gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
NONINVASIVE ASSESSMENT OF RETINAL VASCULAR OXYGEN CONTENT AMONG NORMAL AND DIABETIC HUMAN SUBJECTS (2014)

Hyperspectral computed tomographic spectroscopy is a clinically feasible method for measurement and analysis of vascular oxygen content in retinal health and disease. This study uses the techniques relevant to oximetry; however, the breadth of spectral data available through this method may be applicable to study other anatomical and functional features of the retina in health and disease.
Supplementary Fig. S.7 from NK-Cell Recruitment Is Necessary for Eradication of Peritoneal Carcinomatosis with an IL12-Expressing Maraba Virus Cellular Vaccine (2023)

&lt;p&gt;MG1-IL12-ICV vaccine enhances natural killer cell recruitment and function via dendritic cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Genetically Engineered Immunomodulatory Streptococcus thermophilus Strains Producing Antioxidant Enzymes Exhibit Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory Activities (2013)

The aims of this study were to develop strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) having both immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties and to evaluate their anti-inflammatory effects both in vitro, in different cellular models, and in vivo, in a mouse model of colitis. Different Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus strains were cocultured with primary cultures of mononuclear cells. Analysis of the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines secreted by these cells after coincubation with candidate bacteria revealed that L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CRL 864 and S. thermophilus CRL 807 display the highest anti-inflammatory profiles in vitro. Moreover, these results were confirmed in vivo by the determination of the cytokine profiles in large intestine samples of mice fed with these strains. S. thermophilus CRL 807 was then transformed with two different plasmids harboring the genes encoding catalase (CAT) or superoxide dismutase (SOD) antioxidant enzymes, and the anti-inflammatory effects of recombinant streptococci were evaluated in a mouse model of colitis induced by trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS). Our results showed a decrease in weight loss, lower liver microbial translocation, lower macroscopic and microscopic damage scores, and modulation of the cytokine production in the large intestines of mice treated with either CAT- or SOD-producing streptococci compared to those in mice treated with the wild-type strain or control mice without any treatment. Furthermore, the greatest anti-inflammatory activity was observed in mice receiving a mixture of both CAT- and SOD-producing streptococci. The addition of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CRL 864 to this mixture did not improve their beneficial effects. These findings show that genetically engineering a candidate bacterium (e.g., S. thermophilus CRL 807) with intrinsic immunomodulatory properties by introducing a gene expressing an antioxidant enzyme enhances its anti-inflammatory activities.
Phase‐contrast MRI‐based elastography technique detects early hypertensive changes in ex vivo porcine aortic wall (2009)

The current study shows that MR elastography offers a method to study the physiologic changes in the arterial wall secondary to early hypertension.
Real-time determination of plasma etch-rate selectivity (1998)

Real-time etch-rate selectivity of thin transparent films is determined within seconds by an in situ two-colour laser interferometer. Two-point laser reflectrometry is used to determine the etch rates and etch selectivity of unpatterned polysilicon and films. The state of a magnetically confined inductively coupled plasma tool used in the experiments, including rf power to the antenna and the wafer stage, gas pressure and flow rates, is computer controlled and monitored. The dependence of the etch selectivity on tool state parameters is characterized in real time by varying the tool state and monitoring the etch rate of the films. The etch rate measurements have been combined with density characterization of the etch radicals in the discharge. The time-dependent density of atomic chlorine during the process is obtained by temporal optical-emission actinometry combined with in-line mass spectrometry from a pressure calibrated residual gas analyser. The etch selectivity of polysilicon to in a chlorine discharge, determined by a simultaneous etch of both films, differs from the etch-rate ratios of the films when they are etched separately. It is suggested that this difference is due to the presence of oxygen in the polysilicon etch process when the two films are etched simultaneously.
In Vitro Evaluation of Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors UC-781 and TMC120-R147681 as Human Immunodeficiency Virus Microbicides (2003)

The nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors UC-781 and TMC120-R147681 (Dapivirine) effectively prevented human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in cocultures of monocyte-derived dendritic cells and T cells, representing primary targets in sexual transmission. Both drugs had a favorable therapeutic index. A 24-h treatment with 1,000 nM UC-781 or 100 nM TMC120-R147681 prevented cell-free HIV infection, whereas 10-fold-higher concentrations blocked cell-associated HIV.
Supplementary File 1 from Next-Generation JAK2 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: Lessons from Structure-Based Drug Discovery Approaches (2023)

&lt;p&gt;JAK2-monomer-0ns.pdb. (Model of human JAK2 monomer used for molecular dynamics simulation).&lt;/p&gt;
Prediction and discrimination of taxonomic relationship within Orostachys species using FT-IR spectroscopy combined by multivariate analysis (2011)

To determine whether pattern recognition based on metabolite fingerprinting for whole cell extracts can be used to discriminate cultivars metabolically, leaves of nine commercial Orostachys plants were subjected to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). FT-IR spectral data from leaves were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) and Partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The dendrogram based on hierarchical clustering analysis of these PLS-DA data separated the nine Orostachys species into five major groups. The first group consisted of O. iwarenge 'Yimge', 'Jeju', 'Jeongsun' and O. margaritifolius 'Jinju' whereas in the second group, 'Sacheon' was clustered with 'Busan,' both of which belong to O. malacophylla species. However, 'Samchuk', belong to O. malacophylla was not clustered with the other O. malacophylla species. In addition, O. minuta and O. japonica were separated to the other Orostachys plants. Thus we suggested that the hierarchical dendrogram based on PLS-DA of FT-IR spectral data from leaves represented the most probable chemotaxonomical relationship between commercial Orostachys plants. Furthermore these metabolic discrimination systems could be applied for reestablishment of precise taxonomic classification of commercial Orostachys plants.
Waveform Optimization for Large-Scale Multi-Antenna Multi-Sine Wireless Power Transfer (2016)

Wireless power transfer (WPT) is expected to be a technology reshaping the landscape of low-power applications such as the Internet of Things, machine-to-machine communications and radio frequency identification networks. Although there has been some progress towards multi-antenna multi-sine WPT design, the large-scale design of WPT, reminiscent of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) in communications, remains an open problem. Considering the nonlinear rectifier model, a multiuser waveform optimization algorithm is derived based on successive convex approximation (SCA). A lower-complexity algorithm is derived based on asymptotic analysis and sequential approximation (SA). It is shown that the difference between the average output voltage achieved by the two algorithms can be negligible provided the number of antennas is large enough. The performance gain of the nonlinear model based design over the linear model based design can be large, in the presence of a large number of tones.
Further Topics (1995)

Bergstrom (1983, 1985, 1986) developed a method for obtaining Gaussian estimates of higher order continuous time models. While he does not use a state space approach, but a vector ARMA representation, his estimators are theoretically identical to those developed by Harvey and Stock (1985) and employed here. (As already noted in Section 11.1, vector ARMA models and state space models are different parametrizations of the same class of models). We can therefore directly use Bergstrom’s results on the asymptotic properties of his estimators.
Hemorrhagic fever viruses: Pathogenesis, therapeutics, and emerging and re-emerging potential (2022)

Hemorrhagic fever viruses (HFVs) pose a threat to global public health owing to the emergence and re-emergence of highly fatal diseases. Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) caused by these viruses are mostly characterized by an acute febrile syndrome with coagulation abnormalities and generalized hemorrhage that may lead to life-threatening organ dysfunction. Currently, the events underlying the viral pathogenicity associated with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome still underexplored. In this minireview, we address the current knowledge of the mechanisms underlying VHFs pathogenesis and discuss the available development of preventive and therapeutic options to treat these infections. Furthermore, we discuss the potential of HFVs to cause worldwide emergencies along with factors that favor their spread beyond their original niches.
A Monochromatic Black and White Supertwisted Nematic Liquid Crystal Display with a Single Cell and a Birefringent Film (1991)

To achieve a monochromatic black-and-white (B/W) STN-LCD with a single cell and a birefringent plastic film, the optimum conditions of optical properties in the birefringent film are analyzed theoretically and experimentally. By optimizing the film retardation to minimize the transmission of a STN-LCD at 550 nm, optical retardation in a STN cell is canceled and a B/W STN-LCD is obtained. By selecting the suitable conditions for compensating retardation of the STN cell, a B/W STN-LCD is achieved with the contrast ratio of 10:1.
Food–Energy–Water Analysis at Spatial Scales for Districts in the Yangtze River Basin (China) (2019)

Abstract Understanding the nexus between food, energy, and water (FEW) systems is emerging as a critical area of study since federal research agencies in North America and Europe began highlighting the needs related to data collection/management, systems optimization, and opportunities for new technologies. Little information regarding FEW systems exists across Asia, including within the Yangtze River basin, despite having 1/15th of the world's population living within the basin and generating as much as 40% of the Chinese gross domestic product. This research provides a case study of FEW systems with analysis in the Yangtze River basin, showing the spatial and temporal variations in water availability/use, food production, and energy production. At a district-level scale in China, we integrated key Chinese data sets from multiple industrial, commercial, and agricultural sectors together with key land use and hydrologic information to evaluate the FEW parameters normalized to the land area of each district rather than the commonly used approach where FEW consumptive parameters are normalized to population (i.e., per capita). The results illustrated the types of data sets currently available within China to conduct FEW system analyses and identified districts that are net producers or dependents regarding food, energy, or water. The northeastern portion of the Yangtze River basin have several districts that are net negative relative to the amount of water that falls within the district boundaries versus all water uses plus evaporation, with the most stressed districts lacking as much as 0.5–1 m annually of equivalent rainfall per unit land area. The geospatial analysis concludes that policies to manage the FEW system cannot be considered for a single district alone, nor the Yangtze River watershed in its entirety, but instead needs to consider the interdependencies among districts and consider encouraging growth (agriculture, industry, or population) within more water-abundant regions.
'SED-Diktatur und Gesellschaft': Burgertum, Burgerlichkeit und Entburgerlichung in Magdeburg und Halle (2003)

1University of Nottingham ‘SED‐Diktatur und Gesellschaft’: Bürgertum, Bürgerlichkeit und Entbürgerlichung in Magdeburg und Halle ThomasGrossbölting HalleMitteldeutscher Verlag 2001519€ 40
Constructive Soft Tissue Remodelling with a Biologic Extracellular Matrix Graft: Overview and Review of the Clinical Literature (2007)

The extracellular matrix directs all phases of healing following trauma or disease and is therefore nature's ideal scaffold material. When used strategically to induce the repair and restoration of soft tissues following surgery, exogenous extracellular matrix scaffolds interact with surrounding tissues and cells to form a permanent repair without leaving behind a permanent material that can result in chronic inflammation or infection. Biomaterials derived from natural extracellular matrix, such as Surgisis (Cook Medical Incorporated, Bloomington, IN, USA), provide the extracellular components necessary to direct the healing response, allow for the reconstruction of new, healthy tissue and restore mechanical and functional integrity to the damaged site. The 3-dimensional organization of these extracellular components distinguishes the Surgisis mesh from synthetic materials and is associated with better long-term repairs. The tissue response to this biologic mesh is discussed in the context of recent reports on successful clinical applications.
Remote Raman sensor system for testing of rocks and minerals (2007)

Recent and future explorations of Mars and lunar surfaces through rovers and landers have spawned great interest in developing an instrument that can perform in-situ analysis of minerals on planetary surfaces. Several research groups have anticipated that for such analysis, Raman spectroscopy is the best suited technique because it can unambiguously provide the composition and structure of a material. A remote pulsed Raman spectroscopy system for analyzing minerals was demonstrated at NASA Langley Research Center in collaboration with the University of Hawaii. This system utilizes a 532 nm pulsed laser as an excitation wavelength, and a telescope with a 4-inch aperture for collecting backscattered radiation. A spectrograph equipped with a super notch filter for attenuating Rayleigh scattering is used to analyze the scattered signal. To form the Raman spectrum, the spectrograph utilizes a holographic transmission grating that simultaneously disperses two spectral tracks on the detector for increased spectral range. The spectrum is recorded on an intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD) camera system, which provides high gain to allow detection of inherently weak Stokes lines. To evaluate the performance of the system, Raman standards such as calcite and naphthalene are analyzed. Several sets of rock and mineral samples obtained from Ward's Natural Science are tested using the Raman spectroscopy system. In addition, Raman spectra of combustible substances such acetone and isopropanol are also obtained.
Transverse sphericity of primary charged particles in minimum bias proton–proton collisions at $\mathbf{\sqrt{s}=0.9},~\mathbf{2.76}~\mbox{and}~\mathbf{7}~\mbox{TeV}$ (2012)

Measurements of the sphericity of primary charged particles in minimum bias proton-proton collisions at s = 0.9, 2.76 and 7 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC are presented. The observable is measured in the plane perpendicular to the beam direction using primary charged tracks with p T > 0.5 GeV/c in || < 0.8. The mean sphericity as a function of the charged particle multiplicity at mid-rapidity (N ch ) is reported for events with different p T scales ("soft" and "hard") defined by the transverse momentum of the leading particle. In addition, the mean charged particle transverse momentum versus multiplicity is presented for the different event classes, and the sphericity distributions in bins of multiplicity are presented. The data are compared with calculations of standard Monte Carlo event generators. The transverse sphericity is found to grow with multiplicity at all collision energies, with a steeper rise at low N ch , whereas the event generators show an opposite tendency. The combined study of the sphericity and the mean p T with multiplicity indicates that most of the tested event generators produce events with higher multiplicity by generating more back-to-back jets resulting in decreased sphericity (and isotropy). The PYTHIA6 generator with tune PERUGIA-2011 exhibits a noticeable improvement in describing the data, compared to the other tested generators.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure of a Key Intermediate in the Asymmetric Synthesis of (+)‐KDO. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Collective Die Bonding: An Enabling Toolkit for Heterogeneous Integration (2020)

The increasing demand for high performance devices with increased functionality onto a single device/package and with reduced form factor were the main factors driving the development of heterogeneous integration technology. Heterogeneous integration (HI) refers to the assembly and packaging of multiple separately manufactured components onto a single chip in order to increase functionality. Components with different functionality, substrate materials and process technologies are joined in a single package in a System in Package (SIP) approach. The functionality of the components could vary throughout the entire device supply chain starting from signal processors to memory, micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) and silicon photonics. The possibility to join multiple functionalities onto a die enables new packaging architectures and design concepts. One such concept is based on the not new concept of die-to-wafer bonding but allows for bonding multiple dies to a wafer in a single process. Such technological approach requires a reliable local multiple-dies bonding technology compliant also to state of the art optical alignment accuracy. Packaging is the final manufacturing process transforming devices into functional products for the end user. Packaging must provide electrical and photonic connections for signal input and output, power input, and voltage control. It also provides for thermal dissipation and the physical protection required for increased product reliability. In this work we report results using a method and process flow enabling local die bonding compatible with the highest alignment accuracy and cleaning requirements to support a very high yield. A customized temporary carrier with alignment features was utilized to place known good dies (KGD) on the carrier and enable die processing prior to the final bonding process. Such carriers with KGD’s (figure 1) were successfully processed using direct bonding, hybrid bonding, adhesive bonding and metal bonding using as bonding partner different substrate materials like silicon and III-V semiconductor. The process success was verified by the final transfer rate, scanning acoustic microscope imaging and TEM cross section analysis (figure 2). In addition other metrology methods have been identified to monitor the process stability. Figure 1
The Two-User Gaussian Fading Broadcast Channel (2011)

This paper presents outerbounds for the two-user Gaussian fading broadcast channel. These outerbounds are based on Costa's entropy power inequality (Costa-EPI) and are formulated mathematically as a feasibility problem. For classes of the two-user Gaussian fading broadcast channel where the outerbound is found to have a feasible solution, we find conditions under which a suitable inner and outer bound meet. For all such cases, this paper provides a partial characterization of the capacity region of the Gaussian two-user fading broadcast channel.
Resonance Raman Spectroscopy Characterization of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Separation by their Metallicity and Diameter (2005)

Several techniques were recently reported for the bulk separation of metallic (M) and semiconducting (S) single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), using optical absorption and resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS) as a proof of the separation. In the present work, we develop a method for the quantitative evaluation of the M to S separation ratio, and also for the SWNT diameter selectivity of the separation process, based on RRS. The relative changes in the integrated intensities of the radial-breathing mode (RBM) features, with respect to the starting material, yield the diameter probability distribution functions for M and S SWNTs in the separated fractions, accounting for the different resonance conditions of individual SWNTs, while the diameter distribution of the starting material is obtained following the fitting procedure developed by Kuzmany and coworkers. Features other than the RBM are generally less effective for characterization of the separation process for SWNTs.
A comparison of linear handset power amplifiers in different bipolar technologies (2004)

This work evaluates four linear power amplifiers for wireless handset applications that were fabricated (or simulated) in four different bipolar technologies. The four bipolar technologies are currently competing to become, or remain as, the preferred bipolar technology for the commercial development of power amplifier modules. The four technologies are GaAs HBT, Si BJT, SiGe HBT, and InP HBT. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the performance of power amplifiers in each of these competing technologies in terms of typical linear handset PA requirements (i.e., P/sub OUT/, ACPR, PAE, P/sub GAIN/, and ruggedness).
Hepatoprotective and Antifatigue effects of Lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum and Streptococcus thermophilus) in SD rats and ICR mice (2006)

Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum and Streptococcus thermophilus are potent probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that used in commercial fermented dairy products. These strain are play a important roles in human health include a lowering the levels of serum cholesterol, vitamin synthesis, improving lactose intolerance, maintaining the balance of intestinal microflora and anti-cancer activity. The main aim of this study was investigate that hepatoprotective activity-carbon tetra chloride and ethanol (25%) induced liver injury in SD rats-and antifatigue effects were evaluated. To investigate the hepatoprotective effect, rats treated with CCl4 and ethanols were analyzed with serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (s-GPT) and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (s-GOT) level. These lactic acid bacteria (LAB) could afford a significant protection in the alleviation of CCl4 and ethanol-induced hepatocellular injury. The antifatigue activity of LAB was studied in ICR mice, using forced swimming test, horizontal wire test and rotarod test. The LAB (orally inoculated mixture of LAB for 3weeks) showed a significant antifatigue effect in test group. These results suggested that LAB have hepatoprotective activity and antifatigue effect.