gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetically Encoded Optochemical Probes for Simultaneous Fluorescence Reporting and Light Activation of Protein Function with Two-Photon Excitation (2014)

The site-specific incorporation of three new coumarin lysine analogues into proteins was achieved in bacterial and mammalian cells using an engineered pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase system. The genetically encoded coumarin lysines were successfully applied as fluorescent cellular probes for protein localization and for the optical activation of protein function. As a proof-of-principle, photoregulation of firefly luciferase was achieved in live cells by caging a key lysine residue, and excellent OFF to ON light-switching ratios were observed. Furthermore, two-photon and single-photon optochemical control of EGFP maturation was demonstrated, enabling the use of different, potentially orthogonal excitation wavelengths (365, 405, and 760 nm) for the sequential activation of protein function in live cells. These results demonstrate that coumarin lysines are a new and valuable class of optical probes that can be used for the investigation and regulation of protein structure, dynamics, function, and localization in live cells. The small size of coumarin, the site-specific incorporation, the application as both a light-activated caging group and as a fluorescent probe, and the broad range of excitation wavelengths are advantageous over other genetically encoded photocontrol systems and provide a precise and multifunctional tool for cellular biology.
Rapid magnetic resonance elastography of muscle using one‐dimensional projection (2008)

Muscle stiffness measured using 1D MRE was in agreement with 2D MRE while reducing the scan time by a factor of 4.
Space technology & applications international forum (STAIF-97), January 26-30, 1997, Albuquerque, NM : 1st Conference on Future Science & Earth Science Missions : 1st Conference on Synergistic Power & Propulsion Systems Technology : 1st Conference on Applications of Thermophysics in Microgravity : 2nd Conference on Commercial Development of Space : 2nd Conference on Next Generation Launch Systems : 14th Symposium on Space Nuclear Power and Propulsion (1997)

Available only as a three-volume set (1-56396-679-4), this work features six conferences on synergistic power and propulsion systems technology, applications of thermophysics in microgravity, community development of space, next generation launch systems and space nuclear power and propulsion.
Prediction of Personal Glycemic Responses to Food for Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes Through Integration of Clinical and Microbial Data (2021)

&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;OBJECTIVE&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;Despite technological advances, results from various clinical trials repeatedly showed that many individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) do not achieve their glycemic goals. One of the major challenges in disease management is the administration of an accurate amount of insulin for each meal which will match the expected postprandial glycemic response (PPGR). &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;We recruited individuals with T1D using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) devices simultaneously to a prospective cohort and profiled them for 2 weeks. Participants were asked to report real-time dietary intake using a designated mobile app. We measured their PPGRs and devised machine-learning algorithms for PPGR prediction, which integrate glucose measurements, insulin dosages, dietary habits, blood parameters, anthropometrics, exercise, and gut microbiota. Data of the PPGR of 1,057 healthy individuals to 47,863 meals were also integrated into the model. The performance of the models was evaluated using 10-fold cross validation.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;RESULTS&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;121 individuals with T1D, 75 adults and 46 children, were included in the study. PPGR to 6,377 meals was measured. Our PPGR prediction model substantially outperforms a baseline model emulating standard of care (correlation of R=0.59 compared to R=0.40 for predicted and observed PPGR respectively, p &lt;10&lt;sup&gt;−10&lt;/sup&gt;). The model was robust across different subpopulations. Feature attribution analysis revealed that glucose levels at meal initiation, glucose trend 30 minutes prior to meal, meal carbohydrate content and meal’s carbohydrate/fat ratio were the most influential features to the model. &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;CONCLUSIONS&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;Our model enables a more accurate prediction of PPGR and therefore may allow a better adjustment of the required insulin dosage for meals. It can be further implemented in closed-loop systems and may lead to rationally designed nutritional interventions personally tailored for individuals with T1D based on meals with expected low glycemic response. &lt;/p&gt;
Mixed-Order Kinetic Analysis of the Glow Curve Characteristics of Single Crystal LiF:Mg,Ti as a Function of Ti Concentration (1999)

