gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Double‐positive T cell receptorhigh thymocytes are resistant to peptide/major histocompatibility complex ligand‐induced negative selection (1997)

To investigate negative selection events during intrathymic ontogeny, we established T cell receptor (TCR)-transgenic mice [N15tg/RAG-2-/- (H-2b)] expressing a single TCR specific for vesicular stomatitis virus nuclear octapeptide N52-59 (VSV8) in the context of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule, K(b). Administration of VSV8 in vivo induced apoptosis in less than 4 h, deleting the majority of immature double-positive (DP) thymocytes by 24 h. In contrast, DP TCRhigh as well as single-positive (SP) thymocytes were refractory to this death process. Moreover, DP TCRhigh cells differentiated into SP thymocytes in vitro and in vivo, maturing into functional cytotoxic T lymphocytes upon intrathymic transfer to beta RAG 2-/- recipients. Hence, negative selection processes involving MHC-bound peptide ligands are operative only prior to the late DP thymocyte stage in this MHC class I-restricted TCR transgene system.
Nanosecond pulsed laser energy and thermal field evolution during second harmonic generation in periodically poled LiNbO3 crystals (2005)

Computational study of nanosecond pulse laser radiation in periodically poled LiNbO3 (PPLN) crystals reveals the complex spatio-temporal evolution of the 1.064μm fundamental harmonic (FH) and second harmonic (SH) energy fields with associated temperature fields, leading to the thermal dephasing and inhibition of second harmonic generation (SHG). The investigated range of the laser input power is W0=0.5–50W (with the pulse energy Q0=0.01–1mJ∕pulse and repetition rate of 50kHz). For input laser powers W0&amp;gt;10W the FH and SH energy fields are found to strongly couple with nonuniform temperature field, leading to significant thermal dephasing and SHG efficiency loss. Heat generation and temperature distributions also exhibit very significant nonuniformities along and across the laser beam, maximizing at the rear or inside the crystal, depending on the input power. However, conformal temperature tuning along the operating crystal inhibits these nonuniformities, and significantly enhances SHG efficiency under high input powers. For instance, selected PPLN conformal cooling parameters lead to the formation of a temperature-uniform quasi-phase-matching channel for a 300μm diameter laser beam providing a high SHG efficiency (≈64%) at 20W input power.
Transcriptomics analysis reveals the high biodegradation efficiency of white-rot fungus Phanerochaete sordida YK-624 on native lignin (2020)

Abstract Background Lignocellulosic biomass is an organic matrix composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. In nature, lignin degradation by basidiomycetes is the key step in lignocellulose decay. The white-rot fungus Phanerochaete sordida YK-624 (YK-624) has been extensively studied due to its high lignin degradation ability. In our previous study, it was demonstrated that YK-624 can secrete lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase for lignin degradation. However, the underlying mechanism for lignin degradation by YK-624 remains unknown.Results Here, we analyzed YK-624 gene expression following growth under ligninolytic and nonligninolytic conditions and compared the differentially expressed genes in YK-624 to those in the model white-rot fungus P. chrysosporium by next-generation sequencing. More ligninolytic enzymes and lignin-degrading auxiliary enzymes were upregulated in YK-624. This might explain the high degradation efficiency of YK-624. In addition, the genes involved in energy metabolism pathways, such as the TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, lipid metabolism, carbon metabolism and glycolysis, were upregulated under ligninolytic conditions in YK-624.Conclusions In the present study, the first differential gene expression analysis of YK-624 under ligninolytic and nonligninolytic conditions was reported. The results obtained in this study indicated that YK-624 produces more energy- and lignin-degrading enzymes for more efficient lignin biodegradation.
Nanostructured Conductive Metal Organic Frameworks for Sustainable Low Charge Overpotentials in Li–Air Batteries (2021)

Lithium-oxygen batteries are among the most attractive alternatives for future electrified transportation. However, their practical application is hindered by many obstacles. Due to the insulating nature of Li<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub> product and the slow kinetics of reactions, attaining sustainable low charge overpotentials at high rates becomes a challenge resulting in the battery's early failure and low round trip efficiency. Herein, outstanding characteristics are discovered of a conductive metal organic framework (c-MOF) that promotes the growth of nanocrystalline Li<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub> with amorphous regions. This provides a platform for the continuous growth of Li<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub> units away from framework, enabling a fast discharge at high current rates. Moreover, the Li<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub> structure works in synergy with the redox mediator (RM). The conductivity of the amorphous regions of the Li<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub> allows the RM to act directly on the Li<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub> surface instead of catalyst edges and then transport through the electrolyte to the Li<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub> surface. This direct charge transfer enables a small charge potential of <3.7 V under high current densities (1-2 A g<sup>-1</sup> ) sustained for a long cycle life (100-300 cycles) for large capacities (1000-2000 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> ). These results open a new direction for utilizing c-MOFs towards advanced energy storage systems.
Disruptive behavior, peer association, and conduct disorder: Testing the developmentallinks through early intervention (1999)

We tested three competing models regarding the role of deviant friends in the trajectory linking early disruptiveness with later conduct problems through the use of a preventive intervention program. The program was implemented during the second and third grade. One model predicted that the program would positively affect later conduct problems by facilitating nondeviant peer association during early adolescence. The second model predicted a direct impact of the program on later conduct problems through the reduction of early disruptiveness. The third model predicted an interaction between postintervention disruptiveness and association with less deviant friends. The results showed that the program's effects on later conduct problems were mediated by the reduction in disruptiveness and by the association with less deviant friends. However, the positive effect of associating with less deviant friends depended on whether children's disruptiveness had been reduced or not by their participation in the program, thus supporting the third model. We recommend using intervention studies to test developmental models.
Smelling Sulfur: Copper and Silver Regulate the Response of Human Odorant Receptor OR2T11 to Low-Molecular-Weight Thiols (2016)

Mammalian survival depends on ultrasensitive olfactory detection of volatile sulfur compounds, since these compounds can signal the presence of rancid food, O<sub>2</sub> depleted atmospheres, and predators (through carnivore excretions). Skunks exploit this sensitivity with their noxious spray. In commerce, natural and liquefied gases are odorized with t-BuSH and EtSH, respectively, as warnings. The 100-million-fold difference in olfactory perception between structurally similar EtSH and EtOH has long puzzled those studying olfaction. Mammals detect thiols and other odorants using odorant receptors (ORs), members of the family of seven transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Understanding the regulator cofactors and response of ORs is particularly challenging due to the lack of X-ray structural models. Here, we combine computational modeling and site-directed mutagenesis with saturation transfer difference (STD) NMR spectroscopy and measurements of the receptor response profiles. We find that human thiol receptor OR2T11 responds specifically to gas odorants t-BuSH and EtSH requiring ionic copper for its robust activation and that this role of copper is mimicked by ionic and nanoparticulate silver. While copper is both an essential nutrient for life and, in excess, a hallmark of various pathologies and neurodegenerative diseases, its involvement in human olfaction has not been previously demonstrated. When screened against a series of alcohols, thiols, sulfides, and metal-coordinating ligands, OR2T11 responds with enhancement by copper to the mouse semiochemical CH<sub>3</sub>SCH<sub>2</sub>SH and derivatives, to four-membered cyclic sulfide thietane and to one- to four-carbon straight- and branched-chain and five-carbon branched-chain thiols but not to longer chain thiols, suggesting compact receptor dimensions. Alcohols are unreactive.
Tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines and tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrido[3,2-a]pyrazines: vascular smooth muscle relaxants and antihypertensive agents (1984)

A series of tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines and tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrido[3,2-a]pyrazines were synthesized and tested for their ability to relax K+-depolarized aortic smooth muscle and antihypertensive activity. It was shown that compounds producing the most relaxation of aortic smooth muscle (5-[2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-1,2,3,3a-tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-a] quinoxalin-4(5H)-one and 5-[(2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-5,6,6a,7,8,9-hexahydropyrrolo[1,2- a] pyrazine, 10 and 19, respectively) demonstrated the least hypotensive activity. Those compounds that were the most effective hypotensive agents (6a,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5-(phenylmethyl)pyrido[3,2-a]pyrrolo[1,2-a]++ +pyrazin- 6(5H)-one and 6a,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5-(4-pyridinylmethyl)pyrido[3,2-e]pyrrolo [1,2-a]pyrazin-6(5H)-one, 12 and 13, respectively) displayed little vascular smooth muscle relaxant activity.
Efficient technology for wavelength stabilization and spectrum narrowing of high-power multimode laser diodes and arrays (2004)

We present a technology for achieving a significant line narrowing (by approximately an order of magnitude) and stabilization of the emission wavelength of multimode high-power laser diodes and arrays. This volume Bragg grating technology also can achieve a significant reduction in the slow axis divergence of a broad-area laser diode simultaneously with spectral line narrowing.
Mucolytic Activity of Human Pepsins 1 and 3 (1984)

Conference Abstract| February 01 1984 Mucolytic Activity of Human Pepsins 1 and 3 J.P. Pearson; J.P. Pearson 1* Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 7RU Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar N.B. Roberts; N.B. Roberts **Department of Chemical Pathology, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool L7 8XP Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar W.H. Taylor W.H. Taylor **Department of Chemical Pathology, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool L7 8XP Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Clin Sci (Lond) (1984) 66 (2): 61P–62P. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs066061Pb_pt2 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation J.P. Pearson, N.B. Roberts, W.H. Taylor; Mucolytic Activity of Human Pepsins 1 and 3. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 February 1984; 66 (2): 61P–62P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs066061Pb_pt2 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsClinical Science Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1984 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society1984 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Ranking objects based on relationships (2006)

