gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Defining Substantial Clinical Benefit Following Lumbar Spine Arthrodesis (2008)

We believe that thresholds of substantial clinical benefit for commonly used health-related quality-of-life measures following lumbar spine arthrodesis are important as they describe a magnitude of change that the patient recognizes as a major improvement.
Integrated Optical Isolator and Circulator in Silicon Photonics (2018)

We present recent progress in optical isolators and circulators fabricated though bonding magneto-optic garnet on an SOI wafer. The nonreciprocal behavior is induced through an integrated electromagnet. Large isolation, wide isolation bandwidth and tunability are demonstrated with lower power consumption.
Impact of onpolar plane for deep ultraviolet laser diodes based on AlGa/AlN quantum wells (2010)

Band structures and optical gain of nonpolar AlGaN/AlN quantum wells were investigated. It was found that nonpolar quantum wells drastically improved optical gain and anisotropy compared to those of c-plane quantum wells.
Battery Diagnostics with Sensitive Magnetometry (2019)

The ever-increasing demand for high-capacity rechargeable batteries highlights the need for sensitive and accurate diagnostic technology for determining the state of a cell, for identifying and localizing defects, or for sensing capacity loss mechanisms. Here, we demonstrate the use of atomic magnetometry to map the weak induced magnetic fields around a Li-ion battery cell as a function of state of charge and upon introducing mechanical defects. These measurements provide maps of the magnetic susceptibility of the cell, which follow trends characteristic for the battery materials under study upon discharge. In addition, the measurements reveal hitherto unknown long time-scale transient internal current effects, which were particularly pronounced in the overdischarged regime. The diagnostic power of this technique is promising for the assessment of cells in research, quality control, or during operation, and could help uncover details of charge storage and failure processes in cells.
ChemInform Abstract: High Affinity Retinoic Acid Receptor Antagonists: Analogues of AGN 193109. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Nano Antenna Array for Terahertz Detection (2011)

Infrared (IR) detectors have been fabricated consisting of antenna-coupled metal–oxide–metal diodes (ACMOMDs). These detectors were defined using electron beam lithography with shadow evaporation metal deposition. They are designed to be sensitive to the IR range and work at room temperature without cooling or biasing. In order to achieve large arrays of ACMOMDs, nanotransfer printing have been used to cover a large area with metal–oxide–metal (MOM) diodes and with antenna structures. The printed antenna structures consist of gold and aluminum and exhibit a low electrical resistivity. A large area array of MOM tunneling diodes with an ultrathin dielectric ( <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">${\sim}$</tex> </formula> 3.6-nm aluminum oxide) has also been fabricated via the transfer-printing process. The MOM diodes exhibit excellent tunneling characteristics. Both direct and Fowler–Nordheim tunneling has been observed over eight orders of magnitude in current density. Static device parameters have been extracted via kinetic Monte Carlo simulations and have confirmed the existence of a dipole layer at the aluminum/aluminum oxide interface of the printed tunneling diodes. The mechanical yield of the transfer-printing process for the MOM tunneling diodes is almost a 100%, confirming that transfer printing is suitable for large area effective fabrication of these quantum devices.
Stabilization of a DC electrical network via backstepping approach (2014)

It is known that a constant power load connected to DC electrical network may lead to instability problems on the DC-link variables. This paper addresses this problem of instability. To do this, a supercapacitor which is an energy storage element connected to the network is used to stabilize. To achieve this goal, a nonlinear control law based on backstepping approach is synthesised and robustness tests relatively to parameters variation have been realized. Simulation results confirm the good performances and robustness of the using approach.
A CMOS Image Sensor and an AI Accelerator for Realizing Edge-Computing-Based Surveillance Camera Systems (2021)

This paper presents a CMOS image sensor and an AI accelerator to realize surveillance camera systems based on edge computing. For CMOS image sensors to be used for surveillance, it is desirable that they are highly sensitive even in low illuminance. We propose a new timing shift ADC used in CMOS image sensors for improving high sensitivity performance. Our proposed ADC improves non-linearity characteristics under low illuminance by 63%. Achieving power-efficient edge computing is a challenge for the systems to be used widely in the surveillance camera market. We demonstrate that our proposed AI accelerator performs inference processing for object recognition with 1 TOPS/W. Keywords: CMOS image sensor, surveillance camera system, low light imaging, AI accelerator, edge computing
Bayesian spike inference from calcium imaging data (2013)

We present efficient Bayesian methods for extracting neuronal spiking information from calcium imaging data. The goal of our methods is to sample from the posterior distribution of spike trains and model parameters (baseline concentration, spike amplitude etc) given noisy calcium imaging data. We present discrete time algorithms where we sample the existence of a spike at each time bin using Gibbs methods, as well as continuous time algorithms where we sample over the number of spikes and their locations at an arbitrary resolution using Metropolis-Hastings methods for point processes. We provide Rao-Blackwellized extensions that (i) marginalize over several model parameters and (ii) provide smooth estimates of the marginal spike posterior distribution in continuous time. Our methods serve as complements to standard point estimates and allow for quantification of uncertainty in estimating the underlying spike train and model parameters.
Myocilin Mutations in Patients With Normal-Tension Glaucoma (2019)

In cohorts 1 and 2, the p.Gln368Ter mutation in MYOC was found in patients with IOPs that were 21 mm Hg or lower (NTG), although at a frequency that is lower than previously detected in patients with higher IOP. These data suggest that the p.Gln368Ter mutation may be associated with glaucoma in patients with normal IOPs as well as in patients with IOPs that are greater than 21 mm Hg.
Wafer-level packaging of optoelectronic chips using Sea of Leads electrical and optical I/O interconnection (2004)

This paper describes sea of leads (SoL), its processing, its process integration with optoelectronic devices, and its optical, electrical, and mechanical characteristics.
In memoriam: Tatsuo Itoh 1940–2021 (2020)

It is not easy to describe the shock and pain of our community after receiving the sad news of the passing of Prof. Tatsuo Itoh. It is so unfortunate that Prof. Itoh accepted giving an invited talk after the Covid-19 pandemic at GASS 2021. It is very hard to find anyone else who has contributed so much, so deeply, and inspired so many people in microwave engineering. Prof. Itoh continuously introduced revolutionary breakthroughs, one after another, until his passing. His gigantic work, remarkable for its quality and diversity, constitutes an extraordinary asset that will guide our explorations and investigations for decades to come. We express our endless recognition and respect for his legendary life and integrity. We express our deepest and sincere condolences to his family.
Quantification of Tumor Vascularity With Contrast‐Enhanced Sonography (2004)

Objective. To correlate the quantitated tumor vascularity of implanted murine tumors as depicted by contrast‐enhanced sonography with estimates made with magnetic resonance imaging and with estimates of the percentage of viable (metabolically active) tumor as depicted by fluorodeoxyglucose autoradiography. Methods. Implanted tumors in 10 mice were imaged with contrast‐enhanced sonography, magnetic resonance imaging, and fluorodeoxyglucose autoradiography. Tumor vascularity was estimated with each modality and compared with the percentage of viable tumor. Results. Quantitated estimates of tumor vascularity with contrast‐enhanced sonography closely correlated ( r = 0.95) with estimates made by magnetic resonance imaging and with the percentage of viable tumor ( r = 0.93) as depicted by fluorodeoxyglucose autoradiography. Conclusions. Contrast‐enhanced sonography accurately depicts tumor vascularity in these implanted tumors. Tumor vascularity correlated with the amount of metabolically active tumor.
Microarray Analysis of the Failure of Filtering Blebs in a Rat Model of Glaucoma Filtering Surgery (2004)

This study represents the first large-scale gene expression analysis after GFS. Expression patterns for known mediators of the bleb scarring process, including transforming growth factor-beta, connective tissue growth factor, and matrix metalloproteinases, were confirmed, and a number of mediators not previously associated with this process were identified.
Supplementary Figure legends S1-3 from Efficient Payload Delivery by a Bispecific Antibody–Drug Conjugate Targeting HER2 and CD63 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure legends for figures S1, S2 and S3&lt;/p&gt;
DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's Cancer (2010)

DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's cancer , DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's cancer , کتابخانه دیجیتالی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات درمانی شهید بهشتی
Regio-selectivity prediction with a machine-learned reaction representation and on-the-fly quantum mechanical descriptors (2020)

Accurate and rapid evaluation of whether substrates can undergo the desired the transformation is crucial and challenging for both human knowledge and computer predictions. Despite the potential of machine learning in predicting chemical reactivity such as selectivity, popular feature engineering and learning methods are either time-consuming or data-hungry. We introduce a new method that combines machine-learned reaction representation with selected quantum mechanical descriptors to predict regio-selectivity in general substitution reactions. We construct a reactivity descriptor database based on <i>ab initio</i> calculations of 130k organic molecules, and train a multi-task constrained model to calculate demanded descriptors on-the-fly. The proposed platform enhances the inter/extra-polated performance for regio-selectivity predictions and enables learning from small datasets with just hundreds of examples. Furthermore, the proposed protocol is demonstrated to be generally applicable to a diverse range of chemical spaces. For three general types of substitution reactions (aromatic C-H functionalization, aromatic C-X substitution, and other substitution reactions) curated from a commercial database, the fusion model achieves 89.7%, 96.7%, and 97.2% top-1 accuracy in predicting the major outcome, respectively, each using 5000 training reactions. Using predicted descriptors, the fusion model is end-to-end, and requires approximately only 70 ms per reaction to predict the selectivity from reaction SMILES strings.
Mesoporous TiO2 Comprising Small, Highly Crystalline Nanoparticles for Efficient CO2 Reduction by H2O (2017)

The conversion of CO2 into hydrocarbon fuels with H2O using low-cost photocatalysts can offer a sustainable route to meet some of our energy needs, besides being able to contribute to the solutions of global warming. In this work, a series of highly crystalline mesoporous titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalysts are synthesized via a simple template-free synthetic method. The synthesis involves preparation of titanium glycolate microspheres (TGMs), then hydrolysis of the TGMs in boiling water under ambient pressure, and finally calcination of the products in air. The hydrolysis step is found to play a crucial role in the formation of TiO2 microspheres comprising a network of small anatase grains. The hydrolysis of the TGMs is also found to considerably inhibit the possible phase transformation of anatase to rutile during the subsequent high-temperature crystallization process. The resulting materials have good crystallinity and efficient charge carrier separation capabilities, as well as large specific surface areas, and thus large density of accessible catalytically active sites. These unique structural features enable these materials to exhibit high photocatalytic activities for the conversion of CO2 with H2O into hydrocarbon fuels (CH4) and to show much better catalytic activities than that of the commercial photocatalyst Degussa P25 TiO2.
Aluminum Complexes of Fluorinated Dialkoxy-Diimino Salen-like Ligands: Syntheses, Structures, and Use in Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cyclic Esters (2008)

The coordination chemistry of new fluorinated dialkoxy-diimino ligands onto Al(III) centers has been studied. Diimino-diols (CF3)2C(OH)CR12C(R2)═N−R3−N═C(R2)CR12C(OH)(CF3)2 ({ONEtNO}H2, R1 = H, R2 = Me, R3 = C2H4; {ONCyNO}H2, R1 = H, R2 = Me, R3 = trans-1,2-cyclohexyl; {MeONEtNO}H2, R1 = Me, R2 = iPr, R3 = C2H4) react selectively with AlMe3, AlMe2Cl, and Al(OiPr)3 to give the corresponding complexes {ONEtNO}AlX (X = Me, 1; Cl, 2; OiPr, 3), {ONCyNO}AlX (X = Me, 5; Cl, 6; OiPr, 7), and {MeONEtNO}AlX (X = Me, 8; Cl, 9) with concomitant alkane or alcohol elimination, respectively. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies revealed that complexes 2, 5, 7, 8, and 9 are mononuclear in the solid state with distorted trigonal-bipyramidal to square-pyramidal geometries. Complexes 1−9 were also characterized in CD2Cl2 solution by 1H, 13C, and 19F NMR spectroscopy. Only one symmetric isomer was observed for complexes 1−7, but mixtures of two isomers (one symmetric, one dissymmetric on the NMR time scale) were observed for complexes 8 and 9. The Al-OiPr complexes 3 and 7 are effective initiators for the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone and racemic lactide, giving polymers with high molecular weights (Mn up to 37 500 g mol−1) and relatively narrow polydispersities (Mw/Mn = 1.08−1.91). The PLAs produced, both under slurry or melt conditions, with either achiral complex 3 or chiral complex 7, have a highly isotactic-enriched stereoblock microstructure (Pmeso = 0.87).
Sotagliflozin in Patients with Diabetes and Recent Worsening Heart Failure (2020)

In patients with diabetes and recent worsening heart failure, sotagliflozin therapy, initiated before or shortly after discharge, resulted in a significantly lower total number of deaths from cardiovascular causes and hospitalizations and urgent visits for heart failure than placebo. (Funded by Sanofi and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals; SOLOIST-WHF ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03521934.).
<title>Assessment of the retinal nerve fiber layer by scanning-laser polarimetry</title> (1993)

In the eye, the retinal nerve fibers transmit the visual signal from the photoreceptors to the brain. In certain diseases, i.e., glaucoma, these nerve fibers are damaged, resulting in impaired vision or blindness. The retinal nerve fiber layer consists of parallel structures of diameter smaller than the wavelength of light. Therefore, this qualifies it as a form birefringent structure, capable of changing the state of polarization of light double passing it. The amount of change in the state of polarization (retardation) can be assessed with a polarimeter and is proportional to the thickness of the nerve fiber layer at the measurement location. A scanning laser polarimeter (Nerve Fiber Analyzer<SUP>TM</SUP>) is described that employs a low power near infra-red laser beam to illuminate the human retina. In normal eyes, a thick retinal nerve fiber layer was measured in the superior and inferior regions of the peripapillary retina. In glaucoma eyes, this normal nerve fiber layer thickness distribution was found to be disturbed. The measured retinal nerve fiber directions indicated that the retinal nerve fiber layer around the optic nerve head of a normal eye is radially symmetrical.
A Model Development for Evaluating Soot-NOx Interactions in a Blended 2-Way Diesel Particulate Filter/Selective Catalytic Reduction (2012)

The 2-way diesel particulate filter/selective catalytic reduction (DPF/SCR) emission reduction system has been considered as a potential candidate for future emission standards owing to its advantages in cost savings and packaging flexibility. For the 2-way device, Cu–zeolite is coated inside the DPF substrate as nitrogen oxide (NOx) reducing (DeNOx) catalytic material. Therefore, when exhaust gas passes through the 2-way device, NOx reduction and soot filtration occur simultaneously. However, the operating characteristics of the combinatorial device might be different from individual DPF and SCR devices. In this work, a previously developed model was improved to include soot filtration and oxidation. The model has been tested and validated with experimental data from a reactor flow bench in a systematic manner and applied to capture the effect of soot deposits on NOx reduction performance in a 2-way DPF/SCR device. Accordingly, the soot oxidation characteristics of a 2-way device are investigated with various feed gas compositions. Then the effect of soot deposit on the SCR reaction is investigated in terms of deterioration of DeNOx performance and the interaction between soot oxidation reactions and DeNOx SCR reactions.
Genetic Determinants of Retinal Vascular Caliber (2006)

Information about reprints can be found online at: Reprints: document. Permissions and Rights Question and Answer this process is available in the click Request Permissions in the middle column of the Web page under Services. Further information about Office. Once the online version of the published article for which permission is being requested is located, can be obtained via RightsLink, a service of the Copyright Clearance Center, not the EditorialHypertensionin Requests for permissions to reproduce figures, tables, or portions of articles originally publishedPermissions: by guest on March 4,
Organometallic Conjugates of the Drug Sulfadoxine for Combatting Antimicrobial Resistance (2018)

Fourteen novel arene Ru<sup>II</sup> , and cyclopentadienyl (Cp<sup>x</sup> ) Rh<sup>III</sup> and Ir<sup>III</sup> complexes containing an N,N'-chelated pyridylimino- or quinolylimino ligand functionalized with the antimalarial drug sulfadoxine have been synthesized and characterized, including three by X-ray crystallography. The rhodium and iridium complexes exhibited potent antiplasmodial activity with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 0.10-2.0 μm in either all, or one of the three Plasmodium falciparum assays (3D7 chloroquine sensitive, Dd2 chloroquine resistant and NF54 sexual late stage gametocytes) but were only moderately active towards Trichomonas vaginalis. They were active in both the asexual blood stage and the sexual late stage gametocyte assays, whereas the clinical parent drug, sulfadoxine, was inactive. Five complexes were moderately active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (IC<sub>50</sub> <6.3 μm), while sulfadoxine showed no antitubercular activity. An increase in the size of both the Cp<sup>x</sup> ligand and the aromatic imino substituent increased hydrophobicity, which resulted in an increase in antiplasmodial activity.
A Joint Radar-Communication Precoding Design Based on Cramér-Rao Bound Optimization (2022)

This paper investigates joint radar-communication (JRC) transmission, where a JRC precoder is designed to simultaneously perform target sensing and information signaling. We minimize the Cram&#x00E9;r-Rao Bound (CRB) for target estimation, while guaranteeing the per-user signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) in the downlink. While the formulated problem is non-convex in general, we propose an efficient successive convex approximation (SCA) method, which solves a second-order cone program (SOCP) subproblem at each iteration. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed JRC precoding design, showing that the SCA algorithm is able to approach the convex relaxation bound, which significantly outperforms conventional benchmark solvers in terms of both complexity and performance.
Designing interactive lighting (2012)

LED-based lighting systems have introduced radically new possibilities in the area of artificial lighting. Being physically small the LED can be positioned or embedded into luminaires, materials and even the very fabric of a building or environment. Hundreds of LEDs can be used in a single luminaire or space, of which each could have different light output properties. The light switch therefore in many situations will need to be enhanced or fully replaced by intelligent controls and smart environments that are sensitive to the context and responsive to the people in the environment. The focus of this workshop is to explore new ways of interacting with light where lighting is no longer simply an on or off system, but a flexible system capable of creating a large range of functional, decorative and ambient light effects.
A Novel Pseudoerror Monitor (2004)

The error rate (ER) is a crucial criterion in evaluating the performance of a digital communication system. Many ER estimation methods have been described in the literature. Among them, the pseudoerror monitoring solution has attracted special attention due to its consistent performance in different environments and distinctive blind estimation capability, that is, estimating the ER without needing any prior knowledge of the transmitted information. In this paper, a novel pseudoerror monitor (PEM) design, the kernel PEM, is developed. Incorporating the strength of the probability density function (pdf) approximation technique, the proposed design has remarkable advantage of being able to produce statistically consistent ER estimate within a much shorter observation time. Simulation results are given in support of this claim.
Avoiding Pitfalls when Using NVIDIA GPUs for Real-Time Tasks in Autonomous Systems (2018)

NVIDIA's CUDA API has enabled GPUs to be used as computing accelerators across a wide range of applications. This has resulted in performance gains in many application domains, but the underlying GPU hardware and software are subject to many non-obvious pitfalls. This is particularly problematic for safety-critical systems, where worst-case behaviors must be taken into account. While such behaviors were not a key concern for earlier CUDA users, the usage of GPUs in autonomous vehicles has taken CUDA programs out of the sole domain of computer-vision and machine-learning experts and into safety-critical processing pipelines. Certification is necessary in this new domain, which is problematic because GPU software may have been developed without any regard for worst-case behaviors. Pitfalls when using CUDA in real-time autonomous systems can result from the lack of specifics in official documentation, and developers of GPU software not being aware of the implications of their design choices with regards to real-time requirements. This paper focuses on the particular challenges facing the real-time community when utilizing CUDA-enabled GPUs for autonomous applications, and best practices for applying real-time safety-critical principles.