gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On blind equalization of rank deficient nonlinear channels (2002)

We consider the problem of blind equalization of nonlinear channels from the second-order statistics of the channel output. The channel model is linear in the parameters, with additive terms that are nonlinear functions of the transmitted symbols. All previous approaches assume that the corresponding channel matrix has full column rank, which ensures the existence of linear FIR zero forcing equalizers. We show that this assumption is not necessary, and that under certain circumstances linear FIR equalizers can be found despite the violation of this assumption. An important consequence of this fact is that equalization can be effected with a smaller level of diversity. In this paper necessary and sufficient conditions on the channel matrix are given. An algorithm for the computation of the equalizers is also given for those channels satisfying these conditions, assuming an i.i.d. symbol sequence and memory dominance of the linear part.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE‐ACTIVITY STUDY OF PROTEASE INHIBITORS. I. (GUANIDINOPHENYL)PROPIONATE AND GUANIDINOCINNAMATE DERIVATIVES (1984)

Abstract Die Nitroaromaten (I) werden, wie im Formelschema angegeben, in die Aniline (III) übergeführt, die mit Cyanamid(IV)in die Guanidine (V) umgewandelt werden.
Tradeoffs between coupling small and large processors for transaction processing (1988)

A methodology is developed to determine the number of processors needed to satisfy transaction throughput and response time requirements for processors of different MIPS (sizes). The minimum MIPS per processor required to satisfy response time and throughput constraints in a transaction processing complex of N coupled systems is also determined. For realistic overhead assumptions, despite large assumed cost advantages on a per-MIPS basis, it is found that very small systems may not match up to the cost/performance of some larger systems, when required to meet the same throughput and response-time constraints. If transactions running on smaller systems were allowed a larger response-time constraint, then it may be possible to construct a lower-cost system from smaller and less expensive processors, generally with lower supportable maximum throughput. Besides the coupling degradation between multiprocessor systems, there is a small systems effect. The cost criterion indicates that there is an optimum processor size below which total system costs would increase appreciably.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
CHARGE and Kabuki Syndromes: Gene-Specific DNA Methylation Signatures Identify Epigenetic Mechanisms Linking These Clinically Overlapping Conditions (2017)

Epigenetic dysregulation has emerged as a recurring mechanism in the etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders. Two such disorders, CHARGE and Kabuki syndromes, result from loss of function mutations in chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 7 (CHD7<sup>LOF</sup>) and lysine (K) methyltransferase 2D (KMT2D<sup>LOF</sup>), respectively. Although these two syndromes are clinically distinct, there is significant phenotypic overlap. We therefore expected that epigenetically driven developmental pathways regulated by CHD7 and KMT2D would overlap and that DNA methylation (DNAm) alterations downstream of the mutations in these genes would identify common target genes, elucidating a mechanistic link between these two conditions, as well as specific target genes for each disorder. Genome-wide DNAm profiles in individuals with CHARGE and Kabuki syndromes with CHD7<sup>LOF</sup> or KMT2D<sup>LOF</sup> identified distinct sets of DNAm differences in each of the disorders, which were used to generate two unique, highly specific and sensitive DNAm signatures. These DNAm signatures were able to differentiate pathogenic mutations in these two genes from controls and from each other. Analysis of the DNAm targets in each gene-specific signature identified both common gene targets, including homeobox A5 (HOXA5), which could account for some of the clinical overlap in CHARGE and Kabuki syndromes, as well as distinct gene targets. Our findings demonstrate how characterization of the epigenome can contribute to our understanding of disease pathophysiology for epigenetic disorders, paving the way for explorations of novel therapeutics.
Metal ion requirements for sequence-specific endoribonuclease activity of the Tetrahymena ribozyme (1989)

