gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Studies on Mouse Sperm Binding Molecule (Ligand) to Egg Zona Pellucida. II. Purification of Ligand Molecule from Cauda Epididymal Sperm. (1991)

One of the ligand molecules was purified from mouse cauda epididymal sperm for an indication of its inhibitory activity in sperm-egg binding. It was isolated in an electrophoretically homogeneous form by ionophore A23187 treatment of sperm, sedimentation by ultracentrifugation, solubilization by 2% Nonidet P-40 (NP-40), repeated ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B and gel filtration on Sephacryl S-200. The purified ligand exhibited a molecular mass of 60,000 dalton by gel filtration and 67,000 dalton by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). This molecule was radioiodinated by the lactoperoxidase method and assayed the binding ability to egg zona pellucida. The labeled ligand specifically bound to both cumulus-free egg zona pellucida and isolated-zona pellucida of unfertilized egg in a similar extent, but didn't bind to 2-cell egg zona pellucida. The maximal binding site of ligand per egg zona pellucida was estimated about 660000 molecules by Scatchard plot analysis.
MICROFLUIDIC INTEGRATION OF PARALLEL LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (2011)

Here we report the development of a fully integrated microfluidic chromatography system: A novel column geometry solves a long-standing problem in on-chip separations. This geometry facilitates the rapid and high yield stacking of multiple bead columns in poly(dimethylsiloxane) PDMS microfluidic devices using low pressure flow. Microcolumns are integrated with on-chip plumbing to enable fully automated sample loading, programmable gradient generation, gradient storage, separation, and fluorescent detection. We demonstrate this system in the high resolution separation of fluorescently labelled DNA using a strong anion exchange (SAX) resin.
Stereochemical mechanism of the cleavage reaction catalysed by bovine intestinal mucosa 5′-nucleotide phosphodiesterase (1986)

Conference Article| December 01 1986 Stereochemical mechanism of the cleavage reaction catalysed by bovine intestinal mucosa 5′-nucleotide phosphodiesterase JANE H. CUMMINS; JANE H. CUMMINS 1Department of Chemistry, Leicester University, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar BARRY V. L. POTTER BARRY V. L. POTTER * *To whom correspondence should be addressed. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1986) 14 (6): 1289–1290. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0141289 Article history Received: May 22 1986 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation JANE H. CUMMINS, BARRY V. L. POTTER; Stereochemical mechanism of the cleavage reaction catalysed by bovine intestinal mucosa 5′-nucleotide phosphodiesterase. Biochem Soc Trans 1 December 1986; 14 (6): 1289–1290. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0141289 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: AMPS, adenosine 5′-phosphorothioate This content is only available as a PDF. © 1986 Biochemical Society1986 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Making Applications Persistent at Run-time (2007)

Persistence is a common requirement in many applications. In existing systems, persistence is added to an application at either compile or deployment time by using a variety of mechanisms. In this paper we extend the notion of orthogonal persistence to make it dynamic: persistence becomes not only an orthogonal concern but one that can be added to an application at run-time without interrupting its operations.
Heterogeneous integration of InGaN and Silicon solar cells for enhanced energy harvesting (2012)

We report here enhanced solar energy harvesting using a hybrid solar cell with silicon solar cells (visible-infrared light) on bottom and an InGaN solar cell (UV light) on top. The InGaN solar cell with 30 QW periods has peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 40 % at 380 nm, an open circuit voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">oc</sub> ) of 2.0 V, a short circuit current (I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sc</sub> ) of 0.8 mA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , and fill factor of 55%. We have demonstrated that the application of an InGaN “active window” to a silicon solar cell counterbalances the encapsulation power loss typically suffered during production of a solar panel.
Coupling Experiment and Simulation in Electromagnetic Forming Using Photon Doppler Velocimetry (2008)

Modeling electromagnetic forming processes is in many ways simpler than modeling traditional metal forming processes. In electromagnetic forming the problem is often dominated by inertial acceleration by a magnetic field. This is a much better posed problem than the more traditional ones that are often dominated by complex three dimensional constitutive behavior and frictional effects. However, important aspects of the problem are dominated by the constitutive properties of the material, and often electromagnetic forming is performed in a regime where there is little reliable material strength data. Strain rates are often high (10 2 to 10 4 s -1 is the typical range for electromagnetic forming). Also, heat is generated both by ohmic heating as well as by plastic deformation, and peak temperatures can be quite high. Also, while hightemperature, high-strain-rate data is scarce, there is little or no data in cases where temperature rises significantly over very short times (tens of micro-seconds) as happens in electromagnetic metal forming. This rapid temperature rise is very important to the material response because the short time scales largely preclude the material from recovery and recrystallization processes and precipitates cannot dissolve as they normally would in an age-hardening alloy in these time scales. This presentation will show how advanced instrumentation, particularly the Photon Doppler Velocimeter (PDV) can be coupled with electromagnetic forming and provide both avenues to characterize material as well as to provide very critical tests of numerical models of the process.
Physical aging and solvent effects on the fracture of LaRC-TPI adhesives (1992)

