gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Green Reconfigurable Radio Systems (2007)

The wireless standards scene and its evolution strengthens the need for functional flexibility in future radios. Multimode terminals supporting an increasingly large variety of standards (cellular, WLANs, WMANs, WPANs) are subject to a cost increase that is addressed by more flexible radio interfaces. Energy efficiency, however, is the main obstacle to successfully deploying such reconfigurable radios. To address this, it is essential to design energy-scalable SDRs, both for the radio front-end and the digital baseband platform. Complementing this, an essential ingredient is an intelligent controller that optimally exploits this scalability and the run-time dynamics to translate potential energy scalability to actual low-power operation. To realize this goal, an energy-aware cross-layer radio management framework is introduced. It was instantiated in different case studies, showing the applicability of this approach in realistic setups. Results have shown that substantial gains can be achieved through effective cross-layer optimization and problem partitioning. Next, it was shown that SDRs will play a crucial role in enabling CRs, which will enable saving on both the scarce radio spectrum and battery lifetime. A key building block for the design of such CRs, i.e., the appropriate control intelligence to make the SDR platform cognitive, can be derived by incrementally building on the proposed framework. As a result, green (or environment friendly) reconfigurable radio systems will emerge, which offer a wide variety and ubiquitous availability of wireless services, while overcoming energy and spectrum scarcity
A novel approach to collision-induced dissociation (CID) for ion mobility-mass spectrometry experiments (2008)

Collision induced dissociation (CID) combined with matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-ion mobility-mass spectrometry (MALDI-IM-MS) is described. In this approach, peptide ions are separated on the basis of mobility in a 15 cm drift cell. Following mobility separation, the ions exit the drift cell and enter a 5 cm vacuum interface with a high field region (up to 1000 V/cm) to undergo collisional activation. Ion transmission and ion kinetic energies in the interface are theoretically evaluated accounting for the pressure gradient, interface dimensions, and electric fields. Using this CID technique, we have successfully fragmented and sequenced a number of model peptide ions as well as peptide ions obtained by a tryptic digest. This instrument configuration allows for the simultaneous determination of peptide mass, peptide-ion sequence, and collision-cross section of MALDI-generated ions, providing information critical to the identification of unknown components in complex proteomic samples.
Spectrally Encoded Photoacoustic Microscopy Using a Digital Mirror Device (2012)

We developed a spectrally encoded photoacoustic microscope system using a digital mirror device. Using spectrally encoded PA measurement, the imaging system can recover chromophore absorption spectra at a low laser pulse energy.
Low Temperature Solution-Processed Zinc Tin Oxide Thin Film Transistor with O2 Plasma Treatment (2010)

We fabricated solution-processed ZTO TFTs at annealing temperature of 350 °C with employing O 2 plasma treatment on active layer in order to improve the electrical characteristics of ZTO TFTs fabricated at low temperature. Threshold voltage of solution-processed ZTO TFTs without plasma treatment was larger than 35 V but reduced to 20.74 V with 15 ml/min and 300 W of O 2 plasma treatment since oxygen vacancies in ZnO⋅SnO 2 and SnO 2 would increase and then electron concentration are also increased by ion bombardment from O 2 plasma treatment. Saturation mobility and Subthreshold Swing (S.S) of TFTs without plasma treatment was 0.09 cm 2 /V⋅sec and 1.65 V/decade respectively, but saturation mobility increased to 0.58 cm 2 /V⋅sec and S.S decreased to 1.20 V/decade, respectively, with 15 ml/min and 300 W of O 2 plasma treatment, since ZnO⋅SnO 2 is produced which could work as semiconducting material, rather Zn(OH)Cl is vanished which could work as impurity by O 2 plasma treatment.
Targeting the Optimal Design in Randomized Clinical Trials with Binary Outcomes and No Covariate: Theoretical Study (2011)

