gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Primary Repair of Intraoperative Disruption of the Medial Collateral Ligament During Total Knee Arthroplasty (2001)

Intraoperative disruption of the medial collateral ligament can be treated with primary repair or reattachment of the ligament to bone and postoperative bracing with good results; this avoids the potential disadvantages associated with the use of varus-valgus constrained implants.
A genetic analysis of integrin function: Glanzmann thrombasthenia in vitro (1997)

Glanzmann thrombasthenia, an inherited bleeding disorder, can be caused by a defect or deficiency in platelet integrin alphaIIb beta3 (GPIIb-IIIa). Studies of thrombasthenia variants have facilitated identification of sites involved in the functions of alphaIIb beta3 and other integrins. Such sites include those that bind ligand and those that participate in the "activation" of alphaIIb beta3 required for high affinity binding of ligands such as fibrinogen or PAC1, a monoclonal antibody. Here we describe the isolation of such variants, created in vitro with Chinese hamster ovary cells that express an activated form of alphaIIb beta3. These cells were exposed to a mutagen, ethyl methane sulfonate, and variants that lost the capacity to bind PAC1 were isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. These variants were grouped into three phenotypic classes. One comprised integrin mutations that disrupt ligand binding function; a second comprised mutations that interfere with the capacity of cells to activate the integrin. Most of these activation-defective mutations were in the integrin cytoplasmic domain, but surprisingly, several were caused by mutations affecting three closely spaced residues in the beta3 extracellular domain. A third class of mutants exhibited a defect in integrin activation not ascribable to changes in the integrin sequence. Thus, these may represent mutated signaling molecules required for integrin activation. This unbiased genetic approach provides new insights into the structural basis of integrin function and may assist in identifying the cellular events that regulate integrin function.
Mannose distribution in glycoconjugated tetraphenylporphyrins governs their uptake mechanism and phototoxicity (2019)

Tetraphenylporphyrins (TPPs) have been proposed for the treatment of retinoblastoma by photodynamic therapy. Glycoconjugated compounds were synthesized for improving TPP solubility and amphipathy, and to specifically target mannose receptors overexpressed at the surface of cells. The efficiency of four TPP derivatives with different chemical structures was compared by phototoxicity tests and flow cytometry experiments. Interestingly, the absence/presence and distribution of saccharide moieties in the various compounds affected differently their mechanism of interaction with cancer cells and their phototoxic efficiency. For glycodendrimeric TPP-1 and TPP-2 incubated with retinoblastoma cells, a fast two-step uptake-equilibrium process was observed, whereas for a dendrimeric TPP without saccharide moieties (TPP-1c) and a glycoconjugated compound with no dendrimeric structure (TPP(DegMan)[Formula: see text] uptake was very slow. The difference in uptake profiles and kinetics between TPP-1c on the one hand and TPP-1 and TPP-2 on the other hand would account for the interaction of the two glycodendrimeric compounds with a mannose receptor. These TPPs encapsulated in endosomes would induce less damage to cells upon illumination. TPP(DegMan)[Formula: see text] showed the highest phototoxicity, but its efficiency was unaffected by pretreatment of cells by mannan. The penetration of this glycoconjugated compound in cells and its phototoxic effect appeared independent of its interaction with a mannose receptor. Thus, if glycoconjugation influenced TPPs behavior in solution and interaction with serum proteins, phototoxicity was not necessarily related to upfront molecular recognition.
High Pressure Synthesis of High-Purity Polycrystalline Diamonds by Direct Conversion from Various Carbon Materials and their Characterization (2006)

High-purity (binder-less) polycrystalline diamond can be referred to as an ideal super-hard material that has both high mechanical strength and excellent thermal stability. The authors succeeded in the synthesis of dense high-purity polycrystalline diamonds by direct conversion from graphite and non-graphitic carbons under static ultra-high pressure and high temperature. In this article, the synthetic method and some properties of the materials are reviewed. Differences in formation mechanism and properties among high-purity polycrystalline diamonds synthesized from various carbons are also described.
High Capacity Optical Communications using Orbital-Angular Momentum Beam Multiplexing (2016)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. E. Willner, "High Capacity Optical Communications using Orbital-Angular Momentum Beam Multiplexing," in 13th International Conference on Fiber Optics and Photonics, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2016), paper W1A.3. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
ChemInform Abstract: Confinement and Recognition of Icosahedral Main Group Cage Molecules: Fullerene C60 and o‐, m‐, p‐Dicarbadodecaborane(12) (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Semi-Dirac transport and localization in polaritonic graphene (2021)

Lattices of planar semiconductor micropillars have shown to be an ideal environment to study condensed-matter phenomena by the manipulation of exciton-polaritons, quasiparticles with light-matter behavior [1] . Two great assets of this platform are the ability of engineering lattices with at-will nearest-neighbors hoppings, and the possibility of directly measuring the wavefunctions and spectrum associated to the lattice hamiltonian in photolu-minescence experiments.
The Transcriptional Signatures of Cells from the Human Peyronie's Disease Plaque and the Ability of These Cells to Generate a Plaque in a Rat Model Suggest Potential Therapeutic Targets (2014)

This suggests a novel combination therapy to eliminate a PD plaque by targeting the identified genes to (i) improve collagenase action by stimulating endogenous metalloproteinases specific to key collagen types and (ii) counteract fibromatosis by inhibiting myofibroblast generation, proliferation, and/or apoptosis.
Analysis of retarding field energy analyzer transmission by simulation of ion trajectories (2018)

Retarding field energy analyzers (RFEAs) are used routinely for the measurement of ion energy distribution functions. By contrast, their ability to measure ion flux densities has been considered unreliable because of lack of knowledge about the effective transmission of the RFEA grids. In this work, we simulate the ion trajectories through a three-gridded RFEA using the simulation software SIMION. Using idealized test cases, it is shown that at high ion energy (i.e., >100 eV) the transmission is equal to the optical transmission rather than the product of the individual grid transparencies. Below 20 eV, ion trajectories are strongly influenced by the electric fields in between the grids. In this region, grid alignment and ion focusing effects contribute to fluctuations in transmission with ion energy. Subsequently the model has been used to simulate the transmission and energy resolution of an experimental RFEA probe. Grid misalignments reduce the transmission fluctuations at low energy. The model predicts the minimum energy resolution, which has been confirmed experimentally by irradiating the probe with a beam of ions with a small energy bandwidth.
Single donor doped and undoped accumulation mode metal insulator semiconductor device structures for quantum computing at SNL. (2007)

Abstract not provided.
Rechargeable lithium-ion cell state of charge and defect detection by in-situ inside-out magnetic resonance imaging (2018)

When and why does a rechargeable battery lose capacity or go bad? This is a question that is surprisingly difficult to answer; yet, it lies at the heart of progress in the fields of consumer electronics, electric vehicles, and electrical storage. The difficulty is related to the limited amount of information one can obtain from a cell without taking it apart and analyzing it destructively. Here, we demonstrate that the measurement of tiny induced magnetic field changes within a cell can be used to assess the level of lithium incorporation into the electrode materials, and diagnose certain cell flaws that could arise from assembly. The measurements are fast, can be performed on finished and unfinished cells, and most importantly, can be done nondestructively with cells that are compatible with commercial design requirements with conductive enclosures.
Moving Spins From Lab to Fab: A Silicon-Based Platform for Quantum Computing Device Technologies (2019)

We discuss the key features of a 300mm integrated Silicon MOS platform to serve as a basis for spin-qubit device exploration. The process yields structures with a pitch of 100nm and below, without bearing the complexity of advanced optical lithography, and retains high flexibility for fast device design adjustment.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mapping of Brain Function: Human Visual Cortex (1992)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of human brain activity are described. Task-induced changes in brain cognitive state were measured using high-speed MRI techniques sensitive to changes in cerebral blood volume (CBV), blood flow (CBF), and blood oxygenation. These techniques were used to generate the first functional MRI maps of human task activation, by using a visual stimulus paradigm. The methodology of MRI brain mapping and results from the investigation of the functional organization and frequency response of human primary visual cortex (V1) are presented.
Comparison of Decline Curve Analysis DCA with Recursive Neural Networks RNN for Production Forecast of Multiple Wells (2018)

Abstract Production forecast can significantly influence field development planning and economic evaluation. Traditional methods including numerical simulations and decline curve analysis models (DCA) requires extensive domain knowledge or lack of flexibility in modeling complex physics. However, data-driven techniques using recursive neural networks (RNN) have proven very efficient and accurate in time-series forecasting related applications. This study implemented and compared RNN with DCA in production forecast of single and multiple wells. A typical RNN based long short-term memory (LSTM) models were first developed with various input and output sequences. Then, well-known DCA models such as Duong, Stretched Exponential Decline (SEPD), Power Law Exponential Decline (PLE) were implemented as reference solutions. Moreover, data cleaning process involves preparation of history production rates and well constraints for existing wells. For multiple wells, similar input parameters were aggregated together for adjacent wells before declining forecast using the former model. Finally, hold-out training and validation were performed, followed by comparison of model accuracy and efficiency. Various LSTM based sequence-to-sequence models such as one-to-one, many-to-one, and many-to-many were successfully implemented for production forecast. Feature engineering was performed to generate additional features to facilitate training process. It was observed better agreement for the blind-forecasting validation dataset (i.e., last 20% of the given history) between LSTM model prediction and history production than DCA based models. LSTM models captured the overall trend whereas DCA only produced smooth curves. In addition, LSTM based models yielded good matches for all three-phase rates whereas DCA was usually limited to a certain phase. Moreover, for multiple wells, a group of neighboring wells with variable history lengths were used for training the model to forecast the production rates, where the modeling process is similar as character translation in natural language processing. Finally, it was demonstrated that the developed RNN based sequence-to-sequence models will be readily extended to model other time-series related problems such as condition-based maintenance and failure prediction. This study proposed a novel approach to model time-series related problems (e.g., production forecast) using the RNN based sequence-to-sequence models. The developed data-driven approach makes the process of history matching and forecasting efficiency and accurate for assets with or without decent operation history information. In addition, the algorithms and case studies herein were developed with open-source libraries, which could be readily incorporated into either in-house or commercial packages.
A 0.5-V MTCMOS/SIMOX logic gate (1997)

