gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Statistical path loss parameter estimation and positioning using RSS measurements (2012)

An efficient Bayesian method for off-line estimation of the position and the path loss model parameters of a base station is presented. Two versions of three different on-line positioning methods are tested using real data collected from a cellular network. The tests confirm the superiority of the methods that use the estimated path loss parameter distributions compared to the conventional methods that only use point estimates for the path loss parameters. Taking the uncertainties into account is computationally demanding, but the Gauss-Newton optimization methods is shown to provide a good approximation with computational load that is reasonable for many real-time solutions.
Endogenous and exogenous testosterone and the risk of prostate cancer and increased prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) level: a meta‐analysis (2016)

Prostate cancer appears to be unrelated to endogenous testosterone levels. TRT for symptomatic hypogonadism does not appear to increase PSA levels nor the risk of prostate cancer development. The current data are reassuring, although some caution is essential until multiple studies with longer follow-up are available.
Tactile breast imaging to increase the sensitivity of breast examination (2004)

1037 Background: Most breast cancers in the US are detected by palpation. We evaluated a Tactile Breast Imager (TBI) in the detection of breast nodules in phantoms. The TBI is a hand-held electronic palpation device developed at Artann Laboratories that translates tissue elastic properties into a digital 3-D map of the tissue. Methods: Ten breast phantoms in various sizes containing a total of 36 solid nodules were constructed out of a specially designed silicon compound with elasticity moduli typical for breast tissues. The nodules varied in size from 6 to 30 mm. The depth of placement varied from 10 to 50 mm. Eight of the phantoms contained 4 to 5 nodules. Two phantoms contained no nodules. The breast phantoms were manually examined for nodules. Then the examiner repeated the examination with the device after about 30 minutes training with the TBI. Examiners included skilled medical professionals (3 surgical oncologist, 3 advanced practice nurses) and unskilled lay persons (3 secretaries and 4 engineers). The four engineers were additionally trained in four additional sessions and repeated the phantom exams. The ability to detect the nodules with and without the TBI by skilled and unskilled examiners was compared. The effect of repeat training was also evaluated. Results: Results of the study are summarized in the table: Conclusion: The use of the tactile breast imager increases the sensitivity of breast palpation when used by lay persons in breast models. The sensitivity increases to the level exceeding that of a trained medical professional, particularly with training. The TBI has the potential to increase the detection of palpable breast models if the phantom findings can be duplicated in vivo. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Artann Laboratories Artann Laboratories Artann Laboratories
Autonomous sensing by intelligent meta-lens array (2022)

We inspired and learned from nature to develop the meta-lens array for intelligent imaging and sensing. The design, fabrication, and applications of the intelligent meta-lens array are reported in this talk. We developed the meta-lens array based light field imaging system for digital focusing, full-color imaging, depth sensing for static and dynamic objects, and 1D to 3D edge detection. This research shows the importance of optical meta-devices for next-generation optical imaging and sensing. We believe this opens up an avenue for future applications of optical devices in micro-robotic vision, unmanned-vehicle sensing, virtual and augmented reality, drones, and miniature personal-security systems.
Use of zinc‐neutralized ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymer ionomers as blend compatibilizers for nylon 6 and low‐density polyethylene (2003)

Abstract The effect of the composition on the morphologies and properties of uncompatibilized and compatibilized blends of nylon 6 and low‐density polyethylene were studied over a wide range of weight fractions. The uncompatibilized blends had substantially reduced mechanical properties after mixing, and this was almost certainly due to poor interfacial adhesion between the two polymers. The addition of a zinc‐neutralized poly(ethylene‐ co ‐methacrylic acid) ionomer (Surlyn® 9020) as a compatibilizer improved the mechanical properties in comparison with those of the material blended without the compatibilizer. The clearest evidence of this improvement came from dynamic mechanical studies; for selected blends with high polyethylene contents, the drop in the modulus corresponding to the transition of a solid to a melt occurred at higher temperatures with the added compatibilizer. This improvement in the properties was accompanied by a reduction in the dispersed‐phase size due to the interaction between the ionic part of the ionomer and the amide groups of nylon 6, especially when nylon 6 was the dispersed phase of the blend. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 620–629, 2003
Variation of the spacer layer between two resonant tunneling diodes (1989)

