gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Predicting link level performance for enhanced uplink (2005)

The enhanced uplink feature is currently being standardized in release-6 of the 3GPP Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). The goal of enhanced uplink is to increase the sector and user throughput on the uplink relative to release-5 UMTS through the use of advanced techniques such as adaptive modulation and coding, node-B controlled scheduling, and hybrid-ARQ. In order to effectively analyze system capacity of enhanced uplink, a suitable link error prediction methodology is needed. In this paper, two methods for predicting uplink performance, namely, short-term method and equivalent SNR method based on convex metric (ECM) are presented. The ECM method is simpler to implement since it requires only AWGN curves, whereas the short-term method requires curves for all radio configurations. Performance of these two methods is compared under various channel conditions and with hybrid ARQ enabled. In addition, the effect of chip and frame timing offset on E-DCH link prediction using ECM and the short-term approach is presented in this paper. Our results show that the ECM prediction method provides results that are very close to those obtained from actual simulations. Hence, the ECM method can be used to accurately model link level performance for the 3GPP enhanced uplink.
The CCNx URI Scheme (2016)

This document defines an RFC3986 URI compliant identifier called a
Labeled Segment URI in which name segments carry a label. This allows
differentiation between unrelated resources with similar identifiers.
This document also specifies the CCNx URI scheme, called ccnx:,
which conforms to the labeled segment encoding rules presented here.
The CCNx URI scheme applies specific labels to each name segment of a
URI to disambiguate between resources with similar names. This
document defines a specific set of segment labels with label
semantics.
Supplementary material to "Detecting plumes in mobile air quality monitoring time series with Density-based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise" (2023)

Section S1.Temporal rescaling procedure for census tract comparisons.Section S2.Anomaly type detection probability error estimation procedure. Figures S1-S8Tables S1-S8 S1 Temporal Rescaling Procedure for Census Tract ComparisonsTo remove temporal effects from census tract comparisons of anomaly type detection probability, we perform a rescaling procedure.We transform each census tract's sampling distribution into a uniform distribution, then multiply each hour of the newly transformed uniform distribution by the fraction of detected anomalies in that hour.Out of 35 census tracts sampled in the Houston area, we restrict our analysis to 19 to ensure that each hour between 8 AM and 4 PM CST had at least 1,000 samples for each individual census tract.The lowest number of samples in any given hour for a census tract was 1,061, which equates to ≈ 17 minutes of sampling.For each census tract, we calculate the average number of samples per hour, determined by calculating the total number of samples and dividing by 8, the number of analyzed hours.In addition to calculating the average number of samples, we calculate for each hour in each census tract the fraction of that hour's measurement that are of a given anomaly type ("CO2 -Rich", "Transition", "BC/UFP -Rich").In the final step, we multiply the hourly fraction of each anomaly type by the average number of measurements for the census tract and then sum the results.To determine the % probability of detection for a given anomaly type, we divide these weighted totals by the number of measurements made within the census tract.
Carcinogen-Induced Inflammation and Immunosuppression Are Enhanced in Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group A Model Mice Associated with Hyperproduction of Prostaglandin E2 (2001)

Xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA) gene-deficient mice easily developed skin cancers by the application of topical chemical carcinogens as well as by UV irradiation. As certain chemical carcinogens have been shown to be immunosuppressive, we examined the inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects of dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) on XPA mice. Compared with wild-type mice, XPA mice showed greater ear swelling and reduction of epidermal Langerhans cells after DMBA application. Topical application of DMBA impaired the induction of contact hypersensitivity, initiated either locally or at distant sites. These DMBA-induced local and systemic immunosuppressions were more greatly enhanced in XPA mice than in wild-type mice. DMBA application induced pronounced production of PGE(2), IL-10, and TNF-alpha in the skin of XPA mice. Treatment with indomethacin, a potent inhibitor of PG biosynthesis, inhibited DMBA-induced inflammation and local immunosuppression. In XPA mice, increased serum IL-10 was detected after DMBA treatment. Excess production of PGE(2), TNF-alpha, and IL-10 after DMBA application may be involved in the enhanced local and systemic immunosuppression in DMBA-treated XPA mice. Susceptibility to DMBA-induced skin tumors in XPA mice may be due to easy impairment of the immune system by DMBA in addition to a defect in the repair of DMBA-DNA adduct. Enhanced immunosuppression by chemical carcinogens as well as the mutagenicity of these mutagens might be associated with the high incidence of internal malignancies seen in XP patients. Moreover, these results supported the hypothesis that persistent DNA damage is a trigger for the production of immunoregulatory cytokines.
Composition of the Essential Oils ofNarcissus tazettaandNarcissus serotinusfrom Greece (2007)

Abstract The essential oils of the flowers of Narcissus tazetta subsp. tazetta and Narcissus serotinus were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Nineteen compounds were identified and the major components were trans-ocimene (61.12%) for Narcissus tazetta and benzyl acetate (19.36%) for Narcissus serotinus. Keywords: Narcissus tazettaNarcissus serotinusAmaryllidaceaeflowersessential oil
Design Optimization of an Emissions Sample Probe Using a 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics Tool (2013)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Emissions sample probes are widely used in engine and vehicle emissions development testing. Tailpipe bag summary data is used for certification, but the time-resolved (or modal) emissions data at various points along the exhaust system is extremely important in the emission control technology development process. Exhaust gas samples need to be collected at various locations along the exhaust aftertreatment system. Typically, a tube with a small diameter is inserted inside the exhaust pipe to avoid any significant effect on flow distribution. The emissions test equipment draws a gas sample from the exhaust stream at a constant volumetric flow rate (typically around 10 SLPM). The sample probe tube delivers exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe to emissions test equipment through multiple holes on the surface of tube. There can be multiple rows of holes at different axial planes along the length of the sample probe as well as multiple holes on a given axial plane of the sample probe. In a traditional sample probe design, there are multiple planes of holes along the length and several holes evenly distributed on a given plane with a constant hole size. It was observed that the exhaust gas sample composition detected utilizing a traditional sample probe design may not accurately represent the gas composition in the exhaust system especially for samples taken from a larger diameter exhaust pipe.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;In this study, a systematic numerical investigation was conducted to characterize the mass flow distribution for different emissions sample probe designs used in 3.5\mi and 8\mi exhaust pipe applications. First, the numerical investigation focused on the effects of the number of holes in each axial plane (or row along the circumference on the tube surface) and on the number of rows of holes (along the tube length). Next, the effect of location and orientation of the sample holes, as well as exhaust mass flow rate effects were studied. Then, the effect of sample hole size on sample mass flow rate distribution along the length of the emissions sample tube was investigated. In the end, the sample hole sizes were optimized for both 3.5\mi and 8\mi diameter exhaust pipe applications. Numerical results showed significant improvement in the mass flow rate distribution as the number of holes on a given axial plane in an emissions sample probe tube was reduced from 3 holes to 1. An improvement in the mass flow rate distribution was also found when the number of rows along a column was reduced. Additionally, for a longer sample probe tube in a large diameter exhaust pipe (8\mi), sample probe tube diameter also plays an important role in achieving uniform mass flow rate distribution.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Supplementary Table 1 from Nuclear–Cytoplasmic Transport Is a Therapeutic Target in Myelofibrosis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 1&lt;/p&gt;
Adopting Back Reduction Current as an Additional Output Signal for Achieving Photoelectrochemical Differentiated Detection (2022)

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensors are usually based on a single output signal, that is, the photocurrent change caused by the (photoelectro)chemical reaction between target analytes and photoelectrodes. However, the photocurrent may be influenced by redox species other than the target analyte; therefore, modifying the surface of photoelectrodes with probes that selectively bind to the analyte is essential. Moreover, even though various surface modification methods have been developed, distinguishing molecularly similar chemicals using PEC sensing systems remains a significant challenge. To address these selectivity issues, we proposed a photoanode-based PEC sensor that utilizes a cathodic transient current as a second output signal in addition to the photocurrent, which arises from the back reduction of photo-oxidized species. Factors influencing the back reduction were investigated by observing the transient photocurrent of hematite photoanodes in the presence of model redox probes. The chemical environment around the electrode-electrolyte interface was manipulated by altering the electrolyte composition or modifying the electrode surface. The favorable interaction between the electrode surface and redox species led to an increase in the extent of back reduction and the cathodic transient current. In addition, the extent of back reduction also depends on the chemical identity of the redox species, such as the kinetics of subsequent chemical reactions. Therefore, the synergistic combination of the photocurrent and the cathodic transient current enabled the differentiated detection of various catecholamine neurotransmitters with a single pristine photoelectrode, which has never been achieved using traditional PEC methods. Revisiting the transient photocurrent can complement conventional PEC applications and offers possibilities for more effective semiconductor-based applications.
Structural representation and reasoning in a hybrid cognitive architecture (2014)

Psychologically and neurobiologically plausible models of knowledge often must make a difficult choice between distributed and localist representation. Distributed representation can be flexible and hold up well to noisy data, but localist models allow for structured knowledge to be represented unambiguously and reasoned over in rigorous, transparent fashion. We present a way of representing knowledge within the hybrid cognitive architecture CLARION. Our system allows both structured knowledge and distributed knowledge to synergistically coexist while remaining within the limits defined by CLARION'S dual-process framework. After showing how our system can allow more complex knowledge structures to arise, we describe algorithms that use such structures to model many types of reasoning, including: analogical reasoning, deductive reasoning, moral reasoning, and more. We place the structural knowledge afforded CLARION within a formal hierarchy of expressivity for such knowledge, and discuss implications of this work.
Efficient isolation of targeted Caenorhabditis elegans deletion strains using highly thermostable restriction endonucleases and PCR (2005)

Reverse genetic approaches to understanding gene function would be greatly facilitated by increasing the efficiency of methods for isolating mutants without the reliance on a predicted phenotype. Established PCR-based methods of isolating deletion mutants are widely used for this purpose in Caenorhabditis elegans. However, these methods are inefficient at isolating small deletions. We report here a novel modification of PCR-based methods, employing thermostable restriction enzymes to block the synthesis of wild-type PCR product, so that only the deletion PCR product is amplified. This modification greatly increases the efficiency of isolating small targeted deletions in C.elegans. Using this method six new deletion strains were isolated from a small screen of approximately 400 000 haploid genomes, most with deletions <1.0 kb. Greater PCR detection sensitivity by this modification permitted approximately 10-fold greater pooling of DNA samples, reducing the effort and reagents required for screens. In addition, effective suppression of non-specific amplification allowed multiplexing with several independent primer pairs. The increased efficiency of this technique makes it more practical for small laboratories to undertake gene knock-out screens.
Transaction Processing Techniques for Modern Hardware and the Cloud. (2015)

