gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diabetes: a growing epidemic of all ages. (2003)

Oral health complications, including extensive periodontal disease, tooth loss, soft-tissue pathologies, xerostomia and burning mouth syndrome have been reported among patients with long-standing and poorly controlled diabetes. Dentists have an opportunity and responsibility to educate patients with diabetes about the oral complications of the disease, and to promote proper oral health behaviors that limit the risks of tooth loss, periodontal disease and soft-tissue pathologies.
Automatic image alignment for 3D environment modeling (2004)

We describe an approach for automatically registering color images with 3D laser scanned models. We use the chi-square statistic to compare color images to polygonal models texture mapped with acquired laser reflectance values. In complicated scenes we find that the chi-square test is not robust enough to permit an automatic global registration approach. Therefore, we introduce two techniques for obtaining initial pose estimates that correspond to a coarse alignment of the data. The first method is based on rigidly attaching a camera to a laser scanner and the second utilizes object tracking to decouple these imaging devices. The pose estimates serve as an initial guess for our optimization method, which maximizes the chi-square statistic over a local space of transformations in order to automatically determine the proper alignment.
MTORC1-Regulated Metabolism Controlled by TSC2 Limits Cardiac Reperfusion Injury (2021)

TSC2-S1365 phosphorylation status regulates myocardial substrate utilization, and its decline activates mTORC1 biasing metabolism away from fatty acid oxidation to glycolysis to confer protection against IR. This pathway is also engaged and reduced TSC2 S1365 phosphorylation required for effective IPC. Graphic Abstract: A graphic abstract is available for this article.
Samara: low-cost deployment for environmental sensing using passive autorotation (2012)

Distributed environmental sensors can provide valuable temperature and humidity measurements for bushfire fighting. However, the delay and expense of manual deployment limit their practical utility. We have developed a light-weight, disposable sensor that uses passive autorotation to deploy from the air and land gently. The key innovation of this work is the thin membrane wing which is fabricated from the same material as the flexible electronic circuit board, using mechanical design modeled on the samara seed.
S-nitrosylation therapy to improve oxygen delivery of banked blood (2013)

From the perspectives of disease transmission and sterility maintenance, the world's blood supplies are generally safe. However, in multiple clinical settings, red blood cell (RBC) transfusions are associated with adverse cardiovascular events and multiorgan injury. Because ∼85 million units of blood are administered worldwide each year, transfusion-related morbidity and mortality is a major public health concern. Blood undergoes multiple biochemical changes during storage, but the relevance of these changes to unfavorable outcomes is unclear. Banked blood shows reduced levels of S-nitrosohemoglobin (SNO-Hb), which in turn impairs the ability of stored RBCs to effect hypoxic vasodilation. We therefore reasoned that transfusion of SNO-Hb-deficient blood may exacerbate, rather than correct, impairments in tissue oxygenation, and that restoration of SNO-Hb levels would improve transfusion efficacy. Notably in mice, administration of banked RBCs decreased skeletal muscle pO2, but infusion of renitrosylated cells maintained tissue oxygenation. In rats, hemorrhage-induced reductions in muscle pO2 were corrected by SNO-Hb-repleted RBCs, but not by control, stored RBCs. In anemic awake sheep, stored renitrosylated, but not control RBCs, produced sustained improvements in O2 delivery; in anesthetized sheep, decrements in hemodynamic status, renal blood flow, and kidney function incurred following transfusion of banked blood were also prevented by renitrosylation. Collectively, our findings lend support to the idea that transfusions may be causally linked to ischemic events and suggest a simple approach to prevention (i.e., SNO-Hb repletion). If these data are replicated in clinical trials, renitrosylation therapy could have significant therapeutic impact on the care of millions of patients.
New genetic loci implicated in fasting glucose homeostasis and their impact on type 2 diabetes risk (2019)

Levels of circulating glucose are tightly regulated. To identify new loci influencing glycemic traits, we performed meta-analyses of 21 genome-wide association studies informative for fasting glucose, fasting insulin and indices of beta-cell function (HOMA-B) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in up to 46,186 nondiabetic participants. Follow-up of 25 loci in up to 76,558 additional subjects identified 16 loci associated with fasting glucose and HOMA-B and two loci associated with fasting insulin and HOMA-IR. These include nine loci newly associated with fasting glucose (in or near ADCY5, MADD, ADRA2A, CRY2, FADS1, GLIS3, SLC2A2, PROX1 and C2CD4B) and one influencing fasting insulin and HOMA-IR (near IGF1). We also demonstrated association of ADCY5, PROX1, GCK, GCKR and DGKB-TMEM195 with type 2 diabetes. Within these loci, likely biological candidate genes influence signal transduction, cell proliferation, development, glucose-sensing and circadian regulation. Our results demonstrate that genetic studies of glycemic traits can identify type 2 diabetes risk loci, as well as loci containing gene variants that are associated with a modest elevation in glucose levels but are not associated with overt diabetes.
Closed‐form expressions for flip angle variation that maximize total signal in T1‐weighted rapid gradient echo MRI (2017)

