gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In situdissolution analysis of half-pitch line and space patterns at various resist platforms using high speed atomic force microscopy (2013)

Preliminary results of <i>in situ</i> analyses of dissolution of resist patterns of half-pitch (hp) lines and spaces (L/S) using high-speed atomic force microscopy are discussed. Initial experiments were conducted on an EUV-exposed 32 nm hp L/S pattern using a standard concentration (0.26 N) of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) developer solution. This was done using a carbon nanofiber-based cantilever tip and after various tool enhancements and optimizations. Difference in the dissolution characteristics of various resist polymers such as polyhydroxystyrene (PHS)-based and hybrid (PHS-methacryl) resists was observed. These results are in agreement with the previously obtained results of measurements performed with 32 nm isolated line patterns on resist films developed with diluted developer solutions (1/20 of 0.26 N TMAH), where the PHS-based resist showed a uniformly dissolved, grain-like dissolution characteristic, while the hybrid resist exhibited resist swelling of the exposed resist film.
Deep Imaging of Prostate Cancer Using Diffusion Reconstruction of Banana Paths with Near Infrared Prostatoscope Analyzer (2017)

Optical spectroscopy and imaging using near-infrared light provide powerful tools for non-invasive screening and clinical detection of diseased tissues located on surface, subsurface and even in the areas of deep organs. This chapter reviews and provides a noninvasive optical imaging technique for detecting and 3D-locating cancerous sites in prostate from viewing through the rectum. It presents an optical imaging using independent component analysis (OPTICA)-based inverse image reconstruction algorithm specifically for the application of backscattering configuration. The 3D locations of small piece of Cytate-stained cancerous prostate tissue hidden inside the large host normal prostate tissue were used to verify our new OPTICA algorithm by sets of 2D backscattering images recorded by our specifically developed prostatoscope analyzer scanning imaging unit. The algorithm of OPTICA is based on that ICA of the perturbations in the spatial intensity distributions provides the corresponding independent intensity distributions on the detector planes.
Model complexes of di-iron sites in methane mono-oxygenase and ribonucleotide reductase: structure and reactivity (1997)

Conference Article| February 01 1997 Model complexes of di-iron sites in methane mono-oxygenase and ribonucleotide reductase: structure and reactivity M. Fontecave; M. Fontecave 1Laboratoire d'Etudes Dynamiques de la Structure et de la Sélectivité, URA 332, Université Joseph Fourier, 301 rue de la chimie, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar S. Ménage; S. Ménage 2Laboratoire d'Etudes Dynamiques de la Structure et de la Sélectivité, URA 332, Université Joseph Fourier, 301 rue de la chimie, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar C. Duboc-Toia; C. Duboc-Toia 3Laboratoire d'Etudes Dynamiques de la Structure et de la Sélectivité, URA 332, Université Joseph Fourier, 301 rue de la chimie, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J.-M. Vincent; J.-M. Vincent 4Laboratoire d'Etudes Dynamiques de la Structure et de la Sélectivité, URA 332, Université Joseph Fourier, 301 rue de la chimie, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar C. Lambeaux C. Lambeaux 5Laboratoire d'Etudes Dynamiques de la Structure et de la Sélectivité, URA 332, Université Joseph Fourier, 301 rue de la chimie, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1997) 25 (1): 65–69. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0250065 Article history Received: July 15 1996 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share MailTo Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation M. Fontecave, S. Ménage, C. Duboc-Toia, J.-M. Vincent, C. Lambeaux; Model complexes of di-iron sites in methane mono-oxygenase and ribonucleotide reductase: structure and reactivity. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 1997; 25 (1): 65–69. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0250065 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: RNR, ribonucleotide reductase, MMO, methane mono-oxygenase, ENDOR, electron nuclear double resonance This content is only available as a PDF. © 1997 Biochemical Society1997 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Development of Orthogonal 2DLC Methods for Separation of Peptides (2008)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Previous Work Developing Orthogonal 2DLC Methods Conclusions Acknowledgment References
Re: Autologous Transplantation of Spermatogonial Stem Cells Restores Fertility in Congenitally Infertile Mice (2020)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey1 Nov 2020Re: Autologous Transplantation of Spermatogonial Stem Cells Restores Fertility in Congenitally Infertile Mice Anthony AtalaMD Anthony AtalaAnthony Atala More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000001263.02AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: Autologous Transplantation of Spermatogonial Stem Cells Restores Fertility in Congenitally Infertile Mice." The Journal of Urology, 204(5), p. 1101 Suggested Reading : Changes in inflammatory cytokines accompany deregulation of claudin-11, resulting in inter-Sertoli tight junctions in varicocele rat testes. J Urol 2016; 196: 1303. Link, Google Scholar © 2020 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 204Issue 5November 2020Page: 1101-1101 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2020 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Anthony Atala More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Hydrogen Peroxide Modifies Aβ–Membrane Interactions with Implications for Aβ40 Aggregation (2019)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is pathologically characterized by the formation of extracellular senile plaques, predominately comprised of aggregated β-amyloid (Aβ), deposited in the brain. Aβ aggregation can result in a myriad of distinct aggregate species, from soluble oligomers to insoluble fibrils. Aβ strongly interacts with membranes, which can be linked to a variety of potential toxic mechanisms associated with AD. Oxidative damage accompanies the formation of Aβ aggregates, with a 10-50% proportion of Aβ aggregates being oxidized in vivo. Hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) is a reactive oxygen species implicated in a number of neurodegenerative diseases. Recent evidence has demonstrated that the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> concentration fluctuates rapidly in the brain, resulting in large concentration spikes, especially in the synaptic cleft. Here, the impact of environmental H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> on Aβ aggregation in the presence and absence of lipid membranes is investigated. Aβ<sub>40</sub> was exposed to H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, resulting in the selective oxidation of methionine 35 (Met35) to produce Aβ<sub>40</sub>Met35[O]. While oxidation mildly reduced the rate of Aβ aggregation and produced a distinct fibril morphology at high H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> concentrations, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> had a much more pronounced impact on Aβ aggregation in the presence of total brain lipid extract vesicles. The impact of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> on Aβ aggregation in the presence of lipids was associated with a reduced affinity of Aβ for the vesicle surface. However, this reduced vesicle affinity was predominately associated with lipid peroxidation rather than Aβ oxidation.
Ultralow Threshold Optical Gain Enabled by Quantum Rings of Inverted Type‐I CdS/CdSe Core/Crown Nanoplatelets in the Blue (2021)

