gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Features of Transport Phenomena in Turbulent Beam-Heated Plasma (1999)

Experiments on fast plasma heating by the relativistic electron beam in the GOL-3 facility succeeds in the creation of a 1015 cm−3 plasma with electron temperature of up to a few keV. The heating is produced due to two-stream instability of the beam that causes high level of plasma microturbulence. The experiments show some specific features of plasma behaviour during the beam injection. The beam-induced turbulence is the reason of non-classical transport processes in the plasma. Anomalies in longitudinal thermal conductivity, resistivity of the plasma and in lifetime of hot electrons are observed. Transition to classical transport coefficients occurs when the plasma turbulence disappears after the beam injection stops.
In vivonon-thermal irreversible electroporation impact on rat liver galvanic apparent internal resistance (2011)

Non-thermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) is a biophysical phenomenon which involves application of electric field pulses to cells or tissues, causing certain rearrangements in the membrane structure leading to cell death. The treated tissue ac impedance changes induced by electroporation were shown to be the indicators for NTIRE efficiency. In a previous study we characterized in vitro tissue galvanic apparent internal resistance (GAIR) changes due to NTIRE. Here we describe an in vivo study in which we monitored the GAIR changes of a rat liver treated by NTIRE. Electrical pulses were delivered through the same Zn/Cu electrodes by which GAIR was measured. GAIR was measured before and for 3 h after the treatment at 15 min intervals. The results were compared to the established ac bioimpedance measurement method. A decrease of 33% was measured immediately after the NTIRE treatment and a 40% decrease was measured after 3 h in GAIR values; in the same time 40% and 47% decrease respectively were measured by ac bioimpedance analyses. The temperature increase due to the NTIRE was only 0.5 °C. The results open the way for an inexpensive, self-powered in vivo real-time NTIRE effectiveness measurement.
Isolation, Optimization of Production and Structure-Activity Relationship Studies of Monocillin I, the Cytotoxic Constituent of Paraphaeosphaeria quadriseptata (2004)

Southwest Ctr. for Nat. Prod. Res. Office of Arid Lands Studies University of Arizona, 250 E. Valencia Road, Tucson, AZ 85706-6800
New Applications of X-Ray Standing-Wave Fields to Solid State Physics (1976)

An x-ray standing-wave-field apparatus has been constructed that demonstrates an impurity atomic position resolution of \ensuremath{\sim}0.02 \AA{}. The method is applied to the measurement of ion-implantation-induced lattice relaxation. It is pointed out that the method is also suited to determine surface impurity locations perpendicular to crystal surfaces.
Use of a phosphorylated spin trap to discriminate between the hydroxyl radical and other oxidising species (1998)

The spin-trap 5-diethoxyphosphoryl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DEPMPO) is shown to provide a simple method to distinguish free-radical reactions which lead to the production of ˙OH from those which proceed via one-electron transfer followed by hydration or nucleophilic substitution of another adduct. In the first case, only an ˙OH adduct is detected; in the latter, signals from the hydroxyl adduct (labelled with 17O when H217O is employed) are accompanied by a second signal believed to result via internal trapping of a radical formed from an intermediate radical cation. This provides a potentially useful mechanistic probe, for example for use in biochemical systems.
Guided and defect modes in periodic dielectric waveguides (1995)

The nature of guided modes and defect modes in periodic dielectric waveguides is investigated computationally for model systems in two dimensions. It is shown that defect states that exist within the band gap of guided modes can be excited to form tightly localized high-Q resonances.
Minimally obtrusive wearable device for continuous interactive cognitive and neurological assessment (2008)

This study demonstrates the feasibility of a minimally obtrusive wearable system that can assess cognitive performance continuously throughout normal life activities by excitation of the peripheral nervous system and detection of the central nervous system response. The new concept was tested with one possible implementation as a device the size of a wristwatch which interrogates the subject by means of haptic excitation (vibration) and records the responses (subtle hand movements detected by accelerometers). The system was programmed to perform simple reaction time trials and was tested with ten volunteers during 8 h of their normal daytime activities. Results indicate that the volunteers responded properly to most of the interrogations (>95%) and that the impact of the device on everyday activities was not significant. The ability to assess cognitive capabilities of individuals continuously during everyday activities could have far-reaching implications for diagnostics and treatment of many different neurological conditions.
Efficient simulation of multiprocessors through finite state machines (2002)

This paper introduces a new approach to the implementation of event-driven multiprocessor simulators. Cache and memory behaviour is modelled through finite state machines which use a very limited amount of storage rather than a full execution context (CPU registers, stack). The resulting simulator design is conceptually simple and clean. Furthermore, we make the point that finite state machines can be scheduled faster. Our performance figures show that simulation overhead is lower than for comparable multiprocessor simulators.
Fig S4 from Genetic Disruption of the Multifunctional CD98/LAT1 Complex Demonstrates the Key Role of Essential Amino Acid Transport in the Control of mTORC1 and Tumor Growth (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S4: LAT1 activity is a key limiting step for AA homeostasis and proliferation in multiple cancer types.&lt;/p&gt;
Composite Neural Network Digital Predistortion Model for Joint Mitigation of Crosstalk, $I/Q$ Imbalance, Nonlinearity in MIMO Transmitters (2018)

Multi-input multi-output (MIMO) is anticipated to be a prominent technique proposed in the wireless communications to improve the system capacity and data rates of the wireless networks. However, the MIMO transmitter suffers from imperfections, such as crosstalk, power-amplifier (PA) nonlinearity, in-phase and quadrature (I/Q) imbalance, and dc offset. Investigating these effects, this paper proposes neural network (NN)-based digital predistortion (DPD) as an integral solution to compensate for crosstalk, PA nonlinearity, I/Q imbalance, and dc offset imperfections simultaneously in MIMO transmitters. The proposed NN DPD model provides a one-step single-model digital mitigation solution to multibranches of MIMO transmitters. With the increase in the dimensions of MIMO transmitter, the proposed NN-based DPD model provides a better compensation for transmitter imperfections and also reduces the complexity as compared to the state-of-the-art DPD methods. The proof-of-concept is provided with the 2×2 and 3×3 MIMO transmitters in the presence of strong PA nonlinearity, crosstalk, I/Q imbalance, and dc offset for homodyne as well as heterodyne transmitters' cases.
Review Of Integrated Photonic Elastic WDM Switches For Data Centers (2021)

In this review paper, we present an elaborate discussion on wavelength selective switches and their demonstrations. We also review packaging and electronic photonic integration of switches; a topic neglected in other review papers. We also cover wavelength locking which is paramount in switching networks with many tunable filters.
Experimental characterization of the flowfield and cavitation physics of a tip-loaded hydrofoil (2023)

This paper reports an experimental study of tip vortex flowfield and cavitation inception of a tip-loaded hydrofoil. Vortex strength, wandering, and turbulence statistics are characterized using stereo particle image velocimetry (SPIV) in a water tunnel facility, at a chord Reynolds number of 1.3×106. Cavitation physics are characterized using high-speed videography and dual-hydrophone acoustic cavitation measurements. The loading of the rectangular planform hydrofoil has a maximum at 65% span, 56% greater than that at the root, i.e., the hydrofoil loading is representative of non-elliptically loaded open propellers. Acoustic cavitation inception is quantified and is observed to precede visual cavitation onset using unaided and high-speed imaging. Measurements reported here show that vorticity fluctuations are nearly of the same magnitude as the ensemble vorticity. Instantaneous measurements of vorticity at the trailing edge, 12-chord downstream, and one-chord downstream positions are reported. Their peak magnitudes are located adjacent to the ensemble vortex center and are between four and five times the ensemble mean. The fluctuating vorticity measurements, taken in conjunction with high-speed video observations, provide insight into the hydrodynamic conditions responsible for intermittent cavitation events. The reported measurements elucidate instantaneous and mean turbulence physics associated with vortex cavitation and can provide a validation basis for numerical simulations.
A universal framework for microscope sensorless adaptive optics: Generalized aberration representations (2020)

Adaptive optics (AO) methods are widely used in microscopes to improve image quality through correction of phase aberrations. A range of wavefront-sensorless AO schemes exist, such as modal, pupil segmentation zonal, and pixelated piston-based methods. Each of these has a different physical implementation that makes direct comparisons difficult. Here, we propose a framework that fits in all sensorless AO methods and facilitates systematic comparisons among them. We introduce a general model for the aberration representation that encompasses many existing methods. Through modeling and experimental verification in a two-photon microscope, we compared sensorless AO schemes with a range of aberration representations to correct both simulated and sample induced aberrations. The results show that different representations can provide a better basis for correction in different experimental scenarios, which can inform the choice of sensorless AO schemes for a particular application.
INTEGRATED MONITORING SYSTEM TO ASSESS LV FLEXIBILITY IMPACT (2020)

This paper describes the strategic benefits for EDP Distribution of implementing an integrated monitoring system in the LV side of secondary substations. This system means a step forward in the digitalisation of LV grid which acts in conjunction with on-going smart grid appliances, growing up synergies between them and allowing better visibility in this part of the grid.<br> The monitoring system consists of the measurement of each LV circuit, integrating and processing the data in an online platform. With these measurements, along with smart grid data, there are proposed four use cases: (1) LV asset condition monitoring; (2) Network power quality; (3) Grid topology identification; (4) Energy balance.<br> This paper sums up the highlights and initial conclusions of testing this solution for almost a year, including specific results for each use case, benefits and future recommendations for adopting this solution as a roll out.
A Biomechanical Comparison of Single and Double-Row Fixation in Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair (2006)

A double-row reconstruction of the supraspinatus tendon insertion may provide a more reliable construct than a single-row repair and could be used as an alternative to open reconstruction for the treatment of isolated tears.
Genetic ablation of FASN attenuates the invasive potential of prostate cancer driven by Pten loss (2020)

Loss of the tumor suppressor gene Pten in murine prostate recapitulates human carcinogenesis and causes stromal proliferation surrounding murine prostate intraepithelial neoplasia (mPIN), which is reactive to microinvasion. In turn, invasion has been shown to be regulated in part by de novo fatty acid synthesis in prostate cancer. We therefore investigated the effects of genetic ablation of Fasn on invasive potential in prostate-specific Pten knockout mice. Combined genetic ablation of Fasn and Pten reduced the weight and volume of all the prostate lobes when compared to single knockouts. The stromal reaction to microinvasion and the cell proliferation that typically occurs in Pten knockout were largely abolished by Fasn knockout. To verify that Fasn knockout indeed results in decreased invasive potential, we show that genetic ablation and pharmacologic inhibition of FASN in prostate cancer cells significantly inhibit cellular motility and invasion. Finally, combined loss of PTEN with FASN overexpression was associated with lethality as assessed in 660 prostate cancer patients with 14.2 years of median follow-up. Taken together, these findings show that de novo lipogenesis contributes to the aggressive phenotype induced by Pten loss in murine prostate and targeting Fasn may reduce the invasive potential of prostate cancer driven by Pten loss. © 2020 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Emerimicins III and IV and their ethylalanine12 epimers. Facilitated chemical-enzymatic synthesis and a qualitative evaluation of their solution structures (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEmerimicins III and IV and their ethylalanine12 epimers. Facilitated chemical-enzymatic synthesis and a qualitative evaluation of their solution structuresUrszula Slomczynska, Denise D. Beusen, Janusz Zabrocki, Karol Kociolek, Adam Redlinski, Fritz Reusser, William C. Hutton, Miroslaw T. Leplawy, and Garland R. MarshallCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 11, 4095–4106Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00037a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00037a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views217Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
How does insulin stimulate glycogen synthesis? (1978)

One of the important effects of insulin on intracellular metabolism is its ability to stimulate the synthesis of glycogen in muscle and liver. It does this by promoting a net decrease in the extent of phosphorylation of glycogen synthase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the pathway of glycogen synthesis, which increases its activity. Several years ago glycogen synthase was shown to be phosphorylated and inactivated by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase in vitro, suggesting that the effect of insulin on glycogen synthesis, and perhaps other intracellular processes, might be explainable in terms of the ability of the hormone to decrease the concentration of tissue cyclic AMP. However, the subsequent failure to detect a decrease in cyclic AMP concentration in muscle under conditions where glycogen synthase activity was stimulated by insulin, coupled with the discovery of a second glycogen synthase kinase whose activity is unaffected by cyclic nucleotides, now suggests the possibility that insulin may regulate the activity of a different class of protein kinase, through its own "second messenger". The identification and characterization of glycogen synthase kinase-2 and recent information about the regulation of glycogen synthase by phosphorylation-dephosphorylation in vitro and in vivo are presented.
Solid-Phase Synthesis of β-Peptoids with Chiral Backbone Substituents Using Reductive Amination (2017)

A new submonomeric synthetic method of β-peptoids that allows introduction of chiral backbone substituents is established. The synthesis of β-peptoids with various backbone substituents on β-carbons and spectroscopic studies of synthesized oligomers are described.
Determination of Parts-per-Trillion Levels of Chlorate, Bromate, and Iodate by Electrospray Ionization/High-Field Asymmetric Waveform Ion Mobility Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry (1999)

An electrospray ionization (ESI) source was used to transfer oxoanions (XO 3 − ) of nitrogen, chlorine, bromine, and iodine to the gas phase for analysis by a combination of high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) and mass spectrometry. The combination of ESI with FAIMS and mass spectrometry (ESI-FAIMS-MS) yields mass spectra that are virtually free of common spectral interferences. The unique separation and focusing properties of the FAIMS analyzer improved signal-to-background ratios (S/B) for all these analytes by 3–4 orders of magnitude compared with conventional ESI-MS and produced parts-per-trillion (pptr) detection limits for ClO 3 − , BrO 3 − , and IO 3 − in methanolic solution.
Dielectric properties of epoxy-dielectrics-carbon black composite for phantom materials at radio frequencies (2000)

In order to develop new dry phantom materials that can simulate the effect of electromagnetic wave on human tissues, the dielectric properties of the phantom materials composed of dielectrics, carbon black, and epoxy resin were investigated. For dielectrics/epoxy composite, the dielectric constants increased with the content of dielectric powder and were independent of frequency at the measured frequency range. The dielectric constants and conductivity of carbon black/epoxy composite also increased with the carbon black, but it showed the frequency dependence that the complex dielectric constants decreased with increasing frequency. The dielectric constants and conductivity corresponding to human tissues could be obtained by combining the frequency dependence of carbon black/epoxy composite with the dielectric properties of dielectrics/epoxy composite and by adjusting the composition ratios of carbon black, dielectrics, and epoxy. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 1294–1302, 2000
JointNull: Combining Partial Analog Cancellation With Transmit Beamforming for Large-Antenna Full-Duplex Wireless Systems (2018)

In this paper, we study the performance of a full-duplex architecture for large-antenna systems, where analog cancelers can be fewer in number than receive antennas. We study two methods of partial analog self-interference cancellation: the one, where the analog cancelers are assigned to a fixed set of antennas and the other, where analog cancelers are reconfigurable such that they can be dynamically assigned to any receive antennas based on channel conditions. We propose JointNull that jointly optimizes partial analog cancellation and transmit beamforming. With reconfigurable cancelers, JointNull assigns each antenna one of the three roles-full-duplex, half-duplex receive, and half-duplex transmit antennas-and then designs a transmit precoder to suppress self-interference on receive antennas. As a special case of reconfigurable cancellation, fixed partial cancellation method is also addressed. We evaluate JointNull using channel measurements from a 72-antenna array. JointNull achieves close to ideal full-duplex sum rates using very few analog cancelers. For example, JointNull achieves 90% of ideal sum rate using only eight poor quality analog cancelers, each of which can cancel 20 dB of self-interference. When demand is highly downlink biased, JointNull achieves 90% of ideal sum rate with no analog cancelers. Finally, we find that reconfigurable cancelers provide only a marginal gain over fixed assignment; this points to a simpler system design, which uses fixed assignment for partial analog cancellation.
NCI's molecular targets development program (MTDP) (2007)

A206 Recent advances into the molecular pathogenesis of cancer provide unprecedented opportunities for discovery and development of novel, molecularly targeted therapeutic and preventative strategies and agents. The Center for Cancer Research (CCR) at the NCI is actively identifying and characterizing novel molecular targets important in cancer processes, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Target development and validation is a major area of ongoing research in the CCR and the need exists for identifying bioprobes and inhibitors for these molecular targets. The MTDP was established to facilitate the discovery of compounds that may serve as reagents for functional genomics, proteomics and molecular target validation research, as well as leads or candidates for drug development. The MTDP engages in high risk/high impact research, particularly with regard to exploiting chemical diversity resources and assay development innovations. Medium and high through-put screens interrogate pure compound libraries and uniquely focus on screening the vast library of extracts, over 160,000 in number, in the NCI’s Natural Product Repository. This repository provides an unmatched and relatively unexploited source of chemical diversity for lead discovery purposes. Since its inception five years ago, the MTDP has collaborated with CCR investigators on a variety of projects focused on specific molecular targets and pathways.
Small protein modules dictate prophage fates during polylysogeny (2022)

SUMMARY DNA-damaging agents are the pervasive inducers of temperate phages in model bacteria. However, most bacteria in the biosphere are predicted to carry multiple prophages, a state called polylysogeny, making it unclear how co-residing prophages compete for host cell resources if they all respond to the identical trigger. We discover regulatory modules encoded on phage genomes that control prophage induction independently of the DNA damage cue. Genes specifying these pathways exist in linear plasmid-like phages at sites essential for phage propagation. The modules lack sequence similarity but display a shared regulatory logic of a transcription factor that activates expression of a neighboring gene encoding a small protein. The small protein inactivates the master repressor of lysis, leading to prophage induction. In some phages, the regulatory unit detects sensory information including quorum-sensing autoinducers, making lysis host-cell-density dependent. Exposure of the polylysogens studied here to different induction scenarios reveals that mixed phage populations emerge following DNA damage, however, induction through the SOS-independent module drives near-exclusive production of the phage sensitive to that specific cue. Considering the lack of potent DNA-damaging agents in natural habitats, we propose that additional phage-encoded sensory pathways that drive lysis play fundamental roles in phage-host biology and inter-prophage competition.
Microwave‐Assisted Organic Synthesis Using Minivials to Optimize and Expedite the Synthesis of Diverse Purine Libraries. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.