gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modular Multilevel Converter for Wind Energy Storage Applications (2017)

This paper presents a medium-voltage wind energy conversion system with integrated storage that implements power electronics converter based on modular multilevel topology. The proposed converter has a storage system integrated into its modular cell structure. This paper analyzes the proposed topology and presents detail sizing procedure for both converter and storage system in order to meet new grid connection standards and fault ride through (FRT) requirements. In order to verify the system operation, high detail model of the converter leg is used to simulate independent power control on ac and dc sides of the converter needed for the successful implementation of the FRT control.
Social Cardboard: Pretotyping a Social Ethnodroid in the Wild (2016)

Pretotyping is a set of techniques, tools, and metrics for gauging the interest in a product, prior to full-scale development [1]. This late breaking report describes a pretotyping case study of an ethnodroid -- a robot that functions as an ethnographer -- intended to engage with young children and record their learning progress. The central requirement for the project is that the robot will be able to interact socially with children aged 1-6 years in tablet-based tasks. We developed a simple robot made of MDF (thick cardboard), added tablets for the face and torso, and controlled a scripted interaction using Wizard of Oz (WoZ). Children's engagement with the robot was tested in an early learning centre which provided a relatively structured environment (in the lab) and at a science fair which provided a relatively unconstrained setting (in the wild). The rapid testing revealed distinct effects in the children's attitudes and behaviors in the two user contexts and provided insights into form, sensors and analyses for the design process.
Distributed Reallocation Scheme for Virtual Network Resources (2009)

Network visualization is an emerging technology for cost-effective sharing of network resources. The key strategy in network virtualization is of slicing physical resources (links, CPU, memory, and storage) to create virtual networks that are assigned to different operators. One important challenge on network virtualization is the efficient use of the physical resources. To accomplish such efficient use the management of the physical resources should be transparent to the applications running within the virtual networks, and should be executed at runtime in order to deal with the variation on the load requests of different virtual networks. Traditional resource allocation schemes use offline, centralized, and global view strategies to manage the use of physical resources. In contrast to these strategies, we propose a runtime, distributed, local view approach to manage physical resources. In this paper we introduce a virtual network architecture and an associated self-organizing algorithm to reallocate virtual network resources along different physical nodes in order to equalize the bandwidth, and storage consumption on the physical nodes. We developed a virtual network model based on Omnet++ to simulate the designed self- organizing algorithm. An IPTV testbed scenario is presented and initial experiments, about the interruption time of the application inside the IPTV virtual network, are described.
Bimodal ultrasound and fluorescence approach for prostate cancer diagnosis (2009)

Finding a way to combine ultrasound and fluorescence optical imaging on an endorectal probe may improve early detection of prostate cancer. The ultrasound provides morphological information about the prostate, while the optical system detects and locates fluorophore-marked tumors. A tissue-mimicking phantom, which is representative of prostate tissues both on its optical (absorption mu(a) and diffusion mu(s) (')) and its ultrasound properties, has been made by our team. A transrectal probe adapted to fluorescence diffuse optical tomography measurements was also developed. Measurements were taken on the prostate phantom with this probe based on a pulsed laser and a time-resolved detection system. A reconstruction algorithm was then used to help locate and quantify fluorescent inclusions of different concentrations at fixed depths.
Gut-Restricted Selective Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) Inhibitors for Chemoprevention of Colorectal Cancer (2021)

Selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors have been extensively studied for colorectal cancer (CRC) chemoprevention. Celecoxib has been reported to reduce the incidence of colorectal adenomas and CRC but is also associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Here, we report a series of gut-restricted, selective COX-2 inhibitors characterized by high colonic exposure and minimized systemic exposure. By establishing acute ex vivo <sup>18</sup>F-FDG uptake attenuation as an efficacy proxy, we identified a subset of analogues that demonstrated statistically significant in vivo dose-dependent inhibition of adenoma progression and survival extension in an APC<sup>min/+</sup> mouse model. However, in vitro-in vivo correlation analysis showed their chemoprotective effects were driven by residual systemic COX-2 inhibition, rationalizing their less than expected efficacies and highlighting the challenges associated with COX-2-mediated CRC disease chemoprevention.
Inhibition of atmospheric corrosion of mild steel by sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate treatment (2004)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate as an inhibitor to slow down or prevent atmospheric corrosion of the local mild steel during storage in the Arabian Gulf region. In light of the results of some preliminary studies, sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate was selected for further evaluation against atmospheric corrosion of steel after it was applied at 10 mM concentration for 1 day at room temperature.
Addendum: Observation of an anti-PT-symmetric exceptional point and energy-difference conserving dynamics in electrical circuit resonators (2019)

In this Article, we describe that a PT-symmetric Hamiltonian H (PT) and anti-PT-symmetric Hamiltonian H (APT) are related by a similarity transformation with a unitary operator U given in Eq. ( This statement may cause confusion or incorrect arguments due to its mathematical validity limitation. Therefore, here we provide an additional explanation. This relation is strictly valid only if H (PT) and H (APT) are traceless and off-diagonal elements in H (PT) are purely real. In case of non-traceless cases, one can employ an energyshifting gauge transformation that renders H (PT) and H (APT) traceless, in order to make valid use of the relation. In addition, a similarity relation between traceless H (PT) and H (APT) can be extended for H (PT) with complex-valued off-diagonal elements by a generalized unitary-transformation operator
Interaction of Acetonitrile with Alcohols at Cryogenic Temperatures (2017)

Temperature-dependent interaction of acetonitrile with methanol and ethanol, as codeposited and sequentially deposited films, was studied in the 10–130 K window, in ultra high vacuum. Films in the range of 50–100 monolayers were investigated using temperature-dependent reflection–absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS), Cs+ ion scattering mass spectrometry, and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD). Acetonitrile interacts with methanol and ethanol through intermolecular hydrogen bonding. When a codeposited system was annealed, acetonitrile underwent a phase segregation at 110 K, and large changes in the infrared spectrum were observed. The OH stretching of methanol gave two peaks characteristic of the change to the α-phase of methanol, while ethanol gave three peaks at the same temperature. The surface composition of the systems probed by 40 eV Cs+ scattering showed that both the alcohols and the acetonitrile were of equal intensity below 110 K, while above 110 K the intensity of the latter went down substantially. We find that the presence of acetonitrile does not allow ethanol to undergo complete phase transition prior to desorption, while methanol could do so. This behavior is explained on the basis of the size, extent of hydrogen bonding, and phase transition temperature, of the two alcohols. Additional peaks in the hydroxyl region observed in alcohols in the 110–130 K window may be used as a signature of the presence of acetonitrile mixed with alcohol, especially ethanol, and hence this may be used in observational studies of such molecular environments.
Monolayer Vanadium-doped Tungsten Disulfide: A Room-Temperature Dilute Magnetic Semiconductor (2020)

Dilute magnetic semiconductors, achieved through substitutional doping of spin-polarized transition metals into semiconducting systems, enable experimental modulation of spin dynamics in ways that hold great promise for novel magneto-electric or magneto-optical devices, especially for two-dimensional systems such as transition metal dichalcogenides that accentuate interactions and activate valley degrees of freedom. Practical applications of 2D magnetism will likely require room-temperature operation, air stability, and (for magnetic semiconductors) the ability to achieve optimal doping levels without dopant aggregation. Here we describe room-temperature ferromagnetic order obtained in semiconducting vanadium-doped tungsten disulfide monolayers produced by a reliable single-step film sulfidation method across an exceptionally wide range of vanadium concentrations, up to 12 at% with minimal dopant aggregation. These monolayers develop p-type transport as a function of vanadium incorporation and rapidly reach ambipolarity. Ferromagnetism peaks at an intermediate vanadium concentration of a few atomic percent and decreases for higher concentrations, which is consistent with quenching due to orbital hybridization at closer vanadium-vanadium spacings, as supported by transmission electron microscopy, magnetometry and first-principles calculations. Room-temperature two-dimensional dilute magnetic semiconductors provide a new component to expand the functional scope of van der Waals heterostructures and bring semiconducting magnetic 2D heterostructures them into the realm of practical application.
Simple Felt-Plug Closure Technique for Minimally Invasive Removal of a Centrifugal-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device (2020)

As the indications for implanting left ventricular assist devices have expanded, some patients are qualifying for device removal after myocardial recovery. Whereas explantation has been described for previous generations of devices, no standard procedures have been developed. Removal of centrifugal-flow devices has created the need for a plug to seal the apical ventriculotomy after pump removal. However, no commercially available products are available in the United States. We used a novel technique to fashion a plug from Teflon felt and a Dacron graft to enable minimally invasive explantation of a current-generation centrifugal-flow device in a 33-year-old woman.
Characteristic regimes of premixed gas combustion in high-porosity micro-fibrous porous media (2010)

Dynamical behaviour of the premixed flame propagating in the inert high-porosity micro-fibrous porous media has been studied numerically. Effects of mixture filtration velocity, equivalence ratio and burner transverse size on the flame structure have been investigated and the regions of existence of different combustion regimes have been determined. It was found that the influence of the hydrodynamic instability on the flame dynamics is significant in the case of the moderate and high filtration velocities and this effect is negligible at the low velocities. At the moderate filtration velocities the effect of hydrodynamic instability manifests in the flame front deformation and in particular in the flame inclination. It was found that the flame can be stabilized within the whole interval of the filtration gas velocity, whereas in the ordinary porous media the standing wave is settled only at fixed value of gas filtration velocity. This finding is in line with recent experimental results on combustion in micro-fibrous porous media (Yang et al., Combust. Sci. Tech. 181 (2009), 1–16). Possible physical interpretation of the flame anchoring effect may be given on the base of present numerical analysis. At the high filtration velocities the hydrodynamic instability manifests itself in periodical appearance of the moving wrinkles on the flame front surface which forms non stationary high temperature trailing spots behind the leading part of the flame front. Such dynamics may be associated with splitting wave structures which were revealed in previous experiments (Yang et al., Combust. Sci. Tech. 181 (2009), 1–16).
Compuerta de cierre de la dársena de embarcaciones menores del puerto de Santa Cruz de la Palma (2017)

Por encargo de la Autoridad Portuaria de Santa Cruz de Tenerife se han
disenado unas Compuertas que permitan el cierre completo de la darsena
de embarcaciones menores del Puerto de Santa Cruz de La Palma,
de tal manera que se atenue la agitacion debida al oleaje que se produce
en su interior.
Con ese objetivo se ha previsto realizar las siguientes actuaciones:
en primer lugar se reducira el ancho libre existente en dicha bocana,
recreciendo el muelle del lado Oeste mediante la ejecucion de un macizo
de hormigon de 8,00 m de longitud y de ancho identico al del
muelle existente. Adicionalmente se ejecutara en el ancho de la bocana,
y apoyado sobre su fondo, un muro de gravedad de 5,00 m de altura.
A continuacion en el ancho reducido de la bocana se instalaran
2 compuertas de cierre metalicas de 4,00 m de altura y aproximadamente
24,5 m de ancho, las cuales permitiran el cierre de la bocana
por encima del muro de gravedad indicado anteriormente.
El conjunto de las compuertas se ha disenado de manera que se
pueden disponer las compuertas en 4 posiciones distintas: una de
descanso sobre el fondo de la bocana cuando no es necesaria su presencia,
2 de funcionamiento para cubrir los diferentes niveles de mareas
y una ultima de mantenimiento que permite extraer las compuertas
fuera del agua para realizar las tareas de reparacion que fueran
necesarias.
Ambas compuertas se desplazan verticalmente en 2 planos verticales
separados entre si 1,60 m mediante el accionamiento de un conjunto
de 4 polipastos, sincronizados todos ellos entre si. Estos elementos
se colocaran sobre dos torres metalicas que quedan apoyadas en
los extremos de los muelles.
El sistema de izado permite el movimiento de las compuertas mediante
el accionamiento de los cables de los polipastos, pero adicionalmente
se ejecutara un sistema consistente en una biela perforada
donde se ensartaran unos bulones automatizados que permitiran que,
en las fases de funcionamiento de las compuertas, su peso no descanse
sobre el mecanismo de los polipastos.
Para el correcto funcionamiento del desplazamiento de la compuerta
se instalaran en el paramento vertical de los muelles que delimitan
la bocana unas guias metalicas donde se ubican cada uno de los topes
de guiado de las compuertas, con el fin de conseguir que dicha maniobra
sea lo mas suave posible y se evite cualquier posible acodalamiento
de las compuertas.
On the Pathogenesis Trail: What Marker B Cell Clones Tell Us about Inflammatory Bowel Disease (1996)

