gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiscale Traffic Processing Techniques for Network Inference and Control (2006)

Abstract : This final report overviews Rice University's accomplishments in the project Multiscale Traffic Processing Techniques for Network Inference and Control in the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency's, DARPA, Network Modeling & Simulation program. The overall goal of this project was the development of new traffic models, analysis techniques, and model-based processing algorithms for dealing with the type of bursty traffic that can saturate a link or network. Rice's new models are based on the powerful theory of multifractals and represent a step forward in traffic modeling technology. In addition to providing a better understanding of the traffic mechanisms that cause burstiness, they have integrated model fitting, synthesis, inference and prediction within one rigorous statistical framework. Their new models, designed to match salient traffic characteristics at many levels of abstraction and over a broad range of time scales, offer realism while remaining analytically and empirically tractable, statistically robust, and computationally efficient.
Network Sampling: From Static to Streaming Graphs (2012)

Network sampling is integral to the analysis of social, information, and biological networks. Since many real-world networks are massive in size, continuously evolving, and/or distributed in nature, the network structure is often sampled in order to facilitate study. For these reasons, a more thorough and complete understanding of network sampling is critical to support the field of network science. In this paper, we outline a framework for the general problem of network sampling, by highlighting the different objectives, population and units of interest, and classes of network sampling methods. In addition, we propose a spectrum of computational models for network sampling methods, ranging from the traditionally studied model based on the assumption of a static domain to a more challenging model that is appropriate for streaming domains. We design a family of sampling methods based on the concept of graph induction that generalize across the full spectrum of computational models (from static to streaming) while efficiently preserving many of the topological properties of the input graphs. Furthermore, we demonstrate how traditional static sampling algorithms can be modified for graph streams for each of the three main classes of sampling methods: node, edge, and topology-based sampling. Our experimental results indicate that our proposed family of sampling methods more accurately preserves the underlying properties of the graph for both static and streaming graphs. Finally, we study the impact of network sampling algorithms on the parameter estimation and performance evaluation of relational classification algorithms.
Photopolymer media for holographic data storage (1999)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text L. Dhar, A. Hale, M. Schnoes, M. Schilling, H. Katz, C. Boyd, K. Curtis, M. Tackitt, W. Wilson, and A. Hill, "Photopolymer Media for Holographie Data Storage," in Organic Thin Films for Photonic Applications, OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 1999), paper SuC1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Practical Synthesis of 3-Carboxy-(2R)- [[hydroxy[(tetradecyl)oxy]phosphinyl]oxy]-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminium Hydroxide Inner Salt (CPI975):  A Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase I Inhibitor (2002)

An efficient, safe, and cost-effective synthesis of 3-carboxy-(2R)-[[hydroxy[(tetradecyl)oxy]phosphinyl]oxy]-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminium hydroxide inner salt (1, CPI975), a carnitine palmitoyltransferase I inhibitor, is described. The reaction of 1-tetradecanol (2) with stoichiometric amounts of PCl3 in THF at −15 to −20 °C furnished 1-tetradecyl phosphorochloridate (3). Treatment of 3 directly with l-carnitine (7) in THF in the presence of 2,4,6-collidine afforded 8, which was oxidized with bromine to afford a crude aqueous solution of 1. Desalting was done using a cheap, stable, and recyclable resin Amberlite XAD-4. The drug substance was purified by recrystallization from a mixture of ethanol and THF. The yield of 1 was 65% with 99.7% purity. Alternatively, instead of desalting with Amberlite XAD-4 resin, 1 can be isolated by an extraction with 1-decanol, followed by precipitation with acetone and recrystallization from ethanol and THF mixture.
Quantitative measurement of airborne allergens from dust mites, dogs, and cats using an ion‐charging device (2003)

Exposure to cat or dog allergen airborne in homes with an animal can be up to 100 times higher than exposure to mite allergen. The results are in keeping with a model where immunological tolerance to animal dander allergens results from high exposure.
Graphene-based Nanoelectronics (FY11) (2012)

