gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Halide-CVD Growth of Bulk SiC Crystals (2006)

A novel approach to the high growth rate Chemical Vapor Deposition of SiC is described. The Halide Chemical Vapor Deposition (HCVD) method uses SiCl4, C3H8 (or CH4), and hydrogen as reactants. The use of halogenated Si source and of separate injection of Si and C precursors allows for preheating of source gases without causing premature chemical reactions. The stoichiometry of HCVD crystals can be controlled by changing the C/Si flow ratio and can be kept constant throughout growth, in contrast to the Physical Vapor Transport technique. HCVD was demonstrated to deposit high crystalline quality, very high purity 4H- and 6H-SiC crystals with growth rates comparable to other bulk SiC growth techniques. The densities of deep electron and hole traps are determined by growth temperature and C/Si ratio and can be as low as that found in standard silane-based CVD epitaxy. At high C/Si flow ratio, the resistivity of HCVD crystals exceeds 105 _cm. These characteristics make HCVD an attractive method to grow SiC for applications in high-frequency and/or high voltage devices.
Supplementary Data from Treatment of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia with a Hypomethylating Agent Induces Expression of NXF2, an Immunogenic Cancer Testis Antigen (2023)

Supplementary Data from Treatment of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia with a Hypomethylating Agent Induces Expression of NXF2, an Immunogenic Cancer Testis Antigen
Partial volume effects on vascular T2 measurements (1998)

Quantitative, vascular T2 measurements are of interest for applications such as MR oximetry. In the situation of a vessel with long T2 relaxation times embedded in tissue with relatively short T2 values, contamination of the blood signal from the surrounding tissue can bias T2 measurements. Limited data sampling and vessels running obliquely through the imaging slice can cause significant signal contamination. Using a model of these effects to predict the behavior of T2 measurements under a range of conditions, a set of parameters that provides the best combination of measurement accuracy with a signal-to-noise ratio as high as possible is proposed.
In-depth Analysis of Front Surface Passivation Properties for N-type IBC Silicon Solar Cells Using Advanced Simulation (2011)

Excellent front surface passivation is one of the key issues for interdigitated back contact (IBC) silicon solar cells. To create a better understanding of passivation properties and find the most important issues when developing passivation schemes for various injection conditions, an advanced simulation model is needed. The software package Sentaurus TCAD is applied in this work. The main input parameters of the model are the interface state density, the amount of fixed charges, the capture cross sections and the activation energies which have been determined experimentally as reported previously. As an example, simulation results of the advanced model of the recombination at the Si-SiNx interface were presented and compared to the measured data.
Crystalline IGZO ceramics (crystalline oxide semiconductor)–based devices for artificial intelligence (2019)

Abstract In 2009, a crystalline oxide semiconductor with a layered structure, which we refer to as c ‐axis–aligned crystalline indium‐gallium‐zinc oxide ( CAAC ‐ IGZO ), was first discovered. CAAC ‐ IGZO has a peculiar crystal structure in which clear grain boundaries are not observed despite high c ‐axis alignment and absence of a ‐ b plane alignment. When compared to a Si field‐effect transistor ( FET ), a metal‐oxide‐semiconductor ( MOS ) FET , utilizing CAAC ‐ IGZO , presents lower off‐state current (on the order of yA [10 −24 A]). These unique characteristics allow CAAC ‐ IGZO to realize devices with low power consumption. With the emerging era of artificial intelligence, wherein power saving becomes more significant, CAAC ‐ IGZO has attracted attention as a potential replacement for Si. This paper describes the characteristics and potentials of CAAC ‐ IGZO for the development of memory devices with unprecedented functions.
Controllability of pushing (2002)

This paper addresses the question "Can the object be pushed from here to there?" The authors characterize the set of objects that are controllable (can be positioned arbitrarily), with and without obstacles, for the cases of point and line pushing contact. For the case of line contact, the authors find a set of pushing directions that keep the object fixed to the pusher and they use these pushing directions to find sensorless plans to reposition the object among obstacles.
Motion Control ofIndustrial Robot UsingNewNotchFiltering System forVibration Suppression andLittle PhaseError (2007)

Thispaperproposes a newgeneration methodof position reference without theresonant frequency andphase errorforindustrial robots. Itisimportant forindustrial robots todrive highspeedandhighaccuracy. However, thevibration phenomenon isgenerated bytheresonant frequency insuch cases. Conventionally, thenotchfilter isusedtosuppress the vibration phenomenon. Itisabletoeliminate a particular frequency. However, italsohasadisadvantage thatthereference phaseerrorisgenerated. Generating thephaseerrorinthe reference causes thecritical errorinthelocus whichtherobot draws.Therefore, theaccuracy oftherobotisdeteriorated by usingthenotchfilter. Theproposed methodovercomesthis problem byusing thecompensation gain. Thecompensation gain isusedtocalculate thereference phaseerror. Thecompensation ofthereference phase errorisperformed bythefeedforward. The numerical andtheexperimental results showthattheproposed methodissuperior tosuppress theresonant frequency and improves thephaseerror.
A “twisted” microfluidic mixer suitable for a wide range of flow rate applications (2016)

This paper proposes a new "twisted" 3D microfluidic mixer fabricated by a laser writing/microfabrication technique. Effective and efficient mixing using the twisted micromixers can be obtained by combining two general chaotic mixing mechanisms: splitting/recombining and chaotic advection. The lamination of mixer units provides the splitting and recombination mechanism when the quadrant of circles is arranged in a two-layered serial arrangement of mixing units. The overall 3D path of the microchannel introduces the advection. An experimental investigation using chemical solutions revealed that these novel 3D passive microfluidic mixers were stable and could be operated at a wide range of flow rates. This micromixer finds application in the manipulation of tiny volumes of liquids that are crucial in diagnostics. The mixing performance was evaluated by dye visualization, and using a pH test that determined the chemical reaction of the solutions. A comparison of the tornado-mixer with this twisted micromixer was made to evaluate the efficiency of mixing. The efficiency of mixing was calculated within the channel by acquiring intensities using ImageJ software. Results suggested that efficient mixing can be obtained when more than 3 units were consecutively placed. The geometry of the device, which has a length of 30 mm, enables the device to be integrated with micro total analysis systems and other lab-on-chip devices.
How to estimate the Green’s function of a heterogeneous medium between two passive sensors? Application to acoustic waves (2003)

The exact Green’s function of a heterogeneous medium can be retrieved from the crosscorrelation of the fields received by two passive sensors. We propose a physical interpretation based on time-reversal symmetry. We address the issue of causality and show the role of multiple scattering for the reconstruction of the Green’s function. Ultrasonic experimental results are presented to illustrate the argument. Applications to geophysics and ocean acoustics are discussed.
Non-negative Matrix Factorization under sparsity constraints to unmix in vivo spectrally resolved acquisitions (2010)

Fluorescence imaging in diffusive media is an emerging imaging modality for medical applications which uses injected fluorescent markers (several ones may be simultaneously injected) that bind to specific targets, as tumors. The region of interest is illuminated with near infrared light and the emitted back fluorescence is analyzed to localize the fluorescence sources. To investigate thick medium, as the fluorescence signal decreases with the light travel distance, any disturbing signal, such as biological tissues intrinsic fluorescence - called autofluorescence -, is a limiting factor. To remove autofluorescence and isolate each specific fluorescent signal from the others, a spectroscopic approach, based on Non-negative Matrix Factorization, is explored. We ran an NMF algorithm with sparsity constraints on experimental data, and successfully obtained separated in vivo fluorescence spectra.
A Game Theoretic Approach to Multi-User Spectrum Allocation (2009)

We consider the interaction of several transmit-receive pairs coexisting in the same area and communicating using the same portion of the spectrum. Using a game theoretic framework, each pair is regarded as a player whose payoff function is the individual link rate and power is allocated using the iterative water-filling algorithm. We find properties of the resulting Nash equilibria and derive conditions for when various operating points are achievable. The analysis presented herein extends previous work by characterizing the set of stable solutions for a multi-user system. Also, we show how the game can be modified to obtain better operating points in terms of sum rate compared to the iterative water-filling algorithm. The increase in performance corresponding to one such modification is evaluated and compared to the iterative water-filling algorithm by numerical simulations.
Preparation and Characterization of Cobalt(III) Complexes of Glycine Esters (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and Characterization of Cobalt(III) Complexes of Glycine EstersM. Dale Alexander and Daryle H. BuschCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1966, 5, 4, 602–606Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50038a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50038a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views325Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Blue Matter: Scaling of N-body simulations to one atom per node (2008)

N-body simulations present some of the most interesting challenges in the area of massively parallel computing, especially when the object is to improve the time to solution for a fixed-size problem. The Blue Matter molecular simulation framework was developed specifically to address these challenges, to explore programming models for massively parallel machine architectures in a concrete context, and to support the scientific goals of the IBM Blue Gene® Project. This paper reviews the key issues involved in achieving ultrastrong scaling of methodologically correct biomolecular simulations, particularly the treatment of the long-range electrostatic forces present in simulations of proteins in water and membranes. Blue Matter computes these forces using the particle-particle particle-mesh Ewald (P3ME) method, which breaks the problem up into two pieces, one that requires the use of three-dimensional fast Fourier transforms with global data dependencies and another that involves computing interactions between pairs of particles within a cutoff distance. We summarize our exploration of the parallel decompositions used to compute these finite-ranged interactions, describe some of the implementation details involved in these decompositions, and present the evolution of strong-scaling performance achieved over the course of this exploration, along with evidence for the quality of simulation achieved.
Differential effects of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13) on tumoricidal and chemotactic properties of human monocytes induced by monocyte chemotactic and activating factor (1995)

