gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lack of functional retinoblastoma protein mediates increased resistance to antimetabolites in human sarcoma cell lines. (1995)

Growth inhibition assays indicated that the IC50 values for methotrexate (MTX) and 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (FdUrd) in HS-18, a liposarcoma cell line lacking retinoblastoma protein (pRB), and SaOS-2, an osteosarcoma cell line with a truncated and nonfunctional pRB, were 10- to 12-fold and 4- to 11-fold higher, respectively, than for the HT-1080 (fibrosarcoma) cell line, which has wild-type pRB. These Rb-/- cell lines exhibited a 2- to 4-fold increase in both dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) and thymidylate synthase (TS) enzyme activities as well as a 3- to 4-fold increase in mRNA levels for these enzymes compared to the HT-1080 (Rb+/+) cells. This increase in expression was not due to amplification of the DHFR and TS genes. Growth inhibition by MTX and FdUrd was increased and DHFR and TS activities and expression were correspondingly decreased in Rb transfectants of SaOS-2 cells. In contrast, there was no significant difference in growth inhibition among these cell lines for the nonantimetabolites VP-16, cisplatin, and doxorubicin. A gel mobility-shift assay showed that parental SaOS-2 cells had increased levels of free E2F compared to the Rb-reconstituted SaOS-2 cells. These results indicate that pRB defective cells may have decreased sensitivity to growth inhibition by target enzymes encoded by genes whose transcription is enhanced by E2F proteins and suggest mechanisms of interaction between cytotoxic agents and genes involved in cell cycle progression.
Lewy bodies are immunoreactive with antibodies raised to gelsolin related amyloid-Finnish type. (1991)

Lewy bodies (LB) are intraneuronal, cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. They are invariably present in Parkinson's and diffuse LB diseases. Their composition by direct biochemical methods is unknown, although LBs are immunoreactive with a number of antibodies, including anti-ubiquitin and anti-neurofilament antibodies. Familial amyloidosis, Finnish type (FAF), is an autosomal-dominant form of systemic amyloidosis. The authors have isolated and partially sequenced the amyloid. The protein has significant sequence identity with gelsolin, an actin-modulating protein. Rabbit polyclonal antibodies raised to the FAF amyloid not only immunostain the amyloid but also LBs in the cortex and substantia nigra of Parkinson's and diffuse LB disease brains. Immunoreactivity is absorbed by the purified amyloid but is unaffected by ubiquitin. This provides a link between the LB and one of the human amyloidoses, FAF.
Genetic analyses of isolated high‐grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HG‐PanIN) reveal paucity of alterations in TP53 and SMAD4 (2017)

High-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HG-PanIN) is the major precursor of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and is an ideal target for early detection. To characterize pure HG-PanIN, we analysed 23 isolated HG-PanIN lesions occurring in the absence of PDAC. Whole-exome sequencing of five of these HG-PanIN lesions revealed a median of 33 somatic mutations per lesion, with a total of 318 mutated genes. Targeted next-generation sequencing of 17 HG-PanIN lesions identified KRAS mutations in 94% of the lesions. CDKN2A alterations occurred in six HG-PanIN lesions, and RNF43 alterations in five. Mutations in TP53, GNAS, ARID1A, PIK3CA, and TGFBR2 were limited to one or two HG-PanINs. No non-synonymous mutations in SMAD4 were detected. Immunohistochemistry for p53 and SMAD4 proteins in 18 HG-PanINs confirmed the paucity of alterations in these genes, with aberrant p53 labelling noted only in three lesions, two of which were found to be wild type in sequencing analyses. Sixteen adjacent LG-PanIN lesions from ten patients were also sequenced using targeted sequencing. LG-PanIN harboured KRAS mutations in 94% of the lesions; mutations in CDKN2A, TP53, and SMAD4 were not identified. These results suggest that inactivation of TP53 and SMAD4 are late genetic alterations, predominantly occurring in invasive PDAC. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Performance model for high-power lithium titanate oxide batteries based on extended characterization tests (2015)

Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are found nowadays not only in portable/consumer electronics but also in more power demanding applications, such as stationary renewable energy storage, automotive and back-up power supply, because of their superior characteristics in comparison to other energy storage technologies. Nevertheless, prior to be used in any of the aforementioned application, a Li-ion battery cell must be intensively characterized and its behavior needs to be understood. This can be realized by performing extended laboratory characterization tests and developing Li-ion battery performance models. Furthermore, accurate performance models are necessary in order to analyze the behavior of the battery cell under different mission profiles, by simulation; thus, avoiding time and cost demanding real life tests. This paper presents the development and the parametrization of a performance model for a commercially available 13Ah high-power lithium titanate oxide battery cell based on laboratory-performed extended characterization tests.
Design Considerations for Waste Energy Recovery With Electric Turbocompounding (2016)

This paper studies the use of an electric turbogenerator (ETG) for waste energy recovery from the exhaust gas of a 13 L Heavy Duty Diesel (HDD) engine. Up to 1% brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) reduction is predicted for this system at high engine loads using a validated mean value engine model. However, the addition of the ETG reduces the air-fuel equivalence ratio (λ) and increases exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate by 10%, deteriorating the engine-out smoke emissions. This challenge is addressed by decreasing the EGR valve position and the asymmetry in the twin scroll turbine. With these modifications, the predicted high load BSFC reduction is 2% and the EGR and λ approach their original values. The HDD engine is then tested experimentally with the ETG emulated by a valve downstream of the main turbocharger. The experimental results confirm the simulation predictions with the stock engine calibration and geometry, where EGR valve sweeps show the potential of this actuator for remedying the detrimental ETG backpressure effects, which ultimately improves the combined engine and ETG BSFC by 0.6% at high loads. Combining the simulated turbo sizing and the experimental EGR valve results indicates that up to 1.6% BSFC reductions are possible for the HDD engine with an integrated ETG, without deteriorating emission levels. Finally, simulations show that during a torque step the ETG should be bypassed to avoid deterioration in the dynamic response of the engine.
Quantitative Assessment of the Vascularity of the Proximal Part of the Humerus (2010)

The finding that the posterior humeral circumflex artery provides 64% of the blood supply to the humeral head provides a possible explanation for the relatively low rates of osteonecrosis seen in association with displaced fractures of the proximal part of the humerus. In addition, protecting the posterior humeral circumflex artery during the surgical approach and fracture fixation may minimize loss of the blood supply to the humeral head.
A remote triggered wireless sensor network testbed (2015)

This paper presents a remote triggered wireless sensor network (WSN) testbed used to facilitate multi-user remote access to the WSN experiments for virtual learning of wireless sensor network concepts. This testbed provides multiset, multi-group of WSN experimental setup that is capable to provide opportunity to perform remote code editing using over the air programming mechanism. This testbed also provides an intuitive web-based interface to the registered users for running the experiments, accessing and editing the source code of the experiment from anywhere in the world by means of internet. This remote triggering mechanism offers the user a flexible environment for the experimentation. An experimentation setup of 150 wireless sensor nodes are developed to suit the design of both indoor and outdoor experiments. The outdoor lab setup allows the users to learn the wireless propagational effects in the real environment. The WSN indoor lab setup comprises of nine sensor network experiments which allows the users to learn the WSN concepts such as configuring a WSN, clustering mechanisms, time synchronization mechanisms and experience the practical implementation in real time. This test bed offers the researchers and students an opportunity to trigger their inquisitiveness by providing the access to remote equipments and materials needed for the experimentation, shared via virtual manner wherein the experiment conduction and output observation can be performed online through an effective visualization tool.
Best Practices for Reporting on Energy Storage (2015)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTBest Practices for Reporting on Energy StorageZaiping Guo and Esther TakeuchiCite this: ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2015, 7, 30, 16131–16132Publication Date (Web):August 5, 2015Publication History Published online5 August 2015Published inissue 5 August 2015https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b06029Copyright © 2015 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views2292Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (136 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Batteries,Capacitors,Energy storage,Materials,Testing and assessment Get e-Alerts
cDNA of the Yeast Retrotransposon Ty5 Preferentially Recombines with Substrates in Silent Chromatin (1999)

The yeast retrotransposon Ty5 preferentially integrates into regions of silent chromatin. Ty5 cDNA also recombines with homologous sequences, generating tandem elements or elements that have exchanged markers between cDNA and substrate. In this study, we demonstrate that Ty5 integration depends upon the conserved DD(35)E domain of integrase and cis-acting sequences at the end of the long terminal repeat (LTR) implicated in integrase binding. cDNA recombination requires Rad52p, which is responsible for homologous recombination. Interestingly, Ty5 cDNA recombines at least three times more frequently with substrates in silent chromatin than with a control substrate at an internal chromosomal locus. This preference depends upon the Ty5 targeting domain that is responsible for integration specificity, suggesting that localization of cDNA to silent chromatin results in the enhanced recombination. Recombination with a telomeric substrate occasionally generates highly reiterated Ty5 arrays, and mechanisms for tandem element formation were explored by using a plasmid-based recombination assay. Point mutations were introduced into plasmid targets, and recombination products were characterized to determine recombination initiation sites. Despite our previous observation of the importance of the LTR in forming tandem elements, recombination cannot simply be explained by crossover events between the LTRs of substrate and cDNA. We propose an alternative model based on single-strand annealing, where single-stranded cDNA initiates tandem element formation and the LTR is required for strand displacement to form a looped intermediate. Retrotransposons are increasingly found associated with chromosome ends, and amplification of Ty5 by both integration and recombination exemplifies how retroelements can contribute to telomere dynamics.
Terahertz time-domain measurement of non-Drude conductivity in silver nanowire thin films (2013)

We investigate the complex conductivity of silver nanowire thin films using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. The measured conductivity shows a characteristic non-Drude response unlike bulk metals. The interesting behavior is explained by the Gans approximation and the Drude-Smith model.
Preliminary Characterization of a Commercial Chiral Stationary Phase as a Selector for Chemical Sensor Applications Using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance (2009)

Verification of enantiomeric purity is an important analytical requirement in the pharmaceutical industry. Chiral purity assays are often performed via chromatographic techniques and performance is controlled by the adsorption of the analyte onto the coating. Since it is not always known which chiral specific coating would provide optimal specificity for a given enantiomeric pair, chromatographic method development can be a time consuming, waste generating, and expensive process. Thus, chemical sensors are being investigated to improve upon the efficiency of column method development. For this investigation, the Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) was chosen as the sensor platform for its ability to make real time condensed phase measurements. QCM sensors were coated with stereospecific coatings originally developed for use in commercial HPLC columns. The coated sensor readily produced unique responses upon exposures to individual enantiomeric isomers. Preliminary studies to assess the nature of the analyte-coating interaction and the resulting QCM response are presented.
Chemiluminescence Measurements of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Combustion (2006)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A spectroscopic diagnostic system was designed to study the effects of different engine parameters on the chemiluminescence characteristic of HCCI combustion. The engine parameters studied in this work were intake temperature, fuel delivery method, fueling rate (load), air-fuel ratio, and the effect of partial fuel reforming due to intake charge preheating. At each data point, a set of time-resolved spectra were obtained along with the cylinder pressure and exhaust emissions data. It was determined that different engine parameters affect the ignition timing of HCCI combustion without altering the reaction pathways of the fuel after the combustion has started. The chemiluminescence spectra of HCCI combustion appear as several distinct peaks corresponding to emission from CHO, HCHO, CH, and OH superimposed on top of a CO-O continuum. A strong correlation was found between the chemiluminescence light intensity and the rate of heat release.&lt;/div&gt;
Soft Error Resiliency Characterization on IBM BlueGene/Q Processor (2014)

Soft Error Resiliency (SER) is a major concern for Petascale high performance computing (HPC) systems. In designing Blue Gene/Q (BG/Q) [8], many mechanisms were deployed to target SER including extensive use of Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI), radiation-hardened latches [7,13], detection and correction in on-chip arrays, and very low radiation packaging materials. On the other hand, it is well known that application behavior has major impacts on the masking (or “derating” factor) in system SER calculations. The principal goal of this project is to understand the interaction between BG/Q hardware and high-performance applications when it comes to SER by performing and evaluating a chip irradiation experiment.
Electron beam-induced increase of electron diffusion length in p-type GaN and AlGaN/GaN superlattices (2000)

The diffusion length, L, of electrons in Mg-doped p-GaN grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition was found to increase linearly from 0.55 to 2.0 μm during 1500 s of electron beam irradiation. Similar trends were observed for p-type Mg-doped GaN and AlGaN/GaN superlattices grown by molecular-beam epitaxy. While the electron diffusion length in p-(Al)GaN depends on irradiation time, the diffusion length of holes in n-GaN remains unchanged, with L∼0.35 μm. We attribute the observed diffusion length change in p-(Al)GaN to an increase in the minority carrier lifetime. This increase is likely due to electron beam-induced charging of the deep metastable centers associated with Mg doping. The concentration of these centers was estimated to be ∼1018 cm−3. The minority carrier diffusion length increase in p-(Al)GaN, which occurs during electron injection, may lead to self-improvement of the bipolar transistor characteristics.
<title>Comparison of lossy image compression techniques with respect to their impact on edge detectors</title> (1996)

