gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nitroso–Redox Balance in the Cardiovascular System (2004)

In this issue of the Journal, Taylor and colleagues report the results of the African-American Heart Failure Trial (A-HeFT), a double-blind, randomized trial that evaluated the effect of the addition of isosorbide dinitrate and hydralazine to the best conventional therapy in patients with symptomatic congestive heart failure who identified themselves as black.1 The results with the combination therapy were markedly positive, meeting the composite end point of the trial, which included death from any cause, a first hospitalization for heart failure, and quality-of-life measures. In addition, there was an impressive reduction in the rate of death from any cause of . . .
microRNAs in Cell Biology and Diseases (2008)

The founding members of the miRNA family, lin-4 and let-7, were first identified as fundamental development regulators in Caenorhabditis elegans. The majority of animal miRNAs have been discovered by cloning and by bioinformatic analyses, and their implications in basic cellular functions such as differentiation, proliferation, development, and apoptosis have been clearly documented. Microarray analyses showed that each miRNA downregulates more than 100 mRNAs, impacting many different biologic functions. Among the cell functions regulated by miRNAs are differentiation and maintenance of stemness. The study of the role of miRNAs in a complex disease such as cancer inevitably implies investigating the possible function of the noncoding RNAs in many different fields, from genetic to epigenetic modifications of cancer cells. Many studies have been conducted both in solid tumors and in hematologic malignancies, showing that some miRNAs are expressed at higher levels in cancers, with respect to the normal counterpart, suggesting a possible role as oncogene.
Knockout of type VI collagen improves cardiac function and remodeling following myocardial infarction (2012)

Cardiac remodeling is a dynamic process that is accelerated following myocardial infarction (MI) injury. We have previously reported that in addition to type I and III collagen, type VI collagen deposition also increases in response to MI. The goal of this project was to determine whether type VI collagen influences post‐MI remodeling using mice lacking this collagen. We induced MI by occluding the LAD in wild type (WT) and collagen VI null mice ( Col6KO ) and studied remodeling 1–8 weeks following MI. Ejection fraction was significantly preserved (43.9 ± 3.3% vs. 29.1 ± 4.3% for WT) and LV chamber dilation was attenuated in the Col6KO MI group (25.8 ± 7.9% increase vs. 62.6 ± 16.5% for WT). Apoptosis was significantly decreased in Col6KO mice at day 14 compared to WT. Isolectin staining indicated baseline blood vessel density in Col6KO mice was greater than WT mice. Interstitial collagen levels were reduced 39.6 ± 9.8% and electron microscopy shows more dramatic mitochondrial and nuclear ultrastructural morphology changes in Col6KO MI mice. We conclude that the absence of type VI collagen preserves cardiac function and limits aberrant remodeling of the myocardium following MI.
Using Control Theory to Improve Productivity of Service Systems (2007)

The trend towards service business is progressing rapidly throughout the world economics. Responding to the demands for service innovation and service productivity improvement, service science is emerging as a new research field that applies multi-disciplinary studies to service systems. In this paper we propose using control theory as a means to design service management solutions that are robust to system dynamics and uncertainty. We further present several control problems and challenges that are fundamental to service systems, and the opportunities of applying control theory to modeling service systems, controlling service resources, and monitoring service quality. Moreover, we demonstrate how control technologies can be applied to service systems through three case studies: (1) quantifying the complexity and IT management, (2) dispatching consultants in service transition, and (3) monitoring service quality and variability.
Intellicount: High-Throughput Quantification of Fluorescent Synaptic Protein Puncta by Machine Learning (2017)

Synapse formation analyses can be performed by imaging and quantifying fluorescent signals of synaptic markers. Traditionally, these analyses are done using simple or multiple thresholding and segmentation approaches or by labor-intensive manual analysis by a human observer. Here, we describe <i>Intellicount</i>, a high-throughput, fully-automated synapse quantification program which applies a novel machine learning (ML)-based image processing algorithm to systematically improve region of interest (ROI) identification over simple thresholding techniques. Through processing large datasets from both human and mouse neurons, we demonstrate that this approach allows image processing to proceed independently of carefully set thresholds, thus reducing the need for human intervention. As a result, this method can efficiently and accurately process large image datasets with minimal interaction by the experimenter, making it less prone to bias and less liable to human error. Furthermore, <i>Intellicount</i> is integrated into an intuitive graphical user interface (GUI) that provides a set of valuable features, including automated and multifunctional figure generation, routine statistical analyses, and the ability to run full datasets through nested folders, greatly expediting the data analysis process.
Palladium/Silver-Cocatalyzed Tandem Reactions of Oxabenzonorbornadienes with Substituted Arylacetylenes: A Simple Method for the Preparation of 1,2-Diarylethanones and 1,2-Diarylacetylenes (2015)

