gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Casimir forces in the time domain: Theory (2009)

We present a method to compute Casimir forces in arbitrary geometries and for arbitrary materials based on the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) scheme. The method involves the time evolution of electric and magnetic fields in response to a set of current sources, in a modified medium with frequency-independent conductivity. The advantage of this approach is that it allows one to exploit existing FDTD software, without modification, to compute Casimir forces. In this paper, we focus on the derivation, implementation choices, and essential properties of the time-domain algorithm, both considered analytically and illustrated in the simplest parallel-plate geometry.
Domain wall resistivity in epitaxial thin film microstructures (2001)

This article reviews our recent experimental studies of domain wall (DW) resistivity in epitaxial transition metal ferromagnetic thin film microstructures with stripe domains. The results are presented and analysed in the context of models of DW scattering and conventional magnetoresistance (MR) effects in ferromagnetic metals. Microstructures of progressively higher magnetic anisotropy and thus smaller DW widths have been studied, including; bcc Fe, hcp Co and L1◦ FePt. The magnetic domain structure of these materials have been investigated using magnetic force microscopy and micromagnetic simulations. In Fe and Co the dominant sources of low-field MR are ferromagnetic resistivity anisotropy, due to both anisotropic MR (AMR) and the Lorentz MR. In Fe, at low temperature, a novel negative DW contribution to the MR has been found. Hcp Co microstructures show a greater resistivity for current perpendicular to DWs than for current parallel to DWs, that is consistent with a small (positive) DW resistivity and a Hall effect mechanism. High anisotropy L1◦ FePt microstructures show strong evidence for an intrinsic DW contribution to the resistivity. Related studies and future directions are also discussed.
Information-maximizing caching in Ad Hoc networks with named data networking (2013)

Named data networking has emerged as a new architectural paradigm that replaces host-based addressing in today's networks with content-centric addressing. Rather than assigning IP addresses to hosts, it assigns names to data objects and supports hierarchical name spaces. This paper explores the benefits of naming data for the design of information-maximizing caching policies in ad hoc networks. It is shown that the approach allows development of caching policies for ad hoc networks that simultaneously offer (i) better quality of information (in terms of coverage), (ii) higher throughput (in terms of responses per query), and (iii) lower latency.
Terminal Heart Disease in Pediatric Cardiology—Improvement of Disease Management by Pediatric Palliative Home Care (2019)

Objectives: As of the past, only few treatment options sustained for pediatric cardiac patients with terminal heart diseases. Pediatric Palliative Home Care (PPHC) offers a new approach to disease management within this collective. With Germany 2007 health reform, outpatient palliative care for children and adolescents was restructured and initially implemented at the university hospital for children and adolescents in Nuremberg-Erlangen in 2009, offering a “out of the box” interdisciplinary service for cardiac patients.
Matrix Metalloproteinase-19 is Expressed by Keratinocytes in Psoriasis (2003)

Keratinocyte hyperproliferation, inflammatory infiltrates, neoangiogenesis and alterations in cytokine levels are hallmarks of psoriatic skin. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been associated with the remodeling of the extracellular matrix during inflammation, neovascularization, and malignant transformation. We have previously shown that particularly MMP-12 is abundantly expressed by macrophages and MMP-9 in macrophages and neutrophils of psoriatic lesions. In this work the expression of two novel metalloproteinases, MMP-19 and MMP-28, was investigated in psoriatic lesional and non-lesional skin. MMP-19 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry in 28/29 samples in keratinocytes in the same regions as Ki67 (marker of proliferating keratinocytes) and p63 (marker of keratinocyte stem cells). Immunosignaling was also seen in endothelial cells and fibroblasts. Furthermore, MMP-19 mRNA was upregulated in psoriatic keratinocytes and skin as assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. In lichen planus and lichenoid chronic dermatitis, MMP-19 staining was found in keratinocytes in areas where the basement membrane was abnormal. MMP-28 was not detected in psoriatic or non-lesional skin. Our results suggest that keratinocytes as well as the previously reported cell types (smooth muscle, endothelial and macrophages) can express MMP-19 in psoriasis and lichen planus. Upregulation of MMP-19 in keratinocytes may be influenced by changes in the architecture of the basement membrane zone.
First Record of A New Microsporidium Pathogenic to the Eucalyptus Snout Beetle in Brazil (2021)

