gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In vitro Volumetric Particle Velocimetry, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), and in vivo 4D Flow MRI Hemodynamic Data in Two Patient-Specific Cerebral Aneurysms (2019)

&lt;p&gt;The data provided in this publication was used to evaluate parameters including wall shear stress (WSS), oscillatory shear index (OSI), and relative residence times (RRT) across multiple modalities and two patient-specific aneurysm geometries. Specifically, the assumptions and limitations of each modality coupled with the varying and often low spatial resolution and their subsequent effect on the hemodynamic metrics was explored. The results of this study demonstrated that non-dimensional parameters, such as OSI, were more robust to varying modalities and spatial resolutions and thus may provide more robust risk or growth and rupture assessments. These results demonstrate a need for further investigation and development of non-dimensional parameters and correlation of such parameters to risk of aneurysm.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Additionally, the pulsatile particle velocimetry results provided here can be used as robust validation test cases for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solvers.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;These data files were created using Matlab 2016.&lt;/p&gt;
Accelerator Grid Life Modeling of T6 Ion Thruster for BepiColombo (2020)

The T6 ion thruster is providing in-space propulsion for the BepiColombo mission, currently en route to Mercury. Simulations of the accelerator grid erosion during flight operation were carried out using the CEX2D and CEX3D codes in order to verify that the grid lifetime will be sufficient to impart the 5.75 total impulse per thruster required for the mission. Before calculating in-space erosion rates, the models were benchmarked against data from long-duration wear tests. Two-dimensional simulations tracked the time-dependent grid geometry and calculated changes in the electron backstreaming limit as the grids eroded. Sensitivity studies assessed the impact of uncertainty in the operating screen-to-accelerator grid gap on . Three-dimensional simulations employed a particle-in-cell model for the charge exchange ions and were able to accurately reproduce the nonaxisymmetric pits and grooves erosion pattern observed on the downstream face of the accelerator grid following ground testing. Charge exchange ion space charge effects were found to broaden the pit erosion features in flight, further reducing the peak erosion rate relative to that observed on the ground. The simulations predicted that T6 will have sufficient margin against both electron backstreaming and accelerator grid wearthrough over the duration of the mission.
Regulatory T cells in oral and self-tolerance (1998)

Several mechanisms of immunologic tolerance have been proposed, including deletion, anergy and active suppression. Deletion and anergy have been reported based on data from both in vivo and in vitro experiments, but evidence to support the involvement of active suppression in tolerance has been elusive, principally because of the difficulty in defining regulatory T (Tr) cells with immunosuppressive activity. However, data characterizing the function of Tr cells has recently begun to emerge both from experiments in the field of oral tolerance and from others utilizing transgenic (Tg) mice. One such model which we described uses Tg mice expressing a foreign physiological soluble antigen, beef insulin (BI), while another uses T cell receptor (α/β) Tg mice, whose T cell receptors (TCR) are specific for ovalbumin (OVA). Using such models, adoptive transfer of the Tr clones specific for myelin basic protein (MBP) from orally tolerant mice into naive mice was shown to protect the animals from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) has been shown to be responsible for the immuno-suppression. Tr clones functioning in self-tolerance have also been obtained from mice expressing TCR or BI transgenes. T cell cultures from OVA specific TCR expressing Tg mice were stimulated in the presence of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and OVA peptide to produce Tr clones. The Tr clones secreted IL-10 and TGF-β as immunosuppressive factors. Tr clones with a different characteristic have been obtained from BI Tg mice. Adoptive transfer of the Tr clones into normal mice suppressed the BI specific antibody response. These Tr clones have type II Th cytokine profile and produced TGF-β as an inhibitory cytokine. TGF-β production also led to functional bystander suppression in the BI Tg mice. These three different types of Tr clones show considerable heterogeneity in the cytokine profiles. Further investigation of Tr cells will be important for our understanding of autoimmunity and the development of tactics for the therapy of autoimmune disease.
In vivo dark-field imaging of the retinal pigment epithelium cell mosaic (2013)

Non-invasive reflectance imaging of the human RPE cell mosaic is demonstrated using a modified confocal adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscope (AOSLO). The confocal circular aperture in front of the imaging detector was replaced with a combination of a circular aperture 4 to 16 Airy disks in diameter and an opaque filament, 1 or 3 Airy disks thick. This arrangement reveals the RPE cell mosaic by dramatically attenuating the light backscattered by the photoreceptors. The RPE cell mosaic was visualized in all 7 recruited subjects at multiple retinal locations with varying degrees of contrast and cross-talk from the photoreceptors. Various experimental settings were explored for improving the visualization of the RPE cell boundaries including: pinhole diameter, filament thickness, illumination and imaging pupil apodization, unmatched imaging and illumination focus, wavelength and polarization. None of these offered an obvious path for enhancing image contrast. The demonstrated implementation of dark-field AOSLO imaging using 790 nm light requires low light exposures relative to light safety standards and it is more comfortable for the subject than the traditional autofluorescence RPE imaging with visible light. Both these factors make RPE dark-field imaging appealing for studying mechanisms of eye disease, as well as a clinical tool for screening and monitoring disease progression.
CAT: A Cost-Aware BitTorrent (2007)

