gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hydrogasifier development for the Hydrane process. Monthly progress report, September 1977 (1977)

Work during September was largely devoted to installation and checkout of a modular product recovery system. Once completed, the revised system was used in three tests of Rosebud subbituminous coal at nominal reactor conditions of 1600 psig, 3500 milliseconds residence time and 1475 to 1625/sup 0/F. This brings to 26 the total number of tests run to date at hydrogen pressures of 500 to 1600 psig, temperatures of 1475 to 1728/sup 0/F and residence times of 295 to 3500 msec. For the test results available to date, coal conversions have varied from 27 to 58 wt percent MAF and carbon conversions from 19 to 45 wt percent with hydrocarbon gas selectivity of 43 to 65 percent, hydrocarbon liquids selectivity of 12 to 32 percent and carbon oxides selectivity of 13 to 34 percent, respectively. Six tests of the /sup 1///sub 4/-ton/hr reactor system were conducted during September, bringing the total number of tests run to date to eight. Preliminary analysis of analytical chemical data obtained to date indicates that overall conversions and conversions to gaseous products were in substantial agreement with the Cities Service bench-scale results.
Structure of theE-1-hydroxy-2-methyl-but-2-enyl-4-diphosphate synthase (GcpE) fromThermus thermophilus (2010)

Isoprenoids are biosynthesized via the mevalonate or the 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) pathways the latter being used by most pathogenic bacteria, some parasitic protozoa, plant plastids, but not by animals. We determined the X-ray structure of the homodimeric [4Fe-4S] cluster carrying E-1-hydroxy-2-methyl-but-2-enyl-4-diphosphate synthase (GcpE) of Thermus thermophilus which catalyzes the penultimate reaction of the MEP pathway and is therefore an attractive target for drug development. The [4Fe-4S] cluster ligated to three cysteines and one glutamate is encapsulated at the intersubunit interface. The substrate binding site lies in front of an (αβ)(8) barrel. The great [4Fe-4S] cluster-substrate distance implicates large-scale domain rearrangements during the reaction cycle.
Development of New Type Rotary Compressors Suspended with Twin Springs in a Low Side Pressure Shell (1992)

This paper refers to the development of new type rotary compressors suspended with twin springs in a lo~ s1de pressure shell.We compared several types of compress~rs, for example h1gh side pressure shell type, low side pressure shell type, external-susp ended type, internal-susp ended type, and so on, from the viewpoint of noise reduction, vibration control and transient phenomena such as start-u~ noise.Based on these COIIIPUisons, It is proved that the low side pressure shell internal-susp ended t1pe is most advanced.According to this result, new type rotary compressor was developed.It has twin verticallY faced springs to suspend the components of compression mechanism and of electric motor.But there were many difficulties , such as oil feeding, vane forcing, and so on, to accomplish this new type rotary compressor.By solving these difficulties , the new type rotary compressor achieved reduction in stationary noise of 6 (dbA), and start-up noise of 8 (dbA), in comparison with our previous 'odels, and it has only 1/~ the stationary vibration of the previous ones.
Aggregation-induced emission: mechanistic study of the clusteroluminescence of tetrathienylethene (2017)

In this work we have investigated the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) behaviour of 1,1,2,2-tetra(thiophen-2-yl)ethene (tetrathienylethene, TTE). The semi-locked and fully-locked derivatives (sl-TTE and fl-TTE) have been synthesized to better understand the mechanism behind the solid state photoluminescence of TTE. TTE is a typical AIEgen and its luminescence can be explained through the mechanistic understanding of the restriction of intramolecular motions (RIM). The emissive behaviour of TTE in the THF/water aggregates and crystal state have also been studied, revealing a remarkable red-shift of 35 nm. A similar red-shift emission of 37 nm from the THF/water aggregates to the crystal state is also observed for (<i>E</i>)-1,2-di(thiophen-2-yl)ethene (<i>trans</i>-dithienylethene, DTE). Crystal analysis has revealed that the emission red-shifts are ascribable to the presence of strong sulfur-sulfur (S···S) intra- and intermolecular interactions that are as close as 3.669 Å for TTE and 3.679 Å for DTE. These heteroatom interactions could help explain the photoluminescence of non-conventional luminophores as well as the luminescence of non-conjugated biomacromolecules.
Electrical and structural characterization of PtSi/p-Si1−xGex low Schottky barrier junctions prepared by co-sputtering (1997)

