gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Absence of Cryptic Insulin Receptors on Resting Lymphocytes (1981)

Previous experiments have demonstrated that insulin receptors emerge upon stimulated lymphocytes while resting lymphocytes lack insulin receptors. The appearance of insulin receptors is totally dependent on RNA and protein synthesis. The results suggest that insulin receptors are synthesized de novo or that new protein is synthesized that is responsible for activation of the receptor. In this study, we investigated the possibility that cryptic membrane receptors are present before lymphocyte activation. As a precedent, hypertonic salt solutions or enzymatic digestion have been reported to uncover cryptic insulin receptors in liver and fat cell membranes. Similar treatment of lymphocytes failed to reveal cryptic, stereospecific receptor sites, although nonspecific insulin binding did increase.
Parkmaster (2017)

We present the design and implementation of ParkMaster, a system that leverages the ubiquitous smartphone to help drivers find parking spaces in the urban environment. ParkMaster estimates parking space availability using video gleaned from drivers' dash-mounted smartphones on the network's edge, uploading analytics about the street to the cloud in real time as participants drive. Novel lightweight parked-car localization algorithms enable the system to estimate each parked car's approximate location by fusing information from phone's camera, GPS, and inertial sensors, tracking and counting parked cars as they move through the driving car's camera frame of view. To visually calibrate the system, ParkMaster relies only on the size of well-known objects in the urban environment for on-the-go calibration. We implement and deploy ParkMaster on Android smartphones, uploading parking analytics to the Azure cloud. On-the-road experiments in three different environments comprising Los Angeles, Paris and an Italian village measure the end-to-end accuracy of the system's parking estimates (close to 90%) as well as the amount of cellular data usage the system requires (less than one mega-byte per hour). Drill-down microbenchmarks then analyze the factors contributing to this end-to-end performance, as video resolution, vision algorithm parameters, and CPU resources.
Time-Dependent Delayed Signatures From Energetic Photon Interrogations (2006)

A pulsed photonuclear interrogation environment is rich with time-dependent, material specific, radiation signatures. Exploitation of these signatures in the delayed time regime (>1us after the photon flash) has been explored through various detection schemes to identify both shielded nuclear material and nitrogen-based explosives. Prompt emission may also be invaluable for these detection methods. Numerical and experimental results, which utilize specially modified neutron and HpGe detectors, are presented which illustrate the efficacy of utilizing these time-dependent signatures. Optimal selection of the appropriate delayed time window is essential to these pulsed inspection systems. For explosive (ANFO surrogate) detection, both numerical models and experimental results illustrate that nearly all 14N(n,y) reactions have occurred within l00 us after the flash. In contrast, however, gamma-ray and neutron signals for nuclear material detection require a delay of several milliseconds after the photon pulse. In this case, any data collected too close to the photon flash results in a spectrum dominated by high energy signals which make it difficult to discern signatures from nuclear material. Specifically, two short-lived, high-energy fission fragments (97Ag(T1/2=5.1 s) and 94Sr(T1/2=75.2 s)) were measured and identified as indicators of the presence of fissionable material. These developments demonstrate that a photon inspection environment can be exploited for time-dependent, material specific signatures through the proper operation of specially modified detectors.
Influence of transmit beamforming parameters on image quality in quantitative elastography (2017)

High levels of noise in shear wave elastography can lead to inaccurate shear wave velocity estimates or false negatives in the detection of masses such as tumors. Recent work has shown that ultrasound speckle can be a significant source of noise in conventional, multiple tracking location (MTL) shear wave elasticity imaging, particularly when small beam spacings are employed to achieve a high spatial resolution. An alternative approach, termed single tracking location (STL), appears to produce images that are immune to speckle noise but subject to errors from push beam variance. The objective of this study is to quantify the effects of transmit beamforming parameters on STL and MTL image noise. These data will provide guidance for the selection of STL or MTL methods, and the optimal beamforming parameters in a particular imaging situation.
Novel polymeric excipients for colon‐targeting (1995)

