gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from Small-Molecule RA-9 Inhibits Proteasome-Associated DUBs and Ovarian Cancer <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> via Exacerbating Unfolded Protein Responses (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Ovarian cancer is the deadliest of the gynecologic malignancies. Carcinogenic progression is accompanied by upregulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation machinery as a mechanism to compensate with elevated endogenous proteotoxic stress. Recent studies support the notion that deubiquitinating enzymes (DUB) are essential factors in proteolytic degradation and that their aberrant activity is linked to cancer progression and chemoresistance. Thus, DUBs are an attractive therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; The potency and selectivity of RA-9 inhibitor for proteasome-associated DUBs was determined in ovarian cancer cell lines and primary cells. The anticancer activity of RA-9 and its mechanism of action were evaluated in multiple cancer cell lines &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; in immunodeficient mice bearing an intraperitoneal ES-2 xenograft model of human ovarian cancer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Here, we report the characterization of RA-9 as a small-molecule inhibitor of proteasome-associated DUBs. Treatment with RA-9 selectively induces onset of apoptosis in ovarian cancer cell lines and primary cultures derived from donors. Loss of cell viability following RA-9 exposure is associated with an unfolded protein response as mechanism to compensate for unsustainable levels of proteotoxic stress. &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt; treatment with RA-9 retards tumor growth, increases overall survival, and was well tolerated by the host.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Our preclinical studies support further evaluation of RA-9 as an ovarian cancer therapeutic. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 20(12); 3174–86. ©2014 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Enhancing Li+ Transport in NMC811||Graphite Lithium‐Ion Batteries at Low Temperatures by Using Low‐Polarity‐Solvent Electrolytes (2022)

LiNi<sub>x</sub> Co<sub>y</sub> Mn<sub>z</sub> O<sub>2</sub> (x+y+z=1)||graphite lithium-ion battery (LIB) chemistry promises practical applications. However, its low-temperature (≤ -20 °C) performance is poor because the increased resistance encountered by Li<sup>+</sup> transport in and across the bulk electrolytes and the electrolyte/electrode interphases induces capacity loss and battery failures. Though tremendous efforts have been made, there is still no effective way to reduce the charge transfer resistance (R<sub>ct</sub> ) which dominates low-temperature LIBs performance. Herein, we propose a strategy of using low-polarity-solvent electrolytes which have weak interactions between the solvents and the Li<sup>+</sup> to reduce R<sub>ct</sub> , achieving facile Li<sup>+</sup> transport at sub-zero temperatures. The exemplary electrolyte enables LiNi<sub>0.8</sub> Mn<sub>0.1</sub> Co<sub>0.1</sub> O<sub>2</sub> ||graphite cells to deliver a capacity of ≈113 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> (98 % full-cell capacity) at 25 °C and to remain 82 % of their room-temperature capacity at -20 °C without lithium plating at 1/3C. They also retain 84 % of their capacity at -30 °C and 78 % of their capacity at -40 °C and show stable cycling at 50 °C.
Bounded Block Parallel Lattice Reduction algorithm for MIMO-OFDM and its application in LTE MIMO receiver (2010)

Lattice reduction is a promising technique to enhance the performance of sub-optimal MIMO detectors. This paper presents the Bounded Block Parallel Lattice Reduction (BBP-LR) algorithm, which is an implementation friendly low complexity algorithm specifically optimized for practical MIMO-OFDM systems. The optimisation of the BBP-LR algorithm is based on the following: 1) exploiting the frequency coherence in MIMO-OFDM to enable parallel processing that suits SIMD/vector architectures; 2) bounding the execution behaviour to reduce complexity and enable hard real-time task scheduling; 3) performing a frame based preprocessing to significantly reduce complexity. The proposed BBP-LR algorithm has been evaluated in the context of LTE MIMO receivers. When comparing to linear MIMO detectors, the proposed algorithm brings performance improvement at a small complexity increase. Specifically, when compared to ZF, BBP-LR based preprocessing brings an impressive 11dB SNR gain at the cost of only 23% complexity increase.
Design of Ascorbic Acid Eutectic Mixtures With Sugars to Inhibit Oxidative Degradation (2022)

