gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
.alpha.-Methyl amino acids. Resolution and amino protection (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT.alpha.-Methyl amino acids. Resolution and amino protectionJohn Turk, G. T. Panse, and Garland R. MarshallCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1975, 40, 7, 953–955Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00895a032https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00895a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views372Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evaluation of Protective Coatings on Magnesium for Phosphate Process Compatibility and Galvanic Corrosion Prevention (2002)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Bare magnesium is not compatible with the zinc phosphate process commonly used in automotive manufacturing today. If a magnesium component is assembled onto the vehicle prior to the phosphate process, it must be coated beforehand to prevent magnesium dissolution in the phosphate bath. In addition, for a component that must function in very corrosive environments, galvanic corrosion problems also need to be addressed because the component is most likely to be connected with a more noble metal such as steel fasteners or to another component made of steel or aluminum. In this paper, several coatings were evaluated for their effectiveness in stopping magnesium dissolution during the phosphate process and preventing galvanic corrosion. The results show that a porous anodized coating or a very thin chemical conversion coating does not completely stop magnesium dissolution during the phosphate process. An epoxy E-coat stops magnesium dissolution during the phosphate process but is not very effective in preventing galvanic corrosion. An epoxy powder coat or a properly sealed anodized film not only prevents magnesium dissolution in the phosphate bath but also provides good galvanic corrosion protection.&lt;/div&gt;
Jacalin: a lectin mitogenic for human CD4 T lymphoctyes (1990)

The major protein component of seeds from jackfruit is the lectin jacalin. Jackfruit crude extracts are known to stimulate human lymphocytes, but the mitogenic properties of purified jacalin have not been studied in detail so far. Study of the proliferative response of cell populations from normal human peripheral blood to purified jacalin showed it to be mitogenic through an interaction with lymphocytes by its lectin-binding site, as shown by inhibition by IgA. Jacalin failed to stimulate B cells to proliferate and to undergo plasma cell maturation. It induced a proliferation of CD4 (and not CD8) lymphocytes, as shown by phenotypic analysis of cells recovered after culture and by studies of the response of isolated T cell subpopulations. The proliferative response to jacalin was autologous monocyte-dependent. The kinetics of jacalin-induced DNA synthesis, expression of CD25 and interleukin-2 secretion was shifted by comparison with that induced by phytohaemagglutinin. The reason for the restricted responsiveness of CD4 T cells is presently unclear; jacalin bound to all blood cells and did not significantly co-cap with CD1, CD2, CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD38, and jacalin response was neither enhanced nor inhibited by antibodies to these surface antigens.
The Hutchinson Dictionary of Ancient and Medieval Warfare (2016)

The Dictionary of Ancient and Medieval Warfare provides a comprehensive guide to the battles and wars, commanders, tactics, formations, fortifications, and weapons of war in Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, India, China, and Japan from the beginning of recorded history to the 16th century. More than 3,000 entries, written by expert military historians, cover all aspects of warfare from the emergence of the earliest walled cities in the Ancient Near East up to and including the period of European discovery of the New World. The Dictionary is unique, the only work to cover 3,500 years of military history. Expert authors writing in their specialty have created the most comprehensive and accessible reference work ever produced on this subject.
Functional Evaluation of Iron Oxypyriporphyrin in Protein Heme Pocket (2008)

The iron complex of oxypyriporphyrin, a porphyrinoid containing a keto-substituted pyridine, was coupled with apomyoglobin. The reconstituted ferric myoglobin was found to be five-coordinate without iron-bound water molecules. The anionic ligands such as CN (-) and N 3 (-) bound the myoglobin with high affinities, while neutral imidazole did not. The IR observation indicated that the azide complex was pure high-spin, although the corresponding native protein was in the spin-state equilibrium. The reduced myoglobin was five-coordinate but exhibited no measurable affinity for O 2. The affinity for CO was lowered down to 1/2400 as compared with native myoglobin. These anomalies were ascribed to the deformation in the iron coordination core after the replacement of one of the four pyrroles with a larger pyridine ring. The ligand binding analyses for the ferric and ferrous myoglobin suggest that the proximal histidine pulls the iron atom from the deformed core to reduce the interaction between the iron and exogenous ligands. Similarity of the reconstituted myoglobin with guanylate cyclase, a NO-responsive signaling hemoprotein, was pointed out.
Anthropomorphic Test Devices for Military Scenarios (2017)

