gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The structure ofYersinia pestisdehydroquinase (2005)

resolution of 1.4 using a synchrotron radiation source. Crystals belong to the orthorhombic space group P2 1 2 1 2 1 , with unit-cell parameters a = 25.76, b = 45.38 and c = 56.77 . Initial phases were calculated by molecular replacement using an edited rhodniin molecule as the search model. Currently the structure is under the final stages of refinement with an R = 0.203 and R free = 0.214. We shall discuss the implications of this structure in the light of its biological inhibitory function against factor XIIa.
Partial response precoding for parallel-readout optical memories (1994)

The data density that can be resolved in optical memories is limited by the inherent band-limited nature of optical systems. We show how a precoding technique used in serial communications, called partial response precoding, can be applied to parallel readout optical memories to precompensate for the spatial data broadening that occurs as result of this band limiting. We experimentally demonstrate a factor-of-15 improvement in average worst-case contrast ratio and an order-of-magnitude improvement in average contrast ratio. Over 50% more area was needed to achieve the same contrast ratio in a system without precoding.
Spark-ignited direct-injection engine combustion systems (2023)

A direct-injection stratified charge internal combustion engine includes a combustion cylinder to receive an air-fuel mixture, and an air intake port to inlet air into the combustion cylinder. The direct-injection engine also includes a fuel injector configured to deliver fuel within the cylinder in a spray pattern substantially aligned to a cylinder central axis to create the air-fuel mixture. A spark igniter is located within a path of the spray pattern to ignite combustion of the air-fuel mixture. The direct-injection engine further includes a movable piston defining a lower boundary of the combustion cylinder to contain the combustion of the air-fuel mixture. The piston is configured to include a bowl portion having local geometric features located on an intake port side of the combustion cylinder to redirect fluid flow towards a vortex in fluid communication with a combustion location near the cylinder central axis.
Swelling and Phase transitions in Deforming Polymeric Gels (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSwelling and Phase transitions in Deforming Polymeric GelsM. V. Badiger, A. K. Lele, M. G. Kulkarni, and R. A. MashelkarCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1994, 33, 10, 2426–2433Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00034a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00034a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views154Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Single fiber beta detector for stereotactic biopsy and intraoperative lumpectomy of breast cancer (2002)

We have developed an intraoperative probe for use in early detection of breast Cancer and aiding lumpectomy. The probe consists of a small plastic scintillator, 0.8 mm diameter and 3 mm length, coupled to a single clear optical-fiber strand, and solid state photomultiplier. Due to the small size of the probe it can be placed inside of a small gauge biopsy needle. The scintillator is very efficient in detecting betas and positrons while being very inefficient to energetic gammas due to its small size and low density. High quantum efficiency, 80%, and high gain obtainable, solid state photomultiplier makes the probe very low noise device in detecting beta particles. Intrinsic resolution of the probe is expected to be around 1 millimeter. Preliminary results using beta sources and a rat bearing R320 adenocarcinoma tumor were very successful.
Role of domestic ducks in the emergence of a new genotype of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza A viruses in Bangladesh (2017)

Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses were first isolated in Bangladesh in February 2007. Subsequently, clades 2.2.2, 2.3.4.2 and 2.3.2.1a were identified in Bangladesh, and our previous surveillance data revealed that by the end of 2014, the circulating viruses exclusively comprised clade 2.3.2.1a. We recently determined the status of circulating avian influenza viruses in Bangladesh by conducting surveillance of live poultry markets and waterfowl in wetland areas from February 2015 through February 2016. Until April 2015, clade 2.3.2.1a persisted without any change in genotype. However, in June 2015, we identified a new genotype of H5N1 viruses, clade 2.3.2.1a, which quickly became predominant. These newly emerged H5N1 viruses contained the hemagglutinin, neuraminidase and matrix genes of circulating 2.3.2.1a Bangladeshi H5N1 viruses and five other genes of low pathogenic Eurasian-lineage avian influenza A viruses. Some of these internal genes were closely related to those of low pathogenic viruses isolated from ducks in free-range farms and wild birds in a wetland region of northeastern Bangladesh, where commercially raised domestic ducks have frequent contact with migratory birds. These findings indicate that migratory birds of the Central Asian flyway and domestic ducks in the free-range farms in Tanguar haor-like wetlands played an important role in the emergence of this novel genotype of highly pathogenic H5N1 viruses.
Picosecond study of charge-carrier-induced nonlinear refraction in intermediate band-gap semiconductors (1985)

