were 0.57±0.16, 0.45±0.15, 0.41±0.3, 0.11±0.03, 0.23±0.23, 0.08±0.03 % ID/g, respectively. Conclusions: These studies establish that salivary gland and kidney uptake can be drastically reduced without affecting tumor uptake of 177Lu-PSMA617 simply by reducing its specific activity. These studies provide proof of concept solutions for xerostomia and renal toxicity arising from [177Lu]-PSMA617.
References: Pillarsetty N, et al. J Nucl Med 2016 vol. 57 (supplement_2), 528.