gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Massive MIMO Hybrid Precoding for LEO Satellite Communications With Twin-Resolution Phase Shifters and Nonlinear Power Amplifiers (2022)

The massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission technology has recently attracted much attention in the non-geostationary, e.g., low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication (SATCOM) systems since it can significantly improve the energy efficiency (EE) and spectral efficiency. In this work, we develop a hybrid analog/digital precoding technique in the massive MIMO LEO SATCOM downlink, which reduces the onboard hardware complexity and power consumption. In the proposed scheme, the analog precoder is implemented via a more practical twin-resolution phase shifting (TRPS) network to make a meticulous tradeoff between the power consumption and array gain. In addition, we consider and study the impact of the distortion effect of the nonlinear power amplifiers (NPAs) in the system design. By jointly considering all the above factors, we propose an efficient algorithmic approach for the TRPS-based hybrid precoding problem with NPAs. Numerical results show the EE gains considering the nonlinear distortion and the performance superiority of the proposed TRPS-based hybrid precoding scheme over the baselines.
Feasibility of Fault Exclusion Related to Advanced RAIM for GNSS Spoofing Detection (2017)

This paper will present an exercise to verify the usefulness of statistical testing of measurement residuals of an overdetermined position solution followed by measurement subset selection for spoofing detection and mitigation for certain spoofing events, to be especially beneficial when multi-GNSS is considered. Tests include utilizing dynamic GPS spoofing data from the TEXBAT testing battery. We will present that Advanced RAIM (Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring) has benefits for spoof detection. RAIM is designed to catch inconsistencies in range measurements and is thus useful in defeating a surreptitious lift off spoofing attack. Inconsistencies in a lift off attack exist when the spoof signal mixes with the genuine signal of similar power levels (within a few dB). The mixing creates some measurements from genuine signals and some from the spoofed signals. ARAIM cannot however mitigate across all categories of spoofers and hence should not represent a standalone spoofing solution. Although pre- and post-correlation signal processing is definitely the most efficient way to detect and mitigate spoofing effects, checking the measurements in the navigation domain is not a lost cause, as presented herein.
Identification of stress-related proteins inEscherichia coliusing the pollutantcis-dichloroethylene (2009)

Six previously uncharacterized proteins (YchH, YdeI, YgiW, YhcN, YjaA and YodD) were shown to be stress proteins.
High frequency giant magnetoresistance in evaporated Co/Cu multilayers deposited on Si(111) and Si(100) (1999)

We report giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in Co/Cu multilayers deposited using high vacuum electron beam evaporation on Si(111) and Si(100). Samples grown on Si(111) show enhanced magnetoresistance and coercivity, which may be attributed to ill-defined interfacial boundaries between successive layers. Previous work exploring the frequency dependency of GMR has been done using microwave techniques to indirectly determine GMR. Our magnetoresistance data was obtained by replacing one side of a square loop antenna with a Co/Cu multilayer and measuring the impedance. No effect on the magnitude of the GMR, due to high frequency test signals, was observed for a frequency range from dc to 5.5 GHz.
Direct Patterning of Optoelectronic Nanostructures Using Encapsulated Layered Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (2022)

Direct top-down nanopatterning of semiconductors is a powerful tool for engineering properties of optoelectronic devices. Translating this approach to two-dimensional semiconductors such as monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is challenging because of both the small scales required for confinement and the degradation of electronic and optical properties caused by high-energy and high-dose electron radiation used for high-resolution top-down direct electron beam patterning. We show that encapsulating a TMD monolayer with hexagonal boron nitride preserves the narrow exciton linewidths and emission intensity typical in such heterostructures after electron beam lithography, allowing direct patterning of functional optical monolayer nanostructures on scales of a few tens of nanometers. We leverage this fabrication method to study size-dependent effects on nanodot arrays of MoS<sub>2</sub> and MoSe<sub>2</sub> as well as laterally confined electrical transport devices, demonstrating the potential of top-down lithography for nanoscale TMD optoelectronics.
Monodispersed lysozyme-functionalized bioactive glass nanoparticles with antibacterial and anticancer activities (2016)

