gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Driver-assist steering by active front steering and differential braking: Design, implementation and experimental evaluation of a switched model predictive control approach (2010)

We investigate the coordination of active front steering and differential braking in a driver-assist steering system that aims at stabilizing the vehicle and achieving the desired yaw rate. Basing on a piecewise affine model of the vehicle steering dynamics formulated with respect to the tire slip angles and the steering angle we implement a switched model predictive controller to coordinate active front steering and differential braking. The switched controller is synthesized by multiparametric programming, resulting in a piecewise affine feedback law whose stability properties and computational effort can be analyzed with available tools. The controller response in different maneuvers is evaluated in simulations and experimentally on a low friction test track.
P2D-5 Time-Reversal of Photo-Acoustic Waves Generated by Optical Contrasts in an Optically Diffusive Tissue Phantom (2006)

Time-reversal of ultrasonic waves allows focusing ultrasound through complex media, such as highly aberrating or highly diffusive media. Time-reversal is based on the detection and re-emission of waves generated by ultrasound sources located within the investigated medium. Classically, these sources consist of high acoustic contrasts echoing ultrasonic waves generated by an incident ultrasonic field, or directly by point-like transducers inserted in the medium. In this work, we use contrast of optical nature as sources of photo-acoustic waves to perform time-reversal experiments. Briefly, photo-acoustic waves are ultrasonic waves generated by the thermoelastic expansion following the absorption of a light pulse. A tissue phantom with optical contrast was fabricated by embedding an optically absorbing gel sphere (with a diameter of approximately 1 mm and an optical absorption coefficient on the order of 0.5 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> ) in an optically diffusive intralipid solution (reduced scattering coefficient on the order of 10 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> ). A Q-switched pulsed Nd:YAG laser was used to illuminate the tissue phantom with 80 mJ nanosecond laser pulses. A 1.5 MHz ultrasound array connected to a 64-channel time-reversal electronics was used to detect, record and time-reverse the photo-acoustic signals back towards the absorbing gel sphere. The quality of the focusing was assessed in the presence of a strong acoustically aberrating medium, and was found to be identical to that obtained without aberrator. As an example of application, B-mode images of several nylon wires were built in the presence of the aberrator, based on the time-reversed and steered wavefront generated by an absorbing gel sphere hung to one of the wire
PRIMAGE project: predictive in silico multiscale analytics to support childhood cancer personalised evaluation empowered by imaging biomarkers (2020)

PRIMAGE is one of the largest and more ambitious research projects dealing with medical imaging, artificial intelligence and cancer treatment in children. It is a 4-year European Commission-financed project that has 16 European partners in the consortium, including the European Society for Paediatric Oncology, two imaging biobanks, and three prominent European paediatric oncology units. The project is constructed as an observational in silico study involving high-quality anonymised datasets (imaging, clinical, molecular, and genetics) for the training and validation of machine learning and multiscale algorithms. The open cloud-based platform will offer precise clinical assistance for phenotyping (diagnosis), treatment allocation (prediction), and patient endpoints (prognosis), based on the use of imaging biomarkers, tumour growth simulation, advanced visualisation of confidence scores, and machine-learning approaches. The decision support prototype will be constructed and validated on two paediatric cancers: neuroblastoma and diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. External validation will be performed on data recruited from independent collaborative centres. Final results will be available for the scientific community at the end of the project, and ready for translation to other malignant solid tumours.
Measurement of Top Quark Polarization in Top-Antitop Events from Proton-Proton Collisions ats=7  TeVUsing the ATLAS Detector (2013)

This Letter presents measurements of the polarization of the top quark in top-antitop quark pair events, using 4.7 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at √s=7 TeV. Final states containing one or two isolated leptons (electrons or muons) and jets are considered. Two measurements of α(ℓ)P, the product of the leptonic spin-analyzing power and the top quark polarization, are performed assuming that the polarization is introduced by either a CP conserving or a maximally CP violating production process. The measurements obtained, α(ℓ)P(CPC)=-0.035±0.014(stat)±0.037(syst) and α(ℓ)P(CPV)=0.020±0.016(stat)(-0.017)(+0.013)(syst), are in good agreement with the standard model prediction of negligible top quark polarization.
Stat‐poly(Ethylene oxide‐co‐propylene oxide). Synthesis, NMR characterization and crystallinity studies. Correlation with monte carlo simulation (1996)

