gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A method for coupled solutions of electric, magnetic and mechanical systems in dynamic simulation of PM synchronous machines (1993)

The authors describe an algorithm for the solution of the coupled electric, magnetic and mechanical problems in the dynamic simulation of elecrical machines. The method is presented in detail for the PM synchronous machines. The numerical solution of this coupled problem is carried out by simultaneously solving the electric circuit equations at different operation stages of the power electronics control circuit, the FEM equations in modelling the magnetic field and the equation of motion of the armature. Since both the electric and magnetic systems are nonlinear an iterative procedure is employed at each time step in order to achieve the convergence. The convergence is obtained when the continuity of the current in the electric circuit and the FE model is accepted. The torque of the machine is calculated using the Maxwell stress tensor and afterwards the equation of motion is integrated to obtain the mechanical response. The response of the motor drive for speed reference changes are considered.
PHASE CHANGE CHARACTERISTICS OF ENERGETIC SOLID FUELS IN TURBULENT REACTING FLOWS (1997)

New hydrocarbon fuels with high–energy density content can substantially advance high–thrust, high–temperature, and reduced–size combustion technology. The present work investigates the phase change dynamics of the PCU alkene dirtier, a newly synthesized high-energy density hydrocarbon fuel, in turbulent reacting flows. The shape, location, and velocity of the propellant–gas interface is treated explicitly. A Lagrangian moving grid technique in conjunction with an established body–fitted field equation solver is developed. Owing to the complex flow structure and uneven heat flux distribution along the propellant surface, the interface experiences nonuniform regression between the front and the rear ends. Consistent with experimental observations, the thermal characteristics near the solid-gas interface vary in space and time. The present computational capacity can advance our understanding of phase change, thermal decomposition, and subsequent mixing and burning dynamics of the energetic fuel.
Room Temperature Palladium-Catalyzed Cross Coupling of Aryltrimethylammonium Triflates with Aryl Grignard Reagents (2010)

Aryltrimethylammonium triflates and tetrafluoroborates were found to be highly reactive electrophiles in the Pd-catalyzed cross coupling with aryl Grignard reagents. The coupling reactions proceed at ambient temperature with a nearly stoichiometric quantity of Grignard reagent, and diverse functionality is tolerated. Competition experiments established the reactivity of PhNMe(3)OTf relative to PhCl, PhBr, PhI, and PhOTf.
Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology (2000)

Abstract Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology covers the recent progress in understanding the biological roles of carbohydrates and includes basic knowledge of carbohydrates in mammals. Emphasis is on structure, biosynthesis and function of carbohydrates in development and disease. In particular, biological significance in immune cells, neural cells and cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins are thoroughly described. In addition, Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology updates the knowledge of diseases caused by anomalies of carbohydrate biosynthesis and the animal models used to investigate the physiological roles of carbohydrates including carbohydrates attached to lipids. Various attempts to develop therapeutic agents based on carbohydrates are also described. Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology covers recent developments in a comprehensive yet focused manner and will be of interest to anyone with a basic knowledge of carbohydrates.
A study of Joule heating-induced breakdown of carbon nanotube interconnects (2011)

We investigate breakdown of carbon nanotube (CNT) interconnects induced by Joule heating in air and under high vacuum conditions (10(-5) mbar). A CNT with a diameter of 18 nm, which is grown by chemical vapor deposition to connect opposing titanium nitride (TiN) electrodes, is able to carry an electrical power up to 0.6 mW before breaking down under vacuum, with a corresponding maximum current density up to 8 × 10(7) A cm(-2) (compared to 0.16 mW and 2 × 10(7) A cm(-2) in air). Decoration with electrochemically deposited Ni particles allows protection of the CNT interconnect against oxidation and improvement of the heat release through the surrounding environment. A CNT decorated with Ni particles is able to carry an increased electrical power of about 1.5 mW before breaking down under vacuum, with a corresponding maximum current density as high as 1.2 × 10(8) A cm(-2). The Joule heating produced along the current carrying CNT interconnect is able to melt the Ni particles and promotes the formation of titanium carbon nitride which improves the electrical contact between the CNT and the TiN electrodes.
High Performance Liquid Chromatography of Nucleosides in RNA and DNA (1982)

Abstract Reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography has been developed and used effectively as a research tool for the quantitative analysis of major and modified nucleosides present in RNAs, DNAs, and physiological fluids. Gehrke et al. (5, 6, 24, 28) have shown that RP-HPLC is especially well suited for the analysis of the array of modified nucleosides found in tRNA, as more than forty nucleosides can be resolved and quantitatively determined in a single analysis. Coupled with our rapid, quantitative and straightforward enzymatic hydrolysis protocol, RP-HPLC compositional analyses can be directly performed on microgram quantities of either unfractionated or isoaccepting tRNAs. This method is applicable to the comparison of nucleoside compositions of tRNAs from parental and mutant organisms. In addition, Gehrke and Kuo (31, 33) have developed a highly precise RP-HPLC method for the analysis of the methylated nucleoside present in DNA, 5-methyldeoxycytidine, which has been used in collaborative research to measure differences in the extent of methylation of DNA from a range of cell and tissue types and DNA sequences. The deoxyribonucleoside 3′-and 5′-monophosphates, including pm5dC, are also well resolved by RP-HPLC, and this separation technique should prove of value in studies on sequence methylation in DNA. RP-HPLC analysis preceded by boronate gel selective isolation of ribonucleosides gives an effective technique for the analysis of ribonucleosides in physiological fluids, and a number of publications show that urinary nucleoside levels can serve as useful indicators of neoplastic disease status.
Frequency Stabilized Low Timing Jitter Mode-Locked Laser with an Intracavity Etalon (2007)

A low noise, semiconductor based, frequency stabilized, 10.24 GHz mode-locked laser with a pulse timing jitter and pulse amplitude jitter (1 Hz -100 MHz) of 7.5 fs and 0.04%, respectively, is demonstrated.
Cascaded and resonant SRAM supply boosting for ultra-low voltage cognitive IoT applications (2018)

To enable ultra-low power cognitive IoT systems, we present novel supply boosting techniques allowing low voltage SRAM. These techniques include enhancements at both the device and circuit levels. A new 14nm SOI test chip employing the techniques shows functional 8T SRAM down to 0.24V. We also show how supply boosting can lead to lower voltage operation of cognitive IoT applications using an example of a neural network running the MNIST benchmark.
Recovery of microbial polysaccharides from fermentation broths by microfiltration on ceramic membranes (1999)

This paper investigates the extraction of microbial polymers (polysaccharides) from fermentation broths of Sinorhizobium meliloti M5N1CS using crossflow filtration through ceramic membranes of various pore sizes from 0.1 to 0.8 µm. The duration of fermentation was set at 70 h in order to maximize the production of high molecular weight polysaccharides (average 2 × 105 Da). The 0.1 µm membrane underwent rapid fouling and was found inadequate for this application. For the other membranes, the sieving coefficients decreased from 95% to about 20% in 90 min, at a slower rate than the permeate flux. The largest permeate and mass fluxes were obtained with the 0.5 µm membrane (18.5 × 10−6 m s−1 and 20 × 10−6 gm−2s−1). Increasing the fluid velocity from 3 to 6 m s−1 increased both the permeate flux and sieving coefficients, while raising the transmembrane pressure from 50 kPa to 100 kPa increased the flux slightly but decreased the sieving coefficient. Polysaccharide extraction will be maximized by operating at high velocities and low transmembrane pressure (TMP) which may require cocurrent recirculation of the permeate. Experiments with cell-free solutions showed that the permeate flux is mostly limited by the bacterial layer deposited on the membrane while the presence of cells has a positive effect on the sieving coefficient. Irreversible fouling due to polymer adsorption on the membrane decreased with increasing pore size and velocity but increased strongly with TMP. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry
Genetic Modifiers of Cystic Fibrosis-Related Diabetes Have Extensive Overlap With Type 2 Diabetes and Related Traits (2019)

CFRD and T2D have more etiologic and mechanistic overlap than previously known, aligning along pathways involving β-cell function rather than insulin sensitivity. Two CFRD risk loci are unrelated to T2D and may affect multiple aspects of CF. An 18-variant PRS stratifies risk of CFRD in an independent population.
ChemInform Abstract: Monosubstituted Oxazoles. Part 1. Synthesis of 5‐Substituted Oxazoles by Directed Alkylation. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Information distance from a question to an answer (2007)

We provide three key missing pieces of a general theory of information distance [3, 23, 24]. We take bold steps in formulating a revised theory to avoid some pitfalls in practical applications. The new theory is then used to construct a question answering system. Extensive experiments are conducted to justify the new theory.
A model of the turn-on spread in an optically triggered SiC thyristors (2012)

A model of the turn-on spread has been developed for the axisymmetric configuration characteristic of the optical triggering of power SiC thyristors. Results for plane- and axisymmetric cases are compared. It is shown that the initial stage of the spread, during ? (2?3)?, where ? is the current rise time constant for the thyristor turn-on, is characterized by a relatively low spread velocity, especially in the axisymmetric case. It is demonstrated that, even for a comparatively large thyristor structure, self-similarity conditions are not valid even for the plane case.
Review of SPRACH/Thisl meetings Cambridge UK, 1998sep03/04 (1998)

Overview of the discussions at meetings in Cambridge, UK of two European Union-sponsored speech recognition efforts, the Thematic Indexing of Spoken Language (THISL) project and the Speech Recognition Algorithms for Connectionist Hybrids (SPRACH) project.
The integrated environmental control model (2018)

The capability to estimate the performance and cost of emission control systems is critical to a variety of planning and analysis requirements faced by utilities, regulators, researchers and analysts in the public and private sectors. The computer model described in this paper has been developed for DOe to provide an up-to-date capability for analyzing a variety of pre-combustion, combustion, and post-combustion options in an integrated framework. A unique capability allows performance and costs to be modeled probabilistically, which allows explicit characterization of uncertainties and risks.
Suppression of1/fαnoise in one-qubit systems (2008)

We investigate the generation of quantum operations for one-qubit systems under classical Markovian noise with a $1/{f}^{\ensuremath{\alpha}}$ power spectrum, where $2&gt;\ensuremath{\alpha}&gt;0$. We present an efficient way to approximate the noise with a discrete multistate Markovian fluctuator. With this method, the average temporal evolution of the qubit state operator under $1/{f}^{\ensuremath{\alpha}}$ noise can be feasibly determined from recently derived deterministic master equations. We obtain qubit operations such as quantum memory and the NOT gate to high fidelity by a gradient-based optimization algorithm. For the NOT gate, the computed fidelities are qualitatively similar to those obtained earlier for random telegraph noise. In the case of quantum memory, however, we observe a nonmonotonic dependency of the fidelity on the operation time, yielding a natural access rate of the memory.
Exonic splicing enhancers in fission yeast: functional conservation demonstrates an early evolutionary origin (2004)

Discrete sequence elements known as exonic splicing enhancers (ESEs) have been shown to influence both the efficiency of splicing and the profile of mature mRNAs in multicellular eukaryotes. While the existence of ESEs has not been demonstrated previously in unicellular eukaryotes, the factors known to recognize these elements and mediate their communication with the core splicing machinery are conserved and essential in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Here, we provide evidence that ESE function is conserved through evolution by demonstrating that three exonic splicing enhancers derived from vertebrates (chicken ASLV, mouse IgM, and human cTNT) promote splicing of two distinct S. pombe pre-messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Second, as in extracts from mammalian cells, ESE function in S. pombe is compromised by mutations and increased distance from the 3'-splice site. Third, three-hybrid analyses indicate that the essential SR (serine/arginine-rich) protein Srp2p, but not the dispensable Srp1p, binds specifically to both native and heterologous purine-rich elements; thus, Srp2p is the likely mediator of ESE function in fission yeast. Finally, we have identified five natural purine-rich elements from S. pombe that promote splicing of our reporter pre-mRNAs. Taken together, these results provide strong evidence that the genesis of ESE-mediated splicing occurred early in eukaryotic evolution.
Partial Purification and Characterization of Tryptophan Hydroxylase from Rabbit Hindbrain (1972)

With the use of a rapid, sensitive fluorometric assay, tryptophan hydroxylase from rabbit hindbrain has been partially purified. The enzyme resembles phenylalanine and tyrosine hydroxylases in many respects. For example, the hydroxylation reaction shows an absolute requirement for a tetrahydropterin and is stimulated by reduced pyridine nucleotide, dihydropteridine reductase, and catalase. Fe2+ also stimulates the reaction but only in the absence of catalase; this finding suggests that catalase or Fe2+ protects a sensitive component of the tryptophan hydroxylation system from inactivation by H2O2. Just as with the other pterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylases, the apparent Km of tryptophan hydroxylase for its amino acid substrate and for oxygen are markedly lower in the presence of tetrahydrobiopterin than they are in the presence of the cofactor analogue, dimethyltetrahydropterin. In addition, high concentrations of tryptophan inhibit the reaction in the presence of tetrahydrobiopterin, but not in the presence of the dimethylpterin. The stoichiometry of the reaction catalyzed by tryptophan hydroxylase in the presence of tetrahydrobiopterin has been determined.
<title>Computer-aided synthesis of parallel image processing applications</title> (1999)

We present a tutorial description of the CAP Computer-Aided Parallelization tool. CAP has been designed with the goal of letting the parallel application programmer have the complete control about how his application is parallelized, and at the same time freeing him from the burden of managing explicitly a large number of threads and associated synchronization and communication primitives. The CAP tool, a precompiler generating C++ source code, enables application programmers to specify at a high level of abstraction the set of threads present in the application, the processing operations offered by these threads, and the parallel constructs specifying the flow of data and parameters between operations. A configuration map specifies the mapping between CAP threads and operating system processes, possibly located on different computers. The generated program may run on various parallel configurations without recompilation. We discuss the issues of flow control and load balancing and show the solutions offered by CAP. We also show how CAP can be used to generate relatively complex parallel programs incorporating neighborhood dependent operations. Finally, we briefly describe a real 3D image processing application: the Visible Human Slice Server, its implementation according to the previously defined concepts and its performance.
Interpolation and noise reduction in MIMO-OFDM - a complexity driven perspective (2005)

S.143-146
T2TD: Text-3D Generation Model based on Prior Knowledge Guidance (2023)

In recent years, 3D models have been utilized in many applications, such as auto-driver, 3D reconstruction, VR, and AR. However, the scarcity of 3D model data does not meet its practical demands. Thus, generating high-quality 3D models efficiently from textual descriptions is a promising but challenging way to solve this problem. In this paper, inspired by the ability of human beings to complement visual information details from ambiguous descriptions based on their own experience, we propose a novel text-3D generation model (T2TD), which introduces the related shapes or textual information as the prior knowledge to improve the performance of the 3D generation model. In this process, we first introduce the text-3D knowledge graph to save the relationship between 3D models and textual semantic information, which can provide the related shapes to guide the target 3D model generation. Second, we integrate an effective causal inference model to select useful feature information from these related shapes, which removes the unrelated shape information and only maintains feature information that is strongly relevant to the textual description. Meanwhile, to effectively integrate multi-modal prior knowledge into textual information, we adopt a novel multi-layer transformer structure to progressively fuse related shape and textual information, which can effectively compensate for the lack of structural information in the text and enhance the final performance of the 3D generation model. The final experimental results demonstrate that our approach significantly improves 3D model generation quality and outperforms the SOTA methods on the text2shape datasets.
[Drugs and desperation in different worlds. Abuse of cathinone and methcathinone]. (2009)

De betydande sociala och medicinska riskerna vid missbruk av katinon (tuggning av kat) och metkatinon (intravenos injektion av illegala synteser) har i stort sett inte uppmarksammats i svensk narko ...
Real-time single track location ultrasound elasticity imaging using graphic processing units (2014)

Ultrasound Shearwave Elasticity Imaging (SWEI) is a set of methods for measuring the elastic properties of biological tissues. Since the elastic properties of tissue are known to change with disease state, the application of these methods to clinical staging of disease is an active area of research. However, the fundamental signal generation and processing techniques required to make these elastic property measurements are still being developed. Our technique, Single Track Location Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (STL-ARFI) imaging, was developed to address spatial uncertainties in the tracking of the shearwaves. Yet, to apply the method in a clinical setting, real-time processing is required. In this work, we develop a signal processing package that provides real-time STL-ARFI elastic images using Graphic Processing Units (GPUs). This acceleration is achieved by way of a highly optimized Windowed Normalized Cross-Correlation (WNCC) algorithm achieving over 5000 frames per second of displacement estimation.
Three-dimensional imaging of microstructural evolution in SEM-based nano-CT (2023)

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is a powerful and versatile technique for materials characterization and present in many laboratories. The integration of an X-ray target holder and detector allows expanding the modalities of SEM by X-ray imaging. These little hardware adaptations enable radiography or X-ray computed tomography (CT) to gain three-dimensional (3D) information about a sample to be investigated. Since SEM-based CT is a non-destructive technique, the method can also image time-dependent changes in microstructure. Presented is the ability of SEM-based nano-CT to image the microstructural evolution of an aluminum-germanium (AlGe32) alloy as a result of annealing. First, the non-destructive CT method is used for an overview scan to identify a hidden region of interest (ROI) in the sample volume at low resolution. The following FIB target preparation reveals the microstructure, which is stepwise annealed and investigated with SEM-based nano-CT at high resolution afterwards. The resulting reconstructed volumes gained from the laboratory-based system are visualized in 3D and show the morphology changes of microstructure. Quantitative analysis reveals grain coarsening and the formation of precipitations in the size of 300–1000 nm. These time-dependent processes are additionally correlated with hardness measurements of the Al alloy.
Postharvest Survey of Spring Wheat Fields Initially Assessed for Gene Flow (2010)

ABSTRACT Recent research has addressed the potential for gene flow in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). However, there is scant information on the fate of introgressed genes in the subsequent crop rotation. The objective of this study was to quantify spring wheat volunteers potentially arising from gene flow. A total of 152 wheat fields that had been used to measure gene flow at distances of up to 10 km were surveyed for blue aleurone volunteers for 3 yr postharvest. No blue aleurone seed was detected in samples from the 152 fields surveyed. A single blue aleurone volunteer plant was detected in a pollen donor field subsequently sown to wheat in the third year postharvest. The absence of blue aleurone wheat volunteers in the postharvest crop rotation was not unexpected as only four of the original 152 fields had shown evidence of gene flow. Under the environmental and crop management practices encountered in this study, the risk of a gene flow‐based adventitious event in spring wheat being detected at significant levels in subsequent crops appears low.
BER performance assessment of linearized MIMO transmitters in presence of RF crosstalk (2010)

This paper investigates the effect of nonlinear crosstalk on the overall performance of the MIMO transmitter. It proposes a linearization technique to correct for the effect of crosstalk and hence enhance the BER performance of the MIMO system. Recently it was shown that in the presence of nonlinear crosstalk, the conventional digital predistortion technique is unable to linearize the transmitter, which leads to significant degradation in bit-error-rate of the MIMO system. In this regard, a new digital predistortion method known as crossover digital predistorter (CO-DPD) is developed and implemented. The simulation results show that the CO-DPD model is able to both compensate for the transmitter nonlinearity and achieve BER results close to the ideal MIMO transmitter.