gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Small-Molecule Oligosaccharyltransferase Inhibitor with Pan-flaviviral Activity (2017)

The mosquito-borne flaviviruses include important human pathogens such as dengue, Zika, West Nile, and yellow fever viruses, which pose a serious threat for global health. Recent genetic screens identified endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-membrane multiprotein complexes, including the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex, as critical flavivirus host factors. Here, we show that a chemical modulator of the OST complex termed NGI-1 has promising antiviral activity against flavivirus infections. We demonstrate that NGI-1 blocks viral RNA replication and that antiviral activity does not depend on inhibition of the N-glycosylation function of the OST. Viral mutants adapted to replicate in cells deficient of the OST complex showed resistance to NGI-1 treatment, reinforcing the on-target activity of NGI-1. Lastly, we show that NGI-1 also has strong antiviral activity in primary and disease-relevant cell types. This study provides an example for advancing from the identification of genetic determinants of infection to a host-directed antiviral compound with broad activity against flaviviruses.
Signal-to-noise Monte-Carlo analysis of base material decomposed CT projections (2006)

The noise transfer properties of the water/bone base-material decomposition method has been analyzed. For typical CT projections of bone attenuators with lengths l <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> = 0 ... 4.5 cm embedded into 30 cm of attenuating water length, the SNR loss compared to the native CT data is in the range of a factor 3 to 10. Especially the bone coefficient suffers from inferior SNR performance. This is due to the numerical structure of the inversion of the projection formula to integrated water and bone coefficients.
Deposition of Cu barrier and seed layers with atomic layer control (2003)

The paper describes the atomic layer chemical vapor deposition (ALCVD/spl trade/) technique for manufacturing the Cu barrier and seed layers. In addition a novel and simple method for the removal of CuO from the bottom of the via is presented. The main emphasis of the paper is on the ALCVD/spl trade/ growth mechanisms and on the compatibility of barrier layer deposition with low-k materials and Cu metal.
Treatment of transthyretin (TTR) amyloid cardiomyopathy with an antisense oligonucleotide inhibitor of TTR synthesis (2015)

Background While transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis is usually characterized by peripheral and autonomic neuropathy, a majority of patients also have evidence of restrictive cardiomyopathy. In addition, amyloid cardiomyopathy may occur in the elderly without the presence of a mutant form of TTR. Both the hereditary and wild-type TTR amyloidosis are characterized by progressive restrictive cardiomyopathy. The disease usually progresses over a five to ten year period from time of diagnosis to demise from congestive heart failure. At present there are ongoing pharmaceutical studies to suppress the synthesis of TTR by the liver using antisense oligonucleotides or siRNA. Both types of agents have been shown to be effective in lowering blood levels of TTR but efficacy measured by inhibition of progression of disease has not yet been established. The present study is an investigator sponsored Phase-2 study to determine the safety and tolerability of an ISIS generation 2.0 antisense oligonucleotide in patients with moderate to advanced TTR cardiomyopathy.
Business Transformation Workbench: A Practitioner's Tool for Business Transformation (2008)

Business transformation is a key management initiative that attempts to align people, process and technology of an enterprise more closely with its business strategy and vision. It is an essential part of the competitive business cycle. Existing consulting methods and tools do not address issues such as scalability of methodology, knowledge management, asset reuse, and governance well, to name a few. This paper presents business transformation workbench, a practitioner's tool for business transformation addressing these problems. It implements a methodical approach that was devised to analyze business transformation opportunities and make business cases for transformation initiatives and thereby provides decision-support to the consultants. It provides an intuitive way to evaluate and understand various opportunities in staff and IT consolidation and process standardization. It embodies structured analytical models, both qualitative and quantitative, to enhance the consultants' practices. BT workbench has been instantiated with data from finance management domain and applied to address a client situation as a case study. An alpha testing of the tool was conducted with about dozen practitioners. 90% of the consultants who tested the BT workbench tool felt that the tool would help them do a better job during a client engagement. The tool is currently being piloted with customer engagements in a large IT consulting organization.
Design of Variable-Load Class-E Inverter Using Laplace Based Steady-State Modeling (2022)

Conventional class-E inverters that utilize large “choke” input inductors can only achieve zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) over a small range of load resistances. However, class-E inverters with finite input inductance can maintain ZVS over a wide range of loads. This paper introduces a design methodology for finite-input-inductance class-E inverters that achieve ZVS over a wide load range while having minimum circulating current. This methodology is based on an accurate analytical steady-state model of class-E inverters, which is derived using a recently proposed approach called Laplace Based Steady-State Modeling (LBSM). Unlike conventional analytical models, the LBSM-based accurate model enables precise selection of the input inductance for the class-E inverter. A 1.32MHz class-E inverter prototype designed using the proposed methodology is built and shown to achieve ZVS over a wide range of load resistances.
A study of morphological edge enhancement by double structuring element for ultrasound B-mode images (2005)

We discuss new adaptive morphological operations using double structuring elements (DSEs) and apply them to boundary enhancement of ultrasound B-mode images with speckle pattern. The DSE is a combination of two different structuring elements. The DSE yields an edge-sharpening effect, changing with the local characteristics of the input image. A general single structuring element does not have the sharpening function. Our method improves contrast around the tissue boundary without speckle emphasis and does not generate overshoot nor undershoot around the boundary. We demonstrate its effectiveness in experiments using breast cancer images.
Lithium/Silver Vanadium Oxide Batteries for Implantable Defibrillators (1988)

Lithium/silver vanadium oxide (SVO) batteries have been under development in these laboratories since 1980. The system consists of a lithium anode, a liquid organic electrolyte, a cathode composed of conductive additives, a binder, and silver vanadium oxide, a vanadium oxide bronze produced by the thermal decomposition of vanadium oxide and silver nitrate. High rate batteries for implantable cardiac defibrillators based on this chemistry have been under development since 1984. The first Li/SVO defibrillator battery introduced was the Model 8512 with a theoretical capacity of 5.5 Ah and dimensions of 52 mm X 33 mm X 13.5 mm. Later, the Model 8615 was introduced. This cell has a theoretical capacity of 3.0 Ah and dimensions of 52 mm X 21 mm X 13.5 mm. Two other cells which are proprietary have also been introduced. All of the cells can deliver pulses of up to 2.0 amps from a microampere background. The self-discharge of the cells has been shown to be less than 2% per year. In addition, the silver vanadium oxide chemistry provides a discharge curve whose voltage decreases with depth of discharge. This feature can be used as a state-of-charge indicator. The cells have been subjected to rigorous environmental and abuse testing and have been found to have characteristics suitable for implantable applications.
HOBIT. Un concept innovant pour la transformation des pratiques pédagogiques en physique (2022)

La transformation des pratiques pédagogiques est devenue une nécessité pour faciliter l’accès au savoir d’étudiants qui ont du mal à comprendre les concepts abstraits ainsi que les modèles physiques et les outils mathématiques sous-jacents. Dans ce contexte, nous avons conçu, développé et évalué le dispositif HOBIT, destiné à soutenir l’apprentissage des connaissances fondamentales et des compétences techniques dans le domaine de l’optique, grâce au couplage d’une simulation numérique et d’une manipulation d’objets physiques dans un environnement hybride de réalité augmentée tangible. Nous présentons ici notre démarche de conception et la manière dont HOBIT, dont le concept pourrait être étendu à d’autres disciplines de la physique, a d’ores et déjà modifié nos pratiques pédagogiques.
Interference management in wireless cellular networks (2013)

