gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
AUTOMATIC PARALLEL CODE GENERATION FOR NUFFT DATA TRANSLATION ON MULTICORES (2012)

The nonuniform FFT (NuFFT) is widely used in many applications. Focusing on the most time-consuming part of the NuFFT computation, the data translation step, in this paper, we develop an automatic parallel code generation tool for data translation targeting emerging multicores. The key components of this tool are two scalable parallelization strategies, namely, the source-driven parallelization and the target-driven parallelization. Both these strategies employ equally sized geometric tiling and binning to improve data locality while trying to balance workloads across the cores through dynamic task allocation. They differ in the partitioning and scheduling schemes used to guarantee mutual exclusion in data updates. This tool also consists of a code generator and a code optimizer for the data translation. We evaluated our tool on a commercial multicore machine for both 2D and 3D inputs under different sample distributions with large data set sizes. The results indicate that both parallelization strategies have good scalability as the number of cores and the number of dimensions of data space increase. In particular, the target-driven parallelization outperforms the other when samples are nonuniformly distributed. The experiments also show that our code optimizations can bring about 32%–43% performance improvement to the data translation step of NuFFT.
Broad coverage of neutralization-resistant SIV strains by second-generation SIV-specific antibodies targeting the region involved in binding CD4 (2022)

Both SIV and SHIV are powerful tools for evaluating antibody-mediated prevention and treatment of HIV-1. However, owing to a lack of rhesus-derived SIV broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs), testing of bnAbs for HIV-1 prevention or treatment has thus far been performed exclusively in the SHIV NHP model using bnAbs from HIV-1-infected individuals. Here we describe the isolation and characterization of multiple rhesus-derived SIV bnAbs capable of neutralizing most isolates of SIV. Eight antibodies belonging to two clonal families, ITS102 and ITS103, which target unique epitopes in the CD4 binding site (CD4bs) region, were found to be broadly neutralizing and together neutralized all SIV strains tested. A rare feature of these bnAbs and two additional antibody families, ITS92 and ITS101, which mediate strain-specific neutralizing activity against SIV from sooty mangabeys (SIVsm), was their ability to achieve near complete (i.e. 100%) neutralization of moderately and highly neutralization-resistant SIV. Overall, these newly identified SIV bnAbs highlight the potential for evaluating HIV-1 prophylactic and therapeutic interventions using fully simian, rhesus-derived bnAbs in the SIV NHP model, thereby circumventing issues related to rapid antibody clearance of human-derived antibodies, Fc mismatch and limited genetic diversity of SHIV compared to SIV.
Room temperature high power femtosecond optical parametric generator based on MgO-doped stoichiometric LiTaO/sub 3/ (2006)

We demonstrate room temperature high repetition rate femtosecond optical parametric generation in MgO-doped periodically poled stoichiometric LiTaO/sub 3/. Stable high average signal power (>1.5 W) was obtained by direct pumping with a passively mode-locked thin disk laser.
On the Love of Teaching and the Challenge of Online Learning: A Few Reflections (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommentaryNEXTOn the Love of Teaching and the Challenge of Online Learning: A Few ReflectionsRichard N. Zare View Author Information Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5080Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 9, 1106Publication Date (Web):September 1, 2000Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 September 2000Published inissue 1 September 2000https://doi.org/10.1021/ed077p1106RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views483Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (33 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Teaching and learning methods Get e-Alerts
Dynamic focusing lens for volume optical memory applications (1993)

We present the design, implementation and performance of a holographic dynamic focusing lens (HDFL). This device was developed to focus a 2D array of point sources to any of the many discrete planes inside the volume memory material. The lens utilizes two components: a spatial light modulator (SLM) as an active element which allows fast switching (&asymp; 1 &mu;sec), and a diffractive optical element which allows for high SBP. The unique design feature of this device is that the resolution of the lens is not dependent on the resolution of the SLM. Simulation and experimental results are presented.
Erratum: “Experimental studies of dose retention and activation in fin field-effect-transistor-based structures” [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 28, C1H5 (2010)] (2010)

First Page
Assessment of the Methodology for Bounding Loran Temporal ASF for Aviation (2008)

