gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inter-cell interference mitigation allocation for half-duplex relays based cooperation (2009)

Inter-cell interference is one of the most limiting problems in high capacity mobile wireless networks. The goal of our work is to limit inter-cell interference in two-hop cooperative communication systems, by exploiting the half-duplex per chunk property of relays. Such relays cannot be interfered on a chunk while they are transmitting on it. Cooperative communications may improve the reliability of transmissions, but can also be prejudicial if relays are strongly interfered. Furthermore, additional inter-cell interference is introduced by cooperative communications. For these reasons we propose novel resource allocation modes for such relays; our modes try to protect relays from inter-cell interference and reduce energy needs. We compare our proposals to modes based on classical design. Simulation results show how our proposed allocation modes permit to outperform classical modes in terms of cooperation effectiveness, power consumption and perceived Quality of Service.
STARTS: A decision support architecture for dynamic security configuration management (2009)

Configuration of security controls is either static or event driven (such as an incident or in response to recommendations from a risk assessment exercise) in most organizations. These approaches do not adequately protect the organization because threats to information are ever changing and dynamic in nature. STARTS is a decision support architecture for dynamic security management. It is the first security architecture that proposes the use of statistical design of experiments technique for dynamic security configuration adjustment. This is accomplished through ongoing statistical analysis using control sensors. These sensors collaborate with each other on an ongoing basis via a Plackett-Burman matrix and generate recommendations on the adjustments that need to take place in the security configuration to respond to changing threats. In this paper, we describe the STARTS architecture as well as the results from its preliminary implementation.
Supplementary Data from Human Cancers Express TRAILshort, a Dominant Negative TRAIL Splice Variant, Which Impairs Immune Effector Cell Killing of Tumor Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary tables and figures&lt;/p&gt;
Defining the combinatorial space of PKC::CARD‐CC signal transduction nodes (2020)

Signal transduction typically displays a so-called bow-tie topology: Multiple receptors lead to multiple cellular responses but the signals all pass through a narrow waist of central signaling nodes. One such signaling node for several inflammatory and oncogenic signaling pathways is the CARD-CC/BCL10/MALT1 (CBM) complexes, which get activated by protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated phosphorylation of the caspase activation and recruitment domain (CARD)-coiled-coil domain (CC) component. In humans, there are four CARD-CC family proteins (CARD9, CARD10, CARD11, and CARD14) and 9 true PKC isozymes (α to ι). At this moment, less than a handful of PKC::CARD-CC relationships are known. In order to explore the biologically relevant combinatorial space out of all 36 potential permutations in this two-component signaling event, we made use of CARD10-deficient human embryonic kidney 293T cells for subsequent pairwise cotransfections of all CARD-CC family members and all activated PKCs. Upon analysis of NF-κB-dependent reporter gene expression, we could define specific PKC::CARD-CC relationships. Surprisingly, as many as 21 PKC::CARD-CC functional combinations were identified. CARD10 was responsive to most PKCs, while CARD14 was mainly activated by PKCδ. The CARD11 activation profile was most similar to that of CARD9. We also discovered the existence of mixed protein complexes between different CARD-CC proteins, which was shown to influence their PKC response profile. Finally, multiple PKCs were found to use a common phosphorylation site to activate CARD9, while additional phosphorylation sites contribute to CARD14 activation. Together, these data reveal the combinatorial space of PKC::CARD-CC signal transduction nodes, which will be valuable for future studies on the regulation of CBM signaling.
Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide (GIP) Is Selectively Decreased in the Roux-Limb of Dietary Obese Mice after RYGB Surgery (2015)

Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) is expressed by intestinal K cells to regulate glucose-induced insulin secretion. The impact of Roux-en Y bypass (RYGB) surgery on blood GIP is highly contraversial. This study was conducted to address the mechanism of controversy. GIP mRNA was examined in the intestine, and serum GIP was determined using Luminex and ELISA in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. The assays were conducted in RYGB mice in fasting and fed conditions. Food preference, weight loss and insulin sensitivity were monitored in RYGB mice. In DIO mice, GIP mRNA was increased by 80% in all sections of the small intestine over the lean control. The increase was observed in both fasting and fed conditions. After RYGB surgery, the food-induced GIP expression was selectively reduced in the Roux-limb, but not in the biliopancreatic and common limbs of intestine in fed condition. Lack of stimulation by glucose or cholesterol contributed to the reduction. Jejunal mucosa of Roux-limb exhibited hypertrophy, but villous surface was decreased by the undigested food. Serum GIP (total) was significantly higher in the fasting condition, but not in the fed condition due to attenuated GIP response to food intake in RYGB mice. The GIP alteration was associated with chow diet preference, sustained weight loss and insulin sensitization in RYGB mice. RYGB increased serum GIP in the fasting, but not in the fed conditions. The loss of food-induced GIP response in Roux-limb of intestine likely contributes to the attenuated serum GIP response to feeding.
Production of13N Via Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion (2003)

This paper describes a proof of principle experiment to produce 13N using an inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) fusion device. This radioisotope is often used in positron emission tomography scans to image the heart. The 10-minute half-life of 13N limits its use to those areas and clinics that possess an accelerator. A portable IEC device could be brought to remote locations, however, and produce short-lived PET isotopes on-site. Using the 14.7 MeV protons produced from the D-3He fuel cycle, the University of Wisconsin IEC device was used to produce approximately 4 - 8 Bq of 13N during two separate experiments.
of Associated Cont.rol Channels for IP Packet Transmission in Forward Link for VSF-OFCDM Broadband Packet Wireless Access (2004)

results hardware fading simulators show that the average block error rate (IlLER) oCthe forward link CCH (FCCH) should bl' idl'ntical to thl' required PLR of the shared FPDCH for real-timl' traffic data and be less than approximatl'ly 102 for non-real-time traffic data to avoid decreasing the throughput, and that ofthe reverse link CCH CRCCH) shonld be less than approximately 1(1-2 to avoid an in­ crl'ase in the code channel utilization rate. Furthennorl', Wl' vali­ date the laboratory l'xperimental results basl'd on fil'ld npui­ ments in a real propagation channel, which are conducted in a cellnlar environment with the cell distance of approximately 1 km at the average speed of 30 km/h.
Purification and Characterization of a Novel Thermo-Alkali-Stable Catalase from Thermus brockianus (2003)

A novel thermo-alkali-stable catalase from Thermus brockianus was purified and characterized. The protein was purified from a T. brockianus cell extract in a three-step procedure that resulted in 65-fold purification to a specific activity of 5300 U/mg. The enzyme consisted of four identical subunits of 42.5 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE and a total molecular mass measured by gel filtration of 178 kDa. The catalase was active over a temperature range from 30 to 94 degrees C and a pH range from 6 to 10, with optimum activity occurring at 90 degrees C and pH 8. At pH 8, the enzyme was extremely stable at elevated temperatures with half-lives of 330 h at 80 degrees C and 3 h at 90 degrees C. The enzyme also demonstrated excellent stability at 70 degrees C and alkaline pH with measured half-lives of 510 h and 360 h at pHs of 9 and 10, respectively. The enzyme had an unusual pyridine hemochrome spectrum and appears to utilize eight molecules of heme c per tetramer rather than protoheme IX present in the majority of catalases studied to date. The absorption spectrum suggested that the heme iron of the catalase was in a 6-coordinate low spin state rather than the typical 5-coordinate high spin state. A K(m) of 35.5 mM and a V(max) of 20.3 mM/min.mg protein for hydrogen peroxide was measured, and the enzyme was not inhibited by hydrogen peroxide at concentrations up to 450 mM. The enzyme was strongly inhibited by cyanide and the traditional catalase inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole. The enzyme also showed no peroxidase activity to peroxidase substrates o-dianisidine and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), a trait of typical monofunctional catalases. However, unlike traditional monofunctional catalases, the T. brockianus catalase was easily reduced by dithionite, a characteristic of catalase-peroxidases. The above properties indicate that this catalase has potential for applications in industrial bleaching processes to remove residual hydrogen peroxide from process streams.
Micro-injection molded, poly(vinyl alcohol)-calcium salt templates for precise customization of 3D hydrogel internal architecture (2019)

In tissue engineering applications, sacrificial molding of hydrogel monoliths is a versatile technique for creating 3D molds to control tissue morphology. Previous sacrificial templates fabricated by serial processes such as solvent casting and thermal extrusion/fiber drawing can be used to effectively mold internal geometries within rapidly polymerizing, bulk curing hydrogels. However, they display poorer performance in controlling the geometry of diffusion limited, ionically cross-linked hydrogels, such as alginate. Here, we describe the use of poly(vinyl alcohol)-calcium salt templates (PVOH-Ca) fabricated by micro-injection molding, a parallel mass-production process, to conveniently cast internal geometries within both bulk curing hydrogels and ionically cross-linked alginate hydrogels. Calcium salt solubility was discovered to be a critical factor in optimizing the polymer composite's manufacturability, mechanical properties, and the quantity of calcium released upon template dissolution. Metrological and computed tomography (CT) analysis showed that the template's calcium release enables precise casting of microscale channel geometries within alginate hydrogels (6.4 ± 7.2% average error). Assembly of modular PVOH-Ca templates to mold 3D channel networks within alginate hydrogels is presented to demonstrate engineering scalability. Moreover, the platform is used to create hydrogel molds for engineering human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived neuroepithelial organoids of a microscale, biomimetic cylindrical morphology. Thus, injection molded PVOH-Ca templates facilitate customization of hydrogel sacrificial molding, which can be used to generate 3D hydrogels with complex internal microscale architecture for diverse tissue engineering applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Sacrificial molding of hydrogel monoliths is a versatile technique for creating 3D molds for tissue engineering applications. Previous sacrificial materials fabricated by serial processes have been used to effectively mold internal geometries within rapidly polymerizing, bulk curing hydrogels. However, they display poor performance in molding geometry within diffusion limited, ionically cross-linked hydrogels, e.g. alginate. We describe the use of poly(vinyl alcohol)-calcium salt templates (PVOH-Ca) fabricated by micro-injection molding, an unparalleled mass-production process, to conveniently cast internal geometries within both bulk curing hydrogels and ionically cross-linked alginate hydrogels. Calcium release from the PVOH-Ca templates enables precise sacrificial molding of alginate hydrogels and the process is biocompatible. Moreover, we demonstrate its use to engineer the morphology of hPSC-derived neuroepithelial organoids, and modular PVOH-Ca template designs can be assembled to enable scalable 3D customization of hydrogel internal architecture.
Affinity Purification of Fusion Chaperonin Cpn60-(His)6 from Thermophilic Bacterium Bacillus Strain MS and Its Use in Facilitating Protein Refolding and Preventing Heat Denaturation (2000)

The cpn60 gene from Bacillus strain MS, which is highly homologous to Bacillus stearothermophilus, was cloned. Cpn60 with a hexahistidine affinity tag (His)(6) fused to its C-terminus (cpn60-(His)(6)) was overproduced in Escherichia coli. Cpn60-(His)(6) was expressed in a soluble form in E. coli. and purified to homogeneity in a single step by nickel chelate affinity chromatography. Cpn60-(His)(6) formed a tetradecamer and had ATPase activity. Cpn60-(His)(6) mediated refolding of guanidine hydrochloride unfolded pig heart malic dehydrogenase (MDH) and Thermus flavus MDH at 25 and 70 degrees C, respectively, in an ATP-dependent manner. In addition, cpn60-(His)(6) prevented heat denaturation of pig heart MDH and T. flavus MDH at 30 and 80 degrees C, respectively, in an ATP-dependent manner. Therefore, cpn60-(His)(6) facilitates protein refolding and prevents heat denaturation of proteins across a wide temperature range.
Cover Picture: Microstructural Design of Advanced Architectures in Titanium/Platinum Thin Films by Laser Interference Metallurgy (Adv. Eng. Mater. 5/2008) (2008)

Abstract Designed Microstructures in Platinum thin films, displayed by Electron Back Scatter Diffraction (EBSD). More details can be found in the article of R. Catrin et al. on page 466.
Using signal processing techniques to improve finite element modeling (1999)

The use of signal processing parameter identification techniques to systematically improve finite element (FE) models of extended structures will be presented. FE models have been used with success for many years to simulate the response of structures, and work has recently been undertaken at LLNL to use FE models to model extended structures such as the Oakland/San Francisco Bay Bridge. At present, there is no way to systematically improve the FE models using measured displacements of the structures. Standard signal processing parameter identification techniques adapted for large order models have proven useful in both refining FE models given measured displacement and acceleration data as well as indicating points of failure for structures after damaging events such as simulated earthquakes. These abilities could prove useful in improving current FE models as well as speeding repair time for damaged structures. The presentation will identify the strengths and weaknesses of specific parameter identification algorithms and include illustrative examples of improvements to FE models.
Model predictive control of magnetically actuated mass spring dampers for automotive applications (2007)

Mechatronic systems such as those arising in automotive applications are characterized by significant non-linearities, tight performance specifications as well as by state and input constraints which need to be enforced during system operation. This paper takes a view that model predictive control (MPC) and hybrid models can be an attractive and systematic methodology to handle these challenging control problems, even when the underlying process is not hybrid. In addition, the piecewise affine (PWA) explicit form of MPC solutions avoids on-line optimization and can make this approach computationally viable even in situations with rather constrained computational resources. To illustrate the MPC design procedure and the underlying issues, we focus on a specific non-linear process example of a mass spring damper system actuated by an electromagnet. Such a system is one of the most common elements of mechatronic systems in automotive systems, with fuel injectors representing a concrete example. We first consider a linear MPC design for the mechanical part of the system. The approach accounts for all the constraints in the system but one, which is subsequently enforced via a state-dependent saturation element. Second, a hybrid MPC approach for the mechanical subsystem is analysed that can handle all the constraints by design and achieves better performance, at the price of a higher complexity of the controller. Finally, a hybrid MPC design that also takes into account the electrical dynamics of the system is considered.
K+ channels of Cf‐9 transgenic tobacco guard cells as targets for Cladosporium fulvum Avr9 elicitor‐dependent signal transduction (1999)

The Cf-9 gene encodes an extracytosolic leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein that is membrane anchored near its C-terminus. The protein confers resistance in tomato to races of the fungus Cladosporium fulvum expressing the corresponding avirulence gene Avr9. In Nicotiana tabacum the Cf-9 transgene confers sensitivity to the Avr9 elicitor, and leads on elicitation to a subset of defence responses qualitatively similar to those normally seen in the tomato host. One of the earliest responses, both in the native and transgenic hosts, results in K+ salt loss from the infected tissues. However, the mechanism(s) underlying this solute flux and its control is poorly understood. We have explored the actions of Avr9 on Cf-9 transgenic Nicotiana using guard cells as a model. Much detail of guard cell ion channels and their regulation is already known. Measurements were carried out on intact guard cells in epidermal peels, and the currents carried by inward- (IK,in) and outward-rectifying (IK,out) K+ channels were characterized under voltage clamp. Exposures to Avr9-containing extracts resulted in a 2.5- to 3-fold stimulation of IK,out and almost complete suppression of IK,in within 3-5 min. The K+ channel responses were irreversible. They were specific for the Avr9 elicitor, were not observed in guard cells of Nicotiana lacking the Cf-9 transgene and, from kinetic analyses, could be ascribed to changes in channel gating. Both K+ channel responses were found to be saturable functions of Avr9 concentration and were completely blocked in the presence of 0.5 microM staurosporine and 100 microM H7, both broad-range protein kinase antagonists. These results demonstrate the ability of the Cf-9 transgene to couple Avr9 elicitation specifically to a concerted action on two discrete K+ channels and they indicate a role for protein phosphorylation in Avr9/Cf-9 signal transduction leading to transport control.
Prostate Cancer Diagnosed After Repeat Biopsies Have a Favorable Pathological Outcome but Similar Recurrence Rate (2006)

Although we found that a greater number of biopsies was related to a better pathological outcome after RRP, the number of biopsies did not predict disease recurrence. The increasing number of biopsies currently being performed, especially in patients with larger prostates, likely results in higher rates of IC.
Rapid imaging of misfit dislocations in SiGe/Si in cross-section and through oxide layers using electron channeling contrast (2017)

Electron channeling contrast imaging (ECCI) is emerging as a technique for rapid and high-resolution characterization of individual crystalline defects in a scanning electron microscope. However, the application of ECCI to semiconductor materials has been limited to bare samples in plan-view geometry. In this paper, two modalities of this technique are demonstrated with relevance to semiconductor manufacturing and failure analysis: (1) The use of ECCI to reveal misfit dislocation defects along a cleaved cross-section of a SiGe compositionally graded buffer grown on Si and (2) plan-view imaging of misfit dislocations in metamorphic SiGe/Si layers covered by amorphous oxide layers, where the partial loss of contrast due to the oxide layers is quantified and the effect of the beam accelerating voltage is studied. These results demonstrate the power of ECCI in inspecting crystallographic defects non-destructively over large areas, which is highly desirable for substrate quality control in manufacturing of products based on crystalline materials.
Status of research and development of pediatric vaccines for Streptococcus pneumoniae (2016)

Pneumococcal disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in young children, particularly in the developing world. Vaccines are a critical strategy for protecting children from pneumococcal disease and licensed pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are having a significant impact on invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumococcal pneumonia throughout the world. Currently available PCVs do not, however, cover all pneumococcal serotypes and are complicated and relatively expensive to manufacture. While new PCV development is focused on either higher valency or more inherent affordability for developing countries, new vaccines are needed that offer serotype-independent protection. Vaccines containing proteins that are common to all pneumococcal serotypes could provide broad protection to children worldwide. Protein subunit and whole cell vaccines have advanced into Phase 1 and 2 clinical trials but face considerable challenges before they can become licensed and widely distributed.
Thermochemical Humidity Detection in Harsh or Non-Steady Environments (2017)

We present a new method of chemical quantification utilizing thermal analysis for the detection of relative humidity. By measuring the temperature change of a hydrophilically-modified temperature sensing element vs. a hydrophobically-modified reference element, the total heat from chemical interactions in the sensing element can be measured and used to calculate a change in relative humidity. We have probed the concept by assuming constant temperature streams, and having constant reference humidity (~0% in this case). The concept has been probed with the two methods presented here: (1) a thermistor-based method and (2) a thermographic method. For the first method, a hydrophilically-modified thermistor was used, and a detection range of 0-75% relative humidity was demonstrated. For the second method, a hydrophilically-modified disposable surface (sensing element) and thermal camera were used, and thermal signatures for different relative humidity were demonstrated. These new methods offer opportunities in either chemically harsh environments or in rapidly changing environments. For sensing humidity in a chemically harsh environment, a hydrophilically-modified thermistor can provide a sensing method, eliminating the exposure of metallic contacts, which can be easily corroded by the environment. On the other hand, the thermographic method can be applied with a disposable non-contact sensing element, which is a low-cost upkeep option in environments where damage or fouling is inevitable. In addition, for environments that are rapidly changing, the thermographic method could potentially provide a very rapid humidity measurement as the chemical interactions are rapid and their changes are easily quantified.