gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preclinical evaluation of TSPO ligand [18F]PBR06 for PET imaging of glioma (2010)

279 Objectives Translocator protein (TSPO), formerly known as the peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor (PBR), is a crucial trans-mitochondrial membrane protein involved in numerous cellular functions including cholesterol metabolism, steroidogenesis, and apoptosis. Elevated expression of TSPO is found in numerous diseases that range from neuroinflammation to cancer. As an imaging target, TSPO is well-documented in neuroscience, but its role in oncology is less established. Here we report quantitative PET imaging of glioma with [18F]PBR06, a high-affinity TSPO imaging ligand, in preclinical rodent models. Methods [18F]PBR06 was synthesized with high specific activity using published methods. Two weeks prior to imaging, Wistar rats were stereotactically inoculated in the right hemisphere with 10K tumor cells (C6/9L rat glioma) or vehicle. Healthy and tumor-bearing rats were imaged in a microPET Focus 220 system and a 90 min dynamic acquisition was started simultaneously with the injection of ~ 7.4 MBq/0.2 mL [18F]PBR06. Arterial blood was collected to derive the arterial input function (AIF). HPLC radiometabolite analysis was performed on selected blood samples. Compartmental modeling of PET data was performed using a corrected AIF and PMOD program. Results [18F]PBR06 was found to preferentially accumulate in C6 and 9L tumors with little uptake in healthy brain, facilitating excellent contrast between tumor and normal tissue. In contrast to human studies, [18F]PBR06 radiometabolites were not observed over a 90 min acquisition. Time-activity curves (TACs) deduced from tumor and healthy brain regions could be fit to a 3-compartment, 4-parameter model, providing estimates of K1, k2, k3, and k4 in tumor and healthy brain. Conclusions [18F]PBR06 appears to be a promising PET tracer to visualize TSPO expressing tumors such as glioma. Additionally, we anticipate that the [18F]PBR06 scaffold may represent an effective lead for future probe development for cancer imaging. Research Support NI
Alternans-like phenomena due to filtering of electrocardiographic data (2002)

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is the leading cause of cardiovascular mortality in industrialized countries. Repolarization alternans phenomena seem to provide a noninvasive marker for the risk of SCD caused by life threatening arrhythmias. Some definitions have been proposed in the literature in order to quantify the extend of alternans. There is, however, no standard procedure to quantify alternans. A computational investigation is used to show how high pass filtering, which is a commonly applied method to suppress base line oscillations of the ECG, may induce and modify repolarization alternans phenomena. It is concluded that this fact has to be considered if one undertakes studies analyzing T-wave alternans in patient data.
Lens with maximum power occupying a given cylindrical volume (1991)

This paper describes a method by which designs for high power lenses and lenses constrained to very short spaces can be evaluated or started. First the fundamentally highest power refractive lens is presented. Then the paraxial properties of this lens are fully described followed by a brief third order analysis. 1.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Entry to Homochiral Difluorinated Compounds. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
straightjacketis required for the synaptic stabilization ofcacophony, a voltage-gated calcium channel α1 subunit (2008)

In a screen to identify genes involved in synaptic function, we isolated mutations in Drosophila melanogaster straightjacket (stj), an alpha(2)delta subunit of the voltage-gated calcium channel. stj mutant photoreceptors develop normal synaptic connections but display reduced "on-off" transients in electroretinogram recordings, indicating a failure to evoke postsynaptic responses and, thus, a defect in neurotransmission. stj is expressed in neurons but excluded from glia. Mutants exhibit endogenous seizure-like activity, indicating altered neuronal excitability. However, at the synaptic level, stj larval neuromuscular junctions exhibit approximately fourfold reduction in synaptic release compared with controls stemming from a reduced release probability at these synapses. These defects likely stem from destabilization of Cacophony (Cac), the primary presynaptic alpha(1) subunit in D. melanogaster. Interestingly, neuronal overexpression of cac partially rescues the viability and physiological defects in stj mutants, indicating a role for the alpha(2)delta Ca(2+) channel subunit in mediating the proper localization of an alpha(1) subunit at synapses.
Isolation of High Carotenoid-producing <i>Aurantiochytrium</i> sp. Mutants and Improvement of Astaxanthin Productivity Using Metabolic Information (2018)

The marine eukaryotic microheterotroph thraustochytrid genus Aurantiochytrium is a known producer of polyunsaturated fatty acids, carotenoids, and squalene. We previously constructed a lipid fermentation system for Aurantiochytrium sp. strains using underutilized biomass, such as canned syrup and brown macroalgae. To improve the productivity, in this study, Aurantiochytrium sp. RH-7A and RH-7A-7 that produced high levels of carotenoids, such as astaxanthin and canthaxanthin, were isolated through chemical mutagenesis. Moreover, metabolomic analysis of the strain RH-7A revealed that oxidative stress impacts carotenoid accumulation. Accordingly, the addition of ferrous ion (Fe<sup>2+</sup>), as an oxidative stress compound, to the culture medium significantly enhanced the production of astaxanthin by the mutants. These approaches improved the productivity of astaxanthin up to 9.5 mg/L/day at the flask scale using not only glucose but also fructose which is the main carbon source in fermentation systems with syrup and brown algae as the raw materials.
Rewritable and initialization-free AgO/sub x/ type super-resolution optical recording medium (2003)

An initialization-free structure for the AgO/sub x/ super-resolution near-field structure (super-RENS) optical disk has been investigated, and results showed the improvement of the CNR. High reflectivity, better tracking and increasing of the CNR on the initialization-free AgOx super-resolution DVD disk and phase-change disk of AlTi/ZnS-SiO/sub 2//Sb/sub 2/Te/sub 3//Ge/sub 2/Sb/sub 2/Te/sub 5//Sb/sub 2/Te/sub 3//ZnS-SiO/sub 2//polycarbonate have successfully demonstrated the feasibility of this novel structure.
Additional file 6: of Multi-cohort analysis of colorectal cancer metagenome identified altered bacteria across populations and universal bacterial markers (2018)

Figure S5. Boxplot of the three species whose abundance significantly decreased between control, early-, and late-stage CRC (P &lt; 0.05, *P &lt; 0.01, **P &lt; 0.001, ***). (PDF 342 kb)
Metasurface‐Enabled Holographic Lithography for Impact‐Absorbing Nanoarchitected Sheets (2023)

Abstract Nanoarchitected materials represent a class of structural meta‐materials that utilze nanoscale features to achieve unconventional material properties such as ultralow density and high energy absorption. A dearth of fabrication methods capable of producing architected materials with sub‐micrometer resolution over large areas in a scalable manner exists. A fabrication technique is presented that employs holographic patterns generated by laser exposure of phase metasurface masks in negative‐tone photoresists to produce 30–40 µm‐thick nanoarchitected sheets with 2.1 × 2.4 cm 2 lateral dimensions and ≈500 nm‐wide struts organized in layered 3D brick‐and‐mortar‐like patterns to result in ≈50–70% porosity. Nanoindentation arrays over the entire sample area reveal the out‐of‐plane elastic modulus to vary between 300 MPa and 4 GPa, with irrecoverable post‐elastic material deformation commencing via individual nanostrut buckling, densification within layers, shearing along perturbation perimeter, and tensile cracking. Laser induced particle impact tests (LIPIT) indicate specific inelastic energy dissipation of 0.51–2.61 MJ kg −1 , which is comparable to other high impact energy absorbing composites and nanomaterials, such as Kevlar/poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) composite, polystyrene, and pyrolized carbon nanolattices with 23% relative density. These results demonstrate that holographic lithography offers a promising platform for scalable manufacturing of nanoarchitected materials with impact resistant capabilities.
Crystallization of Li 2 O · Al 2 O 3 · 6SiO 2 Glasses Containing Niobium Pentoxide as Nucleating Dopant (1991)

