gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance-Based Seismic Design of Controlled Rocking Steel Braced Frames. II: Design of Capacity-Protected Elements (2014)

Controlled rocking steel braced frames (CRSBFs) are intended to have a self-centering response that avoids damage to main structural elements. To ensure that all nonlinearity is confined to the intended elements at the rocking joint, the frame must be adequately capacity designed. This requires accurate predictions of the peak forces that are likely to develop in all members of the frame while the rocking mechanism reaches its peak rotation. Previous studies have shown that the peak forces in CRSBF members are likely to be strongly influenced by higher mode effects, but these effects can be mitigated by designing multiple nonlinear mechanisms. This paper proposes methods for estimating the peak forces in frame elements, designing an additional mechanism if it is desired to mitigate higher mode effects, and predicting the reduction in response that will be achieved by adding this mechanism. The methods are validated by designing buildings with two, six, and 12 stories, including three alternative designs that use multiple mechanisms to mitigate the higher mode effects. The six frames are modeled using OpenSees and are subjected to 44 ground motions at the maximum considered earthquake level. The peak forces in the taller frames without additional mechanisms are dominated by higher mode effects, but these effects can be estimated using the proposed method. These forces can also be reduced by designing multiple mechanisms, and the proposed method provides a reasonable design-level prediction of this force reduction.
High‐dose cutaneous exposure to mite allergen induces IgG‐mediated protection against anaphylaxis (2016)

High-dose cutaneous exposure to dust mites induced effective blocking IgG production, even if accompanied by IgE production. Our data might support the concept that an increase in IgG titre, not a decrease in IgE titre, is a marker of clinical improvement in allergen-specific immunotherapy.
The Development of Blood Vessels: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms (2002)

All blood vessels share a common function to deliver oxygen to and remove metabolites from peripheral tissues. However, we now know that not all vessels are alike. In fact, they significantly differ in many respects. For instance, some only consist of endothelial cells (capillaries), while others are surrounded by smooth muscle cells (arteries, veins). Arteries differ from veins by the number of smooth muscle cells, but even capillaries without smooth muscle cells express selective arterial or venous markers. Various arteries differ by the embryonic origin of their smooth muscle cells. But even arteries and veins in different organs express specific markers and have specialized functions to accommodate the distinct needs in each organ. Furthermore, vessels in an embryo are actively growing in an ordered pattern and are quiescent in a healthy adult, but they are completely chaotic and growing in an uncontrolled manner in a sick patient with a tumor. Genetic analysis over the last 10 years has provided stunning insights in the cellular and molecular mechanisms that define the formation and function of these distinct vessels. These insights are discussed in this overview.
Temperature dependence of Si-based thin film solar cells near phase boundary (2007)

The temperature dependence of silicon (Si)-based thin film single junction solar cells whose intrinsic absorbers were fabricated near the phase boundary of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) to hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon (&mu;c-Si:H) was investigated. By varying the hydrogen dilution ratio, wide bandgap protocrytalline silicon (pc-Si:H) and the mixed-phase of a-Si:H and &mu;c-Si:H absorber layers were obtained. Photo J-V characteristics were measured under AM1.5 illumination at ambient temperature in the range of 25-75 &deg;C. We found that the pc-Si:H solar cells which exist below the a-Si:H and µc-Si:H transition boundary exhibited the lowest temperature coefficient (TC) for conversion efficiency (&eta;) and open-circuit voltage (V<sub>oc</sub>), while the solar cells fabricated at the mixed-phase of a-Si:H and &mu;c-Si:H revealed a relatively high TC for &eta; and V<sub>oc</sub>. Experimental results indicated that pc-Si:H which fabricated at the silane concentration (SC), SC = [SiH<sub>4</sub>]/([SiH<sub>4</sub>]+[H<sub>2</sub>]), of 5.75% showed the highest initial &eta;, low TC for &eta; and degradation ratio. This material at this condition is a promising for using as an absorber layer of single junction or top cell for tandem solar cells which operating in high temperature regions.
Amine Dynamics in Diamine-Appended Mg2(dobpdc) Metal–Organic Frameworks (2019)

Variable-temperature <sup>15</sup>N solid-state NMR spectroscopy is used to uncover the dynamics of three diamines appended to the metal-organic framework Mg<sub>2</sub>(dobpdc) (dobpdc<sup>4-</sup> = 4,4'-dioxidobiphenyl-3,3'-dicarboxylate), an important family of CO<sub>2</sub> capture materials. The results imply both bound and free amine nitrogen environments exist when diamines are coordinated to the framework open Mg<sup>2+</sup> sites. There are rapid exchanges between two nitrogen environments for all three diamines, the rates and energetics of which are quantified by <sup>15</sup>N solid-state NMR data and corroborated by density functional theory calculations and molecular dynamics simulations. The activation energy for the exchange provides a measure of the metal-amine bond strength. The unexpected negative correlation between the metal-amine bond strength and CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption step pressure reveals that metal-amine bond strength is not the only important factor in determining the CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption properties of diamine-appended Mg<sub>2</sub>(dobpdc) metal-organic frameworks.
Second harmonic generation in orientation-patterned AlGaAs waveguides pumped at 1.55 μm (2002)

We have developed an all-epitaxial orientation-patterning technique allowing us to grow QPM AlGaAs waveguides. We report here second-harmonic generation (SHG) in orientation-patterned AlGaAs waveguides pumped at 1.55 /spl mu/m.
Patients with depression display cytokine levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid similar to patients with diffuse neurological symptoms without a defined diagnosis (2016)

Patients with depression had a similar cytokine profile as nondepressive patients, both systemically and in CSF. Fatigue was associated with higher levels of some inflammatory markers in the control group. It is possible that the presence of fatigue in a large proportion of patients and controls could contribute to the lack of difference in cytokine levels between these two groups.
Data from Combined MEK/PD-L1 Inhibition Alters Peripheral Cytokines and Lymphocyte Populations Correlating with Improved Clinical Outcomes in Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;Biliary tract cancers (BTC) are aggressive malignancies refractory to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. MEK inhibition (MEKi)-based regimens may have utility in this disease when combined with PD-L1 blockade. We hypothesize that dual MEK/PD-L1 inhibition alters circulating soluble and cellular immune mediators to improve clinical outcomes in patients with advanced BTC.&lt;/p&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;p&gt;We examined immune features in peripheral blood from 77 patients with advanced BTC enrolled in a phase II clinical trial investigating atezolizumab with or without cobimetinib. Plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from whole blood to evaluate soluble factors and immune cell populations. Baseline blood samples were additionally compared with healthy donors to identify immune signatures unique to BTC.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;At baseline, the soluble factors platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGF)-BB, placental growth factor (PlGF)-1, IL5, and IL17A were elevated in patients with BTC compared with healthy adult donors, and higher baseline frequencies of CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;BTLA&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells correlated with better overall survival (OS) in this trial. There were also significant treatment-related alterations in several factors, including decreased PDGF-BB following combination treatment, that correlated with improved OS and progression-free survival (PFS). Higher baseline levels of IL23 and RANTES corresponded to improved clinical outcomes following combination treatment. Dual MEK/PD-L1 inhibition increased populations of CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;TIM3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and decreased CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;VISTA&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells, correlating with worse OS and better PFS, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;This work represents a comprehensive analysis of peripheral immune features in patients with BTC and systemic responses to dual MEK/PD-L1 inhibition. These data support further investigation to understand how MEKi combines with immunotherapeutic approaches to improve clinical outcomes for patients with advanced BTC.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Microglial Calcium Waves During the Hyperacute Phase of Ischemic Stroke (2020)

Our findings demonstrate that microglia participate in ischemic brain injury via previously undetected mechanisms, which may provide new avenues for therapeutic interventions.
SU‐D‐18C‐06: Initial Experience with Implementing MRI Safety Guidelines for Patients with Pacemakers – Medical Physicist Perspective (2014)

Purpose: Several institutions have developed MRI guidelines for patients with MR‐unsafe or MR‐conditional pacemakers. Here we highlight the role of a medical physicist in implementing these guidelines for non‐pacemaker dependent patients. Guidelines: Implementing these guidelines requires involvement from several medical specialties and a strong collaboration with the site MRI supervisor to develop a structured workflow. A medical physicist is required to be present during the scan to supervise the MR scanning and to maintain a safety checklist that ensures: 1) uninterrupted patient communication with the technologist, 2) continuous patient physiologic monitoring (e.g. blood pressure and electrocardiography) by a trained nurse, 3) redundant patient vitals monitoring (e.g. pulse oximetry) due to the possibility of in vivo electrocardiography reading fluctuations during image acquisition. A radiologist is strongly recommended to be available to review the images before patients are discharged from the scanner. Pacemaker MRI should be restricted to 1.5T field strength. The MRI sequences should be optimized by the physicist with regards to: a) SAR: limited to &lt;1.5 W/Kg for MR‐unsafe pacemakers in normal operating mode, b) RF exposure time: &lt;30 min, c) Coils: use T/R coils but not restricted to such, d) Artifacts: further optimization of sequences whenever image quality is compromised due to the pacemaker. In particular, cardiac, breast and left‐shoulder MRIs are most susceptible to these artifacts. Possible strategies to lower the SAR include: a) BW reduction, 2) echo‐train‐length reduction, 3) increase TR, 4) decrease number of averages, 5) decrease flip angle, 6) reduce slices and/or a combination of all the options. Conclusion: A medical physicist in collaboration with the MR supervisor plays an important role in the supervision/implementation of safe MR scanning of pacemaker patients. Developing and establishing a workflow has enabled our institution to scan over 30 patients with pacemakers without complications, including 3 cardiac MR exams.
Microseismic monitoring for reliable CO2 injection and storage — Geophysical modeling challenges and opportunities (2021)

Abstract Recently, the oil and gas industry started to experience a major evolution that could impact the geophysical community for decades. The effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions will lead to more renewable energy and less fossil fuel consumption. In parallel, the carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) business is expected to develop rapidly. However, reliably injecting massive amounts of CO2 underground is more challenging than producing hydrocarbons from a known reservoir. Site integrity monitoring and CO2 leak detection are among the biggest challenges. Capabilities to address these challenges will be requested by regulators and the public for acceptance. This surveillance requires technologies such as microseismic monitoring either from the surface or borehole. Each CCUS project will need a preinjection feasibility study in order to design the best sensor network architecture and to set performance expectancies. Acquisition will be performed over long periods of time. Data harvesting and processing will be performed permanently in automated workflows. For these objectives, site operators must demonstrate their expertise through permanent benchmarks based on a common modeling and simulating platform. Microseismic monitoring is not fully mature and presents additional unsolved challenges for large-scale projects such as CCUS. Using a common and public geologic model to generate synthetic data is a solution to gain more credibility. Limitations can be mitigated after analyzing and quantifying gaps such as localization uncertainties. The model is complex due to the nature of CO2 injection and will evolve over time. A public consortium, such as the SEG Advanced Modeling (SEAM) Corporation, that gathers expertise to generate a common model and synthetic data sets will give the credibility and openness necessary to progress in scientific knowledge. It will also provide the necessary transparency for regulatory approval and public acceptance. A new common CCUS modeling platform offers opportunities to work more efficiently within different disciplines.
Lower Glucose Effectiveness Is Associated with Postprandial Hyperglycemia in Obese/Overweight Men, Independently of Insulin Secretion (2022)

The role of glucose effectiveness on postprandial hyperglycemia in daily life is not fully studied. Here, we examined the association between SgIo, an index of glucose effectiveness calculated from a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test, and the indices of hyperglycemia in obese/overweight men. SgIo was significantly associated with 1,5-anhydroglycitol, a biochemical marker for postprandial hyperglycemia. The receiver operating characteristic analyses of SgIo and oral disposition index for detecting the subjects with 1,5-anhydroglycitol < 14 μg/mL revealed that the areas under the curves were 0.77 and 0.76, while the cutoff points (sensitivity, selectivity) were 2.53 (0.9, 0.7) and 2.06 (0.36, 0.79), respectively. Both the SgIo < 2.53 category and the disposition index < 2.06 category were significantly associated with the percentages of meals with postprandial glucose levels ≥ 200 mg/dL, and the percentages of time when continuous glucose monitoring sensor readings were ≥200 mg/dL. After adjustment with disposition index, 45.5% of the subjects with the SgIo < 2.53 category had their 1,5-anhydroglycitol < 14 μg/mL, while, in the SgIo ≥ 2.53 category, 3.6% of the subjects had the hyperglycemia (p < 0.001). In addition, there were tendencies toward higher and lower SgIo quartile categories in subjects with walking (≥8000 steps) ≥60% of days and with noodle ingestion ≥20% of meals, respectively (p for trend, 0.008 and 0.038). In conclusion, lower glucose effectiveness is associated with postprandial hyperglycemia in the daily life of obese/overweight men, independently of insulin secretion. Lifestyles such as habits of walking and noodle ingestion are significantly associated with higher and lower glucose effectiveness, respectively.
The Illinois functional programming interpreter (1987)

The Illinois Functional Programming (IFP) language is a modified version of Backus' FP(1). IFP has the same side-effect free combinator style of Backus FP, while introducing an ALGOL-like syntax and structure. While IFP superficially appears to be an inefficient language to execute, its simplicity makes it quick to interpret. Functions are always monadic and there are no variable or parameter names. Furthermore, combinator-style languages allow common housekeeping operations to be condensed into efficient machine-language primitives.By reference-counting, the interpreter can often convert call-by-value to destructive call-by-reference while preserving referential transparency. The interpreter has an expression cache which can improve the asymptotic time of some combinatorial functions. IFP function definitions are stored as UNIX files, so much of UNIX's functionality is immediately borrowed into the IFP environment, e.g. ls, more , and grep .Benchmarks indicate that IFP is an order of magnitude faster than Berkeley FP[2], and is competitive with interpreted von-Neumann languages such as BASIC. The interpreter can parallel process on shared-memory multiprocessors, e.g. the Encore Multimax. IFP currently runs on machines as varied as the IBM PC, VAX, and CRAY-XMP.
Multiple and Interconnected Pathways for l -Lysine Catabolism in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 (2005)

L-lysine catabolism in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 was generally thought to occur via the aminovalerate pathway. In this study we demonstrate the operation of the alternative aminoadipate pathway with the intermediates D-lysine, L-pipecolate, and aminoadipate. The simultaneous operation of both pathways for the use of L-lysine as the sole carbon and nitrogen source was confirmed genetically. Mutants with mutations in either pathway failed to use L-lysine as the sole carbon and nitrogen source, although they still used L-lysine as the nitrogen source, albeit at reduced growth rates. New genes were identified in both pathways, including the davB and davA genes that encode the enzymes involved in the oxidation of L-lysine to delta-aminovaleramide and the hydrolysis of the latter to delta-aminovalerate, respectively. The amaA, dkpA, and amaB genes, in contrast, encode proteins involved in the transformation of Delta1-piperidine-2-carboxylate into aminoadipate. Based on L-[U-13C, U-15N]lysine experiments, we quantified the relative use of pathways in the wild type and its isogenic mutants. The fate of 13C label of L-lysine indicates that in addition to the existing connection between the D- and L-lysine pathways at the early steps of the catabolism of L-lysine mediated by a lysine racemase, there is yet another interconnection at the lower end of the pathways in which aminoadipate is channeled to yield glutarate. This study establishes an unequivocal relationship between gene and pathway enzymes in the metabolism of L-lysine, which is of crucial importance for the successful colonization of the rhizosphere of plants by this microorganism.
Smart Energy Resources: Supply and Demand (2017)

Smart Energy Resources is the term used to define the new set of resources available to utilities to balance the supply-demand equation-renewable generation, energy storage, and consumer demand management. This chapter examines the potential impact of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) on the existing grid, describes methods of using smart grid technologies to alleviate foreseen problems, and investigates potential opportunities to enhance the performance of the electric grid using PEVs. Utilities and grid operators have assumed complete responsibility for meeting consumer demand, regardless of the pattern of the demand or how much it costs to provide the electricity. Due to the geographic location of renewable resources, much of the expected new renewable generation additions will be connected via one or two utility's transmission systems. The main obstacle to non-fossil resources (excluding nuclear that has its own challenges) is the intermittency of renewable generation, which limits the amount that can be integrated and compels system operators to schedule/dispatch expensive reserve units.
Decoherence of the flux-based superconducting qubit in an integrated circuit environment (2003)

Superconducting, flux-based qubits are promising candidates for the construction of a large scale quantum computer. We present an explicit quantum mechanical calculation of the coherent behavior of a flux based quantum bit in a noisy experimental environment such as an integrated circuit containing bias and control electronics. We show that non-thermal noise sources, such as bias current fluctuations and magnetic coupling to nearby active control circuits, will cause decoherence of a flux-based qubit on a timescale comparable to recent experimental coherence time measurements.
Femtosecond Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy (2007)

Femtosecond Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy is a new time-resolved vibrational technique that enables the recording of high resolution (10-20 cm−1) vibrational spectra of dynamic and reactive chemical and biological systems with &lt; 50fs time resolution.
In vivo role of IFN‐γ produced by antigen‐presenting cells in early host defense against intracellular pathogens (2003)

Antigen-presenting cells (APC), including dendritic cells and macrophages, produce a large amount of interferon (IFN)-gamma, a crucial cytokine for the control of infectious diseases. To elucidate the role of IFN-gamma from APC in vivo, we employed cytokine receptor common gamma subunit (gamma c) and recombination-activating gene (Rag)-2 double-knockout (gamma c(-/-(y))-Rag-2(-/-)) mice, which are severely impaired in IFN-gamma production and are extremely susceptible to infection of intracellular pathogens including Listeria monocytogenes and Toxoplasma gondii. Adoptive transfer of IFN-gamma-producing APC increased levels of serum IFN-gamma and the resistance to Listeria. Although depletion of NK cells from Rag-2(-/-) mice slightly increased the susceptibility to bacterial infection, they are substantially more resistant than gamma c(-/-(y))-Rag-2(-/-) mice, which are also devoid of all lymphoid cells. These results demonstrate that the APC-derived IFN-gamma contributes to the control of infectious agents in vivo.
Mortality related to candidemia and risk factors associated with non-Candida albicans (2015)

To the Editor, We read the article by Ng et al. [1], ‘Incidence and mortality of sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock in intensive care unit patients with candidemia,’ with special interest. Of ...