gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low Self-Concept as a Cause of Drug Abuse (1974)

A study was done to determine if low self-concept is a common denominator as a causative factor of drug abuse among adolescents. An open-ended and forced choice sentence completion was the instrument used to question 37 adolescent members of a drug rehabilitation program. The results showed that 75.5% of the subjects considered low self-concept to be one cause of their turning to drugs and 91.9% felt that boredom and curiosity was another. 67.5% put the blame on peer pressure while 64.8% said they were pleasure seeking. It was concluded that boredom, curiosity and low self-concept were significant causes of drug abuse in many adolescents. The implications were for preventive programs aimed at keeping adolescents busy and interested in alternative activities and at enhancing self-concept and building self-esteem.
A Revised Classification System and Recommendations From the Baltimore Consensus Meeting for Neoplastic Precursor Lesions in the Pancreas (2015)

International experts met to discuss recent advances and to revise the 2004 recommendations for assessing and reporting precursor lesions to invasive carcinomas of the pancreas, including pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN), intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN), mucinous cystic neoplasm, and other lesions. Consensus recommendations include the following: (1) To improve concordance and to align with practical consequences, a 2-tiered system (low vs. high grade) is proposed for all precursor lesions, with the provision that the current PanIN-2 and neoplasms with intermediate-grade dysplasia now be categorized as low grade. Thus, "high-grade dysplasia" is to be reserved for only the uppermost end of the spectrum ("carcinoma in situ"-type lesions). (2) Current data indicate that PanIN of any grade at a margin of a resected pancreas with invasive carcinoma does not have prognostic implications; the clinical significance of dysplasia at a margin in a resected pancreas with IPMN lacking invasive carcinoma remains to be determined. (3) Intraductal lesions 0.5 to 1 cm can be either large PanINs or small IPMNs. The term "incipient IPMN" should be reserved for lesions in this size with intestinal or oncocytic papillae or GNAS mutations. (4) Measurement of the distance between an IPMN and invasive carcinoma and sampling of intervening tissue are recommended to assess concomitant versus associated status. Conceptually, concomitant invasive carcinoma (in contrast with the "associated" group) ought to be genetically distinct from an IPMN elsewhere in the gland. (5) "Intraductal spread of invasive carcinoma" (aka, "colonization") is recommended to describe lesions of invasive carcinoma invading back into and extending along the ductal system, which may morphologically mimic high-grade PanIN or even IPMN. (6) "Simple mucinous cyst" is recommended to describe cysts >1 cm having gastric-type flat mucinous lining at most minimal atypia without ovarian-type stroma to distinguish them from IPMN. (7) Human lesions resembling the acinar to ductal metaplasia and atypical flat lesions of genetically engineered mouse models exist and may reflect an alternate pathway of carcinogenesis; however, their biological significance requires further study. These revised recommendations are expected to improve our management and understanding of precursor lesions in the pancreas.
Renal Tuberculosis Presenting as Lateralizing Hematuria Diagnosis by Ureteronephroscopy and Selective Upper Tract Urine Culture (1998)

A 48-year-old man presented with painless left lateralizing macroscopic hematuria. Ureteroscopy revealed flocculent material in the left kidney and white linear streaks on some upper pole papillae; urine culture from the left renal pelvis was positive for tuberculosis, whereas voided urine cultures were negative. Renal tuberculosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of lateralizing hematuria, especially in the absence of an obvious cause for the bleeding. Direct culture of urine from the renal pelvis may have more sensitivity than culture of voided urine in this circumstance.
ChemInform Abstract: PENTAPRISMANE (1981)

Abstract Die Synthese der Titelverbindung (X) ausgehend vom Homopentaprismanon (V) über mehrere Stufen erfolgt wie aufgezeichnet.
An Automated Methodology for Assessing Anatomy-Specific Instrument Motion during Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery (2016)

<b>Objectives</b> Describe instrument motion during live endoscopic skull base surgery (ESBS) and evaluate kinematics within anatomic regions. <b>Design</b> Case series. <b>Setting</b> Tertiary academic center. <b>Participants</b> A single skull base surgeon performed six anterior skull base approaches to the pituitary. <b>Main Outcomes and Measures</b> Time-stamped instrument coordinates were recorded using an optical tracking system. Kinematics (i.e., mean cumulative instrument travel, velocity, acceleration, and angular velocity) was calculated by anatomic region including nasal vestibule, anterior and posterior ethmoid, sphenoid, and lateral opticocarotid recess (lOCR) regions. <b>Results</b> We observed mean (standard deviation, SD) velocities of 6.14 cm/s (1.55) in the nasal vestibule versus 1.65 cm/s (0.34) near the lOCR. Mean (SD) acceleration was 7,480 cm/s <sup>2</sup> (5790) in the vestibule versus 928 cm/s <sup>2</sup> (662) near the lOCR. Mean (SD) angular velocity was 17.2 degrees/s (8.31) in the vestibule and 5.37 degrees/s (1.09) near the lOCR. We observed a decreasing trend in the geometric mean velocity, acceleration, and angular velocity when approaching the pituitary ( <i>p</i> < 0.001). <b>Conclusion</b> Using a novel method for analyzing instrument motion during live ESBS, we observed a decreasing trend in kinematics with proximity to the pituitary. Additional characterization of surgical instrument motion is paramount for optimizing patient safety and training.
Enabling Runtime Adaptation ofWorkflows to External Events in Enterprise Environments (2007)

This paper presents the design and implementation of Heterogeneous Event Management Middleware (HEMM) that integrates events across multiple siloed workflow management systems (WFMS) in enterprises. Specifically, we address the issue where a high-level change (e.g. change in business policy or rolling out of a new service) necessitates external events (generated from other enterprise system) to be handled by running workflow (WF) instances in the WFMS. Current solutions either require a change in the workflow process definition or change in the workflow engine - both being cost intensive solutions from an enterprise 's point of view since they compromise on enterprise backend downtime. HEMM circumvents this by introducing an overlay on top of existing WFMS and abstracting out unforeseen event handling from workflows. At the same time, it employs event transformation to map events to appropriate event handlers of running workflow instances, enabling them to adapt to new events that their process definitions do not handle. We demonstrate our prototype implementation with the example of rolling out a bundled service that is prevalent in telecom industry.
Effects of CoQ10 Replacement Therapy on the Audiological Characteristics of Pediatric Patients with COQ6 Variants (2022)

Primary coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) deficiency refers to a group of mitochondrial cytopathies caused by genetic defects in CoQ10 biosynthesis. Primary coenzyme Q10 deficiency-6 (COQ10D6) is an autosomal recessive disorder attributable to biallelic <i>COQ6</i> variants; the cardinal phenotypes are steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), which inevitably progresses to kidney failure, and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Here, we describe the phenotypes and genotypes of 12 children with COQ10D6 from 11 unrelated Korean families and quantitatively explore the beneficial effects of CoQ10 replacement therapy on SNHL. A diagnosis of SRNS generally precedes SNHL documentation. COQ10D6 is associated with progressive SNHL. Four causative <i>COQ6</i> variants were identified in either homozygotes or compound heterozygotes: c.189_191delGAA, c.484C>T, c.686A>C, and c.782C>T. The response rate (no further hearing loss or improvement) was 42.9%; CoQ10 replacement therapy may thus limit and even improve hearing loss. Notably, the audiological benefit appeared to be genotype-specific, suggesting a genotype-phenotype correlation. The results of cochlear implantation were generally favorable, and the effects were sustained over time. Our results thus propose the beneficial effects of CoQ10 replacement therapy on hearing loss. Our work with COQ10D6 patients is a good example of personalized, genetically tailored, audiological rehabilitation of patients with syndromic deafness.
Abstract 16616: Echocardiography Reveals Biventricular Abnormalities in Presymptomatic Phospholamban p.Arg14del Mutation Carriers (2014)

Introduction: Echocardiographic myocardial deformation imaging is an emerging tool for assessing cardiac function and identifying preclinical cardiomyopathies. A large subset of our patients diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) or arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) carry the pathogenic phospholamban (PLN) c.40_42delAGA (p.Arg14del) founder mutation. The natural course of these mutation carriers is characterized by a presymptomatic phase of variable length, after which many carriers progress to overt disease, manifesting as DCM and/or ARVC. Objective: To identify subclinical structural and functional cardiac abnormalities in presymptomatic carriers of an identical PLN p.Arg14del mutation using echocardiography including state-of-the-art tissue deformation imaging techniques. Methods: Twenty-eight presymptomatic PLN p.Arg14del mutation carriers (46% males; mean [±SD] age 33±11 years), identified by genetic cascade screening, and 28 healthy matched control subjects were included in this cross-sectional study. Both groups underwent comprehensive transthoracic echocardiography including LV and RV myocardial two-dimensional strain measurements. Global LV early diastolic tissue velocity (Global e’) and global longitudinal systolic strain (GLSS) were assessed from 12 LV segments and from 3 RV segments. Results: In the mutation carrier group, LV ejection fraction was preserved (59.0±5.2 vs. 58.8±5.3 (%), P=0.788). However, LV mass index was reduced (58.4±13.9 vs. 71.5±15.6 (g/m^2), P=0.002) and we also observed loss of diastolic function (LV early diastolic inflow 0.79±0.15 vs. 0.95±0.18 (m/sec), P=0.001; LV late diastolic inflow 0.52±0.13 vs. 0.60±0.13 (m/sec), P=0.031; Global e’ 6.7±1.3 vs. 7.4±1.2 (cm/s), P=0.081). In addition, RV GLSS was lower in mutation carriers compared with controls (25.4±4.6 vs. 31.4±4.9 (cm/s), P&lt;0.001). Conclusions: Presymptomatic PLN p.Arg14del mutation carriers already showed slight but significant structural remodeling (reduced LV mass) as well as loss of LV diastolic function and RV systolic function. These findings support the concept of biventricular cardiomyopathy.
Glycoprotein Analysis (1998)

In eukaryottc cells, one of the most important posttranslattonal modrficattons of proteins is the co valent addmon of carbohydrate We can consider two major types of modtf-icatron to ammo-acid residues. N-glycosylation of asparagine amme groups and O-glycosylatron of serme or threonme hydroxyl groups (). N-linked oltgosaccharrdes can be divided mto three maJor classes, the complex type contaming N-acetyl- glucosamme, mannose, galactose, fucose, and stahc acid; the oligomannose type contaming N-acetylglucosamme and mannose only; and the hybrid type that has features common to both complex and olrgomannose chains (Fig. 1) All of these structures are synthesized by a common pathway that begins in the endoplasmtc rettculum (ER) with the assembly of a lipid-lmked donor molecule The preformed oltgosacchartde is transferred to protein cotranslationally in the lumen of the endoplasmlc retrculum and by a serves of glycosrdase (a-glucosrdase and a-mannosrdase)-trmnning reactions is modr- fied as the protein progresses through the ER and Golgi apparatus (), The diversity of N+lmked ohgosacchartde structure is dictated by the accesstbtllty of these partially processed chains to Golgi resident glycosyltransferases, a group of enzymes able to add monosacchartdes to oltgosacchartdes directly from nucleottde sugar donors. Glycosyltransferases are specrfic for nucleotide sugar donor, anomertctty, glycosrdtc linkage between sugars, and acceptor substrates. Consequently, there are a number of different transferases and each cell, tissue, and species has a unique complement of enzymes that control oltgosaccharrde biosynthesis (). O-linked ohgosacchartdes con- tain similar residues to N-glycans, but their synthesis has no requirement for en bloc addttton of carbohydrate to the polypepttde chain O-glycosylatron proceeds by glycosyltransferase-catalyzed, stepwtse addition of monosacchartdes to generate, as in thecase of mucm glycoprotems, a diverse number of branched oltgosaccharrdes (,) (see Fig. 2).
Plasma proteomic analysis reveals altered protein abundances in HIV‐infected patients with or without non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (2022)

The identification of circulating proteins associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma (AIDS-NHL) may help in the development of promising biomarkers for screening, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Here, we used quantitative liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in plasma collected from patients with AIDS-NHL and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients without NHL (HIV<sup>+</sup> ). Proteins with a log2 (fold change) in abundance >0.26 and p < 0.05 were considered differentially abundant. In total, 84 DEPs were identified, among which 20 were further validated as potential biomarkers, with immunoglobulin and complement components being the most common proteins. Some of the proteins were further verified in a retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients in a larger cohort. These markedly altered proteins were found to mediate pathophysiological pathways that likely contribute to AIDS-NHL pathogenesis, such as the humoral immune response, complement activation, and complement and coagulation cascades. Our findings provide a new molecular understanding of AIDS-NHL pathogenesis and provide new evidence supporting the identification of these proteins as possible biomarkers in AIDS-NHL.
Low loss shallow-ridge silicon waveguides (2010)

We demonstrate low loss shallow-ridge silicon waveguides with an average propagation loss of 0.274 + or - 0.008 dB/cm in the C-band (1530 nm - 1565 nm). These waveguides have a cross section of 0.25 microm by 2 microm and are fabricated by standard photolithography and dry etching. We also investigate a compact double-level taper which adiabatically couples light from these waveguides to silicon strip waveguides enabling tight bends.
<p>A Patient-Reported Outcomes Analysis Of Lanreotide In The Treatment Of NETs Patients With Carcinoid Syndrome: Evidence From The ELECT Trial</p> (2019)

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00774930.
Abstract IA11: Systematic approaches to understanding cellular metabolism (2016)

Abstract mTOR is the target of the immunosuppressive drug rapamycin and the central component of a nutrient- and hormone-sensitive signaling pathway that regulates cell growth and proliferation. We now appreciate that this pathway becomes deregulated in many human cancers and has an important role in the control of metabolism and aging. We have identified two distinct mTOR-containing proteins complexes, one of which regulates growth through S6K and another that regulates cell survival through Akt. These complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, define both rapamycin-sensitive and insensitive branches of the mTOR pathway. I will discuss new results from our lab on the regulation and functions of the mTORC1 and mTORC2 pathways. Citation Format: David M. Sabatini. Systematic approaches to understanding cellular metabolism. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Metabolism and Cancer; Jun 7-10, 2015; Bellevue, WA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2016;14(1_Suppl):Abstract nr IA11.
Stackable Miniature Fuel Cells with On-Demand Fuel and Oxygen Supply (2013)

This dissertation summarizes our progress towards miniature fuel cells that could replace and outperform small batteries to meet various power demands. With increasing need of power being critical for portable electronics, the demand for better batteries continues to grow. Lithium-ion batteries dominate the market at the moment, but the current capacities on the order of 200 Wh/kg are approaching their inherent limits. Many researchers have being pursuing alternative power sources, forming a rapidly growing field in engineering and science. For applications too small for batteries (below 1 cm and even 1 mm), currently no proper power source is available, despite over a decade of significant efforts by many in power micro electromechanical systems (power MEMS).Encouraged by the advantages of their macro counterparts, micro fuel cells have received attention as a potentially powerful, efficient, and clean power source for miniature applications, resulting in extensive research in micro fuel cells and even commercial introduction of some small fuel cells. However, they are not yet powerful enough to consider someday replacing batteries for a wide range of portable applications. While the promise of fuel cells is in their high theoretical energy density, unfortunately the promise is lost in current portable fuel cells because of their complex system that includes ancillary components such as mechanical pump, reformer, pressurized oxygen source, and gas separator.This dissertation summarizes our attempt to realize a full (i.e., complete, standalone) fuel cell with small footprint, extending the spirit of self-pumped fuel that eliminated ancillary components in the active fuel circulation system to self-controlled oxygen generation for a packaged oxidant supply. We first eliminate fuel pump, gas separator, membrane electrode assembly (MEA) and even pressurized oxygen tank to make anodic chamber simple and self-regulating. As the next step towards realizing a full fuel cell stackable as batteries, we develop a self-regulating oxygen generation system that supplies oxygen within the fuel cell, i.e., not relying on the ambient air. For our final goal, we integrate the self-pumped fuel supply and the self-regulated oxygen supply into one device to prove the concept of a full fuel cell suitable for a stacked configuration.
The Effects of Bedrest on Circadian Changes in Hemostasis (1994)

Venous stasis occurs when people are at bedrest, because of altered venous flow characteristics. This is commonly believed to be one etiology behind the development of deep venous thrombosis (DVT). The hemostatic effects of bedrest and their possible role in DVT development have not been fully examined. We hypothesized that bedrest would lead to increases in hemostatic function and that these increases could be important in the development of DVT. Twelve non-smoking volunteers were studied during supine positioning for 36 hours. Platelet reactivity and plasma concentrations of fibrinogen, alpha 2-antiplasmin, plasminogen, thromboxane beta 2, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, tissue plasminogen activator and neuroendocrine hormones (cortisol, epinephrine and norepinephrine) were measured at 8:00 a.m., 10:00 a.m., 4:00 p.m. and 8:00 a.m. Cortisol demonstrated an early morning increase while catecholamines were unchanged throughout. Fibrinogen, alpha 2-antiplasmin, plasminogen and platelet reactivity were no different at any time point. Fibrinolytic proteins changed over time, manifested by decreased PAI-1 antigen and activity levels at 24 h. Based upon the parameters measured, bedrest causes no increase in hemostatic function. In fact, bedrest causes the potential for enhanced fibrinolysis, that differs from that previously reported for normal activity over 24 h. This may represent a protective mechanism to counter the effects of stasis from bedrest.
Coral larvae for restoration and research: a large-scale method for rearing Acropora millepora larvae, inducing settlement, and establishing symbiosis (2017)

Here we describe an efficient and effective technique for rearing sexually-derived coral propagules from spawning through larval settlement and symbiont uptake with minimal impact on natural coral populations. We sought to maximize larval survival while minimizing expense and daily husbandry maintenance by experimentally determining optimized conditions and protocols for gamete fertilization, larval cultivation, induction of larval settlement by crustose coralline algae, and inoculation of newly settled juveniles with their dinoflagellate symbiont <i>Symbiodinium</i>. Larval rearing densities at or below 0.2 larvae mL<sup>-1</sup> were found to maximize larval survival and settlement success in culture tanks while minimizing maintenance effort. Induction of larval settlement via the addition of a ground mixture of diverse crustose coralline algae (CCA) is recommended, given the challenging nature of <i>in situ</i> CCA identification and our finding that non settlement-inducing CCA assemblages do not inhibit larval settlement if suitable assemblages are present. Although order of magnitude differences in infectivity were found between common Great Barrier Reef <i>Symbiodinium</i> clades C and D, no significant differences in <i>Symbiodinium</i> uptake were observed between laboratory-cultured and wild-harvested symbionts in each case. The technique presented here for <i>Acropora millepora</i> can be adapted for research and restoration efforts in a wide range of broadcast spawning coral species.
Three frequency linear combinations for Galileo (2007)

The consideration of linear combinations of phase measurements is an effective method for the resolution of carrier phase ambiguities. Examples of classical combinations are the super-widelane and widelane combinations. The main aspects are to increase the wavelength and to reduce the influence of the ionosphere, while keeping the noise amplification moderate. In the present paper, a new type of combinations is introduced. These combinations leave the geometry invariant. A particular class of such combinations is discrete and finite. An exhaustive search leads to interesting new widelane combinations. Some have very long wavelengths, e.g. 29.31 m. Others have excellent ionospheric suppression, e.g. 28.78 dB at a wavelength of 3.256 m. The best ionospheric suppression of 38.30 dB is obtained for a narrowlane combination with a wavelength of 2.69 cm.
Metal‐Templated Asymmetric Catalysis: (Z)‐1‐Bromo‐1‐Nitrostyrenes as Versatile Substrates for Friedel–Crafts Alkylation of Indoles (2016)

Abstract An asymmetric Friedel–Crafts alkylation of indoles with ( Z )‐1‐bromo‐1‐nitrostyrenes, which is efficiently catalyzed by a number of hydrogen bond interactions with the ligand sphere of bis‐cyclometalated iridium complexes, has been reported. The proposed transition state exploits a hydrogen bond network, which is illustrated by the co‐crystal structure of a model catalyst with an analog of the nitro substrate. The bromo functional group not only plays an important role for achieving a high asymmetric induction but also affords chiral indole‐containing products, which can be readily converted to a range of useful intermediates for the creation of chiral indole building blocks.