Abstract Oral drug delivery to the colon is of interest for the local treatment of colonic diseases and for the systemic delivery of drugs. Our goal is to develop coating materials that are stable in gastric and small intestinal fluids and degradable in the colon by bacterial polysaccharidases. For testing colon‐degradability an in vitro model was developed. A number of polysaccharide derivatives were synthesized and tested: almost completely ethylated or acetylated galactomannans, polyurethanes with galactomannan sections, crosslinked galactomannans and dextranesters of fatty acids. Generally, degradability decreased with increasing degree of substitution. Especially crosslinked galactomannan and dextranesters with a low degree of substitution or crosslinking, respectively, are promising materials. Using an industrial coating technique tablets were coated with crosslinked galactomannan and the enzymatically induced in vitro dissolution of a model drug was investigated.
Highlights in History of Geophysical Exploration: ABSTRACT (1981)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Early Termination of Convex QP Solvers in Mixed-Integer Programming for Real-Time Decision Making (2020)

The branch-and-bound optimization algorithm for mixed-integer model predictive control (MI-MPC) solves several convex quadratic program relaxations, but often the solutions are discarded based on already known integer feasible solutions. This letter presents a projection and early termination strategy for infeasible interior point methods to reduce the computational effort of finding a globally optimal solution for MI-MPC. The method is shown to be also effective for infeasibility detection of the convex relaxations. We present numerical simulation results with a reduction of the total number of solver iterations by 42% for an MI-MPC example of decision making for automated driving with obstacle avoidance constraints.
Focal adhesion is associated with lithium response in bipolar disorder: evidence from a network-based multi-omics analysis (2023)

Lithium (Li) is one of the most effective drugs for treating bipolar disorder (BD), however, there is presently no way to predict response to guide treatment. The aim of this study is to identify functional genes and pathways that distinguish BD Li responders (LR) from BD Li non-responders (NR). An initial Pharmacogenomics of Bipolar Disorder study (PGBD) GWAS of lithium response did not provide any significant results. As a result, we then employed network-based integrative analysis of transcriptomic and genomic data. In transcriptomic study of iPSC-derived neurons, 41 significantly differentially expressed (DE) genes were identified in LR vs NR regardless of lithium exposure. In the PGBD, post-GWAS gene prioritization using the GWA-boosting (GWAB) approach identified 1119 candidate genes. Following DE-derived network propagation, there was a highly significant overlap of genes between the top 500- and top 2000-proximal gene networks and the GWAB gene list (P<sub>hypergeometric </sub>= 1.28E-09 and 4.10E-18, respectively). Functional enrichment analyses of the top 500 proximal network genes identified focal adhesion and the extracellular matrix (ECM) as the most significant functions. Our findings suggest that the difference between LR and NR was a much greater effect than that of lithium. The direct impact of dysregulation of focal adhesion on axon guidance and neuronal circuits could underpin mechanisms of response to lithium, as well as underlying BD. It also highlights the power of integrative multi-omics analysis of transcriptomic and genomic profiling to gain molecular insights into lithium response in BD.
Play. Pause. Rewind. Measuring local entropy production and extractable work in active matter (2021)

Time-reversal symmetry breaking and entropy production are universal features of nonequilibrium phenomena. Despite its importance in the physics of active and living systems, the entropy production of systems with many degrees of freedom has remained of little practical significance because the high-dimensionality of their state space makes it difficult to measure. Here we introduce a local measure of entropy production and a numerical protocol to estimate it. We establish a connection between the entropy production and extractability of work in a given region of the system and show how this quantity depends crucially on the degrees of freedom being tracked. We validate our approach in theory, simulation, and experiments by considering systems of active Brownian particles undergoing motility induced phase separation, as well as active Brownian particles and E. Coli in a rectifying device in which the time-reversal asymmetry of the particle dynamics couples to spatial asymmetry to reveal its effects on a macroscopic scale.
Spectroscopic diagnostics of defect and interface effects on carrier dynamics in semiconductor optoelectronics (2016)

We use steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopy to evaluate optoelectronic material quality and obtain detailed information about carrier generation, transport, and relaxation in semiconductor devices and test structures. This report focuses on time-resolved and steady-state photoluminescence of III-V reference heterostructures at temperatures between 4K and 300K in order to investigate the mechanisms limiting carrier lifetime and to develop the capability to provide actionable feedback to research-and-development efforts for improvement and optimization of material properties and/or device performance. We combine the results of photoluminescence experiments with model-based analyses and simulations of carrier relaxation to assess the impacts of defects and interface quality on the relaxation dynamics of photo-generated carriers in double heterostructure test vehicles grown by MOCVD and MBE.
Rodent Patellar Tendon Injury Mimics Human Tendinopathy And Does Not Regenerate (2022)

PURPOSE: Tendinopathy is a musculoskeletal injury that decreases quality of life because of pain associated with movement. Without an established animal model of tendinopathy, there is a limited understanding of the molecular events that contribute to tendon dysfunction or repair. Here, we compare a rat model of patellar tendinopathy to human tendinopathy. We also characterize the transcriptome of early post-natal rat patellar (PT) and Achilles (AT) tendons to determine the molecular events which govern tendon formation and regeneration. METHODS: Patellar tendinopathy was modeled in Wistar rats by removal of the central third of the PT using a 2 mm biopsy punch, followed by two weeks of cage activity to allow scar tissue formation. PTs were collected from 4.5 mo old adult male (4 scar and 4 healthy) rats for transcriptional comparison to human tendinopathy (Jelinsky et al 2011. PMID: 21539748). For the developmental characterization, bilateral AT and PT were collected from P7, P14, and P28 (2 male and 2 female each timepoint) and pooled together for RNA extraction. 3’ Tag RNA-seq libraries were generated and sequenced. Reads were aligned on Rattus novegicus (Ensembl Rnor_6.0). Statistical significance of a DEGs was defined as fold change >1.5 and q < .05 (student’s t-test with false discovery rate multiple test correction). RESULTS: Our rodent model of patellar tendinopathy was transcriptionally similar to a microarray analysis performed by Jelinsky and colleagues on human tendinopathy. In our rat tendinopathy model, there was increased matrix turnover, downregulation of mitochondrial genes, and lack of an inflammatory signature. In rat tendon development, PCA cannot distinguish between P7 AT/PT and P14 AT/PT. However, these tendons form distinct clusters at P28. Oxidative phosphorylation pathways were highest expressed at P7. Interestingly, ribosomal pathways decreased expression in the AT but not PT which may contribute to the distinct clusters at P28 CONCLUSION: Human tendinopathy can be modeled in the rat with a biopsy punch to the central core of the patellar tendon, followed by two weeks of cage activity. The transcriptional processes in the scar tissue do not recapitulate development, suggesting the tendon cannot heal regeneratively in response to normal activity.
Improved organic semiconductor lasers based on a mixed-order distributed feedback resonator design (2007)

The authors present organic semiconductor distributed feedback lasers based on thin films of the conjugated polymer poly[9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-9,9-di(4-methoxy-phenyl)fluorene] and employing an improved resonator design. In order to combine the advantages of first- and second-order distributed feedback resonators, the authors utilize a mixed-order grating design: A second-order Bragg scattering region that provides efficient vertical outcoupling of the laser radiation is surrounded by first-order scattering regions that give rise to strong feedback. By optimizing the film thickness to obtain laser oscillation at the polymer maximum gain wavelength, a very low laser threshold of 45pJ∕pulse (≈36nJ∕cm2) was realized with this resonator concept.
Control for grid connected PMSG Wind turbine with DC link capacitance reduction (2012)

An enhanced control is presented that effectively cancels the noise in torque, and currents in a wind turbine Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator. The proposed control also allows the reduction of the DC-Link capacitance. Simulations succeed on Three Phase and Single Phase grid connection, through a Back to Back converter. The grid side converter switching function was modified with an algorithm that represents the noise from grid frequency. The DC Link ripple due to capacitor reduction was canceled, and as a consequence there were no noise frequencies on electromagnetic torque, stator and grid currents after the algorithm was implemented. Remarkable reduction in DC Link capacitor was possible, making the system more reliable and economical. The PMSG is protected from core saturation, because stator currents consist of only the fundamental frequency component. This results in a constant torque, preventing mechanical stress.
Classifiation multilingue et multimédia pour la recherche d'images dans le projet OMNIA (2010)

Cet article expose differents traitements pour l'indexation automatique d'images accompagnees de textes multilingues. La combinaison de ces traitements a pour but d'obtenir des descripteurs multifacettes d'images (theatique, affectif, esthetique, etc.). Cette approche est evaluee dans le cadre du projet ANR OMNIA qui rassemble des equipes de XRCE, du LIRIS et du LIG.
Frequency Provision with Low-Inertia Hybrid Power Plants: Identifying Gaps in the Standards (2019)

Dramatic inertia reduction suffered in worldwide grids caused by the transition towards renewable and distributed generation, raises the risk of disturbances and blackouts due to frequency related issues. Subsequently, ENTSO-E has recently published several documents stating rules and recommendations regarding frequency support; such documents highlight the importance of developing new techniques in a grid dominated by generators with a power electronic-based interface. In fact, they are considered the first guidelines of an up-coming frequency control standard, which contemplates the possibility of having renewable and hybrid plants providing frequency stability as an ancillary service; but also proposes a new terminology and establishes the path to be followed in the following years. Therefore, the main goal of this paper is to assess the suitability of requirements provided in current standards. <br/>The paper critically reviews the last releases of ENTSO-E regarding frequency regulation and ancillary services provided by renewable and HyPP, identifies issues and points out gaps that have not been considered so far. Thereafter, a new approach aiming to avoid second and subsequent frequency dips after a large excursion is proposed.
Documentation of IANA assignments for Generalized MultiProtocol Label Switching (GMPLS) Resource Reservation Protocol - Traffic Engineering (RSVP-TE) Usage and Extensions for Automatically Switched Optical Network (ASON) (2003)

The Generalized MultiProtocol Label Switching (GMPLS) suite of protocol specifications has been defined to provide support for different technologies as well as different applications. These include support for requesting TDM connections based on Synchronous Optical NETwork/Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SONET/SDH) as well as Optical Transport Networks (OTNs).
Network Intelligence for NFV Scaling in Closed-Loop Architectures (2023)

Characteristics like self-managing, self-adaptation, and self-organization are the main objectives of intelligent network operation. AI and Machine Learning (ML) algorithms will enable future networks to operate entirely autonomously. However, current network architectures are not fully prepared to include and properly handle the promised Network Intelligence (NI). This article looks at scaling, one key Management and Orchestration (MANO) operation that allows the network to adapt to unexpected changes. We show how different scaling methods can fit the Monitor-Analyze-Plan-Execute over a shared Knowledge (MAPE-K), a well-established framework that allows architectural-based adaptation. Using a cloud-based scenario, we compare and highlight architectural differences between two prominent scaling methods, one based on Reinforcement Learning (RL) and the other based on classical control theory, showing that only the data-driven approach is adaptable enough to achieve automation. We conclude the article by pointing toward future research in autonomous, adaptive networks.
Development of human connective tissue mast cells from purified blood monocytes. (1984)

Highly purified subfractions of human peripheral blood monocytes, when cultured in the presence of 30% L cell supernatant and 30% horse serum, assumed all the characteristics that define human connective tissue mast cells. After three weeks of culture, 75% of the cells developed metachromasia and granular chloroacetate esterase staining, and their intracellular histamine levels increased from 0.0 to 50.5 ng/10(6) cells. On electron microscopy, the cells developed intracytoplasmic granules with all the features typical for mature and immature mast cells. Cultured cells bound 55 pg 125I-IgE/10(6) cells, while labelling was negligible with cells prior to culture and with heat-denatured 125I-IgE. Fluorescent staining with anti-IgE increased slightly as well, while staining with monoclonal anti-monocyte and anti-HLA-Dr markers decreased. Purified lymphocytes did not assume mast cell characteristics, and lymphokines did not induce or enhance in vitro mast cell development or IgE binding. The data therefore further support the concept that connective tissue mast cells arise from the monocytoid lineage.
RETRACTED: A Kruüppel-Associated Box-Zinc Finger Protein, NT2, Represses Cell-Type-Specific Promoter Activity of the α2(XI) Collagen Gene (2002)

Type XI collagen is composed of three chains, alpha 1(XI), alpha 2(XI), and alpha 3(XI), and plays a critical role in the formation of cartilage collagen fibrils and in skeletal morphogenesis. It was previously reported that the -530-bp promoter segment of the alpha 2(XI) collagen gene (Col11a2) was sufficient for cartilage-specific expression and that a 24-bp sequence from this segment was able to switch promoter activity from neural tissues to cartilage in transgenic mice when this sequence was placed in the heterologous neurofilament light gene (NFL) promoter. To identify a protein factor that bound to the 24-bp sequence of the Col11a2 promoter, we screened a mouse limb bud cDNA expression library in the yeast one-hybrid screening system and obtained the cDNA clone NT2. Sequence analysis revealed that NT2 is a zinc finger protein consisting of a Krüppel-associated box (KRAB) and is a homologue of human FPM315, which was previously isolated by random cloning and sequencing. The KRAB domain has been found in a number of zinc finger proteins and implicated as a transcriptional repression domain, although few target genes for KRAB-containing zinc finger proteins has been identified. Here, we demonstrate that NT2 functions as a negative regulator of Col11a2. In situ hybridization analysis of developing mouse cartilage showed that NT2 mRNA is highly expressed by hypertrophic chondrocytes but is minimally expressed by resting and proliferating chondrocytes, in an inverse correlation with the expression patterns of Col11a2. Gel shift assays showed that NT2 bound a specific sequence within the 24-bp site of the Col11a2 promoter. We found that Col11a2 promoter activity was inhibited by transfection of the NT2 expression vector in RSC cells, a chondrosarcoma cell line. The expression vector for mutant NT2 lacking the KRAB domain failed to inhibit Col11a2 promoter activity. These results demonstrate that KRAB-zinc finger protein NT2 inhibits transcription of its physiological target gene, suggesting a novel regulatory mechanism of cartilage-specific expression of Col11a2.
Anisotropic wetting and de-wetting of drops on substrates patterned with\n polygonal posts (2012)

We present results showing how water drops, produced by ink-jet printing,\nspread on surfaces patterned with lattices of diamond or triangular posts.\nConsidering post widths typically ~7 m and lattice spacings between 15-40 m, we\nobserve drop shapes with 3,4 and 6-fold symmetry, depending on both the\nsymmetry of the lattice and the shape of the posts. This is a result of the\ndifferent mechanisms of interface pinning and depinning which depend on the\ndirection of the contact line motion with respect to the post shape. Lattice\nBoltzmann simulations are used to describe these mechanisms in detail for\ntriangular posts. We also follow the motion of the contact line as the drops\nevaporate showing that they tend to return to their original shape. To explain\nthis we show that the easy direction for movement is the same for spreading and\ndrying drops. We compare the behaviour of small drops with that of larger drops\ncreated by jetting several drops at the same position. We find that the contact\nline motion is unexpectedly insensitive to drop volume, even when a spherical\ncap of fluid forms above the posts. The findings are relevant to microfluidic\napplications and to the control of drop shapes in ink-jet printing.\n
Supplementary Tables 1-2 from Androgen Receptor Signaling in Circulating Tumor Cells as a Marker of Hormonally Responsive Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 110K, Supplemental Tables. (S1) Clinical characteristics and CTC data for metastatic prostate cancer patients treated with hormonal therapy. (S2) Time course data for metastatic prostate cancer patients treated with hormonal therapy and analyzed for AR signaling in CTCs.&lt;/p&gt;