gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Off-Patent Drug Repositioning (2020)

Drug repositioning aims to reuse "old" drugs to treat diseases outside their approved indication(s). Composition-of-matter patents and FDA exclusivities can hinder the immediate availability of some drugs to be repositioned (repurposed). Here, we analyze data from the FDA Orange Book and use current on-market patent validity and exclusivities to classify drugs into on-patent (ONP), off-patent (OFP), and off-market (OFM) sets. In the absence of an unanimously accepted definition for small molecules, these sets include organic molecules and peptides with molecular weight between 100 and 1250, which resulted in 237 ONP drugs, 320 OFM, and 996 OFP drugs, respectively. We discuss the differences between the three categories in terms of primary molecular properties, chemical diversity, mechanism-of-action target classes, and therapeutic areas and comment on the enrichment of OFP drugs in the near future. Given the intellectual property landscape, and in the absence of specific property rights, we suggest that drugs should be prioritized as follows, to improve the repositioning strategy: (i) OFP, (ii) OFM, and (iii) ONP, respectively.
Frontal lesions predict response to prism adaptation treatment in spatial neglect: A randomised controlled study (2018)

Spatial neglect commonly follows right hemisphere stroke. It is defined as impaired contralesional stimulus detection, response, or action, causing functional disability. While prism adaptation treatment is highly promising to promote functional recovery of spatial neglect, not all individuals respond. Consistent with a primary effect of prism adaptation on spatial movements, we previously demonstrated that functional improvement after prism adaptation treatment is linked to frontal lobe lesions. However, that study was a treatment-only study with no randomised control group. The current study randomised individuals with spatial neglect to receive 10 days of prism adaptation treatment or to receive only standard care (control group). Replicating our earlier results, we found that the presence of frontal lesions moderated response to prism adaptation treatment: among prism-treated patients, only those with frontal lesions demonstrated functional improvements in their neglect symptoms. Conversely, among individuals in the standard care control group, the presence of frontal lesions did not modify recovery. These results suggest that further research is needed on how frontal lesions may predict response to prism adaptation treatment. Additionally, the results help elucidate the neural network involved in spatial movement and could be used to aid decisions about treatment.
TACT: Mobile Terminal for Session Manipulation (2004)

Wireless networking is becoming anytime and everywhere, but it is still hard to communicate between computing objects. If a user can easily make a connection between the user’s terminal and surrounding computers, the user can temporarily utilize the computers’ resources, including a display or a camera. There are many projects tackling this problem, but the user operation issue still remained unsolved. This paper describes TACT, a newly created mobile device as a general interaction tool for ubiquitous computing environments. It is dedicated to operate various kinds of sessions, e.g. voice telecommunication and file transfers between remote/surrounding computers. A user with TACT can manipulate the endpoints of a certain session. This paper also shows a system that provides easy-to-use operations to start a videoconference. It clarifies that transferring the addresses of surrounding computers through an established voice session is useful to realize interaction in ubiquitous computing environments.
Introduction to the Special Issue on Silicon Photonics (2010)

The 39 papers in this special issue focus on the field of silicon photonics.
Design of throughput-optimized arrays from recurrence abstractions (2010)

Many compute-bound applications have seen order-of-magnitude speedups using special-purpose accelerators. FPGAs in particular are good at implementing recurrence equations realized as arrays. Existing high-level synthesis approaches for recurrence equations produce an array that is latency-space optimal. We target applications that operate on a large collection of small inputs, e.g. a database of biological sequences, where overall throughput is the most important measure of performance. In this work, we introduce a new design-space exploration procedure within the polyhedral framework to optimize throughput of a systolic array subject to area and bandwidth constraints of an FPGA device. Our approach is to exploit additional parallelism by pipelining multiple inputs on an array and multiple iteration vectors in a processing element. We prove that the throughput of an array is given by the inverse of the maximum number of iteration vectors executed by any processor in the array, which is determined solely by the array's projection vector. We have applied this observation to discover novel arrays for Nussinov RNA folding. Our throughput-optimized array is 2× faster than the standard latency-space optimal array, yet it uses 15% fewer LUT resources. We achieve a further 2× speedup by processor pipelining, with only a 37% increase in resources. Our tool suggests additional arrays that trade area for throughput and are 4-5× faster than the currently used latency-optimized array. These novel arrays are 70-172× faster than a software baseline.
Tissue Engineering for In Vitro Analysis of Matrix Metalloproteinases in the Pathogenesis of Keloid Lesions (2013)

MMP9 and MMP13 are expressed significantly more in keloid-derived cells, thus making them 2 potential targets for disease modification. Molecules that target organization of the lesion's matrix can be beneficial in downregulating increased markers during the disease. In addition, heterogeneity is observed with the varying MMP gene expressions from site-specific fibroblasts within the same keloid lesion.
ASSESSING THE SAFETY PERFORMANCE OF OCCUPANT RESTRAINT SYSTEMS. IN: SEAT BELTS: THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN ESSENTIAL SAFETY FEATURE (2003)

The paper reports on an investigation of approaches to evaluate the performance of safety systems in crash tests and by analytical simulations. An additional focus of the study was on biomechanical criteria and performance measures which could augment FMVSS 208 criteria as well as alternative ways to evaluate dummy responses rather than by comparison to a tolerance level. Dummy responses from barrier crash and sled tests were also analyzed to gain additional information on the performance of restraint systems. The obtained data was used to determine the effectiveness of occupant restraint from velocity buildup, called the Restraint Quotient. The option and velocity criteria determined from the restraint quotient program were useful in complementing the biomechanical criteria to assess injury. They may also be helpful in determining the crash performance of restraint systems, supplements, and enhancements.
Increased incidence of disease transformation and development of MDS/AML in Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM) patients treated with nucleoside analogues (2007)

8018 Background: WM is an indolent B-cell lymphoma. NA are widely used in the treatment of WM, and are considered as appropriate first line agents for the treatment of WM (Gertz et al, Semin Oncol 2003; Treon et al, Blood 2006). Increased incidences of disease transformation and development of MDS/AML have been observed among patients with indolent B-cell malignancies receiving NA. We therefore sought to delineate the incidence for these events in a large population of WM patients treated at our institution. Methods: 326 previously treated patients with the consensus panel definition of WM, who received treatment with (n=173) or without (n=153) a NA were included in this analysis. Baseline characteristics between NA and non-NA treated patients were not significantly different and were as follows: median age 59 years; male/female ratio 1.4; median B 2 M 2.9 mg/L; serum IgM 3,000 mg/dL; BM involvement 40%; Hct 34%; WBC 5,100/ul, and PLT count 243,000/ul. For patients receiving NA, treatment consisted of either fludarabine (n=117; 68%), cladribine (n=48; 27%) or both (n=8; 5%). For non-NA treated patients, therapy included chlorambucil, rituximab, CVP, CHOP, thalidomide, and cyclophosphamide alone or in combination with rituximab, and alemtuzumab. Median follow-up of patients was 64 (range 10–270) months. Results: Among NA treated patients, 10 (5.7%) patients had transformation to an aggressive NHL (to DLBCL) (n=7; 4%) or developed MDS/AML (n=3; 1.7%). Disease transformation and development of MDS/AML occurred at a median time of 48 (range 7–114), and 48 (range 38–52) months following NA treatment, respectively. In contrast, among non-NA treated patients, only 1 patient demonstrated disease transformation (to DLBCL) at 10 months and no patients developed AML/MDS (p=0.025). Conclusions: These data demonstrate an increased incidence of disease transformation and development of MDS/AML among WM patients treated with NA. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Design principles for photonic crystals based on plasmonic nanoparticle superlattices (2018)

