gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hepatocyte Growth Factor Prevented High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Improved Insulin Resistance in Mice (2017)

Obesity and its associated chronic inflammation in adipose tissue initiate insulin resistance, which is related to several pathologies including hypertension and atherosclerosis. Previous reports demonstrated that circulating hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) level was associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, its precise role in obesity and related-pathology is unclear. In this experiment, cardiac-specific over-expression of human HGF in mice (HGF-Tg mice) which showed 4-5 times higher serum HGF levels than wild-type mice were used. While body weight in wild-type mice fed with high fat diet (HFD) for 14 weeks was significantly increased accompanied with insulin resistance, HGF-Tg mice prevented body weight gain and insulin resistance. The accumulation of macrophages and elevated levels of inflammatory mediators in adipose tissue were significantly inhibited in HGF-Tg mice as compared to wild-type mice. The HFD-induced obesity in wild-type mice treated with HGF-neutralizing antibody showed an exacerbated response to the glucose tolerance test. These gain-of-function and loss-of-function studies demonstrated that the elevated HGF level induced by HFD have protective role against obesity and insulin resistance.
Electro-optical silicon isolator (2011)

We create a non-magnetic CMOS-compatible optical isolator on a silicon chip. The isolator is based on indirect interband photonic transition, induced by electrically-driven dynamic refractive index modulation. We demonstrate an electrically-induced non-reciprocity: the transmission coefficients between two single-mode waveguides become dependent on the propagation directions only in the presence of the electrical drive. The contrast ratio between forward and backward directions exceeds 30dB in simulations. We experimentally observe a strong contrast (up to 3 dB) limited only by our electrical setup, for a continuous-wave (CW) optical signal. Importantly, the device is linear with respect to signal light. The observed contrast ratio is independent of the timing, the format, the amplitude and the phase of the input signal.
Assessment of the Physical Interface of UHF Passive Tags for Localization (2007)

Abstract- This paper looks into the possibilities for localization of RFID tags, within the interrogator read field, using native technology features. As there are several standards, essentially different in the underlying physical principles, only passive UHF tags, compliant with ISO18000-6/GEN2 are considered. Considering the established communication format, first a simple reader array is proposed, implementing activation separation. The array is simulated to optimize performance.Then an experimental set-up is built to assess the suggested, antenna configuration. The results from this activation field tests, are compared with a typical commercial implementation. A channel sounder is then used to measure the responses of the two antenna arrays, using an actual tag antenna, with the chip removed. Most typical situations are considered, including deterministic shape objects and random shape objects, as well as different tag positions and polarizations. Finally a simple signal processing algorithm, that determines the positions of passing tags, is applied to the measured data. An order of wavelength accuracy is achieved. I.
Toward Energy-Efficient 5G Wireless Communications Technologies: Tools for decoupling the scaling of networks from the growth of operating power (2014)

The densification and expansion of wireless networks pose new challenges on energy efficiency. With a drastic increase of infrastructure nodes (e.g. ultradense deployment of small cells), the total energy consumption may easily exceed an acceptable level. While most studies focus on the energy radiated by the antennas, the bigger part of the total energy budget is actually consumed by the hardware (e.g., coolers and circuit energy consumption). The ability to shut down infrastructure nodes (or parts of it) or to adapt the transmission strategy according to the traffic will therefore become an important design aspect of energy-efficient wireless ?architectures. Network infrastructure should be ?regarded as a resource that can be occupied or released on demand, and the modeling and optimization of such systems are highly nontrivial problems. In particular, elements of the network infrastructure should be released by taking into account traffic forecasts to avoid losing the required coverage and capacity. However, even if traffic profiles were perfectly known, the determination of the elements to be released is complicated by the potential interference coupling between active elements and the sheer size of the optimization problems in dense networks.
ROR1 expression as a biomarker for predicting prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer (2017)

There is a lack of reliable prognosis biomarker in the current treatment of colorectal cancer. The receptor-tyrosine-kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) is overexpressed and associated with poor prognosis in certain tumors. This study aimed to explore the prognostic significance of ROR1 in colorectal cancer. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of ROR1 in colorectal cancer was significantly higher than that in the adjacent normal tissues. ROR1 expression was positively associated with the clinical stage and lymph-node metastasis (p < 0.01). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that patients with higher ROR1 expression had a significantly shorter overall survival (p < 0.01). Multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed that ROR1 is an independent prognostic marker in colorectal cancer (p = 0.002, HR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.314-3.292). Thus, our study demonstrated that ROR1 expression is correlated with malignant attributes and may serve as a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target for colorectal cancer.
Progress in SiGe Technology Toward Fully Integrated mmWave ICs (2006)

We described newly developed, enhanced technology and enablement features that lead to state of the art mmwave ICs capable of meeting Gbps speeds required of emerging applications. Die photographs of the Rx and Tx are shown in (Floyd, 2006). The die sizes are 3.4times1.7mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and 4.0times1.6mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , respectively
Solution‐Phase Parallel Synthesis of 115 Homosilatecan Analogues. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A gridless routing algorithm based on routability evaluation. (1990)

have made PWB layout complicated . Increasing connections between a lot of surface mounted devices (SMD's) make it difficult to apply conventional routing algorithms, such as maze running or line-search algorithm . Since they search and fix each net path one by one, they cannot achieve sufficient performance . This paper describes a gridless routing system, which evaluates influences of all nets including unrouted nets. This system also employs hierarchical routing process for bus net routing . Experimental results have shown the effectiveness of this system .
On the fairness and stability of the reverse-link MAC layer in cdma2000 1/spl times/EV-DO (2004)

We investigate the fairness of two reverse-link MAC algorithms in cdma2000 1/spl times/EV-DO high rate packet data systems. Following the framework proposed by Kelly for Internet congestion-control, we formulate a utility maximization problem and provide a simple sufficient condition for both algorithms to converge to the solution of this problem. Furthermore, we identify that the solution of this problem corresponds to the equal throughput fairness criteria, i.e., all the access terminals have equivalent throughput at the equilibrium.
Cluster-based network model for time-course gene expression data (2006)

We propose a model-based approach to unify clustering and network modeling using time-course gene expression data. Specifically, our approach uses a mixture model to cluster genes. Genes within the same cluster share a similar expression profile. The network is built over cluster-specific expression profiles using state-space models. We discuss the application of our model to simulated data as well as to time-course gene expression data arising from animal models on prostate cancer progression. The latter application shows that with a combined statistical/bioinformatics analyses, we are able to extract gene-to-gene relationships supported by the literature as well as new plausible relationships.
Microwave properties of traveling-wave electrodes in LiNbO/sub 3/ electrooptic modulators (1993)

The microwave characteristics of a traveling-wave electrode in electrooptic modulators on z-cut LiNbO/sub 3/ crystals with buffer layers with various dielectric constants are calculated by a quasi-TEM analysis. The theoretical results are compared with the measured results on z-cut crystals for coplanar waveguide (CPW) electrodes. The agreement between the calculated and the measured results is good.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Impact of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) Relapsing After T Cell Depleted Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (SCT) (2011)

Abstract Abstract 2762 Although SCT is now uncommon treatment for CML, many patients transplanted for CML have become long term survivors and some continue to relapse late post transplant. It is therefore important to evaluate the management of relapse in CML transplant survivors in the era of TKI treatment. We studied 112 patients with Ph+ CML who underwent HLA identical sibling SCT between 1993 to 2008. The mean age was 36 years (range 13–69). Eighty (71%) were in chronic phase, 17 in accelerated phase, 5 in second chronic phase and 10 in blastic phase. Ninety-nine (88%) received myeloablative conditioning regimen with cyclophosphamide +/− fludarabine and total body irradiation and 13 received a non-myeloablative regimen. GVHD prophylaxis was with cyclosporine. Bone marrow or G-CSF mobilized peripheral blood stem cells from the donor were manipulated to achieve 4-log CD3+ cell reduction ex vivo. Peripheral blood BCR-ABL p210 product was regularly monitored by either double nested PCR (until 2003) or real time PCR (2003 to present). For molecular relapse, patients received donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) with or without imatinib 400–600mg/day. Patients with hematological relapse received a variety of treatments including second SCT. At a median follow up of 6.2 years, 10 year-relapse free survival and overall survival were 34% and 57% respectively. Overall 49 (43.8%) patients relapsed, 28 with molecular and 22 with hematological relapse. Median time to relapse from HSCT was 379 days (range 16–3718 days). Overall survival was not significantly different between relapsed patients and non-relapsed patients. (10-year OS: 59 % vs 55%, P=0.385). Thirty-five relapsed patients (71.4%) were treated with TKI based therapy. Overall survival after relapse was significantly better after TKI based therapy compared to non-TKI based therapy. (5-year survival after relapse: 78% vs 36%, P=0.004 respectively). The benefit of TKI was greater in hematological relapse (median survival after hematological relapse 1182 days in TKI based vs 72 days in others P=0.025). At 7 years median follow up after relapse, 27 (96.4%) patients with molecular relapse are alive in major molecular remission and 20 (71%) no longer receive TKI. These results show that the outlook for relapse after SCT for CML is favorable in the TKI treatment era and that combination of TKI and DLI can achieve long-term disease free survival post relapse.Figure 1.Overall survival: relapse versus no relapseFigure 1. Overall survival: relapse versus no relapseFigure 2.Overall survival after relapse: TKI based therapy versus othersFigure 2. Overall survival after relapse: TKI based therapy versus others Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Topological magnetoplasmon (2016)

Classical wave fields are real-valued, ensuring the wave states at opposite frequencies and momenta to be inherently identical. Such a particle-hole symmetry can open up new possibilities for topological phenomena in classical systems. Here we show that the historically studied two-dimensional (2D) magnetoplasmon, which bears gapped bulk states and gapless one-way edge states near-zero frequency, is topologically analogous to the 2D topological p+ip superconductor with chiral Majorana edge states and zero modes. We further predict a new type of one-way edge magnetoplasmon at the interface of opposite magnetic domains, and demonstrate the existence of zero-frequency modes bounded at the peripheries of a hollow disk. These findings can be readily verified in experiment, and can greatly enrich the topological phases in bosonic and classical systems.
Interplay between exchange biasing and interlayer exchange coupling in Ni80Fe20/Cu/Ni80Fe20/Fe50Mn50 layered systems (1994)

Magnetoresistance curves have been measured for 80 Å Ni80Fe20/tCu Cu/60 Å Ni80Fe20/80 Å Fe50Mn50 layered systems (tCu=9–93 Å). After separating the contributions from anisotropic magnetoresistance and spin valve or ‘‘giant’’ magnetoresistance (GMR), the GMR curves were interpreted in terms of a minimum-energy model for the magnetization orientation of the Ni80Fe20 layers. The interlayer exchange coupling was found to be purely ferromagnetic, and monotonically decreasing with increasing tCu. The interplay of this coupling with the exchange biasing effect results in a critical interlayer thickness, tcritCu=15 Å, below which no perfect antiparallel alignment of the Ni80Fe20 magnetizations can be realized. The GMR, which would otherwise increase with decreasing Cu layer thickness, is therefore expected to reach a maximum at or slightly below tcritCu. Indeed, such a maximum was found (with ΔR/R=4.3%) at tCu=22 Å, a value well above tcritCu. This is attributed to the occurence of inhomogeneities in the interlayer exchange coupling.
The synergistic effect of Citrus bergamia and Cynara cardunculus extracts on vascular inflammation and oxidative stress in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (2020)

Serum measurements and liver ultrasound analyses showed that concomitant administration of BPF and CyC produced significant improvement of NAFLD biomarkers in patients with T2DM. This effect was associated with a substantial reduction of oxidative stress/inflammatory biomarkers, thus contributing to a significant improvement of NO-mediated reactive vasodilation. Furthermore, the effect of Bergacyn showed a synergistic effect of both extracts, thus suggesting that this peculiar formulation represents a novel therapeutic strategy to counteract vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in patients suffering from T2DM and NAFLD. Further studies in larger cohort of diabetic patients are required to better identify the potential of Bergacyn on metabolic disorders accompanying T2DM and NAFLD.
Unusually Dense Crystal Packings of Ellipsoids (2004)

In this Letter, we report on the densest-known packings of congruent ellipsoids. The family of new packings consists of crystal arrangements of spheroids with a wide range of aspect ratios, and with density phi always surpassing that of the densest Bravais lattice packing phi approximately equal to 0.7405. A remarkable maximum density of phi approximately equal to 0.7707 is achieved for maximal aspect ratios larger than sqrt[3], when each ellipsoid has 14 touching neighbors. Our results are directly relevant to understanding the equilibrium behavior of systems of hard ellipsoids, and, in particular, the solid and glassy phases.
Effects of Fuel Molecular Structure and Composition on Soot Formation in Direct-Injection Spray Flames (2005)

Numerous investigations have been conducted to determine the effect of fuel composition and molecular structure on particulate emissions using exhaust gas analysis, but relatively few measurements have been obtained in-cylinder or under conditions where fuel effects can be isolated from other variables. In this work, dimethoxymethane was used as the base fuel to produce a non-sooting flame in a constant volume combustion vessel at 1000 K, and a density of 16.6 kg/m3. A second fuel was then added incrementally to determine an incipient soot limit. Line-of-sight extinction measurements were used as the primary diagnostic tool to determine if a correlation exists between soot and fuel properties. These data indicate that fuels with carbon double bonds are more prone to soot than the single bonded fuels. Each of the four pure additives tested began to soot at a structure-weighted available oxygen-to-carbon ratio near one. The commonly used two-color method for measuring temperature and soot concentration (KL) was used as a secondary method. A method for calibrating and analyzing the uncertainty of the temperature and KL measurements with a single color RGB digital camera was demonstrated. Images of reacting jets of different soot concentrations are shown along with an uncertainty analysis. The resulting temperature and KL maps show uneven distributions for flames of various fuels. Analysis shows that the temperature and KL values of heavily sooting fuels are primarily a result of conditions (temperature and soot concentration) within a 1—2 mm region on the surface of the jet, where a turbulent diffusion flame is present. As soot concentration decreases, the region of influence affecting the result thickens, allowing more influence from within the jet, lowering the measured temperature. Therefore, a low-sooting jet appears to have a lower temperature than a high-sooting jet. Extinction and two-color soot measurement results were compared. The two-color KL values were seen to level off at around 0.5, but continue to increase monotonically as soot increased. The broad band method is therefore not good for absolute soot measurements. Natural luminosity measurements were sensitive to the first appearance of soot, but were non-linear.
Coherent Random lasing from CdSe/CdS/ZnS quantum dots (2013)

Random lasing has attracted increasing attension due to ease of fabracation and wide range of potential applications.1 The usage of semiconductor QDs as optical gain media has advantages over traditional ones, including wavelength tunability by changing the size and low pumping threshold. Herein we demonstrate the coherent random lasing from self-assembled clusters of CdSe/CdS/ZnS QDs with relatively low threshold of 0.7 mJ/cm2.
Blind frame freeze detection in coded videos (2012)

In multimedia systems, system errors and artifacts should be avoided in order to keep the Quality of Experience (QoE) of the user as high as possible. For that, the system should be tested and monitored for a long time to assure normal operation. In this paper, we present a new algorithm that automatically detects freezing artifacts in coded videos. The system output is captured and encoded, and the error/artifact detection is run later on the decoded video. One major constraint on our detection algorithm is that every freeze should be detected in order to analyze the reason of its occurrence. Such a constraint entails a high number of false alarms when using the standard freeze detection algorithms. For that, we present a new algorithm that keeps the number of true positives to its maximum, while minimizing the number of false positives.
Erratum: Organocatalyzed synthesis of fluorinated poly(aryl thioethers) (2017)

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML version of this article.
Front Matter: Volume 6814 (2008)

This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE-IS&T Proceedings Volume 6814, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, Introduction (if any), and the Conference Committee listing.
Searching schizophrenia loci in a genetic isolate (1996)

Hovatta, I.; Lichtermann, D.; Terwilliger, J. D.; Suvisaari, J.; Väisänen, L.; Lönnqvist, J.; Peltonen, L. Author Information
Cover Feature: Naphtho[1,2‐b:5,6‐b′]dithiophene Building Blocks and their Complexation with Cyclobis(paraquat‐p‐phenylene) (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 46/2019) (2019)

The Cover Feature shows how two electron donors compete for the cavity of the electron accepting tetracationic macrocycle cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene) (CBPQT4+). Addition of the weak donor naptho[1,2-b:5,6-b']dithiophene (NDT) to a colorless solution of CBPQT4+ leads to the formation of a relatively weak complex (NDT⊂CBPQT4+) in which NDT is located inside CBPQT4+ as evidenced by a color change from colorless to amber orange. Subsequent, addition of the strong donor tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) produces another color change from amber orange to green as a consequence of decomplexation of NDT⊂CBPQT4+ and formation of a very strong complex (TTF⊂CBPQT4+) in which CBPQT4+ now encircles TTF. More information can be found in the Full Paper by J. O. Jeppesen et al.
Abstract 2732: A self-replicating RNA precision medicine approach to therapeutic protein delivery of narrow therapeutic index biomolecules (2023)

Abstract Protein drug replacement using nucleic acid technologies has been a sought-after solution for in situ production of proteins with poor half-lives and challenging manufacturability. Linear mRNA approaches have failed clinically in this technological use case due to low levels of protein expression and poor durability. Self-replicating RNA (srRNA) is a new technology for expression of biotherapeutics combining the advantages of fully synthetic drug products with higher peak levels of protein expression with active expression persisting out to 49 days. RBI-2000 is a novel srRNA encapsulated in a lipid nanoparticle and encoding two distinct proteins on the same strand of RNA. The first protein is a pro-inflammatory multimeric cytokine to promote de novo immune cell generation and infiltration. The second molecule is a single chain high affinity protein antagonist of downstream mediators of the inflammasome to prevent sterile inflammation, aberrant angiogenesis, and tumor invasiveness. We selected a novel alphaviral vector which demonstrated an enhanced peak level of protein expression vs. the prototypical vector that has been used in other RNA products. These encoded proteins elicited a pharmacodynamic response that had no evidence of decay in the first 7 days following a single treatment down to doses of 0.01 mcg. Using an implanted MC38 tumor model, tumor control was obtained at the lowest, single dose tested at 0.1 mcg of RBI-2000. When tested in combination with a checkpoint inhibitor (CPI), a single dose of the CPI and a single dose of RBI-2000 at 10 mcg resulted in 80% tumor control in the mice (8/10 mice). Tumor re-challenge of the mice at a site distal to the original implantation showed 100% protection. Collectively, these data demonstrate the feasibility of novel srRNA vectors as a protein drug replacement approach including for the expression of complex, multimeric cocktails of proteins. Citation Format: Zelanna Goldberg, Christian Maine, Gabrielle P. Dailey, Christine Domingo, Gaelle Picarda, Hunter Little, Annie Chou, Jessica Sparks, Darina Spasova, Shigeki Miyake-Stoner, Christopher A. Rabiola, Erika J. Crosby, Zachary C. Hartman, Herbert K. Lyerly, Nathaniel Wang, Parinaz Aliahmad. A self-replicating RNA precision medicine approach to therapeutic protein delivery of narrow therapeutic index biomolecules [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 2732.