gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermoreversible covalent crosslinking of maleated ethylene/propylene copolymers with diols (2008)

Abstract The objective of this study is the thermoreversible crosslinking of maleated ethylene/propylene copolymer (MAn‐ g ‐EPM) using the equilibrium reaction with diols. Covalent hemi‐ester crosslinks are formed via the reaction of anhydrides with alcohols, while an equilibrium shift at elevated temperatures may result in their removal. High conversions to hemi‐ester are obtained at low temperatures in the presence of p ‐toluenesulfonic acid, whereas conversions are low at high temperatures. The presence of microphase‐separated aggregates acting as physical crosslinks was demonstrated for MAn‐ g ‐EPM and all crosslinked materials. The covalent crosslinks were only formed within the aggregates, resulting in stronger aggregates that persisted to higher temperatures. The tensile strength and elasticity were significantly improved upon increasing level of crosslinking, whereas the type of diol has less influence. The covalently crosslinked MAn‐ g ‐EPM was reprocessable via compression molding at temperatures above 175 °C. Irreversible diester formation occurred for the longer diols, but did not prevent reprocessing, while short diols evaporated. Both effects lowered the level of crosslinking, resulting in significantly changed mechanical properties. The reprocessability does not originate from an equilibrium shift, but from a dynamic exchange between crosslinked and non‐crosslinked functional groups, which allows crosslinks to disconnect and the corresponding chain segments to diffuse between aggregates. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 1810–1825, 2008
Suppression of spurious modes in mirror-type thin film BAW resonators using an appropriate shape of the active area (2006)

F ilm bulk acoustic resonators (FBARs) have emerged as an important new technology for realization of GHz filter components. Two different technologies are commonly used: bridge-type and mirror-type resonator layer stacks. Both resonator configurations are susceptible to unwanted lateral modes beside the main resonance. Filters composed of FBARs, e.g. bandpass ladder-type filters, suffer from those spurious modes: they show a higher insertion loss, a lower bandwidth and several ripples in their passbands. Therefore, a practical method is needed to suppress spurious modes in FBARs. In the past, using membrane-type resonators with non-parallel edges of the active area (apodization) has been successfully applied to suppress lateral spurious modes. In contrast, for mirror-type FBARs the focus has been on mode suppression by means of a lateral edge design (frame-like resonators). In this paper we investigate in detail, if apodization works for acoustically more complicated mirror-type FBARs. We have processed a lot of eight 200-mm-wafers using a special test reticle set comprising resonators and filters with both distinct shapes of the active area, lateral edge design as well as combinations thereof. Our measurement results clearly single out optimum electrode shapes for apodization, but also manifest the superior performance of the lateral edge design. I. INTRODUCTION
Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus plantarum Strain UCMA 3037 (2013)

Nucleic acid of the strain Lactobacillus plantarum UCMA 3037, isolated from raw milk camembert cheese in our laboratory, was sequenced. We present its draft genome sequence with the aim of studying its functional properties and relationship to the cheese ecosystem.
Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression in the Recurrence of Superficial Low Grade Bladder Transitional Cell Carcinoma (2007)

Over expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and 12, transforming growth factor-beta1, vascular endothelial growth factor and fos may be associated with the recurrence of superficial low grade bladder transitional cell carcinoma.
Preparation of Monofluorophenols via the Reaction of Difluorobenzene Derivatives with Potassium Trimethylsilanoate (2009)

An efficient synthesis of monofluorophenols via the ­reaction of difluorobenzene derivatives with potassium trimethyl­silanoate in moderate to excellent yields is described. High regio­selectivity was observed in some cases.
Neratinib protects pancreatic beta cells in diabetes (2019)

