gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
NAB2, a Corepressor of NGFI-A (Egr-1) and Krox20, Is Induced by Proliferative and Differentiative Stimuli (1996)

Previous work had identified a corepressor, NAB1, which represses transcriptional activation mediated by NGFI-A (also known as Egr-1, zif268, and Krox24) and Krox20. These zinc finger transcription factors are encoded by immediate-early genes and have been implicated in a wide variety of proliferative and differentiative processes. We have isolated and characterized another corepressor, NAB2, which is highly related to NAB1 within two discrete domains. The first conserved domain of NAB2 mediates an interaction with the R1 domain of NGFI-A. NAB2 represses the activity of both NGFI-A and Krox20, and its expression is regulated by some of the same stimuli that induce NGFI-A expression, including serum stimulation of fibroblasts and nerve growth factor stimulation of PC12 cells. The human NAB2 gene has been localized to chromosome 12ql3.3-14.1, a region that is rearranged in several solid tumors, lipomas, uterine leiomyomata, and liposarcomas. Sequencing of the Caenorhabditis elegans genome has identified a gene that bears high homology to both NAB1 and NAB2, suggesting that NAB molecules fulfill an evolutionarily conserved role.
Quantum-Limited Sensitivity of Single-Electron-Transistor-Based Displacement Detectors (2004)

We consider a model of a quantum-mechanical resonator capacitively coupled to a single electron transistor (SET). The tunnel current in the SET is modulated by the vibrations of the resonator, and thus the system operates as a displacement detector. We analyze the effect of the backaction noise of charge fluctuations in the SET onto the dynamics of the resonator and evaluate the displacement sensitivity of the system. The relation between the "classical" and "quantum" parts of the SET charge noise and their effect on the measured system are also discussed.
Association of pulmonary vein isolation and major cardiovascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation (2022)

NCT02105844, April 7th 2014.
Enhanced N2 Dissociation on Ru-Loaded Inorganic Electride (2014)

Electrides, i.e. salts in which electrons serve as anions, are promising materials for lowering activation energies of chemical reactions. Ab initio simulations are used to investigate the effect of the electron anions in a prototype mayenite-based electride (C12A7:e(-)) on the mechanism of N2 dissociation. It is found that both atomic and molecular nitrogen species chemisorb on the electride surface and become negatively charged due to the electron transfer from the substrate. However, charging alone is not sufficient to promote dissociation of N2 molecules. In the presence of Ru, N2 adsorbs with the formation of a cis-Ru2N2 complex and the N-N bond weakens due to both the electron transfer from the substrate and interaction with Ru. This complex transforms into a more stable trans-Ru2N2 configuration, in which the N2 molecule is dissociated, with the calculated barrier of 116 kJ mol(-1) and the overall energy gain of 72 kJ mol(-1). In contrast, in the case of the stoichiometric mayentie, the cis-Ru2N2 is ~34 kJ mol(-1) more stable than the trans-Ru2N2, while the cis-trans transition has a barrier of 192 kJ mol(-1). Splitting of N2 is promoted by a combination of the strong electron donating power of C12A7:e(-), ability of Ru to capture N2, polarization of Ru clusters, and electrostatic interaction of negatively charged N species with the surface cations.
Dipole Antennas and Arrays (2005)

Abstract This article describes the dipole antenna and common types of arrays built from dipole antennas.
Non-GABA sleep medications, suvorexant as risk factors for falls: Case-control and case-crossover study (2020)

The aim of this study was to examine the risk of falls associated with the use of non-gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) sleep medications, suvorexant and ramelteon. This case-control and case-crossover study was performed at the Kudanzaka Hospital, Chiyoda Ward, Tokyo. A total of 325 patients who had falls and 1295 controls matched by sex and age were included. The inclusion criteria for the case group were hospitalized patients who had their first fall and that for the control were patients who were hospitalized and did not have a fall, between January 2016 and November 2018. The internal sleep medications administered were classified as suvorexant, ramelteon, non-benzodiazepines, benzodiazepines, or kampo. In the case-control study, age, sex, clinical department, the fall down risk score, and hospitalized duration were adjusted in the logistic regression model. In the case-control study, multivariable logistic regression showed that the use of suvorexant (odds ratio [OR]: 2.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29-5.28), nonbenzodiazepines (OR: 2.49, 95% CI: 1.73-3.59), and benzodiazepines (OR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.16-2.34) was significantly associated with an increased OR of falls. However, the use of ramelteon (OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 0.60-3.16) and kampo (OR: 1.55, 95% CI: 0.75-3.19) was not significantly associated with an increased OR of falls. In the case-crossover study, the use of suvorexant (OR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.05-3.00) and nonbenzodiazepines (OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.17-2.27) was significantly associated with an increased OR of falls. Similar patterns were observed in several sensitivity analyses. It was suggested that suvorexant increases the OR of falls. This result is robust in various analyses. This study showed that the risk of falls also exists for non-GABA sleep medication, suvorexant, and thus it is necessary to carefully prescribe hypnotic drugs under appropriate assessment.
Drag reduction by flapping a pair of flexible filaments behind a cylinder (2023)

The hydrodynamic mechanism of drag reduction by flapping a pair of flexible filaments behind a cylinder was explored using the penalty immersed boundary method. The effects of the phase difference between two filaments, the attachment height, and the flapping amplitude on drag reduction were examined. The flapping filaments weaken the vortex shedding via the destructive interaction between the vortices with the opposite signal. The clapping (out-of-phase) flexible filaments experience a lower friction drag and reduce a form drag of the cylinder, showing a better drag reduction than the snaking (in-phase) flexible filaments and the clapping rigid filaments. A minimum drag is obtained at an appropriate attachment height and flapping amplitude that avoid collision of the filaments and weaken the shear-layer–filaments interaction. The effectiveness ratio of the clapping filaments is higher than that of the snaking filaments. Energy saving can be achieved by avoiding the shear layer–filament interaction at a low flapping amplitude, whereas the filaments can further reduce the drag with greater energy consumption at an appropriate flapping amplitude. In addition, the total drag decreases with increasing Reynolds number, accompanied by a transition of the wake pattern from the 2S mode to the P + S mode.
The post-lockdown period should be used to acquire effective therapies for future resurgence in SARS-Cov-2 infections. (2020)

COVID-19 will be with us through the remainder of 2020 and almost certainly beyond. New Zealand needs a viable strategy to protect its populace until a vaccine is developed and in wide use. Until that time, it makes sense to protect the population by putting in place treatments that will be safe and effective, such as the use of convalescent sera and the use of direct-acting anti-virals. These treatments should be sourced externally or made locally, but steps in this direction must now begin as the lockdown ends. New Zealand has the scientists, the facilities and the will to make this happen, but the support of the government and the population will be needed if this plan is to succeed.
Modeling and Simulation of Relativistic Multiple Electron Beam Generation With Different Energies From a Single-Cathode Potential for High-Power Microwave Sources (2022)

The traveling wave tube (TWT) has been a reliable conventional vacuum electron device (CVED) since the 1940s. Researchers, beginning in the late 1980s, extended the TWT to the relativistic electron beam regime to generate 100- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{s}\cdot $ </tex-math></inline-formula> MW power in the <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${X}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -band. Since the mid-1990s, there has been little advancement in the field. Recently, the linear theory of a multistream TWT was published, which showed superexponential amplification properties. This article describes a novel technique for producing multiple electron beams with an energy difference of about 6%–27% with comparable currents from a single cathode at a single potential for a multistream TWT. We present a new model of two nested cathodes where two annular electron beams are generated and propagated in a smooth cylindrical pipe that emerged into a strong magnetic field. The two nested cathodes are magnetically insulated coaxial diodes (MICDs). The simulation results are obtained using the MAGIC particle-in-cell (PIC) code for the experimental vacuum diode geometry of the SINUS-6 high-current electron beam accelerator at The University of New Mexico. Results are obtained, which are then: 1) compared with earlier experimental results for a single beam; 2) study the current–voltage ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${I}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> – <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) characteristics of two electron beams powered by a single cathode at a single potential immersed in a strong magnetic field; and 3) show 6%–27% energy differences with comparable currents between two beams. This technique is viable for pulsed power-driven, relativistic electron beams for a relativistic multistream TWT.
Bispecific antibody CAP256.J3LS targets V2-apex and CD4-binding sites with high breadth and potency (2023)

Antibody CAP256-VRC26.25 targets the second hypervariable region (V2) at the apex of the HIV envelope (Env) trimer with extraordinary neutralization potency, although less than optimal breadth. To improve breadth, we linked the light chain of CAP256V2LS, an optimized version of CAP256-VRC26.25 currently under clinical evaluation, to the llama nanobody J3, which has broad CD4-binding site-directed neutralization. The J3-linked bispecific antibody exhibited improved breadth and potency over both J3 and CAP256V2LS, indicative of synergistic neutralization. The cryo-EM structure of the bispecific antibody in complex with a prefusion-closed Env trimer revealed simultaneous binding of J3 and CAP256V2LS. We further optimized the pharmacokinetics of the bispecific antibody by reducing the net positive charge of J3. The optimized bispecific antibody, which we named CAP256.J3LS, had a half-life similar to CAP256V2LS in human FcRn knock-in mice and exhibited suitable auto-reactivity, manufacturability, and biophysical risk. CAP256.J3LS neutralized over 97% of a multiclade 208-strain panel (geometric mean concentration for 80% inhibition (IC<sub>80</sub>) 0.079 μg/ml) and 100% of a 100-virus clade C panel (geometric mean IC<sub>80</sub> of 0.05 μg/ml), suggesting its anti-HIV utility especially in regions where clade C dominates.
[Computer-assisted video-endoscopic endonasal surgery]. (2001)

CAS enables the surgeon to have a more thorough understanding of the complicated anatomy of paranasal sinuses, and may be especially helpful in revision surgery when normal anatomic landmarks are lacking. Due to the passive optical technology (Passive Polaris(R)), we are continuing clinical studies in ENT surgery in order do improve the system and to simplify its current management.
Transformers for a Modernized Grid: INSULATE kickoff. (2022)

Abstract not provided.
Low-Profile Textile Antenna with Omni-Directional Radiation for Wearable Applications (2019)

A novel planar textile antenna with an omnidirectional radiation pattern is presented for wearable applications. The omnidirectional radiation is achieved by exciting four rotated open-ended slots with uniform amplitude and phase. The operating principles are explained with the help of equivalent circuit models and current distribution. The antenna is verified experimentally, showing good performance in terms of impedance bandwidth, omni-directional pattern, radiation efficiency and robustness to deformation and phantom loading.
Inhibition of activation‐induced changes in the structure of the T cell interleukin‐7 receptor by cyclosporin A and FK506 (1993)

We have recently shown that activation of T cells causes structural changes in the interleukin-7 receptor (IL-7R) (Foxwell et al. Int. Immunol. 1992, 4: 277). Unactivated cells expressed a receptor characterized as a cross-linked protein of 107-kDa whereas activated cells had reduced levels of this 107-kDa complex and now express a major cross-linked product of 93 kDa. These changes in receptor expression were concomitant with the acquisition of IL-7 growth responsiveness by activated T cells. In this study, the effect of the potent immunosuppressive agents cyclosporin A and FK506 on the activation-induced responsiveness to IL-7-driven proliferation and the concomitant changes in receptor structure have been investigated. Cyclosporin A and FK506 suppressed the expression of the 93-kDa complex and the loss of the 107-kDa complex on activated cells. The presence of exogenous IL-7 inhibited the effects of the drugs on IL-7R structure, allowing expression of the 93-kDa complex. Expression of the 93-kDa complex could also be induced either by ionomycin or phorbol esters. As observed for other T cell activation parameters, only those which induced a calcium signal (ionomycin) but not protein kinase C (phorbol esters) were sensitive to the drugs. In all studies, the expression of the 93-kDa complex correlated with the ability of cells to proliferate to IL-7, and thus these results further support the hypothesis that the 93-kDa form of the IL-7R is required to transmit the cytokine's growth signal. Moreover, these data suggest that activation-induced transcriptional events are required for the expression of the 93-kDa complex and the down-regulation of the 107-kDa complex. As reported for IL-2R and IL-4R, our data also show that the expression of another T cell growth factor receptor is sensitive to the effects of cyclosporin A and FK506. These observations also have important implications for reported cyclosporin A effects on the thymus where IL-7 can act as a growth factor for thymocytes.
Bragg Gratings Written in All-&gt;tex&lt;$rm SiO_2$&gt;/tex&lt;and Ge-Doped Core Fibers With 800-nm Femtosecond Radiation and a Phase Mask (2004)

Femtosecond laser pulses at 800 nm and 120 fs were used to fabricate high-quality retroreflecting fiber Bragg gratings in standard Ge-doped telecom fiber (Corning SMF-28) and all-silica-core Fluorine doped cladding single-mode fiber using a deep-etch silica zero-order nulled phase mask. Induced index modulations of 1.9/spl times/10/sup -3/ were achieved with peak power intensities of 2.9/spl times/10/sup 12/ W/cm/sup 2/ without any fiber sensitization such as hydrogen loading. The fiber gratings have annealing characteristics similar to type II damage fiber gratings and demonstrate stable operation at temperatures as high as 950/spl deg/C. The grating devices exhibit low polarization dependence. The primary mechanism of induced index change results from a structural modification to the fiber core.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Class of Zinc‐Binding Inhibitors for the Phosphatidylcholine‐Preferring Phospholipase C from Bacillus cereus. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fine-Tuning Catechol Reactivity in Synthetic Polymeric Materials (2015)

The robust, versatile attachment of mussels in the intertidal zone has motivated a large effort to create adhesives, coatings and energy dispersive materials based on the design principles of these marine organisms. Much progress has been made, but these materials frequently run up against two challenges related to the promiscuous reactivity of the catechol moiety. The first is the inability of reductionist constructs to incorporate the chemical nuances which modulate and optimize the performance of catechols. The second is the great propensity of catechols to oxidize and oligomerize under relatively benign conditions. Addressing these challenges will allow broader control and enhanced performance of catecholic moieties in synthetic systems. Two different strategies were employed to address these challenges: modulating the chemical nature of catechols, and utilizing stimuli-responsive protection chemistries. First, the effect of local environment on the adhesive, adsorptive, and metal binding behavior of catechols was investigated for both native proteins and synthetic polymeric analogues. The presence of charged cofunctionality is able to modulate the binding properties of catechols by tuning their proton affinity. This effect can be re-created by chemically modifying catechols to create electron-deficient analogues with greater acidity and a lower susceptibility to oxidation. A simple metal coordination crosslinked hydrogel model system and an interpenetrating network hydrogel were used to demonstrate that these analogues possessed clear advantages in the construction of mechanically active structures. Finally, photo-mediated patterning and deprotection strategies were used to exert spatiotemporal control over the reactivity of catechols. By selectively activating catechols, binding can be controlled and catechols protected from premature oxidation. Taken together, these strategies show that controlled catecholic reactivity can be achieved by fusing biological design principles with designed materials engineering. Furthermore, this work identifies the 3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone moiety as an especially promising functionality for metal coordination bonding in supramolecular materials.
Octave-spanning Supercontinuum Generation of Vortices in a As2S3 Ring Photonic Crystal Fiber (2012)

As2S3 ring PCF is proposed for vortex modes. Two orders of magnitude improvement on mode separation is achieved. Engineered dispersion and high nonlinearity enable octave-spanning supercontinuum generation from 1196 to 2418 nm within 1-cm fiber.
In Vivo Detection of hESC-RPE Cells via Confocal Near-Infrared Fundus Reflectance (2013)

The NIR mode was suitable to detect the presence of hESC-RPE seeded on a membrane and implanted into the subretinal space of the RCS rat.
Data from Inhibition of Age-Related Therapy Resistance in Melanoma by Rosiglitazone-Mediated Induction of Klotho (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Aging is a poor prognostic factor for melanoma. We have shown that melanoma cells in an aged microenvironment are more resistant to targeted therapy than identical cells in a young microenvironment. This is dependent on age-related secreted factors. Klotho is an age-related protein whose serum levels decrease dramatically by age 40. Most studies on klotho in cancer have focused on the expression of klotho in the tumor cell. We have shown that exogenous klotho inhibits internalization and signaling of Wnt5A, which drives melanoma metastasis and resistance to targeted therapy. We investigate here whether increasing klotho in the aged microenvironment could be an effective strategy for the treatment of melanoma.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; PPARγ increases klotho levels and is increased by glitazones. Using rosiglitazone, we queried the effects of rosiglitazone on Klotho/Wnt5A cross-talk, &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;, and the implications of that for targeted therapy in young versus aged animals.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; We show that rosiglitazone increases klotho and decreases Wnt5A in tumor cells, reducing the burden of both BRAF inhibitor–sensitive and BRAF inhibitor–resistant tumors in aged, but not young mice. However, when used in combination with PLX4720, tumor burden was reduced in both young and aged mice, even in resistant tumors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Using glitazones as adjuvant therapy for melanoma may provide a new treatment strategy for older melanoma patients who have developed resistance to vemurafenib. As klotho has been shown to play a role in other cancers too, our results may have wide relevance for multiple tumor types. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 23(12); 3181–90. ©2017 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
A case for a parallelizable hash (2008)

On November 2, 2007, NIST (United States National Institute of Standards and Technology) announced an initiative to design a new secure hash function for this century, to be called SHA-3. The competition will be open and it is planned to conclude in 2012. These developments are quite similar to the recent history of symmetric block ciphers— breaking of the DES (Data Encryption Standard) and emergence of the AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) in 2001 as the winner of a multiyear NIST competition. In this paper we make a case that parallelizability should be one of the properties sought in the new SHA-3 design. We present a design concept for a parallelizable hash function called PHASH based on a block cipher, and we discuss PHASH’s performance and security.
Splenic Capping (1982)

The use of polyglycolic acid (PGA) stretchable mesh applied to the experimentally injured canine spleen can achieve satisfactory immediate hemostasis by tamponade and simplifies the use of sutures to control remaining areas of hemorrhage. PGA mesh with 1/4" and 1/8" openings was utilized for splenorrhaphy in 12 adult mongrel dogs subjected to sharp splenic trauma. By gross and histologic examination, the PGA mesh material appears to undergo progressive absorption to complete absorption by 85 days. For the 12 animals and 30 operative procedures the only complications of the use of the mesh were the occurrence of an intrasplenic seroma in a single animal at 6 weeks after operation and three wound infections. With this material, rapid, simple canine splenic injury repair can be achieved. PGA mesh further assists in the healing process, and in maintaining maximum splenic architecture and function. The material used in this study was manufactured and supplied by Davis & Geck, American Cyanamid, Danbury, Connecticut.