gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Linking Inputs and Outcomes: Achievement among Economically Disadvantaged Appalachian Middle Grades Students. (1992)

This paper examines school, family, and community factors related to the academic success of economically disadvantaged Appalachian students. In two middle schools in Appalachian Kentucky and Tennessee, 245 students who received free or reduced-price school lunches completed the Rural School Success Inventory (RSSI) and a writing sample about aspirations and world view. Academically successful students were defined as having both a grade point average above 2.5 and an average standardized test score above the 50th percentile. Results of the writing sample indicate that at both schools, the majority of students wanted to attend college, to marry in their early twenties, to obtain a good-paying job, and to reside in another state. On the RSSI, economic characteristics had little power to differentiate high and low achievers, but family interactions were critical factors linked to school performance. These factors include: student participation in family activities, the parent-student relationship, and the emphasis placed on education by the family (as evidenced by parent involvement at school, parent educatiolial attainment, reading at home, and studying with siblings). At the Tennessee school, high achievers were more likely to be involved in extracurricular activities and to live close to school. (Contains 51 references.) (SV) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ***********************************************************************
Microscopic and Thermal Characterization of Starch-Silicon Dioxide Elastomers (2022)

Elastomers were synthesized from potato starch with silicon dioxide as a reinforcement filler. The films were further subjected to microscopic and thermal characterization.
Washing red blood cells and platelets transfused in cardiac surgery reduces postoperative inflammation and number of transfusions (2011)

Washed blood transfusions in cardiac surgery reduced inflammatory biomarkers, number of transfusions, donor exposures, and were associated with a nonsignificant trend toward reduced mortality. A larger study powered to test for clinical outcomes is needed to determine whether these laboratory findings are clinically significant.
Heterogeneous Relay Selection (2013)

Relay selection, a simple and efficient method of operating multi-relay networks, has in the past been considered only when all relays follow the same protocol. This work studies relay selection in heterogeneous relay networks where relays with different protocols can co-exist. The new techniques for the analysis of such networks are demonstrated on a mixture of decode-forward relays and amplify-forward relays, as well as a mixture of non-orthogonal amplify-forward (NAF) and dynamic decode-forward (DDF) relays, and also a mixture of NAF and compress-forward relays. In each case the diversity-multiplexing tradeoff is calculated. In the process, a noteworthy limitation of previous relay selection schemes is also relaxed and removed: In the past in multi-relay networks the direct source-destination link has been ignored whenever it introduces dependencies among selection decision variables, as it often does. This has been motivated chiefly by the lack of suitable analytical techniques for order statistics of dependent random variables. In this work, relay selection analysis is extended to allow the presence of a direct source-destination link. As a side benefit, the relay selection results in homogeneous networks (where relays are all of the same type) are also extended to include the presence of a source-destination link.
Study of temperature field and inherent strain produced by high frequency induction heating on flat plate (2004)

In the heating and bending process for ship hull plates, high frequency induction heating is replacing traditional torch flame heating. In this paper, the finite element model of high frequency induction heating source isdeveloped based on the feature of high frequency induction heating. In this model, the temperature field of high frequency induction heating is analyzed, and the validity of this model is confirmed by experimental results. Using the developed heat source model, the deformations have been calculated. Further, based on the knowledge obtained through the study, simple formulae to calculate the inherent strain of high frequency induction heating are proposed. Using the inherent strain given by the formulae, an elastic finite element method is developed to predict the deformation produced by heating and bending.
Measurements of W+W−+ ≥ 1 jet production cross-sections in pp collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector (2021)

