gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Peak-Load Reduction by Coordinated Response of Photovoltaics, Battery Storage, and Electric Vehicles (2018)

Peak-load management is an important process that allows energy providers to reshape load profiles, increase energy efficiency, and reduce overall operational costs and carbon emissions. This paper presents an improved decision-tree-based algorithm to reduce the peak load in residential distribution networks by coordinated control of electric vehicles (EVs), photovoltaic (PV) units, and battery energy-storage systems (BESSs). The peak-load reduction is achieved by reading the domestic load in real time through a smart meter and taking appropriate coordinated action by a controller using the proposed algorithm. The proposed control algorithm was tested on a real distribution network using real load patterns and load dynamics, and validated in a laboratory experiment. Two types of EVs with fast and flexible charging capability, a PV unit, and BESSs were used to test the performance of the proposed control algorithm, which is compared with that of an artificial-neural-network technique. The results show that using the proposed method, the peak demand on the distribution grid can be reduced significantly, thereby greatly improving the load factor.
Mitochondrial Dysfunction as a Pathogenic Mediator of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (2018)

The mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, remain incompletely understood. Mitochondria are vital cellular organelles crucial for energy generation, the maintenance of cellular metabolism, calcium homeostasis, intracellular signaling, and the regulation of cell death programs. Emerging evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a cardinal role in the initiation and progression of many human diseases, including chronic lung diseases. Upregulation of the autophagy program, a cellular adaptive mechanism for protein and organelle turnover, can occur in response to injury and may have a cell type-specific impact on the progression of disease. The selective autophagy subtype specific for mitochondria (mitophagy), regulated by PINK1 (phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced putative kinase 1), is a cellular response to accumulation of depolarized or injured mitochondria. Autophagy and mitophagy may be associated with either cellular protection or propagation of injury in a cell type-specific manner, and they may also be associated with modulation of cell death pathways. Genetic studies in mouse models have revealed opposing roles for PINK1 and/or mitophagy in the propagation of emphysema and fibrosis, whereas human studies have shown altered regulation of PINK1 in both idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and COPD. We have also recently identified a role for mitophagy in regulating the cellular necroptosis program, with implications in COPD pathogenesis. Damage-associated molecular patterns released from injured mitochondria and/or necrotic cells may promote proinflammatory and profibrotic responses. In this review, we explore current experimental evidence for mitochondrial dysfunction as a key determinant in the pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases.
Comparative assessment of orthogonal and nonorthogonal multiplexing techniques for differentiated satellite broadcasting services (2015)

This paper presents a comparative assessment of two multiplexing techniques for providing differentiated classes of services over a realistic broadcasting satellite channel under variable link conditions. A distinctive characteristic of satellite broadcasting channels is the non-linear characteristics of high power amplifier on-board of the satellite. In this scenario, the conventional additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel with average power limitation is no longer an accurate model and nonlinear characteristics have to be taken into account. Orthogonal multiplexing (time sharing) techniques combined with variable coding and modulation are compared with hierarchical modulations with the goal of maximizing the number of broadcast channels over a given transponder while maintaining a target service availability. Hierarchical modulations are shown to provide better performance than orthogonal time division multiplexing (time-sharing) schemes for the AWGN channel. Here we design a practical transmitter scheme based on the hierarchical modulation and maximize the throughput by optimizing the achievable mutual information for finite size constellations. This will provide a lower bound on throughput which can be achieved by non orthogonal multiplexing scheme. We compare the performance of hierarchical modulation (non-orthogonal multiplexing) and time sharing techniques (orthogonal multiplexing) supporting two different service quality and service availability requirements for broadcasting the same content.
Experimental Solid State Quantum Simulation Using 1D Superlattice Structures (2018)

In this thesis we describe experiments which explore 1D transport at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface. Complex oxide systems, specifically those based on SrTiO3, possess a wide range of magnetic and electronic properties, including superconductivity, magnetism, ferroelectricity, and ferroelasticity. Electron waveguide devices created at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface exhibit quantized ballistic transport of electrons, electron pairs, and Pascal liquid phases-bound states of more than two electrons. Different types of periodic modulation are applied to the electron waveguides to create one-dimensional superlattices. By creating superlattice devices we are able to engineer new properties and enhance electron-electron interactions at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface. These devices represent a first step towards developing a solid-state quantum simulation platform and will be used as building blocks for creating more complex quantum systems.
Prediabetes: Evaluation of β-Cell Function (2012)

Comment on: Distinct β-cell defects in impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance. [Diabetes. 2012] First paragraph: β-Cell function should be expressed as insulin secretion in relation to the prevailing and changing glucose concentration and interpreted in light of prevailing insulin resistance. Characterizing alterations in β-cell function in individuals with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (collectively termed “prediabetes”) has been a hotly pursued topic among clinical investigators over the past several years. Because IFG and IGT are both associated with elevated risk of progression to overt type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular events (1–3), it is important to understand the specific defects in β-cell function that occur in these settings. Such knowledge could translate into targeted therapeutic interventions that could potentially delay or halt the progression of IFG/IGT to frank diabetes.
Female Germ Cell Development, Functioning and Associated Adversities Under Unfavorable Circumstances (2021)

In the present era, infertility is one of the major issues which restricts many couples to have their own kids. Infertility is the inability to achieve a clinical pregnancy after regular unprotected sexual intercourse for the period of one year or more. Various factors including defective male or female germ cell development, unhealthy and improper lifestyles, diseases like cancer and associated chemo-or-radiation therapies, congenital disorders etc. may be responsible for infertility. Therefore, it is highly important to understand the basic concepts of germ cell development including primordial germ cell (PGC) formation, specification, migration, entry to genital ridges and their molecular mechanisms, activated pathways, paracrine and autocrine signaling, along with possible alteration which can hamper germ cell development and can cause adversities like cancer progression and infertility. Knowing all these aspects in a proper way can be very much helpful in improving our understanding about gametogenesis and finding possible ways to cure related disorders. Here in this review, various aspects of gametogenesis especially female gametes and relevant factors causing functional impairment have been thoroughly discussed.
101. The methylation of triphenylcarbinol (1938)

H. H. Hatt, J. Chem. Soc., 1938, 483 DOI: 10.1039/JR9380000483
Clickable Photoaffinity Ligands for Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 Based on Select Acetylenic Negative Allosteric Modulators (2016)

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent the largest class of current drug targets. In particular, small-molecule allosteric modulators offer substantial potential for selectively "tuning" GPCR activity. However, there remains a critical need for experimental strategies that unambiguously determine direct allosteric ligand-GPCR interactions, to facilitate both chemical biology studies and rational structure-based drug design. We now report the development and use of first-in-class clickable allosteric photoprobes for a GPCR based on metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGlu5) negative allosteric modulator (NAM) chemotypes. Select acetylenic mGlu5 NAM lead compounds were rationally modified to contain either a benzophenone or an aryl azide as a photoreactive functional group, enabling irreversible covalent attachment to mGlu5 via photoactivation. Additionally, a terminal alkyne or an aliphatic azide was incorporated as a click chemistry handle, allowing chemoselective attachment of fluorescent moieties to the irreversibly mGlu5-bound probe via tandem photoaffinity labeling-bioorthogonal conjugation. These clickable photoprobes retained submicromolar affinity for mGlu5 and negative cooperativity with glutamate, interacted with the "common allosteric-binding site," displayed slow binding kinetics, and could irreversibly label mGlu5 following UV exposure. We depleted the number of functional mGlu5 receptors using an irreversibly bound NAM to elucidate and delineate orthosteric agonist affinity and efficacy. Finally, successful conjugation of fluorescent dyes via click chemistry was demonstrated for each photoprobe. In the future, these clickable photoprobes are expected to aid our understanding of the structural basis of mGlu5 allosteric modulation. Furthermore, tandem photoaffinity labeling-bioorthogonal conjugation is expected to be a broadly applicable experimental strategy across the entire GPCR superfamily.
Compression of megawatt optical pulses in a Xe-filled hollow-core photonic band-gap fiber (2005)

We used a hollow-core photonic band-gap fiber filled with Xe to perform soliton-compression and to generate higher-order solitons. We find that the large third-order dispersion limits the optimal compression ratio.
Encoded, click-reactive DNA-binding domains for programmable capture of specific chromatin segments (2020)

Enrichment of chromatin segments from specific genomic loci of living cells is an important goal in chromatin biology, since it enables establishing local molecular compositions as the basis of locus function. A central enrichment strategy relies on the expression of DNA-binding domains that selectively interact with a local target sequence followed by fixation and isolation of the associated chromatin segment. The efficiency and selectivity of this approach critically depend on the employed enrichment tag and the strategy used for its introduction into the DNA-binding domain or close-by proteins. We here report chromatin enrichment by expressing programmable transcription-activator-like effectors (TALEs) bearing single strained alkynes or alkenes introduced <i>via</i> genetic code expansion. This enables <i>in situ</i> biotinylation at a defined TALE site <i>via</i> strain-promoted inverse electron demand Diels Alder cycloadditions for single-step, high affinity enrichment. By targeting human pericentromeric SATIII repeats, the origin of nuclear stress bodies, we demonstrate enrichment of SATIII DNA and SATIII-associated proteins, and identify factors enriched during heat stress.
963-P: Impact of Exercise on Glycemia among Users of Flash Glucose Monitoring (2019)

Real-world data gathered from flash glucose monitoring (FreeStyle LibreTM system) can be used to examine the impact of exercise on time in hypoglycemia, euglycemia, and hyperglycemia. De-identified data from 623 users who recorded 29,280 exercise notes were analyzed, all having notes spanning at least 10 days and more than 25% of days with notes. Glucose time in ranges during night time (11P-8A) and fasting levels (7A-8A) following exercise days and non-exercise days were evaluated. Nights following exercise had an average of 119.2 min/night above 180 mg/dL vs. 137.0 min/night without exercise (p &amp;lt; .001), a difference of 17.8 min/night. There was a median difference of 11.3 fewer minutes in hyperglycemia on exercise nights, with minimal increase in time in hypoglycemia (1.2 min). Days with exercise had an average fasting glucose the next day of 137 + 59 mg/dL compared to fasting levels of 140 + 59 mg/dL without (p &amp;lt; .001). More exercise days had fasting glucose below 70 mg/dL (8.2% vs. 6.4%), but fewer were above 180 mg/dL (19.5% vs. 25.4%). While days with exercise are associated with increased time in hypoglycemia, users saw a greater reduction in hyperglycemia. Flash glucose monitoring can help identify pre-exercise levels and trends which can be used to assist patients in improving time-in-range without increasing nighttime hypoglycemia. Disclosure K. Covington: Employee; Self; Abbott Laboratories. S. Jangam: Employee; Self; Abbott Laboratories. Employee; Spouse/Partner; Abbott Laboratories. T. Dunn: Employee; Self; Abbott Laboratories. Funding Abbott Diabetes Care
Synapsin I Regulates Glutamate Release from Rat Brain Synaptosomes (1992)

Introduction of the dephosphorylated from of synapsin I into rat brain synaptosomes using freeze-thaw (transient) permeabilization significantly decreased the K(+)-induced release of glutamate. In contrast, introduction of synapsin I that had been phosphorylated by Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II was without effect on glutamate release. Addition of dephosphosynapsin I after freeze-thaw treatment also had no effect. Thus, the action of synapsin I was dependent on the phosphorylation state of synapsin I and on its entry into the synaptosomes. Our results implicate synapsin I as an important component in the regulation of neurotransmitter release in the mammalian nervous system.
Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia/Ventricular Fibrillation in Patients without Structural Heart Disease: Techniques and Results (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Definition Idiopathic ventricular tachycardia Idiopathic ventricular fibrillation Myocardial ectopics triggering ventricular fibrillation Purkinje-triggered idiopathic ventricular fibrillation Summary References
Quantum-dot cluster-state computing with encoded qubits (2005)

A class of architectures is advanced for cluster-state quantum computation using quantum dots. These architectures include using single and multiple dots as logical qubits. Special attention is given to supercoherent qubits introduced by Bacon et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 247902 (2001)] for which we discuss the effects of various errors and present a means of error protection.
TDL - Steps Beyond Giotto A Case for Automated Software Construction (2011)

We present the Timing Definition Language (TDL), which supports the development of de- pendable embedded real-time systems. TDL is conceptually based on the time-triggered programming model introduced by Giotto but provides a more convenient syntax, more control over the timing of periodic activi- ties, an industrial strength tool chain, and, most importantly, adds a component model and supports the integration of asynchronous activities in a time-triggered system. We present the introduced language con- cepts and outline the TDL-based tool chain, which also includes support for simulation, distribution, and automatic code generation. Finally, we show an example that uses some of the extensions and compare TDL with other extensions of Giotto.
Stabilization of a Metastable Polymorph of 4-Methyl-2-nitroacetanilide by Isomorphic Additives (2001)

4-Methyl-2-nitroacetanilide (1) crystallizes in white (1W), amber (1A), and yellow (1Y) modifications. The isomorphic molecules 4-chloro-2-nitroacetanilide (2) and 2-nitro-4-trifluoromethylacetanilide (3) were synthesized, and their effects on the crystallization of 1 were studied. The percentages of an additive incorporated into the 1W, 1A, and 1Y crystal lattices were determined by HPLC. Compound 2 is incorporated as a solid solution in 1A up to levels of 30% (w/w), whereas the incorporation efficiency of 3 is much lower at the same doping level. From these results it can be assumed that 2 causes less disruption to the host lattices than does 3. At the same doping level of an additive, 1A incorporates the additive at a greater level than 1W or 1Y. As the incorporation level of an additive increases, both the solution and solid-state transformation rate from 1A to either 1W or 1Y decreases. Structural comparison of the 1W, 1A, and 1Y crystal lattices indicates that the additives may be least disruptive to the 1A lattice, therefore explaining the greater incorporation efficiency of an additive in 1A.
Hospitalization Rates in Patients with Crohnʼs Disease and Deep Remission: Data from the 56-week CHARM Trial (2013)

Purpose: Deep remission (DR), an emerging treatment goal in Crohn's disease (CD), may be associated with improved patient outcomes. Methods: We assessed all-cause and CD-related hospitalization rates among patients (both ADA- and PBO- treated) in the 56-week CHARM trial (NCT00077779) who achieved predicted DR vs. those who did not. Predicted DR was defined as having both predicted mucosal healing (using an index comprised of non-invasive biomarkers and symptomatology1) and clinical remission (Crohn's Disease Activity Index [CDAI] total score <150) at week 12 in CHARM. Hospitalization rates were compared in predicted DR achievers vs. non-achievers from week 12 to week 56 using chi-square tests. Logistic regression was used to compare the odds of being hospitalized from week 12 to week 56, adjusting for adalimumab treatment and CD disease duration at week 12. Analyses were performed as observed and with non-responder imputation (NRI) for patients with missing predicted DR data. Results: At week 12 in CHARM, 193 of 686 patients achieved predicted DR at week 12 in CHARM. From week 12 to week 56, hospitalizations for any reason (11% vs. 18%; odds ratio [OR] 0.59; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.36, 0.98; P=.04) as well as those specifically related to CD (6% vs. 13%; OR 0.43; 95% CI 0.23, 0.83; P=.01) were significantly less among predicted DR achievers vs. non-achievers (Table, as observed). In the NRI analysis, CD-related hospitalizations were significantly less in DR achievers vs. non-achievers (6% vs. 12%; OR 0.68; 95% CI 0.25, 0.93; P=.03).Table: Table. Hospitalization rates in predicted DR achievers vs. non-achieversConclusion: Hospitalizations for any reason or specifically related to CD were fewer in patients with CD who achieved predicted DR compared with those who did not.
CO2/N2 Reverse Selective Gas Separation Membranes: Technological Opportunities and Scientific Challenges (2009)

International audience
ChemInform Abstract: Attempts to Synthesize N‐Substituted Dihydropyridines According to Hantzsch. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
O-D ignition condition analysis for an OHTE device (1984)

In the present study we examine the feasibility for heating an OHTE device to ignition with ohmic input alone.
Activation of PPARγ by Pioglitazone Potentiates the Effects of Naltrexone on Alcohol Drinking and Relapse in msP Rats (2013)

The drug combination was effective in reducing both relapse behaviors. These findings open new vistas in the use pioglitazone in combination with naltrexone for the treatment of alcoholism.
Cross-Layer Proactive Packet Protection Switching (2012)

To address exponentially-increasing traffic demands, cross-layer optimized architectures will be required to access the optical layer and allow for packet-level control of larger optical flows. In this work, we investigate cross-layer communications that use performance monitoring parameters in a proactive packet protection switching scheme to reroute data traffic. The optical signal quality is captured by bit error ratio measurements and made available to higher-layers, which then trigger flow rerouting based on the per-flow optical signal quality. We experimentally demonstrate cross-layer communications in a test-bed supporting 8×10-Gb/s wavelength-striped optical packets. Furthermore, we compare cross-layer packet protection to a fast-reroute scheme in simulation, showing reduced packet loss rates and gains in throughput that are dependent on impairment dynamics and network size.
Normative database of judgment of complexity task with functional near infrared spectroscopy – Application for TBI (2012)

We construct a normative database for a simple cognitive test which can be useful in evaluating cognitive disability such as mild traumatic brain injury. Our results with fNIRS show activation from the medial frontopolar cortex
A prioritization method for handover algorithm in IPDC over DVB-H System (2008)

DVB-H (Digital Video Broadcasting for Handheld) is a standard that was developed to enable broadcast distribution of multimedia services such as MobileTV to the handhelds. The DVB-H standard was further enhanced by IPDC over DVB-H standard which defined complete end- to-end DVB-H system and hence maximized the interoperability between networks and terminals. Even though standards enable complete solutions for implementation, there are several different ways to realize the actual terminal implementation. One of the key features within DVB-H and IPDC over DVB-H standards is to ensure the reception of services when terminal switches the point of reception, i.e. performs handover. The latter has been a topic of research for a quite some time and several different approaches have been provided. This paper introduces another element for the handover and particularly for the implementation of handover algorithm. A prioritization method for handover algorithm in IPDC over DVB-H system is presented.
Synthetic biology and microbioreactor platforms for programmable production of biologics at the point-of-care (2016)

Current biopharmaceutical manufacturing systems are not compatible with portable or distributed production of biologics, as they typically require the development of single biologic-producing cell lines followed by their cultivation at very large scales. Therefore, it remains challenging to treat patients in short time frames, especially in remote locations with limited infrastructure. To overcome these barriers, we developed a platform using genetically engineered Pichia pastoris strains designed to secrete multiple proteins on programmable cues in an integrated, benchtop, millilitre-scale microfluidic device. We use this platform for rapid and switchable production of two biologics from a single yeast strain as specified by the operator. Our results demonstrate selectable and near-single-dose production of these biologics in <24 h with limited infrastructure requirements. We envision that combining this system with analytical, purification and polishing technologies could lead to a small-scale, portable and fully integrated personal biomanufacturing platform that could advance disease treatment at point-of-care.