gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tailored Clinoptilolites for Nitrogen/Methane Separation (2005)

Clinoptilolites were tailored through controlled ion exchange with both indigenous cations, such as Na+ and Mg+, and other cations, such as Li+, Sr2+, and Ce3+. These partially exchanged clinoptilolites are characterized through neutron activation analysis, and the adsorption isotherms and diffusion rates of nitrogen and methane were measured. Partially exchanged Ce clinoptilolite showed reversal of equilibrium selectivity from nitrogen to methane as the extent of Ce3+ exchange increased, while mixed Na/Li (also referred to as partially exchanged Li+) clinoptilolites showed reversal of equilibrium selectivity as the extent of Li+ exchange decreased. High-pressure isotherms on mixed Mg/Na clinoptilolites and partially exchanged Ce clinoptilolites were measured through the differential adsorption bed technique. Pressure swing adsorption (PSA) simulations were performed on a two-stage PSA process operating on a five-step PSA cycle for the tailored clinoptilolite sorbents. The simulation results of tailored clinoptilolites were compared against those of the commercial sorbent ETS-4 and the purified clinoptilolite. The tailored clinoptilolites gave slightly less recovery than purified clinoptilolite and ETS-4 but showed 50% improvement in product throughput, making tailored clinoptilolites suitable for use in a PSA process for nitrogen/methane separation.
Application of Pressure-Sensitive Paints to Low-Pressure Range (2005)

The pressure-sensitive paint (PSP) technique has potential as a powerful diagnostic tool for measurements in the high Knudsen number regime because it is based on luminescence of molecules. Three types of PSP [two composed of organic dye and polymer (luminophore/binder), platinum octaethylporphyrin (PtOEP)/silicone polymer (GP197) and platinumtetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) porphyrin (PtTFPP)/poly[1-(trimethylsilyl)-propyne] [poly(TMSP)], and the other ruthenium II tris (4,7-diphenyl-1, 10-phenanthrolin chloride (Bath-Ru) adsorbed on anodized aluminum] are applied to the rarefied gas flow mainly lower than 150 Pa (about 1 torr) to examine fundamental properties, such as pressure/temperature sensitivity, time response of luminescence, and so on
β1 integrin monoclonal antibody treatment ameliorates cerebral cavernous malformations (2022)

β1 integrins are important in blood vessel formation and function, finely tuning the adhesion of endothelial cells to each other and to the extracellular matrix. The role of integrins in the vascular disease, cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) has yet to be explored in vivo. Endothelial loss of the gene KRIT1 leads to brain microvascular defects, resulting in debilitating and often fatal consequences. We tested administration of a monoclonal antibody that enforces the active β1 integrin conformation, (clone 9EG7), on a murine neonatal CCM mouse model, Krit1<sup>flox/flox</sup> ;Pdgfb-iCreERT2 (Krit1<sup>ECKO</sup> ), and on KRIT1-silenced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In addition, endothelial deletion of the master regulator of integrin activation, Talin 1 (Tln1), in Krit1<sup>ECKO</sup> mice was performed to assess the effect of completely blocking endothelial integrin activation on CCM. Treatment with 9EG7 reduced lesion burden in the Krit1<sup>ECKO</sup> model and was accompanied by a strong reduction in the phosphorylation of the ROCK substrate, myosin light chain (pMLC), in both retina and brain endothelial cells. Treatment of KRIT1-silenced HUVECs with 9EG7 in vitro stabilized cell-cell junctions. Overnight treatment of HUVECs with 9EG7 resulted in significantly reduced total surface expression of β1 integrin, which was associated with reduced pMLC levels, supporting our in vivo findings. Genetic blockade of integrin activation by Tln1<sup>ECKO</sup> enhanced bleeding and did not reduce CCM lesion burden in Krit1<sup>ECKO</sup> mice. In sum, targeting β1 integrin with an activated-specific antibody reduces acute murine CCM lesion development, which we found to be associated with suppression of endothelial ROCK activity.
A new structure and driving scheme of PDP for high luminous efficacy (2004)

Abstract We have developed a new PDP cell structure called MARI(Multi Anode for Reduction of Ionic effect) and new driving scheme achieving a high luminous efficacy. The MARI PDP has middle electrode inserted between X and Y main electrodes. In the MARI PDP, reset and scan voltage is applied to middle electrode and sustain voltage is applied to X and Y electrode. Using a long gap sustain discharge we accomplished a high luminous efficacy. And we developed 42"full panel adopting MARI structure and new driving scheme and attained luminous efficacy of 2.35 lm/W.
Observation of Edge Transport in the Disordered Regime of Topologically InsulatingInAs/GaSbQuantum Wells (2014)

We observe edge transport in the topologically insulating InAs/GaSb system in the disordered regime. Using asymmetric current paths we show that conduction occurs exclusively along the device edge, exhibiting a large Hall signal at zero magnetic fields, while for symmetric current paths, the conductance between the two mesoscopicly separated probes is quantized to 2e2/h. Both quantized and self-averaged transport show resilience to magnetic fields, and are temperature independent for temperatures between 20 mK and 1 K.
Numerical analysis of thermal lens effect for sensitive detection on microchips (2008)

Thermal lens microscope (TLM) is a sensitive detection method for nonfluorescent molecules and widely applied to detection in a capillary or on a microchip. In this paper, we developed a flexible design tool for TLM systems to meet various applications utilizing a microspace. The TL effect was modeled, including signal processing, and calculated by combining fluidic dynamics and wave optics software. The coincidence of the calculations and experiments was investigated by measuring the effects of optical path length or focus positions of the excitation beams on TL signals which are quite difficult to calculate by a conventional method. Good agreement was shown and the applicability of the TLM design tool was verified.
Twelve or 30 Months of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy after Drug-Eluting Stents (2014)

Dual antiplatelet therapy beyond 1 year after placement of a drug-eluting stent, as compared with aspirin therapy alone, significantly reduced the risks of stent thrombosis and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events but was associated with an increased risk of bleeding. (Funded by a consortium of eight device and drug manufacturers and others; DAPT ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00977938.).
Ultra-Strong Silicon-Coated Carbon Nanotube Fabric as Multi-Functional Lithium Ion Battery Anodes (2012)

Abstract not Available.
Human Ageing and Telomeres (2007)

Telomerase expression is repressed early in development in all normal somatic human tissues investigated to date, whereas activity and the expression of the RNA component for this enzyme are upregulated in almost all cases of malignant transformation and late-stage cancer. The telomere hypothesis of ageing and immortalization postulates that sufficient telomere loss on one or more chromosomes in normal somatic cells triggers cell senescence, whereas reactivation of the enzyme is necessary for cell immortalization. Measurements of telomere length and telomerase activity in cancer and during normal and accelerated human ageing in skin, blood, haemopoietic, skeletal muscle, vascular and CNS tissues support this model. Tissue culture studies of cell ageing and transformation have added to our understanding of telomere dynamics in these processes. Evolution of telomerase repression and mortality in somatic cells of long-lived organisms is consistent with antagonistic pleiotropy models in which cell senescence is a tumour suppressor mechanism: stringent repression of telomerase has a beneficial early effect in reducing the probability of cancer, but a deleterious, unselected late effect in its contributions to age-related disease.
Towards Robust Detection of Adversarial Examples (2017)

Although the recent progress is substantial, deep learning methods can be vulnerable to the maliciously generated adversarial examples. In this paper, we present a novel training procedure and a thresholding test strategy, towards robust detection of adversarial examples. In training, we propose to minimize the reverse cross-entropy (RCE), which encourages a deep network to learn latent representations that better distinguish adversarial examples from normal ones. In testing, we propose to use a thresholding strategy as the detector to filter out adversarial examples for reliable predictions. Our method is simple to implement using standard algorithms, with little extra training cost compared to the common cross-entropy minimization. We apply our method to defend various attacking methods on the widely used MNIST and CIFAR-10 datasets, and achieve significant improvements on robust predictions under all the threat models in the adversarial setting.
High-Speed Microscale Optical Tracking Using Digital Frequency-Domain Multiplexing (2008)

Position-sensitive detectors (PSDs), or lateral-effect photodiodes, are commonly used for high-speed, high-resolution optical position measurement. This paper describes the instrument design for multidimensional position and orientation measurement based on the simultaneous position measurement of multiple modulated sources using frequency-domain-multiplexed (FDM) PSDs. The important advantages of this optical configuration in comparison with laser/mirror combinations are that it has a large angular measurement range and allows the use of a probe that is small in comparison with the measurement volume. We review PSD characteristics and quantitative resolution limits, consider the lock-in amplifier measurement system as a communication link, discuss the application of FDM to PSDs, and make comparisons with time-domain techniques. We consider the phase-sensitive detector as a multirate DSP problem, explore parallels with Fourier spectral estimation and filter banks, discuss how to choose the modulation frequencies and sample rates that maximize channel isolation under design constraints, and describe efficient digital implementation. We also discuss hardware design considerations, sensor calibration, probe construction and calibration, and 3-D measurement by triangulation using two sensors. As an example, we characterize the resolution, speed, and accuracy of an instrument that measures the position and orientation of a 10 mm × 5 mm probe in 5 degrees of freedom (DOF) over a 30-mm cube with 4-μm peak-to-peak resolution at 1-kHz sampling.
Disfunção Pulmonar em Pacientes com Fratura da Haste Femoral Tratados com Fixação Intramedular (2001)

JBJS was founded by the American Orthopaedic Association in 1903 and is the Official Journal of the American Orthopaedic Association. EXCELLENCE THROUGH PEER REVIEW The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery (JBJS) has been the most valued source of information for orthopaedic surgeons and researchers for over 125 years and is the gold standard in peer-reviewed scientific information in the field. A core journal and essential reading for general as well as specialist orthopaedic surgeons worldwide, JBJS publishes evidence-based research to enhance the quality of care for orthopaedic patients. Standards of excellence and high quality are maintained in everything we do, from the science of the content published to the customer service we provide. JBJS is an independent, non-profit journal. JBJS.org is the version of record of The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. JBJS is published twice a month on the first and third Wednesday of each month, each time adding to a comprehensive PDF archive dating back to 1889. Additional features online include: article commenting, social sharing links, instructional videos, podcasts, and continuing medical education activities. Contributions from anywhere in the world are welcome and considered on their merits. The manuscript must be written in English and should be submitted as outlined in the Instructions for Authors. Manuscripts are subject to blinded peer review by experts and a final decision by the editor. Papers are judged by the quality and relevance of the work. Our aim is to publish the best material available from anywhere in the world.
Frameworks for Intra- and Interprocedural Dataflow Analysis (1998)

Because dataflow analyses are difficult to implement from scratch, reusable dataflow analysis frameworks have been developed which provide generic support facilities for managing propagation of dataflow information and iteration in loops. We have designed a framework that improves on previous work by making it easy to perform graph transformations as part of iterative analysis, to run multiple analyses &amp;quot;in parallel&amp;quot; to achieve the precision of a single monolithic analysis while preserving modularity and reusability of the component analyses, and to construct context-sensitive interprocedural analyses from intraprocedural versions. We have implemented this framework in the Vortex optimizing compiler and used the framework to help build both traditional optimizations and non-traditional optimizations of dynamically-dispatched messages and first-class, lexically-nested functions.
Through-Silicon Vias and 3D Inductors for RF Applications (2014)

To cope with an increasing number of frequency bands and advanced mobile phone standards supporting high data rates, current and future wireless communication systems must satisfy stringent perform ...
Intermolecular Dienyl Pauson–Khand Reaction (2004)

Drei-Komponenten-[2+2+1]-Cycloadditionen gelingen mit Dienen statt Alkenen in einer intermolekularen, RhI-katalysierten Variante der Pauson-Khand-Reaktion (siehe Schema). Die höhere Reaktivität der Diene ermöglicht einen effizienten Zugang zu Alkenylcyclopentenonen ausgehend von leicht erhältlichen Ausgangsstoffen. R1, R2=Alkyl, Silyl, Carbonyl; R3=Me, Bn.
NMR and kinetic studies of the interactions of [Au(cis-DACH)Cl2]Cl and [Au(cis-DACH)2]Cl3 with potassium cyanide in aqueous solution (2014)

AbstractThe interactions of [Au(cis-DACH)Cl2]Cl and [Au(cis-DACH)2]Cl3 [where cis-DACH is cis-1,2-diaminocyclohexane] with enriched KCN were carried out in CD3OD and D2O, respectively. The reaction pathways of these complexes were studied by 1H, 13C, 15N NMR, UV spectrophotometry, and electrochemistry. The kinetic data for the reaction of cyanide with [Au(cis-DACH)2]Cl3 are k = 18 M−1s−1, ∆H≠ = 11 kJ M−1, ∆S≠ = −185 JK−1 M−1, and Ea = 13 kJ M−1 with square wave voltammetric (SWV) peak +1.35 V, whereas the kinetic data for the reaction of cyanide ion with [Au(cis-DACH)Cl2]Cl are k = 148 M−1s−1, ∆H≠ = 39 kJM−1, ∆S≠ = −80 JK-1 M−1, and Ea = 42 kJM−1 along with SWV peak +0.82 V, indicating much higher reactivity of [Au(cis-DACH)Cl2]Cl toward cyanide than [Au(cis-DACH)2]Cl3. The interaction of these complexes with potassium cyanide resulted in an unstable [Au(13CN)4]− species which readily underwent reductive elimination reaction to generate [Au(13CN)2]− and cyanogen.Keywords: [(cis-DACH)AuCl2]Cl complexK13CNReductive eliminationRate constant AcknowledgementThis research was supported by the KFUPM Research Committee under DSR project # IN121049.
On-Chip Nanoplasmonic Biosensors with Actively Controlled Nanofluidic Surface Delivery (2010)

Performances of surface biosensors are often controlled by the analyte delivery rate to the sensing surface instead of sensors intrinsic detection capabilities. In a microfluidic channel, analyte transports diffusively to the biosensor surface severely limiting its performance. At low concentrations, this limitation, commonly known as mass transport problem, causes impractically long detection times extending from days to months. In this proceeding, we propose and demonstrate a hybrid biosensing platform merging nanoplasmonics and nanofluidics. Unlike conventional approaches where the analytes simply stream pass over the sensing surface, our platform enables targeted delivery of analytes to the sensing surface. Our detection platform is based on extraordinary light transmission effect (EOT) in suspended plasmonic nanohole arrays. The subwavelength size nanoholes here act as nanofluidic channels connecting the microfluidic chambers on both sides of the sensors. In order to materialize our detection platform, we also introduce a novel multilayered micro/nanofluidics scheme allowing three dimensional control of the fluidic flow. Using our platform, we show 14-fold improvement in mass transport rate constant appearing in the exponential term. To fabricate these biosensors, we also introduce a lift-off free plasmonic device fabrication technique based on positive resist electron beam lithography. Simplicity of this fabrication technique allows us to fabricate nanostructures with ease, high yield/reproducibility and minimal surface roughness. As a result, we achieve higher refractive index sensitivities. This fabrication technique can find wide range of applications in nanoplasmonics field by eliminating the need for operationally slow and expensive focused ion beam lithography.
A Synthesis of Theopederin D and a Formal Synthesis of Pederin (1998)

Theopederin D, a cytotoxic metabolite from a sponge of the genus Theonella, was synthesised in 14 steps (11.1% overall yield) from two advanced intermediates previously used in a synthesis of mycalamide B. A formal synthesis of pederin from similar intermediates is also reported.
Addition of Monovalent Silver Cations to CH3NH3PbBr3 Produces Crystallographically Oriented Perovskite Thin Films (2019)

The incorporation of monovalent silver (Ag+) cations into methylammonium lead bromide (CH3NH3PbBr3) perovskite films leads to a strongly preferred (001) crystallographic orientation on a wide variety of substrates, ranging from glass to mesoporous TiO2. CH3NH3PbBr3 films deposited without Ag+ exhibit only a weakly preferred (011) orientation. Compositional maps and depth profiles from time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) reveal Ag+ segregated to grain boundaries and interfaces. In photovoltaic devices (PVs), addition of Ag+ to MAPBr films resulted in poorer device performance, most likely because of the observed Ag+ segregation in the films.
Simulation Analysis of the Stability Mutants R96H of Bacteriophage T4 Lysozyme and I96A of Barnase (2007)

Free energy simulation methods are used to analyse the effects of the mutation Arg-96----His on the stability of bacteriophage T4 lysozyme and of Ile-96----Ala on the stability of barnase. By use of thermodynamic integration, the contributions of specific interactions to the free energy change are evaluated. It is shown that a number of contributions that stabilize the wild-type or the mutant partially cancel in the overall free energy difference; some of these involve the unfolded state. Comparison of the results with conclusions based on structural and thermodynamic data leads to new insights into the origin of the stability difference between wild-type and mutant proteins. For the charged-to-charged amino acid mutation in T4 lysozyme, the importance of the contributions of more distant residues, solvent water and the covalent linkage involving the mutated amino acid are of particular interest. Also, the analysis of the Arg-96 to His mutation with respect to the interactions with the C-terminal end of a helix (residues 82-90) indicates that the nearby carbonyl groups (Tyr-88 and Asp-89) make the dominant contribution, that the amide groups do not contribute significantly and that the helix dipole model is inappropriate for this case. For the non-polar-to-non-polar amino acid mutation in barnase, the solvent contribution is unimportant, and covalent terms are shown to be significant because they do not cancel between the folded and unfolded state.
Quality of service management functions in 3/sup rd/ generation mobile telecommunication networks (2003)

This paper studies QoS (quality of service) management functions that are needed in 3/sup rd/ generation packet data networks. The current architecture of the UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) is described. The UMTS QoS architecture and QoS model are presented with important QoS parameters. The QoS management functionality is analysed against the presented QoS architecture and QoS model. The paper presents the functionality that needs to be implemented, to UMTS packet data networks, to be able to provide QoS for end-users. The paper concludes with the description of functions and their locations to be able to provide QoS efficiently in UMTS.
Development of a device for reduction of low-frequency sound transmission reduction in small launch vehicles (2003)

Launch acoustic loads have the potential to damage sensitive payloads within a payload fairing, often requiring more structural mass to withstand these loads than would otherwise be necessary to survive launch. A typical payload fairing will exhibit several cavity resonance modes related to its axial length. These modes are excited both by the vibrations transmitted through the structure during launch, and by acoustic ground reflections coupled into the system during the initial launch phase. Conventional acoustic blankets mitigate the acoustic environment within a payload fairing, but are generally only effective above 250 Hz. In this work we present an Adaptive Vibro-Acoustic Device (AVAD), which is designed to actively and passively absorb acoustic energy in a payload fairing at frequencies below 250 Hz. To date, a prototype has been designed and tested for application to a sounding rocket experiment, Vibro-Acoustic Launch Protection Experiment (VALPE), being conducted by the Air Force Research Laboratory. Prototype test results as well as projected performance in flight will be presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors: Structure and New Subtype‐Selective Ligands (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Friendship, curiosity and the city: Dementia friends and memory walks in Liverpool (2016)

The city is not just a context for friendships or a problem to be solved through them; it can be a catalyst for these relationships, sparking and strengthening connections between individuals and groups. Shared experiences of and curiosity in cities - expressed through practices that include revisiting familiar places and exploring others for the first time - can draw people together in beneficial ways. These principles underpin a health and wellbeing agenda, pioneered in Liverpool, which encourages people to 'take notice' and 'connect' - two of five 'ways to wellbeing' promoted through the Liverpool Decade of Health and Wellbeing. This paper focusses upon one particular set of schemes and relationships which brings all this into focus: befriending schemes designed to support people with dementia, which engage with objects and places as catalysts for connection. These observations shed a broader light upon the meanings and uses of friendship, with particular reference to cities.