gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
UROLITHIASIS, ENDOUROLOGY AND LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY (2000)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUROLOGICAL SURVEY: ABSTRACTS1 Feb 2000UROLITHIASIS, ENDOUROLOGY AND LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY Ralph V. ClaymanM.D. Ralph V. ClaymanRalph V. Clayman More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)67956-6AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail References 1 : Staghorn calculi: analysis of treatment results between initial percutaneous nephrostolithotomy and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy monotherapy with reference to surface area. J Urol1992; 147: 1219. Link, Google Scholar 2 : Outcomes and selection of surgical therapies of stones in the kidney and ureter. In: . New York: Lippincott-Raven1996: 709. Google Scholar 1 : Urologist-acquired renal access for percutaneous renal surgery. Urology1998; 51: 920. Google Scholar 2 : Intercostal space nephrostomy for percutaneous stone removal. AJR Am J Roentgenol1986; 147: 393. Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar 3 : Evolution of the technique of combination therapy for staghorn calculi: a decreasing role for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. J Urol1992; 148: 1058. Link, Google Scholar © 2000 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 163Issue 2February 2000Page: 679-685 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2000 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Ralph V. Clayman More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Frequency synthesizer for on-chip testing and automated tuning (2004)

This paper presents a compact, phase-locked loop (PLL) based, frequency synthesizer suitable for built-in testing and automatic tuning applications operating in the 100 MHz frequency range. Key features of this design include a differential charge pump with common mode feedback (CMFB) and a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) based on a pseudo-differential OTA with a linear transconductance control and tuning invariant output resistance. Experimental results from an integrated prototype fabricated using standard 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS technology are presented. The measured HD3 of the output signal is better than -39 dB over 80% of the tuning range: 40-160 MHz. The circuit occupies a silicon area of 200/spl times/1000 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ and operates from a 3.3 V power supply.
Reply to the ‘Comment on “Techno-economic analysis of capacitive and intercalative water deionization”’ by S. K. Patel, L. Wang and M. Elimelech, Energy Environ. Sci., 2021, 10.1039/D0EE03321A (2021)

This reply provides updated energy consumption estimates at clearly defined separation conditions for electrochemical desalination concepts.
"Out of Their Minds" by Dennis Shasha and Cathy Lezere. (1996)

At MLRA the diastolic flow pattern at rest and the maximal DPV in hyperaemic response correlated significantly with the LIMA run-off area whereas the last variable is the strongest predictor of the LIMA run-off area.
Potential Inhibition of PDK1/Akt Signaling by Phenothiazines Suppresses Cancer Cell Proliferation and Survival (2008)

3'-Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK1) has been identified for its ability to phosphorylate and activate Akt. Accumulated studies have shown that the activation of the PDK1/Akt pathway plays a pivotal role in cell survival, proliferation, and tumorigenesis. Therefore, the PDK1/Akt pathway is believed to be a critical target for cancer intervention. In this paper, we report the discovery of a new function of phenothiazines, widely known as antipsychotics, inhibiting PDK1/Akt pathway. Upon epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulation, phenothiazines specifically suppressed the kinase activity of PDK1 and the phosphorylation level of Akt. The inhibition of PDK1/Akt kinase resulted in suppression of EGF-induced cell growth and induction of apoptosis in human ovary cancer cells. In particular, phenothiazines were highly selective for downstream targets of PDK1/Akt and did not inhibit the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), EGFR, or extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). In particular, phenothiazines effectively suppressed tumor growth in nude mice of human cancer cells. Taken together, these findings provide strong evidence for novel function of phenothiazines, pharmacologically targeting PDK1/Akt for anticancer drug discovery.
N-Heterocyclic carbene-initiated hydrosilylation of styryl alcohols with dihydrosilanes: a mechanistic investigation (2013)

Investigation of the mechanism of the NHC-initiated hydrosilylation of styryl alcohols in the presence of a dihydrosilane suggests a general base catalysis mechanism and not the activation of the dihydrosilane by the NHC.
Synthesis and Characterization of Zincosilicates with the SOD Topology (1994)

The incorporation of Zn^(2+) into tetrahedral framework positions of zeolites with the sodalite topology (SOD) is obtained by direct synthesis. The zincosilicates are characterized by thermal analyses, a Rietveld refinement of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) data, and infrared&#13;\n(IR) and ^1H, ^(23)Na, ^(13)C, and ^(29)Si MAS NMR spectroscopies. A zinc substitution level as high&#13;\nas Si/Zn = 6-7 is achieved and constitutes by far the largest extent of isomorphous substitution by a doubly charged heteroatom in the framework of a zeolite. Two types of β-cage occupancies (TMA^+ and Na^+) are observed.
[HPLC-investigations of imidazoquinazolone derivatives. Part 2]. (1991)

