gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extended Sliding in Virtual Reality (2019)

Although precise 3D positioning is not always necessary in virtual environments, it is still an important task for current and future applications of Virtual Reality (VR), including 3D modelling, engineering, and scientific applications. We focus on 3D positioning techniques in immersive environments that use a 6DOF controller as input device and present a new technique that improves 3D positioning performance in VR, in both speed and accuracy. Towards this goal, we adapted an extended sliding technique to VR systems with a controller as input device and compared it with previously presented 3DOF positioning techniques. The results showed that our new Extended VR Sliding technique significantly improved the accuracy for 3D positioning tasks, especially for targets in contact with the scene.
Comparison of Artifacts Generated by Oral MRI Contrast Agents in-vitro (1991)

Jamesschumacher, D. M.D; Stcinbach, G. MSBE; Kcane, S.; Buxton, R B. PhD; Unger, E MD; Mattrey, RF MD.Author Information
A DNA prism: physical principles for optimizing a microfabricated DNA separation device (2003)

Recently, we reported a microfabricated "DNA prism" device that continuously sorts large DNA molecules (61 kilo-base pair to 209 kb) according to size in 15 seconds. In this paper, we develop models to understand and optimize the device. The device's complicated characteristics are explained poorly by a simple model based on the assumption that DNA molecules are fully stretched. Assuming DNA molecules obey Hooke's law, a second model successfully explains the "biphasic" separation characteristics under low fields. Further, the model suggests the use of high fields combined with shorter pulse durations for more linear separation dependence on molecular weight, an advantage which is then confirmed by experiments.
CHARACTERISTICS OF SHIGA TOXIN‐PRODUCING E. COLICAUSING HUS IN AUSTRALIA (2001)

Infection with Shiga toxin‐producing E. coli (STEC) may be asymptomatic or may result in gastroenteritis or hemorrhagic colitis. Haemolytic uraemic syndrome is a rare complication of gastrointestinal infection with STEC seen mainly in children. It is characterised by microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure. In Europe, North America and Japan, STEC O157:H7 is commonly implicated as the cause of HUS. Shigella dysenteriae is frequently implicated in developing communities. Aim To determine the aetiology of HUS in Australia and the type and virulence characteristics of stool pathogens. Methods Active, national surveillance for HUS with monthly reporting by paediatricians. Stool culture, serotyping and virulence characteristics (production of Shiga toxin [Stx] 1 &amp; 2 and enterohaemolysin, and carriage of eae gene) of isolates in specialised laboratories. Results Between July 1994–December 2000, 134 children with HUS were identified (114 with ‘diarrhoea‐associated’ HUS (20 comprised an outbreak) and 20 with ‘atypical’ HUS. Of 114 cases with gastrointestinal symptoms, 59 were male, mean (SD) age 50 (43) months, range 2–169 months (71% &lt; 5 years). All had anaemia and acute renal failure. Symptoms included diarrhoea (96%), bloody diarrhoea (47%), and vomiting 78%. Stool +/or sera were received from 74 (65%) STEC serotypes from 44 cases included O111:H‐ (26), O113:H21 (5), O157:H‐ (2), O157:H? (2), and one each of O26:H‐, O111:H8, O76:H7, O15:H‐, O130:H11, O1:H7, OR:H9, ONT:H7, ONT:H‐. The most common isolate was O111:H‐, which also caused the outbreak. All O111:H‐ produced Stx1, Stx2 and enterohaemolysin and carried eae . Other isolates had ≥1 but not all these virulence characteristics. Conclusions A heterogeneous group of STEC was associated with HUS in Australia and differs from that described elsewhere. In particular, STEC O111:H‐ predominated and no STEC O157:H7 was isolated. These findings have implications for laboratory diagnosis and epidemiological tracing of STEC‐associated infections.
Factors affecting cellular tropism of human immunodeficiency virus (1990)

To evaluate the basis of the slow growth of many human immunodeficiency virus strains in monocytes/macrophages, various stages of the virus life cycle have been studied for their possible contribution to viral tropism. Although we found that monocytic U937 cells had a higher percentage of CD4-positive cells than T-lymphoid H9 cells, the human immunodeficiency virus strain grew much less efficiently in the monocytic line. Viral tropism was primarily determined during the early stages of the virus cycle, that is, sometime between binding of the virus to the cell surface and reverse transcription of viral genomic RNA. Once the virus entered the host cell, reverse transcription, use of the long terminal repeat, RNA expression, and production of virus particles was about as efficient in monocytes as in T cells. Thus, during viral entry into the host cell cytoplasm there is a major limiting event that is particularly inefficient in U937 cells and possibly in all monocytes/macrophages.
262: KI-67: A Potential Prognostic Biomarker for PSA Recurrence? (2006)

