gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low Complexity Rake Receivers in Ultra-Wideband Channels (2007)

One of the major issues for the design of ultra-wideband (UWB) receivers is the need to recover the signal energy dispersed over many multipath components, while keeping the receiver complexity low. To this aim we consider two schemes for reduced-complexity UWB Rake receivers, both of which combine a subset of the available resolved multipath components. The first method, called partial Rake (PRake), combines theirs/ arriving multipath components. The second is known as selective Rake (SRake) and combines the instantaneously strongest multipath components. We evaluate and compare the link performance of these Rake receivers in different UWB channels, whose models are based on extensive propagation measurements. We quantify the effect of the channel characteristics on the receiver performance, analyzing in particular the influence of small-scale fading statistics. We find that for dense channels the performance of the simpler PRake receiver is almost as good as that of the SRake receiver, even for a small number of fingers. In sparse channels, however, the SRake outperforms the PRake significantly. We also show that for a fixed transmitted energy there is an optimum transmission bandwidth
An SNP variant MT1-MMP with a defect in its collagenolytic activity confers the fibrotic phenotype of Dupuytren’s Disease (2020)

Abstract Dupuytren’s Disease (DD) is a common fibroproliferative disease of the palmar fascia. We previously identified a strong association with a non-synonymous variant (rs1042704, pD273N) in MMP14 (encoding MT1-MMP). We investigated the functional consequences of this variant, and demonstrated that the variant MT1-MMP (MT1-N 273 ) exhibits only 17% of cell surface collagenolytic activity compared to the ancestral enzyme (MT1-D 273 ). Cells expressing both MT1-D 273 and MT1-N 273 in a 1:1 ratio, mimicking the heterozygous state, possess 38% of the collagenolytic activity compared to the cells expressing MT1-D 273 , suggesting that MT1-N 273 acts in a dominant negative manner. Consistent with this hypothesis, patient-derived DD myofibroblasts expressing MT1-N 273 demonstrated around 30% of full collagenolytic activity regardless of the heterozygous or homozygous state. 3D-molecular envelope modelling using small angle X-ray scattering demonstrated altered positioning of the catalytic domain within dimeric molecules. Taken together, our data suggest that rs1042704 directly contributes to the fibrotic phenotype of DD.
Classification of Skin Abnormalities Using Oblique-Incidence Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (2002)

This paper presents a technique for classifying skin abnormalities using oblique- incidence diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The objective is to provide a non-invasive computer- assisted tool to dermatologists for lowering the number of unnecessary biopsies.
New naturally occurring sesquiterpenes from Scotch spearmint oil (Mentha cardiaca Ger.) (1989)

Abstract The composition of the redistillation residue of Scotch spearmint oil (type ‘midwest’, Mentha cardiaca Ger.) was investigated. In addition to a number of known sesquiterpene alcohols the new natural compounds β‐bourbonen‐13‐ol (1b) and endo ‐1‐bourbonanol (2a) were identified, as well as l,5‐epoxysalvial‐4(14)‐ene (4) and its exo configurated isomer 5.
Low Threshold Current Density (100) GaInAsP/InP Double-Heterostructure Lasers for Wavelength 1.3 µm (1979)

Low threshold current density (100) GaInAsP/InP DH lasers emitting at 1.3 µm with thin active layer were studied experimentally and theoretically. The two phase solution growth technique was applied with low cooling rate of 0.08°C/min, which gave 0.05 µm thick uniform active layer. The threshold current density was minimized down to 770 A/cm2 with 0.13 µm thick active layer by reducing the concentration of Zn dopant, whereas the normal V–I characteristic was kept. The residual internal and the external absorption losses of the active layer were estimated to be about 70 cm-1 and 30 cm-1, respectively, in order to know the theoretical threshold limit. The narrowest beam divergence obtained was 23° for the active layer 0.05 µm thick. Both the threshold current density dependence on the thickness of the active layer and the beam divergence were in good agreement with the theory which was calculated by using the relative refractive index difference of 8.7%. A narrow stripe laser with undoped thin active layer had a tendency to emit in a single longitudinal mode.
Advances in the Technology of Automated, Tidal, and Continuous Flow Peritoneal Dialysis (2007)

Automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) has undergone substantial growth in recent years because of an increased demand for higher doses of peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment and a need to improve quality of life for patients. The evolution of this treatment is closely linked with the development of new automatic machines and with recent advances in prescription and monitoring of PD treatment. In the present article, we describe the characteristics of the new generation of APD cyclers with particular regard to adequacy targets and safety. There is renewed interest in continuous-flow peritoneal dialysis (CFPD), because of a belief that new peritoneal access technologies will make the success of this modality a possibility. In the CFPD technique, a certain amount of fluid is constantly present in the abdomen, and constant inflow and outflow are maintained without interruption thanks to paired indwelling catheters. The PD solution is used either in a single pass or in a recirculation loop with a regeneration systems (sorbent cartridge or dialyzer).
Cognitive manic symptoms associated with the P2RX7 gene in bipolar disorder (2011)

There is an association between specific symptoms of bipolar disorder and the P2RX7 gene. This finding may open up new approaches to elucidating the neurobiology behind bipolar symptoms.
Mechanism of Inhibition of Human Testicular Steroidogenesis by Oral Ketoconazole∗ (1986)

To determine the antisteroidogenic effect of ketoconazole (KTZ) in the human testis, we measured the plasma delta 5-pregnenolone, delta 5-17 alpha-hydroxypregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), progesterone, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione (A), and testosterone (T) concentrations in three men with previously untreated metastatic prostate cancer at various time intervals for 24 h before and 48 h after the administration of 200 mg oral KTZ every 8 h. The adrenal glands of these three patients were suppressed (as measured by the plasma cortisol levels) by the administration of 1.0 mg dexamethasone daily for 7 days before and during the study. After six doses of KTZ, bilateral orchiectomy was performed, and the intratesticular concentration of the aforementioned seven steroids and the intratesticular activities of the 17 alpha-hydroxylase, 17,20-desmolase, and 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzymes in the delta 4-steroidogenic pathway were determined. These seven intratesticular steroids and three intratesticular enzyme activities were compared to those in five men with previously untreated prostate cancer who underwent orchiectomy as primary treatment for their disease. Plasma A, DHEA, and T all significantly decreased during KTZ therapy. There was no significant change in the other four steroids in the plasma. In the testis, delta 5-pregnenolone, delta 5-17 alpha-hydroxypregnenolone, and delta 4-17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone were all significantly elevated, whereas intratesticular DHEA, A, and T were significantly decreased in the three KTZ-treated patients compared to levels in the five non-KTZ-treated patients. Measurement of the enzyme activities demonstrated a significant reduction in both 17 alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-desmolase, but no change in 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, in the KTZ-treated patients compared to the levels in the non-KTZ-treated patients. We conclude that oral KTZ decreases testicular T production by inhibiting the 17,20-desmolase and also the 17 alpha-hydroxylase steps in both the delta 4- and delta 5-T biosynthetic pathways.
Convergence and Complexity Analysis of Delayless Subband Adaptive Filters (2004)

Subband adaptive filters have been proposed to circumvent the drawbacks of slow convergence and high computational complexity associated with time domain adaptive filters. Subband processing introduces transmission delays and signal degradations due to aliasing effects. In order to overcome the transmission delays, delayless adaptive filtering has been introduced where the coefficient adaptation is performed in the subband domain while signal filtering is performed in fullband. In this paper convergence behavior and computational complexity of two different types of delayless adaptive filters are considered. Both open loop and closed loop configurations are studied. The theoretical results are compared with simulations of algorithms in a system identification scenario.
Association of a structural variant within the SQSTM1 gene with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (2020)

This disease association highlights the importance and implications of further investigation into SVs that may provide new targets for cohort stratification and therapeutic development.
Abstract 19227: In-vivo Pet Imaging of Long-Term Microglia-Activation After Cardiac Arrest in Rats (2016)

Objective: Half of the survivors of cardiac arrest (CA) suffer from permanent impairment of cognitive functions. CA is a state of global cerebral ischaemia that causes delayed neuronal death in sel...
Proliferative activity of colonic mucosa at different distances from primary adenocarcinoma as determined by the presence of statin (1992)

The field change is one hypothesis concerning the development of colorectal carcinoma. Removal of a carcinoma without its entire surrounding altered mucosa may result in the development of a recurrence. S44, a monoclonal antibody directed against statin, a nuclear protein expressed in nonproliferating cells in either a quiescent or senescent state, was used to determine the rate of cell growth in colorectal mucosa at different distances from carcinomas. The specimens of 18 patients undergoing resection of a colorectal carcinoma were immediately opened after operation, and strips of mucosa were taken at distances of 1 cm, 5 cm, and 10 cm from the carcinoma. For each location, 10 longitudinally oriented crypts were evaluated for statin-positive cells identified by the presence of a dark brown peroxidase-conjugated antibody reaction product. The average percentage of statin-positive cells per crypt was significantly lower at a 1-cm distance from the carcinoma compared with the mucosa located 5 and 10 cm from the carcinoma (20.89 +/- 4.33 at 1 cm, 32.41 +/- 5.27 at 5 cm, and 34.23 +/- 6.45 at 10 cm). None of the calculated parameters showed any significant difference between the 5-cm and 10-cm locations. The fact that the proliferation rate of the mucosal cells returns to the normal level at 5 cm from the margin of the carcinoma suggests that cells located within this distance still retain proliferative potential even though they are morphologically indistinguishable from their normal counterparts. We conclude that failure to remove this transitional, potentially proliferative mucosa may result in subsequent development of anastomotic or perianastomotic recurrences.
Luminescent Neutral Cu(I) Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization and Application in Solution-Processed OLED (2016)

Four novel neutral copper(I) compounds were prepared, based on the chelating phosphine bis(2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl)ether, (DPEPhos), and a series of nitrogen-containing heterocycles as ancillary ligands. The optical properties can be tuned according to the ancillary ligand and their emissions at room temperature in aprotic solvent (CH2Cl2) go from greenish blue to orange. Their photoluminescence in solid state is particularly attractive and make their employment in opto-electronic devices very appealing. In particular, the low-cost preparation method of solution-processed light emitting devices is suitable for copper(I) complexes. In order to choose a suitable device architecture, the electrochemical characteristics were investigated and the frontier orbitals values were determined. Preliminary results on solution-processed OLED are presented. (C) 2016 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Plasmonic Coupling of SiO2–Ag “post-cap” Nanostructures and Silver Film for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (2011)

We demonstrate a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate consisting of SiO2–Ag “post-cap” nanostructures with an underlying silver film. Optimized coupling between freestanding Ag caps and the underlying silver film results in a maximum enhancement factor of 2.38×109.
RODEO: Replay for Online Object Detection (2020)

Humans can incrementally learn to do new visual detection tasks, which is a huge challenge for today's computer vision systems. Incrementally trained deep learning models lack backwards transfer to previously seen classes and suffer from a phenomenon known as $"catastrophic forgetting."$ In this paper, we pioneer online streaming learning for object detection, where an agent must learn examples one at a time with severe memory and computational constraints. In object detection, a system must output all bounding boxes for an image with the correct label. Unlike earlier work, the system described in this paper can learn this task in an online manner with new classes being introduced over time. We achieve this capability by using a novel memory replay mechanism that efficiently replays entire scenes. We achieve state-of-the-art results on both the PASCAL VOC 2007 and MS COCO datasets.
Fabrication of Nanoparticle Films Applying Directed Self-assembly (2015)

The fabrication process of large-area self-assembled monolayers of gold nanoparticles was investigated, focusing on the effect of the solvent applying dip-coating system at fast rates (mm/sec). The uniformity of the particle array formed on the substrate was improved by polymer coating on the nanoparticle surface that prevents movement of particles during the drying process. We have also examined the effects of solvent in suspension on formation of nanoparticle films. The uniformity of films on the substrate was improved by selecting methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) as a solvent. In addition, it was found that the solvent annealing with MEK vapor promotes rearrangement of nanoparticle alignment in the films. Self-assembling performances of nanoparticles were also demonstrated by applying topographical pattern.
Inclined-Field Structure, Morphology, and Pinning of the Vortex Lattice in Microtwinned YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 (1993)

