gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Formation of Sertoli Cell‐Enriched Tissue Constructs Utilizing Simulated Microgravity Technology (2001)

Cell transplantation therapy for diabetes and Parkinson's disease offers hope for long-term alleviation of symptoms. However, successful protocols remain elusive due to obstacles, including rejection and lack of tropic support for the graft. To enhance engraftment, testis-derived postmitotic Sertoli cells have been cotransplanted with islets in the diabetic rat (Db) and neurons in the Parkinsonian rat (PD). Sertoli cell tropic, regulatory, and nutritive factors that nourish and stimulate germ cells also support isolated neurons and islets in vitro. Likewise, immunosuppressive properties of Sertoli cells, extant in the testis, are expressed by extratesticular Sertoli cells evidenced by allo- and xenograft immunoprotection of grafts in both the CNS (in the PD model) and the periphery (in the Db model). On this basis, we have created Sertoli islet cell aggregates (SICA) and Sertoli neuron aggregated cells (SNAC) using simulated microgravity culture technology developed by NASA. Isolated rat and pig Sertoli cells were cocultured with neonatal pig islets (SICA) and with immortalized N-Terra-2 (NT2) neurons (SNAC) in the HARV biochamber. Formed aggregates were assayed for desirable functional and structural characteristics. Cell viability in SICA and SNAC exceeded 90% and FasL immunopositive Sertoli cells were present in both. Sertoli cells did not interfere with insulin secretion by SICA and promoted differentiation of NT2 cells to the dopaminergic hNT cell type in SNAC. Addition of Matrigel resulted in structural reorganization of the aggregates and enhanced insulin secretion. We conclude that SICA, SNAC, and Matrigel-induced islet- and neuron-filled "Sertoli cell biochambers" are suitable for long-term transplantation treatment of Db and PD.
Osteopontin is a multi-faceted pro-tumorigenic driver for central nervous system lymphoma (2016)

Osteopontin (OPN) is the most upregulated gene in primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) compared to non-CNS diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We show here that OPN is a key mediator of intracerebral tumor growth, invasion, and dissemination in CNS lymphoma, and that these effects depend upon activation of NF-κB. We further show that activation of NF-κB by OPN occurs through a unique mechanism in which intracellular OPN (iOPN) causes transcriptional downregulation of the NF-κB inhibitors, A20/TNFAIP3 and ABIN1/TNIP1, and secretory OPN (sOPN) promotes receptor-mediated activation of NF-κB. We also identify NF-κB-mediated induction of matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) as a specific feature of OPN-mediated tissue invasion. These results implicate OPN as a candidate for development of targeted therapy for patients with PCNSL.
Cooperative Protocol for Analog Network Coding in Distributed Wireless Networks (2010)

The concept of analog network coding (ANC) considers the concurrent transmission of signals over the wireless medium so that they intentionally interfere. Higher network throughput can be achieved with ANC when an intended transmission that a receiver desires to receive is made to interfere with a concurrent transmission of a signal known a priori at the receiver. In this paper, we present a cooperative protocol that exploits ANC. We consider a system with cooperative relaying of overlapped transmissions from two independent users. More specifically, we explore the case that network nodes may allow the transmitted signals to interfere both at the final destination node, and also at an intermediate node that acts subsequently as a relay. The relay employs a cooperative and multicast amplify-and-forward protocol so that the two destinations can use the interfered signals in order to recover the desired packet. We analyze this protocol in terms of the achieved rate and present an algorithm to recover signals from the overlapped transmissions. We study the impact of overlapping in signal transmissions on the throughput of the system. We show that even with considerable overlapping, the throughput under the proposed protocol is better in comparison to an orthogonal amplify-and-forward protocol.
Using machine learning to predict perfusionists’ critical decision-making during cardiac surgery (2021)

