gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the effectiveness of entomopathogens for the management of wireworms (Coleoptera: Elateridae) on spring wheat (2014)

Wireworms, the larval stage of click beetles (Coleoptera: Elateridae), are serious soil dwelling pests of small grains, corn, sugar beets, and potatoes. Limonius californicus and Hypnoidus bicolor are the predominant wireworm species infesting wheat in Montana, particularly in the 'Golden Triangle' area of north-central Montana. Wireworm populations in field crops are increasing, but currently available insecticides provide only partial control, and no alternative management tools exist. In our study, three entomopathogenic fungi were tested for their efficacy against wireworms in spring wheat at two field locations (Ledger and Conrad, Montana, USA) in 2013. The three fungi (Metarhizium brunneum F52, Beauveria bassiana GHA, and Metarhizium robertsii DWR 346) were evaluated as seed-coat, in-furrow granular, and soil band-over-row drench applications in addition to imidacloprid (Gaucho® 600) seed treatment (as a chemical check), the approach currently being used by growers. Wireworm damage in these treatments was evaluated as standing plant counts, wireworm population surveys, and yield. The three fungi, applied as formulated granules or soil drenches, and the imidacloprid seed treatment all resulted in significantly higher plant stand counts and yields at both locations than the fungus-coated seed treatments or the untreated control. Significant differences were detected among the application methods but not among the species of fungi within each application method. All three fungi, when applied as granules in furrow or as soil drenches, were more effective than when used as seed-coating treatments for wireworm control, and provided an efficacy comparable or superior to imidacloprid. The fungi used in this study provided significant plant and yield protection under moderate wireworm pressure, supporting their value in the management of this pest.
Characteristics of Superconducting Gd-Ba-Cu-O Thin Films (1990)

Characteristics of Gd-Ba-Cu-O films in different crystal phases were studied. An evolution study showed that the chemical diffusion of oxygen depends on the crystal phase. The oxygen content was estimated from the Raman shift of the oxygen stretching mode. The reduction of Cu valence due to the orthorhombic-to-tetragonal transition was revealed by photo-electron spectroscopy. Optical reflectivity and absorption spectra showed that the transition is associated with a change of electronic state from a metal with a plasma edge of 1.16 eV to a semiconductor with a charge transfer gap.
Polymerization of Ethylene Catalyzed by Phosphine-Iminophosphorane Palladium Complexes (2017)

Phosphine-iminophosphorane palladium complexes were synthesized and studied as catalysts for ethylene polymerization. The effect of the substituents on the phosphine and iminophosphorane moieties was investigated. Catalyst 15 promoted the conversion of ethylene to moderate molecular weight linear polyethylene (Mn ≈ 14000 g/mol, branches/1000C ≈ 7). This catalyst proved to be stable at temperatures up to 100 °C with a turnover frequency of 2100 h–1.
Charge carrier mobility in poly(p-phenylenevinylene) studied by the time-of-flight technique (1997)

The charge carrier transport in poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV) is investigated by the time-of-flight technique. Mobilities of positive carriers in PPV are determined and the dispersive character of transport is established. The dispersion parameters are analyzed in the frame of a multiple trapping model. The drift mobility of the positive carriers is in the range of 10-5 cm2/V at room temperature for an electric field of 105 V/cm and increases with increasing field and temperature. The mobility shows thermally activated behavior with an activation energy of about 0.75 eV at zero field. It is shown that the experimental results can be interpreted by polaron transport.
Correction: Combining schizophrenia and depression polygenic risk scores improves the genetic prediction of lithium response in bipolar disorder patients (2022)

International audience
Convection in a rotating annulus having sidewalls of height-dependent thermal conductance (1987)

Abstract Thermal convection in a vertically-mounted, rotating annulus of a particular design proposed by Davies and Walin (1977) is investigated. The annulus used in the present study differs from the conventional type in some important aspects: the sidewalls are finitely conducting, and the thermal conductance of the sidewalls is height-dependent. The theoretical model due to Davies and Walin is briefly recounted. The present study aims to verify the theoretical model; we have acquired numerical solutions to the governing Navier-Stokes equations. The numerical results are supportive of the theoretical contentions. The near-linear dependence of the isothermal slope on the parameter D, which is a function of Ω and ΔT, is corroborated within reasonable limits. New data on the vertical and radial structures of the meridional and azimuthal flows are presented. The numerical results also confirm that the shape of the sidewall thickness has a substantial influence on the meridional flow patterns. In the bulk of the interior flow field, the dominant azimuthal flow field and the temperature field are linked by the thermal wind relation. Key Words: Convectionisotherm slopeRayleigh numberrotating annulusthermal wind
Rate and power allocation under the pairwise distributed source coding constraint (2008)

We explore the problem of rate and power allocation for a sensor network where pairwise distributed source coding is employed (introduced by Roumy and Gesbert ’07). For noiseless node-terminal channels, we show that the minimum sum rate assignment with this property can be found by finding a minimum weight arborescence in an appropriately defined directed graph. For orthogonal noisy node-terminal channels, the minimum sum power allocation can be found by finding a minimum weight matching forest in a mixed graph. Numerical results are presented for the noiseless case showing that our solution outperforms previous solutions when source correlations are high.
Estimating 3-D motion and structure parameters of a rigid planar object by establishing landmark correspondence (2002)

Results of combining the shape recognition method of N. Ansari and E.J. Delp (1989) and two motion estimation algorithms presented by R.Y. Tsai and T.S. Huary (1981, 1982) to perform motion and structure estimation of a rigid planar object from landmark matching are presented. From all numerical experiments that have been tried, the recognition algorithm can handle the landmark matching tasks well if the object follows a relatively small rigid motion such that the normal of the object surface is not almost perpendicular to the optical axis. Due to the nonlinearity of the computation procedure of the combined algorithm and roundoff error generated by the computer, the estimated parameters deviate up to 10% from the predefined parameters. The combined algorithm is, however, convenient, inexpensive and not shaken by missing or extraneous landmarks in the second view as long as there are more than three landmark corresponding pairs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Modeling hepatitis C micro-elimination among people who inject drugs with direct-acting antivirals in metropolitan Chicago (2019)

ABSTRACT Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a leading cause of chronic liver disease and mortality worldwide. Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy leads to high cure rates. However, persons who inject drugs (PWID) are at risk for reinfection after cure and may require multiple DAA treatments to reach the World Health Organization’s (WHO) goal of HCV elimination by 2030. Using an agent-based model (ABM) that accounts for the complex interplay of demographic factors, risk behaviors, social networks, and geographic location for HCV transmission among PWID, we examined the combination(s) of DAA enrollment (2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%), adherence (60%, 70%, 80%, 90%) and frequency of DAA treatment courses needed to achieve the WHO’s goal of reducing incident chronic infections by 90% by 2030 among a large population of PWID from Chicago, IL and surrounding suburbs. We also estimated the economic DAA costs associated with each scenario. Our results indicate that a DAA treatment rate of &gt;7.5% per year with 90% adherence results in 75% of enrolled PWID requiring only a single DAA course; however19% would require 2 courses, 5%, 3 courses and &lt;2%, 4 courses), with an overall DAA cost of $325 million to achieve the WHO goal in metropolitan Chicago. We estimate a 28% increase in the overall DAA cost under low adherence (70%) compared to high adherence (90%). Our modeling results have important public health implications for HCV elimination among U.S. PWID. Using a range of feasible treatment enrollment and adherence rates, we report robust findings supporting the need to address re-exposure and reinfection among PWID to reduce HCV incidence.
Auditing Security Compliance of the Virtualized Infrastructure in the Cloud (2016)

Cloud service providers typically adopt the multi-tenancy model to optimize resources usage and achieve the promised cost-effectiveness. Sharing resources between different tenants and the underlying complex technology increase the necessity of transparency and accountability. In this regard, auditing security compliance of the provider's infrastructure against standards, regulations and customers' policies takes on an increasing importance in the cloud to boost the trust between the stakeholders. However, virtualization and scalability make compliance verification challenging. In this work, we propose an automated framework that allows auditing the cloud infrastructure from the structural point of view while focusing on virtualization-related security properties and consistency between multiple control layers. Furthermore, to show the feasibility of our approach, we integrate our auditing system into OpenStack, one of the most used cloud infrastructure management systems. To show the scalability and validity of our framework, we present our experimental results on assessing several properties related to auditing inter-layer consistency, virtual machines co-residence, and virtual resources isolation.
Modeling Hippocampal Nonlinear Dynamic Transformations with Principal Dynamic Modes (2006)

A new modeling approach of hippocampal nonlinear dynamics is presented. It is based on Principal Dynamics Modes (PDMs) derived from the Volterra kernels quantifying the hippocampal transformations. The approach is illustrated using data obtained from acute hippocampal slice preparations and from behaving rats performs a memory task. The resulting PDM models are comparable in performance to the Volterra models and require significantly less representational and implementational overhead.
Development of Ultrasonic Motors using Longitudinal and Bending Natural Vibration for Multi-Degrees of Freedom Motion. (1998)

Small and precise actuators for multi-degrees of freedom (DOF) motion is needed to construct a dexterous robot arms and manipulators. Ultrasonic motors are suitable for the multi-DOF actuation of the robot arms and manipulators because of its characteristics such as its output power per unit volume, high stationary limiting torque, high maximum operating torque, simple design, silence, and high controllability. In this study we develop a three-DOF ultrasonic motor. It is found that the three-DOF ultrasonic motor can be constructed when natural frequencies of two second bending modes and a first longitudinal mode of a bar-shaped stator correspond. A spherical rotor in contact with the stator head rotates around three perpendicular axes. Geometry and structure of the ultrasonic motor in detail is determined using finite element analysis. Measured natural frequencies and natural modes of bending and longitudinal vibrations of the stator agree well with calculated ones. The rotational speed of the spherical rotor around three perpendicular axes are measured.
Expanding the Scope of Antibody Rebridging with New Pyridazinedione–TCO Constructs (2020)

Disulfide rebridging methods have recently emerged as a route to hinge region-specific antibody modification, and there exist numerous examples of successful rebridging chemistry applied to clinically relevant human IgG1 antibodies. Here, dibromopyridazinedione disulfide rebridging is adapted to fast trans-cyclooctene/tetrazine (TCO/Tz) bioorthogonal ligations and extended beyond therapeutic human IgG1 antibodies for the first time to include mouse and rat monoclonal antibodies integral to multiplexed analytical diagnostics. In spite of a common architecture, only a subset of antibody host species and IgG isotype subclasses can be rebridged, highlighting the intricate relationship between hinge region sequence, structure, biological activity, and the conjugation chemistry of IgG antibodies.
A Noble‐Metal‐Free Spintronic System with Proximity‐Enhanced Ferromagnetic Topological Surface State of FeSi above Room Temperature (2022)

Strongly spin-orbit coupled states at metal interfaces, topological insulators, and 2D materials enable efficient electric control of spin states, offering great potential for spintronics. However, there are still materials challenges to overcome, including the integration into advanced silicon electronics and the scarce resources of constituent heavy elements of those materials. Through magneto-transport measurements and first-principles calculations, here robust spin-orbit coupling (SOC)-induced properties of a ferromagnetic topological surface state in FeSi and their controllability via hybridization with adjacent materials are demonstrated. In comparison to the case of its naturally oxidized surface, the ferromagnetic transition temperature is greatly increased beyond room temperature and the effective SOC strength is almost doubled at the surface in proximity to a wide-bandgap fluoride insulator. Those enhanced magnetic properties enable room-temperature magnetization switching, being applicable to spin-orbit torque based spintronic devices. Realization of strong SOC in the noble-metal-free silicon-based compound will accelerate spintronic applications.
Hyperbranched Quasi-1D Nanostructures for Solid-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (2013)

In this work we demonstrate hyperbranched nanostructures, grown by pulsed laser deposition, composed of one-dimensional anatase single crystals assembled in arrays of high aspect ratio hierarchical mesostructures. The proposed growth mechanism relies on a two-step process: self-assembly from the gas phase of amorphous TiO2 clusters in a forest of tree-shaped hierarchical mesostructures with high aspect ratio; oriented crystallization of the branches upon thermal treatment. Structural and morphological characteristics can be optimized to achieve both high specific surface area for optimal dye uptake and broadband light scattering thanks to the microscopic feature size. Solid-state dye sensitized solar cells fabricated with arrays of hyperbranched TiO2 nanostructures on FTO-glass sensitized with D102 dye showed a significant 66% increase in efficiency with respect to a reference mesoporous photoanode and reached a maximum efficiency of 3.96% (among the highest reported for this system). This result was achieved mainly thanks to an increase in photogenerated current directly resulting from improved light harvesting efficiency of the hierarchical photoanode. The proposed photoanode overcomes typical limitations of 1D TiO2 nanostructures applied to ss-DSC and emerges as a promising foundation for next-generation high-efficiency solid-state devices comprosed of dyes, polymers, or quantum dots as sensitizers.
Advances on Polarization Modulator Technology and Methodology for Future Improvements (2011)

In this work we present the latest improvements on the fabrication of a non-crystal achromatic half-wave plate working in the sub-THz frequency range. This is achieved by hot-pressing polypropylene layers with photo-lithographed copper structures. We will discuss the performance of the first prototypes and a few techniques for the improvement of future designs. General considerations at the root of achromatic designs will also be touched upon which are valid for both optical and waveguide phase modulators.
Inductance effects in RLC trees (2003)

A closed form solution for characterizing voltage-based signals in an RLC tree is presented. This closed form solution is used to derive figures of merit to characterize the effects of inductance at a specific node in an RLC tree. The effective damping factor of the signal at a specific node in an RLC tree is shown to be a useful figure of merit, As the effective damping factor of a signal increases, an RC model is sufficiently accurate to characterize that waveform. The rise time of the input signal driving an RLC tree is another factor characterizing the importance of inductance. As the rise time of the input signal becomes much larger than the effective LC time constant at a specific node within an RLC tree, the signal at this node does not exhibit the effects of inductance. Evidence is provided showing that using a single line analysis to determine the importance of including inductance to characterize a tree structured interconnect line is invalid in many cases and can lead to erroneous conclusions.
Chronic myelogenous leukemia cell growth and maturation in liquid culture. (1974)

A recently developed liquid culture technique was used to determine the proliferative and maturational characteristics of leukemia cells from 7 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Marrow and blood leukocytes were cultured in an in vitro diffusion chamber for up to 45 days. Proliferation was assessed by viable cell counts and thymidine-3H-labeling indices. Maturation was determined using light and electron microscopy, histochemistry, phagocytosis, and tests for cell immunoglobulin receptors. CML cultures had viable cell counts far exceeding those of normal marrow cultures. The maturational pattern observed with CML in the chronic phase was qualitatively similar to that seen with normal bone marrow. Cultures consisted predominantly of mature granulocytes and macrophages. The macrophages were found to be functionally normal and the Philadelphia chromosome was identified in culture from two patients studied. We conclude that CML in the chronic phase is characterized in vitro by increased myelopoietic capacity with the potential for normal cellular maturation. These observations are consistent with the concept that increased cell production in CML results from an expanded committed stem cell pool. In blast transformation cellular differentiation is defective but, unlike acute myelogenous leukemia, cell proliferation remains high.
Systolic Lattice Processing By Optical Coupled-Wave Device Arrays (1987)

We propose to implement systolic sampled-data lattice processors optically by means of linear integrated optics arrays of coupled-wave devices such as switched directional couplers and TE-TM mode converters. Potential signal processing applications include discrete time and analog frequency filtering and optical pulse compression.
Erratum: “Impact of strain on free-exciton resonance energies in wurtzite AlN” [J. Appl. Phys. 102, 123707 (2007)] (2008)

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Computational and experimental investigation of Co and S-doped Ni2P as an efficient electrocatalyst for acid mediated proton exchange membrane hydrogen evolution reaction (2020)

DFT study illuminating modification of the electronic structure and corresponding experimental validation of the enhanced acid mediated HER activity of Co and S doped Ni<sub>2</sub>P.
RePose: Learning Deep Kinematic Priors for Fast Human Pose Estimation (2020)

We propose a novel efficient and lightweight model for human pose estimation from a single image. Our model is designed to achieve competitive results at a fraction of the number of parameters and computational cost of various state-of-the-art methods. To this end, we explicitly incorporate part-based structural and geometric priors in a hierarchical prediction framework. At the coarsest resolution, and in a manner similar to classical part-based approaches, we leverage the kinematic structure of the human body to propagate convolutional feature updates between the keypoints or body parts. Unlike classical approaches, we adopt end-to-end training to learn this geometric prior through feature updates from data. We then propagate the feature representation at the coarsest resolution up the hierarchy to refine the predicted pose in a coarse-to-fine fashion. The final network effectively models the geometric prior and intuition within a lightweight deep neural network, yielding state-of-the-art results for a model of this size on two standard datasets, Leeds Sports Pose and MPII Human Pose.
Evaluating the training transfer of Head-Mounted Display based training for assembly tasks (2018)

The automotive industry is growing constantly and more and more assembly workers are needed to negotiate the production volume. The training of new employees is essential to ensure premium quality products and processes. New technologies for training such as head-mounted displays (HMDs) receive a growing amount of attention by the scientific community, especially in the industrial domain. Due to its possibility to work hands-free while providing users with necessary augmented information, HMDs can enhance the quality and efficiency of assembly training tasks. However, comprehensive evaluations in industrial environments regarding the training transfer using augmented reality (AR) technologies are still very limited. In this paper, we aim to close this gap by conducting a user study with two groups and 30 participants, measuring the training transfer. We compare the effects of two slightly different HMD-based training applications. The first group complete a tutorial, beginner, intermediate and expert training level, while the second group received an additional quiz level. Results show that group two needed 17% more time to complete the training but made 79% less sequence mistakes compared to the first group. Additionally, we compare the user satisfaction by using the system usability scale (SUS) and the perceived workload by measuring the NASA-TLX.
3D‐Printed Gastric Resident Electronics (2018)

Long-term implantation of biomedical electronics into the human body enables advanced diagnostic and therapeutic functionalities. However, most long-term resident electronics devices require invasive procedures for implantation as well as a specialized receiver for communication. Here, a gastric resident electronic (GRE) system that leverages the anatomical space offered by the gastric environment to enable residence of an orally delivered platform of such devices within the human body is presented. The GRE is capable of directly interfacing with portable consumer personal electronics through Bluetooth, a widely adopted wireless protocol. In contrast to the passive day-long gastric residence achieved with prior ingestible electronics, advancement in multimaterial prototyping enables the GRE to reside in the hostile gastric environment for a maximum of 36 d and maintain ≈15 d of wireless electronics communications as evidenced by the studies in a porcine model. Indeed, the synergistic integration of reconfigurable gastric-residence structure, drug release modules, and wireless electronics could ultimately enable the next-generation remote diagnostic and automated therapeutic strategies.
Superior amine catalysts for the Baylis–Hillman reaction: the use of DBU and its implications† (1999)

DBU, which is normally regarded as a hindered and non-nucleophilic base, is in fact the optimum catalyst for the Baylis–Hillman reaction, providing adducts at much faster rates than using DABCO or 3HQD; the scope of the Baylis–Hillman reaction is enhanced using this catalyst and implications of this finding are discussed.