gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Knudsen number effects on the nonlinear acoustic spectral energy cascade (2020)

We present a numerical investigation of the effects of gas rarefaction on the energy dynamics of resonating planar nonlinear acoustic waves. The problem setup is a gas-filled, adiabatic tube, excited from one end by a piston oscillating at the fundamental resonant frequency of the tube and closed at the other end; nonlinear wave steepening occurs until a limit cycle is reached, resulting in shock formation for sufficiently high densities. The Knudsen number, defined here as the ratio of the characteristic molecular collision timescale to the resonance period, is varied in the range Kn=10^{-1}-10^{-5}, from rarefied to dense regime, by changing the base density of the gas. The working fluid is Argon. A numerical solution of the Boltzmann equation, closed with the Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook model, is used to simulate cases for Kn≥0.01. The fully compressible one-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations are used for Kn<0.01 with adaptive mesh refinement to resolve the resonating weak shocks, reaching wave Mach numbers up to 1.01. Nonlinear wave steepening and shock formation are associated with spectral broadening of the acoustic energy in the wavenumber-frequency domain; the latter is defined based on the exact energy corollary for second-order nonlinear acoustics derived by Gupta and Scalo [Phys. Rev. E 98, 033117 (2018)2470-004510.1103/PhysRevE.98.033117], representing the Lyapunov function of the system. At the limit cycle, the acoustic energy spectra exhibit an equilibrium energy cascade with a -2 slope in the inertial range, also observed in freely decaying nonlinear acoustic waves by the same authors. In the present system, energy is introduced externally via a piston at low wavenumbers or frequencies and balanced by thermoviscous dissipation at high wavenumbers or frequencies, responsible for the base temperature increase in the system. The thermoviscous dissipation rate is shown to scale as Kn^{2} for fixed Reynolds number based on the maximum velocity amplitude, i.e., increasing with the degree of flow rarefaction; consistently, the smallest length scale of the steepened waves at the limit cycle, corresponding to the thickness of the shock (when present) also increases with Kn. For a given fixed piston velocity amplitude, the bandwidth of the inertial range of the spectral energy cascade decreases with increasing Knudsen numbers, resulting in a reduced resonant response of the system. By exploiting dimensionless scaling laws borrowed by Kolmogorov's theory of hydrodynamic turbulence, it is shown that an inertial range for spectral energy transfer can be expected for acoustic Reynolds numbers Re_{U_{max}}>100, based on the maximum acoustic velocity amplitude in the domain.
Flexible and scalable storage management for data-intensive stream processing (2009)

Data Stream Management Systems (DSMS) operate under strict performance requirements. Key to meeting such requirements is to efficiently handle time-critical tasks such as managing internal states of continuous query operators, traffic on the queues between operators, as well as providing storage support for shared computation and archived data. In this paper, we introduce a general purpose storage management framework for DSMSs that performs these tasks based on a clean, loosely-coupled, and flexible system design that also facilitates performance optimization. An important contribution of the framework is that, in analogy to buffer management techniques in relational database systems, it uses information about the access patterns of streaming applications to tune and customize the performance of the storage manager. In the paper, we first analyze typical application requirements at different granularities in order to identify important tunable parameters and their corresponding values. Based on these parameters, we define a general-purpose storage management interface. Using the interface, a developer can use our SMS (Storage Manager for Streams) to generate a customized storage manager for streaming applications. We explore the performance and potential of SMS through a set of experiments using the Linear Road benchmark.
Effect of Diagnostic Biopsy Practice Location on Grade/Volume Reclassification in Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer: A Multicenter Analysis from the Canary PASS Cohort (2021)

In this evaluation of a large multicenter active surveillance cohort, diagnostic biopsy location was not associated with significant differences in grade/volume reclassification on confirmatory biopsy at academic institutions.
TRANSVALVULAR INTRA-AORTIC VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE ACHIEVES FUNCTIONAL CARDIAC IMPROVEMENT IN COMPUTER HEART FAILURE MODEL (2005)

