gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MAILBOX BRACKET CRASH TESTS. FINAL REPORT (1993)

Researchers conducted a total of eleven full-scale crash tests. Each test was conducted and evaluated in accordance with nationally recognized guidelines as contained in NCHRP Report 230. The purpose of the first eight tests was to determine the adequacy of a new, universal bracket developed by TxDOT to attach any size mailbox to the support post. Researchers conducted tests with one and two mailboxes of various sizes mounted on single support designs and with multiple mailboxes of different sizes mounted on the Foresight Tubular Support. They conducted the ninth test with multiple mailboxes mounted on a modified version of the Foresight Tubular Support. The modified installation consisted of a footing to facilitate use of salvaged parts from damaged supports and to minimize cost of replacement following a vehicular impact. A size no. 2 mailbox supported by two steel winged-channel posts was evaluated in the tenth test. A 1/4-in. (0.64 cm) thick steel plate mailbox mounted on a single support was evaluated in the final test. Use of the universal bracket with (a) a 2 lb/ft (3 kg/m) steel winged channel single support with a size no. 1 mailbox, two size no. 1 1/2 mailboxes, and a size no. 2 mailbox, (b) a 2-in. (5.1-cm) O.D. thin-wall steel tube single support with a size no. 2 mailbox, (c) a standard Foresight Tubular Support with five size no. 1 mailboxes, (d) a standard Foresight Tubular Support with three size no. 2 mailboxes, and (e) a modified Foresight Tubular Support with three size no. 2 mailboxes demonstrated acceptable performance. A size no. 2 mailbox supported by two 2 lb/ft (3 kg/m) steel winged channel supports demonstrated acceptable performance. A size no. 1 1/2 vandal-proof mailbox demonstrated unacceptable performance.
Development and content validity of new patient-reported outcome questionnaires to assess the signs and symptoms and impact of atopic dermatitis: the Atopic Dermatitis Symptom Scale (ADerm-SS) and the Atopic Dermatitis Impact Scale (ADerm-IS) (2018)

<b>Objectives:</b> Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing skin condition, with signs and symptoms that impact patients' lives and are best measured from the patient perspective. Therefore, there is a need for AD-specific questionnaires that are consistent with Food and Drug Administration guidance and best measurement practices, assessing sign and symptom severity and associated impacts, to support treatment efficacy in regulated trials. The objectives were to develop patient-reported outcome (PRO) questionnaires assessing sign and symptom severity, as well as impacts of moderate-to-severe adult AD. <b>Methods:</b> A targeted literature review and meetings with clinical experts (dermatologists) were conducted to identify AD-related sign, symptom, and impact concepts. Results were harmonized and used to construct two draft PRO questionnaires: the Atopic Dermatitis Symptom Scale (ADerm-SS; 11 items) and the Atopic Dermatitis Impact Scale (ADerm-IS; 10 items). The content validity and questionnaire content were evaluated via qualitative concept elicitation/cognitive debriefing interviews with adult patients with moderate-to-severe AD. <b>Results:</b> From the literature (<i>n</i> = 13 articles), 13 sign and symptom and 43 impact concepts were identified, while 21 sign and symptom and 48 impacts were elicited from experts (<i>n</i> = 3). During the patient interviews (<i>n</i> = 15), 19 sign and symptom and 41 impact concepts were reported, the majority of which were evaluated by the ADerm-SS and ADerm-IS, thus substantiating the content of both questionnaires. Additionally, patients interpreted both questionnaires as intended by the developers. <b>Conclusions:</b> The ADerm-SS and ADerm-IS can be regarded as content-valid PRO questionnaires for moderate-to-severe AD.
Selective enhancement of bimolecular reaction rates by over three orders of magnitude using low intensity CW infrared laser radiation (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelective enhancement of bimolecular reaction rates by over three orders of magnitude using low intensity CW infrared laser radiationD. S. Bomse and J. L. BeauchampCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 11, 3967–3969Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00531a057https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00531a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views44Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Urease inhibition and anticancer activity of novel polyfunctional 5,6-dihydropyridine derivatives and their structure-activity relationship (2013)

A novel series of tricyano substituted polyfunctional 5,6-dihydropyridine 8a - n bearing functionalized aromatic rings at C-4 and C-6 position have been prepared from (α-methylbenzylidene) malononitriles in good to excellent yields (52-98%) in solvent free conditions. All the synthesized compounds ( 8a - n ) were evaluated for their in vitro urease inhibition and anticancer activity against prostate cancer (PC3) and Hela cell lines. Compound 8k (4,6- bis (4-methoxyphenyl)-5,6-dihydropyridin) showed slightly better urease inhibitory potential (IC 50 = 20.47 µM) as compared to standard thiourea (IC 50 = 21 µM). Whilst in the case of anticancer studies the compound 8a 2-(4,6- bis (4-bromophenyl)-6-methyl-5,6-dihydropyridin found to be most active (IC 50 = 4.40 and 8.80 µM) among the series when compared with standard doxorubicin 4 (IC 50 = 0.91 and 3.1 µM) in both cell lines respectively. A structure-activity relationship of this series has been established on the basis of electronic effects and position of different substituents (H, Br, Cl, I, F, Me, OMe, OH, and NO 2 ) present on the C-4 and C-6 phenyl rings. The anticancer activity evaluation of these pyridine derivatives envisage that the compound 8a could be putatively linked with doxorubicin IV to developed new anticancer prodrugs for multidrug resistant (MDR) cancer cells. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopic techniques.
The mechanical properties of insert‐molded bimaterial composites (2001)

Abstract Bimaterial composite samples were constructed by injecting various polymers into a mold containing a fraction of a pre‐molded specimen. The resulting series composites were tested in tension. Breaking stresses were independent of fractional length. Conversely, both elongation to break and apparent stiffness varied with Although samples broke at or near the interface, adhesion was reasonably good, as indicated by transfer of material across interfaces.
Current-steering pre-emphasis transmitter with continuously tuned line terminations for optimum impedance match and maximum signal drive range (2013)

A 24-segment current-steering transmitter with 3-tap pre-emphasis and linear auto-tuned active line terminations is presented. A linearized resistor-MOSFET termination structure for continuous impedance tuning is proposed to maintain an accurate output voltage level (σ=1%) and good impedance matching (σ=2%). This enables larger signal drive strengths thanks to more efficient supply utilization. The circuit is implemented in 0.16 μm CMOS technology for data rates up to 6 Gbps and consumes 5–43 mA from a 1.8V supply for 50–1200 mVppd output signal.
Application of matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry for the study of Helicobacter pylori (2010)

The characteristics of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry based investigation of extremely variable bacteria such as Helicobacter pylori were studied. H. pylori possesses a very high natural variability. Accurate tools for species identification and epidemiological characterization could help the scientific community to better understand the transmission pathways and virulence mechanisms of these bacteria. Seventeen clinical as well as two laboratory strains of H. pylori were analyzed by the MALDI Biotyper method for rapid species identification. Mass spectra collected were found containing 7-13 significant peaks per sample, and only six protein signals were identical for more than half of the strains. Four of them could be assigned to ribosomal proteins RL32, RL33, RL34, and RL36. The reproducible peak with m/z 6948 was identified as a histidine-rich metal-binding polypeptide by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). In spite of the evident protein heterogeneity of H. pylori the mass spectra collected for a particular strain under several cultivations were highly reproducible. Moreover, all clinical strains were perfectly identified as H. pylori species through comparative analysis using the MALDI Biotyper software (Bruker Daltonics, Germany) by pattern matching against a database containing mass spectra from different microbial strains (n = 3287) including H. pylori 26695 and J99. The results of this study allow the conclusion that the MALDI-TOF direct bacterial profiling is suited for H. pylori identification and could be supported by mass spectra fragmentation of the observed polypeptide if necessary.
Determination of the Ordered Structure in Conjugated-Coil Diblock Copolymers Films from a Thickness Gradient Prepared by Spin-Coated Drop Technique (2009)

Investigating the thickness dependence of ordered structure of thin films of electrically conducting conjugated polymers with nano-ordered morphologies is essential for optimizing their applications in advanced electrooptic devices. We demonstrate here that by spin-coating a small drop of a conjugated-coil diblock copolymer, a thickness gradient varying between tens of nanometers to a few micrometers is formed at the drop rim. Compared to other widely used solution casting methods for the preparation of thickness gradients, the spin-coated drop technique produces film gradients with thickness in the interesting range for most applications in an extremely short preparation time. Using a submicrometer-sized X-ray beam and a scanning technique, spatial mappings of the gradient area are obtained with submicrometer grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (sub-μGISAXS) for the first time. Investigating the thickness gradient with sub-μGISAXS has the advantage of saving the preparations and investigations of many samples each with a certain thickness under identical conditions. As a model system, we use the diblock copolymer polystyrene-block-poly(p-phenylene) with a thickness gradient ranging between 80 and 2280 nm. Detailed analysis of the scattering patterns at selected positions along the gradient identifies a regime of lateral order within a thickness range of 80−210 nm.
F2: Memory trends: From big data to wearable devices (2015)

Memory continues to be a critical element in the full range of VLSI applications from big data to mobile applications to wearable devices. Recent trends, including process technology scaling limits, new memory applications, and evolving high-performance and low-power requirements, have driven the development of emerging memories. As both discrete and embedded memory scaling becomes ever more challenging, there is a widespread effort to look for alternative memory technologies to replace the entrenched SRAM, DRAM, or Flash. This forum brings together systems designers to discuss memory needs for future applications and memory designers to describe the latest developments in emerging and next generation memories. The first three speakers summarize memory requirements from a system perspective to cover a broad range of applications, including servers, data-centric computing, clients, notebooks, tablets, watches, glasses, and thermostats. The fourth speaker describes general design challenges for emerging memory in embedded systems to bridge to the second half of the program, which considers specific memory technologies. Two speakers will then present the challenges and solutions for Flash and DRAM scaling while the last two speakers will highlight the latest developments in MRAM and RRAM.
Anaerobic utilization of toluene by marine alpha- and gammaproteobacteria reducing nitrate (2012)

Aromatic hydrocarbons are among the main constituents of crude oil and represent a major fraction of biogenic hydrocarbons. Anthropogenic influences as well as biological production lead to exposure and accumulation of these toxic chemicals in the water column and sediment of marine environments. The ability to degrade these compounds in situ has been demonstrated for oxygen- and sulphate-respiring marine micro-organisms. However, if and to what extent nitrate-reducing bacteria contribute to the degradation of hydrocarbons in the marine environment and if these organisms are similar to their well-studied freshwater counterparts has not been investigated thoroughly. Here we determine the potential of marine prokaryotes from different sediments of the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea to couple nitrate reduction to the oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons. Nitrate-dependent oxidation of toluene as an electron donor in anoxic enrichment cultures was elucidated by analyses of nitrate, nitrite and dinitrogen gas, accompanied by cell proliferation. The metabolically active members of the enriched communities were identified by RT-PCR of their 16S rRNA genes and subsequently quantified by fluorescence in situ hybridization. In all cases, toluene-grown communities were dominated by members of the Gammaproteobacteria, followed in some enrichments by metabolically active alphaproteobacteria as well as members of the Bacteroidetes. From these enrichments, two novel denitrifying toluene-degrading strains belonging to the Gammaproteobacteria were isolated. Two additional toluene-degrading denitrifying strains were isolated from sediments from the Black Sea and the North Sea. These isolates belonged to the Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria. Serial dilutions series with marine sediments indicated that up to 2.2×10(4) cells cm(-3) were able to degrade hydrocarbons with nitrate as the electron acceptor. These results demonstrated the hitherto unrecognized capacity of alpha- and gammaproteobacteria in marine sediments to oxidize toluene using nitrate.
Near-field and far-field dynamics of (Al,In)GaN laser diodes (2005)

