gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SLIT2, a human homologue of the Drosophila Slit2 gene, has tumor suppressor activity and is frequently inactivated in lung and breast cancers. (2002)

Slit2 plays a vital role in axon guidance by signaling through Robo receptors. Recent evidence suggests that Slit2 protein may function in other settings because human and Xenopus Slit2 has been shown to inhibit leukocyte chemotaxis. SLIT2 protein is a putative ligand for the ROBO receptors. We recently demonstrated that ROBO1 is inactivated by promoter region hypermethylation in <20% of human cancers; furthermore, tumor suppressor activity has not been shown. Thus, the importance of ROBO1 inactivation in human cancer is uncertain. Therefore, we investigated the status of SLIT2 located at 4p15.2 in lung and breast cancers. Although somatic SLIT2 mutations were not detected, epigenetic inactivation was common. SLIT2 promoter methylation was detected in 59% of breast cancer, 77% of non-small cell lung cancer, and 55% of small cell lung cancer cell lines. In these tumor lines, SLIT2 expression was restored by treatment with a demethylating agent. SLIT2 promoter methylation was detected in 43% of breast cancer, 53% of non-small cell lung cancer, and 36% of small cell lung cancer primary tumors. The majority of methylated tumors demonstrated allelic loss at 4p15.2. In addition, SLIT2 expression was down-regulated in methylated breast tumors, relative to normal control, as demonstrated by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR. Overexpression of SLIT2 suppressed >70% of colony growth in each of three breast tumor lines (with either absent or low SLIT2 expression). Because SLIT2 is primarily a secreted protein, SLIT2-conditioned medium suppressed the growth of several breast cancer lines (with absent or weak SLIT2expression) by 26-51% but had no significant effect on a breast tumor cell line that expresses normal levels of SLIT2. These findings demonstrate that SLIT2 is frequently inactivated in lung and breast cancer by promoter region hypermethylation and allele loss and is an excellent candidate for the lung and breast tumor suppressor gene previously mapped to 4p15.2.
Some Observations and Guidance on Perspectives in the Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (2023)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTSome Observations and Guidance on Perspectives in the Journal of Medicinal ChemistryDean G. Brown*Dean G. Brown*[email protected]More by Dean G. Brownhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7130-3928, Nicholas A. Meanwell*Nicholas A. Meanwell*[email protected]More by Nicholas A. Meanwellhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8857-1515, and Craig W. Lindsley*Craig W. Lindsley*[email protected]More by Craig W. Lindsleyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0168-1445Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 2023, 66, 4, 2209–2210Publication Date (Web):February 15, 2023Publication History Received6 February 2023Published online15 February 2023Published inissue 23 February 2023https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00208https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00208editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2023 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views5060Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (846 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Chemical structure,Drug discovery,Heterocyclic compounds,Medicinal chemistry,Quality management Get e-Alerts
Stavudine plus Lamivudine in Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease: A Short‐Term Pilot Study (1997)

The short-term effects of stavudine (d4T) plus lamivudine (3TC) were evaluated among 48 human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients for whom zidovudine therapy had failed or who could not tolerate zidovudine. Patients were followed for 8 weeks after initiation of open-label d4T plus 3TC. Four patients discontinued therapy, because of neutropenia (1), hepatitis (1), or neuropathy (2). Reduction in virus load was -0.86 (+0.3 to -3.4) log10 copies/mL and CD4 cell increase was 30 (-100 to +290) cells/mm3. Virologic response was associated with a higher CD4 cell count, no prior exposure to d4T and 3TC, and no previous AIDS-defining illness. Virus load reduction for patients naive to 3TC and d4T was -1.47 (-0.14 to -3.37) log10 copies/mL. Short-term use of d4T plus 3TC is safe, well-tolerated, and associated with virologic and substantial immunologic benefits. Further evaluation of d4T and 3TC in combination is warranted.
Process induced Wafer Geometry impact on center and edge lithography performance for sub 2X nm nodes (2015)

The change to vertical NAND will make the process complexity increase in traditional steps for example high temperature furnace processing, film deposition using CVD, CMP to planarize the deposited film, film etching, wafer bevel and backside processing. With these significant changes in complexity, wafer topology will get worse and less stable. Our current methodology and technique to detect problems caused by wafer topology need a better metric to represent line performance. In this paper we will propose a new method using Patterned Wafer Geometry (PWG) tool to measure and detect wafer topology changes inline. This method will be compared to traditional methods like thickness measurement, defect scan, and probe data. PWG metrics were proven to predict yield or defect problem caused by wafer topology roll off, especially at the edge of the wafer. These metrics are capable of detecting intra-field topology change as well as wafer-to-wafer topology fluctuation. This new technique has the advantage of higher sampling rate and potential feed forward capability to stabilize inline performance.
Middle Cerebral Artery Stenosis: Endovascular and Surgical Options (2005)

Atherosclerotic middle cerebral artery stenosis is a rare but potentially devastating cause of cerebral ischemia and stroke. While medical management remains the mainstay for stroke prevention, surgical and/or endovascular intervention is indicated in selected patients. This article reviews the role of surgery and endovascular techniques in the treatment of middle cerebral artery stenosis based on its natural history, pathophysiology, and prognosis when treated medically.
Zero-field magnetometry based on nitrogen-vacancy ensembles in diamond (2019)

At zero ambient field, ground state Zeeman sublevels in ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy centers lose first-order sensitivity to magnetic fields as they are mixed by crystal strain and electric fields. To overcome this, we address specific transitions using polarization-selective microwave excitation and perform zero-field magnetometry with a 250 pT/√Hz noise floor.
Frailty and falls among adult patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis: a prospective cohort study (2013)

Frailty, a validated construct in the elderly, was a strong and independent predictor of falls in adults undergoing hemodialysis, regardless of age. Our results may aid in identifying frail hemodialysis patients who could be targeted for multidimensional fall prevention strategies.
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemical Mechanisms Responsible for the Versatile Application of Naphthalimides and Naphthaldiimides in Biological Systems (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on outpatient visit volume in cancer patients: Results of COMETA multicenter retrospective observational study (2023)

During the first pandemic wave, no significant difference was observed amongst COVID-free and COVID-mixed Institutes and between CCCCs and a Community Hospital. In 2021 ("late pandemic year"), it has been more convenient to organize COVID-mixed pathway in the CCCCs rather than to keep the Institutions COVID-free. A swinging modality in the Community Hospital did not offer positive results in term of visit volumes. Our study about the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on visit volume in cancer outpatients may help health systems to optimize the post-pandemic use of resources and improve healthcare policies.
Blind identification of ARMA channels with periodically modulated inputs (1998)

Previous results have pointed out the importance of inducing cyclostationarity at the transmitter for blind identification of FIR communication channels. The present paper considers the blind identification problem of an ARMA (p,q) channel by exploiting the cyclostationarity induced at the transmitter through periodic encoding of the input. It is shown that causal and stable ARMA (p,q) channels can be uniquely identified from the output second-order cyclic statistics, irrespective of the location of channel poles and zeros and color of additive stationary noise, provided that the cyclostationary input has at least q+1 nonzero cycles.
Surface Plasmon-Enhanced Nanopillar Photodetectors (2011)

We demonstrate nanopillar-(NP) based plasmon-enhanced photodetectors (NP-PEPDs) operating in the near-infrared spectral regime. A novel fabrication technique produces subwavelength elongated nanoholes in a metal surface self-aligned to patterned NP arrays that acts as a 2D plasmonic crystal. Surface plasmon Polariton Bloch waves (SPP-BWs) are excited by the metal nanohole array resulting in electric field intensity "hot spots" in the NP. The NP periodicity determines the peak responsivity wavelength while the nanohole asymmetry produces polarization-dependent coupling of the SPP-BW modes. Resulting photodetectors have 0.28 A/W responsivity peaked at 1100 nm at a reverse bias of -5 V. Designs for further increasing the optical coupling efficiency into the nanopillar are explored. This technology has potential applications for plasmonically enhanced focal plane arrays and plasmonic photovoltaics.
High brightness light sources based on LD-pumped luminescent converters and LED-pumped luminescent concentrators (2019)

Although LEDs have penetrated successfully in many lighting domains, high brightness light source applications are still suffering from their limited luminance. High power LEDs are generally limited to less than 100 Mnit (10<sup>8</sup> lm/m<sup>2</sup>sr), while dedicated devices for projection may achieve pulsed peak luminance values up to 200 Mnit for phosphorconverted green. For high luminous flux applications with limited etendue, like in stage or architecture spot lighting or in front projection, in the beam only very modest luminance values can be achieved with LEDs compared to systems based on discharge lamps. In this paper we evaluate light engine concepts based on static luminescent converters pumped by blue laser diodes, and concepts based on luminescent concentrators pumped by blue LEDs. Both concepts break through the flux and brightness requirements for these applications by enabling luminance values that are a factor five to ten higher than what can be achieved with LEDs. With continuous wave irradiation of a 10 mm<sup>2</sup> static converter by multiple laser diodes, 47 klm yellow-green emission was achieved at 1.5 Gnit source luminance, or 40 klm @1.2 Gnit in a collimated beam. With yellow-green light concentrator modules, 16 klm yellow-green emission was achieved at 1.2 Gnit collimated beam luminance. Thermal conditions are much more relaxed in luminescent concentrator modules than for static laser diode (LD) pumped converter systems. The High Lumen Density (HLD) LED-based luminescent concentrator, with its advantage of scalability in both flux and luminance, enables breakthrough performance in projection systems and in a wide variety of other applications. Laser-pumped converters, on the other hand, easily scale in flux proportional to their source size at constant luminance. They show very high flux capability and comparable brightness, enabling scope extension with extremely high flux solid state light sources.
Comparison of Alternative Primary Outcome Measures for Use in Lupus Nephritis Clinical Trials (2013)

The choice of primary outcome measure can substantially influence the ability to detect therapeutic benefit in lupus nephritis trials. This study suggests that complete response rate, major clinical response rate at 52 weeks, and time to complete response may be the most sensitive outcome measures for detecting differences among therapeutic regimens.
Laser-Induced Solid-Phase Doped Graphene (2014)

There have been numerous efforts to improve the performance of graphene-based electronic devices by chemical doping. Most studies have focused on gas-phase doping with chemical vapor deposition. However, that requires a complicated transfer process that causes undesired doping and defects by residual polymers. Here, we report a solid-phase synthesis of doped graphene by means of silicon carbide (SiC) substrate including a dopant source driven by pulsed laser irradiation. This method provides in situ direct growth of doped graphene on an insulating SiC substrate without a transfer step. A numerical simulation on the temperature history of the SiC surface during laser irradiation reveals that the surface temperature of SiC can be accurately controlled to grow nitrogen-doped graphene from the thermal decomposition of nitrogen-doped SiC. Laser-induced solid-phase doped graphene is highly promising for the realization of graphene-based nanoelectronics with desired functionalities.
Cyclische Metall(IV)‐amide (1991)

Cyclic Metal(IV)Amides Synthesis and structure of cyclic amide complexes of quadrivalent titanium, vanadium, and chromium are described, and their electrochemical behavior is investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The novel amides of formula ML 2 {MTi, ( 3b ); MV, ( 3c ); MCr, ( 3d ); L=[(CH 3 ) 3 SiNCH 2 CH 2 NSi(CH 3 ) 3 ]} are formed by reaction of the halide adducts MCl 3 (THF) 3 with the dilithium salt Li 2 L with concomitant disproportionation. Formation of 3d proceeds via the complex [3 d] ⊖ and requires additional oxidation with oxygen or iodine. An X‐ray crystalstructure determination of 3b reveals the titanium atom in strongly distorted tetrahedral environment with approximate symmetry D 2d . The amide complexes 3b – d are monomeric, thermally stable, and sublime readily without decomposition; they are very sensitive to water and soluble in all common organic solvents.
Resolution of blood-stage malarial infections in CD8+ cell-deficient beta 2-m0/0 mice. (1993)

We utilized a definitive model of CD8+ T cell deficiency, the beta 2-microglobulin-deficient (beta 2-m0/0) mouse, to determine whether CD8+ T cells are required in the resolution of blood-stage malaria. In a parallel experiment, C57Bl/6 mice treated with anti-CD8 mAb showed significantly higher levels of parasitemia than untreated C57Bl/6 control mice at several points during the infection. This finding suggests some role for CD8+ cells in containing malaria. However, the beta 2-m0/0 mice, which are genetically blocked from expressing MHC class I or class Ib glycoproteins and therefore have < 2.5% of the normal number of CD8+ T cells, nevertheless resolved infections with three virulence variants of murine Plasmodium. The resolution of Plasmodium chabaudi adami, Plasmodium yoelii yoelii 17X, and Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS infections by beta 2-m0/0 mice in the virtual absence of CD8+ cells demonstrates that these cells are not required to suppress murine malaria and that the suppression mechanism is not MHC class I restricted. The similarity of the time-course for resolution of infection in beta 2-m0/0 and intact control mice with all three subspecies of Plasmodium further supports the lack of a requirement for CD8+ T cells in the suppression of malarial parasitemia.
GM-CSF DNA induces specific patterns of cytokines and chemokines in the skin: implications for DNA vaccines (2002)