In a previous paper (2) authors, reported good correlation between the HPLC (log k') and TLC (RM) retention data and the 1-octanol/water partition coefficient (log l') of imidazoquinazolone derivatives synthetized in their laboratory. In the present work the behaviour of the compounds in HPLC systems containing ion-pairing agents (camphorsulfonic acid, Na-dodecyl sulfate) has been studied. While, in reversed phase systems no change of retention indicating the formation of ion-pairs or molecule complexes was observed, camphor-sulfonic acid caused significant increase of retention in the chromatographic systems with bare silica as stationary phase. This phenomenon is interpreted by the formation of camphorsulfonic acid double layer on the silica surface and as a consequence of mixed retention mechanism. The results of a detailed study on the latter subject will be published in a next paper. Double peak formation was observed in reversed phase system in case of C1-C3 disubstituted derivatives. This was interpreted with the formation of isomeric mixtures. Theoretical considerations as well as the identical spectra of the two peaks make plausible the appearance and separation of conformational isomers.
New insights into the microstructure of translucent CaAlSiN3:Eu2+ phosphor ceramics for solid-state laser lighting (2016)

Detailed microstructures and performances as well as the relationships between them have been analyzed.
A novel sensor network architecture (2011)

Wireless sensor devices are becoming an integral part of the human environment and their seamless integration has created a range of new Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) architectures. The Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol is a key component of WSN's, as it critically affects important characteristics like lifetime of the network, throughput guarantees and cost effectiveness. In this thesis we attempt to design new MAC protocols for emerging WSN architectures and applications. 
A sensor network can be functionally described as a heterogeneous collection of devices that collect and exchange data. Based on this functional distinction we propose to classify the network into two tiers—(i) a class of resource constrained devices that collect data and (ii) a class a devices whose main function is to exchange and propagate the collected data through the network. 
First, we consider data collection using resource constrained nodes and study the problem of providing a guaranteed delivery probability and differentiated QoS to nodes that do not have the capability to receive any signals. We develop a new MAC protocol based on stochastic methods to solve this problem and show that we can achieve good performance for densely deployed networks. We also study extensions of the protocol that use multiple channels and rudimentary BPSK receivers to improve the system capacity. 
Secondly, we study data intensive networks in which the nodes require guaranteed QoS in terms of throughput and delay. Although there exist many protocols that meet these requirements, all of them require some form of centralized control. Specifically, we study the problem of high data rate communication in a completely distributed manner, with no form of centralized control. To solve this problem we develop a TDMA based protocol and algorithms that can provide distributed contention free channel access. 
Finally, we apply these MAC protocols to practical applications and study their performance in field deployments. This provides a significant insight into the performance, benefits and drawbacks of these protocols. We hope the lessons learnt will be a valuable input to the design of protocols for next generation networks.
Supplementary Table S3 from Paternally Expressed Gene 10 (PEG10) Promotes Growth, Invasion, and Survival of Bladder Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;siRNAs and plasmids used in this study&lt;/p&gt;
Determination of knee cartilage volume and surface area in beagle dogs: a pilot study (2017)

The cartilage volume and surface area of the Beagle dog appears to correlate significantly with body weight. This study provides a reference base for future studies investigating cartilage related pathology such as osteoarthritis.
From Inactive Nortopsentin D, a Novel Bis(indole) Alkaloid Isolated from the Axinellid Sponge Dragmacidon sp. from Deep Waters South of New Caledonia, to a Strongly Cytotoxic Derivative (1996)

Abstract Nortopsentin D ( 5 ), a bis(indole) alkaloid unique for bearing a 2‐amino‐methylimidazole appendage at the central 1 H ‐imidazol‐5(4 H )‐one nucleus, was isolated in abundance, besides the putative biogenetic precursor 6 of its appendage, from the deep‐water axinellid sponge Dragmacidon sp. Structural elucidation of 5 by NMR and MS methods heavily relied on its N ‐methyl derivatives 8–11 . Unusually for topsentin‐type structures, natural 5 and semisynthetic methyl derivatives 8 and 10 proved inactive on KB tumoural cells, while introduction of the last three methyl groups, amazingly led to highly cytotoxic 11 .
Computational Screening of Porous Organic Molecules for Xenon/Krypton Separation (2017)

We performed a computational screening of previously reported porous molecular materials, including porous organic cages, cucurbiturils, cyclodextrins, and cryptophanes, for Xe/Kr separation. Our approach for rapid screening through analysis of single host molecules, rather than the solid state structure of the materials, is evaluated. We use a set of tools including in-house software for structural evaluations, electronic structure calculations for guest binding energies, and molecular dynamics and metadynamics simulations to study the effect of the hosts’ flexibility upon guest diffusion. Our final results confirm that the CC3 cage molecule, previously reported as high performing for Xe/Kr separation, is the most promising of this class of materials reported to date. The Noria molecule was also found to be promising, and we therefore synthesized two related Noria molecules and tested their performance for Xe/Kr separation in the laboratory.
Organophosphorus Derivatives of Glutamic Acid and 2‐Hydroxyglutaric Acid (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Incorporation of Furan into Low Band-Gap Polymers for Efficient Solar Cells (2010)

The design, synthesis, and characterization of the first examples of furan-containing low band-gap polymers, PDPP2FT and PDPP3F, with substantial power conversion efficiencies in organic solar cells are reported. Inserting furan moieties in the backbone of the conjugated polymers enables the use of relatively small solubilizing side chains because of the significant contribution of the furan rings to overall polymer solubility in common organic solvents. Bulk heterojunction solar cells fabricated from furan-containing polymers and PC(71)BM as the acceptor showed power conversion efficiencies reaching 5.0%.
Spin-wave resonances in the presence of a Bloch wall (2014)

In-plane magnetized films of CoTaZr demonstrate standing spin-wave resonances in the complex permeability spectra well below the ferromagnetic resonance frequency. From detailed analysis of the static field dependence of the modes combined with observation of the domains using Kerr microscopy, we show that these modes originate from spin waves within the Bloch walls where the magnetization rotates perpendicular to the plane of the film. Unlike spin waves typically described in perpendicularly magnetized films, the frequencies involved are much lower due to unique field dynamics inside the wall. This theory can be fully understood by incorporating these observations into an analytical model using the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation, with good agreement between model and experimental measurement.
Preparation of Li[sub 4/3]Ti[sub 5/3]O[sub 4] Thin Film Electrodes by a PVP Sol-Gel Coating Method and Their Electrochemical Properties (2003)

A thin film electrode for rechargeable lithium batteries was prepared by a sol-gel coating method with poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP). A Li-Ti-O sol was successfully prepared by using PVP. The sol coated on Au substrate with a spin coater was converted to a gel film through a spin coating process. The Li-Ti-O gel film was heated at various temperatures for 1 h. The prepared thin films were characterized with both X-ray diffraction method and scanning electron microscopy. These analyses indicated that the prepared film belonged to a spinel structure and had a uniform morphology. Electrochemical properties of the prepared electrode films were evaluated by using a discharge and charge test, cyclic voltammogram, and impedance spectroscopy in a mixed solvent of ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate (1:1 in volume) with 1.0 mol dm−3 From these results, it can be said that the thin film electrode prepared at 600°C for 1 h had excellent electrochemical properties. A chemical diffusion coefficient of ion in the thin film electrode was estimated to be cm2 s−1 by using an impedance measurement at 1.59 V vs. The above results indicate that the film prepared through the sol-gel coating method with PVP can be used as an anode with a fast electrochemical response for rechargeable lithium batteries. © 2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Chemically engineering ligand selectivity at the free fatty acid receptor 2 based on pharmacological variation between species orthologs (2012)

When it is difficult to develop selective ligands within a family of related G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), chemically engineered receptors activated solely by synthetic ligands (RASSLs) are useful alternatives for probing receptor function. In the present work, we explored whether a RASSL of the free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFA2) could be developed on the basis of pharmacological variation between species orthologs. For this, bovine FFA2 was characterized, revealing distinct ligand selectivity compared with human FFA2. Homology modeling and mutational analysis demonstrated a single mutation in human FFA2 of C4.57G resulted in a human FFA2 receptor with ligand selectivity similar to the bovine receptor. This was exploited to generate human FFA2-RASSL by the addition of a second mutation at a known orthosteric ligand interaction site, H6.55Q. The resulting FFA2-RASSL displayed a >100-fold loss of activity to endogenous ligands, while responding to the distinct ligand sorbic acid with pEC(50) values for inhibition of cAMP, 5.83 ± 0.11; Ca(2+) mobilization, 4.63 ± 0.05; ERK phosphorylation, 5.61 ± 0.06; and dynamic mass redistribution, 5.35 ± 0.06. This FFA2-RASSL will be useful in future studies on this receptor and demonstrates that exploitation of pharmacological variation between species orthologs is a powerful method to generate novel chemically engineered GPCRs.
Deletion within the Src homology domain 3 of Bruton's tyrosine kinase resulting in X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA). (1994)

