gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fatigue Investigation of Elastomeric Structures (2010)

Abstract Fatigue crack growth can occur in elastomeric structures whenever cyclic loading is applied. In order to design robust products, sensitivity to fatigue crack growth must be investigated and minimized. The task has two basic components: (1) to define the material behavior through measurements showing how the crack growth rate depends on conditions that drive the crack, and (2) to compute the conditions experienced by the crack. Important features relevant to the analysis of structures include time-dependent aspects of rubber’s stress-strain behavior (as recently demonstrated via the dwell period effect observed by Harbour et al.), and strain induced crystallization. For the numerical representation, classical fracture mechanical concepts are reviewed and the novel material force approach is introduced. With the material force approach at hand, even dissipative effects of elastomeric materials can be investigated. These complex properties of fatigue crack behavior are illustrated in the context of tire durability simulations as an important field of application.
LISP Control Plane for SRv6 Endpoint Mobility (2020)

This document describes the use of the LISP Control Plane to support
endpoint mobility and Location/ID separation in Segment Routing v6
(SRv6) deployments.
Effect of intersubband scattering on weak localization in two-dimensional systems (2001)

The theory of weak localization is generalized for multilevel two-dimensional systems taking into account intersubband scattering. It is shown that weak intersubband scattering, which is negligible in classical transport, affects strongly the weak-localization correction to conductivity. The anomalous magnetoresistance is calculated in the whole range of classically low magnetic fields. This correction to conductivity is shown to depend strongly on the ratios of occupied level concentrations. It is demonstrated that at relatively low population of the excited subband, it is necessary to use the present theory because the high-field limit asymptotics is shown to be achieved only in classical magnetic fields.
Anti-parasitic effect of novel amidines against Trypanosoma cruzi: phenotypic and in silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity analysis (2017)

SUMMARY New more selective and potent drugs are urgently need to treat Chagas disease (CD). Among the many synthetic compounds evaluated against Trypanosoma cruzi , aromatic amidines (AAs) and especially arylimidamides (AIAs) have potent activity against this parasite. Presently, the effect of four mono-amidines (DB2228, DB2229, DB2292 and DB2294), four diamidines (DB2232, DB2235, DB2251 and DB2253) and one AIA (DB2255) was screened in vitro against different forms (bloodstream trypomastigotes – BT and intracellular forms) and strains from discrete typing unit (DTU) I and VI of T. cruzi and their cytotoxic profile on mammalian host cells. Except for DB2253, all molecules were as active as benznidazole (Bz), resulting in 50% of reduction in the number of alive BT, with EC 50 ranging from 2·7 to 10·1 µ m after 24 h of incubation. DB2255 was also the most potent against amastigotes (Tulahuen strain) showing similar activity to that of Bz (3 µ m ). In silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity analysis demonstrated probability of human intestinal adsorption, while mutagenicity and inhibition of hERG1 were not predicted, besides giving acceptable predicted volumes of distribution. Our findings contribute for better knowledge regarding the biological effect of this class of aromatic molecules against T. cruzi aiming to identify novel promising agent for CD therapy.
Evidence for the decay B-c(+) -> J/psi 3 pi(+)2 pi(-) (2014)

Evidence is presented for the decay B-c(+) -> J/psi 3 pi(+)2 pi(-) using proton-proton collision data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb(-1), collected with the LHCb detector. A signal yield of 32 +/- 8 decays is found with a significance of 4.5 standard deviations. The ratio of the branching fraction of the B-c(+) -> J/psi 3 pi(+)2 pi(-) decay to that of the B-c(+) -> J/psi pi(+) decay is measured to be B(B-c(+) -> J/psi 3 pi(+)2 pi(-))/B(B-c(+) -> J/psi pi(+)) = 1.74 +/- 0.44 +/- 0.24, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.
Systems for the expression of orthogonal translation components eubacterial host cells (2023)

