gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Second-order nonlinear-optical properties of donor- and acceptor-substituted aromatic compounds (1989)

Nonresonant second-order microscopic nonlinear-optical susceptibilities (β) of a series of organic conjugated π-electron molecules were measured, using dc-induced second-harmonicgeneration. This study confirms structure–property relationships that affect β, including the electronic properties of substituents, the length of and type of π-electron system, molecular configuration, and dispersion. A quantity β0, based on a two-level model, is used, allowing trends to be discerned more easily by dividing out the effects of the dispersion of the first excited state. The second-order microscopic susceptibilities of materials based on cyanovinyl-substituted azobenzenes and stilbenes are found to be large. Details of the experimental configuration and method are also presented.
Endoscopic Ultrasound/Fine Needle Aspiration Is Effective for Lymph Node Staging in Patients With Cholangiocarcinoma (2019)

EUS-FNA is effective for identifying MRLN in patients with CCA, and should be routinely incorporated into staging of all CCA subtypes given the impact of MRLN on prognosis and management decisions.
Abstract 15 (2015)

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLASTIC SURGEONS PLASTIC & RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY PRS GLOBAL OPEN ASPS EDUCATION NETWORK AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLASTIC SURGEONS PLASTIC & RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY PRS GLOBAL OPEN ASPS EDUCATION NETWORK
Cycloolefin/cyanoacrylate (COCA) copolymers for 193-nm and 157-nm lithography (2002)

The copolymerization reaction between methyl cyanoacrylate (MCA) and a variety of cycloolefins (CO) was investigated. Cycololefin/cyanoacrylate (COCA) copolymers were obtained in good yields and with lithographically interesting molecular weights for all cycoolefins studied. Anionic MCA homopolymerization could be largely suppressed using acetic acid. Based on NMR data, the copolymerization may tend to a 1:1 CO:MCA incorporation ratio but further work with better suppression of the anionic component is needed to confirm this. Lithographic tests on copolymers of appropriately substituted norbornenes and MCA showed semi-dense and isolated line performance down to 90 nm.
Investigation of radical reactions for efficiency improvement in ozone-hydrogen peroxide treatment (2001)

It was verified by laboratory-scale experiments that the two-port ozone injection method was more advantageous for reaction efficiency in the ozone-hydrogen peroxide treatment than the conventional one-port ozone injection method under the condition of same ozone dose. The reason for this effectiveness was also investigated in detail by computer simulations in the wide range of the rate constant of OH radical reacting with TOC (kTOC). The laboratory-scale experiments revealed that the amount of TOC decomposed (delta TOC) increased by up to 41% by the two-port injection method, indicating a 27% improvement in delta O3/delta TOC. A detailed investigation of these experimental results by computer simulations showed that by injecting ozone in two ports the amount of ozone consumed for the OH radical formation was increased more remarkably than that of ozone consumed for the radical chain reactions, and that the amount of OH radical reacting with TOC was increased more strikingly than that with ozone. Furthermore, it was found that the smaller the kTOC value with 10(5)-10(9) M-1s-1 was, the more advantageous for the reaction efficiency the two-port injection method was.
Adaptive Kalman filter for indoor localization using Bluetooth Low Energy and inertial measurement unit (2015)

This paper proposes a novel indoor localization method using the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) and an inertial measurement unit (IMU). The multipath and non-line-of-sight errors from low-power wireless localization systems commonly result in outliers, affecting the positioning accuracy. We address this problem by adaptively weighting the estimates from the IMU and BLE in our proposed cascaded Kalman filter (KF). The positioning accuracy is further improved with the Rauch-Tung-Striebel smoother. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared against that of the standard KF experimentally. The results show that the proposed algorithm can maintain high accuracy for position tracking the sensor in the presence of the outliers.
Natural rubber as a renewable carbon source for mesoporous carbon/silica nanocomposites (2020)

