gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Impact of Non-Idealities System on Spatial Correlation in a Multi-Probe Based MIMO OTA Setup (2013)

MIMO OTA testing methodologies are being intensively investigated by CTIA and 3GPP, where a multi-probe anechoic chamber based solution is an important candidate for future standardized testing. In this paper, the probes located on an OTA ring are used to reproduce the channel spatial information. This paper investigates the extent to which we can emulate the channel spatial characteristics inside the test zone where the device under test is located. The focus is on performance deterioration introduced by system non-idealities on spatial correlation emulation in practical MIMO OTA test systems.
Semi-analytical inductance calculation on an axial-field synchronous machine for a flywheel storage system using surfacic permeances (2002)

Accurate knowledge of inductance windings is necessary in cases such as optimization calculations. Knowing the right value of reluctance torque, which depends upon the saliency ratio, is particularly important. The use of a fully-analytical calculation is straightforward and provides quick results. While this approach proves to be efficient for electrical motors with a small airgap, such is not true when the airgap becomes large, as is typical of axial-field machines with air-cored windings. After recalling the principle and hypotheses necessary for conducting the correct analytical calculation, through the example of a cylindrical reluctance machine, this paper proposes a 2-D semi-analytical calculation using surfacic permeance for an axial-field motor. It is shown that for a discoid motor, a 2-D analysis is sufficient in spite of 3-D effects due to its specific configuration and that the flux density in the airgap can be written as the product of the surfacic permeance and the MMM. This method is then applied to a new synchronous machine designed for a flywheel accumulator developed in our laboratory. The machine and its corresponding technology are also presented in this paper.
Methods, media, and systems for detecting attack on a digital processing device (2023)

Methods, media, and systems for detecting attack are provided. In some embodiments, the methods include: comparing at least part of a document to a static detection model; determining whether attacking code is included in the document based on the comparison of the document to the static detection model; executing at least part of the document; determining whether attacking code is included in the document based on the execution of the at least part of the document; and if attacking code is determined to be included in the document based on at least one of the comparison of the document to the static detection model and the execution of the at least part of the document, reporting the presence of an attack. In some embodiments, the methods include: selecting a data segment in at least one portion of an electronic document; determining whether the arbitrarily selected data segment can be altered without causing the electronic document to result in an error when processed by a corresponding program; in response to determining that the arbitrarily selected data segment can be altered, arbitrarily altering the data segment in the at least one portion of the electronic document to produce an altered electronic document; and determining whether the corresponding program produces an error state when the altered electronic document is processed by the corresponding program.
An achievable rate region for the 3-user-pair deterministic interference channel (2011)

This paper presents a new coding scheme and a corresponding achievable rate region for a class of deterministic interference channels with three sender-receiver pairs (3-DIC). The codebook structure uses rate splitting, Marton coding, and superposition coding. The receivers use interference decoding to exploit the structure of the combined interference signal without uniquely decoding any of the interfering messages partly or fully. The corresponding rate region is shown to contain all previously known achievable rate regions for the deterministic interference channel. The scheme can be extended to general discrete memoryless interference channels and provides a natural generalization of the Han-Kobayashi scheme for the two-user- pair case.
NMR Study of LiBH4 with C60 (2010)

LiBH4 doped with 1.6 mol % well-dispersed C60 is studied with solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Variable-temperature hydrogen NMR shows large changes between the data upon first heating and after exposure to 300 °C. After heating, a large fraction on the order of 50% of the hydrogen signal appears in a motionally narrowed peak, similar to a previous report of LiBH4 in a porous carbon aerogel nanoscaffold. Magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR of 13C in a 13C-enriched sample finds the C60 has reacted already in the as-mixed (unheated) material. Dehydriding and rehydriding result in further 13C spectral changes, with nearly all intensity being found in a broad peak corresponding to aromatic carbons. It thus appears that the previously reported improved dehydriding and rehydriding kinetics of this material at least partially result from in situ formation of a carbon framework. The method may offer a new route to dispersal of hydrides in carbon support structures.
How Progesterone Impairs Memory for Biologically Salient Stimuli in Healthy Young Women (2007)

