gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
User effect on the MIMO performance of a dual antenna LTE handset (2014)

This study focuses on the user influence on a MIMO antenna system in a smart phone form factor. The antenna system is designed to have a low coupling and correlation between its two antennas. The study is based on time-domain simulations of the antenna system in free space and with a head and hand phantom using a commercially available Finite Element Method solver. The MIMO parameters are evaluated with three different channel models. A static grip only gives one case of the user effect so the hand phantom is modified with a moving finger that is swept across the backplane of the phone. Based on the results of the study it is concluded that the placement of the index finger has a significant effect on the simulated antenna system. For certain finger placements the mismatch loss and absorption loss both change more than 5 dB. Overall the antenna system shows good MIMO performance in free space but suffers under the influence of the user. Especially the diversity antenna is heavily detuned and gives a total efficiency of −19.1 dB worst case compared to −1.9 dB in free space. The branch power ratio is increased by the user while the envelope correlation is decreased by the user.
PARAWACS: color halftoning with a single selector matrix (2016)

Halftoning is one of the key stages of any printing image processing pipeline. With colorant-channel approaches, a key challenge for matrix-based halftoning is the co-optimization of the matrices used for the individual colorants, which becomes increasingly complex and over-constrained as the number of the colorants increases. Both choices of screen angles (in clustered-dot cases) or structures and control over how the individual matrices relate to each other and result in over- versus side-by-side printing of the colorants impose restrictions that are challenging to reconcile. The solution presented in this paper relies on the benefits of a HANS pipeline, where local Neugebauer Primary use is specified at each pixel and where halftoning can be performed using a single matrix, regardless of the number of colorants used. The provably complete plane-dependence of the resulting halftones and an application to security printing will be presented among the solution's benefits.
A GRAPHICAL TOOL FOR CLOUD-BASED BUILDING ENERGY SIMULATION (2014)

Building energy modeling is a field that can be computationally intensive, especially for large parametric studies that require simulating many alternate models. In the past, these types of studies have been limited to research institutions and advanced users who had the required computational resources available. In recent years, cloud computing services have come to offer a reliable platform in which relatively inexpensive computing power can be purchased and used as needed without a substantial capital investment. These services are gaining ground quickly because they are, for many companies, more cost effective than building and maintaining computing power in-house. OpenStudio has developed a workflow that allows energy modelers to create and run a customized parametric analysis using commercially available cloud computing services. This workflow will enable anyone to perform powerful parametric studies in a reasonable time for a relatively low cost. This paper demonstrates the workflow in an automated calibration application.
Proportional Fairness in Multi-channel Multi-rate Wireless Networks-Part I: The Case of Deterministic Channels (2006)

This is Part I of a two-part paper series that studies the use of the proportional fairness (PF) utility function as the basis for capacity allocation and scheduling in multi-channel multi-rate wireless networks. The contributions of Part I are threefold. (i) First, we lay down the theoretical foundation for PF. Specifically, we present the fundamental properties and physical/economic interpretation of PF. We show by general mathematical arguments that PF leads to equal airtime allocation to users for the single-channel case; and equal equivalent airtime allocation to users for the multi-channel case, where the equivalent airtime enjoyed by a user is a weighted sum of the airtimes enjoyed by the user on all channels, with the weight of a channel being the price or value of that channel. We also establish the Pareto efficiency of PF solutions. (ii) Second, we derive characteristics of PF solutions that are useful for the construction of PF-optimization algorithms. We present several PF-optimization algorithms, including a fast algorithm that is amenable to parallel implementation. (iii) Third, we study the use of PF utility for capacity allocation in large-scale WiFi networks consisting of many adjacent wireless LANs. We find that the PF solution simultaneously achieves higher system throughput, better fairness, and lower outage probability with respect to the default solution given by today's 802.11 commercial products. Part II of this paper series extends our investigation to the time-varying-channel case in which the data rates enjoyed by users over the channels vary dynamically over time
Multi-mJ, 1kHz, 3.1µm OPCPA (2017)

We present a mid-IR OPCPA laser producing multi-mJ femtosecond pulses at 1kHz. The beam profile of the 3.1µm idler is excellent, enabling efficient coupling into high-gas-pressure waveguides, required for phase matched 1keV high harmonic generation.
Heat Transfer in Multiple Parallel High Aspect Ratio Ducts With Triangular Trench Enhancement Features (2013)

Detailed heat transfer coefficient distributions and pressure drop have been obtained for high aspect ratio (AR = Width/Height = 12.5) ducts with triangular trench enhancement features oriented normal to the coolant flow direction. Numerical and experimental approaches analyze the performance of triangular trenches for six geometrically identical ducts branching from a common plenum. The numerical approach is based on a Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) turbulence model with an unstructured mesh. A transient liquid crystal (TLC) technique is used to experimentally calculate Nu on the ducts surfaces. Reynolds number (Re = 7080, 14800, and 22400, with respect to the duct hydraulic diameter are explored. As Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and TLC results are both detailed, qualitative and quantitative comparisons are made. Experimental results show the closest and furthest ducts from the entrance of the plenum are considerably affected, as recirculation zones develop which partially choke the inlet the respective ducts. Results from the experiments are compared to CFD predictions from Duct 4. In addition, the experimental data are recalculated with the maximum bias in TLC temperature to indicate an improved matching between CFD and experimental methods to demonstrate that CFD captures the wall heat transfer coefficient trends similar to experimental results. The triangular trenches enhance heat transfer in the ducts two-fold compared to smooth wall Dittus-Boelter Nusselt number correlation for flow in tubes.
Minocycline Suppresses Activation of Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells 1 (NFAT1) in Human CD4+ T Cells (2011)

Minocycline is a tetracycline family antibiotic that has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. These properties have shown promise in the treatment of conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, Huntington disease, and multiple sclerosis. As lymphocyte activation is involved in the pathogenesis of many of these diseases, T cells are postulated to be a primary target in minocycline therapy. Previous studies have demonstrated attenuation of CD4(+) T cell activation by minocycline, but a specific mechanism has not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effect of minocycline on the activity of three key transcription factors regulating CD4(+) T cell activation: NF-κB, AP-1 (activator protein 1), and NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T) cells. Our data demonstrate that minocycline selectively impairs NFAT-mediated transcriptional activation, a result of increased phosphorylation and reduced nuclear translocation of the isoform NFAT1. Minocycline increased the activity of the NFAT kinase GSK3 and decreased intracellular Ca(2+) flux, both of which facilitate NFAT1 phosphorylation. These findings provide a novel mechanism for minocycline induced suppression of CD4(+) T cell activation and may better inform the application of minocycline as an immunomodulatory agent.
Temporal analysis of E2 transcriptional induction of PTP and MKP and downregulation of IGF-I pathway key components in the mouse uterus (2007)

17beta-Estradiol (E2) is well known to be associated with uterine cancer, endometriosis, and leiomyomas. Although insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) has been identified as a mediator of the uterotrophic effect of E2 in several studies, this mechanism is still not well understood. In the present study, identification of the genes modulated by a physiological dose of E2, in the uterus, has been done in ovariectomized mice using Affymetrix microarrays. The E2-induced genomic profile shows that multiple genes belonging to the IGF-I pathway are affected after exposure to E2. Two phases of regulation could be identified. First, from 0 to 6 h, the expression of genes involved in the cell cycle, growth factors, protein tyrosine phosphatases, and MAPK phosphatases is quickly upregulated by E2, while IGF-I receptor and several genes of the MAPK and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathways are downregulated. Later, i.e., from 6 to 24 h, transporters and peptidases/proteases are stimulated, whereas defense-related genes are differentially regulated by E2. Finally, cytoarchitectural genes are modulated later. The present data show that a physiological dose of E2 induces, within 24 h, a series of transcriptional events that promote the uterotrophic effect. Among these, the E2-mediated activation of the IGF-I pathway seems to play a pivotal role in the uterotrophic effect. Furthermore, the protein tyrosine phosphatases and MAPK phosphatases are likely to modulate the estrogenic uterotrophic action by targeting, at different steps, the IGF-I pathway.
Optical Spectral Fingerprints of Tissues from Patients with Different Breast Cancer Histologies Using a Novel Fluorescence Spectroscopic Device (2013)

The fluorescence of paired human breast malignant and normal tissue samples was investigated using a novel fluorescence spectroscopic (S3-LED) ratiometer unit with no moving parts. This device can measure the emission spectra of key native organic biomolecules such as tryptophan, tyrosine, collagen and elastin within tissues by using LED (light emitting diode) excitation sources coupled to an optical fiber. With this device, the spectral profiles of 11 paired breast cancerous and normal samples from 11 patients with breast carcinoma were obtained. In each of the 11 cases, marked increases in the tryptophan levels were found in the breast carcinoma samples when compared to the normal breast tissues. In the breast cancer samples, there were also consistently higher ratios of the 340 to 440 nm and the 340 to 460 nm intensity peaks after 280 nm excitation, likely representing an increased tryptophan to NADH ratio in the breast cancer samples. This difference was seen in the spectral profiles of the breast cancer patients regardless of whether they were HER2 positive or negative or hormone receptor positive or negative, and was found regardless of menopausal status, histology, stage, or tumor grade.
Study of the crosslinking of polyvinyl alcohol by light-sensitive tetrazonium salts (1964)

It has been reported that some diazonium compounds make polyvinyl alcohol insoluble to water under ultraviolet irradiation. We found that tetrazonium salts have even stronger light-hardening effects on polyvinyl alcohol than diazonium salts. We have studied by means of infrared spectra sensitive films consisting of polyvinyl alcohol and o-dianisidinetetrazonium chloride-zinc chloride double salts. After exposure of the film to ultraviolet rays, new absorption appeared at the 1250 and 1030 cm.-1 bands; these absorptions were considered to be the asymmetric ν(COC) and the symmetric ν(COC), respectively, in the infrared spectra. In ultraviolet spectra, new bands in the 260–270 mμ region appeared. Consequently it was concluded that the light-hardening effect of tetrazonium salts to polyvinyl alcohol was accomplished by a mechanism in which tetrazonium salts reacted with the OH groups of polyvinyl alcohol and crosslinked linear polyvinyl alcohol by phenyl ether bonds to form a network structure.
Methylomic changes in individuals with psychosis, prenatally exposed to endocrine disrupting compounds: Lessons from diethylstilbestrol (2017)

In the Western world, between 1940 and In exposed individuals, and in their descendants, adverse outcomes have been linked to such exposure, including cancers, genital malformations, and less consistently, psychiatric disorders. We aimed to explore whether prenatal DES exposure would be associated with DNA methylation changes, and whether these epigenetic modifications would be associated with increased risk of psychosis.
Mechanistic investigation of asymmetric aminohydroxylation of alkenes (2002)

Transfer of nitrogen and oxygen in asymmetric aminohydroxylation (AA) has been examined. Electronic as well as steric effect on the nature of oxidizing agent and nitrogen source affect chemo, regio and stereoselectivity in AA reaction. A three cycle mechanistic pathway has been proposed. Results have been rationalized through an addition of alkene to Os=N bond in a [2+2] cycloaddition manner.
Effectiveness of Efflux Pump Inhibitors as Biofilm Disruptors and Resistance Breakers in Gram-Negative (ESKAPEE) Bacteria (2019)

Antibiotic resistance represents a significant threat to the modern healthcare provision. The ESKAPEE pathogens (<i>Enterococcus faecium., Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter</i> <i>baumannii</i><i>, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp.</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>), in particular, have proven to be especially challenging to treat, due to their intrinsic and acquired ability to rapidly develop resistance mechanisms in response to environmental threats. The development of biofilm has been characterised as an essential contributing factor towards antimicrobial-resistance and tolerance. Several studies have implicated the involvement of efflux pumps in antibiotic resistance, both directly, via drug extrusion and indirectly, through the formation of biofilm. As a result, the underlying mechanism of these pumps has attracted considerable interest due to the potential of targeting these protein structures and developing novel adjunct therapies. Subsequent investigations have revealed the ability of efflux pump-inhibitors (EPIs) to block drug-extrusion and disrupt biofilm formation, thereby, potentiating antibiotics and reversing resistance of pathogen towards them. This review will discuss the potential of EPIs as a possible solution to antimicrobial resistance, examining different challenges to the design of these compounds, with an emphasis on Gram-negative ESKAPEE pathogens.
Petri Net Simulation and Animation in a Graphical Object-Oriented Environment (1991)

International audience
Preclinical development of plant‐based oral immune modulatory therapy for haemophilia B (2021)

Anti-drug antibody (ADA) formation is a major complication in treatment of the X-linked bleeding disorder haemophilia B (deficiency in coagulation factor IX, FIX). Current clinical immune tolerance protocols are often not effective due to complications such as anaphylactic reactions against FIX. Plant-based oral tolerance induction may address this problem, as illustrated by the recent first regulatory approval of orally delivered plant cells to treat peanut allergy. Our previous studies showed that oral delivery of plant cells expressing FIX fused to the transmucosal carrier CTB (cholera toxin subunit B) in chloroplasts suppressed ADA in animals with haemophilia B. We report here creation of the first lettuce transplastomic lines expressing a coagulation factor, in the absence of antibiotic resistance gene. Stable integration of the CTB-FIX gene and homoplasmy (transformation of ˜10 000 copies in each cell) were maintained in both T1 and T2 generation marker-free plants. CTB-FIX expression in lyophilized leaves of T1 and T2 marker-free plants was 1.0-1.5 mg/g dry weight, confirming that the marker excision did not affect antigen levels. Oral administration of CTB-FIX to Sprague Dawley rats at 0.25, 1 or 2.5 mg/kg did not produce overt adverse effects or toxicity. The no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) is at least 2.5 mg/kg for a single oral administration in rats. Oral administration of CTB-FIX at 0.3 or 1.47 mg/kg either mixed in food or as an oral suspension to Beagle dogs did not produce any observable toxicity. These toxicology studies should facilitate filing of regulatory approval documents and evaluation in haemophilia B patients.
RNA codewords and protein synthesis, 8. Nucleotide sequences of synonym codons for arginine, valine, cysteine, and alanine. (1965)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Direct diode-pumped Kerr-lens mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser (2012)

We describe a Ti:sapphire laser pumped directly with a pair of 1.2 W 445 nm laser diodes. With over 30 mW average power at 800 nm and a measured pulsewidth of 15 fs, Kerr-lens-modelocked pulses are available with dramatically decreased pump cost. We propose a simple model to explain the observed highly stable Kerr-lens modelocking in spite of the fact that both the mode-locked and continuous-wave modes are smaller than the pump mode in the crystal.
Distributed target localization via spatial sparsity (2008)

We propose an approximation framework for distributed target localization in sensor networks. We represent the unknown target positions on a location grid as a sparse vector, whose support encodes the multiple target locations. The location vector is linearly related to multiple sensor measurements through a sensing matrix, which can be locally estimated at each sensor. We show that we can successfully determine multiple target locations by using linear dimensionality-reducing projections of sensor measurements. The overall communication bandwidth requirement per sensor is logarithmic in the number of grid points and linear in the number of targets, ameliorating the communication requirements. Simulations results demonstrate the performance of the proposed framework. 1.
Bimanual gesture keyboard (2012)

Gesture keyboards represent an increasingly popular way to input text on mobile devices today. However, current gesture keyboards are exclusively unimanual. To take advantage of the capability of modern multi-touch screens, we created a novel bimanual gesture text entry system, extending the gesture keyboard paradigm from one finger to multiple fingers. To address the complexity of recognizing bimanual gesture, we designed and implemented two related interaction methods, finger-release and space-required, both based on a new multi-stroke gesture recognition algorithm. A formal experiment showed that bimanual gesture behaviors were easy to learn. They improved comfort and reduced the physical demand relative to unimanual gestures on tablets. The results indicated that these new gesture keyboards were valuable complements to unimanual gesture and regular typing keyboards.
Smart cardiac health management in IoT through heart sound signal analytics and robust noise filtering (2017)

Heart sound or Phonocardiogram (PCG) is one of the fundamental markers of cardiac health. With the promise of Internet of Things (IoT) and advent of wearable-captured PCG signal, automated analysis of PCG signal plays vital role in remote and mobile cardiac health management. One of the challenging problems of completely automated analytics or clinical prediction method is the frequent presence of corruption in PCG signals from multiple noise sources like motion artifacts, ambient noise and majority of the automated computational methods fail to ensure sufficient clinical utility due to their inability to eliminate the corruption in PCG signals. In this paper, we propose a personal cardiac management application and ecosystem that helps patient's on-demand cardiac health assessment. It applies novel noise filtering method on PCG signals through robust feature space optimization feature selection with audio signal processing primitives to ensure effective clinical analytics and identifies cardiac abnormality condition. The proposed scheme is a precise blend of signal processing, information theoretic and machine learning techniques. We depict more than 85% accuracy and high specificity of identifying noisy PCG signals while experimenting over annotated PCG datasets from large publicly available MIT-Physionet database. We further show that robust noise filtering of PCG signals has the capability to significantly improve the clinical utility of detecting cardiac abnormal condition by more than 40% over state-of-the-art solution.
Food Image Recognition by Personalized Classifier (2018)

Since the development of food diaries could enable people to develop healthy eating habits, food image recognition is in high demand to reduce the effort in food recording. Previous studies have worked on this challenging domain with datasets having fixed numbers of samples and classes. However, in the real-world setting, it is impossible to include all of the foods in the database because the number of classes of foods is large and increases continually. In addition to that, inter-class similarity and intra-class diversity also bring difficulties to the recognition. In this paper, we attempted to solve these problems by using deep convolutional neural network features to build a personalized classifier which incrementally learns the user's data and adapts to the user's eating habit. As a result, we achieved the state-of-the-art accuracy of food image recognition by the personalization of 300 food records per user.
Tree-Structure Bayesian Compressive Sensing for Video (2014)

A Bayesian compressive sensing framework is developed for video reconstruction based on the color coded aperture compressive temporal imaging (CACTI) system. By exploiting the three dimension (3D) tree structure of the wavelet and Discrete Cosine Transformation (DCT) coefficients, a Bayesian compressive sensing inversion algorithm is derived to reconstruct (up to 22) color video frames from a single monochromatic compressive measurement. Both simulated and real datasets are adopted to verify the performance of the proposed algorithm.