gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fk506-binding protein 11, a plasma cell-specific protein folding catalyst, is increased in pulmonary fibrosis (2018)

We have recently identified the chaperone and peptidyl-prolyl isomerase FK506-binding protein 10 (FKBP10) as a profibrotic mediator in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). In this study, we sought to assess expression, localization, regulation and function of a related protein, FKBP11, in lung fibrosis.
A gene identified from Neotyphodium lolii is expressed only in planta and regulates the biosynthesis of a putative oligopeptide secondary metabolite (2007)

Endophytes, belonging to the genus Neotyphodium, live symptomlessly within the intercellular spaces of cool-season grasses, and confer a number of biotic and abiotic advantages to their hosts. We identified a novel endophyte gene (designated Nc25) that is expressed preferentially in planta, is one of the most abundant fungal transcripts in endopyte-infected grasses and which is distributed and highly expressed in a wide range of endophyte/ grass associations. Nc25 is novel and shows no homology to sequence databases or fungal genome initiatives. Characterisation indicates that it encodes a small secreted protein. Re-introduction of a Nc25 deletion strain into perennial ryegrass showed no visible effect on the symbiosis but an unknown oligopeptide, detected only in infected plants, was eliminated. Surprisingly, the oligopeptide is unrelated to the predicted peptide product of Nc25. We hypothesise that Nc25 may regulate the oligopeptide biosynthetic pathway and are investigating this using Affymetrix gene chips to determine how Nc25 affects global gene expression. In addition we are interested in the biological function of this secondary metabolite during symbiosis and in particular whether it has bioactivity that may confer abiotic or biotic advantages to the host plant. Keywords: Neotyphodium, in planta expressed gene, oligopeptide, EGFP
Interface Modifications of Carbon-based Supercapacitor Electrodes (2007)

This paper deals with the performance improvement of supercapacitor electrodes by designing specific properties at the inner and outer electrode interfaces.
A Glimpse into the Future of Diagnostics (2013)

In this issue of Clinical Chemistry , a report by the teams of Sam Sia (at Columbia) and Vincent Linder (at Claros/OPKO), together with a large group of collaborators, provides a remarkable example of what happens when one rethinks, both creatively and practically, how to collect diagnostic information in the developing world (1). By combining innovative engineering, a mixture of new and familiar technologies, good design, and careful attention to limited resources (human, financial, energetic), they have produced an integrated system whose impressive capabilities suggest a new approach to the design of portable diagnostic systems: keep the quality up (in fact, provide improved performance) relative to existing diagnostic technology; decrease costs; reduce the need for trained personnel; and use the web to move, store, and apply information. These goals constitute an aspirational roadmap for diagnostic systems for the developing world; this portable diagnostic system suggests that this roadmap can be followed practically.

But the significance of the work goes beyond the developing world. It represents one brick in what will surely be the foundation of a revolution that will fundamentally change the technical and business structure of diagnostics. The business model for diagnostics (as for many aspects of the medical systems of the developed world) is almost incredibly archaic in its treatment of information. It assumes that the primary value of diagnostic information is in defining the nature of disease, and the course of treatment, for individual, symptomatic patients. It also assumes that diagnostic information will usually be expensive and come from complex diagnostic technology managed and priced to maximize profitability. In this model, because information is expensive, it will be available only in cases of obvious need (i.e., for symptomatic disease). The most primitive issues of extracting value from masses of population-wide data, or even of handling the information …
Linear and Nonlinear Accelerating Beams in Curved Space (2013)

We present the first study on linear and nonlinear accelerating beams in curved space. These shape-invariant wavepackets propagate along various trajectories arising from the interplay between the curvature of space and the interference effects.
MicroRNA let-7 Regulates 3T3-L1 Adipogenesis (2009)

Differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells into adipocytes involves a highly orchestrated series of events including clonal expansion, growth arrest, and terminal differentiation. The mechanisms coordinating these different steps are not yet fully understood. Here we investigated whether microRNAs (miRNAs) play a role in this process. Microarray analysis was performed to detect miRNA expression during 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. Several miRNAs, including let-7, were up-regulated during 3T3-L1 adipogenesis. Ectopic introduction of let-7 into 3T3-L1 cells inhibited clonal expansion as well as terminal differentiation. The mRNA encoding high-mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2), a transcription factor that regulates growth and proliferation in other contexts, was inversely correlated with let-7 levels during 3T3-L1 cell adipogenesis, and let-7 markedly reduced HMGA2 concentrations. Knockdown of HMGA2 inhibited 3T3-L1 differentiation. These results suggest that let-7 plays an important role in adipocyte differentiation and that it does so in part by targeting HMGA2, thereby regulating the transition from clonal expansion to terminal differentiation.
Production of Cinnamaldehyde through Whole-Cell Bioconversion from trans-Cinnamic Acid Using Engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum (2022)

Cinnamaldehyde (CAD) has various applications in foods and pharmaceuticals and has gained prominence as a potent nematicide in agricultural research owing to its nematicidal activity. However, conventional methods of CAD production, including extraction from plants or organic chemical synthesis, are environmentally hazardous and limit its utilization for downstream applications. Here, we engineered <i>Corynebacterium glutamicum</i> as a whole-cell biocatalyst for the efficient bioconversion of <i>trans</i>-cinnamic acid (<i>t</i>-CA) into CAD. An expression module of <i>Mycobacterium phlei</i> carboxylic acid reductase was constructed for the conversion of <i>t</i>-CA to CAD. Additionally, the putative dehydrogenase-related genes (<i>dkgA</i>, <i>adhC</i>, and <i>cg</i>1176) responsible for the conversion of CAD to cinnamyl alcohol were deleted from the engineered <i>C. glutamicum</i> strain to prevent the loss of CAD. Furthermore, as the conversion is NADPH-dependent, we investigated the conversion efficiency by exchanging the putative promoter region for the <i>zwf</i> gene, which encodes glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, with a strong promoter to increase the NADPH pool. Finally, a bioconversion platform using <i>C. glutamicum</i> as a whole-cell biocatalyst was developed by deleting the <i>vdh</i> gene, which is involved in the reverse conversion of CAD to <i>t</i>-CA. Taken together, a 100% conversion yield of 1.1 g/L CAD from 1.2 g/L <i>t</i>-CA was obtained within 30 min.
Follow-up on a Freshman engineering course experiment (2002)

In 1994-95, the authors conducted new freshman engineering courses at West Virginia University, USA, which integrated computers, math and design while giving a more rigorous introduction to engineering. At the end of the first year, as they reported at the 1995 FIE, there was no difference in retention between the experimental course and the "standard" classes. This paper examines longer term effects. For this study, transcripts for engineering students from the previous study who remained in engineering after 2 1/2 years were examined. It was found that the experimental sections had about 20% higher retention, but this difference is not highly significant. During transcript analysis, some interesting patterns in "liberal arts" were observed. It is concluded that more rigor in their freshman engineering courses certainly does not hurt, and might help retention. The authors remain satisfied that they delivered a high quality experience, but the College has not chosen to adopt the approach.
Panel discussion on the role of modeling and simulation in business process reengineering (1995)

Modeling and simulation are important technologies that can be applied to business process reengineering (BPR). Dynamic process models afford the analysis of alternative process scenarios through simulation by providing quantitative process metrics such as cost, cycle time, serviceability and resource utilization. These metrics form the basis for evaluating alternatives and selecting the most promising scenario for implementation. Tradeoffs can be made on the basis of measurements as opposed to intuition, resulting in more informed business decisions. The paper summarizes the ideas to be presented in a panel discussion session on the role of modeling and simulation in business process reengineering. Each panelist represents a different perspective: 1) a theoretical view, 2) a BPR practitioner's view and 3) a software system view. The objective of this session is to highlight key issues in modeling and simulation of business processes from each of these perspectives and to motivate research and tool development in this area.
Identification and Analysis of Medical Entity Co-occurrences in Twitter (2015)

Twitter is an attractive source of data for public health surveillance, as it is less hindered by the legal and technical obstacles associated with data sources such as electronic health records. We present a preliminary co-occurrence analysis based on 10% of all tweets from 2014 annotated with medical entities as a first approach to extract health-related facts from Twitter. In this work, co-occurrence of annotated medical entities are used to provide population-scale information about common health issues and related entities, which has potential applications in areas such as pharmacovigilance.
Peptide YY (1–36) peptides from phylogenetically ancient fish targeting mammalian neuropeptide Y1 receptors demonstrate potent effects on pancreatic β‐cell function, growth and survival (2019)

These observations reveal, for the first time, that PYY (1-36) peptide sequences from phylogenetically ancient fish replicate the pancreatic β-cell benefits of human PYY (1-36) and have clear potential for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Effects of crystallographic texture on stress-migration resistance in copper thin films (2002)

The crystallographic texture of heat-treated Cu thin films and its effects on stress-migration resistance were studied as a function of film thickness within a range of 50–900 nm. All as-deposited films had (111) texture. After heat treatment at 723 K, texture transition from (111) to (100) was observed in films of thickness greater than 300 nm. The (111) texture films after heat treatment showed severe stress migration; in contrast, the (100) texture films showed no noticeable stress migration. The observed stress-migration resistance in the (100) texture films can be attributed to the absence of twins and to lower thermal stress as compared with the (111) texture films.
High-flow Nano-chromatography Columns Facilitate Rapid and High-quality Proteome Analysis on Standard Nano-LC Hardware (2018)

Abstract Optimizing the acquisition of proteomics data collected from a mass spectrometer (MS) requires careful selection of processed material quantities, liquid-chromatography (LC) setup, and data acquisition parameters. The small internal diameter (ID) columns standardly used in nano-chromatography coupled MS result in long per injection overhead times that require sacrifices in design of offline-fractionation and data acquisition schemes. As cohort sizes and the numbers of samples to be analyzed continue to increase, there is a need to investigate methods for improving the efficiency and time of an acquisition (LC + MS). In this work, the ability to improve throughput in single runs or as part of an in-depth proteome analysis of a fractionated sample using standard LC hardware is investigated. Capitalizing on the increased loading capacity of nanochromatography columns with larger IDs, substantially improved throughput with no reduction in detection sensitivity is achieved in single-injection proteome analyses. An optimized 150 μm ID column setup is paired with an offline fractionation-concatenation scheme to demonstrate the ability to perform in-depth proteome analysis on-par with current state-of-the-art studies, while minimizing sample loading overhead. Together, these data demonstrate an easy and effective means to improve sample analysis throughput with no reduction in data quality using an approach that is applicable to any standard nano-LC hardware.
ACOUSTIC FLAW DETECTION IN RAILWAY WHEELS (1973)

Ultrasonic pulse propagation has been studied in quarter-scale model railway wheels. Surface waves traveling around the tread of a wheel have been used to detect simulated thermal cracks using both pulse echo and attenuation methods. Pulse echoes from simulated plate flaws have been found using a transducer positioned on the tread surface to produce Lamb waves in the plate. Plate flaws have also been detected from the differences in the audio frequency acoustic radiation spectra of good and defective quarter-scale models, using a real time analyzer. The extension of this work to full size wheels with actual defects is currently in progress.
Debris mitigation for EUV sources using directional gas flows (2006)