Clonal patterns of B cell activity have been recognized in inflammatory bowel disease, most notably in the immunogenetic relationship of perinuclear‐antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies to ulcerative colitis. Conceptually, this most likely reflects the B cell response to antigens predominating at these sites of mucosal inflammation. Identification of these B cell clones and their antigenic targets may be of pathogenetic and practical importance to diagnosis and treatment. The authors describe strategies to identify such clones, based on recent advances in the characterization and detection of antibody gene products. As an example of this strategy, a clonal detection system was used to identify new marker antibodies potentially useful in the laboratory diagnosis of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. One surprising outcome of such studies is the unexpected and specific association of the B cell clonal response in Campylobacter jejuni enterocolitis and inflammatory bowel disease. By analogy to the pathogenetic role of Helicobacter pylori ‐induced mucositis in peptic ulcer disease, this evidence renews attention to the role of C jejuni in the initiation of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease.
Ultrafast Time-Resolved X-ray Diffraction of Coherent Phonons in Semiconductors (2006)

In this paper, we performed the femtosecond time-resolved X-ray diffraction on the 60-fs laser irradiated a CdTe single crystal and detected the coherent longitudinal optical (LO) phonon (5.07 THz) at Brilliuon zone center. The coherent LO phonon is also confirmed by using an optical reflectivity measurement
Filter-induced OSNR penalty in WDM fiber networks when optical channel symbol rate grows beyond 80 GBaud (2020)

While channel symbol rates approach carrier spectral spacing in the modern WDM networks, we examine whether the related filtering-induced OSNR penalty still notably degrades beyond 80 GBaud, as it does from 32 to 64 GBaud.
Isolation of the periplasm of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (1993)

The periplasm of Neisseria gonorrhoeae should be similar to other Gram-negative bacteria, but no published reports confirm this assumption. We used a periplasmic isolation procedure developed in Escherichia coli to release the periplasmic contents of N. gonorrhoeae. The resultant periplasmic extract lacked lipopolysaccharide, protein markers of inner or outer membranes, surface-radiolabelled protein components, or ribosomal proteins. The periplasmic extract contained a single haem protein believed to be a c-type cytochrome known to exist in the periplasm of other Gram-negative species, and retained significant alkaline phosphatase activity. The dominant protein species released in the periplasmic extract was the gonococcal homologue of elongation factor Tu, a major component released in similar periplasmic extracts of E. coli. These data showed that the extraction procedure selectively released periplasmic components and that the gonococcal periplasm was comparable to that of E. coli. Further analysis of the gonococcal periplasm may provide important insights into the physiology of this pathogen of humans.
The Role of Particles and Colloids in the Transport of Radionuclides and Trace Metals in the Oceans (2019)

Until the early 1970s most of the work on trace element/particle interactions focused on the interactions of ions with charged surfaces. Concurrent with the development of scavenging models emphasizing chemistry was the application of uranium- and thorium-series radionuclide disequilibrium to problems of oceanic mixing and the estimation of particle and trace element residence times. Frank Balistrieri and Andy Murray were among the first to extend the techniques and chemical formalisms of surface chemists to the study of interactions at the seawater interface of natural particles through controlled laboratory experiments. As particles are transferred throughout the particle-size spectrum, trace elements and radionuclides associated with those particles, either as sorbed species or intrinsic components of the particle matrix, are also moved between particle pools. Regardless, knowing mass concentration of the colloid and particle pools provides only a rough estimate of their relative influence on trace element behavior.
Naringin Suppresses Osteoclast Formation and Enhances Bone Mass in Mice (2009)

Naringin is a flavonoid commonly found in citrus fruits. Previous studies have supported a positive association between fruit consumption and health including bone quality. To clarify the role of naringin in bone turnover, we examined the effect of naringin on bone mass in mice, and on osteoclast formation induced by bone-resorbing cytokine. When mice were orally administered naringin for 2 weeks, femoral bone mineral density (BMD) was clearly elevated compared with control mice. BMD in distal and middle portion was significantly enhanced, but proximal BMD was not changed by naringin administration. In soft-X-ray analysis, a marked accumulation of cancellous bone could be detected in distal femoral metasphysis in mice treated with naringin. In cocultures of bone marrow cells and osteoblasts, naringin dose-dependently suppressed the number of osteoclasts formed by treatment with interleukin-1 (IL-1). The size of osteoclasts formed in the presence of naringin was smaller than that induced by IL-1. Naringin enhances bone mass possibly by suppression of osteoclast formation in mice, suggesting the role of the citrus flavonoid on bone health and to prevent bone diseases such as osteoporosis.
New concept for laser fusion energy driver by using cryogenically-cooled Yb:YAG ceramic (2008)

We propose cryogenic Yb:YAG ceramic as a novel reactor laser-driver material instead of conventional Nd:glass. Our research on cryogenic Yb:YAG revealed that both of stimulated emission cross section and thermal conductivity can be tuned well by controlling the material temperature. Using the obtained laser parameters in our experiments, a 1.3-MJ, 16-Hz diode-pumped laser system has been conceptually designed. The overall electrical-optical conversion efficiency is numerically calculated to be as high as 17%. The compact main amplifier with about 3000, m3 volume size would be realized by using the active mirror architecture. In addition, a 1-kJ laser system 'GENBU' has been designed as a milestone for the new driver.
Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) ofEscherichia coliO78 strains (2003)

Strains of Escherichia coli serotype O78 are associated with many diseases, including invasive infections, in humans and farm animals. The clonal relationship between strains from different hosts is therefore important for assessing the risk of zoonotic infections. Here we propose a multilocus sequence typing scheme for E. coli, based on six housekeeping genes. Preliminary, but significant, results indicate that clonal division in E. coli O78 strains is host independent, and closely related clones reside in different hosts. There was a positive correlation between virulence and clonal origin.
Impact of clutter levels on spatial covariance: Implications for imaging (2010)

The Van Cittert-Zernike (VCZ) theorem describes the spatial covariance of an incoherent source, such as the ultra sonic signal that is backscattered by tissue. A simulation tool that describes acoustic propagation, including multiple scattering and nonlinear propagation is used to characterize the effect of tissue structure on the spatial covariance. Simulated spatial covariance curves are compared to in vivo data. It is shown that the non random structure of tissue fundamentally modifies the spatial covariance function. The reverberating echoes generated by the tissue layer add a decorrelated component to the backscattered signal. It is shown that this decorrelation of the short lag spatial covariance (SLSC) can provide a source of contrast to generate ultrasound images at the fundamental and harmonic frequencies. Images of anechoic lesions show that SLSC imaging has better contrast and boundary definition the B-mode images generated from the same echoes.