gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Learning Living Network With Open ROADMs (2017)

We propose a “living network” as a key enabler for open reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer (ROADM) networks that, unlike today's use of static planning tools, adapts to varying network conditions, and allows network operation close to actual performance. We experimentally demonstrate the living network in various network conditions that autonomously keeps record of its path-level performance. The more services are added, the more accurate the performance of a newly to be established service is estimated through a learning process, which shows the feasibility of living network with an allocated margin of only 1.2 dB.
P1846Morphology-based identification of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells by automated deep learning (2018)

Background: Generated by sphingosine kinases (SphKs) from sphingosine, the immunomodulatory lipid mediator sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) interlinks inflammation and coagulation as upon activation, platelets generate and release bulk amounts of S1P.Subsequently, S1P may attract immune cells to sites of arteriosclerotic lesions.Furthermore, S1P regulates the expression of proteaseactivated receptors (PARs) via the activation of G-protein-coupled S1P receptors (S1PR1-5) in order to enhance cellular responses to thrombin.Besides, both thrombin and the activated factor X (FXa) induce the expression of SphK1 and thereby increase the biosynthesis of S1P.Purpose: This study investigates the effects of S1P on initiation and regulation of the coagulation cascade focussing on expression levels of tissue factor (TF) and the prothrombotic plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1).Since hyperlipidemia and obesity are typical risk factors for thrombotic events, differentiated adipocytes were used as cellular in vitro model.Methods: Murine 3T3-L1 fibroblasts were differentiated with MDI (methylis-butylxanthine, dexamethasone, insulin) induction medium.Expression of adiponectin, PAR1-4, S1PR1-5, TF and PAI-1 was determined by RT-PCR; TF and PAI-1 protein quantified by ELISA and Western blotting.Results: MDI-induced differentiation resulted in characteristic phenotypical changes and a 600-fold increase in adiponectin expression.Expression of the PARs and S1PRs was reduced in differentiated adipocytes which fitted with cellular senescence.Incubation of adipocytes with S1P (0.3 to 10 μM) resulted in a significant upregulation of the PAI-1 mRNA as well as protein expression and secretion to the culture medium implying enhanced prothrombotic signaling.This was attenuated by pharmacological inhibition of S1PR2 and -3, but not of S1PR1.In comparison, TF mRNA was downregulated by S1P whereas protein levels were markedly increased.Moreover, FXa (1 to 100 nM) induced expression of both TF and PAI-1 protein in adipocytes.Conclusion: S1P regulates the expression of TF and PAI-1 in adipocytes in vitro.High S1P concentrations possibly induce prothrombotic cascades so that modulation of the S1P/S1PR axis may be a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent thrombosis in individuals at risk such as in obesity or metabolic syndrome.
Rapid Fabrication of Mesoporous Titania Films with Controlled Macroporosity to Improve Photocatalytic Property (2009)

Hierarchically porous titania films were fabricated by dual templating using a triblock copolymer such as Pluronic F127 and polystyrene (PS) beads, affording mesoporous films with controlled macroporosity. The presence of the triblock copolymer in the precursor solutions suppressed a regular accumulation of spherical PS beads, and PS-derived macropores could be dispersed over the whole mesoporous titania film through rapid fabrication by spin-coating. Some of the macropores were clustered, but the presence of the large spaces was important for keeping the mesostructure after calcination. Photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) was investigated by using the photoactive anatase films. The photodegradation of MB over the porous anatase films was accelerated by effective diffusion of MB molecules in the PS-derived macropores, but it was important for improving photocatalytic performance to regulate the balance between the effectiveness of the diffusion in the macropores and the decrease of the surface area from the embedded macropores, as well as the reduction in the transparency of the porous films.
HIV-1 Vaccine-elicited Antibodies Reverted to Their Inferred Naive Germline Reveal Associations between Binding Affinity and in vivo Activation (2016)

The elicitation of HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies following envelope glycoprotein (Env) vaccination is exceedingly difficult. Suboptimal engagement of naïve B cells is suggested to limit these low frequency events, especially at the conserved CD4bs. Here, we analyzed CD4bs-directed monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) elicited by YU2 gp140-foldon trimers in a non-human primate by selective sorting using CD4bs "knock out" trimers. Following two inoculations, the CD4bs-directed mAbs efficiently recognized the eliciting immunogen in their affinity-maturing state but did not recognize CD4bs-defective probes. We reverted these mAbs to their most likely inferred germline (igL) state, leaving the HCDR3 unaltered, to establish correlates of in vitro affinity to in vivo activation. Most igL-reverted mAbs bound the eliciting gp140 immunogen, indicating that CD4bs-directed B cells possessing reasonable affinity existed in the naïve repertoire. We detected relatively high affinities for the majority of the igL mAbs to gp120 and of Fabs to gp140, which, as expected, increased when the antibodies 'matured' following vaccination. Affinity increases were associated with slower off-rates as well as with acquisition of neutralizing capacity. These data reveal in vitro binding properties associated with in vivo activation that result in functional archiving of antigen-specific B cells elicited by a complex glycoprotein antigen following immunization.
Capacitance-voltage characteristics of SrTiO3/LaVO3 epitaxial heterostructures (2010)

We report a quantitative analysis on the capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics of metal-insulator-semiconductor capacitors based on SrTiO3/LaVO3 epitaxial heterostructures grown by pulsed laser deposition. The C-V measurement of the heterostructure exhibited a decrease in capacitance by ∼20% at positive voltages with an estimated carrier concentration of 8×1018 cm−3. The C-V curve by a simulation was in good agreement with the measurement, confirming the formation of a depletion layer and the estimated carrier concentration. These results suggest that quantitative understanding on the electrical behavior of oxide heterostructures is possible with C-V measurements, with potentially important implications on their device applications.
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Study of Single Domain β-SiC(100) Surfaces: Growth and Morphology (1998)

We investigate single domain β-SiC(100) thin film surfaces epitaxially grown on a vicinal (4°) Si(100) surface by atom-resolved (filled and empty states) scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Contrary to previous beliefs, we observe high quality surfaces having a low density of defects. The β-SiC(100)-(3×2) surface, which is a Si-rich surface, is achieved by sequences of Si deposition and surface annealings. This results in the growth and coalescence of large Si islands and/or vacancies islands having the 3×2 array. Our results indicate the formation of asymmetric Si-Si dimers all tilted in the same direction and forming rows in a 3×2 arrangement at a 1/3 Si mon/layer coverage.
It's just a coronary milking-like effect … or maybe not: posterolateral artery compression caused by a ventricle pseudoaneurysm (2014)

A 57-year-old man was referred to our catheterization laboratory due to angina complaints on exertion and an inconclusive treadmill stress test. He had a history of stent implantations in the right coronary artery (RCA) and left anterior descending (LAD) artery 2 years before. Current coronary angiography (see Supplementary data online, Video S1 ) showed neither de novo coronary stenosis nor stent restenosis. Instead, a large posterolateral branch …
Gas-Phase Behavior of Galactofuranosides upon Collisional Fragmentation: A Multistage High-Resolution Ion Mobility Study (2023)

Carbohydrates are ubiquitous in nature but are among the least conserved biomolecules in life. These biopolymers pose a particular challenge to analytical chemists because of their high diversity and structural heterogeneity. In addition, they contain many isomerisms that complicate their structural characterization, notably by mass spectrometry. The tautomerism of the constitutive subunits is of particular interest. A given cyclized monosaccharide unit can take two forms: a most common 6-membered ring (pyranose, <i>p</i>) and a more flexible 5-membered ring (furanose, <i>f</i>). The tautomers impact the biological properties of polysaccharides, resulting in interesting properties of the derived oligosaccharides. From an analytical point of view, the impact of tautomerism on the gas-phase behavior of ions has scarcely been described in the literature. In this work, we study the behavior of Gal<i>f</i>-containing oligosaccharides, ionized as [M+Li]<sup>+</sup> species, under collisional dissociation (CID) conditions using high-resolution and multistage ion mobility (IMS) on a Cyclic IMS platform. In the first part of this work, we studied whether disaccharidic fragments released from Gal<i>f</i>-containing (Gal)<sub>1</sub>(Man)<sub>2</sub> trisaccharides (and their Gal<i>p</i> counterpart) would match the corresponding disaccharide standards, and─despite the fragments generally being a good match─we showed the possibility of Gal<i>f</i> migrations and other unidentified alterations in the IMS profile. Next, we expanded on these unknown features using multistage IMS and molecular dynamics, unveiling the contributions of additional gas-phase conformers in the profile of fragments from a Gal<i>f</i>-containing trisaccharide compared with the corresponding disaccharides.
Defect-Induced Atomic Migration in Carbon Nanopeapod:  Tracking the Single-Atom Dynamic Behavior (2004)

