gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A low-profile unidirectional antenna enabled by interdigital capacitor loaded metasurface (2014)

In this paper, a compact footprint and low-profile metasurface-enabled unidirectional antenna that operates from 4.11GHz to 4.26GHz with a center frequency at 4.2GHz is presented. The miniaturized metasurface, which has a reflection phase of -150 degree at 4.2GHz, was made possible by interdigital capacitor loading, resulting in a unit cell with an electrical dimension of only 0.02λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . A finite-sized metasurface with two by three elements was integrated with a planar microstrip fed monopole antenna, enabling a total antenna footprint of around 0.13λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and a thickness of 0.05λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> . Full-wave simulations show that, even with such a small footprint, the antenna achieves a large front-to-back ratio and a high gain within the targeted operational frequency band.
VisDB: database exploration using multidimensional visualization (1994)

Discusses how the VisDB system supports the query specification process by representing the result visually. The main idea behind the system stems from the view of relational database tables as sets of multidimensional data where the number of attributes corresponds to the number of dimensions. In such a view, it is often unclear. In this system, each display pixel represents one database item. Pixels are arranged and colored to indicate the item's relevance to a user query and to give a visual impression of the resulting data set.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
GABA controls the level of quorum-sensing signal in Agrobacterium tumefaciens (2006)

The concentration of GABA increases rapidly in wounded plant tissues, but the implication of this GABA pulse for plant-bacteria interactions is not known. Here we reveal that GABA stimulated the inactivation of the N-(3-oxooctanoyl)homoserine lactone (OC8-HSL) quorum-sensing signal (or "quormone") by the Agrobacterium lactonase AttM. GABA induced the expression of the attKLM operon, which was correlated to a decrease in OC8-HSL concentration in Agrobacterium tumefaciens cultures. The Agrobacterium GABA transporter Bra was required for this GABA-signaling pathway. Furthermore, transgenic tobacco plants with elevated GABA levels were less sensitive to A. tumefaciens C58 infection than were wild-type plants. These findings indicate that plant GABA may modulate quorum sensing in A. tumefaciens, thereby affecting its virulence on plants. Whereas GABA is an essential cell-to-cell signal in eukaryotes, here we provide evidence of GABA acting as a signal between eukaryotes and pathogenic bacteria. The GABA signal represents a potential target for the development of a strategy to control the virulence of bacterial pathogens.
Integrated Optical Intensity Modulator with Analog Waveform-Shaping Function for PAM-4 Signal (2020)

We devised an optical intensity modulator whose transfer function is an approximate four-level step function. The method employed to generate the required transfer function in the intensity domain is described, and the designed response is experimentally demonstrated using the fabricated modulator.
Conformationally Restricted TRH Analogs:  A Probe for the Pyroglutamate Region (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUELetterNEXTConformationally Restricted TRH Analogs: A Probe for the Pyroglutamate RegionLawrence D. Rutledge, Jeffery H. Perlman, Marvin C. Gershengorn, Garland R. Marshall, and Kevin D. MoellerView Author Information Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology and Pharmacology and Center for Molecular Design, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, and Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical CollegeThe New York Hospital, New York, New York 10021 Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 1996, 39, 8, 1571–1574Publication Date (Web):April 12, 1996Publication History Received17 January 1996Published online12 April 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm960053khttps://doi.org/10.1021/jm960053krapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views200Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Conformation,Organic reactions,Peptides and proteins,Receptors Get e-Alerts
THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELING OF TRANSIENT HEAT TRANSFER ON A SOAKING PIT (1995)

A numerical study has been conducted for heat transfer in a soaking pit. A transient three-dimensional radiation-convection-conduction model is presented. Parametric simulations are performed to assess the effect of various operating parameters on the heat transfer to the ingots. Results have shown that, under typical operating conditions, forced convection and radiation account for approximately 75% and 25% of the total heat transfer to the ingots, respectively. Heat transfer is maximized for a specific distance between the ingots. The average heat transfer coefficient to the ingots is strongly influenced by the gas mass flow rate but is nearly independent of the inlet gas temperature and of the ingot length.
Evaluating and clustering retrosynthesis pathways with learned strategy (2020)

With recent advances in the computer-aided synthesis planning (CASP) powered by data science and machine learning, modern CASP programs can rapidly identify thousands of potential pathways for a given target molecule. However, the lack of a holistic pathway evaluation mechanism makes it challenging to systematically prioritize strategic pathways except for using some simple heuristics. Herein, we introduce a data-driven approach to evaluate the relative strategic levels of retrosynthesis pathways using a dynamic tree-structured long short-term memory (tree-LSTM) model. We first curated a retrosynthesis pathway database, containing 238k patent-extracted pathways along with ∼55 M artificial pathways generated from an open-source CASP program, ASKCOS. The tree-LSTM model was trained to differentiate patent-extracted and artificial pathways with the same target molecule in order to learn the strategic relationship among single-step reactions within the patent-extracted pathways. The model achieved a top-1 ranking accuracy of 79.1% to recognize patent-extracted pathways. In addition, the trained tree-LSTM model learned to encode pathway-level information into a representative latent vector, which can facilitate clustering similar pathways to help illustrate strategically diverse pathways generated from CASP programs.
Novel idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis susceptibility variants revealed by deep sequencing (2019)

This study reinforces the significant IPF associations of these loci and implicates <i>MUC5AC</i> as another key player in IPF susceptibility.
Translational biophotonics with Raman imaging: clinical applications and beyond (2021)

Clinical medicine continues to seek novel rapid non-invasive tools capable of providing greater insight into disease progression and management. Raman scattering based technologies constitute a set of tools under continuing development to address outstanding challenges spanning diagnostic medicine, surgical guidance, therapeutic monitoring, and histopathology. Here we review the mechanisms and clinical applications of Raman scattering, specifically focusing on high-speed imaging methods that can provide spatial context for translational biomedical applications.
OCSP over DNS (2012)

One of the most strategic problems for Internet Certification
Authorities (ICAs) is the provisioning of revocation information in an
efficient way. Current approaches for the distribution of OCSP
responses over HTTP do not provide efficient solutions for the high
volume of traffic that Internet CAs face when providing services for
highly utilized websites. This document describes a new transport
protocol for OCSP responses to efficiently provide revocation
information about digital certificates. In particular, this
specification defines how to distribute OCSP responses over DNS and
how to define OCSP-over-DNS URLs in certificates. The use of the DNS
system to distribute such information is meant to lower the costs of
providing revocation services and increase the availability of
revocation information by using the distributed nature of the DNS
infrastructure.
Single shot dual wavelength full field imaging in low coherence digital holographic microscopy (2012)

In off-axis digital holographic microscopy, short coherence length of the source results in an unwanted reduced field of view. A diffractive optical element (DOE) which combines two high efficiency transmission volume phase gratings holographically recorded into a thin photopolymer, is proposed to manipulate the coherence plane tilt of beam containing a plurality of wavelengths simultaneously. The DOE extends the interference pattern between object and reference beams in digital holographic microscope (DHM) over the whole physical beam overlap area. We experimentally demonstrate full field imaging in a commercial, two colors (685 nm and 794 nm) reflection digital holographic microscope (DHM). The synthetic wavelength created by the two colors extends the unambiguous depth range of the DHM from 0.39&mu;m to 2.49&mu;m .
Thin Film YBCO Pixels for MMW Detector (2008)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Information Aggregation and Optimized Actuation in Sensor Networks: Enabling Smart Electrical Grids (2007)

A large number of potential applications of sensor and actuator networks (SANETs) have emerged recently, for example in the areas of energy production and distribution and health care and telemedicine. SANETs integrate the tasks of sensing and actuation, the process of controlling the operation of a physical system by setting values for parameters of interest. Of particular importance in SANETs is the ability to set actuator parameters, typically depending on values observed by the sensors, so as to achieve a system-wide objective. However, SANETs with large number of nodes or covering wide geographical areas present scalability challenges that necessitate the use of summarization techniques resulting in sub-optimal actuation values. There is therefore a clear trade-off between the level of summarization and the quality of the computed actuation parameters. This paper focuses on two interdependent problems. The first is the issue of efficient aggregation and summarization of the measurements. The second is the distributed computation of optimal actuation parameters to achieve a system-wide objective. We first consider the problem under the assumption of semi-static sensed values and then extend our model to cover the general case where sensor state changes, triggering update events. We develop algorithms for efficient summarization of these events and demonstrate that they minimally impact optimal actuation. Our work is motivated by the domain of energy distribution networks and, in particular, intelligent electrical grids.
C-3- and C-4-Substituted Bicyclic Coumarin Sulfamates as Potent Steroid Sulfatase Inhibitors (2018)

