gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bright Coherent Optical Waveforms from the Infrared to the Vacuum Ultraviolet for Manipulation and Detection of Molecules (2012)

In this grant we made four major advances in extreme nonlinear optics and strong field science.First we showed that it is possible to induce electromagnetic transparency in an atom (He) subject to intense vacuum VUV radiation.This allowed us to enhance or suppress multiphoton ionization of an atom by manipulating two interfering pathways for ionization.Second visualized in space and time the dynamic evolution of the entire ten-electron valence shell electron density as a molecular bond ruptures -a feat that was never before achieved.Third, we theoretically developed a new and generalized realization of quasi phase matching (QPM) -called spatiotemporal quasi-phase matching -that generalizes traditional spatial QPM using layered media to space-time QPM.Instead of simply being described by a momentum mismatch, in general a nonlinear optical process may possess an energy mismatch, a momentum mismatch, or both an energy and momentum mismatch.Finally, we developed a new understanding of high harmonic generation that allowed us substantially increased the conversion efficiency into the vacuum ultraviolet region of the spectrum by using UV and VUV driving lasers.
Charge‐Trap Flash‐Memory Oxide Transistors Enabled by Copper–Zirconia Composites (2014)

A solution-processed electrochemical charge-trap flash memory element is based on a solid solution of copper and zirconium oxides (Cu-ZrO2) as a charge-trapping layer. Because of the facile reduction of Cu(2+) to Cu(1+), Cu-ZrO2 thin films are especially effective in memory devices based on thin-film transistors when the devices are fabricated from combustion-processed metal-oxide semiconductors (In2O3 and an indium-gallium oxide).
Clinical Acquired Resistance to RAF Inhibitor Combinations in BRAF -Mutant Colorectal Cancer through MAPK Pathway Alterations (2015)

RAF inhibitor combinations represent promising approaches in clinical development for BRAF-mutant colorectal cancer. Initial characterization of clinical acquired resistance mechanisms to these regimens identified several MAPK pathway alterations driving resistance by reactivating MAPK signaling, highlighting the critical dependence of BRAF-mutant colorectal cancers on MAPK signaling and offering potential strategies to overcome resistance.
PREFACE (2007)

This special issue is edited to summarize recent research activity associated with severe plastic deformation (SPD). It is well known that significant refinement of microstructures is achieved in metallic materials using the SPD processes such as Equal-Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP), Accumulative Roll Bonding (ARB) and High-Pressure Torsion (HPT). High strength is attained without losing much of the ductility for the SPD-processed materials. Superplasticity may also appear because the grain size is reduced to the submicrometer range using the SPD processes. This special issue includes research results on such subjects.
Artificial Viruses and Their Application to Gene Delivery. Size-Controlled Gene Coating with Glycocluster Nanoparticles (2003)

Number- and size-controlled macromolecular associations are common in biology with viruses as a typical example. We report here a novel example of artificial viruses, in which the double-helical DNA is coated with 4-nm sized neutral glycocluster nanoparticles (GNPs) with a coating stoichiometry of approximately 2 GNPs per helical pitch (10 base pairs), where GNP arises from micellization of a cone-shaped, quadruple-chain glycocluster amphiphile having eight saccharide moieties with beta-glucoside termini on the calix[4]resorcarene macrocycle. The resulting "glycoviruses" are compactly packed (54 nm in the case of 7040 base-pair plasmid pCMVluc), are well charge-shielded (zeta congruent with approximately 0 mV), and effectively transfect cell cultures without notable cytotoxicity. The use of artificial viral vectors thus allows a new (nonamine/noncationic/nonpolymeric) access to gene delivery, a potential but still tough subject which has been studied extensively over the last 15 years by using viral or amine-based cationic vectors. The remarkable adhesion-manipulation ability of saccharide clusters also provides a strategy of bottom-up construction of nanometric or mesoscopic sizes.
Evidence of minority carrier injection efficiency &gt;90% in an epitaxial graphene/SiC Schottky emitter bipolar junction phototransistor for ultraviolet detection (2016)

In this letter, we report the UV detection characteristics of an epitaxial graphene (EG)/SiC based Schottky emitter bipolar phototransistor (SEPT) with EG on top as the transparent Schottky emitter layer. Under 0.43 μW UV illumination, the device showed a maximum common emitter current gain of 113, when operated in the Schottky emitter mode. We argue that avalanche gain and photoconductive gain can be excluded, indicating minority carrier injection efficiency, γ, as high as 99% at the EG/p-SiC Schottky junction. This high γ is attributed to the large, highly asymmetric barrier, which EG forms with the p-SiC. The maximum responsivity of the UV phototransistor is estimated to be 7.1 A/W. The observed decrease in gain with increase in UV power is attributed to recombination in the base region, which reduces the minority carrier lifetime.
Expression of rat renal cortical OAT1 and OAT3 in response to acute biliary obstruction (2006)

Renal function in the course of obstructive jaundice has been the subject of great interest; however, little is known about the expression of renal organic anion transporters. The objective of this work was to study, in rats with acute extrahepatic cholestasis, the cortical renal expression of the organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1) and the organic anion transporter 3 (OAT3), in association with the pharmacokinetics and renal excretion of furosemide (FS). Male Wistar rats underwent bile duct ligation (BDL rats). Pair-fed sham-operated rats served as controls. All studies were carried out 21 hours after surgery. Rats were anesthetized and the pharmacokinetic parameters of FS and the renal elimination of FS were determined. Afterwards, the kidneys were excised and processed for immunoblot (basolateral membrane and renal homogenates) or immunocytochemical (light microscopic and confocal immunofluorescence microscopic analysis) techniques. The systemic and renal clearance of FS as well as the excreted and secreted load of FS increased in BDL rats. In kidneys from BDL rats, immunoblotting showed a significant increase in the abundance of both OAT1 and OAT3 in homogenates from renal cortex. In basolateral membranes from kidney cortex of BDL rats, OATI abundance was also increased and OAT3 abundance was not modified. Immunocytochemical techniques confirmed these results. In conclusion, acute obstructive jaundice is associated with an upregulation of OAT1 and OAT3, which might explain, at least in part, the increased systemic and renal elimination of FS.
Complete Genome Sequences of Two Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Crows (2019)

<i>Escherichia coli</i> strains RM9088 and RM10410 were isolated from crows near a leafy greens-growing region in California in April and July 2009, respectively. Both strains carry genes encoding Shiga toxins and other virulence factors in enteric pathogens. Here, we report the complete genome sequences of RM9088 and RM10410.
Structured, hydrophobic coatings and ink films with elevations and recesses containing silsesquioxane cage compounds and their manufacture and uses (2003)

The invention concerns structured surfaces with elevations and recesses, which contain polyhedral oligomeric silicon oxygen cluster units. Such surfaces can contain e.g. hydrophobic, abrasion and scratch-proof characteristics and/or self-cleaning characteristics. Likewise such surfaces can be overcoated with an antireflection film. The surfaces according to invention are formed by fixing polyhedral oligomeric silicon-oxygen cluster compds. a surface. These compds. are applied to the surfaces as additives in coatings and inks. A typical silsesquioxane cage was manufd. by stirring 446 g iso-BuSi(OMe)3 in 4300 mL MeCO with 6.4 g KOH in 200 mL water for 3 days. [on SciFinder (R)]
Solid-State NMR Characterization of Polysiloxane Matrixes Functionalized with Ether-Phosphines and Their Ruthenium(II) and Palladium(II) Complexes (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolid-State NMR Characterization of Polysiloxane Matrixes Functionalized with Ether-Phosphines and Their Ruthenium(II) and Palladium(II) ComplexesEkkehard Lindner, Rudolf Schreiber, Martin Kemmler, Theodor Schneller, and Hermann A. MayerCite this: Chem. Mater. 1995, 7, 5, 951–960Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00053a022https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00053a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views157Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Plasmonic Metasurface for Color Hologram (2015)

We report a full-color meta-hologram based on a reflective metasurface. The reconstructed image of the meta-hologram is polarization-dependent with three primary colors, arranged in a plasmonic array in visible light region.
ChemInform Abstract: A General and Efficient Method for the Suzuki—Miyaura Coupling of 2‐Pyridyl Nucleophiles. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Supplementary Figure S3 from PTEN Regulates Glutamine Flux to Pyrimidine Synthesis and Sensitivity to Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibition (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S3. PTEN loss confers sensitivity to de novo pyrimidine synthesis inhibition.&lt;/p&gt;
Outrunner generator with optimized cogging torque pattern for an electromechanical energy harvester (2016)

In contrast to widely applied permanent magnet (PM) machine optimization for minimization of cogging torque, this paper describes a method for shaping the cogging torque of a PM outrunner machine towards a desired sinusoidal torque pattern. The underlying goal of this approach is to compensate the cogging torque of a kinetic energy harvester (KEH) with the optimized counter cogging torque of a generator connected to the same shaft. Therefore, the total cogging torque is highly reduced, and a self-starting electromechanical energy harvester, comprising KEH and outrunner generator is formed. The key degree of freedom for shaping the cogging torque is the sinusoidal modulation of the machine's air gap. An algorithm based on the multi-dimensional Secant method, which is related to the multi-dimensional Newton-Raphson method, first evaluates the cogging torque of a given generator geometry with two-dimensional finite element method (2-D FEM) simulations and then iterates the geometry of the outrunner machine until the cogging torque target is achieved. Using the presented optimization approach, a generator design with the desired sinusoidal cogging torque pattern is obtained, achieving a total cogging torque reduction of the overall electromechanical energy harvesting system of 90%.
Musculoskeletal ultrasound in hemophilia: Results and recommendations from a global survey and consensus meeting (2021)

Ultrasound is an evolving technology increasingly used for the assessment of MSK outcomes in persons with hemophilia. As adoption increases globally for clinical care and research, it will become increasingly important to establish clear guidelines for image acquisition, interpretation, and reporting to ensure accuracy, consistency, and comparability across groups.
A Listen before Talk Algorithm with Frequency Reuse for LTE Based Licensed Assisted Access in Unlicensed Spectrum (2016)

This paper investigates a listen before talk (LBT) algorithm to realize both collision avoidance with nodes of other wireless systems/operators and one-cell reuse operation among nodes of the same operator for long term evolution (LTE) based licensed-assisted access (LAA) in unlicensed spectrum. When LTE system is operated in unlicensed spectrum, implementation of a LBT algorithm is required to not only follow the regulation but also realize fair coexistence with other operators' nodes or other systems' nodes, e.g. wireless local area network (WLAN), which can be operated in the same channel. However, since physical layer functionalities of LTE is designed to work in one-cell reuse operation, from the efficiency of unlicensed channels, it is preferable that LAA nodes of the same operator simultaneously transmits signals. Therefore, we study a LBT with frequency reuse which can flexibly perform collision avoidance and one-cell reuse operation according to whether the channel is idle or busy. In the proposed LBT, while applying a LBT with random backoff algorithm as the basis, each LAA node aligns the transmission timing with other LAA nodes of the same operator. Computer simulation confirms that LBT with frequency reuse can improve the throughput performances of both LAA users and WLAN users under the environment where LAA and WLAN nodes coexist.
Poster (2017)

Charging mobile devices fast alleviates users' impatience in waiting for their devices to be charged. So, fast charging has been the focus of both industry and academia, developing and deploying various technologies, such as Quick Charge by Qualcomm, TurboPower by Motorola, Flash Charge by OPPO, etc. Fast charging, unfortunately, accelerates the capacity fading of device battery because it follows the Constant Current, Constant Voltage (CCCV) charge principle without considering the behavior of how users charge their devices. CCCV charging principle is a two-phase charging process consisting of (i) Constant-Current Charge (CC-Chg) and (ii) Constant-Voltage Charge (CV-Chg) [2] where CV-Chg is usually triggered at the end of charging (e.g., 80-100%) to stabilize the battery condition. However, fast charging technologies are agnostic of users' available charging time, resulting in premature termination of the planned charging if users only have limited time. This, in turn, leads to an incomplete CV-Chg phase or even skipping it completely. From our empirical measurements, we discovered that CV-Chg relaxes the batteries and slows down their capacity fading by up to 80% [1] incomplete CV-Chg shortens the battery life significantly over time!
Synthesis and Structure of a Unique Monomeric σ‐Bonded Aryllithium Compound Stabilized by a Weak Li—Benzene π Interaction (1996)

Stabilized only by steric effects and weak solvation by benzene, the aryllithium compound 1 exists as a monomeric benzene adduct. The unique structure of 1 in the solid state is shown on the right; the ortho substituents on the η1-bound phenyl ring have been omitted for clarity.
Event classification for personal photo collections (2011)

People take more and more photos at different time and different events, however, these photos are often put into one giant folder and they are seldom annotated or organized. As the result, people often find it difficult to find photos they want. The problem of media organization and management of such personal photo collections is becoming a much more pressing issue. Event is one of the most important elements of people's life and memories. Such events include Christmas, Halloween parties, Birthday parties, sports match, beach fun, etc. A collection of an event typically consists of a series of photos that constitute the event. Automatic classification of photo collections into pre-defined event types is of critical importance to personal photo management. In this paper, we propose a system that utilizes metadata embedded into each photo as well as the visual features describing the image content to classify each photo. In order to aggregate the information from individual photos to obtain the collection level event annotation, we propose a probabilistic fusion framework that integrates the prediction from individual photos to obtain the collection level prediction. The proposed approach is designed to be scalable so that adding new event categories do not need algorithm redesign. Experiments show promising results of the approach.
Implementing Ability-Based Design: A Systematic Approach to Conceptual User Modeling (2022)

The notion of Ability-Based Design , put forth by Wobbrock et al. [ 80 , 82 ] as a solution to the challenge of creating accessible technology, has been discussed in human-computer interaction research now for over a decade. However, despite being cited as influential on various projects, the concept still lacks a general characterization of how to implement its required focus on abilities. In particular, it lacks a formulation of how to perceive and model users within an articulated design process. To address this shortcoming, we rely on conceptual user modeling to examine Ability-Based Design and propose a characterization of it that is not dependent upon a specific project or research effort but that enables the ability-based design of new technologies in a systematic manner. Our findings show that Ability-Based Design’s focus on abilities requires important changes in typical user modeling approaches that cannot be met with current techniques. Based on the challenges identified through our analysis, we propose a first modification not only of current user modeling but also of current requirements analysis approaches to address abilities and their intertwined dependencies with tasks and contexts as core elements of conceptual models in Ability-Based Design. We thereby demonstrate not only the complexity of modeling users’ abilities, but also draw out promising ideas and perspectives for future research, emphasizing the need for future evaluative work on our approach.
Uplatnění manuální chromatografické separace permethylovaných N-glykanů přítomných v sérech pacientek s nádorem vaječníků (2015)

Rakovina vajecniků je druhým nejcastějsim onkogynekologickým onemocněnim s nejvyssi umrtnosti. V soucasne době lecba onemocněni spociva v chirurgickem odstraněni nadoru, chemoterapii a radioterapii. Při chemoterapii se využivaji platinove derivaty, na ktere casto při lecbě vznika rezistence. Je znamo, že glykanove struktury mohou informovat o biologických i biochemických dějich v organizmu a mohou indikovat přitomnost a průběh onemocněni. Lze tedy předpokladat, že změny v glykanových profilech ser odebraných před chemoterapeutickou lecbou by mohly pomoci k predikci rezistence pacientek na tuto lecbu. Pro experiment bylo použito 2,5 ul sera, ve kterem byly denaturovany proteiny a purifikovany, redukovany a permetylovany glykany. Cast vzorku byla měřena bez separace hmotnostnim spektrometrem MALDI-TOF/TOF (Applied Biosystems). Druha cast byla separovana přes 1 cm kolonku naplněnou reverzni fazi (Aeris peptide C18 3,6µm castice)1. Jednotlive frakce byly sbirany na MALDI desticku a po převrstveni matrici měřeny za stejných podminek. Spektra byla upravena v programu Data Explorer použitim funkci: Baseline Correction, Noise/Smooth filter a porovnana s databazi glykanů2. Výsledky měřeni ukazaly možnost separace permethylovaných glykanů na reverzni fazi. Ve frakcich po manualni chromatograficke separaci bylo v hmotnostnich spektrech patrne lepsi rozděleni a detekovan vyssi pocet jednotlivých glykanů a dale doslo ke zvýseni intenzit piků v m/z rozsahu nad 3500.
Response to 'Plasma proteins present in osteoarthritic synovial fluid can stimulate cytokine production via Toll-like receptor 4' - authors' reply (2012)

We thank Oliviero and colleagues for their interest in our recent publication Th eir results strongly support the concept that extravascular plasma proteins may act as damage-associated molecular patterns, and specifi cally as Toll-like receptor 4 agonists. In addition, we note that the NALP-3 infl ammasome exhibits dependence on Toll-like receptor 4 or other mechanisms of priming of IL-1 transcription, thereby generating pro-IL-1 that can be converted to IL-1 by the activated infl ammasome
Biomimetic channel modeling local vascular dynamics of pro-inflammatory endothelial changes (2016)

Endothelial cells form the inner lining of blood vessels and are exposed to various factors like hemodynamic conditions (shear stress, laminar, and turbulent flow), biochemical signals (cytokines), and communication with other cell types (smooth muscle cells, monocytes, platelets, etc.). Blood vessel functions are regulated by interactions among these factors. The occurrence of a pathological condition would lead to localized upregulation of cell adhesion molecules on the endothelial lining of the blood vessel. This process is promoted by circulating cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, which leads to expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on the endothelial cell surface among other molecules. ICAM-1 is critical in regulating endothelial cell layer dynamic integrity and cytoskeletal remodeling and also mediates direct cell-cell interactions as part of inflammatory responses and wound healing. In this study, we developed a biomimetic blood vessel model by culturing confluent, flow aligned, endothelial cells in a microfluidic platform, and performed real time in situ characterization of flow mediated localized pro-inflammatory endothelial activation. The model mimics the physiological phenomenon of cytokine activation of endothelium from the tissue side and studies the heterogeneity in localized surface ICAM-1 expression and F-actin arrangement. Fluorescent antibody coated particles were used as imaging probes for identifying endothelial cell surface ICAM-1 expression. The binding properties of particles were evaluated under flow for two different particle sizes and antibody coating densities. This allowed the investigation of spatial resolution and accessibility of ICAM-1 molecules expressed on the endothelial cells, along with their sensitivity in receptor-ligand recognition and binding. This work has developed an in vitro blood vessel model that can integrate various heterogeneous factors to effectively mimic a complex endothelial microenvironment and can be potentially applied for relevant blood vessel mechanobiology studies.