gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Freedom (2019)

In this paper we design and implement Freedom, a mobile VR system that deliver high quality VR content on today's mobile devices using 4G/LTE cellular networks. Compared to existing state-of-the-art, Freedom does not rely on any video frame pre- rendering or viewpoint prediction. We send a latency-adaptive VAM frame that contains pixels around the FoV. This allows the clients to render locally at a high refresh rate of 60 Hz to accommodate and compensate for the user's head movements before the next server update arrives. We demonstrate that Freedom is the first system in the world that can support dynamic and live 8K resolution VR content, while adapting to the real-world latency variations experienced in cellular networks. Compared to streaming the whole 360° panoramic VR content, we show that Freedom achieves up to 80% bandwidth savings. Finally, we provide detailed end to end latency measurements of actual VR systems by running extensive experiments in a private LTE testbed using a Mobile Edge Cloud (MEC).
A Data-Mining Approach for Investigating Social and Economic Geographical Dynamics of $\beta$-Thalassemia's Spread (2009)

Beta-thalassemia is an anemic genetic disorder that remains a major global health issue, especially in the globalized era where public health, economics, and education are tightly interwoven. Previous studies have examined the disease's rate and heredity. This study analyzed beta-thalassemia's socioeconomic geography and how it affects the afflicted population. We processed survey data and performed data mining using self-organizing maps to identify underlying data structure. We hypothesized that certain variables mark subgroups within the affected population and we aimed at identifying these subgroups and used a correlation-based measure to assess the variable's importance to the subgroup's distinction. The population's education level was one of the major factors that divided it into different subgroups. Our study showed that recurring patterns of specific variables separated the affected population into disparate subgroups based on their response to questionnaires. Future studies can use such tools to delve deeper into how other variables (e.g. socioeconomic and genomic) can identify subgroups within larger affected populations.
In silico drug discovery by supercomputer “K” (2017)

医薬品研究開発プロセスの効率化によって研究開発コストを抑制することは製薬業界にとっての急務であり，人工知能（AI）や分子シミュレーションの技術を駆使した「インシリコ創薬」に大きな期待が寄せられている．しかし，これまでの「インシリコ創薬」においては，主に計算機性能の不足により，①膨大な化合物ライブラリから疾患原因タンパク質と結合する化合物を網羅的に探索できない，②医薬品候補化合物の薬理活性を正確に予測することが難しい，といった課題があった．本稿では，これらの課題の解決を目指して筆者らが取り組んできた，スーパーコンピュータ「京」を活用した世界最大規模の高速・超並列バーチャルスクリーニング，および大規模分子動力学シミュレーションを活用したタンパク質－化合物結合親和性の高精度予測について紹介するとともに，次期のスーパーコンピュータであるポスト「京」の圧倒的な計算性能が実現するインシリコ創薬の未来を展望する．
Device Failure from the Initial Current Step of a CDM Discharge (2018)

CDM discharges exhibit a fast initial current step when the stray capacitance of the pogo pin is charged. It is demonstrated that the high slew rate can damage sensitive gate oxides. The miscorrelation of CDM and CC-TLP methodologies is addressed by applying pulses with 20 ps rise time.
ChimicaEsercizi e Casi PraticiIV Edizione (2021)

L’eserciziario presenta capitoli che trattano e sviluppano in modo dettagliato la stechiometria, la termodinamica, gli equilibri, la cinetica, le soluzioni e l’elettrochimica con una parte finale dedicata alla chimica organica e alle biomolecole. Ogni capitolo contiene una concisa parte introduttiva, in cui vengono richiamati i concetti fondamentali utilizzati per la risoluzione degli esercizi i quali, a loro volta, sono tutti corredati di soluzioni estese e commentate. Le appendici rappresentano un ulteriore ausilio per lo svolgimento degli esercizi di chimica generale e di chimica organica.
Branched Multifunctional Polyether Polyketals: Variation of Ketal Group Structure Enables Unprecedented Control over Polymer Degradation in Solution and within Cells (2012)

Multifunctional biocompatible and biodegradable nanomaterials incorporating specific degradable linkages that respond to various stimuli and with defined degradation profiles are critical to the advancement of targeted nanomedicine. Herein we report, for the first time, a new class of multifunctional dendritic polyether polyketals containing different ketal linkages in their backbone that exhibit unprecedented control over degradation in solution and within the cells. High-molecular-weight and highly compact poly(ketal hydroxyethers) (PKHEs) were synthesized from newly designed α-epoxy-ω-hydroxyl-functionalized AB(2)-type ketal monomers carrying structurally different ketal groups (both cyclic and acyclic) with good control over polymer properties by anionic ring-opening multibranching polymerization. Polymer functionalization with multiple azide and amine groups was achieved without degradation of the ketal group. The polymer degradation was controlled primarily by the differences in the structure and torsional strain of the substituted ketal groups in the main chain, while for polymers with linear (acyclic) ketal groups, the hydrophobicity of the polymer may play an additional role. This was supported by the log P values of the monomers and the hydrophobicity of the polymers determined by fluorescence spectroscopy using pyrene as the probe. A range of hydrolysis half-lives of the polymers at mild acidic pH values was achieved, from a few minutes to a few hundred days, directly correlating with the differences in ketal group structures. Confocal microscopy analyses demonstrated similar degradation profiles for PKHEs within live cells, as seen in solution and the delivery of fluorescent marker to the cytosol. The cell viability measured by MTS assay and blood compatibility determined by complement activation, platelet activation, and coagulation assays demonstrate that PKHEs and their degradation products are highly biocompatible. Taken together, these data demonstrate the utility this new class of biodegradable polymer as a highly promising candidate in the development of multifunctional nanomedicine.
MyTerritory (2012)

This paper presents an outdoor gaming prototype for music discovery and its field-trial evaluation by 15 Finnish users. The implemented mobile prototype enables users to conquer physical areas from a map view by circulating them and assigning songs to dominate the areas. Music can then be consumed from these areas by other users using three different methods. Based on the results, the concept adds novel experiences to outdoor gaming and music discovery. Populating the world with music by competing in the game was seen as a motivating way to discover and share music. Outdoor exercising combined to discovering places conquered with new music were seen as important and interesting by all the users in the interviews. Users found the different music consumption options to be novel and useful. This paper proposes a set of general design drivers for music discovery in outdoor gaming and further development ideas for the concept.
Production of Furin‐Cleaved Papillomavirus Pseudovirions and Their Use for In Vitro Neutralization Assays of L1‐ or L2‐Specific Antibodies (2015)

Immunization with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) L1 virus-like particles or L2 capsid protein elicits neutralizing antibodies that mediate protection. A high-throughput and sensitive in vitro neutralization assay is therefore valuable for prophylactic HPV vaccine studies. Over several hours during infection of the genital tract, virions take on a distinct intermediate conformation, including a required furin cleavage of L2 at its N-terminus. This intermediate is an important target for neutralization by L2-specific antibody, but it is very transiently exposed during in vitro infection of most cell lines resulting in insensitive measurement for L2, but not L1-specific neutralizing antibodies. To model this intermediate, we describe a protocol to generate furin-cleaved HPV pseudovirions (fc-PsV), which deliver an encapsidated reporter plasmid to facilitate infectivity measurements. We also describe a protocol for use of fc-PsV in a high-throughput in vitro neutralization assay for the sensitive measurement of both L1 and L2-specific neutralizing antibodies.
Algorithmes de Dematricage pour la Photographie Numerique : architecture dediee et implantation sur FPGA (2009)

National audience
Hyperglycemia of Diabetic Rats Decreased by a Glucagon Receptor Antagonist (1982)

The glucagon analog [l-N alpha-trinitrophenylhistidine, 12-homoarginine]-glucagon (THG) was examined for its ability to lower blood glucose concentrations in rats made diabetic with streptozotocin. In vitro, THG is a potent antagonist of glucagon activation of the hepatic adenylate cyclase assay system. Intravenous bolus injections of THG caused rapid decreases (20 to 35 percent) of short duration in blood glucose. Continuous infusion of low concentrations of the inhibitor led to larger sustained decreases in blood glucose (30 to 65 percent). These studies demonstrate that a glucagon receptor antagonist can substantially reduce blood glucose levels in diabetic animals without addition of exogenous insulin.
An active driving circuit for high-voltage high-power SI-thyristor (2002)

The high-voltage, high-power SI-Thyristor (SI-Thy) is developed and is being produced to be applied in many power electronics applications. Compared with GTO, the new product has the characteristics of high speed turn on-off low loss and high switching frequency at high voltage. Because of the special characteristics of the SI-Thyristor, its control with the conventional driving circuit used for the GTO is insufficient. Then, a new and compact gate drive is developed. It is composed of a driving circuit capable of driving at high-voltage with high-speed and high-frequency and an isolated controlled power supply. The driving circuit is presented and proposed as an efficient tool for the SI-Thyristor control.
The PRRSV-Specific Memory B Cell Response Is Long-Lived in Blood and Is Boosted During Live Virus Re-exposure (2020)

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an important pathogen of swine health and well-being worldwide largely due to an insufficient understanding of the adaptive immune response to infection leading to ineffective PRRSV control. The memory and anamnestic response to infection are critical gaps in knowledge in PRRSV immunity. The lack of effective tools for the evaluation of the memory response previously hindered the ability to effectively characterize the porcine memory response to infection. However, the creation and validation of a PRRSV nsp7-specific B cell tetramer now facilitates the ability to detect very rare memory B cells and thus define the memory response of the pig. Here, we describe the PRRSV nsp7-specific B cell response following vaccination and challenge in six key secondary lymphoid organs including the identification of PBMCs as the tissue of interest for the memory immune response in pigs. Following live virus challenge of immune animals, an anamnestic response of nsp7-specific memory B cells and neutralizing antibodies was observed. This characterization of the functional humoral immune response to PRRSV answers key questions involved in regional specialization of the immune response following intramuscular inoculation of PRRSV MLV.
A “Culture” Shift: Broad Bacterial Detection, Identification, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Directly from Whole Blood (2018)

Combined, sequential ID+AST protocols allow rapid and reliable detection, ID, and AST for the diagnosis of bloodstream infections, enabling conversion of empiric to targeted therapy by the second dose of antimicrobials.
Citation Needed: A Taxonomy and Algorithmic Assessment of Wikipedia's Verifiability (2019)

Wikipedia is playing an increasingly central role on the web,and the policies its contributors follow when sourcing and fact-checking content affect million of readers. Among these core guiding principles, verifiability policies have a particularly important role. Verifiability requires that information included in a Wikipedia article be corroborated against reliable secondary sources. Because of the manual labor needed to curate and fact-check Wikipedia at scale, however, its contents do not always evenly comply with these policies. Citations (i.e. reference to external sources) may not conform to verifiability requirements or may be missing altogether, potentially weakening the reliability of specific topic areas of the free encyclopedia. In this paper, we aim to provide an empirical characterization of the reasons why and how Wikipedia cites external sources to comply with its own verifiability guidelines. First, we construct a taxonomy of reasons why inline citations are required by collecting labeled data from editors of multiple Wikipedia language editions. We then collect a large-scale crowdsourced dataset of Wikipedia sentences annotated with categories derived from this taxonomy. Finally, we design and evaluate algorithmic models to determine if a statement requires a citation, and to predict the citation reason based on our taxonomy. We evaluate the robustness of such models across different classes of Wikipedia articles of varying quality, as well as on an additional dataset of claims annotated for fact-checking purposes.
Rib fracture timing in dynamic belt tests with human cadavers (2011)

The purpose of this article is to present data from dynamic belt loading tests on the thorax of human cadavers where the exact timing of all rib fractures is known. To quantify rib fracture timing, a total of 47 strain gages were placed throughout the thorax of two human cadavers (one male, one female). To simulate thoracic loading observed in a severe car crash, a custom table-top belt loading device was developed. The belt loading pulse was configured to result in approximately 40% chest compression during a 150 ms load and unload cycle. The time histories of each strain gage were analyzed to determine the time of each rib fracture which was then directly compared with the reaction loads and chest displacements at that exact time, thereby creating a noncensored data set. In both cadavers, all rib fractures occurred within the first 35% compression of the thorax. As a general trend, fractures on the left side of the thorax, where the passenger belt passed over the abdomen, occurred first followed by fractures to the upper ribs on the right side of the thorax. By utilizing this technique, the exact timing of each injury level can be characterized relative to the mechanical parameters. For example, using rib fractures as the parameter for Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) scores in the female test, it was shown that AIS 1 injury occurred at a chest compression of 21.1%, AIS 2 at 21.6%, AIS 3 at 22.0%, and AIS 4 at 33.3%.
Illumination devices for photodynamic therapy of the oral cavity (2010)

