gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surgical versus Non-surgical Management of Rotator Cuff Tears: Predictors of Treatment Allocation (2014)

Patient demographics at the time of initial presentation for a symptomatic rotator cuff tear are more predictive of treatment allocation to a surgical or nonoperative approach than the patient-derived outcome scores for activity level and shoulder disability. Further study is warranted to help define appropriate indications for treatment allocation in patients with rotator cuff tears.
Enzymatically Controlled Vacancies in Nanoparticle Crystals (2016)

In atomic systems, the mixing of metals results in distinct phase behavior that depends on the identity and bonding characteristics of the atoms. In nanoscale systems, the use of oligonucleotides as programmable "bonds" that link nanoparticle "atoms" into superlattices allows for the decoupling of atom identity and bonding. While much research in atomic systems is dedicated to understanding different phase behavior of mixed metals, it is not well understood on the nanoscale how changes in the nanoscale "bond" affect the phase behavior of nanoparticle crystals. In this work, the identity of the atom is kept the same, but the chemical nature of the bond is altered, which is not possible in atomic systems, through the use of DNA and RNA bonding elements. These building blocks assemble into single crystal nanoparticle superlattices with mixed DNA and RNA bonding elements throughout. The nanoparticle crystals can be dynamically changed through the selective and enzymatic hydrolysis of the RNA bonding elements, resulting in superlattices that retain their crystalline structure and habit, while incorporating up to 35% random vacancies generated from the nanoparticles removed. Therefore, the bonding elements of nanoparticle crystals can be enzymatically and selectively addressed without affecting the nature of the atom.
Asynchronous distributed approach for DC Optimal Power Flow (2015)

The recent trend towards accommodating more distributed resources in power systems motivates a transition from the current highly centralized control structure to a more distributed control structure. In this paper, we propose an asynchronous iterative distributed solution approach for the DC Optimal Power Flow problem. This approach constitutes an iterative procedure that solves first order optimality conditions of the Optimal Power Flow problem in a distributed manner. In this distributed algorithm, each bus is responsible for updating a few local variables, and network coordination is achieved through local information exchanges between neighboring buses. Since information exchange at each variable update iteration might be prohibitive for an actual implementation, we propose an asynchronous iterative procedure. The asynchronous implementation divides the buses into areas, and requires the buses in the same area to exchange information after each iteration, while communication between the areas occurs only after multiple iterations. We further suggest that sharing additional information appropriately between areas without physical connections across the system can speed up the convergence of the algorithm. A proof of concept is provided using the IEEE RTS and IEEE 118-bus test systems.
Improvement in the Contractility and Muscle Stem Cell Density of the Rotator Cuff Following Surgical Repair (2012)

Davis, Max E. BA1; Stafford, Patrick L. BS1; Bradley, Joshua R. BS1; Bedi, Asheesh MD1; Mendias, Christopher L. PhD, ATC1 Author Information
Increased Release of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor from Platelets in Chronic Liver Disease (1994)

The concentrations of platelet-derived growth factor in serum in 7 healthy controls (61 +/- 9 years; mean +/- SD) and 10 patients (62 +/- 8 years) with chronic liver disease (chronic hepatitis and/or liver cirrhosis) were compared. The plasma concentration of platelet-derived growth factor was below the detection limit (< 0.45 microgram/l) in all the subjects studied. The peripheral blood platelet count in patients with chronic liver disease was significantly lower than that in control subjects. However, the concentration of platelet-derived growth factor in serum, which was assumed to be released from platelet, was similar in patients with chronic liver disease and control subjects. These results indicate that the mean amount of platelet-derived growth factor released from the same number (10(9)) of platelets, calculated from the serum platelet-derived growth factor concentration and the peripheral blood platelet count, in patients with chronic liver disease (33 +/- 11 ng/10(9) platelets) was significantly (p < 0.01) higher than that in control subjects (14 +/- 5 ng/10(9) platelets). Moreover, the amount of platelet-derived growth factor released from 10(9) platelets inversely correlated with the serum concentration of pseudocholinesterase activity (r = -0.65, p < 0.01), and correlated positively (r = 0.91, p < 0.01) with the percent retention of indocyanine green in serum, in all subjects studied. These findings suggest that the amount of platelet-derived growth factor releasable from platelets of patients with chronic liver disease is higher than that in normal subjects and that it correlates with the severity of the disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Impact of Treatment on Islet Function in Type 2 Diabetes (2004)

Five years already! We, the members of the International Group on Insulin Secretion (IGIS), are very happy that the Servier-IGIS Symposium on insulin secretion and islet pathophysiology, which we first organized in 2000, has, beyond our expectations, become a traditional, awaited, and much appraised event. The pleasant venue and climate of the French Riviera in early spring undoubtedly contribute to the attractiveness of the symposium. However, we trust that the major reason for its success is the high quality of the presentations and scientific exchanges. These standards extend to the rapid publication of most contributions as refereed and edited review or original articles in a series of supplements to Diabetes (1–4). Both the symposium and the publication are made possible by a generous, unrestricted educational grant from Les Laboratoires Servier (Paris).

This fifth edition focused on therapeutic approaches of type 2 diabetes and their impact on islet function. Although their hypoglycemic properties had already been recognized in 1942, sulfonamides (carbutamide) started to be used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes in 1955 (5). If millions of diabetic patients have successfully been treated with sulfonylureas for 50 years, it is because these compounds luckily hit a key regulatory site of insulin secretion, the ATP-sensitive K+ channel (KATP channel) that was to be discovered about 30 years later (6,7) and whose structure was identified only 10 years ago (8,9). Several sessions of the symposium were dedicated to this target, its role in various tissues, and the perspective of designing novel drugs with high selectivity. Alternative ways to stimulate deficient insulin secretion were discussed as well as the impact that treatment, whether directly targeting β-cells or not, may have on islet function and progression of diabetes. Whenever possible and relevant, the contributors bridged our …
Ionic vs Electronic Power Limitations and Analysis of the Fraction of Wired Grains in LiFePO[sub 4] Composite Electrodes (2010)

International audience
EpiSmart Crosslinking for Keratoconus: A Phase 2 Study (2022)

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess changes in visual acuity after epithelium-on (“epi-on”) corneal crosslinking after a diagnosis of keratoconus. Methods: Subjects with corneal ectatic diseases were enrolled in a prospective, randomized, controlled, open-label, multicenter trial. Subjects were randomized to 1 of 3 treatment groups and treated with an epi-on crosslinking system including riboflavin/sodium iodide and pulsed UVA exposure (EpiSmart, CXL Ophthalmics, Encinitas, CA). The UVA treatment groups were 2.4 J/cm 2 over 20 minutes, 3.6 J/cm 2 over 20 minutes, and 3.6 J/cm 2 over 30 minutes. The primary end point was logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA). Secondary end points were logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCVA), maximum corneal curvature (Kmax), and minimum corneal thickness. Data were assessed 6 and 12 months post-operatively, using t -tests for differences from baseline. Results: Two thousand two hundred twenty-eight subjects were treated with epi-on crosslinking. One thousand nine hundred twenty-two subjects had a diagnosis of keratoconus; other treated eyes had postsurgical and other ectasias. At 6 and 12 months, the subjects with keratoconus demonstrated significant improvements in CDVA, UCVA, and Kmax; minimum corneal thickness was unchanged. One hundred ninety-five subjects (8.7%) reported at least 1 adverse event (AE). A mild corneal epithelial defect was reported in 31 cases (1.4%) and was the only AE reported in &gt;1% of subjects. There were no serious AEs related to the treatment. Conclusions: EpiSmart epi-on crosslinking resulted in mean improvements in CDVA, UCVA, and Kmax at both 6 and 12 months and an excellent safety and efficacy profile in subjects with keratoconus, with few significant side effects. Differences between UVA treatment groups were not significant.
Systematic Investigation of Organic Photovoltaic Cell Charge Injection/Performance Modulation by Dipolar Organosilane Interfacial Layers (2013)

With the goal of investigating and enhancing anode performance in bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells, the glass/tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) anodes are modified with a series of robust silane-tethered bis(fluoroaryl)amines to form self-assembled interfacial layers (IFLs). The modified ITO anodes are characterized by contact angle measurements, X-ray reflectivity, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. These techniques reveal the presence of hydrophobic amorphous monolayers of 6.68 to 9.76 Å thickness, and modified anode work functions ranging from 4.66 to 5.27 eV. Two series of glass/ITO/IFL/active layer/LiF/Al BHJ OPVs are fabricated with the active layer = poly(3-hexylthiophene):phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PC71BM) or poly[[4,8-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl][3-fluoro-2-[(2-ethylhexyl)-carbonyl]thi-eno[3,4-b]thiophenediyl]]:phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PTB7:PC71BM). OPV analysis under AM 1.5G conditions reveals significant performance enhancement versus unmodified glass/ITO anodes. Strong positive correlations between the electrochemically derived heterogeneous electron transport rate constants (ks) and the device open circuit voltage (Voc), short circuit current (Jsc), hence OPV power conversion efficiency (PCE), are observed for these modified anodes. Furthermore, the strong functional dependence of the device response on ks increases as greater densities of charge carriers are generated in the BHJ OPV active layer, and is attributable to enhanced anode carrier extraction in the case of high-ks IFLs.
Partial-Thickness Tears of the Rotator Cuff: Evaluation and Management (1999)

The approach to management of a partial-thickness rotator cuff tear is best made with the understanding that this is not a singular condition. Rather, partial tears represent the common outcome of a variety of insults to the rotator cuff. Degenerative changes due to aging, anatomic impingement, and trauma may all be etiologic agents. Overhead athletes may develop tears due to repetitive microtrauma or internal impingement. Outlet radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging are recommended for routine preoperative evaluation. A nonoperative treatment program for rotator cuff strengthening and stretching is appropriate as initial treatment; modification of activities and anti-inflammatory medication are often used as well. Operative management may be considered when nonoperative treatment fails. Arthroscopic evaluation is required to determine the true extent of the cuff lesion. Arthroscopic subacromial decompression is recommended when outlet impingement is present. Rotator cuff debridement or formal cuff repair is dependent on the size of the cuff defect and the age and activity level of the patient. The importance of recognizing the different causes of partial-thickness rotator cuff tears is emphasized in this review of pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis, imaging, and treatment.
Supplementary Figure S8 from A Clinical PET Imaging Tracer ([<sup>18</sup>F]DASA-23) to Monitor Pyruvate Kinase M2–Induced Glycolytic Reprogramming in Glioblastoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Imaging of IC-2&lt;/p&gt;
Comminution process to produce engineered wood particles of uniform size and shape from cross-grain oriented wood chips (2023)

Comminution process of wood chips to produce wood particles, by feeding wood chips in a direction of travel substantially normal to grain through a counter rotating pair of intermeshing arrays of cutting discs arrayed axially perpendicular to the direction of wood chip travel, wherein the cutting discs have a uniform thickness (Td), to produce wood particles characterized by a length dimension (L) substantially equal to the Td and aligned substantially parallel to grain, a width dimension (W) normal to L and aligned cross grain, and a height dimension (H) aligned normal to W and L, wherein the W.times.H dimensions define a pair of substantially parallel end surfaces with crosscut fibers.
A Comprehensive Repository of Normal and Tumor Human Breast Tissues and Cells (1999)

Abstract : The development of breast cancer is likely to be a multi-step, progressive process with several heritable alterations accumulated during the evolution to malignancy. Since one of the major objectives of breast cancer research is to provide a means for early intervention, it is important to define the specific molecular alterations at each stage in this process. The study of such alterations is greatly aided by having not only tumor cells but also corresponding non-malignant breast cells of stromal and epithelial origin. We have established a unique repository of materials for the biologic and genetic study of breast cancer. The repository contains cryopreserved and cultured cells from tumor tissues, non-malignant epithelial and stromal cells and when available peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Patient demographic and clinical data, and family history are collected and entered onto a relational database.
Thin film packaged redundancy RF MEMS switches for space applications (2017)

A low cost packaging solution has been successfully implemented on RF MEMS switches. The encapsulation is made at wafer level by thin film packaging, it allows keeping very small footprint for the device and is fully compatible with wire bonding and flip chip assembly. In addition to their highly shrinked size, packaged switches excellent microwave performances and promising behaviors in terms of reliability, especially for redundancy schemes required by space applications.
Measured haplotype analysis of the angiotensin-I converting enzyme gene (1999)

Linkage and segregation analysis have shown that circulating angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) levels are influenced by a major quantitative trait locus that maps within or close to the ACE gene. The D variant of a 287 bp insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in intron 16 of the gene is associated with high ACE levels and may also be related to increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Multiple variants that are in linkage disequilibrium with the I/D polymorphism have been described, but it is unknown if any of these are directly implicated, alone or in combination with as yet undiscovered variants, in the determination of ACE levels. An analysis of 10 polymorphisms spanning 26 kb of the ACE gene revealed a limited number of haplotypes in Caucasian British families due to strong linkage disequilibrium operating over this small chromosomal region. A haplotype tree (cladogram) was constructed with three main branches (clades A-C) which account for 90% of the observed haplotypes. Clade C is most likely derived from clades A and B following an ancestral recombination event. This evolutionary information was then used to direct a series of nested, measured haplotype analyses that excluded upstream sequences, including the ACE promoter, from harbouring the major ACE-linked variant that explains 36% of the total trait variability. Residual familial correlations were highly significant, suggesting the influence of additional unlinked genes. Our results demonstrate that a combined cladistic/measured haplotype analysis of polymorphisms within a gene provides a powerful means to localize variants that directly influence a quantitative trait.
Skin Cancer Screening Among Hispanic Adults in the United States: Results From the 2010 National Health Interview Survey (2012)

ers.In addition, since the 3 changes in the low-cost protocol were made simultaneously, the impact of each individual change cannot be evaluated.However, infectioncontrol measures are frequently implemented and studied as regimens involving several elements.A randomized, multicenter trial comparing infection regimens would eliminate the possibility of bias from use of historical controls and enhance generalizability of results.Such studies are needed to define optimally cost-effective infection-control protocols in the dermatologic surgery patient population.
Aberrant bone metabolism in critical illness (2012)

Critically ill patients present with distinct alterations in bone metabolism. We have previously reported a decrease in bone formation markers and a dramatic increase in bone resorption markers. In a rabbit model of critical illness, we observed significantly lower bone mineral content in the trabeculae of critically ill rabbits compared to healthy controls. This suggested uncoupling between bone formation and degradation during critical illness, and could increase risk of fracture during rehabilitation or impaired healing of bone fractures. In this study, we investigated the effect of critical illness on bone metabolism at the tissue and cellular level.
Interference aware massive SDMA with a large uniform rectangular antenna array (2014)

Time division duplex (TDD) systems where the channel state information (CSI) for downlink transmission is obtained at the base station (BS) are widely considered for large scale antenna systems. Given this situation, information about the inter cell interference (ICI) experienced at the receiver is unknown to the transmitter. We show that under the assumption of a [8,16] rectangular antenna array operating in the regime where the number of antennas N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> and served mobile stations (MSs) N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</sub> is N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> ≈ N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</sub> the system performance in terms of spectral efficiency is degrading compared to N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> ≫ N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</sub> To compensate this effect, we propose a wideband low rate feedback containing information about the interference and provide the proof of concept by system-level simulations. The achieved gains in median sum spectral efficiency (SE) are 150 %. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the per antenna power constraint (PAPC) included in current systems can be changed into a pool power constraint with much lower requirements on power amplifiers compared to today. The gain of 20 to 30 % in sum SE and the impact on the power distribution at the antennas is also shown and obtained by system-level simulations in this work.
A PCB Packaging Platform Enabling 100+ Gbaud Optoelectronic Device Testing (2021)

We present a packaging platform that enables testing of co-packaged electronic and photonic integrated circuits and components, and that is based on a low-cost FR-4 PCB. The platform is capable of high speed electronic and optoelectronic transmitter and receiver assembly testing, and we demonstrate operation above 100 Gbaud.
The estimation of cocoanut oil in butter-fat (1906)

F. W. Harris, Analyst, 1906, 31, 353b DOI: 10.1039/AN906310353B
3’ Branch Ligation: A Novel Method to Ligate Non-Complementary DNA to Recessed or Internal 3’OH Ends in DNA or RNA (2018)

Abstract Nucleic acid ligases are crucial enzymes that repair breaks in DNA or RNA during synthesis, repair and recombination. Various molecular tools have been developed using the diverse activities of DNA/RNA ligases. Herein, we demonstrate a non-conventional ability of T4 DNA ligase to join 5’ phosphorylated blunt-end double-stranded DNA to DNA breaks at 3’ recessive ends, gaps, or nicks to form a 3’ branch structure. Therefore, this base pairing-independent ligation is termed 3’ branch ligation (3’BL). In an extensive study of optimal ligation conditions, similar to blunt-end ligation, the presence of 10% PEG-8000 in the ligation buffer significantly increased ligation efficiency. A low level of nucleotide preference was observed at the junction sites using different synthetic DNAs. Furthermore, we discovered that T4 DNA ligase efficiently ligated DNA to the 3’ recessed end of RNA, not to that of DNA, in a DNA/RNA hybrid, whereas RNA ligases are less efficient in this reaction. These novel properties of T4 DNA ligase can be utilized as a broad molecular technique in many important applications. We performed a proof-of-concept study of a new directional tagmentation protocol for next generation sequencing (NGS) library construction that eliminates inverted adapters and allows sample barcode insertion adjacent to genomic DNA. 3’BL after single transposon tagmentation can theoretically achieve 100% usable template, and our empirical data demonstrate that the new approach produced higher yield compared with traditional double transposon or Y transposon tagmentation. We further explore the potential use of 3’BL for preparing targeted RNA NGS libraries with mitigated structure-based bias and adapter dimer problems.
PMAL: Enabling lightweight adaptation of legacy file systems on persistent memory systems (2017)

The advent of Persistent Memory (PM), which is anticipated to have byte-addressable access latency in par with DRAM and yet nonvolatile, has stepped up interest in using PM as storage. Hence, PM storage targeted file systems are being developed under the premise that legacy file systems are suboptimal on memory bus attached PM-based storage. However, many years of time and effort are ingrained in legacy file systems that are now time-tested and mature. Simply scrapping them altogether may be unwarranted. In this paper, we look into how we can leverage the maturity ingrained in legacy file systems to the fullest, while, at the same time, reaping the high performance offered by PM. To this end, we first go through a thorough analysis of legacy Ext4 file systems, and compare it with NOVA, PMFS, and Ext4 with DAX extension, which are new PM file systems available in Linux. Based on these analyses, we then propose the Persistent Memory Adaptation Layer (PMAL) module that is lightweight (roughly 180 LoC) and can easily be integrated into legacy file systems to take advantage of PM storage. Using Ext4, we show that the performance of PMAL integrated Ext4 is in par with PM file systems for the Filebench and key-value store benchmarks.