gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estimates of radionuclide release from glass waste forms in a tuff repository and the effects on regulatory compliance (1986)

This paper discusses preliminary estimates of the release of radionuclides from waste packages containing glass-based waste forms under the expected conditions at Yucca Mountain. These estimates can be used to evaluate the contribution of waste package performance toward meeting repository regulatory restrictions on radionuclide release. Glass waste will be held in double stainless steel canisters. After failure of the container sometime after the 300 to 1000 year containment period, the open headspace in these cans will provide the only area where standing water can accumulate and react with the glass. A maximum release rate of 0.177 g/m{sup 2} x year or 1.3 grams per year was obtained. Normalized loss of 1.3 grams per year corresponds to 0.08 parts in 100,000 per year of the 1660 kg reference weight of DWPF glass.
The unexpected stability of multiwall nanotubes under high pressure and shear deformation (2016)

The behavior of multiwall carbon nanotubes under a high pressure (up to 55 GPa) combined with shear deformation was studied by experimental and theoretical methods. The unexpectedly high stability of the nanotubes' structure under high stresses was observed. After the pressure was released, we observed that the nanotubes had restored their shapes. Atomistic simulations show that the hydrostatic and shear stresses affect the nanotubes' structure in a different way. It was found that the shear stress load in the multiwall nanotubes' outer walls can induce their connection and formation of an amorphized sp3-hybridized region but internal core keeps the tubular structure.
Analytic free-form lens design for imaging applications with high aspect ratio (2012)

A new three-dimensional analytic optics design method is presented that enables the coupling of three ray sets with only two free-form lens surfaces. Closely related to the Simultaneous Multiple Surface method in three dimensions (SMS3D), it is derived directly from Fermat’s principle, leading to multiple sets of functional differential equations. The general solution of these equations makes it possible to calculate more than 80 coefficients for each implicit surface function. Ray tracing simulations of these free-form lenses demonstrate superior imaging performance for applications with high aspect ratio, compared to conventional rotational symmetric systems.
A 2-Gb/s Throughput CMOS Transceiver Chipset With In-Package Antenna for 60-GHz Short-Range Wireless Communication (2012)

This paper presents a fully integrated CMOS 60-GHz transceiver chipset for short-range and high-speed wireless communication. The target application of the short-range communication is less than 5-cm communication distance and more than 2-Gb/s throughput for file transfer. In order to achieve file transfer, physical (PHY) layers with error packet correction and media access control (MAC) layer with frame-exchanging function are implemented. The MAC is designed to have a high-efficiency feature due to short interval DATA/Acknowledgement (ACK) frame exchange. It is realized by fast transmitter (TX)/receiver (RX) switching. A bonding wire-based in-package antenna is adopted using a standard BGA package without any off-chip 60-GHz components. The proposed chipset is composed of two chips, an RF chip with in-package antenna, and a baseband chip including PHY and MAC layer. The fabricated chipset achieves 2.62-Gb/s PHY data rate, 2.07-Gb/s MAC throughput, and energy consumption of 651 pJ/bit in 3-cm distance.
Mapping the Interfacial Binding Surface of Human Secretory Group IIa Phospholipase A2 (1997)

Human secretory group IIa phospholipase A2 (hIIa-PLA2) contains a large number of prominent cationic patches on its molecular surface and has exceptionally high affinity for anionic surfaces, including anionic membranes. To identify the cationic amino acid residues that support binding of hIIa-PLA2 to anionic membranes, we have performed extensive site-directed mutagenesis of this protein and measured vesicle binding and interfacial kinetic properties of the mutants using polymerized liposomes and nonpolymerized anionic vesicles. Unlike other secretory PLA2s, which have a few cationic residues that support binding of enzyme to anionic membranes, interfacial binding of hIIa-PLA2 is driven in part by electrostatic interactions involving a number of cationic residues forming patches on the putative interfacial binding surface. Among these residues, the amino-terminal patch composed of Arg-7, Lys-10, and Lys-16 makes the most significant contribution to interfacial adsorption, and this is supplemented by contributions from other patches, most notably Lys-74/Lys-87/Arg-92 and Lys-124/Arg-127. For these mutants, complete vesicle binding occurs in the presence of high vesicle concentrations, and under these conditions the mutants display specific activities comparable to that of wild-type enzyme. These studies indicate that electrostatic interactions between surface lysine and arginine residues and the interface contribute to interfacial binding of hIIa-PLA2 to anionic vesicles and that cationic residues closest to the opening of the active-site slot make the most important interactions with the membrane. However, because the wild type binds extremely tightly to anionic vesicles, it was not possible to exactly determine what fraction of the total interfacial binding energy is due to electrostatics.
Prospective Evaluation of PI-RADS™ Version 2 Using the International Society of Urological Pathology Prostate Cancer Grade Group System (2017)

The cancer detection rate increases with higher PI-RADS, version 2 categories.
General Graph Data De-Anonymization (2016)

When people utilize social applications and services, their privacy suffers a potential serious threat. In this article, we present a novel, robust, and effective de-anonymization attack to mobility trace data and social data. First, we design a Unified Similarity (US) measurement, which takes account of local and global structural characteristics of data, information obtained from auxiliary data, and knowledge inherited from ongoing de-anonymization results. By analyzing the measurement on real datasets, we find that some data can potentially be de-anonymized accurately and the other can be de-anonymized in a coarse granularity. Utilizing this property, we present a US-based De-Anonymization (DA) framework, which iteratively de-anonymizes data with accuracy guarantee. Then, to de-anonymize large-scale data without knowledge of the overlap size between the anonymized data and the auxiliary data, we generalize DA to an Adaptive De-Anonymization (ADA) framework. By smartly working on two core matching subgraphs , ADA achieves high de-anonymization accuracy and reduces computational overhead. Finally, we examine the presented de-anonymization attack on three well-known mobility traces: St Andrews, Infocom06, and Smallblue, and three social datasets: ArnetMiner, Google+, and Facebook. The experimental results demonstrate that the presented de-anonymization framework is very effective and robust to noise. The source code and employed datasets are now publicly available at SecGraph [2015].
10nm 2nd generation BEOL technology with optimized illumination and LELELELE (2017)

10-nm 2nd-generation BEOL technology is described with an optimized illumination system and multi-patterning lithography. While the optimized illumination system offered a possibility to pattern reduced metal pitches in the preferred orientation, difficulties of T-T and T-S patterning still remained. It was overcome by increasing the number of available multi-patterning colors from 2 to 4. First-ever implementation of LELELELE with tight inter-color misalignment control increased scalability up to 17.1% and was demonstrated with SRAM 128 Mb yield.
New Therapies in Tendon Reconstruction (2004)

Despite the use of various types of grafts, no surgical treatment currently exists to restore a tendon to its normal condition. Tissue engineering techniques are being used to develop therapies for tendon reconstruction. Biologic and synthetic scaffolds can both repair tendon defects and improve healing by allowing for the regeneration of the tendon's natural biologic composition to restore its mechanical capacity. This process can be further enhanced through augmentation methods such as cell seeding, growth factor implantation, and gene therapy.
Central angiotensin II induces sympathoexcitation and attenuates the open loop baroreflex gain without altering central baroreflex characteristics (2012)

Background Central angiotensin II (ANG II) induces sympathoexcitation and hypertension. However, how ANG II impacts on the open loop baroreflex (BR) characteristics and thereby stabilization function of arterial pressure (AP) remains unknown. Methods In 7 anesthetized rats, we examined the acute effects of intracerebroventricular infusion of ANG II (2 ng/kg/min) on the open loop BR characteristics. We changed carotid sinus pressure (CSP) stepwise from 60 to 170 mmHg, while measuring AP and splanchnic sympathetic nerve activity (SNA). We characterized the central, peripheral and total BR loops by the CSP‐SNA relation, the SNA‐AP relation and the CSP‐AP relation, respectively. Results In the central loop, ANG II markedly increased SNA (ΔSNA=57.2±17.7%, p&lt;0.01) irrespective of CSP without attenuating the maximum gain (1.99±0.25 vs. 3.58±1.14 %/mmHg, ns) or response range (70.8±5.0 vs. 115.0±27.0%, ns). In the peripheral loop, although ANG II markedly increased AP (ΔAP=49.8±10.4 mmHg, p&lt;0.01), the AP response plateaued in the high SNA range. In the total loop, the plateaued AP response decreased the maximum gain (1.93±0.15 vs. 0.629±0.162, p&lt;0.01) and narrowed the response range (66.9±4.7 vs. 39.0±8.8 mmHg, p&lt;0.01). Conclusion Central ANG II induces sympathetically mediated hypertension and impairs AP stabilization function. This study was supported by the research grants from MEXT and MHLW, Japan.
Are Lock-Free Concurrent Algorithms Practically Wait-Free? (2016)

Lock-free concurrent algorithms guarantee that some concurrent operation will always make progress in a finite number of steps. Yet programmers prefer to treat concurrent code as if it were wait-free, guaranteeing that all operations always make progress. Unfortunately, designing wait-free algorithms is generally a very complex task, and the resulting algorithms are not always efficient. Although obtaining efficient wait-free algorithms has been a long-time goal for the theory community, most nonblocking commercial code is only lock-free. This article suggests a simple solution to this problem. We show that for a large class of lock-free algorithms, under scheduling conditions that approximate those found in commercial hardware architectures, lock-free algorithms behave as if they are wait-free. In other words, programmers can continue to design simple lock-free algorithms instead of complex wait-free ones, and in practice, they will get wait-free progress. Our main contribution is a new way of analyzing a general class of lock-free algorithms under a stochastic scheduler. Our analysis relates the individual performance of processes to the global performance of the system using Markov chain lifting between a complex per-process chain and a simpler system progress chain. We show that lock-free algorithms are not only wait-free with probability 1 but that in fact a general subset of lock-free algorithms can be closely bounded in terms of the average number of steps required until an operation completes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to analyze progress conditions, typically stated in relation to a worst-case adversary, in a stochastic model capturing their expected asymptotic behavior.
F-18 Fluorothymidine (FLT) Imaging of the Bone Marrow Compartment in Rats Following Whole Body Irradiation, Stem Cell Transplantation and Spontaneous Recovery. (2009)

Abstract Abstract 3529 Poster Board III-466 Pet imaging using F-18 glucose (FDG) is increasingly being used for evaluation and staging of malignancy. However, staging in hematopoietic tissue using this agent has been hampered by poor specificity. F-18 flourothymidine (FLT) is currently being evaluated clinically as an imaging technique for tumor detection and staging. Secondary to its inclusion in DNA during the S phase, FLT is much more specific to proliferative tissue and less hampered by inflammatory background. As FLT uptake occurs in proliferating cell populations, we attempted to determine if imaging could provide useful information for evaluating global hematopoietic injury and recovery following radiation and transplantation. Three major groups of Wistar-Furth rats were studied. Group 1 consisted of rats receiving 950cGy of Whole Body Irradiation (TBI). Group 2 consisted of rats transplanted with syngeneic bone marrow 24-48 hrs following irradiation. Group 3 consisted of 6 rats exposed to a potentially sub-lethal dose of 500cGy and not transplanted. FLT imaging was performed before irradiation (n=4), 24-48 hrs. following irradiation, and on day 4-5 post transplantation. Subsequent imaging was carried out in 4 transplanted rats on days 8 and 14. Comparative FDG studies were also performed in selected animals. Table 1 summarizes the imaging studies performed in various subsets of rats. Table 1 Imaging Subsets of Experimental Animals and Histologic Correlations Experimental rat subsets FLT # studies performed FDG # studies performed Histologic correlation Normal or baseline rat studies n=10 n=6 Normal cellular marrow 24-48hrs post 950 cGy TBI n=6 n=4 Marrow damage hypocellularity Day 7 post 950 cGy TBI n=4 not done Aplastic marrow Day 6-7 post 950cGy TBI (4-5 days post transplantation) n=4 n=4 Focal areas of cellular regeneration Day 10 post 950 cGy TBI (and transplantation) n=4 n=2 Cellular marrow Day 6-7 post 500cGy TBI (No transplantation) n=6 not done Moderate hypocellularity FLT imaging results were correlated with marrow histology and clinical survival in treated and control groups. Six of 6 irradiated control rats died with marrow aplasia during the second week following 950 cGy. Sub-lethally irradiated and transplanted rats animals showed clear evidence of definitive recovery as early as 6 days post irradiation or 4 days post transplantation respectively. FLT activity of all major marrow sites was easily identified and was superior to FDG images. Findings correlated with histologic evidence of early marrow repopulation and survival. Figure 1 illustrates FLT and FDG imaging performed in normal, post radiation and post transplanted rats. We conclude that FLT imaging represents a practical noninvasive technique to evaluate marrow injury and early recovery following radiation and hematopoietic transplantation. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Development of an autonomous guided vehicle for indoor propagation measurements (2002)

At Virginia Tech, an autonomous guided vehicle (AGV) has been developed for use in indoor propagation measurements and for a research/teaching tool in the Computer Integrated Manufacturing Laboratory. The AGV design strategy, navigation methodology, and a calibration technique used to minimize path errors caused by unequal wheel radii in dead-reckoning navigation are described. The basic geometry of dead-reckoning navigation is developed, with a particular emphasis on the use of a calibration run to yield exact wheel radii and steering correction factors for use in navigation. These techniques were used on an actual AGV, and measurements were taken under operating conditions to determine navigation accuracy. The major limitation in dead reckoning comes from improper estimates of wheel radii. This can be compensated for with a calibration run, but the tire radius may still change due to dynamic conditions such as redistribution of vehicle weight during cornering, and inexact manufacturing of the tires themselves. Measurements of vehicle position through use of calibrated dead reckoning show accurate vehicle position to within a few cm along a 10 m path.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Potent in vitro and in vivo radiosensitisation by the selective DNA-dependent protein kinase inhibitor KU-0060648 (2008)

406 An important determinant of the susceptibility of cancer cells to DNA damaging anti-cancer therapeutics is the ability of the cells to repair the DNA damage inflicted upon them. It has therefore been proposed that inhibition of DNA repair processes could lead to the potential therapeutic endpoints of radio- and chemosensitisation. A key kinase involved in the detection, signaling and repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) is the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK). DNA-PK is intimately involved in the repair of DNA DSBs by the process of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). Inhibition of DNA-PK activity through the probe compounds LY294002 (non-selective, IC50 1.5uM) and NU7441 (selective; IC50=13nM) has previously been shown to lead to cellular radio- and chemo-sensitisation. Through the generation of a focused compound library based around NU7441 to improve this compound’s overall biopharmaceutical properties, we have identified the compound KU-0060648. This agent exhibits 20-1000 fold selectivity for DNA-PK over related PIKK enzymes and PI3K family members. KU-0060648 was found not to radio-potentiate DNA-PKcs deficient cells, further highlighting its selective nature in vitro. KU-0060648 was able to inhibit the serine-2056 auto-phosphorylation site of DNA-PKcs with an IC50 of 60nM in FaDu cells and abrogated the phosphorylation of H2AX in response to ionizing radiation (IR). Doses of as little as 100nM were found to radiosensitise FaDu cells (Enhancement Ratio at 10% survival of 2.3), using clonogenic assays as an endpoint. KU-0060648 was able to radiopotentiate 2Gy of IR after only 2 hours of exposure, highlighting its role in disrupting the NHEJ dependent fast component of DNA DSB repair. KU-0060648 was also found to preferentially kill BRCA2-defective and ATM-defective cells in combination with IR or etoposide, suggesting that DNA repair defective tumour cells may provide a therapeutic advantage for this class of agent. Pharmacokinetic profiling of KU-0060648 in mice revealed that the compound showed 100% bioavailability, with a t1/2 of 142 minutes after p.o. dosing. In a fractionated IR (5x2Gy) FaDu xenograft model, KU-0060648, dosed at either 10 or 25mg/kg qd 30 minutes before IR caused significant growth delay compared to the control 5x2Gy group. PK/PD relationships were established to define the exposures and level of DNAPK inhibition required for effective radiosensitisation. Our results to date support the further in vivo evaluation of this novel class of agent as a radiosensitiser prior to clinical evaluation.
The First Stereocontrolled Solid-Phase Synthesis of Di-, Tri-, and Tetra[adenosine (2‘,5‘) phosphorothioate]s (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTThe First Stereocontrolled Solid-Phase Synthesis of Di-, Tri-, and Tetra[adenosine (2',5') phosphorothioate]sXian-Bin Yang, Agnieszka Sierzchała, Konrad Misiura, Wojciech Niewiarowski, Marek Sochacki, Wojciech J. Stec, and Michał W. WieczorekView Author Information Polish Academy of Sciences, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland, and Institute of General Food Chemistry, Technical University of Łódź, Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924 Łódź, Poland Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 20, 7097–7100Publication Date (Web):September 11, 1998Publication History Received19 March 1998Published online11 September 1998Published inissue 1 October 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo980522lhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo980522lbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views205Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Assays,Condensation,Mixtures,Molecular structure,Solid phase synthesis Get e-Alerts
Safety, target engagement, and biomarker effects of bosutinib in dementia with Lewy bodies (2022)

Bosutinib is a dual Abl/Src inhibitor that penetrates the blood brain barrierBosutinib is safe and tolerated in individuals with dementia with Lewy bodiesBosutinib engages its target via inhibition of Abl and SrcBosutinib reduces CSF alpha-synuclein and attenuates breakdown of dopamineBosutinib improves activities of daily living in dementia with Lewy bodies.
Migraine without aura: genome-wide association analysis identifies several novel susceptibility (2013)

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are a novel and promising method to study genetic susceptibility factors for common disorders, including migraine.
Promotional Effects of Nanodiamond‐Derived Onion‐Like Carbons on the Electrocatalytic Properties of Pd‐MnO2 for the Oxidation of Glycerol in Alkaline Medium (2016)

Abstract The potential of onion‐like carbon (OLC) as an efficient alternative carbon support for palladium‐decorated manganese dioxide (Pd‐MnO 2 ) catalyst for the electro‐oxidation of glycerol in alkaline medium is reported. Pd‐MnO 2 /OLC and Pd‐MnO 2 /C (where C denotes activated carbon or Vulcan carbon XC‐72) catalysts and their corresponding reference monometallic catalysts (Pd/OLC and Pd/C) are synthesized by a microwave‐assisted solvothermal procedure. Electrochemical measurements clearly prove that OLC, contrary to the state‐of‐the‐art Vulcan carbon XC‐72, is able to promote the electrocatalytic performance of Pd and Pd‐MnO 2 towards the oxidation of glycerol in alkaline medium (in terms of decreased onset potential, large current density, and fast electron transport). Incredibly, the current density of the OLC‐based system is more than 150 % greater than their corresponding activated carbon‐based counterparts. These highly insightful results of Pd‐based catalyst are correlated with the synergistic effects of the ternary nanohybrid materials promoted by the unique intrinsic physico‐chemical properties of OLC.
ChemInform Abstract: Strobilurins and Oudemansins (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.