gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Cluster Behavior of α-LiFeO2 Related to the Cation Arrangements (2004)

In transmission electron microscopy of α-LiFeO 2 , we found electron diffraction patterns of both cubic structure ( a = 4.2 Å) and doubled unit cell structure ( a = 8.3 Å) with wavy shaped diffuse scattering due to short-range ordering of Li + and Fe 3+ ions. An unusual magnetic state with coexistence of phenomena related to magnetic ordering and glassy behavior in the a c and d c susceptibilities was observed for α-LiFeO 2 . The bifurcation point was ≈90 K, and the temperature of a broad maximum in the zero-field cooled susceptibility was ≈40 K. Below ≈90 K, the field cooled susceptibility increased monotonically and the zero-field cooled susceptibility deviated below the field cooled one with lowering the temperature. The in-phase a c susceptibility demonstrated a cusp at ≈90 K with a broad shoulder around 60 K. The third harmonic nonlinear susceptibility showed no sharp peak below 200 K. Observed magnetic behavior of α-LiFeO 2 can be understood as formation of ferromagnetic clusters, with short-range ordering of Fe 3+ spins within the clusters, and progressive freezing of the clusters. The unusual glassy behavior is due to the short-range ordering of cubic structure in α-LiFeO 2 .
Pro-thrombotic State Induced by Post-translational Modification of Fibrinogen by Reactive Nitrogen Species (2004)

Formation of nitric oxide-derived oxidants has been linked to development of atherosclerosis and associated thrombotic complications. Although systemic levels of protein nitrotyrosine predict risk for coronary artery disease, neither specific proteins targeted for modification nor functional consequences that might contribute to disease pathogenesis have been defined. Here we report a selective increase in circulating levels of nitrated fibrinogen in patients with coronary artery disease. Exposure of fibrinogen to nitrating oxidants, including those produced by the myeloperoxidase-hydrogen peroxide-nitrite system, significantly accelerates clot formation and factor XIII cross-linking, whereas exposure of fibrinogen to non-nitrating oxidants decelerates clot formation. Clots formed with fibrinogen exposed to nitrating oxidants are composed of large bundles made from twisted thin fibrin fibers with increased permeation and a decrease in storage modulus G' value, suggesting that these clots could be easily deformed by mechanical stresses. In contrast, clots formed with fibrinogen exposed to non-nitrating oxidants showed decreased permeation with normal architecture. Fibrinogen modified by exposure to physiologic nitration systems demonstrated no difference in the rate of plasmin-induced clot lysis, platelet aggregation, or binding. Thus, increased levels of fibrinogen nitration may lead to a pro-thrombotic state via acceleration in formation of fibrin clots. The present results may account, in part, for the association between nitrative stress and risk for coronary artery disease.
Desaturated venous-to-arterial shunting reduces right-sided heart failure after cardiopulmonary bypass. (1995)

If constructed between the femoral vein and artery, such a shunt could (1) be easily inserted and removed, (2) selectively infuse the lower extremities with desaturated blood while maintaining cerebral and cardiac perfusion with saturated blood, (3) selectively reduce the risk of paradoxical emboli to the head and heart, and (4) provide a known and adjustable degree of shunting depending on the condition of the patient, a major advantage of this system compared with creation of an atrial septal defect.
Tumor‐shed antigen CA125 blocks complement‐mediated killing via suppression of C1q‐antibody binding (2018)

C1q-engagement with IgG and IgM type antibodies is the initiating step of classical complement-mediated immunity. The tumor shed antigen CA125 has been reported to have immunosuppressive effects on host tumor responses as well as commercially approved and experimental monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based therapeutic agents. To better understand this effect, molecular and cellular studies were carried out testing the ability of CA125 to perturb the classical complement pathway. Here, we show that patient-derived CA125 inhibits IgG1, IgG3, and IgM-mediated complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) by perturbing antibody-Fc interaction with the C1q complement-initiating protein only in those mAbs that are directly bound by CA125. This mechanism was found to impact naturally generated IgM antibodies as well as experimental and clinically approved mAbs, such as farletuzumab and rituximab, respectively. These data support a role for CA125 in humoral immune suppression and as a potential mechanism by which tumors may possibly avoid host immune responses.
The Impact of Early Initiation of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy on the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1–Specific CD8 T Cell Response in Children (2000)

