gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Second Order Differential Equations with Rational Coefficients (1989)

The authors exhibit two linearly independent real solutions, ${f_1}$ and ${f_2}$, to $w'' + Hw = 0$ such that ${f_1}{f_2}$ is transcendental, ${f_1}$ and ${f_2}$ have only real zeros and poles and $H$ is a nonconstant rational function. This shows the sharpness of a recent result of Hellerstein and Rossi. Some related results are also proved.
Optical injection locking of transverse modes in 13-µm wavelength coupled-VCSEL arrays (2014)

Optical injection locking of 1.3-µm phase-locked VCSEL arrays defined by patterned tunnel junctions and wafer fusion is investigated experimentally and theoretically. The impact of the overlap between the master laser injection beam and the injected modes is demonstrated and explained with a rate equation model that incorporates the spatial variations.
Association Between the Acidemia, Lactic Acidosis, and Shock Severity With Outcomes in Patients With Cardiogenic Shock (2022)

Background Lactic acidosis is associated with mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS). Elevated lactate levels and systemic acidemia (low blood pH) have both been proposed as drivers of death. We, therefore, analyzed the association of both high lactate concentrations and low blood pH with 30-day mortality in patients with CS. Methods and Results This was a 2-center historical cohort study of unselected patients with CS with available data for admission lactate level or blood pH. CS severity was graded using the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Intervention (SCAI) shock classification. All-cause survival at 30 days was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional-hazards analysis. There were 1814 patients with CS (mean age, 67.3 years; 68.5% men); 51.8% had myocardial infarction and 53.0% had cardiac arrest. The distribution of SCAI shock stages was B, 10.8%; C, 30.7%; D, 38.1%; and E, 18.7%. In both cohorts, higher lactate or lower pH predicted a higher risk of adjusted 30-day mortality. Patients with a lactate ≥5 mmol/L or pH <7.2 were at increased risk of adjusted 30-day mortality; patients with both lactate ≥5 mmol/L and pH <7.2 had the highest risk of adjusted 30-day mortality. Patients in SCAI shock stages C, D, and E had higher 30-day mortality in each SCAI shock stage if they had lactate ≥5 mmol/L or pH <7.2, particularly if they met both criteria. Conclusions Higher lactate and lower pH predict mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock beyond standard measures of shock severity. Severe lactic acidosis may serve as a risk modifier for the SCAI shock classification. Definitions of refractory or hemometabolic shock should include high lactate levels and low blood pH.
Tautomerism in Pyrazino[2,3-c]-1,2,6-thiadiazine 2,2-Dioxides (1988)

Etude de la tautomerie des composes du titre en solution par spectroscopies UV, RMN ( 13 C et 15 N) et a l'etat solide par cristallographie par diffraction RX
Stereoselective Synthesis of All Four Isomers of Coronamic Acid: A General Approach to 3-Methanoamino Acids (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereoselective Synthesis of All Four Isomers of Coronamic Acid: A General Approach to 3-Methanoamino AcidsAndre B. Charette and Bernard CoteCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 51, 12721–12732Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00156a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00156a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1118Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Stress-induced tunneling nanotubes support treatment adaptation in prostate cancer (2019)

Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are actin-based membranous structures bridging distant cells for intercellular communication. We define roles for TNTs in stress adaptation and treatment resistance in prostate cancer (PCa). Androgen receptor (AR) blockade and metabolic stress induce TNTs, but not in normal prostatic epithelial or osteoblast cells. Co-culture assays reveal enhanced TNT formation between stressed and unstressed PCa cells as well as from stressed PCa to osteoblasts. Stress-induced chaperones clusterin and YB-1 localize within TNTs, are transported bi-directionally via TNTs and facilitate TNT formation in PI3K/AKT and Eps8-dependent manner. AR variants, induced by AR antagonism to mediate resistance to AR pathway inhibition, also enhance TNT production and rescue loss of clusterin- or YB-1-repressed TNT formation. TNT disruption sensitizes PCa to treatment-induced cell death. These data define a mechanistic network involving stress induction of chaperone and AR variants, PI3K/AKT signaling, actin remodeling and TNT-mediated intercellular communication that confer stress adaptative cell survival.
A novel method for fabricating capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers with ultra-thin membranes (2005)

Production of ultra-thin membranes facilitates the development of miniature capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUTs), which have great potential in biomedical imaging applications. We introduce a novel process, incorporating atomic layer deposition (ALD) and diffusion bonding, for the fabrication of CMUTs with ultra-thin membranes. First, an Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ layer is deposited on an upper silicon wafer by ALD. Next, a gold layer is deposited on the Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ layer and patterned to create circular cavities. Then the whole structure is transferred to a bottom wafer by diffusion bonding and the upper silicon wafer is etched away to release the Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ membrane. Finally, another gold layer is deposited on the membrane for wiring and membrane excitation. Initial results show high quality membranes can be produced using this process with highly conformal surface qualities and extremely thin dimensions (<300 nm). Based on the dimensional characteristics created by this process, we simulate the performance of these transducers using equivalent circuit analysis. The results show that this new fabrication method provides another avenue for optimizing CMUT performance, especially in power savings, sensitivity and potentially increased reliability. Work to test the fabricated elements is currently under way.
Supplementary Data 8 from Discovery of JNJ-63576253, a Next-Generation Androgen Receptor Antagonist Active Against Wild-Type and Clinically Relevant Ligand Binding Domain Mutations in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;JNJ-63576253 inhibits AR nuclear localization&lt;/p&gt;
Finned-Ladder Slow-Wave Circuit for a TWT (2004)

A finned-ladder structure has been invented in an effort to improve the design of the slow-wave circuit of a traveling-wave tube (TWT). The point of departure for the design effort was a prototype TWT that contains a ring-plane slow-wave circuit (see Figure 1). The design effort was a response to the observation that despite the high-power capabilities of the ringplane TWT, its requirement for a high supply voltage and its low bandwidth have made it unacceptable for use outside a laboratory setting.
Flexural properties of resin composites: Influence of specimen dimensions and storage conditions (2013)

This study evaluated the influence of specimen dimensions and storage medium and temperature on the flexural properties of one dental resin composite. The material utilized throughout the study was Clearfil AP-X. Eighty specimens were built with dimensions of either 10×2×2 mm or 25×2×2 mm, stored dry or in distilled water, at 25 or 37ºC, for 24 h. Flexural strength and modulus were tested in three-point bending. Results were evaluated with three-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=0.05). Statistical significance was observed for all three factors: temperature (37ºC=190.8 MPa, 25ºC=165.3 MPa; p<0.01), storage medium (water=167.7 MPa, Dry=188.4 MPa; p<0.01) and specimen dimensions (10×2×2 mm=197.9 MPa, 25×2×2 mm=158.2 MPa; p<0.01). None of the interactions were significant. Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that factors such as specimen dimensions, storage medium and temperature significantly affect flexural strength results, which invalidates comparisons of results from studies that use different methodologies.
Silicon nanowire network metal-semiconductor-metal photodetectors (2013)

We report on the fabrication and characterization of solution-processed, highly flexible, silicon nanowire network based metal-semiconductor-metal photodetectors. Both the active part of the device and the electrodes are made of nanowire networks that provide both flexibility and transparency. Fabricated photodetectors showed a fast dynamic response, 0.43 ms for the rise and 0.58 ms for the fall-time, with a decent on/off ratio of 20. The effect of nanowire-density on transmittance and light on/off behavior were both investigated. Flexible photodetectors, on the other hand, were fabricated on polyethyleneterephthalate substrates and showed similar photodetector characteristics upon bending down to a radius of 1 cm.
Random access for massive MIMO systems with intra-cell pilot contamination (2016)

Massive MIMO systems, where the base stations are equipped with hundreds of antenna elements, are an attractive way to attain unprecedented spectral efficiency in future wireless networks. In the "classical" massive MIMO setting, the terminals are assumed fully loaded and a main impairment to the performance comes from the inter-cell pilot contamination, i.e., interference from terminals in neighboring cells using the same pilots as in the home cell. However, when the terminals are active intermittently, it is viable to avoid inter-cell contamination by pre-allocation of pilots, while same-cell terminals use random access to select the allocated pilot sequences. This leads to the problem of intra-cell pilot contamination. We propose a framework for random access in massive MIMO networks and derive new uplink sum rate expressions that take intra-cell pilot collisions, intermittent terminal activity, and interference into account. We use these expressions to optimize the terminal activation probability and pilot length.
Effect of zinc chloride on the radical polymerization of cyclohexyl acrylate (1983)

Abstract The paper presents a study of the radical polymerization of cyclohexyl acrylate (CHA) in the presence of ZnCl 2 . It was found by IR, 1 H NMR, and 13 C NMR spectroscopy that a complex of ZnCl 2 with CHA is formed. For copolymerization of CHA with vinylidene chloride, both the Q ‐ and e ‐value of CHA increased with the ZnCl 2 concentration. The initiation rate and k / k t were determined using DPPH as an inhibitor. It was found that ZnCl 2 did not affect the initiation rate. The k p value of CHA was determined to be about 2720 1 · mol −1 · s −1 in the absence and 4710 1 · mol −1 · s −1 in the presence of ZnCl 2 by the rotating sector method. The enhanced polymerization rate of CHA in the presence of ZnCl 2 can be ascribed to the large k p value. The termination rate constant is not significantly affected by the presence of ZnCl 2 .
Selective Equatorial Sclera Crosslinking in the Orbit Using a Metal-Coated Polymer Waveguide (2019)

Flexible polymer waveguides with reflective, biocompatible surfaces are useful for sclera crosslinking to achieve targeted light delivery. We anticipate that our demonstrated procedure will be applicable to sclera crosslinking in live animal models and, potentially, humans in vivo.
Spontaneous release of acetylcholine affects the physiological nicotinic responses of rat retinal ganglion cells in culture (1988)

Nictonic cholinergic responses have been previously documented in mammalian retinal ganglion cells. In the present study, dissociated retinal cells were densely plated and grown in a specific batch of rat serum. When held at negative potentials during whole-cell recording with a patch electrode, the retinal ganglion cells located close to presumptive cholinergic amacrine cells in these cultures were found to respond to acetylcholine (ACh; 20-200 microM) with an apparent outward current in the presence of physiological salines on both sides of the membrane. Other nicotinic agonists (nicotine, carbachol) produced the same effect. Conductance measurements revealed that this apparent outward current was actually a decrease in a tonic inward current. Nicotinic antagonists such as d-turbocurarine (10 microM) and dihydro-beta-erythroidine (20 microM), when applied in dishes that had never been exposed to exogenous ACh, produced a similar decrease in a tonic inward current. The reversal potential of the tonic current suppressed by ACh was similar to the nicotinic current previously studied in these central neurons. Furthermore, purified acetylcholinesterase was capable of modulating the tonic inward current of the retinal ganglion cells. Lowering an excised patch of muscle into dense areas of the retinal cultures activated nicotinic channels in the muscle membrane, indicating the presence of endogenous ACh in the culture fluid. Divalent cations such as Co2+ blocked the tonic inward current of retinal ganglion cells in these cultures. Finally, direct biochemical measurements indicated that low levels of endogenous ACh (on the order of 0.5 microM near putative cholinergic amacrine cells) were present in the retinal cultures. Taken together, these results show that ACh was being spontaneously released into these cultures, resembling at least to some degree the tonic leakage of ACh found in the intact retina. This concentration of ACh was capable of tonically depolarizing the membrane potential of retinal ganglion cells exposed to this dosage. This culture system allows the study of trophic effects of ACh on a central mammalian neuron in a precisely controlled extracellular environment.
New Monordens Produced by Amidepsine‐Producing Fungus Humicola sp. FO‐2942. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHETIC STUDIES ON FLAVONE DERIVATIVES. XV. ISOMERIZATION OF CHALCONES INTO O FLAVANONES IN METHYL CELLOSOLVE‐PHOSPHORIC ACID (1984)