A detailed small-angle neutron scattering study of the vortex lattice in a single crystal of YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7) was made for a field of 0.5 tesla inclined at angles between 0 and 80 degrees to the crystalline c axis. The vortex lattice is triangular for all angles, and for angles less than or equal to 70 degrees its orientation adjusts itself to maximize the pinning energy to densely and highly regularly spaced twin planes. These observations have important implications for the microscopic flux-pinning mechanism, and hence for the critical current achievable in YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7). For large angles (about 80 degrees) the vortex lattice consists of independent chains in the orientation predicted by anisotropic London theory.
Water Extract of Ashwagandha Leaves Limits Proliferation and Migration, and Induces Differentiation in Glioma Cells (2009)

Root extracts of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) are commonly used as a remedy for a variety of ailments and a general tonic for overall health and longevity in the Indian traditional medicine system, Ayurveda. We undertook a study to investigate the anti-proliferative and differentiation-inducing activities in the water extract of Ashwagandha leaves (ASH-WEX) by examining in glioma cells. Preliminary detection for phytochemicals was performed by thin-layer chromatography. Cytotoxicity was determined using trypan blue and MTT assays. Expression level of an hsp70 family protein (mortalin), glial cell differentiation marker [glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)] and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) were analyzed by immunocytochemistry and immunoblotting. Anti-migratory assay was also done using wound-scratch assay. Expression levels of mortalin, GFAP and NCAM showed changes, subsequent to the treatment with ASH-WEX. The data support the existence of anti-proliferative, differentiation-inducing and anti-migratory/anti-metastasis activities in ASH-WEX that could be used as potentially safe and complimentary therapy for glioma.
Analysis of a new multi-oscillated current resonant type DC-DC converter (2007)

This paper presents the analysis of a new multi-oscillated current resonant type DC-DC converter. Current resonant converters have several remarkable features such as high efficiency, small size, low cost and low noise, and are frequently employed in many portable electronic systems such as personal computers, cellular phones and flat panel displays. The current resonant type converter generally employs pulse frequency modulation for constant voltage control in the output. For this reason, the magnetizing current through the converter not only causes a power loss under a light load, but also a loss during stand-by. Therefore, this type of converter has a problem in that the required smaller size cannot be achieved, because an auxiliary source is necessary for stand-by. In order to solve these problems, a new current resonant type power supply is proposed in which two driving methods are employed. In these driving methods, one MOSFET as a main switch is driven by an auxiliary winding of the transformer and another MOSFET as a main switch is driven by the driving IC with a low withstand voltage. Good agreement of the observed and simulated waveforms was confirmed. In addition, eight distinct states and four distinct operating modes, which compose of the sequence of states, were clarified by experimental and simulated analysis.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Functional Identification of Cancer-Specific Methylation of <i>CDO1</i>, <i>HOXA9</i>, and <i>TAC1</i> for the Diagnosis of Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 2177KB, Scatter Plots of Gene Re-expression with Decitabine or Trichostatin-A in Eight Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines.&lt;/p&gt;
C-Arm CT Measurement of Cerebral Blood Volume: An Experimental Study in Canines (2009)

In these healthy animals, measurement of CBV with C-arm CT compared well with measurements made with PCT.
A Study on Reclaimed Photoresist Developer Using an Electrodialysis Method (2001)

Photoresist developer reclamation technology and systems have been investigated and characteristics of the reclaimed developer were evaluated. High-purity tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) aqueous solution adjusted to an appropriate concentration is generally used as the photoresist developer in the lithography step for large scale integration (LSI) and liquid crystal display (LCD) manufacturing processes. TMAH was recovered by an electrodialysis (ED) method from developer waste (spent developer), and purified by ion exchange (IE) technologies. The reclaimed developer was analyzed and found to feature the same purity as fresh commercial developer and no differences in their characteristics as developer material could be determined. Our experimental reclamation system recovered more than 80% of stable TMAH from waste and, moreover, achieved large reductions in operating costs, which amounted to total cost reductions of 55–75% for LSI and 65–85% for LCD compared with the conventional systems without reclamation studied by us. In addition, environmental load was reduced.
High Altitude Platform Stations (HAPS): Architecture and System Performance (2021)

High Altitude Platform Station (HAPS) has the potential to provide global wireless connectivity and data services such as high-speed wireless backhaul, industrial Internet of things (IoT), and public safety for large areas not served by terrestrial networks. A unified HAPS design is desired to support various use cases and a wide range of requirements. In this paper, we present two architecture designs of the HAPS system: i) repeater based HAPS, and ii) base station based HAPS, which are both viable technical solutions. The energy efficiency is analyzed and compared between the two architectures using consumption factor theory. The system performance of these two architectures is evaluated through Monte Carlo simulations and is characterized in metrics of spectral efficiency using LTE band 1 for both single-cell and multi-cell cases. Both designs can provide good downlink spectral efficiency and coverage, while the uplink coverage is significantly limited by UE transmit power and antenna gain. Using directional antennas at the UEs can improve the system performance for both downlink and uplink.
Design of Peptide Analog Inhibitors of Proteolytic Processes (2023)

Proteases, a subset of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins or polypeptides, play a crucial role in the maintenance and regulation of a number of biological processes. The Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS), for example, contains a cascade of proteases. In the RAS, the protein angiotensinogen is processed to the decapeptide angiotensin 1 by the proteolytic enzyme renin, and further to the octapeptide angiotensin 2 by a second protease, angiotensin-converting enzyme (Scheme 13.1). A series of later hydrolytic steps produces various other peptide products including angiotensin 3. The physiological role of the RAS both in the circulatory system and as reported recently in various tissues is quite varied [1,2]. The RAS maintains salt and volume homeostasis in the body and regulates blood pressure [3]. This hormonal system is also important for cardiovascular regulation since angiotensin 2 is a potent vasoconstrictor. The use of peptide analog inhibitors as an approach to control the RAS cascade either by blocking renin or angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) has had strong clinical success against several physiological disorders such as hypertension and cardiovascular diseases [4,5].
GaAs-AlAs Monolithic Microresonator Arrays (1987)

Miniaturization of optical logic devices has long been considered to be a key to minimizing their energy requirements but difficult to achieve 1-4 . We demonstrate a straightforward technique for fabricating arrays of GaAs/AlAs Fabry-Perot etalon devices (microresonators) as small as 1.5 μ m in diameter. The growth of integrated GaAs-AlAs nonlinear etalons by molecular beam epitaxy 5 (MBE) represents a tremendous advance over previous fabrication techniques 6 . From the sample of reference 5 we have formed close-packed arrays of monolithic "posts" or microresonators 1.5-5 μ m across by ion-beam assisted etching 7 and have performed optical NOR/OR gating experiments on them using picosecond pump and probe pulses. These microresonators represent a qualitative advance over the GaAs devices reported by Lee et al 8 . In that work pixels 9×9 μ m square were formed in the active material only, and then sandwiched between dielectric mirrors in the usual way. 6 Growth of integrated devices by epitaxial techniques such as MBE allows us to etch right through both mirrors and the active material. This is critical since in an optimized nonlinear etalon the dielectric mirrors comprise most of the total thickness. The lateral optical confinement in these waveguiding structures allows efficient operation with diameters as small as one can focus the light. Elimination of carrier diffusion 9,10 out of the devices permits very close spacings. Reduction of energy requirements is expected due to the decreased volume of interaction. Finally, surface recombination 8,11 on the sidewalls of the microresonators should produce fast relaxation times. Our experiments show reduced energy requirements (factor of &gt;8), essentially uniform response over small arrays, practically no crosstalk with 3-μm center-center spacing, ~200 ps full recovery time, and thermal stability at 82 MHz operating frequency.