A bstract Fiducial and differential cross-section measurements of W + W − production in association with at least one hadronic jet are presented. These measurements are sensitive to the properties of electroweak-boson self-interactions and provide a test of perturbative quantum chromodynamics and the electroweak theory. The analysis is performed using proton-proton collision data collected at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:msqrt> </mml:math> = 13 TeV with the ATLAS experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb − 1 . Events are selected with exactly one oppositely charged electron-muon pair and at least one hadronic jet with a transverse momentum of p T &gt; 30 GeV and a pseudorapidity of | η | &lt; 4 . 5. After subtracting the background contributions and correcting for detector effects, the jet-inclusive W + W − + ≥ 1 jet fiducial cross-section and W + W − + jets differential cross-sections with respect to several kinematic variables are measured. These measurements include leptonic quantities, such as the lepton transverse momenta and the transverse mass of the W + W − system, as well as jet-related observables such as the leading jet transverse momentum and the jet multiplicity. Limits on anomalous triple-gauge-boson couplings are obtained in a phase space where interference between the Standard Model amplitude and the anomalous amplitude is enhanced.
Reuse of Post-Consumer E-Waste for Low Cost Micropower Distribution (2011)

A novel medium voltage distribution system to electrify rural areas in developing nations using post consumer resources is presented in this paper. Using transformers repurposed from discarded microwave ovens to form a medium voltage micro grid, power may be distributed over an area of a few square kilometers while interconnecting a wide variety of generation sources and storage at a fraction of the cost of traditional systems. Microwave oven transformers (MOTs) are systematically characterized for optimal performance in these cases and construction guidelines are provided. A candidate distribution system using MOTs was constructed to deliver power from a small wind turbine to a small building at a horticulture field station. Results from this demonstration project are provided.
Semiconductor Nanocrystals: Liquid–Liquid Diffusion‐Assisted Crystallization: A Fast and Versatile Approach Toward High Quality Mixed Quantum Dot‐Salt Crystals (Adv. Funct. Mater. 18/2015) (2015)

Mixed crystals composed of semiconductor quantum dots are demonstrated as emissive centers and NaCl as host matrix. These composites are prepared using the liquid–liquid diffusion assisted crystallization (LLDC) approach described by N. Gaponik and team on page 2638. These mixed crystals are robust and strong emitters suitable for color conversion applications.
Database techniques for the analysis and exploration of software repositories (2004)

In a typical software engineering project, there is a large and diverse body of documents that a development team produces, including requirement documents, specifications, designs, code, and bug reports. Documents typically have different formats and are managed in several repositories. The heterogeneity among document formats and the diversity of repositories make it often not feasible to query and explore the repositories in an integrated and transparent fashion during the different phases of the software development process. Here, we present a framework for the analysis and exploration of software repositories. Our approach applies database techniques to integrate, and manage different documents produced by a team. Tools that exploit the database functionality then allow for the processing of complex queries against a document collection to extract trends and analyze correlations, which provide important insights into the software development and maintenance process. We present a prototype implementation using the Apache Web-server project as a case study.
Mass Production Technology of Flexible AMOLED Displays and Improvement of the OLED Device Characteristics (2019)

We have developed low power consumption 6.18" WQHD+ flexible AMOLED display with highly efficient top-emission type Blue OLED and successfully launched its mass production. For the next step, we develop more reliable flexible AMOLED display composed by a hole transport material with deep HOMO level and high hole injection property, and a hole-blocking material with shallow LUMO level and strong electron braking ability.
Organic Nanocrystals for Nanomedicine and Biophotonics (2010)

In this chapter we described three topics; first, we explained how to prepare the organic nanocrystals in aqueous dispersion system using the reprecipitation method. Second, we referred the recent our achievements of organic nanocrystals in nanomedicine and biophotonics. Third, we remarked the future direction of organic nanocrystals in nanomedicine and biophotonics. We believe that our organic nanocrystals technology, recent results, and ideas will be helpful especially for biochemist, biophysicist, nanoscientist, and medical scientist for tremendous advances in their specialized fields and in their multidisciplinary.
A novel transglutaminase-mediated post-translational modification of phospholipase A2 dramatically increases its catalytic activity. (1990)

