gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TWO SPECIES OF ENTOMOPHTHORA PATHOGENIC TO THE EASTERN HEMLOCK LOOPER (LEPIDOPTERA: GEOMETRIDAE) IN NEWFOUNDLAND (1973)

Abstract Two fungi, Entomophthora sphaerosperma and E . egressa , were collected and identified from larvae of the eastern hemlock looper, Lambdina f . fiscellaria (Guen.), in Newfoundland. These two fungi appear to play the most important role in the decline of looper infestations. Field trials indicate that the disease can be transmitted from laboratory-reared larvae artificially infected with the protoplast stage of E . egressa , to uninfected larvae. This suggests that infection may be established artificially within a population of the looper prior to the ’natural’ occurrence of the epizootic.
Virology on the Internet: the time is right for a new journal (2004)

Virology Journal is an exclusively on-line, Open Access journal devoted to the presentation of high-quality original research concerning human, animal, plant, insect bacterial, and fungal viruses. Virology Journal will establish a strategic alternative to the traditional virology communication process.
Controlling rare-earth ions in a nanophotonic resonator using the ac Stark shift (2018)

Rare-earth ions in crystals are one of the most promising platforms for building quantum technologies, such as quantum memories. Now, through the miniaturization of such systems in an on-chip nanophotonic resonator, the ac Stark shift due to a single photon can be used as a versatile way to control the ions.
Performance of 2.5 Gb/s and 10 Gb/s transient and adiabatic chirped directly modulated lasers using electronic dispersion compensation (2007)

For the first time to our knowledge we study the efficiency of electronic dispersion compensation when transient and adiabatic chirped directly modulated lasers operating at 2.5 Gbps and 10 Gbps are used. (2 pages)
A Strategy for Labeling Tumor Boundaries (2006)

We describe a method for labeling tumor boundaries using an enzyme active in the tumor boundary to crosslink a fluorescent-labeled substrate into the boundary. Preliminary in vitro assays are described.
Algorithm for Decentralized Cooperative Positioning of Multiple Autonomous Agents (2019)

One of the most essential prerequisites behind a successful task execution of a team of agents is to accurately estimate and track their poses. We consider a cooperative multi-agent positioning problem where each agent performs single-agent positioning until it encounters some other agent. Upon the encounter, the two agents measure their relative pose, and exchange particle clouds representing their poses. We propose a cooperative positioning algorithm which fuses the received information with the locally available measurements and infers an agent's pose within Bayesian framework. The algorithm is scalable to multiple agents, has relatively low computational complexity, admits decentralized implementation across agents, and imposes relatively mild requirements on communication coverage and bandwidth. The experiments indicate that the proposed algorithm considerably improves single-agent positioning accuracy, reduces the convergence time of a particle cloud and, unlike its single-agent positioning counterpart, exhibits immunity to an impeding feature-scarce and symmetric environment layout.
Inverse Opal Films for Medical Sensing: Application in Diagnosis of Neonatal Jaundice (2020)

A non-invasive, at-home test for neonatal jaundice can facilitate early jaundice detection in infants, improving clinical outcomes for neonates with severe jaundice and helping to prevent the development of kernicterus, a type of brain damage whose symptoms include hearing loss, impairment of cognitive capacity, and death. Here a photonic sensor that utilizes color changes induced by analyte infiltration into a chemically functionalized inverse opal structure is developed. The sensor is calibrated to detect differences in urinary surface tension due to increased bile salt concentration in urine, which is symptomatic of abnormal liver function and linked to jaundice. The correlation between neonatal urinary surface tension and excess serum bilirubin, the physiologic cause of neonatal jaundice, is explored. It is shown that these non-invasive sensors can improve the preliminary diagnosis of neonatal jaundice, reducing the number of invasive blood tests and hospital visits necessary for healthy infants while ensuring that jaundiced infants are treated in a timely manner. The use of inverse opal sensors to measure bulk property changes in bodily fluids can be extended to the detection of several other conditions, making this technology a versatile platform for convenient point-of-care diagnosis.
Surface charge decay on HTV silicone rubber: effect of material treatment by corona discharges (2012)

Surface charge decay on thick flat samples of high temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is studied prior and after ac and dc corona pre-treatments. It is found that the charge decay rate on the material exposed to ac corona becomes much higher and sensitive to moisture content in the surrounding air. These features are associated with an increased surface conductivity and formation of a silica-like layer on the polymeric surface, both resulting from ac corona treatment. In contrast, characteristics of the charge decay on the material exposed to dc corona are found to be similar to that measured on untreated samples.
Thioamide Derivative of the Potent Antitubercular 2-(Decylsulfonyl)acetamide is Less Active Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but a More Potent Antistaphylococcal Agent (2018)

Due to the prevalence of thioamides in antibacterial compounds, we chose to convert the amide in the antitubercular compound 2-(decylsulfonyl)acetamide to a thioamide using Lawesson’s reagent to study its activity against a range of microorganisms. This derivative (8) had significantly diminished activity against tuberculosis but slightly better activity than the parent compound against the Gram positive species Staphylococcus aureus. This activity against a second major pathogen is remarkable considering the structural simplicity of these compounds.
Multi-beam Laser Doppler Vibrometer with fiber sensing head (2012)

Laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV) is a well known technique to measure the motions, vibrations and mode shapes of structures and machine components. Photodetector-based LDV can only offer a point-wise measurement. However, it is possible to scan the laser beam to build up a vibrometric image. These scanning laser Doppler vibrometers (SLDV) assume that the measurement conditions remain invariant while multiple and identical, sequential measurements are performed. This assumption makes SLDVs impractical to do measurement on transient events. In this paper, we introduce a new method of generating multiple laser beams with different frequency shifts. The laser beams are projected on different points, and the reflected beams interfere with a common reference beam. The cross-talk among object beams can be bypassed with a proper selection of frequency shifts. A simultaneous vibration measurement on multiple points is realized using a single photodetector. Based on the proposed spatial-encoding technology, a self-synchronized prototype of fiber-based multipoint laser Doppler vibrometer at 1550nm wavelength is developed. An addition red pilot laser is used for aiming purpose. It has the flexibility to measure the vibration of different points on various surfaces. The prototype is used to measure the vibration of different points on a cantilever beam and a plate. The measured results match well with simulation results using finite element method (FEM).
Principal investigation for the application of structured light scanning for the measurement of thickness using differential measurement method (2018)

Abstract As an industrial approach, structured light scanning is an established technique to handle length measurement by using light as information carrier and a CCD sensor to acquire that data into the digital domain. By means of triangulation, contours can be scanned and initiating uniquely defined relative movements of the object add another dimension. So it is possible to scan surfaces as well. That technique is basically known by scientists and manufactures. However, the very high application diversity leads to problems that needs good engineering and interdisciplinary work. The aim of this paper is to explain how structured light scanning could deal with complex objects like elastic and quite flexible materials. To examine if that approach is principally possible and how uncertainties are scalable is the primary purpose. Furthermore, that fact and the measuring principle itself requires well-considered approaches in calibration, adjustment, data management until a needed construction to minimalize expansions and keep that system working stable within industrial environments.
Near-Isometric Binary Hashing for Large-scale Datasets (2016)

We develop a scalable algorithm to learn binary hash codes for indexing large-scale datasets. Near-isometric binary hashing (NIBH) is a data-dependent hashing scheme that quantizes the output of a learned low-dimensional embedding to obtain a binary hash code. In contrast to conventional hashing schemes, which typically rely on an $\ell_2$-norm (i.e., average distortion) minimization, NIBH is based on a $\ell_{\infty}$-norm (i.e., worst-case distortion) minimization that provides several benefits, including superior distance, ranking, and near-neighbor preservation performance. We develop a practical and efficient algorithm for NIBH based on column generation that scales well to large datasets. A range of experimental evaluations demonstrate the superiority of NIBH over ten state-of-the-art binary hashing schemes.
Effect of a Multiple-Micronutrient-Fortified Fruit Powder Beverage on the Nutrition Status, Physical Fitness, and Cognitive Performance of Schoolchildren in the Philippines (2003)

This study aimed to determine the effect of a multiple-micronutrient-fortified beverage on the micronutrient status, physical fitness, and cognitive performance of schoolchildren. The study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of schoolchildren assigned to receive either the fortified or nonfortified beverage with or without anthelmintic therapy. Data on hemoglobin level, urinary iodine excretion (UIE) level, physical fitness, and cognitive performance were collected at baseline and at 16 weeks post-intervention. The fortified beverage significantly improved iron status among the subjects that had hemoglobin levels &lt; 11 g/dl at baseline. The proportion of children who remained moderately to severely anemic was significantly lower among those given the fortified beverage. In the groups that received the fortified product, the median UIE level increased, whereas among those who received the placebo beverage, the median UIE level was reduced significantly. Iron- and/or iodine-deficient subjects who received the fortified beverage showed significant improvements in fitness (post-exercise reduction of heart rate) and cognitive performance (nonverbal mental ability score). The study showed that consumption of a multiple-micronutrient-fortified beverage for 16 weeks had significant effects on iron status, iodine status, physical fitness, and cognitive performance among iron- and/or iodine-deficient Filipino schoolchildren. Anthelmintic therapy improved iron status of anemic children and iodine status of the iron-adequate children at baseline but it had no effect on physical fitness and cognitive performance. The results from the clinical study showed that a multiple-micronutrient-fortified beverage could play an important role in preventing and controlling micronutrient deficiencies.
Heparins in Diabetic Microangiopathy: Rationale and Preliminary Clinical Results (1999)

It has been postulated, based upon epidemiological data, that genetic differences in the enzymes involved in the sulphation of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) side-chains of heparan sulphate (HS) proteoglycans are of crucial importance in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. An alteration in GAG metabolism is also believed to be responsible for the well-known co-occurrence of diabetic nephropathy and extrarenal micro- and macroangiopathy. In this article, recent in-vitro and in-vivo studies on the role of HS-GAG in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy are discussed. Preliminary data suggest that HS-GAG treatment may be of benefit in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, nephropathy and retinopathy. Results in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus are less convincing, although not completely negative.
Synthesis of N(3‐dimethylaminopropyl)‐6‐substituted naphtho[2,1‐b]thiophene‐4‐carboxamides (1988)

Abstract A series of N ‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl)‐6‐substituted naphtho[2,1‐ b ]thiophenes‐4‐carboxamides have been synthesized. 6‐Substituted naphtho[2,1‐ b ]thiophene‐4‐carboxylic acids were obtained upon oxidative‐photo‐cyclization of α‐(2‐thienyl)‐β‐arylacrylic acids. The naphtho[2,1‐ b ]thiophene carboxylic acids were converted to the corresponding amides through their acid chlorides or, in one case, by use of 1,1‐carbonyldiimidazole coupling of the amine and the acid.
CRISPR-Cpf1 mediates efficient homology-directed repair and temperature-controlled genome editing (2017)

Cpf1 is a novel class of CRISPR-Cas DNA endonucleases, with a wide range of activity across different eukaryotic systems. Yet, the underlying determinants of this variability are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that LbCpf1, but not AsCpf1, ribonucleoprotein complexes allow efficient mutagenesis in zebrafish and Xenopus. We show that temperature modulates Cpf1 activity by controlling its ability to access genomic DNA. This effect is stronger on AsCpf1, explaining its lower efficiency in ectothermic organisms. We capitalize on this property to show that temporal control of the temperature allows post-translational modulation of Cpf1-mediated genome editing. Finally, we determine that LbCpf1 significantly increases homology-directed repair in zebrafish, improving current approaches for targeted DNA integration in the genome. Together, we provide a molecular understanding of Cpf1 activity in vivo and establish Cpf1 as an efficient and inducible genome engineering tool across ectothermic species.
Performance of High Power Light Emitting Diodes in Display Illumination Applications (2007)

The performance of liquid crystal displays and micro display projection systems is for a large part determined by the lamps and illumination optics they are using. Traditionally, gas discharge lamps are used, but light-emitting diode lamps are gradually taking over because of their attractive characteristics. We will discuss how the transfer to light-emitting diodes in the various display architectures changes the key performance parameters, remaining technical challenges, and prospects for future improvement
Influence of gate and drain bias on the bias-stress stability of flexible organic thin-film transistors (2014)

In this paper, the influence of gate-source and drain-source bias on the bias-stress stability and lifetime of pentacene-based low-voltage (-3 V) organic thin-film transistors (TFTs) built on plastic substrate has been investigated. The 10%-current-decay lifetime is used for analyzing the influence of applied bias on the bias-stress stability of TFTs, and to compare various biasing conditions. Our results show a 3 to 4 times higher 10%-current-decay lifetime when magnitude of gate-source and drain-source voltage are equal and less than 2.5 V during bias stress, compared to that when drain-source voltage is kept at -3.0 V.
EFFECT OF DOPAMINE ON INFLAMMATORY STATUS IN KIDNEYS OF BRAIN-DEAD RATS (2004)

We identified several mechanisms underlying the protective effects of dopamine treatment on kidney grafts. The identification of these mechanisms may help to design more effective future strategies for treatment of cadaveric kidney donors.
X-ray dark-field chest radiography: a reader study to evaluate the diagnostic quality of attenuation chest X-rays from a dual-contrast scanning prototype (2023)

• Despite a low tube voltage (70 kVp) and comparably long acquisition time, the attenuation images from the dark-field chest radiography system achieved diagnostic quality for lung assessment. • Commercial chest radiographs obtained a mean rating score regarding their diagnostic quality of 4.6 out of 5, and the grating-based images had a slightly lower mean rating score of 4.2 out of 5. • The difference in rating scores for anatomical structures relevant to lung assessment is below 5%.
Comparison and Discussion on Shortcircuit Protections for Silicon-Carbide MOSFET Modules: Desaturation Versus Rogowski Switch-Current Sensor (2020)

Survivability of silicon-carbide (SiC) mosfet modules during short circuit (SC) is essential for modern power electronics systems due to large economic implications. SiC mosfet modules exhibit narrow SC withstand times and generally much lower SC robustness than silicon (Si) insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs). This puts a critical concern on their utilization, further stressing the importance of reliable protection. This article presents a comprehensive analysis and discussion on the SiC mosfet module SC protection and performance comparison between conventional desaturation detection, previously used for Si IGBT protection, and Rogowski switch-current sensor (RSCS) detection. In addition, this article presents the experimental design for soft turn-off as a reaction to the SC detection to avoid excessive overshoots during the abrupt turn-off of the SC current. To perform different types of SC with various fault inductances on different temperatures, and for the sake of fair comparison under the same conditions, a gate-driver unit for 1.2 kV SiC mosfet half-bridge modules is developed containing both detection methods. The results demonstrate that both methods are successful in protecting the module in all SC types, with superiority of the RSCS detection and concerns for desaturation detection in high-inductance and high dc-bus voltage SC events.
The structural basis of the inhibition of human α-mannosidases by azafuranose analogues of mannose (1993)

Eight pyrrolidine, five pyrrolizidine and one indolizidine analogue(s) of the known alpha-mannosidase inhibitor, the azafuranose, 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-D-mannitol (DIM), have been tested for inhibition of the multiple forms of alpha-mannosidase in human liver in vitro. Substitution of the ring nitrogen markedly decreased or abolished inhibition, but loss of the C-6 hydroxy group, as in 6-deoxy-DIM and 6-deoxy-6-fluoro-DIM, enhanced inhibition, particularly of the lysosomal alpha-mannosidase. Addition of the anomeric substituent-CH2OH decreased inhibition. To be a potent inhibitor of the lysosomal, Golgi II and neutral alpha-mannosidases, a polyhydroxylated pyrrolidine must have the same substituents and chirality as mannofuranose at C-2, C-3, C-4 and C-5. These four chiral centres can also be part of a polyhydroxylated indolizidine, e.g. swainsonine, but not of a pyrrolizidine, e.g. cyclized DIM, ring-contracted swainsonine or 1,7-diepi-australine. DIM did not inhibit lysosomal alpha-mannosidase intracellularly, but both 6-deoxy-DIM and 6-deoxy-6-fluoro-DIM caused accumulation of partially catabolized glycans in normal human fibroblasts. Analysis of these induced storage products by h.p.l.c. showed that both compounds also inhibited Golgi alpha-mannosidase II and that 6-deoxy-6-fluoro-DIM was also a good inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum alpha-mannosidase and specific lysosomal alpha (1-6)-mannosidase. None of the mannofuranose analogues appeared to inhibit Golgi alpha-mannosidase I.
Multiple cDNAs encoding the esk kinase predict transmembrane and intracellular enzyme isoforms. (1992)

A novel protein kinase, the Esk kinase, has been isolated from an embryonal carcinoma (EC) cell line by using an expression cloning strategy. Sequence analysis of two independent cDNA clones (2.97 and 2.85 kb) suggested the presence of two Esk isoforms in EC cells. The esk-1 cDNA sequence predicted an 857-amino-acid protein kinase with a putative membrane-spanning domain, while the esk-2 cDNA predicted an 831-amino-acid kinase which lacked this domain. In adult mouse cells, esk mRNA levels were highest in tissues possessing a high proliferation rate or a sizeable stem cell compartment, suggesting that the Esk kinase may play some role in the control of cell proliferation or differentiation. As anticipated from the screening procedure, bacterial expression of the Esk kinase reacted with antiphosphotyrosine antibodies on immunoblots. Furthermore, in in vitro kinase assays, the Esk kinase was shown to phosphorylate both itself and the exogenous substrate myelin basic protein on serine, threonine, and tyrosine residues, confirming that the Esk kinase is a novel member of the serine/threonine/tyrosine family of protein kinases.
Deprecating the Anycast Prefix for 6to4 Relay Routers (2015)

Experience with the 6to4 transition mechanism defined in RFC 3056
(Connection of IPv6 Domains via IPv4 Clouds) has shown that the
mechanism is unsuitable for widespread deployment and use in the
Internet when used in its anycast mode. Therefore, this document
requests that RFC 3068 (An Anycast Prefix for 6to4 Relay Routers)
and RFC 6732 (6to4 Provider Managed Tunnels) be made obsolete and
moved to Historic status. It recommends that future products should
not support 6to4 anycast and that existing deployments should be
reviewed. This complements the guidelines in RFC 6343.
NMR Methodologies for the Detection and Quantification of Nanostructural Defects in Silicone Networks (2018)

We present and discuss a sensitive spectroscopic means of detecting and quantifying network defects within a series of polysiloxane elastomers through a novel application of 19F solution state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Polysiloxanes are the most utilized non-carbon polymeric material today. Their final network structure is complex, hierarchical, and often ill-defined due to modification. Characterization of these materials with respect to starting and age-dependent network structure is obfuscated by the intractable nature of polysiloxane network elastomers. We report a synthetic strategy for selectively tagging chain-end silanols with an organofluorine compound, which may then be conveniently and quantitatively measured as a function of structure and environment by means of 19F NMR. This study represents a new and sensitive means of directly quantifying aspects of network architecture in polysiloxane materials and has the potential to be a powerful new tool for the spectroscopic assessment of structural dynamic response in polysiloxane networks.
Experiments in topic indexing of broadcast news using neural networks (1999)

The paper deals with the problem of extracting topic information from news show stories by statistical methods. It is shown that the traditional topic-dependent n-gram language modeling approach can be decomposed in order to apply neural networks for topic indexing. Two specific problems in training of these networks are addressed: a very sparse data distribution in the stories and the superposition of different topics in a story. The first problem is tackled by an integrated smoothing approach in the backpropagation method; an expansion of the neural network structure can be used to cope with topic mixtures in stories. Due to the efficient parameter sharing the application of neural networks results in a small improvement in topic indexing performance on a small corpus of broadcast news compared to the traditional topic-dependent n-gram method.