gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiancestry association study identifies new asthma risk loci that colocalize with immune-cell enhancer marks (2018)

We examined common variation in asthma risk by conducting a meta-analysis of worldwide asthma genome-wide association studies (23,948 asthma cases, 118,538 controls) of individuals from ethnically diverse populations. We identified five new asthma loci, found two new associations at two known asthma loci, established asthma associations at two loci previously implicated in the comorbidity of asthma plus hay fever, and confirmed nine known loci. Investigation of pleiotropy showed large overlaps in genetic variants with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. The enrichment in enhancer marks at asthma risk loci, especially in immune cells, suggested a major role of these loci in the regulation of immunologically related mechanisms.
Immune Escape Mutations Detected Within HIV-1 Epitopes Associated With Viral Control During Treatment Interruption (2009)

We analyzed immune responses in chronically HIV-infected individuals who took part in a treatment interruption (TI) trial designed for patients who initiated antiretroviral therapy within 6 months of seroconversion. In the 2 subjects who exhibited the best viral control, we detected CD8(+) T-cell responses against 1-2 Gag epitopes during the early weeks of TI and a subsequent increase in the number of epitopes recognized by the later time points. Each of these subjects developed mutations within the epitopes targeted by the highest magnitude responses. In the subject with the worst viral control, we detected responses against 2 Gag epitopes throughout the entire TI and no Gag mutations. The magnitude of these responses increased dramatically with time, greatly exceeding those detected in the virologic controllers. The highest levels of contemporaneous autologous neutralizing antibody activity were detected in the virologic controllers, and a subsequent escape mutation developed within the envelope gene of one controller that abrogated the response. These data suggest that immune escape mutations are a sign of viral control during TI, and that the absence of immune escape mutations in the presence of high levels of viral replication indicates the lack of an effective host immune response.
Single-phase unity power-factor inductive power transfer system (2008)

An inductive power transfer (IPT) system driven from a single phase utility is shown to be suitable for low power situations applicable to home and office and other small scale applications. The complete system is low cost yet highly efficient and in a novel development achieves essentially unity power factor at the input by modulation of the power controller in the pick-ups, while still achieving constant output voltage. The complete system is straightforward to use, has simple but effective protection strategies, and is easily adapted to other applications.
Statistics for matching (2002)

A statistical approach for evaluating the stochastic mismatching between two identically designed elements on the same chip is discussed. An approach to determine accurate matching parameters for a specific pair of devices and to obtain realistic worst case parameters for the area dependency model is presented. The approach is demonstrated by applying it to measured transistor threshold voltage mismatching data for a 0.7 /spl mu/m CMOS technology.
Structure-conserving spontaneous transformations between nanoparticles (2016)

Ambient, structure- and topology-preserving chemical reactions between two archetypal nanoparticles, Ag<sub>25</sub>(SR)<sub>18</sub> and Au<sub>25</sub>(SR)<sub>18</sub>, are presented. Despite their geometric robustness and electronic stability, reactions between them in solution produce alloys, Ag<sub>m</sub>Au<sub>n</sub>(SR)<sub>18</sub> (m+n=25), keeping their M<sub>25</sub>(SR)<sub>18</sub> composition, structure and topology intact. We demonstrate that a mixture of Ag<sub>25</sub>(SR)<sub>18</sub> and Au<sub>25</sub>(SR)<sub>18</sub> can be transformed to any arbitrary alloy composition, Ag<sub>m</sub>Au<sub>n</sub>(SR)<sub>18</sub> (n=1-24), merely by controlling the reactant compositions. We capture one of the earliest events of the process, namely the formation of the dianionic adduct, (Ag<sub>25</sub>Au<sub>25</sub>(SR)<sub>36</sub>)<sup>2-</sup>, by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Molecular docking simulations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations also suggest that metal atom exchanges occur through the formation of an adduct between the two clusters. DFT calculations further confirm that metal atom exchanges are thermodynamically feasible. Such isomorphous transformations between nanoparticles imply that microscopic pieces of matter can be transformed completely to chemically different entities, preserving their structures, at least in the nanometric regime.
Instant service choreographies for reconfigurable manufacturing systems - a demonstrator (2016)

The modularization and reuse of source code controlling traditional manufacturing systems is hindered by a tight coupling of these systems with their environment. Increasing uncertainty about production volume and demand fluctuations mandate new approaches, such as reconfigurable manufacturing systems, to address these issues. One key component for adaptable manufacturing systems is software reconfiguration. This paper shows how service oriented principles, along with schedule based service choreographies, can be applied in practice to achieve a flexible and reconfigurable software architecture that provides deterministic real-time guarantees which are required in many areas of automation. In addition to an abstract description of this approach, we implemented a real-world demonstrator and show how it can be reconfigured nearly instantly with a graphical user interface that triggers a heuristics based choreography and planning process.
Nanometer-Thick Fluorinated Ionic Liquid Films as Lubricants in Data-Storage Devices (2019)

Media lubricants are critical to the reliability of hard disc drives (HDDs). Ideally, the lubricant should have high thermal stability and low monolayer (ML) thickness. Unfortunately, the state-of-the-art lubricant perfluoropolyether (PFPE) only has limited thermal stability, and its ML is relatively thick due to the polymeric chain structure. In this study, we showed that an ionic liquid (IL) with imidazolium cations and fluorinated anions, [Bmim][FAP], has higher thermal stability than PFPE Z-tetraol based on thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Moreover, both AFM and friction test results demonstrated that the ML thickness of [Bmim][FAP] is only ∼50% of that of PFPE Z-tetraol, which can be attributed to the smaller molecular size of [Bmim][FAP]. These findings suggest that ILs are promising candidates for the next-generation media lubricants.
Nanocrystalline High Power Lithium Ion Batteries (2009)

Abstract not Available.
R723, a selective JAK2 inhibitor, effectively treats JAK2V617F-induced murine myeloproliferative neoplasm (2011)

The activating mutations in JAK2 (including JAK2V617F) that have been described in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are linked directly to MPN pathogenesis. We developed R723, an orally bioavailable small molecule that inhibits JAK2 activity in vitro by 50% at a concentration of 2nM, while having minimal effects on JAK3, TYK2, and JAK1 activity. R723 inhibited cytokine-independent CFU-E growth and constitutive activation of STAT5 in primary hematopoietic cells expressing JAK2V617F. In an anemia mouse model induced by phenylhydrazine, R723 inhibited erythropoiesis. In a leukemia mouse model using Ba/F3 cells expressing JAK2V617F, R723 treatment prolonged survival and decreased tumor burden. In V617F-transgenic mice that closely mimic human primary myelofibrosis, R723 treatment improved survival, hepatosplenomegaly, leukocytosis, and thrombocytosis. R723 preferentially targeted the JAK2-dependent pathway rather than the JAK1- and JAK3-dependent pathways in vivo, and its effects on T and B lymphocytes were mild compared with its effects on myeloid cells. Our preclinical data indicate that R723 has a favorable safety profile and the potential to become an efficacious treatment for patients with JAK2V617F-positive MPNs.
The neuroendocrine peptide 7B2 prevents neurodegenerative disease‐related protein aggregation (2012)

Neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD) are characterized by an abnormal aggregation of misfolded beta‐sheet rich proteins such as β‐amyloid (Aβ), tau (in AD) and α‐synuclein (in PD). In healthy cells, the correct folding of proteins is controlled by ubiquitously expressed molecular chaperones, which prevent the accumulation of harmful protein species. Our understanding of this quality control machinery and its involvement in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases is, however, very limited. We here describe a novel chaperone‐like function for the neuroendocrine protein 7B2, a highly conserved protein that is widely expressed in the nervous and endocrine systems. In vitro , 7B2 efficiently prevented the fibrillation of Aβ(1–42), Aβ(1–40), tau and α‐synuclein at a molar ratio of 1:10. This anti‐aggregation effect was dose‐dependent and most effective when 7B2 was present as the full‐length (27 kDa) form. Both exogenous application of 7B2 into the medium of Neuro2A cells, as well as endogenous adenoviral‐mediated overexpression of 7B2 blocked the neurocytotoxic effect of Aβ(1–42) and significantly increased cell viability. In the substantia nigra of a human PD‐affected brain, 7B2 was highly colocalized with α‐synuclein, indicating a physiological association. Taken together our results suggest that 7B2 may play a role in the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases.
Design of Parallel Image Compression Circuits for High-speed CMOS Image Sensors (2007)

