gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neuropilin‐1 expression by tumor cells promotes tumor angiogenesis and progression (2000)

Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) is a VEGF(165) and semaphorin receptor expressed by vascular endothelial cells (EC) and tumor cells. The function of NRP1 in tumor cells is unknown. NRP1 was overexpressed in Dunning rat prostate carcinoma AT2.1 cells using a tetracycline-inducible promoter. Concomitant with increased NRP1 expression in response to a tetracycline homologue, doxycycline (Dox), basal cell motility, and VEGF(165) binding were increased three- to fourfold in vitro. However, induction of NRP1 did not affect tumor cell proliferation. When rats injected with AT2.1/NRP1 tumor cells were fed Dox, NRP1 synthesis was induced in vivo and AT2.1 cell tumor size was increased 2.5- to 7-fold in a 3-4 wk period compared to controls. The larger tumors with induced NRP1 expression were characterized by markedly increased microvessel density, increased proliferating EC, dilated blood vessels, and notably less tumor cell apoptosis compared to noninduced controls. It was concluded that NRP1 expression results in enlarged tumors associated with substantially enhanced tumor angiogenesis.
Single-crystal resonance Raman spectroscopy of site-directed mutants of cytochrome c peroxidase (1990)

Resonance Raman spectra are reported for single crystals of cytochrome c peroxidase (CCP) mutants, taken by using a microscope equipped with a variable-temperature stage. The spectra are similar to those observed for the mutant proteins in solution, but there are detectable differences having to do with the coordination and spin state of the heme. The Asn-235 mutant contains a mixture of six-coordinate high- and low-spin states with a detectably higher fraction of the former than in solution. Upon cooling even to 223 K, the heme is converted mostly to the low-spin form. The Phe-191 mutant likewise shows a high/low-spin six-coordinate mixture, together with a preponderant population of five-coordinate heme. Upon cooling, the high-spin six-coordinate population converts immediately to the low-spin form, while the five-coordinate population does so more slowly. This behavior is intermediate between that of native CCP and the Asn-235 mutant, consistent with an ancillary role for the normal Trp-191-Asp-235 H-bond in the proximal anchoring of the heme Fe. The Phe-51 mutant shows a dominant high-spin five-coordinate heme population in the single crystal, whereas in solution the six-coordinate form is dominant. This difference is mimicked by adding 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol (MPD) to the solution and is attributed to the dehydrating effect of MPD, which is present during crystallization. Upon lowering the temperature, the five-coordinate heme converts partially to a six-coordinate high-spin form.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Cortical Representation of Ipsilateral Arm Movements in Monkey and Man (2009)

A fundamental organizational principle of the primate motor system is cortical control of contralateral limb movements. Motor areas also appear to play a role in the control of ipsilateral limb movements. Several studies in monkeys have shown that individual neurons in primary motor cortex (M1) may represent, on average, the direction of movements of the ipsilateral arm. Given the increasing body of evidence demonstrating that neural ensembles can reliably represent information with a high temporal resolution, here we characterize the distributed neural representation of ipsilateral upper limb kinematics in both monkey and man. In two macaque monkeys trained to perform center-out reaching movements, we found that the ensemble spiking activity in M1 could continuously represent ipsilateral limb position. Interestingly, this representation was more correlated with joint angles than hand position. Using bilateral electromyography recordings, we excluded the possibility that postural or mirror movements could exclusively account for these findings. In addition, linear methods could decode limb position from cortical field potentials in both monkeys. We also found that M1 spiking activity could control a biomimetic brain-machine interface reflecting ipsilateral kinematics. Finally, we recorded cortical field potentials from three human subjects and also consistently found evidence of a neural representation for ipsilateral movement parameters. Together, our results demonstrate the presence of a high-fidelity neural representation for ipsilateral movement and illustrates that it can be successfully incorporated into a brain-machine interface.
Evidence and clinical relevance of maternal-fetal cardiac coupling: A scoping review (2023)

From the synthesis of the available literature on MFCC presented in this scoping review, it seems evident that MFCC does indeed exist and may have clinical relevance in tracking fetal well-being and development during pregnancy.
Highly regio- and enantio-selective rhodium-catalysed asymmetric hydroformylation without organic solvents (1999)

High enantioselectivity and unprecedented high regioselectivity without the need for hazardous organic solvents are achieved in rhodium-catalysed asymmetric hydroformylation with the perfluoroalkyl-substituted ligand (R,S)-3-H2F6-BINAPHOS, whereby the substitution pattern of the ligand is crucial for its successful use in compressed carbon dioxide and for the increased regioselectivity.
Small-cell lung cancer: translational research enroute to therapeutic advances. (2008)

Hann/Rudin Article Reviewed. Hann and Rudin have provided a comprehensive and thoughtful review of the current management of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC).
Fluence rate effects in photodynamic therapy of multicell tumor spheroids. (1993)

EMT6/Ro spheroids approximately 500 microns in diameter were subjected to photodynamic therapy administered at various incident radiation fluence rates. Following 24 h incubation with 10 micrograms/ml Photofrin, groups of spheroids were irradiated at 630 nm with an identical fluence of 60 J/cm2, delivered at fluence rates ranging from 25 to 200 mW/cm2. After treatment, spheroids were dissociated, cell yields were determined, and surviving cells were assayed for their colony-forming ability. A surviving fraction was calculated for each treatment group by computing the product of the fractional cell yield and the plating efficiency. The results exhibit a strong dependence on the fluence rate, with surviving fractions decreasing from approximately 0.5 to 0.07 as the incident fluence rate was lowered from 200 to 25 mW/cm2. These data were analyzed using a mathematical model of photochemical oxygen consumption in spheroids undergoing photodynamic therapy. Calculations showed that therapy-induced oxygen consumption creates hypoxic volumes within which cells would be protected from singlet oxygen-mediated damage and that the magnitude of these hypoxic volumes depends on the radiation fluence rate. The fluence rate dependence of the spheroid cell survival was consistent with such an interpretation.
Facile Preparation and Characterization of Nano-Crystalline SrTiO 3 (2014)

Strontium titanate (SrTiO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) nanocrystals have been synthesized, for the first time, through a facile method using SrC&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;·H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O-TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; precursor. DTA-TG techniques were used to follow the titanate formation process. XRD and FT-IR measurements were used to characterize the intermediate decomposition products as well as the titanate formation. XRD showed single-phase, crystalline, cubic perovskite with a lattice constant of 3.9017 Å. TEM image exhibited agglomerated cubic particles with size of about 70 nm. BET measurements, used to characterize the surface properties, revealed a surface area of 9.5 m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; g&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;. The study of the electrical properties as a function of temperature and frequency exhibited semiconducting behavior with conduction activation energy of 0.45 eV. Kinetic analysis of non-isothermal TG curves, using three different computational integral methods revealed an activation energy value, for the titanate formation, of 240 kJ mol&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; according to the phase boundary controlled mechanism (R&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;).
A performance model for X10 applications (2011)

To reliably write high performance code in any programming language, an application programmer must have some understanding of the performance characteristics of the language's core constructs. We call this understanding a performance model for the language. Some aspects of a performance model are fundamental to the programming language and are expected to be true for any plausible implementation of the language. Other aspects are less fundamental and merely represent design choices made in a particular version of the language's implementation.
The synthesis of novel prostaglandin analogues via cycloaddition reactions (1990)

The total synthesis of the cyclobutane prostaglandin analogues (4) and (5), and their subsequent conversion to the γ-lactones (6) and (7), γ-lactam (8) and cyclopentanone (9) is described. The cornerstone of the synthetic strategy is the intermolecular [2 + 2] cycloaddition of dichloroketene to a suitably functionalised enol ether.
An enhanced photonic crystal biosensor‐based immunodiagnostic assay for detection of soluble transferrin receptor as a biomarker of iron deficiency (813.7) (2014)

Identification of populations at risk for iron deficiency is of critical concern. Studies on the detection of soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) using a PC biosensor assay are presented. sTfR (85kDa) is a favorable biomarker of iron status as it is less confounded by inflammation related factors. PCs are periodic dielectric surface structures designed to reflect a narrow band of wavelengths when illuminated by a broadband light source. Adsorption and binding of biomolecules on the PC surface elicits a wavelength shift (PWV) measured in nm. The PC surface of 384‐well microplate was functionalized with silane for immobilization of capture antibodies (Ab), followed by a blocking step. sTfR antigen was added before secondary Ab was dispensed in standard and control wells. Secondary Ab was functionalized with iron‐oxide nanoparticles (30 nm) to enhance signal‐to‐noise ratio. Antigen‐Ab interactions were followed using the BIND system. A sTfR standard curve (200‐5 ng/ml) was created and compared against a commercial ELISA kit. Ab selectivity, limit of detection (LOD), and dose‐response were evaluated (two experiments, n=4/sample). The PC biosensor showed a LOD of 28 ng/ml, a linear response ([PWV=0.8 + 8.4(ug/ml) ‐1 ]; R 2 =0.98) and limited non‐specific binding against BSA. This study demonstrates the feasibility of the PC biosensor as an immunodiagnostic assay for sTfR detection. Grant Funding Source : ACES VISION 20/20 Grant
All-optical spatial multicasting using cascaded silicon photonic devices (2009)

We demonstrate all-optical spatial multicasting enabled by nanophotonic devices in two cascaded silicon chips. We evaluate each spatially-multicasted signal using 10-Gb/s BER measurements, facilitating the path towards fully-monolithic photonic integrated circuits performing complex network-level functionalities.
Abstract P431: Renal Artery Stenosis Caused by a Bcr-Abl Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor: Blood Pressure Response to Revascularization (2017)

Introduction: Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are first line agents for management of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Amongst the second generation TKIs, which have less resistance and improved side effect profile, nilotinib and ponatinib have also been reported to be associated with vascular adverse events (VAEs), including systemic and peripheral arterial stenosis. We report on a patient with CML treated with ponatinib, who developed bilateral renal artery stenoses, difficult to control hypertension, and responded to revascularization. Case: A 55 year old man, with CML due to a Bcr-Abl truncating mutation diagnosed in 2007, was treated with ponatinib 45 mg daily starting in 2011, which induced a complete remission. He subsequently developed hypertension. Hypertension appeared angiotensin II-dependent as BP normalized on combination of candesartan 32 mg once daily and hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg once daily. This treatment was however associated with an increase in serum creatinine from 1.4 to 2.6 mg/dL. Consistent with our clinical suspicion, a computed tomography angiogram revealed bilateral renal artery stenosis. He eventually required bilateral renal artery angioplasty and stenting as the BP could not be controlled without renin-angiotensin system blockers despite using up 5 classes of BP lowering drugs. Furthermore, follow up imaging of renal arteries showed progressive renal artery stenosis bilaterally. He underwent angioplasty and stenting in the left renal artery and angioplasty of both the branches of the right main renal artery, which could not be stented because of the early branching. After 6 months, BP is within target with 8 mg candesartan, amlodipine 10 mg and bisoprolol 2.5 mg daily, and the renal function is stable (creatinine 1.1 mg/dL). Overall, in this case, renal artery angioplasty and stenting stabilized renal function and improved control of hypertension. Discussion: Second generation TKIs are associated with VAEs, including renal artery stenosis. Renal artery angioplasty and stenting stabilized renal function and improved control of hypertension in this case. Future research should clarify the mechanisms of VAEs with TKIs, natural history, and long term response to revascularization in this setting.
Overview on Roles of Wettability and Elasticity of Soft Matters for Emerging Technologies (2010)

