gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supracondylar Femur Fracture After Knee Manipulation: A Report of 3 Cases (2009)

Supracondylar femur fracture is a rare but devastating complication of knee manipulation following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Avoidance of this complication can be achieved by careful attention to the indications and contraindications, timing, and technique of closed manipulation. We performed a retrospective chart and radiographic review to identify all patients who underwent closed manipulation under anesthesia for a diagnosis of aseptic arthrofibrosis after TKA. This article presents 3 cases of supracondylar femur fracture following closed knee manipulation of stiff TKAs that occurred at our institution over a 4-year period (1999-2002). Patient age ranged from 44 to 73 years. All patients underwent cruciate retaining TKA. Time from TKA to manipulation ranged from 3 months to 3 years. Two patients sustained an extension type supracondylar fracture. Two of the 3 patients were treated with closed reduction and casting/bracing. At a minimum 8-month follow-up after fracture, range of motion was poor with average flexion to 77 degrees and average flexion contracture of 13 degrees . In our patients, risk factors for fracture included prolonged time from arthroplasty to manipulation, arthrofibrosis, radiographic osteopenia, and rheumatoid arthritis. To our knowledge, this represents the largest case series of iatrogenic supracondylar femur fractures reported in the literature. Two manipulation techniques are described in detail. The alternative manipulation technique is highlighted with no fractures or complications over the same period. We believe that the alternative manipulation technique is a safe and effective technique to manipulate stiff TKA's and has been used for over >10 years by the senior surgeon (J.V.B.).
Prediction of the impact of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation on hemodynamics (2015)

Although venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was developed to rescue patients with cardiogenic shock, the impact of ECMO on hemodynamics is often unpredictable and can lead to hemodynamic collapse. In this study, we developed a framework in which we incorporated ECMO into the extended Guyton's model of circulatory equilibrium and predicted hemodynamic changes in response to ECMO. We first determined the cardiac output (CO) curves of left and right heart (to generate the integrated CO curve) without ECMO in eight normal and seven dogs with left ventricular dysfunction. Using the CO curves obtained and standard parameters for the venous return surface, we predicted the circulatory equilibrium under various levels of ECMO support. The predicted total flow (native left heart flow plus ECMO flow), right atrial pressure (PRA), and left atrial pressure (PLA) matched well with those measured [total flow: coefficient of determination (r(2)) = 0.99, standard error of estimate (SEE) = 5.8 ml·min(-1)·kg(-1), PRA: r(2) = 0.95, SEE = 0.23 mmHg, PLA: r(2) = 0.99, SEE = 0.59 mmHg]. Lastly, we estimated the CO curves under ECMO support from minute changes in hemodynamics induced by change in ECMO. From the CO curves estimated, we predicted the circulatory equilibrium. The predicted total flow (r(2) = 0.93, SEE = 0.5 ml·min(-1)·kg(-1)), PRA (r(2) = 0.99, SEE = 0.54 mmHg), and PLA (r(2) = 0.95, SEE = 0.89 mmHg) matched reasonably well with those measured. A numerical simulation indicated that ECMO support may cause pulmonary edema, if right ventricular function is compromised. We conclude that the proposed framework may enhance the benefit and reduce the risk of ECMO support in patients with critical hemodynamic conditions.
Polymerization of propylene carbonate (1977)

Abstract Polymerization of propylene carbonate was carried out at 120–180°C mainly with the use of diethylzinc catalyst. The polymer was a pale‐yellow, viscous material of relatively low molecular weight (1000–4000). From the spectroscopic analysis of the polymer and its hydrolyzed product, the polymer was determined to have the structure magnified image where x ⋍ 0.50, y ⋍ 0.25, and z ⋍ 0.25. This strongly suggested that the polymerization of propylene carbonate proceeded via 2,7‐dimethyl‐1,4,6,9‐tetraoxaspiro[4,4]nonane (DTN) as an intermediate compound. Hence, DTN was synthesized and polymerized with the use of diethylzinc catalyst. The structure of the polymer thus prepared coincided exactly with that of the polymer from propylene carbonate. From these, a plausible mechanism of the polymerization was developed.
An individual patient data meta-analysis to determine cut-offs for and confounders of NAFLD-fibrosis staging with magnetic resonance elastography (2023)

This individual patient data meta-analysis of eight international cohorts, including 798 patients, demonstrated that MRE achieves excellent diagnostic accuracy for significant, advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with NAFLD. Cut-off values (significant fibrosis, 3.14 kPa; advanced fibrosis, 3.53 kPa; and cirrhosis, 4.45 kPa) were established. Elevated inflammatory activity and gamma-glutamyltransferase level may affect the diagnostic accuracy of MRE, leading to overestimation of liver fibrosis in early stages. We observed no impact of diabetes, obesity, or any other metabolic disorder on the diagnostic accuracy of MRE.
Anaesthesia and cardiopulmonary bypass aspects of fast track (2017)

Fast track cardiac surgery involves the pre-requisite of an anaesthesia management based on short-acting agents. Many of the historical challenges have been now overcome by the availability of new-generation agents. Nevertheless, the tasks being actually asked to the cardiac anaesthesiologist for a successful fast track sequence include not only guaranteeing the adequate anaesthesia and analgesia levels but an overall intraoperative management limiting the occurrence of early post-operative complications, including an appropriate monitoring of neurologic and haemodynamic functions, as well as a careful management of haemostatic system. Additionally, a close co-operation with perfusionists and surgeons could greatly contribute for a successful fast track program.
Prospective Evaluation of Two Wall Orbital Fractures Involving the Medial Orbital Wall: PSI Reconstruction versus PDS Repair—Worth the Effort? (2022)

Proper treatment of the two-wall fractured orbit is still controversial. Specifically, there is no consensus on the issue of the necessity of medial orbital wall repair. With anatomically critical structures at risk during the surgical approach, surgeons' view on the necessity of medial orbital wall repair often is restricted and an aesthetically disturbing enophthalmos is more likely to be accepted. Therefore, treatment options range from leaving the medial wall without repair to reconstruction with autogenous tissue or alloplastic materials, which can lead to moderate to severe side effects. However, emerging technologies such as patient-specific implants (PSI) offer a reliable and anatomically correct reconstruction of the bony orbit. This study aimed to evaluate the outcome of full orbital reconstruction using PSIs compared to only orbital floor repair using PDS (bioresorbable polydioxanone) foils leaving the medial orbital wall untouched in traumatic two-wall orbital fractures. Of all patients treated at the University Hospital of Düsseldorf between 2017 and 2019 who suffered from traumatic orbital fracture, only patients with a two-wall orbital fracture involving both the orbital floor and the medial wall (n = 68) were included. Patients were treated either with a PSI (n = 35) or a PDS foil (n = 33). Primary outcome parameters were ophthalmological disturbances analyzed via clinical investigation and intra-orbital angles, volumes and implant position analyzed with radiological 3D-datasets. While a two-wall reconstruction using PSIs led to a significant improvement of the enophthalmos, the rate of postoperative enophthalmos was significantly increased in cases of only orbital floor repair with PDS foils. Radiologically, a significant reconstruction of the three-dimensional bony orbit succeeded with the simple use of PSIs leading to a significant reduction in the traumatically enlarged orbital volume. PSI also led to a significant reduction in the traumatically enlarged medial angle of the orbit. This was not the case for single-floor repair with PDS foil. The results of this study suggest that complex orbital fractures can be reconstructed at an even higher degree of accuracy with selective laser-melted PSIs than PDS foils. In order to achieve a true to original reconstruction of the bony orbit, surgical treatment of the medial orbital wall can be advocated for in the long term depending on the indication.
Trigate 6T SRAM scaling to 0.06 µm2 (2009)

We present an aggressively scaled trigate device architecture with undoped channels, high-k gate dielectric, a single work function metal gate and novel BEOL processing yielding 6T SRAM bit cells as small as 0.06 μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . This is the smallest SRAM cell demonstrated to date and represents the first time an SRAM based on a multi-gate FET (MUGFET) architecture has surpassed SRAM density scaling demonstrated with planar devices.
Artificial neural network based on wavelet transform and feature extraction for a wind turbine diagnosis system (2016)

International audience
GaN-Based Gunn Diodes : Their Frequency and Power Performance and Experimental Considerations (2001)

Recent advances in the area of nitride-based wide-bandgap semiconductor technology allowed demonstration of new generation devices with high power capability. Discrete GaNbased HFETs with 10W of output power at X-band have been recently demonstrated [1]. At the same time, electron transport in III-V nitrides is expected to have some common features with GaAs- and InP-based materials. Thus, studies of fundamental properties in GaN indicate that this material also exhibits Negative Differential Resistance (NDR) and as a result, electrons exposed to high electric field experience negative differential mobility. However, the threshold field for NDR in GaN appears to be as much as 40 times higher than in GaAs (FTH=150KV/cm vs. 3.5KV/cm) [2]. Gunn diodes made of conventional III-V compound semiconductors have been successfully applied for generation of high-power millimeter-wave signals using oscillators based on the NDR effect [3, 4]. The frequency capability of such Gunn-diode oscillators is limited by the energy-relaxation time in the semiconductor material since the NDR effect disappears when the period of oscillations is shorter than the intervalley electron transfer time. Monte-Carlo studies of high-field electron transport in GaAs and GaN [5], estimated the energy-relaxation times (τ) in
A Study On The Impact Of Compiler Optimizations On High-Level Synthesis - eScholarship (2012)

High-level synthesis is a design process which takes an un-timed, behavioral description in a high-level language like C and produces register-transfer-level (RTL) code that implements the same behaviour in hardware. In this design flow, the quality of the generated RTL is greatly influenced by high-level description of the language. Hence it follows that both source-level and IR-level compiler optimizations could either improve or hurt the quality of the generated RTL. The problem of ordering compiler optimization passes, also known as the phase-ordering problem, has been an area of active research over the past decade. An optimization has enabling and disabling effects on other optimizations, and such effects are caused by either the nature of the optimization itself, the input program being optimized, or the target platform for which the code is being optimized. A well-known fact in literature is that the standard optimization order chosen by the compiler writer may not be the best order for every input, and hence can end up producing inferior code. All methods mentioned above are targeted towards compilers producing code that will be executed on a processor. In this study, we explore the effects of both source-level and IR optimizations on high-level synthesis. The parameters of the generated RTL are verysensitive to high-level optimizations, in the sense that a right choice can provide significant benefits and a wrong choice can cause significant degradation. We consider three source-level optimizations commonly used in High-level synthesis. We study them in isolation and then propose simple yet effective heuristics to apply them to obtain a reasonable latency-area tradeoff. We also study the phase-ordering problem for IR-level optimizations from a HLS perspective. As many optimizations that are employed in a typical HLS flow were originally developed with a standard compiler in mind, and given the increasing popularity of HLS, we feel that such a study is essential to building high-quality HLS tools. Our initial results show that an input-specific order can achieve significant reduction in the latency of the generated RTL, and opens up this technology for future research.
Pulsed Fourier-transform NQR ofN14with a dc SQUID (1992)

The zero-field free induction decay of solid ammonium perchlorate at 1.5 K has been directly detected with a dc superconducting quantum interference device. The Fourier-transform spectrum consists of three sharp lines at 17.4, 38.8, and 56.2 kHz arising from pure $^{14}\mathrm{N}$ nuclear quadrupole resonance transitions. The absence of splittings and resonance transitions from dipolar-coupled proton spins is attributed to reorientation of the ammonium groups by quantum tunneling in combination with motional averaging in the three proton levels characterized by the irreducible representation T. The measured $^{14}\mathrm{N}$ spin-spin relaxation time is 22\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2 ms and the spin-lattice relaxation time is 63\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}6 ms.
Regional Feedstock Partnership Summary Report: Enabling the Billion-Ton Vision (2016)

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the Sun Grant Initiative established the Regional Feedstock Partnership (referred to as the Partnership) to address information gaps associated with enabling the vision of a sustainable, reliable, billion-ton U.S. bioenergy industry by the year 2030 (i.e., the Billion-Ton Vision). Over the past 7 years (2008–2014), the Partnership has been successful at advancing the biomass feedstock production industry in the United States, with notable accomplishments. The Billion-Ton Study identifies the technical potential to expand domestic biomass production to offset up to 30% of U.S. petroleum consumption, while continuing to meet demands for food, feed, fiber, and export. This study verifies for the biofuels and chemical industries that a real and substantial resource base could justify the significant investment needed to develop robust conversion technologies and commercial-scale facilities. DOE and the Sun Grant Initiative established the Partnership to demonstrate and validate the underlying assumptions underpinning the Billion-Ton Vision to supply a sustainable and reliable source of lignocellulosic feedstock to a large-scale bioenergy industry. This report discusses the accomplishments of the Partnership, with references to accompanying scientific publications. These accomplishments include advances in sustainable feedstock production, feedstock yield, yield stability and stand persistence, energy crop commercialization readiness, information transfer, assessment of the economic impacts of achieving the Billion-Ton Vision, and the impact of feedstock species and environment conditions on feedstock quality characteristics.
A Novel Dicing Technologies for WLCSP Using Stealth Dicing through Dicing Tape and Back Side Protection-Film (2016)

Market demand of IC package for communication is increasing along with the popularization of mobile type of information and communication devices. Wafer Level Chip Scale Package (WLCSP) is popular method for above mentioned devices from production cost point of view and is widely used for this kind of mobile devices. There are two requirements for the WLCSP nowadays. One is a cost reduction, the other is a solution to package crack. The main idea of a cost reduction is a dicing street reduction. The dicing street reduction leads to the increasing the number of die per wafer (die gross) that means a reduction of production cost. We select a "Stealth dicing" process. SD process is expected to increase the number of die that can be obtained from a wafer compared to normal dicing because it is possible to make the necessary street width (cut width) narrower. Almost WLCSPs are typically mounted on board with only solder joint, without under fill and so solder joint reliability is a prime concern. Especially side walls of WLCSP are not covered with protection material like under fill, so mechanical damage on side walls caused by dicing process leads to package crack at Thermal Cycle Test (TCT). This side wall damage and cracks are serious problem recently. SD process might avoid this side wall crack also. In this paper, we propose a novel dicing technologies for WLCSP using stealth dicing through dicing tape and back side protection-film that can make the necessary street width (cut width) narrower that means street reduction and avoid the package crack of TCT and the drop test.
Graph Diffusion Convolutional Network for Skeleton Based Semantic Recognition of Two-Person Actions (2023)

Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) have successfully boosted skeleton-based human action recognition. However, existing GCN-based methods mostly cast the problem as separated person's action recognition while ignoring the interaction between the action initiator and the action responder, especially for the fundamental two-person interactive action recognition. It is still challenging to effectively take into account the intrinsic local-global clues of the two-person activity. Additionally, message passing in GCN depends on adjacency matrix, but skeleton-based human action recognition methods tend to calculate the adjacency matrix with the fixed natural skeleton connectivity. It means that messages can only travel along a fixed path at different layers of the network or in different actions, which greatly reduces the flexibility of the network. To this end, we propose a novel graph diffusion convolutional network for skeleton based semantic recognition of two-person actions by embedding the graph diffusion into GCNs. At technical fronts, we dynamically construct the adjacency matrix based on practical action information, so that we can guide the message propagation in a more meaningful way. Simultaneously, we introduce the frame importance calculation module to conduct dynamic convolution, so that we can avoid the negative effect caused by the traditional convolution, wherein the shared weights may fail to capture key frames or be affected by noisy frames. Besides, we comprehensively leverage the multidimensional features related to joints' local visual appearances, global spatial relationship and temporal coherency, and for different features, different metrics are designed to measure the similarity underlying the corresponding real physical law of the motions. Moreover, extensive experiments and comprehensive evaluations on four public large-scale datasets (NTU-RGB+D 60, NTU-RGB+D 120, Kinetics-Skeleton 400, and SBU-Interaction) demonstrate that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.
A Versatile Enantioselective Synthesis of Azabicyclic Ring Systems: A Concise Total Synthesis of (+)‐Grandisine D and Unnatural Analogues (2012)

Closing in on azacines: We have developed a new six step approach for the rapid and enantioselective synthesis of indolizidine, pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepine, and pyrrolo[1,2-a]azocine azabicyclic systems and their respective lactam congeners, which are found in a host of natural products as well as pharmaceutical preparations. This protocol enables a concise enantioselective total synthesis of (+)-grandisine D in 16.4 % overall yield from commercial materials (see scheme).
Design and Evaluation of LTE-Advanced Double Codebook (2011)

In this paper we address codebook design for LTE-Advanced downlink. In order to meet the peak spectral efficiency requirements of up to 30 bit/s/Hz, LTE-Advanced supports up to eight transmit antennas in downlink, enabling spatial multiplexing transmissions with up to eight parallel streams. In addition to high-order single-user (SU-) MIMO transmissions, LTE-Advanced provides state-of-the-art multi-user (MU-) MIMO support with seamless operation between SU-MIMO and MU-MIMO. Codebook design is the basis of such precoded closed-loop multi-antenna schemes. We investigate multiple options for LTE-Advanced codebook design, providing a solution flexible enough to support both single-user and multi-user operation as well as different base station antenna setups while taking into account practical system design constraints. We provide thorough codebook performance evaluation in realistic LTE-Advanced system scenarios.
Direct Decomposition of NO over Supported-alkaline Earth Metal Oxide Catalysts (2005)

NO decomposition over supported alkaline earth metal oxide catalysts was strongly dependent on the type of metal oxide support. Y2O3 was the most effective support. Ba/Y2O3 showed the highest NO decomposition activity, which decreased in the order of Ba/Y2O3 > Sr/Y2O3 > Ca/Y2O3 > Mg/Y2O3 ~ Y2O3. The catalytic activity of Ba/Y2O3 for NO decomposition at 900°C gradually increased with reaction time. The activity enhancement was due to the decomposition of barium carbonate into barium oxide during the reaction. Barium carbonate was completely decomposed by reduction with H2 at 900°C, resulting in significant enhancement of NO decomposition activity. The activity of Ba/Y2O3 increased with higher barium loading up to 5 wt%, and then became constant. There was a strong relationship between NO conversion and the amount of NO adsorption on Ba/Y2O3, suggesting that NO adsorption sites are the reaction sites for NO decomposition. The relationship between the activity for 1-butene isomerization, which is an indicator for the basicity of Ba/Y2O3 catalysts, and the activity for NO decomposition suggests direct participation of basic sites in the NO decomposition reaction over supported alkaline earth metal oxide catalysts.
Improved Liver Diffusion-Weighted Imaging at 3 T Using Respiratory Triggering in Combination With Simultaneous Multislice Acceleration (2019)

Optimized, multislice, respiratory-triggered DWI of the liver at 3 T substantially improves image quality with a reduced scan acquisition time compared with s-DWI.
Pseudoisotropic Upper Critical Field in Cobalt-DopedSrFe2As2Epitaxial Films (2009)

We present resistivity measurements of the complete superconducting upper critical field (H{c2}) phase diagram as a function of angle (theta) and temperature (T) for cobalt-doped SrFe2As2 epitaxial films to 0.5 K and 50 T. Although H{c2}(theta) at 10 K is indistinguishable from that derived from a single-band anisotropy model, the apparent anisotropy H{c2}{ perpendicularc}/H{c2};{ parallelc} linearly decreases to 1 at low T, with H{c2}(0)=47 T. The data are well described by a two-band model with small, opposing anisotropies for the bands. This unusual relationship is confirmed by the observation of a local maximum for H{c2};{ parallelc} at low T.
ChemInform Abstract: THERMODYNAMICALLY UPHILL REDUCTION OF A SURFACE‐CONFINED N,N′‐DIALKYL‐4,4′‐BIPYRIDINIUM DERIVATIVE ON ILLUMINATED P‐TYPE SILICON SURFACES (1980)

Abstract Mittels cyclisch‐voltammetrischer Messungen werden mit (I) Oberflächen‐behandelte p‐Typ‐Si‐Elektroden untersucht und ihr Reduktionsvermögen nach Bestrahlung (632 nm) gegenüber Spezies wie [(C5H5), F e] diskutiert.