This cross-sectional study investigated the effect of early highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1-specific CD8 T cell responses in children. HIV-1-specific CD8 T cell responses were quantified using an enzyme-linked immunospot assay to measure interferon-gamma-secreting cells. HIV-1-infected children were classified by time of HAART initiation prior to age 1 year or after age 2 years as early (n=24) or late (n=28) treated. The magnitude and breadth of the HIV-1-specific CD8 T cell response was significantly lower in children receiving early compared with late HAART treatment (P=.0007 and.0001, respectively). However, total CD8 T cell responses in the early HAART treatment group did not differ significantly from those of age-matched non-HAART-treated controls (n=30). Thus, the reduced magnitude and breadth of the HIV-1-specific CD8 T cell response in early HAART-treated children is due to their younger age.
In-situ etch rate study of HfxLayOz in Cl2/BCl3 plasmas using the quartz crystal microbalance (2015)

The etch rate of HfxLayOz films in Cl2/BCl3 plasmas was measured in-situ in an inductively coupled plasma reactor using a quartz crystal microbalance and corroborated by cross-sectional SEM measurements. The etch rate depended on the ion energy as well as the plasma chemistry. In contrast to other Hf-based ternary oxides, the etch rate of HfxLayOz films was higher in Cl2 than in BCl3. In the etching of Hf0.25La0.12O0.63, Hf appeared to be preferentially removed in Cl2 plasmas, per surface compositional analysis by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and the detection of HfCl3 generation in mass spectroscopy. These findings were consistent with the higher etch rate of Hf0.25La0.12O0.63 than that of La2O3.
A comparison of algorithms and the development of a new fast convergence and reduced computational load algorithm for multichannel active noise control (2002)

In this presentation, the three main factors that affect the convergence speed of learning algorithms for adaptive FIR filters used in multichannel active noise control are described. Based on these three factors, a comparison of several adaptive FIR filter algorithms for multichannel active noise control is done, including several existing algorithms and a few unpublished algorithms. Of the unpublished algorithms, one algorithm has the potential for optimal convergence speed, and this algorithm is described in more detail in the presentation. The algorithm combines the use of recursive-least-squares algorithms with the use of an inverse model of the multichannel acoustic plant between the actuators and the error sensors. The resulting algorithm is called the multichannel inverse delay-compensated filtered-x RLS algorithm for active noise control. This algorithm can not only provide fast convergence, but for multichannel systems it also provides a significant reduction of the computational load compared to the previously published algorithm with the fastest convergence speed. Simulation results are presented to validate the convergence behavior of the new proposed algorithm.
Applying Artificial Intelligence to Predict Self-Reported Poor Health Among Black and Hispanic Caregivers with Mild Cognitive Impairment (2020)

We applied artificial intelligence techniques to build correlate models that predict general poor health in a national sample of caregivers with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Our application of deep learning identified age, duration of caregiving, amount of alcohol intake, weight, myocardial infarction (MI) and frequency of MCI symptoms for Blacks and Hispanics whereas frequency of MCI symptoms, income, weight, coronary heart disease (CHD), age, and use of e-cigarette for the others as the strongest correlates of poor health among 81 variables entered. The application of artificial intelligence efficiently provided intervention strategies for Black and Hispanic caregivers with MCI.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of BiCuOS by Hydrothermal Methods. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Effect of high pressure on the infrared spectra of solid nitro‐ and nitrito‐cobalt(iii) ammine complexes (1992)

Abstract IR‐absorption spectra of Co(III) ammine complexes [Co(NH 3 ) 5 NO 2 ]XY and [Co(NH 3 ) 5 ONO]XY (XY = Cl 2 , Br 2 , I 2 , (NO 3 ) 2 , Cl · NO 3 ) were studied at static pressures up to 20 kbar in a diamond anvil cell. The measured pressure induced shifts of valence (symmetric and asymmetric) and deformational frequencies of the NO 2 ‐group were compared with a normal coordinate analysis of [Co(NH 3 ) 5 NO 2 ] 2+ and [Co(NH 3 ) 5 ONO] 2+ models to determine the influence of kinematic factors on IR‐vibrational frequencies. The experimentally observed frequency shifts induced by pressure were interpreted on the basis of theoretical simulation of the spectra. The blue shift of both δ(NO 2 ) and ν as (ONO) vibrational frequencies in the complexes with nitro (via nitrogen) coordination can be explained by a decrease in N‐O bond lengths. The blue shift of ν s (ONO) and the red shift of ν as (ONO) frequencies in the solid complexes with nitrito (via oxygen) coordination can be explained by a decrease of the O‐N‐O bond angle with increasing pressure. For comparison, the pressure induced shifts of ν s (ONO) and ν as (ONO) for two Cr(III)‐ammine complexes [Cr(NH 3 ) 5 ONO]XY (XY = Cl 2 , (NO 3 ) 2 ) were also measured. Whereas the pressure dependence of ν s is similar to the corresponding Co‐compounds, ν as is only slightly pressure dependent.
123I radioiodinated antibody imaging of occult ovarian cancer (1985)

A monoclonal antibody HMFG2 labeled with iodine 123 (123I) was given to a patient who had ovarian cancer. The scan taken 18 hours after administration of the antibody demonstrated the presence and the position of residual tumor in the pelvis that was not previously detected by ultrasonography and computerized tomography (CT) scanning. The presence of tumor was confirmed by surgery and histologic as well as immunoperoxidase examination of resected tissues. The tumor mass found was less than 0.8 cm in diameter. It is concluded that, in the search for residual or early ovarian cancer in the pelvis, monoclonal antibody scanning using 123I-labeled HMFG2 can complement ultrasonography and CT scanning.
System design tool for high bit rate terrestrial transmission systems with coherent detection (2013)

Coherent detection offers the ability to compensate for linear transmission impairments such as fiber chromatic dispersion and polarization-mode dispersion in the digital domain, thereby enabling dispersion-uncompensated optical transmission for high performance and high cost effectiveness. In dispersion-uncompensated transmission systems, the statistics of optical nonlinearity induced distortions have been proven to be essentially Gaussian-distributed, and new physical models have emerged showing profound differences with respect to legacy systems based on direct detection. From such differences stems the need to adapt the design tool to capture these new propagation properties. In that respect, we propose a model for performance prediction, which is used to derive a simple yet effective feasibility parameter to be embedded in the design tool. The feasibility parameter is experimentally validated with real time product transponders, and realistic system configurations: a precision of ±0.5 dB is achieved for 40 Gb/s, 100 Gb/s and 400 Gb/s coherent channels, which represents an improvement of more than 3 dB over the design tool using the nonlinear phase shift as the criterion.
In-Band Interference Suppression for GPS/GLONASS (1998)

The operation of a GPS receiver can severely be limited or
completely disrupted in the presence of in-band interfer-ence
and jamming signals. The threat of in-band interfer-ing
and jamming signals increases daily as new communi-cation
systems are launched and the radio frequency
spectrum becomes more populated. The threat is not only from the interfering signals themselves but also from their
harmonics fall inside the GPS band.
In this paper we present technique that we have integrated
inside the digital signal processor chip to suppress in-band
interference in any one of the GPS L1/L2, GLONASS
L1/L2 as well as direct spread spectrum radio modem in
902-928 MHz band (patent pending). The technique is
based on two completely digital compensation type sup-pressors
with quadrature processing of the difference of an
input interference signal and an appropriate copy of the
estimated interfering signal used for compensation. The
compensation signal is used to suppress continuous (CW),
narrow band (NB) and pulse interference whose powers
are comparable or significantly exceed the system noise
power in the reception band (about 16 MHz).
Each Suppressor contains an 8-bit ADC, which converts
the IF-signal into digital samples with the quantization
frequency of 40 MHz, and three anti-jam modules tracking
for interference frequency. The characteristic of the loops,
as well as the rejection bands, are dynamically adjusted
according to the characteristics of the interfering signal.
The rejection band at the -40 dB level may be adjusted
from 5 kHz up to 80 kHz. The interference suppression
can be up to 60 dB. Two completely digital scanning
spectrum analyzers with adjustable resolution are used for
analyzing interfering signals. Suppressor operation is
software controlled with the reaction time of 0.82 ms.
Two of such suppressors are integrated inside our Para-digm
chip along with 40 universal GPS-GLONASS chan-nels
and spread spectrum radio modems (direct and fre-quency
hopping). Up to 6 in-band interference/jammers
can be suppressed simultaneously.
The power consumption of the total system, including all
GPS-GLONASS satellite tracking and spread spectrum
radio receiver is less than 3 Watts.
Sustained local delivery of oncolytic short hairpin RNA adenoviruses for treatment of head and neck cancer (2014)

