gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Air Electrode: Identification of Intraelectrode Rate Phenomena via AC Impedance (1995)

In this study, we report here on the use of ac impedance spectroscopy to investigate intraelectrode processes occurring during oxygen reduction in a half‐cell. Investigated were novel composite electrode structures containing high surface area activated carbon fibers entrapped within a sinter‐bonded matrix of 2 μm diam stainless steel fibers. Systematic variations of the metal fiber to carbon fiber loading in the composite and also the electrode thickness and void volume fraction allowed mechanistic discrimination and development of a detailed equivalent circuit model for the electrode. AC impedance was performed at various applied potentials and imposed current densities to determine the relative magnitude of the resistances distributed among kinetic, ohmic, and transport processes as a function of reaction rate. A conceptual model proposed earlier for the active reaction zone within the air electrode is discussed.
Assessment of the role of afucosylated glycoforms on the in vitro antibody-dependent phagocytosis activity of an antibody to Aβ aggregates (2020)

The terminal sugars of Fc glycans can influence the Fc-dependent biological activities of monoclonal antibody therapeutics. Afucosylated N-glycans have been shown to significantly alter binding to FcγRIIIa and affect antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). Therefore, in order to maintain and ensure safety and efficacy for antibodies whose predominant mechanism of action (MOA) is ADCC, afucosylation is routinely monitored and controlled within appropriate limits. However, it is unclear how the composition and levels of afucosylated N-glycans can modulate the biological activities for a recombinant antibody whose target is not a cell surface receptor, as is the case with ADCC. The impact of different types and varying levels of enriched afucosylated N-glycan species on the <i>in vitro</i> bioactivities is assessed for an antibody whose target is aggregated amyloid beta (Aβ). While either the presence of complex biantennary or high mannose afucosylated glycoforms significantly increased FcγRIIIa binding activity compared to fucosylated glycoforms, they did not similarly increase aggregated Aβ uptake activity mediated by different effector cells. These experiments suggest that afucosylated N-glycans are not critical for the <i>in vitro</i> phagocytic activity of a recombinant antibody whose target is aggregated Aβ and uses Fc effector function as part of its MOA.
Optimization of OFDMA upstream schedule for IEEE 802.22 wireless regional area networks (2014)

This paper presents a method for optimizing OFDMA upstream scheduling in event monitoring applications related to IEEE 802.22 wireless regional area networks (WRANs). Upstream scheduling optimization is a trade-off between management transmission and data transmission in a frame. We provide analytical models to derive an optimum upstream schedule that maximizes the network performance in terms of network energy consumption and network throughput. Interestingly, the energy consumption decreases with an increase in the management transmission portion, whereas the maximum throughput is obtained at a specific management transmission portion. Moreover, the upstream schedule that minimizes the energy consumption may not provide the maximum network throughput, and vice versa. For investigating the optimal upstream schedule, we generalize the energy consumption over the throughput that indicates the energy consumed to achieve a unit of throughput. On the basis of the generalization, we find an optimal upstream ratio of the management transmission portion and the data transmission portion. Our study provides a useful solution to design the OFDMA upstream scheduler and to optimize the performance of the IEEE 802.22 WRANs.
Solving Linear Inverse Problems using Higher-Order Annealed Langevin Diffusion (2023)

We propose a solution for linear inverse problems based on higher-order Langevin diffusion. More precisely, we propose pre-conditioned second-order and third-order Langevin dynamics that provably sample from the posterior distribution of our unknown variables of interest while being computationally more efficient than their first-order counterpart and the non-conditioned versions of both dynamics. Moreover, we prove that both pre-conditioned dynamics are well-defined and have the same unique invariant distributions as the non-conditioned cases. We also incorporate an annealing procedure that has the double benefit of further accelerating the convergence of the algorithm and allowing us to accommodate the case where the unknown variables are discrete. Numerical experiments in two different tasks in communications (MIMO symbol detection and channel estimation) and in three tasks for images showcase the generality of our method and illustrate the high performance achieved relative to competing approaches (including learning-based ones) while having comparable or lower computational complexity.
Effectiveness of first and second COVID‐19 mRNA vaccine monovalent booster doses during a period of circulation of Omicron variant sublineages: December 2021–July 2022 (2023)