The effect of changing the length of the spacer layer between two vertically integrated resonant tunneling diodes (RTDs) is experimentally determined. Three different wafers, each containing two RTDs, were grown by molecular beam epitaxy, with spacer layers of 1200, 700, and 200 Å, respectively. A fourth wafer with a single such RTD was grown as a control sample. Two of the control samples wired in series show two current peaks, the temperature dependence of the current-voltage (I-V) curves being correctly predicted by a nonlinear load model. The I-V characteristics of the stacked devices with 1200 and 700 Å quantum wells between the RTDs also show two current peaks, confirming that the bulk of electrons lose longitudinal wave function coherence between the two double-barrier structures. The first derivative of the I-V curve for the samples with 700 and 1200 Å spacers displays evidence of quantum interference between the cathode well and the central spacer as a second-order effect. The first major peak in the structure with a 200 Å spacer between the quantum wells differs from the first peak in the other structures, and the difference is attributed to quantum interference effects.
Integrative Lifecourse and Genetic Analysis of Military Working Dogs (2015)

Abstract : The purpose of this proposal is to provide insight into gene environment interactions. It leverages the simplified genetics and detailed records of the military working dog population. There are several critical aspects to meeting the aims of this proposal. 1) development of data driven selection criteria, 2) biological sampling of representative dogs, and 3) generation of mathematical methodologies capable of handling heterogeneous data and statistical tests in consistent manner and providing clear and understandable results that are biologically valid. Here we provide a breakdown of the previous years work and document our progress towards achieving the specific aims we proposed.
Improvements in the Annealing of Mg Ion Implanted GaN and Related Devices (2016)

The activation of ion implanted p-type dopants in GaN is notoriously difficult as the extremely high temperatures required to activate implanted Mg also damage the GaN crystal. In this paper, we present refinements to our novel annealing process (symmetric multicycle rapid thermal annealing) to reduce surface damage and contamination responsible for elevated leakage currents and non-ideal diode behavior. Furthermore, we apply the technique to Mg-implanted bulk GaN substrates to enable vertical power device structures, demonstrating rectifying p-i-n junctions. In addition, the technique was applied for edge termination in both p-i-n and Schottky barrier diodes, realizing floating guard ring and junction termination extension structures. The processes demonstrated here represents a key enabling step for future GaN-based power devices.
Dealing with data dependent conditions to enable general global source code transformations (2009)

Global source code transformations, such as Global Loop Transformations (GLT), are usually performed on a Geometrical Model (GM) which is very effective in dealing with complex transformations. However, this model imposes strict limitations on the input code, and it is not capable to deal with data dependent conditions. The technique presented in this paper can deal with data dependent conditions at any loop level. At the outermost loop level hot code paths are grouped together into limited number of clusters called scenarios to maximise the GLT benefit for a given code size growth. On the middle and innermost loop level we manipulate the abstract syntax tree to move the data dependent conditions out of the GLT optimisation scope. Results show up to 45.8% improvement compared to state-of-the-art.
Lactobacillus rhamnosusCNCM I-3690 and the commensal bacteriumFaecalibacterium prausnitziiA2-165 exhibit similar protective effects to induced barrier hyper-permeability in mice (2014)

Impaired gut barrier function has been reported in a wide range of diseases and syndromes and in some functional gastrointestinal disorders. In addition, there is increasing evidence that suggests the gut microbiota tightly regulates gut barrier function and recent studies demonstrate that probiotic bacteria can enhance barrier integrity. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus CNCM I-3690 on intestinal barrier function. In vitro results using a Caco-2 monolayer cells stimulated with TNF-α confirmed the anti-inflammatory nature of the strain CNCM I-3690 and pointed out a putative role for the protection of the epithelial function. Next, we tested the protective effects of L. rhamnosus CNCM I-3690 in a mouse model of increased colonic permeability. Most importantly, we compared its performance to that of the well-known beneficial human commensal bacterium Faecalibacterium prauznitzii A2-165. Increased colonic permeability was normalized by both strains to a similar degree. Modulation of apical tight junction proteins expression was then analyzed to decipher the mechanism underlying this effect. We showed that CNCM I-3690 partially restored the function of the intestinal barrier and increased the levels of tight junction proteins Occludin and E-cadherin. The results indicate L. rhamnosus CNCM I-3690 is as effective as the commensal anti-inflammatory bacterium F. prausnitzii to treat functional barrier abnormalities.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of α‐Fluoro‐β,γ‐alkenylphosphonates and Conjugated Fluoroenynes from a Common Intermediate (α‐Fluoropropargyl)phosphonate. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Viral diversity and clonal evolution from unphased genomic data (2014)

Our method has the power to make use of minor variants present in less than 1% of the population and capture genomic diversification within days of infection, making it an ideal tool for the study of acute RNA viral infection dynamics.
Making Fuels from Biomass (2005)

Probing the effects of fructose concentration on the evolution of humins during fructose dehydration,
Metal–Insulator–Metal Diodes: Role of the Insulator Layer on the Rectification Performance (2013)

A systematic study of the role of the insulator layer on rectification performance in metal–insulator–metal structures is reported. Four different MIM systems with Nb/Pt metal pairs and Nb2O5, TiO2, Al2O3, MgO as the insulator candidates are investigated based on an empirical hypothesis. As per the hypothesis and experimental verification, several prospective MIM systems such as Sm/ZrO2/Pt and Hf/TiO2/Pt are identified and a MIM materials-space is constructed.
Gamification-based UML learning environment in virtual reality (2022)

Modeling is a key activity in conceptual design and system design which makes learning and understanding modeling languages like the Unified Modeling Language (UML) important. Many interactive UML learning applications exist and also gamification-based alternatives have been proposed in recent years to promote the engagement of learners. However, none of the existing approaches provide an immersive learning environment that can be used to increase interactivity while learning. As a consequence, existing UML learning applications cannot create a feeling of presence that can positively influence learning outcomes, and the potential of gamification is not fully exploited. To overcome this problem, in this demo paper, we present an immersive gamification-based UML learning environment in Virtual Reality (VR) to practice modeling class diagrams in an interactive way. The VR environment provides minigames and multi-viewpoint modeling features to learn creating class diagrams. The multi-viewpoint component highlights correspondences between a class diagram and a 3D model of an example system. The goal of this approach is to improve the learners' motivation, make the learning process an enjoyable experience, and boost learning outcomes.
Surface resistance measurements on nonceramic insulators (2001)

The results and analysis of surface resistance measurements performed on nonceramic insulators (NCI) are presented in this paper. The goal of this study was to determine if the surface resistance measurement procedure can be formalized to ensure repeatable and reproducible results. The NCIs evaluated had housing materials made from one type of silicone rubber and one type of ethylene propylene diene terpolymers (EPDM) rubber. A porcelain post insulator was used as a reference. The Task Force concluded that it is possible to establish a standard for surface resistance measurement in the laboratory. Such a standard is valuable since surface resistance provides: (1) an indication of aging on NCI housing material, and (2) a more sensitive indicator of true contamination severity on insulators than provided by conventional ESDD (equivalent salt deposit density) measurements. As a first step in this direction, guidelines for measurement have been provided in this paper. Suggestions for future work needed for standardization are also included in the paper.
Pityriazepin, a new indole alkaloid isolated from malassezia furfur yeasts (2012)

Malassezia furfur strains isolated from diseased skin preferentially biosynthesize indole alkaloids that are active Aryl-hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) inducers. Studying the induction of AhR by Malassezia yeasts, we envisaged the isolation of new metabolites produced by Malassezia when grown on L-tryptophan agar. Chemical investigation of the EtOAc extract of a M. furfur strain isolated from lessional skin revealed, by HPLC/UV, the presence of a yet unknown yellow compound. Isolation with Column Chromatography and preparative TLC and then structure elucidation with NMR 600MHz, combined with MS analysis, led us to propose for this metabolite a structure similar to that of pityriacitrin (1). Their difference is the transformation of pyridine to an azepine ring, where the carbonyl group is incorporated in the ring. In conclusion, this conversion afforded pityriazepin (2), a new natural molecule isolated from M. furfur yeasts. Furthermore, the fusion of indole with the azepine ring appears to offer a new natural skeleton.
2D and 3D15N−13C−13C NMR Chemical Shift Correlation Spectroscopy of Solids:  Assignment of MAS Spectra of Peptides (2000)

Strategies are discussed for resolving and assigning peptide backbone and side chain resonances in uniformly 13C,15N-labeled solid peptides. Methods for 2D 13C−13C, 15N−(13C)−13C, and 3D 15N−13C−13C chemical shift correlation spectroscopy are demonstrated in the chemotactic tripeptide N-formyl-[U-13C,15N]-Met-Leu-Phe-OH (MLF). Band-selective heteronuclear double-cross polarization (DCP) and γ-encoded homonuclear double-quantum mixing provide large improvements in sensitivity relative to previously published methods. Directional transfers from amide 15N to 13C‘ or 13Cα resonances provide two- to 3-fold improvements in signal intensity on the observed 13C spin, in comparison to broadband DCP. Similarly, homonuclear 13C−13C transfer is enhanced by use of the rotating frame sequence SPC-5; backbone-to-side chain polarization transfers are achieved with especially high efficiency. Furthermore, the double-quantum nature of the homonuclear transfer permits straightforward classification of C‘, Cα, Cβ, and Cγ signals, on the basis of the sign of the cross-peaks. The experiments described here include optimized solid-state analogues of the solution-state schemes commonly employed for amino acid identification and sequential backbone assignment. We expect that these experiments will facilitate application of 2D and 3D correlation methods to assignment of larger solid peptides and proteins.
THE SYNTHESIS OF NITROGEN OXIDES IN THE AIR PLASMA OF THE INDUCTION DISCHARGE OF THE TRANSFORMER TYPE (2023)

The paper presented deals with the formation of nitrogen monoxide in quasi-equilibrium air plasma of an induction discharge of a transformer type. It is possible to obtain nitrogen monoxide with a concentration of about 7&#37; without using any quenching devices. The specific power consumption without using heat of gas mixture &#91;NO &#43; Air&#93; is about 35 kW&#183;h/kg (NO).
FAS Death Receptor: A Breast Cancer Subtype-Specific Radiation Response Biomarker and Potential Therapeutic Target (2015)

Although a standardized approach to radiotherapy has been used to treat breast cancer, regardless of subtype (e.g., luminal, basal), recent clinical data suggest that radiation response may vary significantly among subtypes. We hypothesized that this clinical variability may be due, in part, to differences in cellular radiation response. In this study, we utilized RNA samples for microarray analysis from two sources: 1. Paired pre- and postirradiation breast tumor tissue from 32 early-stage breast cancer patients treated in our unique preoperative radiation Phase I trial; and 2. Sixteen biologically diverse breast tumor cell lines exposed to 0 and 5 Gy irradiation. The transcriptome response to radiation exposure was derived by comparing gene expression in samples before and after irradiation. Genes with the highest coefficient of variation were selected for further evaluation and validated at the RNA and protein level. Gene editing and agonistic antibody treatment were performed to assess the impact of gene modulation on radiation response. Gene expression in our cohort of luminal breast cancer patients was distinctly different before and after irradiation. Further, two distinct patterns of gene expression were observed in our biologically diverse group of breast cancer cell lines pre- versus postirradiation. Cell lines that showed significant change after irradiation were largely luminal subtype, while gene expression in the basal and HER2+ cell lines was minimally impacted. The 100 genes with the most significant response to radiation in patients were identified and analyzed for differential patterns of expression in the radiation-responsive versus nonresponsive cell lines. Fourteen genes were identified as significant, including FAS, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family known to play a critical role in programed cell death. Modulation of FAS in breast cancer cell lines altered radiation response phenotype and enhanced radiation sensitivity in radioresistant basal cell lines. Our findings suggest that cell-type-specific, radiation-induced FAS contributes to subtype-specific breast cancer radiation response and that activation of FAS pathways may be exploited for biologically tailored radiotherapy.
Scale Dependencies and Self-Similar Models with Wavelet Scattering Spectra (2022)

We introduce the wavelet scattering spectra which provide non-Gaussian models of time-series having stationary increments. A complex wavelet transform computes signal variations at each scale. Dependencies across scales are captured by the joint correlation across time and scales of wavelet coefficients and their modulus. This correlation matrix is nearly diagonalized by a second wavelet transform, which defines the scattering spectra. We show that this vector of moments characterizes a wide range of non-Gaussian properties of multi-scale processes. We prove that self-similar processes have scattering spectra which are scale invariant. This property can be tested statistically on a single realization and defines a class of wide-sense self-similar processes. We build maximum entropy models conditioned by scattering spectra coefficients, and generate new time-series with a microcanonical sampling algorithm. Applications are shown for highly non-Gaussian financial and turbulence time-series.
Annealed embeddings of communication patterns in an interconnection cached network (1995)

The communication needs of many parallel applications exhibit what we call switching locality. In such applications, each computation entity (process, thread, etc.) tends to restrict its communication to a small set of other entities. The physical location or proximity of these entities can be arbitrary, as long as the communication degree is small. The Interconnection Cached Network (ICN) is a reconfigurable network ideally suited for exploiting such locality. The use of fast small crossbar switches (Interconnection Caches) with a larger, but slower, reconfigurable network (optimized for connectivity) lets the ICN adapt to the communication requirements of individual applications, potentially achieving higher performance. Embedding communication patterns efficiently in an ICN, requires finding a bounded l-contraction of the underlying communication graph. The problem of identifying whether a graph has a bounded and l-contraction for a given integer l is known to be NP-complete for l>2. We describe a heuristic algorithm based on simulated annealing for this problem. We test the effectiveness of our approach by using it to embed graphs, representing regular communication patterns, for which the best solutions are deterministically known. The algorithm does not rely on any structural information of the communication pattern and is therefore applicable to irregular patterns as well. The results of applying our heuristics to embed such irregular graphs are also presented.
[High-frequency jet ventilation for placing tracheal stents--a case report]. (1999)

Stenoses of the larynx and trachea may cause acute life-threatening situations. Surgical procedures in patients presenting this type of problem are a real challenge for the surgeon and the anaesthesiologist. Depending on the extent and the nature of the stenosis, the insertion of a stent may be the best therapeutic option. In this case, the high frequency jet ventilation offers certain advantages for the surgeon. Thanks to modern jet ventilators with automatic pressure monitoring and jet ventilation tubes with a separate lumen for pressure monitoring, the danger of barotrauma is considerably reduced, even in patients with a high-degree stenosis of the larynx and trachea. During insertion of a tracheal stent during jet ventilation, the complete cross-section of the trachea must at least be temporarily available to the surgeon. In addition, at the end of the operation the newly implanted stent should not be altered by manipulations necessary for artificial respiration. We describe a new method which uses tracheal jet ventilation for implanting a stent with only short interruptions of artificial ventilation. During recovery from anaesthesia, there is no risk of dislocating the newly placed stent.