gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Iterative Approaches To Computer-Generated Holography* (1989)

Optics is playing an increasingly important role in the sensing, processing, and transmission of information. The elements that shape the wavefront at various points are a key part of any optical system. In many cases, computer-generated holograms (CGH’s) offer major advantages over conventional refractive optical elements in terms of size, weight, and cost. Most importantly, CGH’s can perform complex waveshaping functions that are simply beyond the capabilities of conventional elements. Recently, there has been a great deal of interest in the application of VLSI circuit manufacturing technology to the fabrication of CGH’s. Alternatively, CGH’s can be implemented with spatial light modulators. These devices offer, the possibility of real-time reconfigurability, but are limited to CGH’s with much lower space-bandwidth products than can be written with the e-beam lithographic systems used in VLSI circuit fabrication. In contrast, our research has been directed toward bringing new computational approaches to bear on the CGH synthesis problem.
Gene expression analysis reveals a strong signature of an interferon induced pathway in childhood lymphoblastic leukemia as well as in breast and ovarian cancer (2005)

On the basis of epidemiological studies, infection was suggested to play a role in the etiology of human cancer. While for some cancers such a role was indeed demonstrated, there is no direct biological support for the role of viral pathogens in the pathogenesis of childhood leukemia. Using a novel bioinformatic tool, that alternates between clustering and standard statistical methods of analysis, we performed a "double blind" search of published gene expression data of subjects with different childhood ALL subtypes, looking for unanticipated partitions of patients, induced by unexpected groups of genes with correlated expression. We discovered a group of about thirty genes, related to the interferon response pathway, whose expression levels divide the ALL samples into two subgroups; high in 50, low in 285 patients. Leukemic subclasses prevalent in early childhood (the age most susceptible to infection) are over-represented in the high expression subgroup. Similar partitions, induced by the same genes, were found also in breast and ovarian cancer but not in lung cancer, prostate cancer and lymphoma. About 40% of breast cancer samples expressed the "interferon- related" signature. It is of interested that several studies demonstrated MMTV-like sequences in about 40% of breast cancer samples. Our discovery of an unanticipated strong signature of an interferon induced pathway provides molecular support for a role for either inflammation or viral infection in the pathogenesis of childhood leukemia as well as breast and ovarian cancer.
The ring-shaped thermal field of Stefanos crater, Nisyros Island: a conceptual model (2014)

Abstract. Fumarole fields related to hydrothermal processes release the heat of the underground through permeable pathways. Thermal changes, therefore, are likely to depend also on the size and permeability variation of these pathways. There may be different explanations for the observed permeability changes, such as fault control, lithology, weathering/alteration, heterogeneous sediment accumulation/erosion and physical changes of the fluids (e.g., temperature and viscosity). A common difficulty, however, in surface temperature field studies at active volcanoes is that the parameters controlling the ascending routes of fluids are poorly constrained in general. Here we analyze the crater of Stefanos, Nisyros (Greece), and highlight complexities in the spatial pattern of the fumarole field related to permeability conditions. We combine high-resolution infrared mosaics and grain-size analysis of soils, aiming to elaborate parameters controlling the appearance of the fumarole field. We find a ring-shaped thermal field located within the explosion crater, which we interpret to reflect near-surface contrasts of the soil granulometry and volcanotectonic history at depth. We develop a conceptual model of how the ring-shaped thermal field formed at the Stefanos crater and similarly at other volcanic edifices, highlighting the importance of local permeability contrast that may increase or decrease the thermal fluid flux.
RETRACTED: Fluoxetine Ecofriendly Nanoemulsion Enhances Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats: In Vivo Efficacy Assessment (2022)

Impaired diabetic wound healing is a major concern for health care professionals worldwide, imposing an intense financial burden and reducing the quality of life of patients. A dysregulation of this process can be responsible for the development of intractable ulcers and the formation of excessive scars. Therefore, the identification of novel pharmacological strategies able to promote wound healing and restore the mechanical integrity of injured tissue becomes essential. In the present study, fluoxetine ecofriendly nanoemulsion (FLX-EFNE) was prepared and its potential efficacy in enhancing wound healing was tested in diabetic rats. The Box-Behnken response surface design was used to select the optimized formulation that was prepared by the high-shear homogenization-based technique. A Zetasizer was used for the characterization of the optimized formulation, providing a FLX-EFNE with a globule size of 199 nm. For the in vivo study, a wound was induced by surgical methods, and diabetic rats (streptozotocin-induced) were divided into five groups: untreated control, vehicle-treated, FLX, FLX-EFNE, and positive control receiving a commercially available formula. The treatment continued from the day of wound induction to day 21. Then, the animals were sacrificed and skin tissues were collected at the site of wounding and used for biochemical, histopathological, immunohistochemical, and mRNA expression assessments. In the FLX-EFNE treated group, the rate of wound contraction and signs of healing were significantly higher compared to all other groups. In addition, angiogenesis, proliferation, and collagen deposition were enhanced, while oxidative stress and inflammation decreased. The present data highlight the enhanced wound healing activity of the optimized FLX-EFNE formulation.
Maximum weight matching dispatching scheme in buffered Clos-network packet switches (2004)

