gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phase I trial of hu3S193 in patients with advanced epithelial cancers which express the Lewis-y antigen (2004)

2567 Background: The Lewis-y (Ley) antigen is a blood group related antigen that is expressed in a high proportion of epithelial cancers. We have generated a humanised antibody (hu3S193) against Ley, which has potent immune effector function, and efficacy in murine tumour models (Scott et al, Cancer Res 60: 3254–3261, 2000). Methods: An open label dose escalation Phase I trial of hu3S193 in patients (pts) with advanced Ley positive epithelial cancers has been conducted. Inclusion criteria included +ve Ley expression in tumour assessed prior to study entry. Pts received 4 infusions of hu3S193 at weekly intervals, with four dose levels (5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/m2). The first infusion of hu3S193 was trace labelled with 111In to evaluate targeting. Biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, and immune response were evaluated in all patients. Results: A total of 12 pts (6M:6F; age range 42–76 yrs; 5 breast, 7 colorectal cancer) have been accrued into the study, completing the 5 (3 pts), 10 (6 pts) and 20 (3 pts) mg/m2 dose levels. No infusion related AEs were observed. There was one episode of dose limiting toxicity, at the 10mg/m2 dose level, with Grade 3 liver enzyme rise observed in a pt with extensive liver metastases, which resolved following cessation of hu3S193 infusions. The biodistribution of 111In-hu3S193 showed no normal tissue uptake, and 111In-hu3S193 uptake was observed in cutaneous, lymph node and hepatic metastases. Pharmacokinetic analysis showed no dose dependence of 111In-hu3S193 serum clearance, with a (mean ± SD) T½α 6.2 ± 5.5 hrs, T½β 183.1 ± 66.4 hrs, CL 0.025 ± 0.014 L/hr, V1 3.43 ± 0.63 L. No immune responses (HAHA) were observed in any pt. Two pts had stable disease and 10 PD at restaging. Conclusions: Hu3S193 has promise for immunotherapy of Ley +ve tumours, and further Phase I/II clinical trials are planned. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Structure of the ambient temperature alkali metal molten salt AlCl3/LiSCN (2001)

The structure of the ambient temperature alkali metal molten salt system LiSCN/AlCl3 1:1 adduct was investigated by neutron diffraction, which demonstrates that the aluminum atom is surrounded by three chlorine atoms and one nitrogen atom, indicating the existence of the AlCl3NCS− anion, in which the NCS− coordinates to the Al center through nitrogen. Molecular orbital calculations using ab initio methods are also performed to study the optimized structures of the AlCl3NCS− and its isomer, AlCl3SCN−. The results are consistent with the neutron diffraction data and indicate that AlCl3NCS− is the major anionic complex in the 1:1 LiSCN/AlCl3 adduct.
Intra-cytoplasmic Cytokine Staining (ICS): Optimizing antigen stimulation for measuring M. tuberculosis-specific T cell response (2020)

Protective immunity induced by new tuberculosis (TB) vaccines was assessed by an immunology assay measuring cytokines. Intra-cytoplasmic cytokine staining (ICS) requires optimization as an easy-to use package kit is not available. This preliminary study aims to optimize the period of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) antigen stimulation and inhibition of cytokine secretion. Three designs on the stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with Mtb culture filtrate protein (CFP) and additional protein transport inhibitor Brefeldin A were compared. The incubation period is 1 day or 5 days of CFP stimulation with Brefeldin A at the last 4 or 18 hours. The production of Th1 cytokines was analysed by flow cytometry. The 18-hour Brefeldin A resulted in increased detection of frequency of CD4+ T cells producing IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF and combined cytokine producers. Five-day antigen stimulation improved the detection of IL-2, but not IFN-gamma or TNF as compared to the one day. In conclusion, detection of Mtb-specific T cell response using ICS of human PBMC is optimum using 1 day of antigen stimulation with additional Brefeldin A at the last 18 hours. The duration of antigen stimulation and protein transport inhibition affects the frequency and the functionality of cytokines analysed using flow cytometry.
Correlation of fluorescence optomics method classification performance to varying expression level of epidermal growth factor receptor (2023)