Abstract Microsporidia are naturally occurring fungal-related parasites that can infect nearly all animal hosts, but their biocontrol potential of insect pests is routinely overlooked in agriculture and forestry. This research brings the first report describing the natural occurrence of a microsporidium causing disease in field-collected populations of the invasive eucalyptus snout beetle, Gonipterus platensis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), a major destructive pest of eucalyptus plantations in Brazil. Adult beetles were collected during field surveys in commercial eucalyptus plantations in southern Brazil to be examined and dissected with typical symptoms to verify presence of microsporidian spores in haemolymph. From 14 plantations in different sites, the natural infection occurrence in these populations ranged from 0 to 65%, while a lab colony exhibited an infection incidence of 70%. Spore density in haemolymph of symptomatic insects averaged 2.1(±0.4) × 10 7 spores/mL. Symptoms in infected adults were identified by abnormal abdomen with malformation of the second pair of wings, impairing their flight activity. Electron transmission microscopy of the pathogen showed morphological features similar to species belonging to the genus Nosema or Vairimorpha. Phylogenetic analysis of the full-length small subunit ribosomal RNA gene suggests this pathogen’s placement in the genus Vairimorpha, but with a sequence identity of ~94% with the nearest neighbours. The low level of sequence identity suggests this pathogen may represent a novel taxon in the genus and further requires whole genome sequencing for definitive taxonomic resolution. These findings provide insights on the natural occurrence of this novel pathogen for potential use in biocontrol of this invasive pest in Eucalyptus plantations in Brazil, and prompts the design of conservative or augmentative strategies for the establishment of this microsporidium in field populations for sustainable management of eucalyptus snout beetles.
No difference in 90-day complications between bilateral unicompartmental and total knee arthroplasty. (2014)

This study compares the 90-day complication rate of 28 patients who underwent simultaneous bilateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) with a matched control group of 56 patients who underwent simultaneous total knee arthroplasty (TKA.) We matched the groups 2:1 for age, gender, and American Society of Anesthesiologists scores and reviewed their medical records to identify complications, reoperations, and hospital readmission during the first 90 days after surgery as well as the operative times and length of hospital stay. The bilateral UKA group had shorter operative times (P = 0.06) and shorter length of hospital stay (P < 0.001). Ninety-day complications in the UKA group included 1 wound infection and 1 deep vein thrombosis (3.57%). The TKA group had 2 complications including 1 superficial wound infection and 1 pulmonary embolism (1.79%) (P = 0.60). One knee in each group required irrigation and debridement for wound infection. These patients requiring additional surgery for wound infection were the only 2 patients that required readmission within 90 days. Despite being a less invasive procedure, we found that the bilateral UKA group had a similar risk of complications to a matched group of bilateral TKA patients.
Chain-Growth SuFEx Polycondensation: Molecular Weight Control and Synthesis of Degradable Polysulfates (2021)

Sulfur (Ⅵ) fluoride exchange (SuFEx) click chemistry has offered a facile and reliable approach to produce polysul-fates and polysulfonates. However, the current SuFEx polymerization methods lack precise control of target molecular weight and dispersity. Herein, we report the first chain-growth SuFEx polycondensation process by exploiting unique reactivity and selectivity of S-F bonds under SuFEx catalysis. Given the higher reactivity of iminosulfur oxydifluoride versus fluorosulfate, the chain-growth SuFEx polycondensation is realized by using an iminosulfur oxydifluoride-containing compound as the reactive chain initiator and deactivated AB-type aryl silyl ether-fluorosulfates bearing an electron-withdrawing group as monomers. When DBU was utilized as the polymerization catalyst, precise control over polymer molecular weight and polydispersity are achieved. The resulting polymers possess great thermal stability but are easily degradable under mild acidic and basic conditions.
Prokineticin 1 modulates IL-8 expression via the calcineurin/NFAT signaling pathway (2009)

