Abstract P2-19-01: Characterization of fully human internalizing anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies that compete with Trastuzumab for binding to HER2 (2023)

Abstract The human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family of receptors plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of several human cancers. Among them, HER2 is overexpressed in several cancers. In particular, overexpression with or without gene amplification occurs in 15-30% of breast cancers and this has both prognostic and predictive implications. HER2 overexpression and amplification is associated with shorter disease-free and overall survivals and with resistance to certain hormonal agents as well as increased risk of metastasis to the brain. Two types of treatment targeting HER2 biological activity have been developed: anti-Her2 monoclonal antibodies and small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as lapatinib and neratinib targeting HER2 and EGFR and Afatinib targeting all HER family members. Trastuzumab is a humanized anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody that binds to domain IV of HER2 extracellular segment and blocks its signaling. It is the first therapeutic antibody targeting Her2 overexpression approved by the FDA. It is administered in combination with standard of care chemotherapy. More recently, since it was shown that Trastuzumab was an internalizing antibody, two antibody drug conjugates using trastuzumab have been approved and used in the standard of care: Ado-Trastuzumab-Emtansine (Kadcyla) consisting of trastuzumab conjugated to the drug mertansine DM1 and fam-trastuzumab-deruxtecan-nhki (Enhertu). Enhertu is another antibody drug conjugate using Trastuzumab to deliver a topoisomerase inhibitor deruxtecan. Our laboratory has been focused in developing fully human internalizing anti-Her2 antibodies that compete or not with trastuzumab for binding to Her2. These antibodies have been developed by immunizing fully human mice with recombinant Her2 protein. Human Ab producing Tc mice (TC-mAb mice) stably maintain a mouse-derived engineered chromosome containing the entire human Ig heavy and kappa chain loci in a mouse Ig knockout background. After production of hybridoma secreting fully human immunoglobulins, the screening process included inhibition of binding of trastuzumab to Her2 by enzyme linked immunoassay and by Octet epitope binning as well as internalization assay. Several internalizing antibodies with Kd ranging from 10-9 M to 10-12 M were selected. They were stratified by their ability to compete or not with trastuzumab. They were further characterized for their ability to deliver a cytotoxic payload in Her2 overexpressing cells as well as for their efficacy to inhibit proliferation, signaling and migration of Her2 overexpressing breast cancer cells. Data related to these antibodies will be presented here. In conclusion, the use of fully human TC mice in our laboratory represents an attractive approach to develop fully human monoclonal antibodies to high value cancer targets that can by-pass the need for humanization and affinity maturation of antibodies. Citation Format: Ginette Serrero, Jianping Dong, Binbin Yue, Udaya Yerramalla, Jun Hayashi. Characterization of fully human internalizing anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies that compete with Trastuzumab for binding to HER2 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-19-01.