gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High Track Pitch Density for HAMR Recording: 1M TPI (2018)

Differences between heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) and conventional perpendicular magnetic recording at narrow track widths are compared. We can see that HAMR appears to have similar adjacent track interference, but increased readback signal from the adjacent tracks (side reading). This background interference signal appears to be a consequence of the media architecture, and can be decreased if the media soft underlayer spacing to the hard layer, and transducer is reduced. The impact is also reduced for very high linear densities, due to a smaller fraction of unbiased flux from the neighbor tracks reaching the test track. The use of two reader multiple sensor magnetic recording at high track density appears to address some of this issue, and we can demonstrate viable track writing for HAMR beyond 1M tracks per inch using this readback technique.
Dynamic Covalent Polymers via Inverse Vulcanization of Elemental Sulfur for Healable Infrared Optical Materials (2015)

We report on dynamic covalent polymers derived from elemental sulfur that can be used as thermally healable optical polymers for mid-IR thermal imaging applications. By accessing dynamic S-S bonds in these sulfur copolymers, surface scratches and defects of free-standing films of poly(sulfur-<i>random</i>-1,3-diisopropenylbenzene) (poly(S-<i>r</i>-DIB) can be thermally healed, which enables damaged lenses and windows from these materials to be reprocessed to recover their IR imaging performance. Correlation of the mechanical properties of these sulfur copolymers with different curing methods provided insights to reprocess damaged samples of these materials. Mid-IR thermal imaging experiments with windows before and after healing of surface defects demonstrated successful application of these materials to create a new class of "scratch and heal" optical polymers. The use of dynamic covalent polymers as healable materials for IR applications offers a unique advantage over the current state of the art (e.g., germanium or chalcogenide glasses) due to both the dynamic character and useful optical properties of S-S bonds.
Conceptual Frame Rationalizing the Self-Stabilization of H-USY Zeolites in Hot Liquid Water (2014)

The wide range of liquid-phase reactions required for the catalytic conversion of biomass compounds into new bioplatform molecules defines a new set of challenges for the development of active, selective, and stable catalysts. The potential of bifunctional Ru/H-USY catalysts for conversions in hot liquid water (HLW) is assessed in terms of physicochemical stability and long-term catalytic performance of acid sites and noble metal functionality, as probed by hydrolytic hydrogenation of cellulose. It is shown that zeolite desilication is the main zeolite degradation mechanism in HLW. USY zeolite stability depends on two main parameters, viz., framework and extra-framework aluminum content. The former protects the zeolite lattice by counteracting hydrolysis of framework bonds, and the latter, when located at the external crystal surface, prevents solubilization of the zeolite framework which is the result of its low water-solubility. Hence, the hot liquid water stability of commercial H-USY zeolites, in contrast to their steam stability, increased with decreasing Si/Al ratio. As a result, mildly steamed USY zeolites containing a high amount of both Al species exhibit the highest resistance to HLW. During an initial period of transformations, Al-rich zeolites form additional protective extra-framework Al species at the outer surface, self-stabilizing the framework. A critical bulk Si/Al ratio of 3 was determined whereby USY zeolites with a lower Si/Al ratio will self-stabilize over time. Besides, due to the initial transformation period, the accessibility of the catalytic active sites is extensively enhanced resulting in a material that is more stable and drastically more accessible to large substrates than the original zeolite. When these findings are applied in the hydrolytic hydrogenation of cellulose, unprecedented nearly quantitative hexitol yields were obtained with a stable catalytic system.
The Architectural Implications of Pipeline and Batch Sharing in Scientific Workloads (2003)

We present a study of six batch-pipelined scientific workloads. Whereas other studies focus on the behavior of a single application, we characterize an emerging type of workload which consists of pipelines of sequential processes that use file storage for communication and also share significant data across a batch. This study includes measurements of the memory, CPU, and I/O requirements of individual components as well as analyses of I/O sharing within complete batches, as well as a discussion of the architectural ramifications of these new types of workloads.
Asphaltene Molecular Size and Structure (1999)

The rotational correlation times of individual asphaltene molecules have been determined using fluorescence depolarization techniques, addressing an active, long-standing controversy. Using simple theoretical models and using model-independent comparisons with known chromophores, a range of asphaltene molecular diameters is obtained of 10−20 Å. Comparison with corresponding data of known chromophores indicates a molecular mass for asphaltene molecules of 500−1000 amu. Furthermore, we have performed the first direct measurement correlating molecular size with constituent chromophore size; we establish that the bulk of asphaltene molecules possess 1 or 2 (aromatic) chromophores per molecule. Similar results are found for the largest aromatic molecules of the de-asphaltened crude oil.
Bare Clusters Derived from Protein Templates: Au25+, Au38+ and Au102+ (2013)

A discrete sequence of bare gold clusters of well-defined nuclearity, namely Au25(+), Au38(+) and Au102(+), formed in a process that starts from gold-bound adducts of the protein lysozyme, were detected in the gas phase. It is proposed that subsequent to laser desorption ionization, gold clusters form in the gas phase, with the protein serving as a confining growth environment that provides an effective reservoir for dissipation of the cluster aggregation and stabilization energy. First-principles calculations reveal that the growing gold clusters can be electronically stabilized in the protein environment, achieving electronic closed-shell structures as a result of bonding interactions with the protein. Calculations for a cluster with 38 gold atoms reveal that gold interaction with the protein results in breaking of the disulfide bonds of the cystine units, and that the binding of the cysteine residues to the cluster depletes the number of delocalized electrons in the cluster, resulting in opening of a super-atom electronic gap. This shell-closure stabilization mechanism confers enhanced stability to the gold clusters. Once formed as stable magic number aggregates in the protein growth medium, the gold clusters become detached from the protein template and are observed as bare Au(n)(+) (n=25, 38, and 102) clusters.
Electrodeposition of Iron Triad Metal Coatings: Miles to Go (2023)

The possibilities and future perspectives of electrochemical deposition of bimetallic compositions and alloys containing Fe, Co, Ni, Cr, W, and Mo are reviewed. The synthesis of two- and three-component materials, as well as compositionally more complex alloys, is considered. The method of synthesizing of materials via electrodeposition from solutions containing metal ions and metalloids is one of the most promising approaches because it is fast, cheap, and it is possible to control the composition of the final product with good precision. Corrosion, catalytic and magnetic properties should be distinguished. Due to these properties, the range of applications for these alloys is very wide. The idea of a correlation between the magnetic and catalytic properties of the iron-triad metal alloys is considered. This should lead to a deeper understanding of the interplay of the properties of electrodeposited alloys. In addition to deposition from aqueous (classical) solvents, the advantages and perspectives of electrochemical deposition from ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DES) are briefly discussed. The successful use and development of this method of electrodeposition of alloys, which are quite difficult or impossible to synthesize in classical solvents, has been demonstrated and confirmed.
Binding Inhibition Assay Using Fiber-Optic Based Biosensor for the Detection of Foodborne Pathogens (2006)

Frequent outbreaks of foodborne illness have been increasing the need for simple, rapid and sensitive methods to detect foodborne pathogens. Conventional methods for pathogen detection and identification are labor-intensive and take days to complete. Some immunological rapid assays are developed, but these assays still require prolonged enrichment steps. Biosensors have shown great potential for the rapid detection of foodborne pathogens. Among the biosensors, fiber-optic methods have much potential because they can be very sensitive and simple to operate. Fiber-optic biosensors typically use a light transmittable, tapered fiber to send excitation laser light to the detection surface and receive emitted fluorescent light. The fluorescent light excited by an evanescent wave generated by the laser is quantitatively related to fluorophor-labeled biomolecules immobilized on the fiber surface. A portable and automated fiber-optic biosensor, RAPTOR (Research International, Monroe, WA), was used to detect Salmonella enteritidis in food samples. A binding inhibition assay based on the biosensor was developed to detect the bacteria in hot dog samples. The biosensor and the binding inhibition assay could detect 104 cfu/ml of bacteria in less than 10 min of assay time.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Stat3 Inhibition Augments the Immunogenicity of B-cell Lymphoma Cells, Leading to Effective Antitumor Immunity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 426K, Percent of T-cells&lt;/p&gt;
Hybrid Active-and-Passive Relaying Model for 6G-IoT Greencom Networks with SWIPT (2021)

In order to support a massive number of resource-constrained Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices and machine-type devices, it is crucial to design future beyond 5G/6G wireless networks in an energy-efficient manner while incorporating suitable network coverage expansion methodologies. To this end, this invited paper proposes a novel two-hop hybrid active-and-passive relaying scheme to facilitate simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) considering both the time-switching (TS) and power-splitting (PS) receiver architectures, while dynamically modelling the involved dual-hop time-period (TP) metric. An optimization problem is formulated to jointly optimize the throughput, harvested energy, and transmit power of a SWIPT-enabled system with the proposed hybrid scheme. In this regard, we provide two distinct ways to obtain suitable solutions based on the Lagrange dual technique and Dinkelbach method assisted convex programming, respectively, where both the approaches yield an appreciable solution within polynomial computational-time. The experimental results are obtained by directly solving the primal problem using a non-linear optimizer. Our numerical results in terms of weighted utility function show the superior performance of proposed hybrid scheme over passive repeater-only and active relay-only schemes, while also depicting their individual performance benefits over the corresponding benchmark SWIPT systems with the fixed-TP.
Application of principal component analysis and wavelet transform to fatigue crack detection in waveguides (2010)

Ultrasonic Guided Waves (UGWs) are a useful tool in structural health monitoring (SHM) applications that can benefit from built-in transduction, moderately large inspection ranges and high sensitivity to small flaws. This paper describes a SHM method based on UGWs, discrete wavelet transform (DWT), and principal component analysis (PCA) able to detect and quantify the onset and propagation of fatigue cracks in structural waveguides. The method combines the advantages of guided wave signals processed through the DWT with the outcomes of selecting defect-sensitive features to perform a multivariate diagnosis of damage. This diagnosis is based on the PCA. The framework presented in this paper is applied to the detection of fatigue cracks in a steel beam. The probing hardware consists of a PXI platform that controls the generation and measurement of the ultrasonic signals by means of piezoelectric transducers made of Lead Zirconate Titanate. Although the approach is demonstrated in a beam test, it is argued that the proposed method is general and applicable to any structure that can sustain the propagation of UGWs.
Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis (2011)

Dieser Band ist ein Überblickswerk der Schulsportforschung. Dargestellt werden zentrale Untersuchungsansätze, Forschungsergebnisse und Forschungsperspektiven für den Schulsport. Die Befunde sind in vier Forschungsfelder "Unterrichtsforschung", "Schülerforschung", "Lehrerforschung" und "Schulsportentwicklungsforschung" differenziert und thematisch entfaltet. Zu jedem Forschungsfeld gibt es einen umfangreichen und grundlegenden Basistext und jeweils einen oder zwei ergänzende Beiträge z. B. zu Heterogenität und Koedukation, motorischer Leistungsfähigkeit und Evaluation, Lehrplanarbeit und Ganztag.
The physical mechanism for the production of hydrophilic polymer microparticles from aqueous suspensions (1990)

Abstract A previously reported method of producing spherical, hydrophilic microparticles by aqueous suspension polymerization is experimentally investigated. The phase separation is the result of a salting‐out phenomenon. Characteristics of the salting‐out effect between the monomer and suspending phase of aqueous NaCl solution are studied. The size and shape of the produced particles are characterized. It is concluded that the mechanism of polymerization is actually a combination of suspension and solution polymerization, and that the water content in the monomer phase is low enough to produce structurally homogeneous particles.
Study of Seniors’ Skin Color and Optical Properties (2020)

シニア層の肌光学特性に基づいた化粧品の開発を目的に，肌色の特徴および皮膚内部の散乱特性について調べた。頬下部，頬中央，目じり，顎裏の測色を行い，マンセル空間における色相，明度，彩度を求め，同一人から測定された4点を色相明度次元，彩度明度次元にプロットし，近似直線を求めた。色相明度次元における各人の近似直線の傾きに注目し，世代間で比較したところ，若年層では，傾きが緩く，色相の変化に対して明度がほとんど変化しなかったのに対し，シニア層では，傾きが急で，色相が赤みになると明度が低下していた。明度低下には，スリット光照射からの反射パターン解析により，皮膚内部の等価散乱係数の減少が関与していることが示唆された。
Accurate analytical model for MPEG coded videotraffic (1999)

Self-similar processes, modulated according to the MPEG GOP (group of pictures) structure, are proposed to accurately capture both the SRD (short range dependency) and LRD (long range dependency) of MPEG video traffic.
Reliability and vulnerability studies of the SP-100 dual-loop thermoelectric-electromagnetic pump (1990)

This research has developed a transient model of the dual-loop thermoelectric-electromagnetic pump of the SP-100 space nuclear power system and performed a parametric analysis assessing the reliability and vulnerability of the pump to overheating of the secondary coolant. Results show that the pump ceases to operate when the secondary coolant temperature either equals that of the primary coolant or exceeds 1255 K, regardless of the value of the primary coolant temperature. In any case, increasing the secondary coolant temperature degrades the SP-100 pump performance through both reducing the electric current produced by the thermoelectric generators and the magnetic flux of the pump. Because the SP-100 pump employs a self-induced magnet at secondary coolant temperatures lower than 1255 K but higher than the primary coolant temperature, the pump maintains forward operation because both the electric current and the magnetic field reverse direction. However, had the SP-100 pump been designed with a permanent magnet, raising the secondary coolant temperature beyond that of the primary coolant temperature would only reverse the electric current, causing the pump to operate in reverse. Results also show that although insulating the pump's magnetic structure from the secondary coolant ducts insignificantly affects the steady-state nominal operation of the pump, it improves pump performance and reduces the pump's vulnerability to external heating of the secondary coolant to temperatures in excess of 1000 K.
Neural circuits revealed (2015)

The appropriate function of the nervous system relies on precise patterns of connectivity among hundreds to billions of neurons across different biological systems. Evolutionarily conserved patterns of neural circuit organization and connectivity between morphologically and functionally diverse sets of neurons emerge from a remarkably robust set of genetic blueprints, uniquely defining circuits responsible for planning and execution of behavioral repertoires (Arenkiel et al.,
The IgG Specific Cysteine Protease IdeS: A Novel Candidate Drug for Pre-Transplantation Desensitization. (2014)

The IgG Specific Cysteine Protease IdeS : A Novel Candidate Drug for Pre-Transplantation Desensitization.
Numerical model of high-power transient heating of tungsten with considering of various erosion effects (2018)

Surface melting of tungsten under exposure to a pulsed electron beam was simulated numerically, the evaporation process taken into account. The calculation is based on the experimental time dependence of the total beam power. The model of the tungsten heating process is based on solving the two-phase Stefan problem. The position of the phase boundary depends on discontinuous time- and space-nonlinear coefficients and boundary conditions. The aim of the study is to provide a detailed resolution of the heat flow deep into the material with a fine spatial grid step. As compared with the size of the tungsten plate, the heating depth is very small. The problem statement under consideration is multiscale. Further expansion of the model involves taking into account microcracks. Micro-cracks occur during the cooling process after exposure and affect the temperature of the tungsten surface during the subsequent heating process. The article presents a modeling of cracks of different geometries typical for this process. The results of the calculations correlate with the experimental data obtained on the experimental test facility BETA at BINP SB RAS.
Efficient analysis of oligosaccharide-malononitrile derivatives by on-line capillary liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (1999)

Analyses of oligosaccharide-malononitrile derivatives, which were obtained from the reactions of oligosaccharides with malononitrile under aqueous basic conditions, were conducted by on-line capillary liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in negative-ion mode. Among a variety of base catalysts for the derivatization of a oligosaccharide to its malononitrile derivative, sodium hydroxide gave the best result, rather than an amine base, with a rapid and clean conversion. The malononitrile derivative of maltoheptaose was detected with good peak shape at the 20 attomol level by selected ion monitoring. Especially in the analysis of multi-component mixtures of oligosaccharide derivatives, addition of crotonaldehyde to the sample solution for the conversion of excess malononitrile to a non-ionizable and more volatile compound, prior to the injection of sample onto the column, greatly improved the chromatographic resolution and peak symmetry of each oligosaccharide-malononitrile derivative. The order of migration of oligosaccharide-malononitrile derivatives on an aminopropylsilyl column followed the size of the carbohydrate moiety. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
(Re)Developing Sovereignty: Choctaw Reconfigurations of Culture and Politics through Economic Development in Oklahoma (2017)

