gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cosmological parameters from the first results of Boomerang (2001)

The anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation contains information about the contents and history of the universe. We report new limits on cosmological parameters derived from the angular power spectrum measured in the first Antarctic flight of the Boomerang experiment. Within the framework of models with adiabatic perturbations, and using only weakly restrictive prior probabilities on the age of the universe and the Hubble expansion parameter h, we find that the curvature is consistent with flat and that the primordial fluctuation spectrum is consistent with scale invariant, in agreement with the basic inflation paradigm. We find that the data prefer a baryon density ${\ensuremath{\Omega}}_{b}{h}^{2}$ above, though similar to, the estimates from light element abundances and big bang nucleosynthesis. When combined with large scale structure observations, the Boomerang data provide clear detections of both dark matter and dark energy contributions to the total energy density ${\ensuremath{\Omega}}_{\mathrm{tot}},$ independent of data from high-redshift supernovae.
A Probable Unexplored Meteorite Fall Found in Archived Weather Radar Data (2011)

Introduction: The U.S. national weather radar network (commonly called NEXRAD) operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has shown to be a useful resource for identifying and charactering meteorite falls [1,2]. To date, numerous falls have been identified in NEXRAD radar imagery to include Park Forest IL, Portales Valley NM, Grimsby ONT, the “Ash Creek” fall outside West, TX, Lorton VA, and Mifflin WI. In all of these events, radar data is corroborated by meteorite recovery on the ground, but until now no probable meteorite falls have been found exclusively in radar imagery. We report here the probable discovery of an unexplored meteorite fall as seen in archived radar data. NEXRAD data is archived as far back as 1992 and the event detailed here advances the hypothesis that meteorite falls that would otherwise go undiscovered can be located by searching through archived radar data. Description: A few minutes before 8pm CST on the evening of 04 February 2007 (≈0200 05 Feb 07 UTC), eyewitnesses across the Midwest reported a bright meteor traveling roughly NW to SE. This event was eye-catching to the point that 53 individual eyewitness reports were recorded by the American Meteor Society on their web page, but no meteorites have been reported to date. A Google Earth overlay showing the locations of the eyewitnesses seems to indicate that the fireball occurred in the vicinity of the corner shared by Iowa, Missouri and Illinois (Figure 1). NEXRAD radar data show a significant fall event just north of the town of Jacksonville, IL. Reflectivity data indicate falling material (i.e. reflection signatures appearing initially at high altitude and proceeding to lower altitudes) and two apparent turbulence vortices are seen in Storm Relative Velocity (SRV) data products of the event. These apparent vortices are seen as contiguous, paired velocity values of high magnitude and opposite direction, indicating a localized “swirl” or atmospheric turbulence possibly caused by the passage of a “large” falling body. Both the falling nature of the reflectivity data and the presence of vortices are signatures of meteorite falls and have been seen in all major meteorite falls observed in radar data to date. In all, the Jacksonville event appears on seven separate NEXRAD radars (KDVN, KEAX, KILX, KLOT, KLSX, KIND, and KVWX sites) thus eliminating the possibility that the signature is simply “noise” observed on a single radar. The event occurs within
Exciton diffusion lengths of organic semiconductor thin films measured by spectrally resolved photoluminescence quenching (2009)

We demonstrate spectrally resolved photoluminescence quenching as a means to determine the exciton diffusion length of several archetype organic semiconductors used in thin film devices. We show that aggregation and crystal orientation influence the anisotropy of the diffusion length for vacuum-deposited polycrystalline films. The measurement of the singlet diffusion lengths is found to be in agreement with diffusion by Förster transfer, whereas triplet diffusion occurs primarily via Dexter transfer.
Reactive Solid-Phase Epitaxial Growth of NaxCoO2 (x ∼ 0.83) via Lateral Diffusion of Na into a Cobalt Oxide Epitaxial Layer (2004)

