gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Perceptual consequences of binocular matching by correlation: Effects of disparity waveform and waveform orientation (2004)

A binocular correlation model predicts several aspects of human spatial stereoresolution (Banks et al, 2004 Journal of Neuroscience 24 2077-2089). Performance of the model is limited by two properties: the smallest available correlation window, and the assumption that disparity is constant across small image patches (consistent with the physiology; Nienborg et al, 2004 Journal of Neuroscience 24 2065-2076). The model predicts that the form of disparity modulation should affect stereopsis. We presented squareand sawtooth-wave corrugations in random-dot stereograms and measured coherence thresholds (signal dots/total dots) for vertical and horizontal corrugations. We observed two effects: 1) coherence thresholds were lower for square than sawtooth waves, and 2) thresholds were lower for horizontal than vertical orientations. The first effect is predicted by the correlation model because square waves have regions of constant disparity. The second effect is consistent with the slant anisotropy of binocular vision (Bradshaw & Rogers, 1999 Vision Research 39 3049-3056); it implies that the correlation windows used by the visual system are not isotropic (Tyler & Kontsevich, 2001 Vision Research 41 2235-2243).
p+–n diodes with a lateral porous layer as gas sensors (2007)

Abstract In this work an integrated p + –n diode, diffused on a crystalline substrate and provided with a thin adsorbing porous layer, is proposed as gas sensor. The sensor can be easily integrated by using an industrial CMOS process due to the fact that the porous film formation is the last process step. The sensitivity to isopropanol vapors has been investigated by measuring both the forward and reverse current of the diode as a function of the vapor concentration. The current variations, up to two orders of magnitude, could be explained by assuming that the adsorption of molecules in the porous layer and their interaction with localized states modify the band structure of the crystalline diode at the interface with the porous silicon, and in turn its current. Another sensor feature is that the value of the reverse current variation, induced by isopropanol vapors, depends on the voltage, so that the sensitivity can be settled by simply changing the reverse voltage itself. The fabrication process, the static and dynamic behavior of the sensor are presented and discussed. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
“Bound but Not Gagged” — Immobilizing Single‐Site α‐Olefin Polymerization Catalysts (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
RESOLVE Mission Architecture for Lunar Resource Prospecting and Utilization (2012)

Design Reference Mission (DRM) evaluations were performed for The Regolith & Environment Science, and Oxygen & Lunar Volatile Extraction (RESOLVE) project to determine future flight mission feasibility and understand potential mission environment impacts on hardware requirements, science/resource assessment objectives, and mission planning. DRM version 2.2 (DRM 2.2) is presented for a notional flight of the RESOLVE payload for lunar resource ground truth and utilization (Figure 1) [1]. The rover/payload deploys on a 10 day surface mission to the Cabeus crater near the lunar south pole in May of 2016. A drill, four primary science instruments, and a high temperature chemical reactor will acquire and characterize water and other volatiles in the near sub-surface, and perform demonstrations of In-Situ Re-source Utilization (ISRU). DRM 2.2 is a reference point, and will be periodically revised to accommodate and incorporate changes to project approach or implementation, and to explore mission alternatives such as landing site or opportunity.
Transition Metal Catalyzed [5 + 2] Cycloadditions of Vinylcyclopropanes and Alkynes: A Homolog of the Diels-Alder Reaction for the Synthesis of Seven-Membered Rings (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTransition Metal Catalyzed [5 + 2] Cycloadditions of Vinylcyclopropanes and Alkynes: A Homolog of the Diels-Alder Reaction for the Synthesis of Seven-Membered RingsPaul A. Wender, Hisashi Takahashi, and Bernhard WitulskiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 16, 4720–4721Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00121a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00121a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4238Altmetric-Citations375LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Routing resources consumption on M-arch and X-arch (2004)

In this paper we study the difference in the usage of routing resources during detailed routing between a router using a Manhattan (M-arch) scheme and another using the X-architecture (X-arch) one. We compare the wirelength, number of vias, and routability between the M-arch and X-arch for two-terminal nets (best case for X-arch). The experiments show that the X-arch produced on average net wirelength that were 13.7% less than the corresponding ones produced by the M-arch. But the X-arch also produced 18% less completed routes and needed 1.62 times as many vias as the M-arch when experiments were done under the condition of preferred direction routing. When a semi-preferred routing condition was chosen the X-arch used 13.5% less wirelength but with an additional cost of 11.5% in unrouted nets and a 1.61 times in the number of vias needed compared to the M-arch router under the same condition.
Optical Sensors for Real-Time Measurement of Motorcycle Tilt Angle (2009)