A shortened form of the self-splicing intervening sequence RNA of Tetrahymena thermophila acts as an enzyme, catalyzing sequence-specific cleavage of RNA substrates. We have now examined the metal ion requirements of this reaction. Mg2+ and Mn2+ are the only metal ions that by themselves give RNA enzyme activity. Atomic absorption spectroscopy indicates that Zn, Cu, Co, and Fe are not present in amounts equimolar to the RNA enzyme and when added to reaction mixtures do not facilitate cleavage. Thus, these ions can be eliminated as cofactors for the reaction. While Ca2+ has no activity by itself, it alleviates a portion of the Mg2+ requirement; 1 mM Ca2+ reduces the Mg2+ optimum from 2 to 1 mM. These results, combined with studies of the reactivity of mixtures of metal ions, lead us to postulate that two classes of metal ion binding sites are required for catalysis. Class 1 sites have more activity with Mn2+ than with Mg2+, with the other divalent ions and Na+ and K+ having no activity. It is not known if ions located at class 1 sites have specific structural roles or are directly involved in active-site chemistry. Class 2 sites, which are presumably structural, have an order of preference Mg2+ greater than or equal to Ca2+ greater than Mn2+ and Ca2+ greater than Sr2+ greater than Ba2+, with Zn2+, Cu2+, Co2+, Na+, and K+ giving no detectable activity over the concentration range tested.
Effects of windowing based Crest Factor Reduction technique on digitally predistorted PAs for multicarrier WCDMA (2015)

Performance of Crest Factor Reduction (CFR) technique based on peak windowing scheme along with Digital Predistortion (DPD) technique using Generalized Memory Polynomial (GMPDPD) is studied, and its effect on the performance of power amplifier (PA) is reported. Experimental results show that at system level the CFR techniques can reasonably reduce the peak to average power ratio (PAPR) of the input signals, but to comply with the stringent requirements of the modern communication standards, the linearization techniques need to be more efficient to constrain the Out-Of-Band (OOB) radiations generated by the CFR technique used.
The methane potential of Swedish pulp and paper industry - A screening of wastewater effluents (2012)

The methane potential of Swedish pulp and paper industry - A screening of wastewater effluents
Restoration of learning in hepatic encephalopathy by pharmacological manipulation of cGMP levels in brain (2007)

We have shown that chronic moderate hyperammonemia, similar to that present in patients with liver cirrhosis, interferes with signal transduction pathways associated to both ionotropic (NMDA) and metabotropic glutamate receptors. These alterations are responsible for some of the neurological alterations present in hepatic encephalopathy. Some of these studies are summarized in this presentation.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTH. VON RADICININ‐ANALOGA 3. MITT. RK. VON MAGNESIUM‐METHYLCARBONAT MIT 4‐HYDROXY‐6‐METHYL‐2H‐PYRAN‐2‐ON (1973)

Abstract Das Pyranon (I) reagiert mit Magnesium‐methyl‐carbonat zum Chelat (II), das mit Alkylhalogeniden zu den Alkyl‐pyranonen (III) und (IV) reagiert.
Measurements of oxides of nitrogen and nitric acid in clean air (1980)

We have measured oxides of nitrogen, nitric acid, and ozone in air at a remote site in the Rocky Mountains west of Boulder, Colorado. The site is infrequently polluted by upslope air movements from the Denver‐Boulder metropolitan area and most often experiences flows of clean air from the west and north. We find NO x (NO + NO 2 ) levels commonly ≈0.2 ppb, with considerable diurnal variation around this mean value, and occasional excursions well below it. Nitric acid (HNO 3 ) levels were &lt;0.03 to 0.1 ppb, and were always smaller than the NO x level. We find the photostationary state equation does not hold in clean air, and we suggest that the deviation from theory may arise from the presence of peroxy radicals.
Differential pulse-width pair BOTDA using simultaneous frequency domain interrogation (2013)

A modified differential double pulse Brillouin sensing technique is demonstrated where both the wide and somewhat narrower pulses are launched simultaneously, rather than sequentially, using different frequency carriers.
Design of a Small-Scale Supercritical Water Oxidation Reactor. Part I: Experimental Performance and Characterization (2020)

&lt;p&gt;A small-scale supercritical water oxidation reactor is designed and fabricated to study the destruction of hazardous wastes. The downward bulk flow is heated with the introduction of pilot fuel (ethanol/water mixture), and oxidant (H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;/water mixture). Both streams are introduced coaxially. The fuel dilution is varied from 2 to 7 mol% ethanol/water, and the oxidant-to-fuel stoichiometric equivalence ratio (Φ&lt;sub&gt;AF&lt;/sub&gt;), is varied from 1.1 to 1.5. Higher ethanol concentrations in the pilot fuel stream and operation near-stoichiometric results in a more stratified temperature profile, i.e., highest local fluid temperatures near the top and the lowest temperatures at the bottom of the reactor. Steady operation at 603.5 °C is achieved with a nominal residence time of 25.3 s at 7 mol% fuel dilution and Φ&lt;sub&gt;AF&lt;/sub&gt; of 1.1. At the lowest pilot fuel dilution (2 mol%), the temperature profile is nearly uniform, approaching a distributed reaction regime.&lt;/p&gt;
Hartmann-Shack measurements of ferrofluidic mirror dynamics (2007)

Ferrofluid mirrors have the potential to be an inexpensive adaptive optical element which can be used to improve images of structures at the rear of the eye. Their low cost could allow adaptive optics technology to find widespread use in clinical settings. As discussed elsewhere1, their stroke and speed are suitable for correcting the aberrations of the human eye. We present work on the static and dynamic responses of these mirrors using a Hartmann-Shack wavefront reconstruction technique. The displacement of the mirror versus the current in the magnetic field actuators has been measured, as well as actuator influence functions (including non-linearities). In addition, the real-time dynamics of the mirror have been characterized.
Quantum Computing with Spin Cluster Qubits (2003)

We study the low energy states of finite spin chains with isotropic (Heisenberg) and anisotropic (XY and Ising-like) antiferromagnetic exchange interaction with uniform and nonuniform coupling constants. We show that for an odd number of sites a spin cluster qubit can be defined in terms of the ground state doublet. This qubit is remarkably insensitive to the placement and coupling anisotropy of spins within the cluster. One- and two-qubit quantum gates can be generated by magnetic fields and intercluster exchange, and leakage during quantum gate operation is small. Spin cluster qubits inherit the long decoherence times and short gate operation times of single spins. Control of single spins is hence not necessary for the realization of universal quantum gates.
All-Aqueous Directed Assembly Strategy for Forming High-Capacity, Stable Silicon/Carbon Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries (2015)

Silicon (Si) particles have emerged as a promising active material for next-generation lithium-ion battery anodes. However, the large volume changes during lithiation/delithiation cycles result in fracture and pulverization of Si, leading to rapid fading of performance. Here, we report a simple, all-aqueous, directed assembly-based strategy to fabricate Si-based anodes that show capacity and capacity retention that are comparable or better than other more complex methods for forming anodes. We use a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), to stabilize Si nanoparticles (SiNPs) in water. This suspension is added to an aqueous suspension of para-amino benzoic acid-terminated carbon black (CB), pH 7. Charge interactions cause the well-dispersed SiNP to bind to the CB, allowing most of the SiNP to be available for lithiation and charge transfer. The CB forms a conducting network when the suspension pH is lowered. The dried SiNP/CTAB/CB anode exhibits a capacity of 1580 mAh g(-1) and efficiency of 97.3% after 50 cycles at a rate of 0.1C, and stable performance at cycling rates up to 5C. The directed spatial organization of the SiNP and CB using straightforward colloidal principles allows good contact between the well-dispersed active material and the electrically conducting network. The pore space in the CB network accommodates volume changes in the SiNPs. When CTAB is not used, the SiNPs form aggregates in the suspension, and do not contact the CB effectively. Therefore, the electrochemical performance of the SiNP/CB anode is inferior to that of the SiNP/CTAB/CB anode. This aqueous-based, room temperature, directed assembly technique is a new, but simple, low-cost scalable method to fabricate stable Si-based anodes for lithium-ion batteries with performance characteristics that match those made by other more sophisticated techniques.
A phase I clinical trial of QBI-139, a human ribonuclease variant, in solid tumors. (2011)

TPS146 Background: RNA has been recognized as a drug target for cancer therapy, as evidenced by the ongoing clinical trials of RNAi and antisense therapies. An alternative approach that circumvents the delivery and stability issues of RNAi and antisense is to harness the activity of naturally occurring enzymes that degrade RNA. A series of human ribonuclease (RNase) variants have been generated with diminished binding to their natural inhibitor inside cells, which allows the new proteins to kill cancer cells. One of these RNases, called QBI-139, has shown efficacy against multiple tumor types in in vivo models of human cancer and was selected for a first in human clinical trial. Methods: Since QBI-139 showed efficacy against multiple cancers in model systems, a Phase I trial was designed for patients with advanced solid tumors (NCT00818831). Patients receive QBI-139 by intravenous infusion once weekly for three weeks with treatment repeating every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Cohorts of three to six patients receive escalating doses of QBI-139 until the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) is determined. The inclusion/exclusion criteria are typical for the patient population. Twenty-nine patients have been treated to date (January 2011) without reaching dose limiting toxicity. The starting dose in the clinical trial was 3 mg/m2 while the most recently completed cohort was treated with a dose of 18.6 mg/m2. Dose escalation is ongoing. The primary outcomes of the trial are to evaluate the toxicity and tolerability of and the maximum tolerated dose for QBI-139 in patients with advanced refractory solid tumors. In addition, patient response to QBI-139 will be measured using the RECIST criteria and the pharmacokinetics of QBI-139 will be evaluated. Given the agent’s broad efficacy in model systems, one of the goals of the Phase I trial is to identify indications for the next clinical trial of QBI-139.
Electro-thermally induced structural failure actuator (ETISFA) for implantable controlled drug delivery devices based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems (2010)

A new electro-thermally induced structural failure actuator (ETISFA) is introduced as an activation mechanism for on demand controlled drug delivery from a Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System (MEMS). The device architecture is based on a reservoir that is sealed by a silicon nitride membrane. The release mechanism consists of an electrical fuse constructed on the membrane. Activation causes thermal shock of the suspended membrane allowing the drugs inside of the reservoir to diffuse out into the region of interest. The effects of fuse width and thickness were explored by observing the extent to which the membrane was ruptured and the required energy input. Device design and optimization simulations of the opening mechanism are presented, as well as experimental data showing optimal energy consumption per fuse geometry. In vitro release experiments demonstrated repeatable release curves of mannitol-C(14) that precisely follow ideal first order release kinetics. Thermally induced structural failure was demonstrated as a feasible activation mechanism that holds great promise for controlled release in biomedical microdevices.
A New Method For Debris-flow Hazard Assessment In Alluvial Fans (2003)

A new method to identify the probability of an area in an alluvial fan being flooded is proposed. This method takes into account in a simplified way the propagation of debris flow in the main channel, evaluate the outflowing discharge and the spreading of the outflow in the alluvial fan. The method is applied to identify the zones with the same probability to be flooded in the alluvial fan of Gianico, located on Italian Alps in Northen Italy. It allows to take into account the uncertainties in the estimation of the model parameters and the effects of these uncertainties in the extension of the riskprone areas are discussed.
Front Matter: Volume 8463 (2012)

This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 8463 including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, Introduction (if any), and the Conference Committee listing.
Effective Modulation of Ni Silicide Schottky Barrier Height Using Chlorine Ion Implantation and Segregation (2009)

Using a presilicide implantation approach, we demonstrate that the Schottky barrier height (SBH) of NiSi/n-Si(100) can be modulated by doping a Si substrate with a halogen species such as chlorine. Activation energy measurements indicate that an ultralow barrier of 0.08 eV for NiS/n-Si can be achieved when a high dose (~1 times 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">15</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) of chlorine is implanted prior to Ni silicidation. A secondary ion mass spectroscopy analysis on the presilicide Cl-implanted NiSi shows chlorine segregates at the interface with SBH tuning from 0.68 to 0.08 eV on n-Si and a corresponding increase in hole SBH on p-Si(100). The presilicide Cl-implanted NiSi film also demonstrates an enhanced thermal stability with a low sheet resistively of < 28 muOmega even up to 850degC.
Dynamic compression properties of porous aluminum with functionally graded pore structures (2017)

Functionally graded (FG) porous aluminum (Al), consisting of a high porosity layer and low porosity layer in a single porous Al, was fabricated by a friction stir welding (FSW). From X-ray computed tomography (CT) observations of the pore structures of fabricated FG porous Al, it was found that the fabricated FG porous Al had two layers with high porosity of large pore diameter layer and low porosity of small pore diameter layer. From compression tests of the fabricated FG porous Al, the deformation started from the high porosity layer then spread to the low porosity layer. The stress–strain curves obtained in the dynamic compression tests revealed that the stress of the plateau region was lower during the deformation of the high porosity layer than that during the deformation of the low porosity layer. The stresses and absorbed energies in those two plateau regions during such deformations were almost the same as those of the uniform porous Al.
Kids, Cats, and Control: Designing Privacy and Security Dashboards for IoT Home Devices (2023)

In the last decade integration of Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystems has increased exponentially, and it is necessary that our understanding of human behavior when interacting with multiple smart devices in an IoT ecosystem keep pace.To better understand users' perceptions and use of in-home IoT ecosystem over time, we implemented an ecosystem in homes of participants so that we could both test previous findings about individual devices and identify differences that arise in the content of a home with multiple IoT devices.Specifically, we recruited eight participants from separate households who installed identical IoT configurations, and interviewed each participant for five weeks.We included an Android dashboard to provide device control and data transparency.We detail the semi-structured interviews to compare user perceptions of what devices are classified as IoT, the perceived sustainability of IoT devices, interactions with and desires of dashboard information, and exploration of current notification preferences and mitigation strategies.We discuss the factors which participants identified as being relevant to their personal experiences with IoT devices and contribute recommendations for dashboard designs and control mechanisms for IoT devices.We note that the participants uniformly had a more expansive definition of IoT than that found in much of the previous literature, implying that our understanding of perceptions of in-home IoT may be informed by previous research on security systems, wearables, watches, and phones.We identify where our results reify findings of studies of those devices.
<title>Performance of polycrystalline silicon waveguide devices for compact on-chip optical interconnection</title> (1999)

Optical interconnects offer advantages over electrical interconnects in terms of clock skew, crosstalk, and RC delay for ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integrated-Circuit) silicon technology. Optical interconnects are also applicable in optical communications where compact optical devices are fabricated and incorporated in an on-chip integrated optical system. Polycrystalline silicon (polySi)/SiO<SUB>2</SUB> is an attractive waveguiding system that offers significant advantages in both applications with its compact size and compatibility with multilevel CMOS processing. Based on the process optimization that led to a low-loss polySi material, we have fabricated compact waveguide bends and splitters that were microns in size. To study the modal behavior in bending and splitting, we compared multi-mode and single-mode waveguides that were used in fabricating bends and splitters. Two waveguide cross-section dimensions, 0.5 micron X 0.2 micron and 2 microns X 0.2 microns, were used for single- mode waveguide and multi-mode waveguide, respectively. Micron- sized bending was realized with a low loss of a few dBs. Single-mode bends showed less than 3 dB loss for a bending radius of 3 microns, which was lower than that for multi-mode bends. Two different types of splitters, single-mode Y- splitters and multi-mode Y-splitters were fabricated and characterized in terms of their splitting uniformity. One X four and 1 X 16 optical power distribution systems were built based on different splitting schemes and their output power uniformity was compared. Due to the high dielectric contrast of our polySi/SiO<SUB>2</SUB> waveguide system, the smallest 1 X 16 optical power distribution was realized in an area smaller than 0.0001 cm<SUP>2</SUP>.
A new CRT-RSA algorithm resistant to powerful fault attacks (2010)

CRT-RSA is widely deployed in embedded devices to accelerate the RSA signature generation by about four times compared to regular RSA. However, since the Bellcore attack of 1996, research into securing CRT-RSA has remained active as countermeasures are themselves attacked. In this paper, we propose a new countermeasure designed with a powerful attacker in mind. The attacker may inject multiple precise/random faults and may alter the program counter to skip one or more instructions.The strength of our countermeasure derives from combining signature validation with signature unblinding modulo n.