The loss of functional insulin-producing β-cells is a hallmark of diabetes. Mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1 (MST1) is a key regulator of pancreatic β-cell death and dysfunction; its deficiency restores functional β-cells and normoglycemia. The identification of MST1 inhibitors represents a promising approach for a β-cell-protective diabetes therapy. Here, we identify neratinib, an FDA-approved drug targeting HER2/EGFR dual kinases, as a potent MST1 inhibitor, which improves β-cell survival under multiple diabetogenic conditions in human islets and INS-1E cells. In a pre-clinical study, neratinib attenuates hyperglycemia and improves β-cell function, survival and β-cell mass in type 1 (streptozotocin) and type 2 (obese Lepr<sup>db/db</sup>) diabetic mouse models. In summary, neratinib is a previously unrecognized inhibitor of MST1 and represents a potential β-cell-protective drug with proof-of-concept in vitro in human islets and in vivo in rodent models of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
Rethinking CKD Evaluation: Should We Be Quantifying Basal or Stimulated GFR to Maximize Precision and Sensitivity? (2017)

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasing clinical problem. Although clinical risk factors and biomarkers for the development and progression of CKD have been identified, there is no commercial surveillance technology to definitively diagnose and quantify the severity and progressive loss of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in CKD. This has limited the study of potential therapies to late stages of CKD when FDA-registerable events are more likely. Because patient outcomes, including the rate of CKD progression, correlate with disease severity and effective therapy may require early intervention, being able to diagnose and stratify patients by their level of decreased kidney function early on is key for translational progress. In addition, renal reserve, defined as the increase in GFR following stimulation, may improve the quantification of GFR based solely on basal levels. Various groups are developing and characterizing optical measurement techniques using new minimally invasive or noninvasive approaches for quantifying basal and stimulated kidney function. This development has the potential to allow widespread individualization of therapy at an earlier disease stage. Therefore, the purposes of this review are to suggest why quantifying stimulated GFR, by activating renal reserve, may be advantageous in patients and to review fluorescent technologies to deliver patient-specific GFR.
Ligand-Induced Stabilization of the Native Human Superoxide Dismutase 1 (2021)

A common characteristic of familial (fALS) and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS) is the accumulation of aberrant proteinaceous species in the motor neurons and spinal cord of ALS patients-including aggregates of the human superoxide dismutase 1 (hSOD1). hSOD1 is an enzyme that occurs as a stable dimeric protein with several post-translational modifications such as the formation of an intramolecular disulfide bond and the acquisition of metal cofactors that are essential for enzyme activity and further contribute to protein stability. Some mutations and/or destabilizing factors promote hSOD1 misfolding, causing neuronal death. Aggregates containing misfolded wild-type hSOD1 have been found in the spinal cords of sALS as well as in non-hSOD1 fALS patients, leading to the hypothesis that hSOD1 misfolding is a common part of the ALS pathomechanism. Therefore, stabilizing the native conformation of SOD1 may be a promising approach to prevent the formation of toxic hSOD1 species and thus ALS pathogenesis. Here, we present the 16-mer peptide S1VL-21 that interferes with hSOD1 aggregation. S1VL-21 was identified by phage display selection with the native conformation of hSOD1 as a target. Several methods such as microscale thermophoresis (MST) measurements, aggregation assays, and cell viability assays revealed that S1VL-21 has a micromolar binding affinity to native hSOD1 and considerably reduces the formation of hSOD1 aggregates. This present work therefore provides the first important data on a potential lead compound for hSOD1-related drug development for ALS therapy.
Quantification in Gas Chromatography: Prediction of Flame Ionization Detector Response Factors from Combustion Enthalpies and Molecular Structures (2010)

In a previous report, we validated the use of a database that compiled the relative response factors of flavor and fragrance compounds under standard GC conditions for a flame ionization detector. Here we investigate the prediction of unknown response factors from the molecular structure by using combustion enthalpies. In a first step, this enthalpy was well-predicted with either ab initio calculation or multiple linear regression based on the molecular formula. In a second step, good correlation was observed between these combustion enthalpies and experimental relative response factors, and so the response factors were predictable from only the molecular formula. With a database of 351 compounds, about 60% of them exhibited a difference of less than 5% between the predicted and experimental relative response factors and about 80% exhibited a difference of less than 10%.
Fundamental study of the development and evaluation of biodegradable Mg-Y-Ca-Zr based alloys as novel implant materials (2016)

