gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
1111 Study on Dynamically Controlled Thermal Flying-height Control Slider (2008)

To achieve ultra-low flying height, magnetic spacing variations due to manufacturing tolerances and temperature-induced thermal protrusion need to be reduced. We have developed a thermal flying-height control (TFC) slider that carries a micro-thermal actuator. Previous TFCs were mainly statically controlled by a constant power supply. Our purpose is to demonstrate dynamic control of a TFC slider to compensate for high-speed magnetic signal modulation using feed-forward control methods, hi this report, to dynamically compensate for magnetic signal modulation using TFC, two methods were examined. Method 1 adjusted TFC power using only time domain information. Method 2 adjusted TFC power using frequency domain information in addition to time domain information. Method 2 showed better compensation for magnetic signal modulation due to better compensation at higher frequencies. These results showed that a dynamically controlled TFC is feasible in compensating for kHz order modulation.
Improved adaptive Viterbi detectors for fast-varying mobile-radio channels (1991)

The use of adaptive Viterbi detectors on fast-varying mobile-radio channels is studied. The main objective is to propose two new methods that may significantly improve the performance of the detector. The first method is to use prediction to combat the inherent delay of the channel estimates. The second method is to use so-called leaky algorithms in the channel estimator. This will make the detector significantly more robust against severe error bursts, which are due to error propagation in the channel estimator.
Reliability concerns in copper TSV's: Methods and results (2012)

Due to their large volume and close proximity to devices, the reliability of copper TSV's is a concern, both with respect to mechanical stresses induced by the TSV in the Si and with respect to copper drift into the liner and the Si. This abstract summarizes recent achievements obtained in imec's 3D-reliability work package where above mentioned reliability concerns are evaluated in detail. To study the impact of mechanical stresses induced by the TSV in the Si, the saturation drain currents I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</sub> of transistors have been used as stress sensors. The offset of the I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</sub> of transistors closer to a TSV with respect to transistors far away from a TSV has been studied, both directly after processing and after thermal storage and thermal shock. It is shown that stresses generated by the TSV in the Si increase after thermal storage above certain temperatures while thermal shock reduces these stresses. The first is attributed to stress relaxation at high temperatures, while the latter is attributed to cracking/delamination at critical interfaces. To study continuity in TSV-barriers, a method, further referred to as dual ramp rate IV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ctrl</sub> , is introduced. The method consists of controlled current-voltage sweeps at different rates. The difference in breakdown fields for different ramp rates allows estimating TDDB (=Time Dependent Dielectric Breakdown) field acceleration parameters. Applying a negative voltage to the TSV (-V) does not allow copper to drift into the liner, while when applying a positive voltage (+V) to the TSV, copper can drift into the liner in case of a defective, non-continuous barrier. Comparing TDDB field acceleration parameters of -V versus +V tests gives insight in barrier properties. In our study, weak reliability is observed in systems where the TSV-barriers are not continuous.
ChemInform Abstract: Stable High Conductivity Ceria/Bismuth Oxide Bilayered Electrolytes. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Athermalized low-loss echelle-grating-based multimode dense wavelength division demultiplexer (2002)

A high-density wavelength division demultiplexer (DEMUX) capable of demultiplexing eight-channel 200-GHz optically spaced signals into a 62.5-microm multimode-fiber array is reported. The wavelength range of operation is from 1549.32 to 1560.61 nm within the International Telecommunication Union grid. The measured wavelength accuracy is within 0.04 nm. The mean insertion loss of this DEMUX is 1.95 dB. Thermal analysis and temperature testing results are reported. The temperature test cycling from 20 degrees C to 60 degrees C indicates that the wavelength thermal drift is less than 0.8 pm/degrees C. Adjacent cross talk is measured to be better than -45 dB. The measured data transmission bit rate of this device is higher than 3.5 Gb/s.
Glycolysis upregulation is neuroprotective as a compensatory mechanism in ALS (2019)