In many document collections, documents are related to objects such as document authors, products described in the document, or persons referred to in the document. In many applications, the goal is to find these objects that best match a set of keywords. However, the keywords may not necessarily occur in the target objects; they occur only in the documents. For example, in a product review database, a user might search for names of products (say, laptops) using keywords like "lightweight" and "business use" that occur only in the reviews but not in the names of laptops. In order to answer these queries, we need to exploit relationships between documents containing the keywords and the target objects related to those documents. Current keyword query paradigms do not exploit these relationships effectively and hence are inefficient for these queries.In this paper, we consider a class of queries called the "object finder" queries. Our main intuition is to exploit the relationships between searchable documents and related objects and further "aggregate" the document scores from these relationships in order to find the best ranking target objects. Building upon existing keyword search engines such as full text search, we design efficient algorithms that exploit the requirement of only the best k target objects to terminate early. The main challenge here is to push early termination through blocking operators such as group by and aggregation. Our experiments with real datasets and workloads demonstrate the effectiveness of our techniques. Although we present our techniques in the context of keyword search, our techniques apply to other types of ranked searches (e.g., multimedia search) as well.
Bovine Trichomoniasis as a Model for Development of Vaccines against Sexually‐transmitted Disease (2001)

Systemic immunization or systemic priming with local boosting protects against bovine trichomoniasis via IgG or IgA antibodies (respectively) to a major surface antigen of trichomonads. Immunization of the genital mucosa results in formation of inductive sites for a local IgA response.
Attainment of clinical performance targets and improvement in clinical outcomes and resource use in hemodialysis care: a prospective cohort study (2007)

Attainment of more clinical performance targets, regardless of which targets, was strongly associated with decreased mortality, hospital admissions, and resource use in hemodialysis patients.
Supplementary Table 2 from Organic Cation Transporters Are Determinants of Oxaliplatin Cytotoxicity (2023)

Supplementary Table 2 from Organic Cation Transporters Are Determinants of Oxaliplatin Cytotoxicity
A Modular Cytokine Analysis Method Reveals Novel Associations With Clinical Phenotypes and Identifies Sets of Co-signaling Cytokines Across Influenza Natural Infection Cohorts and Healthy Controls (2019)

Cytokines and chemokines are key signaling molecules of the immune system. Recent technological advances enable measurement of multiplexed cytokine profiles in biological samples. These profiles can then be used to identify potential biomarkers of a variety of clinical phenotypes. However, testing for such associations for each cytokine separately ignores the highly context-dependent covariation in cytokine secretion and decreases statistical power to detect associations due to multiple hypothesis testing. Here we present CytoMod-a novel data-driven approach for analysis of cytokine profiles that uses unsupervised clustering and regression to identify putative functional modules of co-signaling cytokines. Each module represents a biosignature of co-signaling cytokines. We applied this approach to three independent clinical cohorts of subjects naturally infected with influenza in which cytokine profiles and clinical phenotypes were collected. We found that in two out of three cohorts, cytokine modules were significantly associated with clinical phenotypes, and in many cases these associations were stronger than the associations of the individual cytokines within them. By comparing cytokine modules across datasets, we identified cytokine "cores"-specific subsets of co-expressed cytokines that clustered together across the three cohorts. Cytokine cores were also associated with clinical phenotypes. Interestingly, most of these cores were also co-expressed in a cohort of healthy controls, suggesting that in part, patterns of cytokine co-signaling may be generalizable. CytoMod can be readily applied to any cytokine profile dataset regardless of measurement technology, increases the statistical power to detect associations with clinical phenotypes and may help shed light on the complex co-signaling networks of cytokines in both health and infection.
OS02-2-1 Picosecond Acoustic Microscopy (2011)

Acoustic microscopes have several potential advantages over optical microscopes. For some samples, the acoustical contrast, i.e., the variation in the acoustic properties from one part of the sample to another, is much larger than the variation in the optical properties. Sound can penetrate into opaque materials and examine sub-surface features. In addition, if the sound frequency can be made high enough, it may be possible to achieve better focusing than is possible with a far-field optical microscope.
Magnetic flux letters visualized by a laser-terahertz emission microscope (2004)

Magnetic flux letters are visualized by a laser terahertz emission microscope (LTEM). LTEM excites terahertz (THz) radiation from electronics materials with a femtosecond laser and maps the amplitude of the THz waves while scanning laser beam on the sample. Magnetic flux letters written in high-Tc superconductors are successfully imaged without destroying them.
Discovery of 7-Tetrahydropyran-2-yl Chromans: β-Site Amyloid Precursor Protein Cleaving Enzyme 1 (BACE1) Inhibitors That Reduce Amyloid β-Protein (Aβ) in the Central Nervous System (2014)

