gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Decoupled flux control for molecular beam epitaxy (1993)

Improvement of the manufacturing capability for the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) process is demonstrated with respect to the consistent achievement of effusion cell flux stability of 1% of setpoint values. This performance was obtained by decoupling the principal sources of flux variability from each cell temperature control system including: cell shutter opening flux disturbances with implementation of a feedforward compensator that precisely cancels evaporant mass enthalpy transients; electric power frequency-correlation flux disturbances with substitution of heater DC drivers for the standard AC triac drivers; and flux process disorder resulting from coupled temperature controller proportional-integral-derivative (PID) tuning values with identification of decoupled trapezoidal PID tuning values.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A thermally cured 9,9-diarylfluorene-based triaryldiamine polymer displaying high hole mobility and remarkable ambient stability (2009)

We have synthesized and characterized a novel thermally polymerizable triaryldiamine monomer (VB-FNPD) possessing a styrene-functionalized 9,9-diarylfluorene core and have used time-of-flight transient photocurrent techniques to investigate the hole transport properties of its solution-processed and subsequently thermally cured (170 °C) polymer films. This novel polymeric material exhibits non-dispersive hole transport behavior with a high hole drift mobility (up to 10−4 cm2V−1 s−1). The film displayed remarkable ambient stability, even when exposed to air for one month. We tested the thermally generated polymer film as a hole transport material in organic light-emitting diodes incorporating tris(8-hydroxyquinolate) aluminium (Alq3) as the emission and electron transport layer. The device exhibited a maximum external quantum efficiency (ηex) of 1.4%, significantly better than that of the device prepared using the corresponding model compound VB-model (ηex = 1.1%).
ABT-898 Induces Tumor Regression and Prolongs Survival in a Mouse Model of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (2011)

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy and is often not diagnosed until late stages due to its asymptomatic nature. Women diagnosed with EOC typically undergo surgical debulking followed by chemotherapy; however, disease recurrence often occurs. In this study, we evaluated the ability of the thrombospondin-1 mimetic peptide, ABT-898, to regress established, late-stage tumors in a mouse model of human EOC. Ovarian tumors were induced and ABT-898 treatment was initiated at time points that were representative of late stages of the disease to study tumor regression. ABT-898 induced tumor regression and reduced the morbidity of treated animals compared with controls. Analysis of tumors from ABT-898-treated animals showed reduced abnormal tumor vasculature, decreased expression of the proangiogenic compound VEGF, and reduced tumor tissue hypoxia. ABT-898 treatment initiated at late-stage disease also significantly prolonged disease-free survival compared with control animals. Results from this study show that ABT-898 is capable of regressing established ovarian tumors in an animal model of the disease. As most women are detected at advanced stage EOC, ABT-898 may improve our treatment of ovarian cancer.
Selectivity of Competitive Multivalent Interactions at Interfaces (2009)

The development of synthetic, low-molecular-weight ligand receptor systems for the selective control of biomolecular interactions remains a major challenge. Binding of oligohistidine peptides to chelators containing Ni2+-loaded nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) moieties is one of the most widely used and best-characterised recognition systems. Recognition units containing multiple NTA moieties (multivalent chelator headgroups, MCHs) recognise oligohistidines with substantially increased binding affinities. Different multivalencies both at the level of the MCH and at that of the oligohistidine ligand provide a powerful means to vary the affinity of the interaction systematically. Here we have explored the selectivity for the binding of different oligohistidines to immobilised MCH. Using microarrays of mono-, bis-, tris- and tetrakis-NTA chelators spotted at different surface densities, we explored the ability of these binders to discriminate fluorescently labelled hexa- and decahistidine peptides. When hexa- and decahistidine were tested alone, the discrimination of ligands showed little dependence either on the nature or on the density of the chelator. In contrast, coincubation of both peptides decreased the affinity of hexahistidine, increased the affinity of decahistidine, and made the binding of decahistidine highly dependent on MCH density. Kinetic binding assays by dual-colour total internal reflection fluorescence spectroscopy revealed active exchange of His6 by His10 and confirmed the high selectivity towards His10. Our results establish the key role of surface multivalency for the selectivity of multivalent interactions at interfaces.
The crystal structure of the DNA-binding drug berenil: molecular modelling studies of berenil-DNA complexes (1987)