High-quality epitaxial films of layered cobaltite Na0.83CoO2 were successfully grown on (0001)-oriented α-Al2O3 substrate by reactive solid-phase epitaxy using CoO epitaxial layer and NaHCO3 powder. First, the thermal oxidation of the CoO film into Co3O4 occurs at a lower temperature (300−500 °C), then a Na0.83CoO2 epitaxial layer formed via lateral diffusion of Na+ ions together with oxide ions into Co3O4 layers.
Band widening of piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters by utilizing mechanical stoppers and magnets (2015)

This paper presents a design of a piezoelectric hardening-type nonlinear vibration energy harvester which has widened resonance band while maintaining the same peak performance at the resonance frequency as that of the reference linear harvester. To this end, a pair of mechanical stoppers and a pair of repulsive magnets are introduced in this study. An experimental prototype device is designed by using a stainless steel-based piezoelectric cantilever, and numerical simulations and experiments are conducted to examine the validity of the presented design strategy. It is concluded that using the magnets to shift the resonance peak toward the lower frequency and using stoppers to expanding the resonance band toward the higher frequency can broaden the resonance band effectively maintaining the peak response. The damping due to the contact of the tip mass with the stopper is one of the key parameters which should be as small as possible to enhance the band widening effect.
An antibiotic releasing contact lens (2009)

Abstract Purpose To characterize a drug‐eluting contact lens designed to release ciprofloxacin to the eye in a controlled manner for an extended period of time. Methods Thin fiilms, containing ciprofloxacin or fluorescein encapsulated in PLGA (Poly[lactic‐co‐glycolic acid]), were coating by pHEMA (poly[hydroxyethyl methacrylate]) by ultraviolet light polymerization, creating prototype contact lenses. The films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Release studies were conducted in phosphate buffered saline at 37°C with continuous shaking. Ciprofloxacin eluted from the contact lens was studied in an antimicrobial assay to verify antimicrobial effectiveness. Results Ciprofloxacin and fluorescein were released from the contact lenses in a controlled manner, demonstrating zero‐order release kinetics under infinite sink conditions for over 4 weeks. The rate of drug release was controlled by modifying either the ratio of drug to PLGA or the molecular weight of the PLGA employed. Both the PLGA and the pHEMA affected release kinetics. Ciprofloxacin released from the contact lenses inhibited ciprofloxacin‐sensitive Staphylococcus aureus at all time‐points tested. Conclusion A thin drug‐PLGA film coated with pHEMA could potentially be used to create contact lenses which can serve as a platform for ocular delivery of antibiotics and other medications, with widespread therapeutic applications.
Bench-Scale Demonstration of an Integrated deSoot-deNOx System (2001)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A catalytic deSoot-deNOx system, comprising Pt and Ce fuel additives, a Pt impregnated wall-flow monolith soot filter and a vanadia-type monolithic NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; - SCR catalyst, was tested with a 2 cylinder DI diesel engine. The soot removal efficiency of the filter was 98-99% (mass), the balance temperature (stationary pressure drop) was 315 °C at an engine load of 55%. The NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;-emission at high loads is around 15% lower than those of engine running without fuel additives. The NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; conversion ranged from 40 to 73%, at a NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;/NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; ratio of 0.9, both measured at a GHSV of 52,000 l/l/h. The maximum NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; conversion was obtained at 400 °C. No deactivation was observed after 380 h time on stream.&lt;/div&gt;
Non-intrusive load identification for smart outlets (2014)

An increasing interest in energy-efficiency combined with the decreasing cost of embedded networked sensors is lowering the cost of outlet-level metering. If these trends continue, new buildings in the near future will be able to install “smart” outlets, which monitor and transmit an outlets power usage in real time, for nearly the same cost as conventional outlets. One problem with the pervasive deployment of smart outlets is that users must currently identify the specific device plugged into each meter, and then manually update the outlets meta-data in software whenever a new device is plugged into the outlet. Correct meta-data is important in both interpreting historical outlet energy data and using the data for building management. To address this problem, we propose Non-Intrusive Load Identification (NILI), which automatically identifies the device attached to a smart outlet without any human intervention. In particular, in our approach to NILI, we identify an intuitive and simple-to-compute set of features from time-series energy data and then employ well-known classifiers. Our results achieve accuracy of over 90% across 15 device types on outlet-level energy traces collected from multiple real homes.
Dust particle growth instabilities: amplitude evolution and Laser Induced Fluorescence investigations (2013)

