gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Papaverine and Verapamil on Frequency-Dependent Changes in &OV0312;max of K-Depolarized Ventricular Tissue (1982)

The maximum upstroke velocity (Vmax) of K-depolarized guinea pig ventricular strips was used to indirectly measure frequency-dependent changes in slow inward current (Isi) caused by papaverine, verapamil, Ba2+, and isoproterenol. The effects of verapamil were studied after pretreatment with 0.8 mM Ba2+ to restore excitability of the K-depolarized tissue. Similar steady-state, frequency-dependent (0.1--4.0 Hz) changes in Vmax were observed in tissues exposed to papaverine (10(-5), Ba2+ (0.2 mM, 0.8 mM), or isoproterenol (5 x 10(-7) M). Verapamil (10(-7) M) caused a marked frequency-dependent inhibition of Vmax relative to the Ba2+-treated condition. Step increases in stimulation frequency resulted in a new steady state after only one to three depolarizations under all conditions except during exposure to verapamil. Vmax decreased exponentially after an increase in stimulation frequency during verapamil exposure, and therefore required many stimuli before a new quasi-steady-state was attained. The time constant for the recovery from inactivation of Isi determined by a paired pulse protocol was 169 +/- 16 ms for 10(-5) M papaverine, 185 +/- 14 ms for 0.8 mM Ba2+, and about 390 ms for 10(-7) M verapamil. The time required for half-recovery of Vmax after a train of 1-Hz stimuli (preceded by a rest period) was 2.5--3 s for papaverine or Ba2+ but 30--38 s for verapamil-treated preparations. The results show that papaverine is not a Ca antagonist like verapamil. The results also suggest that Ba2+ may be useful for restoring excitability in K-depolarized tissues to study the frequency-dependent changes in Vmax caused by drugs that alter Isi.
Impairment of Spermatogenesis in Transgenic Mice With Selective Overexpression of Bcl‐2 in the Somatic Cells of the Testis (2001)

To explore the functional role of Bcl-2 in germ cell development, transgenic mice carrying 6 kilobases of the inhibin-alpha promoter were generated to express human bcl-2 gene product in the gonads. Although female transgenic mice demonstrated decreased follicle apoptosis, enhanced folliculogenesis, and increased germ cell tumorigenesis, the adult males exhibited variable impairment of spermatogenesis. The degree of damage ranged from tubules with intraepithelial vacuoles of varying sizes to near atrophied tubules consisting of Sertoli cells and a few spermatogonia. Although there was no significant change in body weight, an approximately 34% decrease in testicular weights was noted in transgenic animals compared with wild-type mice. Gamete maturation, assessed by determining the percentage of tubules with advanced (steps 13-16) spermatids, was decreased to 44.4% of the values measured in the wild-type animals. The incidence of germ cell apoptosis increased 3.8-fold in the transgenic animals and was associated with a marked loss of germ cells. Electron microscopy of the testes further revealed large vacuoles in the Sertoli cell cytoplasm and dilations of the intracellular spaces between adjacent Sertoli cells, spermatid malformations, and increased germ cell apoptosis in the transgenic animals. There was no evidence of Sertoli cell death either by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay or electron microscopy. Leydig cell ultrastructure, cell size and numbers, and plasma levels of testosterone were not different between normal and the transgenic animals. Collectively, these results support the critical role of Bcl-2 in male germ cell development and are consistent with the gender-specific role of the Bcl-2 family members in reproduction.
A comparison of switched doubly-fed machine drive topologies for high power applications (2015)

Doubly-fed machines (DFM) offer exciting possibilities for reducing power electronics requirements for variable speed drives (VSD). Design options are most versatile when the VSD DFM can be reconfigured "on-the-fly" in different winding and power connections. This paper presents a comparison of two different topologies of switched-DFM drives based on steady-state considerations. Effects of required drive torque, operating stator flux magnitude, and the machine parameters on the sizing of the rotor converter and on the drive performance for each of the topologies are analyzed and compared. The paper presents a holistic comparison of the two topologies to permit selection for particular application-specific requirements.
Development of a Rapid in planta BioID System as a Probe for Plasma Membrane-Associated Immunity Proteins (2018)

Plant pathogens secrete effector molecules that suppress the plant immune response to facilitate disease development. AvrPto is a well-studied effector from the phytopathogenic bacterium <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i>. Here we utilize an <i>in planta</i> proximity dependent biotin ligase labeling technique (BioID) in combination with AvrPto to identify proximal proteins that are potential immune system components. The labeling technique biotinylated proteins proximal to AvrPto at the plasma-membrane allowing their isolation and identification by mass spectrometry. Five AvrPto proximal plant proteins (APPs) were identified and their effect on plant immune function and growth was examined in <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> leaves. One protein identified, RIN4, is a central immune component previously shown to interact with AvrPto. Two other proteins were identified which form a complex and when silenced significantly reduced <i>P. syringae tabaci</i> growth. The first was a receptor like protein kinase (APK1) which was required for Pto/Prf signaling and the second was Target of Myb1 (TOM1), a membrane associated protein with a phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PtdIns5P) binding motif. We have developed a technology to rapidly determine protein interactions within living plant tissue. It is particularly useful for identifying plant immune system components by defining pathogenic effector protein interactions within their plant hosts.
Molecular Imaging of Inflammation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease with a Clinically Translatable Dual-Selectin–targeted US Contrast Agent: Comparison with FDG PET/CT in a Mouse Model (2013)

US with MBSelectin specifically enables detection and quantification of inflammation in a murine acute colitis model, leveraging the natural pathway of leukocyte recruitment in inflammatory tissue. US imaging with MBSelectin correlates well with FDG uptake at PET/CT imaging.
miR-21: An Androgen Receptor–Regulated MicroRNA that Promotes Hormone-Dependent and Hormone-Independent Prostate Cancer Growth (2009)

Androgen receptor (AR)-mediated oncogenic pathways have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we used high-throughput microarray analysis on two AR-positive prostate cancer (CaP) cell lines to identify 16 AR-responsive microRNAs (miRNA). We focused on miR-21 because of its previously reported oncogenic activity in other cancers. We show androgen-induced AR binding to the defined miR-21 promoter, miPPR-21, suggesting direct transcriptional regulation. Inhibition of miR-21 diminished androgen-induced CaP cell proliferation, providing new evidence that miRNAs can contribute to androgen-driven cell growth. Elevated expression of miR-21 enhanced CaP tumor growth in vivo and, surprisingly, was sufficient for androgen-dependent tumors to overcome castration-mediated growth arrest. Thus, elevated miR-21 expression alone is sufficient to impart castration resistance. Moreover, quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis revealed elevated miR-21 expression in CaP when compared with adjacent normal tissue. These results suggest that miR-21 may contribute to CaP pathogenesis.
Dynamic mechanical studies of electrorheological materials: Moderate frequencies (1991)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation D. R. Gamota, F. E. Filisko; Dynamic mechanical studies of electrorheological materials: Moderate frequencies. J. Rheol. 1 April 1991; 35 (3): 399–425. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.550221 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe Society of RheologyJournal of Rheology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2 with Focal Epilepsy – An Unusual Association (2004)

We hypothesise that the new feature of focal epilepsy is due to co-existence of a separate unlinked epilepsy susceptibility gene with the expanded SCA2 gene. Under this oligogenic model, both genes must be present, and co-inheritance of this susceptibility gene with the expanded SCA2 gene causes a complex interaction which triggers epilepsy.
Prospective Clinical Trial, DEFI 2005: Does an AED Algorithm with More CPR Impact Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest Prognosis? (2008)

Background: Level 1 evidence is lacking for the Guidelines 2005 recommended changes in CPR and automated external defibrillator (AED) protocols. Objectives: We conducted a block‐randomized controlled trial to evaluate if changes to CPR during AED use could improve return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and hospital admission rates. Methods: From September 2005 to March 2007, 200 biphasic LIFEPAKs, 500 AEDs, used by firefighters, were randomized every 2 months by fire station (clinicaltrials.gov NCT00139542). The 100 CONTROL AEDs conformed to Guidelines 2000. The 100 STUDY AEDs added pre‐shock CPR and removed stacked shocks and post‐shock pulse checks. In both groups, firefighters received weekly CPR training. ECG and impedance signals recorded by AEDs were reviewed to quantify CPR delivery. Median [interquartile range], *p &lt; 0.05. Results: Informed consent was obtained for 840 defibrillated patients (420 CONTROL vs. 420 STUDY). There were no differences in patient characteristics (age, sex, location, etiology, witnessed, bystander CPR, chest compression (CC) rate) and time from call to AED power on. The STUDY AEDs prompted for more CPR during AED use (81% [80, 83] vs. 62% [55, 67]*), resulting in more hands‐on time (62% [54, 69] vs 49% [39, 57]*), more patients receiving only one shock (40 vs 33%*), and shorter pauses in CC before (9s [7, 13] vs 19s [16, 21]*) and after (11s [8, 14] vs 32s [26, 38]*) the shock. There was no difference in the rates of ROSC (48% [44, 53] vs 50% [45, 55], p = 0.63) and hospital admission (44% [40, 49] vs 45% [40, 49], p = 0.94) for the STUDY vs CONTROL groups. Conclusions: Increasing CPR, shortening CC pauses and delivering fewer shocks resulted in no observed difference in ROSC or survival to hospital admission. The overall rate of hospitalization was higher than the historical expectation (34% hospital admission before study), possibly due to the increased emphasis on training and importance of CPR in both groups.
(Digital Presentation) Electrolyte Optimisation for Copper Deposition and Dissolution in Redox Flow Batteries (2022)

Aqueous copper redox flow batteries (CuRFB) based systems offer an alternative, more sustainable, redox flow battery to those based on vanadium for stationary renewable energy storage. Copper is an abundant material (~20 million tonnes/ year), that can be easily recycled and is significantly lower cost (6.5 € kg -1 ), by comparison with vanadium technology (20 € kg -1 ) [i] . CuRFBs can also be operated without perfluorinated membranes required in the vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB). The CuRFB system takes advantage of the three stable oxidation states of copper Cu(0)-Cu(I)–Cu(II) in which the cuprous species are oxidised to cupric species in the positive half-cell and electrochemically deposited as copper on the negative electrode. The electrolyte system investigated in this work is based on chloride salts which are soluble up to 2.5 M [ii] , [iii] . This concentration level enables high current densities to be achieved assisting with high power delivery. The present study was focussed on the electrolyte optimisation including the use of ammonium salts as an alternative to calcium salts to provide a higher conductivity chloride based electrolyte with lower overpotential and better reversibility of the copper deposition and dissolution reaction. Other smaller (mM level) quantity bismuth based chemical additives were also found to improve the coulombic efficiency of the copper deposition and dissolution reaction in extended cycling. [i] E. Sánchez-Díez, E. Ventosa, M. Guarnieri, A. Trovò, C. Flox, R. Marcilla, F. Soavi, P. Mazur, E. Aranzabe, R. Ferret, Redox flow batteries: Status and perspective towards sustainable stationary energy storage, Journal of Power Sources, 481, (2021), 228804, [ii] G. Lacarbonara, L. Faggiano, S. Porcu, P.C. Ricci, S. Rapino, D.P. Casey, J.F. Rohan, C. Arbizzani Copper chloro-complexes concentrated solutions: an electrochemical study, Batteries, 7 (2021) 83 [iii] L. Faggiano, G. Lacarbonara, W.D. Badenhorst, L. Murtomäki, L. Sanz, C. Arbizzani, Short thermal treatment of carbon felts for copper-based redox flow batteries, Journal of Power Sources, 520, (2022), 230846 Figure 1
Fabrication of Highly Flexible Copper Nanowires in Dual Surfactant Hydrothermal Process (2019)

Highly flexible Cu nanowires were successfully synthesized by a dual-surfactant hydrothermal process using oleylamine and oleic acid. The ultra-long Cu nanowires have a mean diameter as low as 82.3 nm and lengths greater than 300 <i>μ</i>m. It was found that reaction time and oleylamine concentration significantly influenced the morphology and phase composition of the Cu products. At a shorter reaction time (about 4 hours), pentagonal bipyramidal CU₂O particles were precipitated together with the Cu nanowires. A longer reaction time of 12 hours resulted in smooth and purely metallic Cu nanowires. It is possible that CU₂O served as an intermediate phase to control the activity of free CU<sup>2+</sup> ions in the solution. On the other hand, a higher oleylamine concentration generally produced longer Cu nanowires. Cu nanowires conducting electrode with a sheet resistance of about 157.0 Ω/□ were fabricated. However, the optical transmittance of the electrode at 550 nm was very low (<20%) because of the agglomeration of the Cu nanowires. The addition of a small quantity of Ag nanowires in the Cu nanowire ink markedly improved the appearance and electrical properties of the resulting electrode.
TEM Studies on the Role of Local Chemistry and Atomic Structure in Battery Materials (2020)

Journal Article TEM Studies on the Role of Local Chemistry and Atomic Structure in Battery Materials Get access Yifei Yuan, Yifei Yuan University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Khalil Amine, Khalil Amine Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Jun Lu, Jun Lu Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Reza Shahbazian-Yassar Reza Shahbazian-Yassar University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 26, Issue S2, 1 August 2020, Pages 148–149, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927620013586 Published: 01 August 2020
WATER MOBILITY AND MOLD SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ENGINEERED WOOD PRODUCTS (2006)

There are significant environmental benefits of understanding the water characteristics in engineered woodproducts related to their fungi/mold susceptibility. The primary goal of this investigation was to gain a fundamentalunderstanding of the water characteristics in oriented strandboard (OSB) using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)approaches. Isotherm sorption tests were conducted on commercial OSB specimens made from different wood species andadhesive combinations. Moisture content (MC) determination, water activity (aw) measurement, and magnetic resonancerelaxometry plus chemometrics analysis were performed on the OSB specimens during isotherm sorption tests. The resultsshowed that neither MC nor aw is a reliable indicator of mold susceptibility of OSB. NMR relaxometry together withdistributed exponential analysis detected that the state of water with the longest spin-spin relaxation time is responsible forthe mold susceptibility of OSB. OSB made from southern pine had higher mold susceptibility than that made from aspenbecause the pine OSB had a third water component with very long spin-spin relaxation time (6035-7346 .s). The resultssuggest that a new protocol for quality control based on NMR relaxometry could be put in place in OSB production.
Guest Editorial Special Issue on Wireless Power Transfer (2015)

The papers in this special section focus on the technologies and applications that support wireless power transfer (WPT). The papers focus on state-of-the-art research, experimentation, and development, as well as future trends in the modeling, analysis, design, control, and testing of wireless power systems for mobile devices, electric vehicles (EV), etc. WPT is increasingly utilized in mobile devices, industrial applications, medical equipment, and transportation. Despite its advantages, however, WPT technology has not been adopted for widespread use. This delay may be because the technology remains quite expensive and less efficient than other available technologies. Furthermore, electromagnetic field and electromagnetic interference can become severe for a longer and higher power transfer, and they should be reasonably mitigated. Continued effort and innovation in WPT will be needed to open an era of wireless power adoption.
AUTOGEN (2016)

We present AUTOGEN---an algorithm that for a wide class of dynamic programming (DP) problems automatically discovers highly efficient cache-oblivious parallel recursive divide-and-conquer algorithms from inefficient iterative descriptions of DP recurrences. AUTOGEN analyzes the set of DP table locations accessed by the iterative algorithm when run on a DP table of small size, and automatically identifies a recursive access pattern and a corresponding provably correct recursive algorithm for solving the DP recurrence. We use AUTOGEN to autodiscover efficient algorithms for several well-known problems. Our experimental results show that several autodiscovered algorithms significantly outperform parallel looping and tiled loop-based algorithms. Also these algorithms are less sensitive to fluctuations of memory and bandwidth compared with their looping counterparts, and their running times and energy profiles remain relatively more stable. To the best of our knowledge, AUTOGEN is the first algorithm that can automatically discover new nontrivial divide-and-conquer algorithms.
Bacteriological and electron microscopy examination of brown pigment stones (1989)

Bacteriological and morphological studies of 38 brown pigment common duct stones were performed. Stone cultures were positive for bacteria in 80.5% of those studied. Enterococci were the most common organisms that were isolated. Scanning electron microscopy showed the presence of bacteria in 84.2% of the stones. The bacteria were seen embedded within an amorphous matrix in alternating layers of flakelike crystals. Transmission electron microscopy showed the presence of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria surrounded by a ruthenium red-stained exopolysaccharide material. Results of the bacteriological and morphological studies confirmed the close relationship between the presence of bacteria and the development of brown pigment stones.
Overt security features through digital printing (2006)

Digital printing technology represents a counterfeiting threat and a counterfeiting deterrence opportunity. Digital reproduction methods have been used to produce holographic and printed features similar to those on banknotes. As digital technology continues to improve, the quality of those features will become nearly indistinguishable from intaglio printing, offset printing and holograms. Optically active devices and inks have been useful to slow counterfeiters, but security document and feature designers need more tools. The toolbox for digital technologies is very large and being exploited by the counterfeiters, but their toolbox has been limited to commercially available digital technologies. Security designers also need to take advantage of this toolbox with the additional lever of secure materials. By leveraging digital technologies with secure materials, variable information and integration with other security features, security document designers can create new, attractive features that are hard to replicate. The high level of difficulty to create security materials in the sub-micron to nanometer size range with multiple functionalities is one barrier. Creating inks that are formulated to fit the stringent requirements for custom digital printing methods creates another barrier to unauthorized reproduction. All of the other valuable aspects of digital technology are therefore accessible only to those with access to these secure materials. Leveraging these digital materials to make optical effects make them useful for the end-user authentication. Furthermore, use of digital technologies allows the incorporation of variable data that can be authenticated visually or using proprietary algorithms and detection / sorting equipment.
Supplementary igure 1 from Identification of Promiscuous KIF20A Long Peptides Bearing Both CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell Epitopes: KIF20A-Specific CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cell Immunity in Patients with Malignant Tumor (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 1 - PDF file 188K, KIF20A-derived and promiscuous HLA class II-binding peptides predicted by a recently developed computer algorithm&lt;/p&gt;
Hybrid checking for microarchitectural validation of microprocessor designs on acceleration platforms (2013)

Software-based simulation provides a convenient environment for microprocessor design validation, where a number of complex software checkers are integrated with the simulated design to identify discrepancies between design and specification. Unfortunately, the performance of software-based simulation is vastly inadequate to achieve sufficient coverage for large microprocessor designs with complex microarchitectures. Hence, acceleration and emulation platforms are heavily deployed in the industry for high-performance validation. However, software checkers cannot be directly incorporated into such platforms, forcing designers to craft ad-hoc solutions. Adapting checking solutions for software simulation to acceleration platforms presents the following constraints: i) only a limited number of signals can be monitored per cycle for checking purposes so as to retain acceptable simulation performance, and ii) the overhead of the added checking logic must be minimal. In this work, we explore a novel solution to adapt software-based checkers for individual microarchitectural blocks to acceleration platforms, by leveraging a hybrid approach. Our solution exploits embedded logic and data tracing for post-simulation checking in a synergistic fashion to limit the associated overhead. Embedded logic can be used for synthesized local checkers as well as to compress the traced data and thus limit recording overhead. We analyze several trade-offs associated with checking accuracy and logic / recording overhead for different microarchitectural blocks of an out-of-order superscalar processor design. We strive to provide valuable insights on how to adapt such software checkers to the acceleration environment using our hybrid approach. We find that, by leveraging simple embedded checkers and data compressors (15-25% logic overhead), we can achieve excellent checking accuracy even when aggressively compressing the data for transfer (only 15-25 bits/cycle), and localize bugs up to 5,900 cycles sooner than an architectural-level checker.