gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microwave versus Conductive Heating Their Effect on the Solvent–assisted Dyeing of Polyester Fibre with Anthraquinonoid Disperse Dyes (1979)

The rates of dyeing of polyester fibre with amino– and hydroxy–substituted anthraquinones in aqueous N, N–dimethylformamide (DMF) using microwave and conductive heating have been compared. Structural changes, commonly associated with interactions between DMF and polyester fibre, were limited and minimal shrinkage occurred due to the low DMF to water ratio and short dyeing times. Tensile properties reflected this minimal shrinkage through increased elongation at break, and differential scanning calorimetry also indicated that structural changes were minimal. Microwave radiation increased dye diffusion, shrinkage, and elongation at break compared to conductive heating. It is believed that molecular oscillation within the microwave–irradiated dyebath increases the rate of migration of dye to the fibre interface and enhances the plasticization of the polymer by DMF, thereby increasing the rate of dye diffusion within the fibre. Localization of energy associated with the use of microwave radiation is believed to be the predominant cause of increase in the rate of dyeing.
Possible Role of Somatostatin in the Regulation of the Sexually Differentiated Steroid Metabolism and Prolactin Receptor in Rat Liver* (1983)

The regulation of the sexually differentiated metabolism of 4-[4-14C]androstene-3,17-dione and the presence of PRL receptors in rat liver were studied. Electrolytic lesions in male rats placed in a restricted area in the anterior hypothalamic periventricular area caused a feminization of hepatic steroid metabolism (i.e. increased the 5 alpha-reductase and decreased the 6 beta- and 16 alpha-hydroxylase activities) and of the levels of PRL receptors (increased binding of [125I]-labeled human PRL). After periventricular lesions, histochemical analysis revealed a decrease in somatostatin-like immunoreactive cell bodies in the periventricular area. Also the number of immunoreactive somatostatin fibers in the median eminence was dramatically reduced. Somatostatin levels in the median eminence, as measured by RIA, were reduced to approximately 2-10% of control values after periventricular lesions. Large lesions in the amygdaloid complex in male rats caused a partial feminization of hepatic steroid metabolism and PRL receptors. Passive immunization during 4 days by multiple injections of an antiserum generated against somatostatin resulted in a partial feminization of the male rat liver. When somatostatin was injected into female rats, the PRL receptors were reduced to approximately 60% of the control female receptor levels. The present study indicates that the anterior periventricular hypothalamic area is important in the control of the sexually differentiated steroid metabolism and PRL receptors in the liver and that the amygdaloid complex also may have regulatory influences on this system. A possible central neuro-endocrine mediator of these sex differences in the liver could be somatostatin or a related compound.
Optically Switched Arrayed Waveguide Gratings Using Phase Modulation (2006)

This paper reports a theoretical analysis of novel optically switched arrayed waveguide gratings (AWG) based on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform using phase modulation. The phase modulation can be achieved by integrating optical phase modulators across the grating arms, incorporating four-way splitters and combiners to reduce the thermal optic effect. The phase modulator operates by injecting the free carriers to change the refractive index in the guiding region, hence allowing different wavelengths to route to different output waveguides. Also, with appropriate absorption caused by the free carriers, optical switching can be performed. We demonstrate by computer simulation the optical and electrical characteristics of the devices using a three-dimensional (3-D) beam propagation method (BPM) (optical) and the two-dimensional (2-D) device simulation package SILVACO (electrical). The drive current necessary for switching the wavelength in question by one waveguide distance is approximately 0.17 mA/ mum and the attenuation factor is approximately 1 dB. These devices are useful for broad application in both wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) networks and photonics integrated circuits
Potential of mean force between a spherical particle suspended in a nematic liquid crystal and a substrate: Sphere size effects (2004)

The expanded ensemble density of states method (ExEDOS) is used to investigate the effective interaction of a spherical colloidal particle suspended in a confined liquid crystal (LC) with a substrate. The potential of mean force (PMF) is determined as a function of the normal distance between the particle and the substrate's surface. The presence of the substrate induces a layered structure of the LC, which in turn greatly influences the PMF. We analyze the structure of the Saturn ring defect that accompanies the colloidal sphere, and find that the ring is displaced slightly towards the surface when the sphere is within the first LC surface layer. A transition occurs from an overall attraction of the colloid to the substrate to a global repulsion when the sphere's radius is roughly twice the length of the LC molecules.
Accelerated IoT Anti-Jamming: A Game Theoretic Power Allocation Strategy (2022)

