gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase III of Escherichia coli. Purification and properties (1975)

DNA polymerase III has been purified 4,500-fold from the Escherichis coli mutant, HMS83, which lacks DNA polymerases I and II. When subjected to disc gel electrophoresis, the most purified fraction exhibits a single major protein band from which enzymatic activity may be recovered. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under denaturing conditions produces two protein bands with molecular weights of 140,000 and 40,000. The sedimentation coefficient of the enzyme is 7.0 S, and the Stokes radius is 62 A. Taken together these tow parameters indicate a native molecular weight of 180,000. Purified DNA polymerase III catalyzes the polymerization of nucleotides into DNA when provided with both a DNA template and a complementary primer strand. The newly synthesized DNA is covalently attached to the 3' terminus of the primer strand. Because the extent of polymerization is only 10 to 100 nucleotides, the best substrates are native DNA molecules with small single-stranded regions. The most purified enzyme preparation is devoid of endonuclease activities. In addition to the two exonuclease activities described in the accompanying paper, purified polymerase III also catalyzes pyrophosphorolysis and the exchange of pyrophosphate into deoxynucleoside triphosphates. DNA polymerase III has also been isolated from wild type E. coli containing the other two known DNA polymerases. Futhermore, the enzyme purified from three different polC mutants exhibits altered polymerase III activity, confirming that polC is the structural gene for DNA polymerase III (Gefter, M., Hirota, Y., Kornberb, T., Wechsler, J., and Barnoux, C. (1971) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 68, 3150-3153).
The Photochemical Reactions of Alkyl Phenylglyoxalates in Alcohols1 (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Photochemical Reactions of Alkyl Phenylglyoxalates in Alcohols1Earl S. Huyser and Douglas C. NeckersCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1964, 29, 2, 276–278Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01025a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01025a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views210Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A context‐dependent relevance model (2015)

Numerous past studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of the relevance model ( RM ) for information retrieval ( IR ). This approach enables relevance or pseudo‐relevance feedback to be incorporated within the language modeling framework of IR . In the traditional RM , the feedback information is used to improve the estimate of the query language model. In this article, we introduce an extension of RM in the setting of relevance feedback. Our method provides an additional way to incorporate feedback via the improvement of the document language models. Specifically, we make use of the context information of known relevant and nonrelevant documents to obtain weighted counts of query terms for estimating the document language models. The context information is based on the words (unigrams or bigrams) appearing within a text window centered on query terms. Experiments on several Text REtrieval Conference ( TREC) collections show that our context‐dependent relevance model can improve retrieval performance over the baseline RM . Together with previous studies within the BM 25 framework, our current study demonstrates that the effectiveness of our method for using context information in IR is quite general and not limited to any specific retrieval model.
Nanostructured Silica Thin Films Self-Assembled with Electron Donors and Acceptors to Measure Electron Tunneling (2007)

Surfactant-templated, mesostructured thin films are synthesized such that photoelectron donors and electron acceptors are separated spatially in the different regions of the thin film. A photoelectron donor is placed within the silica framework by using a silylated derivative of the well-known tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) cation. Selective placement of the electron acceptor is achieved by using a surfactant derivative of methyl viologen. Luminescence decay traces and luminescence spectra are collected for the electron donor in the presence of varying amounts of the electron acceptor. Because of the spatial separation of the donor and acceptor noncontact electron transfer occurs and the electron-transfer rate decreases exponentially with the distance separating the donor and acceptor. Luminescence decay traces are calculated and fit to the experimental data in order to extract a value for the contact quenching rate, k0 (s(-1)), as well as the exponential decay constant beta (A(-1)) which governs how fast the electron-transfer rate decreases as a function of the donor-acceptor distance. The value beta = 2.5 +/- 0.4 A(-1) shows that the mesostructured material is an excellent insulator, better than frozen organic glasses or proteins and approaching that of vacuum. Combining deliberate placement methods, spectroscopy, and calculations has made possible the first measurement of beta for the silica region of mesoporous thin films.
Factors affecting poultry meat colour and consumer preferences - A review (2016)

Much of the dark meat from U.S. broilers continues to be exported to other countries because of local consumers' long-standing and strong preference for white breast meat. In this review we will discuss what causes meat colour differences and how environmental and genetic factors influence the colour of poultry meat. It is well documented that the darker colour of leg/thigh meat is due to the larger amount of myoglobin and haem pigments, as well as a higher pH when compared to breast meat. Slaughtering older birds increases myoglobin content in the meat and selection of breeds for greater breast meat yield may be involved. Using a wheat-based diet tends to lighten the colour of breast meat but has less effect on the thigh meat. Several antimicrobials used in further processing can lead to either bleaching or a reddening of the meat. Changes to colour using chemical or physiological methods are theoretically possible, however may not be great enough to improve consumer acceptability. From a marketing perspective, increased media promotion of dark meat as being equal to white meat in healthiness and superior in flavour may have the greatest effect on increasing sales.
THE BLAST SURVEY OF THE VELA MOLECULAR CLOUD: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF THE DENSE CORES IN VELA-D (2009)

The Balloon-borne Large-Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (BLAST) carried out a 250, 350, and 500 μm survey of the galactic plane encompassing the Vela Molecular Ridge, with the primary goal of identifying the coldest dense cores possibly associated with the earliest stages of star formation. Here, we present the results from observations of the Vela-D region, covering about 4 deg^2, in which we find 141 BLAST cores. We exploit existing data taken with the Spitzer MIPS, IRAC, and SEST-SIMBA instruments to constrain their (single-temperature) spectral energy distributions, assuming a dust emissivity index β = 2.0. This combination of data allows us to determine the temperature, luminosity, and mass of each BLAST core, and also enables us to separate starless from protostellar sources. We also analyze the effects that the uncertainties on the derived physical parameters of the individual sources have on the overall physical properties of starless and protostellar cores, and we find that there appear to be a smooth transition from the pre- to the protostellar phase. In particular, for protostellar cores we find a correlation between the MIPS24 flux, associated with the central protostar, and the temperature of the dust envelope. We also find that the core mass function of the Vela-D cores has a slope consistent with other similar (sub)millimeter surveys.
Carbon Tolerant Nickel Based Pyrochlores for Low S/C Methane Steam Reforming: Effect of La (2021)

Presented at American Institute of Chemical Engineers Annual Meeting in Orlando, Florida November 10-15, 2019
SU‐E‐T‐506: Dosimetric Study for Shallow‐Seated Tumor Using Passive/active Scanning Proton Beam (2012)

Each plan provides good coverage of target. And in this study, it showed that, with a properly designed pre-absorber, it is possible to use a single spot scanning beam to treat superficial lesion. The plan provides good target coverage and maintains normal tissue sparing in the mean time.
Transcriptional profiling of reporter genes used for molecular imaging of embryonic stem cell transplantation (2006)

Stem cell therapy offers exciting promise for treatment of ischemic heart disease. Recent advances in molecular imaging techniques now allow investigators to monitor cell fate noninvasively and repetitively. Here we examine the effects of a triple-fusion reporter gene on embryonic stem (ES) cell transcriptional profiles. Murine ES cells were stably transfected with a self-inactivating lentiviral vector carrying a triple-fusion (TF) construct consisting of fluorescence, bioluminescence, and positron emission tomography (PET) reporter genes. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis allowed isolation of stably transfected populations. Microarray studies comparing gene expression in nontransduced control ES cells vs. stably transduced ES cells expressing triple fusion (ES-TF) revealed some increases in transcriptional variability. Annotation analysis showed that ES-TF cells downregulated cell cycling, cell death, and protein and nucleic acid metabolism genes while upregulating homeostatic and anti-apoptosis genes. Despite these transcriptional changes, expression of the TF reporter gene had no significant effects on ES cell viability, proliferation, and differentiation capability. Importantly, transplantation studies in murine myocardium demonstrated the feasibility of tracking ES-TF cells in living subjects using bioluminescence and PET imaging. Taken together, this is the first study to analyze in detail the effects of reporter genes on molecular imaging of ES cells.
Initial experience with 11C-acetate PET/CT in management of recurrent prostate cancer under an Expanded Access IND. (2016)

1558 Objectives The primary objective is to retrospectively relate our initial experience in the use of 11C-acetate under an FDA authorized Expanded Access IND in the management of prostate cancer patients presenting with suspected recurrence. Methods Seventy-seven patients previously diagnosed with primary prostate cancer and identified as having biochemical relapse after primary treatment were referred for whole-body 11C-acetate PET/CT imaging from June 2013 until present. Scans were obtained on a 128-slice time-of-flight Siemens mCT scanner after injection of an average dose of 35 (±5.5) mCi. CT contrast enhancement (CE) was achieved in all exams with Isovue 370 i.v. A subset of patients (26) also had a forty-minute delayed PET acquisition. A positive scan, indicative of recurrence, was defined as focal increased uptake corresponding to either: i) a lymph node that was in the appropriate drainage bed and, if comparisons were available, not stable in size, or ii) soft tissue in the prostate bed, that, if comparisons were available, was new/growing or enhancing on CECT. The PET findings were correlated with the results of biopsy or directly with bone scintigraphy, or conventional radiography, when available, as well as the concurrent CECT. Patient information including: demographics, prior therapy, PSA values, post scan therapy, and therapeutic outcomes were also collected on patients where available. Results In this communication we report the results of implementing a more rigid interpretation criteria that includes consideration of prior and current CECT findings; the relationship of a positive scan to lesion derived SUVbw as well as PSA and lesion size. Of the 77 patients referred for 11C-acetate PET/CT, 53 were identified as having a positive scan. 48/53 positive scans had lesions concerning for malignancy located within the pelvis. The average SUVbw for lesions considered to be malignant was 15.4 (±8.6) compared to 6.1 (±1.1) for benign lesions, and was statistically significant (p=0.04). The percentage of negative scans (58%) exceeded that of positive scans (28%) for PSA values ≤ 1.5. Only 9% of the lesions on positive scans suspected of being malignant were Conclusions In our experience 11C-acetate is effective in identifying the location of disease recurrence especially in patients with PSA > 1.5 and lesions larger than 5mm. The implementation of more rigid interpretation criteria that considers prior CECT findings as well as the concurrent CECT component of the PET/CT exam provided additional information to assist in confidently classifying focal tracer uptake as benign or malignant. 11C-acetate clearance as assessed by delayed imaging did not demonstrate improved differentiation of malignant versus benign lesions.
Tunable Inductors Using Integrated Vanadium Dioxide Phase Change Thin Films (2018)

This paper presents tunable inductors designed with vanadium dioxide (VO 2 ) thin film to implement tunability. Two types of configurations, a single line coil inductor and a dual line coil inductor, are proposed. Tunable inductance is realized by thermally controlling VO 2 thin film stub to be an insulator or a conductor. The measurements of inductors are taken in the frequencies range from 0.01 GHz to 10 GHz. The electrical model has been developed to derive the corresponding inductance. The results show that the tuning range is about 69% when the temperature changes from room temperature to above the critical temperature of 68°C.
Rapid assessment of β‐asarone content of Acorus calamus by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (2005)

This report outlines a rapid, reproducible method for the determination of beta-asarone, a known carcinogen, using micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC)-UV-vis absorbance and a simple alcohol extraction. The MEKC method is based on a running buffer comprised of 100 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), pH 10. The method is reproducible and provides baseline separation of alpha-asarone and beta-asarone. This protocol was used to determine the beta-asarone content of Acorus calamus rhizome of a diploid variety harvested from the wetlands of the United States and the triploid variety from India obtained commercially. The results indicate raw product that originated from India contained 4.4% w/w beta-asarone, while that from the United States contained 0.2% w/w beta-asarone. Neither sample contained detectable concentrations of alpha-asarone. This is the first report of the use of MEKC to determine asarone in a natural source.
Generalized digital redesign method for linear feedback system based on N-delay control (1999)

A new digital redesign method is proposed for feedback control systems, by which the states in the continuous-time system are completely reserved in the redesigned sampled-data system. The features of the proposed method are: 1) the N-delay control is employed, and the lth plant input is changed N/sub l/ times during one sampling period; 2) the states of the redesigned sampled-data system completely match those of the original continuous-time closed-loop system at every sampling period; and 3) the proposed redesign method can be applicable for a static state-feedback and/or a dynamic controller. An illustrative example of position control using a DC servo motor is presented. The advantages of the proposed redesign approach are demonstrated both in the time and frequency domains.
On the Joint Optimization of Modulation and Channel Coding for High Data-Rate Optical Communication Systems (2011)

We present a method to jointly optimize modulation and channel coding for high data-rate, non-differentially encoded optical systems, taking phase noise into account. Applied to 100G systems, it shows that “constellation expansion” might be beneficial.
Perceptually Inspired Weighted MSE Optimization Using Irregularity-Aware Graph Fourier Transform (2020)

In image and video coding applications, distortion has been traditionally measured using mean square error (MSE), which suggests the use of orthogonal transforms, such as the discrete cosine transform (DCT). Perceptual metrics such as Structural Similarity (SSIM) are typically used after encoding, but not tied to the encoding process. In this paper, we consider an alternative framework where the goal is to optimize a weighted MSE metric, where different weights can be assigned to each pixel so as to reflect their relative importance in terms of perceptual image quality. For this purpose, we propose a novel transform coding scheme based on irregularity-aware graph Fourier transform (IAGFT), where the induced IAGFT is orthogonal, but the orthogonality is defined with respect to an inner product corresponding to the weighted MSE. We propose to use weights derived from local variances of the input image, such that the weighted MSE aligns with SSIM. In this way, the associated IAGFT can achieve a coding efficiency improvement in SSIM with respect to conventional transform coding based on DCT. Our experimental results show a compression gain in terms of multi-scale SSIM on test images.
Electrocaloric enhancement near the morphotropic phase boundary in lead-free NBT-KBT ceramics (2015)

The electrocaloric effects (ECEs) of the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) composition 0.82(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3-0.18(K0.5Bi0.5)TiO3 (NBT-18KBT) are studied by direct measurements. The maximum ECE ΔTmax = 0.73 K is measured at 160 °C under 22 kV/cm. This corresponds to an ECE responsivity (ΔT/ΔE) of 0.33 × 10−6 K m/V, which is comparable with the best reported values for lead-free ceramics. A comparison between the direct and indirect ECE measurements shows significant discrepancies. The direct measurement of both positive and negative electrocaloric effect confirms the presence of numerous polar phases near the MPB of NBT-based materials and highlights their potential for solid-state cooling based on high field-induced entropy changes.
Directive antenna radiators and grating couplers based on grounded dielectric slab guide with finite periodic scatterers (2002)

The problem of scattering of open grounded dielectric slab's natural modes from a finite number of cylindrical screens is considered. The correct solution allowing one to calculate the conversion coefficients of eigen modes and radiated field pattern with any desired accuracy is derived. It is proposed that the considered structures be applied to the design of compact highly directive radiators in open guides.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Abstract 2676: Inhibition of bmp signaling suppresses metastasis in mammary cancer (2014)

Abstract Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) are secreted cytokines/growth factors that play differing roles in cancer. BMPs are overexpressed in human breast cancers, but loss of BMP signaling in mammary carcinomas can accelerate metastasis. We show that human breast cancers display active BMP signaling, which is rarely downregulated or homozygously deleted. We hypothesized that systemic inhibition of BMP signaling in both the tumor and the surrounding microenvironment could prevent tumor progression and metastasis. To test this hypothesis, we used DMH1, a BMP antagonist in MMTV.PyVmT expressing mice. Treatment with DMH1 reduced lung metastasis and the tumors were less proliferative and more apoptotic. In the surrounding tumor microenvironment, treatment with DMH1 altered fibroblasts, lymphatic vessels and macrophages to be less tumor promoting. These results indicate that inhibition of BMP signaling may successfully target both the tumor and the surrounding microenvironment to reduce tumor burden and metastasis. Citation Format: Philip Owens, Michael W. Pickup, Sergey V. Novitskiy, Jennifer M. Giltnane, Agnes E. Gorska, Corey R. Hopkins, Charles C. Hong, Harold L. Moses. Inhibition of bmp signaling suppresses metastasis in mammary cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2676. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2676
Acitve Wavelength Stabilization of silicon microphotonic resonant modulators. (2012)

Abstract not provided.
<title>Improvement of spatial resolution in reflectance near-infrared imaging by laser-beam interference</title> (1992)

The authors studied the use of destructive interference of two diffusive photon-density waves for localization of an absorbing body and a fluorescent probe embedded in a scattering medium. The effect of the position of the embedded objects on the magnitude and phase of the light re-emitted from the medium was evaluated theoretically and experimentally. The objectives, accomplished with an asymmetrical laser-beam arrangement, were to reduce sensitivity to absorbing bodies located in superficial layers, while maintaining sensitivity to those lying deeper; and to establish a confined region of maximum sensitivity in which the distance of an absorbing body could be determined via phase measurement. Intensity and phase data were acquired with a modified frequency-domain spectrometer at modulation frequencies up to 600 MHz. Fluorescent probes were spatially localized with a symmetrical laser-beam arrangement. Magnitude and phase images acquired with a gated intensified CCD camera further defined the probe location. Simulations and experiments show potential applications to imaging.
Multi-Channel Readout ASIC for ToF-PET (2006)

An architecture for the simultaneous measurement of arrival time and amplitude of PET scintillation signals in a multichannel chip has been developed. The design of a first prototype chip is described in this paper. An intrinsic time resolution of 105 ps (FWHM) channel-to-channel has been observed with test pulses. In a PET setup with two LYSO crystals equipped with photomultipliers, the coincidence time resolution is 330 ps (FWHM). An energy resolution of 13% could be obtained for 511 keV signals from a Na-22 source using the on-chip charge integrator.