gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Disordered Carbon Anode for Lithium-Ion Battery (2005)

The authors investigated mechanisms for an interfacial reversible surface redox action and a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation based on LiF with surface topology changes for a disordered carbon electrode in . The electrochemical reaction mechanism that delivers a large capacity was found to occur differently in two potential regions, region A (1.4 to 0.4 V) and B (0.4 to 0.0 V). During the reversible process in region A, a lithium alkoxide (C-OLi) is formed on the carbonyl edge planes as solvated lithium complex of the (, 2, or 3). The formation of the lithium alkoxide traps solvents on the edge surfaces preventing further intrusion into stacked graphene sheets, that in turn suppresses a exfoliation and stabilized repeated redox cycles. In region A, a and a LiF are formed as an SEI film by the reduction of solvents and making a smooth surface. region B involves three parallel processes, viz., a lithium intercalation into graphene layers, a lithium metal cluster deposition at nanosized voids or pores, and a formation of LiF by disproportionation of the C-OLi formed at region A. Since the LiF is produced rapidly by a proposed repeated cycle, the electrode surface generates a rough anomalous topology.
Determination of Stability Constants of U(VI)−Fe(III)−Citrate Complexes (2005)

Ion-exchange experiments were performed to evaluate the formation of the uranium-citrate and uranium-iron-citrate complexes over a wide concentration range; i.e., environmentally relevant concentrations (e.g., 10(-6) M in metal and ligand) and concentrations useful for spectroscopic investigations (e.g., 10(-4) M in metal and ligand). The stability of the well-known uranium-citrate complex was determined to validate the computational and experimental methods applied to the more complex system. Values of the conditional stability constants for these species were obtained using a chemical equilibrium model in FITEQL. At a pH of 4.0, the stability constant for uranium-citrate complex (log beta1,1) was determined to be 8.71+/-0.6 at I = 0. Analysis of the results of ion-exchange experiments for the U-Fe-citric acid system indicates the formation of the 1:1:1 and 1:1:2 ternary species with stability constants (log beta) of 17.10+/-0.41 and 20.47+/-0.31, respectively, at I= 0.
MKG-Notfälle erkennen und behandeln – Teil 2: Trauma & Atemwegsverlegungen (2022)

Was tun bei Kiefergelenkluxation? Was ist ein avulsierter Zahn und wie wird dieser behandelt? Und welche Besonderheiten können während des Atemwegsmanagements bei Notfällen in der MKG-Chirurgie auftreten? Zum Grundrepertoire eines Notfallmediziners sollte auch das Erkennen von medizinischen Notfallsituationen im MKG-Bereich gehören. Relevante Notfälle können schnell lebensbedrohlich werden oder Verletzungsmuster aufweisen, die eine aufwendige sekundäre Rekonstruktion des funktionell und ästhetisch wichtigen Gesichtsbereichs erfordern, wenn keine adäquate primäre Versorgung erfolgte. Mit solchen Notfällen und empfohlenen Behandlungen mit Fokus auf die Notaufnahme beschäftigt sich dieser zweite Teil des Beitrags (erster Teil „Entzündungen und Blutungen“ 1).
Texture changes in frozen cod mince measured by low-field nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1997)

Studies were carried out on changes in water proton relaxation, Instron parameters, dimethylamine (DMA) content and sensory texture scores during storage of cod mince at -10°C, -20°C and -70°C. The longest transverse proton relaxation time measured by pulsed low-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy increased with temperature and duration of frozen storage. These variations in the NMR parameter paralleled changes observed with analytical methods commonly used for evaluating fish texture, ie Instron measurements, as well as dimethylamine and sensory analyses. It is concluded that the NMR method can be an alternative tool to study textural modifications of cod during frozen storage. © 1997 SCI.
Resolving Wall Ambiguities Using Angular Diverse Synthetic Arrays (2007)

Model-based algorithms that attempt to localize targets and estimate the structure within a building using data from external sensors have received much attention in recent years. The potential benefits to homeland security and urban warfare are exceedingly apparent. Accurately estimating the thickness and dielectric constant of the exterior wall could prove to be a critical first step in determining the layout within, i.e., the location of interior walls, doorways, stairwells, etc. However, data collection using a linear sensor arrangement yields an ambiguous two dimensional objective function for the wall parameters, rendering maximum likelihood methods ineffective. We show that a spatially diverse aperture obviates the wall parameter ambiguity and allows accurate estimation of thickness and permittivity using dynamic logic, an iterative model-based approach to maximum likelihood.
Synthesis and functional analysis of phenyl‐end‐blocked poly(methyl methacrylate) with N,N′‐dimethyl‐N,N′‐bis(phenethyl)thiuram disulfide as a thermal iniferter (1994)

