gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Active database systems (1995)

Integrating a production rules facility into a database system provides a uniform mechanism for a number of advanced database features including integrity constraint enforcement, derived data maintenance, triggers, alerters, protection, version control, and others. In addition, a database system with rule processing capabilities provides a useful platform for large and efficient knowledge-base and expert systems. Database systems with production rules are referred to as active database systems, and the field of active database systems has indeed been active. This chapter summarizes current work in active database systems; topics covered include active database rule models and languages, rule execution semantics, and implementation issues. 1 Introduction Conventional database systems are passive: they only execute queries or transactions explicitly submitted by a user or an application program. For many applications, however, it is important to monitor situations of interest, and to ...
CHROMOSOME INVERSION POLYMORPHISMS IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER. I. LATITUDINAL CLINES AND ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN INVERSIONS IN AUSTRALASIAN POPULATIONS (1981)

Nineteen Australasian populations of Drosophila melanogaster have been screened for chromosome inversion polymorphisms. All 15 of the inversion types found are paracentric and autosomal, but only four of these, one on each of the major autosome arms, are common and cosmopolitan. North-south clines occur, with the frequencies of all four of the common cosmopolitan inversions increasing toward the equator. These clines in the Southern Hemisphere mirror north-south clines in the Northern Hemisphere, where the frequencies of all four of the common cosmopolitan inversions again increase towards the equator.-While few of the Australasian populations show significant disequilibrium between linked common cosmopolitan inversions, those that do invariably have excesses of coupling gametes, which is consistent with other reports. We also find nonrandom associations between the two major autosomes, with the northern populations in Australasia (those with high inversion frequencies) tending to be deficient in gametes with common cosmopolitan inversions on both major autosomes, while the southern populations in Australasia (low inversion frequencies) tend to have an excess of this class of gametes.-The clines and the nonrandom associations between the two major autosomes are best interpreted in terms of selection operating to maintain the common cosmopolitan inversion polymorphisms in natural populations of D. melanogaster.
Lysis of herpesvirus-infected cells by macrophages activated with free or liposome-encapsulated lymphokine produced by a murine T cell hybridoma (1983)

Thioglycolate-induced mouse peritoneal macrophages were activated in vitro by the lymphokine designated macrophage-activating factor (MAF) produced by a murine T cell hybridoma to lyse herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2)-infected murine target cells. Comparison of uninfected BALB/c 10E2 cells with HSV-2-infected 10E2 cells showed that macrophages activated with MAF selectively destroyed HSV-2-infected cells and left uninfected cells unharmed, as measured by an 18-h 51Cr-release assay. In contrast, macrophages treated with medium were as efficient as MAF-activated macrophages in suppressing the production of HSV-2 from virus-infected cells. These findings suggest that macrophages must attain an activated state to lyse HSV-2-infected cells. Finally, incubation of macrophages with liposomes containing MAF was shown to be a highly efficient method for activation of macrophages against HSV-2 infected cells. The ability to selectively destroy herpesvirus-infected cells in vitro by macrophages activated with liposome-encapsulated MAF suggests that the therapeutic efficacy of this treatment in vivo should be evaluated.
Evolving understanding of the evolution of herbicide resistance (2009)

A greater number of, and more varied, modes of resistance have evolved in weeds than in other pests because the usage of herbicides is far more extensive than the usage of other pesticides, and because weed seed output is so great. The discovery and development of selective herbicides are more problematic than those of insecticides and fungicides, as these must only differentiate between plant and insect or pathogen. Herbicides are typically selective between plants, meaning that before deployment there are already some crops possessing natural herbicide resistance that weeds could evolve. The concepts of the evolution of resistance and the mechanisms of delaying resistance have evolved as nature has continually evolved new types of resistance. Major gene target-site mutations were the first types to evolve, with initial consideration devoted mainly to them, but slowly 'creeping' resistance, gradually accruing increasing levels of resistance, has become a major force owing to an incremental accumulation of genetic changes in weed populations. Weeds have evolved mechanisms unknown even in antibiotic as well as other drug and pesticide resistances. It is even possible that cases of epigenetic 'remembered' resistances may have appeared.
Elevated Muscle TLR4 Expression and Metabolic Endotoxemia in Human Aging (2014)

Aging is associated with alterations in glucose metabolism and sarcopenia that jointly contribute to a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Because aging is considered as a state of low-grade inflammation, in this study we examined whether older, healthy (lean, community-dwelling) participants have altered signaling flux through toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a key mediator of innate and adaptive immune responses. We also examined whether a 4-month aerobic exercise program would have an anti-inflammatory effect by reducing TLR4 expression and signaling. At baseline, muscle TLR4, nuclear factor κB p50 and nuclear factor κB p65 protein content, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation were significantly elevated in older versus young participants. The plasma concentration of the TLR4 agonist lipopolysaccharide and its binding protein also were significantly elevated in older participants, indicative of metabolic endotoxemia, which is a recently described phenomenon of increased plasma endotoxin level in metabolic disease. These alterations in older participants were accompanied by decreased insulin sensitivity, quadriceps muscle volume, and muscle strength. The exercise training program increased insulin sensitivity, without affecting quadriceps muscle volume or strength. Muscle TLR4, nuclear factor κB, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and plasma lipopolysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide binding protein were not changed by exercise. In conclusion, insulin resistance and sarcopenia of aging are associated with increased TLR4 expression/signaling, which may be secondary to metabolic endotoxemia.
Clinical Tolerance and Profile of Cytokine Induction in Healthy Volunteers Following the Simultaneous Administration of IFN- α and the Synthetic Immunomodulator Murabutide (2001)

As the therapeutic use of interferon-α (IFN-α) is limited by a dose-dependent toxicity and variable efficacy, ways of improving the therapeutic index of the cytokine are being sought. Murabutide (N-acetyl muramyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamine-O-n-butyl-ester) (ISTAC Biotechnology, Lille, France) is a safe synthetic and clinically acceptable immunomodulator that enhances the biologic activities of IFN-α in different experimental models. We evaluated in healthy human volunteers tolerance of the coadministration of Murabutide with increasing doses of IFN-α. The simultaneous administration of the two drugs was well tolerated without any increased or prohibiting toxicity, and all recipients experienced side effects that were similar to those observed after the administration of IFN-α alone. We also profiled the serum levels of cytokines induced following coinjection of the two drugs. We mostly detected an induction of anti-inflammatory cytokines and of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-suppressive β-chemokines, in the absence of release of key proinflammatory cytokines. Therefore, the simultaneous administration of Murabutide and IFN-α is well tolerated and does not lead to increased toxicity. In addition, the selectivity in the profile of cytokines and chemokines induced following the coadministration of Murabutide and IFN-α points to the potential use of this combination in the treatment of inflammatory diseases and chronic viral infections.
Characteristics of Top‐Gate Polysilicon Thin‐Film Transistors Fabricated on Fluorine‐Implanted and Crystallized Amorphous Silicon Films (1996)

This paper presents a comprehensive study on the characteristics of n‐ and p‐channel polycrystalline‐silicon (polysilicon) thin‐film transistors (TFTs) fabricated on fluorine‐implanted‐then‐crystallized amorphous silicon films. Amorphous silicon films of two thicknesses were implanted with different energies and various dosages of fluorine, and studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and secondary‐ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The electrical characteristics of TFTs fabricated on the films were correlated with the results of TEM and SIMS. It was found that field‐effect mobilities of both n‐ and p‐channel devices were improved by the fluorine implantation thanks to the enhanced grain size and the fluorine passivation effect. For the p‐channel device, the fluorine implantation did not improve the subthreshold swing and even degraded it after hydrogenation. This result was thought to be caused by the fluorine‐induced negative charges in oxides. However, a thin active layer and a deep implantation reduced this degradation.
Amorphous Silicon Thin Film Anodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental Results and Discussion Conclusion Acknowledgements
Incorporating Task Analysis in the Design of a Tool for a Complex and Exploratory Search Task (2017)

Due to its nature, a complex and exploratory search task is not directly actionable; it needs to be decomposed into actionable sub-tasks. Achieving this decomposition is usually not trivial for non-expert users. Also, the users need additional support to decrease their cognitive workload, regardless of their experience level.
709 Optimizing the Definition of Clinical Response Using the Modified Mayo Score: An Analysis of a Phase 2 Study With Mirikizumab in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis (2019)

INTRODUCTION: The 12-point Mayo Clinic Score (MCS), composed of four domains, has traditionally been used in defining regulatory endpoints for clinical remission in ulcerative colitis (UC) clinical trials. Clinical response has been defined as a reduction in MCS ≥3 points and ≥30 percent decrease from baseline (BL). Recent guidance from the FDA and EMA recommend use of the 9-point Mayo Score (Modified MCS; MMS) and its components for clinical trial endpoints, which excludes the physician's global assessment (PGA) subscore. 1,2 AMAC was a phase 2 randomized trial clinical trial of mirikizumab (miri), a p19-directed IL-23 antibody, in patients with moderate to severely active UC, which defined clinical response as decrease in the MMS of ≥2 points and ≥35% decrease from BL, and a decrease of ≥1 point in the rectal bleeding (RB) subscore from BL, or a RB score of 0 or 1. We performed a post-hoc analysis of AMAC data to demonstrate that given the MMS, a 30% reduction, along with RB reductions, is appropriate to capture improvement. METHODS: Contingency table analysis was used to evaluate MCS responders and non-responders by ≥30% and ≥35% MMS. Sensitivity and specificity were used to evaluate a representative percent improvement in MMS clinical response between MCS defined responder and non-responders. RESULTS: Using the MMS, removal of the PGA does not change the expected percentage difference from BL for responders compared to MCS when using the 30% clinical response definition. With total MCS as the anchor variable, the accurate classification rate with a ≥30% decrease in MMS is (124 + 110)/249 = 93.9%, and (127 + 104)/249 = 92.8% when using the ≥35% decrease (Table 1). The high classification rates show a very strong consistency between MMS and MCS at both cutoffs; however, sensitivity and specificity appears to be more balanced at a ≥30% decrease cutoff, with the two being close to equal (Figure 1). CONCLUSION: The more appropriate definition for identifying patients with UC in clinical response based on the MMS uses the ≥30% decrease from BL cutoff. This definition, along with a decrease of ≥2 points in the MMS from BL and ≥1 point in the RB subscore or a RB score of 0 or 1, is consistent with the prior definition using the total MCS.
Performance evaluation of terrestrial broadcasting based on 5G NR (2020)

This paper investigates the physical layer efficiency of terrestrial broadcasting based on 3GPP new radio (NR) BICM chains and recent enhancements for terrestrial broadcasting in 3GPP release (Rel-) 16. The physical layer of terrestrial broadcasting in 3GPP is compared with the state-of-the-art broadcasting technique which is known as Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) 3.0 in terms of system overheads and link-level performances. Based on the evaluations for the efficiency of frame structure and performance of BICM chains, it is verified that terrestrial broadcasting in 3GPP would support efficient transmission comparable to ATSC 3.0.
Atomization Characteristics of Camelina-Based Alternative Aviation Fuels Discharging From Dual-Orifice Injector (2014)

The atomization characteristics of blends of bioderived camelina hydrogenated renewable jet (HRJ) alternative fuel with conventional aviation kerosene (Jet A-1) discharging into ambient atmospheric air from a dual-orifice atomizer used in aircraft engines are described. The spray tests are conducted in a spray test facility at six different test flow conditions to compare the atomization of alternative fuels with that of Jet A-1. The fuel sprays are characterized in terms of fuel discharge, spray cone angle, drop size distribution, and spray patternation. The measurements of spray drop size distribution are obtained using laser diffraction based Spraytec equipment. The characteristics of fuel discharge and cone angle of alternative fuel sprays do not show any changes from that of Jet A-1 sprays. The characteristics of spray drop size, evaluated in terms of the variation of mean drop size along the spray axis, for the alternative fuel sprays remain unaffected by the variation in fuel properties between the alternative fuels and Jet A-1. The measurements on spray patternation, obtained using a mechanical patternator at a distance 5.1 cm from the atomizer exit, show an enhanced fuel concentration in the vicinity of spray axis region for the alternative fuel sprays discharging from the dual-orifice atomizer.
Miniaturization of InGaP/InGaAs/Ge solar cells for micro‐concentrator photovoltaics (2021)

Abstract Micro‐concentrator photovoltaic (CPV), incorporating micro‐scale solar cells within concentrator photovoltaic modules, promises an inexpensive and highly efficient technology that can mitigate the drawbacks that impede standard CPV, such as resistive power losses. In this paper, we fabricate micro‐scale multijunction solar cells designed for micro‐CPV applications. A generic process flow, including plasma etching steps, was developed for the fabrication of complete InGaP/InGaAs/Ge microcells with rectangular, circular, and hexagonal active areas down to 0.089 mm 2 (0.068‐mm 2 mesa). Large cells (&gt;1 mm 2 ) demonstrate good electrical performance under one sun AM1.5D illumination, but a degradation in the open‐circuit voltage ( V OC ) is observed on the smallest cells. This effect is attributed to perimeter recombination for which a passivation effect by the antireflective coating partially recovers the V OC . The V OC penalty for small cells is also reduced under high‐intensity illumination, from 3.8% under sun to 1.0% at 974 suns. High intensity illumination yields an efficiency of 33.8% under 584 suns for a 0.25‐mm 2 and microcells are expected to show higher efficiency than standard cells under very high concentration.
SARI-SQL: Event Query Language for Event Analysis (2009)

Complex event processing (CEP) systems are capable of processing large amounts of events, utilizing them to monitor, steer and optimize business in real time. The lack of tracking events and maintaining the causal relationships and traceability between those events, as well as aggregating them to higher-level events, is a problem that is currently investigated by many research groups. In this paper, we present SARI-SQL, which is a domain-specific event-query language, (EQL) that is designed for business analysts to easily gain insight into business events. SARI-SQL enables the retrieval of near real-time events and can process historical events, metrics and scores for analytical purposes. We introduce the SARI-SQL syntax and show infrastructural components for the query engine. We further show examples to illustrate the query language, and propose a reference implementation for the query engine.
Induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in severe combined immunodeficient mice reconstituted with allogeneic or xenogeneic hematopoietic cells (1993)

Severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) C.B-17-scid/scid (H-2d) strain mice are deficient for T and B lymphocytes and lack all of the immune functions associated with these cell types. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was induced in chimeric SCID mice that had been previously reconstituted with allogeneic mouse or xenogeneic rat hematopoietic stem cells from EAE-susceptible donor strains. Encephalitogenic, myelin Ag-specific, T lymphocytes selected from SJL mice, Lewis rats, or Buffalo rats transferred passive EAE into chimeric SCID mice reconstituted with SJL mouse, Lewis rat, or Buffalo rat hematopoietic cells, respectively. SCID mice reconstituted with Lewis rat hematopoietic tissue and thymus were also susceptible to EAE induced by active immunization with the myelin proteolipid protein synthetic peptide PLP S139-151. T lymphocytes recovered from the spleens of SCID mouse-rat chimeras with EAE proliferated upon in vitro stimulation with myelin Ag presented by APC syngeneic to the transplant donor, and rat T lymphocytes selected in vitro from SCID mouse-rat chimeras with EAE transferred EAE back into naive recipient rats. Thus, the immunodeficiency present in SCID mice can be overcome at least partially by hematopoietic tissue transplantation from allogeneic or xenogeneic donors. Furthermore, allogeneic SJL mouse and xenogeneic Lewis or Buffalo rat myelin Ag-specific T cells can transfer EAE between strains and species, respectively, into recipient SCID mouse chimeras.
P1090: LONG TERM FOLLOW-UP OF UNTREATED/RELAPSING MCL PATIENTS WITH THE IBRUTINIB, OBINUTUZUMAB, AND VENETOCLAX COMBINATION. (2023)

Topic: 18. Indolent and mantle-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma - Clinical Background: Targeted therapies (such as Ibrutinib and Venetoclax) have improved Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) patients’ outcomes. OAsIs trial has evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of the Ibrutinib Obinutuzumab plus venetoclax combination in both R/R and untreated MCL patients (NCT02558816, Le Gouill et al. Blood 2021). Aims: We present updated results with extended follow-ups of patients enrolled in OASIS trial. Methods: The OASIS trial was a 3 arms multicenter prospective phase 1/2 trial. Arm A (n=9) enrolled R/R patients who were treated with Obinutuzumab (Obi, 1000mg) and Ibrutinib (Ibru, 560mg). Patients in Arm B (R/R; n=24) and C (newly diagnosed MCL; n=15) were treated with Obi+Ibru+Venetoclax (Ven, 400mg). Patients’ characteristics have been described in the original manuscript. Results: In cohorts A (n=9) and B (n=24), overall response rates were 89% and 71%, respectively. Median Follow-ups were 72 and 48m, the 4-y PFS were 67% and 50%, respectively. No safety signals appeared during long term FU. Patients who progressed were treated with Bendamustine-containing regimen (6 out of 10) and one patient received Odronextamab and anti-CD22xCD3 bispecific antibodies. For Cohort C (n=15), the median follow-up was 46m (36, 49m). Median PFS and DOR were not reached, the estimated 48m-PFS and 36m-DOR were 80% (Figures 1 & 2). Two patients prematurely discontinued, one early PD (after 4m) and one for Adverse Event (neuropathy after 9m). The early PD patient harbored no adverse event, especially no TP53 alteration. One patient with TP53 mutation is still experiencing disease control. One patient experienced atrial fibrillation and one patient had acute cardiac failure. Regarding infections, one patient died of a progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after the completion of treatment. Two patients prematurely discontinued the treatment, one patient had a PD at C4 and has subsequently been treated with R-CHOP, one patient relapsed after treatment completion and has been treated with Glofitamab. In all, 2 patients progressed and 1 died in arm C (PML), hence, the 4-y OS is estimated to be 93%.Figure 1. PFS for STEP-C Cohort (MCL patients at diagnosis, treated with Obin-Ibru-Ven, mFU=41m) Summary/Conclusion: The Ibrutinib-Venetoclax-Obinutuzumab triplet is associated with a sustained disease control, in both R/R (4-y PFS of 50%) and newly diagnosed (4y-PFS of 80%) patients presenting with high risk-profiles (no low-MIPI patients were included in the Oasis Trial). The anti-CD20+Ibrutinib vs anti-CD20+Ibrutinib+Venetoclax combinations are currently under investigation in OASIS-II trial (NCT04802590) for untreated patients with MCL. Keywords: Venetoclax, ibrutinib, Targeted therapy, Mantle cell lymphoma
Michael A. Aung-Thwin. Myanmar in the Fifteenth Century: A Tale of Two Kingdoms. (2018)

With Myanmar in the Fifteenth Century: A Tale of Two Kingdoms, Michael Aung-Thwin culminates his corrective series of books and journal articles that challenge nineteenth- and twentieth-century British and Burmese prejudicial histories that reconstructed the chronology of Myanmar (Burma) to validate British colonial rule and British legacy partnerships with favored Burma ethnicities. In postindependence Burma after 1948, Burmese political authorities, supported by international historians, perpetuated the British colonial-era histories that favored downstream post-Mon ethnicities who had migrated from southern China downstream into Southeast Asia. Colonial-era Mons were validated as the rightful ethnic leadership in Myanmar’s multiethnic society, as a number of Mons had entered the British colonial administration. Against this colonial-era favoritism, Aung-Thwin presents his corrective to British-legacy historiography, citing his reading of over four hundred surviving historical Burmese inscriptions that had been previously marginalized by British historians and by subsequent international historians in favor of Myanmar’s chronicle literature. Aung-Thwin admits he was himself previously committed to the legacy of British colonial historiography. But over the past decade he has compared early inscription details to the previously favored historical chronicle texts, and he has determined that the translations of the inscriptions challenge prior colonial and postcolonial chronicle-based interpretations of Myanmar’s early history. Aung-Thwin successfully fills the (previously assumed) undocumented historical gap between the fall of the once prominent centrally located Pagan Buddhist kingdom, and its northern and southern successor states. He details and contrasts the historical transitions from the Pagan kingdom to these successor polities: the northern Ava polity (1364–1527) and the Pegu polity on the southern coast (1353–1538).