gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Peripheral Blood Neutrophil Functions after an Oral Carbohydrate Overload in Obese and Insulin Resistant Horses (2020)

<title>Abstract</title> <italic>Background: </italic>Obesity and insulin resistance (IR) are conditions of increasing prevalence in populations of equids worldwide. The immune impairment described in metabolic dysfunction status in humans has been extensively reported with minimal data regarding horses. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of obesity as an isolated factor and in association with insulin resistance on apoptosis, phagocytosis and oxidative burst activity of neutrophils isolated from peripheral blood of lean and obese adult horses with or without insulin resistance, basally and after induction of hyperglycemia through an oral glucose test. <italic>Results:</italic> No differences in apoptosis were observed between experimental groups at any time point. Phagocytic capacity was significantly diminished at baseline in the obese-IR group (P&lt;0.05) but increased after stimulation of hyperglycemia (P=0.007). Basal reactive oxygen species production differed significantly (P=0.0001) between the obese-insulin sensitive (IS) and lean-IS or obese-IR groups, and decreased significantly after stimulation of hyperglycemia in the lean-IS and obese-IS groups (P&lt;0.05).<italic>Conclusions:</italic> Results from this study showed that both metabolic status itself, and acute hyperglycemia, are factors that influence PMNs functionality in horses, specifically phagocytosis and oxidative burst. This indicates the need for close monitoring of immune function in horses with inflammatory disease and concurrent obesity and insulin resistance.
Anionic Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate as Promoted by a N-Butyl Lithium-Pyridazine-Polyether Alkoxide Based Complex Initiator System (2004)

Polymerization of methyl methacrylate was conducted using a n-butyl lithium/pyridazine system as initiator in tetrahydrofuran (THF) and toluene. Special attention was focused on using some lithium polyether alkoxides as polymerization is promoted at ambient temperatures. The positive effects of these m /s -type ligands such as lithium 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxide and lithium 2-(methoxy)ethoxide on controlling the living character, molecular weight, stereoregularity and yield of the produced polymers were all demonstrated. It was found that initiator/lithium-2-(methoxy)ethoxide in a 1/10 ratio gives the most controlled polymerization. All products were then characterized by size exclusion chromatography (SEC), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The molecular weight distributions obtained were as narrow as 1.28 and the glass transition temperatures were comparable with that of a syndiotactic PMMA and approximately 100% conversions achieved. Moreover, the effect of the polarity of the solvents on the association equilibrium has been discussed. It was found that the molecular weight of the produced polymethylmethacrylate could be better controlled in THF than in toluene.
Therapeutic Ultrasound Promotes Reperfusion and Angiogenesis in a Rat Model of Peripheral Arterial Disease (2015)

Direct comparison demonstrates that TUS is more effective than SWT at promoting reperfusion, whereas both therapies promote angiogenesis in ischemic gastrocnemius muscle. These results suggest that TUS may be more effective than SWT for the treatment of IHD and peripheral arterial disease.
Dissociation of anosognosia and phantom movement during the Wada test (2000)

Phantom movement in the presence of a proprioceptive deficit could contribute to anosognosia. However, anosognosia and phantom movement are dissociable; therefore phantom movement cannot alone account for anosognosia. Because phantom movement occurred with and without proprioceptive deficits, proprioceptive loss is not a prerequisite for phantom movement.
Zero forcing equalizing filter for MIMO channels with intersymbol interference (2003)

Equalization in the time domain is a well-known technique for combating intersymbol interference (ISI) in frequency selective channels. We derive the general structure of the linear zero forcing (ZF) equalizing filters for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communication systems with more outputs than inputs. These filters are finite impulse response (FIR) filters in general and their structure is determined by the number of inputs and outputs. The relation between the spatial diversity of the system and the necessary filter length is worked out and it is shown, that an optimal time lag in the filter will improve the performance considerably.
Histone deacetylase inhibitors deplete enhancer of zeste 2 and associated polycomb repressive complex 2 proteins in human acute leukemia cells (2006)

Human enhancer of zeste 2 (EZH2) protein belongs to the multiprotein polycomb repressive complex 2, which also includes suppressor of zeste 12 (SUZ12) and embryonic ectoderm development (EED). The polycomb repressive complex 2 complex possesses histone methyltransferase activity mediated by the Su(var)3-9, enhancer of zeste, and trithorax domain of EZH2, which methylates histone H3 on lysine (K)-27 (H3K27). In the present studies, we determined that treatment with the hydroxamate histone deacetylase inhibitor LBH589 or LAQ824 depleted the protein levels of EZH2, SUZ12, and EED in the cultured (K562, U937, and HL-60) and primary human acute leukemia cells. This was associated with decreased levels of trimethylated and dimethylated H3K27, with concomitant depletion of the homeobox domain containing HOXA9 and of MEIS1 transcription factors. Knockdown of EZH2 by EZH2 small interfering RNA also depleted SUZ12 and EED, inhibited histone methyltransferase activity, and reduced trimethylated and dimethylated H3K27 levels, with a concomitant loss of clonogenic survival of the cultured acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cells. EZH2 small interfering RNA sensitized the AML cells to LBH589-mediated depletion of EZH2, SUZ12, and EED; loss of clonogenic survival; and LBH589-induced differentiation of the AML cells. These findings support the rationale to test anti-EZH2 treatment combined with hydroxamate histone deacetylase inhibitors as an antileukemia epigenetic therapy, especially against AML with coexpression of EZH2, HOXA9, and MEIS1 genes.
Dynamic resource allocation drives growth under nitrogen starvation in eukaryotes (2020)

Cells can sense changes in their extracellular environment and subsequently adapt their biomass composition. Nutrient abundance defines the capability of the cell to produce biomass components. Under nutrient-limited conditions, resource allocation dramatically shifts to carbon-rich molecules. Here, we used dynamic biomass composition data to predict changes in growth and reaction flux distributions using the available genome-scale metabolic models of five eukaryotic organisms (three heterotrophs and two phototrophs). We identified temporal profiles of metabolic fluxes that indicate long-term trends in pathway and organelle function in response to nitrogen depletion. Surprisingly, our calculations of model sensitivity and biosynthetic cost showed that free energy of biomass metabolites is the main driver of biosynthetic cost and not molecular weight, thus explaining the high costs of arginine and histidine. We demonstrated how metabolic models can accurately predict the complexity of interwoven mechanisms in response to stress over the course of growth.
Characterization of the Protein Dimerization Domain Responsible for Assembly of Functional Selenodeiodinases (2005)

Thyroid hormone metabolism is catalyzed by a small family of selenoenzymes. Type I deiodinase (D1) is the best characterized family member and is an integral membrane protein composed of two 27-kDa subunits that assemble to a functional holoenzyme after translation. To characterize the protein domain(s) responsible for this post-translational assembly event, we used deletion/truncation analysis coupled with immune depletion assays to map the dimerization domain of D1. The results of our studies show that a highly conserved sequence of 16 amino acids in the C-terminal half of the D1 subunit, -D148FL-YI-EAH-DGW163-, serves as the dimerization domain. Based on the high conservation of this domain, we synthesized a novel bait peptide-green fluorescent protein fusion probe (DDD(GFP)) to examine holoenzyme assembly of other family members. Overexpression of either the DDD(GFP) or an inert D1 subunit (M4) into SeD2 (accession number U53505)-expressing C6 cells specifically led to the loss of >90% of the catalytic activity. Catalytically inactive D2 heterodimers composed of SeD2: DDD(GFP) subunits were rescued by specific immune precipitation with anti-SeD2 IgG, suggesting that SeD2 requires two functional subunits to assemble a catalytically active holoenzyme. These findings identify and characterize the essential dimerization domain responsible for post-translational assembly of selenodeiodinases and show that family members can intermingle through this highly conserved protein domain.
Interleaved-MIMO DAS for Indoor Radio Coverage: Guidelines for Planning (2014)

The combination of distributed antenna systems (DAS) and multiple input multiple output (MIMO) schemes opens the way to a variety of coverage solutions for indoor environment. In this paper interleaved-MIMO (i-MIMO) DAS indoor coverage extension strategies are studied. Their performance in high-order MIMO cases is investigated in realistic conditions through LTE-A link-level simulations, based on statistical data extracted from radio channel measurements; the impact of the deployment strategy on performance is then evaluated and useful planning guidelines are derived to determine the optimum deployment for a given propagation environment.
Light-Converting Polymer/Si Nanocrystal Composites with Stable 60–70% Quantum Efficiency and Their Glass Laminates (2017)

Thiol-ene polymer/Si nanocrystal bulk hybrids were synthesized from alkyl-passivated Si nanocrystal (Si NC) toluene solutions. Radicals in the polymer provided a copassivation of "dark" Si NCs, making them optically active and leading to a substantial ensemble quantum yield increase. Optical stability over several months was confirmed. The presented materials exhibit the highest photoluminescence quantum yield (∼65%) of any solid-state Si NC hybrid reported to date. The broad tunability of thiol-ene polymer reactivity provides facile glass integration, as demonstrated by a laminated structure. This, together with extremely fast polymerization, makes the demonstrated hybrid material a promising candidate for light converting applications.
RMD-a lightweight application of NSIS (2004)

Resource management in DiffServ (RMD) framework is a simple, effective and scalable signaling method for resource reservation within a DiffServ domain. In the present paper we describe the way of integrating RMD in the future NSIS QoS application protocol that is under standardization in IETF. We demonstrate that the RMD edge-to-edge signaling is able to inter-work with end-to-end resource reservation protocols e.g. RSVP. Basic performance measurements and evaluation, comparing RMD and RSVP, are also shown.
Performance of 5G terrestrial network deployments for serving UAV communications (2020)

With the recent decrease in their size and cost, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have become more accessible for general-purpose applications. A natural way of providing network access to UAVs is to use terrestrial fifth generation (5G) deployments. In this paper, we assess 5G air-to-ground (A2G) links of low-height UAVs in suburban scenarios with system-level simulations. In order to obtain realistic results, we utilized a propagation channel model extracted from actual A2G measurements. We characterized the performance of the communication system by means of throughput results. We also showed the importance of the feedback delay optimization when the UAV flight speed is high, not only for the achievable throughput, but also for the end-to-end transmission delay, which may be crucial in critical communications (e.g., safety-related ones).
Guaranteeing quality of service to packetised voice over the UMTS air interface (2002)

A key feature of the air interface of the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) standardised by 3GPP is that its functionality can be tailored to the requirements of individual applications, In this paper we study how this flexibility can be exploited to meet the stringent delay and packet loss requirements of a voice-over-IP application (VoIP). We introduce an analytical model of the UMTS air interface that allows us to quantify the impact of the air interface parameters (power budget, interleaving span and channel coding rate) on the parameters that determine the perceived quality of VoIP calls (mouth-to-ear delay and packet loss probability). We use the model to explore the trade-offs that are inherent in the setting of the air interface parameters. The numerical results we present illustrate and quantify the trade-offs of bandwidth efficiency versus packet loss, and of packet loss versus packet delay. The latter trade-off is of particular importance for the feasibility of VoIP.
Perturbation analysis of an M/M/1 queue in a diffusion random environment (2008)

We study in this paper an $M/M/1$ queue whose server rate depends upon the state of an independent Ornstein-Uhlenbeck diffusion process $(X(t))$ so that its value at time $t$ is $μϕ(X(t))$, where $ϕ(x)$ is some bounded function and $μ&gt;0$. We first establish the differential system for the conditional probability density functions of the couple $(L(t),X(t))$ in the stationary regime, where $L(t)$ is the number of customers in the system at time $t$. By assuming that $ϕ(x)$ is defined by $ϕ(x) = 1-\varepsilon ((x\wedge a/\varepsilon)\vee(-b/\varepsilon))$ for some positive real numbers $a$, $b$ and $\varepsilon$, we show that the above differential system has a unique solution under some condition on $a$ and $b$. We then show that this solution is close, in some appropriate sense, to the solution to the differential system obtained when $ϕ$ is replaced with $Φ(x)=1-\varepsilon x$ for sufficiently small $\varepsilon$. We finally perform a perturbation analysis of this latter solution for small $\varepsilon$. This allows us to check at the first order the validity of the so-called reduced service rate approximation, stating that everything happens as if the server rate were constant and equal to $μ(1-\eps\E(X(t)))$.
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-11 from Loss of RhoB Expression Promotes Migration and Invasion of Human Bronchial Cells Via Activation of AKT1 (2023)

Supplementary Figure Legends 1-11 from Loss of RhoB Expression Promotes Migration and Invasion of Human Bronchial Cells Via Activation of AKT1
RAS pathways to cell cycle control and cell transformation (1998)

Ras genes are among the most frequently activated oncogenes in cancer. The corresponding protooncogenes are proteins expressed in the majority of tissues in mammals and have a signal transduction activity. Ras proteins interact with a wide spectrum of regulators and downstream effectors producing different cellular responses, including proliferation, differentiation or apoptosis. This review deals with the most recent advances on the role of Ras in the signal transduction pathway from external signals to the cell cycle and gene expression control. We specially address the new developments on the effect of Ras activation in the regulation of different molecules driving the cell cycle progression. Both positive and negative regulators of the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK), cyclins and CDK inhibitors, are targets of Ras, giving rise to different effects in the cell cycle progression. These Ras-mediated interactions are an extraordinary example of the complexity of the signal transduction networks and the diversity of pathways used by Ras to propagate molecular signals.
Comparison of retention performance between young rats with fimbria-fornix lesions and aged rats in a 14-unit T-maze (1989)

Young (3-months) and aged (24-months) male F-344 rats were pretrained in one-way active avoidance in a straight runway for 3 days. Then two 10-trial daily sessions were given in a 14-unit T-maze in which the response requirement was to negotiate each of 5 maze segments within 10 s to avoid footshock. One day or one week after acquisition, bilateral electrolytic lesions were made in the fimbria-fornix of young rats (1-day lesion or 1-week lesion). Corresponding sham operations were made for remaining young rats (1-day sham or 1-week sham). Aged animals did not receive any surgical treatment. One week after surgery, a 10-trial retention test was conducted to assess the lesion effects on retention and to manipulate the interval between acquisition and lesions. Aged animals were tested in the maze 1 week after acquisition. Results revealed that rats with fimbria-fornix lesions exhibited significant impairment compared to sham-operated groups on all retention performance measures including errors, runtime, number of shocks, duration of shock, and alternation errors. The number of errors and alternation errors of lesioned animals were still higher than those of sham-operated animals at the second half of the retention test, whereas other non-cognitive measures for lesioned animals recovered to control levels. The interval between acquisition training and lesions had no influence on retention performance. Although performance of aged rats during acquisition and retention trials was significantly worse than that of young controls and lesioned animals, a similar recovery pattern during retention testing was found for young rats with fimbria-fornix lesions and aged rats, i.e. both groups showed significant declines in non-cognitive measures with less decline in cognitive measures. These results suggest that the fimbria-fornix is partially involved in retention of 14-unit T-maze performance and that the age-related retention deficit observed in this task may be related to impaired transmission through this pathway.
Monitoring sleep stages with a soft electrode array: Comparison againstvPSGand home‐based detection ofREMsleep without atonia (2023)

Sleep disorders are symptomatic hallmarks of a variety of medical conditions. Accurately identifying the specific stage in which these disorders occur is particularly important for the correct diagnosis of non-rapid eye movement and rapid eye movement parasomnias. In-lab polysomnography suffers from limited availability and does not reflect habitual sleep conditions, which is especially important in older adults and those with neurodegenerative diseases. We aimed to explore the feasibility and validity of a new wearable system for accurately measuring sleep at home. The system core technology is soft, printed dry electrode arrays and a miniature data acquisition unit with a cloud-based data storage for offline analysis. The positions of the electrodes allow manual scoring following the American Association of Sleep Medicine guidelines. Fifty participants (21 healthy subjects, mean age 56.6 ± 8.4 years; and 29 patients with Parkinson's disease, 65.4 ± 7.6 years) underwent a polysomnography evaluation with parallel recording with the wearable system. Total agreement between the two systems reached Cohen's kappa (k) of 0.688 with agreement in each stage of: wake k = 0.701; N1 = 0.224; N2 = 0.584; N3 = 0.410; and rapid eye movement = 0.723. Moreover, the system reliably detected rapid eye movement sleep without atonia with a sensitivity of 85.7%. Additionally, a comparison between sleep as measured in the sleep lab with data collected from a night at home showed significantly lower wake after sleep onset at home. The results demonstrate that the system is valid, accurate and allows for the exploration of sleep at home. This new system offers an opportunity to help detect sleep disorders on a larger scale than possible today, fostering better care.
Comparison of Microflow and Analytical Flow Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Global Metabolomics Methods Using a Urea Cycle Disorder Mouse Model (2021)

Microscale-based separations are increasingly being applied in the field of metabolomics for the analysis of small-molecule metabolites. These methods have the potential to provide improved sensitivity, less solvent waste, and reduced sample-size requirements. Ion-pair free microflow-based global metabolomics methods, which we recently reported, were further compared to analytical flow ion-pairing reagent containing methods using a sample set from a urea cycle disorder (UCD) mouse model. Mouse urine and brain homogenate samples representing healthy, diseased, and disease-treated animals were analyzed by both methods. Data processing was performed using univariate and multivariate techniques followed by analyte trend analysis. The microflow methods performed comparably to the analytical flow ion-pairing methods with the ability to separate the three sample groups when analyzed by partial least-squares analysis. The number of detected metabolic features present after each data processing step was similar between the microflow-based methods and the ion-pairing methods in the negative ionization mode. The observed analyte trend and coverage of known UCD biomarkers were the same for both evaluated approaches. The 12.5-fold reduction in sample injection volume required for the microflow-based separations highlights the potential of this method to support studies with sample-size limitations.
Survey of Materials for Nanoskiving and Influence of the Cutting Process on the Nanostructures Produced (2010)

This paper examines the factors that influence the quality of nanostructures fabricated by sectioning thin films with an ultramicrotome ("nanoskiving"). It surveys different materials (metals, ceramics, semiconductors, and conjugated polymers), deposition techniques (evaporation, sputter deposition, electroless deposition, chemical-vapor deposition, solution-phase synthesis, and spin-coating), and geometries (nanowires or two-dimensional arrays of rings and crescents). It then correlates the extent of fragmentation of the nanostructures with the composition of the thin films, the methods used to deposit them, and the parameters used for sectioning. There are four major conclusions. (i) Films of soft and compliant metals (those that have bulk values of hardness less than or equal to those of palladium, or ≤500 MPa) tend to remain intact upon sectioning, whereas hard and stiff metals (those that have values of hardness greater than or equal to those of platinum, or ≥500 MPa) tend to fragment. (ii) All conjugated polymers tested form intact nanostructures. (iii) The extent of fragmentation is lowest when the direction of cutting is perpendicular to the exposed edge of the embedded film. (iv) The speed of cutting-from 0.1 to 8 mm/s-has no effect on the frequency of defects. Defects generated during sectioning include scoring from defects in the knife, delamination of the film from the matrix, and compression of the matrix. The materials tested were: aluminum, titanium, nickel, copper, palladium, silver, platinum, gold, lead, bismuth, germanium, silicon dioxide (SiO2), alumina (Al2O3), tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), lead sulfide nanocrystals, the semiconducting polymers poly(2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene) (MEH-PPV), poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), and poly(benzimidazobenzophenanthroline ladder) (BBL), and the conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS).
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of Tn(IV) Chloride Octahydrate. (2015)

Abstract [SnCl 4 (H 2 O) 2 ]·6H 2 O is crystallized from a cold aqueous solution (53.39 wt% SnCl 4 ) according to the solid‐liquid phase diagram (263 K, 2 d).