gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Novel Fully Self-Aligned SiGe:C HBT Architecture Featuring a Single-Step Epitaxial Collector-Base Process (2007)

In this paper we describe a novel fully self-aligned HBT architecture, which enables a maximum reduction of device parasitics. TCAD simulations show that this architecture is capable of achieving f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> /f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> values of 295/425 GHz for an effective emitter area of 0.13times5 mum <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . In this new process approach, which is fully CMOS compatible, the collector and base are grown in a single-step non-selective epitaxial process on top of pre-defined bipolar areas. This provides new opportunities for collector-base profile engineering. The collector drift region and the extrinsic base are made self-aligned to the emitter by means of a dry etch that removes all polycrystalline material. The remaining epitaxial pedestal defines the intrinsic device and makes deep trench isolation redundant. We describe the major features of the integration scheme and show measured f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> /f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> values of 300/220 GHz on the first fabricated devices with an effective emitter area of 0.13times5 mum <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Multiflow regeneration using network coding for bidirectional links (2015)

We propose to implement bit-level network coding with novel multiflow regenerators in bidirectional links. Our regenerators are designed to send two different messages out of a single transmitter. Simulations show an estimated ~20% equipment cost reduction at same performance.
Selective antagonism of TRPA1 produces limited efficacy in models of inflammatory- and neuropathic-induced mechanical hypersensitivity in rats (2016)

The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel has been implicated in pathophysiological processes that include asthma, cough, and inflammatory pain. Agonists of TRPA1 such as mustard oil and its key component allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) cause pain and neurogenic inflammation in humans and rodents, and TRPA1 antagonists have been reported to be effective in rodent models of pain. In our pursuit of TRPA1 antagonists as potential therapeutics, we generated AMG0902, a potent (IC<sub>90</sub> of 300 nM against rat TRPA1), selective, brain penetrant (brain to plasma ratio of 0.2), and orally bioavailable small molecule TRPA1 antagonist. AMG0902 reduced mechanically evoked C-fiber action potential firing in a skin-nerve preparation from mice previously injected with complete Freund's adjuvant, supporting the role of TRPA1 in inflammatory mechanosensation. In vivo target coverage of TRPA1 by AMG0902 was demonstrated by the prevention of AITC-induced flinching/licking in rats. However, oral administration of AMG0902 to rats resulted in little to no efficacy in models of inflammatory, mechanically evoked hypersensitivity; and no efficacy was observed in a neuropathic pain model. Unbound plasma concentrations achieved in pain models were about 4-fold higher than the IC<sub>90</sub> concentration in the AITC target coverage model, suggesting that either greater target coverage is required for efficacy in the pain models studied or TRPA1 may not contribute significantly to the underlying mechanisms.
Improving Quality of Life During Chemotherapy: Cannabinoids, Cryotherapy, and Scalp Cooling (2023)

There have been significant advances in the treatment of cancer in the past decade. However, patients continue to suffer from significant side effects of antineoplastic agents that greatly affect their quality of life (QOL), including chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), and chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA). This review aims to provide an updated overview of emerging strategies for the management and prevention of these immediate and long-lasting side effects. The use of integrative medicine including cannabis continues to evolve in the realm of CINV and cancer-related anorexia. Although no pharmaceutical agent has been approved for the prevention of CIPN, cryotherapy, compression therapy and, more recently, cryocompression therapy have shown benefit in small trials, but there are concerns with tolerability especially related to cryotherapy. More data are necessary to determine an effective and tolerable option to prevent CIPN in large, randomized studies. Scalp cooling (SC), which has a similar mechanism to cryotherapy and compression therapy for CIPN prevention, has proven to be an effective and tolerable approach in randomized studies and has significantly limited CIA, an entity that definitively affects the QOL of patients living with cancer. Taken together, cannabis, cryotherapy, compression and cryocompression therapy, and SC all strive to improve the QOL of patients living with cancer by minimizing the side effects of chemotherapeutic agents.
An Assessment of Integrated Digital Cellular Automata Architectures (2008)

Future nanoscale technology might drive a migration to different information-processing and computing approaches. The recent emergence of multicore architectures, driven by semiconductor technology constraints, motivates the investigation of cellular automata architectures as information-processing alternatives.
VOIP over HSPA with 3GPP Release 7 (2006)

This paper presents air interface capacity simulations for VoIP (voice-over-IP) over 3GPP Release 7 high speed packet access (HSPA) networks. The results show that 3GPP HSPA is able to provide VoIP spectral efficiency which is higher than the spectral efficiency for circuit switched voice calls with the same end-to-end quality. The high VoIP efficiency can be attributed to the packet optimization features in 3GPP Release 5, 6 and 7 specifications, to the advanced mobile receiver algorithms and to the VoIP optimized radio network algorithms. The studies also show that HSPA mobility solutions fulfil VoIP requirements with synchronous handover even if HSDPA does not use soft handover
Binary codes in the block-fading channel (2006)

