gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Conjugated Microporous Polymers (2009)

Abstract Conjugated microporous polymers are of great interest because they have potential to combine high surface areas in the dry state with physical properties relevant to organic electronics. A series of recent reports has shown that materials such as poly(aryleneethynylene)s (PAEs), poly(phenyl‐ene butadiynylene)s, poly(phenylene vinylene), poly( p ‐phenylene)s, polysilanes, polyanilines, and polytriazines can be produced as microporous networks with apparent Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface areas of more than 1000 m 2 g −1 in some cases. Micropore size and surface area can be synthetically fine tuned in amorphous PAE polymers and copolymers, something which was previously thought to be the preserve of ordered crystalline materials such as metal organic frameworks. We review in this Research News article recent progress made by our group and others with particular emphasis on the possible future applications of these materials.
Radio resource optimization for MBMS File transmissions (2009)

The 3GPP Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service (MBMS) for mobile networks enables the efficient distribution of files to a large audience using point-to-multipoint transmission. MBMS provides the so called file delivery service for this purpose. Residual errors are not tolerable in the received data of the file. Application Layer Forward Error Correction (AL-FEC) and transmit power need to be configured to yield low residual errors after the initial file transmission. In order to recover also the residual packet errors a repair phase is executed in which terminals can request additional AL-FEC encoded packets. The paper assumes repair packets are transmitted using HSDPA and evaluates the overall system efficiency, balancing ALFEC, transmit power, packet size and the amount of missing data that has to be retransmitted in the repair phase.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of α‐Hydroxy‐β‐ketoesters from Methyl Phenylglyoxalate and Acid Chlorides Mediated by Titanium Trichloride. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Impact of oxidation induced atomic disorder in narrow Si nanowires on transistor performance (2011)

Theoretical investigations are presented for the effects of atomic disorder, which is always present in Si/SiO 2 interface, on the device performance for the first time. We show that the drain current is significantly reduced by a factor of 2 due to random configuration of Si atoms near the Si/SiO 2 interfaces in a nanowire with 2.7 nm width. NFET is more easily affected by the disorder because of localized states near the conduction-band bottom. Suppression of the atomic disorder is a key to obtain good performance of nanowire FETs.
Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Renal Surgery Using Blunt 12-mm Trocar Without Fascial Closure (2002)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUROLOGICAL SURVEY: ABSTRACTS1 Aug 2002Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Renal Surgery Using Blunt 12-mm Trocar Without Fascial Closure Ralph V. ClaymanM.D. Ralph V. ClaymanRalph V. Clayman More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)64795-7AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Renal Surgery Using Blunt 12-mm Trocar Without Fascial Closure." The Journal of Urology, 168(2), p. 873 © 2002 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 168Issue 2August 2002Page: 873 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2002 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Ralph V. Clayman More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Lignin-first biorefining of Nordic poplar to produce cellulose fibers could displace cotton production on agricultural lands (2022)

Lignin-first biorefining of Nordic poplar to produce cellulose fibers could displace cotton production on agricultural lands By crossing Populus trichocarpa 3 P. trichocarpa from a distant population, hybrid poplar trees were obtained that can grow rapidly on marginal lands in northern climates. These hybrids can be transformed by reductive catalytic fractionation to yield a delignified textile fiber that can be a substitute for cotton as well as a ligninderived biofuel in the gasoline-aviation-diesel range. The sustainability of this value chain was evaluated by LCA and showed substantial benefits in terms of water use compared with cotton production.
A Performance Investigation of the Modified PCF with Priority Scheme (2005)

