gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nano-imprinting of surface relief gratings on soda-aluminosilicate and soda-lime silicate glasses (2017)

One-dimensional gratings of 700-nm period were imprinted on a soda-aluminosilicate glass (NAS) and a soda-lime silicate glass (NCS) using a platinum-coated SiO2 mold with application of DC voltage. The migration of network modifier cations below the anode side surface to the cathode side is a necessary condition for grating formation. Glass surfaces were chemically etched using a 55% KOH solution at 70°C. The top area of the NAS grating ridge, where the non-contacted area of the mold is located, was etched preferentially. Finally, the reverse concavo-convex grating appeared by etching. Localized stress corrosion in the grating ridge is expected to be an origin of the anisotropic etching and the grating pattern formation. In contrast, such anomalous etching behavior was not observed for the NCS. The bottom of the grating groove, the mold contacted area, was etched monotonously, maintaining the initial sinusoidal grating shape.
Efficient and Accurate Quantized Image Super-Resolution on Mobile NPUs, Mobile AI & AIM 2022 challenge: Report (2022)

Image super-resolution is a common task on mobile and IoT devices, where one often needs to upscale and enhance low-resolution images and video frames. While numerous solutions have been proposed for this problem in the past, they are usually not compatible with low-power mobile NPUs having many computational and memory constraints. In this Mobile AI challenge, we address this problem and propose the participants to design an efficient quantized image super-resolution solution that can demonstrate a real-time performance on mobile NPUs. The participants were provided with the DIV2K dataset and trained INT8 models to do a high-quality 3X image upscaling. The runtime of all models was evaluated on the Synaptics VS680 Smart Home board with a dedicated edge NPU capable of accelerating quantized neural networks. All proposed solutions are fully compatible with the above NPU, demonstrating an up to 60 FPS rate when reconstructing Full HD resolution images. A detailed description of all models developed in the challenge is provided in this paper.
Vortex structures in YBa2Cu3O7 (invited) (1994)

Extensive small angle neutron scattering experiments have been conducted on the vortex system in YBa2Cu3O7 in a magnetic field range of 0.5 T≤H≤5 T, and with various orientations of the magnetic field with respect to the crystallographic axes. For H parallel to the c axis, the vortex lattice is oblique with two nearly equal lattice constants and an angle of 73° between primitive vectors. One principal axis of the vortex lattice coincides with the (110) direction of the crystal lattice. It is shown that this structure cannot be explained in the framework of a purely electrodynamic (London) model, and that it is intimately related to the in-plane anisotropy of the superconducting coherence length. When the field is inclined with respect to the c axis, the uniaxial anisotropy due to the layered crystal structure of YBa2Cu3O7 becomes relevant. The interplay between the square in-plane anisotropy and the uniaxial anisotropy leads to both a continous structural transition and a reorientation of the vortex lattice as a function of inclination angle. For the largest inclination angles, the vortex lattice decomposes into independent chains.
Class of ansatz wave functions for one-dimensional spin systems and their relation to the density matrix renormalization group (1997)

We investigate the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) discovered by White and show that in the case where the renormalization eventually converges to a fixed point the DMRG ground state can be simply written as a matrix-product form. This ground state can also be rederived through a simple variational ansatz making no reference to the DMRG construction. We also show how to construct the matrix-product states and how to calculate their properties, including the excitation spectrum. This paper provides details of many results announced earlier.
Anatomical Considerations in Urinary Stone Disease (2007)

In the urinary tract, all roads lead to the urethra. An understanding of its anatomy, in both the male and female, is important for the successful and safe removal of bladder calculi and for the safe passage of both cystoscopes and ureteroscopes.
Abnormal caloric requirements for weight maintenance in patients with anorexia and bulimia nervosa (1991)

To maintain stable weight after weight restoration, restricting anorexic patients require a significantly higher caloric intake than do bulimic anorexic patients. Differences in caloric needs between normal-weight bulimic patients with and without histories of anorexia may depend on the methods used to correct caloric requirements. Body surface area may be the most precise correction factor across different subgroups of eating disorder patients. Elevated caloric requirements, when coupled with reduced food intake, may particularly contribute to relapse in anorexic patients.
VMAPD: Generate Diverse Solutions for Multi-Agent Games with Recurrent Trajectory Discriminators (2022)

Recent algorithms designed for multi-agent tasks focus on finding a single optimal solution for all the agents. However, in many tasks (e.g., matrix games and transportation dispatching), there may exist more than one optimal solution, while previous algorithms can only converge to one of them. In many practical applications, it is important to develop reasonable agents with diverse behaviors. In this paper, we propose ”variational multi-agent policy diversification” (VMAPD), an on-policy framework for discovering diverse policies for coordination patterns of multiple agents. By taking advantage of latent variables and exploiting the connection between variational inference and multi-agent reinforcement learning, we derive a tractable evidence lower bound (ELBO) on the trajectories of all agents. Our algorithm uses policy iteration to maximize the derived lower bound and can be simply implemented by adding a pseudo reward during centralized learning. And the trained agents do not need to access the pseudo reward during decentralized execution. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm on several popular multi-agent testbeds. Experimental results show that VMAPD finds more solutions with similar sample complexity compared with other baselines.
Phase I clinical and pharmacologic study of a 2-weekly administration of cisplatin and gemcitabine in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (2005)

Our objective was to study the feasibility of schedule- and dose-intensive cisplatin plus gemcitabine in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) when given on 1 day in four 2-weekly cycles. Cisplatin was administered as a 3 h i.v. infusion followed by gemcitabine as a 30-min i.v. infusion on the same day, every 2 weeks. An interval of 1 h between the two infusions was applied. Patients received four courses without any break. An interpatient dose-escalation scheme was used. The starting dose was 87.5 mg/m of cisplatin and 1350 mg/m of gemcitabine. The pharmacokinetics of cisplatin and gemcitabine were determined in plasma and white blood cells. In total, 23 patients were included in the study. Median age of the patients was 56 years (range 27-76) and most patients were in good clinical condition. Thirteen patients received all planned courses. Dose-limiting toxicity was Common Toxicity Criteria grade 2 ototoxicity. The maximum tolerated dose was established at cisplatin 90 mg/m in combination with gemcitabine 1500 mg/m. This short induction schedule is practical and convenient for the patient. We conclude that the combination of cisplatin at a dose intensity of 51 mg/m/week followed by gemcitabine (1500 mg/m) on the same day is clinically feasible in NSCLC patients when given as a 2-weekly cycle.
Performance of simulcast wireless techniques for personal communication systems (2002)

Broadband analog transport facilities using fiber or fiber/coax cable can play a significant role in the evolution of the network infrastructure for personal communications services (PCS). Low-power PCS systems require a dense grid of radio ports to provide connectivity to the telephone network. A simulcast technique can be used in such systems to permit low rates of handoff (no handoff within each simulcast area) and sharing of hardware resources among multiple radio ports. This paper presents a simulation analysis of the cochannel interference and noise performance as well as the resource sharing benefit of a simulcast PCS system. Our investigation shows that the the impact of multiple antenna noise in a simulcast system is offset by the improved signal-to-interference ratio brought about by distributed antennas. Even with distributed antennas, multiple antenna noise places a limit on the maximum number of radio ports that can be assigned to each simulcast group. This limit, however, is shown to have little impact on the achievable resource sharing benefit of simulcasting (i.e., grouping beyond this limit has diminishing returns). A saving of 40% to 60%, in terms of the required central hardware resources, is typical in suburban environments.
Geometric Structure behind Duality and Manifestation of Self-Duality from Electrical Circuits to Metamaterials (2019)

In electromagnetic systems, duality is manifested in various forms: circuit, Keller–Dykhne, electromagnetic, and Babinet dualities. These dualities have been developed individually in different research fields and frequency regimes, leading to a lack of unified perspective. In this paper, we establish a unified view of these dualities in electromagnetic systems. The underlying geometrical structures behind the dualities are elucidated by using concepts from algebraic topology and differential geometry. Moreover, we show that seemingly disparate phenomena, such as frequency-independent effective response, zero backscattering, and critical response, can be considered to be emergent phenomena of self-duality.
Thin-Film Electroluminescent Device Physics Modeling (2000)

Previous and current approaches to alternating current thin-film electroluminescent (ACTFEL) device physics modeling are reviewed. The primary goal of the modeling efforts of interest to this review is to accurately simulate the electrical properties of two-terminal ACTFEL test structures when subjected to realistic applied voltage waveforms. A comprehensive review of previous ACTFEL modeling efforts is presented. Additionally, two modeling methodologies that are believed to hold the most promise for accurate ACTFEL device modeling are presented. These methodologies involve state-space simulation of a discretized phosphor and SPICE simulation.
49.3: Very‐High‐Resolution Displays: Productivity Gains in Word‐Processing and Spreadsheet Tasks (2004)

Abstract We tested the impact of very high vs. high spatial resolution (∼200 vs ∼100 dpi) displays on user performance for common computer tasks such as text editing and spreadsheet use. We found advantages for the very high resolution display and for LCDs over CRTs.
Multi-Domain and Multi-Task Learning for Human Action Recognition (2018)

Domain-invariant (view-invariant & modalityinvariant) feature representation is essential for human action recognition. Moreover, given a discriminative visual representation, it is critical to discover the latent correlations among multiple actions in order to facilitate action modeling. To address these problems, we propose a multi-domain & multi-task learning (MDMTL) method to (1) extract domain-invariant information for multi-view and multi-modal action representation and (2) explore the relatedness among multiple action categories. Specifically, we present a sparse transfer learning-based method to co-embed multi-domain (multi-view & multi-modality) data into a single common space for discriminative feature learning. Additionally, visual feature learning is incorporated into the multitask learning framework, with the Frobenius-norm regularization term and the sparse constraint term, for joint task modeling and task relatedness-induced feature learning. To the best of our knowledge, MDMTL is the first supervised framework to jointly realize domain-invariant feature learning and task modeling for multi-domain action recognition. Experiments conducted on the INRIA Xmas Motion Acquisition Sequences (IXMAS) dataset, the MSR Daily Activity 3D (DailyActivity3D) dataset, and the Multi-modal & Multi-view & Interactive (M2I) dataset, which is the most recent and largest multi-view and multi-model action recognition dataset, demonstrate the superiority of MDMTL over the state-of-the-art approaches.
Magellan: A Web Based System for the Integrated Analysis of Heterogeneous Biological Data and Annotations; Application to DNA Copy Number and Expression Data in Ovarian Cancer (2006)

Recent advances in high throughput biological methods allow researchers to generate enormous amounts of data from a single experiment. In order to extract meaningful conclusions from this tidal wave of data, it will be necessary to develop analytical methods of sufficient power and utility. It is particularly important that biologists themselves be able to perform many of these analyses, such that their background knowledge of the experimental system under study can be used to interpret results and direct further inquiries. We have developed a web-based system, Magellan, which allows the upload, storage, and analysis of multivariate data and textual or numerical annotations. Data and annotations are treated as abstract entities, to maximize the different types of information the system can store and analyze. Annotations can be used in analyses/visualizations, as a means of subsetting data to reduce dimensionality, or as a means of projecting variables from one data type or data set to another. Analytical methods are deployed within Magellan such that new functionalities can be added in a straightforward fashion. Using Magellan, we performed an integrated analysis of genome-wide comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), mRNA expression, and clinical data from ovarian tumors. Analyses included the use of permutation-based methods to identify genes whose mRNA expression levels correlated with patient survival, a nearest neighbor classifier to predict patient survival from CGH data, and curated annotations such as genomic position and derived annotations such as statistical computations to explore the quantitative relationship between CGH and mRNA expression data.
The Selection of Operative Versus Nonoperative Treatment in Patients With Adult Scoliosis (2007)

This study emphasizes the complexity of surgical decision making for adult scoliosis patients. It also underscores the importance of patient-based health status measures in evaluating the adult scoliosis patient.
Identification of molecular candidates which regulate calcium-dependent CD8 + T-cell cytotoxicity (2020)

Abstract Cytotoxic CD8 + T lymphocytes (CTL) eliminate infected cells or transformed tumour cells by releasing perforin-containing cytotoxic granules at the immunological synapse. The secretion of such granules depends on Ca 2+ -influx through store operated Ca 2+ channels, formed by STIM-activated Orai proteins. Whereas molecular mechanisms of the secretion machinery are well understood, much less is known about the molecular machinery that regulates the efficiency of Ca 2+ -dependent target cell killing. Here, we isolated total RNA from natural killer (NK) cells, non-stimulated CD8 + T-cells, and from Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin A (SEA) stimulated CD8 + T-cells (SEA-CTL) and conducted whole genome expression profiling by microarray experiments. Based on differential expression analysis of the transcriptome data and analysis of master regulator genes, we identified 31 candidates which potentially regulate Ca 2+ -homeostasis in CTL. To investigate a putative function of these candidates in CTL cytotoxicity, we transfected either SEA-stimulated CTL (SEA-CTL) or antigen specific CD8 + T-cell clones (CTL-MART-1) with siRNAs specific against the identified candidates and analyzed the killing capacity using a real-time killing assay. In addition, we complemented the analysis by studying the effect of inhibitory substances acting on the candidate proteins if available. Finally, to unmask their involvement in Ca 2+ dependent cytotoxicity, candidates were also analyzed under Ca 2+ -limiting conditions. Overall, this strategy led to the identification of KCNN4, RCAN3, CCR5 and BCL2 as potential candidates to regulate the efficiency of Ca 2+ -dependent target cell killing.
Minimizing dependencies within generic classes for faster and smaller programs (2009)