The cardiac surgery operating room is a high-risk and complex environment in which multiple experts work as a team to provide safe and excellent care to patients. During the cardiopulmonary bypass phase of cardiac surgery, critical decisions need to be made and the perfusionists play a crucial role in assessing available information and taking a certain course of action. In this paper, we report the findings of a simulation-based study using machine learning to build predictive models of perfusionists' decision-making during critical situations in the operating room (OR). Performing 30-fold cross-validation across 30 random seeds, our machine learning approach was able to achieve an accuracy of 78.2% (95% confidence interval: 77.8% to 78.6%) in predicting perfusionists' actions, having access to only 148 simulations. The findings from this study may inform future development of computerised clinical decision support tools to be embedded into the OR, improving patient safety and surgical outcomes.
In vivo indirect measurement of cytochrome P450‐associated activities in freshwater gastropod molluscs (2009)

The cytochrome P450 (CYP) system is widely distributed across phyla and plays a key role in the metabolism of xenobiotic compounds. However, most studies on CYP system were developed on vertebrates and among invertebrates, gastropod molluscs are rarely used. In this context, ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase (ECOD), ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), and pentoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase (PROD) activities, which are indirect measurements of CYP system, were characterized in two freshwater gastropod molluscs, Potamopyrgus antipodarum, and Valvata piscinalis, to ascertain their potential interest as biomarkers of exposure to chemicals. Activities were measured using an in vivo non lethal method based on the measurement of formed product (resorufin or hydroxycoumarin). This in vivo assay allowed to measure the three activities in P. antipodarum and two of them (ECOD and PROD) in V. piscinalis. The detection of activities and the optimization of experimental design were carried out first and allowed to measure the selected activities for one individual. The modulation of the detected activities was secondly assessed using a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (Benzo(a)pyrene). Based on this non destructive measurement, effect of BaP exposure could be detected on ECOD and EROD activity in P. antipodarum, as well on PROD activity of V. piscinalis after 96 h of exposure. Such an in vivo assay must be further developed to be valuably used to screen the exposure of gastropod species to CYP inducer chemicals and its consequences in terms of fitness of the organisms and of the population.
Frontiers in prostate cancer. Telomeres and chaos (1995)

New frontiers are emerging in our understanding of the biology of prostate cancer. Four topics are addressed in this article. The first topic addressed is the search for candidate genes for cancer susceptibility that are related to familial forms of prostate cancer. Second, the demonstration of a correlation between prostate cancer, shortened telomere lengths, and the appearance of telomerase activity as well as related findings regarding cellular senescence and immortalilty are presented. Third, epigenetic aspects of tumorigenesis, in particular, the recognition that cancer-related genes only function within the context of certain cell types, are discussed. This tissue specificity is dictated, in part, by the cell matrix structures that serve to hard wire the interaction of the DNA with the external environment. Fourth, concepts recently developed in the fields of complexity and chaos theory are discussed that may offer a better understanding of the fundamental changes in tumor cell morphology and heterogeneity, which are hallmarks of the cancer state. Specifically, the authors discuss the concept that dynamic attractors may dictate the three-dimensional organization of the DNA within the nucleus through interactions with the nuclear matrix. The nuclear matrix is a dynamic scaffolding structure, which temporally and spatially organizes the genome and plays a major role in determining tissue specificity. The authors believe that the new principles and concepts presented in this article will provide additional insight into prostate cancer as well as potential foci for future therapeutic interventions. Cancer 1995;75:2027–35.
ChemInform Abstract: ANALYSIS OF THE CHIRALITY OF OXYGEN‐16, ‐17, AND ‐18 PHOSPHATE ESTERS BY PHOSPHORUS‐31 NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY (1982)

Abstract Analog der aufgezeichneten mehrstufigen Synthese, durch die das D‐Glucose‐6‐phosphat (IIIa) und Adenosin‐5′‐phosphat (IIIb) ausgehend vom meso‐Hydrobenzoin (I) erhältlich sind, werden D‐Glucose‐6‐ und Adenosin‐5′‐[(S)‐ 16O,′7O,′3O]phosphat unter Verwendung von (1R,2S)‐[1‐′3O]dihydroxy‐l ,2‐diphenylethan und [ "O]Phosphoroxychlorid dargestellt.
Probabilistic detection of mobile targets in heterogeneous sensor networks (2007)

Target detection and field surveillance are among the most prominent applications of Sensor Networks (SN). The quality of detection achieved by a SN can be quantified by evaluating the probability of detecting a mobile target crossing a Field of Interest (FoI). In this paper, we analytically evaluate the detection probability of mobile targets when N sensors are stochastically deployed to monitor a Fol. We map the target detection problem to a line-set intersection problem and derive analytical formulas using tools from Integral Geometry and Geometric Probability. We show that the detection probability depends on the length of the perimeters of the sensing areas of the sensors and not their shape. Hence, compared to prior work, our formulation allows us to consider a heterogeneous sensing model, where each sensor can have an arbitrary sensing area. We also evaluate the mean free path until a target is first detected.
Inhibition of Selectin Function and Leukocyte Rolling Protects Against Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Murine Colitis (2001)

These results suggest that selectins mediate leukocyte infiltration and tissue damage in experimental colitis. Moreover, our data support the concept that functional interference with adhesion molecules of the selectin family may have a beneficial effect in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
Catalytic Cross‐Coupling of Alkylzinc Halides with α‐Chloroketones. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reduction of Operating and Maintenance Costs Through Automated Diesel Generator Performance Monitoring (1995)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;One of the keys to reducing operating and maintenance costs for Emergency Diesel Generators (EDGs) at nuclear power plants is accurate, historical, and real time data from critical system parameters. This data can then be used to reduce overall maintenance cost by assisting the maintenance personnel in determining when and if maintenance can be deferred; identifying degrading performance before failures occur; and reducing troubleshooting time and assisting in root cause analysis investigations after a failure occurs.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A cost effective diesel generator performance monitoring system has been developed that will provide plant personnel with on-line and historical analysis capabilities. The system presented here was designed based on a modular approach that decreases the complexity of the systems individual components and increases the flexibility of the performance monitoring system based on the needs and desires of the individual plants. The system design also allows for future expansion to control various operating parameters.&lt;/div&gt;
Dependence of joint spacing on rock properties in carbonate strata (2009)

Joint density is studied in relation to petrographic and petrophysical parameters in two sedimentary carbonate formations characterized by different diagenetic histories: the Kimmeridgian limestones of the Chay Peninsula (western France) with a mean joint density of 6.37 fractures per meter (fr/m) (1.94 fr/ft), and the Bathonian limestones of the Bouye outcrop (western France) with a mean joint density of 1.9 fr/m (0.58 fr/ft). The Chay carbonates are characterized by a lower CaCO3 content, a higher average porosity, and a lower sound velocity than values recorded in the Bouye limestones. The compressive strength and Young's modulus of the Bouye carbonates are, respectively, 10 and 3 times higher than in the Chay carbonates. A statistical analysis was used to identify relationships between joint density and carbonate rock properties. When facies variations are marked, the joint density at outcrop scale is related to the mean bed thickness, the facies descriptors, and the Young's modulus. When textural variations are more limited, the joint density is controlled by the porosity. At the scale of a sedimentary basin, 63.8% of the variation in joint density may be accounted for by Young's modulus and the sparite/micrite ratio. The decrease in the sparite/micrite ratio reflects an increased number of grain boundaries in the carbonate rock, which limits grain deformation and enhances joint density. The variations in Young's modulus depend essentially on the porosity and mineralogy of the studied rocks. Any increase in CaCO3 content or decrease in porosity is associated with an increase in the elastic properties of the rock and a reduction of joint density.
Human versus porcine mesenchymal stromal cells: phenotype, differentiation potential, immunomodulation and cardiac improvement after transplantation (2011)

Although mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been applied clinically to treat cardiac diseases, it is unclear how and to which extent transplanted MSCs exert their beneficial effects. To address these questions, pre-clinical MSC administrations are needed for which pigs appear to be the species of choice. This requires the use of porcine cells to prevent immune rejection. However, it is currently unknown to what extent porcine MSCs (pMSCs) resemble human MSCs (hMSCs). Aim of this study was to compare MSC from porcine bone marrow (BM) with human cells for phenotype, multi-lineage differentiation potential, immune-modulatory capacity and the effect on cardiac function after transplantation in a mouse model of myocardial infarction. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that pMSC expressed surface antigens also found on hMSC, including CD90, MSCA-1 (TNAP/W8B2 antigen), CD44, CD29 and SLA class I. Clonogenic outgrowth was significantly enriched following selection of CD271+ cells from BM of human and pig (129 ± 29 and 1961 ± 485 fold, respectively). hMSC and pMSC differentiated comparably into the adipogenic, osteogenic or chondrogenic lineages, although pMSC formed fat much faster than hMSC. Immuno-modulation, an important feature of hMSC, was clearly demonstrated for pMSC when co-cultured with porcine peripheral blood cells stimulated with PMA and pIL-2. Finally, pMSC transplantation after myocardial infarction attenuated adverse remodelling to a similar extent as hMSC when compared to control saline injection. These findings demonstrate that pMSCs have comparable characteristics and functionality with hMSCs, making reliable extrapolation of pre-clinical pMSC studies into a clinical setting very well possible.
Enabling the Billion-Ton Bioeconomy (2016)

The United States is rich in non-food ‎biomass that can fuel the development of a thriving ‎bioeconomy where renewable and sustainable resources power cars and planes instead of petroleum. The ‎transportation and aviation industry is actively seeking ways to reduce its carbon footprint by powering planes with solid municipal waste, woody biomass, purpose-grown crops, and ‎algae. Watch this short video to learn how biomass is being used to make our country greener, provide new employment opportunities, and reduce our dependence on foreign oil.
Risk Assessment and Decision Support for Security Policies and Related Enterprise Operational Processes (2011)

This paper presents and discusses our work to provide organizations with risk assessment and decision support capabilities when dealing with their strategic security policies. We aim at achieving this by using a rigorous and scientific methodology (and tools) which leverages modeling and simulation techniques. This methodology helps organizations to assess their risk exposure. It factors in policy implementation at the operational level along with relevant threats, processes, interactions and people behaviors. It provides "what-if" analysis by illustrating the consequences of making policy changes and investments. We introduce our methodology and tools and then illustrate how this approach has been successfully used in a real case study with one of our major customers. This case study focused on the organization's access management processes and related policies: it helped to inform strategic security policies and support changes of current processes. Additional work is planned in this space.
[Ligamentoplasty of the anterior cruciate ligament after 40 years: a series of 41 patients]. (2002)

Age over 40 years is not a contraindication for arthroscopic free patellar tendon graft for the treatment of chronic anterior laxity. Using rigorous preoperative assessment criteria (delay from accident to surgery, absence of joint space narrowing on the AP and lateral view before intervention, symptomatic instability in daily life activities and motivated patient) this type of procedure can be performed safely and provides good functional outcome at five years. The current follow-up is insufficient to judge potential joint degradation. Age is not a contraindication if certain precautions are taken.
Retrospective und prospective biomarker studies in early stage HNSCC- first clinical results- (2020)

Introduction Biomarkers for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have previously been identified. The aim of this study is to prove the applicability of these biomarkers in patients with early stage HNSCC who underwent only a surgical therapy. Additionally, we try to classify a low risk and high risk group for relapse with the aid of these biomarkers.
Impact of lymphovascular invasion on lymph node metastasis for patients undergoing radical prostatectomy with negative resection margin (2017)

Lymphovascular invasion increases the risk of recurrence in T3 patients regardless of margin status, by accelerating lymph node metastasis and distant organ metastasis.
A 6-Gb/s Wireless Inter-Chip Data Link Using 43-GHz Transceivers and Bond-Wire Antennas (2009)

A 43-GHz wireless inter-chip data link including antennas, transmitters, and receivers is presented. The industry standard bonding wires are exploited to provide high efficiency and low-cost antennas. This type of antennas can provide an efficient horizontal communication which is hard to achieve using conventional on-chip antennas. The system uses binary amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulation to keep the design compact and power efficient. The transmitter includes a differential to single-ended modulator and a two-stage power amplifier (PA). The receiver includes a low-noise amplifier (LNA), pre-amplifiers, envelope detectors (ED), a variable gain amplifier (VGA), and a comparator. The chip is fabricated in 180-nm SiGe BiCMOS technology. With power-efficient transceivers and low-cost high-performance antennas, the implemented inter-chip link achieves bit-error rate (BER) around 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-8</sup> for 6 Gb/s over a distance of 2 cm. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the recovered signal is about 24 dB with 18 ps of rms jitter. The transmitter and receiver consume 57 mW and 60 mW, respectively, including buffers. The bit energy efficiency excluding test buffers is 17 pJ/bit. The presented work shows the feasibility of a low power high data rate wireless inter-chip data link and wireless heterogeneous multi-chip networks.
Microwave Synthesis of Supported Au and Pd Nanoparticle Catalysts for CO Oxidation (2005)

We report the microwave synthesis and characterization of Au and Pd nanoparticle catalysts supported on CeO2, CuO, and ZnO nanoparticles for CO oxidation. The results indicate that supported Au/CeO2 catalysts exhibit excellent activity for low-temperature CO oxidation. The Pd/CeO2 catalyst shows a uniform dispersion of Pd nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution within the ceria support. A remarkable enhancement of the catalytic activity is observed and directly correlated with the change in the morphology of the supported catalyst and the efficient dispersion of the active metal on the support achieved by using capping agents during the microwave synthesis. The significance of the current method lies mainly in its simplicity, flexibility, and the control of the different factors that determine the activity of the nanoparticle catalysts.
Supplementary Figures S1-8 from Pan-HER, an Antibody Mixture Simultaneously Targeting EGFR, HER2, and HER3, Effectively Overcomes Tumor Heterogeneity and Plasticity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figures S1-8. Figure S1 - Analysis of nonlinear blending synergy for the pairs of antibodies that constitute Pan-HER. Figure S2 - In vitro comparison of Pan-HER and a combination of cetuximab, trastuzumab and MM-121. Figure S3 - In vivo assessment of nonlinear blending synergy for the target specificities in the Pan-HER mixture. Figure S4 - Dose titration of Pan-HER in the BxPC3 xenograft model. Figure S5 - IHC analysis of Calu-3 tumors. Figure S6 - Assessment of cell death and cell cycle arrest. Figure S7 - Assessment of ADCC in a panel of cell lines. Figure S8 - Analysis of the effect of receptor internalization on effector functions.&lt;/p&gt;
Recognizing connected digits in a natural spoken dialog (1999)

This paper addresses the general problem of connected digit recognition in the telecommunication environment. In particular, we focus on a task of recognizing digits when embedded in a natural spoken dialog. Two different design strategies are investigated: keyword detection of word spotting, and large-vocabulary continuous speech recognition. We characterize the potential benefits and describe the main components of each design method, including acoustic and language modeling, training and utterance verification. Experimental results on a subset of a database that includes customers responses to the open-ended prompt "How may I help you?" are presented.
Performance evaluation of an adaptive backoff scheme for WLAN (2004)

Abstract In this paper, a simple self‐adaptive contention window adjustment algorithm for 802.11 wireless local area networks (WLAN) is proposed and analyzed. Numerical results show that the new algorithm outperforms the standard 802.11 window adjustment algorithm. Compared with the standard and previously proposed enhancement algorithms, a salient feature of our algorithm is that it performs well in both heavy and light contention cases regardless of the packet sizes and physical versions. Moreover, the adaptive window adjustment algorithm is simpler than previously proposed schemes in that no live measurement of the WLAN traffic activity is needed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Algebraic pseudorandom functions with improved efficiency from the augmented cascade (2010)

We construct an algebraic pseudorandom function (PRF) that is more efficient than the classic Naor-Reingold algebraic PRF. Our PRF is the result of adapting the cascade construction, which is the basis of HMAC, to the algebraic settings. To do so we define an augmented cascade and prove it secure when the underlying PRF satisfies a property called parallel security. We then use the augmented cascade to build new algebraic PRFs. The algebraic structure of our PRF leads to an efficient large-domain Verifiable Random Function (VRF) and a large-domain simulatable VRF.