gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels: from a natural polysaccharide to complex networks (2012)

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is one of nature's most versatile and fascinating macromolecules. Being an essential component of the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), HA plays an important role in a variety of biological processes. Inherently biocompatible, biodegradable and non-immunogenic, HA is an attractive starting material for the construction of hydrogels with desired morphology, stiffness and bioactivity. While the interconnected network extends to the macroscopic level in HA bulk gels, HA hydrogel particles (HGPs, microgels or nanogels) confine the network to microscopic dimensions. Taking advantage of various scaffold fabrication techniques, HA hydrogels with complex architecture, unique anisotropy, tunable viscoelasticity and desired biologic outcomes have been synthesized and characterized. Physical entrapment and covalent integration of hydrogel particles in a secondary HA network give rise to hybrid networks that are hierarchically structured and mechanically robust, capable of mediating cellular activities through the spatial and temporal presentation of biological cues. This review highlights recent efforts in converting a naturally occurring polysaccharide to drug releasing hydrogel particles, and finally, complex and instructive macroscopic networks. HA-based hydrogels are promising materials for tissue repair and regeneration.
GM1 Administration Prevents Alterations in BCL‐2 and Bax Expression in Substantia Nigra Neurons Following MPTP Administrationa (1998)

Previously, we and others have shown an alteration in the expression of the antiapoptotic factor and antioxidant, Bcl-2, and its homolog the proapoptotic factor, Bax, in substantia nigra tissue from C57 black mice challenged with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). This has led to the suggestion that changes in expression of these genes may reflect an attempt by substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons to control oxidative stress induced by inhibition of complex 1 in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Expression of apoptosis-related genes may help determine whether a neuron survives or dies after injury. Since previous studies in this lab have shown that the monosialoganglioside GM1 can rescue damaged dopamine neurons and promote survival, the present study was conducted to examine the extent to which GM1 can regulate altered Bcl-2 and Bax gene expression in animals challenged with MPTP. Exposure to MPTP (single s.c. injection at 30 mg/kg) caused altered expression of Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA and protein, in the ventral mesencephalic region as demonstrated by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Maximal up-regulation of Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA occurred at 12 h postinjection with a return to normal levels within 24 h for Bcl-2. Bax expression remained elevated at 24 h after MPTP administration. Immunohistochemical labeling in the substantia nigra also showed elevated levels of expression for Bcl-2 and Bax protein, concomitant to the increased mRNA levels, while tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemical staining in MPTP-treated animals remained unchanged from that seen in normal animals. The coadministration of MPTP (single s.c. injection at 30 mg/kg) and GM1 (single i.p. injection at 30 mg/kg, 5 min post-MPTP) prevented the previously described increase in both Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA expression in the ventral mesencephalon. In GM1-treated animals both Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA showed a steady-state expression at all time points examined. Similarly, the expression levels of both Bcl-2 and Bax proteins remained unchanged in GM1-treated animals, as did staining for tyrosine hydroxylase. These results suggest that GM1 has the potential to alter the natural course of the neuronal degeneration in Parkinson's disease by influencing gene expression that might be involved in the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons.
Microelectromechanical Resonators for RF Applications (2017)

The introduction of integrated circuits (IC) in the twentieth century changed the way engineers designed electronic systems. In telecommunications, radio frequency (RF) ICs have performance requirements that are not readily or cheaply attainable using commercial IC technologies. Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) offer the opportunity to integrate many RF subcomponents on-chip, which have traditionally been implemented off-chip. The chapter reviews some conventional transceiver architectures along with their potential for MEMS implementations. It describes MEM resonators in detail from their evolution and applications to their operation and use in systems such as MEM resonator–based filters and arrays. The chapter also reviews case studies of published works involving MEM resonators. Micromechanical resonators are structures that can be used for filtering or frequency synthesis applications in many subcomponents of RF transceivers, due to their high level of frequency selectivity. As MEM resonators are easily integrated, several resonators can be combined to broaden their functionality.
Model and Observations of Dielectric Charge in Thermally Oxidized Silicon Resonators (2009)