Free carriers generated by absorption of light in semiconductors change the complex dielectric constant and give rise to irradiance-dependent refraction and absorption. In addition to the refractive-index change arising from the low frequency dipole moment induced by the charge carriers (the Drude contribution), there can be contributions to the refractive-index change arising from the band-gap resonant saturation of the conduction band states. The amount of this additional contribution has been theoretically predicted. 1 Verification of this prediction for two-photon absorption-generated charge carriers needs accurate determination of the two-photon absorption coefficient ( β ) of the semiconductors as well as careful measurement of the induced irradiance-dependent refractive index. We present a study of this nonlinear refraction; the method of measurement is external self-action. From the changes in the near-field shapes of spatially and temporally Gaussian picosecond laser beams incident on the semiconductor samples, measured as functions of the incident irradiance and pulse width, the total induced nonlinearity is estimated. Both 1.06- and 0.53- μ m radiation are used to study two-photon absorption in a variety of semiconductors. This knowledge of the relative roles of different mechanisms contributing to the nonlinearity is not only of theoretical interest but also is important for practical applications in optical devices.
Why Do ManyC2-Symmetric Bisphosphine Ligands Fail in Asymmetric Hydroformylation? Theory in Front of Experiment (1999)

Supported by a pure QM and MM treatment, stereoselectivities of rhodium systems containing the C2-symmetric ligands CHIRAPHOS (2,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane; 2), BINAP (2,2‘-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1‘-binaphthyl; 3), DIOP (2,2-dimethyl-4,5-bis((diphenylphosphino)methyl)-1,3-dioxolane; 4), and NAPHOS (2,2‘-bis((diphenylphosphino)methyl)-1,1‘-binaphthyl; 5) have been calculated with a combined QM/MM method. On the basis of the RSAI (requirement of synchronous asymmetric inductions), which states that all ligand coordination modes favor transition states with the same asymmetric induction, we demonstrate that the performance of C2-symmetric bidentate phosphine ligands is governed by two interdependencies, namely induction influence of the chelate ring and backbone flexibility. In a further step, the NAPHOS derivatives 6 (2,2‘-bis((2-dinaphthylphosphino)methyl)-1,1‘-binaphthyl) and 7 (2,2‘-bis((1-dinaphthylphosphino)methyl)-1,1‘-binaphthyl) which to our knowledge have not been tested experimentally up to now, have been investigated in the same manner. 7 fulfills the RSAI and will be tested experimentally. Our explanations and predictions release asymmetric hydroformylation from its predominantly empirical character, although the magic formula for ligand development is still unknown.
Strontium ranelate (Fujisawa/Servier). (2005)

Strontium ranelate (PROTELOS), a divalent strontium salt, has been developed and launched by Servier for the treatment of osteoporosis. Fujisawa Pharmaceutical is developing the drug in Japan; in November 2004, phase II Japanese trials were ongoing.
What light tubes are good for: connecting theories (2022)