The effective synthesis of 1,2-diarylethanones was achieved using palladium(II) acetate [Pd(OAc)2] and silver triflate (AgOTf) as cocatalysts from various oxabenzonorbornadiene derivatives and substituted arylacetylenes via tandem reactions under mild conditions. Exploration of the oxabenzonorbornadiene substrates showed that the 1,2-diarylacetylenes were obtained from adjacent alkoxy substituted oxabenzonorbornadiene derivatives. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that the AgOTf served as an indispensable catalyst, and the mechanism of the tandem reaction was proposed.
Cooperative Dynamics in Duplexes of Stacked Hydrogen-Bonded Moieties (1999)

The self-assembly of two bis-2-ureido-4[1H]-pyrimidinones by eight intermolecular hydrogen bonds results in extremely stable dimers. These dimers exist both in solution and in the solid state as two different isomers. By single-crystal X-ray analyses the structures of both the syn-isomer and the anti-isomer have been determined. In addition, with ROESY experiments the structure of a third isomer is revealed. By a combination of NMR techniques the mutual rate of exchange has been determined. Interestingly, these values are significantly lower than the comparable processes of a single 2-ureido-4[1H]-pyrimidinone. These experiments allowed us to determine the cooperativity in conformational behavior and tautomerization of stable dimers.
Arteriovenous malformations of the posterior fossa: a report on 28 cases and review of the literature (1995)

Posterior fossa arteriovenous malformations are uncommon lesions accounting for between 7 and 18% of all intracranial arteriovenous malformations. They have a greater incidence of haemorrhage and a higher morbidity and mortality if untreated compared with those localized in the supratentorial compartment. We report our experience with 28 cases of posterior fossa arteriovenous malformations referred to the senior author between January 1971 and December 1993. The anatomy, symptomatology, treatment and results are discussed with regard to the most recent literature.
Chemical derivatization for electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry: Aromatic, heteroaromatic and other highly-conjugated systems (1994)

The high specificity of ES-MS for species that are ionic in solution means that the range of compound types amenable to analysis by the technique is limited. However, derivatization to form an ionic species, i.e., an {open_quotes}electrospray-active{close_quotes} (ES-active) form of the analyte, may be used to allow the detection of species for which the technique is currently {open_quotes}blind{close_quotes}.
156 µm 1 watt single frequency semiconductor disk laser (2013)

A single frequency wafer-fused semiconductor disk laser at 1.56 µm with 1 watt of output power and a coherence length over 5 km in fiber is demonstrated. The result represents the highest output power reported for a narrow-line semiconductor disk laser operating at this spectral range. The study shows the promising potential of the wafer fusion technique for power scaling of single frequency vertical-cavity lasers emitting in the 1.3-1.6 µm range.
Soft-matter nanofluidic and bioclectronic systems integrated to solid-state devices (2005)

Summary form only given. We develop nanoscale soft-matter devices with complex functionalities inspired from biological systems. The fabrication and large-scale integration of these systems are critically dependent on micromachined solid-state substrates and devices such as structural, MEMS, microelectronic, and microfluidic components. Specifically, we have developed micromanipulation methods for the construction of liquid crystal (lipid bilayer) nano-networks of high geometrical and topological complexity. The networks consist of surface-immobilized unilamellar vesicles (/spl sim/5-25 /spl mu/m in diameter) conjugated with nanotubes 50-150 nm in radius. The membrane composition (e.g. lipids, transporters, receptors, and catalytic sites), and container contents (e.g. catalytic particles, organelles, and reactants) can be controlled on the single-container level allowing complex chemical programming of networks. Fluid movement in nanotubes and materials exchange between conjugated containers can be obtained by using either Marangoni flows (transport driven by a moving boundary caused by gradients in surface free energy) or by electrophoresis. As an example, transport of individual DNA molecules in nanotubes is shown. The photon counts/DNA is directly related to DNA concentration and due to the strong confinement, the burst profiles can yield information on the conformation of migrating DNA molecules. Thus, networks of nanotubes and vesicles serve as a platform to build nanofluidic devices operating with single molecules and particles and offers new opportunities to study conformational dynamics and reaction kinetics in confined biomimetic compartments as well as providing nanotechnological devices for e.g. DNA separation and quantitation. The networks can also be used to construct computational and complex sensor systems that also can be integrated to living cells. Finally, a recent work on cell-based biosensors integrated with microfluidic devices is presented. In particular, a microfluidics-patch clamp platform for performing high-throughput screening and rapid characterization of weak affinity ion-channel-ligand interactions, and a chip-based electroporation platform for identification of intracellular proteins, and characterization of protein-ligand interactions are demonstrated.
Crosstalk Increase in Tightly Bent Multi-Core Fiber Due to Power Coupling Mediated by Cladding Modes (2013)

