gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Advanced planning and scheduling systems in aluminium conversion industry (2006)

Standard software packages, known as advanced planning and scheduling systems (APS), are often implemented to compute feasible production plans that can take into account several constraints (such as resources capacity), at different decision levels. In this research, emphasis is put on studying the relevance of APS principles in the specific area of the aluminium conversion industry (ACI). In this particular case, the characteristics of the processes involved (e.g. casting and rolling) are such that certain principles used by APS (e.g. finite capacity scheduling, constraint-based planning, bills of materials) may cause problems. This article extends a previous study related to the relevance of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems for ACI in the direction of APS. It aims at identifying benefits, but also limitations and problems, which may arise when implementing this type of system. In this respect, the main features of APS systems are recalled. Specific features of ACI that are likely to cause problems are identified. It is shown that, if APS are indeed attractive, in certain cases important limitations exist, which can significantly affect the performances (e.g. increasing the lateness of product delivery, overproducing or increasing scrap and inventories). Several results presented in the current article can be relevant for other types of process industries.
Automated multimodality concurrent classification for segmenting vessels in 3D spectral OCT and color fundus images (2011)

Segmenting vessels in spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) volumes is particularly challenging in the region near and inside the neural canal opening (NCO). Furthermore, accurately segmenting them in color fundus photographs also presents a challenge near the projected NCO. However, both modalities also provide complementary information to help indicate vessels, such as a better NCO contrast from the NCO-aimed OCT projection image and a better vessel contrast inside the NCO from fundus photographs. We thus present a novel multimodal automated classification approach for simultaneously segmenting vessels in SD-OCT volumes and fundus photographs, with a particular focus on better segmenting vessels near and inside the NCO by using a combination of their complementary features. In particular, in each SD-OCT volume, the algorithm pre-segments the NCO using a graph-theoretic approach and then applies oriented Gabor wavelets with oriented NCO-based templates to generate OCT image features. After fundus-to-OCT registration, the fundus image features are computed using Gaussian filter banks and combined with OCT image features. A k-NN classifier is trained on 5 and tested on 10 randomly chosen independent image pairs of SD-OCT volumes and fundus images from 15 subjects with glaucoma. Using ROC analysis, we demonstrate an improvement over two closest previous works performed in single modal SD-OCT volumes with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.87 (0.81 for our and 0.72 for Niemeijer's single modal approach) in the region around the NCO and 0.90 outside the NCO (0.84 for our and 0.81 for Niemeijer's single modal approach).
Effect of interleukin-1 (IL-1) blockade on cytokine synthesis: II. IL-1 receptor antagonist inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine synthesis by human monocytes (1992)

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulates interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) gene expression and synthesis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). IL-1 can also induce PBMC to synthesize IL-1 and TNF alpha. In the present study, we used IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) to determine the relative contribution of an IL-1-positive feedback loop to the total amount of LPS-induced cytokine synthesis. Pretreatment of PBMC with human recombinant IL-1ra reduced LPS-induced cytokine synthesis in a dose-dependent manner (P less than .001). Maximal inhibition was 33% for IL-1 alpha (P less than .01), 43% for IL-1 beta (P = .001), and 20% for TNF alpha (P less than .05). We consistently observed IL-1ra suppression of LPS-induced cytokines in PBMC of 38 volunteers. However, this phenomenon was not specific for LPS; 1 microgram/mL IL-1ra inhibited IL-1 beta synthesized in response to human recombinant IL-2 by 44% (P less than .001), toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 by 26% (P less than .05), and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate by 76% (P less than .001). IL-1ra added to PBMC 4 or 8 hours after stimulation with LPS still inhibited IL-1 beta synthesis by 44% (P less than .001) or 25% (P = .01), respectively. The steady state messenger RNA levels of IL-1 beta were reduced in PBMC stimulated by LPS in the presence of IL-1ra. In monocytes isolated by elutriation, IL-1ra reduced LPS-induced IL-1 alpha by 16% (P less than .001), IL-1 beta by 14% (P less than .05), and TNF alpha by 24% (P = .01). We conclude that IL-1-induced IL-1 significantly contributes to LPS-induced cytokine synthesis.
Smart multifunctional drug delivery towards anticancer therapy harmonized in mesoporous nanoparticles (2015)

