gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Conjugation of an Anti-B-cell Lymphoma Monoclonal Antibody, LL2, to Long-circulating Drug-carrier Lipid Emulsions (1999)

Long-circulating submicron lipid emulsions, stabilized with poly(ethylene glycol)-modified phosphatidylethanolamine (PEG-PE), are promising drug carriers with substantial capacity for solubilization of lipophilic anticancer agents. This study describes the conjugation of the anti-B-cell lymphoma monoclonal antibody LL2 to the surface of lipid-emulsion globules by use of a novel poly(ethylene glycol)-based heterobifunctional coupling agent. The efficiency of coupling of LL2 to the lipid emulsion was 85% (approx.) and essentially independent of the LL2/emulsion particle ratio and amount of surface-bound PEG-PE. Results from sucrose-gradient centrifugation and Sepharose CL-4B gel filtration indicated stable binding of the antibody to the emulsion. The immunoreactivity of the emulsion-LL2 conjugates was tested with alkaline phosphatase-conjugated LL2 against a monoclonal anti-idiotype antibody, WN. The binding of the conjugates to WN increased with increasing surface density of LL2 up to 40 monoclonal antibodies/emulsion particle, and exceeded that for the free monoclonal antibody (approx. 20 molecules/particle). Results from competitive-binding ELISA were indicative of similar displacement curves for free LL2 and emulsion-LL2 conjugates. Direct cellular ELISA revealed similar binding of emulsion-LL2 complexes to three types of Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines, Raji, Ramos and Daudi. The results from this study indicate that emulsion-LL2 complexes might be a useful drug-carrier system for more specific delivery of anticancer drugs to B-cell malignancy.
Direct measurement and analysis of the carrier-envelope phase in light pulses approaching the single-cycle regime (2004)

We demonstrate a solid-state device capable of providing direct information about the carrier-envelope (CE) phase of ultrashort (4 fs) laser pulses. The measurement is based on multi-photon-induced photoelectron emission from a gold surface. The amount of the charge emitted from the surface gives a clear indication of phase sensitivity, as predicted by our simulations and also by a simple intuitive model. This phenomenon was used to determine the CE phase value of each laser pulse in a mode-locked, unamplified, low-energy pulse train. The inability of the commonly used f-to-2f interferometric method to measure accurately extracavity drifts of the CE phase is discussed and contrasted with the direct phase measurement method proposed here. The evolution of the CE phase upon propagation of pulses comparable in duration to the optical cycle is analysed.
EFFECT OF VIBRATION DATA PREPROCESSING FOR FLUTTER MARGIN PREDICTION (2017)

Although airplane's model certification must be proved by showing enough damping margin at every flight condition, the damping is not a reliable index to conduct flight tests safely, i.e. it might change drastically against the flight condition. Flight tests should stand on much more reliable index rather than damping. In this study, the Discrete Flutter Margin is used. Whichever index is used during the flight test, the accuracy of index might be influenced by the original vibration data of structures. For this purpose, two methods are taken in this study: the Random Decrement (RDD) method and the Natural Excitation Technique (NExT), each of which can effectively reduce the structural response caused by a random noise. By applying each of the RDD and the NExT processing methods to the original data, the resultant signal becomes the structural quasi-step or quasi-impulse responses. For the method to identify the system model from step and impulse responses, the Eigen-system Realization Algorithm (ERA) suits well. In this study, two sets of system identification procedures are applied to the wind tunnel experimental data: one is the combination of the RDD and the ERA, and another is the combination of the NExT and the ERA. The wind tunnel model is the half-spanned wing model of Super Sonic Transport (SST) Airplane. The test data are acquired in the JAXA's 0.6m×0.6m Transonic Flutter Wind Tunnel. The resultant Discrete Flutter Margin values acquired from both sets of procedures are compared.
Multiple Fisheye Camera Calibration and Stereo Measurement Methods for Uniform Distance Errors throughout Imaging Ranges (2021)

This paper proposes calibration and stereo measurement methods that enable accurate distance and uniform distribution of the distance error throughout imaging ranges. In stereo measurement using two fisheye cameras, the distance error varies greatly depending on the measurement direction. To reduce the distance error, the proposed method introduces an effectual baseline weight into the stereo measurement using three or more fisheye cameras and their calibration. Accurate distance is obtained because this effectual baseline weight is the optimum weight in the maximum likelihood estimation. Experimental results show that the proposed methods can obtain an accurate distance with a 94% reduction in error and make the distribution of the distance error uniform.
Application of protein set enrichment analysis to correlation of protein functional sets with mass spectral features and multivariate proteomic tests (2019)

