gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Race‐specific WBC and neutrophil count reference intervals (2010)

Healthy African Americans are known to have reduced white blood cell counts (WBC) and absolute neutrophil counts (ANC) compared with European Americans, with little agreement about the levels in reference intervals. The objective is to establish race-specific reference intervals for WBC and ANC using US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of 2000-2003. A total of 14,184 civilian noninstitutionalized US citizens participated in NHANES 2000-2003 had complete blood count, red cell distribution width, platelet count and automated WBC differential determined on a Coulter MAXM. The exclusion criteria were used: ferritin <12 ng/ml, pregnancy, body mass index >30, diastolic blood pressure >100 mm Hg, creatinine >2.5 mg/dl, glucose >126 mg/dl. Data were separated into six sex/race categories: female non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black (NHBF)], Mexican American; male non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black (NHBM), Mexican American and two age groupings (12-18 and >18 years). NHB 2.5-97.5 percentile WBC and (ANC) limits follow (units: × 10⁹ /l): NHBM, ages 12-18: 3.2-9.3 (1.0-6.2); NHBF, ages 12-18: 3.7-10.1 (1.2-6.6); adult NHBM: 3.1-9.9 (1.3-6.6); adult NHBF: 3.4-11 (1.4-7.5). NHB limits are significantly lower than the NHW and MA limits. In most US healthcare organizations, insufficient agreement exists because of large differences in reference intervals for different ethnicities. In areas with peoples of African descent (>10--20%), race-specific WBC and ANC reference intervals must be provided for proper diagnosis and clinical research.
Radiation effects on quantum dot enhanced solar cells (2012)

Radiation tolerance of quantum dot (QD) enhanced solar cells has been measured and modeled. GaAs solar cells enhanced with 10, 20, 40, 60, and 100X layers of strain compensated QDs are compared to baseline devices without QDs. Radiation resistance of the QD layers is higher than the bulk material. Increasing the number of QD layers does not lead to a systematic decrease in QD response throughout the course of radiation exposure. Additionally, InGaP/(In)GaAs/Ge triple junction solar cells with and without 10 layers of strain compensated QDs in the (In)GaAs triple junction solar cells are analyzed. Triple junction solar cells with QDs have a better resistance to Voc degradation but these samples have a degradation in Isc that leads to lower radiation resistance for power output.
A Matched-filter based method in the Synthetic Aperture Radar Images\n Using FMCW radar (2021)

The stretch processing architecture is commonly used for frequency modulated\ncontinuous wave (FMCW) radar due to its inexpensive hardware, low sampling\nrate, and simple architecture. However, the stretch processing architecture is\nnot able to achieve optimal Signal to Noise ratio (SNR) in comparison to the\nmatched-filter architecture. In this paper, we aim to propose a method whereby\nstretch processing can achieve optimal SNR. Hence, we develop a novel\nprocessing method to enable applying a matched filter to the output of the\nstretch processing. The proposed architecture achieves optimal SNR while it can\noperate on a low sampling rate. In addition, the combination of the proposed\nradar architecture and SAR technique can generate high-quality images. To\nevaluate the performance of the proposed architecture, four scenarios are\nconsidered. Simulation is carried out based on these scenarios. The simulation\nresults show that the proposed radar demonstrates the ability to generate an\nimage with higher quality over stretch processing. This proposed radar can also\nbring a bigger gain compression.\n
Abstract 12216: Age-Related Macular Degeneration as a Predictor of Incidence and Progression of Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease and Cardiovascular Outcomes: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (2015)

Introduction: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss in US adults and shares many similarities with CVD pathophysiology. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that the presence of AMD would independently predict the incidence and progression of subclinical CVD and CVD events in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Methods: Our cohort consisted of 5,803 adults free of known CVD who had retinal photographs taken during the first follow-up examination of the MESA (Exam 2; Aug 2002-Jan 2004). Photographs were evaluated for AMD using the Wisconsin age-related maculopathy grading system. Coronary artery calcium (CAC), carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), ankle brachial index (ABI), and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) were assessed at baseline (Exam 1; July 2000-Aug 2002). Changes in CAC and cIMT from Exam 1 were determined at follow-up Exam 5 (April 2010-Dec 2011). Incident CVD events were ascertained from 2002 through 2012. Results: Participants were categorized as AMD+ (n = 244) or AMD- (n = 5,559). Groups did not differ at baseline for cIMT, ABI, or FMD (P&gt;0.19). At Exam 5, 92 AMD+ and 2684 AMD- participants had CAC scores. In those with CAC = 0 at baseline, CAC incidence did not differ between AMD+ (n = 21) and AMD- groups (n = 761). In those with CAC&gt;0, CAC progression was greater in the 46 AMD+ vs. the 1170 AMD- participants after a mean follow-up of 10.4 ± 2.4 years using multivariable-adjusted models (530 ± 537 vs. 339 ± 426 Agatston units, P = 0.004). Ten year cIMT progression (P = 0.85) and incident CVD events (multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI) = 1.3 (0.9, 1.8); P = 0.20) did not differ between groups. Conclusions: In conclusion, the presence of AMD in a diverse population without known CVD was independently associated with higher 10-year CAC progression in participants with baseline CAC&gt;0. AMD was not associated with CAC incidence, other subclinical CVD markers or CVD events. The association between AMD and CAC progression suggests that AMD is associated with a greater degree of atherosclerosis. Longer follow up of individuals with AMD is warranted to clarify whether greater CAC progression increases risk of CVD events.
Pattern and impact of hepatic adverse events encountered during immune checkpoint inhibitors – A territory‐wide cohort study (2020)

Hepatic AEs occur in more than half of patients receiving ICIs for cancer treatment, with approximately 15% being grade 3-4 AEs. Occurrence of hepatic AEs is associated with worse prognosis.
Scintillation property of undoped NaI transparent ceramics (2022)

Abstract In this study, NaI transparent ceramics were synthesized by the spark plasma sintering method, also optical and scintillation properties were investigated. To evaluate the potential of the transparent ceramics, a NaI single crystal was also prepared by the vertical Bridgman–Stockbarger method. The diffuse transmittance of the transparent ceramic fabricated at 470 °C was equivalent to that of the single crystal. All the samples showed scintillation peaking at 320 nm due to self-trapped exciton. In addition, scintillation peaks ascribed from lattice defects were detected at 450 nm for the transparent ceramics and 540 nm for the single crystal. The scintillation decay time constants of the transparent ceramic fabricated at 440 °C were 5.7, 18, and 189 ns. The light yield of the transparent ceramic turned out to be 910 photons MeV −1 and was two-thirds of the single crystal.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Nucleophilic Addition of Alkyl Grignard Reagents to 17‐Ketosteroids in the Presence of Cerium(III) Chloride: Synthesis of 17α‐Propyl‐17β‐hydroxy‐4‐androsten‐3‐one, an Androgen Receptor Antagonist. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Genetic and nongenetic factors associated with warfarin doserequirements in Egyptian patients (2011)

The study shows that VKORC1, CYP2C9 polymorphisms, APOE ε2 variant, and several clinical/demographic variables are important determinants of warfarin dose requirements in Egyptian patients. The percentage of variability explained by these factors is lower than in those of European ancestry, but similar to the variability explained in Asians and African ancestry.
Fabrication of High-Speed Single Photon Detectors in NbN for Quantum Information Processing (2006)

International audience
Weibull Parameters Estimation Using Four Different Methods and Most Energy-Carrying Wind Speed Analysis (2011)