Abstract : A large program in graphene-based nanoelectronics has continued at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) under the auspices of the ARL Director's Strategic Initiative (DSI). An array of capabilities for graphene growth, characterization, device fabrication, and device modeling has been established, and expertise has been gained in all facets of this research. Significant results have been achieved, including growth of single-, bi-, and few-layer graphene; development of a graphene transfer process; development of atomic layer deposition of dielectrics for graphene devices; and the modeling, designing, and fabricating of graphene-based field effect transistors with radio frequency (RF) performance up to 3 GHz. This research could potentially have enormous benefits for the American Soldier including smaller and more efficient power electronics and communication systems, transparent and flexible electronics, and wearable electronics.
ChemInform Abstract: Interaction of Complexes Mn(PPhMe2)Br, and Mn(PEt3)Br2 with Sulfur Dioxide. (1986)

Abstract IR‐spektroskopische Untersuchungen bestätigen, daß die Reaktion der Titelkomplexe MnLBr2 (L: PPhMe 2 , PEt 3 ) mit SO 2 jeweils zwei unterschiedliche Produkte ergibt.
N‐(Desoxyguanosin‐8‐yl)anilin aus der in‐vitro‐Umsetzung von N‐Acetoxyanilin mit Desoxyguanosin und DNA (1989)

Die in‐vitro‐Synthese des Anilin‐Desoxyguanosin‐Adduktes 1 gelang sowohl mit reinem Desoxyguanosin als auch mit DNA. Verwendet wurde dazu N ‐Acetoxyanilin, ein potentieller Metabolit und möglicherweise das entscheidende Carcinogen von Anilin. Es wurde aus Phenylhydroxylamin und AcCN synthetisiert und reagierte mit Desoxyguanosin in 6% Ausbeute zu 1 . magnified image
Biogenic Hydrogen Sulfide Production Using Elemental Sulfur and Low-Cost Organic Substrates to Remove Metal Ions from Mining Effluents (2023)

One of the best technologies available for metal removal from mining effluents is the precipitation of metals as sulfides. However, the high cost and difficulty in managing reagents limit its widespread application. Recent literature suggests the use of sulfur-reducing bacteria (S°RB) as a safe and effective alternative to producing H2S. Nevertheless, direct substrates for S°RB are high-cost low molecular compounds. This research aimed to evaluate the ability to produce sulfides by sulfur-reducing consortia in fixed-bed bioreactors using complex organic substrates. Consortia enriched using cellulose or Spirulina as electron donors were phylogenetically characterized by fluorescent in situ hybridization. Microorganisms belonging to Bacteria and Archaea were involved, being the most representative of the δ-Proteobacterias. The results obtained in test tube culture indicated that these consortia could use cellulose and Spirulina in alkaline conditions, resulting in high sulfide production. Upflowed fixed-bed bioreactors were implemented to establish optimal parameters., resulting in H2S volumetric productivities ranging from 1.94 to 2.94 mol/m3∙day. In conclusion, an active biomass with significant sulfidogenic activity can be generated in bioreactors under an upflowed regime using cellulose or Spirulina.
Aging and Caloric Restriction in Nonhuman Primates (2001)

In a long-term longitudinal study of aging in rhesus monkeys, a primary objective has been to determine the effects of aging and caloric restriction (CR) on behavioral and neural parameters. Through the use of automated devices, locomotor activity can be monitored in the home cages of the monkeys. Studies completed thus far indicate a clear age-related decline in activity consistent with such observations in many other species, including humans. However, no consistent effects of CR on activity have been observed. Selected groups of monkeys have also been involved in brain imaging studies, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET). MRI studies completed thus far reveal a clear age-related decline in the volumes of the basal ganglia, the putamen, and the caudate nucleus, with no change in total brain volume. PET analysis has revealed an age-related decline in the binding potential of dopamine D2 receptors in the same brain regions. These results are consistent with findings in humans. Although additional longitudinal analysis is needed to confirm the present results, it would appear that locomotor activity, volume of the basal ganglia, as well as dopamine D2 receptor binding potential provide reliable, noninvasive biomarkers of aging in rhesus monkeys.
Shoulder Joint Dislocation as an Unusual Complication of Defibrillation Threshold Testing Following Subcutaneous Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Implantation (2014)

A 53-year-old man underwent implantation of a totally subcutaneous ICD (S-ICD; Boston Scientific). He was positioned supine, with the left arm abducted, externally rotated (i.e. palm up) and strapped to the arm extender. The generator was placed in the left mid-axillary line along the 5th-6th intercostal spaces and the defibrillation coil was tunneled anterior to the sternum. Defibrillation threshold (DFT) testing with 65 Jcaused a forceful pectoralis twitch. The patient woke up with a painful anteriorly dislocated left shoulder. Glenohumeral dislocation due to DFT testing has not been previously reported. It is likely that this complication is specific to the S-ICD implantation, and is related to positioning with the arm abducted, externally rotated, and immobilized, and use of greater defibrillation energy with current pathway through the bulk of the pectoralis muscle.Precautions may include extending the arm palm down, strapping the arm loosely, and adduction of the arm for DFT testing.
Growth mechanism of nanoparticles prepared by radio frequency sputtering (1997)

Growth mechanisms of nanometer-sized particles prepared by rf sputtering on silica glass layers were examined. Gold and gallium arsenide (GaAs) particles synthesized with varying sputtering times on a SiO2 sputtered layer were subsequently buried in a SiO2 film by sputtering a SiO2 target. Transmission electron microscopy showed that in both cases, with increasing sputtering time, the number density decreased and the distance between neighboring particles increased in the initial stage of the growth, which suggests that the particles migrate on the SiO2 surface and coalesce with each other as they grow. Differences of GaAs and gold particle formation suggest that the mobility of the GaAs particles is much larger than that of gold. The results suggest that the migration of nanoparticles is activated by the bond-formation energy released during the incorporation of precursors into growing particles.
Organic photosensitive devices (2023)

A photoactive device is provided. The device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a photoactive region disposed between and electrically connected to the first and second electrodes. The photoactive region further includes an organic donor layer and an organic acceptor layer that form a donor-acceptor heterojunction. The mobility of holes in the organic donor region and the mobility of electrons in the organic acceptor region are different by a factor of at least 100, and more preferably a factor of at least 1000. At least one of the mobility of holes in the organic donor region and the mobility of electrons in the organic acceptor region is greater than 0.001 cm.sup.2/V-sec, and more preferably greater than 1 cm.sup.2/V-sec. The heterojunction may be of various types, including a planar heterojunction, a bulk heterojunction, a mixed heterojunction, and a hybrid planar-mixed heterojunction.
Leveraging Physical-Layer Cooperation for Energy Conservation (2013)

Physical-layer (PHY) cooperation is a technique for achieving multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO)-like performance improvements on small devices that cannot support antenna arrays. Devices in a network transmit on behalf of their neighbors to act as “virtual MIMO” antennas. Since small devices are typically battery constrained, PHY cooperation immediately leads to the following question related to the energy efficiency (bits per joule) of devices: Is the performance improvement worth the extra energy costs of transmitting for others? Through an in-depth hardware test-bed study, we find that PHY cooperation can improve energy efficiency by as much as 320%, or it can reduce energy efficiency by as much as 25%, depending upon topology. With this performance gap in mind, we propose the distributed energy-conserving cooperation (DECC) protocol. DECC tunes the amount of effort that each device dedicates to providing cooperative assistance for others so that the energy that each device spends on cooperation is commensurate with the personal benefits that are received by that device. With DECC, users can tune their level of cooperation with completely node-localized decision-making. Thus, DECC allows nodes to tap into a large energy-efficiency benefit, suffering only a bounded preset loss when this benefit is not available.
Rapid hematopoietic recovery after multicycle high-dose chemotherapy: enhancement of filgrastim-induced progenitor-cell mobilization by recombinant human stem-cell factor. (1998)

Mobilization of PBPCs by filgrastim is significantly enhanced by coadministration of SCF, and commencing SCF before filgrastim can optimize this effect. SCF has the potential to reduce the number of aphereses required to collect a target number of PBPCs.
Waypoint shift manifolds for object color evaluation and comparison (2020)

Abstract Variability in object appearance is common in everyday experience and this variability can generally be attributed to the relationships between viewing conditions and the composition of an object's spectral reflectances. This paper proposes that objects, illuminants, and observers can be evaluated using a Wpt (Waypoint) shift manifold (WSM), which is defined as a set of Wpt points associated with one or more objects, observers, and/or illuminants. Since spectral reflectances of an object can be decomposed to three components (a wavelength invariant nonselective component, a characteristic reflectance, and a metameric black reflectance), WSMs of any object for an observing condition is composed of three Wpt vectors associated with a perfect reflecting diffuser, the characteristic reflectance, and the metameric black reflectance of the object. Material shift potential (MSP) can be defined as shapes and orientations of object WSMs for evaluation and comparison of object colors. Experimental results show that MSP are dramatically influenced by Wpt vectors associated with the characteristic reflectance and the metameric black reflectance for an object rather than the Wpt vectors associated with nonselective reflectance. Thus, MSP can be preserved for objects having similar characteristic reflectances and metameric black reflectances. In other words, spectral reflectances that have been manipulated to have similar overall shapes exhibit similar color inconstancy.
Atom probe analysis of interfacial abruptness and clustering within a single InxGa1−xN quantum well device on semipolar (101¯1¯) GaN substrate (2011)

Pulsed laser atom probe tomography (APT) of InxGa1−xN single quantum well (SQW) grown on semipolar (101¯1¯) GaN orientation estimates the interior atomic composition within the SQW at 6.5±0.7 at. % In, 46.2±0.7 at. % Ga, and 47.3±0.7 at. % N. The atom probe analysis is performed in both “top-down” and “cross-section” orientations. Self-consistent Schrödinger–Poisson simulation employing structural and compositional parameters obtained from APT results estimates the polarization field within the SQW at 720 kV/cm. A statistical method for the evaluation of indium homogeneity within the SQW is also considered.
A novel role of the conserved glutamate in aldehyde dehydrogenase catalysis (2008)

Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) catalysis requires the NAD(P) + coenzyme and involves two steps, acylation and deacylation. The active site of every ALDH has two strictly conserved residues, Cys302 and Glu268, which are essential for catalysis. While the role of the cysteine as a catalytic nucleophile is well established, the function of the glutamate is ambiguous. It has been proposed that the glutamate either deprotonates Cys302 during the acylation step or activates a water molecule in the deacylation step. Our crystallographic studies, aimed at clarifying the role of the glutamate, revealed that the substitution of an alanine for this residue in the ALDH domain of rat 10‐formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase traps NADP + in the active site, rendering the enzyme inactive. In this mutant, the coenzyme is bound so tightly that it cannot be removed by conventional techniques such as dialysis or chromatography, as well as by back‐soaking of protein crystals. At the same time, the conformation of the coenzyme remains the same as in the wild‐type enzyme. Thus, the glutamate is apparently required to prevent irreversible binding of NADP + and to provide coenzyme mobility that is necessary for ALDH catalysis.
flt-3 Ligand Is More Potent Than c-kit Ligand for the Synergistic Stimulation of Ex Vivo Hematopoietic Cell Expansion (1996)

The c-kit and flt-3 tyrosine kinase receptors are expressed on primitive hematopoietic cells, and ligands for both receptors have been cloned. In this study, the effects of c-kit ligand (KL) and flt-3 ligand (FL) were compared in the presence of IL-3, GM-CSF, and erythropoietin (3/GM/EPO), using frequent medium exchange cultures of human bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) and CD34-enriched cells. In MNC cultures, KL increased cell output by 1.7-fold (p < 10(-4), n = 13) and CFU-GM output by 2.4-fold (p < 10(-3)) as compared with control cultures containing only 3/GM/EPO. Analogously, FL increased cell output by 1.3-fold (p < 10(-3)) and CFU-GM output by 4.4-fold (p < 10(-6)). Therefore, FL was more potent on CFU-GM output than KL, but neither altered the lineage composition (granulocyte, monocyte, macrophage) of the colonies produced. Direct addition of KL or FL to colony assays resulted in only a 1.2-fold increase in CFU-GM outgrowth, suggesting that the effects on increased CFU-GM output were at the preprogenitor stage. In CD34-enriched cell cultures, the effects of KL and FL on CFU-GM output were similar (9-fold above control). Nevertheless, MNC cultures (containing an equivalent number of CD34+lin- cells) always generated more cells (2-fold to 4-fold) and CFU-GM (3-fold to 6-fold) than did parallel cultures of CD34-enriched cells. The greater effect of FL (over KL) in MNC cultures was probably due to synergy with endogenously produced growth factors that were absent in CD34-enriched cell cultures. FL-containing cultures (+/-KL) generated cells that formed larger colonies, and these cells had more proliferative potential on replating into secondary and tertiary cultures. Furthermore, FL increased the output of LTC-IC by 2.1-fold (p < 0.01) and CD34+lin- cells by 6-fold (p < 0.05) as compared with 3/GM/EPO cultures. In contrast, KL did not affect the output of LTC-IC and only slightly increased CD34+lin- cell output (by 1.4-fold). Erythrocytes were increased by KL (2.8-fold) and decreased by FL (0.6-fold), whereas granulocytes and monocytes were increased by both KL (1.4-fold) and FL (2.0-fold). When used together, KL and FL were completely additive with respect to cell, CFU-GM, and LTC-IC output, as well as lineage composition. The results indicate that FL is a more potent synergistic growth factor than KL for MNC expansion and that KL and FL act in an independent, direct, additive manner.
Game-Theoretic Lane-Changing Decision Making and Payoff Learning for Autonomous Vehicles (2022)

In this paper, the problem of decision making for autonomous vehicles changing lanes is addressed by formulating multiple games in normal form for pairs of agents. This formulation generates the optimal action for the Ego vehicle at a given state and does not consider global optimality for all agents. The payoff matrices of the games are designed based on a user-defined set of rules. The constant parameters of these payoffs are then adjusted using neural learning to generate optimal behavior among the vehicles. An algorithm integrating deep reinforcement learning and game theory, regarded as Nash Q-learning, is included in the decision-making scheme. The applicability of the proposed method in a lane-changing scenario is tested via simulation.
Detection of mutations of the RB1 gene in retinoblastoma patients by using exon-by-exon PCR-SSCP analysis. (1994)

Most sporadic cases of retinoblastoma, malignant eye tumor of children, may require the identification of a mutation of the retinoblastoma gene (RB1 gene) for precise genetic counseling. We established a mutation detection system of and screened for the RB1 gene mutation in 24 patients with retinoblastoma--12 bilateral patients and 12 unilateral patients. Mutation analysis was performed by PCR-mediated SSCP analysis in the entire coding region and promoter region, as an initial screening method, followed by direct genomic sequencing. Possible oncogenic mutations were identified in 14 (58%) of 24 tumors, of which 6 were single base substitutions, 4 were small deletions, 3 were small insertions, and 1 was a complex alteration due to deletion-insertion. A constitutional somatic mosaicism was suggested in one bilateral patient. A majority (57%) of mutations were found in E1A binding domains, and all were presumed to truncate the normal gene products. The mutation analysis presented here may provide a basis for the screening system of RB1 gene mutations in retinoblastoma patients.