gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical and Microbiological Responses of Volunteers to Combined Intranasal and Oral Inoculation with a Streptococcus gordonii Carrier Strain Intended for Future Use as a Group A Streptococcus Vaccine (2005)

Streptococcus gordonii shows promise as a live mucosal vaccine vector for immunization against respiratory pathogens. In preparation for clinical trials to evaluate S. gordonii engineered to express group A streptococcal M protein antigens, we characterized the responses of 150 healthy volunteers to combined nasal and oral inoculation with approximately 1.5 x 10(9) CFU of SP204(1-1), an S. gordonii strain not bearing vaccine antigens. SP204(1-1) was selected for resistance to streptomycin and 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine to distinguish it from indigenous flora. In two antibiotic treatment studies, we performed serial culturing of nose, mouth, and saliva samples from 120 subjects treated with azithromycin beginning 5 days after inoculation to determine whether SP204(1-1) could be rapidly eliminated should safety concerns arise. A natural history study was performed to assess the time until spontaneous eradication in the remaining 30 subjects, who did not receive the antibiotic and who were monitored with repeated culturing for 14 weeks after inoculation. SP204(1-1) was generally well tolerated. Symptoms reported most often within 5 days of inoculation were nasal congestion (36%), headache (30%), and sore throat (19%). The strain was detected by culturing in 98% of subjects. A single dose of azithromycin eliminated colonization in 95% of subjects; all subjects receiving a 5-day course of an antibiotic showed clearance by day 11. Without the antibiotic, 82% of subjects showed spontaneous eradication of the implanted strain within 7 days, and all showed clearance by 35 days. The results of these clinical trials provide encouragement that the use of S. gordonii as a live mucosal vaccine vector is a feasible strategy.
Probing the Surface of Colloidal Nanomaterials with Potentiometry in Situ (2014)

Colloidal nanomaterials represent an important branch of modern chemistry. However, we have very little understanding of molecular processes that occur at the nanocrystal (NC) surface during synthesis and post-synthetic modifications. Here we show that potentiometry can be used to study the surface of colloidal NCs under realistic reaction conditions. Potentiometric titrations of CdSe and InP nanostructures provide information on the active surface area, the affinity of ligands to the NC surface, and the surface reaction kinetics. These studies can be carried out at different temperatures in polar and nonpolar media for NCs of different sizes and shapes. In situ potentiometry can provide real-time feedback during synthesis of core-shell nanostructures.
Traditional Risk Factors and Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients Hospitalized with Cocaine‐Associated Chest Pain (2007)

Several traditional risk factors are associated with the diagnosis of AMI among patients hospitalized with cocaine-associated chest pain and increasing risk factor score was associated with increasing odds of AMI diagnosis.
Distributed Call Admission Control for VoIP over 802.11 WLANs Based on Channel Load Estimation (2010)

Call Admission Control (CAC) is recognized as one of the key strategies to achieve satisfactory QoS support for VoIP over IEEE 802.11 WLANs. However, most of the prior CAC solutions for VoIP over WLAN are centralized, and the few distributed CAC schemes proposed so far do not account for issues such as the loss of channel time due to medium contention and the coexistence of VoIP traffic with background traffic such as TCP data flows. In this paper, we describe a distributed CAC scheme which aims at addressing these issues by leveraging on channel monitoring techniques, thus being readily implementable in today's consumer devices. The proposed scheme is thoroughly evaluated by means of testbed experiments as well as network simulations in different scenarios, and it is shown to yield a better CAC performance with respect to prior solutions.
Self-aligned quadruple patterning using spacer on spacer integration optimization for N5 (2017)