Describing the MR signal collection in MPRAGE sequences as a Bellman problem is a new concept. By means of recursively solving a series of overlapping subproblems, this leads to an elegant solution for the problem of maximizing total available MR signal in k-space. A closed-form expression for flip angle variation avoids the complexity of numerical optimization and eases access to controlled variation in an attempt to identify potential clinical applications.
Catalytic hydrotreating of black liquor oils (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalytic hydrotreating of black liquor oilsDouglas C. Elliott and Anja OasmaaCite this: Energy Fuels 1991, 5, 1, 102–109Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1991https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00025a018RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views477Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Optimal mechanical design of anatomical post-systems for endodontic restoration (2008)

This paper analyses the mechanical behaviour of a new reinforced anatomical post-systems (RAPS) for endodontic restoration. The composite restorative material (CRM) completely fills the root canal (as do the commonly used cast metal posts) and multiple prefabricated composite posts (PCPs) are employed as reinforcements. Numerical simulations based on 3D linearly elastic finite element models under parafunctional loads were performed in order to investigate the influence of the stiffness of the CRM and of the number of PCPs. Periodontal ligament effects were taken into account using a discretised anisotropic nonlinearly elastic spring system, and the full discrete model was validated by comparing the resulting stress fields with those obtained with conventional restorations (cast gold-alloy post, homogeneous anatomical post and cemented single PCP) and with the natural tooth. Analysis of the results shows that stresses at the cervical/middle region decrease as CRM stiffness increases and, for large and irregular root cavities that apical stress peaks disappear when multiple PCPs are used. Accordingly, from a mechanical point of view, an optimal RAPS will use multiple PCPs when CRM stiffness is equal to or at most twice that of the dentin. This restorative solution minimises stress differences with respect to the natural tooth, mechanical inhomogeneities, stress concentrations on healthy tissues, volumes subject to shrinkage phenomena, fatigue effects and risks of both root fracture and adhesive/cohesive interfacial failure.
Applications of a class of nonlinear filters to problems in power electronics (2002)

A class of nonlinear filters with potential application in power electronics is considered. The class of filters is characterized by the inclusion of a sorting element in the signal path. The sorting operation allows these filters to suppress impulsive noise while preserving edges and monotonic sections of signals. They are generally simple to implement offline and should be included as an additional set of analysis tools for the power systems designer. Emphasis is placed on the median filter, since it is the most accessible filter of the class. A working knowledge of issues arising in design and implementation is developed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Computational Screening for Nested Organic Cage Complexes (2019)

Supramolecular self-assembly has allowed the synthesis of beautiful and complex molecular architectures, such as cages, macrocycles, knots, catenanes, and rotaxanes. We focus here on porous organic cages, which are molecules that have an intrinsic cavity and multiple windows. These cages have been shown to be highly effective at molecular separations and encapsulations. We investigate the possibility of complexes where one cage sits within the cavity of another. We term this a `nested cage' complex. The design of such complexes is highly challenging, so we use computational screening to explore 8712 different pair combinations, running almost 0.5M calculations to sample the phase space of the cage conformations. Through analysing the binding energies of the assemblies, we identify highly energetically favourable pairs of cages in nested cage complexes. The vast majority of the most favourable complexes include the large imine cage reported by Gawronski and co-workers using a [8+12] reaction of 4-tert-butyl-2,6-diformylphenol and cis,cis-1,3,5-triaminocyclohexane. The most energetically favourable nested cage complex combines the Gawronski cage with a dodecaamide cage that has six vertices, which can sit in the six windows of the larger cage. We also identify cages that have favourable binding energies for self-catenation.
Undulatory topographical waves for flow-induced foulant sweeping (2019)