The glow curve characteristics of single crystal LiF:Mg,Ti, grown by the Bridgman method were studied as a function of Ti concentration (3-14 ppm Ti). The glow curves were deconvoluted into component glow peaks using mixed order model kinetics. The TL sensitivities and activation energies of the glow peaks were studied in both post-irradiation annealed and unannealed samples. In glow curves following a 165(C/15 min anneal to remove peaks 2-4, the activation energy of peak 5 was observed to increase from 1.65 � 0.1 eV at the lowest Ti concentrations, to 1.9 � 0.1 eV from 8-14 ppm Ti concentration. The unique behaviour of peak 5 is interpreted as additional evidence indicating that peak 5 arises from a complex TC/LC spatially correlated defect structure, Mg trimers coupled to Ti, and that the Ti ions perturb the TC, thereby leading to a change in the activation energy.
Spontaneous Raman Scattering in Suspended InGaAsP Waveguides (2009)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text S. A. Holmstrom, T. H. Stievater, M. W. Pruessner, W. S. Rabinovich, S. Kanakaraju, L. C. Calhoun, J. B. Khurgin, D. P. Kelly, and R. Ghodssi, "Spontaneous Raman Scattering in Suspended InGaAsP Waveguides," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/International Quantum Electronics Conference, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2009), paper CThV6. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Wide band gap electronic devices (2003)

The feature sizes of silicon devices approach values where fundamental physics limitations lead to diminishing returns on investment in further scaling, and wide band gap semiconductor materials look increasingly attractive for many applications, where high electron mobility, high current carrying capabilities, a high thermal conductivity, high temperature operation, and a high breakdown field make them superior to silicon and III-V semiconductor technology. GaN-based devices have demonstrated high-temperature operation with little or no degradation up to 300/spl deg/C. The most spectacular results have been obtained for AlGaN/GaN microwave power High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs) that yielded over to 11 W/mm power at 10 GHz. The maximum density of the two-dimensional electron gas at the GaN/AlGaN heterointerface or in GaN/AlGaN quantum well structures can exceed 2/spl times/10/sup 13/ cm/sup -2/, which is an order of magnitude higher than for traditional GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures. Very large piezoelectric constants of AlN and GaN can be used in piezoelectric and pyroelectric sensors and could be taken advantage for enhancing the sheet carrier concentration and reducing leakage current in conventional electronic devices. Recently proposed Strain Energy Band Engineering and Pulsed Atomic Epitaxy techniques should allow us to independently control strain and lattice mismatch by using AlInGaN/GaN heterostructures and should find important applications in power devices. SiO/sub 2//AlGaInN/GaN Metal Oxide Semiconductor Heterostructure Field Effect Transistors (MOSHFETs) and SiN/AlGaInN/GaN Metal Insulator Semiconductor Heterostructure Field Effect Transistors (MISHFETs) have exhibited performance superior to that of conventional AlGaN/GaN devices and hold promise for power applications. GaN epitaxial layers can be grown on SiC, which allows us to combine superior transport properties of GaN with a high thermal conductivity of SiC. All this gives hope that electronic devices based on GaN will reach the same prominence as GaN-based blue and white, and UV light emitters.
SaaS Dynamic Evolution Based on Model-Driven Software Product Lines (2014)

Cloud computing is an emerging paradigm that provides scalable computing and storage capabilities where resources are accessed on a pay-as-you-go basis. Software as a Service (SaaS) applications are hosted in the cloud and made available as services for tenants' organizations over a network. To achieve reusability in cloud computing, software and hardware resources are shared among multiple tenants. Conventional multitenant SaaS applications provide the same set of services for all tenants thus resulting in one-size-fits-all applications. However, as tenants may have different requirements, customizable SaaS solutions are needed. To accommodate evolving tenants' requirements, the SaaS instance should evolve systematically. In this paper, we present a multitenant single instance SaaS evolution platform based on Software Product Lines (SPLs). The platform specifies a set of evolution rules, based on feature modeling, that govern evolution decisions. We also present the early implementation phases of the proposed approach based on SPLs and Model Driven Architecture (MDA) concepts.
ChemInform Abstract: Recycle of Homogeneous Transition Metal Catalysts in Two Liquid Phases (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Safety and Antigenicity of Inactivated Influenza Virus Vaccines in Children: Trials with Monovalent and Bivalent A/New Jersey/76 (HswN1) and A/Victoria/75 Virus Vaccines in Washington, D.C. (1977)

Safety and antigenicity of monovalent and bivalent A/New Jersey/NJ)/76 (HssN1) and A/Victoria/75 inactivated influenza virus vaccines were studied in 125 children aged three to 18 years. In recruitment, families who knew the study team, who were professionally involved, and/or who were under close continuing care were more likely to volunteer for such studies than those who were unfamiliar with the team or institution. Antibody responses and systemic reactions occurred more often after administration of inactivated whole-virus vaccine than after split-virus vaccine. Significant titers (greater than or equal to 1:40) of hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody to A/NJ/76 virus occurred in 95% of normal children three to 18 years of age who received two doses of the same vaccine (whole or split). However, insufficient numbers of children achieved a reasonable antibody titer (greater than or equal to 1:40) after one dose of vaccine.
Composite Films of Arabinoxylan and Fibrous Sepiolite: Morphological, Mechanical, and Barrier Properties (2012)

Hemicelluloses represent a largely unutilized resource for future bioderived films in packaging and other applications. However, improvement of film properties is needed in order to transfer this potential into reality. In this context, sepiolite, a fibrous clay, was investigated as an additive to enhance the properties of rye flour arabinoxylan. Composite films cast from arabinoxylan solutions and sepiolite suspensions in water were transparent or semitransparent at additive loadings in the 2.5-10 wt % range. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the sepiolite was well dispersed in the arabinoxylan films and sepiolite fiber aggregation was not found. FT-IR spectroscopy provided some evidence for hydrogen bonding between sepiolite and arabinoxylan. Consistent with these findings, mechanical testing showed increases in film stiffness and strength with sepiolite addition and the effect of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether (mPEG) plasticizer addition. Incorporation of sepiolite did not significantly influence the thermal degradation or the gas barrier properties of arabinoxylan films, which is likely a consequence of sepiolite fiber morphology. In summary, sepiolite was shown to have potential as an additive to obtain stronger hemicellulose films although other approaches, possibly in combination with the use of sepiolite, would be needed if enhanced film barrier properties are required for specific applications.
Route to intense single attosecond pulses (2006)

A feasibility study is presented for the generation of single attosecond pulses using harmonics produced by planar targets irradiated at high intensities. The investigation focuses on the interaction of a few-optical cycles, carrierenvelope phase controlled, near-infrared laser pulse with an overdense plasma. The results obtained using an one-dimensional particle-in-cell code indicate that at laser intensities of 10<sup>20</sup> W cm<sup>-2</sup> a single sub-fs pulse can be generated in the 20-70 eV spectral range with an efficiency of a few per cent and with 10<sup>-3</sup> to 10<sup>-4</sup> for higher photon energies. © IOP Publishing Ltd and Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft.
Potential of kaolin-based particle film barriers for Formosan subterranean termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) control. (2010)

