gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abnormalities of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Compartment in Children After in Utero Exposure to AZT (2011)

Abstract Abstract 1123 Mother to child HIV-1 transmission prophylaxy with antiretroviral (ARV) during pregnancy is remarkably effective. Although now based on various ARV-combinations, azydothymidine (AZT) remains the cornerstone drug in all guidelines. AZT hematologic toxicity after in utero exposure consisted in a reversible anemia but also in a persistant slight decrease on platelet, neutrophils and lymphocytes count up to 2 years of age. This long lasting biological effect evokes an alteration of the hematopoietic stem cell compartment. The very long term impact is unknown. Twenty six neonates from HIV-1 infected mothers treated with an AZT based combination during pregnancy in Paris area were included in the study and compared to 20 neonates from healthy mothers. Umbilical cord blood was sampled after obtaining written informed consent from the mother. The experimental scheme included phenotypical and functional analysis of the hematopoietic compartment as well as transcriptome analysis of hematopoietic progenitors. Phenotypic analysis revealed a tendancy to higher numbers of CD34+ cells in the AZT group as compared to the control group. A similar finding was observed for hematopoietic stem cells defined on the basis of a Lin-CD34+ CD38loCD90+CD45RA- phenotype. Multipotent progenitors Lin-CD34+ CD38loCD90-CD45RA- were also increased at a statistically significant level. Affymetrix analysis of gene expression profiles was performed on CD34+ cells sorted from 8 AZT and 6 controls. Ingenuity analysis revealed significant differences in genes involved in hematopoiesis and cell cycle. Among hematopoietic genes for which differences of expression were noted between the two groups, 14 have a known role in the maintenance and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. Quantitative RT-PCR are actually ongoing to further characterize the gene expression profile of AZT CD34+ cells. These results support the hypothesis of an alteration of the hematopoietic stem cell compartment in children after in utero exposure to AZT. Potential hematotoxicity of other ARV drugs must be evaluated to delineate the safest as possible mother to child HIV-1 transmission prophylaxy. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Enabling relationship learning in intra-firm professional service teams (2017)

Purpose: This study focuses on relationship learning (RL) in intra-firm professional service teams (IPSTs). IPSTs refer to a particular form of knowledge-based service teams, consisting of people employed in the same company, but belonging to different departments, collaborating to solve problems and create value for their business clients (or customers). Moreover, the study explores three enabling factors that boost relational learning in IPSTs. Specifically, a firm’s market orientation (MO), a trusting team climate (TC) and leadership support are suggested as enabling factors for RL in IPSTs. The suggested enabling factors for RL in IPSTs were tested in a survey, in which 210 employees in consultancy service firms participated. The findings reveal that a firm’s MO and a trusting TC appear to play an imperative role in enabling RL in IPSTs. However, it is suggested that a combination of the three enabling factors collectively results in the capability to realise the full potential of RL in IPSTs. This study contributes to both deepen and extend our understanding of RL, which is a relatively new concept. Accordingly, it is a unique study that enriches our understanding of knowledge-based service firms where the ‘human factor’ of the individual team members seems to be an essential factor for both service offerings and service firm’s competitive advantage.
Electrical Characterization of NlPlN Structuresin 6H-Sic (1992)

No abstract available.
Plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition growth of Si nanowires with low melting point metal catalysts: an effective alternative to Au-mediated growth (2007)

Au nanoparticles are efficient catalysts for the vapour-solid-liquid (VLS) growth of semiconductor nanowires, but Au poses fundamental reliability concerns for applications in Si semiconductor technology. In this work we show that the choice of catalysts for Si nanowire growth can be broadened when the need for catalytic precursor dissociation is eliminated through the use of plasma enhancement. However, in this regime the incubation time for the activation of VLS growth must be minimized to avoid burying the catalyst particles underneath an amorphous Si layer. We show that the combined use of plasma enhancement and the use of a catalyst such as In, already in a liquid form at the growth temperature, is a powerful method for obtaining Si nanowire growth with high yield. Si nanowires grown by this method are monocrystalline and generally oriented in the < 1 1 1 > direction.
ChemInform Abstract: DIASTEREOSELECTION IN INTERMOLECULAR NITRILE OXIDE CYCLOADDITION (NOC) REACTIONS: CONFIRMATION OF THE “ANTI‐PERIPLANAR EFFECT” THROUGH A SIMPLE SYNTHESIS OF 2‐DEOXY‐D‐RIBOSE (1983)

