gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polymeric Shell with Low Permeability (2012)

A polymeric shell with low permeability was manufactured via a combined process including both an interfacial polymerization and an in-situ condensation. A polyisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) or 1,6-hexamethylenediisocyanate (HDI), was added in the core compositions as a reactive monomer for the formation of both polyurethane wall and polyurea wall. PPG-2,000, a polypropylene glycol, was employed as another reactive monomer to form the polyurethane wall. Melamine-formaldehyde precondensate was prepared and used as the raw material for the aminoplast wall formation. The polymeric shell thus consists of three walls, which includes a polyurethane inner wall, a polyurea middle wall and an aminoplast outer wall. The triple-walled shell has proven to possess low permeability and then wrap the paraffin compounds tightly.
1P158 Nucleotide-dependent interaction between legs of Mycoplasma mobile and sialyllactose(11.Molecular motor,Poster,The 51st Annual Meeting of the Biophysical Society of Japan) (2013)

Mycoplasma mobile has hundreds of legs approximately 100 nm long and glides on the substrate at the speed of 2.5 μm/sec.It is hypothesized that a cycle of attachment to and detachment from surface-immobilized sialyllactose (SL) drives the force of the gliding.To reveal the mechanism of directed movement as the sum of the force in each leg, we quantified the interaction between legs and SL by using optical tweezers in the presence of different nucleotides or analogues: AMP-PNP ; ADP; ADP+Vi ; nucleotide-free condition.We found that unbinding force depends on chemical states, and also, loading directions in terms of a bacterium gliding polarity.These nucleotide-dependent asymmetric variations could contribute to decipher the gliding mechanism at the molecular level.
Towards the Development of a Real‐time Insulin Biosensor (2018)

Disease management for Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) patients can be challenging, and more than two-thirds of the diabetic population in the United States fails to maintain optimal blood glucose levels. The artificial pancreas (AP), automates disease management by automatically delivering insulin with dosage adjusted in real-time as a response to blood glucose levels. However, despite automation using advanced control algorithms, patients reliant on the AP risk hyper and hypoglycemia, which can result in fatality or other less serious complications. Such mis-dosing can result from discrepancies between the administered and the circulating insulin levels. As such, a direct continuous monitoring of circulating insulin could tighten glucose regulation while improving safety and patient response to treatment. Thus, we aim to develop a real-time insulin biosensor for APs using nature's own insulin sensor, the insulin receptor (InR). We plan to engineer our biosensor modeled upon the InR ectodomain using phage-displayed libraries with 109 different InR variants and iterative rounds of selections. FRET and polarization assays will be used to assess InR conformational change, binding kinetics of insulin to InR variants, and device sensitivity. Support or Funding Information Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation, The Helmsley Charitable Trust Insulin binding (kon) and release (koff) kinetics determine sensitivity of insulin monitoring over a dynamic range of concentrations. Conformational changes of the native InR are used to develop a FRET-based optical detection system for insulin binding using fusion proteins covalently attached to fluorophores. This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.
MHC clustering regulates selectivity and effectiveness of T-cell responses (2019)

Abstract Although formation of nano-scale MHC clusters on the cell membrane of antigen-presenting cells has been well documented, the essence of MHC clustering and the role in controlling antigen presentation and T-cell responses have been not systematically studied. This is due to the absence of available approaches to evaluate how the clusters’ size, density and composition of MHC clusters influence TCR engagement and triggering of TCR signaling. We exploited nano-scale discoidal membrane mimetics (nanolipoprotein particles, or NLPs) to capture and present pMHC ligands at various densities and examined the binding of these model membrane clusters to the surface of live human CD8+ T cells and the subsequent triggering of intracellular Ca2+ signaling. The data demonstrate that the proximity of pMHC ligands, high association rate of CD8-MHC interactions, and relatively long lifetime of cognate TCR-pMHC complexes emerge as essential parameters explaining the significance of MHC clustering. Rapid rebinding of CD8 to clustered MHC suggests a dual role of CD8 in facilitating the T cells’ hunt for a rare foreign pMHC ligand and the induction of rapid T-cell response. Thus, our findings provide a new understanding of how MHC clustering influences multivalent interactions of pMHC ligands with CD8 and TCR on live T cells that regulate antigen recognition, kinetics of intracellular signaling, and the selectivity and efficiency of T-cell responses.
Regulation of protein synthesis in Tetrahymena. Quantitative estimates of the parameters determining the rates of protein synthesis in growing, starved, and starved-deciliated cells. (1983)

The calculated rate of protein synthesis for growing Tetrahymena is 360 pg/h, whereas starved cells synthesize only about 3 pg of protein/h. Within 50 min after deciliation of starved cells, the rate of protein synthesis increases to about 60 pg/h. The major mechanism to accomplish these large and rapid changes in the rate of bulk protein synthesis involves regulation of the number of messages loaded on polysomes. Logarithmically growing cells contain about 3.2 X 10(7) mRNA molecules/cell, of which approximately 60% is loaded on polysomes. Starved cells contain about 0.8 X 10(7) messages and the percentage of messages loaded is reduced to 4%. Thus, the number of loaded messages is approximately 60-fold lower in starved cells than in growing cells, although the total message content of cells in these two physiological states differs by only a factor of 4. After deciliation of starved cells, message loading increases about 10-fold. It seems likely that much of the message loaded after deciliation is derived from the large pool of nonpolysomal message in starved cells. Although large differences in message loading exist for growing, starved, and starved-deciliated cells, measurements of the rate of polypeptide elongation and the rate of message initiation indicate the translational efficiency of loaded messages (pg of protein synthesized per pg of message/unit time) is very similar under all conditions.
Radiation effects on fused biconical taper wavelength division multiplexers (1994)

The effects of radiation on fused biconical taper wavelength division multiplexers are presented. A theoretical model indicates that index changes in the fiber are primarily responsible for the degradation of these devices.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
18-fold power reduction using Bragg grating-based switch in highly-nonlinear bismuth-oxide fiber (2011)

We experimentally demonstrate a Bragg grating-based all-optical switch in a highly nonlinear Bi2O3 fiber. We achieve 18-fold power reduction for a 6.5 dB switching ratio compared with previous demonstrations in silica fibers.
The Sox-2 Regulatory Regions Display Their Activities in Two Distinct Types of Multipotent Stem Cells (2004)

The Sox-2 gene is expressed in embryonic stem (ES) cells and neural stem cells. Two transcription enhancer regions, Sox-2 regulatory region 1 (SRR1) and SRR2, were described previously based on their activities in ES cells. Here, we demonstrate that these regulatory regions also exert their activities in neural stem cells. Moreover, our data reveal that, as in ES cells, both SRR1 and SRR2 show their activities rather specifically in multipotent neural stem or progenitor cells but cease to function in differentiated cells, such as postmitotic neurons. Systematic deletion and mutation analyses showed that the same or at least overlapping DNA elements of SRR2 are involved in its activity in both ES and neural stem or progenitor cells. Thus, SRR2 is the first example of an enhancer in which a single regulatory core sequence is involved in multipotent-state-specific expression in two different stem cells, i.e., ES and neural stem cells.
Structure-Function Analysis of Core STRIPAK Proteins (2011)

Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are alterations in brain capillary architecture that can result in neurological deficits, seizures, or stroke. We recently demonstrated that CCM3, a protein mutated in familial CCMs, resides predominantly within the STRIPAK complex (striatin interacting phosphatase and kinase). Along with CCM3, STRIPAK contains the Ser/Thr phosphatase PP2A. The PP2A holoenzyme consists of a core catalytic subunit along with variable scaffolding and regulatory subunits. Within STRIPAK, striatin family members act as PP2A regulatory subunits. STRIPAK also contains all three members of a subfamily of Sterile 20 kinases called the GCKIII proteins (MST4, STK24, and STK25). Here, we report that striatins and CCM3 bridge the phosphatase and kinase components of STRIPAK and map the interacting regions on each protein. We show that striatins and CCM3 regulate the Golgi localization of MST4 in an opposite manner. Consistent with a previously described function for MST4 and CCM3 in Golgi positioning, depletion of CCM3 or striatins affects Golgi polarization, also in an opposite manner. We propose that STRIPAK regulates the balance between MST4 localization at the Golgi and in the cytosol to control Golgi positioning.
A 3.2 kHz, Stereo Sensing Module Using Two Profile Sensors (2009)

We have developed an intelligent CMOS sensor named Profile Sensor with sampling rate at 3200Hz of X and Y projection images. The Profile Sensor is a unique CMOS sensor aimed at high-speed position sensing by detecting projection images of X and Y-axes. We have constructed a stereo sensing module by using two profile sensors and confirmed the characteristics of the module for high-speed three-dimensional position detection of multi spots using LEDs and reflectors as a target. We would like to show that the sensor has high-speed and high-accurate position measurement capabilities and can be useful for industrial and amusement applications. 1
DIFFUSION COATINGS FOR CORROSION RESISTANT COMPONENTS IN COAL GASIFICATION SYSTEMS (2005)

Heat-exchangers, particle filters, turbines, and other components in integrated coal gasification combined cycle system must withstand the highly sulfiding conditions of the high temperature coal gas over an extended period of time. The performance of components degrades significantly with time unless expensive high alloy materials are used. Deposition of a suitable coating on a low cost alloy may improve is resistance to such sulfidation attack and decrease capital and operating costs. The alloys used in the gasifier service include austenitic and ferritic stainless steels, nickel-chromium-iron alloys, and expensive nickel-cobalt alloys. During this reporting period we coated coupons of selected alloy steels with diffusion coatings of Cr and Al, as well as with titanium and tantalum nitrides. The coated samples were analyzed for their surface composition. In several instances, the samples were also cut to determine the depth profile of the coating. Several of the early runs did not yield uniform or deep enough coatings and hence a significant portion of the effort in this period was devoted fixing the problems with our fluidized bed reactor. Before the end of the quarter we had prepared a number of samples, many of them in duplicates, and sent one set to Wabash River Energy Laboratory for them to install in their gasifier. The gasifier was undergoing a scheduled maintenance and thus presented an opportunity to place some of our coupons in the stream of an operating gasifier. The samples submitted included coated and uncoated pairs of different alloys.
Electroporation-Mediated DNA Transfection of Embryonic Chick Limb Mesenchymal Cells (2003)

Electroporation has been frequently adopted as a means to transfect primary cells or cell lines that demonstrate resistance to other commonly used methods of transfection, e.g., DEAE-dextran or calcium phosphate precipitation or liposome-mediated transfection. Electroporation is a method of transfection utilizing an electric field to introduce foreign materials into cells. This method of transfection has been demonstrated to be effective on both prokaryotic (1–4) and eukaryotic cells (5–8) and is capable of introducing DNA, large macromolecules (e.g., antibodies), proteins, dyes, metabolic precursors (e.g., 32P-ATP), and nonpermeant drugs and metabolites into cells with high efficiency (4,8–13).
Steady state relations and the Robinson instability for the PEP RF system (1977)

The PEP RF system will be required to operate over a wide range of conditions, often with much heavier beam loading than in SPEAR. Since coupling loops are not readily changeable, it may be necessary to introduce other elements, such as an E-H tuner, into the system to provide flexibility for matching the klystron load requirements and simultaneously suppressing the Robinson instability. In this paper the steady state circuit relations are presented and a criterion for the Robinson instability is derived in a form which defines regions of stability in the parameter space. 2 figs.
A Transmitter—Receiver System for Long-Range Capacitive Sensing Applications (2016)

Human occupancy detection and localization are important in a variety of smart building applications including building security, assisted living monitors, and energy-efficient heating ventilation and air cooling and lighting. Current implementation of such systems is limited by motion-sensor technologies, e.g., passive infrared (PIR) and ultrasonic sensors, which substitute as occupancy detectors but ultimately suffer from an inability to detect stationary objects. Capacitive sensing can detect stationary objects, but the technology has almost exclusively been developed for short-range human detection and localization, e.g., touch-screen human interfacing of smart devices. This paper presents a transmitter-receiver platform for research and development of capacitive sensing for long-range human occupancy detection and localization. During testing, the system revealed a detection range of 3.5 m, a typical room dimension in homes. Further, tests of a multitransmitter single-receiver system in a 3.2 m × 3.2 m space showed the system's potential for occupant localization. Ultimately, this system represents an alternative to PIR and ultrasonic motion sensors, and has the potential to increase smart building system implementation.
Metal frame multiband MIMO antenna for smartphones (2017)

In this study we present a new MIMO antenna which utilizes the metal frame of a smartphone. This antenna contributes to high mechanical strength which can help prevent the display from cracking when the smartphone is dropped. The antenna can generate multi resonant mode at about 0.9 GHz band as well as at 1.5 to 2.2 GHz bands. The operating mode at 0.9 GHz and 2.0 MHz is a loop antenna. At 1.5 GHz the operating mode is a slot antenna. Furthermore, to realize 2×2 MIMO, the proposed antenna is mounted on the top and bottom sides of the smartphone. The effects of some important parameters (loading capacitor and user's hand) are discussed in this paper. The proposed MIMO antenna can successfully achieve high mechanical strength and multiband characteristics for smartphones that have a metal frame.
A modified microstrip line for excitation of wide-band dielectric resonator antennas (2012)

A novel approach for effectively feeding a wide-band dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) of very low-permittivity is presented in this paper. It is shown that a tapered microstrip line with optimized length and width can provide excellent impedance matching. The impedance bandwidth of the antenna (S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> <; -10 dB) associated with single resonance mode is over 35%. A minimum reflection coefficient of -60 dB is observed in the simulations for a dielectric resonator with dielectric constant of ε <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> = 5. The broadside radiation pattern of the antenna is stable over the impedance bandwidth. Low cross polarization levels (<; -20 dB) across the frequency range 21-30 GHz are noticeable.
Processus morphogénétiques (2012)

Régénération et plasticité dans le système nerveux Cellules souches, rappels et définitions Les cellules souches se définissent par leur capacité à donner une autre cellule souche et une cellule plus restreinte dans ses possibilités de différenciation. Ces divisions sont le plus souvent très lentes et il existe un compartiment d’amplification des cellules destinées à une différenciation ultérieure. Le maintien du caractère souche dépend de l’environnement ou de la niche dont les protéines de ...
A New Dihydrostilbene in Dendrobium chrysanthum (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleA New Dihydrostilbene in Dendrobium chrysanthumZhi-da Min, Toshiyuki Tanaka, Munekazu Iinuma, and Mizuo MizunoCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1987, 50, 6, 1189Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 November 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50054a042https://doi.org/10.1021/np50054a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views152Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Analysis of Ribonucleotide 5′-Triphosphate Analogs as Potential Inhibitors of Zika Virus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase by Using Nonradioactive Polymerase Assays (2016)

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging human pathogen that is spreading rapidly through the Americas and has been linked to the development of microcephaly and to a dramatically increased number of Guillain-Barré syndrome cases. Currently, no vaccine or therapeutic options for the prevention or treatment of ZIKV infections exist. In the study described in this report, we expressed, purified, and characterized full-length nonstructural protein 5 (NS5) and the NS5 polymerase domain (NS5pol) of ZIKV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Using purified NS5, we developed an <i>in vitro</i> nonradioactive primer extension assay employing a fluorescently labeled primer-template pair. Both purified NS5 and NS5pol can carry out <i>in vitro</i> RNA-dependent RNA synthesis in this assay. Our results show that Mn<sup>2+</sup> is required for enzymatic activity, while Mg<sup>2+</sup> is not. We found that ZIKV NS5 can utilize single-stranded DNA but not double-stranded DNA as a template or a primer to synthesize RNA. The assay was used to compare the efficiency of incorporation of analog 5'-triphosphates by the ZIKV polymerase and to calculate their discrimination versus that of natural ribonucleotide triphosphates (rNTPs). The 50% inhibitory concentrations for analog rNTPs were determined in an alternative nonradioactive coupled-enzyme assay. We determined that, in general, 2'-C-methyl- and 2'-C-ethynyl-substituted analog 5'-triphosphates were efficiently incorporated by the ZIKV polymerase and were also efficient chain terminators. Derivatives of these molecules may serve as potential antiviral compounds to be developed to combat ZIKV infection. This report provides the first characterization of ZIKV polymerase and demonstrates the utility of <i>in vitro</i> polymerase assays in the identification of potential ZIKV inhibitors.
A connection between network coding and convolutional codes (2004)

The min-cut, max-flow theorem states that a source node can send a commodity through a network to a sink node at the rate determined by the flow of the min-cut separating the source and the sink. Recently it has been shown that by linear re-encoding at nodes in communication networks, the min-cut rate can be also achieved in multicasting to several sinks. In this paper we discuss connections between such coding schemes and convolutional codes. We propose a method to simplify the convolutional encoder design that is based on a subtree decomposition of the network line graph, describe the structure of the associated matrices, investigate methods to reduce decoding complexity and discuss possible binary implementation.
A Low-Cost, Built-In Self-Test Method for Resistive MEMS sensors (2011)

This paper illustrates the experimental application of the LIMBO method, an identification method based on binary observations dedicated to the (self-) test of integrated electronic and electromechanical systems, such as MEMS. The tested MEMS device is a micro-wire used as a heating resistor, inserted in a Wheatstone bridge. We show how the impulse response and the offset of the micro device are estimated only using binary inputs and outputs and straightforward calculations, which can easily be implemented on an FPGA. This approach only requires a 1-bit ADC and a 1-bit DAC, which makes it very amenable to integration and highlights its suitability for the test of systems based on resistive sensor and/or actuator.
Band alignment between GeTe and SiO2/metals for characterization of junctions in nonvolatile resistance change elements (2011)

GeTe materials were characterized using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in both the amorphous and crystalline states. Valence and conduction band alignments relative to a SiO2 reference were measured to allow the GeTe band diagram, work function, and electron affinity to be inferred. Hole barrier heights was also studied for several metal/GeTe systems (metal=Al,Ni,W) to extract the charge neutrality level of these interfaces for GeTe in both the crystalline and amorphous states. Near perfect Fermi-level pinning was observed for crystalline GeTe in contact with all of the metals with much less pinning observed for amorphous GeTe.