gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Field Test Validation of Single-Element Antenna with Anti-Jam and Spoof Detection (2015)

As the utility of GPS continues to pervade (and upgrade) our daily activities, our increased reliance makes us more vulnerable to the inherent weaknesses of GPS. The incredible faintness and unencrypted nature of the GPS signal exposes it to both unintentional and intentional overwhelming, via mechanisms such as interference, jamming and spoofing (the broadcast of counterfeit GPS signals intended to deceive a GPS receiver).

However some may argue that despite the great risk, the probability of a jamming or spoofing event is thankfully low. The argument may continue, that correspondingly few resources should be dedicated to protect against a low probability event. We attempt to resolve the tension between these high risk, yet low probability scenarios by establishing antenna designs that provide protection while exploiting existing infrastructure and equipment, thus requiring minimal additional resource dedication.

In our previous work, we introduced a backward compatible single antenna design for GPS spoof detection [4] and anti-jam [5] for aviation applications. The proposed design required no additional signal processing blocks when in use with a standard GPS receiver and fit into the form-factor of a standard GPS antenna. In [4], we tested the proposed technique by combining simulated data with measured data to enable hardware-in-the-loop experiments, and in [5] we based our conclusions upon mathematical theory and simulation alone.

This paper reports the results of a recent field trial where we were able to run hardware-in-the-loop tests to evaluate the performance of both our anti-jam and spoof detection techniques in response to jamming and spoofing attacks. In this paper we intend to validate our prior claims of achieving greater than 10 dB jam suppression and reliable spoofdetection when these threatening signals originate from below the horizon of the GPS antenna, making aerial platforms an ideal application.
Mass spectrometry–driven exploration reveals nuances of neoepitope-driven tumor rejection (2019)

Neoepitopes are the only truly tumor-specific antigens. Although potential neoepitopes can be readily identified using genomics, the neoepitopes that mediate tumor rejection constitute a small minority, and there is little consensus on how to identify them. Here, for the first time, we use a combination of genomics, unbiased discovery MS immunopeptidomics and targeted MS to directly identify neoepitopes that elicit actual tumor rejection in mice. We report that MS-identified neoepitopes are an astonishingly rich source of tumor rejection mediating neoepitopes. MS has also demonstrated unambiguously the presentation by MHC I, of confirmed tumor rejection neoepitopes which bind weakly to MHC I; this was done using DCs exogenously loaded with long peptides containing the weakly binding neoepitopes. Such weakly MHC I-binding neoepitopes are routinely excluded from analysis, and our demonstration of their presentation, and their activity in tumor rejection, reveals a broader universe of tumor-rejection neoepitopes than presently imagined. Modeling studies show that a mutation in the active neoepitope alters its conformation such that its T cell receptor-facing surface is significantly altered, increasing its exposed hydrophobicity. No such changes are observed in the inactive neoepitope. These results broaden our understanding of antigen presentation and help prioritize neoepitopes for personalized cancer immunotherapy.
Electrical performance improvements on RFICs using bump chip carrier packages as compared to standard small outline packages (2002)

The electrical models of Bump Chip Carrier (BCC) packages have been established based on the S-parameter measurement. When compared to the standard Thin Shrink Small Outline Packages (TSSOP), BCCs exhibit much smaller parasitics in the equivalent circuits. In the simulation, the insertion and return losses for an arbitrary pair of package leads connected through an on-die 50-ohm line are calculated against frequency. BCCs also show better loss characteristics than TSSOPs over a wide frequency range. By setting a random variable with Gaussian distribution varied within a certain range for each equivalent circuit element of the packages, the Monte Carlo analysis has been performed to study the package effects on a GaAs Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor (HBT). Again, BCCs cause less decrement of HBT's unity-gain bandwidth than TSSOPs.
Thermally Driven Thin Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator Voltage Controlled Oscillators Integrated with Microheater Elements (2003)

