gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Initial assessments of ignition spherical torus (1985)

Initial assessments of ignition spherical tori suggest that they can be highly cost effective and exceptionally small in unit size. Assuming advanced methods of current drive to ramp up the plasma current (e.g., via lower hybrid wave at modest plasma densities and temperatures), the inductive solenoid can largely be eliminated. Given the uncertainties in plasma energy confinement times and the effects of strong paramagnetism on plasma pressure, and allowing for the possible use of high-strength copper alloys (e.g., C-17510, Cu-Ni-Be alloy), ignition spherical tori with a 50-s burn are estimated to have major radii ranging from 1.0 to 1.6 m, aspect ratios from 1.4 to 1.7, vacuum toroidal fields from 2 to 3 T, plasma currents from 10 to 19 MA, and fusion power from 50 to 300 MW. Because of its modest field strength and simple poloidal field coil configuration, only conventional engineering approaches are needed in the design. A free-standing toroidal field coil/vacuum vessel structure is assessed to be feasible and relatively independent of the shield structure and the poloidal field coils. This exceptionally simple configuration depends significantly, however, on practical fabrication approaches of the center conductor post, about which there is presently little experience. 19 refs.
A novel bargaining based power allocation for Coordinated Multiple Point transmission/reception (2011)

To explore the benefit of Coordinated Multiple Point transmission/reception (CoMP) will reduce the exchange overhead between the cells, a distributed Rubinstein-Stahl Bargaining based Power Allocation (DBPA) scheme is proposed in this paper. The introduced scheme can provide a possible solution to share the increased benefits, which are obtained at a serving cell when a slaving cell joins to coordinated transmission. By exchanging the Patience Factor (PF) calculated in each cell, a serving cell can determine the optimal power provided from the slaving cell. Furthermore, if the chosen slaving cell could get more utilities from cooperation, it will have incentive to do so. It is obvious that DBPA don't need a central control point then decrease the information transmission and the simulation results show that it can also achieve comparable performance to that employing centralized scheme.
Urinalysis by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (2000)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Stuart Farquharson, Yuan-Hsiang Lee, Hyeog Kwon, Mahmoud Shahriari, Petrie Rainey; Urinalysis by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. AIP Conf. Proc. 19 January 2000; 504 (1): 306–311. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1307159 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Delayed Ignition of Autocatalytic Combustion Precursors: Low-Temperature Nanomaterial Binder Approach to Electronically Functional Oxide Films (2012)

Delayed ignition of combustion synthesis precursors can significantly lower metal oxide film formation temperatures. From bulk In(2)O(3) precursor analysis, it is shown here that ignition temperatures can be lowered by as much as 150 °C. Thus, heat generation from ~60 nm thick In(2)O(3) films is sufficient to form crystalline In(2)O(3) films at 150 °C. Furthermore, we show that the low processing temperatures of sufficiently thick combustion precursor films can be applied to the synthesis of metal oxide nanocomposite films from nanomaterials overcoated/impregnated with the appropriate combustion precursor. The resulting, electrically well-connected nanocomposites exhibit significant enhancements in charge-transport properties vs conventionally processed oxide films while maintaining desirable intrinsic electronic properties. For example, while ZnO nanorod-based thin-film transistors exhibit an electron mobility of 10(-3)-10(-2) cm(2) V(-1) s(-1), encasing these nanorods within a ZnO combustion precursor-derived matrix enhances the electron mobility to 0.2 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1). Using commercially available ITO nanoparticles, the intrinsically high carrier concentration is preserved during nanocomposite film synthesis, and an ITO nanocomposite film processed at 150 °C exhibits a conductivity of ~10 S cm(-1) without post-reductive processing.
Continuous precipitation polymerization of vinylidene fluoride in supercritical carbon dioxide: molecular weight distribution (2002)

