gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Approaching Non-Disruptive Distributed Ledger Technologies via the Exchange Network Architecture (2020)

The rise of distributed ledger technologies, such as R3 Corda, Hyperledger Fabric and Ethereum, has lead to a surge of interest in digitalizing different forms of contractual cooperation. By allowing for ledgers of collaboration-critical data to be reliably maintained between stakeholders without intermediaries, these solutions might enable unprecedented degrees of automation across organizational boundaries, which could have major implications for supply chain integration, medical journal sharing and many other use cases. However, these technologies tend to break with prevailing business practices by relying on code-as-contracts and distributed consensus algorithms, which can impose disruptive requirements on contract language, cooperation governance and interaction privacy. In this paper, we show how our Exchange Network architecture could be applied to avoid these disruptors. To be able to reason about the adequacy of our architecture, we present six requirements for effective contractual collaboration, which notably includes negotiable terms and effective adjudication. After outlining the architecture and our implementation of it, we describe how the latter meets our requirements by facilitating (1) negotiation, (2) user registries, (3) ownership ledgers and (4) definition sharing, as well as by only replicating ledgers between stakeholder pairs. To show how our approach compares to other solutions, we also consider how Corda, Fabric and Ethereum meet our requirements. We conclude that digital negotiation and ownership could replace many proposed uses of code-as-contracts for better compatibility with current contractual practices, as well as noting that distributed consensus algorithms are not mandatory for digital cooperation.
Eutectic Composition of a Chiral Mixture Containing a Racemic Compound (2007)

The enantioseparation process is of great interest to the\npharmaceutical industry since more than 50% of the pharmaceutically active ingredients are known to be chiral and one\nenantiomer is usually preferred over the racemic mixture.\nCrystallization is widely used as the final step to reject the\nenantiomeric impurity from a mixture. Yet, a fundamental\nguidance on developing a purification procedure for systems\nforming racemic compounds (which account for more than 90%\nof all chiral systems) is not available. In this work, it is shown\nthat the enantiomeric excess (ee) of the eutectic point is the key\ninformation needed to assess the feasibility of a crystallization\nprocess and to predict the purity and the yield of the product.\nIn a dilute solution, the eutectic ee is determined solely by a\neutectic constant (&lt;i&gt;K&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;eu&lt;/sub&gt;), a new parameter introduced in this\npaper. &lt;i&gt;K&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;eu&lt;/sub&gt; is defined as the ratio of the activity of the major\nenantiomer to that of the minor enantiomer. A eutectic constant\nequation was derived from the basics of thermodynamics, and\nfor the first time, it was shown that the &lt;i&gt;K&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;eu&lt;/sub&gt; is independent of\nsolvent if no solvates are formed but varies with temperature.\nWith an understanding of how the eutectic ee changes with\nsolvent and temperature, the time and material required in\ndeveloping a crystallization procedure for ee enhancement can\nbe dramatically reduced. This theory was supported by experimental data, and its application was demonstrated on a system\nof pharmaceutical interest.
Reduced-Order Modeling of Thermal Dynamics in District Energy Networks using Spectral Clustering (2022)

Simulation of thermal dynamics in city-scale district energy grids often becomes computationally prohibitive for long simulation runs. Current model order reduction methods offer limited interpretability with regards to the nonreduced system, and are not in general applicable for e.g., varying flow rates, multiple producers, or changing flow directions. This article presents a novel method based on graph theory that approximates the solution of an optimization problem that minimizes the local truncation error for heat transport in the grid. It is shown that the method can be used to reduce the thermal dynamic model of a city-scale energy grid, resulting in a coarser temporal and spatial resolution. The relative root mean square error was 2.3 % for the temperature in the evaluation scenario, comparing the reduced-order system with the nonreduced system at the instances of the coarser time-step.
Circulating current control in modular multilevel converters with fundamental switching frequency (2012)

The modular multilevel converter is a suitable topology for high-voltage applications as it combines very low switching frequency and excellent harmonic performance. In fact, it has been shown that the modular multilevel converter can even be operated at the fundamental switching frequency. If the circulating current is not controlled, a second-order harmonic component will appear. This component increases the resistive losses and the capacitor voltage ripple. Different control methods have been developed for eliminating this component in the circulating current. These are, however, based on continuous representations of the system and no control method suitable for fundamental switching frequency have yet been proposed. This paper presents a control method that combines a fundamental switching frequency scheme with an active control of the circulating current. The controller is verified experimentally on a 10-kVA laboratory prototype with five submodules per arm. The experimental validation is performed in both inverter and rectifier modes.
Cover Feature: Iodine‐Catalyzed Isomerization of Dimethyl Muconate (ChemSusChem 11/2018) (2018)

The Cover Feature illustrates iodine-catalyzed isomerization of the biomass-derived platform chemical, cis,cis-muconic acid, to trans,trans-muconic acid, a relevant isomer for upgrading to commodity chemical products. More information can be found in the Full Paper by Settle and Berstis et al. on page 1768 in Issue 11, 2018 (DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201800606).
Molecular phospholipid films on solid supports (2011)

Phospholipid membranes are versatile structures for mimicking biological surfaces. Bilayer and monolayer membranes can be formed on solid supports, leading to enhanced stability and accessibility of the biomimetic molecular film. This has facilitated functional studies of membrane proteins and aided the development of membrane-based applications in, for example, biosensing, self-assembled reaction kinetics and catalysis. Assembly and preparation of lipid films on supporting surfaces is a challenging engineering task with the goal of fabricating mechanically, chemically and thermodynamically stable lipid membranes. In this review, the current state of the art of molecularly thin lipid layer fabrication is presented with an emphasis on support materials, film formation mechanisms, characterisation methods, and applications.
Midinfrared vibrational circular dichroism studies of cyclophosphamide and its congeners (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMidinfrared vibrational circular dichroism studies of cyclophosphamide and its congenersC. N. Su, T. A. Keiderling, K. Misiura, and W. J. StecCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 25, 7343–7344Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00389a087https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00389a087research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views51Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Four-Port Circulating Duplexer for Simultaneous Transmit Receive Wireless Operation (2022)

This article presents a new four-port electronic circulating duplexer (CD) that enables similar functionality to that of a four port circulator. The proposed CD is formed by connecting a quadrature hybrid (QH) and a quasi-circulating quadrature hybrid (QCQH). We derive the S-matrix of the CD by employing Mason's rule and verify the analytical results by simulations in which the 90° NRPS of the QCQH is implemented as a behavioral 8-Path NRPS. The functionality of CD enables implementation as a simultaneous transmit-receive (STR) RF front end that includes transmit (TX), antenna (ANT), self-interference cancellation (SIC) and receive (RX) dedicated ports. Measurements of a CD with a commercial QH connected to a QCQH that employs 65-nm NMOS 4-path NRPS integrated on PCB, show a 1.6 dB TX-to-ANT, less than 2 dB ANT-SIC and 2.9 dB SIC-to-RX losses over 40MHz bandwidth. TX-RX and TX-SIC isolation are also measured showing 18 and 13.5 dB respectively. A 5 dBm modulated TX signal at 970 MHz achieved a total isolation of 55 dB with active SIC injection along with a TX EVM of −39 dB.
Birefringence control for ultraviolet-induced index change in Planar Lightwave Circuits (1999)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text J. Albert, F. Bilodeau, K. O. Hill, D. C. Johnson, S. J. Mihailov, Y. Hibino, and M. Abe, "Birefringence control for ultraviolet-induced index change in Planar Lightwave Circuits," in Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity, and Poling in Glass Waveguides, T. Erdogan, E. Friebele, and R. Kashyap, eds., Vol. 33 of OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics Series (Optica Publishing Group, 1999), paper CA2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Assembly and Test for MEMS and Optical MEMS (2017)

Micro-electro-mechanical systems (or microsystems) are devices that include mechanical and electrical elements. Transducers, or devices that transform one form of energy into another form of energy, are often the electro-mechanical elements within these systems. The purpose of most MEMS is to act as sensors or actuators: that is, devices that interact directly with the physical environment. Sensors can convert such physical signals as pressure, temperature, acceleration, displacement, light, etc. into electrical signals to be processed by electronics. Moreover, electrical signals can be converted in actuators to perform work on the environment, like pumping and valve operation in microfluidics, and switching in optics and/or electronics. In many cases, physical signals induced by the package can be misinterpreted as signals from the environment. For example, in pressure sensors, packaging stress can affect the stress of the sensor (or transducer), thus affecting the output of the device. Vibrational modes in the package can influence the operation of an accelerometer. In summary, packaging affects the MEMS. This was observed very early in the development of sensors and actuators. Senturia and Smith noted in 1988,"... it is necessary to design the microsensor and the package AT THE SAME TIME.” They made two very important observations in this work: (1) “Packaging people” and “sensor people” are usually not the same people, and they do not always work well together; and (2) consideration of the package can result in elimination of possible sensor designs because they would not be feasible in a particular package.
Treatment facility volume and survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. (2018)

594 Background: Higher treatment facility (TF) volume has been linked with improved surgical and hematologic malignancy outcomes. We evaluated the association between TF volume and overall survival (OS) in pts with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Methods: The National Cancer Data Base was queried for all pts with mRCC and survival data available (2004 to 2013, cohort A). We defined high volume TFs as those in the top 20 th percentile of mean number of mRCC pts treated per year ( &gt; 5 pts). The effect of volume on OS was determined using unadjusted Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression models (MVA) adjusting for pt (age, sex, race, ethnicity, insurance type, income, Charlson-Deyo Score), facility (location, practice setting) and clinical characteristics (histology, presence or absence of liver and lung metastasis). Increasingly more stringent inclusion criteria were used to confirm the overall cohort association (cohort B = mRCC pts with active treatment; cohort C = mRCC pts with systemic therapy; cohort D = mRCC pts with systemic therapy at the reporting institution; cohort E = mRCC pts with systemic therapy at the reporting institution with liver and lung metastatic status known). Results: There were 44,109 mRCC pts treated at 1,224 TFs. The median age was 65, 66% were men and 75% had clear cell mRCC. Median TF volume was 2.4 pts/year (range 0.1-46.8). High volume TFs treated 54% of all mRCC pts. The unadjusted median overall survival of mRCC patients (cohort A) treated at high vs low volume TFs was 9.2 vs 6.4 months (P &lt; 0.0001). This difference was maintained in all cohorts: cohort B = 13.7 vs 10.9, cohort C = 12.4 vs 10.0, cohort D = 12.5 vs 9.3, and cohort E = 13.4 vs 10.6 months (P &lt; 0.0001 for all cohorts). MVA confirmed that facility volume was associated with all-cause mortality after adjustment: HR = 0.85, [95% CI 0.82-0.88], P &lt; 0.001. These results were consistent regardless of inclusion criteria, e.g. for cohort E: HR = 0.839, [95% CI 0.785-0.897], P &lt; 0.0001. Considering the definition of high volume, all thresholds &gt; 5 pts/year showed a survival benefit, with the largest effects at ≥10 pts/year. Conclusions: Patients with mRCC treated at higher volume facilities had a longer survival compared with those treated at lower volume facilities.
Visualization of dislocation behavior in HVPE‐grown GaN using facet controlling techniques (2017)

We achieve low threading dislocation (TD) density in the order of 10 4 –10 5 cm −2 over the whole surface of hydride‐vapor‐phase‐epitaxy (HVPE)‐grown GaN, using a facet controlling technique. The SiO 2 ‐striped mask patterns used in this method have 10 μm masking regions and 200 μm‐wide windows for selective area growth. Although this GaN layer was grown using patterned masks, no concentration of dislocations was observed over the whole surface of the GaN layer. We also visualized the unique dislocation behavior over the entire selectively grown GaN layer area. Three‐dimensional distributions of dislocation densities for both the threading and in‐plane dislocations of the HVPE‐grown GaN were obtained by the three dimensional cathodoluminescence imaging using inclined polished specimens.
Speech in Mobile and Pervasive Environments (2012)

This book provides a cross-disciplinary reference to speech in mobile and pervasive environmentsSpeech in Mobile and Pervasive Environments addresses the issues related to speech processing on resource-constrained mobile devices. These include speech recognition in noisy environments, specialised hardware for speech recognition and synthesis, the use of context to enhance recognition and user experience, and the emerging software standards required for interoperability. This book takes a multi-disciplinary look at these matters, while offering an insight into the opportunities and challenges of speech processing in mobile environs. In developing regions, speech-on-mobile is set to play a momentous role, socially and economically; the authors discuss how voice-based solutions and applications offer a compelling and natural solution in this setting.Key FeaturesProvides a holistic overview of all speech technology related topics in the context of mobilityBrings together the latest research in a logically connected way in a single volumeCovers hardware, embedded recognition and synthesis, distributed speech recognition, software technologies, contextual interfacesDiscusses multimodal dialogue systems and their evaluationIntroduces speech in mobile and pervasive environments for developing regionsThis book provides a comprehensive overview for beginners and experts alike. It can be used as a textbook for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students in electrical engineering and computer science. Students, practitioners or researchers in the areas of mobile computing, speech processing, voice applications, human-computer interfaces, and information and communication technologies will also find this reference insightful. For experts in the above domains, this book complements their strengths. In addition, the book will serve as a guide to practitioners working in telecom-related industries.
Self-Assembly of Metal–Organic Framework (MOF) Nanoparticle Monolayers and Free-Standing Multilayers (2019)

We report the first self-assembled porous monolayer and free-standing multilayer films composed of metal-organic framework (MOF) nanoparticles. Self-assembled MOF monolayers (SAMMs) were assembled at a liquid-air interface to produce films that are 87 wt % (89 vol %) MOF. Monolayer self-assembly was aided by growing a layer of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) on the particle surface using a histamine anchor. SAMMs could be stacked to obtain MOF multilayers, including alternating MOF/polymer heterostructures. SAMMs were coated on silicon microparticles, and a MOF film constructed of only five stacked layers could be manipulated as a free-standing, opalescent film. These monolayers are a significant advancement for obtaining highly functional porous membranes and coatings.
Linkage Analysis in a Large Family from Pakistan with Depression and a High Incidence of Consanguineous Marriages (2008)

The analysis of very large families is computationally demanding. Problems encountered in this analysis, including loss of power due to reduced polymorphism information content and sensitivity of the LOD score method to estimates of allele frequencies, severely limited the chance of detecting linkage.
Anchoring ceria nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide and their\n electronic transport properties (2011)

This paper has been withdrawn.
Associative Blockchain for Decentralized PKI Transparency (2021)

The conventional public key infrastructure (PKI) model, which powers most of the Internet, suffers from an excess of trust into certificate authorities (CAs), compounded by a lack of transparency which makes it vulnerable to hard-to-detect targeted stealth impersonation attacks. Existing approaches to make certificate issuance more transparent, including ones based on blockchains, are still somewhat centralized. We present decentralized PKI transparency (DPKIT): a decentralized client-based approach to enforcing transparency in certificate issuance and revocation while eliminating single points of failure. DPKIT efficiently leverages an existing blockchain to realize an append-only, distributed associative array, which allows anyone (or their browser) to audit and update the history of all publicly issued certificates and revocations for any domain. Our technical contributions include definitions for append-only associative ledgers, a security model for certificate transparency, and a formal analysis of our DPKIT construction with respect to the same. Intended as a client-side browser extension, DPKIT will be effective at fraud detection and prosecution, even under fledgling user adoption, and with better coverage and privacy than federated observatories, such as Google’s or the Electronic Frontier Foundation’s.
High and Low Strength Nonsynchronized Shocks Given During Canine Ventricular Tachycardia (1992)

when given during ventricular tachycardia, low strength shocks are much more likely to cause ventricular fibrillation or accelerated ventricular tachycardia than are high strength shocks (P less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Carotid artery stenting: When and how to do it? (2019)

Poster: ECR 2019 / C-3408 / Carotid artery stenting: When and how to do it? by: R. N. M. Abdalla 1, E. T. E. Abdullah2, A. Mugahid2, A. H. A. H. Ibrahim2, P. M. A. D. Mohamed Abouelhoda2, M. M. M. Ashour3, M. A. M. Ayoub2, S. Salah2, A. D. Metry2; 1Cairo, ca/EG, 2cairo/EG, 3Cairo, New Cairo/EG
Bilayer protograph codes for half-duplex relay channels (2010)

This paper presents a high-performing LDPC code for the relay channel that addresses simultaneously two important issues: a code structure that allows low encoding complexity, and a flexible rate-compatible code that allows matching to various channel conditions. Most of the previous high-performance LDPC codes for the relay channel are tightly optimized for a given channel quality and are not easily adapted, without extensive re-optimization, for various channel conditions. This paper presents a code for the relay channel that combines structured design and easy encoding with rate compatibility to allow adaptation to the three links involved in the relay channel, and furthermore offers very good performance. The proposed code is constructed by synthesizing a bilayer structure with a protograph. In addition to the contribution to relay encoding, we also produce an improved family of protograph codes for the point-to-point AWGN channel whose high-rate members enjoy thresholds that are within 0.07 dB of capacity.
A γl Heavy‐Chain Disease Protein (EST) Lacking the Entire VH and CH1 Domains (1980)

A gamma l heavy-chain disease protein (EST) is described which lacks the entire VH and CHl domains and starts with the normal sequence of gamma l H-chains corresponding to the beginning of the hinger region (position 216). Although degradation cannot be excluded with certainty, it is probable that this protein is synthesized as an internally deleted gamma heavy-chain disease protein. Presumably a DNA recombination has occurred resulting in the deletion of the genes of coding for the VH and CHl domains with splicing of the precursor RNA to the sequence coding for the hinge region.
Monogagaine, a Novel Dimeric Indole Alkaloid from Tabernaemontana chippii and Tabernaemontana dichotoma [1] (1985)

Abstract From the rootbark of Tabernaemontana chippii and the stembark of T. dichotoma a novel dimeric indole alkaloid was isolated which was named monogagaine. It was assigned structure 1 on the basis of spectral data. It showed antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis.