gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Avalanche-Mode Si Light-Emitting Transistor for Narrow-Band Emission Near 760 nm (2022)

We report an avalanche-mode light-emitting transistor (AMLET) in silicon (Si), based on a lateral bipolar junction, which emits light near 760 nm optical wavelength with a record low bandwidth of 38 nm. The AMLET, designed in a CMOS-compatible silicon-on-insulator (SOI) photonics platform, is optically confined within a <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.21 ~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> thick SOI layer, which forms a Fabry-Pérot (FP) resonator perpendicular to the Si surface. Light is emitted from the reverse biased emitter-base junction via phonon-assisted hot carrier recombination and, additionally, minority carriers are injected via the forward-biased Base-Collector junction. The combination of injection from collector terminal through a narrow base and FP optical resonance, yields a high optical power efficiency of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4.3\times 10^{-6}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> at <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {BC}}=0.8$ </tex-math></inline-formula> V and <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {EB}}=10$ </tex-math></inline-formula> V. Our work opens new possibilities in spectral-engineering of Si light-emitters, which could boost performance of all-Si optical interconnects and sensors.
360: Role of Urothelial Barrier Function in Detrusor Overactivity Induced by Intravesical Application of Adenosine 5’-Triphosphate (ATP) in Rats (2004)

THE JOURNAL OF UROLOGY has recently been shown that antiproliferative factor affects bladder cell epithelium and this is seen specifically in interstitial cystitis patients and not in normal controls or patients with other urogenital pathologies. This study was performed to determine the effect of APF on the cell cycle of bladder epithelial cells and to better understand its anti-proliferative activity.
A Gold Nanoparticle—Based Approach for Screening Triplex DNA Binders* (2020)

Regulating gene expression by controlling nucleic acid transcription is a potential strategy for the treatment of genetic-based diseases. The assay consists of two sets of gold nanoparticles, NP-1 and NP-2, and a free strand of DNA, DNA-3. NP-1 and NP-2 are functionalized with either 3' or 5' pyrimidine-rich thiol-modified oligonucleotide strands which are non-complementary and do not interact. In general, assay methods that can detect drug candidates by colorimetric changes are convenient, and for this reason, an assay that could screen for triplex binders would be of great interest. In summary, the authors have developed a colorimetric assay which can screen for triplex binding molecules and simultaneously determine their relative binding capabilities by monitoring color change. The simplicity of this assay makes it more convenient than other methods, such as competitive dialysis, mass spectroscopy, electrophoresis, and UV-vis melting experiments.
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy of Polydopamine Radicals (2015)

A thorough investigation of biomimetic polydopamine (PDA) by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) is shown. In addition, temperature dependent spectroscopic EPR data are presented in the range 3.8-300 K. Small discrepancies in magnetic susceptibility behavior are observed between previously reported melanin samples. These variations were attributed to thermally acitivated processes. More importantly, EPR spatial-spatial 2D imaging of polydopamine radicals on a phantom is presented for the first time. In consequence, a new possible application of polydopamine as EPR imagining marker is addressed.
A class of cellular computer architectures to support physical design automation (vlsi layout, integrated circuit, routing) (1984)

Special computer architectures for design automation (DA) problems are a practical solution to manage the increasing complexity of designing large integrated systems. A class of cellular architectures is studied which is applicable to physical DA problems that are cellular in nature: problems well-represented on a cellular grid with strongly local functional dependencies. The Raster Pipeline Subarray (RPS) class is a systolic organization, the central features of which evolved historically in classical picture-processing applications. RPS-structured DA engines have several attractive engineering properties: transparent expansion of processing capacity with a linear pipeline, direct accommodation of large grids with the raster data format, and application to differing tasks with programmable pipeline stages. This thesis studies routing and integrated circuit design rule checking in an RPS environment. An experimental hardware/software RPS environment is constructed around existing RPS hardware; tools are developed to support the design and debugging of large-scale RPS-based DA systems. Maze-routing is the major application of interest; a mapping of maze-routing algorithms onto an RPS pipeline is developed and its complexity analyzed. A progression of increasingly complex, fully functional routers is implemented in the prototype RPS environment to verify feasibility. Large-scale benchmarks and comparisons with software routers show significant speedups. Design rule checking is considered from an algorithmic viewpoint: it is shown that a formalism derived from picture-processing tasks provides an elegant conceptual and notational tool for mapping rules checking onto an RPS pipeline. Hardware implementations of some specifications are analyzed. These studies prove that existing RPS engines can be improved incrementally and gracefully: additional pipeline stages improve execution times. Experiments over a range of pipeline lengths, and extrapolations based on experimental measurements support this claim. From these experiments, detailed performance models and cost/performance metrics are developed, treated analytically, and rigorously optimized. These results are employed to deduce the necessary functionality and tradeoffs to design optimal RPS-structured DA engines.
Measurement of pion, kaon and proton production in proton–proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 7$$ s = 7 TeV (2015)

The measurement of primary [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] production at mid-rapidity ([Formula: see text] 0.5) in proton-proton collisions at [Formula: see text][Formula: see text] 7 TeV performed with a large ion collider experiment at the large hadron collider (LHC) is reported. Particle identification is performed using the specific ionisation energy-loss and time-of-flight information, the ring-imaging Cherenkov technique and the kink-topology identification of weak decays of charged kaons. Transverse momentum spectra are measured from 0.1 up to 3 GeV/[Formula: see text] for pions, from 0.2 up to 6 GeV/[Formula: see text] for kaons and from 0.3 up to 6 GeV/[Formula: see text] for protons. The measured spectra and particle ratios are compared with quantum chromodynamics-inspired models, tuned to reproduce also the earlier measurements performed at the LHC. Furthermore, the integrated particle yields and ratios as well as the average transverse momenta are compared with results at lower collision energies.
Massive transcriptional start site analysis of human genes in hypoxia cells (2009)

Combining our full-length cDNA method and the massively parallel sequencing technology, we developed a simple method to collect precise positional information of transcriptional start sites (TSSs) together with digital information of the gene-expression levels in a high throughput manner. We applied this method to observe gene-expression changes in a colon cancer cell line cultured in normoxic and hypoxic conditions. We generated more than 100 million 36-base TSS-tag sequences and revealed comprehensive features of hypoxia responsive alterations in the transcriptional landscape of the human genome. The features include presence of inducible 'hot regions' in 54 genomic regions, 220 novel hypoxia inducible promoters that may drive non-protein-coding transcripts, 191 hypoxia responsive alternative promoters and detailed views of 120 novel as well as known hypoxia responsive genes. We further analyzed hypoxic response of different cells using additional 60 million TSS-tags and found that the degree of the gene-expression changes were different among cell lines, possibly reflecting cellular robustness against hypoxia. The novel dynamic figure of the human gene transcriptome will deepen our understanding of the transcriptional program of the human genome as well as bringing new insights into the biology of cancer cells in hypoxia.
Enzyme amplification laser fluorimetry (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnzyme amplification laser fluorimetryT. Imasaka and R. N. ZareCite this: Anal. Chem. 1979, 51, 13, 2082–2085Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50049a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50049a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Vertical split-ring resonator based anomalous beam steering with high extinction ratio (2015)

Metasurfaces created artificially with metal nanostructures that are patterned on surfaces of different media have shown to possess "unusual" abilities to manipulate light. Limited by nanofabrication difficulties, so far most reported works have been based on 2D metal structures. We have recently developed an advanced e-beam process that allowed for the deposition of 3D nanostructures, namely vertical split-ring resonators (VSRRs), which opens up another degree of freedom in the metasurface design. Here we explore the functionality of beam steering with phase modulation by tuning only the vertical dimension of the VSRRs and show that anomalous steering reflection of a wide range of angles can be accomplished with high extinction ratio using the finite-difference-time-domain simulation. We also demonstrate that metasurfaces made of 3D VSRRs can be made with roughly half of the footprint compared to that of 2D nano-rods, enabling high density integration of metal nanostructures.
Chromophoric Lewis Base Adducts of Methyltrioxorhenium: Synthesis, Catalysis and Photochemistry (2010)

Abstract A series of chromophoric Lewis base adducts of methyltrioxorhenium (MTO) was examined. The ligands were pyridine derivatives with different size of the aromatic system and variable substituents, thus providing a variation of electronic and steric parameters. The complexes were fully characterised (UV/Vis, IR and NMR spectroscopy, single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and elemental analysis) and their stability constants in dichloromethane were determined by means of UV/Vis spectroscopy. Moreover, this report presents a study of the influence of these N‐donor ligands coordinated to MTO on the catalytic activity of epoxidation of 1‐octene. Each compound was tested twice; in a catalytic reaction under exclusion of light and in daylight. No significant differences in catalytic performance were found. The behaviour of the complexes under irradiation with UV light was investigated by means of 17 O‐NMR and UV/Vis spectroscopy. The herein exposed experiments aimed for probing potential beneficial effects of chromophoric N‐donor ligands in MTO adducts, as they might activate the catalytic system by providing additional energy for weakening bonds that have to be broken during the catalytic cycle.
Response : Optical Triggers of Protein Folding (1996)

Article MetricsDownloadsCitationsNo data available.012AugSepOctNovDecJan970Total6 Months12 MonthsTotal number of downloads for the most recent 6 whole calendar months.
Current-driven asymmetric magnetization switching in perpendicularly magnetized CoFeB/MgO heterostructures (2015)

The flow of in-plane current through ultrathin magnetic heterostructures can cause magnetization switching or domain-wall nucleation owing to bulk and interfacial effects. Within the magnetic layer, the current can create magnetic instabilities via spin transfer torques (STT). At interface(s), spin current generated from the spin Hall effect in a neighboring layer can exert torques, referred to as the spin Hall torques, on the magnetic moments. Here, we study current-induced magnetization switching in perpendicularly magnetized CoFeB/MgO heterostructures with a heavy metal (HM) underlayer. Depending on the thickness of the HM underlayer, we find distinct differences in the in-plane field dependence of the threshold switching current. The STT is likely responsible for the magnetization reversal for the thinner underlayer films whereas the spin Hall torques cause the switching for thicker underlayer films. For the latter, we find differences in the switching current for positive and negative currents and initial magnetization directions. We find that the growth process during the film deposition introduces an anisotropy that breaks the symmetry of the system and causes the asymmetric switching. The presence of such symmetry-breaking anisotropy enables deterministic magnetization switching at zero external fields.
Innovative Circulating Technology Delivers Reduction in Lost Time and Materials While Drilling Depleted Formations (2012)

Abstract Mitigating down time, while curing losses, is a critical part of designing and executing a good well plan. Even when anticipated, the loss of drilling fluids to depleted formations is a costly event resulting in excessive down time for the entire rig as well additional costs in replacing costly drilling fluids. The search for new hydrocarbon reserves increasingly sends us back to proven fields where drilling through depleted zones as become an increasing liability to daily operations. The costly time required to pump multiple activation and deactivation balls down the string makes operating conventional tools tedious and time consuming. A more efficient tool for the placement of lost circulation materials (LCM) that does not require the exorbitant lost time and complicated cycling methods of the current technology has not been available for over a decade. Today, a new tool, utilizing innovative shifting technology, provides unlimited open / close cycles. With this technology, drillers can shift an unlimited number of times and in as little as 5% of the time required by conventional tools. These capabilities result in direct reduction of lost time operating the tool as well as a quantifiable reduction in fluids lost while operating the tool. Simplified operation also makes the tool uniquely easy to operate reducing the potential for user errors that frequently plague existing technology. This paper details how the use of this innovative circulating technology has assisted a major service company in reducing downtime and excessive costs during lost circulation events. The design has proven simpler to operate and has effectively reduced the non-productive time and lost fluid versus operation of conventional circulating subs. Supporting case studies are included to detail the increase in efficiency and reduction in costs.
A novel architecture for resource allocation and task execution among autonomous teams (2003)

We present a novel architecture that supports autonomous planning, resource allocation, and task execution for teams of independent entities operating in dynamic, changing environments. A scalable, distributed network of modular team task descriptions and resource dependencies is created and managed in real time. Initially teams are composed of units possessing resource and/or potential task execution assets. Automatic synthesis techniques are employed to create feasible inter-team links of dependency among tasks and resources. This step provides a framework for goal-directed decision making and task planning by human-managed or cybernetic reasoning systems. New higher level cooperating teams arise as an emergent phenomenon of these processes. The scalability and distributed nature of the architecture allows the network to be dynamically modified as tasks are accomplished, goals shift, and new environmental conditions are encountered. The architecture has a wide range of applications in the areas of logistics, flexible manufacturing, process control, autonomous distributed robotics, economics, or any area in which resources are produced and consumed in the goal-directed execution of tasks.
Pathophysiological pathways in patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation (2021)

In two independent cohorts of patients with HF, the presence of AF was associated with activation of three pathways related to amyloid-beta. These hypothesis-generating results warrant confirmation in future studies.
Autonomous alignment of peg and hole by force/torque measurement for robotic assembly (2016)

In the past years, many methods have been developed for robotic peg-hole-insertion to automate the assembly process. However, many of them are based on the assumption that the peg and hole are well aligned before insertion starts. In practice, if there is a large pose(position/orientation) misalignment, the peg and hole may suffer from a three-point contact condition where the traditional assembly methods cannot work. To deal with this problem, this paper proposes an autonomous alignment method by force/torque measurement before insertion phase. A three-point contact model is built up and the pose misalignment between the peg and hole is estimated by force and geometric analysis. With the estimated values, the robot can autonomously correct the misalignment before applying traditional assembly methods to perform insertions. A series of experiments on a FANUC industrial robot and a H7h7 tolerance peg-hole testbed validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Experimental results show that the robot is able to perform peg-hole-insertion from three-point contact conditions with 96% success rate.
The transcription factor RUNX2 regulates receptor tyrosine kinase expression in melanoma (2016)

Receptor tyrosine kinases-based autocrine loops largely contribute to activate the MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways in melanoma. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in generating these autocrine loops are still largely unknown. In the present study, we examine the role of the transcription factor RUNX2 in the regulation of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) expression in melanoma. We have demonstrated that RUNX2-deficient melanoma cells display a significant decrease in three receptor tyrosine kinases, EGFR, IGF-1R and PDGFRβ. In addition, we found co-expression of RUNX2 and another RTK, AXL, in both melanoma cells and melanoma patient samples. We observed a decrease in phosphoAKT2 (S474) and phosphoAKT (T308) levels when RUNX2 knock down resulted in significant RTK down regulation. Finally, we showed a dramatic up regulation of RUNX2 expression with concomitant up-regulation of EGFR, IGF-1R and AXL in melanoma cells resistant to the BRAF V600E inhibitor PLX4720. Taken together, our results strongly suggest that RUNX2 might be a key player in RTK-based autocrine loops and a mediator of resistance to BRAF V600E inhibitors involving RTK up regulation in melanoma.
Comparison of independent and combined metabolic effects of chronic treatment with ( pGlu ‐Gln)‐ CCK ‐8 and long‐acting GLP ‐1 and GIP mimetics in high fat‐fed mice (2013)

This study highlights the potential of (pGlu-Gln)-CCK-8 alone and in combination with incretin hormones for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Photoperiod induction of fertile oestrus and changes in LH and progesterone concentrations in yearling dairy goats ( Capra hircus ) (1981)

Oestrus and ovulation were induced in a group of 19 yearling dairy goats which had been maintained for 70 days on a 19 h/day photoperiod regimen. Six yearling females, raised under natural photoperiod, served as controls. An intact, light-treated male was introduced to each group 42 days after termination of the artificial lighting. Behavioural, endocrine and kidding observations indicated that 15 of the experimental females (79%) ovulated within 21-30 days after introduction of the male, that 12 (63%) conceived at the induced ovulation, and that 10 (53%) gave birth to live kids, while none of the controls ovulated during this time. The breeding season was advanced between 60 and 80 days. In experimental and control nannies there was a brief, small surge (320 +/- 42 pg/ml) of plasma progesterone which occurred 19.5 days after introduction of the male and which closely preceded oestrus in the nannies that ovulated and at 25 days in control females. Ovulatory surges of LH (to 70 ng/ml plasma) were closely associated with oestrus, and remained above basal levels for 9.0 +/- 0.75 h, in 7 experimental females. Two of 6 control nannies also showed LH surges but they did not ovulate.
Enriching the interactive user experience of open document format (2009)

The typical user experience of office documents is geared to the passive recording of user content creation. In this paper, we describe how to provide more active content within such documents based on elaborating the integration between Open Document Format (ODF) and the W3C standard for rich interactivity and data management in web pages (XForms). This includes assignment of more comprehensive behaviors to single form controls, better control over collections of form controls, readonly and conditional sections of mixed content and form controls, and dynamically repeated sections automatically responsive to data changes, including data obtained from web services invoked during user interaction with the document.