gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The bunkbed conjecture holds in the $p\uparrow 1$ limit (2021)

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a countable graph. The Bunkbed graph of $G$ is the product graph $G \times K_2$, which has vertex set $V\times \{0,1\}$ with "horizontal'' edges inherited from $G$ and additional "vertical'' edges connecting $(w,0)$ and $(w,1)$ for each $w \in V$. Kasteleyn's bunkbed conjecture states that for each $u,v \in V$ and $p\in [0,1]$, the vertex $(u,0)$ is at least as likely to be connected to $(v,0)$ as to $(v,1)$ under Bernoulli-$p$ bond percolation on the bunkbed graph. We prove that the conjecture holds in the $p \uparrow 1$ limit in the sense that for each finite graph $G$ there exists $\varepsilon(G)&gt;0$ such that the bunkbed conjecture holds for $p \geqslant 1-\varepsilon(G)$.
Individual QoS versus aggregate QoS: a loss performance study (2003)

This paper explores, primarily by means of analysis, the differences that can exist between individual and aggregate loss guarantees in an environment where guarantees are only provided at an aggregate level. The focus is on understanding which traffic parameters are responsible for inducing possible deviations and to what extent. In addition, we seek to evaluate the level of additional resources, e.g., bandwidth or buffer, required to ensure that all individual loss measures remain below their desired target. The paper's contributions are in developing analytical models that enable the evaluation of individual loss probabilities in settings where only aggregate losses are controlled, and in identifying traffic parameters that play a dominant role in causing differences between individual and aggregate losses. The latter allows the construction of guidelines identifying what kind of traffic can be safely multiplexed into a common service class.
Erratum: ‘‘Electron wave optics in semiconductors’’ [J. Appl. Phys. 6 5, 814 (1989)] (1989)

Owing to an editorial error, two sentences were incorrectly worded.On page 814, the last sentence of the second paragraph in the left-hand column should read:"These structures have potential use as high-energy injectors for electroluminescent devices,8.9photodetectors,8.W and fast ballistic transistors. 8"The first sentence of the third paragraph in the left-hand column should read: "Other applications of supedattice devices exploit the presence of minibands and forbidden energy bands at carrier energies above the barrier heights in order to produce negative differential resistance effects 11.12 or act as potential barriers.13 " 4461
Research on Control Model of Precision Feeding System for Pigs Based on Fuzzy Algorithm (2013)

There is a certain hysteresis between blanking quantity and time for the precision feeding system, that has adverse effects on blanking accuracy. In order to improve the blanking accuracy, this paper proposes to use fuzzy intelligent control algorithm to establish the standard fuzzy control model based on Mamdani according to the precision feeding characteristics, then the blanking accuracy can be further improved. The input variable, output variable and their actual universe of the fuzzy control model were determined according to the blanking error range of the precision feeding system, then the fuzzy language set of each variable was given, and the fuzzy control rules were obtained by relevant standards, expert experience and test data for pigs feeding. At last, the fuzzy control model was established for the pigs’ precision feeding system, meanwhile the theoretical base is offered to intelligent control on precision feeding for pigs in engineering realizing.
Multicohort Analysis Identifies Monocyte Gene Signatures to Accurately Monitor Subset-Specific Changes in Human Diseases (2021)

Monocytes are crucial regulators of inflammation, and are characterized by three distinct subsets in humans, of which classical and non-classical are the most abundant. Different subsets carry out different functions and have been previously associated with multiple inflammatory conditions. Dissecting the contribution of different monocyte subsets to disease is currently limited by samples and cohorts, often resulting in underpowered studies and poor reproducibility. Publicly available transcriptome profiles provide an alternative source of data characterized by high statistical power and real-world heterogeneity. However, most transcriptome datasets profile bulk blood or tissue samples, requiring the use of <i>in silico</i> approaches to quantify changes in cell levels. Here, we integrated 853 publicly available microarray expression profiles of sorted human monocyte subsets from 45 independent studies to identify robust and parsimonious gene expression signatures, consisting of 10 genes specific to each subset. These signatures maintain their accuracy regardless of disease state in an independent cohort profiled by RNA-sequencing and are specific to their respective subset when compared to other immune cells from both myeloid and lymphoid lineages profiled across 6160 transcriptome profiles. Consequently, we show that these signatures can be used to quantify changes in monocyte subsets levels in expression profiles from patients in clinical trials. Finally, we show that proteins encoded by our signature genes can be used in cytometry-based assays to specifically sort monocyte subsets. Our results demonstrate the robustness, versatility, and utility of our computational approach and provide a framework for the discovery of new cellular markers.
Spectral encoding and decoding of 10 Gbit/s femtosecondpulses using high resolution arrayed-waveguide grating (1999)

A 10 Gbit/s, 810 fs, return-to-zero signal is spectrally encoded, transmitted over a 40 km dispersion shifted fibre, and decoded using a photonic spectral encoder and decoder pair that uses high resolution arrayed-waveguide gratings and phase filters. A 255 bit binary phase code with the maximum length sequence is used for spectral coding.
A zinc/air fuel cell for electric vehicles (1999)

The authors are conducting tests of an advanced zinc/air fuel cell design to determine effectiveness in various commercial applications. Their 322-cm/sup 2/ cell uses gravity-fed zinc pellets as the anode, 12 M KOH electrolyte, and an air cathode catalyzed by a cobalt-porphyrin complex on carbon black. A single 322 cm/sup 2/ cell runs at a standard operating power of 38 W (1200 W/m/sup 2/) at 39 A (1245 A/m/sup 2/) and 0.96 V with a power density of 2400 W/m/sup 2/ at 0.67 V. With improved current collection hardware, already demonstrated in the laboratory, power generation increases to /spl sim/3600 W/m/sup 2/ at 1 V. They conducted a 50-hour test in which a cell generated 587 Ah and 569 Wh. The power that may be generated increases by a factor of 2.5 between T=28/spl deg/C and 52/spl deg/C. Electrolyte capacity, without stabilization additives, was measured at 147 Ah/L.
Expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor family in tumor dissemination and disease free survival in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (2005)

4538 Background: The Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) family includes distinct pathways to signal either angiogenesis or lymphangiogenesis. We evaluated the ability of protein expression of the VEGF family to predict the pattern of spread and disease free survival in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Methods: A tissue microarray was constructed from paraffin-embedded clear cell (n=340) RCC specimens from patients treated with nephrectomy. Immunohistochemistry was performed with antibodies directed against VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3. The percentage of tumor cells expressing each marker was scored in 3 locations and averaged. Expression of the receptors was also scored in tumor associated endothelium. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the ability of a marker to predict lymphatic or hematogenous metastases. Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to evaluate the association of each marker with disease-specific survival. Multivariate analysis included TNM stage, Fuhrman grade, and ECOG performance status. Results: Univariate predictors of hematogenous spread to distant metastases included VEGFR-1 (P=0.006) and VEGFR-2 (P=0.02). Neither marker remained significant in multivariate analysis. VEGF-A (P=0.009), VEGFR-1 (P=0.006) and low endothelial expression of VEGFR-3 (P=0.0003) were univariate predictors of lymph node involvement. Low VEGFR-3 expression remained independently significant in multivariate analysis (P=0.01). Univariate predictors of disease free survival included VEGF-A (P=0.0004), VEGFR-1 (P<0.0001), VEGFR-2 (P=0.01), and VEGFR-3 in tumor associated endothelium (P=0.008). VEGFR-3 remained an independent predictor of survival in multivariate analysis (P=0.02). Conclusions: Decreasing expression of VEGFR-3, thought to play a role in tumor escape to the lymphatic system, is an independent predictor of both nodal metastases and poor disease free survival. The relative expression of the VEGF mediated angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis pathways offers a molecular explanation for the pattern of spread of clear cell RCC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Pattern formation in lichen (2001)

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2001.
<title>Design of CPC-like reflectors within the simultaneous multiple-surface design method</title> (1997)

The design of non-sequential mirrors within the Simultaneous Multiple Surface design method of nonimaging concentrators is presented. The formulation of the edge ray theorem for this problem is stated, which defines the rays to be considered in the design. As a result three new nonimaging concentrators are developed, which work efficiently and close to the thermodynamic limit of concentration in two dimensions.
N2 Adsorption in an Internal Nanopore Space of Single-Walled Carbon Nanohorn:  GCMC Simulation and Experiment (2001)

N2 adsorption in the internal nanospace and on the external suface of the single SWNH particle is studied by grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation and is compared with the experimental result. The detailed comparison of the simulated adsorption isotherm with the experimental isotherm in the internal nanospaces provides 2.9 nm of the average pore width of the internal nanospaces.
The Accuracy of Finger Tension for Estimating Intraocular Pressure After Penetrating Keratoplasty (1998)

The authors' results suggest that for some patients, and for some surgeons, the FT or digital method of IOP estimation remains useful for detecting elevated IOP early after corneal transplantation if the proper technique is used and substantial lid edema and patient discomfort are absent.
Separation and identification of porphyrin biomarkers from a heavy crude oil Zaap-1 offshore well, Sonda de Campeche, México (2014)

