gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Delivery of Bacterial Toxins Selectively Kills K-Ras Mutated Cancer Cells (2017)

Introduction: Inactivation of TP53 is the most frequent genetic damage in human cancer. In addition, hyperactivation of the RAS pathway is common in many human malignancies (Lung (LC)˜40%, pancreatic (PC)>95% and colorectal cancer (CRC)˜50%). Despite multiple attempts, targeting these pathways for the treatment of cancer, for example through the development of RAS pathway inhibitors has not proven to be effective thus far. Herein, we propose to exploits the hyperactive RAS pathway and TP53 mutation status of human cancer to deliver targeted anti-tumor therapy. Methods: Adenoviral vectors carrying the toxin (PY4-MazF-mcherry) and the antitoxin (RGC-MazE-GFP) were designed under the regulation of Ras and p53 responsive elements, respectively. A virus carrying the toxin but lacking the Ras responsive element serves as a control virus. Those three constructs were cloned into a “first generation” ΔE1/ΔE3 human type5 adenoviral vector. Virus particles were produced, their titer was calculated by the End-Point Dilution Assay and their potency was tested in vitro. Cell death was measured qualitatively by using the fluorescent microscopy and was quantified by the enzymatic MTT assay. HCT116+/+;Rasmut/p53wt and HCT116-/-;Rasmut/p53mut CRC cell lines, as well as, A549;Rasmut/p53wt and H2030;Rasmut/p53wt LC cells were used for testing the potency and safety of the system. Results: Massive cell death was induced in a dose-dependent manner (˜60% with a titer of 7.5 MOI) in CRC cells harboring mutated Ras after co-infection with the toxin and the antitoxin viruses. The antidote was able to protect ˜70% of the cells that were affected by background low level expression of the toxin construct, probably due to promoter leakage [Fig 1]. Similar results were obtained in a colony formation assay and FACS analysis of co-infected LC cells. A549 harboring mutated Ras showed greater sensitivity (˜82% early apoptotic cells) compared to H1650 cells harboring WT Ras (˜27% early apoptotic cells) [Fig 2]. These results indicate that the antitoxin indeed actively protects cells with WT p53.FigureFigureConclusion: Exploiting the activated Ras pathway and mutation in P53 holds promise for effective and safe therapy that could specifically target tumor cells while sparing normal tissues
Frontispiece: Probing Transient Conformational States of Proteins by Solid‐State R1ρ Relaxation‐Dispersion NMR Spectroscopy (2014)

In their Communication on page 4312 ff., P. Schanda et al. describe an NMR method used to probe conformational states of proteins. Information about the exchange kinetics, relative populations, and structures of the short-lived state can be obtained.
Zr Doped GSO:Ce Single Crystals and Their Scintillation Performance (2006)

Cerium doped Gd <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$_2$</tex> SiO <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$_5$</tex> (GSO:Ce) single crystal is used as a scintillator for Positron Emission Tomography (PET). GSO:Ce has a good balance of every scintillation properties, but the only disadvantage is the decreasing light output by coloring caused by a small amount of Ce <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$^4+$</tex> in the crystal especially at higher concentration of Ce. In order to improve the scintillation performance, we have tried to grow co-doped GSO:Ce single crystal using conventional starting materials with additional impurities, and evaluate the scintillation performance. Zr doping is found to be effective in preventing coloring and in improving light output. Around 200 ppm Zr doped GSO:Ce have shown maximum light output which is about 20% larger than that of conventional GSO:Ce. This improvement can be explained by the fact that the amount of Ce <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$^4+$</tex> in the crystal might be changed to Ce <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$^3+$</tex> due to charge compensation caused by dopant Zr <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$^4+$</tex> in a Gd <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$^3+$</tex> site thereby decreasing the light absorption in the crystal.
Decolonizing geographies of travel: Reading James/Jan Morris (2001)

