gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Understanding user daily mobility using mobile and wearable sensing systems (2016)

Recent technological advances and the ever-greater developments in sensing and computing continue to provide new ways of understanding our daily mobility. Smart devices such as smartphones or smartwatches can, for instance, provide an enhanced user experience based on different sets of built-in sensors that follow every user action and identify its environment. Monitoring solutions such as these, which are becoming more and more common, allow us to assess human behavior and movement at different levels. In this article, we focus on the concept of human mobility. With the participation of 13 individuals, we carried out an experiment to discover how groups of sensors currently available in smartphones and smartwatches can help to distinguish different profiles and patterns of human mobility. We show that it is possible to use not only motion sensors but also physiological sensors and environmental data provided, for instance, by Wi-Fi. Finally, detailed study of these categories enables us to offer a way of representing the mobility of individual users, based on anonymized traces and graph theory.
Discrete Geometric Optimal Control on Lie Groups (2011)

We consider the optimal control of mechanical systems on Lie groups and develop numerical methods that exploit the structure of the state space and preserve the system motion invariants. Our approach is based on a coordinate-free variational discretization of the dynamics that leads to structure-preserving discrete equations of motion. We construct necessary conditions for optimal trajectories that correspond to discrete geodesics of a higher order system and develop numerical methods for their computation. The resulting algorithms are simple to implement and converge to a solution in very few iterations. A general software implementation is provided and applied to two example systems: an underactuated boat and a satellite with thrusters.
High Interobserver Agreement for the Standardized Reporting System SSTR-RADS 1.0 on Somatostatin Receptor PET/CT (2020)

Recently, a standardized framework system for interpreting somatostatin receptor (SSTR)-targeted PET/CT, termed the SSTR reporting and data system (RADS) 1.0, was introduced, providing reliable standards and criteria for SSTR-targeted imaging. We determined the interobserver reliability of SSTR-RADS for interpretation of <sup>68</sup>Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT scans in a multicentric, randomized setting. <b>Methods:</b> A set of 51 randomized <sup>68</sup>Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT scans was independently assessed by 4 masked readers with different levels of experience (2 experienced readers and 2 inexperienced readers) trained on the SSTR-RADS 1.0 criteria (based on a 5-point scale from 1 [definitively benign] to 5 [high certainty that neuroendocrine neoplasia is present]). For each scan, SSTR-RADS scores were assigned to a maximum of 5 target lesions (TLs). An overall scan impression based on SSTR-RADS was indicated, and interobserver agreement rates on a TL-based, on an organ-based, and on an overall SSTR-RADS score-based level were computed. The readers were also asked to decide whether peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) should be considered on the basis of the assigned RADS scores. <b>Results:</b> Among the selected TLs, 153 were chosen by at least 2 readers (all 4 readers selected the same TLs in 58 of 153 [37.9%] instances). The interobserver agreement for SSTR-RADS scoring among identical TLs was good (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] ≥ 0.73 for 4, 3, and 2 identical TLs). For lymph node and liver lesions, excellent interobserver agreement rates were derived (ICC, 0.91 and 0.77, respectively). Moreover, the interobserver agreement for an overall scan impression based on SSTR-RADS was excellent (ICC, 0.88). The SSTR-RADS-based decision to use PRRT also demonstrated excellent agreement, with an ICC of 0.80. No significant differences between experienced and inexperienced readers for an overall scan impression and TL-based SSTR-RADS scoring were observed (<i>P</i> ≥ 0.18), thereby suggesting that SSTR-RADS seems to be readily applicable even for less experienced readers. <b>Conclusion:</b> SSTR-RADS-guided assessment demonstrated a high concordance rate, even among readers with different levels of experience, supporting the adoption of SSTR-RADS for trials, clinical routine, or outcome studies.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF CYCLOPHANES DERIVED FROM 1‐AMINO‐3,7‐DIALKYL‐4‐METHYLNAPHTHALENES (1980)

Abstract 1,6‐Diphenyl‐hexan (Ia) wird zu (Ib) diacetyliert und dann mit Bernsteinsäureester zu (II) kondensiert.
Photochemical Microreactors in Photonic Crystal Fibers (2012)

Hollow-core photonic crystal fiber offers new possibilities for sensing and photochemistry applications. In this paper we review our recent achievements on liquid-phase photochemical microreactors using photonic crystal fibers and discuss our future prospects in this field.
Profiling humoral autoimmune repertoire of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) patients and development of a disease‐associated protein chip (2006)

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a myocardial disease characterized by progressive depression of myocardial contractile function and ventricular dilatation. Thirty percent of DCM patients belong to the inherited genetic form; the rest may be idiopathic, viral, autoimmune, or immune-mediated associated with a viral infection. Disturbances in humoral and cellular immunity have been described in cases of myocarditis and DCM. A number of autoantibodies against cardiac cell proteins have been identified in DCM. In this study, we have profiled the autoantibody repertoire of plasma from DCM patients against a human protein array consisting of 37,200 redundant, recombinant human proteins and performed qualitative and quantitative validation of these putative autoantigens on protein microarrays to identify novel putative DCM specific autoantigens. In addition to analyzing the whole IgG autoantibody repertoire, we have also analyzed the IgG3 antibody repertoire in the plasma samples to study the characteristics of IgG3 subclass antibodies. By combining screening of a protein expression library with protein microarray technology, we have detected 26 proteins identified by the IgG antibody repertoire and 6 proteins bound by the IgG3 subclass. Several of these autoantibodies found in plasma of DCM patients, such as the autoantibody against the Kv channel-interacting protein, are associated with heart failure.
Genepool Variation in Genus Glycine Subgenus Soja Revealed by Polymorphic Nuclear and Chloroplast Microsatellites (1996)

A combination of nuclear and chloroplast simple sequence repeats (SSRs) have been used to investigate the levels and pattern of variability detected in Glycine max and G. soja genotypes. Based on the analysis of 700 soybean genotypes with 115 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) probes, 12 accessions were identified that represent 92% of the allelic variability detected in this genepool. These 12 core genotypes together with a sample of G. max and G. soja accessions were evaluated with 11 nuclear SSRs that detected 129 alleles. Compared with the other G. max and G. soja genotypes sampled, the core genotypes represent 40% of the allelic variability detected with SSRs. Despite the multi-allelic nature of soybean SSRs, dendrograms representing phenetic relationships between accessions clustered according to their subspecies origin. In addition to biparentally inherited nuclear SSRs, two uniparentally (maternally) transmitted chloroplast SSRs were also studied. A total of seven haplotypes were identified, and diversity indices of 0.405 +/- 0.088 and 0.159 +/- 0.071 were obtained for the two chloroplast SSRs. The availability of polymorphic SSR loci in the chloroplast genome provides new opportunities to investigate cytonuclear interactions in plants.
ChemInform Abstract: Rearrangement of 4‐Perfluoroalkyl Quinols. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Postdeposition Annealing Effect on Cu2ZnSnS4Thin Films Grown at Different Substrate Temperature (2014)

Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 (CZTS) thin films were deposited on top of Molybdenum (Mo) coated soda lime glass (SLG) substrates using a single target rf magnetron sputtering technique. The sputtering parameters such as base pressure, working pressure, rf power, argon (Ar) gas flow rate, and deposition time were kept consistent throughout the experiment. The effect of different substrate temperatures, for example, room temperature (RT), 300°C, 350°C, 370°C, 400°C, and 450°C, was analyzed by studying their structural, electrical, and optical properties. As-sputtered films were then annealed at 460°C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement revealed the structure to be kesterite with peak of (112) plane in both annealed and as-sputtered CZTS thin films. The crystallinity of the films improved with the increasing substrate temperature until 370°C. Secondary phases of MoS 2 ,<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Cu</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>MoS</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Cu</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>SnS</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Cu</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:mtext>S</mml:mtext></mml:math>, and Cu 6 MoSnS 8 (hemusite) were also observed in the annealed CZTS films. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows crystallite size of deposited CZTS thin film to be proportionally related to deposition temperature. The highest surface roughness of 67.318 nm is observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The conductivity type of the films was found to be p-type by Hall effect measurement system.
New Parvovirus Associated with Serum Hepatitis in Horses after Inoculation of Common Biological Product (2018)

Equine serum hepatitis (i.e., Theiler's disease) is a serious and often life-threatening disease of unknown etiology that affects horses. A horse in Nebraska, USA, with serum hepatitis died 65 days after treatment with equine-origin tetanus antitoxin. We identified an unknown parvovirus in serum and liver of the dead horse and in the administered antitoxin. The equine parvovirus-hepatitis (EqPV-H) shares <50% protein identity with its phylogenetic relatives of the genus Copiparvovirus. Next, we experimentally infected 2 horses using a tetanus antitoxin contaminated with EqPV-H. Viremia developed, the horses seroconverted, and acute hepatitis developed that was confirmed by clinical, biochemical, and histopathologic testing. We also determined that EqPV-H is an endemic infection because, in a cohort of 100 clinically normal adult horses, 13 were viremic and 15 were seropositive. We identified a new virus associated with equine serum hepatitis and confirmed its pathogenicity and transmissibility through contaminated biological products.
CD variations from nontrivial mask-related factors (2002)

Mask critical dimension (CD) control relies on advanced write tools and resist processes. However, a specified write tool and process does not necessarily guarantee high mask quality. As the mask feature size shrinks to below 500 nm, there are other mask-related factors that can also significantly affect the mask performance. This paper discusses the impact of those non-trivial factors, such as mask writing tool and process control, calibration of mask CD metrology, blank quality of attenuated phase shift mask (ATPSM), pellicle degradation due to 193 nm laser irradiation, and profile of mask features, etc.
Learning Robotic Assembly Tasks with Lower Dimensional Systems by Leveraging Physical Softness and Environmental Constraints (2020)

In this study, we present a novel control framework for assembly tasks with a soft robot. Typically, existing hard robots require high frequency controllers and precise force/torque sensors for assembly tasks. The resulting robot system is complex, entailing large amounts of engineering and maintenance. Physical softness allows the robot to interact with the environment easily. We expect soft robots to perform assembly tasks without the need for high frequency force/torque controllers and sensors. However, specific data-driven approaches are needed to deal with complex models involving nonlinearity and hysteresis. If we were to apply these approaches directly, we would be required to collect very large amounts of training data. To solve this problem, we argue that by leveraging softness and environmental constraints, a robot can complete tasks in lower dimensional state and action spaces, which could greatly facilitate the exploration of appropriate assembly skills. Then, we apply a highly efficient model-based reinforcement learning method to lower dimensional systems. To verify our method, we perform a simulation for peg-in-hole tasks. The results show that our method learns the appropriate skills faster than an approach that does not consider lower dimensional systems. Moreover, we demonstrate that our method works on a real robot equipped with a compliant module on the wrist.
Hydrogen Production with Mixed Protonic-Electronic Conducting Perovskite Membranes (2007)

Abstract not Available.
Sorption behavior in polymers above Tg: Relations between mechanical properties and swelling in limonene (2005)

Abstract The sorption behavior of two highly swelling “rubbery” polymers, natural rubber and polyethylene, has been studied. The polymers are in many aspects very different. Yet, when the solute mass uptake, in this case limonene, is plotted as a function of the square root of time, both polymers show similar “sigmoidal”‐types of curves. This triggered the research to determine what mechanisms were responsible for the observed similarities and if the degree in sigmoidal behavior and swelling anisotropy could be easily assessed explicitly by any mechanical parameter. It was found that their degrees of swelling anisotropy, described by a solute‐surface‐concentration relaxation time, could be explained by their relative bulk moduli. It was assumed that the ratio in bulk modulus at zero pressure, determined from compression measurements, could represent the ratio in expansion bulk modulus during swelling. However, the prediction in swelling anisotropy during sorption using the ratio in bulk modulus was slightly less successful when the swelling anisotropy was quantified as the relative ratio of sheet thickness to cross‐sectional area side length. It should be noted that the ratio in uniaxial tensile modulus between polyethylene and natural rubber was several orders of magnitude higher than their ratio in swelling anisotropy. The natural rubber sheet became saddle‐shaped during limonene sorption and collapsed into a flat shape when the saturation concentration was approached. During desorption, the sheet went from flat to cup‐shaped and then flat again at the end of desorption. The saddle and cup shapes occurred in both square and round sheets. These shapes are believed to be a consequence of buckling and deformation due to instabilities in the stress state of the sheet. This was, in turn, explained by the normally existing local variation in cross‐link density. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 45:1194–1202, 2005. © 2005 Society of Plastics Engineers
Metamaterial Cell for B1+ Field Manipulation at 9.4T MRI (2014)

Many techniques have been developed to improve magnitude and homogeneity of B1+ field at high field MRI. In order to manipulate B1+ field, we have designed one cell metamaterial (MM) plate. When proposed material was placed between RF transmit coil and phantom, B1+ magnitude and homogeneity significantly improved. Measured results show over 100 increase of B1+ magnitude in specific area in the case when box monopole antenna was used as a transmitter. When small loop antenna was used as a transmitter, there was zero B1+ field without MM plate and significant B1+ when MM plate was inserted.
TETRIS (2017)

The high accuracy of deep neural networks (NNs) has led to the development of NN accelerators that improve performance by two orders of magnitude. However, scaling these accelerators for higher performance with increasingly larger NNs exacerbates the cost and energy overheads of their memory systems, including the on-chip SRAM buffers and the off-chip DRAM channels. This paper presents the hardware architecture and software scheduling and partitioning techniques for TETRIS, a scalable NN accelerator using 3D memory. First, we show that the high throughput and low energy characteristics of 3D memory allow us to rebalance the NN accelerator design, using more area for processing elements and less area for SRAM buffers. Second, we move portions of the NN computations close to the DRAM banks to decrease bandwidth pressure and increase performance and energy efficiency. Third, we show that despite the use of small SRAM buffers, the presence of 3D memory simplifies dataflow scheduling for NN computations. We present an analytical scheduling scheme that matches the efficiency of schedules derived through exhaustive search. Finally, we develop a hybrid partitioning scheme that parallelizes the NN computations over multiple accelerators. Overall, we show that TETRIS improves mthe performance by 4.1x and reduces the energy by 1.5x over NN accelerators with conventional, low-power DRAM memory systems.
Cellular Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)–Protective Factors: A Comparison of HIV‐Exposed Seronegative Female Sex Workers and Female Blood Donors in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire (2003)

Cellular factors that may protect against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were investigated in 27 HIV-exposed seronegative (ESN) female sex workers (FSWs) and 27 HIV-seronegative female blood donors. Compared with blood donors, ESN FSWs had significantly decreased expression levels of C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), but not of C-C chemokine receptor 5, on both memory (P<.001) and naive (P=.041) CD4(+) T cells. CXCR4 down-regulation was associated with prolonged duration of commercial sex work by ESN FSWs. CD38 expression on CD8(+) T cells was significantly increased among ESN FSWs, compared with that among blood donors (P=.017). There were no differences in HLA-DR and CD62L expression between blood donors and ESN FSWs. Proportions of T cells producing the beta-chemokines RANTES (regulated on activation, normally T cell-expressed and -secreted), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha, and MIP-1beta or the cytokines interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, interferon-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, were similar in the 2 groups. These data indicate that ESN FSWs differ from HIV-seronegative female blood donors with respect to immunological factors that have no clear protective potential against HIV transmission.
Automatic Face Classification of Cushing's Syndrome in Women - A Novel Screening Approach (2013)

In this preliminary analysis we found a good classification accuracy of Cushing's syndrome by face classification software. Testing accuracy is comparable to that of currently employed screening tests.
Creating Better Action Plans for Writing Tasks via Vocabulary-Based Planning (2018)

While having a step-by-step breakdown for a task-an action plan-helps people complete tasks, prior work has shown that people prefer not to make action plans for their own tasks. Getting planning support from others could be beneficial, but it is limited by how much domain knowledge people have about the task and how available they are. Our goal is to incorporate the benefits of having action plans in the complex domain of writing, while mitigating the time and effort costs of creating plans. To mitigate these costs, we introduce a vocabulary-a finite set of functions pertaining to writing tasks-as a cognitive scaffold that enables people with necessary context (e.g. collaborators) to generate action plans for others. We develop this vocabulary by analyzing 264 comments, and compare plans created using it with those created without any aid, in an online study with 768 comments (N=145) and a lab study with 96 comments (N=8). We show that using a vocabulary reduces planning time and effort and improves plan quality compared to unstructured planning, and opens the door for automation and task sharing for complex tasks.
Effects of Dealumination and Desilication of Beta Zeolite on Catalytic Performance in n-Hexane Cracking (2016)

Catalytic cracking of n-hexane to selectively produce propylene on Beta zeolite was carried out. The H-Beta (HB) (Si/Al = 77) zeolite showed higher catalytic stability and propylene selectivity than the Al-rich HB (Si/Al = 12), due to its smaller number of acid sites, especially Lewis acid sites (LAS). However, catalytic stability and propylene selectivity in high n-hexane conversions were still not satisfactory. After dealumination with HNO3 treatment, catalytic stability was improved and propylene selectivity during high n-hexane conversions was increased. On the other hand, catalytic stability was not improved after desilication with NaOH treatment, although mesopores were formed. This may be related to the partially destroyed structure. However, propylene selectivity in high n-hexane conversions was increased after alkali treatment. We successfully found that the catalytic stability was improved and the propylene selectivity in high n-hexane conversions was further increased after the NaOH treatment followed by HNO3 treatment. This is due to the decrease in the number of acid sites and the increase in mesopores which are beneficial to the diffusion of coke precursor.
Variable exposure time imaging for obtaining unblurred HDR images (2016)

Abstract In this paper, we propose a new camera and a new imaging technique for obtaining unblurred high-dynamic-range (HDR) images. In this camera, we achieve pixelwise control of exposure parameters by using a liquid crystal on silicon. In particular, we can control not only the amount of exposure but also the exposure time pixel by pixel. We call the imaging as variable exposure time imaging. By using the variable exposure time imaging, we can suppress motion blur of bright regions. In addition, we propose a motion blur recovering method from variable exposure time images for obtaining more distinct images including darker regions. Experimental results show our method can take a clear HDR image even if the target object moves in HDR scene.