A Light Tube is a geometric arrangement of two areas with their center points separated by a certain distance. These can be of equal or different size; they can be oriented perpendicularly to the center line (i.e. face each other) or can be tilted. There are no physical tube walls, only geometry. Important cases are light tubes formed by object and entrance pupil or source and target areas. Light tubes showed up in various aspects of imaging and nonimaging optics, e.g. K¨ohler’s illumination principle, Hottel’s formula in thermal radiation, Zimmer’s Geometrical Optics, and Ploke’s “Lichtf¨uhrungseinrichtungen” (light guides). Besides presenting such examples, we elaborate on optical design around light tubes: we investigate whether and how imaging or non-imaging systems can connect two equal ´etendue light tubes, and we discuss how optics within a light tube (between a given source and target areas) can maximize collection efficiency.
Silicon optical modulators for supercomputing and optical communications (2011)

(1) Background: SARS-CoV-2 infection has been a subject of extensive discussion in the medical field, particularly in relation to the risk factors and effective treatment strategies for reducing the negative health outcomes associated with the virus. However, researchers indicate that individuals in the recovery phase after COVID-19 experience a range of symptoms that significantly impact their overall well-being and quality of life. At present, there is insufficient evidence to substantiate the claim that patients in the post-acute phase of COVID-19 are at an elevated risk of developing new-onset hypertension or even metabolic syndrome. The current study aimed to assess the risk of cardiovascular diseases after COVID-19 and the optimal treatment of these conditions. (2) Methods: This research was conducted at the Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Clinic of the Iasi Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital (Romania) between the 1st of September and 31st of December 2022. From a total of 551 patients hospitalized in that period, 70 patients with multiple comorbidities were selected. This study included patients over 18 years old who were diagnosed with COVID-19 within the past 30 days. (3) Results: The included patients were mostly women (62.9%) from the urban area (61.4%). Comparing the post-COVID-19 period to the pre-COVID-19 one, it was observed that the risk of hypertension increased from 69.57% to 90% among the subjects (<i>p</i> = 0.005). Risk factors for the new onset of hypertension were identified as age, female gender, and an elevated body mass index. Moreover, the number of patients with dyslipidemia doubled, and a higher body mass index was noted. (4) Conclusions: Our findings suggest that patients affected by COVID-19 are at an increased risk of developing hypertension and related disorders.
PELVIC INCIDENCE IS A MAJOR PREDICTOR OF HIP IMPINGEMENT AND DYSPLASIA MOBILITY (2021)

Abstract OBJECTIVES Cam femoroacetabular impingement (FAI – femoral head-neck deformity) and developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH – insufficient acetabular coverage) constitute a large portion o...
Synthesis and Molecular Structure of Two Zinc Complexes of 1,2‐Bis[(trimethylsilyl)imino]acenaphthene (2007)

Abstract The reaction of 1,2‐bis[(trimethylsilyl)imino]acenaphthene ( 1 , tms‐BIAN) with ZnCl 2 and ZnI 2 in THF and Et 2 O afford (tms‐BIAN)ZnCl 2 ( 2 ) and (tms‐BIAN)ZnI 2 ( 3 ), respectively. The compounds 2 and 3 were characterized by IR‐ and NMR spectroscopy as well as by single crystal X‐ray analysis.
Supplementary Table S1 from A Very Long-acting Exatecan and Its Synergism with DNA Damage Response Inhibitors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;In vitro t1/2 values for cleavage of PEG-Exa (3A).&lt;/p&gt;
Impact of Diabetes and Sex in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction Patients from the ASIAN-HF Registry (2018)

Asian women with HFrEF were more likely to have DM despite a lean body mass index, a greater burden of chronic kidney disease and more concentric left ventricular geometry, compared to men. Furthermore, DM confers worse quality of life, irrespective of sex, and a greater risk of adverse outcomes in women than men. These data underscore the need for sex-specific approaches to diabetes in patients with HF.
Supplementary Methods and References from Depleting MET-Expressing Tumor Cells by ADCC Provides a Therapeutic Advantage over Inhibiting HGF/MET Signaling (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Methods and References. Description of additional methods and procedures used in the study. Also includes Supplementary References.&lt;/p&gt;
Subtalar realignment arthrodesis in the mid-stage neurogenic cavovarus foot (2022)

