gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regio‐ and stereoselective steroid hydroxylation by CYP109A2 from Bacillus megaterium explored by X‐ray crystallography and computational modeling (2023)

The P450 monooxygenase CYP109A2 from Bacillus megaterium DSM319 was previously found to convert vitamin D3 (VD3) to 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. Here, we show that this enzyme is also able to convert testosterone in a highly regio- and stereoselective manner to 16β-hydroxytestosterone. To reveal the structural determinants governing the regio- and stereoselective steroid hydroxylation reactions catalyzed by CYP109A2, two crystal structures of CYP109A2 were solved in similar closed conformations, one revealing a bound testosterone in the active site pocket, albeit at a nonproductive site away from the heme-iron. To examine whether the closed crystal structures nevertheless correspond to a reactive conformation of CYP109A2, docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed with testosterone and vitamin D3 (VD3) present in the active site. These MD simulations were analyzed for catalytically productive conformations, the relative occurrences of which were in agreement with the experimentally determined stereoselectivities if the predicted stability of each carbon-hydrogen bond was taken into account. Overall, the first-time determination and analysis of the catalytically relevant 3D conformation of CYP109A2 will allow for future small molecule ligand screening in silico, as well as enabling site-directed mutagenesis toward improved enzymatic properties of this enzyme.
Manual Of Dental Implants: A Reference Guide For Diagnosis & Treatment (2006)

This title features: over 220 quality color photos, plus diagrams and decisions trees; diagnosis and treatment plans explained in detail; restorative step-by-step illustrations for each case type; hygiene techniques and protocols; and, assistants and staff training guidelines.8 Chapters Tabbed for Easy Access: Basic Principles; Diagnosis; Treatment Planning; Restoration Sequences; Maintenance; Implants In Your Practice; Appendix; and, Index.This title is designed to initiate dental students, general dentists, dental hygienists, and staff into the world of implant restorative dentistry and maintenance. Substantial information is provided about the administrative aspects of incorporating implant treatment into a general practice.
Immediate interpretation of FNA smears from the head and neck region (1992)

FNA smears from 540 patients, investigated for visible and/or palpable lesions in the head and neck, examined immediately during consultation have been compared with the final cytologic diagnoses and, when possible, with histologic results. Preliminary and final cytologic diagnoses differed in 25 cases (4.6%). Major discrepancies as to whether a lesion was benign or malignant occurred in 15 cases (2.8%). Histologic follow-up was available for 188 lesions (35%). There were 5 false-positive (2.6%) and 9 false-negative (4.7%) diagnoses, giving a sensitivity of 90.6% and a specificity of 94.6%. The main diagnostic problem was benign, reactive lymphadenitis versus malignant lymphoma, which was responsible for 11 of 14 erroneous cytologic diagnoses (3 false-positive and 8 false-negative smears).
Effect of Matrix Ductility on the Performance of Reinforced ECC Column Members under Reversed Cyclic Loading Conditions (2002)

Peer Reviewed
PLASMA 20α‐OH‐PROGESTERONE IN WOMEN WITH MALIGNANT EPITHELIAL ‘NON‐ENDOCRINE’ OVARIAN TUMORS (1985)

The production of 20 alpha-OH-progesterone (20 alpha-OH-P) in women with malignant epithelial ovarian tumors was investigated. The study material comprised 51 postmenopausal and/or oophorectomized women with ovarian carcinoma, including the histological types Ic, IIc, IIIc and V and FIGO stages I-IV. Their tumor volumes were evaluated once a month using bimanual recto-vaginal palpation under anesthesia. Blood samples were drawn for 20 alpha-OH-P radio-immunoassay at monthly intervals for 3 months. The plasma levels were compared with those of a control group of postmenopausal women. The results show a relationship between tumor volume and plasma 20 alpha-OH-P level. Another finding is that endometrioid ovarian cancer (histologically IIIc) showed a significantly lower 20 alpha-OH-P production than the other types. The reason for this is discussed.
Bio-implantable passive on-chip RF-MEMS strain sensing resonators for orthopaedic applications (2008)

One out of ten bone fractures does not heal properly due to improper load distribution and strain profiles during the healing process. To provide implantable tools for the assessment of bone fractures, we have designed novel, bio-implantable, passive, on-chip, RF-MEMS strain sensors that rely on the resonance frequency shift with mechanical deformation. For this purpose, we modeled, fabricated and experimentally characterized two on-chip sensors with high quality factors for in vivo implantation. One of the sensors has an area of ∼0.12 mm2 with a quality factor of ∼60 and the other has an area of ∼0.07 mm2 with a quality factor of ∼70. To monitor the mechanical deformation by measuring the change in the resonance frequencies with the applied load, we employed a controllable, point load applying experimental setup designed and constructed for in vitro characterization. In the case of the sensor with the larger area, when we apply a load of 3920 N, we obtain a frequency shift of ∼330 MHz and a quality factor of ∼76. For the smaller sensor, the frequency shift and the quality factor are increased to 360 MHz and 95, respectively. These data demonstrate that our sensor chips have the capacity to withstand relatively high physiologic loads, and that the concomitant and very large resonant frequency shift with the applied load is achieved while maintaining a high signal quality factor. These experiments demonstrate that these novel sensors have the capacity for producing high sensitivity strain readout, even when the total device area is considerably small. Also, we have demonstrated that our bio-implantable, passive sensors deliver a telemetric, real-time readout of the strain on a chip. Placing two more resonators on the sides of the sensor to serve as transmitter and receiver antennas, we achieved to transfer contactless power and read out loads in the absence of direct wiring to the sensor. With this model, where telemetric measurements become simpler due to the fact that all sensor system is built on the same chip, we obtain a frequency shift of ∼190 MHz with an increase in the quality factor from ∼38 to ∼46 when a load of 3920 N is applied. Therefore, as a first proof of concept, we have demonstrated the feasibility of our on-chip strain sensors for monitoring the mechanical deformation using telemetry-based systems.
A novel electroplex host with dual triplet exciton up-converting channels suppressing triplet exciton induced degradation mechanisms in blue organic light-emitting diodes (2021)

A novel n-type host material with thermally activated delayed fluorescence nature (SiTCNCz) was developed. Electroplex-based PhOLEDs adopting mixed SiTCNCz revealed an extended device lifetime by more than twice compared to the reference device.
A New Configuration of Paralleled Modular ANPC Multilevel Converter Controlled by an Improved Modulation Method for 1 MHz, 1 MW EV Charger (2020)

In this article, a new configuration of the modular multilevel converter (MLC) based on the parallel connection of three-level active-neutral-point-clamped (3L-ANPC) cells as well as its improved modulation method is proposed for 1 MHz, 1 MW electric vehicle (EV) megacharger. In the proposed paralleled modular ANPC-MLC, only six high-frequency silicon carbide (SiC) power switches operating at 333 kHz are required to generate 1 MHz switching frequency spectrum. Moreover, the operating voltage of all power devices is halved, the magnitude of the first switching frequency harmonic cluster is decreased by the factor of five, and the load current is equally distributed between the 3L-ANPC legs by employing the proposed improved modulation method. Hence, the modularity, efficiency, and power density of the proposed converter are notably increased, whereas the value of passive components and the overall switching loss are remarkably decreased. In addition, an optimized design of the one 3L-ANPC cell of the proposed paralleled modular ANPC-MLC for 1 MHz, 1 MW EV megacharger using Ansys SIwave, Icepak, and Q3D finite element method platforms is presented and analyzed in detail. The provided experimental results of the down-scaled setup verify the feasibility and viability of the proposed configuration as well as its improved switching pattern.
Designregeln für die Selbstorganisation: von einem ebenen Netzwerk zu einem archimedischen Körper (2012)

In einem Käfig: Ausgehend von einer neuen Arbeit von Ward et al. wird ein Überblick über unterschiedliche Ansätze zur Synthese archimedischer und platonischer Körper gegeben, z. B. durch Selbstorganisation über Wasserstoffbrücken oder durch Koordinationschemie.
Peripheral KV7 channels regulate visceral sensory function in mouse and human colon (2017)

Background Chronic visceral pain is a defining symptom of many gastrointestinal disorders. The K<sub>V</sub>7 family (K<sub>V</sub>7.1-K<sub>V</sub>7.5) of voltage-gated potassium channels mediates the M current that regulates excitability in peripheral sensory nociceptors and central pain pathways. Here, we use a combination of immunohistochemistry, gut-nerve electrophysiological recordings in both mouse and human tissues, and single-cell qualitative real-time polymerase chain reaction of gut-projecting sensory neurons, to investigate the contribution of peripheral K<sub>V</sub>7 channels to visceral nociception. Results Immunohistochemical staining of mouse colon revealed labelling of K<sub>V</sub>7 subtypes (K<sub>V</sub>7.3 and K<sub>V</sub>7.5) with CGRP around intrinsic enteric neurons of the myenteric plexuses and within extrinsic sensory fibres along mesenteric blood vessels. Treatment with the K<sub>V</sub>7 opener retigabine almost completely abolished visceral afferent firing evoked by the algogen bradykinin, in agreement with significant co-expression of mRNA transcripts by single-cell qualitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for KCNQ subtypes and the B<sub>2</sub> bradykinin receptor in retrogradely labelled extrinsic sensory neurons from the colon. Retigabine also attenuated responses to mechanical stimulation of the bowel following noxious distension (0-80 mmHg) in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas the K<sub>V</sub>7 blocker XE991 potentiated such responses. In human bowel tissues, K<sub>V</sub>7.3 and K<sub>V</sub>7.5 were expressed in neuronal varicosities co-labelled with synaptophysin and CGRP, and retigabine inhibited bradykinin-induced afferent activation in afferent recordings from human colon. Conclusions We show that K<sub>V</sub>7 channels contribute to the sensitivity of visceral sensory neurons to noxious chemical and mechanical stimuli in both mouse and human gut tissues. As such, peripherally restricted K<sub>V</sub>7 openers may represent a viable therapeutic modality for the treatment of gastrointestinal pathologies.
<title>Scanning near-field optical/atomic-force microscopy for biomedical applications</title> (1996)

We have developed scanning near-field optical/atomic force microscopy (SNOM/AFM). The SNOM/AFM uses a bent optical fiber simultaneously as a dynamic force AFM cantilever and a SNOM probe. Resonant frequency of the optical fiber cantilever is 15 - 40 kHz. Optical resolution of the SNOM/AFM images shows less than 50 nm. The SNOM/AFM system contains photon counting system and polychrometer/ICCD system to observe fluorescence image and spectrograph of micro areas, respectively. A SNOM-AFM system was newly applied to analyses of biological samples. In this system a feedback signal from AFM in the noncontact mode was used to scan the probe tip along the surface contour of the sample. An optical fiber with a sharp tip on one end was bent for use as cantilever, and ac amplitude of the cantilever deflection was held constant during scanning by moving the stage. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) absorbs blue light and emits green light. GFP should be a convenient indicator of transformation and one that could allow cells to be separated with fluorescence-activated cell sorting. The gene coding to GFP was cloned in recombinant E.coli and plant cells. Spatial distribution of GFP gene expression was clarified using a SNOM-AFM system. Fluorescent spectroscopic analyses supported GFP was surely produced in E.coli and plant cells. Applications to gene identification in human genomes were also discussed.
Full-field hard X-ray microscopy based on aberration-corrected Be CRLs (2019)

To date, compound refractive X-ray lenses made out of Beryllium (Be CRLs) have been seldom applied for full-field microscopy with high spatial resolution, which was probably due to residual aberrations of these optics. However, in combination with the recent development of made-to-measure phase plates, the typical spherical aberration of beryllium compound refractive lenses (Be CRLs) can now be completely removed. In this way, distortion-free images of a sample are obtained, which is especially important for tomographic applications. First full-field imaging experiments with aberration-corrected Be CRLs were carried out at beamline P06 at the synchrotron radiation X-ray source PETRA III (DESY Hamburg, Germany). In order to maximize the magnification of the X-ray microscope for full-field microscopy, the full length of the beamline combining the micro- and nanohutch was utilized, enabling a large sample-to-detector distance. In this contribution, we present first imaging results, demonstrating the potential of Be CRLs for direct high-resolution X-ray tomography.
Chromosome-length genome assemblies and cytogenomic analyses of pangolins reveal remarkable chromosome counts and plasticity (2023)

We report the first chromosome-length genome assemblies for three species in the mammalian order Pholidota: the white-bellied, Chinese, and Sunda pangolins. Surprisingly, we observe extraordinary karyotypic plasticity within this order and, in female white-bellied pangolins, the largest number of chromosomes reported in a Laurasiatherian mammal: 2n = 114. We perform the first karyotype analysis of an African pangolin and report a Y-autosome fusion in white-bellied pangolins, resulting in 2n = 113 for males. We employ a novel strategy to confirm the fusion and identify the autosome involved by finding the pseudoautosomal region (PAR) in the female genome assembly and analyzing the 3D contact frequency between PAR sequences and the rest of the genome in male and female white-bellied pangolins. Analyses of genetic variability show that white-bellied pangolins have intermediate levels of genome-wide heterozygosity relative to Chinese and Sunda pangolins, consistent with two moderate declines of historical effective population size. Our results reveal a remarkable feature of pangolin genome biology and highlight the need for further studies of these unique and endangered mammals.
Polite rescheduling: responding to local schedule disruptions in distributed manufacturing systems (2002)

This paper considers the problem of handling schedule disruptions in a distributed manufacturing system. When a cell controller reschedules a manufacturing cell in response to some disruption, it may disrupt the schedule at some other cell, because schedules at different cells may interact. In the approach we propose, a controller at a disrupted cell tries to reschedule in a way which is likely to be least disruptive to other cells' schedules, through negotiation with controllers at other cells. This approach, which we call "polite rescheduling", has the advantage of retaining much of the original schedule, while avoiding wide propagation of the disruption through the rest of the system. Simulation results show that a polite rescheduling algorithm helps isolate disruptions to a small subset of cells.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Bayesian Persuasive Driving (2019)

In the autonomous driving area, interaction between vehicles is still a piece of puzzle which has not been fully resolved. The ability to intelligently and safely interact with other vehicles can not only improve self driving quality but also be beneficial to the global driving environment. In this paper, a Bayesian persuasive driving algorithm based on optimization is proposed, where the ego vehicle is the persuader (information sender) and the surrounding vehicle is the persuadee (information receiver). In the persuasion process, the ego vehicle aims at changing the surrounding vehicle's posterior belief of the world state by providing certain information via signaling in order to achieve a lower cost for both players. The information received by the surrounding vehicle and its belief of the world state are described by Gaussian distributions. Simulation results in several common traffic scenarios are provided to demonstrate the proposed algorithm's capability of handling interaction situations involving surrounding vehicles with different driving characteristics.
Effective utilization of coaxial connector for millimeter wave multilayer device testing (2013)

The paper presents an effective technique for utilization of a coaxial connector for millimeter wave measurements of multilayer planar microstrip devices, such as antennas, any passive circuits, or RF chip components integrated on a board. The technique is based on partial end face metallization of a board, which provides effective electrical connection of the microstrip ground plane located on an internal metal layer and an outer conductor of the coaxial connector. It is experimentally demonstrated that utilization of the proposed technique provides a significant improvement of millimeter wave measurements accuracy by lowering the insertion loss. Additionally the technique has no band limitations and can be used from low frequencies up to 100 GHz and above. The proposed technique can be considered as an alternative to waveguide-to-microstrip transitions commonly used for millimeter wave testing or down conversion of the signal frequency before the measurements.
A novel ZVS direct coupling converter (DCC) (2002)

A novel DC-DC power converter with a ZVS topology is introduced. An amplitude modulated squarewave train is generated and the output can be controlled by the amplitude of this squarewave train. As energy is directly transferred to the output, it is known as a direct coupling converter (DCC). This topology results in a simple configuration and inherent ZVS characteristics. This extends switching power supply modulation techniques to cover AM, FM and PWM. Theoretical analysis and results from an experimental prototype are presented in this paper.
Detecting Change-Points in Time Series by Maximum Mean Discrepancy of Ordinal Pattern Distributions (2012)

As a new method for detecting change-points in high-resolution time series, we apply Maximum Mean Discrepancy to the distributions of ordinal patterns in different parts of a time series. The main advantage of this approach is its computational simplicity and robustness with respect to (non-linear) monotonic transformations, which makes it particularly well-suited for the analysis of long biophysical time series where the exact calibration of measurement devices is unknown or varies with time. We establish consistency of the method and evaluate its performance in simulation studies. Furthermore, we demonstrate the application to the analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) and electrocardiography (ECG) recordings.
Empowerment of Women Self Help Groups: Human Centered Design of a Participatory IoT solution (2020)

Empowering women, is one of the major challenges experienced in several developing countries. This is majorly due to lack of education, minimal community engagement and less exposure to mobile phones and mobile applications, age difference, and varying skills. To address this issue, several women self-help groups have been formed worldwide to provide the opportunity for them to engage in several livelihood activities. This paper discusses one of the proposed design for the Internet of Things based solution for empowering women in India. This solution is intended to be used by the rural cluster based organizations intended to work for the social and economic well-being of the rural community. This research details the requirements for empowering such rural community based organizations. However, the existing solutions lack the perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use; contributing to the failure of several technical innovations. This prompted us to dive deeper into insights of human centered and user centered approaches. This persuaded us in designing a human centered approach based mobile IoT solution. This paper details the key design parameters integrated for the success of this innovation and the different functionalities required for creating an effective solution for enhancing the communication, dissemination and empowerment of women self-help groups. This paper details requirements and learning’s from AmritaSREE, one of the women Self Help Groups having more than 300000 members in India. The paper also details the approaches by which this solution can be used by AmritaSREE group for achieving financial stability and self empowerment.
An accessory protein identical to mouse egasyn is complexed with rat microsomal beta-glucuronidase and is identical to rat esterase-3. (1987)

We report biochemical, immunological, and genetic studies which demonstrate that an accessory protein with the essential features of mouse egasyn is complexed with and stabilizes a portion of beta-glucuronidase in microsomes of rat liver. The accessory protein exists as a complex with beta-glucuronidase since it coprecipitates with beta-glucuronidase after treatment of extracts with a specific beta-glucuronidase antibody. The two proteins are associated by noncovalent bonds since they are easily dissociated at elevated temperatures. Only 20-25% of total liver accessory protein is complexed with microsomal beta-glucuronidase. The remainder exists as a free form. The molecular weight of the accessory protein is 61 to 63 kDa depending upon the rat strain of origin. This protein, like mouse egasyn, has esterase catalytic activity and is concentrated in microsomes. The accessory protein is genetically polymorphic with at least four alleles. Combined biochemical and genetic evidence indicates it is identical with esterase-3 of the rat. Also, both mouse egasyn and rat esterase-3 react with antisera to egasyn and to rat esterase-3, indicating they are homologous proteins. Several inbred rat strains lack microsomal beta-glucuronidase. The same strains lack the accessory protein, suggesting that stabilization of beta-glucuronidase in rat microsomes requires egasyn.