gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bioreactivity of stent material: Activation of platelets, coagulation, leukocytes and endothelial cell dysfunctionin vitro (2016)

Outcome of patients with coronary artery disease has been significantly improved by percutaneous coronary interventions with stent implantation. However, despite progress made on devices and antithrombotic treatments, stent thrombosis remains an important issue because of serious adverse consequences. Several mechanisms are assumed to favor stent thrombosis as platelet aggregation, fibrin formation, defective healing and local inflammation. The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro the thrombogenicity, proinflammatory properties and healing capacities of cobalt-chromium (CoCr), an alloy commonly used for cardiovascular implants. Platelet adhesion was quantified in static and flow conditions. Thrombin generation was performed using the calibrated automated thrombogram. Neutrophil adhesion and formation of extracellular traps were visualized by scanning electron microscopy and by immunofluorescence. The phenotype of endothelial cells grown on CoCr was analyzed using specific antibodies, whereas the procoagulant potential was analyzed by measuring thrombin generation and protein C activation. Our results show that human blood platelets adhere to and are activated on CoCr in static and flow conditions. Overall, CoCr significantly induced thrombin generation in the presence or absence of platelets by 1.5- and 4.8-fold, respectively, involving activation of the contact pathway and activation of platelets. CoCr triggered leukocyte adhesion and behaved as a scaffold for the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps in the presence of platelets. Endothelial cells adhered and formed a monolayer covering CoCr. However, they switched from an anticoagulant phenotype to a procoagulant one with a significant 2.2-fold increase in thrombin generation due to a combined 30% reduced capacity to trigger protein C activation and 30% increased expression of tissue factor. Moreover, endothelial cells grown on CoCr acquired an inflammatory phenotype as indicated by the increased expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. These data show that bare CoCr is prothrombotic and proinflammatory due to its capacity to activate platelets and coagulation and to induce leukocyte adhesion and activation. More importantly, even if endothelialization is achievable, the switch in endothelial phenotype prevents effective healing. Furthermore, we propose our methodology for future preclinical in vitro evaluation of the thrombogenicity of stent materials.
FIDEUS project: a new integrated solution for goods delivery in urban areas (2006)

cause and victim of such problems. If no measures are undertaken in the future, statistics show the risk of a continuous increase in traffic volumes, that will be due in part to freight flows (about 20 per cent). Such a situation affects the quality of life as well as the environment, and for freight transport itself means a loss of efficiency. Today's solutions are often based on restrictive policies that include low emission zones, access control, road pricing or time limits for the logistic operations. Only in the last few years experimental initiatives are going towards a positive approach, in which public authorities offer ad hoc facilities like freight villages or reserved lanes. The thirteen partners of the FIDEUS project, coordinated by Centro Ricerche FIAT and co-funded by the European Commission - DG Research, aim to develop a new approach for the freight delivery in urban space, by proposing a family of vehicles with high performance, a reorganised logistic flow and a telematic tool for the logistics management. The complementary set of vehicles includes a completely new Micro Carrier for deliveries in pedestrian areas, a van and a lorry with technical solutions that permit a reduction in the environmental impact (noise included) and improve the safety and efficiency of the transhipment operations. The telematic tool, besides guaranteeing the freight and vehicle tracking, make it possible to share information and to coordinate activity and needs of drivers, fleet managers and public authorities. In fact, cities will provide some facilities like reserved lanes or transhipment areas, where the main vehicles can unload their freight for consequent delivery through the Micro Carrier. For this reason, a new type of multimode container will also be designed to facilitate the transhipment operations. This integrated approach will be tested in three different European cities - Barcelona, Lyon and Hannover - to validate the FIDEUS concepts and solutions (A). For the covering abstract of the conference see ITRD E212343.
Molecular Interaction Fields and 3D-QSAR Studies of p53−MDM2 Inhibitors Suggest Additional Features of Ligand−Target Interaction (2010)

The design and optimization of small molecule inhibitors of the murine double minute clone 2-p53 (p53-MDM2) interaction has attracted a great deal of interest as a way to novel anticancer therapies. Herein we report 3D-QSAR studies of 41 small molecule inhibitors based on the use of molecular interaction fields and docking experiments as part of an approach to generating predictive models of MDM2 affinity and shedding further light on the structural elements of the ligand-target interaction. These studies have yielded predictive models explaining much of the variance of the 41 compound training set and satisfactorily predicting with 75% success an external test set of 36 compounds. Not surprisingly, and in full agreement with previous data, inspection of the 3D-QSAR coefficients reveals that the major driving force for potent inhibition is given by the hydrophobic interaction between the inhibitors and the p53 binding cleft of MDM2. More surprisingly, and challenging previous suggestions, the projection of the 3D-QSAR coefficients back onto the experimental structures of MDM2 provides an intriguing hypothesis concerning an active role played by the N-terminal region of MDM2 in ligand binding.
Tunable linearly polarized intrinsically single-mode fiber laser using a 40-´m core-diameter Yb-doped photonic-crystal fiber laser (2005)

We report a 40-&mu;m core-diameter, Yb-doped, air-clad photonic crystal fiber laser operating continuous-wave with intrinsic single-transverse-mode beam quality (M<sup>2</sup> ~ 1.25). The laser was tunable over the 1020nm-1050nm range, exhibited a spectral linewidth <5GHz, was temporally stable and linearly polarized with a polarization extinction ratio >93%. The maximum output power obtained was ~14 W (limited by the available pump power).
DWI Metrics Differentiating Benign Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms from Invasive Pancreatic Cancer: A Study in GEM Models (2022)

KPC (KrasG12D:Trp53R172H:Pdx1-Cre) and CKS (KrasG12D:Smad4L/L:Ptf1a-Cre) mice are genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models that capture features of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN), respectively. We compared these autochthonous tumors using quantitative imaging metrics from diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) and dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE)-MRI in reference to quantitative histological metrics including cell density, fibrosis, and microvasculature density. Our results revealed distinct DW-MRI metrics between the KPC vs. CKS model (mimicking human PDAC vs. IPMN lesion): the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of CKS tumors is significantly higher than that of KPC, with little overlap (mean ± SD 2.24±0.2 vs. 1.66±0.2, p<10−10) despite intratumor and intertumor variability. Kurtosis index (KI) is also distinctively separated in the two models. DW imaging metrics are consistent with growth pattern, cell density, and the cystic nature of the CKS tumors. Coregistration of ex vivo ADC maps with H&E-stained sections allowed for regional comparison and showed a correlation between local cell density and ADC value. In conclusion, studies in GEM models demonstrate the potential utility of diffusion-weighted MRI metrics for distinguishing pancreatic cancer from benign pancreatic cysts such as IPMN.
Network scan detection with LQS (2011)

Network scanning reveals valuable information of accessible hosts over the Internet and their offered network services, which allows significant narrowing of potential targets to attack. Addressing and balancing a set of sometimes competing desirable properties is required to make network scanning detection more appealing in practice: 1) fast detection of scanning activity to enable prompt response by intrusion detection and prevention systems; 2) acceptable rate of false alarms, keeping in mind that false alarms may lead to legitimate traffic being penalized; 3) high detection rate with the ability to detect stealthy scanners; 4) efficient use of monitoring system resources; and 5) immunity to evasion. In this paper, we present a scanning detection algorithm designed to accommodate all of these goals. LQS is a fast, accurate, and light-weight scan detection algorithm that leverages the key properties of the monitored network environment as variables that affect how the scanning detection algorithm operates. We also present what is, to our knowledge, the first automated way to estimate a reference baseline in the absence of ground truth, for use as an evaluation methodology for scan detection. Using network traces from two sites, we evaluate LQS and compare its scan detection results with those obtained by the state-of-the-art TRW algorithm. Our empirical analysis shows significant improvements over TRW in all of these properties.
Development of a passive, in situ, integrative sampler for hydrophilic organic contaminants in aquatic environments (2004)

Increasingly it is being realized that a holistic hazard assessment of complex environmental contaminant mixtures requires data on the concentrations of hydrophilic organic contaminants including new generation pesticides, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and many chemicals associated with household, industrial, and agricultural wastes. To address this issue, we developed a passive in situ sampling device (the polar organic chemical integrative sampler [POCIS]) that integratively concentrates trace levels of complex mixtures of hydrophilic environmental contaminants, enables the determination of their time-weighted average water concentrations, and provides a method of estimating the potential exposure of aquatic organisms to the complex mixture of waterborne contaminants. Using a prototype sampler, linear uptake of selected herbicides and pharmaceuticals with log K(ow)s < 4.0 was observed for up to 56 d. Estimation of the ambient water concentrations of chemicals of interest is achieved by using appropriate uptake models and determination of POCIS sampling rates for appropriate exposure conditions. Use of POCIS in field validation studies targeting the herbicide diuron in the United Kingdom resulted in the detection of the chemical at estimated concentrations of 190 to 600 ng/L. These values are in agreement with reported levels found in traditional grab samples taken concurrently.
Effects of catalyst thickness on the fabrication and performance of carbon nanotube-templated thin layer chromatography plates (2013)

The effects of iron catalyst thickness on the fabrication and performance of microfabricated, binder-free, carbon nanotube (CNT)-templated, thin layer chromatography (TLC) plates are demonstrated. The iron catalyst was deposited at thicknesses ranging from 4 to 18 nm in increments of 2 nm. Its thickness plays a key role in governing the integrity and separation capabilities of microfabricated TLC plates, as determined using a test dye mixture. Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy show that smaller and more numerous catalyst nanoparticles are formed from thinner Fe layers, which in turn govern the diameters and densities of the CNTs. The average diameter of the Fe nanoparticles, Dp, is approximately six times the initial Fe film thickness, tFe: Dp ≈ 6tFe. After deposition of relatively thick silicon layers on CNTs made with different Fe thicknesses, followed by oxidation, all of the resulting CNT-templated SiO2 wires had nearly the same diameter. Consequently, their surface areas were very similar, although their areal densities on the TLC plates were not because thinner catalyst layers produce denser CNT forests. For tFe = 6 nm, nanotube growth appears to be base growth, not tip growth. Best TLC separations of a test dye mixture were obtained with plates prepared with 6 or 4 nm of catalyst. Calculations suggest a loss of surface area for TLC plates made with thicker Fe layers as a result of fewer, thicker CNTs, where the density of silica nanotubes (device surface area) goes approximately as 1/tFe2. While the focus of this paper is toward a greater understanding of the processing conditions that lead to the best TLC plates, a baseline separation of three analgesics (caffeine, phenacetine, and propyphenazone) is shown on a normal phase TLC plate grown with 6 nm of iron.
Spectroscopic Characterization of the SEI Layer Formed on Lithium Metal Electrodes in Phosphonium Bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide Ionic Liquid Electrolytes (2018)

The chemical composition of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer formed on the surface of lithium metal electrodes cycled in phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide ionic liquid (IL) electrolytes are characterized by magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. A multiphase layered structure is revealed, which is shown to remain relatively unchanged during extended cycling (up to 250 cycles at 1.5 mA·cm<sup>-2</sup>, 3 mA h·cm<sup>-2</sup>, 50 °C). The main components detected by MAS NMR and XPS after several hundreds of cycles are LiF and breakdown products from the bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide anion including Li<sub>2</sub>S. Similarities in chemical composition are observed in the case of the dilute (0.5 mol·kg<sup>-1</sup> of Li salt in IL) and the highly concentrated (3.8 mol·kg<sup>-1</sup> of Li salt in IL) electrolyte during cycling. The concentrated system is found to promote the formation of a thicker and more uniform SEI with larger amounts of reduced species from the anion. These SEI features are thought to facilitate more stable and efficient Li cycling and a reduced tendency for dendrite formation.
ChemInform Abstract: Monodentate Chiral Ferrocenyl Ligands (2011)

Abstract Review: 33 refs.
Review of a solution-processed vertical organic transistor as a solid-state vacuum tube (2015)

In this paper, we investigate the key issues in raising the on/off current ratio and increasing the output current. A 1 V operated inverter composed of an enhancement-mode space–charge-limited transistor (SCLT) and a depletion-mode SCLT is demonstrated using the self-assembled monolayer modulation process. With a bulk-conduction mechanism, good bias-stress reliability, and good bending durability are obtained. Finally, key scaling-up processes, including nanoimprinting and blade-coated nanospheres, are demonstrated.
High power GaAs/AlGaAs Mode-Locked lasers (2009)

This work shows preliminary results from colliding-pulse mode-locked lasers in a GaAs/AlGaAs high-power material structure, where COMD limits the output power to 40 mW. Results of gain and absorption spectra, measured to model the mode-locking operation of the devices, are also presented.
A first-in-human study investigating biodistribution, safety and recommended dose of a new radiolabeled MAb targeting FZD10 in metastatic synovial sarcoma patients (2018)

The study was registered on the NCT01469975 website with a registration code NCT01469975 on November the third, 2011.
On Radio-Frequency-Based Detection of High-Frequency Circulating Bearing Current Flow (2014)

The possibility of bearing damage caused by inverter-induced bearing currents in modern variable-speed drive systems has been well recognized today. Further research is needed to develop appropriate nonintrusive methods for detection and monitoring of such currents. A radio-frequency-based nondestructive method has been applied to detect discharge bearing currents. The method is understood to work on the energy that is radiated in the electric field during the bearing discharge event. We show that the method is also applicable to high-frequency circulating bearing currents that have so far been associated with ohmic bearing characteristics and no discharges occurring. The analysis and understanding of the applicability of the method to detect such currents also contributes to further understanding of the electric characteristics of the bearing, notably the moment the current conduction begins.
VEGF Potentiates GD3-Mediated Immunosuppression by Human Ovarian Cancer Cells (2016)

We found that VEGF inhibition restores NKT-cell function in an in vitro ovarian cancer model. These studies suggest that the combination of immune modulation with antiangiogenic treatment has therapeutic potential in ovarian cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 22(16); 4249-58. ©2016 AACR.
Salado Flow Modeling in WIPP Performance Assessment. (2020)

Abstract not provided.
Coherent optical communications & amp; signal processing using optical frequency combs (2005)

This paper discusses use of optical frequency combs generated by modelocked semiconductor lasers for coherent photonic signal processing applications. Targeted applications lie in areas of metrology, optical sampling, arbitrary waveform generation and communications using coherent detection.
Radioactive Tracing As Aid for Diagnosing Chemical Reactors (2000)

Radioactive tracing is often the only fine and non-intrusive technique for characterising the flow of phases in chemical reactors. Provided that methodological constraints have been respected, this tracing allows to study, from a chemical engineering point of view, the flow of a phase by the measurement of local residence-time distributions (RTD) or internal ages distributions. From these distributions one can deduce the nature of the marked flow, which is required for scale extrapolation; the example of a packed column is given to illustrate this point. These distributions may validate computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes as it is pointed out in the tracing of a crystallisation process by desublimation of a hot gas by a cold one. In this case, computed aerodynamics is confirmed by the experimental build-up of a systemic model; the reaction zone is then numerically localised with a high degree of confidence. A specific property of the radioactive tracing is that the signal monitored by a nuclear probe is inversely proportional to the volumetric flow rate near the probe. Then, modelling the enthalpic balance leads in a simple way to the local corresponding temperature as it is featured in the example of the tracing of a quenching tower. These measurements, even if they can point out maldistributions of flows, are not suitable for their localisations; this is the purpose of static or dynamical imaging techniques. Among them, the single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) enables to reconstruct the image of the repartition of a tracer in the cross-section of a cylindrical reactor from a limited number of nuclear detectors. Advantages and limitations of SPECT are presented and an example of localisation of maldistributions is given. Finally, the correct treatment of images given by a gamma camera constitutes an interesting way for the visualisation and estimation of the repartition of a radioactive tracer in a laboratory three-phase catalytic reactor of the Mahoney-Robinson type used for the desulfurization of gas oils. The influence of the agitation speed on the local efficiency of the gas and liquid mass transfers can be pointed out.
Protein microarrays: a powerful tool to study cancer. (2002)

Protein microarrays offer a robust way of examining the cellular proteome. The use of protein arrays to study cancer will enable better understanding of the molecular events associated with tumor development and progression. The use of antigen and antibody arrays could revolutionize the area of biomarker discovery, deciphering biochemical and signaling pathways and pharmaceutical research. This review will focus on current developments in the area of protein microarrays and their application in the study of cancer.
Building Blocks for the Construction of Bioorthogonally Reactive Peptides via Solid‐Phase Peptide Synthesis (2014)

The need for post-synthetic modifications and reactive prosthetic groups has long been a limiting factor in the synthesis and study of peptidic and peptidomimetic imaging agents. In this regard, the application of biologically and chemically orthogonal reactions to the design and development of novel radiotracers has the potential to have far-reaching implications in both the laboratory and the clinic. Herein, we report the synthesis and development of a series of modular and versatile building blocks for inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder copper-free click chemistry: tetrazine-functionalized artificial amino acids. Following the development of a novel peptide coupling protocol for peptide synthesis in the presence of tetrazines, we successfully demonstrated its effectiveness and applicability. This versatile methodology has the potential to have a transformational impact, opening the door for the rapid, facile, and modular synthesis of bioorthogonally reactive peptide probes.
Diversity Transmission of Synchronization Sequences in MIMO Systems (2012)

We address diversity schemes for synchronization signal transmission in MIMO systems. We provide both analytical and numerical evaluation of different diversity schemes in different scenarios in terms of signal-to-noise ratio, spatial correlation and maximum Doppler frequency. We first derive an expression for probability of detection in presence of transmit, receive and time diversity. We establish statistical properties of optimum spatial diversity transmission schemes and analytically characterize also the performance of more practical diversity schemes. Analytical results are verified with simulations. Finally we provide extensive results on both optimum schemes as well as the more practical open-loop schemes in different diversity scenarios. The results of the paper can be used to facilitate practical design and implementation of synchronization in multi-antenna wireless systems.
Resonant coupling from photonic crystal surfaces to plasmonic nanoantennas: principles, detection instruments, and applications in digital resolution biosensing (2018)

Coupling of electromagnetic energy from macroscale external light sources to nanometer-scale volumes associated with plasmonic and dielectric nanoantennas is utilized for excitation of Raman scattering on nanoparticles, excitation of semiconductor quantum dots, and resonant optical absorption. These phenomena are used in the context of detection of biomolecules for applications that include disease diagnostics from single-droplet test samples derived from bodily fluids.
Deconvolution in real time of noisy signals (2005)

This paper presents an analysis of the constrained least squares filter and a feedback structure is derived which shows the noise cancelling properties of the filter. Using an identification algorithm, it is shown how the constrained least squares filter can be replaced by a finite impulse response filter which can be implemented on-line. The limitations of this F.I.R. filter are discussed. The non-linear behaviour of the constrained least squares (C.L.S.) filter is investigated and, using the proposed feedback structure, it is indicated how a non-linear recursive filter can be identified for on-line implementation.
Economic considerations in fiber-to-the-home deployment (2004)

Fiber-to-the-home has been desired as an access medium to the home, since it offers nearly limitless bandwidth for future services. Yet, after 20 years, its deployment has been mostly limited to trials. We review economic factors which seem to have thwarted U. S. deployment, and speculate on future developments that can change this.