gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of Thermo-degradation on the Crystallization Kinetics of Isotactic Polypropylene with a β-Nucleating Agent (2012)

Isotactic polypropylene (i-PP) with a β-nucleating agent (β-NA) was degraded isothermally at 190°C for periods up to 60 min, causing a reduction in molecular weight and a buildup of carbonyl groups. The effect of the thermo-degradation on the kinetics of subsequent crystallization was investigated using a polarizing optical microscope (POM). Kinetic studies revealed that the rates of nucleation and spherulite growth were affected differently by the thermo-degradation. No difference was found in the spherulite growth rate between pristine polypropylene and somewhat degraded samples, while spherulite growth was slightly depressed in the highly degraded sample. However, the thermo-oxidation of the polypropylene caused a gradual reduction in nucleation probability. It is suggested the extra carbonyl groups are mainly concentrated in the oligomeric products of chain scission, which are then excluded during the solidification process. Consequently, the impurity-rich phase acts as a barrier and hinders the diffusion of polymer chains, led to an increase of free energy for formation of a critical nucleus. The decrease of nucleation probability leaded to lower overall crystallization rate at a fixed temperature of 130°C, but the Avrami exponent n (n = 2.5 ± 1) was independent of the thermo-degradation, which was consistent with a three-dimensional growth habit by heterogeneous nucleation.
Elucidating Pathway and Anesthetic Mechanism of Action of Clove Oil Nanoformulations in Fish (2022)

Clove oil (CO), an essential oil of <i>Syzygium aromaticum</i>, has been reported as an anesthetic for many fish species. However, its insoluble properties require a suitable delivery system for its application. In the present study, nanoformulations of CO as a nanoemulsion (CO-NE), a self-microemulsifying drug-delivery system (CO-SMEDDS), and a self-nanoemulsifying drug-delivery system (CO-SNEDDS) were prepared for delivering CO. Zebrafish were used as a fish model to investigate oil pathways. The result shows fluorescence spots of fluorescence-labeled CO accumulate on the gills, skin, and brain. All CO nanoformulations significantly increased penetration flux compared to CO ethanolic solution. Investigation of the anesthetic mechanism of action using a rat brain γ-aminobutyric acid subtype A (GABA<sub>A</sub>) receptor-binding test demonstrates that CO and its major compound, eugenol, modulate [<sup>3</sup>H]muscimol binding. CO-NE exhibited a concentration-dependent binding activity with an EC<sub>50</sub> value of 175 µg/mL, significantly higher than CO solution in dimethyl sulfoxide. In conclusion, CO enters the fish through the skin and gills. The anesthetic mechanism of action of CO is based on modulation of [<sup>3</sup>H] muscimol binding to GABA<sub>A</sub> receptors. Among three nanoformulations tested, CO-NE is the most effective at increasing permeability and enhancing the receptor-binding activity of the oil.
Variable Gauge Length Processing: DAS VSP Examples (2020)

Summary In this paper, we aim to discuss a new solution based on processing the Distributed Acoustic Sensing data with a Gauge Length that varies along the well depth enabling a local optimization for all the point receivers, and maximizing the SNR while preserving the signal integrity. We also show examples of such novel processing applied to two recent DAS Vertical Seismic Profiling surveys.
Identification of Multilinear Systems: A Brief Overview (2022)

Nonlinear systems have been studied for a long time and have applications in numerous research fields. However, there is currently no global solution for nonlinear system identification, and different used approaches depend on the type of nonlinearity. An interesting class of nonlinear systems, with a wide range of popular applications, is represented by multilinear (or multidimensional) systems. These systems exhibit a particular property that may be exploited, namely that they can be regarded as linearly separable systems and can be modeled accordingly, using tensors. Examples of well-known applications of multilinear forms are multiple-input/single-output (MISO) systems and acoustic echo cancellers, used in multi-party voice communications, such as videoconferencing. Many important fields (e.g., big data, machine learning, and source separation) can benefit from the methods employed in multidimensional system identification. In this context, this chapter aims to briefly present the recent approaches in the identification of multilinear systems. Methods relying on tensor decomposition and modeling are used to address the large parameter space of such systems.
WCDMA-the radio interface for future mobile multimedia communications (1998)