Charcot Marie Tooth (CMT) disease is a progressive neuromuscular disorder that is often the underlying condition involved in the development of a symptomatic cavovarus foot. End-stage foot deformities frequently result in triple arthrodesis procedures performed later in the disease process. The main surgical goal is to achieve a stable, plantigrade foot. Ideally, treatment would avoid triple arthrodesis as this procedure increases adjacent joint demands and expedites development of resultant arthrosis. Some authors have stated that earlier intervention by tendon balancing techniques may alleviate the need for joint fusions in the future. Therefore, the timing of surgical intervention is paramount in the medical decision making process. Our case series reviews mid-stage cavovarus progression in patients with pedal instability and gait disturbances. Realignment subtalar arthrodesis is utilized to improve Kite’s angle, reduce heel varus and re-establish subtalar joint (STJ) stability. Tendon balancing procedures should be performed in conjunction with STJ arthrodesis in order to achieve long standing correction and hopefully prevent the future need for conversion to triple arthrodesis.
Constraining continuous topology optimizations to discrete solutions for photonic applications (2021)

Photonic topology optimization is a technique used to find the electric permittivity distribution of a device that optimizes an electromagnetic figure-of-merit. Two common techniques are used: continuous density-based optimizations that optimize a grey-scale permittivity defined over a grid, and discrete level-set optimizations that optimize the shape of the material boundary of a device. More recently, continuous optimizations have been used to find an initial seed for a concluding level-set optimization since level-set techniques tend to benefit from a well-performing initial structure. However, continuous optimizations are not guaranteed to yield sufficient initial seeds for subsequent level-set optimizations, particularly for high-contrast structures, since they are not guaranteed to converge to solutions that resemble only two discrete materials. In this work, we present a method for constraining a continuous optimization such that it converges to a discrete solution. This is done by inserting a constrained sub-optimization at each iteration of an overall gradient-based optimization. This technique can be used purely on its own to optimize a device, or it can be used to provide a nearly discrete starting point for a level-set optimization.
ChemInform Abstract: Quantifying the Relationships among Drug Classes. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
No Size Fits All: Automated Radio Configuration for LPWANs (2021)

Low power long-range networks like LoRa have become increasingly mainstream for Internet of Things deployments. Given the versatility of applications that these protocols enable, they support many data rates and bandwidths. Yet, for a given network that supports hundreds of devices over multiple miles, the network operator typically needs to specify the same configuration or among a small subset of configurations for all the client devices to communicate with the gateway. This one-size-fits-all approach is highly inefficient in large networks. We propose an alternative approach -- we allow network devices to transmit at any data rate they choose. The gateway uses the first few symbols in the preamble to classify the correct data rate, switches its configuration, and then decodes the data. Our design leverages the inherent asymmetry in outdoor IoT deployments where the clients are power-starved and resource-constrained, but the gateway is not. Our gateway design, Proteus, runs a neural network architecture and is backward compatible with existing LoRa protocols. Our experiments reveal that Proteus can identify the correct configuration with over 97% accuracy in both indoor and outdoor deployments. Our network architecture leads to a 3.8 to 11 times increase in throughput for our LoRa testbed.
Discrete Modulation for Interference Mitigation (2019)

This paper analyzes the performance of discrete input distributions (coded modulation) in interference channels. This approach is motivated in part by the necessity of using coded modulation in practical systems, and in part by the potential of discrete distributions for interference alignment as well as the importance demonstrated by Dytso et al. of discrete input distributions for transmission over the 2 × 2 interference channel when treating interference as noise. The contribution of this work includes the establishment of achievable rates subject to discrete modulations. In the process, new bounds involving the minimum distance of the sum of discrete modulations have been developed that are useful for facilitating further work in this area. These bounds are then used for finding achievable rates for 3 × 3 interference channels. It is also shown that interference alignment can be efficiently employed with discrete modulations at finite SNR even with imperfect channel state information at the transmitter.
Interferon consensus sequence-binding protein (ICSBP) promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like phenomena, cell-motility, and invasion via TGF-β signaling in U2OS cells (2014)

Interferon consensus sequence-binding protein (ICSBP) is a transcription factor induced by interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and a member of the interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family. ICSBP is predominantly expressed in hematopoietic cells and regulates the immune response and cell growth and differentiation. However, little is known about its function in non-hematopoietic cells. Here we show a novel function for ICSBP in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like phenomena (ELP), cell motility, and invasion in human osteosarcoma cell lines, including U2OS cells. IFN-γ treatment induced ICSBP expression and EMT-like morphological change in U2OS cells, which were suppressed by ICSBP knockdown. To further investigate the role of ICSBP in ELP, we established a stable U2OS cell line that overexpresses ICSBP. ICSBP expression caused U2OS cells to have a more elongated shape and an increased vimentin and fibronectin expression. ICSBP expression also promoted adhesiveness, motility, and invasiveness of U2OS cells. ICSBP upregulated transforming growth factor (TGF)-β receptors and activated TGF-β signaling cascades, which were responsible for ELP as well as increased cell motility and invasion. In addition, ICSBP-induced TGF-β receptor activation resulted in the upregulation of Snail. Knockdown of Snail attenuated the ICSBP-induced augmentation of cell motility and invasion. Upregulation of Snail, ELP, and increased invasion by ICSBP expression were also observed in other osteosarcoma cell lines, such as Saos-2 and 143B. Furthermore, ICSBP and TGF-β receptor I were expressed in 45/54 (84%) and 47/54 (87%) of human osteosarcoma tissues, respectively, and showed significant correlation (r=0.47, P=0.0007) with respect to their expression levels. Taken altogether, these data demonstrate a novel function for ICSBP in ELP, cell motility, and invasion through the TGF-β and Snail signaling pathways.
Anomalous Birefringence in Annealed Si-Rich Silicon Dioxide (2006)

We have observed a large birefringence of 0.039 in annealed Si-rich SiO2 thin films deposited on silica substrates. The birefringence is correlated with the light emission and structural properties of the films.
High harmonic generation at high repetition rates (2006)

We demonstrate high order harmonic generation directly from a 110 MHz femtosecond oscillator using a build-up cavity. This is an important step towards high precision spectroscopy and high power laser sources in the XUV.
Association of celiac disease genes with inflammatory bowel disease in Finnish and Swedish patients (2012)

Some genetic loci may affect susceptibility to multiple immune system-related diseases. In the current study, we investigated whether the known susceptibility loci for celiac disease (CelD) also associate with Crohn's disease (CD) and/or ulcerative colitis (UC), the two main forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in Finnish patients. A total of 45 genetic markers were genotyped in a Finnish data set comprising 699 IBD patients and 2482 controls. Single-marker association with IBD and its subphenotypes was tested. A meta-analysis with a Swedish UC data set was also performed. A total of 12 single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with CD and/or UC (P<0.05). In the subphenotype analysis, rs6974491-ELMO1 (P=0.0002, odds ratio (OR): 2.20) and rs2298428-UBE2L3 (P=5.44 × 10(-5), OR: 2.59) associated with pediatric UC and CD, respectively. In the meta-analysis, rs4819388-ICOSLG (P=0.00042, OR: 0.79) associated with UC. In the subphenotype meta-analysis, rs1738074-TAGAP (P=7.40 × 10(-5), OR: 0.61), rs6974491-ELMO1 (P=0.00052, OR: 1.73) and rs4819388-ICOSLG (P=0.00019, OR: 0.75) associated with familial UC, pediatric UC and sporadic UC, respectively. Multiple CelD risk loci also confer susceptibility for CD and/or UC in the Finnish and Swedish populations. Certain genetic risk variants may furthermore predispose an individual for developing a particular disease phenotype.