Schottky barrier junctions of PtSi/Si1−xGex were produced; the silicide was deposited by co-sputtering on defect-free well-calibrated strained-Si1−xGex (0⩽x⩽0.242) layers. This work is motivated by the fact that it is very difficult to control the formation of well-defined and well-controlled PtSi/Si1−xGex junctions by reacting Pt/Si1−xGex or by using a silicon cap layer. The Schottky barrier heights of these junctions were substantially lower than those of PtSi/Si junctions. Different characterization tools were employed for structural characterization. High-resolution multicrystal x-ray diffraction (HR-MCXRD) was used to investigate the sample quality and strain state of the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) grown Si1−xGex layers and to accurately determine the Ge fraction in the fabricated junctions. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM) was applied to investigate the interface roughness. The possible interlayer diffusion was investigated by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The variation of the barrier height of the junctions with the Ge fraction x was studied, and it was found to follow the same change as the band gap of strained-Si1−xGex. Also, and for comparison, Pt/p-Si1−xGex junctions were produced, and the effect of annealing on electrical characteristics was investigated.
Abstract 2015: Thrombospondin-1 is a targetable marker of invasive, mesenchymal- like melanoma cells (2014)

Abstract Resistance to anti-cancer therapies arising from genetic heterogeneity is well understood. Less well characterised is the resistance to therapy proposed to occur via the plastic changes in melanoma cells generated by the impact of the tumor microenvironment. In melanoma, phenotypic-switching as means of plasticity has been well described and resembles, at least partially, an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The presence of mesenchymal-like, invasive and slow-proliferating cells in melanoma, a highly aggressive cancer with intrinsic resistance to chemotherapy, is controversial and their potential contribution to therapeutic resistance has yet to be determined. Methods: We examined melanoma cell lines for the presence of mesenchymal-like cells using CM-Dil, a membrane dye evenly distributed to daughter cells with each cell division as a marker of reduced cell division. Functional assays included invasion and motility assays, in vivo mouse xenograft models as well as an in vivo chicken neural crest transplantation assay. Genome-wide gene-expression profiling was performed using Illumina HT12 arrays. Results: Here we show that mesenchymal-like cells are present in cell lines and in xenograft tumors, survive exposure to cytotoxic drugs and are invasive. Importantly, resistance was associated with a gene expression signature characterized by the expression of thrombospondin, TGFBI, genes associated with the extracellular matrix, and acquisition of increased invasiveness. This gene-expression pattern is reminiscent of an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in other solid cancers and a similar phenotype was detected after acquired resistance to the BRAF inhibitors PLX4720 and dabrafenib. Moreover, targeting thrombospondin in an in vivo model of melanoma cell plasticity and invasion led to the complete abrogation of the plastic and invasive potential of melanoma cells. Conclusion: The results link therapeutic resistance to the presence of mesenchymal-like and invasive cells, and identify potential targets for novel therapies directed at eradicating this key melanoma subpopulation. Citation Format: Andreas Behren, Aparna Jayachandran, Matthew Anaka, Christopher Hudson, Jonathan Cebon. Thrombospondin-1 is a targetable marker of invasive, mesenchymal- like melanoma cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2015. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2015
GRE and IP-in-IP Tunnels for Virtual Aggregation (2009)