Niobium pentoxide (T form, orthorhombic system) was utilized to promote devitrification in Li 2 O · Al 2 O 3 · 6SiO 2 glasses. Two or more mole percentage of this nucleating dopant enhanced crystallization in these glasses. Glasses containing 4.0 and 8.0 mol% T‐Nb 2 O 5 exhibited a high tendency to form dispersed TT‐Nb 2 O 5 (monoclinic system) precipitates during the glass quenching process. The crystallization process in glasses containing 2.0 or 4.0 mol% T‐Nb 2 O 5 occurred as microphase separation, followed by the formation of dispersed TT‐Nb 2 O 5 crystalline precipitates (760°C), followed by β‐quartz solid‐solution ( ss ) formation (850° to 900°C) heterogeneously nucleated from the precipitates. β‐quartz( ss ) transformed to β‐spodumene( ss ), along with a polymorphic transition from the TT‐Nb 2 O 5 to M‐Nb 2 O 5 (tetragonal system) crystalline phase.
Low power passive equalizer optimization using tritonic step response (2008)

A low power passive equalizer using RL terminator is proposed and optimized in this work. The equalizer includes an inductor in series with the resistive terminator, which boosts high frequency components and therefore improves the interconnect bandwidth with little overhead on power consumption. An analytic estimation method for eye-opening and jitter based on tritonic step response is also introduced in this work, which enables the optimization procedure. Our experimental results show that our estimation method is accurate and a board level transmission line of 50cm wire length can achieve 15Gb/s data rate. With 15GHz frequency input, the power consumption of the equalizer is less than 2.5mW, and the total power is 5mW.
Versatile TLC NAND flash memory control to reduce read disturb errors by 85% and extend read cycles by 6.7-times of Read-Hot and Cold data for cloud data centers (2016)

Versatile Triple-Level-Cell (TLC) NAND flash memory control with Read Hot/Cold Migration, Read Voltage Control and Edge Word Line Protection is proposed for data center application SSDs. Measured errors decrease by 85% and measured acceptable read cycles increase by 6.7-times.
IMDA/aldol strategy for transforming carbohydrates into functionalizedtrans-decalins (2000)

L-Rhamnal is readily converted into an allyl 2, 3-unsaturated-C-glycopyranoside. The (S) configuration of the alphaL-anomer defines the stereochemical outcome of the future IMDA reaction, leading to the absolute stereochemistry for the trans-decalin moiety in naturally occurring terpenoids. Selective cleavage of the terminal double bond of the allyl group provides an aldehydo function which serves for an aldol/Claisen addition with ethyl sorbate. Of the four possible diastereomers, one is obtained in pure form and processed to give the IMDA precursor. Cyclocondensation is achieved by heating in xylene to give a tricyclic trans-decalin whose structure is established by NMR and X-ray analysis.
Optical Properties of Functional Hybrid Organic‐Inorganic Nanocomposites (2003)

Introduction Hybrids with Emission Properties Solid-State Dye-Laser Hybrid Materials Electroluminescent Hybrid Materials Optical Properties of Lanthanide Doped Hybrid Materials Encapsulation of Nano-Phosphors inside Hybrid Matrices One-pot Synthesis of Rare-Earth Doped Hybrid Matrices Rare-earth Doped Hybrids made via Non-hydrolytic Processes Energy Transfer Processes between Lanthanides and Organic Dyes Hybrid with Absorption Properties: Photochromic Hybrid Materials Photochromic Hybrids for Optical Data Storage Photochromic Hybrids for Fast Optical Switches Non-Siloxane-Based Hosts for the Design of New Photochromic Hybrid Materials Nonlinear Optics Second-Order Nonlinear Optics in Hybrid Materials Hybrid Photorefractive Materials Photochemical Hole Burning in Hybrid Materials Optical Limiters Hybrid Optical Sensors Integrated Optics Based on Hybrid Material Hierarchically Organized Hybrid Materials for Optical Applications Conclusions and Perspectives
Preparation and properties of titanium oxide thin film by midfrequency alternative reactive magnetron sputtering technique (2000)