Abstract Phenyl‐end‐blocked poly(methyl methacrylate) was synthesized by bulk polymerization of methyl methacrylate by a new functional iniferter, viz., N , N ′‐dimethyl‐ N , N ‐bis(phenethyl)‐thiuram disulfide by thermal polymerization. The iniferter was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, ultraviolet, infrared, 1 H and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR). Some kinetic parameters like rate of polymerization, variation in the molecular weight and transfer constants as a function of iniferter concentration in the temperature range between 55°C and 100°C have been studied. The rate of polymerization increased with increasing temperature but passed through a maximum with respect to the iniferter concentration. The rate did not follow straight‐line behaviour with respect to iniferter concentration as usually found with alkylthiuram disulfides. The chain transfer due to iniferter exhibited the usual temperature dependence, and the activation energy was of the same order of magnitude as for the aliphatic thiuram disulfide. Spectral and thermal analyses of the resultant polymers confirmed the terminal functionalization of the polymer chains.
Robust Pulse Rate From Chrominance-Based rPPG (2013)

Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) enables contactless monitoring of the blood volume pulse using a regular camera. Recent research focused on improved motion robustness, but the proposed blind source separation techniques (BSS) in RGB color space show limited success. We present an analysis of the motion problem, from which far superior chrominance-based methods emerge. For a population of 117 stationary subjects, we show our methods to perform in 92% good agreement ( ±1.96σ) with contact PPG, with RMSE and standard deviation both a factor of 2 better than BSS-based methods. In a fitness setting using a simple spectral peak detector, the obtained pulse-rate for modest motion (bike) improves from 79% to 98% correct, and for vigorous motion (stepping) from less than 11% to more than 48% correct. We expect the greatly improved robustness to considerably widen the application scope of the technology.
On-road carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon remote sensing in the Chicago area. Final report (1991)

1. Slices of rat's forebrain, 400 micron thick, have been cut and maintained in a bath perfused with warm oxygenated Krebs solution. Records were made with extracellular micropipettes of the neural responses to local stimulation of the cortex itself or the underlying white matter. 2. Single stimuli at either of these sites could produce an all-or-nothing burst response among nearby neurones. This response usually lasted 0.2-0.5 s during which repetitively discharging cortical units could be recorded at all cortical depths. 3. This burst response was transmitted from the stimulated point across the cortex in all directions with a velocity of roughly 0.1 m s-1. 4. Complete recovery of excitability among neurones generating the burst response took about 10 s. 5. Removal of Ca2+ from the perfusate prevented transmission of this response, as did a high concentration of Mg2+ or 160 mg/100 ml of ethanol. 6. Propagation of the burst response was not dependent upon the integrity of the underlying white matter; it required only that any 20% of the cortical thickness was intact and undamaged. 7. In coronal sections of brain the response could be transmitted from one hemisphere to the other provided that the corpus callosum was intact.
AOC Design and Test for GSTB-V2B (2006)

In the frame o f the Eu ropean Galileo program Galileo Industries (GaIn) has been selected as main contractor for delivery of one of two test satellites (GSTB-V2B). This paper concentrates in detail on the GSTB-V2 B Attitude and Orbit Control (AOC) function, which has been subcontracted as part of the Avionic subsystem to EADS Astrium. Main topics described are related to the overall requirements, the AOC Hardware and Operational Architecture and to selected topics of AOC analyses and AOC HW open-loop and closed-loop Tests.
Shape-Dependent Field Enhancement and Plasmon Resonance of Oxide Nanocrystals (2015)

Metallic nanostructures can manipulate light-matter interactions to induce absorption, scattering, and local heating through their localized surface plasmon resonances. Recently, plasmonic behavior of semiconductor nanocrystals has been investigated to stretch the boundaries of plasmonics farther into the infrared spectral range and to introduce unprecedented tunability. However, many fundamental questions remain regarding characteristics of plasmons in doped semiconductor nanocrystals. Field enhancement, especially near features with high curvature, is essential in many applications of plasmonic metal nanostructures, yet the potential for plasmonic field enhancement by semiconductor nanocrystals remains unknown. Here, we use the discrete dipole approximation (DDA) to understand the dependence of field enhancement on size, shape, and doping level of plasmonic semiconductor nanocrystals. Indium-doped cadmium oxide is considered as a prototypical material for which faceted cube-octohedral nanocrystals have ...
Carbocyclic Carbene Metal Complexes (2009)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTCarbocyclic Carbene Metal ComplexesK. Öfele, E. Tosh, C. Taubmann, and W. A. Herrmann*View Author Information TU München, Chemie, Lichtenbergstr. 4, Garching D-85747, Germany* Corresponding author. Tel.: +49 89 289 13080. Fax: +49 89 289 13473. E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2009, 109, 8, 3408–3444Publication Date (Web):May 18, 2009Publication History Received10 November 2008Published online18 May 2009Published inissue 12 August 2009https://doi.org/10.1021/cr800516gCopyright © 2009 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views5569Altmetric-Citations110LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (2 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Carbene complexes,Carbene compounds,Ligands,Metals,Palladium Get e-Alerts
How to Generate and Import Functional Test Cases into a Project Management Software System using Natural Language Processing (2022)

