gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rotordynamic Stabilization of Rotors on Electrodynamic Bearings (2012)

In the last decades the advance in the semiconductors technology for power electronics has dictated a growing interest for high rotational speed machines. The use of high rotational speeds allows increasing the power density of the machine, but introduces some critical as‐ pects from the mechanical point of view. One of the most critical issues to be dealt with is the difficulty in operating common mechanical bearings in this condition. For this reason al‐ ternatives for classical ball and roller bearings must be found. In this context, active magnet‐ ic bearings represent an advantageous alternative because they are capable of supporting the rotating shaft in absence of contact. Nevertheless, the high cost associated with this kind of system reduces their applicability.
Expression and phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein during induced differentiation of murine erythroleukemia cells. (1992)

Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein, pRB, play a role in the control of cell cycle progression and expression of differentiation in eukaryotic cells. The regulation of pRB level and phosphorylation state was investigated during the induction of differentiation of murine erythroleukemia cells (MELC) by the chemical agent hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA). In MELC, there is a critical time in G1 or early S phase when HMBA must be present in order to induce differentiation. This is followed by prolongation of the subsequent G1 phase, resumption of progression through the cell cycle for several generations, and then cell cycle arrest in G1-G0. Associated with HMBA-induced prolongation of G1, there is an increase in the amount of the underphosphorylated form of pRB. A variant cell line (DS19/VCR-C) with accelerated kinetics of HMBA-mediated differentiation shows a more marked increase in underphosphorylated pRB. In culture with HMBA, as MELC resume progression through the cell cycle, pRB is present in the phosphorylated form. The total amount of pRB increases approximately 3-fold over the succeeding cell divisions prior to terminal arrest in G1. This increase in pRB is inhibited by dexamethasone, which also blocks HMBA-induced MELC differentiation. During this period, RB mRNA also increases approximately 3- to 5-fold, which reflects an increase in the rate of transcription, with no change in mRNA stability. The state of phosphorylation and amount of pRB appear to be involved in the control of HMBA-induced terminal cell division of MELC.
Investigation into the identities of circulating exosomes. (2016)

Exosomes are membrane vesicles approximately 100 nm in diameter, present in a wide range of body fluids, including blood, cerebrospinal fluid, urine and saliva. Exosomes reflect the physiological state of their cells of origin and cancer cell-derived exosomes carry pathogenic components, such as proteins, messenger RNA (mRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and DNA. Thus, exosomes in body fluids provide a rich source of potential biomarkers. However, the use of exosomes as biomarkers to improve patient care has been limited by their small size and the extensive sample preparation required for their isolation and measurement. In this review, we describe a new liquid biopsy technique designed to sensitively detect disease specific circulating exosomes. We also provide perspectives in translational medicine from the standpoint of diagnosis and therapy.
Low Fitness Cost of the Multidrug Resistance Gene cfr (2011)

The recently described rRNA methyltransferase Cfr that methylates the conserved 23S rRNA residue A2503, located in a functionally critical region of the ribosome, confers resistance to an array of ribosomal antibiotics, including linezolid. A number of reports of linezolid-resistant cfr-positive clinical strains indicate the possible rapid spread of this resistance mechanism. Since the rate of dissemination and the efficiency of maintenance of a resistance gene depend on the fitness cost associated with its acquisition, we investigated the fitness cost of cfr expression in a laboratory Staphylococcus aureus strain. We found that acquisition of the cfr gene does not produce any appreciable reduction in the cell growth rate. Only in a cogrowth competition experiment was some loss of fitness observed because Cfr-expressing cells slowly lose to the cfr-negative control strain. Interestingly, cells expressing wild-type and catalytically inactive Cfr had very similar growth characteristics, indicating that the slight fitness cost associated with cfr acquisition stems from expression of the Cfr polypeptide rather than from the modification of the conserved rRNA residue. In some clinical isolates, cfr is coexpressed with the erm gene, which encodes a methyltransferase targeting another 23S rRNA residue, A2058. Dimethylation of A2058 by Erm notably increases the fitness cost associated with the Cfr-mediated methylation of A2503. The generally low fitness cost of cfr acquisition observed in our experiments with the laboratory S. aureus strain offers a microbiological explanation for the apparent spread of the cfr gene among pathogens.
High-Temperature Erosion-Corrosion of Superheater Materials and Coatings in Chlorine-Containing Environments (2001)

