gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from MicroRNA-221 Targets Bmf in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Correlates with Tumor Multifocality (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Deregulated cell proliferation and apoptosis play a major role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MicroRNAs participate in the modulation of key molecules linked to hepatocarcinogenesis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; This study aims to investigate the role of miR-221 in the modulation of Bmf, a proapoptotic BH3-only protein, and to characterize miR-221 contribution to hepatocarcinogenesis through modulation of apoptosis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Transfection of miR-221 and anti-miR-221 in HCC-derived cell lines and luciferase reporter assay were used to assess Bmf as a target of miR-221. Modulation of miR-221 and Bmf expression contributed to characterize their role in anoikis. Primary HCC tissues were analyzed to assess the clinical relevance of &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; findings.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Enforced miR-221 expression caused Bmf down-regulation, whereas anti-miR-221 induced its up-regulation. A luciferase reporter assay confirmed Bmf as a target of miR-221. Following matrix detachment, miR-221 silencing led to increased apoptotic cell death. The analysis of HCC tissues revealed an inverse correlation between miR-221 and Bmf expression and a direct correlation between Bmf and activated caspase-3, as a marker of apoptosis. High miR-221 levels were associated with tumor multifocality and reduced time to recurrence after surgery.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Our results indicate that miR-221, by targeting Bmf, inhibits apoptosis. Moreover, in HCC, miR-221 overexpression is associated with a more aggressive phenotype. These findings, together with the previously reported modulation of CDKN1B/p27 and CDKN1C/p57, show that miR-221 simultaneously affects multiple pro-oncogenic pathways and suggest miR-221 as a potential target for nonconventional treatment against HCC. (Clin Cancer Res 2009;15(16):5073–81)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
A Low-Flicker-Noise 30-GHz Class-F23 Oscillator in 28-nm CMOS Using Implicit Resonance and Explicit Common-Mode Return Path (2018)

This paper presents a millimeter-wave (mmW) frequency generation stage aimed at minimizing phase noise (PN) via waveform shaping and harmonic extraction while suppressing flicker noise upconversion via proper harmonic terminations. A 2nd-harmonic resonance is assisted by a proposed embedded decoupling capacitor inside a transformer for explicit common-mode current return path. Class-F operation with 3rd-harmonic boosting and extraction techniques allow maintaining high quality factor of a 10-GHz tank at the 30-GHz frequency generation. We further propose a comprehensive quantitative analysis method of flicker noise upconversion mechanism exploiting latest insights into the flicker noise mechanisms in nanoscale short-channel transistors, and it is numerically verified against foundry models. The proposed 27.3to 31.2-GHz oscillator is implemented in TSMC 28-nm CMOS. It achieves PN of -106 dBc/Hz at 1-MHz offset and figure-of-merit (FoM) of -184 dBc/Hz at 27.3 GHz. Its flicker phase-noise (1/f <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ) corner of 120 kHz is an order-of-magnitude better than currently achievable at mmW.
Differential regulation of Cav2.2 channel exon 37 variants by alternatively spliced μ-opioid receptors (2019)

We have examined the regulation of mutually exclusive Cav2.2 exon 37a and b variants by the mouse μ-opioid receptor (mMOR) C-terminal splice variants 1, 1C and 1O in tsA-201 cells. Electrophysiological analyses revealed that both channel isoforms exhibit DAMGO-induced voltage-dependent (Gβγ-mediated) inhibition and its recovery by voltage pre-pulses, as well as a voltage-independent component. However, the two channel isoforms differ in their relative extent of voltage-dependent and independent inhibition, with Cav2.2-37b showing significantly more voltage-dependent inhibition upon activation of the three mMOR receptors studied. In addition, coexpression of either mMOR1 or mMOR1C results in an agonist-independent reduction in the peak current density of Cav2.2-37a channels, whereas the peak current density of Cav2.2-37b does not appear to be affected. Interestingly, this decrease is not due to an effect on channel expression at the plasma membrane, as demonstrated by biotinylation experiments. We further examined the mechanism underlying the agonist-independent modulation of Cav2.2-37a by mMOR1C. Incubation of cells with pertussis toxin did not affect the mMOR1C mediated inhibition of Cav2.2-37a currents, indicating a lack of involvement of Gi/o signaling. However, when a Src tyrosine kinase inhibitor was applied, the effect of mMOR1C was lost. Moreover, when we recorded currents using a Cav2.2-37a mutant in which tyrosine 1747 was replaced with phenylalanine (Y1747F), the agonist independent effects of mMOR1C were abolished. Altogether our findings show that Cav2.2-37a and Cav2.2-37b isoforms are subject to differential regulation by C-terminal splice variants of mMORs, and that constitutive mMOR1C activity and downstream tyrosine kinase activity exert a selective inhibition of the Cav2.2-37a splice variant, an N-type channel isoform that is highly enriched in nociceptors. Our study provides new insights into the roles of the MOR full-length C-terminal variants in modulating Cav2.2 channel isoform activities.
Electrochemical performance of layered Li[Li0.15Ni0.275–xMgxMn0.575]O2 cathode materials for lithium secondary batteries (2002)

The Li[Li0.15Ni0.275−xMgxMn0.575]O2 (x = 0, 0.02, and 0.04) powders have been synthesized using a sol–gel method. The layered structure of the materials is stabilized by a small amount of Mg substitution for Ni. The structural stability and cycling behavior are improved by an increase in the Mg content. The XAS measurements show that charge compensation by delithiation could be achieved by the oxidation of the oxygen ion as well as by the oxidation of Ni2+ to Ni3+, while maintaining the Mn atoms in the 4+ oxidation state.
A dc plasma source for plasma–material interaction experiments (2014)

A new device has been constructed for the investigation of interactions between engineered materials and a plasma in regimes relevant to electric propulsion and pulsed power devices. A linear plasma source, consisting of a hollow cathode, cylindrical anode, and axial magnetic field, delivers a 3 cm diameter beam to a biased target 70 cm away. The ion energy impacting the surface is controlled by biasing the sample from 0 to 500 V below the local plasma potential. This paper discusses the major aspects of the plasma source design and presents measurements of the plasma parameters achieved to date on argon and xenon. Experiments show that splitting the gas injection between the hollow cathode and the anode region provides control of the discharge voltage to minimize cathode sputtering while providing ion fluxes to the target in excess of 1021 m−2 s−1. Sputtering rate measurements on a non-textured molybdenum sample show close agreement with those established in the literature.
Pioglitazone prevents corporal veno‐occlusive dysfunction in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (2006)

Type 2 diabetes in Zucker fa/fa rats was associated with penile corporal fibrosis, oxidative stress, and CVOD, which were ameliorated by long-term low-dose pioglitazone, suggesting that this drug might protect the SM, independently from its antidiabetic effect.
A Study on Quality Metrics for 360 Video Communications (2017)

360 videos have recently become a popular virtual reality content type. However, a good quality metric for 360 videos is still an open issue. In this work, our goal is to identify appropriate objective quality metrics for 360 video communications. Especially, fourteen objective quality measures at different processing phases are considered. Also, a subjective test is conducted in this study. The relationship between objective quality and subjective quality is investigated. It is found that most of the PSNR-related quality measures are well correlated with subjective quality. However, for evaluating video quality across different contents, a content-based quality metric is needed.
Design Optimization of Energy‐Storing Hybrid Supercapacitor Composite for Electric Vehicle's Body Panel (2022)