A modified version of the point coordination function (PCF) in the IEEE 802.11 standard called Modified PCF has been introduced as an approach to improve channel utilization over the standard. It has been shown in our previous work that the utilization of the wireless channel can be significantly improved. In this paper, we investigate the performance of the Modified PCF when it is applied with a priority scheme to support prioritization for different traffic types such as interactive voice and video and realtime data. The investigation is done via simulation method. To illustrate the efficiency of the priority scheme, we compare its simulation results with some standardized protocols: the distributed coordination function (DCF), the enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA), and the standard PCF, and our previously proposed protocol: the Modified PCF without priority scheme. The simulation results show that Modified PCF with priority scheme can provide better quality of service (QoS) support to different traffic types and also support a higher number of stations which carry data traffic than the previous proposals.
Prolonged Systemic Administration of Cyclosporin A Affects Gingival Epithelium (1990)

Gingival biopsies were obtained from 12 patients suffering from Behcet's disease who were treated with Cyclosporin A (CsA) for up to 20 months. Preparations were made for examination with both light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Along with known changes in the gingival epithelial structure observed following CsA treatment, we also found unusual clusters of needle-like crystallites embedded in the epithelium, mostly at the base of the acanthotic projections. Toluidin blue staining revealed increased numbers of both intact and degranulated mast cells in the attached epithelium. It is concluded that CsA affects the gingival epithelium and that the clinically observed enlargement of gingival tissue following prolonged treatment with CsA is due primarily to CsA-epithelial interaction.
Thermally Stable Nanocrystalline γ‐Alumina Layers with Highly Ordered 3D Mesoporosity (2005)

Reproduzierbar und einfach ist die hier beschriebene Synthese von mesoporösen dünnen Aluminiumoxidfilmen mit einem Polymertemplat. Die Filme haben eine Porosität von über 50 %, eine enge Porengrößenverteilung, eine hohe Zugänglichkeit und sind bis über 900°C thermisch stabil. Das anorganische Netzwerk besteht aus gesinterten nanokristallinen γ-Al2O3-Partikeln, und die Poren sind ellipsoidal mit einer flächenzentrierten kubischen Mesostruktur (siehe Bild).
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration training: evaluation of a new porcine lymphadenopathy model for in vivo hands-on teaching and training, and review of the literature (2013)

Results from the literature and the current study showed that animal training improves trainee performance, confidence, and procedural comfort when returning to patient examinations. The new model produces a realistic response that is similar to EUS-FNA in patients; this experience provides a benefit to endoscopists in terms of improved performance in patients and could be considered for use in accreditation. Due to the small numbers of trainees, larger experiences are needed to confirm training efficacy.
Raman microspectroscopy for visualization of peripheral nerves (2013)

The peripheral nervous system plays an important role in motility, sensory, and autonomic functions of the human body. Preservation of peripheral nerves in surgery is essential for improving quality of life of patients. To preserve peripheral nerves, detection of ne peripheral nerves that cannot be identi ed by human eye or under white light imaging is necessary. In this study, we sought to provide a proof-of-principle demonstration of a label-free detection technique of peripheral nerve tissues against adjacent tissues that employs spontaneous Raman microspectroscopy. A line-illumination confocal Raman microscope was used for the experiment. A laser operating at the wavelength of 532 nm was used as an excitation laser light. We obtained Raman spectra of peripheral nerve, brous connective tissue, skeletal muscle, blood vessel, and adipose tissue of Wistar rats, and extracted speci c spectral features of peripheral nerves and adjacent tissues. By applying multivariate image analysis, peripheral nerves were clearly detected against adjacent tissues without any preprocessing neither xation nor staining. These results suggest the potential of the Raman spectroscopic observation for noninvasive and label-free nerve detection, and we expect this method could be a key technique for nerve-sparing surgery.
A Comprehensive Study on the Pillar Size of OTS-PCM Memory with an Optimized Process and Scaling Trends Down to Sub-10 nm for SCM Applications (2023)

We present a scaling study on phase change memory (PCM)-ovonic threshold switches (OTS) memory cells for storage class memory (SCM) applications. For the first time, the device size effect on the electrical characteristics of OTS-PCM cells is experimentally characterized with simulation support. It is found that the SET threshold voltage (VtS) of OTS-PCM cells increases as the device area scales down because of processinduced defects, as observed from experimental measurements and demonstrated with simulations. An optimized process is proposed and experimentally verified to minimize the VtS shift issue based on wafer level characterization. More importantly, combining the measurements and simulation, the device scaling trends down to sub-10 nanometers are provided for future high density cross-point PCM (XPCM) chips.
Study of the Surface Reactions in ALD Hafnium Aluminates (2009)

Hafnium aluminates have been investigated as high-κ dielectrics for implementation in sub-45 nm nonvolatile memory technologies. The growth behavior and quality of these dielectrics strongly depend on the applied deposition technique. We examine the surface reactions that occur during the atomic layer deposition (ALD) of hafnium aluminates from , , and . When grown in the ALD sequence , chemisorption is enhanced while that of is inhibited compared to the reaction during ALD of the respective binary oxides. Density functional theory simulations suggest that this observation is related to the more efficient hydrolysis of the Al–C bond compared to Hf–Cl. However, earlier works on ALD of suggest that the low growth per cycle of this process is not caused by a limited hydrolysis of the Hf–Cl bond but by dehydroxylation of the generated Hf–OH surface sites into less reactive Hf–O–Hf surface sites. Hence, we propose that the enhanced and inhibited chemisorption during ALD of hafnium aluminates results from a difference in dehydroxylation behavior between both binary oxides.
Visual Comparison of Orderings and Rankings. (2013)

In many data analysis problems, sequentially ordered (or ranked) data occurs that needs to be understood and compared. Ranking information is essential in applications such as multimedia search where retrieval rankings need to be inspected; alignments of gene sequences in bio-molecular applications; or for a more abstract example, considering the permutations of rows and columns for purpose of matrix visualization. In each of these examples, often many different orderings of a given data set are possible. E.g., a search engine may produce, based on different user parameterizations, different rankings. A relevant problem then is to understand the commonalities and differences of a potentially large set of rankings. E.g., finding global or partial orderings in which different ranking or sorting algorithms agree can support the certainty in the respective ranking by the user. We consider the problem of comparing sets of rankings with these questions in mind. We present an approach for a visual comparison of sets of rankings that effectively allows to spot commonalities and differences among rankings. The approach relies on a small-multiple view of glyphs each of which visually contrasts a pair of rankings. The glyph in turn is defined on a radial node-link representation which allows effective perception of agreements and differences in pairs of rankings. We apply our approach on different use cases and demonstrate its effectiveness in spotting patterns of similarity and differences in sets of rankings. 1.
Frequency Offset Estimation Scheme in the Presence of Time-Varying DC Offset and IQ Imbalance for OFDM Direct Conversion Receivers (2007)

In WLAN systems, direct conversion architecture has been implemented. Though this architecture reduces the cost and power consumption, it may suffer from DC offset, frequency offset, and IQ imbalance. This paper presents a frequency offset estimation scheme for OFDM direct conversion receivers. In this paper, a frequency offset estimation scheme in the presence of time-varying DC offset and IQ imbalance is proposed. The novelty of this scheme is in its usage of a differential filter to reduce DC offset. Evaluation of the presented estimation scheme was carried out on an OFDM communication system designed to the specifications of the IEEE 802.11a/g standard for WLANs. Numerical results through computer simulation show that the proposed frequency offset estimation scheme works well even with large DC offset and IQ imbalance.
Rapamycin selectively reduces the association of transcripts containing complex 5′ UTRs with ribosomes in C4‐2B prostate cancer cells (2009)

mTOR pathway inhibitors, specifically rapamycin and its derivatives, are promising therapeutics that targets downstream pathways including protein translation. We examined the effects of a series of inhibitors targeting various pathways on ribosomal polysome distribution, overall translation rates, and translation of specific mRNAs in the bone derived prostate cancer cell line, C4-2B. Treatment with either rapamycin, PD98059 or LY294002 failed to change the distribution of polysomes in sucrose gradients. Although no change in the accumulation of heavy polysomes was observed, there was an overall decrease in the rate of translation caused by treatment with rapamycin or LY294002. Inhibiting the MAPK pathway with PD98059 decreased overall translation by 20%, but had no effect on mRNAs containing a 5' terminal oligopyrimidine tract (TOP) sequences or those with complex 5' UTRs. In contrast, treatment with rapamycin for 24 h reduced overall translation by approximately 45% and affected the translation of mRNAs with complex 5' UTRs, specifically VEGF and HIF1alpha. After 24 h, LY294002 treatment alone decreased overall translation by 60%, more than was observed with rapamycin. Although LY294002 and similar inhibitors are effective at blocking prostate cancer cell growth, they act upstream of AKT and PTEN and cancer cells can find a way to bypass this inhibition. Thus, we propose that inhibiting downstream targets such as mTOR or targets of mTOR will provide rational approaches to developing new combination therapies focused on reducing growth of prostate cancer after arrival in the bone environment.
Cd3B7O13(OH) a new synthetic hydroxy boracite (2000)

A new member of the boracite-family of compounds M 3 B 7 O 13 X was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. This cadmium hydroxy boracite, Cd 3 B 7 O 13 (OH), crystallizes in the trigonal crystal system (space group R3c, No. 161; a = 8.8109(1) Å, c = 21.4572(4) Å) and is isotypic to the iron-rich boracite congolite, (Fe,Mg) 3 B 7 O 13 Cl. The crystal structure has been refined by Rietveld analysis of X-ray powder diffraction data. The boracite structure consists of a three-dimensional framework of vertex-linked BO 4 -tetrahedra and BO 3 -triangles, the large interstices of which contain the five-coordinated cation M and the anion X.
Oxygen Releasing from Cellular Hemoglobin (1998)

The oxygen-releasing behavior of hemoglobin vesicles (HbV) was measured in order to study the difference in oxygen dynamics inside and outside the cellular Hb using a conventional stopped flow method and a newly developed stopped flow flash photolysis method. The partial pressure of oxygen in the solution outside the HbV was monitored with the lifetime of the triplet state of meso-tetraphenylporphinatozinc(II) bound to human serum albumin excited by the laser flash. The change in the partial pressure of oxygen outside the HbV showed a biphasic profile and was slower than that inside the HbV. The first phase shows the oxygen-releasing process from Hb near the phospholipid bilayer membrane, and the second phase is considered the process in which oxygen diffuses to the bulk aqueous region and reaches the equilibrium value.
Poly(β-amino ester) and Cationic Phospholipid-Based Lipopolyplexes for Gene Delivery and Transfection in Human Aortic Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cells (2008)

Safe and effective nonviral gene delivery and transfection in primary human vascular endothelial cells (EC) and smooth muscle cells (SMC) has tremendous potential for cardiovascular diseases such as in the treatment of coronary restenosis. Using a combination of a cationic biodegradable polymer, poly(beta-amino ester) (PBAE), and a cationic phospholipid, 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium propane (DOTAP), we have engineered a lipopolyplex nanovector system that can transfect EC and SMC cells with reasonably high efficiency. For instance, upon addition of 1.0 microg DNA complexed in lipopolyplexes the transfection efficiency in SMC was 20% and in EC was 33%. The results of this study shows that PBAE-DOTAP-plasmid DNA lipopolyplexes are a promising nonviral vector system for gene delivery and transfection in EC and SMC.
A Novel Heap-based Pilot Assignment for Full Duplex Cell-Free Massive MIMO with Zero-Forcing (2020)

This paper investigates the combined benefits of full-duplex (FD) and cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF-mMIMO), where a large number of distributed access points (APs) having FD capability simultaneously serve numerous uplink and downlink user equipments (UEs) on the same time-frequency resources. To enable the incorporation of FD technology in CF-mMIMO systems, we propose a novel heap-based pilot assignment algorithm, which not only can mitigate the effects of pilot contamination but also reduce the involved computational complexity. Then, we formulate a robust design problem for spectral efficiency (SE) maximization in which the power control and AP-UE association are jointly optimized, resulting in a difficult mixed-integer nonconvex programming. To solve this problem, we derive a more tractable problem before developing a very simple iterative algorithm based on inner approximation method with polynomial computational complexity. Numerical results show that our proposed methods with realistic parameters significantly outperform the existing approaches in terms of the quality of channel estimate and SE.
Locus for quantitative HDL-cholesterol on chromosome 10q in Finnish families with dyslipidemia (2004)

Decreased HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL) are the two most common familial dyslipidemias predisposing to premature coronary heart disease (CHD). These dyslipidemias share many phenotypic features, suggesting a partially overlapping molecular pathogenesis. This was supported by our previous pooled data analysis of the genome scans for low HDL-C and FCHL, which identified three shared chromosomal regions for a qualitative HDL-C trait on 8q23.1, 16q23.3, and 20q13.32. This study further investigates these regions as well as two other loci we identified earlier for premature CHD on 2q31 and Xq24 and a locus for high serum triglycerides (TGs) on 10q11. We analyzed 67 microsatellite markers in an extended study sample of 1,109 individuals from 92 low HDL-C or FCHL families using both qualitative and quantitative lipid phenotypes. These analyses provided evidence for linkage (a logarithm of odds score of 3.2) on 10q11 using a quantitative HDL-C trait. Importantly, this region, previously linked to TGs, body mass index, and obesity, provided evidence for association for quantitative TGs (P = 0.0006) and for a combined trait of HDL-C and TGs (P = 0.008) with marker D10S546. Suggestive evidence for linkage also emerged for HDL-C on 2q31 and for TGs on 20q13.32. Finnish families ascertained for dyslipidemias thus suggest that 10q11, 2q31, and 20q13.32 harbor loci for HDL-C and TGs.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Biocatalytic Reduction of Aryl Azides: Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Pyrrolo(2,1‐c)(1,4)benzodiazepine Antibiotics. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Electrochromic devices based on soluble and processable dioxythiophene polymersElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: details of the synthesis of PProDOT(CH2OC18H37)2 and PProDOT(CH2OEtHx)2 and their polymerization. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/jm/b3/b306365h/ (2003)

Reflective and absorptive/transmissive polymer electrochromic devices (ECDs) composed of spray-coated films of poly(3,3-bis(octadecyloxymethyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-thieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxepine) (PProDOT(CH2OC18H37)2) and poly(3,3-bis(2-ethylhexyloxymethyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-thieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxepine) (PProDOT(CH2OEtHx)2) layers as cathodically coloring polymers and poly(3,6-bis(2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxin-5-yl)-9-methyl-9H-carbazole) (PBEDOT-NMeCz) as the anodically coloring polymer have been constructed and evaluated. These devices exhibit low switching voltages (±1.2 V), high visible contrast values, sub-second switching times, and high switching stability in atmospheric conditions. The reflective ECD comprising PProDOT(CH2OEtHx)2 as the active layer demonstrates an unusual electrochromic behavior. By regulating the applied voltage, a high reflectance contrast of greater than 70% ΔT was achieved in the NIR region (2 µm) without any noticeable color change of the device.
Modeling S-parameters of Interconnects using Periodic Gaussian Process Kernels (2023)

In this paper, we present a novel technique to model wide-band scattering parameter (S-parameter) curves of high-speed digital interconnects. The proposed technique utilizes a new kernel function with periodic components for Gaussian process (GP) models. After proper training, the GP models are able to predict the S-parameter values at arbitrary frequency points inside the trained interval. The performance of the proposed technique is reviewed by means of correlation with standard Gaussian Processes with squared exponential kernel and Matern kernel. Results for the proposed technique show an increased prediction accuracy when applied to interconnects.
Recent developments in QCW bar and stacks fabricated with QWI enhanced bars (2009)

In this paper we have shown the application of QWI to the fabrication of QCW laser bars. Extended reliability has been shown as well as the recent development of higher power bars and stacks.