In this letter, we report on thermally driven thin film bulk acoustic resonator (TFBAR) voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) integrated with a microheater element. The oscillation frequency of TFBAR VCOs is controlled by applying different power (or bias voltage) to the microheaters implemented on the TFBAR membrane. The TFBARs with the microheater elements are fabricated by Si bulk micromachining technology. The series feedback schematic TFBAR VCO has an oscillation frequency of 3.566 GHz, an output power of -21 dBm, and a phase noise of -110 dBc/Hz at an offset frequency of 100 kHz. The measured frequency controllability and the measured temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of the heater element are 3.19 MHz/V and 0.24%/°C, respectively, with a resistance of 88.1 Ω at room temperature.
Kinetic modeling-based optimization of multi-feed simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation of wheat straw for ethanol production (2015)

Fed-batch simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) enables production of lignocellulosic ethanol with high content of water insoluble solids (WIS), and therefore high cellulose loadings (the major sugar source in lignocellulose). The viscosity of the SSCF broth and the mass/heat transfer efficiency, depend on the feeding frequency of solid substrates and the hydrolytic activities of the added cellulases. An ideal feeding scheme should avoid over-feeding which leads to mixing problems, while feeding as much substrates as possible to shorten the process time and increase the final ethanol titer. A previously developed kinetic model [1] was modified to predict the performance of cellulases on steam pre-treated wheat straw, and to decide when and how much WIS to feed in the next feeding event. With this approach, mixing problems could be completely avoided up to 22.2% WIS in lab scale stirred tank reactors, and ethanol concentrations reached 56 g/L within 72 hours of SSCF. The process was tested at demonstration scale in 10 m3 reactors, and a similar fermentation performance as that in lab scale was observed. Further feeding of solid substrate (&gt;20% WIS) did not lead to increases in the ethanol concentration, while a substantial loss of yeast viability (colony forming unit) were observed in SSCF medium at high WIS contents. This was likely due to toxic compounds retained in the pre-treated lignocellulose. We are currently investigating different xylose fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains in the SSCF process to increase the ethanol titer further. [1] Wang et al. Bioresour. Technol., 2014
Redox activation of ATM enhances GSNOR translation to sustain mitophagy and tolerance to oxidative stress (2020)

The denitrosylase S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) has been suggested to sustain mitochondrial removal by autophagy (mitophagy), functionally linking S-nitrosylation to cell senescence and aging. In this study, we provide evidence that GSNOR is induced at the translational level in response to hydrogen peroxide and mitochondrial ROS. The use of selective pharmacological inhibitors and siRNA demonstrates that GSNOR induction is an event downstream of the redox-mediated activation of ATM, which in turn phosphorylates and activates CHK2 and p53 as intermediate players of this signaling cascade. The modulation of ATM/GSNOR axis, or the expression of a redox-insensitive ATM mutant influences cell sensitivity to nitrosative and oxidative stress, impairs mitophagy and affects cell survival. Remarkably, this interplay modulates T-cell activation, supporting the conclusion that GSNOR is a key molecular effector of the antioxidant function of ATM and providing new clues to comprehend the pleiotropic effects of ATM in the context of immune function.
A Limited-Memory Quasi-Newton Algorithm for Bound-Constrained Nonsmooth\n Optimization (2016)

We consider the problem of minimizing a continuous function that may be\nnonsmooth and nonconvex, subject to bound constraints. We propose an algorithm\nthat uses the L-BFGS quasi-Newton approximation of the problem's curvature\ntogether with a variant of the weak Wolfe line search. The key ingredient of\nthe method is an active-set selection strategy that defines the subspace in\nwhich search directions are computed. To overcome the inherent shortsightedness\nof the gradient for a nonsmooth function, we propose two strategies. The first\nrelies on an approximation of the $\\epsilon$-minimum norm subgradient, and the\nsecond uses an iterative corrective loop that augments the active set based on\nthe resulting search directions. We describe a Python implementation of the\nproposed algorithm and present numerical results on a set of standard test\nproblems to illustrate the efficacy of our approach.\n
WAVELENGTH DEPENDENCE FOR AMT CROSSLINKING OF pBR322 DNA (1984)

Abstract The wavelength dependence for 4′aminomethyl‐4,5′,8‐trimethylpsoralen crosslinking of a linearized plasmid DNA (pBR322) by narrow band UV‐A light (298–382 nm) has been determined. Maximal levels of crosslinking occurred with light in the 322–346 nm range. Crosslinks were shown to be photoreversible by shorter wavelength photons (298 and 310 nm). The correlation between the wavelength dependence for crosslink formation and the optimal wavelength for most psoralen action spectra further supports the notion that crosslinks are the major lesion responsible for the effectiveness of psoralen plus ultraviolet A therapies.
Products from Basidiomycetes (2001)

The prelims comprise: Introduction Cultivation of Basidiomycetes Primary and Secondary Metabolites from Basidiomycetes—Biosyntheses and Possible Functions Screening Methods Used for the Detection of Potentially Useful Metabolites Bioactive Metabolites from Basidiomycetes Future Perspectives
Moisture Content Evaluation Using Improved High-Tc SQUID-Based Rotating-Sample Magnetometer (2014)

Moisture content evaluated by magnetic signal change measured by rotating-sample magnetometer using high-temperature superconductor superconducting quantum interference device (HTS-SQUID) was investigated. To realize highly sensitive measurement of moisture content, an improvement in signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio of the previously developed magnetometer was examined. To increase the S/N ratio, the sample case with short width along the sample's movement direction was employed. By reducing the sample case width, the obtained magnetic signal intensity increased, and the frequency component of magnetic signal shifted toward high frequencies, leading to the low magnetic field noise range measurements. Using the improved magnetometer, the moisture content of silica gel was measured, and the magnetic signal intensity increased as the amount of water in the silica gel increased. Therefore, we propose a high-sensitivity, noncontact, and nondestructive method for moisture content evaluation using rotating-sample magnetometer.
Microcontact Printing of Lipophilic Self-Assembled Monolayers for the Attachment of Biomimetic Lipid Bilayers to Surfaces (1999)

This paper presents a novel method for supporting planar lipid bilayers using microcontact printed lipophilic self-assembled monolayers, in such a way as to retain their capacity to support biological functionality. Impedance spectroscopy, surface plasmon resonance, and atomic force microscopy are used to monitor the formation and investigate the properties of the supported bilayers. In addition, we show that the antibiotic peptide gramicidin and the ionophore valinomycin exhibit the expected ion selectivity. Finally, scanning force microscopy measurements show surface friction changes following bilayer formation. Chemically modified tips were used to obtain information about both the energy of the surface (hydrophobic/hydrophilic nature) and the mechanical properties of the surface.
Simultaneous segmentation and classification of multichannel immuno-fluorescently labeled confocal microscopy images using deep convolutional neural networks (2018)

The feasibility of localizing, segmenting, and classifying individual cells in multi-channel confocal microscopy images is highly dependent on image quality. In certain applications, with good image quality, the segmentation can be trivial and accomplished via thresholding, watershed, or a collection of other well-established and studied heuristics; however, at the limit of poor image quality and complex image features, these techniques fail. It is at this limit that deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) approaches excel. Our research studies the interaction of individual immune cells and their shape changes relative to inflammatory immune reactions<sup>1</sup> using multi-channel immunofluorescence imaging of renal biopsies from patients with inflammatory kidney disease. We present here a deep learning methodology for application to nuclear and cell membrane immunofluorescent stains to automatically segment and classify multiple T-cell and dendritic cell types. With both T-cells and dendritic cells segmented, we are able to study how T-cells with different surface antigens change shape with proximity to dendritic cells. Shape changes are seen when T-cells move close to dendritic cells and interact. We use a sliding window, max-filtering DCNN to segment and classify 3 cell types from 6 image stains channels within a single DCNN. This DCNN maintains images at original resolution throughout the network using dilated convolutions and max-filtering in place of max pooling layers. In addition, we use 3D convolution kernels with two spatial dimensions and one channel dimension. This allows us to output a multi-class binary classification based on multichannel data at the original image resolution. We trained and validated the network across 24 patients with 8,572 segmented cells. Our results demonstrate a mean Dice-Sorensen score of 0.78 +/- 0.18, a mean classification sensitivity of 0.76, and a mean classification specificity of 0.75 across all 3 segmented cell types.
Statistical Issues and Limitations in Personalized Medicine Research with Clinical Trials (2012)