To meet scaling requirements, the semiconductor industry has extended 193nm immersion lithography beyond its minimum pitch limitation using multiple patterning schemes such as self-aligned double patterning, self-aligned quadruple patterning and litho-etch / litho etch iterations. Those techniques have been declined in numerous options in the last few years. Spacer on spacer pitch splitting integration has been proven to show multiple advantages compared to conventional pitch splitting approach. Reducing the number of pattern transfer steps associated with sacrificial layers resulted in significant decrease of cost and an overall simplification of the double pitch split technique. While demonstrating attractive aspects, SAQP spacer on spacer flow brings challenges of its own. Namely, material set selections and etch chemistry development for adequate selectivities, mandrel shape and spacer shape engineering to improve edge placement error (EPE). In this paper we follow up and extend upon our previous learning and proceed into more details on the robustness of the integration in regards to final pattern transfer and full wafer critical dimension uniformity. Furthermore, since the number of intermediate steps is reduced, one will expect improved uniformity and pitch walking control. This assertion will be verified through a thorough pitch walking analysis.
Capabilities of diffractive optical elements for real-time holographic displays (2008)

This paper illustrates one of the various capabilities of static diffractive optical elements (DOE) beneficial to realtime holographic displays. Custom kinoform-type DOE can be used as elements for illumination of the spatial light modulator, i.e. the display where the video hologram is encoded. For an RGB application of diffractive optical elements, particular issues concerning the inherent wavelength-dependence have to be addressed. Multiorder DOE offer a way to compensate for chromatic as well as monochromatic aberrations. We will discuss concepts and performance of multi-order DOE, show their application in holographic displays, describe issues of fabrication and replication, and give experimental results of the multi-order DOE performance.
Polycystin:In vitrosynthesis,in vivotissue expression, and subcellular localization identifies a large membrane-associated protein (1997)

The primary structure of polycystin predicts a large integral membrane protein with multiple cell recognition motifs, but its function remains unknown. Insight into polycystin's normal function and its role in the development of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (PKD1) requires the assembly of an extensive collection of molecular reagents to examine its expression and create model systems for functional studies. Development of these crucial reagents has been complicated due to the presence of transcriptionally active homologous loci. We have assembled the authentic full-length PKD1 cDNA and demonstrated expression of polycystin in vitro. Polyclonal antibodies directed against distinct extra- and intracellular domains specifically immunoprecipitated in vitro translated polycystin. The panel of antibodies was used to determine localization of polycystin in renal epithelial and endothelial cell lines and tissues of fetal, adult, and cystic origins. In normal adult kidney and maturing fetal nephrons, polycystin expression was confined to epithelial cells of the distal nephron and vascular endothelial cells. Expression in the proximal nephron was only observed after injury-induced cell proliferation. Polycystin expression was confined to ductal epithelium in liver, pancreas, and breast, and restricted to astrocytes in normal brain. We report clear evidence for the membrane localization of polycystin by both tissue sections and by confocal microscopy in cultured renal and endothelial cells. Interestingly, when cultured cells made cell-cell contact, polycystin was localized to the lateral membranes of cells in contact. These data suggest that polycystin is likely to have a widespread role in epithelial cell differentiation and maturation and in cell-cell interactions.
Gradient-index binocular objective design (1986)

A two-element binocular objective with one axial gradient-index element was designed and compared with a three-element homogeneous objective. The index was constrained so that the gradient could be fabricated.
A 1.4-pJ/b, power-scalable 16&#x00D7;12-Gb/s source-synchronous I/O with DFE receiver in 32nm SOI CMOS technology (2014)

A power-scalable 2-Byte I/O operating at 12-Gb/s per lane is reported. The I/O includes controllable TX driver amplitude, flexible RX equalization, and multiple deskew modes. This allows power reduction when operating over low-loss, low-skew interconnects, while at the same time supporting higher-loss channels. Measurements of a test chip fabricated in 32nm SOI CMOS technology demonstrate 1.4-pJ/b efficiency over 0.75” Megtron-6 PCB traces, and 1.9-pJ/b efficiency over 20” Megtron-6 PCB traces.
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-4 from Tasquinimod Is an Allosteric Modulator of HDAC4 Survival Signaling within the Compromised Cancer Microenvironment (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 65K&lt;/p&gt;
Molecular engineering of safe and efficacious oral basal insulin (2020)

