gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Composition, Evolution, and Complexation of Dissolved Organic Matter with Heavy Metals in Landfills]. (2017)

Samples of wastes and leachates were collected from a landfill site and a leachate treatment plant[i.e., equalization basin, anaerobic zone, oxidation ditch, and membrane bioreactor (MBR) section]. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) was extracted from the wastes and leachates, and its composition, evolution, and complexation characteristics with heavy metals were studied using UV-Visible and fluorescence spectroscopy combined with<sup>1</sup>H nuclear magnetic resonance. The aliphatic compounds were found to be the main substances in DOM in the fresh landfill wastes (<5 a), and the relative content of aromatics and substituent groups, i.e., carbonyl, hydroxyl, and carboxyl functional groups, decreased during the initial process. On the other hand, carbohydrates and organic amines were observed to be the main substances in DOM obtained from the intermediate and old landfill wastes (>5 a), and the relative content of aromatics and substituent groups (carbonyl, hydroxyl, and carboxyl functional groups) increased persistently during the process of organic matter humification. The aliphatics, carbohydrates, and organic amines all existed in DOM from the equalization basin Carbohydrates and aromatic compounds increased rapidly after the anaerobic, aerobiotic, and membrane treatment. However, low molecular weight organic matter and alkyl chain substances decreased during the leachate treatment process and the side chain of the aliphatics was shortened despite the increase in its content. The distribution of zinc in the wastes and leachates was influenced by the complexation with the nitrogen-and oxygen-containing functional groups, whose effect on other metals was not obvious.
ChemInform Abstract: MULTIPLE METAL‐CARBON BONDS. 11. BISNEOPENTYLIDENE COMPLEXES OF NIOBIUM AND TANTALUM (1978)

Abstract Aus den thermisch relativ stabilen Verbindungen (I) werden in Gegenwart von Liganden wie PMeg oder PMe,Ph über zwei intermediäre Komplexe unter Eliminierung von Neopentan die Bis‐[neopentyliden]‐Derivate (II) erhalten und NMR‐ spektroskopisch charakterisiert.
Around the world: status and prospects with the infrared vortex coronagraph (2018)

editorial reviewed
Modeling of polychromatic attenuation using computed tomography reconstructed images (1999)

This paper presents a procedure for estimating an accurate model of the CT imaging process including spectral effects. As raw projection data are typically unavailable to the end-user, we adopt a post-processing approach that utilizes the reconstructed images themselves. This approach includes errors from x-ray scatter and the nonidealities of the built-in soft tissue correction into the beam characteristics, which is crucial to beam hardening correction algorithms that are designed to be applied directly to CT reconstructed images. We formulate this approach as a quadratic programming problem and propose two different methods, dimension reduction and regularization, to overcome ill conditioning in the model. For the regularization method we use a statistical procedure, Cross Validation, to select the regularization parameter. We have constructed step-wedge phantoms to estimate the effective beam spectrum of a GE CT-I scanner. Using the derived spectrum, we computed the attenuation ratios for the wedge phantoms and found that the worst case modeling error is less than 3% of the corresponding attenuation ratio. We have also built two test (hybrid) phantoms to evaluate the effective spectrum. Based on these test phantoms, we have shown that the effective beam spectrum provides an accurate model for the CT imaging process. Last, we used a simple beam hardening correction experiment to demonstrate the effectiveness of the estimated beam profile for removing beam hardening artifacts. We hope that this estimation procedure will encourage more independent research on beam hardening corrections and will lead to the development of application-specific beam hardening correction algorithms.
Image translation for single-shot focal tomography (2015)

Focus and depth of field are conventionally addressed by adjusting longitudinal lens position. More recently, combinations of deliberate blur and computational processing have been used to extend depth of field. Here we show that dynamic control of transverse and longitudinal lens position can be used to decode focus and extend depth of field without degrading static resolution. Our results suggest that optical image stabilization systems may be used for autofocus, extended depth of field, and 3D imaging.
P1388: EFFECTIVENESS AND SAFETY OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH EBV+ PTLD TREATED WITH ALLOGENEIC EBV-SPECIFIC T-CELL IMMUNOTHERAPY (TABELECLEUCEL) UNDER AN EXPANDED ACCESS PROGRAM IN EUROPE (2023)

Topic: 25. Gene therapy, cellular immunotherapy and vaccination - Clinical Background: Pts with relapsed or refractory (r/r) EBV+ post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) in Europe have had historically poor overall response rates and median overall survival (OS) with no approved treatment options. Tabelecleucel, an off-the-shelf, allogeneic EBV-specific T-cell immunotherapy, has shown clinical benefit and favorable safety profile in the treatment of EBV+ PTLD failing rituximab ± chemotherapy (Prockop EBMT 2021, ATC 2021, ASH 2021, Mahadeo ASH 2022). Its recent European marketing authorization (EMA) represents the first approval of an allogenic T-cell immunotherapy globally. Aims: To report new and updated real-world effectiveness and safety data for r/r EBV+ PTLD pts under an expanded access program (EAP) in Europe. Methods: Atara Bio supported expanded access requests for tabelecleucel in Europe. Here we report on pts who provided consent for research between Sep 2020 and Dec 2022. Results: 74 EAP requests were received from 10 countries for pts with r/r EBV+ diseases. 27 EBV+ PTLD pts consented to secondary use of data and 24 pts had received ≥1 dose of tabelecleucel, including 4 pts with primary central nervous system (PCNS) PTLD. 16 of 24 (66.7%) EBV+ PTLD pts achieved a partial (PR) (33.3%) or complete (CR) (33.3%) response, with median time to response (TTR) of 1.0 (0.8–2.2) mo. Response rate for PCNS PTLD pts was 75% (1 CR, 2 PR). 1-yr OS Kaplan–Meier (KM) estimate rates in EBV+ PTLD were 73.7% (95% CI: 47.3, 88.3) overall, 87.5% in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) and 66.5% in solid organ transplant (SOT), with a median follow-up time of 9.9 (2.4–13.9) and 6.0 (0.7–18.0) mo, respectively. Serious treatment-emergent adverse events (TESAEs) were reported in 7 (29.2%) pts, including 1 fatal event of disease progression. Predefined risks for tabelecleucel were reported in 3 pts; 1 (4.2%) SOT pt had a TESAE of liver transplant rejection (grade 2) and 2 (8.3%) HCT pts had non-serious treatment emergent AEs of chronic graft-versus-host disease (grade 1 and 2). No cases of cytokine release syndrome or tumor flare reaction were reported. No AEs were reported as related to tabelecleucel by the treating physician.Summary/Conclusion: These real-world results for pts with r/r EBV+ PTLD post-HCT or post-SOT, including those with EBV+ PCNS PTLD, treated in the European EAP continue to reinforce the favorable risk:benefit profile of tabelecleucel and are in line with clinical study data supporting its recent EMA approval. Keywords: Immune therapy, Real world data, Epstein barr virus, Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder
Development of efficient models of Magnetic Braking Systems of railway vehicles (2015)

In modern railway vehicles, the use of Magnetic Braking Systems is continuously increasing, because they are characterized by high braking performances and low energy consumptions. Hence, the study and the accurate modelling of Magnetic Braking Systems is a very important issue, because they significantly affect the dynamics of vehicle and electrical supply circuit. Usually, the performances of Magnetic Braking Systems are evaluated on test-rigs in order to reduce times and costs of testing phases. For this reason, the authors focus on the development of a complete 3D model of Magnetic Brake System test-rig (built in COMSOL), including all the electromagnetic, circuital and mechanical parts. These parts are often studied separately in the literature; however, a combined analysis is crucial to correctly describe the behaviour of the whole system. The proposed model is highly modular (to describe different Magnetic Brake System test-rig layouts characterized by a different number of magnetic polar expansions) and aims at obtaining a compromise between accuracy and numerical efficiency. Subsequently, a second simplified lumped parameter model derived from the complete one and built in MATLAB is developed, to further reduce the computational load without decreasing the results accuracy. In this work, both the models have been developed and validated in collaboration Ferrovie dello Stato and compared with other simplified models present in the literature.
Observation of the Formation Processes of Hollow Voids at the Interface between SiC Film and Si Substrate (1996)

The formation processes of hollow voids which appear at the interface of cubic SiC film/Si substrate are observed using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The cubic SiC films are prepared on a (100) Si substrate which is kept at a temperature ranging from 700°C to 1000°C by means of reactive hydrogen plasma sputtering of a ceramic SiC target. We found that the hollow voids are first formed at lattice defects near the Si substrate surface due to the high reactivity of the defects, and are later formed at reaction zones which form by the film growth nuclei with the Si substrate surface. Formation and growth of the hollow voids are complex processes that depend on conditions such as substrate temperature, areal density of both the lattice defects and the film growth nuclei at the Si substrate surface, and diffusion rate of gas atoms through the growing film.
Cerebral haemodynamics assessed by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography during orthotopic liver transplant. A preliminary report (2005)

Czosnyka, M.; Schmidt, E. A.; Tew, D.; Klink, J. R.; Balestreri, M.; Pickard, J. D.; Matta, B. F. Author Information
Supplementary Figure 2 from PI3K Inhibition Impairs BRCA1/2 Expression and Sensitizes BRCA-Proficient Triple-Negative Breast Cancer to PARP Inhibition (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 208K, PI3K blockade suppresses BRCA1/2 transcription&lt;/p&gt;
Vertical Light-Emitting Diode Fabrication by Controlled Spalling (2013)

A fracture-based layer transfer technique referred to as controlled spalling was used to separate a conventional InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well light-emitting diode (LED) structure from a 50 mm sapphire wafer enabling the formation of vertical spalled LEDs (SLEDs). A 25-µm-thick tensile Ni layer was electrodeposited on the surface of the wafer, followed by the application of a polyimide tape layer. By mechanically guiding the tape layer, a 3-µm-thick layer of the LED epitaxy was removed. Transmission electron microscopy imaging indicated that spalling preserved the quality of the epitaxial layers, and electroluminescence verifies the operation of the SLED.
Computational technology scaling from 32 nm to 28 and 22 nm through systematic layout printability verification (2009)

In this work, we present a novel application of layout printability verification (LPV) to assess the scalability of physical layout components from 32 nm to 28 and 22 nm with respect to process variability metrics. Starting from the description of a mature LPV flow, the paper illustrates the core methodology for deriving a metric for design scalability. The functional dependency between the scalability metric and the scaling factor can then be modeled to study the scaling robustness of a set of representative layouts. Conversely, quantitative data on scalability limits can be used to determine which design rules can be pushed and which must be relaxed in the transition from 32 to 22 nm.
Metabolic N-hydroxylation of pentamidine in vitro (1990)

By using high-performance liquid chromatography, the in vitro conversion of pentamidine to the corresponding amidoximes (N-hydroxypentamidine and N,N'-dihydroxypentamidine) was studied in supernatants of rat liver homogenate centrifuged at 9,000 x g. The presence of the two amidoxime peaks in chromatograms was confirmed by liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry and by unequivocal synthesis of the suspected metabolites. The metabolic reactions were found to be catalyzed by the cytochrome P-450 system (mixed-function oxidases). The formation of the monohydroxylated product was found to have a Km of 0.48 mM and a Vmax of 29.50 pmol/min per mg of protein, while the dihydroxylated metabolite had a Km of 0.73 mM and a Vmax of 4.10 pmol/min per mg of protein. N,N'-Dihydroxypentamidine was found to have highly reduced antiprotozoal activity in vitro relative to that of pentamidine, and neither of the hydroxylated metabolites nor pentamidine was found to be significantly mutagenic by the Ames test. Contrary to previous reports, pentamidine is readily metabolized to at least two hydroxylated products, and this conversion may be relevant to the clinical use of the compound and to future drug design.
Characterization of large nano-polycrystalline diamond synthesized by direct conversion of graphite (2008)

P63mc) and 80K (P63mc ---Cmc21). In the P63mc phase, the V(1) O6 octahedra form trimers with a regular triangular shape, below 80K they distort into isosceles triangles [1]. Below 64.2K, NaV6O11 exhibits a uniaxial magnetic anisotropy [2]. We performed lowtemperature (down to 8 K at 10 -4 GPa) and high-pressure (up to 8.06 GPa at 298 K) powder and single-crystal x-ray diffraction in the home laboratory and at different synchrotron sources and could confirm the stability of the Cmc21 phase from 80 to 8 K. The high pressure data show that the hexagonal lattice is stable at least to 8.06 GPa at T = 298 K. The refinement of the single-crystal data based on symmetry mode analysis indicates the P63/mmc ---P63mc phase transition below 1 GPa. The volume of the V(1)O6 octahedron is almost independent of the pressure. The V(2)O6 octahedron expands, while the V(3)O5 polyhedron shrinks on compression. In addition, the V(2)-V(2) distance shrinks. These observations indicate possible pressure-induced electron transfer from the V(3) to the V(2) cations. Symmetry mode analysis may serve as an aid for the restricted refinement of diffraction data with a small reflection-to-parameter ratio. As high-pressure data generally suffer from this problem, the potential of this method will be explored.
Pyrimidine Methyl Anilines: Selective Potentiators for the Metabotropic Glutamate 2 Receptor (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
RAPID BRIDGE DECK REPLACEMENT WITH EXODERMIC DECK PANELS (1997)

An exodermic deck is constructed from an unfilled steel grid composite with a reduced depth reinforced concrete slab that is either precast or cast-in-place on top of it. The modular and lightweight nature of this design makes it particularly well suited to rapid deck replacement. Many bridge re-decking projects are located in congested metropolitan areas, carrying traffic in excess of original design capacity. Any bridge work that disrupts the normal flow of traffic leads to major congestion and delays and increases the chances for accidents. A number of exodermic deck projects have been completed at night with precast panels, with the entire structure open to daytime traffic.
Partitioning Orders in Online Shopping Services (2017)

The rapid growth of the Internet has led to the widespread use of newer and richer models of online shopping and delivery services. The race to efficient large scale on-demand delivery has transformed such services into complex networks of shoppers (typically working in the stores), stores, and consumers. The efficiency of processing orders in stores is critical to the profitability of the business model. Motivated by this setting, we consider the following problem: given a set of shopping orders each consisting of a few items, how to best partition the orders among a given number of shoppers working for an online shopping service? Formulating this as an optimization problem, we propose a family of simple and efficient algorithms that admit natural constraints such as number of items a shopper can process in this setting. In addition to showing provable guarantees for the algorithms, we also demonstrate their efficiency in practice on real-world data, outperforming strong baselines.
Metagenomics-Based, Strain-Level Analysis of Escherichia coli From a Time-Series of Microbiome Samples From a Crohn's Disease Patient (2018)

Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome, including elevated abundance of putative leading bacterial triggers such as <i>E. coli</i> in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, is of great interest. To date, most <i>E. coli</i> studies in IBD patients are focused on clinical isolates, overlooking their relative abundances and turnover over time. Metagenomics-based studies, on the other hand, are less focused on strain-level investigations. Here, using recently developed bioinformatic tools, we analyzed the abundance and properties of specific <i>E. coli</i> strains in a Crohns disease (CD) patient longitudinally, while also considering the composition of the entire community over time. In this report, we conducted a pilot study on metagenomic-based, strain-level analysis of a time-series of <i>E. coli</i> strains in a left-sided CD patient, who exhibited sustained levels of <i>E. coli</i> greater than 100X healthy controls. We: (1) mapped out the composition of the gut microbiome over time, particularly the presence of <i>E. coli</i> strains, and found that the abundance and dominance of specific <i>E. coli</i> strains in the community varied over time; (2) performed strain-level <i>de novo</i> assemblies of seven dominant <i>E. coli</i> strains, and illustrated disparity between these strains in both phylogenetic origin and genomic content; (3) observed that strain ST1 (recovered during peak inflammation) is highly similar to known pathogenic AIEC strains NC101 and LF82 in both virulence factors and metabolic functions, while other strains (ST2-ST7) that were collected during more stable states displayed diverse characteristics; (4) isolated, sequenced, experimentally characterized ST1, and confirmed the accuracy of the <i>de novo</i> assembly; and (5) assessed growth capability of ST1 with a newly reconstructed genome-scale metabolic model of the strain, and showed its potential to use substrates found abundantly in the human gut to outcompete other microbes. In conclusion, inflammation status (assessed by the blood C-reactive protein and stool calprotectin) is likely correlated with the abundance of a subgroup of <i>E. coli</i> strains with specific traits. Therefore, strain-level time-series analysis of dominant <i>E. coli</i> strains in a CD patient is highly informative, and motivates a study of a larger cohort of IBD patients.
Preface of Minisymposium “Fourth Symposium on Mathematical Modelling of Hydrological Sciences” (2019)

The challenges that poses the hydrological sciences require a lot of efforts, especially in the development and improvement of mathematical models. The need to understand deeply the phenomena puts us in the condition of create models that are more accurate, but at the same time increase their simplicity and reliability. It is therefore important to be provided with high-quality data, whether observed or simulated samples through appropriate software. Statistical models are a constant in all the works of this symposium, which are needed to verify the reliability of empirical literature expression, to predict floods, rainfalls and important economic quantities and to identify the main influencing factors of pluviometric regimes. In this Minisymposium all these problems are faced with original solutions, to contribute the development of hydrology on science pathway. Predicting the magnitude of flood peaks is the main focus of Neri et al. [1], who use a regional flood frequency analysis based on a Region of Influence approach to estimate the relationship between flood peaks and return period considering annual maximum peak records of 26 water basins in central Italy. The main aim of Bertini et al. [2] is to detect the dominant directions of synchronized heavy daily rainfall events, applying complex network theory to 15 rain gauges located in Lazio region (central Italy). The authors in Mineo et al. [3] investigate the influence of the return period (Tr) on Areal reduction factor (ARF) estimation, for heavy rainfall events observed in the Lazio Region (Italy) Mineo et al. [4] evaluate, among the Kinetic energy - Intensity expressions (KE-I) proposed in literature, which one fits in the best way KE values calculated from potential erosive events collected by a disdrometer installed in Rome (Italy) Astrologo et al. [5] investigate the feasibility of single thresholds for the classification of daily precipitation in Lazio region (central Italy) using a probabilistic approach. Duangdai and Likasiri [6] propose a mathematical model to predict agricultural and manufacturing gross domestic product of Northern Thailand using population, rainfall and dams’ inflow and outflow time series as predictors.
On Magnetization Transfer and Balanced SSFP (2007)

Balanced steady state free precession (bSSFP) suffers from a substantial signal loss in tissues due to magnetization transfer (MT). We will show that MT effects in bSSFP can be modulated by a modification of the sequence scheme. Optimized bSSFP protocol settings are derived that yield maximal sensitivity to MT while minimizing contribution from other impurities, such as off-resonances. Evaluation in human brain shows high correlation with commonly used gradient echo sequences. In summary, a novel method to generate and quantify MT from bSSFP image acquisitions is presented and factors that optimize and influence this contrast are discussed.
Preparation of 200 nm BaTiO 3 Particles with their Tetragonality 1.010 Via a Solid‐State Reaction Preceded by Agglomeration‐Free Mechanical Activation (2007)

Well‐dispersed barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ; BT) with an average primary particle size &lt;200 nm and lattice tetragonality 1.010, being very close to that of a BT single crystal, was obtained via a solid‐state route with the aid of preliminary dry mechanical processing. The latter treatment not only activates the starting mixture but also decreases the particle sizes of individual ingredients and increases the homogeneity. All these favor to suppress grain growth of the product BT due to increasing nucleation site density, easing the nucleation at the given nucleation site, and decreasing the diffusion paths. These were confirmed by (i) microscopy and particle size analysis to observe downsizing of individual particulates without causing agglomeration; (ii) electron probe microanalysis to reveal increase in the homogeneity in a few micrometer regime; and (iii) X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy to reveal mechanochemical effects across the solid–solid boundary of dissimilar particles.