gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modified Begerʼs Procedure is an Effective Surgical Treatment for Patients in the United States with Chronic Pancreatitis (2012)

Introduction: Organ preserving pancreatic resection is widely used in Europe to treat patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) and recalcitrant pain syndrome. In the United States, however, resectional techniques such as pancreaticoduodenectomy or total pancreatectomy with islet cell autotransplantation are preferentially offered. We postulate that the modified Begar's procedure is an effective surgical alternative in CP patients in the U.S. who suffer from intractable pain. We report outcomes on a series of chronic pancreatitis patients with recalcitrant pain syndrome who underwent a modified Beger's (Berne) procedure. Methods: Ten consecutive patients from February 2010 to April 2012 underwent Berne modification of the Beger's procedure (duodenum preserving pancreatic head resection). Indications for considering the Berne procedure were patients with chronic pancreatitis with recalcitrant pain syndrome. All patients had failed endoscopic therapy and pharmacologic management. Patients were seen in follow-up after surgery. Outcome measures included symptomatic pain, comparison of narcotic use, change in weight, post-operative complications, and development or worsening of diabetes. Patients were assessed at 1 month, and then semi-annually thereafter. Results: Ten patients (6 male, 4 female) underwent the Berne procedure. Mean follow-up was 12.3 months, and no patients were lost to follow-up. The etiology of chronic pancreatitis was alcohol (n=7), pancreatic duct stones (n=1) and idiopathic (n=2). There was no peri-operative mortality and no GI complications. One patient had grade 3 complication with post-operative pneumonia and respiratory failure (resolved). All (10/10) patients reported improvement in symptomatic pain and reduction in overall narcotic use at 1 month. 62.5% (5/8 patients) reported no pain at 6 months follow-up and 83.3% (5/6 patients) reported no pain at 12 months post-surgery. One patient had worsening of the diabetes mellitus. Two patients developed pancreatic insufficiency (low fecal elastase-1) during follow-up. At last follow-up, mean weight gain was 9.4 lbs (n=3), mean weight loss was 10.7 lbs (n=6) and 1 patient maintained stable weight. No patients required further surgery or interventional pain procedure for chronic pancreatitis. Limitations of the study include recall bias. Conclusion: Organ preserving pancreatic head resection is a feasible and effective treatment in patients with chronic pancreatitis and recalcitrant pain syndrome. The Berne (modified Beger) procedure should be considered in patients with chronic pancreatitis, and may represent a less morbid therapy than other surgical options. Further study is warranted.
A one-pass variable bit-rate video coding for storage media (2003)

The paper presents a one-pass VBR coding algorithm, which provides high visual quality and satisfies a target bit-budget constraint. Since the proposed algorithm exploits the remaining bit amount instead of average bit-rate in determining quantization scale, it can balance the target bit-budget. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is superior to the MPEG-2 TM5 constant bit-rate (CBR) control in term of PSNR. The proposed algorithm also achieves real-time VBR video encoding requiring high visual quality for storage media.
Closed Reduction and Percutaneous Pinning Versus Open Reduction and Internal Fixation for Type II Lateral Condyle Humerus Fractures in Children Displaced >2 mm (2015)

Level III-therapeutic study.
“Picolog,” a Synthetically-Available Bryostatin Analog, Inhibits Growth of MYC-Induced LymphomaIn Vivo (2012)

Bryostatin 1 is a naturally occurring complex macrolide with potent anti-neoplastic activity. However, its extremely low natural occurrence has impeded clinical advancement. We developed a strategy directed at the design of simplified and synthetically more accessible bryostatin analogs. Our lead analog, "picolog", can be step-economically produced. Picolog, compared to bryostatin, exhibited superior growth inhibition of MYC-induced lymphoma in vitro. A key mechanism of picolog's (and bryostatin's) activity is activation of PKC. A novel nano-immunoassay (NIA) revealed that picolog treatment increased phospho-MEK2 in the PKC pathway. Moreover, the inhibition of PKC abrogated picolog's activity. Finally, picolog was highly potent at 100 micrograms/kg and well tolerated at doses ranging from 100 micrograms/kg to 1 milligram/kg in vivo for the treatment of our aggressive model of MYC-induced lymphoma. We provide the first in vivo validation that the bryostatin analog, picolog, is a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of cancer and other diseases.
Chroma adjustment for HDR video (2017)

This paper describes a pre-processing method for HDR video on linear RGB data before converting to a Y'CbCr 4:2:0 representation. The method targets the luminance artifacts that can arise in saturated colors after compression when PQ Y'CbCr 4:2:0 NCL is used. After processing, the resulting Y'CbCr 4:2:0 representation is also more compressible, leading to objective BD rate results of -2.4%. Subjective improvements in compressed material are also clearly visible.
<p>Postoperative Delirium is a Risk Factor of Poor Evolution Three Years After Cardiac Surgery: An Observational Cohort Study</p> (2020)

After cardiac surgery, POD significantly altered patient evolution and increased risk of dependence and loss of QOL.
Detection of Dysplastic Intestinal Adenomas Using a Fluorescent Folate Imaging Probe (2005)

Macrophages have long been recognized as a prominent component of tumors. Activated macrophages overexpress folate receptors and we used this phenomenon to image inflammatory reactions in colon dysplasia using a fluorescent folate probe (FFP). APC(Delta468) mice injected with FFP showed fluorescent adenomas (target-to-background ratio, adenoma vs. adjacent normal mucosa, of 2.46 +/- 0.41), significantly higher (p < .001) than adenomas in animals injected with a non-folate-containing control probe. Fluorescence-activated cell-sorting analysis revealed a 3-fold higher content of Mac1-positive cells in colonic adenomas compared with normal adjacent mucosa (6.8% vs. 2.2%), and confirmed the source of FFP-positive cells to be primarily an F4/80-positive macrophage subpopulation. Taken together, these results indicate that probe potentially can be used to image dysplastic intestinal adenomas in vivo.
Successive cancellation of adjacent channel signals in FDMA/TDMA digital mobile radio systems (2002)

Capacity and signal quality can be improved in mobile radio systems by designing digital receivers with interference mitigation capability. In this paper, coherent MLSE receivers based on successive cancellation of adjacent channel interference in FDMA/TDMA mobile radio systems are developed. The proposed technique requires estimation of impulse response of the desired and adjacent channels, these are obtained via a novel approach employing pulse shaping information and band extrapolation. The receiver is simulated for the GSM digital cellular system under Rayleigh and Rician fading. The results show substantial improvements in bit error rate in interference limited environments.
Generation of dislocations from scratches on GaN formed during wafer fabrication and dislocation reactions during homoepitaxial growth (2021)

Abstract Dislocation generation from scratches induced on a bare GaN wafer during the wafer-fabrication process was investigated via multi-photon excitation photoluminescence (MPPL). The scratch was detected as a faint dark contrast by MPPL but had no accompanying dark dislocation loops that expanded on both sides of the scratch in the GaN wafer. The acceptable quality level for the wafer-fabrication process was determined. Dislocations generated from the scratch elongated to the surface with the repetition of the dislocation reaction. The repetition of the dislocation reaction results in the variation of dislocation types ( a , c , and c + a ). The dislocation structures formed after the dislocation reaction appeared to both decrease as well as increase the dislocation energy. The reactions that appeared to increase the dislocation energy could primarily be attributed to the reaction of threading and half-loop dislocations.
Mechanism of Desynchronization in the Finite-Dimensional Kuramoto Model (2004)

We study how a decrease of the coupling strength causes a desynchronization in the Kuramoto model of $N$ globally coupled phase oscillators. We show that, if the natural frequencies are distributed uniformly or close to that, the synchronized state can robustly split into any number of phase clusters with different average frequencies, even culminating in complete desynchronization. In the simplest case of $N=3$ phase oscillators, the course of the splitting is controlled by a Cherry flow. The general $N$-dimensional desynchronization mechanism is numerically illustrated for $N=5$.
Making a robot recognize three simultaneous sentences in real-time (2005)

A humanoid robot under real-world environments usually hears mixtures of sounds, and thus three capabilities are essential for robot audition; sound source localization, separation, and recognition of separated sounds. We have adopted the missing feature theory (MFT) for automatic recognition of separated speech, and developed the robot audition system. A microphone array is used along with a real-time dedicated implementation of geometric source separation (GSS) and a multi-channel post-filter that gives us a further reduction of interferences from other sources. The automatic speech recognition based on MFT recognizes separated sounds by generating missing feature masks automatically from the post-filtering step. The main advantage of this approach for humanoid robots resides in the fact that the ASR with a clean acoustic model can adapt the distortion of separated sound by consulting the post-filter feature masks. In this paper, we used the improved Julius as an MFT-based automatic speech recognizer (ASR). The Julius is a real-time large vocabulary continuous speech recognition (LVCSR) system. We performed the experiment to evaluate our robot audition system. In this experiment, the system recognizes a sentence, not an isolated word. We showed the improvement in the system performance through three simultaneous speech recognition on the humanoid SIG2.
PADDIT: Probabilistic Augmentation of Data using Diffeomorphic Image Transformation (2018)

For proper generalization performance of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in medical image segmentation, the learnt features should be invariant under particular non-linear shape variations of the input. To induce invariance in CNNs to such transformations, we propose Probabilistic Augmentation of Data using Diffeomorphic Image Transformation (PADDIT) -- a systematic framework for generating realistic transformations that can be used to augment data for training CNNs. We show that CNNs trained with PADDIT outperforms CNNs trained without augmentation and with generic augmentation in segmenting white matter hyperintensities from T1 and FLAIR brain MRI scans.
Meeting SLOs in cross-platform NFV (2020)

Network Functions (NFs) perform on-path processing of network traffic. ISPs are deploying NF Virtualization (NFV) with software NFs run on commodity servers. ISPs aim to ensure that NF chains, directed acyclic graphs of NFs, do not violate Service Level Objectives (SLOs) promised by the ISP to its customers. To meet SLOs, NFV systems sometimes leverage on-path hardware (such as programmable switches and smart NICs) to accelerate NF execution.
Enhancing Managerial Cross‐cultural Awareness andSensitivity: Transactional Analysis Revisited (1993)

A major concern facing multinational corporations in the 1990s is how to prepare managers to operate effectively within another culture. Unfortunately, many corporations seldom provide cross‐cultural management training because it is considered unnecessary or ineffective by top management. Given such corporate mentality, a major concern facing trainers is how to develop cultural awareness and improve cultural sensitivity. Introduces a new approach for enhancing the efficacy of cross‐cultural training by extending one of the most effective psychotherapeutic counselling methods – transactional analysis – over the cross‐cultural setting. Presents conceptual framework which suggests that a crucial element of cross‐cultural training for managers must be to help them achieve an “adult ego state”, and thus ensure that they maintain the most effective cross‐cultural position – my culture′s OK, your culture′s OK . By using transactional analysis as a prerequisite to other approaches in cross‐cultural training, trainers can provide a more comprehensive programme which will not only enhance sensitivity and awareness, but ultimately lead to a greater usage of and appreciation for cross‐cultural training by organizations.
Demand-side management for air conditioning (2011)

We suggest the use of reactive pricing [1] system based on an indicator for the aggregated demand within a population of service-related electrical appliances. Previous results from a generic implementation [2], [3] are provided to indicate the feasibility of the approach. The indicator is adapted to a specific problem and the respective parameters are investigated. An example (simulated) implementation of the solution for air conditioning units in residential high rise structures is presented and its performance is evaluated on the basis of numerical results.
52.1: Invited Paper : Highly Efficient Transparent Organic Light Emitting Diodes with an Internal Random Nano‐structured Scattering Layer (2014)

Abstract We suggest a new approach to improve both out‐coupling efficiency and spectrum independency on viewing angle in transparent OLEDs by introducing a random nano‐structured scattering layer where the waveguide mode can be minimized between the glass substrate and the ITO layer. As a result, total efficiency was remarkably enhanced in transparent OLEDs and we have achieved 52.6 lm/W with CRI 80 with over 50% of transmittance using the random nano‐structured scattering layer.
A performance comparison between two consensus-based distributed optimization algorithms (2012)

In this paper we address the problem of multi-agent optimization for convex functions expressible as sums of convex functions. Each agent has access to only one function in the sum and can use only local information to update its current estimate of the optimal solution. We consider two consensus-based iterative algorithms, based on a combination between a consensus step and a subgradient decent update. The main difference between the two algorithms is the order in which the consensus-step and the subgradient descent update are performed. We show that updating first the current estimate in the direction of a subgradient and then executing the consensus step ensures better performance than executing the steps in reversed order. In support of our analytical results, we give some numerical simulations of the algorithms as well.
Wettability heterogeneities in gas injection; experiments and modelling (1999)

We carried out experiments to study the effect of wettability heterogeneities on: (1) displacement mechanisms, (2) sweep efficiency and (3) trapped oil quantities and fluid distribution in three-phase gas injection and developed a theoretical simulator. Secondary gas injection experiments was conducted in transparent glass micromodels of heterogeneous wettability. Oil-wet patches in a water-wet matrix were obtained by selective silane grafting on the glass surface. Different heterogeneity patterns were considered for the same oil-wet over water-wet surface ratio. Displacement sequences were video-recorded and fluid saturations determined by image analysis. A theoretical model of three-phase flow in a porous structure was developed. In this model the porous medium is simulated as a network of interconnected pores. The model permits an imposition of heterogeneous wettability by assigning different water-oil contact angles according to the desired wettability pattern. The calculation of flow within the network takes into account the flow of oil through wetting and spreading films and the displacement mechanisms observed in the transparent micromodels. Comparison between experimental results and simulations shows that the size and distribution of wettability heterogeneities strongly affects microscopic and macroscopic behaviour during gas injection.
Method for the Preparation of Nonracemic Bis‐Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Complexes (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 24/2013) (2013)

The cover picture shows the Λ- and Δ-enantiomers of a bis-cyclometalated Ir(III) complex and their corresponding mirror-imaged CD spectra. These non-racemic complexes and derivatives thereof were obtained by utilizing salicyloxazolines (X = O) and salicylthiazolines (X = S) as chiral auxiliaries (R = tBu or iPr). The background shows the silhouette of Landgrave' s Castle, which sits enthroned above the historic city of Marburg. Details are discussed in the article by E. Meggers et al. on p. 4164 ff. For more on the story behind the cover research, see the Cover Profile. The cover picture shows the Λ- and Δ-enantiomers of a bis-cyclometalated Ir(III) complex and their corresponding mirror-imaged CD spectra. These non-racemic complexes and derivatives thereof were obtained by utilizing salicyloxazolines (X = O) and salicylthiazolines (X = S) as chiral auxiliaries (R = tBu or iPr). The background shows the silhouette of Landgrave' s Castle, which sits enthroned above the historic city of Marburg. Details are discussed in the article by E. Meggers et al. on p. 4164 ff. For more on the story behind the cover research, see the Cover Profile.
The biocompatibility of nanosized materials: intracellular nanoparticle stability and effects on toxicity and particle functionality (2013)

The present work describes the use of a recently established multiparametric methodology to study nanomaterial toxicity. Using optimized methods, including proliferation-restricted cell types and endosomal buffer systems, the effect of different types of nanomaterials on cultured cells were studied, focusing in particular on intracellular particle degradation. Gold particles were quite resistant, whereas iron oxide degraded, with loss of magnetic resonance contrast, but little toxicity associated. Quantum dots degraded more slowly, decreasing both fluorescence quantum yield and cell viability over long-time periods. The multiparametric methodology is shown to be an efficient screening strategy, allowing easy comparison of results obtained for different nanomaterials and hereby helping to optimize nanoparticle design with improved safety.
Comparison of three pulsed infrared lasers for optical stimulation of the rat prostate cavernous nerves (2013)

Optical nerve stimulation (ONS) is being explored for identification and preservation of the cavernous nerves (CN), responsible for erectile function, during prostate cancer surgery. This study compares three pulsed infrared lasers to determine whether differences in spectral linewidth and/or temporal pulse profile influence successful ONS of CN. Infrared laser radiation from the Capella diode laser (1873 nm, 5 ms, 10 Hz), Thulium fiber laser (TFL) (1873 nm, 5 ms, 10 Hz), and solid-state Holmium:YAG laser (2120 nm, 200 &mu;s, 5 Hz) were transmitted through 400-&mu;m-corediameter optical fibers, producing a 1-mm-diameter-spot on the nerve surface. Successful ONS was judged by an intracavernous pressure (ICP) response in the penis (n =10 rats) during a total stimulation time of 30 s. The narrow linewidth TFL (&Delta;λ ~ 0.5 nm) and broad linewidth Capella laser (&Delta;λ ~ 12 nm) performed similarly, producing ICP responses with a threshold radiant exposure of ~ 0.45 J/cm<sup>2</sup>, and ICP response times of 12-17 s, while the Holmium laser stimulated at ~ 0.59 J/cm<sup>2</sup>, and ICP response times of about 14-28 s. All three lasers demonstrated successful ONS of CN. ICP response time was dependent on the rate of energy deposition into the CN, rather than linewidth or temporal pulse profile.
Machine Learning Approach for Predicting Past Environmental Exposures From Molecular Profiling of Post-Exposure Human Serum Samples (2019)

We developed and validated a pipeline that shows retrospective analysis of post-exposure serum samples can identify environmental exposures.
A terahertz photonic crystal structure for sensing applications (2012)

This paper explores the use of a 1-D photonic crystal (PC), with and without a defect layer, for sensing in the THz spectral region. The PC consists of a stack of alternating high and low permittivity materials (BK-7 glass and air). Introducing a liquid or gaseous sample leads to a change in the transmission characteristics of the PC. An inverse problem method is used to characterize the dielectric properties of the sample under study. Such a configuration provides high sensitivity while requiring a small sample volume.
Encapsulation of Paramagnetic Chelates in Perfluorocarbon-loaded Fractal Nanoparticles Enables Modulation of Fluorine-19 and Proton Magnetic Resonance Imaging Signal (2021)

19F magnetic resonance imaging (19F MRI) is an emerging technique for quantitative imaging of novel therapies, such as cellular therapies and theranostic nanocarriers. A modification of perfluorocarbon (PFC)-loaded, nanocarrier-based 19F MRI probes with paramagnetic chelates can enhance probe’s functionality. Liquid PFC-loaded nanocarriers typically have a core-shell structure with PFC in the core due to the poor miscibility of PFC. However, paramagnetic relaxation enhancement acts only at a distance of a few angstroms. Thus, efficient modulation of 19F signal is possible only with fluorophilic PFC-soluble chelates. Such chelates, however, cannot interact with the surroundings of nanocarriers. Conversely, chelates on the surface typically affect only the aqueous environment but not the 19F signal. We show that the confinement of PFC in biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles with fractal structure enables modulation of longitudinal and transverse 19F relaxation, as well as proton signal, using non-fluorophilic paramagnetic chelates. We compared nanoparticles with fractal multicore versus conventional core-shell structure, where the PFC is encapsulated in the core(s) and the chelate in the surrounding polymeric matrix. Importantly, paramagnetic chelates affected both longitudinal and transverse 19F relaxation in fractal multicore nanoparticles, but not in core-shell nanocapsules. Both relaxation rates of 19F nucleus increased with an increasing concentration of the paramagnetic chelate. Moreover, as the polymeric matrix remained water-permeable, proton enhancement additionally was observed in MRI. In the future, the effects of fractal confinement could be combined with more effective paramagnetic chelates to develop multifunctional imaging probes, for example, for high-sensitivity 19F MRI combined with sensing.