gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiuser MIMO precoding with per-antenna continuous-time constant-envelope constraints (2015)

A transmission scheme for the multiuser MIMO downlink, where the transmit signal from each antenna has constant envelope and a limited bandwidth, is proposed in order to enable the use of highly efficient, nonlinear amplifiers at the base station. To evaluate its performance, an achievable rate is derived and the necessary transmit power of the proposed scheme is computed for a system with 40 antennas that serves 4 users at data rates around 1 bpcu. For this system and 40% excess 30 dB-bandwidth, approximately 3 dB more transmit power is required to achieve the same sum-rate as without the constant-envelope constraints.
The role of external surface activity in the effectiveness of zeolites (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe role of external surface activity in the effectiveness of zeolitesMalvina Farcasiu and Thomas F. DegnanCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1988, 27, 1, 45–47Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00073a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00073a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views195Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Using support vector machines in optimization for black-box objective functions (2004)

In many practical engineering design problems, the form of objective functions is not given explicitly in terms of design variables. Given the value of design variables, under this circumstance, the value of objective functions is obtained be real/computational experiments such as structural analysis, fluid mechanic analysis, thermodynamic analysis, and so on. Usually, these experiments are considerable expensive. In order to make the number of these experiments as few as possible, optimization is performed in parallel with predicting the form of objective functions. Response surface methods (RSM) are well known along this approach. This paper suggests to apply support vector machines (SVM) for predicting the objective functions. One of the most important tasks in this approach is to allocate sample moderately in order to make the umber of experiments as small as possible. It will be shown that the information of support vector can be used effectively to this aim. The effectiveness of our suggested method is shown through numerical examples.
Meso and Micro Scale Propulsion Concepts for Small Spacecraft (2004)

A meso/micro scale liquid propellant thruster is being developed for small spacecraft. In this thruster, the liquid propellant was injected directly into the chamber tangentially along the combustor wall. Heat feedback from the flame, once ignited, decomposed and gasified the liquid propellant. The gasification process of the propellant produced a voflex flow in the combustor, which stabilized the gas- phase flame. Modeling studies with gas-phase injection of reactants have shown that the vortex flow creates various flow recirculation patterns depending upon the Reynolds numbers of the flows. Although the propellant of interest was a HAN based liquid propellant, initial studies were conducted with liquid nitromethane. Operation of the combustion chamber with pure nitromethane at chamber pressures as high as 30 atm was studied. To gasify and initially ignite a HAN based propellant, techniques that make use of the electrolytic character of the propellant were investigated. In particular, a continuous flow igniter with titanium electrodes and a gap spacing of 500 Inn was developed and studied. Results showed that a small voltage drop across the electrodes ignites the continuous flow, which can then be removed to achieve a steady-state decomposition process. Methods to further miniature, fabricate, and package the entire system will be investigated in the future.
Selective Etching of GaAs for ZnSe Based Surface Emitting Lasers (1994)

We have demonstrated a selective etch process of removing a GaAs substrate for the fabrication of ZnSe-based surface emitting lasers using the PA etchant ( NH 3 OH:H 2 O 2 :H 2 O= x :33:10) and employing a spray method. The etch rate of a GaAs substrate was 3.7 µm/min with a preferential etch rate ratio of over 20 against ZnSe layers. The surface of the ZnSSe layer after removal of a substrate was smooth enough to fabricate ZnSe-based surface emitting lasers.
2.5 Gbps transmission over 50 km with a 1.3 μm vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (2002)

We demonstrate error-free 50 km transmission at 2.5 Gbps over standard single-mode fiber using an optically pumped 1.3 /spl mu/m vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser operating at 25/spl deg/C. No optical isolator or amplification was used in the transmission demonstration.
Multizone ultrasonic thermometry with application to coal gasification systems (1984)

The decrease of sound velocity with temperature in solid media is utilized in ultrasonic thermometry. A multizone sensor generally consists of a thin rod on which small notches are made to partition the sensor length into various zones. The change of acoustic impedance at the notches causes the sound waves to be partly reflected back, and the measurement of time intervals between the successive pairs of reflected signals provides an indication of the average temperatures in the corresponding zones. This paper addresses the application of ultrasonic senses to temperature profiling in the reactors of coal gasification systems. In particular, results on the sensor development, materials testing, and signal processing are presented. 14 references, 8 figures, 1 table.
Genomica e proteomica computazionale (2007)

Il volume raccoglie i contributi della XXVI scuola annuale del Gruppo Nazionale di Bioingegneria tenutasi presso la sede dell'Università di Padova in Bressanone (Bz) 24-28 settembre 2007.
Joint Subcarrier and Antenna State Selection for Cognitive Heterogeneous Networks With Reconfigurable Antennas (2015)

Reconfigurable antennas (RA) offer an emerging technology that allows wireless devices to alter their antenna states determined by different radiation patterns to maximize received signal strength. In this paper, we consider multiuser orthogonal frequency-division multiple access cognitive heterogeneous networks (HetNets) and we study the potential benefits of employing RA in terms of improving the overall network capacity. In cognitive HetNets, a secondary network is allowed to share the spectrum with the primary network under the condition that the interference level experienced by the primary network is below a predetermined threshold. To satisfy this interference constraint, a secondary user (SU) employs a power control mechanism, which typically limits its transmission power and thus reduces substantially its performance. Moreover, the large number of users expected for next-generation networks brings dense interference to the secondary network and, as such, even efficient interference mitigation and resource allocation techniques can fail in maintaining an acceptable performance level for the network. In this work, we consider utilizing RA technology at SUs to act as an additional resource in terms of selecting antenna radiation patterns that improve received signal strength among SUs. This also limits the mutual interference between the secondary and primary networks. We propose a game theoretical framework for jointly selecting the subcarriers as well as the RA antenna state at each SU that maximizes the overall capacity of the network while meeting the interference target in the primary network. Using potential games that guarantee the existence of a Nash equilibrium, our results show that, by selecting the best RA state and subcarriers for each SU, the capacity of the secondary network increases substantially compared to a scenario with conventional omni-directional antennas.
Lateral mobility of an amphipathic apolipoprotein, ApoC-III, bound to phosphatidylcholine bilayers with and without cholesterol (1979)

The technique of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching was used to investigate the lateral mobility of a fluorescein-labeled amphipathic apolipoprotein, ApoC-III, bound to multibilayers prepared from dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine, egg phosphatidylcholine, and a 1:1 (molar ratio) mixture of egg phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol. In dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine bilayers the lateral diffusion coefficient (D) for the protein is about 2 x 10(-9) cm(2) sec(-1) at 20 degrees C and about 9 x 10(-8) cm(2) sec(-1) at 45 degrees C. Plots of D versus temperature in this system show a transition between about 30 and 35 degrees C. Arrhenius activation energies for the diffusion in this case between 15 and 30 degrees C and between 35 and 45 degrees C are 28.5 and 7.0 kcal mol(-1), respectively (1 calorie = 4.18 joules). In egg phosphatidylcholine bilayers, D is about 3 x 10(-8) cm(2) sec(-1) at 20 degrees C and the Arrhenius activation energy for diffusion is 8.1 kcal mol(-1) between 15 and 35 degrees C in this system. In bilayers prepared from an equimolar mixture of egg phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol D at 20 degrees C is about 1.4 x 10(-9) cm(2) sec(-1) and the Arrhenius activation energy for the diffusion of the protein in this system between 15 and 35 degrees C is 15.1 kcal mol(-1). Light-scattering and fluorescence-polarization results indicate that binding of this protein does not affect the gel-to-liquid crystalline phase transition of bilayer membranes but does mediate a major, reversible aggregation of the vesicles at about 33 degrees C. These results lend support to the view that ApoC-III resides in the head-group region of the bilayer and suggest that its lateral diffusion coefficient represents an upper bound for integral membrane proteins.
Effects of exciton and charge confinement on the performance of white organic p−i−n electrophosphorescent emissive excimer devices (2003)

