gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Family-Based Replication Study of Schizophrenia Genes (2020)

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a devastating psychiatric condition. Identifying the specific genetic variants and pathways that increase susceptibility to SCZ is critical to improve disease understanding and address the urgent need for new drug targets.
Constant-Round Client-Aided Two-Server Secure Comparison Protocol and Its Applications (2019)

We present an improved constant-round secure two-party protocol for integer comparison functionality, which is one of the most fundamental building blocks in secure computation. Our protocol is in the so-called client-server model, which is utilized in real-world MPC products such as Sharemind, where any number of clients can create shares of their input and distribute to the servers who then jointly compute over the shares and return the shares of the result to the client. In the client-aided client-server model, as mentioned briefly by Mohassel and Zhang (S&P'17), a client further generates and distributes some necessary correlated randomness to servers. Such correlated randomness admits efficient protocols since otherwise, servers have to jointly generate randomness by themselves, which can be inefficient. In this paper, we improve the state-of-the-art constant-round comparison protocols by Damgå rd et al. (TCC'06) and Nishide and Ohta (PKC'07) in the client-aided model. Our techniques include identifying correlated randomness in these comparison protocols. Along the way, we also use tree-based techniques for a building block, which deviate from the above two works. Our proposed protocol requires only 5 communication rounds, regardless of the bit length of inputs. This is at least 5 times fewer rounds than existing protocols. We implement our secure comparison protocol in C++. Our experimental results show that this low-round complexity benefits in high-latency networks such as WAN. We also present secure Min/Argmin protocols using the secure comparison protocol.
Abstract 10913: Causes of Early Mortality After Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation (2022)

Background: Recognition of the causes of early mortality after atrial fibrillation (AF) catheter ablation is essential for the improvement of patient safety. Objective: This study sought to determine the causes of early mortality (≤90-days) after AF ablation and to further understand the circumstances surrounding death after the procedure. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of AF ablation from January 1, 2013, to December 1, 2021 at the Mayo Clinic (Rochester, Phoenix, and Jacksonville). Causes of death were identified through a comprehensive chart review of the electronic health record from within the Mayo Clinic system and outside records when available. Results: A total of 6,723 patients were included in the study. The 30-day and 90-day all-cause mortality rates were 0.09% and 0.22%, respectively. Among all 90-day deaths, majority of the deaths (73.3%) did not have a direct relationship with the procedure. Sudden death was the most common cause of early death (20%), followed by peri-procedural stroke (13%), respiratory failure (13%), atrioesophageal fistula (13%), infection (7%), heart failure (7%), and traumatic brain injury (7%). The 90-day mortality rate directly due to AF ablation procedural complications was 0.06%. Most of the early deaths (93.3%) occurred after discharge from index hospitalization, among which 64.3% were readmitted before their death, 14% died at home, and 7% were discharged on comfort care and died in hospice. The main reason for readmission leading to death was respiratory failure (33%). Conclusion: Atrial fibrillation ablation procedure has a 90-day mortality of 0.22% and the most common cause of early mortality was sudden death. The majority (73.3%) of early mortality was not directly associated with a procedural complication, and the mortality rate due to complications associated with the AF ablation procedure was 0.06%.
Atrial Tachycardias Arising from Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation: A Proarrhythmic Bump or an Antiarrhythmic Turn? (2010)

The occurrence of atrial tachycardias (AT) is a direct function of the volume of atrial tissue ablated in the patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Thus, the incidence of AT is highest in persistent AF patients undergoing stepwise ablation using the strategic combination of pulmonary vein isolation, electrogram based ablation and left atrial linear ablation. Using deductive mapping strategy, AT can be divided into three clinical categories viz. the macroreentry, the focal and the newly described localized reentry all of which are amenable to catheter ablation with success rate of 95%. Perimitral, roof dependent and cavotricuspid isthmus dependent AT involve large reentrant circuits which can be successfully ablated at the left mitral isthmus, left atrial roof and tricuspid isthmus respectively. Complete bidirectional block across the sites of linear ablation is a necessary endpoint. Focal and localized reentrant AT commonly originate from but are not limited to the septum, posteroinferior left atrium, venous ostia, base of the left atrial appendage and left mitral isthmus and they respond quickly to focal ablation. AT not only represents ablation-induced proarrhythmia but also forms a bridge between AF and sinus rhythm in longstanding AF patients treated successfully with catheter ablation.
Design Framework for Hierarchy Maintenance Algorithms in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (2006)