Matrix-mediated delivery of Ad-containing shRNA with SELP hydrogels enhances therapeutic efficacy by tumor-selective infection, spatiotemporal control and preservation of biologic activity.
Characterization and Regulation of Lens-specific Calpain Lp82 (2002)

Eye tissues contain splice variants of muscle-preferred p94 (calpain 3), such as lens-specific Lp82 and Lp85, retina-specific Rt88, and cornea-specific Cn94. The purpose of the present experiment was to analyze the activation and regulation of the best characterized p94 splice variant, Lp82. Recombinant rat Lp82 (rLp82) was expressed using the baculovirus system, purified with Ni-NTA affinity and DEAE-ion exchange chromatographies, and characterized by SDS-PAGE, casein zymography, and immunoblotting. After incubation with calcium, rLp82 autolyzed into two major fragments at approximately 60 and 22 kDa. Sequencing of the autolytic fragments showed loss of three amino acids from the N terminus and cleavage near the IS2 region. Also, Lp82 and calpain 2 were found to hydrolyze each other. Calpastatin inhibited calpain 2 activity, but not Lp82. Homology modeling suggested that the lack of inhibition of Lp82 by calpastatin was due to molecular clashes at the unique AX1 region of Lp82. Lp82 also hydrolyzed calpastatin. These results suggested that Lp82 might regulate other calpain activities and cause hydrolysis of substrates such as crystallins during lens cataract formation.
Proximal Gradient Algorithm in the Presence of Adjoint Mismatch (2020)

The proximal gradient algorithm is a popular iterative algorithm to deal with penalized least-squares minimization problems. Its simplicity and versatility allow one to embed nonsmooth penalties efficiently. In the context of inverse problems arising in signal and image processing, a major concern lies in the computational burden when implementing minimization algorithms. For instance, in tomographic image reconstruction, a bottleneck is the cost for applying the forward linear operator and its adjoint [1], [2]. Consequently, it often happens that these operators are approximated numerically, so that the adjoint property is no longer fulfilled. In this paper, we focus on the proximal gradient algorithm stability properties when such an adjoint mismatch arises. By making use of tools from convex analysis and fixed point theory, we establish conditions under which the algorithm can still converge to a fixed point. We provide bounds on the error between this point and the solution to the minimization problem. We illustrate the applicability of our theoretical results through numerical examples in the context of computed tomography.
Modeling the Performance of Lithium-Ion Batteries for Fuel Cell Vehicles (2003)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This study involves the battery requirements for a fuel cell-powered hybrid electric vehicle. The performances of the vehicle [a 3200-lb (1455-kg) sedan], the fuel cell, and the battery were evaluated in a vehicle simulation. Most of the attention was given to the design and performance of the battery, a lithium-ion, manganese spinel-graphite system of 75-kW power to be used with a 50-kW fuel cell. The total power performance of the system was excellent at the full operating temperatures of the fuel cell and battery. The battery cycling duty is very moderate, as regenerative braking for the Federal Urban Driving Schedule and the Highway Fuel Economy Test cycles can do all charging of the battery. Cold start-up at 20°C is straightforward, with full power available immediately. Cold start-up at -20°C is more difficult, but can be accomplished by the use of thermal storage in the form of 10 L of transformer heat-transfer fluid heated to 180°C, which can warm the battery to 10°C and restore the battery to full power within two minutes.&lt;/div&gt;
Self-stabilization of the optical frequencies and pulse repetition rate in a coupled optoelectronic oscillator (2008)

A self-stabilized coupled optoelectronic oscillator is described where a single intracavity etalon is used for optical supermode selection, optical frequency stabilization and repetition rate determination and stabilization. © 2008 Optical Society of America.
Netted waveguide antenna for UWB wind turbine blade deflection monitoring (2016)

In the paper, a netted waveguide antenna is proposed for UWB wind turbine blade deflection sensing. The designed antenna is mountable on large ground plane with end-fire radiation and has a low profile of 0.075 λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">L</sub> (λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">L</sub> is the free-space wavelength at the lowest operating frequency). The bandwidth of the antenna is from 2.82 to 4.97 GHz (1.76:1) which is sufficient to cover the lower UWB band of 3.1-4.9 GHz. The realized gain is from 7.5 to 11 dBi within the operating frequencies. In order to further reduce the wind resistance of the antenna, the rectangular waveguide is netted without changing its performance.
The Liquid-Crystalline Properties of Some Chiral Derivatives of the 4-n-Alkanoyloxbiphenyl-4′-Carboxylic Acids (1988)

Abstract A variety of chiral derivatives of some 4-n- alkanoyloxybiphenyl-4′-carboxylic acids were prepared in order to produce a number of structurally related homologous series of compounds. In this systematic study, the synthesis of a number of chiral 2-chloropropyl, 3-chlorobutyl, alkylether, and 1 -methylalkyl esters of these acids are reported. The liquid-crystalline and ferroelectric properties of these materials were also investigated and the results obtained are compared with those previously established for the closely related 1 -methylpropyl, 2-methylbutyl, and 3, 7-dimethyloctyl esters of the same acids.
Microvascular leakage induced by substance P in rat urinary bladder: involvement of cyclo‐oxygenase metabolites of arachidonic acid (1992)

1. Intravenous administration of substance P (SP) or of the NK1 selective agonist [beta-Ala4, Sar9, Met (O2)11] SP-(4-11) increased vascular permeability in the urinary bladder of urethane-anaesthetized rats, providing evidence for an NK1 receptor-mediated inflammatory response. 2. BW 755C, a dual inhibitor of arachidonate cyclo-oxygenase and lipoxygenase, significantly reduced the plasma extravasation induced by SP, but did not modify the effect of [beta-Ala4, Sar9, Met (O2)11] SP-(4-11). 3. SP-induced microvascular leakage was also inhibited by systemic pretreatment with indomethacin or with the prostaglandin receptor antagonist SC-19220, while it was unaffected by the selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor BW A4C or the leukotriene antagonist FPL 55712. 4. Pretreatment of rats with the mast cell degranulating agent compound 48/80 significantly attenuated the inflammatory effect of SP. Indomethacin administration to 48/80-pretreated animals failed to produce further inhibition. 5. These findings indicate that intravascular SP promotes plasma exudation in rat urinary bladder through an NK1-mediated effect on venular permeability and the release of cyclo-oxygenase metabolites of arachidonic acid. The latter effect largely derives from the interaction of the neuropeptide with mast cells.
Novel modelocked semiconductor lasers for networking, instrumentation and signal processing (2003)

Novel modelocked semiconductor lasers are used to impact high speed data links and signal processing technologies by the unique combination of ultrashort optical pulses with multiwavelength generation from modelocked semiconductor diode lasers. The authors present results on the development of these lasers with emphasis on: 1) ultrashort pulse generation for OTDM applications, 2) intracavity spectral shaping for multiwavelength generation for hybrid WDM/TDM applications, 3) robust all optical clock recovery for parallel optical switching functionality and 4) low amplitude and phase noise for high speed, high resolution optical sampling applications.