gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surface imaging microscopy, an automated method for visualizing whole embryo samples in three dimensions at high resolution (2002)

Modern biology is faced with the challenge of understanding the specification, generation, and maintenance of structures ranging from cells and tissues to organs and organisms. By acquiring images directly from the block face of an embedded sample, surface imaging microscopy (SIM) generates high-resolution volumetric images of biological specimens across all of these scales. Surface imaging microscopy expands our range of imaging tools by generating three-dimensional reconstructions of embryo samples at high resolution and high contrast. SIM image quality is not limited by depth or the optical properties of overlying tissue, and intrinsic or extrinsic alignment markers are not required for volume reconstruction. These volumes are highly isotropic, enabling them to be virtually sectioned in any direction without loss of image quality. Surface imaging microscopy provided a more accurate three-dimensional representation of a chick embryo than confocal microscopy of the same sample. SIM offers excellent imaging of embryos from three major vertebrate systems in developmental biology: mouse, chicken, and frog. Immediate applications of this technology are in visualizing and understanding complex morphogenetic events and in making detailed comparisons between normal and genetically modified embryos.
Relation-aware Graph Attention Model with Adaptive Self-adversarial Training (2021)

This paper describes an end-to-end solution for the relationship prediction task in heterogeneous, multi-relational graphs. We particularly address two building blocks in the pipeline, namely heterogeneous graph representation learning and negative sampling. Existing message passing-based graph neural networks use edges either for graph traversal and/or selection of message encoding functions. Ignoring the edge semantics could have severe repercussions on the quality of embeddings, especially when dealing with two nodes having multiple relations. Furthermore, the expressivity of the learned representation depends on the quality of negative samples used during training. Although existing hard negative sampling techniques can identify challenging negative relationships for optimization, new techniques are required to control false negatives during training as false negatives could corrupt the learning process. To address these issues, first, we propose RelGNN -- a message passing-based heterogeneous graph attention model. In particular, RelGNN generates the states of different relations and leverages them along with the node states to weigh the messages. RelGNN also adopts a self-attention mechanism to balance the importance of attribute features and topological features for generating the final entity embeddings. Second, we introduce a parameter free negative sampling technique -- adaptive self-adversarial (ASA) negative sampling. ASA reduces the false negative rate by leveraging positive relationships to effectively guide the identification of true negative samples. Our experimental evaluation demonstrates that RelGNN optimized by ASA for relationship prediction improves state-of-the-art performance across established benchmarks as well as on a real industrial dataset.
A 8kb domino read sram with hit logic and parity checker (2005)

An 8Kb domino read SRAM with hit logic and parity checker, fabricated in a 65nm SOI CMOS technology (Leobandung, 2005), is described. A key feature is the elimination of the traditional sense amplifier to reduce timing and design complexity. The focus of this paper is to demonstrate a memory array, comprised of 6T cells, that can generate near "rail-to-rail" bit-line voltage differentials that can be driven off macro without the aid of sense amplifiers. Therefore, short, low capacitance bit-line segments (or sub-arrays) are cascaded together to form larger bit-line structures, achieving performance and density goals with robust operation over a wide range of process and environmental conditions.
Low jitter silicon bipolar based VCOs for applications in high speed optical communication systems (2002)

This paper describes the design of silicon bipolar-based planar microstrip low noise VCO at 10 GHz. Using this VCO with GaAs PHEMT MMIC frequency multipliers, 20 GHz and 40 GHz VCOs are reported. Applications include OC-192 and OC-768 optical communication systems. Demonstrated phase noise of -113 dBc/Hz@100 KHz represents the best phase noise of a 10 GHz microstrip VCO reported to date.
Screeninig for phytotoxicity crude exctracts from the flora of crete and phytochemical investigation of Bellis longifolia (2012)

