gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Carrier Systems for Collective Die-to-Wafer Bonding (2022)

Several alternative carrier systems for collective die-to-wafer transfer, using the laser debonding technique, are evaluated. The principles of laser debonding are explained and applied to thin die transfer. A so called ‘acoustic’ layer needs to be present to avoid damage to the dies during the laser ablation process. The benefits and disadvantages of applying this layer to the glass carrier system rather than to the dies prior to singulation are explained. Three alternative carrier systems, based on BrewerBOND <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup> C1301-50 material and BrewerBOND <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup> T1107 release material, are designed and evaluated for die placement, protective layer strip, collective bonding and finally laser debonding. A quantitative analysis and comparison with a reference system containing the release layer and acoustic layer on the die prior to singulation is presented.
DNA-Binding and Oligomerization Studies of the Manganese(II) Metalloregulatory Protein MntR from Bacillus subtilis (2003)

The metalloregulatory protein MntR from Bacillus subtilis acts as a transcriptional regulator of manganese homeostasis. MntR is a member of a subfamily of DtxR-related proteins that perform analogous regulatory functions in a variety of pathogenic organisms. Metal ions activate MntR to bind DNA and repress the transcription of the mntH gene, which encodes for a proton-coupled metal ion transporter. Size-exclusion chromatography and sedimentation equilibrium ultracentrifugation studies show that apo MntR is predominantly a homodimer in solution. Using fluorescence anisotropy measurements, the DNA binding properties of MntR have been examined. In the strict absence of divalent transition metal ions MntR has a low affinity for the mntH control sequence (K(d) > 8.0 microM). However, binding of MntR is stimulated by the presence of Mn(2+) and Cd(2+) to generate high affinity binding with K(d) values of 16.0 and 7.3 nM, respectively. MntR is also shown to bind the mntH control sequence in the presence of other divalent transition metals, including Ni(2+), Cu(2+), and Zn(2+), but with much lower affinity (K(d) approximately 1.3-2.3 microM). The data here demonstrate that differences in metal-activated DNA binding plays a role in the mechanism of manganese(II)-selective transcription factors and that the oligomerization of MntR is metal-independent, which distinguishes this protein from iron(II)-responsive homologues in the DtxR protein family.
An Efficient Synthesis of 2-Substituted Benzimidazoles via Photocatalytic Condensation of o-Phenylenediamines and Aldehydes (2016)

A photocatalytic method has been developed for the efficient synthesis of functionalized benzimidazoles. This protocol involves photocatalytic condensation of o-phenylenediamines with various aldehydes using the Rose Bengal as photocatalyst. The method was found to be general and was successfully employed for accessing pharmaceutically important benzimidazoles by the condensation of aromatic, heteroaromatic and aliphatic aldehydes with o-phenylenediamines, in good-to-excellent yields. Notably, the method was found to be effective for the condensation of less reactive heterocyclic aldehydes with o-phenylenediamines.
Rammevilkår og strategier for hydrogen i transportsektoren (2018)

The Interreg project Blue Move promotes increased use of renewable energy to replace fossil fuels in the Oresund-Kattagat-Skagerrak (OKS) region. International, national, regional and local framewo ...
Les théoriciens de la réforme pénale dans les Pays-Bas autrichiens (2011)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Computational analysis of structural and energetic consequences of DNA methylation (1989)

The conformational and energetic consequences of cytosine methylation in eukaryotes related to transcription or formation of chromatin structure are not well understood. Structures of methylated and unmethylated DNA sequences from biologically relevant sources were studied by theoretical methods under different ionic conditions and demonstrate that cytosine methylation produces a localized pattern of steric, hydrophobic, energetic, conformational and electrostatic alterations in DNA. These findings suggest how this modification may influence protein-DNA interactions and support current hypotheses. The results reveal previously unrecognized potential effects of cytosine methylation which could critically affect normal and neoplastic cellular processes by altering transcriptional events, histone binding, chromosomal stability and cellular differentiation.
Plasmonic electro‐optic modulator based on degenerate semiconductor interfaces (2020)

Abstract We present a semiconductor‐based optoelectronic switch based on active modulation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) at lattice‐matched indium gallium arsenide (In 0.53 Ga 0.47 As) degenerately doped pn ++ junctions. The experimental device, which we refer to as a surface plasmon polariton diode (SPPD), is characterized electrically and optically, showing far‐field reflectivity modulation for mid‐IR wavelengths. Self‐consistent electro‐optic multiphysics simulations of the device’s electrical and electromagnetic response have been performed to estimate bias‐dependent modulation and switching times. The numerical model shows a strong agreement with the experimental results, validating the claim of excitation and modulation of SPPs at the junction, thus potentially providing a new pathway toward fast optoelectronic devices.
Les scénarios énergétiques à l’épreuve du stockage des énergies intermittentes (2021)

L’accroissement des sources d’électricité éoliennes et solaires doit être accompagné du déploiement sans précédent d’un système de moyens pilotables nouveaux (stockages et autres) et de la préservation de sources pilotables qui complètent ces productions intermittentes afin de garantir la parfaite adéquation entre production et consommation électrique. Pour estimer la taille d’un tel système, appelé réserve, on part des enregistrements récents des productions de l’éolien et du solaire que l’on transpose aux deux scénarios retenus (production électrique à 100% par les renouvelables ou à 50% avec 50% de nucléaire). On évalue ainsi la quantité d’électricité qu’il faudrait effacer lors des surplus de production des sources intermittentes et restituer lors des manques, de même que la puissance et la capacité que cette réserve devrait garantir au minimum. Une fois le besoin identifié, on passe en revue les divers moyens mobilisables d’ici 2050 : échanges transfrontaliers, ajustement de la consommation, stockages gravitaires, électrochimiques et chimiques, ainsi que les sources pilotables décarbonées disponibles (hydraulique et nucléaire principalement). Ceci éclaire le degré de réalisme des scénarios considérés, les efforts qu’ils supposent et les incertitudes quant à l’atteinte des objectifs. Ces résultats, même s’ils peuvent être modulés en fonction d’hypothèses de travail différentes, ne peuvent être ignorés dans les choix de transformation du mix électrique.
Molecular beam study of surface chemi-ionisation (1977)

Surface chemi-ionisation has been observed when a supersonic rubidium nozzle beam impinges on a frozen iodine layer at ∼100 K. Only a small fraction < 10–5 of reactive collisions at the surface give rise to chemi-ionisation. Similar quantities of positive and negative ions are formed but application of a magnetic field shows that electrons are not emitted. The time dependence of the chemi-ionisation signal on a thick iodine layer shows evidence of surface charging and the onset of charge conduction through the layer. The form of the chemi-ionisation signal as a function of surface potential shows evidence of surface polarisation. The experimental results are discussed in terms of an electron jump model of the surface reaction dynamics.
III-V semiconductor nano-resonators-a new strategy for passive, active, and nonlinear all-dielectric metamaterials (2016)

Metamaterials comprising assemblies of dielectric resonators have attracted much attention due to their low intrinsic loss and isotropic optical response. In particular, metasurfaces made from silicon dielectric resonators have shown desirable behaviors such as efficient nonlinear optical conversion, spectral filtering and advanced wave-front engineering. To further explore the potential of dielectric metamaterials, we present all-dielectric metamaterials fabricated from epitaxially grown III-V semiconductors that can exploit the high second-order optical susceptibilities of III-V semiconductors, as well as the ease of monolithically integrating active/gain media. Specifically, we create GaAs nano-resonators using a selective wet oxidation process that forms a low refractive index AlGaO (n~1.6) under layer similar to silicon dielectric resonators formed using silicon-on-insulator wafers. We further use the same fabrication processes to demonstrate multilayer III-V dielectric resonator arrays that provide us with new degrees of freedom in device engineering. For these arrays, we experimentally measure ~100% reflectivity over a broad spectral range. We envision that all-dielectric III-V semiconductor metamaterials will open up new avenues for passive, active and nonlinear all dielectric metamaterials
Measurements of MIMO Indoor Channels at 1800 MHz with Multiple Indoor and Outdoor Base Stations (2007)

This paper proposes several configurations for multiple base stations in indoor MIMO systems and compares their performance. The results are based on channel measurements realized with a MIMO testbed. The receiver was moved along several routes and floors on an office building. Both outdoor and indoor locations are considered for the transmitters or base stations, which allow the analysis of not only indoor but also outdoor-to-indoor environment. The use of 2 base stations with different system level combinations of the two is analyzed. We show that the configuration with base station selection provides almost as good performance as a full water-filling scheme when the 2 base stations are placed at different locations. Also the spatial correlation properties for the different configurations are analyzed and the importance of considering path loss when evaluating capacity is highlighted.
Proton range monitoring using 13N peak for proton therapy applications (2022)

The Monte Carlo method is employed in this study to simulate the proton irradiation of a water-gel phantom. Positron-emitting radionuclides such as 11C, 15O, and 13N are scored using the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport Code System Monte Carlo code package. Previously, it was reported that as a result of 16O(p,2p2n)13N nuclear reaction, whose threshold energy is relatively low (5.660 MeV), a 13N peak is formed near the actual Bragg peak. Considering the generated 13N peak, we obtain offset distance values between the 13N peak and the actual Bragg peak for various incident proton energies ranging from 45 to 250 MeV, with an energy interval of 5 MeV. The offset distances fluctuate between 1.0 and 2.0 mm. For example, the offset distances between the 13N peak and the Bragg peak are 2.0, 2.0, and 1.0 mm for incident proton energies of 80, 160, and 240 MeV, respectively. These slight fluctuations for different incident proton energies are due to the relatively stable energy-dependent cross-section data for the 16O(p,2p2n)13N nuclear reaction. Hence, we develop an open-source computer program that performs linear and non-linear interpolations of offset distance data against the incident proton energy, which further reduces the energy interval from 5 to 0.1 MeV. In addition, we perform spectral analysis to reconstruct the 13N Bragg peak, and the results are consistent with those predicted from Monte Carlo computations. Hence, the results are used to generate three-dimensional scatter plots of the 13N radionuclide distribution in the modeled phantom. The obtained results and the developed methodologies will facilitate future investigations into proton range monitoring for therapeutic applications.
Compression of multispectral Landsat imagery using the Embedded Zerotree Wavelet (EZW) algorithm (1994)

The Embedded Zerotree Wavelet (EZW) algorithm has proven to be an extremely efficient and flexible compression algorithm for low bit rate image coding. The embedding algorithm attempts to order the bits in the bit stream in numerical importance and thus a given code contains all lower rate encodings of the same algorithm. Therefore, precise bit rate control is achievable and a target rate or distortion metric can be met exactly. Furthermore, the technique is fully image adaptive. An algorithm for multispectral image compression which combines the spectral redundancy removal properties of the image-dependent Karhunen-Loeve Transform (KLT) with the efficiency, controllability, and adaptivity of the embedded zerotree wavelet algorithm is presented. Results are shown which illustrate the advantage of jointly encoding spectral components using the KLT and EZW.
Síntese do 3,4-bis(Fenilsulfonil)-2-N-óxido-1,2,5-oxadiazol (2017)