Lossy compression techniques provide far greater compression ratios than lossless and are, therefore, usually preferred in image processing applications. However, as more and more applications of digital image processing have to combine image compression and highly automated image analysis, it becomes of critical importance to study the interrelations existing between image compression and feature extraction. In this contribution we present a clear and systematic comparison of contemporary general purpose lossy image compression techniques with respect to fundamental features, namely lines and edges detected in images. To this end, a representative set of benchmark edge detection and line extraction operators is applied to original and compressed images. The effects are studied in detail, delivering clear guidelines which combination of compression technique and edge detection algorithm is best used for specific applications.
Vectorization of ChaCha Stream Cipher. (2013)

Abstract. This paper describes software optimization for the stream Cipher ChaCha. We leverage the wide vectorization capabilities of the new AVX2 architecture, to speed up ChaCha encryption (and decryption) on the latest x86_64 processors. In addition, we show how to apply vectorization for the future AVX512 architecture, and get further speedup. This leads to significant performance gains. For example, on the latest Intel Haswell microarchitecture, our AVX2 implementation performs at 1.43 cycles per byte (on a 4KB message), which is ~2x faster than the current implementation in the Chromium project.
Encapsulation of Self‐Healing Agents in Polymer Nanocapsules (2012)

Nanocapsules for the encapsulation of self-healing agents such as plasticizers, solvents, and monomers are prepared from various polymers. Successful encapsulation is driven by the internal phase separation between polymer and self-healing agent inthenanodroplets. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Enantioselective homogeneous catalysis involving transition-metal-allyl intermediates (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleEnantioselective homogeneous catalysis involving transition-metal-allyl intermediatesGiambattista Consiglio and Robert M. WaymouthCite this: Chem. Rev. 1989, 89, 1, 257–276Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr00091a007https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00091a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2125Altmetric-Citations460LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hydrodynamic interactions in long chain polymers: Application of the Chebyshev polynomial approximation in stochastic simulations (2000)

We have simulated Brownian bead-spring chains of up to 125 units with fluctuating hydrodynamic and excluded volume interactions using the Chebyshev polynomial approximation proposed by Fixman [Macromolecules 19, 1204 (1986)] for the square root of the diffusion tensor. We have developed a fast method to continuously determine the validity of the eigenvalue range used in the polynomial approximation, and demonstrated how this range may be quickly updated when necessary. We have also developed a weak first order semiimplicit time integration scheme which offers increased stability in the presence of steep excluded volume potentials. The full algorithm scales roughly as O(N2.25) and offers substantial computational savings over the standard Cholesky decomposition. The above algorithm was used to obtain scaling exponents for various static and zero shear rate dynamical properties, which are found to be consistent with theoretical and/or experimental predictions.
Modeling of Filter Cake Composition in Maximum Reservoir Contact and Extended Reach Horizontal Wells in Sandstone Reservoirs (2016)

Drilling mud should be properly designed to build an effective filter cake on the formation face during the drilling process. This filter cake should be removable to allow the oil and gas production. The need for removal increases when the liftoff pressure is high or when the formation drawdown is extremely low. An effective filter cake removal design includes the knowledge of the filter cake composition along the horizontal section. This paper, for the first time, introduces material balance model to predict the composition of the filter cake along the length of the lateral of an actual horizontal well drilled in a sandstone formation. The model is based on the material balance of two sources of solids: the first one is the drilling fluid solids and the second one is the drilled-formation solids. The mud used to drill the rock was contaminated by the drilled-formation solids. The parameters used to construct the model were composition of the mud and formation, efficiency of each separation stage, rate of penetration (ROP), and mud circulation rate. The model was validated with actual mud samples collected from different locations along the horizontal section of a sandstone formation. The model showed that the sand content in the filter cake is affected by ROP, rock composition, mud composition and volume, and efficiency of sand separation equipment. We came up with several correlations that can be used to design the drilling fluid operations in horizontal well to avoid the formation of irremovable filter cake.