gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparative Neuropathology of Brain Aging in Primates (2002)

aKastor Neurobiology of Aging Laboratories and Fishberg Research Center for Neurobiology, Departments of bGeriatrics and Adult Development, cRadiology, dOtolaryngology and ePathology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, fDepartment of Anthropology, Columbia University, gNew York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology, New York, N.Y., hDivision of Neurobiology, Behavior, and Genetics, Bioqual Inc., Rockville, Md., and iFoundation for Comparative and Conservation Biology, Rockville, Md., USA; jDepartment of Anatomical Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, South Africa
Computational evaluation of satellite equipment panel modal densities and radiation efficiencies (2000)

During the design phases of communications satellites Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) methods are often used to predict critical equipment panel structural-acoustic vibration responses. Difficulties arise in the SEA modeling due to the nonhomogeneous nature of these complex equipment panels. Panel constructions are typically sandwich honeycomb (thick) cored panels with internal embedded heat pipes, external attached stiffeners, external thermal doubler plates, as well as the attached equipment itself. The resulting built up structure is very difficult to analyze using SEA theoretical asymptotic values. This work computationally evaluates the modal density and radiation efficiency of a typical communications satellite equipment panel utilizing a detailed finite-element model along with a lumped parameter radiation representation developed by Fahnline (1997). The full built up nonhomogeneous panel, as well as the uniform baseline panel, are evaluated using both idealized and realistic boundary conditions. The characteristics of the nonhomogeneous equipment panels are shown to vary significantly from commonly used SEA values. Simple curve fits are developed for future SEA evaluations of similar structures.
ChemInform Abstract: Improved Procedure for the Synthesis of Enantiomerically Enriched Cyclopropylmethanol Derivatives. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Magnetopolarizability at the Metal-Insulator Transition (1995)

We have studied the ac response of a series of disordered ${\mathrm{Y}}_{x}{\mathrm{Si}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$ insulating samples in the vicinity of the metal-insulator transition. Far from the transition, the ac response is universal in frequency units scaled by a characteristic frequency, ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{c}\ensuremath{\approx}\frac{g({\ensuremath{\xi}}_{c})}{C({\ensuremath{\xi}}_{c})}$ governed by the critical conductance $g({\ensuremath{\xi}}_{c})$ at the percolation threshold. A temperature-dependent characteristic field ${B}_{c}\ensuremath{\propto}{T}^{0.5}$, consistent with interference effects, is identified. As the transition is approached, intermediate frequency scales are stretched according to $\ensuremath{\Delta}\mathrm{ln}({\ensuremath{\omega}}_{c})\ensuremath{\propto}{(\frac{{T}_{0}}{T})}^{\frac{1}{4}}$. We relate this stretching to the distribution of localization lengths at the transition.
High content analysis at single cell level identifies different cellular responses dependent on nanomaterial concentrations (2015)

A mechanistic understanding of nanomaterial (NM) interaction with biological environments is pivotal for the safe transition from basic science to applied nanomedicine. NM exposure results in varying levels of internalized NM in different neighboring cells, due to variances in cell size, cell cycle phase and NM agglomeration. Using high-content analysis, we investigated the cytotoxic effects of fluorescent quantum dots on cultured cells, where all effects were correlated with the concentration of NMs at the single cell level. Upon binning the single cell data into different categories related to NM concentration, this study demonstrates, for the first time, that quantum dots activate both cytoprotective and cytotoxic mechanisms, resulting in a zero net result on the overall cell population, yet with significant effects in cells with higher cellular NM levels. Our results suggest that future NM cytotoxicity studies should correlate NM toxicity with cellular NM numbers on the single cell level, as conflicting mechanisms in particular cell subpopulations are commonly overlooked using classical toxicological methods.
New architectures for radio-frequency DC/DC power conversion (2004)

This document proposes new architectures for switched-mode DC/DC power conversion. The proposed architectures enable dramatic increases in switching frequency to be realized while preserving features critical in practice, including regulation of the output across a wide load range and high light-load efficiency. This is achieved in part by how the energy conversion and regulation functions are partitioned. The structure and control approach of the new architectures are described, along with representative implementation methods. The design and experimental evaluation of prototype systems with cells operating at 100 MHz are also described. It is anticipated that the proposed approaches will allow substantial improvements in the size of switching power converters to be achieved and, in some cases, to permit their integrated fabrication.
Factors influencing metabolism of arachidonic acid in guinea pig gastric mucosa (1983)

The metabolism of [14C]arachidonic acid in whole homogenates of gastric corpus mucosa in the guinea pig was characterized. Identity of labeled products was validated by comigration against standards in multiple chromatographic systems and by selective synthesis inhibition. At near-physiological conditions, homogenates converted arachidonic acid to the cyclooxygenase products prostaglandins F2, E2, and D2, 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha, and thromboxane B2 (in descending order of magnitude) and to a lipoxygenase product cochromatographing with 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid. However, dramatic qualitative and quantitative changes in this product profile were noted with relatively small changes in incubation temperature, substrate concentration, and especially pH. Whole homogenates generated more prostaglandin and in different proportions than did the microsomal fraction from an equal mass of mucosa. No catabolism of prostaglandin products was observed in whole homogenates. Tissue preparation and storage also influenced prostaglandin synthesis activity. These in vitro observations may have important implications for future studies of prostaglandin generation in small gastric mucosal biopsies.
Synchronization of a mm-Wave frequency comb to a chipscale mode-locked laser via harmonic injection locking (2020)

A mm-Wave frequency comb with 240GHz spacing is synchronized to a MLL-PIC using harmonic injection locking, this represent optical frequency division of 24x. The Allan Deviation on the repetition rate stability is 10 -10 at 1s.
Automated comparative sequence analysis by base-specific cleavage and mass spectrometry for nucleic acid-based microbial typing (2007)

Traditional microbial typing technologies for the characterization of pathogenic microorganisms and monitoring of their global spread are often difficult to standardize and poorly portable, and they lack sufficient ease of use, throughput, and automation. To overcome these problems, we introduce the use of comparative sequencing by MALDI-TOF MS for automated high-throughput microbial DNA sequence analysis. Data derived from the public multilocus sequence typing (MLST) database (http://pubmlst.org/neisseria) established a reference set of expected peak patterns. A model pathogen, Neisseria meningitidis, was used to validate the technology and explore its applicability as an alternative to dideoxy sequencing. One hundred N. meningitidis samples were typed by comparing MALDI-TOF MS fingerprints of the standard MLST loci to reference sequences available in the public MLST database. Identification results can be obtained in 2 working days. Results were in concordance with classical dideoxy sequencing with 98% correct automatic identification. Sequence types (STs) of 89 samples were represented in the database, seven samples revealed new STs, including three new alleles, and four samples contained mixed populations of multiple STs. The approach shows interlaboratory reproducibility and allows for the exchange of mass spectrometric fingerprints to study the geographic spread of epidemic N. meningitidis strains or other microbes of clinical importance.
On the Capacity Advantage of a Single Bit (2016)

In this work we study the capacity advantage achieved by adding a single bit of communication -- not a link of capacity 1 but a single bit over all time -- to a memoryless network. Specifically, we present a memoryless network in which adding a single bit of communication strictly increases the capacity region.
The role of syntactic variation in translation and post-editing (2015)

Preview this article: The role of syntactic variation in translation and post-editing, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/ts.4.1.06sch-1.gif
Flow Conditioning Techniques for a Bent Pipe in a Constrained Latent Heat Storage System (2016)

This study was conducted to improve the flow distribution of air after a single 90-degree bend for temperatures above ambient conditions. In the literature, no study has been performed in the literature testing a flow conditioner for heated compressible flow. This study used an existing Thermal Energy Storage (TES) system for flowrates above 100 m3/h with Reynolds numbers over 10,000 was used. Due to a single 90-degree bend in the inlet flow a distance of three diameters from the entrance to the tank, the flow distribution was considerably shifted to the side of the outer bend. The constrained systemwas tested with various flow conditioners with fluid temperatures between the ambient temperature and 60°C. The Spearman and the Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) plates were the most effective at improving the flow under all tested conditions. The system was modeled for different flow conditioners and validated using a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model.
Development of real-time hardware-in-the-loop platform for complex microgrids (2015)

Acceleration of energy-intensive lifestyle leads to a fast-pace development for electric power systems. Microgrids and smart grids are being utilized as tools to improve reliability for electrical systems and effective systems to support higher penetration of renewable energy resources. Uncertainty of communication delays creates a significant challenge to develop models for a system with several control layers and system level control. This paper introduces a hardware-in-the-loop platform that studies microgrid operations with real cyber-physical links. Combining a real communication layer with a simulated power system provides more accurate results for transient behavior study, especially when communications has a major time-critical role. A case study is presented for Fort Sill microgrid. Results of using this platform closely match microgrid operation.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of All Four Isomers of Coronamic Acid: A General Approach to 3‐Methanoamino Acids. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Human non-contrast T1 values and correlation with histology in diffuse fibrosis (2013)

Non-contrast T1 values are increased in patients with severe AS and further increase in symptomatic compared with asymptomatic patients. T1 values lengthened with greater LVMI and correlated with the degree of biopsy-quantified fibrosis. This may provide a useful clinical assessment of diffuse myocardial fibrosis in the future.
<title>X-ray-induced damage observations on ZERODUR mirrors</title> (1997)

Catastrophic damage has been observed in some ZERODUR mirrors used as first mirrors in two beam lines at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS). Despite the high reflectivity of the coatings used on these mirrors, a significant flux of high energy photons penetrates below the coating and is absorbed in the substrate. Although model calculations indicate that the local temperature does not increase significantly, the authors suspect that over long time periods the absorbed flux produces structural changes in the material, leading to a build-up of surface stress, gross figure changes, and growth of fractures. These changes are probably related to the nature of the two-phase glass-ceramic composition of the ZERODUR material. Metal mirrors and single-phase materials do not exhibit such catastrophic damage under similar exposure conditions.
Proteomics (2006)

The past century has witnessed many impressive advances in molecular biology and medical research, leading to both increased understanding and improvements in the treatment of many diseases. A notable example of this is the impact that the discovery of antibiotics had in treating bacterial infections. One of the most remarkable achievements was the discovery of the structure of DNA by Crick & Watson, an event that subsequently led some 50 years later to the completion of the sequencing of the entire human genome. This milestone has created a wealth of information and novel avenues for a more focused and comprehensive search and understanding of the biochemical, regulatory and structural function of the proteins encoded by the genome—a phase of biological exploration now referred to as the postgenome era. In the postgenome era, there is significant work ongoing not only on the genetic aspects of biology but also the molecular processes guiding gene expression and function at all levels. These include RNA and protein synthesis and their regulation, protein modifications, protein–protein interactions (pathways), and metabolite formation. This review will focus on Proteomics, the study of global gene expression at the protein level. We will describe both currently used and emerging technologies for exploring universal protein expression, including protein fractionation, analysis, and quantification of complex protein solutions. In particular, this review will focus on characterizing the roles of proteins in pharmaceutical research and development, including exploring applications in determining the functional role of proteins and their relevance in human disease, as surrogate biomarkers for predicting/diagnosing disease, disease progression, and for determining compound efficacy and toxicity. Finally, we will assess what are the future prospects of utilizing protein research to reach a better knowledge of gene/protein function in normal and disease biology as well as clinical applications.
Optical properties of epitaxial LaF/sub 3//SrF/sub 2//GaAs(111) heterostructure waveguides fabricated by molecular beam epitaxy (1996)

Thin film slab waveguides of lanthanum fluoride clad with strontium fluoride grown epitaxially on GaAs (111) are characterized by optical and structural techniques. Crystallinity, surface roughness, refractive indexes and propagation loss measurements suggest that these structures show promise for monolithically integrated infrared (IR) pumped IR down-conversion and visible upconversion laser devices. Propagation losses as low as 3.7 dB/cm at 633 nm were measured in samples which show waveguide propagation over distances of several centimeters. Simulation of the scattering losses due to surface roughness provides an approximate delineation of surface and nonsurface contributions to the optical loss. Typical root-mean-square surface roughness of the lanthanum fluoride layer was on the order of 3 nm. The morphology appears to be dominated by grain boundaries.
On channel sounding with switched arrays in fast time-varying channels (2018)

Time-division multiplexed (TDM) channel sounders, in which a single RF chain is connected sequentially via an electronic switch to different elements of an array, are widely used for the measurement of double-directional/MIMO propagation channels. This paper investigates the impact of array switching patterns on the accuracy of parameter estimation of multipath components (MPC) for a time-division multiplexed (TDM) channel sounder. The commonly-used sequential (uniform) switching pattern poses a fundamental limit on the number of antennas that a TDM channel sounder can employ in fast time-varying channels. We thus aim to design improved patterns that relax these constraints. To characterize the performance, we introduce a novel spatio-temporal ambiguity function, which can handle the non-idealities of real-word arrays. We formulate the sequence design problem as an optimization problem and propose an algorithm based on simulated annealing to obtain the optimal sequence. As a result we can extend the estimation range of Doppler shifts by eliminating ambiguities in parameter estimation. We show through Monte Carlo simulations that the root mean square errors of both direction of departure and Doppler are reduced significantly with the new switching sequence. Results are also verified with actual vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) channel measurements.
Synthesis, Characterization of Vanadia/titania-based Catalysts and their Performance in Ammonia Remediation. (2014)

Malodor is an important class of air pollution that poses a serious threat to personal health and quality of life. Ammonia gas is a major cause of malodor complaints and is produced by microbial decompositions of organic wastes. A catalyst capable of attaining better than 99 % conversion of 50 ppm NH3 in air at room temperature was successfully prepared. The EA of the reaction is dramatically decreased by using the catalysts when the ratio of VOx/TiOx increases. The NH3 was oxidized to nitrogen and water during the reaction without producing NOx. The catalyst was characterized by BET, micro-Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to identify the active sites to be monomeric VOx on TiOx. © Copyright American Institute of Chemical Engineers. All rights reserved.
Preliminary evaluation of 18F-DCFBC PSMA PET for detection of primary prostate cancer (2013)

Functional significances of the cytoskeleton and the plasmalemmal undercoat are discussed with special reference to their ultrastructural aspects. The cytoskeleton is mainly composed of three distinctive cytoplasmic fibrous structures, namely, microtubules, actin filaments and intermediate filaments. Closely associated with such fibrous structures are a variety of proteins, which have been shown not only to control the formation or breakdown of the fibrous structures but also to involve the construction of a higher order of fibrous architectures such as bundles and networks. Thus, these cytoskeletal fibrous components may form the respective systems, though such systems often interact with each other for the cytoplasmic integrity. The fundamental function of the cytoskeleton is to provide structural frameworks for the cytoplasm. Through such frameworks the cytoskeleton is involved in various cellular organizations and activities such as cell shape, distribution of cell organelles, cell motility, membrane phenomena, and metabolism. Much interest has also been drawn to the interaction between the plasmalemma and the cytoskeleton. Part of such interaction can be assigned to the plasmalemmal undercoat, though it indeed constitutes a part of the cytoskeleton. The significance of the plasmalemmal undercoat may be to primarily provide structural supports for the plasmalemma, playing various roles in cell physiology.
Evaluation of IEEE 802.11g and 802.16 for Lunar Surface Exploration Missions Using MACHETE Simulations (2009)

In this paper, we investigated the suitability of terrestrial wireless networking technologies for lunar surface exploration missions. Specifically, the scenario we considered consisted of two teams of collaborating astronauts, one base station and one rover, where the base station and the rover have the capability of acting as relays. We focused on the evaluation of IEEE 802.11g and IEEE 802.16 protocols, simulating homogeneous 802.11g network, homogeneous 802.16 network, and heterogeneous network using both 802.11g and 802.16. A mix of traffic flows were simulated, including telemetry, caution and warning, voice, command and file transfer. Each traffic type had its own distribution profile, data volume, and priority. We analyzed the loss and delay trade-offs of these wireless protocols with various link-layer options. We observed that 802.16 network managed the channel better than an 802.11g network due to controlled infrastructure and centralized scheduling. However, due to the centralized scheduling, 802.16 also had a longer delay. The heterogeneous (hybrid) of 802.11/802.16 achieved a better balance of performance in terms of data loss and delay compared to using 802.11 or 802.16 alone.
Yersinia Enterocolitica In South Africa (2018)

The first confirmed isolation of Yersinia enterocolitica in South Africa was made in 1966 from the peritoneal fluid of a man with mesenteric lymphadenitis and ascites. Y. enterocolitica is frequently isolated from fecal specimens which also contain other enteropathogens, most notably Salmonella. In addition, many patients with elevated antibody titers to Y. enterocolitica also have Salmonella agglutinins in their sera. The clinical manifestation of Y. enterocolitica infections in South Africa resemble those described elsewhere. Between the years 1966 and 1967, 14 patients with generalized Y. enterocolitica infection were encountered in South Africa. Fresh pooled human serum is bactericidal for most strains of Y. enterocolitica, and the bactericidal activity is mediated by antibody and complement. The enterotoxin of Y. enterocolitica strongly resembles the heat-stable enterotoxin of Escherichia coli in being highly resistant to heat and acid. Despite the relative infrequency with which Y. enterocolitica is encountered during the conduct of routine bacteriology, it remains a microorganism of considerable interest.
Wikimedia Public (Research) Resources (2020)

The Wikimedia Foundation’s mission is to disseminate open knowledge effectively and globally. In keeping with this mission, we support research in areas that benefit the free knowledge community. We aim to make any work with our support openly available to the public. At the same time that we do a minimalist user data collection, all the material (text and multimedia) available in our projects is public and reusable by everybody under a creative commons license. Moreover, all the article’s history and interactions among users are also public, and we offer a set of tools for accessing such data. In this tutorial we are going to give an overview on all the data sources, and a detailed explanation of how to interact with this content including data and tools such as the Wikipedia Dumps, Quarry (SQL Replicas), Pageviews, PAWS (Wikimedia hosted Jupyter Notebooks), WikiData and put special attention to the multimedia content hosted by Wikimedia Commons project.