gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
68Ga-Bivalent Polypegylated Styrylpyridine Conjugates for Imaging Aβ Plaques in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (2016)

Aβ plaques deposited on blood vessels are associated with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). In an effort to selectively map these Aβ plaques, we are reporting a new series of (68)Ga labeled styrylpyridine derivatives with high molecular weights. In vitro binding to Aβ plaques in post-mortem Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain tissue showed that these (68)Ga labeled bivalent styrylpyridines displayed good affinities and specificity (Ki < 30 nM). In vitro autoradiography using post-mortem AD brain sections showed specific binding of these (68)Ga complexes to Aβ plaques. Biodistribution studies in normal mice showed very low initial brain uptakes (<0.3% dose/g) indicating a low blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration. The preliminary results suggest that (68)Ga labeled bivalent styrylpyridines may be promising candidates as PET imaging radiotracers for detecting CAA.
Improving lesion detectability in low uptake 18 F-FDG breast cancer by optimizing PET imaging time (2014)

There have been anecdotal reports that delayed FDG-PET oncology imaging can improve the SNR for known lesions. Our goal was to evaluate if it is possible to optimize lesion detectability by adjusting the duration between FDG injection and image acquisition. Methods: We combined three components: a kinetic model of 18FFDG radiotracer uptake, a forward model of PET data acquisition, and observer models to estimate lesion detectability. Model parameters and arterial input functions were estimated from dynamic PET studies of patients with early-stage breast cancer. These were used to generate time-activity curves (TACs). For each TAC, realistic PET sinograms were simulated, and images were reconstructed using OSEM. There were 600 i.i.d. realizations for each case. Both nonprewhitening matched filter (NPWMF) and channelized Hoteling observer (CHO) statistics were used to generate receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, which were summarized using the area under the curve (AUC). Results: The AUC increased for several hours past the current standard post-injection imaging window of one hour. This improvement is driven by the continued accumulation of FDG in the tumor before the impact of increased noise due to radiotracer decay begins to dominate. Conclusion: These results imply that delayed PET imaging may reveal low-conspicuity lesions in patients that would have otherwise gone undetected. However, further validation of this approach is needed.
Ultraviolet induction of antifungal activity in plants (2012)

Ultraviolet-C irradiation as a method to induce the production of plant compounds with antifungal properties was investigated in the leaves of 18 plant species. A susceptibility assay to determine the antifungal susceptibility of filamentous fungi was developed based on an agar dilution series in microtiter plates. UV irradiation strongly induced antifungal properties in five species against a clinical Fusarium solani strain that was responsible for an onychomycosis case that was resistant to classic pharmacological treatment. The antifungal properties of three additional plant species were either unaffected or reduced by UV-C irradiation. This study demonstrates that UV-C irradiation is an effective means of modulating the antifungal activity of very diverse plants from a screening perspective.
Identification and classification of p53-regulated genes (1999)

Sequence-specific transactivation by p53 is essential to its role as a tumor suppressor. A modified tetracycline-inducible system was established to search for transcripts that were activated soon after p53 induction. Among 9,954 unique transcripts identified by serial analysis of gene expression, 34 were increased more than 10-fold; 31 of these had not previously been known to be regulated by p53. The transcription patterns of these genes, as well as previously described p53-regulated genes, were evaluated and classified in a panel of widely studied colorectal cancer cell lines. "Class I" genes were uniformly induced by p53 in all cell lines; "class II" genes were induced in a subset of the lines; and "class III" genes were not induced in any of the lines. These genes were also distinguished by the timing of their induction, their induction by clinically relevant chemotherapeutic agents, the absolute requirement for p53 in this induction, and their inducibility by p73, a p53 homolog. The results revealed substantial heterogeneity in the transcriptional responses to p53, even in cells derived from a single epithelial cell type, and pave the way to a deeper understanding of p53 tumor suppressor action.
Daratumumab plus CyBorD for patients with newly diagnosed AL amyloidosis: safety run-in results of ANDROMEDA (2020)

