gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mutations of the Anti-Mullerian Hormone Gene in Patients with Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome: Biosynthesis, Secretion, and Processing of the Abnormal Proteins and Analysis Using a Three-Dimensional Model (2003)

Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), a TGF-beta family member, determines whether an individual develops a uterus and Fallopian tubes. Mutations in the AMH gene lead to persistent Müllerian duct syndrome in males. The wild-type human AMH protein is synthesized as a disulfide-linked dimer of two identical 70-kDa polypeptides, which undergoes proteolytic processing to generate a 110-kDa N-terminal dimer and a bioactive 25-kDa TGF-beta-like C-terminal dimer. We have studied the biosynthesis and secretion of wild-type AMH and of seven persistent Müllerian duct syndrome proteins, containing mutations in either the N- or C-terminal domain. Mutant proteins lacking the C-terminal domain are secreted more rapidly than full-length AMH, whereas single amino acid changes in both domains can have profound effects on protein stability and folding. The addition of a cysteine in an N-terminal domain mutant, R194C, prevents proper folding, whereas the elimination of the cysteine involved in forming the interchain disulfide bond, in a C-terminal domain mutant, C525Y, leads to a truncation at the C terminus. A molecular model of the AMH C-terminal domain provides insights into how some mutations could affect biosynthesis and function.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐(2‐Aminophenyl)‐acetaldehyde Dimethyl Acetal: A Novel Reagent for the Protection of Carboxylic Acids. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Estrogen Deficiency Induces Bone Loss in Mice Lacking ITAM Adapter Proteins, DAP12 and FcRg (89.31) (2007)

Abstract DAP12 and or FcRγ ITAM signals are required during normal osteoclast (OC) development in vivo and in vitro. To determine whether ITAM deficient mice are resistant to bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency, we performed ovariectomy (OVX) or SHAM surgery on 10–12 week female DAP12−/−, FcRγ−/−, DAP12−/−FcRγ−/− and control C57BL/6 (B6) mice. MicroCT of the distal femur showed statistically significant losses of trabecular bone in DAP12−/−FcRγ−/−, DAP12−/−, FcRγ−/− and B6 OVX groups compared to SHAM groups, BV/TV dropping from 56% to 35% (p&amp;lt;0.01), 21% to 12% (p&amp;lt;0.01), 12% to 7% (p&amp;lt;0.01), and 6% to 3% (p&amp;lt;0.05) respectively. Bone turnover measured by serum osteocalcin and urinary DPD increased at 4 weeks post-OVX in all four strains. In vitro OC bone resorption assays revealed a 2.7 or 3.6 fold increase in OC resorption from B6 and FcRγ−/− OVX mice that were not seen in DAP12−/− and DAP12−/−FcRγ−/− OVX OC. FSH, reported to stimulate postmenopausal osteoporosis, combined with RANKL could not rescue the in vitro OC defect in DAP12−/− and DAP12−/−FcRγ−/− cultures. TGB-β followed by TNF-α stimulation induced OC differentiation in B6 cells in vitro without RANKL; however, DAP12−/− and DAP12−/−FcRγ−/− OC cultures were not rescued. We conclude that OC differentiation during estrogen deficiency induced osteoporosis bypasses the requirement of ITAM signaling and the unidentified novel effect is microenvironment dependent.
Activity Detection in Distributed MIMO: Distributed AMP via Likelihood Ratio Fusion (2022)

We develop a new algorithm for activity detection for grant-free multiple access in distributed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO). The algorithm is a distributed version of the approximate message passing (AMP) based on a soft combination of likelihood ratios computed independently at multiple access points. The underpinning theoretical basis of our algorithm is a new observation that we made about the state evolution in the AMP. Specifically, with a minimum mean-square error denoiser, the state maintains a block-diagonal structure whenever the covariance matrices of the signals have such a structure. We show by numerical examples that the algorithm outperforms competing schemes from the literature.
An Efficient Conversion of Camptothecin to 10-Hydroxycamptothecin (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleAn Efficient Conversion of Camptothecin to 10-HydroxycamptothecinJeffery L. Wood, Joseph M. Fortunak, Antonietta R. Mastrocola, Mark Mellinger, and Patrick L. BurkCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 17, 5739–5740Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1995https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00122a078RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views477Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (303 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Introduction to Functional Membranes (2021)

