gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Self-limiting fall armyworm: a new approach in development for sustainable crop protection and resistance management (2022)

Abstract Background The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda , is a significant and widespread pest of maize, sorghum, rice, and other economically important crops. Successful management of this caterpillar pest has historically relied upon application of synthetic insecticides and through cultivation of genetically engineered crops expressing insecticidal proteins ( Bt crops). Fall armyworm has, however, developed resistance to both synthetic insecticides and Bt crops, which risks undermining the benefits delivered by these important crop protection tools. Previous modelling and empirical studies have demonstrated that releases of insecticide- or Bt -susceptible insects genetically modified to express conditional female mortality can both dilute insecticide resistance and suppress pest populations. Results Here, we describe the first germline transformation of the fall armyworm and the development of a genetically engineered male-selecting self-limiting strain, OX5382G, which exhibits complete female mortality in the absence of an additive in the larval diet. Laboratory experiments showed that males of this strain are competitive against wild-type males for copulations with wild-type females, and that the OX5382G self-limiting transgene declines rapidly to extinction in closed populations following the cessation of OX5382G male releases. Population models simulating the release of OX5382G males in tandem with Bt crops and non- Bt ‘refuge’ crops show that OX5382G releases can suppress fall armyworm populations and delay the spread of resistance to insecticidal proteins. Conclusions This article describes the development of self-limiting fall armyworm designed to control this pest by suppressing pest populations, and population models that demonstrate its potential as a highly effective method of managing resistance to Bt crops in pest fall armyworm populations. Our results provide early promise for a potentially valuable future addition to integrated pest management strategies for fall armyworm and other pests for which resistance to existing crop protection measures results in damage to crops and impedes sustainable agriculture.
Spatial K-anonymity: A Privacy-preserving Method for COVID-19 Related Geo-spatial Technologies (2021)

There is a growing need for spatial privacy considerations in the many geo-spatial technologies that have been created as solutions for COVID-19-related issues. Although effective geo-spatial technologies have already been rolled out, most have significantly sacrificed privacy for utility. In this paper, we explore spatial k-anonymity, a privacy-preserving method that can address this unnecessary tradeoff by providing the best of both privacy and utility. After evaluating its past implications in geo-spatial use cases, we propose applications of spatial k-anonymity in the data sharing and managing of COVID-19 contact tracing technologies as well as heat maps showing a user's travel history. We then justify our propositions by comparing spatial k-anonymity with several other spatial privacy methods, including differential privacy, geo-indistinguishability, and manual consent based redaction. Our hope is to raise awareness of the ever-growing risks associated with spatial privacy and how they can be solved with Spatial K-anonymity.
Experimental demonstration of tunable homodyne detection of WDM and dual-polarization PSK channels by automatically locking the channels to a local pump laser using nonlinear mixing (2016)

This Letter proposes a method for tunable automatically locked homodyne detection of wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) dual-polarization (DP) phase-shift keyed (PSK) channels using nonlinear mixing. Two stages of periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguides and an LCoS filter enable automatic phase locking of the channels to a local laser.
Analysis of Human Breast Adenocarcinoma MCF7 Resistance to Tumor Necrosis Factor-induced Cell Death (1998)

Considerable progress has been made in the understanding of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling; however, the molecular and biochemical basis of tumor resistance to the cytotoxic action of TNF are still not definitively identified yet. Although a role of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway has been suggested as an effector in TNF signaling, its exact relative contribution and its interaction with ceramide pathway and tumor resistance to TNF remain unknown. The relationship between JNK activation and human breast adenocarcinoma MCF7 resistance acquisition to the cytotoxic action of TNF was therefore investigated. We demonstrate that TNF triggers JNK activation in both TNF-sensitive MCF7 cells and its resistant derivative, RA1/1001. In addition, when MCF7 cells were stably transfected with mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MKK4) dominant-negative cDNA or transiently transfected with a dominant-negative c-Jun mutant (TAM 67), their susceptibility to the cytotoxic action of TNF remains comparable with control cells. We also demonstrated that JNK activation does not require ceramide generation since in MCF7 cells transfected with a dominant-negative derivative of FADD (FADD-DN), which are resistant to the cytotoxic action of TNF, TNF induced JNK activation in the absence of ceramide generation. Furthermore, our data indicate that exogenous permeable synthetic ceramide C-6 induced the killing of MCF7 cells transfected with MKK4 dominant-negative cDNA. These results provide strong evidence indicating that tumor acquisition of resistance to the cytotoxic action of TNF may occur either independently or at a level downstream of JNK activation and suggest that JNK activation is not linked to ceramide pathway in TNF-mediated apoptosis.
Thermodynamic work of adhesion and peel adhesion energy of dimethoxysilyl‐terminated polypropylene oxide/epoxy resin system jointed with polymeric substrates (2001)