An mRNA vaccine booster dose added significant protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection, but protection decreased over time. A second booster did not add significant protection for adults ≥50 years of age. Uptake of recommended bivalent boosters should be encouraged to increase protection against Omicron BA.4/BA.5 sublineages.
Kalman-Filter-Based Sensor Integration of Variable Power Assist Control Based on Human Stiffness Estimation (2009)

In applications such as robot collaborating with human operators, the robot system must operate more slowly and be more compliant to safe user interaction. Moreover, a consideration of the dynamic properties of human operators is also important for the human application. According to such requirements, this paper presents a novel sensorless force control approach for the robot-assisted motion of the human arm. A twin direct-drive motor system with a wire rope has been developed to provide a precise force sensation and safety for human-robot interaction. In order to control the wire rope tension and human interaction force, two mode designs of the force control are realized. The common mode is utilized for the control of wire rope tension. In the differential mode, the Kalman-filter-based sensor integration for the interaction force observer is proposed in this paper. By combining two motor encoders and a commercial acceleration sensor together, white Gaussian noise is reduced, and high accurate feedback of the contact force is obtained. A variable power assist control method based on a real-time estimation of the stiffness of the human arm is also introduced. By considering the stiffness in human arm movements, this method increases the efficiency of the force control system and realizes comfortable force for human-robot interaction. The effectiveness of the method is verified by experimental results.
Genome‐wide Association Study of Autism Spectrum Disorder in the East Asian Populations (2015)

Autism spectrum disorder is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder with strong genetic basis. To identify common genetic variations conferring the risk of ASD, we performed a two‐stage genome‐wide association study using ASD family and healthy control samples obtained from East Asian populations. A total of 166 ASD families ( n = 500) and 642 healthy controls from the Japanese population were used as the discovery cohort. Approximately 900,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped using Affymetrix Genome‐Wide Human SNP array 6.0 chips. In the replication stage, 205 Japanese ASD cases and 184 healthy controls, as well as 418 Chinese Han trios ( n = 1,254), were genotyped by TaqMan platform. Case–control analysis, family based association test, and transmission/disequilibrium test (TDT) were then conducted to test the association. In the discovery stage, significant associations were suggested for 14 loci, including 5 known ASD candidate genes: GPC6 , JARID2 , YTHDC2 , CNTN4 , and CSMD1 . In addition, significant associations were identified for several novel genes with intriguing functions, such as JPH3, PTPRD, CUX1 , and RIT2 . After a meta‐analysis combining the Japanese replication samples, the strongest signal was found at rs16976358 ( P = 6.04 × 10 −7 ), which is located near the RIT2 gene. In summary, our results provide independent support to known ASD candidate genes and highlight a number of novel genes warranted to be further investigated in a larger sample set in an effort to improve our understanding of the genetic basis of ASD. Autism Res 2016, 9: 340–349 . © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Data from Periprostatic Adipose Tissue Favors Prostate Cancer Cell Invasion in an Obesity-Dependent Manner: Role of Oxidative Stress (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Prostate gland is surrounded by periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT), which is increasingly believed to play a paracrine role in prostate cancer progression. Our previous work demonstrates that adipocytes promote homing of prostate cancer cells to PPAT and that this effect is upregulated by obesity. Here, we show that once tumor cells have invaded PPAT (mimicked by an &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; model of coculture), they establish a bidirectional crosstalk with adipocytes, which promotes tumor cell invasion. Indeed, tumor cells induce adipocyte lipolysis and the free fatty acids (FFA) released are taken up and stored by tumor cells. Incubation with exogenous lipids also stimulates tumor cell invasion, underlining the importance of lipid transfer in prostate cancer aggressiveness. Transferred FFAs (after coculture or exogenous lipid treatment) stimulate the expression of one isoform of the pro-oxidant enzyme NADPH oxidase, NOX5. NOX5 increases intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) that, in turn, activate a HIF1/MMP14 pathway, which is responsible for the increased tumor cell invasion. In obesity, tumor-surrounding adipocytes are more prone to activate the depicted signaling pathway and to induce tumor invasion. Finally, the expression of NOX5 and MMP14 is upregulated at the invasive front of human tumors where cancer cells are in close proximity to adipocytes and this process is amplified in obese patients, underlining the clinical relevance of our results.&lt;/p&gt;Implications:&lt;p&gt;Our work emphasizes the key role of adjacent PPAT in prostate cancer dissemination and proposes new molecular targets for the treatment of obese patients exhibiting aggressive diseases.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
The Effect of Mitomycin C on Superficial Bladder Cancer (1981)

