gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The role of stachyose synthase in the oligosaccharide metabolism of legume seeds. (2009)

Legume seeds contain two major classes of soluble α-galactosides, namely the raffinose family of oligosaccharides and galactosyl cyclitols. They are biosynthetically linked by the enzyme stachyose synthase [galactinol-raffinose galactosyltransferase], which not only forms stachyose from raffinose and galactinol, but also catalyses the galactinol-dependent synthesis of galactosyl cyclitols. Stachyose synthase enzymes purified from seeds of adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) and lentil, respectively, were similar with respect to their physicochemical properties but differed substantially in their substrate specificity. The enzyme from lentil (a pinitol producing plant) was able to catalyse the formation of galactopinitol A from smallcap˜D-pinitol, while stachyose synthase from adzuki bean was able to synthesize galactosyl ononitol. The lentil enzyme was additionally able to form ciceritol (a digalactosyl pinitol) from galactopinitol A and galactinol. Moreover, both galactosyl cyclitols could substitute for galactinol as galactosyl donors in the synthesis of stachyose. Thus, stachyose synthase accounts for the synthesis of most galactosyl cyclitols and holds a central position in the interconversion of oligosaccharides in legume seeds. Analysis of mRNA and protein abundance, enzyme activity and metabolite levels during seed development suggested that the oligosaccharide composition of mature seeds is not only determined by total stachyose synthase activity, but also by the concentration of precursors (cyclitols, galactinol, and raffinose).
Identifying a missing lineage driver in a subset of lung neuroendocrine tumors (2018)

Tumor heterogeneity of a primary histologic cancer type has major implications for cancer research and therapeutics. An important and understudied aspect of this heterogeneity is the role of transcription factors that serve as "lineage oncogenes" in a tumor type. A demonstration that different subgroups have distinct dependencies on lineage-specific transcription factors is highlighted in a relatively homogenous cancer type: the pulmonary neuroendocrine cancer small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). Identification of these factors is providing new insights into the origin of the heterogeneity and subtype-specific vulnerabilities in SCLC and provides a template for studying heterogeneity in other cancer types.
Tuning and probing interfacial bonding channels for a functionalized organic molecule by surface modification (2013)

The potassium-induced missing row reconstruction of Ag(110) is used to selectively modify the local chemical interaction between the functional anhydride groups of 3,4,9,10-perylene-tetracarboxylic-dianhydride (PTCDA) and Ag(110). We find a significant upward shift of the anhydride groups, while the adsorption height of the perylene core is essentially preserved. This demonstrates an attractive perylene/substrate interaction for PTCDA/K:Ag(110), elucidating also the bonding situation for the potassium-free system.
The structure of rimonabant in the solid state (2009)

Rimonabant is the first selective CB1 receptor blocker used in patients of metabolic syndrome and related illness like diabetes and dyslipidaemia. There is a great interest on the polymorphism of Rimonabant and related compounds. The structures of Rimonabant [1] and three diarylazoles These studies will provide other researches in the active field of cannabinoid antagonist with the molecular properties of the reference compound. Data from Rimonabant were collected at 293K and at 150K in a Xcalibur Nova diffractometer. The structure of the methanol solvate of Rimonabant displays no noticeable modifications in crystal packing from RT to 150K. It is monoclinic and the space group is P21/c. The solvate molecule helps to the packing connecting two Rimonabant molecules throughout the -N-HO-HOsynthon, forming infinite chains propagating along the b crystallographic axis. Two additional C-HO-weak interactions were better located in the low temperature experiment. In this work, we will show the crystal data and structure refinement of Rimonabant at both temperatures. Further details of the X-ray structural analysis will be given and exhaustive hydrogen bonding geometry study will be discussed.
[Chloroquine analogues from benzofuro- and benzothieno[3,2-b]-4-pyridone-2-carboxylic acid esters]. (2004)

The amides 7 were synthesized from the annulated methyl 4-pyridone-2-carboxylates 4 via the carboxylic acids 5 and their acid chlorides by reacting with the novaldiamine base 6. The alcohol 8b, obtained from DIBAH reduction of the ester 4b, was transformed to the chloromethyl derivative 9 which reacted with 6 and 18-crown-6 leading to the 2-novaldiaminomethyl-4-pyridone 10. Compound 10 was obtained with higher yield from DIBAH reduction of the amide 7b. The substances 7 and 10 were inactive when tested against the chloroquine resistant Plasmodium falciparum strain Dd2.
Sugarcane Precision Monitoring by Drone-Borne P/L/C-Band DInSAR (2021)

This work presents a remote sensing solution for sugarcane precision agriculture based on a drone-borne differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (DlnSAR) operating in the P-, L-, and C-bands. With one flight pass, the system can estimate the soil moisture, the plantation height, and the above-ground biomass map; and predict the harvest date and the respective productivity. With two flight passes, it assesses the crop growth via differential interferometry. A new methodology dedicated to sugarcane plantation was developed based on the existing methodologies for soil moisture and biomass measurement. The image information from the three bands, plus the C-band InSAR and P-band DInSAR information, show immense potential for efficient and low-cost monitoring. The results validated the methodology in a large sugarcane mill.
Development of the platform-mounted dynamic voltage restorer (PMDVR). Final report (1998)

This Platform Mounted Dynamic Voltage Restorer (PMDVR) project was conducted to develop power electronics based equipment which will provide reliable AC voltage regulation and fast response input voltage transient suppression to utility customers with low power, critical loads. The type of customer facilities which this equipment is meant to protect are those with loads in the 500 KVA and under category which can not tolerate even a brief input voltage sag. The PMDVR operates as a series connected voltage source generated by a pulse width modulated inverter which bucks or boosts the line voltage to prevent supply voltage excursions from affecting the customer. The power needed to supply the controls of the PMDVR and to boost the customer`s input voltage is taken directly from the distribution line which eliminates the need for large amounts of energy storage capacitors. The surge correction function is provided by a dissipating resistor. This PMDVR project entailed the design, construction, and testing of the sensing, control, power, and user interface components and software. The project incorporates technology and methods from earlier higher power DVRs as well as original concepts and designs unique to this equipment. Goals for the project were cost and physical size reductionmore » from the original DVR. During the system testing phase of the project, the prototype unit successfully demonstrated the ability to detect and correct both voltage sags and swells. The sags and surges tested were up to {+-} 50% of the nominal line voltage with a 135 KVA load. The PMDVR sag and surge testing included correction of both single phase and three phase events.« less
Person Re-identification Using Overhead View Fisheye Lens Cameras (2018)

Person Re-identification has been a widely explored topic in automated video-based surveillance. Nonetheless, the substantial body of work in this area deals only with upright images of persons captured using rectilinear lenses. However, for surveillance applications, it is often preferable to use fisheye lenses to expand the field of view. Person re-identification using fisheye lenses is an uncharted territory with potential applications in image and video-based surveillance. In this paper, we explore various techniques by which we can use images and videos captured by fisheye lenses for person re-identification using conventional algorithms developed for rectilinear images. We discuss the application of foreground extraction and propose a framework for orientation normalization for use in fisheye images. We also introduce a novel radial co-location search to improve the accuracy of person re-identification using fisheye lenses.
Global Finance and Markets: What Is Next (1997)

Speech given at Session 1: The Global Capital Market: What's Next. Mr. Wallman spoke about the issue of globalization and how it raises a series of questions as to the direction of our markets over the long term. In addition, he noted that we tend to separate securities issues from banking or other financial services issues too frequently. He also elaborated on the points made earlier about the convergence--both geographic and product-wise--of financial services.
Multi-User Mixed FSO-RF Systems With Aperture Selection Under Poisson Field Interference (2019)

In this paper, we study the performance of mixed free space optical (FSO)-radio frequency (RF) multi-user relay network with aperture selection and opportunistic user scheduling in the presence of Poisson field interference. The considered system includes multiple optical sources (apertures), one amplify-andforward (AF) relay, and multiple users. The source is connected with the relay node through FSO links and the relay is connected with the users through RF links with a Poisson field interference at the users. The FSO-RF channels are assumed to follow Málaga-M/shadowed κ-