gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Disentangling Redox Properties and Capacitance in Solution-Processed Conjugated Polymers (2019)

The unique ability of combined ionic and electronic transport in conjugated, semiconducting polymers has resulted in the emergence of a variety of redox-based technologies ranging from energy storage and conversion, to bioelectronics, to on-demand color control. Although conjugated polymers have been extensively studied for decades, the recent revival of organic bioelectronics, in particular, has demonstrated that there needs to be a better understanding of the interplay between mixed ion and electron transport and the underlying film morphology. Many of the conjugated polymers that are effectively doped electrochemically and that exhibit a combination of high capacitance, fast and reversible redox switching, and exceptional stability lack long-range order making it more challenging to evaluate how the morphology evolves as a function of oxidation state. Here, we demonstrate how readily accessible electrochemical and spectroscopic techniques can offer a great deal of insight into ion and electron transport in redox-active conjugated polymers regardless of their degree of order. Furthermore, we show how numerous redox properties, including onset of oxidation, capacitance, and conductance profile, of five dioxythiophene-based copolymers can be manipulated by the size and polarity of the functional groups that are incorporated to provide solution processability.
Influence of Crystalline and Shape Anisotropy on Electrochromic Modulation in Doped Semiconductor Nanocrystals (2020)

Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) modulation appearing in the near-infrared range in doped semiconductor nanocrystals enriches electrochromic performance. Although crystalline and shape anisotropies influence LSPR spectra, study of their impact on electrochromic modulation are lacking. Here, we study how crystalline anisotropy in hexagonal cesium-doped tungsten oxide nanorods and nanoplatelets affects essential metrics of electrochromic modulation—coloration efficiency (CE) and volumetric capacity—using different sizes of electrolyte cations (tetrabutylammonium, sodium, and lithium) as structurally sensitive electrochemical probes. Nanorod films show higher CE than nanoplatelets in all of electrolytes owing to low effective mass along the crystalline c-axis. When using sodium cations, which diffuse through one-dimensional hexagonal tunnels, electrochemical capacity is significantly greater for platelets than for nanorods. This difference is explained by the hexagonal tunnel sites being more accessible in platelets than in nanorods. Our work sheds light on the role of shape and crystalline anisotropy on charge capacity and CE both of which contribute to overall modulation.
Renal papillary calcification and the development of calcium oxalate monohydrate papillary renal calculi: a case series study (2013)

Since calculus morphology and the amount of detected HAP are dependent on the location and widespread of calcified injury, all types of papillary COM calculi can be found in the same patient. All patients had subepithelial calcifications, with fewer papillary calculi, demonstrating that some subepithelial calcifications did not further evolve and were reabsorbed. A high number of subepithelial calcifications increases the likelihood that some will be transformed into COM papillary calculi.
Differentiation of Cytoplasmic and Meiotic Spindle Assembly MCAK Functions by Aurora B-dependent Phosphorylation (2004)

The KinI kinesin MCAK is a microtubule depolymerase important for governing spindle microtubule dynamics during chromosome segregation. The dynamic nature of spindle assembly and chromosome-microtubule interactions suggest that mechanisms must exist that modulate the activity of MCAK, both spatially and temporally. In Xenopus extracts, MCAK associates with and is stimulated by the inner centromere protein ICIS. The inner centromere kinase Aurora B also interacts with ICIS and MCAK raising the possibility that Aurora B may regulate MCAK activity as well. Herein, we demonstrate that recombinant Aurora B-INCENP inhibits Xenopus MCAK activity in vitro in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. Substituting endogenous MCAK in Xenopus extracts with the alanine mutant XMCAK-4A, which is resistant to inhibition by Aurora B-INCENP, led to assembly of mono-astral and monopolar structures instead of bipolar spindles. The size of these structures and extent of tubulin polymerization in XMCAK-4A extracts indicate that XM-CAK-4A is not defective for microtubule dynamics regulation throughout the cytoplasm. We further demonstrate that the ability of XMCAK-4A to localize to inner centromeres is abolished. Our results show that MCAK regulation of cytoplasmic and spindle-associated microtubules can be differentiated by Aurora B-dependent phosphorylation, and they further demonstrate that this regulation is required for bipolar meiotic spindle assembly.
Simultaneous and Independent Monitoring of OSNR, Chromatic and Polarization Mode Dispersion for NRZ-OOK, DPSK and Duobinary (2007)

