gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lung eosinophilia is dependent on IL-5 and the adhesion molecules CD18 and VLA-4, in a guinea-pig model. (1995)

Blood and tissue-eosinophilia is a characteristic feature of a number of disease states. In experimental animals, the intravenous injection of parasitic larvae induces a profound eosinophilia that can be mimicked by the intravenous injection of Sephadex particles. In the present study, this procedure was used to investigate the mechanisms involved in the development of lung eosinophilia in a guinea-pig model. Intravenous administration of Sephadex particles to guinea-pigs resulted in a significant increase in the influx of eosinophils in the airways and in lung tissue eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) activity (at t = 24 hr). An anti-interleukin-5 (IL-5) monoclonal antibody (mAb) totally inhibited the eosinophilia in the airways and significantly reduced the lung tissue EPO activity. The concomitant accumulation of neutrophils and mononuclear cells, however, was not affected by this treatment. Monoclonal antibodies to VLA-4 and CD18 caused 58% and 62% suppression of eosinophilia in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), respectively, whilst having no effect on lung tissue EPO activity. Co-administration of the two mAb resulted in total inhibition of eosinophil accumulation into BAL and significant suppression of lung tissue EPO activity (55% inhibition). This procedure also resulted in 72% inhibition of mononuclear cell influx and 68% inhibition of neutrophil influx in the BAL, the latter effect being entirely due to the actions of the anti-CD18 mAb. The results of this study indicate for the first time a requirement for IL-5 in the development of lung eosinophilia in this model. Further, it is clear that both the molecules VLA-4 and CD18 contribute to the development of this response and that maximal inhibition of lung eosinophilia is achieved only when the two adhesion pathways are simultaneously blocked.
220 nJ, 1.10 ps pulses from and Er fiber chirped pulse amplification system based on compression in photonic band gap fiber (2004)

An all-fiber Er chirped pulse amplification (CPA) system based on a large-mode-area (LMA) amplifier delivering 220 nJ, 1.10 ps, linearly-polarized pulses is reported. The system is based on pulse stretching in a nonlinearly-chirped fiber Bragg grating and compression in a photonic band gap fibers. The dispersion of the PBGF was measured precisely and matched with a nonlinearly-chirped FBG stretcher. Such system architecture is scalable to pulse energies close to the PBGF nonlinearity limit (>10 /spl mu/J estimate) with improved PBGFs.
Supplementary Table S3 from Direct Detection and Quantification of Neoantigens (2023)

&lt;p&gt;MANA-SRM sensitivity improvement through the D-Red approach.&lt;/p&gt;
The emergence of ethics engineering in Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems (2022)

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is being successfully adopted in innovative industrial applications in different sectors, e.g., manufacturing, logistics, healthcare, smart grids, and smart transportation. However, the potential direct or indirect threats of using AI are not sufficiently investigated in these domains, and as a result, unwanted vulnerabilities are introduced in industrial applications, e.g., related to business info leakage, privacy, and even undesired/false training and learning of personnel and automated processes. The ethical dimension is new ground for most industrial applications and poses a significant challenge in AI systems overall, and especially for complex Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems (ICPS), which are based on collective intelligence and exhibit autonomy, emergence and self-organization. This work discusses the importance and implications of ethics in industrial AI-based systems such as the ICPS. For this purpose, the concept of ethics in such intelligent systems is surveyed and characterized using a bibliometric literature review, and then, areas linked to ethics, as well as the main challenges for engineering ethically compliant ICPS are discussed.
Self-averaging, distribution of pseudocritical temperatures, and finite size scaling in critical disordered systems (1998)

We evaluate by Monte Carlo simulations various singular thermodynamic quantities $X$ for ensembles of quenched random Ising and Ashkin-Teller models. The measurements are taken at ${T}_{c}$ and we study how the distributions $P(X)$ (and, in particular, their relative squared width, ${R}_{X})$ over the ensemble depend on the system size $l.$ The Ashkin-Teller model was studied in the regime where bond randomness is irrelevant and we found weak self-averaging; ${R}_{X}\ensuremath{\sim}{l}^{\ensuremath{\alpha}/\ensuremath{\nu}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0,$ where $\ensuremath{\alpha}&lt;0$ and $\ensuremath{\nu}$ are the exponents (of the pure model fixed point) governing the transition. For the site-dilute Ising model on a cubic lattice, known to be governed by a random fixed point, we find that ${R}_{X}$ tends to a constant, as predicted by Aharony and Harris. We tested whether this constant is universal. However, this constant is different for canonical and grand canonical disorder. We identify the pseudocritical temperature of each sample $i,$ ${T}_{c}(i,l),$ as the temperature at which the susceptibility reaches its maximal value ${\ensuremath{\chi}}^{\mathrm{max}}.$ The distribution of these sample dependent ${T}_{c}(i,l)$ was investigated; we found that its variance scales as $[\ensuremath{\delta}{T}_{c}(l){]}^{2}\ensuremath{\sim}{l}^{\ensuremath{-}2/\ensuremath{\nu}}.$ Our previously proposed finite size scaling ansatz for disordered systems was tested and found to hold. We did observe deviations from a single function, which imply that sample dependent scaling functions are needed. These deviations are, however, relatively small and hence to obtain a fixed statistical error it may be more computationally efficient to measure ${\ensuremath{\chi}}^{\mathrm{max}}$ than the commonly used $\ensuremath{\chi}{(T}_{c}^{\ensuremath{\infty}}).$
Negative T-cell costimulatory pathways: their role in regulating alloimmune responses (2008)

The understanding of negative costimulatory pathways is embarrassed by complex interactions between simultaneously activated positive and negative costimulatory pathways among themselves and with immunosuppressive agents, differential expression of these molecules on different immune cell subsets as well as their expression in parenchymal cells of transplanted tissues, all of them clearly affecting their functions. Further elucidation of these novel concepts is pertinent for targeting these pathways in translational studies in near future.
IRP Tax Reforms for Strengthening the Retirement Income Security (2022)

[연구목적] 본 연구에서는 퇴직소득의 연금화를 위한 여러 세제 혜택에도 불구하고 연금화율이 현재까지 0%에 가까운 현상에 대해 현행 세제에서 연금화를 저해하는 문제점을 찾고 대안을 제시하고자 한다.BR[연구방법] 본 연구는 현행 연금세제(EET)에서 소득수준에 따른 퇴직소득의 연금화 유인정도를 측정하기 위해 개인형퇴직연금제도(IRP) 퇴직계좌에서 수령하는 연금수익비를 소득수준별로 비교․분석하였다. 또한 대안으로서 다른 과세체계인 TEE체계를 가정하여 연금수익비를 산출하여 소득수준별로 현행 세제의 수익비와 비교·분석하였다.BR[연구결과] 분석결과, 현행 연금세제는 사실상 고소득층에게 연금에 대한 인센티브를 더 많이 제공하도록 설계되어 있다는 점을 발견하였고 현행 EET 연금세제를 TEE 체계로 전환하면 일부 고소득층을 제외한 모든 계층에서 세후 수령액 및 세부담이 개선되었다.BR[연구의 시사점] 연금을 통한 노후소득보장은 소득과 관계없이 전(全) 계층을 포괄해야 한다는 점에서 기존의 EET를 TEE로 통합 운영하기보다 현행 IRP(EET 체계)와 새로운 IRPⅡ(TEE 체계)를 함께 제공하여 가입자의 선택권을 보장하는 것이 바람직한 방향이라 할 수 있다.
In vitro modulation of macrophage phenotype and inhibition of polymer degradation by dexamethasone in a human macrophage/Fe/stress system (1999)

A new in vitro accelerated biological model, the macrophage-FeCl2-stress system was used for the evaluation of dexamethasone (DEX)-polymer formulations. This model combines the effects of cells (macrophages), transition metal ions (Fe2+), and polymer stress to promote material biodegradation. The cell and material effects of DEX, either in solution or incorporated into a polyetherurethane matrix (DEX/PEU), were monitored. Cell morphology and hydroperoxide formation in the polymer during cell culturing were characterized. After a subsequent treatment with FeCl2 the development of environmental stress cracking in the polymer was evaluated. We attempted to duplicate the biodegradation of PEU in terms of environmental stress cracking (ESC). Our results support the direct involvement of macrophages in polyetherurethane oxidation, probably by inducing hydroperoxide formation in the polymer structure. Under the influence of stress or strain, polymers with sufficient hydroperoxides degrade in the presence of Fe2+ metal ions in a manner that closely resembles the stress cracking that is observed in vivo. By contrast, polymers treated with either agents that inhibit cell activation and/or the oxidative burst, or with cells with no oxidative burst did not show signs of the biodegradative process. We demonstrated a reduction in hydroperoxide formation and no later ESC development in macrophage-cultured PEU in the presence of DEX in solution or in DEX-loaded PEU. We believe the prevention of initial polymer oxidation by reducing the cell's potential to produce oxidative stress at the tissue–biomaterial interface can directly inhibit the ESC degradation of chronically implanted polymers. The in vitro macrophage-Fe-stress system is a valuable tool for reliable assessment and cost-effective evaluation of biomaterials. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 46, 475–484, 1999.
IPv6 over Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Network (6LoWPAN) Paging Dispatch (2016)

This specification updates RFC 4944 to introduce a new context switch
mechanism for IPv6 over Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Network
(6LoWPAN) compression, expressed in terms of Pages and signaled by a
new Paging Dispatch.
Regularization for functional MRI models (2002)

The authors consider spatio-temporal modelling of functional MRI data from an inverse problems point of view. Most of the modelling to date has been on a pixel by pixel basis with no acknowledgment given to spatial smoothness when it exists. The authors discuss regularization methods that address that issue and illustrate their results with experimental data.
Regular ArticleLaMnO3+δRevisited (1997)

Samples of LaMnO3+δwith 0≤δ≤0.18 have been prepared via a precipitation method followed by heating at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. Oxidation is accommodated by the formation of cation vacancies to give La1−eMn1−eO3withe=δ/(3+δ). Room temperature X-ray diffraction reveals a two-phase region separating an O′-orthorhombic phase stable over 0≤δ≤0.06 and a rhombohedral phase, stable in the range 0.10≤δ≤0.18, that transforms below room temperature to an O′-orthorhombic phase. Transport and magnetic studies indicate the following evolution of electronic properties with increasingδ. Oxidation creates small-polaron holes that become increasingly trapped at cation vacancies with decreasing temperature in the paramagnetic domain. Some of these trapped holes are released on cooling through the onset of long-range magnetic order. In the O′-orthorhombic structure, the trapped holes form superparamagnetic clusters below room temperature that become magnetically coupled with the onset of antiferromagnetic order in the hole-poor matrix to form a magnetic glass. The O′-orthorhombic structure sustains the cooperative Jahn–Teller deformation. The rhombohedral phase suppresses the cooperative Jahn–Teller deformation, and the hole-poor matrix becomes ferromagnetic. With increasingδ, the perovskite tolerance factor increases, and at a critical valuetc≈0.97, a transition from small-polaron to a peculiar nondispersive delocalized state of the conduction electrons occurs belowTc. At highestδ, these conduction electrons introduce a double-exchange spin–spin coupling in the matrix that varies as cos(θij/2); this ferromagnetic coupling competes with the antiferromagnetic Mn:t3–O: 2pπ–Mn:t3superexchange, which varies as cosθij. Consequently an equilibriumθijincreases withδto give a cant angle 0°≤θ≤180°, which introduces metamagnetic behavior of the matrix between clusters and a ferromagnetic magnetization that decreases relatively sharply with increasingδin the range 0.13≤δ≤0.18.
Meeting the Needs of the Future with HFC-245fa and HFC-245fa Blend Technology in the Construction Industry (2020)

Energy conservation has become a key concern of today’s consumer. Globally, insulation of buildings, homes and offices to conserve energy has become critical. Fluorocarbon blown insulation has historically provided the highest R-value per inch. Due to environmental concerns HCFC technology will soon be replaced with HFC technology. Honeywell is dedicated to providing an HFC blowing agent to the construction industry. It has dedicated many years conducting research on HFC-245fa (1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane) as a replacement for HCFC-141b. Honeywell is currently supplying semi-commercial quantities of HFC-245fa to the construction industry for industrial scale evaluations and field trials. Construction of the commercial facility is underway and is targeted to be operational mid −2002. There are a variety of foam applications in the construction industry. Each has specific product requirements. In some applications the R-value of the insulation is critical. In other applications the insulation value is not as critical as the cost. Honeywell intends to supply HFC-245fa technology to meet all of these needs. HFC-245fa technology provides insulation with the highest R-value. HFC-245fa blend technology makes it possible produce foams with the optimal balance between blowing agent performance and cost. This paper will discuss the progress made developing HFC-245fa and HFC-245fa blends in a variety of construction applications. It will include a discussion of laboratory and field evaluations vs. current HCFC-14lb technology. All statements, information and data given herein are believed to be accurate and reliable but are presented without guaranty, warranty or responsibility of any kind, expressed or implied. Statements or suggestions concerning possible use of our products are made without representation or warranty that any such use is free of patent infringement and are not recommendations to infringe any patent. The user should not assume that all safety measures are indicated, or that other measures may not be required.
Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition Prevents Cerebral Palsy following Hypoxia-Ischemia in Fetal Rabbits: Comparison between JI-8 and 7-Nitroindazole (2011)

Cerebral palsy and death are serious consequences of perinatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI). Important concepts can now be tested using an animal model of cerebral palsy. We have previously shown that reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are produced in antenatal HI. A novel class of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) inhibitors have been designed, and they ameliorate postnatal motor deficits when administered prior to the hypoxic-ischemic insult. This study asks how the new class of inhibitors, using JI-8 (K(i) for nNOS: 0.014 μM) as a representative, compare with the frequently used nNOS inhibitor 7-nitroindazole (7-NI; K(i): 0.09 ± 0.024 μM). A theoretical dose equivalent to 75 K(i) of JI-8 or equimolar 7-NI was administered to pregnant rabbit dams 30 min prior to and immediately after 40 min of uterine ischemia at 22 days gestation (70% term). JI-8 treatment resulted in a significant decrease in NOS activity (39%) in fetal brain homogenates acutely after HI, without affecting maternal blood pressure and heart rate. JI-8 treatment resulted in 33 normal kits, 2 moderately and 13 severely affected kits and 5 stillbirths, compared with 8 normal, 3 moderately affected and 5 severely affected kits and 10 stillbirths in the 7-NI group. In terms of neurobehavioral outcome, 7-NI was not different from saline treatment, while JI-8 was superior to saline and 7-NI in its protective effect (p < 0.05). In the surviving kits, JI-8 significantly improved the locomotion score over both saline and 7-NI scores. JI-8 was also significantly superior to saline in preserving smell, muscle tone and righting reflex function, but 7-NI did not show significant improvement. Furthermore, a 100-fold increase in the dose (15.75 μmol/kg) of 7-NI significantly decreased systolic blood pressure in the dam, while JI-8 did not. The new class of inhibitors such as JI-8 shows promise in the prevention of cerebral palsy and is superior to the previously more commonly used nNOS inhibitor.
AhR/IL-22 pathway as new target for the treatment of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome symptoms (2022)

Alterations in brain/gut/microbiota axis are linked to Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) physiopathology. Upon gastrointestinal infection, chronic abdominal pain and anxio-depressive comorbidities may persist despite pathogen clearance leading to Post-Infectious IBS (PI-IBS). This study assesses the influence of tryptophan metabolism, and particularly the microbiota-induced AhR expression, on intestinal homeostasis disturbance following gastroenteritis resolution, and evaluates the efficacy of IL-22 cytokine vectorization on PI-IBS symptoms. The <i>Citrobacter rodentium</i> infection model in C57BL6/J mice was used to mimic Enterobacteria gastroenteritis. Intestinal homeostasis was evaluated as low-grade inflammation, permeability, mucosa-associated microbiota composition, and colonic sensitivity. Cognitive performances and emotional state of animals were assessed using several tests. Tryptophan metabolism was analyzed by targeted metabolomics. AhR activity was evaluated using a luciferase reporter assay method. One <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> strain carrying an eukaryotic expression plasmid for murine IL-22 (<i>L. lactis</i><sup>IL-22</sup>) was used to induce IL-22 production in mouse colonic mucosa. <i>C. rodentium</i>-infected mice exhibited persistent colonic hypersensitivity and cognitive impairments and anxiety-like behaviors after pathogen clearance. These post-infectious disorders were associated with low-grade inflammation, increased intestinal permeability, decrease of <i>Lactobacillaceae</i> abundance associated with the colonic layer, and increase of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). During post-infection period, the indole pathway and AhR activity were decreased due to a reduction of tryptophol production. Treatment with <i>L. lactis</i><sup>IL-22</sup> restored gut permeability and normalized colonic sensitivity, restored cognitive performances and decreased anxiety-like behaviors. Data from the video-tracking system suggested an upgrade of welfare for mice receiving the <i>L.lactis</i><sup>IL-22</sup> strain. Our findings revealed that AhR/IL-22 signaling pathway is altered in a preclinical PI-IBS model. IL-22 delivering alleviate PI-IBS symptoms as colonic hypersensitivity, cognitive impairments, and anxiety-like behaviors by acting on intestinal mucosa integrity. Thus, therapeutic strategies targeting this pathway could be developed to treat IBS patients suffering from chronic abdominal pain and associated well-being disorders.
Dynamics of phase oscillator networks with synaptic weight and structural plasticity (2022)

Abstract We study the dynamics of Kuramoto oscillator networks with two distinct adaptation processes, one varying the coupling strengths and the other altering the network structure. Such systems model certain networks of oscillatory neurons where the neuronal dynamics, synaptic weights, and network structure interact with and shape each other. We model synaptic weight adaptation with spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) that runs on a longer time scale than neuronal spiking. Structural changes that include addition and elimination of contacts occur at yet a longer time scale than the weight adaptations. First, we study the steady-state dynamics of Kuramoto networks that are bistable and can settle in synchronized or desynchronized states. To compare the impact of adding structural plasticity, we contrast the network with only STDP to one with a combination of STDP and structural plasticity. We show that the inclusion of structural plasticity optimizes the synchronized state of a network by allowing for synchronization with fewer links than a network with STDP alone. With non-identical units in the network, the addition of structural plasticity leads to the emergence of correlations between the oscillators’ natural frequencies and node degrees. In the desynchronized regime, the structural plasticity decreases the number of contacts, leading to a sparse network. In this way, adding structural plasticity strengthens both synchronized and desynchronized states of a network. Second, we use desynchronizing coordinated reset stimulation and synchronizing periodic stimulation to induce desynchronized and synchronized states, respectively. Our findings indicate that a network with a combination of STDP and structural plasticity may require stronger and longer stimulation to switch between the states than a network with STDP only.
Monotherapy with a novel intervenolin derivative, AS‐1934, is an effective treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection (2018)

AS-1934 has potential advantages over current treatment options for H. pylori infection.
Influence of misfit strain on the physical properties of Fe thin films (2022)

We investigate the growth of thin Fe layers on MgAl$_2$O$_4$~(001) and MgO~(001) substrates using dc magnetron sputtering. The crystal quality of Fe layers deposited on MgAl$_2$O$_4$ is found to be substantially higher as compared to Fe grown on MgO substrates. The effects of the crystal quality on the magnetic and electronic transport properties are discussed.
Nanolipoprotein particles for co-delivery of cystine-knot peptides and Fab–based therapeutics (2021)

Nanolipoprotein particles (NLPs) have been evaluated as an <i>in vivo</i> delivery vehicle for a variety of molecules of therapeutic interest. However, delivery of peptide-like drugs in combination with therapeutic Fabs has not yet been evaluated. In this study, we describe the development and characterization of cystine-knot peptide (CKP)-containing NLPs and Fab-CKP-NLP conjugates. CKPs were incorporated into NLPs using a self-assembly strategy. The trypsin inhibitor EETI-II, a model CKP, was produced with a C16 fatty acyl chain to enable incorporation of the CKP into the lipid bilayer core during NLP assembly. The CKP-NLP retained trypsin inhibitory function although the overall activity was reduced by ∼5 fold compared to free CKP, which was presumably due to steric hindrance. The NLP platform was also shown to accommodate up to ∼60 CKP molecules. Moreover, the stability of the CKP-NLP was comparable to the NLP control, displaying a relatively short half-life (∼1 h) in 50% serum at 37 °C. Therapeutic Fabs were also loaded onto the CKP-NLP by introducing thiol-reactive lipids that would undergo a covalent reaction with the Fab. Using this strategy, Fab loading could be reliably controlled from 1-50 Fabs per CKP-NLP and was found to be independent of CKP density. Surprisingly, Fab incorporation into CKP-NLPs led to a substantial improvement in NLP stability (half-life > 24 h) at 37 °C; also, there was no reduction in CKP activity in the Fab-CKP-NLP conjugates compared to CKP-NLPs. Altogether, our data demonstrate the potential of NLPs as a promising platform for the targeted or multidrug delivery of peptide-based drug candidates in combination with Fabs.