Travel writing can produce critical 'in-between' spaces, which contribute to broader cultural politics of postcolonialism, by transgressing and in a preliminary sense deconstructing imperial binaries. These imperial binaries structure subjectivities, on the one hand, and material geographies, on the other. This paper examines such a project, through a reading of travel writing by James/Jan Morris, which shows how processes of decolonizing subjectivities and material geographies may be recursively related. Morris is known for newspaper coverage of the 1953 Everest expedition, for a trilogy on the British Empire, for the autobiographical account of a sex change, and for many travel books and articles; all of which foreground themes of gender and imperialism. The paper argues that Morris's decolonizations have charted and created in-between spaces of subjectivity and material geography, ambivalent spaces with critical potential. The ambivalence of these spaces can constitute a critical limitation, but also an opportunity; in response, the conclusion redirects some critical attention away from writers and textual spaces to readers and interpretations, and thus points towards a postcolonial (and wider) politics of reading. Keywords: DecolonizationTravel WritingPolitics of ReadingGenderWalesJan Morris
Synthesis of Homo- and Heteroprotected Furcated Units for Modular Chemistry (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTSynthesis of Homo- and Heteroprotected Furcated Units for Modular ChemistryAdi Dahan and Moshe PortnoyView Author Information School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel [email protected]Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 19, 6480–6482Publication Date (Web):August 28, 2001Publication History Received6 February 2001Published online28 August 2001Published inissue 1 September 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo0101508https://doi.org/10.1021/jo0101508brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1096Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Dendrons,Organic compounds,Post-translational modification,Protective groups Get e-Alerts
Effect of Bovine Interferon-τ on Body Temperature and Plasma Progesterone Concentrations in Cyclic Dairy Cows (1995)

We examined the effect of intramuscular injections of recombinant bovine interferon-tau on basal body temperature and plasma concentrations of progesterone in cows. Six mature, nonlactating Holstein cows were synchronized for estrus and assigned randomly to a replicated 3 x 3 Latin square design to receive 0, 1, or 5 mg of recombinant bovine interferon-tau intramuscularly on d 9, 12, or 15 of the estrous cycle. Rectal temperatures were measured, and blood was collected just prior to injection, at hourly intervals for 8 h, and at 10 and 12 h after injection. Treatment with 1 and 5 mg of recombinant bovine interferon-tau caused a rise in body temperature that peaked at 6 h (39.5 +/- .13 degrees C) and 4 h (40.3 +/- .13 degrees C), respectively. Analysis of homogeneity of regression for response curves indicated that 5 mg of recombinant bovine interferon-tau decreased plasma progesterone concentrations. This effect was not detected for the 1-mg dose of recombinant bovine interferon-tau. Intramuscular administration of 5 mg of recombinant bovine interferon-tau caused a hyperthermic response that was temporally associated with the decrease in plasma progesterone. Intramuscular administration of 1 mg of recombinant bovine interferon-tau caused a slight rise in temperature occurring 4 h later than that caused by 5 mg of recombinant bovine interferon-tau, and no decrease in plasma progesterone was detected. Recombinant bovine interferon-tau, administered at a 1-mg dose, warrants further study to determine whether it will alter survival rate of cattle embryos.
EUV actinic brightfield mask microscopy for predicting printed defect images (2015)

Improving our collective understanding of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) photomask defects and the imaging properties of available defect imaging tools is essential for improving EUV mask defectivity, defect repair and mitigation, and for high-level strategic decision-making. In this work, we perform a qualitative comparison of twenty-five defects imaged with mask scanning electron microscopy (SEM), EUV actinic mask imaging, and wafer SEM imaging. All but two of the defect locations were first identified by non-actinic mask blank inspection, prior to patterning. The others were identified as repeating defects on the wafer. We find that actinic defect imaging is predictive of the wafer prints, with small-scale features clearly replicated. While some mask defect SEM images match the wafer prints, others print with a larger outline indicating the presence of sub-surface disruptions hidden from the SEM’s view. Fourteen other defects were subjected to an aerial image phase measurement method called Fourier Ptychography (FP). Although phase shifts were observed in the larger defects, the smaller defects in the dataset showed no significant phase shifting. We attribute this discrepancy to non-actinic mask blank inspection’s limited ability to detect small phase defects under normal operating conditions.
Silence Based Communication for Sensor Networks (2006)

We consider a power-efficient communication model for wireless sensor networks where silence is used to convey information. We study the average-case and worst-case complexities of symmetric functions under this model and describe protocols that achieve them. For binary-input functions, we determine the average complexity. For ternary-input functions, we consider a special type of protocols and provide close lower and upper bounds for their worst-case complexity. We also describe the protocol that achieves the average complexity
Joint power system state estimation and breaker status identification (2012)

The penetration of renewables and demand-response programs will inevitably lead to frequent flow reversals and substation reconfigurations, while high-throughput synchrophasor measurement units are being installed throughout the grid. Hence, jointly verifying circuit breaker statuses and estimating the state of power networks of increasing dimensionality becomes even more challenging. Building on generalized state estimation, revisited in the light of modern measurement capabilities, the aforementioned task is relaxed to a convex optimization problem. Exploiting compressive sampling advances, the prior information on unmonitored and suspected switches takes the form of ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> -norm penalties promoting sparsity in a properly defined block manner. An efficient algorithm is developed to ensure compatibility with solvers found currently at control centers. Numerical tests on the IEEE 14-bus model corroborate the effectiveness of the novel scheme.
Ventricular dysfunction in a family with long QT syndrome type 3 (2013)

