gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HSTP (2007)

HTTP provides a mechanism to connect web sites. Almost all sites have a large amount of hypertext content that provides connection to other sites in the World Wide Web. The success of the WWW can be partly attributed to the seamlessly browsable web that is formed through this connectivity. However, navigation of hypermedia content through non-visual interfaces has not received as much attention. Specifically, telephony voice applications offer immense usability and penetration benefits and can act as alternate information access and delivery mechanisms. Connectivity across voice applications poses interesting and novel challenges. In this paper, we define Hyperspeech as a voice fragment in a voice application that is a hyperlink to a voice fragment in another voice application. Further, we present Hyperspeech Transfer Protocol (HSTP) - a protocol to seamlessly connect telephony voice applications. HSTP enables the users to browse across voice applications by navigating the Hyperspeech content in a voice application. HSTP can also be used for developing cross-enterprise applications that allow a user to transact across two or more voice applications.
Spotlight on Genetic Kidney Diseases: A Call for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine Solutions (2023)

Nanoparticles as drug delivery carriers have benefited diseases, including cancer, since the 1990s, and more recently, their promise to quickly and efficiently be mobilized to fight against global diseases such as in the COVID-19 pandemic have been proven. Despite these success stories, there are limited nanomedicine efforts for chronic kidney diseases (CKDs), which affect 844 million people worldwide and can be linked to a variety of genetic kidney diseases. In this Perspective, we provide a brief overview of the clinical status of genetic kidney diseases, background on kidney physiology and a summary of nanoparticle design that enable kidney access and targeting, and emerging technological strategies that can be applied for genetic kidney diseases, including rare and congenital kidney diseases. Finally, we conclude by discussing gaps in knowledge remaining in both genetic kidney diseases and kidney nanomedicine and collective efforts that are needed to bring together stakeholders from diverse expertise and industries to enable the development of the most relevant drug delivery strategies that can make an impact in the clinic.
Comprehensive monitoring of cardiac remodeling with aortic stroke volume values provided by a phase-contrast MRI sequence (2016)

The determination of aortic SV with a phase-contrast sequence leads to a significant enhancement in the characterization and monitoring of cardiac remodeling.
Resistance of Phaseolus species to ice crystallization at subzero temperature (2004)

Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars possess little or no freezing tolerance and are killed at the temperature of ice formation in their tissues. An increase in frost tolerance by 2-3 degrees C would expand dry bean production in the short growing seasons of the Canadian prairies and possibly to higher altitudes in the tropics where episodic frosts occur during the growing season. The objective of this study was to determine the differences in frost resistance of Phaseolus species in both controlled and field environments. Leaflets of dry bean cv. CDC Nighthawk, and wild relatives from the primary gene pool (P. vulgaris var. mexicanus Freytag and P. vulgaris var. aborigineus (Burkart) Baudet) and the tertiary gene pool (P. acutifolius var. tenuifolius A. Gray, P. filiformis Bentham, P. angustissimus A. Gray and P. ritensis M.E. Jones) were subjected to subzero temperatures with and without ice nucleation to determine the levels of tolerance and avoidance, respectively. The lethal temperature at which 50% of the leaflets were killed (LT(50)) was 0.5-1 degrees C lower for species of the tertiary gene pool compared to those from the primary gene pool. Leaflets of species from the tertiary gene pool were also characterized by extensive supercooling compared to leaflets of species from the primary gene pool. Resistance of Phaseolus species to spring and autumn frosts were determined on seedlings transplanted to the field. Phaseolus angustissimus, a species of the tertiary gene pool had the highest seedling survival in response to both autumn and spring frosts, when the minimum air temperatures were -5 and -7 degrees C, respectively. Frost resistance of Phaseolus angustissimus, if successfully introgressed into bean germplasm, may enable the development of frost resistant dry bean cultivars.
Crosslinked polyimide foams derived from poly(imidepropylene oxide) copolymers (1997)