The Deuteronomy architecture provides a clean separation of transaction functionality (performed in a transaction component, or TC) from data storage functionality (performed in a data component, or DC). For the past couple of years, we have been rethinking the implementation of both the TC and DC in order for them to perform as well, or better than, current high-performance database systems. The result of this work so far has been a high-performance DC (the Bw-tree key value store) that currently ships in several Microsoft systems (the Hekaton main-memory database, Azure DocumentDB, and Bing). More recently, we have been completing the performance story by redesigning the TC. We are driven by two main design goals: (1) ensure high performance in various deployment scenarios, regardless of whether the TC and DC are co-located or distributed and (2) take advantage of modern hardware (multi-core and multi-socket machines, large main memories, flash storage). This paper summarizes the design of our new TC that addresses these two goals. We begin by describing the Deuteronomy architecture, its design principles, and several deployment scenarios (both local and distributed) enabled by our design. We then describe the techniques used by our TC to address transaction processing on modern hardware. We conclude by describing ongoing work in the Deuteronomy project.
Improved Wheel Speed and Slip Determination Considering Influences of Wheel-Suspension Dynamics and Tire Dynamics (1997)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The wheel speed and the slip are important signals for many modern automotive control systems. The performance of these systems strongly depends on the quality of the evaluated wheel speed and the slip. However, during car motion, especially during acceleration or braking, deflections of the flexibly mounted wheel suspension and of the tire disturb the measurement or rather the determination of these signals. In this paper an approach to increase the quality of the evaluated wheel-speed signal and the slip signal by considering these influences is introduced. The method considers the longitudinal motion of the wheel center, the tangential motion or rather the oscillations of the belt, the changing of the dynamic tire radius and the disturbances due to the angular motion of the wheel-speed sensor. To obtain the required kinematic values for the compensation, a mathematical model of the wheel suspension and of the tire is developed. The reconstructed signals are verified by means of measurement data taken during test drives with a BMW 318i. By comparing the slip as well as a μ-slip curve with and without the introduced compensation, the potential of the developed method is shown.&lt;/div&gt;
Zonated leucine sensing by Sestrin-mTORC1 in the liver controls the response to dietary leucine (2022)

The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) kinase controls growth in response to nutrients, including the amino acid leucine. In cultured cells, mTORC1 senses leucine through the leucine-binding Sestrin proteins, but the physiological functions and distribution of Sestrin-mediated leucine sensing in mammals are unknown. We find that mice lacking Sestrin1 and Sestrin2 cannot inhibit mTORC1 upon dietary leucine deprivation and suffer a rapid loss of white adipose tissue (WAT) and muscle. The WAT loss is driven by aberrant mTORC1 activity and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) production in the liver. Sestrin expression in the liver lobule is zonated, accounting for zone-specific regulation of mTORC1 activity and FGF21 induction by leucine. These results establish the mammalian Sestrins as physiological leucine sensors and reveal a spatial organization to nutrient sensing by the mTORC1 pathway.
Dual Inhibition of Cathepsin G and Chymase Is Effective in Animal Models of Pulmonary Inflammation (2009)

The preclinical antiinflammatory effects of RWJ-355871 in these animal models of inflammation indicate that this dual inhibitor may have therapeutic utility for treating airway inflammatory diseases involving mechanisms that depend on Cat G and/or chymase.
A novel methodology for wafer-specific feed-forward management of backside silicon removal by wafer grinding for optimized through silicon via reveal (2014)

As 3DIC with through silicon vias (TSV) approaches high volume manufacturing readiness the importance of precision backgrinding has become increasingly more evident. Active management of the backgrinding process has multiple benefits in that it reduces the risk of wafer backside contamination due to premature contact with vias, it enables optimization of the post-thinning residual silicon thickness and the final via reveal process. It can compensate for poor via fabrication depth uniformity and less than ideal temporary bonding total thickness variation (TTV). In this paper we will demonstrate the utility of two tools that when used together can systematically produce thin TSV containing wafers to their optimal thickness while protecting the wafers from particulate contamination. The first instrument in this process scheme is a metrology tool that utilizes IR reflectance to measure the silicon thickness remaining between the bottom of the TSV and backside surface of the wafer. These measurements are then transferred to a special grinding tool that can interpret the data and make changes to the grinding depth within the wafer so as to leave thickness of silicon above the TSVs as uniform as possible. Having removed the bulk of the Si through mechanical grinding and Chem/Mech polishing, the next step in the via-middle process is to remove the last few microns of Si overburden to expose the vias. By leaving a shallower Si layer above the TSV during the thinning process compared to current process, the final via reveal process time can be reduced. Also the need for rework in this process because of the wafer-to-wafer variability in the remaining silicon thickness above the TSV can be eliminated. In addition to measuring the pre-grinding Si thickness, the IR reflectance measurement tool can be used to verify the remaining silicon thickness post grind, establishing thinning process feedback and via reveal process feed-forward data.
Robot-assisted gait training with complementary auditory feedback: Results on short-term motor adaptation (2012)

This paper investigates how different modalities of auditory feedback may affect the short-term gait modifications induced by 4 consecutive training sessions with a robotic exoskeleton. N = 20 healthy subjects, 18-30 years old, were randomly assigned to 4 groups. During training, participants walked on a treadmill and were asked to modify their footpath to match a modified gait pattern, while receiving assistance by the robot (kinetic guidance). The control group received additional visual feedback, while the three experimental groups were provided with three modalities of auditory feedback. The third experimental group also received the same visual feedback as the control group. Differences in gait kinematics and symmetry among the training modalities were assessed in three post-training sessions.
α and π DLHelical States of Alternating Poly(γ-benzyl DL-glutamate) in Solution (1975)

As in solid state, strictly alternating poly(gamma-benzyl D-L-glutamate) in solution can adopt two different helical conformations. Besides the alpha helix, a second helical conformation is found at higher temperatures in dioxane and chloroform, the properties of which correspond to that of the piDL4 helix. As the molecules have a finite length a screw sense is favored for both helical forms thus giving rise to optical activity allowing the study of the transconformation by optical rotatory dispersion and circular dichroism besides infrared and dielectric measurements. Thus, as the temperature is raised the equilibria right-left handed alpha helices and alpha-piDL helical forms can be followed. The favored screw senses are determined by the number of interacting side chains for the alpha helix and by the number of hydrogen bonds which are formed in the piDL helical conformation. The side chain-side chain interactions in the alpha helix are experimentally shown to be attractive.
Prognostic factors for high-grade soft tissue sarcomas (STS) in the extremities treated by perioperative chemotherapy with ifosfamide (IFO) and doxorubicin hydrochloride (ADM): Using the data from Japan Clinical Oncology Group trial (JCOG0304). (2014)

10577 Background: STS are rare malignant tumors and relatively resistant against chemotherapy. We have previously reported the efficacy of perioperative chemotherapy with ADM and IFO for STS in the extremities (JCOG0304) in ASCO 2011(abstract ID:#10078). In the present study, we carried out analysis of the factors influencing on survival of the patients in JCOG0304. Methods: Patients with operable, high-grade non-round cell STS (T2bN0M0) in the extremities were treated with preoperative ADM 60mg/m2 plus IFO 10g/m2 for 3 courses with 3-week interval, followed by operation and postoperative 2 courses of the same regimen. The histological grade of the tumor was assessed using both FNCLCC system (FNCLCC grade) and positivity of Ki67 in the tumor cells (MIB-1 grade). Promising prognostic factors identified by log-rank test were included in multivariate Cox regression model. Results: A total of 72 patients were enrolled in JCOG0304 and 70 all eligible patients were analyzed for this study. The clinical factors regarding age, sex, performance status, histologic subtype, tumor differentiation score, mitosis, and necrosis of biopsy specimen did not significantly influence on overall survival (OS). Although FNCLCC grade was also not associated with OS, histologic grade assessed using MIB-1 (grade 2 vs 3) was only the factor significantly associated with OS (HR 4.12 (95%CI:0.89-19.09), p=0.049). MIB-1 was also associated with OS on multivariate analysis (HR:4.05 (95%CI:0.86-19.15), p=0.077). Conclusions: Among factors tested in the present study, only MIB-1 grade was associated with survival of the patients treated in JCOG0304. This is the first clinical trial demonstrating that MIB-1 expression is prognostic factor of the patients with operable STS in the extremities. The results indicate that MIB-1 system might be useful for the better evaluation of histological grade of STS. Clinical trial information: C000000096.