gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Water‐Induced and Wavelength‐Dependent Light Absorption and Emission Dynamics in Triple‐Cation Halide Perovskites (2021)

Abstract Metal halide perovskites (MHP) can be made more stable through the addition of small amounts of cesium. Despite the improvement, these multication absorbers still display strong environmental sensitivity to any combination of factors, including water, oxygen, bias, temperature, and light. Here, the relationship is elucidated between light absorption, charge carrier radiative recombination, and relative humidity (rH) for the Cs 0.05 FA 0.79 MA 0.16 Pb(I 0.83 Br 0.17 ) 3 composition, revealing partially reversible reductions in the extinction coefficient and fully reversible 25× enhancements in absolute light emission registered across the same humidity cycles up to 70% rH. With in situ excitation wavelength‐dependent measurements, irreversible changes are identified in the perovskite after a single cycle of humidity‐dependent photoluminescence (PL) performed with 450 nm excitation. The in situ measurement platform can be extended to test the effect of other stressors on thin films’ optical behavior.
Evidence for a pool of non‐recycling transferrin receptors in peripheral sheep reticulocytes (1986)

Sheep reticulocytes from phlebotomized animals have a total transferrin binding potential that may exceed by an order of magnitude the surface binding capacity. Steady state uptake of transferrin at 37 degrees C is generally less than 50% of the total transferrin binding capacity. During long-term incubation of the reticulocytes, all transferrin binding ability is lost, the ability to internalize being lost most rapidly. The loss in ability to bind transferrin during long-term incubation is independent of the number of surface transferrin binding sites, since removal of surface receptors with pronase does not affect the rate of loss of the internal pool of receptors during long-term incubation. Moreover, after removing surface receptors with pronase, only a fraction of the original number of receptors is restored to the surface, despite the presence of a large pool of internal receptors. These data suggest that only a fraction of the internal pool of receptors is capable of recycling to the cell surface in sheep reticulocytes.
Nanostructuring of conduction channels in (In,Ga)As-InP heterostructures: Overcoming carrier generation caused by Ar ion milling (2018)

Nanometer-sized channels are fabricated in (In,Ga)As-InP heterostructures using Ar ion milling. The ion milling causes spontaneous creation of nanowires, and moreover, electrical conduction of the surface as carriers is generated by sputtering-induced defects. We demonstrate a method to restore electrical isolation in the etched area that is compatible with the presence of the nanochannels. We remove the heavily damaged surface layer using a diluted HCl solution and subsequently recover the crystalline order in the moderately damaged part by annealing. We optimize the HCl concentration to make the removal stop on its own before reaching the conduction channel part. The lateral depletion in the channels is shown to be almost absent.
Nanoporous Semiconductors Synthesized Through Polymer Templating of Ligand‐Stripped CdSe Nanocrystals (2013)

The assembly of ligand-stripped CdSe nanocrystals into hierarchical mesoporous architectures via polymer templating is reported. The nanocrystal-based porous CdSe combines micropores, created at the juncture between nanocrystals, and mesopores, created by the polymer template, to yield a high surface-area material with accessible pores, while preserving the optical and electronic properties of quantum confined CdSe nanocrystals.
A selective fusion module for video super resolution with recurrent architecture (2020)

As an important subtask of video restoration, video super-resolution has attracted a lot of attention in the community as it can eventually promote a wide range of technologies, e.g., video transmission system. Recent video super resolution model<sup>1</sup> achieves cutting-edge performance. It efficiently utilizes recurrent architecture with neural networks to gradually aggregate details from previous frames. Nevertheless, this method faces a serious drawback that it is sensitive to occlusion, blur, and large motion changes since it only takes the previous generated output as recurrent input for the super resolution model. This will lead to undesirable rapid information loss during the recurrently generating process, and performance will therefore be dramatically decreased. Our works focus on addressing the issue of rapid information loss in video super resolution model with recurrent architecture. By producing attention maps through selective fusion module, the recurrent model can adaptively aggregate necessary details across all previously generated high-resolution (HR) frames according to their informativeness. The proposed method is useful for preserving high frequency details collected progressively from each frame while being capable of removing noisy artifacts. This significantly improves the average quality of the super resolution video.
Multisensory Home-Monitoring in Individuals With Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Asthma: Usability Study of the CAir-Desk (Preprint) (2021)

