gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High extraction efficiency light-emitting diodes based on embedded air-gap photonic-crystals (2010)

This letter reports on high extraction efficiency light-emitting diodes (LEDs) based on embedded two-dimensional air-gap photonic crystals (PhCs). High refractive index contrast provided by the air gaps along with high interaction of the embedded PhCs with the guided light resulted in an efficient extraction of all guided modes in the LED, in contrast to the common surface PhC configuration. Embedded PhC LEDs presented an enhanced directional light emission compared to non-PhC LEDs. High extraction efficiency, close to unity, provided by the encapsulated embedded PhC LEDs demonstrates the capability of this approach to achieve high efficiency devices with directional light emission.
The determination of valence band offset and the current transport properties of the p-NiO/n-ZnO heterojunction (2013)

Electronics industry has been revolutionized since last few decades because of the fabrication of electronic devices by using nanoscale based materials. But the more innovative feature in the electronic devices is the use of transparent materials, which makes the transparent electronic devices as one of the most interesting research field in nanoscience and nano-technology now a days. In order to have high performance electronic devices based on the wide band gap compound semiconductors, a selection of right transparent material is crucial step. Among all the transparent metal oxides, ZnO is one of the potential candidates due to the ease in the synthesis process, wide bandgap of 3.37 eV, a high exciton binding energy of 60 meV and diverse morphologies. Since p-type ZnO based nanodevices are still difficult to fabricate due to the instability and unreliability of p-type ZnO nanomaterial, therefore several p-type semiconductors are used for the development of p-n junctions. Among those NiO is suitable p-type compound semiconductor to make p-n junction with ZnO because of its wide band gap of 3.7 eV and environment friendly conditions for its synthesis. Keeping these attractive properties of n-type ZnO and p-type NiO, the synthesis of composite nanostructures of these two transparent oxides and fabrication of their electronic devices is presented in this dissertation work.I started my work with the synthesis of ZnO nanostructures focusing on the effect of different anions of zinc salts on the morphology and crystallinity of ZnO nanostructures. Then I grow honey-comb like NiO nanostructures on 3D nickel foam and used these nanostructures for the detection of Zinc ion. After that synthesized NiO and ZnO based composite nanostructures and characterized them, having main focus on the luminescence properties of ZnO when decorated with NiO nanostructures. The composite nanostructures of p-type NiO and n-type ZnO showed enhancement in the luminescence properties. Since pn junction is the back bone of electronic devices so working on the designing of band alignment along with the current transport properties of p-type NiO/n-type ZnO composite structures, an attempt was put forwarded to explain the phenomenon of these compound semiconducting materials. Different devices based on these two compound semiconducting materials are fabricated and designed in the present dissertation work, however still more work is required to improve the efficiency of devices like LEDs and UV detectors.
Guest Editorial Introduction to the Special Section on the Joint Call for Proposals on Video Compression With Capability Beyond HEVC (2020)

Standardization for digital video compression has shown significant evolution over the last three decades. Starting in 1988 with ITU-T H.261 as the first such standard that was practical for consumer use, ISO/IEC MPEG-1 and H.262/MPEG-2 video (the latter jointly standardized by ITU-T and ISO/IEC) were developed very soon thereafter, creating the first wave of broad usage of digital technology in consumer video, such as broadcast and disc player applications. Later, the H.264/MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding (AVC) standard was again developed jointly by ITU-T and ISO/IEC experts, with its High Profile becoming dominant from 2004 in HD broadcast and storage, as well as network-based streaming services and private capture of video. With ever-increasing demands for higher quality and the advent of flat-panel displays, the H.265/MPEG-H High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard became the next generation of video compression standard; with its first version defined in 2013, HEVC has been especially instrumental for the recent deployment of Ultra High Definition (UHD, a.k.a. 4K video). As time has moved forward, video content has continued to become an increasing presence in our lives, with an ever-growing diversification of usage models and continuing demands for higher quality. For example, flat panels evolved towards support of high dynamic range (HDR) video with a wider color gamut, and new modalities for consuming video have appeared, such as head-mounted displays (HMDs).
Linkage Specific Fucosylation of Alpha-1-Antitrypsin in Liver Cirrhosis and Cancer Patients: Implications for a Biomarker of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2010)

This report details the stepwise change in the glycosylation of A1AT with the progression from liver cirrhosis to cancer and identifies core fucosylation on A1AT as an HCC specific modification.
Vehicle Trajectory Analysis System via Mutual Information and Sparse Reconstruction (2017)

In past years, the task of automatic vehicle trajectory analysis in video surveillance systems has gained increasing attention in the research community. Vehicle trajectory analysis can identify normal and abnormal vehicle motion patterns and is useful for traffic management. Although some analysis methods of vehicle trajectory have been developed, the application of these methods is still limited in practice. In this study, a novel adaptive vehicle trajectory classification method via sparse reconstruction and mutual information analysis based on video surveillance systems was proposed. The l 0 -norm minimization of sparse reconstruction in the method was relaxed to the l p -norm minimization (0 &lt; p &lt; 1). In addition, to consider the nonlinear correlation between the test trajectory and the dictionary, mutual information between the test trajectory and the reconstructed one was taken into account. A hybrid orthogonal matching pursuit–Newton method (HON) was developed to effectively find the sparse solutions for trajectory classification. Two real-world data sets (including the stop sign data set and straight data set) were used in the experiments to validate the performance and effectiveness of the proposed method. Experimental results show that the trajectory classification accuracy is significantly improved by the proposed method compared with most well-known classifiers, namely, NB, k–nearest neighbor, support vector machine, and typical extant sparse reconstruction methods.
Supplementary Figure S3 from Caveolin Gene Expression Predicts Clinical Outcomes for Early-Stage HER2-Negative Breast Cancer Treated with Paclitaxel-Based Chemotherapy in the GeparSepto Trial (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S3. CAV1 RNA expression is positively correlated with CAV1 protein expression in the TCGA invasive breast carcinoma database.&lt;/p&gt;
Low‐energy electron beam‐induced cationic polymerization with onium salts (2001)

Demand for higher polymer performance with very short cure times has resulted in the development of low energy electron beam processes. This article presents the results of such a process for curing two epoxy systems, namely 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3′,4′-epoxycyclohexane carboxylate and di-glycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA), using the cationic photoinitiator salts, triarylsulfonium hexafluoroantimonate, and diaryliodonium hexafluoroantimonate, respectively. Glass transition temperature measurements were done using a modulated DSC method while the degree of conversion was measured using FTIR spectroscopy. Results indicate that for both epoxy systems a relatively low dosage of not more than 5 Mrad was sufficient to achieve up to 60% conversion, with up to 80% conversion achievable using 30 Mrad. The diaryliodonium salt appeared to be more effective than the sulphonium salt in the above study. The effect of varying photoinitiator concentration and the resulting glass transition temperature has been studied. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 3099–3108, 2001
Subwavelength-diameter silica wires for microscale optical components (2005)

Subwavelength-diameter silica wires fabricated using a taper-drawing approach exhibit excellent diameter uniformity and atomic-level smoothness, making them suitable for low-loss optical wave guiding from the UV to the near-infrared. Such air-clad silica wires can be used as single-mode waveguides; depending on wavelength and wire diameter, they either tightly confine the optical fields or leave a certain amount of guided energy outside the wire in the form of evanescent waves. Using these wire waveguides as building blocks we assembled microscale optical components such as linear waveguides, waveguide bends and branch couplers on a low-index, non-dissipative silica aerogel substrate. These components are much smaller than comparable existing devices and have low optical loss, indicating that the wire-assembly technique presented here has great potential for developing microphotonics devices for future applications in a variety of fields such as optical communication, optical sensing and high-density optical integration.
Human Evaluation and Correlation with Automatic Metrics in Consultation Note Generation (2022)

In recent years, machine learning models have rapidly become better at generating clinical consultation notes; yet, there is little work on how to properly evaluate the generated consultation notes to understand the impact they may have on both the clinician using them and the patient's clinical safety. To address this we present an extensive human evaluation study of consultation notes where 5 clinicians (i) listen to 57 mock consultations, (ii) write their own notes, (iii) post-edit a number of automatically generated notes, and (iv) extract all the errors, both quantitative and qualitative. We then carry out a correlation study with 18 automatic quality metrics and the human judgements. We find that a simple, character-based Levenshtein distance metric performs on par if not better than common model-based metrics like BertScore. All our findings and annotations are open-sourced.
Defining the Value of Spine Care (2013)

The increased cost and frequency of spine-related procedures, expanding indications, and regional variation in care has led to a shift toward delivery of value-based spine care. In this model, payers show preference for interventions and treatments with proven value and incentivize providers who use such interventions and demonstrate value in their practices. Thus, spine care providers must understand how to determine the value of interventions and treatments. Determining value (ie, cost and quality of care, measured over time) can be challenging in the setting of spine care. Data collection and reporting are complicated by variation in diagnostic coding and surgical techniques. Typically, outcomes in spine care are based on subjective patient-reported measures that are influenced by concomitant orthopaedic, medical, and psychological disease. Health utility is a preferable measure of quality that can be converted into quality-adjusted life years and used in cost-effectiveness analysis. Although no standard currently exists, estimates of cost should include both direct and indirect costs of care over an adequate time horizon.
Table S1 from First-in-Human Study of Utomilumab, a 4-1BB/CD137 Agonist, in Combination with Rituximab in Patients with Follicular and Other CD20<sup>+</sup> Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Select laboratory abnormalities by maximum CTCAE grade&lt;/p&gt;
GaN-based external-cavity diode lasers for strontium ion cooling (2022)

Miniaturisation of laser sources is crucial to the translation of quantum technologies from the laboratory to the real world. Typically, the lasers required for cooling and trapping of atoms and ions make up a significant footprint of the measurement system. Increasing robustness and reliability whilst removing noise sources is a key challenge whilst reducing volume. Direct generation GaN based external cavity diode lasers offer lower SWaP-C compared to traditional frequency doubled alternatives. Butterfly packaged single frequency sources operation in the blue - UV allow numerous atomic transitions including Sr, Sr+, Yt, Yb+, Mg and Ca to be targeted.
Investigation of Different Servo Motor Designs for Servo Cycle Operations and Loss Minimizing Control Performance (2018)

Servo motors are widely used in many industrial applications. These motors require precise control of acceleration, speed, and position. Different designs can be found in the literature. This paper will compare the response of two common types and will propose a new servo motor design that uses less magnet, lowering the price of the motor. The proposed motor would be able to save energy for the required application (minimize cost industrial process cost) and would be suitable for high-frequency injection based self-sensing techniques.
Software architecture for live enhancement of medical images (2004)

Minimally-invasive interventions are an important domain of medical real-time imaging modalities. Image processing algorithms that enhance interventional images run within hard real-time and latency constraints due to the required hand-eye coordination of physicians which perform the intervention. To support research activities, we present a flexible software architecture that allows to transfer image enhancement algorithms from research to clinical validation. The software architecture especially pays regard to multimodality interventional scenarios where an intervention runs in close succession to the acquisition of diagnostic data. Including the additional information of such diagnostic acquisitions enables content-based image enhancement. The proposed software architecture administers threads for a graphical user interface, data acquisition, offline preparation of diagnostic data, and the context-based real-time enhancement itself. Using this architecture, it is possible to run arbitrary complex content-based image analysis in real-time with only 9% computational overhead during the latency introducing algorithm run time. The proposed architecture is exemplified with an application for navigation support in cardiac CathLab interventions where diagnostic exposure acquisitions and interventional fluoroscopy can alternate in close succession.
Axial-ligand and metal-metal trans influences in binuclear platinum(III) complexes. Crystal structures and spectroscopic properties of K4[Pt2(P2O5H2)4(SCN)2].cntdot.2H2O, K4[Pt2(P2O5H2)4(NO2)2].cntdot.2KNO2.cntdot.2H2O, and K4[Pt2(P2O5H2)4(C3H3N2)2].cntdot.7H2O (1986)

The crystal structures of K4[Pt2(pop)4(SCN)2]·2H 2O (1), K4[Pt2(pop)4(NO2) 2]·2KNO2-2H2O (2), and K4[Pt2(pop)4(Im)2]·7H 2O (3) have been determined (pop = diphosphite, P2O5H2; ImH = imidazole). Compound 1: space group P1, with a = 9.509 (7) Å, b = 9.494 (5) Å, c = 9.957 (5) Å, α = 117.19 (4)°, β = 110.88 (4)°, γ = 94.18 (4)°, V = 716.4 (6) Å3, and Z = 1. Compound 2: space group C2/c, a = 16.545 (3) Å, b = 18.091 (7) Å, c = 10.653 (2) Å, β = 92.80°, V = 3185 (1) Å3, Z = 4. Compound 3: space group C2/c, a = 19.419 (8) Å, b = 10.843 (4) Å, c = 16.480 (8) Å, β = 98.29 (3)°, V = 3434 (2) Å3, Z = 4. The Pt-Pt bond lengths in [Pt2(pop)4(XY)]4- complexes vary in the order XY = CH3I [2.782 (1) Å] &gt; (SCN)2 [2.760 (1) Å] &gt; (NO2)2 [2.754 (1) Å] &gt; (Im)2 [2.745 (1) Å] &gt; Cl2 [2.695 (1) Å], a trend that parallels the known trans-influence series for these ligands. The axial platinum-ligand bonds are much longer than normal, revealing that the metal-metal bond also exerts a strong trans influence. With the exception of [Pt2(pop)4(Im)2]4- [E(σ → σ*), 250 nm], increasing E (σ → σ*) values [345 nm, CH3I; 282 nm, Cl2] correlate in a qualitative fashion with decreasing Pt-Pt bond distances. © 1986 American Chemical Society.
All-optical format conversion from NRZ to RZ signalsusinga walk-off balanced nonlinear fibre loop mirror (1996)

The authors have successfully demonstrated a novel scheme for signal conversion from the non-return-to-zero to return-to-zero formats by using a walk-off balanced nonlinear fibre loop mirror with duty ratio controllability and with no extinction ratio degradation. This scheme may be very useful in all-optical communication systems as an interfacing device for low speed local networks with high speed optical trunk lines.
Color stable phosphors for LED lamps and methods for preparing them (2023)

An LED lamp includes a light source configured to emit radiation with a peak intensity at a wavelength between about 250 nm and about 550 nm; and a phosphor composition configured to be radiationally coupled to the light source. The phosphor composition includes particles of a phosphor of formula I, said particles having a coating composition disposed on surfaces thereof; ((Sr.sub.1-zM.sub.z).sub.1-(x+w)A.sub.wCe.sub.x).sub.3(Al.sub.1-ySi.sub.y-)O.sub.4+y+3(x-w)F.sub.1-y-3(x-w) I wherein the coating composition comprises a material selected from aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, barium oxide, strontium oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, strontium hydroxide, zinc hydroxide, aluminum phosphate, magnesium phosphate, calcium phosphate, barium phosphate, strontium phosphate, and combinations thereof; and A is Li, NA, K, or Rb, or a combination thereof; M is Ca, Ba, Mg, Zn, or a combination thereof; and 0&lt;x.ltoreq.1.10, 0.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.5, 0.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.0.5, 0.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.x.
Streptococcus suis in a swine farm worker: first isolation in Brazil. (2014)

Streptococcus suis represents a potential zoonosis risk in personnel working in closecontact with swines. The purpose of this study was to evidence the humancarrier status of S. suis in farmworkers belonging to three different pig farms located in three differentcities of the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Cotton swab samples were taken fromtonsils of 28 workers. The S. suis-like strains were identified bypolymerase chain reaction, confirmed by sequencing and serotyped bycoagglutination technique. For the first time in Brazil, one farm worker wasidentified as a human carrier of S. suis.
Proposal of Semantics-Based Web Service Matchmaking (2001)

Web services and Web applications are expected to grow rapidly in near future.Thusthe demand for a search engine for Web services in the Internet will become increasinglysignificant.Nowadays there are extensive efforts underway to make such a mechanism likeUDDI.The mechanism, however, has no matchmaking functionality to find services whichmatch a given service interface.Therefore, we propose a method to find similarity amongservice interfaces.In this paper, we represent semantics of service interfaces in a logicalformat, and show the method to determine whether any pairs of services semantically match.
Fast automatic delineation of cardiac volume of interest in MSCT images (2004)

Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) is an emerging modality for assessing cardiac anatomy. The delineation of the cardiac volume of interest (VOI) is a pre-processing step for subsequent visualization or image processing. It serves the suppression of anatomic structures being not in the primary focus of the cardiac application, such as sternum, ribs, spinal column, descending aorta and pulmonary vasculature. These structures obliterate standard visualizations such as direct volume renderings or maximum intensity projections. In addition, outcome and performance of post-processing steps such as ventricle suppression, coronary artery segmentation or the detection of short and long axes of the heart can be improved. The structures being part of the cardiac VOI (coronary arteries and veins, myocardium, ventricles and atria) differ tremendously in appearance. In addition, there is no clear image feature associated with the contour (or better cut-surface) distinguishing between cardiac VOI and surrounding tissue making the automatic delineation of the cardiac VOI a difficult task. The presented approach locates in a first step chest wall and descending aorta in all image slices giving a rough estimate of the location of the heart. In a second step, a Fourier based active contour approach delineates slice-wise the border of the cardiac VOI. The algorithm has been evaluated on 41 multi-slice CT data-sets including cases with coronary stents and venous and arterial bypasses. The typical processing time amounts to 5-10s on a 1GHz P3 PC.
Serum exosomal microRNA-34a as a potential biomarker in epithelial ovarian cancer (2020)

Serum exosomal miR-34a could be a potential biomarker for improving the diagnostic efficiency of OC.
The role of non‐coordinating anions in homogeneous olefin polymerization (1993)

Abstract We present an overview of homogeneous olefin polymerization catalysts in which chain initiation and propagation involves a metallocenium ion (e.g. Cp 2 ZrMe + ) that can be produced by equilibrium or irreversible CH 3 − transfer. The Kaminsky catalyst is an example of the former. Complexes of (C 6 F 5 ) 3 B with water, alcohols, mercaptans, silanols and oximes are strong acids which can protonate dialkylmetallocenes to produce weakly‐coordinated metallocenium salts that are hydrocarbon soluble and which produce high molecular weight poly‐1‐olefins. Polymer molecular weight is correlated with the steric and electronic effects of the ligands attached to the metal.
ChemInform Abstract: Anionic Hetero(3,3)rearrangements. N,O‐Diacylhydroxylamines to Succinic Acid Derivatives. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Sensor fusion for coastal waters surveillance (2005)

We describe a large sensor field whose mission is to protect coastal waters by detecting objects like submarines. The system is buoy-based and distributed over a littoral area. The opportunities for detection are short and intermittent and the signal to noise ratio is low. The topology of the field changes with time due to currents, wind, tides and storms. The field has a number of gateway nodes that have the capability to transmit off-field through a satellite, a ship or a plane. We propose an approach to fusion that includes on-buoy processing, cooperative processing with nearest neighbors and the potential for off-field processing. Each stage of processing tries both to minimize false positive events and to maximize the probability of detection when an object is present. It also tries to minimize power used in order to prolong the life of the field. We analyze the optimal placement of gateway nodes in the field to minimize power consumption and maximize reliability and probability of successful off-field transmission. We analyze the duty cycles of the sensor and gateway nodes to optimize lifetime. We also analyze the traffic that the field will be expected to handle in order to support network control and coordination, distributed fusion, off-field communication (including queries and responses, and reporting of detection events), forwarding of traffic through individual sensor nodes toward gateways or for fusion.