gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Di- and Tri-Chromatic Fluorescence Detection on Western Blots (2003)

The standard protocol for investigators striving to visualize concurrently the total protein profile and a specific antigen by immunodetection is to run replicate gels, using one for general protein staining and the other for immunoblotting. Similar procedures are often employed to visualize total protein and glycoprotein profiles by lectin blotting. However, the multiple manipulations required for electrophoresis and blotting often result in an inability to align bands or spots on the gel with bands or spots from the immunoblot. Shrinking, swelling, and other incidental side effects of electrophoresis, immunoblotting, and staining result in gel-to-gel and/or gel-to-blot variations, which make definitive band identification at best uncertain. The possibility of registration errors arising from the cited dimensional changes are compounded when addressing identification of specific proteins in two-dimensional (2-D) gel profiles, in which the immunoblot may have very few landmarks to aid in registration with the complex spot pattern.
An extrinsic-inductance independent approach for direct extraction of HBT intrinsic circuit parameters (2002)

A new analytical procedure has been developed for direct extraction of the intrinsic elements in a hybrid-/spl pi/ equivalent circuit of heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs). The method differs from previous ones by formulating impedance-parameter based expressions that are exclusive of the extrinsic parasitic inductances associated with the base, emitter and collector. It is therefore not susceptible to variation of the extrinsic reactances from DC to high frequencies and can lead to very accurate extraction of the intrinsic elements under different bias conditions.
Predicting Charge-Times of Internal Cardioverter Defibrillators (2007)

Abstract not Available.
Wireless Information and Power Transfer: Nonlinearity, Waveform Design\n and Rate-Energy Tradeoff (2016)

The design of Wireless Information and Power Transfer (WIPT) has so far\nrelied on an oversimplified and inaccurate linear model of the energy\nharvester. In this paper, we depart from this linear model and design WIPT\nconsidering the rectifier nonlinearity. We develop a tractable model of the\nrectifier nonlinearity that is flexible enough to cope with general\nmulticarrier modulated input waveforms. Leveraging that model, we motivate and\nintroduce a novel WIPT architecture relying on the superposition of\nmulti-carrier unmodulated and modulated waveforms at the transmitter. The\nsuperposed WIPT waveforms are optimized as a function of the channel state\ninformation so as to characterize the rate-energy region of the whole system.\nAnalysis and numerical results illustrate the performance of the derived\nwaveforms and WIPT architecture and highlight that nonlinearity radically\nchanges the design of WIPT. We make key and refreshing observations. First,\nanalysis (confirmed by circuit simulations) shows that modulated and\nunmodulated waveforms are not equally suitable for wireless power delivery,\nnamely modulation being beneficial in single-carrier transmissions but\ndetrimental in multi-carrier transmissions. Second, a multicarrier unmodulated\nwaveform (superposed to a multi-carrier modulated waveform) is useful to\nenlarge the rate-energy region of WIPT. Third, a combination of power splitting\nand time sharing is in general the best strategy. Fourth, a non-zero mean\nGaussian input distribution outperforms the conventional capacity-achieving\nzero-mean Gaussian input distribution in multi-carrier transmissions. Fifth,\nthe rectifier nonlinearity is beneficial to system performance and is essential\nto efficient WIPT design.\n
"Evaluation of the effect of Cassia fistula L. extracts on the muscle contraction intensity using an ex vivo model" (2022)

Cassia fistula L. is a peculiar Fabaceae representative that has long been used in traditional medicine. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of Cassia fistula L. herbal extracts in the form of solutions of a certain concentration on the smooth muscles of the intestine. The design of the experiment involved the identification of raw materials, their drying, grinding, extraction of soluble fractions, purification of aqueous, ethereal (diethyl ether) and ethanol extracts and their testing on the tissues of the ileum of the domestic chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus L.) extracted ex vivo. It was shown that the ethereal, ethanol and aqueous extracts of Cassia fistula L. fruits showed a generally high relaxation activity in comparison with the control relaxation stimulants, leaf extracts showed a more modest relaxation activity, a similar situation was observed during testing of extracts of young shoots, and aqueous extracts showed more modest results, while the alcoholic and ethanol extracts of young shoots performed better than the corresponding leaf extracts, and the most modest results in terms of a dose sufficient for a physiological response were demonstrated by root extracts. The initial assessment of the activity of Cassia fistula L. extracts makes it possible to identify as the most promising for further chemical study the pools of substances concentrated in the ethanol extract of fruits, which exhibit the minimum effective dose, in the ether extracts of fruits and bark, which demonstrate the shortest reaction time, and in aqueous extracts of young shoots and cortex showing the highest percentage increase in activity in comparison with the control.
Characterization and engineering of a two-enzyme system for plastics depolymerization (2020)

Plastics pollution represents a global environmental crisis. In response, microbes are evolving the capacity to utilize synthetic polymers as carbon and energy sources. Recently, <i>Ideonella sakaiensis</i> was reported to secrete a two-enzyme system to deconstruct polyethylene terephthalate (PET) to its constituent monomers. Specifically, the <i>I. sakaiensis</i> PETase depolymerizes PET, liberating soluble products, including mono(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (MHET), which is cleaved to terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol by MHETase. Here, we report a 1.6 Å resolution MHETase structure, illustrating that the MHETase core domain is similar to PETase, capped by a lid domain. Simulations of the catalytic itinerary predict that MHETase follows the canonical two-step serine hydrolase mechanism. Bioinformatics analysis suggests that MHETase evolved from ferulic acid esterases, and two homologous enzymes are shown to exhibit MHET turnover. Analysis of the two homologous enzymes and the MHETase S131G mutant demonstrates the importance of this residue for accommodation of MHET in the active site. We also demonstrate that the MHETase lid is crucial for hydrolysis of MHET and, furthermore, that MHETase does not turnover mono(2-hydroxyethyl)-furanoate or mono(2-hydroxyethyl)-isophthalate. A highly synergistic relationship between PETase and MHETase was observed for the conversion of amorphous PET film to monomers across all nonzero MHETase concentrations tested. Finally, we compare the performance of MHETase:PETase chimeric proteins of varying linker lengths, which all exhibit improved PET and MHET turnover relative to the free enzymes. Together, these results offer insights into the two-enzyme PET depolymerization system and will inform future efforts in the biological deconstruction and upcycling of mixed plastics.
New approaches to the treatment of overactive bladder: the purine pathways and an update on the tension-free vaginal tape sling. (2003)

It is no secret that one of the fastest growing areas in urology is pharmacotherapy of the overactive bladder. Worldwide sales of drugs to treat the overactive bladder will soon exceed one billion dollars per year. In the United States there are two good drugs approved for treatment of overactive bladder: controlled-release oxybutynin and tolterodine. We believe that urology is only at the inception point of exciting new developments in the quest for continence. There are many new and exciting drugs in the pipeline. In this literature review we will introduce a concept that probably most urologists have not considered before: manipulation of the purine pathway. In addition, we will provide an update on the tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) sling with some very interesting recent European data.
Inter-element coupling effects in pulse-echo ultrasonic fingerprint sensors (2017)

Ultrasonic fingerprint sensors based on micromachined ultrasound transducers require very fine pitch to achieve high resolution imaging. We investigate a 110×56 PMUT array based on monolithic eutectic bonding to CMOS. To achieve high fill-factor, the PMUTs are anchored through small eutectic pillars, resulting in a high degree of mutual coupling between neighboring PMUTs. As a result, the mode shape is more complicated than a single-MUT dynamic model. We created a finite element model that better models the mode shapes exhibited by the entire array. Experimental measurement of the mode-shape via laser Doppler vibrometry allows us to compute the volume velocity, which correlates to the measured far field pressure.
Integrated fluorescent light source for optofluidic applications (2005)

This letter describes a simple fluidic light source for use “on-chip” in integrated microsystems. It demonstrates the feasibility of light sources based on liquid-core, liquid-cladding (L2) microchannel waveguides, with liquid cores containing fluorescent dyes. These fluorescent light sources, using both miscible and two-phase systems, are tunable in terms of the beam size, intensity and spectral content. The observed output intensity from fluorescent L2 light sources is comparable to standard fiber optic spectrophotometer light sources. Integration of fluorescent light sources during device fabrication removes both the need for insertion and alignment of conventional, optical-fiber light sources and the constraints on channel size imposed by fiber optics, albeit at the cost of establishing a microfluidic infrastructure.
Short communication Long-term stability of the anti-influenza A compounds—amantadine and rimantadine (1998)

Amantadine and rimantadine hydrochloride were tested for stability after storage at different temperatures and under different conditions for extended periods of time. Both compounds were quite stable after storage for at least 25 years at ambient temperature; they both retained full antiviral activity after long-term storage or after boiling and holding at 65‐85°C for several days. Thus, amantadine and rimantadine could be synthesized in large quantities and stored for at least one generation without loss of activity in preparation for the next influenza A pandemic in humans. © 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Dependence of the damage and transmission properties of fused silica fibers on the excimer laser wavelength (1988)

The damage and transmission properties of selected commercially available fused silica fibers have been measured as a function of excimer laser wavelength. Two-photon absorption and color center formation in fused silica currently limit the use of these fibers at the excimer wavelengths of 193 nm (ArF) and 248 nm (KrF).
Effect of phenyl ring position in the Cα-methylated α-amino acid side chain on peptide preferred conformation (1996)

The preferred conformations of Cα-methyl phenylglycine, Cα-methyl phenylalanine, and Cα-methyl homophenylalanine residues, as determined in model peptides (including homopeptides) by Fourier transform ir absorption, 1H-nmr, CD, and x-ray diffraction techniques, are compared with the aim of investigating the effect of phenyl ring position in the Cα-methylated amino acid side chain. This study shows that (a) β-turn and 310-helical structures are preferentially adopted by peptides rich in these Cα-methylated, aromatic α-amino acids and (b) turn and helix handedness is critically biased by the position of side-chain branching. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biopoly 40: 523–527, 1996
Activity of MDI-301, a novel synthetic retinoid, in xenografts (2004)

The efficacy of MDI-301, a non-toxic novel synthetic retinoid, was found to be equivalent to the natural 9-cis-retinoic acid (RA) in vitro against estrogen-dependent MCF7 and T47D breast cancer cell lines which express RA receptor (RAR) alpha. Both retinoids also showed similar efficacy against established PC-3 prostate carcinoma xenografts. MCF7 tumor xenografts showed a reduction in tumor growth of 48% without systemic side-effects upon treatment with MDI-301 compared with MCF7 controls. Tumor xenografts derived from MDA-MB-231, an estrogen-independent breast cancer cell line that expresses low levels of RARalpha, were unresponsive. This study demonstrates that MDI-301 is as efficacious as 9-cis-RA against cancer cells with RARalpha, with no signs of toxicity in vivo, making it a potential candidate for cancer therapy.
Tetranucleotide repeat polymorphism in RAF1 (1994)

Journal Article Tetranucleotide repeat polymorphism in RAF1 Get access Li Mao, Li Mao Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Head and Neck Cancer Research818 Ross Research Building, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21205–2196, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar David Sidransky David Sidransky * Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Head and Neck Cancer Research818 Ross Research Building, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21205–2196, USA *To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Human Molecular Genetics, Volume 3, Issue 3, March 1994, Page 521, https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/3.3.521-a Published: 01 March 1994
Micellar Cobaltporphyrin Nanorods in Alcohols (2004)

Cobalt(II) meso-tetrakis(4-hexadecylamidophenyl)porphyrin self-assembles in ethanol/1-propanol 2/1 (v/v) to form a rodlike micelle with nanoscale dimensions; the nanorod is a face-to-face aggregate having a hydrophobic corona around a polar core and is thus characterized as a reverse micelle.
Dust particle growth kinetics in a sputtering discharge using Ar or Kr (2012)

Poster
Manganese‐enhanced MRI detection of impaired calcium regulation in a mouse model of cardiac hypertrophy (2014)

The aim of this study was to use manganese (Mn)-enhanced MRI (MEMRI) to detect changes in calcium handling associated with cardiac hypertrophy in a mouse model, and to determine whether the impact of creatine kinase ablation is detectable using this method. Male C57BL/6 (C57, n = 11) and male creatine kinase double-knockout (CK-M/Mito(-/-) , DBKO, n = 12) mice were imaged using the saturation recovery Look-Locker T1 mapping sequence before and after the development of cardiac hypertrophy. Hypertrophy was induced via subcutaneous continuous 3-day infusion of isoproterenol, and sham mice not subjected to cardiac hypertrophy were also imaged. During each scan, the contrast agent Mn was administered and the resulting change in R1 (=1/T1) was calculated. Two anatomical regions of interest (ROIs) were considered, the left-ventricular free wall (LVFW) and the septum, and one ROI in an Mn-containing standard placed next to the mouse. We found statistically significant (p < 0.05) decreases in the uptake of Mn in both the LVFW and septum following the induction of cardiac hypertrophy. No statistically significant decreases were detected in the standard, and no statistically significant differences were found among the sham mice. Using a murine model, we successfully demonstrated that changes in Mn uptake as a result of cardiac hypertrophy are detectable using the functional contrast agent and calcium mimetic Mn. Our measurements showed a decrease in the relaxivity (R1) of the myocardium following cardiac hypertrophy compared with normal control mice.
Gold, Silver, and Electrum Electroless Plating on Additively Manufactured Laser Powder-Bed Fusion AlSi10Mg Parts: A Review (2021)

Additive manufacturing (AM) revolutionary technologies open new opportunities and challenges. They allow low-cost manufacturing of parts with complex geometries and short time-to-market of products that can be exclusively customized. Additive manufactured parts often need post-printing surface modification. This study aims to review novel environmental-friendly surface finishing process of 3D-printed AlSi10Mg parts by electroless deposition of gold, silver, and gold–silver alloy (e.g., electrum) and to propose a full process methodology suitable for effective metallization. This deposition technique is simple and low cost method, allowing the metallization of both conductive and insulating materials. The AlSi10Mg parts were produced by the additive manufacturing laser powder bed fusion (AM-LPBF) process. Gold, silver, and their alloys were chosen as coatings due to their esthetic appearance, good corrosion resistance, and excellent electrical and thermal conductivity. The metals were deposited on 3D-printed disk-shaped specimens at 80 and 90 °C using a dedicated surface activation method where special functionalization of the printed AlSi10Mg was performed to assure a uniform catalytic surface yielding a good adhesion of the deposited metal to the substrate. Various methods were used to examine the coating quality, including light microscopy, optical profilometry, XRD, X-ray fluorescence, SEM–energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), focused ion beam (FIB)-SEM, and XPS analyses. The results indicate that the developed coatings yield satisfactory quality, and the suggested surface finishing process can be used for many AM products and applications.
Time domain DNP with the NOVEL sequence (2015)

