gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spin-Orbit Logic with Magnetoelectric Nodes: A Scalable Charge Mediated Nonvolatile Spintronic Logic (2015)

As nanoelectronics approaches the nanometer scale, a massive effort is underway to identify the next scalable logic technology beyond Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) computing. Such computing technology needs to improve switching energy &amp; delay at reduced dimensions, allow improved interconnects and provide a complete logic/memory family. However, a viable beyond-CMOS logic technology has remained elusive. Here, we propose a scalable spintronic logic device which operates via spin-orbit transduction combined with magneto-electric switching. The proposed Magneto-Electric Spin Orbit (MESO) logic enables a new paradigm to continue scaling of logic performance to near thermodynamic limits for GHz logic (100 kT switching energy at 100 ps delay). The proposed MESO devices scale strongly and favorably with critical dimensions of the device, showing a cubic dependence of switching energy on size, (E_m proportional to W^3), and square dependence on voltage (E_m proportional to V^2). The excellent scaling is obtained thanks to the properties of the spin orbit effects (e.g. Inverse Spin Hall Effect (ISHE) and Inverse Rashba-Edelstein Effect (IREE)) and the dependence of capacitance on size. The operating voltages for these devices are predicted to be &lt; 100 mV allowing a significant jump ahead of historic trends of scaling voltage with size and corresponding reduction of energy. Interconnect resistance is a critical obstacle for scaling beyond 10 nm dimensions. We project a less detrimental impact of interconnect resistance and show that MESO logic is amenable for highly resistive interconnects (100 uOhm.cm-1 mOhm.cm) which opens a possibility to use nano-metallic (width &lt; bulk electron mean free path) or doped semiconducting wires (width&lt;5 nm). A scalable, CMOS compatible, non-volatile logic family proposed here may enable the next multi-generational scaling of computing devices.
Finding a best parking place using exponential smoothing and cloud system in a metropolitan area (2016)

Finding a vacant place to park cars in the rush hour is time-consuming and even may be frustrating for the drivers. In some studies, vehicles are equipped with communicative tools called On Board Units (OBUs), which come along with roadside devices known as Roadside Units (RSUs), which allow the drivers to communicate each other and trace a vacant parking place easily. Previous systems work with connection of sensors all over the road and parking space and may result in spending much time to find a parking place, occupancy of the empty parking place until the car gets to the desired location, requirement for an additional hardware, wired network communication, and security issues. In this paper, we propose an exponential smoothing and multi-objective decision-making by using cloud-based methods to find the best parking place, taking into consideration of the park-cost for the driver. The proposed system uses the cellular base stations to eliminate the cost of the RSUs and the sensors. The results of our simulations via NS-2 network simulator confirm the efficiency of the proposed model.
Host-Dependent Phenotypic Resistance to EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (2021)

Lung cancers driven by mutant forms of EGFR invariably develop resistance to kinase inhibitors, often due to secondary mutations. Here we describe an unconventional mechanism of resistance to dacomitinib, a newly approved covalent EGFR kinase inhibitor, and uncover a previously unknown step of resistance acquisition. Dacomitinib-resistant (DR) derivatives of lung cancer cells were established by means of gradually increasing dacomitinib concentrations. These DR cells acquired no secondary mutations in the kinase or other domains of EGFR. Along with resistance to other EGFR inhibitors, DR cells acquired features characteristic to epithelial-mesenchymal transition, including an expanded population of aldehyde dehydrogenase-positive cells and upregulation of AXL, a receptor previously implicated in drug resistance. Unexpectedly, when implanted in animals, DR cells reverted to a dacomitinib-sensitive state. Nevertheless, cell lines derived from regressing tumors displayed renewed resistance when cultured <i>in vitro</i>. Three-dimensional and cocultures along with additional analyses indicated lack of involvement of hypoxia, fibroblasts, and immune cells in phenotype reversal, implying that other host-dependent mechanisms might nullify nonmutational modes of resistance. Thus, similar to the phenotypic resistance of bacteria treated with antibiotics, the reversible resisters described here likely evolve from drug-tolerant persisters and give rise to the irreversible, secondary mutation-driven nonreversible resister state. SIGNIFICANCE: This study reports that stepwise acquisition of kinase inhibitor resistance in lung cancers driven by mutant EGFR comprises a nonmutational, reversible resister state. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/81/14/3862/F1.large.jpg.
Induced acute ocular hypertension: mode of retinal cell degeneration (1998)

The effects of experimental hypertension on retinal cells were studied. Evaluation was made of IOP levels and degree of cell damage by cytochemical and DNA analysis, and degeneration modes: necrosis and apoptosis.
Retzius Sparing Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy Conveys Early Regain of Continence over Conventional Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis of 1,863 Patients (2019)

Based on propensity score matching with multiple variables and a large case series, Retzius sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy can be a candidate for future robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. It achieves better early continence recovery, a short operative time and early recovery compared to conventional robot-assisted radical prostatectomy.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FLOW STRUCTURES AND SUSPENDED SEDIMENT DEPOSITION IN VEGETATED SECTIONS (2014)

我が国の多くの河川で，河道内での樹林化の進行が指摘されている．河道の樹林化は，流路の抗力を増加させ治水安全度を低下させることが危惧されており，河川管理上，何らかの対策を行う事が急務となっている．樹林化進行の理由として，これまで洪水撹乱頻度の低下や低水路の河床低下など，様々な水理的要因が検討されている．そのうち，ひとつの知見として，樹林化の過程では植生域での細粒土砂の安定化が重要であることが指摘されており，これまでの樹林化の進展を検討する上で，植生周辺での浮遊砂挙動の理解が必要となる．浮遊砂の挙動は流れ場の空間的な構造に大きく影響を受ける事から，上記の目的を達成する上で流れの構造と浮遊砂輸送の関連性を把握する事が重要である．本研究では，この植生内での流れの構造が有する空間的なスケールと，浮遊砂粒子の輸送特性との相対的なスケールが変化した場合の関連性に着目し，主に浮遊砂粒子の堆積が生じるメカニズムについて，杭群の直径や密生度を変化させた水理実験により検討を行った．その結果，植生内での堆積が，Stokes数に代表される流れのスケールと粒子のスケールの相対的な関係に依存することが確認された．
Figure S2 from The Highly Recurrent PP2A Aα-Subunit Mutation P179R Alters Protein Structure and Impairs PP2A Enzyme Function to Promote Endometrial Tumorigenesis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Sequencing outcomes and PPP2R1A hotspot mutation frequency for the Case Comprehensive Cancer Center Gynecologic Tumor Biobank&lt;/p&gt;
ESD protection design for wideband RF applications in 65-nm CMOS process (2014)

All wireless communication products must meet the reliability specifications during mass production. To prevent from electrostatic discharge (ESD) damages, the ESD protection designs must be added at all input/output pads in chip. Some ESD protection designs with low parasitic capacitance for radio-frequency (RF) applications are reviewed in this paper. Besides, a novel ESD protection design is proposed and realized in a 65nm CMOS process to protect the wideband RF circuits. In this work, diodes are used for ESD protection and inductors are used for high-frequency performance fine tuning. Experimental results of the test circuits have been successfully verified.
OLT1177 (Dapansutrile), a Selective NLRP3 Inflammasome Inhibitor, Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Pathogenesis (2019)

IL-1β and IL-18 are pro-inflammatory cytokines that are linked to inflammation. Activation of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is involved in the maturation and secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 and, thus, plays a key role in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory conditions, including multiple sclerosis (MS). OLT1177™ (Dapansutrile) is a newly developed drug that is safe in humans and inhibits specifically the NLRP3 inflammasome. In the present study, we investigated whether OLT1177 exerts therapeutic effects in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of MS. We found that EAE mice fed an OLT1177-enriched diet prophylactically were significantly protected against functional deficits and demyelination in the spinal cord. We also demonstrated that prophylactic oral administration of OLT1177 led to marked reduction (~2- to 3-fold) in the protein levels of IL-1β and IL-18, as well as, IL-6 and TNFα, in the spinal cord of EAE mice. Moreover, prophylactic oral administration of OLT1177 significantly attenuated the infiltration of CD4 T cells and macrophages in the spinal cord. We also demonstrated that oral administration of OLT1177, starting at disease onset, resulted in significant amelioration of the clinical signs of EAE. Overall, these first data suggest that OLT1177 could have clinical benefit for the treatment of MS in humans.
STAT2 Limits Host Species Specificity of Human Metapneumovirus (2020)

The host tropism of viral infection is determined by a variety of factors, from cell surface receptors to innate immune signaling. Many viruses encode proteins that interfere with host innate immune recognition in order to promote infection. STAT2 is divergent between species and therefore has a role in species restriction of some viruses. To understand the role of STAT2 in human metapneumovirus (HMPV) infection of human and murine tissues, we first infected STAT2<sup>-/-</sup> mice and found that HMPV could be serially passaged in STAT2<sup>-/-</sup>, but not WT, mice. We then used in vitro methods to show that HMPV inhibits expression of both STAT1 and STAT2 in human and primate cells, but not in mouse cells. Transfection of the murine form of STAT2 into STAT2-deficient human cells conferred resistance to STAT2 inhibition. Finally, we sought to understand the in vivo role of STAT2 by infecting hSTAT2 knock-in mice with HMPV, and found that mice had increased weight loss, inhibition of type I interferon signaling, and a Th2-polarized cytokine profile compared to WT mice. These results indicate that STAT2 is a target of HMPV in human infection, while the murine version of STAT2 restricts tropism of HMPV for murine cells and tissue.
Endocrine Disruption in Aquatic Vertebrates (2009)

Environmental compounds can interfere with endocrine systems of wildlife and humans. The main sink of such substances, called endocrine disrupters (ED), are surface waters. Thus, aquatic vertebrates, such as fish and amphibians, are most endangered. ED can adversely affect reproductive biology and the thyroid system. ED act by (anti)estrogenic and (anti)androgenic modes of action, resulting in abnormal sexual differentiation and impaired reproduction. These effects are mainly driven by direct interferences of ED with sex steroid receptors rather than indirectly by impacting synthesis and bioavailability of sex steroids, which in turn might affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Recent findings reveal that, in addition to the human-produced waste of ED, natural sources, such as parasites and decomposition of leaves, also might act as ED, markedly affecting sexual differentiation and reproduction in fish and amphibians. Although the thyroid system has essential functions in both fish and amphibians, amphibian metamorphosis has been introduced as the most sensitive model to detect thyroidal ED; no suitable fish model exists. Whereas ED may act primarily on only one specific endocrine target, all endocrine systems will eventually be deregulated as they are intimately connected to each other. The recent ecotoxicological issue of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) present in the aquatic environment indicates a high potential for further endocrine modes of action on aquatic vertebrates by ED derived from PhACs, such as glucocorticoids, progestins, and beta-agonists.
Metabolic reprogramming through fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1) regulates macrophage inflammatory potential and adipose inflammation (2016)

Our findings provide evidence that FATP1 is a novel regulator of MΦ activation through control of substrate metabolism. Absence of FATP1 exacerbated pro-inflammatory activation in vitro and increased local and systemic components of the metabolic syndrome in HFD-fed Fatp1 (B-/-) mice. In contrast, gain of FATP1 activity in MΦs suggested that Fatp1-mediated activation of fatty acids, substrate switch to glucose, oxidative stress, and lipid mediator synthesis are potential mechanisms. We demonstrate for the first time that FATP1 provides a unique mechanism by which the inflammatory tone of adipose and systemic metabolism may be regulated.
Improved Deepwater Cementing Practices Help Reduce Nonproductive Time (2006)

Over the course of a 4-year period, during which approximately 42 wells were constructed by this operator, processes were developed to improve cement slurry design and reduce nonproductive time (NPT) during cementing operations on deepwater wells.Cementing best practices have been followed for many years; however, not all of these practices are applicable to deepwater operations, especially for the riserless sections. Results of developing (1) slurry design practices, (2) temperature prediction and mud removal modeling, and (3) the use of SSR® subsurface release plugs will be reviewed.The choice of cement blend used can have a profound impact on cost, not only in terms of failure in the event of the wrong design, but also in terms of supply logistics. As deepwater operations move farther away from shore bases, the need for a systems approach to cover all cement design needs from conductor to plugging should be considered. The challenges across this breadth of application range from dealing with shallow water flow potentials to relatively high temperature and pressure. Both conventional and foamed cement slurries can be successfully used in this endeavor when properly designed and placed. Placement design should include a thorough understanding of the static gel development behavior of the drilling fluid.Although it is generally accepted that conventional circulating temperature estimates are not appropriate for use in deep water, the use of alternatives is not always practiced. Over the course of this project, this operator realized better cement slurry performance and lower slurry costs following the correct use of wellbore thermal simulators. Attention to detail in applying the correct data to computer simulations resulted in lower slurry costs while at the same time achieved improved performance as measured by improved casing shoe integrity.Real-time monitoring and detailed pressure analysis were used to manage cementing operations and the correct application of SSR plugs. Feedback of these processes from operators and service tool personnel has resulted in improved job performance as measured through reduced NPT and well construction costs. These new processes have resulted in a 100% success rate as compared to the previous 74% success rate.
A Novel Biomineral Water Based Dental Cement (2005)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Multiple wavelength generation from a mode locked silicon evanescent laser (2008)

In this paper, an improved performance of mode locked lasers using silicon evanescent laser approach is shown. Its potential application as multiple wavelength WDM (wavelength division multiplexing) sources is presented. Results from a hybrid silicon evanescent mode locked laser (ML-SEL) that creates a comb of over 100 optical modes within 10-dB of the peak mode output power are also presented. The linewidth and OSNR of several longitudinal modes across the spectrum of this comb are examined as well as the results from CW laser seed light injection into the ML-SEL in stabilizing the modes.
NFFA-Europe Pilot - D12.1 - Fabrication of hard X-ray aberration correctors (2022)

We report on the fabrication of hard X-ray aberration correctors to improve the performance of nanofocusing X-ray lenses by correcting the shape deviations that arise due to fluctuations and anisotropies during the manufacture of X-ray optics. After carefully characterizing the aberrations of the focusing X-ray lens, the tailored profile of a correction phase plate can be inferred. In this deliverable, we have developed the micro and nanofabrication processes for the production of the refractive phase plates by two-photon polymerization based 3D printing. The refractive phase plate is made of polymer, which introduces the required phase shift corrections while hardly introducing any extra absorption. The process parameters have been optimized to obtain the tailored aberration correction profiles. The refractive phase plates have been produced on multiple substrates such as silicon, silicon nitride and diamond membranes and they can be fabricated reliably and on-demand. The methods and procedures to easily align the<br> focusing optics and the refractive phase plate are currently under development.
Vibration Control of Plates by Plate-Type Dynamic Vibration Absorbers (1995)

In this paper, a new plate-type dynamic vibration absorber is presented for controlling the several predominant modes of vibration of plate (mainplate) under harmonic excitation, which consists of a plate (dynamic absorbing plate) under the same boundary condition as the main plate and with uniformly distributed connecting springs and dampers between the main and dynamic absorbing plates. Equations of motion of the system in the modal coordinates of the main plate become equal to those of the two-degrees-of-freedom system with two masses and three springs. Formulas for optimum design of the plate-type dynamic vibration absorber are presented using the optimum tuning method of a dynamic absorber in two-degrees-of-freedom system, obtained by the Den Hartog method. Moreover, for practical problems regarding large-scale plates, an approximate tuning method of the plate-type dynamic absorbers with several sets of concentrated connecting springs and dampers is also presented. The numerical calculations demonstrate the effectiveness of the plate-type dynamic absorbers.
HIV-1 gp120 (2011)