<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> Research integrating multisensory home-monitoring in respiratory disease is scarce. Therefore, we created a novel multisensory home-monitoring device tailored for long-term respiratory disease management (named the CAir-Desk). We hypothesize that recent technological accomplishments can be integrated into a multisensory participant-driven platform. We also believe that this platform could improve chronic disease management and be accessible to large groups at an acceptable cost. </sec> <sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> This study aimed to report on user adherence and acceptance as well as system functionality of the CAir-Desk in a sample of participants with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma. </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> We conducted an observational usability study. Participants took part in 4 weeks of home-monitoring with the CAir-Desk. The CAir-Desk recorded data from all participants on symptom burden, physical activity, spirometry, and environmental air quality; data on sputum production, and nocturnal cough were only recorded for participants who experienced symptoms. After the study period, participants reported on their perceptions of the usability of the monitoring device through a purpose-designed questionnaire. We used descriptive statistics and visualizations to display results. </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> Ten participants, 5 with COPD and 5 with asthma took part in this study. They completed symptom burden questionnaires on a median of 96% (25th percentile 14%, 75th percentile 96%), spirometry recordings on 55% (20%, 94%), wrist-worn physical activity recordings on 100% (97%, 100%), arm-worn physical activity recordings on 45% (13%, 63%), nocturnal cough recordings on 34% (9%, 54%), sputum recordings on 5% (3%, 12%), and environmental air quality recordings on 100% (99%, 100%) of the study days. The participants indicated that the measurements consumed a median of 13 (10, 15) min daily, and that they preferred the wrist-worn physical activity monitor to the arm-worn physical activity monitor. </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> The CAir-Desk showed favorable technical performance and was well-accepted by our sample of participants with stable COPD and asthma. The obtained insights were used in a redesign of the CAir-Desk, which is currently applied in a randomized controlled trial including an interventional program. </sec>
Renal Protective Effect in Hypertensive Patients: The High Doses of Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (HARB) Study (2007)

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are the recommended first-line antihypertensive treatment for managing chronic kidney disease, and strict blood pressure (BP) regulation is crucial for the reduction of proteinuria. Valsartan and candesartan are commonly used ARBs in Japan, with maximum permissible doses of 160 mg/day and 12 mg/day, respectively. We evaluated BP and proteinuria after changeover from the maximum dose of candesartan to the maximum dose of valsartan, in 55 poorly controlled hypertensive patients undergoing candesartan treatment who were unable to achieve optimal BP according to the Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension (JSH 2004). We measured BP and pulse rate and assessed urinary protein excretion (UPE) before and after changeover. Changeover was associated with decreases in systolic BP and diastolic BP from 158/89 mmHg to 150/86 mmHg (p<0.01). Changeover was also associated with a reduction in UPE adjusted to urinary creatinine from 0.35+/-0.19 g/g creatinine to 0.19+/-0.37 g/g creatinine (p=0.0271) in patients who had high urinary protein levels prior to changeover without significant decreases in BP (p=0.0184). According to multiple regression analysis, higher UPE (p<0.0001) and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (p=0.0011) prior to changeover were independently correlated with reduction in UPE. Our results suggest that the maximum dose of valsartan is more effective than the maximum dose of candesartan for reducing BP and proteinuria.
Crystal structures and sodium/silver distributions within the ionic conductors Na5Ag2Fe3(As2O7)4and Na2Ag5Fe3(P2O7)4 (2009)

The crystal structures of new Na5Ag2Fe3(As2O7)4 and Na2Ag5Fe3(P2O7)4 compounds, prepared through ion exchange from Na7Fe3(X2O7)4 (X = P, As) are reported. They crystallize in the monoclinic C2/c space group and exhibit a Na/Ag ordering on cooling. Crystal structures were determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction at 100 and 298 K for each composition. The structure consists of FeO6 octahedra sharing their corners with X2O7 dimers (X = P, As) to form a three-dimensional framework [Fe3(X2O7)4]7− into which the sodium/silver ions are located. The differences between the four structures lie on the distribution of the sodium/silver ions within this framework giving a developed insight of the ionic diffusion paths.
Highly Z‐ and Enantioselective Ring‐Opening/Cross‐Metathesis Reactions and Z‐Selective Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization (2009)

Stopping the gap: A notable shortcoming in olefin metathesis chemistry was the lack of methods for the selective synthesis of Z alkenes. A breakthrough has now been achieved by the employment of a new type of chiral Mo complex (see scheme; TBS=tert-butyldimethylsilyl, X=Cl, Br, I). The first examples of the titled reactions are discussed.
Determination of Time to Breakdown of 0.8-1.2 nm EOT HfSiON Gate Dielectrics with Poly-Si and Metal Gate Electrodes (2006)

The breakdown behaviors of ultra-thin HfSiON gate dielectrics have been investigated to provide a clear determination of time to breakdown T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">bd</sub> . Abrupt jumps in gate leakage current I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> under negative stress voltage were readily observed by using small area devices, even in sub-0.9-nm EOT HfSiON. In the case of positive bias stress, an abrupt jump in I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> under stress voltage was hardly observed. Rather than observing gate leakage current I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> , we could determine the T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">bd</sub> by the abrupt jump in substrate current I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sub</sub> in carrier separation measurement using nMOSFETs. By using this method, the initial breakdown event could be sensitively detected and T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">bd</sub> under the both biases can be handled with the Weibull distribution. Therefore conventional procedures for gate area conversion and failure rate extrapolation are expected to be valid, even for the ultra-thin HfSiON gate dielectrics
Prestressing Effect of Shape Memory Alloy Reinforcements under Serviceability Tensile Loads (2021)

Repairing and strengthening of existing aged steel-reinforced concrete structures is a major challenge. Today, much of the repair work completed is insufficient and brittle. A promising new solution for repair and strengthening tasks is the use of iron-based shape memory alloy (Fe-SMA). The pre-strained Fe-SMA components enable the pre-stressing of existing building components due to the heat-triggered contraction of the steel. Thus, deflections can be reduced or even recovered. In addition, the cracking process can be adapted, and an improvement in the load, under which the first crack appears, is possible. In this paper, the effects of pre-stress generated by activated Fe-SMA rebars, which were centrally embedded inside of a concrete specimen, are shown. The objective of the study is to quantify the improvement in the loads of the first crack and show the influences of the pre-stressing on the load-bearing behavior and the cracking process. For this purpose, axial tensile tests were performed on concrete bars with height, width, and length of 50 mm, 70 mm, and 900 mm, respectively. These were compared to usual construction steel rebars, pre-strained but nonactivated Fe-SMA rebars, and activated Fe-SMA steel rebars. The evaluation of crack patterns and openings was done using digital image correlation (DIC). The pre-stressing of the concrete causes an increase in the first crack loads of more than 150%, which indicates a clear improvement in the state of serviceability limit.
Development of an Optical-Real Time Polarimetric Imaging System for Aerospace Applications (2004)

The design of an optical polarimetric imaging system, aimed to detect cracks or structural defects on the surface of rotating aircraft engine shafts, is presented. The experimental results have been processed by a real time wavelet denouncing system implemented by a Filed Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA), which has been designed for this purpose. The experimental results clearly indicate that high signal-to-noise ratio signals can be obtained.
Wild boars as sources for infectious diseases in livestock and humans (2009)

Wild boars (Sus scrofa) are indigenous in many countries in the world. These free-living swine are known reservoirs for a number of viruses, bacteria and parasites that are transmissible to domestic animals and humans. Changes of human habitation to suburban areas, increased use of lands for agricultural purposes, increased hunting activities and consumption of wild boar meat have increased the chances of exposure of wild boars to domestic animals and humans. Wild boars can act as reservoirs for many important infectious diseases in domestic animals, such as classical swine fever, brucellosis and trichinellosis, and in humans, diseases such as hepatitis E, tuberculosis, leptospirosis and trichinellosis. For examples, wild boars are reservoirs for hepatitis E virus, and cluster cases of hepatitis E have been reported in Japan of humans who consumed wild boar meat. In Canada, an outbreak of trichinellosis was linked to the consumption of wild boar meat. The incidence of tuberculosis owing to Mycobacterium bovis has increased in wild boars, thus posing a potential concern for infections in livestock and humans. It has also been documented that six hunters contracted Brucella suis infections from wild swine in Florida. This article discusses the prevalence and risk of infectious agents in wild boars and their potential transmission to livestock and humans.
Extractive Phase Vanishing Reactions with Dichloromethane, Perfluorohexanes, and Dibromoethane:  Slow Addition in a Test Tube (2004)

[reaction: see text] Partition coefficient measurements and experiments with a dye show that a new fluorous "phase vanishing reaction" described by Jana and Verkade occurs by an extractive mechanism. This mechanism is contrasted with the original diffusive phase-vanishing reactions introduced by Ryu and co-workers.
Geographic Distribution of Penicillin-Resistant Clones of Streptococcus pneumoniae: Characterization by Penicillin-Binding Protein Profile, Surface Protein A Typing, and Multilocus Enzyme Analysis (1992)

Examination of several hundred penicillin-resistant clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae has revealed extensive strain-to-strain variation in the number and molecular size of penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). This polymorphism has been used to classify resistant isolates into groups (PBP families) that share distinct electrophoretic profiles. We describe herein properties of four such PBP families: two from Spain (and/or Ohio) and one each from Hungary and Alaska. We have discovered that representative isolates assigned to each PBP family also share capsular serotype, antibiotic resistance pattern, pneumococcal surface protein A type, and multilocus enzyme genotype. The results demonstrate independent clonal origin for strains assigned to each PBP family. Each resistant clone occurs with uniquely high incidence within specific geographic areas.
ePipe: Near Real-Time Polyglot Persistence of HopsFS Metadata (2019)

Distributed OLTP databases are now used to manage metadata for distributed file systems, but they cannot also efficiently support complex queries or aggregations. To solve this problem, we introduce ePipe, a databus that both creates a consistent change stream for a distributed, hierarchical file system (HopsFS) and eventually delivers the correctly ordered stream with low latency to downstream clients. ePipe can be used to provide polyglot storage for file system metadata, allowing metadata queries to be handled by the most efficient engine for that query. For file system notifications, we show that ePipe achieves up to 56X throughput improvement over HDFS INotify and Trumpet with up to 3 orders of magnitude lower latency. For Spotify's Hadoop workload, we show that ePipe can replicate all file system changes from HopsFS to Elasticsearch with an average replication lag of only 330 ms.
Combinatorial wetting in colour: an optofluidic nose (2012)

We present a colourimetric litmus test for simple differentiation of organic liquids based on wetting, which achieves chemical specificity without a significant sacrifice in portability or ease-of-use. Chemical specificity is derived from the combination of colourimetric wetting patterns produced by liquids in an array of inverse opal films, each having a graded wettability, but using different surface groups to define that gradient.
Synthesis of Molybdenum Imido 2-Adamantylidene Complexes through α Hydrogen Abstraction (2020)

