gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pick-up transformer for ICPT applications (2002)

A novel pick-up for inductively coupled power transfer systems allows the generation of controlled outputs at very high voltage or current using semiconductor switches with modest ratings, and no extra conversion stage. The concept is developed of a ‘pick-up transformer’ from a theoretical viewpoint and its performance is illustrated with a practical example.
Vaccination with Necroptotic Cancer Cells Induces Efficient Anti-tumor Immunity (2016)

Successful immunogenic apoptosis in experimental cancer therapy depends on the induction of strong host anti-tumor responses. Given that tumors are often resistant to apoptosis, it is important to identify alternative molecular mechanisms that elicit immunogenic cell death. We have developed a genetic model in which direct dimerization of FADD combined with inducible expression of RIPK3 promotes necroptosis. We report that necroptotic cancer cells release damage-associated molecular patterns and promote maturation of dendritic cells, the cross-priming of cytotoxic T cells, and the production of IFN-γ in response to tumor antigen stimulation. Using both FADD-dependent and FADD-independent RIPK3 induction systems, we demonstrate the efficient vaccination potential of immunogenic necroptotic cells. Our study broadens the current concept of immunogenic cell death and opens doors for the development of new strategies in cancer therapy.
The Combination of the Rexinoid, LG100268, and a Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator, Either Arzoxifene or Acolbifene, Synergizes in the Prevention and Treatment of Mammary Tumors in an Estrogen Receptor–Negative Model of Breast Cancer (2006)

The combination of a rexinoid and SERM should be considered for future clinical trials.
Microstructural Control of a Precipitate-Hardenable Al-Ag Alloy Using Severe Plastic Deformation (2003)

Departments of Aerospace & Mechanical Engineering and Materials ScienceUniversity of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1453, USA, langdon@usc.eduKeywords: Al-Ag alloy, equal-channel angular pressing, precipitate particles, aging, metastablephaseAbstract. An Al-10.8wt%Ag alloy was subjected to aging treatment followed by Equal-ChannelAngular Pressing (ECAP) (designated process AE) or ECAP followed by aging treatment(designated process EA). Hardness measurements were undertaken with respect to the number ofECAP passes for process AE or with respect to aging time for process EA. Microstructures wereexamined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) including X-ray mapping. It is shown thatage hardening is observed for the ECAP sample due to the precipitation of very fine particles withinthe small grains.IntroductionIt is well known that the process of equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) is used to reduce thegrain size of metallic materials to the submicrometer range or the nanometer range [1-3]. However,it is not so well established that the ECAP process may also be used to control the morphology anddistribution of second phase particles in two-phase metallic materials. Thus, grain refinement andsecond-phase control are both feasible because severe strain is created through the process of ECAPbased on the principle that a sample is pressed through a channel bent into an L-shape within a dieand this pressing may be repeated without any change in the cross-section of the sample.Fragmentation not only of the grains but also of second-phase particles may occur due to theintroduction of severe strain in the material.Although many reports have now been published for grain refinement using the ECAP process[2,3], there are only a limited number of examples of the application of the ECAP process tosecond-phase control [4,5]. It was shown that the application of ECAP led to dissolution of 0'particles precipitated by aging of an Al-3.7wt%Cu alloy [4]. Supersaturation thus occurred in thealloy and subsequent aging gave rise to the formation of a stable 0-phase. The 0-phaseprecipitation was also recognized after aging of a severely deformed Al-3.7wt%Cu alloy usingECAP. An application of ECAP to an A1-0.9wt%Mg
Covalent Incorporation of Aminated Nanodiamond into an Epoxy Polymer Network (2011)

Outstanding mechanical and optical properties of diamond nanoparticles in combination with their biocompatibility have recently attracted much attention. Modification of the surface chemistry and incorporation into a polymer is required in many applications of the nanodiamond. Nanodiamond powder with reactive amino groups (∼20% of the number of surface carbon atoms in each 5 nm particle) was produced in this work by covalent linking of ethylenediamine to the surface carboxyl groups via amide bonds. The synthesized material was reacted with epoxy resin, yielding a composite, in which nanodiamond particles are covalently incorporated into the polymer matrix. The effect of amino groups grafted on the nanodiamond on the curing chemistry of the epoxy resin was analyzed and taken into consideration. Covalently bonded nanodiamond-epoxy composites showed a three times higher hardness, 50% higher Young's modulus, and two times lower creep compared to the composites in which the nanodiamond was not chemically linked to the matrix. Aminated nanodiamond produced and characterized in the present study may also find applications beyond the composites, for example, as a drug, protein, and gene delivery platform in biology and medicine, as a solid support in chromatography and separation science, and in solid state peptide synthesis.
Self-tuning mixed-signal optimal controller with improved load transient waveform detection and smooth mode transition for DC-DC converters (2010)

A hardware efficient optimum-deviation voltage mode controller with a fast and noise-insensitive detection of the key voltage waveform points during load transients is introduced. To reduce the effects of noise and delays on the detection, a two extreme point detector with a voltage tracking window is introduced. In addition, an on-line algorithm for the compensation of load-dependent duty ratio variations effecting stability of optimal controllers is developed. The effectiveness of the system is verified with a 12V-to-1.6V/50 W, 500 kHz buck converter demonstrating about 30% smaller voltage deviation compared to the conventional optimal controller.
Optical switch based on fluid-filled photonic crystal fiber (2009)

An optical switch with a 30dB extinctioin ratio was developed by filling liquid into air holes of a photonic crystal fiber. The switching attributes to the waveguiding change and the absorption of the filled material.
Inhibitors of Nonselective Cation Channels in Cells of the Blood-Brain Barrier (1993)

In the antiluminal membrane of isolated capillaries of rat and porcine brain (blood-brain barrier) nonselective cation channels with g = 31 pS were observed in cell-excised membrane patches. The channel inactivated by decreasing cytosolic Ca2+ below 1 microM and was inhibited by 1 mM ATP on the intracellular side. Anions and divalent cations did not pass the channel, but Na+ and K+ were equally permeant. Like the nonselective cation channel of rat exocrine pancreatic cells, the channel in cerebral capillary endothelial cells was inhibited reversibly by derivatives of diphenylamine-2-carboxylate (DPC), like 3',5-dichlorodiphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid (DCDPC, ki = 1 microM), and flufenamic acid (ki = 4.9 microM). 4'-methyldiphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid (4-MDPC), 5-chloro-2(3-trifluormethylphenylamino)-3-nitrobenzoic acid, and 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)-2-carboxylic acid (NPPB), as well as the antiinflammatory drug ((Z)-5-chloro2,3-dihydro-3-(hydroxy-2-thienylmethylene)-2-ox o-1H-indole-1- carboxamide (Tenidap)) had a relatively low blocking potency (ki > 10 microM). Gadolinium (10 microM), a blocker of stretch-activated channels, inhibited the nonselective cation channel potently.
Eine neue radikalische Allylierung von Dithiocarbonaten (1998)

Radikalreaktion ohne Zinn: Eine neue radikalische Allylierung ist die radikalische Substitution einer Xanthatgruppe durch eine Allyleinheit [Gl. (a)]. Diese Kettenreaktion wird durch Ethylradikale gestartet, die aus Ethylallylsulfon über Ethansulfonylradikale durch Abspaltung von Schwefeldioxid gebildet werden.
Delamanid or pretomanid? A Solomonic judgement! (2021)

