gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dextran grafting on PTFE surface for cardiovascular applications (2014)

The modification of biomaterial surfaces with biomolecules influences the biological response. In this work, caboxymethyldextrans (CMD) with different degrees of substitution have been grafted to surfaces by introduction of amino moieties directly onto the substrate surface. Polytetrafluoroethylene was selected as a model substrate for biomaterial as it is already largely used for cardiovascular clinical applications. Firstly, CMD polymers were characterized by FTIR, (1)H-NMR, and conductimetric titration. Then, the coatings have been analyzed by XPS to confirm the grafting and determine the composition. Once characterized, biological performances of CMD coatings were investigated. The hemocompatibility was ascertained using the free hemoglobin method. The effects on endothelial and smooth muscle cell adhesion were also studied. Results indicated that CMD at a 0.2 substitution degree, significantly influenced the biological property of PTFE by exhibiting non-thrombogenic properties as well as enhancing endothelial cell adhesion along with limiting smooth muscle cell adhesion. This work suggested the creation of versatile pro-active biomaterials suitable for different biomedical applications.
HOS-based harmonic retrieval: a deterministic formulation (2003)

Given a single record, the authors consider the problem of estimating the harmonics of a signal buried in noise. The observed data is modeled as a superposition of sinusoids plus stationary, zero-mean additive Gaussian noise of unknown covariance. Novel higher-order statistics, referred to as 'mixed' cumulants, are appropriate for certain types of mixed processes. After a consistent HOS-based linear estimate, an improved estimate is computed via mixed-cumulant matching. Issues regarding quadratic coupling are addressed. The performance of the proposed method is examined via simulations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Similarity based enzymatic retrosynthesis (2022)

Enzymes synthesize complex natural products effortlessly by catalyzing chemo-, regio-, and enantio-selective transformations. Further, biocatalytic processes are increasingly replacing conventional organic synthesis steps because they use mild solvents, avoid the use of metals, and reduce overall non-biodegradable waste. Here, we present a single-step retrosynthesis search algorithm to facilitate enzymatic synthesis of natural product analogs. First, we develop a tool, RDEnzyme, capable of extracting and applying stereochemically consistent enzymatic reaction templates, <i>i.e.</i>, subgraph patterns that describe the changes in connectivity between a product molecule and its corresponding reactant(s). Using RDEnzyme, we demonstrate that molecular similarity is an effective metric to propose retrosynthetic disconnections based on analogy to precedent enzymatic reactions in UniProt/RHEA. Using ∼5500 reactions from RHEA as a knowledge base, the recorded reactants to the product are among the top 10 proposed suggestions in 71% of ∼700 test reactions. Second, we trained a statistical model capable of discriminating between reaction pairs belonging to homologous enzymes and evolutionarily distant enzymes using ∼30 000 reaction pairs from SwissProt as a knowledge base. This model is capable of understanding patterns in enzyme promiscuity to evaluate the likelihood of experimental evolution success. By recursively applying the similarity-based single-step retrosynthesis and evolution prediction workflow, we successfully plan the enzymatic synthesis routes for both active pharmaceutical ingredients (<i>e.g.</i> Islatravir, Molnupiravir) and commodity chemicals (<i>e.g.</i> 1,4-butanediol, branched-chain higher alcohols/biofuels), in a retrospective fashion. Through the development and demonstration of the single-step enzymatic retrosynthesis strategy using natural transformations, our approach provides a first step towards solving the challenging problem of incorporating both enzyme- and organic-chemistry based transformations into a computer aided synthesis planning workflow.
Communication-Efficient Parallel Graph Algorithms. (1986)

Communication bandwidth is a resource ignored by most parallel random-access machine (PRAM) models. This paper shows that many graph problems can be solved in parallel, not only with polylogarithmic performance, but with efficient communication at each step of the computation. We measure the communication requirements of an algorithm in a model called the distributed random-access machine (DRAM), in whcih communication cost is measured in terms of the congestion of memory access across cuts of an underlying network. The algorithms are based on a communication-efficient variant of the tree contraction technique due to Miller and Reif.
Interleukin-6–174-Genotyp und Sepsisrisiko bei VLBW-Frühgeborenen (2005)

Fragestellung: Der homozygote Interleukin-6–174G (IL-6–174G)-Genotyp wurde kürzlich von zwei unabhängigen Arbeitsgruppen mit einer erhöhten Sepsisrate bei VLBW-Frühgeborenen in Verbindung gebracht (Ped Res 2004; 55:652–6, Pediatrics 2003; 112:800–3). Ferner berichtete eine dieser Arbeitsruppen über eine erhöhte Rate von IVH und PVL bei homozygoten Anlageträgern des IL-6–174-C-Allels (Pediatrics 2004; 114:941–7)
Highly efficient inverted top-emitting organic electroluminescent devices with doped charge transport layers (2010)

We report on monochrome top emitting organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) with inverted layer structure and discuss the optical and electrical optimization of OLED devices comprising the orange phosphorescent emitter Ir(MDQ)<sub>2</sub>(acac). We show that first, charge balance within the emitting layer is an important factor for efficient generation of light and second, optical outcoupling is a critical issue in top-emitting devices. We demonstrate the use of doped charge transport layers for efficient injection of charge carriers and optical modeling to improve outcoupling. The latter one is done via optimized cavity tuning and application of a dielectric capping layer. Finally, driving voltages of 4.2V at 1000 cd/m<sup>2</sup>, 19 lm/W and 17% external quantum efficiency (EQE) from devices made on metal substrates are reached.
Inside Cover: Optical coherence tomography as a noninvasive 3D real time imaging tool for the rapid evaluation of phenotypic variations in insect embryonic development (J. Biophotonics 2/2020) (2020)

Top: Illustration of how to obtain 3D embryo images from a locust egg using OCT B‐scans. The internal structures of the embryo can be clearly identified as it develops. Bottom: The real time observation of katatrepsis and twist of a lowland locust embryo on days 7‐8, as the embryo develops. The embryonic movements can be readily identified by tracking the positions of the embryo's eyes (E1 and E2). Further details can be found in the article by Ya Su, Liya Wei, Hao Tan, et al. ( e201960047 ). image
SARS-CoV-2 Transmission from Virus-Infected Dead Hamsters (2023)

Although it has been 2.5 years since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic began, the transmissibility of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from a dead infected body remains unclear, and in Japan, bereaved family members are often not allowed to view in person a loved one who has died from COVID-19. In this study, we analyzed the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from a dead body using a hamster model. We also analyzed the effect of "angel care"--in which the pharynx, nostrils, and rectum are plugged--and embalming on reducing transmissibility from dead bodies. We found that SARS-CoV-2 could be transmitted from the bodies of animals that had died within a few days of infection; however, angel care and embalming were effective in preventing transmission from the dead bodies. These results suggest that protection from infection is essential when in contact with a SARS-CoV-2-infected dead body and that sealing the cavities of a dead body is an important infection control step if embalming is not performed. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> We found that SARS-CoV-2 could be transmitted from a dead body, presumably via postmortem gases. However, we also found that postmortem care, such as plugging the pharynx, nostrils, and rectum or embalming the corpse, could prevent transmission from the dead body. These results indicate that protection from infection is essential when handling infected corpses and that appropriate care of SARS-CoV-2-infected corpses is important.
Investigating the Impact of Fill Metal on Crosstalk-Induced Delay and Noise (2008)

In this paper, we investigate the crosstalk-induced delay and noise implications of floating and grounded fill metal generated using each of the rule-based and model-based fill placement techniques. We first examine the impact of fill metal on several interconnect test structures, which provide important insights into the performance and reliability implications of both intra-layer and inter-layer crosstalk coupling due to dummy fill. We then explore the noise and delay implications of fill metal on several large-scale designs implemented in 65 nm process technology. For the grounded fill cases, the fill metal significantly reduces crosstalk-induced delay and noise. Designs with floating fill also experience a reduction in average crosstalk-induced delay and noise, which is in contrast to the predictions of previous studies on small-scale interconnect structures.
Overexpression of a synthetic phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase gene increases radiosensitivity in vitro of normal and transformed murine NIH/3T3 fibroblasts (1996)

Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases) represent a family of enzymes which together with protein tyrosine kinases (PTKases) play a critical role in cell proliferation and are likely involved in neoplastic transformation. Results presented here indicate that PTPases may also be involved in mechanisms regulating radiation-induced cell damage and repair. Our conclusion arises from the influence of a completely unique PTPase, termed low Mr phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase, on cell radioresponse in vitro, relative to dose rate. Overexpression of this particular PTPase was induced in two clonal cell populations (murine fibroblast NIH/3T3 and murine hematopoietic progenitor 32D cell lines) by transfection of a synthetic gene whose product shared functional identity with the native form of the enzyme. Moreover, our results provide evidence that the low Mr PTPase effect on radioresponse is intrinsically due to its overexpression and is not related to its ability to reverse malignant transformation. In fact, it was exploited on both the parental NIH/3T3 cell line and subclones where cell transformation was induced by v-erbB, through constitutive phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (the substrate specifically dephosphorylated by this enzyme). The discrepancy between radiobiological activity of low Mr PTPase on the NIH/3T3 and 32D cells lets us assume a cell-type-regulated PTPase specificity for the control of radiation-induced cell damage and repair, independent from PTPase interaction with specific signal transduction substrates. Clinical relevance for our study and use of endogenous levels of PTPase as a predictor of cell radioresponse must be substantiated by further studies, supporting the radiobiological effects of other classes of PTPase, specific counterregulators of the mitogenic signal of other cell types. Radiat Oncol Invest 1996;4:1–8. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
The phosphotyrosyl phosphatase activator of protein phosphatase 2A. A novel purification method, immunological and enzymic characterization (1994)

International audience
Single Gold Microshell Tailored to Sensitive Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering Probe (2009)

We finely tuned the Au shell on a polystyrene microsphere of 2 microm in diameter to achieve a strong surface enhanced raman scattering (SERS)-active platform so that the molecules on a single microspherical shell surface produce their own fingerprint SERS spectra. The proposed microshells can be easily and individually manipulated under a conventional optical microscope using a micropipet and act as a sensitive probe to obtain the SERS spectra of the monolayer of molecules on Pt as well as Au surfaces without any requirement of special surface morphology or modification for inducing SERS activity. Well-defined SERS spectra can be obtained at a very short acquisition time of milliseconds, suggesting useful applications of the present system based on the decoding of the SERS-active barcodes on individually functionalized microshells.
ChemInform Abstract: Simple, Efficient Protocols for the Pd‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reaction of Aryl Chlorides and Dimethylamine. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Purification, Molecular Cloning, and Enzymatic Properties of a Family 12 Endoglucanase (EG-II) from Fomitopsis palustris : Role of EG-II in Larch Holocellulose Hydrolysis (2008)

A family 12 endoglucanase with a molecular mass of 23,926 Da (EG-II) from the brown-rot basidiomycete Fomitopsis palustris was purified and characterized. One of the roles of EG-II in wood degradation is thought to be to loosen the polysaccharide network in cell walls by disentangling hemicelluloses that are associated with cellulose.
A Review of EEG and Blood Flow Data (1998)

