gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measurement of the valence-band discontinuities for molecular organic semiconductor/inorganic semiconductor heterojunctions (1988)

Using the temperature dependence of the forward-biased current-voltage characteristics as well as internal photoemission, we directly measure the barrier potential and valence-band discontinuity energy (ΔEv ) of isotype heterojunctions formed between thin films of the crystalline organic semiconductor: 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) and p-Si. We find ΔEv =(0.50±0.02) eV. This, to our knowledge, is the first report of a measurement of a band discontinuity energy between a crystalline organic semiconductor and an inorganic semiconductor. These results are consistent with predictions of a current model involving diffusion and drift in the organic-on-inorganic (OI) semiconductor device. This model is employed to calculate ΔEv using previously obtained barrier energies for several different PTCDA/inorganic semiconductor devices. In all cases, values of the barrier diffusion potential and ΔEv are considerably smaller than apparent barrier energies obtained previously using pure thermionic emission theory to explain transport of charge over the OI barrier.
Stable propagation of non-Gaussian beams in a multiple-pass cell (1997)

To apply annular output beams emitted from an unstable resonator to a multiple-pass cell (MPC) for Raman conversion, we studied the mode-matching condition of non-Gaussian beams to a MPC using beam propagation analysis based on Laguerre-Gaussian functions. During transits of the MPC, the radial profile of an annular beam changes between annular and Airy patterns. Although such behavior indicates that it is impossible to achieve complete mode matching of an annular beam, we found a quasi-mode-matching condition under which the variation of beam size was minimized. The above theoretical analysis was verified experimentally using a CO(2) laser beam prepared for a para-hydrogen Raman laser.
<title>Feature extraction of clouds from GOES satellite data for integrated model measurement visualization</title> (1996)

We process multispectral satellite imagery to load into our environmental database on the UCSC/NPS/MBARI-REINAS project. We have developed methods for segmenting GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite) images that take advantage of the multispectral data available. Our algorithm performs classification of different types of clouds, as well as characterization of the cloud elevations. The resulting information is used to incorporate the texture mapped satellite imagery into a combined model/measurement visualization. The approximate cloud elevations, types, and opacities are used to develop a three-dimensional model of the cloud for use in visualization. Discrete Karhunen-Loeve transformations, or Hotelling transformations, are used to calculate the principle components from the multispectral data. The accurate segmentation and feature extraction of the clouds assists in validation and evaluation of atmospheric prediction models with true remotely sensed data. We demonstrate the integrated measurement model visualization with an open GL application using texture mapping. The spectral data is also used to control the free parameters in the texture mapping of the modeled clouds. We are working on further improvements to develop novel compression techniques utilizing the KLT with segmentation and feature extraction, and also hope to develop algorithms that visualize the compressed imagery directly.
A novel derivative of decursin, CSL‐32, blocks migration and production of inflammatory mediators and modulates PI3K and NF‐κB activities in HT1080 cells (2012)

Decursin and related coumarin compounds in herbal extracts have a number of biological activities against inflammation, angiogenesis and cancer. We have analysed a derivative of decursin (CSL-32) for activity against inflammatory activation of cancer cells, such as migration, invasion and expression of pro-inflammatory mediators. The human fibrosarcoma cell line, HT1080, was treated with TNFα (tumour necrosis factor α) in the presence or absence of CSL-32. The cellular responses and modification of signalling adapters were analysed with respect to the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, as also migration, adhesion and invasion. Treatment of HT1080 cells with CSL-32 inhibited their proliferation, without affecting cell viability, and TNFα-induced expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9) and IL-8 (interleukin-8). CSL-32 also suppressed phosphorylation and degradation of IκB (inhibitory κB), phosphorylation of p65 subunit of NF-κB (nuclear factor-κB) and nuclear translocation of NF-κB, which are required for the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators. In addition, CSL-32 inhibited invasion and migration of HT1080 cells, as also cellular adhesion to fibronectin, an ECM (extracellular matrix) protein. CSL-32 treatment resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) activity, required for the cellular migration. The analyses show that CSL-32 inhibits processes associated with inflammation, such as the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, as well as adhesion, migration and invasion in HT1080 cells.
Molecular and Cellular Concepts in Toxicology (2009)

Abstract Toxins and toxicants that modify cellular or molecular processes can have repercussions throughout the organism. These interactions can be common to all cell types, or may reflect unique targets or unique bioactivations that are to be found in limited subpopulations of cells. The consequences of these modifications will produce a host of different changes. These changes can be characterized by measurements of transcription factor activity, gene expression at the RNA or protein level, by cellular molecular responses that attempt to re‐establish homoeostasis, and by the consequences to cellular organelle structure and function. This chapter provides an overview of the inter‐relationships between toxicant effect and cellular response, and also describes current technologies that can be used to assess the myriad of changes that may characterize toxin and toxicant exposure at the molecular and cellular levels.
Odoriferous Cyclic Ethers via Co‐Halogenation Reaction: Facile Preparation of Nerol Oxide, Florol®, Florol® Methyl Ether, and Pityol® Methyl Ether (2007)

Abstract A series of odoriferous cyclic ethers, including nerol oxide ( 1 ), Florol ® ( 2 ), Florol methyl ether ( 3 ), and Pityol ® methyl ether ( 4b ), were prepared by a versatile synthetic protocol based on co‐halogenation with 1,3‐dibromo‐5,5‐dimethylhydantoin (= 1,3‐dibromo‐5,5‐dimethylimidazolidine‐2,4‐dione; DDH) as the key step. The methodology provides a facile access to important perfumery molecules from abundantly available monoterpene alcohols.
Detection of immunoglobulin gene rearrangement of B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and leukemias in fresh, unfixed and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue by polymerase chain reaction. (1993)

Our results suggest that the monoclonality of human neoplastic B cells can be efficiently evaluated by PCR equally well from fresh, unfixed and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. This technique should prove to be a powerful tool in clinical diagnosis and research as well as in the retrospective analysis of archival pathologic specimens.
Total Dose Radiation Effects on Silicon MESFET Circuits (1983)

Silicon MESFET technology is an attractive candidate for a gamma dose hard FET technology suitable for digital logic and sRAM circuits. This paper describes the results of an evaluation of the total dose hardness of Si MESFET circuits of sufficient density, performance, and complexity to allow prediction of the performance of Si MESFET LSI circuits. A simple approach to harden the isolation is demonstrated. Gamma total dose tests show the technology to be radiation hard to at least 106 rad (Si) without any observed degradation.
Pseudocapacitive and Ion‐Insertion Materials: A Bridge between Energy Storage, Electronics and Neuromorphic Computing (2021)

Abstract There is considerable interest in new solid‐state materials for many applications, from energy storage to electronics and neuromorphic computing. This concept paper highlights how pseudocapacitive and ion‐insertion materials, for their inherent capability of storing charge and modulate electron conduction, represent a bridge between energy storage, electronics and neuromorphic computing and enable the design of new device architectures.
Heparin binding epidermal growth factor like growth factor (HB) is a promising target for human cancer therapy. (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

5511 

[Introduction]We have demonstrated that HB plays a pivotal role in tumorgenicity in ovarian cancer. To explore the possibility that HB can be recognized as a target molecule for other cancers, we investigated the primacy of HB expression among EGFR ligands and antitumor effects of a specific inhibitor against HB, CRM197, on nude mice in a variety of human cancer cells.[Method]Human Ovarian cancer (5 cell lines), cervical adenocarcinoma (2 cell lines), endometrial cancer (3 cell lines), breast cancer (4 cell lines),gastric cancer (2 cell lines), lung cancer (5 cell lines), and malignant melanoma (3 cell lines) were used. Each mRNA expression level of seven EGFR ligands, including HB, EGF, amphiregulin, TGF alpha, epiregulin, betacellulin, epigen, EGFR, and GAPDH was examined by real-time quantitative PCR. To determine the mRNA expression levels of EGFR ligands and EGFR, we used the mRNA expression index (EI), which is a relative mRNA expression level standardized by GAPDH. The mRNA EI was calculated as follows: mRNA EI = (copy numbers of each EGFR ligand or EGFR mRNA/copy numbers of GAPDH mRNA) × 105 arbitrary units. To assess the antitumor effect of CRM 197, CRM 197 was injected intraperitoneally into tumor-bearing mice every week (50mg/kg/week ), when each human cancer cell (5×106cells) was subcutaneously inoculated on nude mice at 5 weeks of age and each tumor volume was over 70 mm3. Each tumor volume was estimated from two dimensional tumor measurements,tumor volume(mm3) = length ×width2/2. The values for each EGFR ligands and tumor volume were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.[Result]Expression indices of HB showed more than 5∼10 times, compared with the expression of other EGFR ligands in all the cells except for lung cancer cells. The predominant expression of EGFR ligand in common was not found only in lung cancer cells. However, the second highest expressed molecule among EGFR ligands was not always identical in all the cancer cells. Expression of EGFR was detected in all the cancer cells. In 3 cell lines of ovarian cancers, one cell line of breast cancer, 3 cell lines of gastric cancer, and one cell line of malignant melanoma, a tumor formation was confirmed on nude mice after inoculation of cells. In the administration of CRM197, the tumor volume on treated mice was significantly reduced, compared to that on untreated mice in ovarian (3 cell lines), breast (one cell line), gastric (3 cell lines) cancer, and malignant melanoma (one cell line). However, there was no significant difference in the tumor volume between the treatment and untreatment of CRM197 in both lung cancer cells. Taken together, these results suggested that HB may be involved in tumor formation of many human cancers.[Conclusion]HB is recognized as a promising target molecule for a variety of human cancers, and CRM 197 is a possibly useful tool for cancer therapy.
Dual-polarization multi-band OFDM versus single-carrier DP-QPSK for 100 Gb/s long-haul WDM transmission over legacy infrastructure (2013)

The transmission performance of coherent dual-polarization multi-band OFDM (DP-MB-OFDM) and QPSK (DP-QPSK) are experimentally compared for 100 Gb/s long-haul transport over legacy infrastructure combining G.652 fiber and 10 Gb/s WDM system. It is shown that DP-MB-OFDM and DP-QPSK have nearly the same performance at 100 Gb/s after transmission over a 10 × 100-km fiber line. Furthermore, the origin of performance degradations and limitations of the DP-MB-OFDM is explored numerically, as well as the impact of transmission distance and sub-band spacing.
Sialidase Activity in Rimantadine-Resistant and -SensitiveInfluenza A Viruses (1990)

Rimantadine-resistant and -sensitive influenza A variants were assayed for their sialidase (neuraminidase, EC 3.2.1.18) activity. The kinetic parameters determined (pH optimum, stability against different pH values, thermal stability, activity on methylumbelliferyl-alpha-D-N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-acetylneuraminyl-lactose, fetuin and bovine submandibular gland mucin as substrates, Km with the former substrate, inhibition by two competitive inhibitors, and behavior towards amantadine) revealed the same results for both variants of the virus. Thus, it can be deduced that resistance to rimantadine does not influence the sialidase activity of influenza A virus.
Supplementary Figure Legends from Local and Systemic Protumorigenic Effects of Cancer-Associated Fibroblast-Derived GDF15 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 85KB&lt;/p&gt;
Apelin expression deficiency in mice contributes to vascular stiffening by extracellular matrix remodeling of the aortic wall (2021)

Numerous recent studies have shown that in the continuum of cardiovascular diseases, the measurement of arterial stiffness has powerful predictive value in cardiovascular risk and mortality and that this value is independent of other conventional risk factors, such as age, cholesterol levels, diabetes, smoking, or average blood pressure. Vascular stiffening is often the main cause of arterial hypertension (AHT), which is common in the presence of obesity. However, the mechanisms leading to vascular stiffening, as well as preventive factors, remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the consequences of apelin deficiency on the vascular stiffening and wall remodeling of aorta in mice. This factor freed by visceral adipose tissue, is known for its homeostasic role in lipid and vascular metabolisms, or again in inflammation. We compared the level of metabolic markers, inflammation of white adipose tissue (WAT), and aortic wall remodeling from functional and structural approaches in apelin-deficient and wild-type (WT) mice. Apelin-deficient mice were generated by knockout of the apelin gene (APL-KO). From 8 mice by groups, aortic stiffness was analyzed by pulse wave velocity measurements and by characterizations of collagen and elastic fibers. Mann-Whitney statistical test determined the significant data (p < 5%) between groups. The APL-KO mice developed inflammation, which was associated with significant remodeling of visceral WAT, such as neutrophil elastase and cathepsin S expressions. In vitro, cathepsin S activity was detected in conditioned medium prepared from adipose tissue of the APL-KO mice, and cathepsin S activity induced high fragmentations of elastic fiber of wild-type aorta, suggesting that the WAT secretome could play a major role in vascular stiffening. In vivo, remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM), such as collagen accumulation and elastolysis, was observed in the aortic walls of the APL-KO mice, with the latter associated with high cathepsin S activity. In addition, pulse wave velocity (PWV) and AHT were increased in the APL-KO mice. The latter could explain aortic wall remodeling in the APL-KO mice. The absence of apelin expression, particularly in WAT, modified the adipocyte secretome and facilitated remodeling of the ECM of the aortic wall. Thus, elastolysis of elastic fibers and collagen accumulation contributed to vascular stiffening and AHT. Therefore, apelin expression could be a major element to preserve vascular homeostasis.
PipeRench implementation of the instruction path coprocessor (2000)

T his pape r de monstrates how an Ins truction Path Copr ocessor (I-COP) can be efficiently implemented using the P ipeRench reconfigurable architecture. An I-COP is a progr ammable on-chip coprocessor that operates on the core pr ocessor's instructions to tr ansform them into a new format t hat can be more efficiently executed. The I-COP can be us ed to implement many sophisticated hardware code modif ication techniques. We show how four specific techniques c an be map ped to t he P ipeRench pi pelined c omputation mode l. The experimental results show that a PipeRench I-COP used to perform trace construction and trace optimiz ations for a tr ace c ache fi ll unit not o nly ac hieves goo d pe rformance gai ns but can p otentially be impl emented i n le ss than 10 mm 2 (assuming 0.18 micron technology) or appr oximately 3% of the die area of a current high-end micropr ocessor. W e be lieve these r esults d emonstrate the us efulness and feasibility of the I-COP concept.
Consensus Bioactive Conformation of Cyclic GnRH Antagonists Defined by NMR and Molecular Modeling (2000)

Little is known of the conformation of peptide hormones as they interact with their receptors for a number of reasons: peptide hormones are notoriously flexible in solution, their receptors are particularly complex, and there is strong evidence that receptor-ligand interaction leading to activation is a dynamic process. Insights into the active conformation of the decapeptide gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) have been obtained previously from the solution structures of four constrained GnRH antagonists ¿cyclo(1-10)[Ac-Delta(3)-Pro(1),DCpa(2),DTrp(3,6),NMeLeu+ ++(7), betaAla(10)]GnRH (1), cyclo(4-10)[Ac-Delta(3)Pro(1),DFpa(2),DTrp(3), Asp(4),DNal(6),Dpr(10)]GnRH (2), dicyclo(4-10/5-8)[Ac-DNal(1), DCpa(2),DTrp(3),Asp(4),Glu(5),DArg(6),Lys(8),Dpr (10)]GnRH (3), and dicyclo(4-10/5-5'-8)[Ac-DNal(1),DCpa(2),DPal(3), Asp(4),Glu(5)(Gly), DArg(6),Dbu(8),Dpr(10)]GnRH (4)¿. However, the precise location of the N-terminal tripeptide in the highly potent (K(i) < 0.4 nM) 2-4 remained unclear due to the lack of constraints in this region. The NMR structure of the newly discovered and potent (K(i) = 0.24 nM) dicyclo(1-1'-5/4-10)[Ac-Glu(1)(Gly),DCpa(2),DTrp(3),As p(4),Dbu(5), DNal(6),Dpr(10)]GnRH (5) now allows the definition of the conformation of this region. A combined computational analysis (consensus forcing) of compounds 2-5, designed to explore the common conformations available to them that are simultaneously consistent with the NMR data corresponding to each compound, leads to a consensus structural model for the GnRH pharmacophore. This model shares some common features with the structure of the nonpeptidic GnRH mimetic T-98475. In the course of that comparative study, two additional contact points to those proposed by the authors are identified, suggesting that this model has predictive value.
Combined Experimental and Modeling Study of Spatial Effects in Plasma Etching:  CF 4 /  O 2 Etching of Silicon (1990)

A combined experimental and modeling study of uniformity in plasma etching of silicon is presented. The model includes detailed treatment of transport (including diffusion) and chemical kinetics. Experimental measurements of spatial variations in active species concentrations are made by spatially resolved actinometry; spatial variations in etch rates are also measured. The effect of flow rate and feed composition on etch rate uniformity is examined. Model predictions are in good agreement with observations. Diffusion and free radical recombination reactions play an important role in commercial size systems. The insight gained through the model is used to point out a pitfall in the interpretation of actinometry data. The applicability of the model as a design tool is demonstrated.
Torsion Characteristics on Drive Shaft of Independent Wheel Drive for Articulated Vehicle (2013)

The drive shaft of the bi-modal tram has been designed and built into independent wheel drive; all driving wheels are driven by electric motor-gearbox sets independently, in order to make low floor to provide the old and the handicapped with easy access, and to remove differential gears to reduce turning radius. This paper was aimed to evaluate torques on drive shafts while the bi-modal tram was running on slope way in the test track, and at maximum speed in public roadway. On the basis of the torques measured on the drive shafts, torsion characteristics of the independent wheel drive were discussed in this paper.
777 Personalized DNA vaccine in combination with plasmid encoded IL-12 for the treatment of a patient with anaplastic astrocytoma (2021)

<h3>Background</h3> Tumor neoantigens are epitopes derived from tumor-specific mutations. Such mutations can be incorporated in personalized vaccines to prime T cell responses against tumor specific antigens. DNA vaccines delivered with electroporation have recently shown strong CD8 and CD4 T cell responses in clinical trials. In preclinical studies, DNA-encoded neoantigen vaccines have shown induction of CD8 T cells against 50% of predicted high affinity epitopes with the ability to impact tumor growth. <h3>Methods</h3> Two resection samples from a patient with IDH+ MGMT-methylated anaplastic astrocytoma were subject to whole exome and transcriptome sequencing. Epitopes derived from 27 neoantigens and 3 shared tumor-associated antigens were prioritized and included in a personalized vaccine. The patient was treated with surgery, radiotherapy and temozolomide starting June 2018 and received the first dose of the personalized vaccine in June 2019 under a compassionate use single patient IND application with the FDA. <h3>Results</h3> As of July 23rd, 2021, the patient has received 11 doses of the DNA personalized vaccine. No serious adverse events have been reported. Related adverse events are limited to grade 1 injection site reactions. The patient remains progression-free 37 months after surgery and 25 months after starting vaccination. Three weeks following the 3rd dose, a hyperintense image on the tumor bed was identified, which disappeared on the following MRI, 2 weeks following dose 5, being catalogued as pseudo progression. Ex vivo ELISpot have identified T cell responses to 28/30 epitopes (93.3%), including 25/27 (92.6%) neoantigens and 3/3 (100%) shared antigens. Flow cytometry analysis has determined that T cell responses are 92.3% CD8 and 69.2% CD4 (30.8% CD8 only; 61.5% both CD8 and CD4; and 7.7% CD4 only). <h3>Conclusions</h3> This compassionate use treatment in an adjuvant setting demonstrates manufacturing feasibility, safety, tolerability, immunogenicity, and suggests potential for persistent clinical response of DNA encoded personalized vaccines. The data supports further investigation of DNA-encoded personalized vaccines into newly diagnosed high-grade gliomas. <h3>Ethics Approval</h3> The study was approved by Washington University9s IRB. The participant gave informed consent before taking part in the study.
Intelligent Video for Protecting Crowded Sports Venues (2009)

Intelligent video in urban settings can be challenging due the presence of crowds, clutter, poor camera placement and continuously changing light conditions. The surveillance of sports venues is particularly difficult, because thousands of people can enter or exit a venue in short periods of time. This paper presents a case study of successfully monitoring a sports venue using a multi-camera multi-target tracking system. The system performed site-wide tracking throughout a network of calibrated cameras and was able to accurately track thousands of people in real-time under challenging conditions. The extracted tracking information was used to detect a range of real-time events such as crowd formation, left luggage, and loitering. In addition all video,track and event information was indexed and stored to allow operators to perform playback and forensic search. This paper will present an overview of the deployed system and discuss the challenges that were encountered during the deployment.