gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
INCREASED INTRAGRAFT ANGIOTENSINOGEN GENE EXPRESSION IN POST-TRANSPLANT RECURRENT FSGS (1998)

3 We have initiated studies to test the hypothesis that altered intra-renal NFκB regulation and increased expression of NFκB-regulated proteins such as IL-8 and angiotensinogen are involved in the pathogenesis of post-transplant recurrent FSGS. IκBα binds to NFκB, preventing this nuclear factor from upregulating the expression of proinflammatory proteins. Steroids enhance IκBα gene expression. Altered NFκB regulation could result in increased expression of NFκB-regulated factors, allowing pathological processes to be resistant to steroid therapy. We used reverse transcription-assisted competitive PCR to quantify the magnitude of intragraft gene expression of NFκB (p65), IκBα, angiotensinogen, and IL-8 in 65 pediatric renal allograft biopsies including 20 with FSGS and 45 without FSGS. Results are expressed as mean ± s.e. for the quantitative ratio of target gene expression corrected for expression of GAPDH. Our results show elevated intragraft expression of NFκB/IκBα ratio, IL-8, and angiotensinogen in FSGS vs. NON-FSGS, although only angiotensinogen reached statistical significance: TableIn order to perform combined gene analysis, samples were deemed positive for a target gene if the amount of target gene expression was above the 95% upper confidence limit of gene expression for NON-FSGS. Samples positive for 2 or more target genes were separated from samples positive for one or no genes. Of all the FSGS samples, 55% of samples were observed in the group with ≥ 2 genes positive while only 17.8% of NON-FSGS samples were observed in this group (χ2 = 9.274, p<0.005). These preliminary results demonstrate altered expression of NFκB and NFκB-regulated proteins in post-transplant recurrent FSGS. It is likely that altered NFκB regulation accounts for the variable clinical picture of recurrent FSGS post-transplantation. Angiotensin II, the final end-product of angiotensinogen may mediate the steroid-resistant proteinuria and progressive glomerular damage characteristic of this disorder. Further correlation of intragraft IL-8 and angiotensinogen gene expression with clinical status will provide opportunities for innovative therapeutic trials.
Pulmonary vein triggers, focal sources, rotors and atrial cardiomyopathy: implications for the choice of the most effective ablation therapy (2016)

Understanding of the pathophysiological mechanism(s) underlying atrial fibrillation (AF) is the foundation on which current ablation strategies are built. In the vast majority of patients with paroxysmal AF, the ablation procedure should target the pulmonary veins. In patients with nonparoxysmal AF, however, pulmonary vein isolation alone seems to be insufficient to prevent the arrhythmia. Several recent clinical trials have investigated the concept that rotors (re-entry based on a meandering central core from which spiral waves emanate) might be the mechanism responsible for sustaining AF. Ablation of these localized AF sources is an important step towards substrate-driven procedures in persistent AF. Hybrid AF ablation procedures, based on the integration of endocardial transcatheter and epicardial off-pump surgical techniques, have been introduced to overcome their mutual shortcomings. The long-term results are encouraging, especially in currently challenging settings such as nonparoxysmal AF and failed endocardial catheter ablation procedures.
Umkodierung des genetischen Codes mit Selenocystein (2013)

Abstract Der Selenocystein(Sec)‐Einbau in Proteine erfolgt in der Natur durch die kotranslationale Umkodierung eines UGA‐Stopp‐Codons. Diese Studie zeigt nun, dass Sec nicht ausschließlich durch UGA, sondern vielmehr durch 58 aller 64 möglichen Codons kodiert werden kann. Hierbei erlauben 15 Codons nicht nur die vollständige Umkodierung von ihrer ursprünglichen Bedeutung als kanonische Aminosäure zu Selenocystein, sondern sie führen zu Proteinausbeuten, die um mehr als das Zehnfache gesteigert sind. Der hoch effiziente Mechanismus zur Selenocystein‐Rekodierung wird anhand zweier Reporterenzyme, der Escherichia‐coli‐ Formiatdehydrogenase und der humanen Thioredoxinreduktase, beschrieben. Da der Selenocysteineinbau an der Position eines UGA‐Stopp‐Codons zwangsläufig mit translationaler Termination konkurriert, war es umso erstaunlicher, dass die Selenocystein‐Einbaumaschinerie während der Umkodierung von Sense‐Codons erfolgreich mit den im Überfluss vorhandenen regulären Aminoacyl‐tRNAs konkurriert.
Adaptive SENSE reconstruction for parallel imaging with massive array coils (2005)