Transglutaminases (TG), which include coagulation Factor XIIIa, are calcium-dependent ubiquitous enzymes. TGs catalyze the formation of an isopeptide bond by cross-linking a specific glutamine and a lysine residue between two proteins or within the same protein molecule. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is a key enzyme in the regulation of prostaglandin and leukotriene biosynthetic pathways, which catalyzes the release of free fatty acids from the sn-2 position of membrane glycerophospholipids. This enzyme has been suggested to be pathophysiologically related to the initiation and propagation of several inflammatory diseases including juvenile rheumatoid and rheumatoid arthritis. Here, we describe a novel TG-catalyzed post-translational modification of PLA2 which dramatically increases the activity of this enzyme. This increase was dependent upon the time of preincubation, the concentration of TG and the presence of Ca2+. Size exclusion chromatography of TG-treated PLA2 yielded two peaks of PLA2 activity, with apparent molecular masses of 26 and 13 kDa, respectively. The 26-kDa species, a putative PLA2 dimer, contained epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine isopeptide in about 1:1 molar ratio to PLA2, suggesting an intramolecular rather than intermolecular cross-linking. This hypothesis was confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the 26- and 13-kDa species under denaturing conditions. The specific activity of the dimeric peak was 10-fold higher with respect to that of the monomeric enzyme. These data suggest that TG-catalyzed covalent cross-linking of PLA2 is intramolecular and that this may promote a noncovalent dimerization and subsequent activation of this enzyme via a conformational change. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration that TG-mediated post-translational modification of an enzyme (e.g. PLA2) causes a striking increase in the catalytic activity of the enzyme.
Analysis of competing topologies of linear induction machines for high speed material transport systems (2002)

The authors investigate longitudinal and transverse flux linear motor topologies for very high acceleration rate (3-4 g) and high speed (120 km/hr) material transport systems which have significant technical and economic potential in flexible manufacturing environments. The general topology under consideration is a double-sided, short moving-secondary/long-fixed-primary, linear induction motor (LIM). The transport system requirements place severe demands on the machinery topology. In addition to efficient thrust production, the linear machine must be capable of generating large unbalanced normal (i.e., lateral) forces in order to achieve electromagnetic (mechanically passive) steering of vehicles with both straight and curvilinear primaries. Air gap chording and short secondary effects are two additional design complications. Particular emphasis is placed on the orientation of the magnetic flux (i.e., longitudinal vs. transverse). A hybrid system topology consisting of a longitudinal-flux orientation within straight sections and a transverse-flux orientation within curvilinear sections appears to offer the best of both topologies.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Association of the US President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief’s Funding With Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV in Kenya (2019)

Evidence from publicly available data suggests that PEPFAR's PMTCT funding was associated with a reduction in infant mortality and an increase in HIV testing during ANC in Kenya. The full outcome of funding may not be realized until several years after allocation.
Abstract 15: Suppression of adaptive responses to targeted therapies by transcriptional inhibition (2017)

Abstract Tumor cells become dependent on the expression of key genes that drive hallmark tumor traits, but these “addictions” also represent potential vulnerabilities for therapeutic intervention. Treating tumor cells with a small molecule inhibitor of the transcriptional kinase CDK7 selectively suppresses expression of key dependency genes in multiple cancers. Our previous work showed responses to the CDK7 inhibitor THZ1 were especially noteworthy in T cell leukemias, small cell lung cancers, and triple-negative breast cancers—tumor types where the prognoses are especially unfavorable. The genes whose expression is most sensitive to CDK7 inhibition and whose expression is essential for tumor cell survival are often associated with super-enhancers—clusters of constituent enhancers that are bound by unusually large amounts of transcription apparatus including CDK7 itself. This “Achilles’ cluster” of super-enhancer-associated genes thus represents the set of addictions of tumor cells whose expression is important for tumor cell survival. Transcriptional inhibition synergizes with targeted therapies in models of multiple tumor types. Treating tumors with therapies that target kinase proteins such as EGFR, FGFR, and KRAS leads to resistance, which is concurrent with changes in the activities of enhancers and super-enhancers and gene expression programs of resistant cells. Treating cells with a transcriptional inhibitor in addition to targeted therapies prevents “rewiring” of the gene expression program and increases cell death in tumor models. Thus transcriptional inhibition represents a promising avenue in both monotherapy and combination settings where drug resistance is acquired. Citation Format: Maria Rusan, Kapsok Li, Yvonne Li, Camilla L. Christensen, Brian J. Abraham, Nicholas Kwiatkowski, Kevin Buczkowski, Bruno Bockorny, Ting Chen, Shuai Li, Haikuo Zhang, Hideko Terai, Tiffany Tavares, Tinghu Zhang, Tae Jung Kim, Michael Silkes, Tenny Mudianto, Li Tan, Takeshi Shimamura, Matthew Meyerson, Hideo Watanabe, Nathanael S. Gray, Richard A. Young, Kwok-Kin Wong, Peter S. Hammerman. Suppression of adaptive responses to targeted therapies by transcriptional inhibition [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 15. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-15
An Injectable Antibiotic Hydrogel that Scavenges Proinflammatory Factors for the Treatment of Severe Abdominal Trauma (2022)

Abstract Bacterial infection and excessive inflammation following abdominal injury can cause life‐threatening complications that lead to multiple organ failure and death. Removing bacteria and proinflammatory factors—which are predominantly negatively charged—from the wound site with a cationic, antibiotic‐containing hydrogel wound dressing is therefore a promising treatment approach for severe abdominal trauma. Here an injectable, self‐healing hydrogel composed of the gel‐forming glycosaminoglycan oxidized chondroitin sulfate (OCS), cationic polyethylenimine (PEI), and the antibiotic tobramycin (Tob) via a Schiff's base reaction is developed. Compared with hydrogels lacking either PEI or Tob, only the Tob/PEI/OCS hydrogels exhibit a large binding capacity for negatively‐charged proinflammatory factors including cell‐free DNA, lipopolysaccharides, TNF‐α, and high mobility group box 1 protein, and a large reduction in bacterial populations in vitro. In a murine model of severe abdominal trauma, the Tob/PEI/OCS hydrogel exhibits good biodegradability and biosafety, reduced local and systemic inflammation and infection, and prevents multiple organ failure, resulting in 100% survival. This hydrogel dressing is thus a promising biomaterial for preventing complications and improving outcomes following severe abdominal trauma.
“Chronic myelogenous leukemia in primary blast crisis” rather than “de novo BCR ‐ ABL 1 ‐positive acute myeloid leukemia” (2017)

Differentiating chronic myelogenous leukemia in primary blast crisis (CML-BC) from de novo <i>BCR-ABL1</i>-positive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a diagnostic challenge with therapeutic consequences. In our case, a basophilia, the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome in all metaphases and the strict exclusion of molecular hallmarks of AML lead us to retain the diagnosis of CML-BC rather than <i>BCR-ABL1+</i> AML.
Guest Editorial: In-Band Full-Duplex Wireless Communications and Networks (2014)

The articles in this special issue focus on the technology and applications supported by in-band full duplex wireless services.
Talbot effect of orbital angular momentum lattices with single photons (2020)

The self-imaging, or Talbot effect, that occurs with the propagation of periodically structured waves has enabled several unique applications in optical metrology, image processing, data transmission, and matter-wave interferometry. In this paper, we report on a demonstration of a Talbot effect with single photons prepared in a lattice of orbital angular momentum (OAM) states. We observe that upon propagation the wavefronts of the single photons manifest self-imaging whereby the OAM lattice intensity profile is recovered. Furthermore, we show that the intensity at fractional Talbot distances is indicative of a periodic helical phase structure corresponding to a lattice of OAM states. This phenomenon is a powerful addition to the toolbox of orbital angular momentum and spin-orbit techniques that have already enabled many recent developments in quantum optics.
Out of Order: How important is the sequential order of words in a sentence in Natural Language Understanding tasks? (2021)