The effect of recombinant human IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 on the chemotaxis and antitumor activity of human blood monocytes induced by monocyte chemotactic and activating factor (MCAF) was examined. MCAF alone did not induce monocyte-mediated cytotoxicity against human melanoma (A375-M) cells whereas it significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity by norMDP-stimulated monocytes. MCAF, unlike IFN-gamma, had no priming effect on monocyte activation by norMDP. MCAF acted with norMDP or LPS to enhance the production of both IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha. Enhanced cytotoxicity of monocytes stimulated with MCAF plus norMDP was reduced by IL-1 receptor antagonist and anti-TNF-alpha antibody. IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 suppressed the generation of antitumor activity and cytokine production (IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha) of monocytes stimulated with MCAF plus norMDP or LPS. Chemotaxis of monocytes induced by MCAF was not affected by norMDP or any of the anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13). Moreover, the pretreatment of monocytes with anti-inflammatory cytokines did not suppress monocyte-chemotaxis. These findings suggest that in vivo recruitment and anti-tumor expression of blood monocytes induced by MCAF may be differently regulated by anti-inflammatory cytokines in vivo.
Authenticating a printed circuit board (2023)

A computing module is described herein, wherein the computing module is configured to perform acts including generating a digital signature for a printed circuit board (PCB), wherein the digital signature is based upon a sensor signal generated by a sensor that is electrically coupled to at least one of a trace of the PCB or an electrical component of the PCB. The acts further include determining that the PCB is authentic and is free of tampering based upon the digital signature. The acts additionally include outputting an indication that the PCB is authentic and is free of tampering responsive to determining that the PCB is authentic and is free of tampering.
Nonpeptide αvβ3 Antagonists. 1. Transformation of a Potent, Integrin-Selective αIIbβ3 Antagonist into a Potent αvβ3 Antagonist (2000)

Modification of the potent fibrinogen receptor (alpha(IIb)beta(3)) antagonist 1 generated compounds with high affinity for the vitronectin receptor alpha(v)beta(3). Sequential modification of the basic N-terminus of 1 led to the identification of the 5,6,7, 8-tetrahydro[1,8]naphthyridine moiety (THN) as a lipophilic, moderately basic N-terminus that provides molecules with excellent potency and selectivity for the integrin receptor alpha(v)beta(3). The THN-containing analogue 5 is a potent inhibitor of bone resorption in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the identification of a novel, nonpeptide radioligand with high affinity to alpha(v)beta(3) is also reported.
Higher Levels of Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma Neurofilament Light in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Distal Sensory Polyneuropathy (2022)

Both plasma and CSF NFL were elevated in PWH and PWoH with DSP. The convergence of our findings with others demonstrates that NFL is a reliable biomarker reflecting peripheral nerve injury. Biomarkers such as NFL might provide, validate, and optimize clinical trials of neuroregenerative strategies in HIV DSP.
Uncertainty and Possible Subclinical Valve Leaflet Thrombosis (2015)

Transcatheter aortic-valve replacement (TAVR) has had a profound effect on the management of structural heart disease, as evidenced by the fact that since 2010 the Journal has featured six reports on pivotal registries or randomized TAVR trials.16 The effect can also be assessed by the incredible growth in the number of procedures. The Transcatheter Valve Therapy Registry, launched by the Society of Thoracic Surgeons and the American College of Cardiology, has enrolled approximately 35,000 patients who have been treated with commercially approved devices at 376 centers in 49 states in the United States alone. The rapid growth of this . . .
Single-beat estimation of the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure–volume relationship in patients with heart failure (2009)

Single-beat EDPVRs obtained from hearts spanning a wide range of sizes and conditions accurately predicted directly measured EDPVRs with low RMSE. Single-beat EDPVR indices correlated well with directly measured values, but systematic biases were present at low and high pressures. The single-beat method facilitates less invasive EDPVR estimation, particularly when coupled with emerging non-invasive techniques to measure pressures and volumes.
<title>Performance of the multilayer-coated mirrors for the MultiSpectral Solar Telescope Array</title> (1994)

