gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
0446 Trends and Patterns in Prescriptions of Hypnotics for The Treatment of Insomnia in Japan: Analysis of A Nationwide Japanese Claims Database (2022)

Abstract Introduction Optimal treatment of insomnia is uncommon, given the lack of awareness regarding insomnia management. While the treatment landscape for insomnia has evolved following the introduction of orexin receptor antagonists (ORA), few studies have examined prescribing patterns of hypnotics. We analyzed data from a claims database to examine real-world use of hypnotics in Japan. Methods Patients (aged ≥20 to &amp;lt;75 years old) with insomnia diagnosis, prescribed ≥1 hypnotic and continuous enrollment for ≥12 months before the index date were extracted from the JMDC claims database between April 1st, 2009 and March 31st, 2020. Patients were classified as new users of hypnotics or long-term users (prescribed the same mechanism of action [MOA] for ≥180 days). Trends (2010–2019) and patterns (2018–2019) in hypnotics prescriptions were analyzed. Results The analysis comprised of 130,177 new users and 91,215 long-term users (2010–2019). Nearly all new users (97.1%–97.9%) were prescribed a single MOA in each year. In 2010, almost all new users (94.0%) of hypnotics were prescribed GABAA-receptor agonists (benzodiazepines [BZD] or z-drugs). The proportions of patients prescribed BZD declined over time (from 54.8% in 2010 to 30.5% in 2019), whereas those prescribed z-drugs remained stable (~40%). The proportion of patients prescribed a melatonin receptor agonist increased slightly (3.2% to 6.3%), while those prescribed ORA increased substantially (0% to 20.2%). Among long-term users, the proportion of patients prescribed BZD steadily declined over time, but more than half were prescribed BZD. Unlike new users, a lower proportion of long-term users were prescribed ORA (0% in 2010, 4.3% in 2019). Analyses using 2018–2019 data showed that a combination of multiple (≥2) MOAs was prescribed to a higher proportion (18.2%) of long-term users than new users (2.8%). The prescription patterns of hypnotics were comparable among patients stratified by age, sex, medical specialty, and psychiatric comorbidities. Conclusion The present study showed distinct characteristics in the patterns and trends of the prescriptions of hypnotics among new users and long-term users in Japan. The high proportion of long-term BZD users suggests the need for educating clinicians about the optimal care pathway for insomnia. Support (If Any) MSD K.K., Tokyo, Japan
Comparison of microtransducer and fiberoptic catheters for urodynamic studies (2001)

There is a significant difference between maximum urethral closure pressure values recorded by the microtransducer and fiberoptic catheter systems. No significant difference was found between the two systems in measurement of Valsalva "leak point pressure."
Construction of a flocculent brewer's yeast strain secreting Aspergillus niger β-galactosidase (2000)

One way of improving heterologous protein production is to use high cell density systems, one of the most attractive being the flocculating yeast production system. Also, lactose is available in large amounts as a waste product from cheese production processes. The construction of flocculent and non-flocculent brewer's yeast strains secreting beta-galactosidase and growing on lactose is presented. A plasmid was constructed coding for an extracellular beta-galactosidase of Aspergillus niger and having, as selective marker, the yeast CUP1 gene conferring resistance to copper. This selective marker allows for the transformation of wild-type yeasts. This work represents an important step towards the study of heterologous protein secretion by flocculent cells.
Strain-Level Analysis of Mother-to-Child Bacterial Transmission during the First Few Months of Life (2018)

Bacterial community acquisition in the infant gut impacts immune education and disease susceptibility. We compared bacterial strains across and within families in a prospective birth cohort of 44 infants and their mothers, sampled longitudinally in the first months of each child's life. We identified mother-to-child bacterial transmission events and describe the incidence of family-specific antibiotic resistance genes. We observed two inheritance patterns across multiple species, where often the mother's dominant strain is transmitted to the child, but occasionally her secondary strains colonize the infant gut. In families where the secondary strain of B. uniformis was inherited, a starch utilization gene cluster that was absent in the mother's dominant strain was identified in the child, suggesting the selective advantage of a mother's secondary strain in the infant gut. Our findings reveal mother-to-child bacterial transmission events at high resolution and give insights into early colonization of the infant gut. Using longitudinal metagenomic sequencing from 44 mother/child pairs, Yassour et al. characterized mother-to-child strain transmission patterns. While mothers' dominant strains were often inherited, nondominant secondary strain transmissions were also observed. Microbial functional analysis reveals that inherited maternal secondary strains may have a selective advantage to colonize infant guts.
Dirac-cone physics and zero-refractive index medium (2012)

Two dimensional (2D) photonic and acoustic/elastic crystals can be designed to exhibit Dirac cone dispersions at the centre of the Brillouin zone at a finite frequency by accidental degeneracy. Using effective medium theories, we can map a subset of these structures to a material with effective permittivity and permeability simultaneously equal to zero in photonic crystals, and with effective mass density and reciprocal of bulk modulus (1/ C44) simultaneously equal to zero in acoustic(elastic) crystals. The concept of 2D Dirac cone can be extended to three dimensions.
Physical Layer Aspects of NG-PON2 Standards—Part 2: System Design and Technology Feasibility [Invited] (2015)

This is the second of a two-part paper intended to provide technical insight and rationales behind the recently approved ITU-T G.989.2 Recommendation: the physical media dependent layer specification of the 40-gigabit-capable passive optical networks (NG-PON2). While Part 1 of the paper discusses topics related to the optical link design, Part 2 focuses on wavelength control, technology feasibility, management and control channel design, and potential future standardization directions of such a multi-wavelength PON system. As the NG-PON2 system will continue to evolve, technology extensions are also discussed to provide guidance for future research.
Flight validation of downlinked flight management system 4D trajectory (2007)

4-Dimensional (4D) trajectory-based operations (TBO) are viewed as a key enabler for future air operations by both SESAR1 and NextGen2. The European Commission project NUP 2+3 has created a unique infrastructure that provides the networking of real-time 4D Trajectory (4DT) data created by GE Aviation's (formerly Smiths Aerospace) B737 flight management system (FMS) with air traffic management functions during revenue flights. This FMS has been modified to output and downlink an implementation of the ARINC 702A-1 "Trajectory Bus", making the FMS-predicted 4DT available to controllers on the ground. This provision of the aircraft 4DT to the Air Navigation Service Provider (ANSP) has enabled a set of TBOs in Sweden including 4DT-based arrival management with time-based metering to the runway threshold, application of required time of arrival (RTA) to fine-tune this arrival management, and 4DT enabled advanced-continuous descent arrivals (A-CDA), referred to as "green approaches" by the project. The NUP2+ project goals include facilitating the study of 4DT performance requirements, associated 4DT air/ground networking requirements and producing operational flight data to support further studies. To begin to produce such study data, a series of controlled Trajectory Evaluation Flights was conducted by the NUP2+ project in December 2006. This paper presents an overview of the motivation, objectives, experiment conduct, and preliminary data analysis of this initial set of flights. Plans for the project's expansion of these experiments are also discussed.
Effects of anticodon 2′-O-methylations on tRNA codon recognition in an Escherichia coli cell-free translation (2000)

The methylation of 2'-hydroxyl groups is one of the most common posttranscriptional modifications of naturally occurring stable RNA molecules. Some tRNA species have a 2'-O-methyl nucleoside at the first position of the anticodon, and it was suggested that this modification stabilizes the codon-anticodon duplex. However, no tRNA species have been found to have the modification at the second or third position of the anticodon. In the present study, we measured the effects of anticodon 2'-O-methylation on the codon-reading efficiencies of the anticodon variants of the unmodified forms of Escherichia coli tRNA1(Ser), using a cell-free protein synthesis assay. The modification of C in the first position of the anticodon into 2'-O-methylcytidine increased the efficiency of reading the G-ending codon. On the other hand, the modifications of the second and/or third positions were detrimental to the codon-reading activity. Thus, 2'-hydroxyl groups at the second and third positions of the anticodon may have some role in the translation reaction, and this may be the reason why 2'-O-methyl nucleosides are not found in these positions within natural tRNA species.
Spectral measurements of nonlinear absorption in polymethine and squarylium dyes (1998)

Summary form only given. We report measurements of these two dyes at wavelengths from 440 to 650 nm. The experimental light source is a singly resonant picosecond optical parametric oscillator (OPO) synchronously pumped by the third harmonic of a flash-lamp-pumped Nd:YAG laser. It is continuously tunable from 400 to 700 nm using two critically phase-matched BBO crystals mounted for walk-off compensation.
Wideband Electrically Pumped 1050-nm MEMS-Tunable VCSEL for Ophthalmic Imaging (2015)

In this paper, we present a 1050 nm electrically-pumped micro-electro-mechanically-tunable vertical-cavity-surface-emitting-laser (MEMS-VCSEL) with a record dynamic tuning bandwidth of 63.8 nm, suitable for swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) imaging. These devices provide reduced cost & complexity relative to previously demonstrated optically pumped devices by obviating the need for a pump laser and associated hardware. We demonstrate ophthalmic SS-OCT imaging with the electrically-pumped MEMS-VCSEL at a 400 kHz axial scan rate for wide field imaging of the in vivo human retina over a 12 mm × 12 mm field and for OCT angiography of the macula over 6 mm × 6 mm & 3 mm × 3 mm fields to show retinal vasculature and capillary structure near the fovea. These results demonstrate the feasibility of electrically pumped MEMS-VCSELs in ophthalmic instrumentation, the largest clinical application of OCT. In addition, we estimate that the 3 dB coherence length in air is 225 meters ± 51 meters, far greater than required for ophthalmic SS-OCT and suggestive of other distance ranging applications.
Histone/protein deacetylase 11 targeting promotes Foxp3+ Treg function (2017)

Current interest in Foxp3+ T-regulatory (Treg) cells as therapeutic targets in transplantation is largely focused on their harvesting pre-transplant, expansion and infusion post-transplantation. An alternate strategy of pharmacologic modulation of Treg function using histone/protein deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) may allow more titratable and longer-term dosing. However, the effects of broadly acting HDACi vary, such that HDAC isoform-selective targeting is likely required. We report data from mice with constitutive or conditional deletion of HDAC11 within Foxp3+ Treg cells, and their use, along with small molecule HDAC11 inhibitors, in allograft models. Global HDAC11 deletion had no effect on health or development, and compared to WT controls, Foxp3+ Tregs lacking HDAC11 showed increased suppressive function, and increased expression of Foxp3 and TGF-β. Likewise, compared to WT recipients, conditional deletion of HDAC11 within Tregs led to long-term survival of fully MHC-mismatched cardiac allografts, and prevented development of transplant arteriosclerosis in an MHC class II-mismatched allograft model. The translational significance of HDAC11 targeting was shown by the ability of an HDAC11i to promote long-term allograft allografts in fully MHC-disparate strains. These data are powerful stimuli for the further development and testing of HDAC11-selective pharmacologic inhibitors, and may ultimately provide new therapies for transplantation and autoimmune diseases.
Volute Flow Influence on Wet Gas Compressor Performance (2017)

The world’s energy demand is increasing, asking for new and cost-efficient ways to extract oil and gas. With traditional technologies, oil and gas production relies on a sufficiently high well head pressure for transportation to nearby process facilities. Utilization of subsea wet gas compression systems enables production at significantly lower pressures and is a favourable solution concerning production in remote regions. Wet gas compressors are particularly useful when handling multiphase mixtures consisting of 95%–100% gas, on a volumetric basis. The remaining content is water and liquid condensate, which introduces flow mechanisms such as droplet deposition, liquid film formation and momentum transfer, which influence the fundamental flow behavior through the compressor. Previous tests have documented the occurrence of compressor hysteresis at low compressor flow rates. Recent findings have revealed the flow interaction between the diffuser and the volute is a governing factor concerning the documented hysteresis. This kind of behaviour induces challenges with regard to compressor performance prediction and securing stable operation. An experimental test campaign has been performed at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU). The test facility is an open loop configuration consisting of a shrouded centrifugal impeller, a vaneless diffuser and a circular volute. The test was performed by establishing the compressor characteristics while monitoring the diffuser/volute flow regime. Emphasis was put on the volute flow characteristics and the correlation with the compressor performance. The investigation reveals that the volute flow characteristics and the interaction with the diffuser has a distinct impact on the compressor performance, particularly at lower gas mass fractions. Furthermore, the test reveals that the diffuser design is a key factor concerning the performance impact.
Data from ACRIN-FMISO-Brain (2018)

The objective of the ACRIN 6684 multi-center clinical trial was to determine the association of baseline FMISO PET uptake (maximal tumor to blood ratio, hypoxic volume) and MRI parameters (Ktrans, CBV) with overall survival, time to disease progression, and 6-month progression free survival in participants with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The trial also collected standard brain cancer data such as Karnofsky performance status, but also pathological biomarkers that included MGMT status, HIF1-alpha, GLUT1, CAIX, CD31, and alpha-SMA expression assays.
Supplementary Figure 3 from <i>CMTM3</i>, Located at the Critical Tumor Suppressor Locus 16q22.1, Is Silenced by CpG Methylation in Carcinomas and Inhibits Tumor Cell Growth through Inducing Apoptosis (2023)

Supplementary Figure 3 from &lt;i&gt;CMTM3&lt;/i&gt;, Located at the Critical Tumor Suppressor Locus 16q22.1, Is Silenced by CpG Methylation in Carcinomas and Inhibits Tumor Cell Growth through Inducing Apoptosis
Device to monitor sock use in people using prosthetic limbs: Technical report (2012)

A device using radio frequency identification (RFID) technology was developed to continuously monitor sock use in people who use prosthetic limbs. RFID tags were placed on prosthetic socks worn by subjects with transtibial limb loss, and a high-frequency RFID reader and antenna were placed in a portable unit mounted to the outside of the prosthetic socket. Bench testing showed the device to have a maximum read range between 5.6 cm and 12.7 cm, depending on the RFID tag used. Testing in a laboratory setting on three participants with transtibial amputation showed that the device correctly monitored sock presence during sitting, standing, and walking activity when one or two socks were worn but was less reliable when more socks were used. Accurate detection was sensitive to orientation of the tag relative to the reader, presence of carbon fiber in the prosthetic socket, pistoning of the limb in the socket, and overlap among the tags. Use of ultra-high-frequency RFID may overcome these limitations. With improvements, the technology may prove useful to practitioners prescribing volume accommodation strategies for patients by providing information about sock use between clinical visits, including timing and consistency of daily sock-ply changes.
Predicting of Punching Shear Capacity of Corroded Reinforced Concrete Slab-column Joints Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques (2023)

Rebars in reinforced concrete (RC) slab-column structures may corrodeunder unfavourable conditions, making slab-column joints (SCJs) more susceptibleto punching shear (PS) failure. Moreover, PS failure is a common brittle failure,which makes it more difficult to evaluate slab column systems' functioning andfailure probability. Thus, the prediction of PS resistance and the related reliabilityanalysis are key factors for building RC slab-column systems. In this study, a highfidelity finite-element model was created using Abaqus. A comprehensiveexperimental record is compiled for corroded RC slab-column joints subjected topunching shear loading. Then, effective parameters are established by applying statistical technique principles. The text then provided a model of artificialintelligence, an artificial neural network (ANN). In addition, it provided guidelinesfor the future development of design codes by identifying the significance of eachvariable on strength. In addition, it supplied an expression demonstrating theintricate interdependence of affective variables. The results show that The ACI isthe most dependable standard, while the CSA is the least. The ANN model had anaverage, coefficient of variation (COV), root mean square error (RMSE), and lower95 % values of 0.93, 12.2 %, 1.8, and 0.82, respectively. As a result, the ANNmodel was found to be more accurate, reliable, and design-safe than variableuncertainty.
Inception length to a fully developed, fin-generated, shock-wave, boundary-layer interaction (1991)

An experimental study of fin-generated shock wave turbulent boundary-layer interactions confirmed previous observations that, sufficiently far from the fin apex, such interactions become conical. The inception length to conical symmetry was found to increase weakly with Mach number for Mach numbers from 2.5 to 4 and fin angles from 4 to 22 deg. For the range of interactions examined, the inception length was found to depend primarily upon the inviscid shock angle, this angle ranging from 21 to 40 deg. The behavior of the inception length with shock angle can be broadly divided into two categories. For 'weak' interactions with shock angles less than about 35 deg, the inception length decreased as the shock angle increased. For 'strong' interactions with shock angles greater than about 35 deg, the inception region was small and was approximately constant at three boundary-layer thicknesses in length. In the latter, strong interaction case, the inception length was an order of magnitude smaller than that found in the weakest interactions examined, to the extent that strong interactions were practically fully-developed from the apex.
An Online Joint Optimization–Estimation Architecture for Distribution Networks (2023)

In this article, we propose an optimal joint optimization–estimation architecture for distribution networks, which jointly solves the optimal power flow (OPF) problem and static state estimation (SE) problem through an online gradient-based feedback algorithm. The main objective is to enable a fast and timely interaction between the OPF decisions and state estimators with limited sensor measurements. First, convergence and optimality of the proposed algorithm are analytically established. Then, the proposed gradient-based algorithm is modified by introducing statistical information of the inherent estimation and linearization errors for an improved and robust performance of the online OPF decisions. Overall, the proposed method eliminates the traditional separation of operation and monitoring, where optimization and estimation usually operate at distinct layers and different time scales. Hence, it enables a computationally affordable, efficient, and robust online operational framework for distribution networks under time-varying settings.
Pharmacologic implications of α‐adrenocreceptor interactive parameters for epinephrine enantiomers in the rat vas deferens (1989)

After alkylation of a fraction of the total alpha-adrenoreceptors by phenoxybenzamine in rat vas deferens, the dissociation constants of (-)- and (+)-epinephrine in functional studies were 7 X 10(-7) M and 2 X 10(-5) M, respectively. In the adrenoreceptor-containing tissue fraction, when 3H-labeled WB4101 was used as the interacting ligand, for each enantiomer two affinity sites were found. Only the low-affinity dissociation constant for each isomer correlates with the constant obtained from the functional studies. If the change in Gibb's free energy, delta G degrees, is calculated from the low-affinity binding constants, the values -8.1 and -6.2 kcal/mol for (-)- and (+)-isomer, respectively, are obtained. The small difference in the value between isomers is consistent with the view that the benzylic hydroxyl group of the (-)-isomer forms a hydrogen bond with the receptor. The interaction of epinephrine with this receptor appears to be driven largely by the entropy of the drug-receptor interaction with only a small nonstereoselective contribution from the enthalpy of interaction.
Directly Quantifiable Biotinylation Using a Water-Soluble Isatoic Anhydride Platform (2021)

Isatoic anhydride (IA) has been shown to be a useful platform for quantifiable bioconjugation. The elaboration of a water-soluble isatoic anhydride-based platform with biotin offers readily quantifiable biotinylation reagents through nondestructive methods of quantification. The incorporation of functionality is directly quantified using the reagent's unique absorbance or fluorescence signature, located outside the biological window. Several biotinylation reagents are prepared with various linker lengths, and the quantification of biotinylated proteins is demonstrated and compared to results from the traditional HABA assay.