gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cortical Reinstatement Mediates the Relationship Between Content-Specific Encoding Activity and Subsequent Recollection Decisions (2013)

Episodic recollection entails the conscious remembrance of event details associated with previously encountered stimuli. Recollection depends on both the establishment of cortical representations of event features during stimulus encoding and the cortical reinstatement of these representations at retrieval. Here, we used multivoxel pattern analyses of functional magnetic resonance imaging data to examine how cortical and hippocampal activity at encoding and retrieval drive recollective memory decisions. During encoding, words were associated with face or scene source contexts. At retrieval, subjects were cued to recollect the source associate of each presented word. Neurally derived estimates of encoding strength and pattern reinstatement in occipitotemporal cortex were computed for each encoding and retrieval trial, respectively. Analyses demonstrated that (1) cortical encoding strength predicted subsequent memory accuracy and reaction time, (2) encoding strength predicted encoding-phase hippocampal activity, and (3) encoding strength and retrieval-phase hippocampal activity predicted the magnitude of cortical reinstatement. Path analyses further indicated that cortical reinstatement partially mediated both the effect of cortical encoding strength and the effect of retrieval-phase hippocampal activity on subsequent source memory performance. Taken together, these results indicate that memory-guided decisions are driven in part by a pathway leading from hippocampally linked cortical encoding of event attributes to hippocampally linked cortical reinstatement at retrieval.
Multideck structure WDM devices for optical networks (2003)

Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and demultiplexing (WDDM) devices are considered to be one of the key elements in optical networks. WDM device by using conventional, such as thin film filter and AWG based devices, can only be used as one device either multiplexing or demultiplexing. Here we propose a novel structure for WDM device, ehic is based on free-space diffraction-grating multiplexer/demultiplexer technology. By using multi-deck fiber arrays one device can function as both multiplexers and demultiplexers simutaneouly. In this paper we will give the structure and working principle for such device. We will also discuss the optical design issues. Finally we will present our experimental results. The devices can be used for bi-directional transmissions and optical transceivers in optical networks.
Optimal Tailored Screening Protocol after Living Donor Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2014)

The indication for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is expanding in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). Early detection and effective management of recurrence has become an important issue in LDLT for HCC. This study aimed to find an optimal screening protocol in terms of screening interval and screening tools by analyzing recurrence pattern after LDLT for HCC. A total of 205 LDLT patients in two centers from February 1999 to October 2010 was reviewed. Recurrence appeared in 55 cases. Six risk factors for recurrence were identified: preoperative alpha-fetoprotein >400, Edmonson grade 3 or 4, tumor size >7 cm, tumor number ≥7, minimal tumor necrosis in the transarterial chemoembolization group and positive micro-vascular invasion. Four groups with different ranges of index scores showed different recurrence-free survival and median time to recurrence. Group I showed low and late recurrence. Groups II and III showed linearly increased rate of recurrence until 18 months. Group IV showed very early recurrence within 6 months. Across the groups, extra-hepatic recurrence developed in more than 40% of cases and multi-organ recurrence rate was 20%. The screening interval should be different based on the risk of recurrence. Screening should include work-up for extra-hepatic recurrence as well as intra-hepatic recurrence.
Rigidity Percolation in Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposited a-SiC:H Thin Films (2010)

Plasma Enhanced Chemically Vapor Deposited SiC:H thin films are compelling materials for both semiconductor nano-electronic and MEMS/NEMS technologies due to the extreme chemical inertness of this material and the ability to tune a variety of material properties across an extreme range of values. As one example of the latter, we demonstrate that using PECVD the dielectric constant and Young's modulus of SiC:H thin films can be varied from &lt; 3 to &gt; 7 and &lt; 10 GPa to &gt; 200 GPa respectively. Utilizing Fourier Infrared-Transform Spectroscopy, we show that this remarkable range in materials properties is achieved primarily via the incorporation of terminal hydrogen groups which lowers the overall connectivity of the Si-C network bonding. We find that once the average network coordination number for Si and C falls below 2.6, the SiC network becomes under constrained and there is a loss of rigidity percolating through the system thus limiting the range of materials properties that can be achieved in this system.
Bernard of Hollywood: The Ultimate Pin-Up Book (1999)

