gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interplay of Different Major Ampullate Spidroins during Assembly and Implications for Fiber Mechanics (2021)

Major ampullate (MA) spider silk has fascinating mechanical properties combining strength and elasticity. All known natural MA silks contain at least two or more different spidroins; however, it is unknown why and if there is any interplay in the spinning dope. Here, two different spidroins from Araneus diadematus are co-produced in Escherichia coli to study the possible dimerization and effects thereof on the mechanical properties of fibers. During the production of the two spidroins, a mixture of homo- and heterodimers is formed triggered by the carboxyl-terminal domains. Interestingly, homodimeric species of the individual spidroins self-assemble differently in comparison to heterodimers, and stoichiometric mixtures of homo- and heterodimers yield spidroin networks upon assembly with huge impact on fiber mechanics upon spinning. The obtained results provide the basis for man-made tuning of spinning dopes to yield high-performance fibers.
Amino Acid Transporter-Targeted Radiotracers for Molecular Imaging in Oncology (2012)

Amino acids are required for sustenance of continuous uncontrolled growth of tumor cells, and upregulation of amino acid transporter expression has often been observed in tumor cells to facilitate their accelerated rates of amino acid uptake. Therefore, amino acid transporters have promise as ideal targets for tumor imaging. In fact, many natural and artificial amino acids have been radiolabeled for positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging of tumor. In this article, we review the classification, molecular biology, and pharmacological relevance of amino acid transport systems. In addition, we discuss the chemistry, radiochemistry, current clinical applications, and future prospects for the use of radiolabeled amino acid-based probes for PET and SPECT imaging in oncology for each category of radionuclide.
P‐135: Recombination Zone Monitoring of the Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes during Lifetime Test (2015)

We studied the recombination zone shift during lifetime measurement in phosphorescent blue organic light‐emitting devices with a sensing layer. 3,3‐Di(9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)biphenyl was used as a host material for a blue phosphorescent dopant and a red sensing dopant. The red sensing layer was inserted at a thickness of 2 nm at three different positions of the emitting layer to follow the recombination zone change before and after life‐time measurement by monitoring the electroluminescence spectra. We found that the recombination zone is shifted to electron transport layer side according to the luminance decrease of the device via direct monitoring of the recombination zone shift. .
ChemInform Abstract: EXPERIMENTS ON THE PROTECTION OF THE THIOETHER IN METHIONINE (1983)

Abstract Durch Umsetzung der Methionin‐Derivate (I) bzw. (IV) mit Methyl‐tosylat (II) werden die geschützten Derivate (III) und (IV) hergestellt, die unter den Bedingungen der Peptidsynthese und in Gegenwart der für die Abspaltung anderer Schutzgruppen verwendeten Tri‐fluoressigsäure stabil sind.
Can Children Understand Machine Learning Concepts? (2019)

Machine Learning services are integrated into various aspects of everyday life. Their underlying processes are typically black-boxed to increase ease-of-use. Consequently, children lack the opportunity to explore such processes and develop essential mental models. We present a gesture recognition research platform, designed to support learning from experience by uncovering Machine Learning building blocks: Data Labeling and Evaluation. Children used the platform to perform physical gestures, iterating between sampling and evaluation. Their understanding was tested in a pre/post experimental design, in three conditions: learning activity uncovering Data Labeling only, Evaluation only, or both. Our findings show that both building blocks are imperative to enhance children's understanding of basic Machine Learning concepts. Children were able to apply their new knowledge to everyday life context, including personally meaningful applications. We conclude that children's interaction with uncovered black boxes of Machine Learning contributes to a better understanding of the world around them.
Semiquantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction analysis of mRNA for growth factors and growth factor receptors from normal and healing rabbit medial collateral ligament tissue (1998)

Growth factors and their receptors play an essential role in the development, maturation, and response to injury of all tissues. A number of studies have explored the possibility of improving ligament healing with exogenous growth factors. However, limited data is available regarding the endogenous growth factor network in ligaments on which any exogenous growth factors must impact. The purpose of this study was to assess the endogenous growth factor network with molecular techniques. By the sensitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction technique, transcripts for a number of growth factors and receptors were detected with RNA isolated from normal and healing rabbit medial collateral ligament tissues. These include transforming growth factor-beta1, insulin-like growth factors I and II, basic fibroblast growth factor, endothelin-1, and the receptors for insulin and insulin-like growth factor II. Semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis of RNA from normal and scar tissues from the medial collateral ligament revealed that the levels of several transcripts were elevated in the scar tissue. It was not possible to confirm biological activity because of the hypocellularity of the tissues; however, the results obtained indicate that the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction approach to defining the endogenous growth factor-receptor phenotype is feasible, and further definition should contribute to the development of rational approaches to exogenous therapy to improve healing.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Diels‐Alder Reactions of N‐Methylthionomaleimide. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
High yield refolding and purification process for recombinant human interleukin-6 expressed in Escherichia coli. (1999)

Recombinant human interleukin-6 (hIL-6), a pleiotropic cytokine containing two intramolecular disulfide bonds, was expressed in Escherichia coli as an insoluble inclusion body, before being refolded and purified in high yield providing sufficient qualities for clinical use. Quantitative reconstitution of the native disulfide bonds of hIL-6 from the fully denatured E. coli extracts could be performed by glutathione-assisted oxidation in a completely denaturating condition (6M guanidinium chloride) at protein concentrations higher than 1 mg/mL, preventing aggregation of reduced hIL-6. Oxidation in 6M guanidinium chloride (GdnHCl) required remarkably low concentrations of glutathione (reduced form, 0.01 mM; oxidized form, 0.002 mM) to be added to the solubilized hIL-6 before the incubation at pH 8.5, and 22 degrees C for 16 h. After completion of refolding by rapid transfer of oxidized hIL-6 into acetate buffer by gel filtration chromatography, residual contaminants including endotoxin and E. coli proteins were efficiently removed by successive steps of chromatography. The amount of dimeric hIL-6s, thought to be purification artifacts, was decreased by optimizing the salt concentrations of the loading materials in the ion-exchange chromatography, and gradually removing organic solvents from the collected fractions of the preparative reverse-phase HPLC. These refolding and purification processes, which give an overall yield as high as 17%, seem to be appropriate for the commercial scale production of hIL-6 for therapeutic use.
Towards lab‐on‐chip ultrasensitive ethanol detection using photonic crystal waveguide operating in the mid‐infrared (2021)

Abstract Thanks to the unique molecular fingerprints in the mid‐infrared spectral region, absorption spectroscopy in this regime has attracted widespread attention in recent years. Contrary to commercially available infrared spectrometers, which are limited by being bulky and cost‐intensive, laboratory‐on‐chip infrared spectrometers can offer sensor advancements including raw sensing performance in addition to utilization such as enhanced portability. Several platforms have been proposed in the past for on‐chip ethanol detection. However, selective sensing with high sensitivity at room temperature has remained a challenge. Here, we experimentally demonstrate an on‐chip ethyl alcohol sensor based on a holey photonic crystal waveguide on silicon on insulator‐based photonics sensing platform offering an enhanced photoabsorption thus improving sensitivity. This is achieved by designing and engineering an optical slow‐light mode with a high group‐index of n g = 73 and a strong localization of the modal power in analyte, enabled by the photonic crystal waveguide structure. This approach includes a codesign paradigm that uniquely features an increased effective path length traversed by the guided wave through the to‐be‐sensed gas analyte. This PIC‐based lab‐on‐chip sensor is exemplary, spectrally designed to operate at the center wavelength of 3.4 μm to match the peak absorbance for ethanol. However, the slow‐light enhancement concept is universal offering to cover a wide design‐window and spectral ranges towards sensing a plurality of gas species. Using the holey photonic crystal waveguide, we demonstrate the capability of achieving parts per billion levels of gas detection precision. High sensitivity combined with tailorable spectral range along with a compact form‐factor enables a new class of portable photonic sensor platforms when integrated with quantum cascade laser and detectors.
Thermal management of vertical gallium nitride nanowire arrays: Cooling design and tip temperature measurement (2010)

This study reports a new thermal management scheme for vertical Gallium Nitride (GaN) nanowire (NW) arrays. A new cooling design for vertical NWs is developed by encapsulating NWs with electroplated copper. Numerical simulations show that the thermal performance of NW array could be significantly enhanced when encapsulated with high thermal conductivity materials. We have also developed a tip temperature measurement technique to characterize the tip temperature of vertical GaN NWs by using steady-state photoluminescence (PL) system. The cooling design and tip temperature measurement technique can be applied to various NW-based nanoelectronic and nanophotonic applications.
Extensible Authentication Protocol Method for Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) Subscriber Identity Modules (EAP-SIM) (2006)

This document specifies an Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP)
mechanism for authentication and session key distribution using the
Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) Subscriber Identity
Module (SIM). GSM is a second generation mobile network standard. The
EAP-SIM mechanism specifies enhancements to GSM authentication and key
agreement whereby multiple authentication triplets can be combined to
create authentication responses and session keys of greater strength
than the individual GSM triplets. The mechanism also includes network
authentication, user anonymity support, result indications, and a fast
re-authentication procedure. This memo provides information for the
Internet community.
The hematopoietic factor GM-CSF (Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) promotes neuronal differentiation of adult neural stem cells in vitro (2007)

Similar to the hematopoietic factor Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), GM-CSF stimulates neuronal differentiation of adult NSCs. These data highlight the astonishingly similar functions of major hematopoietic factors in the brain, and raise the clinical attractiveness of GM-CSF as a novel drug for neurological disorders.
Optical stress generator and detector (2023)

Disclosed is a system for the characterization of thin films and interfaces between thin films through measurements of their mechanical and thermal properties. In the system light is absorbed in a thin film or in a structure made up of several thin films, and the change in optical transmission or reflection is measured and analyzed. The change in reflection or transmission is used to give information about the ultrasonic waves that are produced in the structure. The information that is obtained from the use of the measurement methods and apparatus of this invention can include: (a) a determination of the thickness of thin films with a speed and accuracy that is improved compared to earlier methods; (b) a determination of the thermal, elastic, and optical properties of thin films; (c) a determination of the stress in thin films; and (d) a characterization of the properties of interfaces, including the presence of roughness and defects.
Application of stateflow diagrams in production line modeling (2016)

Paper aims on description of the Stateflow model of flexible assembly line. Assembly line is placed in Department of Cybernetics and Artificial Intelligence in Technical University in Košice. Stateflow model of this assembly line simulates its functionality and states, which occurs in production process. Outputs of this model are displayed in the last part of the paper. They can be used for various purposes, but mostly they will be used as data source for tasks dealing with time optimization or multi-objective optimization of production process.
The NMR spectra of porphyrins. 27—proton NMR spectra of chlorophyll‐a and pheophytin‐a (1984)

Abstract The 500 MHz proton NMR spectra of chlorophyll‐ a in several non‐aggregating solvents, at high dilution, are given and that of pheophytin‐ a in CDCl 3 at 360 MHz and at high dilution is reported. Under these conditions, the dispersion is such that separate resonances are observed and can be assigned for all protons in the molecules, except P‐5 to P‐15 in phytyl side‐chain. The complex spin systems of the C‐7 propionic ester side‐chains, and of the P‐1/P‐2 fragment, are analysed and the couplings obtained are interpreted in terms of possible conformations of the side‐chain.
Long-term follow-up from a phase 1/2 study of single-agent bortezomib in relapsed systemic AL amyloidosis (2014)

CAN2007 was a phase 1/2 study of once- and twice-weekly single-agent bortezomib in relapsed primary systemic amyloid light chain amyloidosis (AL) amyloidosis. Seventy patients were treated, including 18 and 34 patients at the maximum planned doses on the once- and twice-weekly schedules. This prespecified final analysis provides mature response and long-term outcomes data after 3-year additional follow-up since the last report. In the once-weekly 1.6 mg/m(2) and twice-weekly 1.3 mg/m(2) bortezomib groups, final hematologic response rates were 68.8% and 66.7%; 80% of patients in each group sustained their response for ≥1 year. One-year progression-free rates were 72.2% and 76.8%. Median overall survival (OS) was 62.1 months and not reached; 4-year OS rates were 75.0% and 63.0%. Low baseline difference in κ/λ free light-chain level was associated with higher hematologic complete response rates and longer OS. At data cutoff, 40 (57%) patients had received subsequent therapy, including 19 (27%) retreated with bortezomib, 11 (58%) of whom achieved complete or partial hematologic responses. Four patients received prolonged bortezomib for between 3.5 and 5.6 years, with no new safety concerns, highlighting the feasibility of long-term therapy. Single-agent bortezomib produced durable hematologic responses and promising long-term OS in relapsed AL amyloidosis. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00298766.
Optimizing Liposomal Cisplatin Efficacy through Membrane Composition Manipulations (2011)

The first liposomal formulation of cisplatin to be evaluated clinically was SPI-077. Although the formulation demonstrated enhanced cisplatin tumor accumulation in preclinical models it did not enhance clinical efficacy, possibly due to limited cisplatin release from the formulation localized within the tumor. We have examined a series of liposomal formulations to address the in vivo relationship between cisplatin release rate and formulation efficacy in the P388 murine leukemia model. The base formulation of phosphatidylcholine: phosphatidylglycerol: cholesterol was altered in the C18 and C16 phospholipid content to influence membrane fluidity and thereby impacting drug circulation lifetime and drug retention. Phase transition temperatures (T(m)) ranged from 42-55°C. The high T(m) formulations demonstrated enhanced drug retention properties accompanied by low antitumor activity while the lowest T(m) formulations released the drug too rapidly in the plasma, limiting drug delivery to the tumor which also resulted in low antitumor activity. A formulation composed of DSPC : DPPC : DSPG : Chol; (35 : 35 : 20 : 10) with an intermediate drug release rate and a cisplatin plasma half-life of 8.3 hours showed the greatest antitumor activity. This manuscript highlights the critical role that drug release rates play in the design of an optimized drug delivery vehicle.
Long-term outdoor measurements using a rate-adaptive hybrid optical wireless/60 GHz link over 100 m (2017)

In this paper, we evaluate the potential of a rate-adaptive hybrid link, combining LED based optical wireless and 60 GHz technologies. These links over short backhauling distances are well suited for the deployment of small radio cells in 5G mobile networks. Results from a 4.5-month outdoor field trial indicate that the availability for both links is 100%. The throughput of the LED-based optical link is higher in 90% of all cases while the 60 GHz link has a higher minimal throughput. If both links are aggregated, the hybrid link offers minimal/average/ maximal data rates of 230/750/880 Mbps over 100 m in all weather conditions.
Cladribine Analogues via O6-(Benzotriazolyl) Derivatives of Guanine Nucleosides (2015)

Cladribine, 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine, is a highly efficacious, clinically used nucleoside for the treatment of hairy cell leukemia. It is also being evaluated against other lymphoid malignancies and has been a molecule of interest for well over half a century. In continuation of our interest in the amide bond-activation in purine nucleosides via the use of (benzotriazol-1yl-oxy)tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate, we have evaluated the use of O⁶-(benzotriazol-1-yl)-2'-deoxyguanosine as a potential precursor to cladribine and its analogues. These compounds, after appropriate deprotection, were assessed for their biological activities, and the data are presented herein. Against hairy cell leukemia (HCL), T-cell lymphoma (TCL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), cladribine was the most active against all. The bromo analogue of cladribine showed comparable activity to the ribose analogue of cladribine against HCL, but was more active against TCL and CLL. The bromo ribose analogue of cladribine showed activity, but was the least active among the C6-NH₂-containing compounds. Substitution with alkyl groups at the exocyclic amino group appears detrimental to activity, and only the C6 piperidinyl cladribine analogue demonstrated any activity. Against adenocarcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells, cladribine and its ribose analogue were most active.
Experimental Evidence for the Unruh Effect (2020)

We present a theory of radiation in accelerated quantum electrody namics which is manifestly thermalized at the accelerated temperature. Statistical analysis of a recent channeling radiation experiment implies the first observation of the Unruh effect.
Supplementary Methods, Figure Legends 1-5 from Tumorigenic and Metastatic Activity of Human Thyroid Cancer Stem Cells (2023)

Supplementary Methods, Figure Legends 1-5 from Tumorigenic and Metastatic Activity of Human Thyroid Cancer Stem Cells
Design of soluble conjugates of biodegradable polymeric carriers and adriamycin (1993)

Abstract To improve the therapeutic index of the cytostatic drug adriamycin (ADR), conjugates of ADR with poly(α‐L‐glutamic acid) (PGA), poly[N 5 ‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐L‐glutamine] (PHEG) and conjugates of polymer‐bound ADR and a human monoclonal antibody directed against colon tumour‐associated antigens (IgM 16.88) have been prepared. Amide‐bound conjugates of PGA and ADR were designed as macromolecular prodrugs for drug release mediated by the tumour cell‐associated enzyme γ‐glutamyl transferase but were inactive in vitro. PGA‐peptide spacer‐ADR conjugates have been designed to effect drug release mediated by lysosomal enzymes after pinocytic entry of the conjugate in tumour cells. These conjugates were only weakly active in vitro against L1210 leukemia and B16 melanoma cells even with a lysosomally cleavable GlyGlyGlyLeu spacer. In contrast, the latter conjugate inhibited the growth of L1210 cells implanted intraperitoneally in mice to a significant extent. Polymeric ADR conjugates were studied with respect to their association behaviour in solution, their interaction with cells and their immunogenicity in mice. The biodistribution of conjugates of IgM 16.88 and PGA or PHEG in mice indicates that both polymers are useful as drug carrier in immunoconjugates. A multistep preparation of ADR bound to a conjugate of PHEG and IgM 16.88 has been developed with the aim of selective drug release in the acidic environment of the tumour. The immunoreactivity of IgM‐PHEG‐ADR with colon tumour antigen was retained to the extent of 70 % relative to IgM. PHEG‐bound ADR shows an effective release of ADR at a pH of 6.0 as shown by incubation in buffer and by inhibition of the growth of HT‐29 colon tumour cells in vitro. The data are consistent with the acid‐labile nature of the drug‐carrier bond.
A Functional Anatomic Defect of the Cystic Fibrosis Airway (2014)

An inherent defect in CF airway surface liquid contributes to delayed MCT beyond that caused by airway dehydration alone and identifies a fundamental mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of CF lung disease in the absence of antecedent infection or inflammation.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Methods for Syntheses of Substituted Oxazoles by Cyclization of Vinyl Bromides. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Supplementary Tables from <i>KRAS</i><sup>G12C</sup> Mutation Is Associated with Increased Risk of Recurrence in Surgically Resected Lung Adenocarcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Tables&lt;/p&gt;
Optomechanical Imaging: Biomechanic and Hemodynamic Responses of the Breast to Controlled Articulation (2012)

The optomechanical response of the breast was explored during fine articulation as a function of the applied force protocol. Comparisons between calculated internal pressure or stress maps and reconstructed hemodynamic images show strong correlations.