gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Continuous Fault Countermeasure for AES Providing a Constant Error Detection Rate. (2009)

Many implementations of cryptographic algorithms have shown to be susceptible to fault attacks. For some of them, countermeasures against specific fault models have been proposed. However, for symmetric algorithms like AES, the main focus of available countermeasures lies on performance so that their achieved error detection rates are rather low or not determinable at all. Even worse, those error detection rates only apply to specific parts of the cipher. In this paper we present a way to achieve a constantly higher error detection rate throughout the whole algorithm while assuming a much stronger adversary model than in previous papers. Furthermore, we propose solutions for two very important, unsolved questions: First, how to do secure and efficient table lookups in redundant algebras. Second, how to implement secure correctness checks to verify the result in a scenario where the adversary can manipulate comparisons. Our paper is therefore the first one to construct a sound and continuous AES fault countermeasure with an attacker-independent minimum error detection rate.
Molecular ordering in bis(phenylenyl)bithiophenes (2007)

The crystal structure of phenylene–bithiophene oligomers (PTTP) has been investigated by powder X-ray diffraction measurements and ab initio Monte Carlo modelling. Two new hydroxyl-terminated PTTP powders, 5,5′-bis-4-(6-hydroxyhexyloxy)-phenyl-2,2′-bithiophene and the shorter alkyl chain substituted oligomer 5,5′-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,2′-bithiophene, are compared to single crystals of 5,5′-bis(4-ethylphenyl)-2,2′-bithiophene. The new molecules are characterized by a close packed, distorted hexagonal array with tilted short axes in a herringbone-type structure. Neighbouring molecules within layers are displaced along the long axis. Modelling the electrostatic potential surface suggests that electrostatic interactions are responsible for the observed herringbone-like ordering. Alkyl chains facilitate a partial mixing through interdigitation of aromatic and aliphatic moieties.
Interleukin-6 autoantibodies are involved in the pathogenesis of a subset of type 2 diabetes (2009)

Interleukin-6 (IL6) is critically involved in inflammation and metabolism. About 1% of people produce IL6 autoantibodies (aAb-IL6) that impair IL6 signaling in vivo. We tested the hypothesis that the prevalence of such aAb-IL6 is increased in type 2 diabetic patients and that aAb-IL6 plays a direct role in causing hyperglycemia. In humans, the prevalence of circulating high-affinity neutralizing aAb-IL6 was 2.5% in the type 2 diabetic patients and 1% in the controls (odds ratio 2.5, 95% confidence interval 1.2-4.9, P=0.01). To test for the role of aAb-IL6 in causing hyperglycemia, such aAb-IL6 were induced in mice by a validated vaccination procedure. Mice with plasma levels of aAb-IL6 similar to the 2.5% type 2 diabetic patients developed obesity and impaired glucose tolerance (area under the curve (AUC) glucose, 2056+/-62 vs 1793+/-62, P=0.05) as compared with sham-vaccinated mice, when challenged with a high-fat diet. Mice with very high plasma levels of aAb-IL6 developed elevated fasting plasma glucose (mM, 4.8+/-0.4 vs 3.3+/-0.1, P<0.001) and impaired glucose tolerance (AUC glucose, 1340+/-38 vs 916+/-25, P<0.001) as compared with sham-control mice on normal chow. In conclusion, the prevalence of plasma aAb-IL6 at levels known to impair IL6 signaling in vivo is increased 2.5-fold in people with type 2 diabetes. In mice, matching levels of aAb-IL6 cause obesity and hyperglycemia. These data suggest that a small subset of type 2 diabetes may in part evolve from an autoimmune attack against IL6.
Efficacy and Safety of Upadacitinib in a Randomized Trial of Patients With Crohn’s Disease (2020)

In a phase 2 trial of patients with CD, upadacitinib induced endoscopic remission in a significant proportion of patients compared with placebo. Upadacitinib's benefit/risk profile supports further development for treatment of CD. (Clinicaltrials.gov, Number: NCT02365649).
Anti‐Oxidizing Radical Polymer‐Incorporated Perovskite Layers and their Photovoltaic Characteristics in Solar Cells (2019)

A small amount of a radical-bearing redox-active polymer, poly(1-oxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl methacrylate) (PTMA), incorporated into the photovoltaic organo-lead halide perovskite layer significantly enhanced durability of both the perovskite layer and its solar cell and even exposure to ambient air or oxygen. PTMA acted as an eliminating agent of the superoxide anion radical formed upon light irradiation on the layer, which can react with the perovskite compound and decompose it to lead halide. A cell fabricated with a PTMA-incorporated perovskite layer and a hole-transporting polytriarylamine layer gave a photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 18.8 % (18.2 % for the control without PTMA). The photovoltaic current was not reduced in the presence of PTMA in the perovskite layer probably owing to a carrier conductivity of PTMA. The incorporated PTMA also worked as a water-repelling coating for providing humidity-resistance to the organo-lead halide perovskite layer.
Efficiency of deep neural networks for joint angle modeling in digital gait assessment (2021)

Abstract Reliability and user compliance of the applied sensor system are two key issues of digital healthcare and biomedical informatics. For gait assessment applications, accurate joint angle measurements are important. Inertial measurement units (IMUs) have been used in a variety of applications and can also provide significant information on gait kinematics. However, the nonlinear mechanism of human locomotion results in moderate estimation accuracy of the gait kinematics and thus joint angles. To develop “digital twins” as a digital counterpart of body lower limb joint angles, three-dimensional gait kinematic data were collected. This work investigates the estimation accuracy of different neural networks in modeling lower body joint angles in the sagittal plane using the kinematic records of a single IMU attached to the foot. The evaluation results based on the root mean square error (RMSE) show that long short-term memory (LSTM) networks deliver superior performance in nonlinear modeling of the lower limb joint angles compared to other machine learning (ML) approaches. Accordingly, deep learning based on the LSTM architecture is a promising approach in modeling of gait kinematics using a single IMU, and thus can reduce the required physical IMUs attached on the subject and improve the practical application of the sensor system.
CIELab and sRGB color values of in vivo normal and grasped porcine liver. (2007)

Surgical simulators are excellent training tools for minimally invasive procedures but are currently lacking in realistic tissue rendering and tissue responses to manipulation. Accurate color representation of tissues may add realism to simulators and provide medically relevant information. The goal of this study was to determine feasible methods for measuring color of in vivo tissue, specifically liver, in a standardized color space. Several compressions were applied to in vivo porcine liver. Three methods were then used to determine the CIELab and/or sRGB colors of normal and damaged liver. Results suggest that there are significant differences between normal and damaged liver color.
Cloning, expression, purification, crystallization and initial crystallographic analysis of transcription factor DksA fromEscherichia coli (2004)

The Escherichia coli gene encoding a regulator of stringent response and virulence, DksA, which contains a canonical Zn finger motif, was cloned and expressed, and the purified protein was crystallized by the hanging-drop vapor-diffusion technique in two different space groups, P2(1)2(1)2(1) (a = 91.32, b = 96.59, c = 117.48 A) and C222 (a = 80.6, b = 115.1, c = 149.57 A). The crystals belonging to space group P2(1)2(1)2(1), improved by macroseeding, diffract beyond 2.0 A at a synchrotron. Three complete atomic resolution multiple anomalous dispersion diffraction data sets were collected from the same crystal of the P2(1)2(1)2(1) crystal form at the absorption edge for Zn atoms.
Pipelines for New Chemicals : a strategy to create new value chains and stimulate innovation‐based economic revival in S outhern E uropean countries (2014)

Countries of Southern Europe are currently suffering from severe socio-economic pain resulting from high debt levels and austerity measures which constrain investment in innovation-based recovery strategies that are essential for entry into a long-term sustainable period of increasing employment and wealth creation. Young university-educated people are particularly innovative, and hence vital to the development of such strategies, but employment opportunities are poor and many are forced to seek employment that neither profits from their training nor satisfies their justified career expectations, or to emigrate. They are the 'lost generation'. A strategy is proposed here for the creation of Pipelines for New Chemicals, national centre-network partnerships for the discovery-synthesis of new chemicals obtained though harvesting new biological diversity, and their exploitation to develop new medicines, agrochemicals, materials, and other products and applications. The goal is to create new regional motors of economic growth and development, by harnessing the knowledge, motivation and innovation potential of the excellently educated young people of Europe to catalyse the development of new small, medium and large enterprises centred around novel chemicals, and the value chains that will evolve with them, and thereby develop a powerful sector of sustainable growth in employment and social and economic prosperity in Southern Europe.
Studying the high-rate deformation of soft materials via laser-induced membrane expansion (2022)

Cavitation is a phenomenon that occurs when the internal pressure of a material exceeds the resistance to deformation provided by the surrounding medium. Several measurements, such as the blister test, bubble inflation, and cavitation rheology, take advantage of this phenomenon to measure the local mechanical properties of soft materials at relatively low deformation rates. Here, we introduce a new measurement called laser-induced membrane expansion (LIME) that measures the shear modulus of a thin membrane at high strain rates (≈10<sup>6</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> to 10<sup>8</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>) by using laser ablation to rapidly expand a thin (tens of microns) elastomeric membrane. To demonstrate the capabilities of this measurement, we use LIME to study the mechanical properties of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) membranes at several thicknesses (from 10 μm to 60 μm) and crosslink densities. We find that the shear modulus of the PDMS measured by LIME was weakly dependent on the crosslink density, but was strongly strain rate dependent with values ranging from 10<sup>6</sup> Pa to 10<sup>8</sup> Pa. This measurement platform presents a new approach to studying the mechanical properties of soft but thin materials over a range of deformation rates.
Harris-Galante porous hip system (1986)

Longstanding interest in bony ingrowth in a porous material coupled with experimental trials in both animals and humans has led to the development of a new cementless total hip system utilizing titanium fiber mesh. Sintered Ti6Al4V cementless acetabular and femoral components were developed and have been successfully implanted. This report, prepared after personal insertion of 74 of these arthroplasties, documents the indications for its use as well as surgical technique
ChemInform Abstract: Organofunctional Polysiloxanes ‐ Variable Carriers for New, High‐ Performance Catalysts (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Versatile Model for Packet Loss Visibility and its Application to Packet Prioritization (2009)

In this paper, we propose a generalized linear model for video packet loss visibility that is applicable to different group-of-picture structures. We develop the model using three subjective experiment data sets that span various encoding standards (H.264 and MPEG-2), group-of-picture structures, and decoder error concealment choices. We consider factors not only within a packet, but also in its vicinity, to account for possible temporal and spatial masking effects. We discover that the factors of scene cuts, camera motion, and reference distance are highly significant to the packet loss visibility. We apply our visibility model to packet prioritization for a video stream; when the network gets congested at an intermediate router, the router is able to decide which packets to drop such that visual quality of the video is minimally impacted. To show the effectiveness of our visibility model and its corresponding packet prioritization method, experiments are done to compare our perceptual-quality-based packet prioritization approach with existing Drop-Tail and Hint-Track-inspired cumulative-MSE-based prioritization methods. The result shows that our prioritization method produces videos of higher perceptual quality for different network conditions and group-of-picture structures. Our model was developed using data from high encoding-rate videos, and designed for high-quality video transported over a mostly reliable network; however, the experiments show the model is applicable to different encoding rates.
Synergistic chemosensitization and inhibition of progression to androgen independence by antisense Bcl-2 oligodeoxynucleotide and paclitaxel in the LNCaP prostate tumor model (2001)

Bcl-2 expression is up-regulated in prostate cancer cells after androgen ablation and associated with development of androgen independence and chemoresistance. We recently reported that antisense Bcl-2 oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) delay progression to androgen independence in the androgen-dependent (AD) human LNCaP prostate tumor model. The objectives in this study were to determine whether antisense human Bcl-2 ODN enhances chemosensitivity of paclitaxel and whether combined antisense Bcl-2 ODN and paclitaxel further delays time to androgen-independent (AI) progression in the LNCaP tumor model. Semi-quantitative reverse transcriptast-polymerase chain reaction revealed that treatment of LNCaP cells with antisense Bcl-2 ODN decreased Bcl-2 expression in a dose-dependent and sequence-specific manner, whereas Bcl-2 expression was not affected by paclitaxel treatment. Antisense Bcl-2 ODN treatment significantly enhanced paclitaxel chemosensitivity in vitro, reducing cell viability after treatment with 1 nM paclitaxel from 76% to 42%. Characteristic apoptotic DNA laddering was demonstrated after combined treatment with 500 nM antisense Bcl-2 ODN and 1 nM paclitaxel but not with either agent alone. Adjuvant in vivo administration of combined antisense Bcl-2 and polymeric micellar paclitaxel after castration resulted in a significant delay of emergence of AI recurrent LNCaP tumors compared with either agent alone. By 15 weeks post castration, tumor volume in mice treated with antisense Bcl-2 ODN alone or mismatch control ODN plus paclitaxel was >3-fold higher than in mice treated with combined antisense Bcl-2 ODN and paclitaxel. Mean serum prostate-specific antigen levels returned to or were above precastration levels by 11 weeks post castration in mice treated with antisense Bcl-2 ODN alone or mismatch control ODN plus paclitaxel but remained 90% below the pre-castration level in mice treated with combined antisense Bcl-2 ODN and paclitaxel. These findings identify combined antisense Bcl-2 and paclitaxel as a potentially new therapeutic strategy for advanced prostate cancer by enhancing paclitaxel chemosensitivity and delaying progression of hormone-refractory prostate cancer.
Geographical association between livestock density and human Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 infections (2010)

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) bacteria can cause outbreaks and sporadic cases of gastroenteritis in humans. Ruminants are seen as the main reservoir. The aim of this study was to evaluate the spatial association between reported human STEC O157 infections in The Netherlands and different livestock densities. Data were collected at the municipality level and a spatial regression analysis was performed. Between April 1999 and December 2008, 409 symptomatic sporadic cases were registered. Adding an interaction term between season, age, and livestock density showed an increased risk of STEC cases in summer for living in areas with cattle, in particular for young children. In conclusion, cattle, but not pigs or poultry, are indicated as an important source for human STEC O157 infections in rural areas. The association is probably due to direct or indirect contact with cattle, resulting in symptomatic infections, especially in young children.
Initial Human Feasibility of Infusion Needle Catheter Ablation for Refractory Ventricular Tachycardia (2013)

Intramyocardial infusion-needle catheter ablation is feasible and permits control of some VTs that have been refractory to conventional catheter ablation therapy, warranting further study.
Self-Supervised Ego-Motion Estimation Based on Multi-Layer Fusion of RGB and Inferred Depth (2022)

In existing self-supervised depth and ego-motion estimation methods, ego-motion estimation is usually limited to only leveraging RGB information. Recently, several methods have been proposed to further improve the accuracy of self-supervised ego-motion estimation by fusing information from other modalities, e.g., depth, acceleration, and angular velocity. However, they rarely focus on how different fusion strategies affect performance. In this paper, we investigate the effect of different fusion strategies for ego-motion estimation and pro-pose a new framework for self-supervised learning of depth and ego-motion estimation, which performs ego-motion estimation by leveraging RGB and inferred depth information in a Multi-Layer Fusion manner. As a result, we have achieved state-of-the-art performance among learning-based methods on the KITTI odometry benchmark. Detailed studies on the design choices of leveraging inferred depth information and fusion strategies have also been carried out, which clearly demonstrate the advantages of our proposed framework. <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup>
Complexes Derived from Strong Field Ligands. XVIII. The Complexes of 2-(2-Mercaptoethyl)-pyridine with Nickel(II), Palladium(II), Platinum(II), and Cobalt(II) (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComplexes Derived from Strong Field Ligands. XVIII. The Complexes of 2-(2-Mercaptoethyl)-pyridine with Nickel(II), Palladium(II), Platinum(II), and Cobalt(II)Jay W. Wrathall and Daryle H. BuschCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1963, 2, 6, 1182–1187Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50010a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50010a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views130Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Identification of DC corona generating SF<inf>6</inf> decomposition gases adsorbed on CNT gas sensor using FTIR spectroscopy (2010)

It is important to detect decomposition of insulating gas SF <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</inf> caused by partial discharges for gas-insulated switchgear (GIS). In the previous result, the author developed a novel partial discharges sensing using carbon nanotube (CNT) gas sensor. In recently, an application of high voltage DC for long distance electric power transmission has been often used in various countries as the interconnection system and overload demand. In this study we applied the CNT gas sensor to detect partial discharges generated by high voltage DC. There was polarity profile for DC compared AC discharges. It was found, response of the sensor in the case of negative discharges was much higher than positive discharges under the same experimental condition. And the decomposed gases for each case were identified by FT-IR spectroscopy. The result indicated absorption peaks correspond to SF <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> and SOF <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> of positive discharges was much higher than that of negative discharges.
Effects of low-dose milk protein supplementation following low-to-moderate intensity exercise training on muscle mass in healthy older adults: a randomized placebo-controlled trial (2020)

We conclude that low-dose milk protein supplementation (10 g of protein/day) combined with low-to-moderate intensity exercise training is associated with increased muscle mass, but not improved physical performance compared to carbohydrate combined with exercise in healthy older adults. This study was registered in the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000032189).
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Proarrhythmia: Case Report and Review of the Literature (1991)

A 31-year-old man who received an automatic cardioverter defibrillator subsequently underwent exercise testing. During exercise, a sinus tachycardia resulted above his device detect rate prompting two shocks, the second of which produced an unstable polymorphous ventricular tachycardia. In this article, we review the literature on automatic cardioverter defibrillator-induced ventricular tachyarrhythmias as well as the management of exercise testing in patients with these devices.