Abstract The characterization of the interfacial surface of a dimethoxysilyl‐terminated polypropylene oxide (DMSi–PPO)/diglycidylether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) system, which has the phase structure of DGEBA particles in a DMSi–PPO matrix, was investigated by using model joints with polymeric substrates. The surface free energy (γ) of the DMSi–PPO/DGEBA system had varied with the γ of each substrate. When the system contacted to low surface free energy materials such as Teflon, polypropylene, and polyethylene, the γ of the system showed about 14.3–31.6 mJ/m 2 ; on the other hand, when the system contacted to high surface free energy substrates such as polyethylene–telephthalate and polyimide, the γ of the system showed 50.4 and 64.6 mJ/m 2 , respectively, because the concentration of the DGEBA as a polar component in the system changed around these interfaces. In the low surface energy substrates used, the actual peel adhesion energy value was in good agreement with the thermodynamic work of adhesion ( Wa ) determined independently. However, in the high surface energy materials used, the peel adhesion energies were 10 3 –10 4 times larger than Wa because the energy was dissipated viscoelastically at the jointed points. © 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 1920–1930, 2001
Au3-Decorated graphene as a sensing platform for O2 adsorption and desorption kinetics (2022)

The adsorption and desorption kinetics of molecules is of significant fundamental and applied interest. In this paper, we present a new method to quantify the energy barriers for the adsorption and desorption of gas molecules on few-atom clusters, by exploiting reaction induced changes of the doping level of a graphene substrate. The method is illustrated for oxygen adsorption on Au<sub>3</sub> clusters. The gold clusters were deposited on a graphene field effect transistor and exposed to O<sub>2</sub>. From the change in graphene's electronic properties during adsorption, the energy barrier for the adsorption of O<sub>2</sub> on Au<sub>3</sub> is estimated to be 0.45 eV. Electric current pulses increase the temperature of the graphene strip in a controlled way and provide the required thermal energy for oxygen desorption. The oxygen binding energy on Au<sub>3</sub>/graphene is found to be 1.03 eV and the activation entropy is 1.4 meV K<sup>-1</sup>. The experimental values are compared and interpreted on the basis of density functional theory calculations of the adsorption barrier, the binding energy and the activation entropy. The large value of the activation entropy is explained by the hindering effect that the adsorbed O<sub>2</sub> has on the fluxional motion of the Au<sub>3</sub> cluster.
Anti-dazzling protection for Air Force pilots (2012)

Under certain conditions, laser directed at aircraft can be a hazard. The most likely scenario is when a bright visible laser causes distraction or temporary flash blindness to a pilot, during a critical phase of flight such as landing or takeoff. It is also possible, that a visible or invisible beam could cause permanent harm to a pilot's eyes. We present a non-linear, solid-state dynamic filter solutions protecting from dazzling and damage in a passive way. Our filters limit the transmission, only if the power exceeds a certain threshold as opposed to spectral filters that block a certain wavelength permanently.
Diagnosing diabetes mellitus in the twenty-first century – what is the role of haemoglobin A1c? (2012)

The global burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasing rapidly. The Gulf region, especially the United Arab Emirates, is one of the most severely affected regions. Traditionally, diabetes has been diagnosed on the basis of plasma glucose levels. However, more recently, haemoglobin A1c has been added to recommended criteria as an alternative tool for diagnosis. This review highlights some of the arguments for and against the use of haemoglobin A1c as a diagnostic measure.
DESIGN AND CALIBRATION OF A VIRTUAL TOMOGRAPHIC REFLECTION SYSTEM (2007)

Virtual tomographic reflection (VTR) is a new augmented reality technique that allows users to view volumetric image data using an interaction paradigm based on medical ultrasound. VTR is essentially a "virtual" version of the sonic flashlight, a device that permits real-time in situ visualization of ultrasound images by reflecting calibrated images displayed on a flat-panel monitor from a partially transparent half silvered mirror. In VTR, as opposed to the actual sonic flashlight, the ultrasound scanner is replaced by an optically tracked dummy ultrasound scanner with a mirror and display capable of generating cross-sections through stored real or computer-generated image data. The design of this system was motivated by the need to conduct psychophysical and accuracy analysis of the real Sonic Flashlight in a highly controlled artificial environment. Here we present the latest version of our VTR device and describe the overall system architecture as well as a highly accurate method for calibrating the system
Spin-on-carbon hardmask based on fullerene derivatives for high-aspect ratio etching (2013)

The advance of lithographic resolution has made it necessary to adopt extremely thin photoresist films for the fabrication of ‘2x nm’ structures in order to mitigate problems such as resist collapse during development but limiting achievable etch depths at the same time. By using multilayer hardmask stacks a considerable increase in achievable aspect ratio is possible. We have previously presented a fullerene based spin-on carbon hardmask material capable of high aspect ratio etching. Here we report our latest findings in material characterization of one of the original, and one new, formulations. By using a higher adduct derivative fullerene the solubility in industry-friendly solvents and thermal stability could be improved. The etching performance and materials characteristics of the new higher adduct fullerene hardmask were found to be comparable to the original hardmask.
Recent progress in hydrogenation of esters on heterogeneous bimetallic catalysts (2021)

The development and research of highly effective heterogeneous catalysts for the hydrogenation of esters, providing high activity and selectivity of the formation of the corresponding alcohols, is an urgent task of modern heterogeneous catalysis.
ChemInform Abstract: A CONVERGENT SYNTHESIS OF (+)‐4‐DEMETHOXYDAUNOMYCINONE AND (+)‐DAUNOMYCINONE (1985)

Abstract Ausgehend von dem Aldehyd (I) werden über das Anhydrid (II) ‐ wie im Formelschema skizziert ‐ die Titelverbindungen (XVIII) dargestellt (die entsprechenden Racemate werden in 13% Gesamtausb.
Creating supported plasma membrane bilayers using acoustic pressure (2020)

Abstract Model membrane systems are essential tools for biology, enabling study of biological processes in a simplified setting to reveal the underlying physicochemical principles. As cell-derived membrane systems, giant plasma membrane vesicles (GPMVs) constitute an intermediate model between native cellular plasma and artificial membranes. Certain applications, however, require planar membrane surfaces. Here, we report a novel approach for creating supported plasma membrane bilayers (SPMBs) by bursting cell-derived GPMVs using an ultrasonic pressure field generated within an acoustofluidic device. We show that the mobility of outer leaflet molecules is preserved in SPMBs, suggesting that they are accessible on the surface of the bilayers. Such model membrane systems will be useful for many applications requiring detailed characterization of plasma membrane dynamics.
Biomedical Event Extraction using Abstract Meaning Representation (2017)

We propose a novel, Abstract Meaning Representation (AMR) based approach to identifying molecular events/interactions in biomedical text. Our key contributions are: (1) an empirical validation of our hypothesis that an event is a subgraph of the AMR graph, (2) a neural network-based model that identifies such an event subgraph given an AMR, and (3) a distant supervision based approach to gather additional training data. We evaluate our approach on the 2013 Genia Event Extraction dataset 1 (Kim et al., 2013) and show promising results.
Still Image Compression with Adaptive Resolution Vector Quantization Technique (2004)

