gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Silicon-Based Group-IV O-E-O Devices for Gain, Logic, and Wavelength Conversion (2020)

Using the strip-guided “manufacturable” SOI/GeSn group-IV integrated-photonics platform operating at 1550 nm, we propose an optical-to-electrical-to-optical (O-E-O) device that can work either as an amplifierless optical repeater with gain, as a linear-optics wavelength-converter repeater, or as a new “optical–optical” logic (OOL) gate. An interconnected array of such linear-optics gates performs complicated digital-logic functions. The OEO comprises a photodetector (PD), an electro-optical modulator (EOM), and an electrical biasing-and-interconnect circuit. A digitally modulated optical signal is sent into a waveguided photoconductive GeSn PIN PD whose electrical output is compatible with the electrical input of a resonant bus-coupled Si PN-depletion microdisk EOM modulating a CW optical input beam. Our self-consistent physical model takes into account N and P doping effects. Assuming a peak optical input power of 0.5 mW and 3 V DC bias, our 1.55 μm simulations predict successful repeater-converter operation at 6.5 GHz (13 Gbit/s) and successful OOL functioning at 4.7 GHz (9.4 Gbit/s), with 12-to-16 dB extinction ratio and switching energy in the 5.8 to 9.6 fJ/bit range. A further increase of the OOL bit rate to 14 Gbit/s is available at the expense of an increased optical signal power.
P4‐063: Corticosteroids, but not Nsaids, are Associated With Less Alzheimer Neuropathology (2010)

We examined the hypothesis that corticosteroid and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) medications are associated with less global and regional Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology. This postmortem study was based on 694 brains of subjects from the Mount Sinai School of Medicine Brain Bank who did not have neuropathologies other than neuritic plaques (NPs), neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), or cerebrovascular disease. Densities of NPs and of NFTs were assessed in several neocortical regions and in the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and amygdala. Counts of NPs in several neocortical regions were also assessed. For each neuropathology measure, analyses of covariance controlling for age at death and sex compared subjects who received only corticosteroids (n = 54) or those who received only NSAIDs (n = 56) to the same comparison group, subjects who received neither (n = 576). By the conservative Holm criteria for multiple comparisons, subjects receiving corticosteroids had significantly lower ratings and counts of NPs for all neuropathological measures, and NFTs overall and in the cerebral cortex and amygdala. In contrast, no measures were significant for subjects who received NSAIDs. In this neuropathological study, use of corticosteroids was associated with approximately 50% less NPs and NFTs in most regions examined, compared to non-medicated subjects. In contrast, use of NSAIDs was not substantially associated with the reductions in hallmark lesions of AD. Since corticosteroids have a myriad of neurobiological effects, more direct studies in model systems could reveal novel mechanisms for AD lesion reduction and therapeutic targets.
Identification of small molecules that selectively inhibit fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans in the presence of fluconazole but not in its absence - Probe 2 (2011)

The effectiveness of the potent antifungal drug fluconazole has been compromised by the rise of drug-resistant fungal pathogens. It has been observed that inhibition of Hsp90 can reverse drug resistance in Candida; however, it is challenging to find fungal-specific inhibitors of Hsp90 that do not also impair the human host protein. The Molecular Libraries Probe Production Centers Network (MLPCN) library was screened in duplicate dosings to identify compounds that selectively reverse fluconazole resistance in a Candida albicans clinical isolate, while having no antifungal activity when administered as a single agent. An indazole compound (CID3243873) was identified as meeting most of the probe criteria, and subsequent SAR identified a more potent analog as a new probe compound (ML212).
Dielectric relaxation ofα-tocopherol acetate (vitamin E) (2007)

Dielectric loss spectra are reported for alpha -tocopherol acetate (an isomer of vitamin E) in the supercooled and glassy states. The alpha -relaxation times, tau_{alpha} , measured over a 190 degrees range of temperatures, T , at pressures, P , up to 400MPa can be expressed as a single function of TV3.9 ( V is specific volume, measured herein as a function of T and P ). At ambient pressure, there is no dynamic crossover over eight decades of measured tau_{alpha} . The relaxation spectra above the glass transition temperature T_{g} show ionic conductivity and an excess wing on the high-frequency flank of the alpha -relaxation loss peak. Temperature-pressure superpositioning is valid for the alpha process; moreover, the peak shape is constant (stretch exponent equal to 0.65). However, application of pressure changes the shape of the dielectric spectrum at higher frequencies due to the shift of the excess wing to form a resolved peak. Additionally, another relaxation process, absent at atmospheric pressure, emerges on the high-frequency side of the alpha -process. We propose that this new peak reflects a more compact conformation of the alpha -tocopherol acetate molecule. Drawing on the coupling model, the experimentally determined relaxation times, activation energy, and activation volume for the Johari-Goldstein process are compared to values calculated from the properties of the alpha relaxation. The agreement is generally satisfactory, at least for T<T_{g} .
Stretchable Textile Yarn Based on UHF RFID Helical Tag (2021)

