gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Oral Treatment with Nicorandil Prevents the Progression of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Preserves Viability (2005)

Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and myocardial infarction play important roles in the progressive LV dysfunction. We hypothesized that the potassium-channel opener and nitrate-like vasodilator nicorandil prevents the development of LV hypertrophy and preserves myocardial viability. Twenty-four rats were subjected to aortic stenosis for 8 weeks to produce LV hypertrophy and assigned to non-treated and nicorandil-treated (3 mg/kg/d) groups. A third group (n = 12) without stenosis or treatment served as control. All 36 animals were subjected to reperfused infarction by 25-minute occlusion of the left coronary artery followed by 3 hours of reperfusion. Spin-echo magnetic resonance (MR) images were acquired to measure infarction size, LV mass, volumes, ejection fraction, and wall thickness. A necrosis-specific contrast agent, Gadophrin-3, was used to delineate necrotic myocardium. Aortic and LV pressures were measured invasively. At postmortem, LV mass and infarction size were determined and compared with MR findings. Nicorandil prevented the development of LV hypertrophy. Infarction size of nicorandil-treated animals was similar to control animals. Non-treated animals with aortic banding had higher LV mass (P < 0.001), lower ejection fraction (P = 0.006), and larger infarction size (P < 0.001) than treated and control animals. MR and postmortem data showed close agreement. Nicorandil therapy prevented the development of cardiac hypertrophy and protected myocardium against ischemia.
Catechol-Functionalized Polysiloxane Nanocoating for Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering on a Grating Surface (2018)

We demonstrate nanocoating on a corrugated surface with cyclosiloxane-based polymer. We assembled a catechol-functionalized polysiloxane nanofilm (ca. 37 nm) uniformly by dip coating on a one-dimensional grating surface that has a dimension of 500 nm pitch and 30 nm depth. Atomic force microscopy measurements revealed that the surface maintained its original shape even after assembling. Silver nanoparticles were also immobilized uniformly on the surface. The surface showed a remarkable surface enhanced Raman scattering signal, when the light polarization was set parallel to the grating vector (p-polarized light). The result indicates that silver nanoparticle arrays serve as a silver layer that enables incident light to couple with propagating surface plasmon excitation.
Liquid metals for active terahertz waveguides (2017)

We demonstrate an active tunable filter with channel add-drop functionality by employing electronically reconfigurable liquid metals in the gap between two waveguides to dynamically modify the coupling.
Evidence for attenuation of myo-inositol uptake, phosphoinositide turnover and inositol phosphate production in aortic vasculature of rats during pregnancy. (1991)

We postulated that vascular phosphoinositide metabolism is attenuated during pregnancy, and thereby could contribute to maternal vasodilation and reduced vascular reactivity. The basal rate of incorporation of [3H]myo-inositol and [3H]glycerol into phosphoinositides of aortae from pregnant rats in vitro was significantly reduced, when compared with vessels from virgin animals. After injection of [3H]myo-inositol intravenously into chronically instrumented conscious pregnant and virgin rats, the incorporation of the label by phosphatidylinositol was 66 +/- 4% less in aortae of gravid versus virgin animals (P less than 0.001), despite comparable plasma concentrations of radioactivity. Fold stimulation of total [3H]inositol phosphates by arginine vasopressin, norepinephrine, and angiotensin II over a 15-min period was not different between aortic segments from virgin and gravid rats, although both absolute basal and stimulated levels were significantly less in vessels from pregnant animals. After 45 s of incubation with 10(-7) M arginine vasopressin, however, the fold-stimulation of [3H]inositol trisplus tetrakisphosphate was reduced in aortae from gravid rats, when compared with vessels from virgin animals (P less than 0.005). By HPLC, greater than 90% of the radioactivity in the [3H]inositol trisplus tetrakisphosphate column fraction after 30 and 60 s of agonist stimulation was [3H]inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate. We further observed that the rate of uptake of [3H]myo-inositol by aortic vasculature obtained from gravid rats was significantly (24%) less than uptake by vessels from virgin animals. Plasma myo-inositol concentrations were not significantly different, but presumably as a consequence of reduced uptake, aortic segments freshly isolated from pregnant rats contained 22 +/- 6% less myo-inositol than vessels from virgin controls as measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (P less than 0.03). We conclude that myo-inositol uptake and content, phosphoinositide turnover, and inositol phosphate production are reduced in aortic vasculature of gravid rats.
A low-noise CMOS frequency synthesizer with an ultra-short settling time (2016)

In this work, a novel self-injection-locked (SIL) loop is incorporated into a CMOS frequency synthesizer for fast frequency switching. The proposed SIL loop is based on an injection-locked oscillator (ILO) which behaves as an active delay unit to suppress the excess phase noise produced owing to the large phase-locked loop (PLL) bandwidth. Consequently, the synthesizer with the ILO-based SIL loop can achieve an ultrashort settling time of 2.3 μs and simultaneously a low phase noise of -123 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset frequency.
ChemInform Abstract: HYDROBORATION. 62. MONOISOPINOCAMPHEYLBORANE; AN EXCELLENT CHIRAL HYDROBORATING AGENT FOR TRANS‐DISUBSTITUTED AND TRISUBSTITUTED ALKENES. EVIDENCE FOR A STRONG STERIC DEPENDENCE IN SUCH ASYMMETRIC HYDROBORATIONS (1983)

Abstract Das aus dem Komplex (I) erhältliche Monoisopinocampheylboran (II) führt bei der Hydroborie‐ rung von trans‐disubstituierten Alkenen wie (III) und trisubstituierten Alkenen wie (V) und (VII) nach anschließender Oxidation mit hohen optischen Ausbeuten zu den entsprechenden Alkoholen.
Energy Efficient Maximization of User Association Employing IRS in mmWave Multi-Tier 6G Networks (2022)

Prospective mobile networks will be heterogeneous multi-tier networks, with different classes of base stations (BS) installed dependent on user demand. Multi-tier networks enable operators to enhance system capacity and coverage through flexible implementations. Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) or reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) is a novel and disruptive technology that comprises a vast number of cost-efficient passive components, each of which can intelligently reflect the incident wave or signal with a reconfigurable phase shift. The objective of this work is to maximize the probability of user association for millimeter-wave (mmWave) carriers in a two-tier 6G network consisting of micro and macro cell tiers. Therefore, the work analyzed and compared the probability of user association for conventional and IRS-assisted micro base stations. The research derived that, the deployment of IRS in a micro cell significantly enhances or maximizes the probability of user association of the entire coverage region including the cell edge. Moreover, the deployment of IRS reduces the transmit power consumption of the micro base station which assures a notable energy efficiency.
Delivery of small interfering RNA for inhibition of endothelial cell apoptosis by hypoxia and serum deprivation (2020)

RNA interference (RNAi) for anti-angiogenic or pro-apoptotic factors in endothelial cells (ECs) has great potential for the treatment of ischemic diseases by promoting angiogenesis or inhibiting apoptosis. Here, we report the utility of small interfering RNA (siRNA) in inhibiting EC apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). siRNA was designed and synthesized targeting tumor necrosis factor-α receptor-1 (TNFR-1) and Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-1 (SHP-1). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured under in vitro hypoxic and serum-deprived conditions to simulate in vivo ischemic conditions. Two days after liposomal delivery of siRNA targeting TNFR-1 and SHP-1, significant silencing of each target (TNFR-1; 76.5 % and SHP-1; 97.2 %) was detected. Under serum-deprived hypoxic (1% oxygen) conditions, TNF-α expression in HUVECs increased relative to normoxic (20% oxygen) and serum-containing conditions. Despite enhanced TNF-α expression, suppression of TNFR-1 or SHP-1 by siRNA delivery not only enhanced expression of angiogenic factors (KDR/Flk-1 and eNOS) and anti-apoptotic factor (Bcl-xL) but also reduced expression of a pro-apoptotic factor (Bax). Transfection of TNFR-1 or SHP-1 siRNA significantly decreased the HUVEC apoptosis while significantly enhancing HUVEC proliferation and capillary formation. The present study demonstrates that TNFR-1 and SHP-1 may be useful targets for the treatment of myocardial or hindlimb ischemia.
Facilitated transport of molecular oxygen in the membranes of polymer-coordinated cobalt Schiff base complexes (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFacilitated transport of molecular oxygen in the membranes of polymer-coordinated cobalt Schiff base complexesEishun Tsuchida, Hiroyuki Nishide, Manshi Ohyanagi, and Hiroyoshi KawakamiCite this: Macromolecules 1987, 20, 8, 1907–1912Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00174a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00174a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views277Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Rise of the Digital RFIC Era: An Overview of Past and Present Digital RFIC Advancements (2022)

It has been a mere 130 years since the first widely known wireless telegraphy apparatus was demonstrated by Guglielmo Marconi, transmitting radio signals to a distance of about 2.4 km. In today’s world, as illustrated by <xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig1" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Figure 1</xref> , we are using a plethora of radios for an ever-increasing number of different applications. In fact, observing the data rate of wireless standards published by bodies like the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) and the Wi-Fi alliance <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">[1]</xref> , <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref2" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">[2]</xref> , shown in <xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig1" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Figure 1</xref> , it can be readily seen that they increase by an order of magnitude every five years.
Supplementary Data from Identification of a Novel Tumor-Associated Antigen, Cadherin 3/P-Cadherin, as a Possible Target for Immunotherapy of Pancreatic, Gastric, and Colorectal Cancers (2023)

Supplementary Data from Identification of a Novel Tumor-Associated Antigen, Cadherin 3/P-Cadherin, as a Possible Target for Immunotherapy of Pancreatic, Gastric, and Colorectal Cancers
Top-of-Line Corrosion Control in Large Diameter Wet Gas Pipelines (2009)

Large diameter subsea pipelines are being used across the world for wet gas transportation over significant distances from&lt;br&gt;offshore fields to onshore facilities. The ability to predict and control corrosion is necessary to ensure long term integrity of&lt;br&gt;these pipelines. Large diameter wet gas lines operating in stratified flow pose unique challenges for top of the line corrosion&lt;br&gt;which occurs when corrosive gases are found dissolved in condensed water at the top of the pipe. This paper will discuss a&lt;br&gt;study undertaken by ExxonMobil and RasGas to establish a mechanistic understanding of sour top of the line corrosion and&lt;br&gt;the operational guidelines developed to control its occurrence.
Dynamic Mobility via Cellular Decompositions of Coordination Spaces (2012)

Abstract : To accomplish feats of rapid, nimble locomotion, the ground mobile robots of tomorrow must exhibit great dexterity and dynamic mobility. As their complexity increases, however, the need for principled approaches to coordinating a robot's actuators becomes apparent. We have begun to pursue a new formalism for solving such problems, making use of Algebraic Topology and classical group theory to replace traditional methods of combinatorial search and optimization with a computationally easier and conceptually more straightforward approach that identifies and exploits symmetries in a system. In our approach, we decompose a system into cells that index symmetric configurations. For a multilegged robot negotiating its way through a rubble-strewn terrain, the robot must choose between a number of alternative ways to move its legs. We reduce this problem to changes on a much simpler space of gait timing, using a cell complex to identify all possible gaits, discretizing the space while also providing a roadmap for gait transitions. By studying these representations---and the cellular decompositions that arise---we develop novel approaches to the fundamental control problems necessary for achieving robotic mobility.
S0783 Markedly Elevated 7-α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (C4) Is Associated With Fat Malabsorption in the Setting of Short Bowel Syndrome (2020)

