gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Scene reconstruction from high spatio-angular resolution light fields (2013)

This paper describes a method for scene reconstruction of complex, detailed environments from 3D light fields. Densely sampled light fields in the order of 10 9 light rays allow us to capture the real world in unparalleled detail, but efficiently processing this amount of data to generate an equally detailed reconstruction represents a significant challenge to existing algorithms. We propose an algorithm that leverages coherence in massive light fields by breaking with a number of established practices in image-based reconstruction. Our algorithm first computes reliable depth estimates specifically around object boundaries instead of interior regions, by operating on individual light rays instead of image patches. More homogeneous interior regions are then processed in a fine-to-coarse procedure rather than the standard coarse-to-fine approaches. At no point in our method is any form of global optimization performed. This allows our algorithm to retain precise object contours while still ensuring smooth reconstructions in less detailed areas. While the core reconstruction method handles general unstructured input, we also introduce a sparse representation and a propagation scheme for reliable depth estimates which make our algorithm particularly effective for 3D input, enabling fast and memory efficient processing of "Gigaray light fields" on a standard GPU. We show dense 3D reconstructions of highly detailed scenes, enabling applications such as automatic segmentation and image-based rendering, and provide an extensive evaluation and comparison to existing image-based reconstruction techniques.
The Papillomavirus Minor Capsid Protein, L2, Induces Localization of the Major Capsid Protein, L1, and the Viral Transcription/Replication Protein, E2, to PML Oncogenic Domains (1998)

We have used immunofluorescent staining and confocal microscopy to examine the subcellular localization of structural and nonstructural bovine papillomavirus (BPV) proteins in cultured cells that produce infectious virions. When expressed separately, L1, the major capsid protein, showed a diffuse nuclear distribution while L2, the minor capsid protein, was found to localize to punctate nuclear regions identified as promonocytic leukemia protein (PML) oncogenic domains (PODs). Coexpression of L1 and L2 induced a relocation of L1 into the PODs, leading to the colocalization of L1 and L2. The effect of L2 expression on the distribution of the nonstructural viral proteins E1 and E2, which are required for maintenance of the genome and viral DNA synthesis, was also examined. The localization of the E1 protein was unaffected by L2 expression. However, the pattern of anti-E2 staining was dramatically altered in L2-expressing cells. Similar to L1, E2 was shifted from a dispersed nuclear locality into the PODs and colocalized with L2. The recruitment of full-length E2 by L2 occurred in the absence of other viral components. L2 was shown previously to be essential for the generation of infectious BPV. Our present results provide evidence for a role for L2 in the organization of virion components by recruiting them to a distinct nuclear domain. This L2-dependent colocalization probably serves as a mechanism to promote the assembly of papillomaviruses either by increasing the local concentration of virion constituents or by providing the physical architecture necessary for efficient packaging and assembly. The data also suggest a role for a nonstructural viral protein, E2, in virion assembly, specifically the recruitment of the viral genome to the sites of assembly, through its high-affinity interaction with specific sequences in the viral DNA.
Fatigue behaviour of FDM-3D printed polymers, polymeric composites and architected cellular materials (2020)

Polymer-based materials are increasingly produced through fused deposition modelling (FDM) – an additive manufacturing process, due to its intrinsic advantages in manufacturing complex shapes and structures at low overhead costs. The versatility of this technology has attracted several industries to print complex geometrical structures. This underlines the importance of studying the mechanical strength of FDM printed polymeric materials, especially their fatigue behaviour in cyclic loading conditions. Conventionally manufactured polymeric materials (e.g. injection moulding) have superior fatigue performance than FDM printed materials. Unlike conventionally manufactured polymers, FDM-made polymers have layer by layer adhesion and the influence of printing parameters make fatigue analysis complex and critical. The influences of printing parameters and printing material characteristics have a significant impact on the fatigue behaviour of these materials. The underlying mechanism behind the fatigue of FDM printed polymers is crucial for the assessment of these materials in structural applications. However, the fatigue behaviour of FDM printed polymeric materials has not been reviewed in detail. Therefore, this article aims to evaluate 3D printed polymeric materials’ fatigue properties. The importance of fatigue in the FDM printed biomedical materials is also reviewed, and more importantly, the novel FDM printed architected cellular material fatigue properties are also introduced.
Selectfluor: Mechanistic Insight and Applications (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Generating micro/nanostructures on magnesium alloy surface using ultraprecision diamond surface texturing process (2022)

The lightness and high strength-to-weight ratio of the magnesium alloy have attracted more interest in various applications. However, micro/nanostructure generation on their surfaces remains a challenge due to the flammability and ignition. Motivated by this, this study proposed a machining process, named the ultraprecision diamond surface texturing process, to machine the micro/nanostructures on magnesium alloy surfaces. Experimental results showed the various microstructures and sawtooth-shaped nanostructures were successfully generated on the AZ31B magnesium alloy surfaces, demonstrating the effectiveness of this proposed machining process. Furthermore, sawtooth-shaped nanostructures had the function of inducing the optical effect and generating different colors on workpiece surfaces. The colorful letter and colorful flower image were clearly viewed on magnesium alloy surfaces. The corresponding cutting force, chip morphology, and tool wear were systematically investigated to understand the machining mechanism of micro/nanostructures on magnesium alloy surfaces. The proposed machining process can further improve the performances of the magnesium alloy and extend its functions to other fields, such as optics.
Multivariate Statistik. Zur Optimierung des Wasserressourcen-Managements im Hardwald (2017)

Das Trinkwassergewinnungsgebiet Hardwald ist geologisch und hydrogeologisch komplex, zudem existieren zahlreiche Randeinflüsse sowie diverse historische Belastungen. Um eine gute Trinkwasserqualität zu gewährleisten, ist es deshalb von grosser Bedeutung, mögliche Mischungsprozesse verschiedener Wässer zu identifizieren. Hierfür wurde im Rahmen des Projekts «Regionale Wasserversorgung Basel-Landschaft 21» die zur Verfügung stehende Datenmenge zur Hydrochemie ausgewertet.
Les récoltes botaniques de l'expédition Baudin aux Terres australes (1801-1803) (2010)

http://www.editions-universite-bruxelles.be/fiche/view/2643
Immunohistochemical Analysis of Cardiac Tissue (2013)

Immunohistochemistry identifies antigens, usually proteins, in thin sections of normal or diseased tissues. The antibody–antigen interaction is visualized in a number of ways. Most commonly, particularly in diagnostic clinical practice, the antibody is conjugated to an enzyme, which catalyzes a reaction yielding a colored product. This chapter discusses applications employing antibodies tagged with a fluorophore, such as fluorescein or rhodamine. Working with fluorescent dyes imposes on the investigator several additional challenges, which are not encountered with the enzyme-based techniques. These problems are discussed in the protocols listed in this chapter. The first protocol deals with labeling of a primary antibody. The second protocol focuses on the usage of the citrate-based solution to enhance the staining intensity of antibodies. The third protocol combines staining for a-sarcomeric actin, a-smooth muscle actin, and von Willebrand factor. The last protocol focuses on ligand-blocking of an antibody.
Influence of volcanic tephra on photovoltaic (PV)-modules: An experimental study with application to the 2010 Eyjafjallajokull eruption, Iceland (2016)

Author: Zorn, Edgar et al.; Genre: Journal Article; Finally published : 2016; Open Access; Title: Influence of volcanic tephra on photovoltaic (PV)-modules: an experimental study with application to the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption, Iceland
Optical Neural Interfaces (2014)

Genetically encoded optical actuators and indicators have changed the landscape of neuroscience, enabling targetable control and readout of specific components of intact neural circuits in behaving animals. Here, we review the development of optical neural interfaces, focusing on hardware designed for optical control of neural activity, integrated optical control and electrical readout, and optical readout of population and single-cell neural activity in freely moving mammals.
Re: Improved Clinical Staging System Combining Biopsy Laterality and TNM Stage for Men With T1c and T2 Prostate Cancer: Results From the Search Database (2004)

No AccessJournal of UrologyCLINICAL UROLOGY: Letters to the Editor1 Mar 2004Re: Improved Clinical Staging System Combining Biopsy Laterality and TNM Stage for Men With T1c and T2 Prostate Cancer: Results From the Search Database Mark K. Buyyounouski, Eric M. Horwitz, Alexandra L. Hanlon, Robert G. Uzzo, and Alan Pollack Mark K. BuyyounouskiMark K. Buyyounouski More articles by this author , Eric M. HorwitzEric M. Horwitz More articles by this author , Alexandra L. HanlonAlexandra L. Hanlon More articles by this author , Robert G. UzzoRobert G. Uzzo More articles by this author , and Alan PollackAlan Pollack More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/01.ju.0000112942.17306.26AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: Improved Clinical Staging System Combining Biopsy Laterality and TNM Stage for Men With T1c and T2 Prostate Cancer: Results From the Search Database." The Journal of Urology, 171(3), pp. 1246–1247 Departments of Radiation Oncology and Urology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania© 2004 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 171Issue 3March 2004Page: 1246-1247 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2004 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Mark K. Buyyounouski More articles by this author Eric M. Horwitz More articles by this author Alexandra L. Hanlon More articles by this author Robert G. Uzzo More articles by this author Alan Pollack More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Optimized Monotonic Convex Pair Potentials Stabilize Low-Coordinated\n Crystals (2010)

We have previously used inverse statistical-mechanical methods to optimize\nisotropic pair interactions with multiple extrema to yield low-coordinated\ncrystal classical ground states (e.g., honeycomb and diamond structures) in\nd-dimensional Euclidean space R^d. Here we demonstrate the counterintuitive\nresult that no extrema are required to produce such low-coordinated classical\nground states. Specifically, we show that monotonic convex pair potentials can\nbe optimized to yield classical ground states that are the square and honeycomb\ncrystals in R^2 over a non-zero number density range. Such interactions may be\nfeasible to achieve experimentally using colloids and polymers.\n
Pressure compression of CdSe nanoparticles into luminescent nanowires (2017)

Oriented attachment (OA) of synthetic nanocrystals is emerging as an effective means of fabricating low-dimensional nanoscale materials. However, OA relies on energetically favorable nanocrystal facets to grow nanostructured materials. Consequently, nanostructures synthesized through OA are generally limited to a specific crystal facet in their final morphology. We report our discovery that high-pressure compression can induce consolidation of spherical CdSe nanocrystal arrays, leading to unexpected one-dimensional semiconductor nanowires that do not exhibit the typical crystal facet. In particular, in situ high-pressure synchrotron x-ray scattering, optical spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy characterizations indicate that by manipulating the coupling between nanocrystals through external pressure, a reversible change in nanocrystal assemblies and properties can be achieved at modest pressure. When pressure is increased above a threshold, these nanocrystals begin to contact one another and consolidate, irreversibly forming one-dimensional luminescent nanowires. High-fidelity molecular dynamics (MD) methods were used to calculate surface energies and simulate compression and coalescence mechanisms of CdSe nanocrystals. The MD results provide new insight into nanowire assembly dynamics and phase stability of nanocrystalline structures.
Synthesis of Porous Nanostructured Silica Particles by an Aerosol Templating Method (2008)

Nanostructured spherical silica (SiO2) particles having both mesopores and macropores were prepared by using an aerosol templating method with colloidal mixtures of polystyrene latex (PSL) particles and silica nanoparticles. The as-prepared particles showed bimodal size distribution consisting of mesopores ranged 2 to 20 nm and macropores ranged 60 to 160 nm. As the PSL size decreased, mesopores size increased due to a reduction in packing rates of primary SiO2 nanoparticles composing the walls of nanostructured porous particles. With an increment of the weight ratio of PSL/SiO2, mesopores size increased but mesopores volume decreased due to the broken structure of particles and the reduction in the packing rates. Mesopores disappeared when the furnace temperature was 900 o C. The residuals of organic template were detected when furnace temperature and flow rate of carrier gas were below 600 o C
ChemInform Abstract: Inhibition of Steroid 5α‐Reductase by 3‐Nitro Steroids: Synthesis, Mechanism of Inhibition, and in vivo Activity. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Development of TES detectors for low-background far infrared space astronomy (2006)

The next generation of far infrared astronomy satellites will have cooled telescopes to reduce the thermal background to very low levels. In order to take advantage of the low background, arrays of sensitive detectors will be needed, with NEPs of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-19</sup> W Hz <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1/2</sup> or less -at least an order of magnitude better than can be achieved using conventional photoconductive detectors. We review the requirements for such arrays and report on the development of transition edge superconducting detectors suitable for use with an imaging spectrometer instrument in the 40-200 mum region.
Endoscopic Drainage of Pyogenic Liver Abscesses With Suspected Biliary Origin (2007)

This initial clinical experience suggests that ERCP can demonstrate communications between the biliary tract and liver abscesses, and that an internal drainage of the cavity is feasible and safe.
Differential copy number aberrations in novel candidate genes associated with progression from in situ to invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast (2012)

Only a minority of intraductal carcinomas of the breast give rise to stromally invasive disease. We microdissected 206 paraffin blocks representing 116 different cases of low-grade ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Fifty-five were pure DCIS (PD) cases without progression to invasive carcinoma. Sixty-one cases had a small invasive component. DNA was extracted from microdissected sections and hybridized to high-density bacterial artificial chromosome arrays. Array comparative genomic hybridization analysis of 118 hybridized DNA samples yielded data on 69 samples that were suitable for further statistical analysis. This cohort included 20 pure DCIS cases, 25 mixed DCIS (MD), and 24 mixed invasive carcinoma samples. PD cases had a higher frequency of DNA copy number changes than MD cases, and the latter had similar DNA profiles compared to paired invasive carcinomas. Copy number changes on 13 chromosomal arms occurred at different rates in PD versus MD lesions. Eight of 19 candidate genes residing at those loci were confirmed to have differential copy number changes by quantitative PCR. NCOR2/SMRT and NR4A1 (both on 12q), DYNLRB2 (16q), CELSR1, UPK3A, and ST13 (all on 22q) were more frequently amplified in PD. Moreover, NCOR2, NR4A1, and DYNLRB2 showed more frequent copy number losses in MD. GRAP2 (22q) was more often amplified in MD, whereas TAF1C (16q) was more commonly deleted in PD. A multigene model comprising these candidate genes discriminated between PD and MD lesions with high accuracy. These findings suggest that the propensity to invade the stroma may be encoded in the genome of intraductal carcinomas.
Stable Low-Valence ReOx Cluster Attached on Rh Metal Particles Formed by Hydrogen Reduction and Its Formation Mechanism (2011)

The structural change of ReOx/SiO2, Rh/SiO2, and Rh–ReOx/SiO2 during the temperature programmed reduction with H2 was investigated using in situ Re L3-edge and Rh K-edge quick-scanning X-ray absorption fine structure. Monometallic ReOx/SiO2 was reduced at about 600 K to form Re metal particles covered with partially oxidized Re species. In contrast, in the case of Rh–ReOx/SiO2 (Re/Rh = 0.5), the reduction of Rh proceeded to give highly dispersed Rh metal particles at first (∼325 K), and then Re was reduced mildly (∼365 K). The reduced Re species interacted with the Rh metal surface and were highly dispersed. At higher reduction temperature (∼595 K), these Re-modified Rh metal particles aggregated and further reduction of Re to low-valence state proceeded on the Rh metal surface. The low-valence Re interacting with Rh metal surface comprises two-dimensional Re oxide clusters. No detection of Re metal or Rh–Re alloy formation even after reduction at high temperature (595 K) suggests that the two-dimensional ReOx clusters on the Rh metal surface are highly stable.
Rare loss-of-function variants in KMT2F are associated with schizophrenia and developmental disorders (2016)

Abstract Schizophrenia is a common, debilitating psychiatric disorder with a substantial genetic component. By analysing the whole-exome sequences of 4,264 schizophrenia cases, 9,343 controls, and 1,077 parent-proband trios, we identified a genome-wide significant association between rare loss-of-function (LoF) variants in KMT2F and risk for schizophrenia. In this dataset, we observed three de novo LoF mutations, seven LoF variants in cases, and none in controls (P = 3.3x10 −9 ). To search for LoF variants in KMT2F in individuals without a known neuropsychiatric diagnosis, we examined the exomes of 45,376 individuals in the ExAC database and found only two heterozygous LoF variants, showing that KMT2F is significantly depleted of LoF variants in the general population. Seven of the ten individuals with schizophrenia carrying KMT2F LoF variants also had varying degrees of learning difficulties. We further identified four KMT2F LoF carriers among 4,281 children with diverse, severe, undiagnosed developmental disorders, and two additional carriers in an independent sample of 5,720 Finnish exomes, both with notable neuropsychiatric phenotypes. Together, our observations show that LoF variants in KMT2F cause a range of neurodevelopmental disorders, including schizophrenia. Combined with previous common variant evidence, we more generally implicate epigenetic dysregulation, specifically in the histone H3K4 methylation pathway, as an important mechanism in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.
Electrospun Carbon Nanofibers as an Electrochemical Immunosensing Platform forVibrio choleraeToxin: Aging Effect of the Redox Probe (2020)

An electrochemical immunosensor for <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> toxin (VCT) has been developed using electrospun carbon nanofibers (CNFs) as the electrode platform. To fabricate the immunosensor, the anti-cholera toxin antibody (Ab) was covalently immobilized on the electrode platforms using the carbodiimide chemistry for the amide bond formation. Every step of the formation of the immunosensor and the subsequent binding of the VCT subunit antigen (Ag) was electrochemically interrogated. The immunosensor gave excellent reproducibility and sensitivities: limits of detection (ca. 1.2 × 10<sup>-13</sup> g mL<sup>-1</sup>), limits of quantification (ca. 1.3 × 10<sup>-13</sup> g mL<sup>-1</sup>), and a wide linear range for the anti-cholera detection of 8 orders of magnitude (10<sup>-13</sup> to 10<sup>-5</sup> g mL<sup>-1</sup>). One of the key findings was the enhanced sensitivity of the VCT detection using aged rather than the freshly prepared redox probe, described here as Redox Probe Aging-Induced Sensitivity Enhancement ("Redox-PrAISE"). The Redox-PrAISE was found more useful in the real application of these immunosensors, showing comparable or even better sensitivity for eight real cholera-infested water samples than the conventional clinical culture method. This immunosensor shows promise for the potential development of point-of-care diagnosis of VCT. Importantly, this study highlights the importance of considering the nature of the redox probe on the electrochemical sensing conditions when designing impedimetric immunosensors.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 5‐Phenyl‐2(1H)‐pyrimidinone Nucleosides. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Partial hemiarthroplasty for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (2003)

The use of a composite osteochondral device for simulating partial hemiarthroplasty was examined. The device was composed of a polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel and a titanium fibre mesh, acting as artificial cartilage and as porous artificial bone, respectively. The titanium fibre mesh was designed to act as an interface material, allowing firm attachment to both the polyvinyl alcohol gel (through injection moulding) and the femoral joint surface (through bony ingrowth). We implanted 22 of these devices into canine femoral heads. Histological findings from the acetabular cartilage and synovial membrane, as well as the attachment of the prosthesis to bone, were examined up until one year after operation. No marked pathological changes were found and firm attachment of the device to the underlying bone was confirmed. The main potential application for this device is for partial surface replacement of the femoral head after osteonecrosis. Other applications could include articular resurfacing and the replacement of intervertebral discs.