gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Device Instability of ReRAM and a Novel Reference Cell Design for Wide Temperature Range Operation (2017)

This letter addresses two difficult challenges for transition metal oxide resistive random access memories (ReRAMs)—sensitivity to operation temperature and random fluctuation of resistance value. A careful study of a WO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><i>x</i></sub> ReRAM array reveals that these devices are unstable and their read currents fluctuate with time due to random telegraph noise and structure relaxation. Consequently, even after careful programming, the current distribution can broaden with time and tail bit population grows. Furthermore, ReRAM state is sensitive to temperature and a reference cell made of the same device material must be used. Thus, although the broadening of read current distribution may be tolerated by creating a larger RESET/SET memory window, the current fluctuation still makes it impossible to predict the output of the reference cell, leading to array malfunction. This letter investigates the current (resistance) instability in detail and proposes a reference array with a novel trimming method that can stabilize the reference current level. The proposed reference array has very good dc stress reliability as well as wide-range temperature tracking performance from −40 °C to 85 °C.
Effects of two new features of approximate entropy and sample entropy on cardiac arrest prediction (2015)

Sixteen conventional heart beat variability (HRV) parameters and eight vital signs have shown promise in the prediction of cardiac arrest within 72 hours. Besides these 24 parameters, we proposed adding two new features for cardiac arrest prediction, which are approximate entropy (ApEn) and sample entropy (SpEn). ApEn and SpEn are nonlinear HRV parameters capable of characterizing heart conditions. These two entropies were derived from electrocardiography recordings and combined with the existing 24 features to form feature combinations. The experiments were conducted by using linear kernel Support Vector Machine classification technique to investigate the effects of using ApEn, SpEn together with 24 parameters on cardiac arrest prediction. The dimensionality reduction approach, Principal Component Analysis, was applied to suppress the dimensionality. Results reveal that the prediction performance of adding ApEn and SpEn to the 24 parameters is improved significantly compared to using the 24 parameters only. Dimension reduction has additional positive effects on improving the prediction results.
Architectural Concepts Employing Co-Robot Strategy and Contour Crafting Technologies for Lunar Settlement Infrastructure Development (2012)

A lunar base development strategy that simultaneously employs robots and humans in a safe, effective and economic manner is depicted in this USC School of Architecture and School of Engineering design project done in the Spring of 2012, under the banner of the graduate Moon Studio. Real time telerobotic systems are proposed as an economically viable strategy for lunar base buildup operations. Co-robots are robotic systems designed and operated in real time using telerobotics, to directly support a variety of complex activities which require human supervision. Use of co-robots will allow real time correction of anomalies, separate and protect humans from a number of risky EVA scenarios, and speed up building processes. The strategy is also applicable for complex construction projects here on Earth, especially in the erection and deployment of critical structures, forward base camps and outposts, where human exposure to building activity is deemed hazardous. Elements depicted include the design of a permanent lunar landing and lift off pad for repeated crew and cargo/logistics sorties, a transport infrastructure linking the landing pad to the habitat zone, a dust free platform to erect habitat elements, components and configuration of an early phase lunar habitat for six crew members, and a variety of design elements to ameliorate lunar dust effects in the vicinity of this complex. The lunar base complex is seen as the critical foothold for developing a larger permanent settlement. Some architectural concepts developed in the graduate Moon Studio that propose various lunar settlements and activities are depicted. Eventually, it is the aim of this project to utilize this technology on a large scale here on Earth for complex building projects as well as economic buildup of cities and projects in remote or hazardous regions of the globe using humans primarily in a supervisory role, thereby reducing hard labor, associated fatigue and accidents, while improving overall efficiency of the building process.
Experimental evaluation on effect of hybrid arq with packet combining in forward link for vsf-ofcdm broadband wireless access (2004)

This paper experimentally investigates the throughput performance employing hybrid automatic repeat request (ARQ) with a packet combining algorithm, i.e.. incremental redundancy and Chase combining, from the viewpoints of the achievable throughput satisfying the required residual packet error rate (PKR), coupled with real-time adaptive modulation and channel coding (AMC) operation, for variable spreading factor-orthogonal frequency and code division multiplexing (VSF-OFCDM) broadband wireless access in a forward-link multipath fading channel. Since the implemented base station (BS) and mobile station (MS) transceivers can achieve a high peak throughput of greater than 100 Mbps, the time diversity effect by packet combining or code combining in hybrid ARQ is thoroughly examined associated with the frequency diversity effect over a broadband channel and antenna diversity reception. The experimental results demonstrate that even in a six-path Rayleigh fading channel, incremental redundancy is superior to Chase combining under high Doppler frequency conditions such as f/sub D/ = 140 Hz, especially when the number of maximum retransmissions is small, because the larger coding gain after code combining is effective in compensating for packet errors due to inappropriate modulation and coding scheme (MCS) selection caused by the tracking error of the AMC loop for the fast fading variations. Furthermore, it is elucidated that the throughput values of 7 Mbps and 10 Mbps (achieved at the average received signal energy per symbol-to-background noise power spectrum density ratio (E/sub s/M/sub 0/) of approximately -5 dB) satisfying the required PER of below 10/sup -4/ are achieved when the maximum number of retransmissions is approximately 3 and 7, respectively, in the six-path fading channel with f/sub D/ = 20 Hz.
Functional expression of diverse post-translational peptide-modifying enzymes in Escherichia coli under uniform expression and purification conditions (2022)

