gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning and Optimization Algorithms for Fault Diagnosis and Prognosis in Automotive Systems (2015)

Rapid advances in electronics, control, communication and computing technologies have resulted in complex network-embedded automotive systems. A major goal for safe and reliable operation of complex systems is to develop robust analytical tools/algorithms, based on an information ensemble generated from integrated sensor-based (also referred to as data-driven), model-based and knowledge-based approaches, which enable early diagnosis and prognosis of incipient faults. Fault diagnosis is the process of fault localization (root-cause isolation) and severity estimation (identification); whereas fault prognosis is the process of early diagnosis and remaining useful life estimation.\nIn this dissertation, we develop fault detection, diagnosis, and prognosis algorithms to detect and isolate faults in various automotive subsystems. In the first application, a systematic model-based and data-driven diagnostic process is developed to detect and diagnose faults in a regenerative braking system in hybrid electric vehicles. The results demonstrate that highly accurate fault diagnosis is possible with state-of-the-art classification techniques.\nIn the second application, we develop a data-driven framework for fault diagnosis by analyzing the vehicle health data acquired from test fleet and production vehicles via dealer diagnostics. The framework features data pre-processing, data visualization, clustering, classification, and fusion techniques and is applied to real-world failure datasets. The results demonstrate various ways to achieve good accuracy in detecting/isolating faults.\nIn the third application, we develop incremental learning classification methodologies to classify faults based on evolving databases. The performance of adaptive (or incremental learning) classification techniques is discussed when (i) the new data has the same fault classes and same features, and (ii) when the new data has new fault classes, but with the same set of observed features. The proposed methodology is demonstrated on datasets derived from an automotive electronic throttle control subsystem.\nFinally, in the fourth application, a unified prognostic framework is developed to estimate the component degradations. The framework employs Cox proportional hazards model and soft dynamic multiple fault diagnosis algorithm for inferring the degraded state trajectories of components. The capabilities of the framework are demonstrated on two different automotive subsystems. The proposed framework is modular, leading to flexible and evolvable software architecture for prognostics and health management.
Murine Models of Cancer Cytokine Gene Therapy Using Interleukin‐12a (1996)

Cytokine gene therapy, in particular IL-12 gene therapy, is one of the more novel and promising approaches in cancer therapy based on significant preclinical data derived mainly from murine tumor models. IL-12 is a heterodimeric cytokine that requires the simultaneous expression of both the p35 and p40 chains from the same cell for production of biologically active IL-12. A variety of biological functions have been attributed to IL-12 including the induction of IFN-gamma production and the promotion of predominantly Th1-type immune responses to antigens. Our previous studies using systemic administration of recombinant murine IL-12 have demonstrated profound antitumor efficacy against all tumors tested with the concomitant long-lived specific antitumor immunity in some cases. To determine whether the local secretion of IL-12 achieved by gene transduction has significant antitumor effects, fibroblast cell lines or murine tumor cell lines were transduced with expression plasmids or the retroviral vector TFG-mIL-12-Neo and inoculated intradermally (i.d.). Our first study using IL-12-transfected NIH3T3 cells admixed with the murine melanoma, BL-6, showed that local IL-12 expression suppresses tumor growth and promotes the acquisition of specific antitumor immunity. Subsequent studies showed that IL-12 gene therapy is also effective in treating established day 3 tumors. CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as well as NK cells, appear to play important roles in the observed antitumor effects resulting from IL-12 paracrine secretion. Administration of neutralizing antibody specific for IFN-gamma also abrogated some of the IL-12-associated antitumor effects. Finally, this IL-12 gene therapy strategy to elicit an antitumor immune response was more effective when used in combination with the transduction of tumor cells with B7.1. Based on these promising results, a clinical protocol for the treating patients with cancer using genetically engineered fibroblasts to express IL-12 has been initiated at our institution.
A cancer ubiquitome landscape identifies metabolic reprogramming as target of Parkin tumor suppression (2021)

Changes in metabolism that affect mitochondrial and glycolytic networks are hallmarks of cancer, but their impact in disease is still elusive. Using global proteomics and ubiquitome screens, we now show that Parkin, an E3 ubiquitin ligase and key effector of mitophagy altered in Parkinson's disease, shuts off mitochondrial dynamics and inhibits the non-oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway. This blocks tumor cell movements, creates metabolic and oxidative stress, and inhibits primary and metastatic tumor growth. Uniformly down-regulated in cancer patients, Parkin tumor suppression requires its E3 ligase function, is reversed by antioxidants, and is independent of mitophagy. These data demonstrate that cancer metabolic networks are potent oncogenes directly targeted by endogenous tumor suppression.
Sympathetic Hyperactivity, Increased Tyrosine Hydroxylase and Exaggerated Corpus Cavernosum Relaxations Associated with Oxidative Stress Plays a Major Role in the Penis Dysfunction in Townes Sickle Cell Mouse (2016)

Our study shows that decreased nitric oxide bioavailability in erectile tissue due to increased oxidative stress leads to both sympathetic hyperactivity and dysregulation of nitric oxide signaling in corpus cavernosum from Townes sickle mice.
Pseudorapidity dependence of long-range two-particle correlations in pPb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV (2017)

Two-particle correlations in pPb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV are studied as a function of the pseudorapidity separation ( ) of the particle pair at small relative azimuthal angle (| | < /3). The correlations are decomposed into a jet component that dominates the short-range correlations (| | < 1), and a component that persists at large and may originate from collective behavior of the produced system. The events are classified in terms of the multiplicity of the produced particles. Finite azimuthal anisotropies are observed in high-multiplicity events. The second and third Fourier components of the particle-pair azimuthal correlations, V 2 and V 3 , are extracted after subtraction of the jet component. The single-particle anisotropy parameters v 2 and v 3 are normalized by their laboratory frame midrapidity value and are studied as a function of c.m. . The normalized v 2 distribution is found to be asymmetric about c.m. = 0, with smaller values observed at forward pseudorapidity, corresponding to the direction of the proton beam, while no significant pseudorapidity dependence is observed for the normalized v 3 distribution within the statistical uncertainties.
Intravitreal Injection with a Conjunctival Injection Device: A Single-Center Experience (2020)

The study provides evidence to suggest that the InVitria may be deployed effectively in clinical practice.
[The role of phospholipase A2, 5-lipoxygenase, and cyclooxygenase in activation of human neutrophil "oxygen burst": the modulating effect of osmolality of the medium]. (1994)

The roles of phospholipase A2, 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase in activation of "oxidative burst" in human neutrophils have been studied under isoosmotic (320 mOsM), hypoosmotic (200 mOsM) and hyperosmotic (420 mOsM) conditions. The oxidative burst induced by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), calcium ionophore A23187 and opsonized zymosan was followed by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (CL). There were no differences in the concentration dependences of CL inhibition at 320 mOsM and 200 mOsM in the presence of the phospholipase A2 inhibitor, p-bromphenacylbromide. Contrariwise, at 420 mOsM the sensitivity to inhibition was decreased by PMA and A23187 but increased by opsonized zymosan. A change in the medium osmolality in the presence of the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor quercetin did not result in the modification of the concentration dependence of CL inhibition induced by any of the activators. In the presence of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, meclofenamic acid, the "oxidative burst" induced by PMA and A23187 at 200 mOsM was manifested as a decrease of the sensitivity to inhibition, while at 420 mOsM this sensitivity was increased in comparison with that observed under isoosmotic conditions. The data obtained suggest that phospholipase A2 and cyclooxygenase play a role in the mechanism of the modulating effect of the medium osmolality on the "oxidative burst" in neutrophils, while 5-lipoxygenase is unimportant for this process.
Can We Execute Reliable MM-PBSA Free Energy Computations of Relative Stabilities of Different Guanine Quadruplex Folds? (2016)

The self-assembly and stability of DNA G-quadruplexes (GQs) are affected by the intrinsic stability of different GpG base steps embedded in their G-quartet stems. We have carried out MD simulations followed by MM-PBSA (molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area) free energy calculations on all the experimentally observed three-quartet intramolecular human telomeric GQ topologies. We also studied antiparallel GQ models with alternative syn-anti patterns of the G-quartets. We tested different ions, dihedral variants of the DNA force field, water models, and simulation lengths. In total, ∼35 μs of simulations have been carried out. The systems studied here are considerably more complete than the previously analyzed two-quartet stems. Among other effects, our computations included the stem-loop coupling and ion-ion interactions inside the stem. The calculations showed a broad agreement with the earlier predictions. However, the increase in the completeness of the system was associated with increased noise of the free energy data which could be related, for example, to the presence of long-lived loop substates and rather complex dynamics for the two bound ions inside the G-stem. As a result, the MM-PBSA data were noisy and we could not improve their quantitative convergence even by expanding the simulations to 2.5 μs long trajectories. We also suggest that the quality of MM-based free energy computations based on MD simulations of complete GQs is more sensitive to the neglect of explicit polarization effects, which, in real systems, are associated with the presence of multiple closely spaced ions inside the GQs. Thus, although the MM-PBSA procedure provides very useful insights that complement the structural-dynamics data from MD trajectories of GQs, the method is far from reaching quantitative accuracy. Our conclusions are in agreement with critical assessments of the MM-PBSA methodology available in contemporary literature for other types of problems.
High-throughput image-activated cell sorting with intelligence (Conference Presentation) (2019)

In this talk, I introduce high-throughput intelligence-powered image-activated cell sorting or an “imaging” version of fluorescence-activated cell sorting [Cell 175, 1 (2018)] that realizes real-time image-based intelligent cell sorting at an unprecedented rate of ~100 events per second. This technology integrates high-speed cell microscopy, focusing, and sorting methods on rapid hybrid software-hardware data-management infrastructure, enabling real-time automated operation for data acquisition, data processing, decision-making, and actuation. I present two unique applications in microbiology and hematology enabled by the technology and discuss how technology enables machine-based scientific discovery in diverse biological and medical sciences.
In Vitro Effects of DuP 753, a Nonpeptide Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonist, on Human Platelets and Rat Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (1991)

These experiments were designed to assess the ability of the new nonpeptide angiotensin II antagonist DuP 753 to inhibit the binding and, particularly, to antagonize the cellular response to angiotensin II in human platelets and primary cultures of rat aortic smooth muscle cells (SMC). The binding of 125I-angiotensin II was competitively inhibited by DuP 753 with a 50% binding inhibition (IC50) of 5 to 6 x 10(-8) mol/L in platelets and 1 x 10(-8) mol/L in vascular SMC as compared to an IC50 of 5 to 7.5 x 10(-9) mol/L with nonlabeled angiotensin II. In vascular SMC, DuP 753 completely abolished the effects of angiotensin II on 45CaCl2 efflux and 45CaCl2 uptake. Moreover, in these latter cells, DuP 753 prevented the angiotensin II but not the vasopressin induced increase in cytosolic calcium. These results demonstrate that DuP 753 competes with angiotensin II binding to its receptor in both animal and human cells and selectively blocks the cellular response to angiotensin II.
Optical and Electrical Characterization of Hydrogen-Plasma-Damaged Silicon Surface Structures and Its Impact on In-line Monitoring (2010)

Si surface damage induced by H 2 plasmas was studied in detail by optical and electrical analyses. Spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) revealed a decrease in the pseudo-extinction coefficient &lt;κ&gt; in the region of photon energy higher than ∼3.4 eV upon H 2 -plasma exposure, which is attributed to the disordering of crystalline silicon (c-Si). The increase in &lt;κ&gt; in the lower energy region indicates the presence of trap sites for photogenerated carriers in the energy band gap in the E – k space of Si. The current–voltage ( I – V ) measurement of metal-contacted structures was performed, revealing the following characteristic structures: thinner surface (SiO 2 ) and thicker interface (SiO 2 :c-Si) layers on the Si substrate in the case of H 2 -plasma exposure than those with Ar- and/or O 2 -plasma exposure. The structure assigned on the basis of both SE and I – V was further analyzed by a layer-by-layer wet-etching technique focusing on the removability of SiO 2 and its etch rate. The residual damage-layer thickness for the H 2 -plasma process was thicker (∼10 nm) than those for other plasma processes (&lt;2 nm). Since the interface layer plays an important role in the optical assessment of the plasma-damage layer, the present findings imply that a conventional two-layer (SiO 2 /Si) optical model should be revised for in-line monitoring of H 2 -plasma damage.
An Angiogenic Role for Adrenomedullin in Choroidal Neovascularization (2013)

ADM signaling is involved in laser-induced CNV formation, because both an ADM antagonist and ADM mAb significantly inhibited it. Suppression of ADM signaling might be a valuable alternative treatment for CNV associated with age-related macular degeneration.
In-flight monitoring and optimization of MCP performance of multi-spacecraft missions (2003)

The Cluster mission comprises four 'identical' satellites devoted to the study of the Earth's magnetosphere. For accurate differential measurements, it is important to maintain a precise understanding of instrument performance. Hence, for Cluster and future multi-spacecraft missions, an effective method of in-orbit monitoring and optimisation of detector behaviour is essential. This is particularly challenging in the case of microchannel plates (MCPs), especially in the situation where, because of lifetime considerations, no scrubbing of the plates was performed prior to launch. This paper explores just this problem in the case of the Cluster-PEACE sensors where the problem is made yet more difficult since mass and power constraints severely limited the amount of diagnostic data available from the instrument - in particular, no pulse height information is directly available. We describe here a technique that lets us evaluate the degradation of the MCPs in space and optimise the operation of the instrument to provide consistent performance. Utilising data from the two sensors on each satellite from various regions of space and coupling with ground characterisation/calibration data, normalised pulse height distributions are indirectly extracted. Although the general behaviour is as expected, the performance shows considerable differences between the different sensors. The results also differ considerably in detail from lifetime tests carried out with a representative MCP on the ground.
ANALYSIS OF BACKWARD ERROR RECOVERY FOR CONCURRENT PROCESSES WITH RECOVERY BLOCKS. (1983)

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/7581/5/bad2173.0001.001.pdf
Microfluidic Squeezing Enables MHC Class I Antigen Presentation by Diverse Immune Cells to Elicit CD8+ T Cell Responses with Antitumor Activity (2022)

CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell responses are the foundation of the recent clinical success of immunotherapy in oncologic indications. Although checkpoint inhibitors have enhanced the activity of existing CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell responses, therapeutic approaches to generate Ag-specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell responses have had limited success. Here, we demonstrate that cytosolic delivery of Ag through microfluidic squeezing enables MHC class I presentation to CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells by diverse cell types. In murine dendritic cells (DCs), squeezed DCs were ∼1000-fold more potent at eliciting CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell responses than DCs cross-presenting the same amount of protein Ag. The approach also enabled engineering of less conventional APCs, such as T cells, for effective priming of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells in vitro and in vivo. Mixtures of immune cells, such as murine splenocytes, also elicited CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell responses in vivo when squeezed with Ag. We demonstrate that squeezing enables effective MHC class I presentation by human DCs, T cells, B cells, and PBMCs and that, in clinical scale formats, the system can squeeze up to 2 billion cells per minute. Using the human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) murine model, TC-1, we demonstrate that squeezed B cells, T cells, and unfractionated splenocytes elicit antitumor immunity and correlate with an influx of HPV-specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells such that >80% of CD8s in the tumor were HPV specific. Together, these findings demonstrate the potential of cytosolic Ag delivery to drive robust CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell responses and illustrate the potential for an autologous cell-based vaccine with minimal turnaround time for patients.
Aberrant Expression of Mucin Core Proteins and O-Linked Glycans Associated with Progression of Pancreatic Cancer (2013)

There are significant alterations in mucin expression and posttranslational processing during progression of pancreatic cancer from early lesions to metastasis. The results are presented in the context of how mucins influence the biology of tumor cells and their microenvironment during progression of pancreatic cancer.
Reconstructing random media. II. Three-dimensional media from two-dimensional cuts (1998)

We report on an investigation concerning the utilization of morphological information obtained from a two-dimensional (2D) slice (thin section) of a random medium to reconstruct the full three-dimensional (3D) medium. We apply a procedure that we developed in an earlier paper that incorporates any set of statistical correlation functions to reconstruct a Fontainebleau sandstone in three dimensions. Since we have available the experimentally determined 3D representation of the sandstone, we can probe the extent to which intrinsically 3D information (such as connectedness) is captured in the reconstruction. We considered reconstructing the sandstone using the two-point probability function and lineal-path function as obtained from 2D cuts (cross sections) of the sample. The reconstructions are able to reproduce accurately certain 3D properties of the pore space, such as the pore-size distribution, the mean survival time of a Brownian particle, and the fluid permeability. The degree of connectedness of the pore space also compares remarkably well with the actual sandstone. However, not surprisingly, visualization of the 3D pore structures reveals that the reconstructions are not perfect. A more refined reconstruction can be produced by incorporating higher-order information at the expense of greater computational cost. Finally, we remark that our reconstruction study sheds light on the nature of information contained in the employed correlation functions.
A framework on developing integrative medicine clinical practice guideline for stroke management and rehabilitation in Hong Kong (2022)

Clinical practice guidelines are essential to provide optimal recommendations for patients' prognosis. With proper methodology, this framework will facilitate the formation of clinical practice guideline for stroke through synthesizing evidences in the scope of integrative medicine.
Intelligent Partitioning in Distributed Optimization of Electric Power Systems (2015)

Distributed optimization techniques in electric power systems have drawn increased attention as they provide a scalable way to handle the increasingly complex and large-scale optimization problems associated with the optimal operation of the system. However, little effort has been reported on how to optimally partition the overall optimization problem into subproblems, which significantly affects the efficiency and convergence speed of distributed methods. To address this issue, this paper focuses on how to determine the optimal partition for a given system and optimization problem, and quantify the improvement obtained with the optimal partition in terms of number of iterations and convergence time for solving the ac optimal power flow problem. The proposed approach is based on spectral clustering using a combination of the Hessian matrix of the optimization problem and the admittance matrix as the affinity matrix. Simulation results for the IEEE test systems with 14, 30, 57, 118, and 300 buses confirm the effectiveness of the proposed partitioning method, and the robustness of the performance of a certain partition with respect to the operating point of the system.