gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Growth of underwater communication technology in the U.S. Navy (2009)

Research and development in underwater communications is expanding in the U.S. Navy. Although there is no single Navy program office whose primary aim is to develop underwater telemetry systems, the Office of Naval Research has made a significant investment in both theoretical and applied work over the past twenty years and currently funds multiple programs in acoustic communication. Increased throughput, better power efficiency, low probability of detection, and compact implementations are all important research topics.
Genetic and cellular sensitivity of Caenorhabditis elegans to the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin (2018)

Cisplatin and derivatives are commonly used as chemotherapeutic agents. Although the cytotoxic action of cisplatin on cancer cells is very efficient, clinical oncologists need to deal with two major difficulties, namely the onset of resistance to the drug and the cytotoxic effect in patients. Here, we used <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> to investigate factors influencing the response to cisplatin in multicellular organisms. In this hermaphroditic model organism, we observed that sperm failure is a major cause of cisplatin-induced infertility. RNA sequencing data indicate that cisplatin triggers a systemic stress response, in which DAF-16/FOXO and SKN-1/NRF2, two conserved transcription factors, are key regulators. We determined that inhibition of the DNA damage-induced apoptotic pathway does not confer cisplatin protection to the animal. However, mutants for the pro-apoptotic BH3-only gene <i>ced-13</i> are sensitive to cisplatin, suggesting a protective role of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Finally, we demonstrated that our system can also be used to identify mutations providing resistance to cisplatin and therefore potential biomarkers of innate cisplatin-refractory patients. We show that mutants for the redox regulator <i>trxr-1</i>, ortholog of the mammalian thioredoxin reductase 1 <i>TRXR1</i>, display cisplatin resistance. By CRISPR/Cas9, we determined that such resistance relies on the presence of the single selenocysteine residue in TRXR-1.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Bimodal probe for the diagnosis of Early Prostate Cancer (2011)

International audience
2,6‐Disubstituted N‐Arylsulfonyl Piperidines as γ‐Secretase Inhibitors. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Supplementary Table S5 from Systematic Functional Interrogation of Rare Cancer Variants Identifies Oncogenic Alleles (2023)

&lt;p&gt;L1000 gene expression data of 1036 ORFs.&lt;/p&gt;
Updates and Changes with JMI (2017)

This JMI Editorial describes upcoming changes to the journal leadership for 2018.
Alexander Georgievich Egorov was the rector of Leningrad Chemical-Pharmaceutical Institute from 1958 to 1972 (2023)

Based on unpublished sources from the Central State Archive of Historical and Political Documents of St. Petersburg, as well as from the Central State Archive of St. Petersburg, the biography of Alexander Georgievich Egorov, the rector of the Leningrad Chemical-Pharmaceutical Institute, has been reconstructed. His career in education was extraordinarily successful, which was explained on the one hand by his personal merits, and on the other hand, by his simultaneous rise up the political ladder, which was a tribute to the times and characterized the Soviet system as a whole. The authors consider Alexander Georgievichs contribution to the improvement of the structure and personnel of the Leningrad Chemical-Pharmaceutical Institute, the development of scientific work, and the modernization of the institutes material and technical base. Thanks in large part to the organizational qualities and leadership abilities of Rector A. G. Egorov, during his 12-year leadership, the Leningrad Chemical-Pharmaceutical Institute became known and was the only higher educational institution of its kind, where specialists in the field of pharmacy were trained not only for pharmacies, but also for pharmaceutical factories
Suppression of HIV-1 replication by microRNA effectors (2009)

The rate of HIV-1 gene expression is a key step that determines the kinetics of virus spread and AIDS progression. Viral entry and gene expression were described to be the key determinants for cell permissiveness to HIV. Recent reports highlighted the involvement of miRNA in regulating HIV-1 replication post-transcriptionally. In this study we explored the role of cellular factors required for miRNA-mediated mRNA translational inhibition in regulating HIV-1 gene expression. Here we show that HIV-1 mRNAs associate and co-localize with components of the RNA Induced Silencing Complex (RISC), and we characterize some of the proteins required for miRNA-mediated silencing (miRNA effectors). RCK/p54, GW182, LSm-1 and XRN1 negatively regulate HIV-1 gene expression by preventing viral mRNA association with polysomes. Interestingly, knockdown of RCK/p54 or DGCR8 resulted in virus reactivation in PBMCs isolated from HIV infected patients treated with suppressive HAART.
Verifying Mutual Authentication for the DLK Protocol Using ProVerif Tool (2013)