This paper presents the wide-band code-division multiple-access (WCDMA) radio interface chosen by the ETSI as the basic radio-access technology for the universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS). A detailed description of the physical layer of ETSI WCDMA is given together with an overview UMTS of the higher layers of the WCDMA radio interface. Finally, the WCDMA performance, based on results from the ETSI evaluation of UMTS radio interface candidates, is presented.
Gadolinium‐enhanced, vessel‐tracking, two‐dimensional coronary MR angiography: Single‐dose arterial‐phase vs. delayed‐phase imaging (2001)

The purposes of our study were to investigate the benefits of using a single dose of an extracellular contrast agent for coronary magnetic resonance angiography (CMRA) and to determine the relative benefits of arterial-phase vs. delayed-phase image acquisition. The right coronary artery was imaged in 10 healthy adults using a breath-hold, two-dimensional fast gradient echo pulse sequence designed for vessel tracking (multiphase, multislice image acquisition). Pre- and postcontrast CMRA was performed. Postcontrast imaging consisted of arterial- and delayed-phase CMRA following a 15 mL bolus (single dose) of contrast media and of delayed-phase imaging following a cumulative 45 mL contrast dose (triple dose). Contrast-enhanced CMRA provided a significantly higher (P < 0.001) signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) than noncontrast CMRA. CNR was highest for single-dose arterial-phase CMRA (13.1 +/- 4.5) and triple-dose delayed-phase CMRA (13.0 +/- 4.8), followed by single-dose delayed-phase CMRA (8.4 +/- 3.5) and noncontrast CMRA (4.2 +/- 1.8). Single-dose arterial-phase CMRA provided the best visualization of the distal right coronary artery and was preferred for blinded physician assessments. We concluded that utilization of a single dose of extracellular contrast media improves CMRA, especially if timed for arterial-phase imaging. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2001;13:682-689.
Fiber-based photonic feed-forward with 99% fidelity (2020)

Both photonic quantum computation and the establishment of a quantum internet require fiber-based measurement and feed-forward in order to be compatible with existing infrastructure. Here we present an all-fiber scheme for measurement and feed-forward, whose performance is benchmarked by carrying out remote preparation of single-photon polarization states at telecom-wavelengths. The result of a projective measurement on one photon deterministically controls the path a second photon takes with ultrafast optical switches. By placing well-calibrated passive polarization optics in the paths, we achieve a measurement and feed-forward fidelity of (99.0$\pm$ 0.5)%. Our methods are useful for photonic quantum experiments including computing, communication, and teleportation.
Chemical Structure and Concentration of Intratumor Catabolites Determine Efficacy of Antibody Drug Conjugates (2016)

Despite recent technological advances in quantifying antibody drug conjugate (ADC) species, such as total antibody, conjugated antibody, conjugated drug, and payload drug in circulation, the correlation of their exposures with the efficacy of ADC outcomes in vivo remains challenging. Here, the chemical structures and concentrations of intratumor catabolites were investigated to better understand the drivers of ADC in vivo efficacy. Anti-CD22 disulfide-linked pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD-dimer) conjugates containing methyl- and cyclobutyl-substituted disulfide linkers exhibited strong efficacy in a WSU-DLCL2 xenograft mouse model, whereas an ADC derived from a cyclopropyl linker was inactive. Total ADC antibody concentrations and drug-to-antibody ratios (DAR) in circulation were similar between the cyclobutyl-containing ADC and the cyclopropyl-containing ADC; however, the former afforded the release of the PBD-dimer payload in the tumor, but the latter only generated a nonimmolating thiol-containing catabolite that did not bind to DNA. These results suggest that intratumor catabolite analysis rather than systemic pharmacokinetic analysis may be used to better explain and predict ADC in vivo efficacy. These are good examples to demonstrate that the chemical nature and concentration of intratumor catabolites depend on the linker type used for drug conjugation, and the potency of the released drug moiety ultimately determines the ADC in vivo efficacy.
An adaptive system identification method based on bispectrum (1991)

The author presents an adaptive technique for the identification of a linear system driven by white non-Gaussian noise. The system can be a non-minimum phase system. The adaptive identification technique is a least-mean-square (LMS) type algorithm. It is obtained by using the higher order correlations of the system output.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
CH*/OH* Chemiluminescence Response of an Atmospheric Premixed Flame Under Varying Operating Conditions (2010)

In this work the relationship between the ratio of the global CH* and OH* flame chemiluminescece and the global equivalence ratio of a technically premixed swirl-stabilized flame is investigated. The burner allows for a modification of the premix fuel injection pattern. The global flame chemiluminescence is monitored by a high-sensitivity light spectrometer and multiple photo-multipliers. The photo-multipliers were equipped with narrow optical band-pass filters and recorded the flame’s OH*, CH* and CO2* chemiluminescence intensity. To ensure an approximately uniform equivalence ratio distribution in the combustion zone, the spatial OH* and CH* flame chemiluminescence was recorded simultaneously with one ICCD camera using a special optical setup, which incorporated among other things one fully reflective and one semi-reflective mirror and appropriate optical filters. The flame chemiluminescence intensity was mapped for a range of equivalence ratios and air mass flows. The mapping shows that (as stated for perfectly premixed flames in the literature) the OH*, CH* and CO2* intensity of the investigated flame depends linearly on the air mass flow and exponentially on the equivalence ratio (i.e., I = km * φβ). Hence for the investigated operating conditions (i.e., quasi premix conditions) the global CH*/OH* intensity can be employed as a measure of the global equivalence ratio for the operating conditions investigated in this work. However, the contribution of broadband CO2* chemiluminescence in the wave length range of CH* chemiluminescence has to be accounted for.
Practical measurement of rain erosion and scatter from IR windows (1990)

For a given image brightness, IRST range is limited by background noise. Mid-IA radiation from the sun contributes to background noise, even when the sun is well out of the field of view, because the illuminated IRST window scatters unwanted background radiation onto the detector. The level of scatter depends strongly on window degradation due to contamination and actual window damage incurred in flight, as well as inherent flaws in the window material. This paper presents scatter data taken at .67, 3.39 and 1 0.6 microns in a laboratory setting from several damaged germanium window samples. The data is compared to scatter levels from undamaged windows of other materials. Estimates made of the corresponding reduction in lAST range indicate that this can be a serious effect. Instrumentation has been developed that allows measurement of reflective scatter from aircraft sensor windows on the flight line. These measurements are compared to those obtained in the laboratory.
CRAWDAD dataset dartmouth/campus (v. 2004-08-05) (2004)

This dataset includes measurement trace for over 450 access points and several thousand users at dartmouth college.
Diphone synthesis using unit selection. (1998)

This paper describes an experimental AT&amp;amp;T concatenative synthesis system using unit selection, for which the basic synthesis units are diphones. The synthesizer may use any of the data from a large database of utterances. Since there are in general multiple instances of each concatenative unit, the system performs dynamic unit selection. Selection among candidates is done dynamically at synthesis, in a manner that is based on and extends unit selection implemented in the CHATR synthesis system [1][4]. Selected units may be either phones or diphones, and they can be synthesized by a variety of methods, including PSOLA [5], HNM [11], and simple unit concatenation. The AT&amp;amp;T system, with CHATR unit selection, was implemented within the framework of the Festival Speech Synthesis System [2]. The voice database amounted to approximately one and one-half hours of speech and was constructed from read text taken from three sources. The first source was a portion of the 1989 Wall Street Journal m...
Re-optimization strategies to maximize traffic-carrying readiness in WDM survivable mesh networks (2005)

We propose and compare four re-optimization strategies for mesh survivable networks. We show how these strategies improve the network's ability to carry future random-arrival traffic.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Application of a Proapoptotic Peptide to Intratumorally Spreading Cancer Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 7120K, Figure S2. N-terminal fragments of Bit1 cause cell death.&lt;/p&gt;
Search for displaced muonic lepton jets from light Higgs boson decay in proton–proton collisions at s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector (2013)