Fluorescence molecular imaging using ABY-029, an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted synthetic Affibody peptide labeled with a near-infrared fluorophore, is under investigation for surgical guidance during head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) resection. However, tumor-to-normal tissue contrast is confounded by intrinsic physiological limitations of heterogeneous EGFR expression. In this study, a machine learning-based optomics analysis, which interprets the textural pattern differences in EGFR expression conveyed by fluorescence, was applied to optical ABY-029 fluorescence image data of HNSCC surgical specimens. The study objective was to determine the correlations between optomics method classification performance and tissue inherent EGFR expression level. Fluorescence image data were collected through a Phase 0 clinical trial of ABY-029, which involved a total of 20,073 sub-image patches (size of 1.8×1.8 mm2) extracted from 24 bread-loafed slices of HNSCC surgical resections from 12 patients who were stratified into three dose groups (30, 90, and 171 nanomoles). The optomics approach utilized a supervised machine learning pipeline. Each dose group was randomly partitioned on the specimen-level 75%/25% into training/testing sets, then all training and testing sets were aggregated. A total of 1,472 standardized optomic features were extracted from each patch and evaluated by minimum redundancy maximum relevance feature selection, and 25 top-ranked features were used to train a support vector machine classifier. A conceptual framework of correlation analysis to evaluate the relationship between optomics tumor classification performance and underlying EGFR expression level was provided, but the present results are underpowered. Some generalized conclusions about the ABY-029 fluorescence optomics method correlating to varied levels of EGFR expression were summarized, suggesting that optomics method using fluorescence molecular imaging data offers a potentially stable image analysis technique for cancer detection for fluorescence-guided surgery applications; however, further study with additional samples is needed to validate this conclusion.
Systemic Analysis on the Features of Immune Microenvironment Related to Prognostic Signature in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2022)

<b>Background:</b> Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma's tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) plays an important role in tumorigenesis and progression, but its clinical significance remains unclear. Therefore, the TIME needs to be better understood in order to improve the response of diagnosis and therapy. <b>Methods:</b> The gene expression and clinical data of 569 HNSCC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Immune-related genes (IRGs) from the ImmPort database were used for immunotyping of HNSCC patients, and independent GEO datasets were used for subtype verification and comprehensive molecular identification. <b>Results:</b> The patients were divided into three subtypes (C1, C2, and C3) related to different gene expression profiles. The three subtypes showed widely different patterns in tumor genetic distortion, immune cell composition, cytokine profile, and so on, verifying that the immune-enhanced C2 subtype was associated with better prognosis. In addition, the stroma-deficient C1 subtype may be more efficient for the immune response than the C3 subtype. Furthermore, using WGCNA on the IRGs of those three subtypes, we found two C2-positive gene modules closely related to infection- and immune-associated pathways in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway database, and the two modules had 22 common pathways. <b>Conclusion:</b> This study improves the power for prognosis prediction and develops new therapeutic strategies to stratify HNSCC patients into clinically significant groups through TIME-related prognostic signature.
Making DNA computers error resistant (1998)

We describe methods for making volume decreasing algorithms more resistant to certain types of errors. Such error recovery techniques are crucial if DNA computers ever become practical. Our first approach relies on applying PCR at various stages of the computation. We analyze its performance and show that it increases the survival-probability of various strands to acceptable proportions. Our second approach relies on changing the method by which information is encoded on DNA strands. This encoding is likely to reduce false negative errors during the bead separation procedure. 1 Introduction In the short history of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) based computing there have already been a number of exciting results. It all started with Adleman&amp;apos;s [A] beautiful insight that showed that biological experiments could solve the Directed Hamiltonian Path problem (DHP). Then, Lipton [L] showed how to use DNA to solve more general problems, namely to find satisfying assignments for arbitrary (direct...
ChemInform Abstract: Expedient Approach to Novel N‐Unprotected Bicyclic Azapyrimidine and Pyridine Structures. (2013)

Abstract Novel bicyclic N‐unprotected azapyrimidine structures are directly synthesized by the present new method involving radical addition and cyclization of xanthates.
Antigen-Specific T-Cell Responses of Leprosy Patients (2008)

