gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low-flow Oxygen and Bilevel Ventilatory Support (2001)

We measured ventilation in all sleep stages in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and moderate to severe lung disease, and compared the effects of low-flow oxygen (LFO2) and bilevel ventilatory support (BVS) on ventilation and gas exchange during sleep. Thirteen subjects, age 26 +/- 5.9 yr (mean +/- 1 SD), body mass index (BMI) 20 +/- 3 kg/m2, FEV1 32 +/- 11% predicted, underwent three sleep studies breathing, in random order, room air (RA), LFO2, and BVS +/- O2 with recording of oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO2) (%) and transcutaneous carbon dioxide (TcCO2) (mm Hg). During RA and LFO2 studies, patients wore a nasal mask with a baseline continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) of 4 to 5 cm H2O. Minute ventilation (V I) was measured using a pneumotachograph in the circuit and was not different between wake and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep on any night. However, V I was reduced on the RA and LFO2 nights from awake to rapid eye movement (REM) (p < 0.01) and from NREM to REM (p < 0.01). On the BVS night there was no significant difference in V I between NREM and REM sleep. Both BVS and LFO2 improved nocturnal SpO2, especially during REM sleep (p < 0.05). The rise in TcCO2 seen with REM sleep with both RA and LFO2 was attenuated with BVS (p < 0.05). We conclude that BVS leads to improvements in alveolar ventilation during sleep in this patient group.
Fast Circulant Tensor Power Method for High-Order Principal Component Analysis (2021)

To understand high-order intrinsic key patterns in high-dimensional data, tensor decomposition is a more versatile tool for data analysis than standard flat-view matrix models. Several existing tensor models aim to achieve rapid computation of high-order principal components based on the tensor power method. However, since a tensor power method does not enforce orthogonality in subsequently calculated decomposition components, it causes far more challenges on principal component analysis of high-order tensors. To address this problem, several tensor power method variant algorithms incorporating sparsity into decomposition factors have been proposed. However, because these variant algorithms require additional procedures based on data-driven hyper-parameter optimization algorithms, a trade-off between computational cost and convergence exists. In this paper, a novel tensor power method called the fast circulant tensor power method is proposed. The proposed algorithm combines tensor-train decomposition and the power method. Tensor-train decomposition is a high-order tensor decomposition method based on auxiliary unfolding matrix decomposition. Thus, the power method can be embedded into our methodology without any additional processes. Notably, a simple combination of these two methods may cause a local optima problem because the power method only guarantees convergence on each unfolding matrix in tensor-train decomposition. To solve this problem, the circulant updating method is proposed, which globally optimizes all factor vectors by reordering some steps of the factor vector updates. It is experimentally demonstrated that, compared to state-of-the-art tensor power method variant methodologies, the proposed algorithm achieves the lowest computational complexity and quantitatively good performance in various applications including large-scale color image decomposition and convolutional neural network compression.
Deconvolution approaches in screening compound mixtures. (1998)

Combinatorial chemistry initiatives can be used to generate compound mixtures, and it has become a challenge to effectively screen these mixtures for activity against a specified target. Overall mixture activity can be readily measured, however it is not a straightforward matter to identify all those components giving rise to the total activity (a process referred to as deconvolution). This review discusses the attraction in preparing and screening mixtures, and also addresses the difficulties inherent in their screening. Attention is paid to the current approaches of achieving mixture deconvolution, including synthetic pooling, fractionation, affinity-based isolation, and techniques requiring no physical separation. Recent successes in mixture screening suggest a rekindled interest in this area.
Quantification of the Bioactive Compound Eritadenine in Selected Strains of Shiitake Mushroom (Lentinus edodes) (2007)

