gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A nonthrombogenic diffusion membrane for continuous in vivo measurement of blood gases by mass spectrometry (1970)

A heparinized silicone rubber diffusion membrane covering a 22-gauge stainless steel intravascular cannula allows continuous in vivo measurement of blood gas tensions by mass spectrometry in an unheparinized animal or patient. This system has been tested in the aortas of a series of five dogs for periods up to 24 hr, and nonheparinized controls have been used in two dogs. The controls showed evidence of membrane coagulation, but the heparinized membranes were non-thrombogenic and provided quantitatively accurate measurements of Po2 and Pco2 throughout. nonthrombogenic materials; blood gas tensions; oxygen; carbon dioxide; monitoring devices Submitted on July 18, 1969
SWI/SNF Complexes Containing Brahma or Brahma-Related Gene 1 Play Distinct Roles in Smooth Muscle Development (2011)

SWI/SNF ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes containing either Brahma-related gene 1 (Brg1) or Brahma (Brm) play important roles in mammalian development. In this study we examined the roles of Brg1 and Brm in smooth muscle development, in vivo, through generation and analysis of mice harboring a smooth muscle-specific knockout of Brg1 on wild-type and Brm null backgrounds. Knockout of Brg1 from smooth muscle in Brg1(flox/flox) mice expressing Cre recombinase under the control of the smooth muscle myosin heavy-chain promoter resulted in cardiopulmonary defects, including patent ductus arteriosus, in 30 to 40% of the mice. Surviving knockout mice exhibited decreased expression of smooth muscle-specific contractile proteins in the gastrointestinal tract, impaired contractility, shortened intestines, disorganized smooth muscle cells, and an increase in apoptosis of intestinal smooth muscle cells. Although Brm knockout mice had normal intestinal structure and function, knockout of Brg1 on a Brm null background exacerbated the effects of knockout of Brg1 alone, resulting in an increase in neonatal lethality. These data show that Brg1 and Brm play critical roles in regulating development of smooth muscle and that Brg1 has specific functions within vascular and gastrointestinal smooth muscle that cannot be performed by Brm.
Metal-free anionic polymerization of methyl methacrylate. (1997)

In the metal-free anionic polymn. of MMA with tetrabutylammonium di-Et 2-ethylmalonate or tetrabutylammonium 2-nitropropanate as initiators an inhibition period is caused by traces of initiator precursor mols., undergoing a transfer reaction with the active species. Induction periods in time conversion curves point to an initiation reaction, being slower than the propagation reaction. All polymns. of MMA are usually going to complete conversion. Surprisingly. the well-known intramol. cyclization reaction was not obsd. in the MMA system. However, a Hofmann elimination reaction terminates growing chains. This is due to the Bu ligands of the ammonium cation. A b-hydrogen atom can be transferred to the growing chain under the formation of tri-Bu amine and 1-butene. To eliminate this termination step, tetramethylammonium di-Et 2-ethylmalonate has to be used as initiator. But now a transalkylation under the formation of a Me group terminated satd. chain end and tri-Me amine arises as further termination reaction. However, since the termination reactions are not very fast, the metal-free anionic polymn. of MMA exhibits some kind of living character.
Magnetically Directed Assembly of Nanocrystals for Catalytic Control of a Three-Component Coupling Reaction (2016)

Randomly distributed colloidal magnetic nanoparticles in solution are polarized in the presence of an external magnetic field, and the interparticle dipole–dipole attraction drives their assembly into linear chains. In this Communication, we report using a model A3-coupling reaction, that the field-directed self-assembly of gold-coated magnetite (Fe3O4@Au) nanoparticles can be used to remotely control the rate of reaction by manipulating their colloidal assembly of catalyst in situ.
Insights into drop-on-demand metal additive manufacturing through an integrated experimental and computational study (2021)