RiPPs (ribosomally-synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides) are a class of pharmaceutically-relevant natural products expressed as precursor peptides before being enzymatically processed into their final functional forms. Bioinformatic methods have illuminated hundreds of thousands of RiPP enzymes in sequence databases and the number of characterized chemical modifications is growing rapidly; however, it remains difficult to functionally express them in a heterologous host. One challenge is peptide stability, which we addressed by designing a RiPP stabilization tag (RST) based on a small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) domain that can be fused to the N- or C-terminus of the precursor peptide and proteolytically removed after modification. This is demonstrated to stabilize expression of eight RiPPs representative of diverse phyla. Further, using Escherichia coli for heterologous expression, we identify a common set of media and growth conditions where 24 modifying enzymes, representative of diverse chemistries, are functional. The high success rate and broad applicability of this system facilitates: (i) RiPP discovery through high-throughput "mining" and (ii) artificial combination of enzymes from different pathways to create a desired peptide.
Cold cathode switching device and converter (2023)

A cold-cathode switching device is presented. The cold-cathode switching device includes a housing defining a chamber; an ionizable gas disposed in the chamber; and a plurality of electrodes disposed in the chamber. The plurality of electrodes includes a cathode and an anode defining a discharge gap, and wherein at least one of the cathode and anode comprises a material that is liquid at an operating temperature of the cathode or the anode.
Representing the Metabolome with High Fidelity: Range and Response as Quality Control Factors in LC-MS-Based Global Profiling (2021)

Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is a powerful and widely used technique for measuring the abundance of chemical species in living systems. Its sensitivity, analytical specificity, and direct applicability to biofluids and tissue extracts impart great promise for the discovery and mechanistic characterization of biomarker panels for disease detection, health monitoring, patient stratification, and treatment personalization. Global metabolic profiling applications yield complex data sets consisting of multiple feature measurements for each chemical species observed. While this multiplicity can be useful in deriving enhanced analytical specificity and chemical identities from LC-MS data, data set inflation and quantitative imprecision among related features is problematic for statistical analyses and interpretation. This Perspective provides a critical evaluation of global profiling data fidelity with respect to measurement linearity and the quantitative response variation observed among components of the spectra. These elements of data quality are widely overlooked in untargeted metabolomics yet essential for the generation of data that accurately reflect the metabolome. Advanced feature filtering informed by linear range estimation and analyte response factor assessment is advocated as an attainable means of controlling LC-MS data quality in global profiling studies and exemplified herein at both the feature and data set level.
Supplementary Table S8 from Human Papillomavirus 42 Drives Digital Papillary Adenocarcinoma and Elicits a Germ Cell–like Program Conserved in HPV-Positive Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;HPV42- and HPV16-E6 BioID.&lt;/p&gt;
Age determination of sediment cores MD 07-3076 and MD99-2334 (1999)

Past glacial-interglacial increases in the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) are thought to arise from the rapid release of CO2 sequestered in the deep sea, primarily via the Southern Ocean. Here, we present radiocarbon evidence from the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean that strongly supports this hypothesis. We show that during the last glacial period, deep water circulating around Antarctica was more than two times older than today relative to the atmosphere. During deglaciation, the dissipation of this old and presumably CO2-enriched deep water played an important role in the pulsed rise of atmospheric CO2 through its variable influence on the upwelling branch of the Antarctic overturning circulation.
Die NRW-Forschungsschule BioStruct – Neue Wege interdisziplinärer Graduiertenausbildung an der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf (2021)

Die NRW-Forschungsschule BioStruct – Neue Wege interdisziplinärer Graduiertenausbildung an der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf was published in Jahrbuch der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf 2007/2008 on page 555.
Comparative genomics of Brachyspira pilosicoli strains: genome rearrangements, reductions and correlation of genetic compliment with phenotypic diversity (2012)

The availability of multiple B. pilosicoli genome sequences has allowed us to demonstrate the substantial genomic variation that exists between these strains, and provides an insight into genetic events that are shaping the species. In addition, phenotype screening allowed determination of how genotypic differences translated to phenotype. Further application of such comparisons will improve understanding of the metabolic capabilities of Brachyspira species.
Outcomes of thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) with pleural metastases: Real-world insight from RYTHMIC. (2021)