This paper addresses the analysis and design of an optical sensor for the real-time measurement of the tilt angle in hypersport motorcycles. The aim of this paper is to design a compact, reliable, and low-cost optical triangulator that is capable of accurate in-field measurements in the harsh environment of sport motorcycles. An analytical computation of the required system sensitivity and achievable accuracy is carried out. The detrimental effects of solar interference are also described and discussed. The proposed instrumentation, which is realized with ad hoc laser emitters, is shown to have superior performance with respect to a previous solution based on light-emitting diode (LED) emitters. Such novel triangulators are shown to provide good and reliable performances for the proposed application to maintain low costs and small sizes, overcoming the problem of solar interference. The performance of the proposed sensor is assessed by experiments on an instrumented motorbike in a racetrack.
High current, multi-filament photoconductive semiconductor switching (2011)

High current switching is the most critical challenge remaining for photoconductive semiconductor switch (PCSS) applications in Pulsed Power. Many authors have described the advantageous properties of high gain PCSS such as, low optical trigger energy and inductance, sub-nanosecond risetime and jitter, optical isolation and control, pulsed or DC charging, and long device lifetime, provided the current per filament is limited to 20-30A for short pulse (10-20ns) applications [1,2]. Low energy optical triggering, long device lifetime, and current filaments are related features of high gain PCSS that make high current switching a challenge. Since the location and number of current filaments can be controlled with parallel “lines” of optical pulses across the insulating gap, the problem of high current, multi-filament PCSS switching is essentially the problem of producing a reliable, efficient, multi-line, optical delivery system [3]. In this paper, several classes of optical delivery systems will be discussed: line-of-sight plastic and glass microlens arrays, multi-mode fiber-optic/micro-lens combinations, single-mode fiber-optic/micro-lens array combinations, and masked PCSS alone and with other optical "concentrating" components. The application dependent advantages and disadvantages of each approach will be discussed. Results will be shown from specific examples (plastic and glass micro-lens arrays, single and multi-mode fibers and bundles, and high density optically masked PCSS) that have been tested and demonstrated. The fundamental requirements of multi-filament, high gain PCSS triggering are also being measured and will be reported. Optical trigger energy, pulse width, line-width, and spatial density are the key factors in determining the attainable switching efficiency and volume for high current pulsed power applications. Measurements of these properties and their implied trade-offs will be presented. A high voltage, high current, high gain PCSS demonstration will be described. In these tests, three 1 cm gap PCSS switch a 60 KY Blumlein conducting 2.5 kA for 6 ns with approximately 100 filaments spaced at 30 filaments/cm. This system will test the practical aspects of optical triggering with the line-of-sight micro-lens and masked PCSS approaches. Along with these results, we will also discuss our plans to demonstrate 100 kY, 25 kA, 1000 filament switching with a bank of PCSS.
Correction to BET Bromodomain Inhibitors with One-Step Synthesis Discovered from Virtual Screen (2017)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to BET Bromodomain Inhibitors with One-Step Synthesis Discovered from Virtual ScreenAlex M. Ayoub, Laura M. L. Hawk, Ryan J. Herzig, Jiewei Jiang, Andrea J. Wisniewski, Clifford T. Gee, Peiliang Zhao, Jin-Yi Zhu, Norbert Berndt, Nana K. Offei-Addo, Thomas G. Scott, Jun Qi, James E. Bradner, Timothy R. Ward, Ernst Schönbrunn, Gunda I. Georg*, and William C. K. Pomerantz*Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 2017, 60, 14, 6458Publication Date (Web):July 11, 2017Publication History Published online11 July 2017Published inissue 27 July 2017https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00943https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00943correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2017 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views949Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (217 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A receiver for LTE Rel-11 and beyond supporting non-contiguous carrier aggregation (2013)

Carrier aggregation (CA) is introduced in 3GPP LTE Rel-10 [1] to meet the demand for further increased bitrates. While LTE Rel-10 supports simultaneous reception of two carriers either in contiguous intra-band or in inter-band CA configuration, the upcoming LTE Rel-11 will add support for non-contiguous (NC) carriers within bands. Supporting NC CA in handsets is a demanding challenge for several reasons. Foremost, the total bandwidth spanned by the carriers may be several times the bandwidth of the individual carriers, possibly spanning an entire band with interfering signals between desired carriers. Furthermore, the distance between TX and RX carriers will vary and worse, may be much smaller than the fixed duplex distance for LTE Rel-8 and W-CDMA single carrier operation [2-5].
Social Environment Has a Primary Influence on the Microbial and Odor Profiles of a Chemically Signaling Songbird (2016)

Chemical signaling is an underappreciated means of communication among birds, as may be the potential contributions of symbiotic microbes to animal chemical communication in general. The dark-eyed junco (Junco hyemalis) produces and detects volatile compounds that may be important in reproductive behavior. These compounds are found in preen oil secreted by the uropygial gland, and this gland supports diverse bacterial communities including genera known to produce some of these volatile compounds. We investigated the relative contributions of shared environments and genetic relatedness in shaping juncos’ symbiotic bacterial communities, and investigated whether these bacterial communities underlie juncos’ chemical signaling behavior. We sampled parents and nestlings at 9 junco nests during one breeding season at Mountain Lake Biological Station in Virginia, USA. From each individual, we collected swabs of the uropygial gland and the cloaca, preen oil, and a small blood sample for paternity testing. We characterized junco bacterial communities through 16S rRNA gene surveys and preen oil volatile compounds via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Nest membership and age class had the strongest influence on the structure of bacterial and volatile profiles. We compared father-offspring similarity based on paternity, and nestling similarity in nests containing full siblings and half siblings, and found that relatedness did not noticeably affect bacterial or volatile profiles. While we cannot rule out an influence of genetic relatedness on these profiles, it is clear that shared environments are more influential in shaping bacterial and volatile profiles among juncos. We did not find significant covariation between individual bacterial and volatile profiles. Possible explanations for this result include: 1) bacteria do not underlie volatile production; 2) ample redundancy in volatile production among bacterial types obscures covariation; or 3) the relationship is confounded by the fact that, unlike glands exclusively dedicated to chemical communication, uropygial glands have multiple functions, and symbiotic bacteria are hypothesized to contribute to each of these. Therefore, different bacteria may contribute to different phenotypes of the avian holobiont. Future work will include cultivation, metabolomic, genomic, and behavioral assay approaches to tease these scenarios apart.
Supplementary materials and methods from Allogeneic Human Double Negative T Cells as a Novel Immunotherapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Its Underlying Mechanisms (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Additional information on materials and methods used in this study&lt;/p&gt;
Dye-sensitized Solar Cells: Novel Concepts, Materials, and State-of-the-Art Performances (2009)

Although the workhorse of the photovoltaic industry is still the silicon wafer, accounting for 90% of the market, it was early recognized that other semiconductors could make efficient solar cells. Organic-based photovoltaic technology has demonstrated the ability to cross the 10% efficiency barrier and is expected to eventually present lower costs than silicon-based technology, thus becoming a promising alternative. So, what are the strengths and remaining challenges for the thin-film solar cells industry? This article reviews state-of-the-art thin-film solar cells, focusing on dye-sensitized solar cells, and discusses future trends and possibilities of bringing this technology into the market of photovoltaics.
Ricci flow for image processing (2014)

A new discrete model of the Ricci flow for images is presented, using a purely combinatorial method for calculating the Ricci curvature, based on R. Forman's work on generalized Laplacians for cell complexes. We describe the discrete Ricci curvature operator, and the implementation of the Ricci flow, and then proceed to show the results of applying the flow to both synthetic and real images. Finally, we implement the discrete Ricci flow in some applications of image processing and vision, such as high dynamic range (HDR) imaging, forward-and-backward (FAB) Ricci flow, and change detection in aerial images.
Effect of Comorbid Celiac Disease on Hospitalized Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (2013)

Purpose: Studies have shown that patients with concurrent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and celiac disease have greater steroid dependency, symptoms, and IBD-related surgeries. However, knowledge on the effect of coexistent celiac disease on the disease course in hospitalized IBD patients is limited. Methods: We sought to characterize the effect of a coexistent diagnosis of celiac disease on hospitalized patients with IBD using the 2009 Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. NIS contains approximately 7.8 million discharges across 1,050 hospitals in 44 states. This is a 20% sampling frame of all hospital discharges across the United States. NIS was used to determine differences in need for surgical procedures on the intestines (CPT code 45.5x, 45.6x, 45.7x, 45.8x, 45.9x), nutritional status - malnutrition (ICD-9 codes 260.0-263.9, 799.4, 783.3, 269.8), enteral (CPT code 96.6), and parenteral (CPT code 99.15) nutritional support, total hospitalization charges, and length of stay (LOS) during primary admissions for IBD (ICD 9 codes 555.x and 556.x) in patients with and without a secondary diagnosis of celiac disease (ICD 9 codes 579.0). Using SPSS 20.0 (IBM Co. Armonk, NY), chi-square tests with Yates's correction were used to determine differences in gender, need for surgical procedures on the intestines, and nutritional support. Unpaired Student's t-tests were employed to compare age, hospital LOS, and total charges. Results: There were 100,687 primary discharges for IBD in the 2009 NIS. Of these, 182 carried a comorbid diagnosis of celiac disease. IBD patients with comorbid celiac disease, compared to those without, were younger (35.7 years vs. 42.5 years, p<.001) and had a female predominance (66.5% compared to 54.6% p <.001). Malnutrition was more prevalent in those with comorbid celiac disease (24.7% vs. 8.5 %, p <0.001). Patients with a comorbid diagnosis of celiac disease had greater requirement for enteral (5.5 % vs. 0.1%, p <0.001) and parenteral nutrition (5.7 % vs. 1.6%, p <0.001), but similar need for intestinal surgical procedures (8.8 % vs. 12.6%, p = 0.15) compared to those without celiac disease. Overall, IBD patients with celiac disease had higher mean total charges ($53,186 vs. $32,928 USD, p = .025, although non-significant with severity adjustment) as well as longer LOS (11.6 days vs. 5.6 days, p < .01) compared to those without comorbid celiac disease. Conclusion: Coexisting celiac disease is associated with greater need for nutritional support, higher charges, and longer LOS during hospitalization for IBD. Awareness of these factors, including nutritional issues in the management of the celiac disease, may reduce costs.
Fluorescence Labeling of Circulating Tumor Cells with Folate Receptor Targeted Molecular Probes for Diffuse In Vivo Flow Cytometry (2020)

Abstract Purpose We recently developed a new instrument called ‘diffuse in vivo flow cytometry’ (DiFC) for enumeration of rare fluorescently-labeled circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in small animals without drawing blood samples. Until now, we have used cell lines that express fluorescent proteins, or were pre-labeled with a fluorescent dye ex-vivo . In this work, we investigated the use of two folate receptor (FR)-targeted fluorescence molecular probes for in vivo labeling of FR+ CTCs for DiFC. Methods We used EC-17 and Cy5-PEG-FR fluorescent probes. We studied the affinity of these probes for L1210A and KB cancer cells, both of which over-express FR. We tested the labeling specificity in cells in culture in vitro , in whole blood, and in mice in vivo . We also studied detectability of labeled cells with DiFC. Results Both EC-17 and Cy5-PEG-FR probes had high affinity for FR+ CTCs in cell culture in vitro . However, only EC-17 had sufficient specificity for CTCs in whole blood. EC-17 labeled CTCs were also readily detectable in circulation in mice with DiFC. Conclusions This work demonstrates the feasibility of labeling CTCs for DiFC with a cell surface receptor targeted probe, greatly expanding the utility of the method for pre-clinical animal models. Because DiFC uses diffuse light, this method could be also used to enumerate CTCs in larger animal models and potentially even in humans.
Optimization of Potent and Selective Ataxia Telangiectasia-Mutated Inhibitors Suitable for a Proof-of-Concept Study in Huntington’s Disease Models (2019)

Genetic and pharmacological evidence indicates that the reduction of ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) kinase activity can ameliorate mutant huntingtin (mHTT) toxicity in cellular and animal models of Huntington's disease (HD), suggesting that selective inhibition of ATM could provide a novel clinical intervention to treat HD. Here, we describe the development and characterization of ATM inhibitor molecules to enable in vivo proof-of-concept studies in HD animal models. Starting from previously reported ATM inhibitors, we aimed with few modifications to increase brain exposure by decreasing P-glycoprotein liability while maintaining potency and selectivity. Here, we report brain-penetrant ATM inhibitors that have robust pharmacodynamic (PD) effects consistent with ATM kinase inhibition in the mouse brain and an understandable pharmacokinetic/PD (PK/PD) relationship. Compound 17 engages ATM kinase and shows robust dose-dependent inhibition of X-ray irradiation-induced KAP1 phosphorylation in the mouse brain. Furthermore, compound 17 protects against mHTT (Q73)-induced cytotoxicity in a cortical-striatal cell model of HD.
Vaticanol C, a Novel Resveratrol Tetramer, Inhibits Cell Growth through Induction of Apoptosis in Colon Cancer Cell Lines. (2002)

A novel resveratrol tetramer, vaticanol C, isolated from the stem bark of Vatica rassak markedly suppressed cell growth through induction of apoptosis, which was characterized by nuclear changes and DNA ladder formation, in three different human colon cancer cell lines.