gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Message from the Editors to our Reviewers (2016)

Submissions to the journal are increasing steadily. During the 6-month interval from October 1, 2015, through March 31, 2016, Neurology® received 2,608 new and 608 revised manuscripts (compared to 2,476 new and 600 revised manuscripts during this same period in 2014-2015). We received 4,344 peer reviews (compared to 4,264 during the same period in 2014-2015) for these papers. We can only accept a minority of the manuscripts submitted to us, as we are limited in the number of pages we can publish, and must often make extremely difficult decisions regarding which articles we believe will most benefit readers and improve patient care. You, our reviewers, make these decisions much easier when you make specific comments regarding uniqueness of study populations, novel methods, studies that are especially educational, or new strategies for diagnosing and treating neurologic disease. In addition, the constructive feedback for authors of manuscripts submitted to the Resident and Fellow Section of Neurology is especially helpful to junior authors in improving their clinical and scientific writing abilities. Our gratitude for your dedication to reviewing for Neurology cannot be adequately conveyed.
Detection of Process Failures in Layerwise Laser Melting with Optical Process Monitoring (2012)

Layerwise Laser Melting (LLM) is an Additive Manufacturing process which allows producing complex metallic parts by building parts layer by layer. Monitoring and control of the melting process is needed for further development of the process and future adoption of the process by industry since it allows to monitor the quality of the building process during the actual build job. Furthermore, melt pool monitoring enables a better and more fundamental understanding of the thermal behavior of the process. This paper describes a system for monitoring of the melt pool during LLM and a data processing algorithm to map the measured melt pool data in space. With this so called mapping approach the data interpretation can be significantly reduced. It will be shown that with this system a wide range of process failures can be detected during the process.
Materials and Processing of Lithium-Ion Battery Cathodes (2023)

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) dominate the market of rechargeable power sources. To meet the increasing market demands, technology updates focus on advanced battery materials, especially cathodes, the most important component in LIBs. In this review, we provide an overview of the development of materials and processing technologies for cathodes from both academic and industrial perspectives. We briefly compared the fundamentals of cathode materials based on intercalation and conversion chemistries. We then discussed the processing of cathodes, with specific focuses on the mechanisms of a drying process and the role of the binders. Several key parameters for the development of thick electrodes were critically assessed, which may offer insights into the design of next-generation batteries.
Electro-Spinning of Submicron Polymer Fibers From Poly(tetrahydroperfluorooctyl acrylate-r-methyl methyl methacrylate) Copolymers (2001)

Electro-spinning is a process by which sub-micron polymer fibers can be produced with an electrostatically driven jet of polymer solution (or polymer melt). Electro-spun textiles are of interest in a wide variety of applications including semi-permeable membranes, filters, composite applications, and as scaffolding for tissue engineering. The goal of the research presented here is to demonstrate that it is possible to produce sub-micron fibers with a specific surface chemistry through electro-spinning. This has been accomplished by electro-spinning a series of random copolymers of poly(methyl methacrylate (random) tetrahyrdroperflourooctyl acrylate (PMMA-r- TAN) from a mixed solvent of toluene and dimethyl formamlde. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XFS) analysis shows that the atomic percentage of fluorine in the near surface region of the electro- spun fibers is about double the atomic percentage of fluorine found in a bulk sample of the random copolymer, as determined by elemental analysis. These results are in good agreement with XPS and water contact angle results obtained from thin films of the same copolymer materials.
3.3 V, novel circuit techniques for a 2.8-million-transistor BiCMOS RISC processor (2002)

3.3-V, high-speed circuit techniques, including a 0.6-ns single-ended common-base sense circuit, a 0.5-ns 22-b comparator circuit, and a 0.7-ns 3-input adder circuit, are applied to a 2.8-million-transistor RISC (reduced instruction set computer) microprocessor. The processor is implemented in a 0.5-/spl mu/m BiCMOS 3.3-V 4-metal-layer technology. The chip includes a 240-MFLOPS (million floating point operations per second) double-precision floating-point unit and a 24-kByte cache, and dissipates 17 W at 120 MHz.
Spiking Neural Network Equalization for IM/DD Optical Communication (2022)

A spiking neural network (SNN) equalizer model suitable for electronic neuromorphic hardware is designed for an IM/DD link. The SNN achieves the same bit-error-rate as an artificial neural network, outperforming linear equalization.
Shock load mitigation using magnetorheological energy absorber with bifold valves (2007)

Magnetorheological energy absorbers (MREAs) have been identified as a candidate for tunable impact energy absorber applications, meaning those in which a high shock load is applied during a short time period. In this study, we focused on the theoretical analysis, design and laboratory implementation of a compact high force MREA for shock and impact loads. This study included the design and fabrication of a flow-mode bifold MREA (magnetorheological energy absorber) that operates under piston velocities up to 6.71 m/s and the development of a hydro-mechanical analysis to predict MREA performance. Experiments were conducted both in the laboratories at UMCP (sinusoidal excitation) and at GM R&D (drop tower tests), and these data were used to validate the analysis. The hydro-mechanical model for the MREA was derived by considering lumped hydraulic parameters which are compliances of MR fluids inside the cylinder and flow resistance through the MR bifold valves. The force behavior predicted by the hydro-mechanical analysis was simulated for two classes of inputs: sinusoidal displacement inputs, and shock loads using a drop tower. At UMCP, sinusoidal inputs ranging up to 12 Hz with an amplitude of 12.7 mm were used to excite the MREA using three different MR fluids, each having an iron volume fraction of nominally 35%, 40% and 45%. Subsequently, drop tower tests were conducted at GM R&D by measuring MREA performance resulting from the impact of a 45.5 kg (100 lb) mass dropped onto the MREA shaft at speeds of 1, 2 and 3 m/s. Comparison of the simulations with experimental data demonstrated the utility of the hydro-mechanical model to accurately predict MREA behavior for the specified ranges of sinusoidal and shock classes of inputs.
Microstrip antenna array for mobile satellite communications (1992)

A novel array using microstrip elements for mobile satellite communications is presented. The cylindrical patch array consists of 18 circularly polarized microstrip patches, arranged around an inclined cylinder. The radiation elements were modified to reduce their resonant size, thus allowing for a compact array. A high-gain beam was achieved. It was electronically steered in azimuth for satellite tracking. A 10 dBic gain was achieved over elevation angles from 10 degrees to 50 degrees for a bandwidth of 1530 to 1660.5 MHz, ideal for mobile satellite coverage in Canada.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
On Achieving Diversity in the Presence of Outliers in Participatory Camera Sensor Networks (2012)

This paper addresses the problem of collection and&#13;\ndelivery of a representative subset of pictures, in participatory camera networks, to maximize coverage when a significant portion of the pictures may be redundant or irrelevant. Consider, for example, a rescue mission where volunteers and survivors of a large-scale disaster scout a wide area to capture pictures of&#13;\ndamage in distressed neighborhoods, using handheld cameras, and report them to a rescue station. In this participatory camera network, a significant amount of pictures may be redundant (i.e., similar pictures may be reported by many) or irrelevant (i.e., may&#13;\nnot document an event of interest). Given this pool of pictures, we aim to build a protocol to store and deliver a smaller subset of pictures, among all those taken, that minimizes redundancy and eliminates irrelevant objects and outliers. While previous work addressed removal of redundancy alone, doing so in the presence of outliers is tricky, because outliers, by their very nature, are different from other objects, causing redundancy minimizing algorithms to favor their inclusion, which is at odds with the goal of finding a representative subset. To eliminate both outliers and redundancy at the same time, two seemingly opposite objectives must be met together. The contribution of this&#13;\npaper lies in a new prioritization technique (and its in-network&#13;\nimplementation) that minimizes redundancy among delivered&#13;\npictures, while also reducing outliers.
Comparison of the Propagation Loss of a Real-Life Wireless Sensor Network and Its Complimentary Simulation Model (2015)

A hypothesis test based methodology for comparing propagation loss as reported by Modeling and Simulation (M&S) and a real life Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) platform is proposed. The methodology is based on hypothesis testing and statistical evaluation of experimental and simulation data. A software tool for verification of the simulation results is developed in order to automate the process. The comparison tool demonstrates the need for simulation verification by showing cases where simulation and experimental measurements do not agree; hence the simulation model is not representative of actual system being modeled. Experimentation with the platform establishes an empirical path loss model, to be used in simulations.
Solubility properties in polymers and biological mediums. 3. Predictional methods for critical temperatures, boiling points, and solubility properties (RG values) based on molecular size, polarizability, and dipolarity (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolubility properties in polymers and biological mediums. 3. Predictional methods for critical temperatures, boiling points, and solubility properties (RG values) based on molecular size, polarizability, and dipolarityMortimer J. Kamlet, Ruth M. Doherty, R. W. Taft, Michael H. Abraham, and William J. KorosCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 5, 1205–1212Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00317a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00317a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views212Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
LTE Fingerprinting Localization with Altitude (2012)

The paper shows how to add altitude to the adaptive enhanced cell identity (AECID) fingerprinting localization method in the long term evolution (LTE) cellular system. This improves the precision of E- 911 emergency positioning in vertically extended regions like in tall buildings. The altitude is added to the corners of a polygon using assisted GPS (A-GPS), observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA) or uplink time difference of arrival (U-TDOA) altitude measurements of opportunity. A new algorithm transforms to a 3-dimensional point with an ellipsoidal uncertainty, since the latter format is standardized on all LTE position reporting interfaces.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Critical Role of STAT3 in IL-6–Mediated Drug Resistance in Human Neuroblastoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 1 - PDF file 231K, Inhibition of STAT3 activation in CHLA-255 cells by anti-IL-6R blocking antibody. A, Expression of pSTAT3 and STAT3 in CHLA-255 cells was examined by Western blot analysis as in Fig. 1A. When indicated, cells were treated with tocilizumab (2�g/mL) for 12 hours before treatment with IL-6 with or without sIL-6R. The data are representative of 2 separate experiments showing similar results. B, Nuclear extracts from CHLA-255 treated with IL-6 and sIL-6R in the presence and absence of tocilizumab as above described were examined for STAT3 DNA-binding activity by EMSA as indicated in Materials and Methods. Lane 8 is same as lane 5, except for the addition of a �supershifting� anti-STAT3 antibody also added to lane 2 (DU145 control). Top band (labeled STAT3) represents STAT3/STAT3 homodimers bound to DNA. C, CHLA-255 transfected with a STAT3 Firefly luciferase vector and a Renilla luciferase control vector were treated with IL-6 (10ng/mL) alone or in combination with sIL-6R (25ng/mL) as shown in Fig. 1 in the absence or presence of tocilizumab (4�g/mL). After 24 hours, the activity of the STAT3 reporter was examined by Dual Luciferase assay as indicated in Materials and Methods. The data represent the mean (�SD) ratio Firefly/Renilla luciferase activity from five samples for each experimental condition&lt;/p&gt;
Retinal microvasculature and time to pregnancy in a multi-ethnic pre-conception cohort in Singapore (2021)

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03531658.
Optimal Spread Spectrum Watermark Embedding via a Multistep Feasibility Formulation (2009)

We consider optimal formulations of spread spectrum watermark embedding where the common requirements of watermarking, such as perceptual closeness of the watermarked image to the cover and detectability of the watermark in the presence of noise and compression, are posed as constraints while one metric pertaining to these requirements is optimized. We propose an algorithmic framework for solving these optimal embedding problems via a multistep feasibility approach that combines projections onto convex sets (POCS) based feasibility watermarking with a bisection parameter search for determining the optimum value of the objective function and the optimum watermarked image. The framework is general and can handle optimal watermark embedding problems with convex and quasi-convex formulations of watermark requirements with assured convergence to the global optimum. The proposed scheme is a natural extension of set-theoretic watermark design and provides a link between convex feasibility and optimization formulations for watermark embedding. We demonstrate a number of optimal watermark embeddings in the proposed framework corresponding to maximal robustness to additive noise, maximal robustness to compression, minimal frequency weighted perceptual distortion, and minimal watermark texture visibility. Experimental results demonstrate that the framework is effective in optimizing the desired characteristic while meeting the constraints. The results also highlight both anticipated and unanticipated competition between the common requirements for watermark embedding.
Altered proopiomelanocortin gene expression in adrenocorticotropin-producing nonpituitary tumors. Comparative studies with corticotropic adenomas and normal pituitaries. (1985)

In order to assess the mechanisms of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) gene expression in human ACTH-producing tumors, we performed the simultaneous evaluation of POMC products and messenger RNA (mRNA) in tissue fragments obtained from two corticotropic adenomas, five nonpituitary tumors, and two normal human pituitaries. The POMC products were examined using a combination of gel exclusion chromatography and four different radioimmunoassays directed against gamma 3 melanocyte stimulating hormone (gamma 3MSH), ACTH, gamma-lipotropin (gamma LPH), and beta-endorphin. The POMCmRNA was detected and analyzed by dot and northern blot hybridization using a single-stranded genomic DNA probe corresponding to the coding region of the human POMC gene. Tissue concentrations of POMC products and mRNA showed parallel distributions. Immunoreactive gamma 3MSH and gamma LPH patterns revealed only 16-kD fragment- and gamma LPH-like peptides in normal and tumoral pituitaries; additional gamma 3MSH- and/or beta MSH-like peptides were found in all five nonpituitary tumors. A single POMCmRNA of approximately 1,200 bases (b) was detected in normal and tumoral pituitaries; a single identical POMCmRNA was also found in four nonpituitary tumors. A thymic carcinoid tumor, in addition to the 1,200-b POMCmRNA, contained equal amounts of a second larger POMCmRNA of approximately 1,450 b. It is concluded that POMC gene expression appears qualitatively unaltered in corticotropic adenomas. In nonpituitary tumors, in contrast, abnormal POMC processing is frequent; in addition, an extra POMCmRNA was detected in a thymic tumor with a greater length than the normal mRNA; the mechanisms and pathophysiological implications of these modifications remain to be elucidated.
Impact of chirp on spectral recoil of solitons in a defect-core photonic crystal fiber with two zero-dispersion wavelengths (2011)

Increasing input chirp decelerates (accelerates) the spectral recoiling process across a negative dispersion slope for pulses experiencing normal (anomalous) dispersion. A realistic defect-core photonic crystal fiber is proposed to realize this phenomenon.
RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF CROSSING VESSELS ON SUCCESSFUL RETROGRADE ENDOPYELOTOMY OUTCOMES USING SPIRAL COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY (1998)

In our series nearly 40% of patients with anterior or posterior crossing vessels had a long-term (greater than 2 years) successful outcome with retrograde endopyelotomy. Endopyelotomy continues to be our initial mode of therapy among adults with primary ureteropelvic junction obstruction. In our opinion the adverse influence of the crossing vessel is not sufficient to justify the added expense of preoperative angiography, spinal CT or endoluminal ultrasound.
Analysis of Major Protein−Protein and Protein−Metal Complexes of Erythrocytes Directly from Cell Lysate Utilizing Capillary Electrophoresis Mass Spectrometry (2008)

The separation and detection of the major protein-protein and protein-metal complexes of erythrocytes directly from cell lysate under native conditions has been accomplished for the first time using capillary electrophoresis electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (CE/ESI-MS). All three major protein-protein and protein-metal complexes in human red blood cells (RBCs) with a concentration dynamic range of approximately 3 orders of magnitude were successfully detected. Intact complexes detected in lysed RBCs included carbonic anhydrase II (CAII-Zn at approximately 0.8 amol/cell) complexed with its zinc cofactor, carbonic anhydrase I (CAI-Zn at approximately 7 amol/cell) complexed with its zinc cofactor, and hemoglobin A (Hb-tetramer at approximately 450 amol/cell)a tetramer formed by two alpha-beta-subunits and four heme groups. The average molecular weights measured for these complexes were consistent with their theoretical values within 0.01% mass accuracy. The use of Polybrene as a self-coating reagent in conjunction with ammonium acetate at pH approximately 7.4, narrow capillary for high separation efficiency, and forward polarity CE to avoid acid production at the tip of the capillary were overriding experimental factors for successful analysis of protein complexes. Diluting the lysed blood sample in ammonium acetate for a minimum of 6 h before injecting the sample into the CE was essential for obtaining the mass accuracy consistent with their theoretical average molecular weights. At physiological pH, the mass spectrum of the electrophoretic peak of Hb-tetramer included a small amount of the monomers and Hb-dimer. The migration time and peak profile of these species were almost identical to that of the tetramer, indicating that they are formed from decomposition of the Hb-tetramer during the ESI process. A separate electrophoretic peak for the Hb-dimer was only detected when the pH of the BGE was lowered from 7.4 to approximately 6.6. Running CE in forward polarity mode was essential for detection of the intact Hb-tetramer as well as CAI-Zn and CAII-Zn complexes. Under forward polarity mode, CE outlet/ESI shared electrode acts as the cathode of the CE circuit and the anode (positive voltage for positive ions) of the ESI circuit, thereby maintaining approximately neutral pH at the CE outlet/ESI electrode. In addition, under forward polarity mode, CAII-Zn and CAI-Zn migrated ahead of Hb-tetramer, avoiding being masked by 562x and 64x, respectively, molar excess of Hb-tetramer.
Group-Blind Detection for Uplink of Massive MIMO Systems (2016)

When paired with traditional channel estimation and detection, massive MIMO is severely affected by pilot contamination. While sticking to the traditional structure of the training phase where orthogonal pilot sequences are reused in different cells, we propose a group-blind detector that takes into account the presence of pilot contamination. Our detector uses the excess antennas to partially remove interference during the data transmission phase. We derive asymptotic expressions for the SINR gain and the achievable rate in the massive regime, i.e., when the number of antennas tends to infinity while keeping the number of users per cell fixed. Implementing the group-blind detector requires an estimate of the aggregate out-of-cell channel covariance. We propose a simple scheme, referred to as method of silences, to obtain such estimate. Numerical results confirm our analysis in practical scenarios, and show cases where the method of silences achieves a large fraction of the promised SINR gain over conventional detectors.
La crise remet à l'heure les pendules britanniques (2009)

A l'approche des elections, les travaillistes redecouvrent, mais trop tard, les vertus de l'intervention publique, tandis que les conservateurs se positionnent en peres-la-rigueur.