In continuation of our research for the discovery of bioactive compounds from plants of the flora of Crete [1] we have screened 65 plant species for their phytotoxic activity. Different plant parts have been extracted and 249 extracts have been evaluated for their phytotoxic activity in Lactuca sativa L. (Asteraceae) and Agrostis stolonifera L. (Graminae). Among the most potent extracts was the methanolic extract of Bellis longifolia which is an endemic plant of Crete that had never been investigated. The metahnolic extract of B. longifolia was elaborated by a very efficient technique, the countercurrent chromatography (CCC) using a step-gradient method. For this purpose a series of five biphasic systems consisting of the solvents n-Hex/BuOH/EtOH/H2O were used and led to the isolation of ten compounds. Four flavonoids, one phenolic compound, two triterpenes and three triterpene saponins were isolated and structural elucidated using NMR and HRMS. It is interesting that the three saponins, 3-β-D-fucopyranosyl-bayogenin, 3-β-D-fucopyranosyl-polygalacic acid and 28-β-D-fucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl]-polygalacic acid are new natural products.
1.3-/spl mu/m InGaAlAs directly modulated MQW RWG DFB lasers operating over 10 Gb/s and 100/spl deg/C (2004)

We briefly review 1.3-/spl mu/m InGaAlAs DFB RWG lasers that feature low-resistance notch-free gratings and are for greater than 10-Gb/s direct modulation at over 100/spl deg/C. The superior transmission properties and long-term reliability are also described.
WaveForm (2011)

We present WaveForm, a system that enables a Video Jockey (VJ) to directly manipulate video content on a large display on a stage, from a distance. WaveForm implements an in-air multitouch gesture set to layer, blend, scale, rotate, and position video content on the large display. We believe this leads to a more immersive experience for the VJ user, as well as for the audience witnessing the VJ's performance during a live event.
An architecture for survivable coordination in large distributed systems (2000)

Coordination among processes in a distributed system can be rendered very complex in a large-scale system where messages may be delayed or lost and when processes may participate only transiently or behave arbitrarily, e.g. after suffering a security breach. In this paper, we propose a scalable architecture to support coordination in such extreme conditions. Our architecture consists of a collection of persistent data servers that implement simple shared data abstractions for clients, without trusting the clients or even the servers themselves. We show that, by interacting with these untrusted servers, clients can solve distributed consensus, a powerful and fundamental coordination primitive. Our architecture is very practical, and we describe the implementation of its main components in a system called Fleet.
Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering on Non‐SERS Active Substrates and In Situ Electrochemical Study based on a Single Gold Microshell (2013)

A single gold microshell, which was elaborately fabricated to carry numerous hot spots on its own surface, enabled the acquisition of the SERS spectra from the molecules on non-SERS active substrates such as Si/SiO2, ITO, and glass. A self-assembled monolayer of 11-mercaptoundecanols on the gold microshell offered an easy and reliable way to electrically insulate from the underlying flat Pt electrode and accomplish in situ monitoring the electrochemical reaction with minimal interference.
CHEMICAL INTERACTIONS AT NOBLE METAL NANOPARTICLE SURFACES — CATALYSIS, SENSORS AND DEVICES (2007)

In this paper, a summary of some of the recent research efforts in our laboratory on chemical interactions at noble metal nanoparticle surfaces is presented. The article is divided into five sections, detailing with (i) interactions of simple halocarbons with gold and silver nanoparticle surfaces at room temperature by a new chemistry and the exploitation of this chemistry in the extraction of pesticides from drinking water, (ii) interaction of biologically important proteins such as Cyt c, hemoglobin and myoglobin as well as a model system, hemin with gold and silver nanoparticles and nanorods forming nano–bio conjugates and their surface binding chemistry, (iii) formation of polymer–nano composites with tunable optical properties and temperature sensing characteristics by single and multi-step methodologies, (iv) nanomaterials-based flow sensors and (v) composites of noble metal nanoparticles and metallic carbon nanotubes showing visible fluorescence induced by metal–semiconductor transition.
Environmental Effect on the Water Absorption and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced PPS and PEEK Composites (1989)