As we become increasingly dependent on GPS for many position, navigation, and time (PNT) applications, it becomes increasingly important that we have an alternate means of obtaining those capabilities. This is especially important in critical applications such as aviation. As part of the ongoing Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Loran evaluation, the system is being assessed for its ability to provide stand alone navigation capability through all phases of flight. This will allow users to retain much of the functionality enjoyed when using GPS should the system become unavailable. For Loran to be used for aviation navigation, it must meet strict integrity requirements. A key requisite for meeting integrity is the ability to bound position errors to a high degree of confidence. This, in turn, means bounding range domain errors and variations. One major source of variation is the temporal variation of propagation delay known as additional secondary factor or ASF. Models were developed to provide the bound on the ASF variations for the assessment of Loran aviation coverage. These bounds are designed to meet the integrity requirements on the error. Significant amounts of high quality Loran data from the U. S. Coast Guard (USCG) has been used to generate the model. This, however, left little data of adequate quality to perform the independent assessment of the models ’ performance. Hence, little or no independent validation of the efficacy of the bounds could be done until recently. This paper presents an analysis of the models for bounding the temporal variation of ASF. It uses data collected in 2006 and 2007 from seasonal monitors installed by the FAA Loran evaluation team. It will examine both the performance of the bounds in the range and position domain. One major range domain bound issue examined is ensuring the ASF bound attributed to the uncorrelated component is adequate. This is important as the uncorrelated component is treated much more conservatively than the correlated component. Additionally, some sensitivity will be examined to test robustness of the model and implementation. 1.0
An empirical study of the CRAY Y-MP processor using the Perfect club benchmarks (1991)

This material is presented to ensure timely dissemination of scholarly and technical work. Copyright and all rights therein are retained by authors or by other copyright holders. All persons copying this information are expected to adhere to the terms and constraints invoked by each author's copyright. In most cases, these works may not be reposted without the explicit permission of the copyright holder.
Small-Conductance Calcium-Activated K+ Channels Are Expressed in Pancreatic Islets and Regulate Glucose Responses (2003)

Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion is associated with transients of intracellular Ca(2+) concentration [Ca(2+)](i) in the pancreatic beta-cell. We identified the expression and function of specific small-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (SK) channel genes in insulin-secreting cells. The presence of mRNA for SK1, -2, -3, and -4 (intermediate-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) 1 [IK1]) channels was demonstrated by RT-PCR in rodent islets and insulinoma cells. SK2 and -3 proteins in mouse islets were detected by immunoblot and immunocytochemistry. In the tTA-SK3 tet-off mouse, a normal amount of SK3 protein was present in islets, but it became undetectable after exposure to doxycycline (DOX), which inhibits the transcription of the tTA-SK3 gene. The SK/IK channel-blockers apamin, dequalinium, and charybdotoxin caused increases in average [Ca(2+)](i) levels and in frequency of [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations in wild-type mouse islets. In SK3-tTA tet-off mice, the addition of apamin with glucose and tetraethylammonium (TEA) caused a similar elevation in [Ca(2+)](i), which was greatly diminished after DOX suppression of SK3 expression. We conclude that SK1, -2, -3, and IK1 (SK4) are expressed in islet cells and insulin-secreting cells and are able to influence glucose-induced calcium responses, thereby regulating insulin secretion.
Dietary whey protein increases liver and skeletal muscle glycogen levels in exercise-trained rats (2005)

We investigated the effect of different types of dietary protein on glycogen content in liver and skeletal muscle of exercise-trained rats. Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats (approximately 100 g; n 6 per group) were divided into sedentary or exercise-trained groups with each group being fed either casein or whey protein as the source of dietary protein. Rats in the exercised groups were trained during 2 weeks using swimming exercise for 120 min/d, 6 d/week. Exercise training resulted in an increase in the skeletal muscle glycogen content. Furthermore, the whey protein group significantly increased the skeletal muscle glycogen content compared with the casein group. The increase in glycogen content in liver was significantly greater in rats fed the whey protein diet compared with those fed the casein diet. We also found that the whey protein diet increased the activity of liver glucokinase, whereas it decreased the activities of 6-phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase compared with the casein diet. However, hepatic total glycogen synthase activity and mRNA expression were similar with the two diets. In the skeletal muscle, whey protein decreased only 6-phosphofructokinase activity compared with casein. Total glycogen synthase activity in the skeletal muscle in the whey protein group was significantly higher than that in the casein group. The present study is the first to demonstrate that a diet based on whey protein may increase glycogen content in liver and skeletal muscle of exercise-trained rats. We also observed that whey protein regulated glycogen metabolism in these two tissues by different mechanisms.
An Image Rendering Pipeline for Focused Plenoptic Cameras (2017)

In this paper, we present a complete processing pipeline for focused plenoptic cameras. In particular, we propose 1) a new algorithm for microlens center calibration fully in the Fourier domain, 2) a novel algorithm for depth map computation using a stereo focal stack, and 3) a depth-based rendering algorithm that is able to refocus at a particular depth or to create all-in-focus images. The proposed algorithms are fast, accurate, and do not need to generate subaperture images or epipolar plane images which is capital for focused plenoptic cameras. Also, the resolution of the resulting depth map is the same as the rendered image. We show results of our pipeline on Georgiev's dataset and real images captured with different Raytrix cameras.
A 50μW Ring-Type Complementary Inverse-Class-D Oscillator with 191.4dBc/Hz FoM and 205.6dBc/Hz FoMA (2023)