Synthetic routes to potent bicyclic nonsteroidal sulfamate-based active-site-directed inhibitors of the enzyme steroid sulfatase (STS), an emerging target in the treatment of postmenopausal hormone-dependent diseases, including breast cancer, are described. Sulfamate analogs <b>9</b>-<b>27</b> and <b>28</b>-<b>46</b> of the core in vivo active two-ring coumarin template, modified at the 4- and 3-positions, respectively, were synthesized to expand structure-activity relationships. α-Alkylacetoacetates were used to synthesize coumarin sulfamate derivatives with 3-position modifications, and the bicyclic ring of other parent coumarins was primarily constructed via the Pechmann synthesis of hydroxyl coumarins. Compounds were examined for STS inhibition in intact MCF-7 breast cancer cells and in placental microsomes. Low nanomolar potency STS inhibitors were achieved, and some were found to inhibit the enzyme in MCF-7 cells ca. 100-500 more potently than the parent 4-methylcoumarin-7-<i>O</i>-sulfamate <b>3</b>, with the best compounds close in potency to the tricyclic clinical drug Irosustat. 3-Hexyl-4-methylcoumarin-7-<i>O</i>-sulfamate <b>29</b> and 3-benzyl-4-methylcoumarin-7-<i>O</i>-sulfamate <b>41</b> were particularly effective inhibitors with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 0.68 and 1 nM in intact MCF-7 cells and 8 and 32 nM for placental microsomal STS, respectively. They were docked into the STS active site for comparison with estrone 3-<i>O</i>-sulfamate and Irosustat, showing their sulfamate group close to the catalytic hydrated formylglycine residue and their pendant group lying between the hydrophobic sidechains of L103, F178, and F488. Such highly potent STS inhibitors expand the structure-activity relationship for these coumarin sulfamate-based agents that possess therapeutic potential and may be worthy of further development.
Multistage aqueous two‐phase extraction of a monoclonal antibody from cell supernatant (2015)

This article presents results of continuous multistage aqueous two-phase extraction of an immunoglobulin G1 from cell supernatant in a mixer-settler unit. An aqueous two-phase system consisting of polyethylene glycol 2000, phosphate salt, and water was applied without and with sodium chloride (NaCl). Influences of different parameters such as throughput, phase ratio, and stage number on the extraction performance were analyzed. For systems without NaCl, the extraction was carried out as a washing step. An increase of stage number from one to five stages enabled to increase the immunoglobulin G1 purity from 11.8 to 32.6% at a yield of nearly 90%. Furthermore, a reduction of product phase volume due to a higher phase ratio led to an increase of purity from 20.8 to 29.6% in a three-stage countercurrent extraction. For experiments with NaCl moderate partitioning conditions were adjusted by adding 8 wt% NaCl. In that case, the extraction was carried out as a stripping step.
Paper-based electroanalytical devices with an integrated, stable reference electrode (2013)

This paper describes the development of a referenced Electrochemical Paper-based Analytical Device (rEPAD) comprising a sample zone, a reference zone, and a connecting microfluidic channel that includes a central contact zone. We demonstrated that the rEPADs provide a simple system for direct and accurate voltammetric measurements that are referenced by an electrode with a constant, well-defined potential. The performance of the rEPADs is comparable to commercial electrochemical cells, and the layout can be easily integrated into systems that permit multiplexed analysis and pipette-free sampling. The cost of this portable device is sufficiently low that it could be for single-use, disposable applications, and its method of fabrication is compatible with that used for other paper-based systems.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel C‐Protecting Group in the Synthesis of Peptides. Part 1. Preparation of 2‐(1‐Adamantyl)‐2‐propanol Esters. (1989)

Abstract In the presence of conc.
Detailed uncertainty analysis of the electrically small antenna efficiency measurement (2016)

Radiation efficiency is a key performance indicator for multi-standards frequency agile electrically small antennas (ESA) that are mounted on wireless IoT sensors. One of the techniques to estimate it, consists to integrate, over all the angular directions, the gain measured in the far field condition. The gain-comparison method is usually implemented in the CEA LETI test bench; which requires an accurate knowledge of the standard horn gain. The introduction of a new RF-optical link to remove coaxial cable perturbation on ESA radiation, in our test bench has raised the opportunity to proceed to an error budget analysis. This paper delivers the main results of this study where the impact of several parameters such as the optical fiber movement, the horn positioning, the received power level, and the chamber imperfection have been evaluated. The three antennas method (one Vivaldi and two TEM standard horns) is carried on to estimate the complex transfer function of the three antennas. The overall goal is to estimate the detailed uncertainty analysis of the ESA efficiency measurement over a large frequency band. This work aims to identify the most impacting effects on uncertainty and to initiate the discussion with the AMTA community how to decrease them.
Miniaturized supercapacitors: key materials and structures towards autonomous and sustainable devices and systems (2016)

Supercapacitors (SCs) are playing a key role for the development of self-powered and self-sustaining integrated systems for different fields ranging from remote sensing, robotics and medical devices. SC miniaturization and integration into more complex systems that include energy harvesters and functional devices are valuable strategies that address system autonomy. Here, we discuss about novel SC fabrication and integration approaches. Specifically, we report about the results of interdisciplinary activities on the development of thin, flexible SCs by an additive technology based on Supersonic Cluster Beam Deposition (SCBD) to be implemented into supercapacitive electrolyte gated transistors and supercapacitive microbial fuel cells. Such systems integrate at materials level the specific functions of devices, like electric switch or energy harvesting with the reversible energy storage capability. These studies might open new frontiers for the development and application of new multifunction-energy storage elements.
Conditional Contrastive Learning: Removing Undesirable Information in Self-Supervised Representations. (2021)

Self-supervised learning is a form of unsupervised learning that leverages rich information in data to learn representations. However, data sometimes contains certain information that may be undesirable for downstream tasks. For instance, gender information may lead to biased decisions on many gender-irrelevant tasks. In this paper, we develop conditional contrastive learning to remove undesirable information in self-supervised representations. To remove the effect of the undesirable variable, our proposed approach conditions on the undesirable variable (i.e., by fixing the variations of it) during the contrastive learning process. In particular, inspired by the contrastive objective InfoNCE, we introduce Conditional InfoNCE (C-InfoNCE), and its computationally efficient variant, Weak-Conditional InfoNCE (WeaC-InfoNCE), for conditional contrastive learning. We demonstrate empirically that our methods can successfully learn self-supervised representations for downstream tasks while removing a great level of information related to the undesirable variables. We study three scenarios, each with a different type of undesirable variables: task-irrelevant meta-information for self-supervised speech representation learning, sensitive attributes for fair representation learning, and domain specification for multi-domain visual representation learning.
Coarse and Ultra-Fine Scale Compartmentalization by Downhole Fluid Analysis (2005)

This paper was selected for presentation by an IPTC Programme Committee following review of information contained in a proposal submitted by the author(s). Contents of the paper, as presented, have not been reviewed by the International Petroleum Technology Conference and are subject to correction by the author(s). The material, as presented, does not necessarily reflect any position of the International Petroleum Technology Conference, its officers, or members. Papers presented at IPTC are subject to publication review by Sponsor Society Committees of IPTC. Electronic reproduction, distribution, or storage of any part of this paper for commercial purposes without the written consent of the International Petroleum Technology Conference is prohibited. Permission to reproduce in print is restricted to an abstract of not more than 300 words; illustrations may not be copied. The abstract must contain conspicuous acknowledgment of where and by whom the paper was presented. Write Librarian, IPTC, P.O. Box 833836, Richardson, TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435.
NMR mapping of RANTES surfaces interacting with CCR5 using linked extracellular domains (2013)

Chemokines constitute a large family of small proteins that regulate leukocyte trafficking to the site of inflammation by binding to specific cell-surface receptors belonging to the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily. The interactions between N-terminal (Nt-) peptides of these GPCRs and chemokines have been studied extensively using NMR spectroscopy. However, because of the lower affinities of peptides representing the three extracellular loops (ECLs) of chemokine receptors to their respective chemokine ligands, information concerning these interactions is scarce. To overcome the low affinity of ECL peptides to chemokines, we linked two or three CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) extracellular domains using either biosynthesis in Escherichia coli or chemical synthesis. Using such chimeras, CCR5 binding to RANTES was followed using (1)H-(15)N-HSQC spectra to monitor titration of the chemokine with peptides corresponding to the extracellular surface of the receptor. Nt-CCR5 and ECL2 were found to be the major contributors to CCR5 binding to RANTES, creating an almost closed ring around this protein by interacting with opposing faces of the chemokine. A RANTES positively charged surface involved in Nt-CCR5 binding resembles the positively charged surface in HIV-1 gp120 formed by the C4 and the base of the third variable loop of gp120 (V3). The opposing surface on RANTES, composed primarily of β2-β3 hairpin residues, binds ECL2 and was found to be analogous to a surface in the crown of the gp120 V3. The chemical and biosynthetic approaches for linking GPCR surface regions discussed herein should be widely applicable to the investigation of interactions of extracellular segments of chemokine receptors with their respective ligands.