gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Opto‐electronic properties and light‐emitting device application of widegap layered oxychalcogenides: LaCuOCh (Ch = chalcogen) and La2CdO2Se2 (2006)

Abstract This issue's Editor's Choice [1] reviews electronic and optical properties of various widegap oxychalcogenides which are connected to their crystal structures. Two examples are shown in the cover picture: Ln CuO Ch ( Ln = lanthanide, Ch = chalcogen, left) and La 2 CdO 2 Se 2 (right). These oxychalcogenides have layered structures composed of alternate stackings of tetrahedrally coordinated oxide and chalcogenide layers. The rectangular solids depict the unit cells of the materials. The first author Hidenori Hiramatsu is currently working as a postdoctoral researcher in the ERATO‐SORST project of JST. His research interests include electronic and optical properties of widegap and/or layered materials, syntheses of novel oxide‐ or chalcogenide‐based materials, epitaxial growth and device application of novel materials, and unique physical properties of mixed anion materials. The article has been presented at the 15th International Conference on Ternary and Multinary Compounds in Kyoto, Japan, in 2006. Further papers from ICTMC‐15 are published in phys. stat. sol. (c) 3 , No. 8 (2006). The present issue of phys. stat. sol. (a) as well as phys. stat. sol. (c) 3 , No. 9 (2006) also contain papers presented at the Fourth International Conference on Magnetic and Superconducting Materials (MSM '05) held in Agadir, Morocco.
On the Dynamics ofβPlumes (2001)

The dynamics of zonal recirculating flows (β plumes) driven by a source of potential vorticity, or a sink of mass, located at the eastern boundary of an ocean basin are investigated using analytical solutions of the barotropic, linear, steady quasigeostrophic equation with bottom and lateral friction. By scaling the ratio of the strength of the recirculation to that of the sink by that from the inviscid solution, the regimes are identified in which friction becomes a dominant factor. The primary new finding of this study is that the recirculating flow component disappears due to frictional effects when the meridional extent of the sink becomes small. Unlike for the zonal extent of the sink, which affects the recirculating component only if it is on the order of the frictional boundary layer scale, the deviation of the recirculating flow strength from that given by the inviscid solution is apparent for meridional sink scales, which are much larger than the frictional boundary layer scale. Also, location of the maximum recirculation and westward penetration distance of the plumes are quantified. Finally, a stability analysis is conducted to determine the parameter regime in which the β plumes are candidates for instability.
A novel automated screening and interpretation process for cervical cytology using the internet transmission of low-resolution images (2005)

This procedure showed promise for allowing remote interpretation of device-selected images. The procedure may represent an effective way to centralize cervical cytology services and to allow the provision of services to previously unscreened populations that lack an effective cytology infrastructure.
Functional connectivity mapping of regions associated with self‐ and other‐processing (2014)

Neuroscience literature increasingly suggests a conceptual self composed of interacting neural regions, rather than independent local activations, yet such claims have yet to be investigated. We, thus, combined task-dependent meta-analytic connectivity modeling (MACM) with task-independent resting-state (RS) connectivity analysis to delineate the neural network of the self, across both states. Given psychological evidence implicating the self's interdependence on social information, we also delineated the neural network underlying conceptual other-processing. To elucidate the relation between the self-/other-networks and their function, we mined the MACM metadata to generate a cognitive-behavioral profile for an empirically identified region specific to conceptual self, the pregenual anterior cingulate (pACC), and conceptual other, posterior cingulate/precuneus (PCC/PC). Mining of 7,200 published, task-dependent, neuroimaging studies, using healthy human subjects, yielded 193 studies activating the self-related seed and were conjoined with RS connectivity analysis to delineate a differentiated self-network composed of the pACC (seed) and anterior insula, relative to other functional connectivity. Additionally, 106 studies activating the other-related seed were conjoined with RS connectivity analysis to delineate a differentiated other-network of PCC/PC (seed) and angular gyrus/temporoparietal junction, relative to self-functional connectivity. The self-network seed related to emotional conflict resolution and motivational processing, whereas the other-network seed related to socially oriented processing and contextual information integration. Notably, our findings revealed shared RS connectivity between ensuing self-/other-networks within the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and medial orbitofrontal cortex, suggesting self-updating via integration of self-relevant social information. We, therefore, present initial neurobiological evidence corroborating the increasing claims of an intricate self-network, the architecture of which may promote social value processing.
Mito-DEPMPO synthesized from a novel NH2-reactive DEPMPO spin trap: a new and improved trap for the detection of superoxide (2007)