This paper investigates the effects of dielectric charge on resonant frequency in thermally oxidized silicon resonators hermetically encapsulated using ¿epi-seal.¿ SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> coatings are effective for passive temperature compensation of resonators but make the devices more susceptible to charging-related issues. We present a theoretical model for the electromechanical effects of charge trapped in the dielectrics within the transduction gap of a resonator. Observations of resonance frequency against varying resonator bias voltage are fitted to this model in order to obtain estimates for the magnitude of the trapped oxide charge. Statistics collected from wet- and dry-oxidized devices show that lower fixed oxide charge can be expected upon dry oxidation. In addition, observations of time-varying resonator frequency indicate the presence of mobile oxide charge in a series of voltage biasing and temperature experiments.
Supplementary Figure S5 from Caspase-8 Promotes Cell Motility and Calpain Activity under Nonapoptotic Conditions (2023)

Supplementary Figure S5 from Caspase-8 Promotes Cell Motility and Calpain Activity under Nonapoptotic Conditions
Terrain commander UGS operational trials (2004)

Operational trials of Textron Systems’ Terrain Commander unattended ground sensor (UGS) system are described. Terrain Commander is a powerful new concept in surveillance and remote situational awareness. It leverages a diverse suite of sophisticated unattended ground sensors, day/night electro-optics, satellite data communications, and an advanced Windows based graphic user interface. Terrain Commander OASIS (Optical Acoustic SATCOM Integrated Sensor) provides next generation target detection, classification, and tracking through smart sensor fusion of beam-forming acoustic, seismic, passive infrared, and magnetic sensors. With its fully integrated SATCOM system using internet protocols, virtually any site in the world can be monitored from almost any other location. Multiple remote sites such as airfields, landing zones, base perimeters, road junctions, flanks, and border crossings are monitored with ease from a central location. Intruding personnel or vehicles are automatically detected, classified, and imaged. Results from early operational trials in the outback of Australia and in various locations in the US are described. Probability of detection and recognition against a wide variety of targets including personnel, military and civilian vehicles, in-shore watercraft, and low altitude aircraft are discussed. Environments include snow cover, tropical savannah, rainforest, and woodlands. Experience with alternative SATCOM systems during the trials is also touched upon.
DEFI 2005 (2010)

Following prompts from AEDs programmed with a protocol similar to Guidelines 2005, firefighters shortened pauses in CPR and improved overall hands-on time, but survival to hospital admission of patients with ventricular fibrillation out-of-hospital cardiac arrest did not improve. Clinical Trial Registration- http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00139542.
Silencing an Inhibitor Unleashes a Cytotoxic Enzyme (2009)

The ribonuclease inhibitor (RI) is a cytosolic protein and a potent inhibitor of bovine pancreatic ribonuclease (RNase A). Amphibian homologues and variants of RNase A that evade RI are cytotoxic. Here, we employ RNA interference along with amphibian and mammalian ribonucleases to demonstrate that RI protects cells against exogenous ribonucleases. These data indicate an imperative for the molecular evolution of RI and suggest a means of enhancing the cytotoxicity of mammalian ribonucleases.
Supplementary Figures 1 - 4 from Metabolomics Strategy Reveals Subpopulation of Liposarcomas Sensitive to Gemcitabine Treatment (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 163K, Supplemental Figure 1: Serially passaged liposarcoma xenograft tumors derived from primary tumors and xenograft tumors derived from liposarcoma cell lines both exhibit similar 18F-FDG uptake by PET. Supplemental Figure 2: High grade liposarcomas exhibit variable FDG uptake by PET. Supplemental Figure 3: Nutrient concentrations in medium and metabolites consumed by liposarcoma cell lines. Supplemental Figure 4: Glucose and glutamine consumption rates and lactate production rates are similar in three liposarcoma cell lines.&lt;/p&gt;
Data from Endobronchial miRNAs as Biomarkers in Lung Cancer Chemoprevention (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Lung cancers express lower levels of prostacyclin than normal lung tissues. Prostacyclin prevents lung cancer in a variety of mouse models. A randomized phase II trial comparing oral iloprost (a prostacyclin analog) with placebo in high-risk subjects showed improvement in bronchial histology in former, but not current, smokers. This placebo-controlled study offered the opportunity for investigation of other potential intermediate endpoint and predictive biomarkers to incorporate into chemoprevention trials.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Matched bronchial biopsies were obtained at baseline and at 6-month follow-up from 125 high-risk individuals who completed the trial: 31/29 and 37/28 current/former smokers in the iloprost and placebo arm, respectively. We analyzed the expression of 14 selected miRNAs by Real Time PCR in 496 biopsies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The expression of seven miRNAs was significantly correlated with histology at baseline. The expression of miR-34c was inversely correlated with histology at baseline (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001) and with change in histology at follow-up (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0003), independent of treatment or smoking status. Several miRNAs were also found to be differentially expressed in current smokers as compared with former smokers. In current smokers, miR-375 was upregulated at baseline (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001) and downregulated after treatment with iloprost (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0023). No miRNA at baseline reliably predicted a response to iloprost.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;No biomarker predictive of response to iloprost was found. MiR-34c was inversely correlated with baseline histology and with histology changes. Mir-34c changes at follow-up could be used as a quantitative biomarker that parallels histologic response in formalin-fixed bronchial biopsies in future lung cancer chemoprevention studies. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Prev Res; 6(2); 100–8. ©2012 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Family navigation to increase evaluation for autism spectrum disorder in toddlers: Screening and Linkage to Services for Autism pragmatic randomized trial (2020)

