gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Radiologic Technologists Health Study in South Korea: Study Design and Baseline Characteristics (2013)

Background: Radiologic technologists occupy the largest group among medical radiation workers and they are one of the occupational groups exposed to the highest dose of radiation worldwide. Therefore, we have launched a prospective cohort for radiologic technologists to investigate occupational radiation exposure status, and to assess their health effects in relation to occupational radiation exposure in South Korea. Aims: To describe the study design, methods, and the profile of the cohort participants Methods: Baseline data for the participants were derived from the self-administered questionnaire survey through website, on-site visits, fax, and mail in 2012. A nationwide representative survey of radiologic technologists was also conducted using a stratified random sampling design. For this survey, face-to-face interview method was adopted and buccal cell was collected for DNA extraction. We linked the data obtained by the questionnaire with the national radiation dose registry (1996-2011) and secondary health data including the national cancer registry (up to 2009), national health insurance claims and health examination data (2006-2010). Results: A total of 11,772 radiologic technologists were enrolled, which accounted for about 60% of the total radiologic technologists working in South Korea in 2012. The majority of subjects was male (71%) and 40 or less years old (65%), and started radiation work after 2000 year (60%). About 83% of radiologic technologists had used a diagnostic X-ray, 40% had used a CT, and 26% had worked with fluoroscope. The average annual effective dose was 1.3 mSv in 2011, and 818 (7.8%) workers received more than 5 mSv per quarter. Radiologic technologists were reported to have less smoking and alcohol drinking, and less cancer and other chronic diseases than general population except thyroid diseases. Conclusion: This cohort has comprehensive information obtained from various sources, which is expected to be one of the valuable datasets to study low dose radiation exposure and health effects in an occupational setting.
Free energy in vertically aligned liquid crystal mode (2017)

Vertical alignment (VA) is a widely applied operation mode for liquid crystal displays. To achieve optimum brightness, the electrode of VA is often patterned with fish-bone fine slits to generate fringe field, so the negative liquid crystal aligns along the fine slits when the electric field is applied. VA is usually simply modelled by the bend geometry along the cell gap. However, defects, domain boundaries and periodical splay induced by the fine slits also exist in real pixels and disturb the liquid crystal alignment. Polymer-stabilised VA test cells with various fine slit pitches which lead to various strength of fringe field were fabricated to observe the deformation of liquid crystal. Then the models of liquid crystal deformation nearby the defects and in the fine slit area were proposed to calculate the electromagnetic (fEM) and elastic free energy (felastic). The results show that the key factor to regulate fEM and felastic is the pitch of the fine slits, and the optimum liquid crystal alignment is obtained when fEM and felastic are equal. The models are useful for further investigation on the dynamics of liquid crystal alignment and applications in industrial products.
<title>Energy-efficient image projection by use of novel phase contrast technique</title> (1996)

A new method is presented for synthesizing arbitrary grey level intensity patterns based on phase contrast imaging. The concept is grounded on an extension of the Zernike phase contrast method into the domain of full range phase modulation. By controlling the average value of the input phase function and by choosing appropriate phase retardation at the phase contrast filter, a pure phase to intensity imaging is accomplished. The method presented is also directly applicable in dark field image synthesis. Preliminary experimental results are demonstrated for binary-only phase modulation.
Targeted Injury of Type II Alveolar Epithelial Cells Induces Pulmonary Fibrosis (2009)

The development of lung fibrosis in the setting of type II cell injury in our model provides evidence for a causal link between the epithelial defects seen in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and the corresponding areas of scarring.
Remodeling in myocardium adjacent to an infarction in the pig left ventricle (2004)

Changes in the structure of the "normal" ventricular wall adjacent to an infarcted area involve all components of the myocardium (myocytes, fibroblasts and the extracellular matrix, and the coronary vasculature) and their three-dimensional structural relationship. Assessing changes in these components requires tracking material markers in the remodeling tissue over long periods of time with a three-dimensional approach as well as a detailed histological evaluation of the remodeled structure. The purpose of the present study was to examine the hypotheses that changes in the tissue adjacent to an infarct are related to myocyte elongation, myofiber rearrangement, and changes in the laminar architecture of the adjacent tissue. Three weeks after myocardial infarction, noninfarcted tissue adjacent to the infarct remodeled by expansion along the direction of the fibers and in the cross fiber direction. These changes are consistent with myocyte elongation and myofiber rearrangement (slippage), as well as a change in cell shape to a more elliptical cross section with the major axis in the epicardial tangent plane, and indicate that reorientation of fibers either via "cell slippage" or changes in orientation of the laminar structure of the ventricular wall are quantitatively important aspects of the remodeling of the normally perfused myocardium.
Helping Developers Help Themselves: Automatic Decomposition of Code Review Changesets (2015)

Code Reviews, an important and popular mechanism for quality assurance, are often performed on a change set, a set of modified files that are meant to be committed to a source repository as an atomic action. Understanding a code review is more difficult when the change set consists of multiple, independent, code differences. We introduce CLUSTERCHANGES, an automatic technique for decomposing change sets and evaluate its effectiveness through both a quantitative analysis and a qualitative user study.
Chemistry in hydrogen fluoride. 6. Oxidative fluorination of aromatic compounds (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry in hydrogen fluoride. 6. Oxidative fluorination of aromatic compoundsA. E. FeiringCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 8, 1252–1254Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1979https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01322a013RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views269Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (370 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
A computationally efficient method for calculation of strand eddy current losses in electric machines (2016)

In this paper, a fast finite element (FE)-based method for the calculation of eddy current losses in the stator windings of randomly wound electric machines with a focus on fractional slot concentrated winding (FSCW) permanent magnet (PM) machines will be presented. The method is particularly suitable for implementation in large-scale design optimization algorithms where a qualitative characterization of such losses at higher speeds is most beneficial for identification of the design solutions which exhibit the lowest overall losses including the ac losses in the stator windings. Unlike the common practice of assuming a constant slot fill factor, sf, for all the design variations, the maximum sf in the developed method is determined based on the individual slot structure/dimensions and strand wire specifications. Furthermore, in lieu of detailed modeling of the conductor strands in the initial FE model, which significantly adds to the complexity of the problem, an alternative rectangular coil modeling subject to a subsequent flux mapping technique for determination of the impinging flux on each individual strand is pursued. The research focus of the paper is placed on development of a computationally efficient technique for the ac winding loss derivation applicable in design-optimization, where both the electromagnetic and thermal machine behavior are accounted for. The analysis is supplemented with an investigation on the influence of the electrical loading on ac winging loss effects for a particular machine design, a subject which has received less attention in the literature. Experimental ac loss measurements on a 12-slot 10-pole stator assembly will be discussed to verify the existing trends in the simulation results.
Supplementary Table from Down-Regulation of Regulatory Subunit Type 1A of Protein Kinase A Leads to Endocrine and Other Tumors (2023)

Supplementary Table from Down-Regulation of Regulatory Subunit Type 1A of Protein Kinase A Leads to Endocrine and Other Tumors
A Novel Composite Hydrogel Composed of Formic Acid-Decellularized Pepsin-Soluble Extracellular Matrix Hydrogel and Sacchachitin Hydrogel as Wound Dressing to Synergistically Accelerate Diabetic Wound Healing (2020)

Extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogel can create a favorable regenerative microenvironment and act as a promising dressing for accelerating the healing of diabetic wound. In this study, a simple and effective decellularization technique was developed and optimized to obtain acellular extracellular matrix (<i>a</i>ECM) from porcine skin. It was found that decellularization at 30% formic acid for 72 h effectively decellularized porcine skin while retaining >75% collagen and ~37% GAG in the <i>a</i>ECM with no presence of nuclei of cellular remnants. <i>a</i>ECM hydrogel was fabricated by digesting <i>a</i>ECM with pepsin in various acidic solutions (0.1 N HCl, glycolic acid (GA) and 2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid (PCA)) and then treated with a pH-controlled neutralization and temperature-controlled gelation procedure. Based on physical characterizations, including SDS-PAGE, rheological analysis and SEM analysis, <i>a</i>ECM<sub>HCl</sub> hydrogels fabricated at 25 mg/mL in 0.1 N HCl were selected. Four polymeric ECM-mimic hydrogels, including sacchachitin (SC), hyaluronic acid (HA) and chitosan (CS) and three composite hydrogels of combining SC either with <i>a</i>ECM<sub>HCl,25</sub> (<i>a</i>ECM<sub>HCl</sub>/SC), HA (HA/SC) or CS (SC/CS) were prepared and evaluated for WS-1 cell viability and wound-healing effectiveness. Cell viability study confirmed that no hydrogel dressings possessed any toxicity at all concentrations examined and ECM<sub>HCl</sub>, HA and ECM<sub>HCl</sub>/SC at higher concentrations (>0.05%) induced statistically significant proliferation. Diabetic wound healing study and histological examinations revealed that ECM<sub>HCl</sub>/SC hydrogel was observed to synergistically accelerate wound healing and ultimately stimulated the growth of hair follicles and sweat glands in the healing wound indicating the wound had healed as functional tissues. The results support the great potential of this newly produced ECM<sub>HCl</sub>/SC composite hydrogel for healing and regeneration of diabetic wounds.
Nano-micro-macro constitutive modelling of collagenous fibers in periodontal ligament and muscle-tendon units (2010)

