gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low Complexity Interference Cancellation Method for mMTC Devices (2019)

For the massive Machine Type Communications (mMTC) service, a large number of devices can be connected simultaneously and the repetition signals that contain the same data can be transmitted to increase the received signal strength. Therefore, a multi-user transmission is required because the BS supports many devices by using limited radio resources. To manage inter-user interference (IUI) by multi-user transmission, a low-cost receiver that can cancel IUI is required because conventional MTC devices are low cost and low complexity. In this paper, a simple IUI cancellation method for the mMTC devices is proposed. The proposed method can measure IUI by using blank resources that are the parts of repetition signals, and it cancels IUI by subtracting the measured IUI at a signal-level. After canceling IUI, the mMTC device combines the signals to increase the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The block error rate (BLER) performances are investigated in a time-invariant channel and a time-varying channel, and the simulation results show that the proposed method can manage IUI successfully.
Macrostructure of the tomato telomeres. (1991)

The macrostructure of the tomato telomeres has been investigated by in situ hybridization, genomic sequencing, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. In situ hybridizations with a cloned telomeric sequence from Arabidopsis thaliana indicated that the telomeric repeat of tomato cross-hybridizes with that of Arabidopsis and is located at all telomeres. Bal31 digestion kinetics confirmed that the tomato telomeric repeat represents the outermost DNA sequence of each tomato chromosome. Genomic sequencing of enriched tomato telomeric sequences, using primers derived from the Arabidopsis sequence, revealed that the consensus sequence of the tomato telomeric repeat is TT(T/A)AGGG compared with the Arabidopsis consensus sequence of TTTAGGG. Furthermore, as shown by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, the telomeric repeat of tomato is separated by not more than a few hundred kilobases from a previously described 162-base pair satellite DNA repeat of tomato (TGR I) at 20 of the 24 telomeres. Together, these sequences are found in the heterochromatic terminal knob observed in pachytene chromosomes. Therefore, these two repeats determine the structure of 20 of the 24 tomato chromosome ends over approximately 2% of the total chromosome length.
Down syndrome is associated with altered frequency and functioning of tracheal multiciliated cells, and response to influenza virus infection (2023)

Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) clinically manifest severe respiratory illnesses; however, there is a paucity of data on how DS influences homeostatic physiology of lung airway, and its reactive responses to pulmonary pathogens. We generated well-differentiated ciliated airway epithelia using tracheas from wild-type and Dp(16)1/Yey mice <i>in vitro</i>, and discovered that Dp(16)1/Yey epithelia have significantly lower abundance of ciliated cells, an altered ciliary beating profile, and reduced mucociliary transport. Interestingly, both sets of differentiated epithelia released similar quantities of viral particles after infection with influenza A virus (IAV). However, RNA-sequencing and proteomic analyses revealed an immune hyperreactive phenotype particularly for monocyte-recruiting chemokines in Dp(16)1/Yey epithelia. Importantly, when we challenged mice <i>in vivo</i> with IAV, we observed immune hyper-responsiveness in Dp(16)1/Yey mice, evidenced by higher quantities of lung airway infiltrated monocytes, and elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Our findings illuminate mechanisms underlying DS-mediated pathophysiological changes in airway epithelium.
Synthesis of Peptides Using Tert-Butyloxycarbonyl (Boc) as the α-Amino Protection Group (2013)

The use of the tert-butyloxycarbonyl (Boc) as the Nα-amino protecting group in peptide synthesis can be advantageous in several cases, such as synthesis of hydrophobic peptides and peptides containing ester and thioester moieties. The primary challenge of using Boc SPPS is the need for treatment of the resin-bound peptide with hazardous hydrogen fluoride (HF), which requires special equipment.
Knowledge Graph of University Campus Issues and Application of Completion Methods (2019)

Contemporary societies face many urban issues. To address these issues, governments, corporations and individuals should disclose and share their related statistical and sensory data. However, existing published data appear in various formats and contain defects. Therefore, few problems have been solved using these data. In this research, we sought to address this problem, by considering a university campus as a microcosm of society, designed data integration schema, and consolidated data into a knowledge graph. We then, applied and modified existing completion methods. In particular, regarding the bicycle environment, we trained our knowledge graph and evaluated it with the conventional method and our proposed derivative method, respectively. Using approximately 650 parking data with various dates and times, our method correctly estimated 54.5 more bicycles than the conventional method by comparing each time's mean absolute error.
Raman spectroscopy using a fiber optic probe with subwavelength aperture (1994)

Raman spectroscopy with subwavelength spatial resolution of a diamond sample was recorded using a tapered fiber optical probe in conjunction with a conventional Raman spectrometer. The experiment demonstrates the potential of suboptical wavelength resolution analytical spectroscopy. The tapered fiber optical probe with an aperture of around 100 nm, served as the means for delivering pump radiation while simultaneously collecting the Stokes radiation from the diamond specimen. Comparing the magnitude of the Raman scattering measured with the submicron single mode fiber probe to similar signals obtained with a nontapered probe made of the same type of fiber, illustrates the potential increase in effective optical aperture resulting from the close approach of the fiber to the surface.
Assimilação de carbono em plantas forrageiras (2019)

O aumento descontrolado da emissão dos gases de efeito estufa, especialmente o dióxido de carbono (CO2), afetará diretamente as plantas, devido à influência do dióxido de carbono nos processos fotossintéticos. No entanto, as consequências ambientais não se restringem apenas a esse incremento de gases na atmosfera. Deve-se considerar o aumento simultâneo da temperatura do ar e uma redução da qualidade e quantidade dos recursos hídricos. O impacto das mudanças climáticas sobre a agricultura refere-se, principalmente, na queda da produtividade e diminuição de áreas adequadas à condução de lavouras. Diante deste problema, é crescente o número de pesquisas registrando que os efeitos do enriquecimento de CO2 na atmosfera sobre a produtividade dos sistemas agrícolas dependerão da via fotossintética das espécies. Desse modo, o principal interesse deste estudo é auxiliar na compreensão dos mecanismos de fixação do CO2 e no processo de resposta das plantas forrageiras, aos fatores ambientais que afetam a assimilação de carbono, visto o cenário preocupante das mudanças climáticas e a influência direta destas nas estratégias de manejo das pastagens e no planejamento da oferta de alimento durante o ano.
Tunable VUV frequency comb for 229mTh nuclear spectroscopy (2022)

Laser spectroscopy of the <sup>229m</sup>Th nuclear clock transition is necessary for the future construction of a nuclear-based optical clock. Precision laser sources with broad spectral coverage in the vacuum ultraviolet are needed for this task. Here, we present a tunable vacuum-ultraviolet frequency comb based on cavity-enhanced seventh-harmonic generation. Its tunable spectrum covers the current uncertainty range of the <sup>229m</sup>Th nuclear clock transition.
Building customizable auto-luminescent luciferase-based reporters in plants (2019)

Abstract Bioluminescence is a powerful biological signal that scientists have repurposed to design reporters for gene expression in plants and animals. However, there are some downsides associated with the need to provide a substrate to these reporters, such as its high cost and non-uniform tissue penetration. In this work we reconstitute a fungal bioluminescence pathway (FBP) in planta using an easily composable toolbox of parts. We demonstrate that the FBP can create luminescence across various tissues in a broad range of plants without external substrate addition. We also show how our toolbox can be used to deploy the FBP in planta to build auto-luminescent reporters for the study of gene-expression and hormone fluxes. A low-cost imaging platform for gene expression profiling is also described. These experiments lay the groundwork for the future construction of programmable auto-luminescent plant traits, such as creating light driven plant-pollinator interactions or light emitting plant-based sensors.
Low Power FSK Receiver Using an Oscillator-Based Injection-Locked Frequency Divider (2014)

This letter presents a novel frequency-shift keying (FSK) receiver using an oscillator-based injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD), thereby achieving high sensitivity, low dc-offset, and low power consumption. The proposed receiver comprises a low-noise amplifier, a divide-by-2 ring-oscillator-based ILFD, and a subharmonic mixer. Moreover, the proposed receiver is fabricated using 0.18 μm CMOS process and consumes 1.1 mW. Measurement results demonstrate that the proposed receiver has a sensitivity of -83 dBm at 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> bit error rate with 1 Mb/s data rate in receiving a 2.4 GHz Gaussian FSK signal.
CAVE: Cerebral Artery-Vein Segmentation in Digital Subtraction Angiography (2022)

Cerebral X-ray digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is a widely used imaging technique in patients with neurovascular disease, allowing for vessel and flow visualization with high spatio-temporal resolution. Automatic artery-vein segmentation in DSA plays a fundamental role in vascular analysis with quantitative biomarker extraction, facilitating a wide range of clinical applications. The widely adopted U-Net applied on static DSA frames often struggles with disentangling vessels from subtraction artifacts. Further, it falls short in effectively separating arteries and veins as it disregards the temporal perspectives inherent in DSA. To address these limitations, we propose to simultaneously leverage spatial vasculature and temporal cerebral flow characteristics to segment arteries and veins in DSA. The proposed network, coined CAVE, encodes a 2D+time DSA series using spatial modules, aggregates all the features using temporal modules, and decodes it into 2D segmentation maps. On a large multi-center clinical dataset, CAVE achieves a vessel segmentation Dice of 0.84 ($\pm$0.04) and an artery-vein segmentation Dice of 0.79 ($\pm$0.06). CAVE surpasses traditional Frangi-based K-means clustering (P&lt;0.001) and U-Net (P&lt;0.001) by a significant margin, demonstrating the advantages of harvesting spatio-temporal features. This study represents the first investigation into automatic artery-vein segmentation in DSA using deep learning. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/RuishengSu/CAVE_DSA.
Hypotonic-induced stretch counteracts the efficacy of the class III antiarrhythmic agent E-4031 in guinea pig myocytes (1996)

Hypotonic-induced stretch shortens APD and counteracts the effects of E-4031. This APD shortening is secondary to upregulation of IKs and activation of a stretch-induced Cl- current.
Complementary actions of VEGF and angiopoietins on blood vessel permeability and growth in mice (2002)

The families of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and angiopoietins regulate blood vessel growth, maturation and function via distinct endothelial‐cell specific tyrosine kinase receptors. We have gained some insight into the actions of these growth factors by comparing 2 systems in which VEGF or angiopoietin‐1 (Ang1) was overexpressed in mice. In one set of studies we compared the blood vessels in the skin of transgenic mice in which VEGF, angiopoietin‐1, or both factors, were expressed locally under the keratin‐14 (K14) promoter. Mice overexpressing VEGF (K14‐VEGF) had numerous tortuous capillary‐sized skin vessels which were leaky to the plasma tracer Evans blue under baseline conditions and became even leakier in response to inflammatory stimuli such as topical mustard oil. The dermis of K14‐VEGF mice was increased in thickness and contained numerous infiltrating leukocytes. In contrast mice overexpressing angiopoietin‐1 had increased size of vessels in the skin without a significant increase in vessel number. Furthermore the skin vessels in K14‐Ang1 mice were less leaky than those of wild‐type mice in response to inflammatory stimuli and did not leak under baseline conditions. The dermal thickness was normal and there were normal dermal leukocytes. In double transgenic mice overexpressing both factors, both the size and number of skin vessels were increased, however, the vessels were not abnormally leaky under baseline or inflammatory conditions and the dermis was relatively normal. In a second set of studies we compared the effects of systemically delivered VEGF or angiopoietin‐1 using an adenoviral‐mediated system to produce the factors in vivo . Intravenous injection of adenovirus encoding VEGF (Ad‐VEGF) into mice resulted in widespread tissue oedema within 1–2 d after administration. In contrast injection i.v. of Ad‐Ang1 resulted in the skin vessels becoming less leaky in response to topical inflammatory stimuli or local injection of VEGF. The decreased leakage in the skin vessels was found at one day after Ad‐Ang1 injection, was not accompanied by morphologic changes, and was reproduced by systemic administration of recombinant Ang1 proteins. Thus overexpression of VEGF appears to promote growth of new vessels accompanied by plasma leakage and inflammation, whereas overexpression of Ang1 promotes the enlargement of existing vessels and a decrease in inflammation induced leakage. Further understanding of the interrelationship of these factors during normal development could lead to their application in the treatment of ischaemic diseases. Studies were supported in part by NIH HL59157.
Experimental Correlation of an RPCSIM Model. (2011)

Abstract not provided.
Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer in Kidney Transplant Recipients (2004)

Adequate cancer control was achieved at the expense of infraclinical ureteral obstruction. The doses delivered to the uretero-neocystostomy may be reduced by having a full bladder at the time of irradiation. No avascular hip necrosis was observed.
Fate Mapping and Lineage Analyses Demonstrate the Production of a Large Number of Striatal Neuroblasts After Transforming Growth Factor α and Noggin Striatal Infusions into the Dopamine-Depleted Striatum (2008)

Infusion of transforming growth factor alpha (TGFalpha) into the adult dopamine (DA)-depleted striatum generates a local population of nestin(+)/proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)(+) newborn cells. The precise origin and fate of these new striatal cells are unknown, making it difficult to direct them for neural repair in Parkinson's disease. Experiments in rats using 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) to label neural progenitor cells showed that during TGFalpha infusion in the DA-depleted striatum, newborn striatal cells formed a homogeneous population of precursors, with the majority coexpressing nestin, Mash1, Olig2, and epidermal growth factor receptor, consistent with the phenotype of multipotent C cells. Upon TGFalpha pump withdrawal, the subventricular zone (SVZ) was repopulated by neuroblasts. Strikingly, during this period, numerous clusters of doublecortin(+)/polysialylated neuronal cell adhesion molecule(+) neuroblasts were also produced in the ipsilateral medial striatum. In parallel, striatal BrdU(+)/glial fibrillary acidic protein(+) astrocytes were generated, but no BrdU(+)/O4(+)/CNPase(+) oligodendrocytes were generated. Infusion of the neuralizing bone morphogenetic protein antagonist noggin after TGFalpha pump withdrawal increased the neuroblast-to-astrocyte ratio among new striatal cells by blocking glial differentiation but did not alter striatal neurogenesis. At no time or treatment condition were differentiated neurons generated, including DA neurons. Using 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned nestin-CreER(T2)/R26R-YFP mice that allow genetic fate-mapping of SVZ nestin(+) cells, we show that TGFalpha-generated striatal cells originate from SVZ nestin(+) precursors that confirmed data from the rats on the phenotype and fate of striatal nestin(+)/PCNA(+) cells upon TGFalpha withdrawal. This work demonstrates that a large population of multipotent striatal C-like cells can be generated in the DA-depleted striatum that do not spontaneously differentiate into DA neurons.
<title>Frequency-selective silicon vibration sensor with direct electrostatic stiffness modulation</title> (2002)

Vibration monitoring has become an important mean for wear state recognition at cutting tools, bearings, gears, engines and other highly stressed machine components [1], [2]. The majority of mechanical vibration used to identify the wear state is found in the frequency range from several Hertzto 10kHz [2]. At present, vibration measurement systems are usually based on wideband piezoelectric sensors completed with sophisticated analyzing electronics to observe the spectrum. Because of high costs permanent monitoring is only practicable in safety related applications or at extremely expensive machinery. Future developments in the field of vibration measurement equipment are expected to lead to "smart" sensors with fully digital interface, self-test functionality and on-board storage [3]. In this paper we present a frequency selective capacitive sensor for vibration detection with electrically tunable band selectivity fabricated using near-surface silicon micromechanics (SCREAM). The selectivity is based on the mechanical resonance of the structure, the center frequency of which is variable by direct electrostatic stiffness modulation. This represents a capability of resonance frequency tuning by a control voltage to adjust the measurement range to the desired value. Linearity of the sensor characteristics has been achieved by an optimization of the detection and tuning comb capacitors including FEM-analysis and MATLAB optimization algorithms. By grouping sensor structures with stepped base frequencies into an array the frequency range can be largely extended. To be used as a measurement system the sensor array requires a control unit such as a microcontroller. It handles tasks like cell selection, AD-conversion of the conditioned measurement signal and the generation of the tuning voltage. This measurement system will match the idea of a "smart" sensor since it includes calibration, self test and a digital interface to the outer world. Furthermore it can store data and even draw decissions based on the measured data and in- system algorithms for fault detection.
An integrated and compact hybrid silicon 2R regenerator (2012)

An optical 2R regenerator is presented. The device consists of an optical amplifier integrated with a saturable absorber. Over 3 dB improvement in the extinction ratio is seen for 1 Gb/s signals at 1560 nm.
The effect of polymer additives on cavitation inception in water (1982)

Measurements are presented of the variation of the acoustic cavitation threshold of water with concentration of the polymer additives polyethylene oxide and guar gum. It was found that small amounts of these additives could significantly increase the cavitation threshold. A theoretical model, based upon nucleation of a gas bubble from a Harvey-type crevice in a mote or solid particle, is developed that gives good agreement with the measurements. The applicability of this approach to an explanation of cavitation index reduction in flow-generated or confined jet cavitation, when polymer additives are introduced, is discussed. [Work supported in part by the ONR and the NSF.]
Effect of ascorbic acid on the hepatotoxicity due to the daily intake of nitrate, nitrite and dimethylamine (1987)

It is known that nitrates, nitrites and dimethylamine may react in the gastro-intestinal tract synthesizing the powerful hepatotoxic and carcinogenic dimethylnitrosamine. The purpose of this study was to investigate hepatotoxicity due to the daily intake of nitrates and nitrites administered to rats during 14 weeks together with dimethylamine in drinking water, and to evaluate the protecting effect of ascorbic acid against the hepatotoxicity of the presumably endogenous formed dimethylnitrosamine. The toxicity criteria studied were weight of liver (absolute and relative), free and total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase and pyruvic glutamic transaminase, all in the form of serum, and histopathologic tests of the liver. The results gave evidence of hepatotoxicity induced by the intake of nitrate, nitrite and dimethylamine all together, and not through the only intake of nitrate or nitrite or of amine. Daily doses of ascorbic acid [(211 +/- 40) and (18 +/- 4) mg/kg] seemed to hinder hepatotoxicity according to the criteria under investigation.
Velocity-matched III-V travelling wave electro-optic modulator (1991)

As the modulation bandwidth of a traveling wave modulator is increased, the velocities of the microwave and the lightwave need to be taken into consideration. Velocity mismatch of 20 percent or greater can occur in a III-V modulator and this will result in a bandwidth of approximately 22 GHz-cm or less for an electrical loss of 1 dB/GHz sq rt/cm. To improve the bandwidth of the modulator to greater than 40 GHz, velocity mismatch would have to be reduced to within 10 percent. A new velocity matched III-V modulator is presented.
Optical Fiber Packaging for Integrated Photonic Structures (2008)

Referring to the rapid developed life science and the higher requirements for the approval of innovative Chinese drugs in recent years, this paper described systematically the discovery, research and development (R&D) approaches for the innovative Chinese drugs under the new situation from the following five aspects, i. e., active components discovered from TCMs, the discovery of effective fractions of TCMs and their formulae, the R&D of TCM innovative drugs based on famous classic prescriptions and famous Chinese patent drugs, and the transformation of clinical effective prescriptions, on the basis of analysing the advantages of innovative drugs derived from natural products based on TCM theories and the problems existed in current R&D of new TCM drugs. Moreover, five suggestions are also given for the rapid development of TCM innovative drugs in China. All these will provide reference for the R&D of TCM innovative drugs.