gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
GB virus B infection of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) and associated liver pathology (2004)

GB virus B (GBV-B) is a flavivirus that is related closely to hepatitis C virus (HCV) and induces an acute hepatitis when inoculated into several species of New World primates. Common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) are a widely available, non-endangered primate species that is susceptible to GBV-B infection and develops a characteristic acute hepatitis. Here, animals were found to be susceptible to serially passaged serum and GBV-B transcripts. Hepatic pathology and peripheral viraemia could be quantified biochemically, immunophenotypically and morphologically, and persisted for periods of up to 6 months in some animals. Hepatitis was characterized by a marked influx of CD3+ CD8+ T lymphocytes and CD20+ B cells within the first 2 months of primary infection. The results of this study document the marmoset as another small, non-human primate species in which the pathogenesis of GBV-B can be studied and used as a surrogate model of HCV infection for investigation of pathogenesis and antiviral drug development.
Monte Carlo method based model for augmenting data towards lubricant oil state analysis in heavy machine industry (2023)

Monitoring the health of lubricant oil used in a machine is one of the most effective ways to predict the machine condition. A non-invasive non-destructive monitoring approach may be used for a multiparametric causal analysis of the oil state. However, the analytical solution for the multiple contaminant determination in the oil is extremely challenging, which can be solved using a machine learning (ML) based classification approach. To train such an ML model needs a large number of datasets that is difficult to obtain experimentally. A computational model resembling the experimental system may be useful in this context. In this paper, a computational model replicating a non-invasive technique, namely, photoacoustic (PA) sensing to investigate lubricant oil is explored through a set of simulations followed by experimental validation and machine learning model-based data analysis. The effect of the two dominant causes of lubricant oil degradation, namely, soot particle and water has been investigated through simulation and experiment; and the ML analysis has been executed to classify the data into four classes depicting four states of the machine health.
High-efficiency thermophotovoltaic system that employs an emitter based on a silicon rod-type photonic crystal (2019)

Thermophotovoltaic systems in principle enable utilization of heat that is usually regarded as wasted energy. However, the wavelength selectivity of the thermal emitter required for high efficiencies is rather difficult to control with conventional designs. Here, we design a thermophotovoltaic system comprising silicon rods as thermal emitter with a relatively narrow emission spectrum and a photovoltaic cell with a band gap corresponding to 1.76 $μ$m, and verify efficient power generation. By accurately measuring the heat flux that enters the emitter, the emitter temperature, and the electrical output power of the photovoltaic cell, we find that the actual system efficiency (ratio of ingoing heat flux to output power) is 11.2% at an emitter temperature of 1338 K, and that the output power density footprint is 0.368 W/cm2. The obtained efficiency is relatively high, i.e., 1.65 times that of the previously reported record value (6.8%). Further efficiency improvements in the future may lead to development of distributed energy supplies using combustion heat.
Imaging and Ultrasound-Guided Steroid Injection of Internal Oblique Muscle Strains in Baseball Pitchers (2010)

Therapeutic injection of steroids and anesthetic under ultrasound guidance appears to speed recovery and rehabilitation in professional baseball pitchers with acute side strains.
Region‐dependent attenuation of μ opioid receptor‐mediated G‐protein activation in mouse CNS as a function of morphine tolerance (2007)

Tolerance and the regional pattern of apparent MOR desensitization were influenced positively by the level of morphine exposure. These results indicate that desensitization of MOR-mediated G-protein activity is more regionally widespread upon induction of high levels of tolerance, suggesting that this response contributes more to high than low levels of tolerance to CNS-mediated effects of morphine.
The NIKA instrument: results and perspectives towards a permanent KID based camera for the Pico Veleta observatory (2013)

The New IRAM KIDs Array (NIKA) is a pathfinder instrument devoted to millimetric astronomy. In 2009 it was the first multiplexed KID camera on the sky; currently it is installed at the focal plane of the IRAM 30-meters telescope at Pico Veleta (Spain). We present preliminary data from the last observational run and the ongoing developments devoted to the next NIKA-2 kilopixels camera, to be commissioned in 2015. We also report on the latest laboratory measurements, and recent improvements in detector cosmetics and read-out electronics. Furthermore, we describe a new acquisition strategy allowing us to improve the photometric accuracy, and the related automatic tuning procedure.
SMTP Path Analysis. (2005)

