gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Age-associated and cell-type-specific neurofibrillary pathology in transgenic mice expressing the human midsized neurofilament subunit (1994)

Alterations in neurofilaments are a common occurrence in neurons of the human nervous system during aging and diseases associated with aging. Such pathologic changes may be attributed to species-specific properties of human neurofilaments as well as cell-type-specific regulation of this element of the cytoskeleton. The development of transgenic animals containing human neurofilament subunits offers an opportunity to study the effects of aging and other experimental conditions on the human-specific form of these proteins in a rodent model. The present study shows that mice from the transgenic line NF(M)27, which express the human midsized neurofilament subunit at low levels (2-25% of the endogenous NF-M), develop neurofilamentous accumulations in specific subgroups of neurons that are age dependent, affecting 78% of transgenic mice over 12 months of age. Similar accumulations do not occur in age-matched, wild-type littermates or in 3-month-old transgenic mice. In 12-month-old transgenic mice, somatic neurofilament accumulations resembling neurofibrillary tangles were present predominantly in layers III and V of the neocortex, as well as in select subpopulations of subcortical neurons. Intraperikaryal, spherical neurofilamentous accumulations were particularly abundant in cell bodies in layer II of the neocortex, and neurofilament-containing distentions of Purkinje cell proximal axons occurred in the cerebellum. These pathological accumulations contained mouse as well as human NF subunits, but could be distinguished by their content of phosphorylation-dependent NF epitopes. These cytoskeletal alterations closely resemble the cell-type-specific alterations in neurofilaments that occur during normal human aging and in diseases associated with aging, indicating that these transgenic animals may serve as models of some aspects of the pathologic features of human neurodegenerative diseases.
Reversible Cluster Aggregation and Growth Model for Graphene Suspensions (2017)

We present a reversible cluster aggregation model for 2‐D macromolecules represented by line segments in 2‐D; and, we use it to describe the aggregation process of functionalized graphene particles in an aqueous SDS surfactant solution. The model produces clusters with similar sizes and structures as a function of SDS concentration in agreement with experiments and predicts the existence of a critical surfactant concentration (C crit ) beyond which thermodynamically stable graphene suspensions form. Around C crit , particles form dense clusters rapidly and sediment. At C ≪ C crit , a contiguous ramified network of graphene gel forms which also densifies, but at a slower rate, and sediments with time. The deaggregation–reaggregation mechanism of our model captures the restructuring of the large aggregates towards a graphite‐like structure for the low SDS concentrations. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J , 63: 5462–5473, 2017
An Approach to Large Margin Design of Prototype-Based Pattern Classifiers (2007)

In this paper, we propose a maximum separation margin (MSM) training method for multiple-prototype (MP)-based pattern classifiers in which a sample separation margin defined as the distance from the training sample to the classification boundary can be calculated precisely. Similar to support vector machine (SVM) methodology, MSM training is formulated as a multicriteria optimization problem which aims at maximizing the separation margin and minimizing the empirical error rate on training data simultaneously. By making certain relaxation assumptions, MSM training can be reformulated as a semidefinite programming (SDP) problem that can be solved efficiently by some standard optimization algorithms designed for SDP. Evaluation experiments are conducted on the task of the recognition of most confusable Kanji character pairs identified from popular Nakayosi and Kuchibue handwritten Japanese character databases. It is observed that the MSM-trained MP-based classifier achieves a similar character recognition accuracy as that of the state-of-the-art SVM-based classifier, yet requires much fewer classifier parameters.
The Role of Visualization in the Naturalization of Remote Software Immigrants. (2009)

Abstract: Software development is commonly becoming a globally distributed task, often due to mergers and acquisitions, globalization, cross-divisional efforts, outsourcing, or even telecommuting. Individuals-and entire teams- are suddenly faced with new challenges when they must move from the traditional synchronous co-located paradigm to the newer asynchronous distributed paradigm. While previous work has examined collocated software immigrants, we investigate remote immigrants who may be working synchronously or asynchronously, and report on the naturalization process. Specifically, we focus on the role of visualization in helping with this process. The case study presented is exploratory in nature with data collected via pilot interviews. We found a number of issues impeding normal workflow, as perceived by participants who recently became remote software immigrants, and we discuss how visualization tools were developed to help them to understand the process. 1
Measuring the switching dynamics and energy efficiency of tantalum oxide memristors (2011)

We measured the real-time switching of metal-oxide memristors with sub-nanosecond resolution and recorded the evolution of the current and voltage during both ON (set) and OFF (reset) events. From these we determined the dynamical behavior of the conductivity for different applied bias amplitudes. Quantitative analysis of the energy cost and switching dynamics showed 115 fJ for ON-switching and 13 pJ for OFF-switching when resistance change was limited to 200%. Results are presented that show a favorable scaling with speed in terms of energy cost and reducing unnecessary damage to the devices.
A single-chip sequential logic element (1978)

A field-programmable logic sequencer, containing, on one chip, all of the circuitry required to implement an 11MHz synchronous sequential-state machine, will be covered. Nichrome fuse link technology has been used to afford direct entry of state transitions.
New Generation of sGC Stimulators: Discovery of Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine Carboxamide BAY 1165747 (BAY-747), a Long-Acting Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Stimulator for the Treatment of Resistant Hypertension (2023)

Herein, we describe the identification, chemical optimization, and preclinical characterization of novel soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulators. Given the very broad therapeutic opportunities for sGC stimulators, new tailored molecules for distinct indications with specific pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, and physicochemical properties will be required in the future. Here, we report the ultrahigh-throughput (uHTS)-based discovery of a new class of sGC stimulators from an imidazo[1,2-<i>a</i>]pyridine lead series. Through the extensive and staggered optimization of the initial screening hit, liabilities such as potency, metabolic stability, permeation, and solubility could be substantially improved in parallel. These efforts resulted ultimately in the discovery of the new sGC stimulators <b>22</b> and <b>28</b>. It turned out that BAY 1165747 (BAY-747, <b>28</b>) could be an ideal treatment alternative for patients with hypertension, especially those not responding to standard anti-hypertensive therapy (resistant hypertension). BAY-747 (<b>28</b>) demonstrated sustained hemodynamic effects up to 24 h in phase 1 studies.
Synthesis of imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole–chalcones as apoptosis inducing anticancer agents (2014)

A library of imidazothiadiazole–chalcone conjugates were synthesised and investigated for their cytotoxic activity against various human cancer cell lines. Some of the tested compounds like<bold>7a</bold>,<bold>7b</bold>,<bold>11a</bold>and<bold>11b</bold>exhibited promising anticancer activity.
A CARP-1 functional mimetic compound is synergistic with BRAF-targeting in non-small cell lung cancers (2018)

Non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) account for 85% of all lung cancers, and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is highly expressed or activated in many NSCLC that permit use of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) as frontline therapies. Resistance to EGFR TKIs eventually develops that necessitates development of improved and effective therapeutics. CARP-1/CCAR1 is an effector of apoptosis by Doxorubicin, Etoposide, or Gefitinib, while CARP-1 functional mimetic (CFM) compounds bind with CARP-1, and stimulate CARP-1 expression and apoptosis. To test whether CFMs would inhibit TKI-resistant NSCLCs, we first generated and characterized TKI-resistant NSCLC cells. The GI <sub><b>50</b></sub> dose of Erlotinib for parental and Erlotinib-resistant HCC827 cells was ∼0.1 μM and ≥15 μM, respectively. While Rociletinib or Ocimertinib inhibited the parental H1975 cells with GI <sub><b>50</b></sub> doses of ≤0.18 μM, the Ocimertinib-resistant pools of H1975 cells had a GI<sub>50</sub> dose of ∼12 μM. The GI<sub>50</sub> dose for Rociletinib-resistant H1975 sublines ranged from 4.5-8.0 μM. CFM-4 and its novel analog CFM-4.16 attenuated growth of the parental and TKI-resistant NSCLC cells. CFMs activated p38/JNKs, inhibited oncogenic cMet and Akt kinases, while CARP-1 depletion blocked NSCLC cell growth inhibition by CFM-4.16 or Erlotinib. CFM-4.16 was synergistic with B-Raf-targeting in NSCLC, triple-negative breast cancer, and renal cancer cells. A nano-lipid formulation (NLF) of CFM-4.16 in combination with Sorafenib elicited a superior growth inhibition of xenografted tumors derived from Rociletinib-resistant H1975 NSCLC cells in part by stimulating CARP-1 and apoptosis. These findings support therapeutic potential of CFM-4.16 together with B-Raf targeting in treatment of TKI-resistant NSCLCs.
Nonlinear absorption and refraction in phthalocyanine-doped polymers (2018)