Although no therapies are approved for light chain (AL) amyloidosis, cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (CyBorD) is considered standard of care. Based on outcomes of daratumumab in multiple myeloma (MM), the phase 3 ANDROMEDA study (NCT03201965) is evaluating daratumumab-CyBorD vs CyBorD in newly diagnosed AL amyloidosis. We report results of the 28-patient safety run-in. Patients received subcutaneous daratumumab (DARA SC) weekly in cycles 1 to 2, every 2 weeks in cycles 3 to 6, and every 4 weeks thereafter for up to 2 years. CyBorD was given weekly for 6 cycles. Patients had a median of 2 involved organs (kidney, 68%; cardiac, 61%). Patients received a median of 16 (range, 1-23) treatment cycles. Treatment-emergent adverse events were consistent with DARA SC in MM and CyBorD. Infusion-related reactions occurred in 1 patient (grade 1). No grade 5 treatment-emergent adverse events occurred; 5 patients died, including 3 after transplant. Overall hematologic response rate was 96%, with a complete hematologic response in 15 (54%) patients; at least partial response occurred in 20, 22, and 17 patients at 1, 3, and 6 months, respectively. Renal response occurred in 6 of 16, 7 of 15, and 10 of 15 patients, and cardiac response occurred in 6 of 16, 6 of 13, and 8 of 13 patients at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. Hepatic response occurred in 2 of 3 patients at 12 months. Daratumumab-CyBorD was well tolerated, with no new safety concerns versus the intravenous formulation, and demonstrated robust hematologic and organ responses. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT03201965.
Recombinant proteins of HPV16 capsid expressed in 293-F cells cultured in suspension and serum free medium for vaccine development (2016)

Os Autores foram convidados pelo Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos para apresentação de trabalho no “Seminário Anual Científico e Tecnológico de Bio-Manguinhos”.
Towards pure carbon: ultra-high carbon fullerene based spin-on organic hardmasks (2019)

Irresistible Materials has previously introduced the HM340 and HM940 series of fullerene based spin-on carbon hardmasks, and reported on material characterization, including very high carbon content and high thermal stability. The materials have a low Ohnishi number providing high etch durability and the low hydrogen level allows for high-resolution etching without wiggling. In order to further increase thermal stability and etch resistance several new formulations are under development, including fullerene only hardmask materials. Here we present the latest results for our more conventional HM940 series, avoiding the drain test issues encountered with higher concentration HM340 formulations, together with new and updated characterisation results for the more advanced formulations.
Networked Lighting Power and Control Platform for Solid State Lighting in Commercial Office Applications (2012)

Redwood Systems' objective is to further accelerate the acceptance of solid state lighting (SSL) with fine grain and easy-to-use control. In addition, increased and improved sensor capability allows the building owner or user to gather data on the environment within the building. All of this at a cost equal to or less than that of code-compliant fluorescent lighting. The grant we requested and received has been used to further enhance the system with power conversion efficiency improvements and additional features. Some of these features, such as building management system (BMS) control, allow additional energy savings in non-lighting building systems.
A novel biomarker TERTmRNA is applicable for early detection of hepatoma (2010)

hTERTmRNA is superior to conventional tumor markers in the diagnosis and recurrence of HCC at an early stage.
Arylonium Photoacid Generators Containing Environmentally Compatible Aryloxyperfluoroalkanesulfonate Groups (2007)

Photoacid generators (PAGs) producing environmentally benign 2-phenoxytetrafluoroethanesulfonate fluoroorganic sulfonic acids were synthesized. Synthesis and characterization of the new PAGs composed of 2-phenoxytetrafluoroethanesulfonate with diphenyliodonium or triphenylsulfonium units are described. Characteristics of the onium PAGs were evaluated and compared with perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS)-based onium PAGs. The newly synthesized compounds efficiently produced sulfonic acid photochemically upon exposure to selected radiation (254 nm, e-beam, and 13.4 nm wavelengths). The sulfonic acid generated from the new PAGs contains far fewer perfluorinated carbon atoms than those found in widely used perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) PAGs and successfully catalyzed deprotection of the acid-labile tert-butoxycarbonyl, methyladamantyl ester, and tert-butyl ester groups present in model positive tone chemically amplified resists (CARs). Their influence on the lithographic performance of chemically amplified resists was investigated using e-beam and extreme ultraviolet (EUV or 13.4 nm) radiation. For the first time, the capability of PFOS-free PAGs for EUV lithographic application in a CAR was demonstrated by comparing resist sensitivity, resolution, and line-edge roughness (LER) with resist formulations containing PFBS-based diphenyliodonium and triphenylsulfonium PAGs. These new PAGs are attractive for lithographic applications as alternatives to the widely used PFOS PAGs because environmental and performance issues require the availability of strong acid PFOS-free photoacid generators.
Nanocrystalline Magnetite: Synthetic Crystallite Size Control and Resulting Magnetic and Electrochemical Properties (2010)

A synthetic strategy for magnetite crystallite size control is reported, along with the detailed characterization and electrochemical measurements of samples of varying crystallite sizes. Nanocrystalline is prepared by coprecipitation induced by triethylamine from aqueous iron(II) and iron(III) chloride solutions of varying concentrations. Variation of the iron(II) and iron(III) concentrations results in crystallite size control of the products. Materials characterization of the samples is reported, including X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, particle size, and saturation magnetization results. A strong correlation between discharge capacity and voltage recovery behavior vs magnetite crystallite size was observed when tested as an electrode material in lithium electrochemical cells.
A treatment to allow contacting CdTe with different conductors [solar cells] (2002)

A new method is presented for forming low resistance contacts to the CdTe surface of CdTe/CdS thin-film solar cells. After CdCl/sub 2/ processing, the CdTe surface is coated with a thin layer of copper which is heated and then reacted. The heat treatment diffuses Cu into CdTe, doping it p-type while the reaction removes elemental Cu and produces a conductive surface which is easily contacted using different materials. This process allows great flexibility in selection of a back contact material. High efficiency devices having fill factors up to 77% were fabricated. The process is applicable to CdTe/CdS devices having CdTe deposited by different techniques and is compatible with module fabrication technologies.
Molecular probes for nonlinear optical imaging of biological membranes (2001)

Second-harmonic generation (SHG) and two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) are nonlinear optical (NLO) phenomena that scale with excitation intensity squared, and hence give rise to an intrinsic 3-dimensional resolution when used in microscopic imaging. TPEF microscopy has gained widespread popularity in the biology community whereas SHG microscopy promises to be a powerful tool because of its sensitivity to local asymmetry. We have implemented an approach toward the design of NLO-probes specifically adapted for SHG and/or TPEF imaging of biological membranes. Our strategy is based on the design of nanoscale amphiphilic NLO-phores. We have prepared symmetrical bolaamphiphilic fluorophores combining very high two-photon absorption (TPA) cross-sections in the visible red region and affinity for cellular membranes. Their incorporation and orientation in lipid membranes can be monitored via TPEF anisotropy. We have also prepared amphiphilic push-pull chromophores exhibiting both large TPA cross-sections and very large first hyperpolarizabilities in the near-IR region. These NLO-probes have proved to be particularly useful for imaging of biological membranes by simultaneous SHG and TPEF microscopy and offer attractive prospects for real-time imaging of fundamental biological processes such as adhesion, fusion or reporting of membrane potentials.
An Inter-Iteration Parallel Algorithm for PET Image Reconstruction (2001)