Mito-DEPMPO, a new DEPMPO analogue bearing a triphenylphosphonium group, was synthesized via a novel NH2-reactive DEPMPO. The half-life of the Mito-DEPMPO superoxide adduct was estimated to be ca. 40 min. Using Mito-DEPMPO, reactive oxygen species generated in intact mitochondria were detected and characterized by EPR.
Native Language Identification: a Simple n-gram Based Approach (2013)

This paper describes our approaches to Na-tive Language Identification (NLI) for the NLI shared task 2013. NLI as a sub area of au-thor profiling focuses on identifying the first language of an author given a text in his sec-ond language. Researchers have reported sev-eral sets of features that have achieved rel-atively good performance in this task. The type of features used in such works are: lex-ical, syntactic and stylistic features, depen-dency parsers, psycholinguistic features and grammatical errors. In our approaches, we se-lected lexical and syntactic features based on n-grams of characters, words, Penn TreeBank (PTB) and Universal Parts Of Speech (POS) tagsets, and perplexity values of character of n-grams to build four different models. We also combine all the four models using an en-semble based approach to get the final result. We evaluated our approach over a set of 11 na-tive languages reaching 75 % accuracy. 1
Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalyzed Carbonyl‐ and Imino‐Ene Reactions using Copper Bis(Oxazoline) Zeolite Y (2004)

En-thusiastisch: Die ersten heterogen katalysierten enantioselektiven Carbonyl-En- und Imino-En-Reaktionen bieten einfache Alternativen zur Synthese von α-Hydroxy- und α-Aminocarbonylverbindungen mit hohen Ausbeuten und Enantioselektivitäten. Als Katalysator dient ein Bis(oxazolin)-modifiziertes CuH-Zeolith-Y(Cu-HY)-System (siehe Schema; Rox=CH3, H; Rbrg=Ph, C(CH3)3), das leicht zurückgewonnen werden kann.
Dichioroacetate Increases Skeletal Muscle Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Activity During Acute Limb lschemia (2003)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of dichloroacetate sodium (DCA), a drug that inactivates pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDH-K), on pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity, lactate level, and function of skeletal muscle in an experimental model of acute limb ischemia. Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent right iliac artery ligation to produce hindlimb ischemia. After 2 hours of ischemia, 16 animals received intravenous DCA (15 mg/100 g body weight) and 16 control animals received an equivalent volume of normal saline. After an additional 1 hour of ischemia (total 3 hours) tibialis anterior muscle from the ischemic limb and contralateral nonischemic limb was excised, rapidly freeze-clamped with Wallenberg tongs cooled in liquid nitrogen, and stored at -70 degrees C. Muscles specimens were subsequently assayed for PDH activity and lactate level by use of spectrophotometric techniques. An additional 16 animals (DCA-treated, n = 8; control, n = 8) underwent ex-vivo gastrocnemius muscle fatigue testing with a 10 g tension preload after 3 hours of limb ischemia. In ischemic hind limbs, DCA treatment significantly (p = 0.025) increased PDH activity (19.6 +/-1.6 micromol/min/g dry weight) compared to controls (13.1 +/-1.3 micromol/min/g dry weight). DCA treatment did not increase (p = 0.13) skeletal muscle PDH activity in the nonischemic limbs (9.6 +/-1.1 micromol/min/g dry weight, controls; 13.2 +/-1.3 micromol/min/g dry weight, DCA group). In DCA-treated animals, hind limb ischemia resulted in no significant increase in muscle lactate levels compared to the nonischemic limb, while control animals demonstrated a significant (p = 0.005) elevation in lactate level in ischemic limbs compared to contralateral nonischemic limb. Ischemia induced a significant decrease in time to muscle fatigue in both DCA-treated and control animals (p = 0.002 and 0.001, respectively). Time to muscle fatigue in DCA-treated animals was increased compared to controls (2.6 +/-0.3 versus 2 +/-0.6 minutes; p < 0.05)in ischemic limbs but was not significantly different in nonischemic limbs (DCA = 3.3 +/-0.5 minutes; control = 3.1 +/-0.6 minutes). Treatment with DCA during acute limb ischemia reduced the depression of PDH activity and lactate level of skeletal muscle. Ischemic muscle function was also improved by DCA treatment. Further investigation of the potential beneficial effects of DCA treatment on muscle injury during ischemia and reperfusion is warranted.
Continuous gas/liquid–liquid/liquid flow synthesis of 4-fluoropyrazole derivatives by selective direct fluorination (2011)

