gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
X‐ray Photolysis To Release Ligands from Caged Reagents by an Intramolecular Antenna Sensitive to Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2011)

Lichtempfindlich: Eine mit einem Metall sensibilisierte organische Sonde, die Moleküle nach Anregung mit Röntgen- und γ-Strahlen freilässt, wurde entwickelt (siehe Bild). Diese Methode überwindet eine derzeitige Grenze, indem eine Photolyse eingesetzt wird, um Materialien zu untersuchen, die sonst nicht von Licht durchdrungen werden (ET=Elektronentransfer).
Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(carborane-siloxane-acetylene) (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and Characterization of Poly(carborane-siloxane-acetylene)Leslie J. Henderson and Teddy M. KellerCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 6, 1660–1661Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00084a060https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00084a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views572Altmetric-Citations66LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multiple paths in complex tasks (1987)

The relationship between utility judgments of subtask paths and the utility of the task as a whole was examined. The convergent validation procedure is based on the assumption that measurements of the same quantity done with different methods should covary. The utility measures of the subtasks were obtained during the performance of an aircraft flight controller navigation task. Analyses helped decide among various models of subtask utility combination, whether the utility ratings of subtask paths predict the whole tasks utility rating, and indirectly, whether judgmental models need to include the equivalent of cognitive noise.
Propagation Characteristics of a Partially Metal-Clad Optical Guide: Metal-Clad Optical Strip Line (1975)

Experimental investigations of the partially metal-clad optical guide were performed. The optical guide consisted of a silicon substrate, an SiO(2) low index dielectric layer, an Al(2)O(3) high index dielectric layer, and a partial cladding layer of Al. The far-field patterns of the output beam from the second prism coupler were consistent with the calculated transverse field distributions using the effective index-of-refraction method. The experimental results on the coupling angles, confinement at the curved section, and attenuation constants are also reported.
Automating the Verification of SDR Base band Signal Processing Algorithms Developed on DSP/FPGA Platform (2006)

This paper suggests an automated validation approach in testing advanced digital signal processing algorithms. These algorithms, which are intended for the implementation of the base band processor of software defined radios, are developed in software (digital signal processors DSP) and hardware (FPGA) environments in order to meet real-time and offline requirements. The automation of the testing of such algorithms enhances their robustness and accuracy, reduces human-computer interaction, decreases the latency between tests by reusing unmodified program code
A 32-nm CMOS Frequency Locked Loop for 20-GHz Synthesis with &#177; 7.6 ppm Resolution (2013)

In this work, a digitally assisted frequency locked loop is implemented using 32-nm CMOS technology and acts as a 20-GHz frequency synthesizer. The frequency difference between the reference clock and the VCO output is obtained using a pair of 18- bit counters. Also, an offset value is added to the counter output to tune the VCO frequency in closed loop. The frequency synthesizer resolution is ± 7.6 p.p.m. over a measured locking range equal to 300 MHz.
Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry applications in endocrinology (2009)

Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has been recognized as a primary methodology for the accurate analysis of endogenous steroid hormones in biological samples. This review focuses on the use of LC-MS/MS in clinical laboratories to assist with the diagnosis of diverse groups of endocrine and metabolic diseases. Described analytical methods use on-line and off-line sample preparation and analytical derivatization to enhance analytical sensitivity, specificity, and clinical utility. Advantages of LC-MS/MS as an analytical technique include high specificity, possibility to simultaneously measure multiple analytes, and the ability to assess the specificity of the analysis in every sample. All described analytical methods were extensively validated, utilized in routine diagnostic practice, and were applied in a number of clinical and epidemiological studies, including a study of the steroidogenesis in ovarian follicles.
Influence of Carrier Confinement on the Subthreshold Swing of Multigate SOI MOSFETs (2008)

The minimum energy of the first conduction subband varies with gate voltage in trigate SOI MOSFETs in subthreshold operation. In an inversion-mode device, the energy level of the lowest subband increases when the electron concentration increases, while it decreases under the same conditions in some accumulation-mode devices. As a result of this quantum effect, the subthreshold swing of accumulation-mode trigate FETs is smaller than predicted by classical theory, while that of inversion-mode devices is higher. This effect is not observed in FinFETs and GAA MOSFETs and can be amplified by modifying the device cross section.
Video Games and Higher Cognition (2021)

A large body of psychological research has examined the relationship between video game play and cognitive function. For instance, action video games have been consistently associated with improved perceptual and attentional abilities. However, the literature examining possible relations between video game play and higher cognitive functions such as intelligence, problem solving, and creativity is quite sparse, and the results are reasonably mixed. Some positive relationships have been observed between playing certain types of games, in particular strategy and puzzle games such as Portal, and isolated tests of reasoning, such as Raven's Progressive Matrices. However, many null relationships have also been observed. Given the different demands inherent across games, it will be important for future research to carefully consider the types of video games that could engage in particular higher cognitive functions, and to evaluate the impact of each type of video game play on these functions separately.
Effect of ice nucleators on snow making and spray freezing (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of ice nucleators on snow making and spray freezingJames C. Liao and Kam C. NgCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1990, 29, 3, 361–366Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00099a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00099a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views427Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Germany-wide DWDM field trial: transparent connection of a long haul link and a multiclient metro network (2002)

We report on error-free multiclient transmission over a Germany-wide all-optical, configurable DWDM system. The performance of the transparent connection of a metropolitan area network and a bi-directional long haul system is investigated under real-world conditions. We report on the topology of SIEMENS part of the Germany-wide field trial KOMNET and results of transparent interconnections between different optical domains.
A new 3D-PICS High density Integrated Passive Device with substrate noise reduction by localized P+ guard rings: Characterization and modeling (2014)

This paper presents an original concept of a 3D-PICS High density Integrated Passive Device Technology with P+ guard rings realized in a 300µm depth High Resistivity Silicon Substrate (HRS) in order to reduce significantly the substrate noise coupling. In this paper, a 3D-PICS IPD test chip was studied as the passive part prototype of a System-In-Package chip in combination with RF transceiver operating in the ISM band (863–870 MHz). Various configurations of the passive chip layout (including implementation of guard rings) have been characterized by Direct Power Injection. 3D-PICS electrical performances deduced from two-ports S-parameters are reported, as well as the guard rings efficiency measurements and a compact high frequency model based on S-parameters extraction. Coupling isolation performances of the new integrated PICS components are found satisfactory.
VennDiagram: a package for the generation of highly-customizable Venn and Euler diagrams in R (2011)

The VennDiagram package allows the creation of high quality Venn and Euler diagrams in the R statistical environment.
Der f 16: a novel gelsolin‐related molecule identified as an allergen from the house dust mite, Dermatophagoides farinae1 (2002)

Allergen from the house dust mite (Dermatophagoides sp.) is a major trigger factor of allergic disorders, and its characterization is crucial for the development of specific diagnosis or immunotherapy. Here we report the identification of a novel dust mite (Dermatophagoides farinae) antigen whose primary structure belongs to the gelsolin family, a group of actin cytoskeleton-regulatory proteins. Isolated mite cDNA, termed Der f 16, encodes 480 amino acids comprising a four-repeated gelsolin-like segmental structure, which is not seen in conventional gelsolin family members. Enzyme immunoassay indicated that recombinant Der f 16 protein, prepared using an Escherichia coli expression system, bound IgE from mite-allergic patients at 47% (8/17) frequency. This is the first evidence that the gelsolin family represents a new class of allergen recognizable by atopic patient IgE.
Abstract B86: Impact of multi targeted epigenetic therapy (MTET): a series of 100 consecutive advanced solid tumor cancers (2015)

Abstract Background: Tumor heterogeneity is a key underlying factor that leads to resistance to chemo-and matched therapies. Circulating cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA) may capture more tumor heterogeneity than a tissue biopsy-derived DNA analysis. In addition, markers of vasculogenesis have been shown to be sensitive markers of tumor growth vs. response to treatment. Here we study the impact of a novel multitargeted epigenetic therapy (MTET) on ctDNA, markers of vasculogenesis and radiographic response. Methods: One hundred consecutive patients with advanced solid tumor cancers were treated with multi targeted epigenetic therapy (MTET). More than 60% were stage IV, with 52% male and 48% women, 24 to 81 years of age. Pre-treatment and post-treatment imaging, circulatory tumour cells (CTC), (Biofocus Lab), ctDNA (Guardant Health, Inc.) and plasma VEGF (LabCorp) were obtained. PET scan metabolic activities were determined by a radiologist in a tertiary hospital based metabolic imaging canter. The average patient had undergone two or more lines of therapy previously. Patients underwent 10 or more cycles of a novel multitargeted epigenetic therapy (MTET), consisting the administration of polyphenols intravenously, either independently or in addition to conventional chemotherapies, consisting of standard and palliative chemotherapies. Results: Overall positive imaging response rate(in favor for metabolic response) was observed in 62%. The magnitude of response was independent of type of tumor. Among the patients who had circulating tumor cells (CTC) and/or ctDNA analyzed(number 20 and number 4 respectedly), a positive response (80% for CTC) was seen with improved CTCs and/or the ctDNA alterations for the gene variant at highest mutant allele. Reduction and normalization of plasma VEGF were seen in 92% of patients. Tolerability was good and none of the patients discontinued therapy due to toxicity. Conclusions: There were significant radiographic responses in advanced solid tumor cancer patients receiving MTET therapy. These changes were paralleled by the changes in serological assessment of vasculogenic factors and/or CTC/ctDNA. The high response rate is unusual for patients who have undergone multiple lines of therapy and a prospective randomized therapy of MTET is being planned. Citation Format: M. A. Nezami, Steven Hager, Richard Lanman. Impact of multi targeted epigenetic therapy (MTET): a series of 100 consecutive advanced solid tumor cancers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2015 Nov 5-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2015;14(12 Suppl 2):Abstract nr B86.
Visualization of pulse propagation through an anomalously dispersive intracavity medium (2011)

It is well-known that a transfer function method is useful to predict the profile of a pulse after it propagates through an intracavity fast-light medium. However, by using this technique, a behavior of the pulse inside the medium cannot be determined. In this paper, we describe a new theoretical approach to deal with this constraint. In the new method, we find an analytical solution for a monochromatic field of infinite spatial and temporal extents, and add the waves with the weighted amplitude and with the tailored phase to embody a Gaussian input pulse moving toward the cavity. At different time frames, the sum of these waves produces a spatial profile of the pulse before, inside and after the cavity. In particular, the pulse profile can be visualized during a superluminal propagation through the intracavity fast-light medium with zero group index. This model allows us to understand the physical process behind the superluminal propagation through a white light cavity, which is significant to realize a high bandwidth data buffer system overcoming conventional delay bandwidth product(DBP) problem.
Modeling Tolerance Development for the Effect on Heart Rate of the Selective S1P1Receptor Modulator Ponesimod (2017)

Ponesimod is a selective sphingosine-1-phosphate-1 (S1P<sub>1</sub> ) receptor modulator currently under investigation for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. S1P receptor modulators reduce heart rate following treatment initiation. This effect disappears with repeated dosing, enabling development of innovative uptitration regimens to optimize patient safety. There are currently no published pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic models describing the heart rate reduction of S1P receptor modulators in humans. The model developed here provides quantification of this effect for ponesimod. A direct-effect I<sub>max</sub> model with estimated maximum reduction of 45%, tolerance development, and circadian variation best described this effect. The pooled data from nine clinical studies enabled characterization of interindividual variability. The model was used to simulate different treatment regimens to compare the effect of high initial doses vs. gradual uptitration with respect to the occurrence of bradycardia. The results indicate a better safety profile when using gradual uptitration. The model allows studying dosing regimens not clinically tested in silico.
Making typical silicon matter with Razor (2004)

Voltage scaling has emerged as a powerful technology for addressing the power challenges that current on-chip densities pose. Razor is a voltage-scaling technology based on dynamic, in-situ detection and correction of circuit-timing errors. Razor permits design optimizations that tune the energy in a microprocessor pipeline to typical circuit-operational levels. This eliminates the voltage margins that traditional worst-case design methodologies require and lets digital systems run correctly and robustly at the edge of minimum power consumption. Occasional heavyweight computations may fail and require additional time and energy for recovery, but the optimized pipeline requires significantly less energy overall than traditional designs.
Genetic variation in renin predicts the effects of thiazide diuretics (2011)

In addition to PRA, renin rs11240688 CC polymorphism may also independently predict the effect of HCTZ.
Virtual machine workloads: the case for new benchmarks for NAS (2013)

Network Attached Storage (NAS) and Virtual Machines (VMs) are widely used in data centers thanks to their manageability, scalability, and ability to consolidate resources. But the shift from physical to virtual clients drastically changes the I/O workloads seen on NAS servers, due to guest file system encapsulation in virtual disk images and the multiplexing of request streams from different VMs. Unfortunately, current NAS workload generators and benchmarks produce workloads typical to physical machines.This paper makes two contributions. First, we studied the extent to which virtualization is changing existing NAS workloads. We observed significant changes, including the disappearance of file system meta-data operations at the NAS layer, changed I/O sizes, and increased randomness. Second, we created a set of versatile NAS benchmarks to synthesize virtualized workloads. This allows us to generate accurate virtualized workloads without the effort and limitations associated with setting up a full virtualized environment. Our experiments demonstrate that the relative error of our virtualized benchmarks, evaluated across 11 parameters, averages less than 10%.
A double-lithography and double-reflow process and application to multi-pitch multi-height mechanical flexible interconnects (2016)

Wafer-level multi-pitch and multi-height mechanically flexible interconnects (MPMH MFIs) are demonstrated using a double-lithography and double-reflow process of a large array of sacrificial polymer domes with various heights (ranging from 26 µm to 66 µm). Using these domes, NiW MFIs with various pitches (ranging from 50 µm to 150 µm) are formed atop the multi-height domes using electroplating. The mechanical and electrical properties of the fabricated MPMH MFIs are characterized using indentation and four-point resistance measurements.
Numerical calculation method of binaural signals suitable for auralization of a reflective sound field (2006)

Based on the Kirchhoff-Helmholtz integral equation, a numerical calculation method, which enables a wave-theory-based auralization of a sound field inside room, is proposed. Binaural signals are synthesized from pressures and particle velocities on the boundary surface and corresponding head-related transfer functions (HRTF). The proposed method can shorten the extra computation time that is required because of changes in numerical conditions caused by head movement and rotation. The boundary element method (BEM) was used to calculate surface values on sound-reflective objects. In addition, HRTFs for various source positions were calculated using a BEM-based HRTF calculation system [M. Otani and S. Ise, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 119, 2589–2598 (2006)]. Results obtained using the proposed method are compared with those of the conventional BEM, whose boundary consists of a head and a wall, and an image source method, which does not incorporate sound wave motion. Those comparisons reveal that the proposed method can accurately simulate binaural signals, including indirect sound from reflective objects. In addition, interactions between the head and wall are discussed, which are omitted in any auralization method using HRTFs to synthesize binaural signals and have not been investigated.
Automatic procedure for aberrations compensation in digital holographic microscopy (2006)

Digital Holographic Microscopy (DHM) is a powerful imaging technique allowing, from a single amplitude image acquisition (hologram), the reconstruction of the entire complex wave front (amplitude and phase), reflected by or transmitted through an object. Because holography is an interferometric technique, the reconstructed phase leads to a sub-wavelength axial accuracy (below &#955;/100). Nevertheless, this accuracy is difficult to obtain from a single hologram. Indeed, the reconstruction process consisting to process the hologram with a digital reference wave (similar to classical holographic reconstruction) seems to need a-priori knowledge about the physical values of the setup. Furthermore, the introduction of a microscope objective (MO), used to improve the lateral resolution, introduces a wave front curvature in the object wave front. Finally, the optics of the set-up can introduce different aberrations that decrease the quality and the accuracy of the phase images. We propose here an automatic procedure allowing the adjustment of the physical values and the compensation for the phase aberrations. The method is based on the extraction of reconstructed phase values, along line profiles, located on or around the sample, in assumed to be flat area, and which serve as reference surfaces. The phase reconstruction parameters are then automatically adjusted by applying curve-fitting procedures on the extracted phase profiles. An example of a mirror and a USAF test target recorded with high order aberrations (introduced by a thick tilted plate placed in the set-up) shows that our procedure reduces the phase standard deviation from 45 degrees to 5 degrees.
Phases of Urban Tourists' Exploratory Navigation (2016)

There is a lack of widely available mobile map applications that effectively support pedestrian tourists who prefer the freedom of exploring their surroundings, and might not have an explicit destination they are trying to reach in mind. Although research systems to support such exploratory navigation have been developed, these are often only studied in controlled trials. It is therefore unclear if researchers are covering all types of navigation tourists do. To get a comprehensive picture of tourists' navigation, we carried out a field study with 16 tourists, shadowing them during part of their visit to Helsinki. Our findings support designers of mobile applications by describing the phases and dynamics of exploration and wayfinding, as well as how existing popular navigation tools are used during exploration. The phases contribute towards a framework for assessing existing tools and developing new ones to cover all navigation activities tourists undertake. We present 5 design implications to support creating tools that take into account the real-world insights collected in the study.