gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Production of C60 (Buckminsterfullerene), C60H36, and the Solvated Buckide Ion. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Heterogeneity of active species in metallocene catalysts (1995)

Abstract From a detailed analysis of poly[ethylene‐ co ‐(1‐hexene)] obtained with typical metallocene catalysts, it was found that metallocene catalysts give two kinds of copolymers which differ in crystallinity. It may be thus plausible to assume that there are two kinds of active species in metallocene catalysts.
Summary of cleanliness discussion: Where was the SOHO cleanliness programme really effective? (2002)

The working group on cleanliness has been formed to recapitulate for each instrument the measures taken during the SOHO cleanliness programme and their effects. U. Schuhle, together with B. Kent and R. Thomas, has collected the individual instruments’ input to a catalogue of questions reviewing their efforts and experience. Thus, an open and straightforward discussion of the cleanliness issues for the individual instruments is presented. The actions during design and assembly as well as experience in-flight are summarized and commented with hindsight. Special emphasis has been given to the phase of extreme conditions during SOHO’s loss-of-attitude.
Correction to “Analysis of Dual-Infeed HVDC With LCC-HVDC and VSC-HVDC” [Jul 12 1529-1537] (2012)

In the above-named article [ibid., vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 1529-1537, Jul. 2012] at the bottom of page 1529, left-hand footnote, the affiliation of the first author was switched. It should now read: "C. Guo is with the State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China (e-mail: chunyiguo@gmail.com), and also with the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada."
Comparison of Stand-alone Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion Versus Open Laminectomy and Posterolateral Instrumented Fusion in the Treatment of Adjacent Segment Disease Following Previous Lumbar Fusion Surgery (2019)

3.
HIP-based RFID Networking Architecture (2007)

This paper introduces a new model dedicated to the Internet of Thing that interacts with active RFIDs. Instead of targeting IP stacks implementation in tags, we plan to support the Host Identity Protocol, which dissociates IP address and host location and that has been recently defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). We propose an architecture, in which a PORTAL entity realizes the bridge between classical IP world (compatible with the EPCglobal infrastructure) and HIP domains, dealing with a constellation of readers and tags.
Toll-like Receptor Expression and Activation in Astroglia: Differential Regulation by HIV-1 Tat, gp120, and Morphine (2011)

In this study, we aimed to determine whether morphine alone or in combination with HIV-1 Tat or gp120 affects the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) by astrocytes and to assess whether TLRs expressed by astrocytes function in the release of inflammatory mediators in vitro. TLR profiling by immunofluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, in-cell westerns, and RT-PCR showed that subpopulations of astrocytes possessed TLR 2, TLR3, TLR4, and TLR9 antigenicity. Exposure to HIV-1 Tat, gp120, and/or morphine significantly altered the proportion of TLR-immunopositive and/or TLR expression by astroglia in a TLR-specific manner. Subsets of astroglia displayed significant increases in TLR2 with reciprocal decreases in TLR9 expression in response to Tat or gp120 ± morphine treatment. TLR9 expression was also significantly decreased by morphine alone. Exposing astrocytes to the TLR agonists LTA (TLR2), poly I:C (TLR3), LPS (TLR4) and unmethylated CpG ODN (TLR9) resulted in increased secretion of MCP-1/CCL2 and elevations in reactive oxygen species. TLR3 and TLR4 stimulation increased the secretion of TNF-α, IL-6, and RANTES/CCL5, while activation of TLR2 caused a significant increase in nitric oxide levels. The results suggest that HIV-1 proteins and/or opioid abuse disrupt the innate immune response of the central nervous system (CNS) which may lead to increased pathogenicity.
Diffusivity measurements in polymers: IV. Acid diffusion in chemically amplified resists (1997)

Many of the strategies for sub 0.25 micrometer lithography depend on chemically amplified resists to provide sensitivity. For example, glass damage limits the dose that can be delivered at 193 nm, and source brightness limits the dose that can be delivered in the EUV. However, acid diffusion, an integral part of the chemical amplification process, dramatically affects the lithographic performance of chemically amplified resists. The transport properties of Bronsted acids in glassy polymers have been estimated from a variety of indirect measurements. We have, for the first time, directly measured the diffusion coefficients of acids in polymer films. A quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) was used to make the measurements. The QCM can detect small changes in mass which is indicated by a shift in the resonant frequency of the piezoelectric quartz crystal (see the accompanying paper 'Diffusivity measurements in Polymers, Part III: Quartz Crystal Microbalance Techniques'). The experiments were conducted at different temperatures in order to establish the dependence of the diffusion coefficient on temperature. Acid diffusion in poly(hydroxystyrene) is discussed. The results obtained from the diffusion experiments have been used in lithographic simulation (PROLITH). Results of acid diffusion in poly(hydroxystyrene) are discussed.
Bonding Matters (2017)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTBonding MattersGiancarlo Terraneo and Giuseppe ResnatiView Author Information Laboratory of Nanostructured Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering, "Giulio Natta," Politecnico di MilanoCite this: Cryst. Growth Des. 2017, 17, 4, 1439–1440Publication Date (Web):April 5, 2017Publication History Published online5 April 2017Published inissue 5 April 2017https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.cgd.7b00309https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.7b00309editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2017 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views896Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (180 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Crystal structure,Elements,Molecules,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Entrance Effects on Diffused Film-Cooling Holes (1998)

Film-cooling is a widely used method of prolonging blade life in high performance gas turbines and is implemented by injecting cold air through discrete holes on the blade surface. Most experimental research on film-cooling has been performed using round holes supplied by a stagnant plenum. This can be quite different from the actual turbine blade conditions in that a crossflow may be present whereby the internal channel Reynolds number could be as high as 90,000. This computational study uses a film-cooling hole that is inclined at 35° with respect to the mainstream and is diffused at the hole exit by 15°. An engine representative jet-to-mainstream density ratio of two was simulated. The test matrix consisted of fourteen different cases that were simulated for the two different blowing ratios in which the following effects were investigated: a) the effect of the orientation of the coolant supply channel relative to the cooling hole, b) the effect of the channel Reynolds number, and c) the effect of the metering length of the cooling hole. Results showed that the orientation of the coolant supply had a large effect whereby the worst orientation, in terms of a reduced adiabatic effectiveness, was predicted when the channel supplying the cooling hole was perpendicular to the mainstream. For this particular orientation, higher laterally averaged effectiveness occurred at lower channel Reynolds numbers and with the hole having a short metering length.
Color filters including infrared cut-off integrated on CMOS image sensor (2011)

A color image was taken with a CMOS image sensor without any infrared cut-off filter, using red, green and blue metal/dielectric filters arranged in Bayer pattern with 1.75 µm pixel pitch. The three colors were obtained by a thickness variation of only two layers in the 7-layer stack, with a technological process including four photolithography levels. The thickness of the filter stack was only half of the traditional color resists, potentially enabling a reduction of optical crosstalk for smaller pixels. Both color errors and signal to noise ratio derived from optimized spectral responses are expected to be similar to color resists associated with infrared filter.
Computer-assisted image analysis of human cilia and Chlamydomonas flagella reveals both similarities and differences in axoneme structure (2020)

In the past decade, investigations from several different fields have revealed the critical role of cilia in human health and disease. Because of the highly conserved nature of the basic axonemal structure, many different model systems have proven useful for the study of ciliopathies, especially the unicellular, biflagellate green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Although the basic axonemal structure of cilia and flagella is highly conserved, these organelles often perform specialized functions unique to the cell or tissue in which they are found. These differences in function are likely reflected in differences in structural organization. In this work, we directly compare the structure of isolated axonemes from human cilia and Chlamydomonas flagella to identify similarities and differences that potentially play key roles in determining their functionality. Using transmission electron microscopy and 2D image averaging techniques, our analysis has confirmed the overall structural similarity between these two species, but also revealed clear differences in the structure of the outer dynein arms, the central pair projections, and the radial spokes. We also show how the application of 2D image averaging can clarify the underlying structural defects associated primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). Overall, our results document the remarkable similarity between these two structures separated evolutionarily by over a billion years, while highlighting several significant differences, and demonstrate the potential of 2D image averaging to improve the diagnosis and understanding of PCD.
[Two Cases of Convulsive Seizures after Cardiac Surgery Suspiciously Caused by Tranexamic Acid Administration in Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis]. (2017)

Tranexamic acid (TA), an antifibrinolytic agent, is commonly used in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmo- nary bypass to reduce bleeding. We report two cases of convulsive seizures after cardiac surgery with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis. The two patients underwent aortic valve replacement, one for aortic valve regurgitation and another for aortic valve stenosis, with cardiopulmonary bypass uneventfully. A total dose of 8 g of TA was administered intravenously; 4 g during and 4 g after cardiopulmonary bypass. Both patients developed two episodes of gener- alized convulsive seizures post-operative day 1, which were suppressed by administration of diazepam intra- venously. The blood test, brain CT and electroenceph- alogram revealed no significant abnormalities. They were discharged without any neurological complica- tions. The high dose of TA was considered to have caused the seizures, since in previous reports the use of TA during surgery was associated with increased risk for postoperative seizures. It was demonstrated that approximately 40 to 70% of TA is excreted in the urine following intravenous administration. We posit that this might have led to excessive serum concen- tration of TA in our patients. Therefore, the dosage of TA should be decreased judiciously in patients with chronic kidney disease especially on hemodialysis to prevent postoperative seizures.
An uncommon neuronal class conveys visual signals from rods and cones to retinal ganglion cells (2021)

Neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) are distinguished by the neurotransmitter types they release, their synaptic connections, morphology, and genetic profiles. To fully understand how the CNS works, it is critical to identify all neuronal classes and reveal their synaptic connections. The retina has been extensively used to study neuronal development and circuit formation. Here, we describe a previously unidentified interneuron in mammalian retina. This interneuron shares some morphological, physiological, and molecular features with retinal bipolar cells, such as receiving input from photoreceptors and relaying visual signals to retinal ganglion cells. It also shares some features with amacrine cells (ACs), particularly Aii-ACs, such as their neurite morphology in the inner plexiform layer, the expression of some AC-specific markers, and possibly the release of the inhibitory neurotransmitter glycine. Thus, we unveil an uncommon interneuron, which may play an atypical role in vision.
Coalition C3 Information Exchange Using Binary Symbolic Vectors (2019)

Communicating information between entities requires there to be a common understanding of the language and the concepts being exchanged. Where information has to be rapidly conveyed, or where the communications are limited, the use of specialized language or symbols is often used but this requires the various parties to know the precise meaning of the terminology (i.e. the parties can correctly interpret the language or symbols used). In this paper we propose a new potential approach for information exchange that makes use of binary symbolic vectors to semantically represent the information to be exchanged. We show how such vector representations can be used to semantically convey large amounts information between coalition partners in a compact representation that can be interpreted at different levels of semantic abstraction. In this paper we illustrate the concept by showing how a complex text (in this case Shakespeare's play Hamlet) can be represented using symbolic vectors. We discuss how such representations can be efficiently communicated between coalition partners and how this can significantly reduce the communications requirements. We develop the concept to illustrate how symbolic vectors could be used to perform command and control functions in distributed decentralized coalition operations.
Orthogonal Sub‐Channels with AMR/DARP (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Overview of GSM Voice Evolution AMR and SAIC Performance OSC and VAMOS Performance Conclusion References
Intrinsic Viral Factors Are the Dominant Determinants of the Hepatitis C Virus Response to Interferon Alpha Treatment in Chimeric Mice (2016)

We found that viral factors were the dominant factors in determining the interferon treatment outcomes in chimeric mice. Host factors, such as pre-treatment liver interferon-stimulated gene expression and single nucleotide polymorphisms near interleukin 28B and interferon lambda 4 coding regions, were less important determinants of the response to interferon in the chimeric mice than they were in patients. Our results also suggest that a complete immune system as seen in patients may be required for host factors such as single nucleotide polymorphisms near interleukin 28B/interferon lambda 4 and pre-treatment liver interferon-stimulated gene upregulation to have an effect on the interferon response.
Realization of a Novel $1\times{\rm N}$ Power Splitter With Uniformly Excited Ports (2012)

The first experimental demonstration of a novel ring resonator-based 1 × N optical power splitter is reported. We fabricate the device on a Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> waveguide platform utilizing a bonded thermal oxide upper cladding. Fiber coupling and near-held-imaging experiments at 1550 nm show that a 1 × 16 power splitter achieves very low excess loss of 0.9 dB in addition to excellent uniformity of 0.4 dB. The resonances of the device show a loaded quality factor of 6 million and hnesse of 100. The device is promising for high-port-count power splitters without the need for cascaded stages. We also discuss applications requiring the wavelength selectivity of the device.
High-Fidelity Image Compression with Score-based Generative Models (2023)

Despite the tremendous success of diffusion generative models in text-to-image generation, replicating this success in the domain of image compression has proven difficult. In this paper, we demonstrate that diffusion can significantly improve perceptual quality at a given bit-rate, outperforming state-of-the-art approaches PO-ELIC and HiFiC as measured by FID score. This is achieved using a simple but theoretically motivated two-stage approach combining an autoencoder targeting MSE followed by a further score-based decoder. However, as we will show, implementation details matter and the optimal design decisions can differ greatly from typical text-to-image models.
ChemInform Abstract: TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF THE UNIQUE INDOLE ALKALOID CHUANGXINMYCIN. APPLICATION OF NITRO GROUP DISPLACEMENT REACTIONS IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS (1980)

Abstract Das Dinitrotoluol (I) wird durch Behandlung mit LiOH und dem Thiolglykolat (II) zum Thioether (III) umgesetzt, der mit dem Amidacetal (IV) nach saurer Hydrolyse, Reduktion und Methylierung mit Diazomethan zum Indol (V) reagiert.
Efficacy of the Novel Non-Quinone Based HSP-90 Inhibitor PU-H71 in JAK2V617F and MPLW515L-Induced Murine Models of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. (2009)

Abstract Abstract 3898 Poster Board III-834 The discovery of mutations in the JAK-STAT signaling pathway in the majority of patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) has led to the development of JAK2 kinase inhibitors for the treatment of these disorders. Although JAK2 inhibitors demonstrate efficacy in preclinical models and in early phase clinical trials, to date, JAK2 inhibitor treatment has not resulted in molecular responses or in improvements in blood counts. We therefore have investigated the effects of additional therapies that might provide benefit to patients with myeloproliferative disorders, including Hsp90 inhibition, which has been shown to abrogate oncogenic signaling pathways in other human malignancies. We analyzed the effect of PU-H71, a novel non-quinone based Hsp-90 inhibitor, in MPN cell lines, primary patient samples, and in animal models. PU-H71 treatment caused potent, dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth in isogenic cell lines expressing JAK2/MPL mutations, JAK2V617F-positive leukemia cell lines, and primary MPN patient samples, which was associated with induction of apoptotic cell death at clinically achievable concentrations. Further, we observed JAK2 degradation in cell lines and primary samples with PU-H71 treatment, and immunoprecipitation experiments documented association of JAK2 with HSP90 and with PU-H71, demonstrating that JAK2 is a client of the HSP90 chaperone complex. PU-H71 potently inhibited downstream signaling pathways, including STAT signaling, MAPK signaling, and AKT signaling in JAK2/MPL positive cell lines and primary samples. Most importantly, in vivo therapy with PU-H71 in mice expressing JAK2V617F or MPLW515L normalized peripheral blood counts, attenuated extramedullary hematopoiesis, and improved survival compared to vehicle treated mice. We observed reduction in total JAK2 expression in target organs from PUH-71 treated mice, and noted in vivo inhibition of signaling pathways in a manner analogous to in vitro studies. Taken together, these data indicate that Hsp90 inhibition, either alone or in combination with JAK2 inhibitors, may prove useful against human MPN. Disclosures: Levine: Novartis: Research Funding; TargeGen: Consultancy.
Cardiogenic control of affective behavioural state (2023)

Emotional states influence bodily physiology, as exemplified in the top-down process by which anxiety causes faster beating of the heart<sup>1-3</sup>. However, whether an increased heart rate might itself induce anxiety or fear responses is unclear<sup>3-8</sup>. Physiological theories of emotion, proposed over a century ago, have considered that in general, there could be an important and even dominant flow of information from the body to the brain<sup>9</sup>. Here, to formally test this idea, we developed a noninvasive optogenetic pacemaker for precise, cell-type-specific control of cardiac rhythms of up to 900 beats per minute in freely moving mice, enabled by a wearable micro-LED harness and the systemic viral delivery of a potent pump-like channelrhodopsin. We found that optically evoked tachycardia potently enhanced anxiety-like behaviour, but crucially only in risky contexts, indicating that both central (brain) and peripheral (body) processes may be involved in the development of emotional states. To identify potential mechanisms, we used whole-brain activity screening and electrophysiology to find brain regions that were activated by imposed cardiac rhythms. We identified the posterior insular cortex as a potential mediator of bottom-up cardiac interoceptive processing, and found that optogenetic inhibition of this brain region attenuated the anxiety-like behaviour that was induced by optical cardiac pacing. Together, these findings reveal that cells of both the body and the brain must be considered together to understand the origins of emotional or affective states. More broadly, our results define a generalizable approach for noninvasive, temporally precise functional investigations of joint organism-wide interactions among targeted cells during behaviour.