gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterizing the residual glass in a MgO/Al2O3/SiO2/ZrO2/Y2O3 glass-ceramic (2016)

The non-isochemical crystallization of glasses leads to glass-ceramics in which the chemical composition of the amorphous matrix differs from that of the parent glass. It is challenging to solely analyse the properties of these residual glassy phases because they frequently contain finely dispersed crystals. In this study, the composition of the residual glass matrix after the crystallization of a glass with the mol% composition 50.6 SiO<sub>2</sub> · 20.7 MgO · 20.7 Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> · 5.6 ZrO<sub>2</sub> · 2.4 Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> is analysed by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) including energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXS). A batch of the residual glass with the determined composition is subsequently melted and selected properties are analysed. Furthermore, the crystallization behaviour of this residual glass is studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy including electron backscatter diffraction and STEM-EDXS analyses. The residual glass shows sole surface crystallization of indialite and multiple yttrium silicates while bulk nucleation does not occur. This is in contrast to the crystallization behaviour of the parent glass, in which a predominant bulk nucleation of spinel and ZrO<sub>2</sub> is observed. The crystallization of the residual glass probably leads to different crystalline phases when it is in contact to air, rather than when it is enclosed within the microstructure of the parent glass-ceramics.
Aseptically packaged orange juice and concentrate: a review of the influence of processing and packaging conditions on quality (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAseptically packaged orange juice and concentrate: a review of the influence of processing and packaging conditions on qualityThomas R. Graumlich, Joseph E. Marcy, and J. P. AdamsCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1986, 34, 3, 402–405Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00069a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00069a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1191Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Measurement and Prediction of Oral Absorption (2009)

After defining oral absorption, this review article summarizes the influence of different physiological and physicochemical parameters on oral absorption explained according to the situation at BayerScheringPharma. Along the optimization process in industries, prediction of oral absorption is exemplified. In silico prediction of oral absorption in early stages of research is highlighted with three examples, i.e., a classification algorithm, a single parameter prediction, and a linear free-energy relationship. In vitro prediction of permeation using Caco-2 cell layers and physicochemical modeling is exemplified. The influence of solubility is shown by a concrete example, in particular, using physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling and physicochemical parameters. For later stages, optimization examples of in vivo animal models stress the importance of excellent in vivo data and in vivo/in vivo correlations for the prediction of human oral absorption from animal experiments.
Polypyrrole/Polymer Electrolyte Composites Prepared by In Situ Electropolymerization of Pyrrole as Cathode/Electrolyte Material for Facile Electron Transfer at the Solid Interface (2001)

Polypyrrole (PPy)/ion-conducting polymer electrolyte (PE) composites are prepared by in situ electropolymerization of pyrrole in a solvent-free PE matrix which is formed by photocross-linking of triacrylated poly(ethylene oxide-co-propylene oxide) (TA). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements reveal the gradient structure at the PPy/PE interface where PPy is formed with the concentration gradient. For the composite film, a facile electron transfer across the PPy/PE interface is demonstrated by a cyclic voltammogram for the doping-undoping process, and a decrease in the charge-transfer resistance at the interface is proved by an electrochemical impedance analysis. This is in marked contrast to a combined bilayer film of PPy and TA-based PE for which an electron transfer across the interface between two polymer films is not clearly observed. The composite exhibits charge-discharge performance, which suggests a possibility of fabricating solid-state batteries composed of conductive polymer electrode/ion-conductive PE/Li by one-step electrolysis. © 2001 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Biexciton luminescence from AlxGa1−xN epitaxial layers (2004)

Excitonic optical properties of Ga-rich AlxGa1−xN ternary alloy epitaxial layers (x=0.019, 0.038, 0.057, 0.077, and 0.092) have been studied by means of photoluminescence (PL) and time-resolved PL spectroscopy. The luminescence line due to radiative recombination of biexcitons was clearly observed for all of the five ternary alloy epitaxial layers with different Al compositions. The energy separation between exciton luminescence and biexciton luminescence increased with increasing Al composition, which indicated the increase in the binding energy of biexcitons in ternary alloys.
Approximate Cross Channel Color Mapping from Sparse Color Correspondences (2013)

We propose a color mapping method that compensates color differences between images having a common semantic content such as multiple views of a scene taken from different viewpoints. A so-called color mapping model is usually estimated from color correspondences selected from those images. In this work, we introduce a color mapping that model color change in two steps: first, nonlinear, channel-wise mapping, second, linear, cross-channel mapping. Additionally, unlike many state of the art methods, we estimate the model from sparse matches and do not require dense geometric correspondences. We show that well known cross-channel color change can be estimated from sparse color correspondence. Quantitative and visual benchmark tests show good performance compared to recent methods in literature.
An SDN/NFV-Enabled Enterprise Network Architecture Offering Fine-Grained Security Policy Enforcement (2017)