Abstract The study presents the analysis of wind speed data from seven stations in Saudi Arabia, measured at 20, 30, and 40 m height above ground level (AGL) over a period varying from 2 to 5 years. Specifically, Weibull parameters were calculated using five different methods, four of them based on the statistical analysis of the collected data and a fifth one based on WAsP algorithm used in WindoGrapher software. The calculated values using the five different methods were found to be in good agreement at all the measurement heights. The correlation between the monthly mean values of Weibull scale parameter and the measured wind speed values was found to be linear for all the sites. The linear coefficient 'a' was found to be site's characteristic value and independent of the height AGL for most of the locations. Moreover, linearity has been substantiated between the monthly mean wind power density (WPD) and the corresponding measured wind speed for all the stations, with linear coefficients 'a' directly proportional to height AGL. Finally, the values of Weibull shape parameter (k) were found to be independent of height AGL, while that of scale parameter (c) varying with height. Keywords: Weibull distributionShape parameter (k)Scale parameter (c)Most probable wind speedMaximum energy-carrying wind speed ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Ioannina, Seferi 2, 30100 Agrinio, Greece, and the Center for Engineering Research, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, KFUPM Box 767, Dhahran-31261, Saudi Arabia.
Effects of TGF‐β1 and triiodothyronine on cartilage maturation: In vitro analysis using long‐term high‐density micromass cultures of chick embryonic limb mesenchymal cells (2006)

Endochondral ossification is initiated by differentiation of mesenchymal cells into chondrocytes, which produce a cartilaginous matrix, proliferate, mature, and undergo hypertrophy, followed by matrix calcification, and substitution of cartilage by bone. A number of hormones and growth factors have been implicated in this process. Using in vitro, long-term, high-density, micromass cultures of chick embryonic mesenchyme, that recapitulate the process of chondrogenesis, chondrocyte maturation, and hypertrophy, we have investigated the importance of a balance between proliferation and apoptosis in cartilage maturation, focusing specifically on the effects of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and the thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine (T3). Our results showed that TGF-beta1 stimulates proliferation, by week 2 of culture, and T3 inhibits proliferation by week 3. Cell size increases in cultures treated with T3. Collagen type X is expressed in all culture, and delay in matrix deposition is seen only in the cultures treated with TGF-beta1. T3 stimulates alkaline phosphatase activity, but not calcification. T3 enhances apoptosis, as seen by TUNEL staining, and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. The results support the roles of T3 and TGF-beta in cartilage maturation, i.e., TGF-beta stimulates proliferation and suppresses hypertrophy, while T3 stimulates hypertrophy and apoptosis.
Study of central exclusive "Equation missing" production in proton-proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 5.02$$ and 13TeV (2020)

Central exclusive and semiexclusive production of pairs is measured with the CMS detector in proton-proton collisions at the LHC at center-of-mass energies of 5.02 and 13TeV. The theoretical description of these nonperturbative processes, which have not yet been measured in detail at the LHC, poses a significant challenge to models. The two pions are measured and identified in the CMS silicon tracker based on specific energy loss, whereas the absence of other particles is ensured by calorimeter information. The total and differential cross sections of exclusive and semiexclusive central production are measured as functions of invariant mass, transverse momentum, and rapidity of the system in the fiducial region defined as transverse momentum and pseudorapidity . The production cross sections for the four resonant channels , , , and are extracted using a simple model. These results represent the first measurement of this process at the LHC collision energies of 5.02 and 13TeV.
Continuous-flow total artificial heart supports long-term survival of a calf. (2009)

The development and clinical use of continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) stimulated our interest in developing a total heart replacement with continuous-flow rotary blood pumps. We constructed a continuous-flow total artificial heart (CFTAH) from 2 HeartMate II axial-flow LVADs and used this CFTAH to replace the native heart of a calf. The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of total continuous flow on physiologic parameters at rest and during exercise after the animal recovered from surgery. We monitored pulmonary and systemic pump performance, and we assessed arterial blood gases, hemodynamic and biochemical variables, and neurohormone levels during the 7 weeks of CFTAH support. At day 36 after CFTAH implantation, the calf was exercised on a treadmill at increasing speeds for 40 minutes; total oxygen consumption, pump flow, blood pressure, and respiratory rate were monitored. Baseline hematologic levels were altered postoperatively but returned to normal by 2 weeks. We saw no signs of hemolysis or thrombosis during CFTAH support. The calf had a normal physiologic response to treadmill exercise. The animal gained weight and appeared to function normally during the study. The CFTAH operated within design specifications throughout the study. Homeostasis, end-organ and vasomotor function, and the ability to exercise are not adversely affected by 7 weeks of totally pulseless circulation in a calf.
On user interface reference models (1986)

