gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure of a human serum amyloid A gene and modulation of its expression in transfected L cells. (1987)

The structure of a human serum amyloid A (SAA) genomic clone (SAAg9) has been analyzed and the nucleotide sequence of the coding regions is compared with that of the cDNA for apoSAA1. The leader and coding sequences of exons 2 and 3 are identical to SAA1. However, there are 10 nucleotide and 7 derived amino acid substitutions in exon 4. These changes are identical to the amino acid sequence of the amyloid protein associated with familial Mediterranean fever. In particular, the amino acid substitution (Thr to Phe) at residue 69 of SAA1 may have an important role in this type of hereditary amyloidosis. The genomic clone SAAg9 has been transfected into mouse L cells, and constitutive expression of human specific mRNA and protein were observed in stable transfected clones. The expression of both SAA mRNA and protein were increased by incubation of the transfected cells with purified human interleukin-1 (IL-1), both human and mouse recombinant IL-1, and recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha. The induction of SAA is pretranslational and is likely to be mediated by protein factor(s) since incubation with cycloheximide diminished IL-1-dependent increase in SAA mRNA.
Baumarten, Altersstruktur und Totholz in Deutschland : Ergebnisse einer Kohlenstoffinventur auf Bundeswaldinventur-Basis: Ergebnisse einer Kohlenstoffinventur auf Bundeswaldinventur-Basis : Baumarten, Altersstruktur und Totholz in Deutschland (2009)

Im Jahr 2008 wurden auf einer Unterstichprobe der Bundeswaldinventur (BWI) Daten erhoben, die durch einen Vergleich mit den fruheren Bundeswaldinventur-Aufnahmen Aussagen uber die Entwicklung der grosraumigen Waldverhaltnisse in Deutschland ermoglichen. In diesem Beitrag wird die Entwicklung der Baumarten- und Altersstruktur sowie des Totholzvorkommens dargestellt.
On the binomial approximation to the distance distribution of codes (2002)

The binomial distribution is a well known approximation to the distance spectra of many classes of codes. For example, it is known to be tight for the weights of BCH codes with fixed minimal distance and of growing length. In general the range where the distance distribution is close to the binomial depends essentially on the dual distance. We present new bounds for this range for codes with the dual distance about half of the length n of the code, and for codes with the dual distance growing linearly in n.
Radioimmunoimaging of cardiac amyloid deposits in AL amyloidosis patients (2011)

1090 Objectives The prognosis of patients with AL amyloidosis, whose disease involves the heart and results in restrictive cardiomyopathy, is exceedingly poor, with average survival of ~4-9 months. Heretofore, definitive proof of cardiac amyloid deposition required endomyocardial biopsy but, more commonly, it has been inferred from an abnormal 2D echo, cardiac MRI, or serum biomarkers of myocardial dysfunction. Given that these test abnormalities are not necessarily specific for amyloid, a more direct means of documenting the presence of amyloid is required. Methods Under an Exploratory Phase I IND, we investigated the capability of ~1 mg (60-74 MBq) of 124I-labeled monoclonal antibody 11-1F4 to bind systemic AL amyloid deposits, as evidenced by whole body PET/CT scans obtained 2 and 5 days post infusion in 30 patients. 14 of whom had cardiac involvement based on thickened intraventricular septum or elevated BNP/ troponin. In 8, cardiac-gated PET/CT scans and MRIs were obtained. Biodistribution of the radiotracer (RT) was assessed visually and by semi-quantitative analysis using the ratio of organ specific activity to that of blood pool. Results Uptake of RT in the myocardium was seen on cardiac-gated PET in 2 patients. Semiquantitative analysis of both cardiac-gated and non-gated studies indicated myocardial RT uptake in 4 patients (including the 2 with visual uptake). Cardiac MRI and/or 2D echo findings suggestive of myocardial amyloid were seen in all 4 patients who had evidence of 11-1F4 uptake. Conclusions We demonstrated visual and/ or semiquantitative evidence of 124I-ll-1F4 binding to cardiac amyloid deposits. The ability to document specifically the presence of amyloid in the hearts of patients with AL amyloidosis through radioimmunoimaging represents an significant medical advance that has both prognostic and therapeutic import. Research Support USPHS Research Grant R01CA10056 and FDA Orphan Product Development Grant FD-R-00342
Structural feature extraction on multiple bases with application to handwritten character recognition systems (2002)

