gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
General method for simultaneous optimization of light trapping and carrier collection in an ultra-thin film organic photovoltaic cell (2014)

We describe a general method for maximizing the short-circuit current in thin planar organic photovoltaic (OPV) heterojunction cells by simultaneous optimization of light absorption and carrier collection. Based on the experimentally obtained complex refractive indices of the OPV materials and the thickness-dependence of the internal quantum efficiency of the OPV active layer, we analyze the potential benefits of light trapping strategies for maximizing the overall power conversion efficiency of the cell. This approach provides a general strategy for optimizing the power conversion efficiency of a wide range of OPV structures. In particular, as an experimental trial system, the approach is applied here to a ultra-thin film solar cell with a SubPc/C60 photovoltaic structure. Using a patterned indium tin oxide (ITO) top contact, the numerically optimized designs achieve short-circuit currents of 0.790 and 0.980 mA/cm2 for 30 nm and 45 nm SubPc/C60 heterojunction layer thicknesses, respectively. These values correspond to a power conversion efficiency enhancement of 78% for the 30 nm thick cell, but only of 32% for a 45 nm thick cell, for which the overall photocurrent is actually higher. Applied to other material systems, the general optimization method can elucidate if light trapping strategies can improve a given cell architecture.
Oral administration of a potassium bromate dosage: Determination and evaluation of accumulated bromate on the liver of male mice (2019)

In this work, we developed a simple spectrophotometric strategy for BrO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> ions determination as a major water disinfection constituents in the mice's liver tissues by using pararosaniline (PRA). Mice were divided into seven main groups (6 doses): lowest dose KBrO<sub>3</sub> (G<sub>1</sub> 0.01 mg L<sup>-1</sup>, G<sub>2</sub> 0.025 mg L<sup>-1</sup> and G<sub>3</sub> 0.1 mg L<sup>-1</sup>), highest dose KBrO<sub>3</sub> (G<sub>4</sub> 1 mg L<sup>-1</sup>, G<sub>5</sub> 10 mg·L<sup>-1</sup> and G<sub>6</sub> 30 mg L<sup>-1</sup>) and control. All these groups maintained a dose-specific feeding for one month, just before the bromate assessment in mice's liver samples. The results revealed that groups of exposure to lower doses of drinking water did not detect the presence of BrO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> accumulated in the liver tissue during the study period (1-2 months). While, the BrO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> was detected in higher dosages for samples analyzed in first, second, third, fourth and fifth weeks (W<sub>1</sub>, W<sub>2</sub>, W<sub>3</sub>, W<sub>4</sub>, and W<sub>5</sub>). These results confirmed that the higher BrO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> dosages (1, 10, and 30 mg L<sup>-1</sup>) were fatal if introduced in drinking water and could accumulate in the liver tissues both for mice and for human. Detection the accuracy of the method for recovery of bromate ions in liver samples (<i>N</i> = 5) was found to be more than 95%. Relative standard deviations (RSDs) were found to be less than 2.0% confirming the reproducibility of the assay technique.
B-Cells and Antibody-Mediated Pathogenesis in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (2016)

The sinonasal mucosa forms a dynamic immune barrier where epithelial cells and the immune system interact with the inhaled environment and nasal microbiome. Recent studies suggest that B-cells, plasma cells and antibody production are highly activated locally within the nasal mucosa of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Findings additionally suggest that polyp tissue contains elevated levels of cytokines, chemokines and complement that may drive this profound B-cell response. Currently, the data are conflicting on whether the B-cell response found in the CRSwNP nasal mucosa is antigen-specific, a superantigen response or an expansion of natural antibody responses. Indeed, investigations into the specificity of the mucosal antibody responses find increased production of class-switched antibodies that bind to aeroallergens, staphylococcus aureus as well as autoantigens. A continuation of these studies is needed to elucidate whether extrinsic factors, like the inhaled environment, or intrinsic factors, like the mucosal microbiome and host inflammatory response, are key to the pathogenesis of CRSwNP. This chapter will cover the current evidence regarding local B-cell responses in CRSwNP.
Cyclophosphamide as a first-line therapy in LGL leukemia (2013)

Cyclophosphamide as a first-line therapy in LGL leukemia
Dynamic behavior of a continuous autothermal isobutylene polymerization reactor (1997)

Industrial autothermal cationic isobutylene polymerization reactors may present very complex dynamic behavior and difficult operation. A mathemathical model was developed to describe the operation of an autothermal solution industrial reactor, and some possible sources of complex dynamical behavior were analyzed. The results obtained indicate that the most probable source of the complex behavior observed industrially is the existence of adventitious impurities in the feeed stream. The effects caused by the presence of adventitious impurities on process operation and product properties were investigated for both polymerization and oligomerization. In the first case, impurities influence the reactor productivity but do not change the polymer quality. In the oligomerization, both the polymer quality and the reactor productivity are seriously affected by the existence of impurities in the feed stream. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65: 1403–1413, 1997
Impacts of channel variability on link-level throughput in wireless networks (2006)

We study analytically and experimentally the throughput of the packetized time-varying discrete erasure channel with feedback, which closely captures the behavior of many practical physical layers. We observe that the channel variability at different time scales affects the link-level throughput positively or negatively depending on its time scale. We show that the increased variability in the channel at a time scale smaller than a single packet increases the link-level throughput, whereas the variability at a time scale longer than a single packet reduces it. We express the throughput as a function of the number of transmissions per packet and evaluate it as in terms of the cumulants of the samples of the stochastic processes, which model the channel. We also illustrate our results experimentally using mote radios.
Mechanistic Studies on the Copper-Catalyzed N-Arylation of Amides (2008)

The copper-catalyzed N-arylation of amides, i.e., the Goldberg reaction, is an efficient method for the construction of products relevant to both industry and academic settings. Herein, we present mechanistic details concerning the catalytic and stoichiometric N-arylation of amides. In the context of the catalytic reaction, our findings reveal the importance of chelating diamine ligands in controlling the concentration of the active catalytic species. The consistency between the catalytic and stoichiometric results suggests that the activation of aryl halides occurs through a 1,2-diamine-ligated copper(I) amidate complex. Kinetic studies on the stoichiometric N-arylation of aryl iodides using 1,2-diamine ligated Cu(I) amidates also provide insights into the mechanism of aryl halide activation.
gMS-Classifier1 Serum Assay Is Associated with Faster Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) Disability Progression, Reaching Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) >= 4.0 - A Retrospective Analysis (P02.092) (2012)

Objective: Explore association between gMS-Classifier1 status and risk for fast progression to EDSS≥4.0 in RRMS patients. Background Positive gMS-Classifier1 serum immunoassay, based on IgM antibodies against glycan antigens (anti-GAGA panel) was associated with fast progression by EDSS≥1.0 point in the accelerated cure project (ACP) RRMS cohort. We have further explored its association with fast progression to EDSS≥4.0 on an extended ACP cohort. Design/Methods: Selection criteria for frozen sera from ACP: Two EDSS records separated by ≥6 months, first available EDSS record Results: Selection criteria were met by 120 patients, median (IQR) EDSS at first and second visits were 1.5 (1.5-2.0) and 2.0 (1.5-2.5), respectively. Median (IQR) time between first and second records was 1050 (473-1958) days. The 75-percentile time to progress to EDSS≥4.0 was significantly faster for gMS-Classifier1 positive patients (n=36, 2000 days) than negative patients (n=84, did not reach 75-percentiles, HR 11.8 95%CI 1.6-88.7, p=0.005 log-rank). gMS-Classifer1 (HR 13.0, 95%CI 1.3-127.6) and duration of disease (HR 0.66, 95%CI 0.44-0.99) were the only variables staying in the Cox model (p-value=0.0003). Similar associations were found for faster progression to EDSS≥3.0 (HR 3.5, 95%CI 1.2-10.1 p-value=0.02) and for fast progression by EDSS≥1.0 point (HR 4.2, 95%CI 1.3-14.0 p-value=0.02). Conclusions: In this retrospective analysis of RRMS patients, gMS-Classifier1 positive status was an independent variable for association with faster disability progression to EDSS≥4.0. A prospective analysis is required to verify the predictive value of this association. Supported by: Glycominds. Disclosure: Dr. Yarden has received personal compensation for activities with Glycominds Ltd. Dr. Yarden holds stock and/or stock options in Glycominds. Dr. Schmidt has nothing to disclose. Ms. Spector has received personal compensation for activities with Glycominds Ltd as an employee. Ms. Spector holds stock and/or stock options in Glycominds Ltd. Mr. Rimer has received personal compensation for activities with Glycominds as an employee. Dr. Loud has nothing to disclose. Dr. Dotan has received personal compensation for activities with Glycominds Ltd. as an employee.Dr. Dotan holds stock and/or stock options in Glycominds Ltd., which sponsored research in which Dr. Dotan was involved as an investigator.
Data from Visualization of Breast Cancer Metabolism Using Multimodal Nonlinear Optical Microscopy of Cellular Lipids and Redox State (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Label-free nonlinear optical microscopy (NLOM) based on two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) from cofactors nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;) is widely used for high-resolution cellular redox imaging. In this work, we combined three label-free NLOM imaging methods to quantitatively characterize breast cancer cells and their relative invasive potential: (i) TPEF optical redox ratio (ORR = FAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;/NADH + FAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;), (ii) coherent Raman scattering of cellular lipids, and (iii) second harmonic generation of extracellular matrix (ECM) collagen. 3D spheroid models of primary mammary epithelial (PME) cells and breast cancer cell lines (T47D and MDA-MB-231) were characterized based on their unique ORR and lipid volume fraction signatures. Treatment with 17β-estradiol (E2) increased glycolysis in both PME and T47D ER&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; breast cancer acini. However, PME cells displayed increased lipid content with no effect on ECM, while T47D cells had decreased lipid storage (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) and significant reorganization of collagen. By measuring deuterated lipids synthesized from exogenously administered deuterium-labeled glucose, treatment of T47D cells with E2 increased both lipid synthesis and consumption rates. These results confirm that glucose is a significant source for the cellular synthesis of lipid in glycolytic breast cancer cells, and that the combination of cellular redox and lipid fraction imaging endpoints is a powerful approach with new and complementary information content.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Significance:&lt;/b&gt; These findings provide unique insight into metabolic processes, revealing correlations between cancer metastasis and cellular redox state, lipid metabolism, and extracellular matrix. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 78(10); 2503–12. ©2018 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Doping Dependence of Pseudogap in LaFeAsO1-xFx (2008)

We have performed systematic ultrahigh-resolution photoemission spectroscopy on the iron-based superconductor LaFeAsO 1- x F x ( x =0-14%) to elucidate the evolution of electronic states with doping. We found that the density of states (DOS) around the Fermi level of the superconducting sample is markedly smaller than that of the undoped sample in contrast to conventional phonon-mediated superconductors. We observed a pseudogap in the DOS above the superconducting transition temperature ( T c ) which opens/closes at a temperature ( T * ) well above T c . The energy scale of pseudogap and the T * value are gradually reduced upon fluorine substitution. The origin of pseudogap is discussed in terms of the partial nesting of Fermi surfaces due to the spin-density-wave formation or the short-range spin correlations.
Digital Kick in the Shin: On-body communication tools for couples trapped in face-to-face group conversations (2010)

In this paper we explore ensembles of on-body devices designed to support private, intimate, communication in public settings. We introduce a mobile system design concept entitled “Digital Kick in the Shin ” (Digikits) that enables individuals in an intimate relationship to subtlety send alerts to their partner with the intent of prompting action in a face-to-face conversation. We present a brief survey of intimate technology design literature and conclude with several conceptual designs that explore a range of different input and output configurations in this space.
A Study on the Performance of SS-SLM Scheme according to the Scrambling Length (2018)

SLM (selective mapping) 방식은 동일 정보에 대한 여러 후보 신호(candidate signal)들 중 PAPR (peak-to-average power ratio)이 가장 작은 신호를 선택하여 전송하는 PAPR 저감 기법으로서 구현이 간단하고 전송 신호에 왜곡이 생기지 않는 장점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 SLM 방식 중 자기 동기화 스크램블러 기반 SLM 방식(self-synchronized scrambler based SLM: SS-SLM)이 적용된 OFDM 시스템을 고려한다. SS-SLM 방식은 후보 신호 생성에 자기 동기화 스크램블러를 사용함으로써 수신단에서 부가 정보(side information) 없이 전송 신호를 검출할 수 있다. 그러나 자기 동기화 스크램블러를 사용함으로 인해 수신단에서 오류 전파(error propagation) 현상이 생긴다. 본 논문에서는 SS-SLM 방식의 오류 전파 현상을 줄이기 위해 자기동기화 스크램블러를 통과시키는 신호 구간(즉, 스크램블링 길이)을 조절하는 방식을 제안한다. 세부적으로는 스크램블링 길이에 따른 SS-SLM 방식의 PAPR 감소 이득과 오류 전파로 인한 BER 성능 저하 간의 trade-off를 컴퓨터 모의실험을 통하여 분석하고, 이를 바탕으로 OFDM 시스템에 SS-SLM 방식 적용 시 스크램블링 길이 설정에 대한 가이드라인(guideline)을 제시하고자 한다.
Autonomous Ground Vehicle Lane-Keeping LPV Model-Based Control: Dual-Rate State Estimation and Comparison of Different Real-Time Control Strategies (2021)

In this contribution, we suggest two proposals to achieve fast, real-time lane-keeping control for Autonomous Ground Vehicles (AGVs). The goal of lane-keeping is to orient and keep the vehicle within a given reference path using the front wheel steering angle as the control action for a specific longitudinal velocity. While nonlinear models can describe the lateral dynamics of the vehicle in an accurate manner, they might lead to difficulties when computing some control laws such as Model Predictive Control (MPC) in real time. Therefore, our first proposal is to use a Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) model to describe the AGV's lateral dynamics, as a trade-off between computational complexity and model accuracy. Additionally, AGV sensors typically work at different measurement acquisition frequencies so that Kalman Filters (KFs) are usually needed for sensor fusion. Our second proposal is to use a Dual-Rate Extended Kalman Filter (DREFKF) to alleviate the cost of updating the internal state of the filter. To check the validity of our proposals, an LPV model-based control strategy is compared in simulations over a circuit path to another reduced computational complexity control strategy, the Inverse Kinematic Bicycle model (IKIBI), in the presence of process and measurement Gaussian noise. The LPV-MPC controller is shown to provide a more accurate lane-keeping behavior than an IKIBI control strategy. Finally, it is seen that Dual-Rate Extended Kalman Filters (DREKFs) constitute an interesting tool for providing fast vehicle state estimation in an AGV lane-keeping application.
Stereoselective formation of cis-stilbene ozonide from the cosensitized electron-transfer photooxygenation of cis- and trans-2,3-diphenyloxiranes (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereoselective formation of cis-stilbene ozonide from the cosensitized electron-transfer photooxygenation of cis- and trans-2,3-diphenyloxiranesA. Paul Schaap, Shahabuddin Siddiqui, Steven D. Gagnon, and Luigi LopezCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 15, 5149–5150Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00353a058https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00353a058research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views165Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Response to: Correspondence on 'Novel imaging biomarkers predict outcomes in stage III unresectable non-small cell lung cancer treated with chemoradiation and durvalumab' by Zheng et al (2022)

Dear Editor, Dr Zheng et al have mentioned several concerns with the methods and approaches in our study.[1][1] First, they have suggested the use of sophisticated and rigorous dimensionality reduction methods for validation. We would like to point out that least absolute shrinkage and selection
A boundary filtering based spatial join query processing optimization algorithm (2015)

Aiming at the problems of the spatial join query processing in the cloud environment, an effective spatial join query processing optimization algorithm is proposed in this paper, which is based on the MapReduce framework. The algorithm applies a grid partitioning method to distribute spatial data objects and uses a boundary filtering strategy to reduce the computation and communication cost of spatial join query processing. Firstly, data space is divided into partition units with the same size, and spatial data objects are distributed into the corresponding partition units according to the inclusion relation between them. Then calculates the MBR of the spatial data objects within a partition unit and uses the MBR to filter the useless data objects across the partition unit, thereby reducing the corresponding computation cost. At the same time, a simple and effective data results duplication avoiding mechanism is applied to avoid repeating output of spatial join processing results, further reducing the computation cost at Reduce stage. Experiment results on synthetic and real datasets show that the proposed algorithm has obvious advantages and good performance than the original SJMR query processing algorithm.
In vivo anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of cambial meristematic cells established from Ginkgo biloba L. (2012)

Ginkgo biloba leaves are traditionally ascribed a wide range of therapeutic attributes, including anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. We previously reported success in establishing and expanding suspension cultures of G. biloba cambial meristematic cells (CMCs) in vitro, while maintaining genetic stability and physiological homogeneity. In the present study, we tested the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of G. biloba CMCs using in vitro and in vivo assay systems. Results showed that the ethanol extract of CMCs scavenged superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals in cell-free systems. We also found that oral administration of CMC extract to mice stimulated primary anti-oxidant enzyme activity in the liver. More importantly, oral administration of CMC-containing diet significantly inhibited the inflammatory response in mouse colitis model induced by dextran sulfate sodium, as assessed by the length and status of the intestine, body weight, and IgA concentration in intestine. In addition, oral administration of CMC-containing diet significantly inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in both systemic and mucosal immune regulatory sites. In conclusion, G. biloba CMCs show promise as an anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory substance.

	 

	Key words: Anti-inflammatory activity, anti-oxidant activity, cambial meristematic cells, colitis, Ginkgo biloba.
On the Expressive Power of Deep Neural Networks (2016)

We propose a new approach to the problem of neural network expressivity, which seeks to characterize how structural properties of a neural network family affect the functions it is able to compute. Our approach is based on an interrelated set of measures of expressivity, unified by the novel notion of trajectory length, which measures how the output of a network changes as the input sweeps along a one-dimensional path. Our findings can be summarized as follows: (1) The complexity of the computed function grows exponentially with depth. (2) All weights are not equal: trained networks are more sensitive to their lower (initial) layer weights. (3) Regularizing on trajectory length (trajectory regularization) is a simpler alternative to batch normalization, with the same performance.
A new Suzuki synthesis of triphenylethylenes that inhibit aromatase and bind to estrogen receptors α and β (2016)

The design and synthesis of dual aromatase inhibitors/selective estrogen receptor modulators (AI/SERMs) is an attractive strategy for the discovery of new breast cancer therapeutic agents. Previous efforts led to the preparation of norendoxifen (4) derivatives with dual aromatase inhibitory activity and estrogen receptor binding activity. In the present study, some of the structural features of the potent AI letrozole were incorporated into the lead compound (norendoxifen) to afford a series of new dual AI/SERM agents based on a symmetrical diphenylmethylene substructure that eliminates the problem of E,Z isomerization encountered with norendoxifen-based AI/SERMs. Compound 12d had good aromatase inhibitory activity (IC50=62.2nM) while also exhibiting good binding activity to both ER-α (EC50=72.1nM) and ER-β (EC50=70.8nM). In addition, a new synthesis was devised for the preparation of norendoxifen and its analogues through a bis-Suzuki coupling strategy.
The structural properties of spot size converted laser diodes fabricated by butt-joint selective area growth (2003)

Low cost laser diode modules are crucial issues for optical access network. The narrow beam of the laser diode is inevitable for passive alignment between a laser and a single mode fiber (SMF) or a planar lightwave circuit (PLC) in hybrid integration scheme in the low cost laser module for optical access network. The narrow beam of laser diode can be obtained by spot size converter which increases the mode field diameter using passive waveguide in output facet of laser diodes. The passive waveguides for spot size converter were fabricated by butt-joint selective area growth in order to optimize each region independently.