gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Visual determination of hue suprathreshold color‐difference tolerances using CRT‐generated stimuli (1999)

Suprathreshold hue color-difference tolerances were measured at four color centers using CRT-generated stimuli. The tolerances, defined using CIELAB, were measured using two different methods of presentation. In the Absolute Experiment, the stimuli were presented at luminance levels that matched those of the previous object-color experiments, so that the CRT stimuli were nearly metameric to the originals. In the Relative Experiment, the white point of the monitor was defined as L* = 100 at a corresponding chromaticity to the object-color viewing environment, but at a lower luminance level. The results from these two experiments followed the same general trends; however, they were significantly different from each other for three of the four color centers. The same trends were seen in the object-color results, although neither CRT experimental condition produced tolerances that were conclusively more similar to the object-color results than the other. The feasibility of the use of the CRT has been demonstrated. It is likely that parametric effects of stimulus presentation are the cause of the differences in results among the different experiments, as opposed to differences in the mode of appearance. These parametric effects can be studied more quickly and economically using a computer-controlled CRT display. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Col Res Appl, 24, 164–176, 1999
Depth Driven Photometric and Geometric Image Registration for Real-Time Stereo Systems (2011)

This paper presents a novel depth driven approach for a highly accurate joint photometric and geometric image alignment. Thereby, the registration problem is expressed in terms of a consistent, elegant and efficient energy formulation. Moreover, we propose a real-time capable alternating iterative optimization scheme to solve for a state of minimal energy. Since our energy formulation is based on pixel wise color similarity our registration procedure directly improves the performance of disparity estimation and the visual quality of multi-view view synthesis.
A family of normalized least mean fourth algorithms and their tracking analysis (2009)

In this work, a family of normalized least mean fourth algorithms is presented. Unlike the LMF algorithm, the convergence behavior of these algorithms is independent of the input data correlation statistics. Moreover, the tracking analysis of these algorithms is carried out in the presence of two sources of nonstationarites (carrier frequency offset between transmitter and receiver, and random variations in the environment). Simulation results agree very closely with theory and an enhancement in performance is obtained through the use of these techniques over the LMF algorithm. the step size.
Memory-Centric Reconfigurable Accelerator for Classification and Machine Learning Applications (2017)

Big Data refers to the growing challenge of turning massive, often unstructured datasets into meaningful, organized, and actionable data. As datasets grow from petabytes to exabytes and beyond, it becomes increasingly difficult to run advanced analytics, especially Machine Learning (ML) applications, in a reasonable time and on a practical power budget using traditional architectures. Previous work has focused on accelerating analytics readily implemented as SQL queries on data-parallel platforms, generally using off-the-shelf CPUs and General Purpose Graphics Processing Units (GPGPUs) for computation or acceleration. However, these systems are general-purpose and still require a vast amount of data transfer between the storage devices and computing elements, thus limiting the system efficiency. As an alternative, this article presents a reconfigurable memory-centric advanced analytics accelerator that operates at the last level of memory and dramatically reduces energy required for data transfer. We functionally validate the framework using an FPGA-based hardware emulation platform and three representative applications: Naïve Bayesian Classification, Convolutional Neural Networks, and k-Means Clustering. Results are compared with implementations on a modern CPU and workstation GPGPU. Finally, the use of in-memory dataset decompression to further reduce data transfer volume is investigated. With these techniques, the system achieves an average energy efficiency improvement of 74× and 212× over GPU and single-threaded CPU, respectively, while dataset compression is shown to improve overall efficiency by an additional 1.8× on average.
CYP450 phenotyping and metabolite identification of quinine by accurate mass UPLC-MS analysis: a possible metabolic link to blackwater fever (2013)

Taken in context, these data suggest a CYP-mediated link between quinine metabolism and the poorly understood haemolytic condition known as blackwater fever, often associated with quinine ingestion.
Trust and Reputation Based Collaborating Computing in Wireless Sensor Networks (2010)

Due to its ad hoc, infrastructure-less self-configuring and collaborating nature, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are very much vulnerable to different security threats. The goal-oriented nature of many sensing applications results in collaboration. In fact, collaboration helps to improve WSNs efficiency as well as the data-centric behavior of WSNs. Collaboration along with its advantages like efficient packet routing and data forwarding, jamming prevention etc. brings in some security issues which mostly need to be addressed from the trust and reputation analysis of the network. In this paper, a trust and reputation based collaborating computing model is derived which effectively eliminates the malicious behavior of rogue nodes with high probability. The detection of malicious nodes along with trust and reputation analysis of WSN makes this model very much robust and secure. Efficacy of this model is shown through simulation results.
APEX: A Framework for Automated Processing Element Design Space Exploration using Frequent Subgraph Analysis (2023)

The architecture of a coarse-grained reconfigurable array (CGRA) processing element (PE) has a significant effect on the performance and energy-efficiency of an application running on the CGRA. This paper presents APEX, an automated approach for generating specialized PE architectures for an application or an application domain. APEX first analyzes application domain benchmarks using frequent subgraph mining to extract commonly occurring computational subgraphs. APEX then generates specialized PEs by merging subgraphs using a datapath graph merging algorithm. The merged datapath graphs are translated into a PE specification from which we automatically generate the PE hardware description in Verilog along with a compiler that maps applications to the PE. The PE hardware and compiler are inserted into a flexible CGRA generation and compilation toolchain that allows for agile evaluation of CGRAs. We evaluate APEX for two domains, machine learning and image processing. For image processing applications, our automatically generated CGRAs with specialized PEs achieve from 5% to 30% less area and from 22% to 46% less energy compared to a general-purpose CGRA. For machine learning applications, our automatically generated CGRAs consume 16% to 59% less energy and 22% to 39% less area than a general-purpose CGRA. This work paves the way for creation of application domain-driven design-space exploration frameworks that automatically generate efficient programmable accelerators, with a much lower design effort for both hardware and compiler generation.
Pedicle screw accuracy assessment in ExcelsiusGPS® robotic spine surgery: evaluation of deviation from pre-planned trajectory (2018)

The ExcelsiusGPS® robot allows for precise execution of an intended pre-planned trajectory and accurate screw placement in the first patients to undergo robotic-assisted fusion with this technology.
Supplementary Materials and Methods, Figure Legends from miR-30-5p Functions as a Tumor Suppressor and Novel Therapeutic Tool by Targeting the Oncogenic Wnt/β-Catenin/BCL9 Pathway (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 141KB&lt;/p&gt;
Perioperative Events During Deep Brain Stimulation: The Experience at Cleveland Clinic (2008)

This retrospective study demonstrates that age is an independent risk factor for complications during DBS procedures. Monitored anesthesia care using propofol seems to be a safe technique for DBS procedures; however, dexmedetomidine can also be used.
Analytical Method for Efficient Development of Optimal Fixed-Point Software and its Application (2014)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The analytical method is presented for the development of software using fixed-point arithmetic. The proposed method uses data range and the required precision of signals and parameters to determine their best data type that is, word length and resolution, while ensuring that numerical errors do not occur. Interval arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication and division) on closed and connected real intervals are presented to determine the data range of signals. Application of this method to the math-intensive algorithms - (1) temperature estimator of the automotive passenger compartment and (2) GPS data-based calculation of sun position with respect to the vehicle driving direction, demonstrates the applicability of the proposed method. Particularly, comparable numerical accuracy of fixed-point arithmetic to that of floating-point arithmetic while giving optimal software in terms of its memory requirements and running time are presented. The design method also eliminates time consuming and laborious simulation iterations, therefore making software development more efficient. The proposed design method that offers these advantages along with relatively cheaper hardware makes the fixed-point software a favorable choice than the floating-point software, especially for the products of a large production volume such as automobiles.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Computational correction of copy-number effect improves specificity of CRISPR-Cas9 essentiality screens in cancer cells (2017)

The CRISPR-Cas9 system has revolutionized gene editing both on single genes and in multiplexed loss-of-function screens, enabling precise genome-scale identification of genes essential to proliferation and survival of cancer cells. However, previous studies reported that an anti-proliferative effect of Cas9-mediated DNA cleavage confounds such measurement of genetic dependency, particularly in the setting of copy number gain 1-4 . We performed genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 essentiality screens on 342 cancer cell lines and found that this effect is common to all lines, leading to false positive results when targeting genes in copy number amplified regions. We developed CERES, a computational method to estimate gene dependency levels from CRISPR-Cas9 essentiality screens while accounting for the copy-number-specific effect, as well as variable sgRNA activity. We applied CERES to sets of screens performed with different sgRNA libraries and found that it reduces false positive results and provides meaningful estimates of sgRNA activity. As a result, the application of CERES improves confidence in the interpretation of genetic dependency data from CRISPR-Cas9 essentiality screens of cancer cell lines.
A technology-enabled electronic incident report to document and facilitate management of sport concussion (2019)