Cardiovascular disease is one of the most common causes of death in the Western world, and a high level of blood cholesterol is considered a risk factor. The edible fungus, shiitake mushroom (Lentinus edodes), contains the hypocholesterolemic agent eritadenine, 2(R),3(R)-dihydroxy-4-(9-adenyl)-butyric acid. This study was conducted to quantify the amount of the cholesterol reducing agent eritadenine in shiitake mushrooms, in search of a potential natural medicine against blood cholesterol. The amounts of eritadenine in the fruit bodies of four different shiitake mushrooms, Le-1, Le-2, Le-A, and Le-B, were investigated in this study. To achieve this goal, methanol extraction was used to recover as much as possible of the hypocholesterolemic agent from the fungal cells. In addition, enzymes that degrade the fungal cell walls were also used to elucidate if the extraction could be further enhanced. To analyze the target compound, a reliable and reproducible HPLC method for separation, identification, and quantification of eritadenine was developed. The shiitake strains under investigation exhibit up to 10 times higher levels of eritadenine than previously reported for other shiitake strains. Further, pretreating the mushrooms with hydrolytic enzymes before methanol extraction resulted in an insignificant increase in the amount of eritadenine released. These results indicate the potential for delivery of therapeutic amounts of eritadenine from the ingestion of extracts or dried concentrates of shiitake mushroom strains.
TwinFusion: High Framerate Non-rigid Fusion through Fast Correspondence Tracking (2018)

Real time non-rigid reconstruction pipelines are extremely computationally expensive and easily saturate the highest end GPUs currently available. This requires careful strategic choices to be made about a set of highly interconnected parameters that divide up the limited compute. At the same time, offline systems, prove the value of increasing voxel resolution, more iterations, and higher frame rates. To this end, we demonstrate a set of remarkably simple but effective modifications to these algorithms that significantly reduce the average per-frame computation cost allowing these parameters to be increased. Specifically, we divide the depth stream into sub-frames and fusion-frames, disabling both model accumulation (fusion) and non-rigid alignment (model tracking) on the former. Instead, we efficiently track point correspondences across neighboring sub-frames. We then leverage these correspondences to initialize the standard non-rigid alignment to a fusion-frame where data can then be accumulated into the model. As a result, compute resources in the modified non-rigid reconstruction pipeline can be immediately re-purposed to increase voxel resolution, use more iterations or to increase the frame rate. To demonstrate the latter, we leverage recent high frame rate depth algorithms to build a novel “twin” sensor consisting of a low-res/highfps sub-frame camera and a second low-fps/high-res fusion camera.
Decohesion Kinetics in Polymer Organic Solar Cells (2014)

We investigate the role of molecular weight (MW) of the photoactive polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) on the temperature-dependent decohesion kinetics of bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs). The MW of P3HT has been directly correlated to its carrier field effect mobilities and the ambient temperature also affects OSC in-service performance and P3HT arrangement within the BHJ layer. Under inert conditions, time-dependent decohesion readily occurs within the BHJ layer at loads well below its fracture resistance. We observe that by increasing the MW of P3HT, greater resistance to decohesion is achieved. However, failure consistently occurs within the BHJ layer representing the weakest layer within the device stack. Additionally, it was found that at temperatures below the glass transition temperature (∼41-45 °C), decohesion was characterized by brittle failure via molecular bond rupture. Above the glass transition temperature, decohesion growth occurred by a viscoelastic process in the BHJ layer, leading to a significant degree of viscoelastic deformation. We develop a viscoelastic model based on molecular relaxation to describe the resulting behavior. The study has implications for OSC long-term reliability and device performance, which are important for OSC production and implementation.
Supplemental Figure S4 from Dendritic Cells in Irradiated Mice Trigger the Functional Plasticity and Antitumor Activity of Adoptively Transferred Tc17 Cells via IL12 Signaling (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure S4. TBI transiently enhances activation of dendritic cells in the spleen.&lt;/p&gt;
Methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin for advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelium. Efficacy and patterns of response and relapse (1989)

