gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Colorless WDM-PON Architecture for Rayleigh Backscattering and Path-Loss Degradation Mitigation (2009)

The effectiveness of colorless performance- improved wavelength-division-multiplexing passive optical networks (PONs) compatible with gigabit-PON is presented. The proposed solution is based on a service optical network unit (service-ONU) for multiwavelength distribution. Mitigation of Rayleigh backscattering effect and path-loss degradation is demonstrated in 2.5- and 10-Gb/s reflective schemes employing reflective semiconductor-optical- amplifier and reflective electroabsorption modulator at the ONU.
Quantum theory of nondegenerate multiwave mixing: General formulation (1988)

In this first paper of a series on the quantum theory of nondegenerate multiwave mixing applicable to traveling-wave interaction geometries, we describe our problem formulation. We consider the explicit dynamics of a subset of the field quantization modes interacting with a system of stationary two-level atoms contained in a volume much smaller than the field quantization volume. Because we make the realistic assumption of leaving the remaining infinite set of field modes as a common thermal-field reservoir, the resulting Langevin equations contain extra decay terms due to collective spontaneous emission or super-radiance. We show that all but one of these super-radiance terms are negligible in the following two limits: (a) when the number of atoms in a diffraction volume is small; (b) when the atoms are pumped far off resonance. There is, however, an anomalous decay term which does not appear in a classical model of super-radiance based upon coherently phased atomic dipoles. The magnitude of this anomalous term is neither dependent upon the number of atoms nor on the pump-frequency detuning and may not be negligible at a low pump intensity. Neglecting the super-radiance terms, we then present a general Fourier-expansion solution technique for obtaining the atomic polarization in the presence of any number of field modes. The expansion is shown to be convergent in a commonly occurring situation in which all the strong pump modes are frequency degenerate and the remaining nondegenerate modes are all weak compared to the atomic saturation intensity. In subsequent papers of this series, we will present methods to treat, with some rigor, the spatial propagation of an interacting multimode quantum field and apply these methods to traveling-wave squeezed-state generation experiments.
Daily phytate intake increases adiponectin levels among patients with diabetes type 2: a randomized crossover trial (2023)

This is the first report to show that consumption of InsP6 increases plasma adiponectin concentration in patients with T2DM. Consequently, our findings indicate that following a phytate-rich diet has beneficial effects on adiponectin and HbA1c concentrations and it could help to prevent or minimize diabetic-related complications.
Travel Hopping Enabled Resource Allocation (THEResA) and delay tolerant networking through the use of UAVs in railroad networks (2021)

This paper investigates the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)/drones for providing high data rates to mobile relays (MRs) placed on top of high speed train wagons, thus introducing the concept of Travel Hopping Enabled Resource Allocation (THEResA). The objective is to provide high data rate connectivity to train passengers in 5G+/6G networks. With the drone flying at the same train speed, highly directive beams can be formed and steered between the drone and each of the MRs. The simulation results in the paper show that this leads to high data rate connectivity, which will be reflected in the indoor links between the MRs and the train passengers inside the wagons. The drones maintain the connectivity to the cellular infrastructure by using high speed links with the cellular base stations (BSs) deployed along the rail track, e.g., through free space optics (FSO). The drones use the BS sites for recharging and resuming their operation. Therefore, a separate set of drones, or the same drones when they are not flying over trains, can be used to provide connectivity to remote rural areas. In fact, high speed trains might travel through rural areas with low population density. Although it is practical to lay fiber optic cables along the rail track, villages and small rural population agglomerations far from the railroad might not have access to the internet backhaul. UAVs can provide this connectivity in a delay tolerant fashion, by heading from the BSs/train station sites towards remote areas, collecting/transferring data from/to these areas, then returning to the sites along the rail track to recharge their batteries. This paper presents an analysis that shows the feasibility of this approach.
Englerin A Inhibits EWS-FLI1 DNA Binding in Ewing Sarcoma Cells (2016)

High-throughput screening of extracts from plants, marine, and micro-organisms led to the identification of the extract from the plant Phyllanthus engleri as the most potent inhibitor of EWS-FLI1 induced luciferase reporter expression. Testing of compounds isolated from this extract in turn led to the identification of Englerin A (EA) as the active constituent of the extract. EA induced both necrosis and apoptosis in Ewing cells subsequent to a G2M accumulation of cells in the cell cycle. It also impacted clonogenic survival and anchorage-independent proliferation while also decreasing the proportion of chemotherapy-resistant cells identified by high ALDH activity. EA also caused a sustained increase in cytosolic calcium levels. EA appears to exert its effect on Ewing cells through a decrease in phosphorylation of EWS-FLI1 and its ability to bind DNA. This effect is mediated, at least in part, through a decrease in the levels of the calcium-dependent protein kinase PKC-βI after a transient up-regulation.
Supplementary Figure 5 from The Expression of Adenosine A2B Receptor on Antigen-Presenting Cells Suppresses CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell Responses and Promotes Tumor Growth (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 5&lt;/p&gt;
Stanford MFEL and Near Infrared Science Center (2011)

