gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Usefulness of Telemedicine for the Detection of Infection/Inflammation at the Point of Care (2001)

The objective of this study is to examine the possibility of using Telemedicine to diagnose the presence of the inflammatory response and to assess its intensity at the point of care. One drop of citrated peripheral venous blood from 15 patients with infection/inflammation and 15 controls were used to prepare the slides. Unstained pictures were analyzed using a microscope, video camera and image analyzer (INFLAMETTM, Biovision, Tel Aviv, Israel). The jpg-compressed images were transferred via telephone to a physician in a remote location. A significant correlation was noted between the white blood cell count and the number of leukocytes per square mm by image analysis (r = 0.67 p < 0.0001 n = 30), between the degree of leukocyte adhesiveness/aggregation and the concentration of C-reactive protein (r = 0.42 p = 0.02 n = 29) and between the degree of erythrocyte aggregation and either fibrinogen concentrations (r = 0.73 p < 0.0001) or erythrocyte sedimentation (r = 0.83, p < 0.0001). No problems occurred during file transmission and there were no transfer errors. Physicians can successfully estimate the presence of an inflammatory response and its intensity using a simple slide test, image analysis, and Telemedicine technology.
Numerical investigation of the kinetics and chemistry of rf glow discharge plasmas sustained in He, N2, O2, He/N2/O2, He/CF4/O2, and SiH4/NH3 using a Monte Carlo-fluid hybrid model (1992)

Capacitively coupled radio-frequency (rf) glow discharges are standard sources in plasma assisted materials processing. Theoretical analyses of rf discharges have been hampered by the computational difficulty of simultaneously resolving nonequilibrium electron transport and plasma chemistry. We have developed a hybrid Monte Carlo-fluid simulation that can simulate nonequilibrium electron transport while executing with the speed of a fluid simulation. An electron Monte Carlo simulation (EMCS) is used to calculate the electron energy distribution (EED) as a function of position and phase in the rf cycle. Collision rates and transport coefficients are calculated from the EED and used in a self-consistent fluid model (SCFM) of charged particle behavior and a neutral chemistry/transport model. Electric fields from the SCFM are cycled back to the EMCS, and the process is iterated until convergence. All pertinent heavy particle (charged and neutral) reactions can be included as well as collisions of electrons with ions, excited states, and reaction products. The hybrid model is applied to a variety of gas mixtures of interest to materials processing.
An air-dielectric via structure for 20Gbps&#x002B; board connectors (2013)

This paper introduces a novel air-dielectric via structure which can improve the interconnect signal bandwidth by reducing the impedance mismatch in vias of high speed system PCBs carrying 20 Gbps+ signals. Design methods of the proposed air-dielectric structure are presented. Using these methods a system target design impedance can be better matched thus causing reductions in the signal degradation caused by the reflections as well as propagation losses.
IoT Data Compression: Sensor-Agnostic Approach (2015)

Management of bulk sensor data is one of the challenging problems in the development of Internet of Things (IoT) applications. High volume of sensor data induces for optimal implementation of appropriate sensor data compression technique to deal with the problem of energy-efficient transmission, storage space optimization for tiny sensor devices, and cost-effective sensor analytics. The compression performance to realize significant gain in processing high volume sensor data cannot be attained by conventional lossy compression methods, which are less likely to exploit the intrinsic unique contextual characteristics of sensor data. In this paper, we propose SensCompr, a dynamic lossy compression method specific for sensor datasets and it is easily realizable with standard compression methods. Senscompr leverages robust statistical and information theoretic techniques and does not require specific physical modeling. It is an information-centric approach that exhaustively analyzes the inherent properties of sensor data for extracting the embedded useful information content and accordingly adapts the parameters of compression scheme to maximize compression gain while optimizing information loss. Senscompr is successfully applied to compress large sets of heterogeneous real sensor datasets like ECG, EEG, smart meter, accelerometer. To the best of our knowledge, for the first time 'sensor information content'-centric dynamic compression technique is proposed and implemented particularly for IoT-applications and this method is independent to sensor data types.
Joint Channel Estimation and Data Decoding using SVM-based Receivers. (2020)

