gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mapping Drosophila mutations with molecularly defined P element insertions (2003)

The isolation of chemically induced mutations in forward genetic screens is one of the hallmarks of Drosophila genetics. However, mapping the corresponding loci and identifying the molecular lesions associated with these mutations are often difficult and labor-intensive. Two mapping methods are most often used in flies: meiotic recombination mapping with marked chromosomes and deficiency mapping. The availability of the fly genome sequence allows the establishment and usage of molecular markers. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms have therefore recently been used to map several genes. Here we show that thousands of molecularly mapped P element insertions in fly strains that are publicly available provide a powerful alternative method to single-nucleotide polymorphism mapping. We present a strategy that allows mapping of lethal mutations, as well as viable mutations with visible phenotypes, with minimal resources. The most important unknown in using recombination rates to map at high resolution is how accurately recombination data correlate with molecular maps in small intervals. We therefore surveyed distortions of recombination rates in intervals <500 kb. We document the extent of distortions between the recombination and molecular maps and describe the required steps to map with an accuracy of <50 kb. Finally, we describe a recently developed method to determine molecular lesions in 50-kb intervals by using a heteroduplex DNA mutation detection system. Our data show that this mapping approach is inexpensive, efficient, and precise, and that it significantly broadens the application of P elements in Drosophila.
End-to-End Recovery of Human Shape and Pose (2018)

We describe Human Mesh Recovery (HMR), an end-to-end framework for reconstructing a full 3D mesh of a human body from a single RGB image. In contrast to most current methods that compute 2D or 3D joint locations, we produce a richer and more useful mesh representation that is parameterized by shape and 3D joint angles. The main objective is to minimize the reprojection loss of keypoints, which allows our model to be trained using in-the-wild images that only have ground truth 2D annotations. However, the reprojection loss alone is highly underconstrained. In this work we address this problem by introducing an adversary trained to tell whether human body shape and pose parameters are real or not using a large database of 3D human meshes. We show that HMR can be trained with and without using any paired 2D-to-3D supervision. We do not rely on intermediate 2D keypoint detections and infer 3D pose and shape parameters directly from image pixels. Our model runs in real-time given a bounding box containing the person. We demonstrate our approach on various images in-the-wild and out-perform previous optimization-based methods that output 3D meshes and show competitive results on tasks such as 3D joint location estimation and part segmentation.
Supplementary Figure Legend from Modulation of EZH2 Expression by MEK-ERK or PI3K-AKT Signaling in Lung Cancer Is Dictated by Different KRAS Oncogene Mutations (2023)

&lt;p&gt;1.EZH2 and MEK-ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway expression in lung adenocarcinoma and HBEC cell lines and 2. Sensitivity in vitro to AZD6244 and MK2206 in combination with selective EZH2 inhibitor GSK343, EPZ6438 and GSK126 in NSCLC cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Anodized Steel Electrodes for Supercapacitors (2016)

Steel was anodized in 10 M NaOH to enhance its surface texture and internal surface area for application as an electrode in supercapacitors. A mechanism was proposed for the anodization process. Field-emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM) studies of anodized steel revealed that it contains a highly porous sponge like structure ideal for supercapacitor electrodes. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements showed that the surface of the anodized steel was Fe2O3, whereas X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements indicated that the bulk remained as metallic Fe. The supercapacitor performance of the anodized steel was tested in 1 M NaOH and a capacitance of 18 mF cm(-2) was obtained. Cyclic voltammetry measurements showed that there was a large psueudocapacitive contribution which was due to oxidation of Fe to Fe(OH)2 and then further oxidation to FeOOH, and the respective reduction of these species back to metallic Fe. These redox processes were found to be remarkably reversible as the electrode showed no loss in capacitance after 10000 cycles. The results demonstrate that anodization of steel is a suitable method to produce high-surface-area electrodes for supercapacitors with excellent cycling lifetime.
Coverage-dependent electronic absorption spectrum of phenanthrene on alumina (0001) and butane multilayer surfaces (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCoverage-dependent electronic absorption spectrum of phenanthrene on alumina (0001) and butane multilayer surfacesD. R. Haynes, K. R. Helwig, N. J. Tro, and Steven M. GeorgeCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 2, 839–844Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100155a065https://doi.org/10.1021/j100155a065research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views69Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Optimal discriminating multispectral target detection and optical correlation target tracking (2003)

This paper presents feasibility studies of a multispectral moving target detection (MTD) system designed to detect and track low-signature moving targets. The system performs multispectral detection based on linear and nonlinear optimal discriminating features (ODF) for low-signature target detection and correlation tracking of slowly moving targets in clutter. Multispectral detection was tested against multispectral data from an acousto-optic tunable filter in the visible and near infrared. Optical Joint Transform Correlator for target tracking was designed and manufactured. The feasibility of correlation target tracking was demonstrated with actual Army MICOM FLIR long wavelength infrared (LWIR: 8 to 12 &mu;m) images of moving vehicles and tanks in clutter.
Ein neuartiger Carbonyldiniob‐Komplex mit Wasserstoffbrücke (1981)

Die erste homodinucleare Carbonylniobverbindung , der Hydridokomplex (3) , wurde in lichtinduzierter Reaktion aus dem nunmehr gut zugänglichen (1) und (2) erhalten. Das (η 5 ‐C 5 H 5 )Nb(CO) 3 ‐ und das (η 5 ‐C 5 H 5 ) 2 Nb(CO)‐Fragment sind durch eine leicht gewinkelte H‐Brücke verknüpft magnified image .
Demand Response of Ancillary Service From Industrial Loads Coordinated With Energy Storage (2017)

As one of the featured initiatives in smart grids, demand response is enabling active participation of electricity consumers in the supply/demand balancing process, thereby enhancing the power system's operational flexibility in a cost-effective way. Industrial load plays an important role in demand response because of its intense power consumption, already existing advanced monitoring, and control infrastructure, and its strong economic incentive due to the high energy costs. As typical industrial loads, cement plants are able to quickly adjust their power consumption rate by switching on/off the crushers. However, in the cement plant as well as other industrial loads, switching on/off the loading units only achieves discrete power changes, which restricts the load from offering valuable ancillary services such as regulation and load following, as continuous power changes are required for these services. In this paper, we overcome this restriction of poor granularity by proposing methods that enable these loads to provide regulation or load following with the support of an onsite energy storage system.
Characterization of Serine and Threonine Phosphorylation Sites in β-Elimination/Ethanethiol Addition-Modified Proteins by Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Database Searching (1998)

A new method for the characterization of serine and threonine phosphorylation sites in proteins has been developed. After modification of a phosphoprotein by beta-elimination/ethanethiol addition and conversion of phosphoserine and phosphothreonine residues to S-ethylcysteinyl or beta-methyl-S-ethylcysteinyl residues, the modified protein was subjected to proteolytic digestion. Resulting digests were analyzed by a combination of microbore liquid chromatography, electrospray ionization tandem (MS/MS) ion trap mass spectrometry and database searching to identify original phosphorylated residues. The computer program utilized (SEQUEST) is capable of identifying peptides and modified residues from uninterpreted MS/MS spectra, and using this method, all of the five known phosphorylation sites in bovine beta-casein were identified. Application of the method to multiply phosphorylated human high molecular weight neurofilament protein (NF-H) resulted in the identification of 21 peptides and their modified residues and hence, the in vivo phosphorylation sites. These included 26 KSP and 1 KTP site, all of which occur in the KSP repeat C-terminal tail domain (residues 502-823). One site at residue 518 was previously uncharacterized. A novel non-KSP serine at residue 421 near the KLLEGEE region in a IPFSLPE motif was characterized as phosphorylated (or glycosylated). The 27 characterized phosphorylation sites occur at S/TP residues in the following motifs: KSPVKEE, KSPAEAK, KSPEKEE, KSPAEVK, KSPEKAK, KSPPEAK, KSPVKAE, and KTPAKEE. On the basis of kinase consensus sequences, all of these motifs, including the previously unreported KTPAKEE motif, can be phosphorylated by proline-directed kinases. Advantages of the new method vis-a-vis our previously reported method [Jaffe, H., Veeranna, Shetty, K. T., and Pant, H. C. (1998) Biochemistry 37, 3931-3940] include (i) production of diastereomers eluting at different retention times increased the chances of peptide identification, (ii) increased hydrophobicity and hence retention time of the modified peptides, (iii) facilitation of positive ion production, and (iv) increased susceptibility to tryptic digestion as a result of conversion of negatively charged phosphorylated residues to neutral S-ethylcysteine or beta-methyl-S-ethylcysteine residues.
ChemInform Abstract: L‐α‐Aminoadipic Acid from L‐Glutamic Acid. (1989)

Abstract The N‐protected formaldehyde adduct (II) of L‐glutamic acid (I), prepared by a known procedure, is converted to the α‐diazo ketone (IV) by coupling a mixed anhydride with diazomethane (III).
A design of multi-band and low-profile mushroom-type EBG structure with multi-layer configuration (2021)

