gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous Deposition of LSM and YSZ for SOFC Cathode Functional Layers by an APS Process (2005)

Abstract In order to reduce the manufacturing costs of SOFC layer systems the atmospheric plasma-spray (APS) process is an attractive technique. Especially the deposition of high performance cathodes, which are essential for a high power density of the SOFC, are of major importance. The cathode functional layer (CFL) has to provide a high amount of triple-phases boundaries to allow the cathodic oxidation reaction. A typical materials mixture used for such a CFL is the perovskite (La0.65,Sr0.3)MnO3 (LSM) and the fully Y2O3-stabilized zirconia (YSZ). A sufficiently porous layer has to be formed where both components are mixed on a sub-micrometer scale. In addition to the tough challenge concerning the creation of a suitable microstructure of a CFL deposited by an APS process two additional difficulties have to be solved: i.) a decomposition of the perovskite and ii.) a chemical reaction between the LSM and the YSZ during the atmospheric plasma-spray process must be avoided. Suitable spray processing strategies were developed to overcome these problems. Cathode functional layers were produced by an atmospheric plasma-spray process using a multi-cathode Triplex-APS torch. Coatings are characterized by SEM, EDX, XRD and the porosity was determined by digital image analysis. SOFC layer systems with the new developed CFL are tested in single fuel cell tests.
Leptospira interrogans serovar Copenhageni Harbors Two lexA Genes Involved in SOS Response (2013)

Bacteria activate a regulatory network in response to the challenges imposed by DNA damage to genetic material, known as the SOS response. This system is regulated by the RecA recombinase and by the transcriptional repressor lexA. Leptospira interrogans is a pathogen capable of surviving in the environment for weeks, being exposed to a great variety of stress agents and yet retaining its ability to infect the host. This study aims to investigate the behavior of L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni after the stress induced by DNA damage. We show that L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni genome contains two genes encoding putative LexA proteins (lexA1 and lexA2) one of them being potentially acquired by lateral gene transfer. Both genes are induced after DNA damage, but the steady state levels of both LexA proteins drop, probably due to auto-proteolytic activity triggered in this condition. In addition, seven other genes were up-regulated following UV-C irradiation, recA, recN, dinP, and four genes encoding hypothetical proteins. This set of genes is potentially regulated by LexA1, as it showed binding to their promoter regions. All these regions contain degenerated sequences in relation to the previously described SOS box, TTTGN 5CAAA. On the other hand, LexA2 was able to bind to the palindrome TTGTAN10TACAA, found in its own promoter region, but not in the others. Therefore, the L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni SOS regulon may be even more complex, as a result of LexA1 and LexA2 binding to divergent motifs. New possibilities for DNA damage response in Leptospira are expected, with potential influence in other biological responses such as virulence.
A Secure Structured Multisignature Scheme Based on a Non-commutative Ring Homomorphism (2011)

Verifying the signing order is sometimes very important in multisignature schemes. A multisignature scheme in which the signing order can be verified is called structured multisignature scheme and many such schemes have been proposed so far. However, there are not many structured multisignature schemes utilizing an algebraic structure of underlying algebraic operation. Ohmori, Chida, Shizuya and Nishizeki have proposed a structured multisignature scheme by utilizing a non-commutative ring homomorphism. Since their scheme does not fully reflect the structure of signers and its rigorous security analysis is not provided, we construct an improved structured multisignature scheme overcoming these problems by utilizing the non-commutative ring homomorphism in a different way and discuss its rigorous security against various attacks, including signer structure forgery, rogue key attack and attack-0 under the discrete logarithm assumption. As far as we know, the scheme in [30], which does not use non-commutative ring homomorphism, guarantees the most rigorous security but the number of signers is restricted in order to prevent attack-0. In contrast, our scheme overcomes attack-0 by virtue of a ring homomorphism and no restriction is imposed on the number of signers.
Convex Combination of LMF and ZA-LMF for Variable Sparse System Identification (2019)

The objective of this work is to introduce a convex combination of two filters to perform a variable sparse system identification. The first filter is based on the Least Mean Fourth algorithm (LMF), whereas the second is based on its sparse aware version, i.e., the Zero-attractor-LMF (ZA-LMF) algorithm. The convex combination is proposed to solve the sparsity problem under non-Gaussian noise environments. The universality study of the filter indicates that the convex combination always chooses the component filter that offers the lowest Excess Mean Square Error (EMSE) possible. Computer Simulations are performed to confirm the theoretical findings.
Comparison of diagnostic accuracies of two‐ and three‐dimensional MR elastography of the liver (2016)

3 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;45:1163-1170.
A Semantic Map for Imperative-Hortatives (2003)

This chapter is about similarities and differences in the way languages express orders, requests and exhortations. It crucially employs a so-called 'semantic map'. The concept of the semantic map will be presented in section 2.1. Section 2.2 sketches some issues in the study of Imperatives and Imperative-like constructions. In section 2.3 a semantic map is proposed that yields some insights in the study of Imperatives and Imperative-like structures.
Genomic Analysis of Waterpipe Smoke-Induced Lung Tumor Autophagy and Plasticity (2022)

The role of autophagy in lung cancer cells exposed to waterpipe smoke (WPS) is not known. Because of the important role of autophagy in tumor resistance and progression, we investigated its relationship with WP smoking. We first showed that WPS activated autophagy, as reflected by LC3 processing, in lung cancer cell lines. The autophagy response in smokers with lung adenocarcinoma, as compared to non-smokers with lung adenocarcinoma, was investigated further using the TCGA lung adenocarcinoma bulk RNA-seq dataset with the available patient metadata on smoking status. The results, based on a machine learning classification model using Random Forest, indicate that smokers have an increase in autophagy-activating genes. Comparative analysis of lung adenocarcinoma molecular signatures in affected patients with a long-term active exposure to smoke compared to non-smoker patients indicates a higher tumor mutational burden, a higher CD8+ T-cell level and a lower dysfunction level in smokers. While the expression of the checkpoint genes tested-PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2 and CTLA-4-remains unchanged between smokers and non-smokers, B7-1, B7-2, IDO1 and CD200R1 were found to be higher in non-smokers than smokers. Because multiple factors in the tumor microenvironment dictate the success of immunotherapy, in addition to the expression of immune checkpoint genes, our analysis explains why patients who are smokers with lung adenocarcinoma respond better to immunotherapy, even though there are no relative differences in immune checkpoint genes in the two groups. Therefore, targeting autophagy in lung adenocarcinoma patients, in combination with checkpoint inhibitor-targeted therapies or chemotherapy, should be considered in smoker patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
Transducer motion estimation using combined ultrasound signal decorrelation and optical sensor data for low-cost ultrasound systems with increased field of view (2011)

Transducer motion estimation can be used to synthesize 3D ultrasound images from multiple B-mode (2D) images. This enables intuitive ultrasound volume imaging using low-channel count systems with reduced transducer complexity, power consumption and beamforming computational load. However, it is difficult to accurately and precisely track transducer motion in three dimensions. In this paper, we investigate combining motion estimates from optical tracking and ultrasound decorrelation measurements, to produce an improved composite estimate. Individual modality and combined tracking performance is evaluated using mechanical (i.e. motion stage) and freehand scanning. A lumbar-region spine phantom was used as a target, in a speckle background, with overlaid porcine tissue to simulate skin texture and provide realistic phase aberration. Results indicate that for this system, decorrelation tracking is accurate for elevational displacements up to 1mm, with errors of <; 0.07 mm. Optical tracking maintains errors <; 0.07 mm for displacements up to 3mm. Unfortunately, the presence of ultrasound gel introduces a significant measurement bias, -0.129 mm for a 1mm translation. A combined estimate mitigates this effect, reducing the 1 mm translation estimation error to <; 0.07 mm. Using combined motion estimates, we show it is possible make useful 3D images using a B-mode transducer system.
A genericmodeling approach formolecule-gated nanowire transistors usingVHDL-AMS (2006)

A generic VHDL-AMSmodelformolecular-gated nanowire FET ispresented. Thiscompactmodeling aimedat reproducing thespecific electrical characteristics ofthis newclass ofdevices, combining accuracy forcircuits functional analysis withefficient simulation time. Threedifferent devices havebeen successfully modeled andsimulated. Comparison toexperimental datashowsverygoodaccordance.
Establishment in Culture of Expanded Potential Stem Cells (2017)

Abstract Mouse embryonic stem cells are derived from in vitro explantation of blastocyst epiblasts 1,2 and contribute to both the somatic lineage and germline when returned to the blastocyst 3 but are normally excluded from the trophoblast lineage and primitive endoderm 4–6 . Here, we report that cultures of expanded potential stem cells (EPSCs) can be established from individual blastomeres, by direct conversion of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and by genetically reprogramming somatic cells. Remarkably, a single EPSC contributes to the embryo proper and placenta trophoblasts in chimeras. Critically, culturing EPSCs in a trophoblast stem cell (TSC) culture condition permits direct establishment of TSC lines without genetic modification. Molecular analyses including single cell RNA-seq reveal that EPSCs share cardinal pluripotency features with ESCs but have an enriched blastomere transcriptomic signature and a dynamic DNA methylome. These proof-of-concept results open up the possibility of establishing cultures of similar stem cells in other mammalian species.
Frequency-selective heteronuclear dephasing by dipole couplings in spinning and static solids (1996)

A compensated pulse sequence for the spectrally selective reintroduction of heteronuclear dipole–dipole interactions (frequency-selective dipolar recoupling) into solid state magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments is described and shown to provide frequency-selective dipolar dephasing in weakly coupled spin systems. The experimental dipolar spin evolution is interpreted via analytical and numerical calculations, which include a simple model for the observed losses of spin coherence in the multiple pulse experiments. In the peptide glycylglycine, the selective dipolar evolution of two spins is observed while the influence of larger internuclear couplings is suppressed. This approach is aimed at obtaining several quantitative internuclear distances independently in dipolar ‘‘recoupling’’ MAS experiments by reducing multiple spin effects in the observed dipolar evolution. Similar frequency-selective dephasing experiments are also introduced for static solids, where an efficient application to measuring relative tensor orientations in powdered samples is demonstrated.
INTESTINAL LYMPHANGIECTASIA WITH HYPOMAGNESÆMIC TETANY (1968)

Summary This report concerns a patient suffering from intestinal lymphangiectasia, and recurrent tetany not responding to calcium and vitamin D. Hypomagnesæmia was demonstrated, and the tetany was relieved by magnesium therapy. Measurement of the plasma ionized calcium content showed it to be in the tetanic range. This returned to normal after magnesium infusion, and the tetany was relieved concurrently with this.
Chemical and pressure sensors using tapered optical fiber with polymer layer (2012)

The polymer polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) whose refractive index and shape vary with absorbed organic compounds and pressure is used as the cladding layer in the tapered region of an optical fiber. The light propagation in the tapered region is influenced by the refractive index and shape changes of the PDMS layer due to the optical evanescent field. By monitoring the optical tapered fiber transmission power variations, an organic compound/ pressure sensor is developed.
Expression of human recombinant β2-microglobulin by Aspergillus nidulans and its activity (1996)

The light chain of HLA class I protein (beta 2m) has been expressed in Aspergillus nidulans. The cDNA of beta 2m was modified using the polymerase chain reaction to include overlapping extensions for its subsequent fusion into an Aspergillus vector. This fusion resulted in beta 2m cDNA being flanked by the Aspergillus awamori glucoamylase promoter and the Aspergillus niger glucoamylase terminator. Expression of beta 2m was induced by the addition of starch to the culture medium. In preliminary mass culture trials, 177 micrograms/liter of f beta 2m were obtained in 60-liter fermentations. N-terminal sequencing of purified human beta 2m produced in fungi (f beta 2m) revealed that 28% of the purified protein was of proper sequence and 61% of the protein had an additional serine and lysine residue derived from the C-terminus of the fungal leader. Purified f beta 2m from culture supernatants appeared biochemically similar to beta 2m obtained from human urine (u beta 2m) as seen in immunoblot analysis. Functionally, f beta 2m effectively interacted as a subunit of class I MHC molecules. This was seen both in a sandwich ELISA for detecting properly folded HLA class I heavy chain and in assays showing cell-surface beta 2m exchange into the mouse class I MHC H-2Kd. In these experiments the biological activity of f beta 2m was indistinguishable from u beta 2m. The successful expression of biologically active beta 2m in A. nidulans suggests that fungal systems might be useful for the production of other active components of the HLA class I MHC complex.
(S)‐(–)‐α,α‐Di(2‐naphthyl)‐2‐pyrrolidinemethanol, a useful tool to study the recognition mechanism in chiral ligand‐exchange chromatography (2007)

A dynamic coating of the RP-18 carbon chain layers with the new chiral selector (S)-(-)-alpha,alpha-di(2-naphthyl)-2-pyrrolidinemethanol allowed the formation of a mixed chiral stationary phase that has been used in the separation of a selected set of amino acid racemates. Both a representative model and classification structure-property relationship studies have been performed in order to study the contribution of hydrophobic, bulky and electron-donating groups in the side chain of the chiral selector to the mechanism of chiral recognition.
Molecular Design Strategy of Organic Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters (2017)

Recently, organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters have attracted a great deal of attention because they can theoretically realize 100% internal quantum efficiency. Many TADF emitters have been developed since the first demonstration of close to 20% external quantum efficiency in the devices. Recently developed TADF emitters demonstrated close to 37% external quantum efficiency in blue, above 30% external quantum efficiency in green, and close to 18% external quantum efficiency in red devices. Therefore, TADF organic light-emitting diodes could potentially be substituted for high-efficiency phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes. In this work, we reviewed molecular design strategies of organic-based TADF emitters by classifying them into several categories depending on the material parameters required for the TADF emitters. In addition, we proposed a future development direction of TADF emitters to make them competitive with phosphorescent emitters.
A computational and experimental investigation of the human thermal plume (2005)

The behavior of the buoyant plume of air shed by a human being in an indoor environment is important to room ventilation requirements, airborne disease spread, air pollution control, indoor air quality, and the thermal comfort of building occupants. It also becomes a critical factor in special environments like surgery rooms and clean-rooms. Of the previous human thermal plume studies, few have used actual human volunteers, made quantitative plume velocity measurements, or considered thermal stratification of the environment. Here, a study of the human thermal plume in a standard room environment, including moderate thermal stratification, is presented. We characterize the velocity field around a human volunteer in a temperature-stratified room using particle image velocimetry (PIV). These results are then compared to those obtained from a steady three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solution of the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations (RANS) using the RNG k‐e two-equation turbulence model. Although the CFD simulation employs a highly simplified model of the human form, it nonetheless compares quite well with the PIV data in terms of the plume centerline velocity distribution, velocity profiles, and flow rates. The effect of thermal room stratification on the human plume is examined by comparing the stratified results with those of an additional CFD plume simulation in a uniform-temperature room. The resulting centerline velocity distribution and plume flow rates are presented. The reduction in plume buoyancy produced by room temperature stratification has a significant effect on plume behavior.
Virus self-assembly proceeds through contact-rich energy minima (2021)

Self-assembly of supramolecular complexes such as viral capsids occurs prominently in nature. Nonetheless, the mechanisms underlying these processes remain poorly understood. Here, we uncover the assembly pathway of hepatitis B virus (HBV), applying fluorescence optical tweezers and high-speed atomic force microscopy. This allows tracking the assembly process in real time with single-molecule resolution. Our results identify a specific, contact-rich pentameric arrangement of HBV capsid proteins as a key on-path assembly intermediate and reveal the energy balance of the self-assembly process. Real-time nucleic acid packaging experiments show that a free energy change of ~1.4 <i>k</i><sub>B</sub><i>T</i> per condensed nucleotide is used to drive protein oligomerization. The finding that HBV assembly occurs via contact-rich energy minima has implications for our understanding of the assembly of HBV and other viruses and also for the development of new antiviral strategies and the rational design of self-assembling nanomaterials.
Motion pattern adapted real‐time respiratory gating (1999)

The information about the current respiratory motion state used in conventional gating to accept or to reject data can further be used to obtain motion statistics during an MR scan. This can serve to monitor changes in the respiratory pattern of the patient by comparison of motion statistics subsequently obtained during scanning. Two indicators are introduced: first a parameter that registers changes of the motion pattern, and second an indicator that expresses the quality of the data set already obtained. Based on these indicators, the gating algorithm decides to change gating parameters during scanning automatically. This new approach has the potential to increase the scan efficiency considerably without the need of operator interaction and/or significant patient cooperation. The basic principle is described and illustrated for the motion-adapted gating technique, and first in vivo results are presented to underline the feasibility of this concept. Magn Reson Med 41:148-155, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Modeling the Chemical Conversion of Organic Compounds in Sodium Borohydride Reduction Reactions (2008)

In this paper we propose a new modeling concept for the prediction of the chemical conversion of reducible species as a function of reductant concentration in sodium borohydride reduction reactions. This concept is applicable to organic compounds of unknown reactive group concentrations, such as mixtures of organic or colloidal materials. In addition to the prediction of chemical conversion, the calculation of model fitting parameters also provides values for an “apparent, conditional equilibrium constant” and an effective reactive group concentration. These models are derived on the basis of simple chemical principles and a chemical equilibrium assumption. The model-fitting parameters can be easily determined with standard mathematical software. Nevertheless, these models capture the overall behavior of the chemical reduction reaction sufficiently well for accurate predictive needs. This modeling concept can be applied in two possible ways. First, model predictions allow the transfer of experimental chemical conversion data to new, similar target compounds, assuming that the necessary requirements are fulfilled. This leads to shorter time-frames required for process development. Second, these models can be applied as heuristic tools in order to test the feasibility of a proposed overall reaction mechanism and/or effective reactive group concentration.
Insulin-like growth factor-I is anabolic in vitamin D deficiency but fails to stimulate bone growth (1994)

Suppl.1, résumé de communication n.A430
Efficient targeting of NY-ESO-1 tumor antigen to human cDC1s by lymphotactin results in cross-presentation and antigen-specific T cell expansion (2022)

Our results present a novel strategy for the generation of targeted vaccines fused to insoluble antigens. Moreover, our data emphasize the potential of targeting XCR1 at the surface of primary human cDC1s to induce potent CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell responses.
Jahnheim u Horního Slavkova – místo komunikace německonacionálních organizací? (2015)

The German Gymnastic Association (Deutscher Turnverband), the largest\nGerman gymnastic organisation in the First Czechoslovak Republic, bought a run-down\nmulti-storey building close to Horní Slavkov in 1928. After costly restoration, it was reopened\nas a lodge, the Jahnheim. The Jahnheim was meant to be a meeting place for\nmembers of various German nationalistic organisations, one where they could work to\nstrengthen their resistance against the Czechoslovak state in an informal atmosphere. This\nstudy employs in particular the journal of the German Gymnastic Association to examine,\nwhich assumptions the building possessed for fulfilling this ambitious plan and whether\nthe efforts that the German Gymnastic Association invested in the project achieved some\nresults. We seek to locate this topic in the broader socio-cultural context of the German\ngymnastic movement as well as in a transnational perspective. Thanks to this the Jahnheim\nnear Horní Slavkov obtains the Central European relevance.
Guest Editorial Computing in Emerging Technologies (Second Issue) (2015)

The articles in this special issue focus on circuit, architecture, and system aspects of computing in beyond-CMOS electronics.