4-Fluoropyrazole systems may be prepared by a single, sequential telescoped two-step continuous gas/liquid-liquid/liquid flow process from diketone, fluorine gas and hydrazine starting materials.
An ab initio calculation of the zero-field splitting parameters of the 3A-double prime state of formaldehyde (1980)

The spin dipole-dipole and spin-orbit contributions to the zero-field splitting of the 3A-double prime state of formaldehyde have been evaluated at the excited state experimental geometry. Ab initio CI wave functions were generated from a Dunning double zeta plus polarization bases set using 3A-double prime rhf orbitals. Twelve states of each symmetry were used to evaluate the second-order spin-orbit effect. The resulting values of D and E were 0.19 and 0.03 kayser with the principal magnetic axes rotated 36 deg from the CO bond. The values of alpha and beta relative to the inertial axes were calculated to be 0.03 and 0.01 kayser compared to the experimental values of 0.05 plus or minus 0.01 and 0.02 plus or minus 0.02 kayser.
A Model for Transitions in Oxidation Regimes of ZrB<sub>2</sub> (2008)

A mechanistic model that interprets the transition in oxidation behavior of zirconium diboride as the temperature is varied from 600°C to 2500°C is presented. Available thermodynamic data and literature data for vapor pressures, oxygen permeability in boria, and viscosity of boria were used to evaluate the model. Three regimes and the temperatures of transition between them were identified. In the intermediate temperature regime, viz., 1000°C to 1800°C, good correspondence was obtained between theory and experiments for weight gain, recession, and scale thickness as functions of temperature and oxygen partial pressure. In this regime, the rate-limiting step is the diffusion of dissolved oxygen through a film of liquid boria in capillaries at the base of the oxidation product. At lower temperatures, an external boria scale forms, but it was not found to contribute significantly to oxidation resistance. Comparison with literature data on recession is very good, but weight gain is predicted to be higher than experimentally observed unless flow of viscous boria is included. At higher temperatures, the boria is lost by evaporation, and the oxidation rate is limited by diffusion of molecular oxygen through the capillaries between nearly columnar blocks of the oxide MO2.; this regime is soon followed by a rapid acceleration of recession due to vaporization of the oxide MO2 itself.
Ultra-compact metallic interface for NV spin readout (Conference Presentation) (2018)

The spin-optical properties of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have been demonstrated to enable a plethora of applications ranging from nanoscale sensing to quantum information technologies. The conventional design of NV-based devices requires separate infrastructures for delivering microwave (MW) excitation and guiding/collecting fluorescence signals. Typically, one fabricates dielectric waveguides or lenses next to metallic MW antennae. Here we showed that the device compactness can be substantially improved by the integration of NV centers with channel plasmonic waveguides milled in an optically thick metal layer that simultaneously acts as a MW antenna. The use of highly conductive plasmonic materials allows to fabricate monolithic ultra-compact structures supporting propagation of both MW and optical signals. We demonstrated optical readout of spin resonance by collecting channel plasmon polaritons scattered from the waveguide end.
Efficient SINR fairness algorithm for large distributed multiple-antenna networks (2013)

This paper studies the joint beamforming and power control in a multiuser distributed antenna uplink network, wherein the number of users and the number of separately located antennas grow large with ratio being bounded. We consider the SINR fairness problem under individual power constraint and present a distributed iterative algorithm. This algorithm, though converging to the instantaneous optimal solution, requires instantaneous power update. In order to design a low complexity algorithm that achieves optimality in the asymptotic sense, we leverage the large system structure to derive an asymptotic solution requiring only channel statistics. In this algorithm, the asymptotic power is slowly updated and the asymptotic beamformer can be obtained in a non-iterative manner. The convergence property of the proposed algorithm is also studied.
CT of Inflation-fixed Lungs (1990)