In the context of wearable technology, several techniques have been used for the fabrication of radio frequency identification (RFID) tags such as 3D printing, inkjet printing, and even embroidery. In contrast to these methods where the tag is attached to the object by using sewing or simple sticking, the E-Thread® technology is a novel assembling method allowing for the integration of the RFID tag into a textile yarn and thus makes it embeddable into the object at the fabrication stage. The current E-Thread® yarn uses a RFID tag in which the antenna is a straight half-wave dipole that makes the solution vulnerable to mechanical strains (i.e., elongation). In this paper, we propose an alternative to the current RFID yarn solution with the use of an antenna having a helical geometry that answers to the mechanical issues and keeps quite similar electrical and radiative properties with respect to the present solution. The RFID helical tag was designed and simulated taking into consideration the constraints of the manufacturing process. The helical RFID tag was then fabricated using the E-Thread® technology and experimental characterization showed that the obtained structure exhibited good performance with 10.6 m of read range in the ultra high frequency (UHF) RFID band and 10% of tolerance in terms of elongation.
Constrained flooding: a robust and efficient routing framework for wireless sensor networks (2006)

Flooding protocols for wireless networks in general have been shown to be very inefficient and therefore are mainly used in network initialization or route discovery and maintenance. In this paper, we propose a framework of constrained flooding protocols. The framework incorporates a reinforcement learning kernel, a differential delay mechanism, and a constrained and probabilistic retransmission policy. This type of protocol takes the advantages of robustness from flooding, but maintains energy efficiency by constraining retransmissions. Without the use of any control packets, such a protocol adapts to the specific routing requirements of the task and the dynamic changes of the network. We analyze this framework in simulation using a real-world application in sensor networks.
Comparison of Time-Domain OCT and Fundus Photographic Assessments of Retinal Thickening in Eyes with Diabetic Macular Edema (2008)

There was a moderate correlation between OCT and FP assessments of RT in patients with DME and slightly less correlation of either measure with VA. OCT and FP provide complementary information but neither is a reliable surrogate for VA.
Bio‐Inspired Carbon Monoxide Sensors with Voltage‐Activated Sensitivity (2017)

Carbon monoxide (CO) outcompetes oxygen when binding to the iron center of hemeproteins, leading to a reduction in blood oxygen level and acute poisoning. Harvesting the strong specific interaction between CO and the iron porphyrin provides a highly selective and customizable sensor. We report the development of chemiresistive sensors with voltage-activated sensitivity for the detection of CO comprising iron porphyrin and functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (F-SWCNTs). Modulation of the gate voltage offers a predicted extra dimension for sensing. Specifically, the sensors show a significant increase in sensitivity toward CO when negative gate voltage is applied. The dosimetric sensors are selective to ppm levels of CO and functional in air. UV/Vis spectroscopy, differential pulse voltammetry, and density functional theory reveal that the in situ reduction of Fe<sup>III</sup> to Fe<sup>II</sup> enhances the interaction between the F-SWCNTs and CO. Our results illustrate a new mode of sensors wherein redox active recognition units are voltage-activated to give enhanced and highly specific responses.
Synthesis of Nanomaterials Using Microemulsion Process (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
High-frequency link inverter based on multiple-carrier PWM (2003)

High-frequency AC link conversion offers a possible way to produce reduced-cost inverters for low-voltage DC sources such as fuel cells. The control complexity can be addressed by adapting pulse-width modulation (PWM) techniques. Here, a multi-carrier pulse-width modulation (PWM) approach is introduced as a convenient way to implement a high-frequency link inverter. The approach is a direct extension of conventional PWM, and supports square-wave cycloconversion methods that have appeared in prior literature. Simulation and experimental results are developed for a simple low-voltage AC link inverter.
Terrestrial Planets Comparative Climatology (TPCC) mission concept (2021)

Climatology (TPCC) mission concept white paper advocate that planetary science in the next decade would greatly benefit from comparatively studying the fundamental behavior of the atmospheres of Venus and Mars, contemporaneously and with the same instrumentation, to capture atmospheric response to the same solar forcing, and with a minimum of instrument-related variability.
An integrated single-cell atlas of the limb skeleton from development through adulthood (2022)