The document Suppression with Virtual Aggregation [I-D.grow-va]
describes how FIB size may be reduced. That draft refers generically
to tunnels, and leaves it to other documents to define the tunnel
establishment methods for specific tunnel types. This document
provides those definitions for GRE and IP-in-IP tunnels.
ChemInform Abstract: Combinatorial Chemistry: Lottery for Chemists (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ENDOGES : GASTROINTESTINAL IMPLANT (2009)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Small Antennas Based on CRLH Structures: Concept, Design, and Applications (2011)

Recent growth in the use of wireless wide-area networks (WWAN), the adoption of broadband wireless local-area networks (WLAN), and consumer demand for seamless global access has pushed the wireless industry to support most broadband wireless standards. These are supported in different geographical areas by supporting multi-band and multimode operation in cellular handsets, access points, laptops, and client cards. This has created a great challenge for engineers. It has pushed RF and antenna design beyond the capabilities of current technologies, opening the door for creative solutions that are 1) multi-band, 2) low profile, 3) small, 4) better performing (including MIMO), 5) accelerate time to market, 6) low cost, and 7) easy to integrate in the devices listed above. Conventional state-of-the-art antenna technologies satisfy a subset of these seven criteria; however, they hardly satisfy all of them. In this paper, we apply composite right-left-hand “CRLH-based” RF design to print penta-band handset antennas directly on the printed circuit board (PCS), and balanced-antennas for Wi-Fi access points. Full active and passive performance is presented, while describing key benefits of metamaterial antennas. We also analyze in detail how these antennas operate, while focusing on the main left-handed (LH) mode that enables antenna size reduction, and the ability to print them directly on the printed circuit board.
Ceramic temperature sensors for gas turbine engine applications (2004)

A thin film ceramic thermocouple based on indium-tin-oxide (ITO) thin films was developed to measure the surface temperature of both static and dynamic engine components. It was observed that fabrication of two different ITO elements made possible the construction of a robust caramic thermocouple. It was also observed that ITO thin films prepared in nitrogen rich plasmas have survived temperatures in excess of 1575°C. The thermal cycling of ITO thin films in various oxygen partial pressures showed that the temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) was nearly independent of oxygen partial pressure.
Editorial [New EIC S.J. Savory] (2012)

One of the roles of the Editor-in-Chief is to set the strategic direction for PTL, and so over the next few years you will see changes introduced to better serve the photonics community. These changes are designed to focus on the remit of PTL, namely to facilitate rapid publication of concise letters detailing the latest research into photonics technology in its widest sense. To better facilitate rapid publication, as of January 2012, PTL has moved to a streamlined review process, which has seen the removal of major revisions as an option. Only moderate revisions which can realistically be completed within two weeks will be considered, the rational being that a manuscript that requires more extensive revisions often requires several more rounds of revision, in opposition of the rapid publication remit of PTL. As such, if a manuscript requires extensive revisions, given the requirements for rapid publication, the letter will be rejected and the authors requested to resubmit an extensively revised version of the manuscript at a later date of their choosing. This allows the authors to carefully address the concerns raised by the reviewers without the temporal constraints imposed by a fixed deadline.
Reactive Chlorine Capture by Dichlorination of Alkene Linkers in Metal–Organic Frameworks (2022)

Chlorine (Cl<sub>2</sub>) is a toxic and corrosive gas that is both an essential reagent in industry and a potent chemical warfare agent. Materials that can strongly bind Cl<sub>2</sub> at low pressures are essential for industrial and civilian personal protective equipment (PPE). Herein, we report the first examples of irreversible Cl<sub>2</sub> capture via the dichlorination of alkene linkages in Zr-based metal-organic frameworks. Frameworks constructed from fumarate (Zr-fum) and stilbene (Zr-stilbene) linkers retain long-range order and accessible porosity after alkene dichlorination. In addition, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy reveals an even distribution of Cl throughout both materials after Cl<sub>2</sub> capture. Cl<sub>2</sub> uptake experiments reveal high irreversible uptake of Cl<sub>2</sub> (>10 wt %) at low partial pressures (<100 mbar), particularly in Zr-fum. In contrast, traditional porous carbons mostly display reversible Cl<sub>2</sub> capture, representing a continued risk to users after exposure. Overall, our results support that alkene dichlorination represents a new pathway for reactive Cl<sub>2</sub> capture, opening new opportunities for binding this gas irreversibly in PPE.
Search for weakly decaying b-flavored pentaquarks (2018)

Investigations of the existence of pentaquark states containing a single b (anti)quark decaying weakly into four specific final states J/K -p, J/K - -p, J/K - p, and J/1020p are reported. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb -1 in 7 and 8 TeV pp collisions acquired with the LHCb detector. Signals are not observed and upper limits are set on the product of the production cross section times branching fraction with respect to that of the 0 b .
Measuring diffusion limitation with a perfusion-limited gas—Hyperpolarized 129Xe gas-transfer spectroscopy in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (2014)

Although xenon is classically taught to be a "perfusion-limited" gas, (129)Xe in its hyperpolarized (HP) form, when detected by magnetic resonance (MR), can probe diffusion limitation. Inhaled HP (129)Xe diffuses across the pulmonary blood-gas barrier, and, depending on its tissue environment, shifts its resonant frequency relative to the gas-phase reference (0 ppm) by 198 ppm in tissue/plasma barrier and 217 ppm in red blood cells (RBCs). In this work, we hypothesized that in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), the ratio of (129)Xe spectroscopic signal in the RBCs vs. barrier would diminish as diffusion-limitation delayed replenishment of (129)Xe magnetization in RBCs. To test this hypothesis, (129)Xe spectra were acquired in 6 IPF subjects as well as 11 healthy volunteers to establish a normal range. The RBC:barrier ratio was 0.55 ± 0.13 in healthy volunteers but was 3.3-fold lower in IPF subjects (0.16 ± 0.03, P = 0.0002). This was caused by a 52% reduction in the RBC signal (P = 0.02) and a 58% increase in the barrier signal (P = 0.01). Furthermore, the RBC:barrier ratio strongly correlated with lung diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) (r = 0.89, P < 0.0001). It exhibited a moderate interscan variability (8.25%), and in healthy volunteers it decreased with greater lung inflation (r = -0.78, P = 0.005). This spectroscopic technique provides a noninvasive, global probe of diffusion limitation and gas-transfer impairment and forms the basis for developing 3D MR imaging of gas exchange.
Survival Benefit of a Monoclonal Antibody against Cadherin-17 in an Orthotopic Liver Tumor Xenograft Model (2016)

Aims: Monoclonal antibodies against tumor-related molecules are therapeutic agents for cancers. Promising results support the use of monoclonal antibodies in several cancers such as lung and breast cancer. However, using monoclonal antibodies as therapeutic agents to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a major type of liver cancer, is still at the beginning. We have previously generated a monoclonal antibody against cadherin-17 (CDH17), named Lic5. This antibody has proven anti-tumor and cisplatin-sensitizing effect in HCC using a subcutaneous tumor xenograft mouse model.
Turbulent Transport in Film Cooling Flows (2005)

This experimental study was performed on a single row of round holes with a 35° surface angle, representing film cooling geometry commonly used in turbine engines. Simultaneous velocity and temperature measurements were made using a cold-wire in conjunction with a LDV. The experimentally determined cross correlations provide a direct indication of the extent of turbulent transport of heat and momentum in the flow, which in turn governs dispersion of the film cooling jet. Actual engine environments have elevated mainstream turbulence levels that can severely reduce the cooling capability of film cooling jets. Clearly, the turbulent transport for very high mainstream turbulence is expected to be markedly different than that with low mainstream turbulence, and would improve our understanding of the mechanisms involved in the dispersion of film cooling jets. Experimental cross-correlation data was obtained for two vastly different freestream turbulence levels (0.6% and 20%) in this study. For this purpose, eddy diffusivities for momentum and heat transport were estimated from the measured data. These results will help develop new turbulence models and also explain why gradient diffusion based models do not give good predictions relative to experimental results.
Abstract 4134: Boosting anti-tumor immunity by promoting high endothelial venule and tertiary lymphoid structure formation in solid tumors via LTBR agonism (2023)

Abstract High endothelial venules (HEV) are specialized blood vessels that mediate lymphocyte trafficking to lymph nodes. Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are ectopic lymphoid formations that develop in inflamed, infected or tumoral tissues. TLS contain HEV and B cell follicles surrounded by a T-cell zone and are characterized by abundant chemokine expression. The presence of TLS and HEV in solid tumors is positively correlated with patient survival in many cancer types, and may even be predictive of better response to immune-checkpoint blockade. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the intratumoral HEV and TLS formation remain unclear. Using murine syngeneic tumor models, we found that systemic activation of lymphotoxin beta receptor (LTBR) with an agonistic antibody induced tumor-specific HEV formation, increased dendritic cell (DC) and T cell infiltration, and enhanced T cell activation in the tumor. In vitro assays revealed that LTBR agonism directly upregulated activation and maturation markers in bone marrow-derived DCs and promoted DC-mediated CD4 and CD8 T cell activation. Single agent LTBR agonist treatment attenuated Colon26 tumor growth in a CD8 T cell-dependent manner. In combination treatment studies, LTBR agonism further augmented anti-tumor efficacy of anti-PD1 and of CAR-T therapy. Notably, LTBR agonist mAb treatment upregulated the expression of TLS-related chemokines and induced TLS-like structures in approximately 20% of treated tumors. To enhance TLS induction, we generated syngeneic tumor models engineered to express several cytokines/chemokines and performed an in vivo screen for tumor-associated TLS formation. We identified some factors that in combination with LTBR agonism induced B cell enrichment and immature TLS formation, while others promoted robust TLS induction and anti-tumor effect. TLS formation induced by combined LTBR agonism and cytokine expression is associated with augmented anti-tumor responses to anti-CTLA-4 treatment. By studying anti-tumor mechanisms of LTBR agonism-mediated HEV and TLS formation, this work informs the future therapeutic strategies to boost T cell infiltration and activation in solid tumors. Citation Format: Disi An, Guoying Chen, Wei Wang, Katja Mohrs, David DiLillo, Christopher Daly, Gavin Thurston, John Lin, Namita Gupta, Mickey Atwal, Frank Kuhnert. Boosting anti-tumor immunity by promoting high endothelial venule and tertiary lymphoid structure formation in solid tumors via LTBR agonism. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4134.
Use of low power EM radar sensors for speech articulator measurements (1997)

Very low power electromagnetic (EM) wave sensors are being used to measure speech articulator motions such as the vocal fold oscillations, jaw, tongue, and the soft palate. Data on vocal fold motions, that correlate well with established laboratory techniques, as well as data on the jaw, tongue, and soft palate are shown. The vocal fold measurements together with a volume air flow model are being used to perform pitch synchronous estimates of the voiced transfer functions using ARMA (autoregressive moving average) techniques. 6 refs., 5 figs.
Consumer life-cycle cost impacts of energy-efficiency standards for \nresidential-type central air conditioners and heat pumps (2001)

In support of the federal government's efforts to raise the minimum energy-efficiency standards for residential-type central air conditioners and heat pumps, a consumer life-cycle cost (LCC) analysis was conducted to demonstrate the economic impacts on individual consumers from revisions to the standards.LCC is the consumer's cost of purchasing and installing an air conditioner or heat pump and operating the unit over its lifetime.The LCC analysis is conducted on a nationally representative sample of air conditioner and heat pump consumers resulting in a distribution of LCC impacts showing the percentage of consumers that are either benefitting or being burdened by increased standards.Relative to the existing minimum efficiency standard of 10 SEER, the results show that a majority of split system air conditioner and heat pump consumers will either benefit or be insignificantly impacted by increased efficiency standards of up to 13 SEER.