Progesterone, or rather its neuroactive metabolite allopregnanolone, modulates amygdala activity and thereby influences anxiety. Cognition and, in particular, memory are also altered by allopregnanolone. In the present study, we investigated whether allopregnanolone modulates memory for biologically salient stimuli by influencing amygdala activity, which in turn may affect neural processes in other brain regions. A single progesterone dose was administered orally to healthy young women in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design, and participants were asked to memorize and recognize faces while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. Progesterone decreased recognition accuracy without affecting reaction times. The imaging results show that the amygdala, hippocampus, and fusiform gyrus supported memory formation. Importantly, progesterone decreased responses to faces in the amygdala and fusiform gyrus during memory encoding, whereas it increased hippocampal responses. The progesterone-induced decrease in neural activity in the amygdala and fusiform gyrus predicted the decrease in memory performance across subjects. However, progesterone did not modulate the differential activation between subsequently remembered and subsequently forgotten faces in these areas. A similar pattern of results was observed in the fusiform gyrus and prefrontal cortex during memory retrieval. These results suggest that allopregnanolone impairs memory by reducing the recruitment of those brain regions that support memory formation and retrieval. Given the important role of the amygdala in the modulation of memory, these results suggest that allopregnanolone alters memory by influencing amygdala activity, which in turn may affect memory processes in other brain regions.
Metabolic Phenotyping and Strain Characterisation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Cystic Fibrosis Patients Using Rapid Evaporative Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (2018)

Abstract Rapid evaporative ionisation mass spectrometry (REIMS) is a novel technique for the real-time analysis of biological material. It works by conducting an electrical current through a sample, causing it to rapidly heat and evaporate, with the analyte containing vapour channelled to a mass spectrometer. It was used to characterise the metabolome of 45 Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( P . aeruginosa ) isolates from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and compared to 80 non-CF P . aeruginosa . Phospholipids gave the highest signal intensity; 17 rhamnolipids and 18 quorum sensing molecules were detected, demonstrating that REIMS has potential for the study of virulence-related metabolites. P . aeruginosa isolates obtained from respiratory samples showed a higher diversity, which was attributed to the chronic nature of most respiratory infections. The analytical sensitivity of REIMS allowed the detection of a metabolome that could be used to classify individual P . aeruginosa isolates after repeated culturing with 81% accuracy, and an average 83% concordance with multilocus sequence typing. This study underpins the capacities of REIMS as a tool with clinical applications, such as metabolic phenotyping of the important CF pathogen P . aeruginosa , and highlights the potential of metabolic fingerprinting for fine scale characterisation at a sub-species level.
Self-Consistent Projection Operator Approach to Quantum Many-Body Systems (2013)

The description of quantum many-body systems is an exceedingly cumbersome challenge since the dimensions of their Hilbert spaces scale exponentially with the number of constituents. Whereas mean-field approaches are expected to provide accurate descriptions for high dimensional lattices, numerical approaches based on the density matrix renormalization group have very successfully been applied to one-dimensional chains. Yet for two-dimensional lattices there is still a pressing need for efficient descriptions as these are expected to host some very intriguing but still illusive phenomena in quantum many-body physics. Here we derive an exact equation of motion for the reduced density matrices of individual subsystems of quantum many-body systems of any lattice dimension and arbitrary system size. Our projection operator based approach is thus highly efficient and not restricted to unitary dynamics. We show its excellent accuracy for moderate size one-dimensional and small two-dimensional systems where very accurate or exact numerical solutions are available.
Spectroscopic Proof of the Correlation between Redox‐State and Charge‐Carrier Transport at the Interface of Resistively Switching Ti/PCMO Devices (2014)

By using hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy experimentally, proof is provided that resistive switching in Ti/Pr₀.₄₈ Ca₀.₅₂ MnO₃ (PCMO) devices is based on a redox-process that mainly occurs on the Ti-side. The different resistance states are determined by the amount of fully oxidized Ti-ions in the stack, implying a reversible redox-reaction at the interface, which governs the formation and shortening of an insulating tunnel barrier.
A Pre-Correction Algorithm for Broadcasting Transmitter (2016)

In a terrestrial broadcasting system, a power amplifier (PA) and mask filter (MF) are utilized to extend the service area of the broadcasting network, while suppressing unwanted out-of-band emissions. However, due to analog circuit imperfection, these devices inevitably cause significant linear and nonlinear distortions which may lead to spectral re-growth and the degradation of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) performance. In order to compensate for these distortions, an adaptive pre-correction algorithm is proposed in this paper. Unlike conventional techniques, the proposed algorithm iteratively estimates the linear and nonlinear distortions using selective feedback loops. Computer simulations and laboratory prototype test results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm provides nearly an spectral gain of 8 dB near the edge of the channel bandwidth and an SNR improvement of 20 dB. Thus, it efficiently improves the dynamic range of the PA and MF.
Critical Review and Research Needs of Ozone Applications Related to Virus Inactivation: Potential Implications for SARS-CoV-2 (2020)

Ozone disinfection has demonstrated high efficacy against enveloped and non-enveloped viruses, including viruses similar in morphology to SARS-CoV-2. Due to this efficacy, numerous gaseous and aqueous phase ozone applications have emerged to potentially inhibit virus persistence in aerosols, surfaces, and water. This review identifies the exposure requirements for virus inactivation and important safety considerations for applications within the built environment (i.e. occupied/unoccupied spaces, air/water/wastewater treatment) and healthcare settings (i.e. ozone therapy, dentistry, handwashing, treatment of personal protection equipment (PPE)). Current research needs are presented to advance the utilization of ozone as a mitigation strategy.
Radio access selection for multistandard terminals (2001)

The race for higher data rates in wireless systems has produced a multiplicity of radio access methods to fulfill the quality of service needs for the next generation of mobile devices. This document presents an analysis of GERAN, UTRAN, WLAN, and Bluetooth as possible methods of accessing services via a wireless device. In light of the results, meaningful combinations for radio access methods of wireless devices are elaborated.
A second-law investigation of heat exchanger wall-thickness on flow energy (1996)

There has been a growing interest in enhancing the performance of space power systems, and quantifying the subsequent optimal operating conditions. In any thermal storage system, the thermodynamic irreversibilities decrease the net power (or exit flow energy) available to do work. Entropy production is closely related to the thermal efficiency of a thermal storage system, and isolating and reducing components of irreversibility will result in increased performance. This paper investigates second‐law aspects of four single pass spiral heat exchangers in which helium is the working fluid.
FleA Expression in Aspergillus fumigatus Is Recognized by Fucosylated Structures on Mucins and Macrophages to Prevent Lung Infection (2016)

The immune mechanisms that recognize inhaled Aspergillus fumigatus conidia to promote their elimination from the lungs are incompletely understood. FleA is a lectin expressed by Aspergillus fumigatus that has twelve binding sites for fucosylated structures that are abundant in the glycan coats of multiple plant and animal proteins. The role of FleA is unknown: it could bind fucose in decomposed plant matter to allow Aspergillus fumigatus to thrive in soil, or it may be a virulence factor that binds fucose in lung glycoproteins to cause Aspergillus fumigatus pneumonia. Our studies show that FleA protein and Aspergillus fumigatus conidia bind avidly to purified lung mucin glycoproteins in a fucose-dependent manner. In addition, FleA binds strongly to macrophage cell surface proteins, and macrophages bind and phagocytose fleA-deficient (∆fleA) conidia much less efficiently than wild type (WT) conidia. Furthermore, a potent fucopyranoside glycomimetic inhibitor of FleA inhibits binding and phagocytosis of WT conidia by macrophages, confirming the specific role of fucose binding in macrophage recognition of WT conidia. Finally, mice infected with ΔfleA conidia had more severe pneumonia and invasive aspergillosis than mice infected with WT conidia. These findings demonstrate that FleA is not a virulence factor for Aspergillus fumigatus. Instead, host recognition of FleA is a critical step in mechanisms of mucin binding, mucociliary clearance, and macrophage killing that prevent Aspergillus fumigatus pneumonia.
Combined dynamic scanning tunneling microscopy and frequency modulation atomic force microscopy investigations on polythiophene chains on graphite with a tuning fork sensor (2011)

Polythiophene molecules adsorbed on a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite surface were studied by combined dynamic scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and frequency modulation atomic force microscopy (FM-AFM) with a quartz tuning fork sensor operating in Qplus mode and equipped with a Pt/Ir tip. Upon completing a careful sub-angström oscillation amplitude calibration of the probe, experiments were conducted in an ultra high vacuum at room temperature. By selecting the tip/surface distance regulation parameter, one can select the type of simultaneous information obtained in an area. For distance regulation based on the mean tunneling current, dynamic STM images together with maps of tip/surface force gradient were obtained. FM-AFM images with maps of the tunneling current were also acquired when the distance regulation was based on the frequency shift. Comparison between these images reveals interesting features. For example the tip which operates in STM mode with ultra low current (&amp;lt;10 pA) generates different interaction forces above molecules or graphite. Changes in energy dissipation processes as small as tens of millielectronvolts per cycle were recorded when the tip oscillates above the polymer or on the graphite surface. Hence data demonstrates that a stiff piezoelectric tuning fork of several kilonewtons/meters working as an AFM/STM probe with sub-angström amplitude can characterize weakly adsorbed molecules.
Cholangiographic Abnormalities in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (1978)

Twenty patients with inflammatory bowel disease, abnormal liver function tests and abnormal endoscopic retrograde cholangiograms were found to have a spectrum of abnormalities affecting the intra- and extrahepatic biliary trees. The intrahepatic systems were abnormal in all patients and demonstrated ductal stenosis, ectasia, decreased arborization and major duct obstruction. The extrahepatic systems were abnormal in 75 percent of cases with stenosis, diverticula formation and mural irregularity being the most frequent abnormalities. The value of endoscopic retrograde cholangiography in this patient group is to exclude extrahepatic obstruction, establish a nonoperative diagnosis, and assist in determining the method of treatment.
Transforming Nonselective into Chemoselective Metal Catalysts for the Hydrogenation of Substituted Nitroaromatics (2008)

It is generally accepted that good hydrogenation noble and nonnoble metal catalysts such as Pt, Ru, or Ni are not chemoselective for hydrogenation of nitro groups in substituted aromatic molecules. We have found that it is possible to transform nonchemoselective into highly chemoselective metal catalysts by controlling the coordination of metal surface atoms while introducing a cooperative effect between the metal and a properly selected support. Thus, highly chemoselective and general hydrogenation Pt, Ru, and Ni catalysts can be prepared by generating nanosized crystals of the metals on the surface of a TiO 2 support and decorating the exposed (111) and (100) crystal faces by means of a simple catalyst activation procedure. By doing this, it has been possible to change the relative rate for hydrogenating competitive groups present in the molecule by almost 2 orders of magnitude, increasing the chemoselectivity from less than 1% to more than 95%.
Simulation and analysis of the angular response of 1D dielectric nanophotonic light-trapping structures in thin-film photovoltaics (2012)

Nanophotonics can guide the design of novel structures for light-trapping in ultra-thin photovoltaic cells. Here, we report on the systematic study of the effect of the angle of incidence of sunlight on the performance of such structures. We also conduct a parametric study of a sinusoidal grating and demonstrate that light intensity in the active region averaged over a range of input angles from 0° to 80° can be enhanced by more than 3 times compared to the bare device. Such a broadband light-trapping nanostructure can increase the total daily energy production of a fixed (non-tracking) device by over 60%, compared to a reference device with an anti-reflection coating.
Indication for a specific interaction of fatty acids with a liver sinusoidal plasma membrane carrier. (1998)

To evaluate whether fatty acids interact specifically with plasma membrane proteins, binding of [3H]oleate to rat liver plasma membranes was determined after exposure of the plasma membranes to temperatures of 40 to 95 degrees C for 15 min. Starting at 50 degrees C, membrane binding of [3H]oleate gradually decreased, reaching at 95 degrees C a 58.2% inhibition of binding compared to control values obtained at 18 degrees C. Another criterion of specific interaction with a membrane transport protein was the observation that two different long chain fatty acids, palmitate and oleate, compete for uptake in the experimental system of the isolated perfused rat liver. Both observations support the hypothesis that hepatocellular uptake of fatty acids represents a carrier mediated transport mechanism and not simple diffusion.
Analysis of Harmonics in UHF RFID Signals (2013)

In this paper, a detailed study is proposed on the properties of UHF RF identification (RFID) signals when the communication between the reader and tag is established. The main objective is to analyze the harmonics produced by the chip and radiated by the tag antenna. From experimentation, the characteristics of the nonlinearities contained in the signals are highlighted and linked to the theory of the backscattering in the RFID context. Several experiences taking into account the standards are proposed. Moreover, several commercial tags are considered in order to compare the observations. The used configuration, the experimental setup, and the protocols are described in detail. In particular, the generation of periodic and reproducible sequences of bits is introduced and its advantages are emphasized. Finally, contrarily to the classic approaches that tend to eliminate the harmonics generated by the rectifiers of tags, the great interest of the possible exploitation of backscattered harmonics is discussed in perspectives and some ideas of applications are given.
Synthesis of narrow-band red-emitting K2SiF6:Mn4+ phosphors for a deep red monochromatic LED and ultrahigh color quality warm-white LEDs (2014)

In this study, we synthesized and characterized narrow-band red-emitting K<sub>2</sub>SiF<sub>6</sub>:Mn<sup>4+</sup> phosphors in order to improve the color qualities of warm white light-emitting diodes (LEDs).
An Antagonist of cADP-ribose Inhibits Arrhythmogenic Oscillations of Intracellular Ca2+ In Heart Cells (1999)

Oscillations of Ca2+ in heart cells are a major underlying cause of important cardiac arrhythmias, and it is known that Ca2+-induced release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores (the sarcoplasmic reticulum) is fundamental to the generation of such oscillations. There is now evidence that cADP-ribose may be an endogenous regulator of the Ca2+ release channel of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (the ryanodine receptor), raising the possibility that cADP-ribose may influence arrhythmogenic mechanisms in the heart. 8-Amino-cADP-ribose, an antagonist of cADP-ribose, suppressed oscillatory activity associated with overloading of intracellular Ca2+ stores in cardiac myocytes exposed to high doses of the beta-adrenoreceptor agonist isoproterenol or the Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor ouabain. The oscillations suppressed by 8-amino-cADP-ribose included intracellular Ca2+ waves, spontaneous action potentials, after-depolarizations, and transient inward currents. Another antagonist of cADP-ribose, 8-bromo-cADP-ribose, was also effective in suppressing isoproterenol-induced oscillatory activity. Furthermore, in the presence of ouabain under conditions in which there was no arrhythmogenesis, exogenous cADP-ribose was found to be capable of triggering spontaneous contractile and electrical activity. Because enzymatic machinery for regulating the cytosolic cADP-ribose concentration is present within the cell, we propose that 8-amino-cADP-ribose and 8-bromo-cADP-ribose suppress cytosolic Ca2+ oscillations by antagonism of endogenous cADP-ribose, which sensitizes the Ca2+ release channels of the sarcoplasmic reticulum to Ca2+.