Lead-tetrakis-4(cumylphenoxy)phthalocyanine (PbPc) is dispersed into several common optical polymers at various doping levels. The linear and nonlinear optical properties are measured at 600 nm near the region where the excited state and ground state absorption cross sections are nearly equal. The effective nonlinear refraction coefficients observed at high concentration are as much three orders of magnitude larger than that observed for fused silica.
Solid Electrolyte Interphase for Ca Metal Batteries (2021)

New battery technologies have received increased attention in recent years, especially those based on the use of divalent cations such as calcium and magnesium. Their high abundance (calcium and magnesium being, respectively, the 5 th and 8 th most abundant element in the earth crust) and the possible safe use of metal anodes could result in more sustainable devices with lower cost and higher energy density systems when compared to Li-ion. Feasibility of plating/stripping of calcium metal has been demonstrated recently 1 in very few organic electrolyte formulations. In all cases, some degree of electrolyte reduction and formation of passivation layer were reported. In particular, using Ca(BF 4 ) 2 in a mixture of carbonate solvents, a fully conformal passivation layer is formed at the surface of the metal anode. 2 Yet this layer allows for Ca plating and stripping, thus exhibiting similar behavior as a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). However, the nature and composition of such layer remain mostly unknown. In this communication, an in-depth analysis of the SEI will be presented. The influence of the electrolyte formulation (salt, solvent and additive) on the formation of the SEI and how it affects Ca plating and stripping kinetics were investigated. Among other technics, XPS, EELS and ToF-SIMS measurements allowed to detail the composition of the SEI. The homogeneity, the morphology and the microstructure were studied by means of TEM and FTIR microspectroscopy. Ponrouch, A. et al . Towards a calcium-based rechargeable battery. Nat. Mater. 15 , 169 (2015). Forero-Saboya, J. et al. Understanding the nature of the passivation layer enabling reversible calcium plating. Energy Environ. Sci. 13 , 3423–3431 (2020).
Molecular imaging of gefitinib activity in an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-bearing xenograft model (2009)

Finding noninvasive methods to discern which patients' tumors bear a specific target molecule, and are presumably more likely to respond, remains a critical challenge. An anti-phospho-tyrosine antibody was labeled with indium ((111)In) using ethylenedicysteine (EC) as a chelator ((111)In-EC-P-Tyr). We hypothesized that tumor phosphokinase activity would be discernible by imaging with (111)In-EC-P-Tyr. A xenograft of A431 cells, a human epithelial carcinoma cell line overexpressing epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), was employed. Biodistribution studies confirmed increased tumor/muscle ratios of (111)In-EC-P-Tyr in the A431 model. Imaging demonstrated that a marked decrease in tumor uptake of (111)In-EC-P-Tyr occurred after 3 d of gefitinib therapy in A431 cells (gefitinib-sensitive), but not in H441 cells (gefitinib-resistant). Our results indicate that (111)In-EC-P-Tyr can detect tumor phospho-tyrosine kinase activity in animal models. This type of agent merits investigation in the clinic to determine if it can predict patient responses to kinase inhibitors based on phosphokinase imaging.
Statistical Evaluation of Outdoor-to-Indoor Office MIMO Measurements at 5.2 GHz (2005)

In this paper, we present a statistical evaluation of an outdoor-to-indoor multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) measurement campaign performed at 5.2 GHz. 159 measurement locations in an office building are analyzed. Our analysis pays special attention to two key assumptions that are widely used in stochastic channel models. An assumption that is used in practically every channel model is that the channel can be represented as a sum of a line-of-sight (LOS) component plus a (possibly correlated) zero-mean complex Gaussian distribution. Our investigation shows that this model does NOT adequately represent our measurement data. Our analysis also highlights the difference between the LOS power factor and the Rician K-factor. We show that the direction-of-arrival (DOA) spectrum depends noticeably on the direction-of-departure (DOD). Therefore, the popular Kronecker model is not applicable, and the more general Weichselberger model should be used.
Enantiomerically Pure β‐Amino Acids from 2‐ tert ‐Butyl‐1‐Carbomethoxy‐2,3‐Dihydro‐4(1H)‐Pyrimidinone: (R)‐3‐Amino‐3‐(p‐Methoxyphenyl)Propionic Acid (2003)

Abstract Enantiomerically pure β‐amino acids from 2‐ tert ‐butyl‐1‐carbomethoxy‐2,3‐dihydro‐4(1H)‐pyrimidinone: (R)‐3‐amino‐3‐(p‐methoxyphenyl)propionic acid intermediate: (S,S)‐2‐tert‐Butyl‐1‐carbomethoxy‐6‐carboxy‐2,3,5,6‐tetrahydro‐4(1H)‐pyrimidinone, 1 intermediate: (S)‐2‐tert‐Butyl‐1‐carbomethoxy‐2,3‐dihydro‐4(1H)‐pyrimidinone, 3 intermediate: 2 as a clear, colorless syrup intermediate: (R)‐2‐tert‐Butyl‐6‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐5,6‐dihydro‐4(1H)‐pyrimidinone product: (R)‐3‐Amino‐3‐(p‐methoxyphenyl)propionic acid intermediate: acyl aminal
Foreword (1987)

Research Article| May 01, 1987 Foreword Alan R. Huffman Alan R. Huffman 1985 Texas Section Meeting Chairman, Lone Star Student Chapter, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3115 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Environmental & Engineering Geoscience (1987) xxiv (2): 205–206. https://doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.xxiv.2.205 Article history first online: 02 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Alan R. Huffman; Foreword. Environmental & Engineering Geoscience 1987;; xxiv (2): 205–206. doi: https://doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.xxiv.2.205 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyEnvironmental & Engineering Geoscience Search Advanced Search This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
ChemInform Abstract: ERLEICHTERTE OXIDATIVE DEHYDRIERUNG DURCH EISENIONEN UND SYNTH. VON NEUEN EISENKOMPLEXEN MIT HOCHGRADIG UNGESAETTIGTEN TETRAAZAMAKROCYCLEN (1972)

Abstract Durch Fe‐Ionen, die an sekundäre Amingruppen als Teile makrocyclischer Liganden gebunden sind, wird die oxidative Dehydrierung gefördert.
Clinico-demographical profile of keratomycosis in Delhi, North India (2014)

This study was undertaken to evaluate the clinico-demographical profile of keratomycosis. (January 2004 to January 2012). The corneal scrapings were processed by direct microscopic methods and standard culture techniques. Of 209 cases of keratitis studied, culture yielded growth in 80 cases (38.3%). Out of these 80 cases of growth, fungi were isolated in 77.5% and bacteria in 22.5%. The spectrum of keratomycosis was Aspergillus flavus (22.5%), Fusarium solani (16.1%), A. fumigatus (11.3%), Candida albicans (6.4%), etc., Routine surveillance of fungal keratitis is necessary to know the existing and emerging pattern of pathogens and to prevent use of un-warranted anti-microbial therapy.
Mouse ζ- and α-Globin Genes: Embryonic Survival, α-Thalassemia, and Genetic Background Effects (1997)

