gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Promotion of Ovarian Follicle Growth following mTOR Activation: Synergistic Effects of AKT Stimulators (2015)

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase and mTOR signaling is important in regulating cell growth and proliferation. Recent studies using oocyte- and granulosa cell-specific deletion of mTOR inhibitor genes TSC1 or TSC2 demonstrated the important role of mTOR signaling in the promotion of ovarian follicle development. We now report that treatment of ovaries from juvenile mice with an mTOR activator MHY1485 stimulated mTOR, S6K1 and rpS6 phosphorylation. Culturing ovaries for 4 days with MHY1485 increased ovarian explant weights and follicle development. In vivo studies further demonstrated that pre-incubation of these ovaries with MHY1485 for 2 days, followed by allo-grafting into kidney capsules of adult ovariectomized hosts for 5 days, led to marked increases in graft weights and promotion of follicle development. Mature oocytes derived from MHY1485-activated ovarian grafts could be successfully fertilized, leading the delivery of healthy pups. We further treated ovaries with the mTOR activator together with AKT activators (PTEN inhibitor and phosphoinositol-3-kinase stimulator) before grafting and found additive enhancement of follicle growth. Our studies demonstrate the ability of an mTOR activator in promoting follicle growth, leading to a potential strategy to stimulate preantral follicle growth in infertile patients.
An MR compatible frequency domain fluorescence molecular imaging system: design and phantom studies (2011)

In this study, a hybrid MR-frequency domain fluorescence tomography (FT) is developed. The phantom studies show that the anatomical images from MRI improve reconstruction of both fluorescence concentration and lifetime parameters significantly.
The Second Extracellular Loop of CXCR4 Determines Its Function as a Receptor for Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (1998)

The feline homolog of the alpha-chemokine receptor CXCR4 has recently been shown to support cell-cell fusion mediated by CXCR4-dependent strains of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and strains of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) that have been selected for growth in the Crandell feline kidney (CrFK) cell line. In this report we demonstrate that expression of CXCR4 alone is sufficient to render cells from diverse species permissive for fusion with FIV-infected cells, suggesting that CXCR4 is the sole receptor for CrFK-tropic strains of FIV, analogous to CD4-independent strains of HIV-2. To identify the regions of CXCR4 involved in fusion mediated by FIV, we screened panels of chimeric CXCR4 molecules for the ability to support fusion with FIV-infected cells. Human CXCR4 supported fusion more efficiently than feline CXCR4 and feline/human CXCR4 chimeras, suggesting that the second and third extracellular loops of human CXCR4 contain a critical determinant for receptor function. Rat/human CXCR4 chimeras suggested that the second extracellular loop contained the principal determinant for receptor function; however, chimeras constructed between human CXCR2 and CXCR4 revealed that the first and third loops of CXCR4 contribute to the FIV Env binding site, as replacement of these domains with the corresponding domains of CXCR2 rendered the molecule nonfunctional in fusion assays. Mutation of the DRY motif and the C-terminal cytoplasmic tail of CXCR4 did not affect the ability of the molecule to support fusion, suggesting that neither signalling via G proteins nor receptor internalization was required for fusion mediated by FIV; similarly, truncation of the N terminus of CXCR4 did not affect the function of the molecule as a receptor for FIV. CXCR4-transfected feline cells were rendered permissive for infection with both the CrFK-tropic PET isolate of FIV and the CXCR4-dependent RF strain of HIV-1, and susceptibility to infection correlated well with ability to support fusion. The data suggest that the second extracellular loop of CXCR4 is the major determinant of CXCR4 usage by FIV.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Pathological Characteristics of Resected Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (2016)

The observed pathological differences between OSA-associated and non-OSA-associated pancreatic cancers supports the hypothesis that OSA can influence the pathologic features of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Übergangsmetall‐substituierte VB‐Elementsysteme, VI. Bis(VIA‐metall)methylstibine als monofunktionelle Ligandsysteme in Übergangsmetallkomplexen (1975)

