gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hallux Varus: Correction With the Abductor Hallucis Tendon Transfer and Suture Button Construct Insertion (2009)

Hallux varus is an uncommon deformity that may present with cosmetic dissatisfaction, difficulty with shoe wear, function impairment, and pain. It is classified into 2 forms: congenital and acquired forms. This technique paper will mainly focus on the acquired variant of hallux valgus. There are many causes of acquired hallux varus, but the most common is because of attempted correction of a hallux valgus deformity. Over the years, different techniques for hallux varus correction ranging from simple soft tissue releases to releases with tendon transfers to osseous intervention have been described. This study modernizes a procedure describing the use of the abductor hallucis tendon for the correction of the varus deformity. As the abductor hallucis muscle is a deforming force in hallux varus, release of the tendon is necessary to correct the deformity. Instead of just letting the tendon retract after being released, this procedure transfers the tendon to correct the dynamic imbalance at the first metatarsophalangeal joint and uses supplementary stabilization. It obviates the sacrifice of the extensor hallucis longus or extensor hallucis brevis tendons and spares the interphalangeal joint of the hallux.
Effects of Gaseous and Particulate Contaminants on Information Technology Equipment Reliability—A Review (2021)

Abstract Over the last decade, several hyper-scale data center companies such as Google, Facebook, and Microsoft have demonstrated the cost-saving capabilities of airside economization with direct/indirect heat exchangers by moving to chiller-less air-cooled data centers. Under pressure from data center owners, information technology equipment OEMs like Dell and IBM are developing information technology equipment that can withstand peak excursion temperature ratings of up to 45 °C, clearly outside the recommended envelope, and into ASHRAEs A4 allowable envelope. As popular and widespread as these cooling technologies are becoming, airside economization comes with its challenges. There is a risk of premature hardware failures or reliability degradation posed by uncontrolled fine particulate and gaseous contaminants in presence of temperature and humidity transients. This paper presents an in-depth review of the particulate and gaseous contamination-related challenges faced by the modern-day data center facilities that use airside economization. This review summarizes specific experimental and computational studies to characterize the airborne contaminants and associated failure modes and mechanisms. In addition, standard lab-based and in-situ test methods for measuring the corrosive effects of the particles and the corrosive gases, as the means of testing the robustness of the equipment against these contaminants, under different temperature and relative humidity conditions are also reviewed. It also outlines the cost-sensitive mitigation techniques like improved filtration strategies and methods that can be utilized for efficient implementation of airside economization.
Intra-and Inter-examiner Variability in Evaluating Impression Procedures at the Undergraduate Level (2013)

Many authors have reported attempts to develop reliable clinical evaluation systems. On reviewing the literature, there is lack of data concerning evaluation and grading of clinical procedures for construction of removable prostheses. This study was conducted to compare intra-and inter-examiners variability in two evaluation methods: glance and grade (global), and check list criteria (analytical) for evaluating final impression making for completely edentulous patients. Three faculty staff members with more than ten years of clinical and teaching experience evaluated final impression made by thirty dental students in removable prosthodontics clinical sessions. Final maxillary and mandibular impressions were graded blindly by each evaluators (A, B, and C) three times, the values were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon signed rank test and Friedman test setting value of significance at 5 percent. The study revealed that, among the examiners, the intra-examiner variability was statistically significant in most situations for global method. Moreover, there was a statistically significant difference among the three evaluators for half of the evaluation using the same method of grading. Using the analytical method caused an improvement in variability. Analytical method for evaluating final impression making is highly recommended as it is an effective method which satisfies practicality, equality and time management.
Optimizing chemoradiotherapy to target multi-site metastatic disease and tumor growth (2016)

The majority of cancer-related fatalities are due to metastatic disease. In chemoradiotherapy, chemotherapeutic agents are administered along with radiation to increase damage to the primary tumor and control systemic disease such as metastasis. This work introduces a mathematical model to obtain optimal drug and radiation protocols in a chemoradiotherapy scheduling problem with the objective of minimizing metastatic cancer cell populations at multiple potential sites while maintaining a minimum level of damage to the primary tumor site. We derive closed-form expressions for an optimal chemotherapy fractionation regimen. A dynamic programming framework is used to determine the optimal radiotherapy fractionation regimen. Results show that chemotherapeutic agents do not change the optimal radiation fractionation regimens, and vice-versa. Interestingly, we observe that regardless of radio-sensitivity parameters, hypo-fractionated schedules are optimal solutions for the radiotherapy fractionation problem. Furthermore, it is optimal to immediately start radiotherapy. However, for chemotherapy, we find that the structure of the optimal schedule depends on model parameters such as chemotherapy-induced cell-kill at primary and metastatic sites, as well as the ability of primary tumor cells to initiate successful metastasis at different body sites. We quantify the trade-off between the new and traditional objectives of minimizing the metastatic population size and maximizing the tumor control probability, respectively, for a cervical cancer case. The trade-off information indicates the potential for significant reduction in the metastatic population with minimal loss in primary tumor control.
MEMS-tunable silicon-integrated cavity filters (2016)

Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) frequencies (>30 GHz) are more and more occupied by new sets of applications ranging from high-data rate communication networks to security and surveillance systems. As a result, the demand for highly-versatile RF filters that are able to operate at such high frequencies and accommodate the needs of these systems is continuously increasing. A new class of mm-wave filters that are structured by silicon-integrated evanescent-mode cavity resonators and MEMS corrugated diaphragms have recently being proposed as a prospective candidate for these applications. This paper provides a general review of the attributes of this technology and its RF performance merits through various filter demonstration examples.
Sodium-23 MAS-NMR and FT-mid-far-IR cation/proton probes of the phototopotactic oxidation of intrazeolite hexacarbonyltungsten(0) to tungsten(VI) oxide quantum dots and supralattices: exploring anchoring sites and aggregation processes (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSodium-23 MAS-NMR and FT-mid-far-IR cation/proton probes of the phototopotactic oxidation of intrazeolite hexacarbonyltungsten(0) to tungsten(VI) oxide quantum dots and supralattices: exploring anchoring sites and aggregation processesGeoffrey A. Ozin, Saim. Ozkar, and Peter. MacdonaldCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 18, 6939–6943Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100381a005https://doi.org/10.1021/j100381a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views78Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Federated Learning Aided Deep Convolutional Neural Network Solution for Smart Traffic Management (2023)

Machine learning models, especially neural network (NN) classifiers, have shown tremendous potential of being used in complex tasks such as image classification, object detection and video analytics. However, to be adopted in the real-world applications, there are still problems to be answered. One of these problems is that training machine learning models, especially NN models, requires a certain level of computation and data processing. Other problems are the limited bandwidth of the network and the possibility of exposing the privacy of the users to attacks if the training data (specially video) is going to be transferred through the network. To mitigate these problems, researchers recently proposed the concept of federated learning.In this paper, we build a video analytic application for traffic management and train it using federated learning. More specifically, each traffic surveillance camera combined with its co-located small PC are seen as the worker node in federated learning. In this way, the NN model in each node can be trained on data collected from all nodes without transmitting and sharing with a central server, which resolves all of the above mentioned problems. The performance of the trained NN model is evaluated via experiments under different open sourced datasets to demonstrate that the proposed work has the potential to enhance the detection accuracy (mAP) over 40%.
Dual-tasking and gait in people with Mild Cognitive Impairment. The effect of working memory (2009)

In older adults with MCI, low working memory performance was associated with slow GV. Dual-task conditions showed the strongest associations with gait slowing. Our findings suggest that cortical control of gait is associated with decline in working memory in people with MCI.
Realization of an ultra-short silicon polarization beam splitter with an asymmetrical bent directional coupler (2012)

An ultra-short (~10 μm long) polarization beam splitter (PBS) based on an asymmetrical bent directional coupler (DC) is demonstrated experimentally by using silicon-on-insulator nanowires. The bent DC is designed to cross-couple TM polarized light completely while there is almost no coupling for TE polarization. Grating couplers are introduced at both ends of the PBS for efficient coupling to single-mode fibers. The measurement results show that the extinction ratios of the fabricated ultra-short PBS are higher than 10 dB for both polarizations in a broad wavelength range. It is also shown that the present PBS has a large fabrication tolerance.
Building end-to-end management analytics for enterprise data centers (2009)

The complexity of modern data centers has evolved significantly in recent years. One typically is comprised of a large number and types of middleware and applications that are hosted in a heterogeneous pool of both physical and virtual servers, connected by a complex web of virtual and physical networks. Therefore, to manage everything in a data center, system administrators usually need a plethora of management tools since one tool often manages only one type of devices. The boundaries between the different management tools can limit productivity of system administrators on their daily tasks as each tool only offers a partial view of the entire managed environment. As a result, advanced analytics such as impact analysis and problem determination are generally not achievable using the traditional management tools as they require a holistic view of the entire data center. In this paper, we describe an integrated management system for applications, servers, network and storage devices called DataGraph. Our system integrates data across heterogeneous point products and agents for management and monitoring to enable the above mentioned management analytics capabilities. A common data model is introduced to federate data collected by the different tools in multiple database repositories so no modifications are needed to existing management tools. A common integrated web user interface is implemented to facilitate management tasks that would otherwise require invoking multiple tools. We deployed this tool in a lab environment and demonstrated these analytics capabilities through several case studies.
Signal identification for adaptive spectrum hyperspace access in wireless communications systems (2014)

Technologies that will lead to adaptive, intelligent, and aware wireless communications systems are expected to offer solutions to the capacity, interference, and reliability problems of wireless networks. The spectrum sensing feature of CR systems is a step forward to better recognize the problems and to achieve efficient spectrum allocation. On the other hand, even though spectrum sensing can constitute a solid base to accomplish the reconfigurability and awareness goals of next generation networks, a new perspective is required to benefit from all of the dimensions of the available electro (or spectrum) hyperspace, beyond frequency and time. Therefore, spectrum sensing should evolve to a more general and comprehensive awareness-providing mechanism, not only as part of CR systems but also as a communication environment-awareness component of an ASHA paradigm that can adapt sensing parameters autonomously to ensure robust signal identification, parameter estimation, and interference avoidance. Such an approach will lead to recognition of communication opportunities in different dimensions of the spectrum hyperspace, and provide necessary information about the air interfaces, access techniques, and waveforms that are deployed over the monitored spectrum to accomplish ASHA resource and interference management.
IR spectroscopic study of acid sites in mordenites fluorinated under mild conditions (1995)

Results obtained by IR and EPR spectroscopy show that treatment of mordenites with NH4F solution under mild conditions leads to the appearance of a large amount of strong Lewis-acid sites, presumably low-coordinate Si ions. These sites, which enhance the catalytic activity of the fluorinated zeolites, may be considered as alternative active sites in the transformation of alkylaromatics.
Optimal distributed generation placement in distribution systems via semidefinite relaxation (2013)

An optimal distributed generation (DG) placement and sizing problem is formulated in this paper, for existing three-phase feeders and future microgrids. Similar to various optimal DG placement and sizing formulations, nonlinear AC power flow relations and binary selection variables representing presence (or absence) of DG units render the proposed optimization problem NP-hard. Nevertheless, a relaxed convex re-formulation is obtained by leveraging semideflnite relaxation techniques, and sparsity-promoting regularization approaches. It is shown that by adjusting a sparsity-tuning parameter, one can trade off attainable system operation efficiency for DG deployment cost. The proposed scheme is tested on the IEEE 37-node test feeder.
Is that a smile? (2004)

Based on artistic methods used for manipulating perception, we present a technique that creates facial images with conflicting emotional states at different spatial frequencies. The foveal and peripheral components of the human visual system tend to interpret emotional states differently, adding a degree of elusiveness to the facial image. Our technique first isolates the coarser low spatial frequency components and finer high spatial frequency details from two images with differing facial expressions. We then perform image segmentation with edge detection, and morph the images. In practice we have found that high spatial frequency elements determine the dominant expression in the resulting image, while the low spatial frequency elements contribute subtlety.
Mehrfachbindungen zwischen Hauptgruppenelementen und Übergangsmetallen, LVIII. Germylen‐ und Germanium‐Komplexe des Mangans (1989)

Abstract Durch Umsetzung von Germanium(II)‐chlorid (als 1,4‐Dioxan‐Komplex) mit dem substitutionslabilen Organomangan‐Komplex (η 5 ‐C 5 H 5 )Mn(CO) 2 (THF) ( 1 ) im Molverhältnis 1:2 erhält man den neuen μ‐Dichlorogermylen‐Komplex μ‐GeCl 2 )[(η 5 ‐C 5 H 5 ) ‐Mn(CO) 2 ] 2 ( 3 ), dessen Molekülstruktur durch Einkristall‐Röntgenstrukturanalyse bestimmt wurde. Durch reduktive Enthalogenierung von 3 mittels Zink‐Staub in Gegenwart von weiterem 1 gelingt eine schrittweise Synthese der bekannten Verbindung μ 3 ‐Ge)[(η 5 ‐C 5 H 5 ) Mn(CO) 2 ] 3 ( 4 ), die aus 1 auch nach einem Eintopfverfahren zugänglich ist.
Radiographic measurements of normal elbows: Clinical relevance to olecranon fractures (2006)

This study aims to calculate a clinically relevant and intra-operatively accessible measure of olecranon length that could be reliably applied by the operating surgeon to optimise fixation of comminuted olecranon fractures. One hundred normal adult antero-posterior and lateral radiographs of the elbow were studied with respect to the proximal olecranon height (OH), trochlear notch width (TW) on lateral views, and trans-epicondylar distance (TED) and trochlear width distance (TWD) on AP views. Three mean ratios were then derived: TWD/TW, TED/TW and OH/TW. The average OH was 26.2 mm (range 21-29), TW was 24.7 mm (range 21-32), TED was 58.7 mm (range 49-74), and the TWD was 27.0 mm (range 22-32). The average ratio of TWD: TW was 1.08 (SD = 0.08), that of TED: TW was 2.38 (SD = 0.18) and OH/TW was 1.06 (SD = 0.08). Comminuted fractures of the olecranon are a surgical challenge since it is often impossible to gauge the correct length to achieve in reconstruction of the olecranon process. Our data can be easily applied to the clinical situation, by taking intra-operative radiographs, and calculating the ratios as demonstrated above. These will guide the surgeon to obtain a more reliable length of the olecranon intra-operatively.
Supplementary Materials, Tables 1-2, Figure Legends 1-8 from Identification and Characterization of NVP-BKM120, an Orally Available Pan-Class I PI3-Kinase Inhibitor (2023)

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IL-1α promotes liver inflammation and necrosis during blood-stage Plasmodium chabaudi malaria (2019)

Abstract Malaria causes hepatic inflammation and damage, which contribute to disease severity. The pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1α is released by non-hematopoietic or hematopoietic cells during liver injury. This study established the role of IL-1α in the liver pathology caused by blood-stage P. chabaudi malaria. During acute infection, hepatic inflammation and necrosis were accompanied by NLRP3 inflammasome-independent IL-1α production. Systemically, IL-1α deficiency attenuated weight loss and hypothermia but had minor effects on parasitemia control. In the liver, the absence of IL-1α reduced the number of TUNEL + cells and necrotic lesions. This finding was associated with a lower inflammatory response, including TNF-α production. The main source of IL-1α in the liver of infected mice was inflammatory cells, particularly neutrophils. The implication of IL-1α in liver inflammation and necrosis caused by P. chabaudi infection, as well as in weight loss and hypothermia, opens up new perspectives for improving malaria outcomes by inhibiting IL-1 signaling.
ChemInform Abstract: Enzymes as Catalysts in Carbohydrate Synthesis (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Dental caries prevalence and distribution among preschoolers in Singapore. (2009)

Caries is a severe oral health problem for Singaporean preschoolers, especially in the Malay community and among children with low economic status.
Ultrasonic vibrometer for tissue characterization (2008)

Ultrasonic vibrometers are well suited to a variety of tissue-characterization tasks because they exploit the lateral resolution and depth of field available with diagnostic ultrasound systems for measurements at lower frequencies. In the past, ultrasonic vibrometers have been used to measure the motion of surfaces with high impedance contrast to their surroundings (otoliths, swim bladders, and lung tissue). New ultrasonic vibrometry techniques have been developed and tested that permit calibrated real-time (amplitude and phase) transduction of sub-nanometer-amplitude vibrations at audio frequencies. These can be configured using either analog or digital demodulation for carrier signals up to 10 MHz. In the fully digital configuration, the vibrometer offers better displacement resolution than has been previously reported for analog systems. It also has the capability to simultaneously distinguish between the displacements of multiple discrete vibrating scatterers or regions within a continuum of scatterers by exploiting a multi-sine carrier signal. Individual vibrating targets are separated by pulse compression and windowing. This reduces the problem of carrier drop-out or speckle noise that occurs when multiple reflections destructively interfere at the receiver of a narrow-band signal. The technique should permit the vibrometer a depth resolution comparable a typical pulse-echo ultrasound system. [Work supported by ONR.]