gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Properties of Acupuncture Quartz Fiber Reinforced Quartz-Based Composites (2016)

Quartz-based composites reinforced by acupuncture quartz fibers were prepared by liquid phase infiltration-in situ solidification process. Effects of different molding processes on the density, micro-structure, phase structure and mechanics properties of the composites were studied. The experimental results show that the composite materials prepared by the silica slurry as matrix and 10% silica sol as the interface layer have better performance: the density increased from 0.74g/cm 3 to 1.58g/cm 3 ; the tensile strength, flexural strength and compressive strength reached 32.2MPa, 72.6MPa and 116MPa respectively; it is worth noting that the micro-structure of the material is uniform and compact, and the fracture mode of the material is ductile fracture with the pull out of the fiber.
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Brachyspira intermedia and Brachyspira pilosicoli isolates from Australian chickens (2006)

Susceptibilities of predominantly Australian isolates of the pathogenic intestinal spirochaetes Brachyspira intermedia (n = 25) and Brachyspira pilosicoli (n = 17) from chickens were tested in agar dilution against four concentrations each of the antimicrobials tiamulin, lincomycin, tylosin, metronidazole, tetracycline and ampicillin. Based on available minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) breakpoint values for Brachyspira hyodysenteriae or other Gram-negative enteric veterinary pathogens, isolates of both species generally were susceptible to tiamulin, lincomycin, metronidazole and tetracycline. Although not classed as resistant, four isolates of B. intermedia had an elevated MIC range for tiamulin (1 to 4 mg/l), 11 isolates of B. intermedia and five of B. pilosicoli had an elevated MIC range for lincomycin (10 to 50 mg/l), one isolate of B. pilosicoli had an elevated MIC range for tetracycline (10 to 20 mg/l), and one isolate of B. intermedia and five of B. pilosicoli had an elevated MIC range for ampicillin (10 to 50 mg/l). A clear lack of susceptibility to tylosin (MIC > 4 mg/l) was seen in 11 isolates each of B. intermedia and B. pilosicoli, and to ampicillin (MIC > 32 mg/l) in two isolates of B. pilosicoli. These data suggest that some resistance to common antimicrobials exists among intestinal spirochetes obtained from laying hens and supports the need of MIC data for clinical isolates before any treatment is considered.
Synthesis of Aluminum Nitride Nanopowder by Gas‐Reduction–Nitridation Method (2003)

Aluminum nitride (AlN) nanopowder was successfully synthesized from transition alumina nanopowder using an NH 3 –C 3 H 8 gas mixture as a reduction–nitridation agent. Phase‐pure, nanocrystalline AlN powder with a specific surface area of 36.4 m 2 /g and a mean particle size of 51 nm was prepared under typical reaction conditions. The resulting AlN nanopowders possessed excellent sinterability, allowing full densification in conventional processing, even without the addition of sintering aids.
Interdisciplinary Research On Modeling And Scheduling Of Semiconductor Manufacturing Operations (2020)

Abstract NOTE: The first page of text has been automatically extracted and included below in lieu of an abstract Session 3647 Interdisciplinary Research on Modeling and Scheduling of Semiconductor Manufacturing Operations Donald Collins, Ph.D., Manufacturing Engineering Technology, Forouzan Golshani, Ph.D., Computer Science, Frank Hoppensteadt, Ph.D., Math and Electrical Engineering, Christian Ringhofer, Ph.D., Math, Jennie SI, Ph.D., Electrical Engineering, Kostas Tsakalis, Ph.D., Electrical Engineering Arizona State University Abstract This paper will describe the ongoing interdisciplinary research work of a group of faculty and students working within the Systems Science and Engineering Research Center at Arizona State University (SSERC) in collaboration with INTEL and Motorola. One of the strongest driving forces in the economy of most developed countries is manufacturing. In the United States, one of the most important components of this driving force is the manufacturing of semiconductors in fabrication facilities (FAB). Not surprisingly, tremendous efforts have been expended to reduce the art of semiconductor manufacturing to a science. While the improvements in scale and yield of semiconductor manufacturing has been spectacular and are well known, the improvement in operational methods of process flow and process scheduling have not been as impressive. The most obvious reason for this is the inherent physical/chemical complexity of these processes. Semiconductor manufacturing processes are hundreds of steps long, and factories typically operate multiple processes with each one running many product devices to serve a dynamic marketplace. Process flows are re-entrant and the work in process can be subject to rework. Finite equipment and human resources exhibit a wide range of variability of availability and performance. There are batching or set-up considerations on machines that process by wafer, by lot, or by batch. One practical consequence of all of this complexity is that decisions must be made on very different time-scales. The smallest time-scale being every few minutes during floor operations, usually about resource allocation - which step/lot combination to run next, which down machine to repair next, and so on. The medium time-scale of every few days or weeks, responding to market changes. To the largest time-scale of every few months concerning process changes, design improvements, etc. The integration of all of these operational decisions defines the performance of the factory. The key difficulty in making these decisions lies in the intricacy by which they affect the long- and short-term factory performance, as well as each other.
How to Simulate Quantum Measurement without Computing Marginals (2022)

We describe and analyze algorithms for classically simulating measurement of an n-qubit quantum state in the standard basis, that is, sampling a bit string from the probability distribution determined by the Born rule. Our algorithms reduce the sampling task to computing poly(n) amplitudes of n-qubit states; unlike previously known techniques they do not require computation of marginal probabilities. Two classes of quantum states are considered: output states of polynomial-size quantum circuits, and ground states of local Hamiltonians with an inverse polynomial spectral gap. We show that our algorithms can significantly accelerate quantum circuit simulations based on tensor network contraction or low-rank stabilizer decompositions. As another striking consequence we obtain the first efficient classical simulation algorithm for measurement-based quantum computation with the surface code resource state on any planar graph and any schedule of measurements.
Inactivating Mutations in NPC1L1 and Protection from Coronary Heart Disease (2014)

Background Ezetimibe lowers plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol by inhibiting the activity of the Niemann–Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1) protein. However, whether such inhibition reduces the risk of coronary heart disease is not known. Human mutations that inactivate a gene encoding a drug target can mimic the action of an inhibitory drug and thus can be used to infer potential effects of that drug. Methods We sequenced the exons of NPC1L1 in 7364 patients with coronary heart disease and in 14,728 controls without such disease who were of European, African, or South Asian ancestry. We identified carriers of inactivating mutations (nonsense, splice-site, or frameshift mutations). In addition, we genotyped a specific inactivating mutation (p.Arg406X) in 22,590 patients with coronary heart disease and in 68,412 controls. We tested the association between the presence of an inactivating mutation and both plasma lipid levels and the risk of coronary heart disease. Results With sequencing, we identified 15 distinct NPC1L1 inactivating mutations; approximately 1 in every 650 persons was a heterozygous carrier for 1 of these mutations. Heterozygous carriers of NPC1L1 inactivating mutations had a mean LDL cholesterol level that was 12 mg per deciliter (0.31 mmol per liter) lower than that in noncarriers (P = 0.04). Carrier status was associated with a relative reduction of 53% in the risk of coronary heart disease (odds ratio for carriers, 0.47; 95% confidence interval, 0.25 to 0.87; P = 0.008). In total, only 11 of 29,954 patients with coronary heart disease had an inactivating mutation (carrier frequency, 0.04%) in contrast to 71 of 83,140 controls (carrier frequency, 0.09%). Conclusions Naturally occurring mutations that disrupt NPC1L1 function were found to be associated with reduced plasma LDL cholesterol levels and a reduced risk of coronary heart disease.
Abstract 1154: DCLK1 monoclonal antibody-based CAR-T cells as novel treatment strategy against multiple myeloma (2019)

Multiple Myeloma (MM) is characterized by the clonal expansion of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow, and is the second most common hematological cancer. Cellular therapies including chimeric antigen T receptor cell (CAR-T) have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy to combat this devastating disease. MM are derived from a rare population of cancer stem cells (CSC) that are responsible for initiation, progression, resistance to conventional therapy and recurrence. To date there have been no CAR-T therapies directed at CSC-specific antigens. In this report, we describe the effects of a novel CAR-T targeting the CSC marker DCLK1 on MM cells. Using mouse models, it has been demonstrated that DCLK1 marks the cell of origin of colon and pancreatic cancers. DCLK1 regulates epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), and its upregulation is associated with poor overall survival in many cancer subtypes. Inhibition of DCLK1 activity following RNA silencing resulted in tumor xenograft growth arrest. These features lead us to explore the therapeutic potential of targeting DCLK1+ cells in MM. In order to create a novel DCLK1 CAR, we generated a new humanized DCLK1 monoclonal antibody, clone CBT-15 #8. This antibody recognizes a small extra cellular C-terminal epitope on human isoform 2 and 4 of DCLK1. Novel DCLK1 CAR-T cells containing the clone were generated and detected with anti-human FAB antibody by flow cytometry. Furthermore, we observed cell surface expression of DCLK1 on >93 percent of MM Cells (RPMI8226) by flow cytometry. The CAR-T cells had significantly higher cytotoxicity in MM (RPMI8226 and MM1S) cells than in leukemia K562 cells. The CAR-T cells secreted significantly higher levels of IFN-γ in vitro than T cells (p=0.0036). Further studies are underway to determine its efficacy in inhibiting tumor xenografts in vivo. This report is the first to link the TSC marker DCLK1 to MM and may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for MM and other hematologic malignancies.Citation Format: Sripathi M. Sureban, Robert Berahovich, Hua Zhou, Shirley Xu, Lijun Wu, Vita Golubovskaya, Dongfeng Qu, Randal May, Edwin Bannerman-Menson, Courtney W. Houchen. DCLK1 monoclonal antibody-based CAR-T cells as novel treatment strategy against multiple myeloma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1154.
Human pluripotent stem cell-derived neural tissue models for neurotoxicity screening (2016)

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MR Water Quantitative Priors Improves the Accuracy of Optical Breast Imaging (2010)

Magnetic resonance (MR) guided optical breast imaging is a promising modality to improve the specificity of breast imaging, because it provides high-resolution quantitative maps of total hemoglobin, oxygen saturation, water content, and optical scattering. These properties have been shown to distinguish malignant from benign lesions. However, the optical detection hardware required for deep tissue imaging has poor spectral sensitivity which limits accurate water quantification; this reduces the accuracy of hemoglobin quantification. We present a methodology to improve optical quantification by utilizing the ability of Dixon MR imaging to quantitatively estimate water and fat; this technique effectively reduces optical crosstalk between water and oxyhemoglobin. The techniques described in this paper reduce hemoglobin quantification error by as much as 38%, as shown in a numerical phantom, and an experimental phantom. Error is reduced by as much 20% when imperfect MR water quantification is given. These techniques may also increase contrast between diseased and normal tissue, as shown in breast tissue in vivo. It is also shown that using these techniques may permit fewer wavelengths to be used with similar quantitative accuracy, enabling higher temporal resolution. In addition, it is shown that these techniques can improve the ability of MRI to quantify water in the presence of bias in the Dixon water/fat separation.
Exploitation and investigation of new grafted copolymer shrinkage-reducing admixture (2012)

Four grafted copolymer shrinkage-reducing admixtures(SRA)were synthesized by the radical copolymerization reacted between unsaturated polyether macro-monomer (RPM(V24) RPM(A24) RPM(MA24) RPM(B24)) which contain the same branch chain length of 2400 and acrylic acid(AA). The experimental results showed that the RPM(B24)-AA had the most optimal shrinkage-reducing effect when the number average molecular weight was between 15000∼20000. Compared with conventional polyether shrinkage-reducing admixture (PSRA), the RPM(B24)-AA demonstrated the superior shrinkage reduction performance without the reduction of the surface tension of capillary water significantly. It has been found that the dry shrinkage of hardened cement paste at 90 days was reduced by about 33.1% and the autogenous shrinkage at 90 days by about 58.1% with 2.0% dosage. The results also indicated that, the shrinkage performance of the grafted copolymer shrinkage-reducing admixture was closely related with the hydrophobic of main chain structure and the molecular weight of grafted copolymer.
Reply to Comment on Electrodipping Force Acting on Solid Particles at a Fluid Interface (2005)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommentReply to Comment on Electrodipping Force Acting on Solid Particles at a Fluid InterfaceKrassimir D. Danov and Peter A. KralchevskyView Author Information Laboratory of Chemical Physics & Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Sofia, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria Cite this: Langmuir 2006, 22, 2, 848–849Publication Date (Web):December 15, 2005Publication History Received6 June 2005Revised12 November 2005Published online15 December 2005Published inissue 1 January 2006https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la051489ihttps://doi.org/10.1021/la051489iarticle-commentaryACS PublicationsCopyright © 2006 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views331Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (34 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Deformation,Electric fields,Fluids,Interfaces,Theoretical and computational chemistry Get e-Alerts
A simple, low cost gate drive method for practical use of SiC JFETs in SMPS (2005)

The silicon carbide JFET has many promising advantages over silicon. However it requires a more complicated gate drive than conventional MOSFETs. In this paper a simple and effective method of driving the new devices with existing monolithic gate drive circuits is proposed. The basis of the proposed method lies in applying a constant negative DC bias to the gate in order to minimize the required voltage swing on the gate to enable switching to take place. The method is supported with experimental data and proves to be effective. The negative gate bias does however lead to additional losses and derating of the device is required. The derating data for a constant power loss is given as well
Modulation of growth factor responsiveness of murine mammary carcinoma cells by cell matrix interactions: Correlation of cell proliferation and spreading (1992)

We have examined the role of growth factors and extracellular matrix in the proliferation and cell adhesion of a murine mammary carcinoma, SP1, and a stable highly metastatic variant, SP1-3M. On fibronectin, both cell types proliferated strongly in response to basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) after culture for 24 h and 72 h. In contrast, on collagen type I, SP1 cells proliferated only weakly to PDGF-BB at either time, and SP1-3M cells showed a response to PDGF-BB only at 72 h. The proliferative response to bFGF was also consistently lower when the cells were cultured on collagen than on fibronectin. No significant proliferative responses were detected to epithelial growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), or estrogen on any substratum. The lack of responsiveness to PDGF-BB of cells cultured on collagen type I was not due to differences in numbers or affinity of PDGF receptors. We therefore examined the adhesion and spreading properties of SP1 and SP1-3M cells. Without exogenous growth factors, both cell lines adhered to fibronectin and laminin. SP1-3M cells did not bind to collagen type I, whereas SP1 cells did. Attachment to all three substrata was inhibited by anti-beta 1 integrin IgG, suggesting that the primary adhesion to these substrata is mediated by beta 1 integrins. SP1 and SP1-3M cells showed similar integrin patterns following immunoprecipitation by anti-beta 1 integrin IgG. bFGF stimulated increased adhesion and spreading of both SP1 and SP1-3M cells to collagen type I within 24 h, whereas PDGF-BB was less capable of this effect. Our results suggest that the proliferative response of SP1 and SP1-3M cells to PDGF-BB and bFGF is dependent on the extracellular matrix environment, and imply that modification of extracellular matrix and/or surface integrin receptors may regulate responsiveness to these growth factors in the SP1 tumor model.
Temperature-Controlled Encapsulation and Release of an Active Enzyme in the Cavity of a Self-Assembled DNA Nanocage (2013)

We demonstrate temperature-controlled encapsulation and release of the enzyme horseradish peroxidase using a preassembled and covalently closed three-dimensional DNA cage structure as a controllable encapsulation device. The utilized cage structure was covalently closed and composed of 12 double-stranded B-DNA helices that constituted the edges of the structure. The double stranded helices were interrupted by short single-stranded thymidine linkers constituting the cage corners except for one, which was composed by four 32 nucleotide long stretches of DNA with a sequence that allowed them to fold into hairpin structures. As demonstrated by gel-electrophoretic and fluorophore-quenching experiments this design imposed a temperature-controlled conformational transition capability to the structure, which allowed entrance or release of an enzyme cargo at 37 °C while ensuring retainment of the cargo in the central cavity of the cage at 4 °C. The entrapped enzyme was catalytically active inside the DNA cage and was able to convert substrate molecules penetrating the apertures in the DNA lattice that surrounded the central cavity of the cage.
Correction: Corrigendum: Efficient design, accurate fabrication and effective characterization of plasmonic quasicrystalline arrays of nano-spherical particles (2016)

Scientific Reports 6: Article number: 22009; published online: 25 February 2016; Updated: 29 April 2016 This Article contains a typographical error in Supplementary Equation 13: should read:
Combined Oxypalladation/CH Functionalization: Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Oxidative Oxyarylation of Hydroxyalkenes (2012)

Ein effizientes Protokoll für die intramolekulare oxidative Oxyarylierung mittels einer PdII-katalysierten Sequenz aus Oxypalladierung und C-H-Funktionalisierung wurde entwickelt. Die Methode bietet raschen Zugang zu Tetrahydro-2H-indeno[2,1-b]furan-Gerüsten ausgehend von einfachen Hydroxyalkenen. Die Reaktivität dieses Prozesses ist orthogonal zu der Pd0-katalysierter Umsetzungen, was die divergente Modifizierung eines einzelnen Moleküls ermöglicht. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
The Role of Autoantibodies in Autoimmune Disease (1993)

In autoimmune diseases, autoantibodies may be the actual pathogenetic agents of the disease, the secondary consequences of tissue damage, or the harmless footprints of an etiologic agent. Establishing a pathogenetic role for autoantibodies requires that they meet stringent criteria. It appears that the location of the presumptive target antigen most critically influences the pathogenetic potential of autoantibodies. Autoantibodies directed against cell surface targets, such as hormone receptors, are clearly pathogenetic; those directed against extracellular targets, such as circulating molecules or extracellular matrix, may or may not cause any damage. Those apparently directed against intracellular targets are usually not pathogenetic unless it can be clearly demonstrated (a) that the antigen is released from within the cell so that it can bind onto a cell surface receptor or other extracellular location, such as proteinase 3; (b) that the antigen moves to an aberrant site on the cell surface, such as, perhaps, the small ribonucleoprotein antigen Ro; or (c) that a cross-reactive molecule, the actual target, such as the membrane ribosomal P-like protein, is at an accessible location.