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) enhances immune responses by inducing the proliferation, maturation, and migration of dendritic cells, and the expansion and differentiation of B and T lymphocytes. Similar biological effects have been observed with the use of GM-CSF DNA in mouse models for therapy of cancer and infectious diseases, and its use is currently being investigated in clinical trials in combination with DNA vaccines. To further understand the adjuvant mechanisms of GM-CSF DNA, we examined early events following its administration. We found measurable levels of GM-CSF protein in the skin and muscle, as well as in serum. Measurements of other cytokine and chemokine levels revealed differential expression patterns over time. The early response was characterized by high levels of inflammatory molecules, including IL-1beta, IL-6, TNFalpha, RANTES, MIP-1alpha and MCP-1, later followed by expression of precursor Th1 cytokines, IL-12 and IL-18, concomitant with IFNgamma production. Local production of GM-CSF protein also resulted in the early recruitment of polymorphonuclear cells and later recruitment of mononuclear cells, including dendritic cells. These results have implications for understanding early events in the immune response to DNA vaccines, and provide a basis for development of new approaches to cancer vaccines, including the use of cytokine genes as adjuvants.
Rho‐kinase signalling regulates trypsinogen activation and tissue damage in severe acute pancreatitis (2010)

Our novel data suggest that Rho-kinase signalling plays an important role in acute pancreatitis by regulating trypsinogen activation and subsequent CXC chemokine formation, neutrophil infiltration and tissue injury. Thus, these results indicate that Rho-kinase may constitute a novel target in the management of SAP.
DNAReplication: Prokaryotes (2018)

Abstract The accurate replication of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is necessary to all biological life. DNA replication involves three distinct phases: initiation, elongation and termination, and the commonality runs through all types of living cellular‐based organisms. While all forms of life replicate DNA in a similar manner, higher order organisms tend to have more proteins and enzymes involved in the process, with complex mechanisms poorly understood. For this reason, bacteria and archaeans have proven to be valuable tools to be used to further our understanding of mammalian life. The most commonly characterised of the prokaryotes is the bacteria Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) and its infecting phages (bacteriophages), with each having a mechanism unique to the process. Key Concepts The study of replication in prokaryotes has formed the basis of our understanding of replicative mechanisms common to all organisms. Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) is an excellent bacterial system that can be used to study the three distinct stages of DNA replication: initiation, elongation and termination. Bacteriophages represent a special group of prokaryote‐like systems that provide a platform to study specific mechanisms of replication in a more isolated and simplified manner. Circular single‐stranded DNA bacteriophages, such as ΦX174, replicate their genome through an intermediate double‐stranded replicative form. Double‐stranded DNA bacteriophages, such as λ, cyclise upon infection and replicate similar to their host. T series bacteriophage systems do not cyclise upon infection, and have developed clever strategies to terminate DNA replication without loss of genetic information (3′ overhang problem).
Interactions ofHaemophilus parasuisand its LOS with porcine brain microvascular endothelial cells (2008)

Haemophilus parasuis is a swine pathogen that causes Glässer's disease, which is characterized by polyserositis and meningitis. The pathogenesis of the H. parasuis infection is poorly understood. To cause meningitis, H. parasuis has to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to gain access to the central nervous system (CNS). We recently showed that H. parasuis adheres to and invades porcine brain microvascular endothelial cells (PBMEC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of H. parasuis lipooligosaccharide (LOS) in the adhesion to PBMEC and to determine if H. parasuis (and/or its LOS) is able to induce apoptosis and activation of PBMEC. Results showed that adhesion of H. parasuis to PBMEC was partially mediated by LOS. Moreover, H. parasuis induces caspase-3-mediated apoptosis of PBMEC in a time--and dose--dependent manner, but its LOS did not seem to be involved in such a process. Furthermore, H. parasuis and, to a lesser extent, its LOS, was able to induce the release of IL-8 and IL-6 by PBMEC. Field strains of H. parasuis serotypes 4 and 5 induced similar levels of these inflammatory mediators. Our data suggest that H. parasuis uses cellular adhesion, induction of apoptosis and up-regulation of inflammatory mediators as mechanisms to invade the CNS via the BBB, and that LOS would play a certain but limited role in such pathological process.