gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
575. Correction of Ventilation in Glycogen Storage Disease Type II Mice after Gel-Mediated Delivery of Adeno-Associated Virus Serotype 1 Vectors (2006)

Glycogen storage disease type II (GSDII) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a lack of functional acid α-glucosidase (GAA) and results in massive storage of glycogen in lysosomal compartments. It is characterized by progressive skeletal muscle weakness and affected patients suffer severe respiratory insufficiency, oftentimes requiring mechanical ventilation. Previously, we demonstrated that a novel gel-mediated method of delivery of recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 1 (rAAV2/1) vector to diaphragm in a mouse model of GSDII (Gaa-/-) could restore therapeutic levels of diaphragmatic GAA enzymatic activity with concomitant clearance of glycogen in vivo. We have further characterized the effects of this treatment method on ventilatory function. Similar to the GSDII patient population, we demonstrate in Gaa-/- mice that there is an age-related progressive weakening of diaphragm contractile strength that is accompanied by ventilation impairments. We administered 1x1011 particles rAAV2/1-CMV-GAA to diaphragms of Gaa-/- mice at 3, 9, and 21-mos of age via the gel method. Diaphragm contractile strength and respiratory function were assessed by measuring force-frequency relationships and by barometric whole-body plethysmography, respectively. For plethysmography, ventilation was measured in conscious, unrestrained mice under conditions of normoxia (FIO2:0.21, FICO2: 0.00) and hypercapnia (FIO2: 0.21, FICO2: 0.07) to assess the extended range of ventilatory capacity. In mice treated at 3 mos of age, we show a significant improvement in contractile force at 6 mos (peak force of 24.833.31 vs 16.53±0.74 N/cm2) that is sustained through 1 yr (21.59±1.59 vs 13.94±1.15 N/cm2) of age as compared to age-matched untreated controls. Under conditions of normoxia, the ratio of minute ventilation (VE; mL/min) to expired CO2 (VE/ VCO2) (18.65±0.73 vs 13.3±0.74), and peak inspiratory flow (mL/sec) (4.11±0.17 vs 3.21±0.29) were significantly improved (p≤0.05) in mice treated at 3 mos of age and tested at 6 mos as compared tountreated controls. However, these improvements did not persist to 1 yr of age. In mice treated at 9 and 21 mos of age, there was significant improvement in contractile function in treated diaphragms 3 mos post-treatment (peak force of 21.28±1.49 at 1 yr and 17.21±0.29 N/cm2 vs 12.71±0.94 N/cm2 at 2 yrs of age, respectively) as compared to age-matched untreated controls. In all rAAV2/1- treated mice, minute ventilation and peak inspiratory flows were significantly improved during hypercapnia. These results demonstrate that gel-mediated delivery of rAAV2/1 vectors improve ventilatory function in a mouse model of muscular dystrophy.
End-to-End Asynchronous Optical Packet Transmission, Scheduling, and Buffering (2009)

The first demonstration of asynchronous optical packet transmission, scheduling, and buffering is presented using asynchronous/autonomous transmitters, lookup, buffer and a burst mode receiver. Contention resolution is shown with greater than 99.8% packet recovery at 10Gb/s.
Age- and Disease-Related Methylation of Multiple Genes in Nonneoplastic Duodenum and in Duodenal Juice (2005)

Low-level methylation was detectable by methylation-specific PCR in the nonneoplastic duodenum of many patients with pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis as well as in the pancreaticoduodenal secretions of patients without pancreaticobiliary disease. For many genes, the prevalence of methylation increased with age and was more prevalent in patients with pancreatic cancer than in age-matched patients with chronic pancreatitis. Our results indicate that strategies to detect pancreatic cancer using aberrantly methylated genes should rely on analysis of pure pancreatic juice rather than on pancreatic juice collected within the duodenal lumen. Patients who develop pancreatic cancer may have a greater propensity to methylate CpG islands than age-matched controls.
Catalyst choice impacts aromatic monomer yields and selectivity in hydrogen-free reductive catalytic fractionation (2022)

