gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
About Oligothiophene Self-Assembly:  From Aggregation in Solution to Solid-State Nanostructures (2004)

Well-defined π-conjugated oligomers play an important role in the field of organic electronics, because their precise chemical structure and conjugation length give rise to well-defined functional properties and facilitate control over their supramolecular organization. In this review, we present different complementary approaches for the control of molecular assembly into well-defined structures on the nanoscale, applied to oligothiophenes as a typical conjugated system. We consider self-assembly in solution, sublimation of individual molecules in the vapor phase, and aggregation in thin deposits from compounds molecularly dispersed in a solution. We demonstrate that the development of substituted, soluble π-conjugated materials allows not only a control of their organization in the solid state but also the possibility of determining the degree of order in solution. During these self-assembly processes, the interplay between the conjugated molecules, the solvent, and the substrate surface is of primary importance. Depending on the interactions between the molecules and the substrate, one-dimensional (nanowires) or two-dimensional (platelets) objects can be generated. The self-organization of conjugated building blocks in solution or on surfaces, leading to the construction of nanoscopic and mesoscopic architectures, represents a starting point for the construction of molecular electronics or even circuits, through surface patterning with nanometer-sized objects.
Oxidized Mitochondrial DNA Engages TLR9 to Activate the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Myelodysplastic Syndromes (2023)

Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDSs) are bone marrow (BM) failure malignancies characterized by constitutive innate immune activation, including NLRP3 inflammasome driven pyroptotic cell death. We recently reported that the danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) oxidized mitochondrial DNA (ox-mtDNA) is diagnostically increased in MDS plasma although the functional consequences remain poorly defined. We hypothesized that ox-mtDNA is released into the cytosol, upon NLRP3 inflammasome pyroptotic lysis, where it propagates and further enhances the inflammatory cell death feed-forward loop onto healthy tissues. This activation can be mediated via ox-mtDNA engagement of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), an endosomal DNA sensing pattern recognition receptor known to prime and activate the inflammasome propagating the IFN-induced inflammatory response in neighboring healthy hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), which presents a potentially targetable axis for the reduction in inflammasome activation in MDS. We found that extracellular ox-mtDNA activates the TLR9-MyD88-inflammasome pathway, demonstrated by increased lysosome formation, IRF7 translocation, and interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) production. Extracellular ox-mtDNA also induces TLR9 redistribution in MDS HSPCs to the cell surface. The effects on NLRP3 inflammasome activation were validated by blocking TLR9 activation via chemical inhibition and CRISPR knockout, demonstrating that TLR9 was necessary for ox-mtDNA-mediated inflammasome activation. Conversely, lentiviral overexpression of TLR9 sensitized cells to ox-mtDNA. Lastly, inhibiting TLR9 restored hematopoietic colony formation in MDS BM. We conclude that MDS HSPCs are primed for inflammasome activation via ox-mtDNA released by pyroptotic cells. Blocking the TLR9/ox-mtDNA axis may prove to be a novel therapeutic strategy for MDS.
Analog-to-Digital Converter Design Exploration for Compute-in-Memory Accelerators (2021)

This article comprehensively investigates analog-to-digital converter (ADC) design for compute-in-memory array. The authors show that 6-bit ADC precision is sufficient to guarantee no loss of accuracy for large arrays, while achieving the best tradeoff between hardware performance and area overhead, compared to prior state-of-the-art designs.
Reduction of beam-divergence fluctuation for KTN optical beam deflector (2020)

We report a new technique to suppress beam-divergence fluctuations in a DC-biased KTa1-xNbxO3 (KTN) optical beam deflector. In our new configuration, we introduced a temperature gradient in the direction of the electric field applied to the KTN crystal, to produce a permittivity gradient in the direction required to cancel out the effect of the asymmetry of the electron injection. We demonstrated experimentally that this temperature gradient successfully reduced the beam-divergence fluctuation.
Toward General Design Principles for Generative AI Applications (2023)

