gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Monitoring of CaCO3 Nanoscale Structuration through Real-Time Liquid Phase Transmission Electron Microscopy and Hyperpolarized NMR (2022)

Calcium carbonate (CaCO<sub>3</sub>) is one of the most significant biominerals in nature. Living organisms are able to control its biomineralization by means of an organic matrix to tailor a myriad of hybrid functional materials. The soluble organic components are often proteins rich in acidic amino-acids such as l-aspartic acid. While several studies have demonstrated the influence of amino acids on the crystallization of calcium carbonate, nanoscopic insight of their impact on CaCO<sub>3</sub> mineralization, in particular at the early stages, is still lacking. Herein, we implement liquid phase-transmission electron microscopy (LP-TEM) in order to visualize in real-time and at the nanoscale the prenucleation stages of CaCO<sub>3</sub> formation. We observe that l-aspartic acid favors the formation of individual and aggregated prenucleation clusters which are found stable for several minutes before the transformation into amorphous nanoparticles. Combination with hyperpolarized solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (DNP NMR) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations allow shedding light on the underlying mechanism at the prenucleation stage. The promoting nature of l-aspartic acid with respect to prenucleation clusters is explained by specific interactions with both Ca<sup>2+</sup> and carbonates and the stabilization of the Ca<sup>2+</sup>-CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup>/HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> ion pairs favoring the formation and stabilization of the CaCO<sub>3</sub> transient precursors. The study of prenucleation stages of mineral formation by the combination of <i>in situ</i> LP-TEM, advanced analytical techniques (including hyperpolarized solid-state NMR), and numerical modeling allows the real-time monitoring of prenucleation species formation and evolution and the comprehension of their relative stability.
Supplementary Figure S2 from The Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic (PKPD) Relationships of AZD3229, a Novel and Selective Inhibitor of KIT, in a Range of Mouse Xenograft Models of GIST (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PK model fit for AZD3229 dosed orally in the mouse&lt;/p&gt;
Range Expansion for Wireless Power Transfer using Joint Beamforming and Waveform Architecture: An Experimental Study in Indoor Environment (2020)

Far-field Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) has emerged as a potential power source for the Internet of Things (IoT) and Wireless Sensor Network (WSN).The expansion of the power transfer range is one of the key challenges to make the technology viable. In this paper, we experimentally study a channel-adaptive joint beamforming and waveform architecture to expand the power transfer range. WPT experiments have been conducted in a variety of wireless channels at various distances in a realistic indoor environment. The measurement data have been fitted using a simple analytical model to analyze the output DC power and achievable range improvement depending on the signal design schemes and the number of tones and antennas. The model shows a clear relationship between signal design versus output DC power and achievable range, and highlight the significant benefit of the proposed architecture to expand the power transfer range.
Thin 3D Multiplication Regions in Plasmonically Enhanced Nanopillar Avalanche Detectors (2012)

We demonstrate a nanopillar (NP) device structure for implementing plasmonically enhanced avalanche photodetector arrays with thin avalanche volumes (∼ 310 nm × 150 nm × 150 nm). A localized 3D electric field due to a core-shell PN junction in a NP acts as a multiplication region, while efficient light absorption takes place via surface plasmon polariton Bloch wave (SPP-BW) modes due to a self-aligned metal nanohole lattice. Avalanche gains of ∼216 at 730 nm at -12 V are obtained. We show through capacitance-voltage characterization, temperature-dependent breakdown measurements, and detailed device modeling that the avalanche region is on the order of the ionization path length, such that dead-space effects become significant. This work presents a clear path toward engineering dead space effects in thin 3D-confined multiplication regions for high performance avalanche detectors for applications in telecommunications, sensing and single photon detection.
Leucosceptrine (I) — A Novel Sesterterpene with Prolylendopeptidase Inhibitory Activity from Leucosceptrum canum (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Power enhancement and phase regimes in embedded microring resonators in analogy with electromagnetically induced transparency (2013)

Coupled microresonators exhibit great potential for nonlinear applications. In the present work, we explore the nonlinear performance of an embedded ring resonator analogous to an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) medium, also known as coupled resonator induced transparency (CRIT). Interestingly, an EIT-like amplitude response can have a remarkably different power enhancement factor that varies by more than one order of magnitude, which is attributed to the different phase regimes of the embedded micro-ring resonators. In addition to the non-monotonic phase profile reported in atomic EIT systems, the phase responses featuring 2 π and 4 π monotonic transitions are identified and analyzed. We also present an interesting phenomenon, in which the power enhancement changes greatly, even with the same transfer function (both intensity and phase responses). This reveals that wisely choosing the operating regime is critical to optimize nonlinear performance of the embedded double resonator system, without adding to design or fabrication difficulty.
Visual Implicit Memory in the Left Hemisphere: Evidence From Patients With Callosotomies and Right Occipital Lobe Lesions (2001)

Identification of visually presented objects and words is facilitated by implicit memory for past visual experiences with those items. Several behavioral and neuroimaging studies suggest that this form of memory is dependent on perceptual processes localized in the right occipital lobe. We tested this claim by examining implicit memory in patients with extensive right occipital lobe lesions, using lexical-decision mirror-reading, picture-fragment, and word-fragment-completion tests, and found that these patients exhibited normal levels of priming. We also examined implicit memory in patients with complete callosotomies, using standard and divided-visual-field word-fragment-completion procedures, and found that the isolated left hemisphere exhibited normal priming effects. The results indicate that the right occipital lobe does not play a necessary role in visual implicit memory, and that the isolated left hemisphere can support normal levels of visual priming in a variety of tasks.
Abstract 710: Notch1 Receptor Enhances Myocyte Differentiation of Cardiac Progenitor Cells and Myocardial Regeneration After Infarction (2007)

Cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) have been identified in the adult heart. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the commitment of CPCs to the myocyte lineage remain to be determined. Notch-1 is a transmembrane receptor activated by the DSL family of ligands which include Jagged1 and Delta-4. Upon ligand binding, the activated receptor undergoes cleavage by γ-secretase, and its intracellular portion (Notch intracellular domain, NICD) is released, translocates to the nucleus and exerts its function as a transcriptional regulator. The objective of this study was to determine whether the components of the Notch pathway are present in the CPCs of the adult mammalian heart and whether activation of the Notch-1 receptor promotes the differentiation of CPCs into myocytes. For this purpose, c-kit-positive CPCs were isolated from the mouse heart and analyzed by FACS and immunocytochemistry. Notch-1 receptor was detected in ~50% of c-kit-positive CPCs. CPCs were then plated on culture dishes coated with immobilized Jagged1 or Delta-4 and maintained in low-serum medium. Additional groups of cells were similarly exposed to the ligands but were also treated with γ-secretase inhibitor. After 5 days in culture, the number of CPCs was markedly lower in the presence of the Notch ligands and significantly higher in the presence of the γ-secretase inhibitor. After 8 days in culture, cells became confluent and did not express any longer c-kit. With respect to cells treated with the γ-secretase inhibitor, exposure to Jagged1 and Delta-4 resulted respectively in a 10-fold and 20-fold increase in the fraction of CPCs positive for Nkx2.5. These findings were consistent with a positive effect of Notch on CPC differentiation and Nkx2.5 upregulation. To establish whether Notch influenced cardiomyogenesis in vivo, infarcted mice were treated for 11 days with the γ-secretase inhibitor. The regenerative response of the infarcted heart, defined by the percentage of BrdU-positive myocytes distributed in the border zone, was 50% lower in animals that received the γ-secretase inhibitor. Thus, Notch1 modulates CPC differentiation in vitro and myocardial regeneration in vivo after infarction.
Persistence Pays Off (2002)

Constructing the next generation of optical, electronic, and magnetic materials requires creating organized, defect-free structures on a nanoscale. In his perspective,
 Ober
 discusses new work (
 Belcher
 et al.) that merges biomolecular engineering with materials science to create a nanocomposite of bacteriophage and ZnS nanoparticles. The nanoparticles occupy narrow layers periodically spaced by long viral rods.
INTERACTIVE METHOD FOR GROUPING OPERATIONS IN ASSEMBLY LINE DESIGN (2023)

The research work overviewed in this paper aims to develop a method to assist the production line designer for the choice of the best way to feed, to handle, and to insert parts in an assembly line.<br> They are a lot of criteria influencing his decision, which can be geometrical (symmetry, dimensions,...), mechanical (slipperiness, fitting,...), economical (pay-back period, cycle-time,...),... It is thus obviously a multicriteria decision-aid problem with three possible solutions : the manual method, the robotized and the automated ones.<br> The choice of the most significant criteria was based on an extensive literature review and on a very strong collaboration with a Belgian line integrator called FABRICOM which has helped us to quantify the influence of each criteria. In order to implement the decision-aid method in a user-friendly computer tool, we decided to use a statistical method, called PROMETHEE, which has shown in the past his efficiency for multicriteria decision-aid problems.<br> The paper describes, on the basis of industrial examples, different modules of the computer-aided package, not only for the choice of the assembly method, but also for the analysis of that choice and its archiving.<br> The link between the decision-aid tool and a CAD method for the layout of assembly lines is also presented.
P-C2 T-cell based lentiviral vaccines (2016)

The failure to elicit high (>80%) protective immunity in recent human and animal trials may be due to the inclusion of vaccine epitopes that enhance lentiviral infection. Therefore, 3 unique approaches were utilized in the selection and delivery of T-cell based vaccine epitopes. First, cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-associated epitopes conserved among lentiviruses: FIV, HIV-1 and SIV were analyzed for T-cell proliferation, cytokine and CTL-associated cytotoxin production, and viral enhancement. Second, selected epitopes from p24, MA, RT and Env were evaluated for reactivity to human (HLA) and feline (FLA) leukocyte antigen supertypes common in the general population of both humans and cats. Evaluation of FLA binding pockets in the cat model have demonstrated considerable similarity to those of HLA supertypes A3, B27, B44, A24, B7, A2, and A1 (EpiVax Inc). Third, lentivirally-conserved (LC) epitopes identified from p24 and RT peptides were constructed into multi-antigenic peptides (MAPs), and tested in the FIV-cat model. In a pilot vaccine study, MAP constructs of 4 FIV epitopes (2-p24, 2-RT) conferred complete protection in 1 cat with delayed infection in 2 cats (vaccine group, n = 4), whereas all 4 challenge-control cats were unprotected. Notably, the non-LC epitope and its MAP construct enhanced FIV infection, whereas the MAP consisting of overlapping epitopes had an overall inhibitory activity. Selected LC epitopes from p24, MA, RT and Env induced robust CTL and polyfunctional T-cell activity in humans and cats. An expanded study including 9 LC epitopes is ongoing (n = 18). Current results underscore the need for careful selection of protective epitopes and targeted exclusion of enhancing epitopes for any vaccine design.
Thermal Diffusivity of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Forest Measured by Laser Flash Method (2009)

The science and technology of carbon nanotubes are very interesting topics in the field of nanotechnology. It is considered that such nanotubes have excellent properties of electrical conduction, tensile strength, and thermal conduction. However, these properties are not well understood yet. Techniques for handling a nanotube and measuring these properties have not yet been established. Recently, a technique for synthesizing supergrowth carbon nanotubes, which form a highly pure single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) forest, has been developed. These supergrowth carbon nanotubes grow to as long as a millimeter scale. As-grown supergrowth carbon nanotubes include about 5×1011 SWNTs per square centimeter. The solid of supergrowth carbon nanotubes is prepared by reducing the distance between SWNTs. We have investigated the thermal conduction of such carbon nanotubes and were successful in measuring the thermal diffusivity of self-standing samples of as-grown supergrowth carbon nanotubes and their solid using the laser flash method. It was found that the carbon nanotube samples show a comparable thermal diffusivity to isotropic graphite. We have also measured the temperature dependence of the thermal diffusivity of the supergrowth carbon nanotube samples.
Design and implementation of a simple on-line time-activity curve detector for [O-15] water PET studies (2002)

A simple, automated on-line detector system has been fabricated and implemented to detect the arterial time-activity curve (TAC) for [O-15] water PET studies. This system offers two significant improvements over existing systems: a pump mechanism is not required to control arterial blood flow through the detector and dispersion correction of the time-activity curve is unnecessary. The [O-15] positrons emanating from a thin-walled, 0.134 cm inner-diameter plastic tube are detected by a 0.5 cm wide by 1.0 cm long by 0.1 cm thick plastic scintillator mounted to a miniature PMT. Photon background is shielded by a 2.0 cm thick cylindrical lead shield. Mean cerebral blood flow (mCBF) calculated from the TAC determined by 1-second automated sampling was compared to that calculated from every 5-second integrated manual samples. Improvements in timing resolution (1-sec vs. 5-sec) cause small but significant differences between the two sampling methods. Dispersion is minimized due to small tubing diameters, short lengths of tubing between the radial arterial sampling site and the detector and the presence of a 3-way valve 10 cm proximal to the detector.
Enhancing Cellular M2M Random Access with Binary Countdown Contention\n Resolution (2017)

Accommodating Machine-to-Machine applications and their requirements is one\nof the challenges on the way from LTE towards 5G networks. The envisioned high\ndensity of devices, alongside with their sporadic and synchronized transmission\npatterns, might create signaling storms and overload in the current LTE\nnetwork. Here, we address the notorious random access (RA) challenge, namely,\nscalability of the radio link connection establishment protocol in LTE\nnetworks. We revisit the binary countdown technique for contention resolution\n(BCCR), and apply it to the LTE RA procedure. We analytically investigate the\nperformance gains and trade-offs of applying BCCR in LTE. We further\nsimulatively compare BCCR RA with the state-of-the-art RA techniques, and\ndemonstrate its advantages in terms of delay and throughput.\n
Impact of fiber loss and Aeff on OSNR improvement for hybrid-Raman/EDFA amplified systems (2015)

OSNR improvement related to fiber loss and Aeff is theoretically and experimentally investigated in hybrid Raman/EDFA amplified systems. Pure-silica-core fiber with Aeff of 110μm2 is appropriate for terrestrial long-haul links, exhibiting optimal OSNR performance.
Combining FF-OCT with SD-OCT for retinal imaging (2017)

We show for the first time FF-OCT combined with SD-OCT for real time matching of the optical path length of FF-OCT to demonstrate high resolution en face retinal imaging.
Natural language interaction in goal-directed C&C: a comparative analysis of semantic inference (2002)

In sufficiently limited domains, natural language interaction is possible even in the absence of actual natural language understanding. This is particularly true for goal-directed command and control, where the understanding task can essentially be cast as an N-way classification problem. The notion of data-driven semantic inference was recently introduced as an approach to such tasks which in principle allows for unrestricted command/query formulation. This approach relies on a latent semantic analysis framework, whereby each unconstrained word string is automatically mapped onto the intended action through a semantic classification against the set of supported concepts. The objective of this paper is to compare semantic inference with other like-minded N-way classification methods, such as those based on finite-state grammars or nearest neighbor techniques. All experiments are conducted in the context of a desktop user interface control task involving 113 different actions. Results illustrate some of the benefits of semantic inference, specifically in terms of performance and robustness.
Ensemble Modeling for Robustness Analysis in engineering non-native metabolic pathways (2014)

Metabolic pathways in cells must be sufficiently robust to tolerate fluctuations in expression levels and changes in environmental conditions. Perturbations in expression levels may lead to system failure due to the disappearance of a stable steady state. Increasing evidence has suggested that biological networks have evolved such that they are intrinsically robust in their network structure. In this article, we presented Ensemble Modeling for Robustness Analysis (EMRA), which combines a continuation method with the Ensemble Modeling approach, for investigating the robustness issue of non-native pathways. EMRA investigates a large ensemble of reference models with different parameters, and determines the effects of parameter drifting until a bifurcation point, beyond which a stable steady state disappears and system failure occurs. A pathway is considered to have high bifurcational robustness if the probability of system failure is low in the ensemble. To demonstrate the utility of EMRA, we investigate the bifurcational robustness of two synthetic central metabolic pathways that achieve carbon conservation: non-oxidative glycolysis and reverse glyoxylate cycle. With EMRA, we determined the probability of system failure of each design and demonstrated that alternative designs of these pathways indeed display varying degrees of bifurcational robustness. Furthermore, we demonstrated that target selection for flux improvement should consider the trade-offs between robustness and performance.
On the Need for Energy Efficiency Metrics That Span Integrated IT-Facility Infrastructures (2011)

Infrastructure efficiency metrics, such as Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) and Data Center Infrastructure Efficiency (DCiE), have gained much traction within the industry for evaluating data center energy efficiency. Gradually, however, as the lines between traditional IT systems in the data center and the facility infrastructure supporting the data center get blurred, adaptations to the usage of infrastructure efficiency metrics will be required. This paper presents three cases where holistic data center energy efficiency does not necessarily track infrastructure efficiency, implicitly emphasizing the need for new metrics that address the IT-facility infrastructure in holistic fashion.
Designing Random FM Radar Waveforms with Compact Spectrum (2021)

Spectrally-shaped random FM (RFM) waveforms have recently been shown to greatly expand radar design freedom, provide good spectral containment, and are amenable to physical implementation in high-power transmitters. A key design factor involves ways of enforcing a Gaussian spectral density via optimization, which leads to a Gaussian autocorrelation that theoretically has no range sidelobes. However, the gradual roll-off for this spectrum means that, for fixed transmitter bandwidth, the passband component must be narrower than for classical linear FM (LFM), thereby trading achievable range resolution. Here we examine the impact of using the family of super-Gaussian spectra to serve as alternative design templates. Using the temporal template error (TTE) RFM design scheme to generate physical waveforms in this context, radar performance trade-offs are examined to assess practical viability.
Exploration of heuristic rules for green home design decision support system (2012)

Through a serious of energy simulation sessions, it is possible to compare energy performance pertaining to the different internal layouts applicable to typical apartment housing units to identify generalized rules for residential building design strategies and generating energy-saving alternatives. We explored the impact of different attributes of the internal walls such as length, material, geometry, and location on the heating load profiles by using multiple sensitivity analyses based on the Design Builder simulation tool. The results are summarized into a set of heuristic rules for evaluating apartment unit's internal layout design alternatives to maximize their energy performance.
Accelerated Arene Ligand Exchange in the (Arene)Cr(CO)2L Series (2005)

Arene ligand exchange in the (eta(6)-arene)Cr(CO)(2)L series can be accelerated if the ligand L is an electronically unsymmetrical bidentate ligand. The system evaluated here employs derivatives of tris(pyrrolyl)phosphine as L. A series of 2-L'-substituted pyrroles was prepared, where the substituents include: L' = -SMe, -CH(2)SMe, -SPh, -CH(2)SPh, -SCF(3), -S-tBu, -CO(2)Me, -CONMe(2), -2-pyridinyl, and -PPh(2). Reaction with ClP(pyrrolyl)(2) gave a new series of phosphines, (2-L'-pyrrolyl)(pyrrolyl)(2)P. Each of these phosphines was converted to (arene)Cr(CO)(2)[P(2-L'-pyrrolyl)(pyrrolyl)(2)P) complexes. The substituents L'are proposed to provide temporary coordination to the Cr and to lower the barrier to arene exchange. The series was evaluated where the arene in the complex (departing) is benzene, fluorobenzene, toluene, o-xylene, m-xylene, or p-xylene and the incoming arene is C(6)D(6), chlorobenzene-d(5), anisole-d(8), fluorobenzene-d(5), toluene-d(8), o-xylene-d(10), m-xylene-d(10), p-xylene-d(10), or mesitylene-d(12). Most of the new complexes showed a significant increase in the rate of arene exchange due to the side chain unit L'. The strongest effects were seen with the examples where X = -CO(2)Me, -CONMe(2), and -(2-pyridinyl), allowing exchange with a half lifetime as low as 8 h/22 degrees C.