Nanomedicine seeks to apply nanoscale materials for the therapy and diagnosis of diseased and damaged tissues. Recent advances in nanotechnology have made a major contribution to the development of multifunctional nanomaterials, which represents a paradigm shift from single purpose to multipurpose materials. Multifunctional nanomaterials have been proposed to enable simultaneous target imaging and on-demand delivery of therapeutic agents only to the specific site. Most advanced systems are also responsive to internal or external stimuli. This approach is particularly important for highly potent drugs (e.g. chemotherapeutics), which should be delivered in a discreet manner and interact with cells/tissues only locally. Both advances in imaging and precisely controlled and localized delivery are critically important in cancer treatment, and the use of such systems - theranostics - holds great promise to minimise side effects and boost therapeutic effectiveness of the treatment. Among others, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) are considered one of the most promising nanomaterials for drug delivery. Due to their unique intrinsic features, including tunable porosity and size, large surface area, structural diversity, easily modifiable chemistry and suitability for functionalization, and biocompatibility, MSNPs have been extensively utilized as multifunctional nanocarrier systems. The combination or hybridization with biomolecules, drugs, and other nanoparticles potentiated the ability of MSNPs towards multifunctionality, and even smart actions stimulated by specified signals, including pH, optical signal, redox reaction, electricity and magnetism. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art of multifunctional, smart drug delivery systems centered on advanced MSNPs, with special emphasis on cancer related applications.
PHR Revisioned – Navigating in the Personal Health Space (2014)

The field of health care and well-being services is changing due to economic and societal reasons. One consequence of this ongoing change is that individuals are encouraged to take an active role in their health and well-being related endeavours. The objective of our conceptual work is to support this change and identify mechanisms that can help individuals in their endeavours. Our work is based on the findings of a project that are reassembled under the metaphor of health navigator. The envisioned functions of the navigator are analysed using activity theory as the underlying framework, and as a consequence, human activity as the unit of analysis. The purpose of this integrative work is to create a concept that draws together the complex aspects that define one’s position in the health space; the overarching state of health related efforts.
Probing Lysine Acetylation with a Modification-Specific Marker Ion Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Electrospray-Mass Spectrometry with Collision-Induced Dissociation (2002)

Posttranslational acetylation of proteins regulates many diverse functions, including DNA recognition, protein-protein interaction, and protein stability. The identification of enzymes that regulate protein acetylation has revealed broader use of this modification than was previously suspected. In this study, we describe a method for identifying protein acetylation at lysine residues by analysis of digested protein using HPLC/ESI-MS with a new modification-specific marker ion. Collision-induced dissociation with capillary or nano-LC/ESI-TOF-MS was used to obtain a fragment ion useful as a marker for acetylated lysine. Although the acetylated lysine immonium ion at m/z 143.1 has been used as a marker ion for detecting acetylated lysine, it can be confused with internal fragment ion in some peptides, producing false positive results. We have found a novel marker ion at m/z 126.1, which is a further fragment ion induced by the loss of NH3 from the acetylated lysine immonium ions at m/z 143.1. This novel marker ion was found to be more specific and approximately 9 times more sensitive than the immonium ion at m/z 143.1. In addition, no interfering ions for acetylated peptides were found in the extracted ion chromatogram at m/z 126.1. The utility of this method was demonstrated with acetylated cytochrome c as a model compound. After the modification was probed by the new marker ion, the acetylated lysine site was determined by the CID-MS spectrum. This method was applied to identify histone H4 acetylation in HeLa cells treated with trichostatin A. Three protein bands separated by acid-urea-Triton gel electrophoresis were confirmed as tetra, tri, and diacetylated histone H4 at lysines 5, 8, 12, and 16. This method may be useful for assaying for lysine acetylation, which is an important regulatory process for a range of biological functions.
Two Perspectives on Mao Zedong (2010)