The task to isolate metalloporphyrin compounds from crude oils is difficult, especially from reservoirs; the existence of well-known complexes homologous series type etioporphyrin (E), deoxophyloerythroetioporphyrin (DPEP), tetrahydrobenzodeoxoerythroetioporpyrin (THBD), benzoetio- porphyrin(BE) and benzodeoxoerythroetioporphyrin (BD) of vanadyl and nickel porphyrins, compounds found in crude oils around the world makes it hard. This includes natural porphyrins found in Mexican crude oils such as Ixtal-101, Zaap-1 and Ceh-1 from Sonda de Campeche, México, were the vanadyl porphyrins mixtures of the main series Etio and DPEP have also been reported elsewhere [14]. The objective of this investigation was to isolate porphyrins isomers from a single heavy crude oil from the Sonda de Campeche area, in México, and is based on the modified reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method (RP-HPLC) [9, 11, 12]. Forty vanadyl porphyrin isomers, such as nickel porphyrin complexes were successfully isolated for the first time from heavy crude oil Zaap-1, through an exhaustive work which included a process of demetallization of vanadyl porphyrins to transmetallization to nickel porphyrins, in agreement with other methods [9, 11, 12, 14]. Further purification was achieved by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) with small glass chromatographic columns, packed with silica gel; then the purified isomers were analyzed and identified by electron impact mass spectrometry (EI-MS), providing the following results: from the Etio series seven isomers C 27 E , C 28 E , C 29 E , C 30 E , C 31 E , C 32 E , C 33 E were identified. From DPEP series six isomers C 29 D , C 30 D , C 31 D , C 32 D , C 33 D , C 34 D were identified; from the BD series it was identified only 1 isomer of vanadyl from BD.
Wnt inhibitory factor 1 suppresses cancer stemness and induces cellular senescence (2014)

Hyperactivation of the Wingless-type (Wnt)/β-catenin pathway promotes tumor initiation, tumor growth and metastasis in various tissues. Although there is evidence for the involvement of Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation in salivary gland tumors, the precise mechanisms are unknown. Here we report for the first time that downregulation of the Wnt inhibitory factor 1 (WIF1) is a widespread event in salivary gland carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma (CaExPA). We also show that WIF1 downregulation occurs in the CaExPA precursor lesion pleomorphic adenoma (PA) and indicates a higher risk of progression from benign to malignant tumor. Our results demonstrate that diverse mechanisms including WIF1 promoter hypermethylation and loss of heterozygosity contribute to WIF1 downregulation in human salivary gland tumors. In accordance with a crucial role in suppressing salivary gland tumor progression, WIF1 re-expression in salivary gland tumor cells inhibited cell proliferation, induced more differentiated phenotype and promoted cellular senescence, possibly through upregulation of tumor-suppressor genes, such as p53 and p21. Most importantly, WIF1 significantly diminished the number of salivary gland cancer stem cells and the anchorage-independent cell growth. Consistent with this observation, WIF1 caused a reduction in the expression of pluripotency and stemness markers (OCT4 and c-MYC), as well as adult stem cell self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation markers, such as WNT3A, TCF4, c-KIT and MYB. Furthermore, WIF1 significantly increased the expression of microRNAs pri-let-7a and pri-miR-200c, negative regulators of stemness and cancer progression. In addition, we show that WIF1 functions as a positive regulator of miR-200c, leading to downregulation of BMI1, ZEB1 and ZEB2, with a consequent increase in downstream targets such as E-cadherin. Our study emphasizes the prognostic and therapeutic potential of WIF1 in human salivary gland CaExPA. Moreover, our findings demonstrate a novel mechanism by which WIF1 regulates cancer stemness and senescence, which might have major implications in the field of cancer biology.
Acoustic fatigue life prediction for nonlinear structures with multiple resonant modes (1990)

This report documents an effort to develop practical and accurate methods for estimating the fatigue lives of complex aerospace structures subjected to intense random excitations. The emphasis of the current program is to construct analytical schemes for performing fatigue life estimates for structures that exhibit nonlinear vibration behavior and that have numerous resonant modes contributing to the response.
Patient voluntarily delays call to emergency medical system for ST-elevation myocardial infarction during COVID-19 pandemic (2021)

Patients delay the call to EMS despite symptoms of myocardial infarction during the COVID-19 pandemic also in a region with a relatively low incidence of COVID-19.
Cysteine String Protein (CSP) Inhibition of N-type Calcium Channels Is Blocked by Mutant Huntingtin (2003)

Cysteine string protein (CSP), a 34-kDa molecular chaperone, is expressed on synaptic vesicles in neurons and on secretory vesicles in endocrine, neuroendocrine, and exocrine cells. CSP can be found in a complex with two other chaperones, the heat shock cognate protein Hsc70, and small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat domain protein (SGT). CSP function is vital in synaptic transmission; however, the precise nature of its role remains controversial. We have previously reported interactions of CSP with both heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) and N-type calcium channels. These associations give rise to a tonic G protein inhibition of the channels. Here we have examined the effects of huntingtin fragments (exon 1) with (huntingtin(exon1/exp)) and without (huntingtin(exon1/nonexp)) expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) tracts on the CSP chaperone system. In vitro huntingtin(exon1/exp) sequestered CSP and blocked the association of CSP with G proteins. In contrast, huntingtin(exon1/nonexp) did not interact with CSP and did not alter the CSP/G protein association. Similarly, co-expression of huntingtin(exon1/exp) with CSP and N-type calcium channels eliminated CSP's tonic G protein inhibition of the channels, while coexpression of huntingtin(exon1/nonexp) did not alter the robust inhibition promoted by CSP. These results indicate that CSP's modulation of G protein inhibition of calcium channel activity is blocked in the presence of a huntingtin fragment with expanded polyglutamine tracts.
Identification of cancer/testis genes by database mining and mRNA expression analysis (2002)

Cancer/testis (CT) antigens are immunogenic proteins expressed predominantly in gametogenic tissue and cancer; they are considered promising target molecules for cancer vaccines. The identification of new CT genes is essential to the development of polyvalent cancer vaccines designed to overcome tumor heterogeneity and antigen loss. In the current study, a search for new CT genes was conducted by mining the Unigene database for gene clusters that contain expressed sequence tags derived solely from both normal testis and tumor-derived cDNA libraries. This search identified 1,325 different cancer/testis-associated Unigene clusters. The mRNA expression pattern of 73 cancer/testis-associated Unigene clusters was assessed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Three gene products, CT15/Hs.177959, CT16/Hs.245431 and CT17/Hs.178062, were detected only in testis and in tumor tissue. CT15 is equivalent to ADAM2/fertilin-beta. CT16, an uncharacterized gene product, has homology (30-50%) to members of the GAGE gene family and is 89% identical to CT16.2/Hs.293317, indicating that CT16 and CT16.2 are members of a new GAGE gene family. The uncharacterized gene product, CT17, has homology (30%) to phospholipase A1. RT-PCR analysis showed that CT15 is expressed exclusively in renal cancer, whereas CT16 and CT17 are expressed in a range of human cancers. Real-time RT-PCR analysis of newly defined CT genes and the prototype CT antigens, MAGE-3 and NY-ESO-1, revealed low levels (less than 3% of the level detected in testis) of CT15, CT16 and NY-ESO-1 in a limited range of normal, non-gametogenic tissues. This study demonstrates the merits of database mining with respect to the identification of tissue-restricted gene products expressed in cancer.
Particle Proximity Effect in Nanoparticle Electrocatalysis: Surface Charging and Electrostatic Interactions (2017)

Understanding the structure–activity relation of nanostructured electrocatalysts is crucial for advances in emerging electrochemical energy systems, most prominently polymer electrolyte fuel cells and electrolyzers. In this realm, the surface-specific activity of platinum is a peculiar function of particle size and interparticle spacing. Previous attempts to rationalize the particle size and proximity effects focused on geometric and electronic factors and they largely ignored the role of the support. The present study focuses on a consistent treatment of electrostatic reaction conditions around Pt nanoparticles, taking into consideration the specific surface charging properties of Pt and the support material. The model reveals a double-layer overlap regime in which the surface-specific activity is significantly enhanced by decreasing the interparticle spacing. Relevance of the model in explaining the particle proximity effect is demonstrated.
An Augmented Fixation Method for Distal Fibular Fractures in Elderly Patients: A Biomechanical Evaluation (2004)

This biomechanical investigation compared two fixation techniques for distal fibular fractures. Elderly cadaver lower extremities with simulated fibula fractures underwent fixation either with a plate and intramedullary Kirschner wires (K-wires) with or without the addition of three screws inserted through the four cortices of the fibula and the tibia. The specimens were axially loaded to body weight on a materials testing machine, and the supinated foot was externally rotated to failure. Displacement at the fracture site was monitored with an extensometer. Comparing the augmented technique with the technique without additional screws, mean stiffness was 460 +/- 100 and 320 +/- 200 N-mm/deg, strength at failure was 31 +/- 10 and 19 +/- 7 N-m, strength at 30 degrees external rotation was 15 +/- 5 and 10 +/- 6 N-m, and axial deformation was 0.04 +/- 0.06 mm and 0.10 +/- 0.04 mm, respectively. All differences were statistically significant.