Young children with autism spectrum disorder can benefit from early detection and intervention to moderate autism spectrum disorder's effect on their development. Routine screening with standardized instruments facilitates early identification. However, many screen-positive children do not receive referrals for evaluation, complete diagnostic evaluations, or engage in services. This is especially true for children of color and those from less educated or low-income families. The Screening and Linkage to Services for Autism trial evaluated the effect of family navigation on referral and evaluation for autism spectrum disorder in screen-positive toddlers. The trial was conducted in an urban, low-income population. It was designed to test "real-world" implementation of family navigation. We randomly assigned 275 children aged 16-30 months with an initial positive autism spectrum disorder screen to receive navigation if indicated or usual care. Navigation increased the number of at-risk toddlers who were evaluated for autism spectrum disorder. It also improved the quality of autism spectrum disorder screening in primary care clinics. However, many children failed to receive indicated referrals for evaluation. Navigation did not improve referral rates. Furthermore, nearly half of families who were potentially eligible for navigation could not be contacted. Other ways of structuring the navigation program may be necessary to improve families' access to and acceptance of navigation, especially in the setting of financial, cultural, and linguistic barriers. Our trial nevertheless showed that family navigation may be an important tool for reducing systemic inequalities in the early identification and treatment of young children with autism spectrum disorder.
112 Patient Out-of-Pocket Spending for Neurosurgical Operations is Increasing (2018)

Mooney, Michael A MD; Yoon, Seungwon; Cole, Tyler S MD; Sheehy, John P MD; Bohl, Michael MD; Barranco, Frank MD; Nakaji, Peter MD; Little, Andrew S MD; Lawton, Michael T MD Author Information
Supplementary Data from Loss-of-Function Mutations in TRAF7 and KLF4 Cooperatively Activate RAS-Like GTPase Signaling and Promote Meningioma Development (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Material and Methods&lt;/p&gt;
Inhibition of Protein Geranylgeranylation Causes a Superinduction of Nitric-oxide Synthase-2 by Interleukin-1β in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (1997)

Recently, we have designed farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyltransferase I inhibitors (FTI-277 and GGTI-298) that selectively block protein farnesylation and geranylgeranylation, respectively. In this study, we describe the opposing effects of these inhibitors on interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta)-stimulated induction of nitric-oxide synthase-2 (NOS-2) in rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (RPASMC) and rat hepatocytes. Pretreatment of cells with GGTI-298 caused a superinduction of NOS-2 by IL-1beta. RPASMC treated with GGTI-298 (10 microM) prior to IL-1beta (10 ng/ml) expressed levels of NOS-2 protein five times higher than those exposed to IL-1beta alone. This superinduction of NOS-2 protein by pretreatment with GGTI-298 resulted in nitrite concentrations in the medium that were 5-fold higher at 10 ng/ml IL-1beta and 10-fold higher at 1 ng/ml IL-1beta. Furthermore, NOS-2 mRNA levels in RPASMC were also increased 6- and 14-fold (at 10 and 1 ng/ml IL-1beta, respectively) when the cells were pretreated with GGTI-298. In contrast, treatment of cells with the inhibitor of protein farnesylation, FTI-277 (10 microM), blocked IL-1beta-induced NOS-2 expression at mRNA and protein levels. Pretreatment with lovastatin, an inhibitor of protein prenylation, resulted in superinduction of NOS-2. This superinduction was reversed by geranylgeraniol, but not by farnesol, further confirming that inhibition of geranylgeranylation, not farnesylation, is responsible for enhanced NOS-2 expression. The results demonstrate that a farnesylated protein(s) mediates IL-1beta induction of NOS-2, whereas a geranylgeranylated protein(s) represses this induction.
Ion-molecule clustering thermochemistry by laser ionization high-pressure mass spectrometry (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIon-molecule clustering thermochemistry by laser ionization high-pressure mass spectrometryM. Samy El-Shall, Kenneth E. Schriver, Robert L. Whetten, and Michael Meot-NerCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1989, 93, 24, 7969–7973Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100361a002https://doi.org/10.1021/j100361a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views103Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
HF RFID Reader Antenna with Loop Switch for Avoiding Magnetic Coupling (2014)