A course of intravesical mitomycin C, consisting of 8 weekly doses of 30 or 40 mg., was evaluated in 16 patients with superficial bladder cancer (stages O and A). Cystoscopically documented tumor was destroyed completely in 11 patients (69 per cent), while 3 patients exhibited partial tumor regression. Two patients had only multifocal, grade 3 carcinoma in situ and both had a complete response with negative biopsies and cytology at the 12-week evaluation. Toxicity was minimal. Further data, including longer followup, are needed to define the potentially promising role of this agent in the over-all management of superficial bladder cancer.
Steroid-based Facial Amphiphiles for Stabilization and Crystallization of Membrane Proteins (2014)

Amphiphile selection is a critical step for structural studies of membrane proteins (MPs). We have developed a family of steroid-based facial amphiphiles (FAs) that are structurally distinct from conventional detergents and previously developed FAs. The unique FAs stabilize MPs and form relatively small protein-detergent complexes (PDCs), a property considered favorable for MP crystallization. We attempted to crystallize several MPs belonging to different protein families, including the human gap junction channel protein connexin 26, the ATP binding cassette transporter MsbA, the seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor-like bacteriorhodopsin, and cytochrome P450s (peripheral MPs). Using FAs alone or mixed with other detergents or lipids, we obtained 3D crystals of the above proteins suitable for X-ray crystallographic analysis. The fact that FAs enhance MP crystallizability compared with traditional detergents can be attributed to several properties, including increased protein stability, formation of small PDCs, decreased PDC surface flexibility, and potential to mediate crystal lattice contacts.
Improved Performance and Stability of Inverted Organic Solar Cells with Sol–Gel Processed, Amorphous Mixed Metal Oxide Electron Extraction Layers Comprising Alkaline Earth Metals (2013)

Abstract Stability of organic photovoltaic devices (OPVs) is a limiting factor for their commercialization and still remains a major challenge whilst power conversion efficiencies are now approaching minimum requirements. The inverted organic solar cell (iOSC) architecture shows promising potential for improving significantly the cell's working lifetime. However, when solution processed ZnO is used as electron extraction layer, an undesirable light‐soaking step is commonly required before the device reaches a non‐permanent maximum performance. This work investigates the use of Sr and Ba doped ZnO films, ZnSrO and ZnBaO, formed by sol‐gel deposition using molecular alkoxide precursor solutions, as electron extraction layers in a model iOSCs with poly [3‐hexylthiophene] (P3HT): [6, 6]‐phenyl C60 butyl acid methyl ester (PCBM) as the active layer. We show that using these ternary oxides the light‐soaking step can be circumvented by preventing a dipole forming between the oxide and the active organic layer as supported by electroabsorption spectroscopy measurements of the device built‐in field. It is suggested that Sr or Ba doping results in suppression/reduction of the oxygen adsorption at mobile oxygen vacancy sites on the metal oxide surface. Like in thin film transistor (TFT) applications, where materials like InGaZnO are rapidly becoming an important technology, the use of amorphous, mixed metal oxides allows improving the performance and stability of interfacial charge extraction layers for organic solar cells.
Eosinophilic Cytoplasmic Inclusion Bodies in Vesicular Multinucleated Melanocytes (2012)

Different types of multinucleated melanocytes have been described in benign and malignant melanocytic lesions. Here we describe a relatively common, though underappreciated, type of multinucleated melanocyte characterized by abundant vesicular and fibrillary-appearing cytoplasm containing one or multiple eosinophilic inclusion bodies. In our experience, these vesicular multinucleated melanocytes with inclusion bodies are invariably seen in nevi of long duration. The presence of these cells can be a reassuring histological finding when evaluating a melanocytic lesion.
A Capacitor Voltage Balancing Approach Based on Mapping Strategy for MMC Applications (2019)

This paper proposes a new strategy to achieve balanced capacitor voltages in modular multilevel converters. Among the possible solutions, centralized arm control approaches are often adopted. These methods require a balancing technique based on a sorted list of the sub-modules according to their capacitor voltages. In order to achieve the aforementioned sorted list, different algorithms have been proposed in literature, such as: Sorting algorithms, max/min approaches, etc. However, the sorting algorithms require a long execution time, while the max/min approaches affect the converter dynamic response during faults. To overcome these issues, a new mapping strategy providing a quasi-sorted list is proposed in this paper. The suggested method is compared in simulation with both the classical bubble sorting algorithm, and the max/min method during both normal and faulty conditions. Moreover, the three methods have been implemented in a Xilinx Zynq-7000 System-on-Chip (SoC) device, in order to analyze the corresponding execution time and the required computational effort. Hardware-in-the-loop results are presented for demonstrating the superior performance of the proposed balancing strategy.
Studies of the mechanism of cytolysis by HIV-1-specific CD4+ human CTL clones induced by candidate AIDS vaccines. (1994)

Vaccine-induced, virus-specific CTLs may rapidly eliminate the host cells that first become infected after virus exposure, thereby preventing disseminated infection. Thus, there is much interest in the ability of candidate AIDS vaccines to elicit CTLs. All HIV-1 envelope (env) protein-based vaccines tested to date in seronegative humans induce CTLs from the CD4+ subset. Because the mechanism of cytolysis by CD4+ CTLs is controversial, a detailed study of the cytolytic reactions mediated by vaccine-induced, HIV-1-specific human CD4+ CTL clones was conducted. CD4+ CTL clones induced rapid destruction of Ag-pulsed target cells. Lysis was readily detectable within 15 min. Lysis was not a result of syncytium formation between CD4+ effector cells and env-expressing targets. Target cell destruction was not dependent upon de novo RNA or protein synthesis in either the effector or the target cell. Expression of perforin mRNA was detected by Northern blotting and reverse-transcriptase-PCR in CD4+ CTL clones but not in autologous B lymphoblastoid cell lines. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated perforin protein in cytoplasmic granules in CD4+ CTL clones. Lysis by CD4+ CTLs was strictly dependent upon extracellular Ca2+ and was highly specific, with no lysis of innocent bystander cells. DNA fragmentation was detectable in target cells, but did not precede 51Cr release. Taken together, these results provide a dramatically different view of cytolysis by human CD4+ CTLs. Target cells are lysed by a rapid and efficient mechanism that involves a preformed mediator and that is functionally similar to the mechanism used by CD8+ CTLs.
Wavefield Separation of Multicomponent Land Seismic Data Using Spatial Wavefield Gradients (2016)

Summary Land seismic recordings at the Earth’s surface register the sum of the upgoing, downgoing reflected and downgoing mode-converted wavefields. However, for true amplitude and phase imaging and subsurface characterization, records of the upgoing wavefield only are desired. We present an approach to isolate the upgoing wavefield for individual densely spaced receiver groups based on the elastodynamic representation theorem. We make use of spatial wavefield gradient estimates derived from multicomponent sensor groups, which allows approximating the wavefield separation expressions with compact filters. Our method does not make any assumption regarding single or isolated arrivals. Compared to the traditional approach of multicomponent data interpretation, which assumes vertical wave propagation, our approach incorporating spatial wavefield gradient estimates significantly improves the separation results up to incidence angles of around 25° and 50° for the horizontal and vertical components, respectively.
Tracking medication dispensed from a hospital pharmacy (1999)