Drop-on-demand metal jetting is a recent additive manufacturing technology opening new opportunities for the fabrication of complex single and multi-metal components. MetalJet, the Océ developed technique used in this study, has the capacity to produce molten micro-droplets (60–80 µm) at temperatures up to 2000 °C to form single and multi-material objects. Applications for this technology include flexible circuits, advanced electronic components and biotechnologies. However, full exploitation of this technology is impeded by a lack of understanding of various aspects of the process, including droplet bonding and interface formation, residual stress development and the evolution of microstructure. This paper uses an integrated numerical and experimental approach to provide insights into these research questions. Thermal models were used to investigate droplet-to-substrate adhesion and explain the experimentally-observed morphology of droplets. Thermo-mechanical modelling was used to investigate residual stress development and its role in the observed droplet warping and delamination. The knowledge obtained from this study can be used to underpin the development of functional multi-material printing.
Toward Interaction-Oriented Programming (1996)

Although much progress has been made in agent theory and practice, bottlenecks remain in the construction of complex multiagent systems.We introduce interaction-oriented programming (IOP) as an approach to orchestrate the interactions among agents.IOP is more tractable and practical than general agent programming, especially in settings such as open information environments, where the internal details of autonomously developed agents are not available.IOP facilitates multiagent system design by enabling declarative speci cation and enactment of agent interactions, thereby channeling the intellectual energies of designers into the most amenable and e ective design tasks.We develop an event algebra to specify interactions among agents.We automatically compile these declarative speci cations into executable temporal logic constraints.These are e ciently processed at run-time to produce the desired behavior in a distributed manner.We have implemented the above modules in a (concurrent) actor language.
Unique Chemistry at Ice Surfaces: Incomplete Proton Transfer in the H3O+-NH3 System (2001)

Unbewegliche solvatisierte Ionen wie NH4+⋅NH3 fungieren als kinetische Fallen, die verhindern, dass der Protonentransfer zwischen H3O+ und NH3 auf Eisoberflächen bei Temperaturen zwischen 85 und 140 K das thermodynamische Gleichgewicht erreicht. Mit einer Kombination aus der Streuung reaktiver Cs+-Ionen und der Massenspektrometrie ließ sich zeigen, dass alle an dieser Reaktion beteiligten Spezies (NH3, NH4+, H2O und H3O+) auf Eis koexistieren. Dieser Befund spricht dafür, dass metastabile Spezies auf Eisoberflächen erzeugt und kinetisch stabilisiert werden können und daher möglicherweise auch in der Chemie von Eispartikeln in der Stratosphäre und im interstellaren Raum eine Rolle spielen.
Effect of Probe-Tone Frequency on Ipsilateral and Contralateral Electrical Stapedius Reflex Measurement in Children With Cochlear Implants (2018)

Typically, measurement of stapedius reflexes is less successful in the implanted ears of cochlear implant recipients compared with measurements in the contralateral, unimplanted ear. The ability to measure eSRT levels ipsilaterally can be improved by using a higher probe frequency.
Pinch Me - I'm Fusing! (2000)

The process of combining nuclei (the protons and neutrons inside an atomic nucleus) together with a release of kinetic energy is called fusion. This process powers the Sun, it contributes to the world stockpile of weapons of mass destruction and may one day generate safe, clean electrical power. Understanding the intricacies of fusion power, promised for 50 years, ,is sometimes difficult because there are a number of ways of doing it. There is hot fusion, cold fusion and con-fusion. Hot fusion is what powers suns through the conversion of mass energy to kinetic energy. Cold fusion generates con-fusion and nobody really knows what it is. Honestly - this is true. There does seem to be something going on here; I just don't know what. Apparently some experimenters get energy out of a process many call cold fission but no one seems to know what it is, or how to do it reliably. It is not getting much attention from the mainline physics community. Even so, no one is generating electrical power for you and me with either method. In this article 1 will point out some basic features of the mainstream approaches taken to hot fusion power, as well as describe why z pinches are worth pursuing as a driver for a power reactor and may one day generate electrical power for mankind.
Gene Therapy and Tissue Engineering Based on Muscle-Derived Stem Cells: Potential for Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration and Repair (2007)