Background: The field of heart failure has recently witnessed a large growth in the development of ventricular assist devices (VADs). We seek to determine the impact of transvalvular intra-aortic axial flow pumps (TVAFPs) on ventricular performance in the settings of both acute heart failure/cardiogenic shock (AHF) and chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods: The Heart Simulator (http://www.columbia.edu/ccnmtl/draft/heart/CatheterVAD/) is a computer program that uses well established models of ventricular function and generates real-time pressure-volume (PV) loops, arterial tracings, and hemodynamic values. A TVAFP was modeled using pump flow characteristics from Impella CardioSystems AG. TVAFP flow ranged from 0–4 L/min. AHF and CHF models were established and PV loops were obtained at baseline and after TVAFP activation. The impact of TVAFP on cardiac output (CO), stroke work (SW), and myocardial perfusion was then determined. Results: In AHF, CO improved from 1.5 to 3.0 L/min and SW decreased from 719 to 200 mmHg × ml. In CHF, CO improved from 2.9 to 3.6 L/min and SW decreased from 3217 to 1545 mmHg × ml. Aortic diastolic pressure was increased in both conditions. Conclusions: In CHF, TVAFP results in cardiac improvement primarily from decreased SW, while in AHF, improvement is achieved primarily by increased CO. Enhanced diastolic pressure leads to increased coronary blood flow. These findings support the applicability of a TVAFP to a broad spectrum of heart failure syndromes.
Adenosine-5'-O-phosphorylated and adenosine-5'-O-phosphorothioylated polyols as strong inhibitors of (symmetrical) and (asymmetrical) dinucleoside tetraphosphatases (2003)

Dinucleoside 5',5"'- P (1), P ( n )-polyphosphates, and particularly the diadenosine compounds, have been implicated in extracellular purinergic signalling and in various intracellular processes, including DNA metabolism, tumour suppression and stress responses. If permitted to accumulate, they may also be toxic. One approach to understanding their function is through the various specific degradative enzymes that regulate their levels. Eight adenosine-5'- O -phosphorylated polyols (derivatives of glycerol, erythritol and pentaerythritol) and 11 adenosine-5'- O -phosphorothioylated polyols (derivatives of glycerol, erythritol, pentaerythritol, butanediol and pentanediol) have been tested as inhibitors of specific diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap(4)A) hydrolases. Of these two groups of novel nucleotides, the adenosine-5'- O -phosphorothioylated polyols were generally stronger inhibitors than their adenosine-5'- O -phosphorylated counterparts. 1,4-Di(adenosine-5'- O -phosphorothio) erythritol appeared to be the strongest inhibitor of ( asymmetrical ) Ap(4)A hydrolases (EC 3.6.1.17) from both lupin and human, with K (i) values of 0.15 microM and 1.5 microM respectively. Of eight adenosine-5'- O -phosphorylated polyols, 1,4-di(adenosine-5'- O -phospho) erythritol was the only compound that inhibited the lupin enzyme. Two derivatives of pentaerythritol, di(adenosine-5'- O -phosphorothio)-di(phosphorothio) pentaerythritol and tri(adenosine-5'- O -phosphorothio)-phosphorothio-pentaerythritol, proved to be the strongest inhibitors of the prokaryotic ( symmetrical ) Ap(4)A hydrolase (EC 3.6.1.41) so far reported. The estimated K (i) values were 0.04 microM and 0.08 microM respectively. All of these inhibitors were competitive with respect to Ap(4)A. These new selectively acting Ap(4)A analogues should prove to be valuable tools for further studies of Ap(4)A function and of the enzymes involved in its metabolism.
Sympathoinhibition Induced by Centrally Administered Atorvastatin Is Associated With Alteration of NAD(P)H and Mn Superoxide Dismutase Activity in Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (2010)

