gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of Embedded Three-Dimensional 35-nF/mm$^{2}$ MIM Capacitor and BiCMOS Circuits Characterization (2007)

This paper summarizes the electrical characterization of MIM capacitor realized in three dimensions. Manufacturing of the device is described, as well as an electrical comparison of three dielectrics, Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> , Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> , Ta <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> and two deposition methods, metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) and atomic layer deposition (ALD). Selecting Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> deposited by ALD, high density of 35 nF/mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> is obtained with low leakage current. Statistical measurements put forward the industrial robustness of the device integrated in BiCMOS technology. Three circuits embedding this new device are characterized: a high-pass filter, a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), and a phase-locked loop (PLL). They demonstrate excellent performances with significant area and assembly costs savings.
Effect of Insulin with Other Hypoglycemic Agents and Multivitamin Consumption on Diabetes Progression (2023)

The aim of this study was to assess the long-term effect of insulin administration (3 years) with other hypoglycemic agents (OHA) and multivitamins (MV) on the glycemic index and diabetic progression. An equal number of male and female (n = 11/group) subjects who had diabetes for more than 5 years were selected and enrolled in this study. All subjects were consuming multivitamins with three hypoglycemic drugs (a combination of metformin, Glimepiride and Voglibase) only or with insulin divided into groups. Blood samples were collected, and clinical analyses were performed to determine fasting (FBS), postprandial blood glucose (PPBS), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and body mass index (BMI). Each parameter was analyzed for pre and post-study periods to determine the changes during the study period, and a gender-based analysis was also performed to examine the effects on a gender basis. Though we observed an increasing trend in FBS, and HbA1c levels in both groups compared to their basal (pre-study) levels, these changes were not significant. There was no change in PPBS at baseline as well as post-study. BMI was not changed significantly compared to its baseline, BMI was significantly (P<0.05) changed in both the groups of female participants only due to the higher dysglycemia risk in South Asian women. From these results, we concluded that long-term insulin administration with MV and OHA has less effect on controlling the glycemic index in subjects with chronic diabetes. However, our results warrant a long-term and large-scale randomized study.
The nitrogen absorption of arc-melted iron and stainless steel. (1987)

Effects of melting conditions and atmospheres on the nitrogen absorption of tungsten arc-melted iron and stainless steel were studied. With the increase of the arc current, the nitrogen content of the melted stainless steel decreases, while that of the melted iron is nearly constant. In both of the two melted metals, the nitrogen content depends hardly on the specimen weight and the gas flow rate. In each of them, the nitrogen content increases with the melting time and then reaches the saturated value which increases with the nitrogen partial pressure of atmosphere. The nitrogen absorption of the arc-melted metal was discussed with equilibrium data and was compared with the gas tungsten arc weld metal.
Case 25-2004 (2004)

A 49-year-old woman was evaluated for weight-loss surgery. She had been obese since late childhood, and her current body-mass index was 52. She had been unable to maintain weight loss by dieting and had both diabetes and hypertension. The multidisciplinary team discusses the surgical management of obesity.
Storage-based Intrusion Detection: Watching Storage Activity For Suspicious Behavior (CMU-CS-02-179) (2018)

Storage-based intrusion detection allows storage systems to watch for data modifications characteristic of system in-trusions. This enables storage systems to spot several common intruder actions, such as adding backdoors, inserting Trojan horses, and tampering with audit logs. Further, an intrusion detection system (IDS) embedded in a storage device continues to operate even after client systems are compromised. This paper describes a number of specific warning signs visible at the storage interface. Examination of 18 real intrusion tools reveals that most (15) can be detected based on their changes to stored files. We describe and evaluate a prototype storage IDS, embedded in an NFS server, to demonstrate both feasibility and efficiency of storage-based intrusion detection. In particular, both the performance overhead and memory required (152 KB for 4730 rules) are minimal.
Distributed queueing games in interference-limited wireless networks (2013)

