gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of copolymerization phenomena in mechanistic studies: monomer substituent effects in nickel-catalyzed isocyanide polymerizations (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUse of copolymerization phenomena in mechanistic studies: monomer substituent effects in nickel-catalyzed isocyanide polymerizationsTimothy J. Deming and Bruce M. NovakCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 25, 7092–7094Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00077a060https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00077a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views154Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
THE PREVALENCE OF HYPERLIPIDEMIA IN RENAL TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS (1990)

To determine the extent of persisting hyperlipidemia in renal transplant recipients receiving modern maintenance immunosuppressive and antihypertensive therapy we compared plasma levels of total and high-density lipoprotein and triglyceride in 275 renal transplant recipients with stable graft function with age- and sex-matched groups from the local general population (n = 4055). Total cholesterol and triglyceride were higher in transplanted patients in all age groups, but the difference was much more striking in women. Plasma levels of HDL cholesterol were similar or slightly lower in transplanted patients. Association with parameters of graft function, immunosuppressive therapy, and antihypertensive therapy were studied within the transplanted population using multiple regression. Total cholesterol was significantly and independently associated with age, sex, diuretic therapy, and urinary protein. In 127/134 (95%) of patients the diuretic was a loop diuretic. None of the other classes of antihypertensive drug was independently associated with serum cholesterol. The only variables significantly associated with HDL cholesterol were sex and the plasma creatinine. Plasma triglyceride was significantly and independently associated with both diuretic therapy and beta-blocker therapy and with age, urinary protein excretion, and plasma albumin. Plasma cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were almost identical in patients receiving triple therapy (cyclosporine 3-5 mg/kg; prednisolone 7-10 mg o.d.; azathioprine 1-1.5 mg/kg) to those in patients receiving conventional immunosuppression (prednisolone 7-10 mg o.d.; azathioprine 2-2.5 mg/kg). Thus these results do not support the existence of a persisting long-term effect of cyclosporine on plasma cholesterol and triglyceride at these doses of the drug. The more striking abnormality of plasma cholesterol and triglyceride in females is unexplained but might be connected with greater sensitivity to low doses of corticosteroids.
Wafer-Scale Fast Fourier Transforms (2023)

We have implemented fast Fourier transforms for one, two, and three-dimensional arrays on the Cerebras CS-2, a system whose memory and processing elements reside on a single silicon wafer. The wafer-scale engine (WSE) encompasses a two-dimensional mesh of roughly 850,000 processing elements (PEs) with fast local memory and equally fast nearest-neighbor interconnections.
Advances in Chinese Spoken Language Processing (2006)

Principles of CSLP: Phonetic and Phonological Background of Chinese Spoken Languages (C-C Kuo) Prosody Analysis (C Tseng) Some Advances in Language Modeling (C-H Chueh et al.) CSLP Technology Integration: Speech-to-Speech Translation (Y Gao et al.) Transliteration (H Li et al.) Putonghua Proficiency Test and Evaluation (R-H Wang et al.) Systems, Applications and Resources: Multilingual Dialog Systems (H M Meng) Directory Assistance System (J-K Chen et al.) Robust Car Navigation System (J-F Wang et al.) and other papers.
Comparison of flow and batch polymerization processes for production of vinyl ether terpolymers for use in the delivery of siRNA (2014)

ABSTRACT Synthetic polymers represent a modifiable class of materials that can serve as adjuvants to address challenges in numerous biomedical and medicinal chemistry applications including the delivery of siRNA. Polymer‐based therapeutics offer unique challenges in both synthesis and characterization as compared to small molecule therapeutics. The ability to control the structure of the polymer is critical in creating a therapeutic. Reported herein, are batch and flow polymerization processes to produce amphiphilic terpolymers through a Lewis acid BF 3 OEt 2 ‐catalyzed polymerization. These processes focus on controlling reaction variables, which affect polymer structure in this rapid, exothermic, nonliving cationic polymerization. In addition to analytical characterization of the polymers, the in vivo activity of the polymer‐siRNA conjugates is also highlighted—demonstrating that the method of synthesis does affect the in vivo activity of the resulting polymer conjugate. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2014 , 52 , 1119–1129
Analysis of human/mouse interleukin‐6 hybrid proteins: both amino and carboxy termini of human interleukin‐6 are required for in vitro receptor binding (1992)

The multifunctional cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a single polypeptide chain consisting of 184 amino acids in man and 187 amino acids in mouse. Despite the relatively high degree of sequence similarity of these two molecules (about 57%), the biological activity in mouse and human IL-6 shows species specificity. Starting with this observation, we constructed interspecies hybrids with the goal of defining which segments of the human IL-6 molecule are involved in human receptor binding. In this manner we generated multiple amino acid substitution mutants which do not contain insertions or deletions as compared with the parental proteins, and which, therefore, should not show dramatic changes in folding. Using two biological assays on cells of human and mouse origin and a recently developed in vitro binding assay to recombinant soluble human IL-6 receptor, we obtained results which indicate that both the amino and carboxy termini are necessary and sufficient for efficient binding, but that the carboxy terminus plays the dominant role in receptor recognition.
FMRI INVESTIGATION OF DYNAMIC COOPERATIVITY: SYNCHRONISED FINGER TAPPING WITH AN ADAPTIVE "VIRTUAL PARTNER" (2010)

Cooperation is intrinsic to our ability to work together towards a common goal such as music making. The following study presents a novel approach for studying brain activity related to cooperative synchronization between a human and a virtual partner, an adaptively-paced auditory metronome. Using functional MRI (FMRI) and by varying the virtual partner’s level of cooperativity, we identify the neural correlates of dynamic, cooperative synchronization. Furthermore, overlap between cooperativity and sensorimotor synchronization (SMS) is explored, and therefore a bridge between social cognition and simpler goal-directed action. This adaptively-paced tapping task provides a model with which to study the dynamic, cooperative relationship experienced when playing music in a group. Results presented both replicate previous findings and expand our understanding of the brain networks underlying SMS and cooperativity. These include shared fronto-parietal areas, implicated in executive function and simulation, and variable activation of medial and lateral subdivisions depending on levels of cooperativity.
Optically Injection-locked Green-pumped Singly Resonant CW OPO based on Self-Guided Operation in a MgO:PPLN (2012)

We report on the phase coherent operation of the singly resonant CW OPO based on self-guided operation in a MgO:PPLN crystal pumped at 532 nm via the optical injection-locking from the external cavity diode laser.
Vibration Control of Beams by Beam‐Type Dynamic Vibration Absorbers (1992)

Dynamic vibration absorbers with one degree of freedom are generally applied to the passive control of beam vibration. These absorbers are useful to control a single mode of vibration under harmonic excitation. In this paper, a beam‐type dynamic vibration absorber is presented and is composed of a beam (dynamic absorbing beam) under the same boundary conditions as the main beam and uniformly distributed, connecting spring and damper between the main beam and absorbing beam. Equations of motion of the system in modal coordinates of the main beam become equal to those of the two‐degrees‐of‐freedom system with two masses and three springs. Formulas for optimum design of the beam‐type dynamic vibration absorber are proposed by using the optimum design method of a dynamic absorber in two degrees of freedom, obtained by Den Hartog's method. Numerical calculations indicated the response of the main beam without damping is reduced with the exception of the response of the second mode, and the one with damping is remarkably reduced.
Lysine acetylation regulates the interaction between proteins and membranes (2021)

Lysine acetylation regulates the function of soluble proteins in vivo, yet it remains largely unexplored whether lysine acetylation regulates membrane protein function. Here, we use bioinformatics, biophysical analysis of recombinant proteins, live-cell fluorescent imaging and genetic manipulation of Drosophila to explore lysine acetylation in peripheral membrane proteins. Analysis of 50 peripheral membrane proteins harboring BAR, PX, C2, or EHD membrane-binding domains reveals that lysine acetylation predominates in membrane-interaction regions. Acetylation and acetylation-mimicking mutations in three test proteins, amphiphysin, EHD2, and synaptotagmin1, strongly reduce membrane binding affinity, attenuate membrane remodeling in vitro and alter subcellular localization. This effect is likely due to the loss of positive charge, which weakens interactions with negatively charged membranes. In Drosophila, acetylation-mimicking mutations of amphiphysin cause severe disruption of T-tubule organization and yield a flightless phenotype. Our data provide mechanistic insights into how lysine acetylation regulates membrane protein function, potentially impacting a plethora of membrane-related processes.
Periodontal disease adversely affects the survival of patients with end-stage renal disease (2021)

Periodontal disease is associated with cardiovascular disease and is thought to accelerate systemic atherosclerosis. Here we examined the relationship between periodontitis and cardiovascular disease mortality in outpatients on hemodialysis using a retrospective analysis of 168 adult patients in New York City and North Carolina. During 18 months of follow-up, cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality were determined from a centralized dialysis registry. One hundred patients had mild or no periodontal disease but the remaining 68 had moderate-to-severe disease defined as 2 or more teeth with at least 6 mm of inter-proximal attachment loss. At baseline, the proportion of males was significantly lower in the moderate-to-severe group. Compared with mild or no periodontal disease, moderate-to-severe disease was significantly associated with death from cardiovascular causes. Adjustment for age, gender, center and dialysis vintage, smoking status, and history of diabetes mellitus or hypertension did not diminish the strength of this association. Our findings suggest a need for larger studies to confirm this connection, along with intervention trials to determine if treating periodontitis reduces cardiovascular disease mortality in dialysis patients.
Tandem Mass Spectrometry for the Direct Assay of Lysosomal Enzymes in Dried Blood Spots: Application to Screening Newborns for Mucopolysaccharidosis II (Hunter Syndrome) (2010)

We have developed a tandem mass spectrometry based assay of iduronate-2-sulfatase (IdS) activity for the neonatal detection of mucopolysaccharidosis II (MPS-II, Hunter Syndrome). The assay uses a newly designed synthetic substrate (IdS-S) consisting of α-l-iduronate-2-sulfate, which is glycosidically conjugated to a coumarin and a linker containing a tert-butyloxycarbamido group. A short synthesis of the substrate has been developed that has the potential of being scaled to multigram quantities. Sulfate hydrolysis of IdS-S by IdS found within a 3 mm dried blood spot specifically produces a nonsulfated product (IdS-P) which is detected by electrospray tandem mass spectrometry and quantified using a deuterium-labeled internal standard, both carried out in positive ion mode. Analysis of DBS from 75 random human newborns showed IdS activities in the range of 4.8−16.2 (mean 9.1) μmol/(h L of blood), which were clearly distinguished from the activities measured for 14 MPS-II patients at 0.17−0.52 (mean 0.29) μmol/(h L of blood). The assay shows low blank activity, 0.15 ± 0.03 μmol/(h L of blood). The within-assay coefficient of variation (CV) was 3.1% while the interassay CV was 15%.
Quantization and compensation in sampled interleaved multi-channel systems (2010)

This paper considers the environment of interleaved, multi-channel measurements as arises for example in time-interleaved A/D converters and in distributed sensor networks. Such systems take the form of either uniform or recurrent nonuniform sampling, depending on the timing offset between the channels. Quantization in each channel results in an effective overall signal to noise ratio in the reconstructed output which is dependent on the quantizer step sizes, the timing offsets between the channels and the oversampling ratio. Appropriate choice of these parameters together with the design of appropriate compensation filtering is discussed.
Using Smartphones for Orientation Training for the Visually Impaired (2015)

This chapter discusses the potential of Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation (IPIN) systems in teaching and training Orientation and Mobility (O&amp; M) to individuals with visual impairment. In addition, an attempt is made to investigate the implications of such trainings and technology in mathematics education, with regards to the learning of concepts of orientation. For individuals with visual impairment, O&amp;M training is of crucial importance for everyday life and safety. Furthermore, these skills are often connected to problem-solving as well as to the understanding of basic geometrical concepts related to mathematics. In this chapter the developed IPIN system is presented, followed by suggested scenarios of its use in O&amp;M trainings and O&amp;M activities that can be used to introduce and strengthen opportunities for exploring mathematical topics.
Proteomic analysis of rat soleus muscle undergoing hindlimb suspension-induced atrophy and reweighting hypertrophy (2002)

A proteomic analysis was performed comparing normal rat soleus muscle to soleus muscle that had undergone either 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 7, 10 and 14 days of hindlimb suspension-induced atrophy or hindlimb suspension-induced atrophied soleus muscle that had undergone 1 hour, 8 hour, 1 day, 2 day, 4 day and 7 days of reweighting-induced hypertrophy. Muscle mass measurements demonstrated continual loss of soleus mass occurred throughout the 21 days of hindlimb suspension; following reweighting, atrophied soleus muscle mass increased dramatically between 8 hours and 1 day post reweighting. Proteomic analysis of normal and atrophied soleus muscle demonstrated statistically significant changes in the relative levels of 29 soleus proteins. Reweighting following atrophy demonstrated statistically significant changes in the relative levels of 15 soleus proteins. Protein identification using mass spectrometry was attempted for all differentially regulated proteins from both atrophied and hypertrophied soleus muscle. Five differentially regulated proteins from the hindlimb suspended atrophied soleus muscle were identified while five proteins were identified in the reweighting-induced hypertrophied soleus muscles. The identified proteins could be generally grouped together as metabolic proteins, chaperone proteins and contractile apparatus proteins. Together these data demonstrate that coordinated temporally regulated changes in the skeletal muscle proteome occur during disuse-induced soleus muscle atrophy and reweighting hypertrophy.
Label-free chemical imaging of live Euglena gracilis by high-speed SRS spectral microscopy(Conference Presentation) (2016)

Microbes, especially microalgae, have recently been of great interest for developing novel biofuels, drugs, and biomaterials. Imaging-based screening of live cells can provide high selectivity and is attractive for efficient bio-production from microalgae. Although conventional cellular screening techniques use cell labeling, labeling of microbes is still under development and can interfere with their cellular functions. Furthermore, since live microbes move and change their shapes rapidly, a high-speed imaging technique is required to suppress motion artifacts. Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy allows for label-free and high-speed spectral imaging, which helps us visualize chemical components inside biological cells and tissues. Here we demonstrate high-speed SRS imaging, with temporal resolution of 0.14 seconds, of intracellular distributions of lipid, polysaccharide, and chlorophyll concentrations in rapidly moving Euglena gracilis, a unicellular phytoflagellate. Furthermore, we show that our method allows us to analyze the amount of chemical components inside each living cell. Our results indicate that SRS imaging may be applied to label-free screening of living microbes based on chemical information.
Podocyte Injury Damages Other Podocytes (2011)

Loss of podocytes promotes glomerulosclerosis, but whether this results from a continued primary insult or a secondary mechanism triggered by the initial loss of podocytes is unknown. We generated chimeric mice in which only a subpopulation of podocytes expressed hCD25, which is the receptor for the immunotoxin LMB2. In addition, genetic labeling of hCD25-negative cells with human placental alkaline phosphatase allowed the study of these two distinct podocyte populations. Administration of LMB2 did not cause podocyte injury in hCD25-negative control mice. In contrast, LMB2 severely damaged or sloughed off the subpopulation of hCD25-positive podocytes within the chimeric glomeruli. Moreover, hCD25-negative podocytes, which were immune to the initial toxin injury, developed injury as early as 4 d after LMB2 injection, evidenced by foot process effacement, upregulation of desmin, and downregulation of nephrin, podocin, and podocalyxin. Furthermore, the magnitude of secondary injury correlated with the magnitude of primary injury, supporting the concept of an amplified cascade of podocyte injury. In conclusion, podocyte damage can propagate injury by triggering secondary damage of "remnant" intact podocytes, even when the primary insult is short-lived. This transmission of podocyte injury may form a vicious cycle leading to accelerated podocyte deterioration and glomerulosclerosis.
Supplementary Fig. S2 from Emergence of Enzalutamide Resistance in Prostate Cancer is Associated with BCL-2 and IKKB Dependencies (2023)

&lt;p&gt;IKKB immunohistochemistry validation&lt;/p&gt;
Novel Calcium Phosphate Cement with Metformin-Loaded Chitosan for Odontogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Cells (2018)

Metformin is an old and widely accepted first-line drug for treating type 2 diabetes. Our previous studies demonstrate that metformin can stimulate the osteo/odontogenic differentiation of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells and human dental pulp cells (DPCs). Due to the rapid dilution of metformin from the defect area, the aim of this study was to develop a drug delivery system with controlled release of metformin to promote cell viability and odontogenic differentiation of DPCs favoring dentin regeneration. Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) containing chitosan and metformin as a scaffold was synthesized. DPCs were seeded onto the scaffold, and the viability and proliferation were evaluated at several time points. For osteogenic differentiation analysis, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was tested, cells were stained with Alizarin Red, and the expression of odontogenic markers was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. DPCs remained viable and attached well to the CPC-chitosan composite scaffold. Moreover, the addition of metformin to the CPC-chitosan composite did not adversely affect cell proliferation, compared to that of CPC control. Our data further revealed that the novel CPC-chitosan-metformin composite enhanced the odontogenic differentiation of DPCs, as evidenced by higher ALP activity, elevated expression of odontoblastic markers, and strong mineral deposition. These results suggest that the new CPC-chitosan-metformin composite is a highly promising scaffold with the potential for tissue engineering applications including dentin regeneration.
Decentralized control strategy of a fuel cell/secondary storage element power supply system (2016)

This article presents a decentralized control strategy applied to a multi-source power system having a fuel cell (FC) system as a main power source and a secondary storage element (SSE) for peak current supply during transients and energy recovery during braking. The dedicated control structure aims to assure an optimal operation of the FC system and a desired energy level of the SSE. To attain these objectives, a dynamic model of the FC system (stack and auxiliary devices necessary to fuel cell operation) is used, in addition to the SSE dynamics. The FC system regulation and the control of the SSE state of energy are performed separately with two different controllers, both designed using a model predictive control (MPC) approach. A first controller is employed in order to ensure a high efficiency of the FC system while respecting the compressor physical limits (limited voltage of the compressor motor, bounded operation region). The performances of the MPC strategy are evaluated in simulation and compared to the ones of a classic PID regulator. A second controller is used to obtain a desired SSE charge level for a given load profile, by guaranteeing a positive FC current and a bounded state of energy. The decentralized control approach proposed for this multivariable system allows to reduce the computational complexity, compared to a centralized approach. The validation of the control structure is performed in simulation using a nonlinear model of the FC system.