Given the low treatment success rates of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB), novel TB drugs are urgently needed. The landscape of TB treatment has changed considerably over the last decade with the approval of three new compounds: bedaquiline, delamanid and pretomanid. Of these, delamanid and pretomanid belong to the same class of drugs, the nitroimidazoles. In order to close the knowledge gap on how delamanid and pretomanid compare with each other, we summarize the main findings from preclinical research on these two compounds. We discuss the compound identification, mechanism of action, drug resistance, in vitro activity, in vivo pharmacokinetic profiles, and preclinical in vivo activity and efficacy. Although delamanid and pretomanid share many similarities, several differences could be identified. One finding of particular interest is that certain Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates have been described that are resistant to either delamanid or pretomanid, but with preserved susceptibility to the other compound. This might imply that delamanid and pretomanid could replace one another in certain regimens. Regarding bactericidal activity, based on in vitro and preclinical in vivo activity, delamanid has lower MICs and higher mycobacterial load reductions at lower drug concentrations and doses compared with pretomanid. However, when comparing in vivo preclinical bactericidal activity at dose levels equivalent to currently approved clinical doses based on drug exposure, this difference in activity between the two compounds fades. However, it is important to interpret these comparative results with caution knowing the variability inherent in preclinical in vitro and in vivo models.
SPT10 and SPT21 Are Required for Transcription of Particular Histone Genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1994)

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome contains four loci that encode histone proteins. Two of these loci, HTA1-HTB1 and HTA2-HTB2, each encode histones H2A and H2B. The other two loci, HHT1-HHF1 and HHT2-HHF2, each encode histones H3 and H4. Because of their redundancy, deletion of any one histone locus does not cause lethality. Previous experiments demonstrated that mutations at one histone locus, HTA1-HTB1, do cause lethality when in conjunction with mutations in the SPT10 gene. SPT10 has been shown to be required for normal levels of transcription of several genes in S. cerevisiae. Motivated by this double-mutant lethality, we have now investigated the interactions of mutations in SPT10 and in a functionally related gene, SPT21, with mutations at each of the four histone loci. These experiments have demonstrated that both SPT10 and SPT21 are required for transcription at two particular histone loci, HTA2-HTB2 and HHF2-HHT2, but not at the other two histone loci. These results suggest that under some conditions, S. cerevisiae may control the level of histone proteins by differential expression of its histone genes.
Circulating Levels of PD-L1, TIM-3 and MMP-7 Are Promising Biomarkers to Differentiate COVID-19 Patients That Require Invasive Mechanical Ventilation (2022)

Background: COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Many COVID-19 patients require invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) while others, even with acute respiratory failure, do not (NIMV). Therefore, we aimed to evaluate serum levels of MMP-7 and molecules related to exhausted T-cells as potential biomarkers to differentiate between IMV and NIMV patients. Methods: 105 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and confirmed by RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 were divided into two groups according to the requirement for IMV. Serum levels of sPD-L1, sPD-L2, sTIM-3, sGal-9 and sMMP-7 were quantified by ELISA and correlated with clinical data. Twelve patients were followed up after eight months to compare the levels of the biomarkers between acute disease and post-COVID-19. Results: IMV patients experienced a lower PaO2/FiO2 (p < 0.0001) and a longer hospital stay (p < 0.0001), and exhibited higher levels of sPD-L1 (p < 0.05), sTIM-3 (p < 0.01) and sMMP-7 (p < 0.0001) when compared with NIMV patients. According to a ROC analysis, sMMP-7 had the highest sensitivity (78%) and specificity (76%) with a cut point of 4.5 ng/mL, followed by sTIM-3 and sPD-L1. Eight months post-COVID-19, IMV patients displayed a significant decrease in the initially high levels of sPD-L1, sTIM-3 and sGal-9, while sPD-L2 was increased, and sMMP-7 was unchanged. Conclusion: Circulating levels of sPD-L1, sTIM-3 and sMMP-7 are potential biomarkers of disease severity to distinguish patients requiring IMV. MMP-7 could also be a marker for the persistence of lung lesions post-COVID-19.
Hip Preservation (2015)

The rapid growth in hip preservation surgery has been paralleled by a commensurate increase in clinical questions and challenges. While our technical capabilities to achieve surgical correction of hip pathoanatomy have seen tremendous advances with arthroscopic techniques, the appropriate indications and impact of these procedures on the natural history of hip impingement and dysplasia have yet to be defined. Pushing the envelope to new frontiers with arthroscopic hip surgery must be balanced with responsible and evidence-based review of clinical outcomes. Furthermore, the power and utility of open corrective procedures, including surgical dislocation of the hip or osteotomies, is tremendous, and these interventions are often necessary to achieve a full correction of the anatomy and biomechanics of the joint. Arthroscopic and open approaches remain complementary and potentially synergistic, and the pathology should guide selection of the best approach to preserve the hip joint. “Minimally invasive” at the price of incomplete treatment is a failure for the surgeon and the patient, but “maximally invasive” and the associated challenging recovery may not be necessary for many previously inaccessible deformities. Translational research studies that examine the biochemical, biomechanical, and kinematic effects of our interventions provide the fundamental data necessary to further evolve our understanding and the indications for treatment in various patient populations. Computer-assisted dynamic analysis of 3-dimensional imaging is a new and powerful tool to help us understand and directly visualize intra-articular and extra-articular mechanical conflicts that may correlate with symptomatic presentations in active patients. In the current issue, we are proud to present a series of thoughtful and organized manuscripts that visit some of these topical issues in hip preservation surgery. Thought leaders in the field provide a balanced summary of the evidence in the literature to date, as well as their preferred approaches to managing active patients with symptomatic hip pain. We also present some discussion on new frontiers in arthroscopic hip surgery, including treatment of dysplasia as well as periarticular soft tissue pathology. We are very grateful to the authors for their contributions and to the SMAR readership for their interest in this exciting field.
Tailoring Chimeric Ligands for Studying and Biasing ErbB Receptor Family Interactions (2014)

Abstract Described is the development and application of a versatile semisynthetic strategy, based on a combination of sortase‐mediated coupling and tetrazine ligation chemistry, which can be exploited for the efficient incorporation of tunable functionality into chimeric recombinant proteins. To demonstrate the scope of the method, the assembly of a set of bivalent ligands, which integrate members of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) ligand family, is described. By using a series of bivalent EGFs with variable intraligand spacing, the differences in structure were correlated with the ability to bias signaling in the ErbB receptor family in a cell motility assay. Biasing away from EGFR‐HER2 dimerization with a bivalent EGF was observed to reduce cell motility in an intraligand distance‐dependent fashion, thus demonstrating the utility of the approach for acutely perturbing receptor‐mediated cell signaling pathways.
Single-pole writer instabilities dependent on the pole-tip geometry (2004)

In this paper, we describe our experimental demonstration that the single-pole writer instabilities dependent on the pole-tip geometry. The instability of these writers is strongly dependent upon the throat height, which is defined as the distance between the flared point of pole tip and the air-bearing surface.
Inzidentelles versus nicht-inzidentelles intrahepatisches Cholangiokarzinom: Prognostische Faktoren und Operabilität (2018)

Patienten mit einem inzidentell diagnostizierten Gallenblasenkarzinom weisen im Vergleich zu Patienten mit einem symptomatischen Gallenblasenkarzinom eine schlechtere Prognose auf.
Abstract P623: Endothelial Dysfunction and Abnormal Perivascular Adipose Tissue Signaling in Subcutaneous Vessels from HIV-infected individuals (2016)

Objective: Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) normally promotes vascular endothelial function, whereas is impaired by reactive oxygen species (ROS) in CVD. But PVAT effects on microvessels in HIV are unexplored. We previously reported endothelial dysfunction in living subcutaneous microvascular arterioles (SMAs) dissected from a gluteal biopsy in HIV infected individuals. We test hypothesis that HIV increases microvascular ROS and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) leading to impair microvascular function and PVAT signaling. Methods: Isolated SMAs with or without PVAT were prepared from young African American HIV-infected (n=8) and matched HIV-uninfected women (n=6) enrolled in the DC Women’s Interagency HIV Study (DC-WIHS). HIV-infected participants were virally suppressed on HAART without identified CVD risk factors (except obesity). SMA’s acetylcholine (ACh)-induced endothelium dependent relaxation (EDR), nitric oxide (NO) activity (DAF-FM), ACh-induced endothelium dependent contractions (EDC) and ROS generation (temp-9AC), plasma L-arginine, ADMA and adipose adipokines and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. Results: HIV-infected participants had significantly ( p &lt;0.05) reduced plasma ratio of L-arginine : ADMA (99 ± 13 vs 182 ± 32 μmol/μmol), increased adipose MDA (15.1 ± 2.5 vs 10.9 ± 2.6 ng/mg protein) and leptin (40 ± 9 vs 28 ± 7 ng/mg protein); and reduced adiponectin in plasma (14 ± 2 vs 23 ± 2 ng/ml) and in adipose (2.1 ± 0.3 vs 4.6 ± 1.3 ng/mg protein). ACh-induced EDR (57 ± 4 vs 71± 4%) and NO (0.20 ± 0.03 vs 0.58 ± 0.07 Δfluoresce unit) were significantly attenuated (p&lt;0.05) in vessels from HIV-infected participants, whereas EDC (22 ± 2 vs 7 ± 2%) and O 2 - (0.17 ± 0.02 vs 0.09 ± 0.02 Δfluoresce unit) were significantly increased ( p &lt;0.05) . PVAT significantly increased ( p &lt;0.05) EDR (87 ± 3 vs 72 ± 4%) and NO (0.84 ± 0.09 vs 0.58 ± 0.08 Δfluoresce unit) only in control vessels. Conclusion: HIV-infected individuals have reductions in NO synthase substrate: inhibitor ratio (L-arginine:ADMA) and consequent increased intrinsic vascular effects of ROS leading to disruption of the beneficial microvascular PVAT signaling pathway. Therapeutic targets for vascular dysfunction in HIV should include ROS and its extravascular actions on ADMA and PVAT.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Proteasome Inhibition Potentiates Antitumor Effects of Photodynamic Therapy in Mice through Induction of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Unfolded Protein Response (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from Proteasome Inhibition Potentiates Antitumor Effects of Photodynamic Therapy in Mice through Induction of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Unfolded Protein Response
Gangjihwan Reduces Body Weight Gain in a ob/ob Female Mice (2017)

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate anti-obesity effects of DF in a ob/ob mouse model. Methods : Fifteen-week-old ob/ob mice were divided into four groups: a normal lean group given a standard diet, an ob/ob control group given a standard diet, and DF(1) and DF(2) groups given a standard diet with DF(1) (300 mg/kg), and DF(2) (600 mg/kg), respectively. After 10 weeks of treatment, body weight gain, feeding efficiency ratio, blood lipid markers, fat weight and histology were examined. Results : Body weight gain and fat mass were significantly decreased in DF(1) and DF(2) groups compared with control. The extent of decreases was eminent in DF(2) group. Feeding efficiency ratio were significantly decreased in DF(2) group compared with control. Consistent with their effects on body weight gain and fat mass, circulating concentrations of LDL, total cholesterol, free fatty acid, and insulin were decreased in DF(2) group compared with control. The size of adipocytes were significantly decreased by DF(2) compared with control. Consistent with their effects on body weight gain, hepatic lipid accumulation and liver weights were reduced in DF compared with control. Conclusions : In conclusion, these results suggest that DF not only decrease feeding efficiency ratio, and blood anti-obesity biomarkers, but also reduce fat mass, contributing to the improvement of obesity. DF also inhibits hepatic lipid accumulation.
Bibliography (2010)

This textbook for advanced undergraduates and graduate students emphasizes algorithms for a range of strategies for locomotion, sensing, and reasoning. It concentrates on wheeled and legged mobile robots but discusses a variety of other propulsion systems. This edition includes advances in robotics and intelligent machines over the ten years prior to publication, including significant coverage of SLAM (simultaneous localization and mapping) and multi-robot systems. It includes additional mathematical background and an extensive list of sample problems. Various mathematical techniques that were assumed in the first edition are now briefly introduced in appendices at the end of the text to make the book more self-contained. Researchers as well as students in the field of mobile robotics will appreciate this comprehensive treatment of state-of-the-art methods and key technologies.
Nombres y símbolos en español de los elementos aceptados por la IUPAC el 28 de noviembre de 2016 acordados por la RAC, la RAE, la RSEQ y la Fundéu (2017)

El 28 de noviembre de 2016 la IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) publico la tabla periodica de los 118 elementos quimicos conocidos y aceptados con sus nombres y simbolos