gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Improved Approach for Performance Evaluation of the Downlink of DS-CDMA PCS Indoor Systems with Distributed Antennas (2006)

This paper studies the performance of the forward link of a DS-CDMA system with distributed antennas over indoor radio channels. The interference component caused by the same cell-site users, or interpath interference (IPI), is a dominant factor in the performance of these systems. In their analysis it is typically assumed that the probability density function (pdf) of the IPI can be approximated by the Gaussian distribution. This is called the Gaussian approximation (GA). We show that the GA for the IPI does not provide an accurate characterization of the performance of the downlink of DS-CDMA PCS indoor systems with distributed antennas. The bit error rate (BER) at the output of a practical RAKE receiver is computed using an accurate description for the pdf of the IPI. We show that when the IPI density is thus modeled, the signal to noise ratio (SNR) at the output of the combiner is well approximated by a random variable with a Weibull distribution. We also propose an analytical expression for the frame error rate (FER) of convolutional codes (CC) over slowly fading channels. Results based both on the analytical model and computer simulations for cases involving different numbers of antenna elements and different levels of interference from other cells are presented. The analytical model is shown to be highly efficient in terms of computational cost while preserving excellent accuracy. Comparison of the FER obtained by the new approach for the IPI with those obtained by the GA show that the latter method incurs considerable error when used to evaluate performance of DS-CDMA PCS indoor systems with distributed antennas.
Acute Infection and Subsequent Subclinical Reactivation of Herpes Simplex Virus 2 after Vaginal Inoculation of Rhesus Macaques (2018)

Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) is a common sexually transmitted infection with a highly variable clinical course. Many infections quickly become subclinical, with episodes of spontaneous virus reactivation. To study host-HSV-2 interactions, an animal model of subclinical HSV-2 infection is needed. In an effort to develop a relevant model, rhesus macaques (RM) were inoculated intravaginally with two or three HSV-2 strains (186, 333, and/or G) at a total dose of 1 × 10<sup>7</sup> PFU of HSV-2 per animal. Infectious HSV-2 and HSV-2 DNA were consistently shed in vaginal swabs for the first 7 to 14 days after each inoculation. Proteins associated with wound healing, innate immunity, and inflammation were significantly increased in cervical secretions immediately after HSV-2 inoculation. There was histologic evidence of acute herpesvirus pathology, including acantholysis in the squamous epithelium and ballooning degeneration of and intranuclear inclusion bodies in epithelial cells, with HSV antigen in mucosal epithelial cells and keratinocytes. Further, an intense inflammatory infiltrate was found in the cervix and vulva. Evidence of latent infection and reactivation was demonstrated by the detection of spontaneous HSV-2 shedding post-acute inoculation (10<sup>2</sup> to 10<sup>3</sup> DNA copies/swab) in 80% of RM. Further, HSV-2 DNA was detected in ganglia in most necropsied animals. HSV-2-specifc T-cell responses were detected in all animals, although antibodies to HSV-2 were detected in only 30% of the animals. Thus, HSV-2 infection of RM recapitulates many of the key features of subclinical HSV-2 infection in women but seems to be more limited, as virus shedding was undetectable more than 40 days after the last virus inoculation.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) infects nearly 500 million persons globally, with an estimated 21 million incident cases each year, making it one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs). HSV-2 is associated with increased human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) acquisition, and this risk does not decline with the use of antiherpes drugs. As initial acquisition of both HIV and HSV-2 infections is subclinical, study of the initial molecular interactions of the two agents requires an animal model. We found that HSV-2 can infect RM after vaginal inoculation, establish latency in the nervous system, and spontaneously reactivate; these features mimic some of the key features of HSV-2 infection in women. RM may provide an animal model to develop strategies to prevent HSV-2 acquisition and reactivation.
Slow intravenous infusion of PV701, an oncolytic virus: Final results of a phase I study (2004)

3037 Background: PV701 is a non-recombinant, replication-competent Newcastle disease virus that targets tumor-specific defects in the interferon antiviral response. Methods: In the present phase I study of PV701 in advanced cancer patients (pts), the IV infusion rate of the 1st dose was decreased 18-fold, i.e., administration over 3 hrs compared to the 10 min bolus used previously [JCO 2002, 20:2251]. All other doses were given over 1 hr. A 3 wk cycle included 6 doses/2wks followed by 1wk rest. Dose 1 and doses 2–6 were escalated separately. Results: 18 pts (10M:8F) were enrolled and treated for a median of 6 cycles. The 1st dose was escalated from 12 billion plaque forming units (BPFU)/m2 up to the MTD of 24 BPFU/m2 with moderate fever and asymptomatic hypotension noted. Mild-to-moderate flu-like symptoms were the most common adverse events (AEs). These were attributed to elevated levels of plasma cytokines observed and were reduced in severity compared to the previous bolus dosing study. Doses 2–6 were escalated from 24 to 120 BPFU/m2 and were well tolerated. A reduced incidence and severity of AEs occurred with this repeat dosing, even when these doses were 5-fold higher than the first dose, indicating that the desensitization previously observed following bolus dosing was similarly induced following 3-hr infusion. All pts were seronegative at baseline and developed PV701 antibodies by 2 wks post dosing. In the 18 pts, there were 5 responses (PRs: 2 colorectal, 1 melanoma; minor responses: 2 carcinoid) with a median duration of 7 months. 61% of pts (11/18) had a time-to-progression of ≥4 months (range up to 14 months). These results correlate with preclinical findings that slowing the IV infusion rate 20-fold in mice completely abrogated the lethality at the previously determined LD-100, but did not negatively affect response rate. Conclusions: The results of this phase I trial indicate that slow IV infusion of PV701 over 3 hrs was well tolerated and preliminary evidence of efficacy was observed. These observations provide important dosing information for planned Phase II clinical studies and provide an example of the translation of preclinical testing into a successful clinical study. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Wellstat Biologics Corp. Wellstat Biologics Corp. Wellstat Biologics Corp.
CMOS enabled silicon photonics for data center packet switching (2012)

A low-power high data rate optical packet switch integrating hybrid silicon Mach-Zehnder Interfer-ometer (MZI) based optical switch and 0.13µm CMOS IC for data center switching application is described. A novel truly differential transimpedance amplifier (TIA), with high-bandwidth power supply rejection ratio (PSRR), that serves as the front-end for a 2Gbps packet-header receiver is presented. The TIA achieves 55.7dB and 1.97GHz f <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3dB</inf> while consuming 3.3mW from 1.2V supply excluding 50Ω output driver. We also demonstrate a low-power optical switch driver enabled by a compact supply-regulated driver that features variable output voltage and power-boost for fast rise times. The CMOS driver chip is wirebonded to photonic IC, achieving≤5ns switching time while consuming 250µW.
An algorithm for NTRU problems and cryptanalysis of the GGH multilinear map without a low-level encoding of zero (2016)

Let $\mathbf{f}$ and $\mathbf{g}$ be polynomials of a bounded Euclidean norm in the ring $\mathbb{Z}[X]/\langle X^{n}+1\rangle$ . Given the polynomial $[\mathbf{f}/\mathbf{g}]_{q}\in \mathbb{Z}_{q}[X]/\langle X^{n}+1\rangle$ , the NTRU problem is to find $\mathbf{a},\mathbf{b}\in \mathbb{Z}[X]/\langle X^{n}+1\rangle$ with a small Euclidean norm such that $[\mathbf{a}/\mathbf{b}]_{q}=[\mathbf{f}/\mathbf{g}]_{q}$ . We propose an algorithm to solve the NTRU problem, which runs in $2^{O(\log ^{2}\unicode[STIX]{x1D706})}$ time when $\Vert \mathbf{g}\Vert ,\Vert \mathbf{f}\Vert$ , and $\Vert \mathbf{g}^{-1}\Vert$ are within some range. The main technique of our algorithm is the reduction of a problem on a field to one on a subfield. The GGH scheme, the first candidate of an (approximate) multilinear map, was recently found to be insecure by the Hu–Jia attack using low-level encodings of zero, but no polynomial-time attack was known without them. In the GGH scheme without low-level encodings of zero, our algorithm can be directly applied to attack this scheme if we have some top-level encodings of zero and a known pair of plaintext and ciphertext. Using our algorithm, we can construct a level- $0$ encoding of zero and utilize it to attack a security ground of this scheme in the quasi-polynomial time of its security parameter using the parameters suggested by Garg, Gentry and Halevi [‘Candidate multilinear maps from ideal lattices’, Advances in cryptology — EUROCRYPT 2013 (Springer, 2013) 1–17].
Performance analysis of the total least squares ESPRIT algorithm (1991)

The asymptotic distribution of the estimation error for the total least squares (TLS) version of ESPRIT is derived. The application to a uniform linear array is treated in some detail, and a generalization of ESPRIT to include row weighting is discussed. The Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) for the ESPRIT problem formulation is derived and found to coincide with the asymptotic variance of the TLS ESPRIT estimates through numerical examples. A comparison of this method to least squares ESPRIT, MUSIC, and Root-MUSIC as well as to the CRB for a calibrated array is also presented. TLS ESPRIT is found to be competitive with the other methods, and the performance is close to the calibrated CRB for many cases of practical interest. For highly correlated signals, however, the performance deviates significantly from the calibrated CRB. Simulations are included to illustrate the applicability of the theoretical results to a finite number of data.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Polyphenolic compounds from red grapes acutely improve endothelial function in patients with coronary heart disease (2005)

Polyphenolic compounds from red grapes acutely improve endothelial function in patients with coronary heart disease. These results could probably, at least partly, explain the favorable effects of red wine on the cardiovascular system.
InGaAsP/InP Membrane Gain Sections for III-V/SiNx Heterogeneous Photonic Integration (2021)

We present a fabrication process for 200 nm thick InGaAsP/InP membrane gain sections ( = 1550 nm) suitable for heterogeneous integration with SiN x PICs. The structures exhibit desired electrical performance and support lasing.
Production of Superplastic Mg Alloys Using Severe Plastic Deformation (2004)

Equal-Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) was conducted to refine grain size to the submicrometer level in three different Mg alloys having nominal compositions of Mg-0.6wt%Zr, Mg-9wt%Al and Mg-7.5wt%Al-0.2wt%Zr. It is shown that the grain refinement was successfully achieved when the alloys were subjected to extrusion prior to ECAP. Thermal stability of the fine-grained structures was examined by conducting static annealing experiment at various temperatures. Transmission electron microscopy was used for the observation of microstructures. Tensile tests were performed at elevated temperatures and it is shown that high-strain-rate and/or low-temperature superplasticity was attained in the alloys subjected to ECAP.
Characterization of polymer-based piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducers for short-range gesture recognition applications (2019)

Abstract This paper deals with the design, simulation and characterization of polymer-based piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducers (PMUT) (arrays) intended for short-range gesture recognition applications. The presented process flow is fully compatible with existing flat-panel display fabrication. Finite element models were developed for the evaluation of the frequency response, deflection and acoustic pressure output of single PMUT as a function of the membrane diameter. A laser Doppler vibrometer was used to measure the frequency response, membrane velocity and displacement, as well as mode shapes of the microfabricated PMUT in air. An optical microphone was used to measure the pressure emitted by a single PMUT at various distances along the normal axis of the oscillating membrane. A strong correlation between simulations and measurement results is shown. The device geometries most suitable for short-range gesture recognition purposes are selected and the radiation pattern of square arrays is analyzed using simulations. The resonance properties of single PMUT in an array are determined using measurements. An optimized array is used to demonstrate pulse-echo measurements, and the requirements for a simple gesture recognition platform are elucidated.
Cardboard Box Depalletizing Robot Using Two-Surface Suction and Elastic Joint Mechanisms: Mechanism Proposal and Verification (2019)

This paper proposes a new method for a depalletizing robot in distribution center to transfer cardboard boxes. Through the use of elastic joint mechanisms, the proposed method reduces the deformation and breakage of cardboard boxes as well as shifts in position and posture due to collapses of the stacks. To validate the proposed method, we developed a linear depalletizing robot that consists of a main arm that supports a vacuum suction type end effector via elastic joint mechanisms and a conveyor arm for conveying cardboard boxes. The proposed transfer method is characterized by a series of actions using the elastic joint mechanisms of the end effector to pick up and lift a cardboard box by two of its sides and then tilt and take it out of a roll box pallet on a conveyor. Tests show that the robot can successfully transfer cardboard boxes using only simple motions in spite of various changes in box position and posture, and that the new joint mechanisms operate effectively.
Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of Bifurcation Induced Passive Bandgap Reconfiguration (2015)

This paper presents a theoretical analysis and experimental validation of passively reconfigurable bandgaps in a 1D chain of oscillators. Nonlinearities in the system result in a morphing of the bandgap structure when the excitation amplitude passes a certain threshold. Specifically, an asymmetric bistability is used to achieve amplitude dependent filtering through passive bandgap reconfiguration. The experimental system consists of a 1D chain of axially aligned pendulums arranged in dimer unit cells with nearest neighbor coupling. Repulsive magnets are used to induce bistability in the pendulums. Comparisons between experiments and theory show good agreement.
Timing synchronization performance of preamble signal with orthogonal frequency multiplexed data signal in the presence of frequency offset (2014)

Wireless machine-to-machine (M2M) has been applied to a very wide area of industry and has been used for today's communication systems. Automatic control of industrial machinery is one of the applications of wireless M2M and requires high reliability and efficiency of data transmission. In order to shorten frame length, a frame format that multiplexes a data signal to the IEEE 802.11a short preamble sequence has been proposed. This paper evaluates the performance of an iterative frequency offset compensation scheme in terms of a timing synchronization probability and a bit error rate (BER). Three iterations of frequency offset compensation achieve about 0.06 improvement on the timing synchronization probability and the BER degradation is suppressed within 3dB from the theoretical BER performance.
The phased array technology-application to time reversal in acoustics (2002)

In this paper, we briefly present two particular experiments based on time-reversal of ultrasonic fields; it shows how the phased array technology can be applied to ultrasonic systems. The method has been widely tested and is robust for defect detection, target location, even in the case of complex or very noisy systems.
Optical coupling in quantum well infrared photodetector by diffraction grating (1998)

Because of the isotropic energy band structure of the Γ electrons in a GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP), normal incident radiation absorption is not possible so that the optical grating and its optimization become key requirements for such QWIPs. In this work we study the optical grating structure on top of the QWIP based on the Kirchhoff formula. It has been shown that in general, optimal optical coupling is obtained when the wavelength of the incoming radiation is comparable to the geometric sizes of the grating structure and the photodetector. For our GaAs/AlGaAs QWIP with a wavelength response around 8.0 μm, a thin uniform reflective metal film is enough to reach optimal optical coupling. The theoretical conclusions are confirmed by the fabrication of the photoconductive QWIPs of a 1×128 focal plane array which works at 80 K.
A Systematic Characterization of Aquaporin-9 Expression in Human Normal and Pathological Tissues (2016)

AQP9 is known to facilitate hepatocyte glycerol uptake. Murine AQP9 protein expression has been verified in liver, skin, epididymis, epidermis and neuronal cells using knockout mice. Further expression sites have been reported in humans. We aimed to verify AQP9 expression in a large set of human normal organs, different cancer types, rheumatoid arthritis synovial biopsies as well as in cell lines and primary cells. Combining standardized immunohistochemistry with high-throughput mRNA sequencing, we found that AQP9 expression in normal tissues was limited, with high membranous expression only in hepatocytes. In cancer tissues, AQP9 expression was mainly found in hepatocellular carcinomas, suggesting no general contribution of AQP9 to carcinogenesis. AQP9 expression in a subset of rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissue samples was affected by Humira, thereby supporting a suggested role of TNFα in AQP9 regulation in this disease. Among cell lines and primary cells, LP-1 myeloma cells expressed high levels of AQP9, whereas low expression was observed in a few other lymphoid cell lines. AQP9 mRNA and protein expression was absent in HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Overall, AQP9 expression in human tissues appears to be more selective than in mice.
Rare coding variants in 35 genes associate with circulating lipid levels—A multi-ancestry analysis of 170,000 exomes (2021)

Large-scale gene sequencing studies for complex traits have the potential to identify causal genes with therapeutic implications. We performed gene-based association testing of blood lipid levels with rare (minor allele frequency < 1%) predicted damaging coding variation by using sequence data from >170,000 individuals from multiple ancestries: 97,493 European, 30,025 South Asian, 16,507 African, 16,440 Hispanic/Latino, 10,420 East Asian, and 1,182 Samoan. We identified 35 genes associated with circulating lipid levels; some of these genes have not been previously associated with lipid levels when using rare coding variation from population-based samples. We prioritize 32 genes in array-based genome-wide association study (GWAS) loci based on aggregations of rare coding variants; three (EVI5, SH2B3, and PLIN1) had no prior association of rare coding variants with lipid levels. Most of our associated genes showed evidence of association among multiple ancestries. Finally, we observed an enrichment of gene-based associations for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol drug target genes and for genes closest to GWAS index single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Our results demonstrate that gene-based associations can be beneficial for drug target development and provide evidence that the gene closest to the array-based GWAS index SNP is often the functional gene for blood lipid levels.
A hybrid speech enhancement system employing blind source separation and adaptive noise cancellation (2004)

This paper presents a new hybrid speech enhancement scheme employing the blind source separation (BSS) and the adaptive noise cancellers (ANC). Since BSS primarily exploits spatial information, it has its limitation in its separation quality. To compensate for that, the ANC acts as a temporal decorrelator to perform further noise cancellation. Initially, the BSS separates the target signal from the interference using the L observed inputs. A higher order statistical method is then used to distinguish the speech dominant signal from the L BSS output(s). The remaining L − 1 (interference dominant) outputs will serve as the reference signals for the ANC to perform further interference reduction on the speech dominant output. The novel structure bypasses a priori information such as the array geometry and source localisation needed by conventional beamforming based methods. Results show that the structure offers impressive enhancement capability with only a few microphones.
Periostin levels in children without respiratory disease (2018)

In our sample of relatively healthy patients <2 years old, periostin levels were inversely correlated with age and not dependent on other studied variables. However, further work is needed to establish normal periostin values in young children.
Immunophenotypic analysis of peripheral blood stem cell harvests from patients with multiple myeloma. (2003)

Multiparameter immunophenotyping is a useful approach for investigating the PC compartment in apheresis products.
Partial Oxidation-Induced Electrical Conductivity and Paramagnetism in a Ni(II) Tetraaza[14]annulene-Linked Metal Organic Framework (2019)

We report the synthesis and characterization of a two-dimensional (2D) conjugated Ni(II) tetraaza[14]annulene-linked metal organic framework (<b>NiTAA-MOF</b>) where <b>NiTAA</b> is a macrocyclic MN<sub>4</sub> (M = metal, N = nitrogen) compound. The structure of <b>NiTAA-MOF</b> was elucidated by Fourier-transform infrared, X-ray photoemission, and X-ray diffraction spectroscopies, in combination with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. When chemically oxidized by iodine, the insulating bulk <b>NiTAA-MOF</b> (σ < 10<sup>-10</sup> S/cm) exhibits an electrical conductivity of 0.01 S/cm at 300 K, demonstrating the vital role of ligand oxidation in the electrical conductivity of 2D MOFs. Magnetization measurements show that iodine-doped <b>NiTAA-MOF</b> is paramagnetic with weak antiferromagnetic coupling due to the presence of organic radicals of oxidized ligands and high-spin Ni(II) sites of the missing-linker defects. In addition to providing further insights into the origin of the induced electrical conductivity in 2D MOFs, both pristine and iodine-doped <b>NiTAA-MOF</b> synthesized in this work could find potential applications in areas such as catalase mimics, catalysis, energy storage, and dynamic nuclear polarization-nuclear magnetic resonance (DNP-NMR).