gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mooring Vibration as a Source of Current Meter Error and Its Correction (1997)

Data from instrumented moorings are used to show that rate underreading of Aanderaa paddle-wheel rotor current meters is a result of mooring vibration induced by vortex shedding from spherical in-line buoyancy. Direct evidence of this mooring motion is provided by accelerometer records that reveal high-frequency (0.2–0.4 Hz) displacements normal to the absolute flow direction that are as much as 0.5 m in amplitude. Current meter measurements are up to 40% lower than concurrent rates measured by a ship-mounted acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP). The result supports the hypothesis of Loder and Hamilton that rate underreading occurs when cross-flow motion of the current meters causes a rotor shielding effect arising from meter misalignment with the fluctuating relative water velocity. Measurements from an instrumented mooring in which spherical in-line buoyancy is replaced with streamlined flotation are also presented. Here the variance of the measured cross-flow acceleration is typically reduced by two orders of magnitude, and current meter and ADCP records are in excellent agreement. Besides greatly improving mooring stability and current meter data quality, use of the streamlined packages also reduces the overall drag on the mooring thereby significantly reducing instrument excursions and inclinations.
Fluorescence Microscopy Data for Cellular Detection using Object Detection Networks. (2019)

This data accompanies work from the paper entitled: <strong>Object Detection Networks and Augmented Reality for Cellular Detection in Fluorescence Microscopy Acquisition and Analysis.</strong> Further details of these datasets can be found in the methods section of the above paper. <strong>Erythroblast DAPI (+GlyphorinA):</strong> Erythroblast cells were stained with DAPI and for glycophorin A protein. Cells were stained with CD235a antibody (JC159 clone from Dako) and with Alexa Fluor 488 secondary antibody from Invitrogen. DAPI staining was performed through using VectorShield Hard Set mounting solution with DAPI (Vector Lab). Num of images used for training: 80 and testing: 80. Average number of cells per image: 4.5. <strong>Neuroblastoma phalloidin (+DAPI): </strong>Images of Neuroblastoma cells (N1E115) stained with phalloidin and DAPI were acquired from the Cell Image Library [25]. The images were stained for FITC-phalloidin and DAPI. Images were acquired on a Zeiss Aviovert 200 microscope with filters for DAPI and FITC. Num of images used for training: 180, testing: 180. Average number of cells per image: 11.7. <strong>Fibroblast Nucleopore</strong>: Fibroblast (GM5756T) cells were stained for Nucleopore protein. Staining was performed using Anti-Nup153 mouse antibody (Abcam) and counterstained using Alex Fluor 488 (anti-mouse). Num of images for training: 26 and testing: 20. Average number of cells per image: 4.8. <strong>Eukaryote DAPI:</strong> Eukaryote cells were stained with DAPI and fixed and mounted in Vectashield. Num of images for training: 40 and testing: 40. Average number of cells per image: 8.9. <strong>C127 DAPI:</strong> C127 cells were stained with DAPI and fixed and mounted in Vectashield. Num of images for training: 30 and testing: 30. Average number of cells per image: 7.1. <strong>Hela peroxisome</strong>: Hela cells expressing peroxisome localised SCP2-GFP protein. Cells were transfected with GFP-SCP2 protein, which contains the PTS-1 localisation signal, which redirects the fluorescently tagged protein to the actively importing peroxisomes. Cells were fixed and mounted. Num of images for training: 55 and testing: 55. Average number of cells per image: 7.9. <strong>Dataset Annotation</strong> Datasets were annotated by a skilled user. Bounding boxes were drawn to encapsulate the various staining of the cells. The dataset labels were then converted into a format compatible both with Faster-RCNN (Pascal) and with YOLOv2. T
Injuries to Radial Nerve at Wrist (1965)

THIS STUDY of injuries to the sensory branch of the radial nerve at the wrist was undertaken as a result of experience with a patient who had an inordinate amount of pain and prolonged disability from what would seem to have been a minor injury to the wrist. That injury to the sensory branches of the superficial radial nerve may result in painful neuromas during release of stenosing tenosynovitis of the first dorsal compartment of the wrist is well known.<sup>1-9</sup>Keon-Cohen<sup>6</sup>quoted de Quervain as saying, "Care must be taken not to damage the sensitive branches of the radial nerve which run across this area towards the dorsum." It also has been pointed out that a longitudinal incision over the radial aspect of the wrist not only fails to protect the radial nerve but also produces a scar that is at right angles to the flexion creases of
Pressure–Diameter Relationship in Human Coronary Arteries (2012)

The diameter of coronary arteries markedly varies with their distending pressure. After re-establishment of a normal distending pressure by stenting of severe coronary stenoses, a proportional increase in vessel diameter is observed. This should be taken into account when choosing the stent diameter and is an argument to discourage direct stenting.
Discrete Magnesium Hydride Aggregates : A Cationic Mg 13 H 18 Cluster Stabilized by NNNN-Type Macrocycles (2015)

International audience
Mechanisms of conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase in ischemic rat liver and kidney (1988)

Previous studies have proposed and supported a role for the proteolytic, irreversible conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase (XO) in postischemic injury in a wide variety of organs. A second mechanism of conversion, due to sulfhydryl modification and reversible with dithiothreitol (DTT), is potentially important but has not been well investigated. In this study rat liver and kidney were found to produce significant amounts of DTT-reversible XO during normothermic global ischemia. Formation of reversible XO precedes that of irreversible XO by approximately 0.5 h with a strong correlation (r = 0.92) existing between the rate of irreversible XO formation and the concentration of reversible XO. The formation of reversible XO is preceded by a depletion of glutathione with concentrations of glutathione during ischemia correlating (r = 0.85) with the observed concentration of reversible XO. While a large increase in the extent of liver damage occurs concurrently with conversion in an in vivo liver model of liver ischemia, an ischemia-reperfusion regimen (1 h of ischemia plus 0.5 h of reperfusion) that resulted in no conversion caused significant elevations in serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase and serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase. Rats depleted of XO by tungsten dieting release 65% less enzyme after the same insult, suggesting that endogenous XO may also participate in the damage process independent of any conversion.
Measurement of branching fractions of charmless four-body Λ b 0 and Ξ b 0 decays (2018)

A search for charmless four-body decays of 0 b and 0 b baryons with a proton and three charged mesons (either kaons or pions) in the final state is performed. The data sample used was recorded in 2011 and 2012 with the LHCb experiment and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb -1 . Six decay modes are observed, among which
Unmanned aerial platform-based multi-spectral imaging for field phenotyping of maize (2015)

This work suggests that the aerial sensing platform designed for phenotyping studies has the potential to effectively assist in crop genetic improvement against abiotic stresses like low-N provided that sensors have enough resolution for plot level data collection. Limitations and future potential uses are also discussed.
Disabling of the erbB Pathway Followed by IFN-γ Modifies Phenotype and Enhances Genotoxic Eradication of Breast Tumors (2015)

(Cell Reports 12, 2049–2059; September 29, 2015) In the originally published version of this article, the labels “empty” and “E3” in Figures S4B and S4C were mistakenly switched. The figures are now correctly labeled in the revised Supplemental Information online. The authors apologize for any confusion this error may have caused. Disabling of the erbB Pathway Followed by IFN-γ Modifies Phenotype and Enhances Genotoxic Eradication of Breast TumorsNagai et al.Cell ReportsSeptember 10, 2015In BriefTargeting erbB2-driven tumors with mAb-based targeted therapy benefits patient outcome in breast cancer; however, virtually all responders eventually relapse. Nagai et al. find that IFN-γ administration with an anti-erbB2 mAb inhibits certain intrinsic tumor-signaling pathways, limits transformed phenotypic properties, and induces host tumor immunity. Full-Text PDF Open Access
Abstract 2951: Vitamin C is selectively toxic to cancer cells harboring KRAS or BRAF mutations by targeting GAPDH (2014)

Abstract Although more than half of colorectal cancer patients have either KRAS or BRAF mutations, targeted therapies for these subgroups of cancer patients are still lacking. Here, we report that KRAS or BRAF mutant cells exhibit a significant increase in the uptake of oxidized vitamin C, dehydroascorbate (DHA), via the GLUT1 glucose transporter. Increased uptake of DHA in the mutant cell lines causes oxidative stress as intracellular DHA is immediately reduced back to vitamin C by reduced glutathione. Elevated reactive oxygen species inactivate GAPDH and thus divert glycolytic flux into the pentose phosphate pathway. Because KRAS or BRAF mutant cells are highly dependent on glycolysis, this altered glucose metabolism induced by vitamin C ultimately leads to an energy deficit in KRAS or BRAF mutant cells and thereby cell death. There are currently a growing number of clinical trials in phases I/II examining the effect of high dose vitamin C as a treatment for cancers, including colorectal cancers. Our results provide a rationale for the pharmacological use of vitamin C as a therapeutic agent to treat colorectal cancer patients with oncogenic KRAS or BRAF mutations. Citation Format: Jihye Yun, Adam Kavalier, Edouard Mullarky, Kaitlyn Bosch, Jatin Roper, Carlo Rago, Jihye Paik, John Asara, Steven Gross, Bert Vogelstein, Nickolas Papadopoulos, Lewis Cantley. Vitamin C is selectively toxic to cancer cells harboring KRAS or BRAF mutations by targeting GAPDH. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2951. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2951
The Role of Flavanols and Their Related Oligomers in Cardiovascular Health (2003)

Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death in most developed countries. Numerous epidemiological studies have provided evidence for the concept that the chronic consumption of flavonoid-rich diets can be associated with a decreased risk for coronary heart disease and stroke. In addition to select fruits, vegetables, nuts and beverages such as red wine and green tea, certain chocolates have been shown to be rich in flavonoids, particularly the flavanol (-)-epicatechin and its related oligomers. Several investigators have reported that these compounds can have a number of important physical and biological properties. For example, it has been shown in vitro that flavanols and their related oligomers can act as potent antioxidants, reduce platelet activation, promote endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation, and modulate eicosanoid production. Significantly, biological effects observed with the flavanols are often quite different than those observed with the oligomers; thus there is considerable structure specificity. While the potent in vitro effects of the flavanols and their related oligomers havegenerated considerable interest in these compounds, more data concerning their in vivo effects would be beneficial. Pilot clinical studies with tea, red wine, and chocolate will be reviewed during this presentation. The data support the concept that foods rich in flavonoids, and particularly in flavanols and their related oligomers, can contribute to a heart healthy diet.
Asynchronous observer for a copier paper path (2002)

A copier contains optical sensors along its paperpath to detect sheet positions and velocities. A measurement occurs when a sheet crosses a sensor. The measurement time may not coincide with the controller sample time. This paper presents an approach to more accurately process the asynchronous measurements without increasing the sampling frequency. An oversampled Kalman filter is used in between two controller sampling instants. The observer sampling rate remains equal to the controller sampling rate without loss in performance, since the Kalman filter equations can be evaluated in batch at the controller sampling instants. A look-up table reduces the computational load.
Instrumental effects on a proposed Mg II index of solar activity. (1988)

The Mg II resonance lines near 2800 A are proposed as a monitor for solar activity in the ultraviolet, particularly for the region around 2075A. Balloon measurements in 0.1A resolution are used to investigate the dependence of the proposed index on the characteristics of the measuring instrument. It is shown that for measurements using instruments with low spectral resolution, the value of the index is very sensitive to individual instrument characteristics; and that, therefore, scale standardization is difficult to maintain.
Myeloma‐reactive allospecific cytotoxic T lymphocytes lyse target cells via the granule exocytosis pathway (2001)

