gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Some Methodological Problems in Estimating Radiobiological Parameters from Clinical Data—Alpha/beta Ratios and Electron RBE for Cutaneous Reactions in Patients Treated with Postmastectomy Radiotherapy (1988)

A number of biological, dosimetric, and statistical problems encountered in the determination of alpha/beta ratios and the relative biological efficiency (RBE) of high energy electrons are discussed. The analysis is based on isoeffect dose determination from logit analysis of dose-response data. Monte Carlo simulations of the logit analysis show that the estimated isoeffect dose may be treated as a normally distributed random variable. Under this assumption, formulae for the standard error of the derived radiobiological parameters are presented. The importance of specifying not only parameter estimates but also their confidence limits is emphasized. As a practical example, the dose-response relationships for severe erythema and subcutaneous fibrosis are discussed in two series of patients treated with postmastectomy irradiation with electrons and photons in two fractionation schedules. Because of a different dose per fraction in the electron and photon fields, a determination of RBE requires a fraction size correction. This is performed using the alpha/beta formalism. The present analysis suggests a high energy electron RBE for severe erythema of 0.93 (95% confidence limits 0.89 and 0.96) and for subcutaneous fibrosis of 0.84 (95% confidence limits 0.77 and 0.92).
New porphyrin-based dendrimers with alkene linked fluorenyl antennae for optics (2017)

The biphotonic (<italic>σ</italic><sub>2</sub>) singlet oxygen generation capability (<italic>Φ</italic><sub>Δ</sub>) of new TFP-based photosensitizers peripherally functionalized with various dendrons containing 2-ethynylflorenyl chromophores is reported along with remarkable fluorescence yields (<italic>Φ</italic><sub>F</sub>) of up to 17%.
Effects of Injection Velocity on Distribution of Primary &alpha;-Phase Particles in Semi-Solid High Pressure Die Casting of JIS AC4CH Aluminum Alloy (2014)

We have previously developed a new injection process with improved fluidity through applying shear stress. In this process, the product is made by injecting a solid-liquid slurry. Therefore, the microstructure of products made by this semi-solid injection process shows the dispersal of the spherical primary α-phase particles in the matrix. The primary α-phase particles and matrix are formed from the solid phase and liquid phase, respectively, when the slurry is injected. These phases have different properties, and the properties of semi-solid products are thought depend on the distribution of the primary α-phase particles. For this reason, semi-solid products have characteristic microstructures.In the present study, the distribution of primary α-phase particles was investigated in fluidity test specimens made of JIS AC4CH aluminum alloy, formed in a spiral cavity at various injection speeds. The number of primary α-phase particles at the edge of the specimens was higher than for other observation points. The primary α-phase particles were distributed homogeneously on the plane perpendicular to the flow direction at the edge of the specimens. In specimens formed at high injection speeds, at the observation points from the gate to the middle of the flow length, the primary α-phase particles were concentrated at the central axis of the flow direction. However, in specimens formed at low injection speeds, the primary α-phase particles were also distributed homogeneously in these areas. The concentration of the primary α-phase particles around the central axis was affected by the flow velocity in the cavity. These results suggest that the distribution of the primary α-phase can be controlled by changing the flow velocity.
Boca: an open-source RDF store for building Semantic Web applications (2007)

This article presents the design goals and features of the open-source Boca RDF server in the context of a community of cancer-tumor modeling investigators. Boca supplements the desirable data features of the Semantic Web with important enterprise and application features to power a new generation of Semantic-Web-based applications. The data features enable the integration and retrieval of tremendous quantities of diverse data. The enterprise features promote data integrity, fidelity, provenance and robustness. The application features provide for collaborative applications and dynamic user interfaces.
p53 immunochemistry is an independent prognostic marker for outcome in conservatively treated prostate cancer (2009)

OBJECTIVE To determine whether p53 is an independent biomarker of prostate cancer outcome against currently used biomarkers in a cohort of conservatively treated prostate cancers with long-term follow-up available. PATIENTS AND METHODS We examined p53 expression by immunohistochemistry in a cohort of 705 patients with clinically localized prostate cancer, who were treated conservatively. Patients were selected through UK Cancer Registries. End-points included prostate cancer death and overall death rates. Standard biological variables, including diagnostic serum PSA, contemporary Gleason scoring, clinical staging and cancer extent were available. p53 expression was measured semi-quantitatively on microscopic examination and compared with current clinical biomarkers. RESULTS p53 over expression was a significant predictor of cause-specific survival (hazard ratio [HR] 2.95, 95% CI 2.05-4.25, P < 0.001) and overall survival (HR 2.37, 95% CI 1.84-3.05, P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis including competing biological variables p53 expression was still significantly linked to prostate cancer survival (HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.04-2.19, P = 0.03) and overall survival (HR 1.57, 95% CI 1.21-2.05, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS We conclude that p53 may have a role in the future assessment of newly diagnosed prostate cancer, as it significantly adds to the current prognostic model.
56.1: Invited Paper : Excited State Interactions in P‐OLEDs: Implications For Efficiency And Lifetime (2011)

Abstract A fluorescent blue P‐OLED has high densities of triplet excited states within the emissive layer. In this paper we will present an efficiency and degradation analysis of model P‐OLED devices and materials, and demonstrate that control of triplet transfer and annihilation processes are of crucial importance in realising the efficiencies and device stabilities required for commercialisation of the technology.
Stable and Efficient Gaussian Process Calculations (2009)

The use of Gaussian processes can be an effective approach to prediction in a supervised learning environment. For large data sets, the standard Gaussian process approach requires solving very large systems of linear equations and approximations are required for the calculations to be practical. We will focus on the subset of regressors approximation technique. We will demonstrate that there can be numerical instabilities in a well known implementation of the technique. We discuss alternate implementations that have better numerical stability properties and can lead to better predictions. Our results will be illustrated by looking at an application involving prediction of galaxy redshift from broadband spectrum data.
Fabry-Perot Nanocavities in 3D Plasmonic Crystals (2009)

Extraordinary light transmission through Fabry-Perot cavities in 3D plasmonic cystals created by two physically separated plasmonic layers is demonstrated. These cavity resonances show large field enhancements and are highly sensitive to refractive index changes.
Over The Counter Drugs (and Dietary Supplement) Exercise: A Team‐Based Introduction to Biochemistry for Health Professional Students (2013)

For successful delivery of basic science topics for health-professional students, it is critical to reduce apprehension and illustrate relevance to clinical settings and everyday life. At the beginning of the Biochemistry course for Physician Assistants, a team-based assignment was designed to develop an understanding of the mechanism of action, effectiveness, and toxicity of five common over the counter (OTC) drugs and dietary supplements, and place these familiar medicines in a political and historical context. The objectives of this exercise were to stimulate interest in biochemistry; to provide basic information on enzymes and enzyme inhibitors related to these drugs to be expanded upon later in the course; and to encourage active and interactive learning. Teams of five students were formed, and each student was given an information sheet on aspirin, alpha-galactosidase, orlistat, dextromethorphan, or simvastatin, a low dose statin, which was previously available without prescription at pharmacies in the UK. After each member of the team acquired information on one OTC drug/dietary supplement by reading an assigned information sheet, the team was asked to go through a series of questions, and then submit answers to a quiz as a group. A high rate of success on the quiz, an overwhelmingly positive response on formal course evaluations, and enthusiastic exchanges during class suggested this team-based session accomplished its goals.
Abstract 17082: Translation From Highly Multiplexed Biomarker Discovery to a Targeted Protein Panel to Stratify Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease (2016)

Introduction: Failure to translate biomarkers from research publication to practical clinical measurements is well-recognized. The objective of this study was to transition from a research discover...
Learning to See Through Turbulent Water (2018)

Imaging through dynamic refractive media, such as looking into turbulent water, or through hot air, is challenging since light rays are bent by unknown amounts leading to complex geometric distortions. Inverting these distortions and recovering high quality images is an inherently ill-posed problem, leading previous works to require extra information such as high frame-rate video or a template image, which limits their applicability in practice. This paper proposes training a deep convolution neural network to undistort dynamic refractive effects using only a single image. The neural network is able to solve this ill-posed problem by learning image priors as well as distortion priors. Our network consists of two parts, a warping net to remove geometric distortion and a color predictor net to further refine the restoration. Adversarial loss is used to achieve better visual quality and help the network hallucinate missing and blurred information. To train our network, we collect a large training set of images distorted by a turbulent water surface. Unlike prior works on water undistortion, our method is trained end-to-end, only requires a single image and does not use a ground truth template at test time. Experiments show that by exploiting the structure of the problem, our network outperforms state-of-the-art deep image to image translation.
Multiport Hybrid Converter for Electrified Transportation Systems (2022)

Compact and efficient power converter solutions are seen to be the backbone of future transportation systems in order to cope with the ongoing transition toward greener systems. Such systems usually comprise a main load section, in which one or more propulsion or traction motors are connected, in addition to an auxiliary load, which might comprise the hotels and air conditioning for example. This auxiliary load can be as low as 5–10% of the main load power. Therefore, it can be challenging to drive this power from a typical high-power system that employs a medium-voltage (MV) dc (MVDC) grid, which is typical in high-power systems. In such MVDC-integrated systems, neutral-point-clamped and active neutral-point-clamped (ANPC) converters are commonly used, where the auxiliary load converter is overrated in this case, resulting in a bulky and inefficient power system. Thus, in order to enable a lighter and efficient transportation power system, a multiport hybrid converter (MHC) is presented in this article. This converter can feed the main MV motor, in addition to two auxiliary low-voltage loads. Compared with the state-of-the-art ANPC converter, the proposed MHC utilizes only two extra switches per phase leg in order to achieve this multiport operation along with increasing the voltage rating of another two switches. The proposed MHC is analyzed in this article, where its operation, modulation, and mathematical derivation are presented. These analyses are supported by simulation and experimental results utilizing a reduced-scale 5-kW system.
Energy and techno-economic analysis of bio-based carboxylic acid recovery by adsorption (2021)

Recent works have established bio-based carboxylic acids as adaptable precursors to renewable biofuels and chemicals.
Zinc Deficiency and Zinc Therapy Efficacy with Reduction of Serum Free Copper in Alzheimer’s Disease (2013)

We are in the midst of an epidemic of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in developed countries. We have postulated that ingestion of inorganic copper from drinking water and taking supplement pills and a high fat diet are major causative factors. Ingestion of inorganic copper can directly raise the blood free copper level. Blood free copper has been shown by the Squitti group to be elevated in AD, to correlate with cognition, and to predict cognition loss. Secondly, we have shown that AD patients are zinc deficient compared to age matched controls. Zinc is important in neuronal protection. We carried out a 6-month small double blind trial of a new zinc formulation on AD patients. We found that in patients 70 years and older, zinc therapy protected against cognition decline compared to placebo controls. We also found that zinc therapy significantly lowered blood free copper levels. So zinc efficacy could be due to restoring neuronal zinc levels, to lowering blood free copper levels, or to both.
From potato chips to shoes: Have we forgotten the basics? (2005)

All in-text\treferences\tunderlined\tin\tblue\tare\tlinked\tto\tpublications\ton\tResearchGate, letting you\taccess\tand\tread\tthem\timmediately.
Evolving Today to Best Serve Tomorrow (2020)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUECommentNEXTEvolving Today to Best Serve TomorrowJulie Beth Zimmerman*Julie Beth ZimmermanYale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States*Email: [email protected]More by Julie Beth Zimmerman, Paul WesterhoffPaul WesterhoffSustainable Engineering and The Built EnvironmentArizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United StatesMore by Paul Westerhoff, Jennifer FieldJennifer FieldEnviro/Molecular Toxicology; Environmental Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Arizona 97331, United StatesMore by Jennifer Field, and Greg LowryGreg LowryEnviro/Molecular Toxicology; Environmental Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United StatesMore by Greg LowryCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2020, 54, 10, 5923–5924Publication Date (Web):May 19, 2020Publication History Published online19 May 2020Published inissue 19 May 2020https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.0c02360https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c02360editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2020 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views2908Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (630 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Climate change,Energy,Environmental science,Green chemistry,Sustainability Get e-Alerts
Diffractive optics fabricated by electron-beam direct write methods (1993)

Due to the stringent requirements on the lateral alignment and the large number of steps required to fabricate diffractive optics by typical microlithographic techniques, the need for more efficient methods to fabricate these elements has arisen. This paper discusses the use of electron beam lithography in fabricating diffractive optical elements by direct e-beam alignment and direct write into the electron beam resist. Many of the practical advantages and disadvantages of each method will be pointed out. In particular, current research and future research directions into such direct write problems as the proximity effect, hologram ruggedness, and lengthy exposure times will be addressed.
Memory and Round-Efficient MPC Primitives in the Pre-Processing Model from Unit Vectorization (2022)

In this paper, we propose memory- and round-efficient protocols for securely evaluating arithmetic primitives. We focus on secure two-party computation over the ring ℤ2k that achieves security against semi-honest adversaries and works in the pre-processing model. Our protocols rely on the unit vectorization technique introduced by Boyle et al. (TCC 2019). The unit vectorization technique provides online-optimal protocols for several fundamental operations in the pre-processing model. However, a relatively large memory cost for correlated randomness is required, which might become an obstacle in a large-scale application. In order to achieve both memory and communication efficiency, we propose a size reduction method that uses unit vectorization only for short-length inputs, and based on this, construct two-round protocols for equality test, detecting the most significant non-zero bit, detecting wrap-around, and less-than comparison. In addition, as applications of these results, we provide practically efficient protocols for integer division, integer square root, integer logarithm, and modular exponentiation.
Nonradioactive Detection of Telomerase Activity Using a PCR-ELISA-Based Telomeric Repeat Amplification Protocol (2003)

Numerous studies on telomerase expression have consistently demonstrated the presence of telomerase activity in the vast majority of different types of cancer, as well as immortalized cells, but have failed to detect telomerase in most normal tissues (1). Examples include breast cancer, neuroblastoma, and cervical cancers, in which a correlation between telomerase expression and staging or clinical outcome has been demonstrated (2). Therefore, its very restricted, tumor-specific expression pattern makes telomerase an attractive target for diagnostic and prognostic purposes and for therapeutic intervention in a variety of human cancers
Shearlet-based reduced reference image quality assessment (2016)

This paper proposes a reduced reference image quality assessment method using only a low number of features. It involves a shearlet decomposition, directional pooling of the obtained coefficient and extracts the scalewise statistical location parameter as a feature. The proposed method is tested and compared to similar approaches on the LIVE image database. On this database it outperforms the compared methods on five of seven distortion types and on the full testset with a linear correlation of = 0.89.
Les défis des métropoles : ce qui est gouverné et ne l’est pas (2017)

La métropolisation c’est d’abord une question d’échelle : une trentaine de métropoles sont sur le point de dépasser les 15 millions d’habitants ; en groupant six cents d’entre elles on obtient 60% de la richesse mondiale. La Chine structure trois méga régions urbaines qui se veulent les nouveaux centres du monde : le delta du Yangtze (150 millions d’habitants), le delta des Perles (120 millions d’habitants) et la nouvelle venue qui concentre des investissements gigantesques, la métropole de Jin-Jin-Ji au sud de Beijing estime atteindre 100 millions d’habitants prochainement. L’Inde n’est pas en reste autour de Delhi et l’urbanisation de l’Afrique se poursuit.\nDe nombreuses grandes métropoles accumulent aussi des ressources sociales, culturelles qui les distinguent du reste de leur territoire national. C’est notamment le cas de Londres, Tokyo, Istanbul, New York, Paris, mais aussi Buenos Aires, Mexico, São Paolo, Lagos, Shanghai, Kuala Lumpur, Le Caire. (Premier paragraphe)
Die Entwicklung von Substrattopographien im Mikro‐ und Nanobereich zur Steuerung von Zellfunktionen (2009)

Abstract Die Wechselwirkung von Säugerzellen mit der nanoskaligen Topographie einer Unterlage hat sich als wichtiges Signalelement zur Steuerung der Zellfunktion herausgestellt. Natürliche nanotopographische Strukturen in der extrazellulären Matrix präsentieren den umgebenden Zellen mechanotransduktive Signale, die die lokale Migration, die Zellpolarisation und andere Funktionen beeinflussen. Auch eine synthetische Nanotopographie kann sich auf Zellmorphologie, Ausrichtung, Adhäsion, Migration, Proliferation und Organisation des Cytoskeletts auswirken. Im Folgenden stellen wir dar, wie sich der Kontakt zwischen Zellen und Substraten mit synthetischer Nanotopographie nutzen lässt, um komplexe zelluläre Prozesse wie Stammzelldifferenzierung und Gewebeorganisation in vitro zu steuern. Weitere Herausforderungen an der Schnittstelle zwischen Zelle und nanotopographischen Oberflächen werden diskutiert, darunter die Aufklärung von Mechanismen und Anwendungen im Tissue‐Engineering.
Atherosclerosis risk factors in children of high risk families. (1999)

Risk factors of atherosclerosis are detectable in children and adolescents of high risk families. The measurement of these factors may help the efficacy of the preventive work.
Characterization of Profiling Techniques for Ultralow Energy Arsenic Implants (2001)

Secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) with an ultralow energy primary ion beam was used to profile ultrashallow arsenic implants in silicon. Such shallow profiles are necessary for the formation of shallow junctions in future generations of transistors. A 750 eV Cs primary provides the best resolution in both dosimetry and depth profiling. However, even under these optimal conditions SIMS has limited resolution. We used high resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and monolayer chemical oxidation and etching of silicon to investigate the abruptness resolution of SIMS and to obtain the impulse response of the instrument. Using this technique, we found that a 1 keV, arsenic implant is more abrupt than the SIMS resolution. The impulse response of SIMS under these conditions was obtained via deconvolution. This impulse response can be used to correct the SIMS results. Also, the more accurate profile can be used to improve the calibration of simulation tools, which up to now have been calibrated to fit SIMS profiles. © 2000 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.