The gene responsible for X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) has been recently identified to code for a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase (Bruton's agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase, BTK), required for normal B cell development. BTK, like many other cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, contains Src homology domains (SH2 and SH3), and catalytic kinase domain. SH3 domains are important for the targeting of signaling molecules to specific subcellular locations. We have identified a family with XLA whose affected members have a point mutation (g-->a) at the 5' splice site of intron 8, resulting in the skipping of coding exon 8 and loss of 21 amino acids forming the COOH-terminal portion of the BTK SH3 domain. The study of three generations within this kinship, using restriction fragment length polymorphism and DNA analysis, allowed identification of the mutant X chromosome responsible for XLA and the carrier status in this family. BTK mRNA was present in normal amounts in Epstein-Barr virus-induced B lymphoblastoid cell lines established from affected family members. Although the SH3 deletion did not alter BTK protein stability and kinase activity of the truncated BTK protein was normal, the affected patients nevertheless have a severe B cell defect characteristic for XLA. The mutant protein was modeled using the normal BTK SH3 domain. The deletion results in loss of two COOH-terminal beta strands containing several residues critical for the formation of the putative SH3 ligand-binding pocket. We predict that, as a result, one or more crucial SH3 binding proteins fail to interact with BTK, interrupting the cytoplasmic signal transduction process required for B cell differentiation.
End-User Research in Support of Long-Acting Systemic Antiretroviral Delivery Systems: Insights from Qualitative Research with Providers and Target Users in South Africa (2022)

Abstract Background While oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been shown to reduce the risk of HIV, challenges such as adhering to a daily-dosing regimen and persistence have emerged as barriers for at-risks populations in South Africa. This qualitative research sought to investigate perceptions of and preferences for a long-acting, biodegradable implantable PrEP product designed to address these barriers. Methods To identify and understand motivators, barriers, and preferences for the PrEP implant, we conducted qualitative in-depth interviews (IDIs) among health care providers (HCP) and target end-users (young women, adolescent girls, and female sex workers) in urban and rural regions of Gauteng Province, South Africa. The IDIs focused on defining values, beliefs, habits, lifestyles, influencers, and information channels for potential PrEP implant end-users. Results We conducted 36 IDIs across health care providers and target end-user respondent segments. Respondents had generally positive reactions to the PrEP implant. Most end-users felt that some undesirable aspects of the implant (e.g., side effects, pain during insertion, potential scarring, and dissolvability) would be offset by having a highly effective, and long-lasting HIV prevention product. Although some HCPs believed the implantable PrEP would lead to increases in promiscuity and risky sexual behavior, most HCPs saw value in the PrEP implant’s long duration of protection and the likelihood of higher adherence relative to oral PrEP. Conclusions While further research is necessary, this qualitative study demonstrates demand for a biodegradable, long-acting implantable PrEP and suggests such a product would be accepted by end-users and HCPs in South Africa. This study indicates the need to develop more convenient, discreet, long-acting, and highly effective biomedical HIV prevention options for at-risk populations.
Decoy Peptides that Bind Dynorphin Noncovalently Prevent NMDA Receptor-Mediated Neurotoxicity (2006)

Prodynorphin-derived peptides elicit various pathological effects including neurological dysfunction and cell death. These actions are reduced by N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) but not opioid receptor antagonists suggesting NMDAR-mediation. Here, we show that a conserved epitope (KVNSEEEEEDA) of the NR1 subunit of the NMDAR binds dynorphin peptides (DYNp) noncovalently. Synthetic peptides containing this epitope form stable complexes with DYNp and prevent the potentiation of NMDAR-gated currents produced by DYNp. They attenuate DYNp-evoked cell death in spinal cord and prevent, as well as reverse, DYNp-induced paralysis and allodynia. The data reveal a novel mechanism whereby prodynorphin-derived peptides facilitate NMDAR function and produce neurotoxicity. Furthermore, they suggest that synthetic peptides that bind DYNp, thus preventing their interaction with NMDAR, may be novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of spinal cord injury.
<title>Holographic lithography for microcircuits</title> (1990)

Experimental results of a high resolution holographic imaging system using lensless geometry are demonstrated. A master mask is imaged on a photopolymer and is recorded as a volume hologram, which is then employed as the hologrphic mask. Formation of a 0.5un resolution image was consistently observed in a large field with illumination by an Argon laser operating at 457 nm, and the pattern was successfully recorded on photoresist.
Viscoelastic characterization of an elliptic structure in dynamic elastography imaging using a semi-analytical shear wave scattering model (2011)

In the context of dynamic elastography, the quantitative estimation of elasticity usually relies on homogeneity, linearity and isotropy assumptions. However, the presence of confined mechanical heterogeneities such as tumors, make those assumptions coarse. In this study, a semi-analytical model of shear wave scattering by elliptical structures is proposed in order to take into account physical interactions due to the presence of a mechanical heterogeneity including viscous effects. The model was validated using the finite element method as a reference in a forward problem approach. Then, an inversion method based on a least-square optimization was applied to in-vitro results obtained on agar-gelatin phantoms. Finally, the robustness of the inversion procedure was assessed considering various signal-to-noise ratios. Theoretical results were found in good agreement with the forward problem formulation. The inverse problem allowed robust viscoelastic assessments of phantom materials without any assumption on their rheological behavior.