gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deficit of corpus callosum axons, reduced axon diameter and decreased area are markers of abnormal development of interhemispheric connections in autistic subjects (2018)

The detected pattern of pathology suggests a failure of mechanisms controlling guidance of axons during development leading to axonal deficit, and failure of mechanisms controlling axon structure. A reduction in axon diameter may affect the velocity and volume of signal transmission, and distort functional specialization of CC segments. Significant deficits in axon number and reduction in axon size in all five CC segments appear to be substantial components of brain connectome integrity distortion which may contribute to the autism phenotype.
INDUCIBLE ERYTHROMYCIN RESISTANCE IN BACTERIA (1984)

Journal Article INDUCIBLE ERYTHROMYCIN RESISTANCE IN BACTERIA Get access BERNARD WEISBLUM, MD BERNARD WEISBLUM, MD Pharmacology Department, University of Wisconsin Medical School Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar British Medical Bulletin, Volume 40, Issue 1, 1984, Pages 47–53, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a071947 Published: 01 March 1984
Approaches to the management of functional tricuspid regurgitation (2015)

Functional tricuspid regurgitation (FTR) is an acquired valvular abnormality that is most frequently encountered during the evaluation and operative management of left-sided heart failure and left heart valve disease. Observational studies have demonstrated that uncorrected significant FTR during mitral valve surgery can result in inferior early and late outcomes due to progression of FTR and underlying right heart failure. The 2012 ESC/EACTS and 2014 ACC/AHA guidelines strongly encourage the surgical correction of greater than mild tricuspid regurgitation or tricuspid annular dilation greater than 4 cm in patients undergoing left-sided valve surgery. Prospective randomized trials are needed to bolster the evidence behind the current recommendations. Percutaneous therapies in development may eventually result in less invasive options for treating FTR.
Primary specialisations in Australia: graduates’ perceptions of outcome and impact (2021)

Abstract In 2014, the Australian Government established the Teacher Education Ministerial Advisory Group (TEMAG) to advise on how teacher education programmes could ensure new teachers were adequately prepared for the classroom. Following this, the Australian Government endorsed a key recommendation of the TEMAG Action Now: Classroom Ready Teachers report, the inclusion of specialisations in primary Initial Teacher Education (ITE). This research was conducted at an Australian public university that, in 2016, had embedded specialisations in a revised primary teacher programme structure and was one of the first ITE institutions in Australia to graduate primary teachers with a specialisation. Using a mixed-methods case study design with convenience sampling, this study sought to investigate these primary graduates’ perceptions of undertaking a specialisation in relation to the development of content knowledge and pedagogical knowledge in the specialist area, as well as perceived employment advantages. This research took place over 4 years with participants having completed a Bachelor of Education (Primary) at least three months prior to participating. The participants reported benefits to having completed a primary specialisation but expressed concerns about their preparedness to teach their specialisation and whether it would result in any advantages for employment. Recommendations from the participants included teaching practice in their area of specialisation, consideration of specialist skills and changing the timetabling of the specialisation in the programme. Ultimately, there is a need for ongoing research in this area to determine the extent to which primary specialisations deliver the intended outcomes and impacts at both the policy driver level and the university level.
HCV796 (2008)

The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor HCV796 demonstrated potent anti-HCV activity consistently through enzyme inhibition assays, subgenomic replicon, and chimeric mouse studies. Strong correlations of outcomes in the mouse model were seen with subsequent clinical trials, including a plateau in dose-related antiviral activity and additive impact from combination therapy with interferon. These outcomes demonstrate the utility of the range of in vitro and in vivo models now available for anti-HCV drug development and support the potential utility of polymerase inhibitors in future combination therapies for HCV treatment.
TLR9 expression and secretion of LIF by prostate cancer cells stimulates accumulation and activity of polymorphonuclear MDSCs (2017)

