gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The 2D electric field above a planar sequence of independent strip electrodes (2000)

This paper describes an analytical solution for the electrostatic potential and electric field in dielectrophoretic (DEP) microfluidic devices. DEP devices are engineered to be DNA concentrators in automated, flow-through systems of sample preparation for biological assays. DEP devices deflect and trap particles suspended in liquid flows because macromolecular particles polarize in response to an electric field, and the coupling of this polarization with the field alters particle motions. The DEP effect is proportional to ∇(E·E). The electric field is produced by a sequence of independent strip electrodes and is two dimensional throughout the volume of the flow. As the potentials used in DEP devices are low-frequency sinusoids, the field of interest is the gradient of the squared root-mean-square (rms) of the electric field, ∇Erms2. An example of this field is shown.
Targeted Tumor-Penetrating siRNA Nanocomplexes for Credentialing the Ovarian Cancer Target ID4 (2012)

The comprehensive characterization of a large number of cancer genomes will eventually lead to a compendium of genetic alterations in specific cancers. Unfortunately, the number and complexity of identified alterations complicate endeavors to identify biologically relevant mutations critical for tumor maintenance, because many of these targets are not amenable to manipulation by small molecules or antibodies. RNAi provides a direct way to study putative cancer targets; however, specific delivery of therapeutics to the tumor parenchyma remains an intractable problem. We describe a platform for the discovery and initial validation of cancer targets, composed of a systematic effort to identify amplified and essential genes in human cancer cell lines and tumors partnered with a novel modular delivery technology. We developed a tumor-penetrating nanocomplex (TPN) comprised of siRNA complexed with a tandem tumor-penetrating and membrane-translocating peptide, which enabled the specific delivery of siRNA deep into the tumor parenchyma. We employed TPN in vivo to evaluate inhibitor of DNA binding 4 (ID4) as a novel oncogene. Treatment of ovarian tumor-bearing mice with ID4-specific TPN suppressed growth of established tumors and significantly improved survival. These observations not only credential ID4 as an oncogene in 32% of high-grade ovarian cancers, but also provide a framework for the identification, validation, and understanding of potential therapeutic cancer targets.
Choice and normalization of contrast ultrasound parameters for detection of anti-angiogenic response (2011)

Contrast ultrasound can detect perfusion modifications during anti-angiogenic therapy preceding tumor size regression. However, contrast imaging would benefit from better standardization of the technique. This work compared discrimination of renal neuroblastoma (Wilm's tumor) in placebo and Sorafenib-treated mice using Sonovue microbubbles. Orthotopic renal neuroblastoma tumors were induced in 15 nude mice randomized into a control and a treated group. Conventional and contrast ultrasound were performed periodically prior to and up to 8 day after onset of therapy. At each day of contrast ultrasonography, tumor size was monitored and three replenishment parameters (relative blood volume (rBV), mean transit time (mTT) and wash in rate (WiR)) were measured. Measurements were made with and without normalization with respect to flow in adjacent renal cortex. No significant difference in tumor size between treated and nontreated groups was detected, even at study end. Normalization reduced estimate variability due to injection and improved functional contrast assessment. After normalization, the WiR parameter (nWiR) provided significant discrimination between the placebo and treated groups (p=0.05 at 6 days of treatment). The nWiR parameter was more sensitive to differences between the two groups than were nmTT and nrBV. Results demonstrate the importance of choice in perfusion parameters for follow-up of anti-angiogenic therapy and demonstrate the interest of parameter normalization.
Apple peel intestinal atresia in siblings with ocular anomalies and microcephaly (1993)

Two siblings who presented shortly after birth with signs of upper intestinal obstruction were successfully operated for apple peel jejunal atresia. In addition to intestinal malformations, both siblings exhibited severe microcephaly and ocular abnormalities not previously reported in this condition.
Optical Contrast of Passivated Graphene Films. (2017)

Abstract not provided.
Effect of electric-field-induced capillary attraction on the motion of particles at an oil–water interface (2007)

Here, we investigate experimentally and theoretically the motion of spherical glass particles of radii 240-310 microm attached to a tetradecane-water interface. Pairs of particles, which are moving toward each other under the action of lateral capillary force, are observed by optical microscopy. The purpose is to check whether the particle electric charges influence the particle motion, and whether an electric-field-induced capillary attraction could be detected. The particles have been hydrophobized by using two different procedures, which allow one to prepare charged and uncharged particles. To quantify the hydrodynamic viscous effects, we developed a semiempirical quantitative approach, whose validity was verified by control experiments with uncharged particles. An appropriate trajectory function was defined, which should increase linearly with time if the particle motion is driven solely by the gravity-induced capillary force. The analysis of the experimental results evidences for the existence of an additional attraction between two like-charged particles at the oil-water interface. This attraction exceeds the direct electrostatic repulsion between the two particles and leads to a noticeable acceleration of their motion.
Temperature-Controlled High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Using A Uniformly Sized Temperature-Responsive Polymer-Based Packing Material (1995)

Uniformly sized polymer-based packing materials modified with a temperature-responsive polymeric selector, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), on either the internal or the external surface were prepared by an in situ surface-selective modification method. These packing materials were utilized as stationary phases in reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography to evaluate their ability to thermally control chromatographic separation selectivity. A packing material having a modified internal surface showed temperature-dependent separation selectivity in drug separation. Drugs that could not be separated below the phase transition temperature of the poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) selector were separated faster and with much better resolution above the phase transition temperature, while the unmodified base packing material afforded worse resolution of the drugs above the phase transition temperature due to the peak overlapping resulting from faster elution of all the solutes employed. In addition, a packing material modified on the external surface showed a temperature-responsive shift of the elution region for a polypeptide such as BSA, which was thought to be useful in direct injection of a serum sample.
Untethered small-scale magnetic soft robot with programmable magnetization and integrated multifunctional modules (2022)

Intelligent magnetic soft robots capable of programmable structural changes and multifunctionality modalities depend on material architectures and methods for controlling magnetization profiles. While some efforts have been made, there are still key challenges in achieving programmable magnetization profile and creating heterogeneous architectures. Here, we directly embed programmed magnetization patterns (magnetization modules) into the adhesive sticker layers to construct soft robots with programmable magnetization profiles and geometries and then integrate spatially distributed functional modules. Functional modules including temperature and ultraviolet light sensing particles, pH sensing sheets, oil sensing foams, positioning electronic component, circuit foils, and therapy patch films are integrated into soft robots. These test beds are used to explore multimodal robot locomotion and various applications related to environmental sensing and detection, circuit repairing, and gastric ulcer coating, respectively. This proposed approach to engineering modular soft material systems has the potential to expand the functionality, versatility, and adaptability of soft robots.
Tuning limits of shunt varactor diodes for maintaining high OIP<inf>3</inf> in arbitrary circuits (2015)

For the first time, an analytical formula is presented for calculating the OIP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> of any arbitrary circuit with a single shunt varactor diode. Additionally, numerical calculation of the limits on varactor tuning range when a specific OIP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> is desired is discussed, and a commercial varactor is found to maintain 44% of its tuning range with a OIP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> > 37 dBm.
1651: Molecular Prognostic Modeling Using Protein Expression Profile in Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma (2004)

You have accessJournal of UrologyTuesday, May 11, 2004, 1:00 - 3:00 pm1 Apr 20041651: Molecular Prognostic Modeling Using Protein Expression Profile in Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma Hyung L. Kim, David B. Seligson, Nicolette Janzen, Matthew H. Bui, Robert A. Figlin, Steve Horvath, and Arie S. Belldegrun Hyung L. KimHyung L. Kim More articles by this author , David B. SeligsonDavid B. Seligson More articles by this author , Nicolette JanzenNicolette Janzen More articles by this author , Matthew H. BuiMatthew H. Bui More articles by this author , Robert A. FiglinRobert A. Figlin More articles by this author , Steve HorvathSteve Horvath More articles by this author , and Arie S. BelldegrunArie S. Belldegrun More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)38859-1AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "1651: Molecular Prognostic Modeling Using Protein Expression Profile in Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma." The Journal of Urology, 171(4S), p. 436 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 171Issue 4SApril 2004Page: 436 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Hyung L. Kim More articles by this author David B. Seligson More articles by this author Nicolette Janzen More articles by this author Matthew H. Bui More articles by this author Robert A. Figlin More articles by this author Steve Horvath More articles by this author Arie S. Belldegrun More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
InAs nanocrystals on SiO2∕Si by molecular beam epitaxy for memory applications (2007)

International audience
Photoinduced Ordering of Block Copolymers (2011)

Photoinduced ordering of disordered block copolymers (BCPs) would provide an on-demand, nonintrusive route for formation of well-ordered nanostructures in arbitrarily defined regions of an otherwise disordered material. Here we achieve this objective using a rapid and simple approach in which photoconversion of an additive blended with the BCP introduces strong interactions between the additive and one of the chain segments and induces strong order in the BCP blend. The strategy is generally applicable to block copolymers containing chain segments capable of hydrogen bonding with the additive.
Nanoengineered devices for solar energy conversion (2017)

Nanoengineered materials have exciting, untapped potential to develop high performance solar energy conversion systems. One example is in solar thermophotovoltaic devices, where solar energy can be harvested by converting broadband sunlight to narrowband thermal radiation tuned for a photovoltaic cell. We show how nanoengineered surfaces including a carbon nanotube absorber, photonic crystal emitter and a tandem plasma-interference optical filter can play important roles in defining the spectral characteristics. Accordingly, we report solar-to-electrical conversion efficiencies of 6.8%, exceeding that of the underlying cell. Such nanoengineered materials also have important implications for various other solar thermal devices to address important needs in energy sustainability.
Vasculogenesis in kidney organoids upon transplantation (2022)

Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived kidney organoids have potential for disease modeling and to be developed into clinically transplantable auxiliary tissue. However, they lack a functional vasculature, and the sparse endogenous endothelial cells (ECs) are lost upon prolonged culture in vitro, limiting maturation and applicability. Here, we use intracoelomic transplantation in chicken embryos followed by single-cell RNA sequencing and advanced imaging platforms to induce and study vasculogenesis in kidney organoids. We show expansion of human organoid-derived ECs that reorganize into perfused capillaries and form a chimeric vascular network with host-derived blood vessels. Ligand-receptor analysis infers extensive potential interactions of human ECs with perivascular cells upon transplantation, enabling vessel wall stabilization. Perfused glomeruli display maturation and morphogenesis to capillary loop stage. Our findings demonstrate the beneficial effect of vascularization on not only epithelial cell types, but also the mesenchymal compartment, inducing the expansion of ´on target´ perivascular stromal cells, which in turn are required for further maturation and stabilization of the neo-vasculature. The here described vasculogenic capacity of kidney organoids will have to be deployed to achieve meaningful glomerular maturation and kidney morphogenesis in vitro.
Modulating Cellular Autophagy for Controlled Antiretroviral Drug Release (2018)

Autophagy inducing agents, notably URMC-099, facilitate nanoformulated ARV depots and lead to sustained release and improved antiretroviral responses. As such, they may be considered for development as part of long acting antiretroviral treatment regimens.
13C NMR of solid polymers and of solids related to polymer composites (1982)

Powder anisotropy patterns for the cis and trans isomers of polyacetylene show that , the principal value associated with the axis perpendicular to the molecular plane, is most affected by the isomeric state (trans -51 ppm (TMS), cis -20 ppm, benzene -1 ppm). Magic angle spinning spectra of bromine doped polyacetylene clearly reveal bromination of the double bond; no Knight shift is observed. In DGEBA epoxy polymers MAS reveals that the phenyl rings of the DGEBA are locked into position at low temperatures in such a way that the phenyl carbons have become inequivalent, as shown by low temperature splittings of their lines. These peaks from inequivalent carbons coalesce pairwise over a broad temperature range to single lines. Our current interpretation is that there is a broad distribution of activation energies for this process, with a mean of 14.3 kcal/mol and a spread of 2.1 kcal/mol. Other more fundamental explanations to this phenomenon are considered. Spectra and derived data are also presented and discussed for (a) partially oxidized poly-thio--tetramethylene, (b) polystyrene-divinylbenzene based ion exchanged resins, (c) surface modified, leached, asbestos fibers, (d) the natural polymers of oil shale, and (a) a model ordered epitaxial system -benzene adsorbed in clay. In connection with the latter, an equation which allows calculation of spectra for partially ordered uniaxial systems is presented; it applies to axially symmetric tensors for any angle between the director and the magnetic field.
Methodologies for Quantitative Systems Pharmacology (QSP) Models: Design and Estimation (2017)

With the increased interest in the application of quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) models within medicine research and development, there is an increasing need to formalize model development and verification aspects. In February 2016, a workshop was held at Roche Pharma Research and Early Development to focus discussions on two critical methodological aspects of QSP model development: optimal structural granularity and parameter estimation. We here report in a perspective article a summary of presentations and discussions.
Wideband sensitive THz core for application integration (2015)

Summary form only given. A compact camera core designed for application integration is introduce. The camera core shows high sensitivity over a wide spectral range.
Pressure heterogeneity in small displacement electrohydraulic forming processes (2010)

Electrohydraulic (submerged arc discharge) forming of sheet metal parts has been used as a specialized high speed forming method since the 1960 s. The parts formed generally had a major dimension in the 5 to 25 cm range and required gross metal expansion in the centimeter range. In the descriptions of this process found in the literature, the pressure front emanating from the initial plasma generated by the arc is considered to be uniformly spherical in nature. At least one commercial system used this model to design hardware for pressure front focusing to optimize the forming process[1] and it has been the subject of continued research [2]. Recently, there has been commercial interest in adopting the electro-hydraulic method for the production of much smaller parts requiring very high die contact pressures but little gross sheet expansion. The forming of these small shallow parts required only a few kilojoules but proved to be problematic in other terms. The process development clearly showed indications of random patterns of large pressure heterogeneity across distances in the millimeter range. The apparent pressure heterogeneity produced unacceptable small scale variation in the part geometry. A test program was designed to verify and quantify this effect using a target (die) consisting of a flat plate having small closely spaced holes. This 50 mm diameter target proved very effective in clearly showing the extent of the heterogeneity as well as the approximate local pressures. Various discharge energies were investigated along with different chamber shapes and pressure transfer mediums. The pressure heterogeneity across the target face was a common feature to all experiments. These test results indicate that a uniform pressure front model can be seriously in error for the electrohydraulic process as implemented to date. The results of a qualitative hydro-code model of the test system including the discharge event are presented. The model results are similar enough to the experimental to imply that the coaxial electrode s inherent off center discharge is a primary suspect among potential explanations for the observed heterogeneity in terms of asymmetric shock interaction. The absence of this phenomena in the earlier electrohydraulic forming literature is also discussed.
Identification of a Novel Serum Response Factor Cofactor in Cardiac Gene Regulation (2004)

The transcription factor serum response factor (SRF) plays an important role in the regulation of a variety of cardiac genes during development and during adult aging. A novel SRF cofactor, herein called p49/STRAP, for SRF-dependent transcription regulation-associated protein, was recently identified in our laboratory. This protein interacted mainly with the transcriptional activation domain of the SRF protein and was found to bind to SRF or to the complex of SRF and another cofactor, such as myocardin or Nkx2.5. The expression of p49/STRAP affected the promoter activity of SRF target genes in a non-uniform manner. For example, p49 activated MLC2v and cardiac actin promoters when it was co-transfected with SRF, but it repressed atrial natriuretic factor promoter activity, which was strongly induced by myocardin. The p49/STRAP mRNA was observed to be highly expressed in fetal, adult, and senescent human hearts, and also in hearts of young adult and old mice, suggesting that p49/STRAP may be an important SRF cofactor in the transcriptional regulation of mammalian cardiac muscle genes throughout the life span.
Data from Virtualized Hardware Logic Computations (2020)

Data files supporting paper. Paper abstract: Visualization of logic computations (i.e., by sharing a fixed function across distinct data streams) provides a means to effectively utilize hardware resources by context switching the logic to support multiple data streams of computation and to improve the total throughput of all streams. Context switching allows the pipeline stages of the logic to be fully utilized when feedback is present and to support additional contexts using secondary memory. In this paper, we analyze the performance of a virtualized hardware design and develop M/G/1 queueing model equations to predict circuit performance. The server is modeled using a general distribution that takes vacations during the computation of an individual data stream. Using the model, we predict circuit performance and tune a schedule for optimal performance.
Improved delivery of broadly neutralizing antibodies by nanocapsules suppresses SHIV infection in the CNS of infant rhesus macaques (2021)

Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) directed to HIV-1 have shown promise at suppressing viremia in animal models. However, the use of bNAbs for the central nervous system (CNS) infection is confounded by poor penetration of the blood brain barrier (BBB). Typically, antibody concentrations in the CNS are extremely low; with levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) only 0.1% of blood concentrations. Using a novel nanotechnology platform, which we term nanocapsules, we show effective transportation of the human bNAb PGT121 across the BBB in infant rhesus macaques upon systemic administration up to 1.6% of plasma concentration. We demonstrate that a single dose of PGT121 encased in nanocapsules when delivered at 48h post-infection delays early acute infection with SHIVSF162P3 in infants, with one of four animals demonstrating viral clearance. Importantly, the nanocapsule delivery of PGT121 improves suppression of SHIV infection in the CNS relative to controls.
Supplementary Data S7 from Optimizing precision medicine for breast cancer brain metastases with functional drug response assessment. (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDX molecular profiling&lt;/p&gt;
Immunotoxicity of Medical Devices☆☆☆ (1997)

Determination of the ability of a medical device to interact with the immune system currently involves assessment of the immunogenic potential and biocompatibility of the device or an extract of the device. However, implants are often in the body for extended periods of time and/or are placed by a surgical procedure that in and of itself will generate an acute inflammatory response. This symposium discussed studies that have been performed to evaluate the immunogenicity of various devices consisting of several different compositions (i.e., silicone, metals, and latex) in contact with different anatomical sites, the ability of a device to modulate an inflammatory response generated by a surgical procedure or trauma, and the response of the body to a material left in place for extended periods of time. This symposium brought together scientists from many different disciplines to begin to identify and fill in the gaps in this area.