gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supramolecular Self‐Organization of “Janus‐like” Diblock Codendrimers: Synthesis, Thermal Behavior, and Phase Structure Modeling (2006)

We report on the design and synthesis of three series of segmented amphiphilic block codendrimers, and on their self-organizing behavior in liquid-crystalline mesophases. Connecting two prefunctionalized monodendrons, each differing in their chemical constitution and generation number, yielded these diblock supermolecules. One wedge of the codendrimer was made hydrophobic, and is based on a branched poly(benzyl ether) monodendron functionalized at the periphery by lipophilic aliphatic fragments (also known as Percec dendrons). The other segment was made hydrophilic by the grafting of hydroxyl-containing moieties onto the focal functions of the former dendrons. Both types of dendrons were prepared independently by convergent methods and then joined in the ultimate stage of the synthetic procedure by cross-coupling reactions. In this way, the proportion of the dendritic blocks was varied independently to allow control of the hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance (HHB), the hydrogen-bonding ability, and consequently the capacity to tune the mesomorphic properties of the resulting "superamphiphiles" was anticipated. Essentially all the dendritic compounds display a thermotropic mesomorphism directly at or near room temperature as determined by using X-ray diffraction, polarized optical microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The nature and the supramolecular organization of the mesophases, namely columnar and cubic phases, are correlated to the size of the respective block monodendrons and the chemical structures of the dendromesogens. The molecular organization within the cubic phases can be geometrically described and well understood by the space-filling polyhedron model.
Vertical Dipole Above the Lossy Dielectric Half-Space—A Characteristic Mode Analysis (2020)

This work introduces a theoretical extension of the characteristic mode formulation for analyzing the vertical electric dipole lying above a lossy dielectric half-space. As the conventional characteristic formulation fails to maintain the orthogonality of the characteristic field modes over the infinite sphere, an alternate modal formulation is proposed here to maintain the orthogonality for both the current and field modes. The modal results are found to match closely with its method of moment counterparts. Later, the modes of an isolated dipole with no ground plane have been used to predict the role of the lossy ground plane through a theory of the linear combination of the eigenvectors. The proposed formulations have been studied with different heights from the ground plane and are compared with the direct modal solutions to validate its accuracy. It helps to provide a thorough understanding of how the isolated modes interact among each other to constitute the perturbed modes in the presence of the lossy half-space. It can find application to include the lossy earth effect in the study of the lightning fields and the path loss modeling of the antennas over the lossy ground.
Plasma Folate and Homocysteine Levels May Be Related to Interictal "Schizophrenia-Like" Psychosis in Patients With Epilepsy (2005)

Genetic and clinical data suggest that folate and homocysteine may play a role in the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders. The total plasma homocysteine level is a sensitive measure of a functional folate deficiency. We thus investigated whether a functional folate deficiency and/or elevated levels of plasma homocysteine may be related to interictal "schizophrenia-like" psychosis (interictal psychosis ) of epilepsy. We studied the plasma folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine levels of 32 age- and sex-matched epileptic patients with or without interictal psychosis. Each group included 25 localization-related epilepsies and 7 generalized epilepsies. The epileptic patients with interictal psychosis had significantly lower folate levels and higher homocysteine levels than those without interictal psychosis. There were no significant differences in the vitamin B12 levels between the two groups. The present study suggests that low plasma folate and high plasma homocysteine levels may be related to the pathophysiology of interictal psychosis of epilepsy. In future studies, we should investigate whether folate supplementation, in addition to antipsychotics, might play a beneficial role in the treatment of interictal psychosis in epileptic patients. Furthermore, the present findings should be confirmed by prospective longitudinal studies in a larger group of patients with epilepsy.
Optical performance of random anti-reflection structures on curved surfaces (2015)

Random anti-reflection structured surfaces (rARSS) have been reported to improve transmittance of optical-grade fused silica planar substrates to values greater than 99%. These textures are achieved using reactive-ion etching techniques and often result in transmitted spectra with no measurable interference effects (fringes) for a wide range of wavelengths. The inductively-coupled reactive ion plasma (ICP-RIE) used in the fabrication process to etch the rARSS is anisotropic, and thus well-suited for planar components. The improvement in spectral transmission has been found to be independent of optical incidence angles, for values from 0° to ±30°. Qualifying and quantifying the rARSS performance on curved substrates, such as concave and convex lenses, is required to optimize the fabrication of a desirable AR effect on opticalpower elements. In this work, rARSS was fabricated on fused silica plano-convex and plano-concave lenses, using an optimized ICP-RIE process, to maximize optical transmission in the range from 500 nm to 1100 nm. Results are presented from optical transmission tests of matched sets of varying curvature lenses with rARSS at a wavelength of 633nm. The transmission was measured as a function of radial distance from the apex of each lens, and shows the anisotropic dependence of the etch process. The transmittance profiles between the different sphericity of the tested lenses as well as the matched sets of concave and convex surfaces are compared. The measured angle-of-incidence dependence of planar silica versus silica lenses with rARSS is also presented.
Overlap Syndrome of Cardiac Sodium Channel Disease in Mice Carrying the Equivalent Mutation of Human SCN5A -1795insD (2006)

Mice carrying the murine equivalent of the SCN5A-1795insD mutation display bradycardia, right ventricular conduction slowing, and QT prolongation, similar to the human phenotype. These results demonstrate that the presence of a single SCN5A mutation is indeed sufficient to cause an overlap syndrome of cardiac sodium channel disease.
On uncoordinated transmission over the T-user q-ary noiseless multiple-access channel (1997)

A coding-decoding strategy for the noiseless T-user q-ary multiple-access channel is presented where no cooperation between the users is needed, neither in the code construction nor in the decoding process. Statistics for the received symbols as a function of q and T are given, and the cutoff rate for the channel is defined and evaluated. Finally, computer simulations are presented to support the results found.
Optimisation by Unit-Cell Rotation of Linear-to-Circular Polarising Reflectors for Multiple Primary Feeds (2018)

This paper presents an efficient method to optimise an offset parabolic linear-to-circular reflection polariser illuminated by multiple linearly-polarised primary ideal feeds. The method exploits a local rotation of the unit-cells to optimise the far-field obtained by each feed. Then a weighted average function based on the field intensities is applied to all the feeds. Improvement in cross-polarisation discrimination up to 10 dB over nominal values without rotation is obtained by simulation in the horizontal plane of the far-field, where maximum cross-polarisation is expected. Smaller improvements are obtained in the vertical plane, and mainly for the feeds outside the reflector's focus.
Lattice thermal conductivity in superlattices: molecular dynamics calculations with a heat reservoir method (2003)

We report on a molecular dynamics study of the cross-plane lattice thermal conductivity in GaAs/AlAs superlattices. The layers of the superlattice are modelled by a three-dimensional face centred cubic lattice with cubic anharmonicity, and with atomic scale roughness at the interfaces. We perform the simulation of heat flow for a section of a superlattice with high- and low-temperature thermal reservoirs attached to opposite ends. The calculation reproduces qualitatively the features observed experimentally, i.e., the dramatic reduction of the conductivity relative to the conductivity of the bulk constituent materials, and the variation of the thermal conductivity with the superlattice repeat distance. The results are also in agreement with those obtained previously by Daly et al (2002 Phys. Rev. B 66 024301) who determined the thermal conductivity from the time taken for an initially inhomogeneous temperature distribution to relax.
Insights into the rich polymorphism of the Na+ ion conductor Na3PS4 from the perspective of variable-temperature diffraction and spectroscopy (2021)

Solid electrolytes are crucial for next generation solid state batteries and Na&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;PS&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; is one of the most promising Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; conductors for such applications. In this contribution, we present a detailed investigation of the evolution in structure and dynamics of Na&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;PS&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; under the effect of temperature in the range 30 &lt; T &lt; 600 °C through combined experimental-computational analysis. Although x ray Bragg diffraction experiments indicate a second order phase transition from the tetragonal ground state (α, P-42&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;c) to the cubic polymorph (β, I-43m), pair distribution function analysis in real space and Raman spectroscopy indicate remnants of tetragonal character in the range 250 &lt; T &lt; 500 °C which we attribute to dynamic local tetragonal distortions. The first order phase transition to the mesophasic high temperature polymorph (γ, Fddd) is associated with a sharp volume increase and the onset of liquid like diffusive dynamics for sodium-cations (translative) and thiophosphate-polyanions (rotational) evident by inelastic neutron- and Raman- spectroscopies, as well as pair-distribution function and molecular dynamics. These results shed light on the rich polymorphism in Na&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;PS&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; and are relevant for a host of high performance materials deriving from the Na&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;PS&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; structural archetype.&lt;br&gt;
Estimation of prosthesis lengths using digital surgery microscopes - experiments in human temporal bones (2020)

Introduction Digital surgery microscopes with 3D imaging and in situ distance measurement open up new perspectives in middle ear surgery. Intraoperative determination of prosthesis lengths for ossicular reconstruction is of particular interest.
Rate-distortion modeling for multiscale binary shape coding based on markov random fields (2003)

The purpose of this paper it to explore the relationship between the rate-distortion characteristics of multiscale binary shape and Markov random field (MRF) parameters. For coding, it is important that the input parameters that will be used to define this relationship be able to distinguish between the same shape at different scales, as well as different shapes at the same scale. We consider an MRF model, referred to as the Chien model, which accounts for high-order spatial interactions among pixels. We propose to use the statistical moments of the Chien model as input to a neural network to accurately predict the rate and distortion of the binary shape when coded at various scales.
Analysis of buck converters for on-chip integration with a dual supply voltage microprocessor (2003)

An analysis of an on-chip buck converter is presented in this paper. A high switching frequency is the key design parameter that simultaneously permits monolithic integration and high efficiency. A model of the parasitic impedances of a buck converter is developed. With this model, a design space is determined that allows integration of active and passive devices on the same die for a target technology. An efficiency of 88.4% at a switching frequency of 477 MHz is demonstrated for a voltage conversion from 1.2-0.9 volts while supplying 9.5 A average current. The area occupied by the buck converter is 12.6 mm/sup 2/ assuming an 80-nm CMOS technology. An estimate of the efficiency is shown to be within 2.4% of simulation at the target design point. Full integration of a high-efficiency buck converter on the same die with a dual-V/sub DD/ microprocessor is demonstrated to be feasible.
CF102 for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: A phase I/II, open-label, dose-escalation study. (2012)

e14731 Background: The A 3 adenosine receptor (A 3 AR) is over-expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells as well as in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with HCC. The orally active drug candidate CF102, an A 3 AR agonist, induces in vivo apoptosis of HCC cells via de-regulation of the Wnt signaling pathway. In this open label phase I/II trial, the safety and clinical effects of CF102 were assessed in patients with advanced unresectable HCC. Methods: The primary objectives of this trial were to examine the safety and pharmacokinetic (PK) behavior of CF102 given orally twice daily in continuous cycles of 28 days each. Evaluation of anti-tumor effects and the utilization of A 3 AR as a biological predictive marker of response to CF102 were the secondary objectives. Results: 18 patients received CF102, six at each dose level (1 mg, 5 mg and 25 mg BID). No serious drug-related adverse events or dose-limiting toxicity were observed. Most adverse events were of grade 1-2 severity. CF102 demonstrated good oral bioavailability and linear PK behavior. Median overall survival in the study population, 67% of whom were sorafenib failures, was 7.8 months (range, 3·5-27·3 months) and for Child-Pugh B patients (28%) was 8.1 months. Stable disease (SD) by RECIST was observed in four patients for at least 4 months. CF102 had no adverse effect on routine measures of liver function over a 6 months period in 12 patients. A direct correlation between A 3 AR expression levels at baseline and patients’ response to CF102 was found. Conclusions: CF102 is safe and well-tolerated and shows favorable PK characteristics and hepatoprotective effects in patients with HCC. CF102 has shown preliminary evidence of clinical activity in Child-Pugh A and B HCC patients, justifying further clinical development.
Pyriform Sinus Fistula: Management with Chemocauterization of the Internal Opening (2000)

A branchial remnant originating in the pyriform sinus causes a recurrent fistula or abscess in the neck. In spite of excision, recurrence may result from inadequate removal of the fistula tract. We attempted chemocauterization of the internal opening of the fistula tract with trichloroacetic acid (TCA) on direct endoscopy. This is a 6-year review of 18 patients with pyriform sinus fistula. Medical history, barium esophagography, computed tomography scans, operative findings, and treatment results were analyzed. By direct endoscopy, all patients were found to have a fistula opening in the pyriform sinus, exclusively on the left side. In only 9 patients, the fistula tract was identified by barium esophagography before operation. Computed tomography revealed a suspicious fistula tract originating from the pyriform sinus in 8 of 10 patients. Sixteen patients were initially managed by TCA chemocauterization. There were no serious intraoperative or postoperative complications. Four patients had recurrent masses, which were managed by simple excision in 2 patients and repeated TCA cauterization in the other 2 patients with unobliterated internal openings. We recommend barium swallow study and direct endoscopy for all patients presenting with a recurrent lateral neck abscess, especially on the left side. Our results suggest that initial chemocauterization of the internal opening can be a reasonable alternative procedure for the management of pyriform sinus fistula.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Glycoprotein B Genotypes and Response to Antiviral Therapy, in Solid‐Organ–Transplant Recipients with CMV Disease (2003)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) can be classified into 4 glycoprotein B (gB) genotypes, on the basis of sequence variation in the UL55 gene. We assessed the effect that CMV gB genotype has on virologic and clinical response to therapy, in 50 solid-organ-transplant recipients with CMV disease. CMV loads were determined at regular intervals after the start of therapy. Genotype results were correlated with CMV-load kinetics in response to therapy with ganciclovir. At the onset of treatment, the distribution of CMV gB genotypes was as follows: gB1, 19/50 (38%); gB2, 9/50 (18%); gB3, 12/50 (24%); gB4, 2/50 (4%); and mixed-genotype infection, 8/50 (16%). Between viral genotype groups, time to clearance of CMV, failure to clear CMV, and calculated CMV-load half-life after the start of therapy were not significantly different. The CMV gB genotype did not affect the rate of disease recurrence or occurrence of tissue-invasive disease. It appears that the gB genotype, which causes CMV disease, does not significantly influence CMV-load kinetics or clinical response to therapy.
Fabrication and In Vivo Evaluation of Low-Invasive Patch Type Glucose Sensors (2016)

Continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) using implantable glucose sensor have provided significant benefit on the management of diabetic health care, since it can present not only the point of glucose degree but also its trend. Although the present glucose degree is same, rising and lowering phenomenon of blood glucose lead to an opposite treatment action. In addition, daily trend observation is useful for the evaluation and improvement of individual pharmacotherapy. However, since sensor device of CGM at a present day requires a length of 1 cm to be inserted in skin, development of a lower-invasive CGMS is expected for the improvement of diabetic patients’ quality of life. In this study, a fine tapered needle shape glucose sensor, which has sensing region at the tip of a fine tapered electrode, was proposed. Since the sensing region is at the tip of tapered electrode, it only requires the sensor tip to be implanted in the tissue for glucose monitoring. In other words, it can be possible to perform as a patch type sensor, which impresses the user as a sticking sensor instead of a implanting sensor. Fine platinum-iridium alloy wire with a diameter of 0.17 mm was placed inside the tapered PEEK tube and glucose oxidase (GOx) was immobilized on the surface of platinum electrode by using the combination of electrodeposition and electropolymerization technique. Ag/AgCl film was prepared on the outer surface of PEEK tube in order to be employed as reference electrode together as counter electrode. Glucose sensor properties of the obtained GOx-immobilized electrode were evaluated by using in vitro and in vivo measurements. A patch type sensor with insert length of 1 mm was implanted in a rabbit. Clear sensor response corresponding to glucose concentration change was confirmed. Figure 1
Figure S3 from Kindlin-2 Regulates the Growth of Breast Cancer Tumors by Activating CSF-1–Mediated Macrophage Infiltration (2023)

&lt;p&gt;This figure contains macrophage staining and quantification of macrophage infiltration of control MDA-MB-231 and K2-defficient-MDA-MB-231-derived tumors of roughly similar sizes. This Figure is supplied in support of Figure 3F.&lt;/p&gt;
Development of a Unifying Target and Consensus Indicators for Global Surgical Systems Strengthening: Proposed by the Global Alliance for Surgery, Obstetric, Trauma, and Anaesthesia Care (The G4 Alliance) (2017)

After decades on the margins of primary health care, surgical and anaesthesia care is gaining increasing priority within the global development arena. The 2015 publications of the Disease Control Priorities third edition on Essential Surgery and the Lancet Commission on Global Surgery created a compelling evidenced-based argument for the fundamental role of surgery and anaesthesia within cost-effective health systems strengthening global strategy. The launch of the Global Alliance for Surgical, Obstetric, Trauma, and Anaesthesia Care in 2015 has further coordinated efforts to build priority for surgical care and anaesthesia. These combined efforts culminated in the approval of a World Health Assembly resolution recognizing the role of surgical care and anaesthesia as part of universal health coverage. Momentum gained from these milestones highlights the need to identify consensus goals, targets and indicators to guide policy implementation and track progress at the national level. Through an open consultative process that incorporated input from stakeholders from around the globe, a global target calling for safe surgical and anaesthesia care for 80% of the world by 2030 was proposed. In order to achieve this target, we also propose 15 consensus indicators that build on existing surgical systems metrics and expand the ability to prioritize surgical systems strengthening around the world.
Rhodium/Phosphoramidite‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Arylation of Aldehydes with Arylboronic Acids. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Tapered Active-Region Quantum Cascade Lasers for Virtual Suppression of Carrier-Leakage Currents (2012)

A quantum-cascade laser design for effectively suppressing carrier leakage is demonstrated. The characteristic temperatures for threshold and slope efficiency, T0 and T1, reach values of 231 K and 797 K over the 20–60°C range
Pregnancy Outcomes Reported During the 13-Year TREAT Registry: A Descriptive Report (2018)

The clinical condition of infants born to women with gestational infliximab exposure was similar to those without exposure. Although a lower live birth rate was reported among infliximab-exposed women, these patients had more severe CD and were more likely to have been exposed to immunosuppressives.
Joint channel-aware and queue-aware relay selection and resource allocation in cooperative OFDMA networks (2010)

In this paper, a joint channel-and-queue-aware relay selection and resource allocation scheme at the scheduling phase in an OFDMA downlink cellular network is proposed. The scheme can choose the best relay to cooperate and allocate subchannels and power for the source and the relay for the selected packet which can maximize the proposed utility function waiting in the base station. Under the premise of satisfying the QoS requirement of the waiting service flow, the utility function consists of the overall power consumption of a packet when it is transmitted between base station to relay station and the relay station to destination and the queue's state. Furthermore, adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) is utilized as a result that the base station and relay station can allocate different power to achieve different bit rates and an ON-OFF model is used to form the traffic model. At the end of this paper, the detailed design and realization of our simulation is presented, and the numerical analysis is done to prove the strength of our proposed scheme.