Accumulating evidence indicates that a graft-vs.-myeloma effect (GVM) and its associated clinical remission of the disease can be induced by donor lymphocyte infusion in myeloma patients who have relapsed after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Although it is believed that GVM is induced by allospecific T cells, T-cell subsets and the mechanisms involved in the killing of myeloma cells by donor T cells have not been studied. In this study, we generated allospecific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) lines against three different myeloma cell lines, ARK, ARP-1 and U266, from unmatched healthy donors and examined their cytotoxicity against the target cells. Our results demonstrate that the allospecific CTLs efficiently lysed myeloma cells. The observed cytotoxicity was mediated mainly by CD8+ T cells and inhibited by MHC class I-blocking antibody. Furthermore, the CTLs lysed the target cells via the perforin-mediated pathway, as concanamycin A, but not brefeldin A (the selective inhibitors for perforin- or Fas-mediated pathways respectively) or tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-blocking antibody, abrogated the cytolytic activity of the cells. These CTLs expressed and produced predominantly TNF-alpha and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), indicating that they belong to the type 1 T-cell subsets. Taken together, these results indicate that CD8+ allospecific T cells may be responsible for mediating GVM and that the granule-mediated lysis of target cells is the major pathway in the CD8+ T-cell response against myeloma cells.
Room temperature Coulomb blockade and Coulomb staircase from self-assembled nanostructures (1996)

The self-assembly of well-characterized, nanometer-size Au clusters into ordered monolayer arrays spanning several microns has been achieved. Techniques to insert molecular wires to link adjacent clusters in the self-assembled array have also been developed. ‘‘Unit cell’’ nanostructures formed from individual Au clusters supported on a self-assembled monolayer film of the double-ended thiol molecule p-xylene-α,α′- dithiol show evidence for reproducible single electron effects at room temperature when studied by scanning tunneling microscopy. From these measurements, estimates for the electrical resistance of a single molecule can be obtained. The experimental values for this resistance are in reasonable agreement with theoretical calculations using the Landauer approach.
Clemmensen reduction. Part 6. The synthesis of cyclopropane-1,2-diyl diacetates (1979)

The synthesis of a number of cyclopropane-1,2-diyl diacetates is reported. Non-enolisable 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds are converted to cyclopropane-1,2-diyl diacetates by reduction with amalgamated zinc powder and dry hydrogen chloride in diethyl ether containing acetic anhydride or acetyl chloride. Enolisable 1,3-diketones give cyclic diol diacetates only when the diketo-component of the tautomeric mixture is high, otherwise enol acetates and other compounds are produced. 1H and 13C N.m.r. Spectra are reported and discussed.
Basic Investigation of a Cerebral Blood Flow Quantification Method without Blood Sampling Method (Improved Brain Uptake Ratio (IBUR)) Using a Fan-beam Collimator (2018)

We performed a basic evaluation for measuring the input function using a fan-beam collimator. Furthermore, we examined the validity of the brain blood flow quantitative measurement from the input function. Using the fanbeam collimator, we imaged syringes of various diameters containing <sup>99 m</sup>Tc as well as a virtual aorta inside a thoracic phantom. We changed the collimator distance and angle in relation to the sources, and the syringe was placed in vertical and horizontal positions as well. For evaluation, we used region of interest (ROI) of various sizes and positions. Furthermore, we conducted clinical evaluation for 19 subjects and calculated whole-brain mean cerebral blood flow using improved brain uptake ratio method by examination of <sup>99 m</sup>Tc-ECD cerebral blood flow. For ROIs smaller in size than diameter of the syringes and virtual ascending aorta, amount of change in the ROI counts by fan-beam collimator became smaller as distance to the source became closer, with less than 5% at 175 mm. Also, change with respect to angle of the collimator was less than 5% at 20°. In a clinical study, aortas could be imaged without truncation and input-functions could be measured in all 19 patients. By using ROIs smaller than the aorta diameter and placing the collimator close to the source, it was suggested that fan-beam collimator can be used to determine the input function.
A SECURITY FRAMEWORK IN CLOUD COMPUTING INFRASTRUCTURE (2013)

In a typical cloud computing diverse facilitating components like hardware, software, firmware, networking, and services integrate to offer different computational facilities, while Internet or a private network (or VPN) provides the required backbone to deliver the services. The security risks to the cloud system delimit the benefits of cloud computing like “on-demand, customized resource availability and performance management”. It is understood that current IT and enterprise security solutions are not adequate to address the cloud security issues. This paper explores the challenges and issues of security concerns of cloud computing through different standard and novel solutions. We propose analysis and architecture for incorporating different security schemes, techniques and protocols for cloud computing, particularly in Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) and Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) systems. The proposed architecture is generic in nature, not dependent on the type of cloud deployment, application agnostic and is not coupled with the underlying backbone. This would facilitate to manage the cloud system more effectively and provide the administrator to include the specific solution to counter the threat. We have also shown using experimental data how a cloud service provider can estimate the charging based on the security service it provides and security-related cost-benefit analysis can be estimated.<br>
CXCL12γ induces human prostate and mammary gland development (2020)

CXCL12γ supports the reprogramming of epithelial cells into nonluminal cell-derived stem cells, which facilitates gland development.
Enhanced Replication of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 in BHK-21 Cells Transformed by Hamster Sarcoma Virus (1980)

Untransformed and hamster sarcoma virus-transformed BHK-21 cells were compared for their ability to support productive infection with herpes simplex virus type 1. In both types of cells, infection with herpes simplex virus resulted in a lytic, productive cycle. However, inhibition of host cell RNA and DNA synthesis, transcription and replication of viral DNA, and production of infectious virus began earlier and reached higher levels in transformed cells.
THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF POLY LACTIC ACID SCAFFOLD AUGMENTED WITH HUMAN BONE MARROW STROMAL CELLS AS A BONE GRAFT EXTENDER IN IMPACTION BONE GRAFTING. (2009)

Impaction bone grafting with morsellised allograft is a recognized technique to reconstitute loss of bone stock often encountered during revision hip surgery. Concerns over disease transmission, high costs and limited supply has led to interest in synthetic grafts. Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) grafts are attractive to the tissue engineering community as a consequence of their biocompatibility, ease of processing into three-dimensional structures, their established safety as suture materials and the versatility that they offer for producing chemically defined substrates for bone graft matrices. This study set out to examine the potential of PLA scaffolds augmented with human bone marrow stromal cells in impaction bone grafting (IBG).

Methods: In vitro and in vivo studies were performed on impacted morsellised PLA seeded with human bone marrow stromal cells (HBMSC) and compared to PLA alone. In vitro samples were incubated under osteogenic conditions and in vivo samples were implanted subcutaneously into severely compromised immunodeficient mice, both for 4 weeks. In vitro samples were analysed for cell viability, DNA content, specific alkaline phosphatase activity, immunohistochemistry and mechanical shear testing using a cam shear tester. In vivo samples were analysed for cell viability, immunohistochemistry and evidence of neovascularisation and new bone formation using contrast enhance micro computer tomography.

Results: HBMSC survival post impaction, as evidenced by cell tracker green staining, was seen throughout the samples in vitro and in vivo. In vitro there was a significant increase in DNA content (P<0.001) and specific alkaline phosphatase activity (P<0.001) in PLA / HBMSC samples compared to impacted PLA alone. Mechanical shear testing of in vitro PLA / HBMSC samples demonstrated a significant increase in shear strength and interparticulate cohesion compared to PLA alone. Immunohistochemistry for type I collagen, osteocalcin, confirmed cell differentiation along the osteogenic lineage in vitro and in vivo. In vivo studies showed a significant increase in blood vessel number and volume penetrating the PLA / HBMSC constructs (32.6 vessels, 1.19mm3, p=0.02, p=0.004) compared to PLA alone (7.6vessels, 0.12mm3). There was a significant relative increase in new bone formation in the PLA / hBMSC constructs (0.47mm3) compared to PLA alone (0mm3), further confirmed with positive staining for osteoid using Goldners Trichrome.

Conclusion: HBMSC seeded onto PLA can withstand the forces of femoral impaction and continue to differentiate and proliferate along the osteogenic lineage. Furthermore PLA / hBMSC constructs in vitro offer a mechanical advantage over PLA alone and in vivo induce neovascularisation and new bone formation. From both a biological and mechanical perspective these studies have demonstrated that PLA is a suitable and beneficial bone graft extender for use in IBG.