We demonstrate here the single-atom migration of Tb, Gd, or Ce metal from cage to cage through an intentionally induced atomic path within a carbon nanopeapod. The atomic path is actually an atomic defect (vacancy) induced at the fullerene cage during TEM observation. It is therefore proved that the atomic cage can be punctured by electron irradiation so that the imprisoned metal atoms can break out. The results definitively indicate the possibilities for an alternative method to transfer single atoms without using SPM tips but by using an “atomic carry-bag” such as fullerene.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of (Z)‐3,4‐Didehydronorvaline, (E)‐ and (Z)‐3,4‐Didehydroornithine and (E)‐ and (Z)‐3,4‐Didehydro‐2,6‐diaminopimelic Acid. (1990)

Abstract The synthesis of the title compounds (IV), (VII) and (X) starts from the readily available (Z)‐malonate (IIIa) which is then elaborated as shown in the scheme.
Marketing involvement in product platform creation: The role of personal and structural coordination mechanisms (2021)

Integrating market knowledge in the architecture of product platforms can be a challenge for firms. In this study, we draw on knowledge‐based theory to propose the importance of bilateral knowledge: a marketer's knowledge of product platforms and a platform architect's knowledge of the market opportunity for securing marketing involvement and platform success. Along with these two personal coordination mechanisms, we examine the impact of a marketing department's level of product platform knowledge as a structural coordination mechanism and account for its moderating effects on these personal mechanisms. To test our model, we conducted a survey at a multinational electronics company, with the architects of product platforms as key informants. Our results show that an architect's knowledge of market opportunities for the product platform fuels marketing's involvement and improves financial performance, as does the marketer's knowledge of product platforms, although this is entirely mediated by marketing's involvement. A marketing department's product platform knowledge has a strong, direct and moderating impact; it acts as a substitute for the individual marketer's personal knowledge, yet enhances the impact of the architect's knowledge of the market opportunity. Therefore, innovation managers are advised to foster their marketing department's understanding of product platforms.
Fatal Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Associated with Persistent Epstein-Barr Virus in Four Brothers (1988)

Three brothers from one family died of Hodgkin disease and a fourth brother from a diffuse malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma. This patient exhibited a constant deficiency of serum immunoglobulins and elevated antibody titers to Epstein-Barr viral antigens. Epstein-Barr virus DNA sequences were detected in DNA isolated from lymph node biopsies from two of the patients. Initially, no abnormalities in the numbers of B and T cells could be detected. Peripheral blood lymphocytes of the patients did not react in the mixed lymphocyte culture assay. We suggest that an immune deficiency to Epstein-Barr virus may favor the proliferation of malignant lymphocytes after Epstein-Barr viral infection. Monoclonal lymphoid B cell lines established spontaneously in vitro from a lymph node biopsy specimen and from peripheral blood specimens from two of the patients. The cells harbor Epstein-Barr viral DNA sequences in multiple genome equivalents and express Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen. The cells contain a tenfold increased level of c-fgr-related RNA transcripts compared with peripheral blood lymphocytes of healthy adults. No obvious amplifications or translocations of the c-myc, c-abl, or c-fgr gene could be detected.
Structural Instability and Fibrillar Aggregation of Non-expanded Human Ataxin-3 Revealed under High Pressure and Temperature (2003)

