gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nonisothermal model for gas separation hollow‐fiber membranes (1999)

Abstract A model for multicomponent gas separation using hollow‐fiber membrane modules is presented that explicitly accounts for heating or cooling inside membrane permeators due to gas expansion. The model permits simulation of countercurrent contacting with permeate purging (or sweep). The numerical approach permits rapid and stable solutions for cases with many components, even when the mixture contains components with widely varying permeability coefficients. Simulation results are presented for natural‐gas sweetening, a commercially significant application, using polymer permeation properties similar to those of a high‐performance polyimide. For some conditions, temperature decreases from the feed to residue end of the module by as much as 40°C. As CO 2 concentration in the feed increases or as stage cut increases, the temperature decrease from feed to residue increases. Relative to an isothermal case, expansion‐driven cooling reduces stage cut at a given feed flow rate since gas permeability decreases with decreasing temperature. Neglect of expansion‐driven cooling in natural‐gas separation simulations can lead to large errors in estimating the amount of feed gas that can be treated to achieve a fixed residue composition. For 30% CO 2 feed concentration, if the effective membrane thickness is halved, only a 20% increase (rather than almost a factor of 2) in the amount of gas that can be treated per unit area is obtained due to the impact of expansion‐driven cooling on gas flux.
Therapeutic enzyme deimmunization by combinatorial T-cell epitope removal using neutral drift (2011)

A number of heterologous enzymes have been investigated for cancer treatment and other therapeutic applications; however, immunogenicity issues have limited their clinical utility. Here, a new approach has been created for heterologous enzyme deimmunization whereby combinatorial saturation mutagenesis is coupled with a screening strategy that capitalizes on the evolutionary biology concept of neutral drift, and combined with iterative computational prediction of T-cell epitopes to achieve extensive reengineering of a protein sequence for reduced MHC-II binding propensity without affecting catalytic and pharmacological properties. Escherichia coli L-asparaginase II (EcAII), the only nonhuman enzyme approved for repeated administration, is critical in treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), but elicits adverse antibody responses in a significant fraction of patients. The neutral drift screening of combinatorial saturation mutagenesis libraries at a total of 12 positions was used to isolate an EcAII variant containing eight amino acid substitutions within computationally predicted T-cell epitopes--of which four were nonconservative--while still exhibiting k(cat)/K(M) = 10(6) M(-1) s(-1) for L-Asn hydrolysis. Further, immunization of HLA-transgenic mice expressing the ALL-associated DRB1*0401 allele with the engineered variant resulted in significantly reduced T-cell responses and a 10-fold reduction in anti-EcAII IgG titers relative to the existing therapeutic. This significant reduction in the immunogenicity of EcAII may be clinically relevant for ALL treatment and illustrates the potential of employing neutral drift screens to achieve large jumps in sequence space as may be required for the deimmunization of heterologous proteins.
Experimental design and sample size considerations in longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging-based biomarker detection for multiple sclerosis (2020)

Several modeling approaches have been developed to quantify differences in multiple sclerosis lesion evolution on magnetic resonance imaging to identify the effect of treatment on disease progression. These studies have limited clinical applicability due to onerous scan frequency and lengthy study duration. Efficient methods are needed to reduce the required sample size, study duration, and sampling frequency in longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging studies. We develop a data-driven approach to identify parameters of study design for evaluation of longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers of multiple sclerosis lesion evolution. Our design strategies are considerably shorter than those described in previous studies, thus having the potential to lower costs of clinical trials. From a dataset of 36 multiple sclerosis patients with at least six monthly magnetic resonance imagings, we extracted new lesions and performed principal component analysis to estimate a biomarker that recapitulated lesion recovery. We tested the effect of multiple sclerosis disease modifying therapy on the lesion evolution index in three experimental designs and calculated sample sizes needed to appropriately power studies. Our proposed methods can be used to calculate required sample size and scan frequency in observational studies of multiple sclerosis disease progression as well as in designing clinical trials to find effects of treatment on multiple sclerosis lesion evolution.
New Approaches for Synthesizing γIII-CoOOH by Soft Chemistry (2003)

Two soft chemical processes enabling the low-temperature synthesis of γIII-CoOOH are reported. Both processes consist of an oxidation reaction of αII-Co(OH)2 performed either in dry conditions (ozonation) or in solution. The γIII-CoOOH phase is usually prepared using a ceramic step process, which hinders its synthesis as a coating to improve the electrochemical performance of the active nickel hydroxide positive electrode in Ni-based batteries. Through this work, new γIII-CoOOH phases presenting properties quite different from those of the ceramic γIII-COOOH are obtained. The chemical stability in concentrated potassium hydroxide solution and the electrochemical behavior of these new phases have also been studied.
Robust relative stability of time-invariant and time-varying lattice filters (1998)

We consider the relative stability of time-invariant and time-varying unnormalized lattice filters. First, we consider a set of lattice filters whose reflection parameters /spl alpha//sub i/ obey |/spl alpha//sub i/|/spl les//spl delta//sub i/ and provide necessary and sufficient conditions on the /spl delta//sub i/ that guarantee that each time-invariant lattice in the set has poles inside a circle of prescribed radius 1//spl rho/<1, i.e., is relatively stable with degree of stability ln /spl rho/. We also show that the relative stability of the whole family is equivalent to the relative stability of a single filter obtained by fixing each /spl alpha//sub i/ to /spl delta//sub i/ and can be checked with only the real poles of this filter. Counterexamples are given to show that a number of properties that hold for stability of LTI Lattices do not apply to relative stability verification. Second, we give a diagonal Lyapunov matrix that is useful in checking the above pole condition. Finally, we consider the time-varying problem where the reflection coefficients vary in a region where the frozen transfer functions have poles with magnitude less than 1//spl rho/ and provide bounds on their rate of variations that ensure that the zero input state solution of the time-varying lattice decays exponentially at a rate faster than 1//spl rho//sub 1/>1//spl rho/.
CRICS - Confusion Rejection Image Compensation System (1995)

A novel concept for the compensation of aberrated images has been developed. It is based on the idea of introducing a pupil mask that blocks the most highly tilted portions of the incoming wavefront. Such a mask might consist of a spatial light modulator. The SLM would be driven by a binary Hartmann sensor. Subapertures with low tilt would turn on their corresponding SLM pixels allowing the nearly flat portions of the wavefront to propagate. Subapertures with larger tilts would act to turn off their SLM pixels, eliminating those portions of the pupil that don not contribute to the core of the image.
User Behavior Analytics (2017)

User Behaviour Analytics is the tracking, collecting and assessing of user data and activities. The goal is to detect misuse of user credentials by developing models for the normal behaviour of user credentials within a computer network and detect outliers with respect to their baseline.
Immunization of Saimiri sciureus Monkeys with Plasmodium falciparum Merozoite Surface Protein‐3 and Glutamate‐Rich Protein Suggests that Protection is Related to Antibody Levels (2004)

The immunogenicity and protective efficacy of various antigen-adjuvant formulations derived either from the merozoite-surface protein-3 (MSP-3) or the glutamate-rich protein (GLURP) of Plasmodium falciparum were evaluated in Saimiri sciureus monkeys. These proteins were selected for immunogenicity studies based primarily on their capacity of inducing an antibody-dependent cellular inhibition effect on parasite growth. Some of the S. sciureus monkeys immunized with MSP-3(212-380)-AS02 or GLURP(27-500)-alum were able to fully or partially control parasitaemia upon an experimental P. falciparum [Falciparum Uganda Palo Alto (FUP-SP) strain] blood-stage infection, and this protection was related to the prechallenge antibody titres induced. The data are indicative that MSP-3 and GLURP can induce protective immunity against an experimental P. falciparum infection using adjuvants that are acceptable for human use and this should trigger further studies with those new antigens.
Synthetic strategies to access linear and branched amphiphilic copolymers based on polystyrene and poly(ethylene oxide) (2020)

The synthetic methodologies developed to prepare both linear-type and branched amphiphilic copolymers based on polystyrene (PS) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) are reviewed. These nonionic macromolecular amphiphiles include linear block, graft, star-block, miktoarm star, star-graft, dumbbell and arborescent copolymers. Emphasis is placed on the possibilities to obtain well defined architectures free of any contaminant through the control of the polymerization procedures.
Abnormal Protein Kinase C Down Regulation and Reduced Substrate Levels in Non-Phorbol Ester-Responsive 3T3-TNR9 Cells (1990)

The cell line TNR9 (E. Butler-Gralla and H. R. Herschman, J. Cell. Physiol. 107:59-67, 1981) in a Swiss 3T3 cell variant that expresses protein kinase C (PKC) but is mitogenically nonresponsive to the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). We have found that PKCs purified from variant and parental cells are identical as judged by kinase activity, protease mapping, and column chromatography. We analyzed cellular levels and subcellular location of PKC in TPA-treated 3T3 and TNR9 cells via immunoprecipitation of [35S]methionine-labeled protein and assay of immune-complex PKC kinase activity. TNR9 cells grew to higher densities than parental 3T3 cells. TNR9 cells at maximal density did not down regulate PKC in response to long-term TPA treatment. We compared the 80-kilodalton (kDa) PKC substrate phosphorylation in 3T3 and TNR9 cells by using two-dimensional gels and found that TNR9 cells treated with TPA for 30 min contained only 10 to 15% as much 32Pi associated with the 80-kDa as did parental cells. The TNR9 80-kDa substrate was present at reduced levels compared with the parental-cell 80-kDa substrate as judged by immunoblot and silver staining. Thus, the loss of mitogenic responsiveness to TPA in TNR9 cells is accompanied by resistance to TPA-mediated down regulation of PKC and reduced phosphosubstrate levels.
Investigating Intense Rainfall Influence on Distance Measurement with a Time-of-Flight Camera Sensor Using Optical Ray-Tracing Simulation Technique (2018)

Robust, fast and reliable examination of the surroundings is essential for further advancements in autonomous driving and robotics. Time-of-Flight (ToF) camera sensors are a key technology to measure surrounding objects and their distances on a pixel basis in real-time. Environmental effects, like rain in front of the sensor, can influence the distance accuracy of the sensor. Here we use an optical ray-tracing based procedure to examine the rain effect on the ToF image. Simulation results are presented for experimental rain droplet distributions, characteristic of intense rainfall at rates of 25 mm/h and 100 mm/h. The ray-tracing based simulation data and results serve as an input for developing and testing rain signal suppression strategies.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND SPECTROSCOPY OF MONOSUBSTITUTED DERIVATIVES OF TUNGSTEN HEXACARBONYL WHICH EXHIBIT LOW‐EFFICIENCY PHOTOREACTIVITIES (1979)

Abstract Untersuchung der Photochemie sowie IR‐ und Elektronenspektroskopie der Komplexe (I) und (II).
ChemInform Abstract: EFFECT OF CRYSTALLIZING THE GRAIN‐BOUNDARY GLASS PHASE ON THE HIGH‐TEMPERATURE STRENGTH OF HOT‐PRESSED SI3N4 CONTAINING Y2O3 (1975)

Abstract Die Herstellungseinflüsse auf die Hochtemperaturfestigkeit von heißgepreßtem Si 3 N 4 , dasS Gew.‐% Y 2 O 3 enthält, werden untersucht.
Effect of thiol-containing monomer on the preparation of temperature-sensitive hydrogel microspheres (2006)

The main objective of this study is to prepare, thermally, sensitive microgel particles bearing thiol groups via precipitation polymerization of <i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM), methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) and vinylbenzylisothiouronium chloride (VBIC) using 2-2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)-dihydrochloride (V50) as initiator. The influence of various parameters has been investigated as a systematic study to point out the role of each reactant on polymerization conversion, and consequently, on particles and water-soluble polymer formation. The final microgel particles were characterized with respect to particle size and swelling ability. The aim of this paper is to complete our first short communication; <i>Macromolecular symposia, 2000. 150: p. 283-290</i>.
A life history model of the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of polyaneuploid cancer cells (2022)

Therapeutic resistance is one of the main reasons for treatment failure in cancer patients. The polyaneuploid cancer cell (PACC) state has been shown to promote resistance by providing a refuge for cancer cells from the effects of therapy and by helping them adapt to a variety of environmental stressors. This state is the result of aneuploid cancer cells undergoing whole genome doubling and skipping mitosis, cytokinesis, or both. In this paper, we create a novel mathematical framework for modeling the eco-evolutionary dynamics of state-structured populations and use this framework to construct a model of cancer populations with an aneuploid and a PACC state. Using in silico simulations, we explore how the PACC state allows cancer cells to (1) survive extreme environmental conditions by exiting the cell cycle after S phase and protecting genomic material and (2) aid in adaptation to environmental stressors by increasing the cancer cell's ability to generate heritable variation (evolvability) through the increase in genomic content that accompanies polyploidization. In doing so, we demonstrate the ability of the PACC state to allow cancer cells to persist under therapy and evolve therapeutic resistance. By eliminating cells in the PACC state through appropriately-timed PACC-targeted therapies, we show how we can prevent the emergence of resistance and promote cancer eradication.
Pressure-Transient Behavior of Continuously and Discretely Fractured Reservoirs (2014)

Summary Fractures are common features of many well-known reservoirs. Naturally fractured reservoirs contain fractures in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary formations. Faults in many naturally fractured carbonate reservoirs often have high-permeability zones, and are connected to many fractures with varying conductivities. Furthermore, in many naturally fractured reservoirs, faults and fractures can be discrete (i.e., not a connected-network fracture system). New semianalytical solutions are used to understand the pressure behavior of naturally fractured reservoirs containing a network of discrete and/or connected (continuous) finite- and infinite-conductivity fractures. We present an extensive literature review of the pressure-transient behavior of fractured reservoirs. First, we show that the Warren and Root (1963) dual-porosity model is a fictitious homogeneous porous medium because it does not contain any fractures. Second, by use of the new solutions, we show that for most naturally fractured reservoirs, the Warren and Root (1963) dual-porosity model is inappropriate and fundamentally incomplete for the interpretation of pressure-transient well tests because it does not capture the behavior of these reservoirs. We examined many field well tests published in the literature. With few exceptions, none of them shows the behavior of the Warren and Root (1963) dual-porosity model. These examples exhibit very diverse pressure behaviors of discretely and continuously fractured reservoirs. Unlike the single derivative shape of the Warren and Root (1963) model, the derivatives of these examples exhibit many different flow regimes depending on fracture distribution and on their intensity and conductivity. We show these flow regimes with our new model for discretely and continuously fractured reservoirs. Most well tests published in the literature do not exhibit the Warren and Root (1963) dual-porosity reservoir-model behavior. If we interpret them by use of this dual-porosity model, then the estimated permeability, skin factor, interporosity flow coefficient (λ), and storativity ratio (ω) will not represent the actual reservoir parameters.
Acquisition of glutamine synthetase expression in human hepatocarcinogenesis (1999)

The results of this study demonstrate the acquisition of GS expression during hepatocarcinogenesis and the possible regulation of GS enzyme activity by a Ub-dependent proteolytic system. Moreover, GS might play a significant role in promoting the metastatic potential of HCC.
Creation of UltracoldRb87Cs133Molecules in the Rovibrational Ground State (2014)

We report the creation of a sample of over 1000 ultracold ^{87}Rb^{133}Cs molecules in the lowest rovibrational ground state, from an atomic mixture of ^{87}Rb and ^{133}Cs, by magnetoassociation on an interspecies Feshbach resonance followed by stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP). We measure the binding energy of the RbCs molecule to be hc×3811.576(1) cm^{-1} and the |v^{''}=0,J^{''}=0⟩ to |v^{''}=0,J^{''}=2⟩ splitting to be h×2940.09(6) MHz. Stark spectroscopy of the rovibrational ground state yields an electric dipole moment of 1.225(3)(8) D, where the values in parentheses are the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. We can access a space-fixed dipole moment of 0.355(2)(4) D, which is substantially higher than in previous work.
Silicon Photonic Mach-Zehnder Modulator Driver for 800+Gb/s Optical Links (2021)

High-Baud rate Si-photonic based optical systems will enable the next generation of low power optical modules for datacenter and long-reach applications. In this paper the importance of high-speed interconnect between DAC-Driver and modulator is discussed. A new solution to reduce the interconnect loss in both transmitter and receiver path is proposed. Furthermore, a new low power driver architecture is proposed which can deliver more than 4Vppd to a Si-Photonic Mach-Zehnder modulator with more than 70GHz of electrical bandwidth. The total harmonic distortion (THD) performance of the driver is measured using <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$100\Omega$</tex> differential load and is better than 5% for output swings of <4Vppd at 1GHz and 5GHz. Optical eye diagram is provided and BER measurements indicate BER of better than 3e-4 for 90GBaud 168Gb/s PAM4 transmission.
Understanding the structural properties of p-xylylenebis(triphenylphosphonium) cation under different pH and anion conditions (2020)

<italic>Cis</italic>- and <italic>trans</italic>-conformers of the <italic>p</italic>-xylylenebis(triphenylphosphonium) dication can be accommodated in crystalline solids, depending on the pH of the solution and the presence of auxiliary anions (including <italic>p</italic>-sulfonatocalix[4]arene) and cations.
New Kinetics Methodologies Applied to Carbene Fragmentation Reactions (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTNew Kinetics Methodologies Applied to Carbene Fragmentation ReactionsRobert A. Moss, Lauren A. Johnson, Shunqi Yan, John P. Toscano, and Brett M. ShowalterView Author Information Department of Chemistry Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903 Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, Maryland 21218 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 45, 11256–11257Publication Date (Web):October 26, 2000Publication History Received17 July 2000Revised22 September 2000Published online26 October 2000Published inissue 1 November 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja002611xhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja002611xrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views171Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Carbene compounds,Fragmentation,Kinetics,Lithium iron phosphate,Pyridines Get e-Alerts
Importance of Propionibacterium acnes hemolytic activity in human intervertebral discs: A microbiological study (2018)

Most patients with chronic lower back pain (CLBP) exhibit degenerative disc disease. Disc specimens obtained during initial therapeutic discectomies are often infected/colonized with Propionibacterium acnes, a Gram-positive commensal of the human skin. Although pain associated with infection is typically ascribed to the body's inflammatory response, the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus was recently observed to directly activate nociceptors by secreting pore-forming α-hemolysins that disrupt neuronal cell membranes. The hemolytic activity of P. acnes in cultured disc specimens obtained during routine therapeutic discectomies was assessed through incubation on sheep-blood agar. The β-hemolysis pattern displayed by P. acnes on sheep-blood agar was variable and phylogroup-dependent. Their molecular phylogroups were correlated with their hemolytic patterns. Our findings raise the possibility that pore-forming proteins contribute to the pathogenesis and/or symptomology of chronic P. acnes disc infections and CLBP, at least in a subset of cases.
Normalization and extraction of interpretable metrics from raw accelerometry data (2013)

We introduce an explicit set of metrics for human activity based on high-density acceleration recordings from a hip-worn tri-axial accelerometer. These metrics are based on two concepts: (i) Time Active, a measure of the length of time when activity is distinguishable from rest and (ii) AI, a measure of the relative amplitude of activity relative to rest. All measurements are normalized (have the same interpretation across subjects and days), easy to explain and implement, and reproducible across platforms and software implementations. Metrics were validated by visual inspection of results and quantitative in-lab replication studies, and by an association study with health outcomes.