We propose a novel mushroom-type electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure with two stop-bands. The unit cell of the proposed EBG structure consists of a large mushroom and four small mushrooms, where the small ones are not stacked on but incorporated into the large one. The proposed dual-band EBG structure has the dual bandgaps of f0-1.5f0 and 3.2f0-3.6f0. It is shown that the electromagnetic interference between two antennas can be reduced by 10 dB or more at two frequency bands by installing the proposed EBG structure.
Social Microvolunteering: Donating Access to Your Friends for Charitable Microwork (2014)

We propose social microvolunteering, in which people can do charitable microwork themselves for free, but also grant access to their Facebook friends as additional volunteers to magnify their effort. Social microvolunteering lets people volunteer despite temporal, financial, or physical limitations.
ChemInform Abstract: Amine‐Nickel Complexes. Part 5. Lewis‐Acidity of Nickel(0). Part 11. Amine‐bis(ethene)nickel(0) Complexes; Structure of 1‐Azabicyclo(2.2.2)octane‐bis(ethene)nickel(0) ((C7H13N)Ni(C2H4)2). (1989)

Abstract The Ni complex (I) reacts with amines to give the complexes (III) or (V).
Inversion Layer Injection Devices - A New Class of Semiconductor Devices (1996)

This paper reports the experimental evidence of a new minority carrier injection mechanism. The new physical mechanism earlier proposed by us is based on the use of a MOS inversion layer as a minority carrier injector as part of a dynamic junction. Unlike in conventional devices, the physical existence of the emitter and the carrier injection of such a junction is entirely controlled by the MOS gate. A new class of semiconductor devices based on inversion layer injection is presented.
An online tensor robust PCA algorithm for sequential 2D data (2016)

Tensor robust principal component analysis (PCA) approaches have drawn considerable interests in many applications such as background subtraction, denoising, and outlier detection, etc. In this paper we propose an online tensor robust PCA where the multidimensional data (tensor) is revealed sequentially in online mode, and tensor PCA is updated based on the latest estimation and the newly collected data. Compared to the tensor robust PCA in batch mode, we significantly reduce the required memory and improve the computation efficiency. Application on fusing cloud-contaminated satellite images demonstrates that the proposed method shows superiority in both convergence speed and performance compared to the state-of-the-art approaches.
Using policy gradient reinforcement learning on autonomous robot controllers (2004)

Robot programmers can often quickly program a robot to approximately execute a task under specific environment conditions. However, achieving robust performance under more general conditions is significantly more difficult. We propose a framework that starts with an existing control system and uses reinforcement feedback from the environment to autonomously improve the controller's performance. We use the policy gradient reinforcement learning (PGRL) framework, which estimates a gradient (in controller space) of improved reward, allowing the controller parameters to be incrementally updated to autonomously achieve locally optimal performance. Our approach is experimentally verified on a Cye robot executing a room entry and observation task, showing significant reduction in task execution time and robustness with respect to un-modelled changes in the environment.
Serotonergic signalling suppresses ataxin 3 aggregation and neurotoxicity in animal models of Machado-Joseph disease (2015)

Polyglutamine diseases are a class of dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disorders for which there is no effective treatment. Here we provide evidence that activation of serotonergic signalling is beneficial in animal models of Machado-Joseph disease. We identified citalopram, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, in a small molecule screen of FDA-approved drugs that rescued neuronal dysfunction and reduced aggregation using a Caenorhabditis elegans model of mutant ataxin 3-induced neurotoxicity. MOD-5, the C. elegans orthologue of the serotonin transporter and cellular target of citalopram, and the serotonin receptors SER-1 and SER-4 were strong genetic modifiers of ataxin 3 neurotoxicity and necessary for therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, chronic treatment of CMVMJD135 mice with citalopram significantly reduced ataxin 3 neuronal inclusions and astrogliosis, rescued diminished body weight and strikingly ameliorated motor symptoms. These results suggest that small molecule modulation of serotonergic signalling represents a promising therapeutic target for Machado-Joseph disease.
Developing an Effective and Robust Process for Manufacturing Bipolar SiC Power Devices (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Self-Assembled Polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) Micelle Morphologies in Solution (2006)

We have investigated the self-assembly behavior of an amphiphilic diblock copolymer, polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PS-b-PEO), in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF)/water and DMF/acetonitrile. In both cases water and acetonitrile are selective solvents for the PEO block. The degrees of polymerization of the PS and PEO blocks were 962 and 227 (PS 962-b- PEO 227), respectively. Micelle morphologies of the block copolymer in both systems could be controlled by varying copolymer and selective solvent concentrations. With increasing the water concentration in the DMF/water or the acetonitrile concentration in the DMF/acetonitrile system, the micelle morphology observed in transmission electron microscopy changed from spheres to wormlike cylinders and then to vesicles. The morphological diagrams were constructed from the study of the micelle morphology changes in different copolymer concentrations and the critical micellization concentrations for both systems at different copolymer concentrations as determined by static light scattering experiments. In between the concentration regions of two neighboring pure micelle morphologies, mixed morphologies such as spheres with short cylinders or wormlike cylinders with vesicles could be found. Although the trend in morphological changes was identical in these two systems, there were remarkable differences in the morphological diagrams of PS 962-b- PEO 227 with respect to the percentage of selective solvent added. This is due to the large difference between the polymer-selective solvent interaction parameters. On the basis of the observations of morphological reversibility and annealing experiments, these two morphological diagrams were proven to be in thermodynamic equilibrium. The driving force for these morphological changes was understood to approach micelle free energy minimization. Approximate micelle free energy calculations confirmed that the free energy decreases as the morphology changes from spheres to wormlike cylinders and then to vesicles with an increase in the selective solvent concentrations. Possible change mechanisms are also discussed.
Demonstration of functional CD40 in B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells in response to T-cell CD40 ligand (1996)

Because activated T cells were previously shown to induce proliferation of human normal B-cell precursors (BCP) via the CD40 pathway, we investigated the effects of T cells on leukemic blasts isolated from patients with B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL). An anti-CD3 activated human CD4+ T-cell clone was found to induce significant call proliferation in four of nine BCP-ALL samples analyzed. In one of these cases, the T-cell effect was clearly dependent on interaction between CD40 and its ligand. Accordingly, a more thorough analysis was performed on this particular leukemia (case 461, adult early pre-B-ALL, mBCR+, Philadelphia+, i(9q)+). Thus, autologous CD4+ T cells isolated from the patient were also able to induce CD40-dependent proliferation of the leukemic blasts. Analysis of the phenotype after coculture showed that, among the CD19+ cells, a proportion gradually lost expression of CD10 and CD34, whereas some cells acquired CD23. In addition, and in contrast with normal BCP, activated T cells promoted maturation of a subset of the case 461 leukemic cells into surface IgM+ cells. The leukemic origin of the cycling and the maturing cells was assessed by the presence of i(9q), a chromosomal abnormality associated with this leukemia and evidenced by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Taken together, these results show that leukemic BCP can be activated via CD40 but that not all cases display detectable stimulation in response to T cells despite their expression of CD40. In addition, the present data suggest that CD4+ T cells could potentially play a role in the physiology of BCP-ALL.
<title>New protective antireflecting coating for multispectral ZnS</title> (2001)

With the advent of common aperture systems comes a requirement for substrates and coatings that are transparent in both the visible and IR bands. While there are many suitable bulk materials there are surprisingly few coatings available that offer both antireflecting properties and substrate protection. Materials that need little environmental protection tend to be costly to fabricate and machine while others are far too soft to be of any great use. It is for this reason that particular attention has been given to multispectral zinc sulfide which is a relatively cheap material and has good transparency both in the visible and the IR up to -13micrometers . Although it is a soft material (~150kg.mm<SUP>-2</SUP>) it may be protected by a range of coatings. This paper will look at two main materials, ZrN deposited by RF reactive sputtering and YF<SUB>3</SUB> by ion assisted deposition (IAD) which when used in conjunction offer both increased durability to the substrate and good tri-color transmittance for practical window applications.
Long Measurement Range OFDR Beyond Laser Coherence Length (2013)

We present a novel method to significantly extend the measurement range of an optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) beyond the laser coherence length for both discrete reflection (such as Fresnel reflection) and Rayleigh backscattering measurements. A key to the method is to increase the laser frequency tuning speed while measuring the phase noise of the reflected optical signal that carries the location and reflectivity information. Using this technique in a conventional OFDR with a noise floor of -120 dB and a dynamic range of 53 dB, we achieved a measurable distance of 170 km for Fresnel reflection and 120 km for Rayleigh backscattering using a laser with a coherence length of only 13.6 km.
MRI‐guided targeted needle placement during motion using hydrostatic actuators (2019)

The proposed hydrostatic actuator system may improve accuracy and reduce procedure time for MRI-guided targeted needle placement during motion.