gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design for polarizing holographic optical elements (1995)

We present results of the application of a three-dimensional rigorous-vector coupled-wave theory to the design of polarizing holographic optical elements. Two different cases have been selected giving rise to two types of element, one of which is completely original. Experimental realizations were performed. The recording material was dichromated gelatin because of its outstanding performance related to diffraction efficiency. A fair agreement between the theoretical previsions and the experimental results was achieved.
Effect of selective IL-6 inhibitor Am-80 on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in DA rats. (2000)

These findings suggest that inhibition of EAE by Am-80 is initiated by inhibition of IL-6 production.
Pesticide risk management using indicators for vineyards in the central valley of chile (2009)

The Apalta catchment is a wine-producing area of 1300 ha, lying south of Santiago, located in the Colchagua Valley, near Santa Cruz in the VI Region of Chile. The vineyards are planted on slopes of up to 22 degrees, the rows being aligned mainly down the slope. This cropping system and its management lead to a potential contamination of natural resources. To assess the risk of environmental contamination due to the application of pesticides in different pest control strategies, indicators at a field level were derived according to a step-by-step procedure. Using these indicators, runoff was found to be the main process of impact. The different pest control strategies in this catchment caused different potential risks, though these in general were low.
Dromedary camel nanobodies broadly neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants (2022)

Significance Due to their small size, nanobodies can recognize protein cavities that are not accessible to conventional antibodies. In this report, we built dromedary camel ( Camelus dromedarius ) V H H phage libraries for the isolation of high-affinity nanobodies that broadly neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants. Cryo-EM complex structures reveal that one dromedary camel V H H nanobody (8A2) binds the S1 subunit of the viral spike protein, and the other (7A3) targets a deeply buried region that uniquely extends to the S2 subunit beyond the S1 subunit. These nanobodies can protect mice from the lethal challenge of variants B.1.351 or B.1.617.2, suggesting the therapeutic potential of these nanobodies against COVID-19. The dromedary camel V H H libraries could be helpful to isolate neutralizing nanobodies against future emerging viruses quickly.
Liquid-liquid phase separation of tau driven by hydrophobic interaction facilitates fibrillization of tau (2020)

Abstract Amyloid aggregation of tau protein is implicated in neurodegenerative diseases, yet its facilitating factors are poorly understood. Recently, tau has been shown to undergo liquid liquid phase separation (LLPS) both in vivo and in vitro . LLPS was shown to facilitate tau amyloid aggregation in certain cases, while independent of aggregation in other cases. It is therefore important to understand the differentiating properties that resolve this apparent conflict. We report on a model system of hydrophobically driven LLPS induced by high salt concentration (LLPS-HS), and compare it to electrostatically driven LLPS represented by tau-RNA/heparin complex coacervation (LLPS-ED). We show that LLPS-HS promotes tau protein dehydration, undergoes maturation and directly leads to canonical tau fibrils, while LLPS-ED is reversible, remains hydrated and does not promote amyloid aggregation. We show that the nature of the interaction driving tau condensation is the differentiating factor between aggregation-prone and aggregation-independent LLPS.
Psychophysical Evaluation of Haptic Perception Under Augmentation by a Handheld Device (2014)

The findings provide useful information for building effective haptic AR systems, particularly for use in microsurgery.
ChemInform Abstract: Thermal Phase Evolution of Pt—Si Intermetallic Thin Films Prepared by the Activated Adsorption of SiH4 on Pt(100) and Comparison to Known Structural Models. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Two distinct mechanisms for redistribution of lymphocyte surface macromolecules. II. Contrasting effects of local anesthetics and a calcium ionophore. (1978)

In the previous study, lymphocyte surface molecules were separated into two subsets depending on whether capping was associated was associated with redistribution of cytoplasmic myosin. In the present study, the effects of the local anesthetic chlorpromazine and of the Ca2+ ionophore A23187 were compared. Both drugs affected the surface redistribution of immunoglobulin (Ig), Fc receptors, and the TL antigen--molecules that appear to cap by association with microfilaments--but had no effect on the Thy.1 (theta) and H2 antigens--molecules that cap slowly, apparently unlinked to microfilament function. The capping of Ig, Fc receptor, and TL was inhibited while that of H2 and theta was not. Both drugs reversed the Ig Fc receptor, and TL caps but not the H2 and theta caps. In the former group, the reversal of caps was accompanied by a parallel reversal of the myosin segregated to the cap area. The appearance of myosin after drug treatment varied: chlorpromazine resulted in a diffuse pattern similar to that of normal lymphocytes, whereas A23187 produced an array of aggregates and coarse filaments. The results are compatible with the view that two mechanisms for capping exist in the lymphocyte. The Ca2+ ionophore may affect capping of microfilament-dependent caps by producing a systemic activation of contractile proteins while chlorpromazine may act by disrupting a Ca2+-dependent link between surface complexes and the contractile proteins.
Nonanticoagulation strategies to optimize circuit function in renal replacement therapy (2009)

