gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thrombopoietin Initiates Demethylation-Based Transcription of GP6 during Megakaryocyte Differentiation. (2004)

Abstract Glycoprotein VI (GPVI) is an essential platelet receptor for collagens that is exclusively expressed in the megakaryocytic lineage. Transcription of the human gene GP6 is driven largely by GATA-1, Sp1 and Fli-1. However, the mere presence of these is not sufficient to initiate transcription during megakaryocyte differentiation, and other mechanisms are suggested to be involved in the regulation of megakaryocyte-specific expression of GPVI. In this study, we show that GPVI expression during megakaryocytic differentiation is dependent on CpG demethylation that can be initiated by thrombopoietin (TPO). Sodium bisulfite genomic sequencing established that a CpG-rich island within the GP6 promoter region is fully methylated at 10 CpG sites in GPVI non-expressive cell lines, such as UT-7/EPO and C8161, but completely unmethylated in GPVI expressive cell lines, including UT-7/TPO and CHRF288-11. To further confirm the relationship between CpG demethylation and expression of GPVI in primary cells, we treated human cord blood cells with TPO. The GP6 promoter is highly methylated in cord blood mononuclear cells (progenitors) but not in CD41+enriched cells obtained after TPO differentiation. Furthermore, when UT-7/EPO-Mpl cells, which stably express human c-mpl, were treated with TPO, demethylation of the GP6 promoter was induced. In every case, demethylation of the GP6 promoter correlated with an increase in mRNA level. Thus, megakaryocyte-specific expression of the GP6 gene is regulated, in part, by CpG demethylation which can be directly initiated by TPO. Our results establish, for the first time, a role for TPO in dynamic changes in CpG methylation status that are involved in the epigenetic regulation of megakaryocyte-specific gene expression.
Iatrogenic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease at the millennium (2000)

The causes and geographic distribution of 267 cases of iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) are here updated at the millennium. Small numbers of still-occurring cases result from disease onsets after longer and longer incubation periods following infection by cadaveric human growth hormone or dura mater grafts manufactured and distributed before the mid-1980s. The proportion of recipients acquiring CJD from growth hormone varies from 0.3 to 4.4% in different countries, and acquisition from dura mater varies between 0.02 and 0.05% in Japan (where most cases occurred). Incubation periods can extend up to 30 years, and cerebellar onsets predominate in both hormone and graft recipients (in whom the site of graft placement had no effect on the clinical presentation). Homozygosity at codon 129 of the PRNP gene is over-represented in both forms of disease; it has no effect on the incubation period of graft recipients, but may promote shorter incubation periods in hormone cases. Knowledge about potential high-risk sources of contamination gained during the last quarter century, and the implementation of methods to circumvent them, should minimize the potential for iatrogenic contributions to the current spectrum of CJD.
Complete Prevention of Atherosclerosis in ApoE-Deficient Mice by Hepatic Human ApoE Gene Transfer With Adeno-Associated Virus Serotypes 7 and 8 (2006)

We demonstrate that intravenous administration of AAV2/7- and AAV2/8-apoE vectors effectively mediated robust and sustained hepatic-specific expression of apoE and completely prevented atherosclerosis at 1 year.
Expanding the Diversity of Allosteric Bcr-Abl Inhibitors (2010)

Inhibition of Bcr-Abl kinase activity by imatinib for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) currently serves as the paradigm for targeting dominant oncogenes with small molecules. We recently reported the discovery of GNF-2 (1) and GNF-5 (2) as selective non-ATP competitive inhibitors of cellular Bcr-Abl kinase activity that target the myristate binding site. Here, we used cell-based structure-activity relationships to guide the optimization and diversification of ligands that are capable of binding to the myristate binding site and rationalize the findings based upon an Abl-compound 1 cocrystal. We elucidate the structure-activity relationships required to obtain potent antiproliferative activity against Bcr-Abl transformed cells and report the discovery of new compounds (5g, 5h, 6a, 14d, and 21j-I) that display improved potency or pharmacological properties. This work demonstrates that a variety of structures can effectively target the Bcr-Abl myristate binding site and provides new leads for developing drugs that can target this binding site.
Changes in motor cortex excitability with stimulation of anterior thalamus in epilepsy (2006)

Increased short-interval intracortical inhibition with continuous deep brain stimulation (DBS) suggests that thalamic DBS might drive cortical inhibitory circuits, similar to antiepileptic drugs that enhance gamma-aminobutyric acid inhibition.
In situ sonochemical synthesis of luminescent Sn@C-dots and a hybrid Sn@C-dots@Sn anode for lithium-ion batteries (2016)

A facile sonochemical approach is employed for the <italic>in situ</italic> formation of Sn@C-dots <italic>via</italic> ultrasonic irradiation of polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a solvent with molten tin and its decomposition.
Intracellular Inactivation of Thyroid Hormone Is a Survival Mechanism for Muscle Stem Cell Proliferation and Lineage Progression (2014)

Precise control of the thyroid hormone (T3)-dependent transcriptional program is required by multiple cell systems, including muscle stem cells. Deciphering how this is achieved and how the T3 signal is controlled in stem cell niches is essentially unknown. We report that in response to proliferative stimuli such as acute skeletal muscle injury, type 3 deiodinase (D3), the thyroid hormone-inactivating enzyme, is induced in satellite cells where it reduces intracellular thyroid signaling. Satellite cell-specific genetic ablation of dio3 severely impairs skeletal muscle regeneration. This impairment is due to massive satellite cell apoptosis caused by exposure of activated satellite cells to the circulating TH. The execution of this proapoptotic program requires an intact FoxO3/MyoD axis, both genes positively regulated by intracellular TH. Thus, D3 is dynamically exploited in vivo to chronically attenuate TH signaling under basal conditions while also being available to acutely increase gene programs required for satellite cell lineage progression.
THE FIFTH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE (1968)

THE occasion of the Fifth International Congress of Physical Medicine inMontreal is an appropriate moment to ask ourselves explicitly what the role of Physical Medicine is in the changing world of medicine to-day.This is particularly appropriate at a time when there seems to be arising some divergence of the roads along which the specialty is developing in different parts of the world-a divergence which, let it be said, is not necessarily unhealthy or harmful; it may, indeed, be a sign of vigorous growth.But it does call for very clear thinking.This may be helped by a discussion of the present situation in the United Kingdom.Here it is now generally agreed that Physical Medicine is a clinical specialty requiring of its specialists, who have attained the grade of consultant, the capacity to undertake full clinical responsibility.This includes both in-patients, and outpatients referred to them by general practitioners or specialists in other disciplines, for diagnosis and treatment.The major field of activity in such clinical work lies in the disorders associated with diseases of bones, joints, and connective tissue affecting the musculoskeletal system-the rheumatic diseases.It might be regarded, and indeed is by many orthopaedic surgeons, as the medical counterpart of orthopaedic surgery.Physical Medicine is not a therapeutic specialty, though it is, of course, just as much concerned with therapeutics as are physicians and surgeons in any field.It is, however, specially concerned with one branch of therapeutics in that it accepts the responsibility for providing a medical rehabilitation service comprising physiotherapy, occupational therapy, remedial gymnastics, and social resettlement.This requires that specialists in Physical Medicine retain a special interest and training in medical rehabilitation.This
Artificial SrTiO3/SrO Superlattices by Pulsed Laser Deposition (1999)

Artificial SrTiO 3 /SrO superlattice thin films epitaxially grown on SrTiO 3 substrates were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition. The artificial superlattices were designed and fabricated by introducing a Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) layer periodically. The intensity of reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) patterns during the growth of the superlattices increased at the deposition of SrTiO 3 layers and decreased at the deposition of the SrO monolayer, alternately. The gradual intensity decrease of RHEED reflection during SrO layer deposition is attributable to the island growth of SrO. The different type of RP layers normal to the film surface, observed in a high-temperature deposited superlattice, may originate from the higher diffusion condition and island growth of SrO.
Molecular iodine-catalysed oxidative CO–C(alkyl) bond cleavage of aryl/heteroaryl alkyl ketones: an efficient strategy to access fused polyheterocycles (2018)