Of 133 patients with advanced urothelial tract cancer given methotrexate (MTX), vinblastine (VBL), Adriamycin (ADR) (doxorubicin; Adria Laboratories, Columbus, OH), and cisplatin (DDP) (M-VAC regimen), significant tumor regression occurred in 72% +/- 8% of 121 with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) evaluable for response. Complete remission (CR) was achieved in 36% +/- 9% of patients, of whom 11% required the addition of surgical resection of residual disease. Although 68% of CR patients have relapsed, CR median survival will exceed 38 months compared with 11 months for partial (36%) and minor (6%) responders, and 8 months for nonresponders: 2-year and 3-year survivals were 68% and 55%, respectively, versus 0% to 7% for the remaining patients. Sixteen percent of responders developed brain lesions, half of whom had no systemic relapse at the time of progression. Three patients with non-TCC histologies did not respond. In 32 patients who had pathologic restaging, the clinical (T) understaging (T less than pathologic [P] restaging) error was 35%. Although all metastatic sites showed evidence of tumor regression, CR was noted more frequently in lung, in intraabdominal lymph nodes and masses, and in bone (24% to 35%); the rate for hepatic lesions was 15%. There were 52% of 21 N3-4M0 patients who achieved CR versus 33% of 100 with N0-+M+ lesions. Toxicity was significant with 4 (3%) drug-related deaths, 25% incidence of nadir sepsis, 58% greater than or equal to 3+ myelosuppression, and 49% with mucositis. Responsiveness of metastasis in various sites, patterns of relapse, and the usefulness of the new CR response criteria are reported, as is the current status of cisplatin and methotrexate combination regimens.
Supplementary Figure 9 from Resistance to Irreversible EGF Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors through a Multistep Mechanism Involving the IGF1R Pathway (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 415K, Effect of EGFR inhibitors (PF299804 or WZ4002) alone, BMS 53924 alone, CI-1040 alone or the combination of all 3 agents on cell signaling in the PFR3 + and WZR4 +&lt;/p&gt;
Molecular Insight into the Therapeutic Promise of TargetingAPOE4for Alzheimer’s Disease (2020)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that causes chronic cognitive dysfunction. Most of the AD cases are late onset, and the apolipoprotein E (<i>APOE</i>) isoform is a key genetic risk factor. The <i>APOE</i> gene has 3 key alleles in humans including <i>APOE2</i>, <i>APOE3</i>, and <i>APOE4</i>. Among them, <i>APOE4</i> is the most potent genetic risk factor for late-onset AD (LOAD), while <i>APOE2</i> has a defensive effect. Research data suggest that <i>APOE4</i> leads to the pathogenesis of AD through various processes such as accelerated beta-amyloid aggregations that raised neurofibrillary tangle formation, cerebrovascular diseases, aggravated neuroinflammation, and synaptic loss. However, the precise mode of actions regarding in what way <i>APOE4</i> leads to AD pathology remains unclear. Since <i>APOE</i> contributes to several pathological pathways of AD, targeting <i>APOE4</i> might serve as a promising strategy for the development of novel drugs to combat AD. In this review, we focus on the recent studies about <i>APOE4</i>-targeted therapeutic strategies that have been advanced in animal models and are being prepared for use in humans for the management of AD.
116 Exome Sequencing Uncovers Molecular Determinants of Trigeminal Neuralgia (2018)

Choi, Jungmin PhD; Zeng, Xue; Jin, Sheng Chih; Gaillard, Jonathan BS; Duran, Daniel MD; Nelson-Williams, Carol; Panchagnula, Shreyas BA; Dib-Hajj, Sulayman PhD; Barker, Frederick G MD, FACS; Sekula, Raymond F MD; Waxman, Stephen MD, PhD; Gunel, Murat MD; Lifton, Richard P MD, PhD; T., Kristopher MD, PhD Author Information
Design, fabrication, and analysis of crystalline Si-SiGe heterostructure thin-film solar cells (1999)

One possible method to improve the efficiency of crystalline silicon (Si) solar cells is by alloying with germanium (Ge). Although the improved absorption of the alloy leads to a gain in the current, the reduction of the alloy bandgap causes a loss in voltage, which overrides the increased current of the SiGe-alloy solar cell. There has been a number of theoretical studies to circumvent this behavior. However, to date there has been no detailed study, which discusses the technological implementation of these concepts in solar cells. In this paper, the design issues of crystalline Si-SiGe heterostructure will be dealt with in an attempt to reduce the effect of the increased dark current of the alloyed cells, while at the same time sustaining the enhancement in the current. The enhanced back surface field at the back p/sup +/-Si/p-SiGe interface reduces the base component of the recombination current of the heterostructure cell if recombination caused by dislocations is neglected. A higher infrared (IR) response which results in a higher short-circuit current (2 mA/cm/sup 2/ higher than a reference Si cell) has been recorded for the Si-Si/sub 0.9/Ge/sub 0.1/-thin-film structure of 15 /spl mu/m thickness. The reduction in dark saturation current which has been predicted based on the theoretical calculations could not be realized in the heterostructure SiGe/Si cell due to the degradation effect of the misfit dislocations that decreases the bulk lifetime, and increases the interface recombination velocity. In a structure which contains a p/sup +/-SiGe buffer layer, an efficiency of 12.5% is achieved for a SiGe cell with 15 /spl mu/m thickness without texturing or optical confinement, which is about the same as the Si reference cell with equal active thickness, but with a higher short-circuit current. These results, for the first time, experimentally prove that alloying with Ge offers a higher current and might have a room for improving the efficiency of the multijunction solar cells or dual bandgap cells when SiGe is used to convert the IR-part of the spectrum.
Relationship of Elevated Palmitate to Soybean Seed Traits (2000)

Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] oil with elevated palmitate content may be useful for producing solid fat at room temperature without hydrogenation. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between elevated palmitate and soybean seed traits. A total of 92 soybean cultivars and lines with palmitate contents ranging from 103 to 427 g kg −1 were evaluated in a randomized complete‐block design with two replications at each of three Iowa locations in 1997. Seed from each plot was analyzed for protein, oil, palmitate, stearate, oleate, linoleate, and linolenate contents. The phenotypic correlations were significant ( P &lt; 0.05 or 0.01) and positive between palmitate and protein (0.25), stearate (0.58), and linolenate (0.86) contents. There were significant ( P &lt; 0.01) negative phenotypic correlations of palmitate content with oil (−0.84), oleate (−0.94), and linoleate (−0.96) contents. Lines with &gt;400 g kg −1 palmitate had protein contents equal to conventional cultivars, but their oil contents were reduced by more than 30 g kg −1 . None of the lines with &gt;400 g ka −1 had oleate, linoleate, or linolenate contents equal to conventional cultivars. These relationships will influence the feasibility of developing soybean cultivars with elevated palmitate content that are acceptable for other seed components.
Recombinant immunotoxin for cancer treatment with low immunogenicity by identification and silencing of human T-cell epitopes (2014)

Nonhuman proteins have valuable therapeutic properties, but their efficacy is limited by neutralizing antibodies. Recombinant immunotoxins (RITs) are potent anticancer agents that have produced many complete remissions in leukemia, but immunogenicity limits the number of doses that can be given to patients with normal immune systems. Using human cells, we identified eight helper T-cell epitopes in PE38, a portion of the bacterial protein Pseudomonas exotoxin A which consists of the toxin moiety of the RIT, and used this information to make LMB-T18 in which three epitopes were deleted and five others diminished by point mutations in key residues. LMB-T18 has high cytotoxic and antitumor activity and is very resistant to thermal denaturation. The new immunotoxin has a 93% decrease in T-cell epitopes and should have improved efficacy in patients because more treatment cycles can be given. Furthermore, the deimmunized toxin can be used to make RITs targeting other antigens, and the approach we describe can be used to deimmunize other therapeutically useful nonhuman proteins.
Abrupt and Arbitrary Profile Formation in Silicon Using a Low-Kinetic-Energy Ion Bombardment Process (1994)

We have discovered that the carrier concentration in an epitaxial silicon film formed by the low-energy ion bombardment process is easily controlled by changing the ion bombardment energy during the film growth. While maintaining the perfect crystallinity of an epitaxial silicon layer grown at a temperature as low as 350° C, an arbitrary-shaped carrier concentration profile has been created in the film. Formation of box-shaped profiles as well as staircase-shaped profiles having very abrupt transitions is demonstrated. Formation of such arbitrary-shaped carrier profiles in an epitaxial layer is quite essential in the design of ultrasmall-dimension devices. The stability of carrier profiles against heat treatments also has been investigated.
Challenging the Limits of Interferometric Fiber Sensor Sensitivity with the Optical Harmonic Vernier Effect (2021)