We demonstrate experimentally and through simulations a simultaneous and independent monitoring of CD, PMD and OSNR using a ¼-bit delay Mach-Zehnder interferometer for NRZ-OOK, DPSK and Duobinary modulation formats.
Stereocontrolled Synthesis of a Highly Functionalized 1,7-Dioxaspiro[4.4]nonane Derivative Related to Antibiotic Pseurotins (2002)

For a total synthesis of pseurotins, unusual heterospirocyclic antibiotics, a key intermediate ( 5), having a highly functionalized 1,7-dioxaspiro-[4.4]nonanestructure, has been synthesized from diacetone D-glucose.Pseurotins A-E (A 1, E 2) are a class of secondary microbial metabolites, which were isolated from the cultures of Pseudeurotium ovalis STOLK by Tamm et al. 1 Pseurotins F 1 /F 2 (3, 4) were also found from Aspergillus fumigatus DSM 6598. 2 The structure of pseurotin A (1) including its absolute stereochemistry was determined by spectral analysis, chemical properties, and finally by X-Ray crystal analysis of its dibromo derivative.1b This antibiotic possesses a novel highly functionalized 1-oxa-7azaspiro[4.4]nonaneskeleton with five stereogenic centers, and exhibits a strong neurite formation activity to PC-12 pheochromocytoma cells. 3Synthetic approaches toward the pseurotins have been reported by Tamm et al. 4 We have accomplished total synthesis of several γ-lactam natural products. 5rein, we report a synthetic approach toward this structurally as well as biologically intriguing pseurotin
The stimulatory effects of asbestos on NADPH-dependent lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes (1987)

Lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes induced by asbestos fibres, crocidolite and chrysotile, is greatly increased in the presence of NADPH, leading to malondialdehyde levels comparable with those induced by CCl4, a very strong inducer of lipid peroxidation. This synergic effect only occurs during the first minutes and could be explained by an increase or a regeneration of the ferrous active sites of asbestos by NADPH, which in turn could rapidly be prevented by the adsorption of microsomal proteins on the surface of the fibres. It is not inhibited by superoxide dismutase, catalase and mannitol, indicating that oxygen radicals are not involved in the reaction. It is also not inhibited by desferrioxamine, indicating that it is not due to a release of free iron ions in solution from the fibres. Lipid peroxidation in NADPH-supplemented microsomes is also greatly increased upon addition of magnetite. This could be linked to the presence of ferrous ions in this solid iron oxide, since the ferric oxides haematite and goethite are completely inactive.
Cell Squeeze: driving more effective CD8 T-cell activation through cytosolic antigen delivery (2022)

Cell Squeeze is a novel technology that relies on temporarily disrupting the cell membrane to deliver cargo directly into the cytosol. This approach is applicable to a broad range of cell types (peripheral blood mononuclear cells, red blood cells, hematopoietic stem cells, etc.) and cargos (peptides, proteins, small molecules, nucleic acids, and gene-editing complexes) while minimally disrupting normal cell function. By enabling direct cytosolic delivery, one can use this technology to dramatically enhance major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I presentation of antigens (Ags) for CD8+ T-cell activation—a longstanding challenge for the therapeutic cancer vaccine field that has generally relied on cross-presentation of endocytosed Ags. In addition, by coupling improved MHC class I presentation with coexpression of additional stimulatory factors or systemic immune modulators, one can further enhance the potential impact of an antitumor CD8 response. Pursuing a more direct cellular engineering strategy, which is independent of viral transduction, genetic manipulation, and expansion steps, enables <24 h manufacturing of autologous cell therapies. Through generation of more sophisticated, multifunctional, cell-based vaccines, clinical testing of this technology will elucidate its potential for impact across multiple tumor types.
Three New Trimeric Stilbenes from Gnetum gnemon. (2003)

Three stilbene trimers (gnemonols D, E, F) were isolated from the root of Gnetum gnemon. The structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis. In addition, the antioxidant activity of the compounds on lipid peroxide inhibition and super oxide scavenging activity were also investigated.
Searching for Legal Clauses by Analogy. Few-shot Semantic Retrieval Shared Task. (2019)

We introduce a novel shared task for semantic retrieval from legal texts, where one is expected to perform a so-called contract discovery -- extract specified legal clauses from documents given a few examples of similar clauses from other legal acts. The task differs substantially from conventional NLI and legal information extraction shared tasks. Its specification is followed with evaluation of multiple k-NN based solutions within the unified framework proposed for this branch of methods. It is shown that state-of-the-art pre-trained encoders fail to provide satisfactory results on the task proposed, whereas Language Model based solutions perform well, especially when unsupervised fine-tuning is applied. In addition to the ablation studies, the questions regarding relevant text fragments detection accuracy depending on number of examples available were addressed. In addition to dataset and reference results, legal-specialized LMs were made publicly available.
Monocyte Subsets and Serum Inflammatory and Bone-Associated Markers in Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance and Multiple Myeloma (2021)

These results provide new insight into the pathogenesis of plasma cell neoplasms and the potential role of FcεRI<sup>+</sup> cMo in normal bone homeostasis.
Combining Mouse Congenic Strains and Microarray Gene Expression Analyses to Study a Complex Trait: The NOD Model of Type 1 Diabetes (2002)

Combining congenic mapping with microarray expression profiling offers an opportunity to establish functional links between genotype and phenotype for complex traits such as type 1 diabetes (T1D). We used high-density oligonucleotide arrays to measure the relative expression levels of >39,000 genes and ESTs in the NOD mouse (a murine model of T1D and other autoimmune conditions), four NOD-derived diabetes-resistant congenic strains, and two nondiabetic control strains. We developed a simple, yet general, method for measuring differential expression that provides an objective assessment of significance and used it to identify >400 gene expression differences and eight new candidates for the Idd9.1 locus. We also discovered a potential early biomarker for autoimmune hemolytic anemia that is based on different levels of erythrocyte-specific transcripts in the spleen. Overall, however, our results suggest that the dramatic disease protection conferred by six Idd loci (Idd3, Idd5.1, Idd5.2, Idd9.1, Idd9.2, and Idd9.3) cannot be rationalized in terms of global effects on the noninduced immune system. They also illustrate the degree to which regulatory systems appear to be robust to genetic variation. These observations have important implications for the design of future microarray-based studies in T1D and, more generally, for studies that aim to combine genome-wide expression profiling and congenic mapping.
Inhibitors of the ATP/ADP antiporter suppress stimulation of mitochondrial respiration and H+ permeability by palmitate and anionic detergents (1990)

The action of ATP/ADP-antiporter inhibitors upon the uncoupling effect of palmitate, detergents and 'classical' uncouplers has been studied. The uncoupling effect was estimated by stimulation of succinate oxidation and of H+ permeability of rat liver mitochondria in the presence of oligomycin. It is shown that carboxyatractylate (CAtr) and pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP) suppress the uncoupling induced by palmitate and the anionic detergents SDS and cholate, but do not affect that induced by the cationic detergents CTAB, by the non-ionic detergent Triton X-100, as well as by the 'classical' uncouplers FCCP and DNP. The results are discussed in terms of a concept assuming that the ATP/ADP-antiporter facilitates the electrophoretic export of hydrophobic anions from mitochondria.
Supplementary Figure 1 from <i>PRKAR1A</i> Inactivation Leads to Increased Proliferation and Decreased Apoptosis in Human B Lymphocytes (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from &lt;i&gt;PRKAR1A&lt;/i&gt; Inactivation Leads to Increased Proliferation and Decreased Apoptosis in Human B Lymphocytes
ChemInform Abstract: Decatromicins A and B, New Antibiotics Produced by Actinomadura sp. MK73‐NF4. Part 1. Taxonomy, Isolation, Physico‐Chemical Properties, and Biological Activities. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Composition of Flavonoids and Antioxidative Activity from Juice of Jeju Native Citrus Fruits during Maturation (2009)

This study aims to evaluate the changes of flavonoid contents and antioxidants activity of Jeju native citrus fruits juice according to the harvest date.Flavonoids such as quercatagetin, narirutin, hesperidin and neohesperidin were contained most plentifully in the juice of Jigak (Citrus aur-antium) by 573.73 mg/100 mL, Sadoogam (C.pseudogulgul) by 393.99 mg /100 mL, Soyooja by 29.63 mg/100 mL and Jigak (C.aurantium) by 201.23 mg/100 mL in the late August, respectively.The highest contents of nob-iletin, sinensetin and tangeretin among polymethoxyflavones were found in the juice of Hongkyool (C.tachibana) by 7.39 mg/100 mL, 2.24 mg/100 mL, 0.63 mg/100 mL in the late August, respectively.3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-Heptamet-hoxyflavone recorded the highest amount in Punkyool (C.tangerina) by 0.27 mg/100 mL in the late August, but the other polymethoxyflavones including 3',4',7,8-tetramethoxyflavone, 3',4'-dimethoxyflavone, 4'-methoxyflavone, 5,6,7,3',4',5'-hexamethoxyflavone, scutellarein tetramethylether were observed only trace amount in all the citrus fruits.Flavonoid contents in the citrus fruit juices were the highest during early maturation and decreased rapidly while ripening.Total polyphenol contents were the highest in the late August and decreased with ripening.However from the late December, the contents were increased again.Antioxidant activities of the fruits were evaluated as electron donating ability and were the lowest in the late September and increased with the fruit ripening.These results suggest that quercetagetin among all the flavonoids was most plentiful in Jigak and Dangyooja (C.grandis), so that the fruits could be used for industrial material of flavonoids and antioxidant agents. (
Sputtering Yields of CaO, SrO, and BaO by Monochromatic Noble Gas Ion Bombardment (2012)

Although MgO is widely used for barrier coating in the current generation of commercial plasma display panel (PDP) cells, other alkaline earth oxides have been studied as alternatives to MgO because some of them have lower discharge breakdown voltages for PDP cells, which would increase energy efficiency of the cells. On the other hand, the resistance against physical sputtering is another critical parameter for barrier coating. In this work, sputtering yields of CaO, SrO, and BaO by monochromatic He+, Ar+, or Kr+ ion beams of normal incidence have been obtained experimentally at relatively low incident energies by a mass-selected ion beam system. Despite the large differences in mass among the target materials, sputtering yields are found to be similar in magnitude among them for a given incident energy. It has been also found that sputtering yields depend weekly on the mass of incident species among Ne+, Ar+, Kr+, and Xe+ ions.
High‐Resolution Single‐Turnover Mapping Reveals Intraparticle Diffusion Limitation in Ti‐MCM‐41‐Catalyzed Epoxidation (2009)

Katalyse in neuem Licht: Mithilfe hochauflösender Fluoreszenzmikroskopie gelang es erstmals, Transportphänomene und deren Rolle in der Katalyse auf Einzelpartikelebene zu kartieren. Der Thiele-Modul konnte partikelweise in nur einem einzigen Experiment gemessen werden, und er beweist das Vorliegen von Diffusionsbeschränkungen bei der Ti-MCM-41-katalysierten Epoxidierung eines fluoreszierenden Reportermoleküls (siehe Bild; TBHP=tert-Butylhydroperoxid).
A TR3 peptide-based high throughput fluorescence polarization screen for small molecule Bcl-B inhibitors. (2008)

1270 Background/Purpose: TR3 (NR4A1; HMR; NP10; GFRP1; NAK1; NUR77; NGFIB) is an orphan member of the steroid/thyroid/retinoid nuclear receptor superfamily that translocates from cellular nuclei to mitochondria. At mitochondria, TR3 converts several anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members (Bcl-B, Bcl-2, Bfl-1) into pro-apoptotic proteins. A poly-arginine-linked 9-mer peptide (TR3-r8) derived from the full length TR3 protein recapitulates TR3’s Bcl-2 family binding selectivity; Bcl-B, which is over-expressed in multiple myeloma and several other types of malignancy, is bound with the highest affinity. The purpose of our work was to utilize TR3-r8 to screen for novel small molecule inhibitors of Bcl-B and other anti-apoptotic Bcl-2-family proteins.  Experimental Procedures: We optimized a fluorescence polarization assay using FITC-labeled TR3-r8 (FITC-TR3-r8) and GST-labeled Bcl-B (with its transmembrane domain deleted; GST-Bcl-B-ΔTM). TR3-r8 was able to displace FITC-TR3-r8 from GST-Bcl-B-ΔTM, thus serving as a positive control for high throughput screening (HTS).  Observations: Approximately 50,000 Chembridge library compounds were screened at 3.75 mg/L, yielding 332 primary hits showing >50% FITC-TR3-r8 displacement. Of these, 145 were reproducible, representing a confirmed hit rate of 0.29%. After dose-response analyses and counter-screening with an unrelated FITC-based fluorescence polarization assay (FITC-ATP and GST-Hsp70), 6 potential compounds remained. Using 1D-NMR, 3 compounds were found to bind to Bcl-B, but not to GST. Interestingly, 1 compound was not able to displace FITC-labeled BH3-peptides from Bcl-B or Bcl-2, indicating that a TR3-based screen might identify potential non-canonical Bcl-2-family inhibitors. Further experiments in Bcl-B-overexpressing (vs. control) HeLa cells found that this compound induced cell death in a Bcl-B-dependent manner.  Conclusions: A Bcl-B inhibitor has been identified using a novel TR3-based screen.
Effects of Camptothecin Conjugated to a Somatostatin Analog Vector on Growth of Tumor Cell Lines in Culture and Related Tumors in Rodents (2004)

Two CPT-SSA conjugates, JF-10-71 and JF-10-81, containing a chemically adjustable release-rate carbamate linker, have been reported previously by us to potently inhibit growth of human neuroblastoma IMR32 cells overexpressing somatostatin receptor type II (SSTR2) but are stable under buffer incubation conditions or in rat plasma. Further experiments now reveal that the conjugates performed well against many additional cell lines, particularly somatostatin receptor containing rat pancreatic CA20948 cells that were actually more sensitive to the conjugates than free camptothecin itself. JF-10-71 and JF-10-81 also were examined for their inhibitory effects on the growth of this and several other tumors transplanted into rats (CA20948) or nude mice. CA20948 tumors, known to overexpress SSTR2 and grown in Lewis rats, were treated, respectively, with nontoxic 400 nmol/kg intraperitoneal (i.p.) doses of JF-10-71 or JF-10-81. Also, SSTR2-positive human SCLC NCI-H69 tumors transplanted in nude mice were treated in a similar fashion. Human prostate PC-3 tumors, which do not contain high concentrations of SSTR2, also were grown in nude mice and treated with a 400 nmol/kg ip dose of JF-10-71. Both cytotoxic conjugates significantly inhibited growth of SSTR2-specific pancreatic and SCLC tumors, but JF-10-81 did not significantly affect PC-3 tumor growth. These experimental results suggested that CPT-SSA conjugates can effectively target and kill tumor cells growing in vivo and that the effect is mediated by somatostatin receptors resulting in either release of camptothecin at the cell surface or, more likely, after receptor-mediated cellular internalization.
Analysis of a new microwave low-loss and velocity-matched III-V transmission line for traveling-wave electrooptic modulators (1990)

A new microwave transmission line with low loss and velocity matched to a lightwave for a III-V traveling-wave electrooptic modulator has been analyzed using the spectral domain technique. A bandwidth of >40 GHz and a half-wave voltage V/sub pi / of <6 V are predicted for the modulator.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>