gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of 1,2,4-Oxadiazoles as Potent and Selective Inhibitors of the Human Deacetylase Sirtuin 2: Structure–Activity Relationship, X-ray Crystal Structure, and Anticancer Activity (2017)

Sirt2 is a target for the treatment of neurological, metabolic, and age-related diseases including cancer. Here we report a series of Sirt2 inhibitors based on the 1,2,4-oxadiazole scaffold. These compounds are potent Sirt2 inhibitors active at single-digit μM level by using the Sirt2 substrate α-tubulin-acetylLys40 peptide and inactive up to 100 μM against Sirt1, -3, and -5 (deacetylase and desuccinylase activities). Their mechanism of inhibition is uncompetitive toward both the peptide substrate and NAD<sup>+</sup>, and the crystal structure of a 1,2,4-oxadiazole analog in complex with Sirt2 and ADP-ribose reveals its orientation in a still unexplored subcavity useful for further inhibitor development. Tested in leukemia cell lines, 35 and 39 induced apoptosis and/or showed antiproliferative effects at 10 or 25 μM after 48 h. Western blot analyses confirmed the involvement of Sirt2 inhibition for their effects in NB4 and in U937 cells. Our results provide novel Sirt2 inhibitors with a compact scaffold and structural insights for further inhibitor improvement.
Power distribution synthesis for analog and mixed-signal ASICs in RAIL (2002)

The authors present new power distribution synthesis techniques that can handle realistic analog and mixed-signal performance concerns. The key ideas are to employ asymptotic waveform evaluation techniques to reduce complex macro, substrate, and package electrical models to accurate, low-order analytical expressions that can be quickly evaluated by a simulated annealing optimizer that selects and sizes the power bus topology while accommodating DC, AC, and transient constraints. RAIL, a new tool for power distribution, is used for this purpose. Experimental results demonstrate the importance of optimizing both topology selection and sizing, and the critical need to include transient as well as DC constraints during synthesis.
A Comparison of Biventricular and Conventional Transvenous Defibrillation: (2004)

Conventional transvenous defibrillation is performed with an ICD using a dual current pathway. The defibrillation energy is delivered from the RV electrode to the superior vena cava (SVC) electrode and the metallic case (CAN) of the ICD. Biventricular defibrillation uses an additional electrode placed in the LV free wall with sequential shocks to create an additional current vector. Clinical studies of biventricular defibrillation have reported a 45% reduction in mean defibrillation threshold (DFT) energy. The aim of the study was to use computational methods to examine the biventricular defibrillation fields together with their corresponding DFTs in a variety of patient derived models and to compare them to simulations of conventional defibrillation. A library of thoracic models derived from nine patients was used to solve for electric field distributions. The defibrillation waveform consisted of a LV --> SVC + CAN monophasic shock followed by a biphasic shock delivered via the RV --> SVC + CAN electrodes. When the initial voltage of the two shocks is the same, the simulations show that the biventricular configuration reduces the mean DFT by 46% (3.5 +/- 1.3 vs 5.5 +/- 2.7 J, P = 0.005). When the leading edge of the biphasic shock is equal to the trailing edge of the monophasic shock, there is no statistically significant difference in the mean DFT (4.9 +/- 1.9 vs 5.5 +/- 2.7 J, P > 0.05) with the DFT decreasing in some patients and increasing in others. These results suggest that patient-specific computational models may be able to identify those patients who would most benefit from a biventricular configuration.
Data mining for improving textbooks (2012)

We present our early explorations into developing a data mining based approach for enhancing the quality of textbooks. We describe a diagnostic tool to algorithmically identify deficient sections in textbooks. We also discuss techniques for algorithmically augmenting textbook sections with links to selective content mined from the Web. Our evaluation, employing widely-used textbooks from India, indicates that developing technological approaches to help improve textbooks holds promise.
The Challenge of Access to the Pontomesencephalic Junction: An Anatomical Study of Lateral Approach and Exposure (2010)

We quantitatively compared relative merits of lateral approaches to the pontomesencephalic junction (PMJ): anterior petrosectomy, subtemporal transtentorial, posterior petrosectomy, and retrosigmoid transtentorial. In dissected cadaveric heads, lengths of exposure were measured anteriorly from CN V along the pontomesencephalic sulcus (PMS); posterosuperiorly along the lateral mesencephalic sulcus (LMS); and posteroinferiorly along the interpeduncular sulcus (IPS). Subtemporal transtentorial approach provided best anterior exposure along the PMS (23.8 AE 4.5 mm). Posterosuperior exposures were comparable for all approaches except anterior petrosectomy (limited). Posteroinferior exposure was most with subtemporal transtentorial approach (13.2 AE 2.8 mm). CN V entry/exit point was identified through all approaches, except for subtemporal transtentorial; shortest surgical depth with posterior petrosectomy was 43.7 AE 5.5 mm. PMS-LMS-IPS convergence point: reached through all approaches, except for anterior petrosectomy (limited); shortest surgical depth with posterior petrosectomy was 40.3 AE 4.3 mm. Anterior petrosectomy provides direct anterolateral views of the pons not afforded by subtemporal approach. Subtemporal transtentorial approach provides optimal posterolateral view to the PMJ and cerebellar peduncles. Retrosigmoid transtentorial approach offers wide exposure of the lateral surface, limited on the posteroinferior PMJ by the cerebellum. The small opening of posterior petrosectomy creates an awkward corridor to anterior PMJ targets but provides a direct and shortest route to the cerebellar peduncles.
Using a Drone Sounder to Measure Channels for Cell-Free Massive MIMO Systems (2022)

Measurements of the propagation channels in real-world environments form the basis of all realistic system performance evaluations, as foundation of statistical channel models or to verify ray tracing. This is also true for the analysis of cell-free massive multi-input multi-output (CF-mMIMO) systems. However, such experimental data are difficult to obtain, due to the complexity and expense of deploying tens or hundreds of channel sounder nodes across the wide area a CF-mMIMO system is expected to cover, especially when different configurations and number of antennas are to be explored. In this paper, we provide a novel method to obtain channel data for CF-mMIMO systems using a channel sounder based on a drone, also known as a small unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Such a method is efficient, flexible, simple, and low-cost, capturing channel data from thousands of different access point (AP) locations within minutes. In addition, we provide sample 3.5 GHz measurement results analyzing deployment strategies for APs and make the data open source, so they may be used for various other studies. To our knowledge, our data are the first large-scale, real-world CF-mMIMO channel data.
Diseased Area Recognition and Pesticide Spraying in Farming Lands by Multicopters and Image Processing System (2020)

United Nations indexes that the world's population will increase drastically, it may increase by 20% and it will be around 970 crores by 2050. However this scenario requires 20% more food to serve this much population, but farming land is decreasing due to pollution, industrialization, and globalization. Cultivation these days is more difficult and increasing the labor cost and pesticides. Enough labor is not available, so labor charges are also increasing which reflects in expenditure for cultivation. In regular spraying system pesticides are sprayed in the whole field. This will increase pesticide costs and pollution. In this proposed system image acquiring Multicopter will move in a pre-defined path in the field is given in a Mission planner firmware. UAV while moving along the pre-defined path captures high-quality RGB pictures in the field and those captured images are tagged with a Global Positioning System (GPS). These pictures are processed by the image processing system using MATLAB software at the ground station and actual disease recognition from the database frame is done. Disease recognition is done along with the tag of the specific diseased area in the field. These tags can help the crew to identify the diseased area spot. This diseased area or plant GPS tag information is used for the creation of a path for pesticide spraying Multicopters and will spray the pesticide in a diseased area or a plant in the field. This will lead to the optimal usage of pesticides.
Copper‐Catalyzed, Enantioselective Hydrofunctionalization of Alkenes (2019)

This chapter covers recent advances in copper‐catalyzed, enantioselective hydrofunctionalizations of alkenes, including hydroalkylations, hydroarylations, hydroacylations, hydroaminations, and hydrosilylations. Also included are sequential hydrofunctionalization reactions. General mechanisms of the copper‐catalyzed hydrofunctionalization reactions are discussed briefly, including rationales behind the observed regio‐, chemo‐, and stereoselectivities.
Interactions between natural killer and dendritic cells during bacterial infections (2007)

Natural killer (NK) cells represent a distinct lymphoid population characterized by unique phenotypic and functional features. NK cells were originally identified on a functional basis as this denomination was assigned to lymphoid cells capable of lysing tumor cell lines in the absence of prior stimulation in vivo or in vitro. Both their origin and the mechanism(s) mediating their function remained mysterious until recently. Regarding their origin, it has been shown that NK cells derive from a precursor common to T cells and expressing the CD34+CD7+ phenotype. In addition, functional NK cells can be obtained in vitro and in vivo from (CD34+) haematopoietic precursors isolated from several different sources. The cell maturation in vitro has been shown to require appropriate feeder cells and/or IL-15. The molecular mechanisms underlying the ability of NK cells to discriminate between normal and tumor cells, predicted by the “missing self hypothesis”. have been clarified only during the past decade. It has been shown that NK cells recognize MHC-class I molecules through surface receptors delivering inhibitory, rather than activating, signals. Accordingly, NK cells lyse target cells that have lost (or express low amounts of) MHC class I molecules. This event occurs frequently in tumors or in cells infected by some viruses such as certain herpesviruses or adenoviruses. In addition to providing a first line of defence against viruses, NK cells release various cytokines and chemokines.
Capacity maximization for distributed broadband beamforming (2016)

Most prior research in distributed beamforming involves narrowband, frequency nonselective, channels, with the goal of sending a common message from cooperating nodes so that phases of the signals transmitted from the different nodes align at the receiver. The performance metric is the received SNR (directly related to the Shannon capacity for an AWGN channel). This "coherence metric" is maximized when each transmitter compensates its channel phase to the receiver, while transmitting at maximum allowable power. In this paper, we consider the problem of distributed transmit beam-forming over broadband, frequency selective channels, defining the coherence metric as the Shannon capacity, to be maximized subject to a power constraint at each transmitter. OFDM provides a natural decomposition of such channels into narrowband subchannels, hence the problem reduces to determining how each transmitter allocates its power across subchannels. A key technical result is that the optimal solution obeys a separation property that significantly simplifies computation. We show that it differs from classical water-filling due to the per-transmitter power constraints of the distributed beamforming setting. We compare it both structurally and numerically, to a centralized beamforming system with power constraint across transmitters. This is like waterfilling and upper bounds the performance of our setup.
Listeria monocytogenes virulence factors, including listeriolysin O, are secreted in biologically active extracellular vesicles (2018)

Outer membrane vesicles produced by Gram-negative bacteria have been studied for half a century but the possibility that Gram-positive bacteria secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) was not pursued until recently due to the assumption that the thick peptidoglycan cell wall would prevent their release to the environment. However, following their discovery in fungi, which also have cell walls, EVs have now been described for a variety of Gram-positive bacteria. EVs purified from Gram-positive bacteria are implicated in virulence, toxin release, and transference to host cells, eliciting immune responses, and spread of antibiotic resistance. <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> is a Gram-positive bacterium that causes listeriosis. Here we report that <i>L. monocytogenes</i> produces EVs with diameters ranging from 20 to 200 nm, containing the pore-forming toxin listeriolysin O (LLO) and phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC). Cell-free EV preparations were toxic to mammalian cells, the murine macrophage cell line J774.16, in a LLO-dependent manner, evidencing EV biological activity. The deletion of <i>plcA</i> increased EV toxicity, suggesting PI-PLC reduced LLO activity. Using simultaneous <u>m</u>etabolite, <u>p</u>rotein, and <u>l</u>ipid <u>ex</u>traction (MPLEx) multiomics we characterized protein, lipid, and metabolite composition of bacterial cells and secreted EVs and found that EVs carry the majority of listerial virulence proteins. Using immunogold EM we detected LLO at several organelles within infected human epithelial cells and with high-resolution fluorescence imaging we show that dynamic lipid structures are released from <i>L. monocytogenes</i> during infection. Our findings demonstrate that <i>L. monocytogenes</i> uses EVs for toxin release and implicate these structures in mammalian cytotoxicity.
A new device for simple and accurate urinary pH testing by the Stone-former patient (2014)

This new electronic device has the possibility to be used by stone-formers to control their urinary pH at home, increasing the tools available for stone prevention and prophylaxis.
Supplementary Figure S3 from Safety, Outcomes, and T-Cell Characteristics in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory MDS or CMML Treated with Atezolizumab in Combination with Guadecitabine (2023)

&lt;p&gt;A&amp; B. Frequency (A) and intensity (B) of PD-1+ CD8+ T cells by gender) before (PRE), after second treatment cycle (C2D1 or C2D8; EARLY), and after third or fourth treatment cycle (C4D1, C4D8 or C5D1; LATE). CD8+ T cell expressing CD39 (C) and CD69 (D). F: females, M: males&lt;/p&gt;
Snapback Primer Genotyping of the Gilbert Syndrome UGT1A1 (TA)n Promoter Polymorphism by High-Resolution Melting (2011)

In contrast to small-amplicon genotyping, snapback primer genotyping can distinguish all UGT1A1 promoter genotypes. Rapid-cycle PCR combined with snapback primer analysis with only 2 unlabeled PCR primers (one with a 5' extension) and a saturating DNA dye can genotype loci with several alleles in <30 min.
Investigation of a frequently mutated transcriptional repressor in prostate cancer, in particular its role in modulating androgen signaling and its effects on TMPRSS2-ERG dependent tumor maintenance. (2016)

274 Background: Recent genomic profiling of primary and metastatic prostate cancers revealed up to 27% of tumors contain putative loss-of-function point mutations or copy number deletions within the gene ERF, an ETS transcriptional repressor with a remarkably similar DNA-binding domain to the TMPRSS2-ERG gene product. Methods: Bioinformatic analysis of 450 patient tumors was obtained from the TCGA and SU2C datasets. Transcriptomic and cistromic analysis was achieved by RNA-seq and ChIP-seq on VCaP cells, as well as patient-derived organoid cultures of both normal and neoplastic prostates. Gene expression was inhibited by CRISPR or shRNA technology. Results: ERF copy number deletions are associated with Gleason 8+ primary disease (p = 0.0369), and ERF mRNA level inversely correlates with androgen-driven transcription (p &lt; 0.0001) in the absence of androgen receptor amplification. Transient inhibition of ERG expression in TMPRSS2-ERG+ cancer models leads to a contraction of the androgen transcriptome. On the other hand, inhibition of ERF leads to an expansion of the androgen transcriptome, and moreover, supersedes the opposing effects of ERG. ERF and the TMPRSS2-ERG gene product have overlapping ETS cistromes that are associated with androgen-receptor binding sites; inhibition of one leads to occupancy at the vacated sites by the other. CRISPR-mediated inhibition of ERG in TMPRSS2-ERG+ models leads to a complete halt of growth, but concomitant loss of ERF partially restores cellular proliferation. Conclusions: ERF is a tumor suppressor with genomic loss-of-function mutations in up to 27% of prostate cancers, thereby expanding the concept of an ETS positive subtype. ERF occupies ETS sites of androgen-regulated genes and is an endogenous dampener of their transcription. Moreover, even in tumors lacking ERF mutations, upregulated ERG now occupies many of these same ETS sites, unmasking their transcriptional control by androgen. Thus, a key oncogenic activity of TMPRSS2-ERG is to antagonize endogenous ERF.
An Alternating Service Model with Self-Similar Input to Provide Guaranteed QoS in Wireless Internet (2006)

Over the past few years, we have witnessed a growing popularity of new wireless architectures such as 3G, Wi-Fi and Wi-Max due to the increase in demand for wireless Internet access. The all-IP based future mobile and wireless network model is expected to be the most dominant architecture for QoS provisioning in next-generation wireless networks, mainly due to its scalability and capability of inter-working heterogeneous wireless access networks. Recently, the rapid growth of various wireless infrastructures and the interesting mixture of wireless traffic generated by large number of devices (PDAs, Laptops and cell-phones) have diverted the attention of wireless research community towards understanding the nature of traffic carried by different wireless architectures. A series of recent studies on GPRS aggregated traffic, WAP and Web traffic has proven that wireless traffic exhibits strong long-range dependency. However, much of the current understanding of wireless traffic modeling builds on classical Poisson distributed traffic, which can yield misleading results and hence poor wireless network planning. In this paper, we contribute to the accurate modeling of wireless IP traffic by considering two different types of traffic that exhibit long-range dependency and self-similarity. We consider a model of two queues based on G/M/l queueing system and analyze it on the basis of 1-limited polling service and find exact bounds on packet delay.
Recent progress on LASOR optical router and related integrated technologies (2008)

In this talk we review the latest progress on the DOD-N LASOR optical router project. Architectural studies including design and buffering will be discussed as well as prototype node performance. Recent results in integration in InP and Si/InP platforms will be described.
Isolation and Characterization of New Epothilone Analogues from Recombinant Myxococcus xanthus Fermentations (2003)

Nine new epothilone analogues (6-8, 10, 11a, 11b, 12, 13, and 15) were isolated from fermentations of Myxococcus xanthus strains engineered with modified polyketide synthase genes. The epothilone structures were elucidated primarily through interpretation of 1D and 2D NMR data. 4-Desmethyl-10,11-didehydroepothilone D (6) displayed activity against several tumor cell lines, including a multi-drug-resistant cell line.
Energetics of LiFePO4 and Polymorphs of Its Delithiated Form, FePO4 (2006)

High-temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry was performed on the battery material and the orthorhombic and trigonal polymorphs of its delithiated form, . The enthalpies of formation from oxides and from elements at were determined. The phase transition of from orthorhombic symmetry to trigonal symmetry was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry. The enthalpies of formation from oxides at for , , and are , , and , respectively. The enthalpy of transition from to is . Thus the orthorhombic form of is energetically more stable than the trigonal phase and is therefore stable at low temperatures. The equilibrium temperature of the transition is probably sufficiently above room temperature, so that under the operating conditions of a battery, it is themodynamically impossible that will decompose to . The transition on cooling is kinetically hindered.
Anatomical Region-Specific In Vivo Wireless Communication Channel Characterization (2016)

In vivo wireless body area networks and their associated technologies are shaping the future of healthcare by providing continuous health monitoring and noninvasive surgical capabilities, in addition to remote diagnostic and treatment of diseases. To fully exploit the potential of such devices, it is necessary to characterize the communication channel, which will help to build reliable and high-performance communication systems. This paper presents an in vivo wireless communication channel characterization for male torso both numerically and experimentally (on a human cadaver) considering various organs at 915 MHz and 2.4 GHz. A statistical path loss (PL) model is introduced, and the anatomical region-specific parameters are provided. It is found that the mean PL in decibel scale exhibits a linear decaying characteristic rather than an exponential decaying profile inside the body, and the power decay rate is approximately twice at 2.4 GHz as compared to 915 MHz. Moreover, the variance of shadowing increases significantly as the in vivo antenna is placed deeper inside the body since the main scatterers are present in the vicinity of the antenna. Multipath propagation characteristics are also investigated to facilitate proper waveform designs in the future wireless healthcare systems, and a root-mean-square delay spread of 2.76 ns is observed at 5 cm depth. Results show that the in vivo channel exhibit different characteristics than the classical communication channels, and location dependence is very critical for accurate, reliable, and energy-efficient link budget calculations.
Inclusive jet cross section inp¯pcollisions at √s=1.8 TeV (1992)

We present a measurement of the inclusive jet cross section in p\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{}p collisions at \ensuremath{\surd}s =1.8 TeV at the Fermilab Tevatron using the Collider Detector at Fermilab. Good agreement is seen with the predictions of recent next-to-leading-order [O(${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{\mathit{s}}^{3}$)] QCD predictions. The dependence of the cross section on clustering cone size is reported for the first time. An improved limit on ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}}_{\mathit{c}}$, a term characterizing possible quark substructure, is set at 1.4 TeV (95% C.L.).