To evaluate the role of high resolution CT (HRCT) in the diagnosis of pulmonary infarcts, we selected 83 postmortem lung specimens with subpleural densities from a collection of 180 lungs that had been prepared by a method which allows for a direct radiologic-pathologic correlation. Twelve of the lungs had pulmonary infarcts and 71 lungs had other disorders that had produced a subpleural shadow on HRCT. Lungs were evaluated for the presence of wedge-shaped pleural-based densities and for the presence of an associated vascular sign. There was no significant difference in the incidence of wedge-shaped densities on HRCT between lungs with pulmonary infarcts and lungs with pulmonary hemorrhage, pneumonia, tumor, or edema (p greater than 0.05). A vascular sign associated with a subpleural density was, however, more common (p less than 0.01) in lungs with pulmonary infarcts. We suggest that the vascular sign associated with a wedge-shaped density may be of importance in diagnosing pulmonary infarcts by HRCT.
Outcome of Radical Prostatectomy in Prostate Cancer Patients with Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Level Equal to or More Than 20 ng/ml and No Distant Metastasis Preoperatively (2009)

PURPOSE: We assessed the efficacy of radical prostatectomy (RP) in prostate cancer patients with preoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels &gt; or = 20 ng/ml and no distant metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The records of 132 prostate cancer patients undergoing RP with preoperative PSA levels &gt; or =20 ng/ml and no distant metastases were reviewed. Sixty-six patients received preoperative neoadjuvant hormonal therapy. Pathologic and clinical outcomes were compared between the groups with PSA of 20-40 ng/ml and &gt; or =40 ng/ml. RESULTS: There were no statistical differences in age, prostate volume, or the frequency of neoadjuvant hormonal therapy between the two groups. The PSA &gt; or =40 ng/ml group had a higher RP Gleason score, tumor stage, and extracapsular extension. After a mean follow-up of 47.0 months, 73 (55.3%) patients had PSA progression with a median time of 37.0 months. Fifty-six patients received adjuvant hormonal therapy, and 19 received salvage external beam radiation therapy. Clinical disease progression developed in 10 patients (7.6%). During follow-up, 8 patients died, 1 of prostate cancer and 7 of other causes. Preoperative PSA was a significant predictor of PSA progression and time to PSA progression after RP, whereas there were no differences in distant metastasis, local recurrence, hormone-refractory prostate cancer progression, and overall or prostate cancer-specific death between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of the favorable postoperative outcomes of RP in patients with preoperative PSA &gt; or =20 ng/ml and no distant metastases, we suggest that RP has a role in treating these high-risk prostate cancer patients and that preoperative PSA is a significant predictor of postoperative PSA progression
Supramolecular Assemblies of Heterogeneous Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles to Co-deliver Antimicrobial Peptides and Antibiotics for Synergistic Eradication of Pathogenic Biofilms (2020)

Pathogenic biofilms protected by extracellular polymeric substances frequently compromise the efficiency of antibacterial drugs and severely threaten human health. In this study, we designed a multi-stimuli-responsive magnetic supramolecular nanoplatform to co-deliver large and low molecular weight drugs for synergistic eradication of pathogenic biofilms. This co-delivery platform was composed of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with large pores (MSNLP) capped by β-cyclodextrin (β-CD)-modified polyethylenimine (PEICD) and adamantane (ADA)-decorated MSNs containing a magnetic core (MagNP@MSNA) capped by cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]). The host MSNs (<b>H</b>, MSNLP@PEICD) and the guest MSNs (<b>G</b>, MagNP@MSNA-CB[6]) spontaneously form coassemblies (<b>H+G</b>), based on the host-guest interactions between β-CD and ADA. Under the stimulus of pathogen cells together with heating by an alternating magnetic field (AMF), the supramolecular coassemblies released both the large molecular weight antimicrobial peptide melittin (MEL) and the low molecular weight antibiotic ofloxacin (OFL) with high efficiency. As compared to free drugs (MEL and OFL) or unattached MSNs (<b>H</b> or <b>G</b>), the drug-loading <b>H+G</b> coassemblies (<b>H</b>-MEL+<b>G</b>-OFL) exhibited much higher capacity for biofilm eradication, thoroughly removing biofilm biomass and killing the pathogenic cells, and displaying no obvious toxicity to mammalian cells. This strong antibiofilm capacity was severely decreased when the host and guest components were prevented from coassembling but administered simultaneously, revealing the critical role of the supramolecular assembly in biofilm removal. Moreover, an <i>in vivo</i> implantation model showed that the coassemblies eradicated the pathogenic biofilms from the implants, preventing host tissue damage and inflammation. Therefore, the co-delivering and multi-stimuli-responsive nanocarriers could overcome the anti-infection difficulties during treatment of infections because of protective biofilms.
Identification of novel antagonists of CB1 cannabinoid receptors (2008)