When amorphous materials are quenched below their glass transition temperature, excess enthalpy is trapped in the glassy material because the viscosity is too great to allow the material to remain in volumetric equilibrium. Over time, this excess free volume is reduced as the material slowly approaches its equilibrium configuration. This process, known as physical aging, leads to substantial changes in the constitutive behavior of polymers, as has been widely discussed in the literature. Less is known about the effects of this physical aging process on fracture and fatigue properties of aged materials. The original goal of the summer was to investigate the effects of physical aging on the fracture and fatigue behavior of LaRC-TPI, a thermoplastic polyimide developed at NASA-Langley. Preliminary results are reported, although a lack of equipment availability prevented completion of this task. In the process of making specimens, the current LaRC-TPI was observed to be extremely susceptible to environmental stress cracking. A study of the unique failure patterns resulting from this degradation process in bonded joints was conducted and is also reported herein.
The Impact of Hydrogen Valence on Its Bonding and Transport in Molten Fluoride Salts (2020)

Interest in molten salts has increased significantly over the last decade due to their potential application in various clean-energy technologies including hydrogen generation, solar heat storage, and advanced nuclear power plants. In the development of new molten salt-based fission and fusion systems, controlling hydrogen poses a critical challenge due to its ability to corrode structural materials as 3H+, and its potential to cause significant radioactive release as diffusive 3H0. Yet, the chemistry and transport behavior of the hydrogen species remain poorly understood despite several decades of research. Using ab initio molecular dynamics, we present a coupled examination of hydrogen valence, speciation and transport in the prototypical salts 66.6%LiF-33.3¾F2 (Flibe) and 46.5%LiF-11.5%NaF-42%KF (Flinak). We discovered significant differences between 3H0 and 3H+transport behaviors. 3H+ diffuses 2-4 times slower than 3H0, which can be ascribed to hydrogen bonding and complexation in solution. This work helps explain varying experimental results and provides useful species transport data for designing hydrogen control systems for molten salts.
When the robot considers the human (2011)

This paper addresses some key decisional issues that are necessary for a cognitive robot which shares space and tasks with a human. We adopt a constructive approach based on the identification and the effective implementation of individual and collaborative skills. The system is comprehensive since it aims at dealing with a complete set of abilities articulated so that the robot controller is effectively able to conduct in a flexible manner a collaborative task with a human partner. These abilities include geometric reasoning and situation assessment based essentially on perspective-taking and affordances, management and exploitation of each agent (hu-man and robot) knowledge in a separate cognitive model, human-aware task planning and human and robot interleaved plan achievement.
The Synthetic Cannabinoid Chemical Arms Race and Its Effect on Pain Medication Monitoring (2018)

An investigation of C18 and phenyl-hexyl column chemistries for definitive identification of 13 synthetic cannabinoid metabolites in patient samples.
Abstract 14662: Targeted Delivery of an Anti-miR to Cardiomyocytes Using Ultrasound and Microbubbles Suppresses Hypertrophy (2015)

