gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of thymalin on adaptive immunity in complex therapy for patients with COVID-19 (2021)

Results of comparative assessment of level of antibodies of IgG to SARS-CoV-2 in dynamics at standard and complex methods of treatment with use of medicinal peptide medicine of a timus of a timalin for patients with COVID-19 are presented in article. It was found that as a result of standard treatment, patients showed a decrease in antibody levels by 53% after 104 days. The addition of thymalin to standard therapy slowed down the decline of this indicator. So, a similar indicator in patients who took thymalin was only 21%. This contributed to maintaining strained adaptive immunity. The detected immunomodulatory properties of the preparation of thymalin with respect to COVID-19 can be reflected both in the formation of an effective immune layer of the population through natural immunization, and in the process of antibody formation during vaccination of target contingents.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Based Layered Superconductor La[O1‐xFx]FeAs (x = 0.05—0.12) with Tc = 26 K. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Recombinant Matrix Protein for Maintenance of Undifferentiated Primate Embryonic Stem Cells (2007)

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have been thought to be a promising cell source for cell transplantation therapy because they are self-renewing cells and can differentiate to all cell types derived from 3 embryonic germ layers. hESCs free from the risk of unknown transmitted pathogens are preferable for clinical use. In this study, we examined the combination of serum-free conditioned medium of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and surfaces coated with recombinant attachment factors, ProNectin F Plus, for the embryonic stem cell (ESC) culture system using cynomolgus monkey ES (cESCs). After 22 passages, cESCs still expressed the pluripotent stem cell markers stage-specific embryonic antigen-4 and Oct3/4 and maintained the ability to form teratoma-containing tissues of all 3 embryonic germ layers in severe combined immunodeficiency mice. Various characteristics of cESCs have been reported to be similar to those of hESCs. Thus, the results obtained by using cESCs may be applied to studies of hESCs. We hypothesized that a combination of conditioned medium of hMSCs and a ProNectin F Plus-coated dish would afford a culture system for undifferentiated hESCs.
Interstrand Side Chain−Side Chain Interactions in a Designed β-Hairpin:  Significance of Both Lateral and Diagonal Pairings (2001)

The contributions of interstrand side chain-side chain contacts to beta-sheet stability have been examined with an autonomously folding beta-hairpin model system. RYVEV(D)PGOKILQ-NH2 ((D)P = D-proline, O = ornithine) has previously been shown to adopt a beta-hairpin conformation in aqueous solution, with a two-residue loop at D-Pro-Gly. In the present study, side chains that display interstrand NOEs (Tyr-2, Lys-9, and Leu-11) are mutated to alanine or serine, and the conformational impact of the mutations is assessed. In the beta-hairpin conformation Tyr-2 and Leu-11 are directly across from one another (non-hydrogen bonded pair). This "lateral" juxtaposition of two hydrophobic side chains appears to contribute to beta-hairpin conformational stability, which is consistent with results from other beta-sheet model studies and with statistical analyses of interstrand residue contacts in protein crystal structures. Interaction between the side chains of Tyr-2 and Lys-9 also stabilizes the beta-hairpin conformation. Tyr-2/Lys-9 is a "diagonal" interstrand juxtaposition because these residues are not directly across from one another in terms of the hydrogen bonding registry between the strands. This diagonal interaction arises from the right-handed twist that is commonly observed among beta-sheets. Evidence of diagonal side chain-side chain contacts has been observed in other autonomously folding beta-sheet model systems, but we are not aware of other efforts to determine whether a diagonal interaction contributes to beta-sheet stability.
City Planning Supported by Large-scale Traffic Simulator (2013)

We evaluate the effectiveness of real planning and control about the traffic in Hiroshima city by simulating the traffic flows in the entire city. Our massively parallel simulation of minute behavior of individual drivers is made credible by the use of novel techniques for learning the parameters of simulation models from available data.
Proposition of a benchmark for evaluation of cores mapping onto NoC architectures (2008)

Abstract—Complex application specific SoC are often based on the NoC approach [1]. NoC are under investigation since several years and many architectures have been proposed[2]. Generic NoC are often proposed with their synthesis tool in order to rapidly tailor a solution for a specific application implementation [4][5]. The optimised mapping of cores on a NoC [3] and the optimised NoC configuration in terms of topology, FIFO and link sizes for instance is a new research area which is now investigated deeply. Validation and evaluation of solutions is often conducted through simulations for deterministic applications. Comparisons between proposed optimisation approach is difficult as they use their own evaluative application. Benchmarking is a classical solution to normalize comparisons. We are proposing in this paper a set of application tasks behaviours in order to evaluate NoC topologies as well as NoC core mapping techniques. We illustrate this benchmark proposition on a specific NoC simulation. Index—SoC, IP, 4G, NoC, benchmark. I.
Laser flash photolysis studies of the contact complex between molecular oxygen and 1-methylnaphthalene (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLaser flash photolysis studies of the contact complex between molecular oxygen and 1-methylnaphthaleneStephan L. Logunov and Michael A. J. RodgersCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 21, 5643–5648Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100123a030https://doi.org/10.1021/j100123a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views118Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Unravelling the Influence of Oxygen on the Degradation Mechanisms of Fe-N-C Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalysts (2022)

