gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modulators of the glucocorticoid receptor also regulate mineralocorticoid receptor function (1992)

Modulators are proposed to be novel ether aminophosphoglycerides that stabilize unoccupied and occupied glucocorticoid receptor steroid binding and inhibit glucocorticoid receptor complex activation. Two isoforms, modulator 1 and modulator 2, have been purified from rat liver cytosol [Bodine, P.V., & Litwack, G. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 9544-9554]. Since the mineralocorticoid receptor is relatively resistant to activation, modulator's effect on rat distal colon mineralocorticoid receptor function was examined. Warming of unoccupied receptor decreased residual specific [3H]aldosterone binding by 86 +/- 2%. Both modulator isoforms completely prevented this destabilization with Km's of 2 +/- 1 microM modulator 1 and 24 +/- 5 microM modulator 2. Warming of occupied mineralocorticoid receptors decreased [3H]aldosterone binding by 56 +/- 3%. Modulator only partially stabilized occupied receptor binding with Km's of 10 +/- 2 microM modulator 1 and 68 +/- 8 microM modulator 2. Modulator inhibited receptor activation with Km's of 3 +/- 1 microM modulator 1 and 33 +/- 10 microM modulator 2. Double-reciprocal analysis showed linear kinetics, and mixing modulator isoforms together had additive effects on unoccupied and occupied receptor steroid binding stabilization and activation inhibition. Colon cytosol contained a low molecular weight, heat-stable factor(s) which inhibited receptor activation and stabilized occupied receptor steroid binding. Molybdate completely stabilized unoccupied mineralocorticoid receptor steroid binding and inhibited activation with half-maximal effects at 3-4 mM but only stabilized occupied receptor binding by approximately 40%. These data indicate that (i) apparent physiologic concentrations of modulator stabilize mineralocorticoid receptor steroid binding and inhibit receptor activation, (ii) an aldosterone-responsive tissue contains a modulator-like activity, and (iii) molybdate mimics the effects of modulator.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
6.1.3 Systems Engineering and Supportability Analysis: Technology Refreshment for COTS‐Intensive Systems (2000)

Abstract The desire to integrate supportability issues in product and system design has long been articulated within the systems engineering community [Asimow, 1964; Ostrofsky, 1977; Pugh, 1980]. However, there has often been a lag between this intent and its execution. Supportability and serviceability analysis (traditionally, also referred to as ILS in the aerospace industry) is often relegated to a reactionary mode during detailed system design. At least partially, a contributing factor to this reality has been a hazy definition of supportability and serviceability parameters. This inhibits quantitative “dovetailing” of supportability parameters into the design and architecture synthesis activity. The application of a systematic and integrated development approach must contend with the prevailing business realities. These include increased international competition, resource constraints, evolving system requirements and customer expectation, along with an imperative to get the system to market expeditiously. Furthermore, there is an increasing emphasis on assessing systems and products from a total ownership cost perspective. This mandates explicit inclusion of supportability and serviceability issues into system design. The requirement becomes even more urgent with the emphasis on commercial‐off‐the‐shelf system elements (COTS) in the development of complex, distributed, and multi‐functional systems. This emphasis on COTS technologies and elements has already resulted in significant, relatively immediate, reduction in system development and production costs, as reflected in Figure 1. These benefits and cost reductions notwithstanding, an emphasis on utilizing COTS system elements results in unique challenges from a systems and supportability engineering standpoint. Proactive refreshment of COTS system elements becomes a key component within the overall system supportability and serviceability strategy. Furthermore, any technology refreshment strategy must be tailored to account for the system operational concept, its availability and accessibility, the business strategy, and the system maintenance concept. This is necessary if reductions in development and production costs are to be extended into an overall reduction in system ownership costs.
Examining the influence of substrates and temperature on maximum specific growth rate of denitrifiers (2006)

Facilities across North America are designing plants to meet stringent limits of technology (LOT) treatment for nitrogen removal (3-5 mg/L total effluent nitrogen). The anoxic capacity requirements for meeting LOT treatment are dependent on the growth rates of the denitrifying organisms. The Blue Plains Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant (AWTP) is one of many facilities in the Chesapeake Bay region that is evaluating its ability to meet LOT treatment capability. The plant uses methanol as an external carbon source in a post-denitrification process. The process is very sensitive to denitrification in the winter. One approach to improve anoxic capacity utilization is to use an alternative substrate for denitrification in the winter to promote the growth of organisms that denitrify at higher rates. The aim of this study was to evaluate denitrification maximum specific growth rates for three substrates, acetate, corn syrup and methanol, at two temperatures (13 degrees C and 19 degrees C). These temperatures approximately reflect the minimum monthly and average annual wastewater temperature at the Blue Plains AWTP. The results suggest that the maximum specific growth rate (mu(max)) for corn syrup (1.3 d(-1)) and acetate (1.2 d(-1)) are higher than that for methanol (0.5d(-1)) at low temperature of 13 degrees C. A similar trend was observed at 19 degrees C.
The isolation and characterization of a novel cDNA demonstrating an altered mRNA level in nontumorigenic Wilms' microcell hybrid cells (1991)

Wilms' tumor, a pediatric nephroblastoma, has been associated with genetic alterations of the 11p13 and 11p15 regions. The introduction of a der(11) chromosome into the G401 Wilms' tumor cell line has been shown previously to revert the tumorigenic phenotype. A subtractive cDNA/RNA hybridization performed between the tumorigenic parent (G401) and a nontumorigenic microcell hybrid of G401 (110.1/G401.1) containing the der(11) chromosome resulted in the identification of a single novel cDNA clone, designated QM. The cDNA is 745 nucleotides in length and encodes a predicted hydrophilic 25 kd basic protein, primarily consisting of alpha helices. The QM transcript is expressed in a wide variety of embryonic and adult tissues and demonstrates a down regulation of expression in adult kidney and heart. QM is also a member of a multigene family members of which map to chromosomes 6 and 14. The QM mRNA level is modulated between the tumorigenic and nontumorigenic cell lines and therefore may be involved in the maintenance of the nontumorigenic phenotype.
MR temperature monitoring for MR-RF hyperthermia &#x2014; A systems-level approach (2014)

Non-invasive high-resolution 3D MR temperature maps can significantly improve dosimetry during thermal dose delivery in hyperthermic oncology. However, with long treatment times, system- and patient-induced drift in the B <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> main magnetic field of the MR scanner may adversely impact the accuracy of temperature measurements. In addition, the insertion of conventional RF hyperthermia apparatus into an MR scanner obstructs the use of commercial MR receive coil arrays in the scanner bore. If they had been available for use, such receive arrays could potentially increase imaging signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and/or temporal resolution of MR thermometry. Here, we describe a systems-level perspective of improving temperature monitoring in MR-RF hyperthermia. This approach includes a previously developed fat-referenced MR thermometry technique, and a dual-function coil array design that addresses the limitations in imaging SNR and temporal resolution that are inherent in conventional MR-guided RF hyperthermia systems. We will also discuss system-level considerations that can adversely impact MRT measurements when integrating a RF hyperthermia sub-system with a MRI system.
Composting MSW and sewage sludge with effective complex microorganisms. (2002)

The effects of complex microorganisms in composting process of the municipal solid waste (MSW) and sludge were examined through inspecting biomass, temperature, oxygen consumption, organic mater, and C/N (the ratio of carbon and nitrogen). The experimental results shows: complex microorganisms are effective to compose organic matter and speedup composting change into humus.
TEM characterization of SiGeC material system (1994)

