gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kinetic studies of polymerization of propylene with active TiCl3–Zn(C2H5)2 (1966)

Abstract In order to elucidate the structure of the Ziegler‐Natta polymerization center, we have carried out some kinetic studies on the polymerization of propylene with active TiCl 3 —Zn(C 2 H 5 ) 2 in the temperature range of 25–56°C. and the Zn(C 2 H 5 ) 2 concentration range of 4 × 10 −3 –8 × 10 −2 mole/1., and compared the results with those obtained with active TiCl 3 —Al(C 2 H 5 ) 3 . The following differences were found: ( 1 ) the activation energy of the stationary rate of polymerization is 6.5 kcal/mole with Zn(C 2 H 5 ) 2 and 13.8 kcal./mole with Al(C 2 H 5 ) 3 ; ( 2 ) the growth rate of the polymer chains with Zn(C 2 H 5 ) 2 is about times slower at 43.5°C.; and ( 3 ) the polymerization centers formed with Zn(C 2 H 5 ) 2 are more unstable. It can be concluded that the structure of the polymerization center with Zn(C 2 H 5 ) 2 is different from that with Al(C 2 H 5 ) 3 .
Fabrication of optical ring resonators in silicon on insulator (2004)

In an effort to determine low-cost alternatives for components currently used in DWDM, optical ring resonators are currently being investigated. The well-known microfabrication techniques of silicon, coupled with the low propagation loss of single crystal silicon, make SOI an attractive material. Laterally coupled racetrack resonators utilising rib waveguides have been fabricated and preliminary results are discussed. An extinction ratio of 15.9 dB and a finesse of 11 have been measured.
X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy of Transition Metal-Magnesium Hydride Thin Films (2002)

No abstract prepared.
Development of the X’tal Cube PET Detector With Segments of (0.77 mm)3 (2018)

The depth-of-interaction detector which can identify gamma-ray detection position along the depth direction is essential for a PET scanner to reduce parallax error. The X'tal cube we have developed is composed of a scintillation crystal block segmented into cubes. Six arrays of multipixel photon counters (MPPCs) cover six surfaces of the crystal block. We developed the new X'tal cube consisting of 0.77 mm cubic segments. A (13.1 mm) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> LYSO crystal block had 3-D segmentation in a 17 × 17 × 17 array fabricated by the laser engraving technique. 4 × 4 MPPC arrays with a size of (13 mm) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> were used. Active area of each MPPC was (3.0 mm) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . To evaluate segment identification performance, we irradiated with gamma-rays from a <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">22</sup> Na source and obtained a 3-D position histogram made by the 3-D Anger-type calculation with all MPPC signals. The histogram showed 17 segments in a row can be identified clearly. Further, to measure its intrinsic spatial resolution with incident angles of 0° and 45°, gamma-rays in a fan-beam were irradiated and scanned onto the X'tal cube. Spatial resolutions of 0.74 ± 0.10 mm and 0.89 ± 0.10 mm were obtained by both scan experiments, respectively.
Effects of high frequency excitation on the behavior of a switched reluctance machine (2005)

A host of applications in the military, automotive and domestic fields require machines capable of operating at very high speeds. Such applications warrant excitation frequencies at the stator in the order of 10's of kilohertz. However use of such high frequencies generates an additional source of magnetomotive force in the stator and rotor of the machine. These sources are originated by eddy currents and are distributed throughout the machine according to skin effects. Eddy currents are harder to model numerically and consequently the effects of this phenomenon are often neglected in the design and control. However they are seen to have a direct impact on the co-energy of the system which in turn affects torque generation of the machine. This paper investigates the effect of high frequency excitation on the performance of a switched reluctance machine (SRM). The machine model has been simulated using a three dimensional transient finite element analysis and resultant change in torque and other output parameters has been investigated. Also observed were changes in key operating parameters like inductance and resistance. Preliminary experimental and theoretical results are included to validate our claims
Component-specific, cigarette particle deposition modeling in the human respiratory tract (2013)

Inhalation of cigarette smoke particles (CSP) leads to adverse health effects in smokers. Determination of the localized dose to the lung of the inhaled smoke aids in determining vulnerable sites, and identifying components of the smoke that may be responsible for the adverse effects; thus providing a roadmap for harm reduction of cigarette smoking. A particle deposition model specific to CSP was developed for the oral cavity and the lung by accounting for cigarette particle size growth by hygroscopicity, phase change and coagulation. In addition, since the cigarette puff enters the respiratory tract as a dense cloud, the cloud effect on particle drag and deposition was accounted for in the deposition model. Models of particle losses in the oral cavities were developed during puff drawing and subsequent mouth-hold. Cigarette particles were found to grow by hygroscopicity and coagulation, but to shrink as a result of nicotine evaporation. The particle size reached a plateau beyond which any disturbances in the environmental conditions caused the various mechanisms to balance each other out and the particle size remain stable. Predicted particle deposition considering the cloud effects was greater than when treated as a collection of non-interacting particles (i.e. no cloud effects). Accounting for cloud movement provided the necessary physical mechanism to explain the greater than expected, experimentally observed and particle deposition. The deposition model for CSP can provide the necessary input to determine the fate of inhaled CSP in the lung. The knowledge of deposition will be helpful for health assessment and identification and reduction of harmful components of CSP.
Die akustischen Übertragungseigenschaften von Lichtwellenleitern und deren Nutzbarkeit in der Medizintechnik (1994)

Article Die akustischen Übertragungseigenschaften von Lichtwellenleitern und deren Nutzbarkeit in der Medizintechnik was published on January 1, 1994 in the journal Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik (volume 39, issue s1).
Set estimation via ellipsoidal approximations (2002)

In most estimation and design problems, there exists more than one solution that satisfies all constraints. In this paper, we address the problem of estimating the complete set of feasible solutions. Multiple feasible solutions are frequently encountered in signal restoration, image reconstruction, array processing, system identification and filter design. An estimate of the size of the feasibility set can be utilized to quantitatively evaluate inclusion and effectiveness of added constraints. Further, set estimation can be used to determine a null feasibility set. We compute ellipsoidal approximations to the set of feasible solutions using a new ellipsoid algorithm and the method of analytic centers. Both algorithms admit multiple convex constraint sets with ease. Also, the algorithms provide a solution which is guaranteed to be in the interior of the feasibility set.
Cigarette smoking is strongly associated with mutation of the K-ras gene in patients with primary adenocarcinoma of the lung (2001)

The results of the current study confirm and extend previous observations that smokers with adenocarcinoma of the lung are more likely to have K-ras mutant tumors compared with nonsmokers. The strong link between cigarette smoking and K-ras mutations in adenocarcinoma of the lung supports the role of specific tobacco carcinogens in the etiology of this malignancy.
Correlation of Scar in Cardiac MRI and High‐Resolution Contact Mapping of Left Ventricle in a Chronic Infarct Model (2015)

Ultra-high resolution contact electroanatomical mapping accurately localizes ventricular scar and abnormal myocardial tissue in this chronic canine infarct model. The high fidelity electrograms provided clear identification of the very low amplitude ILPs within the scar tissue and has the potential to quickly identify targets for ablation.
Optimization of fuzzy systems (2002)

The paper discusses the problem of optimization of complex systems that are described by a fuzzy model. Conventional optimization philosophy used in nonlinear programming is replaced by an efficient procedure that is in the spirit of the theory of approximate reasoning. Our approach is based on the fact that the focal points of the rules approximate the extrema of the nonlinear mapping which is associated with a fuzzy model. As a result we obtain a simple algorithm for calculation of the "approximate" extrema of a fuzzy model. We also demonstrate how these "approximate" extrema can be used in the calculation of the true extrema of a fuzzy model.
Texturation of nanocrystalline CeO2-based materials in the presence of poly-γ-benzyl-l-glutamate (2004)

Cerium oxide-based materials with original textures have been obtained by using a polypeptide molecule: poly-γ-benzyl-L-glutamate (PBLG) as a template. Different types of inorganic precursors (cerium alkoxides or organically functionalised CeO2 nanoparticles) were used to modify the different interactions with the polypeptide template. Homogeneous macrotextures shaped with coral-like, helical or macroporous sieve morphologies are obtained. These latter, macroporous CeO2-based materials that keep the properties linked with the crystallinity of the particles can be produced both as gels and thin films with pores aligned perpendicularly to the surface.
Topotactic Interconversion of Nanoparticle Superlattices* (2020)

The directed assembly of nanoparticle building blocks is a promising method for generating sophisticated three-dimensional materials by design. In this work, we have used DNA linkers to synthesize nanoparticle superlattices that have greater complexity than simple 1082binary systems using the process of topotactic intercalation—the insertion of a third nanoparticle component at predetermined sites within a preformed binary lattice. Five distinct crystals were synthesized with this methodology, three of which have no equivalent in atomic or molecular crystals, demonstrating a general approach for assembling highly ordered ternary nanoparticle superlattices whose structures can be predicted before their synthesis. Additionally, the intercalation process was demonstrated to be completely reversible; the inserted nanoparticles could be expelled into solution by raising the temperature, and the ternary superlattice could be recovered by cooling.
Behaviour of [11C]R(−)‐ and [11C]S(+)‐rolipram in vitro and in vivo, and their use as PET radiotracers for the quantificative assay of PDE4 (2005)

Cyclic AMP (cAMP) is a continually produced nucleotide which is inactivated by hydrolysis to 5'AMP via phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) enzymes. Rolipram is a selective PDE4 inhibitor which exists in two enantiomeric forms, R(-) and S(+). Both of these enantiomers have previously been labelled with carbon-11 and used as positron emission tomography (PET) ligands for measuring PDE4 expression and function, and indirectly to explore the function of the cAMP second messenger, in vivo, using PET. The aim of these studies was to relate the in vitro affinities of the two rolipram enantiomers using standard pharmacological assays with the in vivo behaviour of the two enantiomers using PET. In vitro competition assays were performed using rat cortical membranes and [(3)H]R(-)- and [(3)H]S(+)-rolipram with increasing concentrations of either unlabelled R(-)- or S(+)-rolipram. In vivo, a series of PET studies were performed in the porcine brain using [(11)C]R(-)-rolipram with co-administration of increasing doses of either unlabelled R(-)- or S(+)-rolipram. Additional in vivo PET studies were performed using [(11)C]S(+)-rolipram with saturating doses of rolipram. In all studies, R(-)-rolipram exhibited a higher affinity for the PDE4 enzyme than S(+)-rolipram. The calculated affinity ratios were 7.97 from the in vitro studies; 12.5 from the in vivo studies using [(11)C]R(-)-rolipram; and 14.7 from the in vivo studies using [(11)C]S(+)-rolipram. To conclude, the in vitro affinities of R(-)- and S(+)-rolipram predict their apparent in vivo behaviour in the porcine brain, as measured by PET.
Pro‐hypertensive role for leukotriene B4 receptors in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (2008)

cDNA microarray analysis of the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) has indicated leukotriene B4 12‐hydroxydehydrogenase (LTB4 12‐HD) is down regulated in the spontaneous hypertensive rat (SHR) compared to its normotensive control (Wistar‐Kyoto or WKY; Waki et al. 2004; J.Physiol. 560P, PC6). As LTB4 12‐HD breaks down LTB4, we propose that it is up regulated in the NTS of the SHR, promoting vascular inflammation. To investigate the role of LTB4 receptors in the maintenance of the hypertension in the SHR, we have assessed whether systemic antagonism of LTB4 receptors has an anti‐hypertensive effect. In radio‐telemetered SHR, chronic oral administration of a LTB4 inhibitor (CP‐105696) was given in their drinking water (1 mg/ml in 1.25% DMSO). In all cases, a significant hypotensive effect of −13.2 ± 1.4 mmHg (P&lt;0.05, n=5) was seen 11 ± 1.6 days after administration. In contrast, inhibiting LTB4 receptors in WKY rats was ineffective (n=5). When vehicle (1.25% DMSO) alone was added to drinking water there was no change in arterial pressure (n=2). These data indicate that LTB4 receptor activation contributes to the hypertension in the SHR. Our finding is consistent with the notion that the hypertension in the SHR is dependent, in part, on inflammation of the vasculature, which may include that within NTS and other brain regions controlling vasomotor tone. British Heart Foundation funded research.
Fast piezoresistive sensor and UV photodetector based on Mn-doped ZnO nanorods (2014)

A low cost hydrothermal synthesis method to synthesize Mn-doped ZnO nanorods (NRs) with controllable morphology and structure has been developed. Ammonia is used to tailor the ammonium hydroxide concentration, which provides a source of OH– for hydrolysis and precipitation during the growth instead of HMT. The morphological, chemical composition, structural, and electronic structure studies of the Mn-doped ZnO NRs show that the Mn-doped ZnO NRs have a hexagonal wurtzite ZnO structure along the c-axis and the Mn ions replace the Zn sites in the ZnO NRs matrix without any secondary phase of metallic manganese element and manganese oxides observed. The fabricated PEDOT:PSS/Zn0.85Mn0.15O Schottky diode based piezoresistive sensor and UV photodetector shows that the piezoresistive sensor has pressure sensitivity of 0.00617 kPa–1 for the pressure range from 1 kPa to 20 kP and 0.000180 kPa–1for the pressure range from 20 kPa to 320 kPa with relatively fast response time of 0.03 s and the UV photodetector has both relatively high responsivity and fast response time of 0.065 A/W and 2.75 s, respectively. The fabricated Schottky diode can be utilized as a very useful human-friendly interactive electronic device for mass/force sensor or UV photodetector in everyday living life. This developed device is very promising for small-size, low-cost and easy-to-customize application-specific requirements. (© 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Y chromosome microchimerism in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (2011)

To identify the association of Y chromosome microchimerism with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and investigate its relation to pregnancy history, clinical and laboratory variables. The presence of Y chromosome microchimerism was screened in 90 females including 35 women with renal lupus, 25 patients with cutaneous lupus and 30 healthy control females using real time polymerase chain reaction. Demographic parameters, reproductive history, clinical and laboratory data were recorded. The percentage of Y chromosome microchimerism was significantly higher in SLE patients compared to healthy women and in females with renal lupus versus those with cutaneous lupus. Among patients with renal lupus, Y chromosome microchimerism was strongly associated with disease activity and damage indices as well as with number of pregnancies, while this association was absent regarding number of pregnancies in cutaneous lupus females. A significant increase in disease activity and severity scores was detected in microchimeric renal lupus females when compared to microchimeric cutaneous lupus patients. Healthy control and cutaneous lupus women with microchimerism experienced significant decrease in number of pregnancies and abortions against microchimeric renal lupus group. These results may provide a preliminary suggestion that Y chromosome microchimerism could have a pathogenic role in SLE and it may be related to inflammation, the extent of disease damage and reproductive history. Further studies are needed among SLE patients with different clinical presentations, as fetal microchimerism is a promising field of investigation which may lead to novel strategies in treatment.
Antenna deployment for 5G ultra high-density distributed antenna system at low SHF bands (2016)

In order to tackle rapidly increasing traffic, ultra high-density distributed antenna system (UHD-DAS) has been proposed for the fifth generation (5G) mobile communication systems. Unlike the 4G systems, UHD-DAS dynamically creates user-oriented virtual cells by cooperating lots of UHD distributed antennas, and thus it can drastically improve areal spectral efficiency. However, a design of antenna deployments for 5G higher capacity is important to determine key parameters such as a number of antenna elements per distributed transmission point (TP), proper distance between the transmission points, etc. This paper investigates an optimum design of the antenna deployments for 5G UHD-DAS as the appropriate number of TPs under fixed total transmission power and constant total number of antenna elements. Computer simulations show that UHD-DAS with 16 TPs can achieve higher area spectral efficiency more than 1.3 times in comparison with UHD-DAS with 4 TPs.
EFFECT OF OXYGENATED INTRAOCULAR IRRIGATION SOLUTIONS ON THE ELECTRORETINOGRAM AFTER VITRECTOMY (2007)

The use of oxygenated solutions appears to affect ERG readings after pars plana vitrectomy. Further studies to evaluate the role of oxygenated solutions in different vitreoretinal surgical procedures are warranted.
The organization of permutation architectures with bussed interconnections (1987)

This paper explores the problem of efficiently permuting data stored in VLSI chips in accordance with a predetermined set of permutations. By connecting chips with shared bus interconnections, as opposed to point-to-point interconnections, we show that the number of pins per chip can often be reduced. For example, for infinitely many n, we exhibit permutation architectures with ⌈√n⌉ pins per chip that can realize any of the n cyclic shifts on n chips in one clock tick. When the set of permutations forms a group with p elements, any permutation in the group can be realized in one clock tick by an architecture with O(√p lg p) pins per chip. When the permutation group is abelian, O(√p) pins suffice. These results are all derived from a mathematical characterization of uniform permutation architectures based on the combinatorial notion of a difference cover.
Mice are unable to endogenously regenerate podocytes during the repair of immunotoxin-induced glomerular injury (2013)

Podocytes are not replenished by proliferation of endogenous progenitor cells in mice with glomerular injury.
Improving minimum flow rate in wireless mesh networks by effective placement of directional antennas (2013)

For some time, directional antennas have been considered to solve connectivity and interference issues in wireless networks. Several scenarios have been presented and often the conclusions drawn are positive, showing increase in capacity. However, to date there has been no effort to assess a holistic picture of the benefit/cost tradeoff and previous work mainly concerns either link scheduling or antenna placement but not the two combined. Such consideration will become increasingly important in the near future with the advent of heterogeneous networks and other possible combinations of mesh and public access networks.
Second-Harmonic Generation in Poled Optical Fibres: Dynamics and Phasematching Techniques (1989)

The dynamics of pulsed and cw excitation poling in germanosilicate fibers are studied using a novel phasematching technique for second-harmonic generation.
Gut adaptation after gastric bypass in humans reveals metabolically significant shift in fuel metabolism (2022)

These data support a role for a direct effect of intestinal energy metabolism to contribute to the beneficial clinical effects of RYGB, suggesting that related pathways might be potential targets of therapeutic interest for patients with obesity with or without type 2 diabetes.
Dynamic nuclear magnetic resonance study of fluorine exchange in liquid sulfur tetrafluoride (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDynamic nuclear magnetic resonance study of fluorine exchange in liquid sulfur tetrafluorideWalter G. Klemperer, Jeanne K. Krieger, Michael D. McCreary, E. L. Muetterties, Daniel D. Traficante, and George M. WhitesidesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 24, 7023–7030Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1975https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00857a012RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views171Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (854 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts