gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Offshore experiments on a direct-driven Wave Energy Converter (2007)

Surface gravity waves in the world’s oceans contain a renewable source of free power on the order of terawatts that has to this date not been commercially utilized. The division of Electricity at Uppsala University is developing a technology to harvest this energy. The technology is a point absorber type wave energy converter based on a direct-driven linear generator placed on the sea bed connected via a line to a buoy on the surface. The work in this thesis is focused mainly on the energy transport of ocean waves and on increasing the transfer of energy from the waves to the generator and load. Potential linear wave theory is used to describe the ocean waves and to derive the hydrodynamic forces that are exerted on the buoy. Expressions for the energy transport in polychromatic waves travelling over waters of finite depth are derived and extracted from measured time series of wave elevation collected at the Lysekil test site. The results are compared to existing solutions that uses the simpler deep water approximation. A Two-Body system wave energy converter model tuned to resonance in Swedish west coast sea states is developed based on the Lysekil project concept. The first indicative results are derived by using a linear resistive load. The concept is further extended by a coupled hydrodynamic and electromagnetic model with two more realistic non-linear load conditions. Results show that the use of the deep water approximation gives a too low energy transport in the time averaged as well as in the total instantaneous energy transport. Around the resonance frequency, a Two-Body System gives a power capture ratio of up to 80 percent. For more energetic sea states the power capture ratio decreases rapidly, indicating a smoother power output. The currents in the generator when using the Two-Body system is shown to be more evenly distributed compared to the conventional system, indicating a better utilization of the electrical equipment. Although the resonant nature of the system makes it sensitive to the shape of the wave spectrum, results indicate a threefold increase in annual power production compared to the conventional system.
Evidence and a novel hypothesis for the role of dendritic cells and Porphyromonas gingivalis in adult periodontitis (1999)

We have proposed a novel overall hypothesis and approach to understanding the pathophysiology of adult periodontitis, one of the most common diseases that afflicts the US population. While mortality of the dentition is the most familiar outcome of adult periodontitis, its links with other more severe diseases, including coronary artery disease, respiratory diseases and pre-term labor, cannot be ignored. We have called attention to the many intriguing parallels between adult periodontitis and contact hypersensitivity (CHS). CHS is among the most common of dermatoses that afflicts mankind and one of the most intensively studied of in vivo immune responses. Both adult periodontitis and CHS target the host integument (gingiva or skin) and appear to involve the activation and sensitization of similar subsets of antigen capture and presenting cells, the dendritic cells (DCs), as well as similar T cell subsets. DCs have been termed "nature's adjuvant", being more efficient at antigen-presentation than macrophages or B cells and the only antigen-presenting cells that can stimulate naïve T cells to proliferate. This immunostimulatory capacity can also have detrimental effects for the host, as typified by graft-vs.-host disease and CHS responses. Both AP and CHS involve a predominantly destructive T cell response mediated by both regulatory and effector T cells. In the present paper, we show intriguing evidence that Porphyromonas gingivalis is a unique pathogen in this regard, able to infect, sensitize and activate DCs in vitro and, probably, in situ. Many questions about the role of P. gingivalis-sensitized DCs in adult periodontitis, and of the parallels between adult periodontitis and CHS, however, remain to be answered.
ChemInform Abstract: Concise Enantioselective Syntheses of (+)‐L‐733,060 and (2S,3S)‐3‐Hydroxypipecolic Acid by Cobalt(III)(salen)‐Catalyzed Two‐Stereocenter Hydrolytic Kinetic Resolution of Racemic Azido Epoxides. (2014)

Abstract Both substances are prepared with 99% enantiomeric excess.
Identification of the Ligand-Binding Regions in the Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Receptor Extracellular Domain (1993)

