gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Induction of exportin-5 expression during melanoma development supports the cellular behavior of human malignant melanoma cells (2016)

Regulation of gene expression via microRNAs is known to promote the development of many types of cancer. In melanoma, miRNAs are globally up-regulated, and alterations of miRNA-processing enzymes have already been identified. However, mis-regulation of miRNA transport has not been analyzed in melanoma yet. We hypothesized that alterations in miRNA transport disrupt miRNA processing. Therefore, we investigated whether the pre-miRNA transporter Exportin-5 (XPO5) was involved in altered miRNA maturation and functional consequences in melanoma. We found that XPO5 is significantly over-expressed in melanoma compared with melanocytes. We showed enhanced XPO5 mRNA stability in melanoma cell lines which likely contributes to up-regulated XPO5 protein expression. In addition, we identified MEK signaling as a regulator of XPO5 expression in melanoma. Knockdown of XPO5 expression in melanoma cells led to decreased mature miRNA levels and drastic functional changes. Our data revealed that aberrant XPO5 expression is important for the maturation of miRNAs and the malignant behavior of melanoma cells. We suggest that the high abundance of XPO5 in melanoma leads to enhanced survival, proliferation and metastasis and thereby supports the aggressiveness of melanoma.
Characterization of InGaAsSbN layers grown on InP by MBE (2011)

Abstract Optical and electrical properties of the InGaAsSbN layers grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on InP substrates were studied in comparison with InGaAsN layers. It was found that the optical properties of the InGaAsSbN layer characterized by photoreflectance (PR) and photoluminescence (PL) measurements are superior to those of InGaAsN layer. In addition, electrical properties characterized by Hall measurements were also improved by adding Sb atoms. Annealing studies on photoluminescence properties of the InGaAsSbN layer revealed that the PL intensity increases and the PL spectral half width decreases upon annealing up to 700 °C. These results indicate that post‐annealing is still necessary for InGaAsSbN layers to improve crystalline quality (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Multi-objective optimization of reflector antennas using kriging and probability of improvement (2017)

This paper presents the multi-objective optimization design of a blocked prime focus reflector system using a Kriging response surface approximation technique with adaptive sampling. Samples are added to the model by selecting those with the highest probability of improving the current estimate of the Pareto front. The problem is especially difficult due to the multi-modal nature of the Pareto front, and a good estimate is achieved using only a modest number of full wave simulations.
High-Throughput Microfluidic Single-Cell Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction (2013)

Here we present an integrated microfluidic device for the high-throughput digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) analysis of single cells. This device allows for the parallel processing of single cells and executes all steps of analysis, including cell capture, washing, lysis, reverse transcription, and dPCR analysis. The cDNA from each single cell is distributed into a dedicated dPCR array consisting of 1020 chambers, each having a volume of 25 pL, using surface-tension-based sample partitioning. The high density of this dPCR format (118,900 chambers/cm(2)) allows the analysis of 200 single cells per run, for a total of 204,000 PCR reactions using a device footprint of 10 cm(2). Experiments using RNA dilutions show this device achieves shot-noise-limited performance in quantifying single molecules, with a dynamic range of 10(4). We performed over 1200 single-cell measurements, demonstrating the use of this platform in the absolute quantification of both high- and low-abundance mRNA transcripts, as well as micro-RNAs that are not easily measured using alternative hybridization methods. We further apply the specificity and sensitivity of single-cell dPCR to performing measurements of RNA editing events in single cells. High-throughput dPCR provides a new tool in the arsenal of single-cell analysis methods, with a unique combination of speed, precision, sensitivity, and specificity. We anticipate this approach will enable new studies where high-performance single-cell measurements are essential, including the analysis of transcriptional noise, allelic imbalance, and RNA processing.
Influence of shape on the reactivity and properties of dendritic, hyperbranched and linear aromatic polyesters (1994)