Degradable metals hold considerable promise as materials which exhibit higher mechanical properties than degradable polymers while corroding over time to alleviate complications such as stress-shielding and infection that is inherent to permanent, bioinert metallic biomaterials. Specifically, degradable magnesium (Mg) alloys have emerged as a promising alternative for orthopedic and craniofacial applications due to their positive bone remodeling behavior, good biocompatibility, and relatively high strength compared to polymers while exhibiting similar stiffness to natural bone. Increasing the strength to maintain device integrity during degradation while simultaneously controlling the rapid corrosion of Mg to reduce the risk of hydrogen gas accumulation and toxicity are ongoing paramount goals for optimizing Mg alloys for musculoskeletal applications. In order to address these goals, novel Mg-Y-Ca-Zr based alloys were developed with alloying elements judiciously selected to impart favorable properties. Processing techniques including solution heat treatment combined with hot extrusion were employed to further enhance the desired properties of the material namely, controlled corrosion, high strength and ductility, and minimal toxic response. Increasing the Y content contributed to improved corrosion resistance yielding corrosion rates similar to commercial Mg alloys. Hot extrusion was employed to reduce the grain size, thereby improving mechanical properties through the Hall-Petch relation. Extrusion yielded extremely high strength relative to other Mg alloys, values approaching that of iron-based alloys, due to the presence of Mg12YZn, a long period stacking order phase that served to impede dislocation propagation. Both as-cast and extruded Mg-Y-Ca-Zr alloys demonstrated excellent in vitro cytocompatibility eliciting high viability and proliferation of MC3T3 pre-osteoblast cells and human mesenchymal stem cells. Alloying elements Y and Zr were specifically shown to improve cell proliferation. Finally, implantation of Mg-Y-Ca-Zr based alloys into the mouse subcutaneous tissue and intramedullary cavities of fractured rat femurs resulted in a normal host response and fracture healing, without eliciting any local or systemic toxicity. Thus, the alloys investigated in this work demonstrated great potential for applications as orthopedic and craniofacial implant biomaterials, warranting additional pre-clinical safety and efficacy trials that will be conducted in the near future.
Design and Implementation of an Embedded FPGA Floating Point DSP Block (2014)

This paper describes the architecture and implementation, from both the standpoint of target applications as well as circuit design, of an FPGA DSPBlock that can efficiently support both fixed and floating-point (FP) arithmetic. Most contemporary FPGAs embed DSP blocks that provide simplemultiply-add-based fixed-point arithmetic cores. Current floating-point arithmetic FPGA solutions make use of these hardened DSP resources, together with embedded memory blocks and soft logic resources, however, larger systems cannot be efficiently implemented due to the routing and soft logic limitations on the devices, resulting in significant area, performance, and power consumption penalties compared to ASIC implementations. In this paper we analyze earlier proposed embedded floating-point implementations, and show why they are not suitable for a production FPGA. We contrast these against our solution -- a unified DSP Block -- where (a) the FP multiplier is overlaid on the fixed point constructs, (b) the FP Adder/Subtracter is integrated as a separate unit; and (c) the multiplier and adder can be combined in a way that is both arithmetically useful, but also efficient in terms of FPGA routing density and congestion. In addition, a novel way of seamlessly combining any number of DSP Blocks in a low latency structurewill be introduced. We will show that this new approach allows a low cost, low power, and high density floating point platform on current 20nm FPGAs.
Enhancement of Particle Swarm Optimization by Stabilizing Particle Movement (2013)

We propose an improvement of particle swarm optimization (PSO) based on the stabilization of particle movement (PM). PSO uses a stochastic variable to avoid an unfortunate state in which every particle quickly settles into a unanimous, unchanging direction, which leads to overshoot around the optimum position, resulting in a slow convergence. This study shows that randomly located particles may converge at a fast speed and lower overshoot by using the proportional‐integralderivative approach, which is a widely used feedback control mechanism. A benchmark consisting of representative training datasets in the domains of function approximations and pattern recognitions is used to evaluate the performance of the proposed PSO. The final outcome confirms the improved performance of the PSO through facilitating the stabilization of PM.
Stereoselective chemoenzymic synthesis of UDP-1,2-cis-furanoses from alpha, beta -furanosyl 1-phosphates (2008)

International audience
The Effect of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Blockade on Glucagon-Induced Stimulation of Insulin Secretion (2022)

Data from transgenic rodent models suggest that glucagon acts as an insulin secretagogue by signaling through the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) present on β-cells. However, its net contribution to physiologic insulin secretion in humans is unknown. To address this question, we studied individuals without diabetes in two separate experiments. Each subject was studied on two occasions in random order. In the first experiment, during a hyperglycemic clamp, glucagon was infused at 0.4 ng/kg/min, increasing by 0.2 ng/kg/min every hour for 5 h. On one day, exendin-9,39 (300 pmol/kg/min) was infused to block GLP-1R, while on the other, saline was infused. The insulin secretion rate (ISR) was calculated by nonparametric deconvolution from plasma concentrations of C-peptide. Endogenous glucose production and glucose disappearance were measured using the tracer-dilution technique. Glucagon concentrations, by design, did not differ between study days. Integrated ISR was lower during exendin-9,39 infusion (213 ± 26 vs. 191 ± 22 nmol/5 h, saline vs. exendin-9,39, respectively; P = 0.02). In the separate experiment, exendin-9,39 infusion, compared with saline infusion, also decreased the β-cell secretory response to a 1-mg glucagon bolus. These data show that, in humans without diabetes, glucagon partially stimulates the β-cell through GLP-1R.
Reliable and efficient programming abstractions for wireless sensor networks (2007)

It is currently difficult to build practical and reliable programming systems out of distributed and resource-constrained sensor devices. The state of the art in today's sensornet programming is centered around a component-based language called nesC. nesC is a node-level language-a program is written for an individual node in the network-and nesC programs use the services of an operating system called TinyOS. We are pursuing an approach to programming sensor networks that significantly raises the level of abstraction over this practice. The critical change is one of perspective: rather than writing programs from the point of view of an individual node, programmers implement a central program that conceptually has access to the entire network. This approach pushes to the compiler the task of producing node-level programs that implement the desired behavio.
Domains regulating transcriptional activity of the inducible orphan receptor NGFI-B. (1992)

NGFI-B is an early response gene which encodes a protein that has strong homology with nuclear receptors in the DNA binding domain and in carboxyl-terminal domains responsible for ligand binding and regulation of transcriptional activity. Previously, we have demonstrated that NGFI-B is transcriptionally active in cells grown in vitro in the absence of exogenously added ligand. However, the ligand for NGFI-B does not appear to be a component of cell culture medium, as NGFI-B remained active when expressed in cells grown in medium lacking phenol red, serum, essential vitamins, or essential amino acids. To define the transactivation domains, a mutational analysis was conducted which revealed that a serine/threonine-rich area of 18 amino acids within the amino terminus, termed TAB-1, is an important transcriptional activation domain. The mutation of two adjacent serine and threonine residues within TAB-1 significantly decreased transactivation by NGFI-B. An examination of the role of the carboxyl terminus in regulating NGFI-B transcriptional activity revealed that, in accordance with other nuclear receptors, mutants lacking portions of the carboxyl terminus had greatly decreased activity. The similarity with other receptors was further supported by studies with the mutant B delta 414-597 which encodes a fully active, truncated receptor analogous to a hormone-independent, constitutively active glucocorticoid receptor truncation mutant. This NGFI-B truncation mutant had activity similar to wild type NGFI-B in a number of mammalian cell lines; however, in contrast, it was 8-fold more active than the wild type receptor in the Drosophila S2 cell line, suggesting that insect cells either lack the NGFI-B ligand or obligatory accessory factors.
Protocol for a winter sentinel surveillance program of notifiable respiratory viruses in Queensland (2022)

Once implemented, this surveillance program will determine the weekly prevalence of COVID-19 and other respiratory viruses in the broader community by testing a representative sample of adults, with an aim to detect early changes in the baseline positivity rate. This information is essential to define the epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in the community in near-real time to inform public health control measures and prepare health services and other stakeholders for a rise in service demand.
Identification of a conjunctivitis-associated gene locus from the virulence plasmid of Yersinia enterocolitica (1990)