This article is devoted to the asymptotic study of adaptive group sequential designs in the case of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) with binary treatment, binary outcome and no covariate. By adaptive design, we mean in this setting a RCT design that allows the investigator to dynamically modify its course through data-driven adjustment of the randomization probability based on data accrued so far, without negatively impacting on the statistical integrity of the trial. By adaptive group sequential design, we refer to the fact that group sequential testing methods can be equally well applied on top of adaptive designs. We obtain that, theoretically, the adaptive design converges almost surely to the targeted unknown randomization scheme. In the estimation framework, we obtain that our maximum likelihood estimator of the parameter of interest is a strongly consistent estimator, and it satisfies a central limit theorem. We can estimate its asymptotic variance, which is the same as that it would feature had we known in advance the targeted randomization scheme and independently sampled from it. Consequently, inference can be carried out as if we had resorted to independent and identically distributed (iid) sampling. In the testing framework, we obtain that the multidimensional t-statistic that we would use under iid sampling still converges to the same canonical distribution under adaptive sampling. Consequently, the same group sequential testing can be carried out as if we had resorted to iid sampling. Furthermore, a comprehensive simulation study that we undertake in a companion article validates the theory. A three-sentence take-home message is “Adaptive designs do learn the targeted optimal design and inference, and testing can be carried out under adaptive sampling as they would under the targeted optimal randomization probability iid sampling. In particular, adaptive designs achieve the same efficiency as the fixed oracle design. This is confirmed by a simulation study, at least for moderate or large sample sizes, across a large collection of targeted randomization probabilities.'”
Hepatitis delta virus proteins repress hepatitis B virus enhancers and activate the alpha/beta interferon-inducible MxA gene (2009)

Co-infection and superinfection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) with hepatitis delta virus (HDV) leads to suppression of HBV replication both in patients and in animal and cellular models. The mechanisms behind this inhibition have not previously been explored fully. HBV replication is governed by four promoters and two enhancers, Enh1 and Enh2. Repression of these enhancers has been reported to be one of the main mechanisms of HBV inhibition. Moreover, in a previous study, it has been demonstrated that alpha interferon (IFN-alpha)-inducible MxA protein inhibits HBV replication. HDV encodes two proteins, p24 and p27. p27 was shown to activate several heterologous promoters, including HBV promoters. In an attempt to analyse the mechanisms of HBV inhibition by HDV, the question was raised whether HDV proteins could act directly by repressing HBV enhancers, and/or indirectly by activating the MxA gene. This issue was addressed in a co-transfection model in Huh-7 cells, using p24- or p27-expressing plasmids along with Enh1, Enh2, HBV and MxA promoter-luciferase constructs. Enh1 and Enh2 were strongly repressed, by 60 and 80 % and 40 and 60 %, by p24 and p27, respectively. In addition, p27 was responsible for threefold activation of the MxA promoter and potentiation of IFN-alpha on this promoter. MxA mRNA quantification and a virus yield reduction assay confirmed these results. In conclusion, this study shows that HDV proteins inhibit HBV replication by trans-repressing its enhancers and by trans-activating the IFN-alpha-inducible MxA gene.
Segmentation of Multiple Sclerosis Lesions across Hospitals: Learn Continually or Train from Scratch? (2022)

Segmentation of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) lesions is a challenging problem. Several deep-learning-based methods have been proposed in recent years. However, most methods tend to be static, that is, a single model trained on a large, specialized dataset, which does not generalize well. Instead, the model should learn across datasets arriving sequentially from different hospitals by building upon the characteristics of lesions in a continual manner. In this regard, we explore experience replay, a well-known continual learning method, in the context of MS lesion segmentation across multi-contrast data from 8 different hospitals. Our experiments show that replay is able to achieve positive backward transfer and reduce catastrophic forgetting compared to sequential fine-tuning. Furthermore, replay outperforms the multi-domain training, thereby emerging as a promising solution for the segmentation of MS lesions. The code is available at this link: https://github.com/naga-karthik/continual-learning-ms
Simulation, animation, and analysis of design disassembly for maintainability analysis (1995)

SUMMARY Designing mechanical systems for efficient disassembly improves their maintainability. Issues related to design disassembly for maintainability analysis of an evolving mechanical system design are discussed. Procedures and methodologies for the identification of disassembly sequence, animation of human technicians in performing the disassembly sequence, tool selection, time and cost analysis, and human factors analysis of the disassembly sequence are presented. Their software implementation in a maintainability analysis workspace is described and illustrated using a maintenance task example.
Magnetic and transport properties of chiral antiferromagnetic Co2−xPdxMo3N thin films (2023)

Hall transport and non-collinear magnetoresistance (NCMR) are studied for a chiral antiferromagnet (AFM) with the filled β-Mn-type structure. Magnetic and transport properties of epitaxial thin films of Co2−xPdxMo3N revealed that, in addition to a canted antiferromagnetic behavior above room temperature, thin films with x = 1.01∼1.38 exhibited a transition to a spin spiral state with a higher magnetic moment below TSR of around 50 K, which was assigned to a spin reorientation transition. The low-temperature phase shows both large anomalous Hall effect (AHE) and topological Hall effect (THE). Upon the transition to the canted AFM phase existing up to room temperature, the large AHE still persists with vanishing THE. The behavior of the Hall transport properties coupled with NCMR signals in the current-perpendicular-to-the plane configuration shows the formation of topological spin textures with locally antiferromagnetic order. The present results open the way for the study of topological antiferromagnetic spin textures, manipulation of their properties, and for future spintronic applications.
Highly efficient delivery of functional cargoes by the synergistic effect of GAG binding motifs and cell-penetrating peptides (2016)

Protein transduction domains (PTDs) are powerful nongenetic tools that allow intracellular delivery of conjugated cargoes to modify cell behavior. Their use in biomedicine has been hampered by inefficient delivery to nuclear and cytoplasmic targets. Here we overcame this deficiency by developing a series of novel fusion proteins that couple a membrane-docking peptide to heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) with a PTD. We showed that this GET (GAG-binding enhanced transduction) system could deliver enzymes (Cre, neomycin phosphotransferase), transcription factors (NANOG, MYOD), antibodies, native proteins (cytochrome C), magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), and nucleic acids [plasmid (p)DNA, modified (mod)RNA, and small inhibitory RNA] at efficiencies of up to two orders of magnitude higher than previously reported in cell types considered hard to transduce, such as mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), human ESCs (hESCs), and induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). This technology represents an efficient strategy for controlling cell labeling and directing cell fate or behavior that has broad applicability for basic research, disease modeling, and clinical application.
High power 4G optics (Conference Presentation) (2017)

The optical power of diffractive waveplate structures is limited not as much by fabrication technology issues as by the fundamental features of light propagation in complex anisotropic structures. The infinitely thin two-dimensional film approximation does not apply, and the efficiency of 4G lenses, prisms, etc., is reduced for geometries corresponding to sharp focusing lenses and large diffraction angles. Due to thin-film nature, these films can be combined to reduce effective focal length, increase effective diffraction angle, topological charge, etc. Along with this, we will discuss the opportunity of increasing optical power of 4G lenses, prisms, etc. without compromising efficiency.
Mechanical Failure of Bent Optical Fiber Subjected to High Power (2005)

