gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measurement and control of single-photon microwave radiation on chip (2014)

In June 2013, we started a joint research project MICROPHOTON, "Measurement and Control of Single-Photon Microwave Radiation on a Chip", as a part of the European Metrology Research Programme (EMRP). The objectives of the project include the development of novel microwave detectors and sources that would ultimately operate at the single-photon level, and the improvement in the performance of cryoelectronic quantum devices by understanding and eliminating the detrimental effects caused by microwave radiation coming from the electromagnetic environment. This paper describes the goals and plans of the project.
Toxicity and outcome of anti-GD2 antibody ch14.18/CHO in front-line, high-risk patients with neuroblastoma: Final results of the phase III immunotherapy randomisation (HR-NBL1/SIOPEN trial). (2016)

10500 Background: Dinutuximab (ch14.18/SP2/0) in combination with cytokines (IL2 and GM-CSF) resulted in a survival benefit in high risk neuroblastoma (NB) patients (2y EFS 66%±5%, A.Yu, NEJM, 2010). The role of cytokines in this context remains unclear. We investigated the role of scIL2 for immunotherapy with ch14.18/CHO in a prospective randomized Phase III clinical trial. Methods: 406 high risk NB patient (pts) (stage 4 ≥ 1y; stage 4 < 1y with MYCN amplification (MNA); stage 2,3 0-21y with MNA) were randomized (R2 of HR-NBL1/SIOPEN; APN311-302; EudraCT:2006-001489-17). Pretreatment consisted of high intensity induction followed by autologous stem cell transplantation as well as local therapy. Pts were randomized to receive immunotherapy (IT) of either 100mg/m² ch14.18/CHO (d8-12) as 5 daily 8-hour short term infusions (STI) alone (STI-A) or combined with 6x106IU/m2 scIL2 (d1-5;8-12) (STI-B) for a total of 5 cycles. All patients received 6 cycles of oral 13-cis-RA (160mg/m2,d19-32). Results: We observed 3y EFS and OS rates for 206 pts treated by STI-A of 60±4% and 66±4%. 200 pts treated by STI-B showed 3y EFS and OS rates of 57±4% and 65±4%. The difference between both arms was statistically not significant (NS). A subgroup analysis according to response to induction revealed 3y EFS rates of 68±5% and 65±5% in patients treated in CR with regimen STI-A and STI-B, respectively (NS). The 3y EFS rates in pts with VGPR or PR at the time of randomization were expectedly lower at 46±6% and 53±6% for STI-A and STI-B, respectively (NS). Toxicity analysis indicated a higher rate of early termination in STI-B (44%) compared to STI-A (18%). Lansky performance status of ≤ 30% was found in 17% of STI-A- and 39% STI-B-pts (p < 0.001). CTC-grade 3&4 allergic reactions in STI-A- and STI-B-cohorts were 9% and 20% ( < 0.001). Incidence of capillary leak and CTC-grade 3&4 fever is significantly lower in the STI-A (1% and 14%) compared to the STI-B cohort (9% and 40%). Conclusions: Outcome data of frontline patients treated with ch14.18/CHO are highly encouraging. However, survival and toxicity analysis indicated no benefit of co-treatment with scIL2 in this setting. Clinical trial information: NCT01704716.
Alkynamide phthalazinones as a new class of TbrPDEB1 inhibitors (Part 2) (2019)

