gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Facilitation of contrast detection by cross-oriented surround stimuli and its psychophysical mechanisms (2002)

Neurophysiological and psychophysical evidence indicates that neuronal surround modulation at cross-orientation (orthogonal to the preferred orientation of the classical receptive field) plays a key role in intermediate-level visual tasks, such as textural segregation and perceptual pop-out. What is missing is a psychophysical description of cross surround modulation at the spatial filter level in low-level vision. Moreover, neurophysiological evidence for how cross surround modulation is expressed at the neuronal level has been inconsistent. Here we report evidence for psychophysical facilitation of contrast detection by cross surround stimuli (orthogonal to the target orientation) that may provide insights into both the neurophysiology and psychophysics of cross surround modulation. We found that cross surround facilitation is a surround-contrast dependent effect mainly evident at low surround contrasts, and is narrowly tuned to spatial frequency and broadly tuned to orientation. To understand whether cross surround facilitation results from low-level processing of signal-to-noise enhancement or is due to uncertainty reduction at a higher-level decision stage, we (1) studied cross surround facilitation with an equivalent noise protocol, (2) estimated the changes in the slope of the psychometric function and the uncertainty parameter, M, and (3) measured cross surround effects at the dipper of the TvC function. The converging evidence suggests that cross surround facilitation of contrast detection is mainly a result of low-level signal-to-noise enhancement, and is little affected by uncertainty change.
Fluorescence diffuse optical tomography with functional and anatomicala prioriinformation: feasibility study (2007)

Fluorescence diffuse optical tomography (FT) is an emerging molecular imaging technique that can spatially resolve both fluorophore concentration and lifetime parameters. In this study, we investigate the performance of a frequency-domain FT system for small inclusions that are embedded in a heterogeneous background. The results demonstrate that functional and structural a priori information is crucial to be able to recover both parameters with high accuracy. The functional a priori information is defined by the absorption and scattering maps at both excitation and emission wavelengths. Similarly, the boundaries of the small inclusion and different regions in the background are utilized as the structural a priori information. Without a priori information, the fluorophore concentration of a 5 mm inclusion in a 40 mm medium is recovered with 50% error, while the lifetime cannot be recovered at all. On the other hand, when both functional and structural information are available, the true lifetime can be recovered and the fluorophore concentration can be estimated only with 5% error. This study shows that a hybrid system that can acquire diffuse optical absorption tomography (DOT), FT and anatomical images in the same setting is essential to be able to recover the fluorophore concentration and lifetime accurately in vivo.
Unsupervised clustering of series using dynamic programming (2021)

We are interested in clustering parts of a given single multi-variate series in an unsupervised manner. We would like to segment and cluster the series such that the resulting blocks present in each cluster are coherent with respect to a known model (e.g. physics model). Data points are said to be coherent if they can be described using this model with the same parameters. We have designed an algorithm based on dynamic programming with constraints on the number of clusters, the number of transitions as well as the minimal size of a block such that the clusters are coherent with this process. We present an use-case: clustering of petrophysical series using the Waxman-Smits equation.
Methodology to Quantify Impact of Package Delamination on Performance of High-Side Smart Power Switch Design (2020)

Abstract Generally, IC packages with exposed pads have excellent thermal and electrical performance – assuming high fidelity and integrity of die attach material. However, reliability challenges associated with die attach impacts electrical performance of vertical power FETs for high-side power switches. As such, it is critical to quantify the impact of these challenges on high-side power switches operation, so that their protection and diagnostic feature circuitries can be properly designed for mission critical applications. In this paper we present on a package and PCB co-modeling methodology that was developed to assess impact of die attach integrity on performance of high-side power switch designs. We explain how electrical co-optimization of the system (viz. FET-Package-PCB) interactions, was achieved through a coupled circuit-to-electromagnetic modeling, simulation, and analysis methodology. Silicon laboratory measurements data that validate the modeling methodology will be presented.
Diastereoselective Fluorocyclopropanation of Chiral Allylic Alcohols Using an α-Fluoroiodomethylzinc Carbenoid (2015)

Chiral fluorocyclopropyl carbinols were synthesized in high diastereoselectivities via a zinc mediated cyclopropanation reaction, using sec-allylic alcohols as simple building blocks. An enantioselective version of this transformation was achieved through in situ formation of chiral allylic zinc sec-alkoxides from the requisite aldehydes using Walsh's protocol.
Recombinant human antibodies to IFN-α from the immune repertoires of MG/thymoma donors (83.13) (2010)

Abstract A serum titer of autoantibodies to IFN-α has been reported in several autoimmune conditions and in many cases has been shown to neutralize IFN-α. The IFN-α antibody repertoire from 10 patients with autoimmune myasthenia gravis and associated thymoma (MG/T) was characterized. Surface IgG positive memory B-cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were cultured in 384-well plates to produce assayable quantities of antibody. Sensitive antibody microarray and AlphaScreen™ binding assays were used to identify antibodies reactive with IFN-α(2a). A range of IFN-α subtype specificity profiles was observed in competition assays for binding to the 12 subtypes of IFN-α. A subset of these antibodies was expressed recombinantly after recovery of heavy and light chain variable regions by RT-PCR and these recombinant antibodies recapitulated the activities demonstrated in the B-cell culture supernatants. These antibodies fell into 2 groups, blocking binding of IFN-α(2a) to either the IFNAR2 or IFNAR1 subunit of the Type 1 interferon receptor. The ability of these antibodies to neutralize the activity of IFN-α(2a) in a Daudi cell proliferation assay was confirmed. The antibody repertoires of MG/T patients include high affinity antibodies with both broad and narrow specificities for the different subtypes of IFN-α. These function-blocking human antibodies may have therapeutic utility in IFN-α dependent diseases such as SLE.
Novel Inter-Core Crosstalk Measurement Method Using a Loopback and Bidirectional OTDR Technique (2023)

Uncoupled multi-core fibers (MCFs) have been reported to increase transmission capacity. One of the issues of MCFs is inter-core crosstalk (XT), which deteriorates communication quality. Measurement of the amount of XT is essential; however, the measurement methods require a measurement system separate from that of standard single-mode fiber (SMF) measurements. In this paper, we propose a novel inter-core XT measurement method using a loopback and bidirectional optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR) technique. In this measurement, an OTDR is connected to the excitation core at one end of an MCF, and a dummy SMF is connected to the excitation and measured cores at another end. A measured OTDR waveform comprises an excitation core, a dummy SMF, and a measured core. Further, an XT peak appears at the midpoint of the measured OTDR waveform. An XT of homogeneous MCF can be easily calculated from their peak height. The fiber attenuation of excitation and measured cores can be calculated from these waveforms, and the amount of XT and fiber attenuation can be measured simultaneously. Furthermore, in this method, XT can be measured using only OTDR devices, which are the same measurement system as that of the standard SMF. We discussed the measurement mechanism and calculation method of XT amounts and compared the measured XT values with those obtained from the general measurement method using a power meter. We confirmed accurate measurements up to 80 km length of homogeneous MCF; however, the measured error increased when the length was close to the OTDR's noise level.
Electronic structures and spectra of trinuclear carbonyl complexes (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectronic structures and spectra of trinuclear carbonyl complexesDavid R. Tyler, Robert A. Levenson, and Harry B. GrayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 25, 7888–7893Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00493a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00493a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views345Altmetric-Citations97LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
An Evaluation of Patient Selection Criteria on Predicting Progression-Free Survival After Primary Focal Unilateral Nerve-Sparing Cryoablation for Prostate Cancer (2010)

Focal cryotherapy is a promising option for carefully selected patients, although optimization of inclusion criteria is required. Current selection criteria are associated with cancer-free survival. Given no accurate definitions for biochemical failure after focal cryotherapy exist combined with our high biochemical failure rate, mandating 12-month follow-up TRUS biopsy may improve accurate detection of cancer progression. Further follow up will determine optimal patient selection criteria and follow-up protocols for patients undergoing primary focal unilateral nerve-sparing prostate cancer treatment.
Junction Temperature Prediction of a Multiple-chip IGBT Module under DC Condition (2006)

This paper develops a thermal model for a six-pack insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) power module operating as a three phase voltage source inverter. With this model, the temperature of each chip can be derived directly from the losses of the silicon chips and a thermal impedance matrix. The losses of each chip can be calculated through the voltage and current information of the power module. The impedance model can be easily transferred into a micro-processor to predict the online chip temperatures. It largely increases the temperature accuracy when the inverter operates at zero or low output frequency. Theory analysis, simulation and experimental results are provided to verify the effectiveness of this model
PointShopAR: Supporting Environmental Design Prototyping Using Point Cloud in Augmented Reality (2023)

We present PointShopAR, a novel tablet-based system for AR environmental design using point clouds as the underlying representation. It integrates point cloud capture and editing in a single AR workflow to help users quickly prototype design ideas in their spatial context. We hypothesize that point clouds are well suited for prototyping, as they can be captured more rapidly than textured meshes and then edited immediately in situ on the capturing device. We based the design of PointShopAR on the practical needs of six architects in a formative study. Our system supports a variety of point cloud editing operations in AR, including selection, transformation, hole filling, drawing, morphing, and animation. We evaluate PointShopAR through a remote study on usability and an in-person study on environmental design support. Participants were able to iterate design rapidly, showing the merits of an integrated capture and editing workflow with point clouds in AR environmental design.
Multiple Hydrogen‐Bonded Supramolecular Polymers (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction General Concepts of Hydrogen-Bonding Motifs Hydrogen-Bonded Main-Chain Supramolecular Polymers From Supramolecular Polymers to Supramolecular Materials Future Perspectives References
Causes of Variability in Gear Fatigue Testing (2003)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Fatigue testing of actual components can produce considerable variation in the data. This seems to be especially true for higher strength case hardened components such as gears. Long term fatigue data on gears has shown there may be up to a 9:1 difference between the high and low cycle samples tested under the same conditions. This paper presents a systematic approach to determining some of the causes of this variation. Hypoid gear sets were dynamometer tested at 6 month intervals to determine the contribution of each cause. This study shows that the dynamometer test set up, the heat treatment of the gears, the cutting of the gear teeth, and the heat of steel used all contribute to the variability. Several metallurgical factors were also examined for a correlation to fatigue life.&lt;/div&gt;
Energy Absorption in Stitched Composite Sandwich Panels (1998)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The energy absorption characteristics of a stitched sandwich panel were investigated using experimental and analytical techniques. The structural stability aspects of the proposed mechanism were evaluated using the existing buckling and wrinkling theories. The effect of through-the-thickness stitches on the stability characteristics was investigated using finite element analysis. The configuration of the energy absorption mechanism was based on the stability analysis. The actual energy absorption process was characterized by conducting static crush tests. The experimental results indicated an increase in energy absorption capability with smaller stitch spacing and also resulted in smoother load deflection curves. A broad design guideline was developed for the design of a sandwich panel for energy absorption, based on stability analysis and experimental results.&lt;/div&gt;
Purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of human cystathionine β-synthase (2012)

Human cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) is a pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-dependent hemeprotein, whose catalytic activity is regulated by S-adenosylmethionine. CBS catalyzes the β-replacement reaction of homocysteine (Hcy) with serine to yield cystathionine. CBS is a key regulator of plasma levels of the thrombogenic Hcy and deficiency in CBS is the single most common cause of homocystinuria, an inherited metabolic disorder of sulfur amino acids. The properties of CBS enzymes, such as domain organization, oligomerization degree or regulatory mechanisms, are not conserved across the eukaryotes. The current body of knowledge is insufficient to understand these differences and their impact on CBS function and physiology. To overcome this deficiency, we have addressed the crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of a protein construct (hCBS516-525) that contains the full-length CBS from Homo sapiens (hCBS) and just lacks amino-acid residues 516-525, which are located in a disordered loop. The human enzyme yielded crystals belonging to space group I222, with unit-cell parameters a=124.98, b=136.33, c=169.83 Å and diffracting X-rays to a resolution of 3.0 Å. The crystal structure appears to contain two molecules in the asymmetric unit which presumably correspond to a dimeric form of the enzyme.
SENSITIVITY OF RADIOIMMUNODETECTION (RAID) USING Tc-99m LABELED MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY FRAGMENT LL2 IN B-CELL LYMPHOMA PATIENTS OF DIFFERENT GRADES AND STAGES (1994)

s: Fifth Conference on Radioimmunodetection and Radioimmunotherapy of Cancer: Sessions III & IV: Clinical Studies of Radioimmunodetection, I–II: PDF Only
A V-band AlGaAs/InGaAs heterojunction FET MMIC dielectric resonator oscillator (2005)

This paper reports a high performance V-band MMIC dielectric resonator oscillator (DRO). The DRO utilizing a 0.15 /spl mu/m gate AlGaAs/InGaAs heterojunction FET has exhibited stabilized oscillation with low phase noise of -88 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz off-carrier and the output power of 3.7 dBm at 55.135 GHz. The oscillation frequency stability of -1.9 ppm//spl deg/C was obtained with a dielectric resonator of +3.3 ppm//spl deg/C temperature coefficient.
Electrochemical conversion of coal-derived CO<sub>2</sub> into fuels and chemicals using a modified PEM electrolyzer. Final report (2021)

Opus 12 is developing an electrochemical process to convert CO2 into chemicals and fuels. Using only CO2, water, and electricity as inputs, the electrochemical reduction of CO2 could form the basis of an artificial carbon cycle that replaces a wide range of products that are currently derived from fossil fuel resources. We have developed a prototype that demonstrates high selectivity and current density for CO2 conversion to CO, which can be used to make high-value products including methanol, acetic acid, polymers, and pharmaceuticals.
Fluorine-Substitution in Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Inhibitors (CETPInhibitors) – Biology, Chemistry, SAR, and Properties (2004)

The inhibition of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) provides a method for the elevation of the high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level, i.e. the 'good' cholesterol. The expected anti-atherogenic effect of this approach is independent of the proven benefits of lowering the low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level, i.e. the 'bad' cholesterol. A medicinal chemistry project is presented starting from the first screening hit to the second generation development candidate. The structure–activity relationship, the syntheses and the role of fluorine during optimization, as well as the biological activities are discussed.
Magnetic materials, structures and processing for information storage: symposium held April 24-27, 2000, San Francisco, California, U.S.A. (2001)

The exponential growth in information technologies has resulted in an explosion in the need for data storage with increased speed and reliability. These requirements have caused rapid development of complex magnetic materials and structures. The rate of technology development has led to a situation where the performance envelope of new materials is not fully known until the materials are fabricated into devices. In response to this, the focus of this book, first published in 2001, is not only on magnetic materials, but also on techniques and technology associated with device fabrication. The work presented in this book effectively spans the range of the myriad of information storage research from concept to product. Topics include: patterned magnetic recording media; characterization of magnetic thin films and structures; magnetic tunnel junctions and spin-dependent transport; GMR and spin valves; media/GMR/CMR; writer materials and characteristics; and magnetic structure processing techniques.
Characterizing the “sweet spot” for the preservation of a T-cell line using osmolytes (2018)

This study examined the post-thaw recovery of Jurkat cells cryopreserved in single osmolyte solutions containing sucrose, glycerol or isoleucine, as well as in a combination of the three osmolytes. Cell response was determined using low temperature Raman Spectroscopy and variation in post-thaw recovery with composition was analyzed using statistical modeling. Post-thaw recovery of Jurkat cells in single osmolyte was low. A combination of the osmolytes displayed a non-linear relationship between composition and post-thaw recovery, suggesting that interactions exist between the different solutes. The post-thaw recovery for an optimized multicomponent solution was comparable to that observed using 10% dimethyl sulfoxide and a cooling rate of 1 °C/min. Statistical modeling was used to characterize the importance of each osmolyte in the combination and test for interactions between osmolytes. Higher concentrations of glycerol increase post-thaw recovery and interactions between sucrose and glycerol, as well as sucrose and isoleucine improve post-thaw recovery. Raman images clearly demonstrated that damaging intracellular ice formation was observed more often in the presence of single osmolytes as well as non-optimized multi-component solution compositions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 6‐Alkyl/Aryl quinazolino‐[3,2‐b][1,2,4]benzothiadiazine‐13(6H)‐one 11,11‐Dioxides. (1986)

Abstract All the title compounds (III) show mild to moderate analgesic and antiinflammatory activity and the highest inhibition of inflammation is exhibited by (IIIa).
Measurement of the polarisation of single top quarks and antiquarks produced in the $t$-channel at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV and bounds on the $tWb$ dipole operator from the ATLAS experiment (2022)

A simultaneous measurement of the three components of the top-quark and top-antiquark polarisation vectors in $t$-channel single-top-quark production is presented. This analysis is based on data from proton--proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$, collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Selected events contain exactly one isolated electron or muon, large missing transverse momentum and exactly two jets, one being $b$-tagged. Stringent selection requirements are applied to discriminate $t$-channel single-top-quark events from the background contributions. The top-quark and top-antiquark polarisation vectors are measured from the distributions of the direction cosines of the charged-lepton momentum in the top-quark rest frame. The three components of the polarisation vector for the selected top-quark event sample are $P_{x'} =0.01\pm0.18$, $P_{y'} = -0.029\pm0.027$, $P_{z'} =0.91\pm0.10$ and for the top-antiquark event sample they are $P_{x'} = -0.02\pm0.20$, $P_{y'} = -0.007\pm0.051$, $P_{z'} = -0.79\pm 0.16$. Normalised differential cross-sections corrected to a fiducial region at the stable-particle level are presented as a function of the charged-lepton angles for top-quark and top-antiquark events inclusively and separately. These measurements are in agreement with Standard Model predictions. The angular differential cross-sections are used to derive bounds on the complex Wilson coefficient of the dimension-six $\mathcal{O}_{tW}$ operator in the framework of an effective field theory. The obtained bounds are $C_{tW} \in\ [-0.9,1.4]$ and $C_{itW} \in [-0.8,0.2]$, both at 95% confidence level.
Isospecific Propylene Polymerization Using the [ArN(CH2)3NAr]TiCl2/Al(iBu)3/Ph3CB(C6F5)4 Catalyst System in the Presence of Cyclohexene (2001)

Propylene polymerization was carried out using the [ArN(CH2)3NAr]TiCl2 (Ar = 2,6-iPr2C6H3)/Al(iBu)3/Ph3CB(C6F5)4 catalyst system in the presence of cyclohexene. It was found that isospecific polymerization is promoted by adding cyclohexene even at low propylene concentration. It was also indicated that a considerable number of isospecific active species retain the metal-polymer bond. Based on this fact, isotactic poly(propylene)-block-poly(1-hexene) could be obtained.