gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A CMOS-MEMS rotary microactuator suitable for hard disk drive applications (2009)

This work presents an electrothermal rotary actuator fabricated using CMOS-MEMS technology. The device discussed herein shows a rotational stroke of more than 10deg and an electrothermal actuation cut-off frequency of 300 Hz. The device footprint is less than 1 mm times 1 mm and power consumption is less than 10 mW. The above performance and the device topology make it attractive for application in hard disk drive (HDD) head actuation applications. This paper details fabrication and characterization of this device and methods for extending its performance to levels needed for HDD applications.
Some remarks on the finite-difference time-domain modeling of rotating charges (2014)

The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) modeling of a charge executing uniform circular motion is presented. It is demonstrated that the successful realization of this task requires initializing the FDTD time-stepping with the static electric field that the charge creates, which is computed by solving the associated Poisson problem. Next, the motion of the charge is described using the charge conservation Current Density Decomposition scheme which effectively describes the time varying charge distribution via equivalent currents. The numerically predicted electric field created by the charge motion is compared against the analytically expected solution as provided by the Liénard-Wiechert potentials.
Inter and intra-specific diversity of parasites that cause lymphatic filariasis (2012)

Lymphatic filariasis is caused by three closely related nematode parasites: Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi and Brugia timori. These species have many ecological variants that differ in several aspects of their biology such as mosquito vector species, host range, periodicity, and morphology. Although the genome of B. malayi (the first genome sequenced from a parasitic nematode) has been available for more than five years, very little is known about genetic variability among the lymphatic dwelling filariae. The genetic diversity among these worms is not only interesting from a biological perspective, but it may have important practical implications for the Global Program to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis, as the parasites may respond differently to diagnostic tests and/or medical interventions. Therefore, better information on their genetic variability is urgently needed. With improved methods for nucleic acid extraction and recent advances in sequencing chemistry and instrumentation, this gap can be filled relatively inexpensively. Improved information on filarial genetic diversity may increase the chances of success for lymphatic filariasis elimination programs.
Miriamin, a defensive diterpene from the eggs of a land slug ( Arion sp.) (1999)

The eggs of the land slug Arion sp. contain a diterpene, miriamin, characterized as a polyoxygenated geranylgeraniol derivative. In bioassays with a coccinellid beetle, Harmonia axyridis, miriamin was shown to be potently antifeedant, indicating that the compound plays a protective role in nature. It is suggested that mucilaginous soil-inhabiting organisms, given their intense exposure to pathogens and predators, may be a rich source of chemical defensive agents.
[Fluorescence spectroscopic characteristics of dissolved organic matters (DOM) from Jingpo Lake water]. (2012)

Six samples (sample J1-J6) from Jingpo Lake in Heilongjiang province were analyzed by fluorescence and fluorescence excitation-emission matrix regional integration (FIR) to determine the different characteristics of dissolved organic matters (DOM). The results with the traditional method just analyzing the excitation, emission and synchronous fluorescence spectra indicated that DOM molecular condensation degree was highest at sample J4 and sample J5, however, the study with the three-dimensional-excitation emission matrix spectra (3EEMs) method showed that the content of protein-like material was higher in sample J6 than others. In the second method, 3EEMs was divided into five regions, among which Region I, Region II, and Region IV were related to protein-like material, Region II was related to fulvic acid-like material, Region V was related to humic acid-like organics, and then these regions were integrated named as A(I), A(II), A(III), A(IV) and A(V). The integration results showed that the volume of A(V) occupied the largest proportion of the DOM region integration from all samples, and it exhibited the most prominent both in sample J4 and sample J5, while it's opposite in sample J6. Integral ratio, which means humic acid-like region (A(III), A(V)) divided by protein-like region(A(I), A(II), A(IV)), showed that the value of J4(4. 94) was close to J5 (5.18), J1 (3.52) was close to J2 (3.66), and the minimum value appeared in J6 (2.11). From the above analysis, the DOM humification degree could be confirmed as follows: J4, J5 > J1, J2 > J3 > J6.
Exploiting glycan topography for computational design of Env glycoprotein antigenicity (2018)

Mounting evidence suggests that glycans, rather than merely serving as a “shield”, contribute critically to antigenicity of the HIV envelope (Env) glycoprotein, representing critical antigenic determinants for many broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs). While many studies have focused on defining the role of individual glycans or groups of proximal glycans in bNAb binding, little is known about the effects of changes in the overall glycan landscape in modulating antibody access and Env antigenicity. Here we developed a systems glycobiology approach to reverse engineer the complexity of HIV glycan heterogeneity to guide antigenicity-based de novo glycoprotein design. bNAb binding was assessed against a panel of 94 recombinant gp120 monomers exhibiting defined glycan site occupancies. Using a Bayesian machine learning algorithm, bNAb-specific glycan footprints were identified and used to design antigens that selectively alter bNAb antigenicity as a proof-of concept. Our approach provides a new design strategy to predictively modulate antigenicity via the alteration of glycan topography, thereby focusing the humoral immune response on sites of viral vulnerability for HIV.
The Protection of Front Surfaced Aluminium Mirrors with Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings for Use in the Infrared, (1981)

It has recently been shown that aluminium mirrors protected with a variety of thin passivation layers have severe reflectivity losses in the 8-12 micrometer spectral region when used at oblique incidence. This memorandum presents measurements and calculations illustrating this effect and derives the condition that the loss will occur if cos phi (n sub 1 sq + k sub 1 sq) to the minus 1/2 power) where phi is the angle of incidence. Its main purpose is to propose the use of an infrared transmitting diamond-like carbon coating for metallic reflectors in this 8-12 micrometer band. These coatings, in addition to being abrasion resistant and chemically durable, do not exhibit a reflectivity loss at angles of incidence of practical importance.
The role of apolipoprotein- and vitronectin-enriched protein corona on lipid nanoparticles forin vivotargeted delivery and transfection of oligonucleotides in murine tumor models (2019)

The application of lipid-based nanoparticle (LNP) delivery systems remains a popular strategy for the systemic delivery of gene therapies to specific disease targets, including solid tumors. It is now well acknowledged that upon systemic administration, biomolecules from blood will adsorb onto nanoparticles' surfaces, forming a "protein corona", affording nanoparticles a "biological identity" on top of their "synthetic identity". Detailed analysis of nanoparticle protein corona is gradually revealing the "missing link" between nanoparticle chemical properties and the biological identity. Nevertheless, the discovery of nanoparticle protein corona's impact on tumor delivery is limited. In this study, we demonstrate that protein corona can be manipulated by formulation composition and particle surface charge changes, and a single lipid switch could switch the nanoparticle protein corona profile. The protein corona composition differences had a profound impact on cell transfection, in vivo biodistribution as well as tumor-specific delivery efficiency. Nanoparticles with apolipoprotein-rich corona showed better delivery to hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) as compared to those with vitronectin-rich corona. In addition, we found that, the PEG conjugated lipid chain length and PEG amount in LNPs were key factors to consider in successful RNA interference therapy for solid tumors.
A compiler-assisted data prefetch controller (2003)

Data prefetching has been proposed as a means of hiding the memory access latencies of data referencing patterns that defeat caching strategies. Prefetching techniques that either use special cache logic to issue prefetches or that rely on the processor to issue prefetch requests typically involve some compromise between accuracy and instruction overhead. A data prefetch controller (DPC) is proposed that combines low instruction overhead with the flexibility and accuracy of a compiler-directed prefetch mechanism. At run-time, the processor and prefetch controller each execute separate, but cooperating instruction streams. Simulations in which both programs are generated from a single application source file using a commercial compiler show that the prefetch controller can significantly improve the cache utilization and execution time of several SPECfp95 benchmarks. Performance comparisons also indicate that the DPC outperforms software prefetching techniques and prefetching via a hardware reference prediction table.
Ultra Long Compact Polymer-Based Waveguide Circuit for Multi-link Optical True-Time-Delay Lines Using WDM Technique. Phase 1 (1999)

Abstract : The optical true-time-delay line is a crucial building block for future photonic phased array antennas. In this research program, we have developed an integrated optical true-time-delay module based on ultra low-loss polymeric waveguides that have many advantages over existing approaches. The photolithography defined polymeric waveguides enable us to fabricate a 10-meter long optical channel waveguide circuit with sub-micron accuracy in a five-inch silicon wafer, providing optical true-time-delays over tens of nanoseconds with sub-picosecond time resolution. The unique detector-switched operation achieves a nanosecond switching time over 60 GHz bandwidth. Optical heterodyne technique is developed to generate optical RF signal in the range from 0-60 GHz. The demonstrated optical waveguide true-time-delay module employs wavelength-division-multiplexing technique for multi-beam operation. The monolithic integration of the polymeric channel waveguides, waveguide grating couplers, and high-speed photodetectors drastically reduces the system payload and the packaging complexity while improving the system reliability. Through the Phase I research, we have successfully demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed concept by realizing an integrated optical true-time-delay module based on ultra low-loss polymeric waveguide circuits.
Probing27Al–13C proximities in metal–organic frameworks using dynamic nuclear polarization enhanced NMR spectroscopy (2013)

We show how (27)Al-(13)C proximities in the microporous metal-organic framework MIL-100(Al) can be probed using advanced (27)Al-(13)C NMR methods boosted by Dynamic Nuclear Polarization.
Photonic ATM front-end processor (1998)

Abstract : In this work, we have built 3 control circuit boards running at 2.5 Gb/s. These include a cell delineation circuit board, a VCI over writing circuit board, and a cell synchronizer control circuit board, and a cell synchronizer control circuit board. We also design and fabricate a 1x2 semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) broadband space switch. Multiwavelength signal switching using the fabricated switches is demonstrated. We also build the VCI overwriting and cell synchronization optical systems using both LiNbO3 switches and the fabricated switches. We have completed the interfaces of the optical systems with the control circuit boards and finally demonstrated the proposed photonic ATM front end processor at 2.5 Gb/s.
Supplementary Figure S10 from Adiponectin Receptor Signaling on Dendritic Cells Blunts Antitumor Immunity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Impaired ability of DCs derived from stage III and IV patients to mount antigenic response and inverse co-relation of serum APN with disease progression.&lt;/p&gt;
Secure biometric image sensor and authentication scheme based on compressed sensing (2013)

It is important to ensure the security of biometric authentication information, because its leakage causes serious risks, such as replay attacks using the stolen biometric data, and also because it is almost impossible to replace raw biometric information. In this paper, we propose a secure biometric authentication scheme that protects such information by employing an optical data ciphering technique based on compressed sensing. The proposed scheme is based on two-factor authentication, the biometric information being supplemented by secret information that is used as a random seed for a cipher key. In this scheme, a biometric image is optically encrypted at the time of image capture, and a pair of restored biometric images for enrollment and verification are verified in the authentication server. If any of the biometric information is exposed to risk, it can be reenrolled by changing the secret information. Through numerical experiments, we confirm that finger vein images can be restored from the compressed sensing measurement data. We also present results that verify the accuracy of the scheme.
Opportunities and potential of model predictive control for low-thrust spacecraft station-keeping and momentum-management (2015)

While electric propulsion generates fuel-efficient thrust for spacecraft control, it can only produce low levels of thrust, necessitating continuous actuation to impart an equivalent impulse to that of chemical thrusters. Thus, many of the standard open-loop propulsion scheduling techniques, developed for impulsive thrust, do not transfer to low-thrust architectures. Continuous actuation, together with tighter anticipated requirements for spacecraft station keeping, e.g., in geostationary Earth orbit (GEO), provides great opportunity for the application of feedback control. We demonstrate that model predictive control (MPC) can provide significant advantages as a control strategy for station keeping of low-thrust spacecraft, provided that its features, such as the capability to enforce output constraints, and the use of a prediction model for the plant and disturbances, are fully exploited. We develop a basic MPC design for station keeping in GEO, and compare its performance with an advanced MPC design that includes output constraints and disturbance prediction. We show that the basic MPC achieves precise regulation, albeit with unsustainable fuel consumption, whereas the advanced MPC satisfies the target mission requirements with fuel consumption in line with that of carefully designed open-loop strategies.
Two-particle Bose–Einstein correlations in $${ pp }$$ collisions at $$\mathbf {\sqrt{s} = 13}$$ TeV measured with the ATLAS detector at the LHC (2022)

Abstract This paper presents studies of Bose–Einstein correlations (BEC) in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, using data from the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Data were collected in a special low-luminosity configuration with a minimum-bias trigger and a high-multiplicity track trigger, accumulating integrated luminosities of 151 $$\upmu $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> </mml:math> b $$^{-1}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow/> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> and 8.4 nb $$^{-1}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow/> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> , respectively. The BEC are measured for pairs of like-sign charged particles, each with $$|\eta | &lt; 2.5$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>|</mml:mo> <mml:mi>η</mml:mi> <mml:mo>|</mml:mo> <mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2.5</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , for two kinematic ranges: the first with particle $$p_{\mathrm {T}} &gt; 100$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>100</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> MeV and the second with particle $$p_{\mathrm {T}} &gt; 500$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>500</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> MeV. The BEC parameters, characterizing the source radius and particle correlation strength, are investigated as functions of charged-particle multiplicity (up to 300) and average transverse momentum of the pair (up to 1.5 GeV). The double-differential dependence on charged-particle multiplicity and average transverse momentum of the pair is also studied. The BEC radius is found to be independent of the charged-particle multiplicity for high charged-particle multiplicity (above 100), confirming a previous observation at lower energy. This saturation occurs independent of the transverse momentum of the pair.
Design and Investigation of a [18F]-Labeled Benzamide Derivative as a High Affinity Dual Sigma Receptor Subtype Radioligand for Prostate Tumor Imaging (2017)

High overexpression of sigma (σ) receptors (σ<sub>1</sub> and σ<sub>2</sub> subtypes) in a variety of human solid tumors has prompted the development of σ receptor-targeting radioligands, as imaging agents for tumor detection. A majority of these radioligands to date target the σ<sub>2</sub> receptor, a potential marker of tumor proliferative status. The identification of approximately equal proportions of both σ receptor subtypes in prostate tumors suggests that a high affinity, dual σ receptor-targeting radioligand could potentially provide enhanced tumor targeting efficacy in prostate cancer. To accomplish this goal, we designed a series of ligands which bind to both σ receptor subtypes with high affinity. Ligand 3a in this series, displaying optimal dual σ receptor subtype affinity (σ<sub>1</sub>, 6.3 nM; σ<sub>2</sub>, 10.2 nM) was radiolabeled with fluorine-18 (<sup>18</sup>F) to give [<sup>18</sup>F]3a and evaluated as a σ receptor-targeting radioligand in the mouse PC-3 prostate tumor model. Cellular assays with PC-3 cells demonstrated that a major proportion of [<sup>18</sup>F]3a was localized to cell surface σ receptors, while ∼10% of [<sup>18</sup>F]3a was internalized within cells after incubation for 3.5 h. Serial PET imaging in mice bearing PC-3 tumors revealed that uptake of [<sup>18</sup>F]3a was 1.6 ± 0.8, 4.4 ± 0.3, and 3.6 ± 0.6% ID/g (% injection dose per gram) in σ receptor-positive prostate tumors at 15 min, 1.5 h, and 3.5 h postinjection, respectively (n = 3) resulting in clear tumor visualization. Blocking studies conducted with haloperidol (a nonselective inhibitor for both σ receptor subtypes) confirmed that the uptake of [<sup>18</sup>F]3a was σ receptor-mediated. Histology analysis confirmed similar expression of σ<sub>1</sub> and σ<sub>2</sub> in PC-3 tumors which was significantly greater than its expression in normal organs/tissues such as liver, kidney, and muscle. Metabolite studies revealed that >50% of radioactivity in PC-3 tumors at 30 min postinjection represented intact [<sup>18</sup>F]3a. Prominent σ receptor-specific uptake of [<sup>18</sup>F]3a in prostate tumors and its subsequent clear visualization with PET imaging indicate potential utility for the diagnosis of prostate carcinoma.
Reconstruction of spatial qutrit states based on realistic measurement operators (2009)

Spatial qudit states can be realized by using multislits to discretize the transverse momentum of a photon. The merit of this kind of spatial qudit states is that the implementation of higher-dimensional qudits is relatively easy. As we have recently shown, the quantum states of these spatial qudits can be analyzed by scanning a single interference pattern. This method of single scan tomography can also be applied at higher dimensions, but the reconstruction becomes more sensitive to smaller details of the scanned patterns as the dimensions increase. In this paper, we investigate the effect of finite measurement resolution on the single scan tomography of spatial qutrits. Realistic measurement operators describing the spatial resolution of the measurement are introduced and the corresponding pattern functions for quantum state reconstruction are derived. We use the pattern functions to analyze experimental results for entangled pairs of spatial qutrits generated by spontaneous parametric downconversion. It is shown that a reliable reconstruction of the quantum state can be achieved with finite measurement resolution if this limitation of the measurement is included in the pattern functions of single scan tomography.
Mass and position determination in MEMS mass sensors: a theoretical and an experimental investigation (2016)

We present a method to determine accurately the position and mass of an entity attached to the surface of an electrostatically actuated clamped-clamped microbeam implemented as a mass sensor. In the theoretical investigation, the microbeam is modeled as a nonlinear Euler-Bernoulli beam and a perturbation technique is used to develop a closed-form expression for the frequency shift due to an added mass at a specific location on the microbeam surface. The experimental investigation was conducted on a microbeam made of Polyimide with a special lower electrode to excite both of the first and second modes of vibration. Using an ink-jet printer, we deposited droplets of polymers with a defined mass and position on the surface of the microbeam and we measured the shifts in its resonance frequencies. The theoretical predictions of the mass and position of the deposited droplets match well with the experimental measurements.
Laminage de tubes ODS (2011)

Ce travail porte sur la mise en uvre de procédé de fabrication de tubes pour des nuances ODS par laminage à pas de pèlerin. Une première partie traitera de la détermination des lois de comportement et des paramètres adaptés pour étudier les nuances ODS dans les sollicitations liées au laminage. Ensuite on montrera la modélisation éléments finis d'une machine de laboratoire de type HPTR avant d'étendre les méthodologies de simulation au dispositif industriel qui est un laminoir VMR.