gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Pore Structure on Carbonate Stimulation Treatment Using VES-Based HCl (2018)

Abstract This study investigates the performance of viscoelastic surfactant (VES)-based HCl stimulation fluids as a function of carbonate rock type and quantifies the response of the acid to different pore-structures. A pore-structure evaluation during stimulation design could lead to a successful field treatment. Coreflood tests were conducted using several types of limestone cores with permeabilities ranging from 2.5 to 155 md. Intergranular pores were dominant in the Indiana limestone and Austin chalk samples investigated, whereas moldic pores were dominant in the Pink desert, Edwards yellow, Winterset, and Edwards white cores. Tracer experiments characterized the pore structure in each carbonate sample, and the tracer fluid was injected at 5 cm3/min and 75°F into the cores with dimensions of 6 in. length and 1.5 in. diameter. The tracer effluent data was used to measure accessible porosity (flowing fraction) for each core sample. After the tracer, the VES acid was injected at rates from 1 to 10 cm3/min and 150°F to determine pore volume to breakthrough (PVbt). The wormhole patterns were analyzed using computed tomography (CT) scan images, and the pattern complexity was examined by fractal dimension analysis. A better pore connectivity showed for Indiana limestone compared to Edwards yellow, Winterset limestone, and Edwards white. The flowing fractions were 1, 0.86, 0.61, and 0.53 for Indiana limestone, Edwards yellow, Winterset limestone, and Edwards white, respectively. The PVbt of Indiana limestone ranged from 0.62 to 0.92. Cores with lower pore connectivity, such as Edwards yellow, had PVbt ranging from 0.52 to 0.81, Winterset limestone from 0.34 to 0.49, and Edwards white from 0.21 to 0.36. These results revealed that higher flowing fractions are required with a higher PVbt. Rocks that have the same dominant pore-structures usually exhibit similar wormhole behavior. Prior to this study, the performance of VES fluids had only been studied on carbonate rocks with well-connected intergranular porosity. The results of this study show that porosity distribution of the rock affects the response to acids.
Continual Cell Deformation Induced via Attachment to Oriented Fibers Enhances Fibroblast Cell Migration (2015)

Fibroblast migration is critical to the wound healing process. In vivo, migration occurs on fibrillar substrates, and previous observations have shown that a significant time lag exists before the onset of granulation tissue. We therefore conducted a series of experiments to understand the impact of both fibrillar morphology and migration time. Substrate topography was first shown to have a profound influence. Fibroblasts preferentially attach to fibrillar surfaces, and orient their cytoplasm for maximal contact with the fiber edge. In the case of en-mass cell migration out of an agarose droplet, fibroblasts on flat surfaces emerged with an enhanced velocity, v = 52μm/h, that decreases to the single cell value, v = 28μm/h within 24 hours and remained constant for at least four days. Fibroblasts emerging on fibrillar surfaces emerged with the single cell velocity, which remained constant for the first 24 hours and then increased reaching a plateau with more than twice the initial velocity within the next three days. The focal adhesions were distributed uniformly in cells on flat surfaces, while on the fibrillar surface they were clustered along the cell periphery. Furthermore, the number of focal adhesions for the cells on the flat surfaces remained constant, while it decreased on the fibrillar surface during the next three days. The deformation of the cell nuclei was found to be 50% larger on the fiber surfaces for the first 24 hours. While the mean deformation remained constant on the flat surface, it increased for the next three days by 24% in cells on fibers. On the fourth day, large actin/myosin fibers formed in cells on fibrillar surfaces only and coincided with a change from the standard migration mechanism involving extension of lamellipodia, and retraction of the rear, to one involving strong contractions oriented along the fibers and centered about the nucleus.
Evolution of Symptoms After Ustekinumab Induction Therapy in Patients With Crohn’s Disease (2023)

gov numbers, NCT01369329, NCT01369342, and NCT01369355.
MUC1-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes in Cancer Therapy: Induction and Challenge (2012)

MUC1 glycoprotein is often found overexpressed and hypoglycosylated in tumor cells from numerous cancer types. Since its discovery MUC1 has been an attractive target for antitumor immunotherapy. Indeed, in vitro and in vivo experiments have shown T-cell-specific responses against MUC1 in an HLA-restricted and HLA-unrestricted manner, although some animal models have highlighted the possible development of tolerogenic responses against this antigen. These observations permit the development of new T-cell vaccine strategies capable of inducing an MUC1-specific cytotoxic T cell response in cancer patients. Some of these strategies are now being tested in clinical trials against different types of cancer. To date, encouraging clinical responses have been observed with some MUC1 vaccines in phase II/III clinical trials. This paper compiles knowledge regarding MUC1 as a promising tumor antigen for antitumor therapeutic vaccines applicable to numerous cancers. We also summarize the results of MUC1-vaccine-based clinical trials.
Wall pressure fluctuations beneath swept shock wave/boundary layer interactions (1993)

An experimental research program providing basic knowledge and establishing a database on the fluctuating pressure loads produced on aerodynamic surfaces beneath 3D shock wave/boundary layer interactions is presented. A turbulent boundary layer on a flat plate is subjected to interactions with swept planar shock waves generated by sharp fins at angle of attack. Measurements are made for the first time in the aft areas of these interactions, showing fluctuating pressure levels as high as 160 dB.
High-frequency dielectric response of SrTiO3crystals, ceramics and thin films (2000)

Abstract Far infrared (FIR) soft-mode dielectric responses of bulk SrTiO3 single crystal, flux-grown plate-like crystal, bulk ceramics and several thin films in the 10-300 K range are measured and compared. Huge differences among the samples are observed, particularly below the antiferrodistortive transition, where the soft mode frequency in films and ceramics levels off near - 60 cm−1. The reason for it is connected mainly with internal stresses induced by the transition, however quantitative estimates are missing. Soft mode spectroscopy is shown to be extremely sensitive to the quality of the film.
Wavelength dependent phase locking in quantum cascade laser Y-junctions (2008)

Midinfrared quantum cascade lasers with monolithically integrated Y-junctions are investigated. Two different emission wavelengths of 10.5 and 4.2μm were realized in two different material systems, lattice-matched GaAs∕AlGaAs on GaAs and strain-compensated InGaAs∕InAlAs∕AlAs on InP. With identical Y-junction dimensions, phase locking is observed in both structures. In GaAs based devices, fundamental lateral modes are present in the coupled waveguides, which are coherently synchronized at the Y-junction. In InP based devices, modes of higher order are excited, which originate from coupling. The generation of multiple modes yields an out-of-phase fraction which reduces the level of coherence.
Counting clicks and beeps: Exploring numerosity based haptic and audio PIN entry (2012)

Haptic and audio cues now appear commonly in computer interfaces, partially due to inherent advantages such as their support for eyes-free interaction. Their invisible, unobservable nature also makes them ideal candidates for security interfaces in which users have to enter secret information such as passwords. In particular, researchers have explored this idea through the design of PIN entry authentication systems based on multi-modal combinations of visual and non-visual content or on the recognition of small sets of unimodal haptic or audio stimuli. This paper highlights the benefits and performance limitations of these approaches and introduces an alternative based on unimodal audio or haptic temporal numerosity - the ability to accurately and rapidly determine the number of cues presented in rapid temporal succession. In essence, in a numerosity interface, rather than recognizing distinct cues, users must count the number of times that a single cue occurs. In an iterative process of design and evaluation, three prototypes implementing this concept are presented and studies of their use reported. The results show the fastest PIN entry times and lowest error rates to be 8 s and 2%, figures that improve substantially on previous research. These results are attained while maintaining low levels of workload and substantial resistance to observation attack (as determined via camera attack security studies). In sum, this paper argues that unimodal audio and haptic numerosity is a valuable and relatively unexplored metaphor for non-visual input and demonstrates the validity of this claim in the demanding task of unobservable authentication systems.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of the Acetylene Complex (C6H3Me3)(CO)2Cr(C2H2) with PMe3 and HNMe2. Crystal Structures of (C6H3Me3)(CO)2Cr(PMe3) and (C6H3Me3)(CO)2Cr(C(Me)NMe2). (1989)

Abstract Reactions of the acetylene complex (I) with the phosphine (II) and the amine (V) have already been published.
<title>High-Speed, Multi-Slice, X-Ray Computed Tomography</title> (1982)

During the first decade of CT scanner development, continuous progress has been made in scanning speed and resolution. This trend is expected to continue in the next decade as new source and detector technologies are introduced. CT has the theoretical potential to eventually rival fluoroscopy in both dynamic speed and resolution. This paper discusses the recent progress in development of the CVCT scanner, a millisecond electron-beam device, intended for high-speed multislice CT. Extensive evaluations using an electron-beam testbed device illustrate the feasibility of this approach.
Low Osmolar Contrast Agents: Pharmacoeconomic and Medicolegal Issues Surrounding Their Use (1994)

Most healthcare experts agree that there is a growing disparity between the availability of technology and society's ability to pay for it. Because consumerism in healthcare has become so intimidating to many practitioners, they are often compelled to provide the best, most highly advanced technologies available, regardless of their costs, to all patients. As one study notes, “technological advance is the dominant factor in the upward spiral in healthcare costs.” There is general agreement that some controls must be placed on our healthcare expenditures as evidenced by the call for “healthcare reform.” In this article, one group of pharmaceuticals used in diagnostic imaging, low osmolar contrast media (LOCM), and their impact on healthcare are considered. These relatively new radiopaque contrast agents are equally effective for diagnosis and apparently somewhat safer than the traditional high osmolar contrast media (HOCM). One striking difference between the two categories of contrast agents is that the LOCM cost approximately 15 to 25 times that of the HOCM. This example provides an excellent illustration of the concerns related to cost and benefit in healthcare, and raises many medical, legal, economic, and public policy questions that are addressed in this article.
RF subsystems implemented in mainstream CMOS - Overcoming special concerns affecting performance and cost (2006)

Research is underway to explore the feasibility of implementing complete RF subsystems in standard mainstream CMOS processes without a need for any off-chip components. Progress to date has verified that RF circuits and on-chip antennas adequate for chip to chip communication can be realized, and it can be stated with some certainty that feasibility has been established. Radio architecture, signaling methodology, and individual circuit blocks have been devised and confirmed. It remains to demonstrate an on-chip reference with +/-150 ppm stability, optimize the individual circuit blocks, and demonstrate the overall concept in a single integrated chip
Current issues in packet switch design (2003)

Addressing the ever growing capacity demand for packet switches, current research focuses on scheduling algorithms or buffer bandwidth reductions. Although these topics remain relevant, our position is that the primary design focus for systems beyond 1 Tb/s must be shifted to aspects resulting from packaging disruptions. Based on trends such as increased link rates and improved CMOS technologies, we derive new design factors for such switch fabrics. For instance, we argue that the packet round-trip transmission time within the fabric has become a major design parameter. Furthermore, we observe that high-speed fabrics have become extremely dependent on serial I/O technology that is both high speed and high density. Finally, we conclude that in developing the architecture, packaging constraints must be put first and not as an afterthought, which also applies to solving the tremendous power consumption challenges.
Enhanced Cementing Practices Address Unique Issues Found With SolidExpandable Tubular Applications (2007)

New and innovative technology has a way of significantly influencing peripheral products and processes. A case-in-point is the relationship between solid expandable tubulars and cementing practices. The early years of cementing expandable casing were filled with researchers working to develop novel chemistries and resourceful techniques for annular sealants that varied from modified conventional cements to highly-specialized non-Portland systems such as resins. Experience and time relegated many of these chemistries and systems to specific situations.Instead of needing atypical techniques and unique products, the more effective and applicable approach with solid expandables consisted of modified placement practices, training, logistics, and refined engineering of conventional cementing methods. But, as solid expandable tubulars are installed in deeper and higher-angled wells, annular sealant methods and products will be required to function in more extreme conditions.This paper will examine the evolution of cementing processes and products for solid expandable tubulars. Emphasis is placed on best practices and lessons learned, with the intent of giving the reader a practical field guide. Checklists for key slurry design issues and how they correlate with the job logistics of the expansion operation will be included. This paper will also discuss foreseeable application trends in expandable use and logical modifications and enhancements in cementing procedures, technology and chemistries.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS OF HYDRIDO(η1‐ALLYL)‐ AND HYDRIDO(η3‐ALLYL)IRIDIUM COMPLEXES (1985)

Abstract Der Versuch, den aus [η 5 ‐C 5 Me 5 IrCl 2 ] 2 und Allyl‐MgCl synthetisierten Chloro‐η 3 ‐allyl‐Komplex (I) durch sukzessive Umsetzung mit Trimethylphosphin und Hydrid in das Phosphin‐substituierte η 1 ‐Allylhydrid (VI) überzuführen, bleibt erfolglos.
Organ Repair, Hemostasis, and In Vivo Bonding of Medical Devices by Aqueous Solutions of Nanoparticles (2014)

Abstract Sutures are traumatic to soft connective tissues, such as liver or lungs. Polymer tissue adhesives require complex in vivo control of polymerization or cross‐linking reactions and currently suffer from being toxic, weak, or inefficient within the wet conditions of the body. Herein, we demonstrate using Stöber silica or iron oxide nanoparticles that nanobridging, that is, adhesion by aqueous nanoparticle solutions, can be used in vivo in rats to achieve rapid and strong closure and healing of deep wounds in skin and liver. Nanoparticles were also used to fix polymer membranes to tissues even in the presence of blood flow, such as occurring after liver resection, yielding permanent hemostasis within a minute. Furthermore, medical devices and tissue engineering constructs were fixed to organs such as a beating heart. The simplicity, rapidity, and robustness of nanobridging bode well for clinical applications, surgery, and regenerative medicine.
β3 Integrins Regulate Lymphocyte Migration and Cytokine Responses in Heart Transplant Rejection (2007)

Integrin alpha v beta 3 is important for cell survival, signaling and migration, particularly during angiogenesis and tumorigenesis, where it has been proposed as a therapeutic target. alpha v beta 3 is up-regulated following transplantation and beta 3 polymorphisms are associated with increased acute kidney rejection, suggesting that alpha v beta 3 may also play a role in transplant rejection. Here, using a model of allogeneic heart transplantation, we show that allograft survival is prolonged in beta 3 integrin-deficient (beta 3(-/-)) mice. This is associated with Th2-type immune responses and reduced T-cell infiltration into grafts and T cells from beta 3(-/-) mice show impaired adhesion and migration, consistent with a role for alpha v beta 3 in transmigration. These studies provide evidence that targeting beta 3 integrins impairs recruitment of effector cells and alters cytokine production, so prolonging graft survival. We also show that low doses of blocking antibodies against leukocyte function associated antigen-1 (LFA-1)/alpha L beta 2 and very late antigen-4 (VLA-4)/alpha 4 beta 1, when combined with deletion of beta 3, lead to long-term survival of allografts with no evidence of chronic rejection. Hence we provide strong mechanistic evidence supporting previous genetic studies, demonstrate the involvement of beta 3 integrins in both acute and chronic rejection and identify beta 3 as a new target for immunosuppressive therapy.
Long‐Range Correlations between Aliphatic 13C Nuclei in Protein MAS NMR Spectroscopy (2009)

Ein hocheffizienter Polarisationstransfer in MAS-NMR-Experimenten (MAS: Rotation im magischen Winkel) ist möglich durch eine Kombination von alternierenden 13C-Markierungen und bandselektiver Radiofrequenz(RF)-getriebener Wiedereinkopplung (BASE RFDR). Dabei wird die Bandselektivität schwacher RF-Strahlung genutzt, um die homonucleare Dipolwechselwirkung wieder einzuführen.
CNT Electronics: Nearly Single‐Chirality Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes Produced via Orthogonal Iterative Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation (Adv. Mater. 19/2011) (2011)

The cover depicts a thin-film transistor formed from a randomly oriented network of (6,5) single-walled carbon nanotubes. On p. 2185, Alexander Green and Mark Hersam describe a method of producing nearly single-chirality single-walled carbon nanotubes using iterative orthogonal density gradient ultracentrifugation. Semiconducting carbon nanotubes produced using this technique offer exceptional performance in thin-film transistors and are promising optoelectronic materials.
Abrasives (2002)

Abstract The term “abrasives” applies to articles and processes that are involved in removal or refinement of a workpiece surface. Abrasive articles are used in a plethora of different processes including: metal de‐gating, grinding, shaping, cutting, deburring, finishing, sanding, cleaning, polishing and planarizing. Today abrasive articles are employed in some aspect in most manufactured goods sold. There are four major forms of abrasive articles. Bonded abrasives are three dimensional composite of abrasive grains dispersed in a bond system; one popular form is a grinding wheel. Coated abrasives are described as a plurality of abrasive grains bonded to a backing. Non‐woven abrasives comprise a plurality of abrasive grains bonded into and onto a porous non‐woven substrate. Loose abrasive slurries comprise a plurality of abrasive grains dispersed in a liquid medium (e.g. water) and are employed in polishing applications to achieve a very fine surface finish. These abrasive articles rely on a broad range of technologies including ceramics, inorganic chemistry, paper, textiles, organic chemistry, polymer science, surface chemistry and related process technologies. As these technologies have grown, so has the advancement of abrasive technologies to create abrasive articles with even higher efficiencies.
Phase stability measurements of ferroelectric liquid crystal switches (1991)

The increasing importance of ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) devices in a variety of applications makes an understanding of the optical properties of FLC materials essential. In particular, thermal effects associated with switching and environmental conditions need to be understood to assess the potential of FLC devices in optical computing and optical processing and provide design information. Toward these goals, a transmission device consisting of a surface-stabilized cell filled with a smectic C * FLC was optically characterized. The cell was designed with a λ /(2Δ n ) thickness where Δ n is the birefringence of the uniaxial FLC. Using a specialized SLM interferometric characterization system, the relative phase birefringence as a function of temperature was determined. Phase shift data as a function of temperature are presented; these results are then compared with optical axis tilt angle data as a function of temperature. The latter data were generated by monitoring optical transmission between crossed polarizers.
Localized Arc-Plasma Phenomena for High-Voltage Photovoltaic Power Systems (2020)

Photovoltaic (PV) system certifications and codes have been modified to allow 1,500 V products onto the market which facilitate the plant engineering, procurement, and construction; however, the codes inadequately address the increased hazards to people and equipment in a high-voltage, photovoltaic plant that emanate from the rapid release of thermal energy, pressure waves, and electromagnetic interference of an arc-fault event. Existing calculations can contradict one another and are rooted in theory, not in physical testing. For this investigation, a localized arc-plasma model for a cylindrical geometry arc was developed from coupled electrodynamic, thermodynamic, and fluid mechanics equations, that were convolved together based on previous arc-discharge models [1]. The model was developed to assess incident energy, used for determining appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), as a function of spark-gap current. To validate the model, preliminary experiments were performed at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) with voltage levels as high as 1,500 V. Further utility-scale PV experiments were also conducted with current levels as high as 1,607 A to provide further data. Arc-stability, plasma column spectral features and radiative temperature rise were all evaluated during each respective test to provide radiated power values for validation. Overall preliminary results suggest a logarithmic increase in radiative power between 250 and 2800 W/cm for a current increase from 100 to 300 A.
Photopumped Lasing Characteristics in Green-to-Yellow Range for BeZnSeTe II–VI Compound Quaternary Double Heterostructures Grown on InP Substrates (2011)

The photopumped lasing characteristics of double heterostructures with a BeZnSeTe active layer grown on InP substrates were systematically investigated. Green-to-yellow lasing emissions from 538 to 570 nm were observed at room temperature (RT). The threshold excitation power density (Pth) was approximately 30 kW/cm2. From the temperature dependence of Pth, stable lasing emissions were obtained up to 353 K. The characteristic temperatures of Pth were 106 to 140 K above RT. The relationship between the threshold gain (Gth) and the threshold carrier density (Nth) was estimated from the cavity length dependence of Pth and by waveguide analysis. Using the relationship between Gth and Nth, the threshold current densities (Jth) of electrically pumped BeZnSeTe laser diode structures were calculated to be less than 1.3 kA/cm2. Jth decreases as the lasing wavelength increases from 538 to 570 nm. The above results demonstrate that BeZnSeTe is a promising active-layer material for high-performance green-to-yellow LDs.