gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DEER Distance Measurement Between a Spin Label and a Native FAD Semiquinone in Electron Transfer Flavoprotein (2009)

The human mitochondrial electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF) accepts electrons from at least 10 different flavoprotein dehydrogenases and transfers electrons to a single electron acceptor in the inner membrane. Paracoccus denitrificans ETF has the identical function, shares the same three-dimensional structure and functional domains, and exhibits the same conformational mobility. It has been proposed that the mobility of the alphaII domain permits the promiscuous behavior of ETF with respect to a variety of redox partners. Double electron-electron resonance (DEER) measurements between a spin label and an enzymatically reduced flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactor in P. denitrificans ETF gave two distributions of distances: a major component centered at 4.2 +/- 0.1 nm and a minor component centered at 5.1 +/- 0.2 nm. Both components had widths of approximately 0.3 nm. A distance of 4.1 nm was calculated using the crystal structure of P. denitrificans ETF, which agrees with the major component obtained from the DEER measurement. The observation of a second distribution suggests that ETF, in the absence of substrate, adopts some conformations that are intermediate between the predominant free and substrate-bound states.
Additive and Medium Effects on Lewis Acid-Promoted Cationic .pi.-Cyclizations of Alkenyl- and Alkynylcyclopentane-1,3-diones (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdditive and Medium Effects on Lewis Acid-Promoted Cationic .pi.-Cyclizations of Alkenyl- and Alkynylcyclopentane-1,3-dionesAaron Balog, Steven V. Geib, and Dennis P. CurranCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 2, 345–352Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1995https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00107a012Request reuse permissionsArticle Views876Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (3)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Poly(l-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) Matrix Composites Produced in One Step by In Situ Polymerization in TP-RTM (2022)

Poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) is a semicrystalline biopolymer of great interest due to its biosourced, biocompatible, and compostable nature. However, its brittleness prevents its use in a wide range of applications. In order to reinforce PLLA, it is often used in polymer blends or in composites. In this contribution, an unprecedented family of PLLA-based/glass fabric composites with poly(l-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) statistical copolymers as the matrix are reported. These biocomposites were produced in a one-step synthesis by in situ copolymerization of l-lactide and ε-caprolactone in the thermoplastic resin transfer molding (TP-RTM) process. These materials display high matrix/fabric wettability along with strong rubbery character.
σ 54 ‐Dependent regulator DVU2956 switches Desulfovibrio vulgaris from biofilm formation to planktonic growth and regulates hydrogen sulfide production (2019)

Microbiologically influenced corrosion causes $100 billion in damage per year, and biofilms formed by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are the major culprit. However, little is known about the regulation of SRB biofilm formation. Using Desulfovibrio vulgaris as a model SRB organism, we compared the transcriptomes of biofilm and planktonic cells and identified that the gene for σ<sub>54</sub> -dependent regulator DVU2956 is repressed in biofilms. Utilizing a novel promoter that is primarily transcribed in biofilms (P<sub>dvu0304</sub> ), we found production of DVU2956 inhibits biofilm formation by 70%. Corroborating this result, deleting dvu2956 increased biofilm formation, and this biofilm phenotype could be complemented. By producing proteins in biofilms from genes controlled by DVU2956 (dvu2960 and dvu2962), biofilm formation was inhibited almost completely. A second round of RNA-seq for the production of DVU2956 revealed DVU2956 influences electron transport via an Hmc complex (high-molecular-weight cytochrome c encoded by dvu0531-dvu0536) and the Fe-only hydrogenase (encoded by dvu1769, hydA and dvu1770, hydB) to control H<sub>2</sub> S production. Corroborating these results, producing DVU2956 in biofilms decreased H<sub>2</sub> S production by half, deleting dvu2956 increased H<sub>2</sub> S production by 131 ± 5%, and producing DVU2956 in the dvu2956 strain reduced H<sub>2</sub> S production. Therefore, DVU2956 maintains SRB in the planktonic state and reduces H<sub>2</sub> S formation.
A micro-chip initiator with controlled combustion reactivity realized by integrating Al/CuO nanothermite composites on a microhotplate platform (2015)

The interfacial contact area between the fuel and oxidizer components plays an important role in determining the combustion reactivity of nanothermite composites. In addition, the development of compact and reliable ignition methods can extend the applicability of nanothermite composites to various thermal engineering fields. In this study we report the development of a micro-chip initiator with controlled combustion reactivity using concepts usually applied to microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and simple nanofabrication processes. The nanothermite composites fabricated in this study consisted of aluminum nanoparticles (Al NPs) as the fuel and copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) as the oxidizer accumulated on a silicon oxide substrate with a serpentine-shaped gold (Au) electrode. The micro-chip initiator rapidly ignited and exploded when minimal current was supplied. The effects of stacking structures of Al and CuO-based multilayers on the combustion properties were systematically investigated in terms of the pressurization rate, peak explosion time, and heat flow. Pressurization rates of 0.004–0.025 MPa μs−1 and heat flows of 2.0–3.8 kJ g−1 with a commonly fast response time of less than 20 ms could be achieved by simply changing the interfacial structures of the Al and CuO multilayers. The controllability of combustion reactivity of micro-chip initiator can be made for general nanothermite composites composed of Al and various metal oxides (e.g. Fe2O3, CuO, KMnO4, etc). The micro-chip initiator fabricated in this study was reliable, compact, and proved to be a versatile platform, exhibiting controlled combustion reactivity and fast response time, which could be used for various civilian and military thermal engineering applications, such as in initiators and propulsion, welding, and ordinance systems.
Metabonomics evaluations of age-related changes in the urinary compositions of male Sprague Dawley rats and effects of data normalization methods on statistical and quantitative analysis (2007)

This study compared four different normalization methods for the NMR-based metabonomics spectra from an age-related study. It was shown that each method of normalization has a great effect on both the statistical and quantitative analyses. Each normalization method resulted in altered relative positions of significant PCA loadings for each sample spectra but it did not alter which chemical shifts had the highest loadings. The greater the normalization factor was related to age, the greater the separation between age groups was observed in subsequent PCA analyses. The normalization factor that showed the least age dependence was total NMR intensity, which was consistent with UPLC/MS data. Normalization by total intensity attempts to make corrections due to dietary and water intake of the individual animal, which is especially useful in metabonomics evaluations of urine. Additionally, metabonomics evaluations of age-related effects showed decreased concentrations of many Krebs cycle intermediates along with increased levels of oxidized antioxidants in urine of older rats, which is consistent with current theories on aging and its association with diminishing mitochondrial function and increasing levels of reactive oxygen species. Analysis of urine by both NMR and UPLC/MS provides a comprehensive and complementary means of examining metabolic events in aging rats.
Solution of the unit commitment problem by the method of unit periods (1990)

A heuristic solution for short-term thermal unit commitment is presented. The algorithm has been developed as a FORTRAN-based production-type program. Tests of this algorithm on data provided by a midwest utility have demonstrated satisfactory results. The proposed algorithm produces the same unit commitment schedule as a standard dynamic programming (DP)-based algorithm in one fourth the computation time for the DP-based algorithm. The algorithm is nearly linear with the number of unit periods. A unit period is defined as the online duration time versus operation level for each unit. Operating system restrictions limit the prototype to 30 thermal power units as implemented on a PS/2 model 50 personal computer.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A Position-Based Friction Error Model and Its Application to Parameter Identification (2019)

Most existing methods rely on the torque information of a servo drive to predict the tracking error caused by the friction force (friction error), but the torque information is not available in certain systems. This paper proposes a position-based modeling method for the friction error. Two examples are given to verify the practicality of the proposed friction error model on the systems when torque information is not available. The experimental results show that the proposed method can predict the friction error accurately and the proposed online parameter identification method exhibits better performance. The proposed position-based friction error model can also be easily applied to commercial CNC systems because only the position information is required.
Incidence, Recovery, and Management of Serratus Anterior Muscle Palsy after Axillary Node Dissection (1983)

The purposes of this study were to determine the occurrence of serratus anterior muscle weakness after axillary node dissection, to monitor the recovery of serratus anterior muscle strength, and to compare shoulder range of motion in palsied and nonpalsied groups. Thirty-six patients were studied who had 40 axillary node dissections for breast carcinoma or malignant melanoma. Range of motion and manual muscle tests were done preoperatively and at specific postoperative intervals by two observers. To regain range of motion, all subjects were treated daily while hospitalized and as needed when outpatients. Twelve of the 40 dissections (30%) resulted in serratus anterior muscle palsy after surgery. Strength was normal in all the palsied shoulders by the sixth month after surgery. Both the palsied and nonpalsied groups had comparable range of motion at each assessment. The mechanism of long thoracic nerve injury and the clinical significance of serratus anterior muscle palsy are discussed as well as the rationale for early detection and proper physical therapy management. This study suggests that serratus anterior muscle palsy is a frequent but reversible event after axillary node dissection.
Asystole Detected by Implantable Loop Recorders: True or False? (2014)

