gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In situ characterization of phospholipid coated electrodes (2000)

Four in situ techniques, quartz crystal microbalance, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, ellipsometry and atomic force microscopy, have been used to study the deposition of dioleoylphosphatidylglycerol (DOPG) films from vesicle solution onto 1-decanethiol coated gold surfaces. The experiments show that, although no one technique can give an unequivocal picture of the deposition process and structure of the final film, by combining the results from the four different techniques a consistent picture emerges. Initially, over the first 200 s a monolayer of DOPG is formed on the 1-decanethiol coated surface. Then at longer times and in the presence of 0.1 M NaCl and 0.1 M TRIS buffer at pH 8 a further bilayer of DOPG is deposited on top of this initially formed monolayer. Evidence for this is provided by the quartz crystal microbalance measurements and from atomic force microscopy. The results from electrochemical impedance measurements and ellipsometry are consistent with these findings but these two methods are less able to distinguish between the formation of the monolayer and subsequent deposition of the bilayer on top of the monolayer. For DOPG films, where the head group is negatively charged at pH 8, the ionic strength of the solution has an important effect in controlling the deposition of the bilayer on top of the initially formed monolayer.
Abstract 881: Desmocollin-3 and tumor immune microenvironment: Bioinformatics evaluation (2023)

Abstract Desmocollin-3 (DSC3) is a desmosomal adhesion molecule responsible for integrity and cell adhesion under normal physiological condition. Its expression is altered during carcinogenesis. DSC3 is a p53 responsive gene. Like other adhesion molecules, it is described to provide barrier for immune infiltration of tumor. To identify a specific immune gene signature related to DSC3, spearman correlation coefficient was determined for 207 immune related genes using Cbioportal in cancer having high and low level of DSC3 gene expression .We classified renal adenocarcinoma lung, hepatocellular carcinoma and renal cancer as DSC3low and squamous lung cancer, cervical cancer and head and Neck cancer as DSC3high based on DSC3 gene expression level. In DSC3high group, six genes were found to be correlated (Spearman correlation ≥ 0.3) with DSC3 expression (Table), while none of the 207 immune related genes were correlated with DSC3low expression. Of genes with positive correlation, CD44 is a marker for stem cell and is associated with resistance to chemotherapy while S100A12 and TOLLIP are associated with carcinogenesis and inflammation. Of immune genes with negative correlation, GATA6 is a tumor suppressive gene, IL-12A is responsible for T-cell-independent induction of IFNγ and CD63 is associated with survival as described in lung cancer. This findings suggests DSC3high expression may be associated with poor prognosis compared DSC3low . DSC3 expression is specific for squamous lung cancer and is used to differentiate it from adenocarcinoma lung. Squamous lung cancer is also known to have poor prognosis compared to adenocarcinoma of lung. We will be presenting full details about 207 selected genes and their correlation with DSC3 in our presentation. Table: Spearman’s correlation of DSC3 with Immune genes DSC3 expression Immune genes with positive spearman’s correlation Immune genes with negative spearman’s correlation Cancer Median RSEM (N) CD44 S100A12 TOLLIP CD63 GATA6 IL12A LUSC 6208 (n=501) 0.4 0.3 0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 CESC 10086 (n=306) 0.6 0.6 0.6 -0.6 -0.4 -0.4 HNSC 15287(n=522) 0.3 0.3 0.3 -0.5 -0.3 -0.4 KIPAN 1.5 (n=720) &amp;lt; 0.3 &amp;lt; 0.3 &amp;lt; 0.3 &amp;lt; 0.3 &amp;lt; 0.3 &amp;lt; 0.3 LIHC 2.0 (n=231) &amp;lt; 0.3 &amp;lt; 0.3 &amp;lt; 0.3 &amp;lt; 0.3 &amp;lt; 0.3 &amp;lt; 0.3 LUAD 10 (n=496) &amp;lt; 0.3 &amp;lt; 0.3 &amp;lt; 0.3 &amp;lt; 0.3 &amp;lt; 0.3 &amp;lt; 0.3 Citation Format: Arpit Dheeraj, Bakulesh M. Khamar, Chandreshwar P. Shukla, Nayan K. Jain, Rajiv I. Modi. Desmocollin-3 and tumor immune microenvironment: Bioinformatics evaluation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 881.
Improved Treatment of Breast Cancer with Anti-HER2 Therapy Requires Interleukin-21 Signaling in CD8+ T Cells (2016)

The HER2/ErbB2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) trastuzumab is combined with chemotherapy as a standard-of-care for newly diagnosed HER2(+) breast cancer patients, but some patients treated with this combination therapy experience early relapse. Our analysis of data from a clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of chemotherapy plus/minus trastuzumab suggested that the magnitude of trastuzumab benefit on distant disease-free survival was higher for increasing expression of the IL21 receptor (IL21R). Therefore, we investigated a possible role for IL21 signaling in promoting HER2 mAb therapeutic efficacy. We found that IL21R-deficient mice and wild-type mice treated with a neutralizing anti-IL21 mAb were less susceptible to trastuzumab-like anti-ErbB2 therapy. Furthermore, IL21R expression on CD8(+) T cells, but not on natural killer cells, was required for optimal anti-ErbB2 mAb efficacy, and IL21 expression was enhanced in tumor-infiltrating CD4(+) T lymphocytes after anti-ErbB2 therapy. Finally, we found that administering recombinant IL21 in combination with anti-ErbB2 therapy was therapeutic against primary tumors and experimental metastases in mice. Collectively, our findings suggest that elevating IL21 signaling may enhance trastuzumab efficacy, thus constituting a novel candidate strategy to overcome trastuzumab resistance and improve patient survival. Cancer
Oxygen in GaAs - Direct and indirect effects (1984)

Oxygen has profound effects on the key electronic properties and point defects of GaAs crystals. Thus, when added in the growth system, it decreases the free electron concentration and enhances the concentration of deep donors in the resulting crystals. Both of these effects are highly beneficial for achieving semi-insulating material and have been utilized for that purpose. They have been attributed to the tendency of oxygen to getter silicon impurities during crystal growth. Only recently, it has been found that oxygen in GaAs introduces also a midgap level, ELO, with essentially the same activation energy as EL2 but with four times greater electron capture cross section. The present report reassesses the electrical and optical properties of the midgap levels in GaAs crystals grown by the horizontal Bridgman (HB) and the Czochralski-LEC techniques. Emphasis is placed on the identification of the specific effects of ELO.
Monitoring of Intraperitoneal Fluid Volume during Peritoneal Equilibration Testing using Segmental Bioimpedance (2019)

This pilot study demonstrates the feasibility of trunk segmental bioimpedance to quasi-continuously monitor IPVSBIA and identify the time to peak UFVSBIA during a standard PET. Such new insights into the dynamics of intraperitoneal fluid volume during the dwell may advance our understanding of the underlying transport physiology and eventually assist in improving PD treatment prescriptions.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms That Cause Structural Changes in the Cyclic AMP Receptor Protein Transcriptional Regulator of the Tuberculosis Vaccine Strain Mycobacterium bovis BCG Alter Global Gene Expression without Attenuating Growth (2008)

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are present in the global transcriptional regulator cyclic AMP (cAMP) receptor protein (CRP) of the attenuated vaccine strain Mycobacterium bovis, bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). We have found that these SNPs resulted in small but significant changes in the expression of a number of genes in M. tuberculosis when a deletion of the Rv3676 CRP was complemented by the BCG allele, compared to complementation by the M. tuberculosis allele. We can explain these changes in gene expression by modeling the structure of the mycobacterial protein on the known structure of CRP from Escherichia coli. Thus, the SNP change in the DNA-binding domain, Lys178, is predicted to form a hydrogen bond with the phosphate backbone of the DNA, as does the equivalent residue in E. coli, whereas Glu178 in M. tuberculosis/M. bovis does not, thus explaining the stronger binding reported for CRP of BCG to CRP-binding sites in mycobacterial DNA. In contrast, the SNP change in the nucleotide binding domain (Leu47Pro) is predicted to result in the loss of one hydrogen bond, which is accommodated by the structure, and would not therefore be expected to cause any change in function relating to cAMP binding. The BCG allele fully complemented the growth defect caused by the deletion of the Rv3676 protein in M. tuberculosis, both in vitro and in macrophage and mouse infections, suggesting that these SNPs do not play any role in the attenuation of BCG. However, they may have allowed BCG to grow better under the in vitro-selective conditions used in its derivation from the M. bovis wild type.
Multi-dimensional wavefront sensing using volumetric meta-optics (2023)

The ideal imaging system would efficiently capture information about the fundamental properties of light: propagation direction, wavelength, and polarization. Most common imaging systems only map the spatial degrees of freedom of light onto a two-dimensional image sensor, with some wavelength and/or polarization discrimination added at the expense of efficiency. Thus, one of the most intriguing problems in optics is how to group and classify multiple degrees of freedom and map them on a two-dimensional sensor space. Here we demonstrate through simulation that volumetric meta-optics consisting of a highly scattering, inverse-designed medium structured with subwavelength resolution can sort light simultaneously based on direction, wavelength, and polarization. This is done by mapping these properties to a distinct combination of pixels on the image sensor for compressed sensing applications, including wavefront sensing, beam profiling, and next-generation plenoptic sensors.
Role of Cannabidiol for Improvement of the Quality of Life in Cancer Patients: Potential and Challenges (2022)

There is currently a growing interest in the use of cannabidiol (CBD) to alleviate the symptoms caused by cancer, including pain, sleep disruption, and anxiety. CBD is often self-administered as an over-the-counter supplement, and patients have reported benefits from its use. However, despite the progress made, the mechanisms underlying CBD's anti-cancer activity remain divergent and unclear. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of molecular mechanisms to determine convergent anti-cancer actions of CBD from pre-clinical and clinical studies. In vitro studies have begun to elucidate the molecular targets of CBD and provide evidence of CBD's anti-tumor properties in cell and mouse models of cancer. Furthermore, several clinical trials have been completed testing CBD's efficacy in treating cancer-related pain. However, most use a mixture of CBD and the psychoactive, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and/or use variable dosing that is not consistent between individual patients. Despite these limitations, significant reductions in pain and opioid use have been reported in cancer patients using CBD or CBD+THC. Additionally, significant improvements in quality-of-life measures and patients' overall satisfaction with their treatment have been reported. Thus, there is growing evidence suggesting that CBD might be useful to improve the overall quality of life of cancer patients by both alleviating cancer symptoms and by synergizing with cancer therapies to improve their efficacy. However, many questions remain unanswered regarding the use of CBD in cancer treatment, including the optimal dose, effective combinations with other drugs, and which biomarkers/clinical presentation of symptoms may guide its use.
[Identification of a de novo mutation in a factor FVIII:C gene in a family requesting prenatal diagnosis of hemophilia A]. (1992)

Hemophilia is caused by wide spectrum of different mutations in the F8C gene which made the direct DNA diagnosis of the diseases not the case of choice. Indirect DNA diagnosis by means of linked restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) provides the alternative. Using this method authors identified de novo mutation in a family requiring prenatal diagnosis of hemophilia A. This de novo mutation arose during the spermatogenesis of the proband's father. Attempts to characterize the mutation on the molecular level are presented. (Ref. 15, Fig. 1.).
High dimensional optical meta-devices: classical to quantum (2022)

Optical meta-devices are composed of the collection of artificial subwavelength nanostructures. Phase, polarization, or amplitude of the incident electromagnetic waves can be manipulated by the specifically designed meta-devices. The demands of the new generation of photonics currently extend from classical to quantum optics. We report our progress in the design, fabrication, and application of the novel optical meta-devices from classical to quantum optics. We show a novel achromatic meta-lens array light field optical system for applications in imaging and sensing. We integrate a meta-lens array with a thin slice BBO nonlinear crystal to form a high-dimensional quantum entanglement optical chip. Results of the excellent mutual entanglement fidelity in 2-dimensional, 3-dimensional, and 4-dimensional experiments have successfully demonstrated the novel function of our high-dimensional optical quantum chip.
Landslide dynamics and coupling revealed by L-band InSAR in central Georgia (2013)

Abstract. The republic of Georgia is a mountainous and tectonically active area that is vulnerable to landslides. Because landslides are one of the most devastating natural hazards, their detection and monitoring is of great importance. In this study we report on a previously unknown landslide in central Georgia at the site of the village of Itskisi near the town of Sachkhere. We used a set of ALOS PALSAR data to generate displacement maps using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR). We detected a sliding zone of dimensions 2 km north-south by 0.6 km east-west that threatens four villages. We estimated surface displacement of up to ~ 30 cm yr−1 over the sliding body in the satellite line-of-sight (LOS) direction, with the greatest displacement occurring after a local tectonic earthquake. We mapped the morphology of the landslide mass by aerial photography and field surveying. We found a complex set of interacting processes, including surface fracturing, shear and normal faults at both the headwall and the sides of the landslide, local landslide velocity changes, earthquake-induced velocity peaks, and loss in toe support due to mining activity. Important implications that are applicable elsewhere can be drawn from this study of coupled processes. We used inverse dislocation modelling to find a possible dislocation plane resembling the landslide basal decollement, and we used that plane to calculate the volume of the landslide. The results suggest a decollement at ~ 120 m depth dipping at ~ 10° sub-parallel to the surface, which is indicative of a translational-type landslide.
Using ultrasonics to measure vibrational amplitudes of auditory organs in fish (1985)

A new underwater, nonintrusive technique using ultrasonics has been devised to measure the amplitude response of the fish swim bladder and otolithic organs to a low-frequency sound wave. The body of the fish is scanned with a 10-MHz source while being subjected to a single frequency sound field. The resulting echo due to the impedance mismatch at the swim bladder and otoliths is received by another 10-MHz transducer, and then fed into a spectrum analyzer. The relative magnitude between the 10-MHz peak and the side bands created by the low-frequency excitation provides the desired amplitude information. Preliminary measurements have been obtained to demonstrate the method. Further refinements will allow measurements of 25 Å over 0.1 mm. This technique is superior to previous methods using accelerometers, microphones, Laser light scattering, and holographic interferometry because all of these require that the organs be either directly exposed to the measuring device or removed from the body. [Work supported by ONR.]
Characterization of a 4$\,\times\,$4 Gb/s Parallel Electronic Bus to WDM Optical Link Silicon Photonic Translator (2007)

A 4times4 Gb/s microring modulator cascade, which can directly convert data from a parallel electrical bus to a multiple-wavelength optical signal in a single silicon-on-insulator waveguide, is demonstrated and characterized. The integrity of the modulated optical signal is verified using Q-factor extrapolations. In addition, the frequency characteristics and crosstalk, in terms of total harmonic distortion, are quantified. A transparent translator from electronics to optics such as this is crucial for the development of large-scale high-bandwidth interconnects based on photonic integrated circuits
Drug Delivery Technologies: The Way Forward in the New Decade (2009)

The design and development of drug delivery systems involves many different sciences that underpin the research. It is clear that significant advances will only be made through multidisciplinary teams that utilize the latest advances in the biological, chemical, physical, and engineering sciences. The underpinning sciences are also vital to the process of developing successful products. There are three key and interrelated areas of research. (i) Achieve a greater understanding of the biological fate and the targeting of drugs, particularly biopharmaceuticals, macromolecules and macromolecular delivery systems, at the molecular, membrane, and cellular level. (ii) Provide a greater understanding of the physicochemical properties of biopharmaceuticals, macromolecules, and macromolecular delivery systems and how these are modified within a biological environment affecting their activity. (iii) Promote the development of novel materials and delivery systems that will overcome these biological barriers. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the key issues to design an effective drug delivery system.
Lithium Diisopropylamide Solvated by Monodentate and Bidentate Ligands:  Solution Structures and Ligand Binding Constants (1997)

6Li and 15N NMR spectroscopic studies of lithium diisopropylamide ([6Li]LDA and [6Li,15N]LDA) in toluene/pentane solutions containing a variety of mono- and polydentate ligands are reported. LDA forms exclusively dimers in the presence of n-BuOMe, Et2O, t-BuOMe, THF, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 2,2-dimethyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, dimethoxyethane, N,N,N‘,N‘-tetramethylethylenediamine, and MeOCH2CH2NR2 (NR2 = NMe2, NEt2, pyrrolidino). Addition of 1,2-dipyrrolidinoethane and (2-pyrrolidinoethyl)dimethylamine provides monomer−dimer mixtures. Treatment of LDA with trans-N,N,N‘,N‘-tetramethylcyclohexanediamine (TMCDA) or trans-1-(dimethylamino)-2-isopropoxycyclohexane in hydrocarbons afford exclusively monomers. Sparteine binds only reluctantly, giving a mixture of unsolvated oligomers and monomer. Competitions of the ethereal ligands vs TMCDA afford binding constants and associated free energies for dimer solvation which are correlated with those obtained previously for lithium hexamethyldisilazide.
Analysis of linearity of highly saturated electroabsorption modulator link due to photocurrent feedback effect (2007)

We have analyzed the linearity performance of analog fiber-optic links based on electroabsorption modulators (EAM) operating at high optical power. The negative feedback caused by photocurrent generation improves the modulator linearity in the gain saturation regime. In the absence of laser relative intensity noise (RIN), the link spur-free dynamic range (SFDR) increases with the power of four-thirds of the input optical power after gain saturation occurs. A multi-octave SFDR of more than 135 dB/Hz2/3 has been found to be achievable with sufficiently high power.
Microcircuit lithography using holographic imaging (1990)

TLR holograms have been used to generate 0. 5 jim resolution images with illumination by an Argon laser operating at 457 nm. The contact (proximity) printing geometry compatible with standard wafer processing was used for the recording and reconstruction processes. In order to eliminate the expensive and bulky construction involving a prism a backside holographic wave coupler is proposed. 1.
Inputs, Processes, Outcomes: The Context for Achievement among Economically Disadvantaged Students in Appalachia. (1993)

This paper describes the context of education at two Appalachian middle schools and examines family, community, and school factors related to the academic success of economically disadvantaged and middle-class students. The 429 students at two rural middle schools in Appalachian Kentucky and Tennessee were assigned to low socioeconomic status (SES) and middle-class groups on the basis of whether they received free lunch or paid price. They were designated as high achievers if they had a grade point average above 7.5 and an average standardized test score above the 50th percentile. Subjects completed the Rural School Success Inventory (RSSI) and a writing sample that reflected their aspirations and world views. Ethnographic findings illustrate the similarities between the two schools and their communities, but also indicate important differences, such as economic circumstances and the value placed on schooling. Factor analysis of RSSI data differentiated between schools, SES groups, achievement groups, and subgroups of each according to scores on five RSSI categories: family life, leisure activities (outside school), economics, health and hygiene practices, and school activit;es. Studies, such as this one, that illuminate the interaction among personal, sociocultural, and school-related factors are potentially more useful to policymakers than the traditional inputs-processes-outcomes paradigm. Contains 53 references and 18 data tables. (SV) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. **********************************************************************
Video from A Novel Engineered Small Protein for Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Human Programmed Death Ligand-1: Validation in Mouse Models and Human Cancer Tissues (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PET/CT video&lt;/p&gt;