For blue (Al,In)GaN laser diodes we measure the evolution of the laser beam during its propagation from near-field to far-field. We reconstruct the near-field phase distribution of the waveguide mode. The dynamic behaviour is a tilting of the phase front and a far-field beam-steering on a 10 ns to 100 ns time scale. These observations are discussed in the context of the carrier induced change of the refractive index associated with the antiguiding factor and of thermal dynamics.
Performance of top-quark and $$\varvec{W}$$ W -boson tagging with ATLAS in Run 2 of the LHC (2019)

The performance of identification algorithms ("taggers") for hadronically decaying top quarks and W bosons in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider is presented. A set of techniques based on jet shape observables are studied to determine a set of optimal cut-based taggers for use in physics analyses. The studies are extended to assess the utility of combinations of substructure observables as a multivariate tagger using boosted decision trees or deep neural networks in comparison with taggers based on two-variable combinations. In addition, for highly boosted top-quark tagging, a deep neural network based on jet constituent inputs as well as a re-optimisation of the shower deconstruction technique is presented. The performance of these taggers is studied in data collected during 2015 and 2016 corresponding to 36.1 fb -1 for the t t and + jet and 36.7 fb -1 for the dijet event topologies.
Immune Correlates Analysis of the PREVENT-19 COVID-19 Vaccine Efficacy Clinical Trial (2022)

Abstract In the randomized, placebo-controlled PREVENT-19 phase 3 trial conducted in the U.S. and Mexico of the NVX-CoV2373 adjuvanted, recombinant spike protein nanoparticle vaccine, anti-spike binding IgG concentration (spike IgG) and pseudovirus 50% neutralizing antibody titer (nAb ID50) measured two weeks after two doses were assessed as correlates of risk and as correlates of protection against PCR-confirmed symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID- 19). These immune correlates analyses were conducted in the U.S. cohort of baseline SARS- CoV-2 negative per-protocol participants using a case-cohort design that measured the antibody markers from all 12 vaccine recipient breakthrough COVID-19 cases starting 7 days post antibody measurement and from 639 vaccine recipient non-cases (Mexico was excluded due to zero breakthrough cases with the efficacy data cut-off date April 19, 2021). In vaccine recipients, the baseline risk factor-adjusted hazard ratio of COVID-19 was 0.36 (95% CI: 0.20, 0.63), p&lt;0.001 (adjusted p-0.005) per 10-fold increase in IgG spike concentration and 0.39 (0.19, 0.82), p=0.013 (adjusted p=0.030) per 10-fold increase in nAb ID50 titer. At spike IgG concentration 100, 1000, and 6934 binding antibody units/ml (100 is the 3 rd percentile, 6934 is the 97.5 th percentile), vaccine efficacy to reduce the probability of acquiring COVID-19 at 59 days post marker measurement was 65.5% (95% CI: 23.0%, 90.8%), 87.7% (77.7%, 94.4%), and 94.8% (88.0%, 97.9%), respectively. At nAb ID50 titers of 50, 100, 1000, and 7230 IU50/ml (50 is the 5 th percentile, 7230 the 97.5 th percentile), these estimates were 75.7% (49.8%, 93.2%), 81.7% (66.3%, 93.2%), 92.8% (85.1%, 97.4%) and 96.8% (88.3%, 99.3%). The same two antibody markers were assessed as immune correlates via the same study design and statistical analysis in the mRNA-1273 phase 3 COVE trial (except in COVE the markers were measured four weeks post dose two). Spike IgG levels were slightly lower and nAb ID50 titers slightly higher after NVX-CoV2373 than after mRNA-1273 vaccination. The strength of the nAb ID50 correlate was similar between the trials, whereas the spike IgG antibodies appeared to correlate more strongly with NVX-CoV2373 in PREVENT-19, as quantified by the hazard ratio and the degree of change in vaccine efficacy across antibody levels. However, the relatively few breakthrough cases in PREVENT-19 limited the ability to infer a stronger correlate. The conclusion is that both markers were consistent correlates of protection for the two vaccines, supporting potential cross-vaccine platform applications of these markers for guiding decisions about vaccine approval and use.
Prostanoid receptors in anagen human hair follicles (2007)

Prostanoid pathway in hair follicle gained closer attention since trichogenic side-effects on hair growth has been observed concomitantly with prostaglandin F(2alpha) receptor (FP) agonist treatment of intraocular pressure. We thus investigated prostanoid receptor distribution in anagen hair follicle and different cell types from hair and skin. Using RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC), we found that all receptors were present in hair follicle. This data shed new light on an underestimated complex network involved in hair growth control. Indeed most of these receptors showed a wide spectrum of expression in cultured cells and the whole hair follicle. Using IHC, we observed that expression of prostaglandin E(2) receptors (EP(2), EP(3), EP(4)), prostaglandin D(2) receptor (DP(2)), prostanoid thromboxane A(2) receptor (TP) and to a lesser extent EP(1) involved several hair follicle compartments. On the opposite, Prostaglandin I(2) receptor (IP) and DP(1) were more specifically expressed in hair cuticle layer and outer root sheath (ORS) basal layer, respectively. FP expression was essentially restricted to ORS companion layer and dermal papilla (DP). Although extracting a clear functional significance from this intricate network remains open challenge, FP labelling, i.e. could explain the biological effect of PGF(2alpha) on hair regrowth, by directly modulating DP function.
High Energy Ion and Gamma Detection using the Graphene-Insulator-Semiconductor Junction. (2020)

Abstract not provided.
Electromagnetic Transients Simulation-Based Surrogate Models for Tolerance Analysis of FACTS Apparatus (2013)

This paper introduces a computationally efficient surrogate model-based approach for tolerance analysis of power systems. Surrogate models are heuristic, simple representations of complex systems that are obtained through an automated sensitivity analysis of electromagnetic transient simulations results. These simpler models are shown in this paper to be significantly faster than full-detail simulation models to obtain accurate statistical tolerance information about complex power networks. Usefulness of the proposed approach is demonstrated by two application examples. In the first example, surrogate models are used for determining the statistical distribution of undesired remnant harmonics produced by a voltage-source converter, given the uncertainty in the firing angles. In the second example, the impact of variations in the system parameters around the nominal values on the transient behavior of a static compensator is analyzed.
Generic Optimization of Linear Precoding in Multibeam Satellite Systems (2011)

Multibeam satellite systems have been employed to provide interactive broadband services to geographical areas under-served by terrestrial infrastructure. In this context, this paper studies joint multiuser linear precoding design in the forward link of fixed multibeam satellite systems. We provide a generic optimization framework for linear precoding design to handle any objective functions of data rate with general linear and nonlinear power constraints. To achieve this, an iterative algorithm which optimizes the precoding vectors and power allocation alternatingly is proposed and most importantly, the proposed algorithm is proved to always converge. The proposed optimization algorithm is also applicable to nonlinear dirty paper coding. In addition, the aforementioned problems and algorithms are extended to the case that each terminal has multiple co-polarization or dual-polarization antennas. Simulation results demonstrate substantial performance improvement of the proposed schemes over conventional multibeam satellite systems, zero-forcing and regularized zero-forcing precoding schemes in terms of meeting the traffic demand. The performance of the proposed linear precoding scheme is also shown to be very close to the dirty paper coding.
SenseShapes: Using Statistical Geometry for Object Selection in a Multimodal Augmented Reality System (2003)

We introduce a set of statistical geometric tools designed to identify the objects being manipulated through speech and gesture in a multimodal augmented reality system. SenseShapes are volumetric regions of interest that can be attached to parts of the user's body to provide valuable information about the user's interaction with objects. To assist in object selection, we generate a rich set of statistical data and dynamically choose which data to consider based on the current situation.