gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anterior Transpedicular Fixation of the Lower Thoracic and Lumbar Spine (1993)

Currently, no anterior spinal implant provides a strong bone-screw interface because of the cancellous characteristics of the vertebral body. A more secure anchorage could be obtained by anterior transpedicular screw fixation. Four hundred transpedicular screws located between T7 and L5 were placed using the newly developed direction finder. Measurements were obtained directly from radiographs of the cadaveric specimens. In 10 cases (2.5%), the screws crossed the medial pedicle border, but never by more than 1.4 mm. A lateral protrusion was noted in another 41 screws (10%), with no protrusion greater than 2.2 mm. Encroachments beyond the superior or inferior border were not observed. The mean angle of the screws at each level measured between 7 and 19 in the transverse plane and between 2 and 4.5 in the sagittal plane. This technique should be reserved for vertebrae without significant arthritic changes. The rare screw with minimal infraction through the medial or lateral pedicle wall should not cause any vascular or neural compromise. The anterior transpedicular screw technique appeared relatively safe (88%) and encouraged the development of the new plate system for anterior spinal stabilization.
Orientation-sensitive magnetic force microscopy for future probe storage applications (2002)

A focused ion beam process was utilized to physically define a “point dipole” magnetic force microscopy (MFM) tip with cylindrical dimensions as small as 50 nm in diameter and 10 nm in height. By controlling the preferred orientation of the magnetization, it is possible to define directional sensitivity. The preferred orientation is controlled either by choosing a proper magnetic material with preferred crystalline anisotropy or by applying a sufficiently strong external magnetic field. The signal selectivity with respect to the imaged field orientation allows more direct information to be obtained from the imaged object, as compared to the information obtained from the same object when using a conventional MFM tip.
NaV1.1 inhibition can reduce visceral hypersensitivity (2018)

Functional bowel disorder patients can suffer from chronic abdominal pain, likely due to visceral hypersensitivity to mechanical stimuli. As there is only a limited understanding of the basis of chronic visceral hypersensitivity (CVH), drug-based management strategies are ill defined, vary considerably, and include NSAIDs, opioids, and even anticonvulsants. We previously reported that the 1.1 subtype of the voltage-gated sodium (NaV; NaV1.1) channel family regulates the excitability of sensory nerve fibers that transmit a mechanical pain message to the spinal cord. Herein, we investigated whether this channel subtype also underlies the abdominal pain that occurs with CVH. We demonstrate that NaV1.1 is functionally upregulated under CVH conditions and that inhibiting channel function reduces mechanical pain in 3 mechanistically distinct mouse models of chronic pain. In particular, we use a small molecule to show that selective NaV1.1 inhibition (a) decreases sodium currents in colon-innervating dorsal root ganglion neurons, (b) reduces colonic nociceptor mechanical responses, and (c) normalizes the enhanced visceromotor response to distension observed in 2 mouse models of irritable bowel syndrome. These results provide support for a relationship between NaV1.1 and chronic abdominal pain associated with functional bowel disorders.
Mapping of the functional phosphate groups in the catalytic core of deoxyribozyme 10–23 (2007)

The RNA phosphodiester bond cleavage activity of a series of 16 thio-deoxyribozymes 10-23, containing a P-stereorandom single phosphorothioate linkage in predetermined positions of the catalytic core from P1 to P16, was evaluated under single-turnover conditions in the presence of either 3 mM Mg(2+) or 3 mM Mn(2+). A metal-specificity switch approach permitted the identification of nonbridging phosphate oxygens (proR(P) or proS(P)) located at seven positions of the core (P2, P4 and P9-13) involved in direct coordination with a divalent metal ion(s). By contrast, phosphorothioates at positions P3, P6, P7 and P14-16 displayed no functional relevance in the deoxyribozyme-mediated catalysis. Interestingly, phosphorothioate modifications at positions P1 or P8 enhanced the catalytic efficiency of the enzyme. Among the tested deoxyribozymes, thio-substitution at position P5 had the largest deleterious effect on the catalytic rate in the presence of Mg(2+), and this was reversed in the presence of Mn(2+). Further experiments with thio-deoxyribozymes of stereodefined P-chirality suggested direct involvement of both oxygens of the P5 phosphate and the proR(P) oxygen at P9 in the metal ion coordination. In addition, it was found that the oxygen atom at C6 of G(6) contributes to metal ion binding and that this interaction is essential for 10-23 deoxyribozyme catalytic activity.
O-Pair Search with MetaMorpheus for O-glycopeptide Characterization (2020)

