gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ACCURACY OF OFFICE-BASED ULTRASONOGRAPHY OF THE SHOULDER FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF ROTATOR CUFF TEARS (2005)

Background: This prospective multi-institutional study was designed to define the accuracy of ultrasonography, when performed in an orthopaedic surgeon's office, for the diagnosis of rotator cuff tears. Methods: An anatomic diagnosis and a treatment plan were made on the basis of office-based shoulder ultrasonography, physical examination, and radiographs for ninety-eight patients (ninety-nine shoulders) with a clinical diagnosis of a rotator-cuff-related problem. The results of the ultrasonographic studies were then compared with the results of magnetic resonance imaging and the operative findings. Results: Office-based ultrasonography led to the correct diagnosis for thirty-seven (88%) of forty-two shoulders with a full-thickness rotator cuff tear or both full and partial-thickness tears, twenty-six (70%) of thirty-seven shoulders with a partial-thickness rotator cuff tear only, and sixteen (80%) of twenty shoulders with normal tendons. In no case was the surgical approach (open or arthroscopic) that had been planned on the basis of the ultrasonography altered by the operative findings, but the operative finding of a full-thickness tear resulted in an arthroscopic cuff repair in four shoulders. Magnetic resonance imaging led to the correct diagnosis for forty (95%) of forty-two shoulders with a full-thickness rotator cuff tear or both full and partial-thickness rotator cuff tears, twenty-seven (73%) of thirty-seven shoulders with only a partial-thickness tear, and fifteen (75%) of twenty shoulders with normal tendons. There were no significant differences between magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography with regard to the correct identification of a full-thickness tear or its size. The sensitivity of ultrasonography for detecting tear size in the anterior-posterior dimension was 86% (95% confidence interval, 71% to 95%), and that of magnetic resonance imaging was 93% (95% confidence interval, 81% to 99%) (p = 0.26). The sensitivity of ultrasonography for detecting tear size in the medial-lateral dimension was 83% (95% confidence interval, 69% to 93%), and that of magnetic resonance imaging was 88% (95% confidence interval, 74% to 96%) (p = 0.41). Conclusions: A well-trained office staff and an experienced orthopaedic surgeon can effectively utilize ultrasonography, in conjunction with clinical examination and a review of shoulder radiographs, to accurately diagnose the extent of rotator cuff tears in patients suspected of having such tears. Errors in diagnosis made on the basis of ultrasonography most often consist of an inability to distinguish between partial and full-thickness tears that are approximately 1 cm in size. In this study, such errors did not significantly affect the planned surgical approach. Level of Evidence: Diagnostic Level I. See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Robust Narrow-Band Disturbances Rejection Using Overparametrized Pole-Assignment Control (1995)

In this work the problem of designing feedback controllers for the rejection of narrow-band disturbances is considered. The design technique proposed herein is based upon a well-suited overparameterization of a standard model-based minimum-variance controller; the extra-degrees-of-freedom so introduced are used to improve the performence of the basic controller. In particular, the problem of improving the robustness of the system, when the time delay of the system is subject to uncertainties, is considered, and an innovative solution proposed.
Improvement of Electrochemical Properties of Lithium–Oxygen Batteries Using a Silver Electrode (2015)

Silver (Ag) electrodes are prepared by an electrodeposition method at −0.25 V versus SCE. To evaluate the effect of particle size on Li–air cells, deposition times are 3, 10, 30, and 300 s. When cycled at a current density of 0.032 mA cm–2, the Ag-deposited electrode for 300 s shows very low polarization corresponding to the oxygen evolution reaction potential at 3.6 V. X-ray diffraction studies confirm that the main discharge product is Li2O2, and the results of scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy of the discharged electrodes show lithium peroxides at different positions due to the limitation of active sites on silver particles.
Free Form Fluidics (2013)