Abstract Achieving low‐threshold optical gain for solution‐processed materials is crucial for their real‐life applications and deployment as gain media. However, the realization of low gain threshold in the blue region has shown to be technically an extremely challenging task using colloidal nanocrystals as a result of fast nonradiative Auger rates in smaller nanocrystals. Here, ultralow‐threshold blue amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) (≈2.7 µJ cm −2 ) accompanied with a large net modal gain coefficient of 360 cm −1 in the blue enabled by blue‐emitting (≈455–465 nm) colloidal quantum rings (QRs) of inverted type‐I CdS/CdSe core/crown nanoplatelets (NPLs) is proposed and demonstrated. The synthesized QRs with controlled crown size outperform the best reported ASE thresholds and net modal gain coefficients from the solution‐processed materials by ≈2.5‐ and ≈4‐fold, respectively, in the similar blue spectral window. Utilizing this QR architecture, it is also shown that the ASE peak can be spectrally tuned by controlling the lateral size of the crown and hence quantum confinement in the lateral direction. These outstanding results support the prospects of these solution‐processed QRs made of 2D hetero‐NPLs in the challenging blue region as colloidal gain.
Ferroelectric liquid-crystal waveguide modulation based on a switchable uniaxial–uniaxial interface (1996)

Liquid crystals have effective electro-optic coefficients that are orders of magnitude larger than other integrated optical materials such as lithium niobate. However, previous studies of liquid-crystal waveguides have mainly focused on nematic liquid crystals, which exhibit impractically large scattering losses as waveguides. Studies of smectic liquid crystals and liquid crystals under strong confinement suggest the losses in these materials may be more manageable. In this study, the possibility of using ferroelectric liquid crystals in active waveguide modulators is explored through the analysis of several modulator configurations: a cutoff modulator, a deflection modulator, and an input coupler. As a way to study these structures, a mode-matching technique was developed to analyze the effects of a discontinuity in a uniaxial slab waveguide whose optic axis is in the plane of the waveguide. The results from the mode-matching technique were compared with those from simple bulk models. The analysis shows that ferroelectric liquid-crystal modulators have many desirable performance characteristics and could form the basis for practical waveguide modulators.
Lack of Antihypertensive Effect of Interleukin-2 Administration in Humans (1991)

Summary: A recent study reported that a single bolus dose of interleukin-2 (IL-2) decreased blood pressure to normal in adult hypertensive rats and prevented the development of spontaneous hypertension in young rats. The Surgery Branch of the National Cancer Institute has had extensive experience with the administration of IL-2. A review was performed focusing on the experience of IL-2 administration to cancer patients with established preexisting hypertension. Seventeen evaluable patients were identified. Sixteen of the patients experienced a return of their hypertension with the completion of therapy. One patient was able to stop his antihypertensive medications and remain normotensive for 3 months' follow-up. One normotensive patient developed hypertension after initiating IL-2 therapy. Our data do not demonstrate significant reduction in blood pressure in previously hypertensive patients undergoing high-dose IL-2 therapy.
TLR Ligands Stimulation Protects MSC from NK Killing (2013)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a fundamental role in allograft rejection and graft-versus-host disease through their immunosuppressive abilities. Recently, Toll-like receptors (TLR) have been shown to modulate MSC functions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of several TLR ligands on the interaction between MSC and natural killer (NK) cells. Our results show that TLR-primed adult bone marrow and embryonic MSC are more resistant than unprimed MSC to IL-2-activated NK-induced killing. Such protection can be explained by the modulation of Natural Killer group 2D ligands major histocompatibility complex class I chain A and ULBP3 and DNAM-1 ligands by TLR-primed MSC. These results indicate that MSCs are able to adapt their immuno-behavior in an inflammatory context, decreasing their susceptibility to NK killing. In addition, TLR3 but not TLR4-primed MSC enhance their suppressive functions against NK cells. However, the efficiency of this response is heterogeneous, even if the phenotypes of different analyzed MSC are rather homogeneous. The consequences could be important in MSC-mediated cell therapy, since the heterogeneity of adult MSC responders may be explored in order to select the more efficient responders.
Secondary Rotator Cuff Dysfunction Following Total Shoulder Arthroplasty for Primary Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis: Results of a Multicenter Study with More Than Five Years of Follow-up (2012)

In this study, rates of secondary rotator cuff dysfunction with moderate or severe superior subluxation of the prosthetic humeral head increased with the duration of follow-up and significantly influenced the clinical and radiographic outcome of total shoulder arthroplasty performed for primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis. Preoperative fatty infiltration of the infraspinatus muscle and implantation of the glenoid component with superior tilt were prognostic factors.
Illuminating dynamic neutrophil trans-epithelial migration with micro-optical coherence tomography (2017)

A model of neutrophil migration across epithelia is desirable to interrogate the underlying mechanisms of neutrophilic breach of mucosal barriers. A co-culture system consisting of a polarized mucosal epithelium and human neutrophils can provide a versatile model of trans-epithelial migration in vitro, but observations are typically limited to quantification of migrated neutrophils by myeloperoxidase correlation, a destructive assay that precludes direct longitudinal study. Our laboratory has recently developed a new isotropic 1-μm resolution optical imaging technique termed micro-optical coherence tomography (μOCT) that enables 4D (x,y,z,t) visualization of neutrophils in the co-culture environment. By applying μOCT to the trans-epithelial migration model, we can robustly monitor the spatial distribution as well as the quantity of neutrophils chemotactically crossing the epithelial boundary over time. Here, we demonstrate the imaging and quantitative migration results of our system as applied to neutrophils migrating across intestinal epithelia in response to a chemoattractant. We also demonstrate that perturbation of a key molecular event known to be critical for effective neutrophil trans-epithelial migration (CD18 engagement) substantially impacts this process both qualitatively and quantitatively.
ChemInform Abstract: Revisited 3′‐Deoxy‐3′‐C‐methyl‐β‐D‐ribonucleoside Series (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Tracking GPS Signals (2000)

One might think that the basic method of tracking a signal is to build a narrow-band filter around an input signal and follow it. In other words, while the frequency of the input signal varies over time, the center frequency of the filter must follow the signal. In the actual tracking process, the center frequency of the narrow-band filter is fixed, but a locally generated signal follows the frequency of the input signal. The phases of the input and locally generated signals are compared through a phase comparator. The output from the phase comparator passes through a narrow-band filter. Since the tracking circuit has a very narrow bandwidth, the sensitivity is relatively high in comparison with the acquisition method. When there are phase shifts in the carrier due to the C/A code, as in a GPS signal, the code must be stripped off first. The tracking process follows the signal and obtain the information of the navigation data. If a GPS receiver is stationary, the expected frequency change due to satellite movement is very slow as discussed earlier. Under this condition, the frequency change of the locally generated signal is also slow; therefore, the update rate of the tracking loop can be low. In other to strip off the C/A code another loop is needed. Thus, to track a GPS signal two tracking loops are required. One loop is used to track the carrier frequency and is referred to as the carrier loop. The other one is used to track the C/A code and is referred to as the code loop. In this chapter the basic loop concept is discussed first. Two tracking methods are discussed. The first one is the conventional tracking loop. The only unique point of this method is that the tracking loop is presented in digital form and the tracking is accomplished in software. The second method is referred to as the block adjustment of synchronizing signal (BASS) method. The BASS method is also implemented in software and the performance might be slightly sensitive to noise. The details of the two methods are presented.
Brain shape homologous modeling using sulcal-distribution index in MR images (2009)

The brain shape is deformed regionally by kinds of cerebral diseases and the degree of progress. Therefore quantitative evaluation of the deformation using MR images is effective for diagnosis of cerebral diseases. To evaluate the cerebral deformation, almost conventional methods are based on normalization of the brain shape which deforms the evaluating brain into the standardized brain. Because the normalization process does not take into account anatomical features such as the cerebral sulci and gyri, in some cases the normalization process produces that one sulcus of the evaluating brain miss-corresponds to the other sulcus of the standardized brain. This paper proposes a homologous brain shape modeling method for quantitative evaluation of the brain shape in MR images. We define a new image feature called sulcal-distribution index (SDI) to represent the 3-D distribution of sulci, and the proposed method deforms a template brain model so that SDI of the deformed brain model calculated from the evaluating brain MR images is similar to SDI of the template brain model. By using SDI, the proposed method can take into account anatomical features of the cerebral sulci. The experimental results showed that the proposed method homologically modeled the brain shape with a mean displacement of 1.3 mm.
Linearized modulator for suboctave-bandpass optical analog links (1994)

The spurious-free dynamic range of a suboctave externally modulated optical analog link can be improved (to >140 dB Hz/sup 4/5/) with modest received optical power and little noise figure penalty by using a simple linearized modulator. Its design consists of two standard Mach-Zehnder interferometric modulators in series, and so can operate at microwave frequencies. This paper develops standardized measures of linearized modulator performance, and uses them to evaluate the modulator; link examples are also given. A simple experiment verifies the basic theoretical predictions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
High-speed integrated optical modulators for advanced modulation formats (2006)

This paper describes high-speed integrated optical modulators for advanced modulation formats, such as differential quadrature-phase-shift-keying (DQPSK), continuous-phase frequency-shift-keying (CP-FSK), etc. 80Gbit/s optical DQPSK modulation was demonstrated by using the modulator consisting of four phase modulators.
European Union funded research projects on zoonoses, evaluation of the added value of a One Health Approach (2021)

The One Health approach, in which feed, food, animal health, public health and contamination of the environment are considered as very closely linked, is regarded as the best way to achieve significant progress of health in these fields. The current European Union funded projects aimed to achieve a major step forward for Europe in the domains of foodborne zoonoses and antimicrobial resistance. The 6th and 7th Framework programs initiated networks, such as ERA-Net, Networks of Excellence (NoE), Joint Program initiatives (JPI), Infrastructure program. The European Joint Action (JA) aims to promote synergies among the EU Member States by developing and implementing effective One Health policies to combat the growing threat of antibiotic resistance. The One Health European Joint Project (EJP) is a large co-funded project on emerging threats, zoonoses and antimicrobial resistance. If a One Health approach has been proposed to tackle the challenges by accepting that their complexity requires interdisciplinary approach, no standardized methodologies were available for quantitative evaluation of One Health activities. The Network for Evaluation of One Health (NEOH) represents a major contribution in that field. Key Words : One health, European Networks, Human-animal interface, Zoonoses, Antimicrobial resistance, Evaluation, Added value.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Synthesis of Paracetamol Glucuronide (III) from Paracetamol (II). (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fast Intra Mode Decision for H.264/AVC by Using the Approximation of DCT Coefficient (2007)

The H.264/AVC video coding standard uses rate distortion optimization (RDO) method to improve the compression performance in the intra prediction. The complexity and computational load are increased more than previous standard by using this method, even though this standard selects the best coding mode for the current macroblock. This paper proposes a fast intra mode decision algorithm for H.264/AVC encoder based on dominant edge direction (DED). To apply the idea, this algorithm uses the approximation of discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficient. By detecting the DED, 3 modes instead of 9 modes are chosen for RDO calculation to decide the best mode in the luma block. As for the luma and chroma block, instead of 4 modes, only 2 modes are searched. Experimental results show that the computation time of the proposed algorithm is decreased to about 72% of the full search method with negligible quality loss.
FSK distribution systems with optical preamplifiers (1991)

Frequency-division-multiple-access systems arranged in central passive-star configurations have emerged as a promising means of building communications networks. The necessary devices and systems issues have recently undergone rapid development. Distributed feedback lasers, either fixed-frequency or frequency-tunable, generally serve as transmitters. Although amplitude shift keying is simple, it appears that the modulation format of choice may be frequency-shift keying (FSK), implemented by direct modulation of the laser injection current. FSK systems not only require smaller bias currents but also yield low-chirp compact spectra that are conveniently demodulated and demultiplexed using tunable fiber Fabry-Perot interferometers. If each channel is modulated at 1 Gbit/s, such networks can attain throughputs of several hundred Gbit/s.