gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cluster of High-Powered Racks Within a Raised-Floor Computer Data Center: Effect of Perforated Tile Flow Distribution on Rack Inlet Air Temperatures (2004)

This paper focuses on the effect on rack inlet air temperatures as a result of maldistribution of airflows exiting the perforated tiles located adjacent to the fronts of the racks. The flow distribution exiting the perforated tiles was generated from a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tool called Tileflow (trademark of Innovative Research, Inc.). Both raised floor heights and perforated tile-free areas were varied in order to explore the effect on rack inlet temperatures. The flow distribution exiting the perforated tiles was used as boundary conditions to the above-floor CFD model. A CFD model was generated for the room with electronic equipment installed on a raised floor. Forty racks of data processing (DP) equipment were arranged in rows in a data center cooled by chilled air exhausting from perforated floor tiles. The chilled air was provided by four A/C units placed inside a room 12.1 m wide×13.4 m long. Because the arrangement of the racks in the data center was symmetric, only half of the data center was modeled. The numerical modeling for the area above the raised floor was performed using a commercially available finite control volume computer code called Flotherm (trademark of Flomerics, Inc.). The flow was modeled using the k-e turbulence model. Results are displayed to provide some guidance on the design and layout of a data center.
Exploring the Limits of Static Failover Routing (2014)

We present and study the Static-Routing-Resiliency problem, motivated by routing on the Internet: Given a graph $G$, a unique destination vertex $d$, and an integer constant $c&gt;0$, does there exist a static and destination-based routing scheme such that the correct delivery of packets from any source $s$ to the destination $d$ is guaranteed so long as (1) no more than $c$ edges fail and (2) there exists a physical path from $s$ to $d$? We embark upon a systematic exploration of this fundamental question in a variety of models (deterministic routing, randomized routing, with packet-duplication, with packet-header-rewriting) and present both positive and negative results that relate the edge-connectivity of a graph, i.e., the minimum number of edges whose deletion partitions $G$, to its resiliency.
The potential of the human CD38-specific antibody daratumumab to improve the antimyeloma effect of novel multidrug therapies including patients refractory to lenalidomide or bortezomib. (2011)

e18571 Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) represents an incurable malignancy of antibody-producing clonal plasma cells. Over the past decade significant progress has been made in MM treatment using novel immunomodulating agents such as lenalidomide (LEN) and bortezomib (BORT). Daratumumab (DARA) is a first-in-class human therapeutic CD38-specific antibody with a broad mechanism of action. DARA mediates MM cell death primarily via ADCC (antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity), CDC (complement dependent cytotoxicity) and apoptosis. We are currently exploring the possibility to further improve MM therapy by combining novel MM therapeutics with DARA. Our initial in vitro work already showed significantly improved MM cell killing by combining DARA with LEN treatment. Methods: In ex vivo assays, which allow us to address killing of MM cells in bone marrow aspirates isolated from MM patients, we now investigated whether the addition of DARA to the LEN+BORT combination significantly exceeds the effectiveness of LEN+BORT treatment alone. DARA was also combined with two recently introduced triple combination therapies: LEN, BORT, dexamethasone (RVD) and melphalan, prednisone, BORT (MPV). Results: we demonstrate that the addition of DARA to the LEN+BORT combination significantly exceeds the effectiveness of LEN+BORT treatment alone (P<0.001). Strikingly, killing was most improved in treatment of patient samples which showed poor responses to the LEN-BORT combination. Notably, 5 of these samples were derived from patients who were refractory to BORT and/or LEN. In these samples DARA increased MM cell killing up to 50%. Furthemore, when DARA was combined with novel triple agent regimens RVD and MPV, it almost doubled MM cell killing especially in the low-dose range of these novel cocktails. Conclusions: Our results illustrate that treatment of MM with DARA in combination with novel multidrug therapies bears great promise.
Universal statistical cure for predicting memory loss (2011)