Pyrolyzed iron-nitrogen-carbon materials (Fe-N-C) comprising mostly atomic Fe-N x moieties are the most mature class of noble metal free catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acidic media. Such catalysts show excellent performance in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), approaching that of platinum-based catalysts. [1] However, an important performance loss is observed during operation, in conditions mimicking those of a PEMFC. [2] To shed fundamental light onto the degradation mechanisms at stake, two different Fe-N-C materials were prepared, one using a metal organic framework (MOF) and the other a sacrificial support method (SSM), and are labelled Fe-N-C_MOF and Fe-N-C_SSM, respectively. These materials were characterized before and after two different accelerated stress tests (ASTs: 10 k cycles, 0.6-1.0 V vs. RHE, 3s-3s, 0.1 M H 2 SO 4 , 80°C) under Ar or O 2 atmosphere. Stronger degradation and higher ORR mass activity loss were observed when the AST is performed in O 2 vs . Ar-saturated acidic electrolyte. For AST under Ar condition, physicochemical characterisations revealed a demetallation process and the eventual occurrence of a clustering mechanism whereas for AST performed in O 2 atmosphere, a decrease of the Fe content and the formation of Fe oxide particles was observed ( Figure 1 ). Keywords: Electrocatalysis, Fe-N-C, Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Durability, PEMFC Acknowledgements These studies were financed by the French National Research Agency in the frame of the CAT2CAT (grant number n°ANR-16-CE05-0007) and the ANIMA (grant number n°ANR-19-CE05-0039) projects. References [1] E. Proietti, F. Jaouen, M. Lefèvre, N. Larouche, J. Tian, J. Herranz, J. P. Dodelet, Nat. Commun. 2011 , 2 , 416. [2] Y. Shao, J. P. Dodelet, G. Wu, P. Zelenay, Adv. Mater. 2019 , 21 , 1807615. [3] K. Kumar, T. Asset, X. Li, Y. Liu, X. Yan, Y. Chen, M. Mermoux, X. Pan, P. Atanassov, F. Maillard, L. Dubau, ACS Catal. 2021 , 11 , 484-494. [4] K. Kumar, P. Gairola, M. Lions, N. Ranjbar-Sahraie, M. Mermoux, L. Dubau, A. Zitolo, F. Jaouen, F. Maillard, ACS Catal. 2018 , 8 , 11264-11276. [5] K. Kumar, L. Dubau, M. Mermoux, J. Li, A. Zitolo, J. Nelayah, F. Jaouen, F. Maillard, Angew. Chem. 2020 , 132 , 3261-3269. Figure 1
Free-space optoelectronic neural system prototype (1992)

We have previously designed a freespace optoelectronic neural system 1 based on the D-STOP architecture. 2 The neural architecture minimizes the number of required light transmitters and provides full connectivity between neurons, flexible functionality neurons and synapses, low signal timing skew, and accurate electronic fan-in with dendritic processing capability. Neural signals are encoded by using a combination of pulse-width modulating optical neurons and pulse-amplitude modulating electronic synapses. The neural system prototype consists of a 16-node input layer, a four-neuron hidden layer, and a single neuron output layer. The input layer consists of a 4 × 4 array of PLZT modulators. An 8 × 8 synapse scalable prototype of the neural chip and the space-invariant optical interconnection system have been fabricated. The image of the modulator array is distributed optically to the 64 synapses of the four hidden layer neurons, which are electrically connected to the output neuron. One differencing dendrite per four synapses is used. Measured synapse and dendrite unit characteristics exhibit high linearity with low power consumption. Test results allow a 100 ns minimum pulse width for neural outputs.
Structural Weaknesses in the Open Smart Grid Protocol. (2015)

The Open Smart Grid Protocol (OSGP) is currently deployed in various countries in large-scale Smart Metering projects. The protocol was developed by the OSGP Alliance and published as a standard by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). We identify several security issues in the OSG Protocol, primarily the use of a weak digest function and the way the protocol utilizes the RC4 algorithm for encryption. A straight-forward oracle attack triggers the leakage of key material of the digest function. We outline how an attacker can make use of the simple protocol structure to send maliciously altered messages with valid authentication tags to the meters.
Design of a Multi-Technology Pre-Clinical SPECT System (2020)

All imaging techniques have fundamental trade-offs as a consequence of the physics that govern the image-forming technique in combination with limitations imposed by the detector technology. In SPECT systems that trade-off is between energy resolution, spatial resolution, field of view, and sensitivity. SPECT detectors would ideally have large area and stopping power, excellent energy and spatial resolution, as well as high count-rate capability. To date, no single detector combines all of these attributes. Nor is there a single collimation strategy that is effective under all circumstances. In prior theory work, we have shown that image quality, as defined by objective task performance measures, can in principle be improved by combining multiple detector and collimator strategies in the same system [3]. In this work, we present a design for a pre-clinical imager combining an intensified quantum imaging detector (iQID) and a CdTe crossed-strip semiconductor detector. The iQID scintillation detector can achieve excellent spatial resolution while also delivering high sensitivity, but with limited energy resolution. This compliments the semiconductor detector's ability to achieve excellent energy and spatial resolution, but at limited count rates and with a smaller detector area. By jointly reconstructing data sets acquired concurrently, we seek to produce a SPECT system that has high energy and spatial resolution without sacrificing sensitivity or field of view. In this work we present the design considerations in building this multi-technology SPECT system.
Challenges and emerging solutions in testing HBM IO & systems (2018)

With advances in VLSI technology, process, packaging and architecture, System on a Chip (SoC) continue to increase in complexity. This has resulted in an unprecedented increase in design errors, manufacturing flaws and customer returns in modern VLSI systems related to High Speed I/O circuits. The situation will be exacerbated in future systems with smaller form factors, higher integration complexity, Embedded I/O's, and more complex manufacturing process. Systems using High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) with embedded DRAM interconnected via a high density substrate with interposer-like technologies (2.5D packaging) are being introduced in a broad array of products. In this work we define a new testability methodology for 2.5D products. As opposed to conventional testing, 2.5D IC test flows are more complex and new DFT methodologies will be presented that provide good coverage and visibility to isolate failures in Production Manufacturing Tests.
Analysis of dose to patient, spouse/caretaker, and staff, from an implanted trackable radioactive fiducial for use in the radiation treatment of prostate cancera) (2010)

The local dose is not expected to have any clinically significant effect on the surrounding tissue which is irradiated during therapy. The dose to the patient is small in comparison to the whole body dose received from the therapy itself. The exposure of all other people is well below the recommended limits. The authors conclude that there is no radiation exposure related contraindication for use of this technology in the radiation treatment of prostate cancer.
Getting Drugs Across Biological Barriers (2017)

The delivery of drugs to a target site frequently involves crossing biological barriers. The degree and nature of the impediment to flux, as well as the potential approaches to overcoming it, depend on the tissue, the drug, and numerous other factors. Here an overview of approaches that have been taken to crossing biological barriers is presented, with special attention to transdermal drug delivery. Technology and knowledge pertaining to addressing these issues in a variety of organs could have a significant clinical impact.
Pentavalent Organo-Vanadates as Transition State Analogues for Phosphoryl Transfer Reactions (2000)

Pentavalent organo-vanadates have been put forth as transition state analogues for a variety of phosphoryl transfer reactions. In particular, uridine 2',3'-cyclic vanadate (U>v) has been proposed to resemble the transition state during catalysis by ribonuclease A (RNase A). Here, this hypothesis is tested. Lys41 of RNase A is known to donate a hydrogen bond to a nonbridging phosphoryl oxygen in the transition state during catalysis. Site-directed mutagenesis and semisynthesis were used to create enzymes with natural and nonnatural amino acid residues at position 41. These variants differ by 10(5)-fold in their k(cat)/K(m) values for catalysis, but <40-fold in their K(i) values for inhibition of catalysis by U>v. Plots of logK(i) vs log(K(m)/k(cat)) for three distinct substrates [poly(cytidylic acid), uridine 3'-(p-nitrophenyl phosphate), and cytidine 2',3'-cyclic phosphate] have slopes that range from 0.25 and 0.36. These plots would have a slope of unity if U>v were a perfect transition state analogue. Values of K(i) for U>v correlate weakly with the equilibrium dissociation constant for the enzymic complexes with substrate or product, indicating that U>v bears some resemblance to the substrate and product as well as the transition state. Thus, U>v is a transition state analogue for RNase A, but only a marginal one. This finding indicates that a pentavalent organo-vanadate cannot necessarily be the basis for a rigorous analysis of the transition state for a phosphoryl transfer reaction.
Rapid Dye Decolorization Method for Screening Potential Wood Preservatives (2000)

We developed a new screening method for potential wood preservatives based on decolorization of the dye Remazol Brilliant Blue R by extracellular oxidative agents produced by wood decay fungi. Oxidative biodegradation of lignin yielded decolorized zones around and under fungal cultures on a dyed agar medium. Inhibitory effects were detected by direct observation and measurement of the decolorized zones.
Rhodium-Catalyzed Conjugate Additions of Boronic Acids to Enones (2006)

This paper presents a new chiral bisphosphine ligand that was shown to be effective for rhodium-catalyzed conjugate addition of boronic acids. A four-step procedure starting from racemic 2,5-norbornadione (involving resolution with (R,R)-2,3-diphenylaminocarbonyl tartaric acid provides a new chiral bisphosphine architecture. The conjugate addition reaction has a wide substrate scope of various aryl boronic acids and ­acceptors ranging from 5-7-membered enones that all gave high yields and high enantioselectivities.
Composite Tissue Preservation (2020)

Composite tissue (CT) preservation is important to outcomes after replant or transplant. Since the first limb replant, the mainstay of preservation has been static cold storage with the amputated part being placed in moistened gauze over ice. Historically, the gold-standard in solid organ preservation has been static cold storage with specialized solution, but this has recently evolved in the last few decades to develop technologies such as machine perfusion and even persufflation. This review explores the impact of cooling and oxygenation on CT, summarizes the work done in the area of CT preservation, discusses lessons learned from our experience in solid organ preservation, and proposes future directions.
Low-loss ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining solid photonic bandgap fiber (2009)

A low loss ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining solid photonic bandgap fiber (SPBGF) is fabricated using a new fabrication method. A high efficient fiber laser operated at the low-gain wavelengths is prospected by the fiber.
Electrochemical Gas Chromatographic Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide at PPM and PPB Levels (1977)

An electrochemical detector for gas chromatographic analysis of hydrogen sulfide is described and its operating characteristics are discussed. The detector operation is based upon the measurement of the current when hydrogen sulfide is electrochemically oxidized at a diffusion electrode. The lower detectable limit was 3 X 10(-12) grams H2S, the precision was 0.5% and analysis was achieved within 2 minutes. Accuracy was limited principally by the preparation of calibration samples and the availability of standard reference gas mixtures.
Fluorescence and second-harmonic generation correlative microscopy to probe space charge separation and silver cluster stabilization during direct laser writing in a tailored silver-containing glass (2013)

We report on fluorescence and second-harmonic generation correlative microscopy of femtosecond direct laser-induced structures in a tailored silver-containing phosphate glass. We compare the spatial distributions of the related permanent electric field and silver clusters. The latter appear to be co-localized where the associated electric potential ensures favorable reduction-oxidation conditions for their formation and stabilization. Space charge separation is shown to occur prior the cluster formation. The associated electric field is a key parameter for silver clustering, thanks to electric field assisted silver ion motion. Future photonic structures combining 3D laser-structured fluorescence and nonlinear optical properties in such tailored glass will require an optimal control of the induced electric field distribution.
Deciphering protective immunity against tuberculosis: implications for vaccine development (2019)

Although CD4<sup>+</sup> T lymphocytes are essential for protection against TB, there is no clear correlation between conventional CD4<sup>+</sup> or CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell responses and protective efficacy of TB vaccines. Recent attention has focused on other immune responses, including donor unrestricted T cells, B lymphocytes, and antibodies. Prospective studies on samples from vaccinated individuals protected in recent trials will allow evaluation of these alternative immune mechanisms as potential correlates of protection.
Creep Behavior of Thick and Thin Walled Structures of a Single-Crystal Nickel-Base Superalloy at High Temperatures: Experimental Method and Results (2008)

Creep behavior of the single crystal nickel-base superalloy Ren N5 is investigated as a function of material thickness. The results point out that reducing the thickness from 1.0 to 0.2 mm leads to both shorter creep lives and much higher overall creep strain rates of thin specimens. The orientation of the specimen is an important factor too but has a weaker influence on creep behavior under the given test conditions than the specimen thickness.
Fabrication and Applications of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube (SWNT) Fabrics (2017)

This chapter discusses the methods for producing solutions of single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) that can be dispensed by commercial semiconductor coating systems to form mono-layers of nanotubes for use as sparse conducting networks. The manufacturability of electronic devices based on carbon nanotubes has traditionally depended on the ability to manipulate and control individual structures at the molecular level. Nantero has developed a procedure to produce semiconductor-electronic-grade SWNT solutions for creating monolayer conductive fabrics. To address the issues, Nantero has developed a proprietary process of purification, filtration, and solubilization of SWNTs into a semiconductor-grade solvent. Working with various semiconductor manufacturers, a set of criteria has been developed for the “qualification” of SWNT solutions as an acceptable material for use within a complementary metal oxide semiconductors foundry. A primary characterization of the process is the measurement of SWNT fabric sheet resistance using a 4-point probe.