Generative AI technologies are growing in power, utility, and use. As generative technologies are being incorporated into mainstream applications, there is a need for guidance on how to design those applications to foster productive and safe use. Based on recent research on human-AI co-creation within the HCI and AI communities, we present a set of seven principles for the design of generative AI applications. These principles are grounded in an environment of generative variability. Six principles are focused on designing for characteristics of generative AI: multiple outcomes &amp; imperfection; exploration &amp; control; and mental models &amp; explanations. In addition, we urge designers to design against potential harms that may be caused by a generative model's hazardous output, misuse, or potential for human displacement. We anticipate these principles to usefully inform design decisions made in the creation of novel human-AI applications, and we invite the community to apply, revise, and extend these principles to their own work.
Application of FeOCl Derivative for a Secondary Lithium Battery: I . Discharge and Charge Characteristics of Amorphous Prepared by Ion Exchange Reaction of Including Aniline (1991)

A derivative of was chemically prepared by ion exchanging Cl− ions with OH− ions. This modification was made in order to improve the discharge and charge characteristics of a secondary lithium battery made with this material as the cathode. The preparation was accomplished by using the intercalation compound of and aniline as an intermediate which has a high reactivity with water. The x‐ray diffraction patterns of the reactant and product indicate that a structural change occurred, and the product structure became amorphous. The FT‐IR spectrum of the reaction product indicates that an organic compound, which is similar to a secondary phenyl amine, remains in the interlayer space of this product. The discharge and charge characteristics of a lithium battery using this cathode were examined using a coin‐type cell. The small cell showed excellent cycleability.
Light Induced Degradation in Multicrystalline Solar Grade Silicon Solar Cells Evaluated Using Accelerated LID (2011)

For solar grade silicon (SoG-Si) from metallurgical process route to be competitive in the future the feedstock must enable the same solar cell efficiency potential as compared to cells from traditional silicon (poly-Si) even after light induced degradation. Therefore the detailed investigation and understanding of the degradation effect will allow for an optimized usage of SoG-Si. The use of the accelerated light induced degradation (ALID) technique enables to assess the effect of degradation and its correlation to the oxygen and dopant concentrations in a more detailed way than in classical LID tests. Especially it enables determination of the distributions of the defects, which gives new insights into the formation and distribution of the defects responsible for LID.
Weighted FBP—a simple approximate 3D FBP algorithm for multislice spiral CT with good dose usage for arbitrary pitch (2004)

A new 3D reconstruction scheme, weighted filtered backprojection (WFBP) for multirow spiral CT based on an extension of the two-dimensional SMPR algorithm is described and results are presented. In contrast to other 3D algorithms available, the algorithm makes use of all available data for all pitch values. The algorithm is a FBP algorithm: linear convolution of the parallel data along the row direction followed by a 3D backprojection. Data usage for arbitrary pitch values is maintained through a weighting scheme which takes into account redundant data. If proper row weighting is applied, the image quality is superior to the image quality of the SMPR algorithm.
Intestinal Mucosal Inflammation Leads to Systemic Genotoxicity in Mice (2009)

Inflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, substantially increases the risk of colorectal cancer. However, mechanisms linking mucosal inflammation to the sequence of dysplasia are incompletely understood. Whereas studies have shown oxidative damage to the colon, this study tests whether genotoxicity is elicited systemically by acute and chronic intestinal inflammation. In this study, genotoxic endpoints were assessed in peripheral leukocytes (DNA single- and double-stranded breaks and oxidative DNA damage) and normochromatic erythrocytes (micronuclei) during chemical or immune-mediated colitis. During three consecutive cycles of intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium administration, genotoxicity to peripheral leukocytes and erythroblasts was detected in both acute and chronic phases of dextran sulfate sodium-induced inflammation. Reactive oxygen species-mediated oxidative stress and DNA damage was confirmed with positive 8-oxoguanine and nitrotyrosine staining in peripheral leukocytes. Levels of DNA damage generally decreased during remission and increased during treatment, correlating with clinical symptoms and systemic inflammatory cytokine levels. In Galphai2(-/-) and interleukin-10(-/-) transgenic mice susceptible to immune-mediated colitis and inflammation-associated adenocarcinoma, similar levels of peripheral leukocyte and erythroblast genotoxicity were also observed. Moreover, this systemic genotoxicity was observed in mice with subclinical inflammation, which was further elevated in those with severe mucosal inflammation. We propose that mucosal inflammation, by eliciting substantial and ongoing systemic DNA damage, contributes early on to genetic instability necessary for progression to inflammatory bowel disease-associated dysplasia and the development of cancer.
Electrical Conduction in Moderately Conductive Xerographic Carriers and Developers (2000)

A planar-electrode method was used to identify the charge transport mechanisms in moderately conductive carriers and developers via DC current-voltage (I-V) and transient measurements. High-voltage I-V behaviour of coated carriers is non-linear due to trap-controlled space charge limited conduction in the insulative coating, and the Poole-Frenkel conduction of the core. It is shown that I-V data for carriers and developers can be potentially used to determine various material parameters such as coating thickness, surface coverage and toner conductivity.
No Evidence of Broadband Noise Having Any Harmful Effect on Hearing—Reply (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery journal
Consistent dynamic depletion model of SOI-MOSFETs for device/circuit optimization (2008)

We report the potential-based SOI-MOSFET model HiSIM-SOI, which solves the three surface potentials of the SOI-device accurately without sacrificing simulation time. The model implements the bias dependent dynamic depletion behavior, shifting between partially-depleted (PD) and fully-depleted (FD) conditions smoothly. It is also demonstrated that the floating-body effect can be accurately captured in a simple way from the calculated surface potentials without the necessity of introducing on additional node. HiSIM-SOI is also verified to correctly reproduce measured data of both body-contact and floating-body devices.
Synthesis of Aromatic Spiroacetals Related to γ‐Rubromycin Based on a 3H‐Spiro[1‐benzofuran‐2,2′‐chroman] Skeleton. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
DNA Adducts of 9-Anilinoacridine Mustards:  Characterization by NMR (1999)

Two types of 9-anilinoacridine-linked mustards, containing aniline mustard side chains linked either at the 4-position of the intercalating acridine chromophore (type A) or at the 1'-position of the 9-anilino group (type B), were reacted with calf thymus DNA. Adducts were isolated by preparative TLC, and their structures were determined by a variety of one-dimensional and two-dimensional NMR experiments. The only isolated product from the reaction of the 4-linked mustard (type A) was a guanine N7 adduct (55% yield), arising from alkylation in the major groove. In contrast, the major product (57% yield) from reaction of the 1'-linked mustard (type B) was an adenine N3 adduct from alkylation in the minor groove, with a smaller proportion (20%) of guanine N7 adduct. Computer modeling studies of drug-DNA alkylation complexes resulted in minimum-energy structures and averaged molecular dynamics structures that agreed with the adduct studies. The models suggest the aniline ring of the carrier is located in the DNA minor groove, with the acridine ring intercalated between two base pairs with the 4-position pointing into the major groove.
Fiber optic laser probe for acoustic wave measurements (1982)

An optical probe has been developed for acoustic surface waves using single-mode fiber to illuminate the sample. The scanned fiber probe has an effective spot size of 4 μm without the use of focusing lenses. 34% of the incident light re-enters the fiber from a specular reflector. The signal from the sample is combined with a reference in a single fiber, eliminating misalignment in the interferometric measurement. Experimental results are presented for a LiNbO3 focused transducer surface acoustic wave (SAW) device. On this device, the probe exhibits 60-dB dynamic range and 3×10−2 Å minimum sensitivity. The resolution, sensitivity, and flexibility of the fiber probe make it applicable to crack detection in nondestructive testing.
[Analysis of plasma concentration of thalidomide in Japanese patients of multiple myeloma with renal dysfunction]. (2009)