We close this critical introduction with two reflections on the entirety of Mao's life – one from a senior Chinese scholar and one from a senior Western scholar. Professor Jiang Yihua is a distinguished scholar of modern Chinese history at Fudan University, Shanghai. His research on Mao is extensive, as is his broader historical work. In addition, he lived through much of Mao's rule and now works and writes under the rule of Mao's successors in China. Professor Roderick MacFarquhar has resolutely made history part of the study of Chinese politics, from his work as founding editor of The China Quarterly, to his monumental trilogy, The Origins of the Cultural Revolution. As Professor in the Department of Government and leading force in the Fairbank Center for East Asian Research at Harvard University, MacFarquhar has shaped our views of Chinese politics under Mao.
Synthesis and reactive features of a terpolymer: Poly(N‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone‐co‐vinyl acetate‐co‐glycidyl methacrylate) (2012)

Abstract A polyvinyl pyrrolidone terpolymer system is described that can be chemically cross‐linked at moderate, 70–100°C, temperatures. The system has significant potential for development of durable long‐lasting pyrrolidone coatings in a wide range of applications, particularly in water filtration membrane construction where leaching is an unresolved, serious problem. The synthesis of the terpolymer, poly( N ‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone‐ co ‐vinyl acetate‐ co ‐glycidyl methacrylate), by free radical polymerization is described. The reactive features of this terpolymer are presented in the context of acidic anhydride curing. In a polar aprotic solvent, the terpolymer is reacted with poly(methyl vinyl ether‐ co ‐maleic acid) and cured thermally. Key aspects of the terpolymer synthesis and the acid anhydride cross‐linking reaction using DSC, rheology, FTIR, and a small molecule model system to study the cross‐linking chemistry are presented. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Multilocus Genotypic Analysis of Cryptosporidium parvum Isolates from Different Hosts and Geographical Origins (1998)

The genetic analysis of oocysts recovered from the stools of humans and animals infected with Cryptosporidium parvum has consistently shown the existence of two distinct genotypes. One of the genotypes is found exclusively in some human infections, whereas the other genotype is found in human as well as in animal infections. On the basis of these observations and the results of published epidemiological studies with single polymorphic markers, the existence of two separate transmission cycles has been postulated, one exclusively anthroponotic and the other involving both animals and humans. To test this hypothesis, C. parvum isolates of different geographic and host origins were analyzed by using unlinked genetic polymorphisms. A total of 28 isolates originating from Europe, North and South America, and Australia were examined. Isolates clustered into two groups, one comprising both human and animal isolates and the other comprising isolates only of human origin. The absence of recombinant genotypes is consistent with two reproductively isolated populations within the species C. parvum.
Multiwatt high-repetition-rate 2-µm output from an intracavity KTiOPO_4 optical parametric oscillator (2000)

We have obtained 6.5 W of 2-mum output from a near-degenerate, type II KTiOPO(4) (KTP) optical parametric oscillator (OPO) pumped within the cavity of a Q-switched diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser that operates at 3 kHz. We adopted the simplest configuration with a compact diode-pumped Nd:YAG module pumping the doubly resonant KTP OPO in its randomly polarized resonator with an acousto-optic Q switch. Attempts to increase the 2-mum output power by pumping this intracavity KTP OPO with a polarized laser beam by use of thermal birefringence compensation configurations are discussed.
The design and synthesis of 2,5-linked pyrrolinones. A potential non-peptide peptidomimetic scaffold (1996)

The de novo design and initial synthetic studies directed toward construction of a novel non-peptide scaffold for beta-strand/sheet and related secondary peptide structural mimics are described. The scaffold, consisting of a repeating array of 2,5,5-trisubstituted pyrrolinone (enaminone) units punctuated with appropriate amino acid side chains, is conceptually related to our previously successful 3,5-linked polypyrrolinone non-peptide peptidomimetic scaffold. Construction of the 2,5,5-trisubstituted pyrrolinone ring system proceeds via intramolecular condensation of an N-protected amino dione. The latter is prepared from a protected alpha-amino ketone and aldehyde via an aldol-oxidation reaction sequence.
Bone Marrow Small Molecule Radioprotectors. (2007)

Abstract Development of small molecule radioprotectors is a major national priority. Two groups of compounds have particular promise. The first group targets the mitochondria based upon previous data with transgene MnSOD which when expressed in the mitochondria prevents apoptosis and increases radioprotection. These agents contain the antioxidant tempol or nitric oxide synthetase inhibitor 2-amino-5,6-dihydro-6-methyl-4H-1,3-thiazine (AMT) attached to a hemi-gramicidin linker which targets the mitochondria. The second group consists of the dietary agent resveratrol and acetylated variants. Mouse hematopoietic progenitor 32Dcl3 cells were incubated for 1 hr in 10 μM tempol, AMT, or gramicidin linked tempol XJB-5-125 (tempol), XJB-7-75 (tempol) or JP4-039 (AMT). In separate experiments, 32Dcl3 cells were incubated for 1 hr in resveratrol or acetylated resveratrol. The cells were then irradiated to doses ranging from 0 to 8 Gy, plated in 0.8% methylcellulose, and incubated in a 5% CO2 incubator for 7 days. Colonies of greater than 50 cells were counted with the data analyzed using linear quadratic or single-hit, multi-target models. 32Dcl3 cells incubated in 10 μm tempol before irradiation resulted in no change in radiation sensitivity while incubation in XJB-5-125 or XJB-7-75 had decreased radiosensitivity. XJB-5-125 had an increased Do of 1.91 ± 0.67 Gy compared to 1.32 ± 0.09 Gy for 32Dcl3 cells incubated in tempol and 1.35 ± 0.27 Gy for control 32Dcl3 cells (p = 0.045 or 0.040, respectively). Incubation in XJB-5-75 resulted in an increased shoulder on the survival curve with an ñ of 19.4 ± 2.6 compared to 8.7 + 1.6 for cells incubated in tempol or 6.9 +1.8 for control 32Dcl3 cells (p = 0.025 or 0.022). Incubation in JP4-039 resulted in an increased Do of 2.2 ± 0.1 Gy compared to 1.24 ± 0.15 or 1.13 ± 0.06 for cells incubated in AMT or control 32Dcl3 cells only, respectively (p = 0.0115 or 0.0098, respectively). Incubation of 32Dcl3 cells in resveratrol or acetylated resveratrol before irradiation resulted in an increased shoulder on the survival curve of 33.2 ± 5.7 or 57.5 ± 9.9, respectively, compared to 6.9 ± 1.8 for 32Dcl3 cells (p = 0.0122 or 0.0072, respectively). These compounds were tested in mice receiving an LD50/30 irradiation dose. C57BL/6NHsd mice were injected intraperitoneally with 10 mg/kg of XJB-5-125, XJB-7-75or JP4-039 or 25 mg/kg of resveratrol or acetylated resveratrol and irradiated 10 mins later along with control mice to 9.5 Gy whole body irradiation. The mice injected with XJB-5-125, XJB-7-75, JP4-039 or acetylated-resveratrol had increased survival compared to control irradiated mice (p ≤ 0.0004). Therefore, four new small molecules have been identified which demonstrate significant radioprotective properties both in vitro and in vivo.
Proceedings of the 2007 ACM symposium on Document engineering (2007)

We welcome you to the Seventh ACM Symposium on Document Engineering -- DocEng 2007, which is being held August 28-31, 2007, at the University of Manitoba in Winnipeg. Always an eclectic symposium, the content of this year's conference emphasizes the increasing breadth associated with the term document. From banknotes to broadcasting, document engineering research is expanding and evolving: the combination of variable data printing and Moore's Law enabling increased document customization and multimedia composition. The program underscores this diversity, with research papers on topics such as multimedia standards, layout, classification, transformation, and paper-electronic document versioning.

For DocEng 2007, we received 44 full paper submissions of which 17 were accepted (39%) and 32 short paper submissions of which 16 were accepted (50%). We also accepted 6 of 12 (50%) of the working session, poster and demonstration submissions. All of these contributions were thoroughly refereed, with an average of more than four reviews for the full and short paper submissions.

This is the first time that the ACM DocEng symposium has been held in Canada, and we are thus especially pleased to have two Canadian keynote speakers, one from industry and the other from academia, as a highlight. Dr. Margaret-Anne (Peggy) Storey is providing a keynote talk that discusses the role of visualization tools to support the navigation of computer-based information landscapes, particularly in medical informatics and software engineering. Dr. Sara Church provides a keynote talk on the design, function, form, manufacture and security requirements of banknotes. DocEng 2007 also features a Working Session on Document Engineering Education chaired by Ethan Munson, which will allow educators to share teaching content and approaches for undergraduate and graduate education.
Private Autonomous System (AS) Removal Requirements (2015)

This document specifies operator's requirements for implementations
that remove Private Use Autonomous System (AS) numbers from the AS
path of routes sent to external Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) peers.
Targeted delivery of poly (methyl methacrylate) particles in colon cancer cells selectively attenuates cancer cell proliferation (2019)

International audience
Effect of High Pressure Torsion on Crystal Orientation to Improve the Thermoelectric Property of a Bi<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub>-Based Thermoelectric Semiconductor (2010)

A Bi2Te3-based thermoelectric semiconductor was subjected by high pressure torsion (HPT). Sample disks of p-type Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3.0 were cut from sintered compacts that were made by mechanically alloying (MA) followed by hot pressing. Disks were subjected by HPT with 1, 5 and 10 turns at 473 K under 6.0 GPa of pressure. Crystal orientation was investigated by X-ray diffraction. Microstructures were characterized using scanning electron microscopy. Results indicated that HPT disks after 5 turns had a preferred orientation and a fine grain compared with pre-HPT disks while the orientation factor was decreased after HPT using 10 turns. The power factor had a maximum value at 5 turns as determined by measuring its thermoelectric properties. A maximum power factor of 4.30×10-3 Wm-1K-2 was obtained for HPT disks after 5 turns. This value was larger than that for the pre-HPT disk. The over-HPT of 10 turns was found to have caused a decrease in the preferred orientation leading to a low power factor.
Abrogation of the Rb/p16 tumor-suppressive pathway in virtually all pancreatic carcinomas. (1997)

The Rb/p16 tumor-suppressive pathway is abrogated frequently in human tumors, either through inactivation of the Rb or p16INK4a/CDKN2/MTS1 tumor-suppressor proteins, or through alteration or overexpression of the cyclin D1 or cyclin-dependent kinase 4 oncoproteins. We reported previously that the p16 gene was genetically inactivated in 82% of pancreatic carcinomas. Nearly half of these inactivations were by intragenic mutation of p16, and the remainder were by homozygous deletion of the gene. Here, we analyzed pancreatic carcinomas for additional mechanisms by which the Rb/p16 pathway might be inactivated. Transcriptional silencing of the p16 gene in association with methylation of its 5'-CpG island was examined by methylation-specific PCR in 18 pancreatic carcinomas. Nine of these were known to harbor an intragenic mutation in p16, and nine had a wild-type p16 coding sequence. Seven of the 18 tumors were hypermethylated, and all 7 were p16 wild-type (P = 0.001). Complete silencing of transcription from methylated wild-type gene sequences was demonstrated. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed normal expression levels of the Rb protein in all carcinomas studied. None of the carcinomas had genomic amplification of the cyclin D1 or CDK4 genes, and none had mutation of the p16-binding domain of CDK4. An additional p16 mutation was identified. In total, the Rb/p16 pathway was abrogated in 49 of the 50 carcinomas (98%) studied, all through inactivation of the p16 gene. Similar results were obtained in an independently analyzed series of 19 pancreatic carcinomas. These data demonstrate the central role of the Rb/p16 pathway in the development of pancreatic carcinoma.
Distribution of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase and chloramphenicol-3-acetate esterase among Streptomyces and Corynebacterium. (1977)

Chloramphenicol-3-acetate esterase activity was detected in cell-free extracts of strains of Streptomyces venezuela, Streptomyces sp. and Streptosporangium viridogriseum var. kofuense which produced chloramphenicol and also Corynebacterium hydrocarboclastus which produced chloramphenicol analogs (corynecins). None of the cell-free extracts of chloramphenicol- or corynecin-producing strains possessed chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity under conditions which avoided the influenced of the esterase activity. Among 20 strains examined that did not produce chloramphenicol, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase was detected in cell-free extracts of one strain of Streptomyces coelicolor Müller and one strain of S. fradiae ISP5063.
In-situ Probing of Coherence in Hollow Waveguide High-order Harmonic Generation (2007)

We use counterpropagating light to observe the coherent buildup of harmonic generation in a hollow waveguide. By measuring the phase mismatch, we probe pressure-tuned phase matching and determine ionization levels at which harmonics are generated.