gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New Iminophosphonamide Chromium(II) Complexes as Highly Active Polymer-Free Ethylene Oligomerization Catalysts (2011)

The reactions of the deprotonated form of cis-{[(μ-N)(t-Bu)]2PN(H)(o-OMeC6H4)]2} (a) with either CrCl2(THF)2 or CrCl3(THF)3 afforded the corresponding dimeric Cr(II) and monomeric Cr(III) complexes {cis-[(μ-N)(t-Bu)]2[PN(o-MeOC6H4)]2Cr}2 (1a) and cis-[(μ-N)(t-Bu)]2[PN-2-MeOC6H4]2CrCl (2a). By replacing the ligand’s o-OMeC6H4 groups with less-crowded CH2CH2N(i-Pr)2 functionalities and reacting the deprotonated form of cis-{[(μ-N)(t-Bu)]2[PN(H)CH2CH2N(i-Pr)2)]2} (b) with CrCl2(THF)2, the dimetallic, divalent {cis-[(μ-N)(t-Bu)]2[PNCH2CH2N(i-Pr)2)]2Cr}2 (1b) was obtained in crystalline form. Upon activation with MAO, both 1a and 1b afforded highly active, polyethylene-free ethylene oligomerization catalysts. Complex 2a is instead catalytically inactive.
A novel blood-based assay for treatment monitoring of tuberculosis (2021)

The 3-gene signature expression level (TB score) changed significantly over time with respect to baseline among 31 pulmonary TB patients. The greatest increase in TB score occurred within the first month of treatment (median fold-increase in TB score: 1.08 [IQR 0.54-1.52]) and plateaued after 4 months of treatment (median TB score: 1.97 [IQR: 1.03-2.33]). The rapid and substantial increase of the TB score in the first month of treatment holds promise for the early identification of patients that respond to TB treatment. The plateau in TB score at 4 months may indicate early clearance of disease and could direct treatment to be shortened. These hypotheses need to be further explored with larger prospective treatment monitoring studies.
Piezoelectric transformer converter with PWM control (2002)

A piezoelectric transformer (PT) converter with PWM is presented. The active-clamp technique makes it possible to control the output voltage with PWM even if the PT converter operates in a resonant fashion. The PT converter with PWM control was implemented on a printed circuit board. The line and load regulation was successfully achieved under the input-voltage variation of 20 to 30 V, Vo=5 V, Io=0-4 A, and fs=2.08 MHz. Maximum efficiency achieved 82%.
Why design must change (2009)

In the mid 1980's the power growth that accompanied scaling forced the industry to focus on CMOS technology, and leave nMOS and bipolars for niche applications. Twenty years later, CMOS technology is facing power issues of its own. After first reviewing the "cause" of the problem, it will become clear that there are not easy solutions this time -- no new technology or simple system/circuit change will rescue us. Power, and not number of devices is now the primary limiter of chip performance, and the need to create power efficient designs is changing how we do design. In the past, we would turn to specialized computation (ASICs) to create the needed efficiency, but the rising NRE costs for chip design (now over $10M/chip) has caused the number of ASIC design starts to fall not rise.
Rapid CD4+ T-Lymphocyte Depletion in Rhesus Monkeys Infected with a Simian–Human Immunodeficiency Virus Expressing the Envelope Glycoproteins of a Primary Dual-Tropic Ethiopian Clade C HIV Type 1 Isolate (2004)

Simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) chimerae with the envelope glycoproteins of X4 or R5/X4 HIV-1 isolates from clade B can cause rapid and severe CD4(+) T cell depletion and AIDS-like illness in infected monkeys. We created a SHIV (SHIV-MCGP1.3) expressing the envelope glycoproteins of a primary R5/X4, clade C HIV-1 isolate. Infection of a rhesus monkey with SHIV-MCGP1.3 resulted in a low level of viremia and no significant alteration in CD4(+) T-lymphocyte counts. However, serial intravenous passage of the virus resulted in the emergence of SHIV-MCGP1.3 variants that replicated efficiently and caused profound CD4(+) T cell depletion during the acute phase of infection. The CD4(+) T cell counts in the infected monkeys gradually returned to normal, and the animals remained healthy. The ability to cause rapid and profound loss of CD4(+) T lymphocytes in vivo is a property shared by passaged, CXCR4-using SHIVs, irrespective of the clade of origin of the HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins.
Bronchoalveolar Fluid Is Not a Major Hindrance to Virus-Mediated Gene Therapy in Cystic Fibrosis (2002)