Image reconstruction using positron emission tomography (PET) involves estimating an unknown number of photon pairs emitted from the radiopharmaceuticals within the tissues of the patient's body. The generation of the photons can be described as a Poisson process and the difficulty of image reconstruction involves approximating the parameter of the tissue density distribution function. Using the Maximum Likelihood (ML) formulation, a better estimate can be made for the unknown image information. Expectation Maximization (EM) is an iterative method which adopts the ML approach, and is the most suitable for PET image reconstruction especially when compared to analytic methods like the filtered back-projection method (FBP). Despite the prognostication of its promises of better medical diagnoses, EM reconstruction has not been widely used in clinical environments because of its long image reconstruction time and large memory requirement. A parallelization scheme of the iterative method has been suggested to make the reconstruction feasible in applied settings. This research builds upon experimentation that demonstrated promising results in speeding up the algorithm in and between iterations using distributed-memory machines.
Discrete dislocation simulations of precipitation hardening in superalloys (2004)

Abstract The low-temperature yield stress of a nickel-based superalloy, containing up to 40% Ni3A1 precipitates (γ′), is calculated by discrete dislocation simulations. A pair of screw or 60°(a/2) ⟨110⟩ dislocation glides under external stress across a {111} plane of γ phase, intersected by a random distribution of either spherical or cubic γ′ precipitates. The stress is raised until the dislocations can cut or bow round all the obstacles. In this paper the emphasis is on the cutting regime which is prevalent when the precipitates are small and/or have low antiphase-boundary (APB) energies. From a large number of simulations in the cutting regime, the effects of size, shape, volume fraction and APB energy are found to be as follows: The yield stress is proportional to the square root of the volume fraction of γ′. The yield stress depends weakly on the precipitate size in the size range 20–400 nm, for APB energies of 150, 250 and 320 mJ m−2. The yield stress depends linearly on the APB energy for APB energies up to 320 mJ m−2 in the size range 50–200 nm. At a precipitate size of 100 nm, cubes are weaker obstacles than equivalent spheres by about 25% for an APB energy of 320 mJ m−2; however, the shape effect on strengthening decreases with decreasing APB energy and decreasing precipitate size. When a coherency stress (from a lattice parameter mismatch of 0.3%) is added, the yield stress increases by about 10%. When solid-solution strenthening is added, it is potent when the solute is in the γ matrix, but much less potent when the solute is in γ′. When the γ′ precipitates are larger than 400 nm across and the APB energy greater than 250 mJ m−2, significant Orowan looping occurs. The yield stress drops inversely as the precipitate size and becomes insensitive to the APB energy but sensitive to the shear modulus. Many of these results from the full simulations differ from the analytical models of strengthening in superalloys but they can be rationalized from the results of simulations on simple homogenized precipitate structures. Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. S.I. Rao, T.A. Parthasarathy and P.M. Hazzledine acknowledge support from Air Force contract F33615-01-C-5214 with UES Inc.
Experimental and theoretical characterization of ordered MAX phases Mo2TiAlC2 and Mo2Ti2AlC3 (2015)

Herein, we report on the phase stabilities and crystal structures of two newly discovered ordered, quaternary MAX phases—Mo2TiAlC2 and Mo2Ti2AlC3—synthesized by mixing and heating different elemental powder mixtures of mMo:(3-m)Ti:1.1Al:2C with 1.5 ≤ m ≤ 2.2 and 2Mo: 2Ti:1.1Al:2.7C to 1600 °C for 4 h under Ar flow. In general, for m ≥ 2 an ordered 312 phase, (Mo2Ti)AlC2, was the majority phase; for m &amp;lt; 2, an ordered 413 phase (Mo2Ti2)AlC3, was the major product. The actual chemistries determined from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) are Mo2TiAlC1.7 and Mo2Ti1.9Al0.9C2.5, respectively. High resolution scanning transmission microscopy, XPS and Rietveld analysis of powder X-ray diffraction confirmed the general ordered stacking sequence to be Mo-Ti-Mo-Al-Mo-Ti-Mo for Mo2TiAlC2 and Mo-Ti-Ti-Mo-Al-Mo-Ti-Ti-Mo for Mo2Ti2AlC3, with the carbon atoms occupying the octahedral sites between the transition metal layers. Consistent with the experimental results, the theoretical calculations clearly show that M layer ordering is mostly driven by the high penalty paid in energy by having the Mo atoms surrounded by C in a face-centered configuration, i.e., in the center of the Mn+1Xn blocks. At 331 GPa and 367 GPa, respectively, the Young's moduli of the ordered Mo2TiAlC2 and Mo2Ti2AlC3 are predicted to be higher than those calculated for their ternary end members. Like most other MAX phases, because of the high density of states at the Fermi level, the resistivity measurement over 300 to 10 K for both phases showed metallic behavior.
Phase Changes in Ge Nanoparticles (2005)

