gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Scintillation distribution functions in a marine environment (2023)

Optical propagation in a marine environment is important to understand for many applications. In this work we compare measurements of the distribution function to simulation. Measurements were conducted on the Naval Research Laboratory’s Chesapeake Bay Lasercom Testbed. The experimental data is compared to wave optics simulations, which also produces a distribution function. The dependence of the distribution function on turbulence and aperture size is studied.
Atmospheric Corrosion of Stainless Steels Used for Eaves of Buildings and Effects of Environmental Factors (1997)

Stainless steels applied to exterior walls and roofs of buildings even in coastal areas. These cases have been increasing lately.In this study, atmospheric corrosion of stainless steels used for eaves of buildings and effects of environmental factors were investigated.Results are as follows.1) Stainless steels used for the eaves corroded more severely than those for the roof. The average pit depth of specimens on the eaves was deeper and the number of pits was larger than that of specimen on the roof. The steeper the eaves' angle, the more the stainless steel corroded.2) The corrosion of the stainless steels on the eaves and the roof corresponded to the amount of chloride ion in atmospheric dust on the specimens. Atmospheric dust on the eaves was hardly washed away by the rain. Therefore, the accumulation of chloride ion on the eaves was much more than that on the roof. The humidity around the eaves was more favorable for atmospheric corrosion (RH 33 to 75%). It was though these two environmental factors (the accumulation of chloride ion, the favorable humidity) facilitated the atmospheric corrosion of stainless steels on the eaves.
Correction: Inferring Loss-of-Heterozygosity from Unpaired Tumors Using High-Density Oligonucleotide SNP Arrays (2007)

In the subsection ''Initial probabilities'' of the Results section, the first sentence was incorrect and should say: These probabilities, denoted by P 0 (RET) and P 0 (LOSS) 1 P 0 (RET), specify the probabilities of RET and LOSS for the pterminal marker on a chromosome.
A Compact Muon Accelerator for Tomography and Active Interrogation (2017)

Muons have been demonstrated to be great probes for imaging large and dense objects due to their excellent penetrating ability. At present there are no muon accelerators. Development of a compact system that can produce an intense beam of accelerated muons would provide unique imaging options for stockpile stewardship while delivering minimal radiation dose, as well as various homeland-security and industrial applications. Our novel compact accelerator approach allows a single linac to be used to first accelerate an electron beam to 800 MeV to generate muons by interacting with a production target in a high-field solenoid magnet and then to collect and accelerate these low-energy muons to 1 GeV to be used for imaging or active interrogation. The key enabling technology is a high-gradient accelerator with large energy and angular acceptances. Our proposed solution for efficient acceleration of low-energy muons is a 0-mode linac coupled with conventional electron RF accelerating structures to provide a compact system that could deliver a controllable high-flux beam of muons with well-defined energy to allow precise radiographic inspections of complicated objects. The details of the conceptual design will be discussed.
Transition Metal Salts Catalysis in the Aerobic Oxidation of Organic Compounds: Thermochemical and Kinetic Aspects and New Synthetic Developments in the Presence of N‐Hydroxy Derivative Catalysts (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Supplementary Figure S1 from A Human Ribonuclease Variant and ERK-Pathway Inhibitors Exhibit Highly Synergistic Toxicity for Cancer Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S1. Effect of kinase inhibitors and QBI-139 on the viability of human melanoma cells. Cell viability was measured with a tetrazolium dye-based assay for metabolic activity. EC50 values are listed in the table.&lt;/p&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Natural PI‐091, a New Platelet Aggregation Inhibitor of Microbial Origin. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Differentiation of focal indeterminate marrow abnormalities with multiparametric MRI (2016)

3 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;46:49-60.
The Human Interleukin-2 Receptor: Role in Normal T-cell Growth and Association with HTLV-I-induced T-cell Leukemia (1986)

Resting T cells can be activated by antigen presented by macrophages containing the proper major histocompatibility complex antigen. The general program of T-cell activation is initiated by antigen binding to specific receptors constitutively expressed on the surface of resting T cells. Antigen binding activates the coordinate de novo production of interleukin-2 (IL-2 or T-cell growth factor) and display of high- and low-affinity IL-2 receptors (for review, see Smith 1980; Greene and Robb 1985; Greene et al. 1985a). The subsequent interaction of IL-2 with the high-affinity class of IL-2 receptors stimulates T-cell growth, thus markedly expanding the antigen-reactive clonal T-cell population. The activation of these cells leads in turn to the appearance of specific effector T cells mediating helper, suppressor, and cytotoxic functions. Thus, the induction by antigen of IL-2 secretion and expression of IL-2 receptors represent important steps required for full development of the human T-cell immune response.
Low Complexity Joint Impairment Mitigation of I/Q Modulator and PA Using Neural Networks (2021)

neural networks (NNs) for multiple hardware impairments mitigation of a realistic direct conversion transmitter are impractical due to high computational complexity. We propose two methods to reduce the complexity without significant performance penalty. First, propose a novel NN with shortcut connections, referred to as shortcut real-valued time-delay neural network (SVDEN), where trainable neuron-wise shortcut connections are added between the input and output layers. Second, we implement a NN pruning algorithm that gradually removes connections corresponding to minimal weight magnitudes in each layer. Simulation and experimental results show that SVDEN with pruning achieves better performance for compensating frequency-dependent quadrature imbalance and power amplifier nonlinearity than other NN-based and Volterra-based models, while requiring less or similar complexity.
Computational analysis of multimorbidity between asthma, eczema and rhinitis (2017)

These results strongly support the existence of an allergic multimorbidity cluster between asthma, eczema and rhinitis, and suggest that type 2 signaling pathways represent a relevant multimorbidity mechanism of allergic diseases. Furthermore, we identified new candidates contributing to multimorbidity that may assist in identifying new targets for multimorbid allergic diseases.
Influence of Negative Field on Media Noise in Combinations of Capped Medium and Shielded Pole Heads (2008)

In this study, a new mechanism responsible for the increase in media noise in perpendicular magnetic recording is discussed. We observed that the media noise of a particular linear density drastically increased for some combinations of shielded pole heads and capped media with higher M <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> of cap layers and thinner SUL. A MFM observation indicated that the transition jitter increased at a linear density, which correlated with the domain width in the AC-erased region. It was assumed that the reconstruction of the magnetic domains due to the negative field around the trailing shield occurred when the transition period was comparable to the magnetic cluster size. These results indicated that the optimization of the field at the edge of the trailing shield and that of the magnetic characteristics for the cap layer were important for improving the overall R/W performance.
What Camera Motion Reveals about Shape with Unknown BRDF (2014)

Psychophysical studies show motion cues inform about shape even with unknown reflectance. Recent works in computer vision have considered shape recovery for an object of unknown BRDF using light source or object motions. This paper addresses the remaining problem of determining shape from the (small or differential) motion of the camera, for unknown isotropic BRDFs. Our theory derives a differential stereo relation that relates camera motion to depth of a surface with unknown isotropic BRDF, which generalizes traditional Lambertian assumptions. Under orthographic projection, we show shape may not be constrained in general, but two motions suffice to yield an invariant for several restricted (still unknown) BRDFs exhibited by common materials. For the perspective case, we show that three differential motions suffice to yield surface depth for unknown isotropic BRDF and unknown directional lighting, while additional constraints are obtained with restrictions on BRDF or lighting. The limits imposed by our theory are intrinsic to the shape recovery problem and independent of choice of reconstruction method. We outline with experiments how potential reconstruction methods may exploit our theory. We illustrate trends shared by theories on shape from motion of light, object or camera, relating reconstruction hardness to imaging complexity.
Alteration learning in social anxiety disorder: An fMRI study (2010)

The present study attempts to challenge the orbitofrontal cortex by using a learning paradigm which is specifically subserved by this cortical region. We implemented a version of alternation learning specifically designed for fMRI and assessed the cognitive performance and fMRI response in wide range of social anxiety disorder (SAD) severity (n=15). The main regions that were activated by the alternation learning task included portions of frontal and orbitofrontal cortex as well as the calcarine fissure. Correlations between brain activation and performance of the alternation learning task were found, among other regions, in the left and right orbitofrontal cortex. Highest correlations between degree of activation and the anxiety scores as assessed by the Leibovitch Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) were obtained in the left temporal region as well as orbitofrontal cortex. This study supports the involvement of the orbitofrontal cortex in emotion and cognitive regulation in SAD.
A Polarization Sensitive Thin Film Optical Wireless Concentrator (2022)

This paper describes the first demonstration of a dye-doped nematic liquid crystal (LC) film for use as a polarization sensitive optical wireless concentrator. A planar alignment of the LC director in the concentrator provides a wide-field-of-view of ±72° over a range of data rates.
Conferencing on trees (2009)

In this paper, we develop an optimal scheme for conferencing (i.e. all-to-all communication), in communication networks. Our scheme uses the minimum sum rate. First we state a lower bound on sum rate and show how to achieve it on networks with tree topology. This result can be used on general networks considering the spanning tree which connects the conferencing nodes.
Towards integrating key distribution with entity authentication for efficient, scalable and secure group communication in MANETs (2004)

We focus on the design of key management (KM) schemes tailored for the environment of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs). A MANET is a collection of wireless mobile nodes, communicating among themselves over possibly multi-hop paths, without the help of any infrastructure such as base stations or access points. The fact that no central authorization entity is assumed at all times for all nodes makes the task of network operations more difficult and indicates the need for distributed algorithms to provide the functions of centralized entities. KM ensures communication security among nodes and the capability of their cooperation as a secure group. It consists of key generation, user authentication and key distribution services. In this work we address key distribution, group key generation, entity authentication: we emphasize that entity authentication should be designed with key distribution algorithms in mind and vice versa, to achieve efficient and scalable KM schemes for MANETs. We present an entity authentication scheme based on the Merkle Tree algorithm, applied on a key generation protocol recently developed - MOT- to produce an efficient, scalable and secure KM scheme.
Optimizing Interstitial Photodynamic Therapy Planning With Reinforcement Learning-Based Diffuser Placement (2021)

Having a general and high-quality planning system makes iPDT more effective and applicable to a wider variety of oncological indications. This paves the way for more clinical trials.
Silver brazing of SiC ceramics to metal by using chromium metallization. (Report 1). (1988)

A new chromium (Cr) metallization process was developed for brazing or soldering of SiC ceramic to metal. This report describes the characteristics of Cr metallization, bond strength and helium leak rate of the silver brazed layer.SiC ceramics used in the experiments was hotpress-sintered material containing a small amount of BeO. It has a high thermal conductivity (270 W/m.K) and also a high electrical resistivity (1014Ω.m). Silver brazing of SiC ceramics to metal was carried out at 1073K using eutectic alloy of 72wt% Ag-28 wt% Cu.The results of this study are as follows, (1) Cr metallization was achieved by printing Cr paste on the surface of SiC ceramics, and then heating the ceramics at a temperature between 1173K and 1273K for 1.8ks in Ar atmosphere.(2) The thickness of Cr metallized layer did not depend on the thickness of printed Cr paste under the same heating condition.(3) The bending strength of the SiC/SiC and SiC/WC-Co hard alloy, brazed layer were 320MPa and 360MPa respectively at 723K and fractured through SiC. The fracture remained in the brazed layer at temperatures above 773K.(4) The helium leak rate of the silver brazed layer (combination: SiC/A1203, SiC/kovar, SiC/WC-Co) was less than 1.2×10-10 atm.cc/s even after the thermal cycle testing.
Deep Unfolded Robust PCA with Application to Clutter Suppression in\n Ultrasound (2018)

Contrast enhanced ultrasound is a radiation-free imaging modality which uses\nencapsulated gas microbubbles for improved visualization of the vascular bed\ndeep within the tissue. It has recently been used to enable imaging with\nunprecedented subwavelength spatial resolution by relying on super-resolution\ntechniques. A typical preprocessing step in super-resolution ultrasound is to\nseparate the microbubble signal from the cluttering tissue signal. This step\nhas a crucial impact on the final image quality. Here, we propose a new\napproach to clutter removal based on robust principle component analysis (PCA)\nand deep learning. We begin by modeling the acquired contrast enhanced\nultrasound signal as a combination of a low rank and sparse components. This\nmodel is used in robust PCA and was previously suggested in the context of\nultrasound Doppler processing and dynamic magnetic resonance imaging. We then\nillustrate that an iterative algorithm based on this model exhibits improved\nseparation of microbubble signal from the tissue signal over commonly practiced\nmethods. Next, we apply the concept of deep unfolding to suggest a deep network\narchitecture tailored to our clutter filtering problem which exhibits improved\nconvergence speed and accuracy with respect to its iterative counterpart. We\ncompare the performance of the suggested deep network on both simulations and\nin-vivo rat brain scans, with a commonly practiced deep-network architecture\nand the fast iterative shrinkage algorithm, and show that our architecture\nexhibits better image quality and contrast.\n
Characterization of a new efflux pump, MexGHI-OpmD, from Pseudomonas aeruginosa that confers resistance to vanadium (2002)

Vanadium has an antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, especially under conditions of iron limitation. Some degree of resistance to V is inducible by prior exposure to the metal. One mutant (VS1) with a higher sensitivity to V was obtained by transposon mutagenesis of P. aeruginosa PA 59.20, a clinical isolate. This mutant had an insertion in a non-coding region, upstream of a cluster of four genes. Three of them show similarities to genes corresponding to known P. aeruginosa antibiotic efflux systems, including an efflux protein, a membrane fusion protein and an outer-membrane porin. This cluster was named mexGHI-opmD. By allelic exchange, three mutants, ncr (for non-coding region), mexI and opmD were constructed in P. aeruginosa PAO1. Next to V sensitivity, the ncr, mexI and opmD mutants also showed reduced production of elastase, rhamnolipids, pyocyanine, pyoverdine and had reduced swarming motility, phenotypes that are known to be regulated by quorum sensing. All wild-type phenotypes, including growth in the presence of V, were restored by complementation with the complete cluster. The production of N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) was detected using the Chromobacter violaceum bioassay. Total extracts from the three mutants failed to induce the production of violacein by C. violaceum, although AHLs were detected by TLC and C. violaceum overlay. Violacein production was restored by complementation with mexGHI-opmD. The opmD mutant grew very slowly in LB or CAA medium, indicating that OpmD has an important physiological function for the cell. In conclusion, it is believed that the MexGHI-OpmD pump is probably involved in AHL homeostasis in P. aeruginosa.
Cardioprotection by an anti-MASP-2 antibody in a murine model of myocardial infarction (2018)

We found that mice treated with anti-MASP-2 antibody had smaller infarcts than those treated with control antibody. We believe this may represent a valuable step forward in the protection of the myocardium against ischaemia-reperfusion injury.
Spatio-Temporal Fusion for Small-scale Primary Detection in Cognitive Radio Networks (2010)

In cognitive radio networks (CRNs), detecting small-scale primary devices---such as wireless microphones (WMs)---is a challenging, but very important, problem that has not yet been addressed well. We identify the data-fusion range as a key factor that enables effective cooperative sensing for detection of small-scale primary devices. In particular, we derive a closed-form expression for the optimal data-fusion range that minimizes the average detection delay. We also observe that the sensing performance is sensitive to the accuracy in estimating the primary's location and transmit-power. Based on these observations, we propose an efficient sensing framework, called DeLOC, that iteratively performs location/transmit-power estimation and dynamic sensor selection for cooperative sensing. Our extensive simulation results in a realistic CRN environment show that DeLOC achieves near-optimal detection performance, while meeting the detection requirements specified in the IEEE 802.22 standard draft.
A prognostic framework for health management of coupled systems (2011)

This paper describes a unified data-driven prognostic framework that combines failure time data, static parameter data and dynamic (time-series) data. The approach employs Cox proportional hazards model (Cox PHM) and soft dynamic multiple fault diagnosis algorithm (DMFD) for inferring the degraded state trajectories of components and to estimate their remaining useful life (RUL). This framework takes into account the cross-subsystem fault propagation, a case prevalent in any networked and embedded system. The key idea is to use Cox proportional hazards model to estimate the survival functions of error codes and symptoms (soft test outcomes/prognostic indicators) from failure time data and static parameter data, and use them to infer the survival functions of components via a soft DMFD algorithm. The average remaining useful life and its higher-order central moments (e.g., variance, skewness, kurtosis) can be estimated from these component survival functions. The proposed prognostic framework has the potential to be applicable to a wide variety of systems, ranging from automobiles to aerospace systems.
15 YEARS OF PARAGANGLIOMA: The association of pituitary adenomas and phaeochromocytomas or paragangliomas (2015)

The combination of pituitary adenomas (PA) and phaeochromocytomas (phaeo) or paragangliomas (PGL) is a rare event. Although these endocrine tumours may occur together by coincidence, there is mounting evidence that, in at least some cases, classical phaeo/PGL-predisposing genes may also play a role in pituitary tumorigenesis. A new condition that we termed '3Pas' for the association of PA with phaeo and/or PGL was recently described in patients with succinate dehydrogenase mutations and PAs. It should also be noted that the classical tumour suppressor gene, MEN1 that is the archetype of the PA-predisposing genes, is also rarely associated with phaeos in both mice and humans with MEN1 defects. In this report, we review the data leading to the discovery of 3PAs, other associations linking PAs with phaeos and/or PGLs, and the corresponding clinical and molecular genetics.
Batteries and supercapacitors for renewable energy plants and sustainable transportation (2009)

This contribution highlights the key role that batteries and supercapacitors are playing for renewable energy plants, both stand alone and grid connected, and for a sustainable transportation by hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). The advantages of wind farms that use batteries as energy storage systems are presented as well as the energy return factors expected for stand alone photovoltaic plants with different battery technologies are reported. The advances in R&amp;D of high-power lithium ion batteries and high-energy supercapacitors for HEV application are even discussed and some experimental results from our laboratory are presented.
GeoNet: Deep Geodesic Networks for Point Cloud Analysis (2019)

Surface-based geodesic topology provides strong cues for object semantic analysis and geometric modeling. However, such connectivity information is lost in point clouds. Thus we introduce GeoNet, the first deep learning architecture trained to model the intrinsic structure of surfaces represented as point clouds. To demonstrate the applicability of learned geodesic-aware representations, we propose fusion schemes which use GeoNet in conjunction with other baseline or backbone networks, such as PU-Net and PointNet++, for down-stream point cloud analysis. Our method improves the state-of-the-art on multiple representative tasks that can benefit from understandings of the underlying surface topology, including point upsampling, normal estimation, mesh reconstruction and non-rigid shape classification.