gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rate-constrained multihypothesis prediction for motion-compensated video compression (2002)

This paper investigates linearly combined motion-compensated signals for video compression. In particular, we discuss multiple motion-compensated signals that are jointly estimated for efficient prediction and video coding. First, we extend the wide-sense stationary theory of motion-compensated prediction (MCP) for the case of jointly estimated prediction signals. Our theory suggests that the gain by multihypothesis MCP is limited and that two jointly estimated hypotheses provide a major portion of this achievable gain. In addition, the analysis reveals a property of the displacement error of jointly estimated hypotheses. Second, we present a complete multihypothesis codec which is based on the ITU-T Recommendation H.263 with multiframe capability. Multiframe motion compensation chooses one prediction signal from a set of reference frames, whereas multihypothesis prediction chooses more than one for the linear combination. With our scheme, the time delay associated with B-frames is avoided by choosing more than one prediction signal from previously decoded pictures. Experimental results show that, multihypothesis prediction improves significantly coding efficiency by utilizing variable block size and multiframe motion compensation. We show that variable block size and multihypothesis prediction provide gains for different scenarios and that multiframe motion compensation enhances the multihypothesis gain. For example, the presented multihypothesis codec with ten reference frames improves coding efficiency by up to 2.7 dB when compared to the reference codec with one reference frame for the set of investigated test sequences.
Variability of Platelet-rich Plasma Preparations (2013)

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as a clinical treatment for bone, muscle, tendon, and cartilage injury has gained popularity in the field of orthopedic sports medicine. The use of a patient's own blood is an appealing aspect of PRP treatment, as the resulting plasma preparation is considered relatively benign in comparison with more common, potentially caustic treatments such as corticosteroids and anesthetics. Although appealing, the autologous nature of PRP introduces variability to plasma preparations, creating challenges for both the researcher and the clinician. Differences in patients at the time of blood draw result in plasma preparations that vary within as well as between patients. This variability is compounded by the multitude of protocols and devices available for procuring PRP. The variability of components and its effects on dosage should be considered in single or consecutive treatments of PRP.
Supplementary Figure 12 from Sensitive Detection of Minimal Residual Disease in Patients Treated for Early-Stage Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Patients who experienced distant recurrence after treatment for early stage breast cancer. cfDNA time points for patients who ultimately experienced distant recurrence. Those marked with poor detection limits had an estimated detection limit worse than 1/1,000. End points represent time of distant clinical recurrence. Patients 05055_81 and YWBC_202 were excluded from this plot due to missing time of recurrence.&lt;/p&gt;
Proposal of fractographic analysis method coupled with EBSD and ECCI (2018)

Fracture surface contains key information to analyze the crack propagation behavior and identify the causes of fracture in post-mortem specimens/structural parts. For instance, fatigue crack propagation rate and the associated ΔK can be estimated from a fractographic feature, i.e., the striation spacings. However, the current fractography-based methods for the estimation of fatigue crack propagation rate and ΔK require the presence of striations. This requirement limits the capacity for the quantitative analysis of the fracture surface. Therefore, further advancement of fatigue fractography is required to facilitate the quantitative assessment of fracture, using post-mortem specimens/structural parts. In this study, we propose fractography coupled with microstructural evolution underneath the fracture surface. Microstructural characterization was performed, using electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD) and electron channeling contrast imaging (ECCI). In this study, we used a Fe-3Al bcc single crystalline alloy. EBSD-based grain reference orientation deviation analysis showed discrete plastic zones appearing along the crack propagation direction, with spacings corresponding to the crack propagation rate. Furthermore, it was confirmed via ECCI that underneath the fracture surface low- and high-ΔK regions showed vein-like and labyrinth structures, respectively. This information is expected to be useful for microstructure-based estimation of fatigue crack propagation rate and ΔK.
Oxygen-17 NMR studies on alkyl substituted 1-tetralones: effect of torsion angle change and repulsive van der Waals interaction (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxygen-17 NMR studies on alkyl substituted 1-tetralones: effect of torsion angle change and repulsive van der Waals interactionDavid W. Boykin, Brahmadeo Dewprashad, and Edmund EisenbraunCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 2, 425–429Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00289a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00289a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views124Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Seroepidemiological and molecular evidence for the presence of two H3N8 equine influenza viruses in China in 1993-94 (1995)

In May 1993, a severe epidemic of respiratory disease began in horses in Inner Mongolia and spread throughout horses in China. The disease affected mules and donkeys as well as horses but did not spread to other species, including humans. The severity of the disease raised the question of whether the outbreak might have been caused by the new avian-like influenza viruses detected in horses in China in 1989 or by current variants ofA/equine/Miami/1/63 (H3N8) (equine-2) or by a reassortant between these viruses. Antigenic and sequence analysis established that all gene segments of the influenza virus causing the epidemic were of recent equine-2 origin and that the virus was not a reassortant. Serological analysis of post-infection horse sera provided evidence for the continued circulation of the A/Equine/Jilin/1/89 (Eq/Jilin) (H3N8) avian-like viruses in horses in Heilongjiang province with original antigenic sin-like responses. It is noteworthy that prior infection with the avian-like Eq/Jilin strain did not afford cross-protection against a current equine-2 strain. Serological evidence for the continued circulation of the avian-like H3N8 influenza virus in horses indicates that this virus has probably established itself in horses in Asia.
THE USE OF SAND STABILIZED WITH CEMENT AND AN EMULSION IN ROADBASES (1976)

This mixed stabilization method (addition of cement and bituminous emulsion) was tried out to permit the use of sand from the Liore. Laboratory studies were conducted to formulae to be used for the mixture. 4 experimental sections with the following roadbases were also constructed: (1) control gravel-emulsion (0/20) layer; (2) sand-cement-cpal-emulsion; (3) sand-fillerized cement-emulsion; (4) sand-emulsion. To manufacture the sand-cement-emulsion mixtures, a gravel-emulsion plant was used to which a device for cement supply was added. At the laying stage, the compaction ratio was highly satisfactory. The four sections were observed regularly (deflection measurements, recording of influence curves and calculation of the rd product, recording of transverse profile, measurement by means of the lightweight vibrator, core samples). The method proved to be of great interest as regards cracking. Test results led to the recommendation of the following formulae: (1) Loire sand; (2) cpal cement (4%); (3) anionic emulsion overstabilized with 50% bitumen (4 to 5%). /TRRL/
On Achievable Information Rates in Single-Source Non-Uniform Demand Networks (2006)

A non-uniform demand network consists of a source and a set of receivers that have different min-cut values from the source. We look at the case where each receiver would like to receive information from the source at a rate that is equal to its min-cut value. This problem has been formulated before, and in contrast to the uniform case, it has been shown that the non-uniform case does not admit a good characterization. Motivated by this, we formulate relaxations of the problem and present some preliminary results
High Quality Factor Mode Ordered Dual Foucault Pendulum Gyroscope (2018)

This paper presents the implementation of a coupling mechanism on dynamically-balanced Dual Foucault Pendulum (DFP) gyroscopes, ordering the anti-phase and in-phase modes of vibration. A wide frequency separation is achieved between the desired anti-phase and the spurious in-phase resonance. Mode ordering of dual mass tuning fork gyroscopes provides isolation of the anti-phase resonance, resulting in the reduction of energy losses through mode conversion and improves common-mode rejection. A mode ordered Dual Foucault Pendulum (DFP) gyroscope at an operational frequency of 15 kHz was fabricated using the wafer-level epitaxial silicon encapsulation process. The quality factor higher than 700,000 was achieved after vacuum sealing with an activated getter. The coupling mechanism was explained and initial rate characterization of the device was reported.
<title>Wide-bandwidth silicon nitride membrane microphones</title> (1997)

Small, low cost microphones with high sensitivity at frequencies greater than 20 KHz are desired for applications such as ultrasonic imaging and communication links. To minimize stray capacitance between the microphone and its amplifier circuit, process compatibility between the microphone and on-chip circuitry is also desired to facilitate integration. In this work, we have demonstrated micromachined microphones packaged with hybrid JFET amplifier circuitry with frequency response extending to 100 KHz, and voltage sensitivity of approximately 2.0 mV/Pa from 100 Hz to 10 KHz, and 16.5 mV/Pa at 30 KHz with a bias voltage of 8.0 V. The microphones are fabricated with membranes and fixed backplates made of low temperature plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposited (PECVD) silicon nitride. Because the maximum temperature of the fabrication process is 300 degrees Celsius, microphones may be built on silicon wafers from any commercial CMOS foundry without affecting transistor characteristics, allowing integration with sophisticated amplifier circuitry. Low stress silicon nitride deposition was used to produce membranes up to 2.0 mm diameter and 0.5 micrometer thickness with plus or minus 0.10 micrometer flatness. The excellent planarity of both the diaphragm and the backplate, combined with a narrow sense gap (approximately 2 micrometers) results in high output capacitance (up to 6.0 pF). The high output capacitance results in noise spectral density which is approximately 3x lower than silicon diaphragms microphones previously fabricated by the authors. Diaphragms with corrugations were fabricated to relive tensile stress, to increase deflection per unit pressure and to increase deflection linearity with pressure.
Geometric corner extraction in retinal fundus images (2014)

This paper presents a novel approach of finding corner features between retinal fundus images. Such images are relatively textureless and comprising uneven shades which render state-of-the-art approaches e.g., SIFT to be ineffective. Many of the detected features have low repeatability (<; 10%), especially when the viewing angle difference in the corresponding images is large. Our approach is based on the finding of blood vessels using a robust line fitting algorithm, and locating corner features based on the bends and intersections between the blood vessels. These corner features have proven to be superior to the state-of-the-art feature extraction methods (i.e. SIFT, SURF, Harris, Good Features To Track (GFTT) and FAST) with regard to repeatability and stability in our experiment. Overall in average, the approach has close to 10% more repeatable detected features than the second best in two corresponding retinal images in the experiment.
Massively Parallel Sequencing and Analysis of the Necator americanus Transcriptome (2010)

This study has provided detailed insights into the transcriptome of the adult stage of N. americanus and examines similarities and differences between this species and A. caninum. Future efforts should focus on comparative transcriptomic and proteomic investigations of the other predominant human hookworm, A. duodenale, for both fundamental and applied purposes, including the prevalidation of anti-hookworm drug targets.
Design of AI-Enhanced Drug Lead Optimization Workflow for HPC and Cloud (2020)

Drug discovery is a costly process of searching for new candidate medications. Among its various stages, lead optimization easily consumes more than half of the pre-clinical budget. We propose an automated lead optimization workflow that uses data mining methods in components such as execution of molecular simulations, feature extraction, and clustering with convolutional variational autoencoder. The end-to-end execution produces protein-ligand binding affinity of atoms in the lead molecule which serves as metrics for identifying modifiable atoms. In contrast to known methods, our method provides new hints for drug modification hotspots which can be used to improve drug efficacy. Our workflow can potentially reduce the lead optimization turnaround time from months/years to several days compared with the conventional labor-intensive process and thus will become a valuable tool for medical researchers.
Advances in HIV Microbicide Development (2011)

There is an urgent need control the spread of the global HIV pandemic. A microbicide, or topical drug applied to the mucosal environment to block transmission, is a promising HIV prevention strategy. The development of a safe and efficacious microbicide requires a thorough understanding of the mucosal environment and its role in HIV transmission. Knowledge of the key events in viral infection identifies points at which the virus might be most effectively targeted by a microbicide. The cervicovaginal and rectal mucosa play an important role in the innate defense against HIV, and microbicides must not interfere with these functions. In this review, we discuss the current research on HIV microbicide development.
Modélisation de sonde courants de Foucault avec noyau ferromagnétique (2004)

International audience
A NOVEL MINIMALLY INVASIVE TECHNIQUE FOR SPINAL CORD UNTETHERING (2007)

Tethered spinal cords can be safely and effectively untethered using minimally invasive surgery. This technique provides the advantage of reduced soft tissue injury, less postoperative pain, minimal blood loss, a smaller incision, and a shorter hospitalization. The minimal amount of tissue injury generated by this technique may also provide the added advantage of reduced scar formation and risk of retethering.
Identifying the network coding opportunity (2010)

The broadcast nature of wireless transmission makes network coding possible in wireless networks. The state-of-the-art algorithm, referred to as COPE, utilizes opportunistic listening to encode packets from different unicast sessions. In theory, the network coding gain of COPE is only dependent on the network topology. In practice, it is also dependent on the traffic pattern and MAC layer scheduling. In this paper, we propose an efficient and scalable algorithm “Identifying the Coding OPportunity (ICOP)” to identify the network coding opportunity in a wireless network that takes both the topology and the traffic pattern in the network into consideration. The advantages of ICOP are that it does not require complicated MAC layer scheduling and it does not require extra communication overhead. Our simulations demonstrate that ICOP performs better than COPE in terms of coding gains in the networks with non-evenly distributed traffic patterns.
Cumulative IgE-levels specific for respiratory allergens as biomarker to predict efficacy of anti-IgE-based treatment of severe asthma (2022)

Molecular therapies, including anti-IgE, biologicals and small molecules are increasingly used for treatment of asthma. The effectiveness of these therapies may be increased with biomarkers. Aim of this study was to assess the value of measuring cumulative IgE levels specific for respiratory allergens to increase the efficacy of anti-IgE therapy for severe bronchial asthma. One hundred and thirty seven patients with severe asthma were recruited from 2016 to 2022. Standard empirical allergy diagnosis (i.e., anamnesis, skin testing, allergen-specific IgE measurement), blood eosinophil counting, measurement of total IgE and of cumulative IgE-specific for respiratory allergens by Phadiatop™ were performed. Thirty four patients with severe allergic asthma, for whom all three diagnostic methods were performed, were then used to analyze the efficacy of anti-IgE treatment in patients stratified in two groups according to cumulative IgE levels specific for respiratory allergens determined by Phadiatop™. Group #1 patients (n = 8) had cumulative specific IgE values ≥ 0.35 and < 1.53 PAU/l while in group #2 patients (n = 26) they were ≥ 1.53 PAU/l. Treatment with Omalizumab was performed for at least 12 months. The level of asthma control (ACT questionnaire), the number of asthma exacerbations, the quality of life (AQLQ questionnaire), the need for systemic corticosteroids, and the respiratory function (FEV1) was determined by "before-after" analysis for each group, followed by a comparison of the dynamics between groups. In group 2 patients with an initial allergen-specific IgE level ≥ 1.53 kUA/L, the efficacy of Omalizumab treatment was better regarding asthma control, number of exacerbations, and quality of life than in group 1 patients. Our study provides evidence that measuring cumulative levels of IgE specific for respiratory allergens could be a useful screening method for detecting an allergic phenotype of severe asthma and may serve as biomarker to enhance the success of IgE-targeted therapy.
Diversity of nonribosomal peptide synthetase and polyketide synthase gene clusters among taxonomically close Streptomyces strains (2018)

To identify the species of butyrolactol-producing Streptomyces strain TP-A0882, whole genome-sequencing of three type strains in a close taxonomic relationship was performed. In silico DNA-DNA hybridization using the genome sequences suggested that Streptomyces sp. TP-A0882 is classified as Streptomyces diastaticus subsp. ardesiacus. Strain TP-A0882, S. diastaticus subsp. ardesiacus NBRC 15402<sup>T</sup>, Streptomyces coelicoflavus NBRC 15399<sup>T</sup>, and Streptomyces rubrogriseus NBRC 15455<sup>T</sup> harbor at least 14, 14, 10, and 12 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), respectively, coding for nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) and polyketide synthases (PKSs). All 14 gene clusters were shared by S. diastaticus subsp. ardesiacus strains TP-A0882 and NBRC 15402<sup>T</sup>, while only four gene clusters were shared by the three distinct species. Although BGCs for bacteriocin, ectoine, indole, melanine, siderophores such as deferrioxamine, terpenes such as albaflavenone, hopene, carotenoid and geosmin are shared by the three species, many BGCs for secondary metabolites such as butyrolactone, lantipeptides, oligosaccharide, some terpenes are species-specific. These results indicate the possibility that strains belonging to the same species possess the same set of secondary metabolite-biosynthetic pathways, whereas strains belonging to distinct species have species-specific pathways, in addition to some common pathways, even if the strains are taxonomically close.
Langevin Monte Carlo filtering for target tracking (2015)

This paper introduces the Langevin Monte Carlo Filter (LMCF), a particle filter with a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm which draws proposals by simulating Hamiltonian dynamics. This approach is well suited to non-linear filtering problems in high dimensional state spaces where the bootstrap filter requires an impracticably large number of particles. The simulation of Hamiltonian dynamics is motivated by leveraging more model knowledge in the proposal design. In particular, the gradient of the posterior energy function is used to draw new samples with high probability of acceptance. Furthermore, the introduction of auxiliary variables (the so-called momenta) ensures that new samples do not collapse at a single mode of the posterior density. In comparison with random-walk Metropolis, the LMC algorithm has been proven more efficient as the state dimension increases. Therefore, we are able to verify through experiments that our LMCF is able to attain multi-target tracking using small number of particles when other MCMC-based particle filters relying on random-walk Metropolis require a considerably larger particle number. As a conclusion, we claim that performing little additional work for each particle (in our case, computing likelihood energy gradients) turns out to be very effective as it allows to greatly reduce the number of particles while improving tracking performance.
Discovery, Optimization, and Evaluation of Potent and Highly Selective PI3Kγ–PI3Kδ Dual Inhibitors (2019)

An electronic density model was developed and used to identify a novel pyrrolotriazinone replacement for a quinazolinone, a commonly used moiety to impart selectivity in inhibitors for PI3Kγ and PI3Kδ. Guided by molecular docking, this new specificity piece was then linked to the hinge-binding region of the inhibitor using a novel cyclic moiety. Further structure-activity relationship optimization around the hinge region led to the discovery of candidate 26, a highly potent and selective PI3Kγ-PI3Kδ dual inhibitor with favorable drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic properties in preclinical species.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Syntheses of (α‐Fluoropropargyl)phosphonate Esters. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.