gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermally Induced Transformations of Amorphous Carbon Nanostructures Fabricated by Electron Beam Induced Deposition (2011)

We studied the thermally induced phase transformations of electron-beam-induced deposited (EBID) amorphous carbon nanostructures by correlating the changes in its morphology with internal microstructure by using combined atomic force microscopy (AFM) and high resolution confocal Raman microscopy. These carbon deposits can be used to create heterogeneous junctions in electronic devices commonly known as carbon-metal interconnects. We compared two basic shapes of EBID deposits: dots/pillars with widths from 50 to 600 nm and heights from 50 to 500 nm and lines with variable heights from 10 to 150 nm but having a constant length of 6 μm. We observed that during thermal annealing, the nanoscale amorphous deposits go through multistage transformation including dehydration and stress-relaxation around 150 °C, dehydrogenation within 150-300 °C, followed by graphitization (>350 °C) and formation of nanocrystalline, highly densified graphitic deposits around 450 °C. The later stage of transformation occurs well below commonly observed graphitization for bulk carbon (600-800 °C). It was observed that the shape of the deposits contribute significantly to the phase transformations. We suggested that this difference is controlled by different contributions from interfacial footprints area. Moreover, the rate of graphitization was different for deposits of different shapes with the lines showing a much stronger dependence of its structure on the density than the dots.
Efficient Search of Multi-Dimensional B-Trees (1995)

Data in relational databases is frequently stored and retrieved using B-Trees. In &cis,ion isugprt applications the key of the B-Tree frequently involves the concatenation of several fields of the relationdl’ table. During retrieval, it is desirable to be able to access a small subset of the table based’ on partial key information, where some fields of the key may either not be present, involve ranges, or lists ‘of values. It is also advantageous to altow. this type, of access-with gen&il expressions involving any combination of disjuncts on key columns. This paper &scribes a method whereby BTrees can be eficiently used to retrieve small subsets, thus avoiding large scans of potentially huge tables. Another benefit is the ability of this method to reduce the need for additional secondary indexes, thus saving space, maintenance cost, and random accesses.
Dendritic Multiporphyrin Arrays as Light-Harvesting Antennae: Effects of Generation Number and Morphology on Intramolecular Energy Transfer (2002)

A series of star- and cone-shaped dendritic multiporphyrin arrays, (nPZn)4PFB and (nPZn)1PFB, respectively, that contain energy-donating dendritic zinc porphyrin (PZn) wedges of different numbers (n = 1, 3, and 7) of the PZn units, attached to an energy-accepting free-base porphyrin (PFB) core, were synthesized by a convergent growth approach. For the cone-shaped series ((nPZn)1PFB), the efficiency of energy transfer (phi ENT) from the photoexcited PZn units to the focal PFB core, as evaluated from the fluorescence lifetimes of the PZn units, considerably decreased as the generation number increased: (1PZn)1PFB (86%), (3PZn)1PFB (66%), and (7PZn)1PFB (19%). In sharp contrast, the star-shaped series ((nPZn)4PFB) all showed high phi ENT values: (1PZn)4PFB (87%), (3PZn)4PFB (80%), and (7PZn)4PFB (71%). Energy transfer efficiencies of (3PZn)4-ester-PFB, (1PZn)4-ester-PFB, and (3PZn)1-ester-PFB, whose dendritic PZn wedges are connected by an ester linkage to the PFB core, were almost comparable to those of the corresponding ether-linked versions. Fluorescence depolarization (P) studies showed much lower P values for star-shaped (7PZn)4PFB and (3PZn)4PFB than cone-shaped (7PZn)1PFB and (3PZn)1PFB, respectively, indicating a highly efficient energy migration among the PZn units in the star-shaped series. Such a morphology-assisted photochemical event is probably responsible for the excellent light-harvesting activity of large (7PZn)4PFB molecules.
Electron beam induced surface nucleation and low temperature thermal decomposition of metal carbonyls (1988)

Selective area deposition of iron, chromium, and tungsten thin films via thermal decomposition of their respective carbonyls has been performed on electron beam deposited pre‐nucleated layers. The prenucleated layers were deposited either by gas phase or surface electron induced dissociation of the respective carbonyl, depending on the chemical system and operating conditions used. The presence of this layer effectively lowers the activation energy for the decomposition event. The activation energies for the decomposition of the metal carbonyls on their respective prenucleated layers were measured over the temperature range 125 to 350 C and found to be lower than for decomposition on clean silicon. The kinetics of formation of the prenucleated layers were measured over the temperature range 125 to 350 C and found to be lower than for decomposition on clean silicon. The kinetics of formation of the prenucleated layers were measured over the temperature range 125 to 350 C and found to be lower than for decomposition on clean silicon. The kinetics of formation of the prenucleated layer suggest that the formation of stable nuclei is dependent on the rate of desorption of CO from the surface. Electron stimulated desorption of CO is proposed as the mechanism for production of nuclei at low temperature by electron bombardment. Structure and composition of the nucleated layer and deposited film were examined by TEM, SEM, AES, and EDX.
Comparative analysis of cardiac mechano-energetics in isolated hearts supported by pulsatile or rotary blood pumps (2019)

The previously more frequently implanted pulsatile blood pumps (PBPs) showed higher recovery rates than the currently preferred rotary blood pumps (RBPs), with unclear causality. The aim of this study was to comparatively assess the capability of PBPs and RPBs to unload the left ventricle and maintain cardiac energetics as a possible implication for recovery. An RBP and a heartbeat synchronized PBP were alternately connected to isolated porcine hearts. Rotational speed of RBPs was set to different support levels. For PBP support, the start of ejection was phased to different points during the cardiac cycle, prescribed as percentage delays from 0% to 90%. Cardiac efficiency, quantified by the ratio of external work over myocardial oxygen consumption, was determined. For RBP support, higher degrees of RBP support correlated with lower left atrial pressures (LAP) and lower cardiac efficiency (r = 0.91 ± 0.12). In contrast, depending on the phase delay of a PBP, LAP and cardiac efficiency exhibited a sinusoidal relationship with the LAP minimum at 90% and efficiency maximum at 60%. Phasing of a PBP offers the possibility to maintain a high cardiac efficiency and simultaneously unload the ventricle. These results warrant future studies investigating whether optimized cardiac energetics promotes functional recovery with LVAD therapy.
Comparison of viscoplastic Properties for Polycarbonate, Polypropylene, and High Density Polyethylene (2010)

The viscoplastic behavior of high density polyethylene, polypropylene, and polycarbonate under uniaxial tensile loading at constant strain rate and large strains was studied. Standard ASTM samples of the polymers cast by injection molding were tested at room temperature and constant crosshead speed; testing was conducted in the range of 5 to 300 mm/min. A single constitutive relation which captures the plastic flow behavior of all three polymers was found as a function of strain and strain rate in the range of 0.01 to 0.1 s. The values of the model parameters for each polymer are presented. A relation for the yielding of the polymeric materials as a function of strain rate is also reported.
Distant infection and the risk of Prosthetic Joint Infection (PJI): A case control study (2010)

Background: The risk of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) associated with prior distant organ infection has not been assessed. Methods: We performed a single-center, case-control study between December 2001 and May 2006 in a 2000 bed tertiary care hospital in Rochester, Minnesota. Cases were patients hospitalized with total hip or knee arthroplasty infection. Controls were patients with a total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) hospitalized within the same time period without a prosthetic joint infection. Controls were frequency matched to cases by prosthesis location. Data regarding demographic features and potential risk factors related to the development of a PJI were collected. Logistic regression was used to assess the association of variables with the odds of infection. Results: There were 339 cases and 339 controls. 164/339(48.4%) cases had a THA and 175/339(51.6%) had a TKA. The two most common organisms responsible for PJI were Staphylococcus coagulase negative and S. aureus, encountered in 101/339(30%) and 95/339(28%) of cases respectively. 111/339(32.7%) of cases and 62/339(18.3%) of controls had a distant organ infection in the preceding two years prior to the development of PJI (adjusted odds ratio, 2.18 [95% CI 1.46 - 3.26]; p-value < 0.0001). The two most common distant infections were Urinary Tract Infection (33/339 cases and 22/339 controls) and Respiratory Infection(31/339 cases and 23/339 controls). Blood stream infection within two years preceding the development of PJI occured in 14/339 cases and none in controls. Conclusion: Prior distant organ infection is independently associated with an increased risk of PJI. Patients with an arthroplasty and a distant organ infection should be evaluated and treated promptly. Abstracts for SupplementInternational Journal of Infectious DiseasesVol. 14Preview Full-Text PDF Open Archive
A Portable Needle-free Jet Injector Based on a Custom High Power-density Voice-coil Actuator (2006)

