gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Doubly half-injective PRGs for incompressible white-box cryptography. (2019)

White-box cryptography was originally introduced in the setting of digital rights management with the goal of preventing a user from illegally re-distributing their software decryption program. In recent years, mobile payment has become a popular new application for white-box cryptography. Here, white-box cryptography is used to increase the robustness against external adversaries (i.e., not the user) who aim to misuse/attack the cryptographic functionalities of the payment application. A necessary requirement for secure white-box cryptography is that an adversary cannot extract the embedded secret key from the implementation. However, a white-box implementation needs to fulfill further security properties in order to provide useful protection of an application. In this paper we focus on the popular property incompressibility that is a mitigation technique against code-lifting attacks. We provide an incompressible white-box encryption scheme based on the standard-assumption of one-way permutations whereas previous work used either public-key type assumptions or non-standard symmetric-type assumptions.
Bracing in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis, Surrogate Outcomes, and the Number Needed to Treat (2012)

Systematic review-therapeutic level 2. Cohort analysis-therapeutic level 2.
Factorisation attack on certain server-aided computation protocols for the RSA secret transformation (1990)

A factorisation attack on a server-aided secret computation protocol for the RSA secret transformation named RSA-S2 is presented. Countermeasures are also proposed. As a result, it is shown that checking the computational result is essential to counteract such active attacks.
An Analysis of the Influence of Physical Activity Level on Total Knee Arthroplasty Expectations, Satisfaction, and Outcomes (2018)

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
VECSEL for 3D LiDAR applications (2019)

Upcoming applications like indoor navigation, 3D object recognition or autonomously driving vehicles have increased the demand for high-resolution 3D LIDAR systems. The time of flight (TOF) technique for distance measurement in combination with a scanning system requires a beam source with low divergence and high peak power in pulse operation. The detailed application and its operating distance define the output peak power. Furthermore, the needed distance and lateral resolution leads to a maximum pulse length and beam divergence of the light source. Parameters like wavelength, pulse shapes and repetition rates can be derived from the interaction between source, receiver and environmental conditions of the LIDAR system. For a scanning 3D-LIDAR system for consumer or autonomous applications with a working distance of 1-200m, a diffraction-limited beam with pulses in the nanosecond regime is needed. The external cavity of VECSELs allows decreasing the divergence and simultaneously increasing the active area and as a result, the maximum output power. By using electrically pumped VECSELs in a modulated operation, one can achieve the demanded pulse conditions. Low duty-cycle operation allows using significant higher peak current pulses and generating much higher optical peak pulses by pushing the thermal rollover point to higher currents. The external cavity as well as the combination between electronic driver and VECSEL design shows a significant influence on pulse shape and limits the overall performance. This paper will show a first prototype of electrically pumped VECSEL for LIDAR applications and different measurements and investigations of electrically pumped VECSELs in short pulse operations by electrical modulation.
Mechanistic Investigations of Gas-Phase Catalytic Hydrogenation in Metal–Organic Frameworks: Cooperative Activity of the Metal and Linker Sites in CuxRh3–x(BTC)2 (2022)

The CuxRh3–x(BTC)2 catalyst (abbreviated CuRhBTC, BTC3– = benzene tricarboxylate) provides excellent dispersion of active metal sites coupled with well-defined, robust structures for propylene hydrogenation reactions. This material therefore serves as a unique prototype for understanding catalytic activity in metal organic frameworks (MOFs). The mechanism of gas-phase hydrogenation at the bimetallic metal nodes of a MOF has been investigated in detail for the first time using in situ spectroscopy and diffraction experiments combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The reaction occurs via a cooperative process in which the metal and linker sites play complementary roles; specifically, H2 is dissociated at a Rh2+ site with a missing Rh–O bond, while protonation of the decoordinated carboxylate linker stabilizes the active sites and promotes H2 dissociation. In situ X-ray diffraction experiments show that the crystalline structure of the MOF is retained under reaction conditions at 20–100 °C. In situ Raman spectroscopy and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) experiments demonstrate that propylene adsorbs at both Rh2+ and Cu2+ sites via π bonding. Cu2+ is catalytically inactive, but at Rh2+ sites, a propyl intermediate is observed when H2 is introduced into the propylene feed. Furthermore, the appearance of the O–H stretch of COOH at ∼3690 cm–1 in the DRIFT spectra is characteristic of defects consisting of missing Rh–O bonds. These experimental results are in general agreement with a reaction mechanism proposed by DFT, in which the decoordinated carboxylate linker is protonated, and the active Rh2+ site remains available for readsorption of reactants in the subsequent catalytic cycle.
Quality of Bowel Preparation for Colonoscopy in Patients with a History of Abdomino-Pelvic Surgery: Retrospective Cohort Study (2018)

Only gastric/small intestinal surgery was a potential risk factor for poor bowel preparation. Further research on patients with a history of gastric/small intestinal surgery to determine appropriate methods for adequate bowel preparation is mandatory.
Molecular taxonomy of human ocular outflow tissues defined by single cell transcriptomics (2020)

ABSTRACT The conventional outflow pathway is a complex tissue responsible for maintaining intraocular pressure (IOP) homeostasis. The coordinated effort of multiple cells with differing responsibilities ensure healthy outflow function and IOP maintenance. Dysfunction of one or more resident cell type results in ocular hypertension and risk for glaucoma, a leading cause of blindness. In this study, single cell RNA sequencing was performed to generate a comprehensive cell atlas of human conventional outflow tissues. We obtained 17757 genes expression profiles from 8758 cells from eight eyes of four donors representing the outflow cell transcriptome. Upon clustering analysis, 12 distinct cell types were identified, and region-specific expression of candidate genes were mapped in human tissues. Significantly, we identified two distinct expression patterns (myofibroblast and fibroblast) from cells located in the trabecular meshwork (TM), the primary structural component of the conventional outflow pathway. We also located neuron and macrophage signatures in the TM. The second primary component structure, Schlemm’s canal displayed a unique combination of lymphatic/blood vascular gene expression. Other expression clusters corresponded to cells from neighboring tissues, predominantly in the ciliary muscle/scleral spur, which together correspond to the uveoscleral outflow path. Importantly, the utility of our atlas was demonstrated by mapping glaucoma-relevant genes to outflow cell clusters. Our study provides a comprehensive molecular and cellular classification of conventional and unconventional outflow pathway structures responsible for IOP homeostasis. Significance statement Ocular hypertension is the primary, and only modifiable risk factor for glaucoma, the leading cause of irreversible blindness. Intraocular pressure is regulated homeostatically by resistance to aqueous humor outflow through an architecturally complex tissue, the conventional/trabecular pathway. In this study, we generated a comprehensive cell atlas of the human trabecular meshwork and neighboring tissues using single cell, RNA sequencing. We identified 12 distinct cell types, and mapped region-specific expression of candidate genes. The utility of our atlas was demonstrated by mapping glaucoma-relevant genes to conventional outflow cell clusters. Our study provides a comprehensive molecular and cellular classification of tissue structures responsible for intraocular pressure homeostasis in health, and dysregulation in disease.
Advances in Excimer Laser Trabeculostomy within the Landscape of Minimally-Invasive Glaucoma Surgery (2022)

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is currently treated with a variety of surgical and non-surgical approaches. Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) involves several devices and procedures that lower intraocular pressure (IOP) by increasing aqueous outflow. The first laser-based MIGS procedure, Excimer Laser Trabeculostomy (ELT), has emerged as a safe and effective treatment option. This article reviews ELT within the context of alternative MIGS procedures and focuses on the historical development of ELT, principles and techniques of the ELT procedure, safety and efficacy data, comparison to other outflow procedures, and future augmentations to expand the use of ELT. Performed alone or as an adjunct to cataract surgery, ELT has minimal complications and has shown long-term effectiveness in lowering intraocular pressure in thousands of patients. The non-thermal laser-tissue interactions of excimer lasers minimize peripheral tissue damage and ensure outflow channel patency without requiring foreign body implants or creating blebs. The development of 2D optical and 3D optical coherence tomography (OCT) guidance systems will eliminate the need for a goniolens to visualize angle structures and enable thousands more surgeons to perform ELT in the future.
Search for the $\Lambda_b^0 \rightarrow \Lambda \eta^\prime$ and $\Lambda_b^0\rightarrow \Lambda \eta$ decays with the LHCb detector (2015)

A search is performed for the as yet unobserved baryonic $\Lambda_b^0 \rightarrow \Lambda \eta^\prime$ and $\Lambda_b^0 \rightarrow \Lambda \eta$ decays with 3$fb^{-1}$ of proton-proton collision data recorded by the LHCb experiment. The $B^0 \rightarrow K_S^0 \eta^\prime$ decay is used as a normalisation channel. No significant signal is observed for the $\Lambda_b^0 \rightarrow \Lambda \eta^\prime$ decay. An upper limit is found on the branching fraction of $\mathcal{B}(\Lambda_b^0 \rightarrow \Lambda \eta^\prime)<3.1\times10^{-6}$ at 90% confidence level. Evidence is seen for the presence of the $\Lambda_b^0 \rightarrow \Lambda \eta$ decay at the level of $3\sigma$ significance, with a branching fraction $\mathcal{B}(\Lambda_b^0 \rightarrow \Lambda \eta)=(9.3^{+7.3}_{-5.3})\times10^{-6}$.
ENFIRE (2016)

Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are well-established as fine-grained hardware reconfigurable computing platforms. However, FPGA energy usage is dominated by programmable interconnects, which have poor scalability across different technology generations. In this work, we propose ENFIRE, a novel, energy-efficient, fine-grained, spatio-temporal, memory-based reconfigurable computing framework that provides the flexibility of bit-level information processing, which is not available in conventional coarse-grain reconfigurable architectures (CGRAs). A dense two-dimensional memory array is the main computing element in the proposed framework, which stores not only the data to be processed, but also the functional behavior of a mapped application in the form of lookup tables (LUTs) of various input/output sizes. Spatially distributed configurable computing elements (CEs) communicate with each other based on data dependencies using a mesh network, while execution inside each CE occurs in a temporal manner. A custom software framework has also been co-developed which enables application mapping to a set of CEs. By finding the right balance between spatial and temporal computing, it can achieve a highly energy-efficient mapping, significantly reducing the programmable interconnect overhead when compared with FPGA. Simulation results show an improvement of 7.6X in overall energy, 1.6X in energy efficiency, 1.1X in leakage energy, and 5.3X in Unified Energy-Efficiency, a metric that considers energy and area together, compared with comparable FPGA implementations for a set of random logic benchmarks.
Studies of the Solid-State Conformation of Polysilaethylene:  An Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Polymer with an Alternating C/Si Backbone (1996)

Polysilaethylene ([SiH2CH2]n) (PSE) and deuterated polysilaethylene ([SiD2CH2]n) have been examined by both vibrational spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction methods above and below the crystallization/melting transition at −20 °C. The results confirm previous indications that PSE crystallizes in an all-trans conformation analogous to that found for its all-carbon analog, polyethylene. Raman spectroscopy reveals the appearance of a sharp band at 706 cm-1 attributable to the symmetric Si−C stretching vibration when PSE is cooled below 0 °C, while wide-angle X-ray diffraction shows the existence of a crystalline form with a monoclinic unit cell (a = 5.70 Å, b = 8.75 Å, c = 3.25 Å; γ = 97.5°) whose dimensions compare closely to the calculated repeat distance using the planar zigzag conformation of PSE. The calculation of the IR spectra by ab initio methods (Hartree−Fock level of theory) using the 3-21G* and 6-31G* basis sets agrees well with the experimental IR results. Through the use of the calculated IR spectra, symmetry analysis, and spectroscopic data on the deuterated sample, the assignments of the different PSE vibrational bands have been achieved.
Soliton-induced liquid crystal enabled electrophoresis (2020)

Manipulation of particles by a uniform electric field, known as electrophoresis, is used in a wide array of applications. Of especial interest is electrophoresis driven by an alternating current (AC) as it eliminates electrode blocking and produces a steady motion. The known mechanisms of AC electrophoresis require that either the particle or the surrounding medium are asymmetric. This asymmetry is usually assured before the field is applied, as in the case of Janus spheres. We report on a new mechanism of AC electrophoresis, in which the symmetry is broken only when the field exceeds some threshold. The new mechanism is rooted in the nature of electrophoretic medium, which is an orientationally ordered nematic liquid crystal. Below the threshold, the director field of molecular orientation around a spherical particle is of a quadrupolar symmetry. Above the threshold, the director forms a polar self confined perturbation around the inclusion that oscillates with the frequency of the applied field and propels the sphere. The director perturbations are topologically trivial and represent particle like solitary waves, called "director bullets" or "directrons". The direction of electrophoretic transport can be controlled by the frequency of the field. The AC directron induced liquid crystal enabled electrophoresis can be used to transport microscopic cargo when other modes of electrophoresis such as induced charge electrophoresis are forbidden.
Zarządzanie zapasami jako istotny element funkcjonowania przedsiębiorstwa na przykładzie firmy Grupa Żywiec S.A. (2010)

Celem niniejszej pracy jest określenie stopnia skuteczności i przydatności funkcjonującego obecnie systemu zarządzania zapasami w przedsiębiorstwie. Realizacja niniejszego celu będzie odbywać się w oparciu o charakterystykę czołowego przedsiębiorstwa z branży browarniczej - Grupy Żywiec S.A. W pracy tej podjęto próbę weryfikacji następującej hipotezy badawczej: Grupa Żywiec S.A. prowadzi skuteczną i efektywną politykę zarządzania zapasami. Weryfikacja powyższej hipotezy odbywać się będzie za pomocą odpowiednio dobranych narzędzi badawczych. Głównym narzędziem badawczym wykorzystanym w niniejszej pracy będzie wywiad nieskategoryzowany, umożliwiający ocenę i analizę działań w zakresie gospodarowania zapasami przedsiębiorstwa. Dodatkowo w pracy wykorzystano proste zasady statystycznej prezentacji danych w postaci zestawień tabelarycznych i graficznych. W pracy wykorzystano dostępną literaturę przedmiotu, opracowania internetowe oraz materiały udostępnione autorowi pracy w przedsiębiorstwie Żywiec Sprzedaż i Dystrybucja Sp. z o.o. Podsumowując, kluczem do sukcesu na bardzo konkurencyjnym rynku jest właściwie prowadzona polityka zarządzania zapasami. Sprawny system sterowania zapasami dają duże szanse na osiągnięcie pożądanego udziału w rynku oraz redukcję kosztów logistycznych.
Degradation-free MOS image sensor with photonic crystal color filter (2006)

This letter demonstrates a long-term reliable MOS image sensor equipped with a novel photonic crystal color filter (PC-CF). PCs are periodically structured dielectric media, generally possessing a photonic band gap. In the newly developed PC-CF, it is clarified that the desirable spectral property, i.e., peak wavelength and spectral passband, can be achieved by modifying the thicknesses of the defect layers, which act just like a "defect" in a PC. The spectral characteristics with the peak wavelengths at 450 (blue), at 530 (green), and at 610 nm (red) are realized in this letter. Moreover, the fabricated image sensor guarantees high reliability of longer than 200 000 h and heat resistance of above 300 /spl deg/C.
Coded Hyperspectral Imaging and Blind Compressive Sensing (2013)

Blind compressive sensing (CS) is considered for reconstruction of hyperspectral data imaged by a coded aperture camera. The measurements are manifested as a superposition of the coded wavelength-dependent data, with the ambient three-dimensional hyperspectral datacube mapped to a two-dimensional measurement. The hyperspectral datacube is recovered using a Bayesian implementation of blind CS. Several demonstration experiments are presented, including measurements performed using a coded aperture snapshot spectral imager (CASSI) camera. The proposed approach is capable of efficiently reconstructing large hyperspectral datacubes. Comparisons are made between the proposed algorithm and other techniques employed in compressive sensing, dictionary learning, and matrix factorization.
The Enhancement of Response Speed by Loading the Noble Metal into the Sensing Layer for FET-Type NO[sub 2] Sensors (2010)

In order to enhance the response speed, noble metal (Ru) loading into the sensing layer for the field effect transistor (FET)-based sensors was investigated. The sensing layer was prepared by heat-treating the mixture powder of and noble metal (Ru)-loaded at . The effects of loading amounts of the noble metal on sensing performances as well as the microstructure of the sensing layer have been examined. It was found that the optimization of the noble metal loading amount into the sensing layer was important for the improvement of 90% response- and recovery-times. Field emission scanning electron microscopy observations revealed that the sensing layer became porous with increasing noble metal loading amounts. However, extensive addition of Ru (above to ) into the sensing layer resulted in the degradation of sensing characteristics, although the sensing layer showed a highly porous structure. According to theoretical analysis based on Knudsen gas diffusion reported by Matsunaga et al. , the diffusion of gas molecules into such a porous sensing layer is very fast. Therefore the obtained results suggested that the improvement of the response- and recovery-speeds is owing to the large contribution of noble metal nanoparticle to the electrochemical promotion rather than the diffusion of gas into the sensing layer.
ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters: An Innovation Ten Years in the Making (2022)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters: An Innovation Ten Years in the MakingDennis Liotta*Dennis LiottaEmory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States*[email protected]More by Dennis Liottahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7736-7113Cite this: ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 2022, 13, 4, 513–514Publication Date (Web):April 14, 2022Publication History Published online14 April 2022Published inissue 14 April 2022https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00090Copyright © 2022 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views388Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (530 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Drug discovery,Medicinal chemistry,Pharmaceuticals,Screening assays,Therapeutics Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Bioorthogonal Click Chemistry: Covalent Labeling in Living Systems (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Enhancement of spectral polarimetry for PMD measurement using transmitted signal spectra (2004)

By controlling the launch polarization into a calibrated, fixed differential group delay (DGD) element followed by a spectral polarimeter, we enhance the spectral polarimeter's ability to measure fiber DGD from signal spectra, thus enabling improved noninstrusive polarisation mode dispersion (PMD) monitoring.
Patterns of Failure Using a Conformal Radiation Therapy Tumor Bed Boost for Medulloblastoma (2003)

Conformal treatment to the tumor bed allows for significant sparing of critical structures. The posterior fossa failure rate in this series is similar to that reported when the entire posterior fossa is treated. This approach should be investigated further in a phase III trial.