Abstract Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder, with TDP-43 inclusions as a major pathological hallmark. Using a Drosophila model of TDP-43 proteinopathy we found significant alterations in glucose metabolism including increased pyruvate, suggesting that modulating glycolysis may be neuroprotective. Indeed, a high sugar diet improves locomotor and lifespan defects caused by TDP-43 proteinopathy in motor neurons or glia, but not muscle, suggesting that metabolic dysregulation occurs in the nervous system. Overexpressing human glucose transporter GLUT-3 in motor neurons mitigates TDP-43 dependent defects in synaptic vesicle recycling and improves locomotion. Furthermore, PFK mRNA, a key indicator of glycolysis, is upregulated in flies and patient derived iPSC motor neurons with TDP-43 pathology. Surprisingly, PFK overexpression rescues TDP-43 induced locomotor deficits. These findings from multiple ALS models show that mechanistically, glycolysis is upregulated in degenerating motor neurons as a compensatory mechanism and suggest that increased glucose availability is protective.
Flat and conformal optics using dielectric metasurfaces (Conference Presentation) (2017)

Flat optical devices based on lithographically patterned sub-wavelength dielectric nano-structures provide precise control over optical wavefronts, and thus promise to revolutionize the field of free-space optics. I discuss our work on high contrast transmitarrays and reflectarrays composed of silicon nano-posts located on top of low index substrates like silica glass or transparent polymers. Complete control of both phase and polarization is achieved at the level of single nano-post, which enables control of the optical wavefront with sub-wavelength spatial resolution. Using this nano-post platform, we demonstrate lenses, waveplates, polarizers, arbitrary beam splitters and holograms. Devices that provide multiple functionalities, like simultaneous polarization beam splitting and focusing are implemented. By embedding the metasurfaces in flexible substrates, conformal optical devices that decouple the geometrical shape and optical function are shown. Multiple flat optical elements are integrated in optical systems such as planar retro-reflectors and Fourier lens systems with applications in ultra-compact imaging systems. Applications in microscopy and the prospects for tunable devices are discussed.
Effects of Multiple‐Dose Administration of Aprocitentan on the Pharmacokinetics of Rosuvastatin (2020)

Aprocitentan is an investigational, orally active, dual, endothelin receptor antagonist that targets a novel pathway in the treatment of difficult-to-control (resistant) hypertension. The drug-drug interaction potential of aprocitentan on the breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) transporter substrate rosuvastatin was investigated in this single-center, open-label, single-sequence study. Twenty healthy male subjects received a single dose of 10-mg rosuvastatin on days 1 and 13 followed by pharmacokinetic and tolerability assessments for up to 120 hours. From day 5 to day 17, subjects received 25 mg of aprocitentan once daily. Seventeen of 20 enrolled subjects completed the treatment. At steady state, aprocitentan did not affect the pharmacokinetics of rosuvastatin in a clinically relevant way. The maximum plasma concentration was increased by 40% with a 90% confidence interval of 1.19 to 1.65. However, the ratio of the geometric means for both area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time 0 to time t and area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time 0 to infinity was close to 1 with the 90% confidence interval within a reference interval of 0.80 to 1.25. Adverse events leading to study discontinuation were reported in 2 subjects. Overall, the combination of rosuvastatin and aprocitentan was well tolerated. Based on these data, aprocitentan does not affect BCRP and can be administered concomitantly with drugs dependent on BCRP transport.
EFFECTS OF TENOFOVIR AND ENTECAVIR ON GLOMERULAR KIDNEY FUNCTION IN LIVER TRANSPLANT PATIENTS: A NATIONWIDE COHORT STUDY (2020)

Korean Organ Transplantation Registry Background: Entecavir and tenofovir are currently the first-line drugs in liver transplantation (LT) patients for the prevention of hepatitis B virus recurrence. Despite its proven efficacy, renal safety of tenofovir in LT patients has not been well defined. We aimed to assess the impact of tenofovir on glomerular function compared to that of entecavir after LT. Method: We analyzed 817 LT patients treated with entecavir (n=366) or tenofovir (n=451) between 2014 and 2017. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation. Renal function deterioration was defined as progression of chronic kidney disease stage and ≥20% eGFR decline from 1 month after LT. Result: Mean eGFR at 1 month after LT was 91.1±22.0 for entecavir, 89.1±23.7 mL/min/1.73 m2 for tenofovir group (P=0.312). Mean eGFR at the last on-treatment visit was 80.7±21.8 for entecavir and 78.3±22.8 mL/min/1.73 m2 for tenofovir group (P=0.133). During a median follow-up of 29 months, the cumulative incidence of renal function deterioration was significantly higher in the tenofovir group than in the entecavir group (43.7% vs. 35.8%, P=0.022). Tenofovir (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.03-1.97; P=0.03), old age (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.07-2.23; P=0.02), and diabetes mellitus (OR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.07-2.23; P=0.02) were independent risk factors for renal function deterioration. Conclusion: The use of tenofovir was associated with renal function deterioration in LT patients. In the setting of LT, tenofovir should be used with caution in high-risk patients and renal function should be carefully monitored.
DNA vaccines targeting heavy chain C-terminal fragments ofClostridium botulinumneurotoxin serotypes A, B, and E induce potent humoral and cellular immunity and provide protection from lethal toxin challenge (2015)

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are deadly, toxic proteins produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum that can cause significant diseases in humans. The use of the toxic substances as potential bioweapons has raised concerns by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the United States Military. Currently, there is no licensed vaccine to prevent botulinum intoxication. Here we present an immunogenicity study to evaluate the efficacy of novel monovalent vaccines and a trivalent cocktail DNA vaccine targeting the heavy chain C-terminal fragments of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A, B, and E. These synthetic DNA vaccines induced robust humoral and polyfunctional CD4(+) T-cell responses which fully protected animals against lethal challenge after just 2 immunizations. In addition, naïve animals administered immunized sera mixed with the lethal neurotoxin were 100% protected against intoxication. The data demonstrate the protective efficacy induced by a combinative synthetic DNA vaccine approach. This study has importance for the development of vaccines that provide protective immunity against C. botulinum neurotoxins and other toxins.
Feedthrough Seal For High-Pressure Vessel (1984)

Combination of ceramic and plastic withstands many depressurizations. Stack of washers surrounds leadthrough electrode. Under pressure washers expand to fill leadthrough hole in high-pressure vessel. Seal thus formed withstands 20 or more pressurization/depressurization cycles. Seal composed of neoprene, polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon and high-purity, high-density commercial alumina ceramic.
P6224Hemodynamics of the left coronary artery after TAVI procedure: a numerical simulation analysis (2018)

Background: Experimental results have reported that patients with severe aortic stenosis have reduced coronary flow even with no obstructed lesions in the coronary arteries, with further improvements in this parameter after successful surgical aortic valve replacement.
Iterative Experimental Design Based on Active Machine Learning Reduces the Experimental Burden Associated with Reaction Screening (2020)

High-throughput reaction screening has emerged as a useful means of rapidly identifying the influence of key reaction variables on reaction outcomes. We show that active machine learning can further this objective by eliminating dependence on complete screens through iterative selection of maximally informative experiments from the subset of all possible experiments in the domain. To demonstrate our approach, we conduct retrospective analyses of the preexisting results of high-throughput reaction screening experiments. We compare the test set errors of models trained on actively-selected reactions to models trained on reactions selected at random from the same domain. We find that the degree to which models trained on actively-selected data outperform models trained on randomly-selected data depends on the domain being modeled, with it being possible to achieve very low test set errors when the dataset is heavily skewed in favor of low- or zero-yielding reactions. Our results confirm that the active learning algorithm is a useful experiment planning tool that can change the reaction screening paradigm, by allowing discovery and process chemists to focus their reaction screening efforts on the generation of a small amount of high-quality data.
Data Detection using Pattern Recognition for Multi-level Optical Recording (2002)

An optical disc system using multi-level (ML) amplitude-modulation can achieve higher data capacity and transfer rates than previous systems without changing the drive or pick-up head except to add a new chip set to the ML. The ML system can provide a bit error rate (BER) that is fully correctable around the order of 10-5 with sigma to dynamic range (SDR) < 2%. We improved the margin of SDR using a new data detection method that uses pattern recognition and evaluated its performance.
A molecular view of vapor deposited glasses (2011)

Recently, novel organic glassy materials that exhibit remarkable stability have been prepared by vapor deposition. The thermophysical properties of these new "stable" glasses are equivalent to those that common glasses would exhibit after aging over periods lasting thousands of years. The origin of such enhanced stability has been elusive; in the absence of detailed models, past studies have discussed the formation of new polyamorphs or that of nanocrystals to explain the observed behavior. In this work, an atomistic molecular model of trehalose, a disaccharide of glucose, is used to examine the properties of vapor-deposited stable glasses. Consistent with experiment, the model predicts the formation of stable glasses having a higher density, a lower enthalpy, and higher onset temperatures than those of the corresponding "ordinary" glass formed by quenching the bulk liquid. Simulations reveal that newly formed layers of the growing vapor-deposited film exhibit greater mobility than the remainder of the material, thereby enabling a reorganization of the film as it is grown. They also reveal that "stable" glasses exhibit a distinct layered structure in the direction normal to the substrate that is responsible for their unusual properties.
<title>Applications of recognition model to images of simulated vehicles</title> (1998)

A computer model has been developed to predict the probability of recognition of particular shapes when viewed through a thermal imager employing either scanned or focal plane array detectors. This model is based on the results of a series of psychophysical trials during which human observers have considered over 120,000 images of shapes having a range of initial contrasts, and which have been degraded by various combinations of blurring and sampling. These computer generated images were presented to the observers in a random order and with a random degradation, using programs to select images and display them on a computer monitor. After each presentation the observer decided which was the most likely shape to represent the image displayed on the screen. The responses collected have been used to calculate the human recognition probability of each image. A correlation has been found between the probability of recognition of any specified degraded shape and the relative contrast between the image of that shape, and the image of a similarly degraded circle of the same area. This model has been extended to include the effects of fixed pattern noise and applied to simplified images of cars and vans.
The Pif1 helicase is actively inhibited during meiotic recombination which restrains gene conversion tract length (2021)

Meiotic recombination ensures proper chromosome segregation to form viable gametes and results in gene conversions events between homologs. Conversion tracts are shorter in meiosis than in mitotically dividing cells. This results at least in part from the binding of a complex, containing the Mer3 helicase and the MutLβ heterodimer, to meiotic recombination intermediates. The molecular actors inhibited by this complex are elusive. The Pif1 DNA helicase is known to stimulate DNA polymerase delta (Pol δ) -mediated DNA synthesis from D-loops, allowing long synthesis required for break-induced replication. We show that Pif1 is also recruited genome wide to meiotic DNA double-strand break (DSB) sites. We further show that Pif1, through its interaction with PCNA, is required for the long gene conversions observed in the absence of MutLβ recruitment to recombination sites. In vivo, Mer3 interacts with the PCNA clamp loader RFC, and in vitro, Mer3-MutLβ ensemble inhibits Pif1-stimulated D-loop extension by Pol δ and RFC-PCNA. Mechanistically, our results suggest that Mer3-MutLβ may compete with Pif1 for binding to RFC-PCNA. Taken together, our data show that Pif1's activity that promotes meiotic DNA repair synthesis is restrained by the Mer3-MutLβ ensemble which in turn prevents long gene conversion tracts and possibly associated mutagenesis.
Autoactive Arabidopsis RPS4 alleles require partner protein RRS1-R (2020)

Autoactivity of an executor immune receptor due to mutations in putative ATP hydrolysis motifs requires the full-length allele of the cognate sensor immune receptor.
Laser stimulation of the cavernous nerves in the rat prostate, in vivo: Optimization of wavelength, pulse energy, and pulse repetition rate (2008)

The cavernous nerves on the prostate surface are responsible for erectile function. Improved diagnostic techniques are necessary for identification of the nerves during prostate cancer surgery and preservation of sexual function after surgery. Electrical mapping of the nerves has been used as an intra-operative tool during prostate surgery, but it has proven inconsistent and unreliable. Non-contact optical stimulation of the cavernous nerves in the rat prostate has recently been demonstrated as a potential alternative to electrical nerve stimulation. The purpose of this study is to optimize the laser parameters to provide the maximum intracavernosal pressure response after optical nerve stimulation in the rat prostate. Optimal laser nerve stimulation parameters provided comparable response to electrical nerve stimulation. Optical nerve stimulation may represent a potential intra-operative diagnostic technique for use in laparoscopic and robotic nerve-sparing prostate cancer surgery.
Supplementary Figure 2 from A Smac Mimetic Rescue Screen Reveals Roles for Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins in Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Signaling (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from A Smac Mimetic Rescue Screen Reveals Roles for Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins in Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Signaling
Distributed Heuristic Synthesis Search (1998)

The Stony Brook SYNCHEM program, a well-established intelligent problem-solving system for synthesis route discovery, recently has been upgraded to execute in a network of multiprocessor workstations under both Linda tuple space and PVM message passing protocols. We describe the implementation and report experimental results. In addition, we discuss the effect of parallelizing SYNCHEM's search algorithm on the global best-first heuristic exploration of the synthesis problem space. Though reasonably wide-ranging and inclusive, sequential exploration exhibits a pronounced depth-first flavor. Parallelization introduces a countervailing breadth-first tendency that alters the region of the problem space explored by the search engine with mixed consequences, the positive clearly outweighing the negative.
Back to the Source: an Online Approach for Sensor Placement and Source\n Localization (2017)

Source localization, the act of finding the originator of a disease or rumor\nin a network, has become an important problem in sociology and epidemiology.\nThe localization is done using the infection state and time of infection of a\nfew designated sensor nodes; however, maintaining sensors can be very costly in\npractice.\n We propose the first online approach to source localization: We deploy a\npriori only a small number of sensors (which reveal if they are reached by an\ninfection) and then iteratively choose the best location to place new sensors\nin order to localize the source. This approach allows for source localization\nwith a very small number of sensors; moreover, the source can be found while\nthe epidemic is still ongoing. Our method applies to a general network topology\nand performs well even with random transmission delays.\n
Supplemental Figure S2 from The Histone Demethylase Jumonji Coordinates Cellular Senescence Including Secretion of Neural Stem Cell–Attracting Cytokines (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S2. (A) U251.JMJD3wt cells lack γH2AX foci. U251.JMJD3wt cells immunostained for γH2AX foci (red) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). As a positive control for γH2AX foci formation, U251.JMJD3wt cells were irradiated (Cs137 source) with 10 Gy γ-radiation and examined after 24 hr. Note the absence of γH2AX foci in untreated U251.JMJD3wt cells. Scale bar = 10 µm. (B) Western blot for γH2AX in U251.JMJD3 cells showing the relative deficit of γH2AX in non-irradiated cells.&lt;/p&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: Chapter 2: Synthetic Methods. Part 3. Enzyme Chemistry (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The Use of Computed Tomography in Fragmented Coronoid Disease: A Case Report (1994)

A 13-month-old Rottweiler was presented with a lameness on the left front leg. The CT scan revealed a large fragmented coronoid process in the elbow joint which was not demonstrable on regular radiographs.