gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bisphenol A modulates proliferation, apoptosis, and wound healing process of normal prostate cells: Involvement of G2/M-phase cell cycle arrest, MAPK signaling, and transcription factor-mediated MMP regulation (2022)

Bisphenol A (BPA) is commonly used to produce epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics. BPA is an endocrine-disrupting chemical that is leaked from the polymer and absorbed into the body to disrupt the endocrine system. Although BPA may cause cytotoxicity in the prostate, a hormone-dependent reproductive organ, its underlying mechanism has not yet been elucidated. Here, we investigated the effects of BPA on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the wound healing process using prostate epithelial cells (RWPE-1) and stromal cells (WPMY-1). Observations revealed that BPA induced G2/M cell cycle arrest in both cell types through the ATM-CHK1/CHK2-CDC25c-CDC2 signaling pathway, and the IC<sub>50</sub> values were estimated to be 150 μM. Furthermore, BPA was found to induce caspase-dependent apoptosis through initiator (caspase-8 and -9) and executioner (caspase-3 and -7) caspase cascades. In addition, BPA interfered with the wound healing process through inhibition of MMP-2 and - 9 expression, accompanied by reductions in the binding activities of AP-1 as well as NF-κB motifs. Phosphorylation of MAPKs was associated with the BPA-mediated toxicity of prostate cells. These results suggest that BPA exhibits prostate toxicity by inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and interfering with the wound healing process. Our study provided new insights into the precise molecular mechanisms of BPA-induced toxicity in human prostate cells.
Direct Effects of Sex Steroids on Prolactin Release at the Anterior Pituitary Level: Interactions with Dopamine, Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone, and Isobutylmethylxanthine (1982)

When present alone for 4 or 8 days, 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) or the pure progestin R5020 (17,21-dimethyl-19-nor-4,9-pregnadiene-3,20-dione) inhibits spontaneous PRL release by 33--50% in rat anterior pituitary cells in primary culture. This inhibitory effect of DHT and R5020 can only be partially reversed by 17 beta-estradiol (E alpha). DHT and R5020 inhibit spontaneous PRL release in E2-primed cells at ED50 values of 0.5 and 3 nM, respectively. While E2 diminishes by 30--60% the maximal inhibitory effect of dopamine on PRL release and increases by 10-fold the ED50 value of dopamine action, DHT and R5020 can prevent by 30--60% the action of E2 and thus increase the potency of dopamine to inhibit PRL release. The inhibitory action of DHT and R5020 as well as the stimulatory action of E2 on spontaneous PRL release are similarly expressed on TRH- and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine-induced PRL release, thus suggesting that at least part of the highly effective modulatory effects of sex steroids are exerted at a step after cAMP formation.
Figure S2 from <i>SLC43A3</i> Is a Biomarker of Sensitivity to the Telomeric DNA Damage Mediator 6-Thio-2′-Deoxyguanosine (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Data 2&lt;/p&gt;
Address-Protected Neighbor Discovery for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (2020)

This document updates the 6LoWPAN Neighbor Discovery (ND) protocol
defined in RFC 6775 and RFC 8505. The new extension is called Address
Protected Neighbor Discovery (AP-ND) and it protects the owner of an
address against address theft and impersonation attacks in a low-power
and lossy network (LLN). Nodes supporting this extension compute a
cryptographic identifier (Crypto-ID) and use it with one or more of
their Registered Addresses. The Crypto-ID identifies the owner of the
Registered Address and can be used to provide proof of ownership of
the Registered Addresses. Once an address is registered with the
Crypto-ID and a proof-of-ownership is provided, only the owner of that
address can modify the registration information, thereby enforcing
Source Address Validation.
ChemInform Abstract: Vibrational and Electronic Spectra of (Pt2(SO4)4)2‐ Complexes (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An improved parallel singular value algorithm and its implementation for multicore hardware (2013)

The enormous gap between the high-performance capabilities of today's CPUs and off-chip communication poses extreme challenges to the development of numerical software that is scalable and achieves high performance.
INCREASED EXPRESSION OF INTESTINAL P-SELECTIN AND PULMONARY E-SELECTIN DURING INTRAVENOUS PARENTERAL NUTRITION (1999)

