gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of CO2 on a High Performance Hollow-Fiber Membrane for Natural Gas Purification (2010)

A 6FDA-based, cross-linkable polyimide was characterized in the form of a defect-free asymmetric hollow-fiber membrane. The novel membrane was cross-linked at various temperatures and tested for natural gas purification in the presence of high CO2 partial pressures. The cross-linked membrane material shows high intrinsic separation performance for CO2 and CH4 (selectivity ∼49, CO2 permeability ∼161 barrer, with a feed at 65 psia, 35 °C, and 10% CO2). Cross-linked asymmetric hollow-fiber membranes made from the material show good resistance to CO2-induced plasticization. Carbon dioxide partial pressures as high as ∼400 psia were employed, and the membrane was shown to be promisingly stable under these aggressive conditions. The performance of the membrane was also analyzed using the dual-mode sorption/transport model.
Laser beam relaying with phase-conjugate diffractive optical elements (1997)

A diffractive optical element is used to relay complex laser beam profiles by phase conjugation. It has the advantage over a conventional afocal system of avoiding light concentration at the intermediate focal point. Theoretical and experimental results show that the image quality is a function of alignment errors and mode-size changes. When the optical system is within the calculated tolerances, the diffractive optic reproduces images of high quality.
A Comparative Study on the Influence of Chromium on the Phase Fraction and Elemental Distribution in As-Cast High Chromium Cast Irons: Simulation vs. Experimentation (2019)

The excellent abrasion resistance of high chromium cast irons (HCCIs) stems from the dispersion of the hard iron-chromium eutectic carbides. The surrounding matrix on the other hand, provides sufficient mechanical support, improving the resistance to cracking deformation and spalling. Prior knowledge of the microstructural characteristics is imperative to appropriately design subsequent heat treatments, and in this regard, employing computational tools is the current trend. In this work, computational and experimental results were correlated with the aim of validating the usage of MatCalc simulations to predict the eutectic carbide phase fraction and the elemental distribution in two HCCI alloys, in the as-cast condition. Microstructural observations were carried out using optical microscopy and SEM. The chemical composition and fraction of each phase was measured by electron probe microanalysis and image analysis, respectively. In all cases, the values predicted by the pseudo-equilibrium diagrams, computed with MatCalc, were in accordance with the experimentally determined values. Consequently, the results suggest that time and resource intensive experimental procedures can be replaced by simulation techniques to determine the phase fraction and especially, the individual phase compositions in the as-cast state.
Towards a Forensic Analysis for Multimedia Communication Services (2011)

No matter how robust the employed security mechanisms are malicious users or attackers will always find a way to bypass them. In addition, National Institute of Security and Technology mentions "In conjunction with appropriate tools & procedures, audit trail can assist in detecting security violation and flaws in applications". Until now, in Multimedia Communication Services (MCS), such as Voice over IP, audit trails are not utilized in security audits due to (a) the lack of the appropriate analysis tools and (b) privacy restrictions. In this paper we report on the analysis of MCS audit trail by employing a novel method for identifying "uncommon" traffic indicating non normal behaviour that does not violate users' privacy. We rely on entropy theory and the notion of "itself information" to quantify the randomness of specific message segments, and we also introduce the term "actual itself information" for the assessment of entire message randomness. To protect users' privacy we hash audit trail's data. For evaluating the applicability of our proposed method we utilize an audit trail of a real MCS provider published by honey pot project. Initial outcomes show the feasibility of employing such a method to recognize "uncommon" traffic, recorded in MCS audit trail.
Optimizing the FEC Overhead in a 100 GbE PDM-QPSK Digital Coherent Transmission System (2011)

The finite electrical bandwidth of digital coherent transceivers together with limited wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) channel spacing constrains the maximum forward error correction (FEC) overhead that can be advantageously applied to fiber optic transmission systems. We investigate through simulations of a 100 GbE system employing coherent polarization division multiplexed quaternary phase shift keying, the impact of these bandwidth constraints on the optimal code rate thereby minimizing the required optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) at the receiver. The optimum FEC overhead is found to increase linearly with available bandwidth and the required OSNR is found to reduce for lower order transponder filters. Fabrication of transmitters with a broader spectral response than their receiver counterpart is found to be advantageous. The optimum electrical bandwidth is found to be approximately half the WDM channel spacing for nonreturn to zero (NRZ) transmission and slightly less for return to zero (RZ). There is shown to be no performance advantage in using RZ over NRZ modulation formats when the optimum FEC overhead and filter bandwidth is employed in each case. Nonlinear simulations demonstrate that transpacific transmission is attainable with a margin that increases as the spectral efficiency is relaxed.
Development and Characterization of a long-acting Nanoformulated Abacavir Prodrug (2016)

MABC synthesis and encasement in polymeric nanoformulations improved intracellular drug accumulation and demonstrate translational potential as part of a long-acting antiretroviral regimen.
ChemInform Abstract: POLAR EFFECTS IN FREE RADICAL REACTIONS. A NEW TYPE OF HOMOLYTIC AROMATIC ALKYLATION BY SILVER‐CATALYZED OXIDATION OF ACETONE BY PEROXYDISULFATE IN THE PRESENCE OF OLEFINS (1983)

Abstract Salze von Heteroaromaten (I) liefern in Gegenwart von Aceton (II) und Olefinen (III) bei der Silber‐katalysierten Oxidation‐mit Peroxydisulfat über radikalische Zwischenstufen die Addukte (IV) neben Acetylverbindungen (V) und Alkoholen (VI).
Thorax (2003)

Unterlappen apikal anterior posterior lateral medial supenor medio-basal anterio-basal latero-basal posterio-basal apiko-posterior anterior supenor inferior
An Expectation-Maximization Approach to Tuning Generalized Vector Approximate Message Passing (2018)

Generalized Vector Approximate Message Passing (GVAMP) is an efficient iterative algorithm for approximately minimum-mean-squared-error estimation of a random vector $\mathbf{x}\sim p_{\mathbf{x}}(\mathbf{x})$ from generalized linear measurements, i.e., measurements of the form $\mathbf{y}=Q(\mathbf{z})$ where $\mathbf{z}=\mathbf{Ax}$ with known $\mathbf{A}$, and $Q(\cdot)$ is a noisy, potentially nonlinear, componentwise function. Problems of this form show up in numerous applications, including robust regression, binary classification, quantized compressive sensing, and phase retrieval. In some cases, the prior $p_{\mathbf{x}}$ and/or channel $Q(\cdot)$ depend on unknown deterministic parameters $\boldsymbolθ$, which prevents a direct application of GVAMP. In this paper we propose a way to combine expectation maximization (EM) with GVAMP to jointly estimate $\mathbf{x}$ and $\boldsymbolθ$. We then demonstrate how EM-GVAMP can solve the phase retrieval problem with unknown measurement-noise variance.
Influence of Microencapsulation on the Stability and Reactivity of 2,4,6-Triphenylpyrylium Tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)gallate as a Cationic Photoinitiator (2002)

2,4,6-Triphenylpyrylium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)gallate (TPPGa) was synthesized and studied as a visible light cationic photoinitiator. TPPGa was encapsulated in polystyrene to increase thermal stability, and the microparticles obtained were characterized with scanning electron microscopy and laser scanning confocal microscopy. The properties of the microencapsulated initiator were investigated.
Interaction of ethylaluminum dichloride with organic nitrogen and phosphorus compounds in three‐component polyolefin catalysts (1965)

Abstract The chemistry of three‐component coordination catalysts for the polymerization of α‐olefins is very complex. The present investigation was initiated to elucidate the chemistry involved in the interaction of third‐component compounds such as hexamethylphosphoric triamide, tributylamine, triphenylphosphine, or dimethylformamide with ethylaluminum dichloride. The present chemical and spectral data demonstrate that ethylaluminum dichloride and third‐component compounds form stable complexes even at temperatures up to 100°C. in the absence of solvents or in homogeneous solutions. These data are in agreement with the fact that organoaluminum compounds form stable complexes with a variety of electron‐donor compounds. The ethylaluminum dichloride third‐component complexes in combination with titanium(III) chloride produce highly stereospecific catalysts for the polymerization of α‐olefins.
S-Vinyl Sulfide-Derived Pendant-Type Sulfone/Phenoxazine-Based Polymers Exhibiting Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence: Synthesis and Photophysical Property Characterization (2020)

Pendant sulfone/phenoxazine-based homo- and copolymers were synthesized via the radical (co)polymerization of 4-bromophenyl vinyl sulfide (BPVS) and styrene (St) followed by oxidation of the thus-produced sulfides, P(BPVS) and P(BPVS-r-St)s, to the corresponding sulfones and Pd-catalyzed coupling with phenoxazine-substituted phenyl boronate ester (PXZPhBpin) to afford P(PVSO2-PhPXZ) and P(PVSO2-PhPXZ-r-St)s, respectively. The prepared homo- and copolymers, featuring a π-conjugated phenylene unit between the electron-accepting sulfone (SO2) unit and the electron-donating phenyl phenoxazine (PhPXZ) unit in their side chains, exhibited thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and were used to fabricate organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The device with spin-coated P(PVSO2-PhPXZ) as an emitting layer showed a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of 1.0%, whereas that with an emitting layer of spin-coated 75 mol %-St P(PVSO2-PhPXZ-r-St) exhibited efficient bluish-green emission with EQEmax = 4.1%. The presented design strategy allows one to manipulate the polarity and electrochemical properties of pendant units as well as design molecular structures with suitable spacers between donor and acceptor units in the TADF side chain, thus helping to achieve the desired (opto)electronic properties. Thus, this work significantly extends the range of nonconjugated TADF polymers and paves the way for the fabrication of next-generation OLEDs.
VLSI Architecture: Past, Present, and Future (1998)

This paper examines the impact of VLSI technology on the evolution of computer architecture and projects the future of this evolution.We see that over the past 20 years, the increased density of VLSI chips was applied to close the gap between microprocessors and high-end CPUs.Today this gap is fully closed and adding devices to uniprocessors is well beyond the point of diminishing returns.To continue to convert the increasing density of VLSI to computer performance we see little alternative to building multicomputers.We sketch the architecture of a VLSI multicomputer constructed from c. 2009 processor-DRAM chips and outline some of the challenges involved in building such a system.We suggest that the software transition from sequential processors to such fine-grain multicomputers can be eased by using the multicomputer as the memory system of a conventional computer.
Characterization of Wild-Type and F508 Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Regulator in Human Respiratory Epithelia (2020)

Previous studies in native tissues have produced conflicting data on the localization and metabolic fate of WT and ΔF508 cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) in the lung. Combining immunocytochemical and biochemical studies utilizing new high-affinity CFTR mAbs with ion transport assays, we examined both 1) the cell type and region specific expression of CFTR in normal airways and 2) the metabolic fate of ΔF508 CFTR and associated ERM proteins in the cystic fibrosis lung. Studies of lungs from a large number of normal subjects revealed that WT CFTR protein localized to the apical membrane of ciliated cells within the superficial epithelium and gland ducts. In contrast, other cell types in the superficial, gland acinar, and alveolar epithelia expressed little WT CFTR protein. No ΔF508 CFTR mature protein or function could be detected in airway specimens freshly excised from a large number of ΔF508 homozygous subjects, despite an intact ERM complex. In sum, our data demonstrate that WT CFTR is predominantly expressed in ciliated cells, and ΔF508 CFTR pathogenesis in native tissues, like heterologous cells, reflects loss of normal protein processing.
Site of airway obstruction: effects on the acoustic impedance of excised pig lungs (1988)

We investigated the relationship between the site of airway obstruction and the frequency dependence (FD) of lung acoustic impedance (ZL). The real (RL) and imaginary (XL) parts of ZL were measured by forced random noise in excised left pig lungs, before (base line) and after 1) no airway obstruction (controls, n = 10), 2) insufflation of 1-mm (B1, n = 5) or 2-mm (B2, n = 7) beads, and 3) partial reversible obstruction of lower lobar (LL) and then main-stem (MS) bronchus (n = 4). The beads caused both partial and total obstruction of airways with internal diameters of 2 mm (B1) and 2-6 mm (B2). Compared with base line, a negative FD of RL appeared from 4 to 10 Hz in LL, B1, and B2 obstructions. The FD of XL greater than 20 Hz increased in MS and LL obstruction exclusively and was the ZL feature that most clearly differentiated central from peripheral obstruction. In this experimental model, the anatomic limit distal from which obstruction no longer causes the "central" type of ZL change lies in airways with internal diameters notably greater than 2 mm.
Radar cross section statistics of dismounts at Ku-band (2011)

Knowing the statistical characteristics of a target's radar cross-section (RCS) is crucial to the success of radar target
detection algorithms. A wide range of applications currently exist for dismount (i.e. human body) detection and
monitoring using ground-moving target indication (GMTI) radar systems. Dismounts are particularly challenging to
detect. Their RCS is orders of magnitude lower than traditional GMTI targets, such as vehicles. Their velocity of about 0
to 1.5 m/s is also much slower than vehicular targets. Studies regarding the statistical nature of the RCS of dismounts
focus primarily on simulations or very limited empirical data at specific frequencies. This paper seeks to enhance the
existing body of work on dismount RCS statistics at Ku-band, which is currently lacking, and has become an important
band for such remote sensing applications. We examine the RCS probability distributions of different sized humans in
various stances, across aspect and elevation angle, for horizontal (HH) and vertical (VV) transmit/receive polarizations,
and at diverse resolutions, using experimental data collected at Ku-band. We further fit Swerling target models to the
RCS distributions and suggest appropriate detection thresholds for dismounts in this band.
A Sugar Cloak of Invisibility (2019)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEViewpointNEXTA Sugar Cloak of InvisibilityAbraham J. WaldmanAbraham J. WaldmanDepartment of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United StatesMore by Abraham J. Waldmanhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-4633-4415 and Carolyn R. Bertozzi*Carolyn R. BertozziDepartment of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United StatesHoward Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States*E-mail: [email protected]More by Carolyn R. Bertozzihttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-4482-2754Cite this: Biochemistry 2019, 58, 19, 2385–2386Publication Date (Web):May 1, 2019Publication History Received28 February 2019Published online1 May 2019Published inissue 14 May 2019https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00170https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00170editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2019 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views4502Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (466 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Antigens,Bacteria,Biopolymers,Immunology,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Characterization ofYb3+171:YVO4for photonic quantum technologies (2018)

Rare-earth ion crystals are a promising platform for implementing solid-state quantum interfaces, yet there are few combinations of rare-earth and host crystals that simultaneously deliver large optical absorption, narrow inhomogeneous linewidths, and long coherence times. This work investigates the optical and spin properties of ${}^{171}$Yb${}^{3+}$ ions in YVO${}_{4}$. The observed properties and simple energy-level structure of the ${}^{171}$Yb${}^{3+}$ ion show that this material has significant potential for creating efficient quantum interfaces, such as ensemble-based memories, microwave-to-optical transducers, and optically addressable single rare-earth ion spin qubits.
Interface‐Regulated Contact Electrification for Power‐Free and Highly Selective Gas Sensing (2019)

The detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is critical in various applications, e.g., medical care, environmental monitoring, public security, agriculture, the food industry, etc., requiring high sensitivity, good selectivity, fast response/recovery, multivariate data treatment, anti‐interferon, and wide tolerance of gas temperature. Herein, taking advantage of the interface inside the composite thin film of contact electrification‐based sensors, a “fill two needs with one deed” strategy is successfully demonstrated and developed to selectively detect VOCs without a power source, which may shed a new light on VOCs' sensing in the future sensor network.
Recovery from AA amyloidosis-cardiomyopathy complexed with unicentric Castleman disease (2022)

We report a case of cardiac amyloid A (AA) amyloidosis due to unicentric Castleman disease (UCD) in a patient whose cardiac function was restored 15 years after surgical resection of the mesenteric lymph node lesion. A man in his 40s had recurrent palpitations and fainting spells. ECG revealed <i>torsades de pointes</i> Increased C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and serum AA levels, and marked concentric thickening of the left ventricular (LV) wall with diastolic restrictive filling pattern were observed. Duodenal biopsy revealed AA amyloid deposits. He had a mesenteric tumour, comprising many plasma cells. He was diagnosed with plasma cell-type UCD associated with secondary AA amyloidosis. C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and serum AA levels were normalised 2 months postresection. Episodes of lethal ventricular arrhythmias decreased. LV wall thickness was gradually reduced. Approximately 15 years postresection, the LV wall thickness nearly normalised and ventricular arrhythmias disappeared. Better outcomes are expected following surgical tumour resection.
Optical interconnects for commodity silicon technologies (1997)

Summary form only given. The concept of a manufacturable technology that can provide parallel optical interconnects directly to a VLSI circuit now appears to be a reality. The development of such optoelectronic-VLSI technology and its compatibility with submicron CMOS technology, is discussed by the author.
Synthesis with zerovalent nickel. Coupling of alkenyl halides with bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene)nickel(0) (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis with zerovalent nickel. Coupling of alkenyl halides with bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene)nickel(0)M. F. Semmelhack, P. M. Helquist, and J. D. GorzynskiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 26, 9234–9236Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1972https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00781a048RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views569Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (409 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Graphene electro-absorption modulators integrated at wafer-scale in a CMOS fab (2021)

We demonstrate graphene electro-absorption modulators (EAM) integrated on 300mm wafers. The integration is based on imec’s 300mm silicon photonics platform and the full integration sequence is using standard CMOS production tools expect for the 6-inch CVD graphene growth and transfer, transferred by Graphenea. 164x TE EAMs were measured per wafer and demonstrate 90% yield with modulation efficiency (ME) of 41±5.6 dB/mm for 8V voltage swing, after process optimization. The 3dB bandwidth of the EAMs is 14.9±1.2 GHz for the device with 50µm active length. Both parameters show comparable performance with lab-based devices, obtained on coupons using similar CVD graphene. This work paves the way to enable high-volume manufacturing of 2D-material-based photonics devices.
Wafer Bonding and Layer Transfer Approach for Strained Silicon-On-Insulator (sSOI) Fabrication (2006)

Abstract not Available.