Proinflammatory signals promote prostate tumorigenesis and progression, but their origins and downstream effects remain unclear. We recently demonstrated that the expression of an innate immune receptor, TLR9, by prostate cancer cells is critical for their tumor-propagating potential. We investigated whether cancer cell-intrinsic TLR9 signaling alters composition of the prostate tumor microenvironment. We generated Ras/Myc (RM9) and Myc-driven (Myc-CaP) prostate cancer cells expressing the tetracycline-inducible gene <i>Tlr9</i> (<i>Tlr9<sup>ON</sup></i> ) or the control <i>LacZ</i> (<i>LacZ<sup>ON</sup></i> ). When engrafted into mice and treated with tetracycline, <i>Tlr9<sup>ON</sup></i> , but not <i>LacZ<sup>ON</sup></i> , tumors showed accelerated growth kinetics compared with tumors in PBS-treated mice. <i>Tlr9</i> upregulation in cancer cells triggered the selective accumulation of CD11b<sup>+</sup>Ly6G<sup>HI</sup>Ly6C<sup>LO</sup> myeloid cells, phenotypically similar to PMN-MDSCs. The PMN-MDSCs from tetracycline-treated RM9-<i>Tlr9<sup>ON</sup></i> tumors increased the immunosuppressive activity of the STAT3 transcription factor, thereby more potently inhibiting T cell proliferation. We identified LIF, an IL-6-type cytokine and STAT3 activator, as a potential mediator of crosstalk between TLR9-expressing prostate cancer cells and PMN-MDSCs. Antibody-mediated LIF neutralization reduced the percentage of tumor-infiltrating PMN-MDSCs and inhibited tumor growth in mice. The clinical relevance of LIF is confirmed by the correlation between <i>TLR9</i> and <i>LIF</i> expression in prostate cancer specimens. Furthermore, blood samples from patients with prostate cancer showed elevated levels of LIF and high LIFR expression on circulating PMN-MDSCs. Our results suggest that TLR9<sup>+</sup> prostate cancers promote immune evasion via LIF-mediated expansion and activation of PMN-MDSCs. Finally, targeting TLR9/LIF/STAT3 signaling using oligonucleotide-based inhibitors, such as CpG-STAT3dODN, can offer new opportunities for prostate cancer immunotherapy.
PaP1, a Broad-Spectrum Lysin-Derived Cationic Peptide to Treat Polymicrobial Skin Infections (2022)

Most skin infections, including those complicating burns, are polymicrobial involving multiple causative bacteria. Add to this the fact that many of these organisms may be antibiotic-resistant, and a simple skin lesion or burn could soon become life-threatening. Membrane-acting cationic peptides from Gram-negative bacteriophage lysins can potentially aid in addressing the urgent need for alternative therapeutics. Such peptides natively constitute an amphipathic region within the structural composition of these lysins and function to permit outer membrane permeabilization in Gram-negative bacteria when added externally. This consequently allows the lysin to access and degrade the peptidoglycan substrate, resulting in rapid hypotonic lysis and bacterial death. When separated from the lysin, some of these cationic peptides kill sensitive bacteria more effectively than the native molecule <i>via</i> both outer and cytoplasmic membrane disruption. In this study, we evaluated the antibacterial properties of a modified cationic peptide from the broad-acting lysin PlyPa01. The peptide, termed PaP1, exhibited potent <i>in vitro</i> bactericidal activity toward numerous high priority Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, including all the antibiotic-resistant ESKAPE pathogens. Both planktonic and biofilm-state bacteria were sensitive to the peptide, and results from time-kill assays revealed PaP1 kills bacteria on contact. The peptide was bactericidal over a wide temperature and pH range and could withstand autoclaving without loss of activity. However, high salt concentrations and complex matrices were found to be largely inhibitory, limiting its use to topical applications. Importantly, unlike other membrane-acting antimicrobials, PaP1 lacked cytotoxicity toward human cells. Results from a murine burn wound infection model using methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> or multidrug-resistant <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> validated the <i>in vivo</i> antibacterial efficacy of PaP1. In these studies, the peptide enhanced the potency of topical antibiotics used clinically for treating chronic wound infections. Despite the necessity for additional preclinical drug development, the collective data from our study support PaP1 as a potential broad-spectrum monotherapy or adjunctive therapy for the topical treatment of polymicrobial infections and provide a foundation for engineering future lysin-derived peptides with improved antibacterial properties.
Demo: A robot-in-residence for data center thermal monitoring and energy efficiency management (2011)

