gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Achieving High Porcine Islet Yield With Class 1, Class 2 Collagenases (Mammalian Tissue Free) in Combination With Dispase. (2014)

Isolating high quality islets from porcine pancreas is challenging. Pancreas digestion requires appropriate tissue dissociation enzymes to release islets without damage. Class 1 (C1), class 2 (C2) collagenases are commonly premixed in commercially available enzyme blends. However, it is important to alter the ratio of C1 and C2 for improving islet yield. After withdrawal of Liberase-PI, mammalian tissue-free, highly purified C1 and C2 collagenases and dispase have been developed (Roche). In this study, we optimized the dose and ratio of these new enzymes for use in porcine islet isolation. Individual vials of these enzymes present the opportunity to mix at different C1 to C2 ratio for maximizing the islet yield. Donor pancreas was procured after arterial flush from <2 years old pigs. Pancreas digestion was done using C1 and C2 and recombinant dispase (provided by Roche) (n=45) at different ratio. Donor age-matched islet isolation outcome results of the new enzyme combination were compared with old Liberase-PI enzyme blend (n=79). Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) was measured to assess islet function. The results are shown below.Table: No Caption available.The final islet yield/ gram pancreas after purification was comparable to Liberase-PI isolations (1,565 ± 1050 vs 1,438 ± 666). The total islet yield and islet yield/gram pancreas after digestion were comparable between enzymes. The OCR levels indicated a very high fractional viability of islets (>175 OCR/DNA) processed with the new enzymes before and after islet culture These preliminary findings suggest that the new C1 and C2 collagenases in combination with dispase improved pig islet processing. This study results show that higher proportion of C2 is necessary for pig pancreas digest compared to human islet isolation.
Frequency-Domain Measurement of Spontaneous Emission Lifetime in Rare-Earth-Doped Gain Media (2017)

The spontaneous emission lifetime in Al2O3:Tm3+ waveguides is measured to be 568 ± 48 µs, using a frequency-domain method. The method is studied and verified in Er3+-doped silica fiber, yielding a measured lifetime of 9.73 ± 0.08 ms.
Interprosthetic Fracture of the Femoral Shaft Treated with a Percutaneously Inserted Dynamic Condylar Screw: Case Report (2003)

From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University-Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, New York. Submitted for publication October 15, 2001. Accepted for publication February 6, 2002. Address for reprints: Kenneth J. Koval, MD, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University-Hospital for Joint Diseases, 14th Floor, 301 East 17th Street, New York, NY 10003.
Adenine-Based Acyclic Nucleotides as Novel P2X3Receptor Ligands (2009)

A new series of acyclic nucleotides based on the adenine skeleton and bearing in 9-position a phosphorylated four carbon chain has been synthesized. Various substituents were introduced in 2-position of the adenine core. The new compounds were evaluated on rat P2X3 receptors, using patch clamp recording from HEK transfected cells and the full P2X3 agonist alpha,beta-meATP as reference compound. The results suggest that certain acyclic nucleotides, in particular compounds 28 and 29, are endowed with modest partial agonism on P2X3 receptors. This is an interesting property that can depress the function of P2X3 receptors, whose activation is believed to be involved in a number of chronic pain conditions including neuropathic pain and migraine. In fact, the new acyclic nucleotides are able to persistently block (by desensitization) P2X3 receptor activity after a brief, modest activation, yet leaving the ability of sensory neurons to mediate responses to standard painful stimuli via a lower level of signaling.
Polypyridylpropyne‐Pd and ‐Pt porphyrin coating for visualization of oxygen pressure (2008)

