gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pear Transformed with a Lytic Peptide Gene for Disease Control Affects Nontarget Organism, Pear Psylla (Homoptera: Psyllidae) (2002)

The biology and behavior of pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola Foerster, on a transgenic clone of 'Bartlett' pear, Pyrus communis L., containing a synthetic antimicrobial gene, D5C1, was compared with that of a nontransgenic parental clone to determine whether there were any nontarget effects. The gene construct also contained the marker gene nptII (aminoglycoside 3'-phosphotransferase II) that encodes for antibiotic resistance to identify transformed plants. The purpose of the original transformation was to enhance pear resistance to the bacterial disease fireblight caused by Erwinia amylovora (Burr.) Winslow et al. The biology and behavior of pear psylla on a transgenic clone were compared with a nontransgenic parental pear clone in short- (< or = 7-d) and long-term (32-d) studies. Short-term studies indicated pear psylla adults preferred to settle and oviposit, and nymphs fed more and developed slightly faster, on transgenic pear compared with nontransgenic pear. In contrast, a long-term study on psylla colony development showed considerably fewer eggs, nymphs, and adults were produced on transgenic pear. Although adults reared on transgenic pear did not have weight affected, females produced fewer eggs and nymphal hatch was significantly reduced on the transgenic pear clone. Our results suggest that pear psylla biology and behavior are initially enhanced on this transgenic pear clone. However, chronic exposure of psylla populations to transformed pear plants that express the nptII marker and lytic peptide genes had detrimental effects on pear psylla reproductive biology. Field studies would be required to determine the specific effects of each gene on pear psylla biology and behavior and whether these effects would be expressed under natural conditions. The four-fold reduction in psylla population levels that resulted on this disease resistant transgenic pear line would be an added benefit to a pear integrated pest management (IPM) program. Overall, this study demonstrates that genetically altering plants to control one particular organism can have unintentional yet beneficial effects against other nontarget pest organisms in agricultural crops.
A importância da Associação dos Arquivistas da Paraíba como instrumento de fortalecimento e visibilidade profissional (2020)

Este estudo aborda como o associativismo profissional arquivístico tem sido discutido de forma mais recorrente entre as temáticas na área arquivística, sendo considerado atualmente como o principal percurso para o fortalecimento dessa classe profissional. Em particular, com este estudo busca-se avaliar a importância do associativismo profissional arquivista no estado da Paraíba. Adota-se uma abordagem qualiquantitativa de natureza descritiva, tomando como objeto de estudo os arquivistas formados no período de 2015 a 2018 na Universidade Estadual da Paraíba e na Universidade Federal da Paraíba, bem como os arquivistas filiados à Associação de Arquivistas da Paraíba. O instrumento de coleta de dados escolhido foi o Formulários Google, e os formulários foram aplicados via e-mail. Os Arquivistas, egressos das duas instituições, acreditam que o principal caminho para que a classe dos arquivistas se fortaleça é o associativismo, mas que o número de associados à Associação de Arquivistas da Paraíba, ainda é relativamente baixo, o que talvez se deva, de acordo com as respostas dos egressos ao fato de a associação ser relativamente discreta em suas atividades e não publicizar tanto as suas ações. O associativismo é um caminho importante para a expansão da classe e deve ser abordado de forma mais recorrente. Além disso, às associações também precisam ser mais assíduas em difundir suas ações, tendo em vista obter um maior percentual de vinculados.
Novel CuIII Bis‐1,2‐dichalcogenene Complexes with Tunable 3D Framework through Alkaline Cation Coordination: A Structural and Theoretical Study (2004)