Abstract Die Chalcone (I) gehen bei der Behandlung mit Polyphosphorsäure (PPA) in ein Gemisch von Edukt (I) und den Flavonen (II) über.
Proton Transfer Reactions on Semiconductor Surfaces (2002)

The concept of proton affinity on semiconductor surfaces has been explored through an investigation of the chemistry of amines on the Ge(100)-2 x 1, Si(100)-2 x 1, and C(100)-2 x 1 surfaces. Multiple internal reflection Fourier transform infrared (MIR-FTIR) spectroscopy, temperature programmed desorption (TPD), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used in the studies. We find that methylamine, dimethylamine, and trimethylamine undergo molecular chemisorption on the Ge(100)-2 x 1 surface through the formation of Ge-N dative bonds. In contrast, primary and secondary amines react on the Si(100)-2 x 1 surface via N-H dissociation. Since N-H dissociation of amines at semiconductor surfaces mimics a proton-transfer reaction, the difference in chemical reactivities of the Ge(100)-2 x 1 and Si(100)-2 x 1 surfaces toward N-H dissociation can be interpreted as a decrease of proton affinity down a group in the periodic table. The trend in proton affinities of the two surfaces is explained in terms of thermodynamics and kinetics. Solid-state effects on the C(100)-2 x 1 surface and the surface proton affinity concept are discussed based on our theoretical predictions.
Geometric-guided label propagation for moving object detection (2016)

Moving object segmentation in video has uses in many applications and is a particularly challenging task when the video is acquired by a moving camera. Typical approaches that rely on principal component analysis (PCA) tend to extract scattered sparse components of the moving objects and generally fail in extracting dense object segmentations. In this paper, a novel label propagation framework based on motion vanishing point (MVP) analysis is proposed to address the challenges. A weighted graph is constructed with image pixels as nodes and the MVP-guided approach is used to define the graph weights. Label propagation is then performed by incorporating the graph Laplacian. In addition, a PCA result is used to initialize the foreground/background labels. Experiments on the Hopkins data set of outdoor sequences captured by a hand-held moving camera demonstrate that the proposed label propagation method outperforms state-of-the-art PCA and spectral clustering methods for a dense segmentation task. Moreover, the framework is capable of correcting mislabeled foreground pixels and thus does not require accurate initial label assignment.
Compressional De-watering of Suspensions - from Fundamentals to Application (2000)

Over the past 15 years substantial improvements have been made in our understanding of the compressional rheology of suspensions with the advent of new measurement techniques and refinement of our fundamental understanding of phenomena. In the study of solid - liquid separation of concentrated suspensions, the development of a fundamental mathematical framework for determining the compressive yield stress, Py , and the hindered settling factor, r (o) has been a significant advance. The situation exists now where mathematical models of the operation of industrial de-watering apparatuses can be used to extend the fundamental research into a tool for process design and optimisation. A new variation on the traditional laboratory filter press design, operation and data treatment will be described which enables rapid determination of the de-watering parameters. It will be demonstrated how results can then be manipulated for use in optimisation and design of : - Filter press operation. - Thickener and Clarifier operation. - Chemical additive types, rates and dosage systems. - Long-term behaviour of tailings deposits. Current results and research demonstrate the powerful emerging capability for practical application based on fundamental rheological research.
Optical monitoring of bubble size and shape in a pulsating bubble surfactometer (2005)

The pulsating bubble surfactometer (PBS) is often used for in vitro characterization of exogenous lung surfactant replacements and lung surfactant components. However, the commercially available PBS is not able to dynamically track bubble size and shape. The PBS therefore does not account for bubble growth or elliptical bubble shape that frequently occur during device use. More importantly, the oscillatory volume changes of the pulsating bubble are different than those assumed by the software of the commercial unit. This leads to errors in both surface area and surface tension measurements. We have modified a commercial PBS through the addition of an image-acquisition system, allowing real-time determination of bubble size and shape and hence the accurate tracking of surface area and surface tension. Compression-expansion loops obtained with the commercially available PBS software were compared with those provided by the image-analysis system for dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, Infasurf, and Tanaka lipids (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine-palmitoyloleoylphosphatidyl-glycerol-palmitic acid, 68:22:9) at concentrations of 0.1 and 1.0 mg/ml and at frequencies of 1 and 20 cycles/min. Whereas minimum surface tension as determined by the image-analysis system is similar to that measured by the commercially available software, the maximum surface tension and the shapes of the interfacial area-surface tension loops are quite different. Differences are attributable to bubble drift, nonsinusoidal volume changes, and variable volume excursions seen with the modified system but neglected by the original system. Image analysis reveals that the extent of loop hysteresis is greatly overestimated by the commercial device and that an apparent, rapid increase in surface tension upon film expansion seen in PBS loops is not observed with the image-analysis system. The modified PBS system reveals new dynamic characteristics of lung surfactant preparations that have not previously been reported.
Temperature monitoring of nuclear reactor cores with multiplexed fiber Bragg grating sensors (2002)

In-core temperature measurement is a critical issue for the safe operation of nuclear reactors. Classical thermocouples require shielded connections and are known to drift under high neutron fluence. As an alternative, we propose to take advantage of the multiplexing capabilities of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) temperature sensors. Our experiments show that sensitivity to radiation depends on both the radiation field and the grating characteristics. For some FBGs installed in an air-cooled graphite-moderated nuclear reactor the difference between the measurements and the readings of calibrated backup thermocouples was within the measurement uncertainty. In the worst case, the difference saturated after 30 h of reactor operation at about 5°C. To reach megagray per hour level gamma-dose rates and 1019 neutron/cm2 fluences, we irradiated multiplexed FBG sensors in a material testing nuclear reactor. At room temperature, FBG temperature sensors can survive in such radiation conditions, but at 90°C a severe degradation is observed. We evidence the possibility to use FBG sensing technology for in-core monitoring of nuclear reactors with specific care under well-specified conditions.
Characterization of α,ω-dihydroxypolystyrene by gradient polymer elution chromatography and two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2005)

Abstract Gradient polymer elution chromatography (GPEC) and GPEC × size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) techniques were employed to characterize functionality of hydroxy-telechelic polystyrene (polySt) prepared by two different methods. The first method involved the synthesis of hydroxy-functionalized polySt via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) using a hydroxy-containing initiator and subsequent atom transfer radical coupling (ATRC). For the second method, α,ω-dibromo-polySt was synthesized by ATRP using a dibromo-containing initiator, followed by nucleophilic substitution with azide and click reactions. Utilizing GPEC analysis, the polymers were separated according to their hydroxy functionality. The polySt chains containing less hydroxy groups eluted faster. GPEC analysis successfully separated dihydroxy-polySt from monohydroxy- and nonhydroxy-polySt. For the hydroxy-telechelic polySt obtained from ATRC, GPEC analysis provided quantitative information of the termination by coupling during ATRP and the efficiency of ATRC. During the post-polymerization modification of bromotelechelic polySt by nucleophilic substitution and click reactions, the chain-end functionality of the polySt was changed, while the molecular weight of the polymer remained constant. The powerful ability of GPEC was further demonstrated by sufficiently separating polymers with similar molecular weight but different hydroxy functionality. Keywords: ATOM TRANSFER RADICAL POLYMERIZATION (ATRP)ATOM TRANSFER RADICAL COUPLING (ATRC)GRADIENT POLYMER ELUTION CHROMATOGRAPHY (GPEC)TWO-DIMENSIONAL LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (2D-LC)CLICK MODIFICATION