gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Chemistry of 4-Substituted Oxazaphosphorinanes (OAP) (Tools for Cancer Research and Therapy) (1987)

Abstract Novel chemical approaches resulted in 4-substituted OAP derivatives, linked by a sulfur, orygen or nitrogen atom to C-4. The cis- and trans-epimers were stereoselectively synthesized from the key intermediate 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide. An alternative route will be presented. The stereochemistry of 4-substituted OAP are confirmed by single crystal X-ray analysis and by NMR-spectra for more than 50 compounds. The connectivities of the nuclei observed in the homonuclear and heteronuclear COSY plots are summarized with data. In aqueous solution 4-substituted OAP are hydrolyzed with a half-life at physiological conditions of a few minutes for S-derivatives and of about 20 hours for the more stable N-derivatives. The pH-dependance of the hydrolysis rates including epimerisation and transthioacetalisation are submitted. Pharmacokinetical and biological activity data are presented.
Wasserstoff, chemisch gespeichert (2014)

Abstract Ein Ansatz, Energie chemisch zu speichern, sind flüssige organische Wasserstoffträger. Die Oberflächenforschung leistet Beiträge zum mechanistischen Verständnis der katalytischen Wasserstofffreisetzung und zieht Schlussfolgerungen für die praktische Anwendung solcher Techniken.
Saving and Reproduction of Human Motion Data by Using Haptic Devices with Different Configurations (2011)

Recently, there has been increased focus on “haptic recording”; development of a motion-copying system is an efficient method for the realization of haptic recording. Haptic recording involves saving and reproduction of human motion data on the basis of haptic information. To increase the number of applications of the motion-copying system in various fields, it is necessary to reproduce human motion data by using haptic devices with different configurations. In this study, a method for the above-mentioned haptic recording is developed. In this method, human motion data are saved and reproduced on the basis of work space information, which is obtained by coordinate transformation of motor space information. The validity of the proposed method is demonstrated by experiments. With the proposed method, saving and reproduction of human motion data by using various devices is achieved. Furthermore, it is also possible to use haptic recording in various fields.
Controlling size, shape and homogeneity of embryoid bodies using poly(ethylene glycol) microwells (2007)

Directed differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells is useful for creating models of human disease and could potentially generate a wide array of functional cell types for therapeutic applications. Methods to differentiate ES cells often involve the formation of cell aggregates called embryoid bodies (EBs), which recapitulate early stages of embryonic development. EBs are typically made from suspension cultures, resulting in heterogeneous structures with a wide range of sizes and shapes, which may influence differentiation. Here, we use microfabricated cell-repellant poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) wells as templates to initiate the formation of homogenous EBs. ES cell aggregates were formed with controlled sizes and shapes defined by the geometry of the microwells. EBs generated in this manner remained viable and maintained their size and shape within the microwells relative to their suspension counterparts. Intact EBs could be easily retrieved from the microwells with high viability (>95%). These results suggest that the microwell technique could be a useful approach for in vitro studies involving ES cells and, more specifically, for initiating the differentiation of EBs of greater uniformity based on controlled microenvironments.
Design and development of production-worthy developable BARCs(DBARCs) for implant lithography (2010)

As device scaling continues according to Moore's Law, an ongoing theme in the semiconductor industry is the need for robust patterning solutions for advanced device manufacture. One particularly attractive solution for implant lithography is the use of a developable BARC (DBARC) to improve reflection control while still affording an "implant ready" substrate following development. Going forward, these two features of DBARC technology are key to successful implant patterning as the industry standard TARC process begins to falter due to poor substrate reflection control leading to profile degradation, shrinking process windows and poor CDU. In this paper, we report our progress in the design and development of production worthy DBARCs for implant lithography. In addition to outlining our general design concepts, we describe our fundamental approach to characterizing DBARCs and share key performance data showing our DBARC technology is surpassing the capability of a traditional TARC process for both KrF and ArF implant applications. Key performance metrics include CD swing, CD control over varying oxide thickness, active to field CD bias and footing over topography.
Single-Wall Nanostructured Carbon for Methane Storage (2003)

Open single-wall carbon nanohorns (SWNHs) were compressed repeatedly at 50 MPa to generate a nanocarbon material of high bulk density. TEM observations and Raman spectroscopy revealed a significant distortion in the structure of the compressed SWNHs. The obtained nanostructured disordered carbon exhibits a high methane storage capacity, reaching 160 cm3/cm3 of nanocarbon at 3.5 MPa and 303 K. Comparison of the experimental results with grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations indicates the importance of the adsorption in the interstitial channels for the high total adsorption capacity of the generated nanostructured carbon.
0698 Effects of citral and linalool on blood neutrophil toxicity and oxidative response in dairy cows (2016)

Alternative therapies to controlling and treating mastitis are being pursued to reduce potential antibacterial resistance. Certain bioactive phytochemicals extracted from plants, such as citral and linalool, have demonstrated antimicrobial activity and may serve as acceptable alternatives for conventional mastitis treatments. It is unknown how these phytochemicals may interact with bovine polymorphonuclear cells (PMN), the predominant cell type recruited during mastitis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of citral and linalool on cytotoxicity and the oxidative response of bovine blood PMN in vitro. Blood was sampled from four healthy, primiparous Holstein dairy cows in mid lactation (DIM > 90). Polymorphonuclear cells were isolated and incubated for 2 h with various concentrations of citral (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 and 10 μL/mL) and linalool (0, 0.1, 1.2, 2.4, and 10 μL/mL). Cytotoxicity was measured by nonradioactive, colorimetric assay to quantify lactate dehydrogenase production. Oxidative burst response for the PMN was measured by relative chemiluminescence of reactive oxidative species production after exposure to 1.6 μg/mL phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate in addition to citral or linalool during incubation. Data were analyzed by ANOVA using the MIXED procedure of SAS 9.2. Each phytochemical was separately analyzed. Differences among treatments were determined using the PDIFF statements and significance was declared at P ≤ 0.05. Citral concentrations of 0.8 and 10 μL/mL increased PMNL cytotoxicity to 33.0 and 68.3%, respectively (P < 0.01), relative to the control. Oxidative burst response increased at 0.01 and 0.02 μL/mL concentrations of citral, whereas 0.4 and 0.8 μL/mL concentrations decreased oxidative burst (P < 0.01). Linalool concentrations equal to or less than 2.4 μL/mL did not alter PMN cytotoxicity relative to the control and 10 μL/mL increased cytotoxicity to 81.2% (P < 0.01). Oxidative response of PMN increased for 1.2, 2.4, and 10 μL/mL concentrations of linalool (P = 0.02). In summary, citral and linalool do affect in vitro bovine blood PMN cytotoxicity and oxidative burst response. Concentrations less than 0.4 μL/mL of citral and 2.4 μL/mL of linalool were nontoxic to bovine blood PMN and concentrations between 0.1 to 0.2 μL/mL citral and 1.2 to 10 μL/mL linalool increased oxidative burst response. The use of citral and linalool as an alternative therapy for mastitis is promising as they may not interfere with the immune response during mastitis.
Supplementary Figure S4 from CYP27A1 Loss Dysregulates Cholesterol Homeostasis in Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;27HC inhibits the growth of androgen-sensitive and -insensitive PC cell lines&lt;/p&gt;
An Apoptosis-inducing Isoform of Neu Differentiation Factor (NDF) Identified Using a Novel Screen for Dominant, Apoptosis-inducing Genes (1997)

Apoptosis is a genetically programmed series of events that results in cell death. As a consequence, it is difficult to identify dominant genes that play a role in this process using genetic selections in conventional cell culture systems. Accordingly, we have established an efficient expression screen to isolate dominant, apoptosis-inducing genes. The assay is based on the apoptotic morphology induced in the human kidney cell line 293 after transient transfection of small plasmid pools from normalized cDNA expression libraries. Using this assay, we isolated a novel isoform of the proto-oncogene Neu differentiation factor (NDF), a ligand for erbB receptor tyrosine kinases. Several lines of experimental evidence indicate that this gene kills in a cell-autonomous fashion and independently of known erbB receptors. This apoptotic property of an NDF isoform is readily contrasted with NDF's transforming potential and might balance the tendency to tumorigenesis in cells that overexpress NDF.
A Remote Operated Quadruped Robot System for Investigation of Reactor Building (2014)

A remote operated quadruped robot has been developed for disaster site which can move on stairs, slopes, and uneven floor under the radiation-polluted environment, such as TEPCO Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plants [1][2]. In particular, the control method for stable walking and the remote operation system have been developed to move on stairs in the reactor building. We applied this robot to investigation of suspicious water leakage points in reactor building at Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plants unit2[3]. In this investigation, a small vehicle equipped with camera and a manipulator which is connected the vehicle with cable were mounted on the robot and were carried to near the target by the quadruped robot and the investigation was carried out with the small vehicle.
Adoptive cellular immunotherapy with APN401, autologous Cbl-b-silenced peripheral blood mononuclear cells, in patients with solid tumors. (2016)

e14541 Background: Casitas-B-lineage lymphoma protein-b (Cbl-b), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is a major intracellular checkpoint limiting lymphocyte activation. Silencing Cbl-b enhances T cell and natural killer cell antitumor activity in mouse tumor models. APN401, an autologous cellular therapy consisting of Cbl-b silenced peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), was evaluated in patients with solid tumors. Methods: A siRNA was selected for APN401 from a panel tested in human PBMC for the ability to decrease Cbl-b protein expression and increase cytokine production. Feasibility and safety of three single doses of APN401 were evaluated in patients with refractory metastatic solid tumors. Patients with active autoimmune disease or a requirement for immune suppressive drugs were excluded. PBMC were collected by leukapheresis. The following day PBMC were transfected with Cbl-b siRNA by electroporation to produce APN401 and then infused intravenously over 30 minutes. Results: Three to six patients were treated in each of the three dosing cohorts. PBMC were successfully collected and transfected with Cbl-b siRNA in all patients enrolled. CD3 T cell, CD56 NK cell, CD19 B cell, and CD14 monocytes were transfected with similar efficiencies. APN401 cells produced 4-fold more interferon gamma and 2-fold more interleukin-2 in response to CD3/CD28 stimulation than PBMC that were processed and electroporated without siRNA. From 27.0 to 467 X 106 APN401 cells were infused. Infusions were well tolerated. Mild to moderate chills developed in most patients at the completion of the infusion. Dose-limiting toxicities were not observed. There was no immediate hypersensitivity and no evidence of autoimmune adverse effects. Stable disease was observed in two patients with pancreatic cancer and one with colorectal cancer. Conclusions: APN401 respond to activation with increased cytokine production. A single intravenous infusion of 5.0 x106/kg of APN401 into patients with refractory solid tumors is feasible and safe. The results support testing of multiple infusions and phase II clinical trials. Clinical trial information: NCT02166255.
Origin of high oscillator strength in green-emitting InGaN∕GaN nanocolumns (2006)

Optical characterization has been performed on an InGaN∕GaN nanocolumn structure grown by nitrogen plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy not only in macroscopic configuration but also in a microscopic one that can be assessed to a single nanocolumn. The photoluminescence (PL) decay monitored at 500nm is fitted with a double exponential curve, which has lifetimes of 0.67 and 4.33ns at 13K. These values are two orders of magnitude smaller than those taken at the same wavelength in conventional InGaN∕GaN quantum wells (QWs) grown toward the C orientation. PL detection of each single nanocolumn was achieved using a mechanical lift-off technique. The results indicate that the very broad, macroscopically observed PL spectrum is due to the sum of the sharp PL spectrum from each nanocolumn, the peak energy of which fluctuates. Moreover, unlike conventional QWs, the blueshift of a single nanocolumn is negligibly small under higher photoexcitation. These findings suggest that carrier localization as well as the piezoelectric polarization field is suppressed in InGaN∕GaN nanocolumns.
Demonstration of thermal control, microstructure control, defect mitigation and process parameter database generation for Ti-6Al-4V Direct Digital Manufacturing - Understanding defect mitigation and process parameter database generation for direct digital manufacturing (2015)

Researchers from Manufacturing Demonstration Facility (MDF) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) worked with Applied Optimization (AO) to understand and evaluate the propensity for defect formation in builds manufactured using DM3D-POM laser direct metal deposition. The main aim of this collaboration was to understand the character of powder jet behavior as a function of the nozzle parameters such as cover gas, carrier gas, and shaping gas. In order to evaluate the sensitivities of the parameters used in model, various experiments were performed with in-situ monitoring of the powder stream characteristics using a high speed camera. A wide variety of conditions while keeping the hopper motor rpm constant, including laser power and travel speed were explored. The cross sections of the deposits were characterized using optical microscopy.
Serial 9 Mb flash EEPROM for solid state disk applications (2003)

A 9-Mb flash EEPROM incorporating a serial interface and other features specifically suited for low-cost, high-capacity, low-power solid-state storage systems has been fabricated using a triple polysilicon, single-metal, 0.9- mu m CMOS process. Thin oxide transistors are used for low read and programming voltages, and thick oxide transistors are used for high erase voltage. The memory array utilizes a virtual ground architecture. The cell erases using inter-poly dielectric tunneling and programs using channel hot electron injection. The use of a split channel memory transistor allows the floating gate portion of the cell to be erased to negative thresholds, thus eliminating the over-erase limitation of traditional stacked gate flash cells.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Transient effects in intermolecular diffusion-controlled polymer-polymer reactions (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTransient effects in intermolecular diffusion-controlled polymer-polymer reactionsJ. M. G. Martinho, M. Campos, Michael Tencer, and Mitchell A. WinnikCite this: Macromolecules 1987, 20, 7, 1582–1587Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00173a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00173a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views89Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Discovery of VU6015929: A Selective Discoidin Domain Receptor 1/2 (DDR1/2) Inhibitor to Explore the Role of DDR1 in Antifibrotic Therapy (2019)

Herein, we report the discovery of a potent and selective dual DDR1/2 inhibitor, 7e (VU6015929), displaying low cytotoxicity, good kinome selectivity, and possessing an acceptable in vitro DMPK profile with good rodent in vivo pharmacokinetics. VU6015929 potently blocks collagen-induced DDR1 activation and collagen-IV production, suggesting DDR1 inhibition as an exciting target for antifibrotic therapy.
Wideband Design of the Fully Integrated Transmitter Front-End With High Power-Added Efficiency (2007)

A novel approach to enhance power-added efficiency (PAE) bandwidth and transmitting power bandwidth of the fully integrated transmitter front-end is proposed. To obtain these characteristics, a wideband multifunctional antenna operating as an output matching load of the power transistor and harmonic tuning circuits, as well as a radiator, is designed and fully integrated with a power transistor. Therefore, the wideband direct integration between the output of the power transistor and input of the antenna can be achieved without any impedance transformers. Under the condition of PAE over 50% and transmitting power within 3 dB for the peak transmitting power at the operating band, the measured PAE bandwidth and transmitting power bandwidth are 930 MHz (from 4.9 to 5.83 GHz) and 1030 MHz (from 4.8 to 5.83 GHz), respectively. About a half size is also obtained compared with the conventional wideband class F active antenna for high PAE, and the second and third harmonic radiations of the proposed structure for the normalized peak power of the fundamental frequency are measured less than -30 and -40 dB in all directions, respectively
Estrogen-related receptor-α is a metabolic regulator of effector T-cell activation and differentiation (2011)

Stimulation of resting CD4(+) T lymphocytes leads to rapid proliferation and differentiation into effector (Teff) or inducible regulatory (Treg) subsets with specific functions to promote or suppress immunity. Importantly, Teff and Treg use distinct metabolic programs to support subset specification, survival, and function. Here, we describe that the orphan nuclear receptor estrogen-related receptor-α (ERRα) regulates metabolic pathways critical for Teff. Resting CD4(+) T cells expressed low levels of ERRα protein that increased on activation. ERRα deficiency reduced activated T-cell numbers in vivo and cytokine production in vitro but did not seem to modulate immunity through inhibition of activating signals or viability. Rather, ERRα broadly affected metabolic gene expression and glucose metabolism essential for Teff. In particular, up-regulation of Glut1 protein, glucose uptake, and mitochondrial processes were suppressed in activated ERRα(-/-) T cells and T cells treated with two chemically independent ERRα inhibitors or by shRNAi. Acute ERRα inhibition also blocked T-cell growth and proliferation. This defect appeared as a result of inadequate glucose metabolism, because provision of lipids, but not increased glucose uptake or pyruvate, rescued ATP levels and cell division. Additionally, we have shown that Treg requires lipid oxidation, whereas Teff uses glucose metabolism, and lipid addition selectively restored Treg--but not Teff--generation after acute ERRα inhibition. Furthermore, in vivo inhibition of ERRα reduced T-cell proliferation and Teff generation in both immunization and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis models. Thus, ERRα is a selective transcriptional regulator of Teff metabolism that may provide a metabolic means to modulate immunity.
microRNA-140 Targets RALA and Regulates Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Translational Enhancement of SOX9 and ACAN (2013)

Lesions of articular cartilage do not heal spontaneously. One treatment strategy would be to make cartilage in the laboratory by directed chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). To promote our understanding of the molecular control of chondrogenesis, we have compared the changes in microRNAs (miRNAs) during in vitro chondrogenesis of MSCs with those observed in uncultured and dedifferentiated articular chondrocytes (ACs). Several miRNAs showed a reciprocal relationship during the differentiation of MSCs and dedifferentiation of ACs. miR-140-5p and miR-140-3p changed the most during in vitro chondrogenesis, they were the miRNAs most highly expressed in tissue-engineered chondrocytes, and they were also among the miRNAs most highly expressed in uncultured ACs. There was a 57% overlap for the 100 most highly expressed miRNAs in differentiated MSCs and uncultured ACs, but for other miRNAs, the expression pattern was quite different. We transiently and stably inhibited and overexpressed miR-140-5p and miR-140-3p in differentiating MSCs and dedifferentiating ACs, respectively, to describe global effects and identify and validate new targets. Surprisingly, SOX9 and aggrecan proteins were found to be downregulated in anti-miR-140 transduced differentiating MSCs despite unchanged mRNA levels. This suggests that miR-140 stimulates in vitro chondrogenesis by the upregulation of these molecules at the protein level. RALA, a small GTPase, was identified as a miR-140 target and knockdown experiments showed that RALA regulated SOX9 at the protein level. These observations shed new light on the effect of miR-140 for chondrogenesis in vitro and in vivo.
Pulsed Atomic Layer Epitaxy of Quaternary AlInGaN Layers for Ultraviolet Light Emitters (2001)

We report on a pulsed atomic layer epitaxy (PALE) technique for quaternary AlInGaN growth. PALE allows for the deposition of high-quality AlInGaN layers at much lower temperatures than those required for conventional low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The low growth temperature leads to an efficient incorporation of indium and, as a result, to a dramatic improvement in emission properties of the material. A deep ultraviolet optical gain of 300 cm—1 peaked at 330 nm is obtained in quaternary AlInGaN MQWs. Also, in PALE AlInGaN material, the optical emission properties do not degrade with increasing Al mole fraction. These results establish PALE as a promising technique for deep UV emitters.