In this paper TiO<SUB>2</SUB> thin film was successfully prepared by mid-frequency alternative reactive magnetron sputtering technique with pure titanium target. Ellipsometry, AES, SEM, XRD and ultraviolet spectrophotometer were used to examine the thickness and refractive index, composition, surface morphology, microstructure and ultraviolet and visible absorption spectrum of the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> thin film, respectively. The effects of technological parameters on the properties of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> thin film were studied. The experimental results showed that the ratio of O to Ti in the thin film is very close to 2:1, which is almost independent of the oxygen partial pressure under the experiment flow rate range of oxygen in the work. The microstructure of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> thin film is mainly composed of anatase. The surface morphology of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> thin film is fine and dense. The optical properties of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> thin film are fairly good. Its transmittance is high up to 90%. The ultraviolet and visible absorption spectrum showed that the transmittance obviously decreased when oxygen flow rate was lowered from 10 sccm to 2 sccm.
Improving large angle cone beam CT image reconstruction with practical supplementary information (2004)

Single circle cone beam scan is simple and fast to execute and image reconstruction with the Feldkamp algorithm is efficient, thus it is widely employed in a number of major medical imaging modalities. Cone beam scanners employing large area flat panel detectors with 256 rows or more are expected to appear on the market in the next few years. The large number of rows allows the collection of a large quantity of data in a very short time, and thus the new generation of scanners will be suited for scanning dynamic objects. Because of its speed single circle scan will be ideal for such scans. In 3D angio systems employing C arms the popular scan mode is circular arc, which is less complete compared to single circle scan. It is well known that a single circle scan path with Feldkamp reconstruction does not yield complete information to reconstruct the object. There are missing Radon data located along the rotation axis and its neighborhood In this paper we investigate the improvement to lite single circle scan reconstruction images with the use of supplemental), information. In particular we study a supplementary line scan and a supplementary circle scan. We also discuss the use of other sources of supplementary information, including topogram and a priori information.
High-Efficiency Emitter for Thermophotovoltaics: Topology Optimization (2019)

A metasurface-based thermophotovoitaics system directly converts thermal radiation to electricity through the photovoitaic effect. The efficiency of such a system significantly depends on the thermal stability and efficiency of the spectral reshaping of the metasurface. We couple the generative adversarial network technique with the topology optimization to design a new class of high-efficiency metasurface thermal emitters. Numerical simulations confirm that due to non-trivial metasurface topologies the proposed method generates the close-to-ultimate high-efficiency emitters. Comparison with a conventional global optimization technique shows that our topology-optimized designs demonstrate superior spectral control of thermal blackbody radiation than the regular-shape emitters optimized with conventional optimization.
Multispectral Real-time Fluorescence Imaging for Intraoperative Detection of the Sentinel Lymph Node in Gynecologic Oncology (2010)

The prognosis in virtually all solid tumors depends on the presence or absence of lymph node metastases. Surgical treatment most often combines radical excision of the tumor with a full lymphadenectomy in the drainage area of the tumor. However, removal of lymph nodes is associated with increased morbidity due to infection, wound breakdown and lymphedema. As an alternative, the sentinel lymph node procedure (SLN) was developed several decades ago to detect the first draining lymph node from the tumor. In case of lymphogenic dissemination, the SLN is the first lymph node that is affected (Figure 1). Hence, if the SLN does not contain metastases, downstream lymph nodes will also be free from tumor metastases and need not to be removed. The SLN procedure is part of the treatment for many tumor types, like breast cancer and melanoma, but also for cancer of the vulva and cervix. The current standard methodology for SLN-detection is by peritumoral injection of radiocolloid one day prior to surgery, and a colored dye intraoperatively. Disadvantages of the procedure in cervical and vulvar cancer are multiple injections in the genital area, leading to increased psychological distress for the patient, and the use of radioactive colloid. Multispectral fluorescence imaging is an emerging imaging modality that can be applied intraoperatively without the need for injection of radiocolloid. For intraoperative fluorescence imaging, two components are needed: a fluorescent agent and a quantitative optical system for intraoperative imaging. As a fluorophore we have used indocyanine green (ICG). ICG has been used for many decades to assess cardiac function, cerebral perfusion and liver perfusion. It is an inert drug with a safe pharmaco-biological profile. When excited at around 750 nm, it emits light in the near-infrared spectrum around 800 nm. A custom-made multispectral fluorescence imaging camera system was used. The aim of this video article is to demonstrate the detection of the SLN using intraoperative fluorescence imaging in patients with cervical and vulvar cancer. Fluorescence imaging is used in conjunction with the standard procedure, consisting of radiocolloid and a blue dye. In the future, intraoperative fluorescence imaging might replace the current method and is also easily transferable to other indications like breast cancer and melanoma.
An Approach for Structuring Heterogeneous Automotive Software Systems by use of Multicore Architectures (2010)

The significance of software within modern cars increases continuously. A manufacturer’s competitive advantage relies more and more on compelling functionalities provided to the passengers. This raises the pressure on software architects of electronic automotive components. The successful integration of different software becomes a major challenge. This paper presents an approach to give support on that issue by the use of multicore hardware architectures. By reflecting the internal structure of the software in the underlying hardware, the scheduling of tasks performed in parallel can be determined based on the internal architecture rather than on performance aspects only.
Fiber Bragg Gratings in the Visible Spectral Range With Ultraviolet Femtosecond Laser Inscription (2014)

In this letter, we investigate the inscription of fiber Bragg gratings in the visible spectral range using deep ultraviolet femtosecond laser exposure and two-beam interferometry. The properties of first-order reflection gratings and third-order gratings for use in the visible wavelength range are compared. Stronger gratings have been achieved for first-order reflecting Bragg gratings compared with third-order gratings. We demonstrate a fiber Bragg grating with a grating period of 226 nm and a filtering efficiency of more than 30 dB.
Interpreting and Visualizing Performance Portability Metrics (2020)

Recent work has introduced a number of tools and techniques for reasoning about the interplay between application performance and portability, or "performance portability". These tools have proven useful for setting goals and guiding high-level discussions, but our understanding of the performance portability problem remains incomplete. Different views of the same performance efficiency data offer different insights into an application's performance portability (or lack thereof): standard statistical measures such as the mean and standard deviation require careful interpretation, and even metrics designed specifically to measure performance portability may obscure differences between applications.This paper offers a critical assessment of existing approaches for summarizing performance efficiency data across different platforms, and proposes visualization as a means to extract useful information about the underlying distribution. We explore a number of alternative visualizations, outlining a new methodology that enables developers to reason about the performance portability of their applications and how it might be improved. This study unpicks what it might mean to be "performance portable" and provides useful tools to explore that question.
A simple adaptive cardioid direction finding algorithm (2013)

A simple direction-finding algorithm using three or four omnidirectional microphones is described. The algorithm is based on the minimization of the output power of a generally steerable cardioid microphone. It is shown that the algorithm can be reduced to running three independent single-tap LMS filters for the general 3D case and two independent single-tap LMS adaptive filters for the 2D (null constrained to lie in a plane). Results will also be shown for a 32-element spherical microphone array for sources corrupted with microphone self-noise and reverberation.
Ein redoxschaltbarer semilabiler Ligand: Beeinflussung der Koordinationssphäre eines RhI‐Komplexes (1995)

Die elektrochemische Beeinflussung der Umgebung von Übergangsmetallzentren gelingt mit redoxschaltbaren semilabilen Liganden (RHL): Die elektrochemische Oxidation des RHL‐Rh I ‐Komplexes 1 führt über eine Dimerisierung schrittweise zu 2 . In Lösung ist bei geringen Konzentrationen 1 die dominierende Verbindung, während bei höheren Konzentrationen und im Festkörper die reduzierte Form von 2 ( = 2 + 4 e − ) bevorzugt wird. Fc = Ferrocenyl, Gegenion = BF 4 − . magnified image
Orthonome – a new pipeline for predicting high quality orthologue gene sets applicable to complete and draft genomes (2017)

We demonstrate that Orthonome provides a superior combination of orthologue capture rates and accuracy on complete and draft drosophilid genomes when tested alongside previously published pipelines. The study also highlights a greater degree of evolutionary conservation across drosophilid species than earlier thought.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Dipyranyl C‐Disaccharides. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.