gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gas-Condensate Flow in Perforated Regions (2007)

Summary The most crucial region with regard to affecting well productivity is the perforated region. Considerable effort has been directed to study this subject mathematically by many investigators, but they have been mainly focused on single-phase flow, while two-phase flow has received less attention. It has been demonstrated, first by Danesh et al. (1994) and subsequently by other researchers (Henderson et al. 1995; Blom et al. 1997; Ali et al. 1997), that the gas and condensate relative permeability (kr) can increase significantly by increasing the flow rate, contrary to the common understanding. This effect, known as positive coupling, complicates the flow of gas and condensate near the wellbore even further when it competes with the inertial forces at higher velocities typical of those around perforation tips. The flow of gas and condensate in the perforated region was studied in this work using a finite-element modeling approach. The model allows for changes in fluid properties and accounts for the positive coupling and negative inertial effects using a fractional-flow-based relative-permeability correlation. A sensitivity analysis on the impact of perforation characteristics such as density, phasing, length, and radius as well as that of fluid properties, rock characteristics, wellbore radius, fractional flow, and rate on well productivity was conducted, resulting in some valuable practical guidelines for optimum perforation design. Introduction The effect of perforation characteristics on the well flow efficiency has been studied by many investigators. Muskat presented the first analytical treatment of the problem (1943). In his analysis, perforations were represented by mathematical sinks distributed spirally around the wellbore but did not extend into the formation. Other early investigators used the finite-difference modeling technique to examine the productivity aspects of perforated completions (Harris 1966; Hong 1975). However, because of the limitations of the finite-difference method, these studies considered mostly unrealistic perforation geometries to avoid mathematical complexities. Later investigators applied the finite-element method, which models the geometry of the perforation with greater precision (Locke 1981; Tariq 1987). Tariq (1987) presented results of finite-element modeling of single-phase steady-state flow in perforated completions with and without the non-Darcy (inertial) effect for a linear core and a full 3D system. Although his results for single-phase flow are widely used, there are reports on lack of required accuracy at large perforation lengths and in the non-Darcy cases (Behie and Settari 1993; Jamiolahmady et al. 2006a).
The impact of graphene nano-plates on the behavior of novel conducting polyazomethine nanocomposites (2017)

Highly conducting polyazomethine/graphene nano-plate nanocomposites were easily fabricated, and their electrical conductivity values reach those of semiconductors.
Dynamical Analysis of Full-Range Cellular Neural Networks by Exploiting Differential Variational Inequalities (2007)

The paper considers the full-range (FR) model of cellular neural networks (CNNs) in the case where the neuron nonlinearities are ideal hard-comparator functions with two vertical straight segments. The dynamics of FR-CNNs, which is described by a differential inclusion, is rigorously analyzed by means of theoretical tools from set-valued analysis and differential inclusions. The fundamental property proved in the paper is that FR-CNNs are equivalent to a special class of differential inclusions termed differential variational inequalities. A sound foundation to the dynamics of FR-CNNs is then given by establishing the existence and uniqueness of the solution starting at a given point, and the existence of equilibrium points. Moreover, a fundamental result on trajectory convergence towards equilibrium points (complete stability) for reciprocal standard CNNs is extended to reciprocal FR-CNNs by using a generalized Lyapunov approach. As a consequence, it is shown that the study of the ideal case with vertical straight segments in the neuron nonlinearities is able to give a clear picture and analytic characterization of the salient features of motion, such as the sliding modes along the boundary of the hypercube defined by the hard-comparator nonlinearities. Finally, it is proved that the solutions of the ideal FR model are the uniform limit as the slope tends to infinity of the solutions of a model where the vertical segments in the nonlinearities are approximated by segments with finite slope.
Evaluation of liver stiffness with magnetic resonance elastography in patients with constrictive pericarditis: Preliminary findings (2015)

CP was associated with increased liver stiffness. The increased stiffness is most likely secondary to chronic hepatic venous congestion and/or fibrosis. MRE may be useful for noninvasive liver stiffness assessment in CP. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;44:81-88.
Simulation of the tribological behaviour of components and cutting tools by means of model wear testing (1995)

Abstract Modelling the wear test process can initiate real‐life friction and wear of components and cutting tools. In this paper we describe model wear tests that were developed to discover (a) whether or not simulation of the wear processes that occur during cutting is possible, and (b) how the wear of indexable inserts can be reduced by using thin hard coatings, e.g. TiN, (Ti,Al)N, Ti(C,N) when milling metallic materials. The real‐life wear of the track groups of various tracked vehicles was also investigated, in order to evaluate the wear resistance of certain materials.
Persona-ization: Searching on Behalf of Others (2015)

information retrieval tasks involve searching behalf others. Example scenarios include searching for a present to give a friend, trying to find cool clothes for a teenage child, looking for medical supplies for an elderly relative (1), or planning a group activity that many friends will enjoy. In this paper, we use demographically annotated web search logs to present a large-scale study such on behalf of searches. We develop an exploratory technique for recognizing such searches, and present information to describe and understand the phenomenon, including the demographics who is searching, who they are searching for and what topics.
Application of Directed Self‐Assembly Lithography to Semiconductor Device Manufacturing Process (2015)

SUMMARY Directed self‐assembly (DSA) lithography has recently entered the spotlight as one of the most promising new generation lithography candidates, with the potential for fabrication of semiconductor device patterns down to sub‐30 nm. In this report, the latest experimental and simulation results on the contact hole shrinking process using DSA are demonstrated.
Fractional contributions of microscopic diffusion mechanisms for common dopants and self-diffusion in silicon (1999)

An identical set of thermal oxidation and nitridation experiments has been performed for four common dopants and self-diffusion in Si. Selectively perturbing the equilibrium point-defect concentrations by these surface reactions is a powerful tool for identifying the relative importance of the various atomic-scale diffusion mechanisms. We obtain bounds on the fractional contributions of the self-interstitial, vacancy, and concerted exchange mechanisms for arsenic, boron, phosphorus, antimony, and self-diffusion in Si at temperatures of 1100 and 1000 °C. These bounds are found by simultaneously solving a system of equations making only very conservative assumptions. The validity of common approximations found in previous work and their effects on the results are also analyzed in detail. We find that B and P diffuse by a self-interstitial mechanism, whereas Sb diffusion is almost exclusively vacancy mediated. As and self-diffusion, on the other hand, exhibit evidence for a dual vacancy-interstitial mechanism with the possibility of some concerted exchange component.
Infill Optimization for Additive Manufacturing—Approaching Bone-Like Porous Structures (2017)

Porous structures such as trabecular bone are widely seen in nature. These structures are lightweight and exhibit strong mechanical properties. In this paper, we present a method to generate bone-like porous structures as lightweight infill for additive manufacturing. Our method builds upon and extends voxel-wise topology optimization. In particular, for the purpose of generating sparse yet stable structures distributed in the interior of a given shape, we propose upper bounds on the localized material volume in the proximity of each voxel in the design domain. We then aggregate the local per-voxel constraints by their p-norm into an equivalent global constraint, in order to facilitate an efficient optimization process. Implemented on a high-resolution topology optimization framework, our results demonstrate mechanically optimized, detailed porous structures which mimic those found in nature. We further show variants of the optimized structures subject to different design specifications, and we analyze the optimality and robustness of the obtained structures.
Indications and outcomes of radial head excision: A systematic review (2019)

Outcomes of radial head excision for acute fracture are good to excellent; however, it should not be performed when concurrent or ligamentous injuries are present. Although some studies compared excision to open reduction and internal fixation or replacement, more data are needed to make proper conclusions. The strength of these conclusions is limited by the quality of included literature.
A Fully Convolutional Network for Rectal Cancer Segmentation (2019)

In preoperative imaging, the demarcation of rectal cancer with magnetic resonance images provides an important basis for cancer staging and treatment planning. Recently, deep learning has greatly improved the state-of-the-art method in automatic segmentation. However, limitations in data availability in the medical field can cause large variance and consequent overfitting to medical image segmentation networks. In this study, we propose methods to reduce the model variance of a rectal cancer segmentation network by adding a rectum segmentation task and performing data augmentation; the geometric correlation between the rectum and rectal cancer motivated the former approach. Moreover, we propose a method to perform a bias-variance analysis within an arbitrary region-of-interest (ROI) of a segmentation network, which we applied to assess the efficacy of our approaches in reducing model variance. As a result, adding a rectum segmentation task reduced the model variance of the rectal cancer segmentation network within tumor regions by a factor of 0.90; data augmentation further reduced the variance by a factor of 0.89. These approaches also reduced the training duration by a factor of 0.96 and a further factor of 0.78, respectively. Our approaches will improve the quality of rectal cancer staging by increasing the accuracy of its automatic demarcation and by providing rectum boundary information since rectal cancer staging requires the demarcation of both rectum and rectal cancer. Besides such clinical benefits, our method also enables segmentation networks to be assessed with bias-variance analysis within an arbitrary ROI, such as a cancerous region.
Effect of reagent rotation on product energy disposal in the light atom transfer reaction O(3P)+HCl(v=2,J=1,6,9)→OH(v′,N′)+Cl(2P) (1991)

