gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genome-Wide Promoter Methylome of Small Renal Masses (2013)

The majority of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is now incidentally detected and presents as small renal masses (SRMs) defined as ≤ 4 cm in size. SRMs are heterogeneous comprising several histological types of RCC each with different biology and behavior, and benign tumors mainly oncocytoma. The varied prognosis of the different types of renal tumor has implications for management options. A key epigenetic alteration involved in the initiation and progression of cancer is aberrant methylation in the promoter region of a gene. The hypermethylation is associated with transcriptional repression and is an important mechanism of inactivation of tumor suppressor genes in neoplastic cells. We have determined the genome-wide promoter methylation profiles of 47 pT1a and 2 pT1b clear cell, papillary or chromophobe RCC, 25 benign renal oncocytoma ≤ 4 cm and 4 normal renal parenchyma specimens by Infinium HumanMethylation27 beadchip technology. We identify gene promoter hypermethylation signatures that distinguish clear cell and papillary from each other, from chromophobe and oncocytoma, and from normal renal cells. Pairwise comparisons revealed genes aberrantly hypermethylated in a tumor type but unmethylated in normal, and often unmethylated in the other renal tumor types. About 0.4% to 1.7% of genes comprised the promoter methylome in SRMs. The Infinium methylation score for representative genes was verified by gold standard technologies. The genes identified as differentially methylated implicate pathways involved in metabolism, tissue response to injury, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), signal transduction and G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), cancer, and stem cell regulation in the biology of RCC. Our findings contribute towards an improved understanding of the development of RCC, the different biology and behavior of histological types, and discovery of molecular subtypes. The differential methylation signatures may have utility in early detection and particularly differential diagnosis for prognostic stratification as well as identify novel gene and pathway targets for therapeutic intervention.
Integrated cooling for Si-based microelectronics (2002)

Thin film thermoelectric coolers are advantageous for their high cooling power density and their potential integrated applications. Si/sub 1-x/Ge/sub x/ is a good thermoelectric material at high temperatures and superlattice structures can further enhance the device performance. Si/sub 1-x/Ge/sub x/ and Si/sub 1-x/Ge/sub x//Si superlattice structures were grown on Si substrates using molecule beam epitaxy. Si/sub 1-x/Ge/sub x/ and Si/sub 1-x/Ge/sub x//Si superlattice thin film microcoolers with film thickness of the order of several microns were fabricated using integrated circuit processing technology. Micro thermocouples and integrated thermistor sensors were used to characterize these coolers. Maximum cooling power density on the order of hundreds of watts per square centimeter was measured at room temperature. It is possible to monolithically integrate these coolers with Si-based microelectronic devices for localized cooling and temperature stabilization.
The Genomic Complexity of Acanthamoeba castellanii Mitochondrial DNA (1974)

DNA of DNase‐treated mitochondria of Acanthamoeba castellanii bands at a buoyant density of 1.690 g/cm 3 . Up to 80% of the molecules were circular, with a circumference of 12.7 μm. Two circular conformations, the closed twisted and the open form, were separated in preparative CsCl–ethidium bromide gradients. When mtDNA was renatured at a temperature T m – 23°C, deviations from second‐order kinetics were observed. At T m – 10°C, however, it renatured as a single kinetic class without indications of sequence repetition. The coincidence of the kinetic complexity (2.57 × 10 7 ) and the circle contour length within the limits of error of the methods suggests that each circular molecule represents a chondriome. The main DNA component, which is of nuclear origin and has a peak density of 1.716 g/cm 3 in CsCl, displays heterophasic renaturation kinetics. Its slow‐reassociating fraction shows a kinetic complexity corresponding to a molecular weight of 2.1 × 10 10 . Approximately 22% of the main component appears to be repetitive at a renaturation temperature of T m – 23°C.
ChemInform Abstract: Organometallic Rhodium(III) Complexes as Catalysts for the Photoreduction of Protons to Hydrogen on Colloidal TiO2. (1987)

Abstract The photoreduction of protons to H 2 by sunlight and colloidal TiO 2 in the presence of the Rh(III) complexes (I) is possible without the participation of colloidal Pt and is not restricted to alkaline solution.
Joint optimal beamforming and power control in cell-free massive MIMO (2022)

We derive a fast and optimal algorithm for solving practical weighted max-min SINR problems in cell-free massive MIMO networks. For the first time, the optimization problem jointly covers long-term power control and distributed beamforming design under imperfect cooperation. In particular, we consider user-centric clusters of access points cooperating on the basis of possibly limited channel state information sharing. Our optimal algorithm merges powerful power control tools based on interference calculus with the recently developed team theoretic framework for distributed beamforming design. In addition, we propose a variation that shows faster convergence in practice.
Original article In vitro evaluation of the effects of 4-aminopyridine on cytochrome P450 enzymes (2013)

Background: Dalfampridine extended release tablets (dalfampridine-ER, known as prolonged-, modified, or sustainedrelease fampridine tablets in some countries) are approved for the improvement of walking in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Dalfampridine-ER is an extended release formulation of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP). Dalfampridine-ER is incorporated into MS management strategies that may include disease-modifying and symptomatic therapies. Since several symptomatic therapies are partially or fully metabolized by enzymes of the hepatic cytochrome P450 system (CYP450) it is important to evaluate drug–drug interactions through potential effects of dalfampridine-ER on CYP450.
The interaction of substituted 2‐phenylquinoline intercalates with poly(A) · poly(U): Classical and threading intercalation modes with RNA (1994)

The interaction of a series of 2-phenylquinoline derivatives with RNA was investigated by means of viscometric, pKa, spectroscopic, binding, Tm, and kinetic methods. Compounds 1, 2, and 3 have a piperazyl substituent at the para, meta, or ortho position, respectively, while 4 has an unsubstituted phenyl ring. The pKa results suggest that 1 has three charges, 2 and 3 have more than two charges, and 4 has two charges at pH 6.2. Spectroscopic and Tm results indicate that 1 binds more strongly to RNA than 2-4. Kinetic and modeling results indicate that 1 is a threading intercalator while 2 and 4 are classical intercalators. All experimental results indicate that 3, which has a large twist between the phenyl and quinoline rings, binds weakly with RNA.
Rigidochromism as a probe of gelation and densification of silicon and mixed aluminum-silicon alkoxides (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRigidochromism as a probe of gelation and densification of silicon and mixed aluminum-silicon alkoxidesJohn McKiernan, Jean Claude Pouxviel, Bruce Dunn, and Jeffrey I. ZinkCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1989, 93, 5, 2129–2133Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1989https://doi.org/10.1021/j100342a081RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views213Altmetric-Citations115LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (700 KB) Get e-Alerts
Dissimilar Friction Stir Spot Welding without Key Hole between AZ31B Magnesium Alloy and 5052 Aluminum Alloy (2013)

To study the impact of the welding process parameters on the spot weld surface molding, mechanical performance and the stir zone microstructure, we use friction stir spot welding without keyhole method which designed and developed by ourselves to carry on the lap welding between 1mm sheet of AZ31B magnesium alloy and 3mm sheet of 5052 aluminum alloy with magnesium on top and aluminum bottom. The result of the orthogonal test shows that the shoulder friction time have a greater impact on the forming of the surface of the welding joint; When the rotating speed of 1000 r/min, shoulder friction time of 4s, pin length of 3.5mm, the tensile shearing force of the welded joint achieves its maximum value of 2.46 KN.Through observating the microstructure of the welding joint’s section stirring zone, we found the typical joint microstructure of Dissimilar metal. Through analyzing the microstructure of the tensile fracture, we found that fracture was cleavage fracture.We also found the fracture mechanism of the welding joint was cleavage fracture in microcosm but brittle fracture macrocosm.
Differentiation In Vivo of Cardiac Committed Human Embryonic Stem Cells in Postmyocardial Infarcted Rats (2007)

Human embryonic stem (HES) cells can give rise to cardiomyocytes in vitro. However, whether undifferentiated HES cells also feature a myocardial regenerative capacity after in vivo engraftment has not been established yet. We compared two HES cell lines (HUES-1 and I6) that were specified toward a cardiac lineage by exposure to bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) and SU5402, a fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitor. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed that the cardiogenic inductive factor turned on expression of mesodermal and cardiac genes (Tbx6, Isl1, FoxH1, Nkx2.5, Mef2c, and alpha-actin). Thirty immunosuppressed rats underwent coronary artery ligation and, 2 weeks later, were randomized and received in-scar injections of either culture medium (controls) or BMP2 (+/-SU5402)-treated HES cells. After 2 months, human cells were detected by anti-human lamin immunostaining, and their cardiomyocytic differentiation was evidenced by their expression of cardiac markers by reverse transcription-PCR and immunofluorescence using an anti-beta myosin antibody. No teratoma was observed in hearts or any other organ of the body. The ability of cardiac-specified HES cells to differentiate along the cardiomyogenic pathway following transplantation into infarcted myocardium raises the hope that these cells might become effective candidates for myocardial regeneration.
Reduced Order Design of Active Suspension Control (1990)

The presence of fast and slow modes in suspension systems is utilized in the design of two reduced-order active suspension control strategies. The first strategy is obtained by combining the solutions of slow and fast control sub-problems. The second strategy is based on a two-level hierarchical control design. The local level requires measurements of local fast variables, namely the unsprung mass velocities. The coordinating level relies on measurements of slow variables, namely, suspension deflections, sprung mass velocity, and mass pitch rate. Neither strategy requires tire deflection measurements. In spite of their simplified structure, simulation results indicate that their performance is comparable to that of the full-state feedback design.
ABCB6 polymorphisms are not overly represented in patients with porphyria (2021)

The Mendelian inheritance pattern of acute intermittent porphyria, hereditary coproporphyria, and variegate porphyria is autosomal dominant, but the clinical phenotype is heterogeneous. Within the general population, penetrance is low, but among first-degree relatives of a symptomatic proband, penetrance is higher. These observations suggest that genetic factors, in addition to mutation of the specific enzyme of the biosynthetic pathway of heme, contribute to the clinical phenotype. Recent studies by others suggested that the genotype of the transporter protein ABCB6 contribute to the porphyria phenotype. Identifying the molecule(s) that are transported by ABCB6 has been problematic and has led to uncertainty with respect to how or if variants/mutants contribute to phenotypic heterogeneity. Knockout mouse models of Abcb6 have not provided a direction for investigation as homozygous knockout animals do not have a discrete phenotype. To address the proposed link between ABC6 genotype and porphyria phenotype, a large cohort of patients with acute hepatic porphyria and erythropoietic protoporphyria was analyzed. Our studies showed that ABCB6 genotype did not correlate with disease severity. Therefore, genotyping of ABCB6 in patients with acute hepatic porphyria and erythropoietic protoporphyria is not warranted.
Evidence for ferromagnetic ordering in the MAX phase (Cr0.96Mn0.04)2GeC (2017)

Magnetic ordering in the MAX phase (Cr0.96Mn0.04)2GeC is investigated by means of neutron powder diffraction (NPD). Upon cooling, the temperature dependence of the magnetization shows a two-step increase. The NPD refinement reveals that the first step, at 300 K, and the second step, at 38 K, originate from a collinear magnetic structure within the MAX phase and a spinel MnCr2O4 impurity phase, respectively. The former magnetic structure is oriented perpendicular to the c axis, with a net magnetic moment of ∼0.6(2) μB per Cr/Mn atom at 50 K. This is the first direct evidence for magnetic ordering within a bulk MAX phase.
Abruptly Focusing and Defocusing Needles of Light (2017)

Fourier optics enforces a tradeoff between length and narrowness in electromagnetic wavepackets. We present a family of electromagnetic wavepackets that overcomes this tradeoff, abruptly focusing to and defocusing from intensity hotspots of any aspect ratio.
Ligand Binding Pocket Formed by Evolutionarily Conserved Residues in the Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Receptor Core Domain (2015)

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) plays a pivotal role in glucose homeostasis through its receptor GLP1R. Due to its multiple beneficial effects, GLP-1 has gained great attention for treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism underlying the interaction of GLP-1 with the heptahelical core domain of GLP1R conferring high affinity ligand binding and ligand-induced receptor activation. Here, using chimeric and point-mutated GLP1R, we determined that the evolutionarily conserved amino acid residue Arg(380) flanked by hydrophobic Leu(379) and Phe(381) in extracellular loop 3 (ECL3) may have an interaction with Asp(9) and Gly(4) of the GLP-1 peptide. The molecular modeling study showed that Ile(196) at transmembrane helix 2, Met(233) at ECL1, and Asn(302) at ECL2 of GLP1R have contacts with His(1) and Thr(7) of GLP-1. This study may shed light on the mechanism underlying high affinity interaction between the ligand and the binding pocket that is formed by these conserved residues in the GLP1R core domain.
Rehabilitation and Return to Sports: Proceedings of the International Consensus Meeting on Cartilage Repair of the Ankle (2018)

The rehabilitation process for an ankle cartilage injury requires a multidisciplinary and comprehensive approach. This international consensus derived from leaders in the field will assist clinicians with rehabilitation and return to sports after treatment of a cartilage injury of the ankle.
Niobium carbide for machining and wear protection – Evolution of properties (2019)

Basics about physical, mechanical and tribological properties of straight NbCs, including paths to tailor these properties, were layed down in Metal Powder Report, Vol. 71(4), 2016 and Vol. 71(5), 2016. The object is now to give an up-date on the progress in the key properties, like HV30, K IC and strength, followed by machining and tribological results of the respective NbC grades. The sales of niobium carbide (NbC) have grown in the last years from ∼350 tons p.a. to 500 tons p.a. recently, but NbC is still a hidden carbide and mainly used as grain growth inhibitor in hard metals. Another driver is the intention of hardmetal producers and downstream manufacturers to substitute tantalum carbide (TaC) by NbC in order to compensate the increased cobalt prices, which likely will persist on midterm.
A synthetic route to pyranoid epoxy-exo-glycals from D-glucose (2010)

A synthetic route to a pyranose derived epoxy-exo-glycal has been developed from D-glucose. An attempted, one-pot bromination-elimination-oxirane formation, protocol that had worked well on furanoses, resulted only in the generation of 2-bromo-C-1-methyl pyranoid glycals.
New search for parity violation in nonresonant neutron scattering on thorium (2000)

The parity-violating longitudinal asymmetry of the neutron scattering cross section has been measured for thorium in the off-resonance energy intervals from 30 to 300 eV. The observed result of $(0.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.6)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ is compared with theoretical predictions.
Experience with the HeartMate II Left Ventricular Assist Device in Patients Older than 60 Years (2019)

Older patients can benefit from LVAD therapy, and advanced age should not preclude LVAD implantation.
SPHERICAL MAPPING OF THE SECOND-ORDER PHOENIX CELL FOR UNBOUNDED DIRECT REFLECTARRAY COPOLAR OPTIMIZATION (2019)

International audience
GaN‐based deep green light emitting diodes on silicon‐on‐insulator substrates (2009)

Abstract We have demonstrated deep green InGaN/GaN light emitting diodes (LEDs) on 100 nm thick (111)‐oriented silicon‐on‐insulator (SOI) substrate. The LED structures are grown by metalorganic chemical vapour deposition. High‐resolution X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy have been used to characterize the structural quality of the LED layers. The room temperature electroluminescence (EL) spectrum from these LEDs is dominated by multiple interference peaks associated with the reflectivity changes at the bottom Si/SiO 2 interfaces beneath AlN buffer. The spectral intensity of the LEDs in the deep green region is higher due to the larger substrate reflectance at longer wavelengths. A greater modulation in the spectral fringes in the longer wavelength regions is due to the presence of Fabry‐Perot modes. Such InGaN/GaN light emitting structures on reflective SOI may be useful for the realization of phosphor‐free white LEDs. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Organic scintillators with pulse shape discrimination for detection of radiation(Conference Presentation) (2016)

The detection of neutrons in the presence of gamma-ray fields has important applications in the fields of nuclear physics, homeland security, and medical imaging. Organic scintillators provide several attractive qualities as neutron detection materials including low cost, fast response times, ease of scaling, and the ability to implement pulse shape discrimination (PSD) to discriminate between neutrons and gamma-rays. This talk will focus on amorphous organic scintillators both in plastic form and small-molecule organic glass form. The first section of this talk will describe recent advances and improvements in the performance of PSD-capable plastic scintillators. The primary advances described in regard to modification of the polymer matrix, evaluation of new scintillating dyes, improved fabrication conditions, and implementation of additives which impart superior performance and mechanical properties to PSD-capable plastics as compared to commercially-available plastics and performance comparable to PSD-capable liquids. The second section of this talk will focus on a class of small-molecule organic scintillators based on modified indoles and oligophenylenes which form amorphous glasses as PSD-capable neutron scintillation materials. Though indoles and oligophenylenes have been known for many decades, their PSD properties have not been investigated and their scintillation properties only scantily investigated. Well-developed synthetic methodologies have permitted the synthesis of a library of structural analogs of these compounds as well as the investigation of their scintillation properties. The emission wavelengths of many indoles are in the sensitive region of common photomultiplier tubes, making them appropriate to be used as scintillators in either pure or doped form. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This work has been supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development (NA-22) and by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA).
Effect of change in pI produced by chelator conjugation to mAb on tumor and organ uptake of In-111 labeled mAb (2010)

1458 Objectives To investigate the effect of the amount of chelator conjugated to the antibody on the isoelectric point (pI), immunoreactivity, and biodistribution of the mAb. Methods MORAb-009, a mAb directed against mesothelin, was conjugated with CHX-A”-DTPA (Macrocyclic, Inc), 2-(p-isothiocyanato-benzyl)-cyclohexyl-diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid, at a molar excess. The level of conjugation was determined by the Yttrium/Arsenazo III method for the CHX-A” concentration and the Bradford assay for the MORAb-009 concentration. The CHX-A”- MORAb-009 conjugates were subjected to isoelectric focusing to determine the pIs. The conjugate with 2.4 CHX-A” molecules/MORAb-009 was then labeled with In-111, and subjected to cell-binding assays for immunoreactivity and to a biodistribution study in groups of nude mice (n = 5-10 mice/group) with mesothelin-expressing A431/K5 tumors. The mice received i.v. In-111-CHX-A”- MORAb-009 (2 μCi /30 μg mAb) when the mean tumor size reached Results The pI decreased in proportion to the level of CHX-A” conjugation; the pI was centered at ~8.1, ~7.9, ~7.2, and ~7.0 for MORAb-009 without CHX-A”, a conjugate with 2.4 CHX-A”/ MORAb-009, 3.5 CHX-A”/ MORAb-009, and 5.5 CHX-A”/ MORAb-009, respectively. The immunoreactivity (n=3) was 64 ± 10% for 2.4 CHX-A”/ MORAb-009. The conjugate with 2.4 CHX-A” showed a high tumor uptake value (27.6 ± 7.1% ID/g), and a low liver (8.4 ± 2.2% ID/g) and spleen uptake value (11.4 ± 4.8% ID/g) at 1 day. Conclusions The conjugation with 2.4 CHX-A” molecules/mAb maintained the pI above 7.4, resulting in a net negative charge for the conjugate at the physiological pH of 7.4 and a good immunoreactivity. This conjugate showed good tumor targeting pharmacokinetics in nude mice with
Clinical, neuroimaging and neurophysiological features in addicts with manganese-ephedrone exposure (2009)

Presynaptic neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway are intact in Mn-induced parkinsonism after prolonged abstinence from ephedrone. The diagnosis is principally based on clinical signs and the history of drug abuse.