Abstract The recent growth of single-cell transcriptomics has turned single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) into a near-routine experiment. Breakthroughs in improving scalability have led to the creation of organism-wide transcriptomic datasets, aiming to comprehensively profile the cell types and states within an organism throughout its lifecycle. To date, however, the skeleton remains a majorly underrepresented organ system in organism-wide atlases. Considering how the skeleton not only serves as the central framework of the vertebrate body but is also the home of the hematopoietic niche and a central player in major metabolic and homeostatic processes, this presents a major deficit in current reference atlas projects. To address this issue, we integrated ten separate scRNA-seq datasets containing limb skeletal cells and their developmental precursors, generating an atlas of 133 332 cells. This limb skeletal cell atlas describes cells across the mesenchymal lineage from the induction of the limb to the adult bone and encompasses 39 different cell states. Furthermore, expanding the repertoire of available time points and cell types within a single dataset allowed for more complete analyses of cell-cell communication or in silico perturbation studies. Taken together, we present a missing piece in the current atlas mapping efforts, which will be of value to researchers in the fields of skeletal biology, hematopoiesis, metabolism and regenerative medicine.
Gilvocarcin photobiology. Isolation and characterization of the DNA photoadduct (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGilvocarcin photobiology. Isolation and characterization of the DNA photoadductLawrence R. McGee and Renuka MisraCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 6, 2386–2389Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00162a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00162a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views221Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Aktivitätsuntersuchungen und Methoden zur Regeneration von Katalysatoren für die autotherme Reformierung von Dieselkraftstoffen (2015)

The present study concerns the impacts that the molar ratios of reactants have on the catalytic activity of different catalyst systems while operating parameters are gradually altered. The hydrogen synthesized on the surfaces of catalysts varies with catalyst activity. If the H2 concentration drops, catalyst deactivation occurs, and the catalyst material is unsuitable for autothermal reforming (ATR). The main deactivation mechanisms are poisoning, carbon deposition, thermal degradation, mechanical wear, corrosion, and leaching. These forms of deactivation can cause total inactivity of the relevant catalyst system. Deactivation is a process that can alter the structure and state of the catalyst. The aforementioned mechanisms reduce the number of catalytically active centres on the surfaces, which gives rise to a loss of activity. An ideally designed catalyst system comprises a solid oxide substrate – the cordierite Mg2Al4Si5O18 – and an oxide washcoat upon which the catalyst is deposited. The washcoat enlarges the surface, ensuring better catalyst dispersion and thus activation. The catalyst is an agent that accelerates the chemical reaction but is not actually used up itself. Tried and tested catalysts are simply transition metals with a high conductivity, density, and melting point. As fuel, NExBTL and Ultimate Diesel, which have different chemical and physical properties, are used.The test reactor used in the analysis – an autothermal reformer – is designed so that the different catalyst systems can be exchanged quickly via a flange. Before and after their use in the test rig, the same procedure is used to analyse the samples and thus compare the fresh and aged catalysts. In the tests, the catalyst activity is determined on the basis of the H2 concentration. In addition, the results of the analyses before and after the tests permit conclusions on catalyst activity. These analytical results can then be correlated with the test results.
Optical sensing of macromolecules and microparticles distribution in tissues (2012)

This paper describe a highly systematic set of experiments demonstrating capability of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) technique for depth-resolved, real-time and truly noninvasive analysis of complex diffusion processes of macromolecules in epithelial and vascular tissues as well to image and detect magnetic microparticles (stationary and moving) under the skin with single-particle sensitivity. For example, we demonstrate that the permeation of VLDL, LDL, HDL, and glucose in normal and diseased human carotid endarterectomy tissues could be quantified that supported previous suggestions of an enhanced transport mechanism specific to LDL. Additionally, we investigated sensitivity of OCT to assess magnetic microbead (d=2.8 um) count under the skin, which could the basis for development of continuous glucose sensing platform.
The Canterbury Child's Aid: A Binaural Spatial Sensor for Research with Blind Children (1979)

A binaural sensory aid for research with blind children is described along with the rationale for its design features. The basic operation of this form of aid is described in detail with particular reference to those features that control the sensing parameters of range, direction and field of view. A novel automatic level controller which ensures that device sounds remain audible but not excessively loud, in spite of changes in background noise levels, is also described. The likely future development of these forms of sonic aids is discussed.
MPDA: Microarray pooled DNA analyzer (2008)

MPDA, the software that integrates pooled DNA association analysis and allelic imbalance analysis, provides a convenient analysis system for extensive whole-genome pooled DNA data analysis. The software, user manual and illustrated examples are freely available online at the MPDA website listed in the Availability and requirements section.
Proton-Bound Dimer (2016)

