gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Online Feedback Droop Scheduling in Distribution Grids for Frequency and Local Voltage Control (2022)

This paper presents a novel framework for collective control of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) in active Distribution Networks (DNs). The proposed approach unifies the commonly employed local (i.e., decentralized) voltage and frequency droop control schemes into a transfer matrix relating frequency and voltage magnitude measurements to active and reactive power injection adjustments. Furthermore, the transfer matrices of individual DER units are adaptively tuned in real-time via slow communication links using a novel online gain scheduling approach to enable primary frequency support provision to the transmission system and ensure that the DN voltages are kept within the allowable limits. A global asymptomatic stability condition of the analyzed droop-controlled DN is analytically established. The considered gain scheduling problem is solved by leveraging an online primal-dual gradient-based method and a suitable linearized power flow model. Additional ancillary service providers can be trivially incorporated into the proposed framework in a plug-and-play fashion. Numerical simulations of the 37-bus IEEE test system and a realistic Swedish 533-bus DN confirm the validity and the scalability of the approach and demonstrate numerous advantages of the proposed scheme over the state-of-the-art.
In defense of phage (2013)

Viruses that infect bacteria are the most abundant biological agents on the planet and bacteria have evolved diverse defense mechanisms to combat these genetic parasites. One of these bacterial defense systems relies on a repetitive locus, referred to as a CRISPR (clusters of regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats). Bacteria and archaea acquire resistance to invading viruses and plasmids by integrating short fragments of foreign nucleic acids at one end of the CRISPR locus. CRISPR loci are transcribed and the long primary CRISPR transcript is processed into a library of small RNAs that guide the immune system to invading nucleic acids, which are subsequently degraded by dedicated nucleases. However, the development of CRISPR-mediated immune systems has not eradicated phages, suggesting that viruses have evolved mechanisms to subvert CRISPR-mediated protection. Recently, Bondy-Denomy and colleagues discovered several phage-encoded anti-CRISPR proteins that offer new insight into the ongoing molecular arms race between viral parasites and the immune systems of their hosts.
Source Coding: Part I of Fundamentals of Source and Video Coding (2010)

Source Coding is the first part of the two-part monograph Fundamentals of Source and Video Coding by Wiegand and Schwarz. It is devoted to the fundamental subject of source coding. Source Coding is a standalone text and also forms the basis for the second part, which describes the application of sources coding techniques to video coding. Based on a simple and accessible presentation of the fundamentals of information and rate distortion theory, the authors describe the subjects of entropy coding and quantization as well as predictive and transform coding. All relevant source coding results that are required for the understanding of today's video compression algorithms are established. The emphasis is on source coding techniques that have become relevant for video coding in recent years. To illustrate the concepts and efficiency of the basic sources coding techniques, the authors provide numerous examples and experimental results for simple model sources. In addition to widely known results, the text also offers some elements that are new or rarely covered in references on source coding today, which include: Huffman coding for variable-length symbol sequences and PIPE coding, scalar quantization in combination with advanced entropy coding techniques, a simple model for the rate distortion performance of entropy-constrained scalar quantization for Gaussian sources that is valid over the entire bit rate range, a proof for the optimality of the Karhunen-Loève transform for Gaussian sources. Source Coding is suitable as a primary text for courses on this subject. It can also be used as a resource for teaching and as a comprehensive reference for professional engineers and academic researches.
A Method for Face and Facial Parts Recognition Utilizing the Hough Transformation and Related Procedures (2001)

The authors propose a method, applied to automatic facial caricaturing, for extracting faces and facial parts from a grayscale image; an outline of the method and experimental results are presented in this paper. The irises of the eyes were first extracted using a Hough transformation for circles. Based on the location of the extracted irises, the eyebrows, nose, and mouth were extracted by a simple method based on the profile. An experiment using 96 grayscale facial images showed recognition rates of at least 95%. To extract the shapes of the facial parts, a generalized Hough transformation was applied to the edge patterns in the respective facial parts' regions. The parameter space of this Hough transformation was characterized by the dominant coefficients of the K-L expansion applied to the sampled data of the facial part. An experiment attempting extraction of the eye boundary was performed, and it was confirmed that the eye boundaries can be successfully extracted with a limited number of boundary feature points.
Recognizing partially occluded objects by a bidirectional associative memory neural network (1993)