Journal Article Tracking medication dispensed from a hospital pharmacy Get access Frank E. Weinhold, M.S., Frank E. Weinhold, M.S. Pharmacy Manager PeaceHealth St. John Medical Center 1614 E. Kessler Boulevard Longview, WA 98632 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Joel Osborne, M.P.H., FASHP, Joel Osborne, M.P.H., FASHP President OSU Oklahoma, Inc. 1312 Sangre Road Stillwater, OK 74074 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Paul Renes, Paul Renes Pharmacy System Manager Integris Baptist Medical Center 3300 Northwest Expressway Oklahoma City, OK 73112 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Mark Thomas, M.S., Mark Thomas, M.S. Pharmacy Manager Integris Baptist Medical Center 3300 Northwest Expressway Oklahoma City, OK 73112 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Larry Sonnenschein, Pharm.D. Larry Sonnenschein, Pharm.D. Pharmacy System Manager 3330 Lomita Boulevard Torrance Memorial Medical Center Torrance, CA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, Volume 56, Issue 12, 15 June 1999, Page 1190, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/56.12.1190 Published: 15 June 1999
OS06W0384 Young's modulus measurement of polysilicon thin film using thin film tensile tester equipped with electrostatic force grip (2003)

Young's modulus of polysilicon thin film was measured by means of a tensile tester equipped with an electrostatic force grip system. Images of gauge marks on a specimen were captured by a high-speed digital CCD camera and the tensile strain was calculated from the images. The linear stress-strain curve was obtained and Young's modulus measured. The polysilicon specimens were 1.7μm thick, 20 and 50μm wide, and 100 and 500μm in gauge length. The mean Young's modulus ranged from 163〜174 GPa, which agreed with the theoretical and values measured using the bulge method. The resolution of the strain measurement was less than 50 nm, and the comparison to the differential methods shows the image analysis system had smaller deviations.
Evidence for dipolar cross-correlation from triple-quantum-filtered two-dimensional exchange NMR spectroscopy (1988)

Cross-correlation between pairs of dipole-dipole interactions may lead to a partial conversion of longitudinal Zeeman magnetization into longitudinal three-spin order, which can be obsd. selectively by using a triple-quantum filter in conjunction with two-dimensional exchange expts. The resulting TQF-NOESY method (triple-quantum filtered nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy) provides information about angles subtended by internuclear vectors. [on SciFinder (R)]
The enzymatic activity of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase is enhanced by NPM-ALK: new insights in ALK-mediated pathogenesis and the treatment of ALCL (2008)

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma represents a subset of neoplasms caused by translocations that juxtapose the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) to dimerization partners. The constitutive activation of ALK fusion proteins leads to cellular transformation through a complex signaling network. To elucidate the ALK pathways sustaining lymphomagenesis and tumor maintenance, we analyzed the tyrosine-kinase protein profiles of ALK-positive cell lines using 2 complementary proteomic-based approaches, taking advantage of a specific ALK RNA interference (RNAi) or cell-permeable inhibitors. A well-defined set of ALK-associated tyrosine phosphopeptides, including metabolic enzymes, kinases, ribosomal and cytoskeletal proteins, was identified. Validation studies confirmed that vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein and 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/inosine monophosphate cyclohydrolase (ATIC) associated with nucleophosmin (NPM)-ALK, and their phosphorylation required ALK activity. ATIC phosphorylation was documented in cell lines and primary tumors carrying ALK proteins and other tyrosine kinases, including TPR-Met and wild type c-Met. Functional analyses revealed that ALK-mediated ATIC phosphorylation enhanced its enzymatic activity, dampening the methotrexate-mediated transformylase activity inhibition. These findings demonstrate that proteomic approaches in well-controlled experimental settings allow the definition of informative proteomic profiles and the discovery of novel ALK downstream players that contribute to the maintenance of the neoplastic phenotype. Prediction of tumor responses to methotrexate may justify specific molecular-based chemotherapy.
The p-Nitrophenylethyl Group - An Universal Blocking Group in Nucleoside and Nucleotide Chemistry (1985)

Abstract The development of the p-nitrophenylethyl (NPE) group for phosphate, phosphite and amide protection as well as the p-nitrophenyleth-oxycarbonyl (NPEOC) group for amino and hydroxy protection offers the first universally applicable blocking groups in nucleoside, nucleotide and oligonucleotide chemistry.