gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kinetics of long-distance ruthenium-to-copper electron transfer in [pentaammineruthenium histidine-83]azurin (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics of long-distance ruthenium-to-copper electron transfer in [pentaammineruthenium histidine-83]azurinNenad M. Kostic, Ruth Margalit, Chi Ming Che, and Harry B. GrayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 26, 7765–7767Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1983https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00364a061RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views236Altmetric-Citations70LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (388 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Three Imaging Endophenotypes Characterize Neuroanatomical Heterogeneity of Autism Spectrum Disorder (2022)

Abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with high structural heterogeneity in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This work uncovers three neuroanatomical dimensions of ASD ( N = 307) using machine learning methods and constructs their characteristic MRI signatures. The presence of these signatures, along with their clinical profiles and genetic architectures, are investigated in the general population. High expression of the first dimension (A1, “aging-related”) is associated with globally reduced brain volume, cognitive dysfunction, and aging-related genetic variants. The second dimension (A2, “schizophrenia-like”) is characterized by enlarged subcortical volume, antipsychotic medication use, and partially overlapping genetic underpinnings to schizophrenia. The third dimension (A3, “classical ASD”) is distinguished by enlarged cortical volume, high non-verbal cognitive performance, and genes and biological pathways implicating brain development and abnormal apoptosis. Thus, we propose a three-dimensional endophenotypic representation to construe the heterogeneity in ASD, which can support precision medicine and the discovery of the biological mechanisms of ASD.
Novel Endosomolytic Poly(amido amine) Polymer Conjugates for Systemic Delivery of siRNA to Hepatocytes in Rodents and Nonhuman Primates (2014)

The application of small interfering (si)RNAs as potential therapeutic agents requires safe and effective methods for their delivery to the cytoplasm of the target cells and tissues. Recent studies have shown significant progress in the development of targeting reagents that facilitate the recognition of, and siRNA delivery to, specific cell types. Among recently reported delivery approaches, polymers with amphipathic properties have been used to enable endosome escape and cytosolic delivery. Here, we describe a linear amphipathic poly(amido amine) polymer conjugate system for the efficient siRNA delivery in vitro and in vivo. This polymer contains a novel amine bearing bis-acrylamide monomer designed for increasing amine density, which resulted in substantial improvement in liver uptake and RNAi activity compared to our previously reported poly(amido amine disulfide) polymer.1 The activity for this liver targeted delivery system was demonstrated in rodents and nonhuman primates.
Palladium Nanoclusters Deposited on Single-Walled Carbon Nanohorns (2005)

This study reports a direct route for deposition of Pd nanoclusters on single-walled carbon nanohorns (SWNHs) in a one step reaction involving chemical reduction of metal ions in the presence of a polymer-stabilizer. The applied strategy provides small Pd nanoclusters with an average diameter of approximately 2.3 nm robustly attached to the nanotubular carbon. The attachment is mediated by the polymer (poly(vinylpyrrolidone), PVP) used to stabilize the nanoclusters.
An O{VTVT· IE I) Algorithm. for Finding lIaDmum Matching in General Graphs (1980)

In this paper we present..an O(JiVi.IEI) algo­ rithm for finding a maximum matching in general graphs. This algorithm works in 'phases'. In each phase a maximal set of disjoint minimum len­ gth augmenting paths is found, and the existing matching is increased along these paths. Our contribution consists in deVising a spe­ cial way of handling blossoms, which enables an O(lEI) implementation of a phase. In each phase, the algorithm grows Breadth First Search trees at all unmatched vertices. When it detects the pres­ ence of a blossom, it does not 'shrink' the blossom immediately. Instead, it delays the shrinking in such a way that the first augmenting path found is of minimum length. Furthermore, it achieves the effect of shrinking a blossom by a special labeling procedure which enables it to fin~ an augmenting path through a blossom quickly.
Air–Ground Channel Characterization for Unmanned Aircraft Systems—Part III: The Suburban and Near-Urban Environments (2017)

