gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Could SAFE concept be applied for designing a new synthetic aperture telescope? (2011)

Synthetic aperture with Fresnel elements (SAFE) is an incoherent holographic imaging system in which the complete hologram is a mosaic of several holograms captured from different points of view. In this paper we investigate a new scheme of SAFE which may be used as a basis for designing a new type of synthetic aperture telescopes. Laboratory in-door experiments may provide the proof of concept for such a new design.
Mucosal Tolerance Induction with Hypoallergenic Molecules in a Murine Model of Allergic Asthma (2001)

Type I allergy, frequently elicited by airborne allergens, has constantly increased within recent years. Birch pollen and its major allergen Bet v 1 represent a major source of type I allergens. By genetic engineering hypoallergenic Bet v 1 fragments were produced, which lost the IgE binding capacity but retained the T cell epitopes. We have established a murine model of aerosol sensitization to birch pollen and its major allergen Bet v 1, leading to type I allergic immune responses and airway hyperresponsiveness. In the present study we demonstrate that mucosal administration of recombinant Bet v 1 prior to sensitization led to allergen-specific suppression of B and T cell responses in vivo and in vitro, reduction of eosinophilic infiltration in the lungs and inhibition of airway hyperresponsiveness. Intranasal pretreatment with the nonanaphylactic fragments of Bet v 1 prevented allergic immune responses and airway inflammation to the same degree as the pretreatment with the complete molecule. We conclude from our studies that mucosal tolerance induction with hypoallergenic molecules could provide a safe and convenient treatment strategy against type I allergies.
Asymmetric synthesis of febrifugine and isofebrifugine using yeast reduction (2000)

The antimalarial agents febrifugine ((+)-1) and isofebrifugine ((+)-2) were asymmetrically synthesized from chiral piperidin-3-ol ((+)-4), which was prepared by the reductive dynamic optical resolution of the 3-piperidone derivatives ((±)-3) using baker’s yeast.
Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles: Efficient intrabody biosensor communication using ultrasonic wave propagation (2016)

Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles<br><br>Efficient Intrabody Biosensor Communication Using Ultrasonic Wave Propagation<br> by Hadeel Elayan, Raed M. Shubair, and Nawaf Almoosa<br> in the Proceedings of the International Conference on Bio-engineering for Smart Technologies (BioSMART), December 2016<br><br> After careful and considered review of the content and authorship of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE's Publication Principles.<br><br> This article contains significant portions of text from the article cited below that were paraphrased without attribution.<br><br> Challenges and Implications of Using Ultrasonic Communications in Intra-body Area Networks<br> by Laura Galluccio, Tommaso Melodia, Sergio Palazzo, Giuseppe Enrico Santagati<br> in the Proceedings of the 9th Annual Conference on Wireless On-Demand Network Systems and Services (WONS), January 2012<br><br> Opto-ultrasonic Communications for Wireless Intra-body Nanonetworks<br> by G. Enrico Santagati, Tommaso Melodia<br> in Nano Communication Networks, Vol 5, Issue 1-2, October 2013, pp. 3-14<br><br> "Ultrasonic Networking for e-Health Applications,"<br> by G. Enrico Santagati, Tommaso Melodia, Laura Galluccio, Sergio Palazzo<br> in IEEE Wireless Communications Magazine, Vol. 20, No. 4, August 2013, pp. 74-81<br><br> <br/> This paper presents a novel approach for intra-body biosensor communication through ultrasonic wave propagation. The proposed system utilizes acoustic waves operating in the ultrasonic frequency band. An ultrasonic system is attractive in comparison to a radio frequency system since ultrasonic waves propagate efficiently through the human body. The paper presents a general description of the ultrasonic intra-body communication channel including the key features of ultrasonic transducers. The propagation characteristics of ultrasonic waves are discussed including attenuation, reflection, and multipath propagation effects. Moreover, the noise effect is modeled in order to understand the statistical behavior of the channel. Finally, the health implications associated with the ultrasonic propagation medium are illustrated. Our findings affirm the feasibility of using ultrasonic waves as a mechanism for intra-body communication, which is one of the key enablers of future healthcare systems. This work lays out the foundation to design reliable and efficient communication systems operating at the ultrasonic frequency.
Innovative Gliadin/Glutenin and Modified Potato Starch Green Composites: Chemistry, Structure, and Functionality Induced by Processing (2016)

In this study, we combined two wheat proteins, gliadin (Gli)/glutenin (GT), and modified potato starch (MPS) into composites using extrusion. In the Gli/GT–MPS composites, we studied the structural dynamics of proteins and starch, protein–starch interactions, protein properties, and composite morphology in relation to mechanical and barrier properties. Materials with different ratios of Gli/GT and MPS were extruded using either glycerol or glycerol–water at 110 and 130 °C. For the first time, a hierarchical hexagonal structure of Gli proteins was observed in Gli–MPS composite at both extrusion temperatures. The higher temperature (130 °C) induced a higher degree of protein cross-links, an increase in the polymer size, and formation of β-sheets compared to 110 °C. The combination of plasticizers (glycerol and water) favored a micro-structural morphology with improved gelatinization of starch, processability, as well as strength, stiffness, and extensibility of GT–MPS composites. The highest amount of the oxidized proteins was observed in the samples with the highest protein content and at high extrusion temperature. The Gli- and GT–MPS (30/70) samples showed promising oxygen barrier properties under ambient testing conditions. These findings provide in-depth information for tailoring the structural–functional relationship of the Gli/GT-potato starch composites for their promising use in designing various green materials.
A conserved immunogenic and vulnerable site on the coronavirus spike protein delineated by cross-reactive monoclonal antibodies (2021)

The coronavirus spike glycoprotein, located on the virion surface, is the key mediator of cell entry and the focus for development of protective antibodies and vaccines. Structural studies show exposed sites on the spike trimer that might be targeted by antibodies with cross-species specificity. Here we isolated two human monoclonal antibodies from immunized humanized mice that display a remarkable cross-reactivity against distinct spike proteins of betacoronaviruses including SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV and the endemic human coronavirus HCoV-OC43. Both cross-reactive antibodies target the stem helix in the spike S2 fusion subunit which, in the prefusion conformation of trimeric spike, forms a surface exposed membrane-proximal helical bundle. Both antibodies block MERS-CoV infection in cells and provide protection to mice from lethal MERS-CoV challenge in prophylactic and/or therapeutic models. Our work highlights an immunogenic and vulnerable site on the betacoronavirus spike protein enabling elicitation of antibodies with unusual binding breadth.
Coherent Optical Transitions in Implanted Nitrogen Vacancy Centers (2014)

We report the observation of stable optical transitions in nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers created by ion implantation. Using a combination of high temperature annealing and subsequent surface treatment, we reproducibly create NV centers with zero-phonon lines (ZPL) exhibiting spectral diffusion that is close to the lifetime-limited optical line width. The residual spectral diffusion is further reduced by using resonant optical pumping to maintain the NV(-) charge state. This approach allows for placement of NV centers with excellent optical coherence in a well-defined device layer, which is a crucial step in the development of diamond-based devices for quantum optics, nanophotonics, and quantum information science.
Combined UV-Vis-absorbance and Reflectance Spectroscopy Study of Dye Transfer Kinetics in Aqueous Mixtures of Surfactants (2017)

&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt; &lt;p&gt;We report an analytical approach to study the kinetics of desorption and exhaustion of a hydrophobic dye in a multicomponent washing model environment. The process of &lt;b&gt;dye transfer &lt;/b&gt;between an acceptor textile (white polyamide), detergent micelles and a donor textile (red polyester) was quantified by a combination of colorimetric analyses.&lt;b&gt; UV-Vis absorbance and UV- reflectance &lt;/b&gt;spectroscopy were used to follow the concentration of the solubilised dye in the micelles and the amount of dyer transferred to the acceptor textile, respectively, as a function of time. Up to ≃ 10 min of the washing process, the released dye is predominantly solubilised in surfactant micelles. At later times, the adsorption of the dye on the hydrophobic surface of the acceptor textile is energetically favoured. The shift of the desorption equilibrium in the presence of the acceptor textile results in ≃ 30% increase in the release of the dye. The reported methodology provides insight into the competition between solubilisation of hydrophobic molecules by amphiphiles and dye adsorption on solid substrates, important for designing novel concepts of dye transfer inhibition. &lt;/p&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;
Modeling internet backbone traffic at the flow level (2003)

Our goal is to design a traffic model for noncongested Internet backbone links, which is simple enough to be used in network operation, while being as general as possible. The proposed solution is to model the traffic at the flow level by a Poisson shot-noise process. In our model, a flow is a generic notion that must be able to capture the characteristics of any kind of data stream. We analyze the accuracy of the model with real traffic traces collected on the Sprint Internet protocol (IP) backbone network. Despite its simplicity, our model provides a good approximation of the real traffic observed in the backbone and of its variation. Finally, we discuss the application of our model to network design and dimensioning.
Untrusting network coding (2012)

In networks that perform linear network coding, an intermediate network node may receive a much larger number of linear equations of the source symbols than the number of messages it needs to send. For networks constructed by untrusted nodes, we propose a relaxed measure of security: we want to be untrusting, and allow each intermediate node to only learn as much information as the number of independent messages it needs to send. In this paper we formulate this problem and provide sufficient and necessary conditions for classes of combination networks.
Expression of Genes for Metabolism of Cyclic Adenosine 3′:5′-Monophosphate in Somatic Cells (1973)

Clonal differencesin the response to prostaglandin El (PGE,) were found when changes in the intracellular
Dynamics of Glass Relaxation at Room Temperature (2013)

The problem of glass relaxation under ambient conditions has intrigued scientists and the general public for centuries, most notably in the legend of flowing cathedral glass windows. Here we report quantitative measurement of glass relaxation at room temperature. We find that Corning® Gorilla® Glass shows measurable and reproducible relaxation at room temperature. Remarkably, this relaxation follows a stretched exponential decay rather than simple exponential relaxation, and the value of the stretching exponent (β=3/7) follows a theoretical prediction made by Phillips for homogeneous glasses.
Rational Design and HT Techniques Allow the Synthesis of New IWR Zeolite Polymorphs (2006)

By combining a rational design of structure directing agents and high throughput and data mining techniques, it has been possible to obtain Ge-free ITQ-24 as pure silica as well as borosilicate polymorphs up to a Si/TIII ratio of 10. Al can be exchanged by B giving strong acid materials. Also, the availability of the pure silica material allows one to determine more precisely the crystal symmetry. This work opens the possibility to synthesize the Ge-free polymorphs of a large number of new germanosilicate structures reported in the last five years. This certainly will increase their possibilities for industrial application.
SCN1A testing for epilepsy: Application in clinical practice (2013)

This report is a practical reference guide for genetic testing of SCN1A, the gene encoding the α1 subunit of neuronal voltage-gated sodium channels (protein name: Nav 1.1). Mutations in this gene are frequently found in Dravet syndrome (DS), and are sometimes found in genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+), migrating partial seizures of infancy (MPSI), other infantile epileptic encephalopathies, and rarely in infantile spasms. Recommendations for testing: (1) Testing is particularly useful for people with suspected DS and sometimes in other early onset infantile epileptic encephalopathies such as MPSI because genetic confirmation of the clinical diagnosis may allow optimization of antiepileptic therapy with the potential to improve seizure control and developmental outcome. In addition, a molecular diagnosis may prevent the need for unnecessary investigations, as well as inform genetic counseling. (2) SCN1A testing should be considered in people with possible DS where the typical initial presentation is of a developmentally normal infant presenting with recurrent, febrile or afebrile prolonged, hemiclonic seizures or generalized status epilepticus. After age 2, the clinical diagnosis of DS becomes more obvious, with the classical evolution of other seizure types and developmental slowing. (3) In contrast to DS, the clinical utility of SCN1A testing for GEFS+ remains questionable. (4) The test is not recommended for children with phenotypes that are not clearly associated with SCN1A mutations such as those characterized by abnormal development or neurologic deficits apparent at birth or structural abnormalities of the brain. Interpreting test results: (1) Mutational testing of SCN1A involves both conventional DNA sequencing of the coding regions and analyses to detect genomic rearrangements within the relevant chromosomal region: 2q24. Interpretation of the test results must always be done in the context of the electroclinical syndrome and often requires the assistance of a medical geneticist, since many genomic variations are possible and it is essential to differentiate benign polymorphisms from pathogenic mutations. (2) Missense variants may have no apparent effect on the phenotype (benign polymorphisms) or may represent mutations underlying DS, MPSI, GEFS+, and related syndromes and can provide a challenge in interpretation. (3) Conventional methods do not detect variations in introns or promoter or regulatory regions; therefore, a negative test does not exclude a pathogenic role of SCN1A in a specific phenotype. (4) It is important to note that a negative test does not rule out the clinical diagnosis of DS or other conditions because genes other than SCN1A may be involved. Obtaining written informed consent and genetic counseling should be considered prior to molecular testing, depending on the clinical situation and local regulations.
Definition of the Chalcogen Bond (IUPAC Recommendations 2019) (2021)

This recommendation proposes a definition for the term “chalcogen bond”; it is recommended the term is used to designate the specific subset of inter- and intramolecular interactions formed by chalcogen atoms wherein the Group 16 element is the electrophilic site.
In Vitro Characterization of Ritonavir Drug Products and Correlation to Human in Vivo Performance (2017)

Ritonavir (RTV) is a weakly basic drug with a pH-dependent solubility. In vitro dissolution and supersatuation behaviors of three Norvir oral products including the tablet, powder, and solution were investigated by two biorelevant dissolution methods with pH alteration: a two-stage dissolution test and a biphasic dissolution-partition test. The two-stage dissolution test revealed a high degree of supersaturation of RTV from these products accompanied by the occurrence of liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in biorelevant dissolution media. Higher, stable apparent RTV concentrations were observed in the FeSSIF-V2 as compared to those in the FaSSIF-V2, which suggested a food effect with higher exposure in the fed state. This is inconsistent with the evaluation in vivo. The biphasic test revealed significantly lower degrees of supersaturation of RTV in the aqueous media from these dosage forms as compared to results of the two-stage dissolution test. RTV concentrations in octanol at 6 h obtained from the tablet and powder with the use of the biorelevant media are consistent with corresponding in vivo AUC and Cmax under the fasting and moderate fat fed (MFF) states and predict the food effect. The underlying mechanisms responsible for the food effect are also proposed. Fractional partition profiles of RTV obtained in octanol from these three Norvir oral products are in agreement with the corresponding fractional absorption profiles in vivo under both the fasting and MFF states. This study reveals a complex interplay among the dissolution, precipitation, and partition processes from these formulations that dictate the oral exposure of RTV.
Waveform detection technique for indirect rotor-position sensing of switched-reluctance motor drives. Part 2: Experimental results (1993)

A digital controller based on the waveform detection technique which uses the current chop risetime in the active phase for monitoring rotor position is inplemented. The controller is applied to a 4 kW SR motor and its limits of operation examined. Experimental results show that it is possible to operate the SR motor with indirect rotor position sensing and achieve output torque and system efficiency similar to those achievable from commercially available SR drives using direct rotor-position sensors. Back EMF has significant effect on the phase current rise and fall times even at few hundred rev/min, and must therefore be taken into account when using the technique for position detection. At high speeds as no chopping takes place, the initial current rise-time is monitored for position detection. The effect of varying detect time on the operating speed at constant load torque, variation of load torque at constant detect time and variation of average phase current level were studied through experiment observations.
Focal Neurological Deficits and West Nile Virus Infection (2005)

Our experience with West Nile virus infection revealed that 54% of 28 patients had a focal neurological deficit at presentation. A meningitis or encephalitis syndrome was absent in 47% of patients with focal deficits. Details of the variety of deficits, the time to development of deficits, and the associated radiological and laboratory findings are also discussed in the present report.
Performance of high‐power III‐nitride light emitting diodes (2008)

Abstract The performance of III‐nitride based high‐power light emitting diodes (LEDs) is reviewed. Direct color high‐power LEDs with 1 × 1 mm 2 chip size in commercial LUXEON ® Rebel packages are shown to exhibit external quantum efficiencies at a drive current of 350 mA ranging from ∼60% at a peak wavelength of ∼420 nm to ∼27% at ∼525 nm. The short wavelength blue LED emits ∼615 mW at 350 mA and &gt;2 W at 1.5 A. The green LED emits ∼110 lm at 350 mA and ∼270 lm at 1.5 A. Phosphor‐conversion white LEDs (1 × 1 mm 2 chip size) are demonstrated that emit ∼126 lm of white light when driven at 350 mA and 381 lm when driven at 1.5 A (Correlated Color Temperature, CCT ∼ 4700 K). In a similar LED that employs a double heterostructure (DH) insign instead of a multi‐quantum well (MQW) active region, the luminous flux increases to 435 lm (CCT ∼ 5000 K) at 1.5 A drive current. Also discussed are experimental techniques that enable the separation of internal quantum efficiency and extraction efficiency. One technique derives the internal quantum efficiency from temperature and excitation‐dependent photoluminescence measurements. A second technique relies on variable‐temperature electroluminescence measurements and enables the estimation of the extraction efficiency. Both techniques are shown to yield consistent results and indicate that the internal quantum efficiency of short wavelength blue ( λ ∼ 420 nm) high‐power LEDs is as high as 71% even at a drive current of 350 mA. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Non‐Nucleoside Inhibitors of the Hepatitis C Virus NS5B Polymerase: Discovery of Benzimidazole 5‐Carboxylic Amide Derivatives with Low‐Nanomolar Potency. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Multiprofessional perinatal care in a pregnant patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome due to COVID-19 (2021)

The management of ARDS in pregnant women with COVID-19 is complex and requires an individualized, multidisciplinary approach, while considering maternal and fetal outcomes.
Class I Lysyl-tRNA Synthetases (2013)

Unprotected sex was prevalent among street-involved youth in this setting, and independently associated with female gender and a wide range of substance use patterns. Evidence-based and gender-informed sexual health interventions are needed in addition to increased access to youth-centered addiction treatment services. STI testing and linkages to healthcare professionals remain important priorities for street-involved youth, and should be integrated across all health and social services.
Die Wohnung im Recht. Unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Wohnungsbegriffs in § 244 Abs. 1 Nr. 3 StGB (2004)

Abstract Zur Verbesserung des strafrechtlichen Wohnungsschutzes hat der Gesetzgeber des 6. StrRG den Wohnungseinbruchsdiebstahl von einem Regelbeispiel zu einem Qualifikationstatbestand "hochgestuft", was eine erhebliche Verschärfung der Strafdrohung zur Folge hatte. Seitdem wird diskutiert, ob der in § 244 StGB verwendete Begriff der Wohnung einschränkend auszulegen ist. Wie das erst kürzlich zum "großen Lauschangriff" ergangene Urteil des BVerfG zeigt, sind Schutz und Begriff der in der Wohnung verkörperten individuellen Privatsphäre auch in anderen Bereichen der Rechtsordnung von großer Bedeutung. Die Zusammenhänge zwischen den verschiedenen Normen des Wohnungsschutzes und das Verhältnis, in dem die Wohnungsbegriffe der verschiedenen Rechtsgebiete zueinander stehen, sind jedoch weitgehend unklar.Der Verfasser untersucht daher die in wichtigen Normen des geltenden Rechts verwendeten Wohnungsbegriffe und die ihnen jeweils zugrundeliegenden Schutzinteressen. Dem Grundsatz der Relativität der Rechtsbegriffe folgend, verwirft er im Ergebnis die Annahme einer einheitlichen Begriffsdefinition, die für die gesamte Rechtsordnung oder auch nur für den Bereich des Strafrechts gilt. Markus Krumme plädiert insbesondere für eine enge Auslegung des Wohnungsbegriffs im Tatbestand des Wohnungseinbruchsdiebstahls, die sich an den Schutzgütern der häuslichen Privatsphäre und der körperlichen Unversehrtheit zu orientieren hat.
Search for an exotic decay of the Higgs boson to a pair of light pseudoscalars in the final state with two b quarks and two τ leptons in proton–proton collisions at s=13TeV (2018)

A search for an exotic decay of the Higgs boson to a pair of light pseudoscalar bosons is performed for the first time in the final state with two b quarks and two leptons. The search is motivated in the context of models of physics beyond the standard model (SM), such as two Higgs doublet models extended with a complex scalar singlet (2HDM + S), which include the next-to-minimal supersymmetric SM (NMSSM).