gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
#5390 INTENSIFIED B CELL DEPLETION THERAPY IN ANCA-VASCULITIS WITH SEVERE RENAL IMPAIRMENT AS COMPARED TO CONVENTIONAL IMMUNOSUPPRESSION (2023)

Abstract Background and Aims Rituximab (RTX) has shown to be an effective induction treatment for small-vessel vasculitides associated with antineutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (AAV) in both newly diagnosed and relapsing patients. However, the role of RTX in the management of the most severe cases of AAV remains to be fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to assess both safety and efficacy of an intensified B-cell depletion therapy (IBCDT) protocol, including RTX, cyclophosphamide (CYC), and methylprednisolone pulses without additional maintenance immunosuppressive therapy in a cohort of 15 AAV patients with the most severe features of AVV renal involvement (as &amp;lt;15 ml/min GFR and histological findings of paucimmune necrotizing glomerulonephritis with more than 50% crescents of non-sclerotic glomeruli at the renal biopsy). Method Results of the IBCDT regimen have been compared to those obtained in a control cohort of 10 patients with AAV treated with a conventional therapy regimen based on oral CYC and steroids followed by a prolonged maintenance therapy with azathioprine (AZA). Plasma exchange was equally employed in the study and the control group. Results Complete clinical remission (BVAS 0) was observed at 6 months in 14 of 15 patients treated with IBCDT (93%). All cases who achieved a complete clinical remission experienced a depletion of peripheral blood B cells at the end of therapy. Of the 10 dialysis dependent patients at onset, 6 subjects (60%) experienced a functional recovery allowing the suspension of dialysis treatment. When compared to the control group, no statistically significant difference was observed in patients treated with IBCDT in terms of overall survival, 6-month therapeutic response rate, and 6-, and 12-month functional renal recovery. The cumulative total dose of CYC in the case group was on average 1 g/patient while in the control group on average 8.5 g/patient (p = 0.00008). Conclusion Despite the retrospective design and relative limited sample size, IBCDT appeared to be safe and had the same efficacy profile when compared to the conventional therapy with CYC plus AZA in the management of the most severe patients with AAV. Additionally, this avoided the need of prolonged maintenance therapy for long, and limited the exposure to CYC with consequent reduced toxicity and drug-related side effect rates.
Engineering the nanocrystalline structure of TiO2 films by aerodynamically filtered cluster deposition (2002)

We have produced nanocrystalline titanium dioxide films with different structures (anatase or rutile) by depositing mass selected clusters from the gas phase. Nanoparticles are produced by a pulsed microplasma cluster source and are selected by aerodynamic separation effects. We have characterized nanocrystalline films by Raman spectromicroscopy and transmission electron microscopy, showing that the films assembled with very small clusters have a predominant rutile phase, whereas larger clusters form films with anatase structure. Our observations suggest that phonon confinement effects are responsible for a significant shift and broadening observed for the Raman peaks.
Synthesis of New Oxapenams and Carbapenams (1982)

Diazoketones derived from 4-thioazetldinon-1-ylacetic acids, on metal-catalysed decomposition, gave either carbapenams andlor oxapenams depending upon the nature o f the substituent present on the thia function.Synthesis o f a novel axapenam carboxylic acid 16 which exhlblted potent 8-lactamase mhibitory properties comparable t o clavulanlc acid is described.Copper-catalysed decompositiw, of some monocyclic azetidmone diazoketones possessing a t h e r an arylthlo group or an slkylthio group a t posltian-4 was recently reported by Oida, Yoshtda and Dhkl1.They observed the formation o f 2-arylthiomethylene oxapenam 3 i n the former case and an oxocephanl !!i n the l a t t e r 2 instance.Recently we reported the formation of a m i x t u r e o f carbapenams 6 and 1 and an oxapenam 8 i n R : p -n i t r a b e n z y l the decomposltim of d~azoketone 1.We would now like to present some of the results w i t h monocyclic azetidinone d~azoketones possessmg different mercaptan substituents a t posttion-4.
Spontaneous Internal Carotid Artery Dissection in Osteogenesis Imperfecta (2009)

Received November 4, 2008 Revised December 17, 2008 Accepted December 24, 2008 *Kwang Ho Lee, MD Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Ilwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea Tel: +82-2-3410-3590 Fax: +82-2-3410-0052 E-mail: khlee3590@skku.edu 자발성 속목동맥 박리는 젊은 나이에 발생하는 뇌졸중의 흔 한 원인으로 알려져 있다. 아직 질환의 병인이 명확하게 밝혀 진 바는 없으나, 전신적인 결체조직 질환과 연관된 동맥병증이 발병에 기여한다는 가설과 이를 지지해 주는 보고가 있다. 저자 들은 유전성 결체조직 질환인 골형성부전증(osteogenesis imperfecta) 환자에서 드물게 발생하는 자발성 속목동맥 박리 1예 를 경험하였기에 이에 대한 소견과 함께 임상적인 의의를 보고 한다.
The impact and performance of electromigration on fine pitch Cu pillar with different bump structure for flip chip packaging (2015)

The electromigration (EM) behavior and performance of solder capped Cu pillar assembled with bump on trace (BOT) processed by mass reflow is measured and analyzed. The interconnections with two different Cu pillar bump structures were tested: Cu post + SnAg solder tip and Cu post + Ni barrier +SnAg solder tip. Emphasis is placed on the EM impact and performance of the two different Cu pillar bump structures. The test temperature ranged from 130–150°C and the current of 500–900mA was applied, which is corresponding to the current density 25–45kA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The substrate side finish is organic solderability preservative (OSP) on Cu trace. The Cu pillar bump pitch is 87µm and the bump size is 50µm. Some important results are summarized in the following.
A broadly neutralizing antibody protects against SARS-CoV, pre-emergent bat CoVs, and SARS-CoV-2 variants in mice (2021)

SARS-CoV in 2003, SARS-CoV-2 in 2019, and SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) can cause deadly infections, underlining the importance of developing broadly effective countermeasures against Group 2B Sarbecoviruses, which could be key in the rapid prevention and mitigation of future zoonotic events. Here, we demonstrate the neutralization of SARS-CoV, bat CoVs WIV-1 and RsSHC014, and SARS-CoV-2 variants D614G, B.1.1.7, B.1.429, B1.351 by a receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific antibody DH1047. Prophylactic and therapeutic treatment with DH1047 demonstrated protection against SARS-CoV, WIV-1, RsSHC014, and SARS-CoV-2 B1.351infection in mice. Binding and structural analysis showed high affinity binding of DH1047 to an epitope that is highly conserved among Sarbecoviruses. We conclude that DH1047 is a broadly neutralizing and protective antibody that can prevent infection and mitigate outbreaks caused by SARS-like strains and SARS-CoV-2 variants. Our results argue that the RBD conserved epitope bound by DH1047 is a rational target for pan Group 2B coronavirus vaccines.
Strain and hardness distributions in the cup wall drawn with ironing of 3004-H19 aluminum alloy sheets (2009)

The strain and hardness distributions in the drawn cup walls of the cold rolled 3004 aluminum alloy sheet were measured and discussed on the anisotropy and the effect of simultaneous wall ironing during cup drawing. The thickness strain in the cup wall is large along the TD direction of the sheet and is small along the RD direction. This phenomenon is considered to be corresponding to the anisotropy of r value in the cold rolled 3004 aluminum alloy sheet. In RD direction, the ears grow up at the cup wall edge because of the large radial strain balanced with small thickness strain. The sizing work that means ironing a part of the thicker cup wall tends to unify the distributions of thickness strain, and then the ears at the edge of cup wall become to be small. The hardness of the cup wall decreases by drawing to less than the material, and the hardness drop seems to be remarkable especially in TD direction where the thickness strain is large and the sizing work is heavy. The cause of hardness drop is considered to be due to the change of work hardened metal structure that depends on the additive strain through the complex different strain passes during cup drawing.
Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Mesophases of Lithium Dihydrogen Phosphate and 10‐Lauryl Ether Stabilized with Water or Phosphoric Acid (2022)

Abstract The molten phase of transition metal and lithium salts self‐assemble with non‐ionic surfactants to form lyotropic liquid crystalline (LLC) mesophases, which are important in the development of gel‐electrolytes and mesoporous materials. Here, we show that LiH 2 PO 4 forms a semi‐stable LLC mesophase with 10‐lauryl ether (C 12 H 25 (OCH 2 CH 2 ) 10 OH, C 12 E 10 ), decoded as Li−EO−X (X is LiH 2 PO 4 /C 12 E 10 mole ratio and between 2 and 200). The stability of the Li−EO−X phase is improved by increasing salt concentration (X&gt;20) in the media. The semi‐stable Li−EO−X mesophase is further stabilized by adding either water by controlling the humidity or H 3 PO 4 (PA) to the media. The phase behaviour of the above samples was investigated using POM, XRD, conductivity, and ATR‐FTIR measurements. The addition of PA not only brings stability and higher conductivity (increase from 0.1 to 8.9 mS/cm) to the mesophase but also produce an LLC gel‐electrolyte with a high buffer capacity that may be useful and important in various applications.
Using Temporal Checkers for Functional Coverage (2002)

Checkers based on temporal logic expressions provide efficient way to express and detect events that comprise of complex temporal scenarios. These checkers are used to detect violations of the specification and monitor coverage events. In this paper, we extend temporal logic checkers with auxiliary variables. These variables are attached to sub expressions and are assigned values when the sub expressions are evaluated. The use of auxiliary variables enables implementation of large cross-product coverage models with small number of checkers. This helps to reduce the simulation overhead caused by checkers, thus increasing the efficiency of simulation resources.
Data from <i>PRKAR1A</i> Inactivation Leads to Increased Proliferation and Decreased Apoptosis in Human B Lymphocytes (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The multiple neoplasia syndrome Carney complex (CNC) is caused by heterozygote mutations in the gene, which codes for the RIα regulatory subunit (&lt;i&gt;PRKAR1A&lt;/i&gt;) of protein kinase A. Inactivation of &lt;i&gt;PRKAR1A&lt;/i&gt; and the additional loss of the normal allele lead to tumors in CNC patients and increased cyclic AMP signaling in their cells, but the oncogenetic mechanisms in affected tissues remain unknown. Previous studies suggested that &lt;i&gt;PRKAR1A&lt;/i&gt; down-regulation may lead to increased mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. Here, we show that, in lymphocytes with &lt;i&gt;PRKAR1A&lt;/i&gt;-inactivating mutations, there is increased extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and B-raf phosphorylation and MAPK/ERK kinase 1/2 and c-Myc activation, whereas c-Raf-1 is inhibited. These changes are accompanied by increased cell cycle rates and decreased apoptosis that result in an overall net gain in proliferation and survival. In conclusion, inactivation of &lt;i&gt;PRKAR1A&lt;/i&gt; leads to widespread changes in molecular pathways that control cell cycle and apoptosis. This is the first study to show that human cells with partially inactivated RIα levels have increased proliferation and survival, suggesting that loss of the normal allele in these cells is not necessary for these changes to occur. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(21): 10603-12)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Dynamic Simulation of Compressor Station Operation Including Centrifugal Compressor and Gas Turbine (1990)

Dynamic simulation of the operation of a compressor station requires mathematical modelling of the dynamic behaviour of the compressor unit and various piping elements. Such models consist of large systems of non-linear partial differential equations describing the pipe flow together with non-linear algebraic equations describing the quasi-steady flow through various valves, constrictions and compressors. In addition, the models also include mathematical descriptions of the control system which consists of mixed algebraic and ordinary differential (mad) equations with some inequalities representing controllers’ limits. In this paper a numerical technique for the solution of the gas dynamics equations is described, which is based on the transfer matrix formulation relating the state vector time-difference at one side of an element to that on the other side. This approach facilitates incorporation of all elements transfer matrices into an overall transfer matrix according to the system geometrical connectivity. The paper also presents simulation results and comparison with actual field measurements of three case histories: 1) simulation of a compressor surge protection control process; 2) unit startup; and 3) slow transient of a compressor station responding to changes in the discharge pressure set point. Good agreement between simulation results and field measurements is demonstrated.
Introduction: Cytokine Biology Relevant to Infectious Diseases (2003)

Cytokine- and anticytokine-based therapies have already entered the mainstream of medical practice. Regulatory agencies continue to approve anticytokine therapies for patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and it appears highly likely that more will be approved in the near future. Cytokines also play a role in the pathogenesis of sepsis and septic shock. Two cytokines are particularly important: interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). However, these are not the only cytokines that are involved in sepsis, and many other cytokines are likely therapeutic targets. Whether blocking other cytokines, blocking more than one cytokine, or a combination of these will reduce mortality in the septic patient is unclear at the present time. As with many new areas in science and technology, spin-offs are anticipated. From the results of current trials examining the blocking of IL-1 and TNF-α in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, it is certain that more will be learned about the role of these cytokines in sepsis.
MERS Coronaviruses in Dromedary Camels, Egypt (2014)

We identified the near-full-genome sequence (29,908 nt, >99%) of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) from a nasal swab specimen from a dromedary camel in Egypt. We found that viruses genetically very similar to human MERS-CoV are infecting dromedaries beyond the Arabian Peninsula, where human MERS-CoV infections have not yet been detected.
Macrolactones and Polyesters from Ricinoleic Acid (2005)

A systematic study on the synthesis, characterization, and polymerization of ricinoleic acid (RA) lactone is reported. Ricinoleic acid lactones were synthesized by refluxing pure ricinoleic acid in chloroform (10 mg/mL) with dicyclohexylcarbodimide and (dimethylamino)pyridine as catalyst. Purification of RA lactones was performed by silica gel chromatography. The reaction resulted in a 75% yield of ricinoleic acid lactones. IR and NMR analysis confirmed the formation of cyclic compounds. Polymerization of the ricinoleic acid lactones with catalysts commonly used for ring-opening polymerization of lactones, under specific reaction conditions, resulted in oligomers. Copolymerization with lactide (LA) by ring-opening polymerization, using Sn(Oct) as catalyst, yielded copolyesters with molecular weights (M(w)) in the range of 5000-16000 and melting temperatures of 100-130 degrees C for copolymers containing 10-50% w/w ricinoleic acid residues. Degradation studies of the copolymers were performed in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution, pH 7.4, at 37 degrees C. P(LA-RA)s with up to 20% w/w RA slowly degraded and released only approximately 7% of its lactic acid content after 60 days of study, while pure PLA under similar conditions released more than 20% of its lactic acid content. On the other hand, copolyesters containing more then 20% w/w RA degraded and released lactic acid faster than pure PLA due to the low crystallinity of the copolymers.
Anti-reflectie coatings voor toepassing op zonnecollectoren, PV systemen en tuinbouwkassen (1999)

of voor tuinbouwkas sen, behoort tot de momentele technische mogelijkheden.Gezien vanuit
Equilibrium configurations of large nanostructures using embedded-fragment stochastic density functional theory (2017)

An ab initio Langevin dynamics approach is developed based on stochastic density functional theory (sDFT) within a new embedded fragment formalism. The forces on the nuclei generated by sDFT contain a random component natural to Langevin dynamics and its standard deviation is used to estimate the friction term on each atom by satisfying the fluctuation\textendash dissipation relation. The overall approach scales linearly with system size even if the density matrix is not local and is thus applicable to ordered as well as disordered extended systems. We implement the approach for a series of silicon nanocrystals (NCs) of varying size with a diameter of up to $3$nm corresponding to $N_{e}=3000$ electrons and generate a set of configurations that are distributed canonically at a fixed temperature, ranging from cryogenic to room temperature. We also analyze the structure properties of the NCs and discuss the reconstruction of the surface geometry.
Mars High Orbit Capture Using Manifolds in the Sun–Mars System (2020)

In this paper, based on previous work on transferring to periodic orbits from Nakamiya et al. [25], Dei Tos et al. [28], and Smet et al. [30], we further extend the periodic orbits and their associated invariant manifolds to orbit capture in the Martian system. Different from the research by Dei Tos et al. [28], we focus on using the periodic orbit to find capture opportunities into Keplerian orbits around Mars, especially the Mars high orbit, which has not been paid attention to before. Instead of capturing the spacecraft directly into the target orbit, the spacecraft transfers first to a stable manifold of a periodic orbit at a low-altitude periapsis and then moves along an unstable manifold of the same periodic orbit to the target orbit. The proposed capture scheme separates a single capture maneuver into several smaller capture maneuvers at different periapsides. Meanwhile, the orbit parameters relative to the target planet are changed by multibody perturbations naturally, which reduces the capture cost. The properties of the manifold-assisted capture are investigated in the rotating frame, and the transfer trajectory in high-fidelity model is designed. The simulation results show that the proposed capture method requires up to 32% less velocity increment than direct capture based on two-body theory. It also has advantages in the flexibility of transfer, extra scientific returns, and less influence on gravity loss, which provides a new option for future planetary exploration missions.
Hormonal Regulation of Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Levels in Rat Granulosa Cells: Mechanisms of Induction by Follicle-Stimulating Hormone and Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (1988)

FSH and GnRH both stimulate rat granulosa cells to produce tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA). We have studied the molecular mechanisms involved in the action of these hormones by measuring tPA mRNA levels in primary cultures of rat granulosa cells. When granulosa cells were cultured in the presence of FSH or GnRH the level of tPA mRNA was increased 20- and 12-fold, respectively. The induction of tPA mRNA by FSH and GnRH was additive and the kinetics of induction differed. The effect of FSH could be mimicked by bromo-cAMP or forskolin, and was drastically enhanced by cotreatment with the phosphodiesterase inhibitor 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine. These findings are consistent with the notion that FSH mediates its effect through the protein kinase A pathway. GnRH is believed to augment phospholipid turnover in granulosa cells, leading to the activation of the protein kinase C pathway. Like GnRH, the protein kinase C activator phorbol myristate acetate also induced tPA mRNA in granulosa cells. In the presence of the protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide, FSH-stimulated tPA message levels were enhanced by 30-fold, revealing superinduction of tPA mRNA levels by this pathway. In contrast the induction of tPA mRNA by GnRH was inhibited by cycloheximide indicating that the synthesis of an intermediate protein is required for the GnRH effect. Our data suggest that FSH and GnRH increase the tPA mRNA levels by two distinct pathways in cultured granulosa cells, providing a model system for studying the hormonal regulation of tPA gene expression.
Elaboration of Stable and Antibody Functionalized Positively Charged Colloids by Polyelectrolyte Complexation between Chitosan and Hyaluronic Acid (2013)

In this study, we describe the elaboration of multifunctional positively charged polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) nanoparticles, designed to be stable at physiological salt concentration and pH, for effective targeted delivery. These nanoparticles were obtained by charge neutralization between chitosan (CS) as polycation and hyaluronic acid (HA) as polyanion. We showed that the course of the complexation process and the physico-chemical properties of the resulting colloids were impacted by (i) internal parameters such as the Degree of Acetylation (DA, i.e., the molar ration of acetyl glucosamine residues) and molar mass of CS, the HA molar mass and (ii) external parameters like the charge mixing ratio and the polymer concentrations. As a result, nonstoichiometric colloidal PECs were obtained in water or PBS (pH 7.4) and remained stable over one month. The polymer interactions were characterized by thermal analysis (DSC and TGA) and the morphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy. A model antibody, anti-ovalbumine (OVA) immunoglobulin A (IgA) was sorbed on the particle surface in water and PBS quantitatively in 4 h. The CS-HA/IgA nanoparticles average size was between 425-665 nm with a positive zeta potential. These results pointed out that CS-HA can be effective carriers for use in targeted drug delivery.
Theoretical and experimental characterization of promising new scintillators: Eu2+ doped CsCaCl3 and CsCaI3 (2013)

An integrated approach was used to characterize Eu2+ doped CsCaCl3 and CsCaI3 crystals theoretically and experimentally. The temperature dependence of photoluminescence excitation, emission, and decay time was studied to better understand the energy transport and migration mechanism in these materials. The broadening and redshift of emission with increasing temperature was explained for both crystals by simultaneous quenching of emission and interaction of emission states with lattice vibration. The unusual increase of photoluminescence decay time with increasing temperature was ascribed to the presence of states with a lowered radiative rate slightly above the emitting states. The electronic and optical properties were also calculated theoretically with the help of Density functional theory in order to explain the Eu2+ emission properties in these crystals. The calculation explains the better scintillation light output and proportionality in CsCaI3. The promising cross-luminescent efficiency of these materials is also explained with the help of electronic band structure and dispersion of the partial density of the states of constituent atoms. Despite structural anisotropy, the calculated optical properties of CsCaI3 are nearly isotropic, and therefore the synthesis of optically transparent polycrystalline ceramics may be possible.