gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stereoselective Tandem Bis-Electrophile Couplings of Diborylmethane (2017)

A copper-catalyzed three-component linchpin coupling method for the stereoselective union of readily available epoxides and allyl electrophiles is disclosed. Transformations employ [B(pin)]<sub>2</sub>-methane as a conjunctive reagent, resulting in the formation of two C-C bonds at a single carbon center bearing a C(sp<sup>3</sup>) organoboron functional group. Products are obtained in 42-99% yield, and up to >20:1 dr. The utility of the approach is highlighted by stereospecific transformations entailing allylation, tandem cross coupling, and application to the synthesis 1,3-polyol motifs.
Quantification of the acoustic radiation force applied to cells adhered to a culture dish (2022)

Cell culture technology is a fundamental technology of biotechnology. In adherent cell culture, cell detachment from culture vessel is an essential process. Although enzyme-based cell detachment is the widely accepted technique, it damages cells. Nowadays, cell detachment technique utilizing ultrasound has been proposed. When ultrasound vibration is applied to the bottom of a culture dish, the acoustic radiation force is given to cells, resulting in cell detachment. For the implementation of cell detachment, the acoustic radiation force on cells should be quantified. Therefore, we developed the device to quantify the acoustic radiation force applied to the cells adhered to a culture dish.
Renal markers for monitoring acute kidney injury transition to chronic kidney disease after COVID-19 (2021)

Clinical Trial Registration Information URL http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT04353583.
Immune-Mediated Damage Completes the Parabola: Cryptococcus neoformans Pathogenesis Can Reflect the Outcome of a Weak or Strong Immune Response (2017)

Cryptococcosis occurs most frequently in immunocompromised individuals. This has led to the prevailing view that this disease is the result of weak immune responses that cannot control the fungus. However, increasingly, clinical and experimental studies have revealed that the host immune response can contribute to cryptococcal pathogenesis, including the recent study of L. M. Neal et al. (mBio 8:e01415-17, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.01415-17) that reports that CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells mediate tissue damage in experimental murine cryptococcosis. This finding has fundamental implications for our understanding of the pathogenesis of cryptococcal disease; it helps explain why immunotherapy has been largely unsuccessful in treatment and provides insight into the paradoxical observation that HIV-associated cryptococcosis may have a better prognosis than cryptococcosis in those with no known immune impairment. The demonstration that host-mediated damage can drive cryptococcal disease provides proof of concept that the parabola put forth in the damage-response framework has the flexibility to depict complex and changing outcomes of host-microbe interaction.
Target motion measurement without implanted markers and its validation by comparison with manually obtained data (2005)

For an effective radiotherapy the exact tumor location must be determined. The localization has to take into account patient's setup position as well as internal organ motion. Among the different localization methods, the use of a computer tomography (CT) scanner in the therapy room has been proposed recently. Achieving a CT with the patient on the therapy couch, a patient's treatment position is captured. We present a method to locate tumor considering internal organ motion and displacements due to respiration. We tested the method with prostate and lung patients. The method found the most probable tumor position as well as, for high-mobility tumors located in the lung, its trajectory during the respiratory cycle. The results of this novel method were validated by comparison with manually determined target position.
Heap compression for memory-constrained Java environments (2003)

Java is becoming the main software platform for consumer and embedded devices such as mobile phones, PDAs, TV set-top boxes, and in-vehicle systems. Since many of these systems are memory constrained, it is extremely important to keep the memory footprint of Java applications under control.The goal of this work is to enable the execution of Java applications using a smaller heap footprint than that possible using current embedded JVMs. We propose a set of memory management strategies to reduce heap footprint of embedded Java applications that execute under severe memory constraints. Our first contribution is a new garbage collector, referred to as the Mark-Compact-Compress (MCC) collector, that allows an application to run with a heap smaller than its footprint. An important characteristic of this collector is that it compresses objects when heap compaction is not sufficient for creating space for the current allocation request. In addition to employing compression, we also consider a heap management strategy and associated garbage collector, called MCL (Mark-Compact-Lazy Allocate), based on lazy allocation of object portions. This new collector operates like the conventional Mark-Compact (MC) collector, but takes advantage of the observation that many Java applications create large objects, of which only a small portion is actually used. In addition, we also combine MCC and MCL, and present MCCL (Mark-Compact-Compress-Lazy Al-locate), which outperforms both MCC and MCL.We have implemented these collectors using KVM, and performed extensive experiments using a set of ten embedded Java applications. We have found our new garbage collection strategies to be useful in two main aspects. First, they reduce the minimum heap size necessary to execute an application without out-of-memory exception. Second, our strategies reduce the heap occupancy. That is, at a given time, they reduce the heap memory requirement of the application being executed. We have also conducted experiments with a more aggressive object compression strategy and discussed its main advantages.
OAT3-Mediated Extrusion of the 99mTc-ECD Metabolite in the Mouse Brain (2014)