The study of impact biomechanics and occupant protection dates back almost a century to a fateful day in 1917 during World War I when a cadet pilot named Hugh DeHaven was the sole survivor of a mid-air collision during a training flight with the Canadian Royal Flying Corps. Occupant protection research typically involves subjecting a human to conditions that replicate those during an impact or other high acceleration event. Test subjects can be live human volunteers, post-mortem human subjects (PMHS), anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) or animals. For military applications, the ATDs most frequently used are the Hybrid III automotive frontal dummy and the FAA Hybrid III, the latter of which is designed for primarily vertical loading vectors. ATDs also referred to as manikins, mannequins or dummies, offer the simplest solution from an engineering perspective for conducting biomechanical testing. PMHS subjects probably offer the best combination of bio fidelity, ease of instrumentation and interpretation of measured responses.
MMSEC-RAKE receivers with resolution reduction of the diversity branches: analysis, simulation, and applications (2001)

In channels where the delay spread is smaller than the chip interval (e.g., an IS-95 system operating in indoor environments), spread-spectrum signals do not give rise to path diversity. In this situation, maximal-ratio combiner (MRC) RAKE receivers with resolution reduction (RR) of the diversity receiver branches may be used by the mobile stations to provide diversity gain, significantly improving system performance. A new resolution reduction technique based on the use of a minimum mean-square-error diversity combiner (MMSEC) is proposed in this work. We show that, under very general assumptions, this new method of RR is optimal. A detailed study of the performance of a dual-branch MMSEC-RAKE receiver with RR in a typical indoor office environment is presented. In order to allow a simple practical implementation, a suboptimal structure of the MMSEC is also proposed. Numerical results show that this new receiver scheme provides a 1.2-dB improvement over the previously proposed RR technique based on MRC, and a 4.9-dB improvement over conventional MRC-RAKE receiver without RR, at a frame-error rate of 0.01 for the downlink of the IS-95 system in a typical indoor office environment.
Experimental and Modeling Studies of WIPP Near-Field Chemistry by Sandia National Laboratories since the CRA-2004. (2008)

Abstract not provided.
Carbon nanofiber–RuO2–poly(benzimidazole) ternary hybrids for improved supercapacitor performance (2012)

Carbon nanofiber–RuO2–poly(benzimidazole) ternary hybrid electrode material which integrates dual wall decoration and interfacial area tuning for supercapacitor applications has been devised based on a simple approach. This is achieved by decorating RuO2 nanoparticles of size ca. 2–3 nm along the inner and outer walls of a hollow carbon nanofiber (CNF) support (F-20RuO2). In the next step, a proton conducting polymer, phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazole (PBI-BuI), interface is created along the inner and outer surfaces of this material. A 103% increase in the specific capacitance is obtained for RuO2–PBI hybrid material as compared to that of F-20RuO2 at the optimum level of the polymer wrapping. Apart from the high specific capacitance, the RuO2–PBI hybrid materials exhibit enhanced rate capability and excellent electrochemical stability of 98% retention in the capacitance. Such a remarkably high activity can be primarily attributed to the efficient dispersion of active sites achieved by properly utilizing inner and outer surfaces of CNF. Apart from this, the facile routes for ion transport created as a result of PBI incorporation coupled with excellent interfacial contact between the RuO2 and the electrolyte resulting in the improved utilization of the active material also contribute to the improved activity. In addition to this, the synergistic effects of pseudocapacitive contribution from both the PBI-BuI and RuO2 also contribute to the redefined performance characteristics.
Active Popularity Learning with Cache Hit Ratio Guarantees using a Matrix Completion Committee (2020)

