gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Observations on Changing Hemodynamics in Tricuspid Atresia Without Associated Transposition of the Great Vessels (1967)

Three patients are discussed who, in early infancy, presented with mild cyanosis, cardiac decompensation, failure to thrive, and pulmonary congestion. These manifestations were associated with tricuspid atresia without transposition of the great vessels. The clinical course of these children, who in varying periods of time became progressively more cyanotic, with hearts becoming smaller, and with decreasing pulmonary blood flow, is unique. Cardiac catheterization and angiocardiographic studies were obtained at each end of the clinical spectrum in all of the children. Although a closing ventricular septal defect is thought to be the cause of the decreasing pulmonary flow, the studies were not conclusive. In all three patients, palliative systemic venous-to-pulmonary arterial anastomosis (Glenn procedure) relieved the symptoms of hypoxia.
Site Specific Electropolymerization To Form Transition-Metal-Containing, Electroactive Polythiophenes (1998)

We report a series of novel bis(salicylidene) metal complexes that undergo oxidative electropolymerization to afford polymers comprised of three different backbone constitutions and a variety of film colors. The ligand architecture, being either N,N‘-bis(salicylidene)-3,4-diaminothiophene (SALOTH) or N,N‘-bis(salicylidene)-3‘,4‘-diamino-2,2‘:5‘,2‘‘-terthiophene (BTh−SALOTH), is based upon a thiophene or 2,2‘:5‘,2‘‘-terthiophene core with the imine functionalities attached at the 3-, 4-, or 3‘-,4‘-positions, respectively. This monomer design possesses two switchable polymerization sites that yield phenylene-linked backbones with unblocked salicylidene rings or polythiophenes with the use of methyl blocking groups. As expected with metal centers in direct electronic communication with the polymer chains, the metal type has a dramatic influence over electrochromic properties, with colors unique to each metal being achieved. For example, the Ni-containing films exhibit an orange-to-green redox transition while the Cu-containing analogues display a light green/dark green pair. Details of monomer synthesis as well as full electrochemical details for the monomers and polymers are presented.
Embedding communication symbols in radar clutter on an intrapulse basis (2018)

The concept of RCEC has been proposed, with the prospect of various different communication symbol and receive filter design strategies. Several of these symbol/filter designs were examined from the perspective of spectral containment, processing gain, probability of detection, and SER. Of the three proposed symbol designs, it was shown that the DP method of embedding communication symbols into clutter is the most effective from the perspectives of detectability, SER, and interference at the radar receiver. This symbol design offers significant improvements over a traditional DSSS design strategy. Finally, simulation results show that the DLDF provides the most robust performance for all symbol designs, independent of the incident clutter power.
Light-induced anomalous Hall conductivity in massive 3D Dirac semimetal Co$_3$Sn$_2$S$_2$ (2022)

Weyl semimetals can emerge from Dirac semimetals when the time-reversal or spatial-inversion symmetries are broken. Recently, it has been proposed based on the Floquet theory that Dirac semimetals can be converted into Weyl semimetals even by shining circularly polarized light (CPL). Here we have investigated the possibility of such a Dirac-Weyl conversion by measuring the CPL-induced anomalous Hall conductivity (AHC) in a massive 3D Dirac semimetal Co$_3$Sn$_2$S$_2$ in the paramagnetic phase using ultrafast mid-infrared pump-terahertz Faraday rotation probe spectroscopy. We find that the field-strength and driving frequency dependence of the observed AHC is well accounted for by CPL-induced nonzero Berry curvature associated with the splitting of the Dirac bands as predicted by the Floquet theory. The estimated splitting of the Dirac bands reaches about 60 % of the mass gap and the calculated CPL-induced AHC quantitatively reproduces the experimental observation, demonstrating a promising route toward the realization of Floquet-Weyl states from massive Dirac semimetals.
Developmental coupling of cerebral blood flow and fMRI fluctuations in youth (2022)