Despite the widespread awareness of concussion across all levels of sport, the management of concussion from youth to college is inconsistent and fragmented. A fundamental gap contributing to inconsistent care is the lack of a scalable, systematic approach to document initial injury characteristics following concussion. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in injury profiles and management of youth, high school, and college athletes using a mobile application for incident report documentation.A cohort study was conducted in which concussion electronic incident report data from 46 high schools and colleges, and Cleveland Clinic ambulatory concussion clinics were gathered and analyzed.In sum, 1421 (N = 88 youth, N = 1171 high school and N = 162 college) athletes with sport-related concussions were included.Despite the relative absence of red flags, youth athletes had a greater probability of being sent to the emergency department than high school and collegiate athletes. Over 60% of athletes were removed from play immediately post-injury. Injury recognition was delayed in 25% of athletes due to delayed symptom reporting (20% of males, 16% of females) or delayed symptom onset (5% of males, 9% of females). A significantly greater incidence of red flags was evident in males, and in high school and collegiate athletes compared to youth athletes.The high frequency of youth athletes sent to the emergency department, despite the absence of red flags, may be a reflection of inadequate medical coverage at youth events, ultimately resulting in unnecessary utilization of emergency medicine services. The relatively high incidence of delayed injury reporting implies that additional educational efforts targeting student-athletes and the utilization of resources to improve injury detection are warranted. The systematic collection of injury-related demographics through the electronic mobile application facilitated interdisciplinary communication and improved the efficiency of managing athletes with concussion.
Use of the precision-fed cecectomized rooster assay to determine standardized amino acid digestibility, true metabolizable energy content, and digestible indispensable amino acid scores of plant-based protein by-products used in canine and feline diets (2021)

Traditionally, protein by-products from oil seeds and cereal grains have been used in pet foods as sustainable, inexpensive, and protein-rich ingredients. However, the on-going demonization of soy- and corn-based ingredients continue to hinder their use in pet food and treat formulations. Ideally, the further demonstration of their protein quality and nutrient composition may encourage their favorable return as acceptable ingredients in pet foods and treats. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine the macronutrient composition, indispensable amino acid profile, standardized amino acid digestibility, true metabolizable energy content corrected for nitrogen (TMEn), and digestible indispensable amino acid scores (DIAAS-like) of soy flakes (SF), peanut flour (PF), soybean meal (SBM), and corn gluten meal (CGM). Standardized amino acid digestibility was assessed using the precision-fed cecectomized rooster assay. All test ingredients demonstrated a profile of highly digestible indispensable amino acids except for lysine in PF, which was lowest (<i>P</i> < 0.05) at 45.5%. The SBM and CGM had the highest (<i>P</i> > 0.05) digestibilities of indispensable amino acids. A DIAAS-like value was calculated for each ingredient using either AAFCO (2020) recommended values or NRC (2006) recommended allowances as the reference protein pattern. For adult dogs compared to AAFCO recommended values, the first-limiting amino acid was lysine for PF and CGM but it was methionine for SF and SBM. For adult cats compared to AAFCO recommended values, the first-limiting amino acid was lysine for PF and CGM but it was threonine for SF. There was no first-limiting amino acid in SBM for cats as DIAAS-like values were over 100% for all indispensable amino acids. The TMEn values were highest (<i>P</i> < 0.05) for PF and CGM (4.58 and 4.31 kcal/g [dry matter basis], respectively). The protein quality of these plant-based protein by-products reflects their value as nutritional ingredients for canine and feline diets. However, the prior processing of these by-products must be considered before exposing them to additional processing methods, such as extrusion. Additionally, the inclusion of complementary proteins or supplemental amino acids will be needed to meet all indispensable amino acid requirements for a portion of nutritionally complete and balanced pet food.
Molecular design of hybrid organic-inorganic nanocomposites synthesized via sol-gel chemistry (1999)

The design, synthesis and some optical properties of hybrid organic-inorganic nanocomposites materials are presented. The properties that can be expected for such materials depend on the chemical nature of their components, but they also depend on the synergy of these components. Thus, the interface in these nanocomposites is of paramount significance and one key point of their synthesis is the control of this interface. These nanocomposites can be obtained by hydrolysis and condensation reactions of organically functionalized alkoxide precursors. Striking examples of hybrids made from modified silicon, tin and transition metal alkoxides are presented. Some optical properties (photochromic, luminescence, NLO) of siloxane based hybrids are also discussed.
Inkjet-Printed Nanocavities on a Photonic Crystal Template (2017)

The last decade has witnessed the rapid development of inkjet printing as an attractive bottom-up microfabrication technology due to its simplicity and potentially low cost. The wealth of printable materials has been key to its widespread adoption in organic optoelectronics and biotechnology. However, its implementation in nanophotonics has so far been limited by the coarse resolution of conventional inkjet-printing methods. In addition, the low refractive index of organic materials prevents the use of “soft-photonics” in applications where strong light confinement is required. This study introduces a hybrid approach for creating and fine tuning high-Q nanocavities, involving the local deposition of an organic ink on the surface of an inorganic 2D photonic crystal template using a commercially available high-resolution inkjet printer. The controllability of this approach is demonstrated by tuning the resonance of the printed nanocavities by the number of printer passes and by the fabrication of photonic crystal molecules with controllable splitting. The versatility of this method is evidenced by the realization of nanocavities obtained by surface deposition on a blank photonic crystal. A new method for a free-form, high-density, material-independent, and high-throughput fabrication technique is thus established with a manifold of opportunities in photonic applications.
Adaptive Modeling and Spectral Estimation of Nonstationary Biomedical Signals Based on Kalman Filtering (2005)

We describe an algorithm to estimate the instantaneous power spectral density (PSD) of nonstationary signals. The algorithm is based on a dual Kalman filter that adaptively generates an estimate of the autoregressive model parameters at each time instant. The algorithm exhibits superior PSD tracking performance in nonstationary signals than classical nonparametric methodologies, and does not assume local stationarity of the data. Furthermore, it provides better time-frequency resolution, and is robust to model mismatches. We demonstrate its usefulness by a sample application involving PSD estimation of intracranial pressure signals (ICP) from patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).
[Application of palpation in various acupuncture schools of the United States: current status and considerations]. (2010)

Palpation is one of the major diagnostic methods in Chinese medicine. The article has summed up the current status, features and origins of various palpations in different acupuncture schools in the United States, including palpation on meridian, collaterals and acupoints in traditional Chinese acupuncture, abdominal palpation of Japanese acupuncture, pulse checking for couples in five-element acupuncture, palpation on tendon straps and muscle response testing in acupuncture physical medicine. Since great importance has always been attached on social psychological factors in all acupuncture schools of America, it is thus concluded that the interactive mechanism of diagnosis and treatment represented by palpation feedback examination is not only the manifestation of people oriented individualized treatment both physically and psychologically in America, but also a kind of inheritance and development of diagnosis and treatment in the modernization of TCM.
Fractal dimension of the retinal vasculature and risk of stroke: A nested case-control study (2011)

Recent studies show associations between retinal vascular changes and small infarcts detected on brain imaging, or clinical stroke.1 Fractal dimension has been used as a global measure of the geometric pattern of the retinal vasculature2,3 potentially representing the complex branching pattern of the microvasculature, including the cerebral microvasculature. We have developed an automatic method to assess spectrum fractal dimension (SFD) of the retinal microvasculature using Fourier-transformed images.4,5

Two previous studies have reported cross-sectional associations between retinal fractal dimension and lacunar stroke.6,7 In this study, we aimed to examine the association between baseline SFD and stroke incidence using a case-control sample nested in the Blue Mountains Eye Study (BMES).

### Methods.

The BMES is a population-based cohort study of an urban population aged 49 years or older (n = 3,654), representing 82.4% of eligible population in a defined area of the Blue Mountains region, Australia.1 Stroke cases were defined among participants with no past history of stroke at baseline (1992–1994) but who developed stroke during the subsequent 5 years (1997–1999), or who died from stroke or stroke-related causes by late 2005. Detailed definitions of stroke events and mortality are shown in …
Sequence-dependent cooperative interactions in A/T-containing oligo- and polydeoxyribonucleotides (1986)

To evaluate the length and sequence dependence of the unusual interaction properties observed for nonalternating A/T sequences in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) [Wilson, W. D., Wang, Y. H., Krishnamoorthy, C. R., & Smith, J. C. (1985) Biochemistry 24, 3991-3999], we have synthesized the oligomers d(A-T)6, dA10 X dT10, and d(A6-T6) and evaluated their interaction with the intercalator propidium. Propidium visible spectral shifts on adding all three oligomers are quite similar. Low-temperature spectrophotometric binding measurements indicate that d(A-T)6 has a significantly larger binding constant for propidium than dA10.dT10, as with the analogous alternating and nonalternating DNA polymers. The oligomer dA10.dT10 displays positive cooperativity in its propidium binding isotherm, and its binding constant increases with increasing temperature while d(A-T)6 does not display positive cooperativity, and its binding constant decreases with temperature, again as with the analogous polymers. van't Hoff plots indicate that the propidium binding enthalpies are approximately -9 and +6 kcal/mol for the alternating and nonalternating DNA samples, respectively. The mixed-sequence self-complementary oligomer d(A6-T6) has an unusual low-temperature binding isotherm which suggests a single strong binding site and a larger number of weaker binding sites which bind propidium cooperatively. A van't Hoff plot indicates that the cooperative sites d(A-T)6 have binding constants and binding enthalpies similar to dA10.dT10. Similar rate constants are observed in the sodium dodecyl sulfate driven dissociation reaction of propidium from d(A-T)6 and d(A6-T6), but the association reaction of propidium is significantly slower with d(A6-T6) than with d(A-T)6.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A Theory of Plans for Electronic Circuits (1977)

This report describes research done at the Artificial Intelligence Laboratory of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Support for the Laboratory's artificial intelligence research is provided in part by the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the Department of Defense under Office of Naval Research contract N00014-75-C-0643.