gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the 1931 CIE color‐matching functions (2002)

Abstract The use of colorimetry within industry has grown extensively in the last few decades. Central to many of today's instruments is the CIE system, established in 1931. Many have questioned the validity of the assumptions made by Wright 1 and Guild, 2 some suggesting that the 1931 color‐matching functions are not the best representation of the human visual system's cone responses. A computational analysis was performed using metameric data to evaluate the CIE 1931 color‐matching functions as compared to with other responsivity functions. The underlying assumption was that an optimal set of responsivity functions would yield minimal color‐difference error between pairs of visually matched metamers. The difference of average color differences found in the six chosen sets of responsivity functions was small. The CIE 1931 2° color‐matching functions on average yielded the largest color difference, 4.56 ΔE . The best performance came from the CIE 1964 10° color‐matching functions, which yielded an average color difference of 4.02 ΔE . An optimization was then performed to derive a new set of color‐matching functions that were visually matched using metameric pairs of spectral data. If all pairs were to be optimized to globally minimize the average color difference, it is expected that this would produce an optimal set of responsivity functions. The optimum solution was to use a weighted combination of each set of responsivity functions. The optimized set, called the Shaw and Fairchild responsivity functions, was able to reduce the average color difference to 3.92 ΔE . In the final part of this study a computer‐based simulation of the color differences between the sets of responsivity functions was built. This simulation allowed a user to load a spectral radiance or a spectral reflectance data file and display the tristimulus match predicted by each of the seven sets of responsivity functions. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 27, 316–329, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/col.10077
Racial Mismatch in the Classroom (2012)

Previous research demonstrates that students taught by teachers of the same race and ethnicity receive more positive behavioral evaluations than students taught by teachers of a different race/ethnicity. Many researchers view these findings as evidence that teachers, mainly white teachers, are racially biased due to preferences stemming from racial stereotypes that depict some groups as more academically oriented than others. Most of this research has been based on comparisons of only black and white students and teachers and does not directly test if other nonwhite students fare better when taught by nonwhite teachers. Analyses of Asian, black, Hispanic, and white 10th graders in the 2002 Education Longitudinal Study confirm that the effects of mismatch often depend on the racial/ethnic statuses of both the teacher and the student, controlling for a variety of school and student characteristics. Among students with white teachers, Asian students are usually viewed more positively than white students, while black students are perceived more negatively. White teachers’ perceptions of Hispanic students do not typically differ from those of white students. Postestimation comparisons of slopes indicate that Asian students benefit (perceptionwise) from having white teachers, but they reveal surprisingly few instances when black students would benefit (again, perceptionwise) from having more nonwhite teachers.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparative Biotransformations (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Retinal Drug Delivery System, Phase I (1997)

The feasibility of fabricating a multi-compartment intravitreal implant for treatment of traction retinal detachment was successfully confirmed. The goal was to design a biodegradable implant capable of pulsatile release of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and continuous release of diclofenac. TheriForm technology was used to construct several prototypes; the walls and lids being made with biodegradable polymers of controlled composition and thickness to optimize drug release. Polymer selection was based on film degradation studies and iterative design improvements. All initial prototypes comprised one drug only, but included a placebo structure to mimic the portion that would contain the other drug in the composite commercial dosage form. This tactic simplified product development and demonstrated process capabilities to fabricate implants with therapeutic agents in separate compartments. The 5-FU only implants successfully demonstrated pulsatile release with lag times of 0-18 hours. Ongoing research has provided several leads to increase inter-pulse time delay.
Software transactional memory: Where do we come from? What are we? Where are we going? (2009)

The transactional memory programming paradigm is gaining momentum as the approach of choice for replacing locks in concurrent programming. Combining sequences of concurrent operations into atomic transactions seems to promise a great reduction in the complexity of both programming and verification, by making parts of the code appear to be sequential without the need to program fine-grained locks. Software transactional memory offers to deliver a transactional programming environment without the need for costly modifications in processor design. However, the story of software transactional memory reminds one of garbage collection in its time: performance is improving, and the semantics are becoming clearer, yet there is still a long road ahead, a road strewn with stones below and crows hovering above, predicting its demise. This talk will try to take a sober look at software transactional memory, its history, the state of research today, and what we can expect to achieve it in the foreseeable future.
1D and 2D 1H NMR studies on bisantrene complexes with short DNA oligomers. (1995)

The binding of bisantrene to four DNA tetramers, d(CGCG)2, d(GCGC)2, d(CATG)2, and d(GTAC)2, was investigated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. Bisantrene is a well known anticancer drug and has been used clinically for years. DNA is believed to be one of its cellular targets. Results from both 1D and 2D 1H NMR are in agreement with an intercalation binding mode of bisantrene with the four DNA tetramers in this study. The results further indicate that a threading intercalation binding mode, in which one bisantrene side chain is in the minor groove and the other in the major groove of DNA, is preferred. The NMR results also suggest that bisantrene prefers binding at pyrimidine-(3',5')-purine intercalation sequences rather than at purine-(3',5')-pyrimidine sequences. The intramolecular and intermolecular NOE contacts of bisantrene-DNA tetramer complexes indicate that a C2'-endo uniform sugar pucker, rather than a mixed sugar conformation, is preferred by the intercalation site of both the 5'-(TA)-3' and the 5'-(CG)-3' binding steps.
High resolution, full field of view, whole body photon-counting detector CT: system assessment and initial experience (2021)

Computed tomography (CT) using photon-counting detectors (PCD) offers dose-efficient ultra-high-resolution imaging, high iodine contrast-to-noise ratio, multi-energy and material decomposition capabilities. We have previously demonstrated the potential benefits of PCD-CT using phantoms, cadavers, and human studies on a prototype PCD-CT system. This system, however, had several limitations in terms of scan field-of-view (FOV) and longitudinal coverage. Recently, a full FOV (50 cm) PCD-CT system with wider longitudinal coverage and higher spatial resolution (0.15 mm detector pixels) has been installed in our lab capable of human scanning at clinical dose and dose rate. In this work, we share our initial experience of the new PCD-CT system and compare its performance with a state-of-the-art 3<sup>rd</sup> generation dual-source CT scanner. Basic image quality was assessed using an ACR CT accreditation phantom, high-resolution performance using an anthropomorphic head phantom, and multi-energy and material decomposition performance using a multi-energy CT phantom containing various concentrations of iodine and hydroxyapatite. Finally, we demonstrate the feasibility of high-resolution, full FOV PCD-CT imaging for improved delineation of anatomical and pathological features in a patient with pulmonary nodules.
MeshUDF: Fast and Differentiable Meshing of Unsigned Distance Field Networks (2021)

Unsigned Distance Fields (UDFs) can be used to represent non-watertight surfaces. However, current approaches to converting them into explicit meshes tend to either be expensive or to degrade the accuracy. Here, we extend the marching cube algorithm to handle UDFs, both fast and accurately. Moreover, our approach to surface extraction is differentiable, which is key to using pretrained UDF networks to fit sparse data.
Pan and Sentinel Lymph Node Visualization Using a Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe (2003)

A number of different types of agents have been employed to aid in the visualization of lymph nodes, particularly the sentinel lymph node, and to decrease the tissue destruction associated with the diagnosis of nodal metastases. The current study was performed to see if a novel macromolecular near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) probe could be used to visualize lymph nodes after intravenous administration (pan-node visualization) or subcutaneous administration (sentinel node visualization), and serve as method for guiding dissection with interventional radiologic and surgical procedures. Cy5.5-PGC, the near-infrared dye Cy5.5 coupled to a protected graft copolymer (PGC), was injected (i.v. or s.c.) into nude mice. Twenty-four hours later white light and NIRF images were obtained on (i) the live animal, (ii) a partially dissected animal, and (iii) tissue specimens. With Cy5.5-PGC administered intravenously, axillary nodes were visualized from outside a living mouse. With partial dissection, iliac and aortic nodes were visible as concentrated foci of high-intensity NIRF signals. With subcutaneous injection in the front extremity, axillary and brachial nodes draining the injection site were easily visualized. NIRF imaging provides a nonradioactive method of visualizing lymph nodes through layers of tissue that can be employed with intravenous or subcutaneous injection.
Electrical Vagal Nerve Stimulation Ameliorates Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling and Improves Survival in Rats With Severe Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (2018)

This study aimed to elucidate the therapeutic effects of electrical vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) on severe pulmonary arterial hypertension in a rat model. In a pathophysiological study, VNS significantly restored autonomic balance, decreased mean pulmonary arterial pressure, attenuated pulmonary vascular remodeling, and preserved right ventricular function. In a survival study, VNS significantly improved the survival rate in both the prevention (VNS from 0 to 5 weeks after a SU5416 injection) and treatment (VNS from 5 to 10 weeks) protocols. Thus, VNS may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Recuperative thickening for sludge retention time and throughput management in anaerobic digestion with thermal hydrolysis pretreatment (2019)

This study evaluated the application of recuperative thickening (RT) to enhance anaerobic digestion (AD) performance for AD systems with thermal hydrolysis pretreatment (THP). RT was applied for two different reasons: (a) for increasing the sludge retention time (SRT) to degrade slowly hydrolyzable materials more efficiently and (b) for maintaining SRT at decreased hydraulic retention time (HRT) thus showing potential for increased AD throughput rates. A SRT increase from 15 to 30 days by RT application did not improve AD performance or hydrolysis rates significantly as 15-day SRT was already a factor 2 higher than the estimated washout SRT. When applying RT to increase throughput rates (HRT of 7 days) while maintaining 15-day SRT, no negative impact on biogas production or hydrolysis kinetics was observed. It was estimated that RT application on THP digesters can increase digester throughput by 100% and thus show clear potential for further AD intensification. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Increased SRT from 15 to 30 days through recuperative thickening application did not improve biogas production. A lower required minimum SRT (6-7 days) was estimated in THP-AD systems compared to conventional AD. Operation at decreased HRT by RT application resulted in similar AD performance under constant organic loading rates. A 100% increase in throughput rates can be applied using RT without decreasing AD performance.
Compact silicon slot-waveguide disk resonator (2006)

We demonstrate a 20-mum-radius disk resonator based on Si/SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> slot-waveguide. Quality factors around 1,000 are measured. Low effective refractive index evidences light guiding in the low index SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> layer.
Using Marey Graphs to Visualize Transit Loading and Schedule Adherence (2011)

Etienne-Jules Marey was a Victorian scientist and polymath who created several useful visualizations, one of which – a train schedule graphic – is now referred to as a Marey Graph. The Marey Graph shows transit schedules over time and space, usually for a single route. It is a transit analogue to the time-space diagrams used by freeway and arterial traffic engineers. Typically, freeway engineers use time-space diagrams to understand the dynamics of traffic jams. Arterial engineers use time-space diagrams to understand the impacts of coordinated signal timings on vehicle platoons. Existing transit performance measure research has used trajectories as transit performance visualizations. This paper creates a more complete framework around Marey graphs as a performance visualization tool for transit, using automated vehicle location (AVL) and automated passenger count (APC) data. It accomplishes this largely by leveraging ideas from freeway and arterial traffic operations systems. The goal of this effort is to incorporate AVL and APC visualizations into practical, automated performance measurement systems for transit planners. To accomplish this goal, this paper briefly reviews the use of time-space diagrams as a visualization tool in other modes. It then deconstructs some practical issues with assembling and incorporating real-world AVL/APC transit data into an automated system for visualization. It proposes a set of Marey Graph visualizations for transit data. Finally, the paper proposes a complimentary quantification of this data into a performance measure that can be used for less detailed, more aggregate comparisons of transit loading and schedule adherence: efficiency.
CubeSat Format 3-Mirror Spectrometer Designed with Freeform Surfaces (2019)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Y. Liu, A. Bauer, and J. P. Rolland, "CubeSat Format 3-Mirror Spectrometer Designed with Freeform Surfaces," in Optical Design and Fabrication 2019 (Freeform, OFT), OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 2019), paper FM4B.3. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Failure prognosis of DC starter motors using hidden Markov models (2009)

This paper deals with the prognosis of gear faults in DC machines using time frequency distribution methods. The proposed method presents future state prediction of the machine faults using Hidden Markov models. Different methods for estimating the parameters of hidden Markov model with limited data are discussed. The proposed method uses Matching Pursuit decomposition and projections of the training data on linear discriminant planes for estimation of model parameters. Experimental results are presented to illustrate the method.
An eddy-current displacement-to-digital converter based on a ratio-metric delta-sigma ADC (2014)

This paper describes a smart Eddy-current displacement sensor for use in precision industrial applications. A novel readout scheme based on ratio-metric delta-sigma analog-to-digital conversion is proposed. The system employs two sensing coils incorporated in a low-power front-end oscillator. This produces two anti-phase outputs whose amplitudes are proportional to the inductances of the coils, and are thus a differential function of displacement. After synchronous down-conversion, these signals are fed into a second-order continuous-time delta-sigma modulator that directly produces a digital output that is a ratio-metric function of the coil inductances. This approach eliminates the need for a stable voltage reference, suppresses the oscillator's multiplicative noise contributions, and effectively filters the ripple associated with the down-conversion. The sensors are excited at 15 MHz, which reduces the eddy-current penetration depth to only a few tens of μm. The interface has been realized in a 0.35 μm BiCMOS technology and consumes 18 mW from a 3.3 V supply. In a measurement time of 1 ms, it digitizes the inductance ratio with a resolution of 15 bits, and thus achieves a displacement resolution of 135 nm on a range of 3 mm.
Sheet Size-Induced Evaporation Behaviors of Inkjet-Printed Graphene Oxide for Printed Electronics (2016)

The size of chemically modified graphene nanosheets is a critical parameter that affects their performance and applications. Here, we show that the lateral size of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets is strongly correlated with the concentration of graphite oxide present in the suspension as graphite oxide is exfoliated by sonication. The size of the GO nanosheets increased from less than 100 nm to several micrometers as the concentration of graphite oxide in the suspension was increased up to a critical concentration. An investigation of the evaporation behavior of the GO nanosheet solution using inkjet printing revealed that the critical temperature of formation of a uniform film, T(c), was lower for the large GO nanosheets than for the small GO nanosheets. This difference was attributed to the interactions between the two-dimensional structures of GO nanosheets and the substrate as well as the interactions among the GO nanosheets. Furthermore, we fabricated organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) using line-patterned reduced GO as electrodes. The OTFTs displayed different electrical performances, depending on the graphene sheet size. We believe that our new strategy to control the size of GO nanosheets and our findings about the colloidal and electrical properties of size-controlled GO nanosheets will be very effective to fabricate graphene based printed electronics.
SMARTPHONE-BASED DILATED FUNDUS PHOTOGRAPHY AND NEAR VISUAL ACUITY TESTING AS INEXPENSIVE SCREENING TOOLS TO DETECT REFERRAL WARRANTED DIABETIC EYE DISEASE (2016)

The authors report a smartphone-based telemedicine system that demonstrated sensitivity and specificity to detect referral-warranted diabetic eye disease as a proof-of-concept. Additional studies are warranted to evaluate this approach to expanding screening for diabetic retinopathy.
Data-Driven Supervised Compression Artifacts Detection on Continuous Glucose Sensors (2022)

Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) sensors micro-invasively provide frequent glucose readings, improving the management of Type 1 diabetic patients' life and making available reach data-sets for retrospective analysis. Unlikely, CGM sensors are subject to failures, such as compression artifacts, that might impact on both real-time and respective CGM use. In this work is focused on retrospective detection of compression artifacts. An in-silico dataset is generated using the T1D UVa/Padova simulator and compression artifacts are subsequently added in known position, thus creating a dataset with perfectly accurate faulty/not-faulty labels. The problem of compression artifact detection is then faced with supervised data-driven techniques, in particular using Random Forest algorithm. The detection performance guaranteed by the method on in-silico data is satisfactory, opening the way for further analysis on real-data.
On-line DNA analysis system with rapid thermal cycling (2023)

An apparatus particularly suited for subjecting biological samples to any necessary sample preparation tasks, subjecting the sample to rapid thermal cycling, and then subjecting the sample to subsequent on-line analysis using one or more of a number of analytical techniques. The apparatus includes a chromatography device including an injection means, a chromatography pump, and a chromatography column. In addition, the apparatus also contains a capillary electrophoresis device consisting of a capillary electrophoresis column with an inlet and outlet end, a means of injection, and means of applying a high voltage to cause the differential migration of species of interest through the capillary column. Effluent from the liquid chromatography column passes over the inlet end of the capillary electrophoresis column through a tee structure and when the loading of the capillary electrophoresis column is desired, a voltage supply is activated at a precise voltage and polarity over a specific duration to cause sample species to be diverted from the flowing stream to the capillary electrophoresis column. A laser induced fluorescence detector preferably is used to analyze the products separated while in the electrophoresis column.
New Theories for Erosion-Corrosion: ASSERT Supplement. (1998)

Abstract : The erosion-corrosion of copper and copper-nickel alloys in synthetic seawater was investigated using an impinging jet. Video microscopy, corrosion potential monitoring, and impedance spectroscopy were used to investigate the state of the system and the reactivity of the electrode surface. Shear-induced removal of salt films was observed and found to be associated with significant increases in surface reactivity. Direct shear-induced removal of oxide films, however, was not observed. Nevertheless, the protective oxide layer showed sensitivity in passively aerated seawater to large fluid velocities and to small perturbations in potential. The films were stable under all conditions tested in continuously aerated seawater. The present work supports the argument that localized corrosion of copper alloys is caused by galvanic coupling between different regions of a metal coupon. The potential difference driving the galvanic couple could originate from localized shear-induced removal of salt films as well as from non-uniformly distributed oxygen transport rates.