gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Composition and Growth Kinetics of the Interfacial Layer for MOCVD HfO[sub 2] Layers on Si Substrates (2004)

To boost MOS transistor performance, thickness of the gate dielectric is continuously scaled down. This results in an increase of gate tunneling leakage current, which at some point prevents further downscaling. Desired parameters of alternative materials to are a higher dielectric constant (high-k materials), stability, and compatibility with silicon. A general observation for one of the prime candidates, is formation of an interfacial layer between the silicon and the high-k material that limits scalability because of its low k-value. Hence, a thorough study of the formation of this layer and its contribution to the equivalent oxide thickness is of utmost importance. We studied the composition and growth kinetics of the interfacial layer formed during the deposition of by metallorganic chemical vapor deposition using and tetrakis-diethylamidohafnium as precursor. We found the composition and thickness of the interfacial layer to be dependent on the deposition parameters as well as on the starting surface. The layer's composition is hafnium silicate-like and its thickness increases as a function of deposition time and temperature. It is therefore controlled by deposition of the layer. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Regio(ir)regular naphthalenediimide- and perylenediimide-bithiophene copolymers: how MO localization controls the bandgap (2016)

Regio-regularity has negligible impact on the optical spectra of naphthalene- and perylene-diimide-bithiophene copolymers (<bold>NDI-2T</bold>, <bold>PDI-2T</bold>), due to localized frontier (F-)MOs. In <bold>PDI-2T</bold> the FMOs are localized in <bold>PDI</bold>, while in <bold>NDI-2T</bold> they are largely localized in the respective donor/acceptor units.
Systems and synthetic biology approaches to alter plant cell walls and reduce biomass recalcitrance (2014)

Fine-tuning plant cell wall properties to render plant biomass more amenable to biofuel conversion is a colossal challenge. A deep knowledge of the biosynthesis and regulation of plant cell wall and a high-precision genome engineering toolset are the two essential pillars of efforts to alter plant cell walls and reduce biomass recalcitrance. The past decade has seen a meteoric rise in use of transcriptomics and high-resolution imaging methods resulting in fresh insights into composition, structure, formation and deconstruction of plant cell walls. Subsequent gene manipulation approaches, however, commonly include ubiquitous mis-expression of a single candidate gene in a host that carries an intact copy of the native gene. The challenges posed by pleiotropic and unintended changes resulting from such an approach are moving the field towards synthetic biology approaches. Synthetic biology builds on a systems biology knowledge base and leverages high-precision tools for high-throughput assembly of multigene constructs and pathways, precision genome editing and site-specific gene stacking, silencing and/or removal. Here, we summarize the recent breakthroughs in biosynthesis and remodelling of major secondary cell wall components, assess the impediments in obtaining a systems-level understanding and explore the potential opportunities in leveraging synthetic biology approaches to reduce biomass recalcitrance.
Comparison of the Nitric Oxide Synthase Interactomes and S-Nitroso-Proteomes: Furthering the Case for Enzymatic S-Nitrosylation (2023)

<b><i>Aims:</i></b> S-nitrosylation of proteins is the main mechanism through which nitric oxide (NO) regulates cellular function and likely represents the archetype redox-based signaling system across aerobic and anaerobic organisms. How NO generated by different nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms leads to specificity of S-nitrosylation remains incompletely understood. This study aimed to identify proteins interacting with, and whose S-nitrosylation is mediated by, human NOS isoforms in the same cellular system, thereby illuminating the contribution of individual NOSs to specificity. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of the hundreds of proteins interacting with each NOS, many were also S-nitrosylated. However, a large proportion of S-nitrosylated proteins (SNO-proteins) did not associate with NOS. Moreover, most NOS interactors and SNO-proteins were unique to each isoform. The amount of NO produced by each NOS isoform was unrelated to the numbers of SNO-proteins. Thus, NOSs promoted S-nitrosylation of largely distinct sets of target proteins. Different signaling pathways were enriched downstream of each NOS. <b><i>Innovation and Conclusion:</i></b> The interactomes and SNOomes of individual NOS isoforms were largely distinct. Only a small fraction of SNO-proteins interacted with their respective NOS. Amounts of S-nitrosylation were unrelated to the amount of NO generated by NOSs. These data argue against free diffusion of NO or NOS interactions as being necessary or sufficient for S-nitrosylation and favor roles for additional enzymes and/or regulatory elements in imparting SNO-protein specificity. <i>Antioxid. Redox Signal.</i> 39, 621-634.
Supplementary Figures S1-S3 from Functional Gene Expression Analysis Uncovers Phenotypic Switch in Aggressive Uveal Melanomas (2023)

Supplementary Figures S1-S3 from Functional Gene Expression Analysis Uncovers Phenotypic Switch in Aggressive Uveal Melanomas
Effects of Injection of Anti-Luteinizing Hormone (LH)-Releasing Hormone Serum and Anti-Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone-Associated Peptide Serum into Neonatal Rats on LH and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Cells1 (1993)

Relatively little is known regarding the potential importance of LHRH and of gonadotropin-releasing hormone-associated peptide (GAP) on the postnatal development of gonadotrophs. We investigated the effects of administration of anti (A)-LHRH serum or A-GAP serum to neonatal rats on the development of LH and FSH immunoreactivity in anterior pituitary gland (APG) cells. Serum (sheep non-immune [NSS], sheep A-LHRH, sheep A-LHRH/GAP [which bound LHRH and GAP], rabbit non-immune [NRS], or rabbit A-GAP) was injected s.c. into neonatal female and male rats on Days 1 and 3 or Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after birth. Pups were killed on Day 5 or 9, two days after the last injection. The percentages of APG cells immunoreactive for LH or FSH increased from Day 1 to Day 5 and did not change between Days 5 and 9 in female pups treated with NSS or NRS. There was a trend for the percentages of LH and FSH cells to increase from Day 1 to Days 5 and 9 in male pups treated with NSS or NRS, but the increases were not statistically significant. In both females and males, treatment with antisera that recognized LHRH reduced the percentage of FSH cells on Day 5 and the percentages of LH and FSH cells on Day 9. Treatment with A-GAP was without effect in both sexes. There were similar percentages of LH and FSH cells in females and a lower percentage of FSH than of LH cells in males in the Day 5 and 9 controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
7.4 Combiner Optics and Exit Pupil Expansion (2020)

The previous chapter reviewed the various optical building blocks used in typical AR and MR headsets. This chapter addresses the main challenges that must be overcome with those building blocks in order to meet the following specs simultaneously: - a large FOV and wide stereo overlap, - a large IPD coverage (large eyebox), - a large eye relief allowing prescription lens wear, - a high angular resolution close to 20/20 vision, and - a small form factor, low weight, and a CG close to the head.
Brexpiprazole has a low risk of dopamine D2 receptor sensitization and inhibits rebound phenomena related to D2 and serotonin 5‐HT2A receptors in rats (2019)

Brexpiprazole has a low risk of D<sub>2</sub> receptor sensitization after a repeated administration and suppresses the rebound phenomena related to D<sub>2</sub> and 5-HT<sub>2A</sub> receptors after a repeated administration of risperidone.
Characterization and optimization of Yb-doped photonic-crystal fiber rod amplifiers using spatially resolved spectral interferometry (2011)

Spatially resolved spectral interferometry is used to measure the mode content of a Yb-doped photonic-crystal fiber rod amplifier with a 2300 μm(2) mode area. The technique, known as S(2) imaging, was adapted for the short fiber amplifier at full power and revealed a small amount of a copolarized LP(11) mode. Simulations illustrate the potential for weak mode suppression in this fiber and agree qualitatively with the measurements of S(2) and M(2). Higher-order-mode content depends on the alignment of the input signal at injection and ranged from -18 dB for optimized alignment to -13 dB when the injection alignment was offset along the LP(11) axis by 30% of the 55 μm mode-field diameter.
Analysis of Smoking Cessation Patterns Using a Stochastic Mixed-Effects Model With a Latent Cured State (2008)

We develop a mixed model to capture the complex stochastic nature of tobacco abuse and dependence. This model describes transition processes among addiction and nonaddiction stages. An important innovation of our model is allowing an unobserved cure state, or permanent quitting, in contrast to transient quitting. This distinction is necessary to model data from situations where censoring prevents unambiguous determination that a person has been "cured." Moreover, the processes that describe transient and permanent quitting are likely to be different and have different policy-making implications. For example, when analyzing factors that influence smoking and can be targeted by interventions, it is more important to target those factors that are associated with permanent quitting rather than transient quitting.We apply our methodology to the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) study, a large (29,133 participants) longitudinal cohort study. While ATBC was designed as a cancer prevention study, it contains unique information about the smoking status of each participant during every 4-month period of the study. These data are used to model smoking cessation patterns using a discrete-time stochastic mixed-effects model with three states: smoking, transient cessation, and permanent cessation (absorbent state). Random participant-specific transition probabilities among these states are used to account for participant-to-participant heterogeneity. Another important innovation in our article is to design computationally practical methods for dealing with the size of the dataset and complexity of the models. This is achieved using the marginal likelihood obtained by integrating over the Beta distribution of random effects.
The Optical Data Processing Family Tree (1984)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Joseph W. Goodman, "The Optical Data Processing Family Tree," Optics News 10(3), 25-28 (1984) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
On the Robustness of Deep Learning-Based Speech Enhancement (2022)

In this paper, we present the design of a robust deep neural network based speech enhancement (DNNSE) solution for joint noise reduction and dereverberation under real-world acoustic conditions. This makes our proposed solution suitable for smart-speaker products that encounter a wide variety of acoustic challenges during their real-world deployment. We provide a systematic introduction to the acoustic challenges involved in real-world products and perform a detailed analysis to compare DNNSE models using metrics such as short-time objective intelligibility (STOI), scale-invariant signal-to-distortion-ratio (SI-SDR), and generalizability to unseen acoustic conditions. We then develop a robust DNNSE solution along with a robust training procedure that are well suited for the acoustic challenges specified in the paper. Through detailed analysis, we demonstrate that our DNNSE solution performs and generalizes better than a baseline solution that is 5x-6x times larger.
Movie S1 from Induction of Telomere Dysfunction Prolongs Disease Control of Therapy-Resistant Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Time-lapse imaging of A375(Fucci2) cells treated with the control.&lt;/p&gt;
An optical scanner based on beam switching method fabricated on silicon photonics circuit (2018)

We have demonstrated an optical scanner based on beam switching method fabricated on silicon photonics integrated circuit. Scanner is based on beam switching method. Scanner is composed of ring resonator multiplexer and grating array. Multiplexer determines the optical path and one of grating is selected for emitter. The scanning angle was 6 degree. Solid state scanner is suitable for Laser intensity direction and ranging (LIDAR) because of reliability and small factor. We fabricated and demonstrated an optical scanner based on beam switching method fabricated on silicon photonics integrated circuit. Scanner is all solid state and movement-free. Scanner is composed of ring resonator multiplexer and grating array. Multiplexer determines the optical path and one of grating is selected for emitter. LIDAR is promising sensor for automated cruising for automotive application and this report is considered to be a remarkable technology.
Remaining Useful Life Estimation of Batteries using Dirichlet Process with Variational Bayes Inference (2018)

Rechargeable batteries supply numerous devices with electric power and are critical part in a variety of applications. While estimation of battery's state of charge (SoC), state of health (SoH) and state of power (SoP) have been in research focus in the past years, prediction of battery degradation has recently started to gain interest. An accurate prediction of the remaining number of charge and discharge cycles a battery can undergo before it can no longer hold charge and is declared dead, is directly related to making timely decision as to when a battery should be replaced so that power interruption of the system it supplies power to is avoided. A methodology for inferring probability distribution of the remaining number of charge-discharge cycles of a battery, based on training dataset containing measured discharge voltage waveforms of one or more batteries of similar type, is presented in this paper. The method-010gy strongly draws on modeling discharge voltage waveforms using Dirichlet Process Mixture Model framework and performs approximate inference using variational Bayes' approach. The experimental results corroborate that the proposed method is able to provide useful predictions of the remaining useful life of a battery in early stages of its life.
ChemInform Abstract: Multiple Bonds Between Transition Metals and Main‐Group Elements. Part 162. Organorhenium Oxides (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Management of Posttraumatic Segmental Bone Defects (2004)

Because of difficulty in managing posttraumatic segmental bone defects and the resultant poor outcomes, amputation historically was the preferred treatment. Massive cancellous bone autograft has been the principal alternative to amputation. Primary shortening or use of the adjacent fibula as a graft also has been used to attempt limb salvage. Of more recent methods of management, bone transport with distraction osteogenesis has been suggested as the leading option for defects of 2 to 10 cm, but problems include delayed union at the docking site and prolonged treatment time. Free vascularized bone transfer has been suggested as the leading option for defects of 5 to 12 cm, but hypertrophy of the graft is unreliable and late fracture, common. Bone graft substitutes continue to be developed, but they have not yet reached clinical efficacy for posttraumatic segmental bone defects. Although each of the new techniques has shown some limited success, complications remain common.
Cobalt Lithium Orthoborate, LiCoBO3 (1998)

The title compound has been synthesized by a solid-state reaction. Its structure is isotypic with those of LiMgBO3, LiMnBO3 and LiZnBO3. CoII occupies statistically two close positions within the CoO5 trigonal bipyramids. These polyhedra share edges to form chains running along the [\overline{1}01] axis and are linked together, via corner sharing, by BO3 planar groups. The Li atoms occupy statistically the center of two face-sharing tetrahedra. Such pairs of tetrahedra share edges to form chains running along the c axis.
A peptide antagonist of Prep1-p160 interaction improves ceramide-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cells (2017)

Prep1 is a homeodomain transcription factor belonging to the TALE protein family. Its overexpression affects glucose metabolism in several tissues. In particular, in skeletal muscle tissue the interaction of Prep1 with its cofactor p160 impairs GLUT4 expression and glucose uptake. In this study, we show that ceramides (C2cer), a class of lipids antagonizing insulin signalling, increase the levels of Prep1 and p160 in a dose and time-dependent fashion in L6 cells and induce their association by 80%. We find that C2cer exposure inhibits insulin receptor, IRS1 and Akt phosphorylation and reduces insulin-stimulated glycogen content and glucose uptake by 1.3- and 2.1-fold, respectively. The synthetic Prep1(54-72) peptide, mimicking the Prep1 region involved in the interaction with p160, reduces <i>in vitro</i> Prep1-p160 binding in a dose-dependent way (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.20μM). In C2cer-treated L6 cells, 10μM Prep1(54-72) restores insulin signalling impaired by ceramide treatment. Prep1 overexpressing L6 cells display similar metabolic alterations observed in ceramide-treated L6 cells and the presence of Prep1(54-72) mitigates these events. All these findings suggest that disruption of the Prep1/p160 molecular interaction enhances insulin sensitivity impaired by ceramides in skeletal muscle cells and indicate this complex as an important target for type 2 diabetes.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Halides and Aryl Triflates: N‐Hexyl‐2‐Methyl‐4‐Methoxyaniline and N‐Methyl‐N‐(4‐Chlorophenyl)Aniline (2003)

Abstract N‐Hexyl‐2‐methyl‐4‐methoxylanaline R 4‐Bromo‐3‐methylanisole m‐Hexylamine P N‐Hexyl‐2‐methyl‐4‐methoxylaniline N‐Methyl‐N‐(4‐chlorophenyl) aniline R 4‐chlorophenyl trifluoromethanesulfonate N‐Methylaniline P N‐Methyl‐N‐(4‐chlorophenyl) aniline
Real-time image-based rendering system with random access CMOS imagers (2003)

We investigate a real-time image-based rendering (IBR) system. IBR enables one to synthesize a 3D arbitrary view from a 2D array of input images. However, conventional systems have a difficulty to handle dynamic scenes because of the heaviness of the input. We design an IBR system with random access image sensors. In the system, each image sensor outputs only the pixels that are externally selected, so that the total readout data from the camera array is reduced to the necessary and sufficient condition for the rendering. We develop a prototype of random access image sensor by the CMOS process. A prototype of IBR system with 16 of this sensors was constructed and synthesized arbitrary-view at 60 frames/second.
A 0.5-V 1.6-mW 2.4-GHz Fractional-N All-Digital PLL for Bluetooth LE With PVT-Insensitive TDC Using Switched-Capacitor Doubler in 28-nm CMOS (2018)

This paper proposes an ultra-low-voltage (ULV) fractional-N all-digital PLL (ADPLL) powered from a single 0.5-V supply. While its digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) runs directly at 0.5 V, an internal switched-capacitor dc-dc converter “doubles” the supply voltage to all the digital circuitry and particularly regulates the time-to-digital converter (TDC) supply to stabilize its resolution, thus maintaining fixed in-band phase noise (PN) across process, voltage, and temperature (PVT). The ADPLL supports a two-point modulation and forms a Bluetooth low-energy (BLE) transmitter realized in 28-nm CMOS. It maintains in-band PN of -106 dBc/Hz [figure of merit (FoM) of -239.2 dB] and rms jitter of 0.86 ps while dissipating only 1.6 mW at 40-MHz reference. The power consumption reduces to 0.8 mW during the BLE transmission when the DCO switches to open loop.
Treatment and visual prognosis in Behcet's disease. (1986)

For the last decade we have observed and regularly followed 49 patients with the ocular type of Behçet's disease. Thirty-six patients were males and 13 were females. Regardless of whether the initial ocular presenting symptoms were in the anterior or posterior segment, both segments were involved within two years. Sterile hypopyon was recorded in 17 out of the 49 patients during the process of follow-up. In three of the patients hypopyon was the presenting symptom. Characteristically there was a lack of corneal or scleral involvement in the disease process. All patients responded initially to treatment with steroids, but 42 had a course of treatment with cytotoxic-immunosuppressive drugs for various lengths of time after 'resistance' to steroids developed. Although definitely effective in reducing the intensity of the ocular inflammatory processes, it is not clear yet whether these modes of treatment have any dramatic effect of the visual prognosis of the affected eyes. Despite intensive follow-up and treatment, loss of useful visual acuity has occurred in 74% of the eyes six to 10 years after the start of the ocular symptoms.
Skin T1 Mapping at 1.5T, 3T, and 7T (2009)

Increasing the field strength seems promising for high-resolution skin imaging but a legitimate concern is the increase in the spin-lattice relaxation parameter T1. Skin T1 maps at 1.5T, 3T, and 7T are compared and a novel non-linear least-square approach for fast and accurate T1-estimation is proposed.
Atomic Structure Determination of Nio-Y2O3 Interfaces by HRTEM (1997)

Abstract The investigation of interfaces between NiO and Y2O3 is part of a research initiative to understand low-energy heterophase interface structures between different oxide materials. In-situ oxide composites formed by the directional solidification of pseudo-binary eutectics are used as model materials in this study because they are amenable to chemical and structural characterization at the atomic length-scale. Previously, interfaces in NiO-ZrO2(cubic) directionally solidified eutectics (DSEs) were examined by various electron imaging and spectroscopy techniques to reveal the three-dimensional interface structure.[l] The second DSE system studied, NiO-Y2O3,[2] was chosen because it is very similar in crystallography to NiO-ZrO2(cubic). The goal of this second, analogous study is not only to understand the NiO-Y2O3 interface structure but, by comparing the results to NiO-ZrO2, is to draw more general conclusions about low energy oxide-oxide interfaces. Table one compares the crystallography of the NiO-ZrO2 and the NiO-Y2O3 DSEs.