In this study, highly monodispersed spherical bioactive glass nanoparticles (BGS) with a particle size of 408 ± 36 nm were synthesized using a modified Stöber method. The BGS was then functionalized with lysozyme (LY) via a simple electrostatic interaction routine under selected conditions. The LY-functionalized BGS (LY-BGS) exhibited monodispersity, spherical morphology and homogeneity in size. The incorporated content of LY could be tailored conveniently by adjusting the initial concentration of the LY precursor for functionalization. Hydroxyapatite (HA) formed on the LY-BGS after soaking in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 7 d, but the formation was retarded compared to the non-functionalized BGS. The LY-BGS showed antibacterial activity towards Gram-positive B. subtilis and >90% of the bacteria was killed within 24 h after culture with the LY-BGS at a concentration of 1 mg ml(-1). The LY-BGS also showed cytotoxicity towards the human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line. In addition, the relative cytotoxicity increased with an increase in the concentration of the LY-BGS in contact with the cells. As a comparison, the LY-BGS exhibited reduced or no cytotoxicity towards human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) at the same concentration with respect to the HepG2 groups. Notably, the relative cell viability of HepG2 was 45.9% after exposure to the LY-BGS at a concentration of 10 μg ml(-1) for 24 h, while no decrease in relative viability for the HUVECs was observed under the same conditions. This cytotoxicity window between cancerous cells and healthy cells could be expected for cancer treatment. Furthermore, the antibacterial properties and the bioactivity of LY-BGS make it a promising material for biomedical applications, particularly in the treatment of bone defects caused by tumors.
HD DVD-R Disc Produced in the Current DVD-R Mass-Production Line with Excellent Read Stability Low-to-High Polarity Organic Dye (2005)

HD DVD - R disc: High density DVD recordable disc for blue laser system (15GB / DVD - R size) has been produced in the current DVD - R mass - production line with the only two changing items of a disc stamper and an organic dye. More than 1500000 times excellent readout stability was achieved by using the new dye with low - to - high recording polarity.
X-Ray2EM: Uncertainty-Aware Cross-Modality Image Reconstruction from X-Ray to Electron Microscopy in Connectomics (2023)

Comprehensive, synapse-resolution imaging of the brain will be crucial for understanding neuronal computations and function. In connectomics, this has been the sole purview of volume electron microscopy (EM), which entails an excruciatingly difficult process because it requires cutting tissue into many thin, fragile slices that then need to be imaged, aligned, and reconstructed. Unlike EM, hard X-ray imaging is compatible with thick tissues, eliminating the need for thin sectioning, and delivering fast acquisition, intrinsic alignment, and isotropic resolution. Unfortunately, current state-of-the-art X-ray microscopy provides much lower resolution, to the extent that segmenting membranes is very challenging. We propose an uncertainty-aware 3D reconstruction model that translates X-ray images to EM-like images with enhanced membrane segmentation quality, showing its potential for developing simpler, faster, and more accurate X-ray based connectomics pipelines.
Impedimetric Characterization of Bioelectronic Nano-Antennae (2020)

&lt;p&gt;The merging of electronics with biology at the nanoscale holds considerable promise for sensing and modulating cellular behavior. Advancing our understanding of nano-bioelectronics will facilitate development and enable applications in biosensing, tissue engineering and bioelectronic medicine. However, studies investigating the electrical effects when merging wireless conductive nanoelectrodes with biology are lacking. Consequently, a new tool is required to develop a greater understanding of the bioelectrical effects of merging conductive nanoparticles with biology. Herein, this challenge is addressed by developing an impedimetric method to evaluate bipolar electrochemical systems (BESs) that could act as nano-antennas. A theoretical framework is provided, using impedance to determine if conductive nanoparticles can be polarized and used to drive current. It is then demonstrated that 125 nm Au nanoparticle bipolar electrodes (BPEs) could be sensed in the presence of biology when incorporated intracellularly at 500 mg/ml, using water and PBS as electrolytes. These results highlight how nanoscale BPEs act within biological systems and characterize their behavior in electric fields. This research will impact on the rational design of using BPE systems in biology for both sensing and actuating applications.&lt;/p&gt;
A Rapid Increase in the Inspired Concentration of Desflurane Is Not Associated with Epileptiform Encephalogram (2005)

A rapid increase in the concentration of sevoflurane induces epileptiform encephalogram (EEG) with tachycardia. A rapid increase in the concentration of desflurane also induces tachycardia but is not associated with epileptiform EEG.
Typing of prostate tissue by ultrasonic spectrum analysis (1996)

Prostate cancer is the highest-incidence cancer and second-leading cancer killer of men in the U.S. Diagnosis now relies virtually exclusively on core-needle biopsy, guided by transrectal ultrasound (TRUS). Because of the limitations of TRUS in detecting suspicious regions, biopsy often fails to sample cancer that is present or to determine that extracapsular cancer exists, which results in false-negative biopsies or inappropriate prostatectomies. Therefore, the authors conducted this study to investigate the use of spectrum analysis of radio frequency (RF) echo signals as a possible means of reducing the number of false-negative biopsies and inappropriate prostatectomies. This method utilizes databases of parameters derived from normalized power spectra of RF echo signals and histologically proven tissue types to determine ranges of parameter values associated with tissue types of interest. Typing an unknown tissue is performed by comparing the parameter values of the unknown to the value ranges of specific tissue types in the database. The authors' results provide encouraging preliminary discriminant-function distributions that suggest an excellent potential for differentiating cancerous from noncancerous prostate tissue far superior in terms of sensitivity and specificity than means now used to determine whether biopsy is required. In addition, the authors developed images using color to indicate the most likely tissue type throughout the tissue cross section as determined by comparisons with database parameter values. These images showed excellent correlation with histology.
Dispersion Polymerization of Vinylidene Fluoride in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (2006)

The dispersion polymerization of vinylidene fluoride in supercritical carbon dioxide is investigated using two ammonium carboxylate perfluoropolyether stabilizers of different molecular weights. Under suitable operating conditions a polymer made of well-dispersed spherical particles has been obtained up to relatively high conversion. The experimental data of polymerization rate and molecular weight distribution are in good agreement with the predictions of a model previously developed. Such an agreement supports the conclusion that the polymerization kinetics is dominated by the interphase transport of the active radicals between the continuous phase and the polymer particles.
A cadaveric study of the anterolateral ligament: re-introducing the lateral capsular ligament (2014)

From this study, the ALL is an independent structure in the anterolateral compartment of the knee and may serve a proprioceptive role in knee mechanics.
Electrically tunable power efficient dispersion compensating fiber Bragg gratings for dynamic operation in nonlinear lightwave systems (1999)

We demonstrate a power efficient (<0.5 W) tunable dispersion compensating fiber Bragg grating device and show for the first time dynamic optimization of dispersion in a nonlinear lightwave system. Operation is demonstrated in a 20 Gbit/s single channel NRZ system where the device was used to adjust the dispersion to the power-dependent optimal dispersion required for optimum performance.
Helical launching structure for Alfven wave heating in the Proto-Cleo stellarator (1977)

A helical wave launching structure is analyzed to determine the spectrum of Alfven waves that it can excite. Using an ideal MHD plasma model, the effectiveness of this helical coil for producing Alfven wave heating in the Proto-Cleo stellarator is investigated. It is found that significant energy absorption should occur. The amount of absorption and the frequency range over which it is greatest are dependent on the shape of the radial profiles of the confining magnetic field and the plasma density.
Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks: Applications and Testbeds (2008)

