gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bit and Power Allocation in QAM Capable Multi-Differential Frequency-Shifted Reference UWB Radio (2017)

Auto-correlation receivers, such as frequency shift reference systems, offer a low-complexity alternative to Rake receivers, for low data-rate ultra-wideband applications. In such systems, a data signal and a reference signal are simultaneously transmitted. At the receiver, the received signal corresponding to the data is correlated with the received signal corresponding to the reference signal, thereby accumulating the multi-path channel energies in-phase. For improving bandwidth and energy efficiency, multi- differential schemes have also been proposed where multiple data signals share the same reference signal. With the aim of further boosting the achievable data rates, in this work we propose a multi-differential frequency shift reference receiver that supports higher order modulation formats. We design the corresponding receiver architecture that can exploit both the in-phase and quadrature-phase signal components and analytically characterize the signal and noise components. We also study the problem of optimal bit and power allocation to the multiple data signals, both for uncoded and coded systems, as a function of channel metrics that can be easily tracked at the receiver.
SINGLE SHOT DUAL -ENERGY COMPUTED RADIOGRAPHY (1989)

Ergun, David L. Ph.D.; Mistretta, Charles A. Ph.D.; Brown, David E. M.S.; Bystrianyk, Roman T. B.S.; Sze, Wai Kwong M.S.; Peppler, Walter W. Ph.D.; Kelcz, Frederick Ph.D., M.D.; Fagerholm, Margaret M.D.; Unger, June M.D.
Ultra-Low-Loss MCF Fanouts for Submarine SDM Applications (2022)

MCFs have been developed for submarine deployment. Reliability and insertion loss are gating factors for this demanding application. Here we demonstrate a 0.15-dB-loss fanout, which is fusion spliced to a pure-silica two-core submarine-grade MCF.
Keeping hot chips cool (2008)

Thermal issues are becoming more important but is the hype getting the better of the facts? Does this deserve more attention than for some niche designs and technologies such as 3D ICs.? Does the broader design community need to worry about it at 32nm and beyond or it will only impact a small segment of designs? In short, does the severity of power issues coupled with packaging complexity translate into a thermal crisis in future? This is an educational panel with a little bit of controversy that will address the thermal issue in IC design. When will this issue be emerging as a crucial concern if at all? What are the solutions to resolve this potential crisis?
NOS3 polymorphisms, cigarette smoking, and cardiovascular disease risk: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study (2020)

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) activity and cigarette smoking significantly influence endothelial function. We sought to determine whether cigarette smoking modified the association between NOS3 polymorphisms and risk of coronary heart disease or stroke.
Aspirin Protects Caco-2 Cells from Apoptosis after Serum Deprivation through the Activation of a Phosphatidylinositol (2003)

Our previous studies indicated that millimolar doses of aspirin induced growth arrest and resistance to anticancer drug treatment in Caco-2 cells. The present study was designed to better elucidate at the molecular level the effect of aspirin treatment on pathways that regulate cell death during serum withdrawal. Caco-2 cells were cultured under serum deprivation in the presence or absence of aspirin. Effects on cell cycle, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways were investigated. We found that aspirin, but not the selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor N-[2(cyclohexyloxyl)-4-nitrophenyl]-methane sulfonamide (NS-398); prevented apoptosis and G2/M transition after prolonged Caco-2 cells serum deprivation. Aspirin-dependent inhibition of apoptosis and G2/M transition was prevented by treatment with the PI3-kinase inhibitor 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one (LY294002), but not with the MAP kinase kinase inhibitor 2-amino-3-methoxyflavone (PD98059). The effects of aspirin were mediated at molecular levels, through activation of PI3-kinase/AKT pathway and increase in the p21 Cip/WAF1 level. The ability of aspirin to activate AKT protein was observed also in presence of etoposide cotreatment. Our data indicate a new intracellular target of aspirin with potential clinical impact for treatment schedules involving both anticancer agents and aspirin in malignancies.
Lack of Effect of Islet Amyloid Polypeptide in Causing Insulin Resistance in Conscious Dogs During Euglycemic Clamp Studies (1991)

In this study, we administered constant intravenous infusions of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) to conscious dogs during euglycemic glucose-clamp studies. The doses of hIAPP used (5 and 50 pmol.kg-1.min-1) raised the circulating IAPP levels approximately 12- and 50-fold above basal levels, respectively. Studies were conducted at two different insulin infusion rates, resulting in steady-state plasma insulin levels of approximately 600 and 2800 pM. According to our results, the hIAPP infusions did not lead to any measurable change in the insulin-stimulated glucose disposal rate at either insulin infusion rate. Additionally, we observed no effect of IAPP on hepatic glucose production. Although we did not observe any effect of hIAPP on any of the aspects of glucose or insulin metabolism measured, we did find a consistent hypocalcemic effect of this peptide at the 50-pmol.kg-1.min-1 infusion rate. Shortly after the onset of hIAPP infusion, serum calcium levels fell by 10-15% and remained at these levels throughout the course of the hIAPP infusion. In summary, 1) infusion of hIAPP at doses of 5 or 50 pmol.kg-1.min-1 in conscious dogs raised the circulating IAPP level 12- to 50-fold above basal; 2) during these infusion studies, no effect of hIAPP was observed on any of the aspects of glucose or insulin homeostasis measured; 3) 50 pmol.kg-1.min-1 hIAPP lead to a prompt reduction in plasma calcium concentrations with intravenous administration.
Photooxidation of Platinum(II) Diimine Dithiolates (1997)

The violet color of Pt(bpy)(bdt) (bpy = 2,2‘-bipyridine; bdt = 1,2-benzenedithiolate) is due to a Pt/S → diimine charge-transfer transition; the emission originates from the corresponding triplet state (τ = 460 ns). Photochemical oxidation of Pt(bpy)(bdt) occurs in the presence of oxygen in N,N-dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, or dimethyl sulfoxide solution; the reaction has been investigated by 1H NMR and UV−visible absorption spectroscopy. Singlet oxygen produced by energy transfer from the excited complex is implicated as the active oxygen species, in sequential formation of sulfinate, Pt(bpy)(bdtO2), and disulfinate, Pt(bpy)(bdtO4), products. Both products have been characterized by X-ray crystallography. The rate of photooxygenation is strongly dependent on water concentration, and transient absorption spectra are consistent with the formation of at least one intermediate. As a whole, our data suggest that the photooxidation chemistry of platinum(II) diimine dithiolates is similar to that of organic sulfides.
Molgewichtsverteilung und Langkettenverzweigung bei der anionischen Polymerisation von Butadien (1981)

Abstract Es wurde die Copolymerisation von Butadien mit geringen Mengen Divinylbenzol (DVB) untersucht. Die Polymerisation wurde mit Hilfe eines Lithiumamids als Starter in n‐Hexan unter Zusatz von Tetrahydrofuran (THF) zur Steuerung des Vinylgehaltes im Polymeren durchgeführt. Durch Kopplung Gelchromatographie/Viskosimetrie wurden die Molgewichtsverteilung (MGV) und die Langkettenverzweigung als Funktion von Umsatz und Molgewicht bestimmt. Durch Verwendung von Differentialrefraktometer und UV‐Photometer als Detektoren wurde die Verteilung des Verzweigers DVB über die Molgewichte ermittelt. Im gewählten Beispiel nimmt der Langkettenverzweigungsgrad mit steigendem Umsatz ab. Der Einbau von DVB erfolgt vorwiegend zu Beginn der Reaktion. Mit steigendem Umsatz wird die zunächst enge MGV breit. Bei nahezu vollständigem Butadien‐Umsatz nimmt das Molgewicht durch Kopplungsreaktionen unter Verbreiterung der MGV stark zu.
Growth characteristics and immunogenicity of the R-3327 rat prostate carcinoma. (1978)

We propose a two-stage procedure for estimating the location µ and size M of the maximum of a smooth d-variate regression function f. In the first stage, a preliminary estimator of µ obtained from a standard nonparametric smoothing method is used. At the second stage, we "zoom-in" near the vicinity of the preliminary estimator and make further observations at some design points in that vicinity. We fit an appropriate polynomial regression model to estimate the location and size of the maximum. We establish that, under suitable smoothness conditions and appropriate choice of the zooming, the second stage estimators have better convergence rates than the corresponding first stage estimators of µ and M. More specifically, for a-smooth regression functions, the optimal nonparametric rates n^{-(a-1)/(2a+d)} and n^{-a/(2a+d)} at the first stage can be improved to n^{-(a-1)/(2a)} and n^{-1/2}, respectively, for a&amp;gt;1+v{1+d/2}. These rates are optimal in the class of all possible sequential estimators. Interestingly, the two-stage procedure resolves "the curse of the dimensionality" problem to some extent, as the dimension d does not control the second stage convergence rates, provided that the function class is sufficiently smooth. We consider a multi-stage generalization of our procedure that attains the optimal rate for any smoothness level a&amp;gt;2 starting with a preliminary estimator with any power-law rate at the first stage.
Front-line Bureaucracies and the Moral Mechanics of US Health Care (2004)

From the University California San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital Reprints: Dean Schillinger, MD, Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, UCSF at San Francisco General Hospital, Primary Care Research Center, Ward 95, 995 Potrero Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94110. E-mail: [email protected].
ChemInform Abstract: A Recyclable Ru‐Based Metathesis Catalyst. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A simulation study on the health concerns derived from GSM base station placement (2006)

In the last years a great concern has raised among population due to the placement of the base stations (BS) of cellular systems in urban areas. In some cases, it has been addressed with the (re)installation of BSs in far suburban areas. However, in these cases, mobile stations (MS) must raise transmission power. Thus, users may -potentially- suffer a higher radio exposure. In this paper we quantified the variation of the transmission power in this application scenario. The study has been done by means of the OPNET/GSM framework simulation tool. Suitable propagation models and the GSM power control algorithm have been added to the model, in order to compute the MS transmission power in a real environment. Results reveal a significative increment of the MS transmission power when the BS is relocated to suburban areas. Therefore, we conclude that it is necessary to introduce modifications in the GSM network architecture to solve this issue together with the BS placement problem
Involvement of Surface‐Bound Radicals in the Oxidation of Toluene Using Supported Au‐Pd Nanoparticles (2012)

Radikale spielen eine Rolle: Au-Pd-Nanopartikel mit einer mittleren Größe von 3–4 nm auf einem TiO2-Träger (siehe Bild; Skalierung 2 nm) zeigen hohe Aktivität in der selektiven Oxidation von aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen mit tert-Butylhydroperoxid als Oxidationsmittel. Die trägerfixierten Nanopartikel stabilisieren oberflächengebundene Radikale.
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Potently Suppresses HIV Infection in Humanized Rag2 -/- γ c -/- Mice (2010)

Humanized Rag2(-/-)gamma(c)(-/-) mice (Hu-DKO mice) become populated with functional human T cells, B cells, and dendritic cells following transplantation with human hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and represent an improved model for studying HIV infection in vivo. In the current study we demonstrated that intrasplenic inoculation of hu-DKO mice with HIV-1 initiated a higher level of HIV infection than intravenous or intraperitoneal inoculation, associated with a reciprocal decrease in peripheral CD4(+) T cells and increase in peripheral CD8(+) T cells. HIV infection by intrasplenic injection increased serum levels of human IgG and IgM including human IgM and IgG specific for HIV-1 gp120. There was a significant inverse correlation between the level of HIV-1 infection and the extent of CD4(+) T cell depletion. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) initiated 1 week after HIV-1 inoculation markedly suppressed HIV-1 infection and prevented CD4(+) T cell depletion. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that intrasplenic injection of hu-DKO mice with HIV is a more efficient route of HIV infection than intravenous or intraperitoneal injection and generates increased infection associated with an increased anti-HIV humoral response. This animal model can serve as a valuable in vivo model to study the efficacy of anti-HIV therapies.
Development of New Positive-Tone Molecular Resists Based on Fullerene Derivatives for Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography (2010)

We have developed and evaluated new chemically amplified molecular resists based on fullerene derivatives with an excellent solubility in a standard alkali developer for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography. We controlled the electron acceptability of fullerene derivatives and applied photo-acid generators (PAGs) with a high electron acceptability through ionization by EUV irradiation. As a result, sensitivities of positive-tone molecular resists based on fullerene derivatives were markedly improved, and we succeeded in obtaining good resolution, by applying an organic underlayer substrate without pattern collapse. Delineations of 45 nm half pitch (hp) and line width roughness (LWR) of 5.7 nm were achieved at an exposure dose of 12.5 mJ/cm 2 on the organic underlayer.
Exit vs. entrance block testing for cardiac lesion assessment (2009)

Cardiac lesions are created to act as barriers which prohibit the transmission of cardiac myocyte contractile activity from one side of the lesion to the other. Testing for conduction block is the main way to acutely confirm the effectiveness of this therapy. There are two general methods used to test for conduction block. These methods are called: 1) "exit block testing" and 2) "entrance block testing." In this study, two different devices were used on n = 5 swine to determine if the method of lesion assessment (exit vs. entrance block testing) affected the ability to correctly identify if acute conduction block was achieved. No significant difference was found between conclusions drawn from either method of lesion assessment. However, the most robust lesion assessment will occur when both methods are employed so that the physician has the most information available for analysis.
Interdigital cantilever as a biological sensor (2002)

Demonstrated the detection of alkanethiol in solution with a cantilever sensor based on optical interferometry. The detection method shows several improvements over the optical lever technique. The detection is differential, reducing unwanted signals from the environment. In addition, the detection is compatible with parallel operation of many cantilevers. Due to the ease with which thiols can be functionalized by attaching biological molecules, this experiment opens up the possibility of using these cantilevers as biosensors capable of detecting signals produced by DNA hybridization and protein binding.
Digital Optical Phase Locked Loop for Real-Time Coherent Demodulation of Multilevel PSK/QAM (2010)

We propose a digital optical phase locked loop (DOPLL) for real-time demodulation of high-speed multilevel PSK/QAM. It was simply implemented using low-speed digital signal processor after electrical sampling to demodulate high-speed BPSK, QPSK and 16QAM.
Pre-training image-language transformers for open-vocabulary tasks (2022)

We present a pre-training approach for vision and language transformer models, which is based on a mixture of diverse tasks. We explore both the use of image-text captioning data in pre-training, which does not need additional supervision, as well as object-aware strategies to pre-train the model. We evaluate the method on a number of textgenerative vision+language tasks, such as Visual Question Answering, visual entailment and captioning, and demonstrate large gains over standard pre-training methods.
Benzyl [11C]Hippurate as an Agent for Measuring the Activities of Organic Anion Transporter 3 in the Brain and Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 4 in the Heart of Mice (2016)

Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 (MRP4) and organic anion transporter 3 (OAT3) mediate the efflux of organic anions from the brain and heart. In this study, we have developed a probe for estimating the activity of these transporters in these tissues using positron emission tomography. Several (11)C-labeled hippuric acid ester derivatives were screened with the expectation that they would be hydrolyzed in situ to form the corresponding (11)C-labeled organic acids in target tissues. Among the compounds screened, benzyl [(11)C]hippurate showed favorable hydrolysis rates and uptake properties in the target tissues of mice. Subsequent evaluation using transporter knockout mice revealed that radioactivity was retained in the brain and heart of Oat3(-/-) and Mrp4(-/-) mice, respectively, compared with that of control mice after the intravenous administration of benzyl [(11)C]hippurate. Benzyl [(11)C]hippurate could therefore be used as a probe for estimating the activities of OAT3 and MRP4 in mouse brain and heart, respectively.
Large‐eddy simulation of oxygen transfer to organic sediment beds (2012)

We have developed a model for dissolved oxygen (DO) transfer from water to underlying organic sediment beds. The model couples large‐eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent transport in the water column, a biogeochemical model for DO transport and consumption in the sediment, and Darcy's Law for the pore water‐driven transport. The model highlights the spatial and temporal relationship between the turbulent bursting events, the near‐wall transport of DO, and the response of the sediment layer. The numerical results—compared to data from laboratory experiments—stress the importance of analyzing instantaneous transport events (not reproducible in a Reynolds‐averaged Navier‐Stokes model) to better characterize and model the processes that lead to oxygen depletion in the sediment layer. The model's results are compared against experimental data and the sensitivity to the governing parameters has been tested. As the current velocity increases, the sediment‐oxygen demand (SOD) increases more slowly than the friction velocity at the wall, in accordance with classic heat‐and‐mass transfer laws. The overall SOD is approximately proportional to the bacterial content of the sediment layer. The predicted mean advective flux in the porous medium and across the sediment‐water interface is negligible compared to the total dispersive flux, for permeabilities typical of the sediments used in the experiments (10 −7 and 10 −6 cm 2 ). Higher permeabilities (10 −5 cm 2 ) appear to yield results not consistent with experimental data. This computational tool will contribute toward the design of a process‐oriented parametrization for the SOD, currently missing in oceanographic applications, that can be easily extended to the transport of other bio‐limiting substances.
Supplementary Table of Antibodies from Myeloid Expression of Adenosine A<sub>2A</sub> Receptor Suppresses T and NK Cell Responses in the Solid Tumor Microenvironment (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table of Antibodies.&lt;/p&gt;
Towards low birefringent achiral smectic c hosts for new display applications (2000)

Abstract In order to utilize the developed and readily available TFT techniques for surface-stabilized ferroelectric displays the development of formulations with significantly lower birefringence than commonly used today is necessary. The compounds presented here as basis for achiral hosts have structures which are based on difluoroterphenyls except that they have alicyclic ring systems attached to the aromatic core in place of one of the phenyl rings. Mixtures based on these compounds have been prepared and assessed in terms of their transition temperatures and birefringence with reference to the parent terphenyls.
Illumination and light sensing for daylight adaptation with an LED array: Proof-of-principle (2013)

Luminaires based on light emitting diode (LEDs) offer ease of control for light adaptation. In particular, adapting light output of the LED luminaires to daylight leads to energy-efficient lighting solutions. In a daylight-adaptive lighting system, the dimming levels are determined such that the artificial illuminance together with the daylight illuminance meets specified illuminance constraints. Closed-loop illumination control is traditionally used based on feedback obtained by measurements using light sensors, adding to cost and installation complexity. In this paper, we present a solution wherein the LED luminaire is used as a light source as well as a light sensor. We propose a protocol wherein the LEDs are driven in forward-bias by a pulse width modulation signal, thus emitting light, and in reverse-bias over a duration where they sense light. Under the proposed solution, the sensed illuminance is solely the daylight contribution. This enables use of simple open-loop illumination control schemes for daylight adaptation. We demonstrate the proof-of-principle with an LED array prototype.
Reviewer #2 (Public Review): The Toxoplasma monocarboxylate transporters are involved in the metabolism within the apicoplast and are linked to parasite survival (2023)

The apicoplast is a four-membrane plastid found in the apicomplexans, which harbors biosynthesis and organelle housekeeping activities in the matrix. However, the mechanism driving the flux of metabolites, in and out, remains unknown. Here we used TurboID and genome engineering to identify apicoplast transporters in Toxoplasma gondii. Among the many novel transporters, we show that one pair of apicomplexan monocarboxylate transporters (AMTs) appears to be evolved from the putative host cell that engulfed a red alga. Protein depletion showed that AMT1 and AMT2 are critical for parasite growth. Metabolite analyses supported the notion that AMT1 and AMT2 are associated with biosynthesis of isoprenoids and fatty acids. However, stronger phenotypic defects were observed for AMT2, including in the inability to establish T. gondii parasite virulence in mice. This study clarifies, significantly, the mystery of apicoplast transporter composition and reveals the importance of the pair of AMTs in maintaining the apicoplast activity in apicomplexans.
Tracking of Triangular References Using Signal Transformation for Control of a Novel AFM Scanner Stage (2011)

In this paper, we design feedback controllers for lateral and transversal axes of an atomic force microscope (AFM) piezoelectric tube scanner. The controllers are constrained to keep the standard deviation of the measurement noise fed back to the displacement output around 0.13 nm. It is shown that the incorporation of appropriate inner loops provides disturbance rejection capabilities and robustness against dc gain uncertainties, two requirements for satisfactory operation of signal transformation method. Simulations and experiments show significant improvement of steady-state tracking error with signal transformation, while limiting the projected measurement noise.