gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPUTER PROGRAM TO SUPPORT AN EFFICIENT NON-REGRESSION TEST OF A THERMAL-HYDRAULIC SYSTEM CODE (2014)

During the development process of a thermal-hydraulic system code, a non-regression test (NRT) must be performed repeatedly in order to prevent software regression. The NRT process, however, is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Thus, automation of this process is an ideal solution. In this study, we have developed a program to support an efficient NRT for the SPACE code and demonstrated its usability. This results in a high degree of efficiency for code development. The program was developed using the Visual Basic for Applications and designed so that it can be easily customized for the NRT of other computer codes.
Comparative Study of the Luminescence Properties of the Europium(III) Complexes of the Squarate, Phenylsquarate, and (Diphenylamino)squarate Ligands (1999)

Reaction of EuCl(3).6H(2)O with 3-phenyl-4-hydroxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione (phenylsquarate) in methanol produces the polymeric complex {Eu(&mgr;-C(6)H(5)C(4)O(3))(2)(C(6)H(5)C(4)O(3))(2)(CH(3)OH)(2)(H(2)O)(2).(CH(3)OH)}(n)() (1) which crystallizes in the space group P2(1)/n with a = 13.4049(5) Å, b = 13.7043(7) Å, c = 18.5026(6) Å, beta = 106.351(4) degrees, and Z = 4. The Eu(III) ion is eight coordinate with two bridging and two pendant phenylsquarate ligands, the coordination polyhedron being completed by two aqua and two methanol ligands. The emission spectra of 1 and the already reported europium(III) squarate, [Eu(H(2)O)(4)](2)(C(4)O(4))(3) (2), and europium(III) (diphenylamino)squarate, {Eu[&mgr;-(C(6)H(5))(2)NC(4)O(3)](2)[(C(6)H(5))(2)NC(4)O(3)][NO(3)][H(2)O](4)}(2).4H(2)O (3) show emissions dominated by the Eu(3+)((5)D(0) --> (7)F(j)) transitions which are typical for Eu(3+) species in low-symmetry sites. For 1 the emission occurs at room temperature and is apparently sensitized by the phenyl substituents on the phenylsquarate ligand groups; for 2 and 3 the emission is only observed at low temperature (77 K). The broad band (370-575 nm) in the excitation spectrum of 3 at 77 K is consistent with excimer formation, which can be attributed to enhanced pi-pi interactions between the C(4)-cycles of neighboring phenylsquarate ligand groups whose centroid.centroid separation decreases from 3.630(7) Å at room temperature (293 K) to 3.565(7) Å at 96 K. The temperature dependence of the luminescence of all three complexes revealed strong Eu.Eu interactions which keep the energy transport process in the dynamic regime.
Ultra high frequency resonant cavity in Aluminum Nitride phononic crystals (2012)

This paper presents the first experimental demonstration of the ultra high frequency (UHF) phononic crystal (PnC) resonant cavities in Aluminum Nitride (AlN) sputtered films. Two types of square lattice designs were investigated: the conventional PnC with air circular scatterer and the inverse acoustic band gap (IABG) structure. By removing 3 periods of PnC columns in the array, a cavity is formed to trap acoustic energy within, which results in a resonance in the frequency domain. The designed PnC cavities exhibited resonant frequencies about 660 MHz with quality factors of 675 and 220 for the conventional circular air scatterer PnCs and IABG, respectively. The IABG cavity also showed another resonance at a higher frequency of 916 MHz with Q of 525. More intriguingly, the cavities displayed low intrinsic acoustic loss (as low as 4 dB in the normalized response). These preliminary results are an important stepping stone in showing potential use of PnC for signal processing and frequency referencing.
Profoundly different prion diseases in knock-in mice carrying single PrP codon substitutions associated with human diseases (2013)

In man, mutations in different regions of the prion protein (PrP) are associated with infectious neurodegenerative diseases that have remarkably different clinical signs and neuropathological lesions. To explore the roots of this phenomenon, we created a knock-in mouse model carrying the mutation associated with one of these diseases [Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)] that was exactly analogous to a previous knock-in model of a different prion disease [fatal familial insomnia (FFI)]. Together with the WT parent, this created an allelic series of three lines, each expressing the same protein with a single amino acid difference, and with all native regulatory elements intact. The previously described FFI mice develop neuronal loss and intense reactive gliosis in the thalamus, as seen in humans with FFI. In contrast, CJD mice had the hallmark features of CJD, spongiosis and proteinase K-resistant PrP aggregates, initially developing in the hippocampus and cerebellum but absent from the thalamus. A molecular transmission barrier protected the mice from any infectious prion agents that might have been present in our mouse facility and allowed us to conclude that the diseases occurred spontaneously. Importantly, both models created agents that caused a transmissible neurodegenerative disease in WT mice. We conclude that single codon differences in a single gene in an otherwise normal genome can cause remarkably different neurodegenerative diseases and are sufficient to create distinct protein-based infectious elements.
Age and Sex Influences on Airway Hyperresponsiveness (2010)

These findings demonstrate important differences in airway reactivity related to age and gender that are observed independent of any environmental influences. Furthermore, these findings highlight the importance of careful age and sex matching in studies of airway reactivity.
Production and Characterization of Bio-Char from the Pyrolysis of Empty Fruit Bunches (2011)

Problem statement: The palm oil industry generates an abundance of oil palm biomass such as the Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB), shell, frond, trunk and Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME). For 88 million tones of Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) processed in 2008, the amount of oil palm biomass was more than 26 million tones. Studies about production of bio-char from oil palm biomass are still lacking in Malaysia. So, this study was aimed to: (i) determine the effect of pyrolysis temperatures on bio-char yield (ii) characterize the bio-char obtained under different pyrolysed temperatures. Approach: In this study, pyrolysis of EFB was conducted using a fluidized fixed bed reactor. The effect of pyrolysis temperatures on bio-char yield was investigated. The pyrolysis temperature used ranged from 300-700C. The elemental analysis, calorific value, surface area and total pore volume of the bio-char were determined. Results: The highest bio char yield of 41.56% was obtained at an optimum pyrolysis temperature of 300C with particle size of 91-106 m and the heating rate of 30C min -1 . The calorific values of bio-char ranged from 23-26 MJ kg -1 . Conclusion: It was found that the bio-char products can be characterized as carbon rich, high calorific value and potential solid biofuels.
Stereocontrolled Total Synthesis of (+)‐Streptazolin by a Palladium‐Catalyzed Reductive Diyne Cyclization. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Development of Photonic Crystal Based Large Format IR Scene Projection Technology. (2016)

Abstract not provided.
High field dynamic nuclear polarization—the renaissance (2010)

A graphical abstract is available for this content
2.5 Gb/s transmission over 674 km at multiple wavelengths using a tunable DBR laser with an integrated electroabsorption modulator (1993)

We present a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) laser/modulator photonic integrated circuit capable of transmission over 674 km of conventional fiber at 2.5 Gb/s. Transmission was performed at four wavelengths over a range of >4 nm. The bit error rate (BER) sensitivity achieved at each wavelength varied by less than 1.1 dB. These results produce a record bit rate-distance product at each wavelength of 1.7 Tb.km/s for monolithic transmitters through nondispersion shifted fiber. Such devices are ideal sources for multichannel wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) transmission systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Application dependency of 3-D integrated hybrid solid-state drive system with through-silicon via technology (2016)

Study of storage class memory (SCM) /NAND flash memory hybrid solid-state drive (SSD) is developed for enterprise storage system. The hybrid SSDs for enterprise applications require a large capacity. However, the larger hybrid SSD capacity becomes, the more energy is consumed. Then, through silicon-via (TSV) technology realizes to reduce energy consumption and footprint of the hybrid SSDs. In this paper, the energy consumption of three-dimensional (3-D) hybrid SSDs with the TSV are evaluated, and design guideline for the hybrid SSD system with the TSV is presented for application characteristics. From the evaluation results, the TSV is effective for the small-capacity low-end mobile hybrid SSD with the read-hot application, and 25.7% energy consumption reduction is obtained with the TSV. Additionally, the TSV is effective for the large-capacity high-end enterprise hybrid SSD with the read-cold application, and the energy consumption reduces by 56.6% with applying the TSV.
Choices for Healthy Outcomes In Caring for End Stage Renal Disease (1996)

Summary In the CHOICE study, a multidisciplinary research team is conducting several complementary research projects designed to better understand how dialysis care practice influences health outcomes and costs. The study places a special emphasis on the perspective of the patient. The effort includes the development of patient‐centered instruments for assessment of health‐related quality of life, patient preferences and patient satisfaction. Our hope is to provide information and tools to guide physicians and providers in selecting optimal dialysis practices for their patients with ESRD.
SUMIS: Near-Optimal Soft-In Soft-Out MIMO Detection With Low and Fixed Complexity (2012)

The fundamental problem of our interest here is soft-input soft-output multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) detection. We propose a method, referred to as subspace marginalization with interference suppression (SUMIS), that yields unprecedented performance at low and fixed (deterministic) complexity. Our method provides a well-defined tradeoff between computational complexity and performance. Apart from an initial sorting step consisting of selecting channel-matrix columns, the algorithm involves no searching nor algorithmic branching; hence the algorithm has a completely predictable run-time and allows for a highly parallel implementation. We numerically assess the performance of SUMIS in different practical settings: full/partial channel state information, sequential/iterative decoding, and low/high rate outer codes. We also comment on how the SUMIS method performs in systems with a large number of transmit antennas.
Monolithic fiber-grating and MEMS based devices for controllable ultrafast pulse shaping (2005)

A new type of optical pulse shaper for arbitrary waveform generation is demonstrated, based on fiber Bragg grating and micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) technologies. This is an on-chip device which is compact, robust, monolithic, and programmable and can be used for a variety of applications such as higher order dispersion compensation in fiber communication links and high-energy pulse amplification.
Mucosal layer as major source of green autofluorescence in the colon under excitation by blue light (2008)

Autofluorescence endoscopy is a promising modality for diagnosis of colonic tumors. This article discusses the origin of autofluorescence of the normal colon. Excised normal colons were analyzed by using fluorescence stereomicroscopy and a fluorescence-lifetime microscopy system. Fluorescence images showed that the mucosa had stronger autofluorescence than the submucosa. The results of fluorescence-lifetime measurement showed that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) might be responsible for the autofluorescence of the colonic epithelia. Our results suggest that the mucosal autofluorescence generates by NADH and FAD was an important source of the green autofluorescence.
Improved progenitor assay standardization using peripheral blood progenitor cells from a donor treated with granulocyte–colony‐stimulating factor (1999)

Baseline assay results were extremely inconsistent. Interindividual differences in colony interpretation did not contribute significantly to assay variability, although sample preparation and plating did. Improved control over cell concentration decreased assay variability by 70 to 73 percent.
80-km Coherent DWDM-PON on 20-GHz Grid With Injected Gain Switched Comb Source (2014)

We have proposed and experimentally demonstrated a 6 × 40-Gb/s long reach dense wavelength division multiplexed passive optical network downlink system operating over 80 km of standard single mode fiber. The six optical channels with 20 GHz spacing are generated by an externally injected gain switched optical comb source. Each comb line is imposed with a 6-GBd polarization division multiplexed quadrature amplitude modulation, which included a 20% overhead for forward error correction. A worst case channel sensitivity of -35.6 dBm (54 photons/bit) at a bit error rate of 1.5×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> was achieved, yielding a system loss budget of 40 dB.
Stromal responses to carcinomas of the pancreas: Juxtatumoral gene expression conforms to the infiltrating pattern and not the biologic subtype (2005)

If there is a "science" of tumor-stromal interactions, there must be a set of biologic rules that are organ-site dependent. One way to explore this hypothesis would be to compare the patterns of gene expression of two biologically distinct neoplasms that arise within the same organ site. Using nonradioactive in situ hybridization, we evaluated the gene expression patterns of three genes previously shown to be robust markers of the juxtatumoral stroma within eight infiltrating ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas (ApoC1, ApoD and MMP11), and compared these patterns to those associated with seven infiltrating colloid and tubular carcinomas arising in association with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs), a histologically distinct form of primary carcinoma of the pancreas, two surgically resected samples of chronic pancreatitis and two surgically resected pancreatic cancer liver metastases. Robust juxtatumoral stromal expression was noted for all three markers within all eight conventional infiltrating ductal adenocarcinoma tissues, but not in samples of chronic pancreatitis. Among the carcinomas arising within an IPMN, expression for all three markers was also noted for five of seven infiltrating carcinomas analyzed. However, when labeling for these three markers was analyzed with respect to infiltrative growth pattern, positive labeling was only seen in areas of tubular (ductal-type) growth and not in areas of colloid carcinoma. This observation was further supported by two infiltrating carcinomas arising in an IPMN that showed both tubular and colloid growth patterns within the same neoplasm indicating the host stromal response observed may relate to infiltrative growth pattern rather than the biology of the primary tumor type. Moreover, these robust patterns within conventional infiltrating ductal adenocarcinomas were not retained within matched metastases to the liver, indicating the importance of the tumor microenvironment in the host stromal response. Juxtatumoral stroma was found to be composed of a least two cell types, tumor-infiltrating macrophages and fibroblasts, highlighting the complexity of tumor-stromal interactions within an infiltrating carcinoma. Since the juxtatumoral gene expression response is the strongest indication of direct communication between stroma and cancer cells, we provide evidence of a stereotypical response to infiltrative growth that might predominate in tumor-stromal interactions independent of cancer type, a finding with clinical implications for therapeutic modalities that target this response in human tumors.
Organic Light‐Emitting Devices: Instant Low‐Temperature Cross‐Linking of Poly(N‐vinylcarbazole) for Solution‐Processed Multilayer Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Devices (Adv. Mater. 45/2014) (2014)

Poly(N-vinylcarbazole) undergoes crosslinking to form highly solvent-resistant films through an oxidative coupling reaction induced by phosphomolybdic acid, which occurs rapidly upon spin-coating their precursor solutions and annealing them for 3 min at 110 °C, removing acetonitrile, which acts as an inhibitor of the oxidative coupling. This reaction allows highly efficient solution-processed multilayer organic light-emitting devices to be constructed without a time-consuming annealing process, as demonstrated by Y.-J. Pu, J. Kido, and co-workers on page 7543.
Effects of Carbohydrates on Rosmarinic Acid Production and In Vitro Antimicrobial Activities in Hairy Root Cultures of Agastache rugosa (2023)

<i>Agastache rugosa</i> (popularly known as Korean mint) belongs to the Lamiaceae family and comprises 22 species of perennial aromatic medicinal species native to East Asian countries, such as Korea, Taiwan, Japan, and China. <i>A. rugosa</i> contains many phenolic compounds that exhibit pharmacological and physiological activities, including antioxidant, anticancer, antiviral, antifungal, and antibacterial activities. The highest concentrations of rosmarinic acid and its isomers have been reported in the roots of <i>A. rugosa</i>. In this in vitro study, hairy roots of <i>A. rugosa</i> were obtained and the carbohydrates (sorbitol, mannitol, glucose, maltose, galactose, mannose, and sucrose) were evaluated to determine those that were optimal for rosmarinic acid production and hairy root growth. Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of extracts of <i>A. rugosa</i> were also assessed. The best carbon source for <i>A</i>. <i>rugosa</i> hairy root cultures was sucrose, considering biomass productivity (0.460 ± 0.034 mg/30 mL), rosmarinic acid production (7.656 ± 0.407 mg/g dry weight), and total phenolic content (12.714 ± 0.202 mg/g gallic acid equivalent). Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were displayed by <i>A</i>. <i>rugosa</i> hairy roots cultured in liquid medium supplemented with 100 mM sucrose. Twenty-five bacterial strains, including multidrug-resistant bacteria and one pathogenic yeast strain, were used for antimicrobial screening of <i>A</i>. <i>rugosa</i> hairy roots. The hairy root extracts displayed antibacterial activity against <i>Micrococcus luteus</i> (KCTC 3063) and <i>Bacillus cereus</i> (KCTC 3624). The inhibition of these bacteria was greater using <i>A</i>. <i>rugosa</i> hairy roots with the highest levels of phenolic compounds cultured in the presence of sucrose, compared to hairy roots with the lowest levels of phenolic compounds cultured in the presence of fructose. Considering hairy root biomass, phenolic compound production, and antibacterial activity, sucrose is the best carbon source for <i>A</i>. <i>rugosa</i> hairy root cultures.
Covalent Organic Polymers and Frameworks for Fluorescence-Based Sensors (2021)

Following the advancements and diversification in synthetic strategies for porous covalent materials in the literature, the materials science community started to investigate the performance of covalent organic polymers (COPs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) in applications that require large surface areas for interaction with other molecules, chemical stability, and insolubility. Sensorics is an area where COPs and COFs have demonstrated immense potential and achieved high levels of sensitivity and selectivity on account of their tunable structures. In this review, we focus on those covalent polymeric systems that use fluorescence spectroscopy as a method of detection. After briefly reviewing the physical basis of fluorescence-based sensors, we delve into various kinds of analytes that have been explored with COPs and COFs, namely, heavy metal ions, explosives, biological molecules, amines, pH, volatile organic compounds and solvents, iodine, enantiomers, gases, and anions. Throughout this work, we discuss the mechanisms involved in each sensing application and aim to quantify the potency of the discussed sensors by providing limits of detection and quenching constants when available. This review concludes with a summary of the surveyed literature and raises a few concerns that should be addressed in the future development of COP and COF fluorescence-based sensors.
Recent Progress on Skin-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Pigs (2012)

Skin serves as an easily accessible source of multipotent stem cells with potential for cellular therapies. In pigs, stem cells from skin tissues of fetal and adult origins have been demonstrated as either floating spheres (cell aggregates) or adherent spindle-shaped mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-like cells depending on culture conditions. The cells isolated from the epidermis and dermis of porcine skin showed plastic adherent growth in the presence of serum and positively expressed a range of surface and intracellular markers that are considered to be specific for MSCs. The properties of primitive stem cells have been observed with the expression of alkaline phosphatase and markers related to pluripotency. Further, studies have shown the ability of skin-derived MSCs to differentiate in vitro along mesodermal, neuronal and germ-line lineages. Moreover, preclinical studies have also been performed to assess their in vivo potential, and the findings appear to be effective in tissue regeneration at the defected site after transplantation. The present review describes the recent progress on the biological features of porcine skin-derived MSCs as adherent cells, and summarizes their potential in advancing stem cell based therapies.
ChemInform Abstract: PENTAMETHYLCYCLOPENTADIENYL ORGANOACTINIDES. TRIVALENT URANIUM ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY AND THE UNUSUAL STRUCTURE OF BIS(PENTAMETHYLCYCLOPENTADIENYL)URANIUM MONOCHLORIDE (1979)

Abstract Die Titelverbindung (II), in der U(III) durch Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl‐Liganden komplexiert ist, ist eine ausgezeichnete Ausgangsverbindung für weitere U(III)‐Verbindungen.
The stability of electrically induced ventricular fibrillation (2012)

The first recorded heart rhythm for cardiac arrest patients can either be ventricular fibrillation (VF) which is treatable with a defibrillator, or asystole or pulseless electrical activity (PEA) which are not. The time course for the deterioration of VF to either asystole or PEA is not well understood. Knowing the time course of this deterioration may allow for improvements in emergency service delivery. In addition, this may improve the diagnosis of possible electrocutions from various electrical sources including utility power, electric fences, or electronic control devices (ECDs) such as a TASER(®) ECD. We induced VF in 6 ventilated swine by electrically maintaining rapid cardiac capture, with resulting hypotension, for 90 seconds. No circulatory assistance was provided. They were then monitored for 40 minutes via an electrode in the right ventricle. Only 2 swine remained in VF; 3 progressed to asystole; 1 progressed to PEA. These results were used in a logistic regression model. The results are then compared to published animal and human data. The median time for the deterioration of electrically induced VF in the swine was 35 minutes. At 24 minutes VF was still maintained in all of the animals. We conclude that electrically induced VF is long-lived--even in the absence of chest compressions.
In vivo fate mapping of cryopreserved murine ovarian grafts (2014)

Ovarian cryopreservation by slow freezing compromises ovarian reserve by cryoinjury and ischemia, evident at an early stage after transplantation.
Genome-wide midrange transcription profiles reveal expression level relationships in human tissue specification (2004)

Four tables available at the above site.