gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evidence That Inhibin Plays a Major Role in the Regulation of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Secretion in the Fully Adult Male Rhesus Monkey (Macaca mulatto)* (1991)

In the juvenile male rhesus monkey in which an adult-like pattern of endocrine activity in the pituitary-testicular axis is imposed by pulsatile stimulation with exogenous GnRH, administration of inhibin antiserum elicits a marked and selective hypersecretion of FSH. This finding suggests that in the monkey, testicular inhibin plays a major role in the postpubertal regulation of this gonadotropin. The purpose of the present study was to confirm this view more directly. To this end, 10 adult male rhesus monkeys were implanted with indwelling venous catheters and housed in specialized cages that permit continuous access to the venous circulation with minimal restraint and without tranquilization. Six of the males received a continuous infusion of an ovine antiserum to the alpha-subunit of human inhibin (iv bolus injection of 2.22 ml/kg BW, followed by a continuous infusion of serum at 0.62 ml/kg BW.24 h), and 4 animals received a similar infusion of control ovine immune serum. The duration of the infusion of the inhibin antiserum ranged from 2.5-7.5 days, and that for the control serum was 7.5 days. The FSH response to immunoneutralization of circulating inhibin was determined by measuring concentrations of this gonadotropin in sequential plasma samples collected between 1900-2300 h on the day before initiation of the anti-serum infusion and, depending on the duration of the infusion, on days 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 4.5, and 6.5 of antiserum administration. In 5 of the 6 animals that received the inhibin antiserum, a progressive hypersecretion of FSH was observed during the initial 2.5 days of the infusion. This increase in circulating FSH concentration, which reached, by day 2.5 of treatment, a value 2- to 3-fold greater (P less than 0.05) than the pretreatment control level, was not associated with changes in either LH or testosterone levels. Continuation of the infusion of the inhibin antiserum beyond 2.5 days invariably resulted in a marked decline in LH and testosterone secretion, suggesting that the hypophysiotropic drive to the pituitary-testicular axis may have been compromised, presumably by a mechanism related to the infusion of heterologous serum. Infusion of the control immune serum for 2.5 days was not associated with an elevation of circulating FSH concentrations, and changes in circulating concentrations of plasma LH and testosterone were, as expected, unremarkable. Continuation of the infusion of control serum, like that of antiserum, generally resulted in a temporary but precipitous decline in LH and testosterone secretion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
A Survey on Trusted Distributed Artificial Intelligence (2022)

Emerging Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems are revolutionizing computing and data processing approaches with their strong impact on society. Data is processed with automated labelling pipelines rather than providing it as input to the system. The innovative nature increases the overall performance of monitoring/detection/reaction mechanisms for efficient system resource management. However, due to hardware-driven design limitations, networking and trust mechanisms are not flexible and adaptive enough to be able to interact and control the resources dynamically. Novel adaptive software-driven design approaches can enable us to build growing intelligent mechanisms with software-defined networking (SDN) features by virtualizing network functionalities with maximized features. These challenges and critical feature sets have been identified and introduced into this survey with their scientific background for AI systems and growing intelligent mechanisms. Furthermore, obstacles and research challenges between 1950-2021 are explored and discussed with a focus on recent years. The challenges are categorized according to three defined architectural perspectives (central, decentral/autonomous, distributed/hybrid) for emerging trusted distributed AI mechanisms. Therefore, resiliency and robustness can be assured in a dynamic context with an end-to-end Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) for growing intelligent mechanisms and systems. Furthermore, as presented in the paper, the trust measurement, quantification, and justification methodologies on top of Trusted Distributed AI (TDAI) can be applied in emerging distributed systems and their underlying diverse application domains, which will be explored and experimented in our future related works.
Disposable, Paper-Based, Inkjet-Printed Humidity and H2S Gas Sensor for Passive Sensing Applications (2016)

An inkjet-printed, fully passive sensor capable of either humidity or gas sensing is presented herein. The sensor is composed of an interdigitated electrode, a customized printable gas sensitive ink and a specialized dipole antenna for wireless sensing. The interdigitated electrode printed on a paper substrate provides the base conductivity that varies during the sensing process. Aided by the porous nature of the substrate, a change in relative humidity from 18% to 88% decreases the electrode resistance from a few Mega-ohms to the kilo-ohm range. For gas sensing, an additional copper acetate-based customized ink is printed on top of the electrode, which, upon reaction with hydrogen sulphide gas (H₂S) changes, both the optical and the electrical properties of the electrode. A fast response time of 3 min is achieved at room temperature for a H₂S concentration of 10 ppm at a relative humidity (RH) of 45%. The passive wireless sensing is enabled through an antenna in which the inner loop takes care of conductivity changes in the 4-5 GHz band, whereas the outer-dipole arm is used for chipless identification in the 2-3 GHz band.
Influence of the Film-Electrode Interface in Thin-Film Capacitors (2002)

Some variations in the dielectric parameters in thin films to those in bulk ceramics have been observed in recent years. An interfacial layer between the ferroelectric film and the electrode is believed to be responsible for this behaviour. A series of Ba 0.7 Sr 0.3 TiO 3 samples with thicknesses ranging from 30 nm to 370 nm have been deposited on Pt-coated Si-wafers by chemical solution deposition (CSD) method. In this contribution investigations of the interface capacity with respect to a temperature dependence in a temperature range between 20 K and 550 K will be presented. Conclusions are drawn on the influence of the interface capacity on the thickness dependence of the dielectric constant.
80nm In<inf>0.52</inf>Al<inf>0.48</inf>As/In<inf>0.53</inf>Ga<inf>0.47</inf>As/InAs<inf>0.3</inf>P<inf>0.7</inf> Composite channel HEMT with an f<inf>T</inf> of 280GHz (2007)

We have demonstrated a high performance 80nm gate In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.52</sub> Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.48</sub> As/In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.53</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.47</sub> As/InAs <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.3</sub> P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.7</sub> composite channel HEMT. The device has a g <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> as high as 1 S/mm and an f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> 280 GHz. To complete this study, the noise and power performance of such device will be further studied and compared with conventional InGaAs channel devices in near future.
Effects of strain on magnetic anisotropy in Fe- and Co-based heterostructures (2008)

The magnetic ordering in transition metals is strongly affected by any strain in the lattice, due to the close connection between strain and anisotropy. This article reviews recent developments, both experimental and theoretical, in the field of strain-induced magnetic anisotropies, with focus on films and multilayers based on Fe and Co. It is demonstrated that the reorientation of preferred magnetization directions can be controlled through both the growth direction and the strain state, which is caused by interleaving with suitable spacers, as well as by tuning the chemical composition if the magnetic material is an alloy. Both in-plane and out-of-plane easy directions can be forced upon the films and superlattices in this manner. Some methods for local structural manipulation are also reviewed.
Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry imaging of metals in experimental and clinical Wilson's disease (2015)

Wilson's disease is an autosomal recessive disorder in which the liver does not properly release copper into bile, resulting in prominent copper accumulation in various tissues. Affected patients suffer from hepatic disorders and severe neurological defects. Experimental studies in mutant mice in which the copper-transporting ATPase gene (Atp7b) is disrupted revealed a drastic, time-dependent accumulation of hepatic copper that is accompanied by formation of regenerative nodes resembling cirrhosis. Therefore, these mice represent an excellent exploratory model for Wilson's disease. However, the precise time course in hepatic copper accumulation and its impact on other trace metals within the liver is yet poorly understood. We have recently established novel laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry protocols allowing quantitative metal imaging in human and murine liver tissue with high sensitivity, spatial resolution, specificity and quantification ability. By use of these techniques, we here aimed to comparatively analyse hepatic metal content in wild-type and Atp7b deficient mice during ageing. We demonstrate that the age-dependent accumulation of hepatic copper is strictly associated with a simultaneous increase in iron and zinc, while the intrahepatic concentration and distribution of other metals or metalloids is not affected. The same findings were obtained in well-defined human liver samples that were obtained from patients suffering from Wilson's disease. We conclude that in Wilson's disease the imbalances of hepatic copper during ageing are closely correlated with alterations in intrahepatic iron and zinc content.
Safe distribution and parallel execution of data-centric workflows over the publish/subscribe abstraction (2016)

We present a unique representation of data-centric workflows, designed to exploit the loosely coupled nature of publish/subscribe systems to enable their safe distribution and parallel execution. We argue for the practicality of our approach by mapping a standard and industry-strength data-centric workflow model, namely, IBM Business Artifacts with Guard-Stage-Milestone (GSM), into the publish/subscribe abstraction.
Optimization of GaAs nanowire solar cell efficiency via optoelectronic modeling (2015)

We have developed a fully-coupled optoelectronic device model integrating two commercial software packages: COMSOL Multiphysics and Synopsys TCAD Sentaurus. This model is used to optimize GaAs nanowire solar cells containing a vertical p-n junction with passivating shell. We investigate the impact of the nanowire diameter, height, emitter thickness, square-array periodicity, and doping on the cell performance. This model allows quantitative optimization of device parameters. Under normal-incidence 1-sun AM1.5D illumination and with attainable material parameters, a design capable of reaching efficiency over 22.2% is reported.
Oxide mobility enhancement due to bias sputtering in perpendicular recording media (2006)

This study addresses some consideration of oxide mobility in two types of oxide composite perpendicular media A (CoCrPt-SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) and B (FePt-MgO). The effects of bias sputtering on the morphology of the deposited composite film was examined. Results show that although the preferential sputtering seems different, the enhanced grain separation in the biased films is similar for the two media, which suggests that biasing is generally effective in driving the segregation. This is ascribed to an increase in Ar ion bombardment of the substrate during bias sputtering, which helps to increase mobility of the oxide molecules on the growing surface such that they reach grain boundaries.
Synthesis of 2‐Oxazolines Mediated by N,N′‐Diisopropylcarbodiimide. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Abstract 2789: Interaction of (+)-discodermolide-Taxol hybrids with microtubules (2012)

Abstract Taxol and discodermolide are both microtubule stabilizing agents that bind to the β-tubulin subunit of microtubules. Based on our results that the hydrophobic binding pocket of β-tubulin is occupied by the Taxol side chain but not by (+)-discodermolide, and that the two drugs act synergistically in cancer cell lines, a small library of (+)-discodermolide-Taxol hybrids was synthesized (J. Med. Chem. 54:6319, 2011). Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated a 2-9-fold increase in antiproliferative activity by the hybrids compared to discodermolide in the human cancer cell lines, A549 and MCF-7. Hybrids containing a tether of 3 carbons that connect discodermolide with the Taxol side chain, exhibited the best activity. Tubulin assembly assays were performed with the two most potent hybrid molecules. Like discodermolide, these two hybrids increased tubulin assembly rapidly without a lag period. Tubulin polymerization studies using purified bovine brain tubulin demonstrated that they also had the greatest effect on the formation of polymerized microtubules. These results also were observed in intact A549 cells and in 100,000 x g supernatants prepared from these cells. We have previously shown that [3H]2-(m-azidobenzoyl)Taxol photolabels a peptide containing amino acid residues 217-231 of β-tubulin. A 5-fold molar excess of unlabeled compound inhibited the photolabeling of purified bovine brain tubulin by 94%, demonstrating the specificity of this photolabeling. Microtubule stabilizing agents (MSAs), such as Taxol, epothilone B, discodermolide and ixabepilone, each at a 5-fold molar excess, inhibited the photolabeling by 24%, 92%, 100% and 41%, respectively, indicating that discodermolide is the most potent inhibitor of the photolabeling. In contrast, two other MSAs, laulimalide and peloruside that are known to bind to a different site in β-tubulin, exhibited stimulatory effects on the photolabeling. Both drugs, at a 5-fold molar excess, increased the labeling by 30-40%. [3H]2-(m-azidobenzoyl)Taxol (0.5 - 20 µM) was used to study the kinetics of the inhibitory effects of the hybrid molecules on photoaffinity labeling of tubulin. Discodermolide-Taxol hybrids inhibited the photolabeling of bovine brain tubulin in a dose dependent manner. The concentrations that inhibited by 50% were lowest for the two most potent hybrid molecules. Therefore, the tubulin polymerization activity and the binding affinity of the hybrids to β-tubulin correlated with their antiproliferative activity. Other biological properties of the discodermolide-Taxol hybrids including senescence and antitumor activity are being evaluated. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2789. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2789
Multi-modal, Pre-emptive Analgesia Decreases the Length of Hospital Stay Following Total Joint Arthroplasty (2009)

Traditional treatment of pain following total joint arthroplasty involves postoperative oral narcotic medications and intravenous patient-controlled analgesia, both of which can result in significant postoperative morbidity. Multi-modal analgesia involving >or=2 classes of drugs acting on different receptor types may be as effective as single-narcotic/patient-controlled analgesia with fewer analgesic-related side effects. In addition, administering analgesia prior to surgery (pre-emptive) may reduce postoperative pain intensity. The current study was designed to compare the impact of multi-modal pre-emptive analgesia versus patient-controlled analgesia on postoperative nausea, rehabilitation participation, and length of stay following total joint arthroplasty. A retrospective chart review and comparison was performed for patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty who received either postoperatively patient-controlled analgesia or pre-emptive analgesia (scheduled postoperative oxycodone and a COX-2 inhibitor). Length of hospital stay for the pre-emptive group averaged 2.74 vs 3.28 days for patient-controlled analgesia patients. The patient-controlled analgesia group consumed significantly more intravenous morphine (17.7 mg vs 7.2) and experienced a three-fold increase in nausea. In addition, the patient-controlled analgesia group was twice as likely to miss therapy and nearly 2 times more likely to be discharged to an extended care facility. The use of pre-emptive oxycodone and a selective COX-2 inhibitor decreased postoperative narcotic requirements and increased participation in rehabilitation. In addition, patients receiving pre-emptive analgesics had a decreased hospital length of stay and reduced likelihood of discharge to a skilled nursing facility. These data support the continued study and use of pre-emptive multi-modal analgesia paradigms in this population.
Réglage de la rotation de la pièce fémorale dans les prothèses totales de genou : étude clinique et tomodensitométrique de 20 cas (2008)

The proportion of older adults using medical cannabis is rising. Therefore, we aimed to assess the effects of herbal medical cannabis on the functional status of older adults. We conducted a prospective observational study of patients aged 65 years or older that initiated cannabis treatment for different indications, mostly chronic non-cancer pain, during 2018-2020 in a specialized geriatric clinic. The outcomes assessed were activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), pain intensity, geriatric depression scale, chronic medication use, and adverse events at six months. A cohort of 119 patients began cannabis treatment: the mean age was 79.3 ± 8.5 and 74 (62.2%) were female. Of the cohort, 43 (36.1%) experienced adverse effects due to cannabis use and 2 (1.7%) required medical attention. The mean ADL scores before and after treatment were 4.4 ± 1.8 and 4.5 ± 1.8, respectively (<i>p</i> = 0.27), and the mean IADL scores before and after treatment were 4.1 ± 2.6 and 4.7 ± 3, respectively (<i>p</i> = 0.02). We concluded that medical cannabis in older adults has a number of serious adverse events, but was not associated with a decrease in functional status, as illustrated by ADL and IADL scores after six months of continuous treatment.
Radiation sensitivity enhancement in cells using high-Z nanoparticles (2010)

Cerium-doped lanthanum fluoride colloidal nanocrystals offer a way to improve radiation therapy through the enhanced absorption of high-energy photons. Lanthanum fluoride nanocrystals doped with 10% cerium and capped with oleic acid were synthesized in anhydrous methanol as platelets 3-6 nm in diameter and 1-3 nm thick. The nanocrystals were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Previously synthesized lanthanum fluoride nanocrystals doped with 10% cerium and capped with hydroxyl were used in radiation dose enhancement experiments that involved an incoming gamma flux from a 137Cs source and a FOX assay to measure absorbed energy. Possibility for lanthanide ions to be released into solution under gamma irradiation and to interfere with the assay was shown after the results were compared with the outcome of a similar previous experiment with the Fricke dosimeter solution. Finally, increased cell mortality of S. cerevisiae under gamma irradiation was observed in the presence of hydroxyl-capped lanthanum fluoride nanocrystals in the solution.
Interplay between TRAP1 and Sirtuin-3 Modulates Mitochondrial Respiration and Oxidative Stress to Maintain Stemness of Glioma Stem Cells (2019)

Glioblastoma (GBM) cancer stem cells (CSC) are primarily responsible for metastatic dissemination, resistance to therapy, and relapse of GBM, the most common and aggressive brain tumor. Development and maintenance of CSCs require orchestrated metabolic rewiring and metabolic adaptation to a changing microenvironment. Here, we show that cooperative interplay between the mitochondrial chaperone TRAP1 and the major mitochondria deacetylase sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) in glioma stem cells (GSC) increases mitochondrial respiratory capacity and reduces production of reactive oxygen species. This metabolic regulation endowed GSCs with metabolic plasticity, facilitated adaptation to stress (particularly reduced nutrient supply), and maintained "stemness." Inactivation of TRAP1 or SIRT3 compromised their interdependent regulatory mechanisms, leading to metabolic alterations, loss of stemness, and suppression of tumor formation by GSC <i>in vivo</i>. Thus, targeting the metabolic mechanisms regulating interplay between TRAP1 and SIRT3 may provide a novel therapeutic option for intractable patients with GBM. SIGNIFICANCE: Discovery and functional analysis of a TRAP1-SIRT3 complex in glioma stem cells identify potential target proteins for glioblastoma treatment.
Improved current regulators for IPM machine drives using on-line parameter estimation (2003)

Current regulators for interior permanent magnet machines have unique challenges if high performance torque regulation is to be achieved. This paper presents a novel approach for fully decoupling the problematic cross-coupling with estimated parameters from online self-tuning. In the on-line estimation algorithm, the model is formulated such that cross-coupled estimated parameters are eliminated, which improves the parameter estimation robustness. Parameter estimation is further improved by combining the model with a closed loop observer. Cross-coupling terms can then be decoupled using estimated parameters to improve the performance of the current regulator.
Ileal carbohydrate digestion in broiler chickens and humans. (1997)

Ileal digestibility trials conducted with the marker technique gives accurate information about the degradation of carbohydrates in the upper gastro intestinal tract. The marker technique gives negative digestibility values for the indigestible fibre polysaccharides, which reflects the actual accumulation of these components that occurs in the small intestine of monogastric animals. For easily absorbed components such as starch, which is almost completely absorbed in the small intestine, the marker technique gives excellent results, which also are corroborated by quantitative digestibility trials with human ileostomists.