gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On Suggesting Phrases vs. Predicting Words for Mobile Text Composition (2016)

A system capable of suggesting multi-word phrases while someone is writing could supply ideas about content and phrasing and allow those ideas to be inserted efficiently. Meanwhile, statistical language modeling has provided various approaches to predicting phrases that users type. We introduce a simple extension to the familiar mobile keyboard suggestion interface that presents phrase suggestions that can be accepted by a repeated-tap gesture. In an extended composition task, we found that phrases were interpreted as suggestions that affected the content of what participants wrote more than conventional single-word suggestions, which were interpreted as predictions. We highlight a design challenge: how can a phrase suggestion system make valuable suggestions rather than just accurate predictions'
Meet the PAREO Functions: Towards Reliable and Available Wireless Networks (2020)

Deterministic networking allows carrying data flows with low data-loss rates and with bounded latency. A typical use-case is the convergence of Operational Technology (OT) with Information Technology (IT), also known as the Industrial Internet. Wireless networks operate on a shared communication medium where the potential external interference along with multi-path fading impact data packet delivery. By employing diversity in the time, frequency and spatial domains, wireless technologies with scheduled transmissions, such as IEEE Std 802.15.4-2015 Time Slot Channel Hopping (TSCH), can mitigate those effects and provide Reliable and Available Wireless (RAW) communications that approach determinism. Nevertheless, a radio link operating in the ISM band still needs to handle collisions and possibly re-transmission. Therefore, It takes redundant links and paths to provide both the high availability and the near consistent reliability that industrial applications require. In this paper, we present the Packet Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ), Replication and Elimination (RE), and Overhearing (PAREO) functions to further increase the Quality of Service (QoS) in industrial networks, even when implemented on top of best-effort traffic in a shared network. The results show that PAREO provides up to approximately 6 times lower Packet Error Rate (PER) and up to approximately 10% higher energy consumption than the default RPL implementation with 7 retransmissions, while keeping jitter and latency as low as default RPL with 1 retransmission.
Combining proteogenomics and metaproteomics for deep taxonomic and functional characterization of microbiomes from a non-sequenced host (2020)

Metaproteomics of gut microbiomes from animal hosts lacking a reference genome is challenging. Here we describe a strategy combining high-resolution metaproteomics and host RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) with generalist database searching to survey the digestive tract of Gammarus fossarum, a small crustacean used as a sentinel species in ecotoxicology. This approach provides a deep insight into the full range of biomasses and metabolic activities of the holobiont components, and differentiates between the intestine and hepatopancreatic caecum.
Molecular Modeling, Multinuclear NMR, and Diffraction Studies in the Templated Synthesis and Characterization of the Aluminophosphate Molecular Sieve STA-2 (2010)

Molecular modeling has been used to assist in the design of a new structure directing agent (SDA) for the synthesis of the AlPO4 form of STA-2, bis-diazabicyclooctane-butane (BDAB). This is incorporated as a divalent cation within the large cages of STA-2, as determined via a combination of solid-state 13C and 15N MAS NMR, supported by 14N and 1H-15N HMQC solution NMR and density functional calculations. As-prepared AlPO4 STA-2 containing cationic SDA molecules achieves neutrality by the inclusion of hydroxide ions bridging between 5-fold coordinated framework Al atoms. Synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data of the dehydrated as-prepared form indicates triclinic symmetry (Al12P12O48(OH)2·BDAB, P1, a = 12.3821(2) Å, b = 12.3795(2) Å, c = 12.3797(3) Å, α = 63.3585(8)°, β = 63.4830(7)°, γ = 63.4218(7)°) with the distortion from rhombohedral R3̅ symmetry resulting from the partial order of hydroxide ions in bridging Al−OH−Al sites within cancrinite cages. Upon calcination in oxygen, the organic SDA is removed, leaving AlPO4 STA-2 with a pore volume of 0.22 cm3 g−1 (R3̅, Al36P36O144, a = 12.9270(2) Å, c = 30.7976(4) Å). Dehydrated calcined AlPO4 STA-2 has two crystallographically distinct P and Al sites: 31P MAS NMR resolves the two distinct P sites, and although 27Al MAS NMR only partially resolves the two Al sites, they are separated by MQMAS. Furthermore, 2D 27Al → 31P MQ-J-HETCOR correlation spectroscopy confirms that each framework Al is linked to the two different P sites via Al−O−P connections in a 3:1 ratio (and vice versa for P linked to different Al). The 27Al and 31P resonances are assigned to the crystallographic Al and P sites by calculation of the NMR parameters using the CASTEP DFT program for an energy-minimized AlPO4(SAT) framework.
Lateral mode behavior of CW proton-implanted vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (2002)

We employ a highly-sophisticated numerical model to provide the first study of lateral mode competition during CW operation of proton-implanted VCSELs. The model is validated by direct comparison with experimental data, and is used to explore new device designs for extending fundamental mode operation to higher powers.
Enhancement of the dielectric response in polymer nanocomposites with low dielectric constant fillers (2017)

In order to increase the dielectric constants of polymer-based dielectrics, composite approaches, in which inorganic fillers with much higher dielectric constants are added to the polar polymer matrix, have been investigated. However, high dielectric constant fillers cause high local electric fields in the polymer, resulting in a large reduction of the electric breakdown strength. We show that a significant increase in the dielectric constant can be achieved in polyetherimide nanocomposites with nanofillers whose dielectric constant can be similar to that of the matrix. The presence of nanofillers reduces the constraints on the dipole response to the applied electric field, thus enhancing the dielectric constant. Our results demonstrate that through nanostructure engineering, the dielectric constant of nanocomposites can be enhanced markedly without using high dielectric constant nanofillers.
Dietary lactose and the aetiology of human small-intestinal hypolactasia. (1978)

Progress report Dietary lactose and the aetiology of human small-intestinal hypolactasia
Photon counting CT at elevated X-ray tube currents: contrast stability, image noise and multi-energy performance (2014)

The energy-selectivity of photon counting detectors provides contrast enhancement and enables new material-identification techniques for clinical Computed Tomography (CT). Patient dose considerations and the resulting requirement of efficient X-ray detection suggest the use of CdTe or CdZnTe as detector material. The finite signal pulse duration of several nanoseconds present in those detectors requires strong reduction of the pixel size to achieve feasible count rates in the high-flux regime of modern CT scanners. Residual pulse pile-up effects in scans with high X-ray fluxes still can limit two key properties of the counting detector, namely count-rate linearity and spectral linearity. We have used our research prototype scanner with CdTe-based counting detector and 225&mu;m small pixels to investigate these effects in CT imaging scenarios at elevated X-ray tube currents. We present measurements of CT images and provide a detailed analysis of contrast stability, image noise and multi-energy performance achieved with different phantom sizes at various X-ray tube settings.
Association of Neonatal Glycemia With Neurodevelopmental Outcomes at 4.5 Years (2017)

Neonatal hypoglycemia was not associated with increased risk of combined neurosensory impairment at 4.5 years but was associated with a dose-dependent increased risk of poor executive function and visual motor function, even if not detected clinically, and may thus influence later learning. Randomized trials are needed to determine optimal screening and intervention thresholds based on assessment of neurodevelopment at least to school age.
Outcome of Subsequent Pregnancies in Patients With a History of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy (2017)

Full recovery of LVEF before SSP was associated with lower mortality and better cardiac function at follow-up. Addition of bromocriptine to standard therapy for heart failure immediately after delivery was safe and seemed to be associated with a better outcome of SSP in African and Caucasian patients.
The usefulness property of biorobotic sensorimotor models: A natural source of prosthetic designs (2001)

This commentary addresses an additional feature of biorobotic modeling: usefulness in prosthetic design. By implementing structurally and behaviorally accurate models as prosthetics, biologically accurate restoration can be approximated. This has potential to reestablish important peripheral elements of the sensorimotor control system, including limb biomechanics, proprioception, and vision. Examples given include musculoskeletal prosthetics and retinal implants.
Room Temperature Frenkel-Wannier-Mott Hybridization of Degenerate Excitons in a Strongly Coupled Microcavity (2014)

Hybrid organic-inorganic polaritons are formed by the simultaneous strong coupling of two degenerate excitons and a microcavity photon at room temperature. Wannier-Mott and Frenkel excitons in spatially separated ZnO and 3,4,7,8-napthalene tetracarboxylic dianhydride (NTCDA) layers, respectively, placed in a single Fabry-Perot microcavity contribute to the interaction with the cavity. A Rabi splitting of (322±8) meV between the upper and middle branches of the three branch polariton energy-momentum dispersion is observed. This is compared to only (224±22) meV and (218±8) meV Rabi splittings for NTCDA-only and ZnO-only reference cavities, respectively, and indicates that the excitonic component of the polariton is a Frenkel-Wannier-Mott hybrid. Unlike previous reports of hybrid polaritons, the mixing of the organic and inorganic eigenstates occurs independently of angle due to their energetic degeneracy, and can be tailored by adjusting the optical field distribution within the cavity.
Quality-of-service-based interference cancellation in upstream very-high-bit-rate digital subscriber line systems (2012)

