gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Trellis-based scalar-vector quantizer for memoryless sources (1994)

The paper describes a structured vector quantization approach for stationary memoryless sources that combines the scalar-vector quantizer (SVQ) ideas (Laroia and Farvardin, 1993) with trellis coded quantization (Marcellin and Fischer, 1990). The resulting quantizer is called the trellis-based scalar-vector quantizer (TB-SVQ). The SVQ structure allows the TB-SVQ to realize a large boundary gain while the underlying trellis code enables it to achieve a significant portion of the total granular gain. For large block-lengths and powerful (possibly complex) trellis codes the TB-SVQ can, in principle, achieve the rate-distortion bound. As indicated by the results obtained, even for reasonable block-lengths and relatively simple trellis codes, the TB-SVQ outperforms all other fixed-rate quantizers at reasonable complexity.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Structural organization of human genomic DNA encoding the pro-opiomelanocortin peptide. (1980)

We have isolated a human genomic DNA segment encoding the corticotropin-beta-lipotropin precursor peptide from a fetal DNA library, using previously cloned bovine cDNA for this peptide as a probe. The human genomic DNA was studied by electron microscope heteroduplex analysis and gel blotting methods, and its nucleotide sequence was determined and compared with that of cDNA corresponding to bovine pro-opiomelanocortin mRNA. From this sequence, segments of interspecies conservation and divergence, punctuated by pairs of the basic amino acid residues lysine and arginine, were identified. No noncoding intervening sequence was observed over an 830-base-pair DNA segment extending from a position near the 5' end of the structural pro-opiomelanocortin gene through the 3' terminus of the cDNA and including sequences for the component peptide hormones corticotropin and beta-lipotropin.
Efficient emission of positronium atoms from an Na-coated polycrystalline tungsten surface (2013)

Time-of-flight spectra for the ortho-positronium emitted from clean and Na-coated tungsten surfaces have been measured using the pulsed slow positron beam at KEK-IMSS slow positron facility. Emission efficiency of positronium from the Na-coated sample was found to be several times greater than that from uncoated tungsten surfaces.
THE EFFECTS OF CLONIDINE ON ELECTRICALLY‐INDUCED CONTRACTIONS OF RAT DETRUSOR STRIPS IN VITRO (1983)

Clonidine (10(-9)-3 X 10(-6) M) produced a concentration dependent inhibition of field stimulation-induced contractions of rat detrusor muscle strip at 0.1 and 1 Hz which were completely abolished by tetrodotoxin (5 X 10(-7) M) but were unaffected by hexamethonium (10(-5) M). Pretreatment with yohimbine (10(-8)-10(-7) M) did not modify the amplitude of contractions but produced a rightward parallel shift of clonidine's cumulative response curve without a depression of the maximal response. The corresponding pA2 value for yohimbine was 8.44 +/- 0.1. Atropine (3 X 10(-6) M) produced a partial inhibition of contractions at both frequencies. In the presence of atropine the cumulative response curve of clonidine was significantly reduced at 1 but not at 0.1 Hz. Indomethacin (5 X 10(-5) M) and theophylline (2 X 10(-4) M) produced a partial inhibition of amplitude of contractions at both frequencies without any interference with the effect of a supramaximal concentration of clonidine. Prazosin (10(-6) M), propranolol (10(-6) M), chlorpheniramine (10(-6) M), ranitidine (10(-6) M), haloperidol (10(-7) M), pizotifen (10(-6) M), naloxone (10(-6) M), quinidine (10(-6) M), strychnine (10(-5) M) or picrotoxin (10(-5) M) neither affected the amplitude of contractions at either frequency nor antagonized clonidine effects. The contractile response of non stimulated strips to acetylcholine (10(-5) M), carbachol (3 X 10(-6) M) and ATP (10(-3) M) were not significantly influenced by pretreatment with clonidine (3 X 10(-6) M). These results suggest that stimulation of prejunctional alpha 2-adrenoreceptors located on postganglionic nerve endings might reduce the output of excitatory neurotransmitter(s) in rat urinary bladder.
Evaluation of track performance for EUV lithography (2009)