Successfully targeting the airway epithelium is essential for gene therapy of some pulmonary diseases. However, the airway epithelium is resistant to virus-mediated gene transfer with commonly used vectors. Vectors that interact with endogenously expressed receptors on the apical surface significantly increase gene transfer efficiency. However, other endogenous components involved in host immunity may hinder virus-mediated gene transfer. We tested the effect of bronchoalveolar lavage liquid (BAL) from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), BAL from subjects without CF (non-CF BAL), Pseudomonas aeruginosa-derived proteins, and an array of inflammatory proteins on gene transfer mediated by adeno-associated virus type 5 (AAV5) and adenovirus targeted to an apically expressed glycosylphosphatidylinositol-modified coxsackie-adenovirus receptor. We found that neither CF BAL nor its components had a significant effect on gene transfer to human airway epithelium by these vectors. Non-CF BAL significantly impaired adenovirus-mediated gene transfer. Removal of immunoglobulins in non-CF BAL restored gene transfer efficiency. As virus vectors are improved and mechanisms of humoral immunity are elucidated, barriers to successful gene therapy found in the complex environment of the human lung can be circumvented.
Non-covalent inhibitors of thioredoxin glutathione reductase with schistosomicidal activity in vivo (2023)

Only praziquantel is available for treating schistosomiasis, a disease affecting more than 200 million people. Praziquantel-resistant worms have been selected for in the lab and low cure rates from mass drug administration programs suggest that resistance is evolving in the field. Thioredoxin glutathione reductase (TGR) is essential for schistosome survival and a validated drug target. TGR inhibitors identified to date are irreversible and/or covalent inhibitors with unacceptable off-target effects. In this work, we identify noncovalent TGR inhibitors with efficacy against schistosome infections in mice, meeting the criteria for lead progression indicated by WHO. Comparisons with previous in vivo studies with praziquantel suggests that these inhibitors outperform the drug of choice for schistosomiasis against juvenile worms.
Analysis of Particle Laden Flow and Heat Transfer in Cascade and Rocket Nozzle (2001)

This paper presents results for the calculation of particle trajectories in a cascade and a rocket nozzle using a Lagrangian method. When the floating particles collide to the components, the component surface is damaged severely. The surface erosion rate is strongly dependent on a particle size, a particle impact angle and a surface material. For a compressor cascade, the particle impact rate increases proportionally with the flow inlet angle and the erosion rate on the pressure side surface of blade are related to the surface or coating materials. For a solid rocket nozzle, the particle free zone in the nozzle divergent section increases quickly with increasing particle size and the maximum heat transfer density occurs at the starting region of nozzle convergent section. The Al2O3 droplet breaks up around the nozzle throat due to the high velocity difference between the droplet and gas stream, resulting in the big change of particle free zone.
Effect of Pore Shape on the Electrical Property of Porous LNKN Piezoceramics (2008)

Porous Li 0.06 (Na 0.5 K 0.5 ) 0.94 NbO 3 (LNKN-6) piezoceramics with different pore shapes and volumes have been fabricated by sintering a mixture of calcinated LNKN-6 powder and volatilizable pore formers of phenol resin fibers (Kynol™) or plastic spheres [poly(methyl methacrylate)] (PMMA). Kynol™ fiber was shown to more effective for inducing open-pore formation in the ceramics than PMMA sphere. The porous LNKN-6 ceramics prepared using Kynol™ fiber demonstrated lower dielectric loss, higher piezoelectric constant (d 33 ), and higher piezoelectric voltage coefficient (g 33 ) than those prepared using PMMA sphere. The effect of pore shape on the electrical property was investigated.
1,3-Bis(diphenylphosphino)propane (2001)

[6737-42-4] C27H26P2 (MW 412.45)





InChI = 1S/C27H26P2/c1-5-14-24(15-6-1)28(25-16-7-2-8-17-25)22-13-23-29(26-18-9-3-10-19-26)27-20-11-4-12-21-27/h1-12,14-21H,13,22-23H2



InChIKey = LVEYOSJUKRVCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N



(ligand for metal-catalyzed substitution reactions of aryl and vinyl triflates,1 halides,2 and carbonates;3 carbonylation reactions;4 Grignard coupling;5 diene alkylation;6 macrocycle synthesis7)



Alternate Name: dppp.