Crosstalk (XT) is the main performance limiter in digital subscriber line (DSL) systems such as very-high-bit-rate digital subscriber line (VDSL) systems. In order to overcome these limitations various XT cancellation techniques have been proposed to mitigate this effect. While leading to very high performance gains, the computational complexity grows quadratically with the number of lines in a binder. This motivates partial cancellation schemes, maximising the capacity based on a given computational complexity. However, the data rate increase could still be very high above the quality of service (QoS) requirements that must be enforced for each user, leading to a ‘waste’ of computational resources. Therefore a QoS-based partial cancellation algorithm is presented in this study which selects the lines to be cancelled based on the desired data rates of the users. It relies on partial zero-forcing XT cancellation but the used selection algorithm [QoS-based joint tone-line selection (QoS-JTLS)] aims at QoS fulfilment instead of data rate maximisation. Simulation results show that compared with other QoS-based algorithms and conventional selection algorithms, QoS-JTLS leads to better fulfilment of QoS demands for the same given computational complexity. In other words, the computational complexity needed to achieve the target data rates of the users is reduced when applying QoS-JTLS.
Nucleic Acid Drugs for Prevention of Cardiac Rejection (2009)

Heart transplantation has been broadly performed in humans. However, occurrence of acute and chronic rejection has not yet been resolved. Several inflammatory factors, such as cytokines and adhesion molecules, enhance the rejection. The graft arterial disease (GAD), which is a type of chronic rejection, is characterized by intimal thickening comprised of proliferative smooth muscle cells. Specific treatments that target the attenuation of acute rejection and GAD formation have not been well studied in cardiac transplantation. Recent progress in the nucleic acid drugs, such as antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) to regulate the transcription of disease-related genes, has important roles in therapeutic applications. Transfection of cis-element double-stranded DNA, named as "decoy," has been also reported to be a useful nucleic acid drug. This decoy strategy has been not only a useful method for the experimental studies of gene regulation but also a novel clinical strategy. In this paper, we reviewed the experimental results of NF-kappaB, E2F, AP-1, and STAT-1 decoy and other ODNs using the experimental heart transplant models.
The Machine (2015)

By the end of the decade we expect over 30 billion intelligent devices connected to the Internet, resulting in unprecedented amounts of data. At the same time, scaling of today's foundational memory technologies will significantly slow down. We will need to transform the ways in which we collect, process, store, and analyze that data. "The Machine" is a new architecture from HP Labs that brings together byte-addressable non-volatile memory, photonic interconnects, and specialized SoCs for computing at multiple scales, ranging from handhelds to rack-scale to data center-scale. As part of this initiative, we are building hardware, a new OS, new data stores, and new analytics platforms, with the plan to open source various parts of the software stack. This talk will discuss the technologies that comprise The Machine and their implications for systems software and application programs, as well as describe the work we are doing at HP to address some of these challenges.
Stem‐cell‐driven regeneration of synovial joints (2005)

Mammalian skeletal motion is made possible by synovial joints. Widespread suffering from arthritis and joint injuries has motivated recent effort to regenerate a stem-cell-driven synovial joint condyle implantable in total joint replacement. A single adult stem cell lineage, mesenchymal stem cells, differentiate to form all components of a synovial joint. Whereas localized joint lesions may be repaired by either cell-based or cell-free approaches, regeneration of the entire articular condyle of the synovial joint is unattainable without tissue-forming cells. A series of experiments are presented here to describe our initial attempts to regenerate a synovial joint condyle in the shape and dimensions of a human mandibular condyle, with both cartilaginous and osseous components derived from a single population of rat mesenchymal stem cells. Upcoming challenges are along several intertwining fronts including structural integrity, tissue maturation, mechanical strength and host integration. The synovial joint condyle may turn out to be one of the first 'human body parts' or organs truly regeneratable by stem-cell-derived approaches. Current approaches to regenerate the synovial joint condyle from stem-cell-derived multiple cell lineages may also offer clues for engineering complex organs such as the kidney or liver.
Information Fusion and Situation Awareness using ARTMAP and Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (2006)

For applications such as force protection, an effective decision maker needs to maintain an unambiguous grasp of the environment. Opportunities exist to leverage computational mechanisms for the adaptive fusion of diverse information sources. The current research involves the use of neural networks and Markov chains to process information from sources including sensors, weather data, and law enforcement. Furthermore, the system operator's input is used as a point of reference for the machine learning algorithms. More detailed features of the approach are provided along with an example scenario.
A Low-Spur Fractional-N PLL Based on a Time-Mode Arithmetic Unit (2022)

This article introduces a low-jitter low-spur fractional-N phase-locked loop (PLL) adopting a new concept of a time-mode arithmetic unit (TAU) for phase error extraction. The TAU is a time-signal processor that calculates the weighted sum of input time offsets. It processes two inputs—the period of a digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) and the instantaneous time offset between the DCO and reference clock edges—and then extracts the DCO phase error by calculating their weighted sum. The prototype, implemented in 40-nm CMOS, achieves 182-fs rms jitter with 3.5-mW power consumption. In a near-integer channel, it shows the worst fractional spur below <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$-$</tex-math> </inline-formula> 59 dBc. Under considerable supply or temperature variations, the worst spur still remains below <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$-$</tex-math> </inline-formula> 51.7 dBc without any background calibration tracking.
Optical sensors for environmental and chemical process monitoring (1995)

This conference was held November 9--10, 1994 in McLean, Virginia. The increasing need for in-situ characterization of hazardous materials has created a growing demand for the development of concentration-hostile environments. The characterization of mixed wastes at nuclear storage facilities and the monitoring of hazardous effluents from chemical-processing facilities are two important examples where the demand for such measurements is not being met by available methods. Optical sensor technology has become increasingly more important for such applications because of its unique advantages of cost, portability, and durability over more traditional approaches, and because of its ability to address the measurements of chemical concentrations that cannot be addressed by electrochemical or other means. Individual papers have been processed separately for inclusion in the appropriate data bases.
High-speed 3D imaging using two-wavelength parallel-phase-shift interferometry (2015)

High-speed three dimensional imaging based on two-wavelength parallel-phase-shift interferometry is presented. The technique is demonstrated using a high-resolution polarization-based Linnik interferometer operating with three high-speed phase-masked CCD cameras and two quasi-monochromatic modulated light sources. The two light sources allow for phase unwrapping the single source wrapped phase so that relatively high step profiles having heights as large as 3.7 μm can be imaged in video rate with ±2 nm accuracy and repeatability. The technique is validated using a certified very large scale integration (VLSI) step standard followed by a demonstration from the semiconductor industry showing an integrated chip with 2.75 μm height copper micro pillars at different packing densities.
Data Supplement from A Search for Novel Cancer/Testis Antigens in Lung Cancer Identifies VCX/Y Genes, Expanding the Repertoire of Potential Immunotherapeutic Targets (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S1. Gene expression profiles of BEX, NXF, and TCEAL family genes in 207 lung cell lines.&lt;/p&gt;
Monte-Carlo Planning for Socially Aligned Agents using Bayesian Affect Control Theory (2014)

Affect Control Theory (ACT) is a mathematically well-defined model that makes ac-curate predictions about the affective content of human action. The affective predictions, which are derived from statistics about human actions and identities in real and labora-tory environments, are shared normative behaviours that are believed to lead to solutions to everyday cooperative problems. A probabilistic and decision-theoretic generalisation of ACT, called BayesAct, allows the principles of ACT to be used for human-interactive agents by defining a utility function and a probabilistic version of the ACT dynamical model of affect. Planning in BayesAct, which we address in this paper, then allows one to go beyond the affective norm, and leads to the emergence of more complex interac-tions between “cognitive ” reasoning and “affective ” reasoning, such as deception lead-ing to manipulation and altercasting. As BayesAct is a large hybrid (continuous-discrete) state/action/observation partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP), in this paper we propose a continuous variant of a successful Monte-Carlo tree search planner (POMCP), which performs dynamic discretisation of the action and observation spaces while planning. We demonstrate our variant POMCP-C in simulation on (i) a two-agent coordination problem that involves manipulation through affective interaction, and (ii) an affectively-aware assistive health-care device. In addition, we show that our solver can be used in non-affective domains, by demonstrating it on a continuous robot navi-gation problem from the literature and achieving over 50 % increase in average reward compared to traditional solvers. 1
Incremental benefits of circumferential minimally invasive surgery for increasingly frail patients with adult spinal deformity (2023)

Surgery performed with a cMIS technique may offer acceptable outcomes, with diminishment of perioperative complications and mitigation of catastrophic outcomes, in increasingly frail patients who may not be candidates for surgery using traditional open techniques. However, further studies should be performed to investigate the long-term impact of less optimal alignment in this population.
Simply self-restored ring-based time-division-multiplexed passive optical network (2008)

A simply self-restored ring-based time-division-multiplexed passive optical network by a clockwise and counterclockwise circulating fiber against the fiber fault in an access system is proposed and experimentally investigated. The proposed optical line terminal and optical network unit modules can be used to prevent and protect the occurrence of fiber failure in the ring-based passive optical networks (PONs). Using the proposed self-healing access network, the ring-based PON can be revived promptly under fiber failure. The protection and restoration time of the access network is measured within 7ms. In addition, the performance of data traffic in the access network is also discussed.