Portraits of showbiz celebrities from Hollywood's Golden Era, produced by one of the most sought after portrait and pin up photographers of his time Bruno Bernard. - The book portrays a wide range of pin-ups from idols such as, John Wayne, Gregory Peck and Elvis to the sex bombs of the Fifties, including Jayne Mansfield, Bridget Bardot and his own discovery 'Marilyn Monroe'. - A book with its own Glitter, Glamour and Sex appeal.
Corticothalamic phase synchrony and cross-frequency coupling predict human memory formation (2014)

The anterior thalamic nucleus (ATN) is thought to play an important role in a brain network involving the hippocampus and neocortex, which enables human memories to be formed. However, its small size and location deep within the brain have impeded direct investigation in humans with non-invasive techniques. Here we provide direct evidence for a functional role for the ATN in memory formation from rare simultaneous human intrathalamic and scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings from eight volunteering patients receiving intrathalamic electrodes implanted for the treatment of epilepsy, demonstrating real-time communication between neocortex and ATN during successful memory encoding. Neocortical-ATN theta oscillatory phase synchrony of local field potentials and neocortical-theta-to-ATN-gamma cross-frequency coupling during presentation of complex photographic scenes predicted later memory for the scenes, demonstrating a key role for the ATN in human memory encoding.
Optimal trajectories of open-chain mechanical systems: Explicit optimality equation with multiple shooting solution (2002)

This paper addresses the problem of finding globally optimal trajectories of multi-degree-of-freedom open-chain systems while minimizing integral cost functionals. The contributions of this paper are: (i) explicit optimality equations in terms of inertia matrix and potential energy of the system, (ii) compatability conditions on the terminal conditions of the system consistent with the cost functional, (iii) robust computational procedure for solving the two-point boundary value problem in differential-algebraic equations using multiple shooting method, and (iv) an integrated software for dynamic optimization and simulation of open-chain systems.
Low-NA single-mode LMA photonic crystal rod fiber amplifier (2011)

Enabling Single-Mode (SM) operation in Large-Mode-Area (LMA) fiber amplifiers and lasers is critical, since a SM output ensures high beam quality and excellent pointing stability. In this paper, we demonstrate and test a new design approach for achieving ultra-low NA SM rod fibers by using a spatially Distributed Mode Filter (DMF). This approach achieves SM performance in a short and straight rod fiber and allows preform tolerances to be compensated during draw. A low-NA SM rod fiber amplifier having a mode field diameter of ~60&#956;m at 1064nm and a pump absorption of 27dB/m at 976nm is demonstrated.
An efficient transmission framework of digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB) systems (2004)

DMB is a newly upcoming standard in Korea, which has been recently drafted and is ready to be verified in order to deploy mobile multimedia broadcasting services to the public. Employed on the Eureka-147 DAB system basis, this system incorporates the MPEG-4 audiovisual codec, the MPEG-4 system, and the MPEG-2 system. However, the current approach for transporting MPEG-4 contents over the DMB network is not optimized for mobile TV services. To address this issue we propose an alternative framework by establishing a novel multiplexer called 'M4SMux' and replacing the MPEG-2 system layer, which gives advantages like (1) overhead reduction, and (2) implementation of a light and simple DMB system. The performance of the proposed architecture is shown by the comparison of simulation results in respect of the overhead.
Ductal origin of pancreatic adenocarcinomas induced by conditional activation of a human Ha- ras oncogene in rat pancreas (2006)

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is one of the most debilitating malignancies in humans. Currently, radiation and chemotherapy are ineffective, with median survival times after treatment of <12 months. Animal models that reflect the human condition and can be used to explore screening and therapeutic approaches are clearly desirable. One feature of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma is an exceedingly high frequency of K-ras mutation. The present study was conducted to determine if targeted activation of a human oncogenic-ras transgene in rat pancreas would induce carcinomas correspondent to human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas. We established transgenic (Hras250) rats in which expression of a human Ha-rasG12V oncogene is regulated by the Cre/lox system. Targeted pancreatic activation of the transgene was accomplished by injection of Cre-carrying adenovirus into the pancreatic ducts and acini through the common bile duct. Adenoviral infection of injected animals was exclusive to the pancreas; infected cells could be identified in duct, intercalated duct, centroacinar and, less frequently, acinar cells, but not in endocrine islet cells. Four weeks after injection, proliferative lesions in the duct epithelium, intercalated ducts and centroacinar cells, but not acinar cells, were widespread. Tumorigenesis in other tissues was not observed. Most lesions, including atypical duct proliferative lesions, PanIN-like lesions and carcinomas, were positive for cytokeratins 19 and 7, cyclooxygenase 2 and MMP-7 but negative for amylase and chymotrypsin. Many adenocarcinoma lesions were positive for EGF and EGFR. Duct epithelial and atypical duct proliferative lesions and carcinoma lesions were all positive for transduced Ha-rasG12V oncogene expression. The cytogenesis of pancreatic ductal type carcinoma was depicted. This model exhibits important similarities to the human disease and promises to advance our understanding of the behavior of pancreas adenocarcinomas and expedite screening and therapy.
Autosomal dominant syndrome of lipid neuromyopathy with normal carnitine (1985)

A family (mother and two sons) have had lifelong muscle weakness and intolerance to fatty food. Histochemistry of muscle biopsies of all three patients demonstrated increased lipids in type I muscle fibers and type II muscle fiber atrophy and paucity. Electronmicroscopy of muscle revealed increased lipids, abnormal mitochondria, and increased lipofuscin granules. Electronmicroscopy of sural nerve showed inclusions in most of the Schwann cell cytoplasm, with lipid droplets, zebra bodies, lipofuscin granules, and abnormal mitochondria. Carnitine and CPT I and II levels were normal in serum and muscle. Treatment with long-chain fatty-acid-free diet resulted in remarkable clinical improvement and in decrease of lipid droplets in the muscle. This dietary program may be useful in other forms of lipid myopathy.
High-performance iridium oxide/platinum nano-leaf composite coatings on microelectrodes for neural stimulation/recording (2017)

A novel platinum (Pt) nano-leaf interfacial layer between the Pt substrate and iridium oxide (IrO<sub>x</sub>) coating, significantly reduced impedance and increased cathodic charge storage capacity (CSC<sub>c</sub>) for neural microelectrodes. Combining the advantages of both materials, herein a lower impedance and higher CSC<sub>c</sub> of IrO<sub>x</sub>/Pt nano-leaf composite coatings than each simple coating was fabricated with nanoscale roughness. Furthermore, it demonstrated excellent mechanical and electrochemical stability, which was beneficial for effective neural stimulation/recording in various applications.
Thermophysical Properties of Conjugated Polyelectrolytes (2008)

The thermophysical properties of cationic conjugated polymers and oligomers are characterized, and the extent of hygroscopicity is explored. The rate of moisture absorption, water affinity, and water content are important properties to consider for incorporation into optoelectronic devices. Guidelines for controlling water absorption via molecular design are also provided.
A 0.18μm CMOS Bluetooth frequency synthesizer for integration with a Bluetooth SOC reference platform (2004)