A series of elevated temperature erosion and erosion-corrosion (E-C) tests were carried out on thermally sprayed coatings, diffusion coatings and boiler steels using a burner rig-type elevated temperature E-C tester. Test conditions simulated E-C conditions in the superheater section of a circulating fluidised bed combustor. The gas temperature was 850°C and the tubular samples were internally cooled with air to 550°C. Quartz sand (50-500 μm) was used as erosive media. Potassium chloride (KCl, 0.1%) was added to quartz in E-C tests. Cr3C2-NiCr HVOF coating performed better in hot erosion tests than metallic HVOF and arc-sprayed coatings. Cr- diffusion treatment improved erosion resistance of steel significantly. In E-C test the Cr3C2-NiCr HVOF and diffusion chromium coatings were destroyed and the dense, metallic HVOF coating performed best. Arc-sprayed coating and steel exhibited higher material loss.
Super-self-aligned back-gate∕double-gate planar transistors: Novel fabrication approach (2006)

This work presents a reproducible, super-self-aligned approach for fabricating back-gate∕double-gate transistors with a thin silicon channel and thick doped source∕drain polysilicon access regions. Such a device structure can lead to ultimate electrostatic control of the channel without sacrificing source∕drain series resistance in a deeply scaled field effect transistor. The approach consists of a unique combination of silicon complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor front-end processing techniques, along with wafer bonding, sidewall spacer formation (in oxide and nitride), solid-state junction diffusion, and multistage chemical mechanical polishing for wafer-level planarization. The authors further demonstrate the formation of a reliable contact at the source∕drain junction interface between doped polysilicon and the undoped silicon channel. In the design, through oxidation, the authors are able to introduce strain in the structure, as well as buried interconnects in a plane below the device. Both n-channel and p-channel devices have shown high drive currents, strong back-gate coupling, and high effective carrier mobility.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and in vitro Evaluation of 9‐Anilino‐3,6‐diaminoacridines Active Against a Multidrug‐Resistant Strain of the Malaria Parasite Plasmodium falciparum. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: EPOXYANNULATION. 4. REACTIONS OF 1,5‐, 1,6‐, AND 1,7‐OXOSULFONIUM SALTS (1983)

Abstract Aus dem Acetessigsäuremethylester (I) erhält man mit den Halogensulfiden (II) die Substitutionsprodukte (III), die zu (IV) verseift und decarboxyliert werden.
Itch suppression in mice and dogs by modulation of spinal alpha 2 and alpha 3GABA(A) receptors (2018)

ISSN:2041-1723
A scalable demand and renewable energy forecasting system for distribution grids (2016)

Managing a reliable, renewable, and affordable power grid is a challenging task because the mix of power generating and consuming devices connected to the network continues to change. Improved forecasts help network operators respond to these changes and make data-driven decisions regarding, e.g., demand response and market operations. A system producing short-term energy forecasts of demand and renewable generation at multiple aggregation levels across the service territory of a distribution utility is presented. The system automates the process of ingesting and curating large amounts of data from multiple sources, such as high-resolution weather forecasts, SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) data and, smart meter data. This results in a richer and higher-quality data set which improves accuracy for residual demand forecasts because it enables the use of real-time data and the creation of detailed models for solar energy generation. Results of an operational deployment of the system on the service territory covered by the largest electric distribution utility in Vermont, Green Mountain Power, are presented.
Error Detection and Correction in Microprocessor Core and Memory Due to Fast Dynamic Voltage Droops (2011)

Built-in resiliency features enable a microprocessor to detect and correct errors due to fast dynamic voltage droop events as well as other types of dynamic variations. Timing errors in the microprocessor core as well as read (RD) and write (WR) errors in the 8T SRAM based cache can be detected. As a result, guardbands added for these variations are reduced or eliminated, improving performance and reducing power consumption. Measurements on a 45 nm research microprocessor core demonstrate 41% improvement in throughput or 22% reduction in energy at 0.8 V. Measurements on the cache demonstrate reduction of the minimum operating Vcc (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">MIN</sub> ) by 9% thereby resulting in a 7.5% reduction of net operating power.
Signal Processing Advances in Wireless and Mobile Communications, Volume 2: Trends in Single- and Multi-User Systems (2000)

From the Publisher:

Blind synchronization with single- and multi-sensor arrays
Space-time transmit-receive diversity combining systems
New physical layer solutions for CDMA and multicarrier systems
For every engineering professional involved with signal processing for advanced communications 


Key advances in signal processing for single-user and multi-user systems. 

Signal Processing Advances in Communication, Volume II is the second in a two-volume set that introduces important recent advances in signal processing (SP) tools for wireless and mobile communications, and bringing together contributions by leaders in the field worldwide. This two-volume set covers an exceptionally wide range of technologies and methodologies, including noise and interference cancellation, modem design, mobile Internet services, next-generation audio/video broadcasting, cellular telephony, and wireless multimedia networks. 