Abstract A novel image compression algorithm based on vector quantization (VQ) technique is proposed in this paper. Adaptive resolution VQ (AR-VQ) method, which is composed of three key techniques, i.e., the edge detection, the resolution conversion, and the block alteration, can realize much superior compression performance than the JPEG and the JPEG-2000. On the compression of the XGA (1024x768 pixels) images including text, for instance, there exist an overwhelming performance difference of 5 to 40 dB in compressed image quality. In addition, we propose a systematic codebook design method of 4x4 and 2x2 pixel blocks for AR-VQ without using learning sequences. According to the method, the codebook can be applied to all kinds of images and exhibits equivalent compression performance to the specific codebooks created individually by conventional learning method using corresponding images.
Outcomes in Pump- and CGM-Baseline Use Subgroups in the International Diabetes Closed-Loop Trial (2022)

There was a consistent benefit in patients with T1D when using CLC, regardless of baseline insulin delivery modality or CGM use. These data suggest that this CLC system can be considered across a wide range of patients.
Modular Nanoparticulate Prodrug Design Enables Efficient Treatment of Solid Tumors Using Bioorthogonal Activation (2018)

Prodrug strategies that facilitate localized and controlled activity of small-molecule therapeutics can reduce systemic exposure and improve pharmacokinetics, yet limitations in activation chemistry have made it difficult to assign tunable multifunctionality to prodrugs. Here, we present the design and application of a modular small-molecule caging strategy that couples bioorthogonal cleavage with a self-immolative linker and an aliphatic anchor. This strategy leverages recently discovered in vivo catalysis by a nanoencapsulated palladium compound (Pd-NP), which mediates alloxylcarbamate cleavage and triggers release of the activated drug. The aliphatic anchor enables >90% nanoencapsulation efficiency of the prodrug, while also allowing >10<sup>4</sup>-fold increased cytotoxicity upon prodrug activation. We apply the strategy to a prodrug formulation of monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), demonstrating its ability to target microtubules and kill cancer cells only after selective activation by Pd-NP. Computational pharmacokinetic modeling provides a mechanistic basis for the observation that the nanotherapeutic prodrug strategy can lead to more selective activation in the tumor, yet in a manner that is more sensitive to variable enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effects. Combination treatment with the nanoencapsulated MMAE prodrug and Pd-NP safely blocks tumor growth, especially when combined with a local radiation therapy regimen that is known to improve EPR effects, and represents a conceptual step forward in prodrug design.
Nanoporous crosslinked macrocyclic polyethers based on diethylene glycol divinyl ether and their superbase complexes with KOH (2008)

Nanoporous (11–12 nm) crosslinked macrocyclic polyethers with vinyloxy and hydroxyl groups have been synthesized by the free-radical polymerization of diethylene glycol divinyl ether (AIBN, 80°C, i-octane), followed by acidic hydrolysis. It has been shown that the polymers react with KOH to form insoluble superbase complexes and alcoholates capable of catalyzing vinylation of ethylene glycol by acetylene.
Supplementary Figure 2 from PPP2R2C Loss Promotes Castration-Resistance and Is Associated with Increased Prostate Cancer-Specific Mortality (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF, 269K, Localization of PPP2R2C in LNCaP and VCaP cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Design of RESILIENCE: a phase 3 trial comparing capecitabine in combination with sorafenib or placebo for treatment of locally advanced or metastatic HER2-negative breast cancer (2011)

A double-blind, randomized, phase 2b screening trial (SOLTI-0701) of sorafenib, an oral multikinase inhibitor, in patients with HER2-negative advanced breast cancer (BC), showed a statistically significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) in the sorafenib + capecitabine arm versus the placebo + capecitabine arm: 6.4 versus 4.1 months (hazard ratio = 0.58; one-sided P = 0.0006). Grade 3/4 toxicities were comparable except G3 hand-foot skin reaction/syndrome (HFSR/HFS) (44% vs. 14%). These results support a phase 3 trial of sorafenib + capecitabine in advanced BC.
ISIS: An accelerator for Sphinx speech recognition (2011)

The ability to naturally interact with devices is becoming increasingly important. Speech recognition is one well-known solution to provide easy, hands-free user-device interaction. However, speech recognition has significant computation and memory bandwidth requirements, making it challenging to offer at high performance, real-time and ultra-low power for handheld devices. In this paper, we present a speech recognition accelerator called ISIS. We show the overall execution flow of the accelerated speech recognition solution along with optimizations and the key metrics of performance, area and power.
La fièvre catarrhale ovine (bluetongue) : quand une maladie du sud s'invite au nord (2007)