Patients in this family with LQTS type 3 showed post-systolic shortening, as well as both left and right ventricular diastolic dysfunction. The underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated but the persistent sodium inward current leading to calcium overload might play a role, in particular regarding diastolic dysfunction.
Anthropoid agents (1998)

In the study of agents on the Internet, we often ascribe to them human qualities, such as beliefs and intentions. These qualities are best understood as metaphors that give developers a way to talk about and design the capabilities and applications of agents. Despite all the progress in computing, users have been slow to accept the technology. They have often accepted what was thrown at them, but only under economic duress. Bringing the technology closer to their emotional needs might ease this resistance. So how can we put a human face on computing? Maybe by putting an animated face on it! Thus, an interface may consist of an agent, which has an explicit presence (for example, as an on-screen animated figure) and appears to have a personality. In computer human interfaces, especially for education and commerce where a large variety of people must deal with computers, an anthropoid agent might be more inviting. Depending on the situation, the agent might appear shy, friendly, stern, or knowledgeable. For example, people might better accept advice offered politely by a shy agent, or heed warnings uttered seriously by a stern agent. And they might be more likely to purchase goods or services offered by a friendly, knowledgeable agent that could appear empathetic to their needs.
Perfect drain for the Maxwell fish eye lens (2011)

Perfect imaging of electromagnetic waves using the Maxwell ﬁsh eye (MFE) requires a new concept: a point called the perfect drain that we shall call the perfect point drain. From the mathematical point of view, a perfect point drain is just like an ideal point source, except that it drains power from the electromagnetic ﬁeld instead of generating it. We introduce here the perfect drain for the MFE as a dissipative region of non-zero size that completely drains the power from the point source. To accomplish this goal, the region must have a precise complex permittivity that depends on its size as well as on the frequency. The perfect point drain is obtained when the diameter of the perfect drain tends to zero. This interpretation of the perfect point drain is connected well with common concepts of electromagnetic theory, opening up both modeling in computer simulations and experimental veriﬁcation of setups containing a perfect point drain.
Narrow linewidth coherent beam combining of optical fiber amplifier arrays (2007)

The first theory for two novel coherent beam combination architectures that are the first
electronic beam combination architectures that completely eliminate the need for a separate
reference beam are presented. Experimental results demonstrating the coherent addition of a
3 by 3 array of fiber amplifiers with a total phase locked power of 100-W are also described.
ChemInform Abstract: Alternative Plasmonic Materials: Beyond Gold and Silver (2013)

Abstract Review: 328 refs.
Hieroglyph (2017)

Despite their widespread adoption, large-scale graph processing systems do not fully decouple computation and communication, often yielding suboptimal performance. Locally-sufficient computation-computation that relies only on the graph state local to a computing host-can mitigate the effects of this coupling. In this paper, we present Compute-Sync-Merge (CSM), a new programming abstraction that achieves efficient locally-sufficient computation. CSM enforces local sufficiency at the programming abstraction level and enables the activation of vertex-centric computation on all vertex replicas, thus supporting vertex-cut partitioning. We demonstrate the simplicity of expressing several fundamental graph algorithms in CSM. Hieroglyph-our implementation of a graph processing system with CSM support-outperforms state of the art by up to 53x, with a median speedup of 3.5x and an average speedup of 6x across a wide range of datasets.
Corrigendum to: High-throughput phenotyping using digital and hyperspectral imaging-derived biomarkers for genotypic nitrogen response (2021)

The
(Sp)-1-Diphenylphosphanyl-2-{(S)-[2-(diphenylphosphanyl)phenyl]hydroxymethyl}ferrocene (2008)

The absolute configuration of the title compound, [Fe(C(5)H(5))(C(36)H(29)OP(2))], is S(p) at the ferrocene group and S at the asymmetric C atom. Both P atoms have a trigonal-pyramidal conformation. There is a short intra-molecular C-H⋯P contact with an H⋯P distance of 2.56 Å. The hydr-oxy group is involved in an intra-molecular O-H⋯π(phen-yl) inter-action. The crystal packing shows five very weak inter-molecular C-H⋯π contacts, with H⋯Cg distances between 3.26 and 3.39 Å (Cg is the centroid of a phenyl or cyclo-penta-dienyl ring).
A phase 1b randomized clinical trial of CT1812 to measure Aβ oligomer displacement in Alzheimer’s disease using an indwelling CSF catheter (2023)

NCT03522129 https:// clini caltr ials.gov/ ct2/ show/ NCT03 522129.Investigational therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD) target a wide range of mechanisms, yet promising disease-modifying therapies remain a huge unmet need.Much evidence indicates that the oligomeric form of amyloid-beta (Aβ) is a toxic species contributing to AD through synaptic damage and neuronal toxicity [1].In support of this, Aβ oligomer reduction in an AD mouse model leads to memory preservation [2, 3], and clinical benefit was observed in trials of lecanemab, which targets Aβ oligomers and protofibrils [4], in AD patients, encouraging the continued development of Aβ oligomertargeting therapies.CT1812 is a novel, small-molecule, brain-penetrant sigma-2 receptor (S2R) modulator that selectively prevents and displaces Aβ oligomers from binding to neuronal synapses, thereby mitigating downstream toxicity.This is thought to occur through allosteric modulation
Myelin insulation as a risk factor for axonal degeneration in autoimmune demyelinating disease (2023)

Axonal degeneration determines the clinical outcome of multiple sclerosis and is thought to result from exposure of denuded axons to immune-mediated damage. Therefore, myelin is widely considered to be a protective structure for axons in multiple sclerosis. Myelinated axons also depend on oligodendrocytes, which provide metabolic and structural support to the axonal compartment. Given that axonal pathology in multiple sclerosis is already visible at early disease stages, before overt demyelination, we reasoned that autoimmune inflammation may disrupt oligodendroglial support mechanisms and hence primarily affect axons insulated by myelin. Here, we studied axonal pathology as a function of myelination in human multiple sclerosis and mouse models of autoimmune encephalomyelitis with genetically altered myelination. We demonstrate that myelin ensheathment itself becomes detrimental for axonal survival and increases the risk of axons degenerating in an autoimmune environment. This challenges the view of myelin as a solely protective structure and suggests that axonal dependence on oligodendroglial support can become fatal when myelin is under inflammatory attack.
Antioxidant activity related to copper binding of native prion protein (2001)

We have developed a method to affinity-purify mouse prion protein (PrP(c)) from mouse brain and cultured cells. PrP(c) from mouse brain bound three copper atoms; PrP(c) from cultured cells bound between one and four copper atoms depending on the availability of copper in the culture medium. Purified PrP(c) exhibited antioxidant activity, as determined by spectrophotometric assay. Incubation of PrP(c) with the neurotoxic peptide, PrP106-126, inactivated the superoxide dismutase-like activity. Culture experiments showed that PrP(c) protects cells against oxidative stress relative to the amount of copper it binds. These results suggest that PrP(c) is a copper-binding protein which can incorporate varying amounts of copper and exhibit protective antioxidant activity.
Novel Synthesis of Ordered MCM‐41 Titanosilicates with Very High Titanium Content via Ultrasound Radiation (2004)

Abstract A novel synthetic strategy has been developed for the fabrication of mesostructured titanosilicate with very high titanium content. By the combination of ultrasound radiation and a separate hydrolysis procedure, highly ordered MCM‐41 titanosilicates can be synthesized within 3 h from gels with Ti/Si ratios up to 1. The physicochemical properties of the materials were characterized by means of XRD, TEM, FT‐IR, UV‐Vis DRS, 29 Si MAS NMR, and liquid nitrogen adsorption‐desorption measurements. The results suggested that during crystallization, sonication re‐dispersed and accelerated the condensation of inorganic species, and resulted in more condensed pore walls compared to those synthesized with the conventional methods. The presence of silica and ultrasound radiation remarkably suppressed the aggregation of titanium species, thus, at the medium titanium level, a relatively homogeneous dispersion of titanium within the MCM‐41 framework was attained.
High quality, low complexity halftoning with good compressibility (2003)

Proposes a novel method of hybrid LUT/screen halftoning which achieves both high quality and compressibility using only point processes. Experimental results show that the halftone images from our hybrid LUT/screen algorithm have quality comparable to those from the direct binary search (DBS) algorithm with excellent performance of lossless halftone compression.
Distributed protocols for user cooperation in multi-user wireless networks (2005)

Cooperative communication has recently emerged as an effective form of signaling in wireless fading channels. This work examines cooperative communication in multi-user networks, where the geometry of information flow becomes an issue, i.e. who should cooperate with whom? In particular, one is interested in algorithms that do not require global network information, which is often unavailable due to latency, limited memory, or other constraints. In this work we propose and study distributed protocols for partner selection in cooperative networks. In this class of protocols, wireless users act individually and independently in establishing cooperative communication, without the aid of a central authority. Such a setup is especially of interest in ad-hoc networks, or networks of wireless sensors. We perform outage analysis for the proposed protocols, showing that full diversity in the number of cooperating users is achieved. The cooperative network with the proposed protocols performs significantly better than the non-cooperative counterpart.