The availability of low-cost hardware is enabling the development of wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSNs), i.e., networks of resource-constrained wireless devices that can retrieve multimedia content such as video and audio streams, still images, and scalar sensor data from the environment. In this paper, ongoing research on <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">prototypes</i> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">of</i> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">multimedia</i> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sensors</i> and their integration into <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">testbeds</i> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">for</i> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">experimental</i> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">evaluation</i> of algorithms and protocols for WMSNs are described. Furthermore, open research issues and future research directions, both at the device level and at the testbed level, are discussed. This paper is intended to be a resource for researchers interested in advancing the state-of-the-art in experimental research on wireless multimedia sensor networks.
Partitioning considerations in systolic array design (2002)

Efficient scheduling techniques are developed for methods in partitioning problems that do not match the array size exactly. In particular, scheduling for the locally-parallel-globally-sequential (LPGS) technique and the locally-sequential-globally-parallel (LSGP) technique are developed. The scheduling procedure exploits the fact that after LPGS and LSGP partitioning, the locality constraints get modified, allowing the use of certain interconnections that were not available before. The scheduling method allows development of a flexible scheduling order for LPGS that is useful in evaluating a trade-off between execution time and the size of the partitioning buffers. The scheduling techniques are illustrated with the help of matrix multiplication and QR decomposition examples.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A telemonitoring service supporting preterm newborns care in a neonatal intensive care unit (2017)

Glucose concentration in blood, better known as glycemia, is a very underestimated physiological parameter in neonatal intensive care units. Its value is currently monitored by performing few measurements per day, acquired through heel pricks or arterial samplings. Unfortunately, the frequency of those samplings is quite low in preterm newborns, who are very low birth weight infants, due to their fragility. As a result, hyper-or hypo-glycemia events occurring between two separate measurements remain often unnoticed. A medical research group working at the University Hospital of Padova already proved the clinical benefits of continuous glucose monitoring for preterm newborns hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit. However, glucose data are still sampled through individual devices that are not integrated into a central monitoring system. Thus the health care staff has to visit regularly the cradles, watch the glycemia trends and pay attention to alarms. Our contribution deals with the implementation of a system based on mobile technologies that sends the data acquired through commercial glucometers to a central database, so that they become available in real time for the staff in the ward room. Moreover, we also integrated into that system an algorithm described in the literature for recommending the most appropriate glucose infusion rates based on the last readings of the patient. The system runs on an Android device and has been successfully tested in two different clinical trials involving twelve and five patients respectively.
90° Domain Structure of (La,Li)TiO3 and Its Influence on Li Conduction Properties (2014)

The influence of 90° domain boundaries in (La,Li)TiO 3 (LLTO) on the Li conduction mechanism has been examined by a combination of state-of-the-art experiments and first-principles calculations. The atomistic structure of 90° domain boundaries in LLTO has been determined using HAADF-STEM observations. Using HAADF-STEM observations, we can obtain Z-contrast image. As shown in Fig.1, bright spots correspond to heavier La column. Important finding is that at 90° domain boundary, each cells connected by La layer. Based on this structural information, first-principles calculations were carried out. In this study, we use projector augmented wave (PAW) method based on the density functional theory (DFT). Li conduction path and its activation energy were determined using nudged elastic band (NEB) method. Phonon dispersion relations were determined by frozen phonon method. Firstly we performed bulk crystal calculations using tetragonal (SG: P 4/ mmm ) (La 0.5 ,Li 0.5 )TiO 3 assuming alternative stacking La layer and Li layer along c-direction. The calculated phonon dispersion for bulk crystal shows soft-mode in the entire wave vector space. This indicate lattice instability mainly TiO 6 -octahedoron rotation. Because of this TiO 6 -octahedoron rotation instability, calculated Li conduction activation energy for LLTO bulk shows exceptionally small value ( E a = 0.2 eV). However, this theoretical E a was quite small to compare with experimentally reported value ( E a = 0.4 eV). To reveal the origin of this E a discrepancy between theory and experiments, secondary, we examined Li-conduction energies at 90° domain boundary. We assumed two type of Li conduction: a) Li conduction through La layer, b)Li conduction through La vacancy at La layer. a) Li conduction through La layer shows very high E a of 3 eV. This indicate La layer acting blocking layer for Li conduction. However, if we assume the La vacancy at La layer, conduction energy significantly decreased to 0.6 eV. This conduction energy well corresponds to experimental value. Our calculations reveal that Li conduction in LLTO should be strongly influenced by 90° domain boundaries in this system.
Phosphonium Coupling in the Direct Bond Formations of Tautomerizable Heterocycles via C–OH Bond Activation (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 4/2009) (2009)