8578 Background: TETs are rare and potentially aggressive malignancies with high associated prevalence of autoimmune disorders (AIDs). The pleura is the main metastatic site at relapse, referred as Masaoka-Koga stage (MK) IVa. The benefit of surgical management is unknown, so we have collected outcomes of patients with MK IVa TETs in a large prospective database. Methods: RYTHMIC (Réseau tumeurs THYMiques et Cancer) is a French nationwide network mandated to systematically discuss every case of TETs. The database, hosted by IFCT (Intergroupe Francophone de Cancérologie Thoracique), prospectively includes all consecutive pts with a diagnosis of TET discussed in RYTHMIC national or regional tumor boards. We analyzed epidemiologic, clinical and pathological characteristics of patients (pts) with MK IVa TETs. Results: From January 2012 to December 2019, 2909 pts were included in the database, including 182 MK IVa (6.2%). The median age at diagnosis was 63.5 (range 9 to 91). 58/182 (32%) pts reported AIDs, 76% myasthenia gravis. 129/182 pts had synchronous pleural metastasis. 118/182 (65%) tumors were resected, of them 10 (8.4%) had only pericardial metastases. Thymoma (T) B2 rate was 35.6%, B3 17.8% and thymic carcinoma (TC) 13.5%. Induction chemotherapy (CT) was given in 46 (39%) T and 10 (8%) TC with response rate of 50% and 70% respectively. Thymectomy was performed in addition to pleurectomy in 44 pts (37.2%), pericardiectomy in 68 (57.6%), lung resection in 80 (67.8%) or pneumonectomy in 15 (12.7%). Node resection was performed in 57.6% (n = 67), 12 (18%) were positive. The complete resection rate assessed by surgeons was 57% with a median of 15 (0 to 28) resected pleural metastasis. Intrapleural chemotherapy was added for 19 (16%) pts. No mortality was reported 90 days after surgery procedure. Median follow-up was 36 months. Pleural recurrence was seen in 47 (72%) pts. Median disease-free survival (DFS) was 39 vs 16 months in resected vs not resected tumors (p &lt; 0.0001), 5-years overall survival (OS) was 88 vs 66% (p = 0.28), respectively. Risk of relapse decreased by 60% with surgery (HR = 0.4, 95CI (0.25-0.62); p &lt; 0.0001). Conclusions: The prevalence of MK IVa in our cohort was 6.2%. Surgery appears to be a safe and valid option for pts with MK IVa TET at diagnosis.
Molecular Analysis of Synchronous Uterine and Ovarian Endometrioid Tumors (1997)

The presence of simultaneous carcinomas involving both the ovary and uterine corpus presents a diagnostic challenge, particularly if the tumors have a similar histology. The classification of these lesions as either two separate primary tumors, or as a single primary tumor with a metastasis has significant implications with respect to patient prognosis and recommendations for therapy. Although several morphologic criteria have been proposed as guidelines for the classification of these lesions, certain cases remain difficult to confidently classify. The application of current molecular biology techniques to pathological specimens can provide genetic information than can be helpful in establishing the relationship between synchronous neoplasms. Specifically, the use of tissue microdissection and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of DNA can be helpful. In this study we used polymorphic DNA markers on chromosomes 17q21.3-22 and 11q13 to study loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in 13 patients who presented with endometrioid tumors in both the uterus and ovary. Ten of the 13 cases showed LOH in one or both tumors. In eight of the 13 cases the detected LOH either chromosome 17q21.3-22 or 11q13 occurred selectively in only one of the two tumor sites. The results of this study suggest that the eight cases with LOH selective for one tumor site represent patients with two separate primary tumors. Molecular analysis may be useful in determining the relationship of synchronous uterine and ovarian endometrioid neoplasms.
Differential Effects of PPARγ Ligands on Oxidative Stress–Induced Death of Retinal Pigmented Epithelial Cells (2010)

These findings demonstrate that PPARγ agonists can have differential effects on RPE survival in response to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress leads to deregulation of a large set of genes in ARPE-19 cells. A specific subset of these genes can be selectively modulated by troglitazone and represent potential novel targets for cytoprotective therapies.
Comments on “coinfection of SARS‐CoV‐2 and HIV in a patient in Wuhan city, China” (2020)