A search is performed for collimated muon pairs displaced from the primary vertex produced in the decay of long-lived neutral particles in proton-proton collisions at s = 7 TeV centre-of-mass energy, with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. In a 1.9 fb -1 event sample collected during 2011, the observed data are consistent with the Standard Model background expectations. Limits on the product of the production cross section and the branching ratio of a Higgs boson decaying to hidden-sector neutral long-lived particles are derived as a function of the particles' mean lifetime.
Fusing Event-based Camera and Radar for SLAM Using Spiking Neural Networks with Continual STDP Learning (2022)

This work proposes a first-of-its-kind SLAM architecture fusing an event-based camera and a Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar for drone navigation. Each sensor is processed by a bio-inspired Spiking Neural Network (SNN) with continual Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity (STDP) learning, as observed in the brain. In contrast to most learning-based SLAM systems%, which a) require the acquisition of a representative dataset of the environment in which navigation must be performed and b) require an off-line training phase, our method does not require any offline training phase, but rather the SNN continuously learns features from the input data on the fly via STDP. At the same time, the SNN outputs are used as feature descriptors for loop closure detection and map correction. We conduct numerous experiments to benchmark our system against state-of-the-art RGB methods and we demonstrate the robustness of our DVS-Radar SLAM approach under strong lighting variations.
The use and abuse of SPEC: An ISCA panel (2003)

This material is presented to ensure timely dissemination of scholarly and technical work. Copyright and all rights therein are retained by authors or by other copyright holders. All persons copying this information are expected to adhere to the terms and constraints invoked by each author's copyright. In most cases, these works may not be reposted without the explicit permission of the copyright holder.
Type 2 diabetes after a pregnancy with gestational diabetes among first nations women in Australia: The PANDORA study (2021)

First Nations women experience a high incidence of postpartum type 2 diabetes after GDM/DIP, highlighting the need for culturally responsive policies at an individual and systems level, to prevent diabetes and its complications.
Interaction between Ionic Liquids and a Pt(111) Surface Probed by Coadsorbed CO as a Test Molecule (2021)

We used temperature-programmed infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (TP-IRAS) to study the desorption behavior of CO on Pt(111) coadsorbed with four kinds of ionic liquids (ILs), namely 1-butyl-1-methyl-pyrrolidinium-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([C<sub>4</sub>C<sub>1</sub>Pyr][NTf<sub>2</sub>]), 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([C<sub>2</sub>C<sub>1</sub>Im][NTf<sub>2</sub>]), 1-butyl-1-methyl-pyrrolidinium-trifluoro-methanesulfonate ([C<sub>4</sub>C<sub>1</sub>Pyr][OTf]), and 1-butyl-1-methyl-pyrrolidinium-hexafluorophosphate ([C<sub>4</sub>C<sub>1</sub>Pyr][PF<sub>6</sub>]). We found that CO desorbs earlier from a Pt(111) surface with coadsorbed ILs than without. In addition, the CO desorption temperature varies between different types of coadsorbed ILs, which follows the order: [C<sub>4</sub>C<sub>1</sub>Pyr][PF<sub>6</sub>] (365 K) > [C<sub>4</sub>C<sub>1</sub>Pyr][NTf<sub>2</sub>] (362 K) > [C<sub>2</sub>C<sub>1</sub>Im][NTf<sub>2</sub>] (352 K) > [C<sub>4</sub>C<sub>1</sub>Pyr][OTf] (348 K). We ascribe the difference in CO desorption temperature to the different interaction strength between ILs and the Pt(111) surface. A stronger IL-Pt(111) interaction leads to a lower CO desorption temperature. We suggest that TP-IRAS experiments of CO coadsorbed with ILs can be a useful method to aid the characterization of the interaction strength between ILs and metal surfaces such as Pt(111).
Inability of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Hematopoietic Derivatives to Downregulate MicroRNAs In Vivo Reveals a Block in Xenograft Hematopoietic Regeneration (2011)