There are long-standing trade-offs between the ring [1, 2] and LC-tank [4–5] oscillators in terms of power consumption (PDC), area, phase noise (PN) and sensitivity to supply perturbations. A recent work to merge the two—a ring of series-LC tanks [3, 7]—has attained considerably improved PN and supply pushing insensitivity, while occupying comparable system area to the conventional inverter-based ring-oscillators (RO); however, it still burns several milliwatt with limited FoM. In this paper, we greatly reduce $\mathrm{PDC}_{\mathrm{D}}$ in LC-assisted tiny ring-type VCOs into as low as $50 \mu \mathrm{W}$, while demonstrating high FoM approaching that of LC-VCOs by means of a highly efficient complementary class-$\mathrm{D}^{-1}$ topology. To shrink consumed $\mathrm{PDC}_{\mathrm{DC}}$, transformer-based resonant tanks are employed to replace the series-LC tanks used in [3, 7], as proposed in Fig.1(b-c). They are capable of generating a 180° or 0° phase shift by configuring the transformer as inverting or non-inverting, respectively, thus reducing the number of stages required to start the oscillation to two or ultimately one (‘degenerated’ case). The normally expected start-up circuit [3] can also be averted as the dc feedback is avoided thanks to the transformer’s isolation. A $2 \times$ to $4 \times$ reduction in power can be readily expected. Furthermore, the resulting “single-stage RO” in Fig.1(c) is configured into a complementary class-$\mathrm{D}^{-1}$ switching operation, which not only obtains high energy efficiency due to non-overlapping voltage and current waveforms, but also minimizes the drain parasitic discharge power loss as the transistor’s CDS capacitance is absorbed into the parallel resonant tank.
Archaeosomes based on novel synthetic tetraether-type lipids for the development of oral delivery systems (2005)

The in vitro stability of archaeosomes made from novel synthetic membrane-spanning tetraether lipids was evaluated in conditions mimicking those of oral route application in terms of bile salts, serum and low pH..
Longitudinal Mediation Analysis with Time-varying Mediators and Exposures, with Application to Survival Outcomes (2017)

In this paper, we study the effect of a time-varying exposure mediated by a time-varying intermediate variable. We consider general longitudinal settings, including survival outcomes. At a given time point, the exposure and mediator of interest are influenced by past covariates, mediators and exposures, and affect future covariates, mediators and exposures. Right censoring, if present, occurs in response to past history. To address the challenges in mediation analysis that are unique to these settings, we propose a formulation in terms of random interventions based on conditional distributions for the mediator. This formulation, in particular, allows for well-defined natural direct and indirect effects in the survival setting, and natural decomposition of the standard total effect. Upon establishing identifiability and the corresponding statistical estimands, we derive the efficient influence curves and establish their robustness properties. Applying Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation, we use these efficient influence curves to construct multiply robust and efficient estimators. We also present an inverse probability weighted estimator and a nested non-targeted substitution estimator for these parameters.
Adaptation des espèces et contamination des milieux ? (2010)

Les quelques reflexions presentees ci-dessous permettent de faire le point des connaissances sur ces questions.
Hyperglycaemia-induced cardiomyocyte death is mediated via MCP-1 production and induction of a novel zinc-finger protein MCPIP (2010)

Glucose-induced cardiomyocyte death is mediated via MCP-1 production and MCPIP induction, which causes sequential events--ROS production, ER stress, autophagy, and cell death.
Narrow-band light emission in semiconductor-fibreasymmetric waveguide coupler (2000)

A narrow-band, fibre-coupled light emitter based on the evanescent coupling between a semiconductor waveguide and a singlemode fibre is presented. The wavelength selectivity of the emission spectrum is caused by the index asymmetry between the two waveguides. A minimum linewidth of 1.5nm is obtained.
Picosecond Thin-Disk Lasers (2014)

Short-pulse-pumped optical parametric chirped pulse amplification (OPCPA) demands powerful picosecond lasers with high average powers and high pulse energies. We report on the current picosecond thin-disk amplifiers development and their applications in research.
Operative Treatment of Subtrochanteric Fractures (1983)

Sixty-four patients with subtrochanteric fractures of the femur treated with internal fixation are reviewed. Twenty-six patients treated with Jewett nails are compared to 23 patients treated with Zickel nails. Total length of hospital stay, time to union, and time to full weightbearing were similar between the two groups. Six patients treated with Jewett nails had loss of fixation or failure of union, compared to only one patient in the Zickel nail group. The comminuted subtrochantericfracture adjacent to the lesser trochanter was frequently associated with complications in the elderly patient.
Automatically assessing review helpfulness (2006)

User-supplied reviews are widely and increasingly used to enhance e-commerce and other websites. Because reviews can be numerous and varying in quality, it is important to assess how helpful each review is. While review helpfulness is currently assessed manually, in this paper we consider the task of automatically assessing it. Experiments using SVM regression on a variety of features over Amazon.com product reviews show promising results, with rank correlations of up to 0.66. We found that the most useful features include the length of the review, its unigrams, and its product rating.
Preface (2013)

Back in the late 1990s, when CDMA was widely considered the dominant technology for cellular 3G, two of the authors and a few colleagues in Bell Laboratories designed an alternative technology called Flash-OFDM with two basic yet fundamental ideas: OFDMA-based airlink and all IP-based network architecture. In early 2000, we founded a startup company, Flarion Technologies, to prove Flash-OFDM in the market by building terminals and base stations, and testing and deploying the networks in a wide variety of locations, configurations, and frequency bands. As arguably the first commercially deployed OFDMA/IP-based cellular system, Flash-OFDM helped make those two ideas the key enabling features in 4G mobile broadband LTE.
Ultra‐Fast Molecular Rotors within Porous Organic Cages (2017)

Using variable temperature <sup>2</sup> H static NMR spectra and <sup>13</sup> C spin-lattice relaxation times (T<sub>1</sub> ), we show that two different porous organic cages with tubular architectures are ultra-fast molecular rotors. The central para-phenylene rings that frame the "windows" to the cage voids display very rapid rotational rates of the order of 1.2-8×10<sup>6</sup> Hz at 230 K with low activation energy barriers in the 12-18 kJ mol<sup>-1</sup> range. These cages act as hosts to iodine guest molecules, which dramatically slows down the rotational rates of the phenylene groups (5-10×10<sup>4</sup> Hz at 230 K), demonstrating potential use in applications that require molecular capture and release.
Modeling CD4+ T cells dynamics in HIV-infected patients receiving repeated cycles of exogenous Interleukin 7 (2016)

Combination Antiretroviral Therapy (cART) succeeds to control viral replication in most HIV infected patients. This is normally followed by a reconstitution of the CD4$^+$ T cells pool; however, this does not happen for a substantial proportion of patients. For these patients, an immunotherapy based on injections of Interleukin 7 (IL-7) has been recently proposed as a co-adjutant treatment in the hope of obtaining long-term reconstitution of the T cells pool. Several questions arise as to the long-term efficiency of this treatment and the best protocol to apply. We develop a model based on a system of ordinary differential equations and a statistical model of variability and measurement. We can estimate key parameters of this model using the data from INSPIRE, INSPIRE 2 $\&amp;$ INSPIRE 3 trials. In all three studies, cycles of three injections have been administered; in the last two studies, for the first time, repeated cycles of exogenous IL-7 have been administered. Our aim was to estimate the possible different effects of successive injections in a cycle, to estimate the effect of repeated cycles and to assess different protocols. The use of dynamical models together with our complex statistical approach allow us to analyze major biological questions. We found a strong effect of IL-7 injections on the proliferation rate; however, the effect of the third injection of the cycle appears to be much weaker than the first ones. Also, despite a slightly weaker effect of repeated cycles with respect to the initial one, our simulations show the ability of this treatment of maintaining adequate CD4$^+$ T cells count for years. We were also able to compare different protocols, showing that cycles of two injections should be sufficient in most cases. %Finally, we also explore the possibility of adaptive protocols.
The effect of transforaminal epidural steroid injections in patients with spondylolisthesis (2017)

Bilateral TFEs at the level of spondylolisthesis effectively decreased pain in patients. TFEs provided better pain relief for longer duration in patients with DS than for those with IS.
Gemini Surfactants at Solid−Liquid Interfaces:  Control of Interfacial Aggregate Geometry (1997)

Recent work has shown that conventional surfactants form ordered aggregates of well-defined shape and size at solid−liquid interfaces.1,2 Here we report interfacial aggregate structures as a function of surfactant geometry by using gemini surfactants with varying tail and spacer lengths. On the anionic cleavage plane of mica, aggregates tend to favor a lower curvature than in solution but follow the same general variation with surfactant geometry (i.e., with larger headgroup areas resulting in greater curvature). These morphologies on mica correlate well with those observed in surfactant−silicate mesophases, where electrostatic binding of headgroups also plays a dominant role. In addition, interfacial sphere-to-rod transitions are induced on mica (as in free solution) by binding with a headgroup-specific counterion. In contrast to mica, the hydrophobic cleavage plane of graphite interacts with surfactant tailgroups, giving rise to interfacial aggregates that are surface-controlled and relatively independent of surfactant geometry. This interaction is used to heterogeneously nucleate a surfactant−silicate mesophase which is interfacially controlled and differs from the bulk phase.