gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional virtual images for security applications (2004)

Three-dimensional images may be produced by a number of methods, the earliest being integral photography. The basic concept involves exposing a photographic emulsion to light scattered from an object through a fly's eye lens to produce an array of micro-images, one behind each lenslet. An observer viewing the composite image through the lenslet array sees a three-dimensional representation of the object. Over the past 5 years, 3M has applied laser technology to the creation of three-dimensional virtual images using the integral photography approach. The virtual images made by this process can be observed by a viewer with the unaided eye in either reflected or transmitted light. The images display large movement as an observer's viewing perspective changes and have a distinct on/off-viewing angle beyond which the image cannot be seen. The fidelity of the virtual images requires maintaining the registration of the substrate lenslets and the micro-images produced by the laser imaging process. This makes the images difficult to copy or modify and an ideal, cost-effective candidate for an overt security feature.
Coherent control of ultracold polar molecules (2018)

This thesis presents the development of a toolbox for the coherent control of ultracold polar molecules. Such systems of molecules promise the creation of long-lived, highly dipolar quantum gases with applications spanning the fields of quantum state controlled chemistry, quantum information, quantum simulation, and precision measurement. However, the addition of vibrational&#13;\nand rotational degrees of freedom leads to molecular systems being significantly more complex than their widely used atomic counterparts. In this work we demonstrate full control of the quantum state down to the hyperfine level of an optically trapped sample of ultracold bosonic 87Rb133 Cs molecules, and exploit that control to begin an investigation into the collision processes which take place in an ultracold molecular gas.&#13;\n&#13;\nWe create a sample of up to â¼ 4000 optically trapped molecules in their rovibronic and hyperfine ground state. We characterise the molecules by measuring their temperature, binding energy, and molecule-frame electric&#13;\ndipole moment. &#13;\n&#13;\nWe perform spectroscopy of the first rotationally excited state with hyperfine state resolution using microwaves to determine accurate values of rotational and hyperfine coupling constants. We use coherent Ï pulses to perform complete transfer population between selected hyperfine levels of the ground, first-excited, and second-excited rotational states.&#13;\n&#13;\nWe investigate the effect of the off-resonant light of our optical dipole trap on the rotational and hyperfine structure of the molecules. Through a combination of high-resolution microwave spectroscopy and parametric heating measurements, we characterise the polarisability of the 87Rb133Cs molecule. We demonstrate that coupling between neighbouring hyperfine states manifests in rich structure with many avoided crossings in any rotational state other than the ground state. This coupling may be tuned by rotating the polarisation of the linearly polarised trapping light.&#13;\n&#13;\nFinally, we study the lifetime of polar bosonic&#13;\n87Rb133Cs molecules in our 3D optical dipole trap. We examine the lifetime of the molecules as a function&#13;\nof dipole trap intensity, magnetic field, and hyperfine and rotational state. Despite the chemical stability of the 87Rb133 Cs molecule, we observe lifetimes of â¼1 s corresponding to 2-body decay rates close to the universal limit.
All-optical Logic Gates using Absorption Modulation of an Injection-locked Fabry-Perot Laser Diode (2006)

A novel method for simple and multi-functional all-optical logic gate using the absorption modulation of injection-locked FP-LD is proposed and experimentally demonstrated for 'OR/NOR' and 'AND/NAND' logic functions at 1 Gbit/s. The proposed logic gate is advantageous in that it uses low-cost commercialized FP-LD and can give logically either normal or inverted output by simply tuning the wavelength of the probe beam.
Multilayered Low Temperature Cofired Ceramics (LTCC) Technology (2005)

In recent years, Low Temperature Cofired Ceramics (LTCC) have become an attractive technology for electronic components and substrates that are compact, light, and offer high-speed and functionality f
The Effect of Frac-Fluid Density on Hydraulic Fracture Growth Direction and Width (1998)

Abstract In the absence of significant formation-stress contrasts between adjacentzones, the frac-fluid density will determine the preferred growth direction of a vertical hydraulic fracture. A vertical hydraulic fracture will grow in aradial or penny-shaped manner if the frac-fluid density is approximately equal to the gradient of the least principal formation stress. Upward growth is favored if the formation-stress gradient exceeds the frac-fluid density. Even in the presence of significant stress barriers, frac-fluid density may influence the fracture-growth direction within the pay zone and after the hydraulic fracture has penetrated into the barrier layers. This paper presents a closed-form solution to rapidly assess the effect of treatment fluid density and proppant loading on hydraulic fracture growth direction and width under a given formation-stress state. This solution was used to: Explain the apparent lack of downward growth in specific hydraulic fracture stimulation treatments Confirm that large treatment intervals can be successfully stimulated with one treatment Determine where a horizontal well should be located within the pay zone to maximize coverage by subsequent fracture treatments These solutions have been successfully used to answer questions such as: P. 91
Abstract 5520: Therapeutic vaccination with epitope-enhanced and wild-type TARP peptides in stage D0 prostate cancer (2011)

Abstract Background: T-cell receptor alternate reading frame protein (TARP) is immunogenic, is expressed in ∼95% of prostate cancer specimens and hence is a good candidate for therapeutic vaccination. The immunogenicity of HLA-A*0201 binding TARP peptides can be improved through epitope-enhancement achieved by amino acid substitutions that result in increased HLA binding affinity and immunogenicity at least in mice. We conducted a pilot study to determine the safety and immunogenicity of TARP peptide vaccination and its impact on PSA doubling time (PSADT) in men with Stage D0 prostate cancer. Methods: HLA-A*0201 positive men were randomized to receive epitope-enhanced (29-37-9V) or wild type (27-35) TARP peptides administered as a peptide emulsion with Montanide ISA 51VG plus GM-CSF (Arm A) or as an autologous peptide-pulsed dendritic cell vaccine (Arm B). Vaccines are administered q 3 weeks for a total of 5 vaccines with an optional 6th dose of vaccine at 36 weeks based on immune response or PSADT criteria and a booster dose of vaccine for all patients at 48 weeks. Results: 26 patients have enrolled in the study to date (n = 14 Arm A, n = 12 Arm B) with a mean on study duration of 7.5 months. Mean baseline cohort characteristics: age 63 yrs, PSA 4.43, PSADT 7.3 months and Gleason Score 6.7 with 19 of 26 s/p radical prostatectomy. TARP vaccination was safe and well tolerated with adverse events limited to local injection site reactions &amp;lt; Grade 2. Nine of 18 patients (50%) reaching 24 weeks on study were documented to have an increase in their PSADT compared to baseline. Mean Percent Increase/Prolongation in PSADT: Surprisingly TARP-specific IFN-γ ELISPOT responses have been detected ex vivo in only 3 of 14 (21%) patients examined to date. Conclusion: Vaccination with wild type and epitope-enhanced TARP peptides results in prolongation of PSADT in a substantial fraction of patients. The immunologic correlates responsible for PSADT lengthening are poorly understood and require additional study. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5520. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5520
Cross-wind profiling based on the scattered wave scintillations in a telescope focus (2007)

The problem of wind profile reconstruction from scintillation of an optical wave scattered off a rough surface in a telescope focus plane is considered. Both the expression for the spatiotemporal correlation function and the algorithm of cross-wind velocity and direction profiles reconstruction based on the spatiotemporal spectrum of intensity of an optical wave scattered by a diffuse target in a turbulent atmosphere are presented. Computer simulations performed under conditions of weak optical turbulence show wind profiles reconstruction by the developed algorithm.
The mutual exclusion problem (1986)

The theory developed in Part I is used to state the mutual exclusion problem and several additional fairness and failure-tolerance requirements. Four “distributed” N -process solutions are given, ranging from a solution requiring only one communication bit per process that permits individual starvation, to one requiring about N ! communication bits per process that satisfies every reasonable fairness and failure-tolerance requirement that we can conceive of.
Interaction of Crohn's Disease Susceptibility Genes in an Australian Paediatric Cohort (2010)

Genetic susceptibility is an important contributor to the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD). We investigated multiple CD susceptibility genes in an Australian paediatric onset CD cohort. Newly diagnosed paediatric onset CD patients (n = 72) and controls (n = 98) were genotyped for 34 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 18 genetic loci. Gene-gene interaction analysis, gene-disease phenotype analysis and genetic risk profiling were performed for all SNPs and all genes. Of the 34 SNPs analysed, four polymorphisms on three genes (NOD2, IL23R, and region 3p21) were significantly associated with CD status (p<0.05). All three CD specific paediatric polymorphisms on PSMG1 and TNFRSF6B showed a trend of association with p<0.1. An additive gene-gene interaction involving TLR4, PSMG1, TNFRSF6B and IRGM was identified with CD. Genes involved in microbial processing (TLR4, PSMG1, NOD2) were significantly associated either at the individual level or in gene-gene interactive roles. Colonic disease was significantly associated with disease SNP rs7517847 (IL23R) (p<0.05) and colonic and ileal/colonic disease was significantly associated with disease SNP rs125221868 (IBD5) and SLC22A4 & SLC22A4/5 variants (p<0.05). We were able to demonstrate genetic association of several genes to CD in a paediatric onset cohort. Several of the observed associations have not been reported previously in association with paediatric CD patients. Our findings demonstrate that CD genetic susceptibility in paediatric patients presents as a complex interaction between numerous genes.
MO938: Variability of Serum Phosphate in Incident Hemodialysis Patients: Association With All-Cause Mortality (2022)

Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIMS In maintenance hemodialysis, both low and high serum phosphate levels are related to patient outcomes. We aimed to further explore the relation between serum phosphate (P) variability and all-cause mortality. METHOD All adult incident hemodialysis patients treated in U.S. Fresenius Kidney Care clinics between January 2010 and October 2018 were included. The first 6 months on hemodialysis were defined as baseline, months 7–18 as the follow-up period. All-cause mortality was recorded during follow-up. We quantitated variability as directional range (DR), a metric that describes during baseline the difference between the largest and the smallest value; the DR is positive when the smallest value precedes the largest; otherwise, the DR is negative. Cox proportional hazards models with spline terms were applied to explore the association between DR and SD of serum P and all-cause mortality. Additionally, tensor product smoothing splines were computed to study the interactions of P with the DR and SD of P and their joint associations with outcomes. All analyses were adjusted for demographics, comorbidities and nutritional parameters. RESULTS A total of 281 356 patients were included, 258 741 patients were studied. The average age was 62.3 years, 58% were males, 68% were diabetic, 10% with COPD and 25% with CHF. Baseline mean serum P was 5.07 mg/dL, the median DR was + 1.7 mg/dL and the median SD was 0.97. Our results indicate that both higher and lower levels of DR are associated with a higher risk of mortality (Fig. 1). With higher levels of serum P, both lower (negative) and higher levels of DR of serum P were associated with a higher risk of mortality (Fig. 2). In patients with lower levels of serum P, a negative level of DR is associated with a high mortality risk, while the association is attenuated in patients with higher (positive) levels of DR (Fig. 2). On all levels of serum P, higher SD is associated with a higher risk of mortality. CONCLUSION Stable serum P levels between 4 and 6 mg/dL are associated with the best outcomes. Negative DR of serum P is associated with particularly high HR for all-cause mortality in the presence of serum P levels &amp;lt;3 mg/dL, possibly because patients are generally malnourished or inflamed, and a further reduction of serum P indicates nutritional deterioration. Serum P &amp;gt; 8 mg/dL is associated with increased all-cause mortality, irrespective of DR.
Design of Radial Line Slot Antennas at 8.3 GHz for Large Area Uniform Plasma Generation (1999)

A radial line slot antenna (RLSA) 400 mm in diameter is designed for a plasma source at 8.3 GHz as a candidate for a large area high density plasma source with a narrow process space. A RLSA with paired slots arrayed concentrically on its aperture is designed and applied to a plasma process system which does not need a magnetic field. First, electrical performance without plasma is predicted and measured. Reasonable voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) as well as uniform field distribution on the antenna aperture is realized. As applied to the plasma test equipment, high electron density of more than 1×10 12 cm -3 as well as fairly uniform (±2%) distribution at a low electron temperature is produced in the vicinity of the antenna aperture through a quartz glass window. Control of uniformity in ion flux profiles by blocking the antenna aperture is demonstrated.
Optical Recording of Fast Neuronal Membrane Potential Transients in Acute Mammalian Brain Slices by Second-Harmonic Generation Microscopy (2005)

Although nonlinear microscopy and fast (approximately 1 ms) membrane potential (Vm) recording have proven valuable for neuroscience applications, their potentially powerful combination has not yet been shown for studies of Vm activity deep in intact tissue. We show that laser illumination of neurons in acute rat brain slices intracellularly filled with FM4-64 dye generates an intense second-harmonic generation (SHG) signal from somatic and dendritic plasma membranes with high contrast >125 microm below the slice surface. The SHG signal provides a linear response to DeltaVm of approximately 7.5%/100 mV. By averaging repeated line scans (approximately 50), we show the ability to record action potentials (APs) optically with a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of approximately 7-8. We also show recording of fast Vm steps from the dendritic arbor at depths inaccessible with previous methods. The high membrane contrast and linear response of SHG to DeltaVm provides the advantage that signal changes are not degraded by background and can be directly quantified in terms of DeltaVm. Experimental comparison of SHG and two-photon fluorescence Vm recording with the best known probes for each showed that the SHG technique is superior for Vm recording in brain slice applications, with FM4-64 as the best tested SHG Vm probe.
Diamond planar refractive lenses for third- and fourth-generation X-ray sources (2003)

The fabrication and testing of planar refractive hard X-ray lenses made from bulk CVD diamond substrates is reported. The lens structures were generated by electron-beam lithography and transferred by reactive-ion etching into the diamond. Various lens designs were fabricated and tested at 12.4 and 17.5 keV photon energy. Efficiencies of up to 71% and gains of up to 26 were achieved. A line focus of 3.2 micro m (FWHM) was measured. These lenses should be able to withstand the extreme flux densities expected at the planned fourth-generation X-ray sources.
Distributed engineering courses with on-line components (2002)

In this paper, through two different teaching experiences, the role of the Internet in delivering effective educational opportunities is discussed. Due to the unprecedented technological advancements in recent years, the role of computer technology in offering distributed courses has changed forever. Two recent experiments were carried out by the College of Engineering at the University of Central Florida (UCF), USA. One engineering course was taught at UCF while one of the authors (course instructor) was on a Fulbright scholarship visit at the Princess Sumaya University College for Technology (PSUCT) in Jordan. The second engineering course was taught at PSUCT with the instructor at UCF.
Determination of Carbohydrate Structure Recognized by Prostate-specific F77 Monoclonal Antibody through Expression Analysis of Glycosyltransferase Genes (2014)

This study reports the determination of the carbohydrate epitope of monoclonal antibody F77 previously raised against human prostate cancer PC-3 cells (Zhang, G., Zhang, H., Wang, Q., Lal, P., Carroll, A. M., de la Llera-Moya, M., Xu, X., and Greene, M. I. (2010) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 107, 732-737). We performed a series of co-transfections using mammalian expression vectors encoding specific glycosyltransferases. We thereby identified branching enzymes and FUT1 (required for Fucα1→2Gal linkage) as being essential for F77 antigen formation. When immortalized normal prostate 267B1 cells were transfected with FUT1 alone, cells showed weak expression of F77 antigen. By contrast, cells co-transfected with FUT1 plus either GCNT1, GCNT2, or GCNT3 (an enzyme required to form GlcNAcβ1→6Gal/GalNAc) showed robust F77 antigen expression, suggesting that F77 specifically binds to Fucα1→2Galβ1→4GlcNAcβ1→6Gal/GalNAc. RT-PCR for FUT1, GCNT1, GCNT2, and GCNT3 showed that F77-positive cell lines indeed express transcripts encoding FUT1 plus one GCNT. F77-positive prostate cancer cells transfected with siRNAs targeting FUT1, GCNT2, and GCNT3 showed significantly reduced F77 antigen, confirming the requirement of these enzymes for epitope synthesis. We also found that hypoxia induces F77 epitope expression in immortalized prostate RWPE1 cells, which express F77 antigen moderately under normoxia but at an elevated level under hypoxia. Quantitative RT-PCR demonstrated up-regulation of FUT1, GCNT2, and GCNT3 transcripts in RWPE1 cells under hypoxia, suggesting that hypoxia up-regulates glycosyltransferase expression required for F77 antigen synthesis. These results define the F77 epitope and provide a potential mechanism for F77 antigen synthesis in malignant prostate cancer.
Tunable Enzymatic Synthesis of the Immunomodulator Lipid IVA To Enable Structure–Activity Analysis (2019)

The Lipid A family of glycolipids, found in the outer membranes of all Gram-negative bacteria, exhibits considerable structural diversity in both lipid and glycan moieties. The lack of facile methods to prepare analogues of these natural products represents a major roadblock in understanding the relationship between their structure and immunomodulatory activities. Here we present a modular, cell-free multienzymatic platform to access these structure-activity relationships. By individually purifying 19 Escherichia coli proteins and reconstituting them in vitro in the presence of acetyl-CoA, UDP- N-acetylglucosamine, NADPH, and ATP, we have developed a system capable of synthesizing Lipid IV<sub>A</sub>, the first bioactive intermediate in the Lipid A pathway. Our reconstituted multienzyme system revealed considerable promiscuity for orthologs with distinct substrate specificity, as illustrated by swapping enzymes from distantly related cyanobacterial and Pseudomonas species. Analysis of the agonistic and antagonistic activities of the resulting products against the THP-1 human monocytic cell line revealed hitherto unrecognized trends, while opening the door to harnessing the potent biological activities of these complex glycolipid natural products.
Acarbose is an effective treatment for severe hypertriglyceridemia secondary to l-asparaginase and dexamethasone (2011)

"Acarbose is an effective treatment for severe hypertriglyceridemia secondary to l-asparaginase and dexamethasone." Leukemia & Lymphoma, 53(6), pp. 1245–1246 Potential conflict of interest:Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at www.informahealthcare.com/lal.
Data from Targeting BCL2 Overcomes Resistance and Augments Response to Aurora Kinase B Inhibition by AZD2811 in Small Cell Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;Therapeutic resistance to frontline therapy develops rapidly in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Treatment options are also limited by the lack of targetable driver mutations. Therefore, there is an unmet need for developing better therapeutic strategies and biomarkers of response. Aurora kinase B (AURKB) inhibition exploits an inherent genomic vulnerability in SCLC and is a promising therapeutic approach. Here, we identify biomarkers of response and develop rational combinations with AURKB inhibition to improve treatment efficacy.&lt;/p&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;p&gt;Selective AURKB inhibitor AZD2811 was profiled in a large panel of SCLC cell lines (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 57) and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Proteomic and transcriptomic profiles were analyzed to identify candidate biomarkers of response and resistance. Effects on polyploidy, DNA damage, and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry and Western blotting. Rational drug combinations were validated in SCLC cell lines and PDX models.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;AZD2811 showed potent growth inhibitory activity in a subset of SCLC, often characterized by, but not limited to, high cMYC expression. Importantly, high BCL2 expression predicted resistance to AURKB inhibitor response in SCLC, independent of cMYC status. AZD2811-induced DNA damage and apoptosis were suppressed by high BCL2 levels, while combining AZD2811 with a BCL2 inhibitor significantly sensitized resistant models. &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt;, sustained tumor growth reduction and regression was achieved even with intermittent dosing of AZD2811 and venetoclax, an FDA-approved BCL2 inhibitor.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;BCL2 inhibition overcomes intrinsic resistance and enhances sensitivity to AURKB inhibition in SCLC preclinical models.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Moment-equation and path-integral techniques for wave propagation in random media (1986)

Differential equations for all moments of the field of a wave propagating through a random medium are derived under the parabolic approximation and the Markov approximation, but including anisotropy in the random medium and a deterministic background refractive index. Mathematical equivalence is demonstrated between these moment equations and path-integral expressions for the moments obtained under the same approximations. A discussion of approximations that are weaker than Markov is given.