This paper adopts the Distributed Lightweight Kerberos (DLK) protocol, which is a result of enhancing the well-known Kerberos protocol. One of the advantages of the DLK protocol is that it addresses mutual authentication and confidentiality challenges while reducing the required number of messages to securely communicate with multiple service providers. In this paper we formally analyze and verify the DLK protocol that has been designed for multi-agent based systems. We use the ProVerif formal model checker in order to model and verify the DLK protocol. Using ProVerif exposed essential security problems in the DLK protocol as non-formal analysis had shown. ProVerif enabled us to detect that mutual authentication is compromised between the DLK participants. We propose a nonce-based authentication technique in order to redesign the protocol and fix this flaw. We then verified the correctness of the proposed protocol using the ProVerif tool.
Cascaded Multilingual Audio-Visual Learning from Videos (2021)

In this paper, we explore self-supervised audio-visual models that learn from instructional videos. Prior work has shown that these models can relate spoken words and sounds to visual content after training on a large-scale dataset of videos, but they were only trained and evaluated on videos in English. To learn multilingual audio-visual representations, we propose a cascaded approach that leverages a model trained on English videos and applies it to audio-visual data in other languages, such as Japanese videos. With our cascaded approach, we show an improvement in retrieval performance of nearly 10x compared to training on the Japanese videos solely. We also apply the model trained on English videos to Japanese and Hindi spoken captions of images, achieving state-of-the-art performance.
Synchronization of Microphones Based on Rank Minimization of Warped Spectrum for Asynchronous Distributed Recording (2020)

This paper describes a new method for synchronizing microphones based on spectral warping in an asynchronous microphone array. In an audio signal observed by an asynchronous microphone array, two factors are involved: the time lag caused by a mismatch of the sampling rate and offset between microphones, and the modulation caused by differences in spatial transfer function between the sound source and each microphone. A spectrum warping matrix representing a resampling effect in the frequency domain is formulated and an observation model of audio (spectrum) mixture in an asynchronous microphone array is constructed. The proposed synchronization method uses an iterative optimization algorithm based on gradient descent of a new objective function. The function is formulated as a logarithmic determinant of a spectrum correlation matrix that is derived from relaxation of a rank minimization problem. Experimental results showed that the proposed method effectively estimates modulated sampling rate and that the proposed method outperforms an existing synchronization method.
Improvement in D-E Hysteresis Curve Squareness of PZT Thin Films—Effect of Oxygen Partial Pressure in High-Pressure Post-Annealing (2003)

A high-pressure annealing was applied to a post-annealing process for sol-gel derived PZT thin films. The squareness of D-E hysteresis curves changes depending on both total pressure and oxygen concentration. Moreover, the change follows the product of the total pressure and the oxygen concentration, which correspond to oxygen partial pressure PO2. Where the PO2 is higher than 0.03 MPa, few of the squareness of the hysteresis curve are excellent. The squareness of the hysteresis curves dramatically improve as the PO2 decreases. Where the PO2 is lower than 0.01 MPa, the squareness deteriorates slightly. These changes in the D-E hysteresis curves are thought to be explained by the generation of lead and oxygen vacancies as a function of the PO2.
Hypertension and the Kidney (1959)

The kidney in blood pressure regulation Renal parenchymal disease and hypertension Renovascular hypertension and ischemic nephropathy Adrenal causes of hypertension Insulin resistance and hypertension The role of hypertension in progression of chronic renal disease Pharmacologic treatment of hypertension Hypertensive crises. Index.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Mechanics from the Attached to the Suspended State (2010)

Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are therapeutically useful cells that are typically expanded in vitro on stiff substrata before reimplantation. Here we explore MSC mechanical and structural changes via atomic force microscopy and optical stretching during extended passaging, and we demonstrate that cytoskeletal organization and mechanical stiffness of attached MSC populations are strongly modulated over &gt;15 population doublings in vitro. Cytoskeletal actin networks exhibit significant coarsening, attendant with decreasing average mechanical compliance and differentiation potential of these cells, although expression of molecular surface markers does not significantly decline. These mechanical changes are not observed in the suspended state, indicating that the changes manifest themselves as alterations in stress fiber arrangement rather than cortical cytoskeleton arrangement. Additionally, optical stretching is capable of investigating a previously unquantified structural transition: remodeling-induced stiffening over tens of minutes after adherent cells are suspended. Finally, we find that optically stretched hMSCs exhibit power-law rheology during both loading and recovery; this evidence appears to be the first to originate from a biophysical measurement technique not involving cell-probe or cell-substratum contact. Together, these quantitative assessments of attached and suspended MSCs define the extremes of the extracellular environment while probing intracellular mechanisms that contribute to cell mechanical response.
Palladium nano-carbon-calixarene based devices for hydrogen sensing (2013)

Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) stabilised by p-phosphonated calix[8]arene are decorated with Pd nano-particles via hydrogen reduction of H2PdCl4 in a vortex fluidic device, with control over particle size (1.3 nm to 7 nm). The composite is readily incorporated into sensors for up to 10% hydrogen detection, using a drop casting method.
Adaptive Identification of Operating Deflection Shapes. (1999)

In this paper we are concerned with the estimation of the operating deflection shapes (ODSs) of a system in an unsteady state.It is usually difficult to identify the ODSs, because the responses under operating conditions are not always in a steady state.Therefore, the adaptive identification scheme of the ODSs for non-stationary signals is necessary.In this paper we present a new type of subspace method that can identify well-excited frequencies and the ODSs corresponding to those frequencies.In order to prove the adaptability of this scheme for time-varying signals, we demonstrate its performance using artificially generated responses.Then we use the responese of an actual structure and show the effectiveness of this scheme with actual data.The results are in good agreement with the analytical ones and lead us to belive that the proposed scheme can be successfully used for the identification of time-varying signals
From low-loss to lossless optical negative-index materials (2006)

Practical optical negative index materials based on coupled plasmon resonances must overcome reflection and absorption. Simulations show that matched impedance and compensated losses due to optimized design and gain material, respectively, lead to 100% transmission.
Better Bounds for Block Cipher Modes of Operation via Nonce-Based Key Derivation. (2017)

Block cipher modes of operation provide a way to securely encrypt using a block cipher. The main factors in analyzing modes of operation are the \emph{level of security} achieved (chosen-plaintext security, authenticated encryption, nonce-misuse resistance, and so on) and \textit{performance}. When measuring the security level of a mode of operation, it does not suffice to consider asymptotics, and a concrete analysis is necessary. This is especially the case today, when encryption rates can be very high, and so birthday bounds may be approached or even reached. In this paper, we show that key-derivation at every encryption significantly improves the security bounds in many cases. We present a new key-derivation method that utilizes a \emph{truncated block cipher}, and show that this is far better than standard block-cipher based key derivation. We prove that by using our key derivation method, we obtain greatly improved bounds for many modes of operation, with a result that the lifetime of a key can be significantly extended. We demonstrate this for AES-CTR (CPA-security), AES-GCM (authenticated encryption) and AES-GCM-SIV (nonce-misuse resistance). Finally, we demonstrate that when using modern hardware with AES instructions (AES-NI), the performance penalty of deriving keys at each encryption is insignificant for most uses.
Security Architecture in Gaia (2001)

Ubiquitous computing promotes physical spaces with hundreds of computational devices extending the user''s view of the computational environment beyond the physical limitations of a traditional distributed system. Gaia OS is a middleware operating system that makes the realization of such spaces a possibility. In any such environment Security and Privacy are primary concerns and mechanisms to solve them have to be built into the very core of the system so that their deployment is acceptable and feasible. In this paper we describe a security architecture for Gaia OS and Active Spaces. Our architecture provides dynamism and flexibility to manage the security concerns in such a computing systems.
miR-410 and miR-495 Are Dynamically Regulated in Diverse Cardiomyopathies and Their Inhibition Attenuates Pathological Hypertrophy (2016)

Noncoding RNAs have emerged as important modulators in cardiac development and pathological remodeling. Recently, we demonstrated that regulation of the Gtl2-Dio3 noncoding RNA locus is dependent on the MEF2 transcription factor in cardiac muscle, and that two of its encoded miRNAs, miR-410 and miR-495, induce robust cardiomyocyte proliferation. Given the possibility of manipulating the expression of these miRNAs to repair the damaged heart by stimulating cardiomyocyte proliferation, it is important to determine whether the Gtl2-Dio3 noncoding RNAs are regulated in cardiac disease and whether they function downstream of pathological cardiac stress signaling. Therefore, we examined expression of the above miRNAs processed from the Gtl2-Dio3 locus in various cardiomyopathies. These noncoding RNAs were upregulated in all cardiac disease models examined including myocardial infarction (MI) and chronic angiotensin II (Ang II) stimulation, and in the cardiomyopathies associated with muscular dystrophies. Consistent with these observations, we show that the Gtl2-Dio3 proximal promoter is activated by stress stimuli in cardiomyocytes and requires MEF2 for its induction. Furthermore, inhibiting miR-410 or miR-495 in stressed cardiomyocytes attenuated the hypertrophic response. Thus, the Gtl2-Dio3 noncoding RNA locus is a novel marker of cardiac disease and modulating the activity of its encoded miRNAs may mitigate pathological cardiac remodeling in these diseases.
Neuropsychological effects of interferon ?-1a in relapsing multiple sclerosis (2000)

Cognitive dysfunction is common in multiple sclerosis (MS), yet few studies have examined effects of treatment on neuropsychological (NP) performance. To evaluate the effects of interferon β-1a (IFNβ-1a, 30 μg administered intramuscularly once weekly [Avonex]) on cognitive function, a Comprehensive NP Battery was administered at baseline and week 104 to relapsing MS patients in the phase III study, 166 of whom completed both assessments. A Brief NP Battery was also administered at 6-month intervals. The primary NP outcome measure was 2-year change on the Comprehensive NP Battery, grouped into domains of information processing and learning/memory (set A), visuospatial abilities and problem solving (set B), and verbal abilities and attention span (set C). NP effects were most pronounced in cognitive domains vulnerable to MS: IFNβ-1a had a significant beneficial effect on the set A composite, with a favorable trend evident on set B. Secondary outcome analyses revealed significant between-group differences in slopes for Brief NP Battery performance and time to sustained deterioration in a Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test processing rate, favoring the IFNβ-1a group. These results support and extend previous observations of significant beneficial effects of IFNβ-1a for relapsing MS. Ann Neurol 2000;48:885–892
Subcarrier allocation schemes for multiuser OFDM systems (2005)

We consider the problem of subcarrier allocation to multiple users in a downlink OFDM access system. We study allocation schemes that provide varying degrees of tradeoff between (i) achieving throughput fairness among users, (ii) meeting tolerable latency requirements specified by the user applications, and (iii) achieving higher system capacity. The performance of the subcarrier allocation schemes is evaluated through simulation results.
Some monoclonal antibody reagents (C219 and JSB-1) to P-glycoprotein contain antibodies to blood group A carbohydrate determinants: a problem of quality control for immunohistochemical analysis. (1991)

Monoclonal antibodies (MAb) C219 and JSB-1 have been used extensively in the analysis of P-glycoprotein expression in normal and malignant tissues. This study demonstrates that some commercial lots of these MAb, even those supplied as purified immunoglobulins, contain contaminating anti-A blood group antibodies. In both sources of reagent, the antibody was specific for a particular A structure, known as repetitive or Type 3 A. These observations may account for earlier studies showing polymorphic variation in P-glycoprotein expression in epithelial tissues and an apparent correlation with the A blood type of the donor. Such reactivity can be eliminated by absorption of anti-P-glycoprotein reagents with A erythrocytes. These data re-emphasize the importance of evaluating MAb samples for unsuspected contaminating antibodies.
A General Strategy for the Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure Azetidines and Aziridines through Nickel‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling (2015)

In this communication, we report a straightforward synthesis of enantiomerically pure 2-alkyl azetidines. The protocol is based on a highly regioselective nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling of aliphatic organozinc reagents with an aziridine that features a tethered thiophenyl group. Activation by methylation transforms the sulfide into an excellent leaving group and triggers the formation of the 2-substituted azetidine core structure by cyclization. In addition, we have expanded this concept to the synthesis of enantiomerically pure, terminal alkyl aziridines. Coupling of a TMS-protected aziridine alcohol, followed by acidic work-up to remove the silyl group, provides 1,2-amino alcohol products that are readily cyclized to aziridines. Both of these sequences display excellent functional group tolerance and deliver the desired azetidine and aziridine products in good to excellent yields.
Fabrication of LED based Ultra Slim Optical Pointing Device (2010)

The Ultra Slim Optical Pointing Device (USOPD) is a slim optical mouse as an input device for the application of wireless portable personnel communication device like a smart phone. In this paper, we have fabricated optical components of GaN LED based USOPD. The USOPD consist of illumination optical components and imaging lens. LED beam shaping lens consisting of both aspheric lens and Fresnel facet successfully machined by Diamond Turning Machine (DTM). Additional V-shaped groove with refractive-reflective surfaces (VGRRS) for beam path banding was fabricated by bulk micromachining of silicon and the shadow effect in thermal evaporation. Fabrications of imaging lens, arrayed multilevel Fresnel lenses, were fabricated on electron beam lithography, FAB etching. The proposed optical components are extreme compactness as well as high optical efficiency, thereby applicable to the ultra slim optical system like USOPD.
Acute cholecystitis – early laparoskopic surgery versus antibiotic therapy and delayed elective cholecystectomy: ACDC-study (2007)

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00447304.
Pair-Generation of the Basal-Plane-Dislocation during Crystal Growth of SiC (2008)

4H-SiC was grown on 4H-SiC (1100) substrates by sublimation boule growth, and transmission electron microscopic investigation was carried out. Two basal-plane-dislocations in the same basal plane (the BPD pair), whose dislocation line extend toward the [1100] growth direction, were observed as aligned along [0001]. The density of the BPD pairs along [0001] was in the same order with that of the stacking faults in the sample. A threading screw-dislocation was observed in between aligned BPD pairs. It is proposed that the interaction between stacking faults and threading screw-dislocations on the grown surface generates the BPD pairs. Since a high density of stacking faults is inherent to the growth on the substrates perpendicular to (0001), keeping an atomically flat grown surface is important to prevent the generation of the threading screw-dislocations, and thus to suppress the generation of the BPD pairs in case of the growth on (1100) and/or (11 2 0) substrates.