We report a case of a false asystole detected by an implantable loop recorder a few days after its implantation. In the discussion section we try to give some hints to help cardiac electrophysiologists in distinguish true from false asystoles, in order to avoid unuseful and potentially dangerous implantations of pacemakers.
Castration for Treating Recurrent Priapism: Can We Do Better? (2012)

To the Editor: Our case report describing the management of recurrent priapism in a man using continuous, nonstimulatory phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitor therapy after restored eugonadal status (Pierorazio et al, 2011) has caused me to further reflect on the profound adversity of long-term androgen ablation as a prescription for this condition. As for other patients treated for priapism in my clinical experience, our patient endured considerable side effects of his testosterone deficiency for many years, including loss of vitality, decreased libido, and erectile dysfunction, as well as gynecomastia. Such effects—which may additionally encompass increased abdominal body fat and reduced muscle mass and strength symptomatically, as well as clinical complications of cardiovascular disease, dementia, metabolic syndrome with glucose intolerance, and osteoporosis—are well-recognized and increasingly voiced major ill health concerns of aging men and of patients with prostate cancer receiving androgen ablative therapies. Should these concerns be any less considerable for patients with priapism? Perhaps the adverse effects of androgen ablation for recurrent priapism have been accepted to some degree because of the historically known, sobering consequences of failed management (ie, repetitive ischemia leading to penile tissue damage and erection loss). Androgen ablation was observed years ago to reduce priapism occurrences in a limited clinical trial for the disorder (Serjeant et al, 1985), and its general use has been acknowledged in the absence of efficacious alternative nonsurgical treatment options (Montague et al, 2003). Its role also received support under the supposition that the therapy restrains centrally regulated sleep-related erections, which often precede these occurrences (Levine and Guss, 1993). In the course of this well-intentioned management, however, patients also endure loss of physiologic sexual function. The overall negative impact of this therapy is underscored when considering that its target patient population is commonly young adult men who are afflicted by priapism. The molecular science of recurrent priapism is rapidly evolving, with evidence now indicating that dysregulatory erectile mechanisms explain this heretofore pathophysiologically obscure condition (Burnett and Bivalacqua, 2011). In guiding the hopeful invention of an altogether corrective therapy for priapism, this scientific knowledge meanwhile offers opportunities to advance interventions that ideally are efficacious, safe, simply administered, and well tolerated. It is time to reevaluate existing therapeutic practices for this condition, which are circumventional (nonmechanistic), nonphysiologic, and possibly inhumane. Advancement in the field should derive from good scientific work and rigorous clinical evaluations of benefit vs risk balances of all current and upcoming therapeutic proposals.
In-situ OAM Direct Exporting (1999)

In-situ Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (IOAM) is used for
recording and collecting operational and telemetry information.
Specifically, IOAM allows telemetry data to be pushed into data
packets while they traverse the network. This document introduces a
new IOAM option type called the Direct Export (DEX) option, which is
used as a trigger for IOAM data to be directly exported to a collector
without being pushed into in-flight data packets.
Effect of Load Fluctuation in Data Transmission for Wireless Power Transfer (2012)

Recent interest in wireless power transfer research has been attracting a great deal of attention. To transfer power efficiently and safely in wireless power transfer system, information, such as frequency, required power and element values, need to be transmitted reliably. However, the bandwidth, which is used for exchanging information, is affected by the change of load at the receiver when it is charging. This paper investigates the effect of load fluctuation in data communication using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation in resonant-type wireless power transfer systems. The equivalent circuit used in the transmitting and receiving antennas is a band pass filter (BPF) and its bandwidth is evaluated through circuit simulations. Numerical results obtained through computer simulation show that the bit error rate (BER) performance in the presence of the load fluctuation is affected by the power efficiency at feeding end.
Effect of electromigration on mechanical shock behavior in solder joints of surface mounted chip components (2014)

