gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anterior chamber blood cell differentiation using spectroscopic optical coherence tomography (2018)

There is great clinical importance in identifying cellular responses in the anterior chamber (AC) which can indicate signs of hyphema (an accumulation of red blood cells (RBCs)) or aberrant intraocular inflammation (an accumulation of white blood cells (WBCs)). These responses are difficult to diagnose and require specialized equipment such as ophthalmic microscopes and specialists trained in examining the eye. In this work, we applied spectroscopic OCT to differentiate between RBCs and subtypes of WBCs, including neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes, both in vitro and in ACs of porcine eyes. We located and tracked single cells in OCT volumetric images, and extracted the spectroscopic data of each cell from the detected interferograms using short-time Fourier Transform (STFT). A look-up table of Mie spectra was generated and used to correlate the spectroscopic data of single cells to their characteristic sizes. The accuracy of the method was first validated on 10um polystyrene microspheres. For RBCs and subtypes of WBCs, the extracted size distributions based on the best Mie spectra fit were significantly different between each cell type by using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. A similar size distribution of neutrophils was also acquired in the measurements of cells introduced into the ACs of porcine eyes, further supporting spectroscopic OCT for potentially differentiating and quantifying blood cell types in the AC in vivo.
System-Level Performance of Cellular Multihop Relaying with Multiuser Scheduling (2007)

Multihop relaying in cellular networks is seen as a viable strategy to address the need for higher data rates and better coverage. In this paper, we analyze the system-level performance of multicellular multihop networks in the presence of co-channel interference, and build upon prior work in the research conducted by O. Oyman, et. al (2006) which considered multihop relaying in a single-cell setting. Considering an opportunistic hop-count routing algorithm, we study cellular sum capacity under different multiuser scheduling algorithms such as MaxCap, proportional fair, and round robin. We numerically investigate the competing interaction between multihop diversity and multiuser diversity, and discuss the areal diversity aspect as a byproduct of multihop relaying. Finally, we provide further practical design insights on cellular planning through our empirical results on interference statistics in multicellular multihop networks.
Antiviral Potential of the Antimicrobial Drug Atovaquone against SARS-CoV-2 and Emerging Variants of Concern (2021)

The antimicrobial medication malarone (atovaquone/proguanil) is used as a fixed-dose combination for treating children and adults with uncomplicated malaria or as chemoprophylaxis for preventing malaria in travelers. It is an inexpensive, efficacious, and safe drug frequently prescribed around the world. Following anecdotal evidence from 17 patients in the provinces of Quebec and Ontario, Canada, suggesting that malarone/atovaquone may present some benefits in protecting against COVID-19, we sought to examine its antiviral potential in limiting the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in cellular models of infection. In VeroE6 expressing human TMPRSS2 and human lung Calu-3 epithelial cells, we show that the active compound atovaquone at micromolar concentrations potently inhibits the replication of SARS-CoV-2 and other variants of concern including the alpha, beta, and delta variants. Importantly, atovaquone retained its full antiviral activity in a primary human airway epithelium cell culture model. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that the atovaquone antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 is partially dependent on the expression of TMPRSS2 and that the drug can disrupt the interaction of the spike protein with the viral receptor, ACE2. Additionally, spike-mediated membrane fusion was also reduced in the presence of atovaquone. In the United States, two clinical trials of atovaquone administered alone or in combination with azithromycin were initiated in 2020. While we await the results of these trials, our findings in cellular infection models demonstrate that atovaquone is a potent antiviral FDA-approved drug against SARS-CoV-2 and other variants of concern in vitro.
Effectiveness of Cleaners and Sanitizers in Killing Spore-forming Bacteria (2013)

The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the selected cleaners and sanitizers in killing spore-formers by preventing, treating or reducing the effects of problem spores in the dairy export industry. The chemicals used in this experiment to test against the spore-forming bacteria were Chlorine (Kem-Tek chlorinating liquid), Mandate Plus (Ecolab Clean-in-Place acid sanitizer), HD Acid PL-10 (Ecolab acid detergent for pipeline and bulk tank equipment), and Principal (Ecolab chlorinated mechanical and CIP cleaner for protein soils). The Bacillus licheniformis concentrated solution was provided by the Dairy Products Technology Center at California Polytechnic State University. Data on the effectiveness of selected cleaners and sanitizers were derived from 1:1 concentrations and 10-1 solutions that were isolated and put onto the 3M Petrifilm for observation and records. A series of dilutions were made of the sanitizers and cleaners from 1:1 to 1:10,000, but the 1:1 and 10-1 were selected to test the optimum effectiveness of each chemical. A One-way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) was used to analyze the results, and test for differences in the 3M Petrifilm counts of 1:1 Chlorine, 10-1 Chlorine, 1:1 Mandate Plus, 10-1 Mandate Plus, 1:1 HD Acid PL-10, 10-1 HD Acid PL-10, 1:1 Principal and 10-1 Principal; statistically significance difference was set at P< .05. There was no statically significant difference between all samples. The effectiveness of Chlorine, Mandate Plus, HD Acid PL-10 and Principal at 1:1 10-1 and 10-2 was, although significant, inconclusive due to there being to many microorganisms to count. The effectiveness of the four selected chemicals at 10-1, with further dilutions of 10-1 and 10-2, contained positive results with the Bacillus licheniformis, indicating which of the four chemicals was the most effective against a spore-forming bacteria. After an incubation period, the 3M Petrifilms showed results of chlorine 10-1 having no visible growth on either dilutions of 10-1 or 10-2, denoting that Chlorine (sodium hypochlorite 10.0% and inert ingredients 90.0%) was the most effective of the four chemicals and sanitizers selected. There was only one chemical, which made had no significant difference in either the 1:1, 10-1 and 10-2, or 10-1, with further dilutions of 10-1 and 10-2. In conclusion, the addition of chlorine (sodium hypochlorite) reduces or eliminates the growth of psychrotrophic bacteria (spore-formers).
Role of regulatory T cells in the pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection (2009)

International audience
A facile, standardized fabrication approach and scalable architecture for a micro gas chromatography system with integrated pump (2013)

This paper reports a micro gas chromatography (μGC) system that includes a microfabricated Knudsen pump, preconcentrator, separation column, and discharge-based detector. All four components are co-designed and co-fabricated on the same glass wafer by a 3-mask lithographic process, and fit within a footprint of 1.8 × 1.8 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Each component is tested individually: the motionless Knudsen pump provides 0.4 sccm air flow rate with 1 W input power; the preconcentrator demonstrates a fully desorbed heptane peak at 170°C; the column and the detector demonstrate successful separation and detection of three alkane species. A stackable architecture is proposed as the system integration scheme and a future goal of this effort.
Alterations in intracellular potassium concentration by HIV-1 and (2008)

Background: HIV-1 mediated perturbation of the plasma membrane can produce an alteration in the transmembrane gradients of cations and other small molecules leading to cell death. Several HIV-1 proteins have been shown to perturb membrane permeability and ion transport. Xenopus laevis oocytes have few functional endogenous ion channels, and have proven useful as a system to examine direct effects of exogenously added proteins on ion transport. Results: HIV-1 Nef induces alterations in the intracellular potassium concentration in CD4+ Tlymphoblastoid cells, but not intracellular pH. Two electrode voltage-clamp recording was used to determine that Nef did not form ion channel-like pores in Xenopus oocytes. Conclusion: These results suggest that HIV-1 Nef regulates intracellular ion concentrations indirectly, and may interact with membrane proteins such as ion channels to modify their electrical properties.
Efficacy and safety of nivolumab in patients with uterine cervical cancer, uterine corpus cancer, or soft-tissue sarcoma (2018)