The main purpose of software testing is to identify what the software does and whether it matches its functional expectations. Applying a test plana allows one to prevent problems in early stages, identifying and addressing solutions before a project goes into production. Test cases play an important role during the software testing phase. A test case is a document with comprehensive details and sequences of actions to guide the software tester through the steps that need to be taken and the outputs that are expected. _x005F_x000D_ _x005F_x000D_ The proposed system generates test cases based on scraped data that are used to interact with Natural Language Processing (NLP) approaches to generate functional test cases. A project management software (e.g., JIRA) is integrated with the JIRA python library to manage the test cases by the software tester.
Superlattice stacking structure in InGaN thin film pseudomorphic to GaN (0001) substrate: semigrand canonical Monte Carlo simulation (2003)

Superlattice stacking structures in the Ga-rich branch of wurtzite InxGa1−xN/GaN were found using semigrand canonical Monte Carlo simulations, which were performed aiming at the construction of the alloy phase diagram [Mori et al., Mater. Phys. Mech. 6, 49 (2003)]. Simulated systems were InxGa1−xN thin films pseudomorphic to the GaN (0001) substrate. Continuing the simulations, we revealed that In-rich layers parallel to the substrate were formed in Ga-rich regions. At 800 K, traversing along the c direction GGGIGGGI… superlattice-type stackings were more frequently observed, where G and I indicate the Ga-rich and In-rich layers, respectively. As the temperature increased along the two-phase boundary the superlattice structure changes so that many In-rich layers were included. The In content of the Ga-rich phase eventually exceeded 0.5 at a higher temperature such as 875 K. (© 2003 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Development of Updated ABsorption SIMulation Software (ABSIM). (2014)

ABsorption SIMulation, ABSIM, was developed for the simulation of absorption systems by The Oak Ridge National Laboratory during 1980s and 1990s. ABSIM provides a platform for users to investigate various cycle configurations and working fluids, to calculate their operating parameters, to predict their performance, and to compare them with each other on a uniform basis. ABSIM is indeed a very useful and accurate tool for researchers to investigate various absorption systems. However, it has not been well maintained: it is incompatible with recent operating systems; the interface needs improved user-friendliness, and the system needs better parameter setting and debugging tools to help achieve convergence. Therefore, it is highly needed to update and improve ABSIM. The paper presents recent efforts to improve ABSIM s compatibility with current operating systems, user interface, and analysis capabilities. The paper details the features and functions of the newly updated ABSIM software. The new ABSIM still uses the previously validated calculation engine of the old ABSIM. The new graphic user interfaces (GUI) were developed in Qt, which is an open source license GUI software based on C++. XML was used as the database for data storage in the new ABSIM. The new ABSIM has been designedmore » to be easily learned and used. It has enhanced editing and construction functions, plus enhanced analysis features including parametric tables, plotting, property plots, and master panels for debugging. A single effect water/LiBr absorption system is used as a case study in this paper to illustrate the features, capabilities, and functions of the new ABSIM. This case study was actually an example system available in the old ABSIM. The new version of ABSIM will be continuously developed to include additional subroutines for the components in liquid desiccant systems. The new ABSIM will be available to public for free. The ultimate goal of the new ABSIM is to allow it to become a simulation platform for both absorption heat pump and liquid desiccant systems.« less
Speak and you shall predict: speech at initial cocaine abstinence as a biomarker of long-term drug use behavior (2023)

At short time intervals, maximal predictive power was obtained with models that used baseline drug use (in addition to demographic and neuropsychological) measures, potentially reflecting a slow rate of change in these measures, which could be estimated by linear functions. In contrast, short speech samples predicted longer-term changes in drug use, implying deeper penetrance by potentially capturing non-linear dynamics over longer intervals. Results suggest that, compared to the common outcome measures used in clinical trials, speech-based measures could be leveraged as better predictors of longitudinal drug use outcomes in initially abstinent iCUD, as potentially generalizable to other substance use disorders and related comorbidity.
A Cyclic Interface for the Presentation of Multiple Music Files (2008)

This paper proposes a novel cyclic interface for browsing through a song database. The method, which sums multiple audio streams on a server and broadcasts only a single summed stream, allows the user to hear different parts of each audio stream by cycling through all available streams. Songs are summed into a single stream based on a combination of spectral entropy and local power of each song's waveform. Perceptual parameters of the system are determined based on experiments conducted on 20 users, for three, four, and five songs. Results illustrate that the proposed methodology requires less listening time as compared to traditional list-based interfaces when the desired audio clip is among one of the audio streams. Applications of this methodology include any search system which returns multiple audio search results, including music query by example. The proposed methodology can be used for real-time searching with an ordinary internet browser.
Virtual Java/FPGA interface for networked reconfiguration (2001)

