gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Parallel, Multi-Zone, Multi-Block Solver to Study Arterial Branches in Human Vascular System (2001)

Abstract The unsteady, three-dimensional, incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are solved numerically to study arterial branches in human vascular system. The solver is capable of dealing with moving boundaries and moving grids. It is designed to handle complex, three-dimensional vascular systems. The computational domain is divided into multiple block subdomains. At each cross section the plane is divided into twelve sub-zones to allow flexibility for handling complex geometries and, if needed, appropriate parallel data partitioning. A second-order in time and third-order upwind finite volume method for solving time-accurate incompressible flows based on pseudo-compressibility and dual time-stepping technique is used. For parallel execution, the flow domain is partitioned. Communication between the subdomains of the flow on Riken’s VPP/700E supercomputer is implemented using MPI message-passing library. The code is capable of running on both shared and/or distributed memory architectures.
Pituitary dysfunction after traumatic brain injury: screening and hormone replacement (2011)

This article highlights the risk of hypopituitarism in survivors of traumatic brain injury (TBI), an underdiagnosed clinical problem. Clinical evidence shows that anterior pituitary dysfunction is common in TBI survivors evaluated at least 6 months after the TBI, with an estimated prevalence of up to 27.5%. Although patients who suffer from moderate-to-severe TBI appear to be at higher risk, the emerging data suggest that mild-intensity trauma can also precede hypopituitarism. Since many of the symptoms of hypopituitarism are similar to those of TBI, it is important for clinicians to be aware of this clinical problem. Moreover, we will address questions such as when to screen and who should be screened, along with a discussion of current management of pituitary dysfunction in patients with TBI.
Is the Walch B3 glenoid significantly worse than the B2? (2017)

Background The Walch B3 glenoid is theorized to be a progression of the B2 biconcave pattern. The present study aimed to compare glenoid indices between B2 and B3 patterns. We hypothesized that the B3 pattern would have significantly worse retroversion, inclination and medialization. Methods Computed tomography scans of 50 patients with B2 erosions [mean (SD) age 68 (9) years; 25 male] and 50 patients with B3 erosions [mean (SD) age 72 (8) years; 22 males] were converted into three-dimensional reconstructions. Retroversion, inclination, medialization and humeral head subluxation were compared. Results The data demonstrated no statistically significant differences [mean (SD)] between groups when assessing retroversion: B2 = 21 (8)°, B3 = 24 (7)° ( p = 0.602); glenoid inclination: B2 = 9 (6)°, B3 = 8 (6)° ( p = 0.967); or medialization: B2 = 12 (4) mm, B3 = 14 (4) mm ( p = 0.384). In the B2 group, the mean (SD) humeral head subluxation was 80% (10%) according to the scapular plane and 55% (9%) according to the glenoid plane, which was not statistically different from the B3 group with a mean (SD) humeral head subluxation of 81% (7%) according to the scapular plane ( p = 0.680) and 54% (7%) according to the glenoid plane ( p = 0.292). Conclusions These results demonstrated no significant differences between the B2 and B3 erosion patterns, with respect to the glenoid indicies measured. The aetiology of the B3 glenoid cannot be completely explained by progression of wear in a B2 glenoid.
FORMATION OF CYTOXIC ANTIBODY AGAINST LEUKEMIAS INDUCED BY FRIEND VIRUS. (1963)

A specific antigenic component in mouse leukemias induced by Friend virus has been demonstrated by cytotoxic tests in vitro . Serum from mice of several inbred strains immunized with histoincompatible Friend leukemia tissue contained antibody that was cytotoxic in vitro for leukemia cells induced by Friend virus in the strains providing the immune serum. Unexpectedly, a high proportion of mice from strains that are highly susceptible to leukemogenesis by Friend virus did not develop leukemia after immunization as adults with incompatible viable Friend leukemia cells or with large amounts of infective filtrate. Cytotoxic sera could therefore be prepared in mice of both resistant and susceptible strains. By direct cytotoxic tests, and also by absorption studies, the Friend and Rauscher viruses appeared to induce the same antigenic change in the spleen cells of infected animals. A similar antigen has not been found in a variety of normal and leukemia tissues, including leukemias induced by the Passage A Gross virus.
SOA blanking and signal pre-emphasis for wavelength agile 100Gb/s transmitters (2012)