The IV-IV material system, specifically Si 1-x Ge x /Si, has generated considerable interest in the scientific community in recent years. The built-in compressive strain and composition of pseudomorphic Si 1-x Ge x epilayers on Si substrates affect the band structure and energy gap, which are fundamental to bandgap engineering. This property has been used in demonstrating a heterojunction bipolar transistor with SiGe base, resulting in improved high-frequency performance over conventional transistors with Si bases. However, the thermal instability and lower critical thickness of Si 1-x Ge x layers limits applications, in turn prompting investigation of the Si 1-x-y Ge x C y system. Substitutional carbon incorporation in Si 1-x Ge x is expected to relieve the strain in the epilayer and increase the energy gap, the latter being an important consideration in revolutionizing transistor technology. Recently, growth and characterization of pseudomorphic Si 1-x-y Ge x C y and its photoluminescence properties have been reported. In our present study, we have characterized Si 1-x-y Ge x C y samples grown on Si substrates by chemical vapor deposition. Different precursors and flow rates were used tovary the relative elemental compositions. Rutherford backscattering and secondary ion mass spectroscopy techniques were employed for compositional analysis and transmission electron microscopy was used to determine microstructure. Electron transparent specimens were prepared in cross-section by a standard technique, involving mechanical grinding, dimpling and argon ion-milling. TEM observations were made with JEOL 2000FX and JEOL 4000EX microscopes. Selected area diffraction patterns and optical diffractograms were used in determining the structure and lattice constants.
Self-Assembly of Spherical Particles on an Evaporating Sessile Droplet (2006)

Particles adsorbed on the surface of a droplet form three-dimensional packings when the droplet evaporates. We study the final packings when the liquid droplet is attached to a solid substrate. In contrast to a droplet evaporating away from a substrate, here the final packings are highly dependent on both the number of particles and the contact angle between the droplet and the surface. Simple geometrical constraints quantitatively determine the parameter regions that particular packings can form.
Associations of Chronic Kidney Disease Markers with Cognitive Function: A 12-Year Follow-Up Study (2018)

Albuminuria predicted worse memory function at 12 years follow-up, whereas its effect on processing speed was driven largely by differences in cardiovascular risk. Kidney dysfunction based on eGFR predicted neither cognitive domain.
[Ocular hypotensive effects of topically applied bunazosin, an alpha 1-adrenoceptor blocker, in rabbits and cats]. (1991)

Effects of topically applied bunazosin, an alpha 1-adrenoceptor blocker, on intraocular pressure (IOP) and pupillary diameter were investigated in normotensive rabbits and cats, in addition to experimentally hypertensive rabbits. Bunazosin (0.005% to 0.1%) applied to both eyes significantly lowered IOP in a concentration-dependent manner in normotensive rabbits and cats. The unilateral application of 0.1% bunazosin significantly lowered the IOP in the treated eye, whereas it caused no significant change in the contralateral eye, suggesting that the effect of bunazosin is due mainly to a direct and local action and is not systemic. Bunazosin was also effective in experimentally hypertensive models induced both by water-loading and by alpha-chymotrypsin in rabbits. There was a significant correlation between the IOP decrease caused by bunazosin and the IOP value before the application, indicating that the IOP-lowering action of bunazosin is dependent on the height of the original IOP level. Bunazosin had no influence on pupillary diameter even when 0.5% was applied to rabbits. Topically applied bunazosin may be useful as a new antiglaucoma agent.
Software for Assessing aneuploidy with repetitive element sequencing (2020)

We have uploaded both the software and the reference controls used to generate the results in the Douville et 2020 PNAS manuscript. However for optimal use, we encourage every researcher to generate at least 50 euploid plasma samples done within your own lab that can be used as reference controls. There may be minor differences in PCR machines at different labs that could impact the performance. We provide an example of how to integrate those reference control samples within the software.
The 2.7 eV photoluminescence band in high-purity synthetic silica (1994)

The 2.7 eV photoluminescence emission ('gamma' band) has been studied in neutron-irradiated high-purity synthetic silica, both under UV and VUV (vacuum ultraviolet) excitation. Some aspects of the 5 eV excitation band, which is already known to exist, have been studied in great detail, while an excitation band centred at about 7.7 eV has been analysed for the first time. The intensity of the gamma emission for 5 eV excitation changes as a function of temperature in a completely different way to that for 7.7 eV excitation. In the latter case the emission intensity is constant up to about 300 K; a non-radiative decay predominates at higher temperatures. For excitation at 5 eV, the 'anomalous' increase of the emission that is already known to occur is observed as the temperature rises up to 500 K. We have developed a phenomenological model relating to the electronic levels of the luminescence centre that fits the experimental data well.
FERROELECTRIC VARACTOR SHUNT SWITCHES FOR BROADBAND PHASE CONTROL APPLICATIONS (2007)

ABSTRACT Our research group has recently demonstrated the operation of ferroelectric varactor shunt switches. The device operation is based on the nonlinear dielectric tunability of a barium strontium titanate (BST 60/40) thin-film sandwiched between two metal layers in a parallel plate configuration. A 4:1 change in the varactor capacitance has been achieved with a bias voltage < 10 V, through optimization of the nanostructured BST thin-film fabrication process on high resistivity Si substrates. In this work, we investigated the varactor shunt switches for broadband phase control applications. Varactor shunt switches and cascaded shunt switches were used for phase control circuits, due to the large phase shifts possible as a result of the dc bias dependent tunability of the varactor. The differential phase shift can be defined as the difference between the phase of S21 at a dc bias voltage and zero-bias. The measured differential phase shift for a single varactor shunt switch was 30 ± 2 degrees between 8 and 26 GHz at 8 V dc bias. A cascaded varactor shunt switch resulted in a differential phase shift of 110 degrees ± 10 degrees over the bandwidth of 20 and 31 GHz.
New poly(dimethylsiloxane)/poly(perfluorooctylethyl acrylate) block copolymers: structure and order across multiple length scales in thin films (2011)

Three sets of a new class of low surface tension block copolymers were synthesized consisting of a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) block and a poly(perfluorooctylethyl acrylate) (AF8) block. The polymers were prepared using a bromo-terminated PDMS macroinitiator, to which was attached an AF8 block grown using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) in such a designed way that the molecular weight and composition of the two polymer blocks were regularly varied. The interplay of both the phase separated microstructure and the mesomorphic character of the fluorinated domains with their effect on surface structure was evaluated using a suite of analytical tools. Surfaces of spin-coated and thermally annealed films were assessed using a combination of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) studies. Both atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements and grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) studies were carried out to evaluate the microstructure of the thin films. Even in block copolymers in which the PDMS block was the majority component, a significant presence of the lower surface energy AF8 block was detected at the film surface. Moreover, the perfluorooctyl helices of the AF8 repeat units were highly oriented at the surface in an ordered, tilted smectic structure, which was compared with those of the bulk powder samples using wide-angle X-ray powder diffraction (WAXD) studies.
Oral health and treatment needs of institutionalized chronic psychiatric patients in Israel (2003)

The aim of the study was to examine the oral health and treatment needs of chronically hospitalized psychiatric patients in Israel. Ten percent of the patients hospitalized for more than 2 years in the 18 psychiatric institutions in Israel were selected at random. The dental status (DMF-T index) was calculated, demographic and medical data were retrieved from the files. Of the 431 patients examined (250 men, 181 women, average age 54 years) 312 patients had only partial natural dentition. The average DMF-T score was 26.74 (out of 32), one of the highest in the literature. The caries component accounted for 2.3% of the DMF-T, the missing teeth component 72% and the restored teeth component 5%. There was an adverse correlation between age and caries and between duration of hospitalization and number of teeth. The average number of carious and missing teeth was higher than in the healthy population. No all-edentulous patients had dentures. These findings confirm the urgent need for an intervention program to improve dental health care in high-risk, difficult-to-treat, psychiatric chronic inpatients.
Pulmonary Sequestration Presenting as Retroperitoneal Cyst: Case Report (2005)

A 21-year-old woman presented with flank pain, and an abdominal and pelvic CT scan demonstrated a left 7.4-cm simple cyst superior to the left kidney. She underwent laparoscopic cyst decortication complicated by a diaphragmatic injury and pneumothorax. The final pathology report described a retroperitoneal pulmonary sequestration (RPS). Urologists need to consider RPS in the differential diagnosis of a retroperitoneal cyst because of the associated morbidity of hemorrhage during surgical excision. With the widespread use abdominal imaging techniques, more cases of RPS are likely to be identified and referred for laparoscopic management.
Gas6 and Its Receptors Are Implicated in Sepsis as Modulators of Innate Immunity. (2007)

Abstract Gas6 downregulates the activation state of macrophages and thereby their production of proinflammatory cytokines induced by various stimuli. We aimed to determine whether Gas6 is involved in sepsis. We measured Gas6 plasma levels in 13 healthy subjects, 29 patients with severe sepsis, and 18 patients with non-infectious inflammatory diseases. Gas6 level was higher in septic patients than in control groups (P≤0.0001). The sensitivity and specificity of Gas6 levels to predict fatal outcome were 83% and 88%. We next investigated whether Gas6 affects cytokine production and outcome in experimental models of endotoxemia and peritonitis in wild-type (WT) and Gas6−/− mice. Circulating levels of Gas6 after LPS 25mg/kg i.p. peaked at 1 hour (P&amp;lt;0.001). Similarly, TNF-α was higher in Gas6−/− than in WT mice 1 hour after LPS (P&amp;lt;0.05). Furthermore, 62 anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines were quantified in plasma after LPS injection. Their levels were globally higher in Gas6−/− plasma after LPS, 47/62 cytokines being at least 50% higher in Gas6−/− than in WT plasma after 1 hour. Mortality induced by 25mg/kg LPS was 25% in WT versus 87% in Gas6−/− mice (P&amp;lt;0.05). LPS-induced mortality in Gas6 receptors Axl−/−, Tyro3−/− and Merkd was also enhanced when compared to WT mice (P&amp;lt;0.001). In peritonitis models (cecal ligation and puncture, CLP, and i.p. injection of E. coli), Gas6 plasma levels increased and remained elevated at least 24 hours. CLP increased mortality in Gas6−/− mice. Finally, we explored the role of Gas6 in LPS-treated macrophages. We found that Gas6 was released by LPS-stimulated WT macrophages and that Gas6−/− macrophages produced more TNF-α and IL-6 than WT macrophages. Cytokine release by Gas6−/− macrophages was higher than by WT macrophages (cytokine array). Adjunction of recombinant Gas6 to the culture medium of Gas6−/− macrophages diminished the cytokine production to WT levels. In LPS-treated Gas6−/− macrophages, Akt and Erk1/2 phosphorylation was reduced whereas p38 and NFκB activation was enhanced. Thus, in septic patients, elevated Gas6 levels were associated with fatal outcome. In mice, they raised in experimental endotoxemia and peritonitis models, and correlated also with sepsis severity. However, Gas6−/− mice survival in these models was reduced compared to WT. Gas6 secreted by macrophages in response to LPS activated Akt and restrained p38 and NFκB activation, thereby dampening macrophage activation. Altogether these data suggest that, during endotoxemia, Gas6−/− mice phenotype resembles that of mice which have undergone PI3K inhibition, indicating that Gas6 is a major modulator of innate immunity.
Magnetic Manipulation of Reversible Nanocaging Controls In Vivo Adhesion and Polarization of Macrophages (2018)

Macrophages are key immune cells that perform various physiological functions, such as the maintenance of homeostasis, host defense, disease progression, and tissue regeneration. Macrophages adopt distinctly polarized phenotypes, such as pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype or anti-inflammatory (pro-healing) M2 phenotype, to execute disparate functions. The remotely controlled reversible uncaging of bioactive ligands, such as Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide, is an appealing approach for temporally regulating the adhesion and resultant polarization of macrophages on implants in vivo. Here, we utilize physical and reversible uncaging of RGD by a magnetic field that allows facile tissue penetration. We first conjugated a RGD-bearing gold nanoparticle (GNP) to the substrate and then a magnetic nanocage (MNC) to the GNP via a flexible linker to form the heterodimeric nanostructure. We magnetically manipulated nanoscale displacement of MNC and thus its proximity to the GNP to reversibly uncage and cage RGD. The uncaging of RGD temporally promoted the adhesion and subsequent M2 polarization of macrophages while inhibiting their M1 polarization both in vitro and in vivo. The RGD uncaging-mediated adhesion and M2 polarization of macrophages involved rho-associated protein kinase signaling. This study demonstrates physical and reversible uncaging of RGD to regulate the adhesion and polarization of host macrophages in vivo. This approach of magnetically regulating the heterodimer conformation for physical and reversible uncaging of RGD offers the promising potential to manipulate inflammatory or tissue-regenerative immune responses to the implants in vivo.