Practical EUV sources not only generate the desired EUV radiation at a wavelength of 13.5 nm but also produce debris that severely limits the lifetime of the collecting optics in the lithographic system. In this paper, we address the possibility of reducing the exposure of the collecting optics to debris by using directional gas flows, focusing particularly on mitigation of ballistic microparticles. The purpose of the gas flow is to change the direction of the particles such that they can subsequently be captured by a foil trap. Two types of gas flows are considered: (i) longitudinal gas flows, i.e. with a flow direction essentially parallel to the velocity of the microparticles, and (ii) transversal gas flows, having a flow direction essentially perpendicular to that of the microparticles. We have conducted contamination experiments using both types of flows in Xe- and Sn-based experimental EUV sources with Ar gas. The experiments show that directional gas flows suppress microparticles in the same way a buffer gas does unless the flow velocity becomes of the same order as the thermal velocity of the gas (~ 10<sup>2</sup> m/s). A high-speed longitudinal gas flow is expected to be more efficient in thermalizing the microparticles than a stationary buffer gas; this could however not be confirmed due to experimental constraints. Our experiments with a high-speed transversal gas flow show that submicron debris particles can successfully be suppressed by one order of magnitude. A transversal gas flow combined with a suitable foil trap structure may thus present an effective method for mitigation of microparticles.
Correction: Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Inhibition Sensitizes Pancreatic Cancer Cells to Chemotherapy by Abrogating the TopBP1/ATR–mediated DNA Damage Response (2019)

These data identify a previously unknown role for GSK-3 kinases in the regulation of the TopBP1/ATR/Chk1 DNA damage response pathway. The data also support the inclusion of patients with PDAC in clinical studies of 9-ING-41 alone and in combination with gemcitabine.
Comment on Bell's quadratic quotient method for hash coded searching (1970)

No abstract available.
Energy Optimisation and Reduction of CO2-Emission on the North Sea Sleipner Gas Production Platform (2000)

There is increasing focus in the industry towards energy efficiency and reduction of CO2 emission. In Norway this has also been strengthened by the introduction of the CO2-tax which in most cases more than doubles the fuel cost. In the North Sea production platforms operated by Statoil there has been a continuing optimisation program to reduce amount of fuel and flare gas for many years. Optimisation has been done in maintaining high efficiency in gas turbine power production, reducing especially gas compression power demand by simple modifications and process optimisation, and reduce flaring by operating procedures and simple modifications. This has on the Sleipner platforms led to reduction of fuel gas consumption by more than 15 % and flaring has been reduced by 90 %. The total reduction of CO2 to atmosphere from Sleipner field is some 250 000 tons CO2 per year. Many of these improvements would also have been justifiable without the CO2-tax. This paper describes the various fuel and flare reduction activities done on the Sleipner field and outlines some of the possible further improvements currently being considered.
Characteristics of Canaryseed (Phalaris canariensis L.) Starch (1997)

Abstract Canaryseed starches from three locations were isolated by an alkali steeping process and evaluated for their chemical, pasting and structural properties by amylograph, scanning electron microscope (SEM), differential scanning calorimeter, X‐ray diffractometer and image analysis, in comparison with isolated wheat starch. The average yield of canaryseed starch was 50 ± 2.9g starch per 100g of groat with a mean extraction efficiency of 77%. The starch isolates contained from 93 to 97% starch with amylose contents ranging from 16 to 22%. Canaryseed starch was uniform in appearance, being small polygonal granules having an average diameter of 2.0 μm. The granules were stable when subjected to shear and heat effects as indicated by visco/amylograph response and SEM‐photomicrographs. The transition temperatures (peak and conclusion) and enthalpy of gelatinization of canaryseed starch were higher than those of wheat starch. Canaryseed starch showed major peaks around d‐spacings of 5.9, 5.2, 4.8 and 3.8 Å similar to wheat starch which are characteristics of an A‐type starch. Canaryseed starch was also more susceptible to α‐amylase hydrolysis and more soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide as compared with wheat starch. Based on its ease of extraction and functional properties, canaryseed starch could have potential for food and non‐food uses.
Better ceramics through chemistry 7: Organic/inorganic hybrid materials (1996)

The seventh Materials Research Society symposium on Better Ceramics Through Chemistry was held April 8--12, 1996 in San Francisco, California. The symposium focused on organic-inorganic nanocomposites which are unique materials arising from the coupling of organic polymers or monomers with inorganic materials. The inorganic components are frequently produced in situ via sol-gel chemistry beginning with inorganic monomers. Sessions were devoted to chemical synthesis or intercalation, characterization and processing of hybrids, coatings, mechanical properties, controlled porosity materials, electrical and optical properties, and particulates and layered films. Eighty papers have been processed separately for inclusion on the data base.
Calcium Carbonate Storage in Amorphous Form and Its Template-Induced Crystallization (2007)

Calcium carbonate crystallization in organisms often occurs through the transformation from the amorphous precursor. It is believed that the amorphous phase could be temporarily stabilized and stored, until its templated transition to the crystalline form is induced. Here we develop a bioinspired crystallization strategy that is based on the above mechanism. Amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) spherulitic particles are induced to form on a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of hydroxyl-terminated alkanethiols on a gold surface. The ACC can then be stored in a dry atmosphere as a reservoir for ions and be induced to crystallize on command by the introduction of water and a secondary surface that is functionalized with carboxylic acid-terminated SAM. This secondary surface acts as a template for oriented and patterned nucleation. Various oriented crystalline arrays and micropatterned films are formed. We also show that the ACC phase can be doped with foreign ions (e.g., magnesium) and organic molecules (e.g., dyes) and that these dopants later function as growth modifiers of calcite crystals and become incorporated into the crystals during the transformation process of ACC to calcite. We believe that our strategy opens the way to using a stabilized amorphous phase as a versatile reservoir system that can be converted in a highly controlled fashion to a crystalline form upon contacting a specially designed nucleating template in water.
High precision clock synchronization with IEEE1588 (2004)

A high precision time base is especially important for distributed systems in automation. The Precision Time Protocol (PTP) specified in IEEE 1588 is able to synchronize distributed clocks with an accuracy of less than one microsecond. It is adapted to local area networks such as Ethernet which allow Multicast messages. The demands on the local clocks and the network and computing capacity are comparatively low.
Safe Interdomain Routing Under Diverse Commercial Agreements (2010)

Commercial agreements drive the routing policies used in today's Internet. The two most extensively studied commercial agreements are transit and peering; however, they are only two of many diverse and continuously evolving commercial agreements that ISPs enter into. So far, the only known practical safe and robust routing policy is Gao and Rexford's policy guideline, which is applicable to transit and peering agreements only. It is, therefore, of importance to identify routing policies that are safe and robust and, at the same time, capable of accommodating the diverse commercial agreements existing in the Internet. In particular, this paper investigates the extent to which routing policies can be devised to accommodate complex mutual transit agreements. We propose a series of policy guidelines that allow mutual transit agreements with progressively broader semantics to be established. Those policy guidelines guarantee routing safety and robustness as long as the autonomous system (AS) graph satisfies a corresponding set of precise topological constraints. An experimental evaluation of the proposed policy guidelines demonstrates the benefits they would likely afford in terms of routing reliability if adopted in the current Internet.
Simulated high-frequency characteristics of coaxial via connection structures in printed circuit boards using three-dimensional electromagnetic field analysis (2009)

High-speed signal transmission of over 10 Gbps is required even for the signal transmission line of printed circuit boards (PCBs). To realize high-speed signal transmission, we developed a PCB technology with a rectangular coaxial line structure. The coaxial line structure is suitable for high-speed signal transmission because of its realization of precise characteristic impedance control and low crosstalk. In this paper, we report the high-frequency characteristics of coaxial bend and via structures in comparison with those of a microstrip-line structure obtained using a three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation.