gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microfluidic‐based nanoparticle synthesis and their potential applications (2021)

A lot of substantial innovation in advancement of microfluidic field in recent years to produce nanoparticle reveals a number of distinctive characteristics, for instance, compactness, controllability, fineness in process, and stability along with minimal reaction amount. Recently, a prompt development, as well as realization in the production of nanoparticles in microfluidic environment having dimension of micro to nanometers and constituents extending from metals, semiconductors to polymers, has been made. Microfluidics technology integrates fluid mechanics for the production of nanoparticles having exclusive with homogenous sizes, shapes, and morphology, which are utilized in several bioapplications such as biosciences, drug delivery, and healthcare including food engineering. Nanoparticles are usually well-known for having fine and rough morphology because of their small dimensions including exceptional physical, biological, chemical, and optical properties. Though the orthodox procedures need huge instruments, costly autoclaves, use extra power, extraordinary heat loss, as well as take surplus time for synthesis. Additionally, this is fascinating to systematize, assimilate, in addition, to reduce traditional tools onto one platform to produce micro and nanoparticles. The synthesis of nanoparticles by microfluidics permits fast handling besides better efficacy of method utilizing the smallest components for process. Herein, we will focus on synthesis of nanoparticles by means of microfluidic devices intended for different bioapplications.
Low-temperature plasma for high-power tuning (2017)

Low-temperature plasma as an enabling technology for tunable high-frequency devices is reviewed in this paper with particular attention given to high-power applications. As is well known, resistance of a bulk plasma region can be controlled by its electron number density. Furthermore, changing sheath thickness of a plasma structure also results in variable capacitance behavior. By properly employing these plasma attributes in different discharge regimes, it is possible to use plasma as a tunable high-frequency material particularly for high-power applications where other tuning technologies are suboptimal.
EBV induces persistent NF-κB activation and contributes to survival of EBV-positive neoplastic T- or NK-cells (2017)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been detected in several T- and NK-cell neoplasms such as extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma nasal type, aggressive NK-cell leukemia, EBV-positive peripheral T-cell lymphoma, systemic EBV-positive T-cell lymphoma of childhood, and chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV). However, how this virus contributes to lymphomagenesis in T or NK cells remains largely unknown. Here, we examined NF-κB activation in EBV-positive T or NK cell lines, SNT8, SNT15, SNT16, SNK6, and primary EBV-positive and clonally proliferating T/NK cells obtained from the peripheral blood of patients with CAEBV. Western blotting, electrophoretic mobility shift assays, and immunofluorescent staining revealed persistent NF-κB activation in EBV-infected cell lines and primary cells from patients. Furthermore, we investigated the role of EBV in infected T cells. We performed an in vitro infection assay using MOLT4 cells infected with EBV. The infection directly induced NF-κB activation, promoted survival, and inhibited etoposide-induced apoptosis in MOLT4 cells. The luciferase assay suggested that LMP1 mediated NF-κB activation in MOLT4 cells. IMD-0354, a specific inhibitor of NF-κB that suppresses NF-κB activation in cell lines, inhibited cell survival and induced apoptosis. These results indicate that EBV induces NF-κB-mediated survival signals in T and NK cells, and therefore, may contribute to the lymphomagenesis of these cells.
Influence of plasma on the osmotic sensitivity of large unilamellar vesicles prepared by extrusion. (1994)

In the presence of plasma, the osmotic differential required to trigger lysis of large unilamellar vesicles is significantly decreased with the membrane tension at rupture being reduced from about 36 to about 12 dynes/cm for vesicles composed of palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylcholine: cholesterol (55:45). Despite increasing vesicle sensitivity, however, plasma does not alter the characteristics of osmotically induced lysis. As in the absence of plasma, lysis is not an all-or-nothing event but instead results in only partial loss of intravesicular solute, so that following membrane resealing the vesicle interior remains hyperosmotic with respect to the external medium. To identify the component responsible for the observed increase in vesicle osmotic sensitivity, plasma was fractionated by density centrifugation. Albumin and other soluble plasma proteins, including those associated with the complement system, were found to exert only a modest influence on vesicle osmotic behavior. In contrast all of the lipoprotein fractions lowered vesicle tolerance to osmotic pressure, with high density lipoprotein exerting an effect comparable to whole plasma.
A case of spherocytosis with complete deficiency of erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.2, accompanied with arachnoid cyst and congenital ocular anomalies. (1989)

症例は37才の女性で黄疸,貧血,心窩部痛,背部痛を主訴として入院,諸検査より球状赤血球症と診断した.赤血球膜蛋白質のSDS-ポリアクリルアミドゲル電気泳動法による解析にてバンド4.2の完全欠損が認められた.さらに小角膜,視神経萎縮をはじめとする多彩な眼球形成異常とくも膜嚢胞を合併していた.両者の関係は明確でないが,きわめてまれな症例と考えられた.
P‐43: A Multi‐Chip Reference Current Generating Circuit for Current‐Mode Column Driver ICs (2007)

Abstract A reference current generating circuit is proposed for current‐mode displays using plural column driver ICs. The circuit supplies the uniform current with the column drivers. The cascaded circuits use an input reference current, sense it, and independently generate output currents in accordance with the current. The variation of generated output current in the reference current generating circuit of each column driver IC is reduced as compared with the conventional method. The generated output currents in column drivers have 0.1% error to the input reference current.
Identification of Some Metabolic Products of 5′‐Deoxy‐5′‐S‐Isobutylthioadenosine, an Inhibitor of Virus‐Induced Cell Transformation (1978)

5' -Deoxy-5' -S-isobutylthioadenosine (iBuS)5' Ado has been shown to be rapidly degraded to 5-deoxy-5-S-isobutylthioribose and adenine in procaryotes. In chick embryo fibroblasts there are two metabolic pathways for (iBuS)5' Ado degradation: (a) oxidative deamination into 5' -deoxy-5'-S-isobutylthioinosine (the main product) and (b) hydrolysis into 5-deoxy-5-S-isobutylthioribose plus adenine. The latter reaction is not due to bacterial contamination, since the same results were obtained under sterile conditions and in chick embryo fibroblasts in culture. The inhibition of the virus-induced cell transformation reported by us previously was due to (iBuS)5' Ado rather than to the main metabolic product of this molecule in chick embryo fibroblasts.
Cellular Sentinels Toxicity Platform (2017)

Abstract : The ultimate goal of toxicity testing is to assess the likely risks posed to human populations at ambient exposure levels. Unfortunately, current approaches to toxicology are expensive and are vastly outpaced by the rate of discovery of new compounds. To address this imbalance, research scientists at Sanford Burnham Prebys have developed the Cellular Sentinels Toxicity Platform. This approach combines induced pluripotent stem cells and their derivatives with rapid high-throughput screens of cellular morphology and physiology. Over the last three years, we have successfully advanced and validated the platform, demonstrating utility in its application to the rapid identification of potentially toxic compounds.
Enantioselective Intramolecular Aldol Addition/Dehydration Reaction of a Macrocyclic Diketone: Synthesis of the Musk Odorants (R)‐Muscone and (R,Z)‐5‐Muscenone (2007)

Hundert Jahre nach der ersten Isolierung von natürlichem (R)-Muscon [(R)-1] wurde ein kurzer und effizienter Zugang zu den Duftstoffen (R)-1 und (R,Z)-5-Muscenon [(R)-2] gefunden. Die Synthese nutzt eine neuartige Sequenz aus reversibler intramolekularer Aldoladdition und enantioselektiver Dehydratisierung (bis 76 % ee; siehe Schema).
Stochastic Subgradient MCMC Methods. (2015)

Many Bayesian models involve continuous but non-differentiable log-posteriors, including the sparse Bayesian methods with a Laplace prior and the regularized Bayesian methods with maxmargin posterior regularization that acts like a likelihood term. In analogy to the popular stochastic subgradient methods for deterministic optimization, we present the stochastic subgradient MCMC for efficient posterior inference in such Bayesian models in order to deal with largescale applications. We investigate the variants that use adaptive stepsizes and thermostats to improve mixing speeds. Experimental results on a wide range of problems demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
Curiosity, place and wellbeing: encouraging place-specific curiosity as a ‘way to wellbeing’ (2015)

