gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Efficient Linearization Scheme for a Digital Polar EDGE Transmitter (2010)

A new linearization scheme is proposed, which compensates for nonlinear distortions experienced in the amplitude-modulation path of a digital polar EDGE transmitter integrated in a 65-nm CMOS transceiver system-on-chip (SoC) based on the Digital RF Processor (DRP) technology. The measured amplitude and phase distortions are stored in lookup tables and used for predistortion without requiring inversion computations, thus achieving significant complexity reduction. Adaptive linear interpolation along with adaptive resolution enhancement provides the desired performance across power levels. With the presented scheme, the transmitter's measured performance significantly exceeds the EDGE specifications with an error vector magnitude (EVM) of typically 3% and a close-in modulated spectrum of -64 dB at a 400-kHz offset from the carrier frequency.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Alkylation of Chiral Glycine Enolate Synthons. The Enantioselective Synthesis of α‐Amino Acid Derivatives. (1989)

Abstract The chiral oxazinones (II), derived from D‐2‐phenylglycinol (I), are treated with sodium hexamethyldisilazide and the halides (III), yielding selectively either the trans‐substituted oxazinones (IV) or the cis‐substituted derivative (VI) depending on the protection group at the nitrogen.
Controlling state explosion in static simulation by selective composition (1999)

Static simulation is a method to compile event driven simulations into a single composite state machine. Code generated based on this does not require the event management overheads of an event driven simulator resulting in significant speedup on this overhead. In this paper we present an implementation of static simulation, highlight the problems of pure static unfolding and suggest methods to control the possibility of state explosion. Specific methods suggested include special schemes for handling lumped delays, selective tracking, unclocking of individual blocks and partial composition.
Microplastics as an emerging threat to terrestrial ecosystems (2017)

Microplastics (plastics <5 mm, including nanoplastics which are <0.1 μm) originate from the fragmentation of large plastic litter or from direct environmental emission. Their potential impacts in terrestrial ecosystems remain largely unexplored despite numerous reported effects on marine organisms. Most plastics arriving in the oceans were produced, used, and often disposed on land. Hence, it is within terrestrial systems that microplastics might first interact with biota eliciting ecologically relevant impacts. This article introduces the pervasive microplastic contamination as a potential agent of global change in terrestrial systems, highlights the physical and chemical nature of the respective observed effects, and discusses the broad toxicity of nanoplastics derived from plastic breakdown. Making relevant links to the fate of microplastics in aquatic continental systems, we here present new insights into the mechanisms of impacts on terrestrial geochemistry, the biophysical environment, and ecotoxicology. Broad changes in continental environments are possible even in particle-rich habitats such as soils. Furthermore, there is a growing body of evidence indicating that microplastics interact with terrestrial organisms that mediate essential ecosystem services and functions, such as soil dwelling invertebrates, terrestrial fungi, and plant-pollinators. Therefore, research is needed to clarify the terrestrial fate and effects of microplastics. We suggest that due to the widespread presence, environmental persistence, and various interactions with continental biota, microplastic pollution might represent an emerging global change threat to terrestrial ecosystems.
Geographic Routing With Limited Information in Sensor Networks (2010)

Geographic routing with greedy relaying strategies are important routing schemes in sensor networks. These schemes assume that the nodes have perfect information about the location of the destination. When the destination is unit distance away, the asymptotic routing delays are Θ(1/M(n)) , where M(n) is the maximum distance traveled in one hop (transmission range). We consider three scenarios where: i) nodes have location errors (imprecise GPS); ii) only coarse geographic information about the destination is available, e.g., the quadrant in which the destination is located; and iii) only a small fraction of the nodes have routing information. In this paper, we show that even with such limited destination-location information, the routing delays are Θ(1/ M(n)) , and validate our analysis with simulations. Finally, we consider the throughput-capacity of networks with progressive routing strategies that take packets closer to the destination in every step, but not necessarily along a straight-line. While such a routing strategy could lead to spatial “hotspots” due to the suboptimal flows nonuniformly loading the network, we show that the effect of hot spots due to progressive routing does not reduce the network throughput-capacity in an order sense, i.e., is order-wise the same as the maximum achievable throughput-capacity.
Impact Ionization and Auger Recombination Rates in Semiconductor Quantum Dots (2010)

Impact ionization and Auger recombination in nanoscale spherical quantum dots (QDs) have been studied theoretically. It is shown that due to the strong quantum confinement of both electrons in the conduction band and holes in the valence band, impact ionization and Auger recombination energies in these QDs can be on the order of a few millielectronvolts when various selection rules are fulfilled, which are much higher than spontaneous radiative emission energies. This explains the experimentally reported high occurrence rates of the multiple exciton generation (MEG) effect in QDs. However, due to quantum confinement, the energy states are discrete in QDs, especially for low-energy states where the densities of states are low. This implies that only a limited number of high-energy electron states can interact with (i.e., impact ionize) low-energy hole states in QDs having certain values of radii due to the energy conservation requirement. This explains the vastly scattered experimental data and difficulties in utilizing the MEG effect in practice.
Color-Doppler Echocardiography Flow Field Velocity Reconstruction Using a Streamfunction -Vorticity Formulation (2018)

We introduce a new method, (Doppler Velocity Reconstruction or DoVeR), for reconstructing two-component velocity fields from color Doppler scans. DoVeR employs the streamfunction-vorticity equation, which satisfies mass conservation while accurately approximating the flow rate of rotation. We validated DoVeR using artificial color Doppler images generated from computational fluid dynamics models of left ventricle (LV) flow. We compare DoVeR against the conventional intraventricular Vector Flow Mapping (iVFM1D) and reformulated iVFM (iVFM2D). LV model error analysis showed DoVeR is more robust to noise and probe placement, with noise RMS errors (nRMSE) between 3.81%-6.67%, while the iVFM methods delivered 4.16%-24.17% for iVFM1D and 4.06%-400.21% for iVFM2D. We test the DoVeR and iVFM methods using in-vivo mouse-LV ultrasound scans. DoVeR yielded more hemodynamically accurate reconstructions, suggesting that it can provide a more reliable approach for robust quantification of cardiac flow.
Advanced concepts for high-power, short-pulse CO2laser development (2016)

Ultra-short pulse lasers are dominated by solid-state technology, which typically operates in the near-infrared. Efforts to extend this technology to longer wavelengths are meeting with some success, but the trend remains that longer wavelengths correlate with greatly reduced power. The carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) laser is capable of delivering high energy, 10 micron wavelength pulses, but the gain structure makes operating in the ultra-short pulse regime difficult. The Naval Research Laboratory and Air Force Research Laboratory are developing a novel CO<sub>2</sub> laser designed to deliver ~1 Joule, ~1 picosecond pulses, from a compact gain volume (~2x2x80 cm). The design is based on injection seeding an unstable resonator, in order to achieve high energy extraction efficiency, and to take advantage of power broadening. The unstable resonator is seeded by a solid state front end, pumped by a custom built titanium sapphire laser matched to the CO<sub>2</sub> laser bandwidth. In order to access a broader range of mid infrared wavelengths using CO<sub>2</sub> lasers, one must consider nonlinear frequency multiplication, which is non-trivial due to the bandwidth of the 10 micron radiation.
Acetylcarnitine treatment increases mitochondrial protein‐lysine acetylation and protein expression (2010)

Myocardial carnitine content of Fischer 344 rats decreases with age and proportionally affects total, free, acyl‐, and acetylcarnitine (ALC). In both adult and elderly hearts, ALC is the major acylcarnitine representing approximately 75% of the acylcarnitine fraction. The carnitine and ALC content of elderly hearts is restored by a single intraperitoneal (IP) injection of ALC (1.28mmol or 260mg/kg body weight) or by oral administration of ALC in drinking water (1.5%) over a two month period. In ALC‐treated rat hearts mitochondrial protein lysine acetylation is increased in both subsarcolemmal and interfibrillar mitochondria as assessed by immunoblotting. Moreover, there are qualitative differences in protein lysine acetylation between SSM and IFM. Furthermore, 2‐DIGE analysis showed that ALC induced changes in protein expression. Thirty one proteins showed a two‐fold or greater change, eight showed an increase and twenty three proteins a decrease. Identification of these proteins will direct our future studies into the mechanism of the physiological effects of acetylcarnitine. Supported in part by POI AG15885 and Sigma‐Tau SpA.
Safety studies on the MTR core of the BER II reactor (1975)

The start-up of the BER-2 reactor with the selective use of either MTR or uranium-zirconiumhydride fuel elements has already been reported on. In this paper, operation at the full power of 5 MW is described, and characteristic operational data are given. Experimental findings and calculations on the safety of the system are presented to show that a failure of the primary pumps does not lead to critical operating conditions. The demands made on the safe operation of the plant in the course of the licensing procedure are satisfactorily met with these findings. (orig./AK)
Introduction to Light Scatter (2009)

This chapter discusses the origins of light scatter and various scatter sources that are commonly observed. Except for the following brief overview, the book is restricted to the measurement and analysis of scatter caused by surface, bulk, and contaminate imperfections, as opposed to scatter from individual molecules, aerosols, and resonance effects such as Raman scattering. Scatter from optically smooth components is treated as diffraction in many cases. For the special case of clean, optically smooth, reflective surfaces, there is a well-defined relationship between the scatter distribution pattern and the two-dimensional surface power spectral density (PSD) function. If the PSD is found from the scatter pattern, it can be manipulated to reveal surface statistics (root-mean-square roughness, etc.) and in some cases insight may be gained into possible improvements in surface finish techniques. A simple example of this technique is given in this chapter and treated in more depth later. Scatter from windows, caused by both bulk and surface imperfections, is also introduced here and examined in more detail later. Although the mechanisms of bulk and particulate scatter do not lend themselves to the quantitative analysis used for surface scatter, they are still strong indicators of component quality, and measurement of the resulting scatter patterns is a viable source of metrology. Scatter measurement is proving to be a useful inspection technique for many applications outside the optics industry. It is proving to be particularly useful in the semiconductor industry in applications varying from the study of polishing to inspection during device manufacturing. Similar applications are found in the computer disk and flat panel display industries. It can be used to detect and map component defects in a variety of materials, including painted surfaces, paper, metallic coatings, and medical implants such as artificial joints and intraocular lenses. Bulk and surface scatter may be separated through the use of special measurement techniques, so it is possible to determine whether or not surface polishing or a better material is required to reduce component scatter.
Expression of the maize GALACTINOL SYNTHASE gene family: (II) Kernel abscission, environmental stress and myo‐inositol influences accumulation of transcript in developing seeds and callus cells (2004)

Accumulation of transcript from three maize ( Zea mays L. inbred line B73) GALACTINOL SYNTHASE ( ZmGOLS ) genes in abscised developing seeds and callus before and after stress was examined. Previous work showed that transcript from ZmGOLS3 predominates during seed development, whereas ZmGOLS2 transcript accumulates when triggered by certain stresses following imbibition. Abscission stimulated accumulation of ZmGOLS transcript in immature kernels. This accumulation was enhanced by increasing durations of dehydration stress. In callus tissue, neither ZmGOLS1 nor ZmGOLS3 was detected regardless of media composition or the nature or duration of the applied stress. Accumulation of ZmGOLS2 transcript in heat‐ or dehydration‐stressed callus was induced by exogenously supplied myo ‐inositol in low amounts but not by sucrose. However, abundance of transcript was a poor indicator of activity of GOLS or amounts of galactinol/raffinose regardless of type of tissue, composition of media, or imposition of stress. Neither were amounts of galactinol/raffinose tightly associated with activity of GOLS nor amounts of myo ‐inositol, despite the ability of exogenously supplied raffinose to maintain the growth of dehydration‐stressed callus. The abundance of ZmGOLS transcript did not increase in response to exogenously supplied abscisic acid.
Supplementary Table S1 from Tumor-Associated Hyaluronan Limits Efficacy of Monoclonal Antibody Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PEGPH20 increased NK-mediated ADCC.&lt;/p&gt;
Optimization of interdigitated back contact silicon heterojunction solar cells by two-dimensional numerical simulation (2009)

In this paper, two-dimensional (2D) simulation of interdigitated back contact silicon heterojunction (IBC-SHJ) solar cells is presented using Sentaurus Device, a software package of Synopsys TCAD. A model is established incorporating a distribution of trap states of amorphous-silicon material and thermionic emission across the amorphous-silicon / crystalline-silicon hetero-interface. The 2D nature of IBC-SHJ device is evaluated and current density-voltage (J-V) curves are generated. Optimization of IBC-SHJ solar cells is then discussed through simulation. It is shown that the open circuit voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">OC</sub> ) and short circuit current density (J <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SC</sub> ) of IBC-SHJ solar cells increase with decreasing front surface recombination velocity. The J <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SC</sub> improves further with the increase of relative coverage of p-type emitter contacts, which is explained by the simulated and measured position dependent laser beam induced current (LBIC) line scan. The S-shaped J-V curves with low fill factor (FF) observed in experiments are also simulated, and three methods to improve FF by modifying the intrinsic a-Si buffer layer are suggested: (i) decreased thickness, (ii) increased conductivity, and (iii) reduced band gap. With all these optimizations, an efficiency of 26% for IBC-SHJ solar cells is potentially achievable.
Development of a system for the laser assisted forming of plate (2001)

Prior work has shown that thermal processing by laser radiation may be used to form plates into relatively complex shapes at sufficient production rates without the need for ancillary tooling. However, the most effective means of obtaining specific shapes by laser assisted forming requires a combination of adaptive sensing and control. This presentation will discuss the continuing development of an integrated system and techniques the authors believe are necessary to achieve shaping of complex components by the laser assisted forming process. Integration of the robotics and laser displacement sensor into the modularized software development strategy is discussed. The three-pronged control system development strategy, which includes investigation of iterative optimization techniques, expert system algorithms, and knowledge base search and interpolation procedures, is outlined. Preliminary finite element analysis and modeling work will also be presented.
A region of homozygous deletion on chromosome 9p21-22 in primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma. (1994)

Using 21 microsatellite polymorphic markers spanning both p and q arms, we have performed detailed deletion mapping on chromosome 9 in 18 primary nasopharyngeal carcinomas. All 18 tumors were informative at multiple loci. Eleven of the 18 cases (61%) demonstrated allelic deletion of chromosome 9. Among these 11, 6 cases are likely to be tumors with monosomy of chromosome 9. The other 5 cases demonstrated partial deletion by showing multiple areas of allelic loss. In one of the 5 cases, a homozygous deletion region was identified which includes D9S126, D9S171, and IFNA loci at 9p21-22, situated between loci D9S161 (9p21) and D9S162 (9p21-22). The presence of a homozygous deletion strongly suggests the presence of tumor suppressor gene(s) involved in the tumorigenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The same region has been reported to include some potential tumor suppressor gene loci in other cancers. This is the first reported finding of frequent genetic loss observed on chromosome 9 in nasopharyngeal carcinomas in addition to allelic loss on chromosome 3p at specific regions. Our results suggest that tumorigenesis and progression of nasopharyngeal carcinomas, like other solid tumors, involves multiple genetic changes associated with the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes.
Comparative transcriptomics indicates endogenous differences in detoxification capacity after formic acid treatment between honey bees and varroa mites (2020)

Formic acid (FA) has been used for decades to control Varroa destructor, one of the most important parasites of the western honey bee, Apis mellifera. The rather unselective molecular mode of action of FA and its possible effects on honeybees have long been a concern of beekeepers, as it has undesirable side effects that affect the health of bee colonies. This study focuses on short-term transcriptomic changes as analysed by RNAseq in both larval and adult honey bees and in mites after FA treatment under applied conditions. Our study aims to identify those genes in honey bees and varroa mites differentially expressed upon a typical FA hive exposure scenario. Five detoxification-related genes were identified with significantly enhanced and one gene with significantly decreased expression under FA exposure. Regulated genes in our test setting included members of various cytochrome P450 subfamilies, a flavin-dependent monooxygenase and a cytosolic 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (FDH), known to be involved in formate metabolism in mammals. We were able to detect differences in the regulation of detoxification-associated genes between mites and honey bees as well as between the two different developmental stages of the honey bee. Additionally, we detected repressed regulation of Varroa genes involved in cellular respiration, suggesting mitochondrial dysfunction and supporting the current view on the mode of action of FA-inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation. This study shows distinct cellular effects induced by FA on the global transcriptome of both host and parasite in comparison. Our expression data might help to identify possible differences in the affected metabolic pathways and thus make a first contribution to elucidate the mode of detoxification of FA.
Supplementary Figure Legends from Acquired Resistance to Dasatinib in Lung Cancer Cell Lines Conferred by <i>DDR2</i> Gatekeeper Mutation and <i>NF1</i> Loss (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF - 69KB.&lt;/p&gt;
Electrochemical Study of the Mechanism of Ag(W) Electroless Deposition (2006)

We present an electrochemical study of the mechanism of silver-tungsten, AgW, thin film electroless deposition from the solutions that are used for micro-systems-metallization applications. AgW electroless films were deposited on palladiumactivated surface of thin silicon dioxide layers on silicon substrates from ammonia-acetic or benzoate silver complex based solutions at room temperature using hydrazine hydrate as a reducing agent. These solution compositions have been investigated. The adsorption mechanism of tungsten incorporation into Ag coating on the positively charged silver surface was proposed and its co-deposition with silver due to interfacial catalytic interaction between tungsten and silver ions in form of Ag 2 W 2 O 7 was shown. The kinetics of the AgW electroless deposition process was analyzed by mixed potential theory. It was shown that the anodic charge-transfer reaction for ammonia-acetic solution and the diffusion of reduced silver ions to substrate for benzoate complex have controlled this process.
Progress in Developing a New 5 Kilowatt Free-Piston Stirling Space Convertor (2008)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Henry W. Brandhorst, Raymond L. Kirby, Peter A. Chapman; Progress in Developing a New 5 Kilowatt Free‐Piston Stirling Space Convertor. AIP Conf. Proc. 21 January 2008; 969 (1): 602–608. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2845020 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
The 2019 materials by design roadmap (2018)

Advances in renewable and sustainable energy technologies critically depend on our ability to design and realize materials with optimal properties. Materials discovery and design efforts ideally involve close coupling between materials prediction, synthesis and characterization. The increased use of computational tools, the generation of materials databases, and advances in experimental methods have substantially accelerated these activities. It is therefore an opportune time to consider future prospects for materials by design approaches. The purpose of this Roadmap is to present an overview of the current state of computational materials prediction, synthesis and characterization approaches, materials design needs for various technologies, and future challenges and opportunities that must be addressed. The various perspectives cover topics on computational techniques, validation, materials databases, materials informatics, high-throughput combinatorial methods, advanced characterization approaches, and materials design issues in thermoelectrics, photovoltaics, solid state lighting, catalysts, batteries, metal alloys, complex oxides and transparent conducting materials. It is our hope that this Roadmap will guide researchers and funding agencies in identifying new prospects for materials design.