gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reinvestigating Old Pharmacophores: Are 4-Aminoquinolines and Tetraoxanes Potential Two-Stage Antimalarials? (2015)

The syntheses and antiplasmodial activities of various substituted aminoquinolines coupled to an adamantane carrier are described. The compounds exhibited pronounced in vitro and in vivo activity against Plasmodium berghei in the Thompson test. Tethering a fluorine atom to the aminoquinoline C(3) position afforded fluoroaminoquinolines that act as intrahepatocytic parasite inhibitors, with compound 25 having an IC50 = 0.31 μM and reducing the liver load in mice by up to 92% at 80 mg/kg dose. Screening our peroxides as inhibitors of liver stage infection revealed that the tetraoxane pharmacophore itself is also an excellent liver stage P. berghei inhibitor (78: IC50 = 0.33 μM). Up to 91% reduction of the parasite liver load in mice was achieved at 100 mg/kg. Examination of tetraoxane 78 against the transgenic 3D7 strain expressing luciferase under a gametocyte-specific promoter revealed its activity against stage IV-V Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes (IC50 = 1.16 ± 0.37 μM). To the best of our knowledge, compounds 25 and 78 are the first examples of either an 4-aminoquinoline or a tetraoxane liver stage inhibitors.
Frequency comb generation via synchronous pumped $χ^{(3)}$ resonator on thin-film lithium niobate (2023)

Resonator-based optical frequency comb generation is an enabling technology for a myriad of applications ranging from communications to precision spectroscopy. These frequency combs can be generated in nonlinear resonators driven using either continuous-wave (CW) light, which requires alignment of the pump frequency with the cavity resonance, or pulsed light, which also mandates that the pulse repetition rate and cavity free spectral range (FSR) are carefully matched. Advancements in nanophotonics have ignited interest in chip-scale optical frequency combs. However, realizing pulse-driven on-chip Kerr combs remains challenging, as microresonator cavities have limited tuning range in their FSR and resonance frequency. Here, we take steps to overcome this limitation and demonstrate broadband frequency comb generation using a $χ^{(3)}$ resonator synchronously pumped by a tunable femtosecond pulse generator with on-chip amplitude and phase modulators. Notably, employing pulsed pumping overcomes limitations in Kerr comb generation typically seen in crystalline resonators from stimulated Raman scattering.
Simulation model for input impedance of low voltage electric motor at frequency band 10 kHz-30 MHz (2003)

This paper concentrates on the input impedance of a low voltage electric motor at high signal frequencies. A series of impedance measurements is carried out for a group of induction motors. The measurements are analyzed and a simple measurement based model for the input impedance of the electric motor is formed. In addition, the effect of the rotor on the input impedance is researched. Finally, the effect of impedance mismatch at the interface of the motor and the cable is briefly analyzed.
Using Surrogate Models to Calibrate Agent-based Model Parameters Under Data Scarcity (2019)

Social Simulation is one of the most prominent uses of Multiagent Systems, but it requires the costly task of fitting parameters to assure the credibility of the model. As, to date, there is no consensus on how to calibrate parameters of agent-based models, we have investigated other knowledge domains to develop an efficient method for this task. Our proposal is based on the definition of a surrogate model, that reduces search space dimension. We have tested our method in the housing market scenario, using real data. We achieved satisfactory results, that corroborate the idea that it is important to reduce the search space for an efficient parameter calibration.
Inflammatory Response to Injectable Biomaterials for Stabilisation of Vertebral Compression Fractures (2010)

Inflammatory Response to Injectable Biomaterials for Stabilisation of Vertebral Compression Fractures
Three-Stage Optical Parametric Oscillator Conversion From 1 μm to the 8-12 μm Region (2002)

The performance of a three-stage, all solid-state 1 μm to 8–12 μm optical parametric oscillator conversion scheme is reported that uses the 2.596 μm secondary signal output from a KTA OPO to pump a CdSe OPO.
The FELIX Project: Deep Networks To Detect Pancreatic Neoplasms (2022)

ABSTRACT Tens of millions of abdominal images are obtained with computed tomography (CT) in the U.S. each year but pancreatic cancers are sometimes not initially detected in these images. We here describe a suite of algorithms (named FELIX) that can recognize pancreatic lesions from CT images without human input. Using FELIX, &gt; 95% of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas were detected at a specificity of &gt; 95% in patients without pancreatic disease. FELIX may be able to assist radiologists in identifying pancreatic cancers earlier, when surgery and other treatments offer more hope for long-term survival.
Uncertainty Updating in Real Time Drilling: A Probabalistic Approach to Model Updating While Drilling (2014)

The trajectory of the horizontal section is one of the most important factors in the siting and drilling of a horizontal well. If correctly guided into a “sweet spot”, the well can be tremendously productive and profitable. Measurement-while-drilling (MWD) technology provides real-time information from the drill bit that can be used to steer the well during drilling, a practice referred to as “geo-steering.” In a thin and highly stratified horizon, the ability to make mid-course corrections can be critical in maximizing the length of the interval from which a horizontal well bore can produce. The ability to navigate requires a map; a model that predicts what is immediately ahead of the drill bit. Geostatistical conditional simulation offers the ability to create a family of plausible scenarios, or realizations for any of the attributes measured by the suite of MWD tools. By constantly updating a large group of realizations, one has access to a probabilistic model of what what the drill bit will encounter and where it should be steered. This paper demonstrates a practical and efficient method for improving "geo-steering" through continual uncertainty reduction of key properties along the drill path in 2D sections or thin 3D slices.
Unphosphorylated SR-Like Protein Npl3 Stimulates RNA Polymerase II Elongation (2008)

The production of a functional mRNA is regulated at every step of transcription. An area not well-understood is the transition of RNA polymerase II from elongation to termination. The S. cerevisiae SR-like protein Npl3 functions to negatively regulate transcription termination by antagonizing the binding of polyA/termination proteins to the mRNA. In this study, Npl3 is shown to interact with the CTD and have a direct stimulatory effect on the elongation activity of the polymerase. The interaction is inhibited by phosphorylation of Npl3. In addition, Casein Kinase 2 was found to be required for the phosphorylation of Npl3 and affect its ability to compete against Rna15 (Cleavage Factor I) for binding to polyA signals. Our results suggest that phosphorylation of Npl3 promotes its dissociation from the mRNA/RNAP II, and contributes to the association of the polyA/termination factor Rna15. This work defines a novel role for Npl3 in elongation and its regulation by phosphorylation.
Laccase of Cryptococcus neoformans Is a Cell Wall-Associated Virulence Factor (2001)

Virulence is the outcome of an interaction between the host and a microbe and is characterized by a large array of opposing reactions operating at the host-pathogen interface. Cryptococcus neoformans is an important opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised patients, including those with human immunodeficiency virus, and expresses a virulence-associated laccase which is believed to oxidize brain catecholamines and iron as a defense against host immune cells. In the present report, we investigated the cellular location of laccase to understand more fully how it contributes to cryptococcal virulence. A monoclonal antibody to the C. neoformans laccase was generated and used to show localization in the cell walls of representative serotype A (H99) and serotype D (B-3501) strains by immunoelectron microscopy. In addition, confocal microscopy was used to show a peripheral location of green fluorescent protein-tagged laccase expressed in live H99 cells. Biochemical studies showed that laccase could be released from intact cells or cell wall fractions with glucanase enzymes but was retained in the cell wall after sequential extraction with 1 M NaCl, 6 M urea, and 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate. The presence of a hydrolyzable bond linking laccase to the cell wall was suggested by removal of laccase from cell wall preparations after they were boiled in 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate, as was the presence of a disulfide or thioester bond by removal with dithiothreitol or beta-mercaptoethanol. These data show that laccase is present as a tightly associated cell wall enzyme that is readily accessible for interactions with host immune cells.
Co-primary spectrum sharing for denser networks in local area (2014)

This work investigates co-primary spectrum sharing problem in the local area indoor dense deployment scenario. A spectrum sharing method and relevant mechanism are designed to achieve flexible spectrum usage amongst multiple operator networks. This proposed solution improves spectrum efficiency by m
57‐1: Spatiotemporal Noise Targets Inspired by Natural Imagery Statistics (2020)