A jamming combating power allocation strategy is proposed to secure the data communication in IoT networks. The proposed strategy aims to minimize the worst case jamming effect on the intended transmission under multi channel fading and total power constraints by modelling the problem as a Colonel Blotto game Nash Equibrium (NE). Both Logistic Regression as well as a specifically designed algorithm are used to iteratively and rapidly obtain the equilibrium strategy. The conducted theoretical derivations and Monte Carlo simulations confirm that the proposed approach can secure the IoT network with a limited amount of power and with a number of iterations that is much reduced compared to state-of-the-art techniques.
Nonlinear Nano-Photonics (2013)

We discuss electro-optic modulators (up to 64QAM at a data rate 150 Gbit/s), waveguides for efficient sum and difference frequency generation, comb line generation with a Kerr-nonlinear ring resonator, and a surface plasmon polariton modulator.
Colonization-Resistant Antimicrobial-Coated Peritoneal Dialysis Catheters: Evaluation in a Newly Developed Rat Model of Persistent Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Peritonitis (2002)

Liposomal ciprofloxacin hydrogel-coated silicone resists colonization in this rat model of persistent P. aeruginosa peritonitis.
The Electronic Structures of Square-Planar Metal Complexes. II. The Complexes of Maleonitriledithiolate with Copper(II), Nickel(II), Palladium(II), and Platinum(II) (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Electronic Structures of Square-Planar Metal Complexes. II. The Complexes of Maleonitriledithiolate with Copper(II), Nickel(II), Palladium(II), and Platinum(II)E. Billig, Raymond Williams, I. Bernal, James H. Waters, and Harry B. GrayCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1964, 3, 5, 663–666Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50015a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50015a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1365Altmetric-Citations107LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An Animal Model for the Study of Neurotoxicity of Bacterial Products and Application of the Model to Demonstrate that Shiga Toxin and Lipopolysaccharide Cooperate in Inducing Neurologic Disorders (1995)

An approach for studying neurotoxicity of bacterial products is presented. Pentylenetetrazol, a convulsant drug, was injected into mice, and increased sensitivity to pentylenetetrazol was used as an indicator of neurotoxicity. The preinjection of sonicates of Shigella dysenteriae 60R or Escherichia coli H30 (producing Shiga toxin or Shiga-like toxin I, respectively) enhanced the response of mice to pentylenetetrazol within 6 h. This was indicated by a higher mean convulsion score, increased number of mice responding with convulsions, and induction of seizures in animals pretreated with a subepileptic dose of pentylenetetrazol. Preinjection of purified Shiga toxin significantly changed the response to pentylenetetrazol only when coadministered with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS); mean convulsion scores were 1.6 and 0.9 for the Shiga toxin-LPS group and controls, respectively. LPS alone did not affect sensitivity to pentylenetetrazol. These results suggest that Shiga toxin and LPS together induce neurologic disorders early in the course of infection.
Abstract 13824: Impact of the Transcription Factor GATA2 in Endothelial Cells on the Development of Heart Failure Through the Regulation of Two Secreted Long Non-Coding RNAs (2014)

Background: It was proposed that capillary endothelial cells secrete paracrine factors to protect cardiomyocytes during hemodynamic overload. Here, we hypothesize that the endothelial cell transcription factor GATA2, which is activated by mechanical stimuli, might be a central regulator of the protective paracrine response during cardiac pressure overload. Methods and Results: In order to test this, we exposed endothelial cell specific, tamoxifen inducible GATA2 knock-out (G2-EC-KO) or wild-type (WT) mice to pressure overload by inducing a transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Two weeks after surgery, there was no difference in sham operated mice of both genotypes, but G2-EC-KO mice after TAC displayed severely aggravated cardiac hypertrophy, increased pulmonary congestion and decreased cardiac function, while no enhanced fibrosis was detected. Investigation of stress signalling pathways revealed a prominent activation of p38 MAP kinases and Akt in cardiomyocytes after TAC only in WT mice, but not in G2-E...
Chemistry of Gene Silencing:  The Mechanism of NAD+-Dependent Deacetylation Reactions (2001)

The Sir2 enzyme family is responsible for a newly classified chemical reaction, NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylation. New peptide substrates, the reaction mechanism, and the products of the acetyl transfer to NAD(+) are described for SIR2. The final products of SIR2 reactions are the deacetylated peptide and the 2' and 3' regioisomers of O-acetyl ADP ribose (AADPR), formed through an alpha-1'-acetyl ADP ribose intermediate and intramolecular transesterification reactions (2' --> 3'). The regioisomers, their anomeric forms, the interconversion rates, and the reaction equilibria were characterized by NMR, HPLC, 18O exchange, and MS methods. The mechanism of acetyl transfer to NAD(+) includes (1) ADP ribosylation of the peptide acyl oxygen to form a high-energy O-alkyl amidate intermediate, (2) attack of the 2'-OH group on the amidate to form a 1',2'-acyloxonium species, (3) hydrolysis to 2'-AADPR by the attack of water on the carbonyl carbon, and (4) an SIR2-independent transesterification equilibrating the 2'- and 3'-AADPRs. This mechanism is unprecedented in ADP-ribosyl transferase enzymology. The 2'- and 3'-AADPR products are candidate molecules for SIR2-initiated signaling pathways.
Bis(2,6-diphenylphenolato)(2-methylquinolin-8-olato)aluminium(III) (2006)

The title compound, [Al(C10H8NO)2(C18H13O)], is representative of the class of compounds commonly known as the blue aluminium chelates (BAlq) that are useful in organic electroluminescent devices. The geometry of this compound is approximately trigonal–bipyramidal, with the trigonal base formed by the O donor atoms of the phenolate and two quinolinolate ligands.
Activated matriptase as a target to treat breast cancer with a drug conjugate (2018)

The antitumor effects of a novel antibody drug conjugate (ADC) was tested against human solid tumor cell lines and against human triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) xenografts in immunosuppressed mice. The ADC targeting activated matriptase of tumor cells was synthesized by using the potent anti-tubulin toxin, monomethyl auristatin-E linked to the activated matriptase-specific monoclonal antibody (M69) via a lysosomal protease-cleavable dipeptide linker. This ADC was found to be cytotoxic against multiple activated matriptase-positive epithelial carcinoma cell lines <i>in vitro</i> and markedly inhibited growth of triple negative breast cancer xenografts and a primary human TNBC (PDX) <i>in vivo</i>. Overexpression of activated matriptase may be a biomarker for response to this ADC. The ADC had potent anti-tumor activity, while the unconjugated M69 antibody was ineffective in a mouse model study using MDA-MB-231 xenografts in mice. Treatment of a human TNBC (MDA-MB-231) showed potent anti-tumor effects in combination with cisplatin in mice. This ADC alone or in combination with cisplatin has the potential to improve the treatment outcomes of patients with TNBC as well as other tumors overexpressing activated matriptase.
Scoring algorithm to predict survival after nephrectomy and immunotherapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (2003)

In patients with metastatic RCC who were treated with nephrectomy and IL-2 immunotherapy, regional lymph node status, constitutional symptoms, location of metastases, sarcomatoid histology, and TSH levels were associated with survival. The authors present a scoring algorithm based on these features that can be used to predict survival in patients who present with metastatic RCC and to stratify such patients for prospective clinical trials.
Minimization of immunosuppression in adult liver transplantation: new strategies and tools (2010)

Current immunosuppressive regimens reduce acute rejection episodes but promote a number of complications that have a negative impact on patient morbidity, mortality and quality of life. In this setting, achievement of tolerance is a major goal. Although there are no reliable markers to identify tolerant patients, recent studies have found that tolerant liver recipients exhibit unique peripheral blood transcriptional patterns. The difference in expression patterns is related to the immune response and could constitute the basis of a future diagnostic test of tolerance.
Bone tissue response to implant surfaces functionalized with phosphate‐containing polymers (2012)

Implant surface treatment with phosphate-containing polymers may positively influence osseointegration.
Exciting Times for Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Vaccine Development: Navigating the Pathways toward the Goal of Protecting Infants against Congenital CMV Infection (2020)

The congenital transmission of cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is the most common infectious cause of disability in children in the developed world, and probably globally [...].
The oxidation of zinc in air studied by XPS and AES (1983)

The oxidation of zinc in air at 294 K has been studied for exposure times from 1 min to 150 h. The fraction of zinc in the Zn+2 valence state has been determined by high resolution Auger electron spectroscopy. Surface oxide thickness was measured by using AES with argon ion sputter etching. The adsorbed oxygen was shown by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to be in two states, one corresponding to O−2 in ZnO, the other being chemisorbed oxygen. The two O1s photoelectron peaks were partially resolved by means of a van Cittert-type deconvolution calculation and the relative separation was found to be 1.7 eV, in agreement with that for low level O2 adsorption of polycrystalline zinc under UHV conditions.1 The effect of temperature was also determined in the range of 294–573 K. The fraction of zinc in the Zn+2 valence state after 1 h exposure was found to increase nearly linearly with temperature, with ZnO formation complete at 573 K.
Risk-constrained energy management with multiple wind farms (2013)

To achieve the goal of high wind power penetration in future smart grids, economic energy management accounting for the stochastic nature of wind power is of paramount importance. Multi-period economic dispatch and demand-side management for power systems with multiple wind farms is considered in this paper. To address the challenge of intrinsically stochastic availability of the non-dispatchable wind power, a chance-constrained optimization problem is formulated to limit the risk of supply-demand imbalance based on the loss-of-Ioad probability (LOLP). Since the spatio-temporal joint distribution of the wind power generation is intractable, a novel scenario approximation technique using Monte Carlo sampling is pursued. Enticingly, the problem structure is leveraged to obtain a sample-size-free problem formulation, thus making it possible to accommodate a very small LOLP requirement even with a long scheduling time horizon. Finally, to capture the temporal and spatial correlation among power outputs of multiple wind farms, an autoregressive model is introduced to generate the required samples based on wind speed distribution models as well as the wind-speed-to-power-output mappings. Numerical results are provided to corroborate the effectiveness of the novel approach.
Trench Assisted Multi-Core Fiber with Large Aeff over 100 μm2 and Low Attenuation Loss (2011)

By applying trench index profile, we successfully developed multi-core fibers with large Aeff over 100 μm2 and attenuation loss as low as 0.2 dB/km at 1550 nm. The low cross-talk properties were also confirmed.
Cited2 modulates hypoxia‐inducible factor–dependent expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in nucleus pulposus cells of the rat intervertebral disc (2008)

Results of this study indicate that in nucleus pulposus cells, HIF-2 and HIF-1 modulate their own transcriptional activity through cited2. We suggest that the 2 arms of the regulatory circuit serve to maintain survival activities and inhibit angiogenesis in the healthy disc.
Relative contributions of different neural sources to the EEG (2023)

Dogma dictates that the EEG signal is generated by postsynaptic currents (PSCs) because there are an enormous number of synapses in the brain, and PSCs have relatively long durations. However, PSCs are not the only potential source of electric fields in the brain. Action potentials, afterpolarizations, and presynaptic activity can also generate electric fields. Experimentally it is exceedingly difficult to delineate the contributions of different sources because they are casually linked. However, using computational modeling, we can interrogate the relative contributions of different neural elements to the EEG. We used a library of neuron models with morphologically realistic axonal arbors to quantify the relative contributions of PSCs, action potentials, and presynaptic activity to the EEG signal. Consistent with prior assertions, PSCs were the largest contributor to the EEG, but action potentials and afterpolarizations can also make appreciable contributions. For a population of neurons generating simultaneous PSCs and action potentials, we found that the action potentials accounted for up to 20% of the source strength while PSCs accounted for the other 80% and presynaptic activity negligibly contributed. Additionally, L5 PCs generated the largest PSC and action potential signals indicating that they the dominant EEG signal generator. Further, action potentials and afterpolarizations were sufficient to generate physiological oscillations, indicating that they are valid source contributors to the EEG. The EEG emerges from a combination of multiple different source, and, while PSCs are the largest contributor, other sources are non-negligible and should be included in modeling, analysis and interpretation of the EEG.
Grain growth of rapid-thermal-annealed Y-Ba-Cu oxide superconducting thin films (1988)

A study of the microstructure of Cu-rich and stoichiometric Y-Ba-Cu oxide thin-film superconductors is presented. The films were deposited on 〈100〉 SrTiO3 by the nonvacuum technique of metalorganic deposition followed by rapid thermal annealing in oxygen. Analysis showed that for annealing temperatures below 900 °C, grain size increased with increased annealing temperature, with an enhancement in grain growth for the Cu-rich films. Annealing near or above the melting point of the 1-2-3 phase causes only a slight increase in the rate of grain growth and no detectable effects of the excess Cu. Annealing above 920 °C produces segregated CuO islands 5–10 μm in size in the Cu-rich films. Oriented grain growth was found for the 1-2-3 grains with their c axis perpendicular and parallel to the SrTiO3 substrates. Sheet resistivity measurements were correlated with grain size, phase separation, and oriented grain growth. An anomalous behavior in the resistance-temperature plot at 220–240 K of the Cu-rich films is shown to be related to the presence of the excess Cu.
Synthetic studies toward verrucarol. 2. Synthesis of the AB ring system (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthetic studies toward verrucarol. 2. Synthesis of the AB ring systemGeorge A. Kraus and Bruce RothCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 24, 4825–4830Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01312a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01312a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5247Altmetric-Citations226LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts