gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lipoxin A4 modulates adaptive immunity by decreasing memory B‐cell responses via an ALX/FPR2‐dependent mechanism (2013)

Specialized proresolving mediators are endogenous bioactive lipid molecules that play a fundamental role in the regulation of inflammation and its resolution. Lipoxins and other specialized proresolving mediators have been identified in important immunological tissues including bone marrow, spleen, and blood. Lipoxins regulate functions of the innate immune system including the promotion of monocyte recruitment and increase macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils. A major knowledge gap is whether lipoxins influence adaptive immune cells. Here, we analyzed the actions of lipoxin A₄ (LXA₄) and its receptor ALX/FPR2 on human and mouse B cells. LXA₄ decreased IgM and IgG production on activated human B cells through ALX/FPR2-dependent signaling, which downregulated NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. LXA₄ also inhibited human memory B-cell antibody production and proliferation, but not naïve B-cell function. Lastly, LXA₄ decreased antigen-specific antibody production in an OVA immunization mouse model. To our knowledge, this is the first description of the actions of lipoxins on human B cells, demonstrating a link between resolution signals and adaptive immunity. Regulating antibody production is crucial to prevent unwanted inflammation. Harnessing the ability of lipoxins to decrease memory B-cell antibody production can be beneficial to threat inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.
Myelinated, synapsing cultures of murine spinal cord – validation as an in vitro model of the central nervous system (2008)

Research in central nervous system (CNS) biology and pathology requires in vitro models, which, to recapitulate the CNS in vivo, must have extensive myelin and synapse formation under serum-free (defined) conditions. However, finding such a model has proven difficult. The technique described here produces dense cultures of myelinated axons, with abundant synapses and nodes of Ranvier, that are suitable for both morphological and biochemical analysis. Cellular and molecular events were easily visualised using conventional microscopy. Ultrastructurally, myelin sheaths were of the appropriate thickness relative to axonal diameter (G-ratio). Production of myelinated axons in these cultures was consistent and repeatable, as shown by statistical analysis of multiple experimental repeats. Myelinated axons were so abundant that from one litter of embryonic mice, myelin was produced in amounts sufficient for bulk biochemical analysis. This culture method was assessed for its ability to generate an in vitro model of the CNS that could be used for both neurobiological and neuropathological research. Myelin protein kinetics were investigated using a myelin fraction isolated from the cultures. This fraction was found to be superior, quantitatively and qualitatively, to the fraction recovered from standard cultures of dissociated oligodendrocytes, or from brain slices. The model was also used to investigate the roles of specific molecules in the pathogenesis of inflammatory CNS diseases. Using the defined conditions offered by this culture system, dose-specific, inhibitory effects of inflammatory cytokines on myelin formation were demonstrated, unequivocally. The method is technically quick, easy and reliable, and should have wide application to CNS research.
The Outcome of Phagocytic Cell Division with Infectious Cargo Depends on Single Phagosome Formation (2008)

Given that macrophages can proliferate and that certain microbes survive inside phagocytic cells, the question arises as to the post-mitotic distribution of microbial cargo. Using macrophage-like cells we evaluated the post-mitotic distribution of intracellular Cryptococcus yeasts and polystyrene beads by comparing experimental data to a stochastic model. For beads, the post-mitotic distribution was that expected from chance alone. However, for yeast cells the post-mitotic distribution was unequal, implying preferential sorting to one daughter cell. This mechanism for unequal distribution was phagosomal fusion, which effectively reduced the intracellular particle number. Hence, post-mitotic intracellular particle distribution is stochastic, unless microbial and/or host factors promote unequal distribution into daughter cells. In our system unequal cargo distribution appeared to benefit the microbe by promoting host cell exocytosis. Post-mitotic infectious cargo distribution is a new parameter to consider in the study of intracellular pathogens since it could potentially define the outcome of phagocytic-microbial interactions.
Blood–Brain Barrier Breakdown and Edema Formation following Frontal Cortical Contusion: Does Hormonal Status Play a Role? (1995)

