gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Monte Carlo Simulations Investigating the Threading of Cyclic Poly(ethylene oxide) by Linear Chains in the Melt (2003)

A coarse-grained Monte Carlo algorithm on a modified diamond lattice has been used to study the dependence of threading of cyclic poly(ethylene oxide) molecules by linear poly(ethylene oxide) chains in the melt on the mass fraction (Xc) and the size (Nc) of the cyclics. Both short-range interactions based on the rotational isomeric state model and long-range interactions from a discretized form of the Lennard-Jones (LJ) potential energy function are included. LJ parameters σ and ε/kB of 3.76 Å and 154 K, respectively, are estimated for the coarse-grained model. In addition, a method is presented for detecting threading of cyclics that have instantaneous conformations that significantly differ from a circle. The percentage of cyclic molecules threaded can be described as a linear function of Xc. When the cyclics consist of 10 or less coarse-grained monomer units, the percentage of cyclic molecules threaded falls to less than 1%, which suggests that spontaneous threading of cyclics smaller than 30-crown-10 is impractical in the melt. In addition, multiple threading occurs in cyclics larger than 42-crown-14. A weak end effect causes a slight preference for threading near the chain end.
Basis for the Failure ofFrancisella tularensisLipopolysaccharide To Prime Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes (2006)

Francisella tularensis is the intracellular gram-negative coccobacillus that causes tularemia, and its virulence and infectiousness make it a potential agent of bioterrorism. Previous studies using mononuclear leukocytes have shown that the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of F. tularensis is neither a typical proinflammatory endotoxin nor an endotoxin antagonist. This inertness suggests that F. tularensis LPS does not bind host LPS-sensing molecules such as LPS-binding protein (LBP). Using priming of the polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) oxidase as a measure of endotoxicity, we found that F. tularensis live vaccine strain LPS did not behave like either a classic endotoxin or an endotoxin antagonist in human PMNs, even when the concentration of LBP was limiting. Furthermore, F. tularensis LPS did not compete with a radiolabeled lipooligosaccharide from Neisseria meningitidis for binding to LBP or to the closely related PMN granule protein, bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein. Our results suggest that the inertness of F. tularensis LPS and the resistance of F. tularensis to oxygen-independent PMN killing may result from the inability of F. tularensis LPS to be recognized by these important LPS-sensing molecules of the innate immune system.
Eventizing applications in an adaptive middleware platform (2005)

An architecture supporting dynamic aspect-oriented programming establishes an event infrastructure for to extend existing application's behavior at runtime. The adaptive middleware platform described to support the eventizing applications with extensions that are added at runtime in response to new requirements or necessary adaptations. We are currently completing its implementation and exploring more advanced forms of adaptation, including dynamic changes to the event management system itself. Furthermore, the implementation is still too heavy to run on resource-constrained devices like iPAQs, so we plan to take advantage of lighter virtual machines.
DoRO: Disambiguation of Referred Object for Embodied Agents (2022)

Robotic task instructions often involve a referred object that the robot must locate (ground) within the environment. While task intent understanding is an essential part of natural language understanding, less effort is made to resolve ambiguity that may arise while grounding the task. Existing works use vision-based task grounding and ambiguity detection, suitable for a fixed view and a static robot. However, the problem magnifies for a mobile robot, where the ideal view is not known beforehand. Moreover, a single view may not be sufficient to locate all the object instances in the given area, which leads to inaccurate ambiguity detection. Human intervention is helpful only if the robot can convey the kind of ambiguity it is facing. In this article, we present DoRO ( <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><u>D</u>isambiguation <u>o</u>f <u>R</u>eferred <u>O</u>bject</i> ), a system that can help an embodied agent to disambiguate the referred object by raising a suitable query whenever required. Given an area where the intended object is, DoRO finds all the instances of the object by aggregating observations from multiple views while exploring & scanning the area. It then raises a suitable query using the information from the grounded object instances. Experiments conducted with the AI2Thor simulator show that DoRO not only detects the ambiguity more accurately but also raises verbose queries with more accurate information from the visual-language grounding.
Improved bulk myocardial motion suppression for navigator‐gated coronary magnetic resonance imaging (2007)

A considerable number of patients demonstrated relevant breathing-related movement of the heart in the anterior-posterior or left-right direction in addition to the predominant breathing-related movement in the feet-head direction. Thus, it is recommended to compensate for all three spatial dimensions. The affine transformation algorithm combined with three navigators significantly improved breathing-related cardiac motion compensation when compared to the conventionally applied 1D translation with a fixed correction factor.
FFA2-, but not FFA3-agonists inhibit GSIS of human pseudoislets: a comparative study with mouse islets and rat INS-1E cells (2020)

The expression of short chain fatty acid receptors FFA2 and FFA3 in pancreatic islets raised interest in using them as drug targets for treating hyperglycemia in humans. This study aims to examine the efficacy of synthetic FFA2- and FFA3-ligands to modulate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in human pseudoislets which display intact glucose responsiveness. The FFA2-agonists 4-CMTB and TUG-1375 inhibited GSIS, an effect reversed by the FFA2-antagonist CATPB. GSIS itself was not augmented by CATPB. The FFA3-agonists FHQC and 1-MCPC did not affect GSIS in human pseudoislets. For further drug evaluation we used mouse islets. The CATPB-sensitive inhibitory effect of 100 µM 4-CMTB on GSIS was recapitulated. The inhibition was partially sensitive to the G<sub>i/o</sub>-protein inhibitor pertussis toxin. A previously described FFA2-dependent increase of GSIS was observed with lower concentrations of 4-CMTB (10 and 30 µM). The stimulatory effect of 4-CMTB on secretion was prevented by the Gq-protein inhibitor FR900359. As in human pseudoislets, in mouse islets relative mRNA levels were FFAR2 > FFAR3 and FFA3-agonists did not affect GSIS. The FFA3-agonists, however, inhibited GSIS in a pertussis toxin-sensitive manner in INS-1E cells and this correlated with relative mRNA levels of Ffar3 > > Ffar2. Thus, in humans, when FFA2-activation impedes GSIS, FFA2-antagonism may reduce glycemia.
Pokaboo (2011)

How might we build on the physical interactivity of children's play to help children communicate over a distance? Pokaboo is a networked toy for children ages 2--5 to physically play even when they are far apart. Envisioned almost like a low-frame rate video chat, the system combines physically-linked buttons with photo and audio communication. A child will press a button down to take their own photo, and their self-portrait will pop up on their partner's device. The device was tested with both photo sharing and video chat. Children were most engaged when the buttons were part of a mobile video chat, where one child could press a button down and see their partner's button pop up in front of their far-away playmate. When the playmate responded with a button press, their button would magically pop up in front of them, in a form of physical call-and-response. Pokaboo shows how networked toys can help children to form engaging connections through physical play over a distance.
Explicit Characterization of Stability Region for Stationary Multi-Queue\n Multi-Server Systems (2011)

In this paper, we characterize the network stability region (capacity region)\nof multi-queue multi-server (MQMS) queueing systems with stationary channel\ndistribution and stationary arrival processes. The stability region is\nspecified by a finite set of linear inequalities. We first show that the\nstability region is a polytope characterized by the finite set of its facet\ndefining hyperplanes. We explicitly determine the coefficients of the linear\ninequalities describing the facet defining hyperplanes of the stability region\npolytope. We further derive the necessary and sufficient conditions for the\nstability of the system for general arrival processes with finite first and\nsecond moments. For the case of stationary arrival processes, the derived\nconditions characterize the system stability region. Furthermore, we obtain an\nupper bound for the average queueing delay of Maximum Weight (MW) server\nallocation policy which has been shown in the literature to be a throughput\noptimal policy for MQMS systems. Using a similar approach, we can characterize\nthe stability region for a fluid model MQMS system. However, the stability\nregion of the fluid model system is described by an infinite number of linear\ninequalities since in this case the stability region is a convex surface. We\npresent an example where we show that in some cases depending on the channel\ndistribution, the stability region can be characterized by a finite set of\nnon-linear inequalities instead of an infinite number of linear inequalities.\n
Resonance Raman spectra of electronically excited tris[bis(diphenylphosphino)methane]dipalladium and -diplatinum complexes (M = Pd, Pt) (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTResonance Raman spectra of electronically excited tris[bis(diphenylphosphino)methane]dipalladium and -diplatinum complexes (M = Pd, Pt)Pierre D. Harvey, Richard F. Dallinger, William H. Woodruff, and Harry B. GrayCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1989, 28, 15, 3057–3059Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00314a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00314a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views116Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Oxytocin Mediates the Hypothalamic Action of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide to Stimulate Prolactin Secretion (1989)

The ability of centrally administered vasoactiveintestinal peptide (VIP) to stimulate PRL secretion when injectedintracerebroventricularly could be due to leakage to thepituitary, where it is known to exert direct PRL-releasing activity,or to a hypothalamic action on its own release or that ofanother possible PRL-releasing factor. When 3 μg VIP wereinjected into the third ventricle of conscious ovariectomized rats,a significant (P < 0.005) and transient elevation of plasmaoxytocin (OT) levels was observed. When OVX rats were injectediv with 1 ml anti-OT serum 30 min before the centraladministration of 3 μg VIP, the PRL surge seen after VIPinjection in normal rabbit serum-treated controls was completelyabsent. The PRL surge seen after central VIP administrationwas not significantly altered by iv saline infusion (1 ml over 30min) or by infusion of a VIP antagonist [D-4-Cl-Phe6,Leu17]VIPat a dose of 0.5 μg/kg-min in 1 ml saline for 30 min before theVIP injection. This was not due to the inability of the VIPantagonist to block the PRL-releasing factor activity of VIP,since it significantly antagonized that action both in vitro andin vivo in the suckling stimulation paradigm. However, the PRLsurge was completely absent in ovariectomized rats pretreatedby iv infusion of an OT antagonist, [deamino Cys1,DTrp2,Val4,Orn8]OT, at a similar dose. This recruitment of OTby VIP indicates that it may act at more than one locus withinthe hypothalamo-pituitary axis to insure the coordinated controlof PRL secretion. (Endocrinology124: 812–19, 1989)
Byzantine Agreement with a Minimum Nm Both in the Faultless and Worst Case (1993)

Abslrars It is known that all synchronous authenticated Byzantine agreement protocols need am+$) messages in the worst case (where m is the number of nodes and t the maximum number of fau@ nodes). Most known protocols kep low the worst case number of phes and, as a consequence, need such message overhead even in the faultless case. However, a high number of messages, even in the faultless case, is the main obstacle for practical application of most previous protocols. If fmlts occur very rarely, protocols which minimize the faultless case are required so that messages for tolerating faults will not be sent in the faultless case. For the first time, a protocol is presented for any tem which minimizes the faultless case number of messages to m-I and nevertheless the worst case to the known bound of o(m+?) messages, at the expense of 0(m+2') phases. so not only the faultless case but also the worst case each manage with the minimum possible number of messages, respectively.
Influence of printed circuit board properties on solder joint fatigue life of assembled IC packages (2004)

status: Published
Fator de diferenciação de crescimento 15: um novo biomarcador em pacientes com disfunção diastólica? (2011)

FUNDAMENTO: O fator de diferenciação de crescimento-15 ou GDF-15, uma citocina de resposta ao estresse relacionada ao fator transformador de crescimento beta (TGF-ß), está elevado e independentemente relacionado à prognóstico adverso na insuficiência cardíaca sistólica. OBJETIVO: O objetivo do presente estudo é investigar os níveis plasmáticos de GDF-15 em pacientes com disfunção diastólica pré-clínica ou insuficiência cardíaca com fração de ejeção normal (ICFEN). MÉTODOS: Avaliamos 119 pacientes com fração de ejeção (FE) normal, encaminhados à angiografia coronariana eletiva, dos quais 75 (63%) tinham doença arterial coronariana (DAC). Os indivíduos foram classificados como tendo disfunção diastólica ventricular esquerda leve (DDVE grau I, n = 61), ICFEN (DDVE grau II ou III, n = 38) ou função diastólica normal (controles, n = 20). Em um subgrupo de 20 indivíduos, alterações no débito cardíaco (DC) foram medidas através de reinalação de gás inerte (Innocor®) em resposta a um teste hemodinâmico ortostático. RESULTADOS: Os níveis de GDF-15 na ICFEN [mediana 1,08, variação interquartil (0,88-1,30) ng/ml] eram significantemente mais altos do que nos controles [0,60 (0,50-0,71) ng/ml, p = 0,003] e em pacientes com DDVE grau I [0,78 (0,62-1,04) ng/ml, p &lt; 0.001]. Além disso, os níveis de GDF-15 estavam significantemente elevados em pacientes com DDVE grau I, em comparação aos controles (p = 0,003). Adicionalmente, GDF-15 estava correlacionado com os marcadores ecocardiográficos de disfunção diastólica e estava correlacionado com a magnitude da resposta do CO à alteração na posição do corpo de ereta para supina (r = -0,67, p = 0,005). CONCLUSÃO: Os níveis de GDF-15 estão elevados em indivíduos com ICFEN e podem diferenciar função diastólica normal de DDVE. Além disso, os níveis de GDF-15 estão associados com uma redução na resposta do DC no teste hemodinâmico ortostático.
Two-Step Crystallization for Low-Oxidation Tin-Based Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes (2022)

Metal halide perovskites attract significant attention because of their excellent optoelectronic and semiconducting properties. However, there are environmental concerns related to the toxicity of the lead metal that is mainly used in these perovskites. PEA<sub>2</sub>SnI<sub>4</sub> perovskite is a potential candidate for lead-free perovskites because of its pure red emission. Although, undesired Sn<sup>4+</sup> oxidation results in the deterioration of PEA<sub>2</sub>SnI<sub>4</sub> perovskite. We demonstrate the two-step crystallization of PEA<sub>2</sub>SnI<sub>4</sub> through the (i) reprecipitation and (ii) recrystallization processes. A film prepared using this method exhibits narrowed emission, with a full width at half-maximum from 30.0 to 26.1 nm, because of its homogeneous emission. Moreover, the Sn<sup>4+</sup> content of two-step-crystallized PEA<sub>2</sub>SnI<sub>4</sub> films is five times lower than that of a control film. Diffusion-ordered spectroscopy analysis indicates that the two-step precursor exhibits a smaller hydrodynamic radius crystal seed, which enhances crystallization during spin coating. The resulting two-step crystallized PEA<sub>2</sub>SnI<sub>4</sub>-based light-emitting diode (LED) exhibits a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 0.4% with an average of 0.2%, which is two times greater than that of the control device. This two-step approach may be generalized to synthesize other lead-free materials.
EPR and ENDOR of Sodium Complexes of Spin Labeled Monoazacrown Ethers (1987)

Sodium complexes 3 and 5 of the spin labeled monoazacrown ethers 2,2,15,15-tetramethyl-1-aza- 4,7,10,13-tetraoxacyclopentadecane-1-oxyl (2) and 1,4,7,10-tetraoxa-13-(2′,2′,6′,6′-tetramethyl-piperidine-1′-oxyl-4′-yl)azacyclopentadecane (4) were synthesized and studied by EPR and ENDOR spectroscopies. The hyperfine splitting parameter and the g value of the complex 5, containing the exocyclic nitroxyl moiety, were identical to the parent complexon 4, i.e., a N = 15.6 G. g = 2.0060 ± 0.0001. In contrast, the data for the complex 3, containing the endocyclic nitroxyl moiety were different. Thus, the spectrum of the complex 3 was a triplet of quartets with a N = 15.7 G. a Na = 2.47 G, g = 2.0062 ± 0.0001, whereas the spectrum of the parent complexon 2 was a triplet with a N = 15.5 G, g = 2.0059 ± 0.0001. The interaction between the sodium cation and the nitroxyl moiety in 3 was further confirmed by the sodium ENDOR transition at 7.27 MHz
Music recommendation and discovery in the long tail (2009)

Actualmente, el consumo de musica esta sesgada hacia algunos artistas muy populares. Por ejemplo, en el ano 2007 solo el 1% de todas las canciones en formato digital representaron el 80% de las ventas.
De igual modo, unicamente 1.000 albumes representaron el 50% de todas las ventas, y el 80% de todos los albumes vendidos se compraron menos de 100 veces. Existe, pues, una necesidad de ayudar a los usuarios a filtrar, descubrir, personalizar y recomendar musica a partir de la enorme cantidad de contenido musical existente.
Los algoritmos de recomendacion musical existentes intentan predecir con precision lo que la gente quiere escuchar. Sin embargo, muy a menudo estos algoritmos tienden a recomendar o bien artistas famosos, o bien artistas ya conocidos de antemano por el usuario. Esto disminuye la eficacia y la utilidad de las recomendaciones, ya que estos algoritmos se centran en mejorar la precision de las recomendaciones. Con lo cual, tratan de predecir lo que un usuario pudiera escuchar o comprar, independientemente de lo utiles que sean las recomendaciones generadas.
En este sentido, la tesis destaca la importancia de que el usuario valore las recomendaciones propuestas. Por ello, modelamos la curva de popularidad de los artistas con el fin de recomendar musica interesante y, a la vez, desconocida para el usuario. Las principales contribuciones de esta tesis son: (i) un nuevo enfoque basado en el analisis de redes complejas y la popularidad de los productos, aplicada a los sistemas de recomendacion, (ii) una evaluacion centrada en el usuario que mide la calidad y la novedad de las recomendaciones, y (iii) dos prototipos que implementan las ideas derivadas de la labor teorica. 
Los resultados obtenidos tienen importantes implicaciones para los sistemas de recomendacion que ayudan al usuario a explorar y descubrir contenidos que le puedan gustar.
Evidence for complex multistability in photomagnetic cobalt hexacyanoferrates from combined magnetic and synchrotron x-ray diffraction measurements (2009)

Cobalt hexacyanoferrates, which exhibit thermally induced and photo-induced spin transitions, have been extensively studied as model materials for molecular-based photomagnetic solids. Synchrotron x-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments combined with magnetic measurements were used here to get some new insights in their diagram of phase transformation. For a ${\text{Na}}_{0.32}\text{Co}{[\text{Fe}{(\text{CN})}_{6}]}_{0.74}\ensuremath{\cdot}3.4{\text{H}}_{2}\text{O}$ sample composition, the high-temperature (HT) phase could be efficiently trapped by rapid cooling, thus allowing a comparison with the photo-induced phase directly formed at low temperature by light irradiation. In terms of magnetic behavior, the two metastable phases strongly differ with lower critical temperature and magnetization values but higher decay temperature for the HT quenched phase. As only a slight change in the lattice constant with no symmetry breaking is reported from XRD, the differences between the two phases are discussed on the basis of local and disordered tilting of the $[\text{Fe}{(\text{CN})}_{6}]$ polyhedral units.
Column Electrophoresis on the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (1977)

INTRODUCTION Electrokinetic separation techniques have been widely used for the analysis and characterization of charged materials of biological origin.3,4 Under terrestrial conditions preparative methods based on zone electrophoresis, isotachophoresis, and isoelectric focusing are prominent in the purification of charged macromolecules and small particles but have only been of limited usefulness in the separation of biological cells and larger particles. The major difficulties in the latter applications arise primarily from In the Apollo 16 experiment, a mixture of polystyrene latices was processed in an improved version of the apparatus used on Apollo 14. Whereas with such a device it is not possible to conduct the processing under terrestrial conditions without the appearance of extensive thermal convection which destroys the separation bound- aries, under microgravity conditions flight photographs showed no boundary deterioration, but did indicate that electroosmosis was a major factor in producing overlapping elongated sample zones in the cylindrical tube. Consequently, more subtle perturbations of sample zones were not distinguishable.
High quality factors and room-temperature lasing in a modified single-defect photonic crystal cavity (2004)

We propose and analyze a new photonic crystal cavity design that supports a dipole mode with a quality factor greater than 20,000. Such a high quality factor is obtained by precise tuning of the cavity length with minimal disruption of the surrounding photonic crystal. A fabrication procedure based on dry etching of InGaAsP material in HI/H2/Ar is used to demonstrate photonic crystal lasers with smooth and straight sidewalls. These room-temperature lasers concentrate optical energy in air and are suitable for use as tunable lasers and chemical sensors.