gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reduction of Salmonella choleraesuis contamination in pork carcasses by vaccination (2003)

Salmonellosis is a common clinical and subclinical infection of pigs. The species adapted serovar S choleraesuis predominantly produces a septicemic disease in swine. Disease in other species, including humans, is rare compared to enteric type infections from non host adapted serovars such as S typhimurium. However, when host adapted serovars infect alternate species, disease can be severe. Vaccination with an avirulent live S choleraesuis vaccine, Enterisol® SC-54, significantly reduces prevalence and quantity of infection in pigs. Additionally, those pigs that remain culture positive have two logs or more reduction in the quantity of S choleraesuis present. Vaccination of pigs as young as one day of age is successful. Where these infections are of concern in the human population, vaccination of pigs may provide dramatic reductions of the organism swine, reducing risk in food items of swine origin.
A CCA secure cryptosystem using matrices over group rings (2015)

We propose a cryptosystem based on matrices over group rings and claim that it is secure against adaptive chosen ciphertext attack.
Generation of Ultrafast VUV Radiation by Reflection from a Relativistic Ionization Front (1991)

Herein we propose a method of producing short-wavelength radiation, which has the potential to produce optical pulses shorter than any that have been generated to date. This method is based on the process of upshifting light by reflecting it off a moving ionization front. This process has been considered in detail as a method for upshifting microwave radiation 1 . We show that by using an intense femtosecond light pulse to generate an ionization front through multiphoton ionization (MPI), it is possible to upshift a single-cycle far-infrared light pulse into the ultraviolet or vacuum ultraviolet. Since the ionization front created by MPI can be very sharp, the reflection process may add little dispersion to the pulse, making it possible to generate nearly single-cycle light pulses in the VUV. In this paper, we demonstrate that the process is experimentally realizable using the current generation of high energy femtosecond (0.1 Joule in 100 fsec) lasers. We discuss several physics issues unique to the generation of short-wavelength light using this technique. More detailed calculations of multiphoton ionization rates are necessary to determine the reflected pulse energy achievable using this technique, as will be discussed.
Nanolithography by plasmon-based free-radical photopolymerization (2013)

International audience
Discovery of Potent and Selective Periphery-Restricted Quinazoline Inhibitors of the Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase PDE1 (2018)

We disclose the discovery and X-ray cocrystal data of potent, selective quinazoline inhibitors of PDE1. Inhibitor ( S)-3 readily attains free plasma concentrations above PDE1 IC<sub>50</sub> values and has restricted brain access. The racemic compound 3 inhibits >75% of PDE hydrolytic activity in soluble samples of human myocardium, consistent with heightened PDE1 activity in this tissue. These compounds represent promising new tools to probe the value of PDE1 inhibition in the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
Sound-pressure measurements in the cochlear vestibule of human-cadaver ears (1997)

The middle-ear pressure gain for the 50-Hz to 12-kHz range was determined from the ratio of sound pressures measured in the vestibule and the ear canal of four human-cadaver ears. The magnitude of the middle-ear pressure gain is 20 dB for frequencies between 500 Hz and 2 kHz. Above 4 kHz, the gain changes as a function of frequency at a rate of approximately -8 dB/octave and below 400 Hz at 4 dB/octave. The standard error of the mean magnitude across the four ears is typically less than 3 dB. The phase angle of the pressure gain also changes with frequency. Interruption of the ossicular chain decreases the vestibule pressure by at least 20 dB. It is shown that air bubbles in the inner ear can diminish the vestibule pressure; procedures are used to remove bubbles. From these pressure measurements and previous measurements of stapes motion, the frequency dependence of behavioral thresholds for tones was tested to discover whether it corresponds to the constancy of a physiological variable at the cochlear input. Among pressure, power, or stapes-motion measures, the vestibule pressure is most nearly constant with frequency at the behavioral "minimum audible pressure."
Two Years of Progress: Field Driven Rollercone Design Iterations Cut Conglomerate Formation Drilling Costs by 40% in Oman (2011)