We will demonstrate a robot for data center energy management, in action, on a simulated data center floor. We shall highlight the robot's navigation, tile and obstacle classification, event scheduling and preemption capabilities, along with its ability to discover charging docks, and successfully dock with extreme precision. We shall also show simulations on real data center layouts evincing navigational efficiency gains obtained by our latest heuristic enhancements.
ChemInform Abstract: The Cyclization of Benzonitrile 3,3‐Diarylallyl Ylides to give 3H‐2‐Benzazepines: Substituent Directive Effects and Mechanism. (1987)

Abstract The imidoyl chloride (I) is treated with potassium tert‐butoxide to give in situ the nitrile ylide (IIa); the ylide (IIb) is obtained photolytically from the azirene (III).
Structural Analysis of Collapsed, and Twisted and Collapsed, Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes by Atomic Force Microscopy (2001)

A fully collapsed multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT1) section and a different twisted and fully collapsed MWCNT were observed with tapping-mode atomic force microscopy. The collapsed section of MWCNT1 was significantly more flexible than the uncollapsed sections, and advanced 120 nm within 1 month. The collapse of MWCNT1 was most likely initiated by its interaction with the surface, and possibly a water meniscus. The ability of carbon nanotubes to radially deform under the influence of surface interactions is in striking contrast with their extremely high axial rigidity.
Binaural reproduction of self-generated sound in virtual acoustic environments (2017)

User interaction with the virtual acoustic environment (VAE) has become of increasing interest in research. However, so far little attention has been paid to interaction by means of self-generated sound, like, for example, the own voice, even though this would open up new possibilities for natural interaction. Moreover, there is evidence that adequate reproduction of self-generated sound might enhance presence. This paper presents a system that allows such interaction with the VAE. For this, the so-called reactive VAE captures the self-generated sound, feeds it back into the virtual room, and provides the acoustic response to the actions of the user in real time. The specific features are that the system considers the dynamic directivity of the sound source and that it generally works with any source. The paper describes the implementation of the system, a technical evaluation that confirms basic functionality, and two implementation examples. Moreover, the study discusses technical general conditions of the system architecture. The potential applications of the reactive VAE are diverse, including use as a virtual practice room for musicians or as a research tool. In future work, the system will provide a basis for experiments investigating the influence of self-generated sound on human perceptual processes.
Figure S1 from Genetic Predictors of Response to Systemic Therapy in Esophagogastric Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Comparison of mutation frequencies in non-MSI-H tumors in the MSK cohort vs. TCGA and comparison of mutation frequencies in primary vs. metastatic samples in the MSK cohort.&lt;/p&gt;
Comparison between a novel tap water wound irrigation device with sterile saline device in an open traumatic wound animal model (2019)

Study objective Open traumatic wounds present to US emergency departments at a rate of approximately 12 million per year. Tap water wound irrigation usage has not been adopted by providers thus negating a potential cost saving of approximately US$65,600,000 per year when compared to saline irrigation. A novel tap water wound irrigation device can reduce bacterial counts in rats inoculated with MRSA as effectively as a commonly used sterile saline wound irrigation system. Methods Two groups of six Sprague–Dawley rats were used for this study. Two 3 cm incisions were made into the dorsum of each Sprague–Dawley rat and each incision was inoculated with 100 µl of MRSA. One wound served as the control, the other wound was either irrigated with the sterile saline wound irrigation system or a novel tap water wound irrigation device. The wounds were homogenized, plated, and bacterial colonies were enumerated to determine the final concentration of bacteria in each wound. Results There was no significant statistical difference in the reduction of MRSA in wounds treated with the sterile saline system relative to wounds treated with tap water (one-way ANOVA with post hoc Dunnet's test). Conclusion The novel tap water wound irrigation device is as effective as the sterile saline wound irrigation device at reducing bacterial counts in a rat laceration model when compared to non-irrigated controls. Adopting the use of a convenient, effective, and inexpensive wound irrigation system using tap water could help save the health care system millions of dollars in direct costs, shipping cost, and would not be affected by saline shortages.
On small antenna measurements in a realistic MIMO scenario (2010)

This paper deals with the challenges related to<br/>evaluating the performance of multiple, small terminal antennas<br/>within a natural MIMO environment. The focus is on the<br/>antenna measurement accuracy. First a method is presented for<br/>measuring small phone mock-ups, with the use of optical fibers.<br/>The problem using coaxial cable is explained and a solution<br/>suitable for long distance channel sounding is presented. A large<br/>scale measurement campaign is then described. Special attention<br/>is paid to bring the measurement setup as close as possible to a<br/>realistic LTE network of the future, with attention to base station<br/>location, number of base station antennas, antenna prototypes<br/>design, user interaction, etc.<br/>
Pro-inflammatory mediators and neutrophils are increased in synovial fluid from heifers with acute ruminal acidosis (2019)

The overall results indicate that IL-1β, IL-6 and PGE<sub>2</sub>, were the earliest proinflammatory parameters that increased in the synovial fluid of animals with ARA. Furthermore, the most sever inflammatory response in the joint was observed after 24 h and could be associated with a massive presence of neutrophils and release of aggNETs.
„Grundgerüstwechsel“ (Scaffold-Hopping) durch topologische Pharmakophorsuche: ein Beitrag zum virtuellen Screening (1999)

Eine chemisch gestützte Templatsuche (CATS=chemically advanced template search), die auf topologischen Pharmakophor-Modellen basiert, wurde als Arbeitstechnik für virtuelles Screening entwickelt. Mit dieser Methode gelang es, auf der Grundlage einer Korrelationsvektordarstellung in einer Bibliothek von mehreren hunderttausend Verbindungen erfolgreich neue wirksame Ca2+-Antagonisten wie 2 zu identifizieren, die eine ähnliche Aktivität wie 1 (ein bekannter T-Kanal-Blocker) haben.
Exogenous thrombospondin‐1 induces a signal transduction modifying the LNCaP cell genotype from pro‐angiogenic to anti‐angiogenic: description of a potential mechanism of action (2007)

The expression of CD36, a TSP1 receptor on the surface of LNCaP(prostate cancer cell line) allows cells to express TSP1 on their surface, to induce cell‐signaling, promote cell‐cell interaction and invasion. Recently, the TSP1 gene has been found to be up‐regulated on LNCaP cells. Despite a pronounced CD36 expression on LNCaP cells, TSP1 cell‐surface expression is low in contrast to the abundant TSP1 accumulation in the cytoplasm and perinuclear region. Thus, we investigated the mechanisms associated with over‐expression of the TSP1 gene. LNCaP cells in culture were exposed to exogenous TSP1 (1ug/ml) for 24 hrs prior to mRNA and protein extraction. Western‐blotting technique was utilized to visualize TSP1. By the use of Oligo GEArray for human angiogenesis, 120 genes were evaluated. Western‐blotting technique revealed a truncated form of TSP1 (68 kDa), which was not due to proteolytic fragmentation of the intact TSP1 molecule (180kDa). This finding may explain the lack of TSP1 cell‐surface expression and its accumulation in the cytoplasm of LNCaP cells. Thirty‐three up‐regulated related angiogenic genes including TGFB2, IL1b and PDGF were down‐regulated by exogenous TSP1, therefore shifting the genotype from pro‐ to anti‐angiogenic. These results suggest that CD36 signaling in response to TSP1 is intact and that targeting CD36 with TSP1 peptides may provide a potential therapeutic benefit in prostate cancer.
Differentiation of Hypertrophic Chondrocytes from Human iPSCs for the In Vitro Modeling of Chondrodysplasias (2021)

Chondrodysplasias are hereditary diseases caused by mutations in the components of growth cartilage. Although the unfolded protein response (UPR) has been identified as a key disease mechanism in mouse models, no suitable in vitro system has been reported to analyze the pathology in humans. Here, we developed a three-dimensional culture protocol to differentiate hypertrophic chondrocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and examine the phenotype caused by MATN3 and COL10A1 mutations. Intracellular MATN3 or COL10 retention resulted in increased ER stress markers and ER size in most mutants, but activation of the UPR was dependent on the mutation. Transcriptome analysis confirmed a UPR with wide-ranging changes in bone homeostasis, extracellular matrix composition, and lipid metabolism in the MATN3 T120M mutant, which further showed altered cellular morphology in iPSC-derived growth-plate-like structures in vivo. We then applied our in vitro model to drug testing, whereby trimethylamine N-oxide led to a reduction of ER stress and intracellular MATN3.
Estimation of Thermal Shock Properties for Silicon Nitride Having High Thermal Conductivity. (2002)

Thermal shock fracture test using an infrared radiation heating (IRH) method was performed on alumina and two kinds of silicon nitride that have high and normal thermal conductivity. The thermal shock strength, R1c, and thermal shock fracture toughness, R2c, of these materials were estimated experimentally and theoretically, where the experimentally obtained values, which were termed experimental R1c or R2c, were measured by the IRH technique, and the theoretical values were calculated using material properties, which were termed calculated R1c or R2c. The results revealed that the silicon nitride having high thermal conductivity showed three-fold higher R2c value than the silicon nitride with normal thermal conductivity. A technique for estimating the R1c value using the experimental R2c was also developed, because it is difficult to measure the thermal shock strength, R1c, for materials with high thermal shock resistance, using the IRH technique, due to insufficient heat flux.
Polypyrazoles from aromatic dipropynones and aromatic dihydrazines (1987)

Abstract Two types of polypyrazoles, unsubstituted and phenylated, were prepared by a novel synthetic route involving the cyclopolycondensation of aromatic dihydrazines and aromatic dipropynones. The polymers had inherent viscosities as high as 1.05 dL/g and were soluble in N, N ‐dimethylacetamide, chloroform (phenylated polypyrazoles only), and sulfuric acid. The polymers exhibited glass transition temperatures ranging from 202 to 266°C and polymer decomposition temperatures (10% weight loss) as measured by thermogravimetric analysis of 400–500°C in air and 465–512°C in nitrogen. The synthesis and characterization of several polypyrazoles are discussed.
Functionalized adamantylideneadamantane 1,2-dioxetanes: investigations on stable and inherently chemiluminescent compounds as a tool for clinical analysis (1987)

Article Functionalized adamantylideneadamantane 1,2-dioxetanes: investigations on stable and inherently chemiluminescent compounds as a tool for clinical analysis was published on January 1, 1987 in the journal Pure and Applied Chemistry (volume 59, issue 5).
Neurogenin 3 Expressing Cells in the Human Exocrine Pancreas Have the Capacity for Endocrine Cell Fate (2015)

Neurogenin 3 (NGN3) is necessary and sufficient for endocrine differentiation during pancreatic development and is expressed by a population of progenitor cells that give rise exclusively to hormone-secreting cells within islets. NGN3 protein can be detected in the adult rodent pancreas only following certain types of injury, when it is transiently expressed by exocrine cells undergoing reprogramming to an endocrine cell fate. Here, NGN3 protein can be detected in 2% of acinar and duct cells in living biopsies of histologically normal adult human pancreata and 10% in cadaveric biopsies of organ donor pancreata. The percentage and total number of NGN3+ cells increase during culture without evidence of proliferation or selective cell death. Isolation of highly purified and viable NGN3+ cell populations can be achieved based on coexpression of the cell surface glycoprotein CD133. Transcriptome and targeted expression analyses of isolated CD133+ / NGN3+ cells indicate that they are distinct from surrounding exocrine tissue with respect to expression phenotype and Notch signaling activity, but retain high level mRNA expression of genes indicative of acinar and duct cell function. NGN3+ cells have an mRNA expression profile that resembles that of mouse early endocrine progenitor cells. During in vitro differentiation, NGN3+ cells express genes in a pattern characteristic of endocrine development and result in cells that resemble beta cells on the basis of coexpression of insulin C-peptide, chromogranin A and pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1. NGN3 expression in the adult human exocrine pancreas marks a dedifferentiating cell population with the capacity to take on an endocrine cell fate. These cells represent a potential source for the treatment of diabetes either through ex vivo manipulation, or in vivo by targeting mechanisms controlling their population size and endocrine cell fate commitment.
Current views on inducing synthetic lethal RNAi responses in the treatment of cancer (2015)

Introduction: Cancer cells arise from normal cells that have incurred mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. The mutations are often unique and not readily found in normal cells, giving rise to the opportunity of exploiting these mutations to induce synthetic lethality. Synthetic lethality occurs when inhibition or mutation in two or more separate genes leads to cell death while inhibition or mutations of either gene alone has no lethal effect on the cell. Using RNA interference (RNAi) to identify synthetic lethality has become a growingly popular screening approach.