With an enhanced client computer performance and network bandwidth, peer-to-peer (P2P) content distribution networks are receiving much attention. However, along with the popularization of P2P content distribution networks, inter- Internet service provider (ISP) traffic and ISP costs are increasing, and pose an impediment for making a potential P2P content distribution network social infrastructure. This paper presents a method to constitute P2P content distribution networks and a reduction in ISP costs by considering the form of the ISP interconnection in its distribution. Results from our simulations show that our proposal achieves a reduction in ISP costs and distribution time, regardless of the number of peers joining a P2P network and the capacity of its content.
Large effective mass and interaction-enhanced Zeeman splitting of K-valley electrons in MoSe2 (2018)

We study the magnetotransport of high-mobility electrons in monolayer and bilayer ${\mathrm{MoSe}}_{2}$, which show Shubnikov--de Haas (SdH) oscillations and quantum Hall states in high magnetic fields. An electron effective mass of $0.8{m}_{e}$ is extracted from the SdH oscillations' temperature dependence; ${m}_{e}$ is the bare electron mass. At a fixed electron density the longitudinal resistance shows minima at filling factors (FFs) that are either predominantly odd, or predominantly even, with a parity that changes as the density is tuned. The SdH oscillations are insensitive to an in-plane magnetic field, consistent with an out-of-plane spin orientation of electrons at the $K$ point. We attribute the FF parity transitions to an interaction enhancement of the Zeeman energy as the density is reduced, resulting in an increased Zeeman-to-cyclotron energy ratio.
Automatic Feature Learning to Grade Nuclear Cataracts Based on Deep Learning (2015)

The proposed method is useful for assisting and improving clinical management of the disease in the context of large-population screening and has the potential to be applied to other eye diseases.
Implementing constructive alignment theory in a power system analysis course using a consensus model (2012)

This article presents a consensus-based course design process which considers the implementation of constructive alignment theory (CAT) in a power system analysis course. A new concept for course design which uses the consensus decision-making process involving different stakeholders in the learning process is exposed, and the considerations required to implement this approach in a power system analysis course are described. To examine the effect of this approach, three different course evaluations were conducted by querying the students during different stages of the course. These evaluations show that most of the students find a benefit for their learning in the implementation of CAT within the new course design. These observations are supported by a comparison of the students' performance with the new course design with an antecessor course. Finally, the Two-Factor Study Process Questionnaire (R-SPQ-2F) was utilized to identify the students that adopted a deep or surface approach during the course. During this process, several limitations which affect the quality of the results from the R-SPQ-2F questionnaire were identified. In view of these limitations, and to extract relevant information from R-SPQ-2F, a ranking algorithm was developed. This information helps selecting relevant student feedback which can be used to improve the course design in subsequent deliveries.
Transport critical current density and microstructure in extruded YBa2Cu3O7−x wires processed by zone melting (1990)

YBa2Cu3O7−x compounds were extruded into long wires with the diameter of 1 mm after sintering. The sintered wires were subsequently zone melted to develop a highly textured microstructure. Magnetization experiments at 77 K indicated a Jc value of 1×105 A/cm2 at 1 T. Transport measurements at 77 K showed a greatly enhanced field dependence of the critical current density. Transmission electron microscopy revealed an important grain-boundary feature which eliminated the weak-link behavior. Large amounts of dislocations have also been found in the zone-melted sample which may contribute to flux pinning in the system.
Iminosugar Amino Acid idoBR1 Reduces Inflammatory Responses in Microglia (2022)

(1) Background. Inflammation is reported to be a key factor in neurodegeneration. The microglia are immune cells present in the central nervous system; their activation results in the release of inflammatory cytokines and is thought to be related to aging and neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. (2) Methods. A mouse BV-2 microglia cell line was activated using LPS and the anti-inflammatory cucumber-derived iminosugar amino acid idoBR1, (2<i>R</i>,3<i>R</i>,4<i>R</i>,5<i>S</i>)-3,4,5-trihydroxypiperidine-2-carboxylic acid, was used alongside dexamethasone as the control to determine whether it could reduce the inflammatory responses. (3) Results. A dose-dependent reduction in the LPS-induced production of the proinflammatory factors TNFα, IL-6, and nitric oxide and the transcription factor NF-<i>κ</i>B was found. (4) Conclusions. Further investigations of the anti-inflammatory effects of idoBR1 in other models of neurodegenerative diseases are warranted.
Supplementary Table 7 from SMAC Mimetic (JP1201) Sensitizes Non–Small Cell Lung Cancers to Multiple Chemotherapy Agents in an IAP-Dependent but TNF-α–Independent Manner (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 72K, There are significant negative and positive correlations with various oncogene and tumor suppression gene mutations. * Bold figures identify significant Pearson correlations (p&lt;0.05).&lt;/p&gt;
Myocarditis following COVID ‐19 vaccine: incidence, presentation, diagnosis, pathophysiology, therapy, and outcomes put into perspective. A clinical consensus document supported by the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the ESC Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases (2022)

Over 10 million doses of COVID-19 vaccines based on RNA technology, viral vectors, recombinant protein, and inactivated virus have been administered worldwide. Although generally very safe, post-vaccine myocarditis can result from adaptive humoral and cellular, cardiac-specific inflammation within days and weeks of vaccination. Rates of vaccine-associated myocarditis vary by age and sex with the highest rates in males between 12 and 39 years. The clinical course is generally mild with rare cases of left ventricular dysfunction, heart failure and arrhythmias. Mild cases are likely underdiagnosed as cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is not commonly performed even in suspected cases and not at all in asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic patients. Hospitalization of symptomatic patients with electrocardiographic changes and increased plasma troponin levels is considered necessary in the acute phase to monitor for arrhythmias and potential decline in left ventricular function. In addition to evaluation for symptoms, electrocardiographic changes and elevated troponin levels, CMR is the best non-invasive diagnostic tool with endomyocardial biopsy being restricted to severe cases with heart failure and/or arrhythmias. The management beyond guideline-directed treatment of heart failure and arrhythmias includes non-specific measures to control pain. Anti-inflammatory drugs such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and corticosteroids have been used in more severe cases, with only anecdotal evidence for their effectiveness. In all age groups studied, the overall risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection-related hospitalization and death are hugely greater than the risks from post-vaccine myocarditis. This consensus statement serves as a practical resource for physicians in their clinical practice, to understand, diagnose, and manage affected patients. Furthermore, it is intended to stimulate research in this area.
Analysis of distributed mobility anchoring for 4G systems (2007)

As 3G wireless systems evolve towards 4G, various wireless network technology organizations looking at network architectures for 4G are considering a redesign of the network away from the traditional centralized, hierarchical design to wards a more distributed operation of network functions. In this article, we present some mechanisms for distributed operation of the mobility anchoring function for 4G systems, with a view to highlighting the tradeoffs that drive the design choice of whether to centralize or distribute the mobility anchoring function. We analyze various aspects of distributed mobility anchoring, such as processing requirements at base stations and management of IP address pools. Our analysis shows that if certain trends in the deployment of wireless networks continue to materialize, then distributed mobility anchoring can be a feasible solution for 4G networks.
High-Resolution Functional Cardiac MR Imaging using Density-Weighted Real-Time Acquisition and a Combination of Compressed Sensing and Parallel Imaging for Image Reconstruction (2010)

DECO parallel imaging facilitates high acceleration factors, which allows real-time MR acquisition of the heart dynamics and function with an image quality comparable to that conventionally achieved with clinically established triggered cine imaging.
FPGA-Based High-Performance Force Control System With Friction-Free and Noise-Free Force Observation (2013)

In this paper, a novel force-sensing method is proposed for a high-performance force control system based on friction-free and noise-free force observation. A periodic signal is inserted into the control system for friction reduction. A combination of a high-order disturbance observer (DOB) (HDOB) and a Kalman filter is constructed to perform the force sensing. The HDOB is designed to estimate the force and reject oscillatory disturbances in the estimation. The force-sensing bandwidth is improved through effective noise suppression by the Kalman filter. Additionally, this paper proposes the application of the HDOB to the bilateral control system of a different master-slave mechanism. All the control algorithms are implemented in a field-programmable gate array with a high sampling rate that also enables the widening of the bandwidth of the force control system. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by experimental results.
Spectral Intensity Mapping and Analysis of Dyed Microflows (2004)

The objective of this work is to develop simple reliable software to observe and quantify diffusion phenomena in microfluidic devices. One of the great advantages of microfluidic technology is that it permits the flow and diffusion of multiple streams in a single channel. The accurate control of a diffusion-based process has applications in bio-analytical chemistry, production of organic compounds and combinatorial chemistry. This method has been discussed in the literature as Laminar Fluid Diffusion Interface technology. It is heavily dependant on the controlled and reproducible introduction of several fluids into one channel and enables the design of separation and detection systems based on laminar fluid diffusion interfaces. A method of analyzing and interpreting the diffusion behavior of multiple microflows using the MATLAB programming language as an image analysis tool is presented here. This paper considers two dimensional brightfield and time series images but the method can be applied to other forms, including fluorescent and three-dimensional images. The approach taken relies on the fact that a digital image stores its colour information in signal channels. The information contained in the channels depends on the colour method being used to define the image. Software-based spectral filtering is performed, yielding three dimensional intensity maps of dyed and clear microflows. These maps can be used to monitor diffusion behavior in a number of different areas simultaneously. Spectral noise reduction techniques are also incorporated without significant reduction in original data quality. The technique is used to determine the aqueous diffusion coefficient of the dye Green S by processing digital images taken at set time intervals of two seconds in a stopped-flow experiment. The approach is applied to microflows in straight, two-dimensional serpentine and three-dimensional serpentine channel configurations.
Dendritic tree extraction from noisy maximum intensity projection images in C. elegans (2014)

Overall, our DTE method allows for robust dendritic tree segmentations in noisy MIPs, outperforming traditional intensity-based methods. Such approach provides a useable segmentation framework, ultimately delivering a speed-up for dendritic tree identification on the user end and a reliable first step towards further morphological characterizations of tree arborization.
Long-term disease modifying effect by glucosamine sulfate in knee osteoarthritis : relationship between structure and symptom changes (2000)

peer reviewed
PORNOGRAPHY DETECTION IN VIDEO USING CHARACTERISTIC MOTION PATTERNS (2016)

A mechanism for detecting pornographic content in a video based on an analysis of characteristic motions in the video. The motion-based mechanism is complimentary to appearance-based and audio-based approaches, and therefore can be employed in combination with such approaches, or by itself. In one implementation, the mechanism employs a first phase of unsupervised learning, and a second phase of supervised learning. In the first phase, characteristic motion patterns are discovered and clustering is performed. In one implementation, characteristic motion patterns are discovered by analyzing the relative displacements of large numbers of ordered trajectory pairs over time. In the second phase, a classifier is trained to associate the clusters identified in the first phase with pornographic content. A motion pattern descriptor (e.g., a feature vector, etc.) for a video (e.g., a newlyuploaded video, etc.) is obtained and is provided to the trained classifier to obtain a pornography score for the video .
Solid state reactions as a method of introducing transition metal cations into high-silica zeolites (1992)

Solid state reactions can be used to introduce one or more multivalent transition metal cations into high-silica zeolites. Most such cations cannot be introduced into these matrices by other methods. The influence of various factors on the processes of stabilisation of the cationic species in the zeolite channels is analysed. Pentasil-based systems with distinct, isolated centres form unique subjects for studying the relationship between the catalytic properties of the transition metal cation and the local structure of the centre. Highly active and stable catalysts for the complete oxidation of alkanes and for the decomposition of nitrogen oxides can be obtained by solid-state modification of the pentasils. The bibliography includes 65 references.
HSPB1 facilitates ERK-mediated phosphorylation and degradation of BIM to attenuate endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis (2017)

BIM, a pro-apoptotic BH3-only protein, is a key regulator of the intrinsic (or mitochondrial) apoptosis pathway. Here, we show that BIM induction by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is suppressed in rat PC12 cells overexpressing heat shock protein B1 (HSPB1 or HSP27) and that this is due to enhanced proteasomal degradation of BIM. HSPB1 and BIM form a complex that immunoprecipitates with p-ERK1/2. We found that HSPB1-mediated proteasomal degradation of BIM is dependent on MEK-ERK signaling. Other studies have shown that several missense mutations in HSPB1 cause the peripheral neuropathy, Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease, which is associated with nerve degeneration. Here we show that cells overexpressing CMT-related HSPB1 mutants exhibited increased susceptibility to ER stress-induced cell death and high levels of BIM. These findings identify a novel function for HSPB1 as a negative regulator of BIM protein stability leading to protection against ER stress-induced apoptosis, a function that is absent in CMT-associated HSPB1 mutants.
Performance improvement of sound-absorbing materials using natural bamboo fibers and their application (2004)

An acoustic material has been newly developed from the viewpoint of environmental protection. For this purpose, we used a natural resource, bamboo fiber, to manufacture sound-absorbing material. Until now, the sound-absorbing material has been developed using the crushed bamboo fibers. This material, however, is too heavy. To solve this problem, we have tried to develop a material using the explosion method. The normal incidence sound absorption coefficient of the bamboo fiber material was measured to be confirmed the basic properties. In addition, the characteristic impedance and the propagation constant of the material were measured. The contour lines of the sound absorption coefficient were calculated to find the relation of thickness and air space of the material with respect to density. In addition, we considered the influence of random incidence, and evaluated the material by adapting it to actual loudspeakers. The results show that the weight problem was solved, that the bamboo wool material works effectively in an actual product. Consequently, fundamental design criteria have been confirmed using the newly developed bamboo fiber material for sound absorption.