CB1 cannabinoid receptor antagonists have therapeutic utility in CNS as well as metabolic disorders. We identified multiple novel structural classes of CB1 antagonists and characterized a compound called AC‐462 in detail. AC‐462 is structurally distinct from rimonabant and other biarylpyrazoles, utilizing a dibenzothiazepine structure as its scaffold. The binding Ki's of AC‐462 to human and rat CB1 receptors are 0.2 and 2 nM, respectively. AC‐462 is highly selective for CB1 receptors over CB2, and over 60 other GPCRs, transporters and ion channels. AC‐462 has pro‐cognitive actions in radial arm maze and novel object recognition paradigms and augments apomorphine‐induced rotations in the 6‐hydroxy dopamine lesion model of Parkinson's disease. AC‐462 reverses CP 55,940 induced analgesia and hypothermia in mice, and is orally active as an appetite suppressant, reducing food intake in fasted Sprague‐Dawley rats. Once daily dosing of AC‐462 to Zucker rats over 14‐days significantly decreased body weight compared to vehicle‐treated animals. A large number of analogs of AC‐462 with similar in vitro and in vivo activities were produced. One of these analogs called AC‐999 produced robust decreases in body weight of diet‐induced obese (DIO) mice dosed orally qd over 14‐days. These results demonstrate that AC‐462 and its analogs have therapeutic potential for a wide array of indications.
Intermittent Communication (2017)

We formulate a model for intermittent communication that can capture bursty transmissions or a sporadically available channel, where in either case the receiver does not know a priori when the transmissions will occur. Focusing on the point-to-point case, we develop a decoding structure, decoding from pattern detection, and its achievable rate for such communication scenarios. Decoding from pattern detection first detects the locations of code word symbols and then uses them to decode. We introduce the concept of partial divergence and study some of its properties in order to obtain stronger achievability results. As the system becomes more intermittent, the achievable rates decrease due to the additional uncertainty about the positions of the code word symbols at the decoder. In addition, we provide upper bounds on the capacity of binary noiseless intermittent communication with the help of a genie-aided encoder and decoder. The upper bounds imply a tradeoff between the capacity and the intermittency rate of the communication system, even if the receive window scales linearly with the code word length.
Influence of silicon wafer surface orientation on very thin oxide quality (1993)

We studied effects of silicon wafer surface orientation on very thin oxide quality, testing Si(100) and (111) wafers. It has been found that the very thin oxide structure is dominating by the silicon wafer surface orientation, and that when Si(111) is oxidized, SiO2/Si(111) interface microroughness increases as oxide gets thicker than 10 nm, resulting in a degradation of oxide films quality on Si(111). When oxide thickness is decreased to less than 10 nm, SiO2/Si interface smoothness is maintained similar to Si(100) and (111) but the SiO2/Si interface exhibits larger interface charges and larger flatband voltage shift for Si(111) than for Si(100).
Payload-envelope detection and label-detection integrated photonic circuit for asynchronous variable-length optical-packet switching with 40-gb/s RZ payloads and 10-gb/s NRZ labels (2006)

A photonic integrated circuit that performs 40-Gb/s payload-envelope detection (PED) and 10-Gb/s label detection for asynchronous variable-length optical-packet switching is demonstrated. The circuit consists of an InP photonic integrated device combined with electronic GaAs and InP devices on a carrier. Asynchronous variable-length optical packets with 40-Gb/s return-to-zero (RZ) payloads and 10-Gb/s non-RZ (NRZ) labels are processed by the circuit. The circuit outputs a PED electrical signal that represents the temporal location of the payload and a 10-Gb/s electrical signal representing the optical label. The optical label is detected error free. The PED signal has a rise/fall time of 3-ns and 150-ps jitter. The PED signal was also used to erase and rewrite the optical labels error free