gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Titelbild: Kontrollierte Freisetzung von verkapselten flüchtigen bioaktiven Verbindungen durch Brechen der Kapselwand als Folge einer lichtinduzierten Gasbildung (Angew. Chem. 7/2015) (2015)

Wie eine Orangenschale schützt die Hülle von Kern/Schale-Kapseln eingeschlossene Aromen und Duftstoffe gegen vorzeitige Zersetzung. Um das Aroma freizusetzen, muss in beiden Fällen die Schale mechanisch entfernt werden. In der Zuschrift auf S. 2303 ff. berichten D. L. Berthier, A. Herrmann et al., dass die Mitverkapselung von 2-Oxoacetaten die lichtgesteuerte Freisetzung von Duftstoffen durch photochemisch induzierte Bildung eines Gasüberdrucks ermöglicht, der ohne zusätzliche mechanische Kraft die Kapselwand zum Bersten bringt. Wie eine Orangenschale schützt die Hülle von Kern/Schale-Kapseln eingeschlossene Aromen und Duftstoffe gegen vorzeitige Zersetzung. Um das Aroma freizusetzen, muss in beiden Fällen die Schale mechanisch entfernt werden. In der Zuschrift auf S. 2303 ff. berichten D. L. Berthier, A. Herrmann et al., dass die Mitverkapselung von 2-Oxoacetaten die lichtgesteuerte Freisetzung von Duftstoffen durch photochemisch induzierte Bildung eines Gasüberdrucks ermöglicht, der ohne zusätzliche mechanische Kraft die Kapselwand zum Bersten bringt. Isotopeneffekte In der Zuschrift auf S. 2080 ff. beleuchten W. Ma, J. Zhao et al. einen protoneninduzierten Pfad der TiO2-vermittelten photochemischen Dehalogenierung nichtadsorbierender Arylbromide mit inversem kinetischem Isotopeneffekt des Lösungsmittels.1 Synthesemethoden Die intermolekulare Dearomatisierung von β-Naphtholen mit Aziridinen unter Verwendung eines chiralen Magnesiumkatalysators ist das Thema der Zuschrift von R. Wang et al. auf S. 2213 ff. Die Produkte wurden in ein polycyclisches Molekülgerüst und eine Polyhydroxyverbindung überführt.1 Chromophore In der Zuschrift auf S. 2314 ff. beschreiben K. Müllen et al. vielseitige Synthesemethoden, mit deren Hilfe der altbewährte Farbstoff Perylen-3,4:9,10-tetracarbonsäurediimid (PDI) in neuartige Chromophore umgewandelt werden kann.1
Analysis Of A Novel Strained Silicon Rf Ldmos (2010)

In this paper we propose a novel RF LDMOS structure which employs a thin strained silicon layer at the top of the channel and the N-Drift region. The strain is induced by a relaxed Si0.8 Ge0.2 layer which is on top of a compositionally graded SiGe buffer. We explain the underlying physics of the device and compare the proposed device with a conventional LDMOS in terms of energy band diagram and carrier concentration. Numerical simulations of the proposed strained silicon laterally diffused MOS using a 2 dimensional device simulator indicate improvements in saturation and linear transconductance, current drivability, cut off frequency and on resistance. These improvements are however accompanied with a suppression in the break down voltage.
Detection of Viruses By Counting Single Fluorescent Genetically Biotinylated Reporter Immunophage Using a Lateral Flow Assay (2015)

We demonstrated a lateral flow immunoassay (LFA) for detection of viruses using fluorescently labeled M13 bacteriophage as reporters and single-reporter counting as the readout. AviTag-biotinylated M13 phage were functionalized with antibodies using avidin-biotin conjugation and fluorescently labeled with AlexaFluor 555. Individual phage bound to target viruses (here MS2 as a model) captured on an LFA membrane strip were imaged using epi-fluorescence microscopy. Using automated image processing, we counted the number of bound phage in micrographs as a function of target concentration. The resultant assay was more sensitive than enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and traditional colloidal-gold nanoparticle LFAs for direct detection of viruses.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Cytoglobin, the Newest Member of the Globin Family, Functions as a Tumor Suppressor Gene (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Cytoglobin, the Newest Member of the Globin Family, Functions as a Tumor Suppressor Gene
Testing high-speed IO links using on-die circuitry (2006)

This paper describes a novel technique to enable characterization of high-speed IO links and transceivers without the use of special external test equipment. The test circuit has been implemented in 7-metal 90nm CMOS technology. A register file has been used to characterize a high-speed IO link by recording information such as the number of errors, the time of the error and to calibrate the transceiver circuit parameters. The testing approach uses the IEEE 1149.1 JTAG protocol to feed the control signals and to capture the status of key nodes in the transceivers. The high-speed register file operating at 625 MHz has been made seamlessly readable through the JTAG scan chain operating at a maximum of 80 MHz. The simulation results show that we can successfully test the system and capture the behavior of the transceiver and link.
Past, Present, and Future of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence for Breast Cancer Screening (2022)

Breast cancer screening has evolved substantially over the past few decades because of advancements in new image acquisition systems and novel artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. This review provides a brief overview of the history, current state, and future of AI in breast cancer screening and diagnosis along with challenges involved in the development of AI systems. Although AI has been developing for interpretation tasks associated with breast cancer screening for decades, its potential to combat the subjective nature and improve the efficiency of human image interpretation is always expanding. The rapid advancement of computational power and deep learning has increased greatly in AI research, with promising performance in detection and classification tasks across imaging modalities. Most AI systems, based on human-engineered or deep learning methods, serve as concurrent or secondary readers, that is, as aids to radiologists for a specific, well-defined task. In the future, AI may be able to perform multiple integrated tasks, making decisions at the level of or surpassing the ability of humans. Artificial intelligence may also serve as a partial primary reader to streamline ancillary tasks, triaging cases or ruling out obvious normal cases. However, before AI is used as an independent, autonomous reader, various challenges need to be addressed, including explainability and interpretability, in addition to repeatability and generalizability, to ensure that AI will provide a significant clinical benefit to breast cancer screening across all populations.
Fetal MRI Correlates with Postnatal CT Angiogram Assessment of Pulmonary Anatomy in Tetralogy of Fallot with Absent Pulmonary Valve (2013)

In tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve, pulmonary stenosis and regurgitation results in significant pulmonary artery dilatation. Branch pulmonary artery dilatation often compresses the tracheobronchial tree, causing fluid trapping in fetal life and air trapping and/or atelectasis after birth. Prenatal diagnosis predicts poor prognosis, which depends on the degree of respiratory insufficiency from airway compromise and lung parenchymal disease after birth. Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been useful in evaluating the effects of congenital lung lesions on lung development and indicating severity of pulmonary hypoplasia. This report is the first demonstrating the utility of fetal MRI in tetralogy of Fallot/absent pulmonary valve patients, which predicted postnatal pulmonary artery size and visualized airway compression and lung parenchymal lesions. The distribution of lobar fluid trapping on fetal MRI correlated with air trapping on postnatal computed tomography angiogram.
A prospective study of glycemia, body size, insulin resistance and the risk of hypertension in Mauritius (2008)

Risk factor patterns depended on duration of follow-up. Over 5 years, hypertension was related to 2-h plasma glucose but not to measures of body size or homeostasis model assessment, while over 11 years, incident hypertension was related to BMI but not waist circumference, 2-h plasma glucose, or homeostasis model assessment. These findings support a more important role for 2-h plasma glucose and overall adiposity than waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, or insulin resistance in the development of hypertension in Mauritius.
Timing-driven placement by grid-warping (2005)

Grid-warping is a recent placement strategy based on a novel physical analogy: rather than move the gates to optimize their location, it elastically deforms a model of the 2-D chip surface on which the gates have been coarsely placed via a standard quadratic solve. In this paper, we introduce a timing-driven grid-warping formulation that incorporates slack-sensitivity-based net weighting. Given inevitable concerns about wirelength and runtime degradation in any timingdriven scheme, we also incorporate a more efficient net model and an integrated local improvement ("rewarping") step. An implementation of these ideas, WARP2, can improve worst-case negative slack by 37% on average, with very modest increases in wirelength and runtime.
Living with lung disease: experimental models to assess the long-term effects of prematurity (2022)

Laboratory models provide an important tool in helping to understand the cellular and molecular drivers of respiratory disease. Many animal models exist that model the neonatal outcomes of preterm birth. Discoveries at the laboratory bench from examination of both human tissue and tissues from animal models have informed the life-saving technologies and clinical care used today. Yet animal laboratory models of preterm birth have rarely been utilized beyond the neonatal period, despite growing reports of respiratory symptoms and subnormal lung function throughout childhood. Elucidation of the driving factors and physiological explanations underpinning poor outcomes in survivors of preterm birth are crucial to optimize clinical care and identify therapeutic targets. Can existing neonatal models be utilized to study respiratory outcomes beyond infancy? This review answers the question by highlighting the clinical evidence underpinning an active respiratory disease process after preterm birth and exploring the benefits and drawbacks of existing models to conduct research into the long-term respiratory outcomes of preterm birth.
Channel interaction of the three6pndJ=3autoionizing series in barium (1985)

The energies and widths of a 6${p}_{3/2}$nd J=3 autoionizing series are reported for n=8--17. Above the 6${p}_{1/2}$ ion limit the series is found to have approximately constant values for the quantum defect (\ensuremath{\mu}\ensuremath{\approxeq}2.85) and for the scaled widths (${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{n}$${n}^{\mathrm{*}3}$\ensuremath{\approxeq}0.07 a.u.). Comparisons are made with the previously reported energies and widths of the other two J=3 6pnd autoionizing series [F. Gounand et al., Phys. Rev. A 27, 1925 (1983)]. The interaction of all three series is analyzed using a six-channel multichannel-quantum-defect-theory model which successfully accounts for energies, widths, and complex excitation spectra for the three series. Conclusions concerning state wave functions are drawn from the data and implications regarding the strengths of different electron interactions are discussed. Additionally, information is obtained concerning the interaction of the bound perturber 5d7d ${\mathrm{}}^{3}$${F}_{2}$ with the 6s14d ${\mathrm{}}^{1}$,3${\mathrm{D}}_{2}$ states.
Combinatorial prediction of marker panels from single‐cell transcriptomic data (2019)

Single-cell transcriptomic studies are identifying novel cell populations with exciting functional roles in various in vivo contexts, but identification of succinct gene marker panels for such populations remains a challenge. In this work, we introduce COMET, a computational framework for the identification of candidate marker panels consisting of one or more genes for cell populations of interest identified with single-cell RNA-seq data. We show that COMET outperforms other methods for the identification of single-gene panels and enables, for the first time, prediction of multi-gene marker panels ranked by relevance. Staining by flow cytometry assay confirmed the accuracy of COMET's predictions in identifying marker panels for cellular subtypes, at both the single- and multi-gene levels, validating COMET's applicability and accuracy in predicting favorable marker panels from transcriptomic input. COMET is a general non-parametric statistical framework and can be used as-is on various high-throughput datasets in addition to single-cell RNA-sequencing data. COMET is available for use via a web interface (http://www.cometsc.com/) or a stand-alone software package (https://github.com/MSingerLab/COMETSC).
Equal-Channel Angular Pressing as a Production Tool for Superplastic Materials (2001)

Equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) was applied for grain refinement of Al-3%Mg0.2%Fe and Al-3%Mg-0.2%Ti alloys and also for a commercial Al 2024 alloy. The grain sizes of the alloys were reduced to similar to0.3 mum. The stability of the fine-grained structures were examined and it was found that the small grains remained stable up to the temperatures of similar to 250 degreesC for the Al-3%Mg-0.2%Fe and Al-3%Mg-0.2%Ti alloys and similar to 400 degreesC for the Al 2024 alloy. Tensile tests revealed maximum elongations of similar to 370% and similar to 180% in the Al-3%Mg0.2%Fe and Al-3%Mg-0.2%Ti alloys, respectively, at a temperature of 250 degreesC with an initial strain rate of 3.3x10(-4) s(-1). There is some evidence for low temperature superplasticity in the Al-3%Mg-0.2%Fe alloy. A maximum elongation of similar to 460% was attained in the Al 2024 alloy at 400 degreesC with an initial strain rate of 10(-3) s(-1). It is demonstrated that the ECAP can be effective in producing superplastic materials.
Correction to “Accelerated Discovery of Novel Ponatinib Analogs with Improved Properties for the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease” (2020)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00612.].
High seroprevalence but short‐lived immune response to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in Paris (2020)

Although the COVID-19 pandemic peaked in March/April 2020 in France, the prevalence of infection is barely known. Using high-throughput methods, we assessed herein the serological response against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) of 1847 participants working in three sites of an institution in Paris conurbation. In May-July 2020, 11% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.7-12.6) of serums were positive for IgG against the SARS-CoV-2 N and S proteins, and 9.5% (95% CI: 8.2-11.0) were neutralizer in pseudo-typed virus assays. The prevalence of seroconversion was 11.6% (95% CI: 10.2-13.2) when considering positivity in at least one assay. In 5% of RT-qPCR positive individuals, no systemic IgGs were detected. Among immune individuals, 21% had been asymptomatic. Anosmia (loss of smell) and ageusia (loss of taste) occurred in 52% of the IgG-positive individuals and in 3% of the negative ones. In contrast, 30% of the anosmia-ageusia cases were seronegative, suggesting that the true prevalence of infection may have reached 16.6%. In sera obtained 4-8 weeks after the first sampling, anti-N and anti-S IgG titers and neutralization activity in pseudo-virus assay declined by 31%, 17%, and 53%, resulting thus in half-life of 35, 87, and 28 days, respectively. The population studied is representative of active workers in Paris. The short lifespan of the serological systemic responses suggests an underestimation of the true prevalence of infection.
E7386, a Selective Inhibitor of the Interaction between β-Catenin and CBP, Exerts Antitumor Activity in Tumor Models with Activated Canonical Wnt Signaling (2021)

The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays crucial roles in embryonic development and the development of multiple types of cancer, and its aberrant activation provides cancer cells with escape mechanisms from immune checkpoint inhibitors. E7386, an orally active selective inhibitor of the interaction between β-catenin and CREB binding protein, which is part of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, disrupts the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in HEK293 and adenomatous polyposis coli (<i>APC</i>)-mutated human gastric cancer ECC10 cells. It also inhibited tumor growth in an ECC10 xenograft model and suppressed polyp formation in the intestinal tract of <i>Apc<sup>Min</sup></i> <sup>/+</sup> mice, in which mutation of <i>Apc</i> activates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. E7386 demonstrated antitumor activity against mouse mammary tumors developed in mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV)-Wnt1 transgenic mice. Gene expression profiling using RNA sequencing data of MMTV-Wnt1 tumor tissue from mice treated with E7386 showed that E7386 downregulated genes in the hypoxia signaling pathway and immune responses related to the CCL2, and IHC analysis showed that E7386 induced infiltration of CD8<sup>+</sup> cells into tumor tissues. Furthermore, E7386 showed synergistic antitumor activity against MMTV-Wnt1 tumor in combination with anti-PD-1 antibody. In conclusion, E7386 demonstrates clear antitumor activity via modulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and alteration of the tumor and immune microenvironments, and its antitumor activity can be enhanced in combination with anti-PD-1 antibody. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings demonstrate that the novel anticancer agent, E7386, modulates Wnt/β-catenin signaling, altering the tumor immune microenvironment and exhibiting synergistic antitumor activity in combination with anti-PD-1 antibody.
A cross-coupled common centroid test structures layout method for high precision MIM capacitor mismatch measurements (2014)

A new test structure layout method utilizing highly symmetrical quadruple DUT-to-pad connection rails enables much higher precision DUT-1-2-1-2 MIM capacitors mismatch characterization and gives significantly smaller systematic mismatch errors compared to approaches attempted before. A record low random mismatch fluctuation standard deviation of 20 ppm (0.002%)is shown to be measurable for large MIM capacitor pairs.
Outcome of Penicillin‐Susceptible Streptococcal Prosthetic Joint Infection Treated with Debridement and Retention of the Prosthesis (2003)

Debridement with retention of the prosthesis was the initial treatment modality for 19 cases of penicillin-susceptible streptococcal prosthetic joint infection that occurred in 18 patients who presented to the Mayo Clinic (Rochester, Minnesota) during 1969-1998. All of the cases of prosthetic joint infection occurred >30 days after implantation of the prosthesis, which was well fixed at the time of debridement. The median duration of symptoms before debridement was 4 days (range, 1-10 days). Treatment failure (defined as relapse of infection with the original microorganism) occurred in 2 cases (10.5%) during a median follow-up period of 3.9 years (range, 0.3-21.7 years). The 1-year cumulative risk of relapse was 11% (95% confidence interval, 0%-26%). Relapse of prosthetic joint infection due to penicillin-susceptible streptococci after debridement and retention of the prosthesis is uncommon. For patients who present with a well-fixed prosthesis and a short duration of symptoms, debridement with retention appears to be an effective treatment modality.
On the Effect of Glassy Coatings on the Wear of a Sliding Contact via Multiphysics Modeling (2019)

Abstract A recently developed multiphysics computational framework is exercised to predict the wear behavior of two deformable and heat conducting bodies under conditions of sliding contact. This framework enables the solution of a high dimensional thermo-mechanical problem simultaneously and tightly coupled with the associated wear evolution models for each of the wear pair bodies, thus enabling predictions of wear for both of them. Two distinct slider-base pairs are modeled. The first involves an aluminum alloy slider and a copper alloy base. The second is a pair identical to the first except it contains a thin strip of soda lime glass embedded in the surface of the base. The objective of this effort is to establish the effects of this glass layer on the wear of all participating bodies in comparison to the pair that does not contain this layer. The results indicate that while the glass layer has a wear mitigation effect for the stationary base it slightly increases the wear of the slider when compared with the respective bodies when the glass is not present.
Neue Ansätze zur direkten Verwendung elementaren Schwefels in der Synthese und Verarbeitung moderner Werkstoffe (2015)

Abstract Elementarer Schwefel ist ein weitverbreitetes und preiswertes Material, das bei der Erdgas‐ und Erdöl‐Raffination als Nebenprodukt anfällt. Die Notwendigkeit, neue Energiespeichersysteme zu entwickeln, brachte vor kurzem das Potential von Schwefel als hochleistungsfähiges Kathodenmaterial in Sekundärbatterien ans Licht. Außerdem wurden die nützlichen optischen Eigenschaften schwefelhaltiger Materialien im Infrarotbereich entdeckt. Diese Entwicklungen gepaart mit den wachsenden ökologischen Bedenken im Zusammenhang mit der globalen Produktion von überschüssigem elementarem Schwefel führten zu einem großen Interesse an seiner Nutzung als Rohstoff in Werkstoffanwendungen. Dieser Kurzaufsatz konzentriert sich auf die jüngsten Entwicklungen physikalischer und chemischer Methoden für die direkte Verarbeitung von elementarem Schwefel in der Produktion funktionaler Verbundwerkstoffe und Polymere.
Joint camera blur and pose estimation from aliased data (2018)

A joint-estimation algorithm is presented that enables simultaneous camera blur and pose estimation from a known calibration target in the presence of aliasing. Specifically, a parametric maximum-likelihood (ML) point-spread function estimate is derived for characterizing a camera's optical imperfections through the use of a calibration target in an otherwise loosely controlled environment. The imaging perspective, ambient-light levels, target reflectance, detector gain and offset, quantum efficiency, and read-noise levels are all treated as nuisance parameters. The Cramér-Rao bound is derived, and simulations demonstrate that the proposed estimator achieves near optimal mean squared error performance. The proposed method is applied to experimental data to validate the fidelity of the forward models as well as to establish the utility of the resulting ML estimates for both system identification and subsequent image restoration.
Upstream Film Cooling on the Contoured Endwall of a Transonic Turbine Vane in an Annular Cascade (2021)

Abstract The effects of mainstream flow velocity, density ratio (DR), and coolant-to-mainstream mass flow ratio (MFR) on a vane endwall in a transonic, annular cascade were investigated. A blow down facility consisting of five vanes was used. The film cooling effectiveness was measured using binary pressure-sensitive paint (BPSP). The mainstream flow was set using isentropic exit Mach numbers of 0.7 and 0.9. The coolant-to-mainstream density ratio varied from 1.0 to 2.0. The coolant-to- mainstream MFR varied from 0.75% to 1.25%. The endwall was cooled by 18 discrete holes located upstream of the vane passage to provide cooling to the upstream half of the endwall. Due to the curvature of the vane endwall, the upstream holes provided uniform coverage entering the endwall passage. The coverage was effective leading to the throat of the passage, where the downstream holes could provide additional protection. Increasing the coolant flowrate increased the effectiveness provided by the film cooling holes. Increasing the density of the coolant increases the effectiveness on the endwall while enhancing the lateral spread of the coolant. Finally, increasing the velocity of the mainstream while holding the MFR constant also yields increased protection on the endwall. Over the range of flow conditions considered in this study, the binary pressure-sensitive paint proved to be a valuable tool for obtaining detailed pressure and film effectiveness distributions.