One of the biggest issues in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography technology is resist material development to improve optimum exposure dose and reduce line edge roughness (LER)/ line width roughness (LWR) and resolution. In order to attain these development targets, various kinds of challenges and innovative ideas are addressed by resist material researchers, for instance, introduction of polymer with lower molecular weight and increase of photo acid generator (PAG) addition amount have been presented. It is expected that these changes of resist materials will have big influence on not only general lithography performance but also track performance. In this paper, the application performance of EUV photoresist material, especially the spread behavior of photoresist just after resist dispense for a coating process, is evaluated using the model resist, dynamic contact angle measurement of resist material, dynamic drop base diameter measurement of resist droplet and so on. We have found that resist materials with small polymer size and high PAG loading have low spread property. From these results, we propose a new hypothesis that localized distribution of solid components that is formed just after resist dispense remains in a resist film after pre-baking and impacts resist performance.
Imaging CD19<sup>+</sup> B Cells in an Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Mouse Model using Positron Emission Tomography (2023)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) disease affecting young adults, often resulting in neurological deficits and disability as the disease progresses. B lymphocytes play a complex and critical role in MS pathology and are the target of several therapeutics in clinical trials. Currently, there is no way to accurately select patients for specific anti-B cell therapies or to non-invasively quantify the effects of these treatments on B cell load in the CNS and peripheral organs. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has enormous potential to provide highly specific, quantitative information regarding the in vivo spatiotemporal distribution and burden of B cells in living subjects. This paper reports methods to synthesize and employ a PET tracer specific for human CD19+ B cells in a well-established B cell-driven mouse model of MS, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), which is induced with human recombinant myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 1-125. Described here are optimized techniques to detect and quantify CD19+ B cells in the brain and spinal cord using in vivo PET imaging. Additionally, this paper reports streamlined methods for ex vivo gamma counting of disease-relevant organs, including bone marrow, spinal cord, and spleen, together with high-resolution autoradiography of CD19 tracer binding in CNS tissues.
Le grand gaspillage des collectivités locales (Interview) (2012)

Premier paragraphe :\nLa décentralisation n'est pas seule responsable de l'explosion des dépenses des élus locaux depuis dix ans. Le réseau territorial est devenu un maquis opaque: doublons, financements croisés, enchevêtrements... Le chef de l'Etat saura-t-il le clarifier?
Nucleic acids encoding mosaic conserved region HIV immunogenic polypeptides (2023)

Disclosed herein are mosaic conserved region HIV polypeptides and immunogenic polypeptides including one or more of the mosaic conserved region polypeptides. In some embodiments, the immunogenic polypeptides are included in an immunogenic composition, such as a polyvalent immunogenic composition. Also disclosed herein are methods for treating or inhibiting HIV in a subject including administering one or more of the disclosed immunogenic polypeptides or compositions to a subject having or at risk of HIV infection. In some embodiments, the methods include inducing an immune response in a subject comprising administering to the subject at least one of the disclosed immunogenic polypeptides or a nucleic acid encoding at least one of the immunogenic polypeptides.
Ion-solvation reactions of phosphine (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIon-solvation reactions of phosphineJ. W. Long and J. L. FranklinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 8, 2320–2327Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00815a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00815a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views117Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Vanadium phosphate: a new look at the active components of catalysts for the oxidation of butane to maleic anhydride (2004)

Vanadium phosphate catalysts have been extensively studied since the 1960s, when it was discovered that they are effective catalysts for the oxidation of butane to maleic anhydride. They represent the sole example of a commercialised material for the catalytic oxidation of an alkane. To date several hundred papers have been devoted to their study. Yet, virtually all studies have concentrated on two specific phases, namely the vanadyl hemihydrate precursor, VOHPO4·0.5H2O, which is converted into vanadyl pyrophosphate, (VO)2P2O7, which most researchers consider to be the active component of vanadium phosphate catalysts. In this feature article the nature of the active catalyst components is revisited and new approaches being pioneered in the synthesis of vanadium phosphates are described. In particular, detailed comments are made concerning the method of preparation and the role of crystalline and amorphous vanadium phosphate catalysts.
Associative synaptic plasticity in hippocampal CA1 neurons is not sensitive to unpaired presynaptic activity (1996)

1. Hebbian or associative synaptic plasticity has been proposed to play an important role in learning and memory. Whereas many behaviorally relevant stimuli are time-varying, most experimental and theoretical work on synaptic plasticity has focused on stimuli or induction protocols without temporal structure. Recent theoretical studies have suggested that associative plasticity sensitive to only the conjunction of pre- and postsynaptic activity is not an effective learning rule for networks required to learn time-varying stimuli. Our goal in the current experiment was to determine whether associative long-term potentiation (LTP) is sensitive to temporal structure. We examined whether the presentation of unpaired presynaptic pulses in addition to paired pre- and postsynaptic activity altered the induction of associative LTP. 2. By using intracellular recordings from CA1 pyramidal cells, associative long-term potentiation (LTP) was induced in a control pathway by pairing a single presynaptic pulse with postsynaptic depolarization every 5 s (50-70 x). The experimental pathway received the same training, with additional unpaired presynaptic pulses delivered in close temporal proximity, either after or before associative pairing. Five separate sets of experiments were performed with intervals of -200, -50, +50, +200, or +800 ms. Negative intervals indicate that the unpaired presynaptic pulse was presented before the depolarizing pulse. Our results showed that the presence of unpaired presynaptic pulses, occurring either before or after pairing, did not significantly alter the magnitude of LTP. 3. The experimental design permitted an analysis of whether changes in paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) occur as a result of associative LTP. The average degree of PPF was the same before and after LTP. However, there was a significant inverse correlation between the initial degree of PPF and the degree of PPF after LTP. There was no relationship between the change in PPF, and whether the first or second pulse had been paired with depolarization. 4. These results indicate that the presence of unpaired presynaptic pulses does not alter the induction of synaptic plasticity, suggesting that plasticity of the Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapse is primarily conjunctive rather than correlative.
Effect of availability and acceptability of lethal instruments on suicide mortality AN ANALYSIS OF SOME INTERNATIONAL DATA (1980)

Suicide mortality in the 5 years 1969-73 in 11 countries is examined in relation to the methods used. Some countries have substantially high suicide rates for each method, others have increased mortality for certain specific methods. In this latter group it is suggested that some of the variations in total suicide mortality can be explained by variations in either the availability or the acceptability of certain specific instruments for causing death, particularly domestic gas, firearms and hanging.
OX40L-JAG1–Induced Expansion of Lineage-Stable Regulatory T Cells Involves Noncanonical NF-κB Signaling (2019)

Foxp3<sup>+</sup>T regulatory cells (Tregs) control autoimmune response by suppressing proliferation and effector functions of self-reactive Foxp3<sup>-</sup>CD4<sup>+</sup>/CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells and thereby maintain the critical balance between self-tolerance and autoimmunity. Earlier, we had shown that OX40L-JAG1 cosignaling mediated through their cognate receptors OX40 and Notch3 preferentially expressed on murine Tregs can selectively induce their proliferation in the absence of TCR stimulation. However, the differential molecular mechanisms regulating TCR-independent versus TCR-dependent Treg proliferation and lineage stability of the expanded Tregs remained unknown. In this study, we show that OX40L-JAG1 treatment induced TCR-independent proliferation of Tregs in the thymus and periphery. The use of Src kinase inhibitor permitted us to demonstrate selective inhibition of TCR-dependent T cell proliferation with little to no effect on OX40L-JAG1-induced TCR-independent Treg expansion in vitro, which was critically dependent on noncanonical NF-κB signaling. OX40L-JAG1-expanded Tregs showed sustained lineage stability as indicated by stable demethylation marks in Treg signature genes such as <i>Foxp3, Il2ra, Ctla4, Ikzf2,</i> and <i>Ikzf4.</i> Furthermore, OX40L-JAG1 treatment significantly increased CTLA4<sup>+</sup> and TIGIT<sup>+</sup> Tregs and alleviated experimental autoimmune thyroiditis in mice. Relevance of our findings to humans became apparent when human OX40L and JAG1 induced TCR-independent selective expansion of human Tregs in thymocyte cultures and increased human Tregs in the liver tissue of humanized NSG mice. Our findings suggest that OX40L-JAG1-induced TCR-independent Treg proliferation is a conserved mechanism that can be used to expand lineage-stable Tregs to treat autoimmune diseases.
Reciprocal screw-based force-closure of an n-DOF open chain: Minimum number of cables required to fully constrain it (2011)

Due to the unilateral driving property of cables, it has been mathematically proven that a 6-DOF single rigid-bodied cable-driven platform requires a minimum of 7 cables with positive tension to fully constrain it. However, force-closure analysis of open chains driven by cables is still an open question. For the case of an n-DOF open chain driven by cables, two important questions arise: (i) Are n+1 cables sufficient to fully constrain the entire chain? (ii) How can force-closure analysis be carried out for a given cable routing configuration while retaining the geometric insights of the problem? This paper will address these issues and propose a systematic and novel approach based on the reciprocal screw theory. The analysis shows that the entire n-DOF open chain requires a minimum of n+1 cables to fully constrain it and the proposed methodology can analyze any cable routing configuration.
P‐134: Synthesis of Host Material for Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Derived From Bicarbazole Backbone Structure (2015)

4,4′‐(9,9′‐[2,3′‐bicarbazole]‐9,9′‐diyl) bis(N,N‐di‐p‐tolylaniline) (44BBDT) was synthesized between 9H,9′H‐2,3′‐bicarbazole and 4‐bromo‐N,N‐di‐p‐tolylaniline as a host material in blue phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes (PHOLEDs). This material showed high triplet energy above 2.78 eV. The highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital were ‐5.76 eV and ‐2.47 eV, respectively. The 44BBDT was applied as the host material of the blue triplet emitter derived from phenylimidazole ligand and the 44BBDT device showed maximum external quantum efficiency of 17.8% with low driving voltage.
Advent and Maturation of Regenerative Medicine (2012)

The field of regenerative medicine (RM), encompassing stem cell (SC) technologies, therapeutics, tissue engineering (TE), biomaterials, scaffolds and other enabling technologies provides a wide gamut of tools and tracks to combat, manage and hopefully cure serious human and animal injuries, dysfunctions and diseases. This review illustrates the trends that are becoming the major platforms in this field. The last 10 years in itself has seen major definitive observations, including multi-track directives of adult stem cell translational technologies, tissue and organ engineering protocols, iPS cell applications and understanding of the role of cancer stem cells to develop effective anti-cancer regimens. With the rapid advances of RM translational research, further advances are expected to be implemented for personalized repair and curative outcomes. RM future is bright although laden with challenges of global fragmentation which needs coherent consolidation, stringent cost and time effective regulation and long-term funding mechanisms, so clinical and diagnostic solutions are realized and recognized to combat unmet medical needs.
Applying index of circulating anticoagulant to mixing tests with lupus anticoagulant screen and confirm reagents can distinguish with high specificity between lupus anticoagulants and direct factor Xa inhibitors (2021)

The ICA matrix achieved high specificity with a lower apparent sensitivity for DiXaI samples comparatively to other devices but due only to less interferences: the matrix could contribute to differentiating DiXaIs from LA in samples where anticoagulation status is unknown.
RADIO WAVE PROPAGATION IN PERPENDICULAR STREETS OF URBAN STREET GRID FOR MICROCELLULAR COMMUNICATIONS. PART I: CHANNEL MODELING - ABSTRACT (2003)

This paper proposes a spatial variant wideband propagation model for perpendicular street of urban street grid. Analytical expression of the spatial variant multi-ray channel transfer function is derived. The model provides characteristics of each ray in explicit expressions. The ray characteristics are given in terms of complex amplitude for both vertical and horizontal polarizations, path length, angle of arrival and departure. A set membership criteria is proposed to determine the coupling radio paths. The proposed model is not only capable in providing macroscopic quantities like mean field values and mean delay spread, but also the full wideband channel information, i.e., space dependent complex channel responses with a high time dispersion resolution. The proposed model can be used for studying different propagation problems in urban street grid for microcellular communications with applications e.g., antenna diversity techniques, multi-input multi-output (MIMO) channel capacity analysis, etc.
A dual channel IF-digitizing IC with 117dB dynamic range at 300Mhz IF for EDGE/GSM base-stations [receiver] (2004)

An integrated circuit is presented which receives an input IF frequency in the range of 70-300 MHz, and achieves 117 dB of dynamic range in a 200 kHz bandwidth (BW). An automatic-gain-control (AGC) loop is placed around the analog-to-digital converter (ADC). Amplitude-modulation (AM) caused by gain switching is corrected digitally.
A distributed programming platform using mobile agents (2002)

Current distributed computing is based on rigid paradigms such as client server computing, that lack run-time adaptive behaviour. The designer of such systems has to consider all possibilities during the design stage and the services that are offered remain constant until a new re-design is done. Although there have been attempts to provide different programming languages that consider programming both distributed and non distributed applications the same, the two remain however different. New paradigms are needed that consider factors such as dynamic adaptability, interaction, ability to monitor and react to the environment, mobility, network latency, partial failure and concurrency. We show that the agent based programming paradigm, agent-ware, is closer to fulfilling some of these requirements and describe the proposed Agentware Virtual Machine (AVM), a generic distributed agent-based computing environment. With the emergence of intelligent agent-based technology, a number of distributed applications are being re-engineered taking advantage of this new design methodology.
Cellular mechanisms of ventricular failure: myocyte kinetics and geometry with age (1992)

To determine whether heart failure is a consequence of alterations in cardiac cellular performance, myocytes were isolated from Fischer 344 rats at 4, 12, 20, and 29 mo of age and studied mechanically and morphometrically. Left ventricular myocyte length increased by 14.5, 14.4, and 24.0% at 12, 20, and 29 mo when compared with 4-mo-old animals. An 11.4 and 14.2% increase in length was seen for right ventricular myocytes from 4 to 12 mo and from 20 to 29 mo, respectively. Although no change in cell width was seen in either ventricle as a function of age, myocardial cells were more irregular in shape and consistently longer in the left ventricle at 20 and 29 mo. Left myocytes at 29 mo revealed diminished velocities of shortening (31.7%) and relengthening (59.5%). Contraction duration increased due to a 28.9% prolongation of time to peak shortening and a 26.5% increase in time to relengthening, resulting in a 25.8% decrease in myocyte shortening at 29 mo. Similar changes were observed in right ventricular myocytes, but they occurred later in life. Thus the alterations in myocyte geometry and depression in contractile performance seen here are major contributors to the eccentric dilated ventricular chamber and diminished pump function previously documented in the age-related transition from normal cardiac dynamics to left ventricular dysfunction and failure.