The deprotonated form of the ligands pyrazine-2,3-diselenol (pds) and pyrazine-2,3-dithiol (pdt) react with Cu(ClO(4))(2).6 H(2)O to form different Cu(III) complexes Na[Cu(III)(pds)(2)].2 H(2)O (1), Li[Cu(III)(pds)(2)].3 H(2)O (2), and Na[Cu(III)(pdt)(2)].2 H(2)O (4) depending on the countercation compound used as deprotonating agent (NaOH, LiOH). Two other Cu(III) complexes were obtained by replacement of the alkali metal cations with tetrabutylammonium (TBA(+)), namely, TBA[Cu(III)(pds)(2)] (3), and TBA[Cu(III)(pdt)(2)] (5). All complexes were characterized by (1)H and (13)C NMR and IR spectroscopy, electronic absorption, elemental analysis, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and X-ray crystallography. Electrical conductivity measurements on single crystals show that these salts exhibit insulating behavior. The crystal structure of these species revealed a lateral coordination capability of the N atoms of the pyrazine ring of both pds and pdt ligands towards the alkali metal ions, which leads to the build up of a net of coordinative bonds, hydrogen bonds, and contacts that result in the final 3D structure. Two parameters control the crystal engineering of the final 3D structures: the nature of the alkali metal countercation and the nature of the chalcogen atom (Se/S), which allow fine-tuning of complex 3D crystal lattice. Density functional calculations were performed on the [Cu(pds)(2)] and [Cu(pdt)(2)] systems to investigate the electronic structure of the complexes and understand their electronic and electrochemical behavior by studying the frontier molecular orbitals. This study also reveals whether the redox processes take place on the ligands or on the metal center, a question under continuous discussion in the literature.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Pyromellitic Diimide-Based Polymer with C- and N-Main Chain Links: Matrix for Solution-Processable n-Channel Field-Effect Transistors (2011)

A highly soluble pyromellitic diimide-based polymer was obtained through imidization polymerization. The novel architecture features diimide subunits linked alternately at 3-6 and N,N' positions. The polymer is highly transparent in the near ultraviolet-visible regions. Smooth and uniform thin-films were obtained through spin-coating even after blending the polymer with PCBM in 1:9 polymer:PCBM weight ratio. While the polymer itself has modest electron mobility in typical bottom-gate top-contact OFETs, an electron mobility of 3 × 10(-3) cm(2)V(-1)s(-1) was achieved for the blend, which increased to 10(-2) cm(2)V(-1)s(-1) on exposure to propylamine. Thus, polyimides are demonstrated as promising binder materials for solution-processible n-channel semiconductor blends, of which very few examples are known.
Effect of Condensable Impurities in CO2/CH4 Gas Feeds on Carbon Molecular Sieve Hollow-Fiber Membranes (2003)

The presence of vapor impurities in gas streams presents problems for both polymeric and carbon materials. For natural gas processing applications, it is suspected that condensable hydrocarbons can cause significant performance declines for polymer membranes. This paper investigates the effect of these condensable vapor impurities on the performance of carbon molecular sieve (CMS) hollow-fiber membranes. Toluene and n-heptane were separately used as representative aromatic and paraffinic impurities, respectively, in 10% CO2/90% CH4 gas feed streams. Shell-side feed pressures of up to 900 psia and temperatures of 35 and 50 °C were used. Experimental results reveal that the CMS membranes maintained CO2/CH4 selectivity with a maximum of 20% reduction in CO2 permeance during exposure to gas feeds containing these impurities, in comparison to “clean” gas feeds without these impurities. Furthermore, a simple in situ regeneration procedure of moderate heating (70−90 °C) with dry N2 purge gas resulted in almost complete recovery of CO2 permeance without loss of CO2/CH4 selectivity. Comparisons with polyimide membrane performance in similar adverse environments are also presented. The robustness and regeneration capabilities of the CMS fibers offer noteworthy advantages over polyimide fibers, which can display significant losses in membrane performance under similar conditions.
Colorless grating couplers realized by interleaving dispersion engineered subwavelength structures (2013)

We investigate the waveguide dispersion of subwavelength structures, and propose that the waveguide dispersion can be reduced by reducing the period of subwavelength structures. A 3 dB bandwidth increment of 20% has been observed by introducing this concept into previously demonstrated grating couplers. To fully exploit the bandwidth merits of the structures, gratings with interleaved subwavelength structures were designed and fabricated. Two typical types of interleaving geometries have been investigated. Both demonstrated a 1 dB bandwidth ∼70 nm, a 3 dB bandwidth ∼117 nm, and a peak efficiency ∼-5.1 dB at 1570 nm for transverse-electric polarized light. The simulation confirms that the dispersion engineering adds an extra 12 nm to the 1 dB bandwidth.
New isoflavones, inhibiting catechol-O-methyltransferase, produced by Streptomyces. (1975)

In the screening of catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors in streptomyces culture filtrates, three new isoflavones were isolated. Their structures were shown to be 3',5,7-trihydroxy-4',6-dimethoxyisoflavone (I), 3',5,7-trihydroxy-4',8-dimethoxyisoflavone (II), 3',8-dihydroxy-4',6,7-trimethoxyisoflavone (III). I and II inhibited both catechol-O-methyltransferase and dopa decarboxylase, and showed hypotensive action. III was a specific inhibitor of catechol-O-methyltransferase, and showed no hypotensive action.
Design of the Tracking Controller for Holographic Digital Data Storage (2009)

In this paper, we present a new tracking control method for holographic digital data storage systems. Holographic data storage systems that use disk media need a different tracking method from those that use optical and hard disk drives. Here, we present the design and implementation of the controller. Due to the intermittent characteristics of the tracking error signal (TES), the tracking controller is designed to regulate the tracking error only while valid TES is generated. Since the valid TES appears intermittently, we use a feedforward controller while the TES is not valid. Furthermore, the feedback control and the feedforward control are mode-switched depending on the RF sum signal level. We also show the stability of the closed-loop system employing the mode-switching controller. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed tracking control algorithm. For a ±100 ¿m repeatable run out at 1 Hz, we were able to reduce the TES to 3.13 ¿m (1¿) with mode-switching control.
Poly(ethylene glycol) (2015)

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On the Timing of Signals in Multisensory Integration and Crossmodal Interactions: a Scoping Review (2019)

A scoping review was undertaken to explore research investigating early interactions and integration of auditory and visual stimuli in the human brain. The focus was on methods used to study low-level multisensory temporal processing using simple stimuli in humans, and how this research has informed our understanding of multisensory perception. The study of multisensory temporal processing probes how the relative timing between signals affects perception. Several tasks, illusions, computational models, and neuroimaging techniques were identified in the literature search. Research into early audiovisual temporal processing in special populations was also reviewed. Recent research has continued to provide support for early integration of crossmodal information. These early interactions can influence higher-level factors, and vice versa. Temporal relationships between auditory and visual stimuli influence multisensory perception, and likely play a substantial role in solving the 'correspondence problem' (how the brain determines which sensory signals belong together, and which should be segregated).
3-Amino-5-bromo-2-iodopyridine (2008)

The reaction of 3-amino-5-bromo-pyridine with N-iodo-succinimide in the presence of acetic acid produces the title compound, C(5)H(4)BrIN, with an iodo substituent in position 2 of the pyridine ring. The crystal structure features rather weak inter-molecular N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds linking the mol-ecules into chains along the z axis of the crystal.
Sharing and community curation of mass spectrometry data with Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (2020)

The potential of the diverse chemistries present in natural products (NP) for biotechnology and medicine remains untapped because NP databases are not searchable with raw data and the NP community has no way to share data other than in published papers. Although mass spectrometry techniques are well-suited to high-throughput characterization of natural products, there is a pressing need for an infrastructure to enable sharing and curation of data. We present Global Natural Products Social molecular networking (GNPS, http://gnps.ucsd.edu), an open-access knowledge base for community wide organization and sharing of raw, processed or identified tandem mass (MS/MS) spectrometry data. In GNPS crowdsourced curation of freely available community-wide reference MS libraries will underpin improved annotations. Data-driven social-networking should facilitate identification of spectra and foster collaborations. We also introduce the concept of ‘living data’ through continuous reanalysis of deposited data.
Animal Models of Hepatitis Delta Virus Infection and Disease (2001)

Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a defective RNA virus with similarities to unusual subviral pathogens of higher plants. It requires hepatitis B virus (HBV) for its replication/transmission, and HBV-infected humans are the only established host. HDV causes both severe acute hepatitis and rapidly progressive chronic disease in some individuals. The HDV life cycle involves remarkable features, such as ribozyme- mediated autocatalytic processes, Pol II-directed RNA synthesis from a single-stranded circular RNA template, and RNA editing. Much of our understanding of the nature of this pathogen derives from experimental studies in the chimpanzee model of HBV infection. The hepadnavirus-infected eastern woodchuck also is capable of supporting HDV replication and offers opportunities for the development of control strategies that might be applicable to human type D hepatitis.
Novel duplex vapor-electrochemical method for silicon solar cells. Quarterly progress report No. 7, August 1, 1977--October 31, 1977 (1977)

Silicon obtained by the SiF/sub 4/-Na reaction was analyzed by spark source mass spectrometry (SSMS). A partial listing of the results is given below. The concentration units in parentheses are ppM wt. B(0.1), Al(0.8), Ga(0.06), P(0.2), F(0.1), Na(1.0), V(0.04), Mo(0.3), Ti(2.0), Zr(2.0), Mn(0.1), Ni(2.0), Zn(0.01), Cu(20.0), Cr(11.0), Fe(55.0). An excellent starting material for silicon solar cells is obtained on the basis of the low levels of B, Al, Ga, P and As. The source of the Fe and Cr is suspected to be the stainless steel container for liquid sodium. An independent check for the phosphorus content in Sample 2-19 was made by a wet colorimetric method and was found to be 90 parts per billion (ppB), in reasonable agreement with the SSMS result of 20 ppB. Silicon samples prepared from induction melted powder were evaluated for electrical properties using four-point probe conductivity and thermoelectric methods. The solid silicon in Sample 2-19 was found to be p-type and ranged in resistivity between 0.1 and 0.5 ohm cm. A stainless steel reactor was designed and fabricated to perform the SiF/sub 4/-Na reaction under P/sub SiF/sub 4// greater than 1 atmosphere. The amount of silicon produced was increased from 25 g per batch (in the glass reactor) to greater than 70 g per batch in the stainless steel reactor. The study of the effects of reaction variables such as P/sub SiF/sub 4// and maximum temperature attained on the particle size of silicon powder showed that the silicon particle size tends to grow larger with increasing pressure of the SiF/sub 4/ gas in the reaction system.
Protein synthesis of the pro-inflammatory S100A8/A9 complex in plasmacytoid dendritic cells and cell surface S100A8/A9 on leukocyte subpopulations in systemic lupus erythematosus (2011)

Patients with SLE had increased cell surface S100A8/A9, which could be important in amplification and persistence of inflammation. Importantly, pDCs were able to synthesize S100A8/A9 proteins and up-regulate the cell surface expression upon immune complex-stimulation. Thus, S100A8/A9 may be a potent target for treatment of inflammatory diseases such as SLE.
A 310 k pixel bipolar imager (BASIS) (2003)

A bipolar imager with an amplification function in each pixel has been developed using BiCMOS technology. The imager, which stores photocarriers in the base regions of the bipolar transistor pixels, is called the base-stored image sensor (BASIS). BASIS-type devices have been faced with three problems: (1) a reset transistor is needed in each pixel to initialize base voltage; (2) nonuniformity of offset voltage appears as fixed pattern noise; and (3) blooming is induced by intense light. Effective methods of dealing with these problems have been found. A BASIS imager with 310 k pixels in a 2/3-in optical format is described. The device specifications and characteristics of the imager are summarized.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Tissue factor/factor VIIa inhibitors block angiogenesis and tumor growth through a nonhemostatic mechanism. (2003)

An association between cancer and thrombosis has been recognized for more than a century. However, the manner by which tumor growth is regulated by coagulation in vivo remains unclear. To assess the role of coagulation on tumor growth, in vivo, we tested coagulation inhibitors specific for either tissue factor (TF)/factor VIIa (fVIIa) complexes or factor Xa (fXa) for antitumor activity. Here, we show that two inhibitors of TF/fVIIa, TF pathway inhibitor (TFPI) and the nematode anticoagulant protein rNAPc2, inhibit both primary and metastatic tumor growth in mice. In addition, we show that rNAPc2 is also a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis. In contrast, rNAP5, a second nematode anticoagulant protein that specifically inhibits fXa, does not exhibit antitumor activity. Because the hemostatic activity of TF/fVIIa is mediated through activation of fXa, these data suggest that proteolytic activity of TF/fVIIa promotes tumor growth and angiogenesis through a novel proangiogenic mechanism and independently of hemostasis.
Age-Related Changes and/or Diseases in the Human Retina (2008)

As people grow older, changes in the retina occur as part of the natural course of aging. Additional changes in the retina come from pathological causes, for which an ophthalmology specialist may be asked to evaluate and treat. Often patients will present to an eye doctor with complaints of worsening vision or visual distortions that cannot be accounted for by media opacity (cataract) or refractive error. A solid working knowledge of the normal age-related changes of the retina, as well as a firm understanding of clinically relevant age-related pathology, will help any eye physician manage the aging patient population. The aim of this study is not only to fully understand the senile involution of retinal structures that allows us to observe the wonders of the world, but also to keep these structures intact for as long as possible. An increasing number of elderly give a good cause for investigation of age-related changes and/or diseases in the human retina. This chapter describes the major age-related changes and diseases of the human retina in aged people. The first part of the chapter deals with common lesions in the senile retina, while the second part describes the major diseases of the senile retina.
Parallel multi-frequency narrowband active noise control systems (2009)

This paper analyzes and optimizes narrowband active noise control systems using multiple second-order adaptive filters. Theoretical analysis of the overall parallel structure is based on autocorrelation and cross-correlation matrices. Analytical result shows the use of single error signal to update all adaptive filters with different input signals will introduce extra tonal components in the residual noise. An optimized algorithm that uses bandpass filters to split the fullband error signal into multiple bandlimited subband error signals according to the frequencies of reference signals is developed to improve steady-state performance.
Conformations of Unfolded S. cerevisiae Cytochrome c Probed by Fluorescence Energy Transfer Kinetics (2004)

Abstract Employing fluorescence energy transfer kinetics, we have shown that substantial populations of compact molecules are present in GuHCl‐denatured CX‐dansyl‐labeled (X = 39, 85, 102) S. cerevisiae iso‐1 cytochrome c . Fully 40% of unfolded molecules are in compact conformations in the C39 protein.
ChemInform Abstract: HOST‐GUEST COMPLEXATION. 31. A TRANSACYLASE PARTIAL MIMIC (1984)

Abstract Die ersten beiden "Struktur‐Stufen" auf einem schrittweise aufbauenden Weg zur Synthese von Wirts‐Molekülen, die die Eigenschaften von Serin‐Transacylasen nachahmen, werden beschrieben.
NUCLEAR HYPERFINE STRUCTURE IN $\tilde{A} \leftarrow \bar{X}$ TRANSITIONS OF Cd-R (R=H,$CH_{3}$) (1993)

Jet cooled, high resolution ($&lt; 140$ MHz) spectra have been recorded for $\\bar{A} ^{2}E_{1/2} \\leftarrow \\bar{X} ^{2}A_{1}$ transition of $CdCH_{3}$ and for both spin-orbit components of the $A ^{2}\\Pi \\leftarrow X\\,^{2}\\Sigma^{+}$ transition of CdH. Hyperfine structure due to $^{111}Cd$ and $^{113}Cd$, both with $1 = 1/2$, is observed in both species. Additionally, CdH reveals hydrogen hyperfine splitting. The spectra from both species have been fit to a model that includes Fermi contact, electronic-nuclear dipolar and nuclear spinelectronic orbit interactions. The fitted parameters are compared to previous matrix ESR $studies^{1}$ of X CdH and provide further support for the $\\tilde{A} \\leftarrow \\bar{X}$ transition being principally metal centered $(Cd 5p_{x,y} \\leftarrow 5s)$ in both of these species.