Abstract The predominant drilling challenge in Oman's southern fields is efficiently penetrating the thick conglomerate sediments. The sedimentary section is encountered at depths ranging between 2500–3400m and is approximately 700–900m thick. The hard conglomerate sections have UCS values that range between 12–30 kpsi. The formations’ rounded clasts, pebbles, and/or boulders are deposited in a fine grained matrix and make rollercone (RC) drilling difficult. The major dulling issue is early gauge row cutting structure degradation that requires multiple bits/trips to complete the 12 ¼" hole section. Over the last two years, a series of iterative design changes and subsequent field tests have led to optimized tungsten carbide insert (TCI) geometry and strategic placement of 100% diamond enhanced heal row inserts. A new-type of insert and layout geometry has also enhanced shirttail protection. The ever improving TCI design has significantly extended cutting structure life and improved borehole quality. New carbide grades, tougher inner row inserts and an advanced twin elastomer sealing system that protects the bearing have all extended bit life in high WOB conditions. The field derived design iteration process has consistently improved performance over the last 12 years. In 1999 a typical rollercone used in Oman's conglomerate fields had a life expectancy of 10–20 hours. Currently, the operator can expect a rollercone bit to provide sustained ROP for 110–120 hours drilling in these same fields. The improved bit and motor technology has optimized drilling the build sections and dramatically reduced cost/ft by an average of 40% over the past two years. This paper will examine the bit development/design, parameter selection and the science that led to a significant increase in conglomerate drilling efficiency. Finally, the authors will outline new durability and ROP benchmarks and discuss reduced rig-time and resulting cost savings.
Spin structures of Fe/Gd and Fe/Cr multilayers determined by polarized neutron reflectometry (1992)

Polarized neutron reflection was used to determine the magnetic structure of two different antiferromagnetically coupled multilayer systems, Fe/Gd and Fe/Cr. In Fe/Gd, the Fe and Gd moments are coupled antiparallel at the interface. At low temperatures a surface induced magnetic phase transition was found. In Fe/Cr, annealing at temperatures of up to 425{degrees}C, resulted in the degrading of antiferromagnetic coupling between Fe layers and in the formation of ferromagnetically coupled regions.
Anabolic response to essential amino acid plus whey protein composition is greater than whey protein alone in young healthy adults (2020)

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03502941. This trial was registered on April 19, 2018.
Millimeter-wave signal generation device using optical difference frequency generation in LiTaO<inf>3</inf> crystal suspended to rectangular waveguide (2014)

A new millimeter-wave (MMW) signal generation device using a rectangular waveguide and second order nonlinear optical effect is proposed. Using a T-shaped rectangular waveguide with a suspended LiTaO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> crystal, adiabatic MMW signal injection into the waveguide is obtainable through optical difference frequency generation in the crystal. This device is easy for coupling to standard rectangular waveguide circuits compared with the proto-type devices where a nonlinear crystal is completely embedded into a rectangular waveguide. Analysis, design and preliminary experimental results are reported.
Design and synthesis of novel quinazolinone‐based fibrates as PPARα agonists with antihyperlipidemic activity (2021)

Aiming to discover new antihyperlipidemic agents, a new set of quinazolinone-fibrate hybrids 9a-r bearing the essential features for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) agonistic activity was synthesized and the structures were confirmed by different spectral data. All the target compounds were screened for their PPARα agonistic activity. Compounds 9o and 9q exhibited potent activity, with EC<sub>50</sub> values better than that of fenofibrate by 8.7- and 27-fold, respectively. Molecular docking investigations were performed for all the newly synthesized compounds in the active site of the PPARα receptor to study their interactions and energies in the receptor. Moreover, the antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities of compounds 9o and 9q were determined using Triton WR-1339-induced hyperlipidemic rats. Compound 9q exhibited effective hypolipidemic activity in a dose-dependent manner, where it significantly reduced the serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and increased the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Furthermore, it possesses a powerful antioxidant profile where it significantly elevated the levels of reduced glutathione as well as the total antioxidant capacity and significantly decreased the malondialdehyde level. The histopathological studies revealed that compound 9q improved the aortic architecture and hepatic steatosis. These findings support that compound 9q could be a promising lead compound for the development of new antihyperlipidemic agents.
Heterogeneity Aware Deep Embedding for Mobile Periocular Recognition (2018)

Mobile biometric approaches provide the convenience of secure authentication with an omnipresent technology. However, this brings an additional challenge of recognizing biometric patterns in an unconstrained environment including variations in mobile camera sensors, illumination conditions, and capture distance. To address the heterogeneous challenge, this research presents a novel heterogeneity aware loss function within a deep learning framework. The effectiveness of the proposed loss function is evaluated for periocular biometrics using the CSIP, IMP and VISOB mobile periocular databases. The results show that the proposed algorithm yields state-of-the-art results in a heterogeneous environment and improves generalizability for cross-database experiments.
NEIL1 and NEIL2 DNA glycosylases modulate anxiety and learning in a cooperative manner in mice (2021)

Oxidative DNA damage in the brain has been implicated in neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. DNA glycosylases initiate base excision repair (BER), the main pathway for oxidative DNA base lesion repair. NEIL1 and NEIL3 DNA glycosylases affect cognition in mice, while the role of NEIL2 remains unclear. Here, we investigate the impact of NEIL2 and its potential overlap with NEIL1 on behavior in knockout mouse models. Neil1<sup>-/-</sup>Neil2<sup>-/-</sup> mice display hyperactivity, reduced anxiety and improved learning. Hippocampal oxidative DNA base lesion levels are comparable between genotypes and no mutator phenotype is found. Thus, impaired canonical repair is not likely to explain the altered behavior. Electrophysiology suggests reduced axonal activation in the hippocampal CA1 region in Neil1<sup>-/-</sup>Neil2<sup>-/-</sup> mice and lack of NEIL1 and NEIL2 causes dysregulation of genes in CA1 relevant for synaptic function. We postulate a cooperative function of NEIL1 and NEIL2 in genome regulation, beyond canonical BER, modulating behavior in mice.
Surrogate- and invariance-boosted contrastive learning for data-scarce applications in science (2022)

Deep learning techniques have been increasingly applied to the natural sciences, e.g., for property prediction and optimization or material discovery. A fundamental ingredient of such approaches is the vast quantity of labeled data needed to train the model. This poses severe challenges in data-scarce settings where obtaining labels requires substantial computational or labor resources. Noting that problems in natural sciences often benefit from easily obtainable auxiliary information sources, we introduce surrogate- and invariance-boosted contrastive learning (SIB-CL), a deep learning framework which incorporates three inexpensive and easily obtainable auxiliary information sources to overcome data scarcity. Specifically, these are: abundant unlabeled data, prior knowledge of symmetries or invariances, and surrogate data obtained at near-zero cost. We demonstrate SIB-CL's effectiveness and generality on various scientific problems, e.g., predicting the density-of-states of 2D photonic crystals and solving the 3D time-independent Schrödinger equation. SIB-CL consistently results in orders of magnitude reduction in the number of labels needed to achieve the same network accuracies.
Automatisierte Radiosynthese von F-18-AlF-FAPI-42 (2021)

Ziel/Aim FAP-Inhibitoren (FAPI) sind in der Lage spezifisch an das Fibroblasten-Aktivierungsprotein zu binden, welches in 90 % aller epithelialen Karzinome überexprimiert wird, aber in normalen Geweben nur selten vorkommt. Radiomarkierte FAPI sind daher für die Bildgebung und Radiotherapie unterschiedlicher solider Tumore sehr gut geeignet. F-18-AlF-FAPI-42 ist ein FAP-spezifischer PET-Tracer, der in einer „First in man“ Studie eine günstige Bioverteilung aufwies. Die Entwicklung eines Herstellungsprotokolls für die GMP-konforme Produktion eines Radiotracers stellt einen wesentlichen Schritt für seine Implementierung in der klinischen Praxis dar. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war daher die manuelle Synthese von F-18-FAPI-42 in ein automatisiertes Modul zu übertragen.
The Damage–Response Framework as a Tool for the Physician-Scientist to Understand the Pathogenesis of Infectious Diseases (2018)

The Damage-Response Framework (DRF) is a powerful tool to inform research in infectious diseases. It can integrate clinical observation with microbiology and immunology to incorporate the role of the host response into the outcome of microbial pathogenesis. Although the role that microbial factors may play in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases is well recognized, the DRF brings the indispensable role of the host response to the fore. For example, inflammation may induce microbial control, but it can also produce host damage. On the other hand, insufficient inflammation may fail to induce sufficient microbial control. Each scenario may lead to the diagnosis of an infectious disease. Given the central role that the host response plays in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases, new strategies for treatment need to consider the nature of the host response as well as microbial factors.
A actualidade de Lacan (2009)

Esta conferência expõe o percurso e o ensino de Lacan nas suas datas e conceitos mais marcantes. Finalmente, mostra que a actualidade de Lacan torna inactual a ideia tradicional do que é a Psicanálise, sobretudo relativamente à abordagem do sintoma.
Energy Dependence of the Reorientation Effect and the Static Quadrupole Moment of the 0.847-MeV2+State inFe56 (1971)

The energy dependence of the reorientation effect has been investigated using ${\mathrm{O}}^{16}$ and ${\mathrm{S}}^{32}$ ions incident on ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{56}$ nuclei. The influence of nuclear interference on the reorientation effect was observed before it could be detected on the elastic cross section, and exhibited an angular dependence similar to that expected for the reorientation effect. It was found that an appropriate separation of projectile and target nuclei was given by $2a={R}_{0}({{A}_{1}}^{\frac{1}{3}}+{{A}_{2}}^{\frac{1}{3}})+\ensuremath{\Delta}$, where ${R}_{0}=1.6$ fm and $\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\ge}3.5$ fm. The static quadrupole moment of the 0.847-MeV ${2}^{+}$ state in ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{56}$ was measured to be ${Q}_{22}=\ensuremath{-}0.23\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03 \mathrm{b}$, while the rotational value is given by $|{Q}_{R}|=0.276 \mathrm{b}$.
Observations on the relation between schooling and predation. (1974)

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/52841/1/1274.pdf
Contracts versus competitive bidding: Rationalizing urban policy programmes in England and France∗ (1995)

Abstract In recent years both Britain and France have initiated major reforms of the organization of urban policy which have followed the introduction of new mechanisms for the allocation of resources to urban regeneration schemes. In the case of City Challenge, local partnerships were invited to engage in a competitive bidding exercise while the Contrat de Ville was based on a process of negotiation between the state and the different tiers of local government. The perceived success of these approaches led them to become central features of new national policies. Against the background of specific political and administrative traditions of the two countries, the article compares the rationale for each approach, the developments leading up to their introduction, the form and content of the programmes, and the mechanisms by which they were prepared and implemented. The underlying differences in philosophy are outlined through a series of comparative themes.
Transient conjugated heat transfer in concentric annuli (1995)

The paper presents a finite‐difference scheme to solve the transient conjugated heat transfer problem in a concentric annulus with simultaneously developing hydrodynamic and thermal boundary layers. The annular forced flow is laminar with constant physical properties. Thermal transient is initiated by a step change in the prescribed isothermal temperature of the inner surface of the inside tube wall while the outer surface of the external tube is kept adiabatic. The effects of solid‐fluid conductivity ratio and diffusivity ratio on the thermal behaviour of the flow have been investigated. Numerical results are presented for a fluid of Pr = 0.7 flowing in an annulus of radius ratio 0.5 with various values of inner and outer solid wall thicknesses.
Structure–Activity Relationship Studies and Discovery of a Potent Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid (TRPV1) Antagonist 4-[3-Chloro-5-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-2-pyridyl]-N-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyl]-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyridine-1-carboxamide (V116517) as a Clinical Candidate for Pain Management (2014)

A series of novel tetrahydropyridinecarboxamide TRPV1 antagonists were prepared and evaluated in an effort to optimize properties of previously described lead compounds from piperazinecarboxamide series. The compounds were evaluated for their ability to block capsaicin and acid-induced calcium influx in CHO cells expressing human TRPV1. The most potent of these TRPV1 antagonists were further characterized in pharmacokinetic, efficacy, and body temperature studies. On the basis of its pharmacokinetic, in vivo efficacy, safety, and toxicological properties, compound 37 was selected for further evaluation in human clinical trials.
Invited paper: Low power requirements and side-channel protection of encryption engines: Challenges and opportunities (2017)

Power attack is a critical challenge to security of encryption engines. Countermeasures to side-channel attacks often come at high power, area, or performance overhead. Therefore, design of side-channel secure encryption engines is a critical challenge for power-/resource-constrained platforms. This paper discusses that although low-power need imposes critical challenge for side-channel security, but circuit techniques traditionally developed for power management also present new opportunities for side-channel resistance. As a case-study, we show the feasibility of using integrated voltage regulator, normally used for efficient power management, for increasing side-channel resistance of AES engines.
Proton NMR characterization of metastable and equilibrium heme orientational heterogeneity in reconstituted and native human hemoglobin (1985)

A proton nuclear magnetic resonance study of the reaction of apohemoglobin A with both oxidized and reduced hemes reveals that at least two slowly interconverting species are initially formed, only one of which corresponds to the native proteins. Reconstitutions with isotope-labeled hemes reveal that the hyperfine-shift patterns for heme resonances in the metazido derivatives differ for the two species by interchange of heme environment characteristic of heme orientational disorder about the alpha, gamma-meso axis, as previously demonstrated for myoglobin [La Mar, G. N., Davis, N. L., Parish, D. W., & Smith, K. M. (1983) J. Mol. Biol. 168, 887-896]. Careful scrutiny of the 1H NMR spectrum of freshly prepared hemoglobin A (Hb A) reveals that characteristic resonances for the alternate heme orientation are present in both subunits, clearly demonstrating that "native" Hb A possesses an important structure heterogeneity. It is observed that this heterogeneity disappears with time for one subunit but remains unchanged in the other. This implies that a metastable disordered state in vivo involves the alpha subunit and an equilibrium disordered state both in vivo and in vitro is involved within the beta subunit. The presence of metastable disorder in fresh blood suggests an in vivo hemoglobin assembly from apoprotein and heme that is similar to the in vitro reconstitution process. The slow equilibration and known lifetimes for erythrocytes provide a rationalization for the presence of detectable metastable states. The implications of such heme disorder for Hb function are discussed.
Relative Reactivity of Stable Ligated Boranes and a Borohydride Salt in Rhodium(II)-Catalyzed Boron–Hydrogen Insertion Reactions (2016)

Relative reactivities of a series of neutral ligated boranes L-BH3 (where L is NHC, amine, pyridine, or phosphine) and the cyanoborohydride anion have been assessed in Rh(II)-catalyzed B-H insertion reactions with methyl 2-phenyl-2-diazoacetate. Stable α-boryl ester products were isolated by flash chromatography in all cases except for the salt product from cyanoborohydride. All of the substrates were either comparable to or more reactive than 1,4-cyclohexadiene, which is one of the most reactive substrates in C-H insertion reactions. The range of reactivity between the most reactive pyridine-borane and the least reactive phosphine-borane is a factor of approximately 40.
Changes in the Structure of Nuclei after Transfer to Oocytes (2000)

Nuclear transfer and the potential for cloning animals have refocused attention on the oocyte. This focus is not limited to the use of the oocyte as a recipient in nuclear transfer procedures, but more broadly in terms of what factors are present in the oocyte that are responsible for establishing the developmental pattern of RNA synthesis and subsequent protein production. Deviations in the pattern of RNA synthesis can result in abortions, as well as abnormalities at birth. This paper will focus on the changes to nuclear structure that result from transfer to the cytoplasm of an oocyte, as well as some of the changes in the patterns of RNA synthesis that have been described.