gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mutational analysis of the ganglioside‐binding activity of the type II Escherichia coli heat‐labile enterotoxin LT‐IIb (1995)

The Escherichia coli type II heat-labile enterotoxin LT-IIb IIb consists of a single A polypeptide and five B polypeptides. The A polypeptide is responsible for the toxic activity, and the B polypeptides function to bind the toxin to gangliosides on the surface of the plasma membrane. Previous studies on the related type II enterotoxin LT-IIa demonstrated the importance of threonine (Thr) residues at positions 13, 14, and 34 in the mature B polypeptide for ganglioside GD1bp-binding activity. In this study, we used sitespecific mutagenesis to investigate ganglioside GD1a-binding activity of the B polypeptide of LT-IIb. We determined that Thr-13 and Thr-14 were involved in binding of ganglioside GD1a by the B polypeptides of LT-IIb but that Thr-34 was not essential. Substitution of serine, but not other amino acids, at position 13 or 14 in the B polypeptide of LT-IIb resulted in retention of ganglioside-binding activity equivalent to that of the wild-type enterotoxin, providing strong evidence that the hydroxyl groups of threonine or serine at positions 13 and 14 are important for the ganglioside-binding activity of LT-IIb. Chimeric genes that expressed hybrids of the B polypeptides of LT-IIb and LT-IIa were also constructed, and analysis of the hybrids showed that the specificity of their ganglioside-binding activity was determined by the N-terminal half of the molecule.
ChemInform Abstract: THE PREPARATION OF 1‐HYDROPERFLUOROHEXYNE, OCTYNE AND DECYNE (1976)

Abstract Aus den Per= fluoralkyl‐äthylenen (I) werden durch eine Reihe von Bromierungs‐ und Dehydrobromierungsschritten die Perfluoralkylacetylene (VI) hergestellt.
静粛超音速研究機(S3TD)及び関連地上設備の基本設計結果 (2010)

JAXA is planning supersonic flight tests in the middle of the 2010's by a newly designed unmanned supersonic airplane named "Silent Supersonic Technology Demonstrator(S3TD)" to demonstrate JAXA's original low boom concepts and its design technologies. 2 year preliminary designs of the S3TD and the ground segments including the sonic boom measurement system have completed. The autonomous S3TD weighs 4.2ton at take off and mitigates its sonic boom at Mach 1.4 to 1.6. The flight tests are planned 30 times or more at Woomera Prohibited Area of Australia. This paper describes the system requirements and the preliminary designs results of them.
Mechanisms of Defibrillation (2008)

This chapter contains sections titled: Defibrillation shock field gradient effects Cleavage planes and anatomical heterogeneity Dispersion of refractoriness and shock timing Future directions Conclusion References
Rotor for a line start permanent magnet machine (2023)

A rotor comprises laminations with a plurality of rotor bar slots with an asymmetric arrangement about the rotor. The laminations also have magnet slots equiangularly spaced about the rotor. The magnet slots extend near to the rotor outer diameter and have permanent magnets disposed in the magnet slots creating magnetic poles. The magnet slots may be formed longer than the permanent magnets disposed in the magnets slots and define one or more magnet slot apertures. The permanent magnets define a number of poles and a pole pitch. The rotor bar slots are spaced from adjacent magnet slots by a distance that is at least 4% of the pole pitch. Conductive material is disposed in the rotor bar slots, and in some embodiments, may be disposed in the magnet slot apertures.
Exploiting frequency correlation in LTE to reduce HARQ memory (2012)

Hybrid ARQ (HARQ) combines Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) and Forward Error Correction (FEC) to exploit information from erroneous packets after retransmissions. Due to its superior reliability, HARQ became a crucial component of several important 3G and 4G systems. Although the performance advantage is very attractive, implementing HARQ is challenging with emerging high throughput communication systems such as LTE and LTE-A. Specifically, a large amount of data needs to be stored whenever there is a retransmission. Knowing that LTE/LTE-A systems would provide Gbps or hundreds of Mbps, a straightforward implementation would require around 14 Mbit memory as HARQ buffer. With cost and power limited wireless terminals, the available memory size to support HARQ is a strict and challenging constraint. Hence, it is essential to find efficient techniques to minimize the memory footprint for storing erroneous packets with marginal or, preferably, no degradation. In the context of LTE systems, we propose a novel method to reduce the memory footprint for HARQ systems. This method has been evaluated with a fully fledged practical LTE simulation chain with MIMO transmissions. Compared to state-of-the-art solutions, we show a promising memory compression factor that is close to 5, whereas communication performance degradation is marginal.
Fluorenone-Containing Poly(p-phenyleneethynylene)s (PPE) and Poly(fluorenyleneethynylene)s (PFE):  Tuning the Solid-State Emission of Alkyne-Bridged Polymers by Interchain Energy Transfer (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTFluorenone-Containing Poly(p-phenyleneethynylene)s (PPE) and Poly(fluorenyleneethynylene)s (PFE): Tuning the Solid-State Emission of Alkyne-Bridged Polymers by Interchain Energy TransferNeil G. Pschirer, Ken Byrd, and Uwe H. F. BunzView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208 Cite this: Macromolecules 2001, 34, 25, 8590–8592Publication Date (Web):November 3, 2001Publication History Received26 July 2001Revised11 September 2001Published online3 November 2001Published inissue 1 December 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma011330mhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma011330mrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views533Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Copolymers,Doping,Energy transfer,Polymers,Thin films Get e-Alerts
Interconnects in the third dimension (2007)

Despite generation upon generation of scaling, computer chips have until now remained essentially 2-dimensional. Improvements in on-chip wire delay and in the maximum number of I/O per chip have not been able to keep up with transistor performance growth; it has become steadily harder to hide the discrepancy. 3D chip technologies come in a number of flavors, but are expected to enable the extension of CMOS performance. Designing in three dimensions, however, forces the industry to look at formerly-two- dimensional integration issues quite differently, and requires the re-fitting of multiple existing EDA capabilities.
Scene text recognition with CNN classifier and WFST-based word labeling (2016)

Natural scene text recognition has proved to be challenging due to the unconstrained wild conditions. In this paper, to solve this problem we propose a method which first detects and recognizes characters by utilizing the high performance Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Then for post-processing, inspired by its success in speech recognition, we employ the efficient and flexible Weight Finite State Transducer (WFST) based word labeling model for incorporation with a lexicon or high order language model. In the experiments we show that the proposed approach can correctly and robustly recognize the text in the scene images and the results for serveral public datasets (ICDAR 2003, SVT and IIIT5K) show comparable or superior performance to the state-of-the-art algorithms.
Metagenomic analysis of bacterial species in tongue microbiome of current and never smokers (2020)

Abstract Cigarette smoking affects the oral microbiome, which is related to various systemic diseases. While studies that investigated the relationship between smoking and the oral microbiome by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing have been performed, investigations involving metagenomic sequences are rare. We investigated the bacterial species composition in the tongue microbiome, as well as single-nucleotide variant (SNV) profiles and gene content of these species, in never and current smokers by utilizing metagenomic sequences. Among 234 never smokers and 52 current smokers, beta diversity, as assessed by weighted UniFrac measure, differed between never and current smokers (pseudo-F = 8.44, R 2 = 0.028, p = 0.001). Among the 26 species that had sufficient coverage, the SNV profiles of Actinomyces graevenitzii , Megasphaera micronuciformis , Rothia mucilaginosa , Veillonella dispar , and one Veillonella sp. were significantly different between never and current smokers. Analysis of gene and pathway content revealed that genes related to the lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis pathway in Veillonella dispar were present more frequently in current smokers. We found that species-level tongue microbiome differed between never and current smokers, and 5 species from never and current smokers likely harbor different strains, as suggested by the difference in SNV frequency.
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-2 from Stat3 Inhibition Augments the Immunogenicity of B-cell Lymphoma Cells, Leading to Effective Antitumor Immunity (2023)

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Resistivity Ahead of the Bit – from Vision to Reality (2018)

Summary The development of the EMLA system adds a new powerful real-time LWD tool to the toolbox. The true look-ahead sensitivity makes it possible for the first time in the industry to react timely to changes in formation resistivity several meters to tens of meters ahead of the bit for vertical and low-angle wells. It will be demonstrated through field applications how the technology has reduced the risk and cost of drilling operations, by assisting in optimizing the well design.
Correction: Why Has the Number of Scientific Retractions Increased? (2013)

The number of retracted scientific publications has risen sharply, but it is unclear whether this reflects an increase in publication of flawed articles or an increase in the rate at which flawed articles are withdrawn.
Recommending materialized views and indexes with the IBM DB2 design advisor (2004)

Materialized views (MVs) and indexes both significantly speed query processing in database systems, but consume disk space and need to be maintained when updates occur. Choosing the best set of MVs and indexes to create depends upon the workload, the database, and many other factors, which makes the decision intractable for humans and computationally challenging for computer algorithms. Even heuristic-based algorithms can be impractical in real systems. In this paper, we present an advanced tool that uses the query optimizer itself to both suggest and evaluate candidate MVs and indexes, and a simple, practical, and effective algorithm for rapidly finding good solutions even for large workloads. The algorithm trades off the cost for updates and storing each MV or index against its benefit to queries in the workload. The tool autonomically captures the workload, database, and system information, optionally permits sampling of candidate MVs to better estimate their size, and exploits multi-query optimization to construct candidate MVs that will benefit many queries, over which their maintenance cost can then be amortized cost-effectively. We describe the design of the system and present initial experiments that confirm the quality of its results on a database and workload drawn from a real customer database.
Vocal resonance as a passive biometric (2014)

We anticipate the advent of body-area networks of pervasive wearable devices, whether for health monitoring, personal assistance, entertainment, or home automation. In our vision, the user can simply wear the desired set of devices, and they “just work”; no configuration is needed, and yet they discover each other, recognize that they are on the same body, configure a secure communications channel, and identify the user to which they are attached. This paper addresses a method to achieve the latter, that is, for a wearable device to identify the wearer, allowing sensor data to be properly labeled or personalized behavior to be properly achieved. We use vocal resonance, that is, the sound of the person’s voice as it travels through the person’s body. By collecting voice samples from a small wearable microphone, our method allows the device to determine whether (a) the speaker is indeed the expected person, and (b) the microphone device is physically on the speaker’s body. We collected data from 25 subjects, demonstrate the feasibility of a prototype, and show that our method works with 77 % accuracy when a threshold is chosen a priori. 1
Scalable Integration of Long-Lived Quantum Memories into a Photonic Circuit (2015)

Quantum networks built out of distinct quantum bits (qubits) connected via photons may enable quantum computation and long-distance communication. The high yield integration of high-quality solid-state qubits into an on-chip photonic circuit could provide a stable and scalable architecture to build such a network.
Reversible Hardware for Acoustic Communications (2020)

Reversible computation has been recognized as a potential solution to the technological bottleneck in the future of computing machinery. Rolf Landauer determined the lower limit for power dissipation in computation and noted that dissipation happens when information is lost, that is, when a bit is erased. This meant that with reversible computation, conserving information conserves energy as well, and as such can operate on arbitrarily small power. There were only a few applications and use cases of reversible computing hardware. Here, we present a novel reversible computation architecture for time reversal of waves, with an application to sound wave communications. This energy-efficient design is also a natural one, and it allows the use of the same hardware for transmission and reception at the time reversal mirror.
3D MAS NMR Experiment Utilizing Through-Space (2017)

We demonstrate a novel 3D NNC magic angle spinning NMR experiment that generates ¹⁵N–¹⁵N internuclear contacts in protein systems using an optimized ¹⁵N–¹⁵N proton assisted recoupling (PAR) mixing period and a ¹³C dimension for improved resolution. The optimized PAR condition permits the acquisition of high signal-to-noise 3D data that enables backbone chemical shift assignments using a strategy that is complementary to current schemes. The spectra can also provide distance constraints. The utility of the experiment is demonstrated on an M₀Aβ₁₋₄₂ fibril sample that yields high-quality data that is readily assigned and interpreted. The 3D NNC experiment therefore provides a powerful platform for solid-state protein studies and is broadly applicable to a variety of systems and experimental conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrified Microheterogeneous Catalysis in Low Ionic Strength Media. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Inhibiting the TE_1-mode diffraction losses in terahertz parallel-plate waveguides using concave plates (2012)

We present numerical and experimental results on inhibiting diffraction losses associated with the lowest order transverse electric (TE1) mode of a terahertz (THz) parallel-plate waveguide (PPWG) via the use of slightly concave plates. We find that there is an optimal radius of curvature that inhibits the diffraction for a given waveguide operating at a given frequency. We also find that introducing this curvature does not introduce any additional group-velocity dispersion. These results support the possibility of realizing long range transport of THz radiation using the TE1 mode of the PPWG.
Microtechnology in the Clinical Laboratory: Will It Solve Analytical Problems, and When Will It Make an Impact? (2010)

The past two decades have seen a phenomenal investment in microtechnology in the biological sciences. But it is often difficult to discern what impact, if any, this diverse technology has had on the clinical laboratory. This difficulty is, in part, due to the almost transparent incorporation of microtechnology in large devices used in the clinical laboratory, or the lack of appreciation of the microtechnological features in many smaller devices.
Operable Heart Disease in the Newborn Period (1969)

AbstractAn operation for heart disease carried out in infancy is likely to be a palliative procedure undertaken with a view toward definitive repair when the patient is older. The ingenious procedure of pulmonary artery banding for large interventricular shunts is typical of this approach. For some lesions, however, a suitable palliative approach is not available, and corrective surgery by means of a pump-oxygenator is the only hope.
Design of a micro-ring resonator electro-optical modulator embedded in a reverse biased PN junction (2008)

Abstract. In this paper, the design of a micro-ring resonator electro-optical modulator using a PN junction embedded in a rib waveguide is reported. A reverse bias of 10V is applied to the junction and shows the possibility to achieve a high modulation depth. The figure of merit of this compact depletion modulator is estimated to be Lp.Vp=3.46 V.cm for a loss varying from about 5 dB/cm to 8.6 dB/cm depending on the voltage applied. 1.
Preclinical and Early Clinical Development of PTC596, a Novel Small-Molecule Tubulin-Binding Agent (2021)

PTC596 is an investigational small-molecule tubulin-binding agent. Unlike other tubulin-binding agents, PTC596 is orally bioavailable and is not a P-glycoprotein substrate. So as to characterize PTC596 to position the molecule for optimal clinical development, the interactions of PTC596 with tubulin using crystallography, its spectrum of preclinical <i>in vitro</i> anticancer activity, and its pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationship were investigated for efficacy in multiple preclinical mouse models of leiomyosarcomas and glioblastoma. Using X-ray crystallography, it was determined that PTC596 binds to the colchicine site of tubulin with unique key interactions. PTC596 exhibited broad-spectrum anticancer activity. PTC596 showed efficacy as monotherapy and additive or synergistic efficacy in combinations in mouse models of leiomyosarcomas and glioblastoma. PTC596 demonstrated efficacy in an orthotopic model of glioblastoma under conditions where temozolomide was inactive. In a first-in-human phase I clinical trial in patients with cancer, PTC596 monotherapy drug exposures were compared with those predicted to be efficacious based on mouse models. PTC596 is currently being tested in combination with dacarbazine in a clinical trial in adults with leiomyosarcoma and in combination with radiation in a clinical trial in children with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma.
Core−Shell Cylinder Morphology in Poly(styrene-b-1,3-cyclohexadiene) Diblock Copolymers (1999)

A microphase-separated core−shell cylinder morphology has been observed, via transmission electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering, in diblock copolymers of polystyrene (PS) and poly(1,3-cyclohexadiene) (PCHD). The structures consist of PS cylindrical cores surrounded by PCHD cylindrical annuli which are then hexagonally packed in a matrix of PS. The materials were produced by anionic polymerization of styrene followed by 1,3-cyclohexadiene. Characterization by size exclusion chromatography revealed a main peak due to diblock with a very narrow molecular weight distribution. However, a significant amount of PS homopolymer (about 30%) was present in the as-synthesized materials. The as-synthesized materials with homopolymer present produced core−shell morphologies, and these structures became much more regular when the homopolymer was removed by fractionation. After fractionation, the pure core−shell forming diblocks had PCHD volume fractions of around 0.37 and polydispersities well under 1.1.
<title>Surface micro-structuring of silica glass by laser-induced backside wet etching using ns-pulsed UV lasers: application into micropatterning of functional materials using self-assembled monolayers</title> (2004)

Silica glass is an important material in optics and optoelectronic devices because of its outstanding properties, such as transparence in a wide wavelength range, strong damage resistance for laser irradiation, and high chemical stability. In order to develop simpler processes of micro-fabricating silica glass using a pulsed laser, we have investigated a one-step method to microfabricate a silica glass plate using laser-induced backside wet etching (LIBWE) upon irradiation with ns-pulsed UV lasers. Two laser irradiation systems were employed for the fabrication; (1) mask projection system with a KrF excimer laser and (2) Galvanometer-based point scanning system with a single mode laser beam from a diode-pumped solid state laser at 266 nm. We have succeeded in a fine micro-fabrication of silica glass surface. In addition, a novel approach in the fabrication of microarrays of dye and protein on fused silica plates using LIBWE technique was achieved. The surace of fused silica plates was initially pre-coated using trimethoxysilane self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), then etched using the LIBWE method to obtain the desired microstructures on the plate surface. Using this technique, the SAMs on the non-irradiated areas were able to survive the LIBWE process, and were used as templates for the subsequent deposition of dye molecules, proteins, or polystyrene microbeads via chemical bonding or physical adsorption.