gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genome-Wide Association Study Meta-Analysis Reveals Transethnic Replication of Mean Arterial and Pulse Pressure Loci (2013)

We conducted a genome-wide association study meta-analysis of mean arterial pressure and pulse pressure among 26,600 East Asian participants (stage 1) followed by replication study of up to 28,783 participants (stage 2). For novel loci, statistical significance was determined by a P<5.0×10(-8) in joint analysis of stage 1 and stage 2 data. For loci reported by the previous mean arterial and pulse pressure genome-wide association study meta-analysis in Europeans, evidence of transethnic replication was determined by consistency in effect direction and a Bonferroni-corrected P<1.4×10(-3). No novel loci were identified by the current study. Five independent mean arterial pressure variants demonstrated robust evidence for transethnic replication including rs17249754 at ATP2B1 (P=7.5×10(-15)), rs2681492 at ATP2B1 (P=3.4×10(-7)), rs11191593 at NT5C2 (1.1×10(-6)), rs3824755 at CYP17A1 (P=1.2×10(-6)), and rs13149993 at FGF5 (P=2.4×10(-4)). Two additional variants showed suggestive evidence of transethnic replication (consistency in effect direction and P<0.05), including rs319690 at MAP4 (P=0.014) and rs1173771 at NPR3 (P=0.018). For pulse pressure, robust evidence of replication was identified for 2 independent variants, including rs17249754 at ATP2B1 (P=1.2×10(-5)) and rs11191593 at NT5C2 (P=1.1×10(-3)), with suggestive evidence of replication among an additional 2 variants including rs3824755 at CYP17A1 (P=6.1×10(-3)) and rs2681492 at ATP2B1 (P=9.0×10(-3)). Replicated variants demonstrated consistency in effect sizes between East Asian and European samples, with effect size differences ranging from 0.03 to 0.24 mm Hg for mean arterial pressure and from 0.03 to 0.21 mm Hg for pulse pressure. In conclusion, we present the first evidence of transethnic replication of several mean arterial and pulse pressure loci in an East Asian population.
The rapid emergence of two-dimensional nanomaterials for high-performance separation membranes (2018)

Two-dimensional nanomaterials are rapidly emerging as promising building blocks for the design of molecular sieving membranes with remarkable separation performance.
Magnetic resonance imaging characterization of circumferential and longitudinal strain under various coronary interventions in swine (2013)

Cine MRI revealed subtle changes in LV strain caused by various ischemic insults. It also demonstrated the interaction between the right and left ventricles after coronary interventions. Coronary microemboli with and without acute myocardial infarction (AMI) cause complex myocardial injury and ventricular dysfunction that is not replicated in solely AMI.
The design of a high speed ASIC unit for the hash function SHA-256 (384, 512) (2004)

After recalling the basic algorithms published by NIST for implementing the hash functions SHA-256 (384, 512), a basic circuit characterized by a cascade of full adder arrays is given. Implementation options are discussed and two methods for improving speed are exposed: the delay balancing and the pipelining. An application of the former is first given, obtaining a circuit that reduces the length of the critical path by a full adder array. A pipelined version is then given, obtaining a reduction of two full adder arrays in the critical path. The two methods are afterwards combined and the results obtained through hardware synthesis are exposed, where a comparison between the new circuits is also given.
Neural Network Approaches for Enabling Automatic Target Recognition. (2020)

Abstract not provided.
<title>Adaptive low-pass extrapolation for object-based texture coding of moving video</title> (1997)

The extension of conventional video coding schemes by additional content-based functionalities is a key issue in MPEG-4 standardization. To this end, suitable techniques for coding texture information of arbitrary shaped image segments have to be developed. In this paper, a new approach for coding of such image segments is presented which is based on signal extrapolation. In contrast to other extrapolation approaches described in the literature, the proposed method is computationally simple and specifically adapted to the needs of real-time video coding. The extrapolation works in the spatial domain and yields a signal with high energy concentration in the low frequency area. Restricting the extrapolation to a block grid allows straight forward extension of common block-based video coding techniques to coding of arbitrarily shaped image objects.
Variability of Faecal Calprotectin in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients: An Observational Case-control Study (2019)

A single stool punch is reliable for FC measurement, considering that intrastool variability is low. Intra-individual variability a few days apart is significantly higher. Therefore, decision-making strategies based on single measurements should consider this variability, to determine the minimum optimal variation to be achieved, rather than a cut-off, especially in high FC levels.
EMC mobile facility for system level testing of an aircraft (1999)

An Integrated EMC Mobile Test Facility (IEMTF) has been designed and developed for system level testing of an aircraft in lieu of dedicated Anechoic Test Facility (ATF). This facility essentially consists of Radiated Emission (RE), Radiated Susceptibility (RS), Bulk Current Injection (BCI), and Ground Plane Interference (GPI) test systems, housed in a mobile shielded shelter. In this paper the system level EMC requirements for aircraft testing have been derived from MIL-STD 464 and related documents. Accordingly the IEMTF has been designed to meet these requirements in the absence of a sophisticated ATF. The details of various test systems with their performance and calibration procedures required in the Open Air Test Site (OATS) for aircraft level EMC testing has been critically discussed in this paper.
Enantioselective Synthesis and Application of the Highly Fluorescent and Environment‐Sensitive Amino Acid 6‐(2‐Dimethylaminonaphthoyl) Alanine (DANA). (2002)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Vertebral Locking Lesion Following Cervical Spine Fracture in Ankylosing Spondylitis (2012)

Spine fractures in patients with ankylosing spondylitis frequently extend to all 3 columns, which can lead to displacement and deformity with severe instability. Cervical spine fractures occasionally cause severe kyphotic deformities, such as chin-on-chest deformities. In such cases, the patients typically exhibit a chronic progression of hyperkyphosis after the traumatic event. This article describes a unique case of ankylosing spondylitis associated with an acute chin-on-chest deformity following a spine fracture due to a vertebral locking lesion.A 60-year-old man fell while walking and sustained a compression fracture of the C6 vertebra. Two weeks later, the patient acutely developed an inability to raise his head, difficulties with chewing and swallowing, and a horizontal gaze. Radiographs demonstrated a severe kyphosis in the cervical spine with a locking lesion between the anterior wall of the C5 and C6 vertebrae. The patient also presented with neurological impairment in his hands. Because the anterior approach to the spine was anatomically impossible, halo traction was initially applied under a close observation of neurological symptoms. Three days after halo traction, release of the vertebral locking lesion and realignment of the spine were seen. The patient subsequently underwent spinal fusion using a combined anterior-posterior approach.Postoperatively, neurological dysfunction improved, and solid fusion was confirmed at 6 months. In cases of acute kyphotic deformity following cervical spine fracture in ankylosing spondylitis patients, halo traction followed by circumferential spine fusion is a safe and effective approach for improving the alignment and stability of the spine.
GameChanger) Multifunctional Design of Hybrid Composites of Load Bearing Antennas (2011)

Abstract : Under this AFOSR GameChanger we carried out groundbreaking research by developing methods and materials to realize small and conformal structurally integrated antennas for unmanned airborne vehicles (UAVs). We are proud to report several groundbreaking developments in all areas. Among them we (a) developed a conformal, load-bearing antenna technology by embroidering e-fibers on polymer composites, (b) Characterized performance of the e-fibers in terms of core and specific strength for load-bearing applications, (c) Developed a new principles DFT method for systematic search of ferromagnetic, low conductivity nanowires, (d) Developed a strategy for increasing permittivity and permeability proportionately using magnetic nanowires combined with conventional high contrast materials for antenna miniaturization, (e) demonstrated theoretical feasibility of laminate EM materials that alter wave propagation characteristics, critical to future miniaturization efforts, (f) Developed a multi-time scaling model and algorithm for coupling mechanical and EM solutions in real time, critical to multiphysics coupled EM-Structural analysis, (g) Extended our new domain decomposition algorithm to 3-D space and characterized more complex/intricate details on large platforms such as e-fibers embroidered on UAV platforms. In addition to this report, our ground breaking work under this program has been published in over 120 journal papers and over 70 conference summaries.
Effect of aspirin on angioplasty-induced vessel wall hyperemia (1983)

Angioplasty produces a persistent 20-fold increase in blood flow through mural vasa vasorum. To assess the role of prostaglandins in this phenomenon, vessel wall blood flow in experimentally dilated carotid arteries of aspirin treated dogs was measured. Aspirin (10 mg/kg, intravenously) significantly attenuated the increase in blood flow produced by dilation (+283 +/- 91% SE, n = 6) when compared to non-aspirin-treated controls (+2356 +/- 885% SE, n = 10). This suggests that aspirin, by interfering with arachidonate metabolism, may decrease local vasodilation after angioplasty. The effect of aspirin therapy on the long-term success of angioplasty requires further study.
Pancreatic islets implanted in an irreversible electroporation generated extracellular matrix in the liver (2023)

This study shows that pancreatic islets can become incorporated and function in an NTIRE-generated extracellular matrix niche, albeit the success rate is low. Advances in the field could be achieved by developing a better understanding of the mechanisms of failure and ways to combat these mechanisms.
Performance of reduced bit-depth acquisition for optical frequency domain imaging (2009)

High-speed optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI) has enabled practical wide-field microscopic imaging in the biological laboratory and clinical medicine. The imaging speed of OFDI, and therefore the field of view, of current systems is limited by the rate at which data can be digitized and archived rather than the system sensitivity or laser performance. One solution to this bottleneck is to natively digitize OFDI signals at reduced bit depths, e.g., at 8-bit depth rather than the conventional 12-14 bit depth, thereby reducing overall bandwidth. However, the implications of reduced bit-depth acquisition on image quality have not been studied. In this paper, we use simulations and empirical studies to evaluate the effects of reduced depth acquisition on OFDI image quality. We show that image acquisition at 8-bit depth allows high system sensitivity with only a minimal drop in the signal-to-noise ratio compared to higher bit-depth systems. Images of a human coronary artery acquired in vivo at 8-bit depth are presented and compared with images at higher bit-depth acquisition.
Docking and Molecular Dynamic Investigations of Phenylspirodrimanes as Cannabinoid Receptor-2 Agonists (2022)

Cannabinoid receptor ligands are renowned as being therapeutically crucial for treating diverse health disorders. Phenylspirodrimanes are meroterpenoids with unique and varied structural scaffolds, which are mainly reported from the <i>Stachybotrys</i> genus and display an array of bioactivities. In this work, 114 phenylspirodrimanes reported from <i>Stachybotrys chartarum</i> were screened for their CB2 agonistic potential using docking and molecular dynamic simulation studies. Compound <b>56</b> revealed the highest docking score (-11.222 kcal/mol) compared to <b>E3R</b>_6KPF (native agonist, gscore value -12.12 kcal/mol). The molecular docking and molecular simulation results suggest that compound <b>56</b> binds to the putative binding site in the CB2 receptor with good affinity involving key interacting amino acid residues similar to that of the native ligands, <b>E3R</b>. The molecular interactions displayed π-π stacking with Phe183 and hydrogen bond interactions with Thr114, Leu182, and Ser285. These findings identified the structural features of these metabolites that might lead to the design of selective novel ligands for CB2 receptors. Additionally, phenylspirodrimanes should be further investigated for their potential as a CB2 ligand.
Dietary oleic and palmitic acid exert similar effects on plasma lipids and lipoprotein metabolism in hamsters fed purified diets with low cholesterol but different quantities of fat. (1997)

The current study was designed to determine whether the transition from a low-fat (20% en) to a high-fat (40% en) diet through incremental increases in specific fatty acids (16:0 or 18:1) would exert a differential effect on plasma lipids and lipoprotein metabolism. Male Golden Syrian hamsters were fed purified diets in which the dietary fat (fatty acids) content was varied by blending different dietary oils. Animals were fed one of 5 purified diets: a low-fat control diet with 20% en fat; two diets with 30%en from fat; and two diets with 40% en from fat. In each case the extra fat was supplied either by oleic acid or palmitic acid. Dietary myristic (0 - 0.50% en) and linoleic acid (5.2 -5.9% en) were relatively constant across all diets, which contained a low level of cholesterol (~40 mg/1000 kcal). Diets were formulated so that protein, vitamins and minerals were constant per calorie. All animals were fed a fixed amount of calories for 6-8 week periods. Plasma lipids (n=15-20 per group) and lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were determined following sequential ultracentrifugation, from individual animals (n=5-6 per group). Increasing dietary fat from 20% en to 30% en to 40% en, by increasing oleic acid (6.9% en to 16.5% en to 24.8% en respectively), did not affect total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) or lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. Similarly, increasing dietary fat from 20% en to 30% en to 40% en, by increasing palmitic acid (6.6% en to 12.9% en to 21 % en) had no affect on plasma lipids or lipoprotein cholesterol. The similarity in plasma and lipoprotein cholesterol levels was further confirmed by kinetic studies (at 8 weeks) in which animals were injected simultaneously with either radiolabeled native LDL and methylated LDL or radiolabeled native LDL and HDL. Consistent with the similarities in circulating LDL-C concentrations, there was no difference in the clearance (ie fractional catabolic rates and half-lives) of LDL by either receptor-mediated or receptor-independent pathways. Similarly, in agreement with the similar HDL-C concentrations, no difference was observed in HDL fractional catabolic rates. Thus, if dietary myristic acid is low and linoleic acid is adequate and constant, dietary 16:0 and 18:1 can be readily interchanged, across a wide range of energies without compromising the plasma lipid profile in normocholesterolaemic animals consuming low-cholesterol diets. Whether this 16:0/18:1 equivalence is dependent on the relatively low levels of dietary cholesterol and/or adequate amounts of linoleic acid (~5 to 6% en) remains to be established.
Probing the Role of PrP Repeats in Conformational Conversion and Amyloid Assembly of Chimeric Yeast Prions (2007)

Oligopeptide repeats appear in many proteins that undergo conformational conversions to form amyloid, including the mammalian prion protein PrP and the yeast prion protein Sup35. Whereas the repeats in PrP have been studied more exhaustively, interpretation of these studies is confounded by the fact that many details of the PrP prion conformational conversion are not well understood. On the other hand, there is now a relatively good understanding of the factors that guide the conformational conversion of the Sup35 prion protein. To provide a general model for studying the role of oligopeptide repeats in prion conformational conversion and amyloid formation, we have substituted various numbers of the PrP octarepeats for the endogenous Sup35 repeats. The resulting chimeric proteins can adopt the [PSI+] prion state in yeast, and the stability of the prion state depends on the number of repeats. In vitro, these chimeric proteins form amyloid fibers, with more repeats leading to shorter lag phases and faster assembly rates. Both pH and the presence of metal ions modulate assembly kinetics of the chimeric proteins, and the extent of modulation is highly sensitive to the number of PrP repeats. This work offers new insight into the properties of the PrP octarepeats in amyloid assembly and prion formation. It also reveals new features of the yeast prion protein, and provides a level of control over yeast prion assembly that will be useful for future structural studies and for creating amyloid-based biomaterials.
Inverse design of cavities for Bloch Surface Waves interfaced to integrated waveguides (2022)

The design of functional elements for Bloch Surface Waves (BSW) is challenging because of the relatively low index contrast offered by the respective platforms. Here, we design a supporting photonic nanostructure that extracts as much light as possible from a quantum emitter into a waveguide in an integrated BSW architecture. The inverse problem is solved using topology optimization. Emphasis is put on discussing the algorithm’s emerging strategies for the design to enhance the Purcell factor, the coupling efficiency, or both for different index contrasts. Fully three-dimensional simulations of an explicit device show the benefits of our devices and pave the way for integrating such unconventional photonic elements into future fully-integrated BSW devices.
Amyloid β Oligomeric Species Present in the Lag Phase of Amyloid Formation (2015)

Alzheimer's disease (AD)-associated amyloid β peptide (Aβ) is one of the main actors in AD pathogenesis. Aβ is characterized by its high tendency to self-associate, leading to the generation of oligomers and amyloid fibrils. The elucidation of pathways and intermediates is crucial for the understanding of protein assembly mechanisms in general and in conjunction with neurodegenerative diseases, e.g., for the identification of new therapeutic targets. Our study focused on Aβ42 and its oligomeric assemblies in the lag phase of amyloid formation, as studied by sedimentation velocity (SV) centrifugation. The assembly state of Aβ during the lag phase, the time required by an Aβ solution to reach the exponential growth phase of aggregation, was characterized by a dominant monomer fraction below 1 S and a population of oligomeric species between 4 and 16 S. From the oligomer population, two major species close to a 12-mer and an 18-mer with a globular shape were identified. The recurrence of these two species at different initial concentrations and experimental conditions as the smallest assemblies present in solution supports the existence of distinct, energetically favored assemblies in solution. The sizes of the two species suggest an Aβ42 aggregation pathway that is based on a basic hexameric building block. The study demonstrates the potential of SV analysis for the evaluation of protein aggregation pathways.
The makings of TERRA R-loops at chromosome ends (2021)

Telomeres protect chromosome ends from nucleolytic degradation, uncontrolled recombination by DNA repair enzymes and checkpoint signaling, and they provide mechanisms for their maintenance by semiconservative DNA replication, telomerase and homologous recombination. The telomeric long noncoding RNA TERRA is transcribed from a large number of chromosome ends. TERRA has been implicated in modulating telomeric chromatin structure and checkpoint signaling, and in telomere maintenance by homology directed repair, and telomerase - when telomeres are damaged or very short. Recent work indicates that TERRA association with telomeres involves the formation of DNA:RNA hybrid structures that can be formed post transcription by the RAD51 DNA recombinase, which in turn may trigger homologous recombination between telomeric repeats and telomere elongation. In this review, we describe the mechanisms of TERRA recruitment to telomeres, R-loop formation and its regulation by shelterin proteins. We discuss the consequences of R-loop formation, with regard to telomere maintenance by DNA recombination and how this may impinge on telomere replication while counteracting telomere shortening in normal cells and in ALT cancer cells, which maintain telomeres in the absence of telomerase.
Polyclonal Activation of Human B Lymphocytes in Vitro by Pokeweed Mitogen: a Simple Technique for the Simultaneous Assessment of Cell Proliferation, Generation of Plasma Cells, Plaque‐forming Cells and Immunoglobulin Production (1978)

A simple technique has been worked out for the simultaneous assessment of cell proliferation, generation of plasma cells, plaque-forming cells and immunoglobulin production from single cultures of 1 X 10(6) human peripheral blood lymphocytes stimulated with pokeweed mitogen (PWM). Kinetic studies showed that number of cells, thymidine incorporation rate, number of plaque-forming cells against fluorescein-isothiocyanate-haptenated sheep erythrocytes and concentration of IgM and IgG in the supernatant peaked on the average between day 5 and 7 of culture. This technique is particularly suitable for the analysis of hypogammaglobulinaemias in infancy.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Hsp27 Regulates Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition, Metastasis, and Circulating Tumor Cells in Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 48K, Hsp27 knockdown reduces cell invasion through matrigel.&lt;/p&gt;
Discrete-mode cancellation mechanism for high-Q integrated optical cavities with small modal volume (2004)

A mechanism to reduce radiation loss from integrated optical cavities without a complete photonic bandgap is introduced and demonstrated. It is applicable to any device with a patterned substrate (including both low and high index-contrast systems), when it supports discrete guided or leaky modes through which power escaping the cavity can be channeled into radiation. One then achieves the associated increase in Q by designing the cavity such that the near-field pattern becomes orthogonal to these discrete modes, therefore canceling the coupling of power into them and thus reducing the total radiation loss. The method is independent of any delocalization mechanism and can be used to create high-Q cavities with small modal volume.