We study distributed queueing games in interference-limited ad-hoc wireless networks. We formulate system design as a Nash Equilibrium (NE) problem, where the users aim at maximizing their own throughput by choosing the optimal transmission threshold. We first derive conditions for the existence and uniqueness of the NE; then we propose a distributed best-response algorithm solving the game along with its convergence properties. A second contribution of the paper is to develop a Branch and Bound-based (centralized) algorithm solving the associated (nonconvex) social problem, which one can use as benchmark to evaluate the performance of the proposed game theoretical formulation. Interestingly, our numerical results show that the sum-throughput achievable at the NE of the proposed game are very close to that of the social problem, which validates our game theoretical formulation. The performance loss is not negligible only in high interference scenarios. For such cases, we proposed a pricing-based algorithm yielding sum-throughput solutions very close to the globally optimal ones, at the cost of very limited signaling among the users.
Three-Component, One-pot Procedure for α-Chiral Amine Synthesis (2006)

This one-pot process afforded chiral α-amine hydrochlorides in excellent enantio­selectivities and moderate to excellent yields from an aldehyde, diphenylphosphinoylamide, and excess dialkylzinc. This protocol should ­replace the previously described three-step reaction including imine formation, enantioselective nucleophilic addition, and deprotection. A one-step process that can potentially be adapted to combinatorial techniques is now available. A number of aldehydes including different electronic and steric properties are tolerated using catalytic amounts of BozPHOS·CuOTf complex. Two commercially available dialkylzinc reagents (Et2Zn and Me2Zn) were used, the latter yielding to poorer yield and slightly lower enantioselectivities.
Anisotropic light scattering of individual sickle red blood cells (2012)

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Strategies for Auditory Display of Social Media (2018)

Social media is an overwhelmingly visual medium, and we ask the simple question: How can the data and images of social media posts be transformed into something as meaningful and vivid in the auditory sense? Such a design would be useful for eyes-free browsing and could enhance the existing visual media. Our strategy first uses artificial intelligence systems to transform low-level input data into high-level sociocultural features. These features are then conveyed using a multifactored temporal design that uses speech, sonification, auditory scenes, and music.
Sparse RF Lens Antenna Array Design for AoA Estimation in Wideband Systems: Placement Optimization and Performance Analysis (2023)

In this paper, we propose a novel architecture for a lens antenna array (LAA) designed to work with a small number of antennas and enable angle-of-arrival (AoA) estimation for advanced 5G vehicle-to-everything (V2X) use cases that demand wider bandwidths and higher data rates. We derive a received signal in terms of optical analysis to consider the variability of the focal region for different carrier frequencies in a wideband multi-carrier system. By taking full advantage of the beam squint effect for multiple pilot signals with different frequencies, we propose a novel reconfiguration of antenna array (RAA) for the sparse LAA and a max-energy antenna selection (MS) algorithm for the AoA estimation. In addition, this paper presents an analysis of the received power at the single antenna with the maximum energy and compares it to simulation results. In contrast to previous studies on LAA that assumed a large number of antennas, which can require high complexity and hardware costs, the proposed RAA with MS estimation algorithm is shown meets the requirements of 5G V2X in a vehicular environment while utilizing limited RF hardware and has low complexity.
Effect of electron launcher structures on AlAs/GaAs double barrier resonant tunneling diodes (1993)

We have studied experimentally the effect of several electron launcher structures on AlAs/GaAs double barrier resonant diodes (RTDs). The experimental results show that a linearly graded AlGaAs launcher structure improves the tunneling current by presumably removing the hump in the conduction band caused by the space charges near the n-i junction in the spacer layer. Peak current densities as high as 170 kA/cm2 with a peak-to-valley current ratio of 3.2 were obtained from these graded launcher RTDs. Compared with the conventional RTD, the graded launcher gives a 50% improvement in the peak current density while reducing the peak-current voltage by 40% and maintaining a similar peak-to-valley current ratio.
A Dual-Mode Dual-Standard Low-Noise Amplifier for DCS1800/W-CDMA Applications (2006)

International audience
ChemInform Abstract: A DIASTEREOSPECIFIC, NON‐RACEMIC SYNTHESIS OF A NOVEL β‐HYDROXY‐Δ‐LACTONE HMG‐COA REDUCTASE INHIBITOR (1985)

Abstract Ausgehend von dem Dimethylanilin (I) erhält man über mehrere Stufen den Cyanhydrinether (ll).
Selective Reduction of Peptide Isothiazolidin-3-ones (2006)

Isothiazolidinones are a rare but potentially important chemical moiety in biochemistry. We report the identification of several thiol, phosphinate, and carbon nucleophiles that form covalent adducts by addition to the sulfenamide sulfur. This reduction is selective for isothiazolidinones over similar peptide disulfides. We synthesized a coumarin-based thioacid nucleophile which shows a marked fluorescence increase after addition to an isothiazolidinone sulfenamide bond. [structure: see text]
Synthesis and Bioactivity of Sol–Gel Derived Porous, Bioactive Glass Microspheres Using Chitosan as Novel Biomolecular Template (2011)

This article reports a novel, simple route for synthesis of sol–gel derived porous, bioactive glass ( BG ) microspheres using chitosan ( CTS ) as a biomolecular template in the acid‐catalyzed sol–gel process. The use of CTS , which is a natural biocompatible polymer with a unique molecular structure, allowed the synthesis of BG microparticles with a spherical shape, 5–10 μm in size. Furthermore, pores with a size of 5–40 nm were created entirely throughout BG microspheres, which were formed by removing the network of CTS present initially in the CTS‐BG composite microparticles via heat‐treatment at 600°C for 2 h. These porous BG microspheres induced the vigorous precipitation of apatite crystals on their surface when immersed in simulated body fluid for 24 h, thus suggesting their excellent bioactivity .
ERBB4 Promoter Polymorphism Is Associated with Poor Distant Disease-Free Survival in High-Risk Early Breast Cancer (2014)

A number of genetic variants have been linked to increased risk of breast cancer. Little is, however, known about the prognostic significance of hereditary factors. Here, we investigated the frequency and prognostic significance of two ERBB4 promoter region variants, -782G>T (rs62626348) and -815A>T (rs62626347), in a cohort of 1010 breast cancer patients. The frequency of nine previously described somatic ERBB4 kinase domain mutations was also analyzed. Clinical material used in the study consisted of samples from the phase III, adjuvant, FinHer breast cancer trial involving 1010 women. Tumor DNA samples were genotyped for ERBB4 variants and somatic mutations using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time of flight mass spectrometry. Paraffin-embedded tumor sections from all patients were immunohistochemically stained for ErbB4 expression. Association of ERBB4 genotype to distant disease-free survival (DDFS) was assessed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. Genotyping was successful for 91-93% of the 1010 samples. Frequencies observed for the ERBB4 variants were 2.5% and 1.3% for -782G>T and -815A>T, respectively. Variant -815A>T was significantly associated with poor survival (HR = 2.86 [95% CI 1.15-6.67], P = 0.017). In contrast, variant -782G>T was associated with well-differentiated cancer (P = 0.019). Two (0.2%) ERBB4 kinase domain mutations were found, both of which have previously been shown to be functional and promote cancer cell growth in vitro. These data present the germ-line ERBB4 variant -815A>T as a novel prognostic marker in high-risk early breast cancer and indicate the presence of rare but potentially oncogenic somatic ERBB4 mutations in breast cancer.
FABRICATION OF ATOM TRAPPING CHIPS WITH FEEDTHROUGH INTERCONNECTS FOR APPLICATIONS IN ATOM OPTICS (2008)

This paper presents a new method to fabricate the feedthrough vias in atom trapping chips used in ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) atom-optics cells for Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) experiments. A process was developed which uses silicon nitride thin film and copper electroplating to seal the vias. The atom trapping chips offer simple microfabrication and reduced volume of the atom trapping cell. The results demonstrate that 8 Amps current can be conducted through the vias while the vacuum can be held under 4x10 -11 Torr at room temperature. The via fabrication yield after anodic bonding (425 C) is 97%, a considerable change over our prior results of 30% using a different process
First-principles Landau-like potential for BiFeO3 and related materials (2022)

In this paper, we introduce the simplest, lowest-order Landau-like potential for ${\mathrm{BiFeO}}_{3}$ and La-doped ${\mathrm{BiFeO}}_{3}$ as an expansion around the paraelectric cubic phase in powers of polarization, ${\mathrm{FeO}}_{6}$ octahedral rotations, and strains. We present an analytical approach for computing the model parameters from density-functional theory. We illustrate our approach by computing the potentials for ${\mathrm{BiFeO}}_{3}$ and ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.25}{\mathrm{Bi}}_{0.75}{\mathrm{FeO}}_{3}$ and show that, overall, we are able to capture the first-principles results accurately, including properties that were not considered for the calculation of the model parameters. The computed models allow us to identify and explain the main interactions controlling the relative stability of the competing low-energy phases of these compounds.
Preclinical profile of JNJ-7706621: A dual cyclin dependent kinase and aurora kinase inhibitor (2006)

4900 The cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) and the Aurora kinases play key roles in cell cycle progression and cell division. The CDKs regulate passage through the cell cycle and the Aurora kinases control chromosome movement and organization during mitosis. These kinases are frequently overexpressed and amplified in many human tumors. Therefore, small molecule inhibitors of CDK or Aurora activity that control aberrant cell cycle regulation may be a therapeutic strategy applicable to a wide range of tumor types. JNJ-7706621, a novel 3,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazole, is a potent inhibitor of both the CDKs and the Aurora kinases. This compound blocked proliferation of cancer cells regardless of their p53, retinoblastoma or P-glycoprotein status and induced cell death by activating apoptosis. JNJ-7706621 was about 10 fold less effective at inhibiting proliferation of normal cells. Flow cytometric analysis of DNA content in human tumor cells showed that JNJ-7706621 delayed progression through G1 and arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase. JNJ-7706621 also decreased CDK1 kinase activity, altered CDK1 phosphorylation status and blocked signaling to downstream substrates of CDKs. Additional cellular effects including endoreduplication and reduced histone H3 phosphorylation were also observed due to inhibition of Aurora kinase. JNJ-7706621 demonstrated significant inhibition of tumor growth in a variety of tumor types in nude mice xenograft models. These results show the therapeutic potential of this novel cell cycle inhibitor and support clinical evaluation of JNJ-7706621.
Imidazothiazole Derivatives Exhibited Potent Effects against Brain-Eating Amoebae (2022)

<i>Naegleria fowleri (N. fowleri)</i> is a free-living, unicellular, opportunistic protist responsible for the fatal central nervous system infection, primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). Given the increase in temperatures due to global warming and climate change, it is estimated that the cases of PAM are on the rise. However, there is a current lack of awareness and effective drugs, meaning there is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic drugs. In this study, the target compounds were synthesized and tested for their anti-amoebic properties against <i>N. fowleri.</i> Most compounds exhibited significant amoebicidal effects against <i>N. fowleri</i>; for example, <b>1h</b>, <b>1j</b>, and <b>1q</b> reduced <i>N. fowleri's</i> viability to 15.14%, 17.45% and 28.78%, respectively. Furthermore, the majority of the compounds showed reductions in amoeba-mediated host death. Of interest are the compounds <b>1f</b>, <b>1k</b>, and <b>1v</b>, as they were capable of reducing the amoeba-mediated host cell death to 52.3%, 51%, and 56.9% from 100%, respectively. Additionally, these compounds exhibit amoebicidal properties as well; they were found to decrease <i>N. fowleri's</i> viability to 26.41%, 27.39%, and 24.13% from 100%, respectively. Moreover, the MIC<sub>50</sub> values for <b>1e</b>, <b>1f</b>, and <b>1h</b> were determined to be 48.45 µM, 60.87 µM, and 50.96 µM, respectively. Additionally, the majority of compounds were found to exhibit limited cytotoxicity, except for <b>1l</b>, <b>1o</b>, <b>1p</b>, <b>1m</b>, <b>1c</b>, <b>1b</b>, <b>1zb</b>, <b>1z</b>, <b>1y</b>, and <b>1x</b>, which exhibited negligible toxicity. It is anticipated that these compounds may be developed further as effective treatments against these devastating infections due to brain-eating amoebae.
Syntheses of 6‐Sulfo Sialyl Lewis X Glycans Corresponding to the L‐Selectin Ligand “Sulfoadhesin”. (2004)

Divergent syntheses of sulfated sialyl Lewis X oligosaccharides corresponding to the core 1 and core 6 branches of the l-selectin ligand are\nreported. These synthetic targets incorporate a selectively protected serine residue at the reducing terminus, providing a functional handle for\nfurther conjugation.
Tutorial 1: Integrated Biosensors (2007)

We will present the design and implementation of monolithic and hybrid sensors using integrated circuits, particularly in CMOS. We will begin by providing the definitions and performance metrics of sensors and a brief overview of various noise processes. Subsequently, we will discuss the advantages and shortcomings of sensors built in silicon-based fabrication processes and examine, in detail, their integrated circuit topologies. Next, we will provide a comprehensive study of the design and analysis of CMOS integrated image sensors, integrated biosensors, and electronic backbone of MEMS hybrid sensors. Topics include: silicon photodetectors; CCD and CMOS sensor architectures and circuits; Affinity-based detection and biochemical transduction; optical, electrochemical, and mechanical transducer design; integrated microarrays, biochips, and sensor SoCs. We will conclude with a survey of advanced research topics in the area of integrated sensors such as smart sensors, RF-IDs, and nanosensors.
Plasmonic Refractive Index Sensor Based on Resonant System with Two Plasmonic Waveguides, Two Rings and Two Cavities (2021)

In this research, we seek to design and numerically evaluate a refractive index sensor based on the resonant system with metal insulating waveguide (MIM) that includes a wide range of wavelengths. To design the structure of this sensor, we use two rings with different dimensions and two cavities and two plasmonic waveguides. The resonant wavelengths and the refractive index of the resonators have been studied and simulated by the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method, which directly obtains the Maxwell equations by proper separation in the two time and space domains (But all the diagrams in this article are obtained using MATLAB). We send an electromagnetic wave to the structure of the sensor we have designed to analyze the field distributions and the spectral response of the structural parameters. When the field distribution is in the same structure, the energy loss is reduced. To achieve the maximum field distribution in the structure, all dimensions must be optimal. Intensification of the surface plasmon at the boundary between a metal surface and the dielectric material (sensor structure and waveguides) will increase the electric field strength and correct the sensor performance. Nanoparticle surface plasmon resonance depends on five factors: size, shape, nanoparticle composition, particle distance, and refractive index of the nanoparticle environment. These five factors affect the wavelength and intensity of the peak. To measure sensor performance, it calculates factors such as resolution, transmission efficiency, adjustable range of wavelengths, S sensitivity coefficient, FOM, Q quality factor and quality factor and width factor at half maximum value (FWHM). To achieve a functional plasmonic sensor. This sensor is suitable for use in fully integrated circuits as well as for the detection of chemical, biological and biological materials due to its high resolution accuracy, low size, high FOM value and high sensitivity coefficient.