gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 and Lysophospholipids in Tumor Angiogenesis (2010)

In these mouse models of brain and lung cancer, cPLA(2) and lysophospholipids have key regulatory roles in tumor angiogenesis. cPLA(2) inhibition may be a novel effective antiangiogenic therapy.
Systèmes de communications à Ultra Large Bande (2007)

Selon les normes de la FCC (Federal communications commision), un signal est considéré comme Ultra Large Bande (ULB) si la largeur de bande occupée est d’au moins 500 MHZ ou si la valeur de la bande relative est supérieure à 0.2. Par ailleurs, une communication à ULB est permise uniquement si les densités spectrales sont respectés durant l'émission.
Validity of the Parabolic Effective Mass Approximation in Silicon and Germanium n-MOSFETs With Different Crystal Orientations (2007)

This paper investigates the validity of the parabolic effective mass approximation (EMA), which is almost universally used to describe the size and bias-induced quantization in n-MOSFETs. In particular, we compare the EMA results with a full-band quantization approach based on the linear combination of bulk bands (LCBB) and study the most relevant quantities for the modeling of the mobility and of the on-current of the devices, namely, the minima of the 2-D subbands, the transport masses, and the electron density of states. Our study deals with both silicon and germanium n-MOSFETs with different crystal orientations and shows that, in most cases, the validity of the EMA is quite satisfactory. The LCBB approach is then used to calculate the values of the effective masses that help improve the EMA accuracy. There are crystal orientations, however, where the 2-D energy dispersion obtained by the LCBB method exhibits features that are difficult to reproduce with the EMA model.
Cache-and-query for wide area sensor databases (2003)

Webcams, microphones, pressure gauges and other sensors provide exciting new opportunities for querying and monitoring the physical world. In this paper we focus on querying wide area sensor databases, containing (XML) data derived from sensors spread over tens to thousands of miles. We present the first scalable system for executing XPATH queries on such databases. The system maintains the logical view of the data as a single XML document, while physically the data is fragmented across any number of host nodes. For scalability, sensor data is stored close to the sensors, but can be cached elsewhere as dictated by the queries. Our design enables self starting distributed queries that jump directly to the lowest common ancestor of the query result, dramatically reducing query response times. We present a novel query-evaluate gather technique (using XSLT) for detecting (1) which data in a local database fragment is part of the query result, and (2) how to gather the missing parts. We define partitioning and cache invariants that ensure that even partial matches on cached data are exploited and that correct answers are returned, despite our dynamic query-driven caching. Experimental results demonstrate that our techniques dramatically increase query throughputs and decrease query response times in wide area sensor databases.
Sparsity and Structure in Hyperspectral Imaging : Sensing, Reconstruction, and Target Detection (2013)

Hyperspectral imaging is a powerful technology for remotely inferring the material properties of the objects in a scene of interest. Hyperspectral images consist of spatial maps of light intensity variation across a large number of spectral bands or wavelengths; alternatively, they can be thought of as a measurement of the spectrum of light transmitted or reflected from each spatial location in a scene. Because chemical elements have unique spectral signatures, observing the spectra at a high spatial and spectral resolution provides information about the material properties of the scene with much more accuracy than is possible with conventional three-color images. As a result, hyperspectral imaging is used in a variety of important applications, including remote sensing, astronomical imaging, and fluorescence microscopy.
RAIL: A Case for Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Links in Data Center Networks. (2017)

While there are many proposals to reduce the cost of data center networks (DCN), little attention has been paid to the role played by the physical links that carry packets. By studying over 300K optical links across many production DCNs, we show that these links are operating quite conservatively relative to the requirements in the IEEE standards. Motivated by this observation, to reduce DCN costs, we propose using transceivers—a key contributor to DCN cost—beyond their currently specified limit. Our experiments with multiple commodity transceivers show that their reach can be “stretched” 1.6 to 4 times their specification. However, with stretching, the performance of 1–5% of the DCN paths can fall below the IEEE standard. We develop RAIL, a system to ensure that in such a network, applications only use paths that meet their performance needs. Our proposal can reduce the network cost by up to 10% for 10Gbps networks and 44% for 40Gbps networks, without affecting the applications’ performance.
Efficacy Results of a 52-week Trial of Adalimumab in the Treatment of Refractory Sarcoidosis. (2014)

In this small, open-label study, adalimumab improved refractory pulmonary sarcoidosis and was well tolerated (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00311246).
Spectroscopic Characterization and Langmuir−Blodgett Films of a Novel Azopolymer Material (2007)

Spectroscopic characterization and fabrication of Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of an azopolymer-pyridine (PAzPy) are reported. UV-visible absorption and fluorescence spectra, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, and Raman spectra were recorded. The vibrational assignment of the observed spectra is supported by a complete geometry optimization, followed by vibrational frequency and intensity computations of both the trans and cis forms of the monomer (AzPy) using density functional theory at the B3LYP 6-31G(d,p) level of theory. Langmuir monolayers of the polymer (PAzPy) were formed at the water-air interface, and LB films of high quality were formed onto solid substrates. The polymer LB films were investigated by surface-enhanced Raman scattering.
Short Communication: Comparison of Covered and Uncovered Schreiber Test for Cheese Meltability Evaluation (2005)

Schreiber meltability tests were performed on glass Petri dishes, with and without the Petri dish cover placed over the cheese samples, at 100, 150, and 232 degrees C. Meltability of different process cheese and Cheddar cheese samples was determined based on the melt spread distance and area. At the test temperature of 232 degrees C, the covered Schreiber was significantly superior to the uncovered test because of no crust formation, no browning, and a circular melting pattern, which were attributed to the barrier effect of covering the cheese samples (which inhibits moisture loss during the test). The covered Schreiber test data were statistically more robust as measured by the lower average coefficient of variation than the data from the traditional uncovered Schreiber test.
DNA damaging agent-based antibody-drug conjugates for cancer therapy (2018)

Currently, four antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are approved by the Food and Drug Administration or the European Medicine Agency to treat cancer patients. More than 60 ADCs are in clinical development for cancer therapy. More than 60% of ADCs in clinical trials employ microtubule inhibitors as their payloads. A better understanding of payloads other than microtubule inhibitors, especially DNA-damaging agents, is important for further development of ADCs. In this review, we highlight an emerging trend of using DNA-damaging agents as payloads for ADCs. This review summarizes recent advances in our understanding gained from ongoing clinical studies; it will help to define the utility of DNA-damaging payloads for ADCs as cancer therapeutics. Future directions of the development of ADCs are also discussed, focusing on targeting drug resistance and combination treatment with immunotherapy.
Concurrent human antibody and T H 1 type T-cell responses elicited by a COVID-19 RNA vaccine (2020)

An effective vaccine is needed to halt the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Recently, we reported safety, tolerability and antibody response data from an ongoing placebo-controlled, observer-blinded phase 1/2 COVID-19 vaccine trial with BNT162b1, a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulated nucleoside-modified messenger RNA encoding the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Here we present antibody and T cell responses after BNT162b1 vaccination from a second, non-randomized open-label phase 1/2 trial in healthy adults, 18-55 years of age. Two doses of 1 to 50 µg of BNT162b1 elicited robust CD4 + and CD8 + T cell responses and strong antibody responses, with RBD-binding IgG concentrations clearly above those in a COVID-19 convalescent human serum panel (HCS). Day 43 SARS-CoV-2 serum neutralising geometric mean titers were 0.7-fold (1 µg) to 3.5-fold (50 µg) those of HCS. Immune sera broadly neutralised pseudoviruses with diverse SARS-CoV-2 spike variants. Most participants had T H 1 skewed T cell immune responses with RBD-specific CD8 + and CD4 + T cell expansion. Interferon (IFN)γ was produced by a high fraction of RBD-specific CD8 + and CD4 + T cells. The robust RBD-specific antibody, T-cell and favourable cytokine responses induced by the BNT162b1 mRNA vaccine suggest multiple beneficial mechanisms with potential to protect against COVID-19.
[Development of a vaccine for treatment of urinary tract infections]. (1999)

Receiving uroinfections are predominantly treated with antibiotics and chemotherapeutics. An effective alternative treatment can be immunotherapy with inactivated bacteria. The authors have focused on the development of polybacterial vaccine with both specific and nonspecific immunostimulatory activity. The vaccine contains killed bacteria which most frequently occur as an etiological agent in urinary tract infections. Determining for the selection of particular strains for the vaccine preparation were their immunostimulatory properties evaluated after intraperitoneal application of killed cells to mice. The results were evaluated according to weight gain of liver and spleen and verified by histological examination of these organs. The final form of the vaccine URVAKOL contains immunogenically most active strains of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis, representing specific effective part of the preparation, adjuvant activity is provided by Propionibacterium acnes. (Tab. 1, Fig. 2, Ref. 27.)
Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (2002)

It has been 7 years since serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) and microarray hybridization techniques were simultaneously introduced to allow the screening of thousands of expressed genes. Both techniques have stood up to the test of time as evidenced by their widespread use, and both have been used for studying cardiovascular diseases. SAGE has been used more extensively to study cancer cells, but it has also been used to examine gene expression in systems as divergent as rice seedlings, yeast, and Caenorhabditis elegans. In this review, a summary of the advances in SAGE technology and its unique attributes and potential applications to the cardiovascular system will be presented.
Efficient Enantioselective Synthesis of Piperidines through Catalytic Asymmetric Ring‐Opening/Cross‐Metathesis Reactions (2007)

Mo ist besser! Chirale Mo-Komplexe unterstützen hocheffiziente asymmetrische Ringöffnungs/Kreuzmetathesereaktionen, die mit hoher E/Z-Selektivität und Enantiomerenreinheit funktionalisierte Piperidine liefern (ein Beispiel ist gezeigt; TBS=tert-Butyldimethylsilyl). In den meisten Fällen sind Ru-Katalysatoren ineffektiv.
Physical Modeling and Scaling Properties of 4H-SiC Power Devices (2005)

4H silicon carbide (4H-SiC) has great potential for use as a material for power devices owing to its superior electrical properties. The distinctive feature of 4H-SiC is the high avalanche breakdown field and its anisotropy. In order to realize 4H-SiC power devices that make the best use of the excellent physical properties, device simulation, considering anisotropic physical properties is indispensable. This paper reports on the modeling of anisotropic impact ionization coefficients for device simulation, and the effect of anisotropic impact ionization coefficients on the avalanche breakdown of 4H-SiC power devices. We show that the avalanche breakdown voltage is degraded due to the anisotropy of impact ionization coefficients, which is caused by the lateral field at the termination structure. In addition, we precisely evaluate the effect of the high avalanche breakdown field of 4H-SiC on the performance of power devices. Scaling theory is applied for the design of power devices. A new figure of merit (HFOM) is derived as an invariant of scale transformation, which is a function of avalanche breakdown field and regarded as a measure of the performance of the power device.
Deep Learning-Based Massive MIMO CSI Acquisition for 5G Evolution and 6G (2022)

Channel state information (CSI) acquisition at the transmitter side is a major challenge in massive MIMO systems for enabling high-efficiency transmissions. To address this issue, various CSI feedback schemes have been proposed, including limited feedback schemes with codebook-based vector quantization and explicit channel matrix feedback. Owing to the limitations of feedback channel capacity, a common issue in these schemes is the efficient representation of the CSI with a limited number of bits at the receiver side, and its accurate reconstruction based on the feedback bits from the receiver at the transmitter side. Recently, inspired by successful applications in many fields, deep learning (DL) technologies for CSI acquisition have received considerable research interest from both academia and industry. Considering the practical feedback mechanism of 5th generation (5G) New radio (NR) networks, we propose two implementation schemes for artificial intelligence for CSI (AI4CSI), the DL-based receiver and end-to-end design, respectively. The proposed AI4CSI schemes were evaluated in 5G NR networks in terms of spectrum efficiency (SE), feedback overhead, and computational complexity, and compared with legacy schemes. To demonstrate whether these schemes can be used in real-life scenarios, both the modeled-based channel data and practically measured channels were used in our investigations. When DL-based CSI acquisition is applied to the receiver only, which has little air interface impact, it provides approximately 25% SE gain at a moderate feedback overhead level. It is feasible to deploy it in current 5G networks during 5G evolutions. For the end-to-end DL-based CSI enhancements, the evaluations also demonstrated their additional performance gain on SE, which is 6%-26% compared with DL-based receivers and 33%-58% compared with legacy CSI schemes. Considering its large impact on air-interface design, it will be a candidate technology for 6th generation (6G) networks, in which an air interface designed by artificial intelligence can be used.
Enhancement of minority carrier injection in ambipolar carbon nanotube transistors using double-gate structures (2016)

We show that double-gate ambipolar thin-film transistors can be operated to enhance minority carrier injection. The two gate potentials need to be significantly different for enhanced injection to be observed. This enhancement is highly beneficial in devices such as light-emitting transistors where balanced electron and hole injections lead to optimal performance. With ambipolar single-walled carbon nanotube semiconductors, we demonstrate that higher ambipolar currents are attained at lower source-drain voltages, which is desired for portable electronic applications, by employing double-gate structures. In addition, when the two gates are held at the same potential, the expected advantages of the double-gate transistors such as enhanced on-current are also observed.
Reduction in the duration of myelotoxicity associated with radioimmunotherapy with infusions of the hemoregulatory peptide, HP5b in mice (1997)

The hemoregulatory peptide, pGlu-Glu-Asp-Cys-Lys (pEEDCK or HP5b), has been shown to reversibly inhibit the proliferation of bone-marrow progenitor cells, and has been reported to protect mice from the myelotoxicity associated with ara-C, a chemotherapeutic agent. We undertook to use this reagent to reduce radioimmunotherapy(RAIT)-associated bone-marrow toxicity by suppressing hematopoiesis during the critical period when bone marrow is exposed to radiation. The reported studies optimize the use of HP5b to reduce the duration of neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. We found that 3.6 μg/day of HP5b administered through a continuous 7d mini-osmotic pump, together with a bolus dose of 3.6 μg 3 hours before the radioantibody dose, gave the best effect, as measured by neutrophil counts on day 28 post RAIT. With sub-lethal doses of RAIT, the period of neutropenia was reduced by 2 weeks, and there appeared to be more rapid recovery of morphologically mature myeloid cells. The peptide, however, does not appear to alleviate the lymphotoxicity associated with RAIT. No adverse effects have been noted from continuous infusions of the peptide. In the past, we reported that cytokines (IL-1/GM-CSF) are not marrow-restorative when given after RAIT. However, an additive effect is observed when HP5b infusions are combined with post-RAIT cytokine administration, suggesting that a significant pool of bone-marrow progeniter cells remains when HP5b is co-administered with RAIT. Thus, HP5b is an alternate approach to reducing myelotoxicity, and may be used in combination with cytokines to further reduce the duration of myelosuppression. Int. J. Cancer, 70:323–329, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Incremental Structural Modeling Based on Geometric and Statistical Analyses (2018)

Finding high-level semantic information from a point cloud is a challenging task, and it can be used in various applications. For instance, it is useful to compactly represent the scene structure and efficiently understand the scene context. This task is even more challenging when using a hand-held monocular visual SLAM system that outputs a noisy sparse point cloud. In order to tackle this issue, we propose an incremental primitive modeling method using both geometric and statistical analyses for such point cloud. The main idea is to select only reliably-modeled shapes by analyzing the geometric relationship between the point cloud and the estimated shapes. Besides that, a statistical evaluation is incorporated to filter wrongly-detected primitives in a noisy point cloud. As a result of this processing, our approach largely improved precision when compared with state of the art methods. We also show the impact of segmenting and representing a scene using primitives instead of a point cloud.
Microtubule-Severing Activity of Shigella Is Pivotal for Intercellular Spreading (2006)

Some pathogenic bacteria actually invade the cytoplasm of their target host cells. Invasive bacteria acquire the propulsive force to move by recruiting actin and inducing its polymerization. Here we show that Shigella movement within the cytoplasm was severely hindered by microtubules and that the bacteria destroyed surrounding microtubules by secreting VirA by means of the type III secretion system. Degradation of microtubules by VirA was dependent on its alpha-tubulin-specific cysteine protease-like activity. virA mutants did not move within the host cytoplasm and failed to move into adjacent cells.
High‐yield controlled syntheses of polysilanes by the Wurtz‐type reductive coupling reaction (2005)

Abstract The factors that determine the Wurtz‐type reductive coupling of dichloroorganosilanes by alkali metals are reviewed. A strong recommendation is advanced for carrying out all such polysilane syntheses in tetrahydrofuran at ambient temperature, conditions under which the reaction gives far higher yields and generally much narrower product molecular weight distributions. The higher yields are attributed to the ability of the solvent to sequester the sodium ion and thereby stabilize the anionic chain carriers. The bimodal molecular weight distributions of the product polymers, which are ubiquitous when such reactions are carried out in high‐boiling‐point aromatic solvents under reflux, as is common practice, are attributed to it being a defect‐diffusion‐controlled polymerization at the alkali metal surface. The narrower molecular weight distributions that result from syntheses in tetrahydrofuran are attributed to the suppression of defect diffusion rates at lower temperatures. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
dPool : a distributed data structure for factoredoperating systems; Distributed data structure for factored operatingsystems (2012)

Future computer architectures will likely exhibit
increased parallelism through the addition of more processor cores.
Architectural trends such as exponentially increasing parallelism
and the possible lack of scalable shared memory motivate the
reevaluation of operating system design. This thesis work takes
place in the context of Factored Operating Systems which leverage
distributed system ideas to increase the scalability of multicore
processor operating systems. fos, a Factored Operating System,
explores a new design point for operating systems where traditional
low-level operating system services are fine-grain parallelized
while internally only using explicit message passing for
communication. fos factors an operating system first by system
service and then further parallelizes inside of the system service
by splitting the service into a fleet of server processes which
communicate via messaging. Constructing parallel low-level
operating system services which only internally use messaging is
challenging because shared resources must be partitioned across
servers and the services must provide scalable performance when met
with uneven demand. To ease the construction of parallel fos system
services, this thesis develops the dPool distributed data
structure. The dPool data structure provides concurrent access to
an unordered collection of elements by server processes within a
fos fleet. Internal to a single dPool instance, all communication
between different portions of a dPool is done via messaging. This
thesis uses the dPool data structure within the parallel fos
Physical Memory Allocation fleet and demonstrates that it is
possible to use a dPool to manage shared state in a factored
operating system's physical page allocator. This thesis begins by
presenting the design of the prototype fos operating system. In the
context of fos system service fleets, this thesis describes the
dPool data structure, its design, different implementations, and
interfaces. The dPool data structure is shown to achieve
scalability across even and uneven micro-benchmark workloads. This
thesis shows that common parallel and distributed programming
techniques apply to the creation of dPool and that background
threads within a dPool can increase performance. Finally, this
thesis evaluates different dPool implementations and demonstrates
that intelligently pushing elements between dPool parts can
increase scalability.