Background: Recent advances in immuno-oncology provide evidence for the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy for many cancers; however, the clinical activity of nivolumab (Nivo), an anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody, in the treatment of advanced uterine cervical cancer (CVC), uterine corpus cancer (CC), or soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) has not been determined. Methods: We conducted a phase 2, multicenter, multicohort, open-label study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Nivo in patients (pts) with CVC, CC, or STS (JapicCTI-163212). Patients received Nivo 240 mg every 2 weeks until progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety. Immunohistochemical staining of PD-L1, microsatellite instability (MSI) testing, and HPV typing were evaluated for biomarker analysis. Results: Total of 64 pts (20 CVC, 23 CC, and 21 STS) were analyzed. ORRs were 25.0%, 22.7%, and 0%, median PFS was 5.6, 3.4, and 1.4 months, and 12-month OS was 72.8%, 48.5%, and 66.7% in CVC, CC, and STS, respectively. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were seen in 56.3% (Grade 3-4, 12.5%) of all patients. The most common TRAEs were pruritus (9.4%), lipase increased (6.3%) and diarrhea (6.3%). There were no drug-related deaths. ORRs in CVC appeared to be better in pts with PD-L1-positive tumors (33.3%) than in those with PD-L1-negative tumors (0%) based on a PD-L1 expression level of ≥ 1%. In contrast, ORRs in CC were similar regardless of PD-L1 states (positive, 25.0% vs negative, 21.4%). Only one pt with STS expressed PD-L1. All pts with CC who also had MSI-High experienced partial responses. Conclusions: Nivo had acceptable toxicity, but only showed evidence of clinical activity (based on ORR) in pts with CVC or CC, and not in pts with STS on the basis of response rate. PD-L1 expression in CVC and MSI-High in CC may predict the clinical activity of Nivo.
Bacterial Contig Map of the 21q11 Region Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease and Abnormal Myelopoiesis in Down Syndrome (1998)

We present a high-resolution bacterial contig map of 3.4 Mb of genomic DNA in human chromosome 21q11-q21, encompassing the region of elevated disomic homozygosity in Down Syndrome-associated abnormal myelopoiesis and leukemia, as well as the markers, which has shown a strong association with Alzheimer's Disease that has never been explained. The map contains 89 overlapping PACs, BACs, or cosmids in three contigs (850, 850, and 1500 kb) with two gaps (one of 140-210 kb and the second <5 kb). To date, eight transcribed sequences derived by cDNA selection, exon trapping, and/or global EST sequencing have been positioned onto the map, and the only two genes so far mapped to this cytogenetic region, STCH and RIP140 have been precisely localized. This work converts a further 10% of chromosome 21q into a high-resolution bacterial contig map, which will be the physical basis for the long-range sequencing of this region. The map will also enable positional derivation of new transcribed sequences, as well as new polymorphic probes, that will help in elucidation of the role the genes in this region may play in abnormal myelopoiesis and leukemia associated with trisomy 21 and Alzheimer's Disease.
Usage of Magneto-Optical Disks in Medical Information Filing System (1994)

Optical disks are widely used in medicine, mainly for image archival purposes. Most of those currently in use are WORM (Write-Once, Read-Many) type disks. Magneto-optical disks (MODS) have been developed, and 130-mm type disks are already commercially available. Because of the flexibility of MODs, IS&C (Image Save and Carry) system using MODs instead of WORM was proposed in 1989, and standardization has been completed with the support of Japanese government ministries. This paper reviews the IS&C system and explains the requirements for filing systems in medicine. Medical file systems must have a file protection mechanism in addition to one that users can control. Such a mechanism was designed exclusively for medical IS&C systems, and its concept is explained. This paper concludes by suggesting possibilities for objectification of medical data, a long-desired goal.
Kid-1 expression is high in differentiated renal proximal tubule cells and suppressed in cyst epithelia (1998)

