gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermal Restriction as an Antimicrobial Function of Fever (2016)

Calor (heat), rubor (redness), tumor (swelling), and dolor (pain) are the cardinal signs of inflammation. To these can be added loss of function by inflamed tissues. Of the cardinal signs, calor, or fever, is a common response to infection. Fever is an evolutionarily conserved host response to microbial infection that has been described in organisms from such diverse phyla as Chordata, Arthropoda, and Annelida Fever has been defined as "a state of elevated core temperature, which is often, but not necessarily, part of the defensive responses of multicellular organisms (host) to invasion of live (microorganisms) or inanimate matter recognized as pathogenic or alien to the host" It is noteworthy that this definition views fever as an increased temperature, and in this essay we will focus on the effects of temperature on host defense. For endothermic and homoeothermic organisms like mammals, fever reflects an increase in metabolism such that maintaining a fever temperature 2C above the afebrile state can increase metabolism by 20% For ectothermic organisms, fever can result from increased metabolic activity and/or be induced by increased physical activity or exposure to warm sources like the sun. In insects and ectothermic invertebrates, there is a large body of evidence showing that fever is beneficial to the host during microbial infection However, in mammals, some have questioned whether this increase in metabolism over an already high baseline is beneficial and suggested that the risks and discomfort associated with increased temperature outweigh any benefits [4], a view that also considers fever as an unpleasant side effect of the response to infection. An unequivocal demonstration of the benefits of fever in mammals has proved elusive, with some studies supporting a beneficial role for fever, while others note detrimental effects While there is no question that life-threatening elevations in temperature require antipyretic treatment, there is much less consensus on how to approach common fevers. Perhaps the best evidence for a dismissive approach to the value of fever in humans is the fact that physicians, nurses, and parents reflexively respond to fever by administering antipyretics
A LabVIEW-Based Implementation of Real-Time Adaptive Modulation for Underwater Acoustic OFDM Communication (2020)

Adaptive modulation is appealing for underwater acoustic (UA) communication systems in order to improve the system power and spectral efficiency by varying transmission parameters according to the channel condition. This paper presents a real-time orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) based adaptive UA communication system, implemented using the National Instruments (NI) CompactDAQ device and the LabVIEW software. A self-adapting algorithm is used to select the best modulation mode for time-varying UA channels. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is calculated at the receiver and used as a performance metric to switch the modulation mode which is fed back to the transmitter for data transmission. The proposed software defined implementation is flexible and simplifies the prototype design compared to conventional digital signal processor (DSP)-based design. The experimental results verify the superiority of the adaptive transmission.
[Tumor markers in breast and endometrial cancer]. (1987)

Basic studies developed from human cell lines or tissue biopsies have allowed to isolate monoclonal antibodies and complementary DNAs specific for tumoral antigens and rare proteins implicated in the control of cancer growth and invasiveness. Present clinical studies indicate that some molecular probes display a potential value as markers of tissue specificity, of hormone dependency or prognosis in breast and endometrial cancers.
Catalytic and Thermal Behavior of Cerium Oxide Supported onSiO2 and Al2O3 for Methane Combustion (1994)

Abstract CeO2/SiO2 and CeO2/Al2O3 catalysts oxidized at 1173 K in O2 stream were employed to investigate the catalytic activity for methane combustion and the behavior of CeO2 on supports by the oxidation at 1173 K. CeO2/SiO2 catalyst gave a poor catalytic activity by comparison with that of CeO2/Al2O3 catalyst. The crystallite size of CeO2 of the silica catalyst was found to be 1.5 times larger. In addition, Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) analysis after the oxidation at 1173 K proved that cerium species existed on and within the silica support. We conclude that the low surface density of CeO2 might contribute to the poor activity of CeO2/SiO2 catalyst for methane combustion.
The Architecture of the EXODUS Extensible DBMS. (1991)

With non-traditional application areas such as engineering design, image/voice data management, scientific/statistical applications, and artificial intelligence systems all clamoring for ways to store and efficiently process larger and larger volumes of data, it is clear that traditional database technology has been pushed to its lim-its. It also seems clear that no single database system will be capable of simultaneously meeting the functionality and performance requirements of such a diverse set of applications. In this paper we describe the initial design of EXODUS, an extensible database system that will facilitate the fast development of high-performance, application-specific database systems. EXODUS provides certain kernel facilities, including a versatile storage manager and a type manager. In addition, it provides an architectural framework for building application-specific database sys-tems, tools to partially automate the generation of such systems, and libraries of software components (e.g., access methods) that are likely to be useful for many application domains.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Vaccination with mRNA-Electroporated Dendritic Cells Induces Robust Tumor Antigen-Specific CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells Responses in Stage III and IV Melanoma Patients (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 1359K, Vaccine characteristics of first cycle of all patients. (A) Expression of HLA-ABC, HLA-DR/DP, HLA-DQ, CD80, CD86, CD83, and CCR7 was analyzed by flow cytometry. (B) Tumor antigen expression by DCs 2-4 hrs after electroporation with mRNA encoding gp100 and tyrosinase. Data are shown as percentage of positive DCs used for the first vaccination. The graphs represent mean � SD of all patients.&lt;/p&gt;
Cardioprotection: emerging pharmacotherapy (2001)

By the year 2020, it is predicted that acute coronary occlusion will be the major cause of death in the world. Recent advances in reperfusion therapy have substantially improved survival of patients with acute coronary syndromes. While early reperfusion reduces mortality, a time limitation exists with regard to myocardial salvage. In fact, the major limiting factor in further improving survival of patients with myocardial ischaemia is the susceptibility of the cardiomyocyte to ischaemic insult and lethal cell injury. Over the last decade substantial progress has been made in our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of ischaemia/reperfusion injury. From this work novel means which limit or delay myocyte death have emerged and are currently under development as therapeutic candidates for the management of acute coronary syndromes. This report examines cardioprotective mechanisms and reviews clinical evidence for myocardial protective therapies.
Integrated Ultramicroelectrode−Nanopipet Probe for Concurrent Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy and Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy (2010)

Scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) has developed into a powerful tool for imaging a range of biophysical systems. In addition, SICM has been integrated with a range of other techniques, allowing for the simultaneous collection of complementary information including near-field optical and electrophysiological properties. However, SICM imaging remains insensitive to electrochemical properties, which play an important role in both biological and nonbiological systems. In this work, we demonstrate the fabrication and application of a nanopipet probe with an integrated ultramicroelectrode (UME) for concurrent SICM and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). The fabrication process utilizes atomic layer deposition (ALD) of aluminum oxide to conformally insulate a gold-coated nanopipet and focused ion beam (FIB) milling to precisely expose a UME at the pipet tip. Fabricated probes are characterized by both scanning electron microscopy and cyclic voltammetry and exhibit a 100 nm diameter nanopipet tip and a UME with an effective radius of 294 nm. The probes exhibit positive and negative feedback responses on approach to conducting and insulating surfaces, respectively. The suitability of the probes for SECM-SICM imaging is demonstrated by both feedback-mode and substrate generation/tip collection-mode imaging on patterned surfaces. This probe geometry enables successful SECM-SICM imaging on features as small as 180 nm in size.
Cancer vaccines: an overview. (2008)

The long-held hope that vaccination strategies might be effective against cancer has motivated numerous attempts over the past century to put the idea to test in the clinic. Although the generally disappointing results have cast a long shadow over the field, advances in cancer immunology growing on the remarkable insights from basic immunology provide a strong foundation and powerful new tools to guide current attempts to fashion effective cancer vaccines. This review covers the scientific basis and rationale for cancer vaccines, the challenges involved in assembling the many ingredients going into the construction of cancer vaccines, and the daunting obstacles confronting academic investigators wanting to transfer their discoveries into the clinical arena. The Cancer Vaccine Collaborative (CVC), a partnership between the Cancer Research Institute and the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, represents a new academic model for developing, coordinating, conducting, and monitoring cancer vaccine trial. NY-ESO-1, a prototype cancer-testis (CT) antigen having strong spontaneous humoral and cellular immunogenicity, has been chosen as the initial CVC vaccine target, and the current status of NY-ESO-1 vaccine trials carried at the multiple CVC sites around the world is discussed.
MCMC Occupancy Grid Mapping with a Data-Driven Patch Prior (2021)

Occupancy grids have been widely used for mapping with mobile robots for several decades. Occupancy grids discretize the analog environment and seek to determine the occupancy probability of each cell. More recent occupancy grid mapping algorithms have shown the advantage of capturing cell correlations in the measurement model and the posterior. By estimating the probability of a given map as opposed to a cell, these algorithms have been able to better capture the occupancy probability of cells in the map. The advantage of incorporating data-driven prior probabilities in occupancy grid mapping is explored. A form of Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) known as Gibbs sampling allows us to sample maps from the full posterior. Previous research has sampled the occupancy probability of each cell, but this paper extends that work to sample a larger patch of cells and highlights the benefit of obtaining the prior for each patch from real maps.
Kinetic Influence of Siliceous Reactions on Structure Formation of Mesoporous Silica Formed via the Co-Structure Directing Agent Route (2016)

We investigate the mechanism responsible for the formation of mesoporous silica formed with the so-called costructure directing agent (CSDA) route. The synthesis relies on the interaction between silica source (tetraethylorthosilicate), cationic surfactant (C18H37N+(CH3)2(CH2)3N+(CH3)3Br2), and CSDA (carboxyethylsilanetriol), which results in a material functionalized with carboxylic groups. Depending on the concentration of HCl in the synthesis, the structure is defined by Fm3̅m (at high pH) and by Fd3̅m (at low pH), with a gradual transition in the intermediate pH range. Here, we aim at finding the origin for the structural change triggered by pH and investigate the effects of the hydrolysis of the silica source on the overall kinetics of the synthesis. A fast process results in Fm3̅m, regardless of pH, and a slow process results in Fd3̅m. The hydrolysis step is the important structural control parameter. We studied the cross-linking of silica and CSDA using 29Si NMR. The cross-linking is similar for the two structures, and possibly the Fd3̅m structure contains slightly more CSDA. 13C PT ssNMR was used to investigate the surfactant mobility/rigidity during the synthesis. The rigidity of the Fm3̅m is established much faster than that of the Fd3̅m.
Supplementary Materials, Table 1 and Figures 1-3 from <i>In vitro</i> Biological Characterization of a Novel, Synthetic Diaryl Pyrazole Resorcinol Class of Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitors (2023)

Supplementary Materials, Table 1 and Figures 1-3 from &lt;i&gt;In vitro&lt;/i&gt; Biological Characterization of a Novel, Synthetic Diaryl Pyrazole Resorcinol Class of Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitors
Pd-Catalyzed Deoxygenation of Mandelate Esters (2008)

A new approach to the synthesis of phenylacetic acids and esters has been developed via the palladium-catalyzed deoxygenation of mandelate esters.
A Spatial Learning Algorithm for IEEE 802.11 Networks (2009)

The success of dynamic spectrum access through simple listen-before-talk etiquettes has paved the way for opening up the spectrum. However, many problems still remain in these networks. Due to the complex nature of IEEE 802.11 networks, for instance, optimizing these networks regarding power, rate and carrier sense threshold remains a very tough challenge. In this paper, we introduce spatial learning. This new optimization algorithm for IEEE 802.11 networks employs learning to find an optimal combination of power, rate and carrier sense threshold. It is assumed that nodes behave selfishly and are only interested in optimizing their own throughput. Extensive network simulations show that spatial learning performs better than the state-of-the- art solution, spatial backoff, on all axes of interest: network-wide throughput, fairness and power consumption.
AUTOFOCALISATION PAR MIROIR À RENVERSEMENT TEMPOREL (1990)

Nous proposons une méthode de focalisation ultrasonore sur une cible réfléchissante en milieu faiblement inhomogène. L'idée consiste à transformer par retournement temporel, une onde issue de la cible en une onde convergeant vers la cible. Elle repose sur l'invariance de l'équation des ondes par inversion du temps et sur la linéarité de la réponse des transducteurs en la pression instantannée. Le système utilisé est un miroir à renversement temporel constitué d'une barrette de 64 transducteurs fonctionnant en émission-réception et commandés en parallèle par 64 émetteurs programmables. Une première onde est émise par la barrette, l'onde réfléchie est reçue, stockée puis réémise dans l'ordre inverse d'arrivée (procédure LIFO). L'onde ainsi produite converge vers la cible. Dans le cas de plusieurs diffuseurs cette procédure peut être itérée afin de focaliser vers le diffuseur le plus fort.
Abstract 1945: Degradation of ERG transcription factor as a targeted therapy in B-cell and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (2018)

Abstract Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) occurs in children and adults and is one of the most common forms of pediatric cancer. The ideal individualized therapy for B- and T-cell ALL heavily depends on the present molecular drivers. However, even with the success of ALL therapy, only a few strategies target disease-specific molecular lesions. Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph+) ALL, which harbors the BCR:ABL1 rearrangement, are sensitive to tailored inhibitors. Unfortunately, most ALL cases in both children (97-98%) and adults (70-80%) are Ph-; therefore, agents designed to directly target other molecular lesions are urgently needed. ERG, an ETS-family transcription factor, plays a key role in hematopoietic differentiation, megakaryopoiesis, and megakaryoblastic leukemia associated with Down syndrome. ERG overexpression is predictive of a poor prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia and T-ALL. Transgenic expression of ERG causes T-ALL in mice and knockdown of ERG reduces human T-ALL cell proliferation. We have previously identified a consensus peptide (EIPs) that specifically binds to and leads to the proteosomal degradation of the ERG protein in prostate cancers having the TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion. Here, we demonstrated that wild type ERG was overexpressed at the mRNA and protein levels in a subset of B- and T-cell ALLs, but not in precursor CD4+, CD8+, or CD19+ cells. Pull-down assay found that streptavidin-linked beads were enriched for ERG proteins. Treatment of EIPs induced proteolytic degradation of ERG protein in Hal-01 cells, and therefore selectively inhibited ERG-driven cell growth and proliferation. More importantly, structure-based optimization created the next generation of ERG degraders (EIPv2). EIPv2 treatment significantly decreased ERG protein in Hal-01 cells starting from 3 hrs and nearly depleted ERG proteins at 48 hrs, resulting in 10-fold more potency than EIPs (IC50=2.3µM vs 25.7µM for EIPv2 and EIPs, respectively). Together, our results validate the development of peptidomimetics for ERG depletion as a targeted therapy for ALL. Unlike small-molecule antagonists, which require continuous dosing that eventually induces drug resistance, most protein degraders have relatively higher and longer pharmacological effects without requiring continuous exposure to high doses. Such an approach can abolish the presence of an oncoprotein, which, in theory, can overcome resistance to target inhibitors. Citation Format: Xiaoju Wang, Caleb Cheng, Yuanyuan Qiao, Lanbo Xiao, Cynthia Wang, Abhijit Parolia, Arul Chinnaiyan. Degradation of ERG transcription factor as a targeted therapy in B-cell and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1945.
Self-organization and dewetting kinetics in sub-10 nm diblock copolymer line/space lithography (2023)

In this work, we investigated the self-assembly of a lamellar block copolymer (BCP) under different wetting conditions. We explored the influence of the chemical composition of under-layers and top-coats on the thin film stability, self-assembly kinetics and BCP domain orientation. Three different chemistries were chosen for these surface affinity modifiers and their composition was tuned in order to provide either neutral wetting (i.e. an out-of-plane lamellar structure), or affine wetting conditions (i.e. an in-plane lamellar structure) with respect to a sub-10 nm PS-<i>b</i>-PDMSB lamellar system. Using such controlled wetting configurations, the competition between the dewetting of the BCP layer and the self-organization kinetics was explored. We also evaluated the spreading parameter of the BCP films with respect to the configurations of surface-energy modifiers and demonstrated that BCP layers are intrinsically unstable to dewetting in a neutral configuration. Finally, the dewetting mechanisms were evaluated with respect to the different wetting configurations and we clearly observed that the rigidity of the top-coat is a key factor to delay BCP film instability.
Investigation of ultra low-dose scans in the context of quantum-counting clinical CT (2012)

In clinical computed tomography (CT), images from patient examinations taken with conventional scanners exhibit noise characteristics governed by electronics noise, when scanning strongly attenuating obese patients or with an ultra-low X-ray dose. Unlike CT systems based on energy integrating detectors, a system with a quantum counting detector does not suffer from this drawback. Instead, the noise from the electronics mainly affects the spectral resolution of these detectors. Therefore, it does not contribute to the image noise in spectrally non-resolved CT images. This promises improved image quality due to image noise reduction in scans obtained from clinical CT examinations with lowest X-ray tube currents or obese patients. To quantify the benefits of quantum counting detectors in clinical CT we have carried out an extensive simulation study of the complete scanning and reconstruction process for both kinds of detectors. The simulation chain encompasses modeling of the X-ray source, beam attenuation in the patient, and calculation of the detector response. Moreover, in each case the subsequent image preprocessing and reconstruction is modeled as well. The simulation-based, theoretical evaluation is validated by experiments with a novel prototype quantum counting system and a Siemens Definition Flash scanner with a conventional energy integrating CT detector. We demonstrate and quantify the improvement from image noise reduction achievable with quantum counting techniques in CT examinations with ultra-low X-ray dose and strong attenuation.
PLANTAR LOADING IN THE YOUTH SOCCER PLAYER DURING COMMON SOCCER MOVEMENTS AND RISK FOR FOOT INJURY (2019)

Background: Soccer players are at high risk of stress injuries in the foot. While most research addresses this issue in professional athletes, there is little information concerning young athletes. Objective: As soccer is practiced around the world since early infancy, we set out to determine whether young soccer athletes are susceptible to increased foot loading that increase risk factors for foot injuries. Design: Case control study;Setting: LaboratoryParticipants: twenty-six male adolescents (mean age 16 years old) were organized into two groups: soccer players (n=13) and controls (n=13). Interventions: Participants completed a circuit of soccer relevant motor tasks while plantar pressure data were recorded with different footwear conditions. Additionally, foot sensitivity, ankle range of motion and Q-angle were determined for each group. Data were compared between the soccer and control groups within the different footwear conditions.Main Outcome Measures: Groups were compared regarding foot sensitivity, ankle range of motion, Q-angle, and plantar pressure determined during running and cutting movements performed at maximal speed and using different shoes. Results: Foot sensitivity, ankle range of motion and Q-angle did not differ between the groups. During performance of soccer actions, young players showed higher peak pressure in the lateral region of the foot including the fifth metatarsal. These higher peaks were minimized by manipulation of the footwear. Conclusion: In summary, young soccer athletes show dynamic plantar pressure patterns that are related to foot injury in the adult athlete, and this condition can be minimized by the manipulation of the footwear.
ChemInform Abstract: The First Example of an Ethylene‐Selective Soluble Ziegler Catalyst of the Zirconocene Class. (1990)

Abstract Chiral, sterically rigid metallocenes of the fourth subgroup together with methylaluminoxane as co‐catalyst exhibit highly active, stereospecific catalytically activity for the polymerization of α‐olefins.
Smart Stacking&#x2122; and Smart Cut&#x2122; technologies for wafer level 3D integration (2013)

The wafer stacking technology for 3D integration requires high quality bonding interfaces with uniform bonding films. Two wafer level stacking technologies - Smart Stacking™ and Smart Cut™ - are developed to address the manufacturing challenges for improved process cost efficiency.