The c-fms gene encodes the receptor for the macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), and its extracellular domain consists of five immunoglobulin-like subdomains. To identify which of the five immunoglobulin-like regions are involved in ligand binding, we polymerase chain reaction-cloned five segments of the extracellular domain of the murine c-fms gene, each starting with the normal initiation codon and containing successive additions of the immunoglobulin-like subdomains. These protein segments are designated A, B, C, D, and E and contain, from the N-terminal end, either one, two, three, four, or all five immunoglobulin-like subdomains, respectively. Each segment was expressed as a secreted soluble protein from a baculovirus expression vector in Sf9 insect cells. In addition, segments A, B, C, and E were produced as soluble alkaline phosphatase fusion proteins, as was a segment containing only the fourth and fifth immunoglobulin domains. These segments of the Fms extracellular domain were used to assess M-CSF binding by competition radioimmunoassays, plate binding immunoassays, and immunoprecipitation analyses. The results indicated that the first two N-terminal immunoglobulin-like domains did not interact with M-CSF but, in combination with the third immunoglobulin-like domain, provided high-affinity M-CSF binding. The fourth and fifth immunoglobulin-like domains near the cell membrane did not exhibit M-CSF binding and may inhibit interaction of M-CSF with the first three immunoglobulin domains. These results suggest that the three N-terminal immunoglobulin-like domains constitute the high-affinity M-CSF binding region and that the fourth and fifth immunoglobulin-like domains may perform functions other than ligand binding.
Discovering semantically meaningful places from pervasive RF-beacons (2009)

Detecting visits to semantically meaningful places is important for many emerging mobile applications. We present PlaceSense, a place discovery algorithm suitable for mobile devices that exploits pervasive RF-beacons. By relying on separate mechanisms to detect entrance to and departure from a place and buffering overlapping data for subsequent visits, it is more robust than the state-of-the-art, especially in detecting short visits, places where people are mobile, or where inconsistent beacons are prevalent due to interference. We experimentally evaluate PlaceSense's effectiveness in discovering semantically meaningful places, and compare with other approaches that use coordinates or RF-beacon fingerprints. Our results demonstrate that PlaceSense correctly discovers 92% (compared to between 28% and 65% for previous work) of the visited places and accurately detects their entrance and departure times from both real-life and scripted data sets.
Protecting Indirect Branches Against Fault Attacks Using ARM Pointer Authentication (2021)

Physically exposed embedded devices used in the IoT or automotive area are frequently targeted by fault attacks. Mitigating this threat is crucial as such attacks can be used to hijack the control-flow and bypass secure boot, gain arbitrary code execution, or retrieve sensitive information. However, control-flow integrity (CFI), which aims to be an effective countermeasure thwarting fault induced control-flow hijacking attacks, do not protect addresses, allowing an attacker to still hijack the control-flow of indirect branches. To counteract unwanted bit flips, data encoding schemes are frequently used to add redundancy to these addresses. However, as software-based data encoding schemes yield large runtime overheads, encoding schemes typically require custom CPU changes, which are not feasible for off-the-shelf systems. Hence, software-based address redundancy schemes for commodity devices are needed to thwart fault attacks on indirect branches. In this paper, we utilize the ARM pointer authentication feature of recent ARM architectures to efficiently protect the target addresses of indirect calls. In addition to the address protection, we further enhance the state update function of existing CFI schemes to protect the link between indirect control-flow transfers. To demonstrate how these defense mechanisms improve the protection of state-of-the-art CFI countermeasures, we integrate our address encoding and linking strategy into a previously introduced CFI scheme. We further extend a LLVM-based toolchain to automatically thwart fault attacks on indirect branches without user interaction. Our analysis shows an negligible overhead of less than 2.34% on average for protecting target addresses of indirect branches and the link between indirect branches for SPEC2017.
The development of picosecond ultrasonics (2006)

Brown University has been a center for acoustics research for a very long time. Over the past 20 years, efforts have been directed towards the development of a new measurement technique that makes possible experiments on very thin films and other small structures of current interest in the computer industry. This method has also made it possible to make sound attenuation measurements over the frequency range from 10 GHz up to approximately 1000 GHz. The method will be described and some examples of its application will be presented.
232 PARTHENOGENETIC DEVELOPMENT AND PLOIDY OF BOVINE OOCYTES FOLLOWING VARIOUS CHEMICAL ACTIVATION REGIMENS (2007)