Abstract Poly[1‐trimethylsilyl‐1‐propyne‐ co ‐1‐(3‐pyridyl)propyne] 1 was prepared both as a polymer‐ligand of a palladium porphyrin (PdOEP) and of a platinum porphyrin (PtTFP) and as a highly gas‐permeable polymer matrix of the porphyrin. The porphyrin acted as a phosphorescence probe which could be quenched with oxygen and sense the oxygen partial pressure. 1 gave a smooth and tough coating with a thickness of ca . 2 µm which homogeneously involved the porphyrin. The porphyrin‐ 1 coatings displayed strong red‐colored phosphorescences (the emission maximum at 670 and 650 nm for PdOEP and PtTFP, respectively), and their intensity significantly decreased with an increase in the oxygen partial pressure on the coating. The high oxygen‐quenching efficiency or the high oxygen pressure sensitivity of the porphyrin's phosphorescence was observed even at cryogenic temperature. Aggregation of the porphyrin was suppressed in the coating by ligation of the porphyrin with the nitrogenous residue of 1 to significantly reduce spatial noise in the phosphorescence measurement or the oxygen‐pressure sensing. PtTFP‐ 1 was coated on the surface of a delta wing model. The oxygen‐pressure distribution on the coated model was successfully visualized in a cryogenic wind tunnel test. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Design and Fabrication of Thin-Film Silicon-Based Selective Solar Absorbers (2018)

The efficiency of solar absorbers at capturing heat can be improved dramatically using spectral selectivity. Applying this concept to thin-film silicon increases thermal transfer efficiencies over 60% at 595 °C under moderate solar concentrations.
Diversity of cystathionine β-synthase haplotypes bearing the most common homocystinuria mutation c.833T>C: a possible role for gene conversion (2006)

Homozygosity or compound heterozygosity for the c.833T>C transition (p.I278 T) in the cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) gene represents the most common cause of pyridoxine-responsive homocystinuria in Western Eurasians. However, the frequency of the pathogenic c.833C allele, as observed in healthy newborns from several European countries (q(c.833C) approximately equals 3.3 x 10(-3)), is approximately 20-fold higher than expected on the basis of the observed number of symptomatic homocystinuria patients carrying this mutation (q(c.833C) approximately equals 0.18 x 10(-3)), implying clinical underascertainment. Intriguingly, the c.833C mutation is also present in combination with a 68-bp insertion, c.[833C; 844_845ins68], in a substantial proportion of chromosomes from nonhomocystinuric individuals worldwide. We have sought to study the relationship between the pathogenic and nonpathogenic c.833C-bearing chromosomes and to determine whether the pathogenic c.[833C; -] chromosomes are identical-by-descent or instead arose by recurrent mutation. Initial haplotype analysis of 780 randomly selected Czech and sub-Saharan African wild-type chromosomes, employing 12 intragenic markers, revealed 29 distinct CBS haplotypes, of which 10 carried the c.[833C; 844_845ins68] combination; none carried an isolated c.833C or c.844_845ins68 mutation. Subsequent examination of 69 pathogenic c.[833C; -] chromosomes, derived from homocystinuria patients of predominantly European origin, disclosed three unrelated haplotypes that differed from their wild-type counterparts by virtue of the presence of c.833C, thereby indicating that c.833T>C transition has occurred repeatedly and independently in the past. Since c.833T does not reside within an obvious mutational hotspot, we surmise that the three pathogenic and comparatively prevalent c.[833C; -] chromosomes may have originated by recurrent gene conversion employing the common nonpathogenic c.[833C; 844_845ins68] chromosomes as templates.
The Discovery of a Selective, High Affinity A2B Adenosine Receptor Antagonist for the Potential Treatment of Asthma. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Demonstration of a wide-band fiber-optic nulling system for array antennas (1999)

A novel technique for forming and steering squint-free wide-band nulls in the far-field pattern of an ultrawide-band array antenna is presented. The nulling system relies upon a fiber-optic dispersive prism tapped delay-line microwave filter to generate the appropriate nulling waveform. The null-forming architecture was integrated with a wide-band fiber-optic dispersive prism true-time-delay transmit beamformer for demonstration in an anechoic chamber. Measurements show null depths of the order of 15 dB over the 4-18-GHz bandwidth of the system for various steering angles. The demonstrated architecture may be used for simultaneous wide-band beamforming, sidelobe reduction, and jammer suppression.
ChemInform Abstract: Et3N‐Induced Demethylation—Annulation of 3‐Alkynyl‐4‐methoxy‐2‐pyridones and Structurally Related Compounds in the Synthesis of Furan‐Fused Heterocycles. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Creating Change in Scientific Institutions through Subversion, Revolution (Title IX) & Climate Change (2015)