Introducao: O furoxano e seus derivados (N-oxido-1,2,5-oxadiazol) representam uma importante classe de compostos heterociclicos com diferentes propriedades quimicas e atividades biologicas. Sao compostos que apresentam estabilidade termica, sao estaveis em meio acido e a eletrofilos e sao pouco estaveis frente a nucleofilos e bases. Suas atividades farmacologicas estao em parte relacionadas a capacidade de doacao de oxido nitrico (NO) pela subunidade furoxânica. Comparando-os com os outros doadores de NO, os derivados furoxânicos podem exibir um perfil farmacologico muito desejavel: liberacao lenta e sem o desenvolvimento de mecanismo de tolerância dos nitratos, outro importante doador de NO. E, devido a essas propriedades, os derivados furoxânicos tem sido muito explorados na Quimica Farmaceutica e Medicinal para obtencao de uma serie de compostos hibridos com diferentes atividades farmacologicas. Objetivo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo sintetizar o composto 3,4-bis(fenilsulfonil)-2-N-oxido-1,2,5-oxadiazol e avaliar a sua respectiva capacidade de doacao de oxido nitrico. Metodologia: O composto final foi obtido atraves de tres etapas sinteticas. A partir do tiofenol, reagiu-se o acido monocloroacetico em meio basico para formar o acido feniltioacetico. O grupo sulfeto foi oxidado a sulfona e posteriormente reagido em meio de acido nitrico fumegante para formacao do composto 3,4-bis(fenilsulfonil)-2-N-oxido-1,2,5-oxadiazol. O oxido nitrico presenta baixa instabilidade em solucao, sendo dissociado rapidamente a nitrato e nitrito. Sabendo disso, sua deteccao e feita de forma indireta pela presenca de nitrito em solucao, atraves do o metodo de quantificacao de nitrito usando reagente de Griess. Resultados e Discussao: O composto 3,4-bis(fenilsulfonil)-2-N-oxido-1,2,5-oxadiazol foi obtido com rendimento global de 37% e apresentou faixa de fusao entre 140 – 142oC. O composto foi caracterizado por espectrofotometria na regiao do infravermelho e ressonância magnetica nuclear de hidrogenio e carbono (RMN 1H e 13C). O composto apresentou capacidade de doacao de oxido nitrico de 32%, niveis superiores ao farmaco dinitrato de isossorbida usado como controle. Conclusao: A rota sintetica utilizada para obtencao do composto 3,4-bis(fenilsulfonil)-2-N-oxido-1,2,5-oxadiazol mostrou-se viavel e com rendimento global razoavel. O composto sintetizado apresentou capacidade de doacao de oxido nitrico em niveis superiores ao dinitrato de isossorbida. Podendo entao concluir que este furoxano pode ser uma interessante subunidade a ser explorada no planejamento e desenvolvimento de novos farmacos.
3D TCAD based approach for the evaluation of nanoscale devices during ESD failure (2010)

This paper demonstrates a 3D TCAD based approach towards the evaluation and pre-silicon development of nanoscale devices for advanced ESD protection concepts. Impact of various physical models and parameters on the accuracy of predicted ESD figures of merit are discussed. Moreover, various devices options, have been evaluated from 3D TCAD simulations.
Secreted CLIC3 drives cancer progression through its glutathione-dependent oxidoreductase activity (2017)

The secretome of cancer and stromal cells generates a microenvironment that contributes to tumour cell invasion and angiogenesis. Here we compare the secretome of human mammary normal and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). We discover that the chloride intracellular channel protein 3 (CLIC3) is an abundant component of the CAF secretome. Secreted CLIC3 promotes invasive behaviour of endothelial cells to drive angiogenesis and increases invasiveness of cancer cells both in vivo and in 3D cell culture models, and this requires active transglutaminase-2 (TGM2). CLIC3 acts as a glutathione-dependent oxidoreductase that reduces TGM2 and regulates TGM2 binding to its cofactors. Finally, CLIC3 is also secreted by cancer cells, is abundant in the stromal and tumour compartments of aggressive ovarian cancers and its levels correlate with poor clinical outcome. This work reveals a previously undescribed invasive mechanism whereby the secretion of a glutathione-dependent oxidoreductase drives angiogenesis and cancer progression by promoting TGM2-dependent invasion.
Transmural recording of monophasic action potentials (2002)

To investigate the possibility of transmural recording of repolarization through the ventricular wall, KCl monophasic action potential (MAP) electrodes positioned along plunge needles were developed and tested. The MAP electrode consists of a silver wire surrounded by agarose gel containing KCl, which slowly eluted into the adjacent tissue to depolarize it. In six dogs, a plunge needle containing three KCl MAP electrodes was inserted into the left ventricle to simultaneously record from the subepicardium, midwall, and subendocardium. In six pigs, eight plunge needles containing three KCl MAP electrodes and two plunge needles containing similar electrodes except for the absence of KCl were inserted into the ventricles. In three guinea pig papillary muscles, a KCl electrode was used to record MAPs along with two microelectrodes for recording transmembrane potentials. Transmural MAP recordings could be made for >1 h in dogs and >2 h in pigs with a significant decrease in MAP amplitude over time but without a significant change in MAP duration. With the electrodes without KCl in pigs, the injury potentials subsided in <30 min. When the pacing rate was changed to alter the action potential duration and refractory period in dogs, the MAP duration correlated with the local effective refractory period (r = 0.94). The time course of the MAP duration recorded with a KCl MAP electrode in guinea pig papillary muscles corresponded well with that of the transmembrane potential recorded with an adjacent microelectrode. It is possible to record transmural repolarization of the ventricles with KCl MAP electrodes on plunge needles. The MAP is caused by the KCl rather than being a nonspecific injury potential.
Rate-Splitting for Multi-User Multi-Antenna Wireless Information and Power Transfer (2019)

In a multi-user multi-antenna Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) network, the transmitter sends information to the Information Receivers (IRs) and energy to Energy Receivers (ERs) concurrently. A conventional approach is based on Multi-User Linear Precoding (MU--LP) where each IR directly decodes the intended stream by fully treating the interference from other IRs and ERs as noise. In this paper, we investigate the application of linearly-precoded Rate-Splitting (RS) in Multiple Input Single Output (MISO) SWIPT Broadcast Channel (BC). By splitting the messages of IRs into private and common parts and encoding the common parts into a common stream decoded by all IRs, RS manages the interference dynamically. The precoders are designed such that the Weighted Sum Rate (WSR) of IRs is maximized under the total transmit power constraint and the sum energy constraint for ERs. Numerical results show that the proposed RS-assisted strategy provides a better rate-energy tradeoff in MISO SWIPT BC. Under a sum energy constraint of ERs, RS-assisted strategy achieves better WSR performance of IRs than MU--LP and NOMA in a wide range of IR and ER deployments. Hence, we draw the conclusion that RS is superior for downlink SWIPT networks.
Characterization of the activity of purified recombinant human 5-lipoxygenase in the absence and presence of leukocyte factors. (1991)

Purified recombinant human 5-lipoxygenase was used to investigate the catalytic properties of the protein in the presence and absence of leukocyte stimulatory factors. Recombinant human 5-lipoxygenase was purified to apparent homogeneity (95-99%) from a high expression baculovirus system by chromatography on ATP-agarose with a yield of 0.6 mg of protein per 100 ml of culture (2 x 10(8) cells) and a specific activity of 3-6 mumol of 5-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HPETE) per mg of protein in the presence of ATP, Ca2+, and phosphatidylcholine as the only factors. In the absence of leukocyte factors, the reaction catalyzed by the purified recombinant enzyme showed a half-time of maximal 5-HPETE formation of 0.5-0.7 min and was sensitive to the selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors BW755C (IC50 = 13 microM) and L-656,224 (IC50 = 0.8 microM). The reaction products of arachidonic acid oxidation were 5-HPETE and 6-trans- and 12-epi-6-trans-leukotriene B4, the nonenzymatic hydrolysis products of leukotriene A4 (LTA4), indicating that the purified protein expressed both the 5-oxygenase and leukotriene A4 synthase activities (ratio 6:1). The microsomal fraction and the 60-90% ammonium sulfate precipitate fraction from sonicated human leukocytes did not increase product formation by the isolated enzyme when assayed in the presence of ATP, Ca2+, and phosphatidylcholine. These factors were found to stabilize 5-lipoxygenase during preincubation of the enzyme at 37 degrees C with the assay mixture but they failed to stimulate enzymatic activity when added at the end of the preincubation period. The results demonstrate that human 5-lipoxygenase can be isolated in a catalytically active form and that protein factors from leukocytes protect against enzyme inactivation but are not essential for enzyme activity.
Mitigating Intended Jamming in mmWave MIMO by Hybrid Beamforming (2019)

Research on millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) has received much attention. However, due to the propagation characteristics of mmWave, signals will suffer from a significant loss over long range transmission. The mmWave MIMO system may face the challenge of the near-far problem where the user tries to retrieve the information signal (IS) from the base station under the strong intended jamming signal (JS). This letter proposes a novel hybrid beamforming design to cancel the JS that significantly reduces the computational complexity and incurs less feedback signaling overhead. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed scheme can significantly suppress the interference from the JS and achieve the array gain in the system.
Modeling and prediction for optimal Human Resources Management (2020)

Human resources management is key for the retention and development of quality staff in modern companies. With the advent of big data and the recent boost in computing power, modeling and predictive analytics have shown their potential to increase HR-related performance, thus making the companies more competitive on the market via data-driven solutions. In this work, we develop a predictive model of the annual hourly cost per employee in big maintenance companies, which is usable for sales, marketing and HR purposes. With experimental real data, we show that such a model outperforms the typically employed solutions, by also allowing for an adaptive implementation using monthly updates.