Abstract Die photochemische bzw. thermische Umsetzung der Metallcarbonyle M(CO) 6 (MCr, Mo, W), π‐C 5 H 5 Mn(CO) 3 und Fe 2 (CO) 9 mit den dimetallierten Stibinen CH 3 Sb‐[M′(CO) 3 π‐C 5 H 5 ] 2 (M′Cr, Mo, W) liefert unter Eliminierung von CO bzw. Fe(CO) 5 die neutralen, einfach antimonverbrückten Dreikernkomplexe (CO) 5 MSb(CH 3 )[M′L 4 ] 2 , π‐C 5 H 5 (CO) 2 MnSb(CH 3 )[M′L 4 ]) 2 und (CO) 4 FeSb(CH 3 )[M′L 4 ] 2 , Die neuen Verbindungen werden spektroskopisch charakterisiert.
Mechanical properties of fibers made from single-walled carbon nanotube reinforced thermoplastic polymer composites (2005)

Single-walled carbon nanotubes are high strength materials with nano-sized dimensions, which make them attractive as reinforcing materials for polymer matrices. Their nano-sized dimensions however make them difficult to manipulate for macroscopic applications. This thesis focuses on manufacturing and studying nanotube continuous fibers as a means of manipulating these stronger reinforcing materials in thermoplastic polymer matrices to increase the mechanical properties of the composite generated. The thermoplastic polymers used in this thesis are polypropylene and nylon 6,6. This thesis demonstrates the effects of alignment, new chemical functionalizations and increasing weight percentages of the single-walled carbon nanotubes in the nanotube continuous fiber systems. The functionalizations studies include the use of fluorinated single-walled nanotubes, and an attempt to use benzoyl peroxide to initiate covalent bonding of single-walled nanotubes to the polymer in the processing stage of the polypropylene composite systems. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Change in left inferior frontal connectivity with less unexpected harmonic cadence by musical expertise (2019)

In terms of harmonic expectancy, compared to an expected dominant-to-tonic and an unexpected dominant-to-supertonic, a dominant-to-submediant is a less unexpected cadence, the perception of which may depend on the subject's musical expertise. The present study investigated how aforementioned 3 different cadences are processed in the networks of bilateral inferior frontal gyri (IFGs) and superior temporal gyri (STGs) with magnetoencephalography. We compared the correct rate and brain connectivity in 9 music-majors (mean age, 23.5 ± 3.4 years; musical training period, 18.7 ± 4.0 years) and 10 non-music-majors (mean age, 25.2 ± 2.6 years; musical training period, 4.2 ± 1.5 years). For the brain connectivity, we computed the summation of partial directed coherence (PDC) values for inflows/outflows to/from each area (sPDCi/sPDCo) in bilateral IFGs and STGs. In the behavioral responses, music-majors were better than non-music-majors for all 3 cadences (p < 0.05). However, sPDCi/sPDCo was prominent only for the dominant-to-submediant in the left IFG. The sPDCi was more strongly enhanced in music-majors than in non-music-majors (p = 0.002, Bonferroni corrected), while the sPDCo was vice versa (p = 0.005, Bonferroni corrected). Our data show that music-majors, with higher musical expertise, are better in identifying a less unexpected cadence than non-music-majors, with connectivity changes centered on the left IFG.
Morphine Enhances HIV-1SF162-Mediated Neuron Death and Delays Recovery of Injured Neurites (2014)