Applications for unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), or “drones,” are increasing rapidly. In order to provide safe and reliable links to integrate UAS into the National Airspace System (NAS), control and nonpayload communication (CNPC) system requirements are being specified. A comprehensive knowledge of the air-to-ground (AG) channels in the bands of interest (C-band and L-band) plays an essential role. The NASA Glenn Research Center has sponsored an AG channel measurement campaign for most of the typical ground site (GS) local environments, including over water [8], hilly/mountainous [9], suburban, and near-urban. As a continuation of our prior study, this paper addresses the suburban and near-urban scenarios. Our developed AG channel models include path loss, small-scale fading Ricean K factors, spatial and interfrequency correlations for multiple aircraft antennas, root-mean-square (RMS) delay spread, and wideband tapped delay line (TDL) models. The path loss is described by either log-distance or two-ray models, with small corrections for flight direction. The K factors were 12 (14) dB in L-band and 27.4 (28.5) dB in C-band in near-urban (suburban) environments. The interband signals were uncorrelated, but the intra-band signals were highly correlated, with the median correlation coefficient greater than 0.85. The C-band RMS delay spread was on average 10 to 60 ns, with maximum of approximately 4 μs. The TDL models are composed of the line-of-sight (LOS) component, a ground reflection, and up to seven intermittent multipath components (MPCs). Relative power, phase, occurrence probability, duration, and excess delays for these intermittent MPCs are quantified. An algorithm to simulate the AG channel impulse response (CIR) via the TDL models is provided.
Reorganization of Lipid Diffusion by Myelin Basic Protein as Revealed by STED Nanoscopy (2016)

Myelin is a multilayered membrane that ensheathes axonal fibers in the vertebrate nervous system, allowing fast propagation of nerve action potentials. It contains densely packed lipids, lacks an actin-based cytocortex, and requires myelin basic protein (MBP) as its major structural component. This protein is the basic constituent of the proteinaceous meshwork that is localized between adjacent cytoplasmic membranes of the myelin sheath. Yet, it is not clear how MBP influences the organization and dynamics of the lipid constituents of myelin. Here, we used optical stimulated emission depletion super-resolution microscopy in combination with fluorescence correlation spectroscopy to assess the characteristics of diffusion of different fluorescent lipid analogs in myelin membrane sheets of cultured oligodendrocytes and in micrometer-sized domains that were induced by MBP in live epithelial PtK2 cells. Lipid diffusion was significantly faster and less anomalous both in oligodendrocytes and inside the MBP-rich domains of PtK2 cells compared with undisturbed live PtK2 cells. Our data show that MBP reorganizes lipid diffusion, possibly by preventing the buildup of an actin-based cytocortex and by preventing most membrane proteins from entering the myelin sheath region. Yet, in contrast to myelin sheets in oligodendrocytes, the MBP-induced domains in epithelial PtK2 cells demonstrate no change in lipid order, indicating that segregation of long-chain lipids into myelin sheets is a process specific to oligodendrocytes.
The elimination of free radicals in irradiated UHMWPEs with and without vitamin E stabilization by annealing under pressure (2011)

Radiation crosslinking of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) has been used to decrease the wear of joint implant bearing surfaces. While radiation crosslinking has been successful in decreasing femoral head penetration into UHMWPE acetabular liners in vivo, postirradiation thermal treatment of the polymer is required to ensure the oxidative stability of joint implants in the long term. Two types of thermal treatment have been used: (i) annealing below the melting point preserves the mechanical properties but the residual free radicals trapped in the crystalline regions are not completely eliminated, leading to oxidation in the long-term and (ii) annealing above the melting point (melting) eliminates the free radicals but leads to a decrease in mechanical properties through loss of crystallinity during the melting process. In this study, we hypothesized that free radicals could be reduced by annealing below the melting point under pressure effectively without melting due to the elevation of the melting point. By avoiding the complete melting of UHMWPE, mechanical properties would be preserved. Our hypothesis tested positive in that we found the radiation-induced free radicals to be markedly reduced (below the detection limit of state-of-the-art electron spin resonance) by thermal annealing under pressure in radiation crosslinked virgin UHMWPE and UHMWPE/vitamin-E blends without loss of mechanical properties.
Reduction of Secondary Lobes in Aperture Synthesis Radiometry (2012)

In a synthetic aperture radiometer, the sidelobe level is determined by the shape of the synthetic pattern, which, in turn, depends on the window used to weight the visibility samples. Reduced sidelobes are obtained when the weighted visibility is smooth with no abrupt changes in the entire spatial frequency domain. Since standard 2-D windows have circular symmetry, the sidelobes are reduced if visibility samples are chosen only within a circle. This technique has been successfully tested with Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity data, demonstrating an important reduction of sidelobes with some degradation of spatial resolution.
Immunoglobulin G independent activation of the classical complement pathway by monosodium urate crystals. (1979)

10 mg of monosodium urate crystals reduced the CH50 of 1 ml of human serum by 57% after 30 min at 37 degrees C. C1, C4, and C3 depletion of 52, 68, and 46% were typical of classical pathway activation. C1 binding and activation occurred when urate crystals were incubated with isolated precursor C1, and required the intact macromolecule, C1qrs. Activation of isolated C1 by urate crystals was not diminished by F(ab')2 anti-Fc under conditions in which C1 activation by aggregated immunoglobulin (G) was blocked by the F(ab')2 antibody.
Near-Field Optical Recording Using a Near-Field Focusing Element (2005)

A near - field focusing element (NFFE) integrated on a planar waveguide has been developed and applied to the writing and reading of marks in a phase - change material. Using a NFFE fabricated on a Ta2O5 waveguide, we have recorded marks with dimensions of λ / 4 with high optical efficiency.
Viscosupplementation for the treatment of osteoarthritis. The contribution of EUROVISCO group (2021)

Viscosupplementation (VS) is a symptomatic treatment for knee and other joint osteoarthritis (OA). Despite a long history of use, conflicting opinions remain on the best clinical indications and the most appropriate patients to be treated with intra-articular hyaluronic acid (IA-HA), the optimal dosing regimen and the modalities of retreatment. A multidisciplinary committee of European experts on OA (EUROVISCO) was constituted to formulate recommendations, aimed at helping physicians in the decision-making and the optimal achievement of VS. Before each session members were tasked to collate an exhaustive literature review. Level of evidence and strength of recommendation were based on the level of agreement for each item according to the Delphi method. In 2015, a consensus position was proposed for 24 statements. Among those that obtained a consensual agreement, the working group stressed that VS is effective in mild/moderate knee OA but is not an alternative to surgery in advanced OA, and that dosing regimen must be supported by controlled trials. In 2018, two decision algorithms for the retreatment with IA-HA in knee OA were published. Among the key recommendations, the experts recommended to re-treat every year patients with high risk of OA progression, even if not symptomatic. In 2020, EUROVISCO published two sets of recommendations for the design of clinical trials on the disease-modifying effect of VS and for optimizing the results of VS. The working group underlined that an accurate analysis of radiological features and symptoms and a careful clinical examination may improve the chances of success of VS, as well as good technique of injection and the use of imaging guidance. Based on the exhaustive analysis of the literature and their own clinical experience, the EUROVISCO experts offer a wide range of recommendations intended to help practitioners, particularly in certain cases where the specific characteristics of the patients make the therapeutic decision difficult.
[DEMO] Mobile augmented reality — 3D object selection and reconstruction with an RGBD sensor and scene understanding (2014)

In this proposal we show case two 3D reconstruction systems running in real-time on a tablet equipped with a depth sensor. We believe that the proposed set of demonstrations will engage ISMAR attendees both in terms of tracking technology and user experience. Both demos show state-of-the art 3D reconstruction technology and give attendees a chance to try hands-on our tracking with simple and interactive user interfaces.
Intravascular Oxygenation (1996)

An extra corporeal venovenous bypass circuit (right atrium to pulmonary artery), including an intravascular gas exchanger in a blood chamber with a variable inner diameter, was developed for ex vivo evaluation of the host vessel diameter/intravascular oxygen transfer relationship. Three host vessel diameters mimicking different configurations of the caval axis were studied in three bovine experiments (body weight 82 +/- 3 kg). Blood flow was 3,000 ml/min and device oxygen inflow was 2,300 ml/min. Serial blood samples were taken for 26 mm, 23 mm, and 20 mm inner blood chamber diameters after hemodynamic stabilization before and after exposure of the circulating blood to the intravascular gas exchanger (sampling ports at blood chamber inlet and outlet). Measured oxygen saturation at the blood chamber inlet was 25.0 +/- 11.7% for the 26 mm diameter as compared to 31.7 +/- 12.6% for 23 mm, and 28.7 +/- 9.2% for 20 mm. At the outlet, the corresponding O2 saturations were 34.5 +/- 11.5% for 26 mm, 42.9 +/- 8.8% for 23 mm, and 43.2 +/- 6.2 for 20 mm. Total O2 transfer was 24.9 +/- 11.5 ml/min for 26 mm, 31.9 +/- 7.4 ml/min for 23 mm, and 35.9 +/- 12.2 ml/min for 20 mm (p < 0.05). Likewise, O2 transfer rate was 8.3 +/- 3.8 ml/L, 10.6 +/- 2.4 ml/L, and 12.0 +/- 4.0 ml/L (p < 0.05). Parallel analyses of total CO2 transfer and CO2 transfer rates provided less consistent findings. At 3 L/min, the pressure drop between the inlet and outlet of the blood chamber was 12 +/- 3 mmHg for 26 mm, 26 +/- 1 mmHg for 23 mm, and 38 +/- 2 mmHg for 20 mm diameters (p < 0.001). The authors conclude that oxygen transfer of a given intravascular gas exchanger appears to be indirectly proportional to the host vessel diameter. Increasing blood pressure gradient as a function of decreasing diameter has to be considered in clinical application.
Microstructural evidence of the toughening mechanisms of polyurethane reinforced with halloysite nanotubes under high strain-rate tensile loading (2021)

In this study, we have investigated the relationship between the spherulitic morphology and the dynamic tensile response of polyurethane reinforced with Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs). The polyurethane prepolymer is partially silane end-capped and filled with only 0.8 wt.% of acid-treated Halloysite nanotubes. The resultant nanocomposite material presents a 35% higher spall strength compared to the neat polyurethane and 21% higher fracture toughness. We show evidence that the HNTs are not the toughening phase in the nanocomposite, but rather it is their influence on the resultant spherulitic structures which alters the polymer microstructure and leads to a tougher dynamic response. Microstructural characterization is performed via Scanning Electron Microscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, and crystallinity examination via X-ray diffraction. The spherulitic structures present a brittle fracture character, while the interspherulitic regions are more ductile and show large deformation. The nanocomposite presents a finer and more rigid spherulitic structure, and a more energy dissipative fracture mechanism characterized by a rougher fracture surface with highly deformed interspherulitic regions.
Volume rendering on one RLE compressed data set by a new combination of ray-casting and shear-warp (2004)

No abstract available.
Diversity of order and densities in jammed hard-particle packings (2002)

Recently the conventional notion of random close packing has been supplanted by the more appropriate concept of the maximally random jammed (MRJ) state. This inevitably leads to the necessity of distinguishing the MRJ state among the entire collection of jammed packings. While the ideal method of addressing this question would be to enumerate and classify all possible jammed hard-sphere configurations, practical limitations prevent such a method from being employed. Instead, we generate numerically a large number of representative jammed hard-sphere configurations (primarily relying on a slight modification of the Lubachevsky-Stillinger algorithm to do so) and evaluate several commonly employed order metrics for each of these packings. Our investigation shows that, even in the large-system limit, jammed systems of hard spheres can be generated with a wide range of packing fractions from phi approximately 0.52 to the fcc limit (phi approximately 0.74). Moreover, at a fixed packing fraction, the variation in the order can be substantial, indicating that the density alone does not uniquely characterize a packing. Interestingly, each order metric evaluated yielded a relatively consistent estimate for the packing fraction of the maximally random jammed state (phi(MRJ) approximately 0.63). This estimate, however, is compromised by the weaknesses in the order metrics available, and we propose several guiding principles for future efforts to define more broadly applicable metrics.
Tuning the Magnetic Properties of MoS2 Single Nanolayers by 3d Metals Edge Doping (2016)

MoS2 nanolayers are versatile systems for new energy technologies such as spintronics and optoelectronic or (electro)catalytic materials, and for current industrial catalytic processes. Using spin-polarized density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we show that the magnetic moment value at edges of 2H MoS2 single nanolayers follows a periodic trend as a function of the 3d metal (Me) dopants (Me = V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co). The magnetic moment and ordering depend on the Me dopant and also on its location at the M- or S-edge with higher values at M-edge. The maximum values of the magnetic moments are obtained for Me = Mn. In the case of Co–MoS2 single nanolayers, Co atoms located on the M-edge exhibits a weak magnetic moment (0.6–0.7 μB) which may also be considered as a fingerprint of the catalytically active sites located on this given edge. A detailed electronic and structural analysis reveals that a superexchange interaction involves the Me-dopant, S-bridging ligands, and Mo atoms at subedge, particularly on the M-edge. In perspectives, we propose to combine these magnetic edge effects with the two-dimensional morphology of Me–MoS2 single nanolayers for optimizing 2D-MoS2-based nanomagnets.
Optimizer Benchmarking Needs to Account for Hyperparameter Tuning (2020)

The performance of optimizers, particularly in deep learning, depends considerably on their chosen hyperparameter configuration. The efficacy of optimizers is often studied under near-optimal problem-specific hyperparameters, and finding these settings may be prohibitively costly for practitioners. In this work, we argue that a fair assessment of optimizers' performance must take the computational cost of hyperparameter tuning into account, i.e., how easy it is to find good hyperparameter configurations using an automatic hyperparameter search. Evaluating a variety of optimizers on an extensive set of standard datasets and architectures, our results indicate that Adam is the most practical solution, particularly in low-budget scenarios
Stability studies of CdSe nanocrystals in an aqueous environment (2011)

In this paper, CdSe nanocrystal dissolution in an aqueous solution was studied. It was found that light is a key factor affecting the dissolution of nanocrystals. In the presence of light, the electrons generated from CdSe nanocrystals reduce water to hydrogen and hydroxide ions (OH-) while photo-generated holes oxidize CdSe to Cd2+ and elemental Se. The dissolution was accelerated in an acidic medium while moderate alkalinity (pH=10.3) can slow down the dissolution possibly due to precipitation of nanocrystals. This study has strong implications for the use of these crystals in aqueous environments (bioimaging and dye-sensitized solar cells).
A descriptive study of the variation in baseline levels of anti-endotoxin core antibodies between US and UK populations (2004)

Low levels of naturally occurring antibodies to the core section of endotoxin (EndoCAb) have been shown to be predictors of poor outcome following major surgery. We performed a retrospective study comparing pre-operative levels in US surgical patients, UK surgical patients and healthy volunteers. Both IgM and IgG EndoCAb levels were higher in the US surgical patients when compared with the other groups (approximately twice as high in the case of IgG EndoCAb). This may reflect genetic or environmental variability between the patient groups, differences in the disease processes, the disparity in the delivery of health care between the two countries or degradation of the samples in transfer.