Recent discoveries in cell biology have significantly advanced our knowledge of disease mechanisms. Newly developed techniques, coupled with advances in cell biology and polymer chemistry, are enabling the evolvement of novel tissue engineering approaches for the treatment of various disorders. Surgeons, who have traditionally used the tools of excision and reconstruction to treat patients, may now act as surgical gardeners who create microenvironments conducive to tissue regeneration. Our research team has isolated a novel population of muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs) that display enhanced regenerative capability due to their multipotency, self-renewal ability, and immune-privileged behavior. This paper presents evidence supporting the existence of MDSCs and reviews some current MDSC-based gene therapy and tissue engineering applications designed to improve the healing of various musculoskeletal tissues, including skeletal muscle, bone, and intra-articular tissues. This review updates readers on the foundational principles and current advances in muscle-based gene therapy and tissue engineering for the musculoskeletal system.
Control and Evaluation of Event Cameras Output Sharpness via Bias (2022)

Event cameras also known as neuromorphic sensors are relatively a new technology with some privilege over the RGB cameras. The most important one is their difference in capturing the light changes in the environment, each pixel changes independently from the others when it captures a change in the environment light. To increase the users degree of freedom in controlling the output of these cameras, such as changing the sensitivity of the sensor to light changes, controlling the number of generated events and other similar operations, the camera manufacturers usually introduce some tools to make sensor level changes in camera settings. The contribution of this research is to examine and document the effects of changing the sensor settings on the sharpness as an indicator of quality of the generated stream of event data. To have a qualitative understanding this stream of event is converted to frames, then the average image gradient magnitude as an index of the number of edges and accordingly sharpness is calculated for these frames. Five different bias settings are explained and the effect of their change in the event output is surveyed and analyzed. In addition, the operation of the event camera sensing array is explained with an analogue circuit model and the functions of the bias foundations are linked with this model.
Dissection of the Influenza A Virus Endocytic Routes Reveals Macropinocytosis as an Alternative Entry Pathway (2011)

Influenza A virus (IAV) enters host cells upon binding of its hemagglutinin glycoprotein to sialylated host cell receptors. Whereas dynamin-dependent, clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is generally considered as the IAV infection pathway, some observations suggest the occurrence of an as yet uncharacterized alternative entry route. By manipulating entry parameters we established experimental conditions that allow the separate analysis of dynamin-dependent and -independent entry of IAV. Whereas entry of IAV in phosphate-buffered saline could be completely inhibited by dynasore, a specific inhibitor of dynamin, a dynasore-insensitive entry pathway became functional in the presence of fetal calf serum. This finding was confirmed with the use of small interfering RNAs targeting dynamin-2. In the presence of serum, both IAV entry pathways were operational. Under these conditions entry could be fully blocked by combined treatment with dynasore and the amiloride derivative EIPA, the hallmark inhibitor of macropinocytosis, whereas either drug alone had no effect. The sensitivity of the dynamin-independent entry pathway to inhibitors or dominant-negative mutants affecting actomyosin dynamics as well as to a number of specific inhibitors of growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases and downstream effectors thereof all point to the involvement of macropinocytosis in IAV entry. Consistently, IAV particles and soluble FITC-dextran were shown to co-localize in cells in the same vesicles. Thus, in addition to the classical dynamin-dependent, clathrin-mediated endocytosis pathway, IAV enters host cells by a dynamin-independent route that has all the characteristics of macropinocytosis.
Photonic Resonator Interferometric Scattering Microscope for Single Molecule Characterization (2021)

We developed photonic resonator interferometric scattering microscopy for the label-free detection of nano-objects at low illumination density using a non-immersion objective. Photonic crystals are utilized as the imaging substrates to enhance the intrinsic scattering signal.
145 Is there a Relationship between Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors (PDE5i) and Prostate Cancer Biochemical Recurrence? (2017)

There have been conflicting studies looking at an association between prostate cancer biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP) and PDE5i use. Patients completed a 1 – 5 assessment of PDE5i use pre-RP and serially after RP in a prospective, quality of life study evaluating men post-RP. Men who had data on PDE5i use at 3m, 6m, 9m, and 12m in the first year following RP were included in the analysis. The tested predictors of BCR were: age, PSA, Gleason score (G), surgical margin status (SMS), seminal vesicle involvement (SVI), extra capsular extension (ECE), and lymph node involvement (LNI). Predictive nomograms have established these as the important predictors of BCR. PDE5i groups were: low use (never/sometimes) vs. high use (regularly/routinely/more than once a day). Risk groups were low risk (G 6/7 and organ confined disease) or intermediate/high risk (all others). Mean age of the 655 men was 61±7 years. 117 men (18%) had BCR. The mean time to BCR was 1.4±1.4 years. PDE5i groups: 55% low use, 45% high use. There were 16% in the low use PDE5i group with BCR vs 20% in the high use PDE5i group with BCR (RR=1.3: 95% CI: 0.84-1.86, p=0.28). On multivariable analysis, G, SMS, SVI, ECE, and LNI were all associated with BCR (p=0.05 to p=0.001). Age (OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.99-1.06, p=0.22), PSA (OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.98-1.06, p=0.31), and PDE5i group assignment (OR: 1.52, 95% CI: 0.95-2.43, p=0.08) were not significant predictors in the model. Risk groups were low risk (178 men) and intermediate/high risk (476 men) disease. We could not replicate the analysis with the low risk group since only 5 men had BCR. In the high risk group, there were 112 (23%) who had BCR. The pattern of results for disease characteristics were similar as above. The PDE5i variable, on univariate analysis the group assignment was not significant. There were 22% in the low use PDE5i group with BCR vs 26% in the high use PDE5i group with BCR (RR=1.3: 95% CI: 0.81-1.90, p=0.33). In multivariable analysis, PDE5i group assignment was again not a significant predictor of BCR (OR: 1.37, 95% CI: 0.84-2.22, p=0.20).
Optimized Design of Multi-Speed Transmissions for Battery Electric Vehicles (2019)

This paper considers the optimization of multispeed transmission configuration and gearshift schedule for battery electric vehicles. Although only a single reduction gear is commonly utilized in commercial battery electric vehicles, further improvements in energy savings can be achieved by employing a multi-speed transmission as has been already shown in existing literature. In this paper, we propose an approach to co-optimization of transmission design (number of gears and gear ratios) and of gear shift schedule. The simulation results quantify the battery energy savings which are achieved by the proposed approach and the ability to obtain shift schedules that promote regenerative braking.
A cross‐sectional study on factors associated with patient–physician discordance in global assessment of patients with axial spondyloarthritis: an Asian perspective (2018)

Higher global pain score, lower educational level and current biologics use were associated with greater patient-physician discordance. These factors should be considered during shared decision making.
Distributed Feedback Laser in External Light Injection Scheme for Tunable Slow Light (2008)

This investigation experimentally demonstrates a commercial distributed feedback (DFB) laser in an external light injection scheme for tunable slow light. The effect of the polarization of the probe signal on tunable optical delay is studied. Tunable optical delays of up to 30 ps for 10 GHz sinusoidal signals with optimal polarization are achieved. We also study the relationship between optical delay and input optical modulation index.
A rapid ELISA for the diagnosis of intravascular catheter related sepsis caused by coagulase negative staphylococci (2002)

The rapid ELISA offers a simple, economical, and rapid diagnostic test for suspected intravascular catheter related sepsis caused by coagulase negative staphylococci, which can be difficult to diagnose clinically. This may facilitate treatment with appropriate antimicrobials and may help prevent the unnecessary removal of intravascular catheters.
T-cell-derived factor B151-TRF1/IL-5 activates blastoid cells among unprimed B cells to induce a polyclonal differentiation into immunoglobulin M-secreting cells. (1988)

Two distinct murine B-cell differentiation factors, designated B151-TRF1 and B151-TRF2, were described originally as B151K12 T-cell hybridoma-derived lymphokines that induce immunoglobulin (Ig) secretion by antigen-activated B cells and unstimulated B cells, respectively. In the present study, we found that a highly purified B151-TRF1 fraction prepared by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) also has the ability to cause a polyclonal differentiation of unstimulated B cells into IgM-secreting cells in the apparent absence of co-stimulant. The activity of the B151-TRF1 fraction but not the B151-TRF2 fraction on unstimulated B cells was markedly inhibited by addition of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) specific for the B151-TRF1/IL-5 to the culture. To determine whether B151-TRF1/IL-5 and B151-TRF2 act on distinct populations among unstimulated B cells, the responsiveness of neonatal B cells and adult B cells that had been fractionated by Percoll density gradient centrifugation was assessed. B151-TRF1/IL-5 predominantly acted on lower density B cells, which appeared around 3 weeks after birth in the spleen. In contrast, B151-TRF2 could activate both lower and higher density B cells almost equally and B151-TRF2-responsive B cells were already present by 1 week of age. Thus, these results suggest that B151-TRF1/IL-5 and B151-TRF2 act on distinct subpopulations among antigen-unprimed normal B cells to induce IgM-secreting cells.
Using mutual information to design class-specific phone recognizers (2003)

Information concerning the identity of subword units such as phones cannot easily be pinpointed because it is broadly distributed in time and frequency.Continuing earlier work, we use Mutual Information as measure of the usefulness of individual time-frequency cells for various speech classification tasks, using the hand-annotations of the TIMIT database as our ground truth.Since different broad phonetic classes such as vowels and stops have such different temporal characteristics, we examine mutual information separately for each class, revealing structure that was not uncovered in earlier work; further structure is revealed by aligning the time-frequency displays of each phone at the center of their hand-marked segments, rather than averaging across all possible alignments within each segment.Based on these results, we evaluate a range of vowel classifiers over the TIMIT test set and show that selecting input features according to the mutual information criteria can provides a significant increase in classification accuracy.
ChemInform Abstract: Dialkylbiaryl Phosphines in Pd‐Catalyzed Amination: A User′s Guide (2011)

Abstract Review: 236 refs.
Kinetics of silver nanoparticle growth in aqueous polymer solutions (2010)

In this paper we report the effect of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) on the silver nanoparticles formation of different morphologies by using silver nitrate and citric acid as the oxidant and reductant, respectively, for the first time. Our transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results suggest that the presence of PVA has significant impact on the size, shape, and the size distribution of the silver nanoparticles. The reaction follows a zero-order kinetics in [citric acid] as well as in [silver(I)] in the absence and presence of PVA. It was found that PVA and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) concentrations show no significant effects on the rate of CTAB-stabilized silver nanoparticles formation, whereas in presence of PVA, the reaction rate increases with (CTAB). Both spectrophotometric and TEM measurement demonstrated that the orange silver sol consists of aggregates, whereas the purple sol does not contain the aggregated arrangement. On the basis of various observations, the most plausible mechanism has been envisaged.
Conception d’une base de données de cavités du bassin versant de la Vézère (Dordogne, France) : un outil pour l’étude des faciès d’altération de paroi dans les grottes ornées (2017)

International audience
Pancreatic Juice Prostaglandin E2 Concentrations Are Elevated in Chronic Pancreatitis and Improve Detection of Early Disease (2015)

PJ PGE2 appears to be a biomarker for CP and is elevated in both established and "minimal change" chronic pancreatitis.
Oncolytic Viruses and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Preclinical Developments to Clinical Trials (2020)

Immuno-oncology (IO) has been an active area of oncology research. Following US FDA approval of the first immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI), ipilimumab (human IgG1 k anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody), in 2011, and of the first oncolytic virus, Imlygic (talimogene laherparepvec), in 2015, there has been renewed interest in IO. In the past decade, ICIs have changed the treatment paradigm for many cancers by enabling better therapeutic control, resuming immune surveillance, suppressing tumor immunosuppression, and restoring antitumor immune function. However, ICI therapies are effective only in a small subset of patients and show limited therapeutic potential due to their inability to demonstrate efficacy in 'cold' or unresponsive tumor microenvironments (TMEs). Relatedly, oncolytic viruses (OVs) have been shown to induce antitumor immune responses, augment the efficacy of existing cancer treatments, and reform unresponsive TME to turn 'cold' tumors 'hot,' increasing their susceptibility to checkpoint blockade immunotherapies. For this reason, OVs serve as ideal complements to ICIs, and multiple preclinical studies and clinical trials are demonstrating their combined therapeutic efficacy. This review will discuss the merits and limitations of OVs and ICIs as monotherapy then progress onto the preclinical rationale and the results of clinical trials of key combination therapies.