gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical Outcomes in Continuous Clinical Responders with Moderately to Severely Active Ulcerative Colitis: Subanalyses from the PURSUIT-SC Maintenance Study (2014)

Introduction: To evaluate long-term clinical outcomes in patients with moderately to severely active UC who achieved complete continuous response (CCR) compared with patients who did not achieve CCR (non-CCR) through week 54 of SC golimumab (GLM) maintenance therapy. Methods: During PURSUIT-Maintenance, GLM induction responders (464 patients) were randomized to receive PBO, SC GLM 50 mg, or SC GLM 100 mg at baseline (week 0) and every 4 weeks through week 52. The primary endpoint was clinical response through week 54 (CCR). Clinical remission, mucosal healing, corticosteroid use, and IBDQ outcomes and fecal markers at week 54 among CCR versus non-CCR were assessed. All sub-analyses are based on patients randomized at week 0 of maintenance (n=456). Results: On all of the selected endpoints evaluated, CCR patients had better results when compared with non-CCR patients (Table 1). Among patients receiving corticosteroids at baseline, a greater proportion of CCR patients were not receiving corticosteroids at week 54 versus non-CCR patients. Greater proportions of CCR patients were also in clinical remission versus non-CCR patients. Additionally, mean decreases in fecal lactoferrin and fecal calprotectin at week 54 from week 0 of maintenance were greater for CCR patients compared with non-CCR patients. Data between the GLM groups were similar and thus were pooled in the table.Table 1: Clinical Outcomes Based on Continuous Clinical Response at Week 54 in the PURSUIT-SC Maintenance Study*Conclusion: These data continue to support that patients induced into clinical response who maintain a clinical response through week 54 are more likely to have better clinical outcomes. Disclosure - William J Sandborn, Jean-Frederic Colombel, Walter Reinisch, Peter Gibson, Brian G. Feagan, Haoling Weng, Ruji Yao, Dino Tarabar, Zbigniew Hebzda, Paul Rutgeerts-Janssen R&D, LLC-all Grant/Research Support. Colleen Marano, Richard Strauss, Jewel Johanns, and Hongyan Zhang-Janssen R&D, LLC-all employees of Janssen R&D, LLC. This research was supported by an industry grant from Janssen R&D, LLC.
Novel and Efficient Route for the Synthesis of 4-Aryl-Substituted 2(5H)-Furanones (2009)

Abstract 4-Aryl-substituted 2(5H)-furanones were prepared by reaction of diethylphosphono acetic acid and phenacyl bromides, followed by an intramolecular Horner–Emmons-type cyclization. Both the reactions were carried out in situ to give the desired 4-aryl substituted 2(5H)-furanone derivatives.
The Effect of Low Dose Carvedilol on Circadian Variation of Blood Pressure in Patients with Essential Hypertension (1987)

Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology™ is a peer reviewed, multidisciplinary journal that publishes original articles and pertinent review articles on basic and clinical aspects of cardiovascular pharmacology. Appropriate subjects include new drug development and evaluation, physiological and pharmacological bases of drug action, metabolism, drug interactions and side effects, clinical results with new and established agents and novel methods. The focus is on pharmacology in its broadest applications, incorporating not only traditional approaches, but new approaches to the development of pharmacological agents and the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Mechanistic Study of Malononitrileamide FK778 in Cardiac Transplantation and CMV Infection in Rats (2004)

FK778 has both immune suppressive and antiviral activities, neither of which is entirely dependent on inhibition of pyrimidine synthesis. These, and other published observations, suggest that the antiviral activity and a considerable part of the efficacy of the malononitrilamide family of drugs is attributable to activities other than drug induced pyrimidine deficiency.
A fully electronic microfabricated gas chromatograph with complementary capacitive detectors for indoor pollutants (2016)

This paper reports a complete micro gas chromatography (μGC) system in which all the components are lithographically microfabricated and electronically interfaced. The components include a bi-directional Knudsen pump, a preconcentrator, separation columns and a pair of capacitive gas detectors; together, these form the <i>iGC3.c2</i> system. All the fluidic components of the system are fabricated by a common three-mask lithographic process. The Knudsen pump is a thermomolecular pump that provides air flow to the μGC without any moving parts. The film heaters embedded in the separation columns permit temperature programming. The capacitive detectors provide complementary response patterns, enhancing vapor recognition and resolving co-eluting peaks. With the components assembled on printed circuit boards, the system has a footprint of 8×10 cm<sup>2</sup> . Using room air as the carrier gas, the system is used to experimentally demonstrate the analysis of 19 chemicals with concentration levels on the order of parts per million (p.p.m.) and parts per billion (p.p.b.). The tested chemicals include alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes, halogenated hydrocarbons and terpenes. This set of chemicals represents a variety of common indoor air pollutants, among which benzene, toluene and xylenes (BTX) are of particular interest.
Inorganic Flexible Electronics: Materials, Strategies, and Applications (2022)

Flexible electronics have drawn great attentions from both academic researchers and industrial practitioners, due to their wide applications in military, medical, industrial, consumer electronics and others. Inorganic nanomaterials are of great interest as the functional materials for constructing high-performance and reliable flexible electronic devices. In this chapter, we review the recent development in this area, with a focus on the fundamentals and applications. This chapter begins with the materials strategies of flexible electronics, followed by the mechanical designs and assembly techniques for inorganic nanomembranes. Then, various types of flexible devices with different functionalities are summarized, and several system-level demonstration examples including flexible imaging systems, epidermal electronics for human health monitoring, bioimplantable electronics for sensing, and power supply systems are reviewed. Finally, this chapter concludes with the summary of current challenges and perspectives of this field, which provides possible future directions across the fundamental studies and practical applications.
Preparation and Long-Term Biodistribution Studies of a Pamam Dendrimer G5–Gd-BnDOTA Conjugate for Lymphatic Imaging (2014)

The use of G5-Gd-BnDOTA holds great promise for lymphatic imaging, but its slow clearance from the body might hamper its eventual clinical translation.
Biological determinants of photobioreactor design. Final report, September 1, 1993--August 31, 1995 (1997)

Microalgae is being considered for the capture and sequestration of CO{sub 2} from power-plant flue-gases. High productivity of microalgae is necessary to make this process cost effective compared to the conventional methods used for reducing CO{sub 2} levels in the atmosphere. This obviates the need for large-scale cultivation technologies and proper photobioreactor technology. The physical factors that influence the performance of a photoautotrophic microalgal culture are the quality and composition of light, inlet carbon dioxide concentration, nutrients, and secondary metabolites at high cell densities. In developing photobioreactor technology, balancing of biological processes to the physical rate process becomes important. The effect of various light compositions on the culture kinetics was studied. To determine the optimal composition, six wavelengths 470, 555, 560, 570, 580 and 605 nm, each supplemented with 680 nm of red light, were used to cultivate cultures. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that a monochromatic red light of 680 nm is sufficient to obtain maximum capacity.
Case report: recurrent metastatic breast cancer in internal mammary dissection bed discovered at the time of coronary bypass (2019)

Scarring in the LIMA dissection bed in patients with a history of cancer and prior chest radiation should be carefully evaluated for the possibility of recurrent cancer. The gross appearance of tissue can be misleading and sending a biopsy for a formal frozen section histologic evaluation should be considered if there is any question of recurrent malignancy.
Fused x-ray and fast neutron CT reconstruction for imaging large and dense objects (2022)

Megavolt x-ray computed tomography (CT) is a powerful tool for three-dimensional characterization. However, its utility is limited for large objects composed of high-atomic number (Z) materials, where x rays fail to penetrate. Information from fast neutron CT (FNCT) can complement x-ray CT reconstructions since fast neutrons can more readily penetrate high-Z objects. Here, we demonstrate a method for combining FNCT and x-ray CT data to create a single reconstruction, more accurate than could be achieved with either x rays or fast neutrons alone. The algorithm was tested on an exemplar comprising multiple concentric, nested cylinders of different materials. Simulated and empirical x-ray CT data were acquired for the exemplar using a 9 MV bremsstrahlung spectrum. Additional simulated and empirical FNCT data were acquired using an accelerator based fast neutron source. The FNCT data were used to synthesize x-ray CT data and augment the x-ray CT data missing due to lack of penetration. This approach mitigates artifacts that would otherwise negatively affect the accuracy and resolution of a single-modality reconstructed volume.
Insulin receptors with defective tyrosine kinase inhibit normal receptor function at the level of substrate phosphorylation. (1988)

Rat 1 fibroblasts have been transfected with the cDNA encoding a kinase-defective mutant human insulin receptor (A/K1018). Expression of this cDNA results in a receptor that is not only biologically inactive but also inhibits normal insulin action through the normal endogenous rat receptors in this fibroblast line (McClain, D. A., Maegawa, H., Lee, J., Dull, T. J., Ullrich, A., and Olefsky, J. M. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262, 14663-14671). We have investigated the mechanism of this inhibition and show that: 1) rat receptors are expressed at normal to increased levels in two cell lines which also express A/K1018 receptors at low (A/K1018-A, 5700 total receptors) or high (A/K1018-B, 2.2 x 10(5) total receptors) levels. 2) The rat receptors in the A/K1018 lines can be normally autophosphorylated under the control of insulin in vitro. 3) A/K1018 receptors do not inhibit the kinase activity of normal receptors when mixed together in vitro. 4) In intact A/K1018-B cells, the ability of insulin to stimulate autophosphorylation of the rat receptor is unimpaired; furthermore, the autophosphorylated rat receptor becomes normally activated as a tyrosine kinase. 5) The expression of receptors for insulin-like growth factor I and stimulation of hexose uptake mediated by this receptor are unaffected in cells expressing inhibitory A/K1018 receptors. 6) Expression of the A/K1018 receptor inhibits insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of two endogenous protein substrates (pp220 and pp170) by the native rat receptors. We conclude that the inhibition of insulin action seen in the A/K1018 cells is not mediated at the levels of native receptor expression or activation, nor is the effector (hexose uptake) mechanism affected by the A/K1018 receptors. The expression of this kinase-defective receptor does, however, inhibit the phosphorylation of substrate molecules by the normally activated endogenous rat receptors.
Orientation-Enhanced Parallel Coordinate Plots (2015)

Parallel Coordinate Plots (PCPs) is one of the most powerful techniques for the visualization of multivariate data. However, for large datasets, the representation suffers from clutter due to overplotting. In this case, discerning the underlying data information and selecting specific interesting patterns can become difficult. We propose a new and simple technique to improve the display of PCPs by emphasizing the underlying data structure. Our Orientation-enhanced Parallel Coordinate Plots (OPCPs) improve pattern and outlier discernibility by visually enhancing parts of each PCP polyline with respect to its slope. This enhancement also allows us to introduce a novel and efficient selection method, the Orientation-enhanced Brushing (O-Brushing). Our solution is particularly useful when multiple patterns are present or when the view on certain patterns is obstructed by noise. We present the results of our approach with several synthetic and real-world datasets. Finally, we conducted a user evaluation, which verifies the advantages of the OPCPs in terms of discernibility of information in complex data. It also confirms that O-Brushing eases the selection of data patterns in PCPs and reduces the amount of necessary user interactions compared to state-of-the-art brushing techniques.
OTFS -- Predictability in the Delay-Doppler Domain and its Value to Communication and Radar Sensing (2023)

In our first paper [2] we explained why the Zak-OTFS input-output (I/O) relation is predictable and non-fading when the delay and Doppler periods are greater than the effective channel delay and Doppler spreads, a condition which we refer to as the crystallization condition. We argued that a communication system should operate within the crystalline regime. It is well known that it is possible to identify a linear time varying (LTV) channel if and only if it is under-spread. The crystallization condition is more restrictive than the under-spread condition, so identification is always possible. In the crystalline regime, we show that Zak-OTFS pilot sequences minimize the complexity of identifying the effective DD domain channel filter. We demonstrate that the filter taps can simply be read off from the response to a single Zak-OTFS pilot. In general, we provide an explicit formula for reconstructing the Zak-OTFS I/O relation from a finite number of received pilot symbols in the delay-Doppler (DD) domain. This reconstruction formula makes it possible to study predictability of the Zak-OTFS I/O relation for a sampled system that operates under finite duration and bandwidth constraints. We analyze reconstruction accuracy for different choices of the delay and Doppler periods, and of the pulse shaping filter. Reconstruction accuracy is high when the crystallization condition is satisfied, implying that it is possible to learn directly the I/O relation without needing to estimate the underlying channel. This opens up the possibility of a model-free mode of operation, which is especially useful when a traditional model-dependent mode of operation (reliant on estimation of the underlying physical channel) is out of reach (for example, when the channel comprises of unresolvable paths, or exhibits a continuous delay-Doppler profile such as in presence of acceleration). Our study clarifies the
ArchShield (2013)

DRAM scaling has been the prime driver for increasing the capacity of main memory system over the past three decades. Unfortunately, scaling DRAM to smaller technology nodes has become challenging due to the inherent difficulty in designing smaller geometries, coupled with the problems of device variation and leakage. Future DRAM devices are likely to experience significantly high error-rates. Techniques that can tolerate errors efficiently can enable DRAM to scale to smaller technology nodes. However, existing techniques such as row/column sparing and ECC become prohibitive at high error-rates.
Morphology of nickel and nickel/gold contacts to gallium nitride (1998)

Changes in film morphology upon annealing Ni and Ni/Au contacts to GaN were examined using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Atomic force microscopy was performed on the GaN surface that was exposed by etching away the metal film. This technique was demonstrated to be a convenient and effective way to evaluate the morphology of the contact/semiconductor interface, rapidly providing spatial information in three dimensions. Metal island formation and a corresponding deep, nonuniform metal penetration into GaN were observed after annealing Ni/GaN and Au/Ni/GaN contacts above 800 and 700 °C, respectively.
Pulsed Electric Field-Assisted Cold Maceration of Cabernet franc and Cabernet Sauvignon Grapes (2013)

The effect of pulsed electric field treatment on the cold maceration (6 days at 6ºC) of Cabernet franc and Cabernet Sauvignon grapes was investigated. The parameters of grape juice pH, Brix, color intensity, anthocyanin and total polyphenol contents, and free radical scavenging activity were determined during the entire period of cold maceration. The high pulsed electric field treatment (5 kV/cm, 1 ms, 48 kJ/kg) enhanced significantly the extraction of flavonoid (quercetin 3-β-D-glucoside and epicatechin gallate) components after subsequent cold maceration of red grapes. The high treatment also enhanced the color intensity (75% for Cabernet franc and 68% for Cabernet Sauvignon) and increased the anthocyanin content of juice (from 87 to 172 mg/L for Cabernet franc and 168 to 269 mg/L for Cabernet Sauvignon). The moderate pulsed electric field treatments (400 and 800 V/cm, 50 to 100 ms) were less effective for polyphenol extraction but consumed less energy (3 to 40 kJ/kg). The wines obtained from treated Cabernet franc and Cabernet Sauvignon musts had higher phenolic content and color intensity during the alcoholic fermentation period than wines obtained from the untreated musts.
Membrane Penetration by Synaptotagmin Is Required for Coupling Calcium Binding to Vesicle FusionIn Vivo (2011)

The vesicle protein synaptotagmin I is the Ca(2+) sensor that triggers fast, synchronous release of neurotransmitter. Specifically, Ca(2+) binding by the C(2)B domain of synaptotagmin is required at intact synapses, yet the mechanism whereby Ca(2+) binding results in vesicle fusion remains controversial. Ca(2+)-dependent interactions between synaptotagmin and SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment receptor) complexes and/or anionic membranes are possible effector interactions. However, no effector-interaction mutations to date impact synaptic transmission as severely as mutation of the C(2)B Ca(2+)-binding motif, suggesting that these interactions are facilitatory rather than essential. Here we use Drosophila to show the functional role of a highly conserved, hydrophobic residue located at the tip of each of the two Ca(2+)-binding pockets of synaptotagmin. Mutation of this residue in the C(2)A domain (F286) resulted in a ∼50% decrease in evoked transmitter release at an intact synapse, again indicative of a facilitatory role. Mutation of this hydrophobic residue in the C(2)B domain (I420), on the other hand, blocked all locomotion, was embryonic lethal even in syt I heterozygotes, and resulted in less evoked transmitter release than that in syt(null) mutants, which is more severe than the phenotype of C(2)B Ca(2+)-binding mutants. Thus, mutation of a single, C(2)B hydrophobic residue required for Ca(2+)-dependent penetration of anionic membranes results in the most severe disruption of synaptotagmin function in vivo to date. Our results provide direct support for the hypothesis that plasma membrane penetration, specifically by the C(2)B domain of synaptotagmin, is the critical effector interaction for coupling Ca(2+) binding with vesicle fusion.
Hypersphere and Antiviral Activity of Three Alkyl Chain Iminocyclitols with D and L Ribitol Stereochemistry (2023)

<I>N</I>-Alkyl-C<sub>1</sub>-dialkyl chains iminocyclitols with D or L-ribitol stereochemistry are synthesized with high diastereoselectivity after Grignard reagents addition to <I>N</I>-quaternary pyrrolines salts, and tested for antiviral activity in bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), surrogate for hepatitis C virus (HCV). Dihedral angles are calculated from carbon chemical shift (δ<sub>Cn</sub>[ppm]) with 3-sphere method without building units. 3-Sphere, a hypersphere in 4D, under Hopf fibration and Lie algebra mathematics theories enable calculation of the dihedral angles from the NMR data (vicinal coupling constant <sup>3</sup><I>J</I><sub>HnHn+1</sub>[Hz], chemical shift δ<sub>Cn</sub>[ppm]). Instead of 3D manifold equations on seven sets unit or six sets units are proposed equations between 4D – 2D, in function of the curvature. The relationship between the antiviral activity and the iminocyclitol structure reveals that monoalkyl chain, <I>N</I>-n-C<sub>1</sub>-dodecyl β-L-ribitol trifloroacetate salt 30 (IC<sub>50</sub> 1.5 uM) has higher antiviral activity in tangential space, relative to three alkyl chain, <I>N</I>-Methyl-C<sub>1</sub>-butil, nonyl-L-ribitol. HCl 26 (IC<sub>50</sub> < 2 uM) with torus and Dupin cyclide coordinate, both with coordinates in 2D. Three alkyl chain isopropylidene protected pyrrolidine 25 has in 4D with all equations for calculation of the dihedral angles, and in protected pyrroline 19b double bond moves the coordinates in 2D.
Abstract C81: Preclinical evaluation of riluzole for the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma (2009)

Abstract Purpose: Emerging evidence suggests a role for glutamate and its receptors in the pathogenesis of several forms of cancer. Investigators from our institution have recently shown that the metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of melanoma and that inhibition of this pathway by the glutamate release inhibitor Riluzole results in suppression of cell growth. In this study we test the hypothesis that inhibition of metabotropic glutamate receptors by Riluzole in mantle cell lymphoma cells will result in a reduction of cell proliferation/survival. Experimental Design: Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) cell lines (MINO, JEKO and Rec-1) were treated with several concentration of the glutamate release inhibitor Riluzole. Samples were collected after 24, 48 and 72 hours of treatment and evaluated for cell viability and cell number by trypan blue exclusion, and cell proliferation and cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry. Apoptosis was evaluated by PARP cleavage and staining for Annexin V. Results: All three MCL cell lines treated with Riluzole demonstrated a significant decrease in cell number and cell viability with an IC50=25uM. MCL cells treated with Riluzole showed a block in S and G2/M of the cell cycle followed by apoptosis. Apoptosis was confirmed by annexin V expression and by PARP cleavage. Conclusions: Our date demonstrates that glutamate blockade with Riluzole results in the inhibition of mantle cell lymphoma proliferation, cell viability and the induction of cell cycle arrest at S and G2/M phases of the cell cycle. In addition, we show that the loss of cell viability is due to the activation of the apoptotic pathway. These preliminary findings suggest that expression of metabotropic glutamate receptors may be important in the pathogenesis and that targeting this pathway may provide a novel and effective therapy. Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(12 Suppl):C81.