gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Therapy in Recent-Onset Type 1 Diabetes (2018)

Previous phase I studies demonstrated that alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) was safe and well tolerated in type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients. This multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled phase II trial was designed to test whether AAT could preserve C-peptide secretion in new-onset T1D patients aged 8-25 years. Seventy patients (37 males; mean age 13.1 ± 4.1 years) were randomized (1:1:1) to treatment with 22 IV infusions − 60 mg/kg AAT, 120 mg/kg AAT or placebo administered over 1 year. The primary end point of the study was the change in C-peptide area under the curve (AUC) from a 2-h mixed-meal tolerance test (MMTT) after 1 year. Secondary endpoints were HbA1c and safety parameters. Post-hoc sub-group analysis by age was performed. At 1 year, the decrease in C-peptide AUC was not different in AAT vs. placebo groups (P = 0.66 and 0.96, for 60 and 120 mg/kg AAT). Within 12-18 years subgroup (n=35), C-peptide AUC in placebo-treated and 60 mg/kg AAT-treated patients decreased significantly from baseline (-0.34 and -0.55 pmol/mL, respectively, P &amp;lt; 0.01) while no significant decrease was observed in the 120 mg/kg AAT-treated patients (-0.18 pmol/mL, P = 0.20). At 1 year, mean HbA1c levels were higher in placebo-treated patients and 60 mg/kg AAT-treated patients vs. 120 mg/kg AAT-treated patients (8.24 ± 1.42% and 7.85% ± 1.67% vs. 6.66% ± 1.01%, respectively, P = 0.for 120 mg/kg AAT vs. placebo); a lower percentage of patients attained HbA1c ≤ 7% in the placebo and 60 mg/kg AAT groups compared to 120 mg/kg AAT (25% and 28.6% vs. 70%, P = 0.07). The infusions were well tolerated with a similar safety profile in the AAT and placebo groups. Two patients in the 60 mg/kg treatment group had allergic reactions after 4 and 17 infusions. Although AAT intervention shows promise with a favorable safety profile, the efficacy of AAT in T1D patients is inconclusive. Further studies should be undertaken with appropriate patient stratification pre-randomization and implementation of biomarkers to determine whether AAT has a beneficial effect on beta cell preservation. Disclosure Y. Lebenthal: Speaker's Bureau; Self; Novo Nordisk Inc.. Consultant; Self; Kamada. A. Brener: None. E. Hershkovitz: None. N. Shehadeh: None. S. Shalitin: None. S. Gai-Castro: Employee; Self; Kamada. M. Stein: Employee; Self; Kamada. N. Tov: Employee; Self; Kamada. M. Rachmiel: Advisory Panel; Self; Novo Nordisk Inc.. Other Relationship; Self; Medtronic MiniMed, Inc.. Research Support; Self; Kamada.
Closing Nutrient Cycles through the Use of System-Internal Resource Streams: Implications for Circular Multitrophic Food Production Systems and Aquaponic Feed Development (2023)

In order to further close nutrient cycles of aquaponic systems, it could be possible to integrate a third trophic level in the form of insect larvae production (i.e., black soldier fly larvae) to recycle internal waste streams into valuable nutrients. This would present opportunities to formulate sustainable circular aquafeeds that combine these internally available nutrients with complementary external raw materials. The ingredient composition of feeds for such circular multitrophic food production systems (CMFS) may affect fish performance as well as excretion of important dissolved plant nutrients such as N, P and K. Hence, fish meal from catfish processing (CM) as base ingredient was combined with variable levels of poultry by-product meal (PM) and black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFM) into three marine-ingredient-free experimental diets corresponding to hypothetical production scenarios of a CMFS that aims to integrate aquaponics with insect larvae production. These experimental diets and a commercial diet (COM) were compared using isonitrogenous and isolipidic formulations. They were fed to African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) and evaluated concerning growth performance and nutrient excretion. All diets resulted in similar total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) excretion, whereas the increase of dietary PM inclusion from 0% (BSF diet) to 20% (MIX diet) and to 41% (PM diet) and concomitant reduction of BSFM inclusion led to increasingly higher soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) excretion per unit of feed compared to the COM diet. While the PM diet enabled the best growth and feed conversion performance, the MIX and especially the BSF diet produced more similar performance to the COM diet, which generated the highest dissolved K excretion. The MIX and the PM diet resulted in the highest Ca and P, yet lower N content in the fish feces. Results indicate that combining CM with elevated levels of PM in the diet of African catfish could improve growth performance and reduce the need for P fertilization in aquaponics when compared to industrial diets optimized for low environmental impact. Findings are discussed regarding their implications for CMFS and aquaponic feed formulation.
Stereochemical Elucidation and Total Synthesis of Dihydropacidamycin D, a Semisynthetic Pacidamycin (2001)

Hydrogenation of the C(4') exocyclic olefin of the pacidamycins has been shown to produce a series of semisynthetic compounds, the dihydropacidamycins, with antimicrobial activity similar to that of the natural products. Elucidation of stereochemistry in the pacidamycins has been completed through a campaign of natural product degradation experiments in combination with the total synthesis of the lowest-molecular weight dihydropacidamycin, dihydropacidamycin D. The stereochemical identities of the tryptophan and two alanine residues contained in pacidamycin D have been shown to be of the natural (S) configuration, and the unique 3-methylamino-2-aminobutyric acid contained in this series of antibiotics has been shown to be of the (2S,3S) configuration. Finally, the stereochemistry obtained by hydrogenation of the C(4')-C(5') exocyclic olefin has been shown to be (R) at the C(4') nucleoside site.
Ultrastructural morphology of granule release from juxtaglomerular myoepithelioid and peripolar cells. (1982)

The morphology of granule release from juxtaglomerular myoepithelioid and peripolar cells has been examined. Renin release occurs from myoepithelioid granules by an unusual form of exocytosis via deep channel-like invaginations of the plasma membrane. Such release occurs towards the juxtaglomerular interstitium as well as towards the arteriolar lumen. Peripolar cell granule exocytosis occurs directly into the urinary space in sodium-depleted sheep, tentatively supporting the speculation that it may be the source of an intrarenal sodium-retaining hormone.
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2J2 gene transfection attenuates MMP‐9 via inhibition of NF‐κβ in hyperhomocysteinemia (2008)

Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is associated with atherosclerotic events involving the modulation of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism and the activation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Cytochrome P450 (CYP) epoxygenase-2J2 (CYP2J2) is abundant in the heart endothelium, and its AA metabolites epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) mitigates inflammation through NF-kappabeta. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms for MMP-9 regulation by CYP2J2 in HHcy remain obscure. We sought to determine the molecular mechanisms by which P450 epoxygenase gene transfection or EETs supplementation attenuate homocysteine (Hcy)-induced MMP-9 activation. CYP2J2 was over-expressed in mouse aortic endothelial cells (MAECs) by transfection with the pcDNA3.1/CYP2J2 vector. The effects of P450 epoxygenase transfection or exogenous supplementation of EETs on NF-kappabeta-mediated MMP-9 regulation were evaluated using Western blot, in-gel gelatin zymography, electromobility shift assay, immunocytochemistry. The result suggested that Hcy downregulated CYP2J2 protein expression and dephosphorylated PI3K-dependent AKT signal. Hcy induced the nuclear translocation of NF-kappabeta via downregulation of IKbetaalpha (endogenous cytoplasmic inhibitor of NF-kappabeta). Hcy induced MMP-9 activation by increasing NF-kappabeta-DNA binding. Moreover, P450 epoxygenase transfection or exogenous addition of 8,9-EET phosphorylated the AKT and attenuated Hcy-induced MMP-9 activation. This occurred, in part, by the inhibition of NF-kappabeta nuclear translocation, NF-kappabeta-DNA binding and activation of IKbetaalpha. The study unequivocally suggested the pivotal role of EETs in the modulation of Hcy/MMP-9 signal.
Separation of Urea and Ammonium Chloride by Temperature Cycle Process (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSeparation of Urea and Ammonium Chloride by Temperature Cycle ProcessS. N. Vyas and R. VenkataramanCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1979, 18, 4, 588–591Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1979https://doi.org/10.1021/i260072a003RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views105Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (396 KB) Get e-Alerts
Core2 1-6-N-Glucosaminyltransferase-I Deficiency Protects Injured Arteries From Neointima Formation in ApoE-Deficient Mice (2009)

C2GlcNAcT-I deficiency suppresses injury-induced arterial neointima formation, and this effect is attributable to decreased leukocyte recruitment to injured vascular walls and increased endothelial regeneration. Both C2GlcNAcT-I and PF4 are promising targets for the treatment of arterial restenosis.
The Influence of Water on Choline-Based Ionic Liquids (2019)

Choline and geranic acid (CAGE)-based ionic liquids have been recently developed for applications in drug delivery. Understanding the microscopic structures of CAGE in the presence of water is critical for its continued use in biomedical applications as it will undoubtedly come into contact with water in physiological fluids. Water can drastically impact the physicochemical properties of the ionic liquids, including CAGE. Computational and experimental characterization, namely viscosity, conductivity, and self-diffusion coefficient, were employed here to understand the properties of equimolar CAGE (1:1 choline/geranic acid) in the presence of varying amounts of water. It was found that under stored conditions, 1:1 CAGE contained up to 0.20 mole fraction water. Experimental and computational studies indicate that microscopic intraionic interactions within CAGE are not substantially changed until the water content exceeds 0.65 mole fraction. At this point, we theorize that the geranate ions undergo reorganization to minimize contact between the hydrophobic tails and the water molecules. This is evidenced by the plateau in viscosity at this mole fraction, and the increased interactions between the tails of the anions. This suggests that CAGE could be used without predrying in most applications and can be diluted to induce the organization of the anions where desired.
Cardiolipin promotes electron transport between ubiquinone and complex I to rescue PINK1 deficiency (2017)

<i>PINK1</i> is mutated in Parkinson's disease (PD), and mutations cause mitochondrial defects that include inefficient electron transport between complex I and ubiquinone. Neurodegeneration is also connected to changes in lipid homeostasis, but how these are related to PINK1-induced mitochondrial dysfunction is unknown. Based on an unbiased genetic screen, we found that partial genetic and pharmacological inhibition of fatty acid synthase (FASN) suppresses toxicity induced by PINK1 deficiency in flies, mouse cells, patient-derived fibroblasts, and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived dopaminergic neurons. Lower FASN activity in <i>PINK1</i> mutants decreases palmitate levels and increases the levels of cardiolipin (CL), a mitochondrial inner membrane-specific lipid. Direct supplementation of CL to isolated mitochondria not only rescues the <i>PINK1-</i>induced complex I defects but also rescues the inefficient electron transfer between complex I and ubiquinone in specific mutants. Our data indicate that genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of FASN to increase CL levels bypasses the enzymatic defects at complex I in a PD model.
Determination of Endogenous Levels of Retinoic Acid Isomers in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Possible Correlation with HbA1c Values. (2002)

A sensitive HPLC method for simultaneous determination of endogenous levels of all-trans-(ATRA), 13-cis-(13cRA), and 9-cis-retinoic acids (9cRA) was applied to serum samples from healthy volunteers and type II diabetes mellitus patients. Levels of 9cRA (around 0.2 ng/ml in both groups) were below the limit of quantification. The concentrations of ATRA and 13cRA were reliably quantified, and the within-day and between-days variances indicated that they were well maintained with little variation. Concentrations of serum ATRA and 13cRA of diabetic patients (ATRA: 1.76 +/- 0.54 ng/ml; 13cRA: 1.77 +/- 0.39ng/ml, n=13) were rather lower than those of healthy subjects (ATRA: 2.08 +/- 0.53 ng/ml; 13cRA: 2.05 +/- 0.26 ng/ml, n = 18), but the differences were not significant, except for the sum of ATRA and 13cRA (p = 0.033). Interestingly, the serum levels of retinoic acids in diabetic patients correlated positively with the hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values (ATRA: r = 0.57, p < 0.05; 13cRA: r = 0.62, p < 0.05). The results warrant further studies on the possible involvement of uncontrolled serum retinoic acids levels in the pathogenesis and/or treatment of diabetes mellitus.
Genetic Target Modulation Employing CRISPR/Cas9 Identifies Glyoxalase 1 as a Novel Molecular Determinant of Invasion and Metastasis in A375 Human Malignant Melanoma Cells In Vitro and In Vivo (2020)

Metabolic reprogramming is a molecular hallmark of cancer. Recently, we have reported the overexpression of glyoxalase 1 (encoded by <i>GLO1</i>), a glutathione-dependent enzyme involved in detoxification of the reactive glycolytic byproduct methylglyoxal, in human malignant melanoma cell culture models and clinical samples. However, the specific role of <i>GLO1</i> in melanomagenesis remains largely unexplored. Here, using genetic target modulation, we report the identification of <i>GLO1</i> as a novel molecular determinant of invasion and metastasis in malignant melanoma. First, A375 human malignant melanoma cells with <i>GLO1</i> deletion (A375-<i>GLO1</i>_KO) were engineered using CRISPR/Cas9, and genetic rescue clones were generated by stable transfection of KO clones employing a CMV-driven <i>GLO1</i> construct (A375-<i>GLO1</i>_R). After confirming <i>GLO1</i> target modulation at the mRNA and protein levels (RT-qPCR, immunodetection, enzymatic activity), phenotypic characterization indicated that deletion of <i>GLO1</i> does not impact proliferative capacity while causing significant sensitization to methylglyoxal-, chemotherapy-, and starvation-induced cytotoxic stress. Employing differential gene expression array analysis (A375-<i>GLO1</i>_KO versus A375-<i>GLO1</i>_WT), pronounced modulation of epithelial--mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes [upregulated: <i>CDH1</i>, <i>OCLN</i>, <i>IL1RN, PDGFRB, SNAI3</i>; (downregulated): <i>BMP1, CDH2, CTNNB1, FN1, FTH1, FZD7, MELTF, MMP2, MMP9, MYC, PTGS2, SNAI2, TFRC, TWIST1, VIM, WNT5A, ZEB1,</i> and <i>ZEB2</i> (up to tenfold; <i>p</i> < 0.05)] was observed-all of which are consistent with EMT suppression as a result of <i>GLO1</i> deletion. Importantly, these expression changes were largely reversed upon genetic rescue employing A375-<i>GLO1</i>_R cells. Differential expression of <i>MMP9</i> as a function of <i>GLO1</i> status was further substantiated by enzymatic activity and ELISA analysis; phenotypic assessment revealed the pronounced attenuation of morphological potential, transwell migration, and matrigel 3D-invasion capacity displayed by A375-<i>GLO1</i>_KO cells, reversed again in genetic rescue clones. Strikingly, in a SCID mouse metastasis model, lung tumor burden imposed by A375-<i>GLO1</i>_KO cells was strongly attenuated as compared to A375-<i>GLO1</i>_WT cells. Taken together, these prototype data provide evidence in support of a novel function of <i>GLO1</i> in melanoma cell invasiveness and metastasis, and ongoing investigations explore the function and therapeutic potential of <i>GLO1</i> as a novel melanoma target.
Plant–Water Relations (2020)

Water is the most abundant resource for nearly all organisms. Covering over 70 per cent of the earth's surface and making up as much as 95 per cent of the matter of living organisms, it is virtually unique among all liquids. The water content of plants is in a continuous state of flux, based on the degree of metabolic activity, the water status of the surrounding air and soil, and a variety of other factors.
Editorial: Fundamentals, design and applications in process-intensifying equipment (2022)

International audience
Nanocomposite Formation in Hydrogenated Nitrile Rubber (HNBR)/Organo‐Montmorillonite as a Function of the Intercalant Type (2004)

Abstract Summary: Hydrogenated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR) was melt compounded with montmorillonite (MMT) and organophilic modified MMTs prior to sulfur curing. In contrast to the micro‐composite formation resulting from the compounding of the HNBR and pristine MMT, the modified MMTs (i.e., octadecylamine: MMT‐ODA, octadecyltrimethylamine: MMT‐ODTMA, methyltallow‐bis(2‐hydroxyethyl) quaternary ammonium: MMT‐MTH intercalants) produced nanocomposites. It was found that the organoclay with primary amine intercalant (cf. MMT‐ODA) gave confined structures along with the exfoliated/intercalated structures. This was traced to its reactivity with the curatives. By contrast, the organoclays containing less reactive quaternary ammonium compounds (cf. MMT‐ODTMA, MMT‐MTH) were exfoliated and intercalated based on X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results. The hydroxyl functional groups of the MMT‐MTH supported the clay dispersion. The better adhesion between MMT‐MTH and HNBR was explained by hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl groups of the intercalant and the acrylonitrile group of the HNBR matrix. This HNBR/MMT‐MTH nanocomposite showed the best mechanical properties as verified by tensile mechanical tests and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). The high tensile strength along with the high elongation at break for the rubber nanocomposites were attributed to the ability of the ‘clay network’ to dissipate the input energy upon uniaxial loading. Scheme of failure development in rubber/organoclay mixes with poor (a) and good (b) dispersion of the clay layers. image Scheme of failure development in rubber/organoclay mixes with poor (a) and good (b) dispersion of the clay layers.
Design and development of a 500kW utility-interactive switch-clamped three-level photovoltaic inverter (2011)