Physical Data: mp 63–65 °C.



Form Supplied in: white solid; widely available.



Handling, Storage, and Precautions: solutions are readily oxidized to the phosphine oxide and should be handled under N2 or Ar. Solid samples of dppp are air stable.
Rapid prototyping ATE software with CASE (2003)

The authors focus on the use of computer aided software engineering (CASE) tools to reduce risk in the software design phase and to provide a validation mechanism that can be used throughout the software development process. An automatic test equipment (ATE) software engineering project was selected as the testbed for two CASE tools to be used in rapid prototype development. The internal system software translates common language instrument commands into native instrument commands sent over the IEEE-488 bus. The software process follows the waterfall model and MIL-STD-2167A with requirements definition, software design, implementation, and test. The high-level design phase made use of data flow diagrams, state machines, and mini-specifications under the management of a widely used CASE tool. The diagrams and specifications were then used as input to a rapid prototyping CASE tool to simulate the system, providing a validation mechanism. A discussion of the software design is included, as is a technique for determining when to convert the design from one CASE design representation to another. The advantages and disadvantages of each tool are also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Chronic baroreflex activation by the Rheos<sup>&#x00AE;</sup> system: An overview of results from european and North American feasibility studies (2009)

The baroreflex, whose role is well-known in short-term blood pressure regulation, has until recently been unexploited as a practical therapy for hypertension. Recent advancements in approach and technology embodied in the Rheos System have enabled chronic electrical activation of the baroreflex. Chronic results from feasibility studies indicate that Rheos Therapy has an acceptable safety profile and may lead to long-term control of pressure in drug-resistant hypertension patients. Other effects include significant reductions in left ventricular mass and left atrial size. The spectrum of therapeutic impact suggests that Rheos Therapy may improve long-term outcomes in drug-resistant hypertension and possibly benefit related populations. Larger-scale study in randomized, controlled trials are ongoing to verify chronic benefits.
A background music detection method based on robust feature extraction (2008)

We propose a music segment detection method for audio signals. Unlike many existing methods, ours specifically focuses on a background-music detection task, that is, detecting music used in background of main sounds. This task is important because music is almost always overlapped by speech or other environmental sounds in visual materials such as TV programs. Our method consists of feature extraction, dimension reduction, and statistical discrimination steps. For each step, we analyzed a set of methods to maximize the detection accuracy. With a simple post processing step, we achieved a framewise error rate as low as 8 % even when the mixed speech was louder than the target music by 10dB.
Proposed Systematic Nomenclature for Orbitides (2015)

Orbitides are short (5-11 amino acid residue), ribosomally synthesized homodetic plant cyclic peptides characterized by N-to-C amide bonds rather than disulfide bonds. Orbitides can be discovered using mass spectrometry of plant extracts or by identifying DNA sequences coding for the precursor protein. The number of orbitides that have been characterized to date, by a number of different research groups, is modest. The nomenclatural system currently used for the Type VI cyclic peptides has been developed in an ad hoc fashion and is somewhat arbitrary. We propose a systematic naming system specifically for the Type VI cyclic peptides that reflects the taxonomic name of the species producing the orbitides and a numbering system that enables systematic representation of amino acid residues and modifications. The proposed naming system emulates the IUPAC Nomenclature for Natural Products and UniProt, both of which use abbreviations of taxonomic names for the compounds in question. Nomenclature for post-translational modifications also follows the IUPAC precedent, as well as the cyclic peptide literature. Furthermore, the proposed system aims to maintain agreement with the precedents set by the pre-existing literature. An example of the proposed nomenclature is provided using the methionine-containing homodetic peptides of Linum usitatissimum (flaxseed).
Steam Reformer With Fibrous Catalytic Combustor (1987)

Proposed steam-reforming reactor derives heat from internal combustion on fibrous catalyst. Supplies of fuel and air to combustor controlled to meet demand for heat for steam-reforming reaction. Enables use of less expensive reactor-tube material by limiting temperature to value safe for material yet not so low as to reduce reactor efficiency.
Impact of molecular orientation on energy level alignment at C60/pentacene interfaces (2018)

The molecular orientation and the electronic structure at molecular donor/acceptor interfaces play an important role in the performance of organic optoelectronic devices. Here, we show that graphene substrates can be used as templates for tuning the molecular orientation of pentacene (PEN), selectively driving the formation of either face-on or edge-on arrangements by controlling the temperature of the substrate during deposition. The electronic structure and morphology of the two resulting C60/PEN heterointerfaces were elucidated using ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy, respectively. While the C60/PEN (edge-on) interface exhibited a vacuum level alignment, the C60/PEN (face-on) interface exhibited a vacuum level shift of 0.2 eV, which was attributed to the formation of an interface dipole that resulted from polarization at the C60/PEN boundary.
Localized quantum walks in quasi-periodic Fibonacci arrays of waveguides (2019)

New quasi-periodic arrays of waveguides (AWs) constructed with Fibonacci sequences are proposed to realize localized quantum walks (LQWs). The proposed Fibonacci arrays of waveguides (FAWs) are simple and straightforward to make, but have a rich set of properties that are of potential use for applications in quantum communication. Our simulations show that, in contrast with randomly disordered AWs, LQWs in FAWs are highly controllable due to the deterministic disorder nature of quasi-periodic systems. Furthermore, unique LQWs with symmetrical probability distribution can be conveniently realized in the FAWs.
ChemInform Abstract: THIONO‐THIOLO REARRANGEMENT AND SOLVOLYSIS OF THE SECONDARY ALKYL PHOSPHOROTHIONATES. 3 (1981)

Abstract Bei der Behandlung mit Trifluoressigsäure erhält man aus den cyclischen Thiono‐phosphaten (II) die Umlagerungsprod.ukte (I) oder die Thio‐Derivate (IV) und die Ester (V).
Evolutionary analysis of the LORELEI gene family in angiosperms reveals regulatory subfunctionalization (2020)

Abstract A signaling complex comprising members of the LORELEI (LRE)-LIKE GPI-anchored protein (LLG) and Catharanthus roseus RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE 1-LIKE ( Cr RLK1L) families perceive RAPID ALKALINIZATION FACTOR (RALF) peptides and regulate growth, reproduction, immunity, and stress responses in Arabidopsis. Genes encoding these proteins are members of multi-gene families in most angiosperms and could generate thousands of signaling complex variants. However, the link(s) between expansion of these gene families and the functional diversification of this critical signaling complex as well as the evolutionary factors underlying the maintenance of gene duplicates remain unknown. Here, we investigated LLG gene family evolution, function, and expression in angiosperms. We found that LLGs in monocots and eudicots are descendants of a duplication early in angiosperm evolution and that both ancient and recent LLG duplicates are retained. Complementation and expression analysis showed that expression divergence of LLGs (regulatory subfunctionalization), rather than functional divergence, explains the retention of paralogs in Brassicales. All but one extant monocot and eudicot species examined maintained an LLG copy with preferential expression in male reproductive tissues, with the other duplicate copies showed highest levels of expression in female or vegetative tissues. Interestingly, the single LLG copy in Amborella (sister to all other angiosperms) is expressed vastly higher in male compared to female reproductive or vegetative tissues. Reconstruction of expression evolution showed that the highest inferred expression levels for the single copy ancestral angiosperm LLG was in male reproductive tissues. We propose that expression divergence played an important role in maintenance of LLG duplicates in angiosperms. One Sentence Summary Expression divergence played an important role in maintenance of two sub-groups of LLG duplicates in angiosperms
Influencing Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Ion-Exchange Membranes by Considering Comonomer Propagation (2023)

Ionic cross-linked copolymers have been successfully used as ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) for many years, with charged functional groups encouraging ion transport through hydrated regions of materials that include cross-linking agents [Kreuer, K.-D. Annu. Rev. Mater. Res.2021, 51, 21−46]. Subsequently simulating IEM formation is useful, with software such as Polymatic [Abbott, L. J. Theor. Chem. Acc.2013, 132, 1334] able to dynamically form a polymer from a box of monomers through a series of molecular dynamics simulations. In this study, we offer an alternative polymer formation scheme that accounts for propagation ratios of two monomers calculated with density functional theory after a comprehensive conformational search. The scheme was implemented as an extension of the Polymatic code. CR61 and AR103 IEMs were constructed while influencing propagation, with increased cross-linking resulting in membranes of greater tensile strength. To investigate which polymeric forms perform best in terms of predicting bulk properties, diffusion coefficients of ions inside each membrane were obtained, with simulations using polymers created without controlling reaction kinetics predicting diffusion to within 10% of experimental measurements. Influencing the polymerization process does not necessarily improve the performance of these membranes. However, the propagation rate coefficients dictate whether intramolecular cross-linking is required, and we recommend that these quantum calculations be performed before molecular dynamics simulations are attempted.
A C-terminal motif found in the β 2 -adrenergic receptor, P2Y1 receptor and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator determines binding to the Na + /H + exchanger regulatory factor family of PDZ proteins (1998)

The Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor (NHERF) binds to the tail of the beta2-adrenergic receptor and plays a role in adrenergic regulation of Na+/H+ exchange. NHERF contains two PDZ domains, the first of which is required for its interaction with the beta2 receptor. Mutagenesis studies of the beta2 receptor tail revealed that the optimal C-terminal motif for binding to the first PDZ domain of NHERF is D-S/T-x-L, a motif distinct from those recognized by other PDZ domains. The first PDZ domain of NHERF-2, a protein that is 52% identical to NHERF and also known as E3KARP, SIP-1, and TKA-1, exhibits binding preferences very similar to those of the first PDZ domain of NHERF. The delineation of the preferred binding motif for the first PDZ domain of the NHERF family of proteins allows for predictions for other proteins that may interact with NHERF or NHERF-2. For example, as would be predicted from the beta2 receptor tail mutagenesis studies, NHERF binds to the tail of the purinergic P2Y1 receptor, a seven-transmembrane receptor with an intracellular C-terminal tail ending in D-T-S-L. NHERF also binds to the tail of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, which ends in D-T-R-L. Because the preferred binding motif of the first PDZ domain of the NHERF family of proteins is found at the C termini of a variety of intracellular proteins, NHERF and NHERF-2 may be multifunctional adaptor proteins involved in many previously unsuspected aspects of intracellular signaling.
A model for the representation and extraction of visual knowledge from illustrated texts (1988)

Due to the character of the original source materials and the nature of batch digitization, quality control issues may be present in this document. Please report any quality issues you encounter to digital@library.tamu.edu, referencing the URI of the item.
Composition and bandgap control in Cu(In,Ga)Se2-based absorbers formed by reaction of metal precursors (2014)

The control of composition and bandgap in chalcopyrite thin-film absorber layers formed by a metal precursor reaction is addressed. Two processes using reaction with either H2Se or H2S as the final step of a three-step reaction process were compared as follows: a three-step H2Se/Ar/H2S reaction and a three-step H2Se/Ar/H2Se reaction. In both processes, significant Ga homogenization was obtained during the second-step Ar anneal, but the third-step selenization resulted in Ga depletion near the Cu(InGa)Se2 surface, whereas the third-step sulfization did not. Solar cells were fabricated using absorbers formed using each method, and the surface Ga depletion significantly affected device performances. The solar cell incorporating the sulfization yielded a better device performance, with an efficiency of 14.4% (without an anti-reflection layer) and an open-circuit voltage of 609 mV. The bandgap control in the metal precursor reaction is discussed in conjunction with the device behavior. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Procedimiento y catalizadores para la obtención selectiva de alquilglicósidos (1999)

Referencia OEPM: P9502187.-- Fecha de solicitud: 11/08/1995.-- Titulares: Universidad Politécnica de Valencia. (Valencia), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC).