gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Asymptotic quantization for signal estimation with noisy channels (1991)

The authors consider signal estimation using a communication system which consists of a quantizer, a noisy channel, and a decision device. By assuming that the lengths of the quantization intervals become arbitrarily small, they derive the asymptotic signal estimation error for the communication system. The asymptotic error consists of an interaction term which depends on both the quantization error and the channel error. The most significant property of the interaction term is that it can be negative. Next, the authors use the companding approach to find the optimal uniform quantizer. They then suggest using a suboptimal piecewise uniform quantizer to approximate the optimal nonuniform quantizer. Finally, they present several analytic and numerical results to justify the validity of the obtained asymptotic expression.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Fe Thin Film Coated Optics for Corrosion Monitoring (2017)

Fe thin film coated optics were developed to monitor the internal corrosion in natural gas transmission pipelines. The Fe thin film corrosion behavior was studied in CO2-saturated 3.5%wt. NaCl solution using in-situ direct electrochemical methods.
Fab antibody fragment-functionalized liposomes for specific targeting of antigen-positive cells (2017)

Liposomes functionalized with monoclonal antibodies or their antigen-binding fragments have attracted much attention as specific drug delivery devices for treatment of various diseases including cancer. The conjugation of antibodies to liposomes is usually achieved by covalent coupling using cross-linkers in a reaction that might adversely affect the characteristics of the final product. Here we present an alternative strategy for liposome functionalization: we created a recombinant Fab antibody fragment genetically fused on its C-terminus to the hydrophobic peptide derived from pulmonary surfactant protein D, which became inserted into the liposomal bilayer during liposomal preparation and anchored the Fab onto the liposome surface. The Fab-conjugated liposomes specifically recognized antigen-positive cells and efficiently delivered their cargo, the Alexa Fluor 647 dye, into target cells in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, our approach offers the potential for straightforward development of nanomedicines functionalized with an antibody of choice without the need of harmful cross-linkers.
Native Hip Septic Arthritis in the Setting of Postpartum Gynecologic Infection (2021)

Hematogenously spread septic arthritis may occur in the absence of positive blood cultures during the postpartum period, increasing the risk of developing TSS.
In vivo wireless communications and networking (2015)

In vivo wireless communications and networking of biomedical devices has the potential of being a critical component in advancing health care delivery. Such systems offer the promise of improving the effectiveness of sophisticated cyber-physical biomedical systems. This paper provides an overview of our research on characterizing the in vivo wireless channel and contrasting this channel with the familiar cellular and WLAN channels. Characterization of the in vivo channel is still in its infancy, but the importance of obtaining accurate channel models is essential to the design of efficient communication systems and network protocols to support advanced biomedical applications. We describe our initial research on signal processing matched to the in vivo channel including MIMO in vivo and Cooperative Network Coding [CNC] systems. MIMO in vivo 2×2 systems demonstrate substantial performance improvement relative to SISO arrangements that significantly depends on antenna location. MIMO makes it possible to achieve the target data rate of 100 Mbps, with maximum SAR [Specific Absorption Rate] levels met. Furthermore, it is found that, to satisfy the maximum allowed SAR, a larger bandwidth may, but not necessarily, increase the system capacity. Also, we discuss the ability of Cooperative Network Coding [CNC] to increase the reliability (especially for real-time applications), provide transparent self-healing, and enhance the expected number of correctly received and decoded packets at the WBAN destination, while transmitting at low power. Because of the real-time nature of many of these medical applications and the fact that many sensors can only transmit, error detection and retransmission (i.e., ARQ) is not a preferred option. CNC requires about 3.5 dB less energy per bit than extant WBAN systems that do not use cooperation or network coding.
Spectroscopic and kinetic investigation of bis(N-alkylsalicylaldiminato)copper(II) complexes: a study on the existence of planar .dblharw. tetrahedral configuration equilibria (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSpectroscopic and kinetic investigation of bis(N-alkylsalicylaldiminato)copper(II) complexes: a study on the existence of planar .dblharw. tetrahedral configuration equilibriaRainer Knoch, Andreas Wilk, Klaus J. Wannowius, Dirk Reinen, and Horst EliasCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1990, 29, 19, 3799–3805Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00344a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00344a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views881Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Analysis of a picosecond ultrasonic method for measurement of stress in a substrate (2016)

We report on a method for determining the stress near the surface of a crystal that is partly transparent. A pump light pulse is applied to the sample to set up a stress near to the sample surface. This stress relaxes and launches a strain pulse into the sample. The propagation of this strain pulse can be monitored by means of a time-delayed optical probe pulse. The reflectivity of this probe light pulse contains a component which varies periodically with the time delay. We show how the period of this component can be precisely extracted from the data, how the period can be used to determine the stress in the sample, and the sensitivity of the technique for stress measurements.
Carbon nanotube formation catalyzed by Ni nanoparticles in carbonaceous solid (2008)

Abstract Thermal decomposition of a Ni‐containing organometallic compound or Ni salt in the presence of an excess amount of a multi(ethynyl)aromatic compound results in the formation of CNTs during the carbonization process. The uniqueness of the process is the formation of MWNTs in high yield within the solid carbonaceous domain upon heat treatment to elevated temperature under ambient pressure. The formation of MWNTs in a shaped, solid configuration readily occurred when the precursor mixture was heated above 600 °C. 1,2,4,5‐Tetrakis(phenylethynyl)benzene was reacted with varying amounts of a Ni‐containing compound in an organic solvent to produce the Ni adduct of the ethynyl unit. Other mixtures were formulated by physical mixing of 1,2,4,5‐tetrakis(phenylethynyl)benzene and a Ni salt. Heat treatment of the various mixtures to temperatures up to 1300 °C under atmospheric pressure resulted in the decomposition of the Ni‐containing compound or salt and the formation of Ni atoms, clusters, and/or nanoparticles in the polymeric‐to‐carbon nanoparticle‐to‐carbon nanotube compositions. The Ni atoms, clusters, and/or nanoparticles are the key to the formation of the carbon nanotubes. The resulting Ni nanoparticle–CNT compositions show magnetic properties. X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy studies show the presence of a large quantity of MWNTs in the carbonaceous solid residue. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Energy-Delay Tradeoff and Dynamic Sleep Switching for Bluetooth-Like Body-Area Sensor Networks (2012)

Wireless technology enables novel approaches to healthcare, in particular the remote monitoring of vital signs and other parameters indicative of people's health. This paper considers a system scenario relevant to such applications, where a smart-phone acts as a data-collecting hub, gathering data from a number of wireless-capable body sensors, and relaying them to a healthcare provider host through standard existing cellular networks. Delay of critical data and sensors' energy efficiency are both relevant and conflicting issues. Therefore, it is important to operate the wireless body-area sensor network at some desired point close to the optimal energy-delay tradeoff curve. This tradeoff curve is a function of the employed physical-layer protocol: in particular, it depends on the multiple-access scheme and on the coding and modulation schemes available. In this work, we consider a protocol closely inspired by the widely-used Bluetooth standard. First, we consider the calculation of the minimum energy function, i.e., the minimum sum energy per symbol that guarantees the stability of all transmission queues in the network. Then, we apply the general theory developed by Neely to develop a dynamic scheduling policy that approaches the optimal energy-delay tradeoff for the network at hand. Finally, we examine the queue dynamics and propose a novel policy that adaptively switches between connected and disconnected (sleeping) modes. We demonstrate that the proposed policy can achieve significant gains in the realistic case where the control "NULL" packets necessary to maintain the connection alive, have a non-zero energy cost, and the data arrival statistics corresponding to the sensed physical process are bursty.
Efficiency and thermal stability of Pt gettering in crystalline Si (1996)

We have investigated the efficiency and the thermal stability of Pt gettering at different sites in crystalline Si. In particular, we compared the gettering performances of heavily n-type doped regions formed by P diffusion, cavities formed after high-temperature annealings of He implanted Si, and damage induced by ion implantation of B, C, or Si. These sites were introduced on one side of wafers containing a uniform Pt concentration in the range 1×1013–5×1014 atoms/cm3. The uniform concentration of Pt was attained by means of Pt implantation followed by a high-temperature thermal process. The gettering efficiency of the different sites was monitored during thermal processes at 700 °C for times ranging from 1 to 48 h. Thermal stability of gettering was investigated with a subsequent thermal process in the temperature range 750–900 °C during which part of the gettered Pt is released in the bulk of the wafer. The kinetics of Pt gettering at the different sites is found to be similar since it is fully dominated by the kick-out diffusion mechanism of the metal impurity. The thermal stability is instead site-dependent and can be described in terms of an effective binding enthalpy of 1.9, 2.6, and 3.0 eV between Pt atoms and cavities, P-doped region, and ion-implantation damage, respectively. The physical meaning of the binding enthalpy is investigated and discussed.
Analysis of backscatter waveforms from single-mode fibres (1982)

Backscatter measurements have been made on single-mode fibres with high precision and good spatial resolution. Apparent changes in local attenuation are revealed which occur over short fibre lengths and result from backscatter factor variations. The latter are compared to known fluctuations in fibre parameters. It is found that the backscatter signal is less sensitive to diameter variations in single-mode fibres than in multimode fibres. Longitudinal variations of numerical aperture, scattering loss coefficient or core radius preclude an accurate determination of local attenuation derived from backscatter measurements made at one end only of the fibre.
Synthesis and characterization of hyperbranched polyacrylates (2008)

i,ii three-arm star, 2 six-arm star, iii and comb iv architectures by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) in order to determine why SCLCPs synthesized by non-living polymerizations often exhibit extremely broad phase transitions, and to find an ideal architecture for generating SCLCPs with more fluid mesophases. However, the most branched analog of poly[11-(4'-cyanophenyl-4-phenoxy)undecyl acrylate] would be a hyperbranched polymer generated by homopolymerization of an inimer (initiator monomer), which would also enable us to determine if high degrees of branching hinders the ability of the polymer to form a liquid crystalline phase. (Although numerous dendrimers and hyperbranched polymers have been synthesized with mesogens attached only at their periphery, or within the main-chain of the polymer, none have been synthesized with the mesogen attached as a side chain throughout the branched structure.) Hyperbranched polyacrylates have been synthesized previously by self-condensing vinyl polymerizations (SCVPs) 5 of various inimers using controlled radical techniques such as ATRP; 6,7 however, all have used the alkyl ester substituent to incorporate the initiating site, which leaves no possibility for functionalizing the inimer with an ester substituent corresponding to any known linear polyacrylate. We therefore designed the inimer shown in Scheme 1, which minimizes the chemical variation between the linear and resulting hyperbranched polyacrylate; i.e. the inimer incorporates a free alkyl ester in addition to the requisite acrylate and α-halo functional groups, and the resulting hyperbranched polymer has an ester group attached to every other carbon atom along the polymer backbone, with a nonfunctionalized alkyl ester attached as a free side chain, both of which are features of linear polyacrylates. This talk will compare different synthetic routes for making these inimers, polymerization results, as well as structural characterization of the resulting hyperbranched polymers and their properties.
Abstract 13034: The L19-Il2 Conjugate Induces Plaque Reduction via Activation of Plaque-Associated Regulatory T Cells (2010)

Advanced methods of recording cellular orientation with respect to the gravity vector are yielding increasingly wellfounded data on gravitaxis. The present study introduces a quantitative method which allows us to predict the precision of orientational behaviour as a function of acceleration assuming static buoyancy as a hypothetical physical principle of gravitaxis. The precision of orientation is expressed by the orientation coefficient as derived from circular statistics. Orientation coefficients calculated from experimental data at various g-values are tested for fit with a sigmoidal orientation coefficient-g-transfer function including a proportionality factor k. Residual orientation values in the low-hypogravity range obey a reciprocal function between k and g. Intersection of this residual-g function with the orientation coefficient-g-relationship gives the minimal acceleration to generate cellular orientation. Those data which clearly diverge from the orientation coefficient-g-curve bear some probability that the observed gravitaxis was guided in part by a physiological mechanism of gravireception and active graviorientation. Data which fit the orientation coefficient-g-curve qualify as being in agreement with a mechanical basis of cellular gravitaxis. Examples from the literature are presented and discussed in the light of our scheme of gravitaxis screening.
WCK 5107 (Zidebactam) and WCK 5153 Are Novel Inhibitors of PBP2 Showing Potent “β-Lactam Enhancer” Activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Including Multidrug-Resistant Metallo-β-Lactamase-Producing High-Risk Clones (2017)

Zidebactam and WCK 5153 are novel β-lactam enhancers that are bicyclo-acyl hydrazides (BCH), derivatives of the diazabicyclooctane (DBO) scaffold, targeted for the treatment of serious infections caused by highly drug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. In this study, we determined the penicillin-binding protein (PBP) inhibition profiles and the antimicrobial activities of zidebactam and WCK 5153 against <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, including multidrug-resistant (MDR) metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing high-risk clones. MIC determinations and time-kill assays were conducted for zidebactam, WCK 5153, and antipseudomonal β-lactams using wild-type PAO1, MexAB-OprM-hyperproducing (<i>mexR</i>), porin-deficient (<i>oprD</i>), and AmpC-hyperproducing (<i>dacB</i>) derivatives of PAO1, and MBL-expressing clinical strains ST175 (<i>bla</i><sub>VIM-2</sub>) and ST111 (<i>bla</i><sub>VIM-1</sub>). Furthermore, steady-state kinetics was used to assess the inhibitory potential of these compounds against the purified VIM-2 MBL. Zidebactam and WCK 5153 showed specific PBP2 inhibition and did not inhibit VIM-2 (apparent <i>K<sub>i</sub></i> [<i>K<sub>i</sub></i><sub>app</sub>] > 100 μM). MICs for zidebactam and WCK 5153 ranged from 2 to 32 μg/ml (amdinocillin MICs > 32 μg/ml). Time-kill assays revealed bactericidal activity of zidebactam and WCK 5153. LIVE-DEAD staining further supported the bactericidal activity of both compounds, showing spheroplast formation. Fixed concentrations (4 or 8 μg/ml) of zidebactam and WCK 5153 restored susceptibility to all of the tested β-lactams for each of the <i>P. aeruginosa</i> mutant strains. Likewise, antipseudomonal β-lactams (CLSI breakpoints), in combination with 4 or 8 μg/ml of zidebactam or WCK 5153, resulted in enhanced killing. Certain combinations determined full bacterial eradication, even with MDR MBL-producing high-risk clones. β-Lactam-WCK enhancer combinations represent a promising β-lactam "enhancer-based" approach to treat MDR <i>P. aeruginosa</i> infections, bypassing the need for MBL inhibition.
Erratum: Transverse Momentum and Centrality Dependence of High-pTNonphotonic Electron Suppression inAu+AuCollisions atsNN=200  GeV[Phys. Rev. Lett.98, 192301 (2007)] (2011)