Abstract : The Stanford MFEL and Near Infrared Science Center, through its support from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR), developed an interdisciplinary and collaborative program to advance military medicine in several areas of critical importance. The program has developed advanced surgical tools that will enable more precise procedures with less collateral damage such that wounds heal faster with less scarring. This advance is complemented by sophisticated analyses of laser and thermal damage to tissues that identified key regulators of the healing process, now being developed as therapies in skin and muscle as well an in the eye. The ophthalmology aspects of this program have developed technologies for restoration of sight and prevention of tissue damage. Similarly the projects on hearing have led to new tools for assessing hearing loss and guiding procedures for restoration of hearing cochlear implants. Multifaceted approaches have been taken to understand the molecular and cellular basis of tissue damage and develop sophisticated means of tissue repair and restoration of function, including recruitment of resident stem cells in regenerative medicine. The teams consisted of biologists, engineers, physicists, and chemists such that many areas of investigation with a diversity of disciplines could be addressed.
Functional Group Coverage and Conversion Quantification in Nanostructured Silica by 1H NMR (2016)

Silica nanostructured materials are important in many fields, including catalysis, imaging, and drug delivery, mainly due to the versatility of surface functionalization that can bestow a huge variety of chemical and physical properties. With most applications requiring precise control over this surface modification, characterization of surface composition and reactivity have become of extreme importance. We present a novel approach to track silica surface modification and quantify functional group coverage using only solution NMR. We test the method using different types of silica nanoparticles and surface modifications, to show that after dissolving the silica matrix, the <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectra can be resolved for every single component of the mixture. By using an internal standard, we are able to quantify the density of ligands and follow their sequential modification. Our work presents a fast, accurate, and straightforward method for surface characterization of silica nanostructures, using widely available NMR spectroscopy and small amounts of sample.
Efficient Coding of Spatial Information in the Primate Retina (2012)

Sensory neurons have been hypothesized to efficiently encode signals from the natural environment subject to resource constraints. The predictions of this efficient coding hypothesis regarding the spatial filtering properties of the visual system have been found consistent with human perception, but they have not been compared directly with neural responses. Here, we analyze the information that retinal ganglion cells transmit to the brain about the spatial information in natural images subject to three resource constraints: the number of retinal ganglion cells, their total response variances, and their total synaptic strengths. We derive a model that optimizes the transmitted information and compare it directly with measurements of complete functional connectivity between cone photoreceptors and the four major types of ganglion cells in the primate retina, obtained at single-cell resolution. We find that the ganglion cell population exhibited 80% efficiency in transmitting spatial information relative to the model. Both the retina and the model exhibited high redundancy (~30%) among ganglion cells of the same cell type. A novel and unique prediction of efficient coding, the relationships between projection patterns of individual cones to all ganglion cells, was consistent with the observed projection patterns in the retina. These results indicate a high level of efficiency with near-optimal redundancy in visual signaling by the retina.
Activation of the Classical Pathway of Complement by Resting and Shear Stress-Stimulated Human Endothelial Cells. (2005)