The virulence plasmid (pYV) of Yersinia enterocolitica is necessary for production of conjunctivitis in guinea pigs and for mouse lethality. To identify the genes responsible for production of conjunctivitis in guinea pigs, we subcloned the BamHI and SalI restriction fragments of the virulence plasmid of Y. enterocolitica A2635 (serotype O:8) into derivatives of the broad-host-range plasmid pRK290 and introduced the constructions into plasmid-negative Y. enterocolitica strains. A mild, transient conjunctivitis was evident 24 h after inoculation with strains containing a 2.8-kilobase (kb) BamHI fragment of pYV. These strains were cytotoxic to HEp-2 cells but did not cause death in iron-loaded adult mice. When the 2.8- and adjacent 0.5-kb BamHI fragments were deleted from the virulence plasmid of a fully virulent Y. enterocolitica isolate, the resultant strain did not cause conjunctivitis in guinea pigs and was not cytotoxic to HEp-2 cells. However, the strain with the deletion appeared to be more virulent for mice, with more rapid dissemination after orogastric inoculation, compared with that of the parent strain. When the deletion was complemented by introduction of a plasmid containing the 2.8-kb BamHI fragment, the strain again caused conjunctivitis but had decreased virulence for mice.
A wavelet-based two-stage near-lossless coder with L∞- error scalability (2006)

We present a wavelet-based near-lossless coder with L&infin;-error scalability. The method presented consists of a wavelet-based lossy layer encoder followed by multiple stages of residual refinements for L&infin;-error scalability. We introduce a successive refinement scheme in L&infin;-error sense for residual layers reminiscent of popular set-partitioning algorithms for embedded coding. The initial near-lossless error bound is attained by our previously proposed two-stage scheme which determines the bit-rate for the lossy layer 'on-the-fly' without any iteration. The resulting residual which is defined by the difference between the original and the initial near-lossless reconstruction is then further refined in L&infin;-error sense up to lossless reconstruction. This scheme provides a combination of L<sup>2</sup>-error embedded lossy reconstruction up to an automatically determined high-fidelity plus optional layers of scalable L&infin;-error. This may turn out to be particularly useful for scalable archival applications where the fidelity of reconstructions on the high-bit end needs to be strictly controlled.
Supplementary Figure S4 from Thyroid Cancers Exhibit Oncogene-Enhanced Macropinocytosis that Is Restrained by IGF1R and Promote Albumin–Drug Conjugate Response (2023)

&lt;p&gt;MAPK pathway kinase inhibitors show little effect on albumin uptake in non-tumor tissues, and lectin and dextran uptakes in tumor tissues&lt;/p&gt;
Biotin Synthase Is a Pyridoxal Phosphate-Dependent Cysteine Desulfurase (2002)

Biotin synthase (BioB) is an iron-sulfur dimeric enzyme which catalyzes the last step in biotin synthesis. The reaction consists of the introduction of a sulfur atom into dethiobiotin. It is shown here that BioB displays a significant cysteine desulfurase activity, providing it with the ability to mobilize sulfur from free cysteine. This activity is dependent on pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) and dithiothreitol and proceeds through a protein-bound persulfide. Like other cysteine desulfurases, BioB binds 1 equiv of PLP. By site-directed mutagenesis, two conserved cysteines, Cys97 and Cys128, are shown to be critical for cysteine desulfuration and are good candidates as the site for a persulfide. Since biotin synthase activity is greatly increased by PLP and cysteine, even though it does not exceed 1 nmol of biotin/nmol of monomer, it is proposed that cysteine desulfuration is intimately linked to biotin synthesis. New scenarios for sulfur insertion into dethiobiotin, in which cysteine persulfides play a key role, are discussed.
Extreme chirped pulse modelocked semiconductor laser (2006)

We demonstrate an extreme chirped pulse modelocked laser, simultaneously generating near-transform-limited 3.9 ps optical pulses and 510 ps linearly chirped output. The design overcomes fundamental limitations of energy extraction and nonlinearities induced by gain dynamics.