Volume II focuses on single- and multi-user communication systems, presenting an exceptionally wide range of today's best work on topics such as: 

Blind synchronization with single- and multi-sensor arrays
Space-time transmit-receive diversity combining systems
Time-varying channel modeling
Signal separation with constant modulus constraints 
Parallel factor analysis tools
New methods for canceling multiuser interference and mitigating multipath effects in CDMA and multicarrier systems at the physical layer
Key signal processing issues at the network layer


This book brings together research previously scattered across multiplejournals worldwide, delivering an unprecedented collection of advanced SP techniques for practicing engineers, researchers, managers, and any professional involved with designing or building state-of-the-art single- or multi-user communications systems.
Model of point-of-use plasma abatement of perfluorinated compounds with an inductively coupled plasma (1999)

Point-of-use plasma abatement (PPA) has been proposed as one way to eliminate perfluorinated compound (PFC) emission from various tools used in integrated circuit manufacturing. PPA employs a high density plasma between the process tool turbomolecular pump and the backing pump. Oxygen is added to the process tool effluent upstream of the PPA tool. The mixture of oxygen and PFC-containing tool effluent enters the PPA tool and the PFCs are converted to products that can be scrubbed downstream of the backing pump. In this article, we present a model for the PPA tool operation, illustrating the principles with a mixture of C2F6/O2. A plasma model is coupled to a neutral transport and reaction model, including electron-impact molecular dissociation and subsequent gas phase chemistry.
Muon reconstruction and identification efficiency in ATLAS using the full Run 2 pp collision data set at $$\sqrt{s}=13$$ TeV (2021)

Abstract This article documents the muon reconstruction and identification efficiency obtained by the ATLAS experiment for 139 $$\hbox {fb}^{-1}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msup><mml:mtext>fb</mml:mtext><mml:mrow><mml:mo>-</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:math> of pp collision data at $$\sqrt{s}=13$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msqrt><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:msqrt><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>13</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math> TeV collected between 2015 and 2018 during Run 2 of the LHC. The increased instantaneous luminosity delivered by the LHC over this period required a reoptimisation of the criteria for the identification of prompt muons. Improved and newly developed algorithms were deployed to preserve high muon identification efficiency with a low misidentification rate and good momentum resolution. The availability of large samples of $$Z\rightarrow \mu \mu $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Z</mml:mi><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:mi>μ</mml:mi><mml:mi>μ</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math> and $$J/\psi \rightarrow \mu \mu $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>J</mml:mi><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mi>ψ</mml:mi><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:mi>μ</mml:mi><mml:mi>μ</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math> decays, and the minimisation of systematic uncertainties, allows the efficiencies of criteria for muon identification, primary vertex association, and isolation to be measured with an accuracy at the per-mille level in the bulk of the phase space, and up to the percent level in complex kinematic configurations. Excellent performance is achieved over a range of transverse momenta from 3 GeV to several hundred GeV, and across the full muon detector acceptance of $$|\eta |&lt;2.7$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>|</mml:mo><mml:mi>η</mml:mi><mml:mo>|</mml:mo><mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo><mml:mn>2.7</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math> .
Inactivation of pRB-Related Proteins p130 and p107 Mediated by the J Domain of Simian Virus 40 Large T Antigen (1997)

Inactivation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein (pRB) contributes to tumorigenesis in a wide variety of cancers. In contrast, the role of the two pRB-related proteins, p130 and p107, in oncogenic transformation is unclear. The LXCXE domain of simian virus 40 large T antigen (TAg) specifically binds to pRB, p107, and p130. We have previously shown that the N terminus and the LXCXE domain of TAg cooperate to alter the phosphorylation state of p130 and p107. Here, we demonstrate that TAg promotes the degradation of p130 and that the N terminus of TAg is required for this activity. The N terminus of TAg has homology to the J domain of the DnaJ family of molecular chaperone proteins. Mutants with mutations in the J-domain homology region of TAg are defective for altering p130 and p107 phosphorylation and for p130 degradation. A heterologous J-domain from a human DnaJ protein can functionally substitute for the N terminus of TAg in the effect on p107 and p130 phosphorylation and p130 stability. We further demonstrate that the J-domain homology region of TAg confers a growth advantage to wild-type mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) but is dispensable in the case of MEFs lacking both p130 and p107. This indicates that p107 and p130 have overlapping growth-suppressing activities whose inactivation is mediated by the J domain of TAg.
Novel high speed integrated optoelectronic logic module suitable for parallel computing (1990)

A combination of parallelism and high speed would be an optimal approach to high performance optical computer architecture. In view of the recent development of a potentially very fast 2-D array of surface emitting lasers, there is a latent demand for a parallelly addressable optoelectronic logic circuit with a high repetition rate. We discuss the trial design of a novel configuration of integrated optoelectronic logic composed of MSM photodiodes (PDs) based on GaAs IC technology.
Abstract CN07-04: RNAi in the treatment and epigenetics of cancer (2010)

Abstract RNA interference is a broad term used to describe several different mechanisms for regulation of gene expression mediated by small RNAs. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) trigger sequence specific cleavage of mRNAs via fully complementary base pairing, resulting in cleavage and subsequent total degradation of the targeted transcript. Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are the guides for triggering translational inhibition of gene expression via partially complementary pairing to the 3′ UTRs of target transcripts. Small RNAs can also modulate gene expression via directing chromatin remodeling, resulting in heterochromatin formation and silencing of transcription. Each of these mechanisms has important implications for the prevention and diagnosis of cancer. SiRNAs are not commonly found in mammalian cells, but may be present during gametogenesis to control retroposon movement. The functional consequences of aberrations in the production and functioning of siRNAs could lead to genomic rearrangements and other chromosome abnormalities. MiRNAs have been shown to be important micro-managers of gene expression, and a single miRNA can repress translation of upwards of two hundred different proteins. MiRNA profiling has shown that aberrant expression of these micro-managers can be diagnostic and prognostic for several different cancers. Given the importance of miRNAs in controlling cell fates and ultimately progression to cancer, it is important to understand what types of aberrations can affect their function. Micro RNAs are produced via a two step processing reaction involving two different RNAse III family members (Drosha and Dicer) and their cofactors. Perturbations of either of these processing steps can alter the amount and even the final processed sequence of miRNAs. The first part of this presentation will focus on naturally occurring point mutations identified in X-linked miRNA genes and the consequences of these mutations on miRNA function. Point mutations in miRNA precursors as well as mature sequences can lead to altered miRNA function and could have a profound effect on regulation of the translation of both targeted and non-targeted mRNAs. Small RNAs that can modulate chromatin structure also present a possible tool for cancer prevention. Two examples of small RNAs modulating chromatin structure will be presented. The first example is the use of promoter targeting siRNAs to silence an important tumor suppressor, RASFF1A. The second example illustrates how an endogenous microRNA targeting a promoter region can modulate expression of an essential RNA Polymerase 3 subunit. The last part of this presentation will focus on some strategies for delivering siRNAs or miRNAs in a targeted fashion to modulate expression of genes. These strategies could be useful in cancer prevention and as cancer treatments. Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2010;3(1 Suppl):CN07-04.
PREFACE (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO BOOKPREVPrefaceNEXTPREFACEROBERT K. GRASSELLIROBERT K. GRASSELLIThe Standard Oil Company (Ohio) Cleveland, OH 44128More by ROBERT K. GRASSELLI and JAMES F. BRAZDILJAMES F. BRAZDILThe Standard Oil Company (Ohio) Cleveland, OH 44128More by JAMES F. BRAZDILDOI: 10.1021/bk-1985-0279.pr001 This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MorePublication Date (Print):June 13, 1985Publication History Published online23 July 2009Published inprint 13 June 1985Request reuse permissions Copyright © 1985 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Solid State Chemistry in Catalysispp ix-xACS Symposium SeriesVol. 279ISBN13: 9780841209152eISBN: 9780841211100Chapter Views124Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSChapter Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (224 KB) Get e-Alerts
Central carbon metabolism ofSaccharomyces cerevisiaein anaerobic, oxygen-limited and fully aerobic steady-state conditions and following a shift to anaerobic conditions (2007)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae CEN.PK113-1A was grown in glucose-limited chemostat culture with 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.8% or 20.9% O2 in the inlet gas (D=0.10 h(-1), pH 5, 30 degrees C) to determine the effects of oxygen on 17 metabolites and 69 genes related to central carbon metabolism. The concentrations of tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) metabolites and all glycolytic metabolites except 2-phosphoglycerate+3-phosphoglycerate and phosphoenolpyruvate were higher in anaerobic than in fully aerobic conditions. Provision of only 0.5-1% O2 reduced the concentrations of most metabolites, as compared with anaerobic conditions. Transcription of most genes analyzed was reduced in 0%, 0.5% or 1.0% O2 relative to cells grown in 2.8% or 20.9% O2. Ethanol production was observed with 2.8% or less O2. After steady-state analysis in defined oxygen concentrations, the conditions were switched from aerobic to anaerobic. Metabolite and transcript levels were monitored for up to 96 h after the transition, and this showed that more than 30 h was required for the cells to fully adapt to anaerobiosis. Levels of metabolites of upper glycolysis and the TCA cycle increased following the transition to anaerobic conditions, whereas those of metabolites of lower glycolysis generally decreased. Gene regulation was more complex, with some genes showing transient upregulation or downregulation during the adaptation to anaerobic conditions.