In recent years, the number of attacks and threat vectors against enterprise networks have been constantly increasing in numbers and variety. Despite these attacks, the main security systems, for example network firewalls, have remained rather unchanged. In addition, new challenges arise not only to the level of provided security, but also to the scalability and manageability of the deployed countermeasures such as firewalls and intrusion detection systems. Due to the tight integration into the physical network's infrastructure, a dynamic resource allocation to adapt the security measures to the current network conditions is a difficult undertaking. This article covers different architectural design patterns for the integration of SDN/NFV-based security solutions into enterprise networks.
Preventing IP Fragmentation in Responses for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) (2007)

There is limited support to prevent IP fragmentation when using a UDP
or Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) transport with the Session
Initiation Protocol (SIP). This document describes an extension to
prevent fragmentation in SIP responses.
Laser endarterectomy: a comparison of thrombotic potential following CO2 laser vs surgical endarterectomy. (1986)

Although laser endarterectomy has recently been suggested as useful in the treatment of arteriosclerotic obstructions, the "in vivo" clotting effects have not been well delineated. In this study, the common carotid and femoral arteries of ten mongrel dogs were exposed, and alternating 1 cm segments of each artery were treated with surgical endarterectomy and low-powered CO2 laser endarterectomy. Segments were then harvested, and subjected to histologic examination and vascular prostacyclin synthesis determinations, as measured by 6-keto PFG1a radioimmunoassay. Gross examination and light and scanning electron microscopy showed increased platelet aggregation and more extensive damaging of the underlying media of the laser compared to the surgical segments. Six-keto PFG1a levels were significantly lower (p = 0.001) in the laser compared to surgical sites (mean 232 +/- 72 pg/mg vs 515 +/- 144 pg/mg), or controls (895 +/- 337 pg/mg). These findings suggest that laser endothelial evaporation leads to increased thrombotic potential in the early post-operative period in comparison to surgical endarterectomy.
Advances in the Iron-Catalyzed Direct Functionalizations of Heterocycles (2022)

Abstract Direct functionalization of heterocycles is an advanced strategy for diversifying privileged and biorelevant heterocycle-containing molecules. Particularly, use of the most abundant transition metal, iron, as a catalyst makes this process highly cost-effective and sustainable. Recently, some progress has been realized towards the direct functionalization of heterocycles under iron catalysis. Herein, we present the developments in the C–H bond functionalizations and related reactions of various heterocycles by abundant iron salts. This Synpacts is categorized into different sections based on heterocycles being functionalized, and each section is discussed based on the type of reaction catalyzed by iron. 1 Introduction 2 Functionalization of Indoles 2.1 Alkylation 2.2 Alkenylation 2.3 Other Reactions 3 Oxindoles and Isatins 3.1 C–C Bond Formation 3.2 C–Heteroatom Bond Formation 4 Pyridines and Furans 5 Functionalization of Azoles 6 Summary and Outlook
Toward five-dimensional scaling: How density improves efficiency in future computers (2011)

We address integration density in future computers based on packaging and architectural concepts of the human brain: a dense 3-D architecture for interconnects, fluid cooling, and power delivery of energetic chemical compounds transported in the same fluid with little power needed for pumping. Several efforts have demonstrated that by vertical integration, memory proximity and bandwidth are improved using efficient communication with low-complexity 2-D arrays. However, power delivery and cooling do not allow integration of multiple layers with dense logic elements. Interlayer cooled 3-D chip stacks solve the cooling bottlenecks, thereby allowing stacking of several such stacks, but are still limited by power delivery and communication. Electrochemical power delivery eliminates the electrical power supply network, freeing valuable space for communication, and allows scaling of chip stacks to larger systems beyond exascale device count and performance. We find that historical efficiency trends are related to density and that current transistors are small enough for zetascale systems once communication and supply networks are simultaneously optimized. We infer that biological efficiencies for information processing can be reached by 2060 with ultracompact space-filled systems that make use of brain-inspired packaging and allometric scaling laws.
Human Genetic Relevance and Potent Antitumor Activity of Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibition in Canine Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines (2015)

Here we first established that lung adenocarcinoma in people and dogs are genetically and biochemically similar. STA1474 demonstrated biological activity in both canine lung cancer cell lines and tumor-stromal fibroblasts. As significant decreases in relative cell viability can be achieved with nanomolar concentrations of STA-1474, investigation into the clinical efficacy of this drug in canine lung cancer patients is warranted.
Defect-enhanced interdiffusion at the InGaAs/InAlAs interface due to Si ion implantation (1994)