Poster
High performance sensor-less injection force control considering friction phenomenon (2010)

Recently, many of plastic products are mostly manufactured using injection molding machines. The quality of plastic products depends on the injection force. In a general force control system of the injection molding machine, the force information from the environment is detected by a force sensor. However, the force sensors present problems related to signal noise, sensor cost, narrow bandwidth, and other factors. We have proposed the reaction torque observer using two-inertia resonant model in our previous works. In the conventional estimation method, some estimated error causes at the pressure keeping process and the backing pressure process by the influence of nonlinear characteristics. The estimation accuracy of the state observer depends on the system identification because the actual system has the parameter variation and non-linear friction phenomenon. In this paper, we propose the new estimation method in which the influence of nonlinear factor is considered for high performance sensor-less force control. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed by the simulation and experimental results.
Synthesis and Complexation Behavior of the Functionalized Tripodal Phosphane cis,cis‐1,3,5‐Tris(cyano)‐1,3,5‐tris(diphenylphosphanyl)‐cyclohexane (tdppcycn) (1995)

Abstract The synthesis of the novel potentially bistripodal ligand cis‐cis ‐1,3,5‐tris(cyano)‐1,3,5‐tris(diphenylphosphanyl)cyclohexane (tdppcycn) ( 6 ) is described. Starting from the tricarboxylic acid cis,cis ‐1,3,5‐C 6 H 9 (COOH) 3 ( 1 ), which is converted stepwise into the triacid chloride cis,cis ‐1,3,5‐C 6 H 9 (COCl) 3 ( 2 ), the triphenyl ester cis,cis ‐1,3,5‐C 6 H 9 (COOPh) 3 ( 3 ), the tricarboxamide cis,cis ‐1,3,5‐C 6 H 9 (CONH 2 ) 3 ( 4 ), and the tricarbonitrile cis,cis ‐1,3,5‐C 6 H 9 (CN) 3 ( 5 ), we obtained tdppcycn ( 6 ) by α‐deprotonation of 5 followed by treatment with ClPPh 2 in good yield. Treatment of 6 with Mo(CO) 3 (‐C 7 H 8 ) and Ir(PPh 3 ) 2 (CO)Cl gave octahedral Mo(tdpp‐cycn)(CO) 3 ( 7 ) and pentacoordinate Ir(tdppcycn)(CO)Cl ( 8 ), respectively, with a facially P‐coordinated tdppcycn ligand. The stereochemistry of compounds 2–8 was established by 1 H‐, 13 C‐, 31 P‐NMR, and IR spectroscopy. An X‐ray crystal structure analysis of complex 8 confirms the trigonal‐bipyramidal ground‐state structure in the solid state.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Targeting the MYC and PI3K Pathways Eliminates Leukemia-Initiating Cells in T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Cellular and biochemical effects of JQ1 in T-ALL.&lt;/p&gt;
High-speed CdS0.2Se0.8photoconductor and its application to line-image sensors (1986)