The invention related to compositions and methods for the in vivo production of polypeptides comprising one or more unnatural amino acids. Specifically, the invention provides plasmid systems for the efficient eubacterial expression of polypeptides comprising one or more unnatural acids at genetically-programmed positions.
<title>Shrinkage correction of volume phase holograms for optical interconnects</title> (1997)

The film shrinkage effect of photopolymeric phase media failed to provide the desired volume holograms for point-to- point optical interconnects. In this paper, we report a new compensation method to physically correct the shrinkage effect resulted from the holographic recording and the post baking. DuPont photopolymer HRF-600X001 is studied. The correction of the Bragg diffraction angle shift of 85', which is induced by a 5.25 percent film shrinkage, is successfully demonstrated with the surface-normal configuration. A shrinkage-corrected volume hologram with 80 percent diffraction efficiency is experimentally confirmed. The methodology reported herein is applicable to other phase media when the associated film shrinkage data are experimentally determined.
A third locus (GLC1D) for adult-onset primary open-angle glaucoma maps to the 8q23 region (1998)

We present evidence for a third adult-onset primary open-angle glaucoma locus (GLC1D) on chromosome 8q23. The genetic heterogeneity of adult-onset glaucoma is evident from the multiplicity of chromosomal loci associated with this disease.
Mouse ST6Gal sialyltransferase gene expression during mammary gland lactation (2001)

The sialyltransferase ST6Gal mediates the biosynthetic addition of sialic acid, via an alpha2,6 linkage, to the nonreducing end of terminal lactosamine structures. Transcription of the murine ST6Gal gene, Siat1, is regulated by the selective use of multiple promoters in a tissue- and development-specific manner. Here we report that Siat1 mRNA expression is dramatically elevated in lactating (relative to virgin) mouse mammary gland. The predominant ST6Gal mRNA species expressed in lactating mammary gland is a heretofore undocumented isoform containing a unique 5'-untranslated region originating from the mouse Siat1 genetic region, now defined as Exon L, residing 549-bp 5' of the previously characterized Exon X(2). Thus, the novel ST6Gal mRNA form initiates transcription from the region designated as p4 and incorporates the unique sequence from Exon L in 5'-juxtaposition to commonly shared sequences encoded on Exon I to Exon VI. In contrast, cells derived from virgin mammary tissue expressed only the housekeeping mRNA form derived from p3, with Exon O sequence preceding Exons I-VI. The Exon L-containing, p4 class of mRNA was also not detected in a survey of eight other mouse tissues. Previous reports have indicated a strong correlation between mammary cancers and elevated ST6Gal expression in rats and in human patients. However, we uncovered neither elevated expression of ST6Gal mRNA nor appearance of p4 class in mouse breast carcinomas experimentally induced by transformation with the polyoma-middle T oncogene. A number of established breast carcinoma cell lines were also examined, with ST6Gal mRNA and activity generally low. Moreover, with the exception of the Shionogi cell line, p4 class of ST6Gal mRNA was not expressed in any of the mouse breast carcinoma specimens examined. Taken together, our data indicate that murine ST6Gal induction during lactation is achieved by de novo recruitment of a normally silent promoter. Furthermore, the data provide no support for elevated Siat1 expression on the mRNA level in association with murine mammary gland carcinogenesis. With the single exception of the Shionogi cell line, the p3 class remains the predominant ST6Gal mRNA expressed in all other murine mammary carcinoma cells examined.
Sporadic Angiomyolipomas Growth Kinetics While on Everolimus: Results of a Phase II Trial (2020)

Everolimus was effective in causing volumetric reduction of angiomyolipomas by 25% or greater in most patients but was associated with a high rate of treatment discontinuation.
ChemInform Abstract: Multiple Metal‐Carbon Bonds. Part 38. Preparation of Trialkoxymolybdenum(VI) Alkylidyne Complexes, Their Reactions with Acetylenes, and the X‐Ray Structure of Mo[C3(CMe3)2][OCH(CF3)2]2(C5H5N)2. (1986)