In wireless networks, there is an ever-increasing demand for higher system throughputs, along with growing expectation for all users to be available to multimedia and Internet services. This is especially difficult to maintain at the cell-edge. Therefore, a key challenge for future orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA)-based networks is inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC). With full frequency reuse, small inter-site distances (ISDs), and heterogeneous architectures, coping with co-channel interference (CCI) in such networks has become paramount. Further, the needs for more energy efficient, or “green,” technologies is growing. In this light, Uplink Interference Protection (ULIP), a technique to combat CCI via power reduction, is investigated. By reducing the transmit power on a subset of resource blocks (RBs), the uplink interference to neighbouring cells can be controlled. Utilisation of existing reference signals limits additional signalling. Furthermore, cell-edge performance can be significantly improved through a priority class scheduler, enhancing the throughput fairness of the system. Finally, analytic derivations reveal ULIP guarantees enhanced energy efficiency for all mobile stations (MSs), with the added benefit that overall system throughput gains are also achievable. Following this, a novel scheduler that enhances both network spectral and energy efficiency is proposed. In order to facilitate the application of Pareto optimal power control (POPC) in cellular networks, a simple feasibility condition based on path gains and signal-to-noise-plus- interference ratio (SINR) targets is derived. Power Control Scheduling (PCS) maximises the number of concurrently transmitting MSs and minimises their transmit powers. In addition, cell/link removal is extended to OFDMA operation. Subsequently, an SINR variation technique, Power SINR Scheduling (PSS), is employed in femto-cell networks where full bandwidth users prohibit orthogonal resource allocation. Extensive simulation results show substantial gains in system throughput and energy efficiency over conventional power control schemes. Finally, the evolution of future systems to heterogeneous networks (HetNets), and the consequently enhanced network management difficulties necessitate the need for a distributed and autonomous ICIC approach. Using a fuzzy logic system, locally available information is utilised to allocate time-frequency resources and transmit powers such that requested rates are satisfied. An empirical investigation indicates close-to-optimal system performance at significantly reduced complexity (and signalling). Additionally, base station (BS) reference signals are appropriated to provide autonomous cell association amongst multiple co-located BSs. Detailed analytical signal modelling of the femto-cell and macro/pico-cell layouts reveal high correlation to experimentally gathered statistics. Further, superior performance to benchmarks in terms of system throughput, energy efficiency, availability and fairness indicate enormous potential for future wireless networks.
Brownian motion of magnetic domain walls and skyrmions, and their diffusion constants (2018)

Extended numerical simulations enable us to ascertain the diffusive behavior at finite temperatures of chiral walls and skyrmions in ultrathin model Co layers exhibiting symmetric---Heisenberg---as well as antisymmetric---Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya---exchange interactions. The Brownian motion of walls and skyrmions is shown to obey markedly different diffusion laws as a function of the damping parameter. Topology related skyrmion diffusion suppression with vanishing damping parameter, albeit already documented, is shown to be restricted to ultrasmall skyrmion sizes or, equivalently, to ultralow damping coefficients, possibly hampering observation.
A Novel α9 Integrin Ligand, XCL1/Lymphotactin, Is Involved in the Development of Murine Models of Autoimmune Diseases (2017)

The integrin α9β1 is a key receptor involved in the development of autoimmune diseases. However, the detailed mechanism for the association of α9β1 integrin with its ligands remains unclear. In this study, we introduce XCL1/lymphotactin, a member of the chemokine family, as a novel ligand for α9 integrin. Using α9 integrin-overexpressing NIH3T3 cells and endogenously α9 integrin-expressing human rhabdomyosarcoma cells, the interaction between XCL1 and α9 integrin was confirmed by pull-down assays. XCL1 enhanced α9 integrin-dependent cell migration of these cells, thus acting on α9 integrin as a chemoattractant. We also analyzed the in vivo function of XCL1 in the development of anti-type II collagen Ab-induced inflammatory arthritis (CAIA) in BALB/c mice and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in C57BL/6 mice, because α9 integrin is involved in these autoimmune disease models. In CAIA, recombinant XCL1 aggravated the disease and this exacerbation was inhibited by an anti-α9 integrin Ab. An XCL1-neutralizing Ab produced in this study also ameliorated CAIA. Furthermore, the XCL1-neutralizing Ab abrogated the disease progression in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Therefore, to our knowledge this study provides the first in vitro and in vivo evidence that the interaction between XCL1 and α9 integrin has an important role for autoimmune diseases.
Design and synthesis of novel rigid dibenzo[ b,f ]azepines through ring closure technique as promising anticancer candidates against leukaemia and acting as selective topoisomerase II inhibitors and DNA intercalators (2023)

In this research, two novel series of dibenzo[<i>b,f</i>]azepines (14 candidates) were designed and synthesised based on the rigidification principle and following the reported doxorubicin's pharmacophoric features. The anti-proliferative activity was evaluated at the NCI against a panel of 60 cancer cell lines. Further, the promising candidates (<b>5a-g</b>) were evaluated for their ability to inhibit topoisomerase II, where <b>5e</b> was noticed to be the most active congener. Moreover, its cytotoxicity was evaluated against leukaemia SR cells. Also, <b>5e</b> arrested the cell cycle at the G1 phase and increased the apoptosis ratio by 37.34%. Furthermore, <i>in vivo</i> studies of <b>5e</b> showed the inhibition of tumour proliferation and the decrease in its volume. Histopathology and liver enzymes were examined as well. Besides, molecular docking, physicochemical, and pharmacokinetic properties were carried out. Finally, a SAR study was discussed to open the gate for further optimisation of the most promising candidate (<b>5e</b>).HighlightsTwo novel series of dibenzo[<i>b,f</i>]azepines were designed and synthesised based on the rigidification principle in drug design.The anti-proliferative activity was evaluated at the NCI against a panel of 60 cancer cell lines.<b>5e</b> was the most active anti-topo II congener (IC<sub>50</sub> = 6.36 ± 0.36 µM).<b>5e</b> was evaluated against leukaemia SR cells and its cytotoxic effect was confirmed (IC<sub>50</sub> = 13.05 ± 0.62 µM).<i>In vivo</i> studies of <b>5e</b> significantly inhibited tumour proliferation by 62.7% and decreased tumour volume to 30.1 mm<sup>3</sup> compared to doxorubicin treatment.
Distributed Stochastic Optimization in Networks With Low Informational Exchange (2021)

We consider a distributed stochastic optimization problem in networks with finite number of nodes. Each node adjusts its action to optimize the global utility of the network, which is defined as the sum of local utilities of all nodes. While Gradient descent method is a common technique to solve such optimization problem, the computation of the gradient may require much information exchange. In this paper, we consider that each node can only have a noisy numerical observation of its local utility, of which the closed-form expression is not available. This assumption is quite realistic, especially when the system is either too complex or constantly changing. Nodes may exchange partially the observation of their local utilities to estimate the global utility at each timeslot. We propose a distributed algorithm based on stochastic perturbation, under the assumption that each node has only part of the local utilities of the other nodes. We use stochastic approximation tools to prove that our algorithm converges almost surely to the optimum, given that the objective function is smooth and strictly concave. The convergence rate is also derived, under the additional assumption of strongly concave objective function. It is shown that the convergence rate scales as O(K <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-0.5</sup> ) after a sufficient number of iterations K > K <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> , which is the optimal rate order in terms of K for our problem. Although the proposed algorithm can be applied to general optimization problems, we perform simulations for a typical power control problem in wireless networks and present numerical results to corroborate our claims.
Collage (2010)