The photoelectric properties of CdS <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</inf> Se <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> (x = 0.4-1.0) photoconductor-type sensors were measured. The sensors were made by heat-treating an evaporated film under the influence of CdCl <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> vapor. The photocurrent J <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p</inf> is large, and the dark current J <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</inf> is small; the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S/N</tex> ratio derived from the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">J_{p}/J_{d}</tex> ratio reaches a value of more than 60 dB. With increasing <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</tex> , the decay time of the photocurrent decreases, while the rise time increases. By addition of continuous light bias, the rise time is drastically reduced. Furthermore, the decay time is reduced by increasing the applied voltage. These effects are pronounced for a CdS <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.2</inf> Se <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.8</inf> sensor. Using this sensor, we constructed a contact-type line-image sensor (8 bits/mm, 1728 bits), and attained a scanning rate of 1 ms/line and a total time of about 2 s for reading an ISO A4 size document. The reading was performed under an application of 20 V, and an illumination of 7.5-µW/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> light bias and 15 µW/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> (∼100 lux) signal light using LED light sources (570 nm).
Photoresist Chemical Mechanical Polishing for Shallow Trench Isolation (1998)

We investigated the chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) characteristics of photoresist for the first time. It was found that photoresist polishing rates are strongly dependent on photoresist baking temperature. The photoresist polishing rate exceeded 7000 nm/min, which is 87 times higher than the value for SiO 2 , after baking at 170°C, but matched that of SiO 2 after baking at 220°C at a polishing pressure of 230 g/cm 2 . The photoresist polishing rate after baking at 240°C was lower than that of SiO 2 . Using these photoresist CMP characteristics, a simple shallow trench isolation (STI) process was achieved.
Effects of a New Calcium Channel Blocker, KB‐2796, on Protein Synthesis of the CA1 Pyramidal Cell and Delayed Neuronal Death Following Transient Forebrain Ischemia (1989)

The effects of a new calcium channel blocker, 1-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-4-(2,3,4-trimethoxybenzyl)-piperazine dihydrochloride (KB-2796), on delayed neuronal death (DND) in the hippocampus were examined in gerbils in comparison with those of pentobarbital and flunarizine. The neuronal density in the hippocampal CA1 subfield was counted on the seventh day of recirculation following 5 min of bilateral carotid occlusion, and protein biosynthesis in the brain was also determined at 1, 2, 4, 24, and 72 h following occlusion. The drugs were intraperitoneally administered after recirculation. KB-2796 (10 mg/kg) significantly prevented DND in the CA1 subfield. Pentobarbital (40 mg/kg), but not flunarizine (3 and 10 mg/kg), inhibited DND. Protein synthetic activity in the CA1 subfield was reduced by ischemia and the reduction was not restored even at 72 h after recirculation. KB-2796 did not ameliorate the reduction of protein synthesis in the CA1 subfield by 24 h after recirculation, but in one of three animals restoration of protein synthesis was observed at 72 h of recirculation. Pentobarbital also restored the reduced protein synthesis in two of three animals at 72 h. These results suggest that calcium influx into neurons participates in the pathogenesis of DND, and also that KB-2796 might prevent both morphological and functional cell damage in CA1 neurons induced by transient ischemia.
Broadband Matching Bounds for Coupled Loads (2015)

The Bode-Fano bounds on the integral over all frequency of the logarithm of the reflection coefficient between a source and a load, connected to each other through a passive matching network, are well-known measures of the bandwidth of the matching network and load. When there are multiple coupled loads being driven by multiple independent sources, the notion of a single reflection coefficient is not obvious since energy delivered to one load port may reflect, in part, out another port. Establishing the maximum possible bandwidth of the matching network and loads requires the development of a broadband matching theory that applies to coupled systems. We define a bandwidth measure for coupled loads based on the integral logarithm of their collective power reflection, and develop upper bounds on this measure. These upper bounds can be used to examine the effects of coupling on bandwidth, and to evaluate the broadband performance of matching networks for an arbitrary number of coupled loads.
ISA247: Quality of Life Results from a Phase II, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study (2008)

ISA247 appears to improve the QoL while also providing effective treatment for chronic, moderate to severe, plaque-type psoriasis.
Fluorescent Guanidinium-Azacarbazole for Oxoanion Binding in Water (2023)

Oxoanions such as carboxylates, phosphates, and sulfates play important roles in both chemistry and biology and are abundant on the cell surface. We report on the synthesis and properties of a rationally designed guanidinium-containing oxoanion binder, 1-guanidino-8-amino-2,7-diazacarbazole (GADAC). GADAC binds to a carboxylate, phosphate, and sulfate in pure water with affinities of 3.6 × 10<sup>4</sup>, 1.1 × 10<sup>3</sup>, and 4.2 × 10<sup>3</sup> M<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Like 2-azacarbazole, which is a natural product that enables scorpions to fluoresce, GADAC is fluorescent in water (λ<sub>abs</sub> = 356 nm, λ<sub>em</sub> = 403 nm, ε = 13,400 M<sup>-1</sup> cm<sup>-1</sup>). The quantum yield of GADAC is pH-sensitive, increasing from Φ = 0.12 at pH 7.4 to Φ = 0.53 at pH 4.0 as a result of the protonation of the aminopyridine moiety. The uptake of GADAC into live human melanoma cells is detectable in the DAPI channel at low micromolar concentrations. Its properties make GADAC a promising candidate for applications in oxoanion binding and fluorescence labeling in biological (e.g., the delivery of cargo into cells) and other contexts.
Determination of the chemical composition of human renal stones with MDCT: influence of the surrounding media (2007)

The selection of the optimal treatment method for urinary stones diseases depends on the chemical composition of the stone and its corresponding fragility. MDCT has become the most used modality to determine rapidly and accurately the presence of stones when evaluating urinary lithiasis treatment. That is why several studies have tempted to determine the chemical composition of the stones based on the stone X-ray attenuation in-vitro and invivo. However, in-vitro studies did not reproduce the normal abdominal wall and fat, making uncertain the standardization of the obtained values. The aim of this study is to obtain X-ray attenuation values (in Hounsfield Units) of the six more frequent types of human renal stones (n=217) and to analyze the influence of the surrounding media on these values. The stones were first placed in a jelly, which X-ray attenuation is similar to that of the human kidney (30 HU at 120 kV). They were then stuck on a grid, scanned in a water tank and finally scanned in the air. Significant differences in CT-attenuation values were obtained with the three different surrounding media (jelly, water, air). Furthermore there was an influence of the surrounding media and consequently discrepancies in determination of the chemical composition of the renal stones. Consequently, CT-attenuation values found in in-vitro studies cannot really be considered as a reference for the determination of the chemical composition except if the used phantom is an anthropomorphic one.
Correction: Expanding medicinal chemistry into 3D space: metallofragments as 3D scaffolds for fragment-based drug discovery (2022)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/C9SC05586J.].
Study of the Electronic Dispersion Compensation for 2.5 and 10 Gb/s Transient and Adiabatic Chirped Directly Modulated Lasers (2007)

In this paper we report the results of the effect of electronic dispersion compensation (EDC) when directly modulated lasers with different chirp characteristics at 2.5 and 10 Gb/s are used. The extracted parameters of directly modulated lasers that were used in this work have been previously verified by simulations and experiments. The performance efficiency of EDC is evaluated in terms of eye opening penalty degradation associated with the signal transmission over standard single mode fiber. Eye opening penalty measurements reveal significant performance improvement for all the examined cases. The transmission limits of standard single mode fiber links using electronic feedforward equalizer and decision feedback equalizer are presented. The benefit of electronic dispersion compensation on directly modulated based systems is that it offers great potential to applications in metro/access networks with high data rates.
Distributed Computing Trade-offs with Random Connectivity (2018)

Trade-offs between distributed computation and communication are recently attracting significant interest; however, these works assume that all nodes that share the distributed computation task are within the same broadcast domain, and each can losslessly broadcast to every other node that takes part in the computation task. In this work, we dispose of this assumption, and consider the case where each node can broadcast to a subset of the nodes that take part in the computation task. We model the network via an Erdos-Renyi random graph model where a pair of nodes can communicate with each other with a probability p. We propose both uncoded and coded transmission schemes and give an achievable communication-computation tradeoff for large computational loads.