gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Robust Representations for Keyword Spotting Systems (2022)

Keyword spotting poses several challenges due to acoustic disturbances such as noise, reverberation, and speaker-to-speaker variations. Typical keyword spotting features such as Log-Mel spectrograms or Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients are highly sensitive to frequency perturbations. Denoising such features using an autoencoder improves performance in noise but often results in poor generalization for unseen speakers. This paper proposes an architecture that addresses the above challenges for keyword spotting systems. The audio features are combined with a latent representation extracted by a denoising autoencoder. In addition, this paper proposes a novel method for creating highly separable optimal latent representations from speech using a discriminative denoising autoencoder trained with a quadruplet loss metric learning approach. The proposed approach creates a discriminative latent representation, which when combined with the original input results in an architecture that is ideal for keyword spotting. The proposed architecture outperforms all approaches when tested in both clean and noisy environments with reverberation at various distances on unseen speakers.
Finite Element and Experimental Test Results for Peek Composite Intramedullary Implants (1997)

Abstract Stress-shielding between the implant material and the bone is closely linked to the loosening of current metallic (titanium) orthopedic implants. A material having properties that closely match those of bone will decrease this shielding problem and improve implant fixation (1). This study uses a composite of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) to produce an isoelastic intramedullary implant (i.e., an implant with a stiffness equivalent to that of bone). A finite element model (FEM) was developed and numerical results were confirmed by experimental bending tests.
A Dual-Function Radar Communication System Using Index Modulation (2019)

Dual-function radar communication (DFRC) systems implement both sensing and communication using the same hardware. Such schemes are typically more efficient in terms of size, power, and cost, over using distinct radar and communication systems. Since these functionalities share resources such as spectrum, power, and antennas, DFRC methods typically entail some degradation in both radar and communication performance. In this work we propose a multi-carrier agile phased array radar (MAPAR) DFRC, which extends the previously proposed frequency agile radar and multi-carrier agile radar to a phased array antenna operating with constant modulus waveforms. The inherent spatial and spectral randomness of the proposed MAPAR is utilized to convey digital messages in the form of index modulation. The resulting communication scheme naturally coexists with the radar functionality, and thus does not come at the cost of reduced radar performance. We carry out a theoretical analysis of the radar and communication performances, quantifying the radar beam pattern and the achievable bit rate. Our numerical results demonstrate that the proposed MAPAR yields an effective range-spatial beam pattern, similar to that achievable with traditional phased array radar, while its communications bit rate is comparable to utilizing an independent communication module.
Supplementary Figure Legend from Development of an Fc-Enhanced Anti–B7-H3 Monoclonal Antibody with Potent Antitumor Activity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 78KB.&lt;/p&gt;
Ten-Year Outcome of Serum Metal Ion Levels After Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty (2013)

We previously reported on the metal ion concentrations of cobalt, chromium, and titanium that were found in the serum of patients three years after they had undergone primary total hip arthroplasty as compared with the concentrations found in the serum of control patients who did not have an implant. This study is a concise update on the serum metal levels found in a cohort of these patients ten years after the time of hip implantation. Of the original seventy-five subjects, metal ion levels were available for forty patients (53%). Ten patients (hybrid group) had received a hybrid total hip replacement that consisted of a modular cobalt-alloy femoral stem with a cobalt-alloy femoral head that had been inserted with cement and a titanium acetabular socket that had been inserted without cement. Nine patients (cobalt-chromium [CoCr] group) had received an implant with an extensively porous-coated modular cobalt-alloy femoral stem and femoral head along with a titanium acetabular socket; the femoral and acetabular components had each been inserted without cement. Eight patients (titanium group) had undergone insertion of a proximally porous-coated modular titanium-alloy femoral stem with a cobalt-alloy femoral head and a titanium acetabular socket; the femoral and acetabular components had each been inserted without cement. Thirteen patients (control group) from the original control group of patients who had not received an implant served as control subjects. Serum metal levels were measured with use of high-resolution sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The hybrid total hip arthroplasty group had mean cobalt levels that were 3.2 times higher at 120 months than they were at baseline, and the cobalt levels in that group were significantly higher than those in the titanium total hip arthroplasty group at thirty-six, sixty, eighty-four, ninety-six, and 120 months (p < 0.01). The hybrid group had mean chromium levels that were 3.9 times higher at 120 months than they were at baseline, and the CoCr total hip arthroplasty group had chromium levels that were 3.6 times higher at 120 months than they were at baseline. The serum titanium levels were higher in the titanium group at all follow-up time intervals as compared with the levels in all other groups, and the level in the titanium group at 120 months was eighteen times higher than it was at baseline (p < 0.01). Patients with well-functioning primary metal-on-polyethylene total hip replacements had elevated serum metal levels for as many as ten years postoperatively. Furthermore, metal release at the modular femoral head-neck junctions, rather than passive dissolution from porous ingrowth surfaces, was likely the dominant source of serum cobalt and chromium.
Personal Information Management (2011)