Membrane technology is a green and highly efficient separation method rapidly developed for gas and water treatments. As the core part of this technology, the functional membranes are used to selectively separate molecules or ions from an initial feed stream into a purified permeate stream and a rejected retentate stream. In this chapter, the functional membranes, including gas, liquid, and pervaporation separation membranes, are discussed. Moreover, the challenges and limitations of current membrane processes are critically analyzed. In addition, the state-of-the-art applications of the membranes, including gas separation fields, pervaporation fields, aqueous treatment, petroleum industrial treatment, and organic solvent separation fields, are summarized.
Energy Efficiency in Cache Enabled Small Cell Networks With Adaptive\n User Clustering (2017)

Using a network of cache enabled small cells, traffic during peak hours can\nbe reduced considerably through proactively fetching the content that is most\nprobable to be requested. In this paper, we aim at exploring the impact of\nproactive caching on an important metric for future generation networks,\nnamely, energy efficiency (EE). We argue that, exploiting the correlation in\nuser content popularity profiles in addition to the spatial repartitions of\nusers with comparable request patterns, can result in considerably improving\nthe achievable energy efficiency of the network. In this paper, the problem of\noptimizing EE is decoupled into two related subproblems. The first one\naddresses the issue of content popularity modeling. While most existing works\nassume similar popularity profiles for all users in the network, we consider an\nalternative caching framework in which, users are clustered according to their\ncontent popularity profiles. In order to showcase the utility of the proposed\nclustering scheme, we use a statistical model selection criterion, namely\nAkaike information criterion (AIC). Using stochastic geometry, we derive a\nclosed-form expression of the achievable EE and we find the optimal active\nsmall cell density vector that maximizes it. The second subproblem investigates\nthe impact of exploiting the spatial repartitions of users with comparable\nrequest patterns. After considering a snapshot of the network, we formulate a\ncombinatorial optimization problem that enables to optimize content placement\nsuch that the used transmission power is minimized. Numerical results show that\nthe clustering scheme enable to considerably improve the cache hit probability\nand consequently the EE compared with an unclustered approach. Simulations also\nshow that the small base station allocation algorithm results in improving the\nenergy efficiency and hit probability.\n
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF 2,3‐DIPHENYLTHIIRENE 1,1‐DIOXIDE WITH NUCLEOPHILES (1980)

Abstract In Gegenwart von Kronenether erhält man aus 2,3‐Diphenylthiiren‐l ,l‐dioxid (I) neben Diphenylacetylen (II) das Sulfonylfluorid (III).
Supplementary Figure 5 from Regulation of the Embryonic Morphogen Nodal by Notch4 Facilitates Manifestation of the Aggressive Melanoma Phenotype (2023)

Supplementary Figure 5 from Regulation of the Embryonic Morphogen Nodal by Notch4 Facilitates Manifestation of the Aggressive Melanoma Phenotype
A Current Control Technique for Induction Machine Drives Using Integrated Pilot Current Sensors in the Low-Side Switches (2007)

A new current regulation algorithm is presented that achieves indirect field-oriented control (IFOC) for three-phase induction motor drives using current feedback information provided by three integrated pilot sensors in the three low-side inverter switches. A new regulator is required for this configuration of pilot sensors because each sensor can measure its phase current during only half of each fundamental frequency cycle. A technique has been developed to reconstruct the three phase currents during the intervals when they are not measured so that the phase current can be used to achieve FOC of the machine. Experimental results are provided to confirm the attractive performance characteristics of the proposed control technique during both steady-state and transient operation. Key application issues including the impact of errors in the estimated machine parameters are discussed
Braking chopper solutions for Modular Multilevel Converters (2011)