Protein misfolding and formation of structured aggregates are considered to be the earliest events in the development of neurodegenerative diseases, but the mechanism of these biological phenomena remains to be elucidated. Here, we report a study of heat- and pressure-induced unfolding of human Q26 and murine Q6 ataxin-3 using spectroscopic methods. UV absorbance and fluorescence revealed that heat and pressure induced a structural transition of both proteins to a molten globule conformation. The unfolding pathway was partly irreversible and led to a protein conformation where tryptophans were more exposed to water. Furthermore, the use of fluorescent probes (8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate and thioflavin T) allowed the identification of different intermediates during the process of pressure-induced unfolding. At high temperature and pressure, human Q26, but not murine Q6, underwent concentration-dependent aggregation. Fourier transform infrared and circular dichroism spectroscopy revealed that these aggregates are characterized by an increased beta-sheet content. As revealed by electron microscopy, heat- and pressure-induced aggregates were different; high temperature treatment led to fibrillar microaggregates (8-10-nm length), whereas high pressure induced oligomeric structures of globular shape (100 nm in diameter), which sometimes aligned to higher order suprastructures. Several intermediate structures were detected in this process. Two factors appear to govern ataxin unfolding and aggregation, the length of the polyglutamine tract and its protein context.
Proton Solubility in Undoped and Fe-doped SrTiO3: Temperature Dependence and Formation of Defect Associates (1987)

The temperature dependence of the solubility of proton defects in SrTiO 3 single crystals was investigated by IR spectroscopy. Based on the integrated absorption of the OH stretching vibration bands, the enthalpies of the dissolution reaction were determined for undoped and Fe-doped SrTiO 3 . In contrast to undoped SrTiO 3 , which shows only one unique OH absorption frequency, characteristic sidebands were observed for Fe-doped crystals. These sidebands were attributed to the formation of associates between donor-type proton defects and Fe-acceptors in the perovskite lattice. From the temperature dependence of the sideband absorptions, an association enthalpy was estimated. The proton solubility and the sidebands were not affected by changing the oxygen partial pressure between approx. 10 -15 and 10 5 Pa.
Proline as Chiral Auxiliary for the Economical Asymmetric Synthesis of Ruthenium(II) Polypyridyl Complexes (2012)

A straightforward method for the synthesis of virtually enantiomerically pure ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes [Ru(pp)(pp')(pp")](PF(6))(2), pp = bidentate polypyridyl has been developed. The synthesis draws from the readily available racemic starting material cis-[Ru(pp)(pp')Cl(2)] and the natural amino acids l- or d-proline and relies on a dynamic asymmetric transformation under thermodynamic control.
Des résistances à la transparence ? (2021)

Au début des années 2010, la France et l’Allemagne sont confrontées à deux scandales politiques concernant les activités financières privées d’élus de premier plan : Jérôme Cahuzac, alors ministre délégué au Budget et Peer Steinbrück, candidat SPD à la chancellerie. Dans les deux cas, ces affaires vont faire évoluer la législation en matière de transparence politique. Cet article cherche à mieux comprendre, grâce à la comparaison, les conditions de mise en discussion des usages (illégaux dans un cas et légaux dans l’autre) de l’argent par les élus, au sein du Bundestag et de l’Assemblée nationale. Nous nous concentrons sur la question des rapports à l’argent par les élites politiques dans les deux pays, aux conditions de mise à l’agenda de ce thème, et aux modalités du débat public en nous concentrant sur les oppositions aux dispositifs votés dans les deux assemblées. L’étude montre qu’en dépit d’un problème public similaire, les débats ne se déroulent pas de la même manière, du fait de majorités politiques différentes. De plus, les tenants d’une transparence limitée se trouvent au sein des partis comptant le plus d’élus poursuivant une activité parallèle à leur mandat, c’est-à-dire à droite (CDU/CSU, FDP, Les Républicains), qui mobilisent différents registres argumentatifs pour limiter la portée des textes votés.
Measurement of the azimuthal anisotropy for charged particle production insNN=2.76TeV lead-lead collisions with the ATLAS detector (2012)

Differential measurements of charged particle azimuthal anisotropy are presented for lead-lead collisions at s NN = 2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, based on an integrated luminosity of approximately 8 b -1 . This anisotropy is characterized via a Fourier expansion of the distribution of charged particles in azimuthal angle relative to the reaction plane, with the coefficients v n denoting the magnitude of the anisotropy. Significant v 2 -v 6 values are obtained as a function of transverse momentum (0.5 < p T < 20 GeV), pseudorapidity (|| < 2.5), and centrality using an event plane method. The v n values for n 3 are found to vary weakly with both and centrality, and their p T dependencies are found to follow an approximate scaling relation,
Effective Strategy for the Preparation of Indolocarbazole Aglycons and Glycosides: Total Synthesis of Tjipanazoles B, D, E, and I. (2004)

An effective strategy has been developed for the rapid and efficient preparation of &lt;i&gt;ortho&lt;/i&gt;-nitrostyrenes, which can be converted to unsymmetrical\n2,2‘-biindoles. A unique condensation of these 2,2‘-biindoles with (dimethylamino)-acetaldehyde diethyl acetal affords the indolocarbazole ring\nsystem of the tjipanazole aglycon alkaloids in three synthetic steps and good to excellent overall yield. The first total synthesis of the tjipanazole\nglycoside alkaloids B and E is also discussed.
Perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction with enhanced anisotropy obtained by utilizing an Ir/Co interface (2015)

Abstract A highly scalable perpendicularly magnetized storage layer of a spin-torque-switching magnetic random-access memory (STT-MRAM) was developed. This storage layer attains a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) of above 0.9 erg/cm 2 at a thickness of 2 nm. Such high PMA is suitable for pushing STT-MRAM technology beyond the 20 nm node. The key was to realize dual interfacial PMA at both the Ir/Co and FeB/MgO interfaces in the united structure of the storage layer. While a high PMA was retained, a high magnetoresistance ratio (100%) and a low resistance–area product (3.0 Ω µm 2 ) were also achieved.
Alternate function of Foxp3 in human CD4+ T cells (179.2) (2012)

Abstract Foxp3 is the master regulator of T-reg phenotype and function. Unlike murine T cells, human T cells express two versions of Foxp3 of which the smaller form is missing exon 2 (Δ2). Previously we showed that Foxp3Δ2 fails to up-regulate the Pim 2 kinase and others have reported that members of the ROR family bind to exon 2 of Foxp3. Nonetheless, it is not clear if these isoforms differentially affect regulatory and nonregulatory T cell function. This study demonstrate that transduction of Foxp3 and Foxp3Δ2 into primary human CD4+CD45RA+CD25- naïve T cells induced suppressive activity that was identical to natural T-regs. However, in CD4+CD45RA-CD25- memory T cells, the full-length Foxp3 construct was unable to introduce a suppressive phenotype, whereas Foxp3Δ2 retained its ability to promote suppressive activity. Furthermore, memory cells transduced with Foxp3 abrogated the suppressive functions of naïve cells transduced with Foxp3 but not with Foxp3Δ2.Cytokine profiling indicated a 3 fold increase in the IL-2+IFN-γ+ cells within the memory cells transduced with Foxp3. Altogether these observations reveal an isoform dependent alternate function of Foxp3 in the CD4+ memory T cell compartment. These studies support the use of naïve T cells for strategies that transduce effector T cells with Foxp3 expressing vectors as a means to rapidly generate T-regs for use in adoptive T cell therapy against autoimmune diseases.
Authentication of dietary supplements through Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance (NQR) spectroscopy (2018)

Summary As the industry grows, adulteration of many products by mislabelling, re‐branding and false advertising is becoming prevalent practice. Existing solutions for analysis often require extensive sample preparation or are limited in terms of detecting different types of integrity issues. We describe a novel authentication method based on Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance ( NQR ) spectroscopy which is quantitative, non‐invasive and non‐destructive. It is sensitive to small deviation in the solid‐state chemical structure of a product, which changes the NQR signal properties. These characteristics are unique for different manufacturers, resulting in manufacturer‐specific watermarks. We show that nominally identical dietary supplements from different manufacturers can be accurately classified based on features from NQR spectra. Specifically, we use a machine learning‐based classification called support vector machines ( SVM s) to verify the authenticity of products under test. This approach has been evaluated on three products using semi‐custom hardware and shows promising results, with typical classification accuracy of over 95%.