gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crystal structure of MTCP-1: Implications for role of TCL-1 and MTCP-1 in T cell malignancies (1998)

Two related oncogenes, TCL-1 and MTCP-1, are overexpressed in T cell prolymphocytic leukemias as a result of chromosomal rearrangements that involve the translocation of one T cell receptor gene to either chromosome 14q32 or Xq28. The crystal structure of human recombinant MTCP-1 protein has been determined at 2.0 A resolution by using multiwavelength anomalous dispersion data from selenomethionine-enriched protein and refined to an R factor of 0.21. MTCP-1 folds into a compact eight-stranded beta barrel structure with a short helix between the fourth and fifth strands. The topology is unique. The structure of TCL-1 has been predicted by molecular modeling based on 40% amino acid sequence identity with MTCP-1. The identical residues are clustered inside the barrel and on the surface at one side of the barrel. The overall structure of MTCP-1 superficially resembles the structures of proteins in the lipocalin family and calycin superfamily. These proteins have diverse functions, including transport of retinol, fatty acids, chromophores, pheromones, synthesis of prostaglandin, immune modulation, and cell regulation. However, MTCP-1 differs in the topology of the beta strands. The structural similarity suggests that MTCP-1 and TCL-1 form a unique family of beta barrel proteins that is predicted to bind small hydrophobic ligands and function in cell regulation.
Correction: Interpain A, a Cysteine Proteinase from Prevotella intermedia, Inhibits Complement by Degrading Complement Factor C3 (2009)

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the supporting structures of the teeth caused by, among other pathogens, Prevotella intermedia. Many strains of P. intermedia are resistant to killing by the human complement system, which is present at up to 70% of serum concentration in gingival crevicular fluid. Incubation of human serum with recombinant cysteine protease of P. intermedia (interpain A) resulted in a drastic decrease in bactericidal activity of the serum. Furthermore, a clinical strain 59 expressing interpain A was more serum-resistant than another clinical strain 57, which did not express interpain A, as determined by Western blotting. Moreover, in the presence of the cysteine protease inhibitor E64, the killing of strain 59 by human serum was enhanced. Importantly, we found that the majority of P. intermedia strains isolated from chronic and aggressive periodontitis carry and express the interpain A gene. The protective effect of interpain A against serum bactericidal activity was found to be attributable to its ability to inhibit all three complement pathways through the efficient degradation of the a-chain of C3-the major complement factor common to all three pathways. P. intermedia has been known to co-aggregate with P. gingivalis, which produce gingipains to efficiently degrade complement factors. Here, interpain A was found to have a synergistic effect with gingipains on complement degradation. In addition, interpain A was able to activate the C1 complex in serum, causing deposition of C1q on inert and bacterial surfaces, which may be important at initial stages of infection when local inflammatory reaction may be beneficial for a pathogen. Taken together, the newly characterized interpain A proteinase appears to be an important virulence factor of P. intermedia.
Low‐Temperature Sintering of (Ba 0.6 Sr 0.4 )TiO 3 (2004)

An addition of just 0.4 wt% Li 2 O to (Ba 0.6 Sr 0.4 )TiO 3 powder was able to reduce the sintering temperature to ≤900°C and produce ceramics with a relative density of 97%. Small amounts of two secondary phases were formed during this process: Li 2 TiO 3 and Ba 2 TiO 4 . The addition of Li 2 O depresses the ferroelectric character of the (Ba 0.6 Sr 0.4 )TiO 3 and, as a result, reduces the permittivity, improves the temperature coefficient of permittivity, and reduces the dielectric losses. The tunability shows no significant variation with Li 2 O concentration and remains between 16.5% and 13.5%. A low‐temperature sintering mechanism was proposed. The mechanism involves the intermediate formation of BaCO 3 , its melting and the incorporation of Li + into the BST. The sintering mechanism can be characterized as reactive liquid‐phase sintering.
Supplementary Table 5 from The Transcription Factor ZNF217 Is a Prognostic Biomarker and Therapeutic Target during Breast Cancer Progression (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 37K, Drug list identified in silico. List of drugs identified in silico to inhibit breast cancer cell lines that overexpress ZNF217. Correlation of ZNF217 expression in the cell line panel with the drug panel of ~50,000 drugs generated by the NCI Developmental Therapeutics Program (dtp.nci.nih.gov) identified several drugs that selectively inhibited growth of cells, assessed by GI50, expressing high levels of ZNF217 with a low drug concentration&lt;/p&gt;
Ultrafast Radial Modulation Imaging (2019)

Radial modulation imaging improves the detection of microbubbles at high frequency using a dual ultrasonic excitation. However, the synchronization between the imaging pulses is nontrivial because microbubbles need to be interrogated in the compression and the rarefaction phase, and the time-delay difference from dispersion has to be corrected. To address these issues, we propose the use of ultrafast radial modulation imaging (uRMI). In this technique, a beat frequency between the modulation pulse (around 1 MHz) and the ultrafast pulse-repetition frequency was exploited to separate microbubbles from tissue phantom in vitro. This led to a modulated images' set in the spectral domain of the slow time that may then be demodulated through a digital lock-in amplifier to retrieve the contrast image. Ultrafast RMI, applied on a flow phantom with microbubbles, provided a contrast-to-tissue ratio from 7.2 to 14.8 dB at 15 MHz. For flow speed lower than 0.05 mL/min, uRMI (16 dB) provided a better contrast-to-tissue ratio than other techniques: singular value decomposition spatiotemporal filter (11 dB), amplitude modulation (9 dB), or microbubbles disruption (6 dB). This technique may then be suitable to improve the detection of targeted microbubbles, in ultrasound molecular imaging applications, and the detection of extremely slow microbubbles moving in the finest vessels in ultrasound localization microscopy.
Fourier Analysis Guided Cable Actuator Design for Coordinated Walking Assistance (2021)

Abstract Cable-driven exoskeletons add minimal inertia and restrictions to the user’s leg while still providing feedback and quantitative measures of the user’s performance. However, cable robots require at least n + 1 cables to control n degrees-of-freedom, i.e., they require more actuators than the leg’s degrees-of-freedom, challenging their widespread adoption as wearable technology. The state-of-the-art in this field aims to reduce the number of actuated motors. In this paper, we design and evaluate a “single motor-driven” leg exoskeleton prototype based on the Cable-driven Active Leg EXoskleton (C-ALEX). The prototype consists of four crank-spring mechanisms and a crankshaft designed using epicycle analysis. The epicycle analysis is performed using discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and sine curve fitting (SCF). While DFT suggests the maximum number of epicycles to imitate the target waveform, a large number of nested epicycles is challenging to design and manufacture for implementation. To validate the epicycle-guided design, we constructed a simple crankshaft model using one epicycle. Our proposed simplified model predicted and produced the joint angles calculated from the inverse and forward kinematics of a cable-driven leg exoskeleton with multiple motors. To our knowledge, this is the first multi-cable driven exoskeleton powered by a single actuator that is designed to provide continuous assistance to the user.
Multitrack power factor correction architecture (2018)

Single-phase universal-input ac-dc converters are needed in a wide range of applications. This paper presents a novel power factor correction (PFC) architecture that can achieve high power density and high efficiency as a new development of the Multitrack concept [1]. The proposed Multitrack PFC architecture reduces the internal device voltage stress of the power converter subsystems, allowing PFC circuits to maintain zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) at high frequencies (HF, 1-3 MHz) across universal input voltage range (85V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">AC</sub> -265V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">AC</sub> ) and wide power range. The high performance of the power converter is enabled by delivering power in multiple stacked voltage domains and reconfiguring the power processing paths depending on the input voltage. This Multitrack concept is compatible with a wide range of existing design techniques for PFC systems. A prototype 150W, universal ac input, 12V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DC</sub> output, isolated Multitrack PFC system with a power density of 50W/inch <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> and a peak end-to-end efficiency of 92% has been built and tested to verify the effectiveness of the Multitrack PFC architecture.
CpG-A and B oligodeoxynucleotides enhance the efficacy of antibody therapy by activating different effector cell populations. (2003)

Immunostimulatory CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) can enhance the therapeutic effect of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) by enhancing antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). Distinct classes of CpG ODNs have been found recently to stimulate different effector cell populations. We used murine cancer models to explore the role of various effector cell populations in the antitumor activity seen with mAbs combined with CpG ODNs of the A and B classes. In the 38C13 syngeneic murine lymphoma model, both CpG A and CpG B enhanced the efficacy of murine antilymphoma mAb. Depletion of natural killer (NK) cells alone markedly decreased the efficacy of therapy with mAbs plus CpG A. In contrast, depletion of both NK cells and granulocytes was required to decrease the efficacy of mAb plus CpG B. A human (h) Fc gamma receptor I (FcgammaRI)-expressing transgenic (Tg) mouse model was used to explore the role of FcgammaRI in therapy with mAb and CpG ODN. CpG B induced up-regulation of FcgammaRI in hFcgammaRI Tg mice, whereas CpG A did not. In vitro CpG B also enhanced ADCC of HER-2/neu-expressing tumor cells by the FcgammaRI-directed bispecific antibody MDX-H210 using hFcgammaRI-positive effector cells. In a solid tumor model, tumor growth was inhibited in Tg mice treated with a combination of MDX-H210 and CpG B. These data suggest that CpG A enhance ADCC largely by activating NK cells. In contrast, other effector cell populations, including granulocytes, contribute to the antitumor activity of CpG B and mAbs. FcgammaRI plays an important role in this activity.
Droplet-based Segregation and Extraction of Concentrated Samples (2007)

Microfluidic analysis often requires sample concentration and separation techniques to isolate and detect analytes of interest. Complex or scarce samples may also require an orthogonal separation and detection method or off-chip analysis to confirm results. To perform these additional steps, the concentrated sample plug must be extracted from the primary microfluidic channel with minimal sample loss and dilution. We investigated two extraction techniques; injection of immiscible fluid droplets into the sample stream (''capping'''') and injection of the sample into an immiscible fluid stream (''extraction''). From our results we conclude that capping is the more effective partitioning technique. Furthermore, this functionality enables additional off-chip post-processing procedures such as DNA/RNA microarray analysis, realtime polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and culture growth to validate chip performance.
Novel transient cancellation control method for future generation of microprocessors (2003)

Future on-board low-voltage, high-current DC-DC voltage regulator module (VRM) requirements for a new generation of microprocessors are increasingly becoming stricter than ever as the demand for high dynamic performance and high power density converters with very small and limited output voltage deviation continues to increase. Future VRMs may have to be proactive instead of reactive so that they can respond before the upcoming large load transients. A new method to limit the VRM output voltage variation under large load transients is proposed. This method, known as transient cancellation control, is presented in this paper, as is how it reduces the output voltage overshoot/undershoot.
A 342 mW Mobile Application Processor With Full-HD Multi-Standard Video Codec and Tile-Based Address-Translation Circuits (2010)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> A full-HD (1080p30) 500 MHz mobile application processor with an H.264 HP/MPEG-2/MPEG-4 video codec is integrated on a <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">$6.4\times 6.5\ {\hbox {mm}}^{2}$</tex></formula> die in 65 nm low-power CMOS. With two parallel pipelines for macroblock processing and tile-based address translation circuits, the processor consumes 342 mW in real-time playback of a full-HD H.264 stream from a 64 b width low-power DDR-SDRAM at an operating frequency of 166 MHz at 1.2 V. </para>
Image charge detection of ion bunches using a segmented, cryogenic detector (2022)

The response of a dedicated image charge detector to a single passage of small ion bunches was studied. This detector was designed and built in our labs aiming for a maximized signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) with the motivation to enable single ion detection for deterministic ion implantation, a key technique for solid state based quantum technologies, in the future. It is shown how segmentation of the detector with the appropriate combination of the individual segment signal channels significantly increases the SNR. Additionally, the detector is cryogenically cooled to temperatures down to 163 K, further enhancing the SNR. The detection sensitivity of this detector prototype was measured to be 80 elementary charges for SNR=2, detecting 4 keV Xe+ ion bunches. At this SNR, the false-positive error rate is expected to be 0.1%. Comparing the measured sensitivity with a theoretical estimation yielding 22 elementary charges for SNR=2, the presented results lead the way to further optimizations of the detector components and the signal analysis techniques, necessary to realize single ion detection.
Soft-decision decoder employing eigenvalue of channel matrix in MIMO systems (2004)

This paper proposes a new soft-decision decoder employing the eigenvalue of the channel matrix as a weighting factor for conventional codes in MIMO (multi-input multi-output) systems. As is generally known, sufficient coding gain in a soft-decision decoder can only be obtained by employing the square Euclidean distance as a branch metric under AWGN (additive white Gaussian noise) channels. On the other hand, this gain cannot be obtained by simply doing the same under Rayleigh fading channels. This paper studies a suitable weighting factor for obtaining the coding gain in soft-decision decoders under Rayleigh fading channels in MIMO systems. First, we propose that the minimum eigenvalue power of the channel matrix indicates an effective carrier power in MIMO systems. Next, we propose the effective carrier power as a weighting factor for soft-decision decoders. We then calculate BER performance. According to the results, the proposed decoder gives a margin of about 5 dB at BER=10/sup -4/ compared to a conventional decoder employing received power as a weighting factor. The results also demonstrate that the proposed weighting factor can enhance the ability of soft-decision decoders under frequency non-selective Rayleigh fading channels in MIMO systems.
The S4–S5 linker couples voltage sensing and activation of pacemaker channels (2001)

Voltage-gated channels are normally opened by depolarization and closed by repolarization of the membrane. Despite sharing significant sequence homology with voltage-gated K(+) channels, the gating of hyperpolarization-activated, cyclic-nucleotide-gated (HCN) pacemaker channels has the opposite dependence on membrane potential: hyperpolarization opens, whereas depolarization closes, these channels. The mechanism and structural basis of the process that couples voltage sensor movement to HCN channel opening and closing is not understood. On the basis of our previous studies of a mutant HERG (human ether-a-go-go-related gene) channel, we hypothesized that the intracellular linker that connects the fourth and fifth transmembrane domains (S4-S5 linker) of HCN channels might be important for channel gating. Here, we used alanine-scanning mutagenesis of the HCN2 S4-S5 linker to identify three residues, E324, Y331, and R339, that when mutated disrupted normal channel closing. Mutation of a basic residue in the S4 domain (R318Q) prevented channel opening, presumably by disrupting S4 movement. However, channels with R318Q and Y331S mutations were constitutively open, suggesting that these channels can open without a functioning S4 domain. We conclude that the S4-S5 linker mediates coupling between voltage sensing and HCN channel activation. Our findings also suggest that opening of HCN and related channels corresponds to activation of a gate located near the inner pore, rather than recovery of channels from a C-type inactivated state.
Episodic Ataxia Mutations in Kv1.1 Alter Potassium Channel Function by Dominant Negative Effects or Haploinsufficiency (1998)

Subunits of the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.1 containing mutations responsible for episodic ataxia (EA), a human inherited neurological disease, were expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Five EA subunits formed functional homomeric channels with lower current amplitudes and altered gating properties compared with wild type. Two EA mutations located in the first cytoplasmic loop, R239S and F249I, yielded minimal or no detectable current, and Western blot analysis showed reduced protein levels. Coinjection of equal amounts of EA and wild-type mRNAs, mimicking the heterozygous condition, resulted in current amplitudes and gating properties that were intermediate between wild-type and EA homomeric channels, suggesting that heteromeric channels are formed with a mixed stoichiometry of EA and wild-type subunits. To examine the relative contribution of EA subunits in forming heteromeric EA and wild-type channels, each EA subunit was made insensitive to TEA, TEA-tagged, and coexpressed with wild-type subunits. TEA-tagged R239S and F249I induced the smallest shift in TEA sensitivity compared with homomeric wild-type channels, whereas the other TEA-tagged EA subunits yielded TEA sensitivities similar to coexpression of wild-type and TEA-tagged wild-type subunits. Taken together, these results show that the different mutations in Kv1.1 affect channel function and indicate that both dominant negative effects and haplotype insufficiency may result in the symptoms of EA.
High-precision Kicking Force Control Based on Joint Torque Feedback of Leg Robot with Bi-articular Muscle (2018)

To realize dynamic walking, it is important to generate a kicking force in the direction connecting the waist position and the foot tip in the kicking-out period. In this research, a leg robot with a bi-articular muscle is able to generate a kicking force in this direction by using one motor to simulate the bi-articular muscle. Moreover, to realize dynamic walking with the robot that is considered in this research, it is necessary to control the exact kicking force within 0.2s. Furthermore, joint torque has to respond to the command value in the bandwidth of 30rad/s. Therefore, the kicking-out force is controlled indirectly by controlling the torque of the hip joint such that it satisfied 30rad/s by using the bi-articular muscle.
River ice jams at bridges (2000)

Ice jamming, known to cause high water levels at even moderate river flows, is described as both the main and least understood source of ice-related bridge damages. This paper describes a joint study by the New Brunswick Department of Transportation, the Department of the Environment, local governments, and the National Water Research Institute, designed to address problems associated with the interaction of ice jams and bridges. The study consists of collecting information at each of four sites in New Brunswick including: historical data on ice jam locations, causes, and water levels; channel bathymetry, width and slope within each study centred at the respective bridge; and documentation of ice conditions throughout the ice season, including measurement of ice cover thickness, observation of breakup mechanisms, times, causes, characteristics and possible impacts of ice jam release. Data analysis will include determination of high stages due to ice jams or surges caused by upstream ice jam releases, scour potential of surges, and quantification of the structure's capacity to restrain ice movement and to cause jams. The principal objective of the study is to advance beyond empiricism and to develop rational design criteria for bridges by anticipating the effects of climate changes and by incorporating local meteorological and hydrometric records into bridge design for added safety.
Surface charges on cylindrical polymeric insulators (2012)

Distributions of charges are investigated on surfaces of polymeric cylindrical insulators that emerge due to dc corona discharges in surrounding air and by stressing with dc voltage. The studied model insulator consisted of a glass fiber reinforced epoxy core covered with a sheath of silicone rubber, terminated by metallic electrodes with rounded smooth edges. Surface potential distributions were measured 1 min after completing the charging process by means of a Kelvin electrostatic probe connected to an electrostatic voltmeter. The measured surface potential profiles were utilized to calculate corresponding charge density distributions. The obtained results demonstrated significant differences in the surface charge patterns for different charging conditions, which in turn may affect flashover withstand of the insulator.
Aging studies of evaporated ZnS:Mn alternating-current thin-film electroluminescent devices (1992)

A study of the aging characteristics of evaporated ZnS:Mn alternating-current thin-film electroluminescent (ACTFEL) devices is undertaken by monitoring the capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics at various temperatures as a function of aging time. Short-term ACTFEL aging is characterized by a rigid shift in the C-V curve to higher turn-on voltage with aging time. Additionally, the insulator and phosphor capacitances are found to be independent of aging time, the internal phosphor threshold voltage increases slightly with aging time, and the conduction and polarization charges are observed to decrease with aging time. The activation energy for ACTFEL aging is estimated to be about 0.2 eV. These experimental observations lead to a picture for ACTFEL aging in which atomic rearrangement at insulator/phosphor interfaces gives rise to the formation of deep level, fixed charge states. Transported electrons subsequently trapped in these deep levels reduce the amount of charge available for conduction with a concomitant reduction in the polarization charge. The reduction in the polarization charge is responsible for the observed increase in the turn-on voltage with aging.
Structure and activity of macrocyclic diarylheptanoids isolated from Garuga species (1995)

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