L-Ascorbic acid (ASC), commonly known as vitamin C, acts as an anti-oxidant in the biological system. It is extensively used as an excipient in pharmaceutical industry, food supplements in fruit juices, and food materials due to its free radicals scavenging activity. Main drawback of ASC is its poor aqueous stability owing to the presence of lactone moiety that is easily oxidized to dehydroascorbic acid and further degraded. To improve aqueous stability and inhibit oxidative degradation, ASC was co-crystallized to constitute binary eutectic compositions with mono and di-saccharides such as glucose, sucrose, lactose, and mannitol. The eutectics were confirmed by their (single) lower melting endotherm compared to ASC and sugars, although Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) data confirmed the characteristics of their physical mixture. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the binary eutectics confirmed their irregular morphology. The ASC eutectics exhibited improved shelf-life by 2-5-fold in weakly acidic (pH 5) and neutral (pH 7) aqueous buffer medium, whereas the eutectic with glucose enhanced shelf-life only by 1.1-1.2-fold in acidic medium (pH 3.3 and 4). Notably, stabilizing effect of the sugar eutectics decreased with increasing acidity of the medium. In addition, higher binding energy of the disaccharide eutectics partially supports the aqueous stability order of ASC in the neutral pH medium due to more number of non-bonded interactions than that of monosaccharides.
New approach for mask-wafer measurement by design-based metrology integration system (2009)

OPC (Optical Proximity Correction) technique is getting more complicated towards 32 nm technology node and beyond, i.e. from moderate OPC to aggressive OPC. Also, various types of phase shift mask have been introduced, and their manufacturing process is complicated. In order to shorten TAT (Turn around time), mask design technique needs be considered in addition to lithography technique. Furthermore, the lens aberration of the exposure system is getting smaller, so its current performance is very close to the ideal. On the other hand, when down sizing of device feature size reaches the 32nm technology node, cases begin to be reported where the feature dimension is not matched between a mask pattern and the corresponding printed pattern. Therefore, it is indispensable to understand the pattern size correlation between a mask and the corresponding printed wafer in order to improve the processing accuracy and the quality in the situation where the device size is so small that the low k1 lithography is widely used in production. One of the approaches to improve the estimated accuracy of lithography is the use of contour data extracted from mask SEM image in addition to the application of a mask model. This paper describes a newly developed integration system that aims to solve the issues above, and its applications. This is a system that integrates mask CD-SEM (Critical Dimension-Scanning Electron Microscope) CG4500, wafer CD-SEM CG4000, OPC evaluation system DesignGauge, all manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies. The measurement accuracy improvement was examined by executing a mask-wafer same point measurement, i.e. measurement of the corresponding points, with same measurement algorithm utilizing the new system. First, we measured mask patterns and verified the validity based on the measurement value, the image, the measurement parameter and the coordinates. Then a job file was formulated for a wafer CD-SEM using the new system so as to measure the corresponding patterns that were exposed using the mask. In addition, the average CD measurement was tried in order to improve the capability. Furthermore, in order to estimate the pattern shape with high accuracy, a contour was calculated from a mask SEM image, and the result was used with the design data in a litho simulation. This realizes a verification that includes mask fabrication error. This system is expected to be beneficial for both mask makers and device makers.
A fundamental measure of treatment effect heterogeneity (2021)

