gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ultraflexible Near‐Infrared Organic Photodetectors for Conformal Photoplethysmogram Sensors (2018)

Flexible organic optoelectronic devices simultaneously targeting mechanical conformability and fast responsivity in the near-infrared (IR) region are a prerequisite to expand the capabilities of practical optical science and engineering for on-skin optoelectronic applications. Here, an ultraflexible near-IR responsive skin-conformal photoplethysmogram sensor based on a bulk heterojunction photovoltaic active layer containing regioregular polyindacenodithiophene-pyridyl[2,1,3]thiadiazole-cyclopentadithiophene (PIPCP) is reported. The ultrathin (3 µm thick) photodetector exhibits unprecedented operational stability under severe mechanical deformation at a bending radius of less than 3 µm, even after more than 10<sup>3</sup> bending cycles. Deliberate optimization of the physical dimensions of the active layer used in the device enables precise on/off switching and high device yield simultaneously. The response frequency over 1 kHz under mechanically deformed conditions facilitates conformal electronic sensors at the machine/human interface. Finally, a mechanically stretchable, flexible, and skin-conformal photoplethysmogram (PPG) device with higher sensitivity than those of rigid devices is demonstrated, through conformal adherence to the flexuous surface of a fingerprint.
Mutation spectrum of the retinoblastoma gene in osteosarcomas. (1994)

We have performed an intensive mutation survey of the Rb gene in 63 osteosarcomas. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the Rb locus was analyzed by using polymerase chain reaction at four intronic polymorphic sites, and 62.9% (39 of 62) of tumors showed LOH. Mutation analysis of the Rb gene was performed by Southern blot for structural anomalies, polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism analysis followed by direct genomic sequencing for subtle mutations, and immunohistochemistry for protein expression. The frequencies of each type of abnormalities were: structural anomalies, 28.6% (18 of 63); subtle mutations, 6.0% (3 of 50); negative protein expression, 53.6% (30 of 56); 54.5% (18 of 33) of tumors with LOH at the Rb locus were proved to show negative Rb expression, while 50.0% (11 of 22) of tumors without LOH also showed negative Rb, indicating that LOH at the Rb locus in osteosarcoma will not necessarily correlate with the actual inactivation of the Rb gene at the protein level. Findings in primary tumors were correlated with clinical outcome, and the presence of LOH and DNA alterations of the Rb gene were proved to indicate poor prognosis.
Arthritis suppressor genes TIA-1 and TTP dampen the expression of tumor necrosis factor α, cyclooxygenase 2, and inflammatory arthritis (2004)

TIA-1 and TTP are AU-rich element-binding proteins that prevent the pathological overexpression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). TIA-1 inhibits the translation of TNF-alpha transcripts, whereas TTP promotes the degradation of TNF-alpha transcripts. Here we show that TIA-1 and TTP function as arthritis suppressor genes: TIA-1(-/-) mice develop mild arthritis, TTP(-/-) mice develop severe arthritis, and TIA-1(-/-)TTP(-/-) mice develop very severe arthritis. Peritoneal macrophages derived from all three genotypes overexpress cyclooxygenase 2 and TNF-alpha. Surprisingly, lipopolysaccharide-activated TIA-1(-/-)TTP(-/-) macrophages secrete less TNF-alpha protein than either TIA-1(-/-) or TTP(-/-) macrophages. In these mice, arthritogenic cytokine may be produced by neutrophils that accumulate in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. Our results suggest that TIA-1 and TTP are genetic modifiers of inflammatory arthritis that can alter the spectrum of cells that produce arthritogenic cytokines.
Optimized Thread Creation for Processor Multithreading (1997)

Journal Article Optimized Thread Creation for Processor Multithreading Get access B. Sinharoy B. Sinharoy IBM Corporation, Poughkeepsie, NY 12601, USA Email: balaram@watson.ibm.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Computer Journal, Volume 40, Issue 6, 1997, Pages 388–400, https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/40.6.388 Published: 01 January 1997
(Fe,Si,Al)-based nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloys for cryogenic applications (2010)