We developed simplified coupled-power equations including cladding modes, and revealed that crosstalk in tightly bent multi-core fibers can be increased from the existing predictions. The crosstalk increase was proportional to the square of the bend loss coefficient, and validated by experimental results, for the first time.
Birefringence microscopy platform for assessing airway smooth muscle structure and function in vivo (2016)

The inability to visualize airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells in vivo is a major obstacle in understanding their role in normal physiology and diseases. At present, there is no imaging modality available to assess ASM in vivo. Confocal endomicroscopy lacks the penetration depth and field of view, and conventional optical coherence tomography (OCT) does not have sufficient contrast to differentiate ASM from surrounding tissues. We have developed a birefringence microscopy platform that leverages the micro-organization of tissue to add further dimension to traditional OCT. We have used this technology to validate ASM measurements in ex vivo swine and canine studies, visualize and characterize volumetric representations of ASM in vivo, and quantify and predict ASM contractile force as a function of optical retardation. We provide in vivo images and volumetric assessments of ASM in living humans and document structural disease variations in subjects with mild asthma. The opportunity to link inflammatory responses to ASM responses and to link ASM responses to clinical responses and outcomes could lead to an increased understanding of diseases of the airway and, ultimately, to improved patient outcomes.
Predicting the lumbosacral joint centre location from palpable anatomical landmarks (2011)

The kinematics of the lumbar spine have previously been described by considering the bearing of the pelvis and lower back. However earlier studies have not described an intersegmental angle measured about a single point; which is necessary for investigation into movement, posture and balance, and lower back pain and injury. This study used computed tomography (CT) scans of 16 pelves to determine the location of palpable bony landmarks, and the junction of the fifth lumbar and first sacral vertebrae within a pelvis axis system. Data were used to derive equations which express the three-dimensional location of the lumbosacral joint centre as an offset from palpable surface landmarks. The magnitude of X, Y, Z offsets was controlled using individual pelvic geometry, and robustness and repeatability of the method was assessed. Regression equations provided the location of the lumbosacral junction to within 8.2mm (+/- 3.4mm) of its true coordinate. Leave-one-out analyses calculated equation coefficients using 15 of the original pelves, with the 16th acting as a control; average errors increased by 6.7 per cent (+/- 0.1 percent). To the authors' knowledge the current method is the most accurate non-invasive means of locating the lumbosacral junction and may be useful for constructing biomechanical models.
CADD-13. COMBINED INHIBITION OF NICOTINAMIDE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE (NAMPT) AND POLY (ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASE (PARP) IMPAIRS GLIOBLASTOMA CELL GROWTH (2018)

Glioblastoma is aggressive with poor prognosis. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is essential to maintain nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide metabolism during rapid proliferation and regulates poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), which is crucial for DNA repair. Targeting both NAMPT and PARP may represent a treatment strategy in glioblastoma. We hypothesize that the combined inhibition of NAMPT and PARP can induce synergistic cell death in tumor, while sparing significant cytotoxicity in normal astrocytes. NAMPT expression was determined in a group of six human glioblastoma cell lines and normal human astrocytes (NHA) by Western blotting. To analyze the cytotoxic effects of the treatments in tumor and normal cells, U251 and NHA cells were selected to receive FK866 (NAMPT inhibitor), Olaparib (PARP inhibitor), or both drugs for 72 hours prior to the cell viability test. Various levels of NAMPT expression were demonstrated in a group of glioblastoma cell lines and NHA, where U251 showed the strongest expression. We demonstrated a significant decrease of cell viability in U251 cells that were treated with FK866 in a dose-dependent manner. A 32% reduction of cell viability was demonstrated at a dose as low as 10 nM. However, a 28% reduction of cell viability was found in NHA at the EC50 concentration for U251 cells. When tumor cells were treated with a combination of FK866 and Olaparib at their EC50 concentrations (28nM and 406nM), 72% and 50% reductions of cell viability occurred in tumor cells and NHA, respectively. The combined treatment with FK866 and Olaparib enhances cytotoxicity in glioblastoma cells compared to the single-agent therapy, representing a promising therapeutic strategy. However, the toxic effects on NHA are concerning and warrant further investigations to determine a precise therapeutic window in preclinical models before the treatment is considered for clinical trials.
<title>Hierarchical edge detector using the first- and second-derivative operators</title> (1992)