The fundamental aspects of the wettability and the elasticity of soft matters, particularly, functional polymer solutions, lipid membranes, and biological cells in the development of new technologies are overviewed from the basic principles and underlying physics. The key concept is how to control interfacial interactions between solid substrates and soft matters through surface modification. Two representative examples are demonstrated to discuss the underlying physics behind the pattern and domain formation; one of them is multi-dimensional generation of heterogeneous organic arrays and the other is micro-patterning of red blood cells on lipid membranes
Forty years ago—the first paper (2004)

In the 1950s and 1960s, chemistry was seen as a romantic and thrilling scientific discipline that promised to improve people's lives beyond measure. It was during this exciting time that The Chemical Society decided to launch a new journal aimed at disclosing the latest research results in a quick, direct, and brief way. Organic chemist, Professor Hans Wynberg of the University of Groningen in the Netherlands wrote the very first paper in Chemical Communications. What was it like to do research then? Wynberg, now 82 years of age, gave Bert Meijer some insights when he recently visited him in his lake-side home in Groningen.
An extension to on-line multiplication lower bound results (1974)

The improved lower bound result of Fischer et al. &lt;2&gt; is extended to a larger class of machines, namely from uniform BAM's to "simple" BAM's.
Guest Editorial: Special Issue on New Trends in Smart Chips and Smart Hardware (2019)

The articles in this special section aim to promote novel research investigations in low power and low latency of smart chips and smart hardware for machine learning and biologically-plausible learning.
Dose intensity of cisplatin and gemcitabine (CG) for muscle invasive urothelial bladder cancer (MIUBC) in the neoadjuvant versus adjuvant settings: The Fox Chase Cancer Center (FCCC) experience (2009)

e16012 Background: Despite radical cystectomy (RC), subjects with MIUBC remain at risk of recurrence and optimal timing of chemotherapy remains unclear. Historically, we offered adjuvant (ADJ) CG to patients (pts) with T≥3 or node positive tumors. Since Dec 2005, neoadjuvant (NEO) CG treatment has been our preferred approach for pts with ≥T2 tumors. We compare our results with NEO and ADJ CG, including pathologic response after NEO CG. Methods: We reviewed records of patients who underwent RC for MIUBC and received at least 2 cycles of perioperative CG between Jan 2002 and Dec 2008at FCCC. We used Fisher's exact and Wilcoxon tests, as well as Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE), to compare baseline patient characteristics, dose intensity, completion, and complication rates in the ADJ and NEO groups. Results: Results of 22 ADJ and 17 NEO patients are shown below. Characteristics of age, gender, race, preop T stage and ECOG performance status (PS) ≤1 were similar. There was no significant difference in preoperative T stage between groups (p=0.2). The delivery of full doses (C 70mg/m 2 ,G 1000 mg/m 2 ) of GC were similar in the NEO vs the ADJ group. The delay between RC and chemotherapy may be shorter in the patients treated preoperatively, and trended toward significance (p=0.06). Reasons for dose modifications and delays are also shown in the Table . Of pts treated with NEO CG, 10/17 (55.7%) were ≤pT1 with 9 of those 10 pts also pN0 (52.9% of 17 pts) . 5/17 (29.4%) had positive lymph nodes at RC. Conclusions: CG for MIUBC is well tolerated in the NEO setting, with dose intensity comparable to that delivered adjuvantly. NEO pathologic downstaging with CG appears comparable to historical results with MVAC, and should be confirmed in larger, prospective studies. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Signaling and Transcriptional Changes Critical for Transformation of Human Cells by Simian Virus 40 Small Tumor Antigen or Protein Phosphatase 2A B56γ Knockdown (2004)

One set of genes sufficient for transformation of primary human cells uses the combination of Ha-Ras-V12, the telomerase catalytic subunit hTERT, SV40 large tumor antigen (LT), and SV40 small tumor antigen (ST). Whereas SV40 LT inactivates the retinoblastoma protein and p53, the contribution of ST is poorly understood. The essential helper function of ST requires a functional interaction with protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). Here we have identified changes in gene expression induced by ST and show that ST mediates these changes through both PP2A-dependent and PP2A-independent mechanisms. Knockdown of PP2A B56gamma subunit can substitute for ST expression to fully transform cells expressing LT, hTERT, and Ras-V12. We also identify those genes affected similarly in two cell lines that have been fully transformed from a common parental line by two alternative mechanisms, namely ST expression or PP2A B56gamma subunit knockdown. ST altered expression of genes involved in proliferation, apoptosis, integrin signaling, development, immune responses, and transcriptional regulation. ST reduced surface expression of MHC class I molecules, consistent with a need for SV40 to evade immune detection. ST expression enabled cell cycle progression in reduced serum and src phosphorylation in anchorage-independent media, whereas B56gamma knockdown required normal serum levels for these phenotypes. Inhibitors of integrin and src signaling prevented anchorage-independent growth of transformed cells, suggesting that integrin and src activation are key ST-mediated events in transformation. Our data support a model in which ST promotes survival through constitutive integrin signaling, src phosphorylation, and nuclear factor kappaB activation, while inhibiting cell-cell adhesion pathways.
Novel at-Design-Rule Via-to-Metal Overlay Metrology for 193-nm Lithography (2004)

The effect of scanner aberrations on pattern placement errors (PPE) in the copper interconnect lithography process is studied both in simulations and experimentally. A new grating-based overlay mark, advanced imaging metrology, enables measuring device feature overlay. It is shown that the grating mark exhibits superior performance over conventional box-in-box marks. A comparison between grating-based optical and direct CD scanning electron microscopic (SEM) device overlay measurements was done. Both CD SEM and grating mark optical measurements show sensitivity to PPE. Good matching between the new grating target and device overlays was demonstrated.
Electromagnetic simulation of gas discharge effects in RF microgaps (2013)

Gas discharge can be ignited in micro-scale gaps even with small voltages commonly found in many RF applications, electronic devices and miniaturized antennas. This discharge may eventually lead to gas breakdown which could result in performance degradation or even device failure. In this paper, an algorithm for the simulation of electromagnetic effects of gas discharge phenomena is presented. For this end, the effective permittivity and conductivity of the gap is calculated based on the electron number density which itself is extracted by particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision simulation. This technique may provide an ability to predict probable degradation as well as failure-free operating regimes.
Direct access test scheme-implementation and verification in embedded ASIC designs (2002)

The direct access test scheme (DATS) that eliminates the designer's burden of embedded block cell test generation is discussed. This scheme provides for testing of embedded block cells using proven test vectors. The implementation and automatic verification of DATS in ASIC designs is discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Suppression of TRPM7 by carvacrol protects against injured spinal cord by inhibiting blood-spinal cord barrier disruption (2021)

Abstract When the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) is disrupted after a spinal cord injury (SCI), several pathophysiological cascades occur, including inflammation and apoptotic cell death of neurons and oligodendrocytes, resulting in permanent neurological deficits. Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) is involved in the pathological processes in many neuronal diseases, including traumatic brain injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, parkinsonism dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease. Furthermore, carvacrol (CAR), a TRPM7 inhibitor, is known to protect against SCI by reducing oxidative stress and inhibiting the endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway. However, the functions of TRPM7 in the regulation of BSCB homeostasis after SCI have not been examined. Here, we demonstrated that TRPM7, a calcium-mediated non-selective divalent cation channel, plays a critical role after SCI in rat. Rats were contused at T9 and given CAR (50 mg/kg) via intraperitoneally immediately and 12 hours after SCI, and then given the same dose once a day for 7 days. TRPM7 was found to be up-regulated after SCI in both in vitro and in vivo studies, and it was expressed in blood vessels alongside neurons and oligodendrocytes. Additionally, CAR treatment suppressed BSCB disruption by inhibiting the loss of TJ proteins and preserved TJ integrity. CAR also reduced apoptotic cell death and improved functional recovery after SCI by preventing BSCB disruption caused by blood infiltration and inflammatory responses. Based on these findings, we propose that blocking the TRPM7 channel can inhibit the destruction of the BSCB and it is a potential target in therapeutic drug development for use in SCI.