In this work Al and Si are substituted for Fe in a (Fe,Si,Al)–Nb–B–Cu alloy with the goal of improving its magnetic properties at 77 K. The x-ray diffraction patterns for a series of five alloys annealed at 823 K shows a Fe3(Si,Al) ordered phase with some residual amorphous phase. The lowest coercivity at room temperature was observed for the alloy with composition Fe68Si15.5Al3.5Nb3B9Cu1. At cryogenic temperatures, the saturation magnetization of 99.3 A m2/kg, coercivity of 0.45 A/m, and resistivity of 122 μΩ cm for the Fe63Si17.5Al6Nb3B9Cu1 alloy, compare favorably to commercial alloys at 77 K.
Coordinated Beamforming Design for Multi-User Multi-Cell MIMO VLC Networks (2022)

Inter-cell interference (ICI) and inter-user interference (IUI) constitute a major issue towards achieving the optimum spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency (EE) performance in multi-cell visible light communication (VLC) networks. Hence, advanced multiple access techniques need to be leveraged in order to improve the provided service to the users of such interfering networks. To this end, the present contribution proposes the integration of coordinated beamforming (CB) with rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) in multi-cell VLC systems. Specifically, we consider the design of beamformers for the common and private streams in a coordinated manner between different attocells, which is shown to provide efficient mitigation of the incurred interference. Additionally, the formulated optimization problem aims to minimize the sum of the mean squared error across all attocells in order to jointly determine the optimum receive filters and coordinated transmit beamformers for RSMA streams. In this context, we illustrate through extensive computer simulations, which are carried out in a realistic setup that assumes noisy channel state information acquisition, the distinct flexibility and robustness of CB-based RSMA in mitigating the incurred interference. Finally, the offered results demonstrate the superiority of CB-based RSMA in terms of achievable SE and EE performance in multi-cell VLC networks compared to the conventional CB-based space division multiple access counterpart.
A New Class of Amide Ligands Enable Cu‐Catalyzed Coupling of Sodium Methanesulfinate with (Hetero)aryl Chlorides (2017)

((2 S ,4 R )‐4‐Hydroxy‐ N ‐(2‐methylnaphthalen‐1‐yl)pyrrolidine‐2‐carboxamide (HMNPC), an amide derived from 4‐hydroxy‐ L ‐proline and 2‐methyl naphthalen‐1‐amine, is a powerful ligand for Cu‐catalyzed coupling of (hetero)aryl halides with sulfinic acid salts, allowing for first time the metal‐catalyzed coupling of (hetero)aryl chlorides and NaSO 2 Me. A considerable number of (hetero)aryl chlorides worked well, providing the pharmaceutically important (hetero)aryl methylsulfones in good to excellent yields.
Intra-Aneurysmal Flow Patterns: Illustrative Comparison among Digital Subtraction Angiography, Optical Flow, and Computational Fluid Dynamics (2014)

The DSA-based optical flow technique was considered qualitatively consistent with computational fluid dynamics outcomes in evaluating intra-aneurysmal inflow direction and apparent recirculation. Moreover, the optical flow technique may provide the premises for new solutions for improving the visibility of flow patterns when contrast motion in DSA is not apparent. This technique is a diagnostic method to evaluate intra-aneurysmal flow patterns and could be used in the future for validation and patient evaluation.
Zwitterionic Polydopamine/Protein G Coating for Antibody Immobilization: Toward Suppression of Nonspecific Binding in Immunoassays (2020)

For the development of immunoassays into sophisticated analyte-sensing methods, it is a priority to suppress nonspecific binding in immunoassays. Herein, we report a one-step surface coating method that can not only optimally immobilize antibodies but also suppress nonspecific binding. Zwitterionic dopamine (<i>ZW</i>-DOPA) exhibits distinct antifouling performance, and protein G enables an antibody to have an optimal orientation. A mixture of <i>ZW</i>-DOPA and protein G can be simply coated onto various kinds of surfaces, and the antibody can be immobilized onto the <i>ZW</i>-DOPA/protein G-coated surfaces. The antifouling property of the zwitterionic group, surface-independent coating property of the catechol and amine groups, and antibody-retaining property of protein G synergistically contribute to surface-independent and oriented immobilization of antibodies without nonspecific binding. The surface characteristics of <i>ZW</i>-DOPA/protein G-coated substrates were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, contact angle goniometry, atomic force microscopy, and ellipsometry. Importantly, the <i>ZW</i>-DOPA/protein G-coated substrates showed high resistance to nonspecific protein adhesion. We also verified that antibodies could be immobilized onto <i>ZW</i>-DOPA/protein G-coated substrates using fluorescence and biolayer interferometry systems. Finally, <i>ZW</i>-DOPA/protein G-coated substrates were employed as immune substrates for influenza virus detection via the naked eye and surface-enhanced Raman scattering, allowing us to efficiently identify the virus. It is anticipated that the developed <i>ZW</i>-DOPA/protein G coating method will be useful for the advancement of immunoassays.
Amperometric H/sub 2/S sensor with Pd/Au electrode by electrochemical deposition (2004)

Amperometric gas sensors fabricated with various working electrode compositions were evaluated for sensitivity to H/sub 2/S in the presence of up to 50% hydrogen. The WEs consisted of a gold thin-film deposited on to a porous membrane substrate and the gold film modified with two different loadings of palladium (0.3 and 8.1 mg/cm/sup 2/). At a +800mV bias (vs. a Pb-mix reference electrode) the H/sub 2/S sensitivities in N/sub 2/ were 65.1, 16.3, 4947 nA/ppm, for pure gold, 0.03, and 8.1 mg/cm/sup 2/ palladium, respectively. In 1% hydrogen, the H/sub 2/S sensitivities were 38.2, 25.0, 120.9 nA/ppm for pure gold, 0.03, and 8.1 mg/cm/sup 2/ palladium, respectively. In 50% hydrogen the H/sub 2/S sensitivities were 32.5 and 14.4 nA/ppm for pure gold and 0.03, but at 8.1 mg/cm/sup 2/ palladium loading the H/sub 2/S response was not observed. Using a Pd/gold electrode increased sensitivity in air but in very high concentration of hydrogen, it was lower than the pure gold electrode.
IL-21 is required for maintaining mucosal Th1 and Th17 responses during Helicobacter pylori infection (P3184) (2013)

Abstract CD4+ T cells play a major role in the modulation of immune responses at the gastric mucosa during Helicobacter pylori infection. The relative contributions of CD4+ T cell subsets to gastritis and control of H. pylori colonization and clearance are not completely understood. Expression of IL-21, which is produced by a number of T cell subsets, increases during H. pylori infection. To elucidate the mechanisms of action of IL-21 in effector and regulatory CD4+ T cells during H. pylori infection, we combined computational modeling of CD4+ T cell differentiation and in vivo challenge studies in mice. Our computational modeling predicted activated production of IFNγ and IL-17 by IL-21, and the expression of T-bet, RORγt and phosphorylation of STAT3. To investigate the role of IL-21 in vivo, we infected IL-21-/- and wild-type mice with H. pylori SS1, and assessed colonization, gastric inflammation, cellular infiltration and cytokine profiles in the gastric mucosa. During chronic infection, IL-21-/- mice had higher H. pylori colonization, less gastritis and reduced expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Moreover, H. pylori infected IL-21-/- mice had reduced levels of CD4+ T cell specific RORγt and T-bet when compared to infected wild-type mice. Our results indicate that IL-21 contributes to the control of infection and severity of gastritis, suggesting a role for induction of gastritis in response to H. pylori through activation of both Th17 and Th1 effector responses.
Federated Multi-Armed Bandits With Vector Rewards for Aspect-Based Recommendations (2022)

In this paper, we propose a new federated multi-armed bandit framework with vector rewards that can abstract personalized recommendations. In our setup, each reward is a vector, and each user may be interested in a different dimension of this vector. For example, some users may specifically care about the food quality, service, environment, location, or price, in restaurant recommendations. We propose a Federated Personalized Arm Elimination (FPAE) algorithm and explore two communication constrained scenarios. One scenario allows only one communication round during learning, while the other allows multiple communication rounds. We design two algorithms (FPAE-1 and FPAE-R) for the scenarios and theoretically evaluate their regret. We show that communication can speed up the learning process and that there is a tradeoff between the communication cost and the learning performance as captured by the regret. Numerical analysis results demonstrate the performance of our proposed methods.
A fuzzy logic approach for cooperative spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks (2017)

Efficient spectrum sensing is a crucial function in cognitive radio (CR) networks and that enables secondary users (SUs) to detect primary user (PU) activities and make a decision to utilize vacant channels in the spectrum. Cooperative spectrum sensing, which is a prominent sensing approach in the literature due to its ability to increase sensing accuracy, is based on sharing information about channel activities among SUs in the network. However, sensing accuracy may deteriorate if the majority of sensor nodes are under shadowing or fading, which leads to a poor sensing environment, and if intra-node characteristics are continuously altering. This paper proposes a novel distributed cooperative spectrum sensing approach, whereby a fuzzy logic is deployed for local decision-fusion, such that environmental properties and SU-mobility are utilized in the decision-making process. The proposed approach is evaluated on a real-world measured power dataset. Simulation results show high robustness against instantaneous changes in SUs velocity levels, good probability of detection at very low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) at different mobility levels, and performance that surpasses the state-of-the-art research under different SNR and velocities levels.
Effect of bias voltage and interdiffusion in Ir-Mn exchange-biased double tunnel junctions (2001)

Dual-spin-valve-type double tunnel junctions (DTJs) of sputtered Ir-Mn/Co-Fe/AlO/sub x//Co/sub 90/Fe/sub 10//AlO/sub x//Co-Fe/Ir-Mn having the R(resistance)/spl times/A(area) product; RAP /spl sim/3.0 k/spl Omega/-/spl mu/m/sup 2/ were fabricated and annealed at various temperatures (150-400/spl deg/C) to introduce interdiffusion. There is a relation between the loss of the magnetoresistance (MR) ratio and that of DC bias voltage value at which the MR ratio decreases in half value (V/sub 1/2/). After annealing at 300/spl deg/C, both the MR ratio and V/sub 1/2/ were increased to 42.4% and 872 mV, respectively, with increasing annealing temperature. Annealing above 300-350/spl deg/C, both MR ratio and V/sub 1/2/ decreased rapidly. The loss of the MR ratio and that of V/sub 1/2/ are well explained by considering interdiffusion of O and Mn at the AlO/sub x//Co-Fe/Ir-Mn interfaces. The mechanism for the loss of MR ratio is not only related to the loss of interface polarization, but is also related to the barrier properties, taking into account the spin-independent two-steps tunneling via defect states in the barrier. These results are consistent with the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and cross-sectional transmission electron spectroscopy measurements, which indicate the existence of an Al-Mn-O barrier above 300/spl deg/C.
LDL Apheresis and Inflammation – Implications for Atherosclerosis (2012)

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis is an extracorporeal treatment modality used in high-risk patients when LDL cholesterol levels cannot be reduced adequately with medication. The treatment is highly effective, but could be affected by potential unwanted effects on pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers. In this paper, we review the literature regarding the effect of LDL apheresis on pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers important in atherosclerosis, also as patients in LDL apheresis have high risk for atherosclerotic complications. We discuss the effect of LDL apheresis on complement, cytokines and finally a group of other selected pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers. The complement system is affected by LDL apheresis, and there are differences between different LDL apheresis systems. The plasma separation columns seem to trigger the formation of proinflammatory complement factors including C3a and C5a, while the same anaphylatoxins are adsorbed by the LDL apheresis columns, however, to varying degree. Proinflammatory cytokines are to some extent adsorbed by the LDL apheresis columns, while some of the anti-inflammatory cytokines increase during treatment. Finally, we discuss the effect of apheresis on different biomarkers including C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, adhesion molecules, myeloperoxidase and HDL cholesterol. In conclusion, even if there are differences between pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers during LDL apheresis, the consequences for the patients are largely unknown and larger studies need to be performed. Preferably, they should be comparing the effect of different LDL apheresis columns on the total inflammatory profile, and this should be related to clinical endpoints.
Unexpected rearrangement products from animations of 5‐bromo‐2‐nitrothiazole (1996)

Abstract While reaction of 2‐bromo‐5‐nitrothiazole ( 2 ) with weakly basic secondary aliphatic amines gives the expected 2‐amino products from nucleophilic displacement of the bromine, reaction of the isomeric 5‐bromo‐2‐nitrothiazole ( 3 ) with such amines gives mixtures of the expected 5‐amino products together with 2‐aminated 5‐nitrothiazole rearrangement products. The identity of the latter were detemined by alternative synthesis, and by X‐ray crystallographic determination of a derivative. The mechanism proposed is a slow thermal isomerization of 5‐bromo‐2‐nitrothiazole ( 3 ) to the much more reactive 2‐bromo‐5‐nitro isomer 2 which competes, in the case of relatively weak amine nucleophiles, with the direct (but slow) nucleophilic displacement of the 5‐bromo group to form the normal displacement products.
The lung HETEs (and EETs) up (2001)

Arachidonic acid metabolites of the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways have a variety of important lung functions. Recent observations indicate that cytochrome P-450 (P-450) monooxygenases are also expressed in the lung, localized to specific pulmonary cell types (e.g., epithelium, endothelium, and smooth muscle), and may modulate critical lung functions. This review summarizes recent data on the presence and biological activity of P-450-derived eicosanoids in the pulmonary vasculature and airways, including effects on pulmonary vascular and bronchial smooth muscle tone and airway epithelial ion transport. We hypothesize a number of potential functions of P-450-derived arachidonate metabolites in the lungs such as contribution to hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, regulation of bronchomotor tone, control of the composition of airway lining fluid, and limitation of pulmonary inflammation. Finally, we describe a number of emerging technologies, including congenic and transgenic strains of experimental animals, P-450 isoform-specific inhibitors and inhibitory antibodies, eicosanoid analogs, and vectors for delivery of P-450 cDNAs and antisense oligonucleotides. These tools will facilitate further studies on the contribution of endogenously formed P-450 eicosanoid metabolites to lung function, under both normal and pathological conditions.
IL26, a Noncanonical Mediator of DNA Inflammatory Stimulation, Promotes TNBC Engraftment and Progression in Association with Neutrophils (2020)

IL26 is a unique amphipathic member of the IL10 family of cytokines that participates in inflammatory signaling through a canonical receptor pathway. It also directly binds DNA to facilitate cellular transduction and intracellular inflammatory signaling. Although IL26 has almost no described role in cancer, our <i>in vivo</i> screen of inflammatory and cytokine pathway genes revealed IL26 to be one of the most significant inflammatory mediators of mammary engraftment and lung metastatic growth in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Examination of human breast cancers demonstrated elevated IL26 transcripts in TNBC specimens, specifically in tumor cells as well as in Th17 CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells within clinical TNBC specimens. IL26 did not have an autocrine effect on human TNBC cells, but rather its effect on engraftment and growth <i>in vivo</i> required neutrophils. IL26 enhanced mouse-derived DNA induction of inflammatory cytokines, which were collectively important for mammary and metastatic lung engraftment. To neutralize this effect, we developed a novel IL26 vaccine to stimulate antibody production and suppress IL26-enhanced engraftment <i>in vivo</i>, suggesting that targeting this inflammatory amplifier could be a unique means to control cancer-promoting inflammation in TNBC and other autoimmune diseases. Thus, we identified IL26 as a novel key modulator of TNBC metastasis and a potential therapeutic target in TNBC as well as other diseases reliant upon IL26-mediated inflammatory stimulation. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings identify IL26 as a unique, clinically relevant, inflammatory amplifier that enhances TNBC engraftment and dissemination in association with neutrophils, which has potential as a therapeutic target. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/80/15/3088/F1.large.jpg.
Mapping of the interleukin‐10/interleukin‐10 receptor combining site (1998)

The discontinuous interleukin-10(IL-10)/interleukin-10 receptor (IL-10R) combining site was mapped using sets of overlapping peptides derived from both binding partners bound to continuous cellulose membranes. Low affinity binding of single regions of the discontinuous contact sites on IL-10 and IL-10R could be identified due to (1) high peptide density on the membrane support, (2) incubation with high protein concentrations, (3) indirect immunodetection of the ligates after electrotransfer onto polyvinylene difluoride membranes, and (4) use of highly overlapping peptide scans of different length (6-mers and 15-mers). The single binding regions identified for each protein species are separated in the protein sequences, but form continuous areas on the surface of IL-10 (X-ray structure) and IL-10R (computer model). Furthermore, four epitopes of neutralizing anti-IL-10 and anti-IL-10R antibodies were mapped and overlap with these binding regions. Soluble peptides (15- to 19-mers) each spanning one of the three identified IL-10-derived receptor binding regions displayed no significant affinity to IL-10R as expected, whereas a peptide (35-mer) comprising two of these regions had considerably higher binding activity. The data are consistent with a previously published computer model of the IL-10/IL-10R complex. This approach should be generally applicable for the mapping of non-linear protein-protein contact sites.
Collagen‐Targeted MRI Contrast Agent for Molecular Imaging of Fibrosis (2007)

Ein cyclisches Peptid, das spezifisch für Typ-I-Collagen ist, wurde mit drei {Gd(dtpa)}-Einheiten derivatisiert, um ein molekulares Kontrastmittel für die Kernspintomographie zur Erkennung von Fibrosen zu erzeugen. In einem Mausmodell zum Myokardinfarkt sind die Collagenkonzentrationen in der Infarktzone erhöht. Nach der Injektion des Kontrastmittels ist die Infarktzone deutlicher zu erkennen (siehe Kernspintomogramme); dtpa=Diethylentriaminpentaacetat.