gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of Biological Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Depth Profiling by Ultrashort Laser Pulses (2014)

Biological mass spectrometry (MS) imaging serves to visualize the spatial distribution of molecules directly from mammalian, or plant tissue, and microbial biofilms. Maps of hundreds of molecules from such samples are welcome in many areas of biomedical research. MS imaging faces three challenges: molecular tomography to allow 3D molecular mapping; overcoming of the current limits of spatial resolution; minimization of sample preparation. The work in the present thesis evaluated the fundamental feasibility of using the near-IR ultrashort laser pulses both as a microprobe for high resolution 2D MS imaging and for in situ depth profiling. It was shown that sub-100 fs, ~800 nm laser pulses can be used to ablate ~10 μm thick topmost layer from the surface of ~100 μm thick bacterial biofilms leaving behind underlying layer exposed for subsequent MS analysis. Similarly, it was found that fs laser ablation can remove several tens of micrometers from the surface of an eye lens tissue with precision of ±5 μm. MS analysis from intact and ablated biofilms indicated no chemical degradation of an antibiotic doped therein, while MS analysis of cholesterol, phospholipids, peptides, and various unidentified endogenous species from the intact and ablated eye lens tissue revealed only minor chemical damage caused by fs laser ablation. Finally, ultrashort pulse laser desorption coupled with postionization by 10.5 eV laser pulses was used to analyze simulated and actual biological substrates spiked with thermometer molecule 4-chlorbenzylpyridinium (CBP) chloride. Internal energy (Eint) of CBP ion produced under MS imaging-like experimental conditions corresponding to ~30 µm spatial resolution was found to be comparable to that of established “soft” MS imaging techniques such as MALDI-MS.
Great Lake Review Fall 2014 (2014)

Great Lake Review is SUNY Oswego's student-edited literary and art magazine. Great Lake Review is published, in general, every semester, and contains primarily student art, poetry, fiction, and other literary works.
A Microphase Separation Strategy for the Infrared Transparency‐Thermomechanical Property Conundrum in Sulfur‐Rich Copolymers (2023)

Abstract With intrinsic optical and dynamic properties of polysulfide chains, inverse vulcanized copolymers have demonstrated immense potential for infrared (IR) optical applications. However, preparing highly IR‐transparent sulfur‐rich copolymers without sacrificing their thermomechanical properties remains challenging. To overcome the trade‐off relationship between IR optical and thermomechanical properties, an in situ microphase separation strategy for the inverse vulcanization of elemental sulfur utilizing self‐crosslinkable 1,3,5‐trivinylbenzene (TVB) is presented. Even with 80 wt% sulfur content, the microphase‐separated TVB‐rich domain self‐reinforces the copolymer with a noteworthy modulus of ≈2.0 GPa and a high glass transition temperature ( T g ) of 92.6 °C, while still exhibiting outstanding IR optical properties. This work is expected to provide insights into the fundamental structure–property relationships of sulfur‐rich copolymers and pave the way for various practical applications.
Fred Hollows Lecture: Hypertensive retinopathy – a journey from fundoscopy to digital imaging (2006)

Hypertensive retinopathy refers to a spectrum of retinal microvascular signs that develop in response to elevated blood pressure. These signs are broadly divided into localized signs (focal retinal arteriolar narrowing, arteriovenous nicking, retinal haemorrhages, cotton wool spots, hard exudates and microaneurysms) and diffuse signs (generalized retinal arteriolar narrowing, arterial wall opacification and optic disc oedema). Although their association with systemic morbidity was recognized more than a century ago, the prognostic significance of hypertensive retinopathy has not received much attention. In large part, this is because clinical assessment of hypertensive retinopathy signs with the direct fundoscopy has proven imprecise. Data from large population-based studies in the past decade, using retinal photographic methods to define hypertensive retinopathy signs, have provided new insights into the epidemiology, systemic associations and clinical significance of hypertensive retinopathy. These studies show that hypertensive retinopathy signs are common (up to 14% of adults aged 40 years and older, even in those without clinical diabetes or hypertension) and are strongly associated with blood pressure. Various retinopathy signs predict the risk of stroke, congestive heart failure and cardiovascular mortality, independent of blood pressure and other risk factors. These data suggest that patients with hypertensive retinopathy signs may benefit from a careful cardiovascular evaluation, and appropriate risk reduction therapy if indicated. Future advances in digital retinal imaging technology will allow researchers and clinicians to better chart and monitor the vascular effects of hypertension.
Efficient isotropic BRDF measurement (2003)

