gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reactive extrusion of intumescent stereocomplexed poly‐L,D‐lactide: characterization and reaction to fire (2012)

This paper reports works conducted on intumescent stereocomplexed polylactide synthesized for the first time by reactive extrusion. This reactive extrusion process is an innovative, efficient and ecofriendly way to product polylactides. This stereocomplexed polylactide results from the two‐step polymerization of L‐lactide and D‐lactide to yield poly‐L,D‐lactide multiblocks. Our reactive extrusion process permits to make polylactide matrix able to form stereocomplex crystallinity and to incorporate flame‐retardant additives during synthesis at the same time. This material can be molded keeping its stereocomplex crystallinity. The flame retardants which are a combination of ammonium polyphosphate, melamine and organoclay provide an intumescent behavior upon heating to the stereocomplex, and the flame‐retarded material exhibits very low flammability (peak of heat release rate is decreased by 83% and total heat released is decreased by 95% during cone calorimetry experiment). Copyright © 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Robot Companions for Citizens (2011)

This paper describes the scientific vision and objectives of the FET Flagship candidate initiative Robot Companions for Citizens. Robot Companions will be a new generation of machines that will primarily help and assist elderly people in activities of daily living in their workplace, home and in society. They will be the ICT solution for a new sustainable welfare.
High‐Performance Selective Excitation Pulses for Solid‐ and Liquid‐State NMR Spectroscopy (2004)

Computer-optimized selective pulses are routinely used in solution-state NMR spectroscopy. At the same time, their utility and importance for solid-state applications has yet to be fully realized. We suggest a new computational approach that makes the design of soft selective pulses with desired properties relatively straightforward. By applying this technique to the generic selective excitation problem, we have arrived at a family of high performance selective excitation pulses, dubbed E-Family, that allows more flexibility and better performance than analogous pulses previously reported in the literature. The new pulses have been successfully tested in both solid- and solution-state NMR experiments. A theoretical treatment of the effects of chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) on the selective excitation in magic-angle spinning (MAS) experiments in solids is presented. The set of heuristics that comprise our new strategy were incorporated into a general NMR simulation program SPINEVOLUTION.
Search for squarks and gluinos in final states with jets and missing transverse momentum using 139 fb−1 of $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV pp collision data with the ATLAS detector (2021)

A bstract A search for the supersymmetric partners of quarks and gluons (squarks and gluinos) in final states containing jets and missing transverse momentum, but no electrons or muons, is presented. The data used in this search were recorded by the ATLAS experiment in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $$ \sqrt{s} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:msqrt> </mml:math> = 13 TeV during Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb − 1 . The results are interpreted in the context of various R -parity-conserving models where squarks and gluinos are produced in pairs or in association and a neutralino is the lightest supersymmetric particle. An exclusion limit at the 95% confidence level on the mass of the gluino is set at 2.30 TeV for a simplified model containing only a gluino and the lightest neutralino, assuming the latter is massless. For a simplified model involving the strong production of mass-degenerate first- and second-generation squarks, squark masses below 1.85 TeV are excluded if the lightest neutralino is massless. These limits extend substantially beyond the region of supersymmetric parameter space excluded previously by similar searches with the ATLAS detector.
On the feasibility of a single scan B1+ correction scheme in combination with Multiple Interleaved Mode Saturation for quantitative CEST at 7 Tesla (2020)

In Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer MR both B1+-inhomogeneity correction and mitigation have their limitations, in particular if large field-of views shall be covered. To overcome these limitations a Multiple Interleaved Mode Saturation scheme was applied together with a linear B1+ inhomogeneity correction method. Repeatability and reproducibility of the MTRRex metric for rNOE and APT were investigated. A combination of MIMOSA and a simple single point correction allows achieving repeatable and reproducible CEST contrast in whole brain with an acquisition time of 4min 54s.
Optimization of the autocorrelation weighting function for the time-domain calculation of spectral centroids (2015)

Spectral centroid from the backscattered ultrasound provides important information about the attenuation properties of soft tissues and Doppler effects of blood flows. Because the spectral centroid is originally determined from the power spectrum of backscattered ultrasound signals in the frequency domain, it is natural to calculate it after converting time-domain signals into spectral domain signals, using the fast Fourier transform (FFT). Recent research, however, derived the time-domain equations for calculating the spectral centroid using a Parseval's theorem, to avoid the calculation of the Fourier transform. The work only presented the final result, which showed that the computational time of the proposed time-domain method was 4.4 times faster than that of the original FFT-based method, whereas the average estimation error was negligible. In this paper, we present the optimal design of the autocorrelation weighting function, which is used for the timedomain spectral centroid estimation process, to reduce the computational time significantly. We also carry out a comprehensive analysis of the computational complexities of the FFTbased and time-domain methods with respect to the length of ultrasound signal segments. The simulation results using numerical phantoms show that, with the optimized autocorrelation weighting function, we only need approximately 3% of the full set of data points. In addition to that, because the proposed optimization technique requires a fixed number of data points to calculate the spectral centroid, the execution time is constant as the length of the data segment increases, whereas the execution time of the conventional FFT-based method is increased. Analysis of the computational complexities between the proposed method and the conventional FFT-based method presents O(N) and O(Nlog2N), respectively.
Coupling analysis of heterogeneous integrated InP based photonic crystal triangular lattice band-edge lasers and silicon waveguides (2005)

In recent years, many groups have envisioned the possibility of integrating optical and electronic devices in a single chip. In this paper, we study the integration of a photonic crystal laser fabricated in InP with a silicon passive waveguide. The coupling of energy between a 2D photonic crystal (PhC) triangular lattice band-edge laser and waveguide positioned underneath is analyzed in this paper. We show that a 40% coupling could be achieved provided the distance between the laser and the waveguide is carefully adjusted. A general description of the fabrication process used to realize these devices is also included in this paper.
Optical property measurements establish the feasibility of photodynamic therapy as a minimally invasive intervention for tumors of the kidney (2012)

We measured the optical properties of freshly excised kidneys with renal parenchymal tumors to assess the feasibility of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in these patients. Kidneys were collected from 16 patients during surgical nephrectomies. Spatially resolved, white light, steady-state diffuse reflectance measurements were performed on normal and neoplastic tissue identified by a pathologist. Reflectance data were fit using a radiative transport model to obtain absorption (μa) and transport scattering coefficients (μs'), which define a characteristic light propagation distance, δ. Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of light propagation from cylindrical diffusing fibers were run using the optical properties extracted from each of the kidneys. Interpretable spectra were obtained from 14 kidneys. Optical properties of human renal cancers exhibit significant inter-lesion heterogeneity. For all diagnoses, however, there is a trend toward increased light penetration at longer wavelengths. For renal cell carcinomas (RCC), mean values of δ increase from 1.28 to 2.78 mm as the PDT treatment wavelength is increased from 630 to 780 nm. MC simulations of light propagation from interstitial optical fibers show that fluence distribution in tumors is significantly improved at 780 versus 630 nm. Our results support the feasibility of PDT in selected renal cancer patients, especially with photosensitizers activated at longer wavelengths.
<title>Prospective coronary angioscopy assessment of allograft coronary artery disease in human cardiac transplant recipients</title> (1993)

Annual angiographic assessment to determine the presence or progression of allograft coronary artery disease (CAD) has been unable to modify the natural history of this disease. Coronary angioscopy is a sensitive method to detect the early presence of coronary artery disease and in a retrospective analysis severity of CAD by angioscopy correlated with the time since transplantation. The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate progression of coronary artery disease over a one year period in 40 cardiac transplant recipients. The progression of coronary artery disease as assessed by angioscopy is directly related to time after transplantation and therefore angioscopy may be the method of choice for detection and evaluation of therapeutic regimens to control allograft coronary artery disease.
Immunomodulating properties of a novel series of protein kinase C activators. The bryostatins. (1988)

Low concentrations of the protein kinase C activators, bryostatins 1 and 2 synergized with recombinant B cell stimulatory factor-1 in triggering differentiation (granule enzyme expression) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) development in naive, resting lymph node T cells. Bryostatin greatly enhances efficiency of recombinant interleukin-2 in triggering development of in vivo primed CTL during in vitro incubation, thereby providing experimental evidence for the efficacious use of lower concentrations of recombinant interleukin-2 for in vivo tumor rejection studies. Both bryostatins 1 and 2 were able to trigger cytotoxicity of CTL clones against antigen-nonbearing target cells and inhibited CTL cytotoxicity against Ag-specific target cells. Bryostatin 1 and 2 synergize with Ca2+ ionophores in triggering the exocytosis of cytolytic granules from CTL at very low concentrations. In view of the lack of tumor promoting activity of the bryostatins, the possible use of these agents in vivo is discussed.
Reading experiences influencing the acceptance of e-book devices (2015)

Purpose – This paper aims to explore users’ perception of, and then intention toward using, e-book devices as new reading devices, based upon an integrated technology acceptance model (TAM), reading engagement based upon flow theory and readability. The recent introduction of e-book devices has drastically changed the way people access and use reading content. However, few studies have explored the impact of reading experience on acceptance of e-book devices. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 219 participants participated in a survey after using e-book devices to analyze the research model. Findings – This study confirmed the crucial roles played by viewing experience, perceived mobility, perceived behavioral control, skill and readability. Also perceived usefulness and text satisfaction were found to have a positive and significant association with acceptance of e-book devices. Research limitations/implications – Implications and suggestions for researchers and manufacturers are also addressed in the present study. Originality/value – The current study focused on how actual reading experiences using e-book devices influences acceptance of e-book devices, through the triangular integrated model of TAM, reading engagement and readability features, and investigating users’ reading experience on the basis of responses to the characteristics of e-book devices.
Optical response of metal nanoparticle chains (2006)

We study the optical responses of metal nanoparticle chains. Multiple scattering calculations are used to study the extinction cross sections of silver nanosphere chains of finite length embedded in a glass matrix. The transmission and reflection coefficients of periodic 2D arrays of silver nanospheres are also calculated to understand the interaction between nanoparticle chains. The results are in agreement with recent experiments. The splitting of plasmon-resonance modes for different polarizations of the incident light are explored. Results on the effect of disorder are also presented.
Effect of the Addition of Cetuximab to Paclitaxel, Cisplatin, and Radiation Therapy for Patients With Esophageal Cancer (2017)

clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00655876.
Lymphocyte Antigen Receptor Signal Integration and Regulation by the SHC Adaptor (1999)

The Shc adaptor protein transduces signals from transmembrane receptors to the Ras pathway of cell activation by providing binding sites for the recruitment to the submembrane compartment of the Grb2/Sos G-nucleotide exchange complex. The need for Shc in this process is however unclear since Grb2 can be recruited directly to phosphotyrosine containing membrane receptors through its src-homology-2 domain. Evidence from studies in lymphocytes indicates that Shc is multifunctional and is involved in the integration of independent signals to the Ras pathway. Furthermore, Shc may be a key control point at which signaling can be modulated both by interfering signals and by feedback mechanisms. Here we review recent literature to support these functions for Shc.
GPR43 Potentiates β-Cell Function in Obesity (2015)

The intestinal microbiome can regulate host energy homeostasis and the development of metabolic disease. Here we identify GPR43, a receptor for bacterially produced short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as a modulator of microbiota-host interaction. β-Cell expression of GPR43 and serum levels of acetate, an endogenous SCFA, are increased with a high-fat diet (HFD). HFD-fed GPR43 knockout (KO) mice develop glucose intolerance due to a defect in insulin secretion. In vitro treatment of isolated murine islets, human islets, and Min6 cells with (S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3,3-dimethyl-N-(5-phenylthiazol-2-yl)butanamide (PA), a specific agonist of GPR43, increased intracellular inositol triphosphate and Ca(2+) levels, and potentiated insulin secretion in a GPR43-, Gαq-, and phospholipase C-dependent manner. In addition, KO mice fed an HFD displayed reduced β-cell mass and expression of differentiation genes, and the treatment of Min6 cells with PA increased β-cell proliferation and gene expression. Together these findings identify GPR43 as a potential target for therapeutic intervention.
EFFECT OF ADDING IDELALISIB TO FRONTLINE OFATUMUMAB PLUS EITHER CHLORAMBUCIL OR BENDAMUSTINE IN LESS FIT PATIENTS WITH CLL: PRELIMINARY RESULTS FROM THE NCRI RIALTO TRIAL. (2017)

Introduction: The Phase 3 RIAltO trial opened in December 2011 to compare ofatumumab plus chlorambucil (O + C) with ofatumumab plus bendamustine (O + B) in patients with previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) considered unfit for FCR (fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, rituximab). A protocol amendment was introduced in September 2014 to investigate the addition of idelalisib (first-in-class inhibitor of the p110δ isoform of phosphoinositol-3 kinase) or placebo. Review of safety data in January 2016 revealed excessive toxicity due to idelalisib, and recruitment was suspended. All idelalisib/placebo treatment was withdrawn from the trial in March 2016 following safety analysis of idelalisib registration studies and recommendations from Gilead Sciences Ltd and regulatory authorities. Here, we present a preliminary analysis of the cohort of patients in RIAltO who received idelalisib or placebo. Methods: Patients were eligible for inclusion if they had previously untreated CLL requiring treatment by NCI/IWCLL criteria, were considered unfit for FCR and did not have any contraindications to the study drugs. Consenting patients underwent an unblinded 1:1 randomisation to ofatumumab (300 mg iv day 1 and 1000 mg iv day 8 of cycle 1; 1000 mg iv day 1 of cycle 2 onwards) plus either chlorambucil (10 mg/m2 day 1-7, repeated every 28 days for 3-12 cycles) or bendamustine (70 mg/m2 iv day 1-2 for 3-6 cycles) and a double-blinded 1:1 randomisation to concurrently administered placebo or idelalisib (150 mg bd for up to 3 years). Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis was recommended. Study drugs were continued until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). The post-treatment reporting period for serious adverse events (SAEs) was 6 months for grade 3-4 infections and 28 days for other events. Results: 145 patients received idelalisib (73) or placebo (72), with a median idelalisib exposure time of 2.5 months. As of March 2017, SAEs were reported in 77% of idelalisib-treated patients (81 grade 3-4 and 8 grade 5) compared to 39% in the placebo group (35 grade 3-4 and 2 grade 5). The frequency of SAEs in the idelalisib-treated group was similar in both chemotherapy arms. Grade 5 events in this group included sepsis (1), lung infection (3), febrile neutropenia (2), myocardial infarction (1) and sudden death NOS (1). After a median follow-up of 15 months, 17 PFS events have been observed in the placebo group compared with 11 in the idelalisib group. Keywords: chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); Idelalisib (CAL-101, GS-1101); ofatumumab.
A New Route To Stabilize the Smectic C Phase in a Series of Laterally Attached Side-Chain Liquid Crystalline Polynorbornenes with a One-Carbon Spacer (2000)

A series of polynorbornenes (PNBEs) with 1,4-bis[(3'-fluoro-4'-n-alkoxyphenyl)ethynyl]benzene mesogens (n = 9−12) laterally attached to the polymer backbone through a one-carbon spacer were previously synthesized by ring-opening metathesis polymerization of the corresponding norbornene-based monomers. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) experiments demonstrate that the mesogens organize into the tilted layer structure of a smectic C (SC) phase at room temperature, and polarized light microscopy demonstrates that the highest temperature ordered phase is a nematic (N) phase. Upon heating above room temperature, the tilt angle of the SC phase of all of the PNBEs (n = 9−12) continuously decreases, especially at temperatures above 70 °C for the PNBEs (n = 9−11) and 60 °C for the PNBE (n = 12). However, the SC phase of the PNBEs (n = 9−11) transforms to a N phase before the tilt angle reaches zero. That is, the SA phase is never actually achieved in the PNBEs (n = 9−11), although the decrease in the tilt angles corresponds to a broad endotherm in the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiments in the same temperature region. This speculation is proven by the stable SA phase of PNBE (n = 12) observed by WAXD at temperatures above 83 °C. The transition between the SC and SA phases is not a first-order transition according to DSC measurements and is instead a second-order transition based on the gradual decrease to 0° in the tilt angle, which serves as an order parameter.
Flow-Controlled Air Dryer Regeneration System (1986)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Dry air is an important safety factor for automotive air brake systems. The basic physics of heatless air drying are outlined. Some real solutions are introduced. The operating limits of dual chamber air-dryers are identified. An electronic control system is described which improves air-dryer performance while minimizing energy consumption and air wastage, thereby improving the performance and reliability of the pneumatic equipment.&lt;/div&gt;
Improved hatchability and posthatch performance in turkey poults receiving a dextrin-iodinated casein solution in ovo (2010)

Two experiments were conducted with a commercial turkey company using a commercial egg injection system to investigate the effect of a dextrin-iodinated casein solution injected in ovo at 25 d of incubation on turkey poult hatchability, hatch weight, and growth (6 or 7 d posthatch). In experiment 1, a total of 3,900 turkey eggs (1,300 per group) were injected at 25 d of incubation with either 200 μL of a control (physiological saline) solution or a dextrin solution (18% maltodextrin and 10% potato starch dextrin) with 75 or 375 μg/mL of iodinated casein (DexIC75 or DexIC375, where Dex and IC refer to dextrin and iodinated casein, respectively). Two hundred poults from each group were neck-tagged, weighed (hatch weight), placed in a commercial turkey house within a single brooder ring, and weighed again (7 d posthatch). In experiment 2, a total of 5,200 eggs (2,600 per group) were injected with the control or DexIC75 solution. A total of 600 poults (300 per group) were neck-tagged and hatch weights were obtained, followed by placement in a single brooder ring in a commercial house and a second weighing (6 d posthatch). Eggs in experiments 1 and 2 were obtained from hen flocks that were 33 and 5 wk into the laying cycle, respectively. In experiment 1, the DexIC75 injection resulted in a 1.8% increase (P = 0.03) in hatch weight. In experiment 2, the DexIC75 treatment resulted in a 2.4% increase in hatchability (P = 0.01), a 4.3% increase in hatch weight (P < 0.001), and a 1.8% increase in 6-d poult weights (P < 0.03) compared with controls. Results of this study indicate that a solution containing dextrin and 75 μg/mL of iodinated casein injected into turkey eggs at 25 d of incubation may be used to improve early poult weights, hatchability, or both in commercial turkey production.
Thermal Non-Line-of-Sight Imaging (2019)

We propose a novel non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging framework with long-wave infrared (IR). At long-wave IR wavelengths, certain physical parameters are more favorable for high-fidelity reconstruction. In contrast to prior work in visible light NLOS, at long-wave IR wavelengths, the hidden heat source acts as a light source. This simplifies the problem to a single bounce problem. In addition, surface reflectance has a much stronger specular reflection in the long-wave IR spectrum than in the visible light spectrum. We reformulate a light transport model that leverages these favorable physical properties of long-wave IR. Specifically, we demonstrate 2D shape recovery and 3D localization of a hidden object. Furthermore, we demonstrate near real-time and robust NLOS pose estimation of a human figure, the first such demonstration, to our knowledge.
Control of Proliferation and Differentiation in Cells Transformed by Friend Virus (1980)

Permanent cell lines derived from mice infected with Friend erythroleukemia virus provide a model system in which the molecular mechanisms that control the choice between continued unlimited cellular proliferation and commitment to terminal erythroid differentiation can be analyzed. Although many biochemical events associated with the differentiation process have been identified, the molecular events controlling this decision have not been identified. An approach taken by our group has been to analyze the response of individual cells to a chemical stimulus to differentiate by cloning cells treated with an inducer of differentiation in the absence of that inducer. This approach has allowed us to make a number of specific conclusions about the response of MEL cells to inducer.