The surfactant-free precipitation polymerization of vinylidene fluoride (VF2) in supercritical carbon dioxide was studied in a continuous stirred autoclave. The polymerization temperature ranged from 65 to 85°C, the average residence time in the reactor varied from 10 to 50 min., and the pressure was between 210 and 305 bar. Diethyl peroxydicarbonate was used as the initiator. The fractional conversion of monomer varied from 7 to 26%, the number-average molecular weight of the polymer was between about 14,000 and 79,000, and the weight-average molecular weight was between about 21,000 and 700,000. In many cases, the polymer exhibited a bimodal molecular-weight distribution, especially at high monomer concentrations.
Photonic crystals for light-emitting devices (1998)

Photonic crystals or photonic bandgap (PBG) structures promise to revolutionize optoelectronics by making anew class of highly efficient, low noise light emitters possible. We present data to show that their properties, in particular 2D systems, have now been fully characterized in the relevant semiconductor material system and at near-IR wavelengths, so effort can be redirected towards making active light emitters. As a first example, we present a semiconductor laser with one output mirror designed according to PBG principles. From threshold and efficiency data, we derive a reflectivity of 95 +/- 10 percent for this mirror, which underlines the viability of the PBG approach for practical devices. In order to realize the full potential of photonic crystal light emitters, however, important material issues need to be considered. Non- radiative recombination, for example, is a big problem when the photonic crystal is an integral part of the active region because of the relatively large areas of exposed surface. Several possible solutions to this problem are presented.
Neurovascular disturbance associated with implant placement in the anterior mandible and its surgical implications: literature review including report of a case (2008)

Nowadays, oral implants are routinely used for rehabilitation of the edentulous mandible as this procedure is often considered uncomplicated, especially when limiting implant placement to the symphyseal area. Nevertheless, a case of nerve disturbance in the anterior mandible after the implant placement is described. Therefore, surgical, radiographic and anatomic considerations are reviewed in order to encounter the risks for neurosensory disturbance and haemorrhage. It is clear that preoperative radiographic planning of oral implant placement in the anterior mandible should pay attention to the mandibular incisive and lingual canals, besides the mental one, to avoid any neurovascular complications
Search for charged Higgs bosons produced in association with a top quark and decaying via H±→τν using pp collision data recorded at s=13 TeV by the ATLAS detector (2016)

Search for charged Higgs bosons produced in association with a top quark and decaying via H
Phase II Study of Enzastaurin in the Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma. (2006)

Abstract Protein kinase C beta (PKCβ), a pivotal enzyme in B-cell signaling and survival, has been identified as a therapeutic target in B-cell malignancies. Recent studies show that PKCβ is overexpressed in a majority of patients (pts) with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Other studies implicate overactivation of the PI3K/AKT pathway in the pathogenesis of MCL. Enzastaurin, an oral serine/threonine kinase inhibitor, suppresses signaling through PKCβ and the PI3K/AKT pathway to induce tumor cell apoptosis, reduce proliferation, and suppress tumor-induced angiogenesis. The primary objective of this phase II, single-arm, multicenter trial was to determine the rate of freedom from progression (FFP) for ≥3 cycles (1 cycle = 28 days). Secondary endpoints included objective response rate (complete + partial) and toxicity. Pts with previously relapsed/refractory MCL, with no more than 4 prior regimens of therapy, received 500 mg enzastaurin orally, once daily, until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. A total of 60 pts (18 female; 42 male), median age of 66 years (range: 45–85), median international prognostic index of 2 (range: 0–5), and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0–2 were enrolled. All pts had CD20 + MCL and failed multiple prior therapies (median = 2, range: 1–5). Most pts had received CHOP-based chemotherapy and/or rituximab. All enrolled pts received at least 1 dose of enzastaurin and were included in the safety and efficacy analysis. Three pts discontinued due to adverse events possibly related to study drug (diarrhea, renal impairment, and syncope). There were no drug-related deaths or grade (Gr) 4 toxicities. No drug-related bone-marrow toxicities, except Gr 3 anemia (1 pt), were reported. There was 1 case each of drug-related Gr 3 diarrhea, dyspnea, vomiting, hypotension, and syncope. Fatigue (Gr ≤2) was the most common toxicity (n = 5). No objective tumor responses were recorded. 22 of 60 enrolled pts (36.7%, 95% CI: 24.5%–48.9%) were FFP for ≥3 cycles. Six of these pts, who had failed prior chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy, achieved stable disease for ≥ 6 months. One pt was FFP for 22 months, and 2 pts are still on treatment for 8+ and 12+ months, respectively. Although no objective tumor responses occurred, 6 pts were FFP for 6 to 22 months. Oral enzastaurin was well tolerated for extended durations, suggesting it may be used as continuous or maintenance therapy after induction therapy and warrants further investigation in MCL.
ChemInform Abstract: UMWANDLUNGEN VON 1‐METHYL‐1‐DICHLORMETHYL‐CYCLOHEXAN‐DERIVATEN (1970)