Modern communication systems organize receivers in blocks in order to simplify their analysis and design. However, an approach that considers the receiver design from a wider perspective rather than treating it block-by-block may take advantage of the impacts of these blocks on each other and provide better performance. Herein, we can benefit from machine learning and compose a receiver model implementing supervised learning techniques. With this motivation, we consider a one-to-one transmission system over a flat fast fading wireless channel and propose a support vector machines (SVM)-based receiver that combines the pilot-based channel estimation, data demodulation and decoding processes in one joint operation. We follow two techniques in the receiver design. We first design one SVM-based classifier that outputs the class of the encoding codeword that enters the encoder at the transmitter side. Then, we put forward a model with one SVM-based classifier per one bit in the encoding codeword, where each classifier assigns the value of the corresponding bit in the encoding vector. With the second technique, we simplify the receiver design especially for longer encoding codewords. We show that the SVM-based receiver performs very closely to the maximum likelihood decoder, which is known to be the optimal decoding strategy when the encoding vectors at the transmitter are equally likely. We further show that the SVM-based receiver outperforms the conventional receivers that perform channel estimation, data demodulation and decoding in blocks. Finally, we show that we can train the SVM-based receiver with 1-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) outputs and the SVM-based receiver can perform very closely to the conventional receivers that take 32-bit ADC outputs as inputs.
One-Pot Synthesis of Substituted Allyl-α-d-Glucopyranosides by an in situ Anomerization Protocol (1994)

Abstract A new 3-step, 1-pot procedure for the stereoselective α-glycosylation of substituted allylic alcohols has been developed. The key step involves an in situ anomerization of the β-glycoside, obtained by Schmidt's glycosylation method, upon treatment with TiCl4.
Operator Spreading in Random Unitary Circuits (2018)

Random quantum circuits yield minimally structured models for chaotic quantum dynamics, which are able to capture, for example, universal properties of entanglement growth. We provide exact results and coarse-grained models for the spreading of operators by quantum circuits made of Haar-random unitaries. We study both 1 1D and higher dimensions and argue that the coarse-grained pictures carry over to operator spreading in generic many-body systems. In 1 1D, we demonstrate that the out-of-time-order correlator (OTOC) satisfies a biased diffusion equation, which gives exact results for the spatial profile of the OTOC and determines the butterfly speed v B . We find that in 1 1D, the "front" of the OTOC broadens diffusively, with a width scaling in time as t 1=2 . We address fluctuations in the OTOC between different realizations of the random circuit, arguing that they are negligible in comparison to the broadening of the front within a realization. Turning to higher dimensions, we show that the averaged OTOC can be understood exactly via a remarkable correspondence with a purely classical droplet growth problem. This implies that the width of the front of the averaged OTOC scales as t 1=3 in 2 1D and as t 0.240 in 3 1D (exponents of the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universality class). We support our analytic argument with simulations in 2 1D. We point out that, in two or higher spatial dimensions, the shape of the spreading operator at late times is affected by underlying lattice symmetries and, in general, is not spherical. However, when full spatial rotational symmetry is present in 2 1D, our mapping implies an exact asymptotic form for the OTOC, in terms of the Tracy-Widom distribution. For an alternative perspective on the OTOC in 1 1D, we map it to the partition function of an Ising-like statistical mechanics model. As a result of special structure arising from unitarity, this partition function reduces to a random walk calculation which can be performed exactly. We also use this mapping to give exact results for entanglement growth in 1 1D circuits.
Proceedings of the 2010 Workshop on GEometrical Models of Natural Language Semantics (2009)

This volume includes the papers presented at the GEMS 2010 Workshop - Geometrical Models for Natural Language Semantics, held on the 16th July 2010, jointly with the Conference of the Association for Computational Linguistics, ACL 2010, and endorsed by SigLex and SigSem.

Distributional models and semantic spaces represent a core topic in contemporary computational linguistics for their impact on advanced tasks and on other knowledge fields (such as social science and the humanities). Semantic spaces based on simple contextual units have been early used in information retrieval, showing dramatic impact on accuracy and scalability of many tasks. Later on, more linguistically principled spaces have been introduced for large-scale natural language learning problems, such as the acquisition of lexical taxonomies, word sense discrimination, pattern acquisition and conceptual clustering. More recently, specialized distributional models have been successfully applied to solve complex NLP tasks such as question answering, textual entailment and sentiment analysis. Cutting-edge applications include the adoption of semantic spaces as models of rich lexical semantic resources (e.g. lexical networks and lexicalized meaning theories, as frame semantics), and of machine learning approaches based on kernel methods.

The GEMS 2010Workshops builds on the successful first edition held in Athens in 2009 jointly with the Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, which counted more than 40 registered people and a large audience. As a follow-up of the GEMS 2009 Workshop, the Special Issue of the Journal of Natural Engineering dedicated to Distributional Lexical Semantics1 is a further proof of the high interest in this research area. The 2010 edition aims at consolidating GEMS' contribution to the field, by stimulating research on semantic spaces and distributional methods for NLP, by pushing for an interdisciplinary view, and by amplifying exchange of ideas, results and resources among often independent communities.

The Workshop has successfully gathered high quality contributions to problems of meaning representation, acquisition and use, including a total of 15 paper submissions. After a peer-review phase, the program committee has selected 8 papers to be presented at the workshop, all of which have been included in these proceedings. The papers are representative of the current state of the art in distributional semantics, including:

• cutting edge researches on geometric techniques and machine learning, such as tensor analysis, non-linear embeddings, kernel methods, and latent topic models;

• applications of semantic space models to lexical acquisition tasks;

• novel optimization techniques for efficient and scalable distributional methods.
Nasal Chemosensory-Stimulation Evoked Activity Patterns in the Rat Trigeminal Ganglion Visualized by In Vivo Voltage-Sensitive Dye Imaging (2011)

Mammalian nasal chemosensation is predominantly mediated by two independent neuronal pathways, the olfactory and the trigeminal system. Within the early olfactory system, spatiotemporal responses of the olfactory bulb to various odorants have been mapped in great detail. In contrast, far less is known about the representation of volatile chemical stimuli at an early stage in the trigeminal system, the trigeminal ganglion (TG), which contains neurons directly projecting to the nasal cavity. We have established an in vivo preparation that allows high-resolution imaging of neuronal population activity from a large region of the rat TG using voltage-sensitive dyes (VSDs). Application of different chemical stimuli to the nasal cavity elicited distinct, stimulus-category specific, spatiotemporal activation patterns that comprised activated as well as suppressed areas. Thus, our results provide the first direct insights into the spatial representation of nasal chemosensory information within the trigeminal ganglion imaged at high temporal resolution.
Oligomerization of Silyl Ketene: Favoring Chain Extension over Backbiting (2019)

Silyl ketenes provide an interesting class of molecules to be used as building blocks for highly functional molecules and materials, including as monomers in chain growth polymerizations, whereas previous work suggests that both the carbon–carbon and carbon–oxygen double bond of silyl ketenes can undergo polymerization; no selectivity was observed and secondary reactions occurred. Herein, we report the oligomerization of tert-butyldiphenyl silyl ketene, in which polymerization of the carbon–carbon double bond is accompanied by a Brook rearrangement to give a polysilyl enol ether structure. Computational studies support that this oligomer has a rigid rod structure and is highly polarizable, which is of potential value as a dielectric material. Experimentally, the impact of initiator, solvent, and reaction time is evaluated, and product identity is verified by 2D nuclear magnetic resonance studies. In the presence of a solvent and extended reaction times, intrachain backbiting occurs to yield two cyclic small molecules that were isolated and fully characterized, and mechanisms are proposed for their formation. At shorter reaction time or under solvent-free conditions, linear oligomers were isolated, and use of a bifunctional initiator led to the production of oligomers with molecular weight consistent with that expected based on the monomer-to-initiator ratio and percent monomer consumption. This work illustrates that silyl ketenes are intriguing and exciting building blocks for polymers, and ongoing work addresses the characterization of the physical properties of the materials and identifying conditions for the controlled polymerization of the carbon–oxygen double bond.
TUT Acoustic Event Detection System 2007. (2007)