The functions of the human brain are metabolically expensive and reliant on coupling between cerebral blood flow (CBF) and neural activity, yet how this coupling evolves over development remains unexplored. Here, we examine the relationship between CBF, measured by arterial spin labeling, and the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) from resting-state magnetic resonance imaging across a sample of 831 children (478 females, aged 8-22 years) from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort. We first use locally weighted regressions on the cortical surface to quantify CBF-ALFF coupling. We relate coupling to age, sex, and executive functioning with generalized additive models and assess network enrichment via spin testing. We demonstrate regionally specific changes in coupling over age and show that variations in coupling are related to biological sex and executive function. Our results highlight the importance of CBF-ALFF coupling throughout development; we discuss its potential as a future target for the study of neuropsychiatric diseases.
"Patch on demand" saves even more time? [network security (2004)

Zero-day attacks are those for which users receive no prior warning and thus have no preventive measures in place. We integrate the vulnerability discovery, patch generation, and patch application cycles into a system that automatically detects a new attack, analyzes its modus operandi, determines the best software patch, and applies it at the desired level of granularity LAN, enterprise, or Internet-wide. We develop a vaccination system that automatically generates patches to protect an application's source code.
METHOXY ISOBUTYL ISONITRILE (MIBI) IN THE EVALUATION OF PRIMARY CARCINOMA OF THE LUNG: COMPARISON OF PLANAR AND SPECT TECHNIQUES (1993)

Waxman, A D; Khan, S; Julien, P; Braum, E; Ashok, G; Ramanna, L; Katz, R D; Epstein, A; Weber, A; Wolfe, R Author Information
Simulating Nonholonomic Dynamics (2010)

This paper develops different discretization schemes for nonholonomic mechanical systems through a discrete geometric approach. The proposed methods are designed to account for the special geometric structure of the nonholonomic motion. Two different families of nonholonomic integrators are developed and examined numerically: the geometric nonholonomic integrator (GNI) and the reduced d'Alembert-Pontryagin integrator (RDP). As a result, the paper provides a general tool for engineering applications, i.e. for automatic derivation of numerically accurate and stable dynamics integration schemes applicable to a variety of robotic vehicle models.
Formation of γ-Fe2O3 Isolated Nanoparticles in a Silica Matrix (1997)

Isolated nanometric particles (D < 30 nm) of γ-Fe2O3 in a silica matrix have been prepared by heating at 400 °C the gel formed in the hydrolysis of an ethanol solution of Fe(NO3)3·9H2O and tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS). However, when FeCl3·6H2O was used as precursor, well-developed hematite particles were obtained in the final composite. This different behavior was already manifest in the initial gels. Thus, the gel obtained from iron nitrate salt shows a compact appearance as a result of its higher degree of network connectivity (polymeric gel) whereas the one from the iron chloride appears more loose and highly hygroscopic (colloidal gel). In addition, small superparamagnetic nuclei are formed during the hydrolysis and condensation of the gel obtained from the iron nitrate salt. The γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticle formation takes place through a reduction−oxidation reaction which occurs during the burning of the organic species trapped inside the gel pore. The growth mechanism of the γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles in the silica network has been studied as well as the optimum conditions for their preparation. Thus, γ-Fe2O3 nanocomposites with different particle sizes and distributions can be prepared by adequate modification of the initial gel microstructure through different gelation times, salt concentrations, and mechanical treatment. Superparamagnetic behavior has been found in all nanocomposites at room temperature, meanwhile at 70 K, a transition from superparamagnetic to ferrimagnetic behavior is observed as the particle size increases. In all cases, the variation in particle size observed by X-ray diffraction corresponds well with changes in the saturation magnetization for the γ-Fe2O3 nanocomposites. Similar size effects are also found via the coercivity values at 70 and 5 K.
Active 3D Motion Visualization Based on Spatiotemporal Light-Ray Integration (2020)

In this paper, we propose a method of visualizing 3D motion with zero latency. This method achieves motion visualization by projecting special high-frequency light patterns on moving objects without using any feedback mechanisms. For this objective, we focus on the time integration of light rays in the sensing system of observers. It is known that the visual system of human observers integrates light rays in a certain period. Similarly, the image sensor in a camera integrates light rays during the exposure time. Thus, our method embeds multiple images into a time-varying light field, such that the observer of the time-varying light field observes completely different images according to the dynamic motion of the scene. Based on this concept, we propose a method of generating special high-frequency patterns of projector lights. After projection onto target objects with projectors, the image observed on the target changes automatically depending on the motion of the objects and without any scene sensing and data analysis. In other words, we achieve motion visualization without the time delay incurred during sensing and computing.
Topology Free Resilient Distributed Estimation (2018)

This paper studies resilient distributed estimation under measurement attacks. A set of agents each makes successive local, linear, noisy measurements of an unknown vector field collected in a vector parameter. The local measurement models are heterogeneous across agents and may be locally unobservable for the unknown parameter. An adversary compromises some of the measurement streams and changes their values arbitrarily. The agents' goal is to cooperate over a peer-to-peer communication network to process their (possibly compromised) local measurements and estimate the value of the unknown vector parameter. We present SAGE, the Saturating Adaptive Gain Estimator, a distributed, recursive, consensus+innovations estimator that is resilient to measurement attacks. We demonstrate that, as long as the number of compromised measurement streams is below a particular bound, then, SAGE guarantees that all of the agents' local estimates converge almost surely to the value of the parameter. The resilience of the estimator -- i.e., the number of compromised measurement streams it can tolerate -- does not depend on the topology of the inter-agent communication network. Finally, we illustrate the performance of SAGE through numerical examples.
ACTR-34. INTEGRATED CLINICAL EXPERIENCE WITH ONC201 IN PREVIOUSLY-TREATED H3 K27M-MUTANT GLIOMA PATIENTS (2018)

H3 K27M-mutant gliomas have a dismal clinical prognosis and no proven curative therapy. We report the updated clinical experience with ONC201, the first cancer-specific DRD2 antagonist, in adult and pediatric H3 K27M-mutant gliomas. As of May 28, 2018, 26 patients with H3 K27M-mutant glioma have been treated with ONC201: 9 pediatric (<18 years old) and 17 adult patients (>18 years old). Twelve patients had recurrent disease and 14 had previously-treated stable disease prior to initiating ONC201. Patients had 1–4 prior lines of therapy and all received prior radiation. Ten adult patients were enrolled on clinical trials and the other 16 were on compassionate use. ONC201 was orally administered at 625 mg to adults and scaled by body weight for pediatric patients. All patients, except one, were dosed weekly. Fourteen of 26 patients (54%) remain progression-free on ONC201 with a median follow up of 3.6 (range 1.6–24.5) months. No dose modifications or discontinuation due to toxicity have occurred. Among the 12 adult patients with recurrent disease who received single agent ONC201, the estimated PFS6 is 36.5%. Seven patients have experienced radiographic and/or clinical benefit (neurological stabilization or improvement). Among the 5 adults with recurrent thalamic glioma, three have experienced durable complete regression of their thalamic tumors, including the first H3 K27M-mutant glioma patient treated with ONC201 who has experienced 96% regression of her recurrent disease and continues single agent ONC201 for >2 years. Two DIPG pediatric patients who initiated single agent ONC201 6–8 weeks after radiation have experienced radiographic and neurological improvements and exhibited PFS of >13 months from diagnosis. Emerging clinical data suggest that ONC201 exhibits clinical activity for some patients with H3 K27M-mutant glioma.
Some Relationships Between the Physical Properties of Various 3-Acyloxymethyl Prodrugs of Phenytoin to Structure: Potential in Vivo Performance Implications (1998)

Physicochemical properties of neutral N-acyloxyalkyl derivatives of phenytoin in aqueous, organic solvents and simulated intestinal fluid were evaluated. Based on the hypothesis that these low melting prodrugs may have improved physical properties such as solubility and dissolution rate in gastrointestinal fluid, an enhanced bioavailability of these prodrugs may be observed relative to phenytoin. Melting points, aqueous solubilities, and octanol-water (Poct) and cylcohexane-water (Pcyc) partition coefficients of phenytoin and its prodrugs were determined. A simulated intestinal bile salts-lecithin mixture (SIBLM) was also prepared to possibly mimic the intestinal fluid content. Solubility and dissolution rates of phenytoin and its prodrugs were conducted in aqueous buffer and SIBLM. Apparent micelle-water partition coefficients (Kapp) were calculated by using the aqueous and SIBLM equilibrium solubility data. These properties were qualitatively or quantitatively correlated to the alkyl chain length of the prodrugs. The melting points and aqueous solubilities of all the prodrugs were lower than that of the parent compound, phenytoin. The apparent micelle-water partition coefficient increased with an increase in chain length but unlike the octanol-water and cyclohexane-water partition coefficients the relationship was complex. There was a disproportionate increase in the interaction between the micelle and the prodrug with the prodrugs with alkyl groups larger than four carbons. In SIBLM, the solubilities and dissolution rates were increased to a greater extent for the prodrugs than that for phenytoin. The implications are that the bioavailability of phenytoin from these prodrugs may be comparable to or higher than that of phenytoin despite having lower aqueous solubilities, especially after a meal inducing bile flow.
Supplementary Figure S11 from Preclinical Antitumor Efficacy of BAY 1129980—a Novel Auristatin-Based Anti-C4.4A (LYPD3) Antibody–Drug Conjugate for the Treatment of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Anti-tumor efficacy of C4.4A-ADC in NSCLC PDX models in mice.&lt;/p&gt;
Pulse-induced resistive and capacitive switching in TiO2 thin film devices (2013)

In this study, we exploit the non-zero crossing current–voltage characteristics exhibited by nanoscale TiO2 based solid-state memristors. We demonstrate that the effective resistance and capacitance of such two terminal devices can be modulated simultaneously by appropriate voltage pulsing. Our results prove that both resistive and capacitive switching arise naturally in nanoscale Pt/TiO2/Pt devices under an external bias, this behaviour being governed by the formation/disruption of conductive filaments through the TiO2 thin film.
ChemInform Abstract: An Ammonia Equivalent for the Palladium‐Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Halides and Triflates. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
AoA and source polarization estimation with circularly polarized multibeam antenna using MUSIC algorithm (2017)

The angle-of-arrival estimation algorithm MUSIC using a multibeam antenna was investigated. The antenna is composed of four circularly polarized antenna elements and a beam-forming network, which provides a switchable set of radiation patterns with distinct main lobe directions. Circularly polarized lobes are not affected from random source inclinations in terms of polarization losses. But they have a limited axial ratio beamwidth, being a limitation for direction finding algorithm based on phase difference. This limitation is illustrated and utilizing the MUSIC algorithm. Compensation of the effect of source inclination on the direction of arrival estimation with a multibeam antenna is presented.
Two-Photon Coincident-Frequency Entanglement via Extended Phase Matching (2005)

We demonstrate a new class of frequency-entangled states generated via spontaneous parametric down-conversion under extended phase-matching conditions. Biphoton entanglement with coincident signal and idler frequencies is observed over a broad bandwidth in periodically poled KTiOPO4. We demonstrate high visibility in Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometric measurements under pulsed pumping without spectral filtering, which indicates excellent frequency indistinguishability between the down-converted photons. The coincident-frequency entanglement source is useful for quantum information processing and quantum measurement applications.
Skeletal Muscle Differentiation of Embryonic Mesoangioblasts Requires Pax3 Activity (2008)

Mesoangioblasts have been characterized as a population of vessel-associated stem cells able to differentiate into several mesodermal cell types, including skeletal muscle. Here, we report that the paired box transcription factor Pax3 plays a crucial role in directing mouse mesoangioblasts toward skeletal myogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Mesoangioblasts isolated from the aorta of Pax3 null embryos are severely impaired in skeletal muscle differentiation, whereas most other differentiation programs are not affected by the absence of Pax3. Moreover, Pax3(-/-) null mesoangioblasts failed to rescue the myopathic phenotype of the alpha-sarcoglycan mutant mouse. In contrast, mesoangioblasts from Pax3 gain of function, Pax3(PAX3-FKHR/+), mice display enhanced myogenesis in vitro and are more efficient in regenerating new muscle fibers in this model of muscular dystrophy. These data demonstrate that Pax3 is required for the differentiation of mesoangioblast stem cells into skeletal muscle, in keeping with its role in orchestrating entry into the myogenic program.
High Performance Roll‐to‐Roll Produced Fullerene‐Free Organic Photovoltaic Devices via Temperature‐Controlled Slot Die Coating (2018)

Abstract Solution‐processed organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have continued to show their potential as a low‐cost power generation technology; however, there has been a significant gap between device efficiencies fabricated with lab‐scale techniques—i.e., spin coating—and scalable deposition methods. Herein, temperature‐controlled slot die deposition is developed for the photoactive layer of OPVs. The influence of solution and substrate temperatures on photoactive films and their effects on power conversion efficiency (PCE) in slot die coated OPVs using a 3D printer‐based slot die coater are studied on the basis of device performance, molecular structure, film morphology, and carrier transport behavior. These studies clearly demonstrate that both substrate and solution temperatures during slot die coating can influence device performance, and the combination of hot substrate (120 °C) and hot solution (90 °C) conditions result in mechanically robust films with PCE values up to 10.0% using this scalable deposition method in air. The efficiency is close to that of state‐of‐the‐art devices fabricated by spin coating. The deposition condition is translated to roll‐to‐roll processing without further modification and results in flexible OPVs with PCE values above 7%. The results underscore the promising potential of temperature‐controlled slot die coating for roll‐to‐roll manufacturing of high performance OPVs.
Steps towards natural language to data language translation using general semantic information (2021)

The aim of the work reported here is to maximise the use of general semantic information in an AI task processor, specifically in a system front end for converting natural language questions into formal database queries. The paper describes the translation component of such a front end, which is designed to work from the question meaning representation produced by a language analyser exploiting only general semantics and syntax, to a formal query relying on database-specific semantics and syntax. Translation is effected in three steps, and the paper suggests that the rich and explicit meaning representations using semantic primitives produced for input sentences by the analyser constitute a natural and effective base for further processing.
Multiple-Micronutrient Fortification Technology Development and Evaluation: From Lab to Market (2003)

At the World Summit for Children (New York, 1990), a resolution was passed to eliminate vitamin A and iodine deficiencies and significantly reduce iron-deficiency anemia by the year 2000. In responding to this urgent call, we developed a unique multiple-micronutrient fortification delivery system called “GrowthPlus/CreciPlus ® .” Using this technology, a fortified powder fruit drink has been formulated and extensively evaluated. One serving of the product delivers the following US recommended dietary allowances: 20–30% of iron; 10–35% of vitamin A; 25–35% of iodine; 100–120% of vitamin C; 25–35% of zinc; 15–35% of folate; and 10–50% of vitamins E, B 2 , B 6 , and B 12 . This was accomplished through (a) identifying and selecting the right fortificants, and (b) understanding their chemical and physical properties that contribute to multiple problems (product acceptability, stability, and bioavailability). Data from a home-use test showed fortification with the “Multiple-Fortification Technology” has no effect on the appearance and taste of the eventually consumed powder fruit drink. One-year stability studies demonstrated that iodine and the vitamins have adequate stability. Bioavailability evaluation by using double-isotope labeling technique showed that the iron from the fortified powder drink has excellent bioavailability (23.4% ± 6.7). In conclusion, a powder fruit drink has been clinically demonstrated to deliver multiple micronutrients, which include adequate levels of bioavailable iron, vitamin A, iodine, zinc, vitamin C, and B vitamins, without compromising taste, appearance, and bioavailability. The critical limiting step in the micronutrient fortification program is the production and distribution of the multiplemicronutrient-fortified product. The fortified powder drink was marketed in Venezuela under the brand name NutriStar ® .