Abstract Die Hydrierung des Cyclohexadienons (I) liefert das Cyclohexanon (II), das zu dem Cyclohexan (III) reduziert und zu (IV) ketalisiert wird.
Active photos (2004)

In this paper we describe an investigation into linkages to multimedia content from individual items in photographs and other printed images. We describe prototypes for authoring and playing such "active photos", and give the results of informal trials. We conclude with lessons learned and next steps.
Molecular Determinants of Scaffold-induced Linear Ubiquitinylation of B Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia 10 (Bcl10) during T Cell Receptor and Oncogenic Caspase Recruitment Domain-containing Protein 11 (CARD11) Signaling (2016)

The activation of NF-κB downstream of T cell receptor (TCR) engagement is a key signaling step required for normal lymphocyte function during the adaptive immune response. During TCR signaling, the adaptor protein Bcl10 is inducibly recruited to the CARD11 scaffold protein as part of a multicomponent complex that induces IκB kinase (IKK) activity and NF-κB activation. Here, we show that a consequence of this recruitment is the TCR-induced conjugation of Bcl10 with linear-linked polyubiquitin chains to generate the signaling intermediate Lin(Ub)<sub>n</sub>-Bcl10, which is required for the association of Bcl10 with the NEMO subunit of the IKK complex. The TCR-induced generation of Lin(Ub)<sub>n</sub>-Bcl10 requires Bcl10 lysines 17, 31, and 63, CARD11, MALT1, and the HOIP subunit of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) but not the HOIP accessory protein SHARPIN. CARD11 promotes signal-induced Lin(Ub)<sub>n</sub>-Bcl10 generation by co-recruiting Bcl10 with HOIP, thereby bringing substrate to enzyme. The CARD11-HOIP interaction is rendered TCR-inducible by the four autoinhibitory repressive elements in the CARD11 inhibitory domain and involves the CARD11 coiled-coil domain and two independent regions of HOIP. Interestingly, oncogenic CARD11 variants associated with diffuse large B cell lymphoma spontaneously induce Lin(Ub)<sub>n</sub>-Bcl10 production to extents that correlate with their abilities to activate NF-κB and with their enhanced abilities to bind HOIP and Bcl10. Our results define molecular determinants that control the production of Lin(Ub)<sub>n</sub>-Bcl10, an important signaling intermediate in TCR and oncogenic CARD11 signaling.
Characteristics of deep GPS signal fading due to ionospheric scintillation for aviation receiver design (2009)

Deep and frequent fading of Global Positioning System (GPS) signals caused by ionospheric scintillation is a major concern for aircraft navigation using GPS in the equatorial region during solar maximum. Aviation receivers use both code and carrier measurements to calculate position solutions. Deep signal fading can break a receiver's carrier tracking lock to a satellite channel. The lost channel cannot be used for position calculation until the receiver reacquires the channel and reestablishes tracking. A solar maximum data set analyzed in this paper demonstrates frequent deep signal fading of almost all satellites in view. This could significantly reduce the number of simultaneous tracked satellites and consequently decrease navigation availability. Forty‐five minutes of strong scintillation, which was the worst scintillation period of a 9 day campaign at Ascension Island in 2001, are analyzed in this paper. The importance of short reacquisition time of the receiver is described. In order to design an aviation receiver with short reacquisition time under frequent deep signal fading, the characteristics of signal fading should be well understood. Fading duration and the time between deep fades are two important characteristics for GPS navigation. This paper presents a fading duration model based on real scintillation data. The time between deep fades observed in this data shows very frequent deep fades which can significantly reduce benefit of carrier smoothing filters of aviation receivers.
<title>Efficient computation of densely sampled wavelet transforms</title> (1991)