In this paper we present novel reflectance measurement procedures that require fewer total measurements than standard uniform sampling approaches. First, we acquire densely sampled reflectance data for a large collection of different materials. Using these densely sampled measurements we analyze the general surface reflectance function to determine the local signal variation at each point in the function's domain. We then use wavelet analysis to derive a common basis for all of the acquired reflectance functions as well as a corresponding non-uniform sampling pattern that corresponds to all non-zero wavelet coefficients. Second, we show that the reflectance of an arbitrary material can be represented as a linear combination of the surface reflectance functions. Furthermore, our analysis provides a reduced set of sampling points that permits us to robustly estimate the coefficients of this linear combination. These procedures dramatically shorten the acquisition time for isotropic reflectance measurements. We present a detailed description and analysis of our measurement approaches and sampling strategies.
Design of a dual-band LTE MIMO antenna to be embedded in automotives (2015)

A dual-band MIMO antenna is designed for automotive-based LTE communication. Basically, a monopole antenna is modified to resonate at a 900-MHz LTE band and a 1.9-GHz area, and to occupy a small real estate. Due to the dual-band resonance and radiation as one physical body, when this antenna is extended to the MIMO structure, the overall volume is relatively small to fit the space under the navigation monitoring box of a car. The design shows the antenna gain over 1 dBi and the return loss below ™10 dB for the two LTE bands.
Oncogenic mutations in intestinal adenomas regulate Bim-mediated apoptosis induced by TGF-β (2014)

In the majority of microsatellite-stable colorectal cancers (CRCs), an initiating mutation occurs in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) or β-catenin gene, activating the β-catenin/TCF pathway. The progression of resulting adenomas is associated with oncogenic activation of KRas and inactivation of the p53 and TGF-β/Smad functions. Most established CRC cell lines contain mutations in the TGF-β/Smad pathway, but little is known about the function of TGF-β in the early phases of intestinal tumorigenesis. We used mouse and human ex vivo 3D intestinal organoid cultures and in vivo mouse models to study the effect of TGF-β on the Lgr5(+) intestinal stem cells and their progeny in intestinal adenomas. We found that the TGF-β-induced apoptosis in Apc-mutant organoids, including the Lgr5(+) stem cells, was mediated by up-regulation of the BH3-only proapoptotic protein Bcl-2-like protein 11 (Bim). BH3-mimetic compounds recapitulated the effect of Bim not only in the adenomas but also in human CRC organoids that had lost responsiveness to TGF-β-induced apoptosis. However, wild-type intestinal crypts were markedly less sensitive to TGF-β than Apc-mutant adenomas, whereas the KRas oncogene increased resistance to TGF-β via the activation of the Erk1/2 kinase pathway, leading to Bim down-regulation. Our studies identify Bim as a critical mediator of TGF-β-induced apoptosis in intestinal adenomas and show that the common progression mutations modify Bim levels and sensitivity to TGF-β during intestinal adenoma development.
Abstract 13721: Heart Rate Reduction by If-Channel Blockade With Ivabradine Stimulates Collateral Artery Growth in Hypercholesterolemic Atherosclerosis (2011)

Background: Collateral artery growth protects from ischemia. Heart rate correlates with vascular events in patients with arterial obstructive disease. Here, we tested the effects of heart rate redu...
Paranasal Aspergillosis in Patients Prior to Liver Transplantation (2011)

Bum Gyoon Kim, M.D., Youngnam Roh, M.D., Hyunghwan Moon, M.D., Tae-Seok Kim, M.D., Sanghoon Lee, M.D., Sanghyun Song, M.D., Milljae Shin, M.D., Jong Man Kim, M.D., Choon Hyuck David Kwon, M.D., Sung Joo Kim, M.D., Jae-Won Joh, M.D. and Suk-Koo Lee, M.D.. J Korean Soc Transplant 2011;25:245-8. https://doi.org/10.4285/jkstn.2011.25.4.245
Distance between Great Vessels and the Lumbar Spine: MRI Study for Anterior Longitudinal Ligament Release Through a Lateral Approach (2016)

<b>Objective</b> Anterior column reconstruction using the lateral transpsoas approach requires sectioning of the anterior longitudinal ligament while protecting the great vessels. Our aim was to study the anatomical plane of separation between the retroperitoneal vessels and the anterior aspect of the lumbar spine as they relate to safety in the lateral transpsoas anterior column reconstruction procedure. <b>Method</b> A total of 100 T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations were studied. Measurements were obtained for each vertebral body and for each intervertebral disk levels from L1-L2 to L4-L5, and for these vessels: abdominal aorta, inferior vena cava , and common iliac vessels. The following parameters were obtained: (sagittal) total lumbar lordosis and segmental lordosis; (axial) closest distance (areolar space [AS]) between the lumbar spine and vessels; and position of the great vessels. <b>Results</b> The AS was differently distributed for the abdominal aorta and the inferior vena cava. Average values for the inferior vena cava were larger at upper levels (<i>p</i> < 0.001; range: 0.2-9.2 mm), and there were differences between the arteries among the levels (<i>p</i> < 0.001; range: 1.0-4.3 mm) but with no clear difference between the upper and lower lumbar spine. A narrower AS was found at the intervertebral disk level compared with the adjacent vertebral body. At L4-L5, the veins usually lay over the anterior border of the lumbar spine, with substantially wider AS at other lumbar levels. <b>Conclusion</b> The plane between the great vessels and the lumbar spine is differently distributed along the lumbar spine and is especially narrow at lower lumbar levels and in front of the intervertebral disk. The results shown here may help guide surgical decision making for the lateral anterior column reconstruction and may aggregate data from dislocation of the vessels in the lateral decubitus and individualized analysis.
ChemInform Abstract: CHARACTERIZATION OF SILICON ELECTRODES IN ABSOLUTE ANHYDROUS SOLVENT (1982)

Abstract Das elektrochemische Verhalten von geätzten und nichtgeätzten n‐Si‐Elektroden in KNH 2 ‐NH 3 ‐Mischungen bei Gegenwart oder Abwesenheit von solvatisierten Elektronen (K) wurde durch cyclische Voltammetrie und Kapazitätsmessungen untersucht.
Stereoselective LSD-like activity in d-lysergic acid amides of R- and S-2-aminobutane (1992)

The (R)- and (S)-2-butylamides of d-lysergic acid were prepared and evaluated in behavioral and biochemical assays of 5-HT2 agonist activity. In rats trained to discriminate 0.08 mg/kg LSD tartrate from saline, both isomers completely substituted for the training stimulus. Similarly, both isomers were found to possess very high affinity in displacing [125I]-(R)-DOI ([125I]-(R)-1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2- aminopropane) from rat cortical homogenate 5-HT2 receptors and in displacing [3H]-8-OH-DPAT ([3H]-8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin) from rat hippocampal 5-HT1A receptors. The difference in activity between the two isomeric amides was significant in both the behavioral and binding assays, with the R isomer possessing greater potency. Molecular mechanics were used to predict the active geometries of the subject compounds. It was found that the (R)-2-butylamide has a conformation quite similar to LSD, while the (S)-2-butylamide does not. These results suggest that stereochemical properties of the amide substituent of hallucinogenic lysergamides may exert a critical influence on activity. It is concluded that the conformation of the amide function may directly affect binding through stereoselective interactions with a hydrophobic region on the receptor, indirectly by inducing conformational changes elsewhere in the molecule, or by a combination of these two mechanisms.
Adipose tissue B2 cells promote insulin resistance through leukotriene LTB4/LTB4R1 signaling (2017)