This document contains recommendations for terminology in mass spectrometry. Development of standard terms dates back to 1974 when the IUPAC Commission on Analytical Nomenclature issued recommendations on mass spectrometry terms and definitions. In 1978, the IUPAC Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy updated and extended the recommendations and made further recommendations regarding symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations. The IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy’s Subcommittee on Mass Spectroscopy revised the recommended terms in 1991 and appended terms relating to vacuum technology. Some additional terms related to tandem mass spectrometry were added in 1993 and accelerator mass spectrometry in 1994. Owing to the rapid expansion of the field in the intervening years, particularly in mass spectrometry of biomolecules, a further revision of the recommendations has become necessary. This document contains a comprehensive revision of mass spectrometry terminology that represents the current consensus of the mass spectrometry community.
40nm Embedded Self-Aligned Split-Gate Flash Technology for High-Density Automotive Microcontrollers (2017)

This paper successfully demonstrates a logic-compatible, high performance and high reliability, automotive-grade 2.5V embedded NVM process extending over several generations. A high-density flash macro is used to debug process complexities which arise from the add-on modules. The modular approach is adopted for integrating self-aligned, floating-gate-based split-gate SuperFlash® ESF3 cell into 40nm CMOS logic process. Key features of the product-like Macro are dual power supply with input voltage fluctuations, wide operating temperature range from -40°C to 150°C, fast byte/word program under 10μs and sector/chip erase under 10ms. The macro random read access time is only 8ns under worst case conditions. Key process monitors are characterization and yield of the Macro. Endurance was extended to 200k cycles and satisfy automotive grade requirement with wide read margin. Post-cycling data retention performs very well up to 150°C. Wafer sort yield is in high double digits, with consistent wafer-to-wafer and within-wafer uniformity, showing good process control. The technology is suitable for high-speed automotive MCU, as well as IoT, smart card, and industrial MCU applications.
Biomolecular Patterning via Photocatalytic Lithography (2005)

We have developed a novel method for patterning surface chemistry: Photocatalytic Lithography. This technique relies on inexpensive stamp materials and light; it does not necessitate mass transport or specified substrates, and the wavelength of light should not limit feature resolution. We have demonstrated the utility of this technique through the patterning of proteins, single cells and bacteria.
Less than mm2 macrosymmetry in polarized (011)-oriented relaxor-PbTiO3 single crystals reflected in the face shear properties (2022)

The macrosymmetry of (011)-oriented nominally rhombohedral relaxor-PbTiO3 single crystals poled along the [011] direction is investigated using the impedance spectroscopy method. Contrary to the common belief on the mm2 macrosymmetry, we find that the mm2 macrosymmetry significantly underestimates the electromechanical coupling of the ZXt 45°-cut transverse extension specimen by about 10%. We show that the underestimated electromechanical coupling can be corrected by assigning a lower symmetry of 2, i.e., an average monoclinic symmetry. The validity of the newly assigned macrosymmetry and the presence of non-regular phases presumably responsible for the apparent loss of mirror symmetry are confirmed by radial strain and thermally stimulated depolarization measurements, respectively.
Improved frequency-shift method for shear wave attenuation computation (2020)

Ultrasound shear wave elastography and assessment of attenuation can increase the diagnostic accuracy of numerous diseases. The main objective of this work was to propose two improvements to the frequency shift (FS) method for shear wave attenuation assessment. First, the shape parameter of the gamma distribution employed to fit the spectrum amplitude of shear waves now varies spatially. Second, a random sample consensus (RANSAC) line fitting method is utilized for calculating the attenuation due to its superiority in the presence of noise and outliers. The shear wave propagation in a tissue-mimicking numerical phantom was modeled as a Kelvin-Voigt (KV) viscoelastic material with finite element (FE) simulations in COMSOL. The shear wave amplitude spectrum was fit using a gamma distribution function, and the slope of the rate parameter of this function obtained by the RANSAC method provided the attenuation coefficient. This method was applied to two numerical phantoms (viscosity of 0.5 and 2 Pa.s), two experimental tissue-mimicking viscoelastic phantoms, and two ex vivo blood clot samples embedded in phantoms. Numerical phantoms were also investigated in the presence of Gaussian random noise at SNR levels of 20 dB to 0 dB. Results were compared with FS, two-point frequency shift (2P-FS) method, and attenuation measuring ultrasound shear wave elastography (AMUSE) method. Mean values of the attenuation coefficient, averaged over a region of interest, were compared between implemented methods. For simulations at different SNRs, the proposed, 2P-FS and AMUSE methods gave mean values close to the KV model. At a SNR of 0 dB, biases of the proposed method were 0.0025 and 0.0258 Np/m/Hz, and variances were 0.0024 and 0.0158 (Np/m/Hz) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , for viscosities of 0.5 and 2 Pa.s, respectively. For homogeneous gel phantoms, mean values of the proposed method were: #1) 0.4351; #2) 0.4621. For blood clot phantoms, mean values were: #1) 0.2573; #2) 0.9875. Biases of the proposed method compared to KV or AMUSE were smaller for numerical phantoms, whereas its variance was less than 2P-FS for all datasets.