As electric vehicles (EVs) are evolving, innovative technologies like “energized composite” that can store energy in the car's body helps extend its range per charge. The composite's unique ability to function as both structural body panel and charge storage medium stems from its unique pattern design between “electrochemical areas (EcA)” and “epoxy area (EpA)”. Herein, a design optimization study is presented to obtain a balanced ratio between EcA versus EpA to maximize the charge storage ability of the composite while maintaining a decent tensile and bending strength. Simulations using ANSYS software and experimental confirmation using universal testing machines and electrochemical analyzers are used to derive optimum ratios between EcA and EpA. Uniaxial tension test and 3‐point bend test have been performed to optimize the tensile and bend strengths, whereas cyclic voltammetry, galvanic charge–discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy are used to determine the electrochemical performance of various design configurations by modulating the ratios of EcA versus EpA. Overall, the highest achieved energy storage per lamina is 2531 mWh m −2 for a maximum of 81.6% EcA with a tensile strength of 417.73 MPa and bending strength of 263.13 MPa. This study is highly beneficial for EVs and aerospace applications.
Distinctive detection of insulinoma using [18F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 PET/CT (2021)

Specifying the exact localization of insulinoma remains challenging due to the lack of insulinoma-specific imaging methods. Recently, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R)-targeted imaging, especially positron emission tomography (PET), has emerged. Although various radiolabeled GLP-1R agonist exendin-4-based probes with chemical modifications for PET imaging have been investigated, an optimal candidate probe and its scanning protocol remain a necessity. Thus, we investigated the utility of a novel exendin-4-based probe conjugated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) for [<sup>18</sup>F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 PET imaging for insulinoma detection. We utilized [<sup>18</sup>F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 PET/CT to visualize mouse tumor models, which were generated using rat insulinoma cell xenografts. The probe demonstrated high uptake value on the tumor as 37.1 ± 0.4%ID/g, with rapid kidney clearance. Additionally, we used Pdx1-Cre;Trp53<sup>R172H</sup>;Rb<sup>f/f</sup> mice, which developed endogenous insulinoma and glucagonoma, since they enabled differential imaging evaluation of our probe in functional pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms. In this model, our [<sup>18</sup>F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 PET/CT yielded favorable sensitivity and specificity for insulinoma detection. Sensitivity: 30-min post-injection 66.7%, 60-min post-injection 83.3%, combined 100% and specificity: 30-min post-injection 100%, 60-min post-injection 100%, combined 100%, which was corroborated by the results of in vitro time-based analysis of internalized probe accumulation. Accordingly, [<sup>18</sup>F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 is a promising PET imaging probe for visualizing insulinoma.
Predicting reuse of end-user web macro scripts (2009)

Repositories of code written by end-user programmers are beginning to emerge, but when a piece of code is new or nobody has yet reused it, then current repositories provide users with no information about whether that code might be appropriate for reuse. Addressing this problem requires predicting reusability based on information that exists when a script is created. To provide such a model for web macro scripts, we identified script traits that might plausibly predict reuse, then used IBM CoScripter repository logs to statistically test how well each corresponded to reuse. We then built a machine learning model that combines the useful traits and evaluated how well it can predict four different types of reuse that we saw in the repository logs. Our model was able to predict reuse from a surprisingly small set of traits. It is simple enough to be explained in only 6-11 rules, making it potentially viable for integration in repository search engines for end-user programmers.
Analysis of active damping of a silicon microphone using a linear controller (2008)

This paper presents a model of a silicon microphone with active electronic damping. The microphone has low passive damping to minimize thermal noise, and employs active damping from electrostatic actuation to improve its dynamic performance. To apply the linear robust control approach, the nonlinear dynamic system is modeled as a linear system with bounded parameters, and a controller is designed using the H <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</inf> method which successfully drives the electrostatic actuator to generate the desired active damping. The effectiveness of the controller has been verified through simulation in both frequency and time domains.
Alternative formulations for bit allocation with dependent quantization (2002)

We discuss formulations to solve the bit-allocation problem with dependencies. These formulations are more generic than those known earlier in that we relax a so-called causality assumption. We study the incremental improvement obtained by having a dependency structure in optimal quantization choices. As a way to solve this problem approximately, we discuss novel rounding procedures based on some relaxation of the original problem (either the LP relaxation or a Lagrange relaxation). The rounding algorithms perform extremely close to optimality. Our results also show an improvement of around 0.5 dB over the best causally-optimal solution.
Prediction of medication non‐adherence and associated outcomes in pediatric kidney transplant recipients (2015)

Studies have continued to evaluate risk factors associated with post-transplant non-adherence in pediatric patients. However, many of these studies fail to evaluate how risk factors can be utilized to predict MNA. The aims of this study were to (i) determine salient risk factors associated with MNA to develop an adequate predictive risk model and (ii) assess transplant outcomes based on the presence of MNA in a large, diverse cohort of pediatric KTX recipients. One hundred and seventy-five solitary pediatric KTX recipients transplanted from 1999 to 2013 were included. AA, males, older patients, those who lived in urban environments, had legal issues, and lived shorter distances from the transplant center were more likely to have MNA. Using logistic regression, a parsimonious model applying nine risk factors together was developed for predicting MNA, demonstrating a PPV of 69% and a NPV of 81%. Patients with MNA had more than twice the risk of biopsy proven acute rejection, 1.6 times the risk of hospitalization, and 1.8 times the risk of graft loss. Utilization of a predictive model to determine risk of MNA after pediatric KTX may offer clinicians the ability to efficiently and effectively monitor MNA following transplant.
A neural net acoustic phonetic feature extractor based on wavelets (2002)

An experimental speech processing system for extracting acoustic phonetic features from speaker independent continuous speech has been built and tested. The system uses wavelet analysis to preprocess the speech, and a two-layer receptive field neural network to recognize the phonetic features. The recognizer was implemented in software on a desktop computer, and DARPA's TIMIT CD-ROM database of continuous speech was used for both training and testing. Preliminary results, using a network trained to recognize voicing and frication, are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
MRI in ischemic heart disease: expansion of the current capabilities with MR contrast. (1991)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to identify acute and chronic myocardial infarctions and the complications of myocardial infarctions. Studies in animals have shown high accuracy in the quantification of the volume (mass) of acute myocardial infarctions. However, the role of MRI in ischemic heart disease has been limited by the inability to detect noninfarctional myocardial ischemia or to reliably indicate relative myocardial perfusion. Studies in animal models of various myocardial ischemic events have shown that these aims can be addressed using MR contrast media. The effect of MR contrast media on regional myocardial signal intensity is complex and determined by several factors, including: (1) the type of contrast medium; (2) the dose of the contrast medium; (3) the T1- or T2-weighting of the imaging sequence; and (4) the type of imaging technique applied (spin echo, gradient echo, or echoplanar). This article describes some of the potential applications of MR contrast media in ischemic heart disease and the several factors that interact to cause the regional myocardial signal alterations induced by MR contrast media.
Effect of substrate miscut on low-temperature homoepitaxial growth on Si(111) mediated by overlayers of Au: Evidence of step flow (1997)

Observations of homoepitaxial growth on low-angle miscut (∼0.1°) Si(111) substrates through an overlayer of Au, together with earlier results on highly miscut Si(111) surfaces, indicate that growth in this system occurs by step flow. The growth temperatures were between 375 and 500 °C. In the optimum range of Au coverage (0.6–1.0 ML), ion channeling measurements yield at best χmin=5.0%, and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy reveals stacking faults on (111) planes. Films produced under similar conditions on bare Si(111) substrates are much more defective. On the other hand, the defect density in the present films is higher than that in films grown on substrates with a higher miscut angle. The improvement in film quality resulting from the Au overlayers is attributed to an increase in the diffusion length of the Si adatoms, caused by Au passivation of the Si terraces. It is suggested that Au is more efficient than other overlayers in promoting step flow because Au passivates the Si(111) terraces without passivating the step edges.
Acute Knockdown of Uncoupling Protein-2 Increases Uncoupling via the Adenine Nucleotide Transporter and Decreases Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Kidneys (2012)

Increased O(2) metabolism resulting in chronic hypoxia is common in models of endstage renal disease. Mitochondrial uncoupling increases O(2) consumption but the ensuing reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential may limit excessive oxidative stress. The present study addressed the hypothesis that mitochondrial uncoupling regulates mitochondria function and oxidative stress in the diabetic kidney. Isolated mitochondria from kidney cortex of control and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were studied before and after siRNA knockdown of uncoupling protein-2 (UCP-2). Diabetes resulted in increased UCP-2 protein expression and UCP-2-mediated uncoupling, but normal mitochondria membrane potential. This uncoupling was inhibited by GDP, which also increased the membrane potential. siRNA reduced UCP-2 protein expression in controls and diabetics (-30-50%), but paradoxically further increased uncoupling and markedly reduced the membrane potential. This siRNA mediated uncoupling was unaffected by GDP but was blocked by ADP and carboxyatractylate (CAT). Mitochondria membrane potential after UCP-2 siRNA was unaffected by GDP but increased by CAT. This demonstrated that further increased mitochondria uncoupling after siRNA towards UCP-2 is mediated through the adenine nucleotide transporter (ANT). The increased oxidative stress in the diabetic kidney, manifested as increased thiobarbituric acids, was reduced by knocking down UCP-2 whereas whole-body oxidative stress, manifested as increased circulating malondialdehyde, remained unaffected. All parameters investigated were unaffected by scrambled siRNA. In conclusion, mitochondrial uncoupling via UCP-2 regulates mitochondria membrane potential in diabetes. However, blockade of the diabetes-induced upregulation of UCP- 2 results in excessive uncoupling and reduced oxidative stress in the kidney via activation of ANT.
ChemInform Abstract: Stabilization of High‐Temperature Antimony Oxide with Molybdenum Incorporation. (1986)

Abstract Die Gegenwart von MoO 3 bewirkt, daß die a‐ β‐ Umwandlung von Sb 2 O 4 statt bei 935 bei 850°C erfolgt und gleichzeitig Mo in der Hochtemp.‐Form (B) aufgelöst wird.
Bridging the Gap to Translating Genome-Wide Discoveries Into Therapies to Prevent and Treat Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (2022)

ardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in men and women worldwide, with alarming evidence that mortality rates are now increasing for the first time in more than half a century. 1 Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading contributor to cardiovascular disease burden, and atherosclerosis in the coronary artery is the predominant underlying pathophysiology of clinical CAD. Coronary atherosclerosis results from interplay of a number of cells/tissue types, including mononuclear (macrophages) cells, vascular endothelium, vascular smooth muscle, and platelets that contribute to lipid deposition, inflammation, and thrombosis. 2 CAD risk is influenced by environmental exposures, comorbid illnesses, and underlying genetic risk factors. A clarified understanding of each has and will continue to contribute to early detection and improved intervention in CAD.
A technique to approximate the eigenvalues of autocorrelation functions (2003)

The authors consider multipath propagation in which one or more attenuated and delay versions of the same radiated signal are received at a single sensor or a beamformed array of sensors. They propose a probabilistic model for the eigenvalues and investigate the use of the theory of moments to obtain an approximation to the eigenvalues of a homogeneous Fredholm integral equation of the second kind and Hermitian kernel. A numerical example to demonstrate the performance of the technique proposed is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Process-Based Modeling of Deep Water Depositional Systems (2010)

Physics-based forward numerical models have a wide variety of applications in areas such as geomorphology, stratigraphy, and geologic modeling. In this paper, the ExxonMobil process-based forward numerical models for simulating shallow and deep water depositional systems are introduced. Based on the physics of fluid flow and sediment transport, these models are capable of modeling many important natural geomorphic processes, such as channel initiation, lobe deposition, knick-point migration, channel avulsion, and formation of sedimentary waves, levees, and channel mouth bars.