The mechanical shock behavior of Sn–Ag–Bi–In (SABI) solder has been investigated by micro-Charpy impact test after subjecting the solder to high electric current stress. A trace amount of Co added (0.1 wt %) is used as a refiner in the SABI solder, and the joint soldered by conventional reflow exhibits a refined grain microstructure. The SABI+Co joint exhibits higher toughness, i.e., 70% more energy is absorbed during impact than a typical SABI joint. After 80 h of 20 A electric current applied at 160 °C, electromigration (EM) is observed in both the SABI and SABI+Co joints. However, the SABI+Co joint exhibits a constant mechanical strength, while the typical SABI joint exhibits a strength decreased by 16% at the Charpy absorption energy. The mechanical strength improved by Co addition implies that microstructure refinement is useful for enhancing the EM resistance of a solder joint structure for surface mount packaging.
Image retrieval based on complex descriptive queries (2011)

The amount of visual data such as images and videos available over web has increased exponentially over the last few years. In order to efficiently organize and exploit these massive collections, a system, apart from being able to answer simple classification based questions such as whether a specific object is present (or absent) in an image, should also be capable of searching images and videos based on more complex descriptive questions. There is also a considerable amount of structure present in the visual world which, if effectively utilized, can help achieve this goal. To this end, we first present an approach for image ranking and retrieval based on queries consisting of multiple semantic attributes. We further show that there are significant correlations present between these attributes and accounting for them can lead to superior performance. Next, we extend this by proposing an image retrieval framework for descriptive queries composed of object categories, semantic attributes and spatial relationships. The proposed framework also includes a unique multi-view hashing technique, which enables query specification in three different modalities—image, sketch and text. 
We also demonstrate the effectiveness of leveraging contextual information to reduce the supervision requirements for learning object and scene recognition models. We present an active learning framework to simultaneously learn appearance and contextual models for scene understanding. Within this framework we introduce new kinds of labeling questions that are designed to collect appearance as well as contextual information and which mimic the way in which humans actively learn about their environment. Furthermore we explicitly model the contextual interactions between the regions within an image and select the question which leads to the maximum reduction in the combined entropy of all the regions in the image (image entropy).
Thiol-Containing Polysilsesquioxane Liquid and Photocurable Sulfur-Containing Transparent Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Monoliths Obtained via Cosolvent-Free Hydrolytic Polycondensation (2013)

Abstract Cosolvent-free hydrolytic polycondensation of trimethoxy(3-sulfanylpropyl)silane under acidic conditions was found to yield thiol-containing polysilsesquioxane (PSQ) liquid. The resultant PSQ liquid is stable at room temperature and serves as a precursor of sulfur-containing transparent organic–inorganic hybrid monoliths prepared via ultraviolet (UV) photoinduced thiol–ene reaction. The factors that determine the UV transparency of the hybrids were investigated. Sulfur-containing organic–inorganic hybrids showing good transparency in the UV spectral region are obtained using a vinyl compound, which is transparent around the UV absorption edge of thiol groups.
Destruction of Ethidium Bromide in Solution by Ozonolysis (1988)

Ethidium bromide can be rapidly destroyed in aqueous solutions or in isoamyl alcohol by ozonolysis in the presence of H2O2 to give a mixture of organic acids. In a variety of buffers commonly used in recombinant DNA technology destruction of ethidium bromide was more than 99.9%. The yellow reaction mixture after ozonolysis was shown to be nonmutagenic. This method may be used in laboratories for the disposal of ethidium bromide wastes.
Error Awareness in a Multi-Layer Transport Network Operating System (2018)

Software-defined control based on a network operating system combined with flexible-bitrate optical transponders allows near zero-margin operation of optical networks to &#x201C;squeeze&#x201D; as much capacity out of a link as possible. Since their inception, optical transport networks have been designed with the assumption that operational optical links must essentially be error free after applying forward error correction. However, operating close to zero system margin increases the likelihood that error bursts may occur on a link. In this work, we explore the possibility of utilizing optical links with a low level of burst errors to carry error-tolerant services. This requires monitoring the amount of link errors so that new error-aware service-level agreements can be met. To determine acceptable error levels for a service, we introduce and demonstrate the measurement of service-specific performance maps, such as the flow-completion time map, based on physical-layer parameters such as the average bit-error ratio. This allows us to demonstrate error-aware intents in a multi-layer transport network operating system with service differentiation so that error-intolerant traffic can be migrated away from a link with errors while keeping the more error-tolerant traffic on the link. We specifically study the application of data-center interconnection as a service with potential tolerance to links with errors and measure the flow-completion times and ping-loss ratios for flows on such a link. On our testbed network, we show that the data-center interconnection throughput can be essentially doubled over a range of 7 orders of magnitude in bit-error ratio compared to the present mode of network operation.