gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dyspnea: neurobiological and clinical aspects (2022)

An analysis of the results of studies carried out by specialists of the Russian Respiratory Society over the past 15 years is given. The article also includes the main provisions set out in the III Guidelines for dyspnea. A significant part of the manual is devoted to the recent achievements in studying neurophysiological processes in the brain structures during the development of dyspnea. These achievements were driven by image-diagnosis methods. An important aspect of this series of works for the clinical practice was identifying dyspnea domains and developing the instruments to assess severity. Analysis of the data on dyspnea from the clinical practice showed a highly heterogenic clinical picture, which must be taken into account in the management of individual patients. A diagnostic algorithm for long-term follow-up of patients with dyspnea syndrome is also discussed. The attention of doctors is drawn to the features of dyspnea during COVID-19; the disproportion between the sensory perception of respiratory discomfort and the degree of oxygen desaturation is emphasized. It was concluded that in the Russian-speaking environment of patients, doctors should actively use a verbal characteristic of dyspnea the language of dyspnea.
Diagenetic effects of compaction on reservoir properties: The case of early callovian “Dalle Nacrée” formation (Paris basin, France) (2016)

The impact of compaction diagenesis on reservoir properties is addressed by means of observations made on five boreholes with different burial histories of the Early Callovian “Dalle Nacrée” Formation in the Paris Basin. Petrographic analyses were carried out in order to investigate the rock-texture, pore space type and volume, micro-fabrics, and cement phases. Based on the acquired data, a chronologically ordered sequence of diagenetic events (paragenesis) for each borehole was reconstructed taking the burial history into account. Point counting and a segmentation algorithm (Matlab) were used to quantify porosity, as well as the amounts of grain constituents and cement phases on scanned images of studied thin sections. In addition, four key samples were analyzed by 3D imaging using microfocus X-ray computer tomography. Basin margin grainstones display a different burial diagenesis when compared to basin centre grainstones and wackestones. The former have been affected by considerable cementation (especially by blocky calcite) prior to effective burial, in contrast to the basin centre lithologies where burial and compaction prevailed with relatively less cementation. Fracturing and bed-parallel stylolitization, observed especially in basinal wackestone facies also invoke higher levels of mechanical and chemical compaction than observed in basin marginal equivalents. Compaction fluids may have migrated at the time of burial from the basin centre towards its margins, affecting hence the reservoir properties of similar rock textures and facies and resulting in cross-basin spatial diagenetic heterogeneities.
A Study on Fast Trick Play for Digital Video Disk. Fast Trick Play Giving Priority to Central Part of Picture Frame. (1995)

MPEG2をベースにしたディジタルビデオディスクの特殊再生方法の検討を行った.本稿では, ディスクのアクセス待ち時間を考慮し, MPEG2のビットストリームを変更して, 一定の倍速スピードで高速再生を行う方法について検討した.
The kingdom of Tonga devastated by a megatsunami in the mid-15th century (2021)

International audience
(Invited) Developing Periodically Oriented Gallium Nitride for Frequency Conversion (2015)

The development of GaN as a quasi-phase matched material for high power frequency conversion by periodically orienting the crystal orientation is presented. For high power applications, thick material on native substrates is required. Recent work has produced periodically oriented (PO) GaN with thicknesses reaching 500μm on N-polar GaN substrates. Work on Ga-polar substrates has progressed, with demonstrations of PO structures. The ability to create PO structures on both polar faces of GaN substrates offers the promise of engineered materials with custom lateral and vertical polarity variations for applications in novel electronic and optoelectronic devices, a subset of which are expected to be suitable for non-linear optics.
Supplementary Methods from Inhibition of Glutaminase Preferentially Slows Growth of Glioma Cells with Mutant IDH1 (2023)

Supplementary Methods from Inhibition of Glutaminase Preferentially Slows Growth of Glioma Cells with Mutant IDH1
Detection of human CYP2Cs in heart, aorta and coronary tissues (2006)

CYP2C and CYP2J enzymes metabolize arachidonic to epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs). Expression of these enzymes in the cardiovascular system may have a direct relationship to hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, such as acute myocardial infarction (AMI). CYP2C polymorphisms have also been reported to result in an increased risk of AMI. Drugs that inhibit CYP2C9 activity are cardioprotective in animal models of reperfusion injury. In this study, normal heart, coronary and aorta tissues were obtained from individuals of various ages, sex and races. We then measured the abundance of CYP2C8, CYP2C9 and CYP2J2, in human heart, aorta and coronary samples by Real-time PCR, immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. Immunoblotting results show that CYP2J2 and CYP2C8 were detected in human heart, coronary vessels and aorta. The relative abundance of CYP2C9 and CYP2J2 mRNA were highly variable in human heart from different individuals, CYP2C8 was detected in only 1/8 hearts. In contrast, in human aorta, CYP2C9 mRNA levels were ~100-fold higher than either CYP2J2 or CYP2C8. In coronary artery, the levels of CYP2C9, CYP2J2, and CYP2C8 mRNA were more comparable but in general CYP2C9 was slightly higher. The presence of CYP2C9, and CYP2J2 and somewhat lower levels of CYP2C8 in cardiovascular tissues suggests that CYP2C9 and CYP2J2 have physiologically relevant roles in the production of vasoactive eicosanoids which may be important in modulating vascular tone and homeostasis. This research was supported by the intramural division of the NIEHS.
Radical and Concerted Mechanisms in Oxidations of Amines, Sulfides, and Alkenes by Peroxynitrite, Peroxynitrous Acid, and the Peroxynitrite−CO2 Adduct:  Density Functional Theory Transition Structures and Energetics J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 13002 (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionRadical and Concerted Mechanisms in Oxidations of Amines, Sulfides, and Alkenes by Peroxynitrite, Peroxynitrous Acid, and the Peroxynitrite−CO2 Adduct: Density Functional Theory Transition Structures and Energetics J. Am. Chem. Soc.1996, 118, 13002K. N. Houk, Kevin R. Condroski, and William A. PryorCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 12, 2964Publication Date (Web):March 26, 1997Publication History Published online26 March 1997Published inissue 1 March 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9754012https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9754012correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views348Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (19 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Efflux Pump Inhibitor Potentiates Antimicrobial Photodynamic Inactivation of Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm (2010)

Microbial biofilm architecture contains numerous protective features, including extracellular polymeric material that render biofilms impermeable to conventional antimicrobial agents. This study evaluated the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI) of Enterococcus faecalis biofilms. The ability of a cationic, phenothiazinium photosensitizer, methylene blue (MB) and an anionic, xanthene photosensitizer, rose bengal (RB) to inactivate biofilms of E. faecalis (OG1RF and FA 2-2) and disrupt the biofilm structure was evaluated. Bacterial cells were tested as planktonic suspensions, intact biofilms and biofilm-derived suspensions obtained by the mechanical disruption of biofilms. The role of a specific microbial efflux pump inhibitor (EPI), verapamil hydrochloride in the MB-mediated aPDI of E. faecalis biofilms was also investigated. The results showed that E. faecalis biofilms exhibited significantly higher resistance to aPDI when compared with E. faecalis in suspension (P < 0.001). aPDI with cationic MB produced superior inactivation of E. faecalis strains in a biofilm along with significant destruction of biofilm structure when compared with anionic RB (P < 0.05). The ability to inactivate biofilm bacteria was further enhanced when the EPI was used with MB (P < 0.001). These experiments demonstrated the advantage of a cationic phenothiazinium photosensitizer combined with an EPI to inactivate biofilm bacteria and disrupt biofilm structure.
17q21.31 sub-haplotypes underlying H1-associated risk for Parkinson’s disease are associated with LRRC37A/2 expression in astrocytes (2022)

These data indicate that a novel candidate gene, LRRC37A/2, contributes to the association between the 17q21.31 locus and PD via its interaction with α-synuclein and its effects on astrocytic function and inflammatory response. These data are the first to associate the genetic association at the 17q21.31 locus with PD pathology, and highlight the importance of variation at the 17q21.31 locus in the regulation of multiple genes other than MAPT and KANSL1, as well as its relevance to non-neuronal cell types.
Use of the transpiration method to study polonium evaporation from liquid lead-bismuth eutectic at high temperature (2014)

Abstract Qualitative and quantitative understanding of Po volatilization under different conditions is of key importance for safety assessments of lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) based nuclear reactors, spallation targets and accelerator driven systems. In this work we explore the possibilities of the transpiration method in combination with simple models to study the equilibrium and kinetics of Po evaporation from highly diluted solutions in lead-bismuth eutectic between 600 and 1000 ℃ in Ar/5% H 2 and Ar. On the basis of evaporation experiments at various carrier gas flow rates, we identified the conditions of vapor saturation allowing the determination of equilibrium constants. From the limiting behavior at high flow rates, values for the maximal evaporation rate of Po from LBE were estimated. Measurements of evaporation as a function of time were consistent with the assumption that polonium dissolved in LBE obeys Henry's law. A theoretical analysis furthermore suggested that diffusion of polonium in LBE was not a rate limiting factor for evaporation under vapor saturation conditions. Newly determined values for the Henry constant of Po in LBE between 600 and 1000 ℃ were consistent with previously derived correlations.
Influence of defects and processing parameters on the properties of indium tin oxide films on polyethylene napthalate substrate (2007)

Indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films were deposited on polyethylene napthalate (PEN) by rf sputtering using different rf powers (60 and 120W) and at different substrate temperatures (room temperature and 100°C). Selected PEN substrates were pretreated using an Ar plasma before ITO sputter deposition. Rutherford backscattering spectrometry was used to determine the oxygen content in the films. Hall effect measurements were used to evaluate the electrical properties. In this paper the influence of defect structure, sputtering conditions, and the effect of annealing on the electrical and optical properties of ITO on PEN have been investigated. Electrical properties such as carrier concentration, mobility, and resistivity of the ITO films varied with rf power and substrate temperature. The electrical and optical properties of the films changed after annealing in air. This study also describes how the as-deposited amorphous ITO changes from amorphous to crystalline as a result of heat treatment, and investigates the effects of Sn defect clustering on electrical and optical properties of the ITO films.
Premium Access to Convolutional Neural Networks (2020)

Neural Networks (NNs) are today used for all our daily tasks; for instance, in mobile phones. We here want to show how to restrict their access to privileged users. Our solution relies on a degraded implementation which can be corrected thanks to a PIN. We explain how to select a few parameters in an NN so as to maximize the gap in the accuracy between the premium and the degraded modes. We report experiments on an implementation of our proposal on a deep NN to prove its practicability.
Experimental evaluation of a chatter free sliding mode control for lateral control in AHS (1997)

Presents the design and experimental evaluation of a vehicle lateral controller for automated highway systems (AHS) based on sliding mode control (SMC). The primary control objective is to track the lane center line. The dynamic model of the, vehicle is nonlinear and has parametric uncertainties. SMC, a robust control technique is used to take care of the nonlinearities and parametric uncertainties in the model. Importance is given to reduction or elimination of the control chatter inherent in the SMC systems involving switching functions. An SMC based controller is designed such that asymptotic tracking is assured without chatter. A robust observer is designed for lateral velocity estimation. Closed loop experiments done on a passenger car are presented.
A monolithic 9 degree of freedom (DOF) capacitive inertial MEMS platform (2014)

A monolithic 9 degree of freedom capacitive inertial MEMS platform is presented in this paper. This platform for the first time integrates 3 axis gyroscopes, accelerometers, and Lorentz Force magnetometers together on the same chip without using any magnetic materials. This reduces the assembly cost, and fully eliminates the need of magnetic material processing and axis misalignment calibration. The fabricated sensors, vacuum packaged (vacuum ~100mTorr) at wafer level with epi-polysilicon through silicon interposer (TSI) wafer using eutectic bonding, performed within 10% of the simulation results.
Inhibitory effects of protopanaxatriol type ginsenoside fraction (Rgx365) on particulate matter-induced pulmonary injury (2019)

Inhalation of fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) is associated with elevated pulmonary injury attributed to the loss of vascular barrier integrity. Black ginseng (BG), steamed 9 times and dried ginseng, and its major protopanaxatriol type ginsenosides (ginsenoside Rg4, Rg6, Rh4, Rh1, and Rg2) exhibited various biological activities including anti-septic, anti-diabetic, wound healing, immune-stimulatory, and anti-antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the beneficial effects of Rgx365 (a protopanaxatriol type rare ginsenosides fraction) on PM-induced lung endothelial cell (EC) barrier disruption and pulmonary inflammation. Permeability, leukocyte migration, activation of proinflammatory proteins, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and histology were examined in PM<sub>2.5</sub>-treated EC and mice. Rgx365 significantly scavenged PM<sub>2.5</sub>-induced ROS, inhibited ROS-induced activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), activated Akt in purified pulmonary EC, which helped maintain endothelial integrity. Further, Rgx365 reduced vascular protein leakage, leukocyte infiltration, and proinflammatory cytokine release in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids in PM-induced mouse lung tissues. Data suggested that Rgx365 might exhibit protective effects in PM-induced inflammatory lung injury and vascular hyperpermeability.
Engineering Nanomaterials and Nanostructures for Electronic Applications: A Case Study of Carbon Nanotubes for Memory Devices (2020)

A ultra-high purity carbon nanotube formulation and film is described. This material system has been successfully integrated into a semiconductor fabrication process for electronic device applications. Key challenges that were resolved to successfully implement this new material system into the semiconductor process are described.
Distortion matrix concept for deep imaging in optical coherence microscopy (Conference Presentation) (2020)

In optical imaging, light propagation is affected by the medium inhomogeneities. Adaptive optics has been employed to compensate for sample-induced aberrations but the field-of-view is often limited to a single isoplanatic patch. Here, we propose a non-invasive approach based on the distortion matrix concept. This matrix basically connects any focusing point with the distorted part of its wave-front in reflection. Its time-reversal and entropy analysis allows to correct for high-order aberrations over multiple isoplanatic areas. We demonstrate a Strehl ratio enhancement up to 2500 and a diffraction-limited resolution until a depth of ten scattering mean free paths through biological tissues.
Providing Multimedia Tools for Recording, Reconstruction, Visualisation and Database Storage/Access of Archaeological Excavations (2003)

Over the years archaeologists have been swift to embrace new advances in technology that allow them to more comprehensively document the results of their work. Today it is commonplace to find information technologies, in the form MS Office-type tools with some CAD and GIS, deployed for primary data capture, analysis, presentation and publication. While these computing technologies can be used effectively to record and interpret archaeological sites, the radical developments in 3D recording, reconstruction and visualisation tools have had relatively limited impact upon the archaeological community. This is unfortunate as these new technologies have the potential to (a) enable the archaeologists to record their unrepeatable experiments to unprecedented levels of accuracy, (b) enable the archaeologists to reconstruct artefacts such as pottery from sherds, textures and sites from different eras (c) visualise the wealth of excavated information in dynamic new ways away from the archaeological site during post-excavation analysis, (d) make this wealth of detail available to the scholarly community as part of the publication process and secure its digital longevity through its deposition in a trusted digital library/archive and (e) communicate the excitement and importance of their archaeological site and its finds to an interested non-academic audience. This paper describes the overall concept of the EU funded project, 3D Measurement and Virtual Reconstruction of Ancient Lost Worlds of Europe (3D MURALE), that has developed and created a set of low-cost multimedia tools for recording, reconstructing, encoding, and visualising archaeological artefacts and site.
Synthesis and Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Water-Soluble Polyferrocenylsilane Polyelectrolytes (2006)

Polyferrocenylsilanes (PFSs) are an interesting class of high molecular weight transition metal-containing polymers which exhibit attractive redox, semiconductive, preceramic and other physical properties. Convenient routes to a range of cationic and anionic water-soluble PFS polyelectrolytes have been achieved. These metal-containing materials are readily soluble in water and have been utilized in the self-assembly of multilayer superlattices. The electrostatic assembly of the water-soluble PFSs have also been used in tuning the optical properties of photonic crystals with nanometer scale precision.
Polymorphisms of large effect explain the majority of the host genetic contribution to variation of HIV-1 virus load (2015)

Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of HIV-1-infected populations have been underpowered to detect common variants with moderate impact on disease outcome and have not assessed the phenotypic variance explained by genome-wide additive effects. By combining the majority of available genome-wide genotyping data in HIV-infected populations, we tested for association between ∼8 million variants and viral load (HIV RNA copies per milliliter of plasma) in 6,315 individuals of European ancestry. The strongest signal of association was observed in the HLA class I region that was fully explained by independent effects mapping to five variable amino acid positions in the peptide binding grooves of the HLA-B and HLA-A proteins. We observed a second genome-wide significant association signal in the chemokine (C-C motif) receptor (CCR) gene cluster on chromosome 3. Conditional analysis showed that this signal could not be fully attributed to the known protective CCR5Δ32 allele and the risk P1 haplotype, suggesting further causal variants in this region. Heritability analysis demonstrated that common human genetic variation-mostly in the HLA and CCR5 regions-explains 25% of the variability in viral load. This study suggests that analyses in non-European populations and of variant classes not assessed by GWAS should be priorities for the field going forward.
Measurement of Methane Oxidation in Lakes:  A Comparison of Methods (2002)

Methane oxidation in lakes constrains the methane emissions to the atmosphere and simultaneously enables the transfer of methane carbon to pelagic food webs. Several different methods have been used to estimate methane oxidation, but these methods have not previously been compared. In this study, we present methane oxidation estimates from three different lakes during summer and winter, using methods based on the transformation of added 14CH4, the fractionation of natural methane 13C, and the mass balance modeling of concentration gradients. All methods yielded similar results, including similar differences between lakes and seasons. Average methane oxidation rates varied from 0.25 to 81 mg of C m(-2) d(-1) and indicatethatthethree methods are comparable, although they to some extent take different processes into account. Critical issues as well as drawbacks and advantages with the used methods are thoroughly discussed. We conclude that methods using the stable isotope or mass balance modeling approach represent promising alternatives, particularly for studies focusing on ecosystem-scale carbon metabolism.
A Simple and Efficient One‐Step Synthesis of Benzoxazoles and Benzimidazoles from Carboxylic Acids. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.