The identification of human T-cell antigens of Mycobacterium leprae could improve treatment and help to disrupt the transmission of leprosy by directing diagnosis and vaccine programs. This study screened a panel of M. leprae recombinant proteins for T-cell recall responses, measured by gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) production, among leprosy patients. After initial studies using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from leprosy patients, we transitioned our studies to simple whole-blood assays (WBA), which are more applicable in field or clinical settings. T-cell responses generated in WBA using blood from individuals in Goiânia, Brazil, demonstrated that several M. leprae antigens (ML0276, ML0840, ML1623, ML2044, and 46f) elicited >0.5 IU/ml IFN-gamma, and these proteins were classified as immunogenic and leprosy specific. Several of these individual antigens were recognized by cells from >60% of Brazilian paucibacillary (PB) leprosy patients, and ML0276, ML0840, ML1623, and 46f complemented each other such that 82% of PB patients had strong (>1.25 IU/ml IFN-gamma) responses to at least one of these proteins. These proteins were also recognized by cells from a significant proportion of the household contacts of multibacillary leprosy patients, but in contrast, few responses were observed in active tuberculosis patients or healthy control groups from areas of endemicity. Our results indicate several potential candidate antigens which may be useful for either leprosy diagnosis or vaccination and demonstrate the utility of leprosy WBA that can be applied broadly in clinical or field settings.
Water Microdroplets Form Urea from Carbon Dioxide and Nitrogen (2023)

Abstract The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Desolvation‐Induced Highly Symmetrical Terbium(III) Single‐Molecule Magnet Exhibiting Luminescent Self‐Monitoring of Temperature (2023)

A conjunction of Single-Molecule Magnet (SMM) behavior and luminescence thermometry is an emerging research line aiming at contactless read-out of temperature in future SMM-based devices. The shared working range between slow magnetic relaxation and the thermometric response is typically narrow or absent. We report Tb<sup>III</sup> -based emissive SMMs formed in a cyanido-bridged framework whose properties are governed by the reversible structural transformation from [Tb<sup>III</sup> (H<sub>2</sub> O)<sub>2</sub> ][Co<sup>III</sup> (CN)<sub>6</sub> ] ⋅ 2.7H<sub>2</sub> O (1) to its dehydrated phase, Tb<sup>III</sup> [Co<sup>III</sup> (CN)<sub>6</sub> ] (2). The 8-coordinated complexes in 1 show the moderate SMM effect but it is enhanced for trigonal-prismatic Tb<sup>III</sup> complexes in 2, showing the SMM features up to 42 K. They are governed by the combination of QTM, Raman, and Orbach relaxation with the energy barrier of 594(18) cm<sup>-1</sup> (854(26) K), one of the highest among the Tb<sup>III</sup> -based molecular nanomagnets. Both systems exhibit emission related to the f-f electronic transitions, with the temperature variations resulting in the optical thermometry below 100 K. The dehydration leads to a wide temperature overlap between the SMM behavior and thermometry, from 6 K to 42 K. These functionalities are further enriched after the magnetic dilution. The role of post-synthetic formation of high-symmetry Tb<sup>III</sup> complexes in achieving the SMM effect and hot-bands-based optical thermometry is discussed.
Heat Transfer Coefficients on the Squealer Tip and Near Tip Regions of a Gas Turbine Blade With Single or Double Squealer (2003)

Detailed heat transfer coefficient distributions on a gas turbine squealer tip blade were measured using a hue detection based transient liquid crystals technique. The heat transfer coefficients on the shroud and near tip regions of the pressure and suction sides of a blade were also measured. Squealer rims were located along (a) the camber line, (b) the pressure side, (c) the suction side, (d) the pressure and suction sides, (e) the camber line and the pressure side, and (f) the camber line and the suction side, respectively. Tests were performed on a five-bladed linear cascade with a blow down facility. The Reynolds number based on the cascade exit velocity and the axial chord length of a blade was 1.1×106 and the overall pressure ratio was 1.2. Heat transfer measurements were taken at the three tip gap clearances of 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.5% of blade span. Results show that the heat transfer coefficients on the blade tip and the shroud were significantly reduced by using a squealer tip blade. Results also showed that a different squealer geometry arrangement changed the leakage flow path and resulted in different heat transfer coefficient distributions. The suction side squealer tip provided the lowest heat transfer coefficient on the blade tip and near tip regions compared to the other squealer geometry arrangements.
Advanced Induction Machine model in Phase Coordinates for Wind Turbine Application (2007)

In this paper an advanced phase coordinates squirrel cage induction machine model with time varying electrical parameters affected by magnetic saturation and rotor deep bar effects, is presented. The model uses standard data sheet for characterization of the electrical parameters, it is developed in C-code and interfaced with Matlab/Simulink through an S-Function. The investigation is conducted in the way to study the ride through capability of Squirrel Cage Induction Generators and compares the behavior of the classical DQ0 model, ABC/abc model in phase coordinate with constant parameters and the proposed ABC/abc phase coordinate with varying parameters model, in the presence of external faults. The results are promising for protection and control applications of fixed speed active stall controlled wind turbines. This new approach is useful to support control and planning of wind turbines and to fulfill the grid code requirements.
In vivo demonstration that α-synuclein oligomers are toxic (2011)

The aggregation of proteins into oligomers and amyloid fibrils is characteristic of several neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson disease (PD). In PD, the process of aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) from monomers, via oligomeric intermediates, into amyloid fibrils is considered the disease-causative toxic mechanism. We developed α-syn mutants that promote oligomer or fibril formation and tested the toxicity of these mutants by using a rat lentivirus system to investigate loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. The most severe dopaminergic loss in the substantia nigra is observed in animals with the α-syn variants that form oligomers (i.e., E57K and E35K), whereas the α-syn variants that form fibrils very quickly are less toxic. We show that α-syn oligomers are toxic in vivo and that α-syn oligomers might interact with and potentially disrupt membranes.
Octabutylthiophthalocyaninatoiron(ii): electrochemical properties and interaction with cyanide (2002)

The preparation of the thiol-derivatised iron(II) phthalocyanine (FePc) complex, 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octabutylthiophthalocyaninatoiron(II), FePc(SC4H9)8, is described. Electrochemical data obtained by both cyclic voltammetry and Osteryoung square wave voltammetry in DMF showed four redox couples. Kinetics and equilibrium measurements for the interaction of cyanide with FePc(SC4H9)8 at 25.0 ± 0.5 °C in both DMSO and DMF are reported. Gradual spectroscopic changes were only observed for the formation of the dicyano complex, [(CN)2FePc(SC4H9)8]2−. This complex is formed with equilibrium constants, K, of (6.8 ± 0.8) × 102 dm3 mol−1 in DMF and (1.3 ± 0.2) × 103 dm3 mol−1 in DMSO. Pseudo-first-order rate constants, k4r, were also estimated to be (1.9 ± 0.1) × 10−2 and (8.2 ± 0.3) × 10−2 dm3 mol−1 s−1 in DMF and DMSO, respectively. These results agree with the weak electron-donating properties of the peripheral butylthio-substituents on the phthalocyanine ring and the O-bonded trans DMF.
Large Displacement Flexural Properties of Tissue Engineered Heart Valve Scaffolds (2000)

Abstract The need for improved heart valve prostheses is especially critical in pediatric applications, where growth and remodeling are essential. Tissue engineered heart valves (TEHV) have functioned in the pulmonary circulation of growing lambs for up to four months [1], and thus can potentially overcome limitations of current bioprosthetic heart valves. Despite these promising results, significant questions remain. In particular, the role of scaffold mechanical properties in optimal extra-cellular matrix development, as well as TEHV durability, are largely unexplored. We have previously demonstrated flexure testing as a sensitive and critical test for BHV tissue mechanical property evaluation [2]. The following study was conducted to determine the feasibility of using this technique to provide fundamental information required for optimizing TEHV scaffold designs.
Effect of Receptor Occupancy on Folate Receptor Internalization (2014)

The folate receptor (FR) is a GPI anchored cell surface glycoprotein that functions to facilitate folic acid uptake and mediate signal transduction. With the introduction of multiple folate-targeted drugs into the clinic, the question has arisen regarding how frequently a patient can be dosed with a FR-targeted drug or antibody and whether dosing frequency exerts any impact on the availability of FR for subsequent rounds of FR-mediated drug uptake. Although the rate of FR recycling has been examined in murine tumor models, little or no information exists on the impact of FR occupancy on its rate of endocytosis. The present study quantitates the number of cell surface FR-α and FR-β following exposure to saturating concentrations of a variety of folate-linked molecules and anti-FR antibodies, including the unmodified vitamin, folate-linked drug mimetics, multifolate derivatized nanoparticles, and monoclonal antibodies to FR. We report here that FR occupancy has no impact on the rate of FR internalization. We also demonstrate that multivalent conjugates that bind and cross-link FRs at the cell surface internalize at the same rate as monovalent folate conjugates that have no impact on FR clustering, even though the multivalent conjugates traffic through a different endocytic pathway.
Low-Temperature, Aqueous-Solution-Processed Zinc Tin Oxide Thin Film Transistor (2011)

We fabricate solution-processed zinc tin oxide (ZTO) thin-film transistors (TFTs). The solution used is prepared by precipitating metal hydroxide using NaOH and dissolving it using NH4OH. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) data of the spin-coated ZTO film demonstrates an amorphous phase, and the atomic force microscopy (AFM) image shows a smooth surface. The device performance of solution-processed TFTs was analyzed as a function of annealing temperature. The fabricated TFTs were operated in the enhancement mode, and exhibited a carrier mobility of 3.03 cm2 V-1 s-1, a threshold voltage of 10.2 V, an on/off current ratio of 1.23×107, a subthreshold slope of 0.78 V/decade, and high transparency (with ∼90% transmittance) at a low annealing temperature of 300 °C.
A novel intra-operative positron imager for rapid localization of tumor margins (2014)

We have developed an intra-operative and compact imaging tool for surgeons to detect PET- positive lesions. Currently, most such probes on the market are non-imaging, and provide no ancillary information of surveyed areas, such as clear delineations of malignant tissues. Our probe consists of a novel hybrid scintillator coupled to a compact silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) array with associated front-end electronics encapsulated in an ergonomic housing. Pulse shape discrimination electronics has been implemented and integrated into the downstream data acquisition system. The hybrid scintillator consists of a 0.4 mm thick layer of CsI:Tl scintillator coupled to a 1 mm thick LYSO crystal. To achieve high spatial resolution, CsI:Tl is pixelated to 0.5&times;0.5 mm<sup>2</sup> pixels using laser ablation technique. While CsI:Tl act as beta-sensitive scintillator, LYSO senses the gamma radiation and can be used to navigate the probe to the locations of interest. The gamma response is also subtracted from the beta image for improved SNR and contrast. To achieve accurate centroid position estimation and uniform beta sensitivity over the entire imaging area, the LYSO thickness is optimized such that it acts as scintillation light diffuser by spreading CsI:Tl light over multiple SiPM pixels. The results show that the response of the two scintillators exposed to radiation could be easily distinguished based on their pulse shapes. The probe’s spatial resolution is &lt;1.5 mm FWHM in its 10&times;10 mm<sup>2</sup> effective imaging area. The probe can rapidly detect and localize nCi levels of F-18 beta radiation even in presence of strong gamma background.
DLT federation for Edge robotics (2020)

The concept of federation in 5G and NFV networks aims to provide orchestration of services across multiple administrative domains. Edge robotics, as a field of robotics, implements the robot control on the network edge by relying on low-latency and reliable access connectivity. In this paper, we propose a solution that enables Edge robotics service to expand its service footprint or access coverage over multiple administrative domains. We propose application of Distributed ledger technologies (DLTs) for the federation procedures to enable private, secure and trusty interactions between undisclosed administrative domains. The solution is applied on a real-case Edge robotics experimental scenario. The results show that it takes around 19 seconds to deploy & federate a Edge robotics service in an external/anonymous domain without any service down-time.