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: One of the main therapy options for prostate cancer is a combination of high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy and percutaneous radiation or percutaneous radiation as a monotherapy. Urologists and radiologists rarely register the proctological complications. In this study we present long-term follow-up proctological complications observed in a proctological practice.
Vaccine therapy with tumor specific mutated VHL peptides in adult cancer patients with renal cell carcinoma (2004)

2589 Background: Chemotherapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma is ineffective. Although Interferon α and IL-2 have been used with some success, there is a long way to go to achieve satisfactory results. Despite the success of local treatment in early disease, the overall survival is around 50%. Therefore, the development of another therapeutic approach is needed. Human cancers are commonly associated with mutations in oncogenes. These mutated genes produce proteins that are unique to cancer cells. The von Hipple-Lindau (VHL) gene was found to be mutated in 57% of sporadic renal cell carcinomas. 40 - 90% of these mutations are frame shift, 90% of the rest of the mutations are mis-sense point mutations, and very few are nonsense or stop mutations. Novel mutant proteins are processed and displayed as short peptides through HLA molecules on the tumor cell surface. Thus, mutant VHL protein can be an attractive vaccine therapy target. Methods: : In previous clinical trials, vaccination with peptide spanning the patient's mutations in Ras and P53 produced specific immunological responses. Specific lymphocytes, whetherCD4+ or CD8+, were generated that specifically recognized the mutant peptide with which the patient was vaccinated. On this trial, we treated 5 patients with advanced renal carcinoma with 1000 μg of the corresponding mutant VHL peptide mixed with Montanide ISA-51 adjuvant subcutaneously (SQ). Vaccine cycles were repeated every 4 weeks for a total of four vaccinations. Results: No grade 3 or grade 4 toxicities occurred. Grade I-II toxicities resolved spontaneously. Three of five patients showed evidence of lack of progression after four vaccinations (2 ms, 4 ms, 5.5 ms, 8.5ms+, 25ms+) and continued to receive additional vaccinations. Two patients started the vaccinations NED (no evidence of disease) and remained NED. For the first time, specific immunological responses for the mutant VHL peptides have been demonstrated by Elispot assay. Conclusions: We believe that this treatment may form a potentially promising approach in combination with other therapeutic modalities in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Quantitative Analysis of the Immune Response to Mouse Non-MHC Transplantation Antigens In Vivo: The H60 Histocompatibility Antigen Dominates Over All Others (2001)

Minor histocompatibility Ags (minor H Ags) are substantial impediments to MHC-matched solid tissue and bone marrow transplantation. From an antigenic standpoint, transplantation between MHC-matched individuals has the potential to be remarkably complex. To determine the extent to which the immune response is simplified by the phenomenon of immunodominance, we used peptide/MHC tetramers based on recently discovered minor H Ags (H60, H13, and HY) and monitored in vivo CD8 T cell responses of female C57BL/6 mice primed with MHC-matched, but background-disparate, male BALB.B cells. CD8 T cells against H60 overwhelmed responses to the H13 and HY throughout primary and secondary challenge. H60 immunodominance was an inherent quality, overcoming a lower memory precursor frequency compared with that of H13 and evoking a T cell response with diverse TCRV beta usage. IFN-gamma staining examining congenically defined minor H Ags extended H60 dominance over additional minor H Ags, H28, H4, and H7. These four minor H Ags accounted for up to 85% of the CD8 T cell response, but H60 stood out as the major contributor. These findings show that immunodominance applies to antigenically complex transplantation settings in vivo and that the responses to the H60 minor H Ag dominates in this model. We suggest that immunodominant minor H Ags are those that result from the absence of a self analog.
Dendritic cells at the end of the Millennium (1999)

We have recently proposed a dual role for dendritic cells (DC) in the amplification of innate immune responses and in the activation of adaptive immune responses. The DC are localized along the major routes of entry of micro-organisms, where they perform a sentinel function for incoming pathogens. Soon after interaction with appropriate stimuli, DC undergo a coordinated process of maturation and respond to danger signals by re- programming their functions. The DC first regulate leucocyte recruitment at the site of inflammation, through the production of chemokines, inflammatory cytokines and interferons, and then they acquire migratory properties and undergo a rapid switch in chemokine receptor expression. This allows them to leave the inflamed tissue and to reach the lymph node T cell area. During this migration, DC complete their maturation process and acquire the ability to prime T cell responses. Thus, DC bridge innate and adaptive immunity.
Aerodynamic Design and Prototype Testing of a New Line of High Efficiency, High Pressure, 50% Reaction Steam Turbines (2007)

The aerodynamic design and prototype performance testing of a new line of high efficiency, high pressure (HP), 50% reaction steam turbines is described in some detail. Three designs were carried out that can be used in a repeating stage fashion to form high efficiency steam paths. The designs were performed employing a blade master concept. The masters can be aerodynamically scaled and cut to cover a wide range of applications while maintaining vector diagram integrity. Three equivalent prototype flow paths, one each for Gen 0, 1 and 2, masters were designed and tested in a Steam Turbine Test Vehicle (STTV). These prototype designs are representative of high pressure steam turbines for combined cycle power plants. Design of experiments is used to optimize the flow path, stage counts and diameters for production designs taking into account multidisciplinary design constraints. Four such Gen 1 steam path designs have been executed to date as part of a structured series of combined cycle power plants. [1-5] There are two A14 HEAT* (High Efficiency Advanced Technology) steam turbine HP flow paths for GE’s 107FA combined cycle power plants and two A15 HEAT HP flow paths for the 109FB. The larger of the A14 HEAT steam turbine HP’s has recently been performance tested at a customer site demonstrating world class efficiency levels of over 90% for this low volume flow combined cycle turbine [1]. HP volume flows are likely to drop even lower in the future with the need to go to higher steam inlet pressure for combined cycle efficiency improvements so steam path designs with high efficiency at low volume flow will be increasingly important.
Silicon Photonics: An Introduction (2004)

About the Authors.Foreword.Acknowledgements.1. Fundamentals.2. The Basics of Guided Waves.3. Characteristics of Optical Fibres for Communications.4. Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) Photonics.5. Fabrication of Silicon Waveguide Devices.6. A Selection of Photonic Devices.7. Polarisation-dependent Losses: Issues for Consideration.8. Prospects for Silicon Light-emitting Devices.Index.
Considerations in the study of ground-water-flow systems in fractured crystalline rock of the New England Uplands (1993)

Bulk-fluid flow processes in crystalline rock of the New England Uplands were evaluated by use of cross-sectional, finite-difference, steady-state models of ground-water flow. These models are based on a generalized landscape within the study area; sensitivity tests were done to identify factors controlling flow, such as variations in horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity of the bedrock and overlying glacial drift and small topographic alterations of the generalized landscape. These changes cause large variations in patterns of bedrock recharge from the drift. Applied recharge was automatically adjusted when heads rose near land surface. Crystalline-rock aquifers in hilly and mountainous terrains of New England are characterized by ground-water-flow systems with steep hydraulic gradients and shallow water-table depths under hilltops and summits because of the low bulk permeability of the rock. Flow systems in these setting are highly sensitive to topographic irregularities, which alter the water-table slope. The low bulk permeability of the rock results in flow patterns that are insensitive to variations in saturated thickness because hydraulic conductivity and, hence, transmissivity generally are low. Bedrock heterogeneity can cause significant variations in patterns of bedrock recharge. Trends in bulk rock permeability may be detected by mapping regional inflection points between bedrock recharge andmore » discharge areas. Differences in permeability between the bedrock and overlying glacial drift of 1:100 can affect rates of bedrock recharge and discharge; thus, it is important to identify these conditions.« less
VibRein (2015)

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have paved a new wave in the education world. Rich multimedia content coupled with mobile delivery mechanisms makes the content always available and engaging. This paper proposes VibRein to enrich the student interaction with multimedia learning content by making use of different sensors that are available on a mobile device to create an intelligent video consumption experience. VibRein as a companion is even more effective for students with intellectual disabilities who require some form of continuous supervision. It provides an assistive mechanism that keeps track of the user attention using the device camera (this can be particularly useful for students with attention disorder), and uses haptic feedback to recapture attention. In course of the video consumption, VibRein evaluates the learning by asking questions about the content in the video, and automatically force-rewinds to the location where the concept was explained if the user answers incorrectly. It uses tilt in four directions for response to questions, since touch, as a modality on mobile devices requires fine motor skills. An evaluation with 18 users with intellectual disabilities of various kind (autism, intellectual disability and attention deficit hyperactive disorder) suggests that VibRein can provide better learning with less intervention.
Is anyone out there? (2014)

In addition to posting news and status updates, many Twitter users post questions that seek various types of subjective and objective information. These questions are often labeled with 'Q&A' hashtags, such as #lazyweb or #twoogle. We surveyed Twitter users and found they employ these Q&A hashtags both as a topical signifier (this tweet needs an answer!) and to reach out to those beyond their immediate followers (a community of helpful tweeters who monitor the hashtag). However, our log analysis of thousands of hashtagged Q&A exchanges reveals that nearly all replies to hashtagged questions come from a user's immediate follower network, contradicting users' beliefs that they are tapping into a larger community by tagging their question tweets. This finding has implications for designing next-generation social search systems that reach and engage a wide audience of answerers.
A bedr way of genomic interval processing (2016)

bedr package provides an open source solution to enable genomic interval data manipulation and restructuring in R programming language which is commonly used in bioinformatics, and therefore would be useful to bioinformaticians and genomic researchers.
Mechanism of cellular detachment caused by frequency sweep vibration (2019)

Nowadays, innovative therapies for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have been created and a large number of cells with high viability are cultured for these therapies. In the cell detachment method with common protein-degrading enzymes, the cell membranes are damaged at the detachment. On the other hand, the cell detachment method with ultrasonic vibration can detach without damage of cell membranes. For instance, the adherent cells on the culture dish are detached from the bottom of the dish by using sweep vibration without enzymes. The deformation of the culture dish, the acoustic streaming-driven shear flow, the acoustic pressure on a boundary of different materials having different acoustic impedance, and the sloshing of the liquid are candidates for detachment factor. However, details of the dominant conditions for cell detachment are not obvious. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the effects of each factor on cell detachment from experiments and theory. As results, the deformation of the culture dish or the acoustic streaming-driven shear flow does not have sufficient force to detach the cells, while the pressure between the different acoustic impedance and the sloshing of the liquid are sufficient to detach the cells from reference. That is, these results indicate that the different acoustic impedance and the sloshing of the liquid are dominant factors for cell detachment with ultrasonic vibration.
Machine-Learning-Based Error Detection and Design Optimization in Signal Integrity Applications (2019)

Evaluating the robustness of integrated circuits (ICs) against noise and disturbances is of crucial importance in signal integrity (SI) applications. In this paper, the addressed challenge is to build a software-based framework allowing for automated detection of failures and fast simulation-based evaluation of designs. In particular, these tasks are here addressed using anomaly detection (AD), a branch of machine learning (ML) techniques focused on identifying erroneous or deviant data. In the proposed framework, the ML model only requires the time-domain waveforms and no additional knowledge about the circuit nor about the errors to be identified. Specifically, a two-step approach to detect anomalous behaviors in output waveforms of digital ICs is proposed, comprising a first phase where the ML models are trained to learn relevant features describing the data and a second one where those features are used to identify anomalies with unsupervised or semisupervised AD techniques. Two relevant application examples validate the performance and flexibility of the proposed method.
Tutorial CIDM-T Temporal pattern mining in symbolic time point and time interval data (2009)

We present a unifying view of temporal concepts and data models in order to categorize existing approaches for unsupervised pattern mining from symbolic temporal data. We distinguish time point-based methods and interval-based methods as well as univariate and multivariate methods. For each of the main categories we present an algorithm and experimental results in detail. For time points, sequential pattern mining algorithms can be used to express equality and order of time points with gaps in multivariate data. Recently, efficient algorithms have been proposed to mine the more general concept of partial order from time points. For time interval data with precise start and end points the relations of Allen can be used to formulate patterns. The recently proposed Time Series Knowledge Representation is more robust on noisy data and offers an alternative semantic that avoids ambiguity and is more expressive. The overall goal of the tutorial is to show the audience which temporal data models can be used to represent observations of dynamic processes and how patterns can be mined from them.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a Taxinine Analogue via the Intramolecular Diels‐Alder Cycloaddition. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Chemical synthesis of peptides within the insulin superfamily (2016)

The synthesis of insulin has inspired fundamental advances in the art of peptide science while simultaneously revealing the structure-function relationship of this centrally important metabolic hormone. This review highlights milestones in the chemical synthesis of insulin that can be divided into two separate approaches: (i) disulfide bond formation driven by protein folding and (ii) chemical reactivity-directed sequential disulfide bond formation. Common to the two approaches are the persistent challenges presented by the hydrophobic nature of the individual A-chain and B-chain and the need for selective disulfide formation under mildly oxidative conditions. The extension and elaboration of these synthetic approaches have been ongoing within the broader insulin superfamily. These structurally similar peptides include the insulin-like growth factors and also the related peptides such as relaxin that signal through G-protein-coupled receptors. After a half-century of advances in insulin chemistry, we have reached a point where synthesis is no longer limiting structural and biological investigation within this family of peptide hormones. The future will increasingly focus on the refinement of structure to meet medicinal purposes that have long been pursued, such as the development of a glucose-sensitive insulin. Copyright © 2016 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A comparative study on the clinical effects of flunitrazepam and lorazepam. (1980)

The clinical effects of flunitrazepam and lorazepam as oral premedicants were tested in a double-blind study in 81 gynaecological patients. Flunitrazepam showed a higher sedative effect (p < 0.05), but in regard to other parameters tested, no significant differences were found (sleep, apprehension, excitement, dizziness, emetic effect, headache, increase or decrease in systolic blood pressure, increase in pulse rate, venipuncture). In 9 per cent of the patients treated with lorazepam, a prominent muscular relaxation with slurred speech was observed, but in none of the cases treated with flunitrazepam. Our results support the earlier claims of flunitrazepam's relatively specific sedative property, but on the whole the difference in the clinical effects of these benzodiazepine derivatives is not marked.