In an ideal world, everyone would always have the right information, in the right form, with the right context, right when they needed it. Unfortunately, we do not live in an ideal world. This book looks at how people in the real world currently manage to store and process the massive amounts of information that overload their senses and their systems, and discusses how tools can help bring these real information interactions closer to the ideal. Personal information management (PIM) is the study and practice of the activities people perform to acquire, organize, maintain, and retrieve information for everyday use. PIM is a growing area of interest as we all strive for better use of our limited personal resources of time, money, and energy, as well as greater workplace efficiency and productivity. Personal information is currently fragmented across electronic documents, email messages, paper documents, digital photographs, music, videos, instant messages, and so on. Each form of information is organized and used to complete different tasks and to fulfill disparate roles and responsibilities in an individual’s life. Existing PIM tools are partly responsible for this fragmentation. They can also be part of the solution that brings information together again. A major contribution of this book is its integrative treatment of PIM-related research. The book grows out of a workshop on PIM sponsored by the National Science Foundation, held in Seattle, Washington, in 2006. Scholars from major universities and researchers from companies such as Microsoft Research, Google, and IBM offer approaches to conceptual problems of information management. In doing so, they provide a framework for thinking about PIM as an area for future research and innovation.
ICM0201, a New Inhibitor of Osteoclastogenesis from Cunninghamella sp. F-1490. I. Taxonomy, Fermentation, Isolation and Biological Activities. (2003)

In the course of screening for inhibitors of osteoclastogenesis, a new substance designated as ICM0201 was isolated from a fermentation broth of Cunninghamella sp. F-1490. ICM0201 inhibited the formation of osteoclasts in mouse bone marrow cells with an IC50 value of 0.78 microg/ml and showed weak cytotoxicity against bone marrow cells.
Component Carrier Management for Carrier Aggregation in LTE-Advanced System (2011)

This paper focuses on investigating appropriate management of Component Carriers(CCs) in carrier aggregation(CA) system, which is identified as one of the most distinct features of 4G systems including Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A). An LTE-A user equipment (UE) is allowed to concurrently utilize multiple carriers, which leads to scalable increase in user throughput. However, in certain circumstances, aggregating entire available carriers for a UE is not meaningful due to probably low channel quality or high traffic load in some of the CCs. Therefore, how to make good use of multiple carriers in real deployment scenarios is an important issue. Based on the analysis of resource allocation across multiple carriers in Layer-2, two CC management methods in Layer 3 are proposed. The proposed method is shown by simulation results to be effective in providing comparable user throughput with lower implementation complexity, as compared to solely ingenious resource allocation.
Self-Resonant Microlasers of Colloidal Quantum Wells Constructed by Direct Deep Patterning (2021)

Here, the first account of self-resonant fully colloidal μ-lasers made from colloidal quantum well (CQW) solution is reported. A deep patterning technique is developed to fabricate well-defined high aspect-ratio on-chip CQW resonators made of grating waveguides and in-plane reflectors. The fabricated waveguide-coupled laser, enabling tight optical confinement, assures in-plane lasing. CQWs of the patterned layers are closed-packed with sharp edges and residual-free lifted-off surfaces. Additionally, the method is successfully applied to various nanoparticles including colloidal quantum dots and metal nanoparticles. It is observed that the patterning process does not affect the nanocrystals (NCs) immobilized in the attained patterns and the different physical and chemical properties of the NCs remain pristine. Thanks to the deep patterning capability of the proposed method, patterns of NCs with subwavelength lateral feature sizes and micron-scale heights can possibly be fabricated in high aspect ratios.
FQAM-FBMC Design and Its Application to Machine Type Communication (2018)

In this paper, we propose a novel waveform design which efficiently combines two air interface components: Frequency and Quadrature-Amplitude Modulation (FQAM) and Filter Bank Multicarrier (FBMC). The proposed approach takes the unique characteristics of FQAM into consideration and exploits the design of prototype filters for FBMC to effectively avoid self-interference between adjacent subcarriers in the complex domain, thus providing improved performance compared with conventional solutions in terms of self-interference, spectrum confinement and complexity with negligible rate loss.
Two-dimensional orthogonal filter banks and wavelets with linear phase (1998)

Two-dimensional (2-D) compactly supported, orthogonal wavelets and filter banks having linear phase are presented. Two cases are discussed: wavelets with two-fold symmetry (centrosymmetric) and wavelets with four-fold symmetry that are symmetric (or anti-symmetric) about the vertical and horizontal axes. We show that imposing the requirement of linear phase in the case of order-factorable wavelets imposes a simple constraint on each of its polynomial order-1 factors. We thus obtain a simple and complete method of constructing orthogonal order-factorable wavelets with linear phase. This method is exemplified by design in the case of four-band separable sampling. An interesting result that is similar to the one well-known in the one-dimensional (1-D) case is obtained: orthogonal order-factorable wavelets cannot be both continuous and have four-fold symmetry.
Linomide abolishes leukocyte adhesion and extravascular recruitment induced by tumor necrosis factor αin vivo (2000)

Abstract The immunomodulator Linomide (roquinimex) ameliorates the development of numerous inflammatory and immunological diseases, including sepsis, arthritis, and encephalomyelitis. However, the mechanism underlying this protective effect of Linomide remains unclear. In this study, we wanted to evaluate the effect of Linomide treatment on the different steps in the extravasation process of leukocytes stimulated by tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in vivo. For this purpose, we used intravital microscopy in the mouse cremaster muscle microcirculation. We found that pretreatment with Linomide dose-dependently (3–300 mg/kg) reduced TNF-α-induced leukocyte adhesion and tissue recruitment. Notably, at 300 mg/kg of Linomide, the leukocyte response to TNF-α was nearly abolished, i.e. leukocyte adhesion was decreased by 83% and recruitment by 86%. In fact, the anti-inflammatory effect of this dose of Linomide corresponded in magnitude to the potency of 10 mg/kg of dexamethasone. Moreover, administration of Linomide did not alter the systemic leukocyte counts. On the other hand, 1–10 mg/kg of dexamethasone decreased the circulating number of mononuclear leukocytes by 77%. Taken together, our novel findings demonstrate that Linomide is a potent inhibitor of leukocyte adhesion and recruitment in cytokine-activated tissues. These data may help explain the documented protection provided by Linomide in inflammatory diseases characterized by cytokine activation and leukocyte accumulation.
Modeling of Amino-Terminal Domains of Group I Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors:  Structural Motifs Affecting Ligand Selectivity (1999)

On the basis of a new sequence alignment between the amino terminal domains of mGlu1 and mGlu5 receptor subtypes and leucine/isoleucine/valine binding protein (LIVBP), three-dimensional models of the binding sites of the two group I metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes were constructed. The 3D-models thus obtained showed a high degree of similarity. In the region of the putative binding site, identified by Ser165 and Thr188 (mGlu1) or Ser152 and Thr175 (mGlu5), the only nonconserved residue is Pro369 (mGlu1), which is substituted by Gln356 in mGlu5. Although not directly involved in ligand binding, these residues may provide a subtle difference in the steric environment of the two active sites that may account for the observed subgroup selectivity of recently reported ligands.
Remarkable Enhancement of Enantioselectivity in the Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Dimethylzinc to (Z)‐Nitroalkenes with a Catalytic [(MeCN)4Cu]PF6–Hoveyda Ligand Complex (2014)

An enantioselective copper-catalyzed asymmetric conjugate addition of Me2Zn to (Z)-nitroalkenes led to the formation of all-carbon quaternary stereogenic centers with high stereoselectivity. The key features of the new method are the unprecedented use of [(MeCN)4Cu]PF6 in conjunction with the Hoveyda ligand L1 and the use of (Z)-nitroalkene substrates so that undesired nitroalkene isomerization is minimized and enantioselectivity is enhanced dramatically. We also describe a novel, practical, and highly (Z)-selective nitroalkene synthesis.
A new concept for aquaponic systems to improve sustainability, increase productivity, and reduce environmental impacts (2015)

Aquaculture is globally the fastest growing sector of agriculture that needs to be sustainable and must also meet bioeconomic demands. In principle, aquaponics, the combination of aquaculture and horticulture within a single recirculating aquaponic system (SRAPS), provides a sustainable approach; however, it has lower productivity of both fish and plants in comparison to separate recirculating systems. The aim of our new concept for aquaponics is to improve sustainability and productivity concomitant with lowering environmental emissions. The aquaponic system for (nearly) emission free tomato and fish production in greenhouses (ASTAF-PRO) is a new combination of systemic parts, consisting of 2 independent recirculating units: an aquaculture system (RAS) for fish and a hydroponic unit for plants. Both systems are connected by a 1-way valve to deliver fish water containing nutrients into the hydroponic reservoir, where the fish water can be optimized as fertilizer in order to meet specific demands of the plant species. Thus, our double recirculation aquaponic system (DRAPS) can provide optimum conditions for both parts to increase productivity and to prevent any adverse interactions between plant and fish units. Water use is minimized by condensing the plant evapo-transpired water via air conditioning and returning it into the RAS. Testing of the ASTAF-PRO prototype successfully demonstrated the principle using a combination of tilapia and tomato production. Tilapia productivity was similar to single RAS, while tomato production at least indicated the potential for similar efficiency to conventional hydroponics. Thus, ASTAF-PRO improves sustainability and productivity while lowering environmental emissions, and might promote future application of aquaponics for food security.
Supplementary Figure 5 from Tumor-Promoting Desmoplasia Is Disrupted by Depleting FAP-Expressing Stromal Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Analysis of immune infiltrating cells in 4662 tumors following FAP-CAR Therapy.&lt;/p&gt;
Efficacy of neoadjuvant bevacizumab added to docetaxel followed by fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide, for women with HER2-negative early breast cancer (ARTemis): an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial (2015)

Cancer Research UK, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis.
Possible Modes of Allergen-Specific Sensitization and Boosting in an Atopic Child (2003)

Several studies document that allergen-specific IgE levels are boosted by allergen contact via the respiratory tract in allergic patients. Only few data are available on whether other routes of allergen contact have an influence on systemic IgE responses. We report the case of a boy who developed egg allergy after heavy consumption of eggs by the mother during pregnancy and breast feeding. In contrast to other children who outgrow egg allergy during the first years of life, the boy experienced further dramatic increases in hen egg-specific IgE antibodies after prolonged consumption of ostrich eggs containing cross-reactive allergens. IgE antibodies to most of the important respiratory allergens remained either low or not detectable. The dramatic increases in hen egg-specific IgE antibody levels after oral intake of allergens demonstrate that systemic IgE responses in allergic patients can be strongly boosted by allergen contact via routes other than the respiratory tract.
Schistosomal egg antigen‐responsive CD8 T‐cell population in Schistosoma mansoni‐infected BALB/c mice (1999)

We demonstrated here that schistosomal egg antigen (SEA) is able to stimulate an antigen-specific, cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell response in mice. Indeed, a single i.p. immunization with SEA resulted in the in vivo induction of significant cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity in the spleen within 20 days. Effector cells were classic class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted CD8+ lymphocytes producing interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-2 (IL-2), suggesting a type 1 response to SEA. We therefore investigated the relevance of these observations in the context of the Schistosoma mansoni parasite infection. CTL activity against SEA-pulsed target cells was evidenced throughout the infection after in vitro stimulation of recovered splenic cells with SEA demonstrating that SEA-specific CD8+ T cells with cytotoxic potentialities are present during infection. This activity was strongly increased after immunization of mice with SEA like the production of IFN-gamma in the sera. A marked reduction in the number of granulomas and of fibrosis with the presence of cells producing IFN-gamma in the liver was also observed leading to the survival of SEA-immunized mice.
Catalytic membrane reactor, methods of making the same and methods of using the same for dehydrogenation reactions (2023)

A catalytic membrane reactor and methods of operating and producing the same are provided that efficiently produces highly pure hydrogen (H2) from ammonia (NH3) as well as operates according to other chemical conversion processes. In one embodiment, a tubular ceramic support made from porous yttria-stabilized zirconia has an outer surface that is impregnated with a metal catalyst such as ruthenium and then plated with a hydrogen permeable membrane such as palladium. An inner surface of the ceramic support is impregnated with cesium to promote conversion of ammonia to hydrogen and nitrogen (N2). The resulting catalytic membrane reactor produces highly pure hydrogen at low temperatures and with less catalytic loading. Therefore, ammonia can be used to effectively transport hydrogen for use in, for example, fuel cells in a vehicle.
Logic Upset Level of GaAs SRAMs for Pulsed Ionizing Radiation (1983)

The first pulsed ionizing radiation logic upset measurements on GaAs 256-bit static RAMs are reported and analyzed. The circuit design utilized GaAs enhancement junction field-effect transistors (E-JFETs) with resistive loads and direct-coupled field-effect transistor logic (DCFL). The test results demonstrated upset levels for the most sensitive cells in the range of 6 × 109 to 1 × 1010 rad(GaAs)/s. All evaluated memories contained a core of hard memory cells which retained their logic state up to a dose rate of 3 × 1011 rad(GaAs)/s. A tentative model for memory state upset is presented, which includes the semi-insulating substrate currents generated by ionizing radiation and predicts the observed behavior of the static RAMs tested.
High Resolution Strain Measurements in a Polycrystalline Superalloy during Plastic Deformation: Slip Band Discontinuity Analysis (2018)

International audience
Report on FPGA '94 (1994)

The purpose of the FPGA '94 workshop was to bring together people working on the widely varying technologies needed to create and use Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Field-Programmable Systems and Field-Programmable Analog Arrays. These technologies include Computer-Aided Design, FPGA Architecture, Circuit Design and IC fabrication process design.
The Eighth Fibronectin Type III Domain of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor J Influences the Formation of Protein Complexes and Cell Localization (2009)

Regulation of receptor-type phosphatases can involve the formation of higher-order structures, but the exact role played in this process by protein domains is not well understood. In this study we show the formation of different higher-order structures of the receptor-type phosphatase PTPRJ, detected in HEK293A cells transfected with different PTPRJ expression constructs. In the plasma membrane PTPRJ forms dimers detectable by treatment with the cross-linking reagent BS(3) (bis[sulfosuccinimidyl]suberate). However, other PTPRJ complexes, dependent on the formation of disulfide bonds, are detected by treatment with the oxidant agent H(2)O(2) or by a mutation Asp872Cys, located in the eighth fibronectin type III domain of PTPRJ. A deletion in the eighth fibronectin domain of PTPRJ impairs its dimerization in the plasma membrane and increases the formation of PTPRJ complexes dependent on disulfide bonds that remain trapped in the cytoplasm. The deletion mutant maintains the catalytic activity but is unable to carry out inhibition of proliferation on HeLa cells, achieved by the wild type form, since it does not reach the plasma membrane. Therefore, the intact structure of the eighth fibronectin domain of PTPRJ is critical for its localization in plasma membrane and biological function.