Society Of Critical Care Medicine 29Th Educational And Scientific Symposium; Orlando, Florida, Usa; February 11-15, 2000: Oral Presentations
Implementing the Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm Adding Obesity as a Predictive Factor (2016)

The ROMA index may function as a simple test able to screen obese women at risk of developing ovarian cancer.
Abstract WP341: Experimental Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis Models Pathogenic Features of Moyamoya Syndrome (2019)

Introduction: Moyamoya is an arteriopathy defined by the progressive stenosis of the intracranial internal carotid arteries accompanied by the formation of abnormal vascular networks. To address the paucity of research on the adult-onset Moyamoya Syndrome, which completely lacks any animal model for evaluation, our lab created a novel surgical technique, termed internal carotid artery stenosis (ICAS), that attempts to model the cerebrovascular changes seen in the human Moyamoya Syndrome. We hypothesized that the ICAS model would mimic the key proposed pathogenic features of Moyamoya Syndrome; namely, intimal hyperplasia of the major vessels of the cerebrovasculature leading to vessel stenosis and the formation of small, compensatory collateral arteries. Methods: ICAS (n=9) and sham (n=6) surgeries were performed in a randomized fashion on male C57Bl/6 mice (age=16 weeks). Brain tissue sections and RNA were collected 28-days post-surgery. Intimal hyperplasia was assessed with a modified Verhoeff-van Gieson stain. Expression of genes associated with human Moyamoya Syndrome (VEGF, SDF-1α, MMP-9, bFGF, VCAM-1, and MCP-1) was quantified by qPCR. MatLab and PRISM software were used for data analysis. Results: ICAS induces intimal hyperplasia of the cerebrovasculature ( p =0.033). ICAS increases genetic expression of VEGF in the whole brain (fold change=0.60, p =0.050) and SDF-1α in the striatum (fold change=0.59, p =0.016), and decreases genetic expression of MMP-9 in the ipsilateral cortex (fold change=0.39, p =0.044). Furthermore, a trend indicates that ICAS may increase genetic expression of VCAM-1 in the ipsilateral striatum (fold change=0.33, p =0.109). Conclusions: The present finding that ICAS induces intimal hyperplasia and alters genetic expression supports ICAS as a relevant model of the proposed pathology of Moyamoya Syndrome. The upregulation of VEGF, SDF-1α, and VCAM-1 is indicative of angiogenesis, hypoxia-induced vasculogenesis, and ischemia-induced inflammation, while the downregulation of MMP-9 may indicate decreased extracellular remodeling in the cortex. While investigation of the long-term effects of coil-placement is needed, ICAS may provide a crucial model for development of therapies for Moyamoya Syndrome.
A narrative review on Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) intralesional infiltrations for diabetic complex wounds: The rational of an innovative delivery route (2022)

Diabetes mellitus remains as a pandemic disease, associated to progressive and irreversible complications including lower extremity ulcerations, derived from a predisposition to ischemia, neuropathy and an intrinsic wound healing failure. The molecular operators supporting wound chronicity remain elusive, but a local deficit of growth factors is invoked as a common cause for proliferative arrest, apoptosis, and cells senescence. The prodegradative environment of these lesions contributes to reduce growth factors availability and receptors' physiology. The introduction of growth factors in the clinical arena was precocious since critical pieces of chronicity pathophysiology had not been identified. The topical administration of these agents failed by the effect of local proteolysis, narrow bioavailability window, inadequate diffusion, and a harsh polymicrobial biofilm. To circumvent these pharmacodynamic limitations, we envisioned an intra-ulcer infiltrative delivery route for epidermal growth factor (EGF), based on the rationale derived from experimental evidences. The clinical development program with this procedure has comprised from a proofof-concept to post-marketing studies in poor-prognosis, ischemic, neuropathic, and neuroischemic wounds, involving more than 300 000 patients along 20 years. Pharmacovigilance studies demonstrated that infiltrated EGF is therapeutically effective and safe to circumvent the limitations of the classic topical administration. This pharmacological intervention has remained as an adjuvant therapy to conventional treatments and wound care protocols. Generation of EGF nanovesicles is envisioned as a promising future direction to trigger the re-epithelialization of stagnant, non-resurfaced diabetic wounds upon topical administration.
Time reversal and subwalength focal spot (2008)

When a wave is time-reversed inside a homogeneous medium, the focal spot width at best equals half a wavelength. This limit comes from the loss of evanescent wave during propagation. An analysis of the time reversed field in terms of the Green's function formalism shows that in order to get a finer spot, not only the field has to be time reversed but also the initial source. In such a case, an acoustic sink is obtained. Experimental results are presented. Then we show two methods to obtain subwavelength focal spot without time-reversed source. The first method consists of setting the time reversal mirror in the near field of the initial source. Despite the evanescent wave transmission, we will see that subwavelength focusing is only observed for a special time-reversal mirror. The second method consists of surrounding the initial source by many scatterers. In such a case, the evanescent waves emitted by the initial source are converted into propagating ones. During the time reversal step, back-conversion occurs that leads to a sub wavelength focal spot. Thanks to this principle, a focal spot of a thirtieth of a wavelength has been reported in the case an electromagnetic experiment.
Long-term storage of mouse spermatozoa after evaporative drying (2007)

To determine if mouse spermatozoa could be preserved long-term without using liquid nitrogen, mouse spermatozoa in trehalose-EGTA solution were partially evaporatively dried under nitrogen gas (5 min at flow rate10 l/min) and stored for 1 week and 5 months at 4, -20, and -80 degrees C before intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Fertilization rates were neither different with spermatozoa stored at 4, -20, or -80 degrees C for 1 week or 1, 3, and 5 months respectively, nor blastocyst formation rates with spermatozoa stored for 1 week and 1 month. However, spermatozoa stored at 4 and -20 degrees C for 3 months resulted in fewer blastocysts (35.1 and 54.3% respectively) when compared with spermatozoa stored at -80 degrees C (74.4%). Blastocyst formation rates using spermatozoa stored for 5 months at -20 degrees C (57.4%) or -80 degrees C (74.5%) were not significantly different from those stored for 3 months at the same temperatures respectively, but were significantly better than those stored for 5 months at 4 degrees C (10.2%). Blastocysts derived from spermatozoa stored for 3 and 5 months at -20 and -80 degrees C respectively, were then transferred to pseudopregnant mothers to develop into healthy liveborn offspring. No significant differences were found in embryo transfer rates (number of pups born/number of embryos transferred), weaning rates, or sex ratios of resultant pups, which were healthy and reproductively sound. These results demonstrate for the first time that partially evaporatively dried mouse spermatozoa in trehalose-EGTA solution can be preserved for long term at -20 and -80 degrees C. The possibility that the storage temperature must be less than the glass transition temperature is discussed.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Direct Detection and Quantification of Neoantigens (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Structure of plasmid construct used for transfection.&lt;/p&gt;
Prochymal Improves Response Rates In Patients With Steroid-Refractory Acute Graft Versus Host Disease (SR-GVHD) Involving The Liver And Gut: Results Of A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Phase III Trial In GVHD (2010)