After administration of the (99m)Tc complex with N,N'-1,2-ethylenediylbis-L-cysteine diethyl ester ((99m)Tc-ECD), a brain perfusion imaging agent, the radioactive metabolite is trapped in primate brain, but not in mouse and rat. Here, we investigate the involvement of metabolite extrusion by organic anion transporter 3 (OAT3), which is highly expressed at the blood-brain barrier in mice, in this species difference. The efflux rate of radioactivity in the cerebrum of Oat3(-/-) mice at later phase was 20% of that of control mice. Thus, organic anion transporters in mouse brain would be involved in the low brain retention of radioactivity after (99m)Tc-ECD administration.
Transport performance of a transparent WDM regional area ring network utilizing optimized components/fiber (2002)

We present excellent performance results (Q-factor>10) for a transparent regional-size ring network based on application-optimized optical layer components and fiber. The network consists of 6 nodes interconnected with 86.5 km-spans of uncompensated negative dispersion fiber (520 km-ring circumference n no dispersion compensation) and supports 32 directly modulated channels operating at 2.5 Gb/s (80 Gb/s capacity).
Man-machine interface design for timesharing systems (1976)

This paper presents a design approach and design criteria for the man-machine interface in timesharing systems. A conceptual view of timesharing systems is outlined, focusing on the interface between the user and the capabilities of the system. We consider user needs and requirements for this interface and suggest design guidelines and approaches to meet these needs. Finally, we propose a model on which design and design standardization might be based and briefly sketch a design methodology.
Aspects of selective oxidation and ammoxidation mechanisms over bismuth molybdate catalysts. 3. Substituent effects in the selective oxidation of allylbenzenes (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAspects of selective oxidation and ammoxidation mechanisms over bismuth molybdate catalysts. 3. Substituent effects in the selective oxidation of allylbenzenesJ. D. Burrington, C. T. Kartisek, and R. K. GrasselliCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 9, 1877–1882Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00322a026https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00322a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views203Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Towards the Development of a Bioartificial Pancreas: Long-Term In Vitro Functions of Immunoisolated Mouse Insulinoma Cells (1996)

Abstract A promising method for the long-term treatment of diabetes mellitus consists of the implantation of a functional bioartificial construct containing insulin-secreting cells. Cells are isolated from the immune system of the host by encapsulation in a synthetic semipermeable membrane which allows passage of cellular nutrients and metabolites, including insulin, but excludes antibodies and cytotoxic cells of the host. The effectiveness of such implants in restoring normoglycemia has been repeatedly demonstrated in both small and large diabetic animal models. A limitation to the large-scale application of such implants is cell availability. We are thus investigating the development of stable, functional bioartificial constructs based on transformed insulin-secreting cells that can be amplified in culture thus relaxing the cell availability constrain.
ChemInform Abstract: BLEOMYCIN: SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURAL VERIFICATION OF THE TRIPEPTIDE S AND TETRAPEPTIDE S MOIETIES (1980)

Abstract Die Tripeptid S‐(IVc) und die Tetrapeptid S‐Einheit (VIc) des im Titelgenannten Antitumor‐Antibiotikums (I) werden synthetisiert: 1. Kondensation des aus der Säure (IIa) erhältlichen Amids (IIb) mit dem Threoninat (III), Hydrolyse des Produkts (IVa) [‐ (IVb)] und Reaktion von (IVb) mit Dimethylsulfid/Pb‐dinitrat liefern (IVc).
Cerulenin-induced apoptosis is mediated by disrupting the interaction between AIF and hexokinase II (2012)

Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is a key enzyme that plays a critical role in numerous metabolic functions by catalyzing the synthesis for long-chain fatty acids. FASN is highly expressed in various human cancers. This preferential expression makes FASN an attractive target for anticancer therapy. Hexokinase II (HKII) is overexpressed in most cancer cells, and it generally localizes to the outer mitochondrial membrane. Recent studies have demonstrated the protective role of mitochondrial HKII in preservation of mitochondrial integrity. The association of hexokinase with mitochondria has emerged as a powerful mechanism in protecting numerous cell types against cell death. We performed this study to examine the mechanism underlying apoptosis induced by cerulenin and with specific focus on its effect on HKII in ZR-75-1 human breast cancer cells. Additionally, we sought to elucidate whether inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway can potentiate the anticancer effect of cerulenin. Here, we showed that cerulenin disrupts the physical association between HKII and AIF, leading to eventual cell death. In addition, LY294002, a PI3K/Akt inhibitor, sensitized ZR-75-1 breast cancer cells to cerulenin-induced apoptosis. Collectively, cerulenin induces apoptosis via disrupting the interaction between AIF and HKII and inhibition of PI3K sensitizes cells to cerulenin-induced apoptosis in ZR-75-1 cells.
Risk factors for nosocomial infection in the neonatal intensive care unit by the Japanese Nosocomial Infection Surveillance (JANIS). (2008)