The scalability of Clos-network switches makes them an alternative to single-stages switches for implementing large-size packet switches. This paper introduces a cell dispatching scheme, called Maximum Weight Matching Dispatching (MWMD) scheme, for buffered Clos-network switches. The MWMD scheme is based on a maximum weight matching algorithm for input-buffered switches. This paper shows that, with request queues in the buffered Clos-network architecture, the MWMD scheme is able to achieve a 100% throughput for independent admissible traffic, without allocating any buffers in the second stage and without expanding the internal bandwidth. As a practical scheme, a maximal oldest-cell-first matching dispatching (MOMD) scheme is also introduced. MOMD shows that using a finite number of iterations in the dispatching scheme, the throughout under unbalanced traffic pattern can be high.
The preferred conformation of erythro- and threo-1,2-difluorocyclododecanes (2012)

Cyclododecane adopts a square-like structure with corner and edge CH(2) groups. In this study erythro- and threo-1,2-difluorocyclododecanes were prepared to explore whether the two vicinal C-F bonds, with different relative configurations, preferably locate at corner/edge or edge/edge locations. Conformational analysis comparing the diastereoisomers was explored by using a combination of (19)F{(1)H} NMR spectroscopy, computational studies and, in the case of the threo isomer, X-ray structural analysis. In the lowest energy conformers for both diastereoisomers the vicinal C-F bonds are located corner/edge, rather than edge/edge. These structures avoid placing a C-F bond endo into the ring, and appear to benefit from C-CHF-C angle widening, which relaxes 1,4-H,H transannular interactions.
Polypyrrolones for membrane gas separations. I. Structural comparison of gas transport and sorption properties (1999)

Despite efforts by the membrane community to develop polymeric materials with improved O2/N2 separation performance, limited progress has occurred for almost a decade. Molecular sieving media, which can exhibit gas separation properties superior to polymers, tend to be brittle and uneconomical to produce for large-scale membrane separation processes. Considering this, the polymer structures investigated in this work were designed to mimic aspects of the structure of molecular sieving media such as zeolites and carbon molecular sieves while maintaining the processability associated with polymers. Significantly attractive gas separation material properties were obtained using hyper rigid polypyrrolone copolymers with controlled packing disruptions between flat, packable segments. The gas transport properties in the materials changed dramatically as a result of different average interchain spacing. Moreover, all of the polypyrrolones studied in this work exhibited performance lying on or above the existing O2/N2 upper bound trade-off line between permselectivity and permeability. These results, therefore, may point the way to a new cycle of membrane materials improvements for gas separations. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 37: 1235–1249, 1999
Thermodynamic Study on Metalorganic Vapor-Phase Epitaxial Growth of Group III Nitrides (1997)

An analysis of the metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxial (MOVPE) growth from a thermodynamic point of view is described for binary nitrides: GaN, InN and AlN. The equilibrium partial pressures are calculated for the input V/III ratios. It is shown that there are three deposition modes, growth, etching and droplet modes, depending on the partial pressures. The phase diagram for deposition is also calculated for the parameters of growth temperature and extent of ammonia decomposition. The conditions required for InN growth are discussed.
Design of diffractive lenses that generate optical nulls without phase singularities (2009)

We exploit a technique, based on nonlinear optimization, to design diffractive lenses that focus optical nulls without any phase singularities. To ensure ease of fabrication, these lenses are composed of concentric circular zones. Furthermore, we show that this technique is readily extended to multiple wavelengths and can be used to improve tolerance to fabrication errors.
Comprehensive Analytical Approach toward Glycomic Characterization and Profiling in Urinary Exosomes (2017)