Abstract Complement activation is associated with a variety of inflammatory conditions including atherosclerosis, but the mechanism of complement activation in these settings is poorly understood. Endothelial cells (EC) play an important role in vascular pathology and express a variety of complement receptors, including gC1qR/p33, recognizing the globular domain of the complement component C1q. In preliminary studies, purified recombinant gC1qR/p33 was found to support C1q-dependent C4 activation in vitro, comprising 19.5% ± 8.3% (mean ± S.D., n=5) of that produced by aggregated IgG. In contrast, a truncated form of gC1qR/p33, lacking the C1q binding domain, failed to support C4 activation. Additional studies were performed with immortalized bone marrow microvascular EC to investigate classical complement pathway activation and deposition. EC were exposed to anticoagulated (0.32 % sodium citrate) human plasma, diluted (1/10) in 0.01 M HEPES buffered modified Tyrode’s solution, pH 7.5, containing 2 mM Mg Cl2 and 1 mM CaCl2, for 60 min, 37°C. A solid phase ELISA approach was used to detect EC-associated C1q and C4 activation (C4d). Statistically significant deposition of C4d (0.72 ± 0.3. OD units (ODU), n=4)(p=0.04) and C1q (0.57 ± 0.19. ODU, n=4) (p=0.002) was observed on EC that had been immobilized on poly-L-lysine coated microtiter wells. Consistent with classical complement pathway activation, C4d deposition remained at baseline (0.23 ± 0.13, ODU, n=4) in the presence of 10 mM EDTA, but C1q deposition was unaffected. Moreover, no significant C1q or C4d deposition occurred when endothelial cells were exposed to C1q depleted serum. Similar studies were performed using EC grown to confluence on Type I collagen to examine the effect of shear stress (12 dynes/cm2 for 1 hour in a cone-and-plate shearing device), simulating flow conditions in coronary arteries, on classical complement pathway activation and deposition. Compared to static conditions, shear stress resulted in an approximately 50% increase in C1q and C4d deposition on EC. This was accompanied by an approximately 2-fold increase in EC binding of a monoclonal antibody, 60.11, recognizing the N-terminal C1q binding domain of gC1qR/p33. Taken together, these data present evidence for a potential paradigm shift, illustrating immune complex independent classical complement pathway activation by gC1qR/p33, and deposition of activated classical complement components on EC. The generation and deposition of active complement components on EC is likely to contribute directly to vascular inflammation and atherosclerotic changes.
Appendix A (2002)

“SI” is an abbreviation for Le Système International d'Unités, an international system of units adopted by many national and international authorities, associations, professional societies, and agencies. SI is closely related to but not identical with the former cgs, mks, and mksa systems of metric units. Official information, development history, and more detail on SI can be found in Bureau of Standards Special Publication 330 (1974) and in the SEG Subcommittee on Metrification (1981) publication. SI is based on seven base units listed in Table 1 and two supplementary units (the last two).
Abstract 2377: Development and characterization of scFvs against TIP1/PDZ protein for cancer targeting (2019)

We identified TIP1 as a potential target to treat various cancers. TIP1 is over-expressed in glioblastoma, lung, head and neck and breast cancer. It is also a radiation inducible neo-antigen. TIP1consists of a single PDZ domain that binds the c-terminus of various cellular proteins like β-catenin, Rho, FAS, etc. It plays an important role in cell signaling, cancer development, and progression. TIP-1’s involvement in various survival pathways makes it an attractive target for anticancer therapeutics. Cancer can be targeted by different agents like antibodies (monoclonal, scFv, bi-specific, diabodies), peptides and small molecules. We will be targeting TIP1 using single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies. scFv is a fusion protein of the variable regions of the heavy (VH) and light chains (VL) of immunoglobulins, connected with a peptide linker. We generated a phage-displayed scFv library (WASHU 2) from patient samples. For library screening, we cloned and purified the recombinant TIP1 protein. We used the TIP1 protein as bait for biopanning to pulldown the TIP1-binding scFvs from the library. Three rounds of biopanning were performed to enrich the specific TIP1 binding scFvs. Phage ELISA was performed to confirm the binding of the identified clones to the TIP1 protein. Approximately fifty-one clones showing positive binding to TIP1 protein were identified.We have sequenced the identified clones to verify the full length of scFv sequence. Unique clones are being characterized and developed further as targeting agents of various cancers. We found cancer specific binding of our lead scFvs in mouse models of cancer. The lead scFvs will be expressed as scFv-Fc to enhance their biological activity. We will characterize the scFv-Fcs for their binding affinity to TIP1, cancer cell surface binding, in vivo tumor targeting and tissue cross-reactivity. The scFvs having the potential to internalize will be developed as immunotoxins.Citation Format: Abhay Singh, Vaishali Kapoor, Philipp Diebolder, Aaron Rhee, Buck Rogers, Dinesh Thotala, Dennis Hallahan. Development and characterization of scFvs against TIP1/PDZ protein for cancer targeting [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2377.
Three-Photon Absorption Spectra and Bandgap Scaling in Direct-Gap\n Semiconductors (2020)