The serum concentration of thalidomide in multiple myeloma (MM) patients with renal insufficiency has not been investigated in Japan. We examined the serum concentration of thalidomide 12 and 16 hours after administration in 5 patients with MM (one with normal renal function and four with renal insufficiency, including one on hemodialysis (HD)) taking 100-200 mg/day. Concentrations 12 and 16 hours after administration corresponded to those before and after HD, respectively, in the patient on HD. The thalidomide concentration was not significantly increased by renal insufficiency. We could not detect any correlation between the concentration of thalidomide and its clinical effect. Since the elimination of thalidomide during HD seems to be greater than during the same period on a non-HD day, it was suggested that thalidomide could be eliminated by HD. The concentrations 12 hours after administration were similar with or without HD. From these results, even in Japanese patients, the thalidomide dosage need not be modified for renal insufficiency and HD.
Performance of One-Bit Massive MIMO with Oversampling under Adjacent Channel Interference (2019)

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems have attracted much attention lately due to the many advantages they provide over single- antenna systems. Owing to the many antennas, low- cost implementation and low power consumption per antenna are desired. To that end, massive MIMO structures with one-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADC) have been investigated in many studies. However, the effect of a strong interferer in the adjacent band on one-bit quantized massive MIMO systems have not been examined yet. In this study, we analyze the performance of uplink massive MIMO with one-bit ADCs under frequency selective fading with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) in the perfect and imperfect receiver channel state information cases. We derive analytical expressions for the bit error rate and ergodic rate. We show that the interfering band can be suppressed by increasing the number of antennas or the oversampling rate when a zero-forcing receiver is employed.
Polyoxopalladates Encapsulating 8-Coordinated Metal Ions, [MO8PdII12L8]n−(M = Sc3+, Mn2+, Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Lu3+; L = PhAsO32–, PhPO32–, SeO32–) (2012)

A total of 16 discrete polyoxopalladates(II) [MO(8)Pd(II)(12)L(8)](n-), with a metal ion M encapsulated in a cuboid-shaped {Pd(12)O(8)L(8)} cage, have been synthesized: the phenylarsonate-capped series (1) L = PhAsO(3)(2-), M = Sc(3+) (ScPhAs), Mn(2+) (MnPhAs), Fe(3+) (FePhAs), Co(2+) (CoPhAs), Ni(2+) (NiPhAs), Cu(2+) (CuPhAs), Zn(2+) (ZnPhAs); the phenylphosphonate-capped series: (2) L = PhPO(3)(2-), M = Cu(2+) (CuPhP), Zn(2+) (ZnPhP); and the selenite-capped series (3) L = SeO(3)(2-), M = Mn(2+) (MnSe), Fe(3+) (FeSe), Co(2+) (CoSe), Ni(2+) (NiSe), Cu(2+), (CuSe), Zn(2+) (ZnSe), Lu(3+) (LuSe)). The polyanions were prepared in one-pot reactions in aqueous solution of [Pd(3)(CH(3)COO)(6)] with an appropriate salt of the metal ion M, as well as PhAsO(3)H(2), PhPO(3)H(2), and SeO(2), respectively, and then isolated as hydrated sodium salts Na(n)[MO(8)Pd(II)(12)L(8)]·yH(2)O (y = 10-37). The compounds were characterized in the solid state by IR spectroscopy, single-crystal XRD, elemental and thermogravimetric analyses. The solution stability of the diamagnetic polyanions ScPhAs, ZnPhAs, ZnPhP, ZnSe, and LuSe was confirmed by multinuclear ((77)Se, (31)P, (13)C, and (1)H) NMR spectroscopy. The polyoxopalladates ScPhAs, MnPhAs, CoPhAs, and CuPhAs were investigated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Electrochemical studies on the manganese- and iron-containing derivatives demonstrated that the redox properties of the Mn(2+), Fe(3+), and Pd(2+) centers in the polyanions are strikingly influenced by the nature of the capping group. These results have subsequently been verified by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Interestingly, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements suggest that the coordination geometry around Mn(2+) is dynamically distorted on the EPR time scale (∼10(-11) s), whereas it appears as a static ensemble with cubic symmetry on the X-ray diffraction (XRD) time-scale (10(-15) s). The octacoordinated Cu(2+) cuboid is similarly distorted, in good agreement with DFT calculations. Interestingly, g(∥) is smaller than g(⊥), which is quite unusual, needing further theoretical development.
High Quality Factor 80 MHz Microelectromechanical Systems Resonator Utilizing Torsional-to-Transverse Vibration Conversion (2012)

A silicon microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) resonator utilizing torsional-to-transverse vibration conversion with quarter-wavelength torsional support beams is designed, fabricated, and evaluated. The resonant frequency for torsional modes mostly depends only on beam length, providing a large tolerance in the fabrication process. However, the following have remained critical issues: the increase in the quality factor (Q-factor) and the reduction in the motional resistance. We propose a new beam structure, in which the MEMS resonator utilizing torsional-to-transverse vibration conversion is anchored by four quarter-wavelength torsional support beams. First, the fabricated resonators are measured with a laser-Doppler (LD) vibrometer. The measured resonant frequency of 78.224 MHz has been in good agreement with the simulated one. The Q-factor has also been measured to be as high as 3.0×104 in vacuum. Then, the electrical characteristic is evaluated with an impedance analyzer. The Q-factor has been electrically measured to be as high as 3.1×104 in vacuum, which agrees well with the mechanically measured one of 3.0×104. The Q-factor has also been electrically measured to be as high as 1.3×104 at atmospheric pressure. In the measurement, a spring softening effect has been clearly observed. By increasing the DC bias voltage from 20 to 40 V, the resonant frequency has decreased by 640 Hz. The extracted motional resistance for a 0.1-µm-gap resonator has been greatly reduced to 0.039 MΩ at 5 V DC, owing to the narrow-gap effect, from that of a 0.25-µm-gap resonator. The tolerance in the fabrication process has also been evaluated and successfully verified from the measurement of the fabricated MEMS resonators.
The distribution of tenascin-X is distinct and often reciprocal to that of tenascin-C. (1994)

We have isolated a cDNA encoding mouse tenascin-X (TN-X), a new member of the family of tenascin genes. The TN-X gene lies in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class III region, as it is the case for its human counterpart. On Northern blots we detected a TN-X mRNA of approximately 13 kb in most tissues analyzed, whereas in various mouse cell lines mRNAs of approximately 11 and 13 kb were detected, suggesting the possibility of alternative splicing of TN-X transcripts. We raised antibodies against mouse TN-X fragments expressed in bacteria and used these antibodies to identify the TN-X protein in heart cell extracts and in the conditioned medium of a renal carcinoma cell line. The subunit molecular size of TN-X is approximately 500 kD, suggesting that the protein may contain up to 40 fibronectin type III repeats, making it the largest tenascin family member known yet. TN-X in conditioned medium, as well as the purified protein bind to heparin, but no binding to tenascin-C (TN-C), fibronectin, laminin or collagens could be detected. Thus the heparin-binding activity may be a common feature of the tenascins. The TN-X mRNA as well as the protein are predominantly expressed in heart and skeletal muscle, but the mRNA is found in most tissues at a low level. Immunostaining showed the protein to be associated with the extracellular matrix of the muscle tissues and with blood vessels in all of the tissues analyzed. Although the TN-X gene lies in the MHC class III locus, it is not expressed in the lymphoid organs analyzed, except for the staining around blood vessels. In skin and tissues of the digestive tract often a reciprocal distribution of TN-X and TN-C was observed.