gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
System and Method for the Efficient Clearing of Spectrum Encumbrances (2012)

The present invention is a system and method to sell or procure complementary goods. A complementary good according to the invention is a good whose value or utility is enhanced when paired with another good, such a pair of goods is a communications license to encumbered spectrum and a complementary clearing right to clear the spectrum of its encumbrance. The invention provides automated procedures to facilitate the fashioning and sale of clearing rights so as to enhance the value of the communications license.
Induction of apoptosis by dideoxypetrosynol A, a polyacetylene from the sponge Petrosia sp., in human skin melanoma cells (2004)

Dideoxypetrosynol A, a polyacetylene from the sponge Petrosia sp., is known to exhibit significant selective cytotoxicity against several human tumor cell lines. In the present study, we investigated the possible mechanisms by which dideoxypetrosynol A exerts its anti-proliferative action in cultured human SK-MEL-2 skin melanoma cells. Exposure of SK-MEL-2 cells to dideoxypetrosynol A resulted in growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner as measured by MTT assay, fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry analysis. The increase in apoptosis was associated with a dose-dependent up-regulation in proapoptotic Bax expression and down-regulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. Apoptosis-inducing concentrations of dideoxypetrosynol A induced caspase-3 and caspase-9 activation accompanied by proteolytic degradation of poly(ADP-ribose)-polymerase and selective down-regulation of cIAP-1. Taken together, these findings provide important new insights into the possible molecular mechanisms of the anti-cancer activity of dideoxypetrosynol A.
Development of a Genetic System for Marinobacter atlanticus CP1 (sp. nov.), a Wax Ester Producing Strain Isolated From an Autotrophic Biocathode (2018)

Here, we report on the development of a genetic system for <i>Marinobacter</i> sp. strain CP1, previously isolated from the Biocathode MCL community and shown to oxidize iron and grow as a cathodic biofilm. Sequence analysis of the small and large subunits of the 16S rRNA gene of CP1, as well as comparison of select conserved proteins, indicate that it is most closely related to <i>Marinobacter adhaerens</i> HP15 and <i>Marinobacter</i> sp. ES.042. <i>In silico</i> DNA-DNA hybridization using the genome-to-genome distance calculator (GGDC) predicts CP1 to be a new species of <i>Marinobacter</i> described here as <i>Marinobacter atlanticus</i>. CP1 is competent for transformation with plasmid DNA using conjugation with <i>Escherichia coli</i> donor strain WM3064 and constitutive expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) is stable in the absence of antibiotic selection. Targeted double deletion mutagenesis of homologs for the <i>M. aquaeoli</i> fatty acyl-CoA reductase (<i>acrB</i>) and fatty aldehyde reductase (<i>farA</i>) genes resulted in a loss of production of wax esters; however, single deletion mutants for either gene resulted in an increase in total wax esters recovered. Genetic tools presented here for CP1 will enable further exploration of wax ester synthesis for biotechnological applications, as well as furthering our efforts to understand the role of CP1 within the Biocathode MCL community.
Study of Gender Differences in Proton Pump Inhibitor Dose Requirements for GERD (2016)

Female patients on long-term PPI therapy were 3 times more likely to tolerate half of their prior dose. Female gender had higher probability for successful step-down. These results indicate that women with gastroesophageal reflux disease might manage with lower doses of PPIs as compared with men.European Clinical Trial Database (https://eudract.ema.europa.eu/), number 2013-002067-26.
p-Tolylsulfonyl cyanide (2002)

The first crystal structure of a sulfonyl cyanide, C8H7NO2S, has been determined. The mol­ecule has an unusual bond-length distribution, with a very long S—Csp bond [1.772 (2) Å] and a short S—Csp2 bond [1.7368 (17) Å].
A Novel Flat-embedding Method to Prepare Ultrathin Cryosections from Cultured Cells in Their In Situ Orientation (2002)

Immunogold labeling of ultrathin cryosections provides a sensitive and quantitative method to localize proteins at the ultrastructural level. An obligatory step in the routine preparation of cryosections from cultured cells is the detachment of cells from their substrate and subsequent pelleting. This procedure precludes visualization of cells in their in situ orientation and hampers the study of polarized cells. Here we describe a method to sample cultured cells from a petri dish or coverslip by embedding them in a 12% gelatin slab. Subsequently, sections can be prepared in parallel or perpendicular to the plane of growth. Our method extends the cryosectioning technique to applications in studying polarized cells and correlative light-electron microscopy.
Intrinsic Magnetism of Grain Boundaries in Two-dimensional Metal Dichalcogenides (2013)