This paper presents three-photon absorption (3PA) measurement results for\nnine direct-gap semiconductors, including full 3PA spectra for ZnSe, ZnS, and\nGaAs. These results, along with our theory of 3PA using an 8-band Kane model (4\nbands with double spin degeneracy), help to explain the significant\ndisagreements between experiments and theory in the literature to date. 3PA in\nthe 8-band model exhibits quantum interference between the various possible\npathways that is not observed in previous 2-band theories. We present\nmeasurements of degenerate 3PA coefficients in InSb, GaAs, CdTe, CdSe, ZnTe,\nCdS, ZnSe, ZnO, and ZnS. We examine bandgap, Eg, scaling using 2-band tunneling\nand perturbation theories that show agreement with the predicted Eg^-7\ndependence; however, For those semiconductors for which we measured full 3PA\nspectra, we observe significant discrepancies with both 2-band theories. On the\nother hand, our 8-band model shows excellent agreement with the spectral data.\nWe then use our 8-band theory to predict the 3PA spectra for 15 different\nsemiconductors in their zincblende form. These results allow prediction and\ninterpretation of the 3PA coefficients for various narrow to wide bandgap\nsemiconductors.\n
Treatment of diabetic complications with aldose reductase inhibitors (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTreatment of diabetic complications with aldose reductase inhibitorsJeffrey J. Ares and Duane D. Miller Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1986, 63, 3, 243Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1986Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 March 1986Published inissue 1 March 1986https://doi.org/10.1021/ed063p243RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views108Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Joint Identification and Control in Hybrid Linear Systems (2020)

We propose a theoretical framework for joint system identification and control on a class of stochastic linear systems. We investigate optimization algorithms for inferring endogenous and environmental parameters from data, part of which are used for control purposes. A number of non-trivial interplays among stability and performance, as well as computational challenges and fundamental limits in identification rate emerge. Our results are validated via simulation example on a quadcopter control problem.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHETISCHE ANALOGE VON POLYNUCLEOTIDEN 9. MITT. SYNTH. VON 3′‐O‐CARBOXYMETHYL‐2′‐DESOXY‐RIBONUCLEOSIDEN UND IHRE VERW. BEI DER SYNTH. EINES ANALOGEN VON 2′‐DESOXYADENYLYL‐(3′‐5′)‐THYMIDIN‐3′‐PHOSPHAT (1973)

Abstract Das Desoxycytidin‐Derivat (Ia) wird durch Reaktion mit dem Chloracetat (I (DMSO, NaH) unter Abspaltung der Acetylgruppe in die Säure (Ib) übergeführt.
Block copolymer-directed assembly of bare metal oxide nanocrystals for energy-related devices (2012)

The properties of metal oxide nanocrystals in energy-related devices are strongly dependent on the presence and chem. nature of ligands at their surface, and the architectures they assume in electroactive layers. A comprehensive strategy to control these aspects of the electrode's design will be presented. First, we will describe an exceptionally versatile class of reagents, trialkyloxonium salts, for stripping carboxylate-, phosphonate- and amine-based native ligands from the surfaces of transition metal oxide nanocrystals, resulting in either bare or BF4-/DMF-passivated surfaces depending on the material used. These reagents were effective for either thin films of nanocrystals or their dispersions. Significantly, no etching of the nanocrystals was obsd. Dispersions of bare nanocrystals are useful as nanoinks for prepg. electrodes free of insulating ligands. These nanoinks are also amenable to architecturing at the mesoscale using appropriately-designed macromol. templating agents that make particular use of dynamic mol. interactions directed at the nanocrystal surface. Mesostructured electroactive layers as such are poised to overcome ion/electron transport limitations assocd. with electrochem. reactions occurring at electrolyte-accessible interfaces.
Broadband High-Efficiency Half-Wave Plate Using Plasmonic Metasurface (2015)

We demonstrate an ultrathin, broadband half-wave plate in the near-infrared range using a plasmonic metasurface. Simulated and experimental results indicate that such a broadband and high-efficiency performance is sustained over a wide range of incident angles.
A study of source and mask optimization for ArF scanners (2009)

The k1 factor continues to be driven downwards, in order to enable the 32 nm feature generation and beyond. Due to the extremely small process window that will be available for such demanding imaging challenges, it is necessary not only for each unit contributing to the imaging system to be driven to its ultimate performance capability, but also that active techniques that can expand the process window and robustness of the imaging against various kinds of imaging parameter be implemented. One such technique is a Source & Mask Optimization<sup>1</sup> (SMO). In this paper we are going to study the effect of SMO and discuss its application to ArF exposure tools. Free form optimization example and constrained optimization will be compared with conventional illumination setting. Furthermore realization of the SMO with sPURE, which is optical element to generate customized illumination discussed.
Characteristics of a monolithically integrated doping superlattice optical circuit (1988)

Characteristics of a monolithically integrated optical circuit made of GaAs doping superlattices are investigated. Qualitative explanations of the results are given. The results show that doping superlattices have potential for integrated optics applications.
Supplementary Table S2 from First-in-Human Study of the Radioligand <sup>68</sup>Ga-N188 Targeting Nectin-4 for PET/CT Imaging of Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Information of healthy subjects and urothelial carcinoma patients enrolled in PET/CT imaging studies using 68Ga-N188 and 18F-FDG&lt;/p&gt;