gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Review: Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish and other aquatic organisms from Karachi Coast, Pakistan (2021)

Abstract. Yousif RA, Choudhary MI, Ahmed S, Ahmed Q. 2020. Review: Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish and other aquatic organisms from Karachi Coast, Pakistan. Nusantara Bioscience 13: 74-85. Heavy metals are being utilized in a variety of ways in industries, agriculture, food processing and household in many forms. Metals are unique environmental and industrial pollutants in the sense that they are neither created nor destroyed by human beings but are only transported and transformed into various products. The present study deals with the findings of various investigators on the effect of heavy metals on fish and other aquatic organisms on Karachi coasts of Pakistan. The polluted areas (Rivers and Karachi coasts) receiving effluents from industrial, agricultural, municipal and domestic wastes. The order of abundance of the metals were as fellow; Fe &gt; Zn &gt; Cu &gt; Mn &gt; Cd &gt; Pb &gt; Cr &gt; Ni &gt; Hg &gt; As. Most studies showed that essential metals (Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn) in aquatic organisms are much high, but the quantities of non-essential metals are found to be less. This review has shown that fish and other aquatic organisms are used as bio-monitoring species in heavy metal pollution. It is suggested that such investigations should be continuous in terms of both human health and determination of metal pollution in aquatic environment.
Results of clot waveform analysis and thrombin generation test for a plasma‐derived factor VIIa and X mixture (MC710) in haemophilia patients with inhibitors—phase I trial: 2nd report (2012)

We reported the results of a clinical pharmacological study of MC710 (a mixture of plasma-derived FVIIa and FX) in haemophilia patients with inhibitors during a non-haemorrhagic state. This report provides the results of a clot waveform analysis (CWA) and thrombin generation test (TGT) using blood samples obtained in this study. CWA and TGT were conducted using blood samples obtained from a pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study in which MC710 (five dose rates: 20, 40, 80, 100 and 120 μg kg(-1)) was compared with NovoSeven (120 μg kg(-1)) and FEIBA (two dose rates: 50 and 75 U kg(-1)) as control drugs in 11 haemophilia patients with inhibitors without haemorrhagic symptoms. CWA showed that MC710 provided significantly greater improvement than the control drugs in activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) at 80 μg kg(-1); maximum clot velocity and maximum clot acceleration were more enhanced by MC710 than by control drugs. TGT revealed that MC710 significantly shortened the initiation time of thrombin generation in comparison to FEIBA and induced greater thrombin generation potency than NovoSeven. It was not clear whether or not MC710 caused significant dose-dependent changes in the two measurements; however, differences between MC710 and the control drugs were clarified. MC710 was confirmed to have superior coagulation activity and thrombin productivity and is expected to have superior bypassing activity.
The effect of passaging in liquid media and storage onMycobacterium bovisâ BCG growth capacity and infectivity (2004)

The effect of successive cultures--undergoing or not cycles of freezing, storage and thawing--on the growth curves of the Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) Moreau strain and a recombinant-BCG (rBCG) vaccine preparation were evaluated. The results showed that both strains going through three rounds of freezing and thawing were not able to grow efficiently in the third stage of liquid culture. This effect and also long-term frozen storage appeared to be more preeminent in cultures that had been harvested at 0.8 optical density (OD at 600 nm) prior to freezing and storage, as in comparison to their 0.4 OD counterparts. Altogether, the data suggest that cultures inoculated with samples harvested at lower OD are less sensitive to the limiting effects of serial cultivation, regardless of being BCG or rBCG. Successive cultivations without freezing and thawing also affect growth of BCG culture inoculated with cells at later exponential phase (0.8 OD). Finally, macrophage infectivity with BCG cells from the third growth passage was significantly lower than from the first passage. These results draw attention to the importance of using fresh, low-passage and/or growth and infection capacity-controlled vaccine stocks for the evaluation of strains of BCG or rBCG.
A New Synthesis of α-Phenylhomoallylnitriles from β-Nitrostyrene and Allylic Silanes (1986)

Abstract TiCl4-catalyzed addition of allylic silanes to β-nitrostyrene affords γ,δ-unsaturated nitronates which, on treatment with low valent titanium in situ generated from Ti(IV) and zinc, are smoothly converted to γ,δ-unsaturated nitriles in moderate yields.
Sternoklavikulargelenk-Resektion und Stabilisierung (1998)

In der Literatur ist die Resektion der medialen Klavikula bei einem nach posterior luxierten Sternoklavikulargelenk erstmals 1832 durch Sir Astley Cooper dokumentiert. Seither wurden zahlreiche Beschreibungen verschiedener Operationsverfahren zur Behandlung des instabilen oder degenerierten Sternoklavikulargelenks veröffentlicht (Lowman 1928, Bankart 1938, Burrows 1951, Brown 1961, Orner 1967, Booth und Roper 1979, Grassi et al. 1993). Am häufigsten treten symptomatische Veränderungen des Sternoklavikulargelenks im Rahmen von Erkrankungen wie posttraumatische Arthrose, postmenopausale Arthrose, rheumatoide Arthritis, rheumatoide Spondylitis, Sklerodermie, Morbus Reiter, Psoriasis, Polymyalgia rheumatica, Gicht, metastasierendes Karzinom, sklerosierende Osteomyelitis und sternoklavikuläre Hyperostose (Rockwood 1990, Wirth und Rockwood 1992) auf.
Supplementary Table 1 from Pivotal Role of Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Anthracycline Chemotherapy of Established Tumors (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from Pivotal Role of Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Anthracycline Chemotherapy of Established Tumors
Reduced Self-Reactivity of an Autoreactive T Cell After Activation with Cross-reactive Non–Self-Ligand (2002)

Autoreactive CD4+ T lymphocytes are critical to the induction of autoimmune disease, but because of the degenerate nature of T cell receptor (TCR) activation such receptors also respond to other ligands. Interaction of autoreactive T cells with other non–self-ligands has been shown to activate and expand self-reactive cells and induce autoimmunity. To understand the effect on the autoreactivity of naive cross-reactive T cells of activation with a potent nonself ligand, we have generated a TCR transgenic mouse which expresses a TCR with a broad cross-reactivity to a number of ligands including self-antigen. The activation of naive transgenic recombination activating gene (Rag)2−/− T cells with a potent non–self-ligand did not result in a enhancement of reactivity to self, but made these T cells nonresponsive to the self-ligand and anti-CD3, although they retained a degree of responsiveness to the non–self-ligand. These desensitized cells had many characteristics of anergic T cells. Interleukin (IL)-2 production was selectively reduced compared with interferon (IFN)-γ. p21ras activity was reduced and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was relatively spared, consistent with known biochemical characteristics of anergy. Surprisingly, calcium fluxes were also affected and the anergic phenotype could not be reversed by exogenous IL-2. Therefore, activation with a hyperstimulating non–self-ligand changes functional specificity of an autoreactive T cell without altering the TCR. This mechanism may preserve the useful reactivity of peripheral T cells to foreign antigen while eliminating responses to self.
Predistortion of Digital RF PWM Signals Considering Conditional Memory (2015)

The trend in transmitter systems is to move the digital domain closer towards the antenna using digital modulators and drivers to reduce circuit complexity and to save power. A common assumption made is that they are capable of generating ideal pulses and thus do not suffer from analog imperfections. But the output signals of real drivers for high frequency operation are not perfectly rectangular anymore, which leads to distortion lowering the signal quality. In this paper the general properties of high frequency digital driver circuits operating at 2.6 GHz are analyzed and the impact of the different effects is presented. The predistortion of such drivers in the context of digital discrete time RF PWM modulators is studied. It has been found that conventional sample based predistortion can only correct the driver nonlinearity from -29 dBc to -49 dBc for the example considered using a 40 MHz bandwidth signal at 2.6 GHz. Therefore a special predistortion scheme considering the impact of pulses adjacent to the other samples is proposed. The mitigation of effects due to the discrete time nature of the signal is considered and discussed in detail. The capabilities of the proposed predistortion scheme are verified by extensive simulations as well as by measurements. By applying the proposed predistortion concept the spectral quality can be further improved to -66 dBc. In addition different scenarios with limited resolution and a carrier frequency offset are analyzed.
A 1.2-V 250-mW 14-b 100-MS/s Digitally Calibrated Pipeline ADC in 90-nm CMOS (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> This paper describes a digitally calibrated pipeline analog-to-digital converter (ADC) implemented in 90 nm CMOS technology with a 1.2 V supply voltage. A digital background calibration algorithm reduces the linearity requirements in the first stage of the pipeline chain. Range scaling in the first pipeline stage enables a maximal 1.6<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$\ {\rm V}_{\rm pp}$</tex></formula> input signal swing, and a charge-reset switch eliminates ISI-induced distortion. The 14b ADC achieves 73<formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">$~$</tex></formula>dB SNR and 90 dB SFDR at 100 MS/s sampling rate and 250<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$~$</tex></formula>mW power consumption. The 73 dB SNDR performance is maintained within 3 dB up to a Nyquist input frequency and the FOM is 0.68<formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">$~$</tex></formula>pJ per conversion-step. </para>
Detecting and Characterizing A-to-I MicroRNA Editing in Cancer (2021)

RNA editing involves the insertion, deletion or substitution of single nucleotides within a RNA molecule, without altering the DNA sequence. Adenosine to inosine (A-to-I) editing consists of an RNA modification where single adenosines along the RNA sequence are converted into inosines. Such a biochemical transformation is catalyzed by enzymes belonging to the family of adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) and occurs either co- or post-transcriptionally. Initially, the A-to-I RNA editing phenomenon was discovered and studied in messenger RNAs (mRNAs), where it can influence RNA splicing and cause the recoding of codon sequences. The employment of more powerful, high-throughput detection methods has recently revealed that A-to-I editing widely occurs in non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs). MiRNAs are a class of small regulatory non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) acting as translation inhibitors, known to exert relevant roles in controlling cell cycle, proliferation, and cancer development. Indeed, a growing number of recent researches have evidenced the importance of miRNA editing in cancer biology by exploiting various detection and validation methods. Herein, we briefly overview early and currently available A-to-I miRNA editing detection and validation methods and discuss the significance of A-to-I miRNA editing in human cancer.
Thermoplastic starch and glutaraldehyde modified thermoplastic starch foams prepared using supercritical carbon dioxide fluid as a blowing agent (2018)

Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2 ) processed thermoplastic starch (scCO 2 a TPS), cellulose nanofiber (CNF) modified scCO 2 a TPS (scCO 2 a TPS 100 CNF 0.02 ) and glutaraldehyde (GA) modified scCO 2 a TPS 100 CNF 0.02 (scCO 2 a TPS 100 CNF 0.02 GA x ) foams were prepared for the first time using scCO 2 as a blowing agent during their foaming processes. The expansion ratio, cell density, moisture resistance, and compressive strength (σ c ) retention properties of each foam series were considerably improved with increasing scCO 2 pressure during the foaming processes. The expansion ratios and cell densities of each scCO 2 a TPS 100 CNF 0.02 GA x foam series were increased considerably to a maximum value, as the GA content approached an optimum value. The optimal scCO 2 11 TPS 100 CNF 0.02 GA 1.6 foam material exhibited a high expansion ratio and cell density at approximately 50 and approximately 8 × 10 8 cells/cm 3 , respectively. Compared with corresponding aged scCO 2 a TPS and scCO 2 a TPS 100 CNF 0.02 foam specimens, considerably better moisture resistance and σ c retention properties were observed for scCO 2 a TPS 100 CNF 0.02 GA x foam specimens, when they were modified with the corresponding optimum GA content. The moisture resistance and σ c retention for optimal prepared scCO 2 7 TPS 100 CNF 0.02 GA 0.4 , scCO 2 9 TPS 100 CNF 0.02 GA 0.8 and scCO 2 11 TPS 100 CNF 0.02 GA 1.6 foam materials improved further with increasing scCO 2 pressure. Possible reasons accounting for the highly expansion ratio, moisture resistance, and σ c retention properties for scCO 2 a TPS 100 CNF 0.02 GA x foams are presented.
BasConv: Aggregating Heterogeneous Interactions for Basket Recommendation with Graph Convolutional Neural Network (2020)

Within-basket recommendation reduces the exploration time of users, where the user's intention of the basket matters. The intent of a shopping basket can be retrieved from both user-item collaborative filtering signals and multi-item correlations. By defining a basket entity to represent the basket intent, we can model this problem as a basket-item link prediction task in the User-Basket-Item (UBI) graph. Previous work solves the problem by leveraging user-item interactions and item-item interactions simultaneously. However, collectivity and heterogeneity characteristics are hardly investigated before. Collectivity defines the semantics of each node which should be aggregated from both directly and indirectly connected neighbors. Heterogeneity comes from multi-type interactions as well as multi-type nodes in the UBI graph. To this end, we propose a new framework named BasConv, which is based on the graph convolutional neural network. Our BasConv model has three types of aggregators specifically designed for three types of nodes. They collectively learn node embeddings from both neighborhood and high-order context. Additionally, the interactive layers in the aggregators can distinguish different types of interactions. Extensive experiments on two real-world datasets prove the effectiveness of BasConv.
Structure of Au(111) and Au(100) Single-Crystal Electrode Surfaces at Various Potentials in Sulfuric Acid Solution Determined by In Situ Surface X-ray Scattering (2007)

Potential-dependent surface structures of Au(111) and Au(100) single-crystal electrodes in a 50 mM H2SO4 solution were investigated at an atomic level using in situ surface X-ray scattering (SXS) techniques. It was confirmed that both the Au(111) and Au(100) surfaces were reconstructed with an attached submonolayer of an oxygen species, most probably water, at 0 V (vs Ag/AgCl). Results at +0.95 V supported a previously suggested model for both the Au(111) and the Au(100) electrodes that, based on infrared and scanning tunneling microscopy measurements, the surfaces were a (1 × 1) structure with the coadsorbed sulfate anion and hydronium cation (H3O+). At +1.05 V, where a small amount of an anodic current flowed, adsorption of a monolayer of oxygen species was observed on both surfaces. When the single-crystal gold electrodes were electrochemically oxidized at +1.40 V, the expansion of the gold surface by about one monolayer of Au atoms was observed, suggesting the penetration of oxygen into the surface gold layers (i.e., the formation of two layers of surface oxide). When the surface oxide was reduced at +0.65 V, the surface structure returned back to the structure observed at +0.95 V before the oxide formation (i.e., a (1 × 1) structure with coadsorbed sulfate anion and H3O+). When the potential was reduced to 0 V, the surfaces were reconstructed again but with slightly more random structures than those before the potential cycle.
A3 Adenosine Receptor Activation in Melanoma Cells (2003)

Activation of the Gi protein-coupled A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) has been implicated in the inhibition of melanoma cell growth by deregulating protein kinase A and key components of the Wnt signaling pathway. Receptor activation results in internalization/recycling events that play an important role in turning on/off receptor-mediated signal transduction pathways. Thus, we hereby examined the association between receptor fate, receptor functionality, and tumor growth inhibition upon activation with the agonist 1-deoxy-1-[6-[[(3-iodophenyl)-methyl]amino]-9H-purine-9-yl]-N-methyl-beta-D-ribofuranuronamide (IB-MECA). Results showed that melanoma cells highly expressed A3AR on the cell surface, which was rapidly internalized to the cytosol and "sorted" to the endosomes for recycling and to the lysosomes for degradation. Receptor distribution in the lysosomes was consistent with the down-regulation of receptor protein expression and was followed by mRNA and protein resynthesis. At each stage, receptor functionality was evidenced by the modulation in cAMP level and the downstream effectors protein kinase A, glycogen synthase kinase-3beta, c-Myc, and cyclin D1. The A3AR antagonist MRS 1523 counteracted the internalization process as well as the modulation in the expression of the signaling proteins, demonstrating that the responses are A3AR-mediated. Supporting this notion are the in vivo studies showing tumor growth inhibition upon IB-MECA treatment and reverse of this response when IB-MECA was given in combination with MRS 1523. In addition, in melanoma tumor lesions derived from IB-MECA-treated mice, the expression level A3AR and the downstream key signaling proteins were modulated in the same pattern as was seen in vitro. Altogether, our observations tie the fate of A3AR to modulation of downstream molecular mechanisms leading to tumor growth inhibition both in vitro and in vivo.
La individualización de las relaciones laborales (1994)

SE ANALIZA EL ACTUAL PAPEL QUE LA AUTONOMIA INDIVIDUAL TIENE EN EL SISTEMA DE RELACIONES LABORALES. SE INVESTIGAN LOS SIGUIENTES TEMAS: A) LA FUNCION CONSTITUTIVA DE LA AUTONOMIA INDIVIDUAL. LOS ELEMENTOS ESENCIALES DEL CONTRATO. LA NOVACION, SUSPENSION Y EXTINCION POR MUTUO ACUERDO. B) LA FUNCION REGULADORA DE LA AUTONOMIA INDIVIDUAL, EN RELACION CON LAS POSIBILIDADES QUE OFRECE EL ARTICULO 3.1.C. DEL ESTATUTO DE LOS TRABAJADORES. C) LA FUNCION APLICATIVA DE LA AUTONOMIA INDIVIDUAL: LA INDISPONIBILIDAD DE LOS DERECHOS LABORALES. D) LA DINAMICA DE LA INDIVIDUALIZACION DE LAS RELACIONES LABORALES.
EN LA UNAM, EL NOBEL DE QUÍMICA 2005 (2006)

AL INICIAR LOS FESTEJOS POR EL 90 ANIVERSARIO DE LA FUNDACION DE LA FACULTAD DE QUIMICA, EL PREMIO NOBEL DE QUIMICA 2005, RICHARD R. SCHROCK, OFRECIO LA CONFERENCIA MAGISTRAL MULTIPLE METAL CARBON BONDS FOR CATALYTIC METATHESIS REACTIONS. EN ELLA, DESCRIBIO LOS TRABAJOS DE INVESTIGACION B SICA AL DESARROLLAR UNA REACCION QUIMICA QUE POR SU EFICIENCIA ES EMPLEADA A DIARIO EN LA INDUSTRIA PETROLERA Y LA PRODUCCION DE COMPUESTOS FARMACEUTICOS, COMBUSTIBLES Y MATERIALES PL STICOS. LAS CONTRIBUCIONES DE SCHROCK, QUIEN JUNTO CON EL TAMBIEN ESTADUNIDENSE ROBERT GRUBBS, Y EL FRANCES YVES CHAUVIN LE VALIERON DICHO PREMIO, SON DE GRAN IMPORTANCIA PARA LA INDUSTRIA QUIMICA, PORQUE ABREN NUEVAS OPORTUNIDADES PARA EL EMPLEO DE LAS MOLECULAS SINTETIZADAS QUE SERVIR N PARA LA PRODUCCION INDUSTRIAL DE DIVERSOS PRODUCTOS EN MENOS TIEMPO, A PRECIOS M S BAJOS Y MENOR DANO AL AMBIENTE, PUES FORMAN PARTE DE LA LLAMADA QUIMICA VERDE O ECOLOGICA. RICHARD SCHROCK DETALLO LAS INVESTIGACIONES B SICAS DE INTERACCION DE CIERTOS METALES CON ALGUNOS SUSTRATOS ORG NICOS. ELLO, DIJO, LO LLEVO A ENCONTRAR UNA FAMILIA DE COMPUESTOS QUE PERMITIERON SER APLICADOS PARA LA FORMACION DE NUEVOS PRODUCTOS EN PL STICOS, FEROMONAS Y F RMACOS, ENTRE OTROS. EN LA CEREMONIA, EFECTUADA EN LA SALA MIGUEL COVARRUBIAS DEL CENTRO CULTURAL UNIVERSITARIO, MINUTOS ANTES DE QUE LA PROFESORA EMERITA ESTELA S NCHEZ QUINTANAR HICIERA UNA SEMBLANZA DE LA VIDA ACADEMICA Y PROFESIONAL DE RICHARD SCHROCK, EL TITULAR DE LA FACULTAD, EDUARDO B RZANA GARCIA, SUBRAYO QUE A 90 ANOS DEL INICIO DE LAS FUNCIONES DE LA DEPENDENCIA HOY ESTA ES EL CENTRO EDUCATIVO Y DE INVESTIGACION EN EL RAMO M S GRANDE E IMPORTANTE DE MEXICO. PUNTUALIZO QUE EL TRABAJO QUE SE DESARROLLA EN LA FACULTAD LA RELACIONA DIRECTAMENTE CON EL SECTOR PRODUCTIVO DE LA TRANSFORMACION. ASIMISMO, MANIFESTO SU BENEPL CITO POR LA PRESENCIA DEL PREMIO NOBEL DE QUIMICA 2005 COMO PARTE DEL ANIVERSARIO.
Tnv-1 regulates TP53, SIRT1 and CDKN1A expression levels in TP53 wild-type NSCLC cells. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;A, TP53 wild-type A549 and H460 cells were treated with 10 μM tnv-1 for three days (3 d) and five days (5 d). Levels of SIRT1 and TP53 were determined by Western blot analysis using β-actin as loading control. B and C, NSCLC cells were treated with 10 μM tnv-1 for 72 hours. Sirtuin 1 (B) and p21 (CDKN1A) mRNA expression (C) was determined by real-time PCR and normalized to IPO8 mRNA levels. Error bars, SD.&lt;/p&gt;
Quantum-Efficiency and Bandwidth Optimized Electro-Optic Sampling (2019)

Electro-optic sampling (EOS) allows for field-sensitive detection of optical waveforms in a broad spectral range, extending from the far-infrared (THz) [1, 2] all the way to the near-infrared [3]. Most recently, EOS has been employed for highly sensitive spectroscopy of liquids [4] and gases [5] in the mid-infrared (MIR) molecular fingerprint region, overcoming the notorious limitations of broadband detectors in this spectral range and providing a glance at the potential of this coherent detection scheme for molecular spectroscopy.
Controlled Molecular Weight by the Precipitation Polymerization of 2,6-Dimethylphenol (1995)

Abstract Low molar mass poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene-ether)s (PPE) have been prepared by the precipitation polymerization of 2,6-dimethylphenol (DMP) under the action of a Cu(I)Cl/amine-catalyst and O2. The polymers prepared possess a rather narrow molecular weight distribution (D = 1.7−2.2), and the molecular weight can easily be controlled by adjusting the solvent mixture of 2-propanol and toluene. Molecular weights were determined using 1H-NMR spectroscopy, GPC, and FD-MS, and range from M n = 2700 to 7500 g/mol. No Mannich-basetype endgroups and no incorporation of DPQ (3,5,3′,5′-tetramethyl-4,4′-diphenoquinone) has been detected.
Expanding Orbitrap Collision Cross-Section Measurements to Native Protein Applications Through Kinetic Energy and Signal Decay Analysis (2023)

The measurement of collision cross sections (CCS, σ) offers supplemental information about sizes and conformations of ions beyond mass analysis alone. We have previously shown that CCSs can be determined directly from the time-domain transient decay of ions in an Orbitrap mass analyzer as ions oscillate around the central electrode and collide with neutral gas, thus removing them from the ion packet. Herein, we develop the modified hard collision model, thus deviating from the prior FT-MS hard sphere model, to determine CCSs as a function of center-of-mass collision energy in the Orbitrap analyzer. With this model, we aim to increase the upper mass limit of CCS measurement for native-like proteins, characterized by low charge states and presumed to be in more compact conformations. We also combine CCS measurements with collision induced unfolding and tandem mass spectrometry experiments to monitor protein unfolding and disassembly of protein complexes and measure CCSs of ejected monomers from protein complexes.