Introduction: MicroRNAs (miRs) are dysregulated in various cardiovascular diseases and anti-miRs have been developed to therapeutically inhibit the activity of specific miRs. An anti-miR against miR-23a suppressed hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy in preclinical models, but clinical translation is limited by a lack of targeted cardiac delivery systems. Ultrasound (US) targeted microbubble (MB) destruction (UTMD) is a novel therapeutic delivery platform that utilizes MBs as nucleic acid carriers. We hypothesized that UTMD-mediated delivery of anti-miR-23a suppresses cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and assessed UTMD-mediated functional delivery of anti-miR-23a to cultured cardiomyocytes (CMs) in vitro to lay the groundwork for future in vivo translational studies. Methods: Neonatal CMs were isolated from hearts of 1 to 2 day old Sprague Dawley rats. MBs were loaded with LNA-modified negative control anti-miR (NC) or anti-miR-23a, added to CM cultures (anti-miR concentration 300 pM) and insonified with a clinical US imaging system (1.3 MHz, MI setting=1.6). CMs were exposed to 100 μM phenylephrine (PE) to induce hypertrophy. Levels of miR-23a and FOXO3a (miR-23a target) were assessed by qRT-PCR 48 hr after UTMD and normalized to that in NC treated CMs. To quantify hypertrophy, CM surface areas pre- and post-PE were measured by a blinded observer. Results: UTMD treatment with anti-miR-23a knocked down CM miR-23a levels by 51 ± 24% compared to UTMD treatment with NC (N=5-6 per group, p &lt; 0.01). Expression of FOXO3a mRNA (miR-23a target) was 47 ± 16% higher following UTMD-mediated anti-miR-23a delivery compared to NC (N=3 per group, p &lt; 0.05). The increase in CM surface area upon PE exposure was 22 ± 13% less with UTMD-mediated anti-miR-23a delivery compared to NC (N=3 per group, p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study of UTMD-mediated modulation of miR levels in cardiac tissue with an anti-miR. UTMD mediated delivery of anti-miR-23a to CMs caused knockdown of miR-23a levels, restored expression of downstream target mRNA levels, and suppression of CM hypertrophy. These results lay important groundwork for future in vivo studies leading to targeted clinical strategies to therapeutically modulate miRNA activity in the human heart.
Operating Strategy of Chemical Looping Systems with Varied Reducer and Combustor Pressures (2019)

In chemical looping technology when applied to gasification, reforming, and chemical syntheses, the operating pressure is an important factor that dictates the reactant conversion and product formation economics of the technology for the processes. Common consideration of the operating pressure for the chemical looping system that includes reducer/fuel reactor and combustor/air reactor operation is based on the condition in which the reducer and the combustor are operated under similar pressures. This study considers another operating condition, characterizing the Fan chemical looping system, where the reducer and the combustor are operated under different pressures while solids are continuously or discontinuously circulating through the loop system. As an example, the chemical looping natural gas conversion to syngas with the eventual production of liquid fuels is given in this study. This example illustrates the thermodynamic limits and their associated compression duty with chemical looping syngas production at pressures between 1 and 30 atm, with a goal of obtaining syngas suitable for cobalt based Fischer–Tropsch synthesis at 30 atm. The adaptation of thermodynamic operating conditions to maximize syngas yield and balance between the syngas compression and the air compression are discussed in this study over a range of operating pressures and temperatures. Further, a novel operating strategy characterized by differential operating pressures between the fuel reactor and the air reactor in a continuous solid flow system is presented. Such a strategy allows the fuel reactor to operate at elevated pressures, closer to the syngas requirements of downstream units, while the air reactor operates near the ambient pressure conditions. This strategy has broad implications for other process system applications such as reaction–regeneration and adsorption–desorption processes where pressure variations are a key part of the optimum operation considerations. Considering the cost of the key components of the system including the reactors, valves, and compressors, such a strategy is shown to reduce the capital cost for the chemical looping system by 29% compared to equal pressure chemical looping reforming.
Small Molecule Targeting Malaria Merozoite Surface Protein-1 (MSP-1) Prevents Host Invasion of Divergent Plasmodial Species (2014)

Malaria causes nearly 1 million deaths annually. Recent emergence of multidrug resistance highlights the need to develop novel therapeutic interventions against human malaria. Given the involvement of sugar binding plasmodial proteins in host invasion, we set out to identify such proteins as targets of small glycans. Combining multidisciplinary approaches, we report the discovery of a small molecule inhibitor, NIC, capable of inhibiting host invasion through interacting with a major invasion-related protein, merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1). This interaction was validated through computational, biochemical, and biophysical tools. Importantly, treatment with NIC prevented host invasion by Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax--major causative organisms of human malaria. MSP-1, an indispensable antigen critical for invasion and suitably localized in abundance on the merozoite surface represents an ideal target for antimalarial development. The ability to target merozoite invasion proteins with specific small inhibitors opens up a new avenue to target this important pathogen.
Size and morphology controllable core cross‐linked self‐aggregates from poly(ethylene glycol‐b‐succinimide) copolymers (2010)