The cDNA coding for the transcriptional repressor protein Kid-1 was cloned in a screen for zinc finger proteins, which are regulated during renal development and after renal ischemia. Kid-1 mRNA levels increase in the course of postnatal renal development and decrease after acute renal injury caused by ischemia or administration of folic acid. We have raised a monoclonal anti-Kid-1 antibody and demonstrate that the Kid-1 protein is strongly expressed in the proximal tubule of the adult rat kidney. During nephron development, the Kid-1 protein appears after the S-shaped body stage concomitantly with the brush-border enzyme alkaline phosphatase. In two animal models of polycystic kidney disease, the expression of Kid-1 is downregulated. The loss of expression of Kid-1 in cyst wall cells correlates with the loss of alkaline phosphatase histochemical staining. Kid-1 mRNA levels are also reduced in rodent renal cell carcinomas, another condition characterized by epithelial cell dedifferentiation and increased proliferation. We propose that Kid-1 plays an important role during the differentiation of the proximal tubule.
High-performance robust motion control of machine tools: an adaptive robust control approach and comparative experiments (1997)

This paper studies the high-performance robust motion control of machine tools. The newly proposed adaptive robust control (ARC) is applied to make the resulting closed-loop system robust to model uncertainties, instead of the disturbance observer (DOB) design previously tested by many researchers. Compared to DOB, the proposed ARC has a better tracking performance and transient in the presence of discontinuous disturbances, such as Coulomb friction, and it is of a lower order. As a result, time-consuming and costly rigorous friction identification and compensation is alleviated, and overall tracking performance is improved. The ARC design can also handle large parameter variations and is flexible in introducing extra nonlinear robust control terms and parameter adaptations to further improve the transient response and tracking performance. An anti-integration windup mechanism is inherently built in the ARC and, thus, the problem of control saturation is alleviated. Extensive comparative experimental tests are performed, and the results show the improved performance of the proposed ARC.
Color-Selective Photocurrent Enhancement in Coupled J-Aggregate/Nanowires Formed in Solution (2011)

J-aggregates are ordered clusters of coherently coupled molecular dyes, (1) and they have been used as light sensitizers in film photography due to their intense absorptions. Hybrid structures containing J-aggregates may also have applications in devices that require spectral specificity, such as color imaging or optical signaling. (2) However the use of J-aggregates in optoelectronic devices has posed a long-standing challenge (3, 4) due to the difficulty of controlling aggregate formation and the low charge carrier mobility of many J-aggregates in solid state. In this paper, we demonstrate a modular method to assemble three different cyanine J-aggregates onto CdSe nanowires, resulting in a photodetector that is color-sensitized in three specific, narrow absorption bands. Both the J-aggregate and nanowire device components are fabricated from solution and the sensitizing wavelength is switched from blue to red to green, using only solution-phase exchange of the J-aggregates on the same underlying device.
Living polymerization of .beta.-lactone catalyzed by (tetraphenylporphinate)aluminum chloride. Structure of the living end (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLiving polymerization of .beta.-lactone catalyzed by (tetraphenylporphinate)aluminum chloride. Structure of the living endTomokazu Yasuda, Takuzo Aida, and Shohei InoueCite this: Macromolecules 1983, 16, 11, 1792–1796Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00245a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00245a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views379Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Enhancing nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) signature detection leveraging interference suppression algorithms (2012)

Nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) is a radio frequency (RF) magnetic spectroscopic technique that has been shown to detect and identify a wide range of explosive materials containing quadrupolar nuclei. The NQR response signal provides a unique signature of the material of interest. The signal is, however, very weak and can be masked by non-stationary RF interference (RFI) and thermal noise, limiting detection distance. In this paper, we investigate the bounds on the NQR detection range for ammonium nitrate. We leverage a low-cost RFI data acquisition system composed of inexpensive B-field sensing and commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) software-defined radios (SDR). Using collected data as RFI reference signals, we apply adaptive filtering algorithms to mitigate RFI and enable NQR detection techniques to approach theoretical range bounds in tactical environments.
Cardiac pre-load alteration with MRI-compatible lower body suction device (2015)

Background Our group studies circulatory causes of exercise limitation in congenital heart patients with dilated right ventricle, but normal resting left ventricular ejection fraction. Cardiac MRI is the gold standard non-invasive tool for measuring heart chamber volume and blood vessel flow. We designed an MRI-compatible lower body negative pressure (LBNP) device (Image) in order to study the effect of pre-load reduction on the heart with MRI. This is a pilot study to establish our methodology.
Marginally deformed Schrödinger/dipole CFT correspondence (2022)

We construct and thoroughly study a new integrable example of the AdS/CFT correspondence with Schrödinger symmetry. On the gravity side, the supergravity solution depends on two parameters and is obtained by marginally deforming the internal space of the Schrödinger background through a series of TsT transformations. On the field theory side, we identify the dual field theory which also depends on two parameters. We find a point-like string solution and derive its dispersion relation. A non-trivial test of the correspondence is provided by using the Landau-Lifshitz coherent state approach to reproduce the leading, in the deformation parameters, terms of that relation. Then, we calculate the Wilson loop, describing the quark/anti-quark potential at strong coupling. It exhibits confining behaviour when the separation length is much less than the Schrödinger parameter. When the separation length is much greater than the Schrödinger parameter the behaviour is that of a conformal theory. Subsequently, we take the Penrose limit along a certain null geodesic of the constructed background and calculate the bosonic spectrum. Based on that spectrum, we make an educated guess for the exact, in the 't Hooft coupling, dispersion relation of the magnon excitations in the original doubly deformed background. This provides us with an exact prediction for the dimensions of the dual field theory operators.
Blood eosinophilia(BE) and outcomes in patients with acute severe exacerbations of COPD(AECOPD) (2018)

<b>Background:</b> Recent studies have shown the usefulness of BE as a biomarker of response to systemic or inhaled corticosteroid therapy. However, little is known whether BE has predictive value of positive clinical outcomes in AECOPD requiring hospitalization. <b>Aim:</b> To evaluate the associations of BE with outcomes of patients with AECOPD. <b>Methods:</b> This was a retrospective observational cohort study, conducted in pulmonology department of Clinical hospital during 2015-2016, including patients hospitalized for severe AECOPD. Subjects were divided into 2 groups: NE, non-eosinophilic (&lt;300 cells/μL) (N=98) or E, eosinophilic (≥300 cells/μL)(N=23). Patients’ characteristics, spirometry, C-reactive protein (CRP), length of stay(LOS), ICU admission, oxygen therapy(O<sub>2</sub>), noninvasive ventilation (NIV), mechanical ventilation(MV), readmission rates and mortality were analyzed and compared between 2 groups. <b>Results:</b> Over the study period, 121 eligible patients with AECOPD were enrolled (16.5% female). NE patients had significant higher level of CRP, higher RR and lower SpO<sub>2</sub> than E patients (17.2±20.5vs8.9±9.4 (p=0.03), 24.9±4.1vs19.5±3.5(p&lt;0.001), 87.6±7.6vs92.2±4.5 (p=0.002), respectively). No differences in ICU admission, MV and mortality rates were between groups (14%vs9%, 7%vs4% and 5%vs4% respectively). NE patients had higher need of O<sub>2</sub>, use of NIV and LOS than E patients (44%vs30% (p=0.04), 19%vs9% (p=0.04) and 34%vs17% (p=0.005), respectively). But E patients had higher rate of readmission (18%vs35%,(p=0.006)). <b>Conclusions:</b> The BE in hospitalized patients with AECOPD indicates better clinical outcomes in terms of less usage of O2 therapy and NIV with shorter exacerbations but higher rate of readmission.
Late Onset Uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema Syndrome with Out-the-bag Placement of Intraocular Lens (2023)

Zhou B, Bekerman VP, Chu DS, <i>et al.</i> Late Onset Uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema Syndrome with Out-the-bag Placement of Intraocular Lens. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2022;16(3):205-207.
Improved Efficiency of the Ruthenium-Catalyzed Redox Isomerization of Allyl Alcohols (1999)

The new complexes [RuCp(PR3)(CH3CN)2]PF6 (R = Ph, Me, Cy) are highly active catalysts for the redox isomerization of allyl alcohols to give the corresponding carbonyl compounds in high yields and high efficiency. All reactions proceed under mild reaction conditions. In some cases, allylations of the carbonyl compounds could be achieved in a tandem catalytic process.