We present results of a pulsed dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) study at 0.35 T (9.7 GHz/14.7 MHz for electron/(1)H Larmor frequency) using a lab frame-rotating frame cross polarization experiment that employs electron spin locking fields that match the (1)H nuclear Larmor frequency, the so called NOVEL (nuclear orientation via electron spin locking) condition. We apply the method to a series of DNP samples including a single crystal of diphenyl nitroxide (DPNO) doped benzophenone (BzP), 1,3-bisdiphenylene-2-phenylallyl (BDPA) doped polystyrene (PS), and sulfonated-BDPA (SA-BDPA) doped glycerol/water glassy matrices. The optimal Hartman-Hahn matching condition is achieved when the nutation frequency of the electron matches the Larmor frequency of the proton, ω(1S) = ω(0I), together with possible higher order matching conditions at lower efficiencies. The magnetization transfer from electron to protons occurs on the time scale of ∼100 ns, consistent with the electron-proton couplings on the order of 1-10 MHz in these samples. In a fully protonated single crystal DPNO/BzP, at 270 K, we obtained a maximum signal enhancement of ε = 165 and the corresponding gain in sensitivity of ε(T1/T(B))(1/2)=230 due to the reduction in the buildup time under DNP. In a sample of partially deuterated PS doped with BDPA, we obtained an enhancement of 323 which is a factor of ∼3.2 higher compared to the protonated version of the same sample and accounts for 49% of the theoretical limit. For the SA-BDPA doped glycerol/water glassy matrix at 80 K, the sample condition used in most applications of DNP in nuclear magnetic resonance, we also observed a significant enhancement. Our findings demonstrate that pulsed DNP via the NOVEL sequence is highly efficient and can potentially surpass continuous wave DNP mechanisms such as the solid effect and cross effect which scale unfavorably with increasing magnetic field. Furthermore, pulsed DNP is also a promising avenue for DNP at high temperature.
The Effect of Weak Polymer Stabilization on the Switching Properties of Cholesteric Liquid Crystals (2009)

We examine the differences in electro-optical behavior of weakly polymer stabilized cholesteric liquid crystals (PSCLC) when formed using either a flood lit UV lamp, a flood lit UV laser, or a holographically patterned UV laser. Both samples formed with the UV laser exhibit symmetry in their dynamic electro-optical properties relative to the front and rear surface of the polymerized cell. These cells exhibit a reversible ∼100 nm blue shift tuning of the notch upon application of a field when the reflectivity is measured from either side. The UV lamp sample exhibits large differences in behavior when examined from the front or back relative to the direction of the polymerizing source. The front surface exhibits tuning of the notch while measurements from the back surface yield only the typical binary switching behavior of a CLC. The overall switching fields in flood lit UV laser and UV laser holographically patterned samples are also considerably lower. These differences are explained due to the presence of a strong polymer gradient across the cell gap in the UV lamp flood lit samples which is not present for the UV laser stabilized samples. We also present novel electro-optical results when these laser cured cells are examined in transmittance mode. Strong anchoring at the two surfaces causes a strong anisotropic local LC structure across the cell gap when a field is applied. The two local environments next to each surface act to strongly pin the CLC structure whereas within the bulk, ample reorientation of the LC molecules occurs. When probed in transmission, unusual fringe patterns which change with the strength of the applied field are observed.
Detection of Single Nanoparticles Using Photonic Crystal Enhanced Microscopy (2014)

We demonstrate a label-free biosensor imaging approach that utilizes a photonic-crystal surface to detect attachment of individual nanoparticles down to ~65×30×30nm3. Matching nanoparticle plasmon resonant-frequency to the photonic-crystal resonance substantially increases sensitivity of the approach.
Correlation of electric field and critical design parameters for ferroelectric tunable microwave filters (1999)

The correlation of electric field and critical design parameters such as the insertion loss, frequency ability return loss, and bandwidth of conductor/ferroelectric/dielectric microstrip tunable K-band microwave filters is discussed in this work. This work is based primarily on barium strontium titanate (BSTO) ferroelectric thin film based tunable microstrip filters for room temperature applications. Two new parameters which we believe will simplify the evaluation of ferroelectric thin films for tunable microwave filters, are defined. The first of these, called the sensitivity parameter, is defined as the incremental change in center frequency with incremental change in maximum applied electric field (EPEAK) in the filter. The other, the loss parameter, is defined as the incremental or decremental change in insertion loss of the filter with incremental change in maximum applied electric field. At room temperature, the Au/BSTO/LAO microstrip filters exhibited a sensitivity parameter value between 15 and 5 MHz/cm/kV. The loss parameter varied for different bias configurations used for electrically tuning the filter. The loss parameter varied from 0.05 to 0.01 dB/cm/kV at room temperature.