gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular-Beam Studies of the Effect of Surface Temperature on the Probability of Dissociative Chemisorption (1992)

Molecular beam techniques have been employed to study the dissociative chemisorption dynamics of a number of systems with particular regard to understanding the effect of surface temperature on the probability of this process. It is now apparent that this parameter can affect the outcome of potentially reactive gas-surface encounters in a number of different ways. These include effects on the trapping probability into weakly bound states, the fraction of adsorbed molecules that proceed to dissociate, and even the probability of direct dissociative chemisorption. We illustrate these findings with reference to studies of the dissociation of N2 on W(100) (which proceeds via a precursor at low kinetic energies), of N2 on Fe(111) and O2 on Pt(111) (both of which involve dissociation via an intermediate state that is accessed only at high kinetic energies), and of CH4 on Pt(111) (where we believe that direct dissociation occurs).
Pleuromutilins: Potent Drugs for Resistant Bugs—Mode of Action and Resistance (2016)

Pleuromutilins are antibiotics that selectively inhibit bacterial translation and are semisynthetic derivatives of the naturally occurring tricyclic diterpenoid pleuromutilin, which received its name from the pleuromutilin-producing fungus Pleurotus mutilus Tiamulin and valnemulin are two established derivatives in veterinary medicine for oral and intramuscular administration. As these early pleuromutilin drugs were developed at a time when companies focused on major antibacterial classes, such as the β-lactams, and resistance was not regarded as an issue, interest in antibiotic research including pleuromutilins was limited. Over the last decade or so, there has been a resurgence in interest to develop this class for human use. This has resulted in a topical derivative, retapamulin, and additional derivatives in clinical development. The most advanced compound is lefamulin, which is in late-stage development for the intravenous and oral treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia and acute bacterial skin infections. Overall, pleuromutilins and, in particular, lefamulin are characterized by potent activity against Gram-positive and fastidious Gram-negative pathogens as well as against mycoplasmas and intracellular organisms, such as Chlamydia spp. and Legionella pneumophila Pleuromutilins are unaffected by resistance to other major antibiotic classes, such as macrolides, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, β-lactam antibiotics, and others. Furthermore, pleuromutilins display very low spontaneous mutation frequencies and slow, stepwise resistance development at sub-MIC in vitro. The potential for resistance development in clinic is predicted to be slow as confirmed by extremely low resistance rates to this class despite the use of pleuromutilins in veterinary medicine for >30 years. Although rare, resistant strains have been identified in human- and livestock-associated environments and as with any antibiotic class, require close monitoring as well as prudent use in veterinary medicine. This review focuses on the structural characteristics, mode of action, antibacterial activity, and resistance development of this potent and novel antibacterial class for systemic use in humans.
Detrimental Surface Films on Electrode Materials: Investigation and Inhibition (2007)

An investigation of the effect of various thermal stabilizing additives on thermally abused lithium-ion batteries was conducted. Vinylene Carbonate (VC) and Dimethyl Acetamide (DMAc) were found to diminish the effects of thermal abuse.
Procedure Based on External Quantum Efficiency for Reliable Characterization of Perovskite Solar Cells (2022)

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have the potential for widespread application, but challenges remain for a reliable characterization of their performance. Standardized protocols for measuring and reporting are still debated. Focusing on the short circuit current density ( J SC ), current–voltage characteristics ( J–V ) and external quantum efficiency (EQE) are collected to estimate the parameter. Still, they often provide a mismatch above 1 mA cm −2 , resulting in a possible 5% or higher error. Combining experimental data and optical simulations, it is demonstrated that the EQE can provide a reliable estimate of the J SC that could otherwise easily be overestimated by J–V . With access to the internally transmitted light through simulations, an upper limit for EQE is defined depending on the front layers. Details on the origin of the spectral shape and contributions to the optical losses are obtained with further optical simulations, providing hints for cell optimization to achieve a photocurrent gain. The authors use solution‐processed n‐i‐p PSCs with triple‐cation mixed‐halide absorbers as demonstrators and ultimately come to the proposal of an upgrade of the present best practices in PSC efficiency measurements. Still, the approach and conclusions are general and apply to cells with all designs and chemical formulations.
Structural study of Fe3O4(111) thin films with bulk like magnetic and magnetotransport behaviour (2014)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation D. Gilks, L. Lari, K. Matsuzaki, H. Hosono, T. Susaki, V. K. Lazarov; Structural study of Fe3O4(111) thin films with bulk like magnetic and magnetotransport behaviour. Journal of Applied Physics 7 May 2014; 115 (17): 17C107. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4862524 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioJournal of Applied Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
The effect of continuous deformation behaviors on texture formation in magnesium alloy (2019)

In previous study, it was investigated texture formation behavior of high temperature compression test in various AZ magnesium alloy. These authors investigated AZ31, AZ61, AZ80 and AZ91 magnesium alloy of compression test at temperature 673K to 723K, a strain rate of 5.0x10−2s−1, and a strain -0.4 to -1. It was found two characteristics of texture formation behaviour – 1) the basal texture was increase with solute concentration increasing, 2) the main texture component developed depending on deformation conditions. However, additional experiment was needed to clarify why the development of these texture occur. Therefore, this study investigated the mechanism of texture development behaviors in the AZ91 magnesium alloy with three different types initial textures during high-temperature plane strain compression deformation. This compression test conditions were temperature of 673K to 723K, and a strain rate of 5.0x10−4s−1, with up to a strain -1.0. After compression test, the specimens were immediately quenched in water. The texture measurement was conducted by the Schulz reflection method using Cu Kα radiation and EBSD. As a result, in all specimens, fiber texture was formed at located at a position 25° away from (0001) texture. In addition, changes in the main component occurred depending on the temperature and the initial texture.
Antiviral and antineoplastic activities of pyrimidine arabinosyl nucleosides and their 5'-amino derivatives (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntiviral and antineoplastic activities of pyrimidine arabinosyl nucleosides and their 5'-amino derivativesRaymond F. Schinazi, Ming S. Chen, and William H. PrusoffCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1979, 22, 10, 1273–1277Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00196a025https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00196a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views299Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthesis and validation of representative real-world driving cycles for Plug-In Hybrid vehicles (2010)

Driving cycles play an important role in analysis and design of hybrid propulsion systems. Their role is magnified in case of Plug-In Hybrids, since driving patterns have a strong impact on specific energy consumption, ability of the vehicle to provide pure electric operation, range of charge depleting operation, and finally assessments of the state-of-charge (SOC) at the beginning of charging. Certification schedules are commonly used, but in case of PHEV standard cycles are repeated many times to study the charge depleting operation. While this is useful for comparisons with results in literature, it is not representative of real-world driving. Therefore, characterizing the naturalistic driving patterns and generating representative real-world schedules is essential for PHEV design and control work, studies of technology adoption by real consumers, and assessments of the impact on the grid. This work presents analysis of naturalistic driving data collected in a Midwest region of US, followed by a procedure for synthesizing real-world driving cycles based on that data. The characteristic of the real-world cycles are captured with transition probability matrices (TPMs), and a regression analysis is applied to select significant explanatory variables for determining the most representative synthetic cycles. Validation indicates the ability to generate representative real-world driving cycles for any arbitrary driving distance by combining a stochastic process and statistical methodology.
Total Synthesis of (‐)‐Stemonine. (2003)

An enantioselective total synthesis of (−)-stemonine (&lt;b&gt;1&lt;/b&gt;) is reported via a convergent assembly of the acyclic precursor &lt;b&gt;2&lt;/b&gt;. Key transformations\ninclude a Staudinger−aza-Wittig reaction to form the central perhydroazepine ring system and an iodine-induced tandem cyclization to construct\nthe pyrrolidino-butyrolactone framework.
Spin coating and photolithography using liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide (2002)

We discuss a new dry lithographic process using only carbon dioxide (CO2) as a solvent. Novel CO2 soluble photoresists were synthesized based on random copolymers of poly(1,1-dihydroperfluorooctyl)methacrylate 2-tetrahyrdopyranyl methacrylate. Photoresist spin casting, development, and stripping were all carried out in either liquid or supercritical CO<SUB>2</SUB>. We investigate such parameters as resist sensitivity, contrast, and resolution. The contrast of these resists has been evaluated using 248 nm exposures, and promising test images have been formed.
Earthquake Investigation and Visual Cognizance of Multivariate Temporal Tabular Data Using Machine Learning (2019)

This paper presents our tool for the Vast Challenge 2019 Mini Challenge 1 (MC1). It will give an overview of the approach of data preprocessing techniques used for the given dataset and it will introduce our application which is built considering the requirements and questions to be answered for the MC1. This application consists of Machine Learning techniques and Information Visualization techniques such as Integrated Spatial Uncertainty Visualization as shown in this paper [1] to convey the needed information to the end users. To show the usefulness of this application we give examples of analysis.
Assessment of T-cell receptor repertoire and clonal expansion in peripheral T-cell lymphoma using RNA-seq data (2017)