To counteract their historical erasure and economic marginalization within American settler society, the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma repurposes economic development robustly. Choctaw sovereignty, reinvigorated by economic development, enables the Nation to assert their political presence in ways that have transformed southeastern Oklahoma economically. Ethnographic examination of Chahta Anumpa Aiikhvna (School of Choctaw Language) and the history of Chahta anumpa (Choctaw language) in Oklahoma demonstrates how Choctaw Nation has accomplished both of these things. Additionally, this thesis critically examines Choctaw citizensâ complex experiences with economic development, which are shaped by an continual process of Indigenous dispossession. Understanding how these experiences and histories link together in turn opens up alternative possibilities for Choctaw futures grounded in Choctaw ways of life.
MEMS-based spectroscopic ellipsometry (2008)

S.277-284
Astragalus polysaccharides (PG2) Enhances the M1 Polarization of Macrophages, Functional Maturation of Dendritic Cells, and T Cell-Mediated Anticancer Immune Responses in Patients with Lung Cancer (2019)

These results do indicate a therapeutically-relevant role for PG2 in modulating the M1/M2 macrophage pool, facilitating DC maturation and synergistically enhancing the anticancer effect of conventional chemotherapeutic agent, cisplatin, thus laying the foundation for further exploration of the curative relevance of PG2 as surrogate immunotherapy and/or clinical feasibility of its use for maintenance therapy in patients with lung cancer.
Experience with Palladium Diffusers in Tritium Processing (1995)

Hydrogen isotopes are separated from other gases by permeation through palladium and palladium-silver alloy diffusers, or permeators, in the Tritium Facilities at the US Department of Energy Savannah River Site (SRS). Diffusers have provided effective service for almost 40 years. This paper is an overview of the operational experience with the various diffuser types that have been employed at SRS. Alternative technologies being developed at SRS for purifying hydrogen isotopes are also discussed.
Clinical Evaluation of Safety and Immunogenicity of PADRE-Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Tetanus-CMV Fusion Peptide Vaccines With or Without PF03512676 Adjuvant (2012)

NCT00722839.
Constrictive pericarditis with a calcified pericardial band at the level of left ventricle causing mid-ventricular obstruction (2012)

An adolescent presented with insidious onset and gradually progressive distension of abdomen associated with bilateral ankle swelling of few months duration. He had one episode of prolonged low-grade self-limiting febrile illness during childhood but had not consulted to doctor and never had been diagnosed as case of tuberculosis or acute pericarditis. A detail clinical evaluation showed raised central venous pressure, ascites and ankle oedema. Systemic examination was not much informative except ejection systolic murmur in third left intercostal space. Echocardiography and CT scan heart showed localised thickened pericardium with calcific band around the left ventricle at mid ventricle level. The band around the heart caused the heart to have a 'dumbbell' appearance with ballooning in apical area and a rare mid-ventricular obstruction in the left. A diagnosis of chronic constrictive pericarditis with calcific band was made and the patient was referred to another centre for cardiac surgery.
On Optimal MAC Scheduling With Physical Interference (2007)

We propose a general family of MAC scheduling algorithms that achieve any rate-point on a uniform discrete-lattice within the throughput-region (i.e., lattice-throughput-optimal) under a physical interference model. Under the physical interference model, a centralized algorithm requires information on node locations (and distance among nodes) to determine a schedule that is provably throughput-optimal. In this paper, we propose a distributed, synchronous contention-based scheduling algorithm that (i) is lattice-throughput-optimal, (ii) does not require node location information, and (iii) has a signaling complexity that does not depend on network size. Thus, it is amenable to simple implementation, and is robust to network dynamics such as topology and load changes.