gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of the Drying Defects Left by Residual Ultra-Pure Water Droplets on Silicon Substrate (2012)

Evaporation of sessile droplets with a small contact angle (below 90°) is studied here extensively on silicon substrates. We focused our work on the origin of the creation of watermarks on silicon wafers. A thorough understanding of droplet evaporation is of vital importance for examining the drying rate, the flow patterns observed inside drying drops, and the residual deposits. The concentration of each potential dissolved species (e.g. silica or silicic acid) can also be predicted and confronted to their solubility. We developed a theoretical model to predict the evaporation rate and the behavior of millimetric droplets taking into account the characteristics of the ambient and the substrate during the drying process. We discuss also the topology of watermarks on silicon wafers in the case of a predominant evaporation phenomenon.
Morphological Behavior Bridging the Symmetric AB and ABC States in the Poly(styrene-b-isoprene-b-ethylene oxide) Triblock Copolymer System (2001)

We report on the characterization of the morphological behavior expressed between the symmetric AB diblock and ABC triblock copolymer states. Experimentally, a gradual transformation between these states was achieved through systematic addition of PEO to a single symmetric PS−PI diblock copolymer (MW ∼ 18 800 g/mol), resulting in a series of 10 poly(styrene-b-isoprene-b-ethylene oxide) triblock copolymers varying only in the amount of PEO added. Final compositions ranged from 2.9 to 33.2 vol % (experimentally symmetric) PEO, with the remaining volume necessarily divided equally between the PS and PI segments. The molecular weight of the parent diblock was chosen such that resulting triblocks would undergo order−disorder transitions (ODTs) at experimentally accessible temperatures over much of the composition range studied. Our results focus on the detection and characterization of six morphologies observed to form between these two symmetric states and some of the kinetic and directional (heating vs cooling) characteristics of two thermally induced order−order transitions (OOTs) observed. We conclusively identify the formation of two- and three-domain lamellar structures, hexagonally packed core−shell cylinders, and the pentacontinuous core−shell gyroid morphology and speculate on probable assignments for two untypical structures also observed. Finally, we discuss some of the general behavior characteristics of this system in terms of their dependence on block connectivity and χ interaction parameter sequencing.
Larger-than-memory data management on modern storage hardware for in-memory OLTP database systems (2016)

In-memory database management systems (DBMSs) outperform disk-oriented systems for on-line transaction processing (OLTP) workloads. But this improved performance is only achievable when the database is smaller than the amount of physical memory available in the system. To overcome this limitation, some in-memory DBMSs can move cold data out of volatile DRAM to secondary storage. Such data appears as if it resides in memory with the rest of the database even though it does not.
Minimum Loss Operation and Optimal Design of High-Frequency Inductors for Defined Core and Litz Wire (2020)

This paper studies the loss-optimal design of a power inductor employed in a 2 kW, 400 V input DC-DC converter. The design of an inductor is subject to a large number of design parameters and the implications of the different design parameters on the losses are often not clearly traceable in a full optimization, e.g., different current ripple amplitudes can lead to designs with similar losses, as larger ripple amplitudes lead to increased AC core and winding losses but lower DC losses in the winding due to lower inductance values and/or numbers of turns. In an effort to achieve a comprehensible description of the implications of the key design parameters (switching frequency, f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> , current ripple, r, number of turns, N) on the losses, the remaining parameters, e.g., core (E55/28/21 N87) and type of conductor (litz wire), are considered to be given. In a first step, the investigation is based on a simplified analytical model, which is refined in a step-by-step manner, e.g., to consider core saturation. In a second step, the implications of further critical aspects on the losses, e.g., temperatures of core and coil, are examined using a comprehensive semi-numerical model. Surprisingly, the evaluation of the losses calculated in the f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> -r domain reveals that nearly minimum inductor losses are obtained for a current ripple that is inversely proportional to the frequency, i.e., for a constant inductance, within a wide frequency range, from 200 kHz to 1 MHz. Furthermore, the investigation reveals a decrease of the losses for increasing frequencies up to 375 kHz, e.g., from 4.32 W at 80 kHz (r = 110 %) to 2.37 W at 375 kHz (r = 18 %). The detailed analysis related to these results enables the compilation of a simple two-equation guide for the design of an inductor that achieves close to minimum losses. In a next step, interesting trade-offs are identified based on a study of the design space diversity, e.g., with respect to low cost and increased partial-load efficiency. The findings of this work are experimentally verified, i.e., the losses of three different inductors are measured with an accurate calorimetric method and at four different frequencies, ranging from 150 kHz to 700 kHz.
Numerical flow modeling of power plant windboxes (1995)

Numerical flow modeling has become an increasingly important design and analysis tool for improving the air distribution to power plant burners. Uniform air distribution allows the burners to perform as designed to achieve the lowest possible emissions and best fuel burn-out. Modifications can be made internal to the existing windbox to improve the burner-to-burner and burner peripheral air distributions. These modifications can include turning vanes, flow splitters, perforated plate, and burner shrouding. Numerical modeling allows the analysis of design trade-offs between adding flow resistance, fan power, and windbox modification construction cost. Numerical modeling has advantages over physical modeling in that actual geometric scales and air temperatures are used. Advantages over a field data based study include the ability to quickly and cheaply analyze a variety of design options without actually modifying the windbox, and the availability of significantly more data with which to interpret the results. Costs to perform a numerical study are generally one-half to one-third of the cost to perform a physical flow model and can be one-forth of the cost to perform a field study. The continued development of affordable, high speed, large memory workstations and reliable, commercially available computation fluid dynamics (CFD) software allows practical analysesmore » of power plant windboxes. This paper discusses (1) the impact of air distribution on burner performance, (2) the methodology used to perform numerical flow modeling of power plant windboxes, and (3) the results from several windbox analyses including available post-modification observations.« less
Rifaximin for the treatment of active pouchitis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study (2007)

Clinical remission occurred more frequently in patients treated with rifaximin 400 mg 3 times daily but the difference was not significant in this pilot study. A larger trial would be required to determine if rifaximin is effective for the treatment of active pouchitis. Rifaximin was well tolerated.
Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis: baseline characteristics of patients in the NEURO-TTR trial (2018)

<b>Background:</b> Hereditary transthyretin (ATTRm) amyloidosis is a rare, progressive and fatal disease with a range of clinical manifestations. <b>Objective:</b> This study comprehensively evaluates disease characteristics in a large, diverse cohort of patients with ATTRm amyloidosis. <b>Methods:</b> Adult patients (<i>N</i> = 172) with Stage 1 or Stage 2 ATTRm amyloidosis who had polyneuropathy were screened and enrolled across 24 investigative sites and 10 countries in the NEURO-TTR trial (www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01737398). Medical and disease history, quality of life, laboratory data, and clinical assessments were analyzed. <b>Results:</b> The NEURO-TTR patient population was diverse in age, disease severity, TTR mutation, and organ involvement. Twenty-seven different TTR mutations were present, with Val30Met being the most common (52%). One third of patients reported early onset disease (before age 50) and the average duration of neuropathy symptoms was 5.3 years. Symptoms affected multiple organs and systems, with nearly 70% of patients exhibiting broad involvement of weakness, sensory loss, and autonomic disturbance. Over 60% of patients had cardiomyopathy, with highest prevalence in the United States (72%) and lowest in South America/Australasia (33%). Cardiac biomarker NT-proBNP correlated with left ventricular wall thickness (p <b>Conclusions:</b> Baseline data from the NEURO-TTR trial demonstrates ATTRm amyloidosis as a systemic disease with deficits in multiple organs and body systems, leading to decreased quality of life. We report concomitant presentation of polyneuropathy and cardiomyopathy in most patients, and early involvement of multiple body systems.
On Safety in Discretionary Access Control (2005)

An apparently prevailing myth is that safety is undecidable in discretionary access control (DAC); therefore, one needs to invent new DAC schemes in which safety analysis is decidable. In this paper we dispel this myth. We argue that DAC should not be equated with the Harrison-Ruzzo-Ullman (1976) access matrix scheme, in which safety is undecidable. We present an efficient (running time cubic in its input size) algorithm for deciding safety in the Graham-Denning (1972) DAC scheme, which subsumes the DAC schemes used in the literature on comparing DAC with other access control models. We also counter several claims made in recent work by Solworth and Sloan (2004), in which the authors present a new access control scheme based on labels and relabelling and assert that it can implement the full range of DAC models. We present a precise characterization of their access control scheme and show that it does not adequately capture a relatively simple DAC scheme.
On the Stability of Liquid Nanodroplets in Polymerizable Miniemulsions (2002)

ABSTRACT Liquid nanodroplets within a size range of 50 to 500 nm can easily be prepared by shearing a system containing oil, water and a surfactant. The growth of the nanodroplets can effectively be suppressed by using a strong hydrophobe as an additivie to the oil and an effective surfactant. The hydrophobe acts as an osmotic agent which stabilizes the system against Ostwald ripening. The growth of the droplets by collision is controlled by the density of the surfactant layer. Freshly prepared miniemulsions are “critically stabilized” and show a slow, but pronounced growth, whereas a miniemulsion in “equilibrium” exhibits constant droplet size on longer time scales. Polymerization of the oil droplets of such miniemulsions turns out to be very promising and extends the possibilities of classical emulsion polymerization. Since each droplet can be considered a small reactor in which polymerization reactions take place, the process allows one to create new particle structures, e.g. polyaddition reactions can take advantage of unusual monomers, the incorporation of materials which are not soluble in the continuous phase, and the formation of nanocapsules.
Colloidal Synthesis of 1T-WS2 and 2H-WS2 Nanosheets: Applications for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution (2014)

In recent years, a lot of attention has been devoted to monolayer materials, in particular to transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). While their growth on a substrate and their exfoliation are well developed, the colloidal synthesis of monolayers in solution remains challenging. This paper describes the development of synthetic protocols for producing colloidal WS2 monolayers, presenting not only the usual semiconducting prismatic 2H-WS2 structure but also the less common distorted octahedral 1T-WS2 structure, which exhibits metallic behavior. Modifications of the synthesis method allow for control over the crystal phase, enabling the formation of either 1T-WS2 or 2H-WS2 nanostructures. We study the factors influencing the formation of the two WS2 nanostructures, using X-ray diffraction, microscopy, and spectroscopy analytical tools to characterize them. Finally, we investigate the integration of these two WS2 nanostructured polymorphs into an efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution system to compare their behavior.
Post-translational covalent assembly of CAR and synNotch receptors for programmable antigen targeting (2023)

Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) and synthetic Notch (synNotch) receptors are engineered cell-surface receptors that sense a target antigen and respond by activating T cell receptor signaling or a customized gene program, respectively. Here, to expand the targeting capabilities of these receptors, we develop "universal" receptor systems for which receptor specificity can be directed post-translationally via covalent attachment of a co-administered antibody bearing a benzylguanine (BG) motif. A SNAPtag self-labeling enzyme is genetically fused to the receptor and reacts with BG-conjugated antibodies for covalent assembly, programming antigen recognition. We demonstrate that activation of SNAP-CAR and SNAP-synNotch receptors can be successfully targeted by clinically relevant BG-conjugated antibodies, including anti-tumor activity of SNAP-CAR T cells in vivo in a human tumor xenograft mouse model. Finally, we develop a mathematical model to better define the parameters affecting universal receptor signaling. SNAP receptors provide a powerful strategy to post-translationally reprogram the targeting specificity of engineered cells.
Bit-Error-Rate Characterization of Silicon Four-Wave-Mixing Wavelength Converters at 10 and 40 Gb/s (2008)

We present the first bit-error-rate characterization of silicon four-wave-mixing wavelength converters. Power penalties below 0.5 dB are demonstrated over a 20-nm EDFA-limited wavelength range at 10 Gb/s, while 40-Gb/s measurements yield a 2.4-dB power penalty.
Interactions of Dimethoxy Ethane with Li2O2 Clusters and Likely Decomposition Mechanisms for Li–O2 Batteries (2013)

One of the major problems facing the successful development of Li–O2 batteries is the decomposition of nonaqueous electrolytes, where the decomposition can be chemical or electrochemical during discharge or charge. In this paper, the decomposition pathways of dimethoxy ethane (DME) by the chemical reaction with the major discharge product, Li2O2, are investigated using theoretical methods. The computations were carried out using small Li2O2 clusters as models for potential sites on Li2O2 surfaces. Both hydrogen and proton abstraction mechanisms were considered. The computations suggest that the most favorable decomposition of ether solvents occurs on certain sites on the lithium peroxide surfaces involving hydrogen abstraction followed by reaction with oxygen, which leads to oxidized species such as aldehydes and carboxylates as well as LiOH on the surface of the lithium peroxide. The most favorable site is a Li–O–Li site that may be present on small nanoparticles or as a defect site on a surface. The decomposition route initiated by the proton abstraction from the secondary position of DME by the singlet cluster (O–O site) requires a much larger enthalpy of activation, and subsequent reactions may require the presence of oxygen or superoxide. Thus, pathways involving proton abstraction are less likely than that involving hydrogen abstraction. This type of electrolyte decomposition (electrolyte with hydrogen atoms) may influence the cell performance including the crystal growth, nanomorphologies of the discharge products, and charge overpotential.
Preparation of ditungsten hexakis(2,6-dimethylphenoxide) and its reaction with acetylenes to give tungstenacyclobutadiene complexes (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of ditungsten hexakis(2,6-dimethylphenoxide) and its reaction with acetylenes to give tungstenacyclobutadiene complexesI. A. Latham, L. R. Sita, and R. R. SchrockCite this: Organometallics 1986, 5, 7, 1508–1510Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1986https://doi.org/10.1021/om00138a039RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views163Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (424 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Experimental Comparison of Uniform and Probabilistically Shaped PAM-8 for IMDD System at Transmission Rates Beyond 200 Gbit/s (2021)

We have experimentally shown that probabilistically shaped PAM-8 improves receiver sensitivity by more than 1 dB compared with regular PAM-8 for data rates beyond 200 Gbit/s.
Automatic Work Progress Recognition based on Product Status Estimation Using Deep Learning (2022)

従来、組立工程の作業進捗把握は人手に依存しており、作業性や生産性を低下させてしまう課題があった。本報告では、作業映像から深層学習を用いて作業対象の製品状態を推定し、作業進捗を自動で抽出する手法を提案する。実際の組立工程を対象に提案手法を適用したところ、製品状態の推定精度が90%を超え、製品状態の推定結果を基にした作業進捗の推定結果が十分な精度であることを確認した。
Correlation of cylinder pressure–based engine noise metrics to measured microphone data (2014)

Peak pressure rise rate, ringing intensity, and combustion noise analysis are typically cited measures of the noise generated by combustion in an internal combustion engine. In this publication, peak pressure rise rate, ringing intensity, and the combustion noise calculation results are compared to microphone data over a wide range of engine operating conditions for one gasoline and one diesel engine. Multiple methods for calculation of peak pressure rise rate are explored, including the use of different time steps for gradient calculation, calculation of weighted gradients, application of various digital filters, and ensemble averaging of the pressure signal. The value of peak pressure rise rate was found to vary substantially depending on the data processing method used. Similar sensitivity to the data processing method was observed with ringing intensity. Combustion noise analysis provided the best correlation to microphone noise, especially at lower speeds where engine noise is dominated by combustion noise rather than mechanical noise. No correlation between crank angle based peak pressure rise rate and microphone data was found. The correlation between ringing intensity and microphone noise was very similar to the correlation between time-based peak pressure rise rate and microphone data. The correlation between ringing intensity and microphone noise (and between time-based peak pressure rise rate and microphone noise) was highly dependent on the method used to calculate the peak pressure rise rate. A method and a MATLAB function for calculating combustion noise for simulation data are provided in this study.
Continuum Mechanical Model of the Outer Hair Cell (2011)

Knowledge of the mechanical properties of the outer hair cell (OHC) is essential for understanding its electromechanical action. To provide insight into underlying mechanics, we developed a finite-element-model of the OHC. The model contains both an intracellular viscous fluid and a homogeneous shell-like structure for the basolateral wall, including anisotropic viscoelastic material properties. We found that the viscosity of the intracellular fluid could not yield the frequency dependent behaviour of the measured impedance. Shear viscosity needed to be included in the basolateral wall to obtain an adequate representation. The required value of the dynamic viscosity is on the order of 10 3 mPas and, therefore, 1000 fold higher than for water. Furthermore, changing the compressibility of the basolateral wall from 10 6 to 10 9 Pa suggests that the impedance is not significantly affected by this parameter. Finally, our calculations indicate that up to at least 10 kHz the measured impedances result from passive mechanical properties of the OHC.
Computation of Laminar Heat Transfer in Rotating Rectangular Ducts (1985)

Cooling passages are often used in the rotor windings of large electrical generators, where the flow channel rotates about an axis parallel to but displaced from its axis of symmetry. In such a rotating passage, Coriolis accelerations and density gradients caused by the heated wall lead to the development of secondary flows which can have strong effects on heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics. Finite difference solutions were obtained for laminar flow of air in a rotating rectangular duct with aspect ratio 2/1, where the duct wall is subjected to a uniform heat flux. The solutions show the effect of rotation on the development of the flow patterns and velocity and temperature variations. Results for Nusselt number and friction factor are presented in both the inlet and fully developed regions over a range of Grashof and Reynolds numbers.
ChemInform Abstract: Use of Precatalysts Greatly Facilitate Palladium‐Catalyzed Alkynylations in Batch and Continuous‐Flow Conditions. (2012)

Abstract For palladium‐catalyzed Heck alkynylation reactions a novel precatalyst is developed.
Residual phase noise and longitudinal mode linewidth measurements of hybridly modelocked external cavity semiconductor diode laser (2003)

Summary form only given. We report measurements of residual phase noise knee position and average linewidth of a hybrid modelocked external cavity semiconductor laser. We show that the knee position in our laser linearly increases with cavity frequency and is determined by the average longitudinal mode linewidth. This suggests that, to attain ultra-low jitter modelocked lasers, methods for reducing the longitudinal mode linewidth are needed.