Tissue inflammation is a key component of obesity-induced insulin resistance, with a variety of immune cell types accumulating in adipose tissue. Here, we have demonstrated increased numbers of B2 lymphocytes in obese adipose tissue and have shown that high-fat diet-induced (HFD-induced) insulin resistance is mitigated in B cell-deficient (Bnull) mice. Adoptive transfer of adipose tissue B2 cells (ATB2) from wild-type HFD donor mice into HFD Bnull recipients completely restored the effect of HFD to induce insulin resistance. Recruitment and activation of ATB2 cells was mediated by signaling through the chemokine leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and its receptor LTB4R1. Furthermore, the adverse effects of ATB2 cells on glucose homeostasis were partially dependent upon T cells and macrophages. These results demonstrate the importance of ATB2 cells in obesity-induced insulin resistance and suggest that inhibition of the LTB4/LTB4R1 axis might be a useful approach for developing insulin-sensitizing therapeutics.
Dose planning with comparison to in vivo dosimetry for epithermal neutron irradiation of the dog brain (2002)

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is an experimental type of radiotherapy, presently being used to treat glioblastoma and melanoma. To improve patient safety and to determine the radiobiological characteristics of the epithermal neutron beam of Finnish BNCT facility (FiR 1) dose-response studies were carried on the brain of dogs before starting the clinical trials. A dose planning procedure was developed and uncertainties of the epithermal neutron-induced doses were estimated. The accuracy of the method of computing physical doses was assessed by comparing with in vivo dosimetry. Individual radiation dose plans were computed using magnetic resonance images of the heads of 15 Beagle dogs and the computational model of the FiR 1 epithermal neutron beam. For in vivo dosimetry, the thermal neutron fluences were measured using Mn activation foils and the gamma-ray doses with MCP-7s type thermoluminescent detectors placed both on the skin surface of the head and in the oral cavity. The degree of uncertainty of the reference doses at the thermal neutron maximum was estimated using a dose-planning program. The estimated uncertainty (+/-1 standard deviation) in the total physical reference dose was +/-8.9%. The calculated and the measured dose values agreed within the uncertainties at the point of beam entry. The conclusion is that the dose delivery to the tissue can be verified in a practical and reliable fashion by placing an activation dosimeter and a TL detector at the beam entry point on the skin surface with homogeneous tissues below. However, the point doses cannot be calculated correctly in the inhomogeneous area near air cavities of the head model with this type of dose-planning program. This calls for attention in dose planning in human clinical trials in the corresponding areas.
Learning Health Systems Research Competencies: A Survey of the Rehabilitation Research Community (2023)

Competencies where respondents indicated high interest and limited knowledge can inform development of LHS educational content that is most needed.
Longitudinal profiles of plasma parameters in a laser-ignited capillary discharge and implications for laser wakefield accelerator applications (2005)

The evolution of longitudinal electron density and temperature profiles in plasma channel produced by a low-current Plexiglas capillary discharge with laser ignition was investigated by spectroscopic methods. The plasma was produced by an electric discharge using a 0.5mm diameter, 15mm long Plexiglas capillary. The electron density measured in near-outlet region was found to be lower by 30%. Simulations show that this variation of the plasma density near the entrance of the capillary can pose substantial difficulties for external injection of electrons for laser wakefield accelerator applications.
Seat Design Principles to Reduce Neck Injuries in Rear Impacts (2008)

Whiplash risks are related to seat stiffness, the position of the head restraint, and frame strength. Low seat stiffness allows the occupant to move into the seatback without high loads on the torso until the head-neck is supported by the head restraint. A strong seat frame reduces early seatback rotation that increases the gap to the head restraint and drops it in relation to the occupant's head. A high and forward head restraint provides support of the head and neck. Large forces can be applied to the occupant once the head, neck, and torso are supported by the seat and head restraint without adverse loading of the spine. The addition of an active head restraint closes the gap behind the head before significant load develops on the neck. The movement provides a more upward trajectory of the head restraint. Low-speed rear crashes are not just a matter of whiplash; older occupants, some with cervical stenosis, are at risk for paralyzing spinal cord injury.
Fully integrated lithium niobate electro-optic modulator based on asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer etched in LNOI platform (2017)

An asymmetric Mach-Zehnder electro-optic modulator is fabricated through etching in 500nm thin film of Y-cut Lithium Niobate. A half wave voltage length product of 16.8Vcm and modulation efficiency of 9.4×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> V <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> were measured for this device which is very close to what we expect from theory.
Stem Cell Transplantation for Motor Neuron Disease: Current Approaches and Future Perspectives (2011)

Motor neuron degeneration leading to muscle atrophy and death is a pathological hallmark of disorders, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or spinal muscular atrophy. No effective treatment is available for these devastating diseases. At present, cell-based therapies targeting motor neuron replacement, support, or as a vehicle for the delivery of neuroprotective molecules are being investigated. Although many challenges and questions remain, the beneficial effects observed following transplantation therapy in animal models of motor neuron disease has sparked hope and a number of clinical trials. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of cell-based therapeutics for motor neuron disorders, with a particular emphasis on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Anti-interference single-photon LiDAR using stochastic pulse position modulation (2019)

This Letter introduces an anti-interference single-photon light detection and ranging (LiDAR) system with photon-driven stochastic pulse position modulation. A photon arrival sequence with a programmable minimum interval time and trigger rate was proposed to trigger laser pulses, thus providing true nature-based randomness in modulation which is beneficial for achieving better anti-interference capability. In the proposed LiDAR system, two complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) are used as an optical receiver and to generate a random trigger pattern of a pulsed laser. To prevent the range ambiguity problem, an interval-time filter capable of controlling the minimum interval time is integrated into the LiDAR system. A trigger rate controller capable of adaptively controlling the driving voltage of a light-emitting diode coupled with the SPAD responsible for the generation of the random trigger sequence is also integrated for achieving a precise control of trigger rate. Finally, a proof-of-concept demonstration was provided through experiments, and the obtained results were consistent with theoretical predictions. At an effective trigger rate of 800 kHz, an excellent suppression ratio of 56.2 dB has been achieved in the presence of a 1 MHz periodic interference.
Comprehensive analysis of transcriptome and metabolome analysis in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2015)

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are liver originated malignant tumors. Of the two, ICC has the worse prognosis because it has no reliable diagnostic markers and its carcinogenic mechanism is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to integrate metabolomics and transcriptomics datasets to identify variances if any in the carcinogenic mechanism of ICC and HCC. Ten ICC and 6 HCC who were resected surgically, were enrolled. miRNA and mRNA expression analysis were performed by microarray on ICC and HCC and their corresponding non-tumor tissues (ICC_NT and HCC_NT). Compound analysis was performed using capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry (CE-TOFMS). Principle component analysis (PCA) revealed that among the four sample groups (ICC, ICC_NT, HCC, and HCC_NT) there were 14 compounds, 62 mRNAs and 17 miRNAs with two distinct patterns: tumor and non-tumor, and ICC and non-ICC. We accurately (84.38%) distinguished ICC by the distinct pattern of its compounds. Pathway analysis using transcriptome and metabolome showed that several pathways varied between tumor and non-tumor samples. Based on the results of the PCA, we believe that ICC and HCC have different carcinogenic mechanism therefore knowing the specific profile of genes and compounds can be useful in diagnosing ICC.
Proton-loaded zeolites. 3. H56Y, ALPO-5, and SiO2-Y: anhydrous HX versus aqueous HX treatment of zeolite Y (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProton-loaded zeolites. 3. H56Y, ALPO-5, and SiO2-Y: anhydrous HX versus aqueous HX treatment of zeolite YGeoffrey A. Ozin, Saim. Ozkar, and Lisa. McMurrayCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 21, 8297–8302Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1990https://doi.org/10.1021/j100384a055Request reuse permissionsArticle Views99Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (703 KB) Get e-Alerts