gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of SAR Image Quality Performance Analysis Tool for High Resolution Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (2010)

본 연구에서는 영상레이다 (SAR)의 영상품질 분석 변수 및 확장 보간법, 배경레벨 제거 기법 등의 분석 기법을 정의하고 이를 바탕으로 SAR 영상품질 분석 툴을 개발하였다. 개발된 SAR 영상품질 분석 툴은 크게 점 표적 분석 (PTA) 모듈, 분산 표적 분석 (DTA) 모듈, 모호성 분석 (AMA) 모듈, NESZ 분석 (NESZA) 모듈, 총 4개의 주요 모듈로 구성된다. 개발 툴은 SAR 제품 파일 포맷에서 다양한 시스템 파라미터 추출하고, 이를 바탕으로 임펄스 응답 특성, 방사 성능, 모호성 등의 SAR 영상 품질 변수를 계산한다. In this paper, the typical Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image quality parameters and analysis method are defined, and the SAR image analysis tool is presented for SAR image evaluation. The structure of the developed SAR image analysis tool consists of four key modules; point target analysis (PTA) module, distributed target analysis (DTA) module, ambiguity analysis (AMA) module, and NESZ analysis (NESZA) module. The developed tool is able to extract the various SAR system parameters from standard SAR product format files. Based on these extracted system parameters, typical SAR image quality parameters are derived from SAR image data.
A Multiscale Graph Convolutional Neural Network Framework for Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearing (2023)

Fault diagnosis for rolling bearing has been an important engineering problem through decades. To detect the damaged bearing surface, engineers analyze the features from the extracted vibration signals of the machine. As artificial intelligence rapidly develops and provides favorable effects in data analytics, using deep learning technology to attack fault diagnosis problems has attracted increasing research interests in recent years. However most existing methods do not provide satisfactory performance in mining the relationship between the signals. Even graph convolutional networks that can perform well in non-Euclidean Spaces have limitations, since it only considers extracting features from a single scale, ignoring the potential relationship between signals at various scales. For salvation, we propose a multi-scale graph convolutional network(MS-GCN) for this specific problem. In MS-GCN, we put forward a multi-scale feature extraction module, which extracts the features of vibration signals two times under diverse receptive field ranges, ensuring that the regularities of signal features can be fully discovered. In addition, we devise a multi-scale graph iteration module, which incorporates two single-scale graph iteration modules and a cross-scale graph iteration module, which can fully retain local features based on extensive mining of global information. We also propose a mutual fusion module based on the Bayesian method, which forcibly manipulates various features as a prior and achieves an convincing result. The horizontal visibility graph (HVG) method is used to construct graph models at multiple scales, which can better capture the hidden information of signal vibrations. In experiments, we verify the proposed model on the CWRU dataset to evaluate the method performance. The results show that our model significantly improved accuracy compared with other state-of-the-art methods.
A U.S. Survey of Sexual Harassment in Ophthalmology Training Using a Novel Standardized Scale (2020)

Most ophthalmology trainees experienced sexual harassment with almost all harassment coming from patients. Female trainees reported substantially greater severity and frequency of sexual harassment. There remains an unmet need for targeted response training in ophthalmology training programs.
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (2014)

In 2007, Dr. Huang observed the catalytic phenomena of the phosphate ester hydrolysis in aged inorganic iron solutions and iron oxide nanomaterials under the aqueous environment with Michaelis-Menten kinetics behavior and suggested a hypothesis on the inorganic enzyme (University of Miami, 2008; RSC Advance, 2012; Astrobiology, 2018; Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: An Inorganic Phosphatase, 2019). His discovery is not only significant for organic phosphorus transformation in the current environment but also provides clues for biocatalysts and first life evolution. Dr. Huang further stated that all inorganic nanomaterials that have intrinsic enzyme-like properties can be considered inorganic enzymes due to their unique architectural features, which are comparable to the function of known enzymes (proteins) and ribozymes (RNA), in a new discovery catalog of biocatalysts. Dr. Huang is also an active participant in environmental science, as a peer reviewer for twenty international journals.
The Potential Application of Sorbents in Peritoneal Dialysis (2006)

Sorbents have been designed to remove small and middle molecular weight toxins, including low molecular weight proteins, peptides, cytokines and chemokines in patients undergoing renal replacement therapy. Sorbents assist the process of peritoneal dialysate regeneration and have the potential to improve the efficiency of continuous flow peritoneal dialysis.
On Blind DS-CDMA Synchronization Using An Antenna Array (1999)

A blind frequency domain method for estimating the propagation delays of DS-CDMA signals is presented. The algorithm is formulated using an antenna array, and uses the fact that the spatially and temporally correlated additive noise, consisting of both interfering users and thermal noise, will be asymptotically uncorrelated on the FFT frequency grid. The algorithm is computationally simple, and can be efficiently implemented using the FFT algorithm. Simulations illustrate that near-far resistance can be achieved using spatial diversity. 1. INTRODUCTION Direct-sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) is widely considered to be a promising technology for future wireless communication networks. Due to the near-far problem for CDMA cellular systems in a multiuser environment, there has lately been an increased interest in robust time-delay estimation and blind adaptive interference suppression (see [3] and the many references therein). Near-far resistant estimators are of great im...
A Versatile Method for Solid-Phase Synthesis of Polyamines: Neuroactive Polyamine Toxins as Example (2001)

A general method for sequential synthesis of polyamines on solid-phase is described. Each polyamine chain elongation step is based on alkylation under Mitsunobu conditions of resin-bound amine, activated with a 2-nitrobenzenesulfonyl group. The Mitsunobu reaction was accomplished with 1,1'-(azadicarbonyl)dipiperidine and tributylphosphine, using 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxy-carbonyl-protected amino alcohols as the chain extension elements. The yield of the Mitsunobu reaction was optimized with respect to reaction time, reagent ratio and concentration, order of addition of the reagents, and temperature; the optimized yield approached 100%. The method was used for synthesis of philanthotoxin-433, a natural polyamine wasp toxin, and of its seven analogs, with all possible combinations of trimethylene and tetramethylene units separating the nitrogen atoms of the polyamine chain. The yields of purified end products were 23-40%.
Multi-dimensional permutation-modulation format for coherent optical communications (2015)

We introduce the multi-dimensional permutation-modulation format in coherent optical communication systems and analyze its performance, focusing on the power efficiency and the spectral efficiency. In the case of four-dimensional (4D) modulation, the polarization-switched quadrature phase-shift keying (PS-QPSK) modulation format and the polarization quadrature-amplitude modulation (POL-QAM) format can be classified into the permutation modulation format. Other than these well-known modulation formats, we find novel modulation formats trading-off between the power efficiency and the spectral efficiency. With the increase in the dimension, the spectral efficiency can more closely approach the channel capacity predicted from the Shannon's theory. We verify these theoretical characteristics through computer simulations of the symbol-error rate (SER) and bit-error rate (BER) performances. For example, the newly-found eight-dimensional (8D) permutation-modulation format can improve the spectral efficiency up to 2.75 bit/s/Hz/pol/channel, while the power penalty against QPSK is about 1 dB at BER=10(-3).
Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPDs) (2003)

Because polymorphisms are noted by the presence or absence of amplification products from a single allele, the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique tends to provide only dominant markers. Individuals containing two copies of one allele are not distinguished by amplification (1,2) from those with only one copy. Dominant markers provide little linkage information for markers linked in repulsion. Therefore, when mapping, it is advisable to only work with markers linked in coupling, e.g., in a backcross or recombinant-inbred population, haploid, or gametophytic tissue or, alternately, in an F2 population with markers amplified from only one parent.
O3241 VARIANCE OF PELVIC POSITION IN SUPINE AND STANDING POSITION (2004)

Aims: For planning of Total Hip Arthroplasties (THA) plain X-rays of the pelvis in anterior posterior orientation are used. New methods such as CT scans and intraoperative digitization with navigation devices introduce the third dimension into orthopaedic planning. In order to compare measurements derived from three-dimensional data-acquisition with standard pelvic measurements it is important to estimate the underlying variances of those standards. Methods: 120 patients were investigated and subdivided in 4 groups depending of their age or the condition of their hip joints. The patients were positioned in a supine position on a table and in a standing position. Three landmarks at the patientOs pelvis (left and right anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and the pubic tubercle (PT)) were percutaneously digitized with a digitizing arm (Micro-Scribe-3DX, Vizion, Glendale, CA). The pelvic positions in space were calculated in relation to the horizontal and the vertical plane. Results: Despite the anatomical deþnition (0i), we found an inclination of 4-6i. There is no signiþcant difference between supine and standing position and no signiþcant difference between the groups and no diffenrence between genders. All patients lyed sat in supine position without special positioning effort Conclusions: The pelvis orientation ist very stable in standing as well in supine position no matter if the patient is old or young, has coxarthrosis ore none or a THA. Therefore it can be concluded that our knowledge derived from measurements of planar a.-p.x-rays is not insuenced by a massive variance in pelvic positions
Feel Free to Interrupt (2020)

Saving and restoring an FPGA task state in an orderly manner is essential to enable hardware checkpointing, which is highly desirable to improve the ability to debug cloud-scale hardware services, and context switching, which allows multiple users to share FPGA resources. However, these features require task interruption, and stopping a task at an arbitrary time can cause several hazards including deadlock and data loss. In this article, we build a context saving and restoring simulator to simulate and identify these hazards. In addition, we derive design rules that should be followed to achieve safe task interruption. Finally, we propose task wrappers that can be placed around an FPGA task to implement these rules. The timing and area overheads added by these wrappers are very small; they add 1.8% area and no timing overhead to a full Memcached system. Taken together, these design rules and wrappers enable safe checkpointing and context switching in a wide variety of FPGA tasks, including those with multiple clocks, multi-cycle I/O transactions, and interface dependencies.
PRIMARY UNCONSTRAINED SHOULDER ARTHROPLASTY IN PATIENTS WITH A FIXED ANTERIOR GLENOHUMERAL DISLOCATION (2006)

Background: Reports of shoulder arthroplasty for the treatment of fixed glenohumeral dislocation are rare. The purpose of this study was to analyze the results following shoulder arthroplasty in patients with a fixed anterior shoulder dislocation. Methods: Eleven patients were evaluated at a minimum of twenty-four months after they underwent an arthroplasty for the treatment of a fixed anterior shoulder dislocation. Four patients underwent a total shoulder arthroplasty, and the remainder were treated with a hemiarthroplasty. Four shoulders had osseous reconstruction of the anterior aspect of the glenoid. The patients were evaluated with use of the Constant score, measurement of active anterior elevation and external rotation, the patient's subjective grading of the result, and a radiographic examination. Results: The mean Constant score improved from 21.1 points preoperatively to 46.0 points following the arthroplasty, and the mean active anterior elevation improved from 48.6° to 90.0°. The pain component of the Constant score was the most reliably improved parameter, increasing from a mean of 4.8 points preoperatively to a mean of 11.0 points postoperatively. Eight patients reported that the result was excellent or good, and the remaining three considered it to be fair. We observed seven complications in five patients, including four cases of anterior instability of the shoulder. Two of the four patients treated with a total shoulder replacement were seen to have definite loosening of the glenoid component on follow-up radiographs. Conclusions: Shoulder arthroplasty in patients with a fixed anterior shoulder dislocation is fraught with difficulties and complications. Although arthroplasty reliably relieved shoulder pain in this population, limited functional results should be expected. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Supplementary Figure Legend from Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 Is a Novel Molecular Therapeutic Target for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure Legend - PDF file 92K, Figure legends for Supplementary Figures&lt;/p&gt;
Raman excited spin coherences in N-V diamond (2001)

Summary form only given. The use of optical Raman interactions to excite spin coherences in solids has numerous potential applications, ranging from low-power nonlinear optics to high-temperature spectral hole burning memories to solid-state quantum computing. The interest in Raman excitation lies in the fact that the spin coherences can be efficiently excited and manipulated using optical laser fields yet are weakly coupled to the environment and hence have the long coherence lifetimes needed for optical memories and quantum computing. The interest in nitrogen-vacancy (N-V) color centers in diamond is its large optical oscillator strength. For memory, a large oscillator strength is important for high temperature operation. For quantum computing, the high optical transition rate enables the higher gate speed and the larger number of quantum logic operations that can be performed within the spin coherence lifetime.
Challenges for Color Science in Multimedia Imaging (1998)

This view of multimedia imaging places color science in a subordinate position. However, it can be worthwhile to exchange the positions. That is, multimedia imaging is but one of many technologies that exemplify color science. This approach has been described previously by the author regarding educational imperatives (1) and as a pedantic vehicle for describing the relationships between user controls and resulting color for various color technologies (2). This approach will be revisited within the context of multimedia imaging.
Increased frequency and earlier onset of pituitary tumours in mice deleted for a multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 allele and null for prolyl hydroxylase domain protein 1 (Men1+/-/Phd1-/-) (2014)

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
Spectroscopic investigation of rare-earth-doped chloride single crystals for telecommunications amplifiers (1998)

In single crystals of AgCl, BaCl<SUB>2</SUB>, PbCl<SUB>2</SUB>, SrCl<SUB>2</SUB>, KPb<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>5</SUB> with an unextended phonon spectrum (E less than 200 cm<SUP>-1</SUP>), doped by Dy, the luminescence spectrum was found to cover a wide range from visible region to IR (4.3 mkm for KPb<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>5</SUB>), including well pronounced 1.31 mkm band, which is important for using in telecommunication amplifiers. The Rare Earth impurity was shown to enter the host matrice as RE<SUP>3+</SUP> in chlorides, the only type of impurity centers being formed in the case of rhombic MeCl<SUB>2</SUB> crystals with Me equals Ba, P, S.
Bandwidth-efficient deep learning (2018)

Deep learning algorithms are achieving increasingly higher prediction accuracy on many machine learning tasks. However, applying brute-force programming to data demands a huge amount of machine power to perform training and inference, and a huge amount of manpower to design the neural network models, which is inefficient. In this paper, we provide techniques to solve these bottlenecks: saving memory bandwidth for inference by model compression, saving networking bandwidth for training by gradient compression, and saving engineer bandwidth for model design by using AI to automate the design of models.
A Tunable Hybrid Laser With Ultra-High Tuning Efficiency (2016)

We demonstrate a novel hybrid microring laser with an integrated III-V-on-Si metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitor for essentially zero-power tuning in wavelength and output power. Over 10,000,000X better tuning efficiency and chirp-free operation have been achieved.
An improved method to estimate frequency of false positive answers in computerized perimetry (1997)

Reliability of patient performance in static computerized perimetry is important for evaluation of results. False positive answers tend to falsely increase measured threshold sensitivity. The frequency of false positive responses is traditionally measured by adding extra questions, catch trials, to the test. Catch trials are few and limited because of time constraints, leading to inexact estimates. We developed an improved method for estimation of false positive answers by using information already available in current ordinary computerized visual field testing, without increasing test time. We here describe the method and evaluate it in a prospectively collected material of 49 glaucoma eyes of 49 patients. The results show that the new method reduces measurement errors considerably and significantly as compared with the traditional catch trials method. Test-retest change was only half with the new method as compared to the traditional method of catch trials. Furthermore, it can reduce test time by eliminating the need to use catch trials to estimate the frequency of false positive responses.
Limite de la miniaturisation des antennes par des matériaux magnétiques à haute perméabilité (2009)

National audience
INTERLEUKIN-6 AND ITS RECEPTOR (2001)

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a polypeptide that is produced during infection, injury, or immunologic challenge. There are two molecular forms, IL-1-beta and IL-1-alpha, and despite only a 26% amino acid homology, both forms induce a wide variety of biological changes. These include systemic effects such as fever, sleep, ACTH release, and increased sodium excretion. In vitro, IL-1 activates T and B lymphocytes and induces a variety of lymphokines, interferons, and other cytokines, particularly tumor necrosis factor, for the induction of inflammatory changes such as prostaglandin synthesis, activation of endothelial cells, and bone resorption. Despite the broad range of tissue targets, IL-1 receptors have been described primarily on lymphocyte lines and fibroblasts. A feature of these studies is the low numbers of receptor sites and a relatively low-affinity binding. There is also evidence for the existence of a second class of high-affinity receptors. Molecular weights of IL-1 receptors vary with the cell source; these have been demonstrated with molecular weight of 80, 70, and 60 kDa. In general, there is a discrepancy between receptor number and affinity and biological responses to IL-1. One explanation for the mechanism of action of IL-1, particularly on T cells, is the requirement for cross-linking of two membrane proteins. In some cells, the binding of IL-1 to putative receptors may be fast and transient, accounting for activation of intracellular responses without a measureable biological response (such as increased DNA synthesis). IL-1 activation of cells is an important biological response, and its mechanism remains in an unexplored domain.
In vitro Study of Removal of Protein-Bound Toxins (2013)

Protein-bound toxins are not efficiently removed by conventional hemodialysis techniques. In order to improve the removal of protein-bound toxins, we performed an in vitro study to evaluate the effects of dilution and pH change on the dissociation of protein-bound toxins from albumin. Human plasma harvested by therapeutic apheresis treatment was diluted with saline or isotonic NaHCO3 solution, and the amounts of the free fractions of indoxyl sulfate (IS) and homocysteine were determined. The results suggested that IS was dissociated easily from albumin by dilution and pH change; higher dilution was associated with more effective removal and a greater increase of the free fraction of IS. However, these methods did not facilitate dissociation of homocysteine from albumin. Effective removal of some protein-bound toxins may be achieved by applying dilution and pH change methods to blood purification techniques, such as pre-dilution on-line hemodiafiltration.
Advancing catalytic fast pyrolysis through integrated multiscale modeling and experimentation: Challenges, progress, and perspectives (2018)

Catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) is a conversion process that integrates rapid thermochemical depolymerization of solid feedstocks with catalytic transformation to yield small molecules for fuel and chemical products. This process is well‐suited for the conversion of nonfossil feedstocks such as biomass and waste plastics, and thereby holds great potential for the production of renewable commodities. In spite of many technological developments in various aspects of CFP achieved over decades of research, this technology has yet to attain commercial success for the production of fuels and chemicals from renewable feedstocks. Effective CFP processes require careful coordination of chemical and physical phenomena that span very large length and time scales. A broad spectrum of scientific progress in both pyrolysis and catalytic upgrading has provided the foundation for successful deployment of CFP, although additional progress in process‐scale integration is yet required for commercial realization. Modeling and simulation tools provide an important framework wherein the CFP technologies by be better understood and evaluated from a holistic perspective. Here we provide a detailed description of the multiscale phenomena underlying CFP, describe challenges and associated technical progress, and suggest strategies for an integrated approach to advance this technology toward commercialization. This article is categorized under: Bioenergy &gt; Systems and Infrastructure Bioenergy &gt; Science and Materials
[Assessment of regional myocardial blood flow and energy metabolism]. (1987)

Regional myocardial perfusion and metabolism were evaluated in coronary artery disease with positron emission computed tomography (PET). Regional myocardial perfusion was assessed after the intravenous administration of 13N-ammonia at rest and during exercise loading, using a supine ergometer. In some cases, 18F-FDG was administered at rest, and compared with 13N-ammonia. 13N-ammonia revealed hypoperfusion in coronary artery disease, in 73% of cases at rest and in 97%, during exercise study. Increased accumulations of 18F-FDG were observed in the peri-infarcted areas with decreased perfusions, and in the regions with normal perfusions at rest, where the exercise study showed transient ischemia. These results indicate that PET can detect regional myocardial ischemia with superior sensitivity, and that it provides a means of evaluating myocardial metabolism in vivo.