Exosomes are extracellular nanosized vesicles with lipid bilayers encapsulating nucleic acids and proteins, both with and without glycosylation. While exosomal nucleic acids and proteins have previously been explored to identify cancer biomarkers with some promising results, little information has been available concerning their glycoconjugate content. Exosomes were isolated from normal urine samples through multistep differential centrifugation. The isolated exosomes have an average size of 146 nm and a spherical shape, as determined by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. N-Glycans were enzymatically released from the isolated vesicles. After being reduced and permethylated, N-glycans were measured by MALDI mass spectrometry. Paucimannosidic, high-mannose, and complex type glycans were identified and their relative abundances were determined. Some detailed structures of these glycans were revealed through liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS). The reduced N-glycans, without being permethylated, were also separated and analyzed by LC/MS-MS, and their structures were further detailed through isomeric separation on porous graphitized carbon (PGC) packed in long capillaries. Using microfractionation before LC/MS-MS, minor multiantennary N-glycans were preconcentrated as based on hydrophobicity or charge. Preconcentration of the reduced and permethylated glycans on a C18 cartridge revealed numerous large glycans, whereas fractionation of the reduced N-glycans by ion-exchange cartridges facilitated detection of sulfated glycans. After removing N-glycans from the original sample aliquot, O-glycans were chemically released from urinary exosomes and profiled, revealing some unusual structures.
Discovery of 2-Chloro-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-methylquinazolin-4-amine (EP128265, MPI-0441138) as a Potent Inducer of Apoptosis with High In Vivo Activity (2008)

Using a live cell, high-throughput caspase-3 activator assay, we have identified a novel series of 4-anilinoquinazolines as inducers of apoptosis. In this report, we discuss the discovery of 2-chloro-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-methylquinazolin-4-amine, compound 2b (EP128265, MPI-0441138) as a highly active inducer of apoptosis (EC50 for caspase activation of 2 nM) and as a potent inhibitor of cell proliferation (GI50 of 2 nM) in T47D cells. Compound 2b inhibited tubulin polymerization, was effective in cells overexpressing ABC transporter Pgp-1, and was efficacious in the MX-1 human breast and PC-3 prostate cancer mouse models. In contrast to the SAR of 4-anilinoquinazolines as EGFR kinase inhibitors, the methyl group on the nitrogen linker was essential for the apoptosis-inducing activity of 4-anilinoquinazolines and substitution in the 6- and 7-positions of the quinazoline core structure decreased potency.
Caractérisation multi-échelle 2D et 3D d’électrodes pour batteries Li-ion (2015)

International audience
Current Status of III-V Concentrating Multijunction Manufacturing Technology and Device Technology Development (2008)

Manufacturing technology is being developed for the mass-production of III-V multijunction solar cells and receiver sub-assemblies to service the demands of the emerging concentrator PV (CPV) industry. To date, over 1 million 1 cm2 solar cells have been manufactured and tested, representing over 50 MW of power generation capability at 1000 sun concentration. Present-day average efficiency of bare, on-wafer production devices is nearly 40% as measured under a high-throughput custom designed xenon flash simulator (1000 suns, 25ºC). Solar cells ranging from 2 mm2 to 1 cm2 have been custom designed and manufactured for many different system integrators for use in a variety of different systems operating at concentration ratios between 400 and 1000 suns. Furthermore, a receiver sub-assembly manufacturing line has been designed and installed. The progress and results of manufacturing technology development are described. The next step in the evolution of the CPV industry is the incorporation of solar cells more efficient than those presently being manufactured. The key enabling technology in this area is the inverted metamorphic multijunction (IMM) approach, which is projected to improve relative efficiency by up to 10% over that of existing lattice-matched devices. IMM devices measured at high concentration using a flash tester are consistently measured with open-circuit voltage 300 mV higher than that of their conventional lattice-matched triple junction counterparts. Advanced anti-reflection coating design and epistructure optimization are ongoing to improve the device responsivity, which is presently the limiting performance parameter.
Characteristics of surface scattering of very high frequency acoustic signals (2016)

Many applications of acoustics in harbors are characterized by relatively shallow sources and receivers and a sound speed profile that does not strongly refract signals away from the surface. Therefore, surface scattering is an important factor in determining the characteristics of propagating signals in harbor environments. In addition, applications often involve relatively short propagation distances so very high frequency (VHF) acoustic signals, defined here to be signals above 100 kHz in frequency, can be important components of acoustic systems in harbor environments. These VHF signals have very short wavelengths (approximately 2.7 mm at a frequency of 550 kHz) so surface waves as small as capillary waves can have a significant impact on the surface scattered signals. Thus, even in light wind and wave conditions, the surface scattering of VHF can be highly dynamic. A test of the surface scattering of acoustic signals between 350 kHz and 750 kHz by wind-driven waves was conducted in a wave tank with the received signals being recorded at a vertical line array. This talk will present the analysis of the characteristics of the surface scattered signals including their spatial structure and Doppler spreading and the periodicity of their temporal fluctuations.
Improving Drought Tolerance in Maize (2005)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Physiology of the Response of Maize Under Drought Experimental Methods Applied Breeding Methods Molecular Breeding Conclusions Literature Cited
Solubility and degradation of polyhydroxyalkanoate biopolymers in propylene carbonate (2009)