Oxidative stress in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) increases sympathetic nervous system activity (SNA). Oral treatment with atorvastatin decreases SNA through antioxidant effects in the RVLM of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). We aimed to examine whether centrally administered atorvastain reduces SNA in SHRSP and, if so, to determine whether it is associated with the reduction of oxidative stress induced by alteration of activities of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate [NAD(P)H] oxidase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the RVLM of SHRSP. SHRSP received atorvastatin (S-ATOR) or vehicle (S-VEH) by continuous intracerebroventricular infusion for 14 days. Mean blood pressure, heart rate, and SNA were significantly lower in S-ATOR than in S-VEH. Oxidative stress, Rac1 activity, NAD(P)H oxidase activity, Rac1, gp91(phox) and p22(phox) expression in the membrane fraction, and p47(phox) and p40(phox) expression in the cytosolic fraction in the RVLM were significantly lower in S-ATOR than in S-VEH. Rac1 expression in the cytosolic fraction and Mn-SOD activity, however, were significantly higher in S-ATOR than in S-VEH. Our findings suggest that centrally administered atorvastatin decreases SNA and is associated with decreasing NAD(P)H oxidase activity and upregulation of Mn-SOD activity in the RVLM of SHRSP, leading to suppressing oxidative stress.
Demystifying medical aerosols in acute and critical care (2021)

As guest editors of this special series of the Annals of Translational Medicine (ATM), we would like to share with the readers at large the contributions from invited authors who provided their unique and expert perspectives on the important and critical topics of this focus series titled "Medical Aerosols in Acute and Critical Care". This special series was intended to meet a heretofore largely unmet need for clinicians, researchers and drug developers to clarify the special challenges of aerosol administration to patients in the acute and critical care settings. Patients in this environment often have severe airway obstruction, edematous and inflamed airways, distressed breathing patterns and require supplemental oxygen and ventilatory support. These combine to compromise aerosol drug delivery efficiency and distribution and airway response to deposited drug.
Quantifying the Stress Relaxation Modulus of Polymer Thin Films via Thermal Wrinkling (2010)

The viscoelastic properties of polymer thin films can have a significant impact on the performance in many small-scale devices. In this work, we use a phenomenon based on a thermally induced instability, termed thermal wrinkling, to measure viscoelastic properties of polystyrene films as a function of geometric confinement via changes in film thickness. With application of the appropriate buckling mechanics model for incompressible and geometrically confined films, we estimate the stress-relaxation modulus of polystyrene films by measuring the time-evolved wrinkle wavelength at fixed annealing temperatures. Specifically, we use time-temperature superposition to shift the stress relaxation curves and generate a modulus master curve for polystyrene films investigated here. On the basis of this master curve, we are able to identify the rubbery plateau, terminal relaxation time, and viscous flow region as a function of annealing time and temperatures that are well-above its glass transition. Our measurement technique and analysis provide an alternative means to measure viscoelastic properties and relaxation behavior of geometrically confined polymer films.
Tangible interface for collaborative information retrieval (2004)

Most information retrieval (IR) interfaces are designed for a single user working with a dedicated interface. We present a system in which the IR interface has been fully integrated into a collaborative context of discussion or debate relating to the query topic. By using a tangible user interface, we support multiple users interacting simultaneously to refine the query. Integration with more powerful back-end query processing is still in progress, but we have already been able to evaluate the prototype interface in a real context of use, and confirmed that it can improve relevance rankings compared to single-user dedicated search engines such as Google.
Local delivery of soluble platelet collagen receptor glycoprotein VI inhibits thrombus formation in vivo (2006)

Platelet-mediated thrombus formation at the site of vascular injury is a major trigger for thrombo-ischemic complications after coronary interventions. The platelet collagen receptor glycoprotein VI (GPVI) plays a critical role in the initiation of arterial thrombus formation. Endothelial denudation of the right carotid artery in rabbits was induced through balloon injury. Subsequently, local delivery of soluble, dimeric fusion protein of GPVI (GPVI-Fc) (n = 7) or control Fc (n = 7) at the site of vascular injury was performed with a modified double-balloon drug-delivery catheter. Thrombus area within the injured carotid artery was quantified using a computer-assisted image analysis and was used as index of thrombus formation. The extent of thrombus formation was significantly reduced in GPVI-Fc- compared with control Fc-treated carotid arteries (relative thrombus area, GPVI-Fc vs. Fc: 9.3 +/- 4.2 vs. 2.3 +/- 1.7, p < 0.001). Local delivery of soluble GPVI resulted in reduced thrombus formation after catheter-induced vascular injury. These data suggest a selective pharmacological modulation of GPVI-collagen interactions to be important for controlling onset and progression of pathological arterial thrombosis, predominantly or even exclusively at sites of injured carotid arteries in the absence of systemic platelet therapy.
Compound Semiconductors (2013)