ABSTRACT Effects of three particle film products on Formosan subterranean termites, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, were evaluated in feeding, tunneling, and contact assays. The particle films, hydrophobic M96-018 and hydrophilic Surround and Surround WP are based on the inert clay mineral kaolin. In 2-week long no-choice feeding tests, significant mortality occurred only with M96-018-coated wood. When a choice was provided, M96-018 and Surround were consumed at higher rates than untreated wood. Surround WP did not differ from controls in either test. In the tunneling assay termites were given the option of crossing a kaolin-sand mixture to reach an alternate food source. After 3-weeks, rates of 1% and 5% M96-018 provided an effec-tive barrier to Formosan termite tunneling, while termites were not stopped by rates as high as 20% Surround and Surround WP. Dust treatments of all three formulations caused significant increases in mortality within 24 h, with mortality rates ranging from 72.0 – 97.3% within 72 h of treatment. The particle films were most effective when moisture levels were low, suggesting that desiccation was the mechanism for mortality. All particle films showed potential for use in above ground applications while hydrophobic M06-018 has the most potential as a soil barrier to subterranean termites. Key words:
Singlet–Triplet and Triplet–Triplet Transitions of Asphaltene PAHs by Molecular Orbital Calculations (2013)

Two important features of the molecular structure of asphaltenes remain unresolved; the size distribution of the asphaltene polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the number of PAHs per asphaltene molecule. The relatively small molecular weight of asphaltenes restricts the PAH size; if there are several PAHs per asphaltene molecule, they must be rather small. Optical spectroscopy especially when coupled with molecular orbital (MO) calculations is an excellent probe of asphaltene PAH populations and thus asphaltene molecular architecture. Previously, singlet–singlet transitions for asphaltenes were analyzed using both experiment and MO theory. Here, we describe MO calculations performed to treat triplet–triplet transitions from the ground triplet state for 103 PAHs. Qualitative comparisons with corresponding triplet–triplet transition measurements for asphaltenes are discussed. In addition, spin-forbidden transitions between the singlet and the triplet states, corresponding to phosphorescence, are calculated and discussed in terms of the probability of intersystem crossing of PAHs in asphaltenes and crude oils. Conclusions obtained here are consistent with the corresponding study of singlet–singlet transitions and support the model of a single, relatively large PAH per asphaltene molecule as the predominant asphaltene molecular architecture: the island model. This is consistent with a most probable asphaltene PAH of seven fused aromatic rings (7FAR) with a width of four to ten fused aromatic rings (4FAR-10FAR). This molecular architecture is a central feature of the Yen–Mullins model of asphaltene nanoscience.
Time-Resolved Resonance Raman and Computational Investigation of the Influence of 4-Acetamido and 4-N-Methylacetamido Substituents on the Chemistry of Phenylnitrene (2011)

A time-resolved resonance Raman (TR(3)) and computational investigation of the photochemistry of 4-acetamidophenyl azide and 4-N-methylacetamidophenyl azide in acetonitrile is presented. Photolysis of 4-acetamidophenyl azide appears to initially produce singlet 4-acetamidophenylnitrene which undergoes fast intersystem crossing (ISC) to form triplet 4-acetamidophenylnitrene. The latter species formally produces 4,4'-bisacetamidoazobenzene. RI-CC2/TZVP and TD-B3LYP/TZVP calculations predict the formation of the singlet nitrene from the photogenerated S(1) surface of the azide excited state. The triplet 4-acetamidophenylnitrene and 4,4'-bisacetamidoazobenzene species are both clearly observed on the nanosecond to microsecond time-scale in TR(3) experiments. In contrast, only one species can be observed in analogous TR(3) experiments after photolysis of 4-N-methylacetamidophenyl azide in acetonitrile, and this species is tentatively assigned to the compound resulting from dimerization of a 1,2-didehydroazepine. The different photochemical reaction outcomes for the photolysis of 4-acetamidophenyl azide and 4-N-methylacetamidophenyl azide molecules indicate that the 4-acetamido group has a substantial influence on the ISC rate of the corresponding substituted singlet phenylnitrene, but the 4-N-methylacetamido group does not. CASSCF analyses predict that both singlet nitrenes have open-shell electronic configurations and concluded that the dissimilarity in the photochemistry is probably due to differential geometrical distortions between the states. We briefly discuss the probable implications of this intriguing substitution effect on the photochemistry of phenyl azides and the chemistry of the related nitrenes.
Effects of back-reflection in WDM-PONs based on injected seed light (2007)

We investigate effects of back-reflection in wavelength division multiplexing passive optical networks having an injected seed light. We also estimate the maximum achievable fiber loss as a function of the linewidth of the seed light.
Do anabolic nutritional supplements stimulate human growth hormone secretion in elderly women with heart failure? (2017)

Growth hormone treatment has gained attention over the past decade as a treatment for heart failure. Human growth hormone (HGH) must be administered by injections (usually daily), so there is considerable advantage to stimulation of endogenous secretion by amino acid-based nutritional supplementation. However, studies investigating the effect of amino acid (AA) supplementation show conflicting results. Therefore, in this study we aimed to investigate the effect of nutritional supplementation on HGH production in elderly women with heart failure. Eight elderly women with heart failure participated in this randomized cross-over study. Plasma HGH concentration was measured before and for 4 h following ingestion of a mixture of protein, carbohydrate, and fat or an AA beverage. HGH concentration was determined with ELISA kits and AA concentrations were analyzed by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LCMS). Linear mixed models was performed to analyze the effect of time, treatment, and interaction. Plasma arginine and lysine concentrations were significantly higher after consumption of the AA drink compared to the mixture of protein, carbohydrate, and fat. Nonetheless, only ingestion of the protein, carbohydrate, and fat mixture (meal replacement) increased HGH concentration. HGH concentration was increased in elderly women with heart failure following consumption of a meal replacement containing protein, carbohydrate, and fat. Consumption of a mixture of amino acids failed to increase HGH concentration despite significantly greater elevations in plasma amino acid concentrations, including arginine and lysine. The stimulatory effect of the protein/carbohydrate/fat mixture was presumably mediated by factors other than increases in free amino acid concentrations.
Tolerability and Efficacy of N-Chlorotaurine in Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis—a Double-Blind, Randomized, Phase-2 Clinical Trial (2005)

The aim of this study was to assess the tolerability and efficacy of N-chlorotaurine (NCT), an endogenous antimicrobial agent, in epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. In a prospective double-blind, randomized phase 2b study, the infected eyes were treated for 7 days with eye drops containing 1% aqueous solution of N-chlorotaurine (33 subjects) or gentamicin (27 subjects, control group). Adenovirus types 3, 4, 8, 19, and 37 were detected in 39 subjects (65%), enteroviruses in 8 (13.3%), and staphylococci in 5 (8.3%). Subjective and objective symptoms were scaled and added to a subjective and objective score, respectively, on day 1 (baseline), day 4, and day 8. Analyzing the whole study population, the subjective score on day 8 was lower in the NCT group (P = 0.016), whereas there were no differences in the objective score. However, in severe infections caused by adenovirus type 8 (n = 20) both the subjective and objective score were lower in the NCT group on day 4 (P = 0.003 and 0.015, respectively), which was also true for the subjective score on day 8 (P = 0.004) in this subgroup. The frequency of subepithelial infiltrates was similar in both groups. N-chlorotaurine was well-tolerated, shortened the duration of illness, and seems to be a useful causative therapeutic approach in severe epidemic keratoconjunctivitis.
Label-Free Optical Metabolic Imaging in Cells and Tissues (2023)

Over the last half century, the autofluorescence of the metabolic cofactors NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) and FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide) has been quantified in a variety of cell types and disease states. With the spread of nonlinear optical microscopy techniques in biomedical research, NADH and FAD imaging has offered an attractive solution to noninvasively monitor cell and tissue status and elucidate dynamic changes in cell or tissue metabolism. Various tools and methods to measure the temporal, spectral, and spatial properties of NADH and FAD autofluorescence have been developed. Specifically, an optical redox ratio of cofactor fluorescence intensities and NADH fluorescence lifetime parameters have been used in numerous applications, but significant work remains to mature this technology for understanding dynamic changes in metabolism. This article describes the current understanding of our optical sensitivity to different metabolic pathways and highlights current challenges in the field. Recent progress in addressing these challenges and acquiring more quantitative information in faster and more metabolically relevant formats is also discussed.