gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two Cases of Intralabyrinthine Schwannoma (2006)

Intralabyrinthine schwannoma is a rare tumor that arises from the distal portion of either the vestibular or cochlear nerve. Consequently, the cochlear, the semicircular canals, the vestibule, or a combination of these structures may become involved. Clinically, intralabyrinthine schwannoma mimics the clinical features of many other neurotologic conditions that might be often misdiagnosed as Meneres disease, sudden deaf and so on. Therefore, a high index of suspicion and precise imaging are often required to detect this tumor. We report two cases of intralabyrinthine schwannomas which was diagnosed with high resolution, gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and removed by transmastoid labyrinthectomy.
A Continuous-time Sigma-delta Modulator with Clock Jitter Tolerant Self-resetting Return-to-zero Feedback DAC (2018)

The tolerance of a continuous-time (CT) sigma-delta modulator (SDM) to the sampling clock jitter can be greatly improved by a self-resetting return-to-zero (SR-RZ) feedback digital-to-analog converter (DAC). The pulse width of the SR-RZ DAC output is adaptively determined so the desired amount of charge to be delivered to the loop filter regardless of the sampling clock jitter. Implemented in a 65-nm CMOS process, a third-order 20-kHz bandwidth (BW) CT-SDM with the proposed SR-RZ DAC has 87.4-dB peak signal-to-noise+distortion ratio (SNDR). The CT-SDM shows no performance degradation even with up to 5-% unit interval (UI) root-mean-square (RMS) clock jitter.
Identification of the in vivo and in vitro phosphorylation sites of rat liver fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase. (1984)

Rat liver fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase appears to be unique in that it extends 24-26 residues beyond the COOH-terminal amino acid of other mammalian fructose 1,6-bisphosphatases and this extension contains phosphorylation sites. Using as a frame of reference the 335-residue sequence of pig kidney fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (Marcus, F., Edelstein, I., Reardon, I., and Heinrikson, R. L. (1982) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 79, 7161-7165), the rat liver enzyme would extend to residue 361. Limited proteolysis in the COOH-terminal region of the molecule with chymotrypsin, trypsin, or both sequentially, led us to establish that the phosphorylation sites are located at Ser residues 341 and 356. The in vitro phosphorylation of purified rat liver fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase by the catalytic subunit of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase results in modification at both residues, although the major site of phosphorylation (61%) is at Ser-341. In contrast, rat liver fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase purified from animals that had been injected with [32P] phosphate contains most of the label (81%) at Ser-356.
Homogeneity Improvements in the Dielectric Characteristics of HfSiON Films by Nitridation (2007)

The correlation between conduction and lifetime in HfSiON films has been characterized with reference to the inhomogeneous distribution of defects. The electrical effects that are induced by the nitrogen have been also investigated. The temperature dependence of the leakage current revealed that the inclusion of nitrogen atoms transformed the defect levels, leading to a reduction in leakage current and improved breakdown lifetime. Moreover, it was also found that nitridation leads to a suppression of the dispersion of defects. The characteristics of oxygen vacancies were demonstrated in terms of nitridation effects.
Left ventricular myocardial performance index for assessment of acute periprocedural outcomes in coronary artery disease patients after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (2014)

To investigate prospectively the improvement of myocardial performance index (MPI) in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), to assess prognostic value of MPI in predicting acute periprocedural adverse events and to analyze influence of other correlating factors on MPI and its post PCI improvement. After patient selection, detailed clinical history was taken and risk factors (diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), smoking, obesity) were noted. Body mass index was measured. Baseline ST segment deviation in 12 lead electrocardiogram (ECG) on the day of PCI was calculated. MPI, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), wall motion score index (WMSI) were measured serially one day before PCI and one day after successful PCI. A total of 101 patients with CAD were included in the study. Age, sex, diabetic status, presence of HTN and degree of ST segment deviation did not affect the baseline MPI but New York heart association (NYHA) class III (p = 0.04), WMSI (p = 0.002), LVEF (p < 0.05), degree of stenosis (p = 0.05) and diastolic dysfunction Grade III (p < 0.001) had significant influence on MPI. A significant positive correlation was observed between baseline MPI and WMSI (standardized β coefficient 0.3, p = 0.002). Significant negative correlation was found between baseline MPI and ejection fraction of left anterior descending artery (LAD) group (standardized β coefficient = 0.47, p < 0.05). On Cox univariate regression analysis, we identified baseline WMSI (p = 0.01) and presence of American College of Cardiology Class (ACC)-C lesions (p = 0.02) as independent predictors of adverse outcome after PCI. Neither baseline MPI (p = 0.29) nor post PCI MPI (p = 0.79) was independently related to adverse outcomes in this study model. In current era of stenting, neither baseline nor post PCI MPI can predict acute periprocedural adverse events. WMSI and complex lesion morphology are good predictors of acute periprocedural adverse outcomes.
Short-term inhibition of TERT induces telomere length-independent cell cycle arrest and apoptotic response in EBV-immortalized and transformed B cells (2016)

Besides its canonical role in stabilizing telomeres, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) may promote tumorigenesis through extra-telomeric functions. The possible therapeutic effects of BIBR1532 (BIBR), a powerful TERT inhibitor, have been evaluated in different cellular backgrounds, but no data are currently available regarding Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-driven B-cell malignancies. Our aim was to characterize the biological effects of TERT inhibition by BIBR on EBV-immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) and fully transformed Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) cell lines. We found that BIBR selectively inhibits telomerase activity in TERT-positive 4134/Late and 4134/TERT+ LCLs and EBV-negative BL41 and EBV-positive BL41/B95.8 BL cell lines. TERT inhibition led to decreased cell proliferation, accumulation of cells in the S-phase and ultimately to increased apoptosis, compared with mock-treated control cells. All these effects occurred within 72 h and were not observed in BIBR-treated TERT-negative 4134/TERT- and U2OS cells. The cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, consequent upon short-term TERT inhibition, were associated with and likely dependent on the activation of the DNA damage response (DDR), highlighted by the increased levels of γH2AX and activation of ATM and ATR pathways. Analyses of the mean and range of telomere lengths and telomere dysfunction-induced foci indicated that DDR after short-term TERT inhibition was not related to telomere dysfunction, thus suggesting that TERT, besides stabilizing telomere, may protect DNA via telomere-independent mechanisms. Notably, TERT-positive LCLs treated with BIBR in combination with fludarabine or cyclophosphamide showed a significant increase in the number of apoptotic cells with respect to those treated with chemotherapeutic agents alone. In conclusion, TERT inhibition impairs cell cycle progression and enhances the pro-apoptotic effects of chemotherapeutic agents in TERT-positive cells. These results support new therapeutic applications of TERT inhibitors in EBV-driven B-cell malignancies.
Composite state control and magnetic properties of Co and Si cluster assemblies prepared with double-glow-discharge sources (2006)

Using a double-glow-discharge-cluster-source system, in which one glow discharge was a dc mode and the other an rf discharge mode, Co and Si clusters were independently produced and simultaneously deposited on a substrate. When a separation plate was inserted between two glow-discharge chambers, a mixture of Co and Si clusters was obtained: small Co clusters were distributed at random, while the Si clusters were aggregated to form large secondary particles. Without inserting the separation plate, on the other hand, core-shell clusters were obtained: a Co core was surrounded by small Si crystallites. The magnetization measurement indicated that the magnetic coercive force of Co∕Si core-shell cluster assemblies was much smaller than that of Co cluster assemblies in which Co clusters were covered with antiferromagnetic CoO shells, indicating that the Si shell prevented Co cluster surfaces from their oxidation. Therefore, the present double-cluster-source system is useful in fabricating various sorts of cluster composites, which cannot be prepared by conventional coevaporation or precipitation methods.
Targeted RGD nanoparticles for highly sensitive in vivo integrin receptor imaging (2012)

A new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast bearing RGD peptide is reported. In this study, ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles with various sizes were prepared. Particles sizes between 6 and 13 nm were tuned by varying the stirring rate. Remarkable negative contrast was observed because USPIO nanoparticles (13.1 ± 2.1 nm) generated high transversal relaxivity r₂ (188 ± 3 m m(-1) s(-1) ) and saturation magnetization (94 emu g(-1) Fe). The USPIO nanoparticles were coated with PDA [2-(pyridyldithio)-ethylamine; PDA nanoparticles] containing functional polymer, which can be readily synthesized by Michael addition. The PDA nanoparticles were conjugated with RGD peptide (RGD nanoparticles) for targeting the specific site. The target specificity and high relaxivity allowed RGD nanoparticles to differentiate the expression level of integrin receptor on several cell lines and tumors (MCF-7, A-549, HT-29 and HT-1080) by in vitro and in vivo MR imaging. Importantly, a remarkable negative contrast (-51.3 ± 6.7%) was observed for in vivo MR imaging of MCF-7 tumor. This result implies that the RGD nanoparticles that greatly enhance the MR imaging are highly sensitive for early stage tumor detection.
Web search basics (2008)

Class-tested and coherent, this textbook teaches classical and web information retrieval, including web search and the related areas of text classification and text clustering from basic concepts. It gives an up-to-date treatment of all aspects of the design and implementation of systems for gathering, indexing, and searching documents; methods for evaluating systems; and an introduction to the use of machine learning methods on text collections. All the important ideas are explained using examples and figures, making it perfect for introductory courses in information retrieval for advanced undergraduates and graduate students in computer science. Based on feedback from extensive classroom experience, the book has been carefully structured in order to make teaching more natural and effective. Slides and additional exercises (with solutions for lecturers) are also available through the book's supporting website to help course instructors prepare their lectures.
<title>Contrast resolution study of CdZnTe detectors for medical imaging</title> (1997)

The detected signal and noise contributions were measured and related to the radiation exposure and tube current tube setting. Furthermore, the detector contrast has been experimentally determined. The experimental results indicate that Cd<SUB>1-x</SUB>Zn<SUB>x</SUB>Te detectors have high detector contrast resolution. Therefore, they appear to be very attractive for x-ray digital imaging applications.
ChemInform Abstract: How Reactivity of Solid Changes When Particle Size Decreases to Nanometer Regime? (2011)

Abstract Review: 46 refs.
On the Tracking of Dynamical Optimal Meeting Points (2018)

Finding optimal meeting points on road networks is becoming more and more relevant with the growth of ride-sharing services. Optimal meeting points serve as locations where multiple vehicles can drop their passengers, which will then be pooled in one single (high capacity) vehicle to reach their common final destination. Finding good meeting points is then key in ensuring low travel times to the chosen location and therefore high quality of service. Optimal meeting points are hardy stationary, since variations on traffic conditions, road events, or drivers predispositions to go slower/faster than predicted could shift optimality from one location to another one continuously in time. In this paper, we propose online algorithms to find and track optimal meeting points in such dynamic scenarios, as well as a system architecture to enable extensive simulations for any selected network of interest. Our algorithms are an extension of existing static algorithms. First we integrate realistic considerations such as the finite number of drop-off locations and the proximity radius constant to avoid constant rerouting of vehicles. Second we adapt those algorithms to the dynamic case, which requires to address the trade-off between computational time and optimality. With the aid of extensive numerical simulations, we illustrate and discuss the effectiveness of each algorithm under different scenarios: static networks, dynamic congested networks and dynamic congested network subject to dynamic events.
How to treat patients with ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction and multi-vessel disease? (2010)

Over 50% of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients suffer multi-vessel coronary artery disease, which is known to be associated with worse prognosis. Treatment strategies used in clinical practice vary from acute multi-vessel percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), through staged PCI procedures to a conservative approach with primary PCI of only the infarct-related artery (IRA) and subsequent medical therapy unless recurrent ischaemia occurs. Each approach has advantages and disadvantages. This review paper summarizes the international experience and authors' opinion on this clinically important question. Multi-vessel disease in STEMI is not a single entity and thus the treatment approach should be individualized. However, the following general rules can be proposed till future large randomized trials prove otherwise: (i) Single-vessel acute PCI should be the default strategy (to treat only the IRA during the acute phase of STEMI). (ii) Acute multi-vessel PCI can be justified only in exceptional patients with multiple critical (>90%) and potentially unstable lesions. (iii) Significant lesions of the non-infarct arteries should be treated either medically or by staged revascularization procedures-both options are currently acceptable.
Recent developments on processing and properties of V&lt;inf&gt;3&lt;/inf&gt;Ga composite wires (1981)

The addition of small amounts of third elements to V-Ga alloy rods have resulted in improvements in ductility. Cerium, yttrium, and titanium additions have been studied. Cerium (0.2atomic%)and yttrium (0.2 atomic%) additions reduced the microhardness from 180 to 160 KG/mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Lower mlcrohardnesses in alloy rods facilitates the metallurgical processing to small filament diameters used in multifilamentacy V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> Ga wire. The effects of these alloy additions on V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> Ga wire formed by the modified bronze technique are presented. Progress is reported on the development of high critical current density V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> Ga wires using the V-Ga/Cu-Ga modified bronze process.
Trial watch: Dendritic cell-based anticancer therapy (2014)

The use of patient-derived dendritic cells (DCs) as a means to elicit therapeutically relevant immune responses in cancer patients has been extensively investigated throughout the past decade. In this context, DCs are generally expanded, exposed to autologous tumor cell lysates or loaded with specific tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), and then reintroduced into patients, often in combination with one or more immunostimulatory agents. As an alternative, TAAs are targeted to DCs <i>in vivo</i> by means of monoclonal antibodies, carbohydrate moieties or viral vectors specific for DC receptors. All these approaches have been shown to (re)activate tumor-specific immune responses in mice, often mediating robust therapeutic effects. In 2010, the first DC-based preparation (sipuleucel-T, also known as Provenge®) has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in humans. Reflecting the central position occupied by DCs in the regulation of immunological tolerance and adaptive immunity, the interest in harnessing them for the development of novel immunotherapeutic anticancer regimens remains high. Here, we summarize recent advances in the preclinical and clinical development of DC-based anticancer therapeutics.
Comprehensive miRNA Expression Analysis in Peripheral Blood Can Diagnose Liver Disease (2012)

We demonstrated that miRNA expression pattern in exosome rich fractionated serum shows a high potential as a biomarker for diagnosing the grade and stage of liver diseases.
Pulse Transit Time-Pulse Wave Analysis Fusion Based on Wearable Wrist Ballistocardiogram for Cuff-Less Blood Pressure Trend Tracking (2020)

The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of pulse transit time (PTT)-pulse wave analysis (PWA) fusion in cuff-less blood pressure (BP) trend tracking based on the wearable wrist ballistocardiogram (BCG). We constructed PTT and 36 candidate BCG PWA features based on the BCG and photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals acquired at the wrist. We performed a model-based analysis to select 6 candidate BCG PWA features most sensitive to BP. We aggregated the 6 BCG PWA features into novel predictors of diastolic, systolic, and pulse BP (DP, SP, and PP) orthogonal to PTT by covariance-maximizing dimensionality reduction. Then, we evaluated and compared the efficacy of BCG PTT and BCG PTT-PWA fusion in tracking the trend of DP, SP, and PP. Unique innovations of this study, generalizable to a range of physiological signals beyond the BCG, are (i) the systematic selection of PWA features based on model-based analysis and (ii) the development of PWA-based BP predictors orthogonal to PTT. Using the experimental wrist BCG and PPG signals collected from 23 human subjects, we demonstrated that (i) BCG PTT-PWA fusion may significantly outperform BCG PTT; (ii) PTT may play the primary role in tracking BP while BCG PWA features may still have an independent and complementary value (especially in tracking PP); and (iii) model-based selection of BCG PWA features can enhance the robustness of BP trend tracking based on BCG PTT-PWA fusion.
MICRODROPLET OPTICAL CAVITY SENSORS (2011)

We describe the use of microdroplet optical cavities as sensors. By monitoring resonances of these cavities, we demonstrate precise characterization of the size of drops generated by a microfluidic flow-focusing nozzle (FFN), and the detection of nanoparticles inside the drops. This method should be useful for microfluidic droplet applications.
MDI 301, a nonirritating retinoid, improves abrasion wound healing in damaged/atrophic skin (2008)

MDI 301 is a picolinic acid-substituted ester of 9-cis retinoic acid. It has been shown in the past that MDI 301 increases epidermal thickness, decreases matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, and increases procollagen synthesis in organ-cultured human skin. Unlike all-trans retinoic acid (RA), MDI 301 does not induce expression of proinflammatory cytokines or induce expression of leukocyte adhesion molecules in human skin. In the present study we examined topical MDI 301 treatment for ability to improve the structure and function of skin in three models of skin damage in rodents and for ability to improve abrasion wound healing in these models. MDI 301 was applied daily to the skin of rats treated with the potent corticosteroid, clobetasol propionate, to the skin of diabetic rats (8 weeks posttreatment with streptozotocin) and to the skin of aged (14-16-month-old) rats. In all three models, subsequently induced abrasion wounds healed more rapidly in the retinoid-treated animals than in vehicle-treated controls. Immediately after complete wound closure, tissue from the wound site (as well as from a control site) was put into organ culture and maintained for 3 days. At the end of the incubation period, culture fluids were assessed for soluble type I collagen and for MMPs-2 and -9. In all three models, the level of type I collagen was increased and MMP levels were decreased by MDI 301. In all three models, skin irritation during the retinoid-treatment phase was virtually nonexistent.
Determination of flow-regime boundaries for cohesive particles (1989)

The purpose of this work is to develop a hydrodynamic model capable of predicting the choking/non-choking flow regime boundary for cohesive solids. There are six tasks in this study: (1) preparation of a project work plan, (2) hydrodynamic model development, (3) determination of solid rheological properties for incorporation into the hydrodynamic model, (4) small-scale flow tests, (5) large-scale flow tests, and (6) comparison of model with data and preparation final report. This quarter the hydrodynamic model was tested (Task 2) against the literature results of Bader, Findlay, and Knowlton (1988). In Task 3, the commercial Hosokawa cohetester was received. Initial testing was conducted to determine the interparticle forces (cohesive forces) of oil shale with an average particle size of 5 microns. 35 refs., 14 figs., 4 tabs.
C-C Motif Ligand 20 (CCL20) and C-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 6 (CCR6) in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: Dysregulated in Ulcerative Colitis and a Potential Role for CCL20 in IL-1β Release (2018)

The chemokine C-C motif ligand 20 (CCL20) is increased in the colonic mucosa during active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and can be found both in the epithelium and immune cells in the lamina propria. The present study investigated CCL20 and C-C motif Chemokine Receptor 6 (CCR6) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) (<i>n</i> = 40) from IBD patients and healthy controls, to identify inductors of CCL20 release encountered in a local proinflammatory environment. CCL20 release from PBMCs was increased when activating TLR2/1 or NOD2, suggesting that CCL20 is part of a first line response to danger-associated molecular patterns also in immune cells. Overall, ulcerative colitis (UC) had a significantly stronger CCL20 release than Crohn's disease (CD) (+242%, <i>p</i> < 0.01), indicating that the CCL20-CCR6 axis may be more involved in UC. The CCL20 receptor CCR6 is essential for the chemotactic function of CCL20. UC with active inflammation had significantly decreased <i>CCR6</i> expression and a reduction in CCR6⁺ cells in circulation, indicating chemoattraction of CCR6⁺ cells from circulation towards peripheral tissues. We further examined CCL20 induced release of cytokines from PBMCs. Stimulation with CCL20 combined with TNF increased IL-1β release from PBMCs. By attracting additional immune cells, as well as inducing proinflammatory IL-1β release from immune cells, CCL20 may protract the inflammatory response in ulcerative colitis.
Diffractive polarizing-beam-splitter based on surface plasmon resonance (2000)

Diffracive optical polarizing-beam-splitter by using surface plasmon resonance is proposed. Interaction between surface plasmon and diffractive grating structure is calculated by use of rigorous coupled wave theory. The optimum thickness of diffractive grating for very high extinction ratios of polarization are obtained above 30dB.