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) can regenerate the entire hematopoietic system in vivo, providing the most relevant criteria to measure candidate HSCs derived from human embryonic stem cell (hESC) or induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) sources. Here we show that, unlike primitive hematopoietic cells derived from hESCs, phenotypically identical cells derived from hiPSC are more permissive to graft the bone marrow of xenotransplantation recipients. Despite establishment of bone marrow graft, hiPSC-derived cells fail to demonstrate hematopoietic differentiation in vivo. However, once removed from recipient bone marrow, hiPSC-derived grafts were capable of in vitro multilineage hematopoietic differentiation, indicating that xenograft imparts a restriction to in vivo hematopoietic progression. This failure to regenerate multilineage hematopoiesis in vivo was attributed to the inability to downregulate key microRNAs involved in hematopoiesis. Based on these analyses, our study indicates that hiPSCs provide a beneficial source of pluripotent stem cell-derived hematopoietic cells for transplantation compared with hESCs. Since use of the human-mouse xenograft models prevents detection of putative hiPSC-derived HSCs, we suggest that new preclinical models should be explored to fully evaluate cells generated from hiPSC sources.
Iterative reconstruction of rank-one matrices in noise (2017)

Abstract We consider the problem of estimating a rank-one matrix in Gaussian noise under a probabilistic model for the left and right factors of the matrix. The probabilistic model can impose constraints on the factors including sparsity and positivity that arise commonly in learning problems. We propose a family of algorithms that reduce the problem to a sequence of scalar estimation computations. These algorithms are similar to approximate message-passing techniques based on Gaussian approximations of loopy belief propagation that have been used recently in compressed sensing. Leveraging analysis methods by Bayati and Montanari, we show that the asymptotic behavior of the algorithm is described by a simple scalar equivalent model, where the distribution of the estimates at each iteration is identical to certain scalar estimates of the variables in Gaussian noise. Moreover, the effective Gaussian noise level is described by a set of state evolution equations. The proposed approach to deriving algorithms thus provides a computationally simple and general method for rank-one estimation problems with a precise analysis in certain high-dimensional settings.
Genetic optimization of fractal dipole antenna arrays for compact size and improved impedance performance over scan angle (2003)

The driving-point impedance of an array element is a function of the self-impedance of the element, the mutual impedances from other array elements, and the array excitation currents. As the beam is steered in a phased array, the driving-point impedances of the array elements vary with scan angle. This presents a challenging problem in the design of practical phased array systems, especially when considering compact array configurations. The paper introduces a novel approach to the design optimization of compact phased arrays. The new technique introduces fractal dipoles as array elements and uses a genetic algorithm to optimize the shape of each individual fractal element (for self-impedance control) as well as the spacing between these elements (for mutual impedance control) in order to obtain compact array configurations with improved driving-point impedance versus scan angle performance.
Intrusive STM imaging (2011)

An interactive scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) simulator has been designed to efficiently compute the effects of chemical and structural modifications of adsorbed species on resulting STM images. Our general approach is based on first-order perturbation theory that takes into account different tip geometries. In our intrusive STM imaging strategy, we consider small variations such as substitutions, vacancies, functionalizations, and molecular reorganizations from a reference system. First, we show that our perturbation theory approach can provide STM images that are qualitatively similar to those of a more rigorous electron scattering technique based on the Landauer-B\"uttiker formalism for the case of adsorbed tetracyanoethylene on a Cu(100) single crystal. Second, we demonstrate that the efficiency of Bardeen and Tersoff-Hamann approaches to generate STM images can be substantially improved by exploiting different algorithms to evaluate the tunnel current and to deal with large-scale eigenvalue problems. Following our general intrusive strategy, we have reduced the computing time to generate an STM image of a modified system by about an order of magnitude with respect to the reference image. The shape and position of the contrasts of the STM image evaluated in the context of intrusion are virtually identical to an image computed without intrusive features but within a considerably smaller computing time.