The Multi-Spectral Solar Telescope Array, a rocket-borne solar observatory, was successfully flown in May, 1991, obtaining solar images in eight XUV and FUV bands with 12 compact multilayer telescopes. We report on recent measurements of the performance of multilayer coated mirrors for the Multi Spectral Solar Telescope Array, carried out at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory.
Stress-Induced Lift-Off Method for kerf-loss-free wafering of ultra-thin (&#x223C;50 &#x03BC;m) crystalline Si wafers (2008)

We present a new wafering method for the production of ultra-thin crystalline silicon. This new lift-off process, named SLIM-cut (for Stress-induced LIft-off Method), requires only the use of a screen-printer and a belt furnace; no ion-implanted, porous layer or additional thickening by epitaxy is needed to obtain high quality wafers in the thickness range of 50 μm without kerf loss. We deposit on a thick substrate a layer with mismatched coefficient of thermal expansion with respect to the substrate (for instance a metal layer). Upon cooling, the differential contraction induces a large stress field, which is released by the initiation and the propagation of a crack parallel to the surface. The concept has already been demonstrated successfully on both single and multi-crystalline silicon. Very clean self-standing crystalline films with an area of 25 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> have been obtained from a high quality wafer. Some Si layers were further processed into solar cells. The first unoptimized solar cell device with a very simple process (no back-surface field, no intentional texturing, heterojunction emitter) showed an energy conversion efficiency of 10.0% (1 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ). This represents a silicon consumption already as low as 3.1 g/Wp (taking into account a polishing loss of 50 μm), and proves the conservation of the material quality during the process. The potential of the method is estimated by the development of a custom-made numerical model. The model uses a 2D finite element method and is able to propagate a crack in a multi-layered structure. The model proposes a concentric re-meshing in the region of the crack tip at every increment and a crack initiation and propagation based on maximum stress criteria.
Recent progress on growth and device development of ZnO and CuO nanostructures and graphenenanosheets (2011)

Recent progress on the growth of zinc oxide (ZnO), copper oxide (CuO) and graphene nanosheets is presented and discussed. We here restrict the discussion to the hydrothermal low temperature growth regime. In view of this the most critical and important parameters for obtaining nanostructures with desired morphology are discussed and presented. Among all parameters, the temperature and the pH during growth were chosen due to their strong role in affecting the produced nanostructures. The application of this method to non-conventional substrates e.g. paper, is demonstrated. Different devices are fabricated using the grown material and their performance is discussed.
Comportement et fatigue multiaxiale d'un élastomère chargé (NR-CB) (2004)

Cette etude contribue a une comprehension assez fine du comportement du materiau, caoutchouc naturel renforce avec du noir de carbone (NR-CB). Des sollicitations, monotones et cycliques, uniaxiales et multiaxiales, ont permis de degager les principaux phenomenes physiques ainsi que leur influence sur le comportement de l’elastomere. Ensuite, nous avons modelise le comportement du materiau par deux lois : la premiere est hyperelastique incompressible et la seconde est compressible endommageable. Enfin, une comparaison entre ces deux modeles a ete effectuee. Par ailleurs, l’etude experimentale de la fatigue sous chargements complexes a permis de decrire les interactions entre les sollicitations axiales et de torsion ainsi que l’effet du dephasage sur la localisation et la duree de vie. Cette analyse est completee par des etudes fractographiques permettant l’identification des differentes phases de fissuration (echelle macroscopique) et des sites d’amorcage (echelle microscopique). Enfin, nous avons etabli un critere de prevision de la duree de vie robuste sous chargements complexes. Ce critere prevoit la localisation de l’amorcage, l’orientation de fissures et le nombre de cycles a l’amorcage. Il a ete valide sur des eprouvettes de structure et sur des pieces industrielles. Enfin, nous avons compare ce critere a un modele pris dans la litterature.
Clostridium difficileinfection in patients with haematological malignant disease: Risk factors, faecal toxins and pathogenic strains (1988)

Two hundred and forty-eight patients from shared oncology and general medical wards were prospectively studied over a 6-month period for carriage of Clostridium difficile during an outbreak of clinical disease with an epidemic strain of the organism. Risk factors for infection were assessed. Acute leukaemia and/or its treatment were identified as significantly increasing the risk of infection. The relationship between the type of C. difficile isolated (as defined by a typing system based on the incorporation of [35S]methionine into bacterial proteins followed by gel electrophoresis), the presence of faecal toxins A and B and clinical symptoms were analysed. Carriage of the epidemic strain, type X, had a significant association with symptoms amongst oncology patients, with two thirds of these patients having detectable faecal toxin A and one third detectable faecal toxin B. During an outbreak of C. difficile-associated disease, typing the organism and assaying for both faecal toxins in symptomatic patients may be of benefit in determining which patients require specific, urgent treatment.