This paper studies the magnetic coupling between two adjacent loop antennas that are parallel to each other in a plane and presents a new practical method to avoid the resulting magnetic coupling interference. The study focuses on the high frequency radio-frequency identification (RFID) system for casino applications, where several loop antennas are closely built into a game table to monitor gaming chips. In this case, neighboring loop antennas may severely interfere with each other by magnetic coupling, which leads to the malfunction of the RFID system. In this paper, we present a practical loop antenna with a new loop switch circuit for avoiding magnetic coupling. The loop switch circuit is integrated with a matching circuit and automatically operated by using an interrogating signal from a reader. We verified the validity of the proposed design by showing that an RFID reader with the proposed antenna can exactly and separately read the gaming chips placed on the different betting zones of a game table.
CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells inhibit natural killer cell functions in a transforming growth factor–β–dependent manner (2005)

Tumor growth promotes the expansion of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (T reg) cells that counteract T cell-mediated immune responses. An inverse correlation between natural killer (NK) cell activation and T reg cell expansion in tumor-bearing patients, shown here, prompted us to address the role of T reg cells in controlling innate antitumor immunity. Our experiments indicate that human T reg cells expressed membrane-bound transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, which directly inhibited NK cell effector functions and down-regulated NKG2D receptors on the NK cell surface. Adoptive transfer of wild-type T reg cells but not TGF-beta-/- T reg cells into nude mice suppressed NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity, reduced NKG2D receptor expression, and accelerated the growth of tumors that are normally controlled by NK cells. Conversely, the depletion of mouse T reg cells exacerbated NK cell proliferation and cytotoxicity in vivo. Human NK cell-mediated tumor recognition could also be restored by depletion of T reg cells from tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. These findings support a role for T reg cells in blunting the NK cell arm of the innate immune system.
Layered image motion with explicit occlusions, temporal consistency, and depth ordering (2010)

Layered models are a powerful way of describing natural scenes containing smooth surfaces that may overlap and occlude each other. For image motion estimation, such models have a long history but have not achieved the wide use or accuracy of non-layered methods. We present a new probabilistic model of optical flow in layers that addresses many of the shortcomings of previous approaches. In particular, we define a probabilistic graphical model that explicitly captures: 1) occlusions and disocclusions; 2) depth ordering of the layers; 3) temporal consistency of the layer segmentation. Additionally the optical flow in each layer is modeled by a combination of a parametric model and a smooth deviation based on an MRF with a robust spatial prior; the resulting model allows roughness in layers. Finally, a key contribution is the formulation of the layers using an imagedependent hidden field prior based on recent models for static scene segmentation. The method achieves state-of-the-art results on the Middlebury benchmark and produces meaningful scene segmentations as well as detected occlusion regions. 1
Mechanistic aspects of the photooxidation of water at the n-titania/aqueous interface: optically induced transients as a kinetic probe (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanistic aspects of the photooxidation of water at the n-titania/aqueous interface: optically induced transients as a kinetic probeAlexandra P. Norton, Steven L. Bernasek, and Andrew B. BocarslyCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1988, 92, 21, 6009–6016Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100332a035https://doi.org/10.1021/j100332a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views157Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Peripheral tangible interaction by analytic design (2009)

Tangible User Interfaces (TUIs) are commonly accepted as those in which the configuration of physical objects embodies digital system state, providing "graspable" digital media that can be manipulated in the focus of users' attention. In this paper we offer an alternative perspective on the use of tangibility in interaction, in which meaning is created not through precise manipulations of a computationally-interpreted spatial syntax, but through imprecise interactions with independently meaningful, digitally-augmented physical tokens. Users are free to arrange such tokens around the periphery of their workspace, away from their normal centre of attention, ready to selectively and fluidly engage them in loosely related, dispersed episodes of use. We call this concept "peripheral tangible interaction", and in this paper we describe both our analytic approach to designing a personal desktop TUI supporting such an interaction style, and user responses to its analytically-inspired features during extended deployment in a real office context.