As optical fiber penetrates further into the communications infrastructure and comes closer to the home or business, higher optical power levels are expected. Several studies have shown that sharply bent optical fiber will fail prematurely when exposed to high optical power levels. In an extreme case, where the fiber is bent to a maximum bend stress on the order of 2 GPa and subjected to a power level of 1–2 W in the near‐infrared wavelength window, optical fiber will fail in minutes. Time to failure decreases with increasing bend stress and optical power. A recent report suggests that power levels in the range of a few hundred milliwatts may be enough to induce delayed failure in bent fiber. This study explores the progression of events leading to failure. Light that escapes the core of bent fiber passes into the coating, where a small amount is absorbed and converted to heat. The coating heats to a stable temperature and visually darkens with time. This is followed by an abrupt rise in temperature, which occurs as the coating transforms to a highly absorptive material, consistent with thermal runaway. The abrupt rise in coating temperature stimulates viscoelastic deformation of the glass. Glass deformation is explained in terms of the ability of highly quenched glass to experience viscous flow at temperatures well below the glass transition range (i.e. sub‐Tg aging or relaxation). As the glass portion of the fiber moves toward a “kinked” configuration, it concentrates more power on a smaller region of coating, resulting in further temperature increase. There is no evidence of the fiber fuse effect in the lower viscosity glass core. The final kinked configuration of the glass fiber leads to complete attenuation of the light and failure is complete. Coating decomposition is self‐limiting with no visible flame. A coating with a refractive index near or below that of silica was found to virtually eliminate this failure mode.
Semantic search (2003)

Activities such as Web Services and the Semantic Web are working to create a web of distributed machine understandable data. In this paper we present an application called 'Semantic Search' which is built on these supporting technologies and is designed to improve traditional web searching. We provide an overview of TAP, the application framework upon which the Semantic Search is built. We describe two implemented Semantic Search systems which, based on the denotation of the search query, augment traditional search results with relevant data aggregated from distributed sources. We also discuss some general issues related to searching and the Semantic Web and outline how an understanding of the semantics of the search terms can be used to provide better results.
Grab ‘n Go: Siderophore-Binding Proteins Provide Pathogens a Quick Fix to Satisfy Their Hunger for Iron (2020)

DOAJ is a unique and extensive index of diverse open access journals from around the world, driven by a growing community, committed to ensuring quality content is freely available online for everyone.
Periodontal Soft Tissue Root Coverage Procedures: A Consensus Report From the AAP Regeneration Workshop (2014)

Predictable root coverage is possible for single-tooth and multiple-tooth recession defects, with SCTG procedures providing the best root coverage outcomes. Alternatives to SCTG are supported by evidence of varying strength. Additional research is needed on treatment outcomes for specific oral sites. Clinical Recommendation: For Miller Class I and II single-tooth recession defects, SCTG procedures provide the best outcomes, whereas ADMG or EMD in conjunction with CAF may be used as an alternative.
RoboCup. Basic Study for Development of Muscular-Strength Estimation and Training System Using ER Brake. Development of ER Brake and its Passive Velocity Control. (2002)

An isokinetic exercise is one of the training methods. Servomechanism using electric motor has been used for isoki netic exercise system. But, isokinetic exercises can be realized by using passive devices such as brakes or dampers. Since such passive systems are inherently safe, they are suitable for mechanical systems which are operated by hu man beings. In this study, we develop the brake using particle-type ER fluid. ER fluid is a fluid whose rheological characteristics can be controlled by electric field. ER brakes can response very quickly and have the characteristics like Coulomb friction. Then, we discuss the velocity control of ER brake system. Finally we confirmed the validity of the proposed method by control experiments.
Effects of Upadacitinib Coadministration on the Pharmacokinetics of Sensitive Cytochrome P450 Probe Substrates: A Study With the Modified Cooperstown 5+1 Cocktail (2019)

The aim of this study was to characterize the effects of upadacitinib, a Janus kinase 1 inhibitor, on in vivo activity of different cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes using a cocktail approach. Healthy subjects (n = 20) received single oral doses of the modified Cooperstown 5+1 cocktail drugs (midazolam [CYP3A], caffeine [CYP1A2], warfarin + vitamin K [CYP2C9], omeprazole [CYP2C19], and dextromethorphan [CYP2D6]) without upadacitinib and on day 11 (midazolam) or 12 (all other probes) of a 15-day regimen of upadacitinib 30 mg once daily (extended-release formulation). Serial blood samples and 12-hour urine samples were collected for assays of the probe substrates and select metabolites. The ratio (90%CI) of area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time 0 to infinity (AUC<sub>inf</sub> ) central values when the cocktail drugs were administered with upadacitinib relative to when administered alone were 0.74 (0.68-0.80) for midazolam, 1.22 (1.15-1.29) for caffeine, 1.11 (1.07-1.15) for S-warfarin, 1.07 (0.95-1.22) for dextromethorphan, and 0.82 (0.72-0.94) for omeprazole. The ratio (90%CI) was 1.09 (1.00-1.19) for 5-hydroxy-omeprazole to omeprazole AUC<sub>inf</sub> ratio and 1.17 (0.97-1.41) for dextromethorphan to dextrorphan 12-hour molar urinary ratio. Upadacitinib 30 mg once daily (a dose that is twice the optimal dose in rheumatoid arthritis based on phase 3 results) has a limited effect on CYP3A activity (26% decrease in exposure of midazolam, a sensitive CYP3A substrate) and no relevant effects on CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, or CYP2D6 activity in vivo. No clinically relevant changes in plasma exposures are expected for drugs that are substrates for the evaluated CYP enzymes when coadministered with upadacitinib.
In- and ex-vivo molecular imaging of apoptosis to assess sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer to EGFR inhibitors using probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (2017)

Real-time in vivo and ex vivo assessment of apoptosis using pCLE differentiates resistant from sensitive NSCLC xenografts to Erlotinib.
Abstracts (1998)

Glycoconjugates constituting cells and tissues are known to play important roles in a variety of indispensable functions of living organisms such as cellular recognition and others. Recent progress in histo-and cytochemistry enables to determine and locate glycoconjugates in situ. Cytochemical aspects of glycoconjugates can be visualized under the microscope employing appropriate probes. At present, lectins, specific antibodies, and cationized ferritin are the most commonly used probes for the detection of sugar residues of cells and tissues.
56-70: CRT Survey II (2016)

CRT Survey II: a pan-European ESC initiative Background/Introduction: CRT reduces mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure with electrical dyssynchrony and therefore receives strong recommendations in current guidelines. However, despite these recommendations and the expanding indications for CRT, the increase in the rate of CRT has been modest across Europe. Therefore, actions to increase the awareness of the indications for CRT as well as to increase both the quality and level of care for follow-up over EHRA countries are needed. Purpose: The two ESC associations, EHRA and HFA have designed the CRT Survey II, which is an 8 month snapshot Survey created to describe clinical practice regarding implantation of CRT devices in a broad sample of hospitals in ESC member countries. It should reflect changes in clinical practice due to the substantial modifications in ESC device guideline recommendations by both the HFA and EHRA Methods: Patients enrolled are both those with new implantations of a CRT-P/CRT-D and upgrades. There is a one-time, site description questionnaire completed by each site. This information gathered by this questionnaire describes the organisation of the device programme for each site and provides information useful for assessing health resource utilisation.The second and patient related electronic case report form (eCRF) is completed at each enrolment. This eCRF includes patient demographics, aetiology of heart failure, pharmacological therapy, ECG morphology and QRS duration, indication for CRT implantation, procedural details, complications, discharge status, and follow-up plans. CRT Survey II began collecting data on 1st October 2015, is currently operating in >40 countries and should complete data collection by June 2016. Conclusion: This pan-European Survey hosted by two ESC Associations will collect essential data permitting national and international benchmarking of clinical practice with regard to CRT. The data collected should provide information relevant for assessing healthcare resource utilisation, help to identify the major obstacles to implementation of CRT therapy and thus create a basis for enhancement of therapy access. Ultimately, we hope that the results will serve to increase CRT implementation for appropriate heart failure patients in Europe.
The synthesis of peptides using micro reactors (2001)

We have demonstrated the first application of multi-step synthesis within a micro reactor and have shown that peptides may be prepared in quantitative yield in a period of 20 min, compared with batch reactions where only moderate yields (40–50%) were obtained in a 24 h period.