gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A projector-camera system for creating a display with water drops (2009)

Various non-traditional media, such as water drops, mist, and fire, have been used to create vibrant two and three dimensional displays. Usually such displays require a great deal of design and engineering. In this work, we show a computer vision based approach to easily calibrate and learn the properties of a three-dimensional water drop display, using a few pieces of off-the-shelf hardware. Our setup consists of a camera, projector, laser plane, and water drop generator. Based on the geometric calibration between the hardware, a user can “paint” the drops from the point of view of the camera, causing the projector to illuminate them with the correct color at the correct time. We first demonstrate an algorithm for the case where no drop occludes another from the point of view of either camera or projector. If there is no occlusion, the system can be trained once, and the projector plays a precomputed movie. We then show our work toward a display with real rain. In real time, our system tracks and predicts the future location of hundreds of drops per second, then projects rays to hit or miss each drop.
Near Term Terabit Transmission Field Trial Opportunities (2013)

High speed transmission field trials are reviewed. Near term terabit field trials involve higher spectral-efficiency, broader optical-bandwidth, and more flexible networks. New capacity units are introduced for better field trial result comparisons.
Energy storage size and fuel consumption reduction in a microgrid using virtual droop control framework (2016)

Microgrid can provide higher reliability, resiliency, sustainability, energy security and surety. Even though there are greater benefits, maintaining stability of microgrid is a major challenge especially with high penetration of renewables into microgrid. The existing approaches to address the problem of stability is to add large energy storage and increase generation capacity. In this paper, energy storage reduction and fuel minimization in a microgrid using Virtual Droop Control (VDC) has been proposed to deal with the problem of stability. The size selection of energy storage system for microgrid to ensure proper operation during microgrid transition has been discussed in this paper. The simulation results has been presented for 24 hours load, wind and solar PV radiation profile for the studied Fort Sill microgrid system using VDC controls. The energy profile for energy storage systems and natural gas generators and fuel consumption of natural gas generators have been presented for standard droop control method and compared with VDC controls.
Predicting Corneal Improvement after Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty for Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy (2022)

Scheimpflug tomography maps of corneas with FECD can predict the improvement in CCT after DMEK, independent of preoperative corneal thickness measurement. The model could be applied in clinical practice or for clinical research of FECD.
Allele-specific transcription factor binding as a benchmark for assessing variant impact predictors (2018)

ABSTRACT Genetic variation has long been known to alter transcription factor binding sites, resulting in sometimes major phenotypic consequences. While the performance for current binding site predictors is well characterised, little is known on how these models perform at predicting impact of variants. We collected and curated over 132,000 potential allele-specific binding (ASB) ChIP-seq variants across 101 transcription factors (TFs). We then assessed the accuracy of TF binding models from five different methods on these high-confidence measurements, finding that deep learning methods were best performing yet still have room for improvement. Importantly, machine learning methods were consistently better than the venerable position weight matrix (PWM). Finally, predictions for certain TFs were consistently poor, and our investigation supports efforts to use features beyond sequence, such as methylation, DNA shape, and post-translational modifications. We submit that ASB data is a valuable benchmark for variant impact on TF binding.
Mid-infrared quantum cascade laser integrated with λ/4-thick distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) (2016)

We report a first successful operation of a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) integrated InP-based QCL. The DBR facet (λ/4-thick semiconductor-wall and λ/4-thick air-gap, 2 pairs) shows a high reflectivity of 91%, leading to a significant threshold current reduction of QCL in 7 µm wavelength region.
In situ infrared and visible-light ellipsometric investigations of boron nitride thin films at elevated temperatures (1998)

In situ infrared (IR) spectroscopy and visible-light (VIS) spectroscopic ellipsometry over the spectral range from 700 to 2000 cm−1 and 1.5–3.5 eV, respectively, were used to investigate the optical behavior of boron nitride (BN) thin films at temperatures from room temperature (RT) to 600 °C. The polycrystalline hexagonal (h) and mixed-phase h- and cubic (c)-BN thin films were deposited by magnetron sputtering on [001] silicon. We observe a reversible moisture incorporation process in as-grown h-BN samples. When stored in normal ambient, the h-BN thin films absorb water into thin-film micropores. When annealed in ultrahigh vacuum or a dry nitrogen atmosphere, the samples expel moisture but retain their microstructure. This is observable by reduction of the thin-film refractive indices in accordance with changes in the IR lattice resonance behavior. The optical properties of high c-BN content thin films remain unchanged during annealing. And both intrinsic h- and c-BN thin-film VIS refractive indices are nearly temperature independent, at least up to 600 °C. Therefore, RT BN optical constants can be used for feedback loop control in in situ thin-film growth at temperatures up to 600 °C.
A Highly Enantioselective Catalytic Domino Aza‐Michael/Aldol Reaction: One‐Pot Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of 1,2‐Dihydroquinolidines. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Mitotic figure recognition: agreement among pathologists and computerized detector. (2012)

Despite the prognostic importance of mitotic count as one of the components of the Bloom-Richardson grade, several studies have found that pathologists' agreement on the mitotic grade is fairly modest. Collecting a set of more than 4,200 candidate mitotic figures, we evaluate pathologists' agreement on individual figures, and train a computerized system for mitosis detection, comparing its performance to the classifications of three pathologists. The system's and the pathologists' classifications are based on evaluation of digital micrographs of hematoxylin and eosin stained breast tissue. On figures where the majority of pathologists agree on a classification, we compare the performance of the trained system to that of the individual pathologists. We find that the level of agreement of the pathologists ranges from slight to moderate, with strong biases, and that the system performs competitively in rating the ground truth set. This study is a step towards automatic mitosis count to accelerate a pathologist's work and improve reproducibility.
“Pathotyping” Multiplex PCR Assay for Haemophilus parasuis: a Tool for Prediction of Virulence (2017)

<i>Haemophilus parasuis</i> is a diverse bacterial species that is found in the upper respiratory tracts of pigs and can also cause Glässer's disease and pneumonia. A previous pangenome study of <i>H. parasuis</i> identified 48 genes that were associated with clinical disease. Here, we describe the development of a generalized linear model (termed a pathotyping model) to predict the potential virulence of isolates of <i>H. parasuis</i> based on a subset of 10 genes from the pangenome. A multiplex PCR (mPCR) was constructed based on these genes, the results of which were entered into the pathotyping model to yield a prediction of virulence. This new diagnostic mPCR was tested on 143 field isolates of <i>H. parasuis</i> that had previously been whole-genome sequenced and a further 84 isolates from the United Kingdom from cases of <i>H. parasuis-</i>related disease in pigs collected between 2013 and 2014. The combination of the mPCR and the pathotyping model predicted the virulence of an isolate with 78% accuracy for the original isolate collection and 90% for the additional isolate collection, providing an overall accuracy of 83% (81% sensitivity and 93% specificity) compared with that of the "current standard" of detailed clinical metadata. This new pathotyping assay has the potential to aid surveillance and disease control in addition to serotyping data.
Parvovirus H-1-Induced Tumor Cell Death Enhances Human Immune Response In Vitro via Increased Phagocytosis, Maturation, and Cross-Presentation by Dendritic Cells (2005)

Oncotropic and oncolytic viruses have attracted high attention as antitumor agents because they preferentially kill cancer cells in vitro and reduce the incidence of spontaneous, induced, or implanted animal tumors. Some autonomous parvoviruses (H-1, minute virus of mice) and derived recombinant vectors are currently under preclinical evaluation. Still not fully understood, their antitumor properties involve more than just tumor cell killing. Because wild-type parvovirus-mediated tumor cell lysates (TCLs) may trigger antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to augment the host immune repertoire, we analyzed phagocytosis, maturation, and crosspresentation of H-1-induced TCLs by human dendritic cells (DCs). We first established H-1-mediated oncolysis in two HLA-A2(+) and A2(-) variant melanoma cell clones. Monocyte-derived immature DCs phagocytosed H- 1-infected TCLs as well as ultraviolet-induced apoptotic TCLs and better than freeze-thaw-induced necrotic TCLs. Immature DCs incubated with H-1-induced TCLs acquired specific maturation markers comparable to a standard cytokine cocktail. Furthermore, A2(+) DCs pulsed with H-1-infected A2(-) TCLs cross-presented melanoma antigens to specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and released proinflammatory cytokines. This shows for the first time that tumor cell killing by a wild-type oncolytic virus directly stimulates human APCs and CTLs. Because H-1-infected tumors enhance the immune repertoire, the clinical perspectives of parvoviral vectors are even more promising.
Abstract user interface representations (2002)

This paper examines four XML languages for abstract user interface representation: UIML, XIML, XForms and AIAP. It discusses whether the high level architectures of these languages support the requirements of universal usability by allowing use of personal interfaces. Specific technical requirements include separation of data from presentation, explicit declarative representation of interface elements, their state, dependencies, and semantics, flexibility in inclusion of alternative resources and support for remote control and different interaction styles. Of the languages examined, XForms and AIAP provide the best match to the requirements. While XForms requires an appropriate delivery context to provide full access, the AIAP standard will include specification of the context in which the language is to be used.
Influence of Ethnic Origin and Sex on the Pharmacokinetics of Clazosentan (2007)

This study investigated the influence of ethnic origin and, as a secondary objective, sex on the pharmacokinetics of the parenteral endothelin receptor antagonist clazosentan in healthy Caucasian and Japanese subjects. Twelve subjects of each ethnic origin (female/male ratio 1:1) were treated with sequential 4-hour infusions of 1, 5, and 15 mg/h. Blood samples were taken frequently to determine plasma levels of clazosentan. The exposure to clazosentan was approximately 16% higher in Japanese subjects compared with Caucasian subjects and 18% higher in females compared with males. These differences were mainly attributable to a difference in clearance. A 3-compartment model well described the plasma concentration-time profiles of clazosentan with disposition half-lives of approximately 6 minutes, 21 minutes, and 2.7 hours. The data suggest that Caucasian and Japanese patients can be treated with a similar dosing regimen of clazosentan. At the doses infused, administration of clazosentan was safe and well tolerated in both ethnic groups.
Electron impact fragmentation of carbofuran and its major photolytic transformation metabolites (1999)

Mass spectra of carbofuran and its major photo-induced metabolites, 3-hydroxycarbo-furan, ­3-oxocarbofuran and their corresponding phenols, were investigated using electron impact mass spectrometry. Interpretation of the fragmentation pathways, based on the mass spectra, enables structural elucidation and chemical identification of these compounds. The proposed fragmentation pathways and ion structures were verified by exact mass measurements and collision-induced dissociation, wing B/E-linked scanning. The presence of the m/z 137 ion and its B/E-linked scan mass spectrum is unique for 3-hydroxycarbofuran, 3-oxocarbofuran and their corresponding phenols. Thus, this ion can be used to detect the oxidation products at the C3 position of carbofuran. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Novel DICER-LIKE1 siRNAs Bypass the Requirement for DICER-LIKE4 in Maize Development (2015)

Dicer enzymes function at the core of RNA silencing to defend against exogenous RNA or to regulate endogenous genes. Plant DICER-LIKE4 (DCL4) performs dual functions, acting in antiviral defense and in development via the biogenesis of trans-acting short-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) termed tasiR-ARFs. These small RNAs play an essential role in the grasses, spatially defining the expression domain of AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR3 (ARF3) transcription factors. However, contrary to tasiR-ARFs' essential function in development, DCL4 proteins exhibit strong evidence of recurrent adaptation typical of host factors involved in antiviral immunity. Here, we address how DCL4 balances its role in development with pressures to diversify in response to viral attack. We show that, in contrast to other tasiR-ARF biogenesis mutants, dcl4 null alleles have an uncharacteristically mild phenotype, correlated with normal expression of select arf3 targets. Loss of DCL4 activity yields a class of 22-nucleotide tasiR-ARF variants associated with the processing of arf3 transcripts into 22-nucleotide secondary siRNAs by DCL1. Our findings reveal a DCL1-dependent siRNA pathway that bypasses the otherwise adverse developmental effects of mutations in DCL4. This pathway is predicted to have important implications for DCL4's role in antiviral defense by reducing the selective constraints on DCL4 and allowing it to diversify in response to viral suppressors.
Deactivation of Cationic CuI and AuI Catalysts for A3 Coupling by CH2Cl2: Mechanistic Implications of the Formation of Neutral CuI and AuI Chlorides (2014)

Care should be exercised when using CH2 Cl2 as a solvent for reactions in which amines are a reagent, since undesirable deactivation of cationic copper(I) and gold(I) catalysts to form the corresponding inactive neutral chloride complexes [LMCl] (M=Cu or Au) can occur as a result of the generation of hydrogen chloride in the medium. Cu(I) and Au(I) deactivation has been proved for the Mannich three-component coupling reaction. A series of Cu(I) and Au(I) complexes with potential mechanistic implications were isolated and characterized by X-ray crystallography.
Effect of external electric field on the surface energetics ofAg∕Si(111) (2005)

Based on first-principles calculations, we found that the surface adsorption energetics of Ag on a Si(111) surface can be modified by imposing an external electric field. The preferred adsorption site is found to be field dependent. The most energetically favorable adsorption site of Ag on the Si(111) surface, among all the considered sites (hcp, fcc, bridge, and top), will undergo a transformation from the fcc site to the top site with an increase in field strength when the surface is positively biased.
Role of Notch-1 and E-Cadherin in the Differential Response to Calcium in Culturing Normal versus Malignant Prostate Cells (2005)

A panel of expression markers was validated and used to document that, when radical prostatectomy specimens are cultured in low (i.e., <260 micromol/L)-calcium (Ca2+)-serum-free, growth factor-defined (SFD) medium, what grows out are not prostatic cancer cells but basally derived normal transit-amplifying prostatic epithelial cells. The selective outgrowth of the normal transit-amplifying versus prostatic cancer cells is due to the differential effect of low-Ca2+ medium on the structure of Notch-1 and E-cadherin signaling molecules. In low-Ca2+ medium, Notch-1 receptor is conformationally in a constitutively active, cell autonomous form not requiring reciprocal cell-cell (i.e., ligand) interaction for signaling. Such signaling is required for survival of transit-amplifying cells as shown by the death of transit-amplifying cells induced by treatment with a series of chemically distinct gamma-secretase inhibitors to prevent Notch-1 signaling. Conversely, in low-Ca2+ medium, E-cadherin is conformationally inactive preventing cell-cell homotypic interaction, but low cell density nonaggregated transit-amplifying cells still survived because Notch-1 is able to signal cell autonomously. In contrast, when medium Ca2+ is raised to >400 micromol/L, Notch-1 conformationally is no longer constitutively active but requires cell-cell contact for reciprocal binding of Jagged-1 ligands and Notch-1 receptors between adjacent transit-amplifying cells to activate their survival signaling. Such cell-cell contact is enhanced by the elevated Ca2+ inducing an E-cadherin conformation allowing homotypic interaction between transit-amplifying cells. Such Ca(2+)-dependent, E-cadherin-mediated interaction, however, results in cell aggregation, stratification, and inhibition of proliferation of transit-amplifying cells via contact inhibition-induced up-regulation of p27/kip1 protein. In addition, transit-amplifying cells not contacting other cells undergo squamous differentiation into cornified (i.e., 1% SDS insoluble) envelopes and death in the elevated Ca2+ medium. Stratification and contact inhibition induced by elevated Ca2+ are dependent on E-cadherin-mediated homotypic interaction between transit-amplifying cells as shown by their prevention in the presence of a cell-impermanent, E-cadherin neutralizing antibody. In contrast to growth inhibition of normal transit-amplifying cells, supplementation of low-Ca(2+)-SFD medium with 10% FCS and raising the Ca2+ to >600 micromol/L stimulates the growth of all prostate cancer cell lines tested. Additional results document that, at physiologic levels of Ca2+ (i.e., >600 micromol/L), prostatic cancer cells are not contact inhibited by E-cadherin interactions and Notch-1 signaling is no longer required for survival but instead becomes one of multiple signaling pathways for proliferation of prostatic cancer cells. These characteristic changes are consistent with prostate cancer cells' ability to metastasize to bone, a site of high-Ca2+ levels.
Focusing, doppler shifts and bubble screening: Parameterizing surface reverberation in different wind regimes (2012)

Advances in underwater acoustic communications systems can be based upon physical insight into the relationship between the acoustic channel and controlling environmental variables, such as wind and waves. In the mid-frequency band (3 kHz - 20 k Hz) and at relatively short ranges (order 10 water depths) in reverberant channels, gravity waves focus sound energy incident on the sea surface, creating intensifications, Doppler shifts and phase shifts in the reflected field. Breaking waves entrain bubbles into a sub-surface layer that attenuates and scatters sound, which tends to screen reflections from the surface and lessen the impact of these effects. Observations of the time-varying arrival intensity structure from an experiment conducted in the Martha's Vineyard Coastal Observatory will be presented along with model calculations made using the Kirchhoff approximation. Model calculations of wave-induced Doppler shifts and examples of bubble screening will be discussed. [Work supported by the ONR Ocean Acoustics Program].
Large‐scale production of extracellular vesicles: Report on the “massivEVs” ISEV workshop (2022)

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) large-scale production is a crucial point for the translation of EVs from discovery to application of EV-based products. In October 2021, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV), along with support by the FET-OPEN projects, "The Extracellular Vesicle Foundry" (evFOUNDRY) and "Extracellular vesicles from a natural source for tailor-made nanomaterials" (VES4US), organized a workshop entitled "massivEVs" to discuss the potential challenges for translation of EV-based products. This report gives an overview of the topics discussed during "massivEVs", the most important points raised, and the points of consensus reached after discussion among academia and industry representatives. Overall, the review of the existing EV manufacturing, upscaling challenges and directions for their resolution highlighted in the workshop painted an optimistic future for the expanding EV field.
Effects of Microfabrication Processing on the Electrochemistry of Carbon Nanofiber Electrodes (2003)

We describe the fabrication and electrochemical characterization of as-grown and postprocessed vertically aligned carbon nanofiber forest electrodes at macroscopic (5 mm) and microscopic dimensions (250 μm). We examine the impact of a variety of microfabrication processes that are typically employed during nanofiber-based device synthesis including refractory metal reactive ion etch, oxide coating and removal, and several oxygen-based etch processesall of which dramatically impact microscale electrode response. We also demonstrate that the high electrochemically active surface area of larger scale, macroscopic nanofiber forest electrodes can provide a buffering capacity against surface activation/inactivation. Under diffusion-limited transport conditions, this may preserve the electrochemical response of the electrode during storage and against the impacts of processing techniques used during nanofiber-based device fabrication.
Supplementary Materials and Methods and Supplementary Figure Legends from <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> Characterization of Irreversible Mutant-Selective EGFR Inhibitors That Are Wild-Type Sparing (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF - 91K, Supplemental Materials and Methods and Legends for Supplementary Figures 1 through 5.&lt;/p&gt;
Conformational analysis by HRMAS NMR spectroscopy of resin-bound homo-peptides from Cα-methyl-leucine (2003)

A series of [L-(alphaMe)Leu]n (n = 1-5) homo-peptides have been covalently linked to Tentagel and POEPOP resins and submitted to a conformational study using HRMAS NMR spectroscopy. Whereas the mono- and dipeptide are mainly fully-extended, stable 3(10)-helical structures are formed beginning from the trimer.
Early Routine Biomarkers of SARS-CoV-2 Morbidity and Mortality: Outcomes from an Emergency Section (2022)

This study suggests that the contemporaneous presence of high levels of LDH, Ferritin, and as expected, CRP, and D-dimer could be considered as potential predictors of COVID-19 severity and death.