We evaluated the infection risks in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) using data of NICU infection surveillance data. The subjects were 871 NICU babies, consisting of 465 boys and 406 girls, who were cared for between June 2002 and January 2003 in 7 medical institutions that employed NICU infection surveillance. Infections were defined according to the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance (NNIS) System. Of the 58 babies with nosocomial infections, 15 had methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the odds ratio for nosocomial infections was significantly related to gender, birth weight and the insertion of a central venous catheter (CVC). When the birth weight group of more than 1, 500 g was regarded as the reference, the odds ratio was 2.35 in the birth weight group of 1,000-1,499 g and 8.82 in the birth weight group of less than 1,000g. The odds ratio of the CVC (+) for nosocomial infection was 2.27. However, other devices including artificial ventilation, umbilical artery catheter, umbilical venous catheter, and urinary catheter were not significant risk factors. The incidence of MRSA infection rapidly increased from 0.3% in the birth weight group of more than 1,500 g to 2.1% in the birth weight group of 1,000-1,499 g, and to 11.1% in the birth weight group of less than 1,000g. When the birth weight group of more than 1,500 g was regarded as the reference, multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the odds ratio was 7.25 in the birth weight group of 1,000-1,499 g and 42.88 in the birth weight group of less than 1,000g. These odds ratios were significantly higher than that in the reference group. However, the application of devices did not cause any significant differences in the odds ratio for MRSA infection.
PSXIII-28 Inclusion of Soybean Hulls in Extruded Diets for Adult Cats: Effects on Apparent Total Tract Macronutrient Digestibility, Fecal Quality, and Fermentative End-Product Concentrations. (2018)

Soybean hulls (SBH), a co-product of the soybean oil extraction process, is an accessible and economical fiber source. However, limited research is available on SBH in feline nutrition. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of SBH inclusion on apparent total tract (ATT) macronutrient digestibility, fecal quality, and fermentative end-products in diets of cats. Four diets were formulated with either no fiber (NF), SBH, beet pulp (BP), or cellulose (CL). The fiber treatments were formulated to achieve approximately 15% total dietary fiber (TDF). Eight adult male cats were used in a replicated 4x4 Latin square design. Each period consisted of 14 d, with 10 d of diet adaptation followed by 4 d of total fecal collections. Food was offered twice daily. As-is fecal output did not differ in cats fed BP or SBH and fecal output on a DMB did not differ among all fiber treatments. The ATT digestibilities of dry matter, organic matter, and gross energy were greater (P < 0.05) in cats fed NF when compared to those fed BP, CL, or SBH. Cats fed CL had the greatest ATT CP digestibility (88.5%), followed by cats fed NF (84.9%) and SBH (81.7%) and lowest (77%) for cats fed BP diet. Acid hydrolyzed fat digestibility was greater for cats fed CL (92.9%) than cats fed BP (86.9%) and SBH (88.6%). The TDF ATT digestibility was lowest in cats fed NF and CL (8.5 and 15.1%, respectively), followed by SBH (18.0%) and BP (33.7%). Total short-chain fatty acid concentration was greatest in cats fed BP (699.7 μmole/g) when compared to the other three treatments. In conclusion, high inclusion of SBH resulted in similar ATT macronutrient digestibility and fecal characteristics when compared to BP and CL and is a suitable fiber source in feline diets.
Stereoscopic Imaging through Turbid Media using Couple of Microlens Array (2006)

A new method for 3D imaging of hidden objects in a turbid media is experimentally tested. Objects hidden between two biological tissues at different depths are recovered, and their 3D locations are computed.
Revisiting the dependence of retention factor on the content of organic component in the mobile phase in reversed‐phase HPLC (2023)

In high-performance liquid chromatography, the dependence of retention factor k on volumetric fraction ϕ of organic phase is expressed by log k = F(ϕ) with F(ϕ) obtained by measuring log k at different ϕ values. From F(ϕ), a value k<sub>w</sub> is calculated by taking ϕ = 0. The equation log k = F(ϕ) is applied for predicting k, and k<sub>w</sub> is a descriptor of hydrophobic character of solutes and stationary phases. Calculated k<sub>w</sub> should not depend on the nature of organic component of mobile phase but extrapolation procedure leads to different k<sub>w</sub> for different organic components. The present study shows that the expression of F(ϕ) changes depending on the range of ϕ and the same function F(ϕ) cannot be used for the full range of ϕ from 0 to 1. Consequently, k<sub>w</sub> obtained by extrapolation of ϕ to zero is not correct because the expression of F(ϕ) was generated by fitting the data using ϕ with higher values. The present study shows the proper way to obtain the value of k<sub>w</sub> .
Ocular resurfacing and alloepithelial rejection in a murine keratoepithelioplasty model. (1995)

In donor corneal lenticule grafting to host eyes with corneal epithelium removed and conjunctival peritomy, the ocular surface was reepithelialized by lenticule-derived epithelium. Alloepithelial rejection in this model displayed characteristic manifestations and well-defined processes, enabling easy and precise evaluation of onset and intensity of graft rejection. Both major and minor histocompatibility antigens are related to corneal epithelial rejection.
An in vitro study of needle force penetration comparing a standard linear insertion to the new bidirectional rotation insertion technique. (1984)

The bidirectional rotation insertion technique required two to three times less force than did a standard linear insertion technique. A continuous rotation in a single direction would be expected to produce similar results. Needle gauge and needle design have a smaller effect on reducing force penetration than did the technique used during insertion. The in vitro model used in this study represents a reliable dynamic testing system that can be used for future evaluation of needles.
Generalized analysis of soft-switching DC-DC converters (2002)

The analysis for a given soft-switching DC-DC converter family can be generalized using the switching-cell of that family leading to a number of generalized equations with a transformation table. In this paper, the concept of generalization and step by step procedure for the generalized process are discussed and applied to selected soft-switching families such as ZVS-QRC, ZCS-QRC, ZCS-CC QSW, ZVS-CV QSW, ZCT-PWM, and ZVT-PWM. Also, it has been noted that all the analyzed families have one generalized transformation table. It will be shown that the generalized analysis leads to several advantages.
Evidence for a physiological role of corticosteroid binder IB (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEvidence for a physiological role of corticosteroid binder IBRadmila D. Markovic, Howard J. Eisen, L. Gerald Parchman, C. A. Barnett, and Gerald LitwackCite this: Biochemistry 1980, 19, 20, 4556–4564Publication Date (Print):September 30, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 30 September 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00561a003https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00561a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views27Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An Integrated Approach Linking Process to Structural Modeling With Microstructural Characterization for Injections-Molded Long-Fiber Thermoplastics (2008)

The objective of our work is to enable the optimum design of lightweight automotive structural components using injection-molded long fiber thermoplastics (LFTs). To this end, an integrated approach that links process modeling to structural analysis with experimental microstructural characterization and validation is developed. First, process models for LFTs are developed and implemented into processing codes (e.g. ORIENT, Moldflow) to predict the microstructure of the as-formed composite (i.e. fiber length and orientation distributions). In parallel, characterization and testing methods are developed to obtain necessary microstructural data to validate process modeling predictions. Second, the predicted LFT composite microstructure is imported into a structural finite element analysis by ABAQUS to determine the response of the as-formed composite to given boundary conditions. At this stage, constitutive models accounting for the composite microstructure are developed to predict various types of behaviors (i.e. thermoelastic, viscoelastic, elastic-plastic, damage, fatigue, and impact) of LFTs. Experimental methods are also developed to determine material parameters and to validate constitutive models. Such a process-linked-structural modeling approach allows an LFT composite structure to be designed with confidence through numerical simulations. Some recent results of our collaborative research will be illustrated to show the usefulness and applications of this integrated approach.
Coherent Beam Combining with Gradient-Index Optics (2016)

We present a new method of coherent beam combining utilizing gradient index optics to convert multiple laser beams into a single beam. Both ray and wave theory are employed to design a highly efficient combiner.
Three-dimensional Lithography via Digital Holography (2012)

We report on a novel maskless-lithography technique to fabricate three-dimensional microstructures via digital holography. The hologram design to generate 3D light field for photoresist exposure is optimized by a modified version of the direct-binary-search algorithm.
Supplementary Table 4 from Loss of E-Cadherin Promotes Metastasis via Multiple Downstream Transcriptional Pathways (2023)

Supplementary Table 4 from Loss of E-Cadherin Promotes Metastasis via Multiple Downstream Transcriptional Pathways