H. Nishida and S. Mori (1992) proposed a clear, rigorous, and powerful method for the structural description of character shapes in terms of quasi-topological features (convexity and concavity), directional features, and singular points (branch points and crossings). Shapes are described by few components with rich features and shape prototypes (structural models) can be constructed automatically from the training data. However, the number of directions is fixed to 4, and more directions such as 8 or 16 cannot be dealt with. For various applications of Nishida and Mori's method, the author presents a method for structural analysis and description of simple arcs or closed curves based on 2/sup m/ (m = 2,3,4,...) directional features and convex/concave features. Software OCR systems without specialized hardware have attracted much attention recently. Based on the method of structural analysis and description, the author describes a software implementation of a handwritten character recognition system with a multi-stage strategy.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Design of the SAFER Emergency Gate Using LS-DYNA (2005)

In recent years, NASCAR and the Indy Racing League have improved the safety of their racetracks through the installation of the Steel And Foam Energy Reduction barrier (SAFER). The new barrier consists of a high-strength, tubular steel skin that distributes the impact load to energy-absorbing foam cartridges in order to reduce the severity of the impact, extends the impact event, and provides the occupant of the race car additional protection. During installation of the SAFER barrier, the designers realized that certain race tracks were designed with the emergency track exit in the outside of the corner. Because the SAFER barrier needed to be installed in these corners, a gate mechanism had to be designed for the barrier that would provide access to the track while retaining the safety performance of the system. Full-scale crash testing of the first SAFER gate design showed that the gate did not posses sufficient capacity to handle the loads experienced during a worst-case impact scenario. Non-linear finite element analysis was then used to redesign the gate mechanism. The original gate design was simulated using LS-DYNA in order to validate the computational model. Modifications to increase the capacity of the gate mechanism were designed and analyzed until suitable results were obtained through simulation. Finally, the redesigned SAFER gate was successfully full-scale crash tested.
Dimerization of coralyne and its propyl analog and their association with DNA (1979)

Dimerization of coralyne, Ia, and its propyl analogue Ic has been analyzed at neutral pH as a function of ionic strength. Even at low ionic strength (I = 0.02) dimerization constants (molar units) for both compounds are 10(5) or greater, which is considerably larger than values obtained for similar intercalating molecules. Coralyne seems to undergo association to higher aggregates somewhat easier than Ic, which could be due to the fact that the propyl group on Ic provides some steric hinderance in forming higher aggregates. Both compounds readily associate with DNA. At high ratios of ligand to DNA, the spectra for Ia or Ic are similar to that of a highly aggregated complex. At low ratios of ligand to DNA, the spectra for both compounds approach a limit, which is relatively independent of ionic strength and concentration, and can be identified with the intercalated species. The slight differences between Ia and Ic in dimerization or in association with DNA do not seem capable of explaining the significant differences in antileukemic activity of these compounds.
Palladium-Catalyzed Formation of Aryl tert-Butyl Ethers from Unactivated Aryl Halides (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTPalladium-Catalyzed Formation of Aryl tert-Butyl Ethers from Unactivated Aryl HalidesCynthia A. Parrish and Stephen L. BuchwaldView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 [email protected]Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 7, 2498–2500Publication Date (Web):March 10, 2001Publication History Received2 October 2000Published online10 March 2001Published inissue 1 April 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo001426zhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo001426zbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4739Altmetric-Citations101LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Anions,Aromatic compounds,Catalysts,Ethers,Ligands Get e-Alerts
Tunable Multifunctional Mesoporous Silica Microdots Arrays by Combination of Inkjet Printing, EISA, and Click Chemistry (2012)

6 pages
Analysis of scattered waves observed in inter-stage DAS VSP data from zipper-fracturing operations (2020)