A classical notion regarding the expression of murine embryonic ζ- and adult α-globin genes holds that there is a switch in globin production from the embryonic to the adult form during fetal development. Our previous in situ hybridization studies challenged this view, since both ζ- and α-globin mRNAs can be detected simultaneously in the earliest erythrocyte populations. This finding raises the possibility that ζ-globin production might be wholly or partially redundant in embryos in which the adult α-globin is also expressed. To test this possibility, we created a null mutation of the ζ-globin gene using homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells. Many outbred mice homozygous for the ζ-null mutation were able to develop normally, undermining the notion that there is an absolute need for ζ-globin and indicating that α-globin alone can serve the survival needs of the fetus. Interestingly, insertion of the PGK-Neo cassette (used to create the null mutation) into the ζ-globin gene appears to influence the expression of the nearby α-globin genes, giving rise to reduced α-globin production and to an α-thalassemia–like syndrome. There is also evidence indicating the strong influence of genetic background on the ζ-null and α1-null phenotypes, both of which are much more severe in the 129/SvEv inbred genetic background. These quantitative differences can potentially be exploited to identify genes important for erythropoiesis.
Network Elasticity to the Mobility in a Fair Cellular Radio System (2009)

This article studies the impact of mobility when mobiles are under a simultaneous power and rate assignment scheme based on a fair assignment policy. Using a fluid model for expressing the long-range impact of neighboring cells, we are able to derive an analytical expression of the impact of one moving mobile to a fixed one, both being under a fair policy of rate assignment. These policies include max-min, Nash equilibria, harmonic equilibria and many others. We validate our model on a stochastic geometric model where we measure the elasticity of the rate of the moving terminal and show more complex situations when more than two mobiles influence each other. As a result, we show how mobility impacts a network of mobile terminals and derive conclusions on how to correctly manage such a network.
Hardware Abstractions and Hardware Mechanisms to Support Multi-Task Execution on Coarse-Grained Reconfigurable Arrays (2023)

Domain-specific accelerators are used in various computing systems ranging from edge devices to data centers. Coarse-grained reconfigurable arrays (CGRAs) represent an architectural midpoint between the flexibility of an FPGA and the efficiency of an ASIC and are a promising candidate for servicing multi-tasked workloads within an application domain. Unfortunately, scheduling multiple tasks onto a CGRA is challenging. CGRAs lack abstractions that capture hardware resources, leaving workload schedulers unable to reason about performance, energy, and utilization for different schedules. This work first proposes a CGRA architecture that can flexibly partition key resources, including the global buffer memory capacity, the global buffer memory bandwidth, and the compute resources. Partitioned resources serve as hardware abstractions that decouple compilation and resource allocation. The compiler uses these abstractions for coarse-grained resource mapping, and the scheduler uses them for flexible resource allocation at run time. We then propose two hardware mechanisms to support multi-task execution. A flexible-shape execution region increases the overall resource utilization by mapping multiple tasks with different resource requirements. Dynamic partial reconfiguration (DPR) enables a CGRA to update the hardware configuration as the scheduler makes decisions rapidly. We show that our abstraction can help automatic and efficient scheduling of multi-tasked workloads onto our target CGRA with high utilization, resulting in 1.05x-1.24x higher throughput and a 23-28% lower latency in a multi-tasked cloud workload and 60.8% reduced latency in an autonomous system workload when compared to a baseline CGRA running single tasks at a time.
Correction. Practical, High-Yield, Regioselective, Rhodium-Catalyzed Hydroformylation of Functionalized α-Olefins (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCorrection. Practical, High-Yield, Regioselective, Rhodium-Catalyzed Hydroformylation of Functionalized α-OlefinsGregory Cuny and Stephen BuchwaldCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 19, 8885Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1993Publication History Published online9 February 2004Published inissue 1 September 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00072a601Request reuse permissionsArticle Views106Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (180 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<title>New developments in two-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy for rapid detection of organics in seawater</title> (1999)

Our project is to design and construct a 2nd-generation 2D fluorimeter for rapid detection and speciation of organic compounds in seawater. The purpose of this detection is to recognize the presence of anthropogenic hydrocarbons associated with submarine activity, and to use this hydrocarbon signature for tracking purposes.