The slow crawl at which research universities diversify their faculty is a national disgrace in that these universities recruit for students that reflect the face of America, yet are still not yet fully incorporating that pool of talent onto their faculty. Similar difficulties are apparent among the scientific staff of national/federal laboratories. But how can one person change the world of science? Subvert the standard operating procedure. Create a microclimate that shows―over time―how new patterns of operation and inclusiveness yield productive, innovative science. Use the scientific capital and street credentials accrued over time, thanks to the humane microclimate and research productivity of one's team, to challenge the status quo with reasoned and bold arguments for change. Remember the importance of uppity behavior and applying “tipping point” mechanisms to move beyond initial reactions of dismissal to―over time―accepted inevitability (such as greeted my audacious suggestion in March 2000 to withhold federal funds from non‐diversified chemistry departments through application of Title IX). Ask the leaders of our S&amp;T institutions the following: how good can American science, engineering, mathematics, and technology (STEM) be when we are missing more than two‐thirds of the talent? Learn to demand that our world of science be one that truly relishes the talent innate to all of humanity for science and discovery.
ALX receptor ligands define a biochemical endotype for severe asthma (2018)

BACKGROUND. In health, inflammation resolution is an active process governed by specialized proresolving mediators and receptors. ALX/FPR2 receptors (ALX) are targeted by both proresolving and proinflammatory ligands for opposing signaling events, suggesting pivotal roles for ALX in the fate of inflammatory responses. Here, we determined if ALX expression and ligands were linked to severe asthma (SA).

METHODS. ALX expression and levels of proresolving ligands (lipoxin A4 [LXA4], 15-epi-LXA4, and annexin A1 [ANXA1]), and a proinflammatory ligand (serum amyloid A [SAA]) were measured in bronchoscopy samples collected in Severe Asthma Research Program-3 (SA [n = 69], non-SA [NSA, n = 51] or healthy donors [HDs, n = 47]).

RESULTS. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid LXA4 and 15-epi-LXA4 were decreased and SAA was increased in SA relative to NSA. BAL macrophage ALX expression was increased in SA. Subjects with LXA4loSAAhi levels had increased BAL neutrophils, more asthma symptoms, lower lung function, increased relative risk for asthma exacerbation, sinusitis, and gastroesophageal reflux disease, and were assigned more frequently to SA clinical clusters. SAA and aliquots of LXA4loSAAhi BAL fluid induced IL-8 production by lung epithelial cells expressing ALX receptors, which was inhibited by coincubation with 15-epi-LXA4.

CONCLUSIONS. Together, these findings have established an association between select ALX receptor ligands and asthma severity that define a potentially new biochemical endotype for asthma and support a pivotal functional role for ALX signaling in the fate of lung inflammation.

TRIAL REGISTRATION. Severe Asthma Research Program-3 (SARP-3; ClinicalTrials.gov {type:clinical-trial,attrs:{text:NCT01606826,term_id:NCT01606826}}NCT01606826)

FUNDING Sources. National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, the NIH, and the German Society of Pediatric Pneumology.
A Novel Role of Histone Deacetylase 11 (HDAC11) in the Regulation of IL-10 Production and Immune Tolerance Mediated by Antigen-Presenting Cells. (2007)

Abstract Antigen-presenting cells (APC) can induce T-cell activation as well as T-cell tolerance. The induction of such a divergent outcomes is determined by the inflammatory status of the APC at the time of encounter with antigen specific T-cells. The molecular basis by which the APC regulate this critical decision of the immune system remain not well understood. Chromatin modification induced by acetylation/deacetylation of histones plays an important role in regulation of gene transcription, including genes involved in the inflammatory response. Histone deacetylases, a set of enzymes involved in histone modification are molecular targets for histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDI), novel compounds being evaluated as anticancer drugs. Interestingly, in addition to their antitumor properties, HDI have been also shown to modulate inflammatory responses. We evaluated therefore whether treatment with the hydroxamic acid analogue pan-HDAC inhibitor LAQ824 could influence the inflammatory status of the APC and their ability to determine CD4+ T-cell priming versus tolerance. In vitro treatment of APCs with LAQ824 resulted in enhanced acetylation of histones H-2A, H-2B, H3 and H4, increased expression of the co-stimulatory molecule B7.2 and enhanced production of pro-inflammatory mediators such as IL-1a, IL-1-b, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-a and RANTES in response to LPS stimulation. To our surprise, a dose-dependent inhibition of IL-10 mRNA and protein was observed in APCs treated with LPS and LAQ824. Chromatin immune precipitation (CHIP) assays indicate that this particular effect of LAQ824 involves histone modifications at the IL-10-promoter level. Given this inhibitory effect of LAQ824 and the central role of IL-10 in immune tolerance, we asked next whether a specific histone deacetylase(s) could predominantly influence IL-10 gene expression. By utilizing a reporter gene carrying the IL10 promoter fused to a luciferase gene, plasmids coding for Flag-tagged versions of all HDACs and plasmids carrying siRNA for specific silencing of HDACs, we found that among all the HDACs evaluated, HDAC11 negatively regulates the production of IL-10 in APCs. Importantly, treatment of APCs with LAQ824 resulted in increased expression of HDAC 11, diminished IL-10 production and the generation of APCs that effectively prime naive CD4+ T-cells and restore the responsiveness of tolerized antigen-specific T-cells from lymphoma bearing hosts. Taken together, we have demonstrated for the first time that HDAC11, a member of the HDAC family with no prior defined physiological role, is involved in regulation of IL-10 gene expression. Furthermore, our findings that HDAC11 expression in APCs can be manipulated by treatment of these cells with LAQ824, points to HDAC11 as a novel therapeutic target to influence immune activation versus immune tolerance, a critical decision with significant implications in autoimmunity, transplantation and cancer immunotherapy.
Use of Bioresorbable Hydrogels and Genetic Engineering to Accomplish Rapid Stabilization and Healing in Segmental Long Bone Defects (2013)

Abstract : The Fracture Putty project was initiated to develop better, faster and more efficient methods to treat difficult fractures. This contract supported study of hydrogel polymers, which are polymerized under direct control of the operating surgeon, and are also designed for biologic cleavage by osteoclast specific proteases. Processes in bone growth and repair were studied in cell cultures, mice, rats, sheep, pigs, and feasibility of lymphatic imaging was demonstrated in humans. We believe this system is safe and efficacious and will lead to profound enhancements in patient care.
Implementation of background scattering variance reduction on the rapid nano particle scanner (2014)

The background in simple dark field particle inspection shows a high scatter variance which cannot be distinguished from signals by small particles. According to our models, illumination from different azimuths can reduce the background variance. A multi-azimuth illumination has been successfully integrated on the Rapid Nano particle scanner. This illumination method reduces the variance of the background scattering on substrate roughness. It allows for a lower setting of the detection threshold, resulting in a more sensitive inspection system. By implementing this system the lower detection limit of the scanner was reduced from 59 nm to 42 nm LSE. A next improvement, a change of the inspection wavelength to 193 nm will bring the detection limit to sub 20 nm.
Figure S3 from Oral IRAK-4 Inhibitor CA-4948 Is Blood-Brain Barrier Penetrant and Has Single-Agent Activity against CNS Lymphoma and Melanoma Brain Metastases (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 3. Active IRAK-4 expression in intracranial tumors.&lt;/p&gt;
Cross-Site Concordance Evaluation of Tumor DNA and RNA Sequencing Platforms for the CIMAC-CIDC Network (2020)

The CIMAC collaborating laboratory platforms effectively generated consistent WES and RNA-seq data and enable robust cross-trial comparisons and meta-analyses of highly complex immuno-oncology biomarker data across the NCI CIMAC-CIDC Network.
System trade-offs and optical modulation formats (2004)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text P. J. Winzer and R. -. Essiambre, "System trade-offs and optical modulation formats," in Optical Amplifiers and Their Applications/Integrated Photonics Research, Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2004), paper OTuC4. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
In Situ TEM Observation of Spinel-Structured ZnFe2O4 as a Low-Temperature CO2 Splitting Agent (2022)

Journal Article In Situ TEM Observation of Spinel-Structured ZnFe2O4 as a Low-Temperature CO2 Splitting Agent Get access Mengsha Li, Mengsha Li Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Corresponding author: mengsha.li@utoronto.ca Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yangfan Xu, Yangfan Xu Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Chenyue Qiu, Chenyue Qiu Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Stas Dogel, Stas Dogel Hitachi High-Tech Canada Inc., Etobicoke, ON, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Hooman Hosseinkhannazer, Hooman Hosseinkhannazer Norcada Inc., Edmonton, AB, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Doug Perovic, Doug Perovic Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Geoffrey A Ozin, Geoffrey A Ozin Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Jane Howe Jane Howe Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 28, Issue S1, 1 August 2022, Pages 176–178, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927622001593 Published: 01 August 2022
Time-resolved imaging of an operating hard-disk-drive write head using nano-beam x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (2020)

We studied the dynamic magnetization behavior of a hard-disk-drive (HDD) write head by using nano-beam x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). The write head was operated by applying a square-wave write current with a frequency of 211.9 MHz to the coil of the write head, which was in synchronization with the fivefold frequency of the x-ray pulses. Snapshot images of the magnetization on the air-bearing surface of the write head were obtained with spatial and time resolutions of 100 nm and 50 ps, respectively, and temporal changes in the magnetization of the main pole and the shield were observed. When a square-wave write current with a transition time of 0.2 ns was applied, the magnetization reversal of the main pole was completed in 0.7 ns, and this reversal time was determined by the dynamic property of the write head. During the main pole reversal, the shield area showed spatially non-uniform magnetization patterns, and its response was slower than that of the main pole. These results show that the XMCD measurement setup developed in this study is a powerful tool for understanding the dynamic behavior of an HDD write head and contributes to the development of higher capacity HDDs.
Bone engineering by phosphorylated-pullulan and β -TCP composite (2015)

A multifunctional biomaterial with the capacity bond to hard tissues, such as bones and teeth, is a real need for medical and dental applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Recently, we created phosphorylated-pullulan (PPL), capable of binding to hydroxyapatite in bones and teeth. In the present study, we employed PPL as a novel biocompatible material for bone engineering. First, an in vitro evaluation of the mechanical properties of PPL demonstrated both PPL and PPL/β-TCP composites have higher shear bond strength than materials in current clinical use, including polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement and α-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) cement, Biopex-R. Further, the compressive strength of PPL/β-TCP composite was significantly higher than Biopex-R. Next, in vivo osteoconductivity of PPL/β-TCP composite was investigated in a murine intramedular injection model. Bone formation was observed 5 weeks after injection of PPL/β-TCP composite, which was even more evident at 8 weeks; whereas, no bone formation was detected after injection of PPL alone. We then applied PPL/β-TCP composite to a rabbit ulnar bone defect model and observed bone formation comparable to that induced by Biopex-R. Implantation of PPL/β-TCP composite induced new bone formation at 4 weeks, which was remarkably evident at 8 weeks. In contrast, Biopex-R remained isolated from the surrounding bone at 8 weeks. In a pig vertebral bone defect model, defects treated with PPL/β-TCP composite were almost completely replaced by new bone; whereas, PPL alone failed to induce bone formation. Collectively, our results suggest PPL/β-TCP composite may be useful for bone engineering.