gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Smart Small Cell Wake-Up Field Trial: Enhancing End-User Throughput and Network Energy Performance (2015)

Field trial measurements of small cell sleep mode with three different wake-up solutions are presented in this paper. A small heterogeneous LTE test network consisting of one macro base station and four small cells was deployed in Bundang, South Korea. Two UEs, one stationary and one moving, were used in the field trial. The studied solutions were (1) uplink interference based stand-alone small cell activation; (2) macro- assisted load-based small cell activation; and (3) macro-assisted load-based and timing advance-based small cell activation. Solution 1 was evaluated in a scenario where the same frequency band is used in the macro and small cell layers and the results show that Solution 1 provides an average reduction in energy consumption of 10% as well as a user throughput increase of 24% compared to a reference case without small cell sleep mode. For solutions 2 and 3 different frequency bands were used for the small cells and the macro layer and here the energy reduction gains were 16% and 23% respectively while the increase in user throughput was 28% and 51% respectively.
Keep it SMPL: Automatic Estimation of 3D Human Pose and Shape from a\n Single Image (2016)

We describe the first method to automatically estimate the 3D pose of the\nhuman body as well as its 3D shape from a single unconstrained image. We\nestimate a full 3D mesh and show that 2D joints alone carry a surprising amount\nof information about body shape. The problem is challenging because of the\ncomplexity of the human body, articulation, occlusion, clothing, lighting, and\nthe inherent ambiguity in inferring 3D from 2D. To solve this, we first use a\nrecently published CNN-based method, DeepCut, to predict (bottom-up) the 2D\nbody joint locations. We then fit (top-down) a recently published statistical\nbody shape model, called SMPL, to the 2D joints. We do so by minimizing an\nobjective function that penalizes the error between the projected 3D model\njoints and detected 2D joints. Because SMPL captures correlations in human\nshape across the population, we are able to robustly fit it to very little\ndata. We further leverage the 3D model to prevent solutions that cause\ninterpenetration. We evaluate our method, SMPLify, on the Leeds Sports,\nHumanEva, and Human3.6M datasets, showing superior pose accuracy with respect\nto the state of the art.\n
Sequence Dependent Behavior of Amphiphilic β-Peptides on Gold Surfaces (2007)

We describe the formation of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold by helical β-peptides and show that β-peptide sequence can determine whether or not the SAM displays internal order. β-Peptide sequence isomers were designed either to be globally amphiphilic (GA), i.e., to display segregated hydrophilic and lipophilic surface patches, or to display an even distribution of hydrophilic and lipophilic side chains (iso-GA). These isomers were compared in terms of two-dimensional self-assembly on a gold surface. β-Peptides derivatized with 3-mercapto-propionic acid, termed GA-SH and iso-GA-SH, display an N-terminal thiol for formation of gold-sulfur bonds. Comparison of ellipsometry measurements and the Amide I /Amide II ratios from infrared spectroscopy indicates that interactions between globally amphiphilic β-peptide molecules dictate the organization of the SAM formed from GA-SH. In contrast, the non-globally amphiphilic isomer iso-GA-SH formed a disordered monolayer. Comparison of the IR data for GA-SH and an analogue lacking a terminal thiol group, GA-NH2, suggests that thiol-mediated chemisorption to the gold surface is not required for organization but facilitates the concentration of β-peptides at the surface. These studies suggest that sequence control among β-peptides is important for generating an ordered monolayer. Because the helices formed by appropriately designed β-peptides are more stable than helices formed by α-peptides, we suggest that β-peptide SAMs provide an avenue to the rational engineering of surfaces in which chemical groups are presented in precise and predictable arrangements.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New 3,4‐Disubstituted Pyrrolidines as Thromboxane A2/ Prostaglandin H2 (TP) Receptor Antagonists. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Thoracoabdominal aorta in Marfan syndrome: MR imaging findings of progression of vasculopathy after surgical repair. (1997)

A subset of patients with Marfan syndrome manifested multiple forms of vasculopathy, including progressive aortic dilation, dissection, and peripheral artery aneurysm after composite aortic graft repair of the ascending aorta. Patients with these characteristics merit more frequent MR follow-up since further surgery was often necessary in these individuals.
Chain Melting In Alkanethiol Protected Nano-Metal Clusters And Layered Thiolates (2010)