This paper advances understandings of relationships between wellbeing and place by exploring one mechanism by which place is mobilised in the pursuit of wellbeing: the cultivation and practice of curiosity. It does so through discussion of projects funded through the Decade of Health and Wellbeing in Liverpool, England. This scheme advances ‘five ways to wellbeing,’ one of which – ‘take notice’ – encourages curiosity in and about places. Three projects – memory boxes for people living with dementia; a community garden in an area experiencing socio-economic deprivation; and an urban photography project involving veterans – form the case studies on which this paper is based. We focus on two related sets of practices and approaches to curiosity: (1) learning to see places differently; (2) focussing on the micro-geographies of place – literally, curiosities – such as found objects. These practices suggest ways in which ordinary places may be a catalyst for curiosity in ways that may benefit both individual and collective forms of wellbeing. This allows us to see and understand place and wellbeing in relational terms. In so doing, this paper contributes to conceptual debates about wellbeing, place and curiosity, and the relationships between these.
Synthetic analogues of polynucleotides. X. The synthesis of poly-(3'-O-carboxymethyl-2'-deoxyadenosine) and its interaction with polynucleotides. (1973)

Abstract An analogue of poly(A), containing acetate ester in place of phosphodiester linkages, has been synthesized by polymerising 3′-O- carboxymethyl -2′- deoxyadenosine . The resulting polymer, (poly(dAcm)) showed a hyperchromicity of 14.2 % at 260 nm upon hydrolysis to its monomer units. A study of the stability of an analogue with a similar structure to poly(dAcm) shows that at 37 °C the half-life of these compounds is about 127 h at pH 6.0, 26 h at pH 7.0 and 7 h at pH 7.5. Poly(dAcm) gave a hypochromic effect of 21 % with poly(U) in 0.30 M NaCl −0.030 M sodium citrate and there appeared to be formed a 1 : 1 complex. The T m of the hybrid was 29 °C in 0.30 M NaCl −0.030 M sodium citrate and 36–37 °C in 1 M salt. The hybrid was rapidly degraded by ribonuclease A, and at 20 °C the hybrid slowly degraded due to the hydrolysis of poly(dAcm). Poly(dAcm) gave no hypochromic effect with poly(A). Poly(dAcm) gave a hypochromic effect with a similar synthetic analogue, poly(dTcm), both in 0.30 M NaCl −0.030 M sodium citrate and in the presence of 10 % dimethylformamide. The T m (in 1 M salt and 10 % dimethylformamide) was 28 °C. Ribonuclease had no effect on the hybrid but it slowly decomposed in solution. There was evidence that the hybrid was an A · 2T complex. Poly(dAcm) did not stimulate or interfere with the binding of Lys-tRNA Lys to ribosomes in the presence of poly(A), but it did increase the binding of Phe-tRNA Phe to ribosomes in the presence of poly(U). Poly(dAcm) had no effect, in an Escherichia coli cell-free system, upon polylysine synthesis directed by poly(A), nor did the analogue direct the synthesis of polylysine. It did, however, inhibit the poly(U)-directed synthesis of polyphenylalanine; an equimolar amount of analogue causing almost 50 % inhibition after 5 min at 37 °C.
Cloning and expression of the gene encoding the fructose-1,6-diphosphate-dependent L-(+)-lactate dehydrogenase of Streptococcus mutans (1990)

The fructose-1,6-diphosphate-dependent lactate dehydrogenase from Streptococcus mutans JH1000 was purified by a modification of published methods. The sequence of 27 amino-terminal amino acids was determined, which allowed us to construct a 17-base DNA probe that had 32-fold degeneracy. The probe was used to screen a genomic library in pBR322. Of 18 reactive clones, 1 was found that expressed lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity identical to that of S. mutans with regard to dependence on fructose-1,6-diphosphate, thermal inactivation profile, and inhibition by sodium oxamate. Extracts of this clone possessed a protein band that comigrated in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with purified LDH from JH1000. Compared with controls, the clone was shown to produce elevated amounts of L-(+)-lactic acid during growth in the presence of glucose, thereby indicating that the activity was expressed in vivo. This result was substantiated by demonstrating that the activity could complement a mutation in the fermentative D-(-)-LDH of Escherichia coli. Subcloning showed that the S. mutans LDH subunit is encoded by a 1.2-kilobase gene. Our ability to clone this gene is expected to have great practical significance in the construction of an effector strain for use in the replacement therapy of dental caries.
Optimized spiral imaging for measurement of myocardial T2 relaxation (2003)