T-cell clonality of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is routinely evaluated with a PCR-based method using genomic DNA. However, there are limitations with this approach. The purpose of this study was to determine the utility of RNA-seq for assessing T-cell clonality and T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) repertoire of the neoplastic T-cells in 108 PTCL samples. TCR transcripts, including complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) sequences, were assessed. In normal T cells, the CDR3 sequences were extremely diverse, without any clonotype representing more than 2% of the overall TCR population. Dominant clones could be identified in 65 out of 76 PTCL cases (86%) with adequate TCR transcript expression. In monoclonal cases, the dominant clone varied between 11% and 99% of TCRβ transcripts. No unique Vα or Vβ usage was observed. Small T-cell clones were often observed in T- and NK-cell tumors in a percentage higher than observed in reactive conditions. γ chain expression was very low in tumors expressing TCRαβ, but its expression level was high and clonality was detected in a TCRγδ expressing tumor. NK cell lymphoma (NKCL) did not express significant levels of TCR Vβ or Vγ genes. RNA-seq is a useful tool for detecting and characterizing clonal TCR rearrangements in PTCL.
A 2.5V Step-Down DC-DC Converter for Two-Stages Power Distribution Systems (2018)

A prototype second-stage buck DC-DC converter has been designed in 130 nm CMOS and fully characterized. This circuit provides up to 3 A at an adjustable output voltage of 0.6-1.5 V from an intermediate bus voltage of 2.5 V. Hardening-by-design techniques have been systematically used, and the prototype successfully passed TID irradiation up to 200 Mrad (SiO2) and Single Event Effects tests with a heavy ion beam. Safe integration on-board requires an optimized PCB design and bump-bonding assembly to reduce parasitic inductances along the input current path.
NF-κB inhibition reveals a novel role for HGF during skeletal muscle repair (2015)

The transcription factor nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)/p65 is the master regulator of inflammation in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Disease severity is reduced by NF-κB inhibition in the mdx mouse, a murine DMD model; however, therapeutic targeting of NF-κB remains problematic for patients because of its fundamental role in immunity. In this investigation, we found that the therapeutic effect of NF-κB blockade requires hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) production by myogenic cells. We found that deleting one allele of the NF-κB subunit p65 (p65+/-) improved the survival and enhanced the anti-inflammatory capacity of muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs) following intramuscular transplantation. Factors secreted from p65+/- MDSCs in cell cultures modulated macrophage cytokine expression in an HGF-receptor-dependent manner. Indeed, we found that following genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of basal NF-κB/p65 activity, HGF gene transcription was induced in MDSCs. We investigated the role of HGF in anti-NF-κB therapy in vivo using mdx;p65+/- mice, and found that accelerated regeneration coincided with HGF upregulation in the skeletal muscle. This anti-NF-κB-mediated dystrophic phenotype was reversed by blocking de novo HGF production by myogenic cells following disease onset. HGF silencing resulted in increased inflammation and extensive necrosis of the diaphragm muscle. Proteolytic processing of matrix-associated HGF is known to activate muscle stem cells at the earliest stages of repair, but our results indicate that the production of a second pool of HGF by myogenic cells, negatively regulated by NF-κB/p65, is crucial for inflammation resolution and the completion of repair in dystrophic skeletal muscle. Our findings warrant further investigation into the potential of HGF mimetics for the treatment of DMD.
Proactive Resilience in 1-2-1 Networks (2022)

Millimeter Wave (mmWave) (and beyond) is expected to play an increasingly important role in our wireless infrastructure by expanding the available spectrum and enabling multi-gigabit services. Despite the promising aspects of mmWave communication, mmWave links are highly sensitive to blockage. In this paper, we develop proactive transmission mechanisms that suitably distribute the traffic across multiple paths in the mmWave network, with the two-fold objective of ensuring resilience against link blockages and achieve high end-to-end packet delivery rate. We present examples of resilience-capacity trade-off curves and show that there exist network topologies for which the worst-case and average approximate capacities are achieved by activating overlapping paths. We also show that this can provide additional benefits, such as decreasing the variance of the achieved rate.
e-Management intégré de projets de recherche partenariale : démarche Qualité orientée processus (2012)

International audience
Improvement of fatigue strength of aluminum alloy by laser peening (2019)

The effects of laser peening on the fatigue strength of A2024-T3 were investigated. Plane bending fatigue tests were conducted using test specimens treated with laser peening (LP) and shot peening (SP). In addition, surface roughness and residual stress distribution were measured and fracture surface was observed to evaluate the experimental results. As a result, it became clear that the fatigue strength was improved by any peening method. Also, the fatigue strength improvement rate for LP treated specimens were higher than that for SP treated specimens. These results indicated that the depth and magnitude of compressive residual stress are important for improvement of fatigue strength.
Automated Vehicle Safety and Deployment: Lessons from Human Crashes (2022)

Traffic crashes claim more than 36,000 lives every year in the US, with economic costs amounting to $836B. Automated Vehicles (AVs) promise to usher in a future with near-zero crashes. It seems likely that widespread deployment of AVs will eliminate the large number of crashes caused by impaired, distracted or reckless drivers. However, it is unclear whether AVs will be able to avoid a significant fraction of the remaining crashes for which no driver is directly responsible. As such, deploying AVs without adequately assessing their safety capabilities might lead to an increase in crashes rather than a reduction. In this paper, we discuss how an analysis of human crashes can provide insights about the types of crashes that remain challenging for AVs and the role of connected infrastructure in addressing them. We also discuss how human crashes and driving data can be valuable in inferring safety capabilities of AVs in diverse driving contexts. Based on these observations, we provide suggestions for policies and regulations governing the deployment of AVs.
Microgravity access as a means for testing therapeutic pharmaceutics (1995)

Spaceflight results in a unique combination of physiological effects. Immune, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, renal and other physiological systems are deleteriously affected by the microgravity environment. Many of these effects are analogous to diseases that afflict people on earth; for instance, immunosuppressive disorders and osteoporosis. Chiron Corporation (Emeryville, CA) is interested in using spaceflight as a testing ground for its unique therapeutic pharmaceutics. On STS‐60 (Feb. 1994), Chiron, heading up a consortium managed by its CCDS (Center for the Commercial Development of Space) partner Bioserve Space Technologies, investigated the effects of its recombinant interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) pharmaceutic on preventing the immune system suppression induced that mimicked spaceflight (tail suspension). The recombinant, pegulated IL‐2 largely prevented the deleterious effects of spaceflight and particularly suspension on the development of macrophages and the spleen. Based on these findings, Chiron hopes to expand its original market for Il‐2 to include veterinary applications. In future missions, Chiron hopes to further explore the physiological effects of IL‐2 in preventing the spaceflight effects (STS‐63), and to use spaceflight access as a means for testing drugs which may be useful for the treatment of other diseases (e.g., M‐CSF for osteoporosis). Spaceflight access has provided Chiron with new applications and new approaches for determining the effects of their pharmaceutics.
Access-Network-Identifier Option in DHCP (2016)

This document specifies the format and mechanism that is to be used
for encoding Access-Network Identifiers in DHCPv4 and DHCPv6 messages
by defining new Access-Network-Identifier options and sub-options.
Pharmacodynamics of lazabemide, a reversible and selective inhibitor of monoamine oxidase B. (1994)

1. The inhibition of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) by lazabemide was measured in platelets collected from 35 young (19-36 years) and 40 older (60-78 years) healthy volunteers after single (100-300 mg) and multiple (100-350 mg twice daily) oral doses respectively. 2. The relationship of the effect with plasma concentrations of the MAO-B inhibitor was defined by a sigmoid Imax-model using either a parametric or semi-parametric method for predicting plasma drug concentrations. Population parameter estimates were obtained by the expectation maximization method and a standard two-stage method. 3. At the lowest dose platelet MAO-B activity was almost completely inhibited for around 20 h. No time delay between plasma drug concentration and resulting inhibition of platelet MAO-B occurred. Low concentrations of the inhibitor produced 50% of maximum inhibition (IC50, estimates for population mean +/- s.d.: 0.48 +/- 0.89 microgram l-1 for young and 1.5 +/- 2.3 micrograms l-1 for elderly subjects). The maximum extent of enzyme inhibition attributable to lazabemide (Imax) was 94 +/- 5.1% and 96 +/- 4.5% in the young and older populations. There was no correlation between age and either Imax or IC50. 4. Model parameters describing the interaction of lazabemide with the enzyme did not change over the treatment period of 7 days.
Robust Surveillance on Compressed Video: Uniform Performance from High to Low Bitrates (2009)

In this paper, we discuss methods to enable robust surveillance on compressed video. We show that if the particular surveillance algorithm that is likely to be run on the compressed video is known a priori, then steps can be taken during the encoding process to facilitate the performance of the algorithm. We show that by performing signal processing on the input video signal before it is encoded, or by adaptively changing the parameters of the encoding process, we can make the resulting signal more robust to degradations in the encoding process. The result is better and more consistent tracking on the compressed video from high to low bitrates, but with some loss in PSNR. We demonstrate the validity of this approach for mean shift tracking running on MPEG-4 coded video.