This paper presents a new method for edge detection by combining the Sobel operator and the Laplacian of Gaussian (LoG) operator. The underlying idea is to combine the advantages of both operators and eliminate their disadvantages. Different methods of combining the two operators are considered. One method yields promising results in precise and blur free edge detection, and good stability versus image noise. A method for designing the LoG kernel is also presented.
FP317PROTEINURIA DECREASES IN THE ACTIVITY OF FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 23 AND REDUCED FGF23 ACTIVITY IS ASSOCIATED WITH RENAL PROGRESSION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE: RESULT FROM KNOW-CKD STUDY (2018)

mass index (BMI) and the rate of progression of CKD has been less well studied.This study aims to determine the relationship between BMI and progression of CKD adjusted for major confounding factors. METHODS: Retrospective, observational study in a cohort of adult patients with CKD stage 4-5 not yet on dialysis. Patients with recent acute kidney injury or those with glomerular diseases or vasculitis under immunosuppressive therapy were excluded.The slope of the regression line of eGFR (MDRD) over time (ml/min/1.73m 2 /year) was used to assess the rate of renal failure progression.Patients were divided into 3 subgroups according to BMI: <25, 25-30, and >30 kg/m 2 . RESULTS: The study group consisted of 915 patients (mean age 65614 years, 48% women) with a median follow-up time of 23 months. Mean eGFR slope was -3.3564.44 ml/min/1.73m 2 /year.A BMI of 25 kg/m 2 represented the cut-off point below which the progression of CKD turn out to be faster. The mean decline of renal function in this subgroup was significantly faster than the rest of the patients: -4.4164.77 vs. -3.0664.31 ml/min/1.73m 2 /year (p<0.0001). These 196 patients with a BMI<25 kg/m 2 were significantly younger, with less comorbidity, well controlled blood pressure with less medication, lower markers of malnutrition and inflammation, and similar proteinuria, although the number of current smokers was significantly greater.Both BMI as a continuous and as a dummy variable (BMI below 25 kg/m 2 ) were significant and independently associated with the rate of progression of CKD ( 0.103; p 0.001, and -0.121; p <0.0001, respectively) in multivariate linear regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, comorbidity, CKD etiology, blood pressure, proteinuria, and prescribed medication. CONCLUSIONS: While obesity is a risk factor for developing CKD, being thin is independent and significantly associated with a faster progression of CKD at later stages. This association cannot be explained by age, sex, comorbidity, malnutrition-inflammation, and it is independent of CKD etiology, blood pressure or proteinuria.
The Diagnostic Value of Cardiac Deceleration Capacity in Vasovagal Syncope (2020)

DC>7.5 ms may serve as a good tool to monitor cardiac vagal activity and discriminate VVS, particularly in those with negative tilt table test.
Melanocortin 1 Receptor Signaling Regulates Cholesterol Transport in Macrophages (2017)

Our findings identify a novel role for MC1-R in macrophage cholesterol transport. Activation of MC1-R confers protection against macrophage foam cell formation through a dual mechanism: It prevents cholesterol uptake while concomitantly promoting ABCA1- and ABCG1-mediated reverse cholesterol transport.
Appreciating the art of the Supplement (2022)

Expanding Sunday newspaper circulation and mass readership meant establishing or altering networks of technologies and systems of transportation. In the 1890s, great advances in audio-visual reproduction introduced new technologies of recorded and telephonic sound, and of moving and print images. All became supplements to newsprint. Illustrated Sunday features often extolled technological advancements to heighten and extend the sensory experiences of newspaper reading. Particularly descriptive journalism was routinely labeled “pen pictures,” but new technologies were used symbolically to enhance eyewitness reporting. Hot-air ballooning let reporters write from beyond a human perspective. Columns were written as talk from telephones, described as if projected by vitascopes and instantaneous photographs. Interviews were illustrated by photographs and frames from moving pictures. Experiments combining news reporting with cinema and wireless. Many early newsreels were produced and promoted as newspaper supplements named Herald Movies and Motion Picture Magazines. Feature stories depicted future uses of visual telegraphy and wireless printing. Discourses of marvel and wonder posited the Sunday paper itself as a marvel of modern society, connected to all the important advances of the day. In all these cases, precision, sound, and movement added to newspapers' foundational strength in mass address, in the ability to circulate.