Microcirculation oxygen levels and blood volumes should be reflected in measurements of myocardial T(2) relaxation. This work describes the optimization of a spiral imaging strategy for robust myocardial T(2) measurement to minimize the standard deviation of T(2) measurement (sigmaT(2)). Theoretical and experimental studies of blurring at muscle/blood interfaces enabled the derivation of parameter sets which reduce sigma T(2) to the level of 5%. T(2) relaxation mapping within healthy volunteers provided estimation of residual sigmaT(2) within the optimized technique. The standard deviation in T(2) measurement across regions of interest (ROIs) in different locations is about 9%. The standard deviation in T(2) measurement in an ROI across different time points is about 5%.
A genetically encoded photocaged N ε -methyl- l -lysine (2010)

A photocaged N(epsilon)-methyl-L-lysine has been genetically incorporated into proteins at amber codon positions in Escherichia coli using an evolved pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase-pylT pair. Its genetic incorporation and following photolysis to recover N(epsilon)-methyl-L-lysine at physiological pH provide a convenient method for the biosynthesis of proteins with monomethylated lysines at specific sites.
Low loss polycrystalline silicon waveguides and devices for multilayer on-chip optical interconnects (2013)

We have investigated the feasibility of multimode polysilicon waveguides to demonstrate the suitability of polysilicon as a candidate for multilayer photonic applications. Solid Phase Crystallization (SPC) with a maximum temperature of 1000&deg;C is used to create polysilicon on thermally grown SiO<sub>2</sub>. We then measure the propagation losses for various waveguide widths on both polysilicon and crystalline silicon platforms. We find that as the width increases for polysilicon waveguides, the propagation loss decreases similar to crystalline silicon waveguides. The difference in loss between the two platforms for a given waveguide width is due to the scattering from the polysilicon grain boundaries, which excites higher order modes. Depending on the waveguide width, these modes either propagate as higher order modes or are lost as radiation modes. Due to their different propagation constants, the presence of higher order modes is confirmed using sub-wavelength grating couplers. At a waveguide width of 10&mu;m, polysilicon and crystalline silicon waveguides have propagation losses of 0.56dB/cm and 0.31dB/cm, respectively, indicating there is little bulk absorption from the polysilicon. This propagation loss is the lowest for polysilicon demonstrated to date. Modal conversion in multimode waveguides by polysilicon grain boundary scattering are investigated using a sub-wavelength grating coupler and discussed. These results vindicate the use of polysilicon waveguides of varying widths in photonic integrated circuits.
<title>Description of SYGTHERM and its application in developing large-area, high-fidelity, synthetic thermal maps</title> (1997)

This paper describes a method to generate a large area, hi- fidelity, synthetic thermal map used to create IR sensor synthetic images. The computer program used to construct the thermal map is called SYGTHERM. Construction of the detailed thermal map is achieved using general material polygons, detailed digital terrain maps, high resolution polygon objects, thermal estimation algorithms, and generic thermal textures extracted from radiometric data. Infrared images representing various times of the day in Texas and California are presented. Three dimensional (3D) polygonal information used in image construction is based on delineation of stereo pair images taken at the specified sites. High resolution wireframes are placed in the scenes to represent possible structures of interest. Spatial image comparisons to actual radiometric data are shown.
Laboratory assessment of warfarin reversal with global coagulation tests versus international normalized ratio in patients with intracranial bleeding (2015)

We assess the in-vivo relationship between international normalized ratio (INR) and global coagulation tests in patients with life-threatening bleeding who received prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) for warfarin reversal. This was a prospective pilot study in adult patients with intracranial bleeding related to anticoagulation with warfarin. Thromboelastography (TEG), thrombin generation parameters and INR were assessed at baseline, 30 min, 2 and 24 h after PCC. Changes in laboratory parameters and relationship between INR and global coagulation tests were assessed over time. Eight patients mean [standard deviation (SD)] age 72 (16) were included and received mean (SD) dose of PCC 24 (5) units/kg. Four patients died during the study, all with INR values more than 1.5 thirty minutes after PCC. Mean (SD) INR was 3.0 (1.3) and decreased significantly to 1.8 (0.48) thirty minutes after PCC (P < 0.01). Baseline endogenous thrombin potential and thrombin peak were 890 nmol/min and 123 nmol and increased significantly to 1943 nmol/min (P < 0.01) and 301 nmol (P < 0.01) 30 min after PCC administration. Reaction (R)-time decreased significantly (P = 0.02), and maximum amplitude and overall coagulation index (CI) significantly increased during treatment (P < 0.01, respectively). Thrombin generation and TEG values corrected after PCC administration; however, INR did not fully correct. Patients that died tended to be older with prolonged INR values across the study period. INR and TEG values correlated well with thrombin generation before administration of PCC, but this relationship was lost afterward.
A Novel MCT Structure For Power Integrated Cirluits (1993)

A novel MOS Controlled Thyristor(MCT) structure suitable for Power Integrated Circuits is proposed and predicted performance from simulation are reported. The novel MCT stuctre has the features of: 1) an LIGBT cell structure to control the tum 'on' of the MCT cells; 2) many MCI cells which are paraleled in a fashion similar to the conventional MCT structure; 3) the turn off using a second tunm off gate which shorts the anode of the main thyristor. The advantage of the novel strucre(termed the LIGBT-MCT) includes compatibility for laterl power integration, vertical current flow to realise high current density power integration and breakdown voltage controlled by the RESURF principle. The maximum controllable current of the LIGBT-MCT is similar to that of state-of-aft discrete MCTs
The Essentiality of the Fungus-Specific Dam1 Complex Is Correlated with a One-Kinetochore-One-Microtubule Interaction Present throughout the Cell Cycle, Independent of the Nature of a Centromere (2011)

A fungus-specific outer kinetochore complex, the Dam1 complex, is essential in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, nonessential in fission yeast, and absent from metazoans. The reason for the reductive evolution of the functionality of this complex remains unknown. Both Candida albicans and Schizosaccharomyces pombe have regional centromeres as opposed to the short-point centromeres of S. cerevisiae. The interaction of one microtubule per kinetochore is established both in S. cerevisiae and C. albicans early during the cell cycle, which is in contrast to the multiple microtubules that bind to a kinetochore only during mitosis in S. pombe. Moreover, the Dam1 complex is associated with the kinetochore throughout the cell cycle in S. cerevisiae and C. albicans but only during mitosis in S. pombe. Here, we show that the Dam1 complex is essential for viability and indispensable for proper mitotic chromosome segregation in C. albicans. The kinetochore localization of the Dam1 complex is independent of the kinetochore-microtubule interaction, but the function of this complex is monitored by a spindle assembly checkpoint. Strikingly, the Dam1 complex is required to prevent precocious spindle elongation in premitotic phases. Thus, constitutive kinetochore localization associated with a one-microtubule-one kinetochore type of interaction, but not the length of a centromere, is correlated with the essentiality of the Dam1 complex.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Trisubstituted Thioindoles via a Novel Tricyclic Thiolactone Intermediate. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Transseptal chordal replacement: early experience (2021)

Chordal replacement is a fundamental technique used in the surgical repair of primary mitral regurgitation, and can be an effective means of preserving the native valve without leaflet resection. Surgical chordal replacement can be challenging since it is performed on an open, non-beating heart, and choosing the correct chord length to restore the zone of coaptation requires both intuition and skill. Developing transcatheter, transfemoral, and transseptal approaches to mitral valve chordal replacement presents the opportunity for safer and potentially earlier treatment of patients with primary mitral regurgitation. In particular, transcatheter methods will allow adjustment of chordal length and position real-time on a beating heart under echocardiographic guidance. In this manuscript, we review the current transcatheter transseptal technologies in development and discuss the various issues related to device design, efficacy, durability, and clinical trial design.