gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nanoscience and Nanotechnology in the Posthype Era (2011)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTNanoscience and Nanotechnology in the Posthype EraMark HersamCite this: ACS Nano 2011, 5, 1, 1–2Publication Date (Web):January 25, 2011Publication History Received14 December 2010Published online25 January 2011Published inissue 25 January 2011https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/nn103470jhttps://doi.org/10.1021/nn103470jeditorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2011 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views3265Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (2 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Carbon nanotubes,Circuits,Nanoscience,Nanotechnology,Transistors Get e-Alerts
Measuring margin and skew errors in scanned printed customer content (2022)

Print margin and skew describe an image placed crookedly on the printed page. It is one of the most common defects in electrophotographic printers and dramatically affects print quality. It primarily might occur when using a two-sided printing module on the printer. To solve or correct the print margin and skew error, we should first accurately detect the print margin and skew on the printed page. This paper proposes a method to accurately detect the print margin and skew based on the Hough Lines Detection algorithm. There are three steps of this print margin and skew detection method. We first project the digital master images into the scanned test image with master image edges. The second step is the most challenging part of designing this method because all of our scanned test pages had only two or three and barely visible edges of the printed paper to the naked eye. We use an image processing method and Hough Lines Detection algorithm to extract the paper edges. The third step uses the projected master images edge and the extracted paper edges to calculate the print margin and skew result. Our algorithm is an efficient and accurate method to detect print margin and skew errors based on factual scanned image verification.
New Exact Spherical Flow Solution With Storage for Early-Time Test Interpretation (1998)

Abstract Conventional methods used to analyze early-time formation transient test data are approximate and do not model the entire timewise pressure response. Alternatively, detailed models used for early-time storage or late-time analysis are numerical and chart-oriented, and not amenable to simple physical interpretation. In this paper, the general spherical flow formulation, with wellbore storage, is solved by inverting the Laplace transform to produce a closed-form analytical solution. This new solution reduces to previously published early- and late-time solutions in the respective asymptotic limits. Importantly, the availability of the new solution permits convenient pressure-response-to-theory-matching using the complete time regime (early-, transitional-, and late-time data), rather than the typical late-time matching to the asymptotic limit of the spherical flow regime. The new solution also allows accurate formation evaluation using early- and intermediate-time data only, thereby reducing rig down-time required for testing. The new analytical solution is derived for the full initial- boundary value problem for transient, compressible, spherical flow using Laplace transforms. In this paper, the Laplace transform is inverted to obtain a closed-form expression for the pressure field, and additionally, expressions for pressure derivative and sandface flow rate are derived in terms of the complex error function. These solutions are compared to existing numerical solutions obtained by approximate transform inversion, and to finite element model results that include the three-dimensional effects of wellbore geometry. The accuracy and interpretation speed of the new solution permits systematic determination of all flow parameters, to include storage coefficient, formation fluid compressibility, permeability, and pore pressure. It circumvents limitations inherent in existing methodologies, e.g., where parameters such as compressibility are assumed a priority. A new type of drill stem well test tool is also described, and the new solution is used to analyze its field test data. Wireline tester log data examples are analyzed to illustrate the utility and power of the new solution. The examples are used to demonstrate how the new solution saves rig time by using convenient, microprocessor-based, real-time regression analysis to determine formation properties. P. 167
Proteolysis by MMP20 Prevents Aberrant Mineralization in Secretory Enamel (2019)

The present study was conducted to investigate the role of proteolysis by matrix metalloproteinase 20 (MMP20) in regulating the initial formation of the enamel mineral structure during the secretory stage of amelogenesis, utilizing Mmp20-null mice that lack this essential protease. Ultrathin sagittal sections of maxillary incisors from 8-wk-old wild-type (WT), Mmp20-null (KO), and heterozygous (HET) littermates were prepared. Secretory-stage enamel ultrastructures from each genotype as a function of development were compared using transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, and Raman microspectroscopy. Characteristic rod structures observed in WT enamel exhibited amorphous features in newly deposited enamel, which subsequently transformed into apatite-like crystals in older enamel. Surprisingly, initial mineral formation in KO enamel was found to proceed in the same manner as in the WT. However, soon after a rod structure began to form, large plate-like crystals appeared randomly within the developing KO enamel layer. As development continued, observed plate-like crystals became dominant and obscured the appearance of the enamel rod structure. Upon formation of these plate-like crystals, the KO enamel layer stopped growing in thickness, unlike WT and HET enamel layers that continued to grow at the same rate. Raman results indicated that Mmp20-KO enamel contains a significant portion of octacalcium phosphate, unlike WT enamel. Although normal in all other respects, large, randomly dispersed mineral crystals were observed in secretory HET enamel, although to a lesser extent than that seen in KO enamel, indicating that the level of MMP20 expression has a proportional effect on suppressing aberrant mineral formation. In conclusion, we found that proteolysis of extracellular enamel matrix proteins by MMP20 is not required for the initial development of the enamel rod structure during the early secretory stage of amelogenesis. Proteolysis by MMP20, however, is essential for the prevention of abnormal crystal formation during amelogenesis.
Iridium complexes of N-heterocyclic carbenes in C–H borylation using energy efficient microwave technology: influence of structure, ligand donor strength and counter ion on catalytic activity (2009)

Bridged and unbridged N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands were metalated with [Ir(COD)Cl]2 to give iridium(I) mono- and biscarbene substituted catalysts [Ir(COD)NHC(Cl)] and [Ir(COD)(NHC)2][X] (X: I, PF6, BF4, CF3COO, OTf). The prepared NHC-complexes were tested in the C–H borylation reaction of aromatic carbons with bis(pinacolato)diboron (B2pin2) and pinacolborane (HBpin). The use of microwave technology in this study not only facilitates a time efficient screening of a wide range of influences such as ligand σ-donor strength and structural motif as well as the effects of the complex counter ion, but also provides an energy efficient heating source. Catalyst 6TFA, which features a chelating NHC ligand, proved to be most effective catalyst and further investigations with this complex in the borylation of mono- and disubstituted benzene derivatives exploring chemo- and regioselectivity were undertaken.
sulle autonomie territoriali (2015)

ricostruzione storica delle autonomie territoriali
Effect of PAA-g-MPEO Comb Polymer on TiO2Suspensions (2008)

A comb PAA-g-MPEO was prepared. The PAA-g-MPEO underwent two thermal degradation steps. First, the decarboxylation and the dehydration of the carboxyl in the PAA backbone took place in the range of 204–313°C; the weight loss in the range of 313–450°C was from decomposition of MPEO chains and the survivor of the decomposed PAA backbone. By adding comb PAA-g-MPEO as disperser to TiO2 suspensions, TiO2/PAA-g-MPEO suspensions were prepared. The PAA-g-MPEO was adsorbed onto the surfaces of the TiO2 particles, and the zeta potential of TiO2/PAA-g-MPEO suspensions was higher than that of TiO2 suspensions. Compared with that of TiO2 suspensions, the viscosity of TiO2/PAA-g-MPEO suspensions decreased, and the viscosity further decreased with increasing PAA-g-MPEO content. After adding PAA-g-MPEO, the size distribution of the TiO2 particles in the suspensions became narrow and the average diameter of the TiO2 particles decreased due to electrostatic repulsions and the steric hindrances of the PAA-g-MPEO.
A solid-state hyperspectral imager for real-time standoff explosives detection using shortwave infrared imaging (2009)

We present a new and innovative short-wave infrared (SWIR) hyperspectral imaging focal plane array (FPA) concept for bulk and trace standoff explosives detection. The proposed technology combines conventional uncooled InGaAs based SWIR imaging with the wavelength selectivity of a monolithically integrated solid-state Fabry-Perot interferometer. Each pixel of the array consists of a group of sub-pixels in which each sub-pixel is tuned to absorb a separate wavelength. The relative responses from the sub-pixels (i.e. wavelengths) are compared to the spectral characteristics of explosives in the SWIR to detect and locate them within an imaged scene among various background materials. The novel technology will be compact, and consume low power such that it can be used as a handheld device or mounted for persistent surveillance of crowded areas and checkpoints. The technology does not use any scanning nor tuning apparatuses such as MEMS devices, and is therefore fast, compact, lightweight and not susceptible to vibration. The technology is therefore ideal for man portable applications and unmanned vehicle platforms. An eyesafe (covert) illuminator may be used to provide illumination in situations when ambient light conditions are not sufficient. We will present a detailed design of the novel focal plane array and a theoretical standoff distance and false rates study.
Scalable Behavioral Emulation of Extreme-Scale Systems Using Structural Simulation Toolkit (2018)

With extremely large design spaces for algorithm and architecture to be explored, there is a need for fast and scalable performance modeling tools for preparing HPC application codes. Behavioral Emulation (BE) is a recent coarse-grained modeling and simulation methodology that has been proposed to solve this co-design problem. In this paper, we introduce a distributed parallel simulation library for Behavioral Emulation called BE-SST, integrated into the Structural Simulation Toolkit (SST). BE-SST provides simple interfaces and framework for development of coarse-grained BE models which can be extended to model new notional architectures. BE-SST also supports Monte Carlo simulations to generate meaningful distributions and summary statistics rather than a single datum for performance. In this paper, we present BE-SST simulations of two existing large DOE machines (Vulcan and Titan), which have been validated against actual testbed measurements and showed 5-10% error. These validated system models (up to 128k cores) are used to make blind predictions of application performance on systems larger than the current machines (up to 512k cores) - a crucial simulator feature for design-space exploration of notional systems. We further studied BE-SST in terms of scalability and performance, simulating up to a million cores, with BE-SST running on more than 2k parallel processes. BE-SST shows good scalability with a linear increase in memory usage and simulation time with increase in simulated system size, and a peak speedup of 7x over single process simulation. With ease of use and good scaling, we assert that BE-SST can significantly speed up design-space exploration.
Role of the lectin pathway of complement in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation-associated endothelial injury and thrombotic microangiopathy (2021)

Abstract Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (HSCT-TMA) is a life-threatening syndrome that occurs in adult and pediatric patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Nonspecific symptoms, heterogeneity within study populations, and variability among current diagnostic criteria contribute to misdiagnosis and underdiagnosis of this syndrome. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and associated risk factors precipitate endothelial injury, leading to HSCT-TMA and other endothelial injury syndromes such as hepatic veno-occlusive disease/sinusoidal obstruction syndrome, idiopathic pneumonia syndrome, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, capillary leak syndrome, and graft-versus-host disease. Endothelial injury can trigger activation of the complement system, promoting inflammation and the development of endothelial injury syndromes, ultimately leading to organ damage and failure. In particular, the lectin pathway of complement is activated by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) on the surface of injured endothelial cells. Pattern-recognition molecules such as mannose-binding lectin (MBL), collectins, and ficolins—collectively termed lectins—bind to DAMPs on injured host cells, forming activation complexes with MBL-associated serine proteases 1, 2, and 3 (MASP-1, MASP-2, and MASP-3). Activation of the lectin pathway may also trigger the coagulation cascade via MASP-2 cleavage of prothrombin to thrombin. Together, activation of complement and the coagulation cascade lead to a procoagulant state that may result in development of HSCT-TMA. Several complement inhibitors targeting various complement pathways are in clinical trials for the treatment of HSCT-TMA. In this article, we review the role of the complement system in HSCT-TMA pathogenesis, with a focus on the lectin pathway.
Speech enhancement by sparse, low-rank, and dictionary spectrogram decomposition (2013)

Speech enhancement requires some principle by which to distinguish speech and noise, and the most successful separation requires strong models for both speech and noise. If, however, the noise encountered differs significantly from the system's assumptions, performance will suffer. In this work, we propose a novel speech enhancement system based on decomposing the spectrogram into sparse activation of a dictionary of target speech templates, and a low-rank background model, which makes few assumptions about the noise other than its limited spectral variation. A variation of this model specifically designed to handle transient noise intrusions is also proposed. Evaluation via BSS EVAL and PESQ show that the new approaches improve signal-to-distortion ratio in most cases and PESQ in high-noise conditions when compared to several traditional speech enhancement algorithms including log-MMSE.
Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access for mmWave Drones with Multi-Antenna\n Transmission (2017)

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be deployed as aerial base stations (BSs)\nfor rapid establishment of communication networks during temporary events and\nafter disasters. Since UAV-BSs are low power nodes, achieving high spectral and\nenergy efficiency are of paramount importance. In this paper, we introduce\nnon-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) transmission for millimeter-wave (mmWave)\ndrones serving as flying BSs at a large stadium potentially with several\nhundreds or thousands of mobile users. In particular, we make use of\nmulti-antenna techniques specifically taking into consideration the physical\nconstraints of the antenna array, to generate directional beams. Multiple users\nare then served within the same beam employing NOMA transmission. If the UAV\nbeam can not cover entire region where users are distributed, we introduce beam\nscanning to maximize outage sum rates. The simulation results reveal that, with\nNOMA transmission the spectral efficiency of the UAV based communication can be\ngreatly enhanced compared to orthogonal multiple access (OMA) transmission.\nFurther, the analysis shows that there is an optimum transmit power value for\nNOMA beyond which outage sum rates do not improve further.\n
Analysis of Wide-Neck Aneurysms in the Barrow Ruptured Aneurysm Trial (2018)

Wide-neck status significantly impacted treatment strategy in the BRAT, favoring clipping. Clipping and coiling of ruptured WNAs resulted in statistically similar long-term clinical outcomes. 10.1093/neuros/nyy439 Video Abstract 10.1093.neuros.nyy439 5850292551001.
Latest developments in MUC1 immunotherapy (2018)

Currently, there is renewed interest in attempting to recruit the host immune system to eliminate cancers, and within this renewed activity, MUC1 continues to arouse interest. MUC1 has been considered a possible therapeutic target for the past 30 years as it is up-regulated, aberrantly glycosylated and its polarization is lost in many adenocarcinomas. Moreover, MUC1 is expressed by some haematopoietic cancers, including acute myeloid leukaemia and myeloma. Although multiple clinical trials have been initiated and immune responses have been documented, effective clinical benefit worthy of approval for general application has not as yet been achieved. However, this does not appear to have quelled the interest in MUC1 as a therapeutic target, as shown by the increase in the number of MUC1-based clinical trials initiated in 2017 ( Figure 1). As with all translational studies, incorporating new relevant research findings into therapeutic strategy is difficult. Decisions are made to commit to a specific strategy based on the information and data available when the trial is initiated. However, the time required for preclinical studies and early trials can render the founding concept not always appropriate for proceeding to a larger definitive trial. Here, we summarize the attempts made, to date, to bring MUC1 into the world of cancer immunotherapy and discuss how research findings regarding MUC1 structure and function together with expanded knowledge of its interactions with the tumour environment and immune effector cells could lead to improved therapeutic approaches. ppbiost;46/3/659/BST20170400CF1F1BST-2017-0400CF1Figure 1.Number of MUC1-targeted trials initiated each year.
Effects of light scattering on fluorescence polarization images in turbid media (2004)

We have quantified the influence of light scattering on confocal fluorescence anisotropy images at depth in turbid media. The artificial reduction in anisotropy at depth is explored by changing scattering particle sizes, depth of image acquisition, and microscope imaging parameters. Results from model systems are compared with Monte Carlo simulations.
Non-uniform sampling schemes for fast multilevel source imaging of reflector antenna surfaces (2014)

Summary form only given. Reconstruction of the radiating fields or equivalent currents on a closed surface enclosing a radiating body, also termed source imaging, is a widely used method in antenna diagnosis for estimating inaccuracy of antenna fabrication or localizing antenna malfunction. The Rayleigh-Sommerfeld (RS) formulation with incoming wave Green function (A. J. Devaney, Mathematical foundations of imaging, tomography and wavefield inversion. Cambridge University Press, 2012) is used in this work to enable the back-propagation from the scalar field measurement on a planar surface. This method provides a good approximation for the field backpropagated from the measurement plane towards the source, though, due to truncation errors, it is suitable mostly for the metrology of directional arrays or large reflector antennas. Direct evaluation of the discretized back-propagation integral is characterized by a computational complexity (CC) of O(N4), where N=ka (a and k being the radius of the smallest sphere circumscribing the measurement domain and the wavenumber, respectively). For antennas that are very large compared to the wavelength, this computational bottleneck renders this approach unattractive. Significant reduction of the CC down to O(N 2logN) is achieved using a modified version of the multilevel non-uniform grid (MLNG) (Y. Brick and A. Boag, IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelectr., Freq. Control, 57/1, 262-273, 2010). In order to choose the most suitable non-uniform sampling scheme, we conduct a comparison between various sampling and interpolation schemes. Among the tested grid topologies are spherical and oblate spheroidal, volumetric and onsurface ones. The algorithms' performance under each of the choices is studied in terms of accuracy, storage requirements, and run-time. As a representative example, a test case parabolic reflector with a localized surface distortion is analyzed. The comparison between the source distribution, reconstructed from the simulated measurements, and the desired one is used for the localization of anomalies. The quality of localization is measured in terms of location and contrast.
Learning Cross-Modal Contrastive Features for Video Domain Adaptation (2021)

Learning transferable and domain adaptive feature representations from videos is important for video-relevant tasks such as action recognition. Existing video domain adaptation methods mainly rely on adversarial feature alignment, which has been derived from the RGB image space. However, video data is usually associated with multi-modal information, e.g., RGB and optical flow, and thus it remains a challenge to design a better method that considers the cross-modal inputs under the cross-domain adaptation setting. To this end, we propose a unified framework for video domain adaptation, which simultaneously regularizes cross-modal and cross-domain feature representations. Specifically, we treat each modality in a domain as a view and leverage the contrastive learning technique with properly designed sampling strategies. As a result, our objectives regularize feature spaces, which originally lack the connection across modalities or have less alignment across domains. We conduct experiments on domain adaptive action recognition benchmark datasets, i.e., UCF, HMDB, and EPIC-Kitchens, and demonstrate the effectiveness of our components against state-of-the-art algorithms.