We present Collage, a software application designed for classroom presentations for school teachers in the developing world. An in-depth investigation of teaching practices in several schools in India led us to believe that a simple tool that enabled the display of images and textbook materials while facilitating blackboard-like interactions would be very helpful for these teachers. Collage is a simple media viewer with a small number of features that enables teachers to prepare lessons with little overhead and then present them in classrooms with maximum flexibility. The tool was piloted in three schools in suburban India for use in real-world classroom teaching. All teachers who used Collage uniformly praised it, and students' learning of visual concepts seemed to improve through it. Interestingly, some teachers continue to use the tool now for their own teaching needs and have spontaneously shared it with colleagues from other schools.
Expression of SRP-9001 dystrophin and stabilization of motor function up to 2 years post-treatment with delandistrogene moxeparvovec gene therapy in individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (2023)

<b>Introduction:</b> Delandistrogene moxeparvovec (SRP-9001) is an investigational gene transfer therapy designed for targeted expression of SRP-9001 dystrophin protein, a shortened dystrophin retaining key functional domains of the wild-type protein. <b>Methods:</b> This Phase 2, double-blind, two-part (48 weeks per part) crossover study (SRP-9001-102 [Study 102]; NCT03769116) evaluated delandistrogene moxeparvovec in patients, aged ≥4 to <8 years with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Primary endpoints (Part 1) were change from baseline (CFBL) in SRP-9001 dystrophin expression (Week 12), by Western blot, and in North Star Ambulatory Assessment (NSAA) score (Week 48). Safety assessments included treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). Patients were randomized and stratified by age to placebo (n = 21) or delandistrogene moxeparvovec (n = 20) and crossed over for Part 2. <b>Results:</b> SRP-9001 dystrophin expression was achieved in all patients: mean CFBL to Week 12 was 23.82% and 39.64% normal in Parts 1 and 2, respectively. In Part 1, CFBL to Week 48 in NSAA score (least-squares mean, LSM [standard error]) was +1.7 (0.6) with treatment versus +0.9 (0.6) for placebo; <i>p</i> = 0.37. Disparity in baseline motor function between groups likely confounded these results. In 4- to 5-year-olds with matched baseline motor function, CFBL to Week 48 in NSAA scores was significantly different (+2.5 points; <i>p</i> = 0.0172), but not significantly different in 6-to-7-year-olds with imbalanced baseline motor function (-0.7 points; <i>p</i> = 0.5384). For patients treated with delandistrogene moxeparvovec in Part 2, CFBL to Week 48 in NSAA score was +1.3 (2.7), whereas for those treated in Part 1, NSAA scores were maintained. As all patients in Part 2 were exposed to treatment, results were compared with a propensity-score-weighted external control (EC) cohort. The LSM difference in NSAA score between the Part 2 treated group and EC cohort was statistically significant (+2.0 points; <i>p</i> = 0.0009). The most common TRAEs were vomiting, decreased appetite, and nausea. Most occurred within the first 90 days and all resolved. <b>Discussion:</b> Results indicate robust expression of SRP-9001 dystrophin and overall stabilization in NSAA up to 2 years post-treatment. Differences in NSAA between groups in Part 1 were not significant for the overall population, likely because cohorts were stratified only by age, and other critical prognostic factors were not well matched at baseline.
Compressive information acquisition with hardware impairments and constraints: A case study (2017)

Compressive information acquisition is a natural approach for low-power hardware front ends, since most natural signals are sparse in some basis. Key design questions include the impact of hardware impairments (e.g., nonlinearities) and constraints (e.g., spatially localized computations) on the fidelity of information acquisition. Our goal in this paper is to obtain specific insights into such issues through modeling of a Large Area Electronics (LAE)-based image acquisition system. We show that compressive information acquisition is robust to stochastic nonlinearities, and that appropriately designed spatially localized computations are effective, by evaluating the performance of reconstruction and classification based on the information acquired.
A new paradigm for alkene epoxidation (1994)

Diphenylphosphinic anhydride and certain other organophosphorus electrophiles mediate the high-yield conversion of alkenes to epoxides by hydrogen peroxide in buffered aqueous tetrahydrofuran.