We develop a bidirectional associative memory (BAM)-based neural network to achieve high-speed partial shape recognition. To recognize objects that are partially occluded, we represent each object by a set of landmarks. The landmarks of an object are points of interest relative to the object that have important shape attributes. To achieve recognition, feature values (landmark values) of each model object are trained and stored in the network. Each memory cell is trained to store landmark values of a model object for all possible positions. Given a scene that may consist of several objects, landmarks in the scene are first extracted, and their corresponding landmark values are computed. Scene landmark values are entered to each trained memory cell. The memory cell is shown to be able to recall the position of the model object in the scene. A heuristic measure is then computed to validate the recognition.
Lexical knowledge representation and natural language processing (1994)

Pustejovsky, J. and B. Boguraev, Lexical knowledge representation and natural language processing, Artificial Intelligence 63 (1993) 193-223. Traditionally, semantic information in computational lexicons is limited to notions such as selectional restrictions or domain-specific constraints, encoded in a static representation. This information is typically used in natural language processing by a simple knowledge manipulation mechanism limited to the ability to match valences of structurally related words. The most advanced device for imposing structure on lexical information is that of inheritance, both at the object (lexical items) and meta (lexical concepts) levels of lexicon. In this paper we argue that this is an impoverished view of a computational lexicon and that, for all its advantages, simple inheritance lacks the descriptive power necessary for characterizing fine-grained distinctions in the lexical semantics of words. We describe a theory of lexical semantics making use of a knowledge representation framework that offers a richer, more expressive vocabulary for lexical information. In particular, by performing specialized inference over the ways in which aspects of knowledge structures of words in context can be composed, mutually compatible and contextually relevant lexical components of words and phrases are highlighted. We discuss the relevance of this view of the lexicon, as an explanatory device accounting for language creativity, as well as a mechanism underlying the implementation of open-ended natural language processing systems. In particular, we demonstrate how lexical ambiguity resolution--now an integral part of the same procedure that creates the semantic interpretation of a sentence itself--becomes a process not of selecting from a pre-determined set of senses, but of highlighting certain lexical properties brought forth by, and relevant to, the current context.
Daratumumab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone in relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma (2017)

Daratumumab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone (pom-dex) was evaluated in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma with ≥2 prior lines of therapy who were refractory to their last treatment. Patients received daratumumab 16 mg/kg at the recommended dosing schedule, pomalidomide 4 mg daily for 21 days of each 28-day cycle, and dexamethasone 40 mg weekly. Safety was the primary end point. Overall response rate (ORR) and minimal residual disease (MRD) by next-generation sequencing were secondary end points. Patients (N = 103) received a median (range) of 4 (1-13) prior therapies; 76% received ≥3 prior therapies. The safety profile of daratumumab plus pom-dex was similar to that of pom-dex alone, with the exception of daratumumab-specific infusion-related reactions (50%) and a higher incidence of neutropenia, although without an increase in infection rate. Common grade ≥3 adverse events were neutropenia (78%), anemia (28%), and leukopenia (24%). ORR was 60% and was generally consistent across subgroups (58% in double-refractory patients). Among patients with a complete response or better, 29% were MRD negative at a threshold of 10<sup>-5</sup> Among the 62 responders, median duration of response was not estimable (NE; 95% confidence interval [CI], 13.6-NE). At a median follow-up of 13.1 months, the median progression-free survival was 8.8 (95% CI, 4.6-15.4) months and median overall survival was 17.5 (95% CI, 13.3-NE) months. The estimated 12-month survival rate was 66% (95% CI, 55.6-74.8). Aside from increased neutropenia, the safety profile of daratumumab plus pom-dex was consistent with that of the individual therapies. Deep, durable responses were observed in heavily treated patients. The study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01998971.
Experimental Demonstration of 340 km SSMF Transmission Using a Virtual Single Sideband OFDM Signal that Employs Carrier Suppressed and Iterative Detection Techniques (2008)

We propose and demonstrate a virtual SSB-OFDM with direct detection that uses half the electrical bandwidth by employing an RF tone at the edge of the signal. We transmit 10 Gbps data with a 4-QAM over 340 km of SSMF with no penalty.
A New Framework for Particle Detection in Low-SNR Fluorescence Live-Cell Images and Its Application for Improved Particle Tracking (2012)

Image denoising and signal enhancement are two common steps to improve particle contrast for detection in low-signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) fluorescence live-cell images. However, denoising may oversmooth features of interest, particularly weak features, leading to false negative detection. Here, we propose a robust framework for particle detection in which image denoising in the grayscale image is not needed, so avoiding image oversmoothing. A key to our approach is the new development of a particle enhancement filter based on the recently proposed particle probability image to obtain significantly enhanced particle features and greatly suppressed background in low-SNR and low-contrast environments. The new detection method is formed by combining foreground and background markers with watershed transform operating in both particle probability and grayscale spaces; dynamical switchings between the two spaces can optimally make use the information in images for accurate determination of particle position, size, and intensity. We further develop the interacting multiple mode filter for particle motion modeling and data association by incorporating the extra information obtained from our particle detector to enhance the efficiency of multiple particle tracking. We find that our methods lead to significant improvements in particle detection and tracking efficiency in fluorescence live-cell applications.
10 Gb/s Upstream Transmission in TWDM PON Using Duobinary and PAM-4 Modulations with Directly Modulated Tunable DBR Laser (2013)

10Gb/s upstream transmissions in C-band over 40km are demonstrated for symmetric TWDM PON system using tunable DBR lasers. Compared to NRZ, duobinary and PAM-4 signals with direct modulation result in significantly lower dispersion penalty (~1dB).
Mechanical and Metabolic Energy Differences When Using a Modified NordicTrack Elliptical Trainer for Gait Training (2007)

The mechanical design of elliptical trainers often creates a foot position that is less than optimal when compared to normal gait. PURPOSE: To investigate performance differences in subjects using a standard elliptical trainer and a modified version that provided controlled gait-like ankle articulation. METHODS: Eight healthy adult subjects (4 male, 4 female; mean age 28.6 ± 5.2) participated in this study. Subjects were asked to ambulate on the elliptical trainer with and without the ankle modifications at two metronome paced speeds (1Hz and 1.5Hz). Video based motion analysis techniques were used to collect sagittal plane kinematic data at a rate of 30Hz. Oxygen consumption (VO2) was measured using ventilatory expired gas analysis. Digitized video data were low-pass filtered using a 4th order zero phase lag Butterworth filter with a cutoff frequency of 6Hz. Total mechanical energy was determined via a summed segmental analysis that included translational and rotational kinetic energy and potential energy. RESULTS: The articulation of the footplate in the sagittal plane on the modified elliptical trainer correlated with normal ambulation (r2=0.83, p<0.001) while the elliptical trainer without modification had a weaker correlation (r2=0.62, p<0.001). Lower joint angle correlations were found at the hip and knee (r2=0.72 and r2=0.66 respectively, p<0.001) for the modified elliptical trainer compared to normal gait. These did not differ significantly from the non-modified elliptical trainer. No statistically significant differences were found between the mechanical energy required by the modified and the non-modified elliptical trainer (1Hz, p=0.163, 1.5Hz, p=0.304). VO2 was higher with the modified elliptical trainer (1Hz speed: modified 16.79 +/− 3.18 ml/ kg* min, non-modified 12.87+/− 1.81 ml/kg* min, p=0.001, 1.5Hz speed: modified 19.87 +/− 2.97ml/kg* min, non-modified 16.38 +/− 2.98 ml/kg* min, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The modified elliptical trainer provided an ambulation pattern more like normal gait at the ankle but was no different from the non-modified elliptical trainer at the hip and the knee. These changes did not effect the mechanical energy required for ambulation, but did require increased VO2.
Editorial: Pulsed Electric Fields in Biotechnology (2021)

EDITORIAL article Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 30 April 2021Sec. Bioprocess Engineering https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.639150
High Serum Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) RNA Load Predicts the Presence of HCV RNA in Saliva from Individuals with Chronic and Acute HCV Infection (2006)

The detection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in saliva was studied. Twenty-three subjects with chronic HCV infection and 1 subject with acute HCV infection were enrolled in a 21-day study. Roche COBAS Amplicor and Bayer VERSANT HCV RNA qualitative assays were used. For the 23 subjects with chronic HCV infection, 72% of 474 saliva samples were positive (or were imputed to be positive) for HCV RNA. Serum HCV RNA load predicted the detection of HCV RNA in saliva (odds ratio of 378.7 [95% confidence interval, 18.9-9996.6] for each additional log10 value). This association was also observed in 1 subject with acute HCV infection. Thus, our data demonstrate that salivary HCV RNA detection was associated with serum HCV RNA load in individuals who were chronically or acutely infected with HCV.
Reflectionless quasiconformal carpet cloak via parameterization strategy (2015)

In this work the possibility of using both the parameterization function and the least squares method to achieve a quasiconformal carpet cloak via a transformation optical design is demonstrated. The parameterization strategy allows us to obtain a continuous interface around the media, and, therefore, the resulting structure is reflectionless. Polynomial series are added to the coordinate transformation functions, providing a number of degrees of freedom (DoF) without modifying the device boundary conditions. The anisotropy reduction effects over the coordinate transformation are analyzed for different numbers of DoF in the parameterization function. The method&#x2019;s connection with the Riemann mapping theorem is also studied. Our results indicate that anisotropy can be reduced to very close to zero with increasing DoF without incurring edge reflections around the carpet cloak.
Eliminating Sidewall Damage During Etch Process for Ultra Low-kFilm (2004)

There is a growing concern over the side wall damage caused by plasma etching in low-k interconnect process development. The extended vertical irregularities termed as "striations" is one such plasma damage resulting in a very rough surface on trench side walls. In the present work, mechanism of striation formation was studied in the trench etching process of ultra low-k (ULK) "spin-on type" film in Cu/ULK interconnects for 130 nm technology node. Reactive ion etch process was carried out to form trenches in the ultra low-k film capped with a dual hard mask deposited by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique. The ultra low-k film thickness was 5000 Å and critical dimension target of trench was 180 nm. Very obvious trench side wall striations were seen after etching the trenches with the conventional etch chemistry containing C4F8/CO gas mixture and stripping with O2 gas. An alternate method using different etch chemistry containing CHF3 gas mixture was proposed which greatly minimized the side wall striations. The mechanism of striation formation on trench side walls and successful elimination by modified etch process was studied and correlation of results was obtained through surface roughness measurements on blanket film. The alternate method of etching provided valuable solutions to trench etch of ultra low-k material. Several advantages evolved from this method of etching will also be discussed in this paper.
Detection of vital signs for multiple subjects by using self-injection-locked radar and mutually injection-locked beam scanning array (2017)

This study combines self-injection-locked (SIL) radar and ILO-based phased array to conduct non-contact vital sign detection on multiple users. For this purpose, multiple injection-locked oscillators (ILOs) are mutual injection locked to each other at a common frequency. By adjusting the tuning voltages of ILOs, the phase shift among ILOs can be controlled, and therefore the beam scanning of the array can be achieved. Moreover, the signals reflected from the chest of the subjects are injected into the ILOs to enter an SIL state for radar operation. In the experiment, the prototype operating in the 2.4-GHz ISM band is utilized to detect the vital signs of three subjects within two meters at different azimuth angles relative to the array.
Context-sensitive corticosteroid use in head injury (2005)

1Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, 2Department of Anaesthesia, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge
Agents are everywhere (1997)

Applications such as information access, information filter-ing, electronic commerce, workflow management, andintelligent manufacturing are becoming ever more preva-lent over the Web. What these applications have in com-mon is a need for mechanisms to manage distributed infor-mation—to help advertise it, find it, present it, and updateit. Since the Web is an open system, where heterogeneousinformation sources may appear and disappear arbitrarily,these mechanisms must be extensible and flexible.In the months and years ahead, we predict that agentswill become an essential part of most Web-based applica-tions, serving as the “glue” that makes a system as largeas the Web manageable and viable. In this column, wewill keep you abreast of the latest developments in agenttechnology in the context of webs, both Internet andintranet. We will review products, services, research pro-jects, industry trends, and relevant standards. To keep ourfeet on the ground, we will try to feature at least oneworking system in each column.
The modulus constraint: a new constraint self-calibration (1996)

To obtain a Euclidean reconstruction from images the cameras have to be calibrated. In recent years different approaches have been proposed to avoid explicit calibration. The problem with these methods is that several parameters have to be retrieved at once. Because of the non-linearity of the equations this is not an easy task and the methods often fail to converge. In the's paper a stratified approach is proposed which allows to first retrieve the affine calibration of the camera using the modulus constraint. Having the affine calibration it is easy to upgrade to Euclidean. The important advantage of this method is that only three parameters have to be evaluated at first. From a practical point of view, the major gain is that an affine reconstruction is obtained from arbitrary sequences of views, whereas so far affine reconstruction has been based on pairs of views with a pure translation in between. A short illustration of another application is also given. Once the affine calibration is known, the constraint can be used to retrieve the Euclidean calibration in the presence of a variable focal length.
High-Throughput Adaptive Data Virtualization via Context-Aware Query Routing (2018)

Query throughput degradation is a common problem when migrating applications from an on-premises to a cloud-based data warehouse. In this paper, we propose CAQR: a context-aware query router. CAQR is a middleware-based database replication solution that improves workload throughput by combining the strong points of existing data replication methods and mitigating their limitations at the same time. CAQR provides strong data consistency without the need for real-time synchronization or manual annotation of queries. Employing a master-slave architecture, CAQR runs atop an adaptive data virtualization layer and automatically sends a query to the correct replica, so that the execution preserves the strong data consistency property. Extensive experiments on real-world and benchmark workloads show the practicality and efficiency of the solution: CAQR achieves near-linear scalability, without requiring any changes to the application layer.
Updates on IoT Magazine and the Editorial Board (2021)

I joined the IoT Magazine Editorial Board as Editor-in-Chief at the beginning of this year. It is my great pleasure to serve along with an outstanding Editorial Board and publication staff members. IoT Magazine is relatively a young magazine, only started in September 2018, but it already has had a significant impact; there were over 38,000 IEEE Xplore downloads in 2020. Our goal is to improve the impact further to the next level. We have made significant changes this year to the publication and Editorial Board as discussed below.
Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable Inhibitors of Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Kinase Based on a Quaternary Substituted Dihydrofuropyrimidine (2011)

A series of inhibitors of mTOR kinase based on a quaternary-substituted dihydrofuropyrimidine was designed and synthesized. The most potent compounds in this series inhibited mTOR kinase with K(i) < 1.0 nM and were highly (>100×) selective for mTOR over the closely related PI3 kinases. Compounds in this series showed inhibition of the pathway and antiproliferative activity in cell-based assays. Furthermore, these compounds had excellent mouse PK, and showed a robust PK-PD relationship in a mouse model of cancer.