This paper describes a system used in acoustic event detection task of the CLEAR 2007 evaluation. The objective of the task is to detect acoustic events (door slam, steps, paper wrapping etc.) using acoustic data from a multiple microphone set up in the meeting room environment. A system based on hidden Markov models and multi-channel audio data was implemented. Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients are used to represent the power spectrum of the acoustic signal. Fully-connected three-state hidden Markov models are trained for 12 acoustic events and one-state models are trained for speech, silence, and unknown events.
Prevalence rates of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus in various Pacific populations according to the new WHO criteria. (1982)

This report gives the prevalence rates of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and diabetes mellitus (DM) for several Micronesian, Polynesian, and Melanesian populations in the Pacific region according to the new WHO criteria.The Micronesian population of Nauru show the highest prevalence rates of both IGT (22.7%) and DM (30.3%) - 53% of the adult population thus demonstrating abnormal glucose tolerance. The lowest prevalence rates of both IGT (4.5%) and DM (1.5%) were seen in the rural Melanesian population of the main island of New Caledonia.
DEEP INFECTION AFTER ROTATOR CUFF REPAIR (2008)

Purpose: Currently, there is little information available concerning the outcome of patients with infection following rotator cuff repair. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to review the incidence, management and outcomes of patients with rotator cuff repair complicated with deep infection. Methods: Between 1975 and 2003, 39 cases of deep infection following rotator cuff repair were identified. The medical records and radiographs were retrospectively examined. At a mean follow-up of 8.2 years, seven patients had died and two patients had been lost to follow-up leaving 30 cases for outcome evaluation. Results: The incidence of deep infection after rotator cuff repairs that were performed at our institution was 0.43% (21 of 4886 cases). The mean interval from rotator cuff repair to the time of infection diagnosis was 49 days. ESR and C-reactive protein were elevated in only 60% and 50% of patients, respectively. Propionibacterium was the most common organism isolated, infecting 51% of cases. A mean of 3.3 surgical debridements were necessary for the eradication of infection. At final follow-up, mean active abduction was 121° and mean external rotation was 44°. The ASES score averaged 67 points and the Simple Shoulder Test score averaged 7.3 points. Conclusions: The data from this study suggests that the eradication of deep infection following rotator cuff repair is possible, however, substantial functional limitations are not unusual. Additionally, the treating surgeon should be aware of the high incidence of Propionibacterium and the importance of allowing a minimum of seven days of culture to identify this organism.
An alternative splicing switch in FLNB promotes the mesenchymal cell state in human breast cancer (2018)

Alternative splicing of mRNA precursors represents a key gene expression regulatory step and permits the generation of distinct protein products with diverse functions. In a genome-scale expression screen for inducers of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), we found a striking enrichment of RNA-binding proteins. We validated that QKI and RBFOX1 were necessary and sufficient to induce an intermediate mesenchymal cell state and increased tumorigenicity. Using RNA-seq and eCLIP analysis, we found that QKI and RBFOX1 coordinately regulated the splicing and function of the actin-binding protein FLNB, which plays a causal role in the regulation of EMT. Specifically, the skipping of FLNB exon 30 induced EMT by releasing the FOXC1 transcription factor. Moreover, skipping of FLNB exon 30 is strongly associated with EMT gene signatures in basal-like breast cancer patient samples. These observations identify a specific dysregulation of splicing, which regulates tumor cell plasticity and is frequently observed in human cancer.
Global Gene Expression and Pathway Analysis of Liver Obtained After 8 and 16 Weeks of Feeding Soy Isolate- or Casein-Based Diets in Male Obese Zucker Rats (2020)

To understand how soy protein isolate (SPI) reduced liver steatosis in male obese Zucker rats, we conducted global gene expression (RNAseq) analysis on liver samples of male rats fed either the SPI or a control casein (CAS)-based diet (n = 8 per group) for 8 or 16 weeks. Data was analyzed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software (Qiagen, CA) using a P < 0.05 and 1.3 fold differential expression cutoff values. Out of 12 top differentially expressed genes (both up- and down-regulated) that were listed at either 8 or 16 wks of feeding (24 total), only the expression of one gene exhibited a reversal (from down-regulated to up-regulated) between 8 and 16 wks indicating consistency in the liver steatosis model. An assessment of diseases and functions based on differentially expressed target molecules in the dataset revealed that lipid metabolism was predicted to be enhanced at 16 wks whereas inflammatory response was predicted to be inhibited in SPI-fed compared to CAS-fed rats at both 8 and 16 weeks. Using the upstream regulator analysis and regulator effects functions of the IPA program enables the prediction of a number of upstream regulators (e.g., transcription regulators) that could be playing important roles in attenuating or promoting liver steatosis due to SPI or CAS diets. Examples of upstream regulators that were predicted to be activated (based on expression of down-stream target molecules) that were linked to increased conversion of lipid and transport of lipid in SPI-fed rats included hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha and aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Examples of upstream regulators that were predicated to be activated in CAS-fed rats that were linked to predicted activation of phagocytosis and neutrophil chemotaxis included colony stimulating factor 2 and tumor necrosis factor. We believe these findings may shed light on mechanisms that SPI is able to reduce liver steatosis in this obese Zucker rat model. Arkansas Bioscience Institute and U of A Chancellor Innovative Fund.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of Protein Stabilization by Trehalose. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: CONVERSION OF ALIPHATIC AMIDES INTO AMINES WITH (I,I‐BIS(TRIFLUOROACETOXY)IODO)BENZENE. 1. SCOPE OF THE REACTION (1985)

Abstract Iodbenzoldiacetat (I) reagiert in Trifluoressigsäure zum I,I‐Bis‐trifluoracetoxyiodbenzol (II).
Further studies on the pharmacodynamic properties and organ selectivity of octylonium bromide. (1988)

At concentrations ranging from 8.5 to 30 microM, octylonium bromide (OB) did not affect sodium channel availability measured as maximal rate of depolarization (Vmax) of cardiac action potential. On the other hand, at equieffective spasmolytic concentrations (1.1 mM), procaine markedly inhibited Vmax as well as other electrophysiological parameters. These experiments indicate that at fully effective spasmolytic concentrations OB is devoid of local anaesthetic properties. In concentrations up to 10 microM OB did not affect phosphodiesterase activity in crude homogenates of rat colon which were inhibited by both papaverine (EC50 = 0.7 mM) and theophylline (EC50 = 3.5 mM). OB was more effective in antagonizing spasmogen-induced contractions on colonic as compared to tracheal preparations. Inhibition of Neurohormone-induced calcium ion mobilization from cellular and extracellular pools remains the mechanism of action which best explains the spasmolytic effects of OB on intestinal smooth muscle.
Lithium η3-aza-allyl) type complexes derived from the metallation of 2-(Me3Si)3 –nCHnC5H4N; influence of solvent and degree of substitution, n= 1 or 2, on the nature of the product (1984)

Metallation of 2-Me3Si)2CHC5N (RH) with LiBun in hexane yields RLi·RH, (1), whreas RH with LiBun and tmeda (tetramethylethylenediamine; 1 equiv.) in hexane affords Rli(tmeda), (2); the related 2-(Me3Si)CH2C5H4N (R′H) with LiBun in a hexane–diethyl ether mixture gives [{LiR′(OEt2)}2], (3): compounds (1)–(3), shown by X-ray crystallography to have novel η3-aza-allyl ligand geometries, are regarded as models for the bonding in the products of metallation of systems CH3-C(R″)NR‴.