Abstract The present issue of physica status solidi contains papers presented at the 39th International Symposium on Compound Semiconductors (ISCS 2012) held in Santa Barbara on the UCSB campus, August 27–30, 2012. ISCS 2012 was colocated with the 24th International Conference on Indium Phosphide and Related Materials (IPRM 2012) during Compound Semiconductor Week (CSW 2012). CSW 2012 was kicked‐off with a joint plenary session. The four distinguished plenary speakers and the titles of their talks were William Deal, THz Integrated Circuits ; John Geisz, III–V Semiconductors for High‐efficiency Multijunction Photovoltaics ; Andrew Shields, Semiconductor Devices for Quantum Information Applications ; Marc A. Taubenblatt, Optical Interconnects for Computer‐com . The opening session was followed by invited talks, contributed oral presentations, and poster presentations in both ISCS and IPRM. Also included in the technical program were two short courses and a rump session organized by IPRM. The week also included an awards session, an excursion to downtown Santa Barbara with wine tasting and the conference barbeque on Goleta beach. We extend our sincere thanks and appreciation to members of the Program Committees for their tireless efforts in assembling a high quality technical program and to members of the International Steering Committees and the UCSB Committee on Local Arrangements for their help. We also thank the exhibitors for their participation and support and gratefully acknowledge the support provided by the Office of Naval Research. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Supplementary Figures S1-S19 from A Melanoma Cell State Distinction Influences Sensitivity to MAPK Pathway Inhibitors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file 615K, This file contains a series of additional experiments and analyses related to Main Figures 1-5, including more extensive transcript/drug sensitivity correlations, mRNA-expression validation experiments,IHC controls, confirmation of drug sensitivity predictions and perturbation experiments&lt;/p&gt;
Supplementary Data: Figures S1-S6 and Tables S1-S6 from Inferred Immune-Cell Activity Is an Independent Predictor of HER2-Negative Breast Cancer Prognosis and Response to Paclitaxel-Based Therapy in the GeparSepto Trial (2023)

&lt;p&gt;G7 trial design; demographics; tissue types; gene names; displayed data from additional analyses; statistical data&lt;/p&gt;
Functional Characterisation of Anticancer Activity in the Aqueous Extract of Helicteres angustifolia L. Roots (2016)

Helicteres angustifolia L. is a shrub that forms a common ingredient of several cancer treatment recipes in traditional medicine system both in China and Laos. In order to investigate molecular mechanisms of its anticancer activity, we prepared aqueous extract of Helicteres angustifolia L. Roots (AQHAR) and performed several in vitro assays using human normal fibroblasts (TIG-3) and osteosarcoma (U2OS). We found that AQHAR caused growth arrest/apoptosis of U2OS cells in a dose-dependent manner. It showed no cytotoxicity to TIG-3 cells at doses up to 50 μg/ml. Biochemical, imaging and cell cycle analyses revealed that it induces ROS signaling and DNA damage response selectively in cancer cells. The latter showed upregulation of p53, p21 and downregulation of Cyclin B1 and phospho-Rb. Furthermore, AQHAR-induced apoptosis was mediated by increase in pro-apoptotic proteins including cleaved PARP, caspases and Bax. Anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 showed decrease in AQHAR-treated U2OS cells. In vivo xenograft tumor assays in nude mice revealed dose-dependent suppression of tumor growth and lung metastasis with no toxicity to the animals suggesting that AQHAR could be a potent and safe natural drug for cancer treatment.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Catalytic Transformations Involving β‐Silyl‐Substituted (η3‐Allyl)palladium Complexes: An Efficient Route to Functionalized Allylsilanes. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A lightweight biometric signature scheme for user authentication over networks (2008)

We introduce a lightweight biometric solution for user authentication over networks using online handwritten signatures. The algorithm proposed is based on a modified Hausdorff distance and has favorable characteristics such as low computational cost and minimal training requirements. Furthermore, we investigate an information theoretic model for capacity and performance analysis for biometric authentication which brings additional theoretical insights to the problem. A fully functional proof-of-concept prototype that relies on commonly available off-the-shelf hardware is developed as a client-server system that supports Web services. Initial experimental results show that the algorithm performs well despite its low computational requirements and is resilient against over-the-shoulder attacks.
Recent developments concerning the application of the Mannich reaction for drug design (2017)

The versatile multicomponent Mannich reaction occupies a salient position in organic chemistry and drug design. Sound knowledge of its scope and variations and of the biological activities of Mannich bases is crucial for the development and improvement of drugs for various diseases. Areas covered: The following article provides an overview of the latest developments in the field of drugs based on the Mannich reaction. Web-based literature searching tools such as PubMed and SciFinder were applied to obtain useful articles. In addition, pertinent literature that was recently published by the authors is discussed in this manuscript. The chemical structures of bioactive Mannich bases are also given. Expert opinion: The Mannich reaction represents a feasible and cost-effective procedure with great potential for drug development. Several newly discovered Mannich bases exhibit sound activities against various human diseases as well as favorable pharmacokinetics. Thus, scientific research about Mannich bases is prospering and appears very attractive both for chemists and for clinicians.
Indications and Outcomes for Microfracture as an Adjunct to Hip Arthroscopy for Treatment of Chondral Defects in Patients With Femoroacetabular Impingement: A Systematic Review (2015)

Level IV, systematic review of Level II, III, and IV studies.
INACTIVATION KINETICS OFSALMONELLA DUBLINBY PULSED ELECTRIC FIELD (1997)

ABSTRACT Microbial inactivation kinetic models are needed to predict treatment dosage in food pasteurization processes. In this study, we determined inactivation kinetic models of Salmonella dublin in skim milk with a co‐field flow high voltage pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment system. Electric field strength of 15–40 kV/cm, treatment time of 12–127 μs, medium temperatures of 10–50C were tested. A new inactivation kinetic model that combines the effect of treatment time to electric field strength or medium temperature was developed.
Quadrotor Motion Planning in Stochastic Wind Fields (2023)

In this paper, we propose a motion planner for quadrotors in windy environments. We extend a well-known convex polynomial optimization (CPO) method to incorporate known stochastic input uncertainties. In particular, we focus on a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), and propose a new objective for direct minimization of the squared ${{{\mathcal{L}}}_2}$-norm of the UAV thrust, $\left\| f \right\|_{{{{\mathcal{L}}}_2}}^2$. We show that the first two moments of $\left\| f \right\|_{{{{\mathcal{L}}}_2}}^2$ are convex in the optimization variables of the CPO problem, and can be minimized directly. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a constrained CPO approach can be used in this setting, contrary to the more popular unconstrained approaches. We provide examples demonstrating: (i) that inclusion of wind can yield significant improvements in the considered cost; (ii) that re-planning of complex paths at can be done at rates exceeding 100 Hz; and (iii) that the proposed method facilitates online re-planning leveraging wind in free-space defined as the union of convex sets.
Neisseria meningitidis Lacking the Major Porins PorA and PorB Is Viable and Modulates Apoptosis and the Oxidative Burst of Neutrophils (2015)

The bacterial pathogen Neisseria meningitidis expresses two major outer-membrane porins. PorA expression is subject to phase-variation (high frequency, random, on-off switching), and both PorA and PorB are antigenically variable between strains. PorA expression is variable and not correlated with meningococcal colonisation or invasive disease, whereas all naturally-occurring strains express PorB suggesting strong selection for expression. We have generated N. meningitidis strains lacking expression of both major porins, demonstrating that they are dispensable for bacterial growth in vitro. The porAB mutant strain has an exponential growth rate similar to the parental strain, as do the single porA or porB mutants, but the porAB mutant strain does not reach the same cell density in stationary phase. Proteomic analysis suggests that the double mutant strain exhibits compensatory expression changes in proteins associated with cellular redox state, energy/nutrient metabolism, and membrane stability. On solid media, there is obvious growth impairment that is rescued by addition of blood or serum from mammalian species, particularly heme. These porin mutants are not impaired in their capacity to inhibit both staurosporine-induced apoptosis and a phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced oxidative burst in human neutrophils suggesting that the porins are not the only bacterial factors that can modulate these processes in host cells.