Pd/C and Pt/C show high activity for hydrogen-free reductive catalytic fractionation compared to Ru/C and Ni/C.
A computational method to preclude multistationarity in networks of interacting species (2013)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The Search for New Anti-Obesity Agents to Reduce Cardiometabolic Risk (2011)

The global epidemic of obesity is rapidly accelerating in both industrialized and developing countries, and has raised significant healthcare concerns worldwide. Obesity leads to numerous co-morbidities, including cardiovascular diseases (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), hypertension, certain cancers, and sleep apnea. Obesity is considered an independent risk factor for CVD, and is associated with dyslipidemia, hypertension, glucose intolerance and inflammatory markers; all of which contribute to CV risk. The benefits of weight reduction to decrease cardiometabolic risk are well-documented, yet long term weight loss has been difficult to achieve. This has lead to intense efforts within the pharmaceutical industry to develop agents that result in weight loss and prevent weight regain. Numerous strategies have been directed toward decreasing food intake and/or increasing energy expenditure, yet this has met with limited success in developing a safe and effective drug. This review summarizes the underlying mechanisms contributing to CV risk in obesity, and discusses the targets that may result in novel pharmacological agents that can sustain weight loss and reduce cardio-vascular morbidity and mortality.
Generating An Optimal Interview Question Plan Using A Knowledge Graph And Integer Linear Programming (2021)

Soham Datta, Prabir Mallick, Sangameshwar Patil, Indrajit Bhattacharya, Girish Palshikar. Proceedings of the 2021 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies. 2021.
Hypothesis about the Etiology of Unexplained Painful Myelopathy after Minor Trauma in the Spinal Canal (1995)

After electrode insertion for epidural spinal cord stimulation, of 625 electrode operations, unexplained, temporary paralysis resulted in 1.8%, and multidermatomal, painful allodynia in 4.2% (of whom 19% had also had temporary paralysis). Diagnostic testing yielded no anatomical explanation. In patients who were awake during operation, these deficits were noted to begin immediately after pain caused by mechanical deformation of the dura. The author hypothesized the following: myelopathy may result from cord ischemia, caused by vasospasm, triggered by pain within or near the spinal canal. The author proposes to prevent these complications by selective epidural anesthesia.
On Runge-Kutta discontinuous Galerkin methods for compressible Euler equations and the ideal magneto-hydrodynamical model (2017)

An explicit Runge-Kutta discontinuous Galerkin (RKDG) method is used to device numerical schemes for both the compressible Euler equations of gas dynamics and the ideal magneto- hydrodynamical (MHD) model. These systems of conservation laws are known to have discontinuous solutions. Discontinuities are the source of spurious oscillations in the solution profile of the numerical approximation, when a high order accurate numerical method is used. Different techniques are reviewed in order to control spurious oscillations. A shock detection technique is shown to be useful in order to determine the regions where the spurious oscillations appear such that a Limiter can be used to eliminate these numeric artifacts. To guarantee the positivity of specific variables like the density and the pressure, a positivity preserving limiter is used. Furthermore, a numerical flux, proven to preserve the entropy stability of the semi-discrete DG scheme for the MHD system is used. Finally, the numerical schemes are implemented using the deal.II C++ libraries in the dflo code. The solution of common test cases show the capability of the method.
The Influence of BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Tetragonality by Solid State Synthesis on MLCC’s Dielectric Characteristics (2009)

BaTiO3 powders with particle size 0.1μm were made by solid state synthesis. To make high tetragonality BaTiO3 powder, mixture of TiO2 and BaCO3 was calcined in vacuum condition. And to make low tetragonality BaTiO3 powder, the mixture was calcined in air condition. With each powder, MLCCs with Ni-internal electrode were fabricated. Relationships between temperature and relative dielectric constant of MLCCs’ dielectric layers were analyzed and their dielectric grains were observed by TEM-EDS. As the result, MLCC made from high tetragonality BaTiO3 powder had good temperature characteristics and core-shell dielectric grains.
Influence of Pulse Shape in 112-Gb/s WDM PDM-QPSK Transmission (2010)

In this work, we investigated the influence of pulse shape on the transmission performance of polarization-division-multiplexed quadrature-phase-shift keying modulation format at 112 Gb/s in a ten-channel wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) transmission experiment with 50-GHz channel spacing. Nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) and return-to-zero with 50% duty cycle (RZ50) were compared. RZ50 was found to have better performance in both single-channel and WDM experiments. Compared with NRZ, the use of RZ50 yielded an increase in reach from 6560 to 7760 km in the single-channel experiment (corresponding to an increase in reach by 18%); in the case of WDM. the reach was extended from 5920 to 7360 km (corresponding to a 24% increase in reach).
Toward Standards for Instructional Supervision: A Genealogy of Standards (2020)

In this chapter, the authors ask where standards come from and whether their provenance offers a means of analyzing prospects for the development and promulgation of new standards in the field of instructional supervision. Briefly, a genealogical method combines analyses of scholarly texts with analyses of local and tacit knowledge to show contradictions and discontinuities, and points of struggle over how official discourses and practices are constituted, and by whom. Etymologies of the word standard indicate a transition from military to civilian and scientific denotations of the word, maintaining strong moral overtones. Processes of making and changing standards were crucial in the development of Western science and the expansion of European nations and empires. The biological sciences give us an example of the development of genetic standards derived from research and from which practices emanate. The teachers, leaders, students, and communities that inhabit schools require more complicated tools for instructional leadership toward educational equality and excellence.
KIAA1114, a full-length protein encoded by the trophinin gene, is a novel surface marker for isolating tumor-initiating cells of multiple hepatocellular carcinoma subtypes (2014)

Identification of novel biomarkers for tumor-initiating cells (TICs) is of critical importance for developing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies against cancers. Here we identified the role of KIAA1114, a full-length translational product of the trophinin gene, as a distinctive marker for TICs in human liver cancer by developing a DNA vaccine-induced monoclonal antibody targeting the putative extracellular domain of KIAA1114. Compared with other established markers of liver TICs, KIAA1114 was unique in that its expression was detected in both alpha fetoprotein (AFP)-positive and AFP-negative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines with the expression levels of KIAA1114 being positively correlated to their tumorigenic potentials. Notably, KIAA1114 expression was strongly detected in primary hepatic tumor, but neither in the adjacent non-tumorous tissue from the same patient nor normal liver tissue. KIAA1114high cells isolated from HCC cell lines displayed TIC-like features with superior functional and phenotypic traits compared to their KIAA1114low counterparts, including tumorigenic abilities in xenotransplantation model, in vitro colony- and spheroid-forming capabilities, expression of stemness-associated genes, and migratory capacity. Our findings not only address the value of a novel antigen, KIAA1114, as a potential diagnostic factor of human liver cancer, but also as an independent biomarker for identifying TIC populations that could be broadly applied to the heterogeneous HCC subtypes.
Search for an anomalous excess of charged-current quasielastic νe interactions with the MicroBooNE experiment using Deep-Learning-based reconstruction (2022)

We present a measurement of the e -interaction rate in the MicroBooNE detector that addresses the observed MiniBooNE anomalous low-energy excess (LEE). The approach taken isolates neutrino interactions consistent with the kinematics of charged-current quasielastic (CCQE) events. The topology of such signal events has a final state with one electron, one proton, and zero mesons (1e1p). Multiple novel techniques are employed to identify a 1e1p final state, including particle identification that use two methods of Deep-Learning-based image identification and event isolation using a boosted decision-tree ensemble trained to recognize two-body scattering kinematics. This analysis selects 25 e -candidate events in the reconstructed neutrino energy range of 200-1200 MeV, while 29.0 AE 1.9 sys AE 5.4 stat are predicted when using CCQE interactions as a constraint. We use a simplified model to translate the MiniBooNE LEE observation into a prediction for a e signal in MicroBooNE. A 2 test statistic, based on the combined Neyman-Pearson 2 formalism, is used to define frequentist confidence intervals for the LEE signal strength. Using this technique, in the case of no LEE signal, we expect this analysis to exclude a normalization factor of 0.75 (0.98) times the median MiniBooNE LEE signal strength at 90% (2) confidence level, while the MicroBooNE data yield an exclusion of 0.25 (0.38) times the median MiniBooNE LEE signal strength at 90% (2) confidence level.
On the Potential of Using Sub-THz Frequencies for Beyond 5G (2022)

This paper studies the potential of using above 71GHz frequencies for 5G-Advanced or later in 6G. More specifically, the focus is to analyze what could be needed in terms of waveform and numerologies. The results suggest that higher baseline subcarrier spacings (SCSs) may be needed when moving above 71GHz, to fulfill the need for higher required bandwidths and phase noise robustness. The required SCS depends on carrier frequency and modulation order. It is also illustrated that single-carrier waveforms, especially Known Tail Discrete Fourier Transform Spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (KT-DFT-s-OFDM) waveform is a potential candidate to be used in 5G-Advanced or 6G for sub-THz frequencies due to its robustness to phase noise, lower output power back-off and flexible adaptation of head and tail lengths.
Finding objects by grouping primitives (2002)

We describe the use of a representation, called a body plan, to segment and to recognize people and animals in complex environments. The representation is an organized collection of grouping hints obtained from a combination of constraints on color and texture and constraints on geometric properties such as the structure of individual parts and the relationships, between parts. The approach is illustrated with two examples of programs that successfully use body plans for recognition: one example involves determining whether a picture contains a scantily clad human, using a body plan built by hand; the other involves determining whether a picture contains a horse, using a body plan learned from image data. In both cases, the system demonstrates excellent performance on large, uncontrolled test sets and very large and diverse control sets. The mechanism of recognition by assembly is very general; we describe previous work on finding clothing by marking folds and then assembling groups of folds.
On Marton’s Inner Bound for the General Broadcast Channel (2014)

We establish several new results on Marton's inner bound on the capacity region of the general broadcast channel. Inspired by the fact that Marton's coding scheme without superposition coding is optimal in the Gaussian case, we consider the class of binary input degraded broadcast channels with no common message that have the same property. We characterize this class. We also establish new properties of Marton's inner bound that help restrict the search space for computing the Marton sum rate. In particular, we establish an extension of the XOR case of the binary inequality of Nair, Wang, and Geng.
Incremental visual text analytics of news story development (2011)

Online news sources produce thousands of news articles every day, reporting on local and global real-world events. New information quickly replaces the old, making it difficult for readers to put current events in the context of the past. Additionally, the stories have very complex relationships and characteristics that are difficult to model: they can be weakly or strongly connected, or they can merge or split over time. In this paper, we present a visual analytics system for exploration of news topics in dynamic information streams, which combines interactive visualization and text mining techniques to facilitate the analysis of similar topics that split and merge over time. We employ text clustering techniques to automatically extract stories from online news streams and present a visualization that: 1) shows temporal characteristics of stories in different time frames with different level of detail; 2) allows incremental updates of the display without recalculating the visual features of the past data; 3) sorts the stories by minimizing clutter and overlap from edge crossings. By using interaction, stories can be filtered based on their duration and characteristics in order to be explored in full detail with details on demand. To demonstrate the usefulness of our system, case studies with real news data are presented and show the capabilities for detailed dynamic text stream exploration.
Low complexity depth map extraction and all-in-focus rendering for close-to-the-pixel embedded platforms (2017)

Providing depth information along with images is a recurrent topic and many methods have been proposed in the literature, but most of them at the expense of heavy processing. With the development of new autonomous systems, smart sensors should be developed and algorithms simplified in order to embed processing closer to the signal acquisition. Among the reported depth extraction methods, depth from focus methods do not require heavy processing, they represent the most promising depth extraction process for close-to-the-pixel implementations. We developed low-processing-requirements depth-extraction methods based on bloc contrast analysis and compared them to a manually annotated reference ground truth and present obtained results along with results from similar works. Proposed methods are built on a sharpness criterion computed from horizontal and vertical gradients selected for their low complexity. Depth and confidence maps are then processed along horizontal and vertical directions and combined into unified depth and confidence maps. Two flavors of this process are presented: a high-resolution one for pixel-boundary precision and a low-resolution one that provides low-noise output and a drastic 4 to 1 memory requirement reduction. An error-removal method and smoothing method is also proposed to improve the final depth map. Finally, all-in-focus images are computed based on the previously processed depth maps. The algorithm output is a fully-focused RGB-D-C image.
Air‐bubbling, hollow‐fiber reactor with cell bleeding and cross‐flow filtration (1990)

Continuous asymmetric reduction of dyhydrooxoisophorone (DOIP) to 4-hydroxy-2,2,6-trimethylcyclo-hexanone (4-HTMCH) was achieved by a thermophilic bacterium Bacillus stearothermophilus NK86-0151. Three reactors were used: an air-bubbling hollow-fiber reactor with cell bleeding and cross-flow filtration, an air-lift reactor, and a CSTR with PAA immobilized cells. The maximum cell concentration of 11.1 g dry wt L(-1) was obtained in an air-bubbling hollow-fiber reactor, while in the other reactors the cell densities were between 3.5 and 4.1 g dry wt L(-1) The optimum bleed ratio was 0.1 at the dilution rate 0.3 h(-1) in the hollow-fiber reactor. The highest viable cell concentration was maintained in the dilution range of 0.4-0.7 h(-1) by a combination of proper cell bleeding and cross-flow filtration. The maximum volumetric productivity of 4-HTMCH reached 826 mg L(-1) h(-1) at the dilution rate 0.54 h(-1). This value was 4 and 2 times higher than those in the air-lift reactor and CSTR, respectively. The increasing viable cell concentration increased the volumetric productivity of 4-HTMCH. A cell free product solution was continuously obtained by cross-flow filtration.
Preface (2001)

Over the past decade, computer systems based largely on commodity processors from manufacturers such as AMD, Cyrix, and Intel, commodity operating systems such as Linux, Novell, and Windows, and industry-standard I/O protocols such as Ethernet, PCI, and SCSI, have rapidly moved upmarket into many mission- and performance-critical server applications. What were originally deployed as personal systems a decade ago have matured into oxymoron “PC servers” and are now being used for electronic commerce, web, file, and e-mail serving, enterprise resource planning, business intelligence, databases, messaging, telecommunications, storage, and a host of other server-class applications. The total worldwide server customer revenue for the year 2000 for 32-bit Intel Architecture-based servers was $26 billion, with an annual growth rate of 20%.
Engineered second-order nonlinearity in silicon nitride (2022)

The lack of a bulk second-order nonlinearity ( χ (2) ) in silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) keeps this low-loss, CMOS-compatible platform from key active functions such as Pockels electro-optic (EO) modulation and efficient second harmonic generation (SHG). We demonstrate a successful induction of χ (2) in Si 3 N 4 through electrical poling with an externally-applied field to align the Si-N bonds. This alignment breaks the centrosymmetry of Si 3 N 4 , and enables the bulk χ (2) . The sample is heated to over 500°C to facilitate the poling. The comparison between the EO responses of poled and non-poled Si 3 N 4 , measured using a Si 3 N 4 micro-ring modulator, shows at least a 25X enhancement in the r 33 EO component. The maximum χ (2) we obtain through poling is 0.30pm/V. We observe a remarkable improvement in the speed of the measured EO responses from 3 GHz to 15 GHz (3 dB bandwidth) after the poling, which confirms the χ (2) nature of the EO response induced by poling. This work paves the way for high-speed active functions on the Si 3 N 4 platform.