An efficient algorithm is presented for computing the continuous wavelet transform and the wideband ambiguity function on a sample grid with uniform time spacing but arbitrary sampling in scale. The method is based on the chirp z-transform and requires the same order of computation as constant-bandwidth analysis techniques, such as the short-time Fourier transform and the narrowband ambiguity function. An alternative spline approximation method which is more efficient when the number of scale samples is large is also described.
Comparison of Macro-and Micro-porosity of a Titanium Mesh for Guided Bone Regeneration: AnIn VivoExperimental Study (2021)

Microvasculature penetrates 50-μm diameter micropores and accelerates bone formation inside the cylinder, which was set on rat calvaria. The microporous titanium mesh can facilitate angiogenesis from both the dura mater and periosteal in vertical ridge augmentation. Our data showed superiority of microporous titanium vascular permeability and osteoconductivity, supporting bone growth.
Influence of Volatile Anesthetics on Left Ventricular Afterload In Vivo (1996)

The results indicate that desflurane and sevoflurane produce substantially different effects on left ventricular afterload in chronically instrumented dogs. Desflurane-induced decreases in systemic vascular resistance occur primarily because of effects on arteriolar resistance vessels. In contrast, sevoflurane increased C and Zc concomitant with pressure-dependent reductions in aortic diameter, suggesting that this anesthetic may alter left ventricular afterload by affecting the mechanical properties of the aorta.
Factors Affecting the Synthesis of Polymeric Nanostructures from Template Assisted Admicellar Polymerization (2007)

Template assisted admicellar polymerization (TAAP) utilizes a surfactant layer adsorbed on a surface to localize a monomer to the surface prior to polymerization of the monomer. Nanostructures are formed by restricting adsorption to the uncovered sites of an already-templated surface, in this case, to the interstitial sites between adsorbed latex spheres. This work studies the factors affecting the synthesis of polymeric nanostructures from TAAP for three different monomers, aniline, pyrrole, and methyl methacrylate, and three different surfaces, highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), gold, and SiO2. Among the parameters discussed are the effects of monomer and surfactant concentration, surfactant chain length, polymerization time and temperature, and solution ionic strength. Control of the aforementioned parameters allows some control over the nanostructure morphology. Polymer nanopillars, nanorings, honeycombs, and "honeytubes" have been synthesized. Important conclusions regarding the conditions favoring admicellar polymerization relative to polymerization in solution are drawn from the experimental results as well. Sample characterization includes scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and alternating current (ac) impedance measurements.
PET 68Ga-labeled alphamethyl tyrosine for imaging lung and breast tumors in rodents (2008)

1258 Objectives: This study was aimed to synthesize 68Ga-1, 4, 8, 11-tetraazacyclotetradecane-α-methyl-D, L-tyrosine (68Ga-N4-AMT) as apotential radiotracer for imaging lung and breast tumors. Methods: The phenolic hydroxy group of N-t-butoxycarbonyl (BOC) AMT ethyl ester was reacted with bromopropanol, followed by tosylation to afford N-BOC-O-3-tosylpropyl-AMT ethyl ester. N4-AMT was synthesized by reacting trifloroacetylated cyclam and N-BOC -O-3-tosylpropyl-AMT, followed by acidic hydrolysis to remove protected N-BOC, trifluoroacetate and ethyl ester. 68GaCL3 was eluted from a 68Ge/68Ga generator (Eckert & Ziegler, Berlin, Germany). N4-AMT (1 mg) was labeled with 68Ga(III) using acetate buffer (pH 5). The lung and breast tumor-bearing models were created by inoculating with NCI-H187 lung tumor cells (106 cells/mouse) and rat 13762 breast tumor cells (105 cells/rat) sc in the right hond limbs of nude mice or F-344 rats, respectively. The rodents were administered with 68Ga-N4, 68Ga-N4-AMT and 18F-FDG (300-500 uCi/rodent, iv). PET imaging was performed on a microPET R4 (Siemens). Results: N4-AMT was confirmed by NMR and mass spectrometry. Radiochemical purity of 68Ga N4-AMT was > 96 %. The specific activity of 68Ga-N4-AMT was 0.13 Ci/mmol. The lung tumor was clearly visualized by 68Ga N4-AMT but poorly with 18F-FDG or 68Ga-N4 at 45 minutes post-injection. From dynamic scans acquired, tumor-to-muscle uptake ratios were ranged 3 to 8 in a breast tumor-bearing rat from 60 to 90 min. Conclusions: PET with 68Ga N4-AMT is a promising and sensitive agent for detection of tumors. The cellular kinetic uptake, mechanistic studies and biodistribution of this novel tracer in tumor models are underway.
Prospects for Long Pulse Generation in a Magnetron using a Transparent Cathode (2005)

