gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Hemodialyzer Reuse on Clearances of Urea and β2-Microglobulin (1999)

Although dialyzer reuse in chronic hemodialysis patients is commonly practiced in the United States, performance of reused dialyzers has not been extensively and critically evaluated. The present study analyzes data extracted from a multicenter clinical trial (the HEMO Study) and examines the effect of reuse on urea and beta2-microglobulin (beta2M) clearance by low-flux and high-flux dialyzers reprocessed with various germicides. The dialyzers evaluated contained either modified cellulosic or polysulfone membranes, whereas the germicides examined included peroxyacetic acid/acetic acid/hydrogen peroxide combination (Renalin), bleach in conjunction with formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde or Renalin, and heated citric acid. Clearance of beta2M decreased, remained unchanged, or increased substantially with reuse, depending on both the membrane material and the reprocessing technique. In contrast, urea clearance decreased only slightly (approximately 1 to 2% per 10 reuses), albeit statistically significantly with reuse, regardless of the porosity of the membrane and reprocessing method. Inasmuch as patient survival in the chronic hemodialysis population is influenced by clearances of small solutes and middle molecules, precise knowledge of the membrane material and reprocessing technique is important for the prescription of hemodialysis in centers practicing reuse.
Evolutionary Architecture for Lifelong Learning and Real‐Time Operation in Autonomous Robots (2010)

This chapter deals with evolution in the creation of a cognitive architecture for robots to be able to learn and adapt throughout their lifetime. The emphasis of the architecture is placed on modularity, progressive construction, and real-time adaptation to changes in the environment, in the robot itself or in its motivations. With this combination, an evolutionary architecture is proposed for autonomous robots to create complex behavior controllers that provide quick real-time response and that can be adjusted or even developed during the robot's lifetime. Several examples of the use of these types of architectures and their elements are presented and discussed. The multilevel Darwinist brain (MDB) is a general cognitive architecture that permits automatic acquisition of knowledge in a real agent through interaction with its environment, so that it can autonomously adapt its behavior to achieve its design objectives. Controlled Vocabulary Terms evolutionary computation; intelligent robots; learning (artificial intelligence)
Smooth eye movement interaction using EOG glasses (2016)

Orbits combines a visual display and an eye motion sensor to allow a user to select between options by tracking a cursor with the eyes as the cursor travels in a circular path around each option. Using an off-the-shelf Jins MEME pair of eyeglasses, we present a pilot study that suggests that the eye movement required for Orbits can be sensed using three electrodes: one in the nose bridge and one in each nose pad. For forced choice binary selection, we achieve a 2.6 bits per second (bps) input rate at 250ms per input. We also inntroduce Head Orbits, where the user fixates the eyes on a target and moves the head in synchrony with the orbiting target. Measuring only the relative movement of the eyes in relation to the head, this method achieves a maximum rate of 2.0 bps at 500ms per input. Finally, we combine the two techniques together with a gyro to create an interface with a maximum input rate of 5.0 bps.
Digital neutral density filter for moving picture cameras (2009)

Typical image sensors in digital cameras have a fixed sensitivity, and the amount of captured light energy is often controlled by adjusting exposure time and lens aperture. For high end motion imaging these settings are not available as they are used to set motion blur and depth of field, respectively. In many cases a proper exposure is achieved with additional optical filtering, using so called "neutral density" (ND) filters. We propose a digital equivalent of a neutral density filter, which can replace the handling of optical filters for camera systems. It consists of an adjusted sensor readout and in-camera processing of images. Instead of a single long exposure we capture N short exposures. These images are then combined by averaging. The short exposures reduce the sensitivity by a factor of N, while averaging reconstructs motion blur. In addition we also achieve a reduction of both dynamic and fixed pattern noise which leads to an overall increase in dynamic range. The digital ND filter can be used with regular image sensors and does not require hardware modifications.
GenXHC: a probabilistic generative model for cross-hybridization compensation in high-density genome-wide microarray data (2005)

The algorithm is applied to a subset of an exon-resolution genome-wide Agilent microarray data set for chromosome 16 of Mus musculus and is found to produce statistically significant reductions in cross-hybridization noise. The denoised data is found to produce enrichment in multiple gene ontology-biological process (GO-BP) functional groups. The algorithm is found to outperform robust multi-array analysis, another method for cross-hybridization compensation.
Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of 4,10-Dihydro-4-oxo-4HImidazo[ 1,2-a]Indeno[1,2-e]Pyrazine Derivatives: Highly Potent and Selective AMPA Receptor Antagonists with In Vivo Activity (2004)

The excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate interacts with ionotropic and metabotropic receptors that mediate a variety of normal signalling processes in the brain. However, excessive stimulation of these receptors appears to be involved in neurodegenerative processes, at least in animal models. Ionotropic glutamate receptors can be divided into NMDA and non-NMDA (AMPA and KA) subtypes on the basis of t heir preferential affinities for the synthetic excitatory amino acids N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) or 2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazol-4-yl) propionic acid (AMPA), respectively. Although most of the early evidence favoured a role for NMDA receptors in the excitotoxic processes, it has been recognised that AMPA receptors may also be significantly involved in neuronal death. As a consequence, the synthesis of specific AMPA antagonists has raised much interest as source of potential drugs for epilepsy and acute and chronic neurodegenerative diseases. The discovery of RPR117824, a potent and selective AMPA receptors antagonist endowed with anticonvulsant and neuroprotective properties, induced growing interest on dihydro-4-oxo-4H-imidazo[1,2-a]indeno[1,2-e]pyrazine series. This review covers the main chemical course leading to the most promising compounds as well as the pharmacological properties of this original class of AMPA receptor antagonists.
Analysis of Cancer Genes using Bioinformatics Tools. (2008)

The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitor, cilazapril, is converted to its active metabolite, cilazaprilat, by ester hydrolysis in the liver. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a single 1 mg oral dose of cilazapril were investigated in 10 healthy volunteers and in 9 cirrhotic patients with compensated cirrhosis and portal hypertension. A significantly increased mean plasma peak concentration (40.0 +/- 13.6 ng/ml vs. 25.5 +/- 7.9 ng/ml; p < 0.05) and a decreased apparent oral clearance (7.8 +/- 6.0 l/h vs. 16.4 +/- 5.4 l/h; p < 0.05) of cilazapril were found in cirrhotic patients compared to healthy volunteers. The plasma concentration of cilazaprilat declined in 2 phases. In both phases the plasma half-life was significantly longer in patients with cirrhosis (1st phase: 2.5 +/- 0.8 h vs. 1.7 +/- 0.6 h; p < 0.05; 2nd phase: 46.2 +/- 16.6 h vs. 28.8 +/- 4.7 h; p < 0.001). Consequently, cilazaprilat concentrations at 24 h were higher in patients than in volunteers (1.42 +/- 0.33 ng/ml vs. 0.87 +/- 0.14 ng/ml; p < 0.001). The predose activity of the ACE (26.3 +/- 7.3 U/l vs. 16.8 +/- 4.5 U/l; p < 0.005) and plasma renin activity (3.3 +/- 3.2 ng/ml/h vs. 1.4 +/- 1.0 ng/ml/h) were higher in patients than in volunteers. Maximum ACE-inhibition occurred at similar times in patients (2.7 h) and volunteers (2.3 h). Maximum ACE-inhibition was slightly higher in volunteers (94.6%) than in patients (90.6%). At later time points (> 24 h), however, ACE-inhibition was more pronounced in patients (at 72 h: 39.6 +/- 6.9% vs. 23.5 +/- 8.2%; p < 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A novel wireless converter topology for dynamic EV charging (2016)

This paper presents a novel topology, based on inductive power transfer (IPT) that is suitable for dynamic charging of electric vehicles (EVs). The proposed topology is novel in that a super capacitor (SC) is used in conjunction with the EV IPT secondary converter to combine power transfer and energy storage in a single converter. In comparison to existing dynamic EV IPT systems, this topology requires no additional switching components, while offering the benefit of a SC energy buffer. Operational modes of the system are described in terms of the switching waveforms required to transfer energy between the grid powered primary IPT pad and the EV. A mathematical model that describes the power transfer within the system is presented along with a simple control strategy to regulate power flow. Simulated and experimental performance of a small scale prototype system in a typical dynamic charging scenario is presented to confirm the validity of the mathematical model and the control strategy.
Determination of RuAl phase boundaries in binary Ru–Al phase diagram at room temperature and 1200 °C (2005)

Abstract Binary Ru–Al alloys with nominal compositions from 29.39 at.% Al up to 60.47 at.% Al were manufactured by powder-metallurgy processing. Single-phase RuAl with a homogeneous microstructure was prepared which is difficult to achieve by melting metallurgy. The microstructure and lattice parameters of the alloys were investigated by optical and scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, wavelength-dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The parametric method was employed to determine the RuAl phase boundaries. Single-phase RuAl was found to exist from near-stoichiometry up to 53.8 at.% Al at room temperature and up to 54.5 at.% Al at 1200 °C, respectively. In addition, the phase Ru 2 Al 3 was found to be stable at room temperature and to have a very narrow range of stoichiometry.
Extended correction model for retinal optical imaging (2011)

We mathematically analyze a recently proposed curvature correction method that is based on signal processing and does not require physical measurements of the object's shape. Based on new insights, we present a new scheme whose range of application is much broader and is not restricted to curvature artifacts. This significant extension is necessary to correct multi-spectral retinal images.
Membranes produced by PECVD technique for low temperature fuel cell applications (2009)

A plasma polymerization process using a continuous glow discharge has been implemented for preparing proton conducting membranes from trifluoromethane sulfonic acid and styrene. The chemical and physica l structure of plasma membranes has been investigated using FTIR and SEM. The films are homogeneous with a good adhesion on commercial gas diffusion layer (E-Tek ® ). Their deposition rate can be increased with increasing flow rate and input power . The thermogravimetric analysis under air of plasma polymers has showed a thermal s tability up to 140 °C. Compared to the pulsed glow discharge studied in a previous pap er, the continuous glow discharge has enabled to enhance the proton conductivity of m embranes by a factor 3 (up to 1.7 mS cm -1 ). Moreover, the low methanol permeability (methanol diffusion coefficient
Vaccination with immunotherapeutic Listeria monocytogenes induces IL-17+γδ T cells in a murine model for HPV associated cancer (2012)

Interleukin 17 (IL-17) is produced during infection with Listeria monocytogenes and is also an important regulator of tumor development with both pro- and anti-tumorigenic effects. αβ T cells and γδ T cells are among the principle producers of IL-17 in response to infection and other proinflammatory conditions. Listeria-based cancer immunotherapies induce IFNγ directed Th1 dependent tumor regression; however, the role of IL-17 in Listeria based immunotherapy has not been addressed. Therefore, we investigated the ability of attenuated Listeria-based immunotherapy to induce IL-17 producing cells in a model of cervical cancer and the potential impact that these cells have on anti-tumor vaccine efficacy. Here we show that vaccination of tumor bearing mice with Listeria vaccines resulted in elevated levels of intratumoral IL-17 and increased IL-17 production by γδ TCR+ cells, exclusively. IL-17 producing cells were lacking in tumors of γδ T-cell-deficient mice; however, the absence of γδ T cells, including IL-17+ γδ T cells, did not alter tumor progression or abrogate the efficacy of the Listeria-based vaccine indicating that αβ T cells are key for clearance of the tumor. Th1 responses, known to be responsible for anti-tumor Listeria-based vaccine efficacy, appear to be sufficient for tumor regression in γδ T-cell-deficient mice. We conclude that the efficacy of Listeria-based vaccine does not rely on γδ T cells (or IL-17 produced by them) in a TC.1 tumor model; however, Listeria-based immunotherapy can be used to induce IL-17+ γδ T cells that are important for regression observed in alternative cancer models.
(GT)N repeat genetic variant in the promoter of HO-1 is not associated to alcoholic liver disease. (2013)

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Analysis of pointers and structures (2004)

article Analysis of pointers and structures Authors: David Chase Menlo Park, CA Menlo Park, CAView Profile , Mark Wegman IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NYView Profile , F. Ken Zadeck Brown University, Providence, RI Brown University, Providence, RIView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGPLAN NoticesVolume 39Issue 4April 2004 pp 343–359https://doi.org/10.1145/989393.989429Published:01 April 2004Publication History 0citation587DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads587Last 12 Months5Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Forward Neutral-Pion Transverse Single-Spin Asymmetries inp+pCollisions ats=200  GeV (2008)

We report precision measurements of the Feynman x (xF) dependence, and first measurements of the transverse momentum (pT) dependence, of transverse single-spin asymmetries for the production of pi0 mesons from polarized proton collisions at sqrt[s] = 200 GeV. The xF dependence of the results is in fair agreement with perturbative QCD model calculations that identify orbital motion of quarks and gluons within the proton as the origin of the spin effects. Results for the pT dependence at fixed xF are not consistent with these same perturbative QCD-based calculations.
A regulatory variant at 3q21.1 confers an increased pleiotropic risk for hyperglycemia and altered bone mineral density (2021)

Skeletal and glycemic traits have shared etiology, but the underlying genetic factors remain largely unknown. To identify genetic loci that may have pleiotropic effects, we studied Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) for bone mineral density and glycemic traits and identified a bivariate risk locus at 3q21. Using sequence and epigenetic modeling, we prioritized an adenylate cyclase 5 (ADCY5) intronic causal variant, rs56371916. This SNP changes the binding affinity of SREBP1 and leads to differential ADCY5 gene expression, altering the chromatin landscape from poised to repressed. These alterations result in bone- and type 2 diabetes-relevant cell-autonomous changes in lipid metabolism in osteoblasts and adipocytes. We validated our findings by directly manipulating the regulator SREBP1, the target gene ADCY5, and the variant rs56371916, which together imply a novel link between fatty acid oxidation and osteoblast differentiation. Our work, by systematic functional dissection of pleiotropic GWAS loci, represents a framework to uncover biological mechanisms affecting pleiotropic traits.
Atrial Arrhythmia Ablation in Patients With D-Transposition of the Great Arteries and Atrial Switch (2022)

CTI-dependent flutter was the most common arrhythmia in patients with Dextro-Transposition of the Great Arteries and atrial switch. Transbaffle approaches were often necessary, and, provided that bidirectional CTI block was achieved at the index ablation, late recurrence was due to different arrhythmia mechanisms. Despite recurrence, ablation was associated with significant clinical improvement.
Isolation of Neural Stem Cells from Neural Tissues Using the Neurosphere Technique (2010)

This unit describes protocols for the derivation, characterization, and expansion of neural stem cell (NSC) lines from the adult mouse subventricular zone (mNSCs), embryonic mouse brain and from the human fetal brain (hNSCs). NSCs can be isolated by enzymatic digestion of specific regions (NSCs niches) of the central nervous system (CNS) and grown in suspension. By using this methodology, NSCs form spherical clusters called neurospheres, which are mechanically dissociated to a single-cell suspension and replated in the selective culture medium. Removal of growth factors and plating cells on an adherent substrate allows cells to differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, the main cell type of the CNS. Correct culturing of NSCs, according to this methodology, will allow cells to expand over 100 passages without alteration of cell karyotype, growth ability, and differentiation potential.
ChemInform Abstract: Fluorous Synthesis: Fluorous Protocols for the Ugi and Biginelli Multicomponent Condensations. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Die laparoskopische linkslaterale Leberresektion als neuer Standard (2017)

Die minimal-invasive Leberchirurgie ist an vielen deutschen Zentren entgegen überzeugender internationaler Entwicklungen immer noch auf nicht-anatomische Resektionen beschränkt. Insbesondere die linkslateralen Lebersegmente scheinen einer minimal-invasiven anatomischen Leberresektion jedoch technisch unkompliziert zugänglich.
Liquid-Vapor Interactions in a Constant-Area Condensing Ejector (1972)

The performance of a condensing ejector depends on the interactions occurring between the liquid and vapor streams in the mixing section. Axial static and liquid-vapor stagnation pressure profiles were measured in a constant-area mixing section using steam and water over a limited range of inlet vapor conditions and a wide range of inlet liquid velocities. Three flow regimes were identified based on inlet liquid velocity. Complete vapor condensation due to a “condensation shock” occurred only in the High Inlet Liquid Velocity Regime. The presence of supersonic vapor flow was found to be a necessary but not a sufficient condition for the existence of the “condensation shock.” In addition, breakup of the liquid jet was found to play an important role in the mixing section processes. A quasi one-dimensional analytical model of the annular liquid-vapor flow patterns occurring in the upstream portion of the mixing section was formulated. Though it was not possible to predict sufficiently accurately the interfacial heat transfer rates from any currently available analyses or data, interfacial heat transfer coefficients of approximately 100 Btu/sec ft2 deg F were found to produce good agreement between the experimentally measured and computed analytical axial static pressure variations. These values compare favorably with other data on the heat transfer rates to turbulent water jets with condensation.
Semantic Security Under Related-Key Attacks and Applications. (2010)

In a related-key attack (RKA) an adversary attempts to break a cryptographic primitive by invoking the primitive with several secret keys which satisfy some known, or even chosen, relation. We initiate a formal study of RKA security for randomized encryption schemes. We begin by providing general definitions for semantic security under passive and active RKAs. We then focus on RKAs in which the keys satisfy known linear relations over some Abelian group. We construct simple and efficient schemes which resist such RKAs even when the adversary can choose the linear relation adaptively during the attack. More concretely, we present two approaches for constructing RKA-secure encryption schemes. The first is based on standard randomized encryption schemes which additionally satisfy a natural “key-homomorphism” property. We instantiate this approach under number-theoretic or lattice-based assumptions such as the Decisional DiffieHellman (DDH) assumption and the Learning Noisy Linear Equations assumption. Our second approach is based on RKA-secure pseudorandom generators. This approach can yield either deterministic, one-time use schemes with optimal ciphertext size or randomized unlimited use schemes. We instantiate this approach by constructing a simple RKA-secure pseurodandom generator under a variant of the DDH assumption. Finally, we present several applications of RKA-secure encryption by showing that previous protocols which made a specialized use of random oracles in the form of operation respecting synthesizers (Naor and Pinkas, Crypto 1999) or correlation-robust hash functions (Ishai et. al., Crypto 2003) can be instantiated with RKAsecure encryption schemes. This includes the Naor-Pinkas protocol for oblivious transfer (OT) with adaptive queries, the IKNP protocol for batch-OT, the optimized garbled circuit construction of Kolesnikov and Schneider (ICALP 2008), and other results in the area of secure computation. Hence, by plugging in our constructions we get instances of these protocols that are provably secure in the standard model under standard assumptions.