gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ceramide Inhibits IgG-Dependent Phagocytosis in Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes (1997)

Ceramide is a product of agonist-induced sphingolipid metabolism in several cell types, including polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). In adherent PMNs, the kinetics of ceramide production correspond with the termination of fMLP-stimulated H2O2 release. Furthermore, short chain ceramides inhibit fMLP-mediated H2O2 release in adherent PMNs. In the present study, we investigated the effects of short chain ceramides and sphingoid bases on phagocytosis of IgG-opsonized erythrocytes (EIgG) by suspended PMNs activated with fMLP. N-Acetylsphingosine, N-acetylphytosphingosine, phytosphingosine, sphingosine, and dihydrosphingosine, but not N-acetyldihydrosphingosine, inhibited phagocytosis of EIgG. In contrast, these same lipids did not inhibit fMLP-mediated chemotaxis. Endogenous ceramide levels increased within the first few minutes of phagocytosis, with a significant (P < .05) accumulation by 30 minutes, the time by which phagocytosis was terminated. Neutral sphingomyelinase activity paralleled the increase in ceramide, consistent with the generation of ceramide by the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin. The N-acetyl-conjugated sphingols (C2 ceramides) blocked phosphatidylethanol formation indicating that phospholipase D (PLD) is an intracellular target of ceramide action. These data suggest that ceramides, generated through activation of the sphingomyelin cycle, act as negative regulators of Fc(gamma)R-mediated phagocytosis.
Study of Alkaline Electrodes for Hybrid Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells (2010)

Hybrid polymer electrolyte fuel cells combine a proton exchange membrane (PEM) and anion exchange membrane (AEM) and exhibit unique advantages. The electrochemical performance and current limitations of a hybrid cell with an alkaline electrode fabricated on a Nafion membrane was characterized at as a function of relative humidity. To separate the individual characteristics of the AEM anode and cathode electrodes, two semihybrid cell configurations, each with an AEM and PEM electrode, were constructed and compared to a conventional PEM fuel cell. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to diagnose the cell component characteristics. In particular, low catalyst utilization in the AEM electrode was a primary factor in the performance losses in the hybrid cells.
A Temporal Logic Inference Approach for Model Discrimination (2016)

We propose a method for discriminating among competing models for biological systems. Our approach is based on learning temporal logic formulas from data obtained by simulating the models. We apply this method to find dynamic features of epidermal growth factor induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation that are strictly unique to positive versus negative feedback models. We first search for a temporal logic formula from a training set that can eliminate ERK dynamics observed with both models and then identify the ERK dynamics that are unique to each model. The obtained formulas are tested with a validation sample set and the decision rates and classification rates are estimated using the Chernoff bound. The results can be used in guiding and optimizing the design of experiments for model discrimination.
Irreversible Thermodynamic Bound for the Efficiency of Light-Emitting Diodes (2017)

A thermodynamic model for light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is developed by considering energy and entropy flows in the system. Thermodynamic constraints have previously been considered separately for the reversible process of electroluminescence in LEDs and for light extraction and collimation in other optical systems. By considering both processes in the LED model, an irreversible upper bound for the conversion of electrical energy to optical energy is derived and shown to be higher than unity, but tighter and more realistic than the reversible case. We also model a LED as an endoreversible heat engine where the carrier-transport processes can be directly connected to the elements of a thermodynamic cycle.
Multiscale texture segmentation using wavelet-domain hidden Markov models (2002)

Wavelet-domain hidden Markov tree (HMT) models are powerful tools for modeling the statistical properties of wavelet transforms. By characterizing the joint statistics of the wavelet coefficients, HMTs efficiently capture the characteristics of a large class of real-world signals and images. In this paper, we apply this multiscale statistical description to the texture segmentation problem. Using the inherent tree structure of the HMT, we classify textures at various scales and then fuse these decisions into a reliable pixel-by-pixel segmentation.
Comparison of initial oral microbiomes of young adults with and without cavitated dentin caries lesions using an in situ biofilm model (2018)

Dental caries is caused by acids released from bacterial biofilms. However, the in vivo formation of initial biofilms in relation to caries remains largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to compare the oral microbiome during the initial phase of bacterial colonization for individuals with (CC) and without (NC) cavitated dentin caries lesions. Bovine enamel slabs on acrylic splints were worn by the volunteers (CC: 14, NC: 13) for in situ biofilm formation (2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 1 ml saliva as reference). Sequencing of the V1/V2 regions of the 16S rRNA gene was performed (MiSeq). The relative abundances of individual operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were compared between samples from the CC group and the NC group. Random forests models were furthermore trained to separate the groups. While the overall heterogeneity did not differ substantially between CC and NC individuals, several individual OTUs were found to have significantly different relative abundances. For the 8 h samples, most of the significant OTUs showed higher relative abundances in the CC group, while the majority of significant OTUs in the saliva samples were more abundant in the NC group. Furthermore, using OTU signatures enabled a separation between both groups, with area-under-the-curve (AUC) values of ~0.8. In summary, the results suggest that initial oral biofilms provide the potential to differentiate between CC and NC individuals.
Highly Selective Iridium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Trifluoromethyl Olefins: A New Route to Trifluoromethyl‐ Bearing Stereocenters (2009)

Abstract magnified image Fluorine‐containing compounds are useful in many applications ranging from pharmaceuticals to ferroelectric crystals. We have developed a new, highly enantioselective synthetic route to trifluoromethyl‐bearing stereocenters in up to 96% ee via asymmetric hydrogenation using N,P‐ligated iridium catalysts. We also hydrogenated an isomeric mixture of olefins; this reaction gave the hydrogenation product highly enantioselectively (87% ee ), and only the E isomer was present after the reaction had reached 56% conversion.
Bentonite ‐ Clay ‐ Supported Cuprous Iodide Nanoparticles (BENT‐ CuI NPs): A New Heterogeneous Catalyst in Diversity ‐ Oriented Synthesis of 1, 2, 3‐ Triazoles in Aqueous Medium (2019)

Abstract Bentonite clay supported cuprous iodide nanoparticles (BENT‐CuI NPs) were prepared and demonstrated for the first time as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst in diversity oriented, green synthesis of 1,2,3‐triazoles by one‐pot, three component reaction between alkyl halides, arylboronic acids, or epoxides with alkynes and sodium azide in aqueous medium. The catalyst was characterized by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP‐AES), Energy Dispersive X‐ray Spectroscopy(EDS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X‐Ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) as well as Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET) techniques and was found to be reusable for five consecutive runs without significant loss of activity.
Measurement of indirect CP asymmetries in D0 → K−K+ and D0 → π − π+ decays using semileptonic B decays (2015)

Time-dependent CP asymmetries in the decay rates of the singly Cabibbosuppressed decays D 0 K -K + and D 0 - + are measured in pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb -1 collected by the LHCb experiment. The D 0 mesons are produced in semileptonic b-hadron decays, where the charge of the accompanying muon is used to determine the initial state as D 0 or D 0 . The asymmetries in effective lifetimes between D 0 and D 0 decays, which are sensitive to indirect CP violation, are determined to be
Einführung cyclischer Amidinein nitrilhaltige Polymere in der Schmelze (2003)

Abstract No abstracts.
Design, Synthesis, and Miniemulsion Polymerization of New Phosphonate Surfmers and Application Studies of the Resulting Nanoparticles as Model Systems for Biomimetic Mineralization and Cellular Uptake (2012)

Heterophase polymerizations have gained increasing attention in the past decades, especially as the decoration and functionalization of the particle surface for further applications gets more and more into focus. One promising approach for the functionalization exclusively on the particle surface is the use of surfmers (surfactant and monomer). Herein, we present the synthesis of a new family of surfmers and their use for decorating nanoparticles with phosphonate groups through miniemulsion polymerization. Furthermore the synthesis of a dye-labeled functional surfmer provided an elegant manner to evaluate and get deeper insights about its copolymerization. Additionally, potential applications of the synthesized particles in biological studies as well as their use as template for biomimetic mineralization are presented.
Monitoring in Situ Bioremediation at the Rifle, Colorado IFRC Site with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Magnetic Susceptibility Measurements (2012)

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and magnetic susceptibility (MS) borehole logging measurements were collected at the Rifle Integrated Field Research Challenge (IFRC) site. The Rifle IFRC site is located at a former uranium ore‐processing facility in Rifle, Colorado. Although removed from the site by 1996, leachate from spent mill tailings has resulted in residual uranium contamination of both groundwater and sediments within the local aquifer. Since 2002, research at the site has primarily focused on quantifying uranium mobility associated with stimulated biogeochemical processes. Ongoing studies at the site include an acetate amendment strategy, in which stimulation of native microbial populations by introduction of a carbon source serves to alter local redox conditions, and immobilization of uranium in insoluble forms. NMR and MS logging measurements were taken before, during, and after acetate amendment. Changes in these signals are expected to correlate with changes in redox conditions and iron speciation thus potentially allowing their use as a non‐invasive tool for monitoring bioremediation. Experimental data was collected from two wells upstream of the acetate amendment, used as controls, and from three downstream wells. The MS measurements revealed vertically stratified magnetic mineralization, likely the result of a detrital magnetic fraction within the bulk alluvium. Data were highly replicable over the monitoring interval, with little to no change observed in the MS measurements, suggesting negligible production of magnetic phases (e.g. magnetite, pyrrhotite) as a result of enhanced microbial activity. NMR measurements had high levels of noise contamination requiring significant signal processing, and ongoing analysis suggests that any changes due to enhanced microbial activity may be difficult to differentiate from simultaneous changes in water content.
Accessory Spleen Only Detected Following Repeat Ultrasonographic Examinations: A Case Report (2019)

Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by isolated thrombocytopenia (<100,000/ µl). In patients newly diagnosed with ITP, treatment is initiated if thrombocyte count is <30,000/µl or if bleeding is present. Corticosteroids are the first treatment option. Second-line treatment is initiated in unresponsive patients and/or in the case of relapse ITP. Splenectomy, rituximab and thrombopoietin receptor agonists are currently make up the most effective second-line treatments. One of the causes of relapse after splenectomy in patients with ITP is the presence of an accessory spleen. Herein, we present a patient who relapsed 3 months after splenectomy and whose accessory spleen was detected 6 years post-splenectomy and at the third abdominal ultrasonography (USG) examination. We aimed to emphasize the importance of insisting on splenic investigation in patients with ITP who have relapsed post-splenectomy.
CD28:B7 BLOCKADE PREVENTS TRANSPLANT VASCULOPATHY AND MONONUCLEAR CELL INFILTRATION IN A FULLY ALLOGENEIC CARDIAC TRANSPLANT MODEL (1998)

138 CTLA4Ig is a recombinant fusion protein that inhibits T cell activation by blocking the CD28:B7 interaction and is known to prevent acute rejection and induce long term graft acceptance in animal models. We have previously reported that CTLA4Ig prevents chronic rejection in the non-fully allogeneic F344 to LEW model. The aim of the current study is to assess the impact of CTLA4Ig in a more clinically relevant fully allogeneic cardiac allograft model with specific reference to mixed lymphocyte reactivity, CD8+ cytotoxicity, donor-specific allo-antibody production, and long term graft morphology. LEW rats were challenged with WF cardiac allografts. A single dose of 0.5mg CTLA4Ig in conjunction with the iv administration of 4×107 donor specific spleen cells induced long term graft acceptance in 50 % of the recipients (n=12). At the timepoint of acute rejection (day+7) lymphocytes from CTLA4Ig treated animals showed significant reductions in donor specific mixed lymphocyte reactivity (Relative Response: 0.03 against WF, 0.7 against BN), compared to acutely rejecting unmodified controls. The anti-donor CTL generation/function was almost completely abolished (controls 29.1% lysis, CTLA4Ig 1.2% lysis). Flow cytometric studies of serum samples revealed profound inhibition of anti-donor allo-antibody responses. Morphometric analysis of grafts explanted at 150 days was performed using a semiquantitive scoring system in which graft vascular lesions were scored from 0 (no lesions) to 5 (severe lesions). Minimal transplant vasculopathy developed in both CTLA4Ig treated animals as well as isograft controls (Score 0.83±0.1 vs. 0.37±0.2, p=NS). In contrast, LEW recipients of WF cardiac allografts treated with long term cyclosporine (25mg/day for 14 days, thereafter 5mg/day) developed severe transplant vasculopathy (score: 2.4±0.4, p<0.05 against CTLA4Ig treated animals). After 150 days immunohistochemical analysis from grafts of CTLA4Ig treated animals showed a significantly reduced degree of T-cell infiltrates (p<0.001) as well as monocyte/macrophage infiltrates (p<0.001), as compared to cyclosporine treated animals. These results indicate that T cell costimulatory blockade induces long term graft acceptance by modulating the effector mechanisms of rejection in a fully allogeneic cardiac transplant model. More importantly, CTLA4Ig prevented the development of transplant vasculopathy compared with the long term administration of cyclosporine. This is of special interest, as clinical studies with CTLA4Ig are planned.
Low-loss characteristics of a multimode polymer optical circuit at 1.3-μm wavelength on printed circuit board (2017)

We propose an optical and electrical hybrid LSI package with high bandwidth of 2.4 Tb/s and parallel multi-mode optical links at 1.3 μm using a polymer optical waveguide and our original optical I/O module. We report a silicate based organic-inorganic hybrid polymer optical circuit fabrication including waveguide, mirror and connector on electrical LSI package substrate. We also present about the propagation loss, bending loss and coupling loss at 1.3 μm using a MMF and a Si photonics transmitter. The propagation loss of the multimode polymer waveguide is 0.3 dB/cm at 1.3 μm. The minimum bending radian and value generated additional loss is 5 mm and 0.2 dB, respectively. The coupling loss of butt-coupling and mirror coupling from the polymer optical waveguide to the MMF is 0.4 dB and 1.2 dB, respectively. In addition, we measure the optical characteristics of LSI package substrate using our Si photonics transmitter integrated with vertical polymer waveguide. Owing to adoption of multi-mode transmission, large 1-dB alignment tolerances were obtained with efficient optical coupling.
Atezolizumab + obinutuzumab + venetoclax in patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell Lymphomas (R/R DLBCL): Primary analysis of a phase II trial from LYSA. (2020)

8053 Background: R/R DLBCL treatment remains challenging. Atezolizumab (ATE) and obinutuzumab (OBI) are monoclonal antibodies acting respectively to inhibit T-lymphocyte exhaustion or by inducing lymphoma cells cytotoxicity, whereas venetoclax (VEN) is a small molecule inhibiting BCL-2. Combining tumor-targeted therapies with agents that enhance anti-tumor immunity represents an attractive treatment paradigm. This LYSA sponsored multicenter phase 2 trial (NCT03276468) evaluate the combination of ATE, OBI and VEN in R/R B lymphomas, we present here primary efficacy and safety data fromthe DLBCL cohort. Methods: Patients ≥18 years with biopsy-confirmed R/R DLBCL who failed at least one line of therapy were eligible. OBI was given IV at the dose of 1 g on day (D) 1, 8 and 15 of cycle (C) 1 and on D1 from C2 to C8 every 3 weeks. ATE was given IV, 1.2 g every 3 weeks, started at D2 of C1, then administered at D2 of each cycle for 24 cycles. VEN was given orally at 800 mg/D at full dose, started on D8C1 for 24 cycles. The primary endpoint wasthe Overall Metabolic Response Rate (OMRR) by Lugano criteria at the end of induction (EOI) after 8 cycles of ATE, OBI and VEN (M6) or at premature treatment discontinuation. Results: At the time of the primary analysis (03 Jan 2020), 58 pts were enrolled and the median follow-up was 9 months [6.9-11.8]. Baseline characteristics were: median age, 70 years; male, 53.4%; Ann Arbor Stage IV, 84.5%; aaIPI (≥2), 63.2%; &gt; 2 prior lines of therapy, 83.6%; and refractory to last line of prior regimen, 63.6%. The OMRR at EOI was measured at 23.6% [14.58%-34.93%], including 18% of CMR. To date, these responses seem durable with only 3 reported relapses. According to the highest diameter mass, OMRR was 38.5% versus 10.3%, &lt; 5cm and &gt; 5cm respectively; P = 0,02. All three treatments were stopped in 78% of patients, mostly for progressive disease. At the time of analysis, a median of 4 cycles [1-8] has been administered. A total of 48 (84.2%) pts experienced grade 3–4 adverse event (AE) and 6 (10.5%) had an AE that led to discontinuation of any drug.AE of grade 3 or more reported in at least 20% of patients were neutropenia (33.3%) and lymphopenia (35.1%). Of note, a grade 3 autoimmune colitis and a grade 1 hypothyroidism were reported during induction. Conclusions: The ATE, OBI and VEN combinationappears to be well tolerated. The OMRR rate at EOI is comparable with currently available treatment options in this population, with durable responses. The OMRR seems better in patients with a low tumor burden. Clinical trial information: NCT03276468 .
Kinetic and mechanistic investigations of the formation of polyimides under homogeneous conditions (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetic and mechanistic investigations of the formation of polyimides under homogeneous conditionsY. J. Kim, T. E. Glass, G. D. Lyle, and J. E. McGrathCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 6, 1344–1358Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00058a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00058a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1219Altmetric-Citations85LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Fanconi Anemia Core Complex Forms Four Complexes of Different Sizes in Different Subcellular Compartments (2004)

Fanconi anemia (FA) is an autosomal recessive disease marked by congenital defects, bone marrow failure, and cancer susceptibility. FA cells exhibit a characteristic hypersensitivity to DNA crosslinking agents such as mitomycin C. The molecular mechanism for the disease remains elusive, but at least 6 FA proteins are known to be part of what is termed the FA core complex. We used affinity pulldown of FLAG-FANCA to pull down the FA complex from whole-cell extracts. Mass spectroscopy detected previously reported FA-binding proteins, including FANCA, FANCC, FANCG, cdc2, and GRP94, thus validating the approach. We further describe a method of purification of the FA core complex in an effort to find novel complex components and biochemical activity to define the function of the complex. By using conventional chromatographic fractionation of subcellular preparations, we report: (i) the FA core complex exists in a cytoplasmic form at 500-600 kDa; (ii) a larger, 750-kDa cytoplasmic form is seen only at mitosis; (iii) a nuclear form achieves a size of 2 megaDaltons; and (iv) a distinct 1-megaDalton FA core complex exists bound to chromatin that contains phosphorylated FANCA after undergoing DNA damage. We are continuing our analysis using mass spectroscopy in an effort to characterize novel binding proteins. These data will help define the biochemical role of the FA core complex in normal cell physiology as well as in the development of the FA disease state.
Design and Synthesis of New Boron-Based Benzo[c][1,2,5]oxadiazoles and Benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazoles as Potential Hypoxia Inhibitors (2023)

Benzo[c][1,2,5]oxadiazoles and benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazoles are recognized to possess potent pharmacological activities including anticancer potential. In continuation of our research endeavors in the development of boron-based heterocycles as potential therapeutic agents, herein we report the design and synthesis of new series of boron-based benzo[c][1,2,5]oxadiazoles and benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazoles as anticancer agents targeting tumor hypoxia. A series of seventeen compounds were synthesized in two steps in an efficient manner via substitution reactions followed by subsequent hydrolysis of aryltrifluoroboronate salts into corresponding boronic acid derivatives in the presence of silica. This is the first example to develop boron-based hypoxia agents. The synthesized hybrids were characterized by suitable spectroscopic techniques. The biological studies are currently underway.