Abstract Das wie aufgezeichnet dargestellte Tris‐ [neopentyl]‐neopentylidin‐Mo (II) bildet bei Behandlung mit HCl oder HBr in DME die Trihalogenide (III).
ChemInform Abstract: A Mild General Procedure for the One‐Pot Conversion of Amides to Aldehydes. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Measurement of the Z boson production cross-section in proton-lead collisions at $$ \sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}} $$ = 8.16 TeV (2023)

A bstract This article presents the first measurement of the differential Z -boson production cross-section in the forward region using proton-lead collisions with the LHCb detector. The dataset was collected at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of $$ \sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msqrt><mml:msub><mml:mi>s</mml:mi><mml:mi>NN</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:msqrt></mml:math> = 8 . 16 TeV in 2016, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 30 . 8 nb − 1 . The forward-backward ratio and the nuclear modification factors are measured together with the differential cross-section as functions of the Z boson rapidity in the centre-of-mass frame, the transverse momentum of the Z boson and a geometric variable ϕ * . The results are in good agreement with the predictions from nuclear parton distribution functions, providing strong constraining power at small Bjorken- x .
Supplementary Video4 from Intraductal Transplantation Models of Human Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Reveal Progressive Transition of Molecular Subtypes (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Confocal z-stack imaging of immunofluorescent (IF) images of mStrawberry-hM1A grafts 4 weeks after IGO transplantation&lt;/p&gt;
Laboratory mice with a wild microbiota generate strong allergic immune responses (2021)

Abstract Allergic disorders are caused by a combination of hereditary and environmental factors. The hygiene hypothesis postulates that early life microbial exposures impede the development of subsequent allergic disease. However, unambiguous evidence that microbes reduce the development of allergic disorders is still lacking. Recently developed ‘wildling’ mice contain a rich and diverse commensal and encounter a repertoire of microbes typical of the wild, with pathogenic potential. Here, we probed the hygiene hypothesis by comparing the development of allergic inflammation in wildlings to that of genetically identical mice lacking diverse microbial exposure. We find that wildlings develop stronger allergic inflammation in response to house dust mites with allergic T cell responses driven not only by cognate peptide antigens, but also by innate cytokines. In all, the results suggest that high microbial content and diversity potentiates, rather than restricts, allergic immune responses. One sentence summary Strong allergic inflammation in the face of rich and diverse microbial exposures
ADAM10 is essential for Notch2-dependent marginal zone B cell development and CD23 cleavage in vivo (2010)

The proteolytic activity of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) regulates cell-fate decisions in Drosophila and mouse embryos. However, in utero lethality of ADAM10(-/-) mice has prevented examination of ADAM10 cleavage events in lymphocytes. To investigate their role in B cell development, we generated B cell-specific ADAM10 knockout mice. Intriguingly, deletion of ADAM10 prevented development of the entire marginal zone B cell (MZB) lineage. Additionally, cleavage of the low affinity IgE receptor, CD23, was profoundly impaired, but subsequent experiments demonstrated that ADAM10 regulates CD23 cleavage and MZB development by independent mechanisms. Development of MZBs is dependent on Notch2 signaling, which requires proteolysis of the Notch2 receptor by a previously unidentified proteinase. Further experiments revealed that Notch2 signaling is severely impaired in ADAM10-null B cells. Thus, ADAM10 critically regulates MZB development by initiating Notch2 signaling. This study identifies ADAM10 as the in vivo CD23 sheddase and an important regulator of B cell development. Moreover, it has important implications for the treatment of numerous CD23- and Notch-mediated pathologies, ranging from allergy to cancer.
Ultralow voltage, high-speed and energy-efficient III/V-on-Si electro-optic modulator at 4 K temperature (2022)

We demonstrate heterogeneous III/V-on-Si resonator modulators with sub-10 mV and GHz modulation at 4 K. This record performance is enabled by strong EO effects of III/V quantum-wells at 4 K, and with minimal free-carrier freezing of III/V semiconductors.
Letter by Hilfiker-Kleiner et al Regarding Article, “Modeling Peripartum Cardiomyopathy With Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Reveals Distinctive Abnormal Function of Cardiomyocytes” (2019)

We read with interest the article by Naftali-Shani et al, However, we would like to ask the authors how they relate their model of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (iPSC-CM) stimulation with isoprenaline to the peripartum (patho-)physiology which includes mechanical stress, alterations in hemodynamics, and multiple additional factors, including changes in many hormones beyond increased -adrenergic agonists.
Contribution of Short-Time Occlusion of the Amblyopic Eye to a Passive Dichoptic Video Treatment for Amblyopia beyond the Critical Period (2019)

Dichoptic movie viewing has been shown to significantly improve visual acuity in amblyopia in children. Moreover, short-term occlusion of the amblyopic eye can transiently increase its contribution to binocular fusion in adults. In this study, we first asked whether dichoptic movie viewing could improve the visual function of amblyopic subjects beyond the critical period. Secondly, we tested if this effect could be enhanced by short-term monocular occlusion of the amblyopic eye. 17 subjects presenting stable functional amblyopia participated in this study. 10 subjects followed 6 sessions of 1.5 hour of dichoptic movie viewing (nonpatched group), and 7 subjects, prior to each of these sessions, had to wear an occluding patch over the amblyopic eye for two hours (patched group). Best-corrected visual acuity, monocular contrast sensitivity, interocular balance, and stereoacuity were measured before and after the training. For the nonpatched group, mean amblyopic eye visual acuity significantly improved from 0.54 to 0.46 logMAR (<i>p</i> < 0.05). For the patched group, mean amblyopic eye visual acuity significantly improved from 0.62 to 0.43 logMAR (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Stereoacuity improved significantly when the data of both groups were combined. No significant improvement was observed for the other visual functions tested. Our training procedure combines modern video technologies and recent fundamental findings in human plasticity: (i) long-term plasticity induced by dichoptic movie viewing and (ii) short-term adaptation induced by temporary monocular occlusion. This passive dichoptic movie training approach is shown to significantly improve visual acuity of subjects beyond the critical period. The addition of a short-term monocular occlusion to the dichoptic training shows promising trends but was not significant for the sample size used here. The passive movie approach combined with interocular contrast balancing even over such a short period as 2 weeks has potential as a clinical therapy to treat amblyopia in older children and adults.
Abstract 2055: Therapeutic resistance to BET bromodomain inhibition in prostate cancer (2017)

Abstract Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men and a leading cause of cancer-related death in North America. Current therapies include radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy for localized disease, and androgen deprivation therapy (i.e. surgical or medical castration) for metastatic disease. Recently, we described the use of inhibitors of bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) proteins for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), which have since undergone investigation in clinical trials. In anticipation of patients refractory to treatment with BET inhibitors, we explored the development of resistance to a clinical-grade BET inhibitor in four cell line models—VCaP, LNCaP, LNCaP-AR, and 22Rv1—by serially passaging cells in increasing concentrations of drug with matched controls in DMSO. All resistance models displayed several-fold increased IC50 values relative to control in in vitro cell viability assays. Additionally, we have modeled resistance to BET inhibition in vivo by serially passaging cell line- and patient-derived xenografts in animals treated with BET inhibition. Interrogating these models through traditional molecular techniques and next-generation sequencing, we discovered several putative mechanisms of resistance to BET inhibition that we are currently validating in our laboratory. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Carl G. Engelke, Rohit Malik, Steven Kregel, Irfan A. Asangani, Kari Wilder-Romans, Xia Jiang, Xuhong Cao, Corey Speers, Arul M. Chinnaiyan. Therapeutic resistance to BET bromodomain inhibition in prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2055. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-2055
Towards integrating task information in skills assessment for dexterous tasks in surgery and simulation (2011)

