gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surveillance of infections in long-term care facilities (LTCFs): The impact of participation during multiple years on health care-associated infection incidence (2019)

We studied trends in the incidence of health care-associated infections (HAIs) in LTCFs between 2009 and 2015 and determined the effect of participation in our network. Elder-care physicians reported weekly the number of cases of influenza-like illness, gastroenteritis, (probable) pneumonia, urinary tract infections (UTIs) and all-cause mortality. Trends in the incidence of infection and mortality in relation to LTCF characteristics were calculated using multilevel univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Thirty LTCF participated for 3 years or more, 16 for 2 years and the remaining 12 LTCF for 1 year. During the study period, the median number of beds decreased from 158 to 139, whereas the percentage of residents with private bedrooms increased from 14% to 87%. UTIs were the most frequently reported infections, followed by (probable) pneumonia and gastroenteritis. Adjusted for calendar year and season, we observed a statistically significant decrease in the incidence of influenza-like illness (odds ratio (OR) = 0.8, P < 0.01) and (probable) pneumonia (OR = 0.8, P < 0.01) for each extra year an LTCF participated. Although there are other likely contributors, such as more private rooms and enhanced infection control measures, the decreasing trend of HAI in LTCFs participating in surveillance implies that surveillance is a valuable addition to current strategies to optimise infection control.
Comparison of longitudinal leukocyte gene expression after burn injury or trauma-hemorrhage in mice (2007)

A primary objective of the large collaborative project entitled "Inflammation and the Host Response to Injury" was to identify leukocyte genes that are differentially expressed after two different types of injury in mouse models and to test the hypothesis that both forms of injury would induce similar changes in gene expression. We report here the genes that are expressed in white blood cells (WBCs) and in splenocytes at 2 h, 1 day, 3 days, and 7 days after burn and sham injury or trauma-hemorrhage (T-H) and sham T-H. Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 GeneChips were used to profile gene expression, and the results were analyzed by dCHIP, BRB Array Tools, and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software. We found that the highest number of genes differentially expressed following burn injury were at day 1 for both WBCs (4,989) and for splenocytes (4,715) and at day 1 for WBCs (1,167) and at day 3 for splenocytes (1,117) following T-H. The maximum overlap of genes that were expressed after both forms of injury were at day 1 in WBCs (136 genes) and at day 7 in splenocytes (433 genes). IPA revealed that the cell-to-cell signaling, cell death, immune response, antiapoptosis, and cell cycle control pathways were affected most significantly. In summary, this report provides a database of genes that are modulated in WBCs and splenocytes at sequential time points after burn or T-H in mice and reveals that relatively few leukocyte genes are expressed in common after these two forms of injury.
Buffer layers for high-quality epitaxial YBCO films on Si (1991)

Efforts aimed at producing device-quality YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7- delta / (YBCO) films on Si, which have resulted in films with properties comparable to what can be achieved with conventional oxide substrates such as SrTiO/sub 3/, are described. It is reported how epitaxial YBCO films were grown on Si
High-power continuous-wave mid-infrared quantum cascade lasers based on strain-balanced heterostructures (Invited Paper) (2005)

Limiting factors for short-wavelength QCL designs are discussed, and a model is described to predict the short-wavelength limit for strain-balanced QCL structures. High performance is predicted at wavelengths as short as 3.0mm based on a conduction band offset of 0.9 eV in the GaInAs/AlInAs materials. Recent work is presented on the growth of strained materials using gas-source molecular beam epitaxy to investigate the model predictions. Advanced material characterization, including HR-STEM, high-resolution x-ray diffraction, photoluminescence, atomic force microscopy, and wafer-scale uniformity and repeatability are demonstrated for strain-balanced QCL structures. Laser testing results are presented for QCLs operating at ~4.8mm, and lastly, predictions for further performance improvement at short wavelengths are discussed.
Dispersed automation for industrial Internet of Things — An enabler for advanced manufacturing (2017)

This position paper introduces the vision of Dispersed Automation, a novel approach for reprogramming the omnipresent Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) devices in critical infrastructure for the co-execution of general-purpose computation workloads in an optimal and reliable manner. The key observation is that IIoT devices are available in large quantities in critical infrastructure (e.g., micro-grids, water management and treatment, energy generation and transmission, manufacturing, buildings, and traffic) but are often underutilized due to the conservative allocation of resources, static task assignment, and lack of exploitation of parallelism that is intrinsic in redundant hardware. Dispersed Automation can give new life to IIoT devices, some of them as powerful as general-purpose computers, and can make them accessible for the co-execution of various computational workloads while dynamically adapting to different applications and operational environments. Two key technical innovations will make this possible: the use of a domain-specific language, and on-channel computation. This paper shows how Dispersed Automation can be an enabling technology for the implementation of smart manufacturing systems.
Porous Semiconducting Polymers Enable High‐Performance Electrochemical Transistors (2021)

Organic polymer electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are of great interest for flexible electronics and bioelectronics applications owing to their high transconductance and low operating voltage. However, efficient OECT operation must delicately balance the seemingly incompatible materials optimizations of redox chemistry, active layer electronic transport, and ion penetration/transport. The latter characteristics are particularly challenging since most high-mobility semiconducting polymers are hydrophobic, which hinders efficient ion penetration, hence limiting OECT performance. Here, the properties and OECT response of a series of dense and porous semiconducting polymer films are compared, the latter fabricated via a facile breath figure approach. This methodology enables fast ion doping, high transconductance (up to 364 S cm<sup>-1</sup> ), and a low subthreshold swing for the hydrophobic polymers DPPDTT and P3HT, rivalling or exceeding the metrics of the relatively hydrophilic polymer, Pg2T-T. Furthermore, the porous morphology also enhances the transconductance of hydrophilic polymers, offering a general strategy for fabricating high-performance electrochemical transistors.
Connectivity of sensor networks with power control (2004)

In this paper, we consider a sensor network with an average of n nodes randomly placed over a region of unit area. We assume that each node is equipped with a wireless transceiver, and are interested in the minimum transmit power required for maintaining connectivity of the network when power control is employed (i.e., each node can choose a power level for transmission independent of any other node). We show that the average power gain per node (the ratio of the transmit power required without and with power control) increases with the (average) number of nodes n as (logn)/sup /spl alpha//2/, where /spl alpha/ is the path loss exponent.
High temperature superconductors and related topics (1996)

MOCVD offers many potential attractions for high temperature superconductor (HTS) film formation and device fabrication. In June 1996 the Third International Workshop on MOCVD of High Temperature Superconductors and Related topics was held in Strasbourg, France, within the E‐MRS Spring Meeting. The sessions of the Workshop are briefly described, including very short reports of the lectures, and a list of the titles of posters is given. The conclusions and recommendations of the panel discussion are summarized.
Observation of Spin Correlation intt¯Events fromppCollisions ats=7  TeVUsing the ATLAS Detector (2012)

A measurement of spin correlation in tt[over ¯] production is reported using data collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.1 fb(-1). Candidate events are selected in the dilepton topology with large missing transverse energy and at least two jets. The difference in azimuthal angle between the two charged leptons in the laboratory frame is used to extract the correlation between the top and antitop quark spins. In the helicity basis the measured degree of correlation corresponds to A(helicity)=0.40(-0.08)(+0.09), in agreement with the next-to-leading-order standard model prediction. The hypothesis of zero spin correlation is excluded at 5.1 standard deviations.
Scatter correction for multi-slice CT system (2018)

Scatter radiation in multi-slice CT system nowadays is playing a more and more important role, as the slice number is getting larger and larger, e.g. from 16 to 64 and even more. Scatter radiation may downgrade image quality e.g. create inhomogeneity and decrease the image contrast. Although in current multi-slice CT, anti-scatter collimation is widely used to reduce the scatter radiation received, as the detector is getting wider, its efficiency is getting weaker. Although beam hardening correction can somehow guarantee image homogeneity, as beam hardening effect and scatter radiation have different physical origin, a delegated scatter correction algorithm is desired. In this paper, we would like to propose a scatter correction algorithm working during data pre-processing before image reconstruction. After we implemented this algorithm in Siemens latest released Somatom Go. CT system, we obtain good image quality especially under certain clinical cases.
PET/CT targeted tissue sampling reveals virus specific dIgA can alter the distribution and localization of HIV after rectal exposure (2020)

Abstract HIV vaccines have not been successful in clinical trials. Dimeric IgA (dIgA) is the most abundant antibody class in mucosal tissues, making dIgA a prime candidate for potential HIV vaccines. We coupled Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging and fluorescent microscopy of 64 Cu-labeled, photoactivatable-GFP HIV (PA-GFP-BaL) and fluorescently labeled dIgA to determine how dIgA antibodies influence virus interaction with mucosal barriers and viral penetration in colorectal tissue. Our results show that HIV virions rapidly disseminate throughout the colon two hours after exposure. The presence of dIgA resulted in an increase in virions and penetration depth in the transverse colon. Moreover, virions were found in the mesenteric lymph nodes two hours after viral exposure, and the presence of dIgA led to an increase in virions in mesenteric lymph nodes. Taken together, these technologies enable in vivo and in situ visualization of antibody-virus interactions and detailed investigations of early events in HIV infection.
Safety, Immunogenicity, and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 Covid-19 Vaccine in Adolescents (2021)

The BNT162b2 vaccine in 12-to-15-year-old recipients had a favorable safety profile, produced a greater immune response than in young adults, and was highly effective against Covid-19. (Funded by BioNTech and Pfizer; C4591001 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04368728.).
Plasmonic nanohole arrays on Si-Ge heterostructures: an approach for integrated biosensors (2016)

Nanohole array surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors offer a promising platform for high-throughput label-free biosensing. Integrating nanohole arrays with group-IV semiconductor photodetectors could enable low-cost and disposable biosensors compatible to Si-based complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology that can be combined with integrated circuitry for continuous monitoring of biosamples and fast sensor data processing. Such an integrated biosensor could be realized by structuring a nanohole array in the contact metal layer of a photodetector. We used Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy to investigate nanohole arrays in a 100 nm Al film deposited on top of a vertical Si-Ge photodiode structure grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). We find that the presence of a protein bilayer, constitute of protein AG and Immunoglobulin G (IgG), leads to a wavelength-dependent absorptance enhancement of ~ 8 %.
An experimental analysis of high-speed-distance protection (2010)

In this paper the High-Speed-Distance Protection algorithm will be discussed. The principle of this novel function is based on the so called dynamic delta-quantities resulting from splitting the electrical circuit after a short circuit event by means of the superposition technique. Due to fact that the estimation of the fault localization takes place in a time domain, the algorithm presents a good alternative to the conventional distance protection, where response speed of the relay plays an important role (high voltage network). The test results of the High-Speed-Distance will be discussed and application areas of this function presented.
Biosynthesis, glycosylation, and in vitro translation of the human T cell antigen Leu-4. (1983)

Two families of polypeptides were found in immunoprecipitates formed from human T cell lines by using the monoclonal antibody anti-Leu-4. When analyzed by one- and two-dimensional SDS-PAGE, the first family consisted of members with m.w. of 26,000 and isoelectric points that varied from very basic to acidic. The second family consisted of members with m.w. of 22,000 to 23,000 and isolectric points that varied from neutral to very acidic. The biosynthetic processing and intracellular glycosylation of several of these polypeptides were examined. Some, but not all, intracellular forms of the Leu-4 antigen contained N-linked oligosaccharides of the high mannose type. By using messenger RNA from human T cell lines, intracellular forms of Leu-4 were shown to be accurately translated and properly processed by Xenopus oocytes in vitro.
The Geometry of First-Returning Photons for Non-Line-of-Sight Imaging (2017)

Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging utilizes the full 5D light transient measurements to reconstruct scenes beyond the cameras field of view. Mathematically, this requires solving an elliptical tomography problem that unmixes the shape and albedo from spatially-multiplexed measurements of the NLOS scene. In this paper, we propose a new approach for NLOS imaging by studying the properties of first-returning photons from three-bounce light paths. We show that the times of flight of first-returning photons are dependent only on the geometry of the NLOS scene and each observation is almost always generated from a single NLOS scene point. Exploiting these properties, we derive a space carving algorithm for NLOS scenes. In addition, by assuming local planarity, we derive an algorithm to localize NLOS scene points in 3D and estimate their surface normals. Our methods do not require either the full transient measurements or solving the hard elliptical tomography problem. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our methods through simulations as well as real data captured from a SPAD sensor.
G1 checkpoint protein and p53 abnormalities occur in most invasive transitional cell carcinomas of the urinary bladder (1999)

The G1 cell cycle checkpoint regulates entry into S phase for normal cells. Components of the G1 checkpoint, including retinoblastoma (Rb) protein, cyclin D1 and p16INK4a, are commonly altered in human malignancies, abrogating cell cycle control. Using immunohistochemistry, we examined 79 invasive transitional cell carcinomas of the urinary bladder treated by cystectomy, for loss of Rb or p16INK4a protein and for cyclin D1 overexpression. As p53 is also involved in cell cycle control, its expression was studied as well. Rb protein loss occurred in 23/79 cases (29%); it was inversely correlated with loss of p16INK4a, which occurred in 15/79 cases (19%). One biphenotypic case, with Rb+p16– and Rb-p16+ areas, was identified as well. Cyclin D1 was overexpressed in 21/79 carcinomas (27%), all of which retained Rb protein. Fifty of 79 tumours (63%) showed aberrant accumulation of p53 protein; p53 staining did not correlate with Rb, p16INK4a, or cyclin D1 status. Overall, 70% of bladder carcinomas showed abnormalities in one or more of the intrinsic proteins of the G1 checkpoint (Rb, p16INK4a and cyclin D1). Only 15% of all bladder carcinomas (12/79) showed a normal phenotype for all four proteins. In a multivariate survival analysis, cyclin D1 overexpression was linked to less aggressive disease and relatively favourable outcome. In our series, Rb, p16INK4a and p53 status did not reach statistical significance as prognostic factors. In conclusion, G1 restriction point defects can be identified in the majority of bladder carcinomas. Our findings support the hypothesis that cyclin D1 and p16INK4a can cooperate to dysregulate the cell cycle, but that loss of Rb protein abolishes the G1 checkpoint completely, removing any selective advantage for cells that alter additional cell cycle proteins.
Ultra-compact integrated coherent receiver for high linearity RF photonic links (2010)

We demonstrate a novel photonic integrated circuit(PIC) that combines an ultra compact trench beam splitter with monolithically integrated photodetectors and modulators. A coherent receiver is realized by flip chip bonding of this PIC with an electronic integrated circuit (EIC). Preliminary system results yield a third-order intermodulation distortion suppression of 46 dB at a signal frequency of 300 MHz.
Synthesis of (+)-Quebrachamine (2009)

Quebrachamine is an Aspidosperma alkaloid that is an adrenergic blocker. This synthesis is noteworthy for the highly enantioselective ring-closing cross-metathesis (G → I) using a chiral molybdenum catalyst which is stereogenic at the metal center.
Ineffective Degradation of Immunogenic Gluten Epitopes by Currently Available Digestive Enzyme Supplements (2015)

Currently available digestive enzyme supplements are ineffective in degrading immunogenic gluten epitopes.
Ionic Liquid Gate-Induced Modifications of Step Edges at SrCoO2.5 Surfaces (2020)

Intense electric fields developed during gating at the interface between an ionic liquid and an oxide layer have been shown to lead to significant structural and electronic phase transitions in the entire oxide layer. An archetypical example is the reversible transformation between the brownmillerite SrCoO<sub>2.5</sub> and the perovskite SrCoO<sub>3</sub> engendered by ionic liquid gating. Here we show using <i>in situ</i> atomic force microscopy studies with photothermal excitation detection, that allows for high quality measurements in the viscous environment of the ionic liquid that the edges of atomically smooth terraces at the surface of SrCoO<sub>2.5</sub> films are significantly modified by ionic liquid gating but that the terraces themselves remain smooth. The edges develop ridges that we show, using complementary X-ray photoemission spectroscopy studies, result from the adsorption of hydroxyl groups. Our findings exhibit a way of electrically controlled surface modifications in emergent ionitronic applications.
High conductivity NASICON electrolyte for room temperature solid-state sodium ion batteries (2023)

Solid electrolytes compositions, methods of making the solid electrolytes, and methods of using the solid electrolytes in batteries and other electrochemical technologies are disclosed. The method of producing a solid electrolyte comprises (a) ball milling Na2CO3, SiO2, NH4H2PO4, a zirconium source, and a dopant to produce a ball milled powder; (b) calcining the ball milled powder to produce a calcined powder; and (c) sintering the calcined powder to produce a solid electrolyte. The zirconium source for the solid electrolyte may be ZrO2. The dopant for the solid electrolyte may be AI2O3, Fe2O3, Sb2O3, Yb2O3, or Dy2O3.
Detection of Specific Gases by Metal Oxide Catalysis (2008)

Abstract : Unambiguous detection of specific gases has been demonstrated to occur at specific temperatures by metal oxide catalysis. Potentially useful metal oxides and their combinations were deposited for evaluation by means of combinatorial material synthesis. The resulting material libraries were then tested for desired catalytic activity using thermal spectroscopy with a differential calorimetry detector. Experimental results suggest that some gases may be optimally detected with oxides of a single metal while other gases may be optimally detected with specific combinations of at least two metal oxides.
Advanced silicon photonics technology platform leveraging a semiconductor supply chain (2017)

This paper covers a silicon photonics technology platform that leverages a commercial semiconductor supply chain for the manufacturing of high performance optical transceivers for high performance computing and hyper-scale data-center applications.
A diameter--bandwidth product limitation of isolated-object cloaking (2012)

We show that cloaking of isolated objects is subject to a diameter-bandwidth product limitation: as the size of the object increases, the bandwidth of good (small cross-section) cloaking decreases inversely with the diameter, as a consequence of causality constraints even for perfect fabrication and materials with negligible absorption. This generalizes a previous result that perfect cloaking of isolated objects over a nonzero bandwidth violates causality. Furthermore, we demonstrate broader causality-based scaling limitations on any bandwidth-averaged cloaking cross-section, using complex analysis and the optical theorem to transform the frequency-averaged problem into a single scattering problem with transformed materials.
Stereoscopic three-dimensional television using active glasses with switchable refraction (2015)

We have devised a full-resolution stereoscopic television system incorporating both a patterned retarder and active glasses. Selective vision of the left image by the left eye and the right image by the right eye is achieved by a conventional combination of a patterned retarder and left and right polarized filters. Full resolution is provided by the active components of the glasses acting as a switchable refractive-type beam displacer. Pairs of line-interleaved images are displayed on an LCD screen sequentially at a frame rate of 120 Hz. With the help of active refraction glasses, the viewer can see full-resolution stereoscopic images as if they are displayed in an interlaced manner. Active glasses are flicker-free. Measured stereoscopic crosstalk is 0.6%, which is defined only by the performance of the patterned retarder.
Phase II Randomized Trial of Rituximab Plus Cyclophosphamide Followed by Belimumab for the Treatment of Lupus Nephritis (2020)

The addition of belimumab to a treatment regimen with rituximab and CYC was safe in patients with refractory LN. This regimen diminished maturation of transitional to naive B cells during B cell reconstitution, and enhanced the negative selection of autoreactive B cells. Clinical efficacy was not improved with rituximab and CYC in combination with belimumab when compared to a therapeutic strategy of B cell depletion alone in patients with LN.