gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Properties and performance of rate detection algorithms in three implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (2002)

Three detection algorithms used in implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are described and compared. Synthetic and prerecorded human tachyarrhythmias were applied to algorithm simulations. As rhythm variability increased, the consistency of the result near detection zone boundaries fell and had different trends for each algorithm. For 456 prerecorded rhythms and fixed zones, VT-VF sensitivities were 96-97% and specificities were 83-85%.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Rôle des cellules dendritiques dans l’immunité innée antitumorale : vers de potentielles applications thérapeutiques en hématologie (2000)

Les effecteurs de l’immunite antitumorale actuellement reconnus et exploites en immunotherapie sont les lymphocytes T CD8+ (CTL), specifiques d’antigenes (Ag) tumoraux de cytotoxicite restreinte par les molecules du complexe majeur d’histocompatibilite (CMH) de classe I. L’augmentation de la frequence de tels precurseurs CTL dans le sang circulant peut etre obtenue par immunisation de l’hote par des cellules dendritiques (CD) pulsees par les Ag tumoraux et pourrait permettre le controle de la maladie tumorale residuelle, comme en attestent les resultats precliniques et les premiers essais cliniques. L’immunoselection spontanee ou provoquee de variants tumoraux ayant perdu selectivement certains epitopes antigeniques et/ou des motifs CMH classe I a ete documentee. D’autres effecteurs tels que les lymphocytes NK pourraient avoir un role cle dans les reponses immunitaires antitumorales. Nos donnees demontrent que les lymphocytes NK au repos peuvent etre actives directement par contact membranaire avec les CD independamment de l’IL-12 ou de l’IFN type I, placant la CD a l’interface entre l’immunite innee et l’immunite acquise. La therapie cellulaire dendritique et/ou NK adoptive pourrait trouver de nouvelles indications en hematologie.
Recherche française sur les maladies infectieuses des animaux d’élevage : évolution et comparaison à la recherche mondiale (2019)

Une base de données bibliométrique établie à partir du Web of Science Core collection® a recensé les articles scientifiques publiés entre 2006 et 2013 dans le domaine des maladies infectieuses et zoonotiques des animaux d’élevage, incluant poissons et abeilles ; seules les revues internationales et les articles rédigés en anglais ont été considérés. La production scientifique française de ce domaine, de 400 publications par an environ, représente 4,3 % de la production scientifique mondiale. L'auteur principal de ces articles est d'équipe françcaise dans 60 % des cas, et le nombre de publications augmente de 3 % par an, à comparer à 5 % au niveau mondial. Quarante-quatre pourcents des articles portent sur les ruminants, 20 % sur les volailles, 11 % les poissons, 10 % le porc, 5 % le lapin, 4 % le cheval, 1 % les abeilles, le reste concernant différentes espèces. Le nombre d'articles est en diminution pour le lapin et le cheval, en augmentation pour les volailles, les poissons, le porc et les abeilles ; 44 % des articles portent sur des virus, 31 % sur des bactéries, 22 % sur des parasites, 5 % sur les prions. Cette distribution et les familles d'agents pathogènes étudiés sont très semblables à ce qui est produit au niveau mondial, aves des nuances. Une collaboration internationale est présente dans 62 % des cas et cette proportion augmente progresssivement. Les principaux pays partenaires sont les pays européens limitrophes de la France, aisnsi ques les États-unis et dans une moindre mesure le Canada la Chine et l'afrique du sud..
Dual Infection of the Bovine Fetus with Bovine Virus Diarrhea Type 1 and Type 2 (1999)

Infection of the fetus between 40-120 days of gestation with bovine virus diarrhea virus (BVDV) results in a persistently infected animal that is a constant source of BVDV to the herd.
Identification of a Novel Allosteric Site at the M5Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor (2021)

