gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamic analysis of InGaN‐HVPE growth using group‐III chlorides, bromides, and iodides (2013)

Abstract Thermodynamic analyses on hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) of InGaN using III‐chlorides, III‐bromides, and III‐iodides were performed to search a promising source material having a potential for controlling the solid composition with a high growth rate. In this analysis, various precursors such as InCl 3 , GaCl 3, InBr 3 , GaBr 3 , InI 3 , and GaI 3 were selected for comparison. Influence of input mole fraction of hydrogen (H 2 ) in the carrier gas and input V/III ratio on the equilibrium partial pressures at InGaN deposition zone and the driving forces of InGaN deposition are shown. It was found that HVPE growth of InGaN using a combination of InCl 3 and GaCl 3 under a low input mole fraction of H 2 and a high V/III ratio is essential for the control of solid composition and for high growth rate. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Grouped outlier removal for robust ellipse fitting (2015)

This paper presents a novel outlier removal method which is capable of fitting ellipse in real-time under high outlier rate, based on the phenomenon that outliers generated by ellipse edge point detector are likely to appear as groups due to real-world nuisances, such as under partial occlusion or illumination change. To confront the grouped outliers while maintaining the fitting efficiency, we introduce a proximity-based `split and merge' approach to cluster the edge points into subsets, followed by a breath-first outlier removal process. The experiment shows that our algorithm achieves high performance under a wide range of inlier ratio and noise level with various types of realistic nuisances.
Design of a Clutchless Hybrid Transmission for a High-Performance Vehicle (2015)

There exists the potential for major simplifications to current hybrid transmission architectures, which can lead to advances in powertrain performance. This paper assesses the technical merits of various hybrid powertrains in the context of high-performance vehicles and introduces a new transmission concept targeted at high performance hybrid applications. While many hybrid transmission configurations have been developed and implemented in mainstream and even luxury vehicles, ultra high performance sports cars have only recently begun to hybridize. The unique performance requirements of such vehicles place novel constraints on their transmissions designs. The goals become less about improved efficiency and smoothness and more centered on weight reduction, complexity reduction, and performance improvement. To identify the most critical aspects of a high performance transmission, a wide range of existing technologies is studied in concert with basic physical performance analysis of electrical motors and an internal combustion engine. The new transmission concepts presented here emphasize a reduction in inertial, frictional, and mechanical losses. A series of conceptual powertrain designs are evaluated against the goals of reducing mechanical complexity and maintaining functionality. The major innovation in these concepts is the elimination of a friction clutch to engage and disengage gears. Instead, the design proposes that the inclusion of a large electric motor enables the gears to be speed-matched and torque-zeroed without the inherent losses associated with a friction clutch. Additionally, these transmission concepts explore the merits of multiple electric motors and their placement as well as the reduction in synchronization interfaces. Ultimately, two strategies for speed-matched gear sets are considered, and a speed-matching prototype of the chosen methodology is presented to validate the feasibility of the proposed concept. The power flow and operational modes of both transmission architectures are studied to ensure required functionality and identify further areas of optimization. While there are still many unanswered questions about this concept, this paper introduces the base analysis and proof of concept for a technology that has great potential to advance hybrid vehicles at all levels.
Simultaneous Delivery of Econazole, Terbinafine and Amorolfine with Improved Cutaneous Bioavailability: A Novel Micelle-Based Antifungal “Tri-Therapy” (2022)

Lack of accurate diagnosis and the use of formulations designed to address the poor aqueous solubility of antifungal agents, but not optimized for delivery, contribute to unsatisfactory outcomes for topical treatment of cutaneous mycoses. The objective of this study was to develop a micelle-based antifungal formulation containing econazole (ECZ), terbinafine (TBF) and amorolfine (AMF) using D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) for simultaneous cutaneous delivery of three agents with complementary mechanisms of action. The antifungal "tri-therapy" micelle-based formulation containing 0.1% ECZ, 0.1% TBF and 0.025% AMF had a drug loading 10-fold lower than the "reference" marketed formulations (Pevaryl<sup>®</sup>, 1% ECZ; Lamisil<sup>®</sup>, 1% TBF; Loceryl<sup>®</sup>, 0.25% AMF). Finite dose application of the micelle-based formulation for 6 h resulted in a statistically equivalent deposition of ECZ (<i>p</i> > 0.05) and TBF (<i>p</i> > 0.05) from the 2 systems, and a 2-fold higher accumulation of AMF (<i>p</i> = 0.017). Antifungal concentrations above MIC<sub>80</sub> against <i>Trichophyton rubrum</i> were achieved in each skin layer with the "tri-therapy", which also exhibited a preferential deposition of each antifungal agent in pilosebaceous unit (PSU)-containing biopsies as compared with PSU-free biopsies (<i>p</i> < 0.05). A planned clinical study will test whether these promising results translate to improved therapeutic outcomes in vivo.
Silica Induced Lung Fibrosis Is Associated With Senescence, Fgr, and Recruitment of Bone Marrow Monocyte/Macrophages (2021)

Both silica and radiation exposure induce senescence and upregulate tyrosine kinase Fgr for the recruitment of bone marrow-derived monocyte/macrophages and the development of pulmonary fibrosis.
Comparison of electrostatic precipitator power supplies with low effects on the mains (2011)

In this article, the distortions caused by the power supplies employed in Electrostatic Precipitators (ESP) are investigated, and means for improving the line power quality are proposed. Multi-pulse and PWM rectifier topologies and other concepts including hybrid systems and active filters are evaluated in order to identify suitable systems for ESP applications. A comparison of the studied systems rated to 60 kW and fully designed employing commercial components is shown. The ESP systems efficiency, power density, current harmonic THD, among others features are used for the assessment. The loss calculations are extended to a variable chip area to allow a fair comparison between the studied systems. Finally, the VIENNA 6-switches rectifier and active filter concepts are chosen and experimental analyses are carried out, verifying the performance and feasibility of the proposed systems.
Erratum: “Modelling a point absorbing wave energy converter by the equivalent electric circuit theory: A feasibility study” [J. Appl. Phys. 117, 164901 (2015)] (2015)

study of Swirl Microbubble Generator with
Algorithms for the selection of fluorescent reporters (2021)

Molecular biologists rely on the use of fluorescent probes to take measurements of their model systems. These fluorophores fall into various classes (e.g. fluorescent dyes, fluorescent proteins, etc.), but they all share some general properties (such as excitation and emission spectra, brightness) and require similar equipment for data acquisition. Selecting an ideal set of fluorophores for a particular measurement technology or vice versa is a multidimensional problem that is difficult to solve with ad hoc methods due to the enormous solution space of possible fluorophore panels. Choosing sub-optimal fluorophore panels can result in unreliable or erroneous measurements of biochemical properties in model systems. Here, we describe a set of algorithms, implemented in an open-source software tool, for solving these problems efficiently to arrive at fluorophore panels optimized for maximal signal and minimal bleed-through.
A Sequence-Based Compressed Sensing Receiver for Impulsive Frequency Shift Keying (2022)

Modern communications often operate in the wideband fading regime due to the increasingly crowded frequency spectrum. However, obtaining channel state information in this regime is challenging and costly. We consider the use of impulsive frequency shift keying, which is a noncoherent capacity-achieving scheme, in order to avoid the costs and challenge of obtaining channel state information in this regime. To avoid the cost of a bank of frequency-selective filters, which is the optimal noncoherent receiver, we investigate a more practical and less costly sequence-based compressed sensing receiver where the number of filters can be reduced with the tradeoff of increasing the symbol error rate. We demonstrate that the performance of a chipping sequence-based compressed sensing receiver approaches the performance of a bank of frequency-selective filters as the number of sequences used for recovery increases.
Structural basis of mammalian high-mannose N-glycan processing by human gut Bacteroides (2020)

The human gut microbiota plays a central role not only in regulating the metabolism of nutrients but also promoting immune homeostasis, immune responses and protection against pathogen colonization. The genome of the Gram-negative symbiont Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a dominant member of the human intestinal microbiota, encodes polysaccharide utilization loci PULs, the apparatus required to orchestrate the degradation of a specific glycan. EndoBT-3987 is a key endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (ENGase) that initiates the degradation/processing of mammalian high-mannose-type (HM-type) N-glycans in the intestine. Here, we provide structural snapshots of EndoBT-3987, including the unliganded form, the EndoBT-3987-Man<sub>9</sub>GlcNAc<sub>2</sub>Asn substrate complex, and two EndoBT-3987-Man<sub>9</sub>GlcNAc and EndoBT-3987-Man<sub>5</sub>GlcNAc product complexes. In combination with alanine scanning mutagenesis and activity measurements we unveil the molecular mechanism of HM-type recognition and specificity for EndoBT-3987 and an important group of the GH18 ENGases, including EndoH, an enzyme extensively used in biotechnology, and for which the mechanism of substrate recognition was largely unknown.
Synthesis, self-assembly, and photophysical dynamics of stacked layers of porphyrin and viologen phosphonates (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, self-assembly, and photophysical dynamics of stacked layers of porphyrin and viologen phosphonatesSolomon B. Ungashe, William L. Wilson, Howard E. Katz, Geoffrey R. Scheller, and Thomas M. PutvinskiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 22, 8717–8719Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00048a065https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00048a065research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views627Altmetric-Citations127LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Response to comment on “Synovial fibroblast-neutrophil interactions promote pathogenic adaptive immunity in rheumatoid arthritis” (2018)

The citrullinome cargo in neutrophil extracellular traps varies according to disease condition and stimulation conditions.
Data from Splicing Factor SRSF1 Promotes Pancreatitis and KRAS<sup>G12D</sup>-Mediated Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Inflammation is strongly associated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a highly lethal malignancy. Dysregulated RNA splicing factors have been widely reported in tumorigenesis, but their involvement in pancreatitis and PDAC is not well understood. Here, we report that the splicing factor SRSF1 is highly expressed in pancreatitis, PDAC precursor lesions, and tumors. Increased SRSF1 is sufficient to induce pancreatitis and accelerate KRAS&lt;sup&gt;G12D&lt;/sup&gt;-mediated PDAC. Mechanistically, SRSF1 activates MAPK signaling—partly by upregulating interleukin 1 receptor type 1 (IL1R1) through alternative-splicing-regulated mRNA stability. Additionally, SRSF1 protein is destabilized through a negative feedback mechanism in phenotypically normal epithelial cells expressing KRAS&lt;sup&gt;G12D&lt;/sup&gt; in mouse pancreas and in pancreas organoids acutely expressing KRAS&lt;sup&gt;G12D&lt;/sup&gt;, buffering MAPK signaling and maintaining pancreas cell homeostasis. This negative feedback regulation of SRSF1 is overcome by hyperactive MYC, facilitating PDAC tumorigenesis. Our findings implicate SRSF1 in the etiology of pancreatitis and PDAC, and point to SRSF1-misregulated alternative splicing as a potential therapeutic target.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;We describe the regulation of splicing factor SRSF1 expression in the context of pancreas cell identity, plasticity, and inflammation. SRSF1 protein downregulation is involved in a negative feedback cellular response to KRAS&lt;sup&gt;G12D&lt;/sup&gt; expression, contributing to pancreas cell homeostasis. Conversely, upregulated SRSF1 promotes pancreatitis and accelerates KRAS&lt;sup&gt;G12D&lt;/sup&gt;-mediated tumorigenesis through enhanced IL1 and MAPK signaling.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Topology inference using network coding (2012)

Our goal, in this paper, is to infer the topology of a network when (i) we can send probes between sources and receivers at the edge of the network and (ii) intermediate nodes can perform simple network coding operations, i.e., additions. Our key intuition is that network coding introduces topology-dependent correlation in the observations at the receivers, which can be exploited to infer the topology. For undirected tree topologies, we design hierarchical clustering algorithms, building on our prior work in [24]. For directed acyclic graphs (DAGs), first we decompose the topology into a number of two source, two receiver (2-by-2) subnetwork components and then we merge these components to reconstruct the topology. Our approach for DAGs builds on prior work on tomography [36], and improves upon it by employing network coding to accurately distinguish among all different 2-by-2 components. We evaluate our algorithms through simulation of a number of realistic topologies and compare them to active tomographic techniques without network coding. We also make connections between our approach and other alternatives, including passive inference, traceroute, and packet marking.
X.alpha.-SW calculations for naked actinide dimers: existence of .vphi. bonds between metal atoms (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTX.alpha.-SW calculations for naked actinide dimers: existence of .vphi. bonds between metal atomsBruce E. Bursten and Geoffrey A. OzinCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1984, 23, 18, 2910–2911Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00186a039https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00186a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views139Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Energy deposition at front and rear surfaces during picosecond laser interaction with fused silica (2001)

The difference between front-surface and rear-surface energy deposition of a 35 ps laser pulse (λ=1064 nm) in fused silica was investigated using shadowgraphic and laser-deflection techniques. Shock waves were observed in the glass and in air. Shock waves generated in air at the front surface are stronger than at the rear surface. Less than 35% of the energy incident on the surface drives the air shock waves at the rear surface. Up to 90% of the incident energy drives the air shock waves at the front surface. Laser-plasma interaction is responsible for this difference and for limiting the amount of energy deposited inside the sample during front-surface ablation. Energy deposition at the rear surface is mostly limited by self-focusing inside the material.
The Metabolism of [18F]6‐Fluoro‐l‐3,4‐Dihydroxyphenylalanine in the Hooded Rat (1987)

The metabolism of the positron-emitting compound [18F]6-fluoro-L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (*F-DOPA) was studied in carbidopa-pretreated male hooded rats. Thirty minutes following carbidopa administration (5 mg/kg i.p.), animals received *F-DOPA (500 micrograms/kg; specific activity, 175-230 Ci/mol) as an intrajugular bolus. Blood samples were taken at various times between 5 and 90 min, and the plasma was analyzed by HPLC with gamma counting of fractions. *F-DOPA disappeared rapidly from plasma in concert with the formation of the 3-O-methylated metabolite, Me-*F-DOPA. Animals were killed from 5 to 120 min after injection, and the brains were rapidly dissected. The disappearance of *F-DOPA from both vermis and striatal samples was rapid. Me-*F-DOPA, the sole metabolite observed in the vermis, was the major labeled material in the striatum at greater than or equal to 20 min after injection. Fluorodopamine was an important metabolite in the striatum, making up 25% of total radioactivity at early intervals. Striatal samples also contained fluoro-3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, which constituted approximately 10% of the total radioactivity, and traces of two radiolabeled compounds, tentatively identified as fluorohomovanillic acid and fluoro-3-methoxytyramine.
Cover Picture: Freezing the Bioactive Conformation to Boost Potency: The Identification of BAY 85‐8501, a Selective and Potent Inhibitor of Human Neutrophil Elastase for Pulmonary Diseases (ChemMedChem 7/2015) (2015)

The front cover picture shows the inhibitor (4S)-4-[4-cyano-2-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-6-methyl-2-oxo-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile in complex with human neutrophil elastase (HNE), a key target for the potential treatment of pulmonary conditions due to its high activity in inflammatory diseases. Inhibition of HNE is expected to re-establish protease balance in disease settings with elevated levels of HNE. A novel class of dihydropyrimidinone lead compounds was identified and optimized to give orally active compounds with favorable pharmacokinetics such as the chemical probe BAY-678. Without compromising the excellent target selectivity of these lead compounds, picomolar potency was achieved by ‘freezing’ their structure in the bioactive conformation. Specifically, the methyl sulfone substituent was strategically positioned to accomplish optimal interaction with the S2 pocket of HNE. The clinical candidate, BAY 85-8501, exhibited efficacy in a rodent model of acute lung injury and is currently being tested for the treatment of pulmonary diseases. For further details, see the Full Paper by Franz von Nussbaum, Volkhart M.-J. Li et al. on p. 1163 ff.
Enhancement of the anti-HIV-1 activity of ddAdo by coformycin, EHNA and deaza-EHNA derivatives. (1995)

2',3'-dideoxyadenosine (ddAdo) and 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (ddIno) are potent and selective inhibitors of the replication of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV1) in several cell culture systems. Equipotent in terms of antiviral activity, both compounds selectively inhibit the reverse transcription of HIV-1 by virtue of their conversion into ddATP. In human lymphoid cells ddAdo is converted to the active metabolite, ddATP, but it also undergoes rapid deamination, via adenosine deaminase, to form ddIno. ddIno, like ddAdo, gives rise to dideoxynucleotides of the dideoxy-adenylate series (ddAMP, ddADP and ddATP), as well as to IMP and to adenylate ribonucleotides. With the main object of blocking the deamination of ddAdo, we studied its anti-HIV-1 activity in the presence of different adenosine deaminase inhibitors, namely Coformycin (CF), 9-(erythro-2-hydroxy-3-nonyl) adenine (EHNA) and some deaza-EHNA derivatives. In contrast with reports on 2'-deoxycoformycin (Cooney et al., 1987), the adenosine deaminase inhibitors tested by us showed a significant increase in the antiviral activity of ddAdo, but not of ddIno. Enhancement was obtained with EHNA and CF concentrations up to 250 and > 12,500 times lower than their respective maximum non toxic doses. In combination with EHNA or CF, ddAdo could be used at concentrations up to ten times lower than those required to obtain the same degree of inhibition when ddAdo (or ddIno) was used alone. The use of EHNA or CF in combination with ddAdo at concentrations that inhibit the multiplication of HIV-1, allowed uninfected cells to maintain their normal multiplication rates. In fact, in combination experiments, cytotoxic effects were evident only with doses of EHNA, or CF and ddAdo 10 to 100 or more times higher than those required to inhibit HIV-1 significantly. The in vivo implications of these results for anti-HIV chemotherapy are discussed.