gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-precision 2D-angle measurement interferometer (2002)

Fourier transform method and phase shift method are widely used to analyze fringe patterns to obtain surface profiles. In these ordinary fringe analysis methods, tilt or angle in the measured surface is often cancelled by certain operations. On the other hand, tilt can be considered as part of the measured surface, and obtained by fitting the measured surface profile with a line or plane. Therefore, we proposed a high-precision angle measurement method using fringe analysis techniques. In this paper, a 2-dimensional angular measurement interferometer is constructed to realize the proposed method, and the output curve of the measurement system is calibrated using a high-resolution autocollimator and a PZT driven lever system as the references. Fringe patterns obtained by the experiments are analyzed by both of the Fourier transform method and phase shift method, and the experimental results are compared with each other. Furthermore, the characteristics of the measurement system, including stability, resolution, and accuracy are evaluated and analyzed. Experiments verified that it could achieve both a wide measurement range of over +/- 2160 arcsec (+/- 0.6Degree) and a high angular resolution of 0.01 arcsec, simultaneously.
Segmentation via manipulation (1991)

A paradigm of iterative, interactive scene segmentation and simplification of random heaps of unknown objects via vision and manipulation is introduced. The scene simplification is based on the graph operations of vertex and edge removal. These operations are defined isomorphic to the pick and push manipulation actions. Sensors are used as graph generators and the manipulator is used as the decomposing mechanism of the graphs. The model is a nondeterministic finite-state Turing machine. A vision system, a manipulator, and force/torque and other sensory input are integrated into a robot work cell. Experiments conducted to test convergence and error recovery of four different strategies are discussed. It is found that under certain conditions the strategies can tolerate errors in the sensory data, recover from pathological states, and converge.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Sensitivity to targeted therapy differs between HER2-amplified breast cancer cells harboring kinase and helical domain mutations in PIK3CA (2021)

Our results demonstrate unique intracellular signaling differences depending on which mutation in PIK3CA the cell harbors. Only mutations in the kinase domain fully activate the PI3-kinase signaling pathway and maintain downstream signaling in the presence of HER2 inhibition. Moreover, we show there is potentially clinical importance in understanding both the PIK3CA mutational status and levels of neuregulin-1 expression in patients with HER2-amplified breast cancer treated with targeted therapy and that these problems warrant further pre-clinical and clinical testing.
A system design approach toward integrated cryogenic quantum control systems (2022)

In this paper, we provide a system level perspective on the design of control electronics for large scale quantum systems. Quantum computing systems with high-fidelity control and readout, coherent coupling, calibrated gates, and reconfigurable circuits with low error rates are expected to have superior quantum volumes. Cryogenic CMOS plays a crucial role in the realization of scalable quantum computers, by minimizing the feature size, lowering the cost, power consumption, and implementing low latency error correction. Our approach toward achieving scalable feed-back based control systems includes the design of memory based arbitrary waveform generators (AWG’s), wide band radio frequency analog to digital converters, integrated amplifier chain, and state discriminators that can be synchronized with gate sequences. Digitally assisted designs, when implemented in an advanced CMOS node such as 7 nm can reap the benefits of low power due to scaling. A qubit readout chain demands several amplification stages before the digitizer. We propose the co-integration of our in-house developed InP HEMT LNAs with CMOS LNA stages to achieve the required gain at the digitizer input with minimal area. Our approach using high impedance matching between the HEMT LNA and the cryogenic CMOS receiver can relax the design constraints of an inverter-based CMOS LNA, paving the way toward a fully integrated qubit readout chain. The qubit state discriminator consists of a digital signal processor that computes the qubit state from the digitizer output and a pre-determined threshold. The proposed system realizes feedback-based optimal control for error mitigation and reduction of the required data rate through the serial interface to room temperature electronics.
Polarization independent guided-wave optical modulators and switches (1985)

New low-voltage designs for polarization-independent interferometric optical modulators and coupled waveguide switches are described. Operation of these devices is based on TE-TM mode coupling via off-diagonal elements of the electrooptic tensor. Using a coupled mode analysis, it is shown that the refractive index change-length product is the same as for single-polarization modulators and switches which utilize diagonal electrooptic tensor elements. It is estimated that the use of TE-TM coupling can reduce the voltage-length product for polarization independent operation by a factor of 2 in LiNbO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> and a factor of 2.9 in LiTaO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> .
JQ1 Induces DNA Damage and Apoptosis, and Inhibits Tumor Growth in a Patient-Derived Xenograft Model of Cholangiocarcinoma (2017)

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a fatal disease with a 5-year survival of <30%. For a majority of patients, chemotherapy is the only therapeutic option, and virtually all patients relapse. Gemcitabine is the first-line agent for treatment of CCA. Patients treated with gemcitabine monotherapy survive ∼8 months. Combining this agent with cisplatin increases survival by ∼3 months, but neither regimen produces durable remissions. The molecular etiology of this disease is poorly understood. To facilitate molecular characterization and development of effective therapies for CCA, we established a panel of patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of CCA. We used two of these models to investigate the antitumor efficacy and mechanism of action of the bromodomain inhibitor JQ1, an agent that has not been evaluated for the treatment of CCA. The data show that JQ1 suppressed the growth of the CCA PDX model CCA2 and demonstrate that growth suppression was concomitant with inhibition of c-Myc protein expression. A second model (CCA1) was JQ1-insensitive, with tumor progression and c-Myc expression unaffected by exposure to this agent. Also selective to CCA2 tumors, JQ1 induced DNA damage and apoptosis and downregulated multiple c-Myc transcriptional targets that regulate cell-cycle progression and DNA repair. These findings suggest that c-Myc inhibition and several of its transcriptional targets may contribute to the mechanism of action of JQ1 in this tumor type. We conclude that BET inhibitors such as JQ1 warrant further investigation for the treatment of CCA. <i>Mol Cancer Ther; 17(1); 107-18. ©2017 AACR</i>.
Comparison of intravitreal ranibizumab and bevacizumab for the treatment of macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion. (2014)

Both ranibizumab and bevacizumab are effective for the treatment of RVO and appear to have similar visual and anatomic outcomes. Changing treatments from bevacizumab to ranibizumab did not result in further gains in visual acuity.
Risk Factors Related to the Wall Thickness of Carotid Artery Assessed By Ultrasonography. (1994)

Progression of atherosclerotic lesion of the carotid artery is suggested to induce the development of cerebrovascular events. We evaluate the risk factors related to carotid artery, wall thickness by ultrasonography. A total of 159 patients, who had received no medication for hypertension or hyperlipidemia were enrolled in this study. The wall thickness of carotid artery was evaluated as an intima-media (IM) complex measured by B-mode ultrasonography with a 7.5 MHz probe. Simple regression analysis demonstrated significant correlation between the IM complex and both age and systolic blood pressure, but not with fasting levels of plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, total and HDL cholesterol, triglyceride or gender. Stepwise regression analysis showed age and systolic blood pressure contribute to IM thickness (r = 0.623). However, in patients aged 60 or over, blood pressure did not contribute to the IM wall thickness. Smoking was not a risk factor for IM thickness, but the Brinkman Index (daily consumption of cigarettes x years smoking) was significantly higher in patients with plaques in the carotid artery than those without it. These results suggest that high blood pressure is a risk factor for mild atherosclerotic lesions of the carotid artery for those aged under 60. Smoking may contribute to the formation of plaque, which may consequently lead to the ischemic cerebrovascular disease.
Contributions to the Mechanism of Isobutene Polymerization. IV. Effect of Conjugated Dienes (1967)

Abstract The effect of various conjugated dienes, e.g., butadiene, isoprene, 1,3-pentadiene, 2,3-dimethylbutadiene, 2,5-dimethyl-2,4-hexadiene, cyclopentadiene, 2-methylcyclopentadiene, and 1,3-hexadiene, on the rate of polymerization (yield) and molecular weight of polyisobutene has been investigated. The overriding effect of dienes is rate retardation (poisoning) and a lesser measure of molecular weight depression (transfer activity) (exception, 1,3-pentadiene). The effects have been expressed quantitatively with poison and transfer coefficients and their values have been discussed. The poison coefficients indicate that the order of stabilities of substituted allyl carbonium ions is The effect of temperature on the rate poisoning with butadiene has been studied.
The complexity‐aesthetics relationship for musical rhythm is more fixed than flexible: Evidence from children and expert dancers (2022)

The urge to move to music (groove) depends in part on rhythmic syncopation in the music. For adults, the syncopation-groove relationship has an inverted-U shape: listeners want to move most to rhythms that have some, but not too much, syncopation. However, we do not know whether the syncopation-groove relationship is relatively sensitive to, or resistant to, a listener's experience. In two sets of experiments, we tested whether the syncopation-groove relationship is affected by dance experience or changes through development in childhood. Dancers and nondancers rated groove for 50 rhythmic patterns varying in syncopation. Dancers' and nondancers' ratings did not differ (and Bayesian tests provided substantial evidence that they were equivalent) in terms of mean groove and the optimal level of syncopation. Similarly, ballet and hip-hop dancers' syncopation-groove relationships did not differ. However, dancers had more robust syncopation-groove relationships (higher goodness-of-fit) than nondancers. Children (3-6 years old) completed two tasks to assess their syncopation-groove relationships: In a 2-alternative-forced choice task, children compared rhythms from 2 of 3 possible levels of syncopation (low, medium, and high) and chose which rhythm in a pair was better for dancing. In a dance task, children danced to the same rhythms. Results from both tasks indicated that for children, as for adults, medium syncopation rhythms elicit more groove than low syncopation rhythms. A follow-up experiment replicated the 2-alternative-forced choice task results. Taken together, the results suggest the optimal level of syncopation for groove is resistant to experience, although experience may affect the robustness of the inverted-U relationship. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: In Experiment 1, dancers and nondancers rated groove (the urge to move) for musical rhythms, demonstrating the same inverted-U relationships between syncopation and groove. In Experiment 2, children and adults both chose rhythms with moderate syncopation more than low syncopation as more groove-inducing or better for dancing. Children also danced more for moderate than low syncopation, showing a close perception-behavior relationship across tasks. Similarities in the syncopation-groove relationship regardless of dance training and age suggest that this perceptual and behavioral groove response to rhythmic complexity may be quite resistant to experience.
Isolated sub-segmental pulmonary embolism: clinical and radiological findings (2005)

Gressens, Benjamin; Coche, Emmanuel; Thys, Frédéric; Verschuren, Franck Author Information
Improvement of electrical and optical properties of p-GaN Ohmic metals under ultraviolet light irradiation annealing processes (2006)

We report the improvement of electrical and optical properties of p-GaN Ohmic metals, ZnNi(10nm)∕Au(10nm), by ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. After UV light irradiation, the specific contact resistance of p-GaN decreased slightly from 2.99×10−4to2.54×10−4Ωcm2, while the transmittance of the contact layer increased form 75% to 85% at a wavelength of 460nm. In addition, the forward voltage of InGaN∕GaN light-emitting diode chip at 20mA decreased from 3.55to3.45V, and the output power increased form 18to25mW by UV light irradiation. The low resistance and high transmittance of the p-GaN Ohmic metals are attributed to the reduced Shottky barrier by the formation of gallium oxide and the increased oxidation of p-Ohmic metals, respectively, due to ozone generated form oxygen during UV light irradiation.
Diverse effects of two-dimensional and step flow growth mode induced microstructures on the magnetic anisotropies of SrRuO3 thin films (2006)

Geometrical anisotropy axes of diverse SrRuO3 (SRO) films grown by random and directional two-dimensional and step flow modes are determined and their characteristic angular magnetizations are understood in terms of growth mode induced structural effects. Two-dimensional SRO films possess single-crystal-like structural qualities. Angular magnetization measurements show sharp minima and indicate the films’ easy axis to be in the [310] direction. In contrast, examination of step flow SRO films shows the presence of degenerate multiple in-plane domains and the anisotropy axis in a direction close to [110] even though directional surface steps are clearly visible.
Effects of the Selective KACh Channel Blocker NTC-801 on Atrial Fibrillation in a Canine Model of Atrial Tachypacing (2013)

The present study examines the effects of NTC-801, a highly selective acetylcholine (ACh) receptor-activated potassium (KACh) channel blocker, on atrial fibrillation (AF) in a canine model with electrical remodeling. An experimental substrate for AF was created in dogs via left atrial (LA) tachypacing (400 bpm, 3-5 weeks). NTC-801, dofetilide, and flecainide were intravenously infused for 15 minutes, and the effects on AF inducibility, atrial effective refractory period (ERP), and atrial conduction velocity were examined. The effect of NTC-801 on AF termination was also evaluated. Atrial ERP was shortened and AF inducibility was increased after LA tachypacing. NTC-801 (0.3-3 µg·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) prolonged atrial ERP irrespective of stimulation frequency and dose-dependently decreased AF inducibility. Dofetilide (5.3 µg·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) and flecainide (0.13 mg·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) did not significantly inhibit AF inducibility and minimally affected atrial ERP. Flecainide decreased atrial conduction velocity, whereas NTC-801 and dofetilide did not. NTC-801 (0.1 mg/kg) converted AF to normal sinus rhythm. In summary, NTC-801 exerted more effective antiarrhythmic effects than dofetilide and flecainide in a canine LA-tachypacing AF model. The antiarrhythmic activity of NTC-801 was probably due to prolonging atrial ERP independently of stimulation frequency. These results suggest that NTC-801 could prevent AF more effectively in the setting of atrial electrical remodeling.
Total energies in Se. III. Defects in the glass (1983)

The effective Hubbard $U$ for the bonding coordination defect in glassy Se is investigated. This is accomplished by applying local-density total-energy calculations directly to charged defects in a superlattice configuration. The existence of a large negative contribution to $U$, arising from interconversion between dangling-bond and threefold-coordinated structures, is confirmed. However, a still larger Coulomb repulsion gives rise to an overall positive $U$.
An Anti-β-Amyloid Vaccine for Treating Cognitive Deficits in a Mouse Model of Down Syndrome (2016)

In Down syndrome (DS) or trisomy of chromosome 21, the β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide product of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) is present in excess. Evidence points to increased APP gene dose and Aβ as playing a critical role in cognitive difficulties experienced by people with DS. Particularly, Aβ is linked to the late-life emergence of dementia as associated with neuropathological markers of Alzheimer's disease (AD). At present, no treatment targets Aβ-related pathogenesis in people with DS. Herein we used a vaccine containing the Aβ 1-15 peptide embedded into liposomes together with the adjuvant monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA). Ts65Dn mice, a model of DS, were immunized with the anti-Aβ vaccine at 5 months of age and were examined for cognitive measures at 8 months of age. The status of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons and brain levels of APP and its proteolytic products were measured. Immunization of Ts65Dn mice resulted in robust anti-Aβ IgG titers, demonstrating the ability of the vaccine to break self-tolerance. The vaccine-induced antibodies reacted with Aβ without detectable binding to either APP or its C-terminal fragments. Vaccination of Ts65Dn mice resulted in a modest, but non-significant reduction in brain Aβ levels relative to vehicle-treated Ts65Dn mice, resulting in similar levels of Aβ as diploid (2N) mice. Importantly, vaccinated Ts65Dn mice showed resolution of memory deficits in the novel object recognition and contextual fear conditioning tests, as well as reduction of cholinergic neuron atrophy. No treatment adverse effects were observed; vaccine did not result in inflammation, cellular infiltration, or hemorrhage. These data are the first to show that an anti-Aβ immunotherapeutic approach may act to target Aβ-related pathology in a mouse model of DS.
(C2)-Dioxa-c20-octaquinane, a heterocyclic trisecododecahedrane (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT(C2)-Dioxa-c20-octaquinane, a heterocyclic trisecododecahedraneDouglas Balogh, William J. Begley, David Bremner, Matthew J. Wyvratt, and Leo A. PaquetteCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 3, 749–751Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00497a050https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00497a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views42Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Quantification of Vertical-Fiber Defect in Cattle Hide by Small-Angle Light Scattering (1991)

Vertical-fiber defect (VFD), an abnormal arrangement of collagen fibers in hides of certain cattle breeds, is still not fully understood. Prior work has been limited to subjective histological examinations from hide biopsies. A device using small angle light scattering (SALS) was used to quantify the collagen fiber orientation of sections taken from hide biopsies. Sections were chosen from the Hereford cattle breed and classified by conventional observation as belonging to either the normal, intermediate, or vertical phenotypes. The vertical fibers occur only in the upper reticular dermis, with the fibers in the lower reticular dermis lying parallel to the plane of the hide in all phenotypes. By SALS the vertical phenotype was found to be significantly different from the normal phenotype, whilst the intermediate phenotype was found to be structurally indistinguishable from the vertical one. No evidence was found for the existence of other phenotypes.
Diiodomethane (2001)

[75-11-6] CH2I2 (MW 267.84) (precursor to methylene transfer reagents: in combination with various metals or alkyl metals, generates carbenoids which cyclopropanate alkenes1 or methylenate carbonyls;2 precursor to ICH2Met and I2CHMet nucleophiles;3 participates in radical-mediated couplings4) Alternate Name: methylene iodide. Physical Data: mp 6 °C; bp 181 °C; d 3.325 g cm−3. Solubility: slightly sol H2O; sol Et2O, CHCl3, EtOH, hexane, etc. Form Supplied in: pale yellow liquid; crystallizes as pale yellow needles or plates; typically stabilized with copper powder. Purification: fractional distillation from CaH2 generally provides reagent of sufficient purity for typical uses. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: store over copper powder to inhibit radical-induced decomposition; protect from light; incompatible with many metals (Al, Mg, Na, etc.) and strong bases; mildly corrosive; toxicity presumed to be on par with CH2Cl2, i.e. moderately toxic, mutagenic; use in a fume hood.
Physically Valid Shape Parameterization for Monocular 3-D Deformable Surface Tracking (2005)

CVLAB
Location Management Optimization Schemes for Cellular System (2010)

The ever-increasing demand of mobile system is posing a great challenge for efficient call delivery due to tremendous surge in numbers of mobile subscribers. In order to scale well with increased users, the efforts are underway to develop the new location management techniques as well as to optimize the existing ones so as to keep up-to-date information about current location of mobile phones without causing much traffic load in cellular network. Various location management optimization approaches are being explored and developed by research community in recent past. This papers sheds light on various such approaches in order to give a comprehensive overview of research registered in this field..