gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
EIT-Inspired Microfluidic Cytometer for Single-Cell Dielectric Spectroscopy (2010)

A new microfluidic cytometer for single-cell dielectric spectroscopy is proposed in this paper and analyzed in silico by means of a finite-element model. The device, inspired by electrical impedance tomography, includes two circumferential arrays of electrodes instead of just two pairs of coplanar or parallel-facing electrodes, thus allowing a great versatility in stimulation and measurement patterns. In particular, using stimulation patterns with different spatial orientation provides information on cell morphology, besides quantitative cell-volume estimation. Moreover, the performance limitation at low frequency due to electrode polarization is overcome, owing to a peculiar recording scheme: Current is injected between an electrode pair, and the resulting voltages are measured at remaining electrodes using high-input impedance differential amplifiers. These features significantly enhance the cytometer discrimination capabilities.
Urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator Receptor (CD87) Is a Ligand for Integrins and Mediates Cell-Cell Interaction (2001)

Binding of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) to its receptor (uPAR/CD87) regulates cellular adhesion, migration, and tumor cell invasion. However, it is unclear how glycosyl phosphatidylinositol-anchored uPAR, which lacks a transmembrane structure, mediates signal transduction. It has been proposed that uPAR forms cis-interactions with integrins as an associated protein and thereby transduces proliferative or migratory signals to cells upon binding of uPA. We provide evidence that soluble uPAR (suPAR) specifically binds to integrins alpha4beta1, alpha6beta1, alpha9beta1, and alphavbeta3 on Chinese hamster ovary cells in a cation-dependent manner. Anti-integrin and anti-uPAR antibodies effectively block binding of suPAR to these integrins. Binding of suPAR to alpha4beta1 and alphavbeta3 is blocked by known soluble ligands and by the integrin mutations that inhibit ligand binding. These results suggest that uPAR is an integrin ligand rather than, or in addition to, an integrin-associated protein. In addition, we demonstrate that glycosyl phosphatidylinositol-anchored uPAR on the cell surface specifically binds to integrins on the apposing cells, suggesting that uPAR-integrin interaction may mediate cell-cell interaction (trans-interaction). These previously unrecognized uPAR-integrin interactions may allow uPAR to transduce signals through the engaged integrin without a hypothetical transmembrane adapter and may provide a potential therapeutic target for control of inflammation and cancer.
Sequences From Sea Urchin TU Transposons Are Conserved among Multiple Eucaryotic Species, Including Humans (1986)

Sequences homologous to various structural domains of the Strongylocentrotus purpuratus TU family of transposons are present in sea urchin species closely related to S. purpuratus and were found in close proximity to each other in linkage patterns that differed for different species. Sequence homologs of the inverted repeat outer domain (IVR-OD) segment were, in addition, present in a sea urchin related only distantly to S. purpuratus and in all other eucaryotic organisms surveyed. In humans, a polymorphic hybridization pattern was seen for genomic DNA obtained from different individuals. Sequence comparisons revealed that repeated sequence motifs similar to those making up the 15-base-pair direct repeat unit of the IVR-OD domain of the TU elements exist in the IVRs of transposons identified in Drosophila melanogaster and maize and in the transcription control regions of certain eucaryotic viral and cellular genes. The remarkable evolutionary conservation of IVR-OD homologs may reflect a biological role for these sequences in DNA transposition, the regulation of gene expression, or both.
Predicting Falls in People with Multiple Sclerosis: Fall History Is as Accurate as More Complex Measures (2013)

Background. Many people with MS fall, but the best method for identifying those at increased fall risk is not known. Objective. To compare how accurately fall history, questionnaires, and physical tests predict future falls and injurious falls in people with MS. Methods. 52 people with MS were asked if they had fallen in the past 2 months and the past year. Subjects were also assessed with the Activities-specific Balance Confidence, Falls Efficacy Scale-International, and Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale-12 questionnaires, the Expanded Disability Status Scale, Timed 25-Foot Walk, and computerized dynamic posturography and recorded their falls daily for the following 6 months with calendars. The ability of baseline assessments to predict future falls was compared using receiver operator curves and logistic regression. Results. All tests individually provided similar fall prediction (area under the curve (AUC) 0.60-0.75). A fall in the past year was the best predictor of falls (AUC 0.75, sensitivity 0.89, specificity 0.56) or injurious falls (AUC 0.69, sensitivity 0.96, specificity 0.41) in the following 6 months. Conclusion. Simply asking people with MS if they have fallen in the past year predicts future falls and injurious falls as well as more complex, expensive, or time-consuming approaches.
A Fashi Lymphoproliferative Phenotype Reveals Non-Apoptotic Fas Signaling in HTLV-1-Associated Neuroinflammation (2017)

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-1 was the first human retrovirus to be associated to cancer, namely adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), but its pathogenesis remains enigmatic, since only a minority of infected individuals develops either ATL or the neuroinflammatory disorder HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). A functional <i>FAS</i> -670 polymorphism in an interferon (IFN)-regulated STAT1-binding site has been associated to both ATL and HAM/TSP susceptibility. Fas<sup>hi</sup> T stem cell memory (Tscm) cells have been identified as the hierarchical apex of ATL, but have not been investigated in HAM/TSP. In addition, both <i>FAS</i> and <i>STAT1</i> have been identified in an IFN-inducible HAM/TSP gene signature, but its pathobiological significance remains unclear. We comprehensively explored Fas expression (protein/mRNA) and function in lymphocyte activation, apoptosis, proliferation, and transcriptome, in PBMC from a total of 47 HAM/TSP patients, 40 asymptomatic HTLV-1-infected individuals (AC), and 58 HTLV-1 -uninfected healthy controls. Fas surface expression followed a two-step increase from HC to AC and from AC to HAM/TSP. In HAM/TSP, Fas levels correlated positively to lymphocyte activation markers, but negatively to age of onset, linking Fas<sup>hi</sup> cells to earlier, more aggressive disease. Surprisingly, increased lymphocyte Fas expression in HAM/TSP was linked to decreased apoptosis and increased lymphoproliferation upon <i>in vitro</i> culture, but not to proviral load. This Fas<sup>hi</sup> phenotype is HAM/TSP-specific, since both <i>ex vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> Fas expression was increased as compared to multiple sclerosis (MS), another neuroinflammatory disorder. To elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying non-apoptotic Fas signaling in HAM/TSP, we combined transcriptome analysis with functional assays, i.e., blocking vs. triggering Fas receptor <i>in vitro</i> with antagonist and agonist-, anti-Fas mAb, respectively. Treatment with agonist anti-Fas mAb restored apoptosis, indicating biased, but not defective Fas signaling in HAM/TSP. <i>In silico</i> analysis revealed biased Fas signaling toward proliferation and inflammation, driven by RelA/NF-κB. Correlation of Fas transcript levels with proliferation (but not apoptosis) was confirmed in HAM/TSP <i>ex vivo</i> transcriptomes. In conclusion, we demonstrated a two-step increase in Fas expression, revealing a unique Fas<sup>hi</sup> lymphocyte phenotype in HAM/TSP, distinguishable from MS. Non-apoptotic Fas signaling might fuel HAM/TSP pathogenesis, through increased lymphoproliferation, inflammation, and early age of onset.
Study of the electrical and chemical mechanisms induced by high voltage electrical discharges and application to biomolecules extraction, ECCE10-ECAB3-EPIC5 (2015)

International audience
Synthesis and Antitumour Activity of New Derivatives of Flavone-8-acetic Acid (FAA). Part 31): 2-Heteroaryl Derivatives (1998)

A range of 14 derivatives of flavone-8-acetic acid (FAA) with a heterocyclic substituent in place of the 2-phenyl group have been prepared and their anti-tumour activity evaluated in vitro against a panel of human and murine tumour cell lines and in vivo against MAC 15A. Some of the compounds, notably 2c, d and s, showed significant in vivo activity and these require further studies in order to evaluate their potential for development.
High Speed Modulation of a 1.55-μm MEMS-tunable VCSEL (2011)

The dynamics of the micromachined-tunable surface-emitting laser are derived from amplitude modulation response. The dependence of resonance frequency on bias current and wavelength is reported. The device shows 3-dB modulation frequency above 6 GHz.
Understanding Erosion Patterns as Potential Sites for Corrosion Proliferation (2019)

Abstract In the case of coated materials, any mechanical erosion at a specified location in a flow system will lead to chemical corrosion if the fluids are in contact with the eroded zone, which presents a favorable condition for corrosion growth. In contrast, corrosion of materials can worsen by mechanical erosion when corrosion has started destroying the texture of the subject material. In the present paper, we will review erosion-corrosion aspects of metallic systems based on particle impingement mechanisms’ Finnie model and its implication of different metallic materials. The paper summarizes the effects of fine particle impingement with regard to different flow situations that can lead to mechanical erosion that will affect the chemical reliability of the metal leading to potential harmful corrosion. The paper will provide a few recommendations to avoid such situations and achieve a sound mechanical and chemical reliability of the material system in use.
Step-Down Partial Power DC-DC Converters for Two-Stage Photovoltaic String Inverters (2019)

Photovoltaic (PV) systems composed by two energy conversion stages are attractive from an operation point of view. This is because the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) range is extended, due to the voltage decoupling between the PV system and the dc-link. Nevertheless, the additional dc-dc conversion stage increases the volume, cost and power converter losses. Therefore, central inverters based on a single-stage converter, have been a mainstream solution to interface large-scale PV arrays composed of several strings connected in parallel made by the series connections of PV modules. The concept of partial power converters (PPC), previously reported as a voltage step-up stage, has not addressed in depth for all types of PV applications. In this work, a PPC performing voltage step-down operation is proposed and analyzed. This concept is interesting from the industry point of view, since with the new isolation standards of PV modules are reaching 1500 V, increasing both the size of the string and dc-link voltage for single-stage inverters. Since grid connection remains typically at 690 V, larger strings impose more demanding operation for single-stage central inverters (required to operate at lower modulation indexes and demand higher blocking voltage devices), making the proposed step-down PPC an attractive solution. Theoretical analysis and an experimental test-bench was built in order to validate the PPC concept, the control performance and the improvement of the conversion efficiency. The experimental results corroborate the benefits of using a PPC, in terms of increasing the system efficiency by reducing the processed power of the converter, while not affecting the system performance.
All‐Printed Flexible Organic Transistors Enabled by Surface Tension‐Guided Blade Coating (2014)

A combination of surface energy-guided blade coating and inkjet printing is used to fabricate an all-printed high performance, high yield, and low variability organic thin film transistor (OTFT) array on a plastic substrate. Functional inks and printing processes were optimized to yield self-assembled homogenous thin films in every layer of the OTFT stack. Specifically, we investigated the effect of capillary number, semiconductor ink composition (small molecule-polymer ratio), and additive high boiling point solvent concentrations on film fidelity, pattern design, device performance and yields.
Initial severity of metabolic acidosis predicts the development of acute lung injury in severely traumatized patients (2000)

In this group of severely injured trauma patients, the degree of metabolic acidosis at the time of admission identified those patients with the highest probability of developing acute lung injury. In addition, the volume of crystalloid solution administered during the first 24 hrs was significantly greater in patients who later developed acute lung injury. Finally, there was a significantly higher morbidity in patients who developed acute lung injury, whereas mortality did not differ between the two groups.
Progress in Mechanistic Understanding and Characterization Techniques of Li‐S Batteries (2015)

Rechargeable lithium‐sulfur batteries that operate at room temperature have attracted much research interest as next‐generation energy storage systems. Although tremendous advances have been made with Li‐S batteries, great challenges still exist in achieving high capacity, high loading, high coulombic efficiency, and long cycle life. These challenges arise from the system complexity, lack of mechanistic understanding of the redox reaction, and operational limitations of Li‐S cells. The focus here is on the recent gains in fundamental understanding of the Li‐S redox reaction mechanism based on the application of advanced characterization techniques. Research results that help with the understanding of the close relationship between cell design (including development of new and advanced electrode materials, electrolytes, separators, binders, and cell configurations), the Li‐S reaction mechanism, characterization methods, and Li‐S battery performance are discussed.
Solubility of Small Molecules and Their Mixtures in Polyethylene (1999)

The solubility of small molecules and their mixtures in polyethylene is studied using a recently proposed united atom force field.1 By comparing the simulation results with experimental data on solubility of small molecules in semicrystalline polyethylene, it is found that crystallinity can severely effect the solubility of a solute, especially if it is highly soluble in the polymer of interest. It is also observed that small molecules form aggregates within the polymer in the liquid phase.
ChemInform Abstract: Marine Bacteria. Part 8. Maremycin A (Ia) and B (Ib), New Diketopiperazine from a Marine Streptomyces sp. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Intrinsic mutagenic properties of 5-chlorocytosine: A mechanistic connection between chronic inflammation and cancer (2015)

During chronic inflammation, neutrophil-secreted hypochlorous acid can damage nearby cells inducing the genomic accumulation of 5-chlorocytosine (5ClC), a known inflammation biomarker. Although 5ClC has been shown to promote epigenetic changes, it has been unknown heretofore if 5ClC directly perpetrates a mutagenic outcome within the cell. The present work shows that 5ClC is intrinsically mutagenic, both in vitro and, at a level of a single molecule per cell, in vivo. Using biochemical and genetic approaches, we have quantified the mutagenic and toxic properties of 5ClC, showing that this lesion caused C→T transitions at frequencies ranging from 3-9% depending on the polymerase traversing the lesion. X-ray crystallographic studies provided a molecular basis for the mutagenicity of 5ClC; a snapshot of human polymerase β replicating across a primed 5ClC-containing template uncovered 5ClC engaged in a nascent base pair with an incoming dATP analog. Accommodation of the chlorine substituent in the template major groove enabled a unique interaction between 5ClC and the incoming dATP, which would facilitate mutagenic lesion bypass. The type of mutation induced by 5ClC, the C→T transition, has been previously shown to occur in substantial amounts both in tissues under inflammatory stress and in the genomes of many inflammation-associated cancers. In fact, many sequence-specific mutational signatures uncovered in sequenced cancer genomes feature C→T mutations. Therefore, the mutagenic ability of 5ClC documented in the present study may constitute a direct functional link between chronic inflammation and the genetic changes that enable and promote malignant transformation.
Author Correction: Histology, immunohistochemistry, and in situ hybridization reveal overlooked Ebola virus target tissues in the Ebola virus disease guinea pig model (2019)

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
An inducible expression system permitting the efficient purification of a recombinant antigen fromMycobacterium smegmatis (1998)

A novel expression vector utilising the highly inducible acetamidase promoter of Mycobacterium smegmatis was constructed. High-level induction of a model antigen, the Mycobacterium leprae 35 kDa protein, was demonstrated in recombinant M. smegmatis grown in the presence of the acetamidase inducer acetamide. The recombinant protein could be simply and efficiently purified from the bacterial sonicate by virtue of a C-terminal 6-histidine tag, demonstrating that this purification strategy can be used for the mycobacteria. The histidine tag had no apparent effect on the protein conformation or immunogenicity, suggesting that the vector described may prove useful for the purification of native-like recombinant mycobacterial proteins from fast-growing mycobacterial hosts.
Polymorphisms in Uncoupling Protein, Melanocortin 3 Receptor, Melanocortin 4 Receptor, and Pro-Opiomelanocortin Genes and Association with Production Traits in a Commercial Broiler Line (2008)

Because avian uncoupling protein (avUCP), melanocortin 3 receptor (MC3R), melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R), and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) genes may be associated with production traits [e.g., BW, weight gain (WG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR)], male and female broilers from an elite broiler line were screened for polymorphisms in these genes. The PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) tests were developed to type the missense polymorphisms UCPAla118Val, MC4RSer76Leu, MC3R-Met54Leu, and Gly104Ser and POMCPro61Leu. Of 39 single nucleotide polymorphisms identified in all 4 genes, 24/39 were transitions with 11 having a C to T change. Of the 23 polymorphisms in UCP, 17 represented at least 7 haplotypes in this pedigreed broiler line. The UCP Ala-118Val allele was associated with a) high feed efficiency (FE; P = 0.03) and WG (P = 0.053) in selected males, and b) high BW in selected females (P = 0.07) and unselected males (P = 0.015). The UCPVal118Val allele was found in approximately 10% of the birds that were screened. Five silent substitutions, 3 in MC3R and 2 in MC4R, were also identified. Thirteen polymorphisms were identified in the POMC gene representing at least 3 different alleles. A missense Pro61Leu heterozygote was associated with greater BW in females. The heterozygote MC3R Gly104Ser polymorphism was associated with greater FE in selected males (P = 0.03) and greater BW in unselected males (P = 0.007). The MC4R Ser76Leu heterozygote polymorphism was associated with greater BW than the Leu76 homozygote in females (P = 0.05). From these findings, we hypothesize that UCP, MC3R, MC4R and POMC genes may play important roles and could be candidate loci for production traits such as feed conversion and BW in commercial broiler breeding stock.
Description of the fluorescence intensity time trace of collections of CdSe nanocrystal quantum dots based on single quantum dot fluorescence blinking statistics (2006)

This paper analyzes the observed phenomenology of the fluorescence time trace of collections of quantum dots (QDs) in terms of the model parameters that characterize the fluorescence blinking statistics of single QDs. We demonstrate that the non-universal dynamics that appear in fluorescence time traces of collections of QDs at short time scales are related to the universal dynamics that appear at longer time scales. We explore how the extent of time separation between the short and long dynamics affects the transition region and the dynamics at longer time scales. We suggest a methodology to extract single QD statistical model parameters from experimental fluorescence time traces of collections of QDs. We explore theoretical time traces and their experimental analogs for three different cases that span the diverse nonuniversal dynamics that appear at short time scales.
An efficient cooperation protocol to extend coverage area in cellular networks (2006)

In this paper, we propose a bandwidth efficient cooperation protocol to extend coverage area in cellular networks. An important question, however, in implementing any cooperation protocol is how to assign cooperating partners. We introduce a BS-controlled relay-assignment algorithm to assign cooperating users. First, we derive a lower bound on the outage performance of any practical relay assignment protocol. The lower bound can be achieved by a hypothetical Genie-aided protocol that places a relay at the optimal theoretical location for every source in the network. Then we describe and analyze the performance of the base-station/access-point (BS/AP) controlled protocol. The BS/AP-controlled protocol can be implemented at the BS or the AP, and it tries to emulate the Genie-aided protocol. Simulation results for rural cellular systems are provided. By utilizing the proposed protocol, simulation results indicate a significant gain in coverage area over the direct transmission scheme under fairly the same bandwidth efficiency and fixed average transmitted power. For the rural cellular system case, coverage extension of about 250% can be achieved by the BS/AP-controlled protocol.
A Bioactive Spirolactone Iridoid and Triterpenoids from Himatanthus sucuuba. (2001)

Himatanthus sucuuba is an Amazonian tree with abundant, yet conflicting ethnobotanical information. Investigation of the polar and non-polar constituents led to the isolation of plumericin, a bioactive spirolactone iridoid, and four known pentacylic triterpenes: lupeol acetate, lupeol cinnamate, lupeol beta-phenyl propionate, and alpha-amyrin cinnamate.
1995 Index IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engineering Vol. 3 (1995)

This index covers all technical items - papers, correspondence, reviews, etc. - that appeared in this periodical during the year, and items from previous years that were commented upon or corrected in this year. Departments and other items may also be covered if they have been judged to have archival value. The Author Index contains the primary entry for each item, listed under the first author's name. The primary entry includes the co-authors' names, the title of the paper or other item, and its location, specified by the publication abbreviation, year, month, and inclusive pagination. The Subject Index contains entries describing the item under all appropriate subject headings, plus the first author's name, the publication abbreviation, month, and year, and inclusive pages. Note that the item title is found only under the primary entry in the Author Index.