SOA blanking is a pre-requisite in order to eliminate the transmission of spurious modes generated while switching a semiconductor tunable laser transmitter in a DWDM network. However, leakage currents associated with the large current swing applied to the integrated SOA can cause mode hops. We demonstrate that pre-emphasis of the switching signals applied to a commercially available DS-DBR laser is required to avoid cross channel interference and subsequent bit errors in a coherent DWDM network.
Ceria Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles and Assembled Films for Coating Applications (2018)

Ceria polymer hybrid nanoparticles (CeO2/PVP) with large specific surface areas were synthesized by a polyol method. The surface structures and chemical compositions of the nanoparticles were sensitive to the sintering temperature. Changes in the d-spacing and band gap were attributed to lattice defects (e.g., Ce3+ and oxygen vacancies) of the as-synthesized CeO2/PVP nanoparticles. A dip-coating method was used to fabricate crack-free CeO2/PVP-based films with uniform morphologies comprising several layers of nanoparticles. The morphologies and thicknesses of the films were dependent on the dip-coating conditions. Crack propagation on the surfaces of the CeO2/PVP nanoparticle films was suppressed by controlling the withdrawal speed of the dip-coating process as well as the concentration and pH of the nanoparticle slurry. The research demonstrates a facile method for the application of nanoparticle dispersions in coatings as light-guiding reflectors.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Aggregation and Its Applicability to Synthesis. The Diels‐Alder Reaction. (1989)

Abstract The (4 + 2)cycloaddition reaction of the 1,3‐dienes (I) with the quinone (II) or the quinols (IV) or (VI) is investigated in various mediums.
Elastic Path2Path: Automated Morphological Classification of Neurons by Elastic Path Matching (2018)

In the study of neurons, morphology influences function. The complexity in the structure of neurons poses a challenge in the identification and analysis of similar and dissimilar neuronal cells. Existing methodologies carry out structural and geometrical simplifications, which substantially change the morphological statistics. Using digitally-reconstructed neurons, we extend the work of Path2Path as ElasticPath2Path, which seamlessly integrates the graph-theoretic and differential-geometric frameworks. By decomposing a neuron into a set of paths, we derive graph metrics, which are path concurrence and path hierarchy. Next, we model each path as an elastic string to compute the geodesic distance between the paths of a pair of neurons. Later, we formulate the problem of finding the distance between two neurons as a path assignment problem with a cost function combining the graph metrics and the geodesic deformation of paths. ElasticPath2Path is shown to have superior performance over the state of the art.
Pre-immature dendritic cells pulsed with human papillomavirus 16 E7 peptide vaccine in advanced cervical cancer (2005)

2522 Background: Cervical cancer remains the second leading cause of death from cancer in women. Despite the high cure rate in the early disease, patients have more than 50% chance of dying from advanced disease. Approximately 99% of cervical cancers are associated with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). The protein products of the early genes E6 and E7 in high-risk HPV types (eg, HPV types 16 & 18) have been implicated in the oncogenic capability of these viruses. The continued expression of these proteins in cervical cells appears to be a critical event in the progression and maintenance of cervical cancer, hence; an attractive vaccine therapy target. Methods: Fifteen patients with advanced cervical cancer (HPV16 E7 positive) were treated on this phase II/pilot trial with E7 peptide-pulsed PBMC’s. The vaccine was given intravenously and repeated at week 3, then every 4 weeks for a maximum of 15 vaccinations or until disease progression. Results: Cr release assay demonstrated evidence of E7 specific CTLs in 6/14 tested patients (42.8%). ELISPOT assay confirmed the above Results: The median survival was 12.9 months for all patients, 8.6 for those patients without response and 20.3 for patients with immunologic response. The median Progression Free Survival was 4.1 months for all patients, 3.5 for those patients without response and 6.5 for patients with immunologic response. No grade IV toxicities occurred. Grade III toxicity occurred only in two patients (anemia and thrombocytopenia) which most likely is due to the disease. Four patients received less than 4 vaccinations because of disease progression. One patient started the study NED and remained NED. Conclusions: Our vaccine demonstrated safety and specific immunity induction. Despite the advanced disease, clinical responses have been seen and warrant further investigation. We believe that this treatment may form a potentially promising approach in combination with other therapeutic modalities in advanced cervical cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
maspin suppresses the invasive phenotype of human breast carcinoma. (1998)

The recently discovered tumor suppressor gene maspin has been shown to inhibit tumor cell motility, invasion, and metastasis in breast cancer by our laboratories. Nonetheless, the exploitation of maspin as a potential diagnostic and/or therapeutic tool has remained limited due to the lack of knowledge concerning its molecular and biological mechanism(s) of action. The work reported here demonstrates that recombinant maspin (rMaspin) has the ability to induce higher cell surface levels of alpha5- and alpha3-containing integrins and reduced levels of alpha2-, alpha4-, alpha6-, alpha(v)-, and some beta1-containing integrins in the metastatic human breast carcinoma cell line MDA-MB-435 concomitant with its ability to inhibit the invasive process in vitro. Furthermore, treatment of MDA-MB-435 cells with rMaspin results in the selective adhesion of the cell to a fibronectin matrix and conversion from a fibroblastic to a more epithelial-like phenotype. In addition, the ability of rMaspin to inhibit the invasive process can be abrogated with a blocking antibody to the alpha5beta1 integrin, which diminishes the ability of the cells to invade through a fibronectin matrix-containing barrier in vitro. Taken together, these data address the hypothesis that rMaspin reduces the invasive phenotype of MDA-MB-435 cells by altering their integrin profile, particularly alpha5, which in turn converts these cells to a more benign epithelial phenotype, with less invasive ability. These data provide new insights into the biological significance of this tumor suppressor gene found in normal mammary epithelium and may form the basis of novel therapeutic strategies in the management of breast carcinoma.
Microcapteurs de pression (2001)

La pression a toujours été un des paramètres les plus mesurés dans de nombreux domaines. Ainsi les capteurs de pression se retrouvent comme étant le premier maillon d'un système de perception, de contrôle ou de mesure. Jusque dans les années 1970‐1980 les capteurs, de type électromécanique, étaient
Stereoisomeric effect on in vitro drug release from injectable poly(lactic acid co castor oil) polyesters (2008)

Abstract A systematic study on the influence of lactic acid (LA) conformation on polyester properties, degradation, and drug release profiles is reported. Copolyesters based on L ‐ or DL ‐LA and castor oil (CO) (triglyceride of ricinoleic acid (RA)) were synthesized by melt condensation. Two feed ratios of LA to CO were used. Copolymers with feed ratio of 60:40 and 50:50 LA to CO were synthesized. P(LA/CO)s 60:40 and 50:50 had weight average molecular weights (Mw) of 4700 and 3700, respectively. All polymers are viscous liquids at room temperature. Copolymer composition and LA conformation had direct effect on polymer properties, degradation rate, and drug release profile. Increase in CO content (hydrophobisity) decreased the degradation and release rates of the polymers. Effect of sample size was also different for all polymers. Choosing polymer composition and LA conformation it is possible to choose desired release profile for the tested drug. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Mixed muscle and hepatic derived plasma protein metabolism is differentially regulated in older and younger men following resistance exercise (2005)

We sought to determine whether exercise-induced muscle protein turnover alters the subsequent production of hepatically derived acute-phase plasma proteins, and whether age affects how these proteins are regulated. We measured arteriovenous (a-v) balance and the synthesis of mixed muscle protein, albumin (A) and fibrinogen (F) before exercise (REST) and from the beginning of exercise to 10, 60, and 180 min following a single bout of moderate-intensity leg extension exercise (POST-EX) in postabsorptive untrained older (n = 6) and younger (n = 6) men using L-[ring-2H5]phenylalanine (Phe). Subjects performed 6 sets of 8 repetitions of leg extension at 80% of their 1-RM (one-repetition maximum). All data are presented as the difference from REST (Delta from REST at 10, 60, and 180 min POST-EX). Mixed muscle fractional synthesis rate (FSR-M) increased significantly from the beginning of exercise until 10 min POST-EX in the older men (DeltaFSR-M: 0.044%/h), whereas FSR-M in the younger men was not elevated until 180 min POST-EX (DeltaFSR-M: 0.030%/h). FSR-A and FSR-F increased at all POST-EX periods in the older men (DeltaFSR-A = 10 min: 1.90%/day; 60 min: 2.72%/day; 180 min: 2.78%/day; DeltaFSR-F = 10 min: 1.00%/day; 60 min: 3.01%/day; 180 min: 3.73%/day). No change occurred in FSR-A in the younger men, but FSR-F was elevated from the beginning of exercise until 10 and 180 min POST-EX (10 min: 3.07%/day and 180 min: 3.96%/day). Net balance of Phe was positive in the older men in the immediate POST-EX period. Our data indicate that mixed muscle and hepatic derived protein synthesis is differentially regulated in younger and older men in response to a single bout of moderate-intensity leg extension exercise. Moreover, our data suggest that with age may come a greater need to salvage or make available amino acids from exercise-induced muscle protein breakdown to mount an acute-phase response.
Sensitivity to motion features in point light displays of biological motion (2009)

Psychophysical experiments are described that measure the sensitivity to motion features in point light displays of biological motion. Three motion features were investigated: the relative motion of the thighs, the relative motion of the thigh and leg, and the velocity profile of the leg. The perceptual threshold for discriminating a change in each motion feature was compared in upright and inverted point light displays. We find that subjects are more sensitive to two of the motion features in the upright display configuration (relative motion of thighs, relative motion of thigh and leg), but more sensitive to the third feature (velocity profile of the leg) in the inverted configuration. We propose that perceptual sensitivity to features used in biological motion perception should be greater in upright versus inverted displays. The results suggest that motion features differ in salience in biological motion perception.
DNA adducts formed by a novel antitumor agent 11β-dichloro in vitro and in vivo (2006)

The multifunctional molecule 11beta-dichloro consists of a ligand for the androgen receptor linked to a bifunctional alkylating group, permitting it to create DNA adducts that bind the androgen receptor. We propose that binding of the androgen receptor to 11beta-DNA adducts acts to both shield damaged sites from repair and disrupt the expression of genes essential for growth and survival. We investigated the formation 11beta-DNA adducts in tumor xenograft and nontumor tissues in mice. Using [14C]-11beta-dichloro, we show that the molecule remains intact in blood and is widely distributed in mouse tissues after i.p. injection. Covalent 11beta-guanine adducts identified in DNA that had been allowed to react with 11beta-dichloro in vitro were also found in DNA isolated from cells in culture treated with 11beta-dichloro as well as in DNA isolated from liver and tumor tissues of mice treated with the compound. We used accelerator mass spectrometry to determine the levels of [14C]-11beta-DNA adducts in LNCaP cells treated in culture as well as in liver tissue and LNCaP xenograft tumors in treated mice. The level of DNA adducts in tumor tissue was found to be similar to that found in LNCaP cells in culture treated with 2.5 micromol/L 11beta-dichloro. Our results indicate that 11beta-dichloro has sufficient stability to enter the circulation, penetrate tissues, and form DNA adducts that are capable of binding the androgen receptor in target tissues in vivo. These data suggest the involvement of our novel mechanisms in the antitumor effects of 11beta-dichloro.
Supplementary Data from SCH 2047069, a Novel Oral Kinesin Spindle Protein Inhibitor, Shows Single-Agent Antitumor Activity and Enhances the Efficacy of Chemotherapeutics (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Tables 1, 2, and 3 and Supplementary Figures 1 and 2&lt;/p&gt;
Effects of (Multi)branching of Dipolar Chromophores on Photophysical Properties and Two-Photon Absorption (2005)

To investigate the effect of branching on linear and nonlinear optical properties, a specific series of chromophores, epitome of (multi)branched dipoles, has been thoroughly explored by a combined theoretical and experimental approach. Excited-state structure calculations based on quantum-chemical techniques (time-dependent density functional theory) as well as a Frenkel exciton model nicely complement experimental photoluminescence and one- and two-photon absorption findings and contribute to their interpretation. This allowed us to get a deep insight into the nature of fundamental excited-state dynamics and the nonlinear optical (NLO) response involved. Both experiment and theory reveal that a multidimensional intramolecular charge transfer takes place from the donating moiety to the periphery of the branched molecules upon excitation, while fluorescence stems from an excited state localized on one of the dipolar branches. Branching is also observed to lead to cooperative enhancement of two-photon absorption (TPA) while maintaining high fluorescence quantum yield, thanks to localization of the emitting state. The comparison between results obtained in the Frenkel exciton scheme and ab initio results suggests the coherent coupling between branches as one of the possible mechanisms for the observed enhancement. New strategies for the rational design of NLO molecular assemblies are thus inferred on the basis of the acquired insights.
Variable stiffness actuators: The user’s point of view (2015)

Since their introduction in the early years of this century, variable stiffness actuators (VSA) witnessed a sustained growth of interest in the research community, as shown by the growing number of publications. While many consider VSA very interesting for applications, one of the factors hindering their further diffusion is the relatively new conceptual structure of this technology. When choosing a VSA for their application, educated practitioners, who are used to choosing robot actuators based on standardized procedures and uniformly presented data, would be confronted with an inhomogeneous and rather disorganized mass of information coming mostly from scientific publications. In this paper, the authors consider how the design procedures and data presentation of a generic VSA could be organized so as to minimize the engineer’s effort in choosing the actuator type and size that would best fit the application needs. The reader is led through the list of the most important parameters that will determine the ultimate performance of their VSA robot, and influence both the mechanical design and the controller shape. This set of parameters extends the description of a traditional electric actuator with quantities describing the capability of the VSA to change its output stiffness. As an instrument for the end-user, the VSA datasheet is intended to be a compact, self-contained description of an actuator that summarizes all of the salient characteristics that the user must be aware of when choosing a device for their application. At the end some examples of compiled VSA datasheets are reported, as well as a few examples of actuator selection procedures.
Field Guide to Digital Micro-Optics (2014)

Traditional macro-optics can be designed without complex design software tools. However, digital optics, especially wafer-scale micro-optics, require specific software and tools. There is often no analytical solution, and thus complex iterative optimization algorithms may be required. This book covers refractive and diffractive micro-optics, the iterative optimization process, and modeling and fabrication techniques crucial to this field. The ability to create hybrid systems capable of producing analog and digital functionality is also addressed
Long‐Term Shedding of Infectious Epstein‐Barr Virus after Infectious Mononucleosis (2005)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA loads in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), plasma, and saliva, as well as infectivity of the virus in saliva, were evaluated in 20 patients for 6 months after the onset of infectious mononucleosis (IM). All patients displayed sustained high EBV DNA loads in the saliva, associated with a persistent infectivity of saliva at day 180. EBV DNA load in PBMCs decreased significantly from day 0 to day 180 (in spite of a viral rebound between day 30 and day 90 in 90% of the patients), and EBV DNA rapidly disappeared from plasma. These data show that patients with IM remain highly infectious during convalescence.