gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multi-agent systems and their role in future energy grids (Dagstuhl Seminar 14181) (2014)

This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 14181 "Multi-agent systems and their role in future energy grids". A number of recent events (e.g. Fukushima, Japan, and the largest blackout in history, India) have once again increased global attention on climate change and resource depletion. The evaluation of the feasibility of current approaches for future energy generation, distribution, transportation, and consumption has become an important requirement for most countries. There is a general consensus on the need for a fundamental transformation of future energy grids. The development of an information and communication technology (ICT) support infrastructure was identified as the key challenge in the design of an end-to-end smart grid. A multiagent system, with agents located at the edges and nodes of the grid and representing the interests of end-users, distributors, and providers, enables intelligent decisions to be made at each node in the electric power distribution network (grid). The seminar fostered discussions among experts from all relevant disciplines is to develop the foundation for the necessary interdisciplinary solution from engineering, computer science, and business management. The outcome was an understanding and identification of the requirements on the information systems for future smart grids.
Glucosylceramide modulates membrane traffic along the endocytic pathway (2002)

Glycosphingolipids are endocytosed and targeted to the Golgi apparatus, but are mistargeted to lysosomes in numerous sphingolipidoses. Substrate reduction therapy utilizes imino sugars to inhibit glucosylceramide synthase and potentially abrogate the effects of storage. Gaucher disease is a hereditary deficiency in glucocerebrosidase leading to glucosylceramide accumulation; however, Gaucher fibroblasts exhibited normal Golgi transport of lactosylceramide. To better understand the effects of glycosphingolipid accumulation on intracellular trafficking and the use of imino sugar inhibitors, we studied sphingolipid endocytosis in fibroblast and macrophage models for Gaucher disease. Treatment of fibroblasts or RAW macrophages with conduritol B epoxide, an inhibitor of lysosomal glucocerebrosidase, resulted in a change in the endocytic targeting of lactosylceramide from the Golgi to the lysosomes. Co-treatment of macrophages with conduritol B-epoxide and 12-25 microM N-butyldeoxygalactonojirimycin, an inhibitor of glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, prevented the mistargeting of lactosylceramide to the lysosomes and restored trafficking to the Golgi. Surprisingly, higher doses (>25 microM) of NB-DGJ induced targeting of lactosylceramide to the lysosomes, even in the absence of conduritol B-epoxide. These data demonstrate that both increases and decreases in glucosylceramide levels can dramatically alter the endocytic targeting of lactosylceramide and suggest a role for glucosylceramide in regulation of membrane transport.
Blood transfusion induced changes in cell-mediated lympholysis: to immunize or not to immunize (1991)

We have recently observed that the HLA-DR match between recipients and transfusion donors influences the beneficial effect of blood transfusions on allograft survival. To examine the immunologic effects of one-HLA-DR-Ag-matched and completely DR-mismatched transfusions, transfusion-induced changes in cell-mediated lympholysis (CML) were investigated. Blood donor directed CTL activity was measured in vitro before and after blood transfusion in 56 candidates for organ transplantation who received planned HLA-typed blood. We report that blood donor-directed CTL activity increased substantially after a single transfusion mismatched with the recipient for two HLA-DR Ag (p less than 0.0001). A transfusion matched for one HLA-DR Ag did not enhance CTL activity. No correlation was found between CTL reactivity and sharing of HLA class I Ag. The present study supports our previous observation that matching for at least one HLA class II Ag (HLA-DR) between transfusion recipient and blood donor is required if immunization by blood transfusion is to be avoided. These data show that the presence or absence of "autologous" HLA-DR Ag on the leucocytes of the transfusion donor plays a decisive rol whether immunization or immune suppression will ensue.
PReS-FINAL-2179: Efficacy and safety of adalimumab in pediatric patients with enthesitis related arthritis (2013)

Enthesitis related arthritis (ERA) is a subcategory of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) which primarily affects peripheral joints and entheses but also can involve the sacroiliac joints and spine. It causes long-term effects on both physical and quality aspects of a child's life. Adalimumab (ADA) has been previously demonstrated to be effective in polyarticular JIA.
Effects of gestational age on myocardial blood flow and coronary flow reserve in pressure-loaded ovine fetal hearts (2002)