We discuss the novel concept of harmonics of the Vernier effect for optical fiber sensors as a tool to break the limits of conventional optical Vernier effect currently used. The new effect provides enhancements scalable with the harmonic order.
A MOBILE TRAUMA DATABASE WITH CHARGE CAPTURE (2005)

Departments: Abstracts of Papers Presented at the Thirty-Fifth Annual Scientific Meeting of the Western Trauma Association: PDF Only
High Transition Temperature Superconductors -V3Ga Wire Development. (1978)

Increased V3Ga growth rates resulting from the use of high gallium content V-Ga filaments and Cu-Ga matrix alloys are utilized to improve the critical current density in the superconductor, J sub c, by forming thin layers of V3Ga at rather low reaction temperatures. Studies of J sub c as functions of magnetic field strength and temperature are reported and compared with similar data for experimental Nb3Sn wires, commercial V3Ga tapes, and Nb-Ti wire. These data document the superiority of V3Ga over a broad range of magnetic fields and temperatures. Based on results of these investigations of processing variables, specifications for high current (I sub c) multifilament V3Ga wires were defined and an industrial contract for their production was awarded (pertinent specifications appended). Studies of stress effects on I sub c have shown these developmental wires resistant to degradation at acceptable stress levels. Further work in this area is recommended for future superconducting applications. (Author)
High sensitivity chemically amplified EUV resists through enhanced EUV absorption (2012)

Resolution, line edge roughness, sensitivity and low outgassing are the key focus points for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) resist materials. Sensitivity has become increasingly important so as to address throughput concerns in device manufacturing and compensate for the low power of EUV sources. Recent studies have shown that increasing the polymer linear absorption absorption coefficient in EUV resists translates to higher acid generation efficiency and good pattern formation. In this study, novel high absorbing polymer platforms are evaluated. The contributing effect of the novel absorbing chromophore to the resultant chemically amplified photoresist is evaluated and compared with a standard methacrylate PAG Bound Polymer (PBP) platform. We report that by increasing EUV absorption, we cleanly resolved 17 nm 1:1 line space can be achieved at a sensitivity of 14.5 mJ/cm<sup>2</sup>, which is consistent with dose requirements dictated by the ITRS roadmap. We also probe the effect of fluorinated small molecule additives on acid yield generation (Dil C) at EUV of a PBP platform.
Synergistic effect of shear and ADP on platelet growth on ZTA and\n Ti6Al4V surfaces (2020)

Continuous-flow ventricular assist devices (VADs) have been an increasingly\ncommon, life-saving therapy for advanced heart-failure patients, but elevate\nthe risk of thrombosis due to a combination of non-physiological hemodynamics\nand synthetic biomaterials. Limited work has been done to address platelet\nadhesion and aggregation on artificial surfaces under flow with sub-threshold\nconcentrations of weak agonists. We perfused a blood analog containing\nhemoglobin-depleted red blood cells and fluorescently labeled platelets across\na titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) and zirconia-toughened alumina (ZTA) surface at\nshear rates of 400 and 1000 s-1. Upstream of the specimen, sub-threshold\nconcentrations of ADP were uniformly introduced at concentrations of 0, 5, and\n10 nM. Time-lapse videos of depositing platelets were recorded, and the\npercentage of the surface covered was quantified. Surface coverage percentages\nat 400 s-1and 1000 s-1were compared for each concentration of ADP and material\nsurface combination. We observed a threshold concentration of ADP that\nexpedites platelet deposition that is dependent on both shear and material\nsurface chemistry. Additionally, we observed embolization when thrombus areas\nexceeded 300{\\mu}m2, which was dependent on the combination of shear, ADP\nconcentration, and material surface. This work is the first to simultaneously\nexamine the three key contributing factors leading to thrombotic events. Our\nfindings assist in considering alternative material choices constituting VADs\nand the need to address material reactivity in assessing antiplatelet agent\ntests.\n