Recent advances in Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) technology allow using DAS for active seismic monitoring of Stimulated Rock Volume (SRV). An inter-stage DAS Vertical Seismic Profiling (VSP) survey was acquired during a zipper-fracturing stimulation. PS-waves scattered by the SRV were observed in the data. They are associated not only with each hydraulic fracturing stage of the well equipped with a fiber-optic cable but also with various stages of an adjacent well. Full wavefield modeling and postprocessing of the field data help us to analyze stage by stage variations in SRV, fracture closure time, and interactions between zipper wells. As a result, we have been able to estimate SRV height in a fiber well, and constraint the SRV height and length for other wells of the zipper group. This information can be extremely valuable in optimizing hydraulic fracturing operations. Presentation Date: Tuesday, October 13, 2020 Session Start Time: 8:30 AM Presentation Time: 8:55 AM Location: 360D Presentation Type: Oral
The Complex Role of Angiopoietin-2 in the Angiopoietin-Tie Signaling Pathway (2012)

The angiopoietin-Tie signaling system is a vascular-specific receptor tyrosine kinase pathway that is essential for normal vascular development. Although the basic functioning of the pathway is understood, many uncertainties remain about the role of certain members of the pathway, particularly angiopoietin-2 (Ang2), in pathological vascular remodeling and angiogenesis. We summarize the components of the angiopoietin-Tie pathway and then focus on studies that highlight the role of Ang2 in disease settings, including cancer and inflammation. The expression of Ang2 is elevated in many cancers and types of inflammation, which prompted the development of specific reagents to block its interaction with the Tie2 receptor. The application of these reagents in preclinical models of inflammation and cancer has begun to elucidate the role of Ang2 in vascular remodeling and disease pathogenesis and has led to emerging clinical tests of Ang2 inhibitors.
Aging Effects on the Surface Chemistry and Resulting Performance of Microsystems. (2007)

Abstract not provided.
Servers Powered by a 10kW In-Rack Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell System (2014)

To improve the reliability and the energy efficiency of datacenters, as well as to reduce infrastructure costs and environmental impacts, we demonstrated and evaluated the use of a 10 kW Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) stack and system for powering the servers in a data center. In this study, we designed, tested and demonstrated a PEMFC system as a Distributed Generation (DG) prime mover that has high reliability and efficiency for both steady state and dynamic operations. The 10kW PEMFC stack and system was designed to power a server rack and eliminate the power distribution system in the datacenter. The steady state electrical properties such as efficiency and polarization curves were evaluated. The ramp rate and dynamic response of the PEMFC system to server and system dynamics was also characterized and can be used to determine energy storage requirements and develop optimal control strategies to enable the dynamic load following capability.
Segmentation of Right Ventricle in Cardiac MR Images Using Shape Regression (2015)

Accurate and automatic segmentation of the right ventricle is challenging due to its complex anatomy and large shape variation observed between patients. In this paper the ability of shape regression is explored to segment right ventricle in presence of large shape variation among the patients. We propose a robust and efficient cascaded shape regression method which iteratively learns the final shape from a given initial shape. We use gradient boosted regression trees to learn each regressor in the cascade to take the advantage of supervised feature selection mechanism. A novel data augmentation method is proposed to generate synthetic training samples to improve regressors performance. In addition to that, a robust fusion method is proposed to reduce the the variance in the predictions given by different initial shapes, which is a major drawback of cascade regression based methods. The proposed method is evaluated on an image set of 45 patients and shows high segmentation accuracy with dice metric of $$0.87\pm 0.06$$ . Comparative study shows that our proposed method performs better than state-of-the-art multi-atlas label fusion based segmentation methods.
SNCA Triplication Parkinson's Patient's iPSC-derived DA Neurons Accumulate α-Synuclein and Are Susceptible to Oxidative Stress (2011)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is an incurable age-related neurodegenerative disorder affecting both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Although common, the etiology of PD remains poorly understood. Genetic studies infer that the disease results from a complex interaction between genetics and environment and there is growing evidence that PD may represent a constellation of diseases with overlapping yet distinct underlying mechanisms. Novel clinical approaches will require a better understanding of the mechanisms at work within an individual as well as methods to identify the specific array of mechanisms that have contributed to the disease. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) strategies provide an opportunity to directly study the affected neuronal subtypes in a given patient. Here we report the generation of iPSC-derived midbrain dopaminergic neurons from a patient with a triplication in the α-synuclein gene (SNCA). We observed that the iPSCs readily differentiated into functional neurons. Importantly, the PD-affected line exhibited disease-related phenotypes in culture: accumulation of α-synuclein, inherent overexpression of markers of oxidative stress, and sensitivity to peroxide induced oxidative stress. These findings show that the dominantly-acting PD mutation is intrinsically capable of perturbing normal cell function in culture and confirm that these features reflect, at least in part, a cell autonomous disease process that is independent of exposure to the entire complexity of the diseased brain.
Aerodynamic Shape Optimization of Aircraft Wings Using Panel Methods (2020)

Panel methods are frequently applied to aerodynamic shape optimization problems due to their fast turnaround time and ability to model arbitrary geometries. Despite being advantageous for design optimization, we have found that panel methods can predict nonphysical results for unconventional geometries. This paper presents robust methods to solve optimization problems using panel methods that are not susceptible to numerical errors. Important factors are highlighted with regard to choice in boundary conditions, induced drag calculation, wake modeling, and regularization. Two parameterization methods are introduced where wing geometry is defined locally by airfoils at discrete spanwise positions and regularized by filtering along the span. Such methods of defining the geometry locally enlarge the design space and allow the optimizer to converge to reliable designs. Results also suggest the following: 1) enforcing a Dirichlet boundary condition rather than a Neumann formulation provides significant cost savings in gradient calculations, 2) far-field force calculations should be adopted for optimization problems as numerical errors in surface pressure integration have a strong influence on the gradients, and 3) the additional design freedom of a B-spline parameterization can be disadvantageous as the low fidelity of the inviscid model cannot correctly capture aerodynamic properties of irregular airfoil geometries.
Computed tomography virtual intravascular endoscopy in the evaluation of fenestrated stent graft repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms (2009)

VIE is a valuable visualization tool in the follow-up of fenestrated stent graft repair of AAA by providing intraluminal appearance of fenestrated stents and measuring the length of stent protrusion.
2‐Diphenylaminofluoren‐7‐ylstyrene Derivatives with Various Aromatic End‐Capping Groups for Highly Efficient Blue and White Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes (2011)

Abstract Highly efficient blue fluorescent materials with a 2‐diphenylaminofluoren‐7‐ylstyrene emitting unit and various aromatic end‐capping groups were synthesized and characterized. A 2‐methyl‐9,10‐bis(2‐naphthyl)anthracene host was doped with these blue materials as the blue dopants in the emitting layer of organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) devices. All devices exhibited highly efficient blue electroluminescence with high external quantum efficiency (4.38–6.2 % at 20 mA cm –2 ). In particular, two deep blue OLEDs using 7‐[3,5‐bis(naphthalen‐1‐yl)styryl]‐9,9‐diethyl‐2‐ N , N ‐diphenylamino‐9 H ‐fluorene ( 1f ) and 7‐{4‐[1′‐(2′,3′,4′,5′‐tetraphenyl)phenyl]styryl}‐9,9‐diethyl‐2‐ N , N ‐diphenylamino‐9 H ‐fluorene ( 1g ) as dopants in the emitting layer showed high external quantum efficiencies of 4.63 and 5.96 % at 20 mA cm –2 with the color coordinates (0.148, 0.134) and (0.147, 0.144), respectively. A sky‐blue OLED using7‐{4‐[9,9′‐spirobi(fluoren)‐2‐yl]styryl}‐9,9‐diethyl‐2‐ N , N ‐diphenylamino‐9 H ‐fluorene ( 1e ) exhibited a high quantum efficiency of 6.20 % at 20 mA cm –2 with the color coordinates (0.148, 0.195). Moreover, efficient white OLEDs with an external quantum efficiency, luminous efficiency, and color coordinates of 6.50 %, 10.3 cd A –1 at 20 mA cm –2 and (0.357, 0.310) at 1000 cd m –2 were demonstrated by exploiting this highly efficient blue fluorescent material ( 1e ) as a dopant in the blue‐emitting layer.
Envelope and multi-slit emittance measurements at fermilab A0-Photoinjector and comparison with simulations (2007)

Recently we have measured the envelope and the trans verse emittance of an 0.85 nC electron beam at the Fermilab AO-Photoinjector facility. The transverse emittance measurement was performed using the multi-slit method. The data have been taken with an unstacked 2.8 ps laser pulse. In this paper we report on these beam measurements and compare the results with the predictions from beam dynamics codes ASTRA and GPT using 3D space charge routines.
Hydrogen loading for fiber grating writing with a femtosecond laser and a phase mask (2004)

The threshold for the fabrication of fiber Bragg gratings with ultrafast 800-nm radiation and a phase mask was studied in SMF-28 and all-silica core fiber by use of 125-fs pulses. High-pressure molecular hydrogen loading (H2 loading) was observed to significantly lower the grating writing threshold in standard Ge-doped telecommunication fiber. No reduction was observed with all-silica core fiber. The index change appeared to be confined to the Ge-doped core region of the fiber. Gratings in H2-loaded SMF-28 had thermal annealing behavior similar to UV-induced gratings. Unlike UV-induced H2-loaded gratings, no absorption associated with Ge-OH defect formation was observed.
Accumulation of genome-wide somatic loss of heterozygosity (LOH) as a prominent feature of advanced malignant soft tissue tumors and association with the BRCAness status, suppression of immune responses, and lower survival rates. (2021)

11533 Background: Malignant soft tissue tumor is a rare cancer with few therapeutic options. Recent genomic analysis revealed widespread CNA and the cumulative burden of cancer-related pathogenic germline mutations/variants, their clinical and therapeutic significance were unknown. Methods: We recruited 155 patients with advanced malignant soft tissue tumors (135 female and 20 male, mean age 51 at analysis, 100 LMS, 19 LPS, 4 ESS, 3 UPS, 3 AS, 3 MPT, 3 GIST and others) with confirmed metastasis/recurrence and information on familial cancer burden. Whole exome sequencing was performed in both blood and tumor samples as described in 2018ASCO. The copy number of BRCA2 gene was determined by the MLPA method. Tumor immune microenvironment was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The MSI status was analysed by PCR. Results: We analyzed the LOH status in 595 COSMIC genes and found that genome-wide accumulation of somatic LOH of polygenic germline mutations/variants. Patients with more than 33% LOH genes (n=102) in the total of somatic and LOH mutations showed significantly lower OS rates compared with those (n=53) with less LOH genes (5-year survival rates; 49 vs 75%, p=0.010), which constitute 78% of LMS (n=78/100) and 26% of LPS (n=5/19). Total of 41 patients (26%, n=41/155) including 33 LMS (33%, n=33/100) showed LOH in the BRCA2 locus with hemizygous VUS. Those patients with BRCA2 LOH (n=41) showed significantly lower OS rates compared with those without BRCA2 LOH (n=114) (5-year survival rates; 43 vs. 64%, p=0.019). Neither TMB nor the MSI status was associated with LOH. In contrast, accumulation of somatic LOH (mean LOH values of 71.7 vs. 15.7%) was clearly and negatively associated with CD8+T-cell immune infiltrates (T-cells; 44±23 vs 555±180/mm 2 , n=7, p=0.016), CD20+B-cell accumulation in tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) (TLS; 0.57±0.43 vs. 20.1±6.1/tumor, n=7, p=0.008) and low levels of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (NLR; 3.63±0.45 vs. 1.71±0.17, n=7, p=0.002), hallmarks of the immunological response to tumors. Conclusions: This study suggests that in advanced malignant soft tissue tumors, accumulation of genome-wide LOH of germline mutations/variants is associated with the BRCAness status and suppression of the immune responses to tumors, and thus influences therapeutic response and survival of the patients.