gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CAR T Cells Targeting B7-H3, a Pan-Cancer Antigen, Demonstrate Potent Preclinical Activity Against Pediatric Solid Tumors and Brain Tumors (2019)

B7-H3 CAR T cells could represent an exciting therapeutic option for patients with certain lethal relapsed or refractory pediatric malignancies, and should be tested in carefully designed clinical trials.
Independent rearrangement of Igλ genes in tissue culture-derived murine B cell lines (1991)

Rearrangement of the lambda light chain locus is considered a late event in pre-B cell differentiation which occurs after successful heavy chain and unsuccessful kappa light chain rearrangement. However, this view has recently been challenged by the observation of apparently independent lambda rearrangement in certain B cell lines and Ig transgenic populations. In this study we have examined the pattern of Ig rearrangements and expression in several tissue culture-derived murine B cell lines. One pre-B cell line (BDL-1) displayed germline heavy and kappa light chain genes despite the presence of a productive lambda 1 light chain rearrangement. Two other cell lines (DAC-2, BDL-2) had multiple lambda rearrangements despite the presence of productive kappa chain rearrangements. These cell lines provide new precedents for rearrangement of the lambda locus independent of the kappa locus. Their phenotype suggests that accessibility at the different Ig loci may be controlled by a non-sequential mechanism.
Improving link robustness in 5G ultra-dense small cells by hybrid ARQ (2014)

A new 5 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> generation (5G) radio access technology is expected to cope with an estimated factor of ~x1000 growth in mobile data traffic in the upcoming years. Such system will be optimized for a massive uncoordinated deployment of small cells, where autonomous operation of the individual nodes may bring unpredictable and fast varying link quality. In this paper, Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) is studied as a solution to cope with such unpredictability. An operational mode of HARQ for our 5G system definition is proposed, and its performance is evaluated for two different scheduling options. Simulation results confirm the capability of HARQ of improving the final throughput and solving outage problems, with limited impact on the end delay.
Indirect Estimations of Lentil Leaf and Plant N by SPAD Chlorophyll Meter (2015)

A Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) chlorophyll meter can be used to screen for leaf nitrogen (N) concentration in breeding programs. Lentil ( Lens culinaris L.) cultivars were grown under varied N regimes, SPAD chlorophyll meter readings (SCMR) were recorded from the cultivars leaves, and leaf N concentration was measured by combustion. Linear regression and the nonlinear Radial Basis Functions (RBF) neural networks models were employed to estimate leaf N concentration (LNC) based on the SCMR values. The closest estimates of LNC were obtained from the multivariate models in which the combination of plant age, leaf thickness, and SCMR was employed as the independent variable. In comparison, SCMR as the single independent variable in both models estimated less than 50% of LNC variations. The results showed significant effects of soil moisture and plant age on the association of LNC –SCMR as well as the relationship of LNC with plant N, grain yield, and days to maturity. However, the effect of cultivar on the measured variables was negligible. Although lentil N can be diagnosed by comparing SCMR values of the crop with those from a well-fertilized (N fixing) plot, the results did not support using SPAD chlorophyll meter for screening lentil LNC.
Molecular events in MSC exosome mediated cytoprotection in cardiomyocytes (2019)

A host of hormonal-metabolic alterations take place following exposure of cardiomyocytes to hypoxia and other noxious stimuli. Here, we demonstrate that exposure of cultured rat cardiomyocytes to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) resulted in upregulation (~1.5 fold) of oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1). There was also a marked increase in apoptosis 12 hrs after LPS treatment with caspase-3 levels being significantly elevated (~1.3 fold) and a significant increase in LDH release at 24 hrs. Interestingly, there was a ~1.4-fold upregulation of LC-3 expression post-LPS treatment indicating development of autophagy, which probably is a compensatory response to combat cellular injury induced by LPS. Treatment with LPS also reduced the size and morphology of cardiomyocyte spheroids. In an attempt to limit LPS-induced injury, cardiomyocytes were treated with exosomes derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). We noted a significant suppression of LOX-1 expression that in turn suppressed apoptosis as well as autophagic response and restored spheroid morphology. Mass spectrophotometric analysis of MSC exosomes revealed a cargo rich in proteins which are involved in pathways negatively modulating cell death and apoptosis while promoting cell survival. This is first report to our knowledge on the initial molecular events in MSC exosome mediated cytoprotection of stressed cardiomyocytes.
In vitro and in vivo evaluation of a dextran-graft-polybutylmethacrylate copolymer coated on CoCr metallic stent (2018)

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The major complications of stent implantation are restenosis and late stent thrombosis. PBMA polymers are used for stent coating because of their mechanical properties. We previously synthesized and characterized Dextrangraft-polybutylmethacrylate copolymer (Dex-PBMA) as a potential stent coating. In this study, we evaluated the haemocompatibility and biocompatibility properties of Dex-PBMA <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Here, we investigated: (1) the effectiveness of polymer coating under physiological conditions and its ability to release Tacrolimus®, (2) the capacity of Dex-PBMA to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus adhesion, (3) the thrombin generation and the human platelet adhesion in static and dynamic conditions, (4) the biocompatibility properties <i>in vitro</i> on human endothelial colony forming cells ( ECFC) and on mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and <i>in vivo</i> in rat models, and (5) we implanted Dex-PBMA and Dex-PBMA<sub>TAC</sub> coated stents in neointimal hyperplasia restenosis rabbit model. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Dex-PBMA coating efficiently prevented bacterial adhesion and release Tacrolimus®. Dex-PBMA exhibit haemocompatibility properties under flow and ECFC and MSC compatibility. <i>In vivo</i>, no pathological foreign body reaction was observed neither after intramuscular nor intravascular aortic implantation. After Dex-PBMA and Dex-PBMA<sub>TAC</sub> coated stents 30 days implantation in a restenosis rabbit model, an endothelial cell coverage was observed and the lumen patency was preserved. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Based on our findings, Dex-PBMA exhibited vascular compatibility and can potentially be used as a coating for metallic coronary stents.
Long-term Reliability of Double Clad Fibers (2016)

Fiber lasers are becoming ubiquitous in a range of applications. This paper discusses factors determining mechanical and optical reliability of the fibers in typical deployment conditions and offers predictive models for determining fiber lifetimes.
ChemInform Abstract: An Exceptionally Simple Method of Preparing Isolated Biradicals, Biradicaloids, and Carbenes. (1988)

Abstract Photolysis of (I) in EtOH‐, MeOH‐, or Et 2 CHMe‐glass or its 2.5 MeV electron bombardment in MTHF (2‐methyltetrahydrofuran) leads to a much higher yield of diradical (II) than with other methods.
STUDY OF NYCTHEMERAL VARIATIONS IN BLOOD PRESSURE IN PATIENTS WITH NON-ARTERITIC ANTERIOR ISCHEMIC OPTIC NEUROPATHY (2022)

Objective: Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAAION) is the most common acute pathology of the optic nerve in patients over 50 years of age and loss of vision is irreversible in the vast majority of cases. The role of nocturnal arterial hypotension in the occurrence of NAAION remains a topic of debate. Indeed, studies on this subject are rare and the results contradictory. In this study, we ubject the nychthemeral variations in blood pressure (BP) in a large cohort of patients with acute NAAION to determine the presence and extent of nocturnal arterial hypotension in this population, and thus determine whether nocturnal arterial hypotension could be involved in the pathophysiology of NAAION Design and method: BP was recorded for 24 h (ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, ABPM) in 65 patients with acute NAAION. Three definitions of nighttime periods were used: definition 1, 1 a.m.–6 a.m.; definition 2, 10 p.m.–7 a.m.; and definition 3, 10 p.m.–8 a.m. For each of these definitions, patients were classified according to the value of nocturnal reduction in BP into dippers (10–20%), mild dippers (0–10%), reverse dippers (&lt; 0%), and extreme dippers (&gt; 20%). Results: The proportions of dippers, mild dippers, reverse dippers, and extreme dippers varied significantly depending on the definition chosen. We found the highest number of patients with extreme dipping (23%) when using the strictest definition of nighttime period (definition 1, 1 a.m.–6 a.m.), as compared with 6.2% and 1.5% for the other definitions, respectively. Overall, 13 of 33 patients without known systemic hypertension (39%) were diagnosed with hypertension (systolic and/or diastolic hypertension) after ABPM. No risk factor for NAAION was associated with the extreme-dipping profile. Finally, the prevalence of systemic hypertension was high (69%). Conclusions: In our population of patients who had an episode of NAAION, the proportion of extreme dippers was higher than that usually found in the literature. The definition of the nighttime period used in this study had an impact on the proportion of extreme dippers and might probably explain the contradictory results from the few studies on this ubject.
Hydrogen‐fed biofilm reactors reducing selenate and sulfate: Community structure and capture of elemental selenium within the biofilm (2016)

Remediation of selenate (SeO4 (2-) ) contamination through microbial reduction is often challenging due to the presence of sulfate (SO4 (2-) ), which can lead to competition for the electron donor and the co-production of toxic H2 S. Microbial reduction of SeO4 (2-) in the presence of SO4 (2-) was studied in two hydrogen-based membrane biofilm reactors (MBfRs). One MBfR was initiated with SO4 (2-) -reducing conditions and gradually shifted to SeO4 (2-) reduction. The second MBfR was developed with a SeO4 (2-) -reducing biofilm, followed by SO4 (2-) introduction. Biofilms within both MBfRs achieved greater than 90% SeO4 (2-) reduction, even though the SeO4 (2-) concentration ranged from 1,000-11,000 μg/L, more than 20-200 times the maximum contaminant level for drinking water (50 μg/L). Biofilm microbial community composition, assessed by 16S rRNA gene-based amplicon pyrosequencing, was distinct between the two MBfRs and was framed by alterations in SeO4 (2-) loading. Specifically, high SeO4 (2-) loading resulted in communities mainly composed of denitrifying bacteria (e.g., Denitratisoma and Dechloromonas). In contrast, low loading led to mostly sulfate-reducing bacteria (i.e., Desulfovibrio) and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (i.e., Sulfuricurvum and Sulfurovum). SeO4 (2-) was reduced to elemental selenium (Se°), which was visualized within the biofilm as crystalloid aggregates, with its fate corresponding to that of biofilm solids. In conclusion, microbial biofilm communities initiated under either SeO4 (2-) or SO4 (2-) -reducing conditions attained high SeO4 (2-) removal rates even though their microbial community composition was quite distinct. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016;113: 1736-1744. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Deterrence Then and Now. (2018)

Abstract: Against the backdrop of an international system becoming more confrontational in nature, the subject of deterrence is back again. This article provides an overview of the nature of the deterrence problem during the Cold War period and today. While the broader circumstances have changed markedly, today, the central issue of deterrence remains the same as in the Cold War: how to maintain the credibility of the American threat to employ nuclear weapons in the defense of allies in the face of adversaries that can retaliate with devastating nuclear attacks against the US itself. There is little doubt about the threat of the US or other nuclear powers to retaliate in the event of a nuclear attack against their own homelands, so long as those retaliatory forces can survive the initial attack. The problem is the credibility of US extended deterrence.
MitoBlue: A Nontoxic and Photostable Blue-Emitting Dye That Selectively Labels Functional Mitochondria (2014)

We report the discovery of a fluorogenic dye, N(1),N(3)-di(2-aminidonaphthalen-6-yl) propane-1,3-diamine, MitoBlue, which selectively stains functional mitochondria while displaying low toxicity, bright blue emission, and high resistance to photobleaching. Additionally, we show that a biotin-labeled MitoBlue derivative can be used as a handle for the delivery of streptavidin-tagged species to the mitochondria.
Estimation of land vehicle roll and pitch angles (2007)

Abstract In this article, two kinematics-based observers are proposed to estimate the vehicle roll and pitch angles by using an inertial measurement unit. The observers are mathematically proven to be stable if the vehicle yaw rate is not zero. With a design variation of the observer gains, the estimated roll or pitch angle is shown to further asymptotically converge to the true value, eliminating possible errors caused by the biases of the acceleration signals. Simulation results show that accurate estimation of both pitch and roll angles can be achieved without the help of external sensors such as global positioning systems, either by using the accelerometer-based reference pitch or roll angle as the maneuver varies, or by using an observer with zero steady-state error property. Keywords: Vehicle dynamics controlState estimationState observer
Cyclopropenium Nanoparticles and Gene Transfection in Cells (2020)

Non-viral vectors for the transfection of genetic material are at the frontier of medical science. In this article, we introduce for the first time, cyclopropenium-containing nanoparticles as a cationic carrier for gene transfection, as an alternative to the common quaternary ammonium transfection agents. Cyclopropenium-based cationic nanoparticles were prepared by crosslinking poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) with tetrachlorocyclopropene. These nanoparticles were electrostatically complexed with plasmid DNA into nanoparticles (~50 nm). Their cellular uptake into F929 mouse fibroblast cells, and their eventual expression in vitro have been described. Transfection is enhanced relative to PEI with minimal toxicity. These cyclopropenium nanoparticles possess efficient gene transfection capabilities with minimal cytotoxicity, which makes them novel and promising candidates for gene therapy.
Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation of Accessory Pathways: (1994)

Catheter ablation techniques are now advocated as the first line of therapy for arrhythmias caused by accessory pathways (APs). The most common energy source is radiofrequency current, but technical characteristics vary. Several parameters can be used to determine the optimal target site: AP potential, AV time, atrial or ventricular insertion site, or unipolar morphology. Specific considerations are needed depending on AP location. Despite the different approaches described, there is no significant difference in the reported success rate, which is over 90%. However, the number of radiofrequency applications needed to achieve ablation appears to differ significantly, with median values from 3 to 8 reported. A combination of criteria related to both timing and direction of the activation wavefront or use of subthreshold stimulation could improve the accuracy of mapping. In patients with "resistant" APs, different changes in ablation technique must be considered during the procedure to achieve elimination of AP conduction. The incidence of complications in multicenter reports is close to 4%, with a recurrence rate of 8%. The long-term safety of catheter ablation requires further study.
Targeted Proapoptotic Anticancer Drug Delivery System (2007)

A novel targeted proapoptotic anticancer drug delivery system (DDS) was developed and evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. The system contains poly(ethylene glycol) polymer (PEG) as a carrier, camptothecin (CPT) as an anticancer drug/cell death inducer, a synthetic analogue of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) peptide as a targeting moiety/penetration enhancer, and a synthetic analogue of BCL2 homology 3 domain (BH3) peptide as a suppressor of cellular antiapoptotic defense. The design of the multicomponent DDS allowed for a conjugation of one or two copies of each active ingredient (CPT, LHRH, and BH3) to one molecule of PEG carrier. The complex structure of the PEG conjugates was visualized at nanometer resolution using atomic force microscopy. We found that the ligand-targeted DDS for cancer cells preferentially accumulated in the tumor and allowed the delivery of active ingredients into the cellular cytoplasm and nuclei of cancer cells. Simultaneous apoptosis induction through the caspase-dependent signaling pathway and inhibition of cellular antiapoptotic defense by the suppression of BCL2 protein enhanced cytotoxicity and antitumor activity of the entire DDS to a level which could not be achieved by individual components applied separately. The DDS containing two copies of each active component (CPT, LHRH, and BH3) per molecule of PEG polymer had the highest anticancer efficiency in vitro and in vivo.
TinyPols: a family of water-soluble binitroxides tailored for dynamic nuclear polarization enhanced NMR spectroscopy at 18.8 and 21.1 T (2020)

Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) has recently emerged as a key method to increase the sensitivity of solid-state NMR spectroscopy under Magic Angle Spinning (MAS). While efficient binitroxide polarizing agents such as AMUPol have been developed for MAS DNP NMR at magnetic fields up to 9.4 T, their performance drops rapidly at higher fields due to the unfavorable field dependence of the cross-effect (CE) mechanism and AMUPol-like radicals were so far disregarded in the context of the development of polarizing agents for very high-field DNP. Here, we introduce a new family of water-soluble binitroxides, dubbed TinyPols, which have a three-bond non-conjugated flexible amine linker allowing sizable couplings between the two unpaired electrons. We show that this adjustment of the linker is crucial and leads to unexpectedly high DNP enhancement factors at 18.8 T and 21.1 T: an improvement of about a factor 2 compared to AMUPol is reported for spinning frequencies ranging from 5 to 40 kHz, with <i>ε</i> <sub>H</sub> of up to 90 at 18.8 T and 38 at 21.1 T for the best radical in this series, which are the highest MAS DNP enhancements measured so far in aqueous solutions at these magnetic fields. This work not only breathes a new momentum into the design of binitroxides tailored towards high magnetic fields, but also is expected to push the application frontiers of high-resolution DNP MAS NMR, as demonstrated here on a hybrid mesostructured silica material.
Load Balancing in IP Networks Using Generalized Destination-Based Multipath Routing (2014)

Intradomain traffic engineering (TE) has become an indispensable tool for Internet service providers (ISPs) to optimize network performance and utilize network resources efficiently. Various explicit routing TE methods were recently proposed and have been able to achieve high network performance. However, explicit routing has high complexity and requires large ternary content addressable memories (TCAMs) in the routers. Moreover, it is costly to deploy explicit routing in IP networks. In this paper, we present an approach, called generalized destination-based multipath routing (GDMR), to achieve the same high performance as explicit routing. The main contribution of this paper is that we prove that an arbitrary explicit routing can be converted to a loop-free destination-based routing without any performance penalty for a given traffic matrix. We present a systematic approach including a heuristic algorithm to realize GDMR. Extensive evaluation demonstrates the effectiveness and robustness of GDMR.
Electrochemical Double Layer Capacitance of Metallic and Semiconducting SWCNTs and Single Layer Graphene (2012)

The specific double layer capacitance that has been achieved with single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) is below that which is predicted from calculations based on the theoretical surface area of the CNTs and the intrinsic capacitance of the electrolyte. This paper investigates the specific capacitance of metallic (M-) and semiconducting (SC-) CNTs in order to determine if density of states (DOS)/quantum capacitance is a limiting factor in the capacitances achieved. In addition, a model system composed of a large-area single-layer graphene electrode on a nonconducting substrate has been used in order to put a lower bound on the ultimate double layer capacitance that should be achievable with CNT and graphene electrodes. We find that at the specific capacitances achieved here, the quantum capacitance of SWCNTs is not the limiting factor. In addition, the single-sided single-layer graphene electrode indicates that capacitances in excess of 550 F/g should be achievable.
Checkpoint Kinase Inhibitors:  SAR and Radioprotective Properties of a Series of 2-Arylbenzimidazoles (2004)

The discovery of a series of novel, potent, and highly selective inhibitors of the DNA damage control kinase chk2 is disclosed. Here we report the first SAR study around inhibitors of this kinase. High-throughput screening of purified human chk2 led to the identification of a novel series of 2-arylbenzimidazole inhibitors of the kinase. Optimization was facilitated using homology models of chk2 and docking of inhibitors, leading to the highly potent 2-arylbenzimidazole 2h (IC(50) 15 nM). Compound 2h is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of chk2 that dose dependently protects human CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cells from apoptosis due to ionizing radiation. This work suggests that a selective small molecule inhibitor of chk2 could be a useful adjuvant to radiotherapy, increasing the therapeutic window of such treatment.
Interplay of p‐Sulfonatocalix[4]arene and Crown Ethers En Route to Molecular Capsules and “Russian Dolls” (2006)

Diffusion-ordered (1)H NMR spectroscopy techniques have been used to determine the binding strength of p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene (SO(3)[4]) towards a number of charged crown ether species in aqueous conditions. For several (doubly) charged (di)azacrown ethers, all were bound by SO(3)[4] either well or very well with binding constants between 5.1 x 10(2)-9.9 x 10(5) M(-1). These results correlate with, and thus explain the phenomenon of rapid capture of azacrown ethers in molecular capsules based on p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene and lanthanide metals. Similarly, the formation of "Russian doll" superanions in the solution phase is also elucidated. These superanions have been shown to selectively crystallise particular polynuclear aquated metal ions from mixtures in the aqueous phase. Neutral [18]crown-6 is not bound by p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene and displays a binding constant of 0 M(-1). When sodium [18]crown-6 is examined in a similar fashion, binding by SO(3)[4] is observed in solution with K(a) approximately 3.1 x 10(3) M(-1).