gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Contextual Fear Extinction Induces Hippocampal Metaplasticity Mediated by Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 (2017)

Dysregulated fear memory can lead to a broad spectrum of anxiety disorders. The brain systems underlying fear memory are manifold, with the hippocampus being prominently involved by housing fear-related spatial memories as engrams, which are created and stored through neural changes such as synaptic plasticity. Although metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors contribute significantly to both fear behavior and hippocampal synaptic plasticity, the relationship between these two phenomena has not been fully elucidated. Here, we report that contextual fear extinction induces a novel form of metaplasticity mediated by mGlu5 at the hippocampal SC-CA1 synapse. Further, blockade of mGlu5 prevents both contextual fear extinction and expression of this metaplasticity. This form of metaplasticity was absent in a mouse model of MECP2-duplication syndrome, corresponding to a complete deficit in extinction learning. These findings suggest that mGlu5-dependent metaplasticity within the hippocampus may play a critical role in extinction of contextual fear.
A Resistance Drift Compensation Scheme to Reduce MLC PCM Raw BER by Over $100\times $ for Storage Class Memory Applications (2016)

For multilevel cell (MLC) phase change memory (PCM), resistance drift (R-drift) phenomenon causes cell resistance to increase with time, even at room temperature. As a result, the fixed-threshold-retention (FTR) raw-bit-error-rate (RBER) surpasses practical ECC correction ability within hours after being programmed. This study proposes a resistance drift compensation (RDC) scheme to mitigate R-drift issue. The proposed RDC scheme realizes PCM drift compensation and features RDC pulse to suppress ECC decoding failure. The proposed approach was validated using a 90-nm 128M cells PCM chip and an FPGA-based memory controller verification system. The MLC PCM FTR RBER has been suppressed by over <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$100\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> , thereby bringing it within ECC capability. The effectiveness of the RDC scheme was verified up to <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^{6}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> cycles.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of a Highly Potent and Selective Isotopically Labeled Retinoic Acid Receptor Ligand, ALRT1550. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Rotating spokes, potential hump and modulated ionization in radio frequency magnetron discharges (2023)

In this work, the rotating spoke mode in the radio frequency (RF) magnetron discharge, which features the potential hump and the RF-modulated ionization, is observed and analyzed by means of the two dimensional axial-azimuthal (z-y) particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision method. The kinetic model combined with the linear analysis of the perturbation reveals that the cathode sheath (axial) electric field $E_z$ triggers the gradient drift instability (GDI), deforming the local potential until the instability condition is not fulfilled and the fluctuation growth stops in which moment the instability becomes saturated. The potential deformation consequently leads to the formation of the potential hump, surrounding which the azimuthal electric field $E_y$ is present. The saturation level of $E_y$ is found to be synchronized with and proportional to the time-changing voltage applied at the cathode, resulting in the RF-modulation of the electron heating in the $E_y$ due to $\nabla B$ drift. In the instability saturated stage, it is shown that the rotation velocity and direction of the spoke present in the simulations agree well with the experimental observation. In the instability linear stage, the instability mode wavelength and the growth rate are also found to be in good agreement with the prediction of the GDI linear fluid theory.
Properties and Structure of Cellulosic Membranes Obtained from Solutions in Ionic Liquids Coagulated in Primary Alcohols (2018)

Abstract This paper presents the results of studies on the preparation of cellulosic membranes, from a solution in 1-ethyl-3- methylimidazolium acetate (EMIMAc), using the phase inversion method. Initially, the membranes were obtained by coagulation of the polymer film in water and primary alcohols (methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-pentanol), 1-hexanol, 1-octanol) resulting in membranes with significantly differing morphologies. Subsequently, composite membranes were produced, with the support layer being a membrane with the largest pores, and the skin layer a membrane with smaller pores. The resulting membranes were tested for physicochemical and transport properties. The morphology of the membrane surfaces and their cross-sections were investigated by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The structure of the membranes, on the other hand, was investigated by FTIR spectroscopy and WAXS structural analysis.
Working Report on the Status Quo of Nanomaterials Impact on Health and Environment (2019)

Nanotechnology is regarded as one of the key technologies of the future and associated with high expectations by politics, science and economy. Artificially produced nanosized particles and nanoscale system components have new properties which are of importance for the development of new products and applications. Such new properties of materials and substances result from the special properties of surfaces and interfaces and in part, from the geometric shape of the material. In theory nanoparticles (NPs) can be produced from nearly any chemical; however, most NPs that are currently in use today have been made from transition metals, silicon, carbon (single-walled carbon nanotubes; fullerenes), and metal oxides (zinc dioxide and titanium dioxide). Potentially harmful effects of nanotechnology might arise as a result of the nature of the NPs themselves, the characteristics of the products made from them, or aspects of the manufacturing process involved (Borm and Kreyling, 2004). The large surface area, crystalline structure, and reactivity of some NPs may facilitate transport in the environment or lead to harm because of their interactions with cellular material. In the case of nanomaterials, size matters, and could facilitate and exacerbate any harmful effects caused by the composition of the material. The highest risks for humans and the environment are associated with nanomaterials contained in products in the form of free particles. As long as NPs remain firmly embedded in materials, hardly any risk should be expected (Brouwer, 2004). However, it has to be clarified in these cases whether and in which form nanomaterials can be released into the environment during the production process, the use of a product, due to ageing and degradation as well as during disposal and recycling processes. Of course, also in the case of nanomaterials, environmental risk assessment should take into account their entire life cycle.
Improving One-Shot Learning through Fusing Side Information (2017)

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) often struggle with one-shot learning where we have only one or a few labeled training examples per category. In this paper, we argue that by using side information, we may compensate the missing information across classes. We introduce two statistical approaches for fusing side information into data representation learning to improve one-shot learning. First, we propose to enforce the statistical dependency between data representations and multiple types of side information. Second, we introduce an attention mechanism to efficiently treat examples belonging to the 'lots-of-examples' classes as quasi-samples (additional training samples) for 'one-example' classes. We empirically show that our learning architecture improves over traditional softmax regression networks as well as state-of-the-art attentional regression networks on one-shot recognition tasks.
MR-compatible ultrasound research platform for motion tracking to reduce motion induced artifacts in MR imaging (2013)

High resolution or time consuming MR-imaging methods suffer from motion artifacts due to breathing or cardiac motion. This has an impact on high resolution morphological images and increasingly on highly sensitive functional MRI. MR-inherent compensation techniques like navigator echoes and methods like ECG or respiratory gating can reduce these artifacts but are indirect methods monitoring surrogates and not very reliable indicating the actual organ positions. To improve MR imaging of moving organs we propose diagnostic ultrasound (US) as additional imaging method for organ motion detection and compensation during MRI scanning. We developed an MRI compatible US platform to enable non-invasive hybrid MR-US-imaging and real-time US-motion compensation. The ultrasound system and the transducers have to be insensitive to the high electromagnetic fields like we find them outside and inside the tomograph and they may not interfere with the MR-system electromagnetically. In this work, our US research platform and special ultrasound transducers are presented that meet these requirements consisting of the beamformer unit, a special LCD display for use close to the MR-magnet, special ultrasound probes (T-shaped 2×64 element phased array transducers) and a separate PC to be used in the control room of the MRI scanner. The system can use multiple transducers in parallel mode to acquire up to 4 US images simultaneously. Tracking of moving structures in the ultrasound images is performed by a stochastic tracking algorithm, which fits a contour to the ultrasound data using affine transformations in real-time. Interferences of the US system with the MR scanner were measured and characterized. It was possible to make simultaneous measurements (US and MRI) next to and inside the MRT system to reconstruct US motion compensated MR volumes. The interferences in the ultrasound imaging induced by the MRT system can be neglected. The effects of EMC emissions by the US device on the MRT system are measured and characterized. Data acquisition was done in parallel to the MRI scan of organ movements inside the body. The setup was tested in a 1.5 T and a 3 T MRI systems and first ultrasound compensated MR volumes were acquired.
Experimental MIMO propagation modeling and antenna system evaluation (2004)