The crystal structure of the DNA minor-groove DNA-binding drug berenil has been determined. Molecular-modelling techniques have been used to establish plausible binding modes of the structure to A-T sequences. These have shown that specific hydrogen bonds are possible between the amidine groups of the drug molecule and 02 atoms of thymine, although global energy minimisations tended to emphasise electrostatic interactions with phosphate groups rather than these hydrogen bonds with bases.
High Quality Sinusoidal Modeling of Wideband Speech for the Purposes of Speech Synthesis and Modification (2006)

This paper describes an efficient sinusoidal modeling framework for high quality wide band (WB) speech synthesis and modification. This technique may serve as a basis for speech compression in the context of small footprint concatenative Text to Speech systems. In addition, it is a useful representation for voice transformation and morphing purposes, e.g., simultaneous pitch modification and spectral envelope warping. The conventional sinusoidal modeling is enhanced with an adaptive frequency dithering mechanism, based on a degree of voicing analysis. Considerable reduction of the amount of model parameters is achieved by high band phase extension. The proposed model is evaluated and compared to the alternative STRAIGHT framework [1]. Being simpler and considerably more efficient than STRAIGHT, it outperforms it in speech quality for both speech reconstruction and transformation.
Efficient Sampling-Based Kernel Mean Matching (2016)

Many real-world applications exhibit scenarios where distributions represented by training and test data are not similar, but related by a covariate shift, i.e., having equal class conditional distribution with unequal covariate distribution. Traditional data mining techniques suffer to learn a good predictive model in the presence of covariate shift. Recent studies have proposed approaches to address this challenge by weighing training instances based on density ratio between test and training data distributions. Kernel Mean Matching (KMM) is a well known method for estimating density ratio, but has time complexity cubic in the size of training data. Therefore, KMM is not suitable in real-world applications, especially in cases where the predictive model needs to be updated periodically with large training data. We address this challenge by taking fixed-size samples from training and test data, performing independent computations on these samples, and combining the results to obtain overall density ratio estimates. Our empirical evaluation demonstrates a large gain in execution time, while also achieving competitive accuracy on numerous benchmark datasets.
Novel Class of Tertiary Phosphine Ligands Based on a Phospha-adamantane Framework and Use in the Suzuki Cross-Coupling Reactions of Aryl Halides under Mild Conditions (2003)

[reaction: see text] A new class of sterically hindered phosphines based on a phospha-adamantane framework is described. Arylation or alkylation of the 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-2,4,8-trioxa-6-phospha-adamantane system allows for the preparation of tertiary phosphines suitable for use in palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. For example, use of a catalytic system incorporating Pd(2)(dba)(3) and 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-2,4,8-trioxa-6-phenyl-6-phospha-adamantane is shown to promote the Suzuki cross-coupling of aryl iodides, bromides, and activated chlorides with a variety of aryl boronic acids at room temperature in a few hours with high yields.
ActiveMoCap: Optimized Viewpoint Selection for Active Human Motion\n Capture (2019)

The accuracy of monocular 3D human pose estimation depends on the viewpoint\nfrom which the image is captured. While freely moving cameras, such as on\ndrones, provide control over this viewpoint, automatically positioning them at\nthe location which will yield the highest accuracy remains an open problem.\nThis is the problem that we address in this paper. Specifically, given a short\nvideo sequence, we introduce an algorithm that predicts which viewpoints should\nbe chosen to capture future frames so as to maximize 3D human pose estimation\naccuracy. The key idea underlying our approach is a method to estimate the\nuncertainty of the 3D body pose estimates. We integrate several sources of\nuncertainty, originating from deep learning based regressors and temporal\nsmoothness. Our motion planner yields improved 3D body pose estimates and\noutperforms or matches existing ones that are based on person following and\norbiting.\n
Ear-worn reference data collection and annotation for multimodal context-aware hearing instruments (2012)