Butyl-capped crystalline germanium (Ge) nanoparticles were synthesized at room temperature in dimethoxyethane by reduction of GeCl4 with Na(naphthalide) and subsequent reaction with butyl Grignard. The nanoparticles were isolated in hexane and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), elemental analysis, and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The product from this room-temperature reaction was heated under vacuum at temperatures of 200−600 °C at 50 °C intervals. The product obtained from the 300 °C treatment was soluble in hexane, while the products from temperatures greater than 300 °C were not. SAED was consistent with crystalline Ge from the initial synthesis at room temperature and amorphous Ge for the product heated under vacuum to 300 °C. X-ray powder diffraction of the 300 °C product shows the transition from amorphous to crystalline nanoparticles occurring between 550 and 600 °C. TEM shows that the nanoparticles remain dispersed and nonaggregated up to 600 °C. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) shows a crystallization exotherm at 561 °C and a melting endotherm at 925 °C for nanoparticles with average diameter of 8 nm.
Spectral and Temperature Dependence of Nonlinear Absorption in InSb (2009)

Temperature dependent two-photon and free-carrier absorption spectra of InSb are measured using a tunable picosecond source via temperature controlled Z-scan experiments and show good agreement with theoretical predictions. Three-photon absorption is also observed. © 2009 Optical Society of America.
A Novel Conjugable Translocator Protein Ligand Labeled with a Fluorescence Dye for in Vitro Imaging (2007)

A conjugable analogue of the benzodiazepine 4' '-chlorodiazepam (Ro5-4864), C6Ro5-4864 was synthesized to probe the binding sites of translocator protein (18 kDa; TSPO), previously known as the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor for molecular imaging. The amino group in this analogue allows universal conjugation to signaling molecules. Lissamine-C6Ro5-4864, synthesized from C6Ro5-4864 and a lissamine fluorescence dye, was investigated in this study. This imaging agent exhibited micromolar binding affinity (Ki = 2.6 microM) to TSPO and was successfully imaged in TSPO rich glioma and breast cancer cell lines. These findings suggest that C6Ro5-4864 may provide opportunities in imaging disease states where TSPO levels are affected, such as cancer and neurologic diseases.
A stereoselective total synthesis of the Prelog-Djerassi lactone (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA stereoselective total synthesis of the Prelog-Djerassi lactonePaul A. Bartlett and Jerry L. AdamsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 1, 337–342Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00521a054https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00521a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views508Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Zero-bias photocurrent in ferromagnetic topological insulator (2016)

Magnetic interactions in topological insulators cause essential modifications in the originally mass-less surface states. They offer a mass gap at the Dirac point and/or largely deform the energy dispersion, providing a new path towards exotic physics and applications to realize dissipation-less electronics. The nonequilibrium electron dynamics at these modified Dirac states unveil additional functions, such as highly efficient photon to spin-current conversion. Here we demonstrate the generation of large zero-bias photocurrent in magnetic topological insulator thin films on mid-infrared photoexcitation, pointing to the controllable band asymmetry in the momentum space. The photocurrent spectra with a maximal response to the intra-Dirac-band excitations can be a sensitive measure for the correlation between Dirac electrons and magnetic moments.