Domain autoconfiguration techniques allow the quick formation of highly optimized hierarchies that greatly enhance network scalability and overall performance. For example, instead of producing a simple two level hierarchy based only on topology, the optimization can produce multi-level hierarchies that take into account factors such as mission goals and predicted node/link heterogeneity. However, in dynamic networks, such as expected in the future military networks, these highly optimized solutions degrade very quickly. Indeed, if we use standard local maintenance algorithms that do not align well with the optimization goals, then the performance can reach the level of a suboptimal solution in less than two minutes. This paper proposes a taxonomy of local maintenance algorithms into four basic classes and quantifies the performance benefits of using representative approaches that act in accordance with the optimization goals.
A measuring method for the mass flow determination in a pneumatic conveying system (2013)

In this contribution a novel measuring concept for the mass flow determination of pneumatic conveyed particles is presented. Therefore, the so-called pseudo transmission measurement concept was adapted for the simultaneous determination of the volume fraction and velocity of particle flow within a pneumatic conveying tube. The substitution of two ultra broadband 80 GHz FMCW radar systems increases the measuring accuracy and is used for measurements on a continuous particle flow. Therefore, an experimental pneumatic conveying system is introduced. Flow simulations of the conveying pipe and 3D electromagnetic simulations of the measurement method illustrate the flow behavior inside the conveying tube and the rf-measuring performance, respectively. Measurement results concerning the volume fraction determination, as well as the velocity determination will be presented and discussed in detail.
Nonrigid registration combining global and local statistics (2009)

In this paper we exploit normalized mutual information for the nonrigid registration of multimodal images. Rather than assuming that image statistics are spatially stationary, as often done in traditional information-theoretic methods, we take into account the spatial variability through a weighted combination of global normalized mutual information and local matching statistics. Spatial relationships are incorporated into the registration criterion by adoptively adjusting the weight according to the strength of local cues. With a continuous representation of images and Parzen window estimators, we have developed closed-form expressions of the first-order variation with respect to any general, nonparametric, infinite-dimensional deformation of the image domain. To characterize the performance of the proposed approach, synthetic phantoms, simulated MRIs, and clinical data are used in a validation study. The results suggest that the augmented normalized mutual information provides substantial improvements in terms of registration accuracy and robustness.
Effect of Transcranial Low-Level Light Therapy vs Sham Therapy Among Patients With Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury (2020)

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02233413.
Interference effects and aperture averaging in retroreflected light (2008)

An experimental study has been made on the contribution to the effective scintillation index due to aperture averaging and interference effects when using multiple retroreflectors in free-space optical links. These studies are of relevance to asymmetric data links where modulating retroreflectors are used at the remote end of the free-space optical link. For closely spaced retroreflectors the effect of coherent interference at the receiver is seen to increase the effective variance of the received signal, whereas spatial averaging is apparent for more widely spaced retroreflectors. The scintillation index, probability density functions, and fade rates are all affected by the interference. Experiments were conducted over both a short-range (500 to 800 m) and a long-range (16 km) link. The long-range link used three retroreflectors having a spacing that was large enough that interference effects contributed minimally to the observed variance. However, the variance clearly depended on the number of retroreflectors. In addition to measuring the scintillation index, images of the returned light were recorded using a fast framing camera. These experiments were conducted over land and mixed water-land terrains in the case of the short-range links, and exclusively over water in the case of the 16-km link from Chesapeake Beach to Tilghman Island.
Impact of additive manufacturing on reaction to fire (2023)

