gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tris(Keto‐Hydrazone): A Fully Integrated Highly Stable and Exceptionally Sensitive H2S Capacitive Sensor (2021)

Abstract Here a novel tris(keto‐hydrazone) monomer having secondary amines and alkoxy groups to detect toxic hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) gas is reported. The as‐synthesized tris(keto‐hydrazone) monomer is successfully integrated on a micro‐fabricated device to realize an organic capacitive sensor. The organic sensor's quantitative detection capability toward H 2 S gas and its specificity against the other toxic gases and volatile organic compounds are investigated. The capacitance sensor achieves an excellent sensitivity (80% parts per million –1 ) toward H 2 S gas with an experimental limit of detection of around 25 parts per billion. Besides, the fabricated capacitive sensor displays minimal response to humidity (0.005% RH –1 ), and high ambient stability (≈8 months) without compromising sensing performance. Furthermore, the energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy spectrum analysis confirms the adsorption of sulfur atoms over the surface of the monomer after the exposure to H 2 S gas. After that, a short purge of N 2 gas would suffice to revive the whole device and can work with negligible losses.
The regulation of fatty acid biosynthesis (1978)

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Resource Curse? Governmentality, Oil and Power in the Niger Delta, Nigeria (2017)

This chapter explores how oil capitalism produces, from the realities of forms of rule and political authority into which it is inserted, specific sorts of what Rose call 'governable space'. It focuses on three spaces–chieftainship, the space of indigeneity, and the nation – each of which is associated with conflict and violence. The chapter seeks to trace the variety of violences engendered by oil, to elaborate the ways in which resources, territoriality and identity can constitute forms of rule. Crude oil production in the Niger delta currently runs at 2.18 million barrels per day, accounting for over 90 per cent of Nigerian foreign exchange earnings. Oil production in Nigeria has always been a joint venture, currently 16 oil majors bound by joint operating agreements to determine the distribution of royalties and rents. Oil has been a sort of idiom in which new social forces are unleashed, overturning traditional power structures and in some cases generating violent conflict, albeit along a series of rather different vectors.
Investigating the active role of mechanical force during T-cell activation (2016)

The role of mechanical force has gained increasing interest in the field of cell biology owing to the realisation that cells are continually subject to stresses and strains induced by the cellular environment. Cells are known to be able to sense and react to forces imposed on them by their local environment as well as being able to directly impart force during motility, adhesion and cell division. This is also true for cells of the adaptive immune system, specifically during the intimate cell-cell interaction occurring between the T-cell and Antigen Presenting Cell (APC), known as the Immunological Synapse (IS). This highly selective process by which a T cell is able to bind, recognise and react to only foreign antigens has been the focus of intense study due to its crucial importance in the adaptive immune response. The actin cytoskeleton is known to play an essential role in the formation and maintenance of the IS, but questions remain regarding the influence of forces generated by actin during this process. With the aim of measuring mechanical force generated at the IS, we present a novel method combining the super resolution imaging technique, Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) microscopy and Traction Force Microscopy (TFM). Using the tunable kinetics of the 1G4 Jurkat T-cell system in combination with high spatial and temporal resolution microscopy we demonstrate that actin dynamics at the IS is antigen dependent and show by TFM that force generation occurs on two distinct time scales during activation, mediated by the actin cytoskeleton. Together, the results highlight the intimate links between the dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton, force generation and the antigen response of T cells during activation.
Breathing abnormalities in sleep in achondroplasia. (1993)

Overnight sleep studies were performed in 20 subjects with achondroplasia to document further the respiratory abnormalities present in this group. Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) were recorded in 19 of the subjects to screen for the presence of brainstem abnormalities, which are one of the potential aetiological mechanisms. Fifteen children aged 1 to 14 years, and five young adults, aged 20 to 31 years were included. All had upper airway obstruction and 15 (75%) had a pathological apnoea index (greater than five per hour). Other sleep associated respiratory abnormalities, including partial obstruction, central apnoea, and abnormal electromyographic activity of accessory muscles of respiration, also showed a high prevalence. SEPs were abnormal in eight (42%), but there was no correlation between abnormal SEPs and apnoea during sleep, either qualitatively or quantitatively. A high prevalence of both sleep related respiratory abnormalities and abnormal SEPs in young subjects with achondroplasia was demonstrated. However, the sleep related respiratory abnormalities do not always result in significant blood gas disturbances or correlate with abnormal SEPs in this group.
Direct Wavelength Measurement of the Visible M1 Transition in Ba<sup>7+ </sup>with a Novel Calibration Method (2019)

We observed and directly measured the M1 transition between the two states of the fine structure splitting in the ground state of Ba7+ with a visible spectrometer coupled to a compact electron beam ion trap. To validate the measurement accuracy, we demonstrated a calibration method using Ar+ emissions from buffer gas. The wavenumber in vacuum was determined to be 23591.57 (15) cm−1.
Investigation of the Mechanical/Thermal Properties of Nano-Scale Silicon Nitride Membranes (2019)

In micro/nano electro-mechanical system, silicon nitride (SiN x ) membrane has been widely used in sensors, energy harvesting and optical filters because of its mechanical/chemical stability. However, it is necessary to verify mechanical and thermal properties of nanoscale SiNx membranes to ensure the desirable reliability and durability of a device because the properties of nanoscale films vary with thickness which is severely depending on changes in density, grain size, and crystallinity. In this paper, SiN x membranes were fabricated by low pressure chemical vapor deposition followed by reactive ion etching and KOH wet etching. The composition, surface roughness, thickness uniformity and residual stress of the deposited SiN x films were measured to confirm the reliability of the deposition process. Plane-strain modulus, failure stress and emissivity were evaluated by bulge test and heat load test. As a result, the failure stress of the membrane was enhanced by decreasing SiN x thickness while the plane-strain modulus was insensitive to the thickness variation. Through the UV laser heat-load test, it was found that the thermal durability of the thinner membrane deteriorated due to decreased emissivity. To investigate the emissivity depending on membrane thickness, a finite element method simulation was performed based on the experimental results. The calculated emissivity of each membrane coincided with the reported values within 8% difference.
Power optimization of XUV frequency combs for spectroscopy applications [Invited] (2011)

We address technical impediments to the generation of high-photon flux XUV frequency combs through cavity-enhanced high harmonic generation. These difficulties arise from mirror damage, cavity nonlinearity, the intracavity plasma generated during the HHG process, and imperfect phase-matching. By eliminating or minimizing each of these effects we have developed a system capable of generating > 200 μW and delivering ~20 μW of average power for each spectrally separated harmonic (wavelengths ranging from 50 nm - 120 nm), to actual comb-based spectroscopy experiments.
Index (2016)

You have accessDer gleichläufige DoppelschneckenextruderOct 2016IndexKlemens KohlgrüberKlemens Kohlgrüberhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446435971.bmSectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2016Pages: 807-818Print ISBN: 978-3-446-43361-8eISBN: 978-3-446-43597-1 Copyright & Permissions© 2016 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Formation of highly oxygenated organic molecules from aromaticcompounds (2016)

Abstract. Anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (AVOC) often dominate the urban atmosphere and consist to a large degree of aromatic hydrocarbons (ArHC), such as benzene, toluene, xylenes, and trimethylbenzenes, e.g. from handling and combustion of fuels. These compounds are important precursors for the formation of secondary organic aerosol. Despite their recognized importance as atmospheric reactants, the formation of highly oxygenated molecules (HOMs) in the gas phase leading to (extremely) low volatility compounds has not been studied in the past. Here we show that oxidation of aromatics with OH leads to a subsequent autoxidation chain reaction forming HOMs with an O : C ratio of up to 1.09. This is exemplified for five single-ring ArHC (benzene, toluene, o-/m-/p-xylene, mesitylene (1,3,5-trimethylbenzene) and ethylbenzene), as well as two conjugated polycyclic ArHC (naphthalene and biphenyl). We present the identified compounds, differences in the observed oxidation patterns and discuss mechanistic pathways. We hypothesize that AVOC may contribute substantially to new particle formation events that have been detected in urban areas.
915ATP efficacy on terminating ventricular tachycardia by device type, indication, and ventricular median cycle length (2020)

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Medtronic OnBehalf PainFree SST Background Anti-tachycardia Pacing (ATP) is an established therapy that terminates VT without the need for painful ICD shocks. Here we use the data from PainFree SST clinical trial to evaluate the ATP success rate by device type, indication and MCL. Methods Spontaneous episodes that were detected by ICD or CRT-D devices in the VT, fast VT and VF zones were included in the analysis. Episodes successfully terminated by ATP were deemed as having ATP success. Using the GEE method, ATP success rate and its 95% CI were calculated for device types, indications and ventricular MCL. Results Of the 2770 enrolled patients (79% male, average age 65 years), 1699 (61%) were implanted with an ICD and 1071 (39%) with a CRT-D system; 1917 (69%) were reported as primary prevention and 847 (31%) were secondary prevention patients. For all MVT episodes, the ATP success rate was similar between ICD and CRT-D devices (82.3% vs 80.3%, p = 0.74). Patients with secondary prevention had a higher ATP success rate compared to those with primary prevention but the difference was not statistically significant (84.4% vs 76.8%, p = 0.16). Regardless of device type and indication, ATP success rate was significantly higher in the slower VTs (MCL ≥ 320 ms) compared to the faster VTs (MCL ≥ 240 to &amp;lt; 320 ms) (89.2% vs 73.7%, p &amp;lt; 0.0001). Conclusion We found that ATP had a greater than 80% rate of success for terminating ventricular tachycardias overall. Slower VTs was significantly associated with a higher ATP success rate regardless of device type and indication compared to faster VTs. For faster VTs with a MCL ≥ 240 to &amp;lt; 320 ms, the ATP success rate was still successful at terminating VT more than 70% of the time. Table 1. ATP Success Rates - No. of Enrolled Subjects (% of total) No. of Episodes Analyzed for ATP Success (No. of Subjects) GEE-estimated ATP Success Rate (95% CI) P-value* Overall 2770 (100%) 2277 (376) 81.5% (78.4%, 84.2%) - Device Type - - - 0.7440 ICD 1699 (61.3%) 1484 (229) 82.3% (78.3%, 85.6%) - CRT-D 1071 (38.7%) 793 (147) 80.3% (75.0%, 84.6%) - Indication - - - 0.1609 Primary Prevention 1917 (69.2%) 631 (160) 76.8% (71.2%, 81.6%) - Secondary Prevention 847 (30.6%) 1615 (212) 84.4% (80.7%, 87.6%) - Median Cycle Length - - - &amp;lt;0.0001 (&amp;gt;/=) 240 ms and &amp;lt; 320 ms - 861 (257) 73.7% (69.2%, 77.7%) - (&amp;gt;/=) 320 ms - 1416 (209) 89.2% (85.7%, 91.9%) - * Per a GEE main effect model for all episodes where device type, indication and median cycle length were considered.
Updated Criteria for Fusion Level Selection in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Including Use of Three-Dimensional Analysis (2023)

The development of new technologies and an enhanced understanding of the three-dimensional deformity in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis has led to advances in surgical management of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Posterior spinal approaches with pedicle screw constructs are now standard of care because they allow for powerful rotation maneuvers with three-column deformity correction. Selective fusion of the main curve while allowing for spontaneous correction of compensatory curves should be attempted whenever possible in the interest of limiting fusion size and preserving spinal mobility. Recent research provides updated criteria to determine optimal candidates for selective fusion. These criteria must be weighed against patient goals and patient-specific factors to limit complications and maximize chances of successful deformity correction.
Long-Term Transplant Effects of iPSC-RPE Monolayer in Immunodeficient RCS Rats (2021)

Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) replacement therapy is evolving as a feasible approach to treat age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In many preclinical studies, RPE cells are transplanted as a cell suspension into immunosuppressed animal eyes and transplant effects have been monitored only short-term. We investigated the long-term effects of human Induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived RPE (iPSC-RPE) transplants in an immunodeficient Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rat model, in which RPE dysfunction led to photoreceptor degeneration. iPSC-RPE cultured as a polarized monolayer on a nanoengineered ultrathin parylene C scaffold was transplanted into the subretinal space of 28-day-old immunodeficient RCS rat pups and evaluated after 1, 4, and 11 months. Assessment at early time points showed good iPSC-RPE survival. The transplants remained as a monolayer, expressed RPE-specific markers, performed phagocytic function, and contributed to vision preservation. At 11-months post-implantation, RPE survival was observed in only 50% of the eyes that were concomitant with vision preservation. Loss of RPE monolayer characteristics at the 11-month time point was associated with peri-membrane fibrosis, immune reaction through the activation of macrophages (CD 68 expression), and the transition of cell fate (expression of mesenchymal markers). The overall study outcome supports the therapeutic potential of RPE grafts despite the loss of some transplant benefits during long-term observations.
Effects of fluorine dimer excimer laser radiation on the optical transmission and defect formation of various types of synthetic SiO2 glasses (1999)

Changes in the optical absorption and the formation of point defects in three types of synthetic SiO2 glasses, wet (OH content; 120 ppm), dry (OH content &amp;lt;1 ppm), and fluorine (F)-doped (∼1 mol %) SiO2 glasses, by irradiation with fluorine dimer (F2) excimer laser light pulses (∼8 mJ/cm2/pulse×3.6×105 pulses) were examined by various spectroscopic methods. Intense optical absorptions were induced in the wet and dry silicas in the range of 4–8 eV, whereas the intensity of absorptions induced in the F-doped silica was smaller by an order of magnitude than that in the F-free glasses. The optical transmission at the wavelength of 157 nm after the irradiation was F-doped silica≫wet silica&amp;gt;dry silica. The dominant electron spin resonance-active defect in the irradiated specimens was the nonbridging oxygen-hole center (NBOHC) for the wet silica, or the E′ center in the dry silica. The concentration of NBOHCs or E′ centers in the F-doped silica was lower by an order of magnitude than that in the wet or dry silica. The present results suggest the possibility of using F-doped silica glasses as photomask materials for F2 laser lithography.
Quantitation of Nonvolatile Components from the Photochemical Decomposition of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (1985)

The photochemical degradation of poly(ethyleneterephthalate) was studied using an analytical spectroscopic procedure to quantitate the water soluble non-volatile products. Irradiations of film samples were carried out in air, under ambient humidity using light in the range of wavelengths from 280 to 400 nm. Under these conditions only chain scissions occur leading to the formation of water extractable phthalate residues. The extent of photodegradation was measured as the amount of water extractable phthalate residues. This information was used to study the efficiency of an additive used to retard photodegradation of poly(ethyleneterephthalate).
Conformal and Ultra Shallow Junction Formation Achieved Using a Pulsed-Laser Annealing Process Integrated With a Modified Plasma Assisted Doping Method (2020)

Recently, a shallow and conformal doping profile is required for promising 3D structured devices. In this study, we deposited the dopant phosphorus (P) using modified plasma assisted doping (PaD) followed by an annealing process to electrically activate the dopants. A rapid thermal annealing process (RTP) was the first approach tested for activation but it resulted in a deep junction (>35 nm). To reduce the junction depth, we tried the flash lamp annealing process (FLP) to shorten the annealing time. We also predicted the annealing temperature by numerical thermal analysis, which reached 1,020 °C. However, the FLP resulted in a deep junction (~ 30 nm), which was not shallow enough to suppress short channel effects. Since an even shorter annealing process was required to form a ultra-shallow junction, we tried the laser annealing process (LAP) as a promising alternative. The LAP, which had a power density of 0.3 J/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , increased the surface temperature up to 1,100 °C with a shallow isothermal layer. Using the LAP, we achieved a USJ with an activated surface dopant concentration of 3.86×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">19</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> and a junction depth of 10 nm, which will allow further scaling-down of devices.
Hairpin Transfer-Independent Parvovirus DNA Replication Produces Infectious Virus (2021)

Parvoviruses package a linear single-stranded DNA genome with hairpin structures at both ends. It has been thought that terminal hairpin sequences are indispensable for viral DNA replication. Here, we provide evidence that the hairpin-deleted duplex genomes of human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) replicate in human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells. We propose an alternative model for HBoV1 DNA replication in which the leading strand can initiate strand displacement without hairpin transfer. The transfection of the HBoV1 duplex genomes that retain a minimal replication origin at the right end (<i>OriR</i>) but with extensive deletions in the right-end hairpin (REH) generated viruses in HEK293 cells at a level 10 to 20 times lower than that of the wild-type (WT) duplex genome. Importantly, these viruses that have a genome with various deletions after the <i>OriR</i> but not the one retaining only the <i>OriR</i> replicated in polarized human airway epithelia. We discovered that the 18-nucleotide (nt) sequence (nt 5403 to 5420) beyond the <i>OriR</i> was sufficient to confer virus replication in polarized human airway epithelia, although its progeny virus production was ∼5 times lower than that of the WT virus. Thus, our study demonstrates that hairpin transfer-independent productive parvovirus DNA replication can occur. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> Hairpin transfer-independent parvovirus replication was modeled with human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) duplex genomes whose 5' hairpin structure was ablated by various deletions. In HEK293 cells, these duplex viral genomes with ablated 5' hairpin sequence replicated efficiently and generated viruses that productively infected polarized human airway epithelium. Thus, for the first time, we reveal a previously unknown phenomenon that productive parvovirus DNA replication does not depend on the hairpin sequence at REH to initiate rolling-hairpin DNA replication. Notably, the intermediates of viral DNA replication, as revealed by two-dimensional electrophoresis, from transfections of hairpin sequence-deleted duplex genome and full-length genome in HEK293 cells as well as from virus infection of polarized human airway epithelia are similar. Thus, the establishment of the hairpin transfer-independent parvoviral DNA replication deepens our understanding of viral DNA replication and may have implications in the development of parvovirus-based viral vectors with alternative properties.
MICROWAVE-VACUUM DRYING OF CRANBERRIES: PART II. QUALITY EVALUATION (1996)

Color, texture and water activity of microwave-vacuum dried cranberries were evaluated and compared with the corresponding properties of hot-air dried and store-bought cranberries. The microwave drying was done both in the pulsed and continuous modes. The microwave-vacuum dried cranberries were redder and had a softer texture than those dried by the conventional hot-air method. The storage stability of the product dried by microwave-vacuum method was comparable to that of conventionally-dried cranberries. The microwave operating conditions have an effect on the quality of the dried cranberries.
Further results and properties of indirect adaptive model predictive control for linear systems with polytopic uncertainty (2016)

We extend a recently developed design for indirect adaptive model predictive control (IAMPC) and presents additional results on its stability properties. The IAMPC guarantees constraints satisfaction including during the learning transient, is input-to-state stable (ISS) with respect to the parameter estimation error, and has computational burden comparable to that of non-adaptive MPC. In this paper we extend the IAMPC to the case of uncertain input-to-state matrix, we provide a new method to design robust constraints, and we show additional stability results, in particular that asymptotic stability does not require the parameter estimation error to be zero, which also allow us to derive a tighter ISS Lyapunov function.
Scalable Synthesis for Porous Organic Cages (2011)

Abstract We describe an improved synthesis for a [4 + 6] imine-linked cage, which was shown recently to exhibit microporosity in the crystalline state and which can be converted by recrystallization to produce either porous or nonporous polymorphs. The original methodology for the synthesis of this molecule resulted in poor yields (approximately 35%). Here, we demonstrate that the cage can be prepared in almost 100% yields and can be isolated with high chemical purity.
Influence of Overcharge and Overdischarge on the Impedance Response of LiCoO2 Batteries (2011)

Abstract not Available.
Second-Generation Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty (2001)

This second-generation cementless, anatomically designed femoral component provided excellent clinical and radiographic results with a 100% survival rate at ten years. The circumferential porous coating of this implant improved ingrowth and prevented distal osteolysis at a mean of ten years after the arthroplasty.