Edge caching is a promising technology to face the stringent latency requirements and back-haul traffic overloading in 5G wireless networks. However, acquiring the contents and modeling the optimal cache strategy is a challenging task. In this work, we use an active learning approach to learn the content popularities since it allows the system to leverage the trade-off between exploration and exploitation. Exploration refers to caching new files whereas exploitation use known files to cache, to achieve a good cache hit ratio. In this paper, we mainly focus to learn popularities as fast as possible while guaranteeing an operational cache hit ratio constraint. The effectiveness of proposed learning and caching policies are demonstrated via simulation results as a function of variance, cache hit ratio and used storage.
D2.1 iNGENIOUS USE CASES, KPIs AND REQUIREMENTS (2021)

This deliverable defines and compile the different scenarios gathered in six use cases that are relevant for the project as part of the supply chain ecosystem. For each use case, partners have defined explicit requirements and KPIs (both network and service related) that will be targeted on the development phase.
Can open-loop control algorithms solve the data center switching problem? (2019)

There is a world-wide push to create the next generation all-optical transmission and switching technologies for exascale data centers. In this paper we focus on the switching fabrics. Many different types of 2D architectures are being explored including MEMS/waveguides and semiconductor optical amplifiers. However, these tend to suffer from high, path dependent losses and crosstalk issues. The technologies with the best optical properties demonstrated to date in large fabrics (&amp;gt;100 ports) are 3D MEMS beam steering approaches. These have low average insertion losses, and equally important, a narrow loss distribution. However, 3D MEMS fabrics are generally dismissed from serious consideration for this application because of their slow switching speeds (~few milliseconds) and costs ($100/port). In this paper we show how novel feedforward open loop controls can solve both problems by improving switching speeds by two orders of magnitude and costs by one order of magnitude. With these improvements in hand, we believe 3D MEMS fabrics can become the technology of choice for data centers.
Human complement receptor type 1–directed loading of tissue plasminogen activator on circulating erythrocytes for prophylactic fibrinolysis (2006)

Plasminogen activators (PAs) are not used for thromboprophylaxis due to rapid clearance, bleeding, and extravascular toxicity. We describe a novel strategy that overcomes these limitations. We conjugated tissue-type PA (tPA) to a monoclonal antibody (mAb) against complement receptor type 1 (CR1) expressed primarily on human RBCs. Anti-CR1/tPA conjugate, but not control conjugate (mIgG/tPA), bound to human RBCs (1.2 x 10(3) tPA molecules/cell at saturation), endowing them with fibrinolytic activity. In vitro, RBC-bound anti-CR1/tPA caused 90% clot lysis versus 20% by naive RBCs. In vivo, more than 40% of anti-CR1/(125)I-tPA remained within the circulation ( approximately 90% bound to RBCs) 3 hours after injection in transgenic mice expressing human CR1 (TgN-hCR1) versus less than 10% in wild-type (WT) mice, without RBC damage; approximately 90% of mIgG/(125)I-tPA was cleared from the circulation within 30 minutes in both WT and TgN-hCR1 mice. Anti-CR1/tPA accelerated lysis of pulmonary emboli and prevented stable occlusive carotid arterial thrombi from forming after injection in TgN-hCR1 mice, but not in WT mice, whereas soluble tPA and mIgG/tPA were ineffective. Anti-CR1/tPA caused 20-fold less rebleeding in TgN-hCR1 mice than the same dose of tPA. CR1-directed immunotargeting of PAs to circulating RBCs provides a safe and practical means to deliver fibrinolytics for thromboprophylaxis in settings characterized by a high imminent risk of thrombosis.
Electrokinetic and solvatochromic studies of functionalized silica particles (2000)

