gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Large-Scale Stochastic Learning using GPUs (2017)

In this work we propose an accelerated stochastic learning system for very large-scale applications. Acceleration is achieved by mapping the training algorithm onto massively parallel processors: we demonstrate a parallel, asynchronous GPU implementation of the widely used stochastic coordinate descent/ascent algorithm that can provide up to 35x speed-up over a sequential CPU implementation. In order to train on very large datasets that do not fit inside the memory of a single GPU, we then consider techniques for distributed stochastic learning. We propose a novel method for optimally aggregating model updates from worker nodes when the training data is distributed either by example or by feature. Using this technique, we demonstrate that one can scale out stochastic learning across up to 8 worker nodes without any significant loss of training time. Finally, we combine GPU acceleration with the optimized distributed method to train on a dataset consisting of 200 million training examples and 75 million features. We show by scaling out across 4 GPUs, one can attain a high degree of training accuracy in around 4 seconds: a 20x speed-up in training time compared to a multi-threaded, distributed implementation across 4 CPUs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structure of Novel Antimony Thiametallacycles. (1989)

Abstract The thioformaldehyde complex of zirconocene (I) reacts with the alkynes (II) to give thiazirconacycles which undergo transmetalation with R 2 SbCl 2 (III) to yield the antimonyl metallacycles (IV).
Public key encryption and encryption emulation attacks. (2008)

Abstract. The main purpose of this paper is to show that public key encryption can be secure against the “encryption emulation ” attack (on the sender’s encryption) by computationally unbounded adversary, with one reservation: a legitimate receiver decrypts correctly with probability that can be made arbitrarily close to 1, but not equal to 1. 1. Summary of our claims We thought it would make sense to summarize, for the reader’s convenience, our two main claims in a separate section, before proceeding to a narrative introduction. In Section 3, we describe a public-key encryption protocol that allows Bob (the sender) to send secret information to Alice (the receiver), encrypted one bit at a time, so that: (1) Assuming that Eve (the adversary): (a) is computationally unbounded, (b) knows everything about Bob’s encryption algorithm and hardware, (c) does not know Alice’s algorithm for creating public key, then: she cannot decrypt any single bit correctly with probability&amp;gt; 3 4
Secondary metabolites by chemical screening. 12. 13C NMR studies of Elaiophylin derivatives (1991)

Abstract The 13 C chemical shifts of elaiophylin and 21 of its derivatives are described and discussed.
Calcium-induced fusion of phospholipid vesicles containing free fatty acids: modulation by transmembrane pH-gradients (1992)

The influence of a transmembrane pH gradient on the Ca(2+)-induced fusion of phospholipid vesicles, containing free fatty acids, has been investigated. Large unilamellar vesicles composed of an equimolar mixture of cardiolipin, dioleoylphosphatidylcholine, and cholesterol, containing 20 mol % oleic acid, were employed. Fusion was measured using a kinetic assay for lipid mixing, based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer. At pH 7.5, but not at pH 6.0, in the absence of a pH gradient, oleic acid stimulates the fusion of the vesicles by shifting the Ca2+ threshold concentration required for aggregation and fusion of the vesicles from about 13 mM to 10 mM. In the presence of a pH gradient (at an external pH of 7.5 and a vesicle interior pH of 10.5), the vesicles exhibit fusion characteristics similar to vesicles that do not contain oleic acid at all, consistent with an effective sequestration of the fatty acid to the inner monolayer of the vesicle bilayer induced by the imposed pH gradient. The kinetics of the fusion process upon simultaneous generation of the pH gradient across the vesicle bilayer and initiation of the fusion reaction show that the inward movement of oleic acid in response to the pH gradient is extremely fast, occurring well within 1 s. Conversely, dissipation of an imposed pH gradient, by addition of a proton ionophore during the course of the fusion process, results in a rapid enhancement of the rate of fusion due to reequilibration of the oleic acid between the two bilayers leaflets.
Sintering of Nanophase γ‐Al 2 O 3 Powder (1996)

The sintering of ultrafine γ‐Al 2 O 3 powder (particle size ∼10–20 nm) prepared by an inert gas condensation technique was investigated in air at a constant heating rate of 10°C/min. Qualitatively, the kinetics followed those of transition aluminas prepared by other methods. Measurable shrinkage commenced at ∼ 1000°C and showed a region of rapid sintering between ∼1125° and 1175°C followed by a transition to a much reduced sintering rate at higher temperatures. Starting from an initial density of ∼0.60 relative to the theoretical value, the powder compact reached a relative density of 0.82 after sintering to 1350°C. Compared to compacts prepared from the as‐received powder, dispersion of the powder in water prior to compaction produced a drastic change in the microstructural evolution and a significant reduction in the densification rate during sintering. The incorporation of a step involving the rapid heating of the loose powder to ∼1300°C prior to compaction (which resulted in the transformation to α‐Al 2 O 3 ) provided a method for significantly increasing the density during sintering.
Implementation of VoIP over Malaysian Research and Education Network (MYREN) emulator testbed (2011)

Quality of Service (QoS) of a network has become the core research area in a computer communication field. Normally researchers will be using simulation software to carry out their research works. However, it is found that simulation software has its own limitations as it does not really reflect the actual network environment. Thus, most research and development works now are exploiting emulation technology to replicate the real network environment by injecting real traffic into the network model. This paper describes the implementation of an emulator testbed for Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) transmitted over the Malaysian Research and Education Network (MYREN). The emulator software used in this paper is known as WAN Emulator (WANem) and it is found that the QoS obtained from the emulator are considered acceptable.
Underutilization of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for ST‐Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Medicaid Patients Relative to Private Insurance Patients (2013)

Medicaid STEMI patients are significantly less likely to undergo PCI within the same day of admission as private pay patients even after adjusting for patient characteristics related to receiving PCI, and the strength of this relationship is not diminished when controlling for whether the admitting hospital has approval to perform PCI or controlling for the tendency of the admitting hospital to treat STEMI with PCI.
Romazarit. A potential disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (1991)

The synthesis of a series of substituted heterocyclic alkoxypropionic acids is described. They were evaluated for antiinflammatory effects in two animal models of chronic inflammation; adjuvant arthritis and type II collagen arthritis in the rat. The desired profile of biological activity was characterized by the reduction of inflammation with the coincident restoration toward normal levels of the biochemical markers (acute phase proteins) associated with the inflammatory response, an effect that was not shared by classical nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents. Romazarit, (Ro 31-3948, 7), 2-[[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-methyl-5-oxazolyl]methoxy]-2-methylpropio nic acid, was selected for further evaluation. In contrast to NSAIDs, romazarit was inactive in animal models of acute inflammation, and furthermore it did not inhibit the cyclooxygenase enzyme in vitro or in vivo. Inhibition of interleukin-1-mediated events in vitro has been observed.
Intrafamilial heterogeneity in hereditary motor neuron disease (1992)

Although there are varied inheritance patterns in motor neuron disease (MND), the phenotype of MND is reported to be constant within these families, ie, cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or primary lateral sclerosis do not occur in pedigrees with cases of spinal muscular atrophy. We describe four pedigrees whose members diverged in the phenotype of MND expressed. The intrafamilial variation of phenotype suggests a similar pathogenesis for some of the varied types of familial MND and the need for careful inquiry of family history in all patients with MND.
Proposal of Vibration Control Reducing 2nd Radial Electromagnetic Force (2015)

A permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with a concentrated winding generates vibration and noise resulting from the 2nd radial electromagnetic force. In preceding research, it has been shown that the d-axis negative current reduces the 2nd radial electromagnetic force. In contrast, a relationship between this force and the current has not been clarified. In this paper, it is demonstrated that this force is separated into three forces caused by the d-axis current, the q-axis current and the flux of the magnet. An equation correlating this force and the current is developed by using a finite element analysis. On the basis of this equation, vibration control is proposed to reduce this force. In addition, this proposed method is verified by experiment.
Referring to Objects in Videos using Spatio-Temporal Identifying\n Descriptions (2019)

This paper presents a new task, the grounding of spatio-temporal identifying\ndescriptions in videos. Previous work suggests potential bias in existing\ndatasets and emphasizes the need for a new data creation schema to better model\nlinguistic structure. We introduce a new data collection scheme based on\ngrammatical constraints for surface realization to enable us to investigate the\nproblem of grounding spatio-temporal identifying descriptions in videos. We\nthen propose a two-stream modular attention network that learns and grounds\nspatio-temporal identifying descriptions based on appearance and motion. We\nshow that motion modules help to ground motion-related words and also help to\nlearn in appearance modules because modular neural networks resolve task\ninterference between modules. Finally, we propose a future challenge and a need\nfor a robust system arising from replacing ground truth visual annotations with\nautomatic video object detector and temporal event localization.\n
Coherent High Harmonic X-ray Beams and Applications in Coherent Imaging and Spectroscopy (2015)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text M. Murnane and H. Kapteyn, "Coherent High Harmonic X-ray Beams and Applications in Coherent Imaging and Spectroscopy," in Nonlinear Optics, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2015), paper NTh1A.1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
An organic-inorganic hybrid glass hosting photochromic dyes (1994)

An organic-inorganic (O-I) hybrid glass hosting photochromic spirooxazine dyes has been prepared via the sol-gel method with organically modified silican alkoxides as starting materials. The utilization of methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) and 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) at appropriate mole ratios led to different shaped of the glassy materials. The photochromic response, colour-decay speed, thermal and photochemical stabilities of the dye in the hybrid glass were studied and compared with the dye-in-ethanol (DIE) and dye-in-polymer (DIP) systems. The results reveal that (1) the photochromic response is better than both the DIE and DIP systems; (2) the colour-decay speed is similar to the DIE and much higher than the DIP system, and (3) the thermal stability is better than the DIE and similar to the DIP system, while the photostability is between them. Matrix effect is discussed on the photochromism of the dye in the hybrid glass.
Synthesis of Benzophenonehydrazone Schiff Bases and their In Vitro Antiglycating Activities (2013)

Benzophenonehydrazone Schiff bases 1-25 were synthesized and their in vitro antiglycation potential has been studied. Out of twenty-five compounds, thirteen showed varying degrees of antiglycation activity with IC50 values ranging between 25.7 - 305 μM, if compared with the standard rutin (IC50 = 70.5 ± 0.50 μM). Compounds 21 (2,3- dihydroxybenzaldehyde N-(diphenylmethylene)hydrazine) IC50 = 25.7 ± 0.003 μM, 14 (diphenylmethanone N-[1-(2,4- dihydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)ethylidene]hydrazine) IC50 = 36.6 ± 0.004 μM, 6 (3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde N- (diphenylmethylene)hydrazine) IC50 = 49.5 ± 0.001 μM, 13 (diphenylmethanone N-[1-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)ethylidene] hydrazine) IC50 = 52.6 ± 0.023 μM, and 15 (diphenylmethanone N-[1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethylidene]hydrazine) IC50 = 57 ± 0.002 μM, showed showed much better antiglycation potential superior to the standard rutin. The compounds 7 (2,5- dihydroxybenzaldehyde N-(diphenylmethylene)hydrazine) IC50 = 66 ± 0.002 μM, and 25 (diphenylmethanone N-[1-(2,5- dihydroxyphenyl)propylidene] hydrazine) IC50 = 67.9 ± 0.001 μM showed compareably good antiglycation activity to standard rutin. All compounds were characterized by spectroscopic techniques and gave satisfactory elemental analysis.
Review on IOT based Transmission Line Fault Detection (2023)

Abstract: The electrical system is made up of numerous unique parts. One of these is the transmission system, which involves sending electricity from substations and substations to consumers along power lines. This paper provides a review of the research being done for Internet of Things-based transmission line fault detection.
High Performance and Sub-Ambient Silicon Microchannel Cooling (2006)

High performance single-phase Si microchannel coolers have been designed and characterized in single chip modules in a laboratory environment using either water at 22°C or a fluorinated fluid at temperatures between 20 and −40°C as the coolant. Compared to our previous work, key performance improvements were achieved through reduced channel pitch (from 75 to 60 microns), thinned channel bases (from 425 to 200 microns of Si), improved thermal interface materials, and a thinned thermal test chip (from 725 to 400 microns of Si). With multiple heat exchanger zones and 60 micron pitch microchannels with a water flow rate of 1.25 lpm, an average unit thermal resistance of 15.9 C-mm2/W between the chip surface and the inlet cooling water was demonstrated for a Si microchannel cooler attached to a chip with Ag epoxy. Replacing the Ag epoxy layer with an In solder layer reduced the unit thermal resistance to 12.0 C-mm2/W. Using a fluorinated fluid with an inlet temperature of −30°C and 60 micron pitch microchannels with an Ag epoxy thermal interface layer, the average unit thermal resistance was 25.6 C-mm2/W. This fell to 22.6 C-mm2/W with an In thermal interface layer. Cooling &gt;500 W/cm2 was demonstrated with water. Using a fluorinated fluid with an inlet temperature of −30°C, a chip with a power density of 270 W/cm2 was cooled to an average chip surface temperature of 35°C. Results using both water and a fluorinated fluid are presented for a range of Si microchannel designs with a channel pitch from 60 to 100 microns.
Ferroelectricity of Sn-doped SrTiO3perovskites with tin at bothAandBsites (2012)

We successfully obtained Sn-doped SrTiO${}_{3}$ (SSTO) perovskites, and clarified their ferroelectricity and structural properties by using first-principles theoretical calculations. The ferroelectricity of SSTO was confirmed by the appearance of a dielectric permittivity maximum and a clear hysteresis loop of the relationship between the external electric field and the electric flux density below 180 K. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectra revealed the structural phase transition of SSTO at approximately 200 K. We directly observed by spherical aberration corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy that Sn ions are doped into both Sr and Ti sites (Sn${}_{A}$ and Sn${}_{B}$), and that Sn${}_{A}$ is located at an off-centered position. We also performed theoretical analyses of SSTO and related perovskites, and found that Sn${}_{A}$ is preferentially located in an off-centered position and that Sn${}_{A}$ and the O${}_{6}$ octahedron, which includes Sn${}_{B}$ in its center, oscillate along the antiphase direction in the soft mode. Thus, we propose that the ferroelectricity of SSTO originates from the antiphase off-centering, which induces ferroelectric nanoregions in paraelectric SrTiO${}_{3}$.
Oral administration of chicken breast extract increases brain carnosine and anserine concentrations in rats (2007)

Carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) and its derivative anserine (beta-alanyl-1-methyl-L-histidine) are antioxidants and putative neurotransmitters in the brain. These dipeptides are rich in the commercially available supplement chicken breast extract (CBEX). To clarify the effects of CBEX on the brain, we examined whether single oral administration of CBEX (20 ml/kg) affects brain dipeptide and free amino acid concentrations in male Wistar rats. CBEX significantly and time-dependently increased carnosine and anserine levels in the plasma (at 120 min after injection, increase rates were 2976 and 4142%, respectively), hippocampus (64 and 78%), and hypothalamus (188 and 120%), but not in cerebral cortex. Significant and time-dependent increases in citrulline in the hippocampus (49%) and hypothalamus (41%) demonstrated generation of nitric oxide due to the increased carnosine and/or anserine levels in these brain regions. These findings suggest that CBEX modifies brain functions by increasing levels of these dipeptides.
Current status and future prospects of power generators using dielectric elastomers (2011)

Electroactive polymer artificial muscle (EPAM), known collectively as dielectric elastomers in the literature, has been shown to offer unique capabilities as an actuator and is now being developed for a wide variety of generator applications. EPAM has several characteristics that make it potentially well suited for wave, water current, wind, human motion, and other environmental energy harvesting systems including a high energy density allowing for minimal EPAM material quantities, high energy conversion efficiency independent of frequency of operation and non-toxic and low-cost materials not susceptible to corrosion. Experiments have been performed on push-button and heel-mounted generator devices powered by human motion, ocean wave power harvesters mounted on buoys and water turbines. While the power output levels of such demonstration devices is small, the performance of these devices has supported the potential benefits of EPAM. For example, an electrical energy conversion efficiency of over 70% was achieved with small wave heights. The ability of EPAM to produce hydrogen fuel for energy storage was also demonstrated. Because the energy conversion principle of EPAM is capacitive in nature, the performance is largely independent of size and it should eventually be possible to scale up EPAM generators to the megawatt level to address a variety of electrical power needs.
Kits and methods of detection using cellulose binding domain fusion proteins (2023)

A cellulose binding domain (CBD) having a high affinity for crystalline cellulose and chitin is disclosed, along with methods for the molecular cloning and recombinant production thereof. Fusion products comprising the CBD and a second protein are likewise described. A wide range of applications are contemplated for both the CBD and the fusion products, including drug delivery, affinity separations, and diagnostic techniques.
Comprehensive Organometallic Chemistry. The Synthesis, Reactions and Structures of Organometallic Compounds (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComprehensive Organometallic Chemistry. The Synthesis, Reactions and Structures of Organometallic CompoundsRichard SchrockCite this: Organometallics 1984, 3, 8, 1324Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1984Publication History Published online7 January 2004Published inissue 1 August 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00086a900https://doi.org/10.1021/om00086a900research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views147Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Supplemental Table 8 from The Genomic Landscape of Intrinsic and Acquired Resistance to Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibitors in Patients with Hormone Receptor–Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer (2023)

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Spinodal-modulated solid solution delivers a strong and ductile refractory high-entropy alloy (2020)

Body-centered-cubic (BCC) refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs) are being actively pursued due to their potential to outperform existing superalloys at elevated temperatures. One bottleneck problem, however, is that these RHEAs lack tensile ductility and, hence, processability at room temperature. The strategy previously invoked to sustain ductility in high-strength HEAs is to manage dislocation movements via incorporating dispersed obstacles; this, however, may also have embrittlement ramifications. Here, a new strategy is demonstrated to achieve ductile BCC HfNbTiV, via decomposing the BCC arrangement (β phase) into a β(BCC<sub>1</sub>) + β*(BCC<sub>2</sub>) arrangement via spinodal decomposition, producing chemical composition modulations and, more importantly, elastic strain on a length scale of a few tens of nanometers. The periodically spaced β*, with large lattice distortion, is particularly potent in heightening the ruggedness of the terrain for the passage of dislocations. This makes the motion of dislocations sluggish, causing a traffic jam and cross-slip, facilitating dislocation interactions, multiplication, and accumulation. Wavy dislocations form walls that entangle with slip bands, promoting strain hardening and delocalizing plastic strain. A simultaneous combination of high yield strength (1.1 GPa) and tensile strain to failure (28%) is achieved; these values are among the best reported so far for refractory high-entropy alloys.