An efficient molecular iodine-catalysed one-pot strategy has been accomplished for the construction of various fused heterocycles under metal and oxidant free conditions.
Estimating the Concentration of Students from Time Series Images (2020)

In this study, we build a system that is able to estimate the concentration degree of students while they are working with computers. The purpose of learning is to gain knowledge of a subject and to reach sufficient performance level about the subject. Concentration is the key in the successful learning process. But the concept of concentration includes some ambiguity and lacks the clear definition form an engineering point of view, and it is difficult to measure its degree by observation from outside. We in this paper begins with a discussion of the concept of concentration, and then a discussion of how to measure it by using standard devices and sensors. The proposed system investigates the facial images of students recorded by the PC webcams attached to the computers to infer their concentration degree. In this study, we define the concentration degree over a short time interval. The value takes continues value from 0 to 1, and is determined based on the efficiency of simple work performed over the interval. We convert the continuous values into three discrete values: low, middle and high. In the first approach in this study, we apply deep learning algorithm with only the facial images. In the next, we obtain the data of face moves as a set of time series, and run the learning algorithm using both of the data. We explain an outline of the methods and the system with several experimental results.
Real-Time Fpga Implementation And Measured Performance Of I/Q Modulation Based Frequency Synthesizer (2011)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Barcelona, Spain, 2011
Plasmonlike resonances in atomic chains: A time-dependent density-functional theory study (2014)

We studied plasmonlike resonances in one-dimensional (1D) atomic chain systems by using time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT) and local density functional theory. Recent TDDFT studies have shown the coexistence of longitudinal and transverses collective plasmonlike resonances in the atomic chains of simple and noble metals. Such atomic chains contain only a few atoms. The induced polarization occurs along the atomic chain in longitudinal mode and perpendicular to the atomic chain in transverse mode. To understand the emergence of plasmonlike resonance in 1D atomic chains better, we studied carbon chains in which plasmonic resonances are not expected to occur. We used TDDFT to study the emergence of collective resonances in various forms of carbon chains, cumulenes ${\mathrm{C}}_{n}{\mathrm{H}}_{4}$, polyynes ${\mathrm{C}}_{n}{\mathrm{H}}_{2}$, and alkenes ${\mathrm{C}}_{n}{\mathrm{H}}_{n+2}$. The excitation energy and dipole oscillation strengths of these systems were determined through TDDFT by using the turbomole package. We determined how collective plasmonlike resonances arise from single-electron excitations when the number of electrons increases as the carbon chain lengthens. The collective excitation behavior is then compared with that of metallic atomic chains. Our TDDFT results showed longitudinal collective modes for cumulenes and polyynes, as well as for finite-length chains. These collective excitations exhibit the same behavior as that of longitudinal ``plasmon'' previously identified in sodium and silver chains, although polyynes are gapped in the long chain limit. Such longitudinal excitations are absent in alkenes. However, unlike metal atomic chains, carbon chains exhibited no transverse collective mode. The band structure of periodic atomic chains was calculated by using the standard local density functional method. These structures were used to interpret the results and to relate the single-electron excitation to the collective plasmonlike response. Within the one-particle quantum-well picture, the longitudinal mode in the linear atomic chain arises from intraband transition with $\ensuremath{\Delta}q=1$, where $q$ is the quantum number of quantum wells. $\ensuremath{\Delta}q=1$ intraband transitions can be found in metallic (e.g., Na) chains and in carbon chains (cumulenes and polyynes), such longitudinal collective mode is rather ``generic''. Meanwhile, the transverse modes of the sodium chains are attributed to interband transitions with an even $\ensuremath{\Delta}q$ (dominated by $\ensuremath{\Delta}q=0$), and such transverse collective excitations only form if the allowed $\ensuremath{\Delta}q=0$ transitions occur between bands that are parallel to each other. Such bands can be found in simple metals, but not in carbon chains.
A system overview of a small form factor free space optical communication prototype (2020)

Free-space optical communication (FSO) enables high-bandwidth data links that are difficult to detect, intercept, and jam. In this paper we provide an overview of a small form factor FSO prototype intended for UAVs called OCELOT (Optical Communication Efficient Low-profile Terminal). NRL designed, developed, and tested an OCELOT prototype, and demonstrated a 1 Gbps duplex link 16 km across the Chesapeake Bay. We will discuss the design decisions and tradeoffs, highlighting the low-SWaP FSO technologies used in the prototype.
A Prospective, Randomized Multicenter Trial Comparing DoubleLayer and Polyethylene Stents for Malignant Distal Common Bile Duct Strictures (2003)

These results show that DoubleLayer stents have a longer patency period than PE stents. Patients who received PE stents had a higher risk of stent occlusion (relative risk 3.05; 95 % CI, 1.57 - 5.89) before death than DLS patients.
Intravenous Glucose Tolerance, Insulin Response to Glucose, Peripheral Sensitivity to Insulin, and Serum Lipoproteins in Post-Myocardial Infarct Patients with Normal Fasting Blood Glucose (1984)

Intravenous glucose tolerance (IVGTT), basal insulin and insulin response to glucose infusion (GIT), insulin sensitivity, and lipoprotein patterns were determined in non-obese post-coronary subjects, 3-6 months after myocardial infarction. Twelve had decreased and 31 normal IVGTT. The control group comprised 31 subjects with normal IVGTT, who did not display any signs of coronary disease. The post-coronary patients were not taking any drugs except for furosamide, which was shown not to influence insulin response to GIT or glucose tolerance. Decreased IVGTT in the post-coronary patients could be ascribed to decreased insulin response and insulin resistance. These two derangements are considered as hereditary markers in glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes. Accordingly, our findings suggest that glucose intolerance in subjects with myocardial infarcts has the same background. The post-coronary patients demonstrated elevated triglycerides (TG) and cholesterol in total serum and in very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), the lipoprotein patterns being almost identical in post-coronary patients with or without decreased IVGTT. No relationship was found in the control and post-coronary groups between IVGTT, basal insulin, stimulated insulin (KI, IP), and insulin sensitivity (KG), on the one hand, and total or VLDL TG or any other lipoprotein particle, on the other. Thus, the derangements in glucose, insulin, and serum triglyceride metabolism were independent abnormalities (risk factors) in these non-obese post-coronary patients.
Polymorphisms in FcγRIIIA Are Genetically Linked to FcγRIIA and May Account for the Primary Predictive Role Ascribed to Polymorphisms in FcγRIIIA-158 in Determining Rituximab Responses. (2005)

Abstract γWe and others have previously described polymorphisms in codon 158 and 48 for FcγRIIIα as predictors of clinical responses to the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab in patients with low-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, including Waldenström’s Macroglobulinemia. The expression of at least one valine (V) at FcγRIIIα-158 and Leucine/Histidine (L/H) at FcγRIIIα-48 is associated with higher response rates to rituximab, though primacy for FcγRIIIα-158 over 48 polymorphisms for determining rituximab response is attributed to genetic linkage. As part of these studies, we sought to determine if polymorphisms in FCγRIIA were linked to FCγRIIIA since higher response rates have been observed in patients who express Histidine/Histidine (H/H) in FcγRIIA-131. We therefore performed sequence analysis of the whole FcγRIIa gene and exons 3 and 4 of the FcγRIIIa gene in 52 healthy donors. The genetic association between polymorphisms was calculated using the statistical program GOLD and expressed as linkage disequilibrium (D’). Single nucleotide polymorphisms were commonly found in FcγRIIIa at codons 158, 48 and in FcγRIIa at codons 131, 27. The genotype frequencies for polymorphisms are as follows: FcγRIIIa-158: 25% F/F; 63% F/V; 12% V/V; FcγRIIIa-48: 67% L/L; 10% L/R; 17% L/H; FcγRIIa-131: 29% H/H; 46% H/R; 25% R/R; FcγRIIa-27: 71% Q/Q; 27% Q/W; 2% W/W. Strong linkage was found between the FcγRIIIa-158 and −48 (D’=1, p=0.001), as well as between FcγRIIa-131 and -27 (D’=1, p=0.00082). Specifically, the expression of F at FcγRIIIa-158 was found to be associated with expression of L at FcγRIIIa-48, whereas the expression of H at FcγRIIa-131 was associated with the expression of Q at FcγRIIa-27. Importantly, we observed links among polymorphisms at FcγRIIa and FcγRIIIa. Specifically, FcγRIIIa-48 was linked to FcγRIIa-27 (D’=0.765, p&amp;lt;0.00001) and FcγRIIa-131 (D’=1, p=0.0049), since all donors who were FcγRIIIa-48 L/L donors were also FcγRIIa-27Q/Q and -131R/R, respectively. Lastly, we also observed linkage between FcγRIIIa-158 and FcγRIIa-27 (D’=1, p=0.0008). Our results demonstrate significant genetic association between polymorphisms in FcγRIIa and FcγRIIIa genes, and may account for the primary predictive role ascribed to polymorphisms in FcγRIIIa-158 in determining rituximab responses.
Roadmap on ultrafast optics (2016)

The year 2015 marked the 25th anniversary of modern ultrafast optics, since the demonstration of the first Kerr lens modelocked Ti:sapphire laser in 1990 (Spence et al 1990 Conf. on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO, pp 619-20) heralded an explosion of scientific and engineering innovation. The impact of this disruptive technology extended well beyond the previous discipline boundaries of lasers, reaching into biology labs, manufacturing facilities, and even consumer healthcare and electronics. In recognition of such a milestone, this roadmap on Ultrafast Optics draws together articles from some of the key opinion leaders in the field to provide a freeze-frame of the state-of-the-art, while also attempting to forecast the technical and scientific paradigms which will define the field over the next 25 years. While no roadmap can be fully comprehensive, the thirteen articles here reflect the most exciting technical opportunities presented at the current time in Ultrafast Optics. Several articles examine the future landscape for ultrafast light sources, from practical solid-state/fiber lasers and Raman microresonators to exotic attosecond extreme ultraviolet and possibly even zeptosecond x-ray pulses. Others address the control and measurement challenges, requiring radical approaches to harness nonlinear effects such as filamentation and parametric generation, coupled with the question of how to most accurately characterise the field of ultrafast pulses simultaneously in space and time. Applications of ultrafast sources in materials processing, spectroscopy and time-resolved
Melt‐Centrifuged (Bi,Sb)2Te3: Engineering Microstructure toward High Thermoelectric Efficiency (2018)

Microstructure engineering is an effective strategy to reduce lattice thermal conductivity (κ<sub>l</sub> ) and enhance the thermoelectric figure of merit (zT). Through a new process based on melt-centrifugation to squeeze out excess eutectic liquid, microstructure modulation is realized to manipulate the formation of dislocations and clean grain boundaries, resulting in a porous network with a platelet structure. In this way, phonon transport is strongly disrupted by a combination of porosity, pore surfaces/junctions, grain boundaries, and lattice dislocations. These collectively result in a ≈60% reduction of κ<sub>l</sub> compared to zone melted ingot, while the charge carriers remain relatively mobile across the liquid-fused grains. This porous material displays a zT value of 1.2, which is higher than fully dense conventional zone melted ingots and hot pressed (Bi,Sb)<sub>2</sub> Te<sub>3</sub> alloys. A segmented leg of melt-centrifuged Bi<sub>0.5</sub> Sb<sub>1.5</sub> Te<sub>3</sub> and Bi<sub>0.3</sub> Sb<sub>1.7</sub> Te<sub>3</sub> could produce a high device ZT exceeding 1.0 over the whole temperature range of 323-523 K and an efficiency up to 9%. The present work demonstrates a method for synthesizing high-efficiency porous thermoelectric materials through an unconventional melt-centrifugation technique.
107-Gb/s Transmission over 700 km and One Intermediate ROADM using LambdaXtreme® Transport System (2008)

We demonstrate 107-Gb/s single-channel transmission over the commercial all-Raman LambdaXtreme® transport system. Both RZ-DQPSK and NRZ-DQPSK formats were transmitted over 700 km with one reconfigurable optical add drop multiplexer (ROADM) node at 500 km.