gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Melt-Blown Cross-Linked Fibers from Thermally Reversible Diels–Alder Polymer Networks (2018)

Melt blowing is a process in which liquid polymer is extruded through orifices and then drawn by hot air jets to produce nonwoven fibers with average diameters typically greater than one micron. Melt-blown nonwoven fiber products constitute a significant fraction (i.e., more than 10%) of the $50 billion global nonwovens market. Thermoplastic feedstocks, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, poly(phenylene sulfide), and poly(butylene terephthalate), have dominated melt-blown nonwovens because of their combined cost, good chemical resistance, and high-temperature performance. Cross-linked nonwovens from other commodity polymers (e.g., (meth)acrylates, styrenics, silicones, etc.) could be attractive alternatives; however, no commercial cross-linked nonwovens currently exist. Here, cross-linked fibers were produced via one-step melt blowing of thermoreversible Diels-Alder polymer networks comprised of furan- and maleimide-functional methacrylate-based polymer backbones. These dynamic networks de-cross-link and flow like viscous liquids under melt-blowing conditions and then revert to a network via cooling-induced cross-linking during/after melt blowing. Finally, the resulting cross-linked fibers can be recycled after use because of their reversible dynamic nature, which may help address microfiber waste as a significant source of microplastic pollution.
ESD protection of MR sensors using a dissipative shunt (2012)

Cabled Magnetoresistive sensors (CMODs) can be damaged during manufacturing assembly when the CMOD voltage and the device to which they are connected have voltage differentials below about 25 V. This paper discusses the use of a dissipative shunt built into the CMOD to dissipate potential ESD charges.
Interaction of Halide and Carboxylate Ions with 4,5-Diacetamidoacridine-9(10H)-one:  Thermodynamics of Association and Deprotonation Events (2007)

4,5-Diacetamidoacridine-9(10H)-one was prepared, and its interactions with halide and benzoate anions were studied using a combination of NMR, fluorescence, and isothermal titration calorimetry experiments. Whereas chloride and bromide exhibited simple association, both fluoride and benzoate exhibited initial entropy-driven association followed by an enthalpically favorable deprotonation of the receptor by a second equivalent of the anion.
Experimental Demonstration of Optical Regeneration of DP-BPSK/QPSK Using Polarization-Diversity PSA (2014)

We experimentally investigate a polarization-diversity phase-sensitive amplifier (PSA) for phase regeneration of 25-Gbaud DP-BPSK and DP-QPSK signals and show effective reduction on phase noise in both polarizations. BER measurements and reduced phase noise are achieved for both polarizations.
Polyfunctional Acrylic Non-isocyanate Hydroxyurethanes as Photocurable Thermosets for 3D Printing (2019)

Liquid acrylic oligourethanes are components of photocurable thermoset resins for applications ranging from coatings to 3D printing technologies like stereolithography. Traditionally they are derived from isocyanates which are highly moisture sensitive and do not tolerate hydroxy groups. Herein we report on a versatile non-isocyanate route toward tailoring hydroxyurethane methacrylates (HUMA) and their oligomers for photo cross-linking and 3D printing. The key intermediate is (2-oxo-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl methacrylate, also referred to as methacrylated glycerol carbonate, obtained by the chemical fixation of carbon dioxide with glycidyl methacrylate. Upon aminolysis with di- and polyfunctional aliphatic amines, the ring-opening reaction of the cyclic carbonate group yields HUMA. No handling of isocyanates is required. The HUMA molecular architectures govern photo cure as well as thermal and mechanical properties. An alternative strategy toward molecular design of polyfunctional acrylics exploits chemical modification of the pendant hydroxy groups, e.g., by esterification with methacrylic acid anhydride. The resulting higher acrylate functionality accounts for improving Young’s modulus from 3160 to 4200 MPa and increasing the glass transition temperature from 86 to 173 °C with respect to HUMA-based formulations.
Differential effects of angiotensin II in the nucleus tractus solitarii of the rat – plausible neuronal mechanisms (1999)

