gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lithium Atom and A-Site Vacancy Distributions in Lanthanum Lithium Titanate (2013)

Lanthanum lithium titanate (LLTO) is one of the most promising electrolyte materials for all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries. Despite numerous studies, the detailed crystal structure is still open to conjecture because of the difficulty of identifying precisely the positions of Li atoms and the distribution of intrinsic cation vacancies. Here we use subangstrom resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) imaging methods and spatially resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) analysis to examine the local atomic structure of LLTO. Direct annular bright-field (ABF) observations show Li locations on O4 window positions in Li-poor phase La0.62Li0.16TiO3 and near to A-site positions in Li-rich phase La0.56Li0.33TiO3. Local clustering of A-site vacancies results in aggregation of Li atoms, enhanced octahedral tilting and distortion, formation of O vacancies, and partial Ti4+ reduction. The results suggest local LLTO structures depend on a balance between the distribution of A-site vacancies and the need to maintain interlayer charge neutrality. The associated local clustering of A-site vacancies and aggregation of Li atoms is expected to affect the Li-ion migration pathways, which change from two-dimensional in Li-poor LLTO to three-dimensional in Li-rich LLTO. This study demonstrates how a combination of advanced STEM and EELS analysis can provide critical insights into the atomic structure and crystal chemistry of solid ionic conductors.
Single‐cell analysis of population context advances RNAi screening at multiple levels (2012)

Isogenic cells in culture show strong variability, which arises from dynamic adaptations to the microenvironment of individual cells. Here we study the influence of the cell population context, which determines a single cell's microenvironment, in image-based RNAi screens. We developed a comprehensive computational approach that employs Bayesian and multivariate methods at the single-cell level. We applied these methods to 45 RNA interference screens of various sizes, including 7 druggable genome and 2 genome-wide screens, analysing 17 different mammalian virus infections and four related cell physiological processes. Analysing cell-based screens at this depth reveals widespread RNAi-induced changes in the population context of individual cells leading to indirect RNAi effects, as well as perturbations of cell-to-cell variability regulators. We find that accounting for indirect effects improves the consistency between siRNAs targeted against the same gene, and between replicate RNAi screens performed in different cell lines, in different labs, and with different siRNA libraries. In an era where large-scale RNAi screens are increasingly performed to reach a systems-level understanding of cellular processes, we show that this is often improved by analyses that account for and incorporate the single-cell microenvironment.
Molecular and Pharmacological Properties of a Potent and Selective Novel Nonsteroidal Progesterone Receptor Agonist Tanaproget (2005)

Progesterone receptor (PR) agonists have several important applications in women's health, such as in oral contraception and post-menopausal hormone therapy. Currently, all PR agonists used clinically are steroids. Because of their interactions with other steroid receptors, steroid-metabolizing enzymes, or other steroid-signaling pathways, these drugs can pose significant side effects in some women. Efforts to discover novel nonsteroidal PR agonists with improved biological properties led to the discovery of tanaproget (TNPR). TNPR binds to the PR from various species with a higher relative affinity than reference steroidal progestins. In T47D cells, TNPR induces alkaline phosphatase activity with an EC(50) value of 0.1 nm, comparable with potent steroidal progestins such as medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and trimegestone (TMG), albeit with a reduced efficacy ( approximately 60%). In a mammalian two-hybrid assay to measure PR agonist-induced interaction between steroid receptor co-activator-1 and PR, TNPR showed similar potency (EC(50) value of 0.02 nm) and efficacy to MPA and TMG. Importantly, in key animal models such as the rat ovulation inhibition assay, TNPR demonstrates full efficacy and an enhanced progestational potency (30-fold) when compared with MPA and TMG. Furthermore, TNPR has relatively weak interactions with other steroid receptors and binding proteins and little effect on cytochrome P450 metabolic pathways. Finally, the three-dimensional crystal structure of the PR ligand binding domain with TNPR has been delineated to demonstrate how this nonsteroidal ligand achieves its high binding affinity. Therefore, TNPR is a structurally novel and very selective PR agonist with an improved preclinical pharmacological profile.
Hypothyroidism Alters the Expression of Prostaglandin D2 Synthase/β‐ Trace in Specific Areas of the Developing Rat Brain (1997)

Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2 synthase is the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of prostaglandin D2, a major prostaglandin in the central nervous system. We analysed the effects of thyroid hormone deprivation on prostaglandin D2 synthase gene expression in the developing rat brain. By in situ hybridization, the strongest prostaglandin D2 synthase mRNA signal was detected in the leptomeninges and choroid plexus. The signal was greatly reduced in the cerebellar interlaminar meninges of hypothyroid rats aged 15 and 25 days. Immunohistochemical studies defined changes in the location of the prostaglandin D2 synthase protein. In control but not in hypothyroid animals, Cajal-Retzius neurons of cortical layer I, and pyramidal cortical plate neurons were intensely stained on postnatal day 5. Conversely, prostaglandin D2 synthase protein levels were higher in neurons of the CA1 and CA3 regions and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus of hypothyroid animals on postnatal days 5, 15 and 25, and also in subplate neurons on postnatal days 15 and 25. In agreement with the in situ hybridization and northern blotting data, the major difference was found in the cerebellar interlaminar meninges of hypothyroid animals, where the protein was clearly down-regulated on postnatal days 15 and 25. These results show that hypothyroidism causes both age- and region-specific alterations in the expression and location of the prostaglandin D2 synthase during postnatal brain development, probably reflecting a cell-specific regulatory effect of thyroid hormone on the prostaglandin D2 synthase.
Design of low complexity multiplierless digital filters with optimized free structure using a population-based metaheuristic (2011)

Traditional multiplierless digital filter design techniques try to solve the Multiple Constant Multiplication (MCM) problem by implementing the coefficients of the transfer function using multiplier blocks. However, these methods are based on defined circuit architectures, such as the direct or the transposed form, to implement the rest of the filter. This paper introduces an innovative process that simultaneously designs multiplierless low complexity digital filters and optimizes their global structure. Performance of the proposed algorithm is validated by comparing its accuracy to current methods when designing 1000 IIR filters.
SuppTable2 from Identifying and Targeting Sporadic Oncogenic Genetic Aberrations in Mouse Models of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary table 2 lists all mutations&lt;/p&gt;
Thermal response to DVFS (2007)

Increasing power density in computing systems from laptops to servers has spurred interest in dynamic thermal management. Based on the success of dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) in managing power and energy, DVFS may be a viable option for thermal management, as well. However, publicly available data on the thermal effects of DVFS are very limited. In this work, we characterize the thermal response of Intel Pentium M system to DVFS, identifying the response timescale and influence of factors beyond voltage and frequency on processor temperature.
A Phase 1 Dose-Escalation Study of the Cardiac Myosin Inhibitor Aficamten in Healthy Participants (2022)

This phase 1, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of aficamten (formerly CK-3773274) in healthy adults identified a pharmacologically active range of doses and exposures. At doses that were pharmacologically active (single doses of ≤50 mg or daily dosing of ≤10 mg for 14 or 17 days), aficamten appeared to be safe and well tolerated. Adverse events were generally mild and no more frequent than with placebo. Pharmacokinetic assessments showed dose proportionality over the range of single doses administered, and pharmacokinetics were not affected by administration with food or in otherwise healthy individuals with a cytochrome P450 2D6 poor metabolizer phenotype. (A Single and Multiple Ascending Dose Study of CK-3773274 in Health Adult Subjects; NCT03767855)
Optimized Waterspace Management and Scheduling Using Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (2016)

We describe an approach for accomplishing the high-level mission planning required for a heterogeneous team of autonomous vehicles performing mine countermeasure MCM survey missions in multiple areas. The high-level mission scheduling and waterspace management requires sequencing the order and location of lower-level MCM tasks to be completed by each vehicle in the heterogeneous team unmanned surface vessels USVs and unmanned underwater vehicles UUVs. We propose solving this complex sequencing operation by leveraging unique information processing, communication, refueling, and planning windows that form constraints within the system within a formal scheduling optimization framework known as mixed-integer linear programming. We pose the problem using a mixed-integer linear programming optimization framework, compare several complexity reduction heuristics to the full optimization, and include methods to account for relative uncertainty in the duration of planned tasks in such a manner to balance the risk of schedule slips or conservative and sub-optimal schedule.
Living Polymerization of Ethylene Using Pd(II) α-Diimine Catalysts (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTLiving Polymerization of Ethylene Using Pd(II) α-Diimine CatalystsAmy C. Gottfried and Maurice BrookhartView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290 Cite this: Macromolecules 2001, 34, 5, 1140–1142Publication Date (Web):January 26, 2001Publication History Received12 September 2000Revised28 December 2000Published online26 January 2001Published inissue 1 February 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma001595lhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma001595lrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1743Altmetric-Citations170LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Ethylene polymerization,Hydrocarbons,Living polymerization,Polymers Get e-Alerts
Power Evaluation of Itsy Version 2.3 (2000)

in 1982. Our focus is information technology that is relevant to the technical strategy of the Corporation, and that has the potential to open new business opportunities. Research at WRL includes Internet protocol design and implementation, tools for binary optimization, hardware and software mechanisms to support scalable shared memory, graphics VLSI ICs, handheld computing, and more. Our tradition at WRL is to test our ideas by extensive software or hardware prototyping. We publish the results of our work in a variety of journals, conferences, research reports, and technical notes. This document is a technical note. We use this form for rapid distribution of technical material. Usually this represents research in progress. Research reports are normally accounts of completed research and may include material from earlier technical notes. You can retrieve research reports and technical notes via the World Wide Web at:
Triboluminescence of uranyl nitrate (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTriboluminescence of uranyl nitrateJeffrey I. ZinkCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1975, 14, 3, 555–558Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50145a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50145a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views186Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<title>Depolarization measurements of an integrating sphere</title> (1994)

Mueller matrix polarimetry performed in the visible and near infrared indicates that an integrating sphere acts as an ideal depolarizer to the 0.5% accuracy of the polarimeter. The integrating sphere emits unpolarized light regardless of the incident polarization state.
Observation of Electroweak Production of Same-Sign W Boson Pairs in the Two Jet and Two Same-Sign Lepton Final State in Proton-Proton Collisions at s=13  TeV (2018)

The first observation of electroweak production of same-sign W boson pairs in proton-proton collisions is reported. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb^{-1} collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. Events are selected by requiring exactly two leptons (electrons or muons) of the same charge, moderate missing transverse momentum, and two jets with a large rapidity separation and a large dijet mass. The observed significance of the signal is 5.5 standard deviations, where a significance of 5.7 standard deviations is expected based on the standard model. The ratio of measured event yields to that expected from the standard model at leading order is 0.90±0.22. A cross section measurement in a fiducial region is reported. Bounds are given on the structure of quartic vector boson interactions in the framework of dimension-8 effective field theory operators and on the production of doubly charged Higgs bosons.
A rationale for surgical debulking to improve anti-PD1 therapy outcome in non small cell lung cancer (2019)

Anti-PD1 immunotherapy has emerged as a gold-standard treatment for first- or second-line treatment of stage IV NSCLC, with response rates ranging from 10 to 60%. Strategies to improve the disease control rate are needed. Several reports suggested that debulking surgery enhances anti-tumor immunity. We aimed at examining tumor burden as a predictive factor of anti-PD1 tretment efficacy and to evaluate the role of cytoreductive surgery in anti-PD1 treated NSCLC. Immunocompetent DBA/2 mice engrafted with various amount of allogeneic lung squamous cancer KLN-205 cells were treated with anti-PD1 monoclonal antibody. Mice engrafted with two tumors also underwent a debulking surgery or a sham procedure. Tumor volume was monitored to assess treatment efficacy. Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes were assessed by flow cytometry. In a retrospective study of 48 stage IV NSCLC patients treated with Nivolumab who underwent a 18-FDG PETscan before treatment onset, the prognostic role of metabolic tumor volume was analysed. Anti-PD1 treatment effect was greater in mice bearing smaller tumors. Treatment with higher doses of anti-PD1 antibody did not improve the outcome, independently of the size of the tumor. In mice bearing 2 tumors, excision of 1 tumor improved the anti-PD1 treatment effect on the remaining tumor. In 48 NSCLC patients receiving anti-PD1 treatment, high metabolic tumor volume was associated with poor overall survival and the absence of clinical benefit. Treg infiltration, but not effector T cells, was positively correlated to tumor volume. Taken together, our results suggest that tumor volume is a predictive factor of anti-PD1 efficacy in NSCLC. Additionally, an experimental murine model suggests that tumor debulking may improve control of residual tumor.
ATM Decision Support Tool for Wake Vortex Hazard Management Combining Sensors and Modeling (2014)

Capacity gains in the terminal area and on the airport surface can be achieved by integrating wake vortex hazard management more dynamically in the setting of separation minima. To define these more efficient intervals, smart planning techniques are integrated into a wake vortex decision support system. The system performs prediction, detection and monitoring of wake vortices based on wake vortex sensor suite and sensor simulations, wake predictor, weather sensors and weather nowcasting and forecasting. The architecture and system performance has been verified and validated during several trials. The results and recommendations have been used to define the trials to come and subsequent technology improvements.
Optic fiber needle to probe inside the body using fluorescence ratio method (2000)