This paper proposes a multithreshold CMOS (MTCMOS) circuit that uses SIMOX process technology. This MTCMOS/SIMOX circuit combines fully depleted low-threshold CMOS logic gates and partially depleted high-threshold power-switch transistors. The low-threshold CMOS gates have a large noise margin for fluctuations in operating temperature in addition to high-speed operation at the low supply voltage of 0.5 V. The high-threshold power-switch transistor in which the body is connected to the gate through the reverse-diode makes it possible to obtain large channel conductance in the active mode without any increase of the leakage current in the sleep mode. The effectiveness of the MTCMOS/SIMOX circuit is confirmed by an evaluation of a gate-chain test element group (TEG) and an experimental 0.5-V, 40-MHz, 16-b ALU, which were designed and fabricated with 0.25-/spl mu/m MTCMOS/SIMOX technology.
Actively tunable narrowband thermal emission from coupled-mode metasurfaces (2021)

Thermal radiation is nominally broadband, incoherent, and isotropic, so controlling the spectral, temporal, and directional characteristics of thermal emission is an important frontier in imaging and chemical fingerprinting. The use of thermal metasurfaces, whose emission properties can be finely tailored, has recently become of great interest. Here we theoretically demonstrate the thermal emission of a metasurface arising from the coupled emission from a plasmonic mode in graphene nanoribbons and the guided mode resonance of a 1D photonic crystal. We also discuss the utility of a computationally cheap approach based on coupled-mode theory to model the device scattering characteristics.
Electroluminescence characteristics of GaN HEMT at off‐state (2008)

Abstract Two types of light emission characteristics at the off‐state breakdown of GaN HEMTs were observed and investigated. One of them showed a yellow band electroluminescence characteristic at room temperature, which might be attributed to the same origin of yellow luminescence (YL) defects. The electric field dependence of this YL‐like light emission was found to be more sensitive than the other type. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
One for All - All for One: Unifying Standard DPA Attacks. (2009)

Abstract. In this paper, we examine the relationship between and the efficiency of different approaches to standard (univariate) DPA attacks. We first show that, when feeded with the same assumptions about the target device (i.e. with the same leakage model), the most popular ap-proaches such as using a distance-of-means test, correlation analysis, and Bayes attacks are essentially equivalent in this setting. Differences ob-served in practice are not due to differences in the statistical tests but due to statistical artifacts. Then, we establish a link between the correla-tion coefficient and the conditional entropy in side-channel attacks. In a first-order attack scenario, this relationship allows linking currently used metrics to evaluate standard DPA attacks (such as the number of power traces needed to perform a key recovery) with an information theoretic metric (the mutual information). Our results show that in the practical scenario defined formally in this paper, both measures are equally suit-able to compare devices in respect to their susceptibility to DPA attacks. Together with observations regarding key and algorithm independence we consequently extend theoretical strategies for the sound evaluation of leaking devices towards the practice of side-channel attacks. 1
Bioreducible polymer-mediated delivery of oncolytic adenovirus can attenuate antiviral immune response and concurrently enhance the induction of antitumor immune response to effectively prevent metastasis (2022)

Oncolytic virotherapy is a highly promising and novel treatment modality for cancer. Several clinical trials with oncolytic viruses have illustrated that the potent antitumor efficacy of these viruses may rely on the efficient induction of antitumor immune response. In contrast, antiviral immune response is attributed to adverse side defects and diminishing therapeutic efficacy. In the present report, we generated a nanohybrid complex incorporating immune stimulatory oncolytic adenovirus (oAd) co-expressing decorin (DCN) and interleukin (IL)-12 with a bioreducible nanomaterial composed of PEI-Arg-mPEG-S-S-mPEG-Arg-PEI blocks (PAPS), ultimately aiming to modulate both antitumor and antiviral immune responses to be favorable toward oncolytic virotherapy. The transduction efficacy of the PAPS-incorporated nanohybrid vector (Ad/PAPS) was significantly higher than that of a complex using our previously reported polymer PPSA (Ad/PPSA) regardless of the cellular coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor expression level of cancer cells. oAd complexed with PAPS (oAd/PAPS) also elicited a more potent cancer cell killing effect, antitumor efficacy, and metastasis inhibition than naked oAd or oAd complexed with PPSA (oAd/PPSA) through a higher level of therapeutic transgenes (DCN and IL-12), viral replication, and more efficient infiltration of T cells into tumor tissues. Notably, oAd/PAPS induced the highest level of antitumor immune response while the antiviral immune response was mediated at a significantly lower level than those of naked oAd. Adaptive immune response against the virus was also significantly attenuated in the oAd/PAPS group. oAd/PAPS treatment also led to the highest level of antitumor central memory T cells and the lowest level of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells in the spleen. Collectively, our findings illustrate that oAd/PAPS can simultaneously regulate both antitumor and antiviral immune responses to be more favorable to oncolytic virotherapy, leading to improved gene expression, viral replication, and growth inhibition of both primary and metastatic tumors.
The Effect of Shear-Induced Fiber Alignment on Viscosity for 3D Printing of Reinforced Polymers (2018)

Material printed with large scale additive manufacturing systems such as the Big Area Additive Manufacturing (BAAM) system experience a wide range of shear rates during the extrusion process. The shear rate can vary over five orders of magnitude as the material passes through the single screw extruder and is deposited onto previous layers. When fiber reinforced materials are deposited, the fibers can become highly aligned in the direction of flow due to the high shear stresses experienced as the material passes through the nozzle. Therefore, accurate analysis of the viscoelastic response of a polymer during extrusion should replicate these conditions as closely as possible. This study evaluates the effect of a pre-conditioning shear strain on the extrusion viscosity of carbon fiber reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS).
Gold-Loaded Tungsten Oxide Sensor for Detection of Ammonia in Air (1992)

Abstract Among various noble-metal loaded WO3 sensor elements, the one loaded with Au showed the best NH3 sensing performance in sensitivity and response rate at 450 °C. It could detect NH3 in air over a wide concentration range from 5 ppb to 50 ppm. The optimum Au loading was 0.8 wt%.
Here and there (2013)

A significant portion of Web search is performed in mobile settings. We explore the links between users' queries on mobile devices and their locations and movement, with a focus on interpreting queries about addresses. We find that users tend to have a primary location, likely corresponding to home or workplace, and that a user's location relative to this primary location systematically influences the patterns of address searches. We apply our findings to construct a statistical model that can predict with high accuracy whether a user will be soon observed at an address that had been recently retrieved via search. Such an ability to predict that a user will transition to a location can be harnessed for multiple uses including provision of directions and traffic information, the rendering of competitive advertising, and guiding the opportunistic completion of pending tasks that can be accomplished en route to a target location.
Inhibition of dopamine-.BETA.-hydroxylase, a copper enzyme, by bleomycin. (1980)

Bleomycin was found to be one of the most potent inhibitors of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase. Bleomycin-A2 at 8 X 10(-8) M inhibited the enzyme activity by 50%. Kinetic studies showed that the inhibition by bleomycin-A2 was of the competitive type with both the substrate and the cofactor, ascorbate, and was not affected by fumarate, a stimulator for the enzyme. The inhibition mechanism is possibly due to chelating action of bleomycin toward the copper atom at the active site of the enzyme together with some other kinds of binding, for the addition of the cupric ions or extensive dialysis completely reversed the inhibition and bleomycin Cu(II)-complex did not inhibit the enzyme.
Limits to resolution in multiple-pulse NMR (1975)

An experimental and theoretical account is presented of various multiple-pulse experiments in solids based on cycles using reflection symmetry. The line-narrowing efficiency or spectral resolution of these cycles depends critically on the residual terms in the effective Hamiltonian. We identify three resonance-offset-dependent line-broadening mechanisms. Several new pulse sequences which reduce the broadening caused by these sources are demonstrated. The spectrometer alignment procedure for multiple-pulse sequences is described in detail and the effect of a particular phase-alignment error on line-narrowing efficiency is discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Friedel—Crafts Alkylation of β,γ‐Unsaturated α‐Ketoesters: Enantioselective Addition of Aromatic C—H Bonds to Alkenes. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Effect of Nebulizer Location and Spontaneous Breathing on Aerosol Delivery During Airway Pressure Release Ventilation in Bench Testing (2018)

Spontaneous breathing increased the albuterol delivery during APRV, compared with APRV alone and PCV modes. Placing the nebulizer proximal to the ventilator was more efficient for all modes tested.