The stratum-specific treatment effect function is a random variable giving the average treatment effect (ATE) for a randomly drawn stratum of potential confounders a clinician may use to assign treatment. In addition to the ATE, the variance of the stratum-specific treatment effect function is fundamental in determining the heterogeneity of treatment effect values. We offer a non-parametric plug-in estimator, the targeted maximum likelihood estimator (TMLE) and the cross-validated TMLE (CV-TMLE), to simultaneously estimate both the average and variance of the stratum-specific treatment effect function. The CV-TMLE is preferable because it guarantees asymptotic efficiency under two conditions without needing entropy conditions on the initial fits of the outcome model and treatment mechanism, as required by TMLE. Particularly, in circumstances where data adaptive fitting methods are very important to eliminate bias but hold no guarantee of satisfying the entropy condition, we show that the CV-TMLE sampling distributions maintain normality with a lower mean squared error than TMLE. In addition to verifying the theoretical properties of TMLE and CV-TMLE through simulations, we highlight some of the challenges in estimating the variance of the treatment effect, which lack double robustness and might be biased if the true variance is small and sample size insufficient.
ChemInform Abstract: Pitiamide A, a New Chlorinated Lipid from a Mixed Marine Cyanobacterial Assemblage. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Abrupt InGaP∕GaAs heterointerface grown by optimized gas-switching sequence in metal organic vapor phase epitaxy (2008)

Fabrication of abrupt InGaP∕GaAs heterointerfaces has been difficult using metal organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) due to the exchange of P and As during the fabrication steps. An optimized gas-switching sequence to fabricate heterointerface of InGaP on GaAs layer by MOVPE was previously developed in which the unstable top surface layer of GaAs is stabilized and the exchange of P and As between InGaP and GaAs layers is suppressed. In this study, the effect of this optimized gas-switching sequence was quantitatively evaluated by using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). Changes in atomic composition from GaAs to InGaP at the interface at the atomic layer level were revealed by using Z-contrast method in STEM. Quantitative evaluation using the Z-contrast method confirmed that the abruptness of the GaAs∕InGaP interface was improved by this optimized gas-switching sequence.
Design of cellular, satellite, and integrated systems for 5G and beyond (2020)

5G AgiLe and fLexible integration of SaTellite And cellulaR (5G-ALLSTAR) is a Korea-Europe (KR-EU) collaborative project for developing multi-connectivity (MC) technologies that integrate cellular and satellite networks to provide seamless, reliable, and ubiquitous broadband communication services and improve service continuity for 5G and beyond. The main scope of this project entails the prototype development of a millimeter-wave 5G New Radio (NR)-based cellular system, an investigation of the feasibility of an NR-based satellite system and its integration with cellular systems, and a study of spectrum sharing and interference management techniques for MC. This article reviews recent research activities and presents preliminary results and a plan for the proof of concept (PoC) of three representative use cases (UCs) and one joint KR-EU UC. The feasibility of each UC and superiority of the developed technologies will be validated with key performance indicators using corresponding PoC platforms. The final achievements of the project are expected to eventually contribute to the technical evolution of 5G, which will pave the road for next-generation communications.
Conopeptide to drug: The development, structure and activity correlation of XEN2174 (2006)

Venomous animals have evolved a vast array of peptide toxins for prey capture and defence. These peptides are highly prospective for rapid drug discovery as they are active towards a wide variety of pharmacological targets such as ion channels or G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) in the nervous system. Here we describe Xenome's drug development process for the chi family, conopeptide _-MrIA[1] of the predatory marine snail Conus marmoreus, leading to a suitable drug candidate (Xen2174). Xen2174 is highly selective for the norepinephrine transporter (NET) compared to other transporters, such as dopamine and serotonin, and inhibits NET via an allosteric mechanism. Xen2174 is currently in a phase I/IIa clinical trial for the treatment of severe pain. An intensive synthetic analogue and screening program around _-MrIA, incorporating early stage animal data, resulted in the identification of Xen2174, a drug with improved plasma stability, linear pharmacokinetics and wide therapeutic window. Xen2174 isomers were synthesized via selective disulfide bond formation to identify the active connectivity. Data from alanine- scans, single amino acid mutations and probing of backbone interactions combined with the full 3D NMR structure, led to the development of a pharmacophore for Xen2174. This model is refined from further studies where STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPs were developed utilising binding and functional assay data for a range of peptides.
Rational Design and Synthesis of Highly Active Pincer-Iridium Catalysts for Alkane Dehydrogenation (2009)

“PCP”-pincer-ligated iridium complexes have been found to be highly effective catalysts for the dehydrogenation of alkanes. We report a computational and experimental study of the effect on catalytic activity resulting from systematically varying steric crowding by the substitution of methyl groups for the phosphino tert-butyl groups of (R4PCP)Ir (R4PCP = κ3-C6H3-2,6-(CH2PR2)2; R = tBu or Me). DFT calculations for (R4PCP)Ir species (R4 = tBu4 or tBu3Me) indicate that the rate-determining step in the n-alkane/1-alkene transfer dehydrogenation cycle is β-H elimination by (R4PCP)Ir(n-alkyl)(H). It is calculated that the transition state for this step is ca. 10 kcal/mol lower for (tBu3MePCP)Ir than for (tBu4PCP)Ir (relative to the corresponding free (R4PCP)Ir). However, this catalytically favorable effect is calculated to be partially offset by the strong binding of 1-alkene to (tBu3MePCP)Ir in the resting state, so the overall barrier is thus lower by only ca. 4 kcal/mol. Further Me-for-tBu substitutions have a smaller effect on the transition states, and the calculated energy of the olefin-bound resting states is lowered by comparable amounts; therefore these additional substitutions are predicted to have little overall favorable effect on catalytic rates. (tBu3MePCP)IrH4 has been synthesized and isolated, and its catalytic activity has been investigated. It is indeed found to be a more active catalyst precursor than (tBu4PCP)IrH4 for alkane transfer dehydrogenation. (tBu2Me2PCP)IrH4 was also synthesized and as a catalyst precursor is found to afford somewhat lower activity than (tBu3MePCP)IrH4. However, synthetic precursors of (tBu2Me2PCP)IrH4 tended to yield dinuclear clusters, while complex mixtures were observed during catalysis that were not amenable to characterization. It is therefore not clear if the lesser catalytic activity of (tBu2Me2PCP)Ir vs (tBu3MePCP)Ir derivatives is due to the energetics of the actual catalytic cycle or due to deactivation of this catalyst via the facile formation of clusters.
DEVELOPMENT OF A PATELLO-FEMORAL GAIT WEAR SIMULATION (2004)

Although complications associated with patello-femoral (PF) joint account for up to 50% of total knee replacement (TKR) revision procedures (Lee), the PF joint has been overlooked in wear simulations. The goal of this study was to develop an in vitro model to simulate patella wear in TKR’s. This report describes the concepts of an in vitro model for normal gait and the preliminary results of experimental validation. The primary consideration in the development of the current model was modeling of the in vivo kinetics and kinematics. Since the in vivo kinetics are not well documented, the current model adapted a PF joint force pattern of gait measured one year postoperatively in a telemetric distal femoral replacement (Taylor et al). The maximum force was increased from 571N to 1780N (2.5xBody Weight) to compensate for muscle deficiency and to better reflect a maximum load representative of the in vivo situation. In vivo kinematics were adopted from measurements of Lafortune. Only the PF flexion was included in the model as a simplification of the complex patella motions. The phase relationship between the kinematic and kinetic waveforms was adjusted to replicate the in vivo situation. A 6-station knee simulator carried out the experimental validation with a test frequency of 1.5Hz. The test was intended to run for 5 million cycles, with CMM wear measurements (Muratoglu et al.) taken every million cycles. The preliminary measurements showed wear patterns in the tested patellae similar to retrieved patellae. Currently there are no standards for wear testing the PF joint. The current in vitro wear model presents a useful tool to critically assess the PF joint during gait. Future work should incorporate testing for adverse loading conditions, such as PF mal-alignment, rising from a chair or deep knee flexion.
Potent neutralization of primary human immunodeficiency virus clade C isolates with a synergistic combination of human monoclonal antibodies raised against clade B. (2001)

In our previous experiment, a synergistic combination of human neutralizing mAbs protected all macaque neonates against oral challenge with a simian-human immunodeficiency virus encoding HIV env. Together, our data suggest that passive immunization with currently available anti-clade B mAbs could play a role in preventing HIV clade C transmission through breastfeeding.
<title>Acquisition of very high resolution images using stereo cameras</title> (1991)

The method of image acquisition is one of the principal problems for handling very high resolution images. This paper presents a new scheme for acquiring high resolution pictures by processing stereo images. The method integrates low resolution images into a high resolution image. Analysis of the achievable passband is given from a point of view of the imager photodetector structure. Compared to an imaging device with equivalent resolution, it may be less sensitive to shot noise which becomes more dominant as the pixel size of an imager is further reduced. Preliminary experiments have shown clear improvements in the high frequencies and image details. In addition, a scheme for further increasing tlie resolution is mentioned.
Sensitivity Advantage of QCL Tunable-Laser Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy Over FTIR Spectroscopy (2015)

Interest in mid-infrared spectroscopy instrumentation beyond classical FTIR using a thermal light source has increased dramatically in recent years. Synchrotron, supercontinuum, and external-cavity quantum cascade laser light sources are emerging as viable alternatives to the traditional thermal black-body emitter (Globar), especially for remote interrogation of samples ("stand-off" detection) and for hyperspectral imaging at diffraction-limited spatial resolution ("microspectroscopy"). It is thus timely to rigorously consider the relative merits of these different light sources for such applications. We study the theoretical maximum achievable signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of FTIR using synchrotron or supercontinuum light vs. that of a tunable quantum cascade laser, by reinterpreting an important result that is well known in near-infrared optical coherence tomography imaging. We rigorously show that mid-infrared spectra can be acquired up to 1000 times fasterusing the same detected light intensity, the same detector noise level, and without loss of SNR-using the tunable quantum cascade laser as compared with the FTIR approach using synchrotron or supercontinuum light. We experimentally demonstrate the effect using a novel, rapidly tunable quantum cascade laser that acquires spectra at rates of up to 400 per second. We also estimate the maximum potential spectral acquisition rate of our prototype system to be 100,000 per second.
Enhancing the Performance of an Optical High-Order QAM Communication Channel by Adding Correlated Data to Robust Neighboring Channels in a Heterogeneous Network (2018)

An enhanced high-order QAM communication using data correlation with neighboring channels is demonstrated. The effectiveness of this approach is verified by using 10-Gbaud 4/16/64/256-QAM channels in simulation and 5/10-Gbaud 16-QAM channels in experiment.
Sphingomyelinase and ceramide activate mitogen-activated protein kinase in myeloid HL-60 cells (1993)

Mechanisms involved in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha signal transduction are incompletely understood. In some circumstances, TNF may use a signal transduction pathway involving hydrolysis of sphingomyelin to ceramide and stimulation of a ceramide-activated protein kinase. In HL-60 cells, TNF rapidly activates this pathway and induces monocytic differentiation. Here, we demonstrate that treatment of HL-60 cells with TNF selectively increases tyrosine phosphorylation of p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p42mapk) and stimulates its enzymatic activity. Induction of p42mapk phosphorylation was time- and dose-dependent and closely paralleled activation of sphingomyelin hydrolysis. Direct engagement of the sphingomyelin signal transduction pathway by addition of bacterial sphingomyelinase led to MAP kinase activation. The time course of p42mapk phosphorylation in the sphingomyelinase-treated cells was similar to that of TNF, with maximal response occurring at 5 min. A maximal concentration of sphingomyelinase (0.01 unit/ml) was more potent than TNF at inducing MAP kinase enzymatic activity (2.6-fold) and phosphorylation of MAP kinase and tyrosine. The cell-permeable ceramide analogs, C2- and C6-ceramide, which mimic effects of TNF, also induced p42mapk phosphorylation within seconds. These studies indicate that the sphingomyelin pathway can regulate MAP kinase activity and suggest that MAP kinase activation by this mechanism may be involved in TNF-induced signal transduction.