The M<sub>5</sub> muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) has emerged as an exciting therapeutic target for the treatment of addiction and behavioral disorders. This has been in part due to promising preclinical studies with the M<sub>5</sub> mAChR selective negative allosteric modulator (NAM), ML375. The binding site of ML375 remains unknown, however, making it difficult to develop improved M<sub>5</sub> mAChR selective modulators. To determine the possible location of the ML375 binding site, we used radioligand binding and functional assays to show that ML375 does not interact with the well-characterized "common" mAChR allosteric site located in the receptor's extracellular vestibule, nor a previously proposed second allosteric site recognized by the modulator, amiodarone. Molecular docking was used to predict potential allosteric sites within the transmembrane (TM) domain of the M<sub>5</sub> mAChR. These predicted sites were assessed using M<sub>5</sub>-M<sub>2</sub> mAChR receptor chimeras and further targeted with site-directed mutagenesis, which enabled the identification of a putative binding site for ML375 at the interface of TMs 2-4. Collectively, these results identify a third allosteric site at the M<sub>5</sub> mAChR and highlight the ability of allosteric modulators to selectively target highly conserved proteins.
New materials on horizon for advanced logic technology in mobile era (2013)

The challenges to scale transistor designs well below the 10 nm node are severe. The talk will explain that the frontrunner in this material and design battle is still a channel material based on single-walled carbon nanotubes. It has been shown in experiment that carbon nanotube do outperform any other channel material at these dimensions and provides low voltage operation. Nanotube transistors are free from substitutional dopants, have reduced access resistance without source starvation, are compatible with gate-all-around electrostatics and high-k materials as gate dielectrics. While these are all outstanding features, the road for integration is less clear. Therefore, the second part of the talk will give an overview which concepts , tricks and advancements are on the horizon to establish a technology which is compatible with the requirement to have billions of identical nanotube transistor structures lined up on nanometer-scale gate pitch.
Edge classification in networks (2016)

We consider in this paper the edge classification problem in networks, which is defined as follows. Given a graph-structured network G(N, A), where N is a set of vertices and A ⊆ N ×N is a set of edges, in which a subset Al ⊆ A of edges are properly labeled a priori, determine for those edges in Au = A\Al the edge labels which are unknown. The edge classification problem has numerous applications in graph mining and social network analysis, such as relationship discovery, categorization, and recommendation. Although the vertex classification problem has been well known and extensively explored in networks, edge classification is relatively unknown and in an urgent need for careful studies. In this paper, we present a series of efficient, neighborhood-based algorithms to perform edge classification in networks. To make the proposed algorithms scalable in large-scale networks, which can be either disk-resident or streamlike, we further devise efficient, cost-effective probabilistic edge classification methods without a significant compromise to the classification accuracy. We carry out experimental studies in a series of real-world networks, and the experimental results demonstrate both the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed methods for edge classification in large networks.
Evaluation of continuous glucose monitoring‐derived person‐specific HbA1c in the presence and absence of complications in type 1 diabetes (2022)

cHbA1c, which takes into account RBC glucose uptake and lifespan, accurately reflects laboratory HbA1c in a real-world setting and can aid in the management of individuals with diabetes.
Nadine Dobrovolskaïa-Zavadskaïa, une Russe à la Fondation Curie, une vision singulière de la génétique dans le cancer (1921–1954) (2017)

Nadine Dobrovolskaïa-Zavadskaïa, première femme russe à diriger un département de chirurgie en Russie, émigre en France en 1921. À son arrivée, elle entre à l'Institut du Radium à Paris pour mener des recherches visant à améliorer les protocoles de traitement du cancer. En 1927, Claudius Regaud lui confie l'étude de l'hérédité des cancers. Dans ce contexte, elle s'intéresse à la nature des mutations, et découvre et étudie une mutation de la souris appelée T (c'est à dire Tailless, ou brachyoure). Ce travail fait d'elle une pionnière dans le domaine de la génétique du développement, et son travail est encore cité actuellement. Plusieurs questions se posent concernant le cursus de cette chercheuse. Par quels moyens, a-t-elle pu intégrer, dès son arrivée en France, un laboratoire de recherche spécialisé dans une discipline qui lui était jusqu'alors inconnue ? Quelle a été la contribution des savants russes à la recherche française dans ce domaine ? Cet article décrit le parcours scientifique de Nadine Dobrovolskaïa en l'intégrant dans son contexte scientifique national et international. Le rôle primordial, mais très méconnu, joué par le réseau académique russe en France dans l'intégration des immigrants dans la vie universitaire, est ainsi mis en évidence.
Ultralow-loss silicon waveguide crossing using Bloch modes in index-engineered cascaded multimode-interference couplers (2013)

We investigate the loss mechanism in three-moded multimode-interference couplers that are the building blocks of a compact and low-loss waveguide crossing structure. Broadband silicon waveguide crossing arrays with <0.01 dB insertion loss per crossing are proposed using cascaded multimode-interference couplers, where lateral subwavelength nanostructures are used to reduce the insertions loss. We design and fabricate a 101×101 waveguide crossing array with a pitch of 3.08 μm. Insertion loss of ∼0.02 dB per crossing and crosstalk <-40 dB at 1550 nm operating wavelength and a broad transmission spectrum ranging from 1520 to 1610 nm are experimentally demonstrated.
Lattice melting at the clearing point in frustrated systems (1995)

Abstract This communication was stimulated by a meeting of the Sonderforschungsbereich 335, ‘Anisotrope Fluide’ at the Technische Universität Berlin, in December 1994. At this conference we realized that there are some very strong similarities between the melting processes of blue phases, twist grain boundary phases, and cubic D phases to the isotropic, amorphous liquid. In all three cases the melting appears to be a two stage process with a sharp melting enthalpy followed by a broad diffuse endotherm as the disorganized liquid is formed. In this article we wish to draw attention to similarities in the nature of these melting processes, to suggest a general descriptive model for the breakdown in molecular ordering, and to stimulate a theoretical debate in order to gain an understanding of the role of frustration phenomena in melting processes.
δ-Tocotrienol Oxazine Derivative Antagonizes Mammary Tumor Cell Compensatory Response to CoCl2-Induced Hypoxia (2014)

In response to low oxygen supply, cancer cells elevate production of HIF-1α, a hypoxia-inducible transcription factor that subsequently acts to stimulate blood vessel formation and promote survival. Studies were conducted to determine the role of δ-tocotrienol and a semisynthetic δ-tocotrienol oxazine derivative, compound 44, on +SA mammary tumor cell hypoxic response. Treatment with 150 µM CoCl2 induced a hypoxic response in +SA mammary tumor cells as evidenced by a large increase in HIF-1α levels, and combined treatment with compound 44 attenuated this response. CoCl2-induced hypoxia was also associated with a large increase in Akt/mTOR signaling, activation of downstream targets p70S6K and eIF-4E1, and a significant increase in VEGF production, and combined treatment with compound 44 blocked this response. Additional in vivo studies showed that intralesional treatment with compound 44 in BALB/c mice bearing +SA mammary tumors significantly decreased the levels of HIF-1α, and this effect was associated with a corresponding decrease in Akt/mTOR signaling and activation of downstream targets p70S6 kinase and eIF-4E1. These findings demonstrate that treatment with the δ-tocotrienol oxazine derivative, compound 44, significantly attenuates +SA mammary tumor cell compensatory responses to hypoxia and suggests that this compound may provide benefit in the treatment of rapidly growing solid breast tumors.
Blood–Brain Barrier Opening and Drug Delivery Using Focused Ultrasound and Microbubbles (2013)

Current treatments of neurological and neurodegenerative diseases are limited due to the lack of a truly non-invasive, transient, and regionally selective brain drug delivery method. The brain is particularly difficult to deliver drugs to because of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The impermeability of the BBB is due to the tight junctions connecting adjacent endothelial cells and highly regulatory transport systems of the endothelial cell membranes. The main function of the BBB is ion and volume regulation to ensure conditions necessary for proper synaptic and axonal signaling. However, the same permeability properties that keep the brain healthy also constitute the cause of the tremendous obstacles posed in its pharmacological treatment. The BBB prevents most neurologically active drugs from entering the brain and, as a result, has been isolated as the rate-limiting factor in brain drug delivery. Until a solution to the trans-BBB delivery problem is found, treatments of neurological diseases will remain impeded. Over the past decade, methods that combine Focused Ultrasound (FUS) and microbubbles have been shown to offer the unique capability of noninvasively, locally and transiently opening the BBB so as to treat central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Four of the main challenges that lie ahead are to: 1) assess its safety profile, 2) unveil the mechanism by which the BBB opens and closes, 3) control and predict the opened BBB properties and duration of the opening and 4) assess its premise in brain drug delivery. All these challenges will be discussed, findings in both small (mice) and large (non-human primates) animals will be shown and finally the case for this technique for clinical applications will be made.
Cover Feature: Coherent Evolution of Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange in Two Alternating Fields (alt‐SABRE) (ChemPhysChem 23/2021) (2021)

The Cover Feature illustrates the quest for efficient Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE). It shows conventional SABRE on the left side and the method alt-SABRE on the right side, where the polarization evolution switches back and forth between the strong coupling regime at ∼1 mT and the weak coupling regime at ∼50 mT. With this effect the polarization of 15N can be boosted by at least 30%. The authors thank the DEAL project for promoting open access to research publications. More information can be found in the Communication by Andrey N. Pravdivtsev, Kai Buckenmaier and co-workers.
Highly Stable Contact Doping in Organic Field Effect Transistors by Dopant‐Blockade Method (2020)

In organic device applications, a high contact resistance between metal electrodes and organic semiconductors prevents an efficient charge injection and extraction, which fundamentally limits the device performance. Recently, various contact doping methods have been reported as an effective way to resolve the contact resistance problem. However, the contact doping has not been explored extensively in organic field effect transistors (OFETs) due to dopant diffusion problem, which significantly degrades the device stability by damaging the ON/OFF switching performance. Here, the stability of a contact doping method is improved by incorporating "dopant-blockade molecules" in the poly(2,5-bis(3-hexadecylthiophen-2-yl)thieno[3,2-<i>b</i>]thiophene) (PBTTT) film in order to suppress the diffusion of the dopant molecules. By carefully selecting the dopant-blockade molecules for effectively blocking the dopant diffusion paths, the ON/OFF ratio of PBTTT OFETs can be maintained over 2 months. This work will maximize the potential of OFETs by employing the contact doping method as a promising route toward resolving the contact resistance problem.
Two-hop all-optical label swapping with variable length 80 Gb/s packets and 10 Gb/s labels using nonlinear fiber wavelength converters, unicast/multicast output and a single EAM for 80- to 10 Gb/s packet demultiplexing (2003)

We demonstrate for the first time two hops of all-optical label swapping of variable length 80 Gb/s packets and 10 Gb/s optical labels, with unicast/multicast capability using an all-optical fiber cross-phase modulation wavelength converter.
Elucidating the Instability of Random Access Wireless Mesh Networks (2009)

We investigate both theoretically and experimentally the stability of CSMA-based wireless mesh networks, where a network is said to be stable if and only if the queue of each relay node remains (almost surely) finite. We identify two key factors that impact stability: the network size and the so-called "stealing effect", a consequence of the hidden node problem and non-zero propagation delays. We consider the case of a greedy source and prove, by using Foster's theorem, that 3-hop networks are stable, but only if the stealing effect is accounted for. On the other hand, we prove that 4-hop networks are always unstable (even with the stealing effect) and show by simulations that instability extends to more complex linear and non-linear topologies. We devise a stabilization strategy that throttles the source and prove that there exists a finite, non-zero rate at which the source can transmit while keeping the system stable. We run real experiments on a testbed composed of IEEE 802.11 nodes, which show the contrasting behavior of 3-hop and 4-hop networks and the effectiveness of our stabilization strategy.
Edge-based directional fuzzy filter for compression artifact reduction in JPEG images (2008)

We propose a novel method to reduce both blocking and ringing artifacts in compressed images and videos. Based on the directional characteristics of ringing artifacts along edges, we use a directional fuzzy filter which is adaptive to the direction of the ringing artifact. The filter exploits the spatial order, the rank order and the spread information of the signal together with the position of the pixels to enhance the quality of the compressed image. Simulations results on compressed images and videos having simple and complex edges show the improvement of the proposed directional fuzzy filter over the conventional fuzzy filtering and other approaches.
Exploring Conversion of Biphasic Catalytic Reactions:  Analytical Solution and Parameter Study (2007)

Conversion, yield, selectivity, and catalyst consumption are among the key targets of chemical reactions in general and are particularly important for industrial application of reactions since they are the measure of overall reaction efficiency. Biphasic systems are commonly applied in the chemical industry, especially in catalytic reactions. Because of the number of physically important parameters and their interdependencies, it is difficult to predict thermodynamic conversion and yield for biphasic systems. The results of this work allow the prediction of the maximum conversion as well as the yield of any catalyzed biphasic reaction. Analytical solutions for both conversion and yield as a function of substrate ratio, phase volume ratio, equilibrium constant, and partition coefficients are given. General trends and interdependencies of the parameters of interest are discussed. The theoretical considerations are compared to experimental results. Even though simplifications were applied, the predictions fit well with the experimental outcome.
Application of the Rubber Panel Structure for Railway Crossings (2007)

As the public application of the railway and the road increases, properly functioning and safe railway crossing between two means of transportation becomes more important. In the past, materials such as wood, asphalt, and steel were used for railway crossing panel. As these materials showed various drawbacks, the rubber panel was introduced for railway crossing panel. To encourage the use of the rubber panel, the structural action analyses of rubber panel were studied. In this research, using the finite-element method (FEM), several structural properties were analyzed and presented including the eigenvalue, stress, and displacement by a passing truck’s weight, and the thermal stress induced by the railway track.
Microendoscopic diskectomy and interbody fusion (MEDIF): Results of a minimally invasive technique (2005)

SUMMARY. Minimally invasive surgery techniques for the cervical spine such as anterior microendoscopic diskectomy and interbody fusion (MEDIF) to treat degenerative disease with central cord compression are not managed by all spine surgeons and yet they may be one of the treatments of choice. This study reports a series of patients treated with the METRx® system. Objectives. To show the clinical and surgical results of minimally invasive techniques in treating cervical degenerative disease. Material and methods. Between February 1998 and August 2002, a prospective study was conducted to assess the MEDIF treatment with threaded titanium cages in patients with cervical root disease with and without myelopathy. We used an endoscopic system to perform the surgical procedures and follow-up was based on the Odom clinical criteria and Xrays. Results. Forty-four patients were operated on (53 levels); 86% of them had good or excellent results; 89% had fusion. No implant migration was seen. Three patients required foraminotomy within 12 months after surgery because of unilateral radiculopathy at a cervical level other than the one treated. The average hospital stay was 12 hours and 75% of patients were able to return to work within 30 days after surgery.
Self-assembled monolayer facilitates epithelial-mesenchymal interactions mimicking odontogenesis (2014)

Cell-cell interactions are vital for embryonic organ development and normal function of differentiated cells and tissues. In this study we have developed a self-assembled monolayer-based co-culture system to study tooth morphogenesis. Specifically, we designed a 2-D microenvironment present in the dental tissue by creating a well-structured, laterally organized epithelial and mesenchymal cell co-culture system by patterning the cell-attachment substrate. Chemical modifications were used to develop tunable surface patterns to facilitate epithelial-mesenchymal interactions mimicking the developing tooth. Such a design promoted interactions between monolayer's of the 2 cell types and provided signaling cues that resulted in cellular differentiation and mineralized matrix formation. Gene expression analysis showed that these co-cultures mimicked in-vivo conditions than monolayer cultures of a single cell type.