Summary form only given. The gap between the cathode and anode in a relativistic magnetron is, as a rule, much smaller than the radii of the electrodes in order to provide synchronous interaction between the electrons and the operating wave. However, the inadvertent production of plasma on the cathode during explosive electron emission quickly fills the anode-cathode (A-K) gap, thereby limiting the time of interaction. By using a transparent cathode, it is possible to increase the gap distance several times and facilitate longer pulse operation. In the transparent cathode, longitudinal strips are removed from a thin-walled tubular cathode, thereby increasing the amplitude of the synchronous azimuthal electric field in the electron flow region. As an example, computer simulations using the particle-in-cell code MAGIC of an A6 relativistic magnetron with 18 cathode strips show that the gap distance can be increased by a factor of three without significant degradation in the output characteristics. In addition to the possibility of larger gap spacings, a novel feature of the transparent cathode is that plasma can now propagate in both radial directions, unlike the case of a traditional solid cathode, where plasma can allow to propagate toward the interaction region. Simulation results, as well as plans for experiments, will be presented.
Chemiluminescent acridan phosphate labelling compounds for detection in gels (2001)

We have developed a chemiluminescent acridan phosphate labelling compound which produces a flash of light upon chemical triggering. Sequential treatment of the label with acid and a strong base, one of which contains a peroxide, initiates light emission as a rapid flash lasting 1–2 s. Labelling of analytes with these compounds permits their direct detection in a non-enzymatic assay format. Representative compounds have been linked to BSA as a model protein analyte and detected by chemiluminescence assay. Light intensity correlated with the amount of BSA over six orders of magnitude, permitting the detection of 50 amol of protein in solution. We have also demonstrated for the first time that labelled proteins can be separated by electrophoresis without destruction of the label and that chemiluminescence can be produced and detected directly in the gel. The ease, speed and sensitivity of detection by this new method should enable the development of simpler assays for a wide variety of analytes. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Graphene‐Encapsulated Si on Ultrathin‐Graphite Foam as Anode for High Capacity Lithium‐Ion Batteries (2013)

A Si/graphene composite is drop-casted on an ultrathin-graphite foam (UGF) with three dimensional conductive network. The Si/graphene/UGF composite presents excellent stability and relatively high overall capacity when tested as an anode for rechargeable lithium ion batteries.
ADAM: An adaptive beamforming system for multicasting in wireless LANs (2012)

We present the design and implementation of ADAM, the first adaptive beamforming based multicast system and experimental framework for indoor wireless environments. ADAM addresses the joint problem of adaptive beamformer design at the PHY layer and client scheduling at the MAC layer by proposing efficient algorithms that are amenable to practical implementation. ADAM is implemented on an FPGA platform and its performance is compared against that of omni-directional and switched beamforming based multicast. Our experimental results reveal that (i) switched multicast beamforming has limited gains in indoor multi-path environments, whose deficiencies can be effectively overcome by ADAM to yield an average gain of three-fold; (ii) the higher the dynamic range of the discrete transmission rates employed by the MAC hardware, the higher the gains in ADAM's performance, yielding upto nine-fold improvement over omni with the 802.11 rate table; and (iii) finally, ADAM's performance is susceptible to channel variations due to user mobility and infrequent channel information feedback. However, we show that training ADAM's SNR-rate mapping to incorporate feedback rate and coherence time significantly increases its robustness to channel dynamics.