Comments on "coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 and HIV in a patient in Wuhan city, China"Zhu et al 1 report in their letter, coinfection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in a patient in Wuhan city, China, a case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in an HIV-infected patient.However, from the details given in the report, there are doubts that this patient is living with HIV, and additional information would be needed to confirm it.In addition, the antiretroviral drug treatment mentioned is not within the standard guidelines for someone infected with HIV.Information on how SARS-CoV-2 infection impacts immunocompromised people, such as those people living with HIV (PLWH), off therapy or on therapy, is of urgent concern to those managing PLWH.In this case report, the authors describe a 61-yearold male, who was a heavy smoker with type II diabetes.He presented with recurrent fever and dry cough and was diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia on a chest computed tomography scan.There is no other demographic information given in the case report, but he does not appear to fall into traditional HIV infection risk groups.There is no information on sexual history, drug use, or blood transfusion, which would assist in evaluating his HIV risk.The authors then mention "an antigen/antibody combination test on blood gave the HIV-positive result," without discussion of why the test was given, nor what the test was, or if it was repeated more than once.There is no mention of an HIV viral load measurement, or any subsequent follow up for confirmation of his HIV diagnosis.They then say the patient was put on "oral therapy with an anti-HIV drug, lopinavir/ritonavir" for 12 days.This is not an adequate regimen for someone diagnosed with HIV.While they end on an encouraging note about the patient, with a discussion about his improvement and subsequent isolation at home to recover, they do not discuss any additional follow up for his purported HIV infection with no mention of an adequate treatment regimen.In this rapidly changing time, it is essential to monitor and discuss reports on COVID-19, and its' impact on the HIV-infected community.It is also important to point out the limitations of studies so that further studies are not compromised.
Architecture and Applications of wireless Smart Cameras (Networks) (2007)

A network of (wireless smart) cameras can analyse the scene from different views. Wireless smart cameras challenge the hardware for low-power consumption and high imaging performance. In this paper we introduce a wireless smart camera based on an SIMD video-analysis processor and an 8051 microcontroller as a local host. Wireless communication is through the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. The camera constructed in this paper is to enable application research into distributed smart camera systems.
Quantitative discrimination of 16 S rRNA genes of Dehalococcoides species by MagSNiPer, a quantitative single‐nucleotide‐polymorphism genotyping method (2008)

Previously we developed MagSNiPer, an SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) genotyping method. In the present paper we show development of an automated system for MagSNiPer, namely MagSNiPer Station, and its application for quantitative discrimination of Dehalococcoides species, which perform anaerobic dechlorination of chloroethenes. MagSNiPer Station is equipped with a thermal cycler, a tip stand, a microtitre-plate automated stacker, an eight-channel tip dispenser, a magnetic separation unit for Magtration technology, and a chemiluminescence detector. It can automatically perform all processes required for SNP genotyping by MagSNiPer. A primer was designed for discriminating single nucleotide difference between 16 S rRNA genes of Dehalococcoides ethenogenes and Dehalococcoides BAV1. Chemiluminescence intensities for the 16 S rRNA genes obtained by MagSNiPer were proportional to their quantity. MagSNiPer analysis of 16 S rRNA genes amplified on the DNA purified from groundwater gave a ratio of these two 16 S rRNA genes similar to that obtained by cloning and sequencing. MagSNiPer is much easier, more rapid and more cost-effective than conventional sequencing. Compared with denaturing gradient-gel electrophoresis, MagSNiPer has the advantage of being quantitative. Therefore, by applying MagSNiPer at several sites where single base differences exist among Dehalococcoides species, it is possible to analyse Dehalococcoides consortia with ease, yielding useful information on anaerobic bioremediation of chloroethenes.
Promoter methylation of Wnt-antagonists in polypoid and nonpolypoid colorectal adenomas (2013)

Methylation of Wnt-pathway antagonists represents an additional mechanism of constitutive Wnt-pathway activation in colorectal adenomas. Current results further substantiate the existence of partially alternative Wnt-pathway disruption mechanisms in nonpolypoid compared to polypoid adenomas, in line with previous observations.
Measurement of azimuthal correlations of D mesons with charged particles in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s}=7$$ s = 7 TeV and p–Pb collisions at $${\sqrt{{{s}}_{\scriptscriptstyle {\mathrm{NN}}}}}=5.02$$ s NN = 5.02 TeV (2017)

The azimuthal correlations of D mesons with charged particles were measured with the ALICE apparatus in pp collisions at [Formula: see text] and p-Pb collisions at [Formula: see text] at the Large Hadron Collider. [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] mesons and their charge conjugates with transverse momentum [Formula: see text] and rapidity in the nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass system [Formula: see text] (pp collisions) and [Formula: see text] (p-Pb collisions) were correlated to charged particles with [Formula: see text]. The yield of charged particles in the correlation peak induced by the jet containing the D meson and the peak width are compatible within uncertainties in the two collision systems. The data are described within uncertainties by Monte-Carlo simulations based on PYTHIA, POWHEG, and EPOS 3 event generators.
Soliton and solitary fiber lasers (1993)

Kerr-type all-optical switches and semiconductor saturable absorbers are now well established as the two possible passive modelocking elements in fiber lasers.