Abstract A new route for the synthesis of high glass transition temperature, thermally stable polymer foams has been developed, using compositionally asymmetric microphase‐separated block copolymers where the minor component (poly(propylene oxide)) is thermally labile and the major component (polyimide) is thermally stable. The minor component decomposes to low molecular weight species upon heating, and the decomposition products diffuse out of the film, leaving behind pores embedded in a matrix of the thermally stable component. In this study, the polyimide block was crosslinked with ethynyl functionalities to obtain a stable porous structure. The decomposition of the propylene oxide in the block copolymer was studied by thermogravimetric, dynamic mechanical and thermomechanical analyses. Mild conditions were required to avoid rapid depolymerization of the propylene oxide and plasticization of the polyimide matrix. The foams showed pore sizes with diameters up to a micrometer in size as well as the expected reduction in the mass density.
Reasoning about multiple faults (1986)

In the dynamic field of radiopharmaceuticals, innovating targeted agents for cancer diagnosis and therapy is crucial. Our study enriches this evolving landscape by evaluating the potential of radioiodinated anastrozole ([<sup>125</sup>I]anastrozole) and radioiodinated epirubicin ([<sup>125</sup>I]epirubicin) as targeting agents against MTHFD2-driven tumors. MTHFD2, which is pivotal in one-carbon metabolism, is notably upregulated in various cancers, presenting a novel target for radiopharmaceutical application. Through molecular docking and 200 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we assess the binding efficiency and stability of [<sup>125</sup>I]anastrozole and [<sup>125</sup>I]epirubicin with MTHFD2. Molecular docking illustrates that [<sup>125</sup>I]epirubicin has a superior binding free energy (∆<i>G</i><sub>bind</sub>) of -41.25 kJ/mol compared to -39.07 kJ/mol for [<sup>125</sup>I]anastrozole and -38.53 kJ/mol for the control ligand, suggesting that it has a higher affinity for MTHFD2. MD simulations reinforce this, showing stable binding, as evidenced by root mean square deviation (RMSD) values within a narrow range, underscoring the structural integrity of the enzyme-ligand complexes. The root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) analysis indicates consistent dynamic behavior of the MTHFD2 complex upon binding with [<sup>125</sup>I]anastrozole and [<sup>125</sup>I]epirubicin akin to the control. The radius of gyration (RG) measurements of 16.90 Å for MTHFD2-[<sup>125</sup>I]anastrozole and 16.84 Å for MTHFD2-[<sup>125</sup>I]epirubicin confirm minimal structural disruption upon binding. The hydrogen bond analysis reveals averages of two and three stable hydrogen bonds for [<sup>125</sup>I]anastrozole and [<sup>125</sup>I]epirubicin complexes, respectively, highlighting crucial stabilizing interactions. The MM-PBSA calculations further endorse the thermodynamic favorability of these interactions, with binding free energies of -48.49 ± 0.11 kJ/mol for [<sup>125</sup>I]anastrozole and -43.8 kJ/mol for MTHFD2-. The significant contribution of Van der Waals and electrostatic interactions to the binding affinities of [<sup>125</sup>I]anastrozole and [<sup>125</sup>I]epirubicin, respectively, underscores their potential efficacy for targeted tumor imaging and therapy. These computational findings lay the groundwork for the future experimental validation of [<sup>125</sup>I]anastrozole and [<sup>125</sup>I]epirubicin as MTHFD2 inhibitors, heralding a notable advancement in precision oncology tools. The data necessitate subsequent in vitro and in vivo assays to corroborate these results.
Validation of Wireless Power Transfer up to 11kW Based on SAE J2954 with Bench and Vehicle Testing (2019)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) promises automated and highly efficient charging of electric and plug-in-hybrid vehicles. As commercial development proceeds forward, the technical challenges of efficiency, interoperability, interference and safety are a primary focus for this industry.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The SAE Vehicle Wireless Power and Alignment Taskforce published the Recommended Practice J2954 to help harmonize the first phase of high-power WPT technology development. SAE J2954 uses a performance-based approach to standardizing WPT by specifying ground and vehicle assembly coils to be used in a test stand (per Z-class) to validate performance, interoperability and safety. The main goal of this SAE J2954 bench testing campaign was to prove interoperability between WPT systems utilizing different coil magnetic topologies. This type of testing had not been done before on such a scale with real automaker and supplier systems. Several automakers, suppliers and government employees worked together to create a test plan, perform the testing and analyze the results.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;To evaluate the interoperability, performance, and electromagnetic emissions of this technology, a bench test program was created, supported by the SAE J2954 WPT and Alignment Taskforce along with the US Department of Energy's Idaho National Lab and TDK North America. The latest tests were conducted between two different power classes (3.7 kW and 11kW) and two different coil magnetic topologies. This report describes the testing program and contains results from the different WPT systems. This testing validates the second stage of SAE J2954 standardization and proves that WPT is not only possible over an air gap with ground clearance of 250mm, but also interoperable across power classes and system designs while achieving high efficiency (many tests were above 90% AC to DC efficiency). In addition, susceptibility of representative medical devices to electromagnetic emissions from WPT systems was assessed. The results of this report are being used as a basis for the future SAE J2954 Standard.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Total Synthesis of (+)-7-Deoxypancratistatin and (+)-7-Deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine (1996)

The chiral and stereoselective synthesis of antimitotic phenanthridone alkaloids, (+)-7-deoxypancratistatin (1) and (+)-7-deoxytrans-dihydronarciclasine (2) is described.Both natural products were synthesized from the common compound (4), which had been prepared from D-glucose and employed for the synthesis of lycoricidine (3).The highly oxygenated phenanthridone alkaloids,l represented by pancratistatin?a7-deoxypancratistatin(1),2b 7-deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine (t)?c and lycoricidine (3)2d isolated from Amaryllidaceae plants are known to show wide range of biological activities such as antineoplastic,2c antivirus3 and plant growth regulatory activities.2bTheir interesting biological activity as well as challenging structures which embody four to six contiguous c h i d centers on the cyclohexane ring attracted much attention, and a number of synthetic study of these alkaloids have appeared to date.4.5 Very recently, asymmetric total syntheses of pancratistatin5b and 7-deoxypancratistatin5e.' have been reported.In this communication, we describe the chiral and stereoselective total synthesis of (+)-7-deoxypancratistatin (1) and (+)-7-deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine (2).Our synthetic tactic for the synthesis of 1 and 2 is based on the utilization of the common precursor (4), which had been effectively prepared from D- glucose and served as the key intermediate in our previous total synthesis of lycoricidine (3).5gHydrogenation of 4, which was prepared in an optically pure form from D-glucose% using Fenier's carbocyclization reaction6 and palladium catalyzed cyclization as the key steps, in the presence of Pd on
Reduced‐Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Based on YSZ Thin‐Film Electrolyte (1997)

A planar thin‐film solid oxide fuel cell has been fabricated with an inexpensive, scalable, technique involving colloidal deposition of yttria‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ) films on porous NiO‐YSZ substrates, yielding solid oxide fuel cells capable of exceptional power density at operating temperatures of 700 to 800°C. The thickness of the YSZ film deposited onto the porous substrate is approximately 10 μm after sintering, and is well bonded to the NiO/YSZ substrate. Ni‐YSZ/YSZ/LSM cells built with this technique have exhibited theoretical open‐circuit potentials (OCPs), high current densities, and exceptionally good power densities of over 1900 mW/cm2 at 800°C. Electrochemical characterization of the cells indicates negligible losses across the Ni‐YSZ/YSZ interface and minor polarization of the fuel electrode. Thin‐film cells have been tested for long periods of time (over 700 h) and have been thermally cycled from 650 to 800°C while demonstrating excellent stability over time.
Orientation‐Dependent Strain Relaxation and Chemical Functionalization of Graphene on a Cu(111) Foil (2018)