Generic classes can be used to improve performance by allowing compile-time polymorphism. But the applicability of compile-time polymorphism is narrower than that of runtime polymorphism, and it might bloat the object code. We advocate a programming principle whereby a generic class should be implemented in a way that minimizes the dependencies between its members (nested types, methods) and its generic type parameters. Conforming to this principle (1) reduces the bloat and (2) gives rise to a previously unconceived manner of using the language that expands the applicability of compile-time polymorphism to a wider range of problems. Our contribution is thus a programming technique that generates faster and smaller programs. We apply our ideas to GCC's STL containers and iterators, and we demonstrate notable speedups and reduction in object code size (real application runs 1.2x to 2.1x faster and STL code is 1x to 25x smaller). We conclude that standard generic APIs (like STL) should be amended to reflect the proposed principle in the interest of efficiency and compactness. Such modifications will not break old code, simply increase flexibility. Our findings apply to languages like C++, C#, and D, which realize generic programming through multiple instantiations.
System and method for heating ferrite magnet motors for low temperatures (2023)

A system and method for heating ferrite permanent magnets in an electrical machine is disclosed. The permanent magnet machine includes a stator assembly and a rotor assembly, with a plurality of ferrite permanent magnets disposed within the stator assembly or the rotor assembly to generate a magnetic field that interacts with a stator magnetic field to produce a torque. A controller of the electrical machine is programmed to cause a primary field current to be applied to the stator windings to generate the stator magnetic field, so as to cause the rotor assembly to rotate relative to the stator assembly. The controller is further programmed to cause a secondary current to be applied to the stator windings to selectively generate a secondary magnetic field, the secondary magnetic field inducing eddy currents in at least one of the stator assembly and the rotor assembly to heat the ferrite permanent magnets.
TMOD-09. A PATIENT-DERIVED XENOGRAFT MODEL MIMICKING RECURRENT PEDIATRIC MALIGNANT GLIOMA (2017)

BACKGROUND: Pediatric high grade glioma (pHGG) is a devastating cancer of the central nervous system. The prognosis of this most malignant form of brain tumor remains poor, largely due to the inherent resistance of pHGG to therapy, and inevitably leads to recurrence. Unfortunately, because recurrent glioma, or glioma remaining after conventional therapy, frequently has very different molecular characteristics from the original tumor in addition to a vastly different biological behavior, recurrent pHGG has proven exceedingly difficult to treat, with very few treatment options providing clinically meaningful outcomes. As part of the NCI Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program, several pediatric brain cancer cell lines, including the ones used in this study, were developed and characterized. However, to our knowledge, none have been utilized in development of a rat xenograft model of recurrent pHGG. METHODS: Pediatric glioblastoma cells (SJ-GBM2) were obtained from the Children’s Oncology Group Cell Culture and Xenograft Repository. Irradiated SJGBM2-10gy cells were generated by exposure to a total radiation dose of 10 Gy. Following irradiation, the resultant SJGBM2-10gy cells were tested for cell viability and allowed to reach confluence prior to stereotactical implantation into the right striatum of male athymic rats. RESULTS: Less than 1% of total cells survived radiation. Both irradiated and parental cell lines formed tumors in 100% of the animals following intracranial implantation. Irradiated SJGBM2-10gy cells exhibited a more aggressive tumor growth than the parental SJ-GBM2 cell line, resulting in mortality on average 14 days earlier. Histopathological analysis is underway and more advanced imaging studies are planned. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge this is the first report of an intracranial rat xenograft model mimicking recurrent pHGG using irradiated cell lines. It represents a robust and expedient in vivo model for studying recurrent pHGG biology.
Comparative In Vitro Evaluation of Recent Enamel and Dentin Adhesive Materials (1992)

In this in vitro study, two experimental and four commercially available enamel-dentin bonding agents are characterized by shear bond strengths to human teeth following storage of the specimens for 2 minutes, 15 minutes, and 24 hours, respectively, or after stressing of the bonds by 5000 thermal cycles between 5 degrees and 55 degrees C. It is assumed that the experimental compounds are clinically adequate materials to mediate long-term retention of resin restorations placed without reliance on mechanical undercuts. The limitations of such in vitro strength data regarding clinical performance are discussed and emphasized.
Power factor calculations and measurements (1990)

The calculations and measurements are presented of power factor correction and distortion reduction using the peak current programmed boost topology. The topology and a regulator using a dedicated power factor controller are introduced. The input current waveshape is modeled mathematically, and analytical expressions for the calculation of the power factor and total harmonic distortion are derived. Various measurement method are described, and actual data related to the high-power regulator are presented, including pictures of the low-frequency spectrum of the input current. An enhancement circuit is added to the original regulator circuit, and another set of data is taken. Calculated and measured data are summarized and compared to the IEC 555-2 specifications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Reflexivity of a Banach Space with a Countable Vector Space Basis (2022)

All most all the function spaces over real or complex domains and spaces of sequences, that arise in practice as examples of normed complete linear spaces (Banach spaces), are reflexive. These Banach spaces are dual to their respective spaces of continuous linear functionals over the corresponding Banach spaces. For each of these Banach spaces, a countable vector space basis exists, which is responsible for their reflexivity. In this paper, a specific criterion for reflexivity of a Banach space with a countable vector space basis is presented.