gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Compliment deposition in early cardiac transplant biopsies is associated with ischemic injury. (1999)

297 Prolonged warm or cold ischemia is associated with poor survival of cardiac transplants. In animal models, tissue ischemia has been shown to activate complement. To determine whether ischemic changes in endomyocardial biopsies were associated with complement deposition, biopsies obtained 1-3 weeks after transplantation from 33 patients were evaluated immunohistologically for deposition of C4d and C3d as well as IgM, IgG and IgA. The histological changes associated with ischemic injury were scored independently using previously reported criteria without knowledge of the immunohistochemical results. Diffuse capillary and pericapillary deposition of C4d or C3d was detected in endomyocardial biopsies of 15 of the 33 patients. The majority of biopsies (73%) with C4d or C3d deposits had histological evidence of ischemic injury, including 8 of the 9 biopsies that contained both C4d and C3d deposition. In contrast, only 8 of 18 (44%) of the biopsies without C4d or C3d deposition had histological evidence of ischemic injury. Only trace amounts of IgM and no IgG or IgA were demonstrable in the biopsies. Only 1 of the 14 biopsies with C4d or C3d deposition had moderate acute rejection. However, C4d and C3d deposition did correlate with repeated acute rejection episodes on subsequent biopsies. During the 2 year follow up period almost 3 fold more patients with than without complement deposits in their initial biopsies required treatment for repeated acute rejection episodes (47% versus 17%, respectively). Thus, ischemic changes are associated with the activation of complement. Complement activation may in turn promote tissue injury that leads to acute rejection episodes. Inhibition of complement in the first days after transplantation may improve graft survival.
Self-Expressive Decompositions for Matrix Approximation and Clustering (2015)

Data-aware methods for dimensionality reduction and matrix decomposition aim to find low-dimensional structure in a collection of data. Classical approaches discover such structure by learning a basis that can efficiently express the collection. Recently, "self expression", the idea of using a small subset of data vectors to represent the full collection, has been developed as an alternative to learning. Here, we introduce a scalable method for computing sparse SElf-Expressive Decompositions (SEED). SEED is a greedy method that constructs a basis by sequentially selecting incoherent vectors from the dataset. After forming a basis from a subset of vectors in the dataset, SEED then computes a sparse representation of the dataset with respect to this basis. We develop sufficient conditions under which SEED exactly represents low rank matrices and vectors sampled from a unions of independent subspaces. We show how SEED can be used in applications ranging from matrix approximation and denoising to clustering, and apply it to numerous real-world datasets. Our results demonstrate that SEED is an attractive low-complexity alternative to other sparse matrix factorization approaches such as sparse PCA and self-expressive methods for clustering.
Transmission Electron Microscopy Imaging of Individual Functional Groups of Fullerene Derivatives (2006)

Mobility and reactivity of the functionalized fullerenes with pyrrolidine (C60-C3NH7) incorporated in single-wall carbon nanotubes were examined by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. An individual functional group attached to each fullerene cage is unambiguously visualized. This provides a direct evidence for the functionalized structure on a single-molecular basis. A rotational motion of the incorporated molecules tends to occur during the observation and, consequently, each fullerene molecule is likely to stand facing its functionalized group towards the nanotube wall. A fine structure analysis of electron energy-loss spectra for the nitrogen K(1s) edge shows a considerable change in the nitrogen chemical state and suggests a strong tube-fullerene interaction.
Feasibility and commercial viability issues for high-power output multiplexers for space applications (2000)

The objective of this paper is to address the issues related to the commercial viability of employing high-power high-temperature superconductor (HTS) filters and multiplexers for communication satellites. Experimental results are presented for fully integrated contiguous HTS manifold-coupled output multiplexers. Both hybrid dielectric-resonator HTS filters as well as planar HTS filters are used to construct these multiplexers. The paper provides a detailed analysis of the cooling load of HTS high-power multiplexers, and describes how it varies with the achievable filter Q and the type of I/O RF cables. It also demonstrates the role that the I/O RF cables play in determining the cooling load of HTS subsystems.
Supplementary Table 2 from Intratumoral Induction of CD103 Triggers Tumor-Specific CTL Function and CCR5-Dependent T-Cell Retention (2023)

Supplementary Table 2 from Intratumoral Induction of CD103 Triggers Tumor-Specific CTL Function and CCR5-Dependent T-Cell Retention
Genetic Variants of the ENPP1/PC-1 Gene Are Associated With Hypertriglyceridemia in Male Subjects (2009)

In the present study, we find that genetic variants of the ENPP1/PC-1 gene are associated with hypertriglyceridemia in male subjects, and may contribute to the development of the insulin resistance/metabolic syndrome in this population.
Axial Ligand Modulation of the Electronic Structures of Binuclear Copper Sites:  Analysis of Paramagnetic 1H NMR Spectra of Met160Gln CuA (2001)

Cu(A) is an electron-transfer copper center present in heme-copper oxidases and N2O reductases. The center is a binuclear unit, with two cysteine ligands bridging the metal ions and two terminal histidine residues. A Met residue and a peptide carbonyl group are located on opposite sides of the Cu2S2 plane; these weaker ligands are fully conserved in all known Cu(A) sites. The Met160Gln mutant of the soluble subunit II of Thermus thermophilus ba3 oxidase has been studied by NMR spectroscopy. In its oxidized form, the binuclear copper is a fully delocalized mixed-valence pair, as are all natural Cu(A) centers. The faster nuclear relaxation in this mutant suggests that a low-lying excited state has shifted to higher energies compared to that of the wild-type protein. The introduction of the Gln residue alters the coordination mode of His114 but does not affect His157, thereby confirming the proposal that the axial ligand-to-copper distances influence the copper-His interactions (Robinson, H.; Ang, M. C.; Gao, Y. G.; Hay, M. T.; Lu, Y.; Wang, A. H. Biochemistry 1999, 38, 5677). Changes in the hyperfine coupling constants of the Cys beta-CH2 groups are attributed to minor geometrical changes that affect the Cu-S-C(beta)-H(beta) dihedral angles. These changes, in addition, shift the thermally accessible excited states, thus influencing the spectral position of the Cys beta-CH2 resonances. The Cu-Cys bonds are not substantially altered by the Cu-Gln160 interaction, in contrast to the situation found in the evolutionarily related blue copper proteins. It is possible that regulatory subunits in the mitochondrial oxidases fix the relative positions of thermally accessible Cu(A) excited states by tuning axial ligand interactions.
Rivaroxaban Has Protective Effects in a Model of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) in Rats. (2007)

Abstract Introduction: DIC is a complication that occurs during serious infection with Gram-negative bacteria. Endotoxin is a component of the bacterial cell wall that elicits a cytokine-mediated cascade of tissue factor-dependent hypercoagulable reactions. The resulting hypercoagulable state may be inhibited by potent anticoagulation. Rivaroxaban is an oral, direct Factor Xa (FXa) inhibitor in advanced clinical development for the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disorders. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of rivaroxaban in a rat model of endotoxin-induced DIC. Methods: Rivaroxaban (0.1–10 mg/kg p.o.) or vehicle control (PEG400/H2O 60/40%, 5 mL/kg p.o.) were administered 30 minutes before endotoxin injection (lipopolysaccharide O55 B5 [LPS], 250 μg/kg i.v.) to conscious rats. Blood samples were withdrawn from anesthetized animals by heart puncture 4 hours after LPS injection and fibrinogen, platelet count, thrombin-antithrombin (TAT) complex levels and IL-6 were measured. Results: The induction of DIC was indicated in the placebo + LPS group vs vehicle control by decreased fibrinogen (2.12±0.08 vs 2.69±0.10 g/L) and platelet count (571±28 vs 904±30×109/L) an increase in TAT (75±9 vs 2±1 μg/L) and IL-6 (8.6±1.23 μg/L vs 0.028±0.020 μg/L). Pretreatment with rivaroxaban (0.1–10 mg/kg p.o.) dose-dependently ameliorated the effects of LPS on fibrinogen, platelets and TAT. Rivaroxaban 10 mg/kg p.o. normalized fibrinogen (2.58±0.07 g/L) and TAT (5.6±1.2 μg/L) and increased platelet count (703±19×109/L) (Table). Rivaroxaban also slightly reduced the plasma levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) (4.24±0.67 μg/L). Conclusions: These results show that direct, selective inhibition of FXa by rivaroxaban effectively normalized the hypercoagulable reactions of endotoxemia with a slight modulating effect on the generation of pro-inflammatory active cytokines, such as IL-6, in the rat DIC model. Further research into the use of rivaroxaban in the management of DIC is therefore warranted. Effects of rivaroxaban in an endotoxin-induced DIC model in rats 4 hours after LPS injection. Results show mean ± SEM. Vehicle control Placebo + LPS Rivaroxaban 1 mg/kg + LPS Rivaroxaban 10 mg/kg + LPS DIC, disseminated intravascular coagulation; IL-6, interleukin-6; LPS, lipopolysaccharide O55 B5; SEM, standard error of the mean; TAT, thrombin-antithrombin ## p&lt;0.01 vs sham, ### p&lt;0.001 vs sham, *p&lt;0.05 vs LPS/placebo, ** p&lt;0.01 vs LPS/placebo, *** p&lt;0.001 vs LPS/placebo Fibrinogen (g/L) 2.69±0.10 n=5 2.12±0.08## n=14 2.41±0.09 n=14 2.58± 0.07** n=7 Platelets (×109/l) 904±30 n=5 571±28### n=8 655±23 n=6 703±19* n=7 TAT (μg/L) 1.8±0.8 n=5 75.2±9.4### n=14 65.3±8.0 n=14 5.6±1.2*** n=7 IL-6 (μg/ml) 0.028±0.020 n=5 8.60±1.23### n=6 5.01±0.47 n=6 4.24±0.67 n=7
Fire retardant sol–gel coatings for flexible polyurethane foams (2016)

Untreated flexible polyurethane foams used in upholstered products are prone to rapid fire growth. Sol–gel process was evaluated to flame retard it. A successful intumescent formulation gave 60% reduction of the peak of heat release rate.
Measurement of the ϒ(1S), ϒ(2S), and ϒ(3S) cross sections in pp collisions at s=7 TeV (2013)

The (1S), (2S), and (3S) production cross sections are measured using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.8 1.4 pb -1 of proton-proton collisions at s = 7 TeV, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The resonances are identified through their decays to dimuons. Integrated over the transverse momentum range p T < 50 GeV/c and rapidity range |y | < 2.4, and assuming unpolarized production, the products of the production cross sections and dimuon branching fractions are
Patient-Specific Physiological Monitoring and Prediction Using Structured Gaussian Processes (2019)

The management of patient well-being can be performed by monitoring continuous time-series vital-sign data via low-cost wearable devices. Automated algorithms may then be used with the resulting data to provide early warning of deterioration of the health of an individual. Such algorithms are typically trained for a large population without considering the time-variability and inter-subject variability of the data being collected. In the case where limited numbers of subjects are available, it is difficult to create a generalized population model from a small sample size. Furthermore, some “normal” patients may exhibit different physiological patterns when compared to other “normal” patients, forming multiple “normal” clusters/subgroups. This also makes inferring a population model difficult. It is, therefore, preferable to develop patient/subgroup-specific time-series models to overcome these challenges. We propose using Bayesian hierarchical Gaussian processes to infer the hidden latent structure of the vital sign's trajectory for each individual patient or group of patients who share similar patterns. We further demonstrate the feasibility of such a model in novelty detection, using the symmetric Kullback-Leibler divergence. This allows us to identify any patterns that correspond to “normal” or “abnormal” physiology, and further classifying “abnormal” patterns from a model of “normal” latent trajectories. We tested our approach using two real datasets for different monitoring scenarios. Our model was compared to the performance of the state-of-the-art unsupervised clustering algorithms, demonstrating at least 10% improvement in accuracy. We further benchmarked against two one-class classifiers and showed at least 5% accuracy improvement when using the proposed metrics in identifying abnormal physiological episodes.
Cross-Sectional Dating of Novel Haplotypes of HERV-K 113 and HERV-K 115 Indicate These Proviruses Originated in Africa before Homo sapiens (2009)

The human genome, human endogenous retroviruses (HERV), of which HERV-K113 and HERV-K115 are the only known full-length proviruses that are insertionally polymorphic. Although a handful of previously published papers have documented their prevalence in the global population; to date, there has been no report on their prevalence in the United States population. Here, we studied the geographic distribution of K113 and K115 among 156 HIV-1+ subjects from the United States, including African Americans, Hispanics, and Caucasians. In the individuals studied, we found higher insertion frequencies of K113 (21%) and K115 (35%) in African Americans compared with Caucasians (K113 9% and K115 6%) within the United States. We also report the presence of three single nucleotide polymorphism sites in the K113 5' long terminal repeats (LTRs) and four in the K115 5' LTR that together constituted four haplotypes for K113 and five haplotypes for K115. HERV insertion times can be estimated from the sequence differences between the 5' and 3' LTR of each insertion, but this dating method cannot be used with HERV-K115. We developed a method to estimate insertion times by applying coalescent inference to 5' LTR sequences within our study population and validated this approach using an independent estimate derived from the genetic distance between K113 5' and 3' LTR sequences. Using our method, we estimated the insertion dates of K113 and K115 to be a minimum of 800,000 and 1.1 million years ago, respectively. Both these insertion dates predate the emergence of anatomically modern Homo sapiens.
Three-dimensional magnetization-prepared imaging using a concentric cylinders trajectory (2013)

The 3D concentric cylinders trajectory is a robust and efficient readout that is well-suited for magnetization-prepared imaging.
TIBIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT STRAIN DUE TO OCCULT DERANGEMENTS OF THE MEDIAL MENISCUS (1954)

During the past five years, fifty patients have been seen who presented the clinical picture of "chronic tibial collateral ligament strain". Although it was not suggested by the history or demonstrated by the usual clinical tests, internal derangement of the medial meniscus was suspected. Exploration of the knees of thirty patients confirmed the suspicion of derangement. The degree and type of derangement varied from patient to patient, but the symptom-producing mechanism was essentially the same in all. That is, part or all of the middle third of the medial meniscus was deformed as well as displaced or herniated out of the medial joint space and wedged beneath the tibial collateral ligament. It was therefore assumed that displacement of the meniscus had caused either overstretch of the fibers of the adjacent ligament or irritation of the ligament and its bursa. Because of this assumption the medial meniscus of each patient was removed. None has had recurrence of his symptoms. This would seem to substantiate the conclusion that medial meniscus derangement, though not demonstrated clinically, was responsible for the tibial collateral ligament syndrome in each patient and that the treatment of choice is arthrotomy with removal of the medial meniscus.
Antiferromagnetic character of workplace stress (2011)

We study the nature of workplace stress from the aspect of human-human interactions. We investigated the distribution of Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale scores, a measure of the degree of stress, in workplaces. We found that the degree of stress people experience when around other highly stressed people tends to be low, and vice versa. A simulation based on a model describing microlevel human-human interaction reproduced this observed phenomena and revealed that the energy state of a face-to-face communication network correlates with workplace stress macroscopically.
Supplementary Materials and Methods and Supplementary Figure Legends 1-7 from ILT3 (LILRB4) Promotes the Immunosuppressive Function of Tumor-Educated Human Monocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S1A-C - Dot plots and histograms from flow cytometry analysis of SK-MEL-5-educated M-MDSCs and PBMCs cultured in medium alone.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Figure S1D - FACS result of cell surface staining of cytokine-induced M-MDSCs and PBMCs cultured in medium alone.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Figure S1E - Cell surface staining of monocytes cultured in the presence of M-CSF and IL4 and SK-MEL-5-educated M-MDSCs by staining with HLA-DR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Figure S2 A-B - ILT3 is highly expressed on CD45+CD33+CD14+ myeloid cells in SK-MEL-5 tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Figure S3 - Single-cell RNAseq (scRNAseq) of human immune cells in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) public dataset.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Figure S4 - Association of LILRB4 expression with deconvoluted cell fractions for human tumor types in the TCGA database.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Figure S5 - Suppression of autologous CD8+ T cell proliferation by cytokine-induced M-MDSCs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Figure S6 - CD33+ cells from PBMCs cultured in medium alone are not suppressive.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Figure S7 - Differentially expressed genes (DEG) between SK-MEL-5 educated M-MDSCs and monocytes.&lt;/p&gt;
Dark-field X-ray imaging for the assessment of osteoporosis in human lumbar spine specimens (2023)

<b>Background:</b> Dark-field imaging is a novel imaging modality that allows for the assessment of material interfaces by exploiting the wave character of x-ray. While it has been extensively studied in chest imaging, only little is known about the modality for imaging other tissues. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a clinical X-ray dark-field scanner prototype allows for the assessment of osteoporosis. <b>Materials and methods:</b> In this prospective study we examined human cadaveric lumbar spine specimens (vertebral segments L2 to L4). We used a clinical prototype for dark-field radiography that yields both attenuation and dark-field images. All specimens were scanned in lateral orientation in vertical and horizontal position. All specimens were additionally imaged with CT as reference. Bone mineral density (BMD) values were derived from asynchronously calibrated quantitative CT measurements. Correlations between attenuation signal, dark-field signal and BMD were assessed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficients. The capability of the dark-field signal for the detection of osteoporosis/osteopenia was evaluated with receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis. <b>Results:</b> A total of 58 vertebrae from 20 human cadaveric spine specimens (mean age, 73 years ±13 [standard deviation]; 11 women) were studied. The dark-field signal was positively correlated with the BMD, both in vertical (r = 0.56, <i>p</i> < .001) and horizontal position (r = 0.43, <i>p</i> < .001). Also, the dark-field signal ratio was positively correlated with BMD (r = 0.30, <i>p</i> = .02). No correlation was found between the signal ratio of attenuation signal and BMD (r = 0.14, <i>p</i> = .29). For the differentiation between specimens with and without osteoporosis/osteopenia, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.80 for the dark-field signal in vertical position. <b>Conclusion:</b> Dark-field imaging allows for the differentiation between spine specimens with and without osteoporosis/osteopenia and may therefore be a potential biomarker for bone stability.
Desorption behavior of a surfactant in a linear low‐density polyethylene blend at elevated temperatures (2004)

Abstract The desorption behavior of a surfactant in a linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE) blend at elevated temperatures of 50, 70, and 80 °C was studied with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The composition of the LLDPE blend was 70:30 LLDPE/low‐density polyethylene. Three different specimens (II, III, and IV) were prepared with various compositions of a small molecular penetrant, sorbitan palmitate (SPAN‐40), and a migration controller, poly(ethylene acrylic acid) (EAA), in the LLDPE blend. The calculated diffusion coefficient ( D ) of SPAN‐40 in specimens II, III, and IV, between 50 and 80 °C, varied from 1.74 × 10 −11 to 6.79 × 10 −11 cm 2 /s, from 1.10 × 10 −11 to 5.75 × 10 −11 cm 2 /s, and from 0.58 × 10 −11 to 4.75 × 10 −11 cm 2 /s, respectively. In addition, the calculated activation energies ( E D ) of specimens II, III, and IV, from the plotting of ln D versus 1/ T between 50 and 80 °C, were 42.9, 52.7, and 65.6 kJ/mol, respectively. These values were different from those obtained between 25 and 50 °C and were believed to have been influenced by the interference of Tinuvin (a UV stabilizer) at elevated temperatures higher than 50 °C. Although the desorption rate of SPAN‐40 increased with the temperature and decreased with the EAA content, the observed spectral behavior did not depend on the temperature and time. For all specimens stored over 50 °C, the peak at 1739 cm −1 decreased in a few days and subsequently increased with a peak shift toward 1730 cm −1 . This arose from the carbonyl stretching vibration of Tinuvin, possibly because of oxidation or degradation at elevated temperatures. In addition, the incorporation of EAA into the LLDPE blend suppressed the desorption rate of SPAN‐40 and retarded the appearance of the 1730 cm −1 peak. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 1114–1126, 2004
A high signal to noise ratio map of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich increment at\n 1.1 mm wavelength in Abell 1835 (2010)

We present an analysis of an 8 arcminute diameter map of the area around the\ngalaxy cluster Abell 1835 from jiggle map observations at a wavelength of 1.1\nmm using the Bolometric Camera (Bolocam) mounted on the Caltech Submillimeter\nObservatory (CSO). The data is well described by a model including an extended\nSunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) signal from the cluster gas plus emission from two\nbright background submm galaxies magnified by the gravitational lensing of the\ncluster. The best-fit values for the central Compton value for the cluster and\nthe fluxes of the two main point sources in the field: SMM J140104+0252, and\nSMM J14009+0252 are found to be $y_{0}=(4.34\\pm0.52\\pm0.69)\\times10^{-4}$,\n6.5$\\pm{2.0}\\pm0.7$ mJy and 11.3$\\pm{1.9}\\pm1.1$ mJy, where the first error\nrepresents the statistical measurement error and the second error represents\nthe estimated systematic error in the result. This measurement assumes the\npresence of dust emission from the cluster's central cD galaxy of $1.8\\pm0.5$\nmJy, based on higher frequency observations of Abell 1835. The cluster image\nrepresents one of the highest-significance SZ detections of a cluster in the\npositive region of the thermal SZ spectrum to date. The inferred central\nintensity is compared to other SZ measurements of Abell 1835 and this\ncollection of results is used to obtain values for $y_{0} =\n(3.60\\pm0.24)\\times10^{-4}$ and the cluster peculiar velocity $v_{z} =\n-226\\pm275$ km/s.\n