Received 4 February 2011DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.159902© 2011 American Physical Society
Exome sequencing and characterization of 49,960 individuals in the UK Biobank (2020)

The UK Biobank is a prospective study of 502,543 individuals, combining extensive phenotypic and genotypic data with streamlined access for researchers around the world<sup>1</sup>. Here we describe the release of exome-sequence data for the first 49,960 study participants, revealing approximately 4 million coding variants (of which around 98.6% have a frequency of less than 1%). The data include 198,269 autosomal predicted loss-of-function (LOF) variants, a more than 14-fold increase compared to the imputed sequence. Nearly all genes (more than 97%) had at least one carrier with a LOF variant, and most genes (more than 69%) had at least ten carriers with a LOF variant. We illustrate the power of characterizing LOF variants in this population through association analyses across 1,730 phenotypes. In addition to replicating established associations, we found novel LOF variants with large effects on disease traits, including PIEZO1 on varicose veins, COL6A1 on corneal resistance, MEPE on bone density, and IQGAP2 and GMPR on blood cell traits. We further demonstrate the value of exome sequencing by surveying the prevalence of pathogenic variants of clinical importance, and show that 2% of this population has a medically actionable variant. Furthermore, we characterize the penetrance of cancer in carriers of pathogenic BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants. Exome sequences from the first 49,960 participants highlight the promise of genome sequencing in large population-based studies and are now accessible to the scientific community.
Skin permeabilization for transdermal drug delivery: recent advances and future prospects (2014)

Not all permeabilization methods are appropriate for all applications. Focused studies into applications utilizing the advantages of each method are needed. The total dose and kinetics of delivery must be considered. Vaccination is one application where permeabilization methods could make an impact. Protein delivery and analyte sensing are also areas of potential impact, although the amount of material that can be delivered (or extracted) is of critical importance. Additional work on the miniaturization of these technologies will help to increase commercial interest.
Host-associated microbe PCR (hamPCR) enables convenient measurement of both microbial load and community composition (2021)

The ratio of microbial population size relative to the amount of host tissue, or 'microbial load', is a fundamental metric of colonization and infection, but it cannot be directly deduced from microbial amplicon data such as 16S rRNA gene counts. Because existing methods to determine load, such as serial dilution plating, quantitative PCR, and whole metagenome sequencing add substantial cost and/or experimental burden, they are only rarely paired with amplicon sequencing. We introduce host-associated microbe PCR (hamPCR), a robust strategy to both quantify microbial load and describe interkingdom microbial community composition in a single amplicon library. We demonstrate its accuracy across multiple study systems, including nematodes and major crops, and further present a cost-saving technique to reduce host overrepresentation in the library prior to sequencing. Because hamPCR provides an accessible experimental solution to the well-known limitations and statistical challenges of compositional data, it has far-reaching potential in culture-independent microbiology.
Efficient performance prediction for modern microprocessors (2000)

Generating an accurate estimate of the performance of a program on a given system is important to a large number of people. Computer architects, compiler writers, and developers all need insight into a machine's performance. There are a number of performance estimation techniques in use, from profile-based approaches to full machine simulation. This paper discusses a profile-based performance estimation technique that uses a lightweight instrumentation phase that runs in order number of dynamic instructions, followed by an analysis phase that runs in roughly order number of static instructions. This technique accurately predicts the performance of the core pipeline of a detailed out-of-order issue processor model while scheduling far fewer instructions than does full simulation. The difference between the predicted execution time and the time obtained from full simulation is only a few percent.