In this work we present a newly developed ear-worn sensing and annotation device to unobtrusively capture head movements in real life situations. It has been designed in the context of developing multimodal hearing instruments (HIs), but is not limited to this application domain. The ear-worn device captures triaxial acceleration, rate of turn and magnetic field and features a one-button-approach for real-time data annotation through the user. The system runtime is over 5 hours at a sampling rate of 128 Hz. In a user study with 21 participants the device was perceived as comfortable and showed a robust hold at the ear. On the example of head acceleration data we perform unsupervised clustering to demonstrate the benefit of head movements for multimodal HIs. We believe the novel technology will help to push the boundaries of HI technology.
A genetically modified Plasmodium berghei parasite as a surrogate for whole-sporozoite vaccination against P. vivax malaria (2022)

Two malaria parasite species, Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) and P. vivax (Pv) are responsible for most of the disease burden caused by malaria. Vaccine development against this disease has focused mainly on Pf. Whole-sporozoite (WSp) vaccination, targeting pre-erythrocytic (PE) parasite stages, is a promising strategy for immunization against malaria and several PfWSp-based vaccine candidates are currently undergoing clinical evaluation. In contrast, no WSp candidates have been developed for Pv, mainly due to constraints in the production of Pv sporozoites in the laboratory. Recently, we developed a novel approach for WSp vaccination against Pf based on the use of transgenic rodent P. berghei (Pb) sporozoites expressing immunogens of this human-infective parasite. We showed that this platform can be used to deliver PE Pf antigens, eliciting both targeted humoral responses and cross-species cellular immune responses against Pf. Here we explored this WSp platform for the delivery of Pv antigens. As the Pv circumsporozoite protein (CSP) is a leading vaccine candidate antigen, we generated a transgenic Pb parasite, PbviVac, that, in addition to its endogenous PbCSP, expresses PvCSP under the control of a strictly PE promoter. Immunofluorescence microscopy analyses confirmed that both the PbCSP and the PvCSP antigens are expressed in PbviVac sporozoites and liver stages and that PbviVac sporozoite infectivity of hepatic cells is similar to that of its wild-type Pb counterpart. Immunization of mice with PbviVac sporozoites elicits the production of anti-PvCSP antibodies that efficiently recognize and bind to Pv sporozoites. Our results warrant further development and evaluation of PbviVac as a surrogate for WSp vaccination against Pv malaria.
Performance enhancement of an optical high-order QAM channel by adding correlated data to robust neighboring BPSK or QPSK channels (2018)

We numerically simulate and experimentally demonstrate an approach to potentially enhance the performance of a high-order quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) channel by adding correlated data to other robust binary-phase-shift-keyed (BPSK) or quadrature-phase-shift-keyed (QPSK) channels. The correlated data are introduced by optically multiplying the BPSK or QPSK channels, already modulated with their own data, by the target high-order QAM data of the same baud rate. After joint detection and signal processing, a ∼3 dB optical signal-to-noise (OSNR) improvement is observed in simulations by comparing the performance of the target QAM channel (from 4QAM to 256QAM) with and without the use of channel correlation. We also experimentally demonstrate the scheme for a QPSK or a 16QAM target channel using BPSK correlated channels. A ≥2 dB OSNR improvement is observed.
Supporting service differentiation in wireless packet networks using distributed control (2001)

This paper investigates differentiated services in wireless packet networks using a fully distributed approach that supports service differentiation, radio monitoring, and admission control. While our proposal is generally applicable to distributed wireless access schemes, we design, implement, and evaluate our framework within the context of existing wireless technology. Service differentiation is based on the IEEE 802.11 distributed coordination function (DCF) originally designed to support best-effort data services. We analyze the delay experienced by a mobile host implementing the IEEE 802.11 DCF and derive a closed-form formula. We then extend the DCF to provide service differentiation for delay-sensitive and best-effort traffic based on the results from the analysis. Two distributed estimation algorithms are proposed. These algorithms are evaluated using simulation, analysis, and experimentation. A virtual MAC (VMAC) algorithm passively monitors the radio channel and estimates locally achievable service levels. The VMAC estimates key MAC level statistics related to service quality such as delay, delay variation, packet collision, and packet loss. We show the efficiency of the VMAC algorithm through simulation and consider significantly overlapping cells and highly bursty traffic mixes. In addition, we implement and evaluate the VMAC in an experimental differentiated services wireless testbed. A virtual source (VS) algorithm utilizes the VMAC to estimate application-level service quality. The VS allows application parameters to be tuned in response to dynamic channel conditions based on "virtual delay curves." We demonstrate through simulation that when these distributed victual algorithms are applied to the admission control of the radio channel then a globally stable state can be maintained without the need for complex centralized radio resource management.
Ultrasonic intra-body networking: Interference modeling, stochastic channel access and rate control (2015)

We consider the problem of designing optimal network control algorithms for distributed networked systems of implantable medical devices wirelessly interconnected by means of ultrasonic waves, which are known to propagate better than radio-frequency electromagnetic waves in aqueous media such as human tissues. Specifically, we propose lightweight, asynchronous, and distributed algorithms for joint rate control and stochastic channel access designed to maximize the throughput of ultrasonic intra-body area networks under energy constraints. We first develop (and validate through testbed experiments) a statistical model of the ultrasonic channel and of the spatial and temporal variability of ultrasonic interference. Compared to in-air radio frequency (RF), human tissues show a much lower propagation speed, which further causes unaligned interference at the receiver. It is therefore inefficient to perform adaptation based on instantaneous channel state information (CSI). Based on this model, we formulate the problem of maximizing the network throughput by jointly controlling the transmission rate and the channel access probability over a finite time horizon based only on a statistical characterization of interference. We then propose a fully distributed solution algorithm, and through both simulation and testbed results, we show that the algorithm achieves considerable throughput gains compared with traditional algorithms.
Development of Telephoto Lens with Image Stabilizer for Camera. (1998)

The Canon EF 75-300 mm IS USM lens is the world's first interchangeable lens equipped with an image stabilizer. The production of this lens entailed the development of technologies to resolve the problems inherent to SLR cameras, including measures for ensuring optical performance even during image stabilization, for obtaining a wider range for image stabilization, and for normal photography without the image stabilizer turned on. A direct-drive image stabilizer mechanism and an image stabilizer locking mechanism with two actuators have been developed.
Technical Report for HW2VEC -- A Graph Learning Tool for Automating Hardware Security (2021)

In this technical report, we present HW2VEC [11], an open-source graph learning tool for hardware security, and its implementation details (Figure 1). HW2VEC provides toolboxes for graph representation extraction in the form of Data Flow Graphs (DFGs) or Abstract Syntax Trees (ASTs) from hardware designs at RTL and GLN levels. Besides, HW2VEC also offers graph learning tools for representing hardware designs in vectors that preserve both structural features and behavioral features. To the best of our knowledge, HW2VEC is the first open-source research tool that supports applying graph learning methods to hardware designs in different abstraction levels for hardware security. We organize the remainder of this technical report as follows: Section 2 introduces the architecture of HW2VEC; Section 3 gives information about the use-case implementations; Section 4 provides the experimental results and demonstrates the performance of HW2VEC for two hardware security applications: HT detection and IP piracy detection; finally, Section 5 will conclude this report.
Revolution/rotation‐type mixing‐assisted masterbatch process for polypropylene‐based high‐impact ternary nanocomposites (2017)

Polypropylene (PP)/maleic anhydride grafted poly(styrene‐b‐ethylene‐ co ‐butylene‐b‐styrene) triblock copolymer (SEBS‐ g ‐MA)/halloysite nanotube (HNT) ternary nanocomposites were prepared by two methods: one‐step simultaneous melt mixing (SM) of all components; and masterbatch‐based melt mixing (MB) involving revolution/rotation‐type high shear mixing of a concentrated solution of HNT and SEBS‐ g ‐MA, followed by melt blending with PP. Organically modified HNTs (Org‐HNTs) with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide were prepared via a special cryoscopic expansion/modification technique (C‐XP/M). The morphological structures and mechanical properties of the composites, as well as the amount of reinforcer/toughener‐compatibilizer (HNT/SEBS‐ g ‐MA) at a ratio of 1/3, were discussed as a function of SM and MB techniques. Morphological studies showed that the SM technique revealed microcomposite structures with large aggregates of Org‐HNTs in the matrix. In contrast, the MB technique, with the help of elastomeric phase encapsulation, resulted in the best HNT dispersion in the PP matrix, leading to improved mechanical properties. In particular, the PP‐based ternary nanocomposite with 3 wt % Org‐HNT and 9 wt % SEBS‐ g ‐MA prepared by the MB method exhibited ∼200% higher impact strength compared with PP, attributed to well dispersed, encapsulated, and compatibilized HNTs in the matrix, which created a good balance between stiffness and toughness. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:24–36, 2019. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers
Method of determining methane and electrochemical sensor therefor (2023)

A method and instrument including an electrochemical cell for the detection and measurement of methane in a gas by the oxidation of methane electrochemically at a working electrode in a nonaqueous electrolyte at a voltage about about 1.4 volts versus R.H.E. (the reversible hydrogen electrode potential in the same electrolyte), and the measurement of the electrical signal resulting from the electrochemical oxidation.
Information Hierarchies Optimize Patient-Centered Solutions (2012)

Enabling science and information technologies has catalyzed a surge of biological, clinical, demographic, health services, and comparative-effectiveness data. While accelerating the deconvolution of complex pathophysiological, medical, social, and environmental networks and systems, these platforms have produced informational quanta devoid of contextualization. Therapeutic innovation is thus now challenged with moving beyond knowledge generation and curation to integrated solution-seeking paradigms that organize functionally related information, producing system-level insights into health and disease for optimized patient-centered outcomes. This annual issue on therapeutics innovations highlights emerging considerations for the generation and hierarchical organization of scientific and clinical information and its translation to advancing next-generation disease management.
Sub-10-femtosecond active synchronization of two passively mode-locked Ti:sapphire oscillators (2001)

Two independent mode-locked femtosecond lasers are synchronized to an unprecedented precision. The rms timing jitter between the lasers is 4.3 fs, observed within a 160-Hz bandwidth over minutes. Multistage phase-locked loops help to preserve this ultrahigh timing resolution throughout the entire delay range between pulses (10 ns). We also demonstrate that the same level of synchronization can be achieved with two lasers at different repetition frequencies.
Interleukin 18 Contributes to Host Resistance and Gamma Interferon Production in Mice Infected with VirulentSalmonella typhimurium (1999)

Spleen and peritoneal macrophages obtained from innately resistant A/J mice released low levels of interleukin 18 (IL-18) upon infection with Salmonella typhimurium C5 RP4. Incubating the cells with recombinant gamma interferon (rIFN-gamma) enhanced IL-18 production. A/J mice treated in vivo with anti-IL-18 antibodies showed impaired resistance to infection, with increased bacterial loads in the liver and spleen. Administration of rIL-18 could protect A/J mice from challenge with a lethal dose of virulent salmonellae, with a dramatic reduction in bacterial numbers in the tissues. rIL-18 administration did not ameliorate the disease in IFN-gamma-R-/- mice. IL-18 proved to be required for IFN-gamma production by mouse splenocytes from conventional, scid, and rag-1(-/-) mice; in vivo IL-18 neutralization caused a decrease in circulating IFN-gamma levels. Thus, IL-18 is a key factor in early host resistance to Salmonella and probably acts via IFN-gamma.