gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of chiral molecular sieves: A 30 year journey (2018)

Recently, my co-workers and I synthesized an enantiomerically enriched, polycryst. mol. sieve that has the STW framework topol. My journey to prep. a chiral mol. sieve began 30 years ago, and in this presentation, I will chronicle the progress made from start to finish. Over that period of time, advances in synthetic methods, characterization techniques and computer simulations have greatly advanced, and all these advances were used to design, prep. and conclusively prove that an enantiomerically enriched, polycryst. mol. sieve was indeed&#13;\nobtained. Addnl., I will make a few comments about what may be possible with chiral mol. sieves in the near future.
Elevated Complement C3 and C4 Levels are Associated with Postnatal Pregnancy-Related Venous Thrombosis (2019)

High levels of complement C3 are associated with venous thrombosis (VT) in the general population. We investigated if high C3 and C4 levels were associated with pregnancy-related VT. We undertook the Norwegian VIP study, a case-control study of VT in pregnancy or within 3 months postpartum (cases, <i>n</i> = 313) and women without pregnancy-related VT (controls, <i>n</i> = 353). Determinants of C3 and C4 in the control women were investigated with linear regression and the odds ratio (OR) for pregnancy-related VT was calculated with logistic regression. We found that levels of C3 and C4 were associated with body mass index (BMI), C-reactive protein (CRP); with the coagulation factors (F) fibrinogen, FVIII, and FIX; and with the coagulation inhibitors antithrombin, protein C, protein S, and tissue factor pathway inhibitor. These associations were influenced by CRP levels. The crude OR for pregnancy-related VT was 1.8 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-3.0) for C3 above the 90th percentile and 2.0 (95% CI, 1.2-3.2) for C4 above the 90th percentile. Stratification in antenatal and postnatal VT showed that C3 and C4 were only associated with postnatal VT with an OR for high C3 of 3.0 (95% CI, 1.8-5.0), and for high C4 of 2.6 (95% CI, 1.5-4.6). Adjustment for high FIX and BMI reduced the ORs. We conclude that the association between postnatal VT and C3 and C4 suggests that there is clinically relevant crosstalk between the complement and the coagulation system.
Microbend optical fiber tapped delay line for gigahertz signal processing (1982)

A single-mode optical fiber tapped delay line which utilizes microbend taps has been constructed. The taps are obtained simply and repeatably and are uniform to ±1 dB. A device with 19 taps and a 1-ns delay between taps was constructed. The average tap strength was 1.5%. The frequency response for the device has been measured and simple programmability has also been demonstrated. Extension of the procedure to devices with 102–103 taps and 100-ps time delays is possible.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Dnmt1 and Dnmt3a maintain DNA methylation and regulate synaptic function in adult forebrain neurons. (2010)

Dnmt1 and Dnmt3a, two major DNA methyltransferases, are expressed in postmitotic neurons, but their function in the central nervous system (CNS) is unclear. We generated conditional mutant mice that lack either Dnmt1, or Dnmt3a, or both exclusively in forebrain excitatory neurons and found only double knockout (DKO) mice exhibited abnormal hippocampal CA1 long-term plasticity and deficits of learning and memory. While no neuronal loss was found, the size of hippocampal neurons in DKO was smaller; furthermore, DKO neurons showed a deregulation of gene expression including class I MHC and Stat1 that are known to play a role in synaptic plasticity. In addition, we observed a significant decrease in DNA methylation in DKO neurons. We conclude that Dnmt1 and Dnmt3a are required for synaptic plasticity, learning and memory through their overlapping roles in maintaining DNA methylation and modulating neuronal gene expression in adult CNS neurons.
Anisotropic Adhesion Properties of Triangular‐Tip‐Shaped Micropillars (2011)

Directional dry adhesive microstructures consisting of high-density triangular-tip-shaped micropillars are described. The wide-tip structures allow for unique directional shear adhesion properties with respect to the peeling direction, along with relatively high normal adhesion.
Single rate communication is advantageous over per-tone rate control in a multi-user OFDM system (2006)

In this paper, we investigate two different rate control strategies for a cellular multi-user OFDM system: a per-tone rate control and a single rate communication scheme. We propose efficient feedback and scheduling al- gorithms for both the schemes. We demonstrate via simula- tions that an average throughput within 5% of the per-tone rate control throughput is achievable with the single rate scheme. Hence, single rate OFDM transmission is preferred due to its near-optimal performance and less imposing feed- back constraints.
On determining the relevance of athermal nucleation in rapidly quenched liquids (1998)

When a liquid is quenched, classical nucleation theory asserts that at least a fraction of the solid must nucleate by way of the athermal mechanism. In this letter, we show that this fundamental issue regarding the relative rates of athermal and thermal nucleation during a quench can be readily addressed by comparing the instantaneous quench rate that is in effect at any point during the quench, −dT/dt, to kn*+/(∂n*/∂T) evaluated at the corresponding temperature. This and additional considerations permit the construction of a nucleation-mechanism diagram that maps out the thermal-mechanism-dominated and athermal-mechanism-dominated domains in the quench-rate–temperature parameter space. By projecting the thermal trajectory of a quench on the diagram, the relevance or irrelevance of the athermal mechanism, as well as the extent to which athermal mechanism participates in the transformation, can be assessed.
Class Libraries: A Challenge for Programming Usability Research. (2002)

In previous collaboration with the Visual Studio usability team at Microsoft, we have learned that the Microsoft Foundation Classes are considered central to the usability of their products. There is little research in psychology of programming that is directly relevant to the design and evaluation of class libraries, despite the fact that they clearly occupy a central place among the cognitive challenges faced by professional programmers. Research into software reuse has considered some of the human factors in deploying class libraries. But the MFC library, despite being (probably) the most widely reused code in the world at present, has rather different problems from those addressed in reuse research. In this paper we analyse the nature of those problems, identify promising research avenues, and propose a challenge for future research in evaluating and improving the usability of class libraries.
Electroluminescence from double-barrier resonant-tunnelling structures (1997)

We have performed a theoretical analysis on bipolar double-barrier resonant-tunnelling structures using a two-band model, by solving eight equations self-consistently: the Poisson equation, two Schrödinger equations, four equations for quantum transport of electrons and holes, and the equation for electron - hole radiative recombination. All physical parameters are calculated from first principles, except the electron - hole recombination time , which is treated as an empirical parameter. We have investigated in detail the physical processes relevant to the three conditions for optimizing a bipolar double-barrier resonant-tunnelling light-emitting diode: (1) the charge carriers are entirely trapped in the well as the only light source, (2) electrons and holes tunnel resonantly into the quantum well simultaneously and (3) in the well it is nearly zero field. We have studied the electroluminescence spectrum within a wide temperature range and investigated the origin of its temperature dependence. Finally, we consider as a varying parameter, to examine the dynamical aspects of the electroluminescence spectrum.
Expression of p73 and Reelin in the Developing Human Cortex (2002)

Cajal-Retzius (CR) cells of the developing neocortex secrete Reelin (Reln), a glycoprotein involved in neuronal migration. CR cells selectively express p73, a p53 family member implicated in cell survival and apoptosis. Immunocytochemistry in prenatal human telencephalon reveals a complex sequence of migration waves of p73- and Reln-immunoreactive (IR) neurons into the cortical marginal zone (MZ). At early preplate stages, p73/Reln-IR cells arise in distinct sectors of the telencephalon, including cortical primordium and ganglionic eminences. After the appearance of the cortical plate, further p73/Reln-IR cells originate in the medial periolfactory forebrain. In addition, p73 marks a novel cell population that appears at the choroid-cortical junction or cortical hem before the emergence of the dorsal hippocampus. A pronounced mediolateral gradient in the density of p73/Reln-IR neurons in the neocortical MZ at 8 gestational weeks suggests that a subset of CR cells migrate tangentially from cortical hem and taenia tecta into neocortical territory. This hypothesis is supported by the absence of p73-transcripts in prospective neocortex of p73-/-mice at embryonic day 12 (E12), whereas they are present in cortical hem and taenia tecta. In the p73-/- preplate, Reln is faintly expressed in a calretinin-positive cell population, not present in this form in the E12 wild-type cortex. At P2, Reln-IR CR cells are undetectable in the p73-/- cortex, whereas Reln-expression in interneurons is unchanged. Our results point to a close association between p73 and Reln in CR cells of the developing neocortex, with a partial dissociation in early preplate and basal telencephalon, and to a p73-mediated role of the cortical hem in neocortical development.
Two Different cis -Active Elements Transfer the Transcriptional Effects of Both EGF and Phorbol Esters (1986)

Short cis-active sequences of the rat prolactin or Moloney murine leukemia virus genes transfer transcriptional regulation by both epidermal growth factor and phorbol esters to fusion genes. These sequences act in a position- and orientation-independent manner. Competitive binding analyses with nuclear extracts from stimulated and unstimulated cells suggest that different trans-acting factors associate with the regulatory sequence of each gene. A model is proposed suggesting that both epidermal growth factor and phorbol esters stimulate the transcription of responsive genes via discrete classes of hormone-dependent, enhancer-like elements that bind different trans-acting factors, even in the absence of hormone stimulation.
Rat tibial osteotomy model providing a range of normal to impaired healing (2010)

The purpose of this study was to develop an inexpensive and easily implemented rat tibial osteotomy model capable of producing a range of healing outcomes. A saw blade was used to create a transverse osteotomy of the tibia in 89 Sprague-Dawley rats. A 0.89 mm diameter stainless steel wire was then inserted as an intramedullary nail to stabilize the fracture. To impair healing, 1, 2, or 3 mm cylindrical polyetheretherketone (PEEK) spacer beads were threaded onto the wires, between the bone ends. Fracture healing was evaluated radiographically, biomechanically, and histologically at 5 weeks. Means were compared for statistical differences by one-way ANOVA and Holm-Sidak multiple comparison testing. The mean number of "cortices bridged" for the no spacer group was 3.4 (SD ± 0.8), which was significantly greater than in the 1 mm (2.3 ± 1.4), 2 mm (0.8 ± 0.7), and 3 mm (0.3 ± 0.4) groups (p < 0.003). Biomechanical results correlated with radiographic findings, with an ultimate torque of 172 ± 53, 137 ± 41, 90 ± 38, and 24 ± 23 N/mm with a 0, 1, 2, or 3 mm defect, respectively. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that this inexpensive, technically straightforward model can be used to create a range of outcomes from normal healing to impaired healing, to nonunions. This model may be useful for testing new therapeutic strategies to promote fracture healing, materials thought to be able to heal critical-sized defects, or evaluating agents suspected of impairing healing.
Toward Nanophotonic Free-Electron Lasers (2020)

We show that nanophotonic structures enable the possibility of realizing lasers based on stimulated emission by free electrons. The associated threshold beam currents are in the nanoampere range, and could be realized in electron microscopes.
Die sphärischen Heteropolyoxowolframate [{Sn(CH3)2(H2O)}24{Sn(CH3)2}12(A‐XW9O34)12]36− (2005)

Spektakuläre Größen (fast 1000 Atome) und Molmassen (ca. 33 000 g mol−1) sowie sphärische Symmetrie kennzeichnen die beiden titelgebenden Polyoxowolframate mit X=P, As (siehe Bild; Sn blau, C grün). Die Strukturen bestehen aus 12 Keggin-Fragmenten A-XW9O34 (gelb, rot), die durch 36 Dimethylzinn-Gruppen verbunden sind und einen Hohlraum mit 8 Å Durchmesser ergeben.
Positron Polarons and Positron Trapping by Defects in LiF (1975)

The momentum distribution of annihilation photon pairs in LiF observed at 293 K was found to be slightly broader than that at 89 K. Assuming that the positrons are thermalized and annihilate mainly in the polaron states, the broadening was analyzed in terms of their effective mass. The positron polarons are very likely to have a mass considerably larger than those of the electron polarons. This result is consistent with the consequence of a band-mass calculation made in the present work. Irradiation effects due to the positron source on the angular correlation, i.e. a gradual increase in the peak height at 293 K and a decrease at 89 K, were also detected and attributed to the irradiation-induced changes in the density of positron traps. Holes play an important role in the decrease at 89 K.
Review: The Nose as a Route for Therapy. Part 2 Immunotherapy (2021)

The nose provides a route of access to the body for inhalants and fluids. Unsurprisingly it has a strong immune defense system, with involvement of innate (e.g., epithelial barrier, muco- ciliary clearance, nasal secretions with interferons, lysozyme, nitric oxide) and acquired (e.g., secreted immunoglobulins, lymphocytes) arms. The lattice network of dendritic cells surrounding the nostrils allows rapid uptake and sampling of molecules able to negotiate the epithelial barrier. Despite this many respiratory infections, including SARS-CoV2, are initiated through nasal mucosal contact, and the nasal mucosa is a significant "reservoir" for microbes including <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis and SARS -CoV-2</i>. This review includes consideration of the augmentation of immune defense by the nasal application of interferons, then the reduction of unnecessary inflammation and infection by alteration of the nasal microbiome. The nasal mucosa and associated lymphoid tissue (nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue, NALT) provides an important site for vaccine delivery, with cold-adapted live influenza strains (LAIV), which replicate intranasally, resulting in an immune response without significant clinical symptoms, being the most successful thus far. Finally, the clever intranasal application of antibodies bispecific for allergens and Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1) as a topical treatment for allergic and RV-induced rhinitis is explained.
Dynamic Behavior Emulation of Alkaline Electrolyzer by Power-Hardware-in - the- Loop (2018)

Hydrogen production is energy intensive, and hence, the efficiency of the process is essential. Power electronics play an important role in energy efficiency of water electrolyzers. In general, the research requires real devices and handling of hydrogen. On the other hand, the water electrolyzer stack can be replaced by a power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) emulator that includes the same electrical characteristics as the real one. However, water electrolyzers are dynamic devices, and hence, the PHIL emulator should be able to realize the same bandwidth. Dynamics are important when studying DC power quality effects on water electrolyzers. The switching phenomena that can be seen after the utilized rectification are up to several kHz in frequency. This paper examines a dynamic PHIL test system for the purpose of emulation of water electrolyzers.
Engineering a Thermostable Keto Acid Decarboxylase Using Directed Evolution and Computationally Directed Protein Design (2017)

Keto acid decarboxylase (Kdc) is a key enzyme in producing keto acid derived higher alcohols, like isobutanol. The most active Kdc's are found in mesophiles; the only reported Kdc activity in thermophiles is 2 orders of magnitude less active. Therefore, the thermostability of mesophilic Kdc limits isobutanol production temperature. Here, we report development of a thermostable 2-ketoisovalerate decarboxylase (Kivd) with 10.5-fold increased residual activity after 1h preincubation at 60 °C. Starting with mesophilic Lactococcus lactis Kivd, a library was generated using random mutagenesis and approximately 8,000 independent variants were screened. The top single-mutation variants were recombined. To further improve thermostability, 16 designs built using Rosetta Comparative Modeling were screened and the most active was recombined to form our best variant, LLM4. Compared to wild-type Kivd, a 13 °C increase in melting temperature and over 4-fold increase in half-life at 60 °C were observed. LLM4 will be useful for keto acid derived alcohol production in lignocellulosic thermophiles.
A statistical path loss model for in-home UWB channels (2003)

This paper describes a simple statistical model for evaluating the path loss in residential environments. It consists of detailed characterization of path loss model parameters of ultra-wideband band (UWB) signals having a nominal center frequency of 5 GHz. The proposed statistical path loss model is for the in-home channel and it is based on over 300,000 frequency response measurements. Probability distributions of the model parameters for different locations are presented. Also, time domain results such as RMS delay spread and percent of captured power are presented.
Influence of Aromatase Absence on the Gene Expression and Histology of the Mouse Meibomian Gland (2012)

Our findings demonstrate that aromatase has a significant impact on gene expression in the meibomian gland. The nature of this influence is sex-dependent and genotype-specific; however, many of the sex-related variations in gene ontologies and KEGG pathways are similar between WT and ArKO mice. Consequently, it appears that aromatase, and by extension estrogen, do not play a major role in the sex-related differences of the mouse meibomian gland.
Hyper- and viscoelastic modeling of needle and brain tissue interaction (2014)

Deep needle insertion into brain is important for both diagnostic and therapeutic clinical interventions. We have developed an automated system for robotically steering flexible needles within the brain to improve targeting accuracy. In this work, we have developed a finite element needle-tissue interaction model that allows for the investigation of safe parameters for needle steering. The tissue model implemented contains both hyperelastic and viscoelastic properties to simulate the instantaneous and time-dependent responses of brain tissue. Several needle models were developed with varying parameters to study the effects of the parameters on tissue stress, strain and strain rate during needle insertion and rotation. The parameters varied include needle radius, bevel angle, bevel tip fillet radius, insertion speed, and rotation speed. The results will guide the design of safe needle tips and control systems for intracerebral needle steering.
Supplementary Data from T Cells Promote Metastasis by Regulating Extracellular Matrix Remodeling following Chemotherapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;supplemental materials and methods and supplemental figures&lt;/p&gt;
A new Sst 1 RFLP associated with human insulin receptor locus (1988)

Journal Article A new Sst 1 RFLP associated with human insulin receptor locus Get access P. Patel, P. Patel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S. O'Rahilly, S. O'Rahilly Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. Ullrich, A. Ullrich 1Genentech, Inc.460 Point San Bruno Boulevard, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R.C. Turner, R.C. Turner Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J.S. Wainscoat J.S. Wainscoat 2Department of Haematotogy, John Radcliffe HospitalHeadington, Oxford, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 16, Issue 12, 24 June 1988, Page 5700, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/16.12.5700 Published: 24 June 1988
Long-Term Anorectal Dysfunction After Postoperative Radiotherapy for Rectal Cancer (2005)

Adjuvant postoperative radiotherapy after anterior resection causes severe long-term anorectal dysfunction, which is mainly the result of a weakened, less sensitive anal sphincter and an undistensible rectum with reduced capacity.
Early SIV Dissemination After Intrarectal SIVmac251 Challenge Was Associated With Proliferating Virus-Susceptible Cells in the Colorectum (2015)

The median eclipse time after intrarectal challenge was 7 days, with a few early transmitters at 4 days. More rapid viral dissemination was associated with a high frequency of colorectal Ki67CCR5CD4T cells, which fuel the local viral replication. Furthermore, local viral replication in the colorectal tissue during the early stage might affect the plasma VL in a delayed manner. Therefore, to reduce/limit these target cells at the portal of viral entry is essential.
Accurate Time-Delay Estimation and Alignment for RF Power Amplifier/Transmitter Characterization (2008)

This paper presents a cross-covariance-based time- delay estimation method for accurate determination of the time- delay between the input and the output of a RF power amplifier/transmitter. In order to overcome the time resolution limitation caused by the relative low sampling rate of the analog- to-digital converter in the baseband signal acquisition system, the Lagrange interpolation is utilized to improve the time resolution. A two-step method for time-delay estimation/alignment is proposed to increase the dynamic range for time-delay estimation/alignment under the certain computation resource consumption condition. The experimental validation results have been provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach for accurate time-delay estimation and alignment.
From Nickel Foam to Highly Active NiFe‐based Oxygen Evolution Catalysts (2022)

Abstract A key challenge for the large‐scale application of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the synthesis of active, cheap and robust catalysts. Here, a straightforward procedure to form novel porous and highly active multimetallic oxygen evolution catalysts was reported. They were derived from an original dendritic nickel foam (NiNF) using two strategies: i) Fe‐doping; and ii) Fe/Cr‐doping. A bimetallic NiFe catalyst, formed through controlled acid treatment followed by a simple galvanic exchange procedure proved remarkably active in 1 m KOH with a very low overpotential value of η 200 =276 mV at 200 mA cm −2 and a very low Tafel slope of 25 mV dec −1 . A trimetallic FeNiCr catalyst, containing 11 % Cr, was also synthesised through electrodeposition and partial Cr leaching, to form a stable OER catalyst displaying a very low overpotential value of η 200 =279 mV at 200 mA cm −2 and a Tafel slope of 29 mV dec −1 . These two novel catalysts are among the best performing OER catalysts reported so far.
Enantioselective Allylation of Aldehydes with Allyltrichlorosilane Promoted by New Chiral Dipyridylmethane N‐Oxides. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.