gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biodegradable glycopolymer-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) block copolymer micelles: versatile construction, tailored lactose functionality, and hepatoma-targeted drug delivery (2015)

Glycopolymer-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) (GP-PCL) block copolymer micelles ('glycomicelles') with tailored lactose functionalities were developed and investigated for hepatoma-targeted doxorubicin (DOX) delivery. Amphiphilic GP-PCL copolymers were readily prepared with controlled lactobionic acid (LBA) functionalities of 20%, 40%, 80%, and 100% (denoted as GP20-PCL, GP40-PCL, GP80-PCL, and GP100-PCL, respectively) through post-polymerization modification of the poly(acryloyl cyclic carbonate)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PAC-b-PCL, 11.6-6.4 kg mol<sup>-1</sup>) block copolymer with thiolated LBA (LBA-SH) and 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanethiol ((EO)<sub>2</sub>-SH) via the Michael-type addition reaction. These self-assembled glycomicelles had mean hydrodynamic diameters ranging from 31.9 to 76.8 nm depending on LBA densities, and exhibited high DOX loading efficiencies of 83.0-89.2%. In vitro release studies showed that the DOX release rate depended on the pH and LBA content. Flow cytometric analyses revealed that asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-R) over-expressed HepG2 liver cancer cells following 4 h treatment with DOX-loaded glycomicelles had a 6.6-17.1-fold higher DOX level, depending on LBA densities, as compared to those treated with the corresponding DOX-loaded non-glycomicelles (100% substitution with (EO)<sub>2</sub>-SH) under otherwise the same conditions. MTT assays demonstrated that DOX-loaded GP20-PCL, GP40-PCL, GP80-PCL and GP100-PCL micelles had much lower half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>) values of 2.05, 0.75, 0.45 and 0.43 μg DOX equiv. mL<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, in HepG2 cells than DOX-loaded non-glycomicelles (IC<sub>50</sub>: 6.55 μg mL<sup>-1</sup> DOX equiv. mL<sup>-1</sup>). Competitive inhibition experiments showed that after the incubation with DOX-loaded glycomicelles for 4 h, more efficient killing activity against free HepG2 cells (-LBA) was observed, as compared to that against LBA-blocked HepG2 cells (+LBA) after a subsequent 72 h incubation. Glycomicelles with tailored LBA functionalities, high drug loading capacity, and high uptake by ASGP-R positive cells are promising candidates for liver cancer chemotherapy.
Adaptive two‐pass cone‐beam artifact correction using a FOV‐preserving two‐source geometry: A simulation study (2009)

The evolution to ever wider detector arrays that are able to cover whole organs with a single circular gantry sweep has revitalized the research efforts toward finding improved axial scanning algorithms and protocols. The authors propose a computed tomography scan and reconstruction concept using two sources, a single detector and a two-pass cone-beam correction method, as an integral part of the reconstruction. Compared with standard circular acquisition and reconstruction methods, the new concept excels with improved coverage and very low cone-beam artifact level also for short scan acquisitions, which makes it especially attractive for cardiac applications.
Quasi-coherent thermal emitter based on refractory plasmonic materials (2015)

The thermal emission of refractory plasmonic metamaterial - a titanium nitride 1D grating - is studied at high operating temperature (540 °C). By choosing a refractory material, we fabricate thermal gratings with high brightness that are emitting mid-infrared radiation centered around 3 $μ$m. We demonstrate experimentally that the thermal excitation of plasmon-polariton on the surface of the grating produces a well-collimated beam with a spatial coherence length of 32λ (angular divergence of 1.8°) which is quasi-monochromatic with a full width at half maximum of 70 nm. These experimental results show good agreement with a numerical model based on a two-dimensional full-wave analysis in frequency domain.
Assessing the risk of intussusception and rotavirus vaccine safety in Canada (2016)

We have described baseline intussusception hospitalization rates for infants in Canada and have found no evidence of a change in rate after implementation of routine rotavirus immunization programs.
Electroformation of Giant Unilamellar Vesicles on Stainless Steel Electrodes (2017)

Giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) are well-established model systems for studying membrane structure and dynamics. Electroformation, also referred to as electroswelling, is one of the most prevalent methods for producing GUVs, as it enables modulation of the lipid hydration process to form relatively monodisperse, defect-free vesicles. Currently, however, it is expensive and time-consuming compared with other methods. In this study, we demonstrate that 1,2-dioleoyl-<i>sn</i>-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine GUVs can be prepared readily at a fraction of the cost on stainless steel electrodes, such as commercially available syringe needles, without any evidence of lipid oxidation or hydrolysis.
Addendum to papers from the NSTX Team, published in Review of Scientific Instruments (2009)

First Page
ChemInform Abstract: Rh‐Catalyzed Cyclization of 3‐Aryloxycarbonyldiazonaphthoquinones for the Synthesis of β‐Phenylnaphthalene Lactones and Formal Synthesis of Pradimicinone. (2015)

Abstract This method is used in the preparation of pradimicinone precursor (X).
CCDC 988317: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination (2015)

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
Dysfunctional driving behaviours: a cognitive approach to road safety research (2019)

This chapter describes the first stage of the research, during which a taxonomy of dysfunctional driving behaviours (DDBs) was developed and members of the Victoria Police who had been involved in collisions were interviewed to validate the taxonomy. Aggressive-competitive behaviour and risk-taking behaviour are conscious, strongly affect-motivated behaviours. They may be exhibited as relatively transient responses to emotions activated by neural, sensorimotor, affective, or cognitive processes, or they may be manifestations of a driver’s core constructs – hence, they may be represented as characteristic driving styles. The interviews were in two parts. The first part was based on the critical incident technique. The second part of the interview consisted of completing a rank order repertory grid, in which both the elements and the constructs, including the contrast poles, were supplied. The interview protocols were analysed to determine whether the behaviours that appeared to be precursors to the collisions could be categorized according to the taxonomy of DDBs.
On the feasibility of carbon nanotube windings for electrical machines — Case study for a coreless axial flux motor (2016)

The latest developments in carbon nanotube (CNT) wires and yarns attract great interest for potential application to electromagnetic devices, such as electrical machines and transformers. The CNT material properties are largely different from copper and aluminum in terms of electrical conductivity, mass density, and thermal transfer, creating a new design paradigm for which the traditional rules and device topologies no longer apply. This paper proposes a brushless permanent magnet multidisc axial flux construction with coreless stator and special windings and minimal rotor back iron, as a suitable topology for CNT winding application. Specific analytical closed-form sizing equations, as a function of winding electric conductivity, machine dimensions, and operating speed/frequency, are derived and employed in a systematic comparative study over a range of kW power ratings and speeds between 1,000 and 10,000 rpm. The numerical study is complemented by 3D and 2D electromagnetic FEA. The results show that the designs with CNT windings may have substantially higher specific power per mass, particularly at high rotational speeds and/or supply frequency, where the combined effect of DC and AC conduction losses in the windings is significant.
Rearrangements of penicillin sulfoxides. 1 (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRearrangements of penicillin sulfoxides. 1Abraham Nudelman and Ronald J. McCaullyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1977, 42, 17, 2887–2890Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00437a022https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00437a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views123Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Complex-valued stiffness reconstruction for magnetic resonance elastography by algebraic inversion of the differential equation (2001)

Noninvasive quantitation of the mechanical properties of tissue could improve early detection of pathology. Previously a method for detecting displacement from propagating shear waves using a phase-contrast MRI technique was developed. In this work it is demonstrated how a collection of data representing the full vector displacement field could be used to potentially estimate the full complex stiffness tensor. An algebraic inversion approach useful for piece-wise homogeneous materials is described in detail for the general isotropic case, which is then specialized to incompressible materials as a model for tissue. Results of the inversion approach are presented for simulated and experimental phantom data that show the technique can be used to obtain shear wave-speed and attenuation in regions where there is sufficient signal-to-noise ratio in the displacement and its second spatial derivatives. The sensitivity to noise is higher in the attenuation estimates than the shear wave-speed estimates. Magn Reson Med 45:299-310, 2001.
Flaccid Trunk Paralysis in Free-ranging Elephants (Loxodonta africana) in Zimbabwe (1994)

An epizootic of flaccid trunk paralysis began in free-ranging Zimbabwean elephants (Loxodonta africana) on the southern shore of Lake Kariba in 1989. It involved a selective neuropathy of peripheral nerves supplying the trunk, with axon and myelin degeneration, muscle atrophy, compensatory hypertrophy, and fine endomyseal fibrosis, without inflammatory changes.
Magnetizable antibody‐like proteins (2010)

Use of paramagnetic particles to isolate molecules or cells from complex media is well established. Typically, particles are manufactured and coated with a biological molecule that confers specific biorecognition. Incubation of particles with sample and exposure to magnetic fields isolates the species of interest. We have designed, produced and assessed magnetized fusion proteins consisting of the antigen-binding portion of an antibody (single chain variable fraction; scFv) fused to the heavy chain of the iron-binding protein ferritin. The fusion protein subunits expressed in E. coli assemble to form a fusion protein consisting of a ferritin sphere with scFvs on the surface. The fusion proteins were chemically magnetized by introducing a paramagnetic iron core. The resultant fusion protein was shown to be magnetizable and capable of binding target antigens. These "organic" magnetizable particles possess a number of theoretical advantages over traditional inorganic particles.
Relation between coronary atherosclerotic plaques and traditional risk factors in people with no history of cardiovascular disease undergoing multi-detector computed coronary angiography (2009)

A direct relation between the prevalence of CAP, number of risk factors and the related 10-year risk of CVE was found. 18% of subjects without risk factors had CAP. In these individuals CTCA may help in further optimising the risk reduction strategies on an individual basis.
Micropatterning of bioactive heparin-based hydrogels (2010)

This paper describes a UV photopatterning of bioactive heparin-based hydrogels on glass substrates. In this approach, hydrogel micropatterns were formed by UV-initiated thiol–ene reaction between thiolated heparin and diacrylated poly(ethylene) glycol (PEG-DA). Analysis of gelation kinetics showed that photo-crosslinked hydrogels formed faster and were stronger when compared to hydrogels formed by competing Michael addition reaction. To highlight bioactivity of heparin–PEG hybrid gels, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) was mixed into prepolymer solution prior to hydrogel patterning. Immunostaining showed that HGF was retained after 5 days in the hybrid heparin–PEG hydrogel microstructures but was rapidly released from pure PEG gel microstructures. In a set of experiments further highlighting bioactivity of microfabricated heparin-based hydrogel, primary rat hepatocytes were cultured next to heparin and pure PEG hydrogel disks (∼500 µm in diameter). ELISA analysis revealed that hepatocytes residing next to heparin-based hydrogels were producing ∼4 times more albumin at day 7 compared to cells cultured next to inert PEG hydrogels. In the future, microfabricated heparin-based hydrogels described in this paper will be employed for designing cellular microenvironment in vitro and as vehicles for cell transplantation in vivo.
Hydrogenation ofn-octanoic acid over the MoPt alloy of Mo–Pt/SiO2catalyst under solvent-free conditions (2022)

SiO<sub>2</sub>-Supported bimetallic Mo and Pt worked as an effective heterogeneous catalyst for hydrogenation of <i>n</i>-octanoic acid at a low temperature of 373 K in the absence of solvent, providing 78% yield of hydrogenated products (62% yield of 1-octanol and 32% yield of octyl octanoate). Based on the catalyst characterization, MoPt alloy (Mo/Pt = 1) was formed by high-temperature reduction and was proposed to be the active site for the reaction.
Cell-type specific expression of oncogenic and tumor suppressive microRNAs in the human prostate and prostate cancer (2018)

ABSTRACT MiR-1 and miR-143 are frequently reduced in human prostate cancer (PCa), while miR-141 and miR-21 are frequently elevated. Consequently, these miRNAs have been studied as cell-autonomous tumor suppressors and oncogenes. However, the cell-type specificity of these miRNAs is not well defined in prostate tissue. Through two different microdissection techniques, and droplet digital RT-PCR, we quantified these miRNAs in the stroma and epithelium of radical prostatectomy specimens. In contrast to their purported roles as cell-autonomous tumor suppressors, we found miR-1 and miR-143 expression to be predominantly stromal. Conversely, miR-141 was predominantly epithelial. MiR-21 was detected in both stroma and epithelium. Strikingly, the levels of miR-1 and miR-143 were significantly reduced in tumor-associated stroma, but not tumor epithelium. Gene expression analyses in human cell lines, tissues, and prostate-derived stromal cultures support the cell-type selective expression of miR-1, miR-141, and miR-143. Analyses of the PCa Genome Atlas (TCGA-PRAD) showed a strong positive correlation between stromal markers and miR-1 and miR-143, and a strong negative correlation between stromal markers and miR-141. In these tumors, loss of miR-1 and gain of miR-21 was highly associated with biochemical recurrence. These data shed new light on stromal and epithelial miRNA expression in the PCa tumor microenvironment.
Data from Modeling Genomic Diversity and Tumor Dependency in Malignant Melanoma (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The classification of human tumors based on molecular criteria offers tremendous clinical potential; however, discerning critical and “druggable” effectors on a large scale will also require robust experimental models reflective of tumor genomic diversity. Here, we describe a comprehensive genomic analysis of 101 melanoma short-term cultures and cell lines. Using an analytic approach designed to enrich for putative “driver” events, we show that cultured melanoma cells encompass the spectrum of significant genomic alterations present in primary tumors. When annotated according to these lesions, melanomas cluster into subgroups suggestive of distinct oncogenic mechanisms. Integrating gene expression data suggests novel candidate effector genes linked to recurrent copy gains and losses, including both phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN)–dependent and PTEN-independent tumor suppressor mechanisms associated with chromosome 10 deletions. Finally, sample-matched pharmacologic data show that &lt;i&gt;FGFR1&lt;/i&gt; mutations and extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) activation may modulate sensitivity to mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK kinase inhibitors. Genetically defined cell culture collections therefore offer a rich framework for systematic functional studies in melanoma and other tumors. [Cancer Res 2008;68(3):664–73]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Design and Analysis of an APU for Exascale Computing (2017)

The challenges to push computing to exaflop levels are difficult given desired targets for memory capacity, memory bandwidth, power efficiency, reliability, and cost. This paper presents a vision for an architecture that can be used to construct exascale systems. We describe a conceptual Exascale Node Architecture (ENA), which is the computational building block for an exascale supercomputer. The ENA consists of an Exascale Heterogeneous Processor (EHP) coupled with an advanced memory system. The EHP provides a high-performance accelerated processing unit (CPU+GPU), in-package high-bandwidth 3D memory, and aggressive use of die-stacking and chiplet technologies to meet the requirements for exascale computing in a balanced manner. We present initial experimental analysis to demonstrate the promise of our approach, and we discuss remaining open research challenges for the community.
The Montreal White Dwarf Database: a Tool for the Community (2016)

We present the "Montreal White Dwarf Database" (MWDD), an accessible database with sortable/filterable table and interactive plots that will, when fully completed, allow the community to explore the physical properties of all white dwarfs ever analyzed by the Montreal group, as well as display data and analyses from the literature. We present its current capability and show how it will continuously be updated to instantly reflect improvements made on both the theoretical and observational fronts.
Clinical impact potential of Rejuveinix (RJX) for prevention of fatal acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi-organ failure in COVID-19 patients. (2020)

RJX is an Intravenous (IV) formulation of known physiologically compatible compounds that is being developed for more effective supportive therapy of patients with sepsis, including COVID-19 patients with viral sepsis and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). The RJX formulation is a solution of buffered acid products, electrolyte components, and vitamins, including ascorbic acid, cyanocobalamin, thiamine hydrochloride, riboflavin 5' phosphate, niacinamide, pyridoxine hydrochloride, and calcium d-pantothenate, and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, a mineral with a negative oxidation-reduction potential. The components of RJX exhibited promising activity in clinical studies involving ARDS patients and/or non-clinical studies in animal models of ARDS. The published data from these clinical and non-clinical studies provided the medical-scientific rationale for our clinical development strategy for RJX and a clinical study in COVID-19 patients.
Host-guest complexation. 30. Quinquaryl and bis(urea) binders (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHost-guest complexation. 30. Quinquaryl and bis(urea) bindersHoward E. Katz and Donald J. CramCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 17, 4977–4987Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00329a058https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00329a058research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views363Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Mutated PB1 Residue 319 Synergizes with the PB2 N265S Mutation of the Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine to Convey Temperature Sensitivity (2020)

Current influenza vaccines have modest efficacy. This is especially true for current live attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIV), which have been inferior to the inactivated versions in recent years. Therefore, a new generation of live vaccines may be needed. We previously showed that a mutation at PB1 residue 319 confers enhanced temperature sensitivity and attenuation in an LAIV constructed in the genetic background of the mouse-adapted Influenza A Virus (IAV) strain A/PR/8/34 (PR8). Here, we describe the origin/discovery of this unique mutation and demonstrate that, when combined with the PB2 N265S mutation of LAIV, it conveys an even greater level of temperature sensitivity and attenuation on PR8 than the complete set of attenuating mutations from LAIV. Furthermore, we show that the combined PB1 L319Q and PB2 N265S mutations confer temperature sensitivity on IAV polymerase activity in two different genetic backgrounds, PR8 and A/Cal/04/09. Collectively, these findings show that the PB2 LAIV mutation synergizes with a mutation in PB1 and may have potential utility for improving LAIVs.