Photonic crystals have been widely studied due to their broad technological applications in lasers, sensors, optical telecommunications, and display devices. Typically, photonic crystals are periodic structures of touching dielectric materials with alternating high and low refractive indices, and to date, the variables of interest have focused primarily on crystal symmetry and the refractive indices of the constituent materials, primarily polymers and semiconductors. In contrast, finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulations suggest that plasmonic nanoparticle superlattices with spacer groups offer an alternative route to photonic crystals due to the controllable spacing of the nanoparticles and the high refractive index of the lattices, even far away from the plasmon frequency where losses are low. Herein, the stopband features of 13 Bravais lattices are characterized and compared, resulting in paradigm-shifting design principles for photonic crystals. Based on these design rules, a simple cubic structure with an ∼130-nm lattice parameter is predicted to have a broad photonic stopband, a property confirmed by synthesizing the structure via DNA programmable assembly and characterizing it by reflectance measurements. We show through simulation that a maximum reflectance of more than 0.99 can be achieved in these plasmonic photonic crystals by optimizing the nanoparticle composition and structural parameters.
A Compact Antenna for IoT Applications Operable even in Close Proximity to a Metal (2018)

A compact antenna for IoT applications is presented, which can operate 2.4 GHz band. The proposed antenna is comprised of a Double Folded Loop (DFL) antenna. A DFL antenna has connection points at the quarter wavelength from the feed point. These connection points connect between the inner and outer loop antenna. To realize the compact antenna, we use a dielectric substrate and via holes to bend the DFL antenna. It has a total size of 37 × 20 × 1 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> , The radiation efficiency of a DFL antenna is higher than 6 dB as compared with the half wavelength dipole antenna in close proximity to a metal. The simulated and measured results of the proposed antenna prove that the realized gain is more than -1 dBi independent of the metal distance. Moreover, the proposed antenna can operate even if the metal is close to the front side or the back side.
NE-Motion: Visual Analysis of Stroke Patients Using Motion Sensor Networks (2021)

A large number of stroke survivors suffer from a significant decrease in upper extremity (UE) function, requiring rehabilitation therapy to boost recovery of UE motion. Assessing the efficacy of treatment strategies is a challenging problem in this context, and is typically accomplished by observing the performance of patients during their execution of daily activities. A more detailed assessment of UE impairment can be undertaken with a clinical bedside test, the UE Fugl-Meyer Assessment, but it fails to examine compensatory movements of functioning body segments that are used to bypass impairment. In this work, we use a graph learning method to build a visualization tool tailored to support the analysis of stroke patients. Called NE-Motion, or Network Environment for Motion Capture Data Analysis, the proposed analytic tool handles a set of time series captured by motion sensors worn by patients so as to enable visual analytic resources to identify abnormalities in movement patterns. Developed in close collaboration with domain experts, NE-Motion is capable of uncovering important phenomena, such as compensation while revealing differences between stroke patients and healthy individuals. The effectiveness of NE-Motion is shown in two case studies designed to analyze particular patients and to compare groups of subjects.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of (−)-Laulimalide Analogues (2003)

[reaction: see text] The syntheses of five laulimalide analogues are described, incorporating modifications at the C(16)-C(17)-epoxide, the C(20)-alcohol, as well as the C(1)-C(3)-enoate of the parent natural product. The resultant analogues are active in drug-sensitive HeLa and MDA-MB-435 cell lines. Significantly, like laulimalide, these analogues are poor substrates for the drug transport protein P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and are thus effective against Taxol-resistant cell lines.
Water Transport Visualization and Two-Phase Pressure Drop Measurements in a Simulated PEMFC Cathode Minichannel (2005)

Two-phase flow and water transport in a 1.08 mm hydraulic diameter by 25-cm long gas-transport minichannel are investigated. High-speed side-view images are obtained of water droplets moving through gas diffusion media (GDM) and into a gas channel. This system simulates water transport and the flow of air and water in a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) cathode gas channel. Advancing and receding contact angles and departure droplet diameters are measured with respect to superficial gas velocity for two GDM samples. Pressure drop is measured and compared to two-phase pressure drop correlations for three different water flow and five different airflow rates, and channel-water and GDM-water interactions are described.
HV Energy Store in Organic Composite Dielectrics for Compact Pulsed Power (2008)

With the aim of developing novel planar transmission lines that improve prospects for compact pulsed power, the ECE Department at the University of New Mexico (UNM) has played an important role in a collaborative research project with Sienna Technologies, Inc. supported by DoE. In future envisioned pulsed power-driven systems on mobile platforms it is well know that ceramic dielectrics with large iquest have great potential for decreasing the volume required for the system. Such ceramic dielectrics are also important for higher energy density capacitors. Unfortunately, ceramics with higher dielectric constant normally have lower breakdown strength (< 1.0 MV/cm) compared with organic materials or thermoplastic materials. In view of this, to achieve high energy densities (> 0.5 J/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ) in dielectrics the present trend consists of casting in a mold a composite material composed of granulated ceramic embedded in an organic dielectric matrix. In an effort to accomplish this, Sienna Technologies has been responsible for fabrication of the ceramic composite samples while UNM has been performing pulsed breakdown characterization. In addition, another objective of this work is to investigate the behavior of the dielectric constant of the composite material as ceramic materials generally present a nonlinear dependence, i.e., epsiv varies as a function of the applied voltage. There has been a paucity of research on this nonlinear behavior for ceramic composites and it is necessary to understand the epsiv variation for two basic applications in pulsed power: linear & nonlinear transmission lines (NLTLs).
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Augmentation in Overweight or Obese Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Physiologic Study (2023)

MIB-626 administration in overweight or obese, middle-aged and older adults safely increased circulating NAD levels, and significantly reduced total LDL and non-HDL cholesterol, body weight, and diastolic blood pressure. These data provide the rationale for larger trials to assess the efficacy of NAD augmentation in improving cardiometabolic outcomes in older adults.
127. THE EFFECT OF THE POSTERIOR BUNDLE OF THE MEDIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT ON ELBOW STABILITY (2011)

Purpose: The role of the posterior bundle of the medial collateral ligament (PMCL) in stability of the elbow remains poorly defined. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sectioning the PMCL on the stability of the elbow. Method: Varus and valgus gravity-loaded passive elbow motion and simulated active vertical elbow motion were performed on 11 cadaveric arms. An in-vitro elbow motion simulator, utilizing computer-controlled pneumatic actuators and servo-motors sutured to tendons, was used to simulate active elbow flexion. Varus/valgus angle and internal/external rotation of the ulna with respect to the humerus were recorded using an electromagnetic tracking system. Testing was performed on the intact elbow and following sectioning of the PMCL. Results: With active flexion in the vertical position the varus/valgus kinematics were unchanged after PMCL sectioning (p=0.08). However, with the forearm in pronation, there was a significant increase in internal rotation after PMCL sectioning compared to the intact elbow (p Conclusion: These results indicate that isolated sectioning of the PMCL causes a small increase in varus angulation and internal rotation during both passive varus and active vertical flexion. This study suggests that isolated sectioning of the PMCL may not be completely benign and may contribute to varus and rotation instability of the elbow. In patients with insufficiency of the PMCL appropriate rehabilitation protocols (avoiding forearm pronation and shoulder abduction) should be followed when other injuries permit.
Minimars magnet system (1986)

Viewgraphs of the various magnet assemblies are given. Specifications for each coil are included. (MOW)
[The use of highly polymorphic DNA systems in the demonstration of mixed chimerism following bone marrow transplantation]. (1991)

The demonstration of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the highly polymorphic systems MS1, MS31, g3, and MS43 to detect mixed chimerism after bone marrow transplantation is discussed. Degree of heterozygosity, somatic stability and sensitivity are the parameters investigated to demonstrate the practicability of this method. Examples of mixed chimerism after bone marrow transplantation are shown.
VTS 2011 Best Paper Award (2012)

Each year, VTS proudly presents the Best Paper Award to the author(s) of the most outstanding paper from those presented at the previous year's symposium. The candidates for this honor are initially selected based solely on the numerical ratings of the reviewers and symposium attendees, as recorded on the review forms and the session rating cards. The Best Paper Award Judges then carefully review the candidate papers as published in the proceedings. The judges provide numerical scores and comments for each candidate paper. The scores and comments are compiled to select the best paper.
Functional modulation of the human voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.8 by auxiliary β subunits (2020)

The voltage-gated sodium channel Na<sub>v</sub>1.8 mediates the tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) Na<sup>+</sup> current in nociceptive primary sensory neurons, which has an important role in the transmission of painful stimuli. Here, we describe the functional modulation of the human Na<sub>v</sub>1.8 α-subunit in <i>Xenopus</i> oocytes by auxiliary β subunits. We found that the β3 subunit down-regulated the maximal Na<sup>+</sup> current amplitude and decelerated recovery from inactivation of hNa<sub>v</sub>1.8, whereas the β1 and β2 subunits had no such effects. The specific regulation of Na<sub>v</sub>1.8 by the β3 subunit constitutes a potential novel regulatory mechanism of the TTX-R Na<sup>+</sup> current in primary sensory neurons with potential implications in chronic pain states. In particular, neuropathic pain states are characterized by a down-regulation of Na<sub>v</sub>1.8 accompanied by increased expression of the β3 subunit. Our results suggest that these two phenomena may be correlated, and that increased levels of the β3 subunit may directly contribute to the down-regulation of Na<sub>v</sub>1.8. To determine which domain of the β3 subunit is responsible for the specific regulation of hNa<sub>v</sub>1.8, we created chimeras of the β1 and β3 subunits and co-expressed them with the hNa<sub>v</sub>1.8 α-subunit in <i>Xenopus</i> oocytes. The intracellular domain of the β3 subunit was shown to be responsible for the down-regulation of maximal Na<sub>v</sub>1.8 current amplitudes. In contrast, the extracellular domain mediated the effect of the β3 subunit on hNa<sub>v</sub>1.8 recovery kinetics.
Preparation of synthetic human islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) in a stable conformation to enable study of conversion to amyloid‐like fibrils (2000)

Human synthetic islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) is rapidly converted to beta-sheet conformation and fibrils in aqueous media. Optimal solubility conditions for hIAPP were determined by circular dichroism spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. hIAPP in trifluoroethanol or hexafluoro-2-isopropanol (HFIP) diluted in water or phosphate buffer (PB) exhibited random structure which was converted to beta-sheet and fibrils with time. hIAPP, solubilised in HFIP, filtered and lyophilised remained in stable random structure for up to 7 days in water; in PB, insoluble aggregates precipitated from which protofilaments and fibrils formed with time. This suggests that amorphous aggregates of hIAPP could initiate islet amyloidosis in vivo.
Multi-version memory: software cache management for concurrent B-trees (2002)

The authors describe a new concurrent B-tree algorithm. The algorithm is designed to work well in large-scale parallel or distributed systems in which the number of processors sharing the tree is large or the communication delay between processors (or between processors and the global memory for a shared-memory system) is large relative to the speed of local computation. The basis of the algorithm is an abstraction that is similar to coherent shared memory, but provides a weaker semantics; this abstraction is called multiversion memory. Multi-version memory uses caches but weakens the semantics of ordinary shared memory by allowing process reading data to be given an old version of the data. This semantics is adequate for the non-leaf nodes in the B-tree algorithms presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Coordination-Driven Self-Assembly Directs a Single-Crystal-to-Single-Crystal Transformation that Exhibits Photocontrolled Fluorescence (2004)

Coordination-driven self-assembly is employed to direct a single-crystal-to-single-crystal [2 + 2] photodimerization that exhibits tunable fluorescence.
A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 1 Study of a Replication-Defective Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Type 2 Vaccine, HSV529, in Adults With or Without HSV Infection (2019)

NCT01915212.