This paper introduces the development of a switch-clamped utility-interactive photovoltaic inverter intended for very large scale photovoltaic (PV) power generation. The switch-clamped inverter proposed is superior to the diode-clamped inverter in terms of converter losses and harmonic distortion, thus a high efficiency of 98.5% was achieved by applying a switch-clamped three level inverter and latest 6 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> generation IGBTs. The adoption of a three level configuration, supported by CAD design tools made possible to achieve a considerable reduction in size. Factory test results are presented to confirm the inverter performance and suitability for large-scaled photovoltaic applications.
The Alternative Complement Pathway Is Activated Without a Corresponding Terminal Pathway Activation in Patients With Heart Failure (2021)

Our findings suggest that in patients with HF, the alternative pathway is activated. However, this is not accompanied by activation of the terminal pathway.
Detailed Modeling of Residential End-Use Motor Load and Protection for Distribution System Transient Study (2019)

An optimal coordination of residential motor protection has been considered a potential remedy for many sustained low voltage problems caused by faults in the transmission system. This paper presents the modeling of residential end-use motor loads equipped with dedicated protection devices in a dynamic-phasor-based simulation program. Common types of mechanical torque are implemented for different functional motors in typical single-family and multifamily homes. The point-on-wave study is performed to examine the responses of air-conditioner (A/C) compressor to the instant of voltage depression. Voltage depressions are imposed at the head of the feeder supplying multiple residential homes to investigate the behaviors of A/C compressor stalling, actions of motor tripping and reconnection, and system-level responses to motor stalling and motor protection.
Recent upgrade of the polarized neutron reflectometer Super ADAM (2015)

The Super ADAM reflectometer—a part of Collaborative Research Group at ILL—is modern competitive neutron research platform which is destined primarily for Swedish use (70% of total beam time). Supe...
Study Development of Applying Vortex Generator Jet to Flow Control in Fluid Machinery (2007)

The research development of vortex generator jet in flow control is reviewed from both sides of experiment measurements and numerical calculation.The operating principle and application in flow separation control of vortex generator jet are introduced and the research achievements in this field are summarized.Finally,the current problems consisted in flow control using vortex generator jet are pointed out and the further research development is indicated.
Highlights of the 2022 VLSI Symposium on VLSI Technology and Circuits [Conference Report] (2022)

Presents information on the 2022 VLSI Symposium.
Characterization and Cytotoxicity of Self-Organized Assemblies of Curcumin and Amphiphatic Poly(ethylene glycol) (2009)

Polymer-conjugated nanoparticles are an important technology to control the stability, safety, and efficacy in drug delivery systems. Herein, we investigate self-organized mixed assemblies of a lipophilic drug candidate, curcumin (Cm), and a poly(oxyethylene) cholesteryl ether (PEG-Chol). Cm was assembled together with PEG-Chol to form nano-sized assemblies (around 10 nm) of assumed micelles. In contrast with the rapid decomposition of free Cm due to the hydrolysis, the Cm was highly stabilized in the nanoparticles, especially at below 40 mol% Cm. Cell viability assay revealed that the cytotoxic activity of the Cm/PEG-Chol nanoparticles against myeloma cells is higher than those of free Cm in a comparison at 1 microM. On the other hand, both the Cm/PEG-Chol nanoparticles and PEG-Chol micelles had significant cytotoxicity to the myeloma cells at 5 microM. Taken together, the present Cm/PEG-Chol system offers a stable nanoparticle encapsulating Cm which can be injected as a liquid. Cm and vehicle micelles will damage the cancer cells cooperatively.