Recently, the clinical proof of concept for the first ultra-long oral insulin was reported, showing efficacy and safety similar to subcutaneously administered insulin glargine. Here, we report the molecular engineering as well as biological and pharmacological properties of these insulin analogues. Molecules were designed to have ultra-long pharmacokinetic profile to minimize variability in plasma exposure. Elimination plasma half-life of ~20 h in dogs and ~70 h in man is achieved by a strong albumin binding, and by lowering the insulin receptor affinity 500-fold to slow down receptor mediated clearance. These insulin analogues still stimulate efficient glucose disposal in rats, pigs and dogs during constant intravenous infusion and euglycemic clamp conditions. The albumin binding facilitates initial high plasma exposure with a concomitant delay in distribution to peripheral tissues. This slow appearance in the periphery mediates an early transient hepato-centric insulin action and blunts hypoglycaemia in dogs in response to overdosing.
TCA Cycle Involved Enzymes SucA and Kgd, as well as MenD: Efficient Biocatalysts for Asymmetric C–C Bond Formation (2013)

Asymmetric mixed carboligation reactions of α-ketoglutarate with different aldehydes were explored with the thiamine diphosphate dependent enzymes SucA from E. coli, Kgd from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and MenD from E. coli. All three enzymes proved to be efficient biocatalysts to selectively deliver chiral δ-hydroxy-γ-keto acids with moderate to excellent stereoselectivity. The high regioselectivity is due to the preserved role of α-ketoglutarate as acyl donor for these enzyme-catalyzed reactions.
Supplementary Data from Activation of MAPK Signaling by CXCR7 Leads to Enzalutamide Resistance in Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 1. Generation of Enz-resistant prostate cancer cell lines. Supplementary Figure 2. AR directly represses CXCR7 gene expression. Supplementary Figure 3. CXCR7 expression is required for C4-2B Enz-resistant prostate cancer cell survival and invasiveness. Supplementary Figure 4. CXCR7 activates MAPK pathway independently of CXCR4 and CXCL12. Supplementary Figure 5. ARRB2 expression is required for Enz-resistant prostate cancer cell growth and invasion. Supplementary Figure 6. CXCR7 is upregulated in metastatic prostate cancer. Supplementary Figure 7. MEK inhibitor trametinib suppresses Enz-resistant prostate cancer growth in vitro and in vivo. Supplementary Table S1: Oligonucleotides that were utilized in this study.&lt;/p&gt;
Detargeting Lentiviral-Mediated CFTR Expression in Airway Basal Cells Using miR-106b (2020)

Lentiviral-mediated integration of a <i>CFTR</i> transgene cassette into airway basal cells is a strategy being considered for cystic fibrosis (CF) cell-based therapies. However, <i>CFTR</i> expression is highly regulated in differentiated airway cell types and a subset of intermediate basal cells destined to differentiate. Since basal stem cells typically do not express CFTR, suppressing the <i>CFTR</i> expression from the lentiviral vector in airway basal cells may be beneficial for maintaining their proliferative capacity and multipotency. We identified miR-106b as highly expressed in proliferating airway basal cells and extinguished in differentiated columnar cells. Herein, we developed lentiviral vectors with the miR-106b-target sequence (miRT) to both study miR-106b regulation during basal cell differentiation and detarget CFTR expression in basal cells. Given that miR-106b is expressed in the 293T cells used for viral production, obstacles of viral genome integrity and titers were overcome by creating a 293T-B2 cell line that inducibly expresses the RNAi suppressor B2 protein from flock house virus. While miR-106b vectors effectively detargeted reporter gene expression in proliferating basal cells and following differentiation in the air-liquid interface and organoid cultures, the CFTR-miRT vector produced significantly less CFTR-mediated current than the non-miR-targeted CFTR vector following transduction and differentiation of CF basal cells. These findings suggest that miR-106b is expressed in certain airway cell types that contribute to the majority of CFTR anion transport in airway epithelium.
Corrigendum: Evolving Concepts in Phases I and II Drug Development for Crohn’s Disease (2018)

In the original article, author Marjolijn Duijvestein's first and surnames were incorrectly spelt. This has now been corrected.
Large closo boron hydrides (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleLarge closo boron hydridesJozef Bicerano, Dennis S. Marynick, and William N. LipscombCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1978, 17, 7, 2041–2042Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50185a079https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50185a079research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views78Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
“Occult” mastocytosis with activating c-kit point mutation evolving into systemic mastocytosis associated with plasma cell myeloma and secondary amyloidosis (2006)

A case of a 70-year-old man presenting with exsudative enteropathy due to light-chain-associated amyloidosis is reported. The diagnosis of systemic mastocytosis associated with IgG/lambda plasma cell myeloma and secondary generalised amyloidosis was carried out by morphological evaluation of bone marrow biopsy. The c-kit point mutation D816Y was detected by molecular analysis. Two years before, a cystadenolymphoma of the left parotid gland had been removed. A moderate increase of loosely scattered spindle-shaped mast cells, a subpopulation of them expressing CD25, an antigen that is not expressed by normal or reactive mast cells, was shown by retrospective analysis carried out on an intraparotideal lymph node. The c-kit mutation D816Y was shown by the molecular analysis of the lymph node. In summary, the notion that systemic mastocytosis may very rarely be associated with B cell neoplasms and that neoplastic mast cell infiltrates may be obscured because of only a minimal increase of atypical mast cells, which are outnumbered by other non-neoplastic cells in the same tissue, is supported by this case. This finding was preliminarily termed "occult" mastocytosis.
Micro-mechanical resonators for dynamically reconfigurable reduced voltage logic gates (2018)

Due to the limitations of transistor-based logic devices such as their poor performance at elevated temperature, alternative computing methods are being actively investigated. In this work, we present electromechanical logic gates using electrostatically coupled in-plane micro-cantilever resonators operated at modest vacuum conditions of 5 Torr. Operating in the first resonant mode, we demonstrate 2-bit XOR, 2- and 3-bit AND, 2- and 3-bit NOR, and 1-bit NOT gates; all condensed in the same device. Through the designed electrostatic coupling, the required voltage for the logic gates is reduced by 80%, along with the reduction in the number of electrical interconnects and devices per logic operation (contrary to transistors). The device is dynamically reconfigurable between any logic gates in real time without the need for any change in the electrical interconnects and the drive circuit. By operating in the first two resonant vibration modes, we demonstrate mechanical logic gates consisting of two 2-bit AND and two 2-bit XOR gates. The device is tested at elevated temperatures and is shown to be functional as a logic gate up to 150 °C. Also, the device has high reliability with demonstrated lifetime greater than 5 × 10 oscillations.
Discovery of S-[5-Amino-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-[3-(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)phenyl]methanone (RO3201195), an Orally Bioavailable and Highly Selective Inhibitor of p38 Map Kinase (2006)

A novel class of highly selective inhibitors of p38 MAP kinase was discovered from high throughput screening. The synthesis and optimization of a series of 5-amino-N-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl-3-phenylmethanones is described. An X-ray crystal structure of this series bound in the ATP binding pocket of unphosphorylated p38alpha established the presence of a unique hydrogen bond between the exocyclic amine of the inhibitor and threonine 106 which likely contributes to the selectivity for p38. The crystallographic information was used to optimize the potency and physicochemical properties of the series. The incorporation of the 2,3-dihydroxypropoxy moiety on the pyrazole scaffold resulted in a compound with excellent drug-like properties including high oral bioavailability. These efforts identified 63 (RO3201195) as an orally bioavailable and highly selective inhibitor of p38 which was selected for advancement into Phase I clinical trials.
Sparse Coding Frontend for Robust Neural Networks (2021)

Deep Neural Networks are known to be vulnerable to small, adversarially crafted, perturbations. The current most effective defense methods against these adversarial attacks are variants of adversarial training. In this paper, we introduce a radically different defense trained only on clean images: a sparse coding based frontend which significantly attenuates adversarial attacks before they reach the classifier. We evaluate our defense on CIFAR-10 dataset under a wide range of attack types (including Linf , L2, and L1 bounded attacks), demonstrating its promise as a general-purpose approach for defense.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct One‐Step Mono‐Functionalization of Symmetrical 1,2‐Diols. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Convenient synthesis of alkyl (Z)- and (E)-2,3-bis(trimethylstannyl)alk-2-enoates and N,N-dimethyl (E)-2,3-bis(trimethylstannyl)alk-2-enamides (1986)

Palladium(0)-catalysed addition of (Me3Sn)2 to the α,β-acetylenic esters (1a–n) and amides (4a–d) provides the (Z)-2,3-bis(trimethylstannyl)alk-2-enoates (2a–n) and the (E)-2,3-bis(trimethylstannyl)alk-2-enamides (6a–d), respectively; thermolysis of (2a–h) transforms these substances into the corresponding (E)-isomers (3a–h).
A method for estimating the potency of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors in man. (1987)

Dose-response curves of the effect of angiotensin I (A-I) infusion on diastolic blood pressure were constructed before and 3 h following single oral doses of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor cilazapril (1.25 to 30 mg) in six normal male subjects. Cilazapril shifted the A-I dose-response curves dose dependently rightward; Schild-plot analysis indicated a competitive antagonism by cilazapril with an apparent Ki-dose of about 0.6 mg.
GUILLOTINE PERFORMANCE: DUTY CYCLE ANALYSIS OF VITRECTOMY SYSTEMS (2009)

Systems showed different performances of duty cycle. This new classification will be useful for improved understanding of vitrectomy in these different systems.
Robust Optimization of RIS in Terahertz Under Extreme Molecular Re-Radiation Manifestations (2023)

Terahertz (THz) communication signals are susceptible to severe degradation because of the molecular interaction with the atmosphere in the form of subsequent absorption and re-radiation. Recently, reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has emerged as a potential technology to assist in THz communications by boosting signal power or providing virtual line-of-sight (LOS) paths. However, the re-radiated energy has either been modeled as a scattering component or as additive Gaussian noise in the literature. Since the precise characterization is still a work in progress, this paper presents the first comparative investigation of the performance of an RIS-aided THz system under these two extreme re-radiation models. In particular, we first develop a novel parametric channel model that encompasses both models of the re-radiation through a simple parameter change, and then utilize that to design a robust block-coordinate descent (BCD) algorithmic framework which maximizes a lower bound on channel capacity while accounting for imperfect channel state information (CSI). In this framework, the original problem is split into two sub-problems: a) receive beamformer optimization, and b) RIS phase-shift optimization. As the latter sub-problem (unlike the former) has no analytical solution, we propose three approaches for it: a) semi-definite relaxation (SDR) (high complexity), b) signal alignment (SA) (low complexity), and c) gradient descent (GD) (low complexity). The time complexities associated with the proposed approaches are explicitly derived. We analytically demonstrate the limited interference suppression capability of a passive RIS by deriving the stationary points of signal-to-interference and noise ratio (SINR) of a one-element RIS system with one interferer. Our numerical results also demonstrate that slightly better throughput is achieved when the re-radiation manifests as scattering.
Graphene, Nanotube, and NANOWIRE‐Based Electronics (2015)

Graphene, carbon nanotubes, and semiconductor nanowires are promising building blocks for high-performance nanoelectronic devices and circuits. These materials have been widely researched in the past decade. The studies were extended from their fundamental physics to device performance and integrated circuit implementation. In this chapter, these studies are systematically reviewed in order to provide a general background on these materials. Meanwhile, in-depth discussions on the fabrication mechanism/processes and device performance analysis are also provided. And some perspectives on further performance enhancement are also presented.