We study coding for the non-ergodic block-fading channel. In particular, we analyze the error probability of full-diversity binary codes, and we elaborate on how to approach the outage probability limit. In so doing, we introduce the concept outage boundary region, which is a graphical way to illustrate failures in the decoding process. We show that outage achieving codes have a frame error probability which is independent of the block length. Conversely, we show that codes that do not approach the outage probability have an error probability that grows logarithmically with the block length.
Heterogeneous Catalysis: Ni/C‐Catalyzed Cross‐Couplings en Route to Allylated Aromatics: Applications to a Precursor to Coenzyme Q10. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Interventional Nephrology and Dialysis: Access Flow Measurement During Surveillance and Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty Intervention (2003)

The introduction of routine access flow measurement methodology has enabled accurate identification of problematic accesses and provided a means for follow-up evaluation. These methods have uncovered, in some cases, that interventions are either immediately unsuccessful or that they fail within 3 months to maintain flow above preintervention levels. The purpose of this article is to analyze the main problems that occur at each step in the loop of flow surveillance-intervention-follow-up and to provide suggestions for improving outcomes. Analysis of published access flow data suggests that the main problems lie in the areas of inadequate analysis of flow surveillance data, lack of objective technology for quantifying intervention effectiveness, and lack of follow-up flow measurements in the hemodialysis (HD) unit after the intervention. The following three recommendations may improve surveillance outcomes: 1). using a reliable access flow technology combined with analysis of all hemodynamic data (including mean arterial pressure) before referring patients for angiography to decrease surveillance false positives; 2). performing intra-access blood flow measurement during angioplasty, which may improve outcomes by giving warning of errors before the patient leaves the intervention suite. Success achieved in restoring flow as measured during the intervention usually predicts good immediate outcomes in the HD unit; 3). measuring access flows during the next week after angioplasty. If the results are unsatisfactory, the patient should be further evaluated to avoid a potential thrombotic event.
Data from Orally Bioavailable and Blood–Brain Barrier-Penetrating ATM Inhibitor (AZ32) Radiosensitizes Intracranial Gliomas in Mice (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Inhibition of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) during radiotherapy of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) may improve tumor control by short-circuiting the response to radiation-induced DNA damage. A major impediment for clinical implementation is that current inhibitors have limited central nervous system (CNS) bioavailability; thus, the goal was to identify ATM inhibitors (ATMi) with improved CNS penetration. Drug screens and refinement of lead compounds identified AZ31 and AZ32. The compounds were then tested &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; for efficacy and impact on tumor and healthy brain. Both AZ31 and AZ32 blocked the DNA damage response and radiosensitized GBM cells &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt;. AZ32, with enhanced blood–brain barrier (BBB) penetration, was highly efficient &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; as radiosensitizer in syngeneic and human, orthotopic mouse glioma model compared with AZ31. Furthermore, human glioma cell lines expressing mutant p53 or having checkpoint-defective mutations were particularly sensitive to ATMi radiosensitization. The mechanism for this p53 effect involves a propensity to undergo mitotic catastrophe relative to cells with wild-type p53. &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt;, apoptosis was &gt;6-fold higher in tumor relative to healthy brain after exposure to AZ32 and low-dose radiation. AZ32 is the first ATMi with oral bioavailability shown to radiosensitize glioma and improve survival in orthotopic mouse models. These findings support the development of a clinical-grade, BBB-penetrating ATMi for the treatment of GBM. Importantly, because many GBMs have defective p53 signaling, the use of an ATMi concurrent with standard radiotherapy is expected to be cancer-specific, increase the therapeutic ratio, and maintain full therapeutic effect at lower radiation doses. &lt;i&gt;Mol Cancer Ther; 17(8); 1637–47. ©2018 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Outcome of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer treated with or without adjuvant trastuzumab in the Finland Capecitabine Trial (FinXX) (2013)

Adjuvant trastuzumab improves RFS of patients treated with TX-CEX or T-CEF. Few patients had cardiac failure.
Implant Angle Control on Optima MD (2006)

Implant angle control is increasingly important with each new device node. Some devices have demonstrated a sensitivity of threshold voltage of about 100 mV/deg for implant angle and require implant angles to be held within +/− 0.2° for process control. There are many sources of angle variation in single wafer implanters. Mechanical orientation can usually be controlled to high precision, but an accurate control of the implant angle requires knowledge of the actual beam angle relative to the surface or crystal planes of the wafer. In‐situ methods to measure beam angles in both the horizontal and vertical planes are required and it is necessary that these methods be calibrated to the surface or crystal planes of the wafer to achieve the required angle control. Optima MD has incorporated methods to automatically measure beam angles prior to implant in both planes, and correct for any deviation from the desired implant angle. The symmetric parallelizing lens that corrects angles without bending the beam enables a method of calibrating the horizontal angle mask to crystal planes with one or two wafers. This paper discusses the methods of measurement, calibration, and accuracy of the Optima MD angle control system.
Analytic expressions for the sizes of logically minimized truth tables for binary addition and subtraction (1990)

Direct implementations of digital functions by truth table look-up techniques are of increasing importance in both optical and electronic processing. A major issue in these techniques is the logical minimization of the Boolean algebraic expressions for the functions being implemented. For most cases of practical interest, these minimizations require extensive computer time. In this paper, analytic expressions are derived that provide complete information about the absolute minimum sum-of-products representations for binary addition, with and without an input carry, and binary subtraction, with and without an input borrow. These expressions are applicable to any word length.
An Analysis of the Potential for Global Level Value Reuse in the SPEC 95 and SPEC 2000 Benchmarks (2000)

This paper analyzes the amount of redundant computation at a global level within selected benchmarks of the SPEC 95 and SPEC 2000 benchmark suites. Local level redundant computations are redundant computations that are the result of a single static instruction (i.e. PC dependent) while global level redundant computations are redundant computations that are the result of multiple static instructions (i.e. PC independent). The results show that for all benchmarks, less than 10% of the input sets account more than 65% of the dynamic instructions; an input set is defined as an instruction’s opcode, input operands, and PC. In addition, for 8 of the 15 benchmarks profiled in this paper, less than 10% of the input sets accounted for over 90% of the dynamic instructions. Additionally, less than 1000 (0.14%) of the most frequently occurring input sets accounted for 19.4% - 95.5% of the dynamic instructions. Furthermore, more potential for value reuse exists at the global level as compared to the traditional local level. For an equal number of input sets – approximately 100 for each benchmark – at both the global and local levels, the global level input sets accounted for an additional 1.5% to 12.6% of the total number of dynamic instructions as compared to the local level input sets. As a result, exploiting value reuse at the global level should yield a significant performance improvement as compared to exploiting reuse only at the local level.
Human Plasma Contains Cross-Reactive Aβ Conformer-Specific IgG Antibodies (2008)

Two conformers of aggregated Abeta, i.e., fibrils and oligomers, have been deemed important in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. We now report that intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) derived from pools of human plasma contains IgGs that recognize conformational epitopes present on fibrils and oligomers, but not their soluble monomeric precursor. We have used affinity chromatography to isolate these antibodies and have shown that they cross-reacted with comparable nanomolar avidity with both types of Abeta aggregates; notably, binding was not inhibited by soluble Abeta monomers. Our studies provide further support for investigating the therapeutic use of IVIG in Alzheimer's disease.
Study on the Effect of Metal-Wall Loading on the DC Power-Bus (2005)

The DC power-bus for the PCB is loaded with metal walls on its selected sides and is characterized electromagnetically. This is a novel concept of approach to mitigate the spurious resonance and finally signal integrity problems. In particular, the peak at DC, which is always in the way to secure parallel-plates' EMC, can be completely removed by the proposed method. Through the findings of this study, the effect of metal-loading of the power-bus will be presented along with the impression that the suggested technique can tackle the headaches of signal integrity, ground bounce, EMIs.
Impact of Drying on Structural Performance of Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls (2018)

The aim of this study is to experimentally investigate the effect of drying on a shear wall, and to clarify the mechanism of the changes in the structural performance due to drying. Two sufficiently hydrated wall specimens are prepared. Then, one is loaded without drying, while the other is tested after sufficient drying until the shrinkage of concrete reaches an equi-librium state. The results show a reduction in the initial stiffness and little change in the ultimate shear strength in the dry specimen, in spite of an increase in the compressive strength. Reproduction numerical analysis using Rigid Body Spring-network Model (RBSM) coupled with a truss network model for moisture transport is conducted, and an ac-ceptable agreement is confirmed in the ultimate strength and the crack patterns. From the numerical results, it is revealed that two factors are balanced in the ultimate shear strength after drying in this experiment: 1) an increase in the com-pressive strength due to aging (material scale), and 2) a strength reduction due to lateral strain, which is evaluated using the formula suggested by Vecchio and Collins (1986) (member scale). This indicates that the wall reinforcement ratio and concrete shrinkage have the influence on the ultimate strength through increasing/decreasing the number of cracks and the crack width.
Does gender influence morbidity or mortality in the surgical treatment of renal masses? (2014)

In our population-based analysis, in-hospital morbidity after renal surgery was significantly lower for women. Further study is needed to determine if the observed effect is related to differences in surgical difficulty, perioperative care, or unmeasured confounders.
Wavelength-Controlled Etching of Silicon Nanocrystals (2011)

A detailed investigation of the photochemical etching of silicon nanocrystals (Si-NCs) in aqueous hydrofluoric acid (HF) mixtures is described. By increasing the HF concentration and lowering the pH upon addition of hydrochloric acid (HCl), oxide-embedded Si-NCs were rapidly etched, and photoluminescence (PL) from the resulting hydride-terminated Si-NCs tailored from the near-IR to the yellow/green spectral region by irradiating the reaction mixture at the desired PL wavelength. These results are consistent with a hole-driven etching pathway rather than the chemically induced oxidation/etch pathway commonly exploited for Si nanostructures. The relationship among NC size, polydispersity, and PL was investigated using small-angle X-ray scattering. We suggest the defect density of Si-NCs is a crucial parameter for effective size control via photochemical exciton-mediated HF etching. Improved HF etching methods are expected to enable Si-NC applications through the realization of narrow polydispersity and PL bandwidth.
Enriching the rich? A review of extracurricular activities, socioeconomic status and adolescent achievement (2018)

This paper reviews the literature on adolescent extracurricular activity participation, socioeconomic status and academic and labour market outcomes. We consider socioeconomic gradients of extracurricular activity participation in Australia and internationally, and contributors to the patterns found. The literature on the effect of extracurricular activity participation on academic and labour market outcomes in adolescence and early adulthood is also examined. Extracurricular activity participation is more common among more advantaged youths, a finding which is mostly attributable to budgetary and other objective constraints but may also be influenced by non-material family resources and values. There is good evidence that extracurricular activity participation positively affects grades and college attendance in the United States. However, based on the current literature we cannot conclude that the positive associations between participation and standardised test scores, college graduation, and labour market outcomes are anything more than correlational. This absence of high quality studies permitting causal inference was identified as a significant gap in the literature.
Bioresorbable tyrosol‐derived poly(ester‐arylate)s with tunable properties (2021)

Abstract We designed and developed a novel library of tyrosol‐derived poly(ester‐arylate)s that exhibit tunable chemical, thermal, mechanical, and degradative properties. To build the library, the diphenols 4‐hydroxyphenethyl 2‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)acetate (HTy) and 4‐hydroxyphenethyl 3‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)propanoate (DTy) are synthesized and subsequently polymerized with various diacids. Characterization of library members is performed in order to assess the impact of chemical structure on polymer properties. Specifically, the relative influence of diphenol pseudosymmetry versus asymmetry, diacid carbon chain length, and diacid bond rigidity on resulting properties is investigated. Diphenol choice greatly impacts resulting polymer thermal properties and processability. HTy‐containing polymers generally have lower melting temperatures compared to their DTy‐derived counterparts and are easier to quench in the amorphous phase. As a result, processing results in greater tunability for HTy‐derived polymers. One specific example was pHTy3, which increased its tensile modulus from 1 GPa to 3 GPa upon drawing. Diacid lengths and bond rigidity also significantly influence thermal, mechanical, and degradative properties. In all, members of this library can be synthesized efficiently, with high molecular weight and exhibit a wide range of properties, motivating future commercial translation.
High performance MBE-grown N-face microwave GaN HEMTs with &#x003E;70% PAE (2009)

In summary, MBE-grown N-face HEMTs deliver outstanding large signal performance in the C-band, comparable to well-developed Ga-face devices. It was demonstrated that back-barrier engineering could effectively enhance device performance, and hence should be identified as an important design consideration when scaling N-face HEMTs for millimeter-wave operations.
Allocation of Feedback Bits Among Users in Broadcast MIMO Channels (2008)

Given a contraint on the total amount of feedback overhead, we investigate the allocation of feedback bits (i.e. codebook sizes) among users in a limited feedback Zero Forcing Beamforming-based MU-MIMO scheme where users have the opportunity to adapt their codebooks as a function of their own channel statistics. We consider both single-polarized and dual- polarized scenarios. Using upper bounds on the total rate loss incurred by quantization (previously derived by the authors), the optimal bit allocation strategy among users is derived as a function of the users channel statistics and SNR. Closed form solutions of the optimal bit allocation at low and high SNR are also derived. It is shown that in single-polarized scenarios (resp. dual-polarized scenarios) at high SNR it is beneficial to allocate more bits to users experiencing rank deficient transmit correlation matrices (resp. low cross-polarization discrimination XPD) than to users experiencing well conditioned correlation matrices (resp. large XPD), while an opposite allocation should be done at low SNR. Simulation results are shown to confirm analytical derivations.