Abstract Low‐molecular‐weight stat‐poly(ethylene oxide‐co‐propylene oxide) polymers have been prepared anionically using a new heterogeneous catalytic process previously reported. They were fully characterized by 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopy in order to determine the distribution of the ethylene oxide (EO)‐centered triads, as well as the average lengths of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) sequences. Low degrees of crystallization were determined by DSC. These copolymers have been successfully used for applications in the solid polymer electrolytes field and high levels of conductivity at room temperature have been measured. The results are in good agreement with those obtained from a Monte Carlo simulation method using the copolymerization terminal model developed for radical polymerization.
An Ultra-Low-Power interference-robust IR-UWB transceiver chipset using self-synchronizing OOK modulation (2010)

A short-range 1 Mb/s 3.8 GHz IR-UWB transceiver in 90 nm CMOS uses 1.5 pulse/bit synched-OOK modulation, enabling low-complexity 200 pJ/b digital demodulation and synchronization. An interference-robust asynchronous energy detector receiver can tolerate interferers up to -5 dBm. The power-gated oscillator-based transmitter has a power efficiency of 10.4%.
Demonstration of fast optical protection in ROADM system with one-chip color/direction-independent add/drop multiplexer employing silicon photonic circuit (2009)

We experimentally demonstrated wavelength path and transponder fault recovery in ROADM system with one-chip color/direction-independent add/drop multiplexers employing silicon photonic circuit. Fault recovery time of less than 50ms was achieved for both fault cases.
Expanded delta networks for very large parallel computers (1992)

We analyze a generalization of the traditional delta network, dubbed Expanded Delta Network (EDN), which provides multiple paths that can be exploited to reduce contention. In massively parallel SIMD computers, the trend is to put a large number of processors on a chip, but due to I/O constraints only a subset of the processors may have access to the network at any time. This leads to the Restricted Access Expanded Delta Network of which the MasPar MP-1 router network is an example.
Novel junction level cooling in pulsed GaN devices (2012)

Gallium nitride (GaN) based RF power transistor technology offers the unique combination of higher power, higher efficiency and wider bandwidth. However, the extremely high power densities create new challenges for heat dissipation. In pulsed GaN devices, each duty cycle consists of an active period of heat generation followed by an inactive period. The device temperature oscillates causing thermal stresses leading to device fatigue and life reduction. In this paper, we present a novel junction level cooling technique based on a compact thermal storage design that involves phase change material (PCM) filled micrometer-sized grooves etched in the semiconductor substrate. PCM located close to the junction absorbs waste heat during the active period and dissipates the heat to a heat sink during the inactive period. Computational simulations proved the feasibility of the concept and showed reduction in junction level temperatures. High electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) were fabricated on a GaN-on-silicon wafer with micrometer-sized grooves. The selection of appropriate PCM (critical for concept's success) to completely fill the grooves was done by performing wetting tests. DC and pulsed characterization of the new PCM-enabled devices showed up to 10% improvement in the electrical device performance (due to enhanced thermal management) compared to baseline GaN transistors.
GaAs/Al 0.3 Ga 0.7 As multiquantumwell dual focus Fresnel lens-modulator (2000)

A bias-dependent dual focus Fresnel lens-modulator, based on the quantum confined Stark effect in a GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As multiquantum well pin diode, is demonstrated. A focused intensity modulation of a factor of 7, primarily due to the electroabsorption effect, is obtained with a bias change of 12 V.
A potent radiolabeled human renin inhibitor [3H]SR42128: enzymatic, kinetic, and binding studies to renin and other aspartic proteases (1987)

The in vitro binding of [3H]SR42128 (Iva-Phe-Nle-Sta-Ala-Sta-Arg), a potent inhibitor of human renin activity, to purified human renin and a number of other aspartic proteases was examined. SR42128 was found to be a competitive inhibitor of human renin, with a Ki of 0.35 nM at pH 5.7 and 2.0 nM at pH 7.4; it was thus more effective at pH 5.7 than at pH 7.4. Scatchard analysis of the interaction binding of [3H]SR42128 to human renin indicated that binding was reversible and saturable at both pH 5.7 and pH 7.4. There was a single class of binding sites, and the KD was 0.9 nM at pH 5.7 and 1 nM at pH 7.4. The association rate was 10 times more rapid at pH 5.7 than at pH 7.4, but there was no difference between the rates of dissociation of the enzyme-inhibitor complex at the two pHs. The effect of pH on the binding of [3H]SR42128 to human renin, cathepsin D, pepsin, and gastricsin was also examined over the pH range 3-8. All the aspartic proteases had a high affinity for the inhibitor at low pH. However, at pH 7.4, [3H]SR42128 was bound only to human renin and to none of the other aspartic proteases. Competitive binding studies with [3H]SR42128 and a number of other inhibitors on human renin or cathepsin D were used to examine the relationships between structure and activity in these systems.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Effect of nitrogen sources and fermentation conditions on bacillus sp. R2 chitinase production (2018)

The nutritional and environmental conditions have a great influence on chitinase production, due to the receptor-inducer system that control enzymes production.in these sense, the aim of this study was to screen several nitrogen sources and optimize the most important fermentation conditions affecting Bacillus sp. R2 chitinase production. The results of one variable at time technique (OVAT) in shake flasks, revealed that among various nitrogen sources tested 0.5% yeast extract led to maximum production. Furthermore, the highest chitinase activity was detected after 24 h incubation period at temperature of 30C, initial pH: 7.5, 2.5 to 3% NaCl concentration and under 180 rpm shaking using 2.5% (8.9 × 108 CFU/ml) as best inoculum size. These optimizations can reduce the cost of chitinase production for the large scale specially
UBM evaluation of mechanisms that drive intraocular pressure (IOP) decrease after ultrasound ciliary plasty (UCP) with high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), towards a new explanation of the role of uveoscleral pathway outflow (2017)

Purpose Ultrasound ciliary plasty technique is a new therapeutic approach in refractory glaucoma under maximal hypotensive medication, with coagulation of ciliary body. Our UBM evaluation found an atrophy of the ciliary body ( ACB ) as well as an widening of the uveo‐scleral pathway ( UP ). We evaluated the correlation between UBM observations and IOP decrease. Methods We conducted a prospective, observational, monocentric study, with 24 eyes from 19 patients, recruited between July 2015 and October 2016, undergoing systematic pre‐operative and postoperative visits at D7, M1, M3 with IOP measurement and UBM in 8 axes (the 6 ultrasound‐treated zones and 2 non‐treated zones).The evaluation of the UBM pictures was conducted by 2 experienced surgeons, analyzing the existence or absence of a de novo UP as well as the ACB . Results ACB was found to be significant in UBM pictures and predominant in the therapeutic success group (60% of the axes analyzed for at least one of the reviewers for patients with IOP decrease maintained at M3 follow‐up versus 46% of axis in case of failure (p = 0.17).An opening of the UP was observed in the UBM pictures, observable in 53% of axes with patients in success group versus 45% of axis in patients whose IOP had failed to decrease. UBM found a gradual narrowing of the possible UP during the follow‐up in more than half of the axes analyzed irrespective of the IOP result. Conclusions The mechanisms of action responsible for IOP decrease after UCP have not been studied in great enough detail so far. Our study highlights several mechanisms contributing to IOP decrease: on the one hand, the decrease of the aqueous humor production by means of atrophy of the ciliary processes; and on the other, a second ‐ and less expected phenomenon ‐ of an increase in aqueous humour outflow due to a wider uveoscleral pathway, clearly visible in UBM pictures.
Hetero-Structure Integration using an Atmospheric Plasma Treatment for Surface Preparation before its Interconnection (2011)

One of the open challenges, related to the heterogeneous devices stacking, is its surface preparation, in order to assure the optimal electrical connections, and finally achieve the high performance structures having the stacked chips and passive components. Several techniques, using dry or wet process, allow the surface activation and preparation before the successive vertical interconnection achievement. We report the implementation of an environment friendly method, developed for chips and passive circuits surface preparation before its interconnection. This method is based on the use of atmospheric-pressure plasma source generating the radicals flux in the nitrogen or noble gases, mixed with a small volume of reactive gases, in order to stimulate the surface reactions. The surface properties of various treated materials were characterised by water drop contact angle, FTIR and TXRF method. The results of these behaviours allow defining a dedicated flow chart, in order to apply this surface treatment for the self-positioning of small silicon chips on the connection pads of printed passive circuits. Optimised process was applied to the silicon ICs chips assembly on the flexible polymeric substrates with passive devices; furthermore the treatment potentiality was also proved for other type of substrates and materials used for hetero structure integration. The application example given in this study concerns a novel approach of FRID tag assembly.
Approved but non-funded vaccines: Accessing individual protection (2013)

Funded immunization programs are best able to achieve high participation rates, optimal protection of the target population, and indirect protection of others. However, in many countries public funding of approved vaccines can be substantially delayed, limited to a portion of the at-risk population or denied altogether. In these situations, unfunded vaccines are often inaccessible to individuals at risk, allowing potentially avoidable morbidity and mortality to continue to occur. We contend that private access to approved but unfunded vaccines should be reconsidered and encouraged, with recognition that individuals have a prerogative to take advantage of a vaccine of potential benefit to them whether it is publicly funded or not. Moreover, numbers of "approved but unfunded" vaccines are likely to grow because governments will not be able to fund all future vaccines of potential benefit to some citizens. New strategies are needed to better use unfunded vaccines even though the net benefits will fall short of those of funded programs. Canada, after recent delays funding several new vaccine programs, has developed means to encourage private vaccine use. Physicians are required to inform relevant patients about risks and benefits of all recommended vaccines, publicly funded or not. Likewise, some provincial public health departments now recommend and promote both funded and unfunded vaccines. Pharmacists are key players in making unfunded vaccines locally available. Professional organizations are contributing to public and provider education about unfunded vaccines (e.g. herpes zoster, not funded in any province). Vaccine companies are gaining expertise with direct-to-consumer advertising. However, major challenges remain, such as making unfunded vaccines more available to low-income families and overcoming public expectations that all vaccines will be provided cost-free, when many other recommended personal preventive measures are user-pay. The greatest need is to change the widespread perception that approved vaccines should be publicly funded or ignored.
All-electrical control of scaled spin logic devices based on domain wall motion (2020)

Spin logic devices based on domain wall (DW) motion offer flexible architectures to store and carry logic information in a circuit. In this device concept, information is encoded in the magnetic state of a magnetic track shared by multiple magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) and is processed by DW motion. Here, we demonstrate that all-electrical control of such nanoscale DW-based logic devices can be realized using a novel MTJ stack. In addition to field-driven motion, which is isotropic, we show directional motion of DWs driven by current, a key requirement for logic operation. Full electrical control of an AND logic gate using DW motion is demonstrated. Our devices are fabricated in imec's 300 mm CMOS fab on full wafers which clears the path for large scale integration. This proof-of-concept thus offers potential solutions for high-performance and low-power DW-based devices for logic and neuromorphic applications.
The Pattern of Memory Loss Resulting From Intravenously Administered Diazepam (1979)

A word recognition task was designed to determine the stage in memory affected by a single 10-mg intravenous injection of diazepam and the duration of the effect. Injection in three experimental subjects produced an anterograde amnesia for the 14 to 24-minute period immediately after injection. Memory loss resulted from impaired storage, the stage during which information is entered into memory. Retention and retrieval stages of memory were unaffected. This temporary amnesia may result from increased inhibition in the hippocampal system produced by diazepam, which shares many properties with the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid.
A male infant with spinal lipoma accompanied by ureteral inguinal hernia (2022)

The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors Increase Urinary Free Cortisol in Patients with Carney Complex and Primary Pigmented Nodular Adrenocortical Disease (2021)

Abstract Primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD) is a rare cause of ACTH-independent Cushing syndrome predominantly associated with Carney Complex (CNC), a multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome primarily caused by inactivating defects in PRKAR1A. PPNAD, which has neuroendocrine features, demonstrates cortisol production in response to serotonin as well as increased expression of tryptophan hydroxylase type 2, a serotonin synthesizing enzyme, and the serotonin (5-HT) receptors types 4, 6, and 7. This creates an autocrine/paracrine serotonergic regulatory loop that activates cortisol production. PPNAD can be diagnosed through a 6-day Liddle test (LT) showing a paradoxical increase of &amp;gt;50% from baseline in 24-h urinary free cortisol (UFC) on the 2nd day of high-dose dexamethasone administration (Day 6). Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) inhibit the reuptake of serotonin and are widely used for the treatment of depression. We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with CNC and PPNAD that underwent a LT to evaluate the effect of SSRIs on UFCs, with the hypothesis that SSRI use leads to an exaggerated increase in UFC through presumed activation of the described serotonergic regulatory loop. Of the 34 patients (4–65 y) with CNC and PPNAD that underwent a LT at our institution between 2004 and 2018, 4 took an SSRI during testing. No differences were observed between the SSRI (S) group and the non-SSRI (NS) group in baseline UFCs and the percent increase in UFC on D6. Specifically, the median (IQR) baseline UFC in the S group was 36 (13–252) mcg/24h (nl 4–56) vs 35 (13–98) mcg/24h in the NS group (P=0.95). The percent change in UFC was 208 (93–683)% in the S group and 185 (28–364)% in the NS group (P=0.89). However, there was a difference for overall UFC measurement (across days 1–6 of the LT) in the S group vs the NS group (P=0.03). Age &amp;lt;18 vs 18+ and sex did not have an effect on the outcomes (P=0.17 and P=0.74, respectively). Thus, we conclude that though the percent change in UFC during the LT was similar in both groups, there was a significant difference in overall UFC in the S group when compared to the NS group. These data support an effect of SSRIs and serotonin on UFC and consequently cortisol production in PPNAD. This interesting observation has to be confirmed in more patients with CNC and PPNAD to further elucidate the effects of SSRIs on cortisol production in patents with PPNAD-caused Cushing syndrome, as this may have significant diagnostic and therapeutic implications.
An Adaptive Image-based Plagiarism Detection Approach (2018)

Identifying plagiarized content is a crucial task for educational and research institutions, funding agencies, and academic publishers. Plagiarism detection systems available for productive use reliably identify copied text, or near-copies of text, but often fail to detect disguised forms of academic plagiarism, such as paraphrases, translations, and idea plagiarism. To improve the detection capabilities for disguised forms of academic plagiarism, we analyze the images in academic documents as text-independent features. We propose an adaptive, scalable, and extensible image-based plagiarism detection approach suitable for analyzing a wide range of image similarities that we observed in academic documents. The proposed detection approach integrates established image analysis methods, such as perceptual hashing, with newly developed similarity assessments for images, such as ratio hashing and position-aware OCR text matching. We evaluate our approach using 15 image pairs that are representative of the spectrum of image similarity we observed in alleged and confirmed cases of academic plagiarism. We embed the test cases in a collection of 4,500 related images from academic texts. Our detection approach achieved a recall of 0.73 and a precision of 1. These results indicate that our image-based approach can complement other content-based feature analysis approaches to retrieve potential source documents for suspiciously similar content from large collections. We provide our code as open source to facilitate future research on image-based plagiarism detection.