In this paper the mechanical response of some collagenous tissues is addressed. The influence of modelling refinements of collagenous fibers response on tissue mechanical behaviour is focused, and a special insight on the effects of fibers nonlinearities is given. Two study cases are addressed: the periodontal ligament and the muscle-tendon unit. The first one is modelled as a reinforced composite with crimped collagenous fibers, and the dynamics of the muscle-tendon unit is described by an Hill-type model coupled with a nonlinear elastic model of tendon. In both cases, a new multiscale modelling of collagenous&#13;\nfibers is employed. This latter is able to describe their J-shaped response curve and is based on few histological and measurable data. In both cases, the proposed model allows to recover experimental evidences.
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy for End-Stage Renal Disease (2005)

Daily dialysis offers many benefits but is difficult to implement. CRRT allows dialysis 24/7 but is not suitable for ESRD patients. Thus, the need for a miniaturized ambulatory CRRT device those patients can wear permanently. We report the feasibility, safety and efficiency in uremic pigs, of such a wearable artificial kidney (WAK) that can be worn as a belt, operated with batteries, and weights less than 5 lbs. We used a hollow fiber dialyzer with a surface area of 0.2 sqm. Dialysate was continuously regenerated by a series of cartridges containing several sorbents allowing the use of approximately 375 ml of dialysate. The device includes reservoirs with heparin and electrolytes. Average fluid removal was 100 ml/hr. The Creatinine was 25 ml/min. In 8 hrs the total Creatinine removed was 1 gr, Urea 12 gr, P0.8 gr and K 72 mEq. Weekly st kt/v was extrapolated to approximately 7. There were no side effects. The WAK can be operated safely and continuously 168 hr/week. This would allow for all the advantages of daily dialysis and reduce morbidity and mortality in the ESRD population. It will also reduce cost and manpower utilization.
Analysis and optimization of the battery energy storage systems for frequency control in autonomous microgrids, by means of hardware-in-the-loop simulations (2012)

This paper presents an original hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) solution for real-time testing and optimization of the frequency control mechanism in autonomous microgrids (MG), when battery energy storage systems (BESS) are integrated along classical and RES-based generators to stabilize the frequency. The focus is on autonomous MGs that dynamically should perform similarly to the conventional power systems. During MG autonomous operation, the generators should accomplish the frequency control process, by means of their automatic generation control. However, RES-based generators have poor controllability in terms of active power, and therefore the need of improving the MG power reserve by adding energy storage systems is often demanded. The proposed HIL solution aims to improve the design of the BESS frequency control systems according to the MG characteristics, being based on aggregated models of the involved mechanisms in the MG dynamics. An experimental test bench including a real-time digital simulator with BESS controller in the HIL structure is used for assessing the proposed system performances.
Identifying metabolic enzymes with multiple types of association evidence (2006)

We illustrate that a combination of genome context and other functional association evidence is effective in predicting genes encoding metabolic enzymes. Our approach does not rely on direct sequence homology to known enzyme-encoding genes, and can be used in conjunction with traditional homology-based metabolic reconstruction methods. The method can also be used to target orphan metabolic activities.
Bayesian Estimation Of Clipped Gaussian Processes With Application To Ofdm (2002)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Toulouse, France, 2002
Supplementary Methods, Figure Legends, Table Legend from Triggering the TCR Developmental Checkpoint Activates a Therapeutically Targetable Tumor Suppressive Pathway in T-cell Leukemia (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Methods, Figure Legends, Table Legend&lt;/p&gt;
Designing improved MAC packet schedulers for 802.11e WLAN (2004)

The enhanced distributed coordination function (EDCF) is one of the main features of 802.11e quality of service (QoS) enhancement over legacy 802.11 distributed coordination function (DCF). In order to control network performance, a network designer needs to understand how the EDCF parameters affects the QoS performance explicitly. However, we are unaware of any publications regarding EDCF analysis that includes all of the protocol details. Most evaluations only use numerical results. We propose a simple but extremely accurate analytical model to compute the saturation throughput performance of 802.11e EDCF, with the assumption of ideal channel conditions and same different inter frame space (DIFS). The analysis consists of two cases. The first case demonstrates how different nodes can achieve differentiate access in uplink. In the second scenario, there are multiple flows in one node, and they compete for the channel in downlink. With the help of the analysis, we show how to design a distributed MAC weighted round robin (WRR) packet scheduler to emulate an ideal network layer scheduler. Simulation comparison indicates that the MAC layer scheduler can achieve higher utilization, smaller delay than the network layer WRR and bandwidth ratio as wanted.
Injectable Microbbubles as Contrast Agents for Diagnostic Ultrasound Imaging: The Key Role of Perfluorochemicals (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Converting Self-Assembled Gold Nanoparticle/Dendrimer Nanodroplets into Horseshoe-like Nanostructures by Thermal Annealing (2007)

A simple and effective nonlithographic method to produce a novel organization of noble metal nanoparticles into horseshoe-like nanostructures via self-assembly is described. The adsorption of Au nanoparticles stabilized with the dendrimer 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakis[(3',5'-bis(benzyloxy)benzyl)sulfanylmethyl]benzene (S(6)G(1)) on hydrophilic surfaces (native oxide-terminated Si(111)) resulted in the formation of spatially correlated droplet aggregates. Annealing of Au/S(6)G(1) in thin films caused amalgamated droplets to form arrays of horseshoe-like nanostructures with an average size of approximately 250 nm and an average height of 13 nm. The mobility and the manner in which the semicapped Au nanoparticles are distributed on the hydrophilic substrate are believed to be the promoters that control the growth of the nucleation to create the horseshoe-like structures. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements demonstrated the changes in height and size of the nanoparticles before and after the annealing process. Oxygen plasma etching was used to remove the S(6)G(1) dendrimer to reveal the orientation of the Au nanocrystals in the nanostructure matrix.
<title>TiNi shape-memory alloy actuated micropump with fluid isolation</title> (1997)

The shape memory alloy (SMA) titanium-nickel (TiNi) is used in thin film form as the basis of actuation for a reciprocating micropump. A novel configuration comprising a TiNi actuator and a polyimide diaphragm is used to perform cyclic motion while utilizing the one way shape memory effect (OWSME). The polyimide diaphragm acts as a spring to provide the bias force required for cyclic motion using the OWSME of TiNi. It also isolates the TiNi from the liquid pumped. An electrical drive signal is passed directly through the TiNi thin film. The current results in joule heating and hence a phase transformation in the SMA causing the shape memory effect. The cyclic motion of this actuator configuration cycles the volume of the pump chamber. Doubly fixed polyimide check valves ensure unidirectional flow through the pump chamber, resulting in pumping. The pump was tested with filtered DI water.
DNA recovery from wild chimpanzee tools (2018)

Most of our knowledge of wild chimpanzee behaviour stems from fewer than 10 long-term field sites. This bias limits studies to a potentially unrepresentative set of communities known to show great behavioural diversity on small geographic scales. Here, we introduce a new genetic approach to bridge the gap between behavioural material evidence in unhabituated chimpanzees and genetic advances in the field of primatology. The use of DNA analyses has revolutionised archaeological and primatological fields, whereby extraction of DNA from non-invasively collected samples allows researchers to reconstruct behaviour without ever directly observing individuals. We used commercially available forensic DNA kits to show that termite-fishing by wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) leaves behind detectable chimpanzee DNA evidence on tools. We then quantified the recovered DNA, compared the yield to that from faecal samples, and performed an initial assessment of mitochondrial and microsatellite markers to identify individuals. From 49 termite-fishing tools from the Issa Valley research site in western Tanzania, we recovered an average of 52 pg/μl chimpanzee DNA, compared to 376.2 pg/μl in faecal DNA extracts. Mitochondrial DNA haplotypes could be assigned to 41 of 49 tools (84%). Twenty-six tool DNA extracts yielded >25 pg/μl DNA and were selected for microsatellite analyses; genotypes were determined with confidence for 18 tools. These tools were used by a minimum of 11 individuals across the study period and termite mounds. These results demonstrate the utility of bio-molecular techniques and a primate archaeology approach in non-invasive monitoring and behavioural reconstruction of unhabituated primate populations.
Mechanisms of androgen-independent tumor growth. (1997)

In the setting of advanced prostatic carcinoma, castration results in a high initial response rate. Unfortunately, the benefit of such therapy is usually temporary owing to the fact that surviving tumor cells generally progress to an untreatable androgen-independent condition. Progression to androgen independence is a complex process. Several hypotheses for the mechanism of androgen independence exist, including clonal selection, tumor adaptation, and the activation of previously androgen-repressed genes that substitute for androgens in maintaining the viability of tumor-causing stem cells. In this article we will discuss the theoretical concepts underlying androgen independence as well as the concepts of androgen dependence, stepwise malignant transformation, and upregulation of constitutive growth factors.
Concentration of Magnetization for Linear Block Codes (2008)

We consider communication over the binary erasure and the binary additive white gaussian noise channels using fixed linear block codes and also appropriate ensembles of such codes. We show concentration of the magnetization over the channel realizations and also over the code ensembles. The result has various implications. For the binary erasure channel, the result implies the concentration of the fraction of bits in error over the randomness in both noise and code realization, and that of the bit error probability under MAP decoding over the code ensemble. For both channels it implies concentration of the generalized EXIT function over code ensembles. Finally our results partly show that there is no replica symmetry breaking.