gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Search for anomalous electroweak production of vector boson pairs in association with two jets in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV (2019)

A search for anomalous electroweak production of WW, WZ, and ZZ boson pairs in association with two jets in proton-proton collisions at $√s$= 13 TeV at the LHC is reported. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{−1}$ collected with the CMS detector. Events are selected by requiring two jets with large rapidity separation and invariant mass, one or two leptons (electrons or muons), and a W or Z boson decaying hadronically. Constraints on the structure of quartic vector boson interactions in the framework of dimension-8 effective field theory operators are reported. Stringent limits on parameters of the effective field theory operators are obtained. The observed 95% confidence level limits for the S0, M0, and T0 operators are $−2.7 &lt; f_{S0}/Λ^4 &lt; 2.7, −1.0 &lt; f_{M0}/Λ^4 &lt; 1.0$, and $−0.17 &lt; f_{T0}/Λ1 4 &lt; 0.16$, in units of $TeV^{−4}$. Constraints are also reported on the product of the cross section and branching fraction for vector boson fusion production of charged Higgs bosons as a function of mass from 600 to 2000 GeV. The results are interpreted in the context of the Georgi-Machacek model.
Computer-controlled wavefront corrector (1989)

It is shown that an optically controlled liquid-crystal spatial modulator can be used to form a given wavefront when focusing on a line or a plane. Focusing to form a line, a circle, and a square are demonstrated.
Hybrid Kriging-assisted Level Set Method for Structural Topology Optimization (2019)

This work presents a hybrid optimization approach that couples Efficient Global Optimization (EGO) and Co-variance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (CMA-ES) in the Topology Optimization (TO) of mechanical structures. Both of these methods are regarded as good optimization strategies for continuous global optimization of expensive and multimodal problems, e.g. associated with vehicle crashworthiness. CMA-ES is flexible and robust to changing circumstances. Moreover, by taking advantage of a low-dimensional parametrization introduced by the Evolutionary Level Set Method (EA-LSM) for structural Topology Optimization, such Evolution Strategy allows for dealing with costly problems even more efficiently. However, it is characterized by high computational costs, which can be mitigated by using the EGO algorithm at the early stages of the optimization process. By means of surrogate models, EGO allows for the construction of cheap-to-evaluate approximations of the objective functions, leading to an initial fast convergence towards the optimum in opposition to a poor exploitive behavior. The approach presented here - the Hybrid Kriging-assisted Level Set Method (HKG-LSM) - first uses the Kriging-based method for Level Set Topology Optimization (KG-LSM) to converge fast at the beginning of the optimization process and explore the design space to find promising regions. Afterwards, the algorithm switches to the EA-LSM using CMA-ES, whose parameters are initialized based on the previous model. A static benchmark test case is used to assess the proposed methodology in terms of convergence speed. The obtained results show that the HKG-LSM represents a valuable option for speeding up the optimization process in real-world applications with limited computational resources. As such, the proposed methodology exhibits a much more general potential, e.g. when dealing with high-fidelity crash simulations.
DYNAMIC EVALUATION OF MISSOURI'S MODIFIED BRIDGE ANCHOR SECTION (1994)

One full-scale vehicle crash test was performed on Missouri's Modified Bridge Anchor Section. Test MBAS-1 was conducted with a 1985 Mercury Grand Marquis weighing 4,501 lb (2042 kg) (test inertial) at an impact speed of 59.0 mph (95.0 km/h) and impact angle of 26.7 degrees. The impact location was 8 ft (2.44 m) upstream from the end of the concrete barrier curb section. The test was conducted and reported in accordance with the requirements specified in the Recommended Procedures for the Safety Performance Evaluation of Highway Appurtenances, National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report No. 230. The safety performance of Missouri's Modified Bridge Anchor Section was determined to be unacceptable according to the NCHRP 230 criteria.
Supplementary document for On-chip TIRF nanoscopy by applying Haar wavelet kernel analysis on intensity fluctuations induced by chip illumination - 4880635.pdf (2020)

Supplementary Information
A boron-based electrolyte additive for calcium electrodeposition (2021)

In recent years, several organic electrolytes have been reported allowing calcium metal electrodeposition. In all cases, some degree of passivation on the surface of the calcium electrode was reported. Following a recent report on borate-based passivation layer playing a crucial role for Ca plating in electrolyte solutions containing Ca(BF4)2, here we report the use of a boron-containing additive. The presence of this additive allows Ca plating and stripping using a Ca(TFSI)2 containing electrolyte, which otherwise lead to the formation of a fully Ca2+ blocking passivation layer.
Isolated popliteus tendon injury does not lead to abnormal laxity in posterior‐stabilised total knee arthroplasty (2014)

These findings support the view that certain current designs of PS knee replacement can constrain the knee in flexion in the absence of postero-lateral deficiency. For this implant, isolated sectioning of the popliteus tendon did not substantially generate abnormal knee laxity.
Service contracts and aggregate utility functions (2006)

Utility functions are used by clients of a service to communicate the value of a piece of work and other QoS aspects such as its timely completion. However, utility functions on individual work items do not capture how important it is to complete all or part of a batch of items; for this purpose, a higher-level construct is required. We propose a multi-job aggregate-utility function, and show how a service provider that executes jobs on rented resources can use it to drive admission control and job scheduling decisions. Using a profit-seeking approach to its policies, we find that the service provider can cope gracefully with client overload and varying resource availability. The result is significantly greater value delivered to clients, and higher profit (net value) generated for the service provider
Near-Field Localization in Plasmonic Superfocusing: A Nanoemitter on a Tip (2010)

Focusing light to subwavelength dimensions has been a long-standing desire in optics but has remained challenging, even with new strategies based on near-field effects, polaritons, and metamaterials. The adiabatic propagation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) on a conical taper as proposed theoretically has recently emerged as particularly promising to obtain a nanoconfined light source at the tip. Employing grating-coupling of SPPs onto gold tips, we demonstrate plasmonic nanofocusing into a localized excitation of approximately 20 nm in size and investigate its near- and far-field behavior. For cone angles of approximately 10-20 degrees , the breakdown of the adiabatic propagation conditions is found to be localized at or near the apex region with approximately 10 nm radius. Despite an asymmetric side-on SPP excitation, the apex far-field emission with axial polarization characteristics representing a radially symmetric SPP mode in the nanofocus confirms that the conical tip acts as an effective mode filter with only the fundamental radially symmetric TM mode (m = 0) propagating to the apex. We demonstrate the use of these tips as a source for nearly background-free scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM).
Canonical domains for cellular networks: Analysis of the one-dimensional case (2016)

From its origins, cellular networks have been in constant evolution. Nowadays, real-world deployments admit very irregular network topologies in order to satisfy nonuniformly distributed service demands, i.e., there are small cells in areas where users are concentrated. This makes the planning, analysis, and optimization of such irregular topologies difficult. Methods based on stochastic geometry have been proposed and successfully used to capture some characters of this heterogeneity; and recently, the analysis based on canonical domains and spatial transformations has also been proposed as a complementary tool to aid in network planning and optimization tasks. The key idea is to simplify the analysis by using a dual/canonical domain that is perfectly symmetric and homogeneous. Unfortunately, yet expected, these synthetic models have fallen into disuse as they cannot capture the heterogeneity of the increasingly complex real-world deployments. However, the introduction of the aforementioned framework creates an opportunity to revisit these reference models and to study them from several new points of view. In addition, the one-dimensional network model fits with several relevant study items, such as Intelligent Transportation Systems and road-side deployments. The contribution of this paper is to present the analysis of the one-dimensional canonical domain (and several applications of it) as an initial effort to pave the way towards further generalizations, such as the challenging two-dimensional case.
Association of Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor Genes with Hodgkin's Lymphoma in a Familial Study (2007)

This work defines a template for family-based association studies based on full genotypic information for the KIR cluster, and provides the first evidence that activating KIRs can have a protective role in HL.
Simple design guidelines for short MRI systems (2005)

High-performance minimum-length MRI systems are desirable for modern imaging applications. For this reason, a gradient coil design study was conducted to investigate the trade-offs among coil diameter, coil length, and imaging region size. We discovered a scaling law interrelating the gradient coil parameters of interest: the shortest length L of high-performance gradient coils is a simple linear function of coil diameter D and uniformity region diameter DSV (i.e., L = αD + βDSV, where α lies in the range of 0.5–0.9 and β lies in the range of 1.0–1.9). Hence, based on this simple formula incorporated with the shortest length formula for minimum-cost homogeneous magnets, we can rapidly estimate and adjust magnet and gradient dimensions to achieve an optimized, matched system design for any specified imaging application. Various examples were then provided to illustrate the application of these simple design guidelines, including a 38-cm-long unshielded head coil with a gradient efficiency value of 0.66 mT/m/A and a 75-cm-long shielded pediatric coil with a gradient efficiency value of 0.39 mT/m/A. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part B (Magn Reson Engineering) 25B: 53–59, 2005
Electron Transport through Conjugated Molecules: When the π System Only Tells Part of the Story (2008)

In molecular transport junctions, current is monitored as a function of the applied voltage for a single molecule assembled between two leads. The transport is modulated by the electronic states of the molecule. For the prototypical delocalized systems, namely, pi-conjugated aromatics, the pi system usually dominates the transport. Herein, we investigate situations where model calculations including only the pi system do not capture all of the subtleties of the transport properties. Including both the sigma and pi contributions to charge transport allows us to demonstrate that while there is generally good agreement, there are discrepancies between the methods. We find that model calculations with only the pi system are insufficient where the transport is dominated by quantum interference and cases where geometric changes modulate the coupling between different regions of the pi system. We examine two specific molecular test cases to model these geometric changes: the angle dependence of coupling in (firstly) a biphenyl and (secondly) a nitro substituent of a cross-conjugated unit.
DCPIB is a novel selective blocker of ICl,swell and prevents swelling‐induced shortening of guinea‐pig atrial action potential duration (2001)

1. We identified the ethacrynic-acid derivative DCPIB as a potent inhibitor of I(Cl,swell), which blocks native I(Cl,swell) of calf bovine pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells with an IC(50) of 4.1 microM. Similarly, 10 microM DCPIB almost completely inhibited the swelling-induced chloride conductance in Xenopus oocytes and in guinea-pig atrial cardiomyocytes. Block of I(Cl,swell) by DCPIB was fully reversible and voltage independent. 2. DCPIB (10 microM) showed selectivity for I(Cl,swell) and had no significant inhibitory effects on I(Cl,Ca) in CPAE cells, on chloride currents elicited by several members of the CLC-chloride channel family or on the human cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (hCFTR) after heterologous expression in Xenopus oocytes. DCPIB (10 microM) also showed no significant inhibition of several native anion and cation currents of guinea pig heart like I(Cl,PKA), I(Kr), I(Ks), I(K1), I(Na) and I(Ca). 3. In all atrial cardiomyocytes (n=7), osmotic swelling produced an increase in chloride current and a strong shortening of the action potential duration (APD). Both swelling-induced chloride conductance and AP shortening were inhibited by treatment of swollen cells with DCPIB (10 microM). In agreement with the selectivity for I(Cl,swell), DCPIB did not affect atrial APD under isoosmotic conditions. 4. Preincubation of atrial cardiomyocytes with DCPIB (10 microM) completely prevented both the swelling-induced chloride currents and the AP shortening but not the hypotonic cell swelling. 5. We conclude that swelling-induced AP shortening in isolated atrial cells is mainly caused by activation of I(Cl,swell). DCPIB therefore is a valuable pharmacological tool to study the role of I(Cl,swell) in cardiac excitability under pathophysiological conditions leading to cell swelling.
The impact of modified rate of precipitation conversion parameter in the convective parameterization scheme of operational weather forecast model (GFS T1534) over Indian summer monsoon region (2020)

Earth and Space Science Open Archive This work was has been accepted for publication in Earth and Space Science. Version of RecordESSOAr is a venue for early communication or feedback before peer review. Data may be preliminary. Learn more about preprints. preprintOpen AccessYou are viewing the latest version by default [v1]The impact of modified rate of precipitation conversion parameter in the convective parameterization scheme of operational weather forecast model (GFS T1534) over Indian summer monsoon regionAuthors Malay Ganai iD SNEHLATA TIRKEY R. P. M. Krishna iD P. Mukhopadhyay iDSee all authors Malay GanaiiDINDIAN INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL METEOROLOGYiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0593-3419view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressSNEHLATA TIRKEYIndian Institute of Tropical Meteorologyview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressR. P. M. KrishnaiDIndian Institute of Tropical MeteorologyiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9927-9926view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressP. MukhopadhyayiDCorresponding AuthorIndian Institute of Tropical MeteorologyiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8770-9167view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email address
Non-destructive complex permittivity measurements of absorbing materials (2002)

A flanged circular waveguide propagating dominant TE/sub 11/ mode is used to test absorbing properties of a plate-shaped dielectric sample placed at the opened waveguide end. In this method, which is a non-destructive local one, the material complex permittivity epsilon '- epsilon " is evaluated from vectorial reflection coefficient measurement. Associated to a test set up, compatible software which numerically computes vectorial reflection coefficients Gamma and automatically constructs epsilon ' and epsilon " charts as a function of Gamma has been developed. The influence of different measurement parameters on chart characteristics has been shown to yield the permittivity in optimal conditions and to make this method fast, easy to use, and as accurate as possible. Many absorbing materials have been tested using this non-destructive technique. The results are in good agreement with those obtained using the well-known loaded rectangular waveguide method.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Demographic Market Segmentation on Short Banking Movement Descriptions Applying Natural Language Processing (2021)

Banking movement descriptions can be a valuable type of short texts for knowledge extraction with application in finance and social studies. Conventional research on text mining has mostly been applied to medium-sized documents. Knowledge extraction from banking movement descriptions is challenging due to the lack of meaningful textual data and their ad-hoc terminology. In this work we present a clustering analysis on short banking movement descriptions based on Natural Language Processing techniques. We exploit the knowledge in an experimental data set composed of almost 20,000 real banking transactions that have been anonymised as required by European data protection regulations. At the end, we were able to extract five distinctive user clusters with similar demographics. Our approach has potential applications in Personal Finance Management.
Relapsed and/or Refractory Mantle cell Lymphoma: What Role for Temsirolimus? (2012)

Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) is associated with a dismal prognosis. Recently, along with the improved understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease, new first line regimens have been established and in addition novel treatment options have entered the clinical arena. In consequence, prognosis of the disease has fortunately improved. We here focus on the rationale, current clinical knowledge and future concepts of Temsirolimus, an inhibitor of mTOR, in the treatment of MCL. At this time this drug has been shown to be effective as single agent for relapsed disease and early combination data show promising results. In addition, with a brief outline of other treatment options, we aim to guide at which place in the current treatment algorithms Temsirolimus can be integrated into the treatment of MCL patients.
Self-consistent radiation-based simulation of electric arcs: II. Application to gas circuit breakers (2008)

An accurate and robust method for radiative heat transfer simulation for arc applications was presented in the previous paper (part I). In this paper a self-consistent mathematical model based on computational fluid dynamics and a rigorous radiative heat transfer model is described. The model is applied to simulate switching arcs in high voltage gas circuit breakers. The accuracy of the model is proven by comparison with experimental data for all arc modes. The ablation-controlled arc model is used to simulate high current PTFE arcs burning in cylindrical tubes. Model accuracy for the lower current arcs is evaluated using experimental data on the axially blown SF6 arc in steady state and arc resistance measurements close to current zero. The complete switching process with the arc going through all three phases is also simulated and compared with the experimental data from an industrial circuit breaker switching test.
Photoelectrochemical Characterization of CuInSe2 and Cu(In1−xGax)Se2 Thin Films for Solar Cells (2010)

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) studies of CuInSe2 (CIS) and Cu(In1−xGax)Se2 (CIGS) thin films prepared by electrodeposition and spray coating of nanocrystals were carried out. PEC reductions of methyl viologen (MV) in aqueous solution and ethyl viologen (EV) in acetonitrile were used to evaluate the thin-film performance by measuring the photocurrent. Deposition of a CdS layer on CIS and CIGS films strongly enhanced the photocurrent; for example, a nanocrystal-CIS film showed about 100 times higher photocurrent with a thin CdS layer. Capacitance measurements and Mott−Schottky plots were obtained to find the flat band potential. Incident photon to current conversion efficiencies (IPCE) and absorbed photon to current conversion efficiencies (APCE) obtained from PEC measurements were about 20% and 40−70%, respectively.
Selective enrichment of a methanol-utilizing consortium using pulp & paper mill waste streams (2007)

Efficient utilization of carbon inputs is critical to the economic viability of the current forest products sector. Input carbon losses occur in various locations within a pulp mill, including losses as volatile organics and wastewater . Opportunities exist to capture this carbon in the form of value-added products such as biodegradable polymers. Waste activated sludge from a pulp mill wastewater facility was enriched for 80 days for a methanol-utilizing consortium with the goal of using this consortium to produce biopolymers from methanol-rich pulp mill waste streams. Five enrichment conditions were utilized: three high-methanol streams from the kraft mill foul condensate system, one methanol-amended stream from the mill wastewater plant, and one methanol-only enrichment. Enrichment reactors were operated aerobically in sequencing batch mode at neutral pH and 25°C with a hydraulic residence time and a solids retention time of four days. Non-enriched waste activated sludge did not consume methanol or reduce chemical oxygen demand. With enrichment, however, the chemical oxygen demand reduction over 24 hour feed/decant cycles ranged from 79 to 89 %, and methanol concentrations dropped below method detection limits. Neither the non-enriched waste activated sludge nor any of the enrichment cultures accumulated polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) under conditions of nitrogen sufficiency. Similarly, the non-enriched waste activated sludge did not accumulate PHAs under nitrogen limited conditions. By contrast, enriched cultures accumulated PHAs to nearly 14% on a dry weight basis under nitrogen limited conditions. This indicates that selectively-enriched pulp mill waste activated sludge can serve as an inoculum for PHA production from methanol-rich pulp mill effluents.
Information Hiding Codes and Their Applications to Images and Audio (2002)

We investigate the problem of information hiding for multimedia objects (images, audio, and video). First, we provide an information-theoretic framework where information hiding is modeled as a communication problem with side information at the encoder, and at the same time as a game-theoretic problem between the attacker and the information hider. We derive the maximum rate of information that can reliably be transmitted for parallel Gaussian sources under the squared error distortion metric. We also find optimal covert and attack channel distributions. Then, we apply these results to image sources under various parallel Gaussian models and quantify the corresponding capacities.
Melting Point Depression of Ionic Liquids with CO2:  Phase Equilibria (2007)

Development of ionic liquids for specific tasks is currently being pursued by many researchers as numerous cation/anion combinations are theoretically possible. However, only a small fraction of these combinations melt below 100 °C. Recently, large melting point depressions of several ionic solids with compressed carbon dioxide have been reported. This investigation details the melting point depression of a large number of ionic organic compounds (ionic liquids) with gaseous, liquid, and supercritical CO2. Large and previously unreported depressions were observed for some of the ionic solids. This methodology greatly expands the numbers of compounds and functional groups that can be employed in an ionic liquid/compressed gas system for various applications. Thermodynamic analysis indicates that even small amounts of CO2 can lead to substantial melting point depression, due to its very low melting temperature and negative deviations to Raoult's law.