INTRODUCTION: Surgical resection of the terminal ileum in the setting of Crohn’s disease (CD) results in bile acid malabsorption and bile acid diarrhea (BAD), and is associated with a compensatory increase in the production of bile acid precursors. One such precursor, 7-α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (C4), can be measured in the serum. Increased C4 concentrations (>48.3 ng/mL) are associated with BAD. However, further surgical resection (generally > 100 cm of ileum) leads to near-complete depletion of bile acids, and fat malabsorption (steatorrhea). This clinical presentation of extensive ileal resection, near-complete depletion of bile acids, and steatorrhea, is called short bowel syndrome (SBS). We hypothesize that the near-complete depletion of bile acids, with steatorrhea (defined as a 72-hour fecal fat >15 g/24 hours) and SBS may be associated with markedly elevated C4 concentrations, that can be distinguished from BAD. METHODS: We included patients who were seen at a single tertiary care center with C4 measured by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (Prometheus Biosciences) and 72-hour fecal fat (Quest diagnostics). Patients on bile acid sequestrants were excluded. We compared the median C4 values between patients with steatorrhea and SBS versus those without, using Mann Whitney. RESULTS: A total of 21 patient, 16 with CD, were included in this analysis. The mean age was 49.5 ± 14.7. Median number of small bowel resections was 3, and 42.9% of patients were on total parental nutrition (Table 1). The median C4 in patients with fecal fat <15 g was 124 ng/mL (n = 12) as compared to 274 ng/mL in those with >15 g fecal fat (n = 9), P-value 0.12. A lower C4 cutoff of 123 ng/mL with 78% sensitivity and 50% specificity would be a potential screening test; whereas a higher C4 cutoff of 274 ng/mL which has 56% sensitivity and 83% specificity would be highly suggestive of steatorrhea and SBS (Tables 2 and 3). CONCLUSION: We observed markedly elevated C4 concentrations in patients with steatorrhea and SBS. We propose a potential algorithm where C4 < 48.3 ng/mL is normal, C4 from 48.4-123 ng/mL is confirmed BAD, C4 from 124- 273.9 is indeterminate for BAD vs SBS (and requires fecal fat confirmation), and C4 > 274 ng/mL is confirmed steatorrhea and SBS. Serum C4 is a convenient test to objectively diagnose both BAD, and steatorrhea with SBS, and would obviate fecal fat testing in most patients. Larger studies are needed to confirm and validate these preliminary findings.Table 1.: Baseline CharacteristicsTable 2.: Sensitivity and Specificity Table for C4Table 3.: ROC Curve for C4
Clustered-Dot Ordered Dither (1987)

This chapter contains sections titled: The Classical Screen, Rectangular Grids, Hexagonal Grids
Study of coherent $J/\psi$ production in lead-lead collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 5 TeV$ (2022)

Coherent production of $J/\psi$ mesons is studied in ultraperipheral lead-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 5 TeV, using a data sample collected by the LHCb experiment corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about $10 \mu b^{-1}$. The $J/\psi$ mesons are reconstructed in the dimuon final state and are required to have transverse momentum below 1 GeV. The cross-section within the rapidity range of $2.0 < y < 4.5$ is measured to be $4.45\pm0.24\pm0.18\pm0.58$ mb, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third originates from the luminosity determination. The cross-section is also measured in $J/\psi$ rapidity intervals. The results are compared to predictions from phenomenological models.
Increasing the Range of Wireless Power Transmission to Stretchable Electronics (2018)

Wireless power transmission is of paramount importance in stretchable electronics due to the challenges of fabricating effective electrical contacts between stretchable systems and the outside world. Poor stretchable inductor performance has been a major factor limiting the range of power transfer to stretchable systems. Here, through the development of stretchable inductors with the highest quality factors on record (as high as 174, more than double the highest previously demonstrated), we are able to increase the range of effective power transfer to stretchable electronics. Our stretchable inductors were fabricated using liquid-metal-filled channels in a soft silicone and can withstand strains up to 100%. Using this approach combined with magnetic resonance techniques, we show systems able to transfer power effectively at distances of one and two coil diameters, significantly beyond the half-coil diameter distance that was the previous state of the art. Using optimized designs, we demonstrate the efficiency of 64% at one coil diameter (40 mm) and a second system with the efficiency of 15.5% at two coil diameters (84 mm).
MPS 11-03 Mitochondrial dysfunction - role in hypertrophic cardiomyocyte (2016)

Objective: Heart disease associated with cardiac hypertrophy is one of the leading health issues worldwide and pathological cardiac hypertrophy is associated with impaired mitochondria leading to myocyte dysfunction. The current study was undertaken to dissect out mitochondrial signaling mechanism in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes. Design and Method: To induce cardiac hypertrophy in vitro, h9c2 (2-1) cardiomyocytes were treated with phenylephrine (PE) for 24 h in the absence or presence of PPAR alpha agonist, fenofibrate. Cellular hypertrophy, expression of the fatty acid β-oxidation and mitochondrial genes, mitochondrial trans-membrane potential (Δψm), dynamicity, activity, mitobiogenesis, production of cellular and mitochondrial calcium level and reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial activity, biogenesis, cell death were examined. Results: Cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling of the mitochondria were prevented by PPAR alpha agonist, fenofibrate which also corrected deranged fatty acid oxidation genes in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes. Decrease in mitochondrial trans-membrane potential and dynamicity in PE-treated cardiomyocytes were also blocked by fenofibrate. Significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and calcium level in hypertrophic condition both at cellular and mitochondrial level was ameliorated by fenofibrate. Furthermore, PE induced impairment of mitochondrial activity and ATP generation were partially checked when cells were co-treated with fenofibrate. Expression of some miRNAs which were found to be putative regulators of mitochondrial marker gene, voltage dependent anion channel (VDAC), were altered in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes which were restored when the cells were co-treated with fenofibrate. Conclusions: Overall, the results demonstrate that PPAR alpha signaling is critically involved in mitochondrial dysfunction in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes in which miRNAs might play a significant role.
COVID-19 symptoms reduce with targeted hydration of the nose, larynx and trachea (2022)

Abstract Dirty air and poor access to healthcare threatens the lives of billions of people in low-income regions of the world. We investigated whether upper-airway hydration might alter two-phase flow in the airways on normal tidal breathing and be a useful, safe, easily distributed non-drug intervention for limiting risks of COVID-19. In observational human volunteer studies involving 464 human subjects in Marburg, Germany (357 normal subjects), Boston, US (20 healthy subjects), and Bangalore, India (87 subjects recently tested positive for COVID-19), we find that respiratory droplet generation increases by up to 4 orders of magnitude with up to 1% total body mass dehydration (n=20), and in dehydration-associated states of advanced age (n=357), elevated BMI-age (n=148), and SARS-CoV-2 infection (n=87). Hydration of the nose, larynx and trachea in a protocol of exercise-induced dehydration by the nasal inhalation of calcium-rich hypertonic salt droplets of mean diameter 8-12 µm diminished respiratory droplet numbers and increased oxygenation relative to a non-treatment control (P&lt;0.05). In a randomized double-blinded nasal-saline control study, thrice-a-day delivery of the calcium-rich hypertonic salts (active) over three days suppressed respiratory droplet generation by 51% +/- 11% and increased oxygen saturation by 48.08% ± 9.61% (P&lt;0.001) in COVID-19 positive subjects (n=20), while no changes in exhaled aerosol (P=0.235) or oxygen saturation (P=0.533) were observed in the nasal-saline control group (n=20). In the active group 47% of patients discharged with no self-reported symptoms while all of the subjects in the nasal saline group discharged with lingering symptoms. Hydration of the upper airways appears promising as a non-drug approach for reducing risks of lower respiratory-tract infections such as COVID-19.