The quantum efficiency of triplet excimer-based white organic p−i−n light-emitting devices (WOLEDs) is shown to depend exponentially on the thickness of the emissive layer (EML), while the voltage increases approximately linearly with EML thickness. The EML consists of the square planar Pt excimer emitting complex, platinum(II) [2-(4’,6’-difluorophenyl-N, C2′) (2,4-pentanedionato)] doped into N,N’-dicarbazolyl-3,5-benzene, and the electron capture length within the EML is found to vary from 90±10 to 120±10 Å, depending on whether or not the transport layers are p or n doped. The p−i−n WOLED exhibits peak external quantum and power efficiencies of (5.2±0.5)% and (11±1) lm/W, respectively, and at 500 cd/m2 these efficiencies decrease to (4.2±0.4)% and (4.3±0.4) lm/W. The device has color coordinates of (0.35, 0.43) and a color rendering index of 75. We also demonstrate the importance of an electron blocking layer that reduces the leakage of excitons and charge out of thin EMLs, thereby improving the quantum efficiency of devices by a factor approaching 3, as compared to devices lacking the blocking layer.
Transmission of 111 Gb/s on a 50 GHz Grid Using Single Polarization, Direct Detection and Digital Subcarrier Multiplexing (2011)

Digital Subcarrier Multiplexing (DSM) allows simple direct detection of spectrally effi-cient multicarrier signals. We show through simulations that, by using DSM, the quality of DWDM transmission with 3 bits-per-symbol at 111 Gb/s is greatly improved.
Results of Field Trials of Realsens™, An Airborne Natural Gas Leak Detection Technology (2008)

Detecting natural gas leaks from the worlds nearly 5 million kilometers of underground pipelines is a difficult and costly challenge. Existing technologies are limited to ground deployment and have a number of limitations such as slow response, false leak readings and high costs. Various remote sensing solutions have been proposed in the past and a few are currently being developed. This paper starts by describing the remote sensing concept and then will focus on a new technology developed by Synodon scientists. This airborne instrument is a passive Gas Filter Correlation Radiometer (GFCR) that is tuned to measure ethane in the 3.3 microns near-infrared band. The paper will then present the results of the first airborne field tests and conclude with a description of the service which Synodon will be offering to the transmission and distribution pipeline operators using the new technology.
Preliminary In Vivo Validation of a Dedicated Breast MRI and Sonographic Coregistration Imaging System (2008)

In 10 patients with 13 lesions, the system was found to be an accurate means for targeting sonography to MRI of the same breast lesions.
Partial Opioids: Medications for the Treatment of Pain and Drug Abuse (2000)

Pentazocine and cyclazocine are two benzomorphans that were synthesized by the late Sydney Archer in 1962. These benzomorphans were synthesized as part of an effort to develop analgesics with little or no abuse potential. Pentazocine is used as an analgesic, often in individuals who have sever pain or in those who have drug-abuse problems. Cyclazocine is a low-liability analgesic and potential therapeutic for the treatment of drug abuse. The risk of drug dependence is lower with the benzomorphans, which usually act as partial agonists at the mu opioid receptor and as kappa agonists. In an attempt to synthesize analogs of cyclazocine with increased bioavailability and varying kappa agonist and partial mu agonist properties, a series of 8-amino derivatives of cyclazocine were synthesized. These compounds were characterized in radioligand binding assays for their affinity and selectivity for the mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors. Mouse antinociceptive tests were used to characterize the agonist and antagonist properties of each compound at the mu, delta and kappa receptors.
Optically Transparent Matrix Materials for LWIR-Metamaterials. (2012)

Abstract not provided.
Increasing detection range and minimizing polarization mixing with circularly polarized light through scattering environments (2014)

We present both simulation and experimental results showing that circularly polarized light maintains its degree of polarization better than linearly polarized light in scattering environments. This is specifically true in turbid environments like fog and clouds. In contrast to previous studies that propagate single wavelengths through broad particle-size distributions, this work identifies regions where circular polarization persists further than linear by systematically surveying different wavelengths through monodisperse particle diameters. For monodisperse polystyrene microspheres in water, for particle diameters of 0.99 and 1.925 microns and varying optical depths, we show that circular polarization’s ability to persist through multiple scattering events is enhanced by as much as a factor of four, when compared to that of linear polarization. These particle diameters correspond to size parameters found for infrared wavelengths and marine and continental fog particle distributions. The experimental results are compared to Monte Carlo simulations for all scattering environments investigated.
<title>FLC displays for high-resolution magnified view and projection applications</title> (1999)

High resolution displays using ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) driven by a single crystal silicon backplane are a powerful option for many current and future applications. The FLC light-modulating layer is placed on top of a reflective CMOS backplane. This geometry effectively takes advantage of the fast switching speed and high resolution possible in a sub-micron thick layer of FLC and fine design rules available in standard CMOS fabs. The microsecond FLC switching speeds allow both gray scale and color to be generated with time sequential addressing. In addition, low temperature performance is remarkable ad showing switching in the sub-50 millisecond regime down to -40 degrees C. Current FLC materials operate well with mainstream 5 volt CMOS as well as with newer 3.3V processes. These lower voltages result in lower power consumption and finer design rules allowing for higher density of on-chip electronics such as MPEG2. This option is difficult to achieve in higher voltage processes typical of nematic on VLSI devices. The reflective quarter wave plate design of the display affords a large angular acceptance resulting in flexibility of optical design as well as excellent contrast and throughput vs. viewing angle. We will describe 24 bit color displays and the FLC mixtures optimized for their particular application.
Age-related changes in the kinetics of human lenses: prevention of the cataract (2016)

The crystalline lens is a transparent, biconvex structure in the eye that, along with the cornea, helps to refract light to be focused on the retina and, by changing shape, it adjusts focal distance (accommodation). The three classes of structural proteins found in the lens are α, β, and γ crystallins. These proteins make up more than 90% of the total dry mass of the eye lens. Other components which can be found are sugars, lipids, water, several antioxidants and low weight molecules. When ageing changes occur in the lens, it causes a gradual reduction in transparency, presbyopia and an increase in the scattering and aberration of light waves as well as a degradation of the optical quality of the eye. The main changes that occur with aging are: 1) reduced diffusion of water from the outside to the inside of the lens and from its cortical to its nuclear zone; 2) crystalline change due to the accumulation of high molecular weight aggregates and insoluble proteins; 3) production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), lipid accumulation, reduction of reduced glutathione content and destruction of ascorbic acid. Even if effective strategies in preventing cataract onset are not already known, good results have been reached in some cases with oral administration of antioxidant substances such as caffeine, pyruvic acid, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), α-lipoic acid and ascorbic acid. Furthermore, methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MSRA) over expression could protect lens cells both in presence and in absence of oxidative stress-induced damage. Nevertheless, promising results have been obtained by reducing ultraviolet-induced oxidative damage.
Minimizing Oxidation and Stable Nanoscale Dispersion Improves the Biocompatibility of Graphene in the Lung (2011)

To facilitate the proposed use of graphene and its derivative graphene oxide (GO) in widespread applications, we explored strategies that improve the biocompatibility of graphene nanomaterials in the lung. In particular, solutions of aggregated graphene, Pluronic dispersed graphene, and GO were administered directly into the lungs of mice. The introduction of GO resulted in severe and persistent lung injury. Furthermore, in cells GO increased the rate of mitochondrial respiration and the generation of reactive oxygen species, activating inflammatory and apoptotic pathways. In contrast, this toxicity was significantly reduced in the case of pristine graphene after liquid phase exfoliation and was further minimized when the unoxidized graphene was well-dispersed with the block copolymer Pluronic. Our results demonstrate that the covalent oxidation of graphene is a major contributor to its pulmonary toxicity and suggest that dispersion of pristine graphene in Pluronic provides a pathway for the safe handling and potential biomedical application of two-dimensional carbon nanomaterials.
Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist competitively inhibits the binding of interleukin-1 to the type II interleukin-1 receptor (1991)

The interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) inhibits the binding of interleukin-1 (IL-1) to T-cell lines possessing the type I IL-1 receptor; evidence has been published (Carter, D. B., Deibel, M. R. J., Dunn, C. J., Tomich, C. S., Laborde, A. L., Slightom, J. L., Berger, A. E., Bienkowski, M. J., Sun, F. F., McEwan, R. N., Harris, P. K. W., Yem, A. W., Waszak, G. A., Chosay, J. G., Sieu, L. C., Hardee, M. M., Zurcher-Neely, H. A., Reardon, I. M., Heinrickson, R. L., Truesdell, S. E., Shelly, J. A., Eessalu, T. E., Taylor, B. M., and Tracey, D. E. (1990) Nature 344, 633-638; Hannum, C. H., Wilcox, C. J., Arend, W. P., Joslin, F. G., Dripps, D. J., Heimdal, P. L., Armes, L. G., Sommer, A., Eisenberg, S. P., and Thompson, R. C. (1990) Nature 343, 336-340) that IL-Ira does not bind to the type II IL-1 receptor (IL-1RtII). In this study we examined the ability of human recombinant IL-1ra to block the binding of IL-1 to the IL-1RtII on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and Raji human B-lymphoma cells. The binding of 125I-IL-1 beta to PMN was competively inhibited by IL-1ra. IL-1 beta was more potent in inhibiting the binding of 125I-IL-1 beta than IL-1ra. Incubating PMN with 125I-IL-1ra in the presence of increasing concentrations of IL-1 beta or IL-1ra showed that IL-1 beta was an approximately 40-fold more potent inhibitor of binding of 125I-IL-1ra than unlabeled IL-1ra. The IL-1ra was approximately 500-fold less potent in inhibiting the binding of 125I-IL-1 alpha than IL-1 alpha. IL-1ra was also able to competitively inhibit binding of 125I-IL-1 beta to Raji cells. PMN or Raji cells were also incubated with 125I-IL-1 in the absence or presence of IL-1 or IL-1ra. After cross-linking of IL-1 to cells followed by specific immunoprecipitation, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed a band at 85 kDa corresponding to the 68-kDa IL-1RtII. However, in the presence of an excess of either unlabeled IL-1 or IL-1ra, the 85-kDa IL-1.IL-1RtII complex was not present. These findings demonstrate that the IL-1ra recognizes and blocks IL-1 binding to the IL-1RtII.
[The Current Diagnostic Possibilities and Cooperation of Oftalmologist and Neurologist Concerning in Patients with Idiopatic Intracranial Hypertension]. (2016)

idiopatic intracranial hypertension, optical coherence tomography, edema of optic nerve head, papilloedema.
ChemInform Abstract: Multiple Metal‐Carbon Bonds. Part 9. Preparation and Characterization of Several Alkylidene Complexes, M(η5‐C5H5)2(alkylidene)X (M = Ta or Nb), and the X‐Ray Structure of Ta(η5‐C5H5)2(CHC6H5)(CH2C6H5). An Investigation of Alkylidene Ligand Rotation. (1978)

Abstract Die Reaktionen der Komplexe (I) bzw. (IV) mit T1‐cyclopentadienid (II) liefern die Alkyliden‐Komplexe (III) bzw. (V).