Prokineticins and their receptors are expressed in various cellular compartments in human endometrium, with prokineticin 1 (PROK1) showing a dynamic pattern of expression across the menstrual cycle and during pregnancy. Previous studies suggest that PROK1 can play an important role in implantation and early pregnancy by inducing vascular remodeling and increasing vascular permeability. Here we demonstrate that PROK1 induces the expression of IL-8, a chemokine with angiogenic properties, in endometrial epithelial Ishikawa cells stably expressing prokineticin receptor 1 and in human first trimester decidua. We also show that IL-8 promoter activity is induced by PROK1 and that this requires the presence of AP1 and NFAT motifs. The role of calcineurin/NFAT signaling pathway is confirmed by the use of specific chemical inhibitors. Additionally, PROK1 induces the expression of the regulator of calcineurin 1 isoform 4 (RCAN1-4) via the calcineurin/NFAT pathway. A modulatory role for RCAN1-4 is demonstrated by RCAN1-4 overexpression which results in the inhibition of PROK1-induced IL-8 expression whereas reduction in RCAN1-4 endogenous expression results in an increase in PROK1-induced IL-8 production. Our findings show that in endometrial cells PROK1 can activate the calcineurin/NFAT pathway to induce IL-8 expression and that this is negatively modulated by the induction of expression of RCAN1-4.
Enhanced light emission from dye doped polymer layers using surface plasmons (2006)

We have experimentally verified that the emission of visible light from dye doped polymers can be enhanced with the use of surface plasmon coupling. We have observed an eleven-fold enhancement of light emission.
Metal contact RF MEMS switch elements for ultra wideband RF front-end systems (2004)

Metal contact RF MEMS switch circuit elements have been developed to be used as building blocks for wideband signal routing. A switch element can have up to four switches fabricated monolithically on a single GaAs chip. More complicated switch circuits can be constructed by assembling multiple basic switch elements on a hybrid RF interconnection printed circuit board. In this paper, two basic types of switch functions are presented, single-pole multiple-throw switch elements and matrix switch elements. Measured insertion loss and isolation performances of these circuits are presented.
Lactate and Sequential Lactate−Glucose Sensing Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (2007)

Lactate production under anaerobic conditions is indicative of human performance levels, fatigue, and hydration. Elevated lactate levels result from several medical conditions including congestive heart failure, hypoxia, and diabetic ketoacidosis. Real-time detection of lactate can therefore be useful for monitoring these medical conditions, posttrauma situations, and in evaluating the physical condition of a person engaged in strenuous activity. This paper represents a proof-of-concept demonstration of a lactate sensor based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Furthermore, it points the direction toward a multianalyte sensing platform. A mixed decanethiol/mercaptohexanol partition layer is used herein to demonstrate SERS lactate sensing. The reversibility of the sensor surface is characterized by exposing it alternately to aqueous lactate solutions and buffer without lactate. The partitioning and departitioning time constants were both found to be approximately 30 s. In addition, physiological lactate levels (i.e., 6-240 mg/dL) were quantified in phosphate-buffered saline medium using multivariate analysis with a root-mean-square error of prediction of 39.6 mg/dL. Finally, reversibility was tested for sequential glucose and lactate exposures. Complete partitioning and departitioning of both analytes was demonstrated.
Achieving Reimbursement for Regenerative Medicine Products in the USA (2010)

Achieving reimbursement for regenerative medicine products is potentially a greater challenge than gaining US FDA approval, making it a decisive factor in the success or failure of small businesses. However, the mechanisms by which reimbursement is achieved are still seen as something of a 'black box', especially to those outside of the USA. This report aims to provide insights into the mechanisms of reimbursement and variety of payers in the USA, and to act as a starting point for a successful US reimbursement strategy. Fundamental concepts such as coverage, payment and coding are explained and linked with the factors that potentially determine the successful reimbursement of regenerative medicine products, including cost of goods and clinical study design. Finally, important considerations for the design of clinical studies that satisfy both the payers and the FDA are discussed and the key elements of a successful company strategy identified.
P4–077: Modulation of amyloid precursor protein–processing by oxysterol–binding protein (2006)

The mechanisms by which cholesterol modulates amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing to generate the Alzheimer's disease amyloid–β (Aβ) peptide are poorly understood. Oxysterol–binding protein 1 (OSBP1) is a member of a family of sterol–binding proteins with roles in lipid metabolism and signal transduction. OSBP1 has binding sites for cholesterol, oxysterols, and protein phosphatases; the binding characteristics of OSBP1 suggest a role in coupling cholesterol metabolism with signal transduction. When bound to cholesterol, OSBP1 exists in the cytoplasm/ER where it sequesters two phosphatases causing increased activation of extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK). Binding of 25–hydroxycholesterol (25OHC) or removal of cholesterol induces translocation of OSBP1 to the Golgi, reducing ERK activity. The role of OSBP1, cholesterol and oxysterols in the regulation of APP processing has been investigated. We transiently transfected OSBP1 into H4 glioma cells stably over–expressing APP, and examined the effects on the production of soluble APPα/β (sAPPα/β), APP C–terminal fragments (CTF) and Aβ. Expression of OSBP1 increased α–secretase cleavage and decreased β–secretase cleavage of APP and these effects could be prevented by addition of 25OHC. Conversely, knockdown of OSBP1 using siRNA increased β–CTFs and secreted Aβ levels. Next, we examined whether OSBP1 or oxysterols affected APP cellular distribution, which might regulate exposure to α– and β–secretases. Neither over–expressing OSBP1 nor 25OHC treatment changed the apparent cellular distribution of APP. However, using bi–molecular fluorescence (BiFC) we observed that OSBP1 appears to modulate the distribution of APP dimers (APP–APP or APP–Notch2). Over–expressing OSBP1 caused sequestration of APP dimers in the Golgi. The addition of 25OHC reversed the process, inducing translocation of OSBP1 from the cytosol/ER to the Golgi and translocation of APP dimers from the Golgi to the ER. These data suggest that APP dimers might be excluded from organelles containing high levels of OSBP1, possibly due to competition between APP and OSBP1 for binding to a trafficking protein. Prior studies indicate that APP dimers strongly regulate Aβ production, therefore the ability of OSBP1 to alter the distribution of APP dimers within the secretory pathway demonstrates a new mechanism by which cholesterol and oxysterols may regulate APP processing.
Efficient Handoff Decision Algorithm Using Differential RSSI in MPLS-Based Mobile IP Network (2005)

This paper proposes an efficient handoff decision algorithm using differential received signal strength indicator (RSSI) in MPLS-based mobile IP network. MPLS-based mobile IP integrates mobile IP and MPLS. The differential RSSI value is efficient to decide handoff because this value could represent the movement direction of mobile node (MN). In our algorithm, a base station tracks the differential RSSI value of mobile node in overlapped region and releases the reserved bandwidth of MN with the differential RSSI value. As shown by numerical analysis, our algorithm using differential RSSI could increase performance by decreasing handoff blocking probability.
Timing of surgery following SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: an international prospective cohort study (2021)

Peri-operative SARS-CoV-2 infection increases postoperative mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal duration of planned delay before surgery in patients who have had SARS-CoV-2 infection. This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study included patients undergoing elective or emergency surgery during October 2020. Surgical patients with pre-operative SARS-CoV-2 infection were compared with those without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality. Logistic regression models were used to calculate adjusted 30-day mortality rates stratified by time from diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection to surgery. Among 140,231 patients (116 countries), 3127 patients (2.2%) had a pre-operative SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. Adjusted 30-day mortality in patients without SARS-CoV-2 infection was 1.5% (95%CI 1.4-1.5). In patients with a pre-operative SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis, mortality was increased in patients having surgery within 0-2 weeks, 3-4 weeks and 5-6 weeks of the diagnosis (odds ratio (95%CI) 4.1 (3.3-4.8), 3.9 (2.6-5.1) and 3.6 (2.0-5.2), respectively). Surgery performed ≥ 7 weeks after SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis was associated with a similar mortality risk to baseline (odds ratio (95%CI) 1.5 (0.9-2.1)). After a ≥ 7 week delay in undertaking surgery following SARS-CoV-2 infection, patients with ongoing symptoms had a higher mortality than patients whose symptoms had resolved or who had been asymptomatic (6.0% (95%CI 3.2-8.7) vs. 2.4% (95%CI 1.4-3.4) vs. 1.3% (95%CI 0.6-2.0), respectively). Where possible, surgery should be delayed for at least 7 weeks following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients with ongoing symptoms ≥ 7 weeks from diagnosis may benefit from further delay.
A 15N-n.m.r. study of cerebral, hepatic and renal nitrogen metabolism in hyperammonaemic rats (1990)

1. Rats were infused with 15NH4+ or L-[15N]alanine to induce hyperammonaemia, a potential cause of hepatic encephalopathy. HClO4 extracts of freeze-clamped brain, liver and kidney were analysed by 15N-n.m.r. spectroscopy in combination with biochemical assays to investigate the effects of hyperammonaemia on tissue concentrations of ammonia, glutamine, glutamate and urea. 2. 15NH4+ infusion resulted in a 36-fold increase in the concentration of blood ammonia. Cerebral glutamine concentration increased, with 15NH4+ incorporated predominantly into the gamma-nitrogen atom of glutamine. Incorporation into glutamate was very low. Cerebral ammonia concentration increased 5-10-fold. The results suggest that the capacity of glutamine synthetase for ammonia detoxification was saturated. 3. Pretreatment with the glutamine synthetase inhibitor L-methionine DL-sulphoximine resulted in 84% inhibition of [gamma-15N]glutamine synthesis, but incorporation of 15N into other metabolites was not observed. The result suggests that no major alternative pathway for ammonia detoxification, other than glutamine synthetase, exists in rat brain. 4. In the liver 15NH4+ was incorporated into urea, glutamine, glutamate and alanine. The specific activity of 15N was higher in the gamma-nitrogen atom of glutamine than in urea. A similar pattern was observed when [15N]alanine was infused. The results are discussed in terms of the near-equilibrium states of the reactions involved in glutamate and alanine formation, heterogeneous distribution in the liver lobules of the enzymes involved in ammonia removal and their different affinities for ammonia. 5. Synthesis of glutamine, glutamate and hippurate de novo was observed in kidney. Hippurate, as well as 15NH4+, was contributed by co-extracted urine. 6. The potential utility and limitations of 15N n.m.r. for studies of mammalian metabolism in vivo are discussed.
Effect of DOPA and dopamine coupling on protein loading of hydroxyapatite (2015)

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a promising carrier material for oral delivery of biomolecules such as proteins and drugs. Ways to increase the loading of such molecules on HA will lead to better nanomedicine. This study reports the surface functionalisation of HA particles using the mussel inspired molecules dopamine (DA) and 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine (DOPA), in order to increase protein loading. The adsorption mechanisms are discussed based on the adsorption isotherms, zeta potential, thermal analysis and theoretical models. Results show that DA functionalisation enhanced the loading, while DOPA functionalisation was ineffective.
Magnitude and origin of the .beta.-silicon effect on carbenium ions (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMagnitude and origin of the .beta.-silicon effect on carbenium ionsScott G. Wierschke, Jayaraman Chandrasekhar, and William L. JorgensenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 6, 1496–1500Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00292a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00292a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2076Altmetric-Citations254LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts