gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Application of Artificial Intelligence Techniques in Predicting the Lost Circulation Zones Using Drilling Sensors (2020)

Drilling a high-pressure, high-temperature (HPHT) well involves many difficulties and challenges. One of the greatest difficulties is the loss of circulation. Almost 40% of the drilling cost is attributed to the drilling fluid, so the loss of the fluid considerably increases the total drilling cost. There are several approaches to avoid loss of return; one of these approaches is preventing the occurrence of the losses by identifying the lost circulation zones. Most of these approaches are difficult to apply due to some constraints in the field. The purpose of this work is to apply three artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, namely, functional networks (FN), artificial neural networks (ANN), and fuzzy logic (FL), to identify the lost circulation zones. Real-time surface drilling parameters of three wells were obtained using real-time drilling sensors. Well A was utilized for training and testing the three developed AI models, whereas Well B and Well C were utilized to validate them. High accuracy was achieved by the three AI models based on the root mean square error (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mtext>RMSE</mml:mtext></mml:math>), confusion matrix, and correlation coefficient (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:mi>R</mml:mi></mml:math>). All the AI models identified the lost circulation zones in Well A with high accuracy where the <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"><mml:mi>R</mml:mi></mml:math> is more than 0.98 and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4"><mml:mtext>RMSE</mml:mtext></mml:math> is less than 0.09. ANN is the most accurate model with <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M5"><mml:mi>R</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.99</mml:mn></mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M6"><mml:mtext>RMSE</mml:mtext><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05</mml:mn></mml:math>. An ANN was able to predict the lost circulation zones in the unseen Well B and Well C with <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M7"><mml:mi>R</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.946</mml:mn></mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M8"><mml:mtext>RMSE</mml:mtext><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.165</mml:mn></mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M9"><mml:mi>R</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.952</mml:mn></mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M10"><mml:mtext>RMSE</mml:mtext><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.155</mml:mn></mml:math>, respectively.
Stiffness Measurement for Pressure-Loaded Brush Seals (2011)

Brush seals are widely used as flexible seals for rotor-stator and stator-stator gaps in power generation turbo-machinery like steam turbines, gas turbines, generators and aircraft engines. Understanding the force interactions between a brush seal bristle pack and the rotor is important for avoiding overheating and rotor dynamic instabilities caused by excessive brush seal forces. Brush seal stiffness (i.e. brush seal force per unit circumferential length per unit incursion of the rotor) is usually measured and characterized at atmospheric pressure conditions. However, the inter-bristle forces, the blow-down forces and the friction forces between the backplate and the bristle pack change in the presence of a pressure loading, thereby changing the stiffness of the brush seal in the presence of this pressure loading. Furthermore, brush seals exhibit different hysteresis behavior under different pressure loading conditions. Understanding the increased brush seal stiffness and the increased hysteresis behavior of brush seals in the presence of a pressure loading is important for designing brush seals for higher pressure applications. In this article, we present the development of a test fixture for measuring the stiffness of brush seals subjected to a pressure loading. The fixture allows for measurement of the bristle pack forces in the presence of a pressure loading on the seal while the rotor is incrementally pushed (radially) into the bristle pack. Following the development of this test fixture, we present representative test results on three sample seals to show the trends in brush seal stiffness as the pressure loading is increased. Specifically, we study the effect of different brush seal design parameters on the stiffness of brush seals over a wide range of pressure loadings. These test data can be used for developing predictive models for brush seal stiffness under pressure loading. Furthermore, we demonstrate the utility of this fixture in studying the hysteresis exhibited by brush seals along with the importance of the backplate pressure balance feature present in several brush seal designs. The test results validate the bilinear force-displacement curves previously reported in the literature.
Properties of Packable Dental Composites (2000)

The introduction of many new packable composites suggests that these products are rapidly gaining popularity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro properties of a variety of packable composites and to determine if significant enhancements in physical and mechanical properties have been achieved for these materials compared with two popular nonpackable posterior composites. For the five packable and two regular composites tested (ALERT, Pyramid-Dentin, Pyramid-Enamel, Solitaire, SureFil, Heliomolar, and Z100), the values for fracture toughness, flexure strength, flexure modulus, hardness, and volumetric polymerization shrinkage were determined. In general, although the packable composites were of heavier consistency, they had mechanical properties that were intermediate to (ALERT, Pyramid, and SureFil) or lower than (Solitaire) those of the nonpackable materials. These results could have been predicted based on the similar methacrylate resin chemistry and filler volumes of the various composites. No composite had adequate depth-of-cure when tested in increments greater than 2 mm thick. Polymerization contraction of the packable composites was similar to or higher than that of the nonpackable composites. In addition, the radiopacity of at least one material, Solitaire, was not considered to be adequate (less than 2 mm of aluminum). The results of this study suggest that these packable composites are unlikely to offer improved clinical performance over well-placed nonpackable composites.
Server selection methods in hybrid portal search (2005)

The TREC.GOV collection makes a valuable web testbed for distributed information retrieval methods because it is naturally partitioned and includes 725 web-oriented queries with judged answers. It can usefully model aspects of government and large corporate portals. Analysis of the.gov data shows that a purely distributed approach would not be feasible for providing search on a.gov portal because of the large number (17,000+) of web sites and the high proportion that do not provide a search interface. An alternative hybrid approach, combining both distributed and centralized techniques, is proposed and server selection methods are evaluated within this framework using web-oriented evaluation methodology. A number of well-known algorithms are compared against representatives (highest anchor ranked page (HARP) and anchor weighted sum (AWSUM)) of a family of new selection methods which use link anchortext extracted from an auxiliary crawl to provide descriptions of sites which are not themselves crawled. Of the previously published methods, ReDDE substantially outperformed three variants of CORI and also outperformed a method based on Kullback-Leibler Divergence (extended) except on topic distillation. HARP and AWSUM performed best overall but were outperformed on the topic distillation task by extended KL Divergence.
Genomic biomarkers to predict outcome in Gleason Score 9-10 disease. (2019)

44 Background: Gleason score (GS) 9-10 prostate cancer (PCa) has classically been considered the most aggressive form of clinically localized disease. However, outcomes remain heterogeneous. Whether specific biomarkers may help guide prognostication within GS 9-10 disease remains unknown. Methods: Microarray-derived gene expression data were obtained from six retrospective radical prostatectomy cohorts (n=1076) and two prospective cohorts with data from the Decipher GRID (n=7000). A total of 957 patients had GS 9-10 disease. Clinical outcomes data (i.e., distant metastasis [DM] and prostate cancer-specific mortality [PCSM]) were available for 1077 patients (201 with GS 9-10 disease). We filtered for genes with high expression levels and differential expression between GS 9-10 and GS ≤8 (via Wilcoxon test with adjustment for false discovery rate [FDR]), and then used using weighted gene co-expression network analysis [WGCNA] to identify distinct modules. Genes with both a low p-value and a high connectivity within each module were included as potential predictors in logistic regression models constructed using elastic net regularization. We also chose genes within the GS 9-10 cohort with q-value &lt;0.01 and &lt;0.3 after FDR correction for outcomes of DM and PCSM, respectively. We used the cross-validated AUC for quantifying the discrimination of each gene set. Results: We identified a set of 12 genes with an AUC of 0.81 for discriminating GS 9-10 vs. GS ≤8. A separate set of 7 genes had an AUC of 0.83 for predicting DM within GS 9-10 patients, compared with an AUC of 0.68 within GS ≤8 patients. A third set of 13 genes had an AUC of 0.93 for predicting PCSM within GS 9-10 patients, but an AUC of only 0.57 for predicting PCSM within GS ≤8. Conclusions: These data suggest that a genomic biomarker signature can strongly discriminate GS 9-10 from GS ≤8. Separate gene sets can also predict DM and PCSM within GS 9-10 patients with high fidelity, but are not as predictive of these outcomes within GS ≤8 patients. These data support the hypothesis that GS 9-10 disease is a biologically distinct yet heterogeneous entity, and biomarker discovery efforts to better guide upfront treatment intensification in this subset are feasible and warranted. (NCT02609269).
Effect of Long-Term Hydroxytyrosol Administration on Body Weight, Fat Mass and Urine Metabolomics: A Randomized Double-Blind Prospective Human Study (2022)

Hydroxytyrosol (HT) is a natural antioxidant found in olive products and characterized by well-documented beneficial effects on human health. Several research studies are ongoing that aim to investigate its potency and molecular mechanism of action. The present study aimed to investigate the potential effect of HT on human obesity through a randomized double-blind prospective design. HT in two different doses (15 and 5 mg/day) and a placebo capsule was administered to 29 women with overweight/obesity for six months and their weight and fat mass were monitored at three time points (baseline, 4, 12 and 24 weeks). Statistically significant weight and visceral fat mass loss (%weight loss: <i>p</i> = 0.012, %visceral fat loss: <i>p</i> = 0.006) were observed in the group receiving the maximum HT dosage versus placebo after 4 weeks of the intervention, with attenuation of these findings at 12 and 24 weeks of the study. Urine samples were collected during the intervention and analyzed via liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry for untargeted metabolomic purposes and comparisons between study groups were performed. HT administration was safe and well-tolerated. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first human cohort investigating the effects of HT on obesity for a prolonged study period.
Stress in polycrystalline and amorphous silicon thin films (1983)

Stress in polycrystalline and amorphous silicon thin films deposited on oxidized silicon wafers is determined from the lengthening of the undercut edge of a silicon stripe. The technique measures only compressive stresses, has a stress resolution of 108 dyn/cm2, and a spatial resolution on the wafer of 250 μm. Unannealed silicon thin films deposited on oxide are under high compressive stress (1010 dyn/cm2). This stress is reduced below the resolution by annealing at 1100 °C for 20 min in N2, except for the thinnest polycrystalline silicon films studied (230 nm thick).
Altered body morphology is caused by increased stearate levels in a mutant of Arabidopsis (1994)

A mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana, fab2 , in which a profound developmental phenotype, miniature growth, is caused by an increase in the level of the membrane fatty acid, stearate has been characterized. Miniature growth in fab2 results from changes in cell expansion and maturation processes. Leaf anatomy of fab2 is characterized by cell‐specific changes in expansion growth, by a lack of differentiation in the cells of the leaf blade, and by the absence of air spaces. Leaves of fab2 lack the basipetal gradient in cellular development which is ubiquitous in higher plants. These cellular changes occur without distorting the chronology of development, or destroying the biological integrity of the organism. A second site suppressor mutation, shs , substantially restores both normal fatty acid composition and normal body size, causally linking the two phenotypes. Growth of the fab2 mutant at high temperature substantially corrects the miniature phenotype without altering the fatty acid composition, suggesting a role for membrane structure in the production of the aberrant morphology.
Vesicular stomatitis virus expressing interferon-β is oncolytic and promotes antitumor immune responses in a syngeneic murine model of non-small cell lung cancer (2015)

Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is a potent oncolytic virus for many tumors. VSV that produces interferon-β (VSV-IFNβ) is now in early clinical testing for solid tumors. Here, the preclinical activity of VSV and VSV-IFNβ against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is reported. NSCLC cell lines were treated in vitro with VSV expressing green fluorescence protein (VSV-GFP) and VSV-IFNβ. VSV-GFP and VSV-IFNβ were active against NSCLC cells. JAK/STAT inhibition with ruxolitinib re-sensitized resistant H838 cells to VSV-IFNβ mediated oncolysis. Intratumoral injections of VSV-GFP and VSV-IFNβ reduced tumor growth and weight in H2009 nude mouse xenografts (p < 0.01). A similar trend was observed in A549 xenografts. Syngeneic LM2 lung tumors grown in flanks of A/J mice were injected with VSV-IFNβ intratumorally. Treatment of LM2 tumors with VSV-IFNβ resulted in tumor regression, prolonged survival (p < 0.0001), and cure of 30% of mice. Intratumoral injection of VSV-IFNβ resulted in decreased tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells (Treg) and increased CD8+ T cells. Tumor cell expression of PDL-1 was increased after VSV-IFNβ treatment. VSV-IFNβ has potent antitumor effects and promotes systemic antitumor immunity. These data support further clinical investigation of VSV-IFNβ for NSCLC.
Computer graphics in the study of drug—nucleic acid interactions (1984)

Conference Article| December 01 1984 Computer graphics in the study of drug—nucleic acid interactions STEPHEN NEIDLE STEPHEN NEIDLE 1Cancer Research Campaign Biomolecular Structue Research Group, Department of Biophysics, King's College, 26–29 Drury Lane, London WC2B 5RL, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1984) 12 (6): 1008–1011. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0121008 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation STEPHEN NEIDLE; Computer graphics in the study of drug—nucleic acid interactions. Biochem Soc Trans 1 December 1984; 12 (6): 1008–1011. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0121008 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1984 Biochemical Society1984 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
An oxygen-sensing phosphorescent liquid bandage for post-operative flap monitoring (Conference Presentation) (2018)

Non-invasive monitoring of the transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen (tcpO2) has great potential as the new standard of care in post-operative monitoring of autologous free flaps following cancer, trauma, or other reconstructive surgeries. Tissue perfusion and oxygenation are critical performance measures in the assessment of wound healing and graft monitoring; however, current clinical methods using near-infrared spectroscopy to probe the tissue’s oxygen saturation (StO2) from the local vasculature obscure the skin, require a wired hardware connection, and are ultimately an indirect measure. Herein we demonstrate how an optical liquid bandage, when painted on the flap skin paddle of four women undergoing a deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap reconstruction after mastectomy, can be used to visualize tissue oxygenation using a simple commercial DSLR camera. Our transparent paint-on bandage formulation consists of New-Skin liquid bandage embedded with an oxygen-sensing metallo-porphyrin exhibiting bright red phosphorescence and a green-fluorescing reference dye, fluorescein. Red and green filtered photographs of the bandage were acquired for 48 hours post-operatively, and temporal changes in phosphorescence corresponding to tcpO2 were compared directly to StO2 readings obtained from a standard near-infrared tissue oximeter (ViOptix) placed on the same flap. Preliminary results show that the relative phosphorescence intensity reported by the liquid bandage inversely correlates with the stO2 values provided by the current gold standard of care, the ViOptix, as expected, while being substantially less obtrusive and enabling visualization of the flap beneath, even in patients with high melanin content, providing an additional advantage over current methods.
Superoxide Oxidation of Hydroxy- and Keto-Polyaromatics Including Internal Quinones (1993)

Abstract Aromatic 1,2-dicarboxylic acids can be obtained by KO2 oxidation of polyaromatics comprising analogs of 1-naphthol, sterically hindered alcohols and ketones, and, perhaps most interestingly, quinones fused on both sides to aromatic rings. A mechanism is presented to rationalize the formation of phthalic acid as the only major product from 5,12-naphthacenequinone.
Efficient Catalysts for Cyclohexane Dehydrogenation Synthesized by Mo-Promoted Growth of 3D Block Carbon Coupled with Mo2C (2018)

Cyclohexane can serve as a good dihydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) carrier and a safer medium to store and transport H<sub>2</sub>, as it is liquid under ambient conditions and it has a relatively high hydrogen density per unit volume (0.056 g(H<sub>2</sub>)/cm<sup>3</sup>(Cy)<sub>liq.</sub>). However, cyclohexane can release H<sub>2</sub> only with efficient cyclohexane dehydrogenation catalysts. Here, we report the synthesis of three-dimensional micron-sized block carbon-molybdenum carbide (BCMC) composite materials that can serve as noble-metal-free catalysts for cyclohexane dehydrogenation. The materials are synthesized by a facile hydrothermal synthetic route, and their structures and morphologies are characterized by various analytical techniques. The results show that the BCMCs, along with specific morphologies, form when a source of Mo is included in the precursor and that the sizes of the microparticles in them can be tailored by changing the relative amount of Mo used for their synthesis. The as-synthesized BCMC materials exhibit high catalytic activity for cyclohexane dehydrogenation while remaining stable and maintaining their catalytic activities during the reaction. The materials' catalytic activity increases as the amount of Mo used to make the materials is increased. This is further found to be because the BCMC materials containing higher amounts of ammonium molybdate or higher densities of Mo<sub>2</sub>C provide substantially lower activation energies for the reaction. These materials can be expected to find industrial applications for catalytic production of H<sub>2</sub> from hydrocarbons.
On-chip light-sheet fluorescence imaging flow cytometry at a high flow speed of 1 m/s (2018)

We present on-chip fluorescence imaging flow cytometry by light-sheet excitation on a mirror-embedded microfluidic chip. The method allows us to obtain microscopy-grade fluorescence images of cells flowing at a high speed of 1 m/s, which is comparable to the flow speed of conventional non-imaging flow cytometers. To implement the light-sheet excitation of flowing cells in a microchannel, we designed and fabricated a mirror-embedded PDMS-based microfluidic chip. To show its broad utility, we used the method to classify large populations of microalgal cells (<i>Euglena gracilis</i>) and human cancer cells (human adenocarcinoma cells). Our method holds promise for large-scale single-cell analysis.
Supplementary Table 1 from Targeting the PI3K Pathway in the Brain—Efficacy of a PI3K Inhibitor Optimized to Cross the Blood–Brain Barrier (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 58K, Bioluminescence Analysis of U87 Intracranial Tumors in Mice at the Start of Treatment (Day 7 post-surgery) and at the End of Study (Day 28)&lt;/p&gt;
Multicomputer networks for smart structures (1993)

A crucial element of a smart structure is the computer system that processes data collected by sensors and determines an appropriate response. Multicomputers possess many capabilities that are required in computer systems for smart structures. This research examines the implementation and use of multicomputers for distributed processing in smart structures. The research begins by examining previous research and showing the suitability of multicomputers for distributed processing in smart structures. Appropriate cost and performance metrics for evaluating multicomputer architectures are defined. The cost metrics are the number of processors, the number of communication links, and the length of fiber required to embed the network in the structure. The performance measures are the algorithm cycle time and the mean and standard deviation of message latency in the network. The scalability of these metrics is also examined. A key issue in the examination of these metrics is how their application to smart structures differs from their application in traditional systems. The research continues by using a three-processor testbed network to identify general characteristics of algorithms that may be executed in smart structures. The testbed network uses fiber optic sensing, the MIL-STD-1773 communication protocol, and several different assignments for partitioning the necessary computations among the processing nodes to determine the shape of a triangular structure. The effects of math coprocessing on performance and the viability of hybrid links, in which a single optical fiber is used simultaneously for sensing and communication, are also demonstrated. Simulation models of a damage detection, location, and estimation algorithm implemented in VHDL, a hardware description language, are used to examine and compare the performance of multicomputer interconnection network topologies. The topologies examined in this research are a binary hypercube, a custom planar topology, and a custom hierarchical topology. The ability of hierarchical architectures to limit cost while providing acceptable performance is demonstrated. The simulations also examine the effects of background message traffic and the ratio of communication time to processing time on performance. The combined results of the testbed and simulation experiments show the importance of process assignment and scheduling.