Interdiffusion at the InGaAs/InAlAs interfaces which are implanted with Si ions has been studied. Quantum well (QW) structures are grown on InP(Fe) substrates by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. Each sample has three InGaAs wells of 2.6, 5.9, and 17.6 nm in thickness and is separated by 24-nm-thick InAlAs barrier layers with each other. The samples are implanted with Si ions at uniform Si densities ranging from 1.8×1017 to 3.9×1019 cm−3 over the QWs, and then annealed under various annealing conditions. The photoluminescence (PL) peak energy from each well is monitored to study the intermixing at the interface. Blue shifts in the PL peak energy are found to occur almost in the early stage of thermal annealing (within 15 s) above the critical Si dose of 2–3×1018 cm−3. The saturated value of the energy shift is determined mostly by the Si density but hardly dependent on the annealing temperature and time. It is concluded that defects formed by Si ion implantation enhance the thermal interdiffusion of Ga and Al atoms at the InGaAs/InAlAs interface, which finishes when implantation-induced defects are annealed out.
80 W, 120 fs Yb-fiber frequency comb (2010)

We report on a high-power fiber frequency comb exhibiting linear chirped-pulse amplification up to 80 W and generating 120 fs pulses. By proper matching of the group delay between the fiber stretcher and compressor, a compression ratio of 3100 could be achieved. Carrier envelope offset self-referencing and long-term phase locking to an rf reference is demonstrated, exemplifying the suitability of this system for generating vacuum and extreme-UV frequency combs via enhancement in passive cavities and high harmonic generation.
Coupling reduction of two planar monopole antennas for modern wireless applications (2015)

This paper presents a mutual reduction technique based on the insertion of two strips between two adjacent planar monopole rectangular patch antennas with an edge to edge separation of λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">o</sub> /31. The array achieves a total realized gain of 3.73, 4.39 and 3.84 dB at 1.85, 2.4, and 3.5 GHz respectively, a relative bandwidth of 69% (1.8 - 3.7) GHz over which the matching level |S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> | is less than -10 dB and the coupling level |S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">21</sub> | is below or equal to -20 dB. The performance offered by the proposed design represents a good candidate to be implemented in modern wireless standards including 3GPP LTE, WiMAX, and IEEE 802.11 WLAN and systems utilizing the ISM band.
713 Development of Pneumatic Master-Slave Hand and Joint Control (2007)

Recently, research has concentrated on pneumatic robot hand. Here, we develop a pneumatic actuator driven by low pressure. We develop a five-fingered robot hand by using the pneumatic actuator, and we construct a master-slave system to enable the robot hand to perform the same operations as a human hand. Next, we make a two kind of 2-link arms that has one degree of freedom using the pneumatic actuators. We construct a control system for the 2-link arm and verify its control performance.
Large-Scale Clonal Analysis Resolves Aging of the Mouse Hematopoietic Stem Cell Compartment (2018)

Aging is linked to functional deterioration and hematological diseases. The hematopoietic system is maintained by hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and dysfunction within the HSC compartment is thought to be a key mechanism underlying age-related hematopoietic perturbations. Using single-cell transplantation assays with five blood-lineage analysis, we previously identified myeloid-restricted repopulating progenitors (MyRPs) within the phenotypic HSC compartment in young mice. Here, we determined the age-related functional changes to the HSC compartment using over 400 single-cell transplantation assays. Notably, MyRP frequency increased dramatically with age, while multipotent HSCs expanded modestly within the bone marrow. We also identified a subset of functional cells that were myeloid restricted in primary recipients but displayed multipotent (five blood-lineage) output in secondary recipients. We have termed this cell type latent-HSCs, which appear exclusive to the aged HSC compartment. These results question the traditional dogma of HSC aging and our current approaches to assay and define HSCs.
Ligand Binding and Calcium Influx Induce Distinct Ectodomain/γ-Secretase-processing Pathways of EphB2 Receptor (2007)

Binding of EphB receptors to ephrinB ligands on the surface of adjacent cells initiates signaling cascades that regulate angiogenesis, axonal guidance, and neuronal plasticity. These functions require processing of EphB receptors and removal of EphB-ephrinB complexes from the cell surface, but the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Here we show that the ectodomain of EphB2 receptor is released to extracellular space following cleavage after EphB2 residue 543. The remaining membrane-associated fragment is cleaved by the presenilin-dependent gamma-secretase activity after EphB2 residue 569 releasing an intracellular peptide that contains the cytoplasmic domain of EphB2. This cleavage is inhibited by presenilin 1 familial Alzheimer disease mutations. Processing of EphB2 receptor depends on specific treatments: ephrinB ligand-induced processing requires endocytosis, and the ectodomain cleavage is sensitive to peptide inhibitor N-benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Leu-leucinal but insensitive to metalloproteinase inhibitor GM6001. The ligand-induced processing takes place in endosomes and involves the rapid degradation of the extracellular EphB2. EphrinB ligand stimulates ubiquitination of EphB2 receptor. Calcium influx- and N-methyl-d-aspartic acid-induced processing of EphB2 is inhibited by GM6001 and ADAM10 inhibitors but not by N-benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Leu-leucinal. This processing requires no endocytosis and promotes rapid shedding of extracellular EphB2, indicating that it takes place at the plasma membrane. Our data identify novel cleavages and modifications of EphB2 receptor and indicate that specific conditions determine the proteolytic systems and subcellular sites involved in the processing of this receptor.
Read out test of inorganic-organic hybrid scintillator; Pr: LuAG single crystal covered with plastic scintillator (2010)

Read out test of inorganic-organic hybrid scintillator; Pr:LuAG single crystal covered with plastic scintillator are demonstrated. The Pr:LuAG sample coated with bis-MSB+TB-PVD containing WLS showed the better light output and energy resolution than the Pr:LuAG itself. Light output was increased up to 55% and energy resolution was also improved to 6.1%@662keV using APD (Hamamats S8664-8220). In the case of MPPC (Hamamatsu S10362_33_050 3600pixel-type), light output was increased up to 35% and energy resolution was also improved to 8.8%@662keV. Decay curve of the Pr:LuAG sample coupled with the WLS was also measured and successfully modeled.
Impact of the ASA Physical Status Score on Adjuvant Chemotherapy Eligibility and Survival of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Patients: a Multicenter Study (2017)

The aim of the present multi-institutional study was to assess the influence of the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status (ASA-PS) classification on adjuvant chemotherapy eligibility and survival in a multi-institutional cohort of patients treated with radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). We retrospectively reviewed data from 416 patients who underwent RNU for UTUC at four Korean institutions between 2001 and 2013. The ASA-PS classification was obtained from the anesthesia chart. Locally advanced UTUC was defined as ≥ pT3 and/or pN1 disease. The influence of ASA-PS score on survival was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analyses and a multivariate Cox regression model. Patients with a higher ASA-PS class were less likely to be eligible for adjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced UTUC (P = 0.016). Kaplan-Meier estimates showed that the high-risk ASA-PS group has a poorer overallsurvival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) compared to low risk ASA-PS groups in both the total and locally advanced UTUC cohorts. Based on multivariate Cox regression analysis, the high-risk ASA-PS category was an independent predictor for overall mortality (OM) (hazard ratio [HR], 1.919; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.017-3.619; P = 0.044) and cancer-specific mortality (CSM) (HR, 2.120; 95% CI, 1.023-4.394; P = 0.043). In conclusion, high-risk ASA-PS score was independently associated with a lower survival rate in patients with UTUC after RNU. However, the influence of ASA-PS classification on survival was limited to locally advanced UTUC. The lower eligibility of patients in the high-risk ASA category for adjuvant chemotherapy may contribute to the lower survival rate in this group.
Frequency‐Swept Integrated Solid Effect (2017)

The efficiency of continuous wave dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) experiments decreases at the high magnetic fields used in contemporary high-resolution NMR applications. To recover the expected signal enhancements from DNP, we explored time domain experiments such as NOVEL which matches the electron Rabi frequency to the nuclear Larmor frequency to mediate polarization transfer. However, satisfying this matching condition at high frequencies is technically demanding. As an alternative we report here frequency-swept integrated solid effect (FS-ISE) experiments that allow low power sweeps of the exciting microwave frequencies to constructively integrate the negative and positive polarizations of the solid effect, thereby producing a polarization efficiency comparable to (±10 % difference) NOVEL. Finally, the microwave frequency modulation results in field profiles that exhibit new features that we coin the "stretched" solid effect.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure‐Activity, and Structure‐Side Effect Relationships of a Series of 8‐Alkoxy‐ and 5‐Amino‐8‐alkoxyquinolone Antibacterial Agents. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Dibenzothiophene derivatives as host materials for high efficiency in deep blue phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes (2011)

Various dibenzothiophene derivatives were synthesized as high triplet energy host materials for deep blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) and their device performances were investigated. Dibenzothiophene host materials with a hole transport type carbazole and electron transport type phosphine oxide moieties showed high quantum efficiency and low driving voltage due to balanced charge injection and transport. A high quantum efficiency of 20.2% and only 10% reduction of quantum efficiency at 1000 cd m−2 were demonstrated from the deep blue PHOLEDs with the dibenzothiophene based high triplet energy host materials.