Abstract Bei der Reaktion des optisch aktiven Vinyldioxolans (II) mit Ethoxycarbonylameisensäurenitriloxid entstehen zwei diastereomere Addukte im Verhältnis 80:20, von denen das überwiegende (III) über die Stufen (IV) und (V) in 2‐Desoxy‐D‐ribose (VI) übergeführt wird (Ausb.‐Angaben fehlen).
Optimized planar photonic crystal waveguide 60/spl deg/ bend with more than 200 nm wide 1-dB transmission bandwidth (2005)

Topology optimization was used to design a planar photonic crystal waveguide 60/spl deg/ bend leading to a record-breaking transmission bandwidth of more than 200 nm. The experimental results agree well with 3D finite-difference-time-domain simulations.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Selectively Protected L‐Dopa Derivatives from L‐ Tyrosine via Reimer‐Tiemann and Dakin Reactions. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Multi-layered Pyrolitic Carbon MEMS. (2017)

Abstract not provided.
Harmonic generation in solids with direct fiber laser pumping (2017)

High harmonic generation in solids presents the possibility for bringing attosecond techniques to semiconductors and a simple source for frequency comb spectroscopy in the vacuum ultraviolet. We generate up to the seventh harmonic of a Tm fiber laser by focusing in silicon or zinc oxide. The harmonics are strong and stable, with no indication of material damage. Calculations show the potential for generating nineteenth harmonic photons at 12 eV photons of energy.
Enhanced Stimulation of Anti-Ovarian Cancer CD8+ T Cells by Dendritic Cells Loaded with Nanoparticle Encapsulated Tumor Antigen (2011)

These findings indicate that delivery of TAA in NP enables DC to efficiently activate anti-tumor CD8(+) T cells. PLGA NP encapsulation of tumor-derived lysate protein antigens is an encouraging new preparative methodology for DC-based vaccination meriting clinical testing.
Effect of Electrolyte on High Sulfur Loading Li-S Batteries (2018)

Practical lithium-sulfur batteries require high sulfur electrode loading and lean electrolyte designs, which entail more research efforts on the two cell-design parameters - sulfur loading and electrolyte/sulfur loading ratio (E/S). In this work, a systematic investigation is performed to understand the impact of these two variables over key Li-S cell performance parameters. It is demonstrated that Li-S cells’ power performance strongly depends on the E/S ratio, while both E/S ratio and sulfur loading significantly influence the cycle life of Li-S cells. Low E/S ratio and high sulfur loading both give rise to fast lithium anode corrosion, which induces fast capacity fade and Coulombic efficiency decay. Pre-passivation of the lithium anode with an ionic conductor Li<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> protection layer only improves the Coulombic efficiency retention at sulfur loading levels much lower than the practical threshold. Meanwhile, increasing the concentration of LiNO<sub>3</sub> additive in the electrolyte is found effective in sustaining the cycling capacity and the Coulombic efficiency over a reasonable usage window (~200 cycles). In conclusion, the role of LiNO<sub>3</sub> is the protection of lithium anode during cycling.
Water Desalination Using Carbon-Nanotube-Enhanced Membrane Distillation (2010)

Carbon nanotube (CNT) enhanced membrane distillation is presented for water desalination. It is demonstrated that the immobilization of the CNTs in the pores of a hydrophobic membrane favorably alters the water-membrane interactions to promote vapor permeability while preventing liquid penetration into the membrane pores. For a salt concentration of 34 000 mg L(-1) and at 80 °C, the nanotube incorporation led to 1.85 and 15 times increase in flux and salt reduction, respectively.
Methods for dynamic synchrotron X-ray respiratory imaging in live animals (2019)

Small-animal physiology studies are typically complicated, but the level of complexity is greatly increased when performing live-animal X-ray imaging studies at synchrotron and compact light sources. This group has extensive experience in these types of studies at the SPring-8 and Australian synchrotrons, as well as the Munich Compact Light Source. These experimental settings produce unique challenges. Experiments are always performed in an isolated radiation enclosure not specifically designed for live-animal imaging. This requires equipment adapted to physiological monitoring and test-substance delivery, as well as shuttering to reduce the radiation dose. Experiment designs must also take into account the fixed location, size and orientation of the X-ray beam. This article describes the techniques developed to overcome the challenges involved in respiratory X-ray imaging of live animals at synchrotrons, now enabling increasingly sophisticated imaging protocols.
A Computational Study of Fast Proton Diffusion in Brownmillerite Sr2Co2O5 (2020)

Solid oxide proton conductor materials are crucial for enabling hydrogen-based energy applications such as solid oxide fuel cells and solid oxide membranes. The improvement in the performance and efficiency of these applications requires the development of novel solid oxide proton conductor materials with higher proton conduction. Recently, brownmillerite Sr2Co2O5 (also known as SrCoO2.5) was reported to exhibit exceptionally high proton conductivity at lower temperatures (40–140 °C) compared to typical perovskite-based oxide proton conductors. In this study, we perform first-principles calculations to reveal the atomistic mechanisms of proton insertion and diffusion in this brownmillerite structure. By studying hydrogenated brownmillerite Sr2Co2O5 in a range of H concentrations, we reveal the diffusion mechanisms in brownmillerite, which give rise to faster proton diffusion than in perovskite proton conductors. The understanding of fast proton conduction mechanisms in brownmillerite provides insight into the future development and discovery of novel proton conductor materials.
A large replication study and meta-analysis in European samples provides further support for association of AHI1 markers with schizophrenia (2010)

The Abelson helper integration site 1 (AHI1) gene locus on chromosome 6q23 is among a group of candidate loci for schizophrenia susceptibility that were initially identified by linkage followed by linkage disequilibrium mapping, and subsequent replication of the association in an independent sample. Here, we present results of a replication study of AHI1 locus markers, previously implicated in schizophrenia, in a large European sample (in total 3907 affected and 7429 controls). Furthermore, we perform a meta-analysis of the implicated markers in 4496 affected and 18,920 controls. Both the replication study of new samples and the meta-analysis show evidence for significant overrepresentation of all tested alleles in patients compared with controls (meta-analysis; P = 8.2 x 10(-5)-1.7 x 10(-3), common OR = 1.09-1.11). The region contains two genes, AHI1 and C6orf217, and both genes-as well as the neighbouring phosphodiesterase 7B (PDE7B)-may be considered candidates for involvement in the genetic aetiology of schizophrenia.
In Situ Spectroscopic Study of Microwave Polymerization (1995)

Microwaves provide a commercially advantageous method of rapidly curing polymeric samples. Curing times of several hours with traditional ovens are easily reduced to several minutes by microwave curing. Many commonly used sample monitoring probes (e.g., thermocouples) contain metallic elements that are incompatible with microwave processing. Such accelerated polymer processing via rapid microwave heating would benefit from rapid in situ monitoring techniques using optical spectroscopy.
A New Model of Epstein-Barr Virus Infection Reveals an Important Role for Early Lytic Viral Protein Expression in the Development of Lymphomas (2021)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infects cells in latent or lytic forms, but the role of lytic infection in EBV-induced lymphomas is unclear. Here, we have used a new humanized mouse model, in which both human fetal CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells and thymus/liver tissue are transplanted, to compare EBV pathogenesis and lymphoma formation following infection with a lytic replication-defective BZLF1-deleted (Z-KO) virus or a lytically active BZLF1+ control. Both the control and Z-KO viruses established long-term viral latency in all infected animals. The infection appeared well controlled in some animals, but others eventually developed CD20+ diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCL). Animals infected with the control virus developed tumors more frequently than Z-KO virus-infected animals. Specific immune responses against EBV-infected B cells were generated in mice infected with either the control virus or the Z-KO virus. In both cases, forms of viral latency (type I and type IIB) were observed that are less immunogenic than the highly transforming form (type III) commonly found in tumors of immunocompromised hosts, suggesting that immune pressure contributed to the outcome of the infection. These results point to an important role for lytic EBV infection in the development of B cell lymphomas in the context of an active host immune response.
A 0.6&#x2013;1.2 THz monolithic imaging array (2015)

A 19×8 pixel array with a read-out integrated circuit was designed and fabricated in a micro-machined SOI-CMOS process. The pixels are antenna-coupled MOSFET bolometers operating at room temperature in a wide 0.6–1.2 THz band. The read-out circuit features column multiplexed differential amplifiers, offset calibration capability and chopper stabilization. We present the performance of the read-out circuit building blocks, as well as characterization results of the pixels, which demonstrate good detection sensitivity.
Extracorporeal Life Support to Left Ventricular Assist Device Bridge to Heart Transplant : A Strategy to Optimize Survival and Resource Utilization (1999)