Addition of 2-adamantylMgBr in diethyl ether to Mo(NAr)2(Cl)2(DME) (Ar = 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3) gave Mo(NAr)2(2-Ad)2 (2-Ad = 2-adamantyl, DME = 1,2-dimethoxyethane), from which Mo(NAr)(Adene)(OTf)2(DME) (1, Adene = 2-adamantylidene) was prepared upon addition of triflic acid. Methods analogous to those that have been successful for synthesizing neopentylidene and neophylidene complexes were used to form Mo(NAr)(Adene)(OMes)2 (2; Mes = 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl), [Mo(NAr)(Adene)(OC6F5)2]2 (3), Mo(NAr)(Adene)(OC6F5)2(MeCN) (4), Mo(NAr)(Adene)(Cl)2(bipy) (5; bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine), Mo(NAr)(Adene)(Cl)(OHMT) (6; OHMT = O-2,6-Mesityl2C6H3), Mo(NAr)(Adene)(Cl)(OHMT)(t-BuCN) (6(t-BuCN)), and Mo(NAr)(Adene)(OHMT)(Pyr) (7; Pyr = pyrrolide). Analogous methods beginning with Mo(N-t-Bu)2(2-Ad)2 yielded Mo(N-t-Bu)(Adene)(Cl)2(bipy) (8a), Mo(N-t-Bu)(Adene)(Cl)(OHMT)(THF) (8b), Mo(N-t-Bu)(Adene)(Cl)(OHMT)(t-BuCN) (8c), and Mo(N-t-Bu)(Adene)(OHMT)(Pyr)(THF) (8d). X-ray structural studies of 1-5, 6(t-BuCN), 7, 8a, 8c, and 8d suggest that one of the Adene β protons is engaged in an agostic interaction with the metal when the electron count is less than 18. Preliminary olefin metathesis studies confirm that Adene complexes react with cyclooctene and 1-decene in the manner expected for high-oxidation-state Mo alkylidene complexes.
High mobility group box 1 and adenosine are both released by endothelial cells during hypothermic preservation (2008)

Hypothermic preservation of solid allografts causes profound damage of vascular endothelial cells. This, in turn, might activate innate immunity. In the present study we employed an in vitro model to study to what extent supernatants of damaged endothelial cells are able to activate innate immunity and to study the nature of these signals. The expression of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and adhesion molecules on human umbilical vein endothelial cell was studied by immunofluorescence, fluorescence activated cell sorter and Western blotting. Cytokine production was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. HMGB1 expression was lost completely in endothelial cells after hypothermic preservation. This was associated with cell damage as it occurred only in untreated endothelial cell but not in cells rendered resistant to hypothermia-mediated damage by dopamine treatment. Only supernatants from hypothermia susceptible cells up-regulated the expression of interleukin (IL)-8 and adhesion molecules in cultured endothelial cells in an HMGB1-dependent manner. In whole blood assays, both supernatants of hypothermia susceptible and resistant cells inhibited tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha production concomitantly with an increased IL-10 secretion. The activity of the supernatants was already found after 6 h of hypothermic preservation, and paralleled the decrease in intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels. Modulation of TNF-alpha and IL-10 production by these supernatants was abrogated completely by prior treatment with adenosine deaminase and was similar to the response of an A2R agonist. Our study demonstrates that both HMGB1 and adenosine are released during hypothermic preservation. While release of HMGB1 is caused by cell damage, release of adenosine seems to be related to ATP hydrolysis, occurring in both susceptible and resistant cells.
A PROPOSED BRIDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION PLAN FOR TEXAS. FINAL REPORT (1993)

This report describes the engineering processes, information requirements, and recommended framework for a comprehensive bridge management system (BMS) designed to meet the needs and resources of the Texas Department of Transportation. Engineering processes and algorithms were developed for various submodels which will comprise the overall BMS structure. These include level of service goals, unit costs data, deterioration models, a feasible improvements knowledge-based system, life-cycle cost models incorporating agency benefits, a user benefits model, and optimization procedures. The engineering information requirements for each of these submodels were identified, and procedures for articulation of the submodels into an integrated BMS structure were outlined. The BMS was designed for application at both the state and district levels. Future effort required includes computerization and implementation of the processes, algorithms, and procedures contained within this report.