Dynamics in alkanethiol‐protected silver based nano‐metal clusters and layered thiolates are studied by quasielastic neutron scattering studies particularly to investigate the melting charactersitics. The dynamics of the chains in the melt state has been modeled in which each hydrogen atom in the chain undergoes localized translational diffusion around the carbon atom generating a sphere of increasing diameter along the chain with minimum at the end where it is connected to the metal surface and increases linearly to a maximum at the other end. The diameters are estimated from the extracted elastic incoherent structure factor. Associated diffusion constants within these spheres are estimated from the width of the quasielastic components.
Photo-embossed Surface Relief Structures with an Increased Aspect Ratio by Addition of Kinetic Interfering Compounds (2009)

The aspect ratio of photo-embossed relief structures has been improved significantly by addition of a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agent, typically used for controlled radical polymerization in particular of acrylate monomers. The increase is independent of the atmospheric conditions since oxygen inhibition hardly occurs, which represents a major advantage for industrial applications of photo-embossing. The aspect ratio could be improved due to the controlled acrylate polymerization upon addition of a RAFT agent and increased by a factor of almost 10. The insensitivity to oxygen inhibition is related to the ability of the RAFT agents to form stable radicals.
Suppression of Green Luminescence of Mg‐Ion‐Implanted GaN by Subsequent Implantation of Fluorine Ions at High Temperature (2019)

Herein, gallium nitride (GaN) samples implanted with magnesium (Mg) and fluorine (F) ions are investigated by photoluminescence (PL) measurements. In low‐temperature PL measurements, the characteristic green luminescence (GL) band attributable to nitrogen vacancies ( V N ) is observed in Mg‐ion‐implanted GaN. As V N are likely to act as donors, suppressing their formation is essential to realizing p‐type conductivity. The energy required for a F impurity to replace V N in GaN and eventually form F on a N site decreases when the Fermi level approaches the valence band maximum, and therefore F is employed as a subsequent implantation element to compensate for V N . The GL band peak disappears upon implanting Mg and F ions at a high temperature and adjusting the F concentration to an appropriate value. This result suggests that V N generated by Mg ion implantation can be suppressed using an element with a lower formation energy than that of V N .
Cardiovascular risk and fitness in veteran football players (2015)

Veteran football players above 40 years have rarely been subject to scientific investigations. This is worrisome because their number is considerable and their cardiovascular risk probably increased. Therefore, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 100 football players between 40 and 63 years of age. This included a medical history and physical examination, venous blood sampling, measurement of resting blood pressure, a resting electrocardiogram (ECG), an exhaustive cycle ergometry and a multistage field test. Also, measurements of heart rate and blood lactate concentration were carried out during one typical training session and one match. Participants trained 1.0 ± 0.6 sessions per week and played 27 ± 8 matches per season. Of them, 19% were smokers. Resting blood pressure was 138 ± 15/88 ± 8 mmHg. Hypertension prevalence (WHO definition) was 66%. Total cholesterol averaged 220 ± 41 mg . dl(-1), HDL 46 ± 13 mg . dl(-1) and LDL 134 ± 33 mg . dl(-1). The average 10-year risk for cardiovascular events (Framingham score) was 6%. Mean maximal power output on the cycle ergometer was 2.8 ± 0.6 W . kg(-1), mean VO2peak 40.0 ± 7.3 ml . min(-1) . kg(-1). Comparing training and competition, no significant differences in cardiovascular and metabolic load were found. In summary, their cardiovascular risk was similar to age-adjusted reference values. However, they showed slightly better ergometric performance. More frequent training stimuli might be necessary to reach more favourable risk factor profiles. Training and competition lead to similar cardiocirculatory and metabolic stress which is considerably high and might put players into danger who have pre-existing cardiac disease.
Vascular Leak in a Rat Model of Preeclampsia (2009)

We propose that MBG is involved in the production of a 'vascular leak' in our rat model of preeclampsia.
VitaminA (2015)

An overview of vitamin A from its use in ancient times to structural elucidation in the 1930s and commercially important retinoids and carotenoids is presented and their physical and chemical properties are discussed. The current industrial syntheses of vitamin A as well as the syntheses of β‐carotene are compared and contrasted. Biological aspects of vitamin A and β‐carotene in animal and plant systems are reviewed as well as important dietary sources of these substances.
Mechanics and tribology of MEMS materials. (2004)

Micromachines have the potential to significantly impact future weapon component designs as well as other defense, industrial, and consumer product applications. For both electroplated (LIGA) and surface micromachined (SMM) structural elements, the influence of processing on structure, and the resultant effects on material properties are not well understood. The behavior of dynamic interfaces in present as-fabricated microsystem materials is inadequate for most applications and the fundamental relationships between processing conditions and tribological behavior in these systems are not clearly defined. We intend to develop a basic understanding of deformation, fracture, and surface interactions responsible for friction and wear of microelectromechanical system (MEMS) materials. This will enable needed design flexibility for these devices, as well as strengthen our understanding of material behavior at the nanoscale. The goal of this project is to develop new capabilities for sub-microscale mechanical and tribological measurements, and to exercise these capabilities to investigate material behavior at this size scale.
Anti-Estrogens Induce Apoptosis of Multiple Myeloma Cells (1998)

Previous studies have suggested that multiple myeloma (MM) cells express estrogen receptors (ER). In the present study, we characterized the effects of estrogen agonists and antagonists (anti-estrogens [AE]) on growth of MM cell lines and MM patient cells. In addition to antagonizing estrogen binding to ER, AE can trigger apoptosis. Hence, we also determined whether estrogens or AE altered MM cell survival. Immunoblotting showed that ER- is expressed in 4 of 5 MM cell lines (ARH-77, RPMI 8226, S6B45, and U266, but not OCI-My-5 cells), as well as in freshly isolated MM cells from 3 of 3 patients. 17β-estradiol (E2) did not significantly alter proliferation of MM cell lines or MM patient cells. In contrast, two structurally distinct AE, tamoxifen (TAM) and ICI 182,780 (ICI), significantly inhibited the proliferation of all 5 MM cell lines and MM cells from 2 of 2 patients (IC50, 2 to 4 μmol/L). Proliferation of these cell lines was also inhibited by the hydroxylated TAM derivative, 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4HTAM), although this derivative was less potent than TAM (IC50, 3 to 25 μmol/L). In contrast, the dehalogenated TAM derivative toremifene (TOR) did not inhibit MM cell proliferation. We next examined the effects of these agents on MM cell survival. TAM, ICI, and, to a lesser extent, 4HTAM and TOR triggered apoptosis in both ER-–positive as well as ER-–negative MM cell lines and patient MM cells, evidenced both by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis using propidium iodide staining and the TUNEL assay. TAM-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis of ER-–positive S6B45 MM cells was not blocked by coculture with excess E2. TAM-induced apoptosis of S6B45 MM cells was also unaffected by addition of exogenous interleukin-6. Importantly, both the inhibition of MM cell proliferation and the induction of MM cell apoptosis were achieved at concentrations of TAM (0.5 and 5.0 μmol/L) that did not significantly alter in vitro growth of normal hematopoietic progenitor cells. Similar plasma levels of TAM have been achieved using high-dose oral TAM therapy, with an acceptable toxicity profile. These studies therefore provide the rationale for trials to define the utility of AE therapy in MM. © 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.
Registry report on prediction by Pocock cardiovascular score of cerebral microemboli acutely following carotid endarterectomy (2018)

These findings demonstrate that the Pocock score could be used as a clinical tool to identify patients at high risk of developing acute postoperative microemboli.
High power microwave science (2014)

Summary form only given. High power microwave (HPM) sources are hypoband (narrowband) coherent sources of electromagnetic radiation that have been under development for nearly 50 years. These sources are an outgrowth of the development of modern pulsed power. Such sources are intense, high perveance, relativistic electron beam-driven vacuum electron devices that follow a power-frequency scaling governed by Pf <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> (power times frequency squared). This presentation reviews historical developments in high power microwave science and describes the present state-of-the-art in the field, which is now being intensively researched in over a dozen countries. Recent trends in development will be presented, while acknowledging the important contributions heralded by Dr. Barker.
Preclinical Comparison of Al18F- and 68Ga-Labeled Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor Antagonists for PET Imaging of Prostate Cancer (2014)

JMV5132 could be rapidly and efficiently labeled with (18)F. Al(18)F-JMV5132, (68)Ga-JMV5132, and (68)Ga-JMV4168 all showed comparable high and specific accumulation in GRPR-positive PC-3 tumors. These new PET tracers are promising candidates for future clinical translation.
Innovative Tumor Tissue Dissection Tool for Molecular Oncology Diagnostics (2021)

Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue is the most commonly used material for tumor molecular profiling, therapy selection, and prognostication. Tumor tissue enrichment by tissue dissection is highly recommended to generate quality data reproducibly for use in downstream assays, such as real-time PCR and next-generation sequencing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the automated tissue dissection tool AVENIO Millisect System compared with a manual dissection method using 18 FFPE tissue specimens. The study assessed performance of these two methods with paraffinized and deparaffinized sections at 5- and 10-μm thickness as well as at low (5% to 10%) and high (>50%) tumor content. In addition, compatibility with various nucleic acid and protein extraction methods was assessed. Overall, dissection by Millisect resulted in statistically significantly higher yields of nucleic acids and protein compared with manual dissection (P = 0.00524). In downstream analysis on a statistically nonpowered sample set, EGFR mutation testing by PCR led to highly concordant results, and next-generation sequencing testing yielded significantly higher allelic frequencies when tissue was dissected by Millisect compared with manual scraping, demonstrating noninferiority of the automated method. In summary, the AVENIO Millisect System may replace manual labor and support automation of FFPE tumor tissue workflows in clinical molecular laboratories with high testing volumes with adequate validation.
Hamiltonian p-cycles for fiber-level protection in homogeneous and semi-homogeneous optical networks (2004)

Recently there has been interest in DWDM-based optical networks that are assumed to employ exactly two working fibers uniformly on every span (or "link"). At the fiber level such networks are referred to as homogeneous networks. An interesting and highly efficient strategy for protection of such networks is to use a single dark-fiber p-cycle formed on a Hamiltonian cycle (if it exists). We show that in a homogeneous Hamiltonian network, a Hamiltonian p-cycle is the most efficient overall solution, although interestingly it does not always correspond to the individually most efficient p-cycle that can be formed. We also consider p-cycle planning in non-Hamiltonian but homogeneous networks and introduce the concept of a semi-homogenous network, specifically linked to the p-cycle concept. The proposed semi-homogeneous class of network actually realizes the theoretical lower bound on span-restorable networks in terms of network redundancy. Such networks also provide a strategy to accommodate certain patterns of capacity growth beyond a homogenous network without any increase in protection capacity. The work also demonstrates and explains why a single Hamiltonian p-cycle is not as efficient as a specifically optimized set of individual p-cycles in a "capacitated" (non-homogeneous) network where the working capacity on each span varies in a general way. These discussions provide new options for DWDM network architecture and also clarify some possible confusions about the applicability of Hamiltonian p-cycles and generalized sets of p-cycles.
Use of Oligonucleotide Arrays to Analyze Drug Toxicity (2000)

A bstract : The advent of oligonucleotide arrays allows the simultaneous analysis of the expression of thousands of genes. This powerful technology, highly dependent on advanced analysis tools, can transform the level of information currently available on the mechanisms underlying drug‐related toxicity. It is now possible to analyze the global transcriptional response to a drug and determine the global pathways associated with the effects of this agent. This analysis can be performed on samples from patients that developed a toxic effect, on cells exposed to the toxic agent, and in animal models of toxicity. Especially useful is the comparison of transcriptional responses in animals susceptible to drug‐induced disease with those of genetically modified animals that are resistant to this effect. This analytic strategy allows the delineation of specific mechanisms relevant and specific to drug‐induced toxicity and thus might lead to novel therapeutic interventions in these toxic reactions.
Performance of the Acid-Gas Anaerobic Digestion Process for Minimization of Siloxane and Hydrogen Sulfide in the Biogas (2012)

Performance of the Acid-Gas Anaerobic Digestion Process for Minimization of Siloxane and Hydrogen Sulfide in the BiogasDuring anaerobic sludge digestion, organosilicon compounds volatilize, enter the gas recovery stream, and are oxidized to microcrystalline silicon dioxide causing significant damage to energy infrastructure. This research investigated the effect of acid-gas anaerobic digestion on the behavior of the volatilization of these organosilicon compounds, particularly octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) and...Author(s)Evan C. BowlesJohn T. NovakCharles B. BottSourceProceedings of the Water Environment FederationDocument typeConference PaperPublisherWater Environment FederationPrint publication date Sep, 2012ISSN1938-6478DOI10.2175/193864712811709148Volume / Issue2012 / 11Content sourceWEFTECCopyright2012Word count167
Adaptive Resource Allocation in OFDMA Relay-Aided Cooperative Cellular Networks (2008)

Adaptive resource allocation to exploit multiuser diversity and spacial diversity in OFDMA relay-aided cooperative cellular networks is studied. Assuming that the BS has all the channel state information (CSI), an optimization problem for subcarrier assignment, relay selection and power allocation that maximizes downlink capacity of the system is formulated. Since the optimal solution is complex to obtain, a suboptimal solution dividing the problem into two sub-problems is proposed. Assuming equal power allocation in BS and each relay, the first sub-problem for joint subcarrier assignment and relay selection is a combinatorial optimization problem, for which an iterative algorithm derived from necessary optimality condition is proposed. Given the results from the first sub- problem, the second sub-problem for power allocation becomes a convex optimization problem and can be solved by an iterative method which optimizes the power of BS and each relay separately. Numerical results showed that two iterative algorithms can converge in reasonable steps and achieve significant improvement on system capacity due to two diversity schemes and power fully exploited.
Increase of sensitivity to aminoglycoside antibiotics by polyamine-induced protein (oligopeptide-binding protein) in Escherichia coli (1992)

The sensitivity of Escherichia coli to several aminoglycoside antibiotics was examined with E. coli DR112 transformed by the gene for polyamine-induced protein (oligopeptide-binding [OppA] protein) or polyamine transport proteins. The results clearly showed that sensitivity to aminoglycoside antibiotics (gentamicin, isepamicin, kanamycin, neomycin, paromomycin, and streptomycin) increased due to the highly expressed OppA protein. When the gene for OppA protein was deleted, sensitivity to aminoglycoside antibiotics was greatly decreased. It was also shown that isepamicin could bind to OppA protein with a binding affinity constant of 8.5 x 10(3) M-1 under the ionic conditions of 50 mM K+ and 1 mM Mg2+ at pH 7.5, and isepamicin uptake into cells was greatly stimulated by the OppA protein. These results, taken together, show that the OppA protein increases the uptake of aminoglycoside antibiotics. In addition, the OppA protein increased the transport of spermidine and an oligopeptide (Gly-Leu-Tyr). The uptake of isepamicin into cells was partially inhibited by spermidine, suggesting that the binding site for isepamicin overlaps that for spermidine on the OppA protein. Spermidine uptake activity by the OppA protein was less than 1% of that of the ordinary spermidine uptake system. Aminoglycoside antibiotics neither stimulated the synthesis of OppA protein nor increased spermidine uptake.
Adsorption of the trimethylamine adduct of aluminium hydride on silicon oxide (1992)

X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and static secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SSIMS) studies of surface adsorbed H3AINMe3 on a SiO2 substrate support molecular adsorption, most likely as a five coordinate species, H3AINMe3(O), and an aluminium rich species (Al : N 2 : 1) sensitive to the amount of exposure to the vapour; ab initio molecular orbital calculations on H3AINH3 and H2O gave formation of H3AINH3(OH2) as energetically favoured by 4.53 kcal mol–1, and fragmentation of H3AINH3(OH2) to H3AIOH2 and NH3 requiring 13.16 kcal mol–1(1 cal = 4.184 J).