Most proponents of domain authentication suggest combining domain authentication with reputation services. This paper presents a new learning algorithm for learning the reputation of email domains and IP addresses based on analyzing the paths used to transmit known spam and known good mail. The result is an effective algorithm providing the reputation information needed to combine with domain authentication to make filtering decisions. This algorithm achieves many of the benefits offered by domain-authentication systems, black-list services, and white-list services provide without any infrastructure costs or rollout requirements.
Abstract 70: The Impact of Post-Mastectomy Radiation Therapy on Permanent Implants in Direct-to-Implant Breast Reconstruction versus Tissue Expanders in Two-Stage Breast Reconstruction. (2018)

PURPOSE: Post-mastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) plays a key role in influencing the reconstructive outcome of implant-based breast reconstruction. While some studies have reviewed the effects of PMRT on a tissue expander (TE) in two-stage breast reconstruction, few studies have assessed the impact of PMRT after direct-to-implant reconstructions (DTI) breast reconstruction. This study evaluates complications and reconstructive outcomes of PMRT in DTI compared to two-stage breast reconstruction. METHODS: Single-institution retrospective review of immediate implant-based breast reconstruction patients that received post-mastectomy radiotherapy from 2006–2014 with a minimum of a 2-year follow-up were reviewed. All patients who received preoperative radiotherapy were excluded. RESULTS: Out of the 1671 patients, 265 patients were identified to have received post-mastectomy radiation. Of the 265, 149 received DTI and 116 had two-stage tissue expander to implant (TE-I) reconstruction. The overall mean age was 46.5 and BMI 26.9. There were no significant differences in demographics except more smokers in the TE group (7.7% vs. 1.3%, p=0.009). The DTI group had a significantly higher use of Alloderm compared to the TE group (72.5% vs. 41.4%, p<0.001). Patients who received PMRT with a tissue expander in place had more complications (32.7% vs. 10.7%, p<0.001), skin-necrosis (10.3% vs 4.0%, p<0.001), wound breakdown (9.5% vs. 2.0%, p=0.011) and infections (16.3% vs. 4.03%, p<0.001) leading to a higher rate of explantation (16.3% vs. 3.3%, p<0.001). When comparing the reconstructive outcomes, the TE group had a higher failure rate (20.6% vs. 10.7%, p=0.025). However we found the revision for capsular contracture rates to be similar between the two cohorts (11.4% vs. 10.3%, p=0.783) as well as revision rates for contour asymmetry, size mismatch and malposition. Subgroup analysis of DTI with ADM vs. TE-I with ADM showed similar complication findings; however, the DTI group had significantly higher revision rates (21.1% vs. 7.4%, p=0.029). In our multivariate regression analysis, radiation to the TE had a higher risk of reconstruction failure than radiation after DTI reconstruction (OR 2.004, 95% CI: 0.987–4.067, p=0.05). CONCLUSION: The optimal timing of post-mastectomy radiotherapy on implant-based breast reconstruction remains to be determined. Our study showed that PMRT after direct-to-implant breast reconstruction had a lower reconstructive failure rate compared to two-stage reconstruction. A.M. Lin: None. J.M. Christensen: None. E.C. Liao: None. C.L. Cetrulo: None. A.G. Taghian: None. J.M. Winograd: None. B.L. Smith: None. W.G. Austen: None. A.S. Colwell:; Allergan.; Lifecell.
Dodeca-μ2-hydroxo-di-μ3-oxo-hexakis(1,4,7-triazacyclononane-κ3N,N′,N′′)octairon(III) octabromide octahydrate (2005)

The title compound, [Fe8(μ3-O)2(μ2-OH)12(C6H12N3)6]Br8·8H2O, which crystallizes as an octa­hydrate, has a different arrangement of cations, anions and water molecules from the known nonahydrate [Wieghardt, Pohl, Jibril & Huttner (1984). Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 23, 77–78.]. In the present phase, the cluster is generated by inversion symmetry and the bromide ions display substantial positional disorder.
A new classification of cardio-oncology syndromes (2021)

Increasing evidence suggests a multifaceted relationship exists between cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Here, we introduce a 5-tier classification system to categorize cardio-oncology syndromes (COS) that represent the aspects of the relationship between cancer and CVD. COS Type I is characterized by mechanisms whereby the abrupt onset or progression of cancer can lead to cardiovascular dysfunction. COS Type II includes the mechanisms by which cancer therapies can result in acute or chronic CVD. COS Type III is characterized by the pro-oncogenic environment created by the release of cardiokines and high oxidative stress in patients with cardiovascular dysfunction. COS Type IV is comprised of CVD therapies and diagnostic procedures which have been associated with promoting or unmasking cancer. COS Type V is characterized by factors causing systemic and genetic predisposition to both CVD and cancer. The development of this framework may allow for an increased facilitation of cancer care while optimizing cardiovascular health through focused treatment targeting the COS type.
Confined Flow in Polymer Films at Interfaces (1999)

Measurements of nanomechanical properties of unannealed homopolymers show that the spin coating process in the presence of an interactive interface can be the source for molecular constraints in the interfacial boundary regime of elastomeric films. The surface mechanical response of poly(ethylene−propylene) (PEP) films of various thicknesses spin cast on hydrogen passivated silicon surfaces was studied using scanning force microscopy (SFM). At least two distinct rheological regimes can be observed in thicker films: high-entropy viscous plug flow at low load and low-entropy shear sliding at high load. The transition point from high-entropy to low-entropy shear has been found to shift to lower loads for decreasing film thickness. The transition point was found to disappear, and only shear sliding was observed at a critical film thickness, which was comparable to the radius of gyration of the sample polymer. These results were interpreted in a model wherein a highly distorted anisotropic layer induced by high-speed spinning and solvent evaporation is formed near the silicon interface. Pinning interactions prevent the layer from annealing, and a two-fluid-type response occurs. The surface free energy, determined by SFM lateral force−Dupré adhesion measurements, was found to be film thickness independent and in good agreement with previous macroscopic measurements.
Active-lite interposer for 2.5 &amp; 3D integration (2015)

Adding functionality to a passive Si interposer used in 2.5/3D integration, can result in system cost reductions. In this work, active components (diodes, BJT, ...) have been integrated on Si interposer using a new low-mask process flow. This low-cost process enables: (1) to move part of the area hungry ESD protection from the stacked dies to the interposer; (2) the realization of pre-bond testable interposers (DFT); and (3) components for analog circuits (diodes, npn, SCR, resistor).
The Docking Protein HEF1 Is an Apoptotic Mediator at Focal Adhesion Sites (2000)

HEF1 (human enhancer of filamentation 1) is a member of a docking protein family that includes p130(Cas) and Efs. Through assembly of multiple protein interactions at focal adhesion sites, these proteins activate signaling cascades in response to integrin receptor binding of the extracellular matrix. The HEF1 protein is cell cycle regulated, with full-length forms cleaved in mitosis at a caspase consensus site to generate an amino-terminal 55-kDa form that localizes to the mitotic spindle. The identification of a caspase cleavage site in HEF1 led us to investigate whether HEF1 belongs to a select group of caspase substrates cleaved in apoptosis to promote the morphological changes characteristic of programmed cell death. Significantly, inducing expression of HEF1 in MCF-7 or HeLa cells causes extensive apoptosis, as assessed by multiple criteria. Endogenous HEF1 is cleaved into 65- and 55-kDa fragments and a newly detected 28-kDa form in response to the induction of apoptosis, paralleling cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and focal adhesion kinase (FAK); the death-promoting activity of over-expressed HEF1 is associated with production of the 28-kDa form. While the generation of the cleaved HEF1 forms is caspase dependent, the accumulation of HEF1 forms is further regulated by the proteasome, as the proteasome inhibitors N-acetyl-L-leucinyl-L-leucinyl-L-norleucinyl and lactacystin enhance their stability. Finally, the induction of HEF1 expression also increases Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) activation, and activated JNK colocalizes with HEF1, implicating this pathway in HEF1 action. Based on these results, we propose that dysregulation of HEF1 and its family members along with FAK may signal the destruction of focal adhesion sites and regulate the onset of apoptosis.
Malignant mesothelioma in Australia 2015: Current incidence and asbestos exposure trends (2016)

Australia is known to have had the highest per-capita asbestos consumption level of any nation, reaching a peak in the 1970s. Although crocidolite was effectively banned in the late 1960s, and amosite use ceased in the mid 1980s, a complete asbestos ban was not implemented until 2003. This resulted in an epidemic of asbestos-related disease, which has only now reached its peak. Between 1982 and 2011, 13,036 individuals were newly diagnosed with malignant mesothelioma, with 690 diagnosed in 2011. A further 778 cases were identified between 1945 and 1981 from retrospective searches and the first 2 years of the Australian Mesothelioma Program. The age-standardized malignant mesothelioma incidence rate has leveled off in the last 10 years (2.8 per 100,000 in 2011). There has been a marked increase over time in the age-specific incidence rates for individuals aged 75 years or older. Data from the current Australian Mesothelioma Registry on asbestos exposure history in Australia is available for 449 subjects diagnosed between July 1, 2010, and April 1, 2015. This asbestos exposure history data show that 60% (n = 268) of cases had probable or possible occupational asbestos exposure, with trade-based jobs being the most frequent sources of occupational asbestos exposure. In addition, out of the 449 cases, 377 were recorded as having probable or possible nonoccupational asbestos exposure. Continuous vigilance toward changes over time in the settings in which people are exposed to asbestos and in the descriptive epidemiology of malignant mesothelioma is recommended to enable a comprehensive understanding of the current and future impact of asbestos-related diseases in Australia.
Reliability assessment of hydrofoil-shaped micro-pin fins (2016)

As the need for high performance and extreme power-dissipation microelectronic devices continues to rise, innovative thermal management solutions are being developed to efficiently remove the high heat fluxes dissipated in these applications. At heat flux rates surpassing the 1000 W/cm2 level in some localized hot spot cases, conductive spreading to an external heat sink is no longer a viable thermal management option. On-chip, enhanced microfluidic cooling with pin fins offers new opportunities to deliver coolant in close proximity to power dissipation zones and hot spots. In state-of-the-art designs a two-phase refrigerant is pumped through a microfluidic channel within an active device absorbing heat at high velocity. Hydrofoil-shaped, silicon micro-pin fins populate the flow space to increase surface area available for heat removal and for liquid films to coalesce. The proposed thermal-management system has been fabricated by etching the microchannel with hydrofoil pin fins into the backside of the silicon device and then bonding it to a capping layer. While the hydrofoil shape is designed to benefit thermal-fluid performance properties, reliability consideration must also be given to the geometry. Phase change of the liquid facilitates optimal heat removal rates but also requires high-pressure conditions for operation. At these high-pressure conditions, the pin fins will be subjected to stress due to fluid pressure. Because of the unique geometry of the hydrofoil pin fins, special consideration must be given to the interaction of stress concentrations due to fluidic pressure loading and the small radius of curvature of the hydrofoil tail. The objective of this paper is to examine the various sources of stress in this high-performance, micro-pin fin channel and explore the reliability of this hydrofoil pin fin design under high-pressure conditions.
Q-Learning based Link Adaptation in 5G (2020)

This paper proposes a novel method of constructing a Q-learning framework for link adaptation (LA) in the fifth generation (5G) mobile network. The state-action function is approximated via a neural network (NN). The state space relies on the hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) and channel state information (CSI) reports from the user equipment (UE). The output of the Q-learning based LA (QLA) approach consists of the assigned modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) and number of layers, which are used to construct the action space. Reward is calculated based on the HARQ information and the transmit block size (TBS). System level simulation in a typical indoor hotspot scenario has been performed, showing that the proposed QLA outperforms the ordinary LA approach in terms of user throughput.
Formation and Hematopoietic Differentiation of Human Embryoid Bodies by Suspension and Hanging Drop Cultures (2007)

The in vitro aggregation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into clusters termed embryoid bodies (EBs) allows for the spontaneous differentiation of cells representing endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm lineages. This stochastic process results however, in the generation of low numbers of differentiated cells, and can be enhanced to some extent by the addition of exogenous growth factors or overexpression of regulatory genes. In the authors' laboratory, the use of hematopoietic cytokines in combination with the mesoderm inducer bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) was able to generate up to 90% of CD45(+) hematopoietic cells with colony-forming unit (CFU) activity. This unit describes two protocols that have been successfully applied in the authors' laboratory for the generation of EBs in (1) suspension and (2) hanging drop (HD) cultures from enzymatically digested clumps of undifferentiated hESC colonies.
Elevated interleukin-8 levels in the urine of patients with urinary tract infections (1993)

Pyuria is one of the main features of urinary tract infections (UTI). Nevertheless, the mechanism of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) recruitment into the urine remains to be investigated. We examined whether interleukin-8 (IL-8), a potent neutrophil chemoattractant and activator, was involved in pyuria seen in UTI. Of 113 patients, 112 had elevated levels of IL-8 in their urine (1,078.0 +/- 181.5 pg/ml), regardless of whether they had an upper or lower UTI; this was in contrast to undetectable levels (less than 16 pg/ml) in the urine of all of the 20 normal individuals and 74 control patients without UTI. A concomitant study revealed increases in urine IL-6, but not IL-1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels in patients with UTI. In addition to gram-negative bacteria, a wide spectrum of microorganisms was capable of inducing IL-8 production in urine. Local production of IL-8 in the urinary tract was suggested by a urine IL-8 level that was higher than the paired serum IL-8 level. The urine IL-8 level correlated with the number of PMN in the urine, and an average of half of the chemotactic activity in urine from patients with UTI could be abrogated by anti-IL-8 antibody treatment in vitro. Furthermore, urine IL-8 purified from patients was bioactive and showed multiple forms on immunoblotting analysis. This is the first documentation of IL-8 in the urine of patients with UTI, and these results imply that IL-8 is involved in inducing PMN migration into the urinary tract.
The use of nucleotide phosphorothioate diastereomers to define the structure of metal‐nucleotide bound to GTP‐AMP and ATP‐AMP phosphotransferases from beef‐heart mitochondria (1984)

The diastereomers of adenosine 5'-O-[1-thio]triphosphate (ATP[alpha S]) and adenosine 5'-O-[2-thio]triphosphate (ATP[beta S]) were utilized to seek unambiguous assignment of Mg2+ coordination to ATP when bound to ATP-AMP phosphotransferase from beef heart mitochondria (AK2). Similarly, the diastereomers of guanosine 5'-O-[thio]triphosphate (GTP[alpha S]) and guanosine 5'-O-[2-thio]triphosphate (GTP[beta S]) were utilized to seek unambiguous assignment of Mg2+ coordination to GTP when bound to GTP-AMP phosphotransferase from beef heart mitochondria (AK3). Furthermore the diastereomers of guanosine 5'-O-[1-thio]diphosphate (GDP-[alpha S]) have been used to assign Mg2+ coordination to GDP when bound to AK3. The ratios (V for isomer Sp)/(V for isomer Rp) obtained in the presence of Mg2+ and Cd2+ are compared to those already published for ATP-AMP phosphotransferases from pig muscle (AK1) [Kalbitzer et al. (1983) Eur. J. Biochem. 133, 221-227] and from baker's yeast (AKy) [Tomasselli and Noda (1983) Eur. J. Biochem. 132, 109-115]. In all cases, coordination of Mg2+ to the beta-phosphate via the pro-R oxygen is present, as shown by reversal of specificity for the diastereomers of ATP [beta S] or GTP [beta S] respectively on changing the metal ion. In contrast, there is no reversal of specificity for the diastereomers of ATP [alpha S] or GTP[alpha S], or for GDP[alpha S] in the case of AK3 for the reverse reaction, indicating that there is no interaction of the metal with the alpha-phosphate group. The observed stereospecificity for the alpha-thiophosphate is consistent with the assumption of an interaction of the pro-R oxygen of the alpha-phosphate group with the enzyme.