The present experiment was designed to evaluate and correlate the time course of blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and cerebral edema in adult male rats given medial frontal cortex contusions. The effect of sex hormones on BBB integrity in the same injury model was also examined, because previous work has shown that progesterone can reduce cerebral edema (Roof et al., 1993). BBB breakdown was assessed by Evans blue extravasation and albumin immunostaining while edema formation was measured by the wet weight dry weight technique. These processes were examined beginning 2 h and continuing up to 10 days after injury. Our findings show that medial frontal contusion in rats produces changes in cerebral water content and opening of the BBB that endures at least 7 days postinjury. Although pseudopregnancy has been shown to reduce cerebral edema at day 1 postinjury, we did not find any evidence that this hormonal state is associated with BBB repair.
Reference configurations for ear-EEG steady-state responses (2016)

Ear-EEG is a non-invasive EEG recording method, where EEG is recorded from electrodes placed in the ear. Ear-EEG could be implemented into hearing aids, and provide neurofeedback for e.g. objective hearing assessment through measurements of the auditory steady-state response. In cases where the objective is to measure a specific feature of an event-related potential, there will be a subject specific optimal reference configuration. This work presents a method for optimizing the reference configuration for steady-state type potentials. For given electrode positions, the method maximizes the signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio of the first harmonic of the steady-state response. This is obtained by estimating a set of weights applied to the electrode signals. The method was validated on a dataset recorded from 12 subjects. The weights were estimated from one part of the dataset, and the validation was performed on another part of the dataset. For all subjects the proposed method demonstrated a robust SNR estimate, yielding on par or better SNR compared to other well-known methods.
Direct imaging of distorted vortex structures and magnetic vortex annihilation processes in ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic disk structures (2021)

Topological objects, such as magnetic vortices in soft-magnetic thin films, have attracted continued attention over the past 20 years for their unique magnetic reversal behavior and compelling potential applications. In exchange-coupled ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic microdisks, high-resolution magnetic force microscopy imaging reveals a distorted ferromagnetic vortex structure due to randomly distributed (nonplanar) uncompensated spins at the antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic interface. Further, in-field imaging and magneto-optical Kerr effect magnetometry demonstrate an unexpected increase in the stability of an otherwise somewhat volatile, intermediate vortex-antivortex state in exchange-coupled microdisks.
Mapfuser: an integrative toolbox for consensus map construction and Marey maps (2017)

Abstract Motivation Where standalone tools for genetic map visualisation, consensus map construction, and Marey map analysis offer useful analyses for research and breeding, no single tool combines the three. Manual data curation is part of each of these analyses, which is difficult to standardize and consequently error prone. Results Mapfuser provides a high-level interface for common analyses in breeding programs and quantitative genetics. Combined with interactive visualisations and automated quality control, mapfuser provides a standardized and flexible toolbox and is available as Shiny app for biologists. Reproducible research in the R package is facilitated by storage of raw data, function parameters, and results in an R object. In the shiny app a rmarkdown report is available. Availability Mapfuser is available as R package at https://github.com/dmuijen/mapfuser under the GPL-3 License and is available for public use as Shiny application at https://plantbreeding.shinyapps.io/mapfuser . Documentation for the R package is available as package vignette. Shiny app documentation is integrated in the application. Contact dennis.vanmuijen@wur.nl
ChemInform Abstract: POSSIBLE PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGICAL AGENTS. X. SYNTHESIS OF SOME FLUORINE‐CONTAINING INDOLE‐2,3‐DIONE DERIVATIVES (1980)

Abstract Pharmakologische Untersuchungen der synthetisierten Indol‐Derivate (III) , (VI) und (XII) zeigen, daß die Produkte (III) ‐ mit freien Ketogruppen in 2‐ und 3‐Stellung ‐ beachtliche depressive Aktivität aufweisen; diese Aktivität nimmt bei den Indolen (VI) ab und ist bei den Triazinoindolen (XII) völlig zu vernachlässigen.
Composite Films from Pectin and Fish Skin Gelatin or Soybean Flour Protein (2007)

Composite films were prepared from pectin and fish skin gelatin (FSG) or pectin and soybean flour protein (SFP). The inclusion of protein promoted molecular interactions, resulting in a well-organized homogeneous structure, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy and fracture-acoustic emission analysis. The resultant composite films showed an increase in stiffness and strength and a decrease in water solubility and water vapor transmission rate, in comparison with films cast from pectin alone. The composite films inherited the elastic nature of proteins, thus being more flexible than the pure pectin films. Treating the composite films with glutaraldehyde/methanol induced chemical cross-linking with the proteins and reduced the interstitial spaces among the macromolecules and, consequently, improved their mechanical properties and water resistance. Treating the protein-free pectin films with glutaraldehyde/methanol also improved the Young's modulus and tensile strength, but showed little effect on the water resistance, because the treatment caused only dehydration of the pectin films and the dehydration is reversible. The composite films were biodegradable and possessed moderate mechanical properties and a low water vapor transmission rate. Therefore, the films are considered to have potential applications as packaging or coating materials for food or drug industries.
The sustainability of new technologies in vehicular transportation (2011)

This paper compares the sustainability of three new technologies in vehicular transportation which consist of (1) innovations in the fuel the vehicles use and (2) innovations in the vehicle design itself. An array of vehicle platforms, which consist of different vehicle designs and fuels types, are modeled and a life cycle analysis (LCA) is performed to find the total energy consumption and emissions of each model. As high energy consumption and pollution become growing concerns, this paper aims to provide a better understanding of where new advancements in vehicular technology should be focused.
Ozanimod for moderate-to-severe Ulcerative Colitis (UC): efficacy, safety, and histology results from the induction and maintenance periods of the Phase 3 TRUE NORTH Study (2021)

Introduction Ozanimod (OZA), an oral sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulator that selectively targets S1P1 and S1P5, demonstrated efficacy and safety in patients (pts) with moderate-to-severe UC in the phase 2 study TOUCHSTONE (NCT01647516).
Optimized modeling of powder-based x-ray scintillator screen for improved total efficiency by double-layer scintillator design (Conference Presentation) (2017)

Powder-based flat panel X-ray scintillator screen has been widely used in many medical fields for diagnosis and measurement. For the proper application in medical field, high dose usage and high image quality are required. In this study, double-layer scintillator design is suggested for improving total efficiency with using theoretical x-ray absorption model and Mie-scattering-based Monte-Carlo (LightTools) analysis. Optimized scintillator layer design would be proposed with respect to the medical fields’ sufficient resolution-functionality.
Supplementary table 6 from Low Cancer Stem Cell Marker Expression and Low Hypoxia Identify Good Prognosis Subgroups in HPV(−) HNSCC after Postoperative Radiochemotherapy: A Multicenter Study of the DKTK-ROG (2023)

&lt;p&gt;A. Correlation of CSC marker expressions. B. Multivariate analyses of stem cell markers and additional prognostic factors for all patients. HR = hazard ratio; 95% CI = 95 percent confidence interval ; ECE = extracapsular extension. C. Correlation of CSC marker expression and HPV16 DNA.&lt;/p&gt;
Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase‐2 Gene Delivery Ameliorates Postinfarction Cardiac Remodeling (2011)

Adenoviral mediated myocardial delivery of the TIMP-2 gene improves post-MI survival and limits adverse remodeling in a murine model of MI.
ChemInform Abstract: A METAL ATOM MODEL FOR THE OXIDATION OF CARBON MONOXIDE TO CARBON DIOXIDE. THE GOLD ATOM‐CARBON MONOXIDE‐DIOXYGEN REACTION AND THE GOLD ATOM‐CARBON DIOXID REACTION (1977)

Abstract Durch Cokondensation von Au‐Atomen mit äquimolaren Mischungen von 12060/ 1°C O, bei 10°K wird eine Verbindung erzeugt, die bei 30‐40°Kals ′2C"O2‐Spender fungiert.
Image compression with adaptive Haar-Walsh tilings (2000)

We perform adaptive joint space and frequency tilings including all levels in the Haar-Walsh wavelet packet tree for 2D signals. The method gives surprisingly good results in terms of nonlinear approximation. The visual quality of the compressed images with this method is the same as the quality using twice the number of coefficients for wavelets and standard wavelet packets when Haar filters are used. When all levels are allowed the cost for description of the location of the winning coefficients is not negligible. A tiling information vector is introduced for description of the chosen basis and the original image can be easily and quickly reconstructed using this information. For image compression, this tilting information vector is compressed to only those nodes which correspond to kept coefficients, and this makes the adaptive scheme competitive.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Route of Administration Modulates the Induction of Dendritic Cell Vaccine–Induced Antigen-Specific T Cells in Advanced Melanoma Patients (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 41K, Clinical protocol and immunization schedule.&lt;/p&gt;
A customized stand-alone photometric Raman sensor applicable in explosive atmospheres: a proof-of-concept study (2018)

Abstract. This paper presents an explosion-proof two-channel Raman photometer designed for chemical process monitoring in hazardous explosive atmospheres. Due to its design, alignment of components is simplified and economic in comparison to spectrometer systems. Raman spectrometers have the potential of becoming an increasingly important tool in process analysis technologies as part of molecular-specific concentration monitoring. However, in addition to the required laser power, which restricts use in potentially explosive atmospheres, the financial hurdle is also high. Within the scope of a proof of concept, it is shown that photometric measurements of Raman scattering are possible. The use of highly sensitive detectors allows the required excitation power to be reduced to levels compliant for operation in potentially explosive atmospheres. The addition of an embedded platform enables stable use as a self-sufficient sensor, since it carries out all calculations internally. Multi-pixel photon counters (MPPCs) with large detection areas of 1350 µm2 are implemented as detectors. As a result, the sensitivity of the sensor is strongly increased. This gain in sensitivity is primarily achieved through two characteristics: first, the operating principle “avalanche breakdown” to detect single photons is used; second, the size of the image projected onto the MPPC is much bigger than the pixel area in competing Raman-Spectrometers resulting in higher photon flux. This combination enables reduction of the required excitation power to levels compliant for operation in potentially explosive atmospheres. All presented experiments are performed with strongly attenuated laser power of 35 mW. These include the monitoring of the analytes ethanol and hydrogen peroxide as well as the reversible binding of CO2 to amine. Accordingly, the described embedded sensor is ideally suited as a process analytical technology (PAT) tool for applications in environments with limitations on power input.
High-Performance Gas Sensing of CO:  Comparative Tests for Semiconducting (SnO2-Based) and for Amperometric Gas Sensors (1999)

A comparison of the stability and sensitivity for two different sensor types (semiconductor SnO(2) devices, amperometric electrochemical sensors) has been performed. Sensitivities and drifts in the signal and in the background for various concentrations of CO have been studied for thick-film SnO(2) sensors (Pt and Pd doped) for a period in excess of 8 months. Similar performance data have been recorded for commercial amperometric sensors for a period in excess of 4 years. The two different sensor types investigated here were also compared to the well-known commercial Figaro TGS 822 sensor at similar concentrations. An objective approach for comparing different types of sensors has been developed using the "analytical sensitivity".
Transmission of 256Gb/s PM-16QAM Signal through 7-Core MCF and MC-EDFA with Common Cladding and Variable Shared Core Pumping for Reduction of Power Consumption (2017)

We transmit 256Gb/s PM-16QAM signal through 385km with 7-core MCF, passing 7 times a MC-EDFA with common cladding and variable shared core pumping. The MC-EDFA enables 23% reduction of power consumption while received Q value varied within ±0.17dB.
Transnasal introduction catheter, a new platform for imaging and biopsying the gastrointestinal (GI) tract (Conference Presentation) (2019)

Upper endoscopy is a standard technique for imaging, sampling, and treating gastrointestinal tissue. Endoscopy is frequently requiring the subjects who undergo the procedure be consciously sedated. Sedation necessitates that the endoscopy procedure be conducted in a specialized setting to mitigate complications should they arise. Endoscopy is further problematic for infants and young children (aged 0-24 months) who sometimes need to be anesthetized. These issues motivate alternative methods for upper gastrointestinal tract visualization and biopsy that do not require conscious sedation/anesthesia. To address this need, we have developed a double lumen 6.5 Fr transnasal introduction catheter (TNIC). During transnasal insertion, real-time OCT imaging provides confirmation of the anatomical location of the device. Once in the stomach, a safe and high-density liquid metal fills a balloon at the distal tip of the TNIC, allowing it to passively transit through stomach into the small intestine. Once properly positioned, OCT-guided instruments for imaging and biopsy can be inserted through main lumen of the TNIC, performing many of the functions of conventional endoscopy and advanced endomicroscopy. To test the feasibility of the TNIC, we conducted a clinical study using the first version of the device in 4 unsedated normal volunteers. Results showed detailed OCT endomicroscopy images of the esophagi and duodena. These results suggest that TNIC may be an effective, less invasive method for the diagnosis of upper GI tract conditions.
Somos conflictivos, pero... Actualidad de la tesis de Kant sobre la insociable sociabilidad de los humanos y su prolongación por parte de Hegel (2007)

En este artículo abordamos la tesis de Kant sobre la insociable sociabilidad de los humanos y algunos temas conexos como la paz perpetua, el cosmopolitismo y el patriotismo, así como su continuación por parte de Hegel. En la tesis kantiana vemos un marco más adecuado para observar la realidad actual que el ofrecido por muchas de las teorías políticas y sociales más en uso. A pesar de que Kant era sin duda un filósofo moral, la tesis mencionada responde a cierta desconfianza sobrevenida hacia los meros imperativos morales. Estos últimos, por sí mismos, resultan ineficaces para «humanizar a la humanidad ». La racionalidad pasada por el lenguaje es lo que más nos distingue como especie. Sin embargo, probablemente no sea esto lo que más nos constituya como individuos de esta especie. La insociable sociabilidad, que caracteriza la doble pulsión conflictiva y cooperativa de los humanos, supone un concepto- marco que permite pensar mejor las dificultades actuales de las democracias, tanto en la esfera internacional como en el de proceder a una acomodación política estable de su pluralismo interno de carácter cultural y, en su caso, de carácter nacional. Kant y Hegel son filósofos de la historia porque esta última ofrece ejemplos de la superación de muchos conflictos mediante la política. Desde una perspectiva contemporánea, la insociable sociabilidad es un concepto que complementa tanto en sus dimensiones individuales (Kant) como sociopolíticas (Hegel) lo que también resulta ser un rasgo insuperable del mundo contemporáneo: el pluralismo de valores, intereses, e identidades que habitualmente revisten un carácter agonístico y que remiten a componentes emocionales.
Implementation of a Novel Silicon Heterojunction IBC Process Flow Using Partial Etching of Doped a-Si:H with Efficiencies Close to 23% (2018)

We present a novel process sequence to simplify the rear-side patterning of the heterojunction IBC cells. In this approach, interdigitated strips of a-Si:H (i/p+) and a-Si:H (i/n+) are achieved by partially etching a blanket a-Si:H (i/p+) stack through a hard mask to remove only the p+ a-Si:H layer and replace it in situ with an n+ a-Si:H layer. This eliminates the ex situ wet clean after dry etch and also prevents re-exposure of the c-Si surface during rear-side processing. High-quality passivation and contact resistance comparable to reference translates into cell performance that is also similar to that of cells from the reference process. The best cell has an efficiency of 22.9% and VOC close to 730 mV, demonstrating that the developed partial etch process sequence can be successfully implemented to achieve cell performance comparable to reference, but with a simpler process.