A rovibronic-state-to-rovibronic-state experiment has been performed on the reaction O(3P)+HCl(v=2,J=1,6,9)→OH(v′,N′)+Cl(2P). The O(3P) atoms are produced with a known energy by photolysis of NO2. The HCl(v=2,J) molecules are prepared by IR excitation of thermal HCl using an optical parametric oscillator. All energetically accessible OH rovibrational product levels are probed by laser-induced fluorescence for each prepared HCl rotational level. The OH(v′=0,N′) rotational distribution shows a dip at N′=11, the depth of which decreases with increasing HCl rotational excitation. The available energy of reaction is partitioned so that 40% appears as OH vibration (V′), 32% as OH rotation (R′), and 28% as product translation (T′). This energy partitioning does not change with HCl rotation, in contrast to the general expectation for light atom transfer reactions of approximate conservation of internal angular momentum (R→R′). A substantial vibrational inversion is observed, in agreement with the vibrational adiabaticity (V→V′) expected for such reactions.
Practical Surgical Techniques for Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty. (2018)

Although total hip arthroplasty is an extremely successful procedure, the continual increase in the number of total hip arthroplasties that are performed is associated with the substantial burden of revision total hip arthroplasty. Modes of total hip arthroplasty failure include instability, aseptic loosening, infection, periprosthetic fracture, hardware failure, and component wear, all of which are indications for revision total hip arthroplasty. Surgeons must have a sound preoperative revision total hip arthroplasty plan and must be familiar with a variety of component removal and exposure techniques, such as the extended trochanteric osteotomy. Alternative surgical plan(s) and extra implants for reconstruction on both the acetabular and femoral sides should be available in anticipation of unexpected findings. Component removal and exposure techniques can be refined to avoid complications and achieve a successful outcome in patients who undergo revision total hip arthroplasty.
A novel differential VCO circuit design for USB Hub (2005)

The paper describes a novel differential Voltage Controlled Oscillator circuit, which is used in the phase locked loop of a USB hub chip. The output clock signals can be altered from 36MHz to 96MHz by changing the value of control signals. The Voltage Controlled Oscillator architecture, module circuits of Voltage Controlled Oscillator design, simulation results, and chip layout are included. Experimental results using CSMC 0.6um process technology show that the anticipatory performance can be obtained and the Voltage Controlled Oscillator circuit consumes only 0.9 mW from a 5V power supply.
Real-time tasking semantics working group (1989)

article Real-time tasking semantics working group Share on Author: John Goodenough Software Engineering Institute Software Engineering InstituteView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGAda Ada LettersVolume XIssue 4Spring 1990 pp 32–48https://doi.org/10.1145/91360.91368Online:01 May 1989Publication History 0citation130DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads130Last 12 Months1Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Modeling of electrostatically actuated fluid flow system for mixed-domain simulation (2015)

Modeling of an electrically driven fluid flow system for multi-domain simulation is reported. The electrically driven actuator force is considered by an actuator component model, based on a spring-mass-damper system with force balance formulation. The fluid flow model is developed on the basis of a Kirchhoffian network which is derived from the mass transport equation. The actuator and the fluid models are coupled through equivalent circuits, leading to a consistent approach of mixed-domain system simulation. This approach is applied to design a flexible blood pumping system where the blood flow is driven by electrical organic actuators. Modeled results are compared with 2D device simulation based on the finite element method.
Submicron Thermal Imaging of High Power Slab Coupled Optical Waveguide Laser (SCOWL) (2006)

Nonradiative power dissipation within and near the active region of a high power single mode slab coupled optical waveguide laser is directly measured by CCD-based thermoreflectance, including its variation with device bias. By examining the high spatial resolution temperature profile at the optical output facets, we quantify heat spreading from the source in the active region both downward to the substrate and upward to the metal top contact.
Iron Complexes Capped with Dendrimer-Appended Triazacyclononanes as the Novel Spatially Encumbered Models of Non-Heme Iron Proteins (2002)

Poly(benzyl ether) dendrimers with a 1,4,7-triazacyclononane (TACN) focal core (Ln(3)TACN, 2a-4a) and nondendritic L1(3)TACN (1a), upon reaction with FeCl(2), followed by NaOAc and NH(4)PF(6), afforded mononuclear iron(II) complexes [Fe(II)(eta(2)-OAc)(Ln(3)TACN)](+) (1b-4b), which were oxidized under O(2) to form dinuclear (mu-O)(mu-OAc)(2)diiron(III) complexes (1c-4c) in 54-74% isolated yields. The formation of 1c-4c obeyed second-order kinetics with respect to 1b-4b, respectively, where the observed rate constants (k(2)) were clearly dependent on the generation number of the dendritic substituents. Photoirradiation of 1c-4c in the presence of NaOAc gave diiron(II) complexes (1d-4d), which were reoxidized to 1c-4c by O(2), following first-order kinetics with respect to 1d-4d, respectively. The crystal structure of nondendritic 1cshowed that the diiron(III) center is surrounded by an aromatic wall of the six 3,5-dimethoxybenzyl substituents, while spectroscopic profiles of dendritic 2c-4c suggested that the geometries of their diiron(III) centers are little different from that of 1c. The diiron(III) center of the largest 4c was highly robust toward alkaline hydrolysis and also insulated electrochemically.
Entanglement Metrology Using a Joint Readout of Superconducting Qubits (2009)

Accurate and precise detection of multi-qubit entanglement is key for the experimental development of quantum computation. Traditionally, non-classical correlations between entangled qubits are measured by counting coincidences between single-shot readouts of individual qubits. We report entanglement metrology using a single detection channel with direct access to ensemble-averaged correlations between two superconducting qubits. Following validation and calibration of this joint readout, we demonstrate full quantum tomography on both separable and highly-entangled two-qubit states produced on demand. Using a subset of the measurements required for full tomography, we perform entanglement metrology with ~95% accuracy and ~98% precision despite ~10% fidelity of single measurements. For the highly entangled states, measured Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt operators reach a maximum value of 2.61+/-0.04 and entanglement witnesses give a lower bound of ~88% on concurrence. In its present form, this detector will be able to resolve future improvements in the production of two-qubit entanglement and is immediately extendable to 3 or 4 qubits.
A comprehensive simulation model of the performance of photochromic films in absorbance-modulation-optical-lithography (2016)

Optical lithography is the most prevalent method of fabricating micro-and nano-scale structures in the semiconductor industry due to the fact that patterning using photons is fast, accurate and provides high throughput. However, the resolution of this technique is inherently limited by the physical phenomenon of diffraction. Absorbance-Modulation-Optical Lithography (AMOL), a recently developed technique has been successfully demonstrated to be able to circumvent this diffraction limit. AMOL employs a dual-wavelength exposure system in conjunction with spectrally selective reversible photo-transitions in thin films of photochromic molecules to achieve patterning of features with sizes beyond the far-field diffraction limit. We have developed a finite-element-method based full-electromagnetic-wave solution model that simulates the photo-chemical processes that occur within the thin film of the photochromic molecules under illumination by the exposure and confining wavelengths in AMOL. This model allows us to understand how the material characteristics influence the confinement to sub-diffraction dimensions, of the transmitted point spread function (PSF) of the exposure wavelength inside the recording medium. The model reported here provides the most comprehensive analysis of the AMOL process to-date, and the results show that the most important factors that govern the process, are the polarization of the two beams, the ratio of the intensities of the two wavelengths, the relative absorption coefficients and the concentration of the photochromic species, the thickness of the photochromic layer and the quantum yields of the photoreactions at the two wavelengths. The aim of this work is to elucidate the requirements of AMOL in successfully circumventing the far-field diffraction limit.
Specifying polarimetric tolerances of a high-resolution imaging multiple-species atmospheric profiler (HiMAP) (2019)

The High-resolution Imaging Multiple-species Atmospheric Profiler (HiMAP) is an ultraviolet imaging spectro-polarimeter in development at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory for measuring O3 and NO2 concentrations in the troposphere from an airborne platform or satellite. In this paper: (1) the HiMAP design is illustrated and modeled using 3D polarization ray tracing calculus, (2) the dependency between the condition number of the systems polarization measurement matrix and properties of individual optical components is used as a method for tolerancing, and (3) the polarimeter capabilities of manufacturable thin film designs of polarizing and non-polarizing beam splitters is explored using numerical methods. The condition number of an optical system is calculated from a polarization ray tracing (PRT) matrix model of the polarimeter. Deviations of the condition number are calculated for non-ideal polarization elements and coatings to understand component and alignment tolerances.
Suppression of prostate cancer invasive potential and matrix metalloproteinase activity by E-cadherin transfection. (1999)

Our previous studies have demonstrated the heterogeneous expression of E-cadherin in a Dunning rat prostate tumor model. From this model, cloned E-cadherin-negative cells exhibited enhanced invasive and metastatic potential when compared with E-cadherin-positive cells. In this report, we examined the invasion suppressor function of E-cadherin in these prostate tumor cell clones. The E-cadherin gene was stably transfected into E-cadherin-negative Dunning clones. E-cadherin transfection resulted in the up-regulation of the three major catenins (alpha-, beta-, and gamma-catenin) and enhanced Ca2+-dependent cellular cohesiveness. Morphological analyses of E-cadherin transfectants revealed a reversion from a fibroblastic, motile phenotype to a more stationary epithelial phenotype. Matrix metalloproteinase 2, an important marker associated with invasive and metastatic potential, was reduced in all six stable transfected lines. A concomitant decrease in cellular invasiveness was observed, as assessed in vitro by the ability of the transfected cells to invade biological matrices. These results lend further support to the hypothesis that in this experimental system, E-cadherin plays a central role in reducing the cellular invasiveness of prostatic adenocarcinoma, due in part to the down-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase 2 activity. Moreover, the data shed additional light on the possible mechanisms involved in E-cadherin-dependent modulation of invasion.