gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and Fabrication of Multi-Pinhole Collimators for Brain Imaging on Clinical SPECT (2020)

1508 Objectives: Our goal was to design and fabricate multi-pinhole (MPH) collimators for human brain imaging using a clinical SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) camera. One MPH collimator was designed specifically to image the striatum in order to improve detection of Parkinson’s Disease, and a second was designed for full brain imaging.
 Methods: MPH collimator designs were simulated and optimized for striatum and full brain imaging, which lead to two configurations with different magnification and field of view requirements. Based on these requirements, a fabrication strategy was developed based on modifying an existing collimator from a commercial SPECT system (BrightView SPECT/CT, Philips Healthcare) to facilitate interfacing of the new MPH collimators to the commercial detector head. The original single pinhole cone was removed and a larger opening created to accommodate the MPH collimators and asymmetrical four-sided pyramidal structures (frames) supporting them at the desired distances from the detector. The frames were created from machinable tungsten plates bolted together with an interlocking design to create gamma-ray leakage-free joints. An interlocking design was also used for the MPH plate. The shielding components were constructed with a 20mm thickness to reduce penetration of the low-abundance high-energy (>500 keV) gamma-rays of I-123. The physical design was constrained by a desire to not exceed the net weight of the original SPECT collimator, which was 131 kilograms. Lastly, the pinholes themselves, which have a mixture of symmetrical on-axis and asymmetrical off-axis geometries, were created with a metal rapid-prototype printer that operates by fusing fine tungsten powder according to a computer-aided drawing (CAD) design.
 Results: Using finite element analysis (FEA) it was determined that the proposed design has a sufficient strength and number of fasteners to hold all components in rigid alignment to each other throughout a 360-degree acquisition rotation. Additionally, we found that the stress on the shields will not cause failure or buckling at any contact points. The mass of the assembly was calculated to closely match the mass of the original single-pinhole collimator. The metal printed pinhole parts required minor printing alterations and minor post-curing alterations in order to fit precisely into the top plate assembly.
 Conclusions: We have found that it is possible to modify existing clinical SPECT system collimators to optimize them for striatum and whole brain imaging. Metal printing of the pinholes for these modified systems provides a convenient and cost-effective way to fabricate pinhole inserts with a variety of oblique axes and clearance cones.
Acknowledgement: This work was partially supported by NIH/NIBIB grant 5R01EB022092-04
Development and Precision Evaluation of an Image-Analysis based Endoscopic Tool Tracking System (2007)

International audience
Internal Model Control: extension to nonlinear system (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInternal Model Control: extension to nonlinear systemConstantin G. Economou, Manfred Morari, and Bernhard O. PalssonCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1986, 25, 2, 403–411Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i200033a010https://doi.org/10.1021/i200033a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2084Altmetric-Citations399LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Complex Iridium(III) Salts: Luminescent Porous Crystalline Materials (2010)

Komplexe mit Ausstrahlung: Eine neue Klasse poröser Materialien beruht auf nichtkovalent verknüpften lumineszierenden Iridiumkomplexen. Komplexpaare mit unterschiedlichen Emissionsfarben und komplementären Ladungen bilden Komplexsalze. Die kristallinen Materialien enthalten 3D-poröse Motive, und ihre Emissionsfarbe lässt sich durch Lösungsmitteleinschluss oder selektives Löschen einer Komponente beeinflussen. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Capacitance analysis for AlGaAs/GaAs and InAlAs/InGaAs heterostructure barrier varactor diodes (1998)

By self-consistently solving Schrödinger and Poissons equations, we have investigated the capacitances of AlGaAs/GaAs and InAlAs/InGaAs heterostructure barrier varactors. When compared with semiclassical particle model, quantum mechanics show that the maximal capacitance of the varactor is saturated when the spacer and barrier are thin. When the spacer and barrier are very thick, both the quantum mechanics and semiconductor particle approach result in the same conclusion, namely, the maximal capacitance is inversely proportional to the sum of the spacer and barrier thicknesses. We have also shown that the maximal capacitance increases for high carrier effective mass.
A Single Dose Respiratory Recombinant Adenovirus-Based Vaccine Provides Long-Term Protection for Non-Human Primates from Lethal Ebola Infection (2014)