An optical fiber needle probe was developed that can be inserted into a hollow metallic needle for tumor diagnosis using fluorescence at key wavelengths for breast, kidney, liver, and brain. The optical fiber needle probe is based on fluorescence ration method which will allow to detect tumor in vivo for a real time evaluation. This method will be couple with other current modalities such as X-ray, ultrasound and MRI.
Arthroscopic Biceps Tenotomy And Tenodesis For Massive Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears (SS‐27) (2007)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate outcome following arthroscopic biceps tenotomy or tenodesis for massive irreparable rotator cuff tears associated with biceps lesions. This is a retrospective study of 68 consecutive patients (mean age 68 ± 6 years) with 72 irreparable rotator cuff tears treated with arthroscopic biceps tenotomy (39 cases) or tenodesis (33 cases). All patients were evaluated clinically and radiographically at a mean follow-up of 35 months (range, 24-52). Fifty-three patients (78%) were satisfied. The Constant score improved from 46 to 67 points (p<0.001). Presence of a healthy, intact teres minor on preoperative imaging correlated with increased postoperative external rotation (40 vs. 18°, p< 0.05) and higher Constant score (p<0.05). Three patients with a pseudoparalyzed shoulder did not benefit from the procedure and did not regain active elevation above the horizontal level. By contrast, 15 patients with painful loss of active elevation recovered active elevation. The acromiohumeral distance decreased 1 mm on average, and only one patient developed glenohumeral osteoarthritis. There was no difference between tenotomy and tenodesis (Constant Score 61 vs. 73). A “Popeye” sign was clinically apparent in 24 tenotomy patients (61%), but none were bothered by it. Two patients required reoperation with a reverse prosthesis. Arthroscopic biceps tenotomy and tenodesis effectively treats severe pain or dysfunction caused by an irreparable rotator cuff tear associated with biceps pathology. Shoulder function is significantly lower if the teres minor is atrophic or fatty infiltrated. Pseudoparalysis or severe cuff arthropathy are contraindications.
Light‐Absorption Phenomena in Novel Low‐Reflectance Cathodes for Organic Light‐Emitting Devices Utilizing Metal–Organic Mixtures (2003)

Low‐optical‐reflectance cathodes (&lt; 2 %, ∼ 45× lower than standard metal cathodes) utilizing a metal–organic mixed layer (MOML) have recently been developed and shown to dramatically enhance display contrast for organic light‐emitting devices. MOML characterization reveals an organic matrix with embedded metal nanoparticles (see Figure), whose surface plasmon resonance is responsible for the layer's light‐absorption properties.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of α,α‐Disubstituted‐α‐Amino Acids by a Sequential Nucleophilic Addition to Nitriles. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Laser post-processing of Inconel 625 made by selective laser melting (2016)

The effect of laser remelting of surfaces of as-built Selective Laser Melted (SLM) Inconel 625 was evaluated for its potential to improve the surface roughness of SLM parts. Many alloys made by SLM have properties similar to their wrought counterparts, but surface roughness of SLM-made parts is much higher than found in standard machine shop operations. This has implications for mechanical properties of SLM materials, such as a large debit in fatigue properties, and in applications of SLM, where surface roughness can alter fluid flow characteristics. Because complexity and netshape fabrication are fundamental advantages of Additive Manufacturing (AM), post-processing by mechanical means to reduce surface roughness detracts from the potential utility of AM. Use of a laser to improve surface roughness by targeted remelting or annealing offers the possibility of in-situ surface polishing of AM surfaces- the same laser used to melt the powder could be amplitude modulated to smooth the part during the build. The effects of remelting the surfaces of SLM Inconel 625 were demonstrated using a CW fiber laser (IPG: 1064 nm, 2-50 W) that is amplitude modulated with a pulse profile to induce remelting without spallation or ablation. The process achieved uniform depth of melting and improved surface roughness. The results show that with an appropriate pulse profile that meters the heat-load, surface features such as partially sintered powder particles and surface connected porosity can be mitigated via a secondary remelting/annealing event.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Physicochemical Properties of Decanucleotides Containing (3′ → 5′)‐O‐CH2‐O‐ Linkages at Predetermined Positions. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.