Abstract New biobased materials and chemicals require different processing strategies than petroleum‐derived commodities. The extraction and recovery of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biopolymers from the residual cellular biomass is particularly difficult because the polymer is accumulated within the cell. PHAs have low solubility in many classical polymer solvents and are most often dissolved using undesirable chlorinated solvents. The solubility kinetics is greatly diminished when these polymers are highly crystalline. Here, 1,2‐propylene carbonate is used to dissolve highly crystalline polyhydroxybutyrate at ambient pressures and moderate temperatures. We have used kinetic studies of the dissolution of the crystalline material to determine the energy barrier for dissolution of the system. Further, the degradation of polyhydroxybutyrate and similarly prepared PHA block copolymers were studied during this extraction process using molecular weight characterization by gel permeation chromatography. Finally, we have used these findings to extract PHA block copolymers from dried biomass at the bench scale. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010
Kernel-based reconstruction of space-time functions via extended graphs (2016)

Signals evolving over graphs emerge naturally in a number of applications related to network science. A frequently encountered challenge pertains to reconstructing such signals given their values on subsets of vertices at possibly different time instants. Spatiotemporal dynamics can be leveraged so that a small number of vertices suffices to achieve accurate reconstruction. The present paper broadens the existing kernel-based graph-function reconstruction framework to handle time-evolving functions over (possibly dynamic) graphs. The proposed approach introduces the novel notion of graph extension to enable kernel-based estimators over time and space. Numerical tests with real data corroborate that judiciously capturing time-space dynamics markedly improves reconstruction performance.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Cyclopolymerization of 1,5‐Hexadiene Catalyzed by Chiral Zirconocenes: A Novel Strategy for the Synthesis of Optically Active Polymers with Chirality in the Main Chain. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Apop-1, a Novel Protein Inducing Cyclophilin D-dependent but Bax/Bak-related Channel-independent Apoptosis (2021)

In the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis, mitochondria play a crucial role by releasing cytochrome c from the intermembrane space into the cytoplasm. Cytochrome c release through Bax/Bak-dependent channels in mitochondria has been well documented. In contrast, cyclophilin D (CypD), an important component of permeability transition pore-dependent protein release, remains largely undefined, and no apoptogenic proteins that act specifically in a CypD-dependent manner have been reported to date. Here, we describe a novel and evolutionarily conserved protein, apoptogenic protein (Apop). Mouse Apop-1 expression induces apoptotic death by releasing cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosolic space followed by activation of caspase-9 and -3. Apop-1-induced apoptosis is not blocked by Bcl-2 or Bcl-xL, inhibitors of Bax/Bak-dependent channels, whereas it is completely blocked by cyclosporin A, an inhibitor of permeability transition pore. Cells lacking CypD were resistant to Apop-induced apoptosis. Moreover, inhibition of Apop expression prevented the cell death induced by apoptosis-inducing substances. Our findings, thus, indicate that the expression of Apop-1 induces apoptosis though CypD-dependent pathway and that Apop-1 plays roles in cell death under physiological conditions.
Thermostable chimeric PQQ glucose dehydrogenase (1995)

The thermal stability of PQQ glucose dehydrogenases (PQQGDHs) which were chimeras with more than 95% made up of the N-terminal region of Escherichia coli PQQGDH and the rest made up of the C-terminal region of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus PQQGDH was investigated. Among the chimeric PQQGDHs, E97A3 (E. coli 97% and A. calcoaceticus 3%) and E95A5 were found to possess higher thermal stability than parental E. coli PQQGDH. Further detailed characterization of the thermal stability was carried out, focusing on E97A3. E97A3 showed a more than 3-fold and 12-fold increase in half life time at 40 degrees C, compared with the PQQGDHs of E. coli and A. calcoaceticus, respectively. Using transition state theory, the increase in the free energy of inactivation observed in E97A3 was compared with those of the E. coli and A. calcoaceticus parental enzymes. The region responsible for this stabilization was also discussed.
Compressive Sensing Radar: Simulation And Experiments For Target Detection (2013)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Marrakech, Morocco, 2013
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Phenol Alkylation for an Improved Synthesis of 2‐Arylbenzimidazole H4 Receptor Ligands. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.