This article introduces the concept of blending fluid power with mechanical structure through addictive manufacturing. Today, fluid-powered devices are manufactured using conventional fabrication practices. The additive process enables integrated structure, actuation, fluid passages, thermal management, and control within a single fabrication process. Fluid can be routed efficiently through the structure without the need for cross-drilled holes or plugs. Fluid passages can be optimized for heat dissipation and minimized head loss. One of the primary issues regarding parts manufactured using the additive manufacturing process is their mechanical properties. Results show that components made with Ti-6-4 powders have a minimum yield stress and ultimate strength that exceeds Grade 5 specifications. The Arcan system uses a powder bed that has an elevated temperature. Therefore, the part exhibits very little residual stress during the manufacturing process. This leads to improved mechanical strength but induces challenges in powder removal. The specific advantages are reduced weight, potential for lower cost, and reduced part counts.
The combination of pharmacogenetic and pharmacokinetic analyses to optimize clomipramine dosing in major depression: a case report (2016)

Therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacogenetic analyses may be useful in the investigation and optimization of clomipramine in standard-dose non-responders.
Dynamic remapping of cache lines (2023)

A method of managing cache memory includes accessing a cache memory at a primary index that corresponds to an address specified in an access request. A determination is made that accessing the cache memory at the primary index does not result in a cache hit on a cache line with an error-free status. In response to this determination, the primary index is mapped to a secondary index and data for the address is written to a cache line at the secondary index.
Programmable digital controller for multi-output DC-DC converters with a time-shared inductor (2006)

This paper introduces a low power digital PFM controller for multi-output dc-dc converters suitable for integration in modern low-power management systems. It utilizes only one inductor to provide multiple output voltages and has very low power consumption. In addition, its reference voltages and switching frequency can be programmed dynamically. To achieve these characteristics two new key functional blocks are developed, namely Σ-Δ programmable delay-line based comparator utilizing natural filtering of delay cells and on-time control logic. The controller is implemented both on FPGA and a 0.18-μm CMOS application specific IC. Experimental results obtained with a 1 W, 9 V, four-output buck prototype and IC simulations successfully verify controller operation.
Supplementary Table S1 from Novel Methylation Biomarker Panel for the Early Detection of Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;- PDF file 64K, Supplementary Table S1. Primers used for MSP, RT-PCR, Bisulfite sequencing analyses&lt;/p&gt;
Tetranuclear Copper(I)-Biphenanthroline Gridwork: Violation of the Principle of Maximal Donor Coordination Caused by Intercalation and CH-to-N Forces (2001)

Design principles in polynuclear coordination complexes have been based on the idea that metal ions would acquire donor atoms up to the metal's ligand field preference, and donor ligands, such as 1,10-phenanthroline, would not leave donor atoms uncoordinated to a metal ion. The geometry of the simple molecular grid formed from a series of 3,3′-biphenanthrolines complexed with CuI or AgI ions sets up a cleft that binds uncoordinated ligands through a combination of intercalation, solvation, and CH-to-N interactions (see picture).
Fluorescent property of indocyanine green (ICG) rubber ring using LED and laser light sources (2016)

Fluorescent properties of ICG depends on solvent. Fluorescent characteristics of ICG rubber rings and optimized detection system condition were identified. The fluorescent rubber rings are produced by drying mixture of ICG solution and liquid rubber. LED and laser light sources were used to test differences between them. Other variables are ICG molar concentration (100, 80, 60, 40, 20, 10μM), excitation light spectrum (740, 760, 785nm) and angle of view (0~80°). We observed that ICG ring emitted fluorescence at longer wavelength than in blood and aqueous state. Observation angle between 0 and 50 provided similar brightness of images, while others are significantly less luminous. Excitation light between 740~760nm ensured non-overlapping spectrums of excitation light and fluorescence emission.
High‐speed living polymerization with a new catalyst system based on metalloporphyrin (1992)

Abstract A novel catalyst system composed of aluminium porphyrin and an organoaluminium compound with bulky substituents brings about high‐speed living polymerizations of epoxide, lactone, and methacrylic ester to give the polymers with controlled molecular weight.
Multiplexed hybridizations of positively charge‐tagged peptide nucleic acids detected by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (2004)

Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) is a novel class of DNA analogues in which the entire sugar-phosphate backbone is replaced by a pseudopeptide counterpart. Owing to its neutral character and the consequent lack of electrostatic repulsion, PNA exhibits very stable heteroduplex formation with complementary nucleic acid that is essentially ionic strength independent and enables hybridization under minimum salt conditions. This feature as well as its superior ion stability and easy ionization compared to DNA renders PNA very attractive for hybridization-based matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS) applications. We have developed an approach to DNA characterization that takes advantage of multiplexed PNA hybridizations analyzed by MALDI-TOFMS. Our motivation was the further development of oligonucleotide fingerprinting, an efficient technique for cDNA and genomic DNA library characterization. Through positive 'charge-tagging' of PNA the efficiency of detection in MALDI-TOFMS was considerably enhanced permitting an unparalleled degree of multiplexing. Results from the simultaneous hybridization of 21 charge-tagged PNA hexamer oligonucleotides showed that genomic DNA and cDNA clones are successfully characterized on the basis of their hybridization profiles. The degree of multiplexing achieved may render a significant increase in throughput and hence efficiency of oligonucleotide fingerprinting possible.
Inferior Capsular Shift for Bidirectional and Multidirectional Instability (2000)

Summary: Neer described the inferior capsular shift for the treatment of multidirectional instability of the shoulder in a landmark article published in 1980. This procedure is an anatomic approach that directly corrects pathologic capsular laxity and allows assessment and treatment of associated labral tears. The inferior-capsular shift is a versatile procedure that can be used to selectively address varying degrees of instability in terms of direction and magnitude. This technique has been demonstrated to be a reliable procedure in carefully selected patients with multidirectional instability of the shoulder.
Low-profile shared Shinkansen antenna for overhead line voltage detection and wireless communication (2022)

This study significantly reduces the height of a shared antenna for overhead line voltage detection and wireless VHF band communication installed on the roof of the Shinkansen vehicle. We propose an antenna configuration employing an inverted-F antenna utilizing a wide-shaped branching element with a notched tip that can maintain antenna performance, even if the height of the antenna is significantly lower. It was proven that the notch at the tip improves average gain in the horizontal plane by 2.3dB and 3.9dB at two operating frequencies, respectively. In addition, the deterioration of the overhead line voltage detection sensitivity was only 30% even though the antenna height was lowered by approximately 72%. To put this antenna to practical use, it is necessary to verify the usage environment and vehicle mounting conditions.
The Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Kdr/Flk–1 Is A Major Regulator of Malignant Ascites Formation in the Mouse Hepatocellular Carcinoma Model (2001)

The vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), also known as the vascular permeability factor (VPF), has been shown to play an important role in malignant ascites formation. The effects of VEGF-A are mediated through flt-1 and kinase insert domain-containing receptor/fetal liver kinase (KDR/Flk-1) receptors. It has been shown that KDR/Flk-1 is a predominant receptor in solid hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development, but the role of this receptor in hepatic ascites formation has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we examined the role of KDR/Flk-1 in the murine MH134 hepatic malignant ascites formation by means of VEGF-A- and KDR/Flk-1-specific neutralizing antibodies (VEGF-A nAb and KDR/Flk-1 nAb, respectively). The mean volume of ascites, number of tumor cells in ascites, and the peritoneal capillary permeability were significantly suppressed by VEGF-A nAb and KDR/Flk-1 nAb treatment. These inhibitory effects of KDR/Flk-1 nAb were more potent than those of VEGF-A nAb. The autophosphorylation of KDR/ Flk-1 in the peritoneal wall was almost completely abolished by KDR/ Flk-1 nAb, whereas a certain level of activation was still shown by VEGF-A nAb treatment. Another VEGF-family, VEGF-C, which also binds KDR/Flk-1, was detected in the ascites. Furthermore, in the therapeutic experiment, although both VEGF-A nAb and KDR/Flk-1 nAb prolonged the survival rate of ascites-bearing mice, the latter showed a more significant impact on the survival of animals. These results suggest that KDR/Flk-1 is a major regulator of malignant hepatic ascites formation, and that in addition to VEGF-A, VEGF-C may also be involved in the malignant ascites formation via KDR/ Flk-1 activation.
Enhancing wound healing dressing development through interdisciplinary collaboration (2021)

The process of wound healing includes four phases: Hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Many wound dressings and technologies have been developed to enhance the body's ability to close wounds and restore the function of damaged tissues. Several advancements in wound healing technology have resulted from innovative experiments by individual scientists or physicians working independently. The interplay between the medical and scientific research fields is vital to translating new discoveries in the lab to treatments at the bedside. Tracing the history of wound dressing development reveals that there is an opportunity for deeper collaboration between multiple disciplines to accelerate the advancement of novel wound healing technologies. In this review, we explore the different types of wound dressings and biomaterials used to treat wounds, and we investigate the role of multidisciplinary collaboration in the development of various wound management technologies to illustrate the benefit of direct collaboration between physicians and scientists.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of Catalysts for a Selective Nitrate and Nitrite Removal from Drinking Water. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Visible-light photoactivity of Bi-pyrochlores with high Fe contents. (2014)

Three Bi-pyrochlores with different Fe contents (Bi(2)Ti(2)O(7), Bi(1.65)Nb(1.12)Fe(1.16)O(7) and Bi(1.9)Te(0.58)Fe(1.52)O(6.87)) were synthesized in the form of nanopowders with similar morphological characteristics. All three nanopowders show an intensive visible-light photocatalytic activity. The analysis of their band gap and absorption characteristics has shown a strong correlation with the Fe-content indicating that a significant band gap reduction can be obtained by Fe incorporation. The photocatalytic activity has not followed this trend. The initial increase in the Fe-content has resulted in a significant enhancement of the photoactivity while with the further increase the photoactivity has slowly decreased. The reason for this behaviour has been proposed to be in an opposing influence of the increased exciton density and recombination rate.
Förster Resonance Energy Transfer in Quantum Dot–Dye‐Loaded Zeolite L Nanoassemblies (2011)

Abstract Nanoassemblies formed by coating a dye‐loaded zeolite L surface with CdSe/ZnS core/shell quantum dots (QDs) is described. A photoinduced energy transfer is observed from the excited QDs, which are on the surface of the zeolite crystals, to dye molecules (energy acceptors) encapsulated and aligned in the 1D channels of the aluminosilicate host. Steady‐state and time‐resolved spectroscopy and microscopy are used to quantify the Förster resonance energy transfer occurring through electronic transition dipole interactions between the QDs and the oxonine‐loaded zeolite L crystals. For the first time the energy transfer in artificial antenna systems based on quantum dots and molecules hosted in inert systems is described.
Evaluation of computational attention operators using human image recognition (2000)

This thesis presents a novel method of evaluating computational attention operators, which select locations of interest in an image, using a human image recognition task. Assuming that locations which are maximally interesting will be most useful for recognizing an image, it follows that a location selected by an attention operator will facilitate image recognition if it is of interest to a human. Since attention operators are increasingly being used to replace humans in vision tasks, it is relevant that their performance be compared to human vision.
Distributed Signal Decorrelation and Detection in Multi View Camera Networks Using the Vector Sparse Matrix Transform (2015)

This paper introduces the vector sparse matrix transform (vector SMT), a new decorrelating transform suitable for performing distributed processing of high-dimensional signals in sensor networks. We assume that each sensor in the network encodes its measurements into vector outputs instead of scalar ones. The proposed transform decorrelates a sequence of pairs of vector outputs, until these vectors are decorrelated. In our experiments, we simulate distributed anomaly detection by a network of cameras, monitoring a spatial region. Each camera records an image of the monitored environment from its particular viewpoint and outputs a vector encoding the image. Our results, with both artificial and real data, show that the proposed vector SMT transform effectively decorrelates image measurements from the multiple cameras in the network while maintaining low overall communication energy consumption. Since it enables joint processing of the multiple vector outputs, our method provides significant improvements to anomaly detection accuracy when compared with the baseline case when the images are processed independently.
Magnetic debris mitigation of a CO 2 laser-produced Sn plasma (2008)