Previously described dendritic and hyperbranched polyesters and a new linear polyester obtained by polymerization of 3-hydroxy-5-(t-butyldimethylsilyloxy)benzoic acid, each based on the 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid building block, were used in the study of differences in chemical and physical properties between the three different polymer architectures. Comparison of the physical properties between the dendritic, hyperbranched and linear structures showed that thermal properties, such as glass transition temperature and thermogravimetric analysis, were independent of macromolecular architecture. However, the dendritic and hyperbranched materials demonstrated comparative solubilities which were much greater than that found for the linear polymer. Other differences were observed in chemical reactivities.
ReverseORC: Reverse Engineering of Resizable User Interface Layouts with OR-Constraints (2022)

Reverse engineering (RE) of user interfaces (UIs) plays an important role in software evolution. However, the large diversity of UI technologies and the need for UIs to be resizable make this challenging. We propose ReverseORC, a novel RE approach able to discover diverse layout types and their dynamic resizing behaviours independently of their implementation, and to specify them by using OR constraints. Unlike previous RE approaches, ReverseORC infers flexible layout constraint specifications by sampling UIs at different sizes and analyzing the differences between them. It can create specifications that replicate even some non-standard layout managers with complex dynamic layout behaviours. We demonstrate that ReverseORC works across different platforms with very different layout approaches, e.g., for GUIs as well as for the Web. Furthermore, it can be used to detect and fix problems in legacy UIs, extend UIs with enhanced layout behaviours, and support the creation of flexible UI layouts.
Supplemental Figure S6 from <sup>18</sup>F-FAZA PET Imaging Response Tracks the Reoxygenation of Tumors in Mice upon Treatment with the Mitochondrial Complex I Inhibitor BAY 87-2243 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure S6. Bar graphs showing effect of BAY 87-2243 on RT-PCR expression profiles for (A) PDK-1, (B) GLUT-1, (C) GLUT-3 and (D) HK-2&lt;/p&gt;
Methylphenidate treatment in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and comorbid social phobia (2014)

The aim of this study was to assess the response of social phobia (SP) symptoms to methylphenidate (MPH) treatment in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Twenty-one ADHD patients with SP, aged between 8 and 18 years, received 12 weeks of MPH treatment. The severity of SP symptoms were assessed by the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale for Children and Adolescents (LSAS-CA), and the severity of ADHD symptoms was assessed by the ADHD Rating Scale at baseline and at endpoint. MPH treatment was associated with a significant decrease in the ADHD Rating Scale scores (P<0.0001) and in the total LSAS-CA scores (P=0.013), as well as the school-related items of LSAS-CA (P=0.011). A significant correlation was found between the reductions in ADHD score and total LSAS-CA score (P=0.038), especially in school-related SP. The improvement in ADHD symptoms because of MPH treatment correlates with a parallel improvement in SP. MPH treatment appears to be safe and effective in ADHD/SP children.
Nonlinear photodetection scheme and its system applications to fiber-optic millimeter-wave wireless down-links (1999)

We report on our study on the nonlinear photodetection (NL-PD) scheme, which we have proposed and demonstrated as an extremely simple configuration for the optoelectronic millimeter-wave (MM-wave) mixing. The topics described in this paper are as follows: (1) advantageous optical MM-wave link architectures employing the NL-PD techniques; (2) operation principle of NL-PD; (3) detailed characterization of optoelectronic MM-wave mixer properties of a waveguide p-i-n photodiode; (4) experimental demonstration of NL-PD performance in analog and digital fiber-optic MM-wave transmission over a 30 km single-mode fiber; and (5) proposal of its possible applications to fiber-optic MM-wave wireless down-links, such as passive antenna base stations and coax-wireless-hybrid fiber-optic CATV systems.
TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TRIBOLOGICAL MATERIALS USED IN MOTOR VEHICLES. PART 2 (1988)

The paper presents a survey of the state of the materials technology and material-oriented research and development trends of the tribological systems of the motor vehicle. Discussed are engine components, especially the cam/tappet and the cylinder barrel/piston ring systems. A detailed analysis of the state of development and trends in the use of ceramic materials in other power units is given.
Script (1983)

In this paper, we introduce a new abstraction mechanism, called a script, which hides the low-level details that implement patterns of communication. A script localizes the communication between a set of roles (formal processes), to which actual processes enroll in order to participate in the action of the script. The paper discusses the addition of scripts to the languages CSP and Ada, as well as to a shared-variable language with monitors.
Virus yield reduction assay on BHK cells. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;HMEC-1 cells were infected with DENV-2 (MOI 1) in the presence or absence of the compounds (300 nM). After 24 h, supernatant was collected and transmitted to a monolayer of BHK cells at serial 10-fold dilutions. Plaques were counted after 4 days. Left: A representative virus yield reduction assay of dilution 10&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt; is shown: Cell control (A), virus control (B), heparin (C), K5-OS(H) (D), K5-N,OS(H) (E) and K5 (F). Right: The % cytopathic effect (CPE) relative to the virus control ± standard deviation is shown.&lt;/p&gt;
Structure of a new isoflavone from fungi and streptomyces inhibiting dopa decarboxylase. (1976)

A new dopa decarboxylase inhibiting isoflavone has been isolated from culture filtrates of fungi and streptomyces and shown to be 3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxy-8-methoxyisoflavone.
SH1 Domain Autophosphorylation of P210 BCR/ABL Is Required for Transformation but Not Growth Factor Independence (1993)

P210 BCR/ABL is a chimeric oncogene implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic myelogenous leukemia. BCR sequences have been shown to be required for activation of the tyrosine kinase and transforming functions of BCR/ABL. In this work, we show that two other structural requirements for full transforming activity of P210 BCR/ABL include a functional tyrosine kinase and the presence of tyrosine 1294, a site of autophosphorylation within the tyrosine kinase domain. Replacement of tyrosine 1294 with phenylalanine (1294F) greatly diminishes the transforming activity of BCR/ABL without affecting the specific activity of the protein tyrosine kinase. Expression of an exogenous myc gene in fibroblasts partially complements the transforming capacity of mutant P210 BCR/ABL (1294F). Surprisingly, tyrosine 1294 is not required for efficient induction of growth factor-independence in hematopoietic cell lines by P210 BCR/ABL. These results suggest that autophosphorylation at tyrosine 1294 may be important for recognition and phosphorylation of cellular substrates in the pathway of transformation, but it is not critical for mediating the events which lead to growth factor independence.
Ultra low reflectivity black silicon surfaces and devices enable unique optical applications (Conference Presentation) (2017)

Optical devices with features exhibiting ultra low reflectivity on the order of 1e-7 specular reflectance and 0.1% hemispherical TIR in the visible spectrum enable unique applications in astronomical research and instruments such as coronagraphs and spectrometers. Nanofabrication technologies have been developed to produce such devices with various shapes and feature dimensions to meet these requirements. Infrared reflection is also suppressed significantly with chosen wafers and processes. Very low levels of specular and scattered light are achievable over a very broad spectral band. We present some of the approaches, challenges and achieved results in producing and characterizing such surfaces and devices currently employed in laboratory testbeds and instruments. The level of blackness achievable in relation to basic material properties such as conductivity and process variables are discussed in detail.
Effect of Imaging Parameters on Multimodal Quantitative SPECT with In-111 Octreotide (2018)

1788 Objectives: SPECT/CT is increasingly used for quantification of tumor activity implementing tracer uptake parameters originally developed and tested for PET, such as the standardized uptake value. Goal of this project was to apply quantitative SPECT/CT to imaging studies of neuroendocrine tumors with In-111 octreotide and investigate the effect of imaging parameters on estimated tumor activity (measured as SUVpeak) and detectability (measured as CNR).
 Methods: Twenty subjects were imaged using a Siemens/Symbia T16 dual headed camera. Of these, 13 subjects demonstrated tumor uptake of In-111 octreotide in either a primary tumor or metastasis (In+ subjects). The dual head SPECT/CT camera was calibrated using a NIST-standardized selenium-75 point source. Images were obtained in list mode and reconstructed in 128x128 and 256x256 matrix with the conjugate gradient technique using one subset, three updates (24, 36, 48) and three smoothing FWHM (8, 10, 12 mm). Peak standardized uptake values (SUVpeak) and contrast to noise ratios (CNR) were obtained using spherical volumes of interest (5 mL for lesions, 30 mL for background and liver). Dependence of SUVpeak and CNR on imaging time post injection, reconstruction parameters, tumor presence, patient age and gender was tested by multivariate regression analysis. For lesion characterization the SUVpeak was obtained at a combination of matrix size, update number and filter parameter which resulted in maximal SUVpeak x CNR product. Results were reported as median values. Results: The liver SUVpeak values depended on time post injection, age and gender but not on tumor presence, reconstruction matrix, updates and filter. The following median values were measured in the liver: SUVbw=1.97; SUVlbw=1.23; SUVbsa=0.98. The following SUVpeak median (first quartile, third quartile) values were obtained in tumors: a) metastases in the chest (n=8): 2.71 (1.37, 12.39), b) primary or metastatic lesions in abdomen excluding liver (n=10): 19.9 (9.56, 33.97); metastases in the liver (n=9): 8.15 (5.99, 16.32). Pooled SUVpeak showed significant positive regression on time after injection and number of updates but no regression on age, gender, filter and matrix. On an individual bases SUVpeak showed significant regression on matrix size (p=4.66E-02) and particularly on updates (p=1.01E-93) and filter (p=6.52E-35). Time post injection demonstrated significant effect on pooled CNR.Conclusion: Quantification of In-111 octreotide uptake with SPECT is feasible in both tumor tissues and in liver as reference organ. Time after injection and number of updates affect the pooled SUVpeak value while pooled CNR depends on time post injection. On an individual basis SUVpeak also strongly depends on matrix size, updates and filter. The presented preliminary data lay the groundwork for further investigation of the role of quantitative In-111 octreotide SPECT studies. Potential clinical applications include lesion characterization and measurement of treatment response.
Biomedical Applications of Dielectric Elastomer Actuators (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction UMA Based Actuators and Their Application to Pumps Mechanical Stimulation Using Thickness-Mode Actuation Implantable Artificial Diaphragm Muscle Implantable Artificial Facial Muscles Limb Prosthetics and Orthotics Mechanical Actuation for ‘Active’ Cell Culture Assays Conclusions References
Antibiotic treatment using amoxicillin-clavulanic acid impairs gut mycobiota development through modification of the bacterial ecosystem (2023)

Bacteria and fungi have strong interactions within the microbiota; hence, the perturbation initiated by an antibiotic treatment targeting the bacterial community can have complex consequences and can induce opposite alterations of the mycobiota. Interestingly, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid treatment has a deleterious effect on the fungal community, which may have been partially due to the overgrowth of specific bacterial strains with inhibiting or competing effects on fungi. This study provides new insights into the interactions between fungi and bacteria of the intestinal microbiota and might offer new strategies to modulate gut microbiota equilibrium. Video Abstract.
Comparative Study of Mg(CB11H12)2 and Mg(TFSI)2 at the Magnesium/Electrolyte Interface (2019)

An essential requirement for electrolytes in rechargeable magnesium-ion (Mg-ion) batteries is to enable Mg plating-stripping with low overpotential and high Coulombic efficiency. To date, the influence of the Mg/electrolyte interphase on plating and stripping behaviors is still not well understood. In this study, we investigate the Mg/electrolyte interphase from electrolytes based on two Mg salts with weakly coordinating anions: magnesium monocarborane (Mg(CB<sub>11</sub>H<sub>12</sub>)<sub>2</sub>) and magnesium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Mg(TFSI)<sub>2</sub>). Cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiometry of Mg plating-stripping demonstrate significantly lower overpotential in the Mg(CB<sub>11</sub>H<sub>12</sub>)<sub>2</sub> electrolyte than in Mg(TFSI)<sub>2</sub> under the same condition. Surface characterizations including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy clearly demonstrate the superior chemical and electrochemical stability of the Mg(CB<sub>11</sub>H<sub>12</sub>)<sub>2</sub> electrolyte at the Mg surface without noticeable interphase formation. On the other hand, characterizations of the Mg/electrolyte interface in the Mg(TFSI)<sub>2</sub> electrolyte indicate the formation of magnesium oxide, magnesium sulfide, and magnesium fluoride as the interfacial compounds resulting from the decomposition of TFSI<sup>-</sup> anions because of both chemical reduction by Mg and cathodic reduction during Mg deposition.
Monolithic Structure: Materials and Methods for Reduced Cost, Reduced Weight and Improved Damage Tolerance (2003)

Integral metallic structure can reduce the cost of airframes significantly. It is very weight efficient for designs driven by compression stability. However, the damage tolerance of the first generation of monolithic designs is not as good as that of built-up structure. Recent studies of potential monolithic fuselage structure concluded that a machined panel with mono-directional stiffening was one of the most cost effective and technically most feasible solutions. However, the aluminum alloy selected at first (7050) was found to have insufficient toughness for the required residual strength. Alloy 7475 did improve this situation, at the expense of some stability and strength, but the damage tolerance aspects still proved the principal design drivers – especially at low temperatures, where fracture toughness of 7xxx-series alloys is known to decrease. Natural aged 2xxx-series T3 do not have this problem, but they are much less strong, and at the thick gauges needed for integral machined
Carnitine and γ‐Butyrobetaine Stimulate Elimination of Meldonium due to Competition for OCTN2‐mediated Transport (2016)

Meldonium (3-(2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium)propionate) is the most potent clinically used inhibitor of organic cation transporter 2 (OCTN2). Inhibition of OCTN2 leads to a decrease in carnitine and acylcarnitine contents in tissues and energy metabolism optimization-related cardioprotective effects. The recent inclusion of meldonium in the World Anti-Doping Agency List of Prohibited Substances and Methods has raised questions about the pharmacokinetics of meldonium and its unusually long elimination time. Therefore, in this study, the rate of meldonium washout after the end of the treatment was tested with and without administration of carnitine, γ-butyrobetaine (GBB) and furosemide to evaluate the importance of competition for OCTN2 transport in mice. Here, we show that carnitine and GBB administration during the washout period effectively stimulated the elimination of meldonium. GBB induced a more pronounced effect on meldonium elimination than carnitine due to the higher affinity of GBB for OCTN2. The diuretic effect of furosemide did not significantly affect the elimination of meldonium, carnitine and GBB. In conclusion, the competition of meldonium, carnitine and GBB for OCTN2-mediated transport determines the pharmacokinetic properties of meldonium. Thus, due to their affinity for OCTN2, GBB and carnitine but not furosemide stimulated meldonium elimination. During long-term treatment, OCTN2-mediated transport ensures a high muscle content of meldonium, while tissue clearance depends on relatively slow diffusion, thus resulting in the unusually long complete elimination period of meldonium.
Einfluss des Schlaf-Wachverhaltens auf die zerebralen Korrelate kognitiver Leistungsfähigkeit: interindividuelle Unterschiede (2012)

peer reviewed
Classification with Invariant Scattering Representations (2011)

A scattering transform defines a signal representation which is invariant to translations and Lipschitz continuous relatively to deformations. It is implemented with a non-linear convolution network that iterates over wavelet and modulus operators. Lipschitz continuity locally linearizes deformations. Complex classes of signals and textures can be modeled with low-dimensional affine spaces, computed with a PCA in the scattering domain. Classification is performed with a penalized model selection. State of the art results are obtained for handwritten digit recognition over small training sets, and for texture classification.
Reaching Data Confidentiality and Model Accountability on the CalTrain (2018)

Distributed collaborative learning (DCL) paradigms enable building joint machine learning models from distrusting multi-party participants. Data confidentiality is guaranteed by retaining private training data on each participant's local infrastructure. However, this approach to achieving data confidentiality makes today's DCL designs fundamentally vulnerable to data poisoning and backdoor attacks. It also limits DCL's model accountability, which is key to backtracking the responsible "bad" training data instances/contributors. In this paper, we introduce CALTRAIN, a Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) based centralized multi-party collaborative learning system that simultaneously achieves data confidentiality and model accountability. CALTRAIN enforces isolated computation on centrally aggregated training data to guarantee data confidentiality. To support building accountable learning models, we securely maintain the links between training instances and their corresponding contributors. Our evaluation shows that the models generated from CALTRAIN can achieve the same prediction accuracy when compared to the models trained in non-protected environments. We also demonstrate that when malicious training participants tend to implant backdoors during model training, CALTRAIN can accurately and precisely discover the poisoned and mislabeled training data that lead to the runtime mispredictions.