Diverse bioinspired antifouling strategies have demonstrated effective fouling-resistant properties with good biocompatibility, sustainability, and long-term activity. However, previous studies on bioinspired antifouling materials have mainly focused on material aspects or static architectures of nature without serious consideration of kinetic topographies or dynamic motion. Here, we propose a magnetically responsive multilayered composite that can generate coordinated, undulatory topographical waves with controlled length and time scales as a new class of dynamic antifouling materials. The undulatory surface waves of the dynamic composite induce local and global vortices near the material surface and thereby sweep away foulants from the surface, fundamentally inhibiting their initial attachment. As a result, the dynamic composite material with undulating topographical waves provides an effective means for efficient suppression of biofilm formation without surface modification with chemical moieties or nanoscale architectures.
Unusual Amino Acid Sequence of the Second Ig-Like Domain of the Feline CD4 Protein (1992)

We have cloned and sequenced the cDNA for cat CD4. The overall amino-acid sequence of cat CD4 is similar to that from the primate and rodent CD4 molecules, with a 58% identity between the cat and human sequences. Comparison to the crystal structure of human CD4 does, however, reveal unusual features in the second Ig-like domain, D2, of cat CD4. First, a reciprocal substitution between a tryptophan and a cysteine, this latter involved in an intrasheet disulfide bond of human D2, is predicted to generate an intrastrand disulfide bond, a feature rarely observed in an Ig-fold. Second, a large serine-threonine-rich insertion is found between the A and B beta strands of D2. This sequence is a potential O-linked glycosylation site, and should protrude in a region that appears flexible in human CD4. This unusual insertion could affect the interaction of cat CD4 with class II molecules, or with FIV, a feline homolog of HIV. The expression of cat CD4 in different environment, or of a mutated human CD4 carrying the cat insertion, should help in understanding the role of cat CD4 as a putative receptor for FIV, and the CD4/MHC class II interaction.
Roles of Conserved Active Site Residues in the Ketosynthase Domain of an Assembly Line Polyketide Synthase (2016)

Ketosynthase (KS) domains of assembly line polyketide synthases (PKSs) catalyze intermodular translocation of the growing polyketide chain as well as chain elongation via decarboxylative Claisen condensation. The mechanistic roles of ten conserved residues in the KS domain of Module 1 of the 6-deoxyerythronolide B synthase were interrogated via site-directed mutagenesis and extensive biochemical analysis. Although the C211A mutant at the KS active site exhibited no turnover activity, it was still a competent methylmalonyl-ACP decarboxylase. The H346A mutant exhibited reduced rates of both chain translocation and chain elongation, with a greater effect on the latter half-reaction. H384 contributed to methylmalonyl-ACP decarboxylation, whereas K379 promoted C-C bond formation. S315 played a role in coupling decarboxylation to C-C bond formation. These findings support a mechanism for the translocation and elongation half-reactions that provides a well-defined starting point for further analysis of the key chain-building domain in assembly line PKSs.
Accommodating IPv6 Addresses in Security Visualization Tools (2010)

Visualization is used by security analysts to help detect patterns and trends in large volumes of network traffic data. With IPv6 slowly being deployed around the world, network intruders are beginning to adapt their tools and techniques to work over IPv6 (versus IPv4). Many tools for visualizing network activity, while useful for detecting large-scale attacks and network behavior anomalies, still only support IPv4. In this article, we explore the current state of IPv6 support in some popular security visualization tools and identify the roadblocks preventing those tools from supporting the new protocol. We propose a filtering technique that helps reduce the occlusion of IPv6 sources on graphs and enables IPv4 visualization tools to display both IPv4 and IPv6 sources on a single graph. We also suggest using treemaps for visually representing the vast space of remote addresses in IPv6.
Nuclear Power: Considerations Post-Fukushima (2011)

Glenn Sjoden, Professor, School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology. Glenn is an expert in integrated nuclear system design, simulation, optimization, and methods development for both nuclear power systems and radiation detection applications. Glenn has more than 26 years of experience in a broad range of science and engineering applications as a technical director, nuclear research officer, professor, lead design engineer, and as a licensed engineering consultant. He came to Georgia Tech in November 2010 after serving on the faculty of the University of Florida in Gainesville. Glenn's experience includes treaty monitoring with the Air Force Technical Applications Center (AFTAC), and work in nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) arms control, and on advanced technology defense programs for the U.S. Government. He has also served as a technical expert and research lead for critical reviews supporting the Limited Test Ban Treaty (LTBT), the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty, and numerous classified defense projects. In addition, Glenn has completed more than 20 years of military service in the U.S. Air Force, retiring in 2004 as a Lieutenant Colonel. Glenn has a B.S. from Texas A&amp;M University, a M.S. from the Air Force Institute of Technology, and a Ph.D. from The Pennsylvania State University.
Dual-mode power amplifier module with in-band reconfigurable output power for multifunctional radar and radio communication systems (2014)

This paper presents a concept of dual-mode power amplifier (PA) module with in-band reconfigurable gain and output power. In the first mode, a wideband PA delivers a medium output power. This operational mode is particularly appropriate for ultra-wideband or multi-standard radio communication. In the second mode, a high power amplifier is turned on in order to deliver a high power signal within a sub-band for enhanced radar operation. This second mode allows both amplifiers to operate simultaneously in order to provide continuous service in sidebands. To demonstrate this concept, a network integrating a wideband medium output power PA and a narrowband high power PA is proposed. Both PA are based on low cost SiGe technology and optimized for maximum output power and Power Added Efficiency (PAE) in their operating frequency range. Simulated and measured results of a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) demonstrator validate the concept. The proposed sub-system would be of a great interest for multifunctional radar and radio communication systems.
Random Phasor Sums (2020)

In this chapter we examine the first-order statistical properties of the amplitude and phase of various kinds of random phasor sums. By “first-order” we mean the statistical properties at a point in space or, for time-varying speckle, in space–time. While in optics it is generally the intensity of the wave that is ultimately of interest, in both ultrasound and microwave imaging, the amplitude and phase of the field can be detected directly. For this reason, we focus attention in this chapter on the properties of the amplitude and phase of the resultant of a random phasor sum. In the chapter that follows, we examine the corresponding properties of the intensity, as appropriate for speckle in the optical region of the spectrum.
Distributed Energy-Spectrum Trading in Green Cognitive Radio Cellular Networks (2017)

Reducing the power consumption of base stations is crucial to enhancing the energy efficiency of cellular networks. As the number of mobile users increases exponentially, enhancing the spectrum efficiency is also critical in order to accommodate more users. In this paper, by exploiting the cooperation between secondary base stations (SBSs) and primary base stations (PBSs), we propose a new energy spectrum trading model to enhance the energy as well as spectrum efficiency of cellular networks. In our scheme, by leveraging cognitive radio, PBSs share some portion of their licensed spectrum with SBSs, and SBSs, in exchange, provide data service to the primary users under their coverage. We first prove that the power consumption minimization problem is NP-hard. Then, to decrease the computational complexity, we design an efficient distributed auction model including green energy aware bidding (GEAB) and adaptive bid selection (ABS) algorithms, to achieve a good approximation of the optimal solution in less time. Our simulation results show that the cooperation between PBS and SBSs via ABS and GEAB algorithms can significantly improve the energy and spectral efficiency of cellular networks by nearly doubling the number of offloaded users and reducing the PBS power consumption by up to 40% as compared to existing approaches. Furthermore, green energy utilization among SBSs is increased by nearly 25%.
Band Offset Measurements on Ultra-Thin (100) SOI MOSFETs (2007)

This work shows experimental evidence of structural quantum confinement showing up in the electrical device characteristics through a widening of the band gap. In this work, subthreshold currents in long channel ultra-thin SOI MOSFETs with (100) crystal orientation have been analyzed for various temperatures and different silicon body thicknesses in order to extract shifts in the band edges. Although the offsets in both the valence band and conduction band contribute to the total band gap, this work concentrates on the valence band offset, as the investigated devices are p-MOSFETs. Likewise, changes in the conduction band can be measured on n-type devices. The valence band edge was found to move downward for decreasing silicon body thickness, corresponding to a widening of the band gap. This implies that devices with an extremely thin semiconductor body exhibit a stronger temperature dependence. Good agreement with theory was observed.
High rate, long cycle life battery electrode materials with an open framework structure (2023)

A battery includes a cathode, an anode, and an aqueous electrolyte disposed between the cathode and the anode and including a cation A. At least one of the cathode and the anode includes an electrode material having an open framework crystal structure into which the cation A is reversibly inserted during operation of the battery. The battery has a reference specific capacity when cycled at a reference rate, and at least 75% of the reference specific capacity is retained when the battery is cycled at 10 times the reference rate.
Biometric Access Control for Digital Media Streams in Home Networks (2007)

Methods for controlling access to digital media content in the home environment using biometric sensing techniques are described. A wireless rebroadcast system for IP-TV content was retrofitted with a combination of fingerprint authentication and face recognition modules. Family members are enrolled and new individuals may be added to the system by a master user. Access to content requires fingerprint based authentication from a wireless PDA and the system also checks dynamically if it can recognize enrolled uses amongst those ''sitting on the couch ".
An interferometric method for dynamic extinction ratio measurement (2008)

We introduce a novel interferometric method for dynamic extinction ratio measurement of temporally demultiplexed pulses by using a high extinction modulator. The resulting extinction ratio is 44 dB. Our method has a dynamic range of ~60 dB.