This chapter reviews the neurotoxic effects of gp120, which has been implicated in the development of neurocognitive disorders. The toxic effects of Tat, which are discussed in detail in the Chapter by Li and Nath, are also briefly discussed. The major toxic action of gp120 is thought to be indirect, acting via NMDA receptors and other pathways, including GSK3 and the production of cytokines such as TNF- , IL-1?? and IL-6. Therapeutic strategies designed to interfere with these neurotoxic pathways and prevent or reduce harm from gp120 are considered, as are other substances, such as Tat. Agents considered include NMDA receptor antagonists, antioxidants, chemokine and cytokine antagonists, neurotrophic factors, inhibitors of GSK3 and of caspase, estrogen, and p38 MAPK antagonists.
Functional Oligo(vinyl acetate) CO2-philes for Solubilization and Emulsification (2005)

The development of inexpensive and biodegradable CO2-soluble ligands, surfactants, and phase transfer agents is an important goal in the implementation of supercritical fluid technology. We report here a potentially generic synthetic route to inexpensive oligo(vinyl acetate) CO2-philes for applications such as solubilization and emulsification. These materials are shown to outperform more expensive fluorinated surfactants in particular applications.
Impedance as a Method to Sense Proximity at the Electrode-Retina Interface (2011)

Precise positioning of a stimulating electrode in the eye is not possible by simple visualization. However, reliable measurement of responses to retinal stimulation requires consistent positioning. The present study focuses on impedance measurement techniques to sense the proximity of the electrode to the retina. A platinum-iridium stimulation electrode was placed inside the rat eye and impedance was recorded at different positions of the stimulating electrode relative to the retina. The presence of robust electrically evoked response in the superior colliculus indicates that the electrode may not have to be in absolute contact in order to elicit a neural response. Optical coherence tomography imaging confirmed the distance-impedance relationship.
Understanding the Role of Anti-PEG Antibodies in the Complement Activation by Doxil in Vitro (2018)

Infusion reactions (IRs) are common immune-mediated side effects in patients treated with a variety of drug products, including, but not limited to, nanotechnology formulations. The mechanism of IRs is not fully understood. One of the best studied mechanisms of IRs to nanomedicines is the complement activation. However, it is largely unknown why some patients develop reactions to nanomedicines while others do not, and why some nanoparticles are more reactogenic than others. One of the theories is that the pre-existing anti-polyethylene glycol (PEG) antibodies initiate the complement activation and IRs in patients. In this study, we investigated this hypothesis in the case of PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil), which, when used in a clinical setting, is known to induce IRs; referred to as complement activation-related pseudoallergy (CARPA) in sensitive individuals. We conducted the study in vitro using plasma derived from C57BL/6 mice and twenty human donor volunteers. We used mouse plasma to test a library of well-characterized mouse monoclonal antibodies with different specificity and affinity to PEG as it relates to the complement activation by Doxil. We determined the levels of pre-existing polyclonal antibodies that bind to PEG, methoxy-PEG, and PEGylated liposomes in human plasma, and we also assessed complement activation by Doxil and concentrations of complement inhibitory factors H and I in these human plasma specimens. The affinity, specificity, and other characteristics of the human polyclonal antibodies are not known at this time. Our data demonstrate that under in vitro conditions, some anti-PEG antibodies contribute to the complement activation by Doxil. Such contribution, however, needs to be considered in the context of other factors, including, but not limited to, antibody class, type, clonality, epitope specificity, affinity, and titer. In addition, our data contribute to the knowledge base used to understand and improve nanomedicine safety.