Do state-of-the-art natural language understanding models care about word order? Not always! We found 75% to 90% of the correct predictions of BERT-based classifiers, trained on many GLUE tasks, remain constant after input words are randomly shuffled. Although BERT embeddings are famously contextual, the contribution of each individual word to classification is almost unchanged even after its surrounding words are shuffled. BERTbased models exploit superficial cues (e.g. the sentiment of keywords in sentiment analysis; or the word-wise similarity between sequencepair inputs in natural language inference) to make correct decisions when tokens are randomly shuffled. Encouraging models to capture word order information improves the performance on most GLUE tasks and SQuAD 2.0. Our work suggests that many GLUE tasks are not challenging machines to understand the meaning of a sentence.
The Opportunity for Conspiracy in Restraint of Trade: An Experimental Study (2001)

This outstanding collection spanning three decades comprises a superb selection of Charles R. Plott’s work in experimental economics. Market Institutions and Price Discovery contains papers which define problems, create laboratory methodology and produce the first results in many areas of experimental economics.
Cytochrome P450 CYP2J9, a New Mouse Arachidonic Acid ω-1 Hydroxylase Predominantly Expressed in Brain (2001)

A cDNA encoding a new cytochrome P450 was isolated from a mouse brain library. Sequence analysis reveals that this 1,958-base pair cDNA encodes a 57-58-kDa 502-amino acid polypeptide that is 70-91% identical to CYP2J subfamily P450s and is designated CYP2J9. Recombinant CYP2J9 was co-expressed with NADPH-cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (CYPOR) in Sf9 cells using a baculovirus system. Microsomes of CYP2J9/CYPOR-transfected cells metabolize arachidonic acid to 19-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) thus CYP2J9 is enzymologically distinct from other P450s. Northern analysis reveals that CYP2J9 transcripts are present at high levels in mouse brain. Mouse brain microsomes biosynthesize 19-HETE. RNA polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrates that CYP2J9 mRNAs are widely distributed in brain and most abundant in the cerebellum. Immunoblotting using an antibody raised against human CYP2J2 that cross-reacts with CYP2J9 detects a 56-kDa protein band that is expressed in cerebellum and other brain segments and is regulated during postnatal development. In situ hybridization of mouse brain sections with a CYP2J9-specific riboprobe and immunohistochemical staining with the anti-human CYP2J2 IgG reveals abundant CYP2J9 mRNA and protein in cerebellar Purkinje cells. Importantly, 19-HETE inhibits the activity of recombinant P/Q-type Ca(2+) channels that are known to be expressed preferentially in cerebellar Purkinje cells and are involved in triggering neurotransmitter release. Based on these data, we conclude that CYP2J9 is a developmentally regulated P450 that is abundant in brain, localized to cerebellar Purkinje cells, and active in the biosynthesis of 19-HETE, an eicosanoid that inhibits activity of P/Q-type Ca(2+) channels. We postulate that CYP2J9 arachidonic acid products play important functional roles in the brain.
Continuous haemofiltration in the intensive care unit. (2000)

Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) was first described in 1977 for the treatment of diuretic-unresponsive fluid overload in the intensive care unit (ICU). Since that time this treatment has undergone a remarkable technical and conceptual evolution. It is now available in most tertiary ICUs around the world and has almost completely replaced intermittent haemodialysis (IHD) in some countries. Specially made machines are now available, and venovenous therapies that use blood pumps have replaced simpler techniques. Although, it remains controversial whether CRRT decreases mortality when compared with IHD, much evidence suggests that it is physiologically superior. The use of CRRT has also spurred renewed interest in the broader concept of blood purification, particularly in septic states. Experimental evidence suggests that this is a promising approach to the management of septic shock in critically ill patients. The evolution and use of CRRT is likely to continue and grow over the next decade.