In many converter applications, the usage of a braking chopper system is required for energy dissipation. Thus, braking chopper solutions need to be found for Modular Multilevel Converters (MMLC). This paper describes braking chopper solutions for the indirect and the direct MMLC. For each converter topology a solution utilizing cells is analyzed. Additionally, taking the direct MMLC as an example, a solution which utilizes thyristors is shown. All chopper solutions have been simulated; this paper shows some of these simulation results.
Conformational Flexibility in ς70 Region 2 during Transcription Initiation (2002)

Prokaryotic RNA polymerase holoenzyme is composed of core subunits (alpha(2)betabeta'omega) plus a sigma factor that confers promoter specificity allowing for regulation of gene expression. Holoenzyme is known to undergo several conformational changes during the multiple steps of transcription initiation. However, the effects of these changes on the functions of specific regions have not been well characterized. In this work, we addressed the role of possible conformational change in region 2 of Escherichia coli sigma(70) by engineering disulfide bonds that "lock" region 2.1 with region 2.2 and region 2.2 with region 2.3. When these mutant holoenzymes were characterized for gross defects in multiple-round transcription, we found that insertion of either disulfide bond did not result in a fundamental block, indicating that the disulfide-containing holoenzymes are active. However, both disulfide-containing holoenzymes exhibited defects in formation and stability of the open complex. Our results suggest that conformational flexibility within sigma(70) region 2 facilitates open complex formation and transcription initiation.
Health-related quality of life of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in Asia: how can this be improved? (2010)

The multicultural and multilinguistic landscape in Asia poses interesting challenges in the assessment and improvement of Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in Asian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This article highlights some of these challenges and addresses the issue of how to improve HRQoL of these patients by: (1) framing important concepts in HRQoL in relation to the chronic relapsing nature and multisystem involvement in this condition; (2) discussing ways to improve measurement of HRQoL of SLE patients in Asia by reviewing existing HRQoL instruments (both generic (i.e. the SF-36) and disease-specific (i.e. the L-QoL, LupusQoL, SLEQoL and SLE Symptom Checklist)) and item banking; and (3) discussing approaches to improving HRQoL in SLE.
AT ACS: First Phase Control System And ItsExperimental Test Results (1998)

The test run of AT ACS (Advanced Train Administration And Communications System)** which is managed by East Japan Railway Company was carried out. AT ACS is a radio communication-based train control system. Hitachi, Ltd. developed three field controller sets (a set constructed form a main controller and a sub-controller), two management servers and two sets of a on-board controller for two test trains. Outputs from main and sub-field controllers are mixed and transmitted to vehicles, and these data are verified by the on-board controller. Virtual trains generated in field controllers were also used in field test runs. Open & close control and handover control of communication channels were performed in the field controllers. A hazard state never happened in these test runs. Transactions on the Built Environment vol 34, © 1998 WIT Press, www.witpress.com, ISSN 1743-3509
Simulation of large-scale sensor networks using GTSNetS (2005)

We present a sensor network simulation environment that allows users to evaluate the effects of different architectural choices and strategies on the lifetime and performance of a sensor network. Our tool can also be used to evaluate new approaches (routing protocols, cooperation algorithms), and compare them with the ones already in place. This simulator is an extension of the Georgia Tech Network Simulator (GTNetS) and leverages its design choices for maximum performance. It incorporates models for the different functional units composing a sensor node and characterizes the energy consumption of each. It also has a model for a network base station and its interactions with the rest of the network. We report our results from a set of tests that demonstrate some of the capabilities of our simulator. In particular, we were able to simulate sensor networks of several hundred thousand nodes while using less than 2 GB of memory, which exceeds the capabilities of existing simulators by an order of magnitude. The simulator is also used to study the performance of an algorithm that assigns globally unique IDs to nodes in a sensor network.
Collaborative engineering: 3-D optical imaging and gas exchange simulation of in-vitro alveolar constructs. (2008)

This paper reports on the computational simulation and modeling of an in vitro alveolar construct system along the optical coherence microscopy (OCM) methods for visualizing engineered tissue. The optical imaging methods will be compared to immunohistochemical light microscopy samples of engineered alveolar constructs. Results show depth images of the alveolar tissue construct for a bilayer construct, as well as predictions of the gas exchange process in a simple model of a bio-reactor hosting the construct.
New One‐Pot Cross‐Coupling Reaction Between Grignard Reagents and Alkoxymethyldiphenylphosphonium Iodides in situ‐Formed from Alcohols, Chlorodiphenylphosphine and Iodomethane. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Simple battery armor to protect against gastrointestinal injury from accidental ingestion (2014)

Inadvertent battery ingestion in children and the associated morbidity and mortality results in thousands of emergency room visits every year. Given the risk for serious electrochemical burns within hours of ingestion, the current standard of care for the treatment of batteries in the esophagus is emergent endoscopic removal. Safety standards now regulate locked battery compartments in toys, which have resulted in a modest reduction in inadvertent battery ingestion; specifically, 3,461 ingestions were reported in 2009, and 3,366 in 2013. Aside from legislation, minimal technological development has taken place at the level of the battery to limit injury. We have constructed a waterproof, pressure-sensitive coating, harnessing a commercially available quantum tunneling composite. Quantum tunneling composite coated (QTCC) batteries are nonconductive in the low-pressure gastrointestinal environment yet conduct within the higher pressure of standard battery housings. Importantly, this coating technology enables most battery-operated equipment to be powered without modification. If these new batteries are swallowed, they limit the external electrolytic currents responsible for tissue injury. We demonstrate in a large-animal model a significant decrease in tissue injury with QTCC batteries compared with uncoated control batteries. In summary, here we describe a facile approach to increasing the safety of batteries by minimizing the risk for electrochemical burn if the batteries are inadvertently ingested, without the need for modification of most battery-powered devices.
Block merging for quadtree-based partitioning in HEVC (2012)

With the prospective High Effciency Video Coding (HEVC) standard as jointly developed by ITU-T VCEG and ISO/IEC MPEG, a new step in video compression capability is achieved. Technically, HEVC is a hybrid video-coding approach using quadtree-based block partitioning together with motion-compensated prediction. Even though a high degree of adaptability is achieved by quadtree-based block partitioning, this approach is intrinsically tied to certain drawbacks which may result in redundant sets of motion parameters to be transmitted. In order to remove those redundancies, a block-merging algorithm for HEVC is proposed. This algorithm generates a single motion-parameter set for a whole region of contiguous motion-compensated blocks. Simulation results show that the proposed merging technique works more effciently than a conceptually similar direct mode.
Trivial Low Energy States for Commuting Hamiltonians, and the Quantum PCP Conjecture (2012)

We consider whether or not Hamiltonians which are sums of commuting projectors have "trivial" ground states which can be constructed by a local quantum circuit of bounded depth and range acting on a product state. While the toric code only has nontrivial ground states, commuting projector Hamiltonians which are sums of two-body interactions have trivial ground states. We define an "interaction complex" for a Hamiltonian, generalizing the interaction graph, and we show that if this complex can be continuously mapped to a 1-complex using a map with bounded diameter of pre-images then the Hamiltonian has a trivial ground state assuming one technical condition on the Hamiltonian (this condition holds for all stabilizer Hamiltonians, and we also prove the result for all Hamiltonians under an assumption on the 1-complex). While this includes cases considered by Ref., it also includes other Hamiltonians whose interaction complexes cannot be coarse-grained into the case of Ref. One motivation for this is the quantum PCP conjecture. Many commonly studied interaction complexes can be mapped to a 1-complex after removing a small fraction of sites. For commuting projector Hamiltonians on such complexes, a trivial ground state for the Hamiltonian with those sites removed is a low energy trivial state for the original Hamiltonian. Such states can act as a classical witness to the existence of a low energy state. While this result applies only to commuting Hamiltonians, it suggests that to prove a quantum PCP conjecture one should consider interaction complexes which cannot be mapped to 1-complexes after removing a small fraction of cells. We define this more precisely below; in a sense this generalizes the idea of an expander graph. Surprisingly, such complexes do exist as will be shown elsewhere, and have useful properties in quantum coding theory.
A sub-wavelength Si LED integrated in a CMOS platform (2023)

A nanoscale on-chip light source with high intensity is desired for various applications in integrated photonics systems. However, it is challenging to realize such an emitter using materials and fabrication processes compatible with the standard integrated circuit technology. In this letter, we report an electrically driven Si light-emitting diode with sub-wavelength emission area fabricated in an open-foundry microelectronics complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor platform. The light-emitting diode emission spectrum is centered around 1100 nm and the emission area is smaller than 0.14 μm<sup>2</sup> (~[Formula: see text] nm). This light-emitting diode has high spatial intensity of >50 mW/cm<sup>2</sup> which is comparable with state-of-the-art Si-based emitters with much larger emission areas. Due to sub-wavelength confinement, the emission exhibits a high degree of spatial coherence, which is demonstrated by incorporating the light-emitting diode into a compact lensless in-line holographic microscope. This centimeter-scale, all-silicon microscope utilizes a single emitter to simultaneously illuminate ~9.5 million pixels of a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor imager.
The Natural Diyne-Furan Fatty Acid EV-086 Is an Inhibitor of Fungal Delta-9 Fatty Acid Desaturation with Efficacy in a Model of Skin Dermatophytosis (2013)

Human fungal infections represent a therapeutic challenge. Although effective strategies for treatment are available, resistance is spreading, and many therapies have unacceptable side effects. A clear need for novel antifungal targets and molecules is thus emerging. Here, we present the identification and characterization of the plant-derived diyne-furan fatty acid EV-086 as a novel antifungal compound. EV-086 has potent and broad-spectrum activity in vitro against Candida, Aspergillus, and Trichophyton spp., whereas activities against bacteria and human cell lines are very low. Chemical-genetic profiling of Saccharomyces cerevisiae deletion mutants identified lipid metabolic processes and organelle organization and biogenesis as targets of EV-086. Pathway modeling suggested that EV-086 inhibits delta-9 fatty acid desaturation, an essential process in S. cerevisiae, depending on the delta-9 fatty acid desaturase OLE1. Delta-9 unsaturated fatty acids-but not saturated fatty acids-antagonized the EV-086-mediated growth inhibition, and transcription of the OLE1 gene was strongly upregulated in the presence of EV-086. EV-086 increased the ratio of saturated to unsaturated free fatty acids and phosphatidylethanolamine fatty acyl chains, respectively. Furthermore, EV-086 was rapidly taken up into the lipid fraction of the cell and incorporated into phospholipids. Together, these findings demonstrate that EV-086 is an inhibitor of delta-9 fatty acid desaturation and that the mechanism of inhibition might involve an EV-086-phospholipid. Finally, EV-086 showed efficacy in a guinea pig skin dermatophytosis model of topical Trichophyton infection, which demonstrates that delta-9 fatty acid desaturation is a valid antifungal target, at least for dermatophytoses.
Supplementary Video S2C from First-in-Human Study of the Radioligand <sup>68</sup>Ga-N188 Targeting Nectin-4 for PET/CT Imaging of Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;40 min full dynamic Total-body PET imaging of Patient 6&lt;/p&gt;