HIV-1 enters the CNS soon after initial systemic infection; within the CNS parenchyma infected and/or activated perivascular macrophages, microglia and astrocytes release viral and cellular toxins that drive secondary toxicity in neurons and other cell types. Our previous work has largely modeled HIV-neuropathology using the individual viral proteins Tat or gp120, with murine striatal neurons as targets. To model disease processes more closely, the current study uses supernatant from HIV-1-infected cells. Supernatant from HIV-1SF162-infected differentiated-U937 cells (HIV+sup) was collected and p24 level was measured by ELISA to assess the infection. Injection drug abuse is a significant risk factor for HIV-infection, and opiate drug abusers show increased HIV-neuropathology, even with anti-retroviral treatments. We therefore assessed HIV+sup effects on neuronal survival and neurite growth/pruning with or without concurrent exposure to morphine, an opiate that preferentially acts through µ-opioid receptors. Effects of HIV+sup ± morphine were assessed on neuronal populations, and also by time-lapse imaging of individual cells. HIV+sup caused dose-dependent toxicity over a range of p24 levels (10-500 pg/ml). Significant interactions occurred with morphine at lower p24 levels (10 and 25 pg/ml), and GSK3β was implicated as a point of convergence. In the presence of glia, selective neurotoxic measures were significantly enhanced and interactions with morphine were also augmented, perhaps related to a decreased level of BDNF. Importantly, the arrest of neurite growth that occurred with exposure to HIV+sup was reversible unless neurons were continuously exposed to morphine. Thus, while reducing HIV-infection levels may be protective, ongoing exposure to opiates may limit recovery. Opiate interactions observed in this HIV-infective environment were similar, though not entirely concordant, with Tat/gp120 interactions reported previously, suggesting unique interactions with virions or other viral or cellular proteins released by infected and/or activated cells.
Online visualization of geospatial stream data using the worldwide telescope (2011)

This demo presents the ongoing effort to meld the stream query processing capabilities of Microsoft StreamInsight with the visualization capabilities of the WorldWide Telescope. This effort provides visualization opportunities to manage, analyze, and process real-time information that is of spatio-temporal nature. The demo scenario is based on detecting, tracking and predicting interesting patterns over historical logs and real-time feeds of earthquake data.
Object detection and classification using matched filtering and higher-order statistics (2003)

Summary form only given. If a known object is corrupted by additive white Gaussian noise, then the matched filter maximizes the output signal-to-noise ratio. The main drawback of the matched filter in two dimensions is its sensitivity to object shifts, rotation,, and scaling, especially in the presence of additive colored Gaussian noise of unknown covariance. These problems have been overcome by using higher-order statistics (HOS). The zero lag of the triple correlation of the matched filter output has been computed and compared with zero. Since the triple correlation of a Gaussian process is zero, it has been shown that this statistic will peak if the object is present. A detection algorithm that exploits all the output samples of a single matched filter has been developed. Rotation and scaling invariance have been incorporated by transforming the Cartesian coordinates of the image and the templates into log-polar coordinates.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Vaccination of Horses Against Trichophytosis (1991)

Prophylactic'potency of the vaccine a~hu~ equin,e n:ich~Yt~is'~uf~e4 by,,.
Attentive display (2004)

In this paper we present ECS Display, a large plasma screen that tracks the user's point of gaze from a distance, without any calibration. We discuss how we applied ECS Display in the design of Attentive Art. Artworks displayed on the ECS Display respond directly to user interest by visually highlighting areas of the artwork that receive attention, and by darkening areas that receive little interest. This results in an increasingly abstract artwork that provides guidance to subsequent viewers. We believe such attentive information visualization may be applied more generally to large screen display interactions. The filtering of information on the basis of user interest allows cognitive load associated with large display visualizations to be managed dynamically.
Validity of Automated Choroidal Segmentation in SS-OCT and SD-OCT (2015)

We have developed a fully automated 3D method for segmenting the choroid and quantifying choroidal thickness along each A-scan. The method yielded high validity. Our method can be used reliably to study local choroidal changes and may improve the diagnosis and management of patients with ocular diseases in which the choroid is affected.
ChemInform Abstract: Amino Acids and Peptides. Part 235. Antagonistic Analogues of Oxytocin with Substituted Phenylalanine of Tyrosine in Position 2. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
New Perspectives in the Treatment of Acute Renal Failure (1999)

The evolution of technology and biomaterials has permitted a parallel development of renal replacement therapies in the acute, critically ill patient. From the original description of continuous arterio-venous haemofiltration, new techniques such as continuous veno-venous haemofiltration, haemodiafiltration and high flux dialysis have been developed and clinically utilised. A parallel improvement in efficiency has been achieved with urea daily clearances as high as 50 litres or more. The use of special highly permeable dialysers has also permitted to increase the clearances of larger solutes thus leading to significant removals of chemical substances involved in the acute inflammation and sepsis. In this field, recent observations have suggested to use haemofiltration with high volumes of fluid exchange. The hardware and software of the newer continuous renal replacement therapies (CRRT) are certainly the key point in achieving these results and in safely performing such challenging techniques.
Th1/Th2 response profiles to the major allergens Cry j 1 and Cry j 2 of Japanese cedar pollen (1996)

Cry j 1 and Cry j 2 are known to be the major allergens of Japanese cedar pollen. A comparative study was carried out on the immune responses to stimulation with Cry j 1 and Cry j 2 in 24 symptomatic patients and six nonallergic subjects. In T-cell proliferation assays, mean stimulation indexes (SI) were 10.6 for Cry j 1 and 11.7 for Cry j 2 stimulation, respectively, in the allergic patients. Two of the nonallergic subjects showed strong T-cell proliferation to both allergens, while the remainder did not. All the allergic subjects (17/17) showed high titers of anti-Cry j 1 IgE antibody at a mean value of 165 U/ml, whereas only 64% responded to Cry j 2 with low titers at a mean value of 26 U/ml. Nonallergic subjects did not respond with IgE production. Allergic subjects were further examined for their cytokine production profiles. All allergic subjects tested (16/16) produced high levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in response to Cry j 1 with a mean value of 918 pg/ml, while only five subjects showed significant elevation of IFN-gamma production in response to Cry j 2 with a mean value of 679 pg/ml. The remainder produced small amounts of IFN-gamma. Cry j 1 induced higher levels of interleukin (IL)-10 gene expression than did Cry j 2 stimulation, while both allergens induced IL-4 expression at a similar level. The IL-12 p35 gene was constitutively expressed, whereas the IL-12 p40 gene expression in Cry j 1-stimulated cells was elevated eightfold over that of nonstimulated cells. Increased expression of the IL-12 p40 gene was negligible in Cry j 2-stimulated cells. Thus, Cry j 1 stimulated mixed features of Th1 and Th2-like responses, while Cry j 2 played a minor role in inducing IgE production and cytokine (IFN-gamma, IL-10, and IL-12) production, except for IL-2 production and strong T-cell proliferative activity. Therefore, it was concluded that Cry j 1 is the more important allergen, and that T-cell proliferation assays do not necessarily reflect the level of allergenicity.
Manufacturing Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for the Treatment of Graft-versus-Host Disease: A Survey among Centers Affiliated with the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (2018)

The immunosuppressive properties of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have been successfully tested to control clinical severe graft-versus host disease and improve survival. However, clinical studies have not yet provided conclusive evidence of their efficacy largely because of lack of patients' stratification criteria. The heterogeneity of MSC preparations is also a major contributing factor, as manufacturing of therapeutic MSC is performed according to different protocols among different centers. Understanding the variability of the manufacturing protocol would allow a better comparison of the results obtained in the clinical setting among different centers. In order to acquire information on MSC manufacturing we sent a questionnaire to the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation centers registered as producing MSC. Data from 17 centers were obtained and analyzed by means of a 2-phase questionnaire specifically focused on product manufacturing. Gathered information included MSC tissue sources, MSC donor matching, medium additives for ex vivo expansion, and data on MSC product specification for clinical release. The majority of centers manufactured MSC from bone marrow (88%), whilst only 2 centers produced MSC from umbilical cord blood or cord tissue. One of the major changes in the manufacturing process has been the replacement of fetal bovine serum with human platelet lysate as medium supplement. 59% of centers used only third-party MSC, whilst only 1 center manufactured exclusively autologous MSC. The large majority of these facilities (71%) administered MSC exclusively from frozen batches. Aside from variations in the culture method, we found large heterogeneity also regarding product specification, particularly in the markers used for phenotypical characterization and their threshold of expression, use of potency assays to test MSC functionality, and karyotyping. The initial data collected from this survey highlight the variability in MSC manufacturing as clinical products and the need for harmonization. Until more informative potency assays become available, a more homogeneous approach to cell production may at least reduce variability in clinical trials and improve interpretation of results.
Disposition and covalent binding of ibuprofen and its acyl glucuronide in the elderly* (1995)

Ibuprofen is an over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with a low incidence of severe adverse reactions. It is metabolized by oxidation to carboxyibuprofen and hydroxyibuprofen and by conjugation to an acyl glucuronide. In vitro studies have indicated that ibuprofen glucuronide is labile and reactive, forming covalent adducts with proteins. To verify the formation of ibuprofen-protein adducts in vivo, the pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen glucuronide and its covalent binding to plasma proteins were studied in five elderly patients who received long-term administration of oral doses of ibuprofen. Plasma levels of ibuprofen glucuronide were low relative to those of ibuprofen; the ratio of area under the plasma concentration versus time curve for the glucuronide relative to the parent drug was only 4%. Covalent binding of ibuprofen to plasma protein was observed in all patients, correlating well with the area under the plasma concentration versus time curve of ibuprofen glucuronide (r = 0.966). Compared with reports for other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that form acyl glucuronides, plasma levels of ibuprofen-protein adduct are low during long-term administration. The observed lower reactivity in vivo is probably attributable to the greater stability of ibuprofen glucuronide relative to other acyl glucuronides.
Kinetics of Viral Transcription after Induction of Prophage (1971)

Many efforts have been devoted to the study of λ transcription. Since λ does not shut off host functions, DNA-RNA hybridization has proved to be the only technique that permits discrimination between labeled phage and host RNAs. The accuracy of the information obtained by DNA-RNA hybridization depends on the extent to which the two components of the reaction are specified. The possibility of fractionating DNA, especially halves (Hershey et al., 1965) and strands (Hradecna and Szybalski, 1967) (Fig. 1), and the availability of various deletions, have made DNA-RNA hybridization a powerful tool. The RNAs synthesized by phage mutants can be isolated at various phases of phage growth, and can be shown to belong to different classes. The picture of phage development so obtained agrees well with genetic data (Sly et al., 1965; Isaacs et al., 1965; Skalka, 1966; Cohen and Hurwitz, 1968; Takeda and Yura, 1968; Tonegawa and Hayashi, 1968; Bovre and Szybalski, 1969; Kumar et al., 1969; Szybalski et al., 1969; McMacken et al., 1970; Kumar and Szybalski, 1970; Nijkamp et al., 1970; Kumar et al., 1970; Heinemann and Spiegelman, 1970; for reviews, see Dove 1968; Echols and Joyner, 1968; Radding, 1969; Calendar, 1970). Lambda RNA has been fractionated on the basis of sedimentation and electrophoretic properties (Kourilsky and Luzzati, 1967; Kourilsky et al., 1968; Gros et al., 1969; Oda et al., 1969; Kourilsky et al., 1969 and 1970a; Marcaud et al., 1971). The identified species were designated l 0 , l 1 , l 2 , l 3 , and r 1 , r 2 , r 3 , r 4 (Fig. 11).
The Gene of the Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 8 Is Frequently Mutated in Adenomas Causing Cushing's Disease (2015)

USP8 is frequently mutated in adenomas causing Cushing's disease, especially in those from female adult patients diagnosed at a younger age.
Multi-color projection display using 3 ferro-electric liquid crystal light valves with 4 million pixels. (1990)

An high resolution, eight
Development of a Spring-Loaded Impact Device to Deliver Injurious Mechanical Impacts to the Articular Cartilage Surface (2012)

A single supraphysiologic impact negatively affects cartilage integrity, cell viability, and GAG release in a dose-dependent manner. Our findings showed that 7 to 17 MPa impacts can induce cell death and catabolism without compromising the articular surface, whereas a 17 MPa impact is sufficient to induce increases in most common catabolic markers of osteoarthritic degeneration.