Abstract We report O-Pair Search, a new approach to identify O-glycopeptides and localize O-glycosites. Using paired collision- and electron-based dissociation spectra, O-Pair Search identifies O-glycopeptides using an ion-indexed open modification search and localizes O-glycosites using graph theory and probability-based localization. O-Pair Search reduces search times more than 2,000-fold compared to current O-glycopeptide processing software, while defining O-glycosite localization confidence levels and generating more O-glycopeptide identifications. O-Pair Search is freely available: https://github.com/smith-chem-wisc/MetaMorpheus .
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Restricted Diamines: 2‐(1‐Aminocycloalkan‐1‐yl)ethylamines. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
New procedures for the Juliá–Colonna asymmetric epoxidation: synthesis of (+)-clausenamide (1998)

The oxidation of chalcone 1 to optically active epoxide 2 [a precursor of (+)-clausenamide (+)-3] may be effected using a 15-mer or 20-mer of L-leucine bound to a PEG based support; poly-L-leucines of this type may be used as immobilised catalysts in a fixed-bed reactor.
Cycloidal diffractive waveplates fabricated using a high-power diode-pumped solid-state laser operating at 532 nm (2019)

Diffractive waveplates (DWs) are highly efficient optical components realized by means of a polarization holography setup that makes use of UV/blue laser sources. It is more convenient to perform the holographic recording process with green lasers (e.g.,&#x00A0;continuous wave operating at 532&#x00A0;nm) because they offer compactness, efficiency, and high power. Unfortunately, the photo-alignment materials used for DW fabrication exhibit limited sensitivity at 532&#x00A0;nm. Herein, we report the realization of cycloidal diffractive waveplates (CDWs) by employing a polarization holographic setup using a high-power, diode-pumped solid-state laser operating at 532&#x00A0;nm. The enabling factor is the use of a photo-alignment material with a broad absorption band extending into the visible part of the spectrum. Samples are characterized in terms of morphological and optical properties. They exhibit a well-defined morphology along with very high diffraction efficiency (&#x2248;97%). The possibility to realize CDWs with larger apertures is underway, enabling the realization of a new generation of optical components for integration in modern applications.
Influence of drawing conditions on the refractive-index profile and residual stress in pure silica core single-mode fibers (1989)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Y. OHGA, E. SASAOKA, A. URANO, H. KANAMORI, and H. YOKOTA, "Influence of drawing conditions on the refractive-index profile and residual stress in pure silica core single-mode fibers," in Optical Fiber Communication Conference, Vol. 5 of 1989 OSA Technical Digest Series (Optica Publishing Group, 1989), paper THI2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Fullerene and nanoparticle formation in carbon cathodic arc deposition (1997)

We report on a method for detecting C60 and other C2n molecules in the vapor phase during their initial growth stage. The technique, which utilizes a Langmuir probe, was originally proposed by Fukuzawa et al. [T. Fukuzawa, M. Shiratani, and Y. Watanabe, Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 3098 (1994)] for the detection of dust particles in silane plasmas. By measuring the positive and negative saturation currents in the afterglow plasma, the mass ratio of negative and positive ions can be determined. We found that a M−/M+=56±10 occurs only for discharge times greater than 0.5 s. As most of the positively charged species are expected to be singly charged carbon, a mass ratio of 56 is close enough to be attributed to the C60 molecule, in agreement with mass spectroscopy results.
An inverse-breathing encapsulation system for cell delivery (2021)

