gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Controlled synthesis of 2D MX2 (M = Mo, W; X = S, Se) heterostructures and alloys (2018)

The advent of two-dimensional materials and van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures has been a boon for the nanoscience community, enabling the fabrication of nanostructures with atomic-scale precision, resulting in high performance opto-electronic devices. Yet, while vdW heterostructures have been widely studied, their fabrication remains rudimentary, relying upon physical stacking and ad hoc collections of recipes, rather than a rational framework. Here, we report our work on the synthesis of vdW heterostructures and monolayer alloys of MoS2-WS2 and MoSe2-WSe2 and the creation of a unifying, diagrammatic approach to heterostructure growth in these materials systems, which we call Time-Temperature-Architecture (TTA) diagrams. We demonstrate the temperature tunable synthesis of in-plane, vertical, and hybrid heterostructures, as well as monolayer alloys within the MoS2-WS2 and MoSe2-WSe2 systems. We use the TTA framework to add previously unexplored entries to this collection: the first ever single-step growth of MoSe2-WSe2 vertical heterostructures and Mo1-xWxSe2 alloys, and a new MoS2-WS2 hybrid architecture that combines the morphologies of both vertical and in-plane heterostructures. The TTA diagrams are a simple framework for vdW heterostructure and alloy growth, which we believe will be crucial, and enable further work on heterostructures and alloys of MoS2-WS2 and MoSe2-WSe2.
Diagnostics, Prognostics, Reliability, EMC, and Other Topics Related to HEVs (2011)

Diagnostic and prognostics are important issues in any vehicle, since sooner or later any vehicle, whether conventional, hybrid, or pure electric, will have some sort of problem or failure, and it is important to find the causes and remedy those. Modern conventional automobiles have onboard diagnostic functions which can give some amount of diagnostics, but not prognostics. Diagnostics can be at several levels. These issues, along with on board diagnostics OBD II are discussed and related to HEV applications. Prognostics, i.e. issues involving prediction of a problem before it happens, are discussed. In connection with HEV or EV, components which impact the diagnostic and prognostic, e.g. battery, power electronics, and electric motor, are considered. Another important issue, system level reliability, which is not considered in HEV books in general, is included here in reasonable depth, and method for quantifying system level reliability is illustrated. Additional items of importance like EMC (Electro-Magnetic Compatibility) which can affect proper operation in HEV or EV is discussed. A brief discussion on noise and vibration related to integrity of HEV due to frequent stop and go and other reasons is also included. The chapter ends with a discussion of complete life cycle viewpoint of HEV or EV, and overall life cycle management.
Effect of aging on regional cerebral blood flow responses associated with osmotic thirst and its satiation by water drinking: A PET study (2007)

Levels of thirst and ad libitum drinking decrease with advancing age, making older people vulnerable to dehydration. This study investigated age-related changes in brain responses to thirst and drinking in healthy men. Thirst was induced with hypertonic infusions (3.1 ml/kg 0.51M NaCl) in young (Y) and older (O) subjects. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured with positron emission tomography (PET). Thirst activations were identified by correlating rCBF with thirst ratings. Average rCBF was measured from regions of interest (ROI) corresponding to activation clusters in each group. The effects of drinking were examined by correlating volume of water drunk with changes in ROI rCBF from maximum thirst to postdrinking. There were increases in blood osmolality (Y, 2.8 +/- 1.8%; O, 2.2 +/- 1.4%) and thirst ratings (Y, 3.1 +/- 2.1; O, 3.7 +/- 2.8) from baseline to the end of the hypertonic infusion. Older subjects drank less water (1.9 +/- 1.6 ml/kg) than younger subjects (3.9 +/- 1.9 ml/kg). Thirst-related activation was evident in S1/M1, prefrontal cortex, anterior midcingulate cortex (aMCC), premotor cortex, and superior temporal gyrus in both groups. Postdrinking changes of rCBF in the aMCC correlated with drinking volumes in both groups. There was a greater reduction in aMCC rCBF relative to water drunk in the older group. Aging is associated with changes in satiation that militate against adequate hydration in response to hyperosmolarity, although it is unclear whether these alterations are due to changes in primary afferent inflow or higher cortical functioning.
Bifunctional Properties of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ1 in KDR Gene Regulation Mediated via Interaction With Both Sp1 and Sp3 (2004)

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (KDR) plays a critical role in mediating a variety of vasculogenic and angiogenic processes, including diabetic retinopathy. We previously demonstrated that the promoter activity of the KDR gene in retinal capillary endothelial cells (RCECs) was regulated in part by the relative concentration of positive/negative transcription factors Sp1/Sp3. We also reported that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma ligand could inhibit intraocular angiogenesis. In the present study, the role of PPARgamma1 in KDR gene regulation in RCECs was examined. PPARgamma1 protein physically interacted with both Sp1 and Sp3. Transactivation and electrophoretic mobility shift assays clearly demonstrated novel findings that PPARgamma1 increased KDR promoter activity by enhancing the interaction between Sp1, but not Sp3, and KDR promoter region without its ligand in RCECs. The ligand-binding site but not the DNA binding site of PPARgamma1 enhanced the interaction between Sp1 and KDR promoter region. Conversely, PPARgamma1 ligand 15-deoxy Delta (12,14)-prostaglandin J2 dose-dependently suppressed the binding of KDR promoter region with both Sp1 and Sp3, resulting an inhibition of KDR gene expression. In conclusion, PPARgamma1 has bifunctional properties in the regulation of KDR gene expression mediated via interaction with both Sp1 and Sp3.
Can dendritic cells see light? (2010)

There are many reports showing that low-level light/laser therapy (LLLT) can enhance wound healing, upregulate cell proliferation and has anti-apoptotic effects by activating intracellular protective genes. In the field of immune response study, it is not known with any certainty whether light/laser is proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory. Increasingly in recent times dendritic cells have been found to play an important role in inflammation and the immunological response. In this study, we try to look at the impact of low level near infrared light (810-nm) on murine bone-marrow derived dendritic cells. Changes in surface markers, including MHC II, CD80 and CD11c and the secretion of interleukins induced by light may provide additional evidence to reveal the mystery of how light affects the maturation of dendritic cells as well how these light-induced mature dendritic cells would affect the activation of adaptive immune response.
Scalable 1.4 μW cryo-CMOS SP4T multiplexer operating at 10 mK for high-fidelity superconducting qubit measurements (2022)

In this work, we report on the electrical performance of an ultra-low-power cryo-CMOS single-pole-4-throw (SP4T) RF multiplexer working at 10 mK base temperature stage of a dilution refrigerator. We use the multiplexer to benchmark a superconducting qubit for the very first time and obtain qubit coherence times of over 35 μs along with an average single-qubit gate fidelity of 99.93%, which exceeds the threshold required for quantum error-correction based on surface-code. This work demonstrates the operability of superconducting qubits with ultra-low-power cryo-CMOS devices at the base temperature, paving the way for advanced co-integration schemes.
Environmental Cracking Susceptibility of Low-Alloy Steels Under a High H2S Pressure and High-Temperature Sour Environment (2017)

Environmental cracking (EC) susceptibility of low-alloy steels with a specified minimum yield strength of 655 MPa (95 ksi) and 758 MPa (110 ksi) manufactured by quenching and tempering heat treatments was investigated in high H2S partial pressures (more than 1.0 MPa) using four-point bend tests in autoclaves. The H2S partial pressures and testing temperatures varied from 1.0 MPa to 10 MPa and 24°C to 150°C, respectively. Materials of grades 95 ksi and 110 ksi containing high Cr and Mo showed no macrocracking under all tested conditions. Localized corrosion occurred at several locations after exposure for 1 month under high H2S pressure and high-temperature conditions. It was concluded that the localized corrosion did not form macrocracking even after long-term (3 months) immersion tests. On the other hand, 110 ksi grade material containing low Cr and Mo suffered from sulfide stress cracking at low temperatures (below 66°C) and at an H2S pressure of 1.0 MPa. The material also showed EC at an H2S pressure of 10 MPa and temperature from 107°C to 150°C. The difference of EC susceptibility among the materials is discussed based on corrosion reactions, hydrogen absorption, and morphologies of the corrosion products on the steel surface.
A Semi-Blind MIMO Channel Estimation Scheme for MRT (2006)

We investigate semi-blind channel estimation for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) quasi-static flat fading channels when maximum ratio transmission (MRT) is employed. We propose a closed-form semi-blind solution (CFSB) for estimating the optimum transmit and receive beamforming vectors of the channel matrix. Employing matrix perturbation theory, we develop expressions for the mean squared error (MSE) in the beamforming vector and average received SNR of both the semi-blind and the conventional least squares estimation (CLSE) schemes. It is found that the proposed estimation technique outperforms CLSE for a wide range of training lengths and training SNRs.
Sensorless control of a SRM at low speeds and standstill based on signal power evaluation (2002)

The switched reluctance motor (SRM) has gained considerable attention mainly because of its low production costs, which result from its simple structure. To increase its simplicity further, research has been done to replace the regular control, which needs a position sensor, with sensorless control. To date most papers on the sensorless control of a SRM have dealt with the running machine and little attention has been paid to very low speeds or standstill. This paper presents a method which is designed to estimate the rotor position at low speeds and at standstill. The method uses a sinusoidal high frequency (600 Hz) current signal which can be injected into the motor by the converter. The voltage signal which depends on the rotor position is measured and its signal power is evaluated. Thus the rotor position can be estimated. Practical results are presented demonstrating the feasibility and accuracy of this method.
Telomerase Inhibitors from Cyanobacteria: Isolation and Synthesis of Sulfoquinovosyl Diacylglycerols from Microcystis aeruguinosa PCC 7806 (2013)

By using the Telospot assay, 27 different extracts of cyanobacteria were evaluated for telomerase inhibition. All extracts showed varying, but significant activity. We selected Microcystis aeruguinosa PCC 7806 to identify the active compound and a bioassay guided fractionation led us to isolate mixtures of sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerols (SQDGs), which were identified by 2D NMR and MS/MS experiments. Pure SQDG derivatives were then synthesized. The IC(50) values of pure synthetic sulfoquinovosyl dipalmitoylglycerol and the monopalmitoylated derivative against telomerase were determined to be 17 and 40 μM, respectively. A structure-activity relationship study allowed the identification of compounds with modified lipophilic acyl groups that display improved activity.
A perspective on zeolite synthesis : how do you know what you'll get ? (1995)

The answer to date is that you can't guarantee what you're going to get in a new reaction. From one view researchers find this frustrating, but from an other, this is half the fun !In this discussion we explore what the guidelines might be in aluminosilicate zeolite syntheses. We do not comment on the fun
Adversarial Examples for Deep Learning Cyber Security Analytics. (2019)

As advances in Deep Neural Networks demonstrate unprecedented levels of performance in many critical applications, their vulnerability to attacks is still an open question. Adversarial examples are small modifications of legitimate data points, resulting in mis-classification at testing time. As Deep Neural Networks found a wide range of applications to cyber security analytics, it becomes important to study the robustness of these models in this setting. We consider adversarial testing-time attacks against Deep Learning models designed for cyber security applications. In security applications, machine learning models are not typically trained directly on the raw network traffic or security logs, but on intermediate features defined by domain experts. Existing attacks applied directly to the intermediate feature representation result in violation of feature constraints, leading to invalid adversarial examples. We propose a general framework for crafting adversarial attacks that takes into consideration the mathematical dependencies between intermediate features in model input vector, as well as physical constraints imposed by the applications. We apply our methods on two security applications, a malicious connection and a malicious domain classifier, to generate feasible adversarial examples in these domains. We show that with minimal effort (e.g., generating 12 network connections), an attacker can change the prediction of a model from Malicious to Benign. We extensively evaluate the success of our attacks, and how they depend on several optimization objectives and imbalance ratios in the training data.
Measuring Support Reactions in a Composite Model Bridge Using Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing (2023)

This paper investigates the potential of using distributed fiber optic sensing (DFOS) to evaluate load distribution and support reactions within a statically indeterminate structure. A multibeam two-span composite model bridge was built and instrumented with DFOS. Three different loading scenarios (full width, concentrated, and offset) and two different slab thicknesses were used to investigate their impact on load distribution and reactions forces. Disturbed regions near the supports meant that shear forces, and thus reactions, could not be measured in this region and thus had to be extrapolated. Two extrapolation techniques (linear and second order) were developed and evaluated using a grillage model. The second-order fitting technique provided more accurate reaction forces for the grillage model and was then used with the distributed strain data from the model bridge to estimate the reactions. Challenges associated with the scale of the experiment were identified that should result in better performance on full-scale structures.
Status of not-in-kind refrigeration technologies for household space conditioning, water heating and food refrigeration (2012)

This paper presents a review of the next generation not-in-kind technologies to replace conventional vapor compression refrigeration technology for household applications. Such technologies are sought to provide energy savings or other environmental benefits for space conditioning, water heating and refrigeration for domestic use. These alternative technologies include: thermoacoustic refrigeration, thermoelectric refrigeration, thermotunneling, magnetic refrigeration, Stirling cycle refrigeration, pulse tube refrigeration, Malone cycle refrigeration, absorption refrigeration, adsorption refrigeration, and compressor driven metal hydride heat pumps. Furthermore, heat pump water heating and integrated heat pump systems are also discussed due to their significant energy saving potential for water heating and space conditioning in households. The paper provides a snapshot of the future R&D needs for each of the technologies along with the associated barriers. Both thermoelectric and magnetic technologies look relatively attractive due to recent developments in the materials and prototypes being manufactured.
骨骼肌来源的细胞在骨和软骨组织修复与再生中的应用 (2013)

目前,骨科领域关节利用组织工程技术促进骨和软骨组织再生的研究发展很快.有多种不同组织来源的细胞可被利用作为骨和软骨组织工程的种子细胞,如骨髓基质干细胞(bone marrow stromal cells,BMSCs)[1]、脂肪干细胞(adipose-derived stem cells,ADSCs)[2]、皮肤成纤维细胞(fibroblasts)[3]、诱导多能干细胞(induced pluripotent stem cells)[4]、关节滑膜细胞[5]、骨骼肌细胞[6]等.本文就近年来国际上应用骨骼肌来源的细胞修复骨和软骨缺损的研究进行综述,并对其应用存在的问题和将来的发展方向予以讨论。
UGraSP: A unified framework for activity recognition and person identification using graph signal processing (2015)

With the growing availability and wide distribution of low-cost, high-performance 3D imaging sensors, the image analysis community has witnessed an increased demand for solutions to the challenges of activity recognition and person identification. We propose an integrated framework, based on graph signal processing, that simultaneously performs both tasks using a single set of features. The novelty of our approach is based on the fact that the set of features used for activity recognition accommodates person identification without additional computation. The analysis is based on the extracted structure-invariant graph (skeleton). The Laplacian of the skeleton is used both to identify the person and recognize the performed activity. While person identification is achieved directly from the analysis of the Laplacian, activity recognition is obtained after transformation, into the graph spectral domain, of the vectorized form of the skeletal joints 3D coordinates. Feature vectors for activity recognition are then derived, in this domain, from the covariance matrices evaluated over fixed-length sequential video segments. Both classification tasks are implemented using linear support vector machines (SVM). When applied to real activity datasets, our approach shows an improved performance over the existing state-of-the-art.
Phase behavior of poly(butylene terephthalate)/polyarylate blends (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhase behavior of poly(butylene terephthalate)/polyarylate blendsJ. P. Runt, X. Zhang, D. M. Miley, K. P. Gallagher, and A. ZhangCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 15, 3902–3905Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00041a012RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views169Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (471 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Lymph node microscopic tumor burden quantified in vivo with dual tracer receptor-targeted imaging (2014)

A non-invasive fluorescence imaging approach is presented to quantify metastatic tumor burden in lymph nodes. The approach employs dual-tracer kinetic modeling to estimate concentrations of cancer-specific molecular markers.
Engineering diversity into dynamic combinatorial libraries by use of a small flexible building block (1998)

Oligomerization of preorganized cinchona and xanthene building blocks to produce dynamic combinatorial libraries results in libraries with only a few components. Diversity is generated by the addition of semi-flexible ephedrine and cholate building blocks.
Intensity Calibration of a MCT-APD Sensor for a Flash Lidar System (2019)

Flash LiDARs have been described as key components for future space missions including rover operations and the descent and landing of spacecraft. The system records full 3D-images along with 2D intensity images with a single laser pulse, thus eliminating the need for a scanning device. There is a vast literature and well-established techniques concerning radiometric calibration (2D information). However, the illumination of the target is usually considered uniform, which is not the case for increasingly larger focal plane arrays (FPA). In this article we propose a intensity calibration scheme for CEA-LETIs LiDAR prototype in order to compensate the nonuniform illumination of the target and present the first enhanced results based on data acquired under laboratory conditions.
Genetic Fusion of an Anti-BclA Single-Domain Antibody with Beta Galactosidase (2018)

The Bacillus collagen-like protein of anthracis (BclA), found in <i>Bacillus anthracis</i> spores, is an attractive target for immunoassays. Previously, using phage display we had selected llama-derived single-domain antibodies that bound to <i>B. anthracis</i> spore proteins including BclA. Single-domain antibodies (sdAbs), the recombinantly expressed heavy domains from the unique heavy-chain-only antibodies found in camelids, provide stable and well-expressed binding elements with excellent affinity. In addition, sdAbs offer the important advantage that they can be tailored for specific applications through protein engineering. A fusion of a BclA targeting sdAb with the enzyme Beta galactosidase (β-gal) would enable highly sensitive immunoassays with no need for a secondary reagent. First, we evaluated five anti-BclA sdAbs, including four that had been previously identified but not characterized. Each was tested to determine its binding affinity, melting temperature, producibility, and ability to function as both capture and reporter in sandwich assays for BclA. The sdAb with the best combination of properties was constructed as a fusion with β-gal and shown to enable sensitive detection. This fusion has the potential to be incorporated into highly sensitive assays for the detection of anthrax spores.
Purification and Characterization of Thermostable Maltooligosyl Trehalose Trehalohydrolase from the Thermoacidophilic ArchaebacteriumSulfolobus acidocaldarius (1996)

A thermostable maltooligosyl trehalose trehalohydrolase from the thermoacidophilic archaebacterium Sulfolobus acidocaldarius ATCC 33909 was purified from a cell-free extract to an electrophoretically pure state by successive column chromatographies on Sepabeads FP-DA13, Butyl-Toyopearl 650M, DEAE-Toyopearl 650S, Toyopearl HW-55S and Ultrogel AcA44. The enzyme had a molecular mass of 59,000 by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and a pI of 6.1 by gel isoelectrofocusing. The N-terminal amino acid of the enzyme was methionine. The enzyme showed the highest activity from pH 5.5 to 6.0 and at 75 degrees C, and was stable from pH 5.5 to 9.5 and up to 85 degrees C. The activity was inhibited by Hg2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+. The Km values of the enzyme for maltosyl trehalose, maltotriosyl trehalose, maltotetraosyl trehalose, and maltopentaosyl trehalose were 16.7 mM, 2.7 mM, 3.7 mM, and 4.9 mM, respectively.
Front Matter: Volume 8664 (2013)

This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 8664, including the Title Page, Copyright Information, Table of Contents, Introduction, and Conference Committee listing.