Zeta potential plots, Kamlet-Taft's α (hydrogen bond-donating, HBD), β (hydrogen bond-accepting, HBA), and π* (dipolarity/polarizability) parameters as well as Gutmann's DN (donor numbers) are presented for 12 differently functionalized (i.e. alkyl, cyanoalkyl, aminoalkyl, and imidazolidine) silica particles. The pH-dependent zeta potential plots were measured in aqueous solution, whereas the solvatochromic studies were performed in 1,2-dichloroethane and cyclohexane as solvents using a special UV/visible spectroscopic technique. For the determination of the solvatochromic polarity parameters, a set of carefully characterized polarity indicators was employed: Cu(tmen)(acac)+B(C6H5)4 - for β and DN; dicyano-bis(1,10-phenanthroline)iron(II) for α; 4,4′-bis(N,N-dimethylamino)benzophenone for π*; and an aminobenzofuranone derivative {3-(4-amino-3-methylphenyl)-7-phenyl-benzo[1,2b : 4,5b′]difuran-2,6-dione} (ABF) for α, β, and π*. The calculation of the polarity parameters was carried out via linear solvation energy (LSE) correlation equations using the Kamlet-Taft solvent parameters as a reference system. A linear correlation between the electrokinetically determined value of the isoelectric point and the β parameter of the functionalized silicas is demonstrated.
Protein Phosphatase 2A Forms a Molecular Complex with Shc and Regulates Shc Tyrosine Phosphorylation and Downstream Mitogenic Signaling (2002)

Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a multimeric serine/threonine phosphatase that carries out multiple functions. Although numerous observations suggest that PP2A plays a major role in downregulation of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway, the precise mechanisms are unknown. To clarify the role of PP2A in growth factor (insulin, epidermal growth factor [EGF], and insulin-like growth factor 1 [IGF-1]) stimulation of the Ras/MAP kinase pathway, simian virus 40 small t antigen was expressed in Rat-1 fibroblasts which overexpress insulin receptors. Small t antigen is known to specifically inhibit PP2A by binding to the A PP2A regulatory subunit, interfering with the ability of PP2A to bind to its cellular substrates. Overexpressed small t protein was coimmunoprecipitated with PP2A and inhibited cellular PP2A activity but did not inhibit protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) activity. Insulin, IGF-1, and EGF stimulation also inhibited PP2A activity. Growth factor-stimulated Ras, Raf-1, MAP kinase, and mitogen-activated extracellular-signal-regulated kinase kinase (MEK) activities were elevated in small-t-antigen-expressing cells. Furthermore, Shc tyrosine phosphorylation and its association with Grb2 were also elevated in small-t-antigen-expressing cells. Expression levels of Shc, Ras, MEK, or MAP kinase and phosphorylation of insulin, EGF, and IGF-1 receptors were not altered. Interestingly, we found that PP2A associated with Shc in the basal state and dissociated in response to insulin and EGF and that this dissociation was inhibited by 65% in small-t-antigen-expressing cells. In addition, we found that PP2A associates with the phosphotyrosine-binding domain (PTB domain) of Shc and that phosphorylation of tyrosine 317 of Shc was required for PP2A-Shc dissociation. We conclude (i) that PP2A negatively regulates the Ras/MAP kinase pathway by binding to Shc, inhibiting tyrosine phosphorylation; (ii) that the Shc-PP2A association is mediated by the Shc PTB domain but the interaction is independent of phosphotyrosine binding, indicating a new molecular function for the PTB domain; (iii) that growth factor stimulation, or small-t-antigen expression, causes dissociation of the PP2A-Shc complex, facilitating Shc phosphorylation and downstream activations of the Ras/MAP kinase pathway; and (iv) that this defines a new mechanism of small-t-antigen action to promote mitogenesis.
Quasi-Two-Dimensional Heterostructures (KM1 – xTe)(LaTe3) (M = Mn and Zn) with Charge Density Waves (2021)

Layered heterostructure materials with two different functional building blocks can teach us about emergent physical properties and phenomena arising from interactions between the layers. We report intergrowth compounds KLaM1 – xTe4 (M = Mn and Zn; x ≈ 0.35) featuring two chemically distinct alternating layers [LaTe3] and [KM1 – xTe]. Their crystal structures are incommensurate, determined by single X-ray diffraction for the Mn compound and a transmission electron microscope study for the Zn compound. KLaMn1 – xTe4 crystallizes in the orthorhombic superspace group Pmnm(01/2γ)s00 with lattice parameters a = 4.4815(3) Å, b = 21.6649(16) Å, and c = 4.5220(3) Å. It exhibits charge density wave order at room temperature with a modulation wave vector q = 1/2b* + 0.3478c* originating from electronic instability of Te-square nets in [LaTe3] layers. The Mn analog exhibits a cluster spin glass behavior with spin freezing temperature Tf ≈ 5 K attributed to disordered Mn vacancies and competing magnetic interactions in the [Mn1 – xTe] layers. The Zn analog also has charge density wave order at room temperature with a similar q-vector having the c* component ∼0.346 confirmed by selected-area electron diffraction. Electron transfer from [KM1 – xTe] to [LaTe3] layers exists in KLaM1 – xTe4, leading to an enhanced electronic specific heat coefficient. The resistivities of KLaM1 – xTe4 (M = Mn and Zn) exhibit metallic behavior at high temperatures and an upturn at low temperatures, suggesting partial localization of carriers in the [LaTe3] layers with some degree of disorder associated with the M atom vacancies in the [M1 – xTe] layers.
Cell Cycle-Regulated Processing of HEF1 to Multiple Protein Forms Differentially Targeted to Multiple Subcellular Compartments (1998)

