gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multicomponent meningococcal serogroup B vaccination elicits cross-reactive immunity in infants against genetically diverse serogroup C, W and Y invasive disease isolates (2020)

This is the first study in which 147 non-MenB serogroup isolates have been analysed in hSBA to evaluate the potential of a MenB vaccine to cover strains belonging to other serogroups. These data demonstrate that antibodies raised by 4CMenB are able to induce bactericidal killing of 109 non-MenB isolates, representative of non-MenB genetic and geographic diversity. These findings support previous evidence that 4CMenB immunisation can provide cross-protection against non-MenB strains in infants, which represents an added benefit of 4CMenB vaccination.
ChemInform Abstract: Chimeric Microtubule Disruptors. (2010)

Abstract Integrating pharmacophore elements from 2 series of methoxyestradiol and colchicine, a new class of microtubule disruptors (I) and (II) is formed.
Coherence Diversity DoF in MIMO Relays: Generalization, Transmission Schemes, and Multi-Relay Strategies (2021)

This paper studies the MIMO relay with nonidentical link coherence times, a condition known as coherence diversity. This happens in practice when a node or the scatterers surrounding it have different mobility compared with the conditions at or around other nodes. In this paper, coherence diversity in relays is studied under link coherence intervals with arbitrary (unequal) length and alignment. Second, a new transmission scheme under coherence diversity is proposed in which the relay transmission is given a duty cycle based on the balance between the gain versus the channel training costs in the relay-destination link. Finally, we investigate multiple parallel relays operating under non-identical coherence intervals, propose transmission strategies, and calculate degrees of freedom.
Emerging regenerative medicine and tissue engineering strategies for Parkinson’s disease (2020)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common progressive neurodegenerative disease, affecting 1-2% of people over 65. The classic motor symptoms of PD result from selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), resulting in a loss of their long axonal projections to the striatum. Current treatment strategies such as dopamine replacement and deep brain stimulation (DBS) can only minimize the symptoms of nigrostriatal degeneration, not directly replace the lost pathway. Regenerative medicine-based solutions are being aggressively pursued with the goal of restoring dopamine levels in the striatum, with several emerging techniques attempting to reconstruct the entire nigrostriatal pathway-a key goal to recreate feedback pathways to ensure proper dopamine regulation. Although many pharmacological, genetic, and optogenetic treatments are being developed, this article focuses on the evolution of transplant therapies for the treatment of PD, including fetal grafts, cell-based implants, and more recent tissue-engineered constructs. Attention is given to cell/tissue sources, efficacy to date, and future challenges that must be overcome to enable robust translation into clinical use. Emerging regenerative medicine therapies are being developed using neurons derived from autologous stem cells, enabling the construction of patient-specific constructs tailored to their particular extent of degeneration. In the upcoming era of restorative neurosurgery, such constructs may directly replace SNpc neurons, restore axon-based dopaminergic inputs to the striatum, and ameliorate motor deficits. These solutions may provide a transformative and scalable solution to permanently replace lost neuroanatomy and improve the lives of millions of people afflicted by PD.
Automated generation of graphic sketches by example (2003)

Hand-crafting effective visual presentations is time-consuming and requires design skills. Here we present a case-based graphic sketch generation algorithm, which uses a database of existing graphic examples (cases) to automatically create a sketch of a presentation for a new user request. As the first case-based learning approach to graphics generation, our work offers three unique contributions. First, we augment a similarity metric with a set of adequacy evaluation criteria to retrieve a case that is most similar to the request and is also usable in sketch synthesis. To facilitate the retrieval of case fragments, we develop a systematic approach to case/request decomposition when a usable case cannot be found. Second, we improve case retrieval speed by organizing cases into hierarchical clusters based on their similarity distances and by using dynamically selected cluster representatives. Third, we develop a general case composition method to synthesize a new sketch from multiple retrieved cases. Furthermore, we have implemented our casebased sketch generation algorithm in a user-system cooperative graphics design system called IMPROVISE, which helps users to generate creative and tailored presentations.
In Situ Gas Analysis of Li4Ti5O12Based Electrodes at Elevated Temperatures (2015)

In Li-ion batteries, Li&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;Ti&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;12&lt;/sub&gt; (LTO) has merits of an excellent cycling stability combined with a safe working potential of 1.55 V vs. Li&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;/Li at which no adverse side-reactions with the electrolyte are expected. Concerns regarding gassing of LTO, especially at elevated temperatures, have however recently been reported. In this work, LTO gassing behavior at 50°C is investigated by in situ pressure and online electrochemical mass spectrometry (OEMS), allowing for both qualitative and quantitative analysis of evolving gases. H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, C&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;, and CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are the dominantly evolving gases for ethylene carbonate (EC) based electrolytes. H2 is mainly produced during the first charge step, while C&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; is observed at lower potentials resulting from the reduction of EC. CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; evolution mechanism is complex and is promoted at more anodic potentials. Passivating the LTO surface, e.g. by a proper coating, and/or exchanging the LiPF&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt; salt, may effectively reduce gas evolution, thus clearing the way for future use of LTO in energy storage applications at elevated temperatures.
The Bandwidth Exchange Architecture (2005)

New applications for the Internet such as video on demand, grid computing etc. depend on the availability of high bandwidth connections with acceptable Quality of Service (QoS). There appears to be, therefore, a requirement for a market where bandwidth-related transactions can take place. For this market to be effective, it must be efficient for both the provider (seller) and the user (buyer) of the bandwidth. This implies that: (a) the buyer must have a wide choice of providers that operate in a competitive environment, (b) the seller must be assured that a QoS transaction will be paid by the customer, and (c) the QoS transaction establishment must have low overheads so that it may be used by individual customers without a significant burden to the provider. In order to satisfy these requirements, we propose a framework that allows customers to purchase bandwidth using an open market where providers advertise links and capacities and customers bid for these services. The model is close to that of a commodities market that offers both advance bookings (futures) and a spot market. We explore the mechanisms that can support such a model.
Synthesis of the Oxygenated Bicyclo[9.3.1]pentadecane Ring System of Phomactin A using Chromium (II)-mediated Macrocyclisation and Ring Closure Metathesis (2001)

Treatment of the aldehyde vinyl iodides 17, 19 a and 19 b in DMSO with CrCl2-NiCl2 resulted in their macrocyclisation to the oxygenated ring systems 18, 20, and 21 respectively (43-63%) of the PAF antagonist phomactin A isolated from the marine fungus Phoma sp. The same bicyclo[9.3.1]pentadecane ring system 24 could also be produced by treatment of the polyene 23 with Grubbs' ruthenium catalyst in hot CH2Cl2 for 10 h (∼ 30%).
The Functional Cost of Dislocation Following Total Hip Arthroplasty (1982)

The consequences of dislocation following total hip arthroplasty were assessed using quantitative gait analysis. As a preliminary study, a review of 18 patients having undergone hip arthroplasty without dislocation provided as understanding of the improvement in gait in the first two years after surgery. Seven patients with a single dislocation and six patients with multiple dislocations were compared with patients matched according to age and preoperative gait characteristics and who experienced an uncomplicated recovery following hip arthroplasty. One year after surgery patients with a single dislocation could not be differentiated from the matched patients with respect to gait velocity and single limb support time. However, patients, with multiple dislocations walked significantly slower and had a significantly decreased single limb support time in the involved extremity than their respective matched patients.
Current and future therapies for haemophilia—Beyond factor replacement therapies (2022)

Some non-factor products that work by facilitating the coagulation pathway (emicizumab) and blocking the anticoagulant pathway (fitusiran, concizumab and marstacimab) for patients with haemophilia (H) have been developed, and clinical trials using these products are currently ongoing. Prophylaxis using non-factor products by subcutaneous administration provides marked reductions of bleeding episodes in patients with HA or HB, regardless of the presence of inhibitor. Emicizumab has already been approved globally. Emicizumab alters the phenotype of patients with HA from severe to mild by maintaining trough levels of equivalent factor VIII activity (15-20 iu/dl). Phase 3 clinical trials and long-term observations assessing emicizumab revealed tolerable safety and efficacy. However, thrombotic events have occurred in patients receiving these non-factor products. Furthermore, monitoring of the haemostatic function of these products with concomitant therapy is also required in clinical practice. These products have promising haemostatic efficiency, but wider clinical experience is needed to provide optimal therapeutic strategies in the future.
An Intermittent Live Cell Imaging Screen for siRNA Enhancers and Suppressors of a Kinesin-5 Inhibitor (2009)

Kinesin-5 (also known as Eg5, KSP and Kif11) is required for assembly of a bipolar mitotic spindle. Small molecule inhibitors of Kinesin-5, developed as potential anti-cancer drugs, arrest cell in mitosis and promote apoptosis of cancer cells. We performed a genome-wide siRNA screen for enhancers and suppressors of a Kinesin-5 inhibitor in human cells to elucidate cellular responses, and thus identify factors that might predict drug sensitivity in cancers. Because the drug's actions play out over several days, we developed an intermittent imaging screen. Live HeLa cells expressing GFP-tagged histone H2B were imaged at 0, 24 and 48 hours after drug addition, and images were analyzed using open-source software that incorporates machine learning. This screen effectively identified siRNAs that caused increased mitotic arrest at low drug concentrations (enhancers), and vice versa (suppressors), and we report siRNAs that caused both effects. We then classified the effect of siRNAs for 15 genes where 3 or 4 out of 4 siRNA oligos tested were suppressors as assessed by time lapse imaging, and by testing for suppression of mitotic arrest in taxol and nocodazole. This identified 4 phenotypic classes of drug suppressors, which included known and novel genes. Our methodology should be applicable to other screens, and the suppressor and enhancer genes we identified may open new lines of research into mitosis and checkpoint biology.
Phase Behavior of Diblock Copolymer–Homopolymer Ternary Blends: Congruent First-Order Lamellar–Disorder Transition (2016)

We have established the existence of a line of congruent first-order lamellar-to-disorder (LAM–DIS) transitions when appropriate amounts of poly(cyclohexylethylene) (C) and poly(ethylene) (E) homopolymers are mixed with a corresponding compositionally symmetric CE diblock copolymer. The line of congruent transitions, or the congruent isopleth, terminates at the bicontinuous microemulsion (BμE) channel, and its trajectory appears to be influenced by the critical composition of the C/E binary homopolymer blend. Blends satisfying congruency undergo a direct LAM–DIS transition without passing through a two-phase region. We present complementary optical transmission, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic mechanical spectroscopy (DMS) results that establish the phase behavior at constant copolymer volume fraction and varying C/E homopolymer volume ratios. Adjacent to the congruent composition at constant copolymer volume fraction, the lamellar and disordered phases are separated by two-phase coexistence windows, which converge, along with the line of congruent transitions, at an overall composition in the phase prism coincident with the BμE channel. Hexagonal and cubic (double gyroid) phases occur at higher diblock copolymer concentrations for asymmetric amounts of C and E homopolymers. These results establish a quantitative method for identifying the detailed phase behavior of ternary diblock copolymer–homopolymer blends, especially in the vicinity of the BμE.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Thiol‐Reactive Amphiphilic Lipids Based on Cholesterol for Protein‐Liposome Coupling. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Towards Lipophilic Derivatives of S‐Adenosyl‐L‐methionine. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Electrical Engineering for Non-Electrical Engineers (2021)

Engineers and non-engineers often eschew electrical engineering because it is premised on concepts and mathematical techniques that are somewhat more abstract and elusive than those employed in disciplines like civil, mechanical, and industrial engineering. Yet, because of the ubiquitous nature of electrical and electronic equipment and devices, and the indispensable role electricity plays in various facets of lives, a basic understanding of electrical engineering is essential. Engineers and non-engineers find themselves interfacing with electrical apparatus and dealing with matters that permeate into the electrical realm. Therein lies the purpose and objective of this book. This edition includes numerous updated pictures, diagrams, tables, charts, graphs, and improved explanation of certain concepts.
Multiple Timescales and Modeling of Dynamic Bounce Phenomena in RF MEMS Switches (2013)

Electrostatically operated RF-MEMS switches are known to suffer from discrete switch bounce events during switch closure that increase wear and tear and lead to increased switching times. Here, we use laser Doppler vibrometer to analyze the switch response of three types of cantilevered dc-contact switches at a 200 ns time resolution. We find that bounce events are multiple time scale events with distinct motion occurring at 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> and 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> s timescales in effect high frequency bounces within a bounce. To understand the origin of this effect, we develop a multiple eigenmode model of a cantilever switch with electrostatics, repulsive and adhesive contact forces, and rarefied gas damping and find that the high frequency bounce arises from the transient excitation of the 2nd eigenmode of the cantilever structure of the RF-MEMS switch. This phenomenon not only describes the multiple time scales involved in bounce events, but also shows that the transient excitation of the second mode leads to complex drum roll like dynamics, leading to a series of closely spaced impacts in each actuation cycle. A careful study of the dependence of the phenomenon on contact stiffness and adhesion shows how the landing pad stiffness, adhesion, and actuation voltage in dc contact switches can increase or diminish repeated impacts during actuation.
Abstract 4580: A novel role for Junctional Adhesion Molecule-A (JAM-A) in tumor proliferation: modulation by a humanized anti-JAM-A monoclonal antibody (2011)

Abstract Biotherapeutic drugs in oncology are generating a great enthusiasm, and tremendous amount of effort is made to identify new targets for the development of new therapeutics. Functional approaches using tumor cells as immunogens have been performed in order to select on the basis of their function, molecules that, targeted by monoclonal antibodies (Mabs), would induce inhibition of cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. Using this type of approaches coupled to a target identification plateform, we had identified an antibody, named 6F4 that was inhibiting in vitro and in vivo tumor growth. A proteomic analysis using 6F4-tagged beads coupled to a MS analysis indicated that 6F4 Mab specifically recognized the human junctional adhesion molecule A (JAM-A). These results indicate that the 6F4 anti-JAM-A Mab is able to induce tumor growth inhibition. Mouse 6F4 Mab was humanized by conventional CDR-grafting methods. Immunogenetic analysis was performed based on IMGT databases and bioinformatic tools. The human frameworks (FRs) used as the acceptors for CDR grafting were chosen using the “best-fit” selection procedure. Engineered variants were designed and genes were chemically synthetized, produced as human IgG4/kappa antibodies and evaluated by ELISA and competition with biotinylated mouse 6F4 Mab. One humanized antibody (IgG4 isotype) was selected, it efficiently and potently bound to JAM-A ECD and inhibited binding of mouse 6F4. Its germinality index is &amp;gt; 95 % (CDRs excluded). Humanized 6F4 was further tested in vitro and in vivo models and showed ability to induce tumor regression in animal models in particular in A431 and DU145 tumor models. These results confirm that JAM-A is a potential novel target in Oncology and demonstrate that a functional approach coupled to proteomic analysis can be successfull to identify new antibody target molecules that lead to promising new antibody-based therapies against cancers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4580. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4580
B220+ Double-Negative T Cells Suppress Polyclonal T Cell Activation by a Fas-Independent Mechanism That Involves Inhibition of IL-2 Production (2003)

Fas-mediated apoptosis is a key mechanism for elimination of autoreactive T cells, yet loss of function mutations in the Fas signaling pathway does not result in overt T cell-mediated autoimmunity. Furthermore, mice and humans with homozygous Fas(lpr) or Fas ligand(gld) mutations develop significant numbers of B220+ CD4- CD8- double-negative (DN) alphabeta T cells (hereafter referred to as B220+ DN T cells) of poorly understood function. In this study, we show that B220+ DN T cells, whether generated in vitro or isolated from mutant mice, can suppress the ability of activated T cells to proliferate or produce IL-2, IL-10, and IFN-gamma. B220+ DN T cells that were isolated from either lpr or gld mice were able to suppress proliferation of autologous and syngeneic CD4 T cells, showing that suppression is Fas independent. Furthermore, restoration of Fas/Fas ligand interaction did not enhance suppression. The mechanism of suppression involves inhibition of IL-2 production and its high affinity IL-2R alpha-chain (CD25). Suppression also requires cell/cell contact and TCR activation of B220+ DN T cells, but not soluble cytokines. These findings suggest that B220+ DN T cells may be involved in controlling autoreactive T cells in the absence of Fas-mediated peripheral tolerance.
No difference in patellar tracking between symmetrical and asymmetrical femoral component designs in TKA (2013)

The hypothesis was not supported: The more anatomical component design did not provide more anatomical patellar kinematics and stability.
Comparison of High Temperature Operation of Silicon Carbide MOSFETs and Bipolar Junction Transistors (2010)

Power devices based on Silicon Carbide (SiC) have unmatched potential for extending the operational temperature range of power electronics well past what is possible with silicon devices. SiC JBS diodes are already demonstrating part of that potential but the full benefit will not be realized until a SiC power switch is available. Recently, normally off SiC unipolar and bipolar switching devices have become available with the manufacture of 1200V, 20A MOSFETs and 1200V, 20A bipolar junction transistors (BJT). While both of these device types have undergone considerable study, most of this characterization has been conducted in the normal commercial temperature range which has an upper limit of 150 – 175°C. The SiC BJT is considered to be a superior device for high temperature operation due to its lower on-state voltage and increased reliability due to it not having a gate oxide. As presented, the advantages of the SiC BJT over the SiC MOSFET are not as great as expected and may not warrant the increased complexity of dealing with the current driven base that the BJT requires. Otherwise, both devices offer exceptional performance at high temperature.
T-cell responses following Natural Influenza Infection or Vaccination in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients (2020)

Little is known about cell-mediated immune responses to natural influenza infection in solid organ transplant (SOT) patients. The aim of our study was to evaluate the CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> responses to influenza A and B infection in a cohort of SOT patients. We collected peripheral blood mononuclear cells at influenza diagnosis and four weeks later from 31 SOT patients during the 2017-2018 influenza season. Infection-elicited influenza-specific CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell responses were measured using flow cytometry and intracellular cytokine staining and compared to responses following influenza vaccine in SOT patients. Natural infection was associated with a significant increase in CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cell responses. For example, polyfunctional cells increased from 21 to 782 and from 193 to 1436 cells per 10<sup>6</sup> CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cells among influenza A/H3N2 and B-infected patients (p = 0.006 and 0.004 respectively). Moreover, infection-elicited CD4<sup>+</sup> responses were superior than vaccine-elicited responses for influenza A/H1N1 (931 vs 1; p = 0.026), A/H3N2 (647 vs 1; p = 0.041) and B (619 vs 1; p = 0.004). Natural influenza infection triggers a significant increase in CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cell responses in SOT patients. Infection elicits significantly stronger CD4<sup>+</sup> responses compared to the influenza vaccine and thereby likely elicits better protection against reinfection.