Mass spectral data from multiple samples are suitable for a hypothesis-free development of clinically useful multivariate tests using modern machine learning techniques. However, the transition from discovery to adoption of proteomic tests has proved challenging. Slow adoption of these tests in clinical practice is, in part, related to insufficient understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying multivariate tests developed based on correlative studies. While identification of individual proteins may provide important insights, elucidation of concerted relationships of sets of proteins with biological pathways can better reflect complex phenomena, such as cancerogenesis and response to treatment. Protein set enrichment analysis (PSEA) allows identification of associations of mass spectral features or test classifications with biological function by looking for consistent correlations across a group of proteins. We evaluated the utility of PSEA for exploring the biological information content of mass spectra, using a sample set with mass spectral data and matched protein expression information. This made it possible to detect significant biological associations with mass spectral peaks without identifying their protein constituents. We demonstrated that the method produces reproducible associations and can be used for elucidation of the mechanisms of action associated with two previously developed multivariate mass spectrometry-based tests. Significant correlations with several host immune response-related processes were found on the level of individual mass spectral features and with test classifications. The results illustrate the utility of the PSEA approach applied to mass spectral data as a method for elucidating biological mechanisms underlying phenotypes related to different physiological states of the organism.
Design of Synchronous Reluctance Motor Utilizing Dual-Phase Material for Traction Applications (2017)

While interior permanent magnet (IPM) machines have been considered the state-of-the art for traction motors, synchronous reluctance (SynRel) motors with advanced materials can provide a competitive alternative. IPM machines typically utilize neodymium iron boron permanent magnets, which pose an issue in terms of price, sustainability, demagnetization at higher operating temperatures, and uncontrolled generation. On the other hand, SynRel machines do not contain any magnets and are free from these issues. However, the absence of magnets as well the presence of bridges and center post limit the flux-weakening capability of a SynRel machine and limit the achievable constant power speed ratio for a given power converter rating. In this paper, a new material referred to as the dual-phase magnetic material will be evaluated for SynRel designs. This material allows for nonmagnetic regions to be selectively introduced in the bridge and post regions, thereby eliminating one of the key limitations of the SynRel designs in terms of torque density and flux weakening. This paper will focus on advanced SynRel designs utilizing dual-phase material targeting traction applications. The paper will provide a detailed comparison between a dual-phase SynRel design, a conventional SynRel design, and a spoke PM design with rare-earth-free magnets. It will highlight the key tradeoffs in terms of power density, efficiency, and flux-weakening capability.
Data base system objectives as design constraints (1974)

A data base system should have built-in capabilities to meet the objectives of data independence, relatability, compatibility, structural adaptability, integrity, recoverability, and security. These requirements are major constraints on data base design and will be discussed in turn. Since data integrity, recoverability, and security are receiving attention elsewhere, e,g, [BR71] [D71] [T71], this paper will confine its treatment of those three objectives to an introduction of their major design-related issues.
Development of a novel neodymium compound for in vivo fluorescence imaging (2007)

We developed a novel fluorescent probe that contains the neodymium(III) complex moiety and fluorescein moiety. This probe can emit long-lived near-infrared luminescence derived from a Nd ion through excitation of the fluorescein moiety with visible light (lambda(ex) = 488 nm, lambda(em) = 880 nm, lifetime = 2.3 micros). These results indicate the possibility of the probe as a candidate for in vivo fluorescence molecular imaging.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: prime time for a precision-based approach to treatment withN-acetylcysteine (2021)

Oxidative stress, the total sum of molecular and cellular processes that result from excess oxidant production and antioxidant depletion, has long been implicated in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) [1, 2]. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with IPF exhibits enhanced oxidative activity, and high levels of the oxidants hydrogen peroxide, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals induce injury to alveolar epithelial cells [3]. At the same time, glutathione levels are depleted in the lower respiratory tract of IPF patients compared to healthy subjects and correlate with disease severity [4, 5]. Excess production of reactive oxygen species in IPF occurs in activated inflammatory and alveolar epithelial cells through induction of NADPH oxidase, endoplasmic reticulum stress and uncoupling of the mitochondrial electron transport chain [2]. Exogenous oxidants from cigarette smoke, occupational exposure, air pollution and others further augment the oxidant burden in the lungs of people genetically predisposed to IPF [1]. Increased oxidative stress leads to DNA damage, alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis, release of pro-fibrotic cytokines and activation of matrix metalloproteinases, promoting myofibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix remodelling (figure 1). Transforming growth factor β inhibits glutathione synthesis in a positive feedback loop, leading to ongoing cellular damage. Prime time for a precision-based approach for treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with an antioxidant, N -acetylcysteine <https://bit.ly/30gl9vG> The authors would like to thank Fernando J. Martinez, Gregory Cosgrove and Kevin Flaherty for their input.
Evaluation of Side Effects using the BARS, SAS and AIMS in Pediatric Psychopharmacologic Studies (2010)

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ChemInform Abstract: (Phenylsulfonyl)allenes as Substrates for Cycloaddition Reactions: Intramolecular Cyclizations onto Unactivated Alkenes. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The metabolic syndrome as a predictor of incident diabetes mellitus in Mauritius (2007)

Of the MetS definitions tested, the WHO definition best identifies those who go on to develop diabetes, but is not often used in clinical practice. If cut-points or measures of obesity appropriate for this population were used, the IDF and ATPIII MetS definitions could be recommended as useful tools for prediction of diabetes, given their relative simplicity.
Elektrostatisches Zerstäuben von Flüssigkeiten (1997)

Abstract The electrostatic spraying of liquids is based on electrostatic forces that result from an electrical field and are capable to overcome the capillary forces. In contrast to gravitational and centrifugal fields the value as well as the direction of electrostatic fields depend not only on the setup geometry but additionally on the shape of the liquid surface. This results in a complex interaction between geometries, material properties, and mass and charge currents with respect to the formation of droplets. A capillary tip facing a wide flat counterelectrode has to be considered as the basic geometry. The electrical field needed for droplet production is maintained by a high voltage supply. One has to distinguish between droplet production solely by charge induction and droplet formation influenced by a corona discharge together with an electric wind. Characteristic time constants serve to differentiate between the different spraying modes.
Resurgence of Bispecific Antibodies (2013)

This chapter contains sections titled: A Brief History of Bispecific Antibodies Asymmetric IgG-Like Bispecific Antibodies Symmetric IgG-Like Bispecific Antibodies IgG-Like Bispecific Antibodies with Fused Antibody Fragments Bispecific Constructs Based on the Fcg Fragment Bispecific Constructs Based on Fab Fragments Bispecific Constructs Based on Diabodies or Single-Chain Antibodies Bifunctional Fusions of Antibodies or Fragments with Other Proteins Bispecific Antibodies for Various Functions: How to Select the Right Format? References
Gas-filled microbubbles—Contrast agents for targeted molecular imaging (2006)

Microbubble contrast agents suitable for targeted molecular imaging have been described. Commonly used agents are gas-filled micron-size bubbles. Targeting ligands (antibodies, peptides, or proteoglycans) are coupled to the contrast particles and ensure firm attachment of microbubbles to intravascular regions of interest. Targeting is directed to selectins or integrins upregulated on vascular endothelium in the areas of pathology (inflammation, ischemia-reperfusion injury, or angiogenesis). Real-time imaging has been performed in animal models with sub-millimeter spatial resolution. Detection sensitivity for targeted microbubble contrast is superb: single bubbles (pg mass) can be visualized by ultrasound. Successful retention of microbubbles on the target is dependent on the target receptor surface density as well as targeting ligand surface density on the bubbles. To improve targeting efficacy, microbubbles can be outfitted with fast-binding ligands (such as P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 analogs) in addition to slow but firmly binding ligands (such as antibodies). Ultrasound irradiation also improves efficacy of targeting, especially in high shear conditions. In addition to imaging, microbubbles can be applied for drug and gene delivery purposes: interaction of ultrasound and bubbles can be used for in situ targeted deposition, activation and release of pharmaceutical agents [Disclosures: ALK, JJR, and KFL: Targeson stock ownership. ALK: Philips Research grant.]
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Deployment: Interactions Between Native Leaflets and Coronary Ostia (2009)

During the delivery of a transcatheter aortic valve, the native leaflets are pressed toward the vessel wall when the stented valve is deployed, but the proximity of the native leaflets to the coronary ostia following deployment is not fully understood. Fluoroscopic (F) and endoscopic (E) video footage was gathered from isolated human hearts (n=3). Balloon valvuloplasty (BAV) was performed with a non-compliant balloon, followed by contrast injection into the coronary ostia. Images (F) captured the perpendicular distance from the balloon to the ostia (ostium depth). A nitinol stent was delivered to the aortic position trans-apically. Images (E) measured the distance between the native aortic leaflet and the lowest point of the coronary ostium (ostium height). Additionally, cadaveric hearts (n=23) underwent extensive anatomical analyses using a 3D digitizing arm in addition to the described procedures. BAV in perfusion fixed hearts gave left and right ostium depths of 5.28±1.49 and 5.34±1.85. Images (E) from the perfusion fixed human hearts showed left and right ostium heights of 3.2±2.9 mm and 4.3±2.4, respectively. 2 of the 23 perfusion fixed human hearts studied had negative ostia heights, but the effect on coronary flow is not known.
Improving our mechanistic understanding of the indirect effects of CMV infection in transplant recipients (2019)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an immunomodulatory virus that indirectly increases the risk for bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. However, the pathogenesis of this phenomenon is poorly understood. We determined whether inflammatory responses to different Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands are blunted during CMV infection in solid-organ transplant (SOT) patients. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 38 SOT patients with and without CMV were incubated in the presence of various viral, fungal, and bacterial TLR ligands. Cytokines were measured in the supernatant by multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Patients had blunted cytokine responses to bacterial, fungal, and viral ligands during CMV infection when compared to the absence of CMV infection. This was independent of viral load, clinical presentation of CMV infection or immunosuppression, supporting the clinical observation in SOT recipients that CMV infection increases susceptibility to bacterial, fungal, and other viral infections. Moreover, in the absence of CMV infection, patients with subsequent CMV infection had lower cytokines in response to TLR ligands compared to those without subsequent CMV infection, suggesting that inherent differences in patients not directly related to CMV also contribute to this increased susceptibility. In summary, these data provide novel ex vivo evidence to support indirect effects of CMV.
Subatomic Features in Atomic Force Microscopy Images (2001)

Recently, Giessibl et al. (1) reported a distinct substructure in atomic force microscopy (AFM) images of individual adatoms on the Si(111)-(7×7) surface. A cross section along the fast scanning direction showed two peaks per adatom, which were interpreted as images of two unsaturated dangling bonds at the apex of the silicon tip interacting with the dangling bond of the adatom.
ChemInform Abstract: THE 6‐THIOAMIDES AND 6‐THIONCARBAMATES OF PENICILLIN SULFOXIDES (1976)

Abstract Aus den Penicillin‐sulfoxiden (I) erhält man mit Phosphorpentachlorid die Imidoylchloride (II), die mit Schwefelwasserstoff die Thioamide (III) geben.
The Perceptual Consequences of Curved Screens (2017)

Flat panels are by far the most common type of television screen. There are reasons, however, to believe that curved screens create a greater sense of immersion, reduce distracting reflections, and minimize some perceptual distortions that are commonplace with large televisions. To examine these possibilities, we calculated how curving the screen affects the field of view and the probability of seeing reflections of ambient lights. We find that screen curvature has a small beneficial effect on field of view and a large beneficial effect on the probability of seeing reflections. We also collected behavioral data to characterize perceptual distortions in various viewing configurations. We find that curved screens can in fact reduce problematic perceptual distortions on large screens, but that the benefit depends on the geometry of the projection on such screens.
Synthesis and Characterization of Photo-Cross-Linked Polymers Based on Poly(l-lactic acid-co-l-aspartic acid) (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTSynthesis and Characterization of Photo-Cross-Linked Polymers Based on Poly(l-lactic acid-co-l-aspartic acid)Jennifer Elisseeff, Kristi Anseth, Robert Langer, and Jeffrey S. HrkachView Author Information Harvard−MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, Department of Chemical Engineering, E25-342, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309Cite this: Macromolecules 1997, 30, 7, 2182–2184Publication Date (Web):April 7, 1997Publication History Received23 September 1996Revised9 January 1997Published online7 April 1997Published inissue 1 April 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma961411whttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma961411wbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1029Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Absorption,Organic compounds,Peptides and proteins,Polymers,Stress Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Conjugate Reduction of α,β‐Unsaturated Esters and Lactones Under Mild Conditions. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Posterior fracture dislocation of shoulder with anatomical neck fracture (2018)

Posterior fracture dislocation of anatomical neck of humerus is a rare injury and possesses challenges in management due to the scarcity of literature and absence of any recommended guidelines for such injuries. Treatment options available are internal fixation and hemiarthroplasty depending on injury pattern, duration of injury, bone stock available for secure fixation, and vascularity of the head fragment. We present a case report of posterior fracture dislocation of anatomical neck humerus in a 35-year-old male patient treated by open reduction and internal fixation by deltopectoral approach. This case report is unique as the fixation method (Herbert screws) used in this case resulted in a good functional outcome and has not been described previously in literature for this injury pattern.