Novelty detection is a fundamental capacity of all mammalian nervous systems /64/. The ability to orient to unexpected events is critical for both survival and normal memory function /82/. The mechanisms whereby the brain detects and responds to novelty have become of increasing interest to neuroscientists. A review is provided of human electrophysiological and blood flow data focused on delineating the neural systems engaged by novelty. Electrophysiological recording of event-related potentials (ERPs) has shown that novel stimuli activate a distributed network involving prefrontal and posterior association cortex as well as the hippocampus /4,23,24,32,33,36,86,88/. Activation of this network facilitates subsequent memory for novel events /27/. Neural modeling provides additional support for a prominent role of novelty in normal memory function /43/. Blood flow studies employing PET and fMRI have also begun to define the neural regions activated by novelty. The blood flow data provide converging evidence on the role of the hippocampus and cortical association regions in the processing of novelty /30,66,75,76/. The results of the behavioral, ERP and blood flow research confirm that a distributed neocortical-limbic circuit is activated by stimulus novelty. These distributed circuits maintain a template of the recent past /74/. Deviations from the template activate a neocortical-limbic network facilitating behavioral response to and memory storage of novel events.
Abstract 4040: Silence of miR-203 by promoter methylation in endometrial cancer (2012)

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs, play important roles in cancer development by perturbing the expression of target genes. DNA methylation, a well-studied epigenetic event, also influences gene expression and aberrant methylation is frequently observed in cancer. We previously reported a new paradigm in which hypermethylation-mediated silencing of a miRNA de-repressed its oncogenic target in cancer cells. SOX4, an oncogene, was found to be overexpressed in endometrial cancer, partly because of hypermethylation of miR-129-2. Herein, thirteen additional miRNAs targeting on the 3′-end of untranslated regions of SOX4, and encompassing CpG islands, were identified using computational analysis. Hypermethylation of eight of the thirteen miRNAs was detected in at least two of seven endometrial cancer cell lines. miR-203 was selected for further analysis because this locus was predominantly hypermethylated in endometrial cancer cell lines, but not in normal endometrium. miR-203 expression can be reactivated by pharmacologic induction of DNA demethylation and histone acetylation, indicating that the loss of miR-203 expression is associated with promoter hypermethylation in endometrial cancer. Restoration of miR-203 by cell transfection decreased SOX4 expression and reduced proliferation of endometrial cancer cells. To confirm these in vitro findings in primary endometrial tumors, specimens from two cohorts were analyzed for miR-203 methylation by quantitative pyrosequencing or MassARRAY. In one cohort, miR-203 was significantly hypermethylated in endometrial tumors (n=31), but not in adjacent or un-related normal (n=18) specimens. Methylation of this locus is related to lymphatic and vascular invasion. In the other cohort, increased methylation was observed in primary tumors (n=114), but not in normal controls (n=22). Hypermethylation of miR-203 was positively associated with MLH1 methylation and MSI status. In conclusion, we present an emerging phenomenon that epigenetic silencing of multiple miRNAs could lead to overexpression of a single oncogene in endometrial cancer. This work is supported, in part, by NIH grants U54 CA113001 (THH) and P50 CA134254 (PJG, THH). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4040. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4040
Radiological features of bilateral hereditary micro-epiphyseal dysplasia - a distinct entity in the skeletal dysplasias (2002)

BHMED is indeed an entity that is distinct from common multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED), clinically, as well as radiologically and genetically.
Production of Muraminidase-Released Protein (MRP), Extracellular Factor (EF) and Suilysin by field isolates of Streptococcus suis capsular types 2, 1/2, 9, 7 and 3 isolated from swine in France (2000)

A total of 323 isolates of Streptococcus suis recovered from diseased or healthy pigs in France were serotyped. The presence of virulence-related proteins, Muraminidase-Released Protein (MRP), Extracellular Factor (EF) and Suilysin was also studied in 122 isolates of capsular types 2, 1/2, 9, 7 and 3 to evaluate their implication in virulence of S. suis. Capsular types 2, 1/2, 9, 7 and 3 were the most frequently detected (93%), with 69% for the capsular type 2 alone. Capsular types 2, 1/2, 9, 7, 3, 1, 4, 8, 18, 10 and 12 were isolated from diseased pigs, whereas types 2, 7, 9, 1/2, and 3 originated from the nasal cavities or tonsils of healthy animals. Most of the S. suis type 2 isolates recovered from diseased pigs carried MRP+ EF- Suilysin- (46%) or MRP+ EF+ Suilysin+ (28%) phenotypes. The MRP+ EF- Suilysin- phenotype was also detected in 67% of S. suis type 2 strains isolated from healthy pigs. The production of the virulence-related proteins was less frequently found in S. suis types 1/2, 9, 7 and 3 recovered either from diseased or healthy pigs. In this study, all the capsular type 1/2 strains were MRP+ EF- Suilysin- and all the S. suis type 7 harboured an MRP- EF- Suilysin- phenotype. The MRP- EF- Suilysin- phenotype was found in S. suis types 2, 3, 7 and 9 isolated from septicaemia, meningitis, pneumonia, and pleurisy. These results suggest that the presence of these proteins should not be used as a single condition for classifying the virulence of a field isolate in France.
New Cholinesterase Inhibiting Steroidal Alkaloids from the Leaves of Sarcococca coriacea of Nepalese Origin. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Primary energy efficiency analysis of different separate sensible and latent cooling techniques. (2015)

Separate Sensible and Latent cooling (SSLC) has been discussed in open literature as means to improve air conditioning system efficiency. The main benefit of SSLC is that it enables heat source optimization for the different forms of loads, sensible vs. latent, and as such maximizes the cycle efficiency. In this paper I use a thermodynamic analysis tool in order to analyse the performance of various SSLC technologies including: multi-evaporators two stage compression system, vapour compression system with heat activated desiccant dehumidification, and integrated vapour compression with desiccant dehumidification. A primary coefficient of performance is defined and used to judge the performance of the different SSLC technologies at the design conditions. Results showed the trade-off in performance for different sensible heat factor and regeneration temperatures.
Robust feedforward track following control system for an optical disk drive system (2004)

This paper proposes a new feedforward tracking servo system for optimal disk recording system based on prediction of tracking error. In the optical disk recording systems, its detecting signal is only a tracking error. The tracking servo system, such as CD-R, must have the complete tracking response whose error is less than 0.1[/spl mu/m] of position reference. For this purpose, this paper proposes a new tracking servo system based on prediction of tracking error. The proposed robust feedforward tracking control system is constructed both "zero phase error tracking" (ZPET) control system and robust feedback control system. Moreover, this paper considers the saturation of controller input. The experimental results point out that the proposed system has a quick and precise tracking response and keeps the residual tracking error below this tolerance smoothly and stably.
Tilasto johdon tiedonlähteenä (2013)

Markku Laitisen koulutusmateriaalit Arviointi- ja tilastovalmennuksessa 31.1. - 20.2.2013 Helsingissä, Tampereella ja Oulussa.
Psychoacoustic modelling of rotor noise (2022)

The aviation sector is rapidly evolving with more electric propulsion systems and a variety of new technologies of vertical take-off and landing manned and unmanned aerial vehicles. Community noise impact is one of the main barriers for the wider adoption of these new vehicles. Within the framework of a perception-driven engineering approach, this paper investigates the relationship between sound quality and first order physical parameters in rotor systems to aid design. Three case studies are considered: (i) contra-rotating versus single rotor systems, (ii) varying blade diameter and thrust in both contra-rotating and single rotor systems, and (iii) varying rotor-rotor axial spacing in contra-rotating systems. The outcomes of a listening experiment, where participants assessed a series of sound stimuli with varying design parameters, allow a better understanding of the annoyance induced by rotor noise. Further to this, a psychoacoustic annoyance model optimised for rotor noise has been formulated. The model includes a novel psychoacoustic function to account for the perceptual effect of impulsiveness. The significance of the proposed model lies in the quantification of the effects of psychoacoustic factors, such as loudness as the dominant factor, and also tonality, high frequency content, temporal fluctuations, and impulsiveness on rotor noise annoyance.