We have constructed a portable needle-free drug injection (NFI) device based upon a custom voice-coil linear actuator. Our actuator is optimized to provide high instantaneous force (> 200 N) and power (4 kW) while still allowing a total stroke of 25 mm. The actuator is relatively inexpensive, compact, and lightweight, allowing it to serve as the force generator in a portable, reusable, handheld NFI system. The actuator is capable of accelerating liquid drug in quantities of up to 250 μL to a speed of more than 200 ms-1. The repeatability of a 50 μL volume ejection is better than ± 1 μL.
Competitive aminal formation during the synthesis of a highly soluble, isopropyl-decorated imine porous organic cage (2023)

The synthesis of a new porous organic cage decorated with isopropyl moieties (CC21) was achieved from the reaction of triformylbenzene and an isopropyl functionalised diamine. Unlike structurally analogous porous organic cages, its synthesis proved challenging due to competitive aminal formation, rationalised using control experiments and computational modelling. The use of an additional amine was found to increase conversion to the desired cage.
Nanostructures in Biodiagnostics (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Improved Classification of Benign and Malignant Breast Lesions Using Deep Feature Maximum Intensity Projection MRI in Breast Cancer Diagnosis Using Dynamic Contrast-enhanced MRI (2021)

Incorporating 4D information in DCE MRI by MIP of features in deep transfer learning demonstrated superior classification performance compared with using MIP images as input in the task of distinguishing between benign and malignant breast lesions.<b>Keywords:</b> Breast, Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), MR-Dynamic Contrast Enhanced, Supervised learning, Support vector machines (SVM), Transfer learning, Volume Analysis © RSNA, 2021.
Physical aging of an amorphous polyimide: Enthalpy relaxation and mechanical property changes (1999)

The physical aging behavior of an isotropic amorphous polyimide possessing a glass transition temperature of approximately 239°C was investigated for aging temperatures ranging from 174 to 224°C. Enthalpy recovery was evaluated as a function of aging time following sub-Tg annealing in order to assess enthalpy relaxation rates, and time-aging time superposition was employed in order to quantify mechanical aging rates from creep compliance measurements. With the exception of aging rates obtained for aging temperatures close to Tg, the enthalpy relaxation rates exhibited a significant decline with decreasing aging temperature while the creep compliance aging rates remained relatively unchanged with respect to aging temperature. Evidence suggests distinctly different relaxation time responses for enthalpy relaxation and mechanical creep changes during aging. The frequency dependence of dynamic mechanical response was probed as a function of time during isothermal aging, and failure of time-aging time superposition was evident from the resulting data. Compared to the creep compliance testing, the dynamic mechanical analysis probed the shorter time portion of the relaxation response which involved the additional contribution of a secondary relaxation, thus leading to failure of superposition. Room temperature stress-strain behavior was also monitored after aging at 204°C, with the result that no discernible embrittlement due to physical aging was detected despite aging-induced increases in yield stress and modulus. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 37: 1931–1946, 1999
Early satiety and postprandial fullness in gastroparesis correlate with gastroparesis severity, gastric emptying, and water load testing (2016)

Early satiety and PPF are commonly severe symptoms in both diabetic and idiopathic gastroparesis. Early satiety and PPF severity are associated with other gastroparesis symptom severities, body weight, quality of life, gastric emptying, and water load testing. Thus, ES and PPF are important symptoms characterizing gastroparesis. ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT NCT01696747.
Surgical Exposures in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty (2006)

Therapeutic study, level IV (case series). See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 6β‐Methoxy‐6α‐hydroxymethylpenems. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Skeleton Plays Piano: Online Generation of Pianist Body Movements from MIDI Performance (2018)

Generating expressive body movements of a pianist for a given symbolic sequence of key depressions is important for music interaction, but most existing methods cannot incorporate musical context information and generate movements of body joints that are further away from the fingers such as head and shoulders. This paper addresses such limitations by directly training a deep neural network system to map a MIDI note stream and additional metric structures to a skeleton sequence of a pianist playing a keyboard instrument in an online fashion. Experiments show that (a) incorporation of metric information yields in 4% smaller error, (b) the model is capable of learning the motion behavior of a specific player, and (c) no significant difference between the generated and real human movements is observed by human subjects in 75% of the pieces.
Association of Achieved Dialysis Dose with Mortality in the Hemodialysis Study (2005)

In the intention-to-treat analysis of the Hemodialysis Study, all-cause mortality did not differ significantly between the high versus standard hemodialysis dose groups. The association of mortality with delivered dose within each of the two randomized treatment groups was examined, and implications for observational studies were considered. Time-dependent Cox regression was used to relate the relative risk (RR) for mortality to the running mean of the achieved equilibrated Kt/V (eKt/V) over the preceding 4 mo. eKt/V was categorized by quintiles within each dose group. Analyses were controlled for case-mix factors and baseline anthropometric volume. Within each randomized dose group, mortality was elevated markedly when achieved eKt/V was in the lowest quintile (RR, 1.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.40 to 2.66; P < 0.0001 in the standard-dose group; RR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.50 to 2.76; P < 0.0001 in the high-dose group; RR relative to the middle quintiles). The mortality rate in the lowest eKt/V quintile of the high-dose group was higher than in the full standard-dose group (RR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.29 to 1.96; P < 0.0001). Each 0.1 eKt/V unit below the group median was associated with a 58% higher mortality in the standard-dose group (P < 0.001) and a 37% higher mortality in the high-dose group (P < 0.001). The magnitude of these dose-mortality effects was seven- to 12-fold higher than the upper limit of the 95% CI from the intention-to-treat analysis. The effects were attenuated in lagged analyses but did not disappear. When dialysis dose is targeted closely, as under the controlled conditions of the Hemodialysis Study, patients with the lowest achieved dose relative to their target dose experience markedly increased mortality, to a degree that is not compatible with a biologic effect of dose. The possibility of similar (albeit smaller) biases should be considered when analyzing observational data sets relating mortality to achieved dose of dialysis.
Modeling uphill diffusion of Mg implants in GaAs using suprem-i v (1992)

Transient, uphill diffusion of implanted Mg in GaAs during a 900 °C anneal is simulated using suprem-iv. The diffusion is believed to occur via the substitutional-interstitial-diffusion (SID) mechanism, with excess interstitials and vacancies produced by the implantation process causing this abnormal diffusion behavior. The SID mechanism is shown to be equivalent, in terms of the governing equations, to the interstitial-dopant pair diffusion model used in suprem-iv. This allows one to use suprem-iv, a silicon process simulator that includes dopant–point-defect interactions, to model uphill diffusion once the appropriate diffusivity and defect parameters are included. The profiles of excess interstitials and vacancies produced by the implantation process are obtained from Boltzmann transport equation calculations. The transient uphill diffusion phenomenon can be well simulated using the diffusion model in suprem-iv, with the dopant diffusing from the region of excess interstitials toward the surface and the region of excess vacancies. Once the defect concentrations return to their steady-state levels, either by diffusion, recombination, or capture by sinks, the normal concentration-dependent diffusion into the substrate occurs.
Pseudorabies virus envelope glycoproteins gp50 and gII are essential for virus penetration, but only gII is involved in membrane fusion (1992)

To investigate the function of the envelope glycoproteins gp50 and gII of pseudorabies virus in the entry of the virus into cells, we used linker insertion mutagenesis to construct mutant viruses that are unable to express these proteins. In contrast to gD mutants of herpes simplex virus, gp50 mutants, isolated from complementing cells, were able to form plaques on noncomplementing cells. However, progeny virus released from these cells was noninfectious, although the virus was able to adsorb to cells. Thus, the virus requires gp50 to penetrate cells but does not require it in order to spread by cell fusion. This finding indicates that fusion of the virus envelope with the cell membrane is not identical to fusion of the cell membranes of infected and uninfected cells. In contrast to the gp50 mutants, the gII mutant was unable to produce plaques on noncomplementing cells. Examination by electron microscopy of cells infected by the gII mutant revealed that enveloped virus particles accumulated between the inner and outer nuclear membranes. Few noninfectious virus particles were released from the cell, and infected cells did not fuse with uninfected cells. These observations indicate that gII is involved in several membrane fusion events, such as (i) fusion of the viral envelope with the cell membrane during penetration, (ii) fusion of enveloped virus particles with the outer nuclear membrane during the release of nucleocapsids into the cytoplasm, and (iii) fusion of the cell membranes of infected and uninfected cells.
New Prognostic Score Based on Treatment Outcome of Patients With Relapsed Hodgkin's Lymphoma Registered in the Database of the German Hodgkin's Lymphoma Study Group (2002)

In the GHSG database, time to relapse and clinical stage and anemia at relapse are relevant factors and can be used to form a prognostic score for HD patients at relapse.
Abstract 2159: Label-free impedance analysis as a versatile tool for dynamic screening of cancer molecular therapeutics (2019)

In vitro monitoring cancer cells response to treatment often involves laborious sample processing and collects single data points that are against the dynamic nature of cancer cells. Here we present the adaptation of an impedance-based methodology to dynamically monitor cancer cell behavior and therapeutic response. The technology detects cell death, proliferation or migration by measuring changes in conductance of microelectrodes embedded in 96 and 384-wells cell culture plates. It avoids sample labeling and processing and allows continuous monitoring of cell response. Our data shows validation with cancer cell lines and primary cells monitored for cell invasion/migration through transwells or after a scratch has been performed with a dedicated device, anticancer drug response and receptor signaling activation, with similar results over end point assays. Easy experiment set up and minimal sample processing make the technology ideal for applications in large screening campaigns, while label-free technology allows less artifacts and further analysis on the same samples through orthogonal assays.Citation Format: Fabio Cerignoli, Biao Xi, Brandon Lamarche, Leyna Zhao, Yama Abassi. Label-free impedance analysis as a versatile tool for dynamic screening of cancer molecular therapeutics [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2159.
Image-based adaptive optics for imaging and microscopy (2008)

We present an overview of a wavefront sensor-less adaptive optics scheme for microscopy based upon the optimisation of a metric related to the spatial frequency content of images. Aberrations are expanded as a series of suitable functions that permit the independent optimisation of each aberration mode. A general scheme to derive these modes theoretically and experimentally is presented. Resulting aberration correction is demonstrated in an incoherent transmission imaging system and in a structured illumination microscope.
Principal component analysis of knee angle waveforms during race walking (2007)

This study aimed at understanding whether principal component analysis (PCA) may be useful to characterize race-walkers abilities at different performance levels. Seven young&#13;\nrace-walkers of national and international rank were recruited. PCA was applied for classifying and detecting the structure of knee sagittal angle. This statistical technique&#13;\nallowed extracting multidimensional features that capture the greatest variation in race walking data. The scores, i.e. the projections of the original data on the components, revealed to be good discriminative factors for performance level detection. Finally, the underlying linear structure of the principal components provided a biomechanical interpretation of motor skill. The best athletes were able to correctly lock the knee during the mid-stance; the worst ones tended to bend the knee prematurely.