Grain boundaries (GBs) are structural imperfections that typically degrade the performance of materials. Here we show that dislocations and GBs in two-dimensional (2D) metal dichalcogenides MX2 (M = Mo, W; X = S, Se) can actually improve the material by giving it a qualitatively new physical property: magnetism. The dislocations studied all have a substantial magnetic moment of ~1 Bohr magneton. In contrast, dislocations in other well-studied 2D materials are typically non-magnetic. GBs composed of pentagon-heptagon pairs interact ferromagnetically and transition from semiconductor to half-metal or metal as a function of tilt angle and/or doping level. When the tilt angle exceeds 47° the structural energetics favor square-octagon pairs and the GB becomes an antiferromagnetic semiconductor. These exceptional magnetic properties arise from an interplay of dislocation-induced localized states, doping, and locally unbalanced stoichiometry. Purposeful engineering of topological GBs may be able to convert MX2 into a promising 2D magnetic semiconductor.
An evaluation methodology for the level of service at the airport landside system (1994)

A Doctoral Thesis. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Doctor of Philosophy of Loughborough University.
Genetic generation of connection patterns for a dynamic artificial neural network (2003)

Work-in-progress on the use of a specialized genetic algorithm for training a new type of dynamic artificial neural network is described. The network architecture is completely specified by a list of addresses that are used to connect signal sources to specific artificial synapses, which have both a temporal and spatial significance. The number of different connection patterns is a combinational problem which grows factorially as the number of artificial synapses in the network and the number of sensor elements increases. The network is implemented primarily in analog electronic hardware and constructed from artificial dendritic trees which exhibit a spatiotemporal processing capability that is modeled after morphologically complex biological neurons. The author describes work-in-progress on using the specialized genetic algorithm, which has an embedded optimizer in place of the standard mutation operator, for training a dynamic neural network to follow the position of a target moving across an image sensor array.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Improving lightly supervised training for broadcast transcription (2013)

This paper investigates improving lightly supervised acoustic model training for an archive of broadcast data.Standard lightly supervised training uses automatically derived decoding hypotheses using a biased language model.However, as the actual speech can deviate significantly from the original programme scripts that are supplied, the quality of standard lightly supervised hypotheses can be poor.To address this issue, word and segment level combination approaches are used between the lightly supervised transcripts and the original programme scripts which yield improved transcriptions.Experimental results show that systems trained using these improved transcriptions consistently outperform those trained using only the original lightly supervised decoding hypotheses.This is shown to be the case for both the maximum likelihood and minimum phone error trained systems.
Dynamic supply current testing of analog circuits using wavelet transform (2003)

Dynamic supply current (IDD) analysis has emerged as an effective way for defect oriented testing of analog circuits. In this paper, we propose using wavelet decomposition of IDD for fault detection in analog circuits. Wavelet transform has the property of resolving events in both time and frequency domain simultaneously unlike Fourier expansion which localizes a signal in terms of frequency only. Wavelet transform also has better sub-banding property and it can be easily adapted to current waveforms from different circuits. These make wavelet a more suitable candidate for fault detection in analog circuits than pure time-domain or pure frequency-domain methods. We have shown that for equivalent number of spectral components, sensitivity of wavelet based fault detection is much higher than Fourier or time-domain analysis for both catastrophic and parametric faults. Simulation results on benchmark circuits show that wavelet based method is on average 25 times more sensitive than DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) for parametric faults and can be considered as a promising alternative for analog fault detection amidst measurement hardware noise and process variation.
Workflow Partitioning and Deployment on the Cloud Using Orchestra (2014)

Orchestrating service-oriented workflows is typically based on a design model that routes both data and control through a single point -- the centralised workflow engine. This causes scalability problems that include the unnecessary consumption of the network bandwidth, high latency in transmitting data between the services, and performance bottlenecks. These problems are highly prominent when orchestrating workflows that are composed from services dispersed across distant geographical locations. This paper presents a novel workflow partitioning approach, which attempts to improve the scalability of orchestrating large-scale workflows. It permits the workflow computation to be moved towards the services providing the data in order to garner optimal performance results. This is achieved by decomposing the workflow into smaller sub workflows for parallel execution, and determining the most appropriate network locations to which these sub workflows are transmitted and subsequently executed. This paper demonstrates the efficiency of our approach using a set of experimental workflows that are orchestrated over Amazon EC2 and across several geographic network regions.
In situ radical detection under very low pressure photolysis conditions using resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization. Kinetics of trifluoromethyl radicals produced from IR multiphoton dissociation of hexafluoroacetone (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIn situ radical detection under very low pressure photolysis conditions using resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization. Kinetics of trifluoromethyl radicals produced from IR multiphoton dissociation of hexafluoroacetoneRobert M. Robertson, David M. Golden, and Michel J. RossiCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1988, 92, 19, 5338–5347Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100330a006https://doi.org/10.1021/j100330a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views76Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Multimodal x-ray scatter imaging (2009)

We describe a small-angle x-ray scattering-based imaging technique that reveals the distribution and orientation of nano-scale structures over extended areas. By combining two measurement and analysis schemes, complementary structural information is available which renders the technique suitable for a broad range of applications, e. g. in materials science and bio-imaging. Through a combination of current techniques and on-line analysis schemes, measurements with a so far unprecedented combination of speed, dynamic range and point density became feasible. This is illustrated by data recorded for a section of a mouse soleus muscle visualizing fine muscle and Achilles tendon structures down to the 10 nm range over a 10 mm(2) sample area.
Chemisorption of CO and Mechanism of CO Oxidation on Supported Platinum Nanoclusters (2011)

Kinetic, isotopic, and infrared studies on well-defined dispersed Pt clusters are combined here with first-principle theoretical methods on model cluster surfaces to probe the mechanism and structural requirements for CO oxidation catalysis at conditions typical of its industrial practice. CO oxidation turnover rates and the dynamics and thermodynamics of adsorption-desorption processes on cluster surfaces saturated with chemisorbed CO were measured on 1-20 nm Pt clusters under conditions of strict kinetic control. Turnover rates are proportional to O(2) pressure and inversely proportional to CO pressure, consistent with kinetically relevant irreversible O(2) activation steps on vacant sites present within saturated CO monolayers. These conclusions are consistent with the lack of isotopic scrambling in C(16)O-(18)O(2)-(16)O(2) reactions, and with infrared bands for chemisorbed CO that did not change within a CO pressure range that strongly influenced CO oxidation turnover rates. Density functional theory estimates of rate and equilibrium constants show that the kinetically relevant O(2) activation steps involve direct O(2)* (or O(2)) reactions with CO* to form reactive O*-O-C*=O intermediates that decompose to form CO(2) and chemisorbed O*, instead of unassisted activation steps involving molecular adsorption and subsequent dissociation of O(2). These CO-assisted O(2) dissociation pathways avoid the higher barriers imposed by the spin-forbidden transitions required for unassisted O(2) dissociation on surfaces saturated with chemisorbed CO. Measured rate parameters for CO oxidation were independent of Pt cluster size; these parameters depend on the ratio of rate constants for O(2) reactions with CO* and CO adsorption equilibrium constants, which reflect the respective activation barriers and reaction enthalpies for these two steps. Infrared spectra during isotopic displacement and thermal desorption with (12)CO-(13)CO mixtures showed that the binding, dynamics, and thermodynamics of CO chemisorbed at saturation coverages do not depend on Pt cluster size in a range that strongly affects the coordination of Pt atoms exposed at cluster surfaces. These data and their theoretical and mechanistic interpretations indicate that the remarkable structure insensitivity observed for CO oxidation reactions reflects average CO binding properties that are essentially independent of cluster size. Theoretical estimates of rate and equilibrium constants for surface reactions and CO adsorption show that both parameters increase as the coordination of exposed Pt atoms decreases in Pt(201) cluster surfaces; such compensation dampens but does not eliminate coordination and cluster size effects on measured rate constants. The structural features and intrinsic non-uniformity of cluster surfaces weaken when CO forms saturated monolayers on such surfaces, apparently because surfaces and adsorbates restructure to balance CO surface binding and CO-CO interaction energies.
Assessment of thoracic spinal cord electrophysiological activity through magnetoneurography (2021)

This is the first report to use magnetoneurography to noninvasively visualize electrophysiological activity in the thoracic spinal cord in detail.
Bottom-up single-molecule strategy for understanding subunit function of tetrameric β-galactosidase (2018)

In this paper, we report an example of the engineered expression of tetrameric β-galactosidase (β-gal) containing varying numbers of active monomers. Specifically, by combining wild-type and single-nucleotide polymorphism plasmids at varying ratios, tetrameric β-gal was expressed in vitro with one to four active monomers. The kinetics of individual enzyme molecules revealed four distinct populations, corresponding to the number of active monomers in the enzyme. Using single-molecule-level enzyme kinetics, we were able to measure an accurate in vitro mistranslation frequency (5.8 × 10<sup>-4</sup> per base). In addition, we studied the kinetics of the mistranslated β-gal at the single-molecule level.
Comparison of IEEE 802.15.4e MAC features (2014)

Time slotted channel hopping (TSCH) and coordinated sampled listening (CSL) are two of the main features of IEEE 802.15.4e designed for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper, we compare the power and latency performance of TSCH and CSL for various scenarios. Our results show that while TSCH outperforms CSL in terms of power, its latency is higher.
Structure and Reactivity of Organic Intermediates as Revealed by Time‐Resolved Infrared Spectroscopy (2001)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Instrumental approaches to time-resolved infrared spectroscopy Applications to organic excited states and reactive intermediates in solution Conclusions
clARMOR (2018)

Buffer overflows are a common source of program crashes, data corruption, and security exploits. While many tools exist to find these issues in CPU programs, buffer overflows are also problematic in heterogeneous systems serviced by languages such as OpenCL™. Existing buffer overflow detectors for heterogeneous systems are either limited to particular vendors or require heavyweight instrumentation that results in large runtime overheads.
Rational drug design - designing a molecule that binds to a target (2009)

Laser cooling by anti-Stokes fluorescence is a technology to realize all-solid-state optical cryocoolers. We grew Yb<sup>3+</sup>-doped KY<sub>3</sub>F<sub>10</sub> (Yb:KYF) crystals as novel laser cooling media and compare their cooling performance to Yb<sup>3+</sup>-doped LiYF<sub>4</sub> (Yb:YLF) crystals also grown in our institute. We present temperature-dependent absorption and emission cross sections as well as the fluorescence lifetime of Yb:KYF, and calculate its material figure-of-merit for laser cooling. Yb:KYF exhibits a higher figure-of-merit than Yb:YLF at temperatures below 200 K. This is because, in contrast to Yb:YLF, the excitation transition from the second-highest Stark level of the ground state is best-suited for cryogenic cooling in Yb:KYF. Thus, it has the potential to achieve unprecedentedly low temperatures below the boiling point of liquid nitrogen. In this work, we observe the first laser cooling of Yb:KYF, and obtain a background absorption coefficient of ∼10<sup>-4</sup> cm<sup>-1</sup>, which is among the lowest ever reported for Yb<sup>3+</sup>-doped fluoride crystals. A simple model calculation predicts that our Yb:KYF and Yb:YLF crystals can potentially be cooled down to ≈100 K in a high-power cooling setup. Our Yb:KYF crystals still leave room for further improvement through the optimization of the growth process and the use of purer raw materials.
Applications of Origami Principles in Deployable Childcare Furniture (2022)

Abstract Design projects in childcare settings present unique design challenges because of their function, size, and specific safety concerns. In selecting effective childcare furniture, stowage space, safety, and ease of access for childcare furniture are important considerations. Origami-inspired design can be useful in addressing these issues in an innovative way by introducing flat-foldability and deployability into childcare furniture. Fundamental design considerations for childcare furniture and mechanical design principles for deployable furniture are examined in order to understand how to make safe and functional furniture pieces. Childcare furniture must be very child-safe. This means that origami principles used must not add safety concerns like decreased stability or pinch points. Nonhazardous, durable, and comfortable materials must be used. Extra precaution must be taken when designing folding structures for use in a childcare environment. Mechanical principles for such systems, including folding methods and thickness accommodation, are examined in the context of childcare spaces. Various types of joints are also examined and the M-LET compliant joint is shown as a potential replacement for rigid hinges in folding furniture. Using this understanding, this work presents two simple flat-folding techniques and a compliant joint suitable for a childcare setting and demonstrates these principles through functional “safe space” furniture.
Key Role of CRF in the Skin Stress Response System (2013)

The discovery of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) or CRH defining the upper regulatory arm of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, along with the identification of the corresponding receptors (CRFRs 1 and 2), represents a milestone in our understanding of central mechanisms regulating body and local homeostasis. We focused on the CRF-led signaling systems in the skin and offer a model for regulation of peripheral homeostasis based on the interaction of CRF and the structurally related urocortins with corresponding receptors and the resulting direct or indirect phenotypic effects that include regulation of epidermal barrier function, skin immune, pigmentary, adnexal, and dermal functions necessary to maintain local and systemic homeostasis. The regulatory modes of action include the classical CRF-led cutaneous equivalent of the central HPA axis, the expression and function of CRF and related peptides, and the stimulation of pro-opiomelanocortin peptides or cytokines. The key regulatory role is assigned to the CRFR-1α receptor, with other isoforms having modulatory effects. CRF can be released from sensory nerves and immune cells in response to emotional and environmental stressors. The expression sequence of peptides includes urocortin/CRF→pro-opiomelanocortin→ACTH, MSH, and β-endorphin. Expression of these peptides and of CRFR-1α is environmentally regulated, and their dysfunction can lead to skin and systemic diseases. Environmentally stressed skin can activate both the central and local HPA axis through either sensory nerves or humoral factors to turn on homeostatic responses counteracting cutaneous and systemic environmental damage. CRF and CRFR-1 may constitute novel targets through the use of specific agonists or antagonists, especially for therapy of skin diseases that worsen with stress, such as atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.