gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Total Synthesis of Basiliskamides A and B. (2005)

The first enantioselective synthesis of the polyketide antibiotics basiliskamides A and B, which exhibit potent in vivo activity against &lt;i&gt;Candida&lt;/i&gt;\n&lt;i&gt;albicans&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Aspergillus&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;fumigatus&lt;/i&gt;, has been achieved. Serial asymmetric crotylsilane and crotylboronate additions established the C7−C10\nstereochemical tetrad. Takai iodoolefination and palladium-mediated cross-coupling were used to install the (&lt;i&gt;Z&lt;/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;)-vinyl acrylamide. Spectroscopic\ndata is consistent with the assignment of the absolute configurations of the natural products as (7&lt;i&gt;S&lt;/i&gt;,8&lt;i&gt;S&lt;/i&gt;,9&lt;i&gt;R&lt;/i&gt;,10&lt;i&gt;S&lt;/i&gt;).
Hair cortisol in patients with primary aldosteronism (2017)

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
Continuous Membrane Assisted IBE Fermentation from AVAP® Cellulosic Sugars (2019)

An economically viable process for the production of butanol from the underutilized natural resources domestically available, economically sustainable biofuel at or below DOE target selling price; suitable for roll-out in multiple regions containing agricultural residues and underutilized forest residuals; and able to compete in the butanol market without subsidy
Beam-steering at Optical Frequencies Using Metal-grating Antennas (2006)

In this work we present results on beam steering of red light using sub-wavelength metallic grating antennas and show that highly directional beams with controlled emission angle and divergence can be achieved. We adopt a simple dipole array model to describe the photon-plasmon interactions
Bortezomib, Dexamethasone and Rituximab (BDR) Is a Highly Active Regimen in the Primary Therapy of Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinemia: Planned Interim Results of WMCTG Clinical Trial 05-180. (2006)

Abstract In previous studies, we demonstrated that Rituximab and Bortezomib are active agents as monotherapy in patients with Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia (WM), producing response rates of 40–80%. Moreover, we and others have demonstrated synergistic activity for these agents together, and with steroids in preclinical studies. As such, we examined the activity of combined bortezomib, dexamethasone and rituximab in patients with the consensus panel diagnosis of WM. Intended therapy consisted of IV bortezomib at 1.3 mg/m2 and IV dexamethasone 40 mg on days 1,4,8, and 11, and Rituximab at 375 mg/m2 on day 11 which constituted one cycle of therapy. Patients received four consecutive cycles, followed by a three month pause, and then 4 more cycles, each given three months apart. Ten patients are eligible for evaluation at interim analysis. Following a median of 4 cycles of therapy, median serum IgM levels for all evaluable patients declined from 5,095 (range 700–8030 mg/dL) to 2,850 (range 280–3660 mg/dL) (p=0.001). The overall response rate was 100%, with 5 and 5 patients achieving a minor (≥25% decrease in IgM) and major (≥50% decrease in IgM) response, respectively. Responses were prompt, and occurred at a median of 1.1 months. Therapy was well tolerated with III/IV toxicities consisting of sepsis (n=1), pneumonia (n=1), and thrombocytopenia (n=1). Four patients developed herpes zoster while on treatment, resulting in the implementation of prophylaxis for all patients with valcyclovir. At a median of 4 cycles, no sensory or motor neuropathies have occurred. The interim results of this study demonstrate that BDR is a highly active, and well-tolerated regimen in the primary therapy of WM.
Highly Refractive Aromatic Polybenzoxazoles Derived from Sulfur-Containing Dibenzoyl Chlorides (2021)

A series of aromatic polybenzoxazoles (PBOs) containing sulfur atoms in their main chains were developed. All of the PBOs were prepared from synthesized hydroxyl-diamine 4,4′-bis(4-amino-3-hydroxyphenylthio)diphenylsulfide (3SDA) and aromatic diacyl chlorides, such as 4,4′-((thiobis(4,1-phenylene))bis(sulfanediyl))dibenzoyl chloride (3SDBC), trans-1,4-cyclohexanedicarbonyl dichloride (trans-CHDC), isophthaloyl dichloride (IPC), and 4,4′-oxybis(benzoyl chloride) (OBC), via a conventional two-step procedure. The PBOs exhibited high thermal stability, thermal decomposition temperature (>430 °C), and glass-transition temperature (204–255 °C). The PBO derived from 3SDA and 3SDBC exhibited a very high refractive index, i.e., 1.7862 at 637 nm due to the high sulfur content (21.79%).
Shared Predispositions of Parkinsonism and Cancer (2012)