Abstract The cover picture shows the single‐step direct transformations of inosine into C6‐functionalized nucleosides by base‐promoted or palladium‐catalyzed phosphonium couplings. Since the pioneering work by Fox et al. in 1958, the functionalization of nucleosides has been routinely carried out in a multi‐step sequence including protection, activation, functionalization, and deprotection. As the first direct bond formation through C–OH bond activation of tautomerizable heterocycles with PyBroP, this new, mild, efficient, chemoselective, and versatile phosphonium coupling methodology has solved a long‐standing synthetic challenge of a single‐step transformation in nucleoside chemistry. Details of the discovery, mechanism, scope, and application of this technology are presented in the Microreview by F.‐A. Kang et al. on p. 461 ff.
Antimetastatic effects of synthetic peptides containing the core sequence of the type III connecting segment domain (IIICS) of fibronectin (1994)

The antimetastatic activities of synthetic peptides corresponding to fragments of the adhesion-related molecules, such as fibronectin and laminin, were examined. We prepared three peptides derived from the type III connecting segment domain (IIICS) of fibronectin: Glu-Ile-Leu-Asp-Val (EILDV), Glu-Ile-Leu-Asp-Val-Pro-Ser-Thr (EILDVPST), Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV), and a laminin-related peptide, Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg (YIGSR). Each peptide inhibited the experimental tumor metastasis of B16-BL6 melanoma, while EILDV had the strongest effect. The peptides conjugated with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) were more effective than the unmodified peptides in molar ratio terms. A mixture composed of PEG hybrids with EILDV, REDV and YIGSR significantly inhibited tumor metastasis.
Tunable wavelength-selective demultiplexer using a liquid-crystal filter (1992)

The authors describe a new tunable wavelength-selective demultiplexer with a liquid crystal Fabry-Perot interferometer. The demultiplexer has six output ports, and, at each output port, any wavelength can be tunably selected within a range of 50 nm at a bandwidth of 0.5-0.6 nm. A simulated result shows that the loss of this demultiplexer is smaller than that of a conventional demultiplexer.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: Dendrimers as Macromolecular Tools to Tackle from Colon to Brain Tumor Types: A Concise Overview (2013)

Abstract Review: &lt; 200 refs.
Water as monomer: Synthesis of an aliphatic polyethersulfone from divinyl sulfone and water (2022)

Using water as monomer in polymerization reactions presents a unique and exquisite strategy towards more sustainable chemistry. Herein, the feasibility thereof is demonstrated by the introduction of the oxa-Michael polyaddition of water and divinyl sulfone. Upon nucleophilic or base catalysis, the corresponding aliphatic polyethersulfone is obtained in an interfacial polymerization at room temperature in high yield (> 97%) within an hour. The polyethersulfone is characterized by relatively high molar mass averages and a dispersity around 2.5. The polymer was tested as a solid polymer electrolyte with lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) as salt. Free standing amorphous membranes were prepared by a melt process in a solvent free manner. The polymer electrolyte containing 15 wt.% LiTFSI featured an oxidation stability of up to 5.5 V vs. Li/Li+ at 45 °C and a conductivity of 1.45 × 10-8 S/cm at room temperature.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Detection of Tumor DNA at the Margins of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from Detection of Tumor DNA at the Margins of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis