gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interchange between monolayers on gold formed from unsymmetrical disulfides and solutions of thiols: evidence for sulfur-sulfur bond cleavage by gold metal (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInterchange between monolayers on gold formed from unsymmetrical disulfides and solutions of thiols: evidence for sulfur-sulfur bond cleavage by gold metalHans A. Biebuyck and George M. WhitesidesCite this: Langmuir 1993, 9, 7, 1766–1770Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00031a025https://doi.org/10.1021/la00031a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views898Altmetric-Citations162LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tyrosine kinase receptor TIE-1 mediates platinum resistance by promoting nucleotide excision repair in ovarian cancer (2018)

Platinum resistance is one of the most challenging problems in ovarian cancer treatment. High-throughput functional siRNA screening identified tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin-like and EGF-like domains 1 (TIE-1) as a gene that confers cells resistant to cisplatin. Conversely enforced over-expression of TIE-1 was validated to decrease cisplatin sensitivity in multiple ovarian cancer cell lines and up-regulation of TIE-1 was correlated with poor prognosis and cisplatin resistance in patients with ovarian cancer. Mechanistically, TIE-1 up-regulates the nucleotide excision repair (NER) system mediated by xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC), thereby leading to decreased susceptibility to cisplatin-induced cell death without affecting cisplatin uptake and excretion. Importantly potentiation of therapeutic efficacy by TIE-1 inhibition was selective to DNA-adduct-type chemotherapeutic platinum reagents. Therefore, TIE-1 is suggested to promote XPC-dependent NER, rendering ovarian cancer cells resistant to platinum. Accompanied with novel findings, TIE-1 could represent as a novel therapeutic target for platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.
Simulation of countrate performance for a PET scanner with partial collimation (2005)

We present a simulation study of the countrate performance of a PET scanner with partial collimation. In this study, partial collimation is achieved by removal of every other septum from the standard 2D septa set for the GE Advance PET scanner. System behavior is evaluated with a photon tracking simulation package (SimSET) and calibrated to measured data for 2D and fully-3D acquisition modes using the NEMA NU-2 countrate phantom. Results are evaluated in terms of true, scattered, and random coincidences and noise equivalent counts (NEC) regarding both counts per image plane and total counts as a function of activity. Our results show a good agreement between the measured and simulated count rates for the Advance PET scanner for the 2D (full collimation) and fully-3D (no collimation) acquisition modes, increasing our confidence in the predicted countrate results for the partial collimation mode. The latter results in a countrate performance intermediate between the 2D and fully-3D acquisition modes and yields a more favorable countrate performance for clinical activity levels.
Design, Synthesis, In Vitro Anticancer Evaluation and Molecular Modelling Studies of 3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenyl-Based Derivatives as Dual EGFR/HDAC Hybrid Inhibitors (2021)

Recently, combining histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors with chemotherapeutic drugs or agents, in particular epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors, is considered to be one of the most encouraging strategy to enhance the efficacy of the antineoplastic agents and decrease or avoid drug resistance. Therefore, in this work, based on introducing 3,4,5-trimethoxy phenyl group as a part of the CAP moiety, in addition to incorporating 4-6 aliphatic carbons linker and using COOH or hydroxamic acid as ZBG, 12 novel EGFR/HDAC hybrid inhibitors <b>2a</b>-<b>c</b>, <b>3a</b>-<b>c</b>, <b>4a</b>-<b>c</b> and <b>5a</b>-<b>c</b> were designed, constructed, and evaluated for their anticancer activities against 4 cancer cell lines (HepG2, MCF-7, HCT116 and A549). Among all, hybrids with hydroxamic acid <b>4a</b>-<b>c</b> and <b>5a</b>, exhibited the highest inhibition against all cancer cell lines with IC<sub>50</sub> ranging from 0.536 to 4.892 μM compared to Vorinostat (SAHA) with IC<sub>50</sub> ranging from 2.43 to 3.63 μM and Gefitinib with IC<sub>50</sub> ranging from 1.439 to 3.366 μM. Mechanistically, the most potent hybrids <b>4a</b>-<b>c</b> and <b>5a</b> were further tested for their EGFR and HDACs inhibitory activities. The findings disclosed that hybrid <b>4b</b> displayed IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.063 µM on the target EGFR enzyme which is slightly less potent than the standard Staurosporine (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.044 µM). Furthermore, hybrid <b>4b</b> showed less HDAC inhibitory activity IC<sub>50</sub> against HDAC1 (0.148), 2 (0.168), 4 (5.852), 6 (0.06) and 8 (2.257) than SAHA. In addition, the investigation of apoptotic action of the most potent hybrid <b>4b</b> showed a significant increase in Bax level up to 3.75-folds, with down-regulation in Bcl2 to 0.42-fold, compared to the control. Furthermore, hybrid <b>4b</b> displayed an increase in the levels of Caspases 3 and 8 by 5.1 and 3.15 folds, respectively. Additionally, the cell cycle analysis of hybrid <b>4b</b> revealed that it showed programmed cell death and cell cycle arrest at G1/S phase. Moreover, all these outcomes together with the molecular docking study recommended the rationalized target hybrids <b>4a</b>-<b>c</b> and <b>5a</b>, particularly <b>4b</b>, may be considered to be promising lead candidates for discovery of novel anticancer agents via dual inhibition of both EGFR/HDAC enzymes.
Fabrication of p–i–n devices consisting of ZnO quantum dots embedded in Ga2ZnO4film (2014)

ZnO films have been prepared at substrate temperatures of 125 to 200 °C by chemical vapor deposition with a precursor of Zn4O(CH3COO)6. As the substrate temperature decreases, the grain size of ZnO crystals decreases. From transmission electron microscopic observations, the film grown at 125 °C is found to be constructed from ZnO quantum dots with a diameter of ca. 5 nm. Ultraviolet emissions are seen at 367, 375, 380, and 384 nm in photoluminescence spectra of the ZnO films grown at 125, 150, 175, and 200 °C, respectively. The blue shift of the ultraviolet emissions is ascribed to the quantum confinement effect. After the deposition of a Ga2ZnO4 film with a thickness of 20 nm on the ZnO QD film grown at 125 °C, a visible emission disappears and the ultraviolet emission intensity significantly increases. Such an increase is due to the partial embedding of ZnO QDs in Ga2ZnO4 films. The insertion of the ZnO QD films in the p–i–n devices constructed from In1.8Zn0.2O3/InGaZnO4/Ga2ZnO4/Ni0.7Zn0.3O/Ni does not improve their rectification properties, and electroluminescence is not observed in these devices at forward voltages of 10 V or more.
The general unrestrained brachistochrone (1988)

The general unrestrained brachistochrone problem is to find the frictionless track between two points in a uniform gravitational field along which a particle with initial velocity will slide in the shortest time. Particularly important is the condition that the particle remain in contact with the track, even though it is unrestrained to the track. That is, the particle must slide along the track like a block on an inclined plane, not like a bead on a wire. Because of the unusual nature of the constraints, the techniques of Euler and Lagrange cannot be applied to this problem as it stands; a solution is presented here that does not rely on such an approach. The conditions imposed by the initial and final positions and velocities fall into our four classes, each having a unique form of solution, consisting of sections of free-fall parabolas and cycloids.
Evaluation of Large Scale Scene Reconstruction (2007)

We present an evaluation methodology and data for large scale video-based 3D reconstruction. We evaluate the effects of several parameters and draw conclusions that can be useful for practical systems operating in uncontrolled environments. Unlike the benchmark datasets used for the binocular stereo and multi-view reconstruction evaluations, which were collected under well-controlled conditions, our datasets are captured outdoors using video cameras mounted on a moving vehicle. As a result, the videos are much more realistic and include phenomena such as exposure changes from viewing both bright and dim surfaces, objects at varying distances from the camera, and objects of varying size and degrees of texture. The dataset includes ground truth models and precise camera pose information. We also present an evaluation methodology applicable to reconstructions of large scale environments. We evaluate the accuracy and completeness of reconstructions obtained by two fast, visibility-based depth map fusion algorithms as parameters vary.
Efficacy of Novel Pyrazolone Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors in Experimental Mouse Models of Trypanosoma cruzi (2020)

Pyrazolones are heterocyclic compounds with interesting biological properties. Some derivatives inhibit phosphodiesterases (PDEs) and thereby increase the cellular concentration of cyclic AMP (cAMP), which plays a vital role in the control of metabolism in eukaryotic cells, including the protozoan <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>, the etiological agent of Chagas disease (CD), a major neglected tropical disease. <i>In vitro</i> phenotypic screening identified a 4-bromophenyl-dihydropyrazole dimer as an anti-<i>T. cruzi</i> hit and 17 novel pyrazolone analogues with variations on the phenyl ring were investigated in a panel of phenotypic laboratory models. Potent activity against the intracellular forms (Tulahuen and Y strains) was obtained with 50% effective concentration (EC<sub>50</sub>) values within the 0.17 to 3.3 μM range. Although most were not active against bloodstream trypomastigotes, an altered morphology and loss of infectivity were observed. Pretreatment of the mammalian host cells with pyrazolones did not interfere with infection and proliferation, showing that the drug activity was not the result of changes to host cell metabolism. The pyrazolone NPD-227 increased the intracellular cAMP levels and was able to sterilize <i>T. cruzi</i>-infected cell cultures. Thus, due to its high potency and selectivity <i>in vitro</i>, and its additive interaction with benznidazole (Bz), NPD-227 was next assessed in the acute mouse model. Oral dosing for 5 days of NPD-227 at 10 mg/kg + Bz at 10 mg/kg not only reduced parasitemia (>87%) but also protected against mortality (>83% survival), hence demonstrating superiority to the monotherapy schemes. These data support these pyrazolone molecules as potential novel therapeutic alternatives for Chagas disease.
Low-delay peer-to-peer streaming using scalable video coding (2007)

Peer-to-peer (P2P) networks represent a valuable architecture for streaming video over the Internet. In these systems, users contribute their resources to relay the media to others and no dedicated infrastructure is required. In order to ensure a low end-to-end delay, P2P overlay networks are often organized as a set of complementary multicast trees. The source of the stream multiplexes the data on top of these trees and the routing of packets is statically defined. In this scenario, the reliability of the overlay links is critical for the performance of the system since temporary link failure or network congestion can cause a significant disruption of the end-user quality. The novel Scalable Video Coding (SVC) standard enables efficient usage of the network capacity by allowing intermediate high capacity nodes in the overlay network to dynamically extract layers from the scalable bit stream to serve less capable peers. On the other hand, SVC incurs a certain loss in terms of coding efficiency with respect to H.264/AVC single-layer coding. We propose a simple model that allows to evaluate the trade-off of using a scalable codec with respect to single-layer coding, given the distribution of the receivers’ capacities in an error-free network. We also report experimental results obtained by using SVC on top of a real-time implementation of the Stanford Peer-to-Peer Multicast (SPPM) protocol that clearly show the benefits of a prioritization mechanism to react to network congestion.
ICAM-1 Has a Critical Role in the Regulation of Metastatic Melanoma Tumor Susceptibility to CTL Lysis by Interfering with PI3K/AKT Pathway (2008)

Human primary melanoma cells (T1) were found to be more susceptible to lysis by a Melan-A/MART-1-specific CTL clone (LT12) than their metastatic derivative (G1). We show that this differential susceptibility does not involve antigen presentation by target cells, synapse formation between the metastatic target and CTL clone, or subsequent granzyme B (GrB) polarization. Although PI-9, an inhibitor of GrB, was found to be overexpressed in metastatic G1 cells, knockdown of the PI-9 gene did not result in the attenuation of G1 resistance to CTL-induced killing. Interestingly, we show that whereas T1 cells express high levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), a dramatically reduced expression was noted on G1 cells. We also showed that sorted ICAM-1+ G1 cells were highly sensitive to CTL-induced lysis compared with ICAM-1- G1 cells. Furthermore, incubation of metastatic G1 cells with IFN-gamma resulted in the induction of ICAM-1 and the potentiation of their susceptibility to lysis by LT12. More importantly, we found that the level of ICAM-1 expression by melanoma cells correlated with decreased PTEN activity. ICAM-1 knockdown in T1 cells resulted in increased phosphorylation of PTEN and the subsequent activation of AKT. We have additionally shown that inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-triphosphate kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway by the specific inhibitor wortmannin induced a significant potentiation of susceptibility of G1 and ICAM-1 small interfering RNA-treated T1 cells to CTL-induced lysis. The present study shows that a shift in ICAM-1 expression, which was associated with an activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway, can be used by metastatic melanoma cells to escape CTL-mediated killing.
Mechanical force sensors using organic thin-film transistors (2005)

The pressure dependence of pentacene (C22H14) transistors with solution-processed polyvinylphenol gate dielectric on glass substrates is investigated by applying uniaxial mechanical pressure with a needle. We found that organic thin-film transistors are sensitive to applied pressure inherently. The measurements reveal a reversible current dependence of the transfer characteristics where the drain current is switching between two states. Experimental and simulation results suggest that switch-on voltage and interface resistance are affected. The change takes seconds, hinting at trap states being responsible for the effect.
DetNet Data Plane Protocol and Solution Alternatives (2016)

This document identifies existing IP and MPLS, and other
encapsulations that run over IP and/or MPLS data plane technologies
that can be considered as the base line solution for deterministic
networking data plane definition.
Improvement of EUV Si hardmask performance through wet chemistry functionalization (2020)

In EUV lithography, spin-on silicon hardmasks have been widely used not only as etch transfer layers, but also as assist layers to enhance the lithographic performance of resist. In this study, we demonstrate a novel approach to functionalize spin-on silicon hardmasks by hybridizing them with functional groups through a sol-gel approach. By varying the concentration and type of the functional groups, the structure and property of the hardmasks can be tuned effectively, especially in the aspects of surface energy, elemental composition, and hardness. The lithographic performance of the functionalized hardmasks was evaluated using NXE3300 EUV exposure system to print line-space features with a targeted CD = 16 nm half pitch. Evidenced by the results, when the functionalized hardmasks were used as underlayers, the resist exhibits large processing window with the printable CD ranging from 11.9 to 19.7 nm and a biased 3-sigma line width roughness = 3.73 nm. In contrast, on a non-functionalized spin-on hardmask, no feature can be printed. Finally, the CF<sub>4</sub> and O<sub>2</sub> plasma etch rates of the hardmasks were tested to evaluate the impact of functionalization on their etch-selectivity.
Macrophages of different tissue origin exhibit distinct inflammatory responses to mycobacterial infection (2021)

Macrophages display marked plasticity with functions in both inflammation and tissue repair. Evidence demonstrates that this spectrum of macrophage phenotypes is influenced by their local microenvironment and tissue origin. However, in vitro macrophage experiments often do not or cannot readily use macrophages from the most relevant tissue of origin. This study investigated if the origin of two C57BL/6 mouse macrophage cell lines of alveolar (AMJ2-C11) and peritoneal (IC-21) origin may influence their response to mycobacterial infection. Both cell lines equally controlled the growth of Mycobacterium bovis BCG and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, although the expression of all proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines measured (TNF, IL-6, MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and RANTES) was significantly higher in AMJ2-C11 cells than in IC-21 cells. During M. tuberculosis infection, IL-6, MCP-1, and RANTES expression increased 5-fold, and MIP-1β expression increased 30-fold. Additionally, AMJ2-C11 cells exhibited significantly higher inducible nitric oxide synthase activity than IC-21 cells, indicative of a more polarized M1 response. The expression of multiple surface markers was also assessed by flow cytometry. CD80 and CD86 were significantly upregulated in AMJ2-C11 cells and downregulated in IC-21 cells during M. tuberculosis infection. The results support the notion that the origin of tissue-resident macrophages influences their phenotype and antimicrobial response and demonstrate hereto unrecognized potential for these cell lines in in vitro studies.
Rapid kinetics of .alpha.2-adrenergic inhibition of adenylate cyclase. Evidence for a distal rate-limiting step (1989)

Activation and inhibition of adenylate cyclase in the presence of GTP, the natural guanine nucleotide regulator, are too fast to study by standard biochemical methods. In order to identify the rate-limiting steps in adenylate cyclase regulation, we measured the kinetics of stimulation and inhibition of the enzyme on a subsecond to second time scale using a novel rapid-mix quench technique. Even using our rapid-mix quench method, activation by PGE1 and forskolin was instantaneous (cAMP accumulation was linear between 0.5 and 30 s). In contrast, we found a lag period of 1.2-10 s for epinephrine-mediated inhibition. The length of the lag depended on the concentration of GTP and monovalent cations present. In the absence of NaCl, the rate constant for the onset of inhibition (kinh) increased only slightly with GTP concentration saturating at a value of 0.16 s-1 (t1/2 4.3 s) at 1 microM GTP. In the presence of 100 mM NaCl, kinh was strongly dependent on GTP concentration, reaching a maximum value of 0.57 s-1 (t1/2 1.2 s) at 100 microM GTP. Thus, activation of both Gi and Gs in intact platelet membranes is much faster (t1/2 less than 5 s) than previously reported for reconstituted systems. Also, the strong dependence of the rate of adenylate cyclase inhibition on GTP concentration implies that the rate-limiting step in inhibition is distal to GTP binding. The effect of NaCl to increase the maximal rate of inhibition is specific for sodium since KCl has no effect on kinh.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The high temperature behavior of water and carbon dioxide in cordierite and beryl (1984)

We have studied the behavior of molecular water and carbon dioxide in the channels of cordierite and beryl at temperatures up to 900°C using high temperature infrared spectroscopy. Above 400°C water that is structurally bound in the channels begins partitioning into an unbound state with the characteristics of a gas. The process is fully reversible and involves both type I and type II water in both minerals. Dehydration occurs after most of the water is in this unbound state, and channel cations are no longer coordinated by the type II water molecules. These cations can then move to the wall of the channel or be expelled from the channel, opening the channel for dehydration of the water contained in it. This behavior is contrasted with that of muscovite, in which the hydroxide shows no change in speciation and only slight changes in its spectroscopic properties at temperatures below the dehydration point. CO_2 in the channels of cordierite does not undergo major
changes in bonding at high temperatures. Although all the water in the cordierite was released, about 40% of the CO_2 remained after heating to 800°C. Heating to 900°C was
required to expel all CO_2. This is indicative of the tighter wedging of CO_2 in the channels. Because of an equilibrium among type I, type II, and unbonded gas-like water at high temperature, the concentration of type I alone serves as an indicator of the water fugacity.
The type II concentration only responds to the number of channel cations and need not be considered in water fugacity calculations. Cordierites with greater numbers of channel cations will effectively close to re-equilibration at higher temperatures, making them more suitable as indicators of water and carbon dioxide fugacity.