OBJECTIVE To use a statewide population-based genealogic database to evaluate the relationship between Parkinson disease (PD) and cancer subtypes. DESIGN Using a computerized genealogy for the Utah pioneers and their descendants linked to a statewide cancer registry and statewide death certificates, we estimated relative risks for cancer in individuals with PD listed on their death certificate, and in their first-degree, second-degree, and third-degree relatives. SETTING Utah Cancer Registry. PARTICIPANTS Approximately 2.3 million individuals in the Utah genealogic resource, including death certificates of 2998 individuals with PD listed as a cause of death from 1904 to 2008 and information on 100 817 individuals with a cancer diagnosis in the Utah Cancer Registry. RESULTS Melanoma and prostate cancer were the only cancers observed in significant excess among PD cases; colorectal, lung, pancreas, and stomach cancers were observed in deficit. A significantly increased risk for prostate cancer was observed in the PD population as well as among their relatives. A reciprocal significantly increased risk for PD was also found in the 22 147 prostate cancer cases and their relatives. A significantly elevated risk for melanoma was found in the Utah PD population as well as in their relatives. A reciprocal significantly increased relative risk for PD was found in 7841 Utah melanoma cases and their relatives. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified a novel association between PD and prostate cancer, which extended to first-degree, second-degree, and third-degree relatives. We also confirmed the reported risk association for melanoma in patients with PD; we extended the finding to include a significantly increased risk in relatives. These results strongly support a genetic link. This conclusion is further strengthened by observation of the reciprocal relationship, an increased risk for PD in relatives of individuals with melanoma or prostate cancer.
Prediction of therapeutic outcomes in DLBCL from circulating tumor DNA dynamics. (2016)

7511 Background: Responses to initial therapy in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are heterogeneous, where patients who fail to respond have poor outcomes. Early identification of failures remains a challenge. We report an empiric method to response prediction utilizing circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from as few as one cycle of therapy. Methods: We utilized CAPP-Seq, a next-generation sequencing platform for ctDNA detection (Newman AM et al, Nat Med 2014), to profile 33 patients with DLBCL from Stanford University during induction therapy. Tumor and germline DNA was sequenced to define tumor-specific somatic alterations, which were then followed in plasma DNA. Changes in ctDNA were compared with response rate (PET/CT, Deauville score < 4 defined as CR) and outcomes using a training/validation design. Results: To understand early dynamics of ctDNA, we serially profiled plasma from a training cohort of DLBCL patients throughout their first two cycles of immunochemotherapy (n = 12 patients, 114 samples; median 9/patient). In patients achieving a radiographic response, ctDNA levels declined within days of therapy. At onset of cycle 2 (day 22), patients achieving a CR had a greater reduction in ctDNA than those who did not (3.35-log vs 0.98-log reduction, p = 0.0014). Furthermore, all patients with a > 2-log reduction in ctDNA by cycle 2 achieved a CR (5/5), while those failing to reach this threshold did not (7/7; p = 0.0013). We therefore established a 2-log drop in ctDNA as a threshold to predict response. We tested the ability of this threshold to predict outcomes in an expanded cohort of 33 patients. This threshold significantly predicted CR rate (75% vs 22%, p = 0.01), PFS (p = 0.002) and OS (p = 0.001). Change in ctDNA remained significantly associated with improved PFS in multivariate analysis (p = 0.003) when controlling for IPI, cell of origin, and prior treatment. Finally, in a cohort of patients experiencing relapse, ctDNA heralded radiographic progression by a median of 148 days (n = 8). Conclusions: Circulating tumor DNA in DLBCL changes rapidly during treatment, with > 2-log decline in the first two cycles associated with response and survival. Studies utilizing the dynamics of ctDNA to risk stratify patients and guide therapy are warranted.
Nonlegume hemoglobin genes retain organ-specific expression in heterologous transgenic plants. (1990)

Hemoglobin genes from the nitrogen-fixing nonlegume Parasponia andersonii and the related non-nitrogen-fixing nonlegume Trema tomentosa have been isolated [Landsmann et al. (1986). Nature 324, 166-168; Bogusz et al. (1988). Nature 331, 178-180]. The promoters of these genes have been linked to a beta-glucuronidase reporter gene and introduced into both the nonlegume Nicotiana tabacum and the legume Lotus corniculatus. Both promoters directed root-specific expression in transgenic tobacco. When transgenic Lotus plants were nodulated by Rhizobium loti, both promoter constructs showed a high level of nodule-specific expression confined to the central bacteroid-containing portion of the nodule corresponding to the expression seen for the endogenous Lotus leghemoglobin gene. The T. tomentosa promoter was also expressed at a low level in the vascular tissue of the Lotus roots. The hemoglobin promoters from both nonlegumes, including the non-nodulating species, must contain conserved cis-acting DNA signals that are responsible for nodule-specific expression in legumes. We have identified sequence motifs postulated previously as the nodule-specific regulatory elements of the soybean leghemoglobin genes [Stougaard et al. (1987). EMBO J. 6, 3565-3569].
BCGFII activity on activated B cells of a purified murine T cell-replacing factor (TRF) from a T cell hybridoma (B151K12). (1985)

Experiments were performed to examine a growth-promoting activity on B cells or B leukemic cells of T cell-replacing factor (TRF) produced by a murine T cell hybridoma (B151K12) which constitutively produces TRF. The cellfree supernatant (CFS) from B151K12 cells (B151-CFS) could induce terminal differentiation of pre-activated B cells or in vivo passaged chronic B leukemia cells, BCL1, into immunoglobulin-secreting cells, while it did not exert a nominal lymphokine activity such as BCGFI (now known as BSFpl), IL 2, or gamma-interferon. However, it promoted [3H]thymidine uptake of dextran sulfate (DXS)-stimulated normal B cells and in vivo passaged BCL1 cells, suggesting that it also has BCGFII activity. We tried extensively to purify and to separate the TRF active molecule from the BCGFII active molecule by using many types of purification procedures. The purification scheme consisted of ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-cellulose chromatography, Blue-Sepharose chromatography, hydroxylapatite chromatography, and gel permeation with fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC). It was revealed that the BCGFII active molecule was hardly separable from the TRF during the entire purification procedure. The TRF as well as BCGFII active materials were glycoprotein with an apparent m.w. of 50 to 60 Kd on gel permeation chromatography and 18 Kd on SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions. The BCGFII active materials were hardly separable from the TRF active one, even after a reverse-phase FPLC, in which both BCGFII and TRF activities were recovered in the fractions eluted at 44 to 48% acetonitrile in 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). Furthermore, the absorption of TRF and BCGFII active materials by using BCL1 cells removed not only TRF but also BCGFII activity. Moreover, B cell-specific monoclonal antibody (9T1), which can preferentially block TRF-dependent plaque-forming cell responses, also inhibited the expression of BCGFII activity to BCL1 cells. Taking all of the results together, we conclude that the TRF from B151K12 cells promotes growth of appropriately activated, such as DXS-stimulated normal cells and BCL1 tumor cells. These results suggest that B151-TRF may act on B cells as B cell growth and differentiation factors.
Using Amnesia to Detect Credential Database Breaches (2022)

Abstract Known approaches for using decoy passwords (honeywords) to detect credential database breaches suffer from the need for a trusted component to recognize decoys when entered in login attempts, and from an attacker’s ability to test stolen passwords at other sites to identify user-chosen passwords based on their reuse at those sites. Amnesia is a framework that resolves these difficulties. Amnesia requires no secret state to detect the entry of honeywords and additionally allows a site to monitor for the entry of its decoy passwords elsewhere. We quantify the benefits of Amnesia using probabilistic model checking and the practicality of this framework through measurements of a working implementation.
Interactive Research-Based Instruction Strategies for Standards Education: Project ISTEE (2017)

Efforts are underway to advance technical standards education into science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) university programs. This article provides an overview of Project ISTEE: Integrating Standards into Telecommunication Engineering Education. We discuss the background and motivations behind this project and describe its tasks and deliverables. The project produces a university course in telecommunication standards and standardization processes. Evaluation results of two offerings of this course are reported and discussed. Our findings confirm that interactive research-based instruction strategies are particularly suitable for standards education. A model for standards education is developed that can be adopted by other STEM disciplines.
Specificity of murine monoclonal antibodies induced by a choriocarcinoma cell-line (BEWO). (1984)

The specificity of two murine monoclonal antibodies (BW 252/104, IgG3 and BW 241/10, IgM) which recognize two different antigens is described. BW 252/104 recognizes an epitope detectable on all human cell lines and most of the human tissues tested. On account of this reactivity this antibody could be said to possess a "pan human" specificity. BW 241/10 is mainly reactive with human granulocytes but shows some binding to certain solid tissues (breast, stomach). Because of its lack of reactivity to human lymphocytes and monocytes this antibody could be of interest in the detection of human granulocytes.
<title>New photonic crystal system for integrated optics</title> (2001)

We describe a new photonic-crystal structure with a complete three-dimensional photonic band gap (PBG) and its potential application to integrated optics. The structure not only has a large band gap and is amenable to layer-by-layer litho-fabrication, but also introduces the feature of high-symmetry planar layers resembling two-dimensional photonic crystals. This feature enables integrated optical devices to be constructed by modification of only a single layer, and supports waveguide and resonant-cavity modes that strongly resemble the corresponding modes in the simpler and well-understood 2d systems. In contrast to previous attempts to realize 2d crystals in 3d via finite-height “slabs,” however, the complete PBG of the new system eliminates the possibility of radiation losses. Thus, it provides a robust infrastructure within which to embed complex optical networks, combining elements such as compact filters, channel-drops, and waveguide bends/junctions that have previously been proposed in 2d photonic crystals.
The Influence of Wall Stress on AAA Growth and Biomarkers (2010)

In the decision for surgical repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs), the risk of rupture is weighed carefully against the risk of the surgical procedure. The risk of rupture is estimated based on the maximum diameter and the growth rate of the AAA. Previous studies indicate that AAA growth rate increases with the diameter of the AAA [1, 2]. However, this growth rate is not the same for each AAA, as some AAA’s remain stable over a long period of time, while others show a fast growth or grow discontinuously.
Inaccuracies in administering liquid medication. (1975)

Although pediatricians usually take great care in accurately calculating medication for their patients, the important processes of measuring and administering the dose are often overlooked. Many of the problems encountered in the administration of tablets and capsules to small children have been overcome by the production of medications in liquid form. However, the advantage gained in the administration of liquid products is often lost because of the inaccuracy of the devices used to measure and administer them. Liquid doses may be inaccurate for several reasons. The measuring devices commonly used today include household spoons, cups, and specific devices provided by pharmaceutical manufacturers to be used with their products. Teaspoons are particularly poor measuring and administering devices. The measured capacity of the has been shown to be within the range of 2.5 to 7.8 ml. 1,2 In addition, teaspoons are a poor delivery device because they tip easily. Furthermore, the same spoon, when used by different persons, may deliver from 3 to 7 ml. 3 Such variations may be related to factors such as pouring the liquids from different-sized bottles, the color of the liquids, and the adequacy of available light. Perhaps the most important factor in measurement is related to the care practiced by the person doing the measuring. Although the American Pharmaceutical Association (in 1902) and the American Medical Association (in 1903) defined the standard teaspoonful as 5 ml, this recommendation has not been universally adopted. 4 The practice of some pharmaceutical manufacturers of establishing doses in 4-ml and other fractions of a teaspoon tends to confuse the prescribing physician when it comes to instructing patients.
Effect of a Mutant Danbaekkong Allele on Soybean Seed Yield, Protein, and Oil Concentration (2019)

Abstract There is a known negative correlation between soybean [ Glycine max [L.] Merr.] seed protein and oil and between protein and yield. This challenges breeders to increase protein concentration while maintaining oil concentration and yield. The objective of this study was to determine if marker‐assisted selection for the Danbaekkong (Dan) protein allele on chromosome 20 influences seed yield and quality traits in near isogenic genetic backgrounds. A population of 24 F 7 ‐derived near isogenic lines (NIL) of soybean was created by crossing G03‐3101 × LD00‐2817P. The 24 NIL consisted of 12 wild type (WT) and 12 mutant Dan type lines. These NIL were grown in 2016 and 2017 field seasons in replicated field trials in nine environments, with six in Tennessee and one each in Arkansas, Missouri, and North Carolina. There were significant ( P &lt; 0.05) differences in yield, protein, and oil concentrations between the two experimental groups. The Dan group had significantly ( P &lt; 0.05) more protein (421 g kg −1 ), less oil (192 g kg −1 ), and lower yield (3143 kg ha −1 ) than the WT group (390 g kg −1 protein, 210 g kg −1 oil, and 3281 kg ha −1 yield). These results support previous research and corroborate the overall negative genetic correlations. Nevertheless, seed yield of several higher‐protein Dan lines MC‐13, MC‐16, MC‐19, and MC‐24 exceeded seed yield of lower protein WT lines MC‐2, MC‐3, MC‐6, and MC‐10. The higher‐protein lines represent genetic resources for reducing the negative correlation between protein and yield.
Registration of N98–4445A Mid‐Oleic Soybean Germplasm Line (2006)

Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Multistable Behavior of Compliant Kaleidocycles (2015)

We present an analysis of the compliant kaleidocycle, a mechanism which, unlike other compliant mechanisms, may undergo continuous rotation. We analyze the strain energy characteristics of this mechanism during its motion and show that by varying the stiffness and orientation of the flexures, kaleidocycles may be designed to achieve customizable multistable behavior. These devices may be designed to include up to four distinct stable equilibrium positions and may also include regions of neutral stability.
A parallel algorithm for state assignment of finite state machines (1998)

Optimization of large sequential circuits has become unmanageable in CAD of VLSI due to time and memory requirements. We report a parallel algorithm for the state assignment problem for finite state machines. Our algorithm has three significant contributions: it is an asynchronous parallel algorithm portable across different MIMD machines; time and memory requirements reduce linearly with the number of processors, enabling the parallel implementation to handle large problem sizes; and the quality of the results for multiprocessor runs remains comparable to the serial algorithm on which it is based due to an implicit backtrack correction mechanism built into the parallel implementation.
Piceatannol-Loaded Emulsomes Exhibit Enhanced Cytostatic and Apoptotic Activities in Colon Cancer Cells (2020)

Piceatannol (PIC), a naturally occurring polyphenolic stilbene, has pleiotropic pharmacological activities. It has reported cytotoxic activities against different cancer cells. In the present study, PIC emulsomes (PIC-E) were formulated and assessed for cytotoxic activity. A Box-Behnken design was employed to investigate the influence of formulation factors on particle size and drug entrapment. After optimization, the formulation had a spherical shape with a particle size of 125.45 ± 1.62 nm and entrapment efficiency of 93.14% ± 2.15%. Assessment of cytotoxic activities indicated that the optimized PIC-E formula exhibited significantly lower IC<sub>50</sub> against HCT 116 cells. Analysis of the cell cycle revealed the accumulation of cells in the G2-M phase as well as increased cell fraction in the sub-G1 phase, an indication of apoptotic-enhancing activity. Staining of cells with Annexin V indicated increased early and late apoptosis. Further, the cellular contents of caspase - 3 and <i>Bax/Bcl-2</i> mRNA expression were significantly elevated by PIC-E. In addition, the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was disturbed and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was increased. In conclusion, PIC-E exhibited superior cell death-inducing activities against HCT 116 cells as compared to pure PIC. This is mediated, at least partly, by enhanced pro-apoptotic activity, disruption of MMP, and stimulation of ROS generation.