Novel nonvolatile memory (NVM) technologies are gaining significant attention from semiconductor industry in the competition of universal memory development. However, as nanoscale devices, these emerging NVMs suffer from the intrinsic technology challenges such as large process variations. The importance of effective statistical approaches for yield estimation and robust design arises in the commercialization of the emerging nonvolatile memory technologies. In this paper, we used Spin-Transfer Torque Random Access Memory (STT-RAM) as an example to explain some new memory failures mechanisms we have to face in the emerging memory technologies. Then, we applied a mixture importance sampling methodology to enable yield-driven design and extended its application beyond memories to peripheral circuits and logic blocks. The goal of these discussions is to propose a universal statistical methodology to predict memory loss and enable robust design practices.
Non-Mendelian epigenetic heredity: gametic RNAs as epigenetic regulators and transgenerational signals (2010)

Inheritance of epigenetic variations may account for a significant part of heritability in human and in mammalian models. Heritable epigenetic variations were reported in plants under the name 'paramutation' more than 50 years ago. Reports by E. Whitelaw and her colleagues and by our laboratory now describe a variety of situations resulting in epigenetic inheritance in mouse systems. In the three cases that we have analysed, a transcriptional increase is initiated by RNAs related to the locus, either microRNAs or transcript fragments. RNAs carried by the spermatozoon appear as the transgenerational signals responsible for paternal transmission. Extension from mouse models to human heredity, obviously speculative at present, is encouraged by the high load of RNA in human sperm.
Effect of 802.11 adaptive exponential backoffs on the fluidity of downlink flows in mesh networks (2008)

Efficient multihop traffic management is a need for successful Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) deployment. Using an analogy with fluid mechanism, we classify a flow as laminar if the packets flow smoothly from the Wired Access Point (WAP) over the mesh network, and as turbulent otherwise. We identify a particular but frequent collision scenario, which sets the flow to be turbulent, resulting in a strongly reduced downlink end-to-end throughput. We show that the exponential backoff mechanism in an 802.11 WMN is responsible for this problem and suggest a modification of the current exponential backoff policy of 802.11 for WMNs. We support these findings both with simulations and real measurements on a testbed infrastructure.
Characterization of a Perfluorinated Ketone for LIF Applications (2008)

A perfluorinated ketone, 2-trifluoromethyl-1,1,1,2,4,4,5,5,5-nonafluoro-3-pentanone, has been investigated to determine several physical and spectroscopic properties. It was found to exhibit fluorescence similar to that of acetone, emitting over the 360-550 nm range with a peak near 420 nm when excited at 355 nm. This compound's emission is nearly unaffected over a wide range of temperature and pressure in an argon bath gas. Its fluorescence efficiency was found to be three times higher than that of acetone. Combined with low reactivity and thermal stability up to 500°C, this makes the material an excellent tracer for flow applications near critical conditions.
Precision spectroscopy of NH3 at 9.1 μm by a comb-referenced quantum cascade laser (2013)

Absorption spectroscopy of NH3 at 9.1 μm is demonstrated with a quantum-cascade-laser absolutely referenced to a Tm-fiber frequency-comb. Highly-accurate spectroscopic parameters are retrieved by a multiple-line fitting approach applied to the spectral manifold.
Rapid Quantitative Analysis of Multiple Explosive Compound Classes on a Single Instrument via Flow‐Injection Analysis Tandem Mass Spectrometry (2018)

A flow-injection analysis tandem mass spectrometry (FIA MSMS) method was developed for rapid quantitative analysis of 10 different inorganic and organic explosives. Performance is optimized by tailoring the ionization method (APCI/ESI), de-clustering potentials, and collision energies for each specific analyte. In doing so, a single instrument can be used to detect urea nitrate, potassium chlorate, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 2,4,6-trinitrophenylmethylnitramine, triacetone triperoxide, hexamethylene triperoxide diamine, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, 1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine, nitroglycerin, and octohy-dro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine with sensitivities all in the picogram per milliliter range. In conclusion, FIA APCI/ESI MSMS is a fast (<1 min/sample), sensitive (~pg/mL LOQ), and precise (intraday RSD < 10%) method for trace explosive detection that can play an important role in criminal and attributional forensics, counterterrorism, and environmental protection areas, and has the potential to augment or replace several of the existing explosive detection methods.
Development and progress in thin film Si photovoltaic technologies (2014)

Photovoltaic Power Generation Technology Research Association (PVTEC) has organized the consortium of one national research institute and five private companies, which has been supported technically by three universities. It has developed thin film Si PV technologies of improving conversion efficiency and developing a high-productivity Si deposition apparatus. For improving the conversion efficiency, the stabilized efficiency of 10.1% for an a-Si:H cell, 11.0% for a μc-Si cell, and 12.2% with light induced degradation ratio of less than 3% have been achieved, respectively. We have also successfully developed a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) machine, which can deposit high-quality μc-Si films uniformly on a large-scale substrate with high deposition-rate by using very high frequency (VHF) plasma.
Efficient Lentiviral Transduction and Improved Engraftment of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Cells (2005)

Human bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells are potentially attractive targets for ex vivo gene therapy. The potential of lentiviral vectors for transducing BM mesenchymal cells was examined using a self-inactivating vector that expressed the green fluorescent protein (GFP) from an internal cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter. This vector was compared with oncoretroviral vectors expressing GFP from the CMV promoter or a modified long-terminal repeat that had been optimized for long-term expression in stem cells. The percentage of GFP-positive cells was consistently higher following lentiviral versus oncoretroviral transduction, consistent with increased GFP mRNA levels and increased gene transfer efficiency measured by polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot analysis. In vitro GFP and FVIII expression lasted for several months post-transduction, although expression slowly declined. The transduced cells retained their stem/progenitor cell properties since they were still capable of differentiating along adipogenic and osteogenic lineages in vitro while maintaining high GFP and FVIII expression levels. Implantation of lentivirally transduced human BM mesenchymal cells using collagen scaffolds into immunodeficient mice resulted in efficient engraftment of gene-engineered cells and long-term transgene expression in vivo. These biocompatible BM mesenchymal implants represent a reversible, safe, and versatile protein delivery approach because they can be retrieved in the event of an unexpected adverse reaction or when expression of the protein of interest is no longer required. In conclusion, efficient gene delivery with lentiviral vectors in conjunction with the use of bioengineered reversible scaffolds improves the therapeutic prospects of this novel approach for gene therapy, protein delivery, or tissue engineering.
Targeting the methyltransferase SETD8 impairs tumor cell survival and overcomes drug resistance independently of p53 status in multiple myeloma (2019)

SUMMARY Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy of plasma cells that largely remains incurable. The search for new therapeutic targets is therefore essential. Here we show that a higher expression of the lysine methyltransferase SETD8, which is responsible for histone H4K20 mono-methylation, is an adverse prognosis factor associated with a poor outcome in two cohorts of newly diagnosed patients. Remarkably, primary malignant plasma cells are particularly addicted to SETD8 activity. Indeed, pharmacological inhibition of this enzyme by the chemical compound UNC0379 demonstrated a significantly higher toxicity in MM cells compared to normal cells from the bone marrow microenvironment. Moreover, RNA sequencing and functional studies revealed that SETD8 inhibition induces a mature non-proliferating plasma cell signature and an activation of the p53 canonical pathway, which together leads to an impairment of myeloma cell proliferation and survival. However, UNC0379 treatment triggers a deadly level of replicative stress in p53 deficient MM cells, indicating that the cytotoxicity associated with SETD8 inhibition is independent of the p53 status. Consistent with this, the combination of UNC0379 with the conventional cytotoxic agent melphalan strongly enhances DNA damage and overcomes drug resistance in myeloma cells. Thus, targeting SETD8 could be of therapeutic interest to improve MM treatment in high-risk patients independently of the p53 status.
A High Strength Nanocomposite Based on Microcrystalline Cellulose and Polyurethane (2007)

A high-strength elastomeric nanocomposite has successfully been prepared by dispersing microcrystalline cellulose in a polyurethane matrix. The resulting nanocomposites show increased strain-to-failure in addition to increased stiffness and strength compared to the unfilled polyurethane. The optimal composite contained 5 wt % cellulose. The average true strength for this composition was 257 MPa, compared with 39 MPa for the neat polyurethane, and showed the highest strain-to-failure. The improvements of stiffness, strength, as well as strain-to-failure are believed to be due to good interaction, by both covalent and hydrogen bonds, between the polyurethane and the cellulose nanofibrils.
Performance Improvement of an ArF Excimer Laser for Microlithography by Means of Gaseous Impurity Control (2005)

The effect of small amounts of gaseous additives and impurities on ArF laser performance has been studied. It has been found that the output characteristics of the ArF laser improves significantly at a xenon concentration of 10 ppm but strongly deteriorates at impurity concentrations above 10 ppm of e.g. O2, CF4 and HF, especially, at high laser repetition rates. A new laser discharge chamber has therefore been developed using metal seals and coating the inner chamber walls with thin fluoride layers. The layers prevent impurities that are otherwise generated through chemical reactions between the fluorine of the laser gas and the chamber wall. The output stability of the ArF excimer laser has been very successfully improved by the new chamber design for repetition rates up to 4 kHz.
17O NMR spectroscopy of 4‐substituted pyridine N‐oxides: Substituent and solvent effects (1985)

Abstract The 17 O chemical shifts for 4‐substituted pyridine N ‐oxides at natural abundance were measured in acetonitrile at 50°C. Electron withdrawing groups caused deshielding and electron donating groups caused shielding of the 17 O resonance. The data are correlated with 17 O chemical shifts of substituted anisoles by DSP treatment and with ionization potentials. The chemical shift range for the substituents (methoxy to nitro) is exceptionally large (102 ppm). The 17 O signal of the pyridine N ‐oxides is substantially shifted in aqueous solution; the differences in chemical shifts between acetonitrile and water for the nitro, parent and methoxy compounds are 85, 75 and 59 ppm, respectively.
Cytotoxic Agents from Terminalia arjuna (2007)

Although a number of chemicals have been isolated from Terminalia arjuna, only a few have been evaluated for their biological significance. As a part of our drug discovery programme for cytotoxic agents from Indian medicinal plants, four novel cytotoxic agents arjunic acid (1), arjungenin (2), arjunetin (3) and arjunoglucoside I (4) were isolated from the bark of T. ARJUNA. Out of the four compounds, arjunic acid (1) was significantly active against the human oral (KB), ovarian (PA 1) and liver (HepG-2 & WRL-68) cancer cell lines. Further, the most active compound arjunic acid was converted into seven semi-synthetic ester derivatives 5 - 11. 2-O-Palmitoyl arjunic acid (6) showed two times more activity, while 2, 3-di-O-acetyl-, 2-O-p-anisoyl-, 2, 3-di-O-benzoyl- and 2, 3-di-O-p-nitrobenzoyl arjunic acid (7 - 10) showed 1.7 - 2.3 times less activity than the cytotoxic drug vinblastine against the liver cancer cell lines HepG-2 and WRL-68 respectively.
Supplementary Table 10 from Clusterin Is a Gene-Specific Target of microRNA-21 in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;XLSX file - 34K, mRNA expression changes after transient transfection of miR-21 in NOKSI.&lt;/p&gt;
T cell receptor complexes containing Fc epsilon RI gamma homodimers in lieu of CD3 zeta and CD3 eta components: a novel isoform expressed on large granular lymphocytes. (1992)

CD3 zeta and CD3 eta form disulfide-linked homo- or heterodimers important in targeting partially assembled Ti alpha-beta/CD3 gamma delta epsilon T cell receptor (TCR) complexes to the cell surface and transducing stimulatory signals after antigen recognition. Here we identify a new TCR isoform expressed on splenic CD2+, CD3/Ti alpha-beta+, CD4-, CD8-, CD16+, NK1.1+ mouse large granular lymphocytes (LGL), which are devoid of CD3 zeta and CD3 eta proteins. The TCRs of this subset contain homodimers of the gamma subunit of the high affinity receptor for IgE (Fc epsilon RI gamma) in lieu of CD3 zeta and/or CD3 eta proteins. The LGL display natural killer-like activity and are cytotoxic for B cell hybridomas producing anti-CD3 epsilon and anti-CD16 monoclonal antibodies, demonstrating the signaling capacity of both TCR and CD16 in this cell type. These findings provide evidence for an additional level of complexity of TCR signal transduction isoforms in naturally occurring T cell subsets.
Image‐guided biopsy of small renal masses in the era of ablative therapies (2012)

Our findings showed that image-guided biopsy of indeterminate small renal masses is safe and can provide the correct diagnosis with a high degree of accuracy. Thus, this procedure can play an important role in establishing a histopathological diagnosis before treatment of enhancing small renal masses with ablative technologies. Furthermore, repeat biopsy can alter the clinical management of non-diagnostic biopsies.
Furfural Hydrogenation on Modified Niobia (2019)

In this study, niobia-based materials have been used as supports for Pt nanoparticles and used in the hydrogenation of furfural. The incorporation of dopants (W6+ and Ti4+) in the Nb2O5 structure induced modifications in the surface acidity of the support; in particular, the addition of W6+ increased the amount of Lewis acid sites, while the addition of Ti4+ decreased the number of Lewis acid sites. As a result, the catalytic activity towards the hydrogenation of furfural was affected; high surface acidity resulted in high catalytic activity. The selectivity of the reaction changed with the support acidity as well, with higher amount of furfuryl alcohol produced decreasing the Lewis acid sites.
Efficacy of oseltamivir treatment in influenza virus infected obese mice (2021)

ABSTRACT Obesity has been epidemiologically and empirically linked with more severe disease upon influenza infection. To ameliorate severe disease, treatment with antivirals, such as the neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir, are suggested to begin within days of infection, especially in hosts at higher risk for poor outcomes. However, this treatment is often poorly effective and can generate resistance variants within the treated host. Here, we hypothesized that oseltamivir treatment would not be effective in genetically obese mice and would generate a more diverse and drug resistant viral population. We demonstrated that oseltamivir treatment does not improve viral clearance in obese mice. While no traditional variants associated with oseltamivir resistance emerged, we did note that drug treatment failed to quench the viral population and did lead to phenotypic drug resistance in vitro. Mechanistically, we demonstrate the blunted interferon response in obese hosts may be contributing to treatment failure, as type I interferon receptor deficient mice also fail to clear influenza virus infection upon oseltamivir administration. Together, these studies suggest that the unique pathogenesis and immune responses in obese mice could have implications for pharmaceutical interventions and the within-host dynamics of the influenza virus population. IMPORTANCE Influenza virus infections, while typically resolving within days to weeks, can turn critical especially in high-risk populations. Prompt antiviral administration is crucial to mitigating these severe sequalae, yet concerns remain if antiviral treatment is effective in hosts with obesity. Here, we show that oseltamivir does not improve viral clearance in genetically obese or type I IFN receptor-deficient mice and increases the genetic entropy of the within-host viral population. This suggests a blunted immune response may impair oseltamivir efficacy and render a host more susceptible to severe disease. This study furthers our understanding of oseltamivir treatment dynamics both systemically and in the lungs of obese mice, as well as the consequences of oseltamivir treatment for the within-host emergence of drug-resistant variants.