gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Application of Crossflow Transition Criteria to Local Correlation-Based Transition Model (2009)

Transition criteria for crossflow instability are investigated in order to apply the γ-Reθ transition model to boundary layer flows with strong three-dimensionality. The criteria are evaluated by comparing their predictions with experimental results for the flowfields around a cylinder at various yaw angles, and the flowfields around a swept wing. It is found that the crossflow criterion proposed by Kohama et al. is a promising one because it can be evaluated by using only local flow variables. Transition prediction of a yawed cylinder has been performed by the γ-Reθ transition model with the proposed crossflow criterion. The production of eddy viscosity due to the present criteria was confirmed. A modification of the criterion was suggested to treat its dependency on flow conditions.
SYNTHETIC JETS FOR ELECTRONICS COOLING APPLICATIONS (2012)

Paper presented at the 9th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Malta, 16-18 July, 2012.
Search for the Standard Model Higgs boson decaying into b b ¯ $$ b\overline{b} $$ produced in association with top quarks decaying hadronically in pp collisions at s = 8 $$ \sqrt{s}=8 $$ TeV with the ATLAS detector (2016)

A search for Higgs boson production in association with a pair of top quarks (t tH) is performed, where the Higgs boson decays to b b, and both top quarks decay hadronically. The data used correspond to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb -1 of pp collisions at s = 8 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The search selects events with at least six energetic jets and uses a boosted decision tree algorithm to discriminate between signal and Standard Model background. The dominant multijet background is estimated using a dedicated data-driven technique. For a Higgs boson mass of 125 GeV, an upper limit of 6.4 (5.4) times the Standard Model cross section is observed (expected) at 95% confidence level. The best-fit value for the signal strength is = 1.6 2.6 times the Standard Model expectation for m H = 125 GeV. Combining all t tH searches carried out by ATLAS at s = 8 and 7 TeV, an observed (expected) upper limit of 3.1 (1.4) times the Standard Model expectation is obtained at 95% confidence level, with a signal strength = 1.7 0.8.
The fractionation of lithium and magnesium-ions on crown ether-grafted cellulose acetate polyelectrolyte membranes: Insights from molecular dynamics simulations (2023)

Considerable amounts of lithium and magnesium are present in the sea. When properly harnessed, they could complement the existing extraction technologies and serve as a sustainable source for meeting up the rapidly growing demands. In this study, classical molecular dynamics simulation was employed to formulate new polyelectrolyte membranes comprising of cellulose acetate (CA) grafted with crown ethers for the segregation and recovery of Li+ and Mg2+ ions. Highly compact polymeric membranes stabilized by both intra- and inter-molecular hydrogen bonds were successfully formulated. Lithium ions exhibit superior diffusion on the 12-crown-4 grafted CA membrane, while the 15-crown-5 and 18-crown-6 grafted systems demonstrated stronger attraction for Mg2+ ions raising the diffusion energy barrier. The analysis of the interference of co-existing counterions revealed that the electronegative oxygen atoms on the macrocyclic rings on 12-crown-4 grafted CA consistently shielded the interfering ions resulting in the rapid diffusion of lithium. The larger crown ethers in contrast exerted minimal attraction on the divalent Ca2+ ions, enabling the diffusion of Mg2+ ions. This study demonstrates the inherent potential of the crown ether-grafted polymeric membranes in the recovery of lithium and magnesium from seawater, a prospect that could be further explored in the stride toward effective brine mining.
Modeling and control of an Internal Bubble Cooling system (2012)

In this paper, the modeling and the control design problems for a Internal Bubble Cooling (IBC) system are considered. A dynamic model has been developed using a physical approach and validated with experimental measurement. The model has been used to design the closed-loop control architecture to regulated the bubble diameter. The controller has been tuned by simulation and its effectiveness has been verified with experimental tests.
Table S2 from The Pathognomonic FOXL2 C134W Mutation Alters DNA-Binding Specificity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;List of protein-coding (pc) and non_coding (nc) genes differentially expressed (UP or DOWN) following induction of WT and MUT FOXL2 in polyA and ribodepleted RNA-seq datasets.&lt;/p&gt;
Direct-conversion transmitter with resistance to local oscillator pulling in non-constant envelope modulation systems (2011)

This paper studies the local oscillator (LO) pulling problems associated with a direct-conversion transmitter (DCT) that uses non-constant envelope modulation schemes. The relevant theory provides a time-domain LO model with a modulated outer self-injection to predict the phase fluctuation of an LO that is pulled by the transmitter's modulated output signal. Based on a theoretical analysis, the proposed model can be used to evaluate the degraded quality of the transmission signal in terms of error vector magnitude (EVM) and adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR). To mitigate the effects of LO pulling, a novel approach for reducing the AM-FM and PM-FM distortions by a combination of second-point VCO modulation and inner self-injection is proposed. The improved performance is verified by implementing a Quadrature-Phase-Shift-Keying (QPSK) transmitter for cdma 2000 1× applications. The theoretical and experimental results agree closely with each other.
Effect of Initial Curvature on the Static and Dynamic Behavior of MEMS Resonators (2017)

In this paper, we investigate experimentally and analytically the effect of the initial shape, arc and cosine wave, on the static and dynamic behavior of microelectromechanical (MEMS) resonators. We show that by carefully choosing the geometrical parameters and the shape of curvature, the veering phenomenon (avoided-crossing) between the first two symmetric modes can be activated. To demonstrate this concept, we study electrothermally tuned and electrostatically driven MEMS initially curved resonators. Applying electrothermal voltage heats up the beams and then increases their curvature (stiffness) and controls their resonance frequencies. While changing the electrothermal voltage, we demonstrate high frequency tunability of arc resonators compared to the cosine-configuration resonators for the first and third resonance frequencies. For arc beams, we show that the first resonance frequency increases up to twice its fundamental value and the third resonance frequency decreases until getting very close to the first resonance frequency triggering the veering phenomenon. Around the veering regime, we study experimentally and analytically, using a reduced order model based on a nonlinear Euler-Bernoulli shallow arch beam model, the dynamic behavior of the arc beam for different electrostatic forcing.
Remote Didactic Laboratory "G. Savastano": the Italian Experience for the E-learning at the Technical Universities in the Field of the Electrical and Electronic Measurements, Overview on Didactic Experiments (2006)

The Remote Didactic Laboratory Laboratorio Didattico Remoto - LA.DI.RE. "G. Savastano" is the e-learning measurement laboratory supported by the Italian Ministry of Education and University. It involves about twenty Italian universities and provides the students of electric and electronic measurement courses with the access to remote measurement laboratories delivering different didactic activities related to measurement experiments. In order to demonstrate the versatility for didactic use, the overview of same experiments is given. The didactic experiments summarized in the paper concern with: measurement characterization of instruments and communication systems, measurement devices for remote laboratory, basic electrical measurements, magnetic measurements, electromagnetic interferences measurements, and signal processing for measurement applications
Robust Data-Driven Machine-Learning Models for Subsurface Applications: Are We There Yet? (2021)

Algorithms are taking over the world, or so we are led to believe, given their growing pervasiveness in multiple fields of human endeavor such as consumer marketing, finance, design and manufacturing, health care, politics, sports, etc. The focus of this article is to examine where things stand in regard to the application of these techniques for managing subsurface energy resources in domains such as conventional and unconventional oil and gas, geologic carbon sequestration, and geothermal energy. It is useful to start with some definitions to establish a common vocabulary. Data analytics (DA)—Sophisticated data collection and analysis to understand and model hidden patterns and relationships in complex, multivariate data sets Machine learning (ML)—Building a model between predictors and response, where an algorithm (often a black box) is used to infer the underlying input/output relationship from the data Artificial intelligence (AI)—Applying a predictive model with new data to make decisions without human intervention (and with the possibility of feedback for model updating) Thus, DA can be thought of as a broad framework that helps determine what happened (descriptive analytics), why it happened (diagnostic analytics), what will happen (predictive analytics), or how can we make something happen (prescriptive analytics) (Sankaran et al. 2019). Although DA is built upon a foundation of classical statistics and optimization, it has increasingly come to rely upon ML, especially for predictive and prescriptive analytics (Donoho 2017). While the terms DA, ML, and AI are often used interchangeably, it is important to recognize that ML is basically a subset of DA and a core enabling element of the broader application for the decision-making construct that is AI. In recent years, there has been a proliferation in studies using ML for predictive analytics in the context of subsurface energy resources. Consider how the number of papers on ML in the OnePetro database has been increasing exponentially since 1990 (Fig. 1). These trends are also reflected in the number of technical sessions devoted to ML/AI topics in conferences organized by SPE, AAPG, and SEG among others; as wells as books targeted to practitioners in these professions (Holdaway 2014; Mishra and Datta-Gupta 2017; Mohaghegh 2017; Misra et al. 2019). Given these high levels of activity, our goal is to provide some observations and recommendations on the practice of data-driven model building using ML techniques. The observations are motivated by our belief that some geoscientists and petroleum engineers may be jumping the gun by applying these techniques in an ad hoc manner without any foundational understanding, whereas others may be holding off on using these methods because they do not have any formal ML training and could benefit from some concrete advice on the subject. The recommendations are conditioned by our experience in applying both conventional statistical modeling and data analytics approaches to practical problems.
Macrophages express membrane bound form of APRIL that can generate immunomodulatory signals (2010)

Members of the tumour necrosis factor superfamily play an essential role in inducing various biological responses including proliferation, differentiation, survival and cell death. A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL), first identified as a stimulant of tumour proliferation, is now known as a regulator of B-cell-mediated immune responses through the modulation of B-cell survival and activation. However, the role of APRIL in macrophage function has not been explored. High level expression of APRIL was detected on the surface of cells of the monocytic lineage including the human macrophage-like cell line, THP-1. To identify the role of APRIL in macrophage functions, THP-1 cells were stimulated with either its counterpart (TACI : Fc fusion protein) or a monoclonal antibody that is specific to APRIL. Stimulation of APRIL resulted in the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-8 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 through the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-κB. In contrast, stimulation of APRIL had an inhibitory effect on processes that require cytoskeletal movement such as phagocytosis of opsonized zymosan and chemotaxis through an inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity. These observations demonstrate that macrophages express a membrane-bound form of APRIL which, upon stimulation, modulates the activities of macrophages through stimulation or inhibition of processes associated with inflammation.
Emergent Transcriptomic Technologies and Their Role in the Discovery of Biomarkers of Liver Transplant Tolerance (2015)

Liver transplantation offers a unique window into transplant immunology due, in part, to the considerable proportion of recipients who develop immunological tolerance to their allograft. Biomarkers are able to identify and predict such a state of tolerance, and thereby able to establish suitable candidates for the minimization of hazardous immunosuppressive therapies, are not only of great potential clinical benefit but might also shed light on the immunological mechanisms underlying tolerance and rejection. Here, we review the emergent transcriptomic technologies serving as drivers of biomarker discovery, we appraise efforts to identify a molecular signature of liver allograft tolerance, and we consider the implications of this work on the mechanistic understanding of immunological tolerance.
Polysaccharides Grafted with Polyesters: Novel Amphiphilic Copolymers for Biomedical Applications (2002)

New amphiphilic polysaccharides with controlled structure were synthesized by coupling between a carboxylic function present on preformed polyester chains and a hydroxyl group naturally present on polysaccharides. First, the synthesis of poly(ε-caprolactone) monocarboxylic acid (R−PCL−CO2H) was carried out by ring-opening uncatalyzed polymerization of monomer in the presence of a carboxylic acid (R−CO2H). R−PCL−CO2H was then reacted with carbonyl diimidazole, and the resulting activated intermediate (imidazolide) was further reacted with dextran (Dex) at different molar ratios to obtain amphiphilic copolymers with various hydrophilic−lipophilic balance. The coupling reaction was followed by GPC, indicating a total conversion. The copolymers were further characterized by GPC, 1H NMR, and FTIR. Nanoparticles of less than 200 nm, with potential interest for controlled release of bioactive compounds, were successfully prepared by using these new materials.
Facilitating Adoption of Services with Positive Externalities via Subsidies (2014)

The paper investigates adoption of network services whose value incorporates three key features, namely, heterogeneity in user service afinity, a positive externality, and a cost. Positive externalities often result in a \chicken and egg" problem where early adopters can see a cost that exceeds the service's (low) initial value. In this paper we study sub- sidies as a means to \reach the knee" and push adoption higher (from zero to one). We focus on the simplest of sub-sidies, namely, a fixed subsidy over a given period of time, and are able to obtain expressions for quantities of natural interest, e.g., the minimum subsidy required, the minimum subsidy duration, and the total subsidy cost. Interestingly, the expressions reveal conditions under which the optimal subsidy is neither the lowest nor applied for the shortest duration. The findings help develop guidelines for effective subsidies to promote the adoption of network services.
Decreased levels of S-adenosylmethionine in the livers of rats fed phenobarbital and DDT (1982)

Chronic feeding of the liver tumour promoters phenobarbital (PB) and 1,1-bis(rho-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane (DDT) to male weanling rats at levels of 0.05% in the diet for 1, 3 and 5 weeks reduced the hepatic S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) contents by approximately 50%. Such reductions were inhibited by the simultaneous feeding of choline chloride and were completely prevented by the dietary administration of methionine. AdoMet levels greater than 100 mug/g liver were noted in rats receiving PB + methionine for 1 week, DDT + methionine for 1 week or methionine alone for 5 weeks. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the liver tumour promoting activities of PB and DDT may occur in part through a hepatic methyl insufficiency.
Packet Coded Mobile Satellite Broadcast Systems : Error Rate Computations and Quality of Service Based Design (2004)

The trial was retrospectively registered on 11/10/2019; ISCRTN ID: ISRCTN17250048.
A reappraisal of generic bisphosphonates in osteoporosis (2011)