Abstract Chapter 16 discusses non-anticoagulation strategies to optimize circuit function in renal replacement therapy, including key terms associated with optimising circuit function, and key areas for attention to maintain blood flow and reduce clotting.
Light Puncture Robot for CT and MRI Interventions (2008)

The new robot named light puncture robot (LPR), has an original compact body-supported architecture, which is naturally able to follow the patient's body surface respiratory movements for abdominal and thoracic percutaneous procedures, which is compatible with CT, open MRI, and closed MRI. It is entirely made of plastic and uses MR-compatible pneumatic actuators powered by compressed air. It is localized via an image-based control using a localization device that is totally integrated to the robot. The physician is also included in the control loop, since he/she selects the target and the entry point and supervises the whole process.
3D post-processing of pre-beamformed RF data in the frequency-wavenumber domain (2015)

Three-dimensional (3D) high resolution beamforming is made more difficult by high data rates. This can be overcome by two-step imaging approaches such as the synthetic aperture beamforming technique. In this technique the first step significantly reduces the data rate by line-based delay and sum, whereas the second stage recombines the data to a high resolution volume image. The second step is implemented using 3D Fast Fourier Transforms and an interpolation step in frequency-wavenumber domain. A proof of concept is shown using a scanning 1 MHz focused single element transducer. The resulting volume image had a maximum -6dB point spread function of 3 mm throughout the entire depth of 135 mm. The signal-to-noise ratio was improved by 20dB in the far field.
A new design of OFDM for ultra-wideband systems (2009)

In this paper, a three-dimensional (3-D) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is introduced. In the new OFDM, a 3-D signal mapper and 2-D inverse discrete Fourier transform are used to allocate 3-D signals to OFDM subchannels and to modulate the signals, respectively. The minimum Euclidean distance of the 3-D signal mapper is much farther than that of the 2-D mapper if both mappers are normalized to have the same average power. As a result, the proposed OFDM has much improved error performance as compared with the conventional scheme.
Tuning the Nanoporous Structure of Carbons Derived from the Composite of Cross-Linked Polymers for Charge Storage Applications (2021)

Controlling the porosity of carbon-based electrodes is key toward performance improvement of charge storage devices, e.g., supercapacitors, which deliver high power via fast charge/discharge of ions at the electrical double layer (EDL). Here, eco-friendly preparation of carbons with adaptable nanopores from polymers obtained via microwave-assisted cross-linking of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) is reported. The polymeric hydrogels possess porous and foam-like structures, giving excellent control of porosity at the precursor level, which are then subjected to activation at high temperatures of 700-900 °C to prepare carbons with a surface area of 1846 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>-1</sup> and uniform distribution of micro-, meso-, and macropores. Then, graphene as an additive to hydrogel precursor improves the surface characteristics and elaborates porous texture, giving composite materials with a surface area of 3107 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>-1</sup>. These carbons show an interconnected porous structure and bimodal pore size distribution suitable for facile ionic transport. When implemented in symmetric supercapacitor configuration with aqueous 5 mol L<sup>-1</sup> NaNO<sub>3</sub> electrolyte, a capacitance of 163 F g<sup>-1</sup> (per average mass of one electrode) and stable evolution of capacitance, coulombic, and energy efficiency during 10 000 galvanostatic charge/discharge up to 1.6 V at 1.0 A g<sup>-1</sup> have been achieved.
Performance and Complexity Analysis of Blind Timing Phase Error Detectors in Pluggable Coherent Receivers (2020)

The computational complexity and performance of various blind timing phase estimators in coherent optical system with small roll-off-factor is analyzed. The Monte-Carlo simulation results are discussed.
BusyBody (2004)

Interest has been growing in opportunities to build and deploy statistical models that can infer a computer user's current interruptability from computer activity and relevant contextual information. We describe a system that intermittently asks users to assess their perceived interruptability during a training phase and that builds decision-theoretic models with the ability to predict the cost of interrupting the user. The models are used at run-time to compute the expected cost of interruptions, providing a mediator for incoming notifications, based on a consideration of a user's current and recent history of computer activity, meeting status, location, time of day, and whether a conversation is detected.
ChemInform Abstract: Use of Polymer‐Supported Dialkylphosphinobiphenyl Ligands for Palladium‐Catalyzed Amination and Suzuki Reactions. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Dynamical studies of the interaction of D2 with a Cu(111) surface (1992)

We have used molecular beam techniques to study the dynamics of adsorption and desorption in the D2/Cu(111) system. We have determined the adsorption probability S0 for beams with kinetic energies Ei up to 0.85 eV, vibrational temperatures up to 2100 K, and incidence angles from 0° to 60°. At a surface temperature Ts of 120 K, S0 increases from below 10−6 to 0.34 over the range studied. A detailed analysis provides estimated adsorption functions for each vibrational state. Angular distributions for desorption with Ts in the range 370–800 K are strongly peaked and symmetric about the surface normal in every case. These distributions are well described by a cos12 θf distribution at 600 K, being slightly narrower at 400 K and slightly broader at 800 K. Calculations using the principle of detailed balance to calculate these angular distributions based on the dependence of the adsorption probability on incidence energy and angle are not in perfect agreement with observations. In fact, we find that desorption measurements made over a range of surface temperatures cannot be adequately accounted for by any single function of the sticking probability on the incidence energy and angle. Rather, it is found necessary to allow this function to vary slightly with surface temperature.
Providing flexible redundancy for an ATM access switch system (2002)

ATM switches require stringent reliability and availability even for access nodes. Carrier class ATM switches fulfill this requirement by employing expensive and sophisticated fault tolerant architectures. However, access switch systems are relatively cheap and compact. Most access switches support fundamental system reliability by providing redundancy for common parts of a system (e.g., switch fabric, power etc.). In addition to providing reliable connection to the core switch systems, access switch systems also need to support various customer premises services. Depending on the need of the network provider, highly reliable line redundancy is more important than the switching capacity of the access system or vice versa. This paper presents an implementation of an ATM switch that provides flexible line card redundancy and scalable switching capacity. Switching capacity of the system is scalable up to 10 Gbps from 5 Gbps depending on the configuration of line card redundancy.
Abstract 1733: Wnt antagonists synergize with immune checkpoint inhibitors to enhance anti-tumor responses (2018)

Abstract Aberrant Wnt signaling through overexpression or activating mutations in Wnt pathway proteins is responsible for the initiation and progression of numerous cancers. While enhanced Wnt signaling has been shown to play a major role in cancer stem cell biology, more recent studies have implicated Wnt in the development of resistance to anti-tumor immune responses. Here, we show that in various syngeneic murine tumor models, targeting Wnt signaling using the Fzd receptor monoclonal antagonist antibody, OMP-18R5 (vantictumab) or the pan-Wnt decoy receptor Fc fusion protein OMP-Fzd8-Fc (ipafricept) in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors anti-CTLA-4 or anti-PD1 induce synergistic anti-tumor responses leading to decreased tumor volume and increased infiltration of activated CD8+ T cells into the tumor microenvironment. In addition, we show that combined Wnt and immune checkpoint inhibition decrease regulatory T cells (Tregs), enhance cytotoxic T cell activity and increase antigen presentation by APCs. More importantly, we demonstrate that anti-PD1 and the Wnt antagonists decrease immune suppressive myeloid cell populations, which may enhance therapeutic efficacy and anti-tumor responses. Therefore, these results suggest that co-targeting Wnt and immune checkpoint proteins may provide valuable opportunities for novel combination strategies for immunotherapeutic clinical development. Citation Format: Jenny Ross, Timothy Hoey, Ann Kapoun, John Lewicki, Austin Gurney, Christopher L. Murriel. Wnt antagonists synergize with immune checkpoint inhibitors to enhance anti-tumor responses [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1733.
Regional magnetization transfer ratio changes in mild cognitive impairment (2001)

Reduction in temporal lobe volume is consistently found in dementia of Alzheimer's type (DAT). However, due to the lack of a consistent association between brain volume and cognitive decline in mild cognitive impairment (MCI), volumetric measures are not a reliable predictor for the progression of the disease. In our study, we hypothesized that changes in the magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) may reflect underlying brain pathology in the absence of quantifiable volumetric changes. Such a measure may be used as a predictor for abnormal cognitive decline in elderly subjects. The study was carried out on 15 normal elderly controls, 11 subjects with DAT, and 12 subjects with MCI. We used MTRs with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to detect tissue changes in the four lobes of each hemisphere, and compared that to the volumetric changes in the same regions. Our results indicate that the MTR of both temporal lobes is significantly reduced in subjects with MCI in the absence of significant volumetric changes. In comparison, DAT subjects have significantly reduced temporal lobe volumes and MTR. We conclude that changes in MTR have the potential to mark the progression of MCI to DAT, before volumetric changes are detected on conventional MRI scans.
Vaccine-elicited CD8+ T cells protect against respiratory syncytial virus-induced lung airway obstruction (113.8) (2012)

Abstract Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most important pathogen for lower respiratory tract illness in infants. CD8+ T cells clear RSV and may contribute to future RSV vaccines. RSV itself inhibits CD8+ T cell responses. Compared to CD8+ T cells responding to RSV infection, vaccine-elicited anti-RSV CD8+ T cells are less well studied, and mechanisms for achieving optimally functional anti-RSV CD8+ T cells are not defined. We developed a novel RSV vaccination strategy using combined toll-like receptor (TLR) and CD40 stimulation in BALB/c mice as a model for studying antigen-defined RSV-specific CD8+ T cells. Vaccination of mice with TriVax, a mixture of a M2 82-90 peptide representing an immunodominant RSV CD8 epitope, the TLR agonist poly (I:C), and a costimulatory anti-CD40 antibody resulted in robust, functional CD8+ CTL responses. Using a mucus-inducing RSV challenge strain (rA2-line19F), we demonstrate that TriVax vaccination protected against RSV infection and RSV-induced airway mucus expression, mechanical airway obstruction, and cellular lung inflammation. Compared to RSV challenge alone, TriVax vaccination followed by challenge resulted in increased CD8+ T cell cytokine expression and the rapid appearance of RSV-specific CD8+ T cells in the lung. Despite a large number of cytokine expressing and virus-specific CD8+ T cells in the lung, TriVax vaccination did not cause immunopathology. High-quality vaccine-elicited anti-RSV CD8+ T cells were protective in the lung.
[A new method of preparation of doxorubicin-in-oil suspension using ultrasonificator attached with Cuphorn]. (1990)

The property of selective deposition of oily contrast medium, Lipiodol (LPD), in tumor tissue was utilized for targetting intraarterial infusion chemotherapy for hepatic cancers. For this therapy anti-cancer agents need to be suspended in LPD. In this report the new suspension device using ultrasonificator attached with Cuphorn was studied. Doxorubicin (Dx) was stable to ultrasonification for 1 hour. Ten mg/ml of Dx was mixed with LPD and this mixture was treated 2 times for 5 minutes with the ultrasonification method. This procedure was simple and sterile, as the commercially used Dx vials into which LPD was injected were set in the Cuphorn and ultrasonificated just as sealed. Microscopic examination of the suspension showed uniform dispersion of Dx particles without formation of aggregates. Dx particles were finely and regularly fragmented. In vitro the suspensions showed a gradual release of Dx from LPD to water phase. In one case with hepatocellular carcinoma received intraarterial infusion of this suspension, the size of the tumor and serum level of alpha-fetoprotein was prominently decreased. This ultrasonification method was simple and convenient to prepare Dx-in-oil suspension.
COMPARISON OF MICROPOWER IMPULSE RADAR (MIR) AND ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY FOR ASSESSMENT OF THE CARDIAC CYCLE (2003)

There is no method currently available which can provide frequent and continuous noninvasive monitoring of cardiac function in hemodialysis patients. The novel MIR device generates and detects extremely low-power ultra-wideband pulses in the gigaHertz regime. MIR senses motion, for example, ventricular wall motion. It is a convenient noninvasive, remote method. Eight healthy volunteers were tested. All measurements were taken in the sitting position at rest. The device was placed 1 cm away from chest wall at the junction of the xiphoid process and the body of the sternum. The signal was recorded simultaneously with the continuous ECG tracing. There was a consistent correlation between the frequency of signals obtained from MIR device and ECG tracings in all eight volunteers. See Fig. 1. The waveforms corresponding to ventricular wall motion recorded with MIR appeared reproducible in each individual subject. In conclusion, MIR is a novel way of detecting ventricular wall motion independent of chest wall motion and with minimal interference from skeletal structures. Its use may be applicable to remote detection of arrhythmias and cardiac dysfunction with significant practical advantages.Figure
Rationally Designed Sulfamides as Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II Inhibitors (2013)

Glutamate carboxypeptidase II ( GCPII ) is a membrane‐bound cell surface peptidase. There is significant interest in the inhibition of GCPII as a means of neuroprotection, while GCPII inhibition as a method to treat prostate cancer remains a topic of further investigation. The key zinc‐binding functional group of the well‐characterized classes of GCPII inhibitors (phosphonates and phosphoramidates) is tetrahedral and negatively charged at neutral p H , while glutamyl urea class of inhibitors possesses a planar and neutral zinc‐binding group. This study explores a new class of GCPII inhibitors, glutamyl sulfamides, which possess a putative net neutral tetrahedral zinc‐binding motif. A small library containing six sulfamides was prepared and evaluated for inhibitory potency against purified GCPII in an enzymatic assay. While most inhibitors have potencies in the micromolar range, one showed promising sub‐micromolar potency, with the optimal inhibitor in this series being aspartyl–glutamyl sulfamide ( 2d ). Lastly, computational docking was used to develop a tentative binding model on how the most potent inhibitors interact with the ligand‐binding site of GCPII .