Additive manufacturing, including fused deposition modelling, is a growing technology opening up wide perspectives in material sciences. However, the ability to produce suitable fire-retarded materials via this process has never been studied extensively. This work focuses on understanding the relation between reaction to fire and numerous additive manufacturing parameters. The goal was to determine the impact of those parameters on standard fire tests such as flame propagation test (UL94V) and cone calorimetry. The results were compared with material samples formulated via usual processes. On one hand, flame propagation results are impacted by many additive manufacturing parameters, such as the design of the part and the material flow. On the other hand, cone calorimeter results are only influenced by parameters having an impact on the sample mass.
Initial Condition Monitoring Experience on a Wind Turbine (2012)

The initial installation of a condition monitoring system (CMS) on a utility scale wind turbine produced a number of unexpected results. The CMS was installed on the TechnoCentre éolien Repower MM92. The installation allowed testing of a MEMS (microelecctromechanical system) based sensor technology and allowed and in-depth analysis of vibration data and revolutions per minute (RPM) data. A large 3/revolution effect, due to tower shadow and wind shear, required the development of an enhanced time synchronous average algorithm. The ability to easily measured changes in main rotor RPM, as a result of tower shadow and wind shear phenomenology, may also facilitate the detection of icing or blade pitch error.
CONFORMATION SPECIFIC SPECTROSCOPIC INVESTIGATION OF $\beta$- and $\alpha$/$\beta$-PEPTIDES: INSIGHT INTO THE AMIDE I AND AMIDE II SPECTRAL SIGNATURES (2008)

Author Institution: Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
EVALUATION OF HOW CIGARETTE SMOKE IS A DIRECT RISK FACTOR FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (2012)

Cigarette smoking is a risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD), the pathological hallmark of which is amyloid-β (Aβ) brain deposits. We found the adjusted risk of AD was significantly increased among medium level smokers (RR = 2.56; 95% CI = 1.65-5.52), with an even higher risk in the heavy smoking group (RR = 3.03; 95% CI = 1.25-4.02). This systematic review and original data further support this association. We searched Pubmed, Google scholar, and PsyINFO for original population study articles, meta-analyses, and reviews published between 1987 and 2011. Some studies were excluded due to design flaws including survivor bias. We performed analyses of: 1) amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing in N2a cells overexpressing Swedish mutant APP (SweAPP N2a) exposed to cigarette smoke condensate (CSC), 2) microglial inflammatory response to CSC, and 3) CSC exposed microglial phagocytosis of Aβ(1-42). CSC significantly promotes neuronal Aβ generation, increases microglial IL-1β and TNF-α production, and decreases microglial Aβ(1-42) phagocytosis. The mechanism underlying the epidemiological association of cigarette smoking with AD might involve the effect of cigarette smoke on APP processing, a reduction of Aβ clearance by microglia, and/or an increased microglial proinflammatory response. In vivo studies are required to fully elucidate how cigarette smoke promotes AD.
Disparate effects of representative dithiocarbamates on selected immunological parameters in vivo and cell survival in vitro in female B6C3F1 mice (1992)

Recent studies indicate that sodium methyldithiocarbamate is immunotoxic. Major effects of this compound in female B6C3F1 mice include decreased thymus weight, increased spleen weight, and decreased natural killer (NK) cell activity. The effects of other dithiocarbamates on these parameters are not known, and the immunotoxic potential of this important class of compounds is uncertain. In the present study, the effects of sodium methyldithiocarbamate (SMD), sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DEDTC), and disodium ethylene-bis(dithiocarbamate)(EBD) on thymus weight, spleen weight, and NK cell activity were compared in female B6C3F1 mice. SMD caused significant loss of thymic weight following oral administration at 200, 225, or 300 mg/kg/d for 7 d and caused significant suppression of splenic NK cell activity at doses of 150, 225, or 300 mg/kg/d for 7 d. In contrast, a dose of 1000 mg/kg/d of DEDTC was required to decrease significantly thymus weight or increase spleen weight, and the only significant change produced by EBD was a slight increase in spleen weight at a dose of 675 mg/kg/d. EBD and DEDTC did not affect NK cell activity at any dose tested. Dithiocarbamates are known to be cytotoxic for a variety of cell types, and it seemed possible that SMD might be more potent in vivo than EBD or DEDTC because it was more cytotoxic than these compounds. However, direct measurement of the cytotoxicity of all three compounds toward splenocytes and thymocytes in vitro demonstrated that SMD and EBD are approximately equally potent (EC50 from 6.1 to 10.5 microM), whereas DEDTC is much more potent (EC50 from 0.13 to 0.15 microM). Of the three compounds examined in this study, only SMD affected thymus weight, spleen weight, and splenic NK cell activity in vivo. Thus, this pattern of immunological effects is not produced by all dithiocarbamates. In addition, the data demonstrate that differences in the potency of SMD, DEDTC, and EBD in vivo do not correlate with their relative cytotoxic potencies in vitro.
Low-pressure self-expandable luminal shield system: mechanical stabilization of high-risk coronary atherosclerotic lesions (2010)

The mechanical disruption of a thin-cap fibroatheroma by the use of balloon-expandable stents may potentially lead to the development of adverse periprocedural (no-reflow phenomenon) and long-term (stent thrombosis) clinical adverse events. It has been hypothesized that for this type of high-risk lesion, the use of ‘low radial force’ self-expandable stents specifically designed to provide suitable outward forces enabling proper vessel wall apposition and controlled luminal gain over time could be beneficial. In addition, it is believed that due to their intrinsic mechanical properties, the amount of injury elicited by the implantation of the device may be decreased, thus potentially reducing the amount of neointimal proliferation. In the setting of nonruptured lesions (so-called ‘vulnerable plaques’), necrotic core remodeling could be achieved resulting in thickening of the fibrous cap by a newly formed neointima (so-called ‘neo-cap’), thus potentially stabilizing a thin-cap fibroatheroma from future rupt...
On the compression behaviour of (Ti0.5,V0.5)2AlC and (Ti0.5,Nb0.5)2AlC to quasi-hydrostatic pressures above 50 GPa (2007)

Using a synchrotron x-ray radiation source and a diamond anvil cell we measured the functional dependences of the lattice parameters of (Ti(0.5),V(0.5))(2)AlC and (Ti(0.5),Nb(0.5))(2)AlC to quasi-hydrostatic pressure of the order of 50 GPa. Like for other solids in this family of layered ternary carbides and nitrides, the bulk moduli (≈183 GPa) are high and no phase transformations were observed. The bulk moduli of the solid solution compositions were lower than those of the end members. The effect was much more dramatic when Ti replaced Nb in Nb(2)AlC than when it replaced V in V(2)AlC. In the former case the modulus drops by 13% from 209 GPa, with the softening coming almost exclusively from the c-axis. This somewhat surprising result is ascribed to the corrugation of the Ti-Nb planes in (Ti(0.5),Nb(0.5))(2)AlC. When Ti replaced V in V(2)AlC the drop in modulus was 8%.
Frontispiz: Triazine‐Based Graphitic Carbon Nitride: a Two‐Dimensional Semiconductor (2014)

Graphitisches Kohlenstoffnitrid A. I. Cooper, M. J. Bojdys et al. beschreiben in der Zuschrift auf S. 7580 ff. kristalline dünne Filme aus Triazin-basiertem graphitischem Kohlenstoffnitrid, das in seiner Struktur dem Graphit ähnelt, aber ein Halbleiter ist. Die Filme haben eine direkte Bandlücke zwischen 1.6 und 2.0 eV.
P3‐054: ASSESSING THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY PROFILE OF CLASS C CPG ODN IN A NONHUMAN PRIMATE MODEL OF SPORADIC CAA (2019)

Immunotherapy has emerged as an attractive approach for disease intervention in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Immunotherapeutic approaches currently under development are hampered by complications related to ineffectual clearance of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and the lack of animal models, particularly models of idiopathic CAA. Our initial study using a non-human primate (NHP) model of sporadic CAA, squirrel monkey (SQM), indicates that stimulation of innate immunity with TLR9 agonist, class B CpG ODN, is effective in reducing CAA without toxicity. Here, we propose the use of class C CpG ODN, which has shown favorable safety profiles in humans and is currently being tested in clinical trials for a variety of indications. The present study is first to evaluate the ability of class C CpG ODN to trigger a targeted immune response in an aged population whose immune system might be compromised. Elderly female SQMs received either class C CpG ODN (2 dose cohorts) or vehicle (saline) to determine the optimal immune stimulation/safety ratio. Peripheral cytokine/chemokine responses were evaluated in plasma collected at selected times post-injection. Changes in mRNA expression levels were assessed in PBMCs isolated from SQMs prior to injection and at 10 and 24 hours post-injection using the Nanostring nCounter System. Subacute administration of CpG ODN in aged SQMs with expected CAA deposits was effective in inducing an immunostimulatory response (elevated cytokine/chemokine levels) in the absence of toxicity. Our preliminary Nanostring analysis demonstrated significant upregulation of IFN-inducible genes including ISG-54K/IFIT2, CCL2/MCP1, CXCL10/IP10, Mx2/MxB, and GBP1, and cytokine gene TNF, 24 hours following CpG ODN administration relative to baseline in both dose cohorts, with stronger responses in the high dose group. Further stimulatory patterns of CpG ODN are being assessed by phenotypic characterization (flow cytometry) of particular cell types in PBMCs. In addition, MRI monitoring for ARIA throughout our treatment period will add complexity to evaluation of CpG ODN efficacy and safety. Overall, the present study provides essential information prior to any clinical use of class C CpG ODN in AD. The use of this advantageous model is important to reach efficient translation for human benefit.
A Paclitaxel-Hyaluronan Bioconjugate Targeting Ovarian Cancer Affords a Potent In vivo Therapeutic Activity (2008)

ONCOFID-P significantly improved results obtained with conventional paclitaxel, in terms of in vivo tolerability and therapeutic efficacy; these data strongly support its development for locoregional treatment of ovarian cancer.
Metrics For Monitoring A Social-Political Blogosphere: A Malaysian Case Study (2010)

The authors' automated framework evaluates blog posts in a social-political blogosphere and, by aggregation, entire blogs according to their relevance, specificity, timeliness, and credibility. These metrics are superior to current methods in information retrieval for blogs because they better reflect the distinctive hyperlink structure of a social-political blogosphere than do other methods. The authors chose the Malaysian social-political blogosphere as a case study because of the role Malaysian bloggers played leading up to that country's 2008 general election, and afterward.
Assessment of Barium Sulfate Scaling in Conventional Gas Well Production using Real-Time Monitoring (2012)

Abstract Scaling has been a major concern in a conventional gas condensate well production facility in northwest Louisiana. Severe barium sulfate deposits have been noted throughout the facility causing operational issues resulting in increased lifting costs. The production is primarily from two formations, the Cotton Valley and Hosston. The Hosston has relatively high sulfate while the Cotton Valley has relatively high barium. Combining these waters creates a barium sulfate scaling environment similar to worst case North Sea or Gulf of Mexico examples. The applications of a bench-top scale deposition monitor as well as a real-time monitor are described. The use of both techniques is illustrated by presenting results of field testing performed at location to get a better understanding of the severity of the scaling problem as well as the treatment rate of scale inhibitor necessary to control scaling. The rate of scaling was determined for the Hosston and Cotton Valley waters, independent of each other and also as mixtures of the two, using the bench-top monitoring technique. The rate of scaling of the combination of the waters was an order of magnitude greater than either of the waters by themselves. The inhibitor dosage required to inhibit scale was also determined and reported for each water condition. Real-time monitoring was conducted in the facility at a point just prior to water disposal. The results obtained to date agreed with the bench-top monitor results. Inhibitor treatment is currently being adjusted based on real-time monitoring to optimize field treatment and further validate the bench-top method.