gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The functional impairment of natural killer cells during influenza virus infection (2009)

Natural killer (NK) cells have a critical role in clearing influenza virus, which primarily infects the lung epithelial cells. However, the ability of influenza virus to infect and manipulate NK cells has not been studied. In this context, we hypothesized that influenza virus can target NK cells leading to a functional impairment in their ability to mediate cytotoxicity and cytokine/chemokine generations. Here, we show influenza virus, PR8, can enter and infect NK cells. This infection did not alter the expression levels of activating, inhibitory or developmental receptors of NK cells. However, infection of NK cells by PR8 reduced the cytotoxicity to tumor cells that represent 'induced-self' and 'missing-self'. PR8-infection also significantly downregulated the NCR1, NKG2D, Nkpr1c, Ly49D and CD244 receptors-mediated generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Mutations in the non-structural protein 1 (NS1) of influenza virus further augmented the functional impairment of NK cells. Our observations show the presence of a new, but yet to be explored, mechanism by which the influenza virus can evade immune detection.
A selective defect of interferon alpha production in human immunodeficiency virus-infected monocytes. (1991)

1433), there were errors in the nucleotide primer and probe sequences presented in Table The correct sequences of nucleotides
First-principles analysis of generalized stacking fault energies of Al and Ni with hydrogen (2014)

The Japan Soclety of Mechanlcal Englneers
Identification of specific carbonic anhydrase inhibitors via in situ click chemistry, phage-display and synthetic peptide libraries: comparison of the methods and structural study (2022)

The development of highly active and selective enzyme inhibitors is one of the priorities of medicinal chemistry. Typically, various high-throughput screening methods are used to find lead compounds from a large pool of synthetic compounds, and these are further elaborated and structurally refined to achieve the desired properties. In an effort to streamline this complex and laborious process, new selection strategies based on different principles have recently emerged as an alternative. Herein, we compare three such selection strategies with the aim of identifying potent and selective inhibitors of human carbonic anhydrase II. All three approaches, <i>in situ</i> click chemistry, phage-display libraries and synthetic peptide libraries, led to the identification of more potent inhibitors when compared to the parent compounds. In addition, one of the inhibitor-peptide conjugates identified from the phage libraries showed greater than 100-fold selectivity for the enzyme isoform used for the compound selection. In an effort to rationalize the binding properties of the conjugates, we performed detailed crystallographic and NMR structural analysis, which revealed the structural basis of the compound affinity towards the enzyme and led to the identification of a novel exosite that could be utilized in the development of isoform specific inhibitors.
Secrecy Performance of Finite-Sized In-Band Selective Relaying Systems With Unreliable Backhaul and Cooperative Eavesdroppers (2018)

This paper investigates the secrecy performance of a finite-sized in-band selective relaying system with M transmitters connected via unreliable backhaul links, N decode-and-forward relays, and K collaborative eavesdroppers. To send the source message to the destination, a transmitter-relay pair that achieves the highest end-to-end signal-to-noise ratio is selected for transmissions, while the K eavesdroppers combine all the received signals from the selected transmitter and relay using maximal ratio combining. The proposed model introduces backhaul reliability and eavesdropping probability parameters to investigate practical constraints on the transmitter-relay cooperation and eavesdropper collaboration, respectively. Closed-form expressions are derived for the secrecy outage probability, probability of non-zero achievable secrecy rate, and ergodic secrecy rate for non-identical frequency-selective fading channels with robust cyclic-prefixed single carrier transmissions. These results show that the asymptotic secrecy outage probability and probability of non-zero achievable secrecy rate are exclusively determined by the number of transmitters M and their corresponding set of backhaul reliability levels. Under unreliable backhaul connections, it is found that the secrecy diversity gain is determined by M, N, and the number of multipath components in the frequency selective fading channels. Link-level simulations are conducted to verify the derived impacts of backhaul reliability and collaborative eavesdropping on the secrecy performance.
Buffer management for colored packets with deadlines (2009)

We consider buffer management of unit packets with deadlines for a multi-port device with reconfiguration overhead. The goal is to maximize the throughput of the device, i.e., the number of packets delivered by their deadline. For a single port or with free reconfiguration, the problem reduces to the well-known packets scheduling problem, where the celebrated earliest-deadline-first (EDF) strategy is optimal 1-competitive. However, EDF is not 1-competitive when there is a reconfiguration overhead. We design an online algorithm that achieves a competitive ratio of 1 - o(1) when the ratio between the minimum laxity of the packets and the number of ports tends to infinity. This is one of the rare cases where one can design an almost 1-competitive algorithm. One ingredient of our analysis, which may be interesting on its own right, is a perturbation theorem on EDF for the classical packets scheduling problem. Specifically, we show that a small perturbation in the release and deadline times cannot significantly degrade the optimal throughput. This implies that EDF is robust in the sense that its throughput is close to the optimum even when the deadlines are not precisely known.
Evaluation of a Multisite Model for the Prediction of Rolling Textures in HCP Metals (2005)

International audience
Primary Bimorphic Adrenocortical Disease (2011)

McCune-Albright syndrome (polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, café-au-lait skin spots, and precocious puberty) is a genetically mosaic disorder with populations of mutant and normal cells in affected organs. Cushing syndrome, a rare feature of the condition, usually affects infants and is the result of corticotropin-independent primary bilateral adrenal disease, usually interpreted as nodular adrenocortical hyperplasia. In this study of 9 patients with Cushing syndrome and McCune-Albright syndrome, light microscopy revealed a characteristic bimorphic pattern of diffuse and nodular hyperplasia and a distinctive form of cortical atrophy with apparent zona glomerulosa hyperplasia in 8 patients, all very young. The pattern could be explained by the presence of a mosaic distribution of mutant and normal cells in the adrenal glands. The findings are different from those in inherited or other forms of genetically caused Cushing syndrome. The ninth patient, aged 17 years, had an adrenal adenoma and diffuse cortical hyperplasia in each adrenal gland.
Development of a transient internal probe diagnostic (1992)

The transient internal probe (TIP) diagnostic is a novel method for probing the interior of hot magnetic fusion plasmas. In the TIP scheme, a probe is fired, using a two-stage light gas gun, through a hot plasma at velocities up to 5 km/s, and makes direct, local measurements of the internal magnetic field structure. The data are relayed to the laboratory optical detection system using an incident laser that is directed through a Faraday rotator payload acting as a magneto-optic sensor. Ablative effects are avoided by minimizing the probe size, limiting the time that the probe is in the hot plasma, and encasing the probe with a diamond cladding. The degree to which the diamond probe cladding is susceptible to ablative effects will determine the plasma density and temperature regime in which the TIP diagnostic can be used. If the TIP suffers significant ablation it is an indication that the diagnostic is not usable on this hot and dense of a plasma (or that greater velocity must be imparted to the probe to further minimize the time that it is in the plasma). A quantitative experimental study of the ablation rates of diamond is planned as part of the TIP development. The integrated TIP system will be functional in 1992 and installed on the Helicity Injected Torus (HIT) [T. R. Jarboe, Fusion Tech. 15, 9 (1989)] at the University of Washington.
Near-field observation of selective photomodification in fractal aggregates (2003)

Summary form only given. Optical properties of metal fractal nanocomposites consisting of monomers with high polarizability are determined to a large extent by the localized dipolar modes with high Q-factors. The localized optical modes ("hot spots") of silver colloid aggregates were directly observed with the help of photon scanning tunneling microscope (PSTM). These modes arise because of light-induced interactions between monomers in fractals, and the most important is interaction between closely located monomers. There are many different local configurations of monomers in a fractal, so eigenmodes cover a broad spectral range. We report the first observation as well, as computer simulations of changes in the near-field images of fractal nanocomposites that occur through selective photomodification. Fractal aggregates were synthesized both from a controlled precipitation from silver colloidal solution and laser evaporation of a silver target in a buffer gas. Electron microscopic study of these samples showed that fractal clusters consist of hundreds of 2030 nm diameter monomers.
Recognition, Diagnosis, and Management of Wilson's Disease (2000)

Abstract. Wilson's disease is a relatively rare inherited disorder of copper accumulation and toxicity, caused by a defect in an enzyme that is part of the pathway of biliary excretion of excess copper. Clinically, patients usually present as older children or young adults with hepatic, neurologic, or psychiatric manifestations, or some combination of these. Wilson's disease is unusual among genetic diseases in that it can be very effectively treated. The prevention of severe permanent damage depends upon early recognition and diagnosis by the physician, followed by appropriate anticopper treatment. Anticopper treatments have evolved considerably since the days when the only drug available was penicillamine. Zinc is now the recommended therapy for long‐term management of the disease.
Anaerobic Bacteria Degrading Low Molecular Chlorinated Fatty Acids and Related Compounds (1991)

Two anaerobic rod-shaped bacteria, strains K-1 and ACR were isolated from mesophilic digester sludge acclimatized with 4-chlorobutyrate or acrylate as the main energy and carbon source. Both bacteria have tentatively been classified in the genus Clostridium because of their cell morphology and spore formation. Strain K-1 could utilize chlorinated compounds such as 4- and 3-chlorobutyrate and 3-chloropropionate, and the main products were butyrate and acetate, propionate and acetate, respectively. Crotonate and 3-hyflroxybutyrate could be also degraded by strain K-1 and the same products from the degradation of 4-chlorobutyrate were observed. Strain ACR could utilize acrylate to produce propionate and acetate. It could also utilize chlorinated fatty acids such as 4-chlorobutyrate and 3-chloropropionate. However, neither of the strains could utilize saturated fatty acids such as propionate and butyrate. Reductive dechlorination or saturation of unsaturated bond may thus possibly serve as a regeneration system for a reduced coenzyme, which may be formed in an oxidation pathway of such compounds to acetate.
Synchrotron Radiation Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of Thermally Grown Oxides on 4H-SiC(0001) Si-Face and (000-1) C-Face Substrates (2012)

The fundamental aspects of thermal oxidation and oxide interface grown on 4H-SiC(0001) Si-face and (000-1) C-face substrates were investigated by means of high-resolution x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) using synchrotron radiation together with electrical measurements of SiC-MOS capacitors. We found that, for both cases, there existed no distinct C-rich transition layer despite the literature. In contrast, atomic scale roughness causing degradation of SiC-MOS devices, such as negative fixed charge and electrical defects just at the oxide interface, was found to be introduced as thermal oxidation progressed, especially for the (000-1) C-face substrate.
80×224 Gb/s Unrepeated Transmission over 240 km of Large-Aeff Pure Silica Core Fibre without Remote Optical Pre-amplifier (2011)

We demonstrate the record capacity of 16 Tb/s unrepeated transmission over 240 km of large-Aeff fibre without remote optical pre-amplifier using 50 GHz-spaced 224 Gb/s DP-16QAM, corresponding to record capacity-distance product of 3.84 Pb/s·km.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF SOME CARBON‐3 SUBSTITUTED 1,4‐BENZODIAZEPIN‐2‐ONES AND THEIR CENTRAL EFFECTS (1980)

Abstract Die 3‐substituierten Vertreter (I) werden ausgehend von 3‐Hydroxy‐1,4‐benzodiazepin‐2‐onen über die 3‐Chlorderivate erhalten und an Mäusen auf ZNS‐Wirkun untersucht.
Real‐time bioluminescence imaging of a protein secretory pathway in living mammalian cells using Gaussia luciferase (2007)

Using photon counting and charge-coupled device (CCD) cameras, we have applied the method of real-time bioluminescence imaging to investigate protein trafficking in mammalian cells. In the living cells of Chinese hamster ovary and PC12D cells, exocytotic secretion of protein and protein targeting on the cell surface were visualized using the secreted Gaussia luciferase (GLase) as a reporter protein in a minute. After incubation of the cells with luciferin (coelenterazine) for 10min, luciferin was imported into the cells and the vesicle transport network in the cells could be shown by luminescence images of GLase activity. Further, we demonstrate that GLase with a heterologous signal peptide sequence is targeted to the cell surface in neuronally differentiated PC12D cells and luminescence signals could be detected in a few seconds.
Monte Carlo Backbone Sampling for Nucleic Acids Using Concerted Rotations Including Variable Bond Angles (2004)

An efficient concerted rotation algorithm for use in Monte Carlo statistical mechanics simulations of nucleic acids is reported. The corresponding algorithm “concerted rotations with flexible bond angles” (CRA) for sampling polypeptides was found to be superior to local moves that included only flexible dihedral angles by allowing exploration of a larger conformational space as well as facilitating backbone transitions. The performance of the present CRA algorithm for polynucleotides is compared to two alternatives, a simple update of main-chain torsion angles and a previously reported, concerted rotation algorithm with fixed bond angles and a mix of flexible and rigid main-chain dihedral angles. The test system is a 12 base-pair duplex B-form DNA helix, and the performance comparisons are made for the system both in a vacuum and with continuum GB/SA solvation. The results demonstrate the superior efficiency of the CRA method over the alternatives.
The Rate of Technological Improvement before and after the 1830s (1979)

This paper aims to question how the rate of improvement of technology has changed in time. Improvement is, of course, a word that will require a lot of restriction before it will be useful. Yet other papers have dealt with concepts of technological improvement and have discussed how rapidly it occurs. What has not been dealt with critically is the way in which such growth rates have changed in the last century or so. It is the aim of this paper to look quantitatively at a properly circumscribed concept of improvement. We shall find that until the 1830s such rates of technological change were nearly constant, but afterward the rate of improvement increased radically. This acceleration reflects the arrival of new capabilities and attitudes which we should try to understand. The following restrictions and definitions will be used in the considerations that follow:
Lesion detectability in automated breast ultrasound (2014)

Automated Breast Ultrasound systems introduce a new ultrasound-imaging technology to address some of the drawbacks of the traditional handheld ultrasound. The detection performance of this new technology is studied. The lesion detectability performance is measured using Monte-Carlo simulation techniques for the observers of the synthesized images generated by the automated breast ultrasound systems. This performance is compared to detection performance of the observer when handheld ultrasound images are available. It is shown that resolution degradation in the synthesized images results in lower detection performance as compared to the handheld images scanning the same plane.
Emission bifréquence d'un laser à semiconducteur en cavité externe à 852 nm pour les horloges atomiques a césium (orale) (2013)

National audience
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of 2‐(4‐Nitrophenylsulfonyl)ethoxycarbonyl‐O‐t‐butyl‐L‐serine, Threonine, and Tyrosine. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Discovery of Potent Tetrazole Free Fatty Acid Receptor 2 Antagonists (2023)

The free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFA2), also known as GPR43, mediates effects of short-chain fatty acids and has attracted interest as a potential target for treatment of various metabolic and inflammatory diseases. Herein, we report the results from bioisosteric replacement of the carboxylic acid group of the established FFA2 antagonist CATPB and SAR investigations around these compounds, leading to the discovery of the first high-potency FFA2 antagonists, with the preferred compound TUG-2304 (<b>16l</b>) featuring IC<sub>50</sub> values of 3-4 nM in both cAMP and GTPγS assays, favorable physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties, and the ability to completely inhibit propionate-induced neutrophil migration and respiratory burst.
Advanced Electric Submersible Pump Design Tool for Geothermal Applications (2012)

Electrical Submersible Pumps (ESPs) present higher efficiency, larger production rate, and can be operated in deeper wells than the other geothermal artificial lifting systems. Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) applications recommend lifting 300 C geothermal water at 80kg/s flow rate in a maximum 10-5/8-inch diameter wellbore to improve the cost-effectiveness. In this paper, an advanced ESP design tool comprising a 1D theoretical model and a 3D CFD analysis has been developed to design ESPs for geothermal applications. Design of Experiments was also performed to optimize the geometry and performance. The designed mixed-flow type centrifugal impeller and diffuser exhibit high efficiency and head rise under simulated EGS conditions. The design tool has been validated by comparing the prediction to experimental data of an existing ESP product.
ChemInform Abstract: Enzyme‐Activated Antagonists of the Strychnine‐Insensitive Glycine/ NMDA Receptor. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Hydrophone Spatial Averaging Artifacts for Pulsed Doppler Beams from Array Transducers (2020)

This paper reports underestimation of peak compressional pressure (pc), peak rarefactional pressure (pr), and pulse intensity integral (pii) due to hydrophone spatial averaging of pulsed Doppler beams generated by clinical linear and phased arrays. Although a method exists for correcting for hydrophone spatial averaging for circularly-symmetric beams, there is presently no analogous method for rectangularly-symmetric beams generated by linear and phased arrays. Consequently, pressure parameters (pc, pr and pii) from clinical arrays are often not corrected for spatial averaging. This can lead to errors in Mechanical Index (MI) and Thermal Index (TI), which are derived from pressure measurements and are displayed in realtime during clinical ultrasound scans. Pulsed Doppler beams were generated using three clinical linear array transducers. Output pressure waveforms for all three transducers were measured using five hydrophones with geometrical sensitive element sizes (d <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> ) ranging from 85 to 1000 μm. Spatial averaging errors were found to increase with hydrophone sensitive element size. For example, if d <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> = 500 μm (typical membrane hydrophone), frequency = 6 MHz and F /# = 2, then average errors are approximately -40% (pc), -20% (pr), and -50% (pii). Therefore, due to hydrophone spatial averaging, typical membrane hydrophones can exhibit significant underestimation of Doppler pressure measurements, which likely compromises exposure safety indexes.
Older Men Living with HIV: The Importance of Spirituality (2008)

Since the microchip assay is rapid and highly sensitive, it should have better clinical utility than the current methods.
The Giant Magellan Telescope adaptive optics program (2014)

The Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT) adaptive optics (AO) system will be an integral part of the telescope, providing laser guidestar generation, wavefront sensing, and wavefront correction to every instrument currently planned on the 25.4 m diameter GMT. There will be three first generation AO observing modes: Natural Guidestar, Laser Tomography, and Ground Layer AO. All three will use a segmented adaptive secondary mirror to deliver a corrected beam directly to the instruments. The Natural Guidestar mode will provide extreme AO performance, with a total wavefront error less than 185 nm RMS using bright guidestars. The Laser Tomography mode uses 6 lasers and a single off-axis natural guidestar to deliver better than 290 nm RMS wavefront error at the science target, over 50% of the sky at the galactic pole. The Ground Layer mode uses 4 natural guidestars on the periphery of the science field to tomographically reconstruct and correct the ground layer AO turbulence, improving the image quality for wide-field instruments. A phasing system maintains the relative alignment of the primary and secondary segments using edge sensors and continuous feedback from an off-axis guidestar. We describe the AO system preliminary design, predicted performance, and the remaining technical challenges as we move towards the start of construction.