gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PFC Knee Replacement (2007)

Despite the long-term success of press-fit condylar (PFC) knee prostheses, premature failures caused by aggressive rapid osteolysis have been reported. To investigate why patients experience such failures, we reviewed 48 retrieved implants and surrounding tissues together with demographic and radiographic data. Polyethylene degradation was determined from density profiles taken through the retrieved inserts. We compared the histology of tissues around PFC implants with that from around failed implants of similar designs from patients matched to length of implantation, body mass index, and age. The pathologic response in PFC patients showed more widespread, dense, sheet-like cellular infiltrate, whereas in the matched patients, the infiltrate was generally scattered discontinuously. The dominant wear mode of the PFC inserts was severe delamination on the articular surfaces. Wear damage was worse with increased length of implantation and was correlated with oxidative degradation and osteolysis. Degradation and osteolysis were more severe with inserts stored longer and sterilized by gamma radiation in air. These results underscore that degradation and increased shelf life lead to osteolysis and loosening. However, they raise questions concerning the cellular reaction to the debris from PFC implants that could lead to a better general understanding of osteolysis.
Portable Automatic Microring Resonator System Using a Subwavelength Grating Metamaterial Waveguide for High-Sensitivity Real-Time Optical-Biosensing Applications (2020)

The slow light sensor techniques have been applied to bio-related detection in the past decades. However, similar testing-systems are too large to carry to a remote area for diagnosis or point-of-care testing. This study demonstrated a fully automatic portable biosensing system based on the microring resonator. An optical-fiber array mounted on a controller based micro-positioning system, which can be interfaced with MATLAB to locate a tentative position for light source and waveguide coupling alignment. Chip adapter and microfluidic channel could be packaged as a product such that it is cheap to be manufactured and can be disposed of after every test conducted. Thus, the platform can be more easily operated via an ordinary user without expertise in photonics. It is designed based on conventional optical communication wavelength range. The C-band superluminescent-light-emitting-diode light source couples in/out the microring sensor to obtain quasi-TE mode by grating coupler techniques. For keeping a stable chemical binding reaction, the cost-effective microfluidic pump was developed to offer a specific flow rate of 20 μL/min by using a servo-motor, an Arduino board, and a motor driver. The subwavelength grating metamaterial ring resonator shows highly sensitive sensing performance via surface index changes due to biomarker adhered on the sensor. The real-time peak-shift monitoring shows 10 μg/mL streptavidin detection of limit based on the biotin-streptavidin binding reaction. Through the different specific receptors immobilized on the sensor surface, the system can be utilized on the open applications such as heavy metal detection, gas sensing, virus examination, and cancer marker diagnosis.
Room Temperature Lasing from Semiconducting Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (2022)

Miniaturized near-infrared semiconductor lasers that are able to generate coherent light with low energy consumption have widespread applications in fields such as optical interconnects, neuromorphic computing, and deep-tissue optogenetics. With optical transitions at near-infrared wavelengths, diameter-tunable electronic structures, and superlative optoelectronic properties, semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are promising candidates for nanolaser applications. However, despite significant efforts in this direction and recent progress toward enhancing spontaneous emission from SWCNTs through Purcell effects, SWCNT-based excitonic lasers have not yet been demonstrated. Leveraging an optimized cavity-emitter integration scheme enabled by a self-assembly process, here we couple SWCNT emission to the whispering gallery modes supported by polymer microspheres, resulting in room temperature excitonic lasing with an average lasing threshold of 4.5 kW/cm<sup>2</sup>. The high photostability of SWCNTs allows stable lasing for prolonged duration with minimal degradation. This experimental realization of excitonic lasing from SWCNTs, combined with their versatile electronic and optical properties that can be further controlled by chemical modification, offers far-reaching opportunities for tunable near-infrared nanolasers that are applicable for optical signal processing, in vivo biosensing, and optoelectronic devices.
Early Transition Metal Catalysis for Olefin–Polar Monomer Copolymerization (2020)

Abstract Introducing polar functional groups into widely used polyolefins can enhance polymer surface, rheological, mixing, and other properties, potentially upgrading polyolefins for advanced, value‐added applications. The metal catalyst‐mediated copolymerization of non‐polar olefins with polar comonomers represents the seemingly most straightforward, atom‐ and energy‐efficient approach for synthesizing polar functionalized polyolefins. However, electrophilic early transition metal (groups 3 and 4)‐catalyzed processes which have achieved remarkable success in conventional olefin polymerizations, encounter severe limitations here, largely associated with the Lewis basicity of the polar co‐monomers. In recent years, however, new catalytic systems have been developed and successful strategies have emerged. In this Minireview, we summarize the recent progress in early transition metal polymerization catalyst development, categorized by the catalytic metal complex and polar comonomer identity. Furthermore, we discuss advances in the mechanistic understanding of these polymerizations, focusing on critical challenges and strategies that mitigate them.
Method for simultaneous wing aerodynamic and structural load prediction (1990)