1 Cellular mechanisms of the actions of angiotensin II (ANGII) within the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) were studied using rat brain slices in 78 neurones recorded in the whole-cell configuration. Twenty-nine per cent of cells had an on-going activity and with only one exception these cells responded to tractus solitarii (TS) stimulation with a monophasic excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP). In approximately half of the silent cells, TS stimulation evoked an EPSP-inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) complex. 2 The ANGII (200 or 1000 nM) effect on TS-evoked EPSPs depended on the cell subpopulation. In cells with on-going activity, ANGII (1000 nM) increased evoked EPSP amplitude by +70 ± 13% (means ± s.e.m., n= 5) but reduced it (200 and 1000 nM) in silent cells where both evoked EPSPs and IPSPs were present. ANGII either increased TS-evoked IPSP conductances in cells where they were detectable or revealed an evoked IPSP (200 nM ANGII: IPSP conductance increased from 70 ± 29 to 241 ± 34 pS; n= 11). All ANGII effects were prevented by the ANGII type 1 (AT1) receptor blocker losartan. Since 200 nM ANGII did not increase responses to iontophoretically applied GABA, the effect of ANGII on TS-evoked IPSPs may occur presynaptically. 3 The neurokinin type 1 (NK1) receptor antagonist CP-99,994 (5 μM) blocked the ANGII-induced increase in EPSPs but had no effect on TS-evoked IPSP potentiation by ANGII. 4 Thus, ANGII can potentiate both inhibitory and excitatory synaptic transmission within different subpopulations of NTS neurones. Potentiation of evoked EPSPs, but not of IPSPs, involves activation of NK1 receptors. The balance of these actions of ANGII could be reflex specific: for the baroreflex circuitry the inhibitory action might predominate while the peripheral chemoreceptor reflex may be facilitated due to enhanced excitatory transmission.
Preparation of ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts by using atomic layer deposition for plasma-assisted non-oxidative methane coupling (2016)

We prepared a ZnO/mesoporous Al2O3-shell/core structure by using atomic layer deposition (ALD) of ZnO on commercially-available mesoporous Al2O3. We used various analysis techniques such as scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy, and surface area and pore size analyses based on nitrogen isotherm data. A 200 nm-thick slab of mesoporous Al2O3 particles was decorated by ZnO upon ALD deposition, whereas the inner part of the Al2O3 particle was free of ZnO. We evaluated the catalytic activity of the bare and the ZnO-covered Al2O3 for plasma-assisted nonoxidative coupling of methane. The catalytic behavior was shown to be sensitive to the amount of ZnO deposited. Particularly, 40-cycled ZnO/Al2O3 showed an enhanced selectivity to the olefin product with almost the same CH4 conversion as that of bare Al2O3. Preparation of the shell/core structure by using ALD can be an interesting strategy for finding highly-efficient catalysts in a plasma-assisted catalytic reaction.
Multiscale simulation of inelastic creep deformation for geological rocks (2021)

&lt;p&gt;Subsurface geological formations provide giant capacities for large-scale (TWh) storage of renewable energy, once this energy (e.g. from solar and wind power plants) is converted to green gases, e.g. hydrogen. The critical aspects of developing this technology to full-scale will involve estimation of storage capacity, safety, and efficiency of a subsurface formation. Geological formations are often highly heterogeneous and, when utilized for cyclic energy storage, entail complex nonlinear rock deformation physics. In this work, we present a novel computational framework to study rock deformation under cyclic loading, in presence of nonlinear time-dependent creep physics. Both classical and relaxation creep methodologies are employed to analyze the variation of the total strain in the specimen over time. Implicit time-integration scheme is employed to preserve numerical stability, due to the nonlinear process. Once the computational framework is consistently defined using finite element method on the fine scale, a multiscale strategy is developed to represent the nonlinear deformation not only at fine but also coarser scales. This is achieved by developing locally computed finite element basis functions at coarse scale. The developed multiscale method also allows for iterative error reduction to any desired level, after being paired with a fine-scale smoother. Numerical test cases are studied to investigate various aspects of the developed computational workflow, from benchmarking with experiments to analysing the impact of nonlinear deformation for a field-scale relevant environment. Results indicate the applicability of the developed multiscale method in order to employ nonlinear physics in their laboratory-based scale of relevance (i.e., fine scale), yet perform field-relevant simulations. The developed simulator is made publicly available at https://gitlab.tudelft.nl/ADMIRE_Public/mechanics.&lt;/p&gt;
Gradiometric micro-SQUID susceptometer for scanning measurements of mesoscopic samples (2008)

We have fabricated and characterized micro-SQUID susceptometers for use in low-temperature scanning probe microscopy systems. The design features the following: a 4.6 mum diameter pickup loop; an integrated field coil to apply a local field to the sample; an additional counterwound pickup-loop/field-coil pair to cancel the background signal from the applied field in the absence of the sample; modulation coils to allow setting the SQUID at its optimum bias point (independent of the applied field), and shielding and symmetry that minimizes coupling of magnetic fields into the leads and body of the SQUID. We use a SQUID series array preamplifier to obtain a system bandwidth of 1 MHz. The flux noise at 125 mK is approximately 0.25 mu Phi 0/ sqrt Hz above 10 kHz, with a value of 2.5 mu Phi 0/ sqrt Hz at 10 Hz. The nominal sensitivity to electron spins located at the center of the pickup loop is approximately 200 muB/ sqrt Hz above 10 kHz, in the white-noise frequency region.
Presymptomatic diagnosis of von Hippel-Lindau disease with flanking DNA markers. (1992)

Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is a dominantly inherited cancer syndrome characterised by the development of retinal, cerebellar, and spinal haemangioblastomas, renal cell carcinoma, and phaeochromocytoma. The gene for VHL disease has been mapped to chromosome 3p25-p26 and flanking markers identified. We have investigated the usefulness of currently available DNA markers for the presymptomatic diagnosis of VHL disease. In the first part of this investigation, genetic linkage data from two previously published studies were updated and reanalysed to provide accurate estimates of sex specific recombination fractions and to confirm that there is no evidence of locus heterogeneity. In the second part of this study, 14 families containing 23 asymptomatic subjects at 50% prior risk of VHL disease were investigated with closely linked DNA markers (RAF1, D3S18, D3S732). Seventeen subjects were informative with one or more markers, six of whom were informative at markers flanking the VHL disease gene. By combining age related and DNA based risk information the carrier risk for 11 subjects was reduced to < 2%.
Application of counter-selectable marker PIGA in engineering designer deletion cell lines and characterization of CRISPR deletion efficiency (2021)

The CRISPR/Cas9 system is a technology for genome engineering, which has been applied to indel mutations in genes as well as targeted gene deletion and replacement. Here, we describe paired gRNA deletions along the PIGA locus on the human X chromosome ranging from 17 kb to 2 Mb. We found no compelling linear correlation between deletion size and the deletion efficiency, and there is no substantial impact of topologically associating domains on deletion frequency. Using this precise deletion technique, we have engineered a series of designer deletion cell lines, including one with deletions of two X-chromosomal counterselectable (negative selection) markers, PIGA and HPRT1, and additional cell lines bearing each individual deletion. PIGA encodes a component of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor biosynthetic apparatus. The PIGA gene counterselectable marker has unique features, including existing single cell level assays for both function and loss of function of PIGA and the existence of a potent counterselectable agent, proaerolysin, which we use routinely for selection against cells expressing PIGA. These designer cell lines may serve as a general platform with multiple selection markers and may be particularly useful for large scale genome engineering projects such as Genome Project-Write (GP-write).
Impact of cyclosporine and low-dose steroid therapy on insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function in patients with long-term liver grafts (2001)

To examine whether factors controlling glucose tolerance, i.e., insulin sensitivity (SI) and first-(phi1) and second-phase insulin secretion (phi2), are impaired in after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT), they were assesssed in patients that had undergone OLT for cirrhosis (n = 10) with cyclosporin A and low-dose steroid therapy (5 mg prednisone per day) and were compared with those of healthy matched control subjects (n = 10). These factors were determined by means of computer-based analysis of frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests (FSIGTT). Glucose and insulin profiles (posthepatic insulin) did not differ between both groups, whereas C-peptide levels (prehepatic insulin) were elevated in the transplant group after the FSIGTT, indicating an increased hepatic insulin degradation. SI and (phi1 did not differ between both groups. phi2, however, was significantly enhanced (23.94 +/- 2.63 vs 13.88 +/- 1.25 min(-1), P < 0.05). These results indicate that cyclosporine and low-dose steroid therapy do not impair SI and phi1. However, enhanced phi2 compensates the increased hepatic insulin clearance.
Data from Genomics-Driven Precision Medicine for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: Early Results from the COMPASS Trial (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; To perform real-time whole genome sequencing (WGS) and RNA sequencing (RNASeq) of advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) to identify predictive mutational and transcriptional features for better treatment selection.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Patients with advanced PDAC were prospectively recruited prior to first-line combination chemotherapy. Fresh tumor tissue was acquired by image-guided percutaneous core biopsy for WGS and RNASeq. Laser capture microdissection was performed for all cases. Primary endpoint was feasibility to report WGS results prior to first disease assessment CT scan at 8 weeks. The main secondary endpoint was discovery of patient subsets with predictive mutational and transcriptional signatures.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Sixty-three patients underwent a tumor biopsy between December 2015 and June 2017. WGS and RNASeq were successful in 62 (98%) and 60 (95%), respectively. Genomic results were reported at a median of 35 days (range, 19–52 days) from biopsy, meeting the primary feasibility endpoint. Objective responses to first-line chemotherapy were significantly better in patients with the classical PDAC RNA subtype compared with those with the basal-like subtype (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.004). The best progression-free survival was observed in those with classical subtype treated with m-FOLFIRINOX. &lt;i&gt;GATA6&lt;/i&gt; expression in tumor measured by RNA &lt;i&gt;in situ&lt;/i&gt; hybridization was found to be a robust surrogate biomarker for differentiating classical and basal-like PDAC subtypes. Potentially actionable genetic alterations were found in 30% of patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Prospective genomic profiling of advanced PDAC is feasible, and our early data indicate that chemotherapy response differs among patients with different genomic/transcriptomic subtypes. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 24(6); 1344–54. ©2017 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Electron-Bombarded CMOS Image Sensor in Single Photon Imaging Mode (2010)

Solid-state devices utilizing “photonic events amplification” (PEA) are used for low-level light imaging (LLLI) and are exploited in military, scientific, astronomy, surveillance, and other applications. The PEA imagers are more sensitive by a few orders of magnitude than regular CCD cameras and by an order of magnitude than most sensitive scientific LLLI CCD cameras. The Electron-Bombarded CMOS Image Sensor (EB-CMOS-IS) is a novel PEA technology and has just recently become commercially available. The EB-CMOS-IS technology is a best price/performance combination among concurrent technologies such as EBCCD, EMCCD, Intensified CCD, and Intensified CMOS image sensors. Although the EB-CMOS-IS-based applications demonstrate outstanding sensitivity, they are exploited today far from their maximal potential. In this study, we developed a comprehensive model of the EB-CMOS-IS used for simulation of the sensor performance as a function of the device parameters, e.g., photocathode quantum efficiency, acceleration bias, electrons-to-voltage conversion factor, and operation parameters, e.g., amplifier gain, offset, and exposure time. We selected parameters enabling a single photon imaging (SPI) mode and performed imaging simulations for an object under various low-level illumination conditions. We present a method of the EB-CMOS-IS operation in the SPI mode for low-light-level imaging of a stationary object, boosting the sensor sensitivity to a level better than 10 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{- 7}$</tex> </formula> lux.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure of 19‐Methylstrychninium (S)‐(S‐((R)‐1,2‐Di(ethoxycarbonyl) ethyl) O‐Methyl Phosphorodithioate) (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Development of a mask-scan electron beam mask writer (2002)

Mask-scan strategy for writing large complex patterns such as oblique lines and contact holes with assist bar and serif is more effective for decreasing the number of shots than is variable shaped beam (VSB) strategy and character projection strategy. In a simple case, the number of shots for writing the oblique lines can be as small as 1/600 of that of VSB strategy. Oblique parallel lines of 250 nm width and assist bar of 120 nm width were projected using the mask-scan strategy.
Molecular Profiling of Computed Tomography Screen-Detected Lung Nodules Shows Multiple Malignant Features (2006)

Small early-stage lung cancers resected after detection in a spiral CT-based screening trial reveal malignant molecular features similar to those found in conventionally diagnosed lung cancers, suggesting that the screen-detected cancers are not overdiagnosed.
Regulation of Bacterial Behavior by Light and Magnetism Mediated by Mesoporous Silica-Coated MnFe2O4@CoFe2O4 Nanoparticles (2022)

Unicellular bacterial cells exhibit diverse population behaviors (i.e., aggregation, dispersion, directed assembly, biofilm formation, etc.) to facilitate communication and cooperation. Suitable bacterial behaviors are required for efficient nutrient uptake, cell recycling, and stress response for environmental and industrial application of bacterial populations. However, it remains a great challenge to artificially control bacterial behaviors because of complicated genetic and biochemical mechanisms. In this study, we designed facile mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN)-based assemblies to intelligently regulate bacterial behaviors with the help of light and magnetic field. This system was composed of magnetic MSNs, i.e., MnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@MSN modified by photoactive spiropyran (SP), and the chitosan-based polymers ChiPSP, i.e., chitosan grafted by triphenylphosphine and SP. The assembly strongly bound bacterial cells, inducing reversible bacterial aggregation by visible-light irradiation and dark. Moreover, the formed bacterial aggregates could be further governed by a directed magnetic field (DMF) to form microfibers and by an alternating magnetic field (AMF) to form biofilms. This study realized stimulus-triggered regulation of bacterial behaviors by MSNs and implied the great power of chemical strategies in intelligent control of diverse biological processes for environmental and industrial applications.
Positive expression of NANOG, mutant p53, and CD44 is directly associated with clinicopathological features and poor prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (2015)

High expression of NANOG and positive expression of mutant p53 in the pretreatment biopsy specimens of patients with OSCC were associated with poor survival rates and unfavorable clinicopathological features. These results demonstrate that NANOG, mutant p53, and CD44 could be used as immunohistochemical markers in the pretreatment specimens of OSCC. In particular, analysis for co-expression of NANOG and mutant p53 should be made highly available as a tool for prognosis and selecting individual treatment modalities.
Targeting MDM2 enhances antileukemia immunity after allogeneic transplantation via MHC-II and TRAIL-R1/2 upregulation (2022)

Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) often achieve remission after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) but subsequently die of relapse driven by leukemia cells resistant to elimination by allogeneic T cells based on decreased major histocompatibility complex II (MHC-II) expression and apoptosis resistance. Here we demonstrate that mouse-double-minute-2 (MDM2) inhibition can counteract immune evasion of AML. MDM2 inhibition induced MHC class I and II expression in murine and human AML cells. Using xenografts of human AML and syngeneic mouse models of leukemia, we show that MDM2 inhibition enhanced cytotoxicity against leukemia cells and improved survival. MDM2 inhibition also led to increases in tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor-1 and -2 (TRAIL-R1/2) on leukemia cells and higher frequencies of CD8+CD27lowPD-1lowTIM-3low T cells, with features of cytotoxicity (perforin+CD107a+TRAIL+) and longevity (bcl-2+IL-7R+). CD8+ T cells isolated from leukemia-bearing MDM2 inhibitor-treated allo-HCT recipients exhibited higher glycolytic activity and enrichment for nucleotides and their precursors compared with vehicle control subjects. T cells isolated from MDM2 inhibitor-treated AML-bearing mice eradicated leukemia in secondary AML-bearing recipients. Mechanistically, the MDM2 inhibitor-mediated effects were p53-dependent because p53 knockdown abolished TRAIL-R1/2 and MHC-II upregulation, whereas p53 binding to TRAILR1/2 promotors increased upon MDM2 inhibition. The observations in the mouse models were complemented by data from human individuals. Patient-derived AML cells exhibited increased TRAIL-R1/2 and MHC-II expression on MDM2 inhibition. In summary, we identified a targetable vulnerability of AML cells to allogeneic T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity through the restoration of p53-dependent TRAIL-R1/2 and MHC-II production via MDM2 inhibition.