Cell encapsulation represents a promising therapeutic strategy for many hormone-deficient diseases such as type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, adequate oxygenation of the encapsulated cells remains a challenge, especially in the poorly oxygenated subcutaneous site. Here, we present an encapsulation system that generates oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>) for the cells from their own waste product, carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>), in a self-regulated (i.e., "inverse breathing") way. We leveraged a gas-solid (CO<sub>2</sub>-lithium peroxide) reaction that was completely separated from the aqueous cellular environment by a gas permeable membrane. O<sub>2</sub> measurements and imaging validated CO<sub>2</sub>-responsive O<sub>2</sub> release, which improved cell survival in hypoxic conditions. Simulation-guided optimization yielded a device that restored normoglycemia of immunocompetent diabetic mice for over 3 months. Furthermore, functional islets were observed in scaled-up device implants in minipigs retrieved after 2 months. This inverse breathing device provides a potential system to support long-term cell function in the clinically attractive subcutaneous site.
Efficient Production of Phosphorene Nanosheets via Shear Stress Mediated Exfoliation for Low‐Temperature Perovskite Solar Cells (2019)

Abstract A simple and fast “top‐down” protocol is introduced herein to prepare solution processable few‐layer phosphorene nanosheets using vortex fluidic mediated exfoliation under near‐infrared (NIR) pulsed laser irradiation. This novel shear‐exfoliation method requires short processing times and produces highly crystalline, atomically thin phosphorene nanosheets (4.3 ± 0.4 nm). The as‐prepared phosphorene nanosheets are used as an effective electron transporting material (ETM) for low‐temperature processed, planar n‐i‐p perovskite solar cells (PSCs). With the addition of phosphorene, the average power conversion efficiency (PCE) increases from 14.32% to 16.53% with a maximum PCE of 17.85% observed for the phosphorene incorporated PSCs which is comparable to the devices made using the traditional high‐temperature protocol. Experimental and theoretical (density‐functional theory) investigations reveal the PCE improvements are due to the high carrier mobility and suitable band energy alignment of the phosphorene. The work not only paves the way for novel synthesis of 2D materials, but also opens a new avenue in using phosphorene as an efficient ETM in photovoltaic devices.
Improving the flame retardancy of polyamide 6 by incorporating hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene modified MWNT (2014)

A nitrogen-, phosphorus- and chlorine-containing flame retardant, hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (HCTP), has been covalently grafted onto the surface of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWNT) to obtain MWNT-HCTP. Polyamide 6 (PA6)/MWNT composites were then prepared via melt compounding. The flammability of PA6/MWNT composite was characterized by cone calorimetry, limiting oxygen index (LOI) and UL-94 tests. The results showed that peak heat release rate of samples containing 3 wt% MWNT-HCTP was only 460 kW/m2, which decreased by 35.2% compared with that of a neat PA6 sample. The LOI value was increased from 22.7% to 26.5%, and UL-94 test performance was also significantly improved by the presence of MWNT-HCTP. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical microscope analysis showed that modified MWNT had a better dispersion and compatibility in PA6 than unmodified MWNT. The composition of residue chars and volatile products was investigated by SEM/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric-FTIR, respectively. It was proposed that grafted HCTP was mainly functioned in the condensed phase, where P, N can synergistically promote char formation and Cl element can catch free radicals to terminate the chain reaction during combustion of the PA6 composite. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tuning of Ionic Liquid Crystal Properties by Combining Halogen Bonding and Fluorous Effect (2021)

We report halogen-bonded complexes between 1-polyfluoroalkyl-3-alkylimidazolium iodides and mono-iodoperfluoroalkanes of different chain lengths or di-iodoperfluorooctane. <sup>19</sup> F NMR analyses revealed that the preferred stoichiometry between the donors and acceptors is 1 : 1 in the cases of the mono-iodoperfluoroalkanes, and 2 : 1 with di-iodoperfluorooctane, as a result of the monodentate behavior of the iodide anion (halogen bond acceptor). Single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses showed the presence of a perfluorinated superanion, which interdigitates with the cation fluorinated chains, favoring the formation of lamellar structures. All of the obtained supramolecular complexes exhibit enantiotropic liquid crystalline phases over a broad range of temperatures. Most of the obtained complexes show melting points lower than 100 °C, two of them being liquid at room temperature, thus representing a new family of fluorinated ionic liquid crystals.
Gnotobiotic Piglet Infection Model for Evaluating the Safe Use of Antibiotics againstEscherichia coliO157:H7 Infection (2009)

The increased in vitro toxin production caused by ciprofloxacin was strongly correlated with death and an increased rate of cerebellar hemorrhage, in contrast to the effect of azithromycin. The piglet is a suitable model for determining the effectiveness and safety of antibiotics available to treat patients.
Diffusional Microtitration: Reagent Delivery by a Diffusional Microburet into Microscopic Samples (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiffusional Microtitration: Reagent Delivery by a Diffusional Microburet into Microscopic SamplesChen. Yi and Miklos. GratzlCite this: Anal. Chem. 1994, 66, 13, 1976–1982Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00085a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00085a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views96Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Maltilayer Ceramic Capacitor with Copper Electrode (1987)

Dielectric material of (Pb a Ca b ){(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )Ti(Ni 1/2 W 1/2 )}O 2+ a + b , where a + b &gt;1, has been investigated. This composition has been proved to be fired under low oxygen partial pressure of less than 10 -1 Pa with high resistivity. To make multilayer ceramic capacitor, the dielectric material was co-fired with copper electrode in an atmosphere of intermediate oxygen pressure. The obtained capacitor met to Z5U specification and had low dissipation factor and small change of capacitance under a d.c. bias voltage.
A 3D high resolution MRI method for the visualization of cardiac fibro-fatty infiltrations (2021)

Modifications of the myocardial architecture can cause abnormal electrical activity of the heart. Fibro-fatty infiltrations have been implicated in various cardiac pathologies associated with arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death, such as arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Here, we report the development of an MRI protocol to observe these modifications at 9.4 T. Two fixed ex vivo human hearts, one healthy and one ARVC, were imaged with an Iterative decomposition with echo asymmetry and least-square estimations (IDEAL) and a magnetization transfer (MT) 3D sequences. The resulting fat fraction and MT ratio (MTR) were analyzed and compared to histological analysis of the three regions ("ARVC triangle") primarily involved in ARVC structural remodeling. In the ARVC heart, high fat content was observed in the "ARVC triangle" and the superimposition of the MTR and fat fraction allowed the identification of fibrotic regions in areas without the presence of fat. The healthy heart exhibited twice less fat than the ARVC heart (31.9%, 28.7% and 1.3% of fat in the same regions, respectively). Localization of fat and fibrosis were confirmed by means of histology. This non-destructive approach allows the investigation of structural remodeling in human pathologies where fibrosis and/or fatty tissue infiltrations are expected to occur.
Using Cohort Scheduling to Enhance Server Perfor to Enhance Server Perfor to Enhance Server Perfor to Enhance Server Perform m ance (2002)

A server application is commonly organized as a collection of concurrent threads, each of which executes the code necessary to process a request. This software architecture, which causes frequent control transfers between unrelated pieces of code, decreases instruction and data locality, and consequently reduces the effectiveness of hardware mechanisms such as caches, TLBs, and branch predictors. Numerous measurements demonstrate this effect in server applications, which often utilize only a fraction of a modern processor’s computational throughput. This paper addresses this problem through cohort scheduling, a new policy that increases code and data locality by batching the execution of similar operations arising in different server requests. Effective implementation of the policy relies on a new programming abstraction, staged computation, which replaces threads. The StagedServer library provides an efficient implementation of cohort scheduling and staged computation. Measurements of two server applications written with this library show that cohort scheduling can improve server throughput by as much as 20%, by reducing the processor cycles per instruction by 30% and L2 cache misses by 50%.
LPA1 antagonist BMS-986278 for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Preclinical pharmacological in vitro and in vivo evaluation (2019)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive and fatal fibrosing lung disease with limited approved treatment options. The bioactive lysophospholipid lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and the LPA<sub>1</sub> receptor have been implicated in the etiology and pathogenesis of IPF, positioning LPA<sub>1</sub> as a promising therapeutic target for IPF and other fibrotic diseases. The LPA<sub>1</sub> antagonist BMS-986020 600 mg BID was efficacious in a 6-month placebo-controlled Phase 2 clinical trial in IPF patients by slowing lung function decline as measured by rate of decline of forced vital capacity (FVC) (CHEST, 154, p1061–69, 2018). BMS-986278 is a novel next generation LPA<sub>1</sub> antagonist currently in Phase I clinical trials. BMS-986278 is a potent and complete antagonist of LPA action at LPA<sub>1</sub>-mediated G<sub>i</sub>, G<sub>q</sub>, G<sub>12</sub>, and β-arrestin signaling pathways in both cells heterologously expressing human LPA<sub>1</sub> and in primary human lung fibroblasts. In vivo, BMS-986278: 1) inhibits LPA-stimulated histamine release in mice; 2) demonstrates antifibrotic activity, as shown by decreases in picrosirius red staining area of the lung in the chronic rodent bleomycin model. BMS-986278 demonstrates excellent pharmacokinetics in preclinical species: 1) oral bioavailability = 70% (mouse); 100% (rat); 79% (monkey) and 2) clearance (mL/min/kg) = 37 (mouse); 15 (rat); 2 (monkey). BMS-986278 has negligible activity at bile acid and other clinically relevant drug transporters (BSEP, MDR3 IC<sub>50</sub> = &gt;100 μM; OATP1B1 IC<sub>50</sub> = 35.5 μM). BMS-986278 represents a novel promising LPA1 antagonist for the treatment of multiple fibrotic diseases.
Evaluation of Recombinant Herpes Zoster Vaccine for Primary Immunization of Varicella-seronegative Transplant Recipients (2021)

RZV was safe and elicited significant humoral and cellular responses in VZV-seronegative SOT patients and has the potential to be considered as a preventive strategy against primary varicella.
Space magnetometer based on an anisotropic magnetoresistive hybrid sensor (2014)

We report on the design and development of a low resource, dual sensor vector magnetometer for space science applications on very small spacecraft. It is based on a hybrid device combining an orthogonal triad of commercial anisotropic magnetoresistive (AMR) sensors with a totem pole H-Bridge drive on a ceramic substrate. The drive enables AMR operation in the more sensitive flipped mode and this is achieved without the need for current spike transmission down a sensor harness. The magnetometer has sensitivity of better than 3 nT in a 0-10 Hz band and a total mass of 104 g. Three instruments have been launched as part of the TRIO-CINEMA space weather mission, inter-calibration against the International Geomagnetic Reference Field model makes it possible to extract physical signals such as field-aligned current deflections of 20-60 nT within an approximately 45,000 nT ambient field.
Emission control strategies for nitrogen and phosphorus in the Poyang Lake Watershed based on computable general equilibrium model (2010)

Lake eutrophication as a result of economic growth,has become one of the most serious environment problems.This paper aims to explore the decision making information for coordinating economic growth and the reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus emissions in the Poyang Lake Watershed.An Environmental Computable General Equilibrium(ECGE) model based on the theory of mathematical optimization solution is introduced in this paper.On the basis of the 2008 provincial statistic data from yearbooks,an input-output table were created with indispensable parameters for this study.Following this,an inter-regional trade matrix was built to describe the regional trade and emissions among provinces.the coupled relationship between economic growth and emission reduction were explored and illustrated by applying the ECGE model.According to the estimates,a couple of strategies and one scenario for reducing the emission of nitrogen and phosphorus from those sectors with high emissions were identified.In addition,investment in scientific research and management also plays an important role in the reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus emissions at a regional level.