With the increasing popularity of robotic surgery, several studies in the literature have investigated automatically assessing skill measures based on motion and video data captured from these systems. A range of simulation environments for robotic surgery are now in development. Skill assessment in these environments has so far only focused on evaluating the utility and validity of statistics such as task completion time, and instrument distance measured during a simulated task. We present the first work using motion data from a robotic surgery simulation environment in development for classifying users of varying skills and detecting completion of trainee. Given the standardized environment of the simulator, and the availability of the ground truth, skill measurements and feedback based on task motion hold the promise of effective automated objective assessment. Based on motion data of a simulated manipulation task from 17 users of varying skills, we demonstrate binary classification (proficient vs. trainee) of user skill with 87.5% accuracy. Alternate measures based on instrument pose more relevant in the simulated environment including a new measure of motion efficiency are also presented and evaluated.
Vaccination of Humans (2011)

Abstract In 1796 Edward Jenner inoculated a young boy with cowpox infected material from cows then demonstrated that he was protected against a subsequent challenge with the variola agent smallpox. This is universally accepted as the first step in the development of the modern vaccination technique. For almost one century, vaccination meant take infectious agents or part of them, inactivate them using heat or chemical treatments and inoculate these products into humans. Modern techniques, such as recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), polysaccharide conjugation and, more recently, the genomic approach, have allowed not only to obtain safer vaccines, but also to develop new products against those agents for which a vaccine had not been yet developed. Vaccines have been one of the most effective means of combating deadly infectious diseases in the near past and they will also become an important tool to fight some plagues of our time, such as tumours, chronic and autoimmune diseases and allergies. Key Concepts: People who survive an infectious disease, generally, do not develop the same disease again. Vaccination means to expose the body to biological material that mimics the infectious agents giving protection without suffering disease. Vaccines are the most effective tool to combat deadly infectious agents. Combination vaccines are used to reduce the number of shots, especially in children. Killed/inactivated infectious agents or part of them were the only vaccines used for most of the twentieth century. Polysaccharide conjugation, recombinant DNA techniques and, more recently, reverse vaccinology have led the development of new generation vaccines. Therapeutic vaccines will be used to fight chronic infectious diseases, cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, allergies and autoimmune diseases. New delivery systems and new adjuvants will be developed to increment vaccine‐induced immune response against many infectious agents.
Ultra-thin silicon-on-insulator strip waveguides and mode couplers (2012)

We demonstrate an ultra-thin silicon waveguide for wavelengths around 1.55 μm, and mode converters designed for transitions to and from standard 500 nm × 220 nm strip waveguides. The devices were fabricated in a CMOS-compatible process requiring two photolithography and etch steps. The ultra-thin waveguides exhibited losses of 2.01 ± 0.231 dB/cm, exhibited bend radii as small as 30 μm with losses of 0.05 ± 0.005 dB per bend, and exhibited coupling losses of 0.66 ± 0.014 dB to standard strip waveguides.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH: Removal of heavy metals from polluted waters using lignocellulosic agricultural waste products (2007)

Many agricultural wastes, including barks, manures, and composts, contain high levels of lignocellulosic materials. We hypothesized that the lignin fraction, which contains numerous reactive groups, would be highly effective in binding and removing heavy metal ions from contaminated water, and, further, that the absorptive capabilities of the materials would be strongly affected by the pH of the solution. A series of materials were tested, and, at pH levels above about 5.5, they were highly effective in removing heavy metal ions, generally as large or larger than nickel, but ineffective in removal of lighter ions such as sodium or magnesium. Various barks were generally the most effective and were capable of removing more than 90% of iron, copper, or lead from solutions in simple shake flask experiments. Materials that retain cellular structures and that have high lignin contents were highly effective; barks possess these properties. At alkaline pH levels, many heavy metal ions precipitate, but three separate lines of evidence indicate that, in the work reported here, ions were removed from aqueous solutions by absorption to barks rather than by precipitation. At acidic pH levels, they also were partially effective in removal of the oxyanion chromate. However, a more efficient method of removal of chromate involved reduction to chromite in acidic solutions, adjusting pH levels in transit to columns packed with bark, and removal of chromite with hardwood bark. The bark was capable of binding the chromite to a level more than 3% by weight, and the resulting bark-chromite mixture passed toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) tests. This system is expected to be deployed to remediate a site with chromate-polluted groundwater.