In an attempt to increase selectivity vs Cathepsin D (CatD) in our BACE1 program, a series of 1,3,4,4a,10,10a-hexahydropyrano[4,3-b]chromene analogues was developed. Three different Asp-binding moieties were examined: spirocyclic acyl guanidines, aminooxazolines, and aminothiazolines in order to modulate potency, selectivity, efflux, and permeability. Using structure-based design, substitutions to improve binding to both the S3 and S2' sites of BACE1 were explored. An acyl guanidine moiety provided the most potent analogues. These compounds demonstrated 10-420 fold selectivity for BACE1 vs CatD, and were highly potent in a cell assay measuring Aβ1-40 production (5-99 nM). They also suffered from high efflux. Despite this undesirable property, two of the acyl guanidines achieved free brain concentrations (Cfree,brain) in a guinea pig PD model sufficient to cover their cell IC50s. Moreover, a significant reduction of Aβ1-40 in guinea pig, rat, and cyno CSF (58%, 53%, and 63%, respectively) was observed for compound 62.
Osteoarthritis biomarkers derived from cartilage extracellular matrix: Current status and future perspectives (2016)

Specific soluble biomarkers can be powerful tools for the diagnosis, prognosis and personalized management of osteoarthritis (OA). Biomarkers are potential indicators of the effect of a drug on cartilage metabolism and provide crucial information about the mechanisms of drug action. In this review, we address key questions concerning the use of biomarkers in OA management: Why do we need soluble biomarkers? What are the most widely investigated biomarkers derived from cartilage extracellular matrix? What are the most common pitfalls in interpreting soluble biomarker measurements? What are the perspectives and future research directions in this field? We review current evidence to propose that cartilage-derived soluble biomarkers are complementary "drug development tools" that can be applied during drug development from preclinical research to clinical evaluation. In the future, such biomarkers could be surrogate markers of clinical and/or imaging outcomes. Successful standardization and implementation of automated biomarker assays will facilitate their use in companion diagnostics in the context of personalized medicine for enhanced management of OA.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Type of Retinoic Acid Receptor Antagonist: Synthesis and Structure‐Activity Relationships of Heterocyclic Ring‐Containing Benzoic Acid Derivatives. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
General purpose electronics for real‐time processing and encoding of non‐MR data in MR acquisitions (2018)

Abstract Recording of data other than MR signals are often of interest during MRI. We present unique, versatile circuitry developed for sampling and real‐time processing of such non‐MR signals to facilitate recording of these by an MR scanner. The circuitry is capable of acquiring multiple signals at 200 kHz sampling rate, measure RF power correlates, perform fast and flexible signal processing, and transmitting both amplitude and frequency modulated RF signals receivable by MR scanners. As an example of use, an electronic point‐source signal is generated by the circuitry, and transmitted wirelessly to the receive coil of an MR scanner during an echo planar imaging sequence.
Design considerations of a bearingless motor for high-purity mixing applications (2010)

This paper presents how a bearingless motor with exterior rotor can be implemented successfully in high-purity mixing applications. Important design parameters are identified and their influence on the system performance is demonstrated. The mechanical setup, the principle of bearing force and torque generation, the power electronics, the closed-loop control and the cooling concept are introduced in detail. Moreover, design considerations about optimizing the motor performance, the efficiency and the heat distribution are presented. Finally, the performance of the new motor is verified with a laboratory prototype.
Infection of Mice with Aerosolized Mycobacterium tuberculosis : Use of a Nose-Only Apparatus for Delivery of Low Doses of Inocula and Design of an Ultrasafe Facility (2002)

Aerosolized delivery of virulent or hypervirulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis requires careful consideration of methodology and safety. To maximize safety, we installed a nose-only aerosol apparatus that can reproducibly deliver a low dose (<100 CFU per mouse) of M. tuberculosis in a carefully designed biohazard facility.
Treatment-Related Changes in Left Atrial Structure in Atrial Fibrillation: Findings From the CABANA Imaging Substudy (2021)

[Figure: see text].
Spin profiles reconstruction in spun fibers by long-range polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (2006)

Polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography is proved an efficient nondestructive technique for spin profile reconstruction along spun fiber coils, allowing birefringence parameter spatial evolution to be recovered from Stokes analysis of backscattered light, with subcentimetric resolution
Synthesis and reactions of η3-5-oxocyclohexenyl(dicarbonyl)(η5-cyclopentadienyl)molybdenum (1989)

Deprotonation of cyclohexadiene(dicarbonyl)(η5-cyclopentadienyl)molybdenum hexafluorophosphate (1) gives the η3-cyclohexadienyl complex (2) which is converted to the 5-oxocyclohexenyl complex (4) by hydroboration followed by Swern oxidation; generation of the enolate of (4) and its reactions with electrophiles are reported.