We discuss using clinical trial data to construct and evaluate rules that use baseline covariates to assign different treatments to different patients. Given such a candidate personalization rule, we first note that its performance can often be evaluated without actually applying the rule to subjects, and a class of estimators is characterized from a statistical efficiency standpoint. We also point out a recently noted reduction of the rule construction problem to a classification task and extend results in this direction. Together these facts suggest a natural form of cross-validation in which a personalized medicine rule can be constructed from clinical trial data using standard classification tools and then evaluated in a replicated trial. Because replication is often required by the FDA to provide evidence of safety and efficacy before pharmaceutical drugs can be marketed, there are abundant data with which to explore the potential benefits of more tailored therapy. We constructed and evaluated personalized medicine rules using simulations based on two active-controlled randomized clinical trials of antibacterial drugs for the treatment of skin and skin structure infections. Unfortunately we present negative results that did not suggest benefit from personalization. We discuss the implications of this finding and why statistical approaches to personalized medicine problems will often face difficult challenges.
20000G shock energy harvesters for gun-fired munition (2016)

This paper presents a 20000G shock energy harvester dedicated to gun-fired munitions and based on a mass-spring resonant structure coupled to a coil-magnet electromagnetic converter. The 20000G shock energy is firstly stored in the spring as elastic potential energy, released as mass-spring mechanical oscillations right after the shock and finally converted into electricity thanks to the coil-magnet transducer. The device has been modeled, sized to generate 200mJ in 150ms, manufactured and tested in a gun-fired munition. The prototype sizes 117cm3 and weighs 370g. 210mJ have been generated in a test bench and 140mJ in real conditions; this corresponds to a mean output power of 0.93W (7.9mW/cm3) and a maximum output power of 4.83W (41.3mW/cm3) right after the shock.
SMUG1 Promotes Telomere Maintenance through Telomerase RNA Processing (2019)

Telomerase biogenesis is a complex process where several steps remain poorly understood. Single-strand-selective uracil-DNA glycosylase (SMUG1) associates with the DKC1-containing H/ACA ribonucleoprotein complex, which is essential for telomerase biogenesis. Herein, we show that SMUG1 interacts with the telomeric RNA component (hTERC) and is required for co-transcriptional processing of the nascent transcript into mature hTERC. We demonstrate that SMUG1 regulates the presence of base modifications in hTERC, in a region between the CR4/CR5 domain and the H box. Increased levels of hTERC base modifications are accompanied by reduced DKC1 binding. Loss of SMUG1 leads to an imbalance between mature hTERC and its processing intermediates, leading to the accumulation of 3'-polyadenylated and 3'-extended intermediates that are degraded in an EXOSC10-independent RNA degradation pathway. Consequently, SMUG1-deprived cells exhibit telomerase deficiency, leading to impaired bone marrow proliferation in Smug1-knockout mice.
Digestive cancer management in Asia: Position statements: A report on GI Oncology Summit in 2011 (2012)

The management of GI cancer should be an integrated multi-disciplinary approach and training for GI cancer therapists should be provided for.
Wearable Active Antenna Modules for Energy-Efficient Reliable Off-Body Communication Systems (2016)

The term off-body wireless communication identifies a particular type of wireless communication that is performed between the human body and any device in the external world. The use of multiple wearable textile antennas was proven to be an effective technique to counter the negative effects of channel fluctuation, that is, to increase reliability or, equivalently, energy efficiency. This chapter overviews the different state-of-the-art techniques and devices, capable of improving reliability - or equivalently power efficiency - of body-centric wireless communication systems. In diversity and, more generally, Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) communication systems, the different available replicas of the signals are processed using several techniques, aiming at the mitigation of errors on the received data stream. The chapter presents a comprehensive design paradigm for the design of energy-efficient active wearable antennas, based on the combination of circuit and full-wave optimization.
Efficient Electroluminescence from Tris(4-methyl-8-quinolinolato)aluminum(III) (1997)

Abstract A green-light-emitting aluminum complex, tris(4-methyl-8-quinolinolato)Al (III) (Almq3), was synthesized and used as an emitter material in organic electroluminescent (EL) devices. The device structure of glass substrate / indium-tin oxide / tetraphenyldiamine derivative / Almq3 / Mg:Ag was employed. The EL device exhibited efficient green light originating from Almq3 with a maximum luminance of 26000 cd/m2 at 14 volt. The maximum external quantum efficiency was 2.5% photons / electron.
Computer-Based Exercises for Signal Processing Using Matlab (1994)

From the Publisher:

Presents many computer-based problems that can be done in conjunction with a course in DSP theory.

Projects relate to practical systems and implementations so the reader can learn and understand how DSP is applied.

Includes projects and exercises, which make full use of the power of MATLAB v5 to explore conceptual, analytical, and computational issues in digital signal processing.
Many projects provide hints to introduce pitfalls, limitations and tricks for getting the most out of MATLAB v5.
Discusses both the power and limitations of MATLAB v5 functions and regularly explores the issue of using built-in functions versus developing code to solve problems.
Exercises consistently reinforce important problem solving behaviors, such as verifying results, experimenting with parameters as a means of building understanding and intuition, exploring the realism of formulations, comparing theoretical and numerical or measured results, and developing predictions and then comparing them to actual results.
Conductive distributed Bragg reflector fabricated by oblique angle deposition from a single material (2007)

Oblique angle deposition allows the fabrication of nano-structured porous thin films of high optical quality. By selecting the incident angle, the porosity - and thereby, the refractive index - of the deposited film can be tuned to a specific desired value. This makes it possible to fabricate multi-layer optical thin film components consisting entirely of a single material which is chosen for its properties other than refractive index, such as optical absorption or conductivity. As an application for this technique we demonstrate a conductive distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) designed for 460 nm. Common material choices in this wavelength range are SiO<sub>2</sub> and TiO<sub>2</sub>; however, both materials are insulating. Conductive DBRs are limited to epitaxially grown doped semiconductors, which generally have low index contrast. The DBR reported here is composed entirely of indium tin oxide (ITO), chosen for its conductivity and low absorption. By varying the deposition angle a refractive index contrast of &Delta;<i>n</i> = 0.4 is achieved, which yields a measured reflectivity of 72.7% for a three-period low-porosity-ITO/high-porosity-ITO DBR. The reflectivity is in excellent agreement with theory.
Effects on complement activation and cytokine (TNF‐α and IL‐8) release of infusion of anti‐TNF‐antibodies or a xanthine derivative (HWA 138) in septic baboons (1996)

Infusion of anti-TNF-antibody before E coli infusion will decrease the formation of IL-8. Infusion of HWA 138 before the E coli infusion will also inhibit the formation of TNF-alpha.
Genome-wide association study identifies eight risk loci and implicates metabo-psychiatric origins for anorexia nervosa (2019)

Characterized primarily by a low body-mass index, anorexia nervosa is a complex and serious illness<sup>1</sup>, affecting 0.9-4% of women and 0.3% of men<sup>2-4</sup>, with twin-based heritability estimates of 50-60%<sup>5</sup>. Mortality rates are higher than those in other psychiatric disorders<sup>6</sup>, and outcomes are unacceptably poor<sup>7</sup>. Here we combine data from the Anorexia Nervosa Genetics Initiative (ANGI)<sup>8,9</sup> and the Eating Disorders Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC-ED) and conduct a genome-wide association study of 16,992 cases of anorexia nervosa and 55,525 controls, identifying eight significant loci. The genetic architecture of anorexia nervosa mirrors its clinical presentation, showing significant genetic correlations with psychiatric disorders, physical activity, and metabolic (including glycemic), lipid and anthropometric traits, independent of the effects of common variants associated with body-mass index. These results further encourage a reconceptualization of anorexia nervosa as a metabo-psychiatric disorder. Elucidating the metabolic component is a critical direction for future research, and paying attention to both psychiatric and metabolic components may be key to improving outcomes.