To test the hypothesis that coronary flow and coronary flow reserve are developmentally regulated, we used fluorescent microspheres to investigate the effects of acute (6 h) pulmonary artery banding (PAB) on baseline and adenosine-enhanced right (RV) and left ventricular (LV) blood flow in two groups of twin ovine fetuses (100 and 128 days of gestation, term 145 days, n = 6 fetuses/group). Within each group, one fetus underwent PAB to constrict the main pulmonary artery diameter by 50%, and the other twin served as a nonbanded control. Physiological measurements were made 6 h after the surgery was completed; tissues were then harvested for analysis of selected genes that may be involved in the early phase of coronary vascular remodeling. Within each age group, arterial blood gas values, heart rate, and mean arterial blood pressure were similar between control and PAB fetuses. Baseline endocardial blood flow in both ventricles was greater in 100 than 128-day fetuses (RV: 341 +/- 20 vs. 230 +/- 17 ml*min(-1)*100 g(-1); LV: 258 +/- 18 vs. 172 +/- 23 ml*min(-1)*100 g(-1), both P < 0.05). In both age groups, RV and LV endocardial blood flows increased significantly in control animals during adenosine infusion and were greater in PAB compared with control fetuses. After PAB, adenosine further increased RV blood flow in 128-day fetuses (from 416 +/- 30 to 598 +/- 33 ml*min(-1)*g(-1), P < 0.05) but did not enhance blood flow in 100-day animals (490 +/- 59 to 545 +/- 42 ml*min(-1)*100 g(-1), P > 0.2). RV vascular endothelial growth factor and Flk-1 mRNA levels were increased relative to controls (P < 0.05) in 128 but not 100-day PAB fetuses. We conclude that in the ovine fetus, developmentally related differences exist in 1) baseline myocardial blood flows, 2) the adaptive response of myocardial blood flow to acute systolic pressure load, and 3) the responses of selected genes involved in vasculogenesis to increased load in the fetal myocardium.
Ethanol Alters the Osteogenic Differentiation of Amniotic Fluid‐Derived Stem Cells (2010)

These results suggest that transient exposure of AFSCs to ethanol during early differentiation enhances osteogenic differentiation of the cells.
Formation Pressure Testing In the Dynamic Drilling Environment (2004)

Abstract This paper introduces a new technology in which a logging while drilling (LWD) tool is used to pressure test a formation during the drilling process. The Formation Testing While Drilling (FTWD) or GeoTAP* tool described in this paper uses a testing technique similar to wireline formation testers. A probe is extended to the formation and a small sample chamber is used to pressure test the formation. The drilling environment offers many new challenges to pressure testing, however. Wireline tools require a great deal of interaction with the engineer, which is very limited in the drilling environment. Therefore, the new tool has up-link and down-link capabilities and is highly automated for test control. New data compression routines are described that enable not only some of the raw data to be transmitted, but formation permeability (mobility) and test quality estimates to be obtained in real-time. An efficient algorithm is used down-hole to analyze the data where testing parameters and selected pressure data are transmitted to the surface in real-time for continuous monitoring of the test. The drilling environment is more dynamic than is the case for wireline testers. Pressures in the borehole are constantly changing due to several factors. Invasion and the resultant supercharge effect can affect FTWD measurements. Supercharging results from mud filtrate invasion increasing the sandface pressure just behind the mudcake. Additionally it is desirable to keep the mud pumps on while testing to avoid hole deterioration and pipe sticking. Slower hydrostatic pressure changes can also occur due to drill pipe movement causing a swabbing effect. These pressure transients can be transmitted through the mudcake and into the formation. Using a newly developed near wellbore model that considers mudcake properties and invasion, these effects are simulated. A sensitivity study demonstrates the conditions that affect the stability and accuracy of the FTWD measurements. Field data from the new GeoTAP tool are presented and compared with wireline formation test (WFT) data in test wells. The new tool requires the drill pipe to stop rotating/sliding for about 7 minutes per pressure test. During this time the pumps can be turned on or off. Most of the test results were taken with the pumps on. A "pumps on" GeoTAP tool field example is also presented, and the results compared very favorably with WFT data in terms of the absolute pressure measurement, repeatability and accuracy. The field example demonstrates the robustness of the measurement with three repeat pressure tests that were taken at three different depth points where, in each case, the pressures recorded were within 1 psi. Final conclusions are drawn regarding FTWD technology and its future direction.
Publisher’s Note: “Strain-tunable silicon photonic band gap microcavities in optical waveguides” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 1242 (2004)] (2004)

First Page
Haven't we met before? (2014)

This paper presents a perceived real-time system for memory augmentation. We propose a realistic approach to realize a memory assistance system, focusing on retrieving the person in front of you. The proposed system is capable of fully automatic indexing and is scalable in the database size. We utilize face recognition to show the user previous encounters with the person they are currently looking at. The system works fast (under 200 ms, perceived real time) with a decent database size (45 videos of 24 people). We also provide evidence in terms of an online questionnaire that our proposed memory augmentation system is useful and would be worn by most of the participants if it can be implemented in an unobtrusive way.
Behavior of the flying capacitor converter under critical operating conditions (2017)

The Flying Capacitor Converter (FCC) offers an attractive alternative to conventional 2-IeveI converter topologies due to the easily acquired high number of voltage levels and the increased effective switching frequency. However, balancing of the flying capacitor (FC) voltages is crucial in practice since a deviation from the nominal voltage levels increases harmonics in the output voltage and, more importantly, jeopardizes the integrity of the converter due to overvoltages across the power transistors. Modulation inherent FC balancing techniques (termed natural/passive balancing) have been thoroughly analyzed in literature, however only for stationary operating conditions. In this paper, the behavior of the FCC and the effectiveness of passive balancing will be analyzed in detail regarding specific operating conditions present in typical industry applications such as converter start-up, shut-down, standby and operation under fault conditions. The basis for the analysis is a 5-level, 2 kW FCC embedded in two typical industry applications: single-phase PV inverter and single-phase PFC rectifier.
Deflation and inflation of a large magma body beneath Uturuncu volcano, Bolivia? Insights from InSAR data, surface lineaments and stress modelling (2014)

The voluminous ash-flow eruptive products in the Central Andes imply that there are major magma bodies; however, how these magma bodies develop and change in time and space are not understood. In this study, we analyse the deformation activity of the Uturuncu Volcano, SW Bolivia, from 2003 to 2009 using a satellite radar interferometry (InSAR) data set. We find that the strength and the pattern of the present deformation can be explained by a pressurized source, such as an inflating flat-topped magma body at ∼22 ± 9 km depth below the surface. Furthermore, we examine the optical remote sensing data to perform a lineament analysis, which shows in a geographic information system (GIS) that a girdle of river streams and faults encircle the volcano at radial distance of approximately 15 km. Using numerical stress models, we locate a magma body beneath the volcano and find that the lineaments are best explained by a deflating flat-topped magma body at approximately 18 ± 2 km depth, which is consistent with the InSAR study. Thus, both the independent analysis of InSAR and lineament data suggest the presence of a horizontally extended, flat-topped magma body beneath Uturuncu. The location depth is in agreement with, or just above, a prominent seismic low velocity zone. Consequently, although the sign of deformation caused by the herein constrained magma body differs, the similar geometry and similar location suggest them to be similar, possibly indicating longevity of a magma storage region.
Contribution of Autonomic Reflexes to the Hyperadrenergic State in Heart Failure (2017)

Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome representing the clinical endpoint of many cardiovascular diseases of different etiology. Given its prevalence, incidence and social impact, a better understanding of HF pathophysiology is paramount to implement more effective anti-HF therapies. Based on left ventricle (LV) performance, HF is currently classified as follows: (1) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF); (2) with mid-range EF (HFmrEF); and (3) with preserved EF (HFpEF). A central tenet of HFrEF pathophysiology is adrenergic hyperactivity, featuring increased sympathetic nerve discharge and a progressive loss of rhythmical sympathetic oscillations. The role of reflex mechanisms in sustaining adrenergic abnormalities during HFrEF is increasingly well appreciated and delineated. However, the same cannot be said for patients affected by HFpEF or HFmrEF, whom also present with autonomic dysfunction. Neural mechanisms of cardiovascular regulation act as "controller units," detecting and adjusting for changes in arterial blood pressure, blood volume, and arterial concentrations of oxygen, carbon dioxide and pH, as well as for humoral factors eventually released after myocardial (or other tissue) ischemia. They do so on a beat-to-beat basis. The central dynamic integration of all these afferent signals ensures homeostasis, at rest and during states of physiological or pathophysiological stress. Thus, the net result of information gathered by each controller unit is transmitted by the autonomic branch using two different codes: <i>intensity</i> and <i>rhythm</i> of sympathetic discharges. The main scope of the present article is to (i) review the key neural mechanisms involved in cardiovascular regulation; (ii) discuss how their dysfunction accounts for the hyperadrenergic state present in certain forms of HF; and (iii) summarize how sympathetic efferent traffic reveal central integration among autonomic mechanisms under physiological and pathological conditions, with a special emphasis on pathophysiological characteristics of HF.
Synthesis of colorless and high-refractive-index sulfoxide-containing polymers by the oxidation of poly(phenylene sulfide) derivatives (2022)

A series of poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) derivatives can be bleached while maintaining high refractive indices, by partially incorporating sulfoxide bonds through their m CPBA oxidation, owing to the loss of lone pairs around the sulfide atoms.
Growth Hormone Release in Response to Human Pancreatic Tumor Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone-40 in Children with Short Stature* (1984)

Forty children with short stature were evaluated for GH reserve after pharmacological tests and after a single iv injection of human pancreatic tumor GH-releasing hormone ((hpGRH-40). These children were grouped into four diagnostic categories: 1) idiopathic GH deficiency (n = 10); 2) organic hypopituitarism (n = 7); 3) intrauterine growth retardation (n = 5); and 4) constitutional delay of growth and/or familial short stature (n = 18), by standard clinical criteria and physiological and pharmacological tests of GH reserve. Venous blood was sampled for GH concentrations on 2 consecutive days: on day 1, after the iv administration of L-arginine (0.5 g/kg for 30 min) and oral administration of L-dopa (9 mg/kg), and on day 2, after the administration of hpGRH-40, 3.3 μg/kg, as an iv bolus. No GH-deficient patient in categories 1 or 2 increased his/her circulating GH concentration to more than 7 ng/ml after the arginine-L-dopa test; however, six children had marked GH responses after hpGRH-40 administration. As a group the lowest peak responses (mean ± SE) to GRH were found in the organic hypopituitary (3.4 ± 1.1 ng/ml) and in the idiopathic GH deficiency (8.2 ± 2.4 ng/ml) categories. All children in the intrauterine growth retardation and constitutional delay of growth (controls for the GH-deficient children) responded briskly to hpGRH-40, although there was wide variation of the peak GH levels (5–51 ng/ml). Circulating concentrations of somatomedin-C did not differ in subjects in any category 24 h after hpGRH-40 injection when compared to basal values. These data indicate that hpGRH-40 can be employed to evaluate GH reseve in short children and may be useful in the diagnosis of hypothalamicpituitary disorders.
Reduced Fecundity in Female Rats with Surgically Induced Endometriosis and in Their Daughters: A Potential Role for Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinase 11 (2008)

The cause of reduced fecundity in women with endometriosis is unknown. Expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) by both ectopic and eutopic endometrium reportedly has a role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. We hypothesize that anomalous endometriotic TIMP protein synthesis, secretion, and localization also cause reproductive pathologies resulting in reduced fecundity. An established rat model for endometriosis (Endo) compared with nonendometriotic controls (Shams) was used to investigate reduced fecundity in endometriosis. Comparing Endo and Sham rats, Endo rats had altered ovarian dynamics, including fewer ovarian follicles and corpora lutea with luteinized unruptured follicles. Furthermore, in vivo anomalies in postovulatory oocyte structure and preimplantation embryo development, including misaligned chromosomes, nuclear and cytoplasmic fragmentation, and delayed or arrested cleavage, as well as spontaneous abortions, were found only in Endo rats. A causative role for TIMP1 in these phenomena is supported by our findings that Endo rats have more TIMP1 in their peritoneal fluid as detected by ELISA and more TIMP1 immunolocalization in the theca of antral follicles as measured by computer-assisted morphometric analysis. These data suggest that in endometriosis the accumulation of TIMP1 disrupts the normal MMP/TIMP enzymatic milieu in the peritoneal cavity and negatively affects ovarian dynamics, oocyte quality, and preimplantation embryo development, thereby decreasing fecundity. Most intriguingly, daughters of Endo rats that had no experimental interventions exhibited these same reproductive abnormalities. We predict that developmental exposure to endometriosis leads to permanent epigenetic changes in subsequent generations.
Selective Accumulation of Mature DC-Lamp+ Dendritic Cells in Tumor Sites Is Associated with Efficient T-Cell-Mediated Antitumor Response and Control of Metastatic Dissemination in Melanoma (2004)

The clinical relevance of dendritic cells (DCs) at the tumor site remains a matter of debate concerning their role in the generation of effective antitumor immunity in human cancers. We performed a comprehensive immunohistochemical analysis using a panel of DC-specific antibodies on regressing tumor lesions and sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in melanoma patients. Here we show in a case report involving spontaneous regression of metastatic melanoma that the accumulation of DC-Lamp+ DCs, clustered with tumor cells and lymphocytes, is associated with local expansion of antigen-specific memory effector CTLs. These findings were extended in a series of 19 melanoma-positive SLNs and demonstrated a significant correlation between the density of DC-Lamp+ DC infiltrates in SLNs with the absence of metastasis in downstream lymph nodes. This study, albeit performed in a limited series of patients, points to a pivotal role of mature DCs in the local expansion of efficient antitumor T-cell-mediated immune responses at the initial sites of metastasis and may have important implications regarding the prognosis, staging, and immunotherapy of melanoma patients.
Etude des procédés d'ignifugation de substrats polymères par revêtements intumescents : application aux polyuréthanes (2001)

Older adults identify multiple factors influencing the interpretation of elder mistreatment. These factors may determine strategies for future EM intervention.
The Role of Endogenous Interleukin (IL)–18, IL‐12, IL‐1β, and Tumor Necrosis Factor–α in the Production of Interferon‐γ Induced byCandida albicansin Human Whole‐Blood Cultures (2002)

Despite the importance of interferon (IFN)-gamma, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interleukin (IL)-18 for host defense against candidiasis, the pathways leading to their stimulation by Candida albicans are unclear. In a whole-blood model, IL-18 neutralization by IL-18 binding protein decreased C. albicans-induced IFN-gamma synthesis by 72%. Similarly, neutralization of IL-12 or IL-1beta by either neutralizing antibodies or IL-1 receptor antagonist also reduced (by 65%) IFN-gamma production. Neutralization of TNF by TNF binding proteins resulted in only a 36% reduction of IFN-gamma synthesis. In contrast, production of TNF and IL-8 was largely unaffected by these cytokine inhibitors. Thus, C. albicans stimulates IFN-gamma production in an IL-18-, IL-12-, and IL-1beta-dependent manner, whereas production of TNF and IL-8 is independent of these cytokines. Blocking the biologic activities of IL-18, IL-12, and IL-1beta in patients (e.g., for treatment of autoimmune diseases) may result in increased susceptibility to C. albicans infection.
Silicon-micromachined spacers for UHF cavity resonators (2015)

This paper reports on a novel hybrid integration concept that enables the realization of high-quality (Q) factor, low-frequency coaxial cavity resonators with well-defined capacitive-loading and variable center frequency. It is based on a silicon-micromachined spacer that is mounted on top of a conventional CNC-machined metallic cavity to functionalize the resonator's capacitance. For the first time, it is demonstrated that low-frequency resonators with micrometer-scale gaps (10s of microns), relatively large Q-factor (459-505) and tunable response (18.5%) can be constructed without the need for post-fabrication tuning. To demonstrate these benefits, a resonator assembly was designed, built and experimentally tested at the UHF band and for a frequency tuning range between 1424-1711 MHz.