As the Ebola outbreak in West Africa continues and cases appear in the United States and other countries, the need for long-lasting vaccines to preserve global health is imminent. Here, we evaluate the long-term efficacy of a respiratory and sublingual (SL) adenovirus-based vaccine in non-human primates in two phases. In the first, a single respiratory dose of 1.4×10(9) infectious virus particles (ivp)/kg of Ad-CAGoptZGP induced strong Ebola glycoprotein (GP) specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses and Ebola GP-specific antibodies in systemic and mucosal compartments and was partially (67%) protective from challenge 62 days after immunization. The same dose given by the SL route induced Ebola GP-specific CD8+ T cell responses similar to that of intramuscular (IM) injection, however, the Ebola GP-specific antibody response was low. All primates succumbed to infection. Three primates were then given the vaccine in a formulation that improved the immune response to Ebola in rodents. Three primates were immunized with 2.0×10(10) ivp/kg of vaccine by the SL route. Diverse populations of polyfunctional Ebola GP-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and significant anti-Ebola GP antibodies were present in samples collected 150 days after respiratory immunization. The formulated vaccine was fully protective against challenge 21 weeks after immunization. While diverse populations of Ebola GP-specific CD4+ T cells were produced after SL immunization, antibodies were not neutralizing and the vaccine was unprotective. To our knowledge, this is the first time that durable protection from a single dose respiratory adenovirus-based Ebola vaccine has been demonstrated in primates.
Algorithm and software to automatically identify latency and amplitude features of local field potentials recorded in electrophysiological investigation (2017)

A MATLAB software implementing an algorithm to automatically detect the main LFPs features was presented. Simulated and real case studies showed that the employed algorithm is accurate and robust against measurement noise. The available code can be used as it is, but the reported description of the algorithms allows users to easily modify the code to cope with specific requirements.
Deprotonation and Regioselective Addition of 2H-Pyrazolo[3,4-c]quinolines to Electrophiles (2007)

The deprotonation and regioselective reaction of 2H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]quinolines with a variety of electrophiles is described. Electrophiles include benzaldehyde, DMF, carbon dioxide, and iodine. This method provides a direct route to a class of pharmacologically interesting compounds.
Catalytic Activity of Type II Iodothyronine 5′-Deiodinase Polypeptide Is Dependent upon a Cyclic AMP Activation Factor (1996)

Type II iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase is an approximately 200-kDa multimeric enzyme in the brain that catalyzes the deiodination of thyroxine (T4) to its active metabolite, 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine. In astrocytes, cAMP stimulation is required to express catalytically active type II iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase. The affinity ligand N-bromoacetyl-L-T4 specifically labels the 29-kDa substrate-binding subunit (p29) of this enzyme in cAMP-stimulated astrocytes. To determine the requirements for cAMP-induced activation of this enzyme, we optimized N-bromoacetyl-L-T4 labeling of p29 in astrocytes lacking type II iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase activity and examined the effects of cAMP on the hydrodynamic properties and subcellular location of the enzyme. We show that the p29 subunit is expressed in unstimulated astrocytes and requires 10-fold higher concentrations of N-bromoacetyl-L-T4 to achieve incorporation levels equal to those of p29 in cAMP-stimulated cells. Gel filtration showed that p29 was part of a multimeric membrane-associated complex in both cAMP-stimulated and unstimulated astrocytes and that cAMP stimulation led to an increase of approximately 60 kDa in the mass of the holoenzyme. In unstimulated astrocytes, p29 resides in the perinuclear space. Cyclic AMP stimulation leads to the translocation of p29 to the plasma membrane coincident with the appearance of deiodinating activity. These data show that cAMP-dependent activation of type II iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase activity results from the synthesis of additional activating factor(s) that associates with inactive enzyme and leads to the translocation of enzyme polypeptide(s) from the perinuclear space to the plasma membrane.
Capnography reflects ventilation/perfusion distribution in a model of acute lung injury (2011)

In this experimental model of lung injury, changes in the phase III slope of the capnograms were directly correlated with the degree of ventilation/perfusion dispersion.
Kindlin-2 (Mig-2): a co-activator of β3 integrins (2008)

Integrin activation is essential for dynamically linking the extracellular environment and cytoskeletal/signaling networks. Activation is controlled by integrins' short cytoplasmic tails (CTs). It is widely accepted that the head domain of talin (talin-H) can mediate integrin activation by binding to two sites in integrin beta's CT; in integrin beta(3) this is an NPLY(747) motif and the membrane-proximal region. Here, we show that the C-terminal region of integrin beta(3) CT, composed of a conserved TS(752)T region and NITY(759) motif, supports integrin activation by binding to a cytosolic binding partner, kindlin-2, a widely distributed PTB domain protein. Co-transfection of kindlin-2 with talin-H results in a synergistic enhancement of integrin alpha(IIb)beta(3) activation. Furthermore, siRNA knockdown of endogenous kindlin-2 impairs talin-induced alpha(IIb)beta(3) activation in transfected CHO cells and blunts alpha(v)beta(3)-mediated adhesion and migration of endothelial cells. Our results thus identify kindlin-2 as a novel regulator of integrin activation; it functions as a coactivator.
Probabilistic 3D surface reconstruction from sparse MRI information (2020)

Surface reconstruction from magnetic resonance (MR) imaging data is indispensable in medical image analysis and clinical research. A reliable and effective reconstruction tool should: be fast in prediction of accurate well localised and high resolution models, evaluate prediction uncertainty, work with as little input data as possible. Current deep learning state of the art (SOTA) 3D reconstruction methods, however, often only produce shapes of limited variability positioned in a canonical position or lack uncertainty evaluation. In this paper, we present a novel probabilistic deep learning approach for concurrent 3D surface reconstruction from sparse 2D MR image data and aleatoric uncertainty prediction. Our method is capable of reconstructing large surface meshes from three quasi-orthogonal MR imaging slices from limited training sets whilst modelling the location of each mesh vertex through a Gaussian distribution. Prior shape information is encoded using a built-in linear principal component analysis (PCA) model. Extensive experiments on cardiac MR data show that our probabilistic approach successfully assesses prediction uncertainty while at the same time qualitatively and quantitatively outperforms SOTA methods in shape prediction. Compared to SOTA, we are capable of properly localising and orientating the prediction via the use of a spatially aware neural network.
Efficient ruthenium catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of functionalized imines by isopropanol under controlled microwave heating (2005)

Transfer hydrogenation of various functionalized imines by isopropanol catalyzed by [Ru(CO) 2 (Ph 4 C 4 CO)] 2 (3) has been studied. The use of either an oil bath or controlled microwave heating in toluene led to an efficient procedure with high turnover frequencies and the product amines were obtained in high yields. An advantage with catalyst 3 over the conventional [Ru 2 (CO) 4 (µ-H)(Ph 4 C 4 COHOCC 4 Ph 4 )] (1) is the absence of an initiation period, which results in a faster reaction with 3 as compared to 1.Key words: transfer hydrogenation, ruthenium, imines, microwave.
Sequences in the U5-gag-pol region influence early and late pathogenic effects of Friend and Moloney murine leukemia viruses (1990)