Inhibitors against Trypanosoma brucei phosphodiesterase B1 (TbrPDEB1) and B2 (TbrPDEB2) have gained interest as new treatments for human African trypanosomiasis. The recently reported alkynamide tetrahydrophthalazinones, which show submicromolar activities against TbrPDEB1 and anti-T. brucei activity, have been used as starting point for the discovery of new TbrPDEB1 inhibitors. Structure-based design indicated that the alkynamide-nitrogen atom can be readily decorated, leading to the discovery of 37, a potent TbrPDEB1 inhibitor with submicromolar activities against T. brucei parasites. Furthermore, 37 is more potent against TbrPDEB1 than hPDE4 and shows no cytotoxicity on human MRC-5 cells. The crystal structures of the catalytic domain of TbrPDEB1 co-crystalized with several different alkynamides show a bidentate interaction with key-residue Gln874, but no interaction with the parasite-specific P-pocket, despite being (uniquely) a more potent inhibitor for the parasite PDE. Incubation of blood stream form trypanosomes by 37 increases intracellular cAMP levels and results in the distortion of the cell cycle and cell death, validating phosphodiesterase inhibition as mode of action.
Insulator-to-Metal Transition of Cr2O3 Thin Films via Isovalent Ru3+ Substitution (2020)

In transition-metal oxides, the vast combinations of crystal structures and metal ions provide a fertile ground for tailoring their electronic properties. Using a thin-film growth technique creates an additional interface-related degree of freedom in the artificial heterostructures. However, in corundum-type and crystallographically related ternary compounds, the scarcity of oxides applicable to a lattice-matched electrode layer often impedes the electrical characterization of these heterostructures. Here, we report the synthesis of a thin film of a new corundum-type oxide that exhibits metallic conduction. By substituting Ru into the antiferromagnetic insulator Cr2O3 via pulsed laser deposition, we fabricated thin films of (Cr1–xRux)2O3 not known in bulk. The structural, electrical, and magnetic characterizations showed that the antiferromagnetic insulator became a paramagnetic metal at Ru contents x greater than approximately 0.40 while preserving the host corundum structure. Spectroscopic analyses revealed the formation of Ru 4d-derived bands at the Fermi level and the presence of Ru3+, which is a valence state of Ru rarely observed in oxides. The stabilization of the unusual Ru3+ state is attributed to the charge neutrality constraint in the robust Cr2O3-based framework as well as the kinetics-driven vacuum deposition process.
Peculiar flow patterns of RBCs suspended in viscous fluids and perfused through a narrow tube (25 μm) (2009)

Red blood cells (RBCs) generally deform to adopt a parachute-like, torpedo-like, or other configuration to align and flow through a capillary that is narrower than their major axis. As described herein, even in a narrow tube (25 microm) with diameter much larger than that of a capillary, flowing RBCs at 1 mm/s align axially and deform to a paraboloid shape in a viscous Newtonian fluid (505 kDa dextran medium) with viscosity of 23.4-57.1 mPa.s. A high-speed digital camera image showed that the silhouette of the tip of RBCs fits a parabola, unlike the shape of RBCs in capillaries, because of the longer distance of the RBC-free layer between the tube wall and the RBC surface ( approximately 8.8 microm). However, when RBCs are suspended in a "non-Newtonian" viscous fluid (liposome-40 kDa dextran medium) with a shear-thinning profile, they migrate toward the tube wall to avoid the axial lining, as "near-wall-excess," which is usually observed for platelets. This migration results from the presence of flocculated liposomes at the tube center. In contrast, such near-wall excess was not observed when RBCs were suspended in a nearly Newtonian liposome-albumin medium. Such unusual flow patterns of RBCs would be explainable by the principle; a larger particle tends to flow near the centerline, and a small one tends to go to the wall to flow with least resistance. However, we visualized for the first time the complete axial aligning and near-wall excess of RBCs in the noncapillary size tube in some extreme conditions.
Catalytic Enantioselective Reduction of β,β‐Disubstituted Vinyl Phenyl Sulfones by Using Bisphosphine Monoxide Ligands (2007)

Synthese chiraler Sulfone: Die Hydrosilylierung mit einem Kupfer-Phosphan-Komplex führte bei Raumtemperatur effizient zu optisch aktiven Alkylphenylsulfonen. In Gegenwart des Liganden Me-DuPhos-Monoxid verlief die Reduktion von β,β-disubstituierten Vinylsulfonen mit ausgezeichneten Enantiomerenüberschüssen und hohen Ausbeuten (siehe Schema). So erhaltene chirale Sulfone wurden desulfonyliert und in Julia-Olefinierungen getestet. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2007/z701367_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Human Perception in Speech Processing (2006)

The emergence of heterogeneous networks and the rapid increase of Voice over IP (VoIP) applications provide important opportunities for the telecommunications market. These opportunities come at the price of increased complexity in the monitoring of the quality of service (QoS) and the need for adaptation of transmission systems to the changing environmental conditions. This thesis contains three papers concerned with quality assessment and enhancement of speech communication systems in adverse environments. In paper A, we introduce a low-complexity, non-intrusive algorithm for monitoring speech quality over the network. In the proposed algorithm, speech quality is predicted from a set of features that capture important structural information from the speech signal. Papers B and C describe improvements in the conventional pre- and post-processing speech enhancement techniques. In paper B, we demonstrate that the causal Kalman filter implementation is in conflict with the key properties in human perception and propose solutions to the problem. In paper C, we propose adaptation of the conventional postfilter parameters to changes in the noisy conditions. A perceptually motivated distortion measure is used in the optimization of postfilter parameters. Significant improvement over nonadaptive system is obtained.
Scanning electrochemical microscope characterization of thin film combinatorial libraries for fuel cell electrode applications (2004)

Pt–Ru combinatorial libraries of potential fuel cell anode catalysts are formed by sequential sputter deposition through masks onto Si wafers. Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) is employed for characterization of electrocatalytic activity. Aspects of using a scanning electrochemical microscope for characterization of an array of thin film fuel cell electrode materials are discussed. It is shown that in applying SECM to library characterization, careful attention must be paid to thin film annealing, specimen topography and tip degradation in order to realize meaningful results. Results from a Pt–Ru thin film library reveal the most active members near the 50 Pt/50 Ru composition.
Differential Associations of Cortical and Subcortical Cerebral Atrophy With Retinal Vascular Signs in Patients With Acute Stroke (2010)

Our finding that certain retinal vascular signs are associated with subcortical but not cortical atrophy, suggests a differential pathophysiology between these 2 cerebral atrophy subtypes and a potential role for small vessel disease underlying subcortical cerebral atrophy.
Digital holographic microscopy for micro-systems investigation in near infrared (2009)

We have demonstrated the suitability of digital holographic microscopy (DHM) with near infra-red illumination for micro-optical elements and silicon micro-systems characterization, opening a wide field of quality control applications.
BID expression determines the apoptotic fate of cancer cells after abrogation of the spindle assembly checkpoint by AURKB or TTK inhibitors (2023)

The fate of tumor cells after SAC abrogation is driven by an AURKB/ CASP-2 signaling mechanism, regulated by BID levels. Our results pave the way to clinically explore SAC-targeting drugs in tumors with high BID expression.
Performance analysis of QoT estimator in SDN-controlled ROADM networks (2018)

While new SDN control planes promise to provide faster and more dynamic provisioning of optical paths, mis-estimation of optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) is still an issue that reduces the amount of capacity available in practice to allocate data paths. Typically, additional margins are applied to the estimation of OSNR for given paths, however, in the absence of detailed knowledge on the gain function of EDFAs, these margins are applied equally to all paths, leading to network under-utilisation. In this paper we show this effect over a simulated optical network based on the Telefonica Spanish national topology, emphasising the reduction in capacity due to the incomplete knowledge the network controller has on the exact wavelength and time based variation of EDFA amplifiers gain. We consider this to be of high relevance, as it opens up the road for further experimentation on the use of sparse optical performance monitoring to provide data that can be used to improve the QoT estimation from the control plane of an SDN-based system. The simulation used is based on the Mininet framework. This provides the advantage of testing SDN control planes that can be then utilised on experimental ROADM networks. In order to link SDN controller and the Mininet Emulation environment, we have developed an optical agent capable of simulating the behaviour of ROADMs systems.
<title>Random addressable active pixel image sensors</title> (1996)

In this article we discuss the trade-offs for the design, fabrication and interfacing of fast pixel addressable (random-access) cameras. In order to benefit most from the random addressability, the interface must be optimized for access through a data bus/address bus structure. Measures to correct the camera's inherent non-uniformity must not slow down the interface speed.
Effects of IONIS-HTTRx in Patients with Early Huntington’s Disease, Results of the First HTT-Lowering Drug Trial (CT.002) (2018)

To characterize safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of IONIS-HTTRx, an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) designed to target huntingtin (HTT) mRNA, in patients with early manifest Huntington’s disease (HD).
Preface (2002)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO BOOKPREVPrefaceNEXTPrefaceChunshan SongChunshan SongDepartment of Energy & Geo-Environmental Engineering The Pennsylvania State University 206 Hosler Building University Park, PA 16802-5000More by Chunshan Song, Anne M. GaffneyAnne M. GaffneyRohm and Haas Company 727 Norristown Rd. Spring House, PA 19477-0904More by Anne M. Gaffney, and Kaoru FujimotoKaoru Fujimoto(Formerly University of Tokyo) Department of Chemical Process and Environments Faculty of International Engineering The University of Kitakyushu Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka 808-0135, JapanMore by Kaoru FujimotoDOI: 10.1021/bk-2002-0809.pr001 This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MorePublication Date (Print):January 24, 2002Publication History Published online23 July 2009Published inprint 24 January 2002Request reuse permissions Copyright © 2002 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. CO2 Conversion and Utilizationpp xi-xiiACS Symposium SeriesVol. 809ISBN13: 9780841237476eISBN: 9780841219076Chapter Views297Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSChapter Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (303 KB) Get e-Alerts
Quantum noise radar: superresolution with quantum antennas by accessing spatiotemporal correlations (2019)

Measuring simultaneous correlations of intensity fluctuations, one can exploit photon correlations of the imaging source and improve resolution in comparison with the intensity detection. However, in this case also information loss unavoidable for intensity detection eventually leads to the phenomenon known as “the Rayleigh catastrophe”. When the details of the imaged object become much smaller than the certain value defined by the wavelength of the imaging field and parameters of the imaging set-up, the information about any individual detail tends to zero making practically unfeasible inferring object parameters from the measured correlation functions.
PWM inverters producing torsional components in AC motors (2008)

Voltage source adjustable frequency drives produce voltage spectra capable of exciting torsional components within the bandwidth of a loadpsilas criticals. If not damped, a motorpsilas torsional spectrum may excite the mechanicalpsilas resonant frequencies destroying fan blades or fail couplings and shafts. This paper reports on an oil refinerypsilas induced draft fanpsilas coupling and drive motorpsilas shaft failures. Field torsional data, mechanical and drive models with analyses and simulation data are presented identifying contributing factors. The paper also presents a solution with installation data showing the improvement.
Generation of a Digitally Shaped 55-GBd 64-QAM Single-Carrier Signal Using Novel High-Speed DACs (2014)

We present a novel 2-channel arbitrary waveform generator (AWG) prototype, generating complex signal constellations with 6-bit digital-to-analog conversion (DAC) of up to 72 GS/s at a 6-dB bandwidth of 23 GHz. We generate a 55-GBd root-raised cosine shaped single-carrier 64-QAM signal.
Direct physical exfoliation of few-layer graphene from graphite grown on a nickel foil using polydimethylsiloxane with tunable elasticity and adhesion (2013)

We firstly introduce a facile method for the site-specific direct physical exfoliation of few-layer graphene sheets from cheap and easily enlargeable graphite grown on a Ni foil using an optimized polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamp. By decreasing the PDMS cross-linking time, the PDMS elasticity is reduced to ∼52 kPa, similar to that of a typical gel. As a result of this process, the PDMS becomes more flexible yet remains in a handleable state as a stamp. Furthermore, the PDMS adhesion to a graphite/Ni surface, as measured by the peel strength, increases to ∼5.1 N m⁻¹, which is approximately 17 times greater than that of typical PDMS. These optimized properties allow the PDMS stamp to have improved contact with the graphite/Ni surface, including the graphite wrinkles. This process is verified, and changes in surface morphology are observed using a 3D laser scanning microscope. Under conformal contact, the optimized PDMS stamp demonstrates the site-specific direct physical exfoliation of few-layer graphene sheets including mono- and bi-layer graphene sheets from the graphite/Ni substrate without the use of special equipment, conditions or chemicals. The number of layers of the exfoliated graphene and its high quality are revealed by the measured Raman spectroscopy. The exfoliation method using tunable elasticity and adhesion of the PDMS stamp can be used not only for cost-effective mass production of defect-less few-layer graphene from the graphite substrate for micro/nano device arrays but also for nano-contact printing of various structures, devices and cells.
Towards a Unified Swirl Vortex Model (2012)

A review of the literature shows the existence of dozens of single-cell, axisymmetric, Newtonian-fluid vortices that, in one form or another, are solutions to the Navier-Stokes Equation. However, little research has been conducted in the literature to investigate common traits that are shared by these vortices. This research lays out a foundation of common mathematical traits, with a focus on the azimuthal velocity v. Notwithstanding their diverse mathematical and physical origin, it can be shown that these vortices are diverse manifestations of a single vortex family—they are united by a set of at least seven common mathematical traits. As a first common trait, we show that there are only four possible categories of single-cell, axisymmetric, Newtonian-fluid vortices. Next, by normalizing and overlaying the vortices into a single figure, three additional traits are noted, namely that v(r=0) = 0; they have similar azimuthal velocity profiles; and the azimuthal velocity is asymmetric about r. Thereafter, a fifth trait is noted by doing a series expansion for the azimuthal velocity of each vortex (as found in the literature), and expressing it as an alternating series that expands geometrically with odd exponents (truncated Laurent series with real coefficients). Finally, two more traits are noted by taking limit bounds for each series, thus showing that one bound is the Rankine (solid body) vortex, and the other is a Lamb-Oseen sine-like bound. In brief, we note that the vortices have seven traits in common, and hereby propose that these vortices are essentially diverse manifestations of a single vortex family.
Viewing Allocators as Bin Packing Solvers Demystifies Fragmentation (2023)

This paper presents a trace-based simulation methodology for constructing representations of workload-allocator interaction. We use two-dimensional rectangular bin packing (2DBP) as our foundation. Classical 2DBP algorithms minimize their products' makespan, but virtual memory systems employing demand paging deem such a criterion inappropriate. We view an allocator's placement decisions as a solution to a 2DBP instance, optimizing some unknown criterion particular to that allocator's policy. Our end product is a compact data structure that fits e.g. the simulation of 80 million requests in a 350 MiB file. By design, it is concerned with events residing entirely in virtual memory; no information on memory accesses, indexing costs or any other factor is kept. We bootstrap our contribution's significance by exploring its relationship to maximum resident set size (RSS). Our baseline is the assumption that less fragmentation amounts to smaller peak RSS. We thus define a fragmentation metric in the 2DBP substrate and compute it for 28 workloads linked to 4 modern allocators. We also measure peak RSS for the 112 resulting pairs. Our metric exhibits a strong monotonic relationship (Spearman coefficient $ρ&gt;0.65$) in half of those cases: allocators achieving better 2DBP placements yield $9\%$-$30\%$ smaller peak RSS, with the trends remaining consistent across two different machines. Considering our representation's minimalism, the presented empirical evidence is a robust indicator of its potency. If workload-allocator interplay in the virtual address space suffices to evaluate a novel fragmentation definition, numerous other useful applications of our tool can be studied. Both augmenting 2DBP and exploring alternative computations on it provide ample fertile ground for future research.