Bovine oocytes treated using various combinations of ionomycin (Ion), cycloheximide (CHX), and cytochalasin B (CCB) were evaluated for developmental rates and ploidy status. Metaphase II oocytes were allocated 5 treatment groups, and the groups were treated as follows: Group 1: 5 µm Ion for 5 min; Group 2: Ion + 10 µg mL–1 CHX for 5 h; Group 3: Ion + 10 µg mL–1 CHX + 5 µg mL–1 CCB for 1 h + 10 µg mL–1 CHX for 4 h; Group 4: Ion + 10 µg mL–1 CHX + 5 µg mL–1 CCB for 3 h + 10 µg mL–1 CHX for 2 h; and Group 5: Ion + 10 µg mL–1 CHX + 5 µg mL–1 CCB for 5. Difference among groups was analyzed using one-way ANOVA by SPSS 10.0 (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). In Experiment 1, 430 oocytes in 4 replicates were compared for the extrusion rate of the second polar body (PB) at 8 h after Ion treatment among groups. Group 5 exhibited significantly ( P &amp;lt; 0.05) lower rates of second PB extrusion than did Groups 1–4 (22% v . 53–67%). Experiment 2 compared the rates of cleavage at 48 h and development to the blastocyst stage at 216 h after Ion treatment among groups. A total of 536 oocytes were used in 5 replicates. Parthenotes in Group 1 showed lower rates of cleavage and blastocyst development than those in other groups (20% and 1% v . 53–67% and 6–31%). Among the groups, parthenotes in Group 5 showed significantly ( P &amp;lt; 0.05) higher blastocyst development. In Experiment 3, at 8 h after Ion treatment, oocytes from Groups 2, 3, and 5 were divided into two subgroups based on the presence or absence of the second PB, and assessed for cleavage rates and ploidy in 239 2-cell-stage parthenotes in 4 replicates, as described earlier by King et al . (1979 Vet. Sci. Commun. 3, 51–56). The cleavage rates did not differ among activation treatments, or by the presence or absence of the second PB in any activation group. The haploid rate was significantly ( P &amp;lt; 0.05) higher in Group 2 than in Groups 3 and 5 (38% v . 19% and 0%, respectively). The diploid rate was significantly ( P &amp;lt; 0.05) higher in Group 5 than in Groups 2 and 3 (88% v . 69% and 45%, respectively). In Experiment 4, the diploid rate of Group 2 blastocyst-stage parthenotes was 100% (4/4), whereas the diploid rates of Groups 3 and 5 blastocyst-stage parthenotes were 50% (6/12) and 71% (17/24), respectively, but the rates did not differ among groups. These results indicate that oocyte activation by CHX/CCB for 5 h after Ion treatment could enhance parthenogenetic development in bovines with higher rates of diploidy by preventing the extrusion of the second PB.
Participação e influência política no conselho municipal de saúde de Curitiba (2005)

Neste artigo, analisamos o processo decisório do Conselho Municipal de Saúde de Curitiba (CMSC), tendo como foco a distribuição da influência política entre os diversos segmentos. Após explorar o modelo fundado na posse de recursos, concluímos que a distribuição da influência política no CMSC não pode ser atribuída, exclusivamente, à posse diferenciada de recursos convencionais. Propomos, então, uma versão ampliada desse modelo, incluindo recursos não-convencionais. Além disso, sugerimos que os fatores que configuram os contextos nos quais os conselhos se inserem contribuem para a formação de distintos padrões de ação e interação e ajudam a explicar porque nem sempre os recursos se traduzem em influência política.
Disability Design and Innovation in Low Resource Settings: Addressing Inequality Through HCI (2021)

Approximately 15% of the world's population has a disability and 80% live in low resource-settings, often in situations of severe social isolation. Technology is often inaccessible or inappropriately designed, hence unable to fully respond to the needs of people with disabilities living in low resource settings. Also lack of awareness of technology contributes to limited access. This workshop will be a call to arms for researchers in HCI to engage with people with disabilities in low resourced settings to understand their needs and design technology that is both accessible and culturally appropriate. We will achieve this through sharing of research experiences, and exploration of challenges encountered when planning HCI4D studies featuring participants with disabilities. Thanks to the contributions of all attendees, we will build a roadmap to support researchers aiming to leverage post-colonial and participatory approaches for the development of accessible and empowering technology with truly global ambitions.
Abstract 19177: Effect of Aging on Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy Patients (2014)

Background: The role of patient age on the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy in ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) is controversial, with some data suggesting a decline in responsiveness with age. We hypothesized that the therapeutic effect of culture expanded MSCs persists even in older subjects. Methods: We divided ICM patients from the TAC-HFT and POSEIDON trials who received MSCs via transendocardial stem cell injection (TESI) into two age groups: <60 yrs vs. ≥ 60 yrs. Functional capacity measures: Six Minute Walking Distance (6MWD) and quality of life measures: Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) score were compared at baseline, at 6 months and 1 year post-TESI. Cardiac imaging parameters including absolute scar size, ejection fraction (EF), end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), and sphericity index (SI) were compared at baseline and 1-year post-TESI. Results: Median age of the 49 patients was 63.2 years (range, 32.5-79.0 yrs) with 47% being <60 and 53%...
An EST-based analysis identifies new genes and reveals distinctive gene expression features of Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora (2011)

We present the first comprehensive genome-wide transcript profile study of C. arabica and C. canephora, which can be freely assessed by the scientific community at http://www.lge.ibi.unicamp.br/coffea. Our data reveal the presence of species-specific/prevalent genes in coffee that may help to explain particular characteristics of these two crops. The identification of differentially expressed transcripts offers a starting point for the correlation between gene expression profiles and Coffea spp. developmental traits, providing valuable insights for coffee breeding and biotechnology, especially concerning sugar metabolism and stress tolerance.
Indium tin oxide thin films for organic light-emitting devices (1999)

High-quality indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films (150–200 nm) were grown on glass substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) without postdeposition annealing. The electrical, optical, and structural properties of these films were investigated as a function of substrate temperature, oxygen pressure, and film thickness. PLD provides very uniform ITO films with high transparency (⩾85% in 400–700 nm spectrum) and low electrical resistivity (2–4×10−4 Ω cm). The Hall mobility and carrier density for a 170-nm-thick film deposited at 300 °C are 29 cm2/V s and 1.45×1021 cm−3, respectively. Atomic force microscopy measurements of the ITO films indicated that their root-mean-square surface roughness (∼5 Å) is superior to that (∼40 Å) of commercially available ITO films deposited by sputtering. ITO films grown at room temperature by PLD were used to study the electroluminescence (EL) performance of organic light-emitting devices. The EL performance was comparable to that measured with commercial ITO anodes.
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of Blood Plasma for Diagnosis of Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease (2009)

There are currently no accepted blood-based biomarkers of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). Augmented oxidative stress has been implicated in both neural and peripheral AD tissues. In this study, we determined whether short-wavelength near-infrared (NIR) spectrophotometry of blood plasma differentiates mild sporadic AD from normal aging. NIR analysis was conducted on 75 microl plasma samples from 19 AD, 27 amnestic MCI, and 17 normal elderly control (NEC) persons using an optical fiber-coupled, holographic grating-based NIR spectrograph. Five spectral bands associated with heme, R-CH, R-OH, H2O, and R-NH functional groups were sensitive to oxidative modification in pre-clinical studies and were pre-selected to develop a logistic regression model for sample classification. This model differentiated AD from NEC samples with a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 77%. Fifteen and twelve MCI patients were classified with the NEC and AD groups, respectively. The spectra were not influenced by age, gender, exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors or vitamin E, or sample storage time. The NIR data further implicate oxidative stress in the systemic pathophysiology of sporadic AD and differentiate mild (and possibly pre-clinical) AD from NEC individuals with moderate-high accuracy. The procedure is minimally-invasive, rapid, relatively-inexpensive, and may provide a useful biological marker of sporadic AD.
Protein Backbone Dynamics through 13C‘−13Cα Cross-Relaxation in NMR Spectroscopy (2006)