Friend replication-competent murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV), clone 57, induces a severe early hemolytic anemia and a later erythroleukemia after inoculation of newborn IRW or ICFW mice, whereas Moloney MuLV (M-MuLV) induces only lymphoid leukemia. We have shown previously that the attenuated hemolytic and erythroleukemogenic abilities of an F-MuLV variant, clone B3, were due mostly to changes in the env gene and long terminal repeat, respectively. For the present study, we derived two constructs exchanging env fragments of F-MuLV 57 and M-MuLV and compared them with two constructs described by Chatis et al. (J. Virol. 52:248-254, 1984) exchanging the U3 region of the long terminal repeat of the same parental viruses. When comparing the hemolytic effect of these constructs with those of the parent, we found that the U5-gag-pol region of F-MuLV was required for development of severe early hemolytic anemia and that, unlike the env of F-MuLV B3, the env of M-MuLV was fully competent in inducing severe early hemolytic anemia when associated with the F-MuLV U5-gag-pol and U3 regions. As expected, induction of erythroleukemia depended on the presence of the F-MuLV U3 region; however, the presence of both the U3 and U5-gag-pol regions of F-MuLV appeared to be synergistic and was associated with a more rapid appearance of erythroleukemia.
Robust automatic target detection/recognition system for second generation FLIR imagery (2002)

Automatic target detection and recognition (ATD/R) is of crucial interest to the defense community. We present a robust ATD/R system developed at the CVRC at UT-Austin for recognition in second generation forward looking infrared (FLIR) images. An experiment conducted on 1930 FLIR images shows that this ATR system can achieve recognition with a high degree of accuracy and a low false alarm rate. This demo first presents a brief overview of the whole methodology, then shows the detailed procedures and temporary outputs step by step, by running this ATR system on typical low-contrast FLIR images. Results and examples are presented at the end of the demonstration.
Advanced Characterization of Nanoscale Bridge in Magnetic Tunnel Junction by 3-D EDS Tomography (2013)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, August 4 – August 8, 2013.
Sequential Cisplatin Therapy and Vaccination with HPV16 E6E7L2 Fusion Protein in Saponin Adjuvant GPI-0100 for the Treatment of a Model HPV16+ Cancer (2015)

Clinical studies suggest that responses to HPV16 E6E7L2 fusion protein (TA-CIN) vaccination alone are modest, and GPI-0100 is a well-tolerated, potent adjuvant. Here we sought to optimize both the immunogenicity of TA-CIN via formulation with GPI-0100 and treatment of HPV16+ cancer by vaccination after cisplatin chemotherapy. HPV16 neutralizing serum antibody titers, CD4+ T cell proliferative and E6/E7-specific CD8+ T cell responses were significantly enhanced when mice were vaccinated subcutaneously (s.c.) or intramuscularly (i.m.) with TA-CIN formulated with GPI-0100. Vaccination was tested for therapy of mice bearing syngeneic HPV16 E6/E7+ tumors (TC-1) either in the lung or subcutaneously. Mice treated with TA-CIN/GPI-0100 vaccination exhibited robust E7-specific CD8+ T cell responses, which were associated with reduced tumor burden in the lung, whereas mice receiving either component alone were similar to controls. Since vaccination alone was not sufficient for cure, mice bearing s.c. TC-1 tumor were first treated with two doses of cisplatin and then vaccinated. Vaccination with TA-CIN/GPI-0100 i.m. substantially retarded tumor growth and extended survival after cisplatin therapy. Injection of TA-CIN alone, but not GPI-0100, into the tumor (i.t.) was similarly efficacious after cisplatin therapy, but the mice eventually succumbed. However, tumor regression and extended remission was observed in 80% of the mice treated with cisplatin and then intra-tumoral TA-CIN/GPI-0100 vaccination. These mice also exhibited robust E7-specific CD8+ T cell and HPV16 neutralizing antibody responses. Thus formulation of TA-CIN with GPI-0100 and intra-tumoral delivery after cisplatin treatment elicits potent therapeutic responses in a murine model of HPV16+ cancer.
Tunable Bandgap Renormalization by Nonlocal UltraStrong Coupling in Nanophotonics (2020)

We find up-to 100meV bandgap shift in a semiconductor when stated near graphene. The graphene plasmons vacuum fluctuations enable nonlocal interactions between a single semiconductor electron and all available valence states to reach ultra-strong coupling.
P1236 Genomic examination of endometrial precancers: serial analysis and diagnostic utility (2019)

<h3>Introduction/Background</h3> Endometrial precancer (endometrioid intraepithelial neoplasia/EIN) diagnosis remains contentious, with variable criteria and frequent disagreements among gynecologic pathologists, potentially leading to under/overtreatment. The endometrium is unique in that diagnostic biopsies do not extirpate neoplastic lesions. Our purpose was to 1) characterize serial genomic alterations along the pre-EIN/EIN/cancer continuum in individual women; 2) determine if genomic analysis adds diagnostic value to histopathological review. <h3>Methodology</h3> Inclusion criteria were 1) endometrial cancer diagnosis/hysterectomy 2) preceding serial endometrial biopsies (typically over many years) including for some patients an early biopsy before an EIN diagnosis. A comprehensive panel was designed for genes recurrently mutated in endometrial cancer, including hereditary cancer loci. Formalin-fixed/paraffin-embedded specimens for each cancer, preceding samples, and matched germline DNA were subjected to barcoded massively-parallel sequencing to identify mutations, hereditary and acquired, and track their origin and allelic frequency progression. 147 samples from 29 women (5.1 samples/patient) were analyzed. <h3>Results</h3> In all but two patients mutations in the cancer were detectable in preceding EIN(s). Notably, ≥1 mutations were detectable in 15/19 patients where a pre-EIN biopsy was available. Serial analysis provided unique insights into the progression of various endometrial cancers. In most cases, the presence of ≥1 mutation could be confirmed by immunohistochemistry, providing unique views of histologic correlates. Class-defining mutations (e.g. POLE) were identified in several cases. Germline mutations were identified in patients with known cancer predisposition syndromes. Mutations were not identified in 15 age-matched control (normal) endometria, arguing that with appropriate thresholds, age-related endometrial mutations should not confound analyses. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Genomic analysis of selected endometrial biopsies has the potential to be a cost-effective and valuable diagnostic adjunct to histology, also replacing in a single assay diverse screening methods to identify cancer predisposition syndromes. Though of considerable promise, further investigations will be required to establish utility and refine diagnostic criteria. <h3>Disclosure</h3> The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Funding to DHC was provided by the National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute (USA), the Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas (State of Texas) and the UT Southwestern Stembridge Distinguished Professorship.
Analysis of GPCR/Ion Channel Interactions (2011)

Voltage-gated calcium channels are key regulators of calcium homeostasis in excitable cells. A number of cellular signaling pathways serve to fine tune calcium channel activity, including the activation of G protein-coupled receptors. Besides regulating channel activity via second messengers, GPCRs can also physically associate with calcium channels to directly regulate their functions, as well as their trafficking to and from the plasma membrane. Here we provide some methods that can be used to examine channel-receptor interactions and co-trafficking. While we focus on voltage-gated calcium channels, the techniques described herein are broadly applicable to other types of channels.
Differentiation of derivatized leucine and isoleucine by tandem mass spectrometry under liquid secondary ion mass spectral conditions (1998)

In the liquid secondary ion mass spectra of N-acetyl, N-benzoyl and N-pivaloyl leucine and isoleucine the relative abundance of [MH − (H2O,CO)]+ ions is greater in the case of N-substituted isoleucine. The difference is more distinctive in the collision-induced dissociation spectra of [M + H]+ ions. The [MH − COOH]+. ions from N-substituted leucine and isoleucine selectively decompose to give ions corresponding to the loss of isopropyl and ethyl radicals respectively. This selective decomposition can be used to estimate the percentage of leucine or isoleucine in a mixture. Peptides containing leucine or isoleucine as the N-terminus residue also give this characteristic fragmentation for the corresponding N-benzoyl derivatives. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.