This work presents an adaptive SENSE reconstruction method for parallel magnetic resonance imaging with a large number of localized coils. This method uses a Gaussian model to obtain improved coil sensitivity estimate. For image reconstruction, it dynamically selects a subset of receiver channels, in a pixel-by-pixel fashion, to improve computational efficiency and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Computer simulations and real experiments show that the proposed method reconstructs images with reduced artifacts and higher SNR than the SENSE method.
Characterization of a polymeric PLGA-injectable implant delivery system for the controlled release of proteins (2000)

Physico-chemical properties of injectable polymeric implant systems, based on the principle that a water-insoluble polymer dissolved in a biocompatible solvent will precipitate upon contact with water, were studied and utilized to predict the release of proteins from these systems. Polylactide-co-glycolide copolymer (PLGA) and glycofurol were chosen since they both have pharmaceutical precedence. Changes in polymer composition, its weight percent in solution, molecular weight, and protein loading level were assessed to provide formulations with the desired release rates and duration of release.
Development of a Silicon Photonics-based Light Source for Compact Resonator Fiber Optic Gyroscopes (2019)

This paper covers latest progress in the development and testing of a Silicon Photonics (SiP) based three-laser source for use in a next generation compact resonator fiber optic gyroscope (RFOG) targeted for commercial navigation applications. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the development of compact RFOGs using phase locked diode lasers and miniaturized optics on a silicon optical bench (SiOB). While we have been able to demonstrate near or at civil navigation grade performance with the technology, one of our biggest remaining hurdles is to do so using a miniaturized SiP-based multi-frequency laser source. Here we discuss the development of a compact SiP-based three-laser source based on a low-noise implementation of the Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) method and comprising high-bandwidth optical phase-locked loops. These are highly coherent narrow linewidth lasers with very low differential frequency noise, which is essential to achieve the desired performance. For the first time ever, we demonstrate RFOG performance with a compact SiP-based multi-frequency laser source. Test results including angle random walk and bias results are presented and compared against past discrete laser and optic configurations.
Studies on the Transposable Element Tyl of Yeast: II. Recombination and Expression of Tyl and Adjacent Sequences (1981)

Molecular analysis of a dispersed repeated-sequence family poses several problems not associated with the study of single-copy genes. The duplication of genetic information may result in no scorable phenotype for a mutation in one member of the family. The coding sequences of all the members of the family will anneal with a hybridization probe derived from a single member of the family. The transcription products may be distinguishable only at the level of nucleotide sequence.
Halon Thermochemistry:  Ab Initio Calculations of the Enthalpies of Formation of Fluoromethanes (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionHalon Thermochemistry: Ab Initio Calculations of the Enthalpies of Formation of FluoromethanesR. J. Berry, D. R. F. Burgess, M. R. Nyden, M. R. Zachariah, and M. SchwartzCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1996, 100, 5, 1984Publication Date (Web):February 1, 1996Publication History Published online1 February 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://doi.org/10.1021/jp9534242Copyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views176Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (29 KB) Get e-Alerts
Development of Incremental Forming by Simultaneous Control of Bending and Twisting (2023)

In the press forming of various small-quantity products used in social infrastructure products, the increase in forming cost and die adjustment based on expert know-how have become issues. For these reasons, the development of flexible forming technology has been promoted. In this study, from the application viewpoints of high accuracy and cost reduction for the impeller used in the pump and the compressor, we have developed an incremental method that sequentially repeats bend and twist forming accomplished with a pair of straight punches and a pair of clamps. Since this method incrementally forms the material, the shape error of the final shape becomes the accumulation of forming errors in each forming element. Thus, in the forming of each element, in-process shape evaluation and feedback to the forming conditions are performed. To achieve this, we constructed a process control system with shape correction and a condition database, using the amount of bending and twisting, and the spacing between the two linear punches as process control factors. In addition, we developed new forming equipment with the process control system and verified its use in the forming of impeller blades (approx. overall length 210 mm). As a result of the shape evaluation of the formed blades, while an error of 0.5 to 1.0 mm occurred at the edges of the segment line, the error in almost regions of the formed blades was within ± 0.5 mm. Thus, it was confirmed that forming can be performed flexibly without using a pair of punches and clamps.
Short-range wireless communications and reliability (2011)

Even though there is no universally accepted definition, short-range wireless communications typically refers to a wide variety of technologies with communication ranges from a few centimeters to several hundreds of meters. While the last three decades of the wireless industry have been mostly dominated by cellular systems, short-range wireless devices have gradually become a more integrated part of our everyday lives over the last decade. The Wireless World Research Forum (WWRF) envisions that this trend will accelerate in the upcoming years: by the year 2017, it is expected that seven billion people in the world will be using seven trillion wireless devices [1]. The majority of these devices will be short-range wireless devices that interconnect people with each other and their environments.While the reliability of wireless communication systems has been studied in detail in the past, a comprehensive study of different factors affecting reliability for short-range wireless systems and how they can be handled is not available in the literature, to date. The present book intends to fill this gap by covering important reliability problems for short-range wireless communication systems. The scope of the contributions in the book is mostly within the domain of wireless personal area networks (WPANs) and wireless sensor networks (WSNs), and issues related to wireless local area networks (WLANs) are not specifically treated.Due to the differences in application scenarios, quality of service (QoS) requirements, signaling models, and different error sources and mitigation approaches, the high-rate and low-rate systems will be addressed in separate parts of the book. © Cambridge University Press 2011.
Electrical network model for SPRITE detectors (1991)

Impedance measurements were made on SPRITE (signal processing in the element) detectors. The resistive contributions were found to contain a contact resistance term, along with a term proportional to the semiconductor material length between terminals. The capacitive contributions were strongly frequency dependent and were largely independent of material length. This behavior would appear to be caused by nonohmic contacts at the metal-semiconductor interfaces where the SPRITE is bonded to its external electrical connections. When the SPRITEs were illuminated, the resistance decreased as expected, but the capacitance showed a sizable increase as well. A <i>T</i>-network model is developed that is consistent with the set of two-terminal impedance measurements. A model of this type should provide a useful starting point for electronics optimizations in SPRITE systems, including the design of the bias source, the readout mechanism, and the preamplifier.
24% Power reduction by post-fabrication dual supply voltage control of 64 voltage domains in V<inf>DDmin</inf> limited ultra low voltage logic circuits (2012)

A post-fabrication dual supply voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> ) control (PDVC) of multiple voltage domains is proposed for a minimum operating voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DDmin</sub> )-limited ultra low voltage logic circuits. PDVC effectively reduces an average V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> below V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DDmin</sub> , thereby reducing the power consumption of logic circuits. PDVC is applied to a DES CODEC'S circuit fabricated in 65nm CMOS. The layout of DES CODEC'S is divided into 64 V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> domains and each domain size is 54μm × 63.2μm. High V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DDH</sub> ) or low V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DDL</sub> ) is applied to each domain and the selection of V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> 's is performed based on multiple built-in self tests. V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DDH</sub> is selected in V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DDmin</sub> -critical domains, while V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DDL</sub> is selected in V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DDmin</sub> -non-critical domains. A maximum 24% power reduction was measured with the proposed PDVC at 300kHz, V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DDH</sub> = 3D437mV, and V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DDL</sub> = 3D397mV.
End user software engineering (2009)

End users create software whenever they write, for instance, educational simulations, spreadsheets, or dynamic e-business web applications. Researchers are working to bring the benefits of rigorous software engineering methodologies to these end users to try to make their software more reliable. Unfortunately, errors are pervasive in end-user software, and the resulting impact is sometimes enormous. This special interest group meeting will bring together the community of researchers who are addressing this topic with the companies that are creating and using end-user programming tools.
To Gaze with Undimmed Eyes on All Darkness [IP Corner] (2014)

Seeking inspiration for this month?s column, I noticed that Samsung has withdrawn its ?Smart Scroll? technology from the Galaxy S5. On reading a bit more, I noted that it may still be available on some versions of the phone, but even where it is still available, it is well hidden and is no longer promoted as a significant feature. What happened? Why did such an apparently cool feature get pushed into the background after being one of the main selling points of the Galaxy S4 smartphone?
Observation of quantum-limited heat conduction over macroscopic\n distances (2015)

The emerging quantum technological apparatuses [1,2], such as the quantum\ncomputer [3-5], call for extreme performance in thermal engineering at the\nnanoscale [6]. Importantly, quantum mechanics sets a fundamental upper limit\nfor the flow of information and heat, which is quantified by the quantum of\nthermal conductance [7,8]. The physics of this kind of quantum-limited heat\nconduction has been experimentally studied for lattice vibrations, or phonons\n[9], for electromagnetic interactions [10], and for electrons [11]. However,\nthe short distance between the heat-exchanging bodies in the previous\nexperiments hinders the applicability of these systems in quantum technology.\nHere, we present experimental observations of quantum-limited heat conduction\nover macroscopic distances extending to a metre. We achieved this striking\nimprovement of four orders of magnitude in the distance by utilizing microwave\nphotons travelling in superconducting transmission lines. Thus it seems that\nquantum-limited heat conduction has no fundamental restriction in its distance.\nThis work lays the foundation for the integration of normal-metal components\ninto superconducting transmission lines, and hence provides an important tool\nfor circuit quantum electrodynamics [12-14], which is the basis of the emerging\nsuperconducting quantum computer [15]. In particular, our results demonstrate\nthat cooling of nanoelectronic devices can be carried out remotely with the\nhelp of a far-away engineered heat sink. In addition, quantum-limited heat\nconduction plays an important role in the contemporary studies of\nthermodynamics such as fluctuation relations and Maxwell's demon [16,17]. Here,\nthe long distance provided by our results may, for example, lead to an ultimate\nefficiency of mesoscopic heat engines with promising practical applications\n[18].\n
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Aging and sleep deprivation induce the unfolded protein response in the pancreas: implications for metabolism. (2014)

Sleep disruption has detrimental effects on glucose metabolism through pathways that remain poorly defined. Although numerous studies have examined the consequences of sleep deprivation (SD) in the brain, few have directly tested its effects on peripheral organs. We examined several tissues in mice for induction of the unfolded protein response (UPR) following acute SD. In young animals, we found a robust induction of BiP in the pancreas, indicating an active UPR. At baseline, pancreata from aged animals exhibited a marked increase in a pro-apoptotic transcription factor, CHOP, that was amplified by SD, whereas BiP induction was not observed, suggesting a maladaptive response to cellular stress with age. Acute SD increased plasma glucose levels in both young and old animals. However, this change was not overtly related to stress in the pancreatic beta cells, as plasma insulin levels were not lower following acute SD. Accordingly, animals subjected to acute SD remained tolerant to a glucose challenge. In a chronic SD experiment, young mice were found to be sensitized to insulin and have improved glycemic control, whereas aged animals became hyperglycemic and failed to maintain appropriate plasma insulin concentrations. Our results show that both age and SD cooperate to induce the UPR in pancreatic tissue. While changes in insulin secretion are unlikely to play a major role in the acute effects of SD, CHOP induction in pancreatic tissues suggests that chronic SD may contribute to the loss or dysfunction of endocrine cells and that these effects may be exacerbated by normal aging. © 2013 The Authors. Aging Cell published by the Anatomical Society and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. PMID: 24102714 Funding information This work was supported by: NIDDK NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: DK 19525 NIA NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: AG23500 NIA NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R21 AG032500 NIDDK NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: P30 DK019525
A 1.6 kb/s MELP coder for wireless communications (2002)

This paper describes our new mixed excitation linear predictive (MELP) coder designed for wireless applications. This new coder, through algorithmic improvements and enhanced quantization techniques, produces better speech quality at 1.6 kb/s than the new U.S. Federal Standard MELP coder at 2.4 kb/s. A key feature of the coder is a novel line spectral frequencies (LSF) quantization scheme, requiring only 20 bits per frame. With channel coding (using convolutional codes), the new MELP coder at 3.1 kb/s is capable of maintaining good speech quality even in very degraded channels.
Evaluation of video summarization for a large number of cameras in ubiquitous home (2005)

A system for video summarization in a ubiquitous environment is presented. Data from pressure-based floor sensors are clustered to segment footsteps of different persons. Video handover has been implemented to retrieve a continuous video showing a person moving in the environment. Several methods for extracting key frames from the resulting video sequences have been implemented, and evaluated by experiments. It was found that most of the key frames the human subjects desire to see could be retrieved using an adaptive algorithm based on camera changes and the number of footsteps within the view of the same camera. The system consists of a graphical user interface that can be used to retrieve video summaries interactively using simple queries.
Homochiral Metal–Organic Frameworks for Enantioselective Separations in Liquid Chromatography (2019)

Selective separation of enantiomers is a substantial challenge for the pharmaceutical industry. Chromatography on chiral stationary phases is the standard method, but at a very high cost for industrial-scale purification due to the high cost of the chiral stationary phases. Typically, these materials are poorly robust, expensive to manufacture, and often too specific for a single desired substrate, lacking desirable versatility across different chiral analytes. Here, we disclose a porous, robust homochiral metal-organic framework (MOF), <b>TAMOF-1</b>, built from copper(II) and an affordable linker prepared from natural l-histidine. <b>TAMOF-1</b> has shown to be able to separate a variety of model racemic mixtures, including drugs, in a wide range of solvents of different polarity, outperforming several commercial chiral columns for HPLC separations. Although not exploited in the present article, it is worthy to mention that the preparation of this new material is scalable to the multikilogram scale, opening unprecedented possibilities for low-energy chiral separation at the industrial scale.