This study is the first report on the preparation of mesoporous carbon/silica (MCS) nanocomposites with tunable mesoporosity and hydrophobicity using natural rubber (NR) as a renewable and cheap carbon source. A series of mesoporous nanocomposites based on NR and hexagonal mesoporous silica (HMS) were prepared via an in situ sol-gel process and used as precursors; then, they were converted into MCS materials by controlled carbonization. The NR/HMS precursors exhibited a high dispersion of rubber phase incorporated into the mesostructured silica framework as confirmed by small-angle X-ray scattering and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. An increase in the carbonization temperature up to 700 °C resulted in MCS nanocomposites with a well-ordered mesostructure and uniform framework-confined wormhole-like channels. The NR/HMS nanocomposites possessed high specific surface area (500-675 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>-1</sup>) and large pore volume (1.14-1.44 cm<sup>3</sup> g<sup>-1</sup>). The carbon content of MCS (3.0-16.1 wt%) was increased with an increase in the H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> concentration. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the high dispersion of graphene oxide-like carbonaceous moieties in MCS materials; the type and amount of oxygen-containing groups in obtained MCS materials were determined by H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> concentration. The enhanced hydrophobicity of MCS nanocomposites was related to the carbon content and the depletion of surface silanol groups, as confirmed by the water sorption measurement. The study on the controlled release of diclofenac in simulated gastrointestinal environment suggests a potential application of MCS materials as drug carriers.
Antibody Responses to a Quadrivalent Hepatitis C Viral-Like Particle Vaccine Adjuvanted with Toll-Like Receptor 2 Agonists (2018)

The development of an effective preventative hepatitis C virus (HCV) vaccine will reside, in part, in its ability to elicit neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). We previously reported a genotype 1a HCV virus like particle (VLP) vaccine that produced HCV specific NAb and T cell responses that were substantially enhanced by Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) agonists. We have now produced a quadrivalent genotype 1a/1b/2a/3a HCV VLP vaccine and tested the ability of two TLR2 agonists, R<sub>4</sub>Pam<sub>2</sub>Cys and E<sub>8</sub>Pam<sub>2</sub>Cys, to stimulate the production of NAb. We now show that our vaccine with R<sub>4</sub>Pam<sub>2</sub>Cys or E<sub>8</sub>Pam<sub>2</sub>Cys produces strong antibody and NAb responses in vaccinated mice after just two doses. Total antibody titers were higher in mice inoculated with vaccine plus E<sub>8</sub>Pam<sub>2</sub>Cys compared to HCV VLPs alone. However, the TLR2 agonists did not result in stronger NAb responses compared to vaccine without adjuvant. Such a vaccine could provide a substantial addition to the overall goal to eliminate HCV.
Special Issue on Integrated Knowledge on Innovative Robot Mechanisms (2018)

A robot is a system integrated with many elements such as actuators, sensors, computers, and mechanical components. Currently, progress in the field of artificial intelligence induced by tremendous improvements in computer processing capabilities has enabled robots to behave in a more sophisticated manner, which is drawing considerable attention. On the other hand, the mechanism that directly produces robot movements and mechanical work sometimes brings out some competencies that cannot be provided solely by computer control that relies on sensor feedback. This special issue on “Integrated Knowledge on Innovative Robot Mechanisms” aims to introduce a knowledge system for robot mechanisms that bring forth useful and innovative functions and values. The editors hope that the studies discussed in this special issue will help in the realization and further improvement of the mechanical functions of robots in the real world.
(Invited) Foldable Perovskite Solar Cells Using Carbon Nanotube-Embedded Ultrathin Polyimide Conductor (2021)

Recently, foldable electronics technology has become the focus of both academic and industrial research. The foldable device technology is distinct from flexible technology, as foldable devices have to withstand severe mechanical stresses such as those caused by an extremely small bending radius of 0.5 mm. To realize foldable devices, transparent conductors must exhibit outstanding mechanical resilience, for which they must be micrometer-thin, and the conducting material must be embedded into a substrate. Here, a single-walled carbon nanotubes–polyimide composite film with a thickness of 7 μm is synthesized and used as a foldable transparent conductor in perovskite solar cells. During the high-temperature curing of the carbon nanotubes-embedded polyimide conductor, the carbon nanotubes are stably and strongly p -doped using MoO x , resulting in enhanced conductivity and hole transportability. The ultrathin foldable transparent conductor exhibits an sheet resistance of 82 Ω sq. -1 and transmittance of 80% at 700 nm, with a maximum-power-point-tracking-output of 15.2% when made into a foldable solar cell. The foldable solar cells can withstand more than 10,000 folding cycles with a folding radius of 0.5 mm. Such mechanically resilient perovskite solar cells are unprecedented; further they exhibit the best performance among the carbon-nanotube-transparent-electrode-based flexible solar cells. Figure 1
Modified goal chasing for products with non-zero/one bills of material (1993)

Abstract One goal of the Toyota production system is a level usage of parts in assembly. To this end Toyota developed a ‘goal chasing’ algorithm for sequencing vehicles in its assembly plants. Since the goal chasing method 1 was computationally too burdensome for most real-world applications, Toyota developed a faster version called the ‘goal chasing method 2.’ While this modified version performs well in automotive assembly for which it was designed, it cannot sequence products with non-zero/one part requirements. For example printed circuit boards have non-zero/one product-part usage matrices. These and other electronic products can have any number of a particular chip, resistor, capacitor, or other electronic component. Hence the product-part usage matrix for these electronic products is not zero/one, and the goal chasing method 2 cannot be used. We present another modification of the goal chasing algorithm that is faster than Toyota's goal chasing method 2, and can sequence products with non-zero/one product-part usage matrices.
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Study of Surface Structure and Magnetism of Fe Thin Films Grown on MgO (001) (1999)

Substrate preparation procedure dependence of the growth morphology and magnetic properties of 25 ML bcc-Fe(001) thin films epitaxially grown on MgO(001) substrates in a wide range of growth temperature was investigated by means of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). The growth morphology of Fe thin films was uniform both on a polished and on an annealed substrate, but nonuniform on a cleaved substrate. It was very difficult to obtain a flat Fe thin film on the cleaved substrate, and the film became discontinuous at or above a growth temperature of 493 K. At a growth temperature of 550 K, atomically defined terraces of Fe thin films were formed on the annealed substrate but were not formed on the polished substrate. A continuous film grown on the annealed substrate at a temperature of 593 K has a less magnetic anisotropy. The other continuous films have low coercivity of about 8 Oe and a biaxial magnetic anisotropy. The dependency of the growth morphology and magnetic properties of Fe thin films upon substrate preparation procedures concerning the presence of step-terraces on the substrate surface is discussed.
Bi‐axial self‐reinforcement of high‐density polyethylene induced by high‐molecular weight polyethylene through dynamic packing injection molding (2006)

Abstract Previously, bi‐axial self‐reinforcement of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) was achieved through a uni‐axial shear stress field introduced by dynamic packing injection molding technology. Here, further improvement of tensile strength along the flow direction (MD) was achieved by blending a small amount of high‐molecular‐weight polyethylene (HMWPE) with HDPE, while the tensile strength along the transverse direction (TD) still substantially exceeded that of conventional moldings. Tensile strengths in both flow and transverse directions were considerably enhanced, with improvements from 23 MPa to 76 MPa in MD and from 23 MPa to 31 MPa in TD. The effect of HMWPE content and molding parameters on tensile properties was also investigated. The tensile strength along MD was highly dependent on HMWPE content, oscillating cycle, mold temperature, melt temperature and packing pressure, while that along TD was insensitive to composition and processing parameters within the selected design space. According to the stress–strain curves, samples with HMWPE produced by dynamic packing injection molding had a special tensile failure mode in MD, different from both typical plastic and brittle failure modes. There were no yielding and necking phenomena, which are characteristic during tensile testing of plastic materials, but there was still a considerably higher elongation compared to those of brittle materials. However, in TD, all dynamic injection molding samples exhibited plastic failure as did typical conventional injection molding samples. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
Oral Anticoagulant Prescription Trends, Profile Use, and Determinants of Adherence in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (2019)

The clinical uptake of DOACs increased over time, accounting for 87.3% of prescriptions in 2017. In our study, 25% of new OAC users presented a low adherence level. Adherence to OACs remains a significant challenge in patients with AF.
Imaging and Characterization of Sustained Gadolinium Nanoparticle Release from Next Generation Radiotherapy Biomaterial (2020)

Smart radiotherapy biomaterials (SRBs) present a new opportunity to enhance image-guided radiotherapy while replacing routinely used inert radiotherapy biomaterials like fiducials. In this study the potential of SRBs loaded with gadolinium-based nanoparticles (GdNPs) is investigated for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast. GdNP release from SRB is quantified and modelled for accurate prediction. SRBs were manufactured similar to fiducials, with a cylindrical shell consisting of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) and a core loaded with GdNPs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast was investigated at 7T in vitro (in agar) and in vivo in subcutaneous tumors grown with the LLC1 lung cancer cell line in C57/BL6 mice. GdNPs were quantified in-phantom and in tumor and their release was modelled by the Weibull distribution. Gd concentration was linearly fitted to the R1 relaxation rate with a detection limit of 0.004 mmol/L and high confidence level (R2 = 0.9843). GdNP loaded SRBs in tumor were clearly visible up to at least 14 days post-implantation. Signal decrease during this time showed GdNP release in vivo, which was calculated as 3.86 ± 0.34 µg GdNPs release into the tumor. This study demonstrates potential and feasibility for SRBs with MRI-contrast, and sensitive GdNP quantification and release from SRBs in a preclinical animal model. The feasibility of monitoring nanoparticle (NP) concentration during treatment, allowing dynamic quantitative treatment planning, is also discussed.
Effects of Dopamine and Dobutamine on Regional Blood Flow Distribution in the Neonatal Piglet (1995)

Dopamine may prove a valuable adjunct when a premature infant is at risk for conditions that reduce alimentary tract blood flow.
Concordance of immunological events between intrarectal and intravenous SHIVAD8-EO infection when assessed by Fiebig-equivalent staging (2021)

Primary HIV-1 infection can be classified into six Fiebig stages based on virological and serological laboratory testing, whereas simian-HIV (SHIV) infection in nonhuman primates (NHPs) is defined in time post-infection, making it difficult to extrapolate NHP experiments to the clinics. We identified and extensively characterized the Fiebig-equivalent stages in NHPs challenged intrarectally or intravenously with SHIVAD8-EO. During the first month post-challenge, intrarectally challenged monkeys were up to 1 week delayed in progression through stages. However, regardless of the challenge route, stages I-II predominated before, and stages V-VI predominated after, peak viremia. Decrease in lymph node (LN) CD4+ T cell frequency and rise in CD8+ T cells occurred at stage V. LN virus-specific CD8+ T cell responses, dominated by degranulation and TNF, were first detected at stage V and increased at stage VI. A similar late elevation in follicular CXCR5+ CD8+ T cells occurred, consistent with higher plasma CXCL13 levels at these stages. LN SHIVAD8-EO RNA+ cells were present at stage II, but appeared to decline at stage VI when virions accumulated in follicles. Fiebig-equivalent staging of SHIVAD8-EO infection revealed concordance of immunological events between intrarectal and intravenous infection despite different infection progressions, and can inform comparisons of NHP studies with clinical data.
Normalization-based approach to electric motor BVR related capacitances computation (2018)

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) bearing currents that may occur within electric machines of variable-speed-driven motor systems have been recognized for a long time. One important factor of influence, the capacitive voltage divider “bearing-voltage-ratio” BVR of the machine strongly depends on the rotor-to-frame and the stator winding-to-rotor capacitances which are, in turn, affected by the design of the machine's stator slot. This paper presents an approach to improve the accuracy with which these capacitances can be estimated. It is based on the well-known plate capacitance equation which is then corrected by normalization functions. The functions are defined by extensive parameter studies using electrostatic FEM simulations. The final expressions not only allow relatively accurately predicting the stator-winding-to-rotor and rotor-to-frame capacitances. They are also easily applicable, so as to, for example, easily study the sensitivity of the BVR towards changes of the different stator slot parameters.
Progressive Increase in Telomerase Activity From Benign Melanocytic Conditions to Malignant Melanoma (1999)

The expression of telomerase activity and the in situ localization of the human telomerase RNA component (hTR) in melanocytic skin lesions was evaluated in specimens from sixty-three patients. Specimens of melanocytic nevi, primary melanomas and subcutaneous metastases of melanoma were obtained from fifty-eight patients, whereas metastasized lymph nodes were obtained from five patients. Telomerase activity was determined in these specimens by using a Polymerase Chain Reaction-based assay (TRAP). High relative mean telomerase activity levels were detected in metastatic melanoma (subcutaneous metastases = 54.5, lymph node metastases = 56.5). Much lower levels were detected in primary melanomas, which increased with advancing levels of tumor cell penetration (Clark II = 0.02, Clark III = 1.1, and Clark IV = 1.9). Twenty-six formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded melanocytic lesions were sectioned and analyzed for telomerase RNA with a radioactive in situ hybridization assay. In situ hybridization studies with a probe to the template RNA component of telomerase confirmed that expression was almost exclusively confined to tumor cells and not infiltrating lymphocytes. These results indicate that levels of telomerase activity and telomerase RNA in melanocytic lesions correlate well with clinical stage and could potentially assist in the diagnosis of borderline lesions.
Aquaporin-8 expression is reduced in ileum and induced in colon of patients with ulcerative colitis (2007)

Our results suggest that upregulation of AQP8 in the colon of UC patients represents a secondary phenomenon which may, due to altered water exchange of the distal intestinal mucosa, disturb the physiologic colonic mucus barrier and thus lead to chronic inflammation and ulceration.
Millimeter-Wave CMOS Antennas and RFIC Parameter Extraction for Vehicular Applications (2010)

This paper reviews recent developments in vehicular radar at 60 GHz and above, with a focus on low cost integrated antennas. We investigate a number of radar and communication antenna systems that can be made inexpensively and in large volumes using standard CMOS semiconductor fabrication methods. As shown here, the electromagnetic characteristics of low cost CMOS processes are often not well understood when applied to mmWave and THz RF applications. Here, we describe several methodologies and measured results to understand electromagnetic behavior of integrated circuits and on-chip antenna performance in a 180 nm CMOS process up to 67 GHz. By gaining understanding of the electrical characteristics of older, lower cost semiconductor CMOS processes, it becomes possible to design mmWave on-chip antennas and other passive devices at extremely low cost and with great reliability.
Spin Accumulation in Nondegenerate and Heavily Doped p-Type Germanium (2012)

Spin accumulation induced in p-type germanium from Fe/MgO tunnel contacts is studied as a function of hole concentration p (1016–1019 cm-3). For all p, the contacts are free of rectification and Schottky barrier, guaranteeing spin injection into the Ge and preventing spin accumulation enhancement by two-step tunneling via interface states. The observed spin accumulation is smallest for nondegenerate doping (p~1016 cm-3) and increases for heavily doped Ge. This trend is opposite to what is expected from spin injection and diffusion theory. For heavily doped Ge, the observed spin accumulation is orders of magnitude larger than predicted.
Logic simulation system using simulation processor (SP) (1988)

This paper describes a (special-purpose) logic simulation processor (SP) and a software system for the SP for use in verifying the design of computers and other logic devices. Our system can evaluate a logic circuit containing 4 million logic primitives and 32M bytes of memory at a maximum speed of 800 million active primitive evaluations per second.This paper outlines the hardware architecture, then discusses a software system that optimizes hardware performance. It presents the results of system use and evaluates the system.