Epitaxial graphene grown on single crystal Cu(111) foils by chemical vapor deposition is found to be free of wrinkles and under biaxial compressive strain. The compressive strain in the epitaxial regions (0.25-0.40%) is higher than regions where the graphene is not epitaxial with the underlying surface (0.20-0.25%). This orientation-dependent strain relaxation is through the loss of local adhesion and the generation of graphene wrinkles. Density functional theory calculations suggest a large frictional force between the epitaxial graphene and the Cu(111) substrate, and this is therefore an energy barrier to the formation of wrinkles in the graphene. Enhanced chemical reactivity is found in epitaxial graphene on Cu(111) foils as compared to graphene on polycrystalline Cu foils for certain chemical reactions. A higher compressive strain possibly favors lowering the formation energy and/or the energy gap between the initial and transition states, either of which can lead to an increase in chemical reactivity.
Nanoencapsulation of Essential Oils as Natural Food Antimicrobial Agents: An Overview (2021)

The global demand for safe and healthy food with minimal synthetic preservatives is continuously increasing. Natural food antimicrobials and especially essential oils (EOs) possess strong antimicrobial activities that could play a remarkable role as a novel source of food preservatives. Despite the excellent efficacy of EOs, they have not been widely used in the food industry due to some major intrinsic barriers, such as low water solubility, bioavailability, volatility, and stability in food systems. Recent advances in nanotechnology have the potential to address these existing barriers in order to use EOs as preservatives in food systems at low doses. Thus, in this review, we explored the latest advances of using natural actives as antimicrobial agents and the different strategies for nanoencapsulation used for this purpose. The state of the art concerning the antibacterial properties of EOs will be summarized, and the main latest applications of nanoencapsulated antimicrobial agents in food systems will be presented. This review should help researchers to better choose the most suitable encapsulation techniques and materials.
Understanding Selectivity for the Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Formic Acid and Carbon Monoxide on Metal Electrodes (2017)

Increases in energy demand and in chemical production, together with the rise in CO2 levels in the atmosphere, motivate the development of renewable energy sources. Electrochemical CO2 reduction to fuels and chemicals is an appealing alternative to traditional pathways to fuels and chemicals due to its intrinsic ability to couple to solar and wind energy sources. Formate (HCOO–) is a key chemical for many industries; however, greater understanding is needed regarding the mechanism and key intermediates for HCOO– production. This work reports a joint experimental and theoretical investigation of the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to HCOO– on polycrystalline Sn surfaces, which have been identified as promising catalysts for selectively producing HCOO–. Our results show that Sn electrodes produce HCOO–, carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen (H2) across a range of potentials and that HCOO– production becomes favored at potentials more negative than −0.8 V vs RHE, reaching a maximum Faradaic efficiency of 70% at −0.9 V vs RHE. Scaling relations for Sn and other transition metals are examined using experimental current densities and density functional theory (DFT) binding energies. While *COOH was determined to be the key intermediate for CO production on metal surfaces, we suggest that it is unlikely to be the primary intermediate for HCOO– production. Instead, *OCHO is suggested to be the key intermediate for the CO2RR to HCOO– transformation, and Sn’s optimal *OCHO binding energy supports its high selectivity for HCOO–. These results suggest that oxygen-bound intermediates are critical to understand the mechanism of CO2 reduction to HCOO– on metal surfaces.
Intervertebral Disk Degeneration and Emerging Biologic Treatments (2011)

Although understanding of the biologic basis of intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration is rapidly advancing, the unique IVD environment presents challenges to the development and delivery of biologic treatments. Acceleration of cellular senescence and apoptosis in degenerative IVDs and the depletion of matrix proteins have prompted the development of treatments based on replacing IVD cells using various cell sources. However, this strategy has not been tested in animal models. IVD degeneration and associated pain have led to interest in pathologic innervation of the IVD and ultimately to the development of percutaneous devices to ablate afferent nerve endings in the posterior annulus. Degeneration leads to changes in the expression of matrix protein, cytokines, and proteinases. Injection of growth factors and mitogens may help overcome these degenerative changes in IVD phenotype, and these potential treatments are being explored in animal studies. Gene therapy is an elegant method to address changes in protein expression, but efforts to apply this technology to IVD degeneration are still at early stages.
Fluorometabolite Biosynthesis and the Fluorinase from Streptomyces cattleya (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A filterbank-based representation for classification and matching of fingerprints (2003)

We view fingerprints as oriented texture patterns, textures which exhibit an inherent and well-defined sense of directionality. Given a fingerprint image, we demonstrate that reliable translation and rotation invariant representations can be built based entirely on the inherent properties of the underlying fingerprint texture. We also illustrate that the representations thus derived are useful for robust discrimination of the fingerprints. In particular, we present the application of our novel representation scheme for solving the problems of fingerprint classification and matching on large datasets of fingerprint images acquired in real situations. The proposed scheme of generic representation for oriented textures relies on extracting one or more invariant frames of reference of the oriented texture based on an analysis of its orientation field. The fingerprint classification is based on a two-stage classifier which uses a K-NN classifier in its first stage and a set of neural network classifiers in its second stage.
Evaluation of oocyst shedding of Eimeria maxima and Eimeria acervulina in broiler chickens (2019)

espanolEl proposito del presente estudio fue evaluar el dia y la hora de recoleccion de la muestra de un desafio experimental con Eimeria maxima (EM) y Eimeria acervulina (EA) en pollos de engorde. Los pollos de engorde macho Cobb-Vantress de un dia de edad se asignaron aleatoriamente a uno de tres grupos con diez replicas (n = 8 pollos / replica). Los pollos se colocaron en jaulas de bateria con un entorno controlado apropiado para la edad: Grupo 1) Control negativo (sin desafio o tratamiento); 2) Control de desafio (solo desafio Eimeria); 3) Desafio + salinomicina. A los 14 dias de edad, los pollos fueron desafiados por via oral con el cultivo mixto de EM / EA (10,000 EM esporulados que contenian 4% de EA de tipo salvaje). Los parametros de rendimiento se registraron en los dias 7, 14, 20 y 23. Los puntajes de las lesiones se registraron post mortem en los dias 20 y 23. El oocisto por gramo (OPG) se realizo en los dias seis, siete y ocho despues del desafio, y muestras se recolectaron a las 9:00 a.m. y a las 6:00 p.m. de cada dia, respectivamente. Los recuentos de oocistos fueron significativamente diferentes (P EnglishThe purpose of the present study was to evaluate the day and the time of sample collection of an experimental challenge with Eimeria maxima (EM) and Eimeria acervulina (EA) in broiler chickens. Oneday old male Cobb-Vantress broiler chickens were randomly allocated to one of three groups with ten replicates (n=8 chickens/replicate). Chickens were placed in battery cages with a controlled ageappropriate environment: Group 1) Negative control (no challenge or treatment); 2) Challenge control (Eimeria challenge only); 3) Challenge + Salinomycin. Challenged chickens were orally gavaged with the mixed culture of EM/EA (10,000 sporulated EM containing 4% wild-type EA) at 14 days of age. Performance parameters were recorded at days 7, 14, 20, and 23. Lesions scores were recorded post-mortem on days 20 and 23. Oocyst per gram (OPG) was performed on days six, seven, and eight post-challenge, and samples were collected at 9:00 AM and 6:00 PM on each day, respectively. Oocyst counts were significantly different (P
Dynamic Resource Allocation in Multi-Service OFDMA Systems with Dynamic Queue Control (2011)

We consider the problem of resource allocation in downlink OFDMA systems for multi service and unknown environment. Due to users' mobility and intercell interference, the base station cannot predict neither the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of each user in future time slots nor their probability distribution functions. In addition, the traffic is bursty in general with unknown arrival. The probability distribution functions of the SNR, channel state and traffic arrival/density are then unknown. Achieving a multi service Quality of Service (QoS) while optimizing the performance of the system (e.g. total throughput) is a hard and interesting task since it depends on the unknown future traffic and SNR values. In this paper we solve this problem by modeling the multiuser queuing system as a discrete time linear dynamic system. We develop a robust H <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</sup> controller to regulate the queues of different users. The queues and Packet Drop Rates (PDR) are controlled by proposing a minimum data rate according to the demanded service type of each user. The data rate vector proposed by the controller is then fed as a constraint to an instantaneous resource allocation framework. This instantaneous problem is formulated as a convex optimization problem for instantaneous subcarrier and power allocation decisions. Simulation results show small delays and better fairness among users.