Research has been conducted to investigate the water absorption in carbon fiber reinforced polyether ether ketone (PEEK/C.F.) and polyphenylene sulfide compos ites (PPS/C.F.). Effect of humidity and temperature on tensile, flexural and impact strength of these composites was also studied. Results indicated that the waters absorbed in PPS/C. F. and PEEK/C. F. are 0.059 wt% and 0.138 wt% respectively. The diffusion process is a classical Fickian diffusion in the temperature region investigated. The activation energies of diffusion are 667 cal/g-mole (for PPS/C.F.) and 8934 cal/g-mole (for PEEK/C.F.). The retention of mechanical properties of these composites is very good under hot-wet condition. These composites materials can be served as high performance materials even in the hostile environment. PEEK/C.F. composites show excellent mechanical properties retention even at 80°C and 75% R.H.
Peripheral neuropathy from paclitaxel: risk prediction by serum microRNAs (2020)

MiR-451a could be a predictive marker for PN caused by paclitaxel-containing chemotherapy; however, further investigation of the underlying mechanism is required to determine the role of miR-451a.
Harnessing RNA silencing to protect peanuts from stripe disease (2010)

Genetically modified peanut plants that carry copies of the viral coat protein gene exhibited high levels of resistance to peanut stripe virus (PStV). Fertile plants of the Indonesian cultivar Gajah were regenerated following microprojectile bombardment of embryogenic callus with an untranslatable version of the PStV coat protein gene and 3’ untranslated region. The hygromycin gene was co-bombarded on a separate plasmid for initial selection of transformed embryos. Segregation of the two genes allowed identification of marker-gene free, virus resistant progeny. The resistance mechanism is based on RNA silencing, an anti-viral defense mechanism intrinsic to all plants. Fifth generation progeny contain resistant lineages and the inheritance of the resistance trait appears to be linked to particular transgene copies. Media summary Improved peanut lines with strong resistance to peanut stripe disease will reduce a major constraint to peanut production in Indonesia and protect the Australian industry.
4DMRI-based investigation on the interplay effect for pencil beam scanning proton therapy of pancreatic cancer patients (2019)

Intrafractional organ motion exhibits a large interplay effect for PBS proton therapy of pancreatic cancer. The interplay effect correlates with CTV motion, but can be mitigated efficiently by fractionation, mainly due to different breathing starting phases in fractionated treatments. For hypofractionated treatments, a further restriction of motion may be required. Repeated 4DMRI measurements are a viable tool for pre- and post-treatment evaluations of the interplay effect.
A time series analysis technique for effective thermal strain imaging in atherosclerotic plaques by reducing large cardiac motion induced artifacts (2012)

Large lipid pools in vulnerable plaques, in principle, can be detected using thermal strain imaging (TSI). The practical challenge for in vivo cardiovascular application of TSI is that the thermal strain is about an order of magnitude smaller than the peak mechanical strain caused by cardiac pulsation and the former is often masked by the latter. ECG gating is a widely adopted method for motion compensation, but it is often susceptible to electrical and physiological noise. In this paper, we present an ECG-free time series analysis approach to separate the thermal strain from the mechanical strain in in vitro experiments using vessel mimicking phantom where the cardiac pulsation is simulated by a pulsatile pump.
Pressure Variation of the Curie Temperature and Spontaneous Magnetization in Fe[sub 2]P and Fe[sub 2]P[sub 0.9]As[sub 0.1] (1973)

The transition‐metal pnictides (M1−yMy′)P1−xAsx exhibit structural relationships and magnetic properties that indicate the presence of filled valence bands, empty conduction bands, and partially filled 3d bands active in metal‐metal bonding. In many cases they support spontaneous magnetism, thereby offering the opportunity to study itinerant‐electron magnetism as a function of 3d bandwidth and occupancy. In particular, the hexagonal system Fe2P1−xAsx is ferromagnetic, but for x < 0.33 its spontaneous moment at T = 0K is reduced from the μo = 3.0μB/molecule predicted for itinerant, spin‐only ferromagnetism. We investigated the pressure dependence of Tc and μo to 11 kbar. In Fe2P, the relation between ΔTc [° C] and P [kbar] is: P = −0.252(ΔTc) −0.0012(ΔTc)2. In Fe2P0.9As0.1, it is: P = −0.71(ΔTc) −0.0017(ΔTc)2. Pressure did not change significantly the value of μ at 58K, but it promoted a remarkably exchange‐enhanced susceptibility above Tc. We interpret these results to mean that the reduced moment in Fe2P is not due to conduction‐band overlap of the Fermi energy, but to a 3d bandwidth that is just narrow enough to support spontaneous ferromagnetism. A critical pressure Pc ≈ 13 kbar is estimated for a ferromagnetic‐to‐ metamagnetic transition.
Micro Optical Coherence Tomography for Coronary Imaging (2021)

Intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) that produces images with 10 μm resolution has emerged as a significant technology for evaluating coronary architectural morphology. Yet, many features that are relevant to coronary plaque pathogenesis can only be seen at the cellular level. This issue has motivated the development of a next-generation form of OCT imaging that offers higher resolution. One such technology that we review here is termed micro-OCT (μOCT) that enables the assessment of the cellular and subcellular morphology of human coronary atherosclerotic plaques. This chapter reviews recent advances and ongoing works regarding μOCT in the field of cardiology. This new technology has the potential to provide researchers and clinicians with a tool to better understand the natural history of coronary atherosclerosis, increase plaque progression prediction capabilities, and better assess the vessel healing process after revascularization therapy.
Anti-inflammatory properties of ursodeoxycholyl lysophosphatidylethanolamide in endotoxin-mediated inflammatory liver injury (2018)

In the setting of endotoxin-mediated liver inflammation, UDCA-LPE exerts profound anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effect implying a promising potential for the drug candidate as an experimental approach for the treatment of acute and chronic liver diseases.
Inductance and resistance measurement method for vessel detection and coil powering in all-surface inductive heating systems composed of outer squircle coils (2017)

In this work, we investigate a method proposed for vessel detection and coil powering in an all-surface inductive heating system composed of outer squircle coils. Besides conventional circular coils, coils with different shapes such as outer squircle coils are used for and enable efficient all-surface inductive heating. Validity of the method, which relies on measuring inductance and resistance values of a loaded coil at different frequencies, is experimentally demonstrated for a coil with shape different from conventional circular coil. Simple setup was constructed with a small coil to model an all-surface inductive heating system. Inductance and resistance maps were generated by measuring coil’s inductance and resistance values at different frequencies loaded by a plate made of different materials and located at various positions. Results show that in an induction hob for various coil geometries it is possible to detect a vessel’s presence, to identify its material type and to specify its position on the hob surface by considering inductance and resistance of the coil measured on at least two different frequencies. The studied method is important in terms of enabling safe, efficient and user flexible heating in an all-surface inductive heating system by automatically detecting the vessel’s presence and powering on only the coils that are loaded by the vessel with predetermined current levels.
Aerobic physical exercise for adult patients with haematological malignancies (2014)

Eighteen, mostly small RCTs did not identify evidence for a difference in terms of mortality. Physical exercise added to standard care might improve fatigue and depression. Currently, there is inconclusive evidence regarding QoL, physical functioning, anxiety and SAEs .We need further trials with more participants and longer follow-up periods to evaluate the effects of exercise intervention for people suffering from haematological malignancies. To enhance comparability of study data, development and implementation of core sets of measuring devices would be helpful.
Investigation of Unique Carbon Nanotube Cell Restraint Compliant Mechanisms (2014)

Unique micromechanisms are required to grasp mouse egg cells while genetic material is inserted into the cell through micro or nanoinjection. To obtain the high aspect ratio needed to fully grasp the 100 μm-diameter cells, carbon-infiltrated vertically aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) forests are fabricated into various designs of compliant cell restraint mechanisms. Six preliminary designs are fabricated and tested, leading to a more effective design that meets the stated design requirements. This improved mechanism is discussed in detail. Finally, as a possible alternative to these more complicated mechanisms, a simple CNT passive cell restraint structure is also presented.
On the low‐frequency electrical polarization of bacterial cells in sands (2005)