The proliferation of personal workstations and computer networks has enabled users to develop or otherwise access an ever wider range of applications. Unfortunately, the human-computer interface has not kept pace with the available hardware, nor with the aspirations of many users. Major advances are required with respect to the "style" of human-computer interaction -- advances in graphical techniques as well as other communications media. Moreover, this "style" should be as consistent as possible across applications. Much work remains to be done in achieving this consistency in the face of the wide variety of applications currently available. At the implementation level, much work remains to be done to accommodate heterogeneous hardware and software bases. For example, to what extent can we ensure that applications can run as well distributed over low-speed lines as over high-speed local area networks? How might we implement the human-computer interface in such a way as to be easily ported to a variety of operating systems, not just to a variety of machines running the same operating system?
A Remote Inductive Powering System for Driving Microactuators (2002)

A remote inductive powering system for driving electrostatic actuators is proposed. The actuators can be controlled selectively by matching transmitter's frequency to the resonance frequency of the receiver LC-circuits. An 8(mm)^2 square and 20 turns planar coil are used as a receiver coil. The operational frequency of the transmitter is set from 4 to 7MHz. The output voltage of the receiver was obtained maximally about 45V with a load resistance of more than 100kΩ. A conventional electrostatic comb drive microactuator was used for a prototype of a receiver. The coil and the actuator were fabricated on the same surface of a commercially available silicon on insulator (SOI) wafer. The displacement of the actuator was selectively controlled by changing the transmitter's frequency.
Bandwidth limitations of broadband distributed Raman fiber amplifiers for WDM systems (2001)

Pump interactions have been identified as a limiting factor for the gain bandwidth product of broadband distributed Raman fiber amplifiers. With respect to distributed Raman gain, it is more advantageous to add WDM channels at wavelengths above C+L band rather than below.
Experimental and theoretical analysis of scaling issues in dual-bit discrete trap non-volatile memories (2005)

Here we present an experimental and theoretical analysis of dual-bit DT-NVMs. In particular data retention experiments on bulk and SOI silicon nanocrystal memory devices and their interpretation through a surface potential based model are shown (Perniola et al., 2005). Our model is then exploited to investigate the main issues posed by dual-bit reading, when the dimensions of bulk and SOI devices are scaled down. We present two different reading schemes for a scaled device and we show that dual-bit performance of DT-NVMs, charged on both sides, is preserved even when the two pockets of charge coalesce. Finally, we conclude that both bulk and SOI dual-bit architectures are promising for memory cells with gate lengths down to 30-50 nm
A transfer length model for contact resistance of two-layer systems with arbitrary interlayer coupling under the contacts (1996)

An improved analytical solution to the two-layer transmission line model for determining contact resistances to semiconductor layers is presented. In contrast to previously published two-layered analyses, the present solution is valid for arbitrary strength linear coupling between the two conducting layers in the region under the contact. A comparison of limiting cases and a physical interpretation of the differences between predictions of this model and previous models are presented. The predicted resistance versus pad separation behaviour obtained from the present model and from a two-layer model which assumed weak interlayer coupling beneath the contacts are compared for identical physical structures. Experimental data for contact resistance measurements on a double-barrier resonant tunneling diode structure are presented. The measured data exhibit the nonlinear resistance versus pad spacing predicted by the model and show a dependence on current level which can be modelled as a variation of the interlayer coupling strength. The values of the contact resistance, interlayer coupling resistance and sheet resistance extracted from the measured data using the present model and the weakly coupled model are presented and compared with independently measured and calculated parameters.
Transmission of 42.8Gbit/s Polarization Multiplexed NRZ-QPSK over 6400km of Standard Fiber with no Optical Dispersion Compensation (2007)

We report the longest reach achieved for a 42.8 Gbit/s system on standard fiber with no optical dispersion compensation. Using a digital coherent receiver a record total dispersion of 107,424 ps/nm was compensated with 1.2 dB OSNR penalty.
Inductance testing according to the new IEEE Std 1812-application and possible extensions for IPM machines (2017)

Equivalent circuit parameters are very important for permanent magnet synchronous machines since they serve as the basis for performance estimation and implementation of power electronic drives controls. Specified in the newly approved IEEE Std 1812, a short-circuit test can be employed, in combination with an open-circuit measurement, in order to determine the back emf and the synchronous inductance. In this paper, it is shown that for interior permanent magnet (IPM) machines this approach can be used only to determine the d-axis inductance and additional and separate measurements are required for the q-axis inductance. In this respect, one method widely used in industry, which involves locked-rotor measurements at variable voltage and constant frequency supply, is studied in detail. Other lockedrotor methods based on DC current supply and static torque versus rotor position measurements are introduced for determining q-axis inductance in combination with the standardized open-circuit and short-circuit tests. Test results on an IPM motor design with non-sinusoidal back emf, relatively high torque ripple, and low leakage for the IEEE Std 1812 approach and the newly proposed method for inductance determination are both compared with those from finite element (FE) based simulations.
Probing enhanced lithium-ion transport kinetics in 2D holey nanoarchitectured electrodes (2018)

Nanostructuring has been proved effective towards improving many energy storage and conversion devices, and is feasible for a wide range of materials. In particular, secondary nanoarchitectured materials exhibit collective advantages compared with nano-sized primary building blocks. Despite the manifold efforts in designed nanoarchitectures and synthetic routes, the underlying ion diffusion kinetics and phase transformation behaviours within nanoarchitectures still remain less explored. Herein, we probed enhanced lithium-ion transport behaviours using 2D holey zinc ferrite (ZFO) nanosheets as a model material, to demonstrate how self-assembled 2D holey nanoarchitectured electrodes can feature efficient ion diffusion channels, robust yet continuous electron transfer framework, and enlarged surface area, contributing to the superior performance over the ZFO nanoparticles without secondary structures. By revealing kinetic parameters through combined spectroscopic measurements and electrochemical techniques, our study manifests increased lithium-ion diffusion coefficients, higher capacitive charge storage contribution and reduced charge transfer impedance in holey nanosheets compared to randomly aggregated nanoparticles. Furthermore, our results promote deeper understanding of significantly enhanced electrochemical energy storage properties of these 2D holey nanoarchitectured electrodes resulted from more uniform and complete phase transformation and better active material utilization.
Tiermodelle mit Zystennieren (2010)

Zusammenfassung Polyzystische Nierenerkrankungen (PKD) sind der häufigste genetische Grund für ein terminales Nierenversagen. Flüssigkeitsgefüllte Zysten bilden sich im Nierenparenchym und beeinträchtigen die Nierenfunktion mit zunehmender Anzahl und Größe, bis diese vollkommen zum Erliegen kommt. Seit mehreren Jahrzehnten werden Tiermodelle mit PKD für die Aufklärung der molekularen Mechanismen der Zystogenese verwendet. War man anfangs auf zufällige, durch Spontanmutationen aufgetretene Zystenmodelle angewiesen, eröffneten transgene und Knock-out-Technologien in den letzen 20 Jahren eine völlig neue Dimension, die molekularen Pathomechanismen der Zystogenese durch gezielte genetische Veränderungen im Erbgut aufzuklären. Nur mit der Hilfe von Tiermodellen konnte die Lokalisation von „Zystenproteinen“ in den Zilien und die Beteiligung zilienabhängiger Signalkaskaden in der Zystogenese gezeigt werden. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die derzeit vorhandenen murinen Tiermodelle mit PKD.