The impact of generic bisphosphonates requires formal testing to re-evaluate their role in the management of osteoporosis.
GLP-1/Glucagon Coagonism Restores Leptin Responsiveness in Obese Mice Chronically Maintained on an Obesogenic Diet (2013)

We recently reported restoration of leptin responsiveness in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice using a pharmacologically optimized, polyethylene-glycolated (PEG)-leptin analog in combination with exendin-4 or FGF21. However, the return of leptin action required discontinuation of high-fat diet (HFD) exposure. Here we assess whether a single peptide possessing balanced coagonism at the glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucagon receptors can restore leptin responsiveness in DIO mice maintained on a HFD. DIO mice were treated with PEG-GLP-1/glucagon (30 nmol/kg every fourth day) to induce an ∼15% body weight loss, upon which they were randomized to continue PEG-GLP-1/glucagon therapy or reassigned to receive supplemental daily PEG-leptin (185 nmol/kg/day). The addition of PEG-leptin to PEG-GLP-1/glucagon resulted in an ∼18% greater weight loss as compared with PEG-GLP-1/glucagon alone and was accompanied by further decreases in food intake and improved glucose and lipid metabolism. The beneficial effect of PEG-leptin supplementation occurred after an initial body weight loss similar to what we previously reported following reduced dietary fat along with PEG-leptin and exendin-4 or FGF21 cotreatment. In summary, we report that GLP-1/glucagon coagonism restores leptin responsiveness in mice maintained on a HFD, thus emphasizing the translational value of this polypharmacotherapy for the treatment of obesity and diabetes.
LACTATE IMPROVES CARDIAC EFFICIENCY AFTER HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK (2000)

This study was undertaken to examine the role of lactate on cardiac function and metabolism after severe acute hemorrhagic shock. Anesthetized, nonheparinized rats were bled to a mean arterial pressure of 25-30 mm Hg for 1 h; controls were not bled. Their hearts were removed, and cardiac work and efficiency (work/oxygen consumption) were measured in the isolated working heart mode for 60 min. The hearts were perfused with one of five substrate combinations: 1) glucose (11 mM), 2) glucose + 0.4 mM palmitate, 3) glucose + 0.4 mM palmitate + 8.0 mM lactate, 4) glucose + 1.2 mM palmitate, or 5) glucose + 1.2 mM palmitate + 8.0 mM lactate. After perfusion, hearts were freeze-clamped, and tissue contents of free coenzyme-A (CoA), acetyl CoA, and succinyl CoA were measured, as was myocardial pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity. The addition of 8.0 mM lactate significantly improved cardiac work in shocked hearts perfused with 0.4 mM palmitate and increased cardiac efficiency in the presence of either 0.4 mM or 1.2 mM palmitate. Compared to control hearts, shocked hearts exhibited a 20-30% decrease in PDH activity. Shocked hearts perfused with lactate demonstrated no increase in acetyl CoA content but did have a significant increase in tissue succinyl CoA compared to control hearts perfused with lactate or shocked hearts perfused without lactate. In the heart recovering from severe hemorrhagic shock, lactate improves cardiac efficiency in the presence of free fatty acids, possibly by a anaplerosis of the tricarboxylic acid cycle.
The spectrum of Trp− mutants isolated as 5‐fluoroanthranilate‐resistant clones in Saccharomyces bayanus, S. mikatae and S. paradoxus (2007)

5-Fluoroanthranilic acid (FAA)-resistant mutants were selected in homothallic diploids of three Saccharomyces species, taking care to isolate mutants of independent origin. Mutations were assigned to complementation groups by interspecific complementation with S. cerevisiae tester strains. In all three species, trp3, trp4 and trp5 mutants were recovered. trp1 mutants were also recovered if the selection was imposed on a haploid strain. Thus, FAA selection may be more generally applicable than was previously described.
Modeling of Short-Channel Effect on Multi-Gate MOSFETs for Circuit Simulation (2020)

This paper presents compact modeling for the short-channel effect on the multi-gate MOSFET technology. The focus is given on the double-gate MOSFET, which provides a core of the multi-gate MOSFET. It is shown that the short-channel effect is caused by the potential minimum, which occurs at the source side. The modeling is done by considering the potential distribution along the channel through the source/drain-channel contributions explicitly. It has been verified that the model can reproduce the short-channel effect of 2D numerical simulation results with one model parameter describing the junction profile. The presented model is validated for several technologies considering channel doping, silicon and oxide thickness. Furthermore, an extension of this model is implemented considering the influence of the drain doping, namely for Low Drain doping MOSFET (LDMOS). Low drain doping effects are precisely included in the resistance effect as well as the short-channel effects, demonstrating a suppression of short-channel effects in LDMOS technology.