National audience
Network Attack Detection and Defense: Securing Industrial Control Systems for Critical Infrastructures (Dagstuhl Seminar 14292) (2014)

This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 14292 "Network Attack Detection and Defense: Securing Industrial Control Systems for Critical Infrastructures". The main objective of the seminar was to discuss new approaches and ideas for securing industrial control systems. It is the sequel of several previous Dagstuhl seminars: (1) the series "Network Attack Detection and Defense" held in 2008 and 2012, and (2) the Dagstuhl seminar "Securing Critical Infrastructures from Targeted Attacks", held in 2012. At the seminar, which brought together members from academia an industry, appropriate methods for detecting attacks on industrial control systems (ICSs) and for limiting the impact on the physical components were considered. A central question was whether and how reactive security mechanisms can be made more ICS- and process-aware. To some extent it seems possible to adopt existing security approaches from other areas (e.g., conventional networks, embedded systems, or sensor networks). The main question is whether adopting these approaches is sufficient to reach the desired level of security for ICSs. Detecting attacks to the physical components and appropriate reactions to attacks are new aspects that need to be considered as well. The main result of the seminar is a list of recommendations for future directions in ICS security that is presented in this report.
Bladder irrigation after transurethral resection of superficial bladder cancer: a systematic review of the literature. (2018)

Saline and sterile water irrigation provide an alternative to ICT with equivalent recurrence rate and lower incidence of adverse events.
Chronic stress physically spares but functionally impairs innate-like invariant T cells (2021)

The deleterious effects of psychological stress on mainstream T lymphocytes are well documented. However, how stress impacts innate-like T cells is unclear. We report that long-term stress surprisingly abrogates both T helper 1 (T<sub>H</sub>1)- and T<sub>H</sub>2-type responses orchestrated by invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells. This is not due to iNKT cell death because these cells are unusually refractory to stress-inflicted apoptosis. Activated iNKT cells in stressed mice exhibit a "split" inflammatory signature and trigger sudden serum interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-23, and IL-27 spikes. iNKT cell dysregulation is mediated by cell-autonomous glucocorticoid receptor signaling and corrected upon habituation to predictable stressors. Importantly, under stress, iNKT cells fail to potentiate cytotoxicity against lymphoma or to reduce the burden of metastatic melanoma. Finally, stress physically spares mouse mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells but hinders their T<sub>H</sub>1-/T<sub>H</sub>2-type responses. The above findings are corroborated in human peripheral blood and hepatic iNKT/MAIT cell cultures. Our work uncovers a mechanism of stress-induced immunosuppression.
Long-Term Outcomes of Cervical Laminoplasty in the Elderly (2015)

Incidences of cervical laminoplasty in the elderly are increasing; the influence of other age-related complications and neurological status must be considered for justifying surgery. This study identified the aforementioned influence on long-term outcomes of cervical laminoplasty in patients aged ≥75 years. Thirty-seven of 38 consecutive patients aged ≥75 years who underwent cervical laminoplasty were retrospectively evaluated. Minimum 5-year follow-up was acceptable if patients were complication-free. Follow-up was terminated when neurological evaluation was not possible, owing to death or other serious complications affecting activities of daily living (ADL). Postoperative neurological changes and newly developed severe complications were investigated. Postoperatively, one patient died of acute pneumonia, one remained nonambulatory owing to cerebral infarction, and 35 were ambulatory and were discharged. At a mean follow-up of 78 months, three patients died and nine developed serious complications severely affecting ADL. Of the 25 remaining patients, 23 remained ambulatory at mean follow-up of 105 months. Cox proportional hazard analysis revealed that postoperative motor upper and lower extremities JOA scores of ≤2 and ≤1, respectively, were risk factors for mortality or other severe complications. Postoperative neurological status can be maintained in the elderly if they remain complication-free. Poorer neurological status significantly affected their ADL and mortality.