gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Towards the production of an energy-tunable positronium beam using Ps−photodetachment technique (2011)

The production of an energy-tunable positronium beam by photodetachment of positronium negative ions, which was proposed many years ago, has become feasible by the recent development of efficient formation of the ions and successful photodetachment. Here we shall describe our current efforts directed towards the production of a positronium beam using this technique.
Veiling glare in high dynamic range imaging (2007)

The ability of a camera to record a high dynamic range image, whether by taking one snapshot or a sequence, is limited by the presence of veiling glare - the tendency of bright objects in the scene to reduce the contrast everywhere within the field of view. Veiling glare is a global illumination effect that arises from multiple scattering of light inside the camera's body and lens optics. By measuring separately the direct and indirect components of the intra-camera light transport, one can increase the maximum dynamic range a particular camera is capable of recording. In this paper, we quantify the presence of veiling glare and related optical artifacts for several types of digital cameras, and we describe two methods for removing them: deconvolution by a measured glare spread function, and a novel direct-indirect separation of the lens transport using a structured occlusion mask. In the second method, we selectively block the light that contributes to veiling glare, thereby attaining significantly higher signal-to-noise ratios than with deconvolution. Finally, we demonstrate our separation method for several combinations of cameras and realistic scenes.
Long-term Investigation of Composite Wrapping Systems For the Rehabilitation of Reinforced Concrete Structures (2007)

Almost nine years ago, a laboratory research program and field program were initiated to determine whether composite wrapping could be used as a means of rehabilitating corrosiondamaged structures. In the laboratory program, more than 60 cylindrical and rectangular specimens were designed to simulate bridge columns and beams. Some of the specimens were damaged, repaired and wrapped with composite materials, and then exposed to salt-containing environments. The composite systems used included a vinyl ester resin and two epoxy resins in combination with selected fabrics containing glass fibers. Variables included type of repair material, type of composite wrapping system, length of wrap, presence or absence of cracks, and presence or absence of pre-existing chlorides. Two years into the investigation, another set of 17 cylindrical specimens was cast and added to the investigation to examine the effect of spray-on or migrating corrosion inhibitors. Forensic analysis during the past seven years showed that in general, the composite wraps helped to minimize corrosion activity in the wrapped portions of the specimens, even if cracks and chlorides were initially present.
The reaction of imidazolidine-2-thione with carbon disulphide (1981)

The reaction of imidazolidine-2-thione (ethylenethiourea) with carbon disulphide in the presence of strong bases was investigated. The use of sodium hydride as base afforded 1,2-bis-[(2-thioxoimidazolidin-1-yl)thiocarboxamido]ethane (6) and 2,3,6,7-tetrahydrodi-imidazo[2,1-b:1,2-e][1,3,5]thiadiazine-5-thione (8). On the other hand, reaction using n-butyl-lithium, followed by methylation, gave a dimethylated compound, methyl 2-methylthio-4,5-dihydroimidazole-1-carbodithioate (11).
Residual-Guided Multiscale Fusion Network for Bit-Depth Enhancement (2021)

Bit-depth enhancement (BDE) is a challenging task due to stubborn false contour artifacts and disappeared detailed information. Given the mixture of structural distortions and real edges in low bit-depth (LBD) images, both large and small receptive fields (RFs) are critical for BDE tasks. However, even powerful state-of-the-art CNN-based methods can hardly capture sufficient LBD features under multiple RFs. This paper proposes a residual-guided multiscale fusion network (RMFNet) to explore multiscale features in a residual manner. We find that the shuffling operation provides desired multiscale inputs for effectively distinguishing false contours from real edges without any loss of information. Therefore, we shuffle LBD images to multiple scales and then fully extract residual features under different RFs with corresponding subnets. To facilitate interscale guidance from the global context to the local context, we progressively transfer the encoded residual features between adjacent subnets from top to bottom. We further propose a dual-branch depthwise group fusion (DDGF) module to fully capture inter- and inner correlations of multiscale features with fewer parameters. Finally, extensive experiments show that our algorithm achieves excellent performance improvement both quantitatively and qualitatively, verifying its effectiveness.
Receptivity to Internet-Delivered Interventions to Promote Skin Self-examination and Sun Protection Behaviors in Patients With Melanoma (2015)

This survey of adults with a diagnosis of melanoma assessed patient characteristics associated with a willingness to receive Internet-delivered interventions to promote skin self-examination and sun protection behaviors.
Stem cells, blood vessels, and angiogenesis as major determinants for musculoskeletal tissue repair (2018)

This manuscript summarizes 20 years of research from my laboratories at the University of Pittsburgh and more recently, at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston and the Steadman Philippon Research Institute in Vail, Colorado. The discovery of muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs) did not arise from a deliberate search to find a novel population of muscle cells with high regenerative potential, but instead was conceived in response to setbacks encountered while working in muscle cell transplantation for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). DMD is a devastating inherited X-linked muscle disease characterized by progressive muscle weakness due to lack of dystrophin expression in muscle fiber sarcolemma.<sup>1</sup> Although the transplantation of normal myoblasts into dystrophin-deficient muscle can restore dystrophin, this approach has been hindered by limited survival (less than 1%) of the injected cells.<sup>1</sup> The fact that 99% of the cells were not surviving implantation was seen as a major weakness with this technology by most. My research team decided to investigate which cells represent the 1% of the cells surviving post-implantation. We have subsequently confirmed that the few cells which exhibit high survival post-implantation also display stem cell characteristics, and were termed "muscle-derived stem cells" or MDSCs. Herein, I will describe the origin of these MDSCs, the mechanisms of MDSC action during tissue repair, and finally the development of therapeutic strategies to improve regeneration and repair of musculoskeletal tissues. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:1212-1220, 2019.
Thrombosed polytetrafluoroethylene hemodialysis fistulas: salvage with combined thrombectomy and angioplasty. (1989)

Combined thrombectomy and angioplasty was performed for 19 thrombosed polytetrafluoroethylene grafts. Patency for more than 1 week was achieved in 16 of the 19 grafts (84%). The average duration of graft function after angioplasty in all 19 grafts was 7.1 months (range, 0-32.3 months). Eleven of the 19 grafts (58%) were functioning 5 months after the procedure; seven are still functioning. Combined thrombectomy and angioplasty offers a viable alternative to thrombolytic therapy or complete surgical revision.
Influence of Generator Damping on Peak Power and Variance of Power for a Direct Drive Wave Energy Converter (2008)

The first offshore prototype of a wave energy converter system has been launched off the Swedish west coast. The concept is based on a point absorber directly coupled to a linear generator located on the ocean floor. The wave energy converter is part of a research project that will study the electric system of ten units forming a small farm of wave power plants as they are linked and connected to an electric grid. A full scale farm will consist of a large number of interconnected units. The chosen direct drive system reduces the mechanical complexity of the converter but has repercussions on the electric system. The output from the generator will vary with the speed of the point absorber, leading to large fluctuations of power on the second scale. This has implications on both the individual generator and on the system as a whole. The hydrodynamic behavior of the point absorber depends, to a large extent, on the damping of the generator. The damping, in turn, can be remotely controlled by changing the load resistance. It has previously been shown that this has a large influence on the power absorbed by the wave energy converter. This paper investigates the peak power, the translator speed, and the variance of the power at different sea states and for different levels of damping. The peak power has an impact on the design of the generator and the required ability, for a single unit, to handle electric overloads. The momentum of the translator is directly proportional to its speed. The speed is thus important for the design of the end stop. The variance of the power of one unit will have an impact on the farm system behavior. The study is based on two and a half months of experimental measurements on the prototype wave energy converter and a wave measurement buoy. The aim is to analyze whether load control strategies may influence the dimensioning criteria for the electric system and the generator. The results are compared to previously investigated relationships between the absorbed mean power and the load resistance as a function of sea state. In the study, it was found that the maximum power is approximately proportional to the average power, while the maximum translator speed and standard deviation decrease as the damping factor is increased.
Existence and Construction of Optimal Wavelet Basis for Signal Representation (1994)

We study the problem of choosing the optimal wavelet basis with compact support for signal representation and provide a general algorithm for computing the optimal wavelet basis. We first briefly review the multiresolution property of wavelet decomposition and the conditions for generating a basis of compactly supported discrete wavelets in terms of properties of quadrature mirror filter (QMF) banks. We then parametrize the mother wavelet and scaling function through a set of real coefficients. We further introduce the concept of decomposition entropy as an information measure to describe the distance between the given signal and its projection onto the subspace spanned by the wavelet basis in which the signal is to be reconstructed. The optimal basis for a given signal is obtained through minimizing this information measure. We have obtained explicitly the sensitivity of dilations and shifts of the mother wavelet with respect to the coefficient set. A systematic approach is developed in this paper to derive the information gradient with respect to the parameter set from a given square integrable signal and a discrete basis of wavelets. The existence of the optimal basis for the wavelets has been proven in this paper. a gradient based optimization algorithm is developed for computing the optimal wavelet basis.
Luminescence of Ce3+ in the Scandate Perovskites (2009)

The luminescence of Ce3+ in scandate perovskite hosts is investigated in this report. In general, the energy position of the Ce3+ excitation and emission bands are at lower energy versus comparable Al3+ perovskites, which is primarily attributed to a larger Ce3+ 5d1 centroid shift. The efficiency of Ce3+ luminescence is low at room temperature (&lt;10% of the low temperature value), and it is shown through both comparisons to other perovskites and direct measurements that Ce3+ luminescence quenching in the scandate perovskites is primarily due to photoionization.
Basics of Electrical Machines Design and Manufacturing Tolerances (2017)

The Newton-Raphson technique for the solution of nonlinear problems in finite element analysis (FEA) has been widely accepted due to its quadratic convergence characteristics. This chapter introduces an indirect approach with parameter coupling. It also introduces an efficient method, referred to as alternating flux linkage (AF) model, to speed up the transient process for reaching fast AC steady state, almost suitable for all AC machines. Transient electromagnetic field simulation allows analysis of dynamic behaviors with nonlinear materials, permanent magnets, and induced eddy currents under various excitations. The basic procedure of transient simulation includes the spatial and temporal discretization of the physical equations. The finite element method (FEM) is widely used in engineering practice because using the irregular grids it can represent complicated geometry. The chapter explores some advanced algorithms to create look-uptable based ROMs, and some efficient techniques to reduce computational time at specified density of the sampling points.
High-temperature lithium metal-vapor capillary discharge extreme-ultraviolet source at 135 nm (2000)

We describe a high-temperature lithium extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) source based on a capillary discharge configuration that was developed for operating with metal vapors. The source produces narrow-band emission at 13.5 nm in the EUV spectral region, with emission intensity proportional to the lithium-vapor density. At an operating temperature of 725 degrees C, our measurements showed that, on axis, the source generated approximately 0.2 (mJ/2pi sr)/pulse at 13.5 nm.
Final Report: Laboratory Development of a High Capacity Gas-Fired Paper Dryer (2005)

Paper drying is the most energy-intensive and temperature-critical aspect of papermaking. It is estimated that about 67% of the total energy required in papermaking is used to dry paper. The conventional drying method uses a series of steam-heated metal cylinders that are required to meet ASME codes for pressure vessels, which limits the steam pressure to about 160 psig. Consequently, the shell temperature and the drying capacity are also limited. Gas Technology Institute together with Boise Paper Solutions, Groupe Laperrier and Verreault (GL&V) USA Inc., Flynn Burner Corporation and with funding support from the U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. natural gas industry, and Gas Research Institute is developing a high efficiency gas-fired paper dryer based on a combination of a ribbon burner and advanced heat transfer enhancement technique. The Gas-Fired Paper Dryer (GFPD) is a high-efficiency alternative to conventional steam-heated drying drums that typically operate at surface temperatures in the 300 deg F range. The new approach was evaluated in laboratory and pilot-scale testing at the Western Michigan University Paper Pilot Plant. Drum surface temperatures of more than 400 deg F were reached with linerboard (basis weight 126 lb/3000 ft2) production and resulted in a 4-5 times increase in drying rate over a conventional steam-heated drying drum. Successful GFPD development and commercialization will provide large energy savings to the paper industry and increase paper production rates from dryer-limited (space- or steam-limited) paper machines by an estimated 10 to 20%, resulting in significant capital costs savings for both retrofits and new capacity.
Preface (2007)

Diseases caused by the human herpesviruses were recognized by the earliest practitioners of medicine. Hippocrates, Celsus, Herodotus, Galen, Avicenna and others described cutaneous lesions typical of infections caused by herpes simplex viruses (HSV) 1 and 2, and varicella-zoster virus (VZV). ‘Herpes,’ the family name of these viruses, is traced to the Greek term for lesions that appeared to creep or crawl over the skin. Among the duties of John Astruc, physician to King Louis XIV, was to understand the diseases of French prostitutes, in Latin, the ‘Puellae publicae’, which led to his description of herpes genitalis. Distinguishing between genital herpes and syphilis was an obvious concern in this social context as it is now. The modern scientific investigation of HSV can be dated to the work of Gruter, who first isolated the virus and demonstrated its serial transmission in rabbits. During the 19th century, experiments in human subjects showed that HSV and VZV could be transmitted from fluid recovered from HSV and VZV lesions. Demonstrating that Koch's posulates were fulfilled was important but arguably the truly revolutionary discovery about the herpesviruses was made by Andrews and Carmichael in the 1930s who showed that recurrent herpes labialis occurred only in adults who already had neutralizing antibodies against HSV.
Narrowband propagation statistics of aeronautical mobile-ground links in the L- and C-bands (2018)

Described UAS in the NAS project & its importance in collecting data useful for evaluation & design of high-reliability UAS C2 links Large amount of this data was AG flight test data, and this enabled us to gather statistics on fade depths relative to free-space path loss Propagation models developed Statistics developed for general use An important goal for NASA was to make this information available ITU-R Study Group 3 has created the repository for such information and reviews and approves statistics placed into its Databanks Table formats were proposed to and accepted by IT-R Study Group 3 The data was organized and presented to the ITU-R for inclusion in the Study Group 3 Databanks, accepted August 2017 Wideband statistics are similarly being organized and prepared for submittal to ITU-R Study Group 3.
Modeling human flows from robots perception : application to navigation in dynamic environment (2016)

International audience
Calculation accuracy and time of outdoor propagation estimation using vertical plane launch (2017)

In the design of radio placement on the large outdoor environments, the huge calculation time of radio propagation estimation is critical matter. In order to shorten the calculation time, we are developing a simulator using vertical plane launch (VPL) technique which is known as speedy ray searching method. In this paper, we evaluate the calculation accuracy and the calculation time of the VPL. First, we describe the calculation procedure of VPL. Next, we describe the measurement of propagation characteristics in an outdoor environment which size is 200 m × 200 m. We put base station on a roof top, and measure the propagation characteristics along some routes on the ground. We compare the measurements with the estimation result of developed, imaging, and ray-launching methods, and then show that the calculation error of the each method is around 5dB. However, the calculation time of developed method is 1/150 of imaging method and 1/7 of ray-launching method. Therefore capability of radio propagation estimation in extremely short time is realized.
Prolonged increase in tear meniscus height by 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solution in eyes with contact lenses (2015)

Yukiko Nagahara,1 Shizuka Koh,1 Kohji Nishida,1 Hitoshi Watanabe1,2 1Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of&nbsp;Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 2Kansai Rosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the increase in tear meniscus height (TMH) induced by 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solution in eyes with contact lens (CL).Methods: Ten healthy subjects wearing high-water-content CLs received topical instillation of two ophthalmic solutions &ndash; 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solution in one eye and artificial tears in the other eye. Lower TMH was measured at 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 60 minutes after instillation by anterior segment optical coherence tomography.Results: TMH increased significantly (P&lt;0.001) at 5 minutes and 15 minutes after instillation of saline compared with the baseline values. After instillation of 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solution, TMH significantly increased (P&lt;0.05) at 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 60 minutes compared with the baseline values. Increases in TMH after diquafosol instillation were significantly greater (P&lt;0.05) at 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 60 minutes than increases in TMH after saline instillation.Conclusion: Topical instillation of 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solution increases TMH for up to 60 minutes in eyes with high-water-content CLs. Keywords: diquafosol ophthalmic solution, tear meniscus height, dry eye, contact lenses, tear film
Drug design on quantum computers (2023)

Quantum computers promise to impact industrial applications, for which quantum chemical calculations are required, by virtue of their high accuracy. This perspective explores the challenges and opportunities of applying quantum computers to drug design, discusses where they could transform industrial research and elaborates on what is needed to reach this goal.
Kisspeptin-10 Inhibits Angiogenesis in Human Placental Vessels ex Vivo and Endothelial Cells in Vitro (2010)

Recent studies suggest that kisspeptin (a neuropeptide central to the regulation of gonadotrophin secretion) has diverse roles in human physiology, including a putative role in implantation and placental function. Kisspeptin and its receptor are present in human blood vessels, where they mediate vasoconstriction, and kisspeptin is known to inhibit tumor metastasis and trophoblast invasion, both processes involving angiogenesis. We hypothesized that kisspeptin contributes to the regulation of angiogenesis in the reproductive system. The presence of the kisspeptin receptor was confirmed in human placental blood vessels and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) using immunochemistry. The ability of kisspeptin-10 (KP-10) (a shorter biologically active processed peptide) to inhibit angiogenesis was tested in explanted human placental arteries and HUVEC using complementary ex vivo and in vitro assays. KP-10 inhibited new vessel sprouting from placental arteries embedded in Matrigel and tube-like structure formation by HUVEC, in a concentration-dependent manner. KP-10 had no effect on HUVEC viability or apoptosis but induced concentration-dependent inhibition of proliferation and migration. In conclusion, KP-10 has antiangiogenic effects and, given its high expression in the placenta, may contribute to the regulation of angiogenesis in this tissue.