Three compact and efficient designs are proposed to deliver an average irradiance of 50 mW/cm(2) with spatial uniformity well above 90% over a 25 mm(2) target area for photodynamic therapy of the oral cavity. The main goal is to produce uniform illumination on the target while limiting irradiation of healthy tissue, thus overcoming the need of shielding the whole oral cavity and greatly simplifying the treatment protocol. The first design proposed consists of a cylindrical diffusing fiber placed in a tailored reflector derived from the edge-ray theorem with dimensions 5.5 × 7.2 × 10 mm(3); the second device combines a fiber illuminator and a lightpipe with dimensions 6.8 × 6.8 × 50 mm(3); the third design, inspired by the tailored reflector, is based on a cylindrical diffusing fiber and a cylinder reflector with dimensions 5 × 10 × 11 mm(3). A prototype for the cylinder reflector was built that provided the required illumination for photodynamic therapy of the oral cavity, producing a spatial uniformity on the target above 94% and an average irradiance of 51 mW/cm(2) for an input power of 70 mW.
Medical and psychological comorbidity predicts poor pain outcomes after total knee arthroplasty (2013)

This study identified medical and psychological comorbidity risk factors for moderate to severe pain after primary and revision TKA. This information can be used to provide realistic outcome expectations for patients before undergoing primary or revision TKA.
Induction of Partial Protection in Mice after Oral Administration ofLactococcus lactisProducingBrucella abortusL7/L12 Antigen (2003)

The Brucella abortus ribosomal protein L7/L12 is an immunodominant antigen and an interesting candidate for the development of oral live vaccines against brucellosis. Here, a recombinant Lactococcus lactis strain producing L7/L12 under the control of nisin inducible promoter was orally administered to BALB/c mice. Significant levels of anti-L7/L12 specific IgA detected in feces revealed an induced local humoral immune response. However, serum analysis did not reveal any anti-L7/L12 antibodies suggesting the absence of a systemic response. Nevertheless, the vaccinated mice showed a partial protective immunity against B. abortus virulent strain (S2308) challenged by intraperitoneal inoculation.
SPECT Anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody Detection of Occult Colorectal Carcinoma Metastases (1991)

Radioimmunodetection (RAID) using Tc-99m labeled Fab' fragments of the anti-CEA monoclonal antibody IMMU-4 was performed in a 68-year-old man for preoperative evaluation of colonic metastases. Planar images at 3 and 18 hours showed uptake within known metastases in the left lobe of the liver that had been observed with CT and at surgery during the preceding month. SPECT images at 3 hours demonstrated two additional unsuspected lesions. All sites were surgically confirmed the following day using intraoperative sonographic guidance, with the smallest occult lesion measuring only 6 x 9 mm. This case illustrates the limitations of CT and surgery, the potential of RAID for the detection of occult metastases, the increased sensitivity of SPECT over planar images for detecting lesions less than 1 cm in diameter, and the value of intraoperative guidance for small nonpalpable lesions.
Existence Conditions for Discrete Noncanonical Multiwindow Gabor Schemes (2007)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> A class of noncanonical duals for multiwindow Gabor (MWG) schemes, encompassing both rational and integer oversampling of the Gaborian combined time-frequency space, is considered. Using properties of Gabor frame matrices (GFM), block discrete Fourier transforms (BDFTs), and results from number theory, we use matrix factorization to establish existence conditions for noncanonical duals for both integer and rational oversampling rates, in the signal domain. For comparison and completeness of the results, we also obtain the equivalent results in the finite Zak transform (FZT) domain. </para>
Towards an index of cognitive efficacy EEG-based estimation of cognitive load among individuals experiencing cancer-related cognitive decline (2010)

This paper describes an effort to estimate variations in cognitive effort among cancer survivors experiencing treatment related cognitive decline. EEG-based cognitive state sensing algorithms were validated in the context of an experiment with 5 brain cancer and 5 breast cancer survivors. Workload was manipulated by varying text complexity and time pressure. Analysis indicates that EEG-based cognitive state sensing algorithms were able to distinguish between high and low cognitive workload with an average classification accuracy of 0.84. Results suggest that 5 to 10 channels of EEG can provide enough information to achieve classification accuracies exceeding 0.80. The highest density of informative sites were over the left temporal and mid to inferior frontal regions in the left hemisphere - regions that play a major role in language.
Increased Rheb-TOR signaling enhances sensitivity of the whole organism to oxidative stress (2006)

The accumulation of free radical damage to an organism over its lifespan can cause premature aging and disease including cancer, atherosclerosis and neurodegenerative disorders. The well-conserved Rheb-Target-of-rapamycin (TOR)-S6-kinase (S6K) signaling pathway regulates several cellular processes and has been shown to influence lifespan and diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Using adult Drosophila, we describe for the first time in metazoans that TOR activity can influence the stress response. We find that mildly increasing systemic Rheb-TOR-S6K signaling sensitizes the whole organism to oxidative stress and promotes senescence of locomotor activity with age. Furthermore, we find that S6K is required for increased Rheb-TOR signaling to sensitize the whole organism to oxidative stress and promote the senescence of locomotor activity. Interestingly, we also find that increasing Rheb-TOR signaling in muscle can increase the sensitivity of adults to oxidative stress. These data imply that pathological situations that increase TOR activity might perturb the ability of the whole organism to cope with stress causing disease progression and aging.
Bootstrapped Motion of an Agent on an Adaptive Resource Landscape (2021)

We theoretically show that isolated agents that locally and symmetrically consume resources and sense positive resource gradients can generate constant motion via bootstrapped resource gradients in the absence of any externally imposed gradients, and we show a realization of this motion using robots. This self-generated agent motion can be coupled with neighboring agents to act as a spontaneously broken symmetry seed for emergent collective dynamics. We also show that in a sufficiently weak externally imposed gradient, it is possible for an agent to move against an external resource gradient due to the local resource depression on the landscape created by an agent. This counter-intuitive boot-strapped motion against an external gradient is demonstrated with a simple robot system on an light-emitting diode (LED) light-board.
Status of fusion research and implications for D/He-3 systems (1988)

World wide programs in both magnetic confinement and inertial confinement fusion research have made steady progress towards the experimental demonstration of energy breakeven. However, after breakeven is achieved, considerable time and effort must still be expended to develop a usable power plant. The main program described is focused on Deuterium-Tritium devices. In magnetic confinement, three of the most promising high beta approaches with a reasonable experimental data base are the Field Reversed Configuration, the high field tokamak, and the dense Z-pinch. The situation is less clear in inertial confinement where the first step requires an experimental demonstration of D/T spark ignition. It appears that fusion research has reached a point in time where an R and D plan to develop a D/He-3 fusion reactor can be laid out with some confidence of success.
Measurement of InAsBi mole fraction and InBi lattice constant using Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and X-ray diffraction (2016)

Several 1 μm thick, nearly lattice-matched InAsBi layers grown on GaSb are examined using Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and X-ray diffraction. Random Rutherford backscattering measurements indicate that the average Bi mole fraction ranges from 0.0503 to 0.0645 for the sample set, and ion-channeling measurements indicate that the Bi atoms are substitutional. The X-ray diffraction measurements show a diffraction sideband near the main (004) diffraction peak, indicating that the Bi mole fraction is not laterally uniform in the layer. The average out-of-plane tetragonal distortion is determined by modeling the main and sideband diffraction peaks, from which the average unstrained lattice constant of each sample is determined. By comparing the Bi mole fraction measured by random Rutherford backscattering with the InAsBi lattice constant for the sample set, the lattice constant of zinc blende InBi is determined to be 6.6107 Å.