A calculation method is presented for the simultaneous solution of aerodynamic and structural loads on arbitrary high aspect ratio wings. The wing aerodynamics are modeled using lifting line theory with roll rate, yaw, and yaw rate effects included. The wing structure is modeled as a nonlinear beam with vertical and horizontal displacement and torsional degrees of freedom. Axial compression effects are also incorporated to permit modeling of wings with external bracing struts or wires. The aerodynamic and structural problems together constitute a coupled nonlinear system for the aerodynamic and structural unknowns, which is discretized anci solved using a global Newton method. The overall procedure permits computationally economical prediction of:
Isothiocyanato-calix[4]phyrin-(1,1,1,1): a useful intermediate for the synthesis of derivatised anion sensors (2007)

A calix[4]phyrin-(1,1,1,1) substituted with a 4-isothiocyanatophenyl group has been synthesised and used to attach the macrocycle to a solid support. The NCS group can also be used to further functionalise the calix[4]phyrin-(1,1,1,1) by reaction with amines and amino acids. Stability constants for anion binding by the calix[4]phyrin-(1,1,1,1) are reported and these show a clear ability to differentiate F− and HSO4− from Cl−, Br−, I− which can be detected by both NMR and UV–visible spectroscopy.
Nucleation and interface formation mechanisms in atomic layer deposition of gate oxides (2003)

We present an in situ infrared spectroscopic study of the interface formation during atomic layer deposition of alternative high-permittivity (high-κ) gate dielectrics. Layer-by-layer oxide growth may be achieved by alternating pulses of a molecular metal precursor (e.g., trimethylaluminum for aluminum oxide growth) and water vapor. Contrary to common belief, we find that the metal precursor, not the oxidizing agent, is the key factor to control Al2O3 nucleation on hydrogen-terminated silicon. Metal surface species catalyze subsurface Si oxidation. These findings have direct implications on growth conditions to optimize semiconductor-dielectric interfaces.
Serum myoglobin in acute cerebrovascular diseases. (1985)

Concentration of myoglobin in serum was measured from 114 patients with acute cerebrovascular diseases and compared with serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and aldolase activities. The results obtained were as follows : (1) Elevated activity of myoglobin was observed in various types of stroke as well as CPK and aldolase. (2) The myoglobin level was significantly higher in patients with thalamic hemorrhage than in those with cortical infarction, while no difference was observed in other types of stroke. (3) The level of myoglobin was correlated well with the CPK level, but not with aldolase. (4) Correlation between myoglobin and level of consciousness was not observed. (5) No difference in myoglobin concentration in patients was observed between the died within four weeks and the survived. These results indicated that measurement of serum myoglobin in acute cerebrovascular diseases would not be useful for determining the type, severity and prognosis of the diseases.
A transparent thin-film sensor for multi-focal image reconstruction and depth estimation (2014)

We present a fully transparent and flexible light-sensing film that, based on a single thin-film luminescent concentrator layer, supports simultaneous multi-focal image reconstruction and depth estimation without additional optics. Together with the sampling of two-dimensional light fields propagated inside the film layer under various focal conditions, it allows entire focal image stacks to be computed after only one recording that can be used for depth estimation. The transparency and flexibility of our sensor unlock the potential of lensless multilayer imaging and depth sensing with arbitrary sensor shapes--enabling novel human-computer interfaces.
Vitreomacular Traction Surgery from the DISCOVER Study: Intraoperative OCT Utility, Ellipsoid Zone Dynamics, and Outcomes (2021)

Retinal function and morphology improved significantly following PPV for VMT. Intraoperative OCT provided surgeon-perceived valuable information in select cases. Further research is needed to determine whether this information impacts overall surgical outcomes. <b>[<i>Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina</i>. 2021;52:544-550.]</b>.
Comparison of large- and very-large-scale motions in turbulent pipe and channel flows (2015)

Statistical measures of turbulence intensities in turbulent pipe and channel flows at a friction Reynolds number of Reτ ≈ 930 were explored by a population of large-scale motions (LSMs) and very-large-scale motions (VLSMs). Although the statistical measures characterizing these internal turbulent flows were similar in the near-wall region, the extents of the mean streamwise velocities and cross-stream components of the turbulence intensities differed in the core region. The population density of VLSMs/LSMs decreased/increased significantly in the core region of the pipe flow. The survival time of VLSMs of the pipe flow was shorter than that of the channel flow. The area fractions of the VLSMs displayed similar trends to the population density. The wall-normal and spanwise turbulence intensities in the pipe flow increased in the core regions due to the high-speed large-scale structures and associated motions above the structures. The large-scale structures increased the streamwise intensity and the Reynolds shear stress in the pipe and channel flows, whereas the effective streamwise intensities and the Reynolds shear stress were equivalent in both flows.
Degradation behavior of narrow-spectral-linewidth DFB lasers for super-wide-band FM conversion (1999)

The feasibility of using narrow-spectral-linewidth distributed-feedback lasers as subcarrier multiplexing video distribution sources in optical heterodyne FM converters is shown by investigating degradation modes of the lasers. There is no change in the dynamic properties, such as the FM response and the composite second-order and composite triple-beat figures, though spectral linewidth is increased by degradation. The main degradation appears as an increase in spectral linewidth due to 1/f noise caused by buried heterointerface degradation. The FM response, composite second-order, and composite triple-beat, however, hardly change in the degradation process.
Supplementary Data from Global Phosphoproteomics Reveal CDK Suppression as a Vulnerability to KRas Addiction in Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

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Enlarged perivascular spaces are not associated with vascular co-morbidities, clinical outcomes, and brain volumes in people with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (2020)

In secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) significance of enlarged perivascular spaces (ePVS) is unknown. <b>Objectives, Methods:</b> Analysis of associations between vascular co-morbidities, clinical outcomes, and volumetrics with categorical ePVS scores in midbrain, basal ganglia (BG), and centrum semiovale (CSO) in SPMS(n-46). <b>Results, Conclusion:</b> In BG, advancing age (Z = 2.68) and lower Expanded Disability Status Scale (Z = -2.04) were associated with increasing ePVS score. In CSO, advancing age (Z = 2.66) and male gender (Z = 2.45) were associated with increasing ePVS score. No associations between ePVS score and vascular co-morbidities or volumetrics existed; ePVS may not be an informative marker for SPMS.
Design Methodology of Regular Logic Bricks for Robust Integrated Circuits (2006)

Regularity in IC design has been recognized as an effective means to combat variability in nanoscale technologies. One way to enforce design regularity is to implement ICs using a small library of regular logic bricks. In this paper we propose a methodology for the design and synthesis of such logic bricks. Since logic bricks are comprised of a limited set of logic primitives for manufacturability reasons, we propose a primitive-based direct mapping approach for generating optimized bricks that, in contrast to classical synthesis approaches, can provide direct control of implementation structures at abstract functional level based on the detection of natural decompositions that exist in the function. We demonstrate considerable improvement in the performance of logic bricks that are generated by the proposed method as compared with those produced by a commercial synthesis tool.
Aromatic-aromatic interactions in molecular recognition: a family of artificial receptors for thymine that shows both face-to-face and edge-to-face orientations (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAromatic-aromatic interactions in molecular recognition: a family of artificial receptors for thymine that shows both face-to-face and edge-to-face orientationsAlexander V. Muehldorf, Donna. Van Engen, John C. Warner, and Andrew D. HamiltonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 19, 6561–6562Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00227a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00227a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views773Altmetric-Citations187LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
RNAi in Combination with a Ribozyme and TAR Decoy for Treatment of HIV Infection in Hematopoietic Cell Gene Therapy (2006)

Combinatorial therapies for the treatment of HIV infection have changed the course of the AIDS epidemic in developed nations where the antiviral drug combinations are readily available. Despite this progress, there are many problems associated with chemotherapy for AIDS including toxicities and emergence of viral mutants resistant to the drugs. Our goal has been the development of a hematopoietic gene therapy treatment for HIV infection. Like chemotherapy, gene therapy for treatment of HIV infection should be used combinatorially. We have thus combined three different inhibitory genes for treatment of HIV infection into a single lentiviral vector backbone. The inhibitory agents engage RNAi via a short hairpin RNA targeting HIV tat/rev mRNAs, a nucleolar localizing decoy that binds and sequesters the HIV Tat protein, and a ribozyme that cleaves and downregulates the CCR5 chemokine receptor used by HIV for cellular entry. This triple combination has proven to be highly effective for inhibiting HIV replication in primary hematopoietic cells, and is currently on track for human clinical application.
Bridging the Network Reservation Gap Using Overlays (2007)

We propose the concept of Overlay-linked IntServ (OLIntServ), a system architecture that combines network overlays with intra-domain QoS to provide assured communications over the Internet, while allowing ISPs to extend the reach of their currently under-utilized IntServ services. We describe our system prototype, and provide some preliminary experimental results on its efficacy.
The roles of toxin A and toxin B inClostridium difficileinfection (2013)

We recently published our findings indicating that anti-TcdB antibodies were effective as treatment for C. difficile infection, but that anti-TcdA actually worsened prognosis in the gnotobiotic piglet model. To further investigate the roles of the two toxins, we administered purified toxins separately or together, systemically, to piglets and found that both toxins, either alone or together, are able to elicit severe lesions systemically and are also able to cross into the gut lumen and cause large intestinal lesions typical of infection. We also found that anti-TcdA administered before systemic challenge with TcdA again did not protect from development of disease, but, in this case, did not appear to worsen prognosis. Further work is still needed, but these findings add to the growing knowledge regarding the roles of the C. difficile toxins.
Self-Passivation of 2D Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite by Polytypic Surface PbI2 Encapsulation (2019)

Two-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper (2D RP) halide perovskites, C<sub>2</sub>MA<sub><i>n</i>-1</sub>Pb<sub><i>n</i></sub>I<sub>3<i>n</i>+1</sub> (C = bulky ammonium cation; MA = methylammonium) with low <i>n</i>-members (<i>n</i> < 5), have been garnering sensational attention for photovoltaic and optoelectronic applications because of the long carrier diffusion lengths, long-term stability, and tunable bandgap. Yet, the surface modification of 2D RP under kinetic particle irradiation, such as light or electron irradiation, is ambiguous, even though it is imperative to elucidate long-stabilized conversion efficiency. Herein, we present molecular-scale observations of dynamic surface reconstruction of BA<sub>2</sub>MA<sub>2</sub>Pb<sub>3</sub>I<sub>10</sub> (<i>n</i> = 3) 2D RP induced by the electron beam. The surface dynamics reveal lateral growth of polytypic PbI<sub>2</sub> with 3R, 4H, and 2H structures at the edge and surface of the 2D perovskite, accompanied by simultaneous annihilation at the other edges. Local radiolysis occurs dominantly by the internal energy increase of electron momentum transfer, which triggers a sequential layer-by-layer degradation into PbI<sub>2</sub>. In situ observation of the polytypic PbI<sub>2</sub> growth at the whole surface and edges of 2D RP under electron irradiation elucidates how the outer PbI<sub>2</sub> self-passivation can protect inner 2D RP, causing longer operando stability.
Hybrid parallel code acceleration methods in full-core reactor physics calculations (2012)

When dealing with nuclear reactor calculation schemes, the need for three dimensional (3D) transport-based reference solutions is essential for both validation and optimization purposes. Considering a benchmark problem, this work investigates the potential of discrete ordinates (Sn) transport methods applied to 3D pressurized water reactor (PWR) full-core calculations. First, the benchmark problem is described. It involves a pin-by-pin description of a 3D PWR first core, and uses a 8-group cross-section library prepared with the DRAGON cell code. Then, a convergence analysis is performed using the PENTRAN parallel Sn Cartesian code. It discusses the spatial refinement and the associated angular quadrature required to properly describe the problem physics. It also shows that initializing the Sn solution with the EDF SPN solver COCAGNE reduces the number of iterations required to converge by nearly a factor of 6. Using a best estimate model, PENTRAN results are then compared to multigroup Monte Carlo results obtained with the MCNP5 code. Good consistency is observed between the two methods (Sn and Monte Carlo), with discrepancies that are less than 25 pcm for the k{sub eff}, and less than 2.1% and 1.6% for the flux at the pin-cell level and for the pin-power distribution, respectively. (authors)
1554: Effects of Tolterodine Extended Release and/or Tamsulosin on International Prostate Symptom Scores in Men with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Including Overactive Bladder (2007)

You have accessJournal of UrologyModerated Poster 47, Tuesday, May 22, 2007, 3:30 - 5:30 pm1 Apr 20071554: Effects of Tolterodine Extended Release and/or Tamsulosin on International Prostate Symptom Scores in Men with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Including Overactive Bladder Claus G. Roehrbom, Steven A. Kaplan, William D. Steers, Michael B. Chancellor, Martin Carlsson, Tamara Bavendam, and Zhonghong Guan Claus G. RoehrbomClaus G. Roehrbom More articles by this author , Steven A. KaplanSteven A. Kaplan More articles by this author , William D. SteersWilliam D. Steers More articles by this author , Michael B. ChancellorMichael B. Chancellor More articles by this author , Martin CarlssonMartin Carlsson More articles by this author , Tamara BavendamTamara Bavendam More articles by this author , and Zhonghong GuanZhonghong Guan More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)31742-7AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "1554: Effects of Tolterodine Extended Release and/or Tamsulosin on International Prostate Symptom Scores in Men with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Including Overactive Bladder." The Journal of Urology, 177(4S), p. 513 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 177Issue 4SApril 2007Page: 513 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Claus G. Roehrbom More articles by this author Steven A. Kaplan More articles by this author William D. Steers More articles by this author Michael B. Chancellor More articles by this author Martin Carlsson More articles by this author Tamara Bavendam More articles by this author Zhonghong Guan More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...