A virtual interface between Java and FPGA for networked reconfiguration is presented. Through the Java/FPGA interface, Java applications can exploit hardware accelerators with FPGAs for both functional flexibility and performance acceleration. At the same time, the interface is platform independent. It enables the networked application developers to design their applications with only one interface in mind when considering the interfacing issues. The virtual interface is part of our work to build a platform-independent deployment framework for the networked services. In the framework, both the software and hardware components of services can be platform independently described and deployed.
Telomerase activity in gastric cancer. (1995)

Although many genetic alterations have been reported in gastric cancer, it is not known whether all gastric tumors are capable of indefinite proliferative potential, e.g., immortality. The expression of telomerase and stabilization of telomeres are concomitant with the attainment of immortality in tumor cells; thus, the measurement of telomerase activity in clinically obtained tumor samples may provide important information useful both as a diagnostic marker to detect immortal cancer cells in clinical materials and as a prognostic indicator of patient outcome. Telomerase activity was analyzed in 66 primary gastric cancers with the use of a PCR-based assay. The majority of tumors (85%) displayed telomerase activity, but telomerase was undetectable in 10 tumors (15%), 8 of which were early stage tumors. Most of the tumors with telomerase activity were large and of advanced stages, including metastases. Survival rate of patients of tumors with detectable telomerase activity was significantly shorter than that of those without telomerase activity. Alterations of telomere length (reduced/elongated terminal restriction fragments) were detected in 14 of 66 (21%) gastric cancers, and all 14 had telomerase activity. Cellular DNA contents revealed that all 22 aneuploid tumors had detectable telomerase activity. The present results indicate that telomerase activation may be required as a critical step in the multigenetic process of tumorigenesis, and that telomerase is frequently but not always activated as a late event in gastric cancer progression.
32.1: Properties of Fluorinated Liquid Crystalline Naphthalenes (2003)

Abstract We have synthesized a new series of fluorinated liquid crystalline napthalenes having fluorinated naphthalene moiety at the end of molecule and compared the properties to the previously presented naphthalenes with a similar chemical structure. The new fluorinated liquid crystalline naphthalene with calculated smaller molecular volume shows lower rotational viscosity. Moreover, the naphthalene with calculated larger dipole moment shows larger dielectric anisotropy.
Human Follicular Dendritic Cells Inhibit Superantigen-Induced T-Cell Proliferation by Distinct Mechanisms (1999)

Follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) reside within germinal centers of secondary lymphoid tissue where they play a critical role in antigen-driven immune responses. FDCs express numerous adhesion molecules that facilitate cellular interactions with B and T cells within the germinal center microenvironment. Although human FDCs have been shown to influence B-cell development, very little is known about the ability of FDCs to regulate T-cell responses. To investigate this functional aspect of FDCs, highly enriched preparations were isolated by magnetic cell separation using the FDC-restricted monoclonal antibody HJ2. We found that isolated human FDCs inhibited proliferation of both autologous and allogeneic T cells, and were dependent on the number of FDCs present. Inhibition by FDCs was observed using two serologically distinct superantigens at multiple concentrations (Staphylococcus enterotoxin A and B). In contrast, B cells failed to inhibit, and often augmented superantigen-induced T-cell proliferation. Antibody-blocking studies showed that CD54 and CD106 were involved in the ability of FDC to inhibit T-cell proliferative responses. When FDCs and T cells were separated by a semipermeable membrane, the inhibitory effect was partially abrogated, demonstrating that in addition to cell-cell interactions, a soluble factor(s) was also involved in the process. The addition of indomethicin to cultures improved the proliferative response in the presence of FDCs, indicating that inhibition was mediated, in part, by prostaglandins. These results indicate that FDCs regulate T-cell proliferation by two molecular mechanisms and that FDC:T-cell interactions may play a pivotal role in germinal center development.
Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition of Manganese on Low-k Dielectrics for Copper Diffusion Barrier Application (2012)

In contrast to Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) of Mn from bisethylcyclopentadienyl manganese, Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) does not require moisture within the substrate to enable Mn incorporation. Therefore, such a process can be applied to hydrophobic SiCOH low dielectric constant (k) materials to make copper diffusion barriers for advanced interconnect technologies. Time Dependent Dielectric Breakdown (TDDB) studies showed that a 2 nm PECVD-Mn-based barrier formed on SiCOH dielectric material (k:3.2) is as efficient as a 6 nm industry-standard Physical Vapor Deposited (PVD)-TaN/Ta barrier. Furthermore, such a process has demonstrated conformal deposition in a trench with an aspect ratio of 3.