Steroid-refractory acute GVHD (SR-GVHD) remains a significant complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Prochymal® (Mesenchymal Stem Cells, MSC, derived from unrelated volunteer adult donors) was evaluated in addition to standard of care, including institutionally selected second line treatment, in a randomized (2:1) trial in patients with SR-GVHD (Protocol 280). Patients received 8 infusions of 2 × 106 MSC/kg over 4 weeks (or volume equivalent for placebo), with an additional 4 infusions administered weekly after day 28 in patients who had a partial response, defined as improvement in at least one organ without progression in others. The primary endpoint was durable complete response (DCR) for≥28 days. Additional prospectively defined outcomes included responses in patients by organ involvement. P-values were based on Chi-square tests, unless otherwise specified. 244 patients with SR-GVHD (skin involvement n=144, GI involvement n=179, liver involvement n=61) were enrolled and treated on study: Prochymal (n=163), placebo (n=81). There were no significant differences in age, pre-transplant conditioning, graft source, HLA-matching or second-line therapy between treatment arms. For the Prochymal and placebo arms, respectively, the grades of GVHD at entry were B (22% vs. 26%), C (51% vs. 58%), and D (27% vs. 16%). The respective DCR rates were 35% vs. 30% (p=0.3) in the ITT population and 40% vs. 28% (p=0.08) in the per protocol population. Results for secondary endpoints are shown in the table. Patients with GvHD affecting all 3 organs had overall complete or partial responses rate of 63% vs. 0% (n=22, p<0.05, Fisher's exact test) at day 28. Patients treated with Prochymal had less progression of liver GVHD at weeks 2 and 4 respectively (32% vs 59%, p=0.05; and 37% vs. 65%, p=0.05). The incidence of infections was not different between arms. Incidence rates were 9% vs. 8% for recurrent malignancy, 1.8% vs. 2.5% for infusional toxicity, and 0.6% vs. 4.6% for discontinuation due to an AE in Prochymal versus Placebo, respectively. GVHD with liver or gut involvement is a life-threatening complication of HCT. Our results suggest that the addition of Prochymal produced significant improvement without additive toxicity in patients with SR-GVHD involving visceral organs.Tabled 1Overall Complete or Partial Response Rates in Patients According to Organ InvolvementDay 100 Response RateOrganProchymalPlaceboOdds Ratio95% CIP ValueOverall82%73%1.70.9-3.10.12Skin78%77%1.10.5-2.40.9Liver76%47%3.61.1-11.2<0.05Gut82%68%2.21.1-4.4<0.05 Open table in a new tab
Carotid Body Denervation Markedly Improves the Survival of Monocrotaline Induced Pulmonary Hypertension Rats (2015)

BACKGROUND Enhanced sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Since carotid body denervation (CBD) inhibits excessive sympatho-excitation in animal models of heart failure, we hypothesizes that CBD reduces SNA and improves survival in monocrotaline (MCT) induced PH rats. METHODS: In 5 week-old Sprague-Dawley rats, we removed the tissues around the carotid bifurcation and established CBD. A week after CBD, we injected MCT subcutaneously (60 mg/kg). Four weeks after MCT, we compared physiological findings and the survival rate between SHAM (CBD-/MCT+, n=10) and CBD (CBD+/MCT+, n=13). RESULTS: CBD markedly improved the survival rate (53 vs. 100%, p=0.01, Fig.1). At 4 weeks after MCT, CBD significantly increased heart rate variability (4.3±1.3 vs. 9.0±2.1 ms, p<0.05) whereas decreased 24-hours urinary norepinephrine (0.75 vs. 0.50 μg/day, p=0.08) suggesting that CBD reduced SNA and restored autonomic function. Interestingly, CBD did not change either right ventricular systolic pressure (59±17 vs. 48±20 mmHg) or right ventricle weight (1.4±0.27 vs 1.2±0.28 g/kg). Conclusion CBD restored autonomic balance and improved the survival rate in the MCT induced PH rats. The central mechanism that benefits the PH rats remains to be seen.
Effects of PET System Performance Characteristics on Image Quality for Neuro-PET (2019)

It is important to predict and understand how scanner design characteristics will affect image quality relevant to clinical tasks when developing a new system. It is a complex task to understand the interplay among multiple system parameters such as time-of-flight (TOF) resolution, sensitivity, intrinsic spatial resolution, and depth-of-interaction (DOI) resolution. This can be achieved by Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. Here we perform MC simulation using SimSET to simulate brain-dedicated positron emission tomography (PET) scanners with varying system parameters such as DOI resolution, intrinsic spatial resolution and TOF resolution. We report preliminary results from simulating various phantoms. The results show that DOI information greatly improves image resolution particularly in the peripheral regions, reducing parallax errors even without point spread function modeling, that smaller detector elements improve image resolution, and that TOF information lowers image noise. The MC simulation analysis provides useful results for optimizing detector geometry and hardware for high resolution neuro-PET scanner design.
Atomistic simulations of nanotube fracture (2002)

The fracture of carbon nanotubes is studied by molecular mechanics simulations. The fracture behavior is found to be almost independent of the separation energy and to depend primarily on the inflection point in the interatomic potential. The fracture strain of a zigzag nanotube is predicted to be between 10% and 15%, which compares reasonably well with experimental results. The predicted range of fracture stresses is 65--93 GPa and is markedly higher than observed. The computed fracture strengths of chiral and armchair nanotubes are above these values. Various plausible small-scale defects do not suffice to bring the failure stresses into agreement with available experimental results. As in the experiments, the fracture of carbon nanotubes is predicted to be brittle.
Mechanism of Sliding Friction on a Film-Terminated Fibrillar Interface (2009)

We study the mechanism of sliding friction on a film-terminated fibrillar interface. It has been shown that static friction increases significantly with increasing spacing between fibrils, and with increasing rate of loading. However, surprisingly, the sliding friction remains substantially unaffected both by geometry and by the rate of loading. The presence of the thin terminal film is a controlling factor in determining the sliding friction. Experimentally, and by a simple model in which the indenter is held up by the tension in the thin film, we show how the indenter maintains a nearly constant contact area that is independent of the fibril spacing, resulting in constant sliding friction. By this mechanism, using the film-terminated structure, one can enhance the static friction without affecting the sliding behavior.
Impacts of Adding Photovoltaic Solar System On-Board to Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles Towards Meeting 2025 Fuel Economy CAFE Standards (2016)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The challenge of meeting the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards of 2025 has led to major developments in the transportation sector, among which is the attempt to utilize clean energy sources. To date, use of solar energy as an auxiliary source of on-board fuel has not been extensively investigated. This paper is the first study at undertaking a comprehensive analysis of using solar energy on-board by means of photovoltaic (PV) technologies to enhance automotive fuel economies, extend driving ranges, reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and ensure better economic value of internal combustion engine (ICE) -based vehicles to meet CAFE standards though 2025. This paper details and compares various aspects of hybrid solar electric vehicles with conventional ICE vehicles. Different driving locations, vehicle sizes, various driving patterns and different cost scenarios are used in order to enhance the current understanding of the applicability and effectiveness of using on-board PV modules in individual automobiles and ensure an accurate representation of driving conditions in all U.S states at any time. These times and location-dependent results obtained over a year show an increase in the combined mile per gallon (MPG) at noon in the range of 2.9-9.5% for a vehicle similar to a Tesla S, and a significant increase in the range of 10.7-42.2% for lightweight and aerodynamic efficient vehicles. In addition, by adding on-board PVs to cover less than 50% of the projected horizontal surface area of a typical mid-size vehicle (e.g., Toyota Camry or Nissan Leaf), up to 50% of total daily miles traveled by an average U.S. person could be driven by solar energy. Also, the return on investment (ROI) of adding PVs on-board with ICE vehicle over its lifetime shows only negative values when the price of gasoline remains below $4.0 per gallon and the vehicle is driven in low-solar energy area (e.g., Boston, MA). The same ROI is more than 250% if the vehicle is driven in high-solar energy area (e.g., Arizona), even if the gasoline price remains low. For future price scenarios, this ROI is much higher - nearly 10 times the investment cost under some scenarios, with the assumption of an eventual decline in battery costs. With regard to environmental impacts, significant gasoline gallons savings (∼500-3400) and CO2 emission reduction (∼5.0 to 34.0 short tons) are achieved.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Preface (2008)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO BOOKPREVPrefaceNEXTPrefaceR. NagarajanR. NagarajanMolecular Sciences and Engineering Team Natick Soldier Research, Development, and Engineering Center Natick, MA 01760 [email protected]More by R. Nagarajan and T. Alan HattonT. Alan HattonDepartment of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA 02139 [email protected]More by T. Alan HattonDOI: 10.1021/bk-2008-0996.pr001 This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MorePublication Date (Print):September 19, 2008Publication History Published online23 July 2009Published inprint 19 September 2008Request reuse permissions Copyright © 2008 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Stabilization, Passivation, and Functionalizationpp xi-xivACS Symposium SeriesVol. 996ISBN13: 9780841269699eISBN: 9780841221390Chapter Views1855Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSChapter Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (421 KB) Get e-Alerts