HEF1, p130(Cas), and Efs/Sin constitute a family of multidomain docking proteins that have been implicated in coordinating the regulation of cell adhesion. Each of these proteins contains an SH3 domain, conferring association with focal adhesion kinase; a domain rich in SH2-binding sites, phosphorylated by or associating with a number of oncoproteins, including Abl, Crk, Fyn, and others; and a highly conserved carboxy-terminal domain. In this report, we show that the HEF1 protein is processed in a complex manner, with transfection of a single cDNA resulting in the generation of at least four protein species, p115(HEF1), p105(HEF1), p65(HEF1), and p55(HEF1). We show that p115(HEF1) and p105(HEF1) are different phosphorylation states of the full-length HEF1. p55(HEF1), however, encompasses only the amino-terminal end of the HEF1 coding sequence and arises via cleavage of full-length HEF1 at a caspase consensus site. We find that HEF1 proteins are abundantly expressed in epithelial cells derived from breast and lung tissue in addition to the lymphoid cells in which they have been predominantly studied to date. In MCF-7 cells, we find that expression of the endogenous HEF1 proteins is cell cycle regulated, with p105(HEF1) and p115(HEF1) being rapidly upregulated upon induction of cell growth, whereas p55(HEF1) is produced specifically at mitosis. While p105(HEF1) and p115(HEF1) are predominantly cytoplasmic and localize to focal adhesions, p55(HEF1) unexpectedly is shown to associate with the mitotic spindle. In support of a role at the spindle, two-hybrid library screening with HEF1 identifies the human homolog of the G2/M spindle-regulatory protein Dim1p as a specific interactor with a region of HEF1 encompassed in p55(HEF1). In sum, these data suggest that HEF1 may directly connect morphological control-related signals with cell cycle regulation and thus play a role in pathways leading to the progression of cancer.
Feasibility study of a new RF coil design for prostate MRI (2014)

The combined use of a torso-pelvic RF array coil and endorectal RF coil is the current state-of-the-art in prostate MRI. The endorectal coil provides high detection sensitivity to acquire high-spatial resolution images and spectroscopic data, while the torso-pelvic coil provides large coverage to assess pelvic lymph nodes and pelvic bones for metastatic disease. However, the use of an endorectal coil is an invasive procedure that presents difficulties for both patients and technicians. In this study, we propose a novel non-invasive RF coil design that can provide both image signal to noise ratio and field of view coverage comparable to the combined torso-pelvic and endorectal coil configuration. A prototype coil was constructed and tested using a pelvic phantom. The results demonstrate that this new design is a viable alternative for prostate MRI.
Atomic imaging and spectroscopy of low-dimensional materials with interrupted periodicities (2012)

Identification of individual atoms and examination of their electronic properties in materials are the ultimate goal of all microscopy-based analytical techniques. Here, we demonstrate successful single-atom imaging and spectroscopy in low-dimensional materials using (scanning) transmission electron microscopy together with electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). Edges and point defects in single-layered materials such as graphene, hexagonal boron nitride and WS(2) nanoribbons are investigated by annular dark-field imaging and EELS fine-structure analysis. Individual dopant atoms are unambiguously identified in nano-peapods. It is noteworthy that irradiation damage and specimen contamination even at the single-atom level are crucial issues in these experiments.