The experimental approach is taken. We discuss some of our latest results on MIMO radio system characterization in order to give insight into the effect of typical cellular propagation channels and especially mobile antennas on the performance of MIMO systems.
Wideband ladder filters fully covering digital TV band based on shear horizontal plate wave (2015)

A cognitive radio terminal using vacant frequency bands of digital TV channels, i.e. TV white space, strongly requires a compact tunable filter covering a wide frequency range of the digital TV band. The authors proposed a new bandwidth- and frequency-tunable filter combining an ultra-wideband ladder filter and tunable band rejection filters. T-type and ρ-type ladder filters composed of ultra-wideband 0th shear horizontal mode (SH <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> ) plate wave resonators were fabricated on a submicron thick LiNbO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> plate supported by a Si substrate. The wavelength ratio of the parallel/series resonators in the ladder filters was changed as a design parameter. As a result, ultra-large 6 dB bandwidths of 41 to 51%, which fully cover the digital TV band, were measured. The lowest peak insertion loss was low as 0.8 dB. The ultra-wideband ladder filter is useful for the above-mentioned new tunable filter for digital TV cognitive radio communication.
Efficacy of sacituzumab govitecan (anti-Trop-2-SN-38 antibody-drug conjugate) for treatment-refractory hormone-receptor positive (HR+)/HER2- metastatic breast cancer (mBC). (2018)

1004 Background: Sacituzumab govitecan is a novel antibody-drug conjugate consisting of SN-38, the active metabolite of irinotecan, conjugated to a humanized mAb targeting Trop-2 (trophoblastic antigen-2), which is highly expressed in many epithelial cancers. A phase I/II basket trial (NCT01631552) investigated its activity in patients (pts) with advanced cancers, and we previously reported on pts with triple-negative mBC. Results in HR+/ HER2 negative (as per ASCO/CAP guidelines) mBC pts who had ≥ 1 prior hormonal therapy are presented here. Methods: Pts received sacituzumab govitecan at a dose of 10 mg/kg on days 1 & 8 of a 21-day cycle until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Eligibility included ≥ 1 prior line of standard therapy for metastatic disease, measurable disease by CT or MRI. Efficacy was assessed locally by RECIST 1.1. Adverse events (AE) were evaluated according to CTCAE v4.0, Results: Fifty-four pts with HR+/HER2- mBC (all female; median age 54 yrs, range 33-79) were accrued between 2/2015 and 6/2017. For metastatic disease, all pts received at least 2 prior treatments, with a median of 3 prior hormonal agents and 2 prior chemotherapy regimens. Prior treatments in any setting included taxane (93%), anthracycline (69%) and CDK 4/6 inhibitors (69%). 16 pts have died, 27 are in long-term follow-up and 11 still on treatment. The median number of doses was 11 (range 1-74). Treatment was generally well tolerated, with no treatment-related deaths. Based on currently available AE data, grade ≥ 3 toxicity (≥10%) included neutropenia and leukopenia; there was 1 case each of grade ≥ 3 diarrhea and febrile neutropenia. As of 12/31/2017 data cutoff, the overall response rate (ORR) was 31% (17 PRs/54) by local assessment, and the clinical benefit rate (CBR: PR+SD > 6 months) was 48%. For pts who received CDK inhibitors, ORR was 24% (9 PRs/37). Maturing durability of response and progression-free survival to be presented at the meeting. Conclusions: Sacituzumab govitecan as a single agent induced objective responses in heavily pre-treated HR+/HER2neg mBC, and was well tolerated with a safety profile consistent with previous reports. Clinical trial information: NCT01631552.
Distributed Load Control Using Reliable Low-Data-Rate Power Line Communication (2022)

Many demand-response schemes fail because they inconvenience consumers or add unnecessary costs [1], [2]. When participating in a typical demand-response scheme, a consumer may be subjected to invasive control systems, communication systems, or data collection. These demand-response schemes can quickly lose their novelty and may annoy customers by curtailing availability of their appliances, such as electric water heaters or air conditioners [2]. This paper demonstrates a self-organizing demand response scheme that uses power lines as a natural, “free” infrastructure for communication. The approach can shave peak demand substantially with no inconvenience to or attention from the user. Tailored signaling schemes and a custom application of low-data-rate power line communication (PLC) enable loads to reliably self-organize their demand. Field experiments with thermostatically-controlled loads in an actively occupied, 24-floor apartment building demonstrate the advantages of the low-data-rate PLC scheme for energy control.
Multiobjective Vector Modulation for Improved Control of NPC-Based Multi-Source Inverters in Hybrid Traction Systems (2022)

The concept of a multi-source inverter (MSI) based on NPC topology was recently introduced for hybrid-electric powertrains to connect several dc sources to the traction load in a single conversion stage without magnetics. This work proposes a new modulation algorithm that integrates the tasks of dc currents and ac voltages control at the level of pulsewidth modulation by means of the space-vector formalism. The proposed algorithm allows the MSI to have full control of the dc input currents and fundamental ac output voltages, and enables a higher number of feasible operating modes, including load power sharing between sources and controlled recharging of one source from the other, both in motion and at standstill. Hence, improved control capability of the load and sources is achieved with respect to the state-of-literature modulation approach. To validate the proposed modulation under different operating conditions, steady-state and dynamic tests are performed on a small-scale traction system fed by a primary dc supply and a battery pack. The results are compared with those of the baseline control approach and show that the proposed technique improves the smoothness and flexibility of the control action and reduces the distortion of currents and voltages while ensuring the same converter efficiency.
Briakinumab for Treatment of Crohnʼs Disease (2015)

Briakinumab showed a similar safety and tolerability profile to placebo in the induction and maintenance phases, and comparable rates of serious adverse events, adverse events leading to discontinuation, and malignancy. These data provide support for the potential efficacy of briakinumab and other IL-12/23 inhibitors in the treatment of moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease.
Dynamic physical layers for wireless networks using software radio (2002)

The communication parameters in mobile ad-hoc networks, such as the distance between nodes, channel characteristics and user demands, can vary quickly. Using traditional design techniques and creating a static physical layer designed to meet worst case conditions results in poor performance and resource utilization under most operating conditions. Software radios, which implement their physical layer processing in software, provide a solution to this problem by enabling the physical layer to be modified in a way that best meets the current conditions. This paper describes the initial work on a software radio-based ad-hoc network that allows the physical layer to be modified on a per packet basis.
FOXO3a Turns the Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Signaling Towards Apoptosis Through Reciprocal Regulation of c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase and NF-κB (2007)

FOXO3a promotes apoptosis of ECs, through activation of JNK and suppression of NF-kappaB. These data identify a novel role of FOXO3a to turn TNF receptor signaling to a proapoptotic JNK-dependent pathway.
PAGE-1 , an X chromosome-linked GAGE- like gene that is expressed in normal and neoplastic prostate, testis, and uterus (1998)

We have used a combination of computerized database mining and experimental expression analyses to identify a gene that is preferentially expressed in normal male and female reproductive tissues, prostate, testis, fallopian tube, uterus, and placenta, as well as in prostate cancer, testicular cancer, and uterine cancer. This gene is located on the human X chromosome, and it is homologous to a family of genes encoding GAGE-like proteins. GAGE proteins are expressed in a variety of tumors and in testis. We designate the novel gene PAGE-1 because the expression pattern in the Cancer Genome Anatomy Project libraries indicates that it is predominantly expressed in normal and neoplastic prostate. Further database analysis indicates the presence of other genes with high homology to PAGE-1, which were found in cDNA libraries derived from testis, pooled libraries (with testis), and in a germ cell tumor library. The expression of PAGE-1 in normal and malignant prostate, testicular, and uterine tissues makes it a possible target for the diagnosis and possibly for the vaccine-based therapy of neoplasms of prostate, testis, and uterus.
Characterization and Control of Grasp Stiffness Based on Virtual Stiffness Model (1996)

Based on the virtual stiffness model, the stiffness of a grasped object is characterized. Differing from the previous investigations, the effect of grasp force on the stiffness of a grasp is formulated in terms of additional stiffness, which is called additional stiffness in this paper, and it is addressed how this term affects the stability of a grasp. In addition, a method of controlling the stiffness of a grasp is proposed and validated by experiments using a two-fingered robot hand.
A Rare Complication after Latissimus Dorsi Flap Breast Reconstruction: Radial Nerve Palsy (2016)

Among autologous breast reconstruction techniques, breast reconstruction using the latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap is widely used, offering advantages including the relative simplicity of the procedure and the reliable and consistent vascularity of the flap.Accordingly, more than 500 cases have been performed in the past 8 years at Kyungpook National University Medical Center.This study reports on a rare case involving a radial nerve neuropathy complication which was experienced for the first time at the medical center.The current case demonstrates that in addition to common complications, such as seroma of the donor site and scarring, additional intraoperative complications in areas unrelated to the surgical site can occur, including radial nerve neuropathy in the opposite arm.
Group Delay Flattend Multi-Channel FBG for Band Separation (2002)

Novel design of multi-channel FBG for band separation filter is developed. Refractive index profile is designed using phase optimization technique and small group delay variation in reflection spectrum of fabricated FBG is confirmed
Study of the ablation threshold of polyimide (Kapton H) utilizing double-pulsed XeCl excimer laser radiation (1991)

Changes in the ablation threshold of polyimide accompanying two rapid sequential pulses of 308-nm-XeCl excimer less radiation have been studied. Assuming that subthreshold radiation couples into the polymer thermally, the heat conduction equation for the system is solved in order to estimate resulting surface and subsurface temperatures. A ‘‘threshold’’ temperature for etching is suggested below which no surface modification is observed but where thermal degradation of the surface may occur. For pairs of pulses whose combined fluence is near the single pulse fluence threshold for etching, separation of the pulses in time resulted in the initiation, cessation, and reinitiation of soot deposition on the polymer surface. It is suggested that this temporally dependent preferential etching is caused by the formation of an atmosphere above the target that is rich in molecules such as CO, CN, C2H2, and C2. This atmosphere then undergoes dissociation through multiphoton and photopyrolytic processes upon receipt of the second pulse resulting in the deposition of a carbonaceous residue on the surface. The residue then acts as sites for the initiation of conical structures.
CeO2â€“ZrO2 binary oxides for NO x removal by sorption (2001)

Removal of NOx (NO in the presence of O2) by CeO2–ZrO2 binary oxides was investigated. CeO2–ZrO2 prepared by a modified sol–gel method [CZ(SG)] showed high NOx sorption capacity, while CeO2–ZrO2 prepared by a coprecipitation method [CZ(CP)] was not effective. In both cases, NOx was found to be removed by adsorption on the surface but not by absorption into the bulk. In situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared measurements demonstrated that NOx is adsorbed as several types of nitrates. X-ray diffraction measurements revealed the formation of a complete solid solution, Ce0.5Zr0.5O2, for CZ(SG) and the presence of separate phases of CeO2 and ZrO2 for CZ(CP). Homogeneous mixing of Ce ions and Zr ions in the solid solution was considered to be one of the important factors for the high NOx sorption capacity of CZ(SG). The high NOx sorption capacity was also accounted for by the presence of a large amount of basic sites and high catalytic activity for NO oxidation to NO2, which is the first step in the NOx removal process.