We performed electrical measurements on sands flushed with bacterial suspensions of varying concentration. The first experiment was conducted with Shewanella putrefaciens (biomass 0–0.5 mg/L) and the second with Escherichia coli (biomass 0–42 mg/L). We measured a biomass‐dependent low‐frequency (10 Hz) polarization. At cell density &lt;12 mg/L polarization decreased (up to 60 %) relative to before introduction of cells; the decrease was greater when the sand was artificially Fe‐coated to enhance the affinity of cells to the mineral surface. At cell density &gt;12 mg/L polarization increased (up to 15%). We attribute the decrease in polarization at low cell density to alteration of the mineral‐fluid interface due to mineral‐cell interactions. The polarization enhancement at higher cell density is possibly a pore throat mechanism resulting from decreased ionic mobility and/or electron transfer due to cell accumulation in pores.
A W-band wavelet generator using 0.13-μm InP HEMTs for multi-gigabit communications based on ultra-wideband impulse radio (2008)

A wavelet generator (WG) based on simple ultra-wideband impulse radio (UWB-IR) architecture has been developed to use for multi-gigabit communications systems that utilize the W-band millimeter wave (75–110 GHz). The W-band WG radiates a pulse signal, or a wavelet, whose full width at half maximum is less than 80 ps, which makes it possible to realize a 12.5-Gb/s ON/OFF keying transmitter. The WG consists of only two components: a pulse generator (PG) and a band pass filter (BPF). The digital-based PG was fabricated by using 0.13-μm InP HEMTs and created a record short pulse of 7.6 ps and 0.8 Vpp. The BPF was designed to be a five-stage microstrip coupled line filter on an alumina substrate. The 3-dB pass band of the BPF was 78–93 GHz and its insertion loss was 1.5±0.1 dB. The group delay was 100±10 ps in the pass band. To the best of our knowledge, the WG is the first UWB-IR-based signal source that generates more than 10-Gb/s wavelets in the W-band.
<title>Optoelectronic selector switch for rf/microwave passive fiber optic networks</title> (1995)

We have fabricated a &gt; 10 GHz high speed optoelectronic (OE), selector switch with high isolation (&gt; 57 dB). This switch was used as a receiver for a microwave network demonstration with simulated satellite feeds of FM video and microwave BPSK digital channels.
Lineage restriction of neuroepithelial precursor cells from fetal human spinal cord (1999)

In the presence of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and/or fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), neuroepithelial precursor cells from dissociated fetal human spinal cord are mitotically active and form free-floating spheres of undifferentiated cells. Proliferating cells were obtained in approximately 40% of preparations with each mitogen, were immunoreactive for the intermediate filament nestin, and did not express neuronal- or glial-specific markers. Early passage neuroepithelial precursor cells were pluripotent and differentiated into neurons expressing MAP2a,b, NF-M, and TuJ1, and GFAP-positive astrocytes; however, oligodendrocytes were never seen. As the cells were passaged from P0 to P4, the percentage of differentiating neurons significantly decreased and the prevalence of astrocytes significantly increased. While the majority of cell populations from individual preparations stopped proliferating between 3 and 6 passages, two expanding cell lines have been successfully expanded in EGF and FGF2 for over 25 passages and have been maintained in culture for over one year. These cells express nestin and not other cell-specific lineage markers. When differentiated, these neuroepithelial cell lines differentiate only into astrocytes, showing no expression of any neuronal marker. These data suggest that continued passage under these conditions preferentially selects for spinal cord neural precursors that are restricted to the astrocytic lineage. Despite the lineage restriction of later passage cell populations, these results provide a rationale for future investigation into the lineage potential of these cells in vivo following transplantation into the adult CNS, potentially as a therapeutic approach for traumatic injury and neurodegenerative disease.
Graded-host phosphorescent light-emitting diodes with high efficiency and reduced roll-off (2012)

We demonstrated graded-host phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes with high efficiency and reduced efficiency roll-off. The emissive layer of the graded host device consists of both electron and hole transport type hosts, 1,3,5-tris(N-phenylbenzimidazole-2-yl)benzene (TPBI) and 4,4′,4′′-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine, respectively, with graded composition, and the phosphorescent red emitter bis(2-phenylquinoline) (acetylacetonate) iridium(III), which was uniformly doped into the graded host matrix. The graded host device shows improved quantum efficiency and power efficiency with significantly reduced efficiency roll-off as compared to the unipolar-host and double layer heterojunction host devices.