We evaluated the characteristics of Sn debris generated by a CO<sub>2</sub> laser (10.6&mu;m) produced plasma. Experiments were performed with bulk Sn-plate targets and Mo/Si multilayer mirror samples were used for debris analysis. We observed very thin and uniform Sn layers of nano/sub-nano size debris particles. The layer deposition rate at 120mm from the plasma is, without magnetic field, about 30nm per million shots. The fundamental magnetic field effect has been confirmed experimentally. The fast Sn ion flux was measured with Faraday cups and the signal decreased by more than 3 orders of magnitude applying a magnetic field of 1T. The Sn deposition on the Mo/Si multilayer mirror decreased in this case by a factor of 4. The contribution of the remaining neutral Sn particles is under study in order to decrease the deposition rate.
Electronic Structure of Low‐Temperature Solution‐Processed Amorphous Metal Oxide Semiconductors for Thin‐Film Transistor Applications (2015)

The electronic structure of low temperature, solution-processed indium-zinc oxide thin-film transistors is complex and remains insufficiently understood. As commonly observed, high device performance with mobility >1 cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> is achievable after annealing in air above typically 250 °C but performance decreases rapidly when annealing temperatures ≤200 °C are used. Here, the electronic structure of low temperature, solution-processed oxide thin films as a function of annealing temperature and environment using a combination of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, and photothermal deflection spectroscopy is investigated. The drop-off in performance at temperatures ≤200 °C to incomplete conversion of metal hydroxide species into the fully coordinated oxide is attributed. The effect of an additional vacuum annealing step, which is beneficial if performed for short times at low temperatures, but leads to catastrophic device failure if performed at too high temperatures or for too long is also investigated. Evidence is found that during vacuum annealing, the workfunction increases and a large concentration of sub-bandgap defect states (re)appears. These results demonstrate that good devices can only be achieved in low temperature, solution-processed oxides if a significant concentration of acceptor states below the conduction band minimum is compensated or passivated by shallow hydrogen and oxygen vacancy-induced donor levels.
Experimental and computational study of alkane dehydrogenation catalyzed by a carbazolide-based rhodium PNP pincer complex (2016)

A rhodium complex based on the bis-phosphine carbazolide pincer ligand was investigated in the context of alkane dehydrogenation and in comparison with its iridium analogue. (carb-PNP)RhH<sub>2</sub> was found to catalyze cyclooctane/<i>t</i>-butylethylene (COA/TBE) transfer dehydrogenation with a turnover frequency up to 10 min<sup>-1</sup> and turnover numbers up to 340, in marked contrast with the inactive Ir analogue. TONs were limited by catalyst decomposition. Through a combination of mechanistic, experimental and computational (DFT) studies the difference between the Rh and Ir analogues was found to be attributable to the much greater accessibility of the 14-electron (carb-PNP)M(i) fragment in the case of Rh. In contrast, Ir is more strongly biased toward the M(iii) oxidation state. Thus (carb-PNP)RhH<sub>2</sub> but not (carb-PNP)IrH<sub>2</sub> can be dehydrogenated by sacrificial hydrogen acceptors, particularly TBE. The rate-limiting segment of the (carb-PNP)Rh-catalyzed COA/TBE transfer dehydrogenation cycle is found to be the dehydrogenation of COA. Within this segment, the rate-determining step is calculated to be (carb-PNP)Rh(cyclooctyl)(H) undergoing formation of a β-H agostic intermediate, while the reverse step (loss of a β-H agostic interaction) is rate-limiting for hydrogenation of the acceptors TBE and ethylene. Such a step has not previously been proposed as rate-limiting in the context of alkane dehydrogenation, nor, to our knowledge, has the reverse step been proposed as rate-limiting for olefin hydrogenation.