We investigated parallel image compression circuits suitable for integration in high-speed CMOS image sensors.We compared the coding efficiency and hardware complexity of several image compression algorithms that use 2-D DCTs using simulation and logic synthesis,and found that using 4$ imes$4 point 2-D DCT-based coding methods reduced hardware complexity and improved coding efficiency.We developed a parallel processing architecture for on-sensor image compression that use a processing element array and a data-buffering scheme for parallel data-output.We constructed a prototype 256 $ imes$ 256 pixel high-speed CMOS image sensor chip that integrates 16 image compression-processing elements and uses 0.25-$\mu$m CMOS technology.The area of the image compression circuits is 80\% of the image array with 15 $\mu$m square pixels.The entire chip could be operated at a clock frequency of 53.6 MHz,and high-speed images compressed by a factor of four could be read out at 10,000 fps using a 32-bit parallel bus.
Supplemental Material (for publication) File #1 from Large-scale Radiomic Profiling of Recurrent Glioblastoma Identifies an Imaging Predictor for Stratifying Anti-Angiogenic Treatment Response (2023)

&lt;p&gt;S1. Patients epidemiological and clinical characteristics S2. Image intensity normalization S3. Schematic of the three dimensional wavelet decompositions applied to each image sequence. S4. Radiomics features S5. List of radiomic features associated with treatment outcome identified using supervised principal component analysis S6. Supplementary statistical analysis S7. Post-progression therapy after bevacizumab failure&lt;/p&gt;
Peroxo-Cerium(IV)-Containing Polyoxometalates: [CeIV6(O2)9(GeW10O37)3]24–, a Recyclable Homogeneous Oxidation Catalyst (2019)

The class of peroxo-cerium-containing polyoxometalates has been discovered via the synthesis of the 9-peroxo-6-cerium(IV)-containing 30-tungsto-3-germanate, [Ce<sup>IV</sup><sub>6</sub>(O<sub>2</sub>)<sub>9</sub>(GeW<sub>10</sub>O<sub>37</sub>)<sub>3</sub>]<sup>24-</sup> (<b>1</b>). Polyanion <b>1</b> consists of a cyclic [Ce<sub>6</sub>(O<sub>2</sub>)<sub>9</sub>]<sup>6+</sup> assembly that is stabilized by three dilacunary [GeW<sub>10</sub>O<sub>37</sub>]<sup>10-</sup> Keggin fragments. The title polyanion <b>1</b> is solution-stable, on the basis of <sup>183</sup>W nuclear magnetic resonance, and was shown to act as a recyclable homogeneous catalyst for the selective, microwave-activated sulfoxidation of the model substrate methionine to the sulfoxide in the absence and to the sulfone in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Solution and solid-state Raman as well as solid-state infrared studies of <b>1</b> demonstrated the complete loss (and regain) of the nine peroxo groups <i>in situ</i> during the catalytic cycle, suggesting that the peroxo-free {Ce<sub>6</sub>(GeW<sub>10</sub>)<sub>3</sub>} skeleton remains most likely intact during the catalytic cycle. Solid-state X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements showed that peroxo loss is accompanied by reduction of the cerium ions from +4 to +3, which is fully reversible. Density functional theory calculations are in complete agreement with all of these observations and furthermore suggest that the reduction of the six cerium(IV) ions is accompanied by the formation of molecular dioxygen.
Analysis of d-ary Tree Algorithms with Successive Interference Cancellation (2023)

In this article, we calculate the mean throughput, number of collisions, successes, and idle slots for random tree algorithms with successive interference cancellation. Except for the case of the throughput for the binary tree, all the results are new. We furthermore disprove the claim that only the binary tree maximises throughput. Our method works with many observables and can be used as a blueprint for further analysis.
Two-Dimensional Electronic Spectroscopy of Semiconducting Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (2010)

Application of 2D Fourier transform electronic spectroscopy to semiconducting SWNTs is demonstrated to decongest complex exciton dynamics. Analysis provides the E22 homogeneous linewidth, and elucidates the roles of vibrational and multi-exciton states in population relaxation.
Synthesis of Ethynyl-Substituted Precursors to Carbon-Nitrogen-Sulfur Extended Structures: Reactions of C3N3F3 and C2N2SCl2 with Alkali-Metal (Trimethylsilyl)acetylides (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Ethynyl-Substituted Precursors to Carbon-Nitrogen-Sulfur Extended Structures: Reactions of C3N3F3 and C2N2SCl2 with Alkali-Metal (Trimethylsilyl)acetylidesJ. Kouvetakis, Douglas Grotjahn, Paul Becker, Stephen Moore, and Ryan DuponCite this: Chem. Mater. 1994, 6, 5, 636–639Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1994https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00041a014RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views734Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (438 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
SO2 extrusion in 1,2,6-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxides: a novel synthesis of pyrazoles (1993)

A novel synthesis of the pyrazole ring involving SO 2 extrusion by flow vacuum pyrolysis in the 1,2,6-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide system is described. The reaction has potential industrial significance for routes to pyrazoles or functionalized pyrazoles that do not involve hydrazines.
Interdisciplinary treatment of cervical lesions. (2012)

Soft tissue grafting is an integral part of treatment of cervical lesions due to the common lack of adequate attached gingiva and root exposure associated with these lesions. Complete root coverage is a predictable outcome for Miller Class I and II recession defects, and partial root coverage can be achieved in Miller Class III defects. In the esthetic zone, it is desirable to cover as much of the root as possible, and all sites require an adequate zone of attached gingiva, especially adjacent to a restoration. Restorations are required for cervical lesions with excessive depth and significant involvement of the enamel, but they should be avoided where the lesion is shallow and the enamel involvement is minimal. Of course, some sites will require both soft-tissue grafting and placement of a restoration. An interdisciplinary approach to treating cervical lesions will create the most biologically appropriate, stable, and esthetic outcome. Establishing the appropriate tooth form first in treatment planning and sequencing will determine the gingival level and extent of periodontal procedures necessary to achieve the desired outcome.
Transactivation of the human multidrug resistance (MDR1) gene promoter by p53 mutants. (1994)

Multidrug resistance in human cancer is associated with overexpression of the MDR1 gene, which encodes a plasma membrane energy-dependent efflux pump termed P-glycoprotein (or the multidrug transporter), which confers cross-resistance to multiple hydrophobic natural product cytotoxic drugs. We have previously shown in cotransfection experiments that activity of the human MDR1 gene promoter is modulated by Ras and p53, suggesting that expression of the MDR1 gene may be associated with the activation of oncogenes and/or functional loss of tumor suppressor genes during oncogenesis. To further characterize the effects of p53 on the MDR1 promoter, we have shown in the current study that the region of the promoter that is required for transactivation by p53 mutants overlaps with the region that is essential for basal promoter activity. In addition, we also have shown that several different p53 mutants transactivate the MDR1 promoter in several different cell types, including embryo fibroblasts derived from the p53-deficient (p53-l-) mice generated by gene targeting.
Thermal Analysis of Printed Circuit Boards for Infrared Reflow Soldering (1998)

The method of calculating radiation heat transfer was examined for use in the thermal analysis of printed circuit boards (PCBs) during infrared reflow soldering. The results confirmed that the heater and PCBs must be regarded as non-gray bodies. In addition, wavelength intervals must be set at two microns or less to accommodate both radiation characteristics of the heater and absorption characteristics of the PCBs. We developed the reflow soldering simulation system using the radiation calculation method. The results of the transient analysis of a PCB on the simulation system correspond to the experimental values and were proven to be accurate. A detailed understanding of the heating process of a PCB, including components mounting the PCB, during infrared reflow soldering can be acquired by using the simulation system.
Training-Free Uncertainty Estimation for Neural Networks (2019)

Uncertainty estimation is an essential step in the evaluation of the robustness for deep learning models in computer vision, especially when applied in risk-sensitive areas. However, most state-of-the-art deep learning models either fail to obtain uncertainty estimation or need significant modification (e.g., formulating a proper Bayesian treatment) to obtain it. None of the previous methods are able to take an arbitrary model off the shelf and generate uncertainty estimation without retraining or redesigning it. To address this gap, we perform the first systematic exploration into training-free uncertainty estimation. 
We propose three simple and scalable methods to analyze the variance of output from a trained network under tolerable perturbations: infer-transformation, infer-noise, and infer-dropout. They operate solely during inference, without the need to re-train, re-design, or fine-tune the model, as typically required by other state-of-the-art uncertainty estimation methods. Surprisingly, even without involving such perturbations in training, our methods produce comparable or even better uncertainty estimation when compared to other training-required state-of-the-art methods. Last but not least, we demonstrate that the uncertainty from our proposed methods can be used to improve the neural network training.
Supplemental Figure 6A from Characterization of a Naturally Occurring Breast Cancer Subset Enriched in Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Stem Cell Characteristics (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 6A&lt;/p&gt;
Energy Based Modeling of Ultra High-Pressure Waterjet Surface Preparation Processes (2011)

Ultra high-pressure waterjets (UHP-WJ) have been emerging as a viable method for surface texturing, cleaning, and peening of metallic materials. Previous experimental studies have suggested that removal of material can be related to the energy density of the waterjet impinging upon the workpiece, rather than the net energy. The net energy transferred to the workpiece is a function of four key process parameters, namely, (i) orifice diameter, (ii) orifice geometry, (iii) supply pressure, and (iv) traverse rate. The energy density also incorporates jet spreading as well as flow rate and impulse pressure distributions within the waterjet. In this paper, a novel representation of the power distribution within the waterjet is presented, as well as a relationship governing jet-material interaction. Empirical validation on a Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy is presented, with good correlation noted between the predicted and experimental results.
On the Error Exponent of Approximate Sufficient Statistics for M-ary Hypothesis Testing (2020)

Consider the problem of detecting one of M i.i.d. Gaussian signals corrupted in white Gaussian noise. Conventionally, matched filters are used for detection. We first show that the outputs of the matched filter form a set of asymptotically optimal sufficient statistics in the sense of maximizing the error exponent of detecting the true signal. In practice, however, M may be large which motivates the design and analysis of a reduced set of N statistics which we term approximate sufficient statistics. Our construction of these statistics is based on a small set of filters that project the outputs of the matched filters onto a lower-dimensional vector using a sensing matrix. We consider a sequence of sensing matrices that has the desiderata of row orthonormality and low coherence. We analyze the performance of the resulting maximum likelihood (ML) detector, which leads to an achievable bound on the error exponent based on the approximate sufficient statistics; this bound recovers the original error exponent when N = M. We compare this to a bound that we obtain by analyzing a modified form of the Reduced Dimensionality Detector (RDD) proposed by Xie, Eldar, and Goldsmith [IEEE Trans. on Inform. Th., 59(6):3858-3874, 2013]. We show that by setting the sensing matrices to be column-normalized group Hadamard matrices, the exponents derived are ensemble-tight, i.e., our analysis is tight on the exponential scale given the sensing matrices and the decoding rule. Finally, we derive some properties of the exponents, showing, in particular, that they increase linearly in the compression ratio N/M.
Clústeres metálicos subnanométricos confinados en redes metalorgánicas como catalizadores para la síntesis de cicloheptatrienos y derivados (2018)

La presente invención se refiere a un material híbrido que comprende un MOF de cobre y níquel con ligandos oxamato {IMAGEN-01} que contiene clústeres metálicos subnanométricos, preferentemente de menos de 7 átomos, confinados en los canales del MOF, a su procedimiento de obtención y a su uso como catalizador en la formación de compuestos de mayor valor añadido, por ejemplo cicloheptatrienos