There is a long tradition of using simple geometric synthetic test patterns for display and video metrology, and a somewhat newer tradition of using pictorial imagery for overall quality assessment, such as for subjective studies and demonstrations. Each of these key approaches have disadvantages. The synthetic targets can be stress testers that have no bearing on practical usage of the imaging system and act to drive up costs, while pictorial imagery can easily fail on robustness assessment and lack a foundation for analysis. To alleviate the shortcomings of both approaches, we propose a system of noise field videos designed using specific statistical parameters as a foundation for video test targets for display assessment, and also provide a tool to generate such videos.
COMPARISON OF VASOPRESSOR EFFECTS OF NITRO ARGININE IN STROKE‐PRONE SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS AND WISTAR‐KYOTO RATS (1991)

1. NG-nitro-L-arginine (NO2Arg) is a guanidine nitro arginine derivative and an inhibitor of endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation. Significant rise of the systolic blood pressure was observed after 1 week administration of NO2Arg in food (0.023% in weight, about 2.8 mg of NO2Arg/rat per day) in female rats of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). The rises were not different between SHRSP (21 mmHg) and WKY (23 mmHg). 2. In ring preparations of the thoracic aorta of NO2Arg-administered rats of both strains, relaxation by acetylcholine decreased markedly compared with those of the control rats (to 43-44%). On the contrary, glyceryltrinitrate-induced relaxation was slightly but significantly increased in the aorta of WKY after NO2Arg administration and the same tendency was observed in SHRSP. 3. The rise of blood pressure and the decrease of acetylcholine-induced relaxation suggested that NO2Arg inhibited the endothelium-dependent relaxation not only in WKY but also in SHRSP. The relaxation of the thoracic aorta preparation of SHRSP by acetylcholine was much less (ca 38%) than that of WKY; however, that of SHRSP by glyceryltrinitrate was slightly less (ca 74%), indicating that endothelium-dependent relaxation declined in vascular preparation of SHRSP. 4. The present results suggest that endothelium-dependent relaxation has some contribution on blood pressure regulation in the hypertensive state, although a decline of endothelium-dependent relaxation is evident in vascular preparation of SHRSP compared with WKY.
Computer-controlled, variable-frequency power supply for driving multipole ion guides (2008)

A high voltage, variable-frequency driver circuit for powering resonant multipole ion guides is presented. Two key features of this design are (1) the use of integrated circuits in the driver stage and (2) the use a stepper motor for tuning a large variable capacitor in the resonant stage. In the present configuration the available frequency range spans a factor of 2. The actual values of the minimum and maximum frequencies depend on the chosen inductor and the capacitance of the ion guide. Feedback allows for stabilized, computer-adjustable rf amplitudes over the range of 5-500 V. The rf power supply was characterized over the range of 350-750 kHz and evaluated by driving a quadrupole ion guide in an electrospray time-of-flight mass spectrometer.
Electrical treeing behavior of DC and thermally aged polyethylenes utilizing wire-plane electrode geometries (2014)

This paper presents electrical treeing behavior in low density polyethylene (LDPE) and cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) after exposure to thermal and DC electro-thermal ageing. Both the ageing and the treeing tests were performed by means of two different types of test objects with wire-plane electrode geometry. One type of the tested objects contained only wire electrode of 10 μm diameter, whereas in the other type the wire electrode was attached through a semiconducting tab. The ageing was performed at 80°C with and without 10 kV DC voltage of both polarities connected to the wire and lasted up to 800 hours. The AC electrical treeing tests were applied afterwards for detecting changes of material properties after the ageing. The results showed that the electrical tree inception voltage consistently decreased with increasing time of thermal exposure, whereas the applied DC electric stress had a negligible effect on the observed behavior. Similar effects were found in both the tested materials (LDPE and XLPE) though the object type also influenced the results. For the objects with semiconducting tab, a higher level of the scale parameter was registered because of shielding effect of the tab on the electric field strength at the wire electrode. It also yielded less number of trees growing in parallel at the electrode. The dominant effect of thermal stress on the ageing of LDPE was elucidated by using various analytical techniques, like differential scanning calorimetry, infrared spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and oxidation induction time, and it is believed to mainly affect antioxidant content in the test objects.
Improved interface properties of GaN-based metal-oxide-semiconductor devices with thin Ga-oxide interlayers (2017)

The impact of thin Ga-oxide (GaOx) interlayers on the electrical properties of GaN-based metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) devices was systematically investigated. Thin thermal oxides formed at around 900 °C were found to be beneficial for improving the electrical properties of insulator/GaN interfaces, despite the fact that thermal oxidation of GaN surfaces at high temperatures proceeds by means of grain growth. Consequently, well-behaved capacitance-voltage characteristics of SiO2/GaOx/n-GaN stacked MOS capacitors with an interface state density (Dit) as low as 1.7 × 1011 cm−2 eV−1 were demonstrated. Moreover, the Dit value was further reduced for the SiO2/GaOx/GaN capacitor with a 2-nm-thick sputter-deposited GaOx interlayer. These results clearly indicate the intrinsically superior nature of the oxide/GaN interfaces and provide plausible guiding principles for fabricating high-performance GaN-MOS devices with thin GaOx interlayers.
CPU for HF and UHF Operation on the Glass and Flexible Substrates (2007)

In 2005, we developed the first 13.56 MHz flexible RFCPU (8 bit) in the world by the flexible LSI (LSI on plastic) manufacturing technology, which is based on the manufacturing technology of LSI on glass and the peeling and transferring technology. In 2006, we considered the possibility of realizing a UHF RFCPU (8 bit) using a radio signal in the UHF band (915 MHz). A radio signal in the UHF band is in principle more capable of long distance communication than the 13.56 MHz radio signal. In this paper, we will report the results of test producing the high-performance 13.56 MHz (HF) RFCPU and UHF RFCPU, as an examination of the potential of the high-function RFCPU by the glass LSI manufacturing process and the flexible LSI manufacturing process.
X-ray characterization of a multichannel smart-pixel array detector (2015)

The Voxtel VX-798 is a prototype X-ray pixel array detector (PAD) featuring a silicon sensor photodiode array of 48 × 48 pixels, each 130 µm × 130 µm × 520 µm thick, coupled to a CMOS readout application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The first synchrotron X-ray characterization of this detector is presented, and its ability to selectively count individual X-rays within two independent arrival time windows, a programmable energy range, and localized to a single pixel is demonstrated. During our first trial run at Argonne National Laboratory's Advance Photon Source, the detector achieved a 60 ns gating time and 700 eV full width at half-maximum energy resolution in agreement with design parameters. Each pixel of the PAD holds two independent digital counters, and the discriminator for X-ray energy features both an upper and lower threshold to window the energy of interest discarding unwanted background. This smart-pixel technology allows energy and time resolution to be set and optimized in software. It is found that the detector linearity follows an isolated dead-time model, implying that megahertz count rates should be possible in each pixel. Measurement of the line and point spread functions showed negligible spatial blurring. When combined with the timing structure of the synchrotron storage ring, it is demonstrated that the area detector can perform both picosecond time-resolved X-ray diffraction and fluorescence spectroscopy measurements.
Surface Characterization of Amalgams Using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (1987)

This study is the first to report on the use of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS or ESCA) for studying the surface films (less than 10 nm thick) of aged amalgams. The concentrations and electron binding energies of the elements on the surfaces of four different amalgams aged for 20 min, one day, seven days, and 30 days were determined quantitatively. For comparison, the bulk compositions of the amalgams aged for seven days were also determined after removal of approximately 5 nm of material from the surface by argon-ion-sputtering. The XPS data revealed that the surface films of aged zinc-containing amalgams were not a simple oxide but were primarily composed of a (hydrated) tin and zinc oxy-hydroxide, whereas, in the zinc-free amalgams, the surface films were primarily a tin oxide. The concentration of mercury in this thin surface film after aging was depleted. This suggests that tin and/or zinc preferentially diffused to the surface and combined with oxygen, forming a surface film and diluting the mercury concentration in the surface. Another probable explanation for the depleted mercury is that a minimal amount of mercury in the surface film evaporated during the aging.
Optical and Microcantilever-Based Sensors for Real-Time In Situ Characterization of High-Level Waste (81924) (2004)

Fundamental research is being conducted to develop sensors for cesium, strontium, and pertechnetate that can be used to analyze these species in high-level waste (HLW) process streams. Sensors for these species will be combined with sensor elements for OH-, K+, and Na+ in an array that will allow interferences to be corrected. Two fundamentally different approaches are being pursued, having in common the dependence on highly selective molecular recognition agents. In one approach, an array of chemically selective sensors with sensitive fluorescent probes to signal the presence of the constituent of interest will be coupled to fiber optics for remote analytical applications. The second approach employs sensitive microcantilever sensors that have been demonstrated to have unprecedented sensitivity in solution. Selectivity in microcantilever-based sensors is achieved by modifying the surface of a gold-coated cantilever with a monolayer coating of an alkanethiol derivative of the molecular recognition agent. The microcantilever-based sensors function by converting molecular complexation into surface stress. The fundamental technology for fiber optic and cantilever sensors has been developed by our collaborators David Walt and Thomas Thundat, respectively, and the goal of this project is to adapt molecular recognition chemistry to the methods already being employed. Molecular recognition with these sensors is achieved using ionophores constructed with the three dimensional architecture provided by calix[4]arenes, a widely used platform for metal ion complexation.
Nonionics as Intermediates for Ionic Surfactants (2017)

The surfactant properties of nonionic surfactants (see previous chapters) are modified or further improved with regard to certain applications by introduction of an ionic group. This derivatization is usually carried out by reaction at the terminal hydroxyl group of the nonionic surfactant, typically being a polyoxyethylene or a glycerol derivative, to build up sulfates, phosphates, and carboxylates as the anionic products [Eq. (1)] [1,2]. The most important feedstocks for these reactions are the polyoxyethylene alcohols or alkyl polyoxyethylene alcohols. It is estimated that the annual growth rate of polyoxyethylene alcohols as the typical nonionic surfactant is 4% [3]. The major reason is the gradual substitution of the polyoxyethylene alkylphenols, which are still used in certain regions of the world. This development, of course, affects the use of the corresponding ionic derivatives as well. (1) RO ( C 2 H 4 O ) X H → → RO ( C 2 H 4 O ) X ZNa Z = SO 3 , PO 3 , CO 2 https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9780203745649/4b94017f-3fd5-4c05-bd31-a5e0837eeb19/content/eq53.tif"/>
Exclusion of AR-CHED from the chromosome 20 region containing the PPMD and AD-CHED loci (1999)

Congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED) is a disorder of the corneal endothelium and has been recognized to segregate in families with both autosomal dominant (AD) and autosomal recessive (AR) modes of transmission. AD-CHED has been previously linked to the pericentric region of chromosome 20. Posterior polymorphous dystrophy (PPMD), a corneal endothelial disorder showing phenotypic overlap with CHED, has also been previously genetically mapped to this region. The genetic interval containing AD-CHED is within the larger genetic interval containing the PPMD locus. This study sought to determine whether AR-CHED segregating in a consanguineous Saudi Arabian pedigree is linked to the previously mapped and overlapping loci for AD-CHED and PPMD on the pericentric region of chromosome 20. Forty members of a consanguineous Saudi Arabian pedigree segregating AR-CHED were ascertained. Short tandem-repeat polymorphic markers from the 20 cM interval on chromosome 20 containing both the PPMD and AD-CHED loci were used to genotype these individuals. LOD score analysis of the genotype data with the MENDEL software package utilizing a model of autosomal recessive inheritance with complete penetrance showed exclusion of CHED from the entire PPMD/AD-CHED interval by utilizing overlapping intervals of LOD scores of at least -2. The results obtained demonstrate that AR-CHED is not allelic to either AD-CHED or PPMD, although it has been proposed that AD-CHED may be allelic to PPMD. Thus, there are at least two genes responsible for CHED and PPMD.