In appropriately selected high-risk patients, the rate of LVAD survival after initial ECMO support was not significantly different from the survival rate after LVAD support alone. An initial period of resuscitation with ECMO is an effective strategy to salvage patients with extreme hemodynamic instability and multiorgan injury. Use of LVAD resources is improved by avoiding LVAD implant in a very-high-risk cohort of patients who do not survive ECMO.
Asymmmetric Diamino Functionalization of Nanotubes Assisted by BOC Protection and Their Epoxy Nanocomposites (2010)

Abstract Homogenous dispersion and strong interfacial bonding are prerequisites for taking full advantage of the mechanical properties of nanotubes in a composite. In order to simultaneously achieve both conditions, a highly efficient and mechanically non‐destructive functionalization of nanotubes is developed. With fluoronanotubes as the precursor, asymmetric diamine molecules, N ‐BOC‐1,6‐diaminohexane, are used to replace fluorines on the wall of fluoronanotubes and construct covalent bonding to the surface of the nanotubes. A BOC de‐protection reaction is conducted and the resulting exposed amino groups create strong covalent bonds with the matrix in the course of epoxy ring‐opening etherification and curing chemical reactions. In comparison with the conventional functionalization based on symmetric diamine molecules, the functionalized nanotubes derived from the BOC‐protected diamine molecule are more dispersed within the epoxy matrix. Dynamic mechanical analysis shows that the functionalized nanotubes have better crosslinking with the matrix. The composites reinforced by the nanotubes demonstrate improvement in various mechanical properties. The Young’s Modulus, ultimate tensile strength, and storage modulus of composites loaded with 0.5 wt% functionalized nanotubes are enhanced by 30%, 25%, and 10%, respectively, compared with the neat epoxy. The increase of the glass transition temperature, as much as 10 °C, makes the composites suited for engineering applications under higher temperatures. The new functionalization method allows for an competitive enhancement in the composite performance in use of relatively low cost raw nanotubes at a small loading level. The reinforcement mechanism of the functionalized nanotubes in the epoxy resin is discussed.
Novel combinations with a CDK inhibitor for the treatment of human mantle cell lymphoma cells (2007)

3260 Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) arises from the neoplastic transformation of naive B cells in the mantle zone of the B cell follicle. It is an aggressive and incurable B cell neoplasm. It accounts for 5% to 8% of non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. Patients with MCL respond initially to chemotherapy but ultimately relapse. Mean survival time is only three to four years. Thus, the need for new treatments that effectively combat MCL is obvious and imperative. Defects in cell cycle regulation and apoptosis are primary events in MCL. It is characterized by the presence of a chromosomal translocation t (11:14)(q13:q32), which results in deregulated cyclin D1 expression. Cyclin D1 overexpression in MCL is thought to play a major role in lymphomagenesis, although the precise mechanisms by which tumor formation and progression occur are not fully understood. Subsets of MCLs also exhibit constitutive activity of two proteins previously implicated in tumor cell survival: the serine/threonine kinase AKT and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3). Toward the search for novel therapies for MCLs, we examined the potential of roscovitine (Rosc), an inhibitor of cyclin dependent kinase (CDK), as a single agent or in combination with either LY294002 (LY), a PI3K/Akt inhibitor, or cucurbitacin-I (CuI), a Jak/Stat3 inhibitor, in inducing apoptosis of various MCL lines as well as in MCL patient samples. Roscovitine or CuI modestly increased the percentage of apoptotic cells (~30%), whereas LY had no effect. However, when added in combination, Rosc/CuI or Rosc/LY induced apoptosis in more than 70% of cells. We also identified three targets of the latter combination: cyclin D1 and the anti-apoptotic proteins myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) and X-linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis (XIAP). Roscovitine eliminated Mcl-1 expression, slightly reduced XIAP abundance and had very little effect on abundance of cyclin D1. Conversely, LY reduced cyclin D1 expression and slightly reduced the abundance of Mcl-1 and XIAP. A larger decrease in XIAP abundance is seen in cultures treated with a combination of Rosc/LY. On the basis of these findings, we suggest that agents that target Mcl-1, XIAP and cyclin D1 will be most effective in inducing apoptosis of human MCLs.
Machine learning–accelerated design and synthesis of polyelemental heterostructures (2021)

In materials discovery efforts, synthetic capabilities far outpace the ability to extract meaningful data from them. To bridge this gap, machine learning methods are necessary to reduce the search space for identifying desired materials. Here, we present a machine learning–driven, closed-loop experimental process to guide the synthesis of polyelemental nanomaterials with targeted structural properties. By leveraging data from an eight-dimensional chemical space (Au-Ag-Cu-Co-Ni-Pd-Sn-Pt) as inputs, a Bayesian optimization algorithm is used to suggest previously unidentified nanoparticle compositions that target specific interfacial motifs for synthesis, results of which are iteratively shared back with the algorithm. This feedback loop resulted in successful syntheses of 18 heterojunction nanomaterials that are too complex to discover by chemical intuition alone, including extremely chemically complex biphasic nanoparticles reported to date. Platforms like the one developed here are poised to transform materials discovery across a wide swath of applications and industries.
Prediction of Heating Load of a Building using Similar Weather Information (2019)

건물의 냉난방 부하 예측은 다음날의 냉난방 공조 장치의 효율적인 운영 계획을 수립하기 위한 필수요소이며, 정확한 냉난방 부하 예측은 건물의 에너지 절감을 이끌어낸다. 본 연구는 기상정보 데이터를 기반으로 유사한 날씨를 보인 날의 실측 냉난방 부하를 K-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm으로 분류하고, 이를 입력 변수에 포함한다. 제안하는 방법의 성능을 검증하기 위해 기상정보 데이터만 이용하여 Artificial Neural Network, Recurrent Neural Network, Particle Swarm Optimization Neural Network 알고리즘을 적용한 방법과 체감온도와 유사한 날씨의 실측 난방부하를 추가한 본 제안 방법의 결과를 비교하였다. 또한 동적해석법을 이용한 난방 부하 예측 방법과도 비교하였으며, 비교결과 본 연구에서 제안하는 방법이 가장 정확한 난방 부하 예측 성능을 보였다.
A new adaptive switching frequency modulation for optimizing low power cascaded buck-boost converter (2017)

This paper presents a new technique to optimize the efficiency of the Cascaded Buck-Boost (CBB) converters by using adaptive switching frequency selection algorithm. Such bidirectional DC-DC CBB topology is typically deployed in PV-Battery systems. A precise loss-model that accounts for component nonlinearities is developed in which an optimal switching frequency is chosen that corresponds to the lowest total loss in both the buck and the boost modes of operation. Based on the developed algorithm, and once the optimal switching frequency is selected, a digital control system is designed to frequently adjust the selected optimal frequencies to modulate the PWM duty cycle accordingly and to take in account any load and line regulations. A 100 W CBB converter prototype is built to verify the developed algorithm and its loss model and to validate the theoretical efficiency improvement of the proposed adaptive switching frequency modulation technique.
Complex tetrahydrofurans from carbohydrate lactones: THF amino acids as building blocks for unnatural biopolymers (2002)

The multi-gram syntheses of two epimeric six-carbon tetrahydrofurancarboxylates based upon a D-arabinofuranose template are described. An approach to 3-O-benzyl protected derivatives is also detailed. Introduction of nitrogen at C-6 of these scaffolds leads to the generation of building blocks suitable for the generation of oligomers which possess well defined secondary structures. Radical bromination facilitates introduction of nitrogen at C-2, to afford anomeric α-amino acid derivatives which are elaborated to two unnatural diastereomers of the potent herbicidal natural product hydantocidin. X-Ray crystal structures of N-methyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-α-D-arabino-hex-2-ulofuranosonamide and N-dodecyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-β-D-arabino-hex-2-ulofuranosonamide are also disclosed.
Molecular Cloning of the N-Terminus of GTBP (1996)

Defects in mismatch repair genes cause the genetic instability characteristic of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer and a subset of sporadic colon tumors. The newest member of the mismatch repair gene family, GTBP, has recently been identified as a partial cDNA. Here, we describe the isolation of its 5' terminus, allowing definition of the entire coding region. Several polymorphisms within the 5' end were identified and are presented.