Abstract We developed a simple route to prepare stabilized micelles and nanovesicles in aqueous solutions. A hydrophobic poly(succinimide) (PSI) was conjugated with the hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as a new type of cross‐linkable unit. Spherical aggregates were formed when dissolving the amphiphilic PEG 682 ‐ b ‐PSI 130 copolymer in aqueous solutions directly, and polymer nanovesicles were prepared by a precipitation‐dialysis method using PEG 455 ‐ b ‐PSI 130 copolymer. Bifunctional primary amine was added to the micelle or nanovesicle solutions to prepare cross‐linked structures via aminolysis reaction of the succinimide units. The degree of cross‐linking was controlled by adjusting the molar ratio of the cross‐linker to the succinimide units. Increasing the degree of cross‐linking leads to the compaction of the micelle core thus reduced diameter. The cross‐linked polymer micelles or nanovesicles maintained their morphology in extremely diluted solutions because of their structural stability. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
Reversible photodissociation and thermal binding of carbon dioxide in oxo-bridged copper dimers (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReversible photodissociation and thermal binding of carbon dioxide in oxo-bridged copper dimersMaher. Henary and Jeffrey I. ZinkCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 16, 5582–5583Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00224a059https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00224a059research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views177Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nanostructure‐Derived Antireflectivity in Leafhopper Brochosomes (2023)

Understanding how insect‐derived biomaterials interact with light has led to new advances and interdisciplinary insights in entomology and physics. Leafhoppers are insects that coat themselves with highly ordered biological nanostructures known as brochosomes. Brochosomes are thought to provide a range of protective properties to leafhoppers, such as hydrophobicity and antireflectivity, which has inspired the development of synthetic brochosomes that mimic their structures. Despite recent progress, the high antireflective properties of brochosome structures are not fully understood. Herein, a combination of experiments and computational modeling is used to understand the structure‐, material‐, and polarization‐dependent optical properties of brochosomes modeled on the geometries found in three leafhopper species. The results qualitatively represent that light interference interaction with nanostructures naturally occurring in brochosomes is responsible for the spectral tuning and the asymmetric line shape of the reflectance spectra. Whereas prior work has focused on the computational modeling of idealized pitted particles, this work shows that light–matter interactions with brochosome structures can be tuned by varying the geometry of their cage‐like nanoscale features and by changing the arrangement of multiparticle assemblies. Broadly, this work establishes principles for the guided design of new optically active materials inspired by these unique insect nanostructures.
High Performance Cold Climate Heat Pump (CCHP) – Final Report (2015)

In the U. S., there are approximately 2.6 million dwellings that use electricity for heating in very cold and cold regions with an annual energy consumption of 0.16 quads. A high performance cold climate heat pump (CCHP) would result in significant savings over current technologies (> 70% compared to strip heating). It can result in an annual primary energy savings of 0.1 Quads when fully deployed, which is equivalent to 5.9 million tons of annual CO2 emissions reduction. The outcome of this project is the development of a split system, cold climate heat pump (CCHP) providing 36,000 Btu/hr (10.6 kW) heating capacity with a COP > 4.0 (at the 47°F (8.3°C) AHRI rating condition) and maximum efficiency degradation of 50% and capacity loss of 25% at -13°F (-25°C) ambient conditions. Between 2012 and 2015, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and Emerson Climate Technologies engaged in a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) to develop a high efficiency, cold climate heat pump for the US residential market. We went through an exhaustive technologies survey to select energy efficient and cost-effective components. We conducted in-depth engineering design and building energy modeling, based on the ORNL Heat Pump Design Model (HPDM) and EnergyPlus, by which we made the final choices.
Microwave Effect in the Fast Synthesis of Microporous Materials: Which Stage Between Nucleation and Crystal Growth is Accelerated by Microwave Irradiation? (2007)

Microporous materials, such as silicalite-1 and VSB-5 molecular sieves, have been synthesized by both microwave irradiation (MW) and conventional electric heating (CE). The accelerated syntheses by microwave irradiation can be quantitatively investigated by various heating modes conducted in two steps such as MW-MW, MW-CE, CE-MW, and CE-CE (in the order of nucleation-crystal growth). In the case of synthesis by MW-CE or CE-MW, the heating modes were changed for the second step just after the appearance of X-ray diffraction peaks in the first step. We have quantitatively demonstrated that the microwave irradiation accelerates not only the nucleation but also crystal growth. However, the contribution to decrease the synthesis time by microwave irradiation is larger in the nucleation stage than in the step of crystal growth. The crystal size increases in the order of MW-MW<MW-CE approximately CE-MW<CE-CE synthesis. The fast crystal growth and small crystal size observed in the synthesis from microwave-nucleated precursor can be explained in terms of the fact that the microwave-nucleated samples have higher population of nuclei with smaller size than the samples nucleated by conventional heating.