Bluetooth is a communications standard targeting shortrange wireless communications with data rates of 1Mb/s at 10m distance. To encourage Canadian universities to pursue this commercially promising standard the Canadian Microelectronics Corporation is providing the intellectual property for a Bluetooth SOC Reference Platform. This platform does not currently include an RF transceiver core. This work describes a research effort made at the University of Calgary to build a compatible RF transceiver core in a CMOS 0.18/spl mu/m process. A brief Bluetooth specification translation process is presented. A pilot PCB Bluetooth frequency synthesizer is presented together with specific measurements made at NEWT, TRLabs' new test and measurement facility. Finally, a fully integrated Bluetooth frequency synthesizer implemented in a CMOS 0.18/spl mu/m process is presented.
A New Trihaloimidazole Derivative S-377 with a High Fumigant Efficacy against the Pyrethroid-Resistant Colony of the German Cockroach, Blattella germanica(Dictyoptera:Blattellidae) (1992)

A new trihaloimidazole derivative S-377 [1-(4-chlorobutyloxymethyl)-2, 4, 5-trichloro-imidazole] showed high insecticidal activities against pyrethroid-resistant (O-colony) German cockroach Blattella germanica and physical and chemical properties appropriate for an active ingredient of heating fumigant. Consequently, this compound presented remarkable lethal and knockdown efficacy, comparable to that of methoxadiazone and permethrin, against the O-colony by three types of heating fumigant formulation in wider chambers. As for the mode of actions, S-377 showed low inhibitory effect on acertylcholine esterase in the German cockroach. According to electrophysiological study, this compound induced bursts of spontaneous firing on the abdominal nerve cord of German cockroaches, which continued for 60 min after the application. These results suggests that the central nervous system of German cockroaches is affected by this compound in a certain manner different from that of organophosphates, carbamates and pyrethroids. At least three possible modes of action have been suggested: (1) inhibitory actions on inhibitory systems, (2) inhibitory action on inactivating system of Na channels in a manner different from that of pyrethroids, and (3) facilitation of the excitatory system including the stimulation of excitatory synaptic transmission.
Learn to Place: FPGA Placement Using Reinforcement Learning and Directed Moves (2020)

Simulated Annealing (SA) is widely used in FPGA placement either as a standalone algorithm or a refinement step after initial analytical placement. SA-based placers have been shown to achieve high-quality results at the cost of long runtimes. In this paper, we propose an improvement of SA-based placement using directed moves and Reinforcement Learning (RL). The proposed directed moves explore the solution space more efficiently than traditional random moves, and target both wirelength and timing optimizations. The RL agent further improves efficiency by dynamically selecting the most effective move types as optimization progresses. Taken together, these enhancements allow more efficient exploration of the large solution space than traditional annealing. Experimental results on the VTR benchmark suite show that our technique outperforms the widely-used VTR 8 placer across a wide range of CPU-quality trade-off points, achieving 5-11% reduced wirelength and comparable or shorter critical path delays in a given runtime, or 33-50% shorter runtimes for a target quality point.
Activity Coefficients of Electrons and Holes in Semiconductors with a Parabolic Density of States (1986)

A general method for derivation of activity coefficient expressions for electrons and holes in semiconductors with a parabolic density of states is presented. Explicit expressions are given that include the effects of Fermi‐Dirac statistics and expressions for bandgap narrowing found in the literature. Bandgap narrowing terms associated with electron‐hole interactions are shown to be constrained by the requirement of thermodynamic consistency. Expressions for the activity coefficients are derived such that they are functions of carrier concentration, with the effects of dopant concentration included in the expression for the product. The activity coefficient expressions obtained in this way for the majority carriers are compared with the literature. Minority carrier activity coefficients were found to deviate significantly from unity due to a shift in the minority carrier bandedge associated with electron‐hole interactions.
Improved operational stability of cell-free glucose-fructose oxidoreductase fromZymomonas mobilis for the efficient synthesis of sorbitol and gluconic acid in a continuous ultrafiltration membrane reactor (1997)

For the continuous, enzymatic synthesis of sorbitol and gluconic acid by cell-free glucose-fructose oxidoreductase (GFOR) from Zymomonas mobilis, the principal determinants of productivity have been identified. Most important, the rapid inactivation of the soluble enzyme during substrate conversion can be avoided almost completely when weak bases such as tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethan or imidazol are used for the titration of the produced gluconic acid and when 5-10 mM dithiothreitol are added to prevent thiol oxidations. With regard to a long-term operational stability of the enzyme for continuous syntheses, thermal deactivation becomes significant at reaction temperatures above 30 degrees C. Without any additional purification being required, the crude cell extract of Z. mobilis can be employed in a continuous ultrafiltration membrane reactor over a time period of more than 250 h without significant decrease in substrate conversion or enzyme activity. The use of soluble GFOR thus appears to be an interesting alternative to employing permeabilized cells of Zymomonas for the production of sorbitol and gluconic acid and may be superior with regard to reactor productivities, at comparable operational stabilities.
Characteristics of influenza virus genome mutations. (2012)

Although the viral factors of host adaptation from domestic poultry to humans have been studied several times since the first cases of direct transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses from domestic poultry to humans were confirmed in 1997, the host-specific adaptation mechanisms from waterfowl to domestic poultry remain unknown. To study the mechanisms involved, a waterfowl-derived virus was passaged in a chicken fibroblast cell line. This passaged virus was found to have much higher growth titer than that of the original virus and several mutations were discovered in its genome. One of the most characteristics was an increase of the polymorphism of the internal genes. In addition, the general applicability of this property to the field isolates of influenza A viruses by database sequences analysis was confirmed, with the smallest amount of amino acid polymorphism in viral internal proteins observed in waterfowl-derived viruses, more in domestic poultry and the most in human-derived viruses. Although specific amino acid changes conserved in human-derived viruses were found, such amino acid changes were not observed in poultry-derived viruses.
Exploring the Flap Pocket of the Antimalarial Target Plasmepsin II: The “55 % Rule” Applied to Enzymes (2007)

The flap pocket of plasmepsin II was examined in terms of molecular recognition properties. It was found that n-alkyl chains of different length bind best to this cavity when the packing coefficient is around 0.55, and it is suggested that the chains adopt their conformation in order to fill the available space properly. The concept of ideal volume occupancy previously demonstrated for synthetic guest–host systems has been applied to an enzyme environment. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2452/2008/z700236_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A triboelectric wind turbine for small-scale energy harvesting (2016)

This paper deals with a rotational energy harvester including a Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT), a cylindrical stator covered by several electrodes, and thin Teflon dielectric membranes hung on the rotor. The sliding contact of the Teflon membranes on the stator provides simultaneously large capacitance variations and a polarization source for the electrostatic converter by exploiting triboelectric phenomena. 1μW has been harvested at 4m/s; 130μW at 10m/s and 550μW at 20m/s with a 40mmØ device. In order to validate the energy harvesting chain, the airflow energy harvester has been connected to a power management circuit implementing Synchronous Electric Charge Extraction (SECE) to supply a wireless sensor node with temperature and acceleration measurements, transmitted to a computer at 868MHz.
Transoral Robotic Surgery (2007)

Radical tonsillectomy using TORS is a new technique that offers excellent access for resection of carcinomas of the tonsil with acceptable acute morbidity. Future reports will focus on long-term oncologic and functional outcomes.
Efficient training techniques for classification with vast input space (2003)

Strategies to efficiently train a neural network for an aerospace problem with a large multidimensional input space are developed and demonstrated. The neural network provides classification for over 100,000,000 data points. A query-based strategy is used that initiates training using a small input set, and then augments the set in multiple stages to include important data around the network decision boundary. Neural network inversion and oracle query are used to generate the additional data, jitter is added to the query data to improve the results, and an extended Kalman filter algorithm is used for training. A causality index is discussed as a means to reduce the dimensionality of the problem based on the relative importance of the inputs.