Internal dynamics of proteins are usually characterized by the analysis of (15)N relaxation rates that reflect the motions of NH(N) vectors. It was suggested a decade ago that additional information on backbone motions can be obtained by measuring cross-relaxation rates associated with intra-residue C'C(alpha) vectors. Here we propose a new approach to such measurements, based on the observation of the transfer between two-spin orders 2N(z)() and 2N(z)(). This amounts to "anchoring" the and operators to the N(z)() term from the amide of the next residue. In combination with symmetrical reconversion, this method greatly reduces various artifacts. The experiment is carried out on human ubiquitin at 284.1 K, where the correlation time is 7.1 ns. The motions of the C'C(alpha) vector appear more restricted than those of the NH(N) vector.
Rat pheochromocytoma tyrosine hydroxylase is phosphorylated on serine 40 by an associated protein kinase. (1987)

Tyrosine hydroxylase, a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of catecholamines, was previously shown to be phosphorylated on four distinct serine residues in PC12 cell cultures, each one being specific for the kinase system involved (McTigue, M., Cremins, J., and Halegoua, S. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 9047-9056). A cAMP- and Ca2+-independent protein kinase was found to be associated with tyrosine hydroxylase purified from rat pheochromocytoma tumor. The use of this activity and the availability of a large amount of purified tyrosine hydroxylase allowed identification of the site phosphorylated by this kinase activity. A peptide of 1.5 kDa (about 12 residues long), carrying the phosphorylation site, was released from 32P-labeled tyrosine hydroxylase by limited proteolysis with trypsin. This peptide was isolated from trypsinized tyrosine hydroxylase by sequential gel filtration and ion exchange chromatographies. Analysis by thin layer chromatography of an acid hydrolysate of the peptide revealed that it contained phosphoserine. The sequence determination of the peptide showed that it corresponded to the residues 38-45 in the tyrosine hydroxylase primary structure (Arg-Gln-Ser(P)-Leu-Ile-Glu-Asp-Ala). Thus, the associated kinase phosphorylated Ser-40, one of the phosphorylation sites for the cAMP-dependent protein kinase also found in rat pheochromocytoma tumors. These results are compared to those recently appearing in a report by Campbell et al. (Campbell, D. G., Hardie, D. G., and Vulliet, P. R. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261, 10489-10492).
A Pilot Study of the Feasibility and Accuracy of Inpatient Continuous Glucose Monitoring (2020)

There are minimal data assessing the accuracy or use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in hospitalized patients. Our group was interested in its use in the perioperative period, since we suspect we would identify more extremes and thus more dangerous blood glucose levels than seen with traditional bedside blood glucose monitoring. Given the lack of data for CGM use in hospitalized patients, and the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), we felt this is a critical time to share our data. Use of CGM could potentially reduce the number of health care provider contacts and use of personal protective equipment.

Eligible patients were adults (age ≥18 years) with diabetes who used intermittent home blood glucose monitoring and who were scheduled to undergo an elective general surgery at University of Washington Medical Center. The study protocol was approved by the University of Washington Institutional Review Board. The study was also registered as a clinical trial.

Continuous intravenous insulin infusion was used per hospital algorithm (target blood glucose 100 mg/dL [5.6 mmol/L] to 180 mg/dL [10.0 mmol/L]) until oral consumption was resumed, at which time subcutaneous insulin was initiated. This …
DNA Array Decoding from Nonlinear Measurements by Belief Propagation (2007)

We propose a signal recovery method using Belief Propagation (BP) for nonlinear Compressed Sensing (CS) and demonstrate its utility in DNA array decoding. In a CS DNA microarray, the array spots identify DNA sequences that are shared between multiple organisms, thereby reducing the number of spots required. The sparsity in DNA sequence commonality between different organisms translates to conditions that render Belief Propagation (BP) efficient for signal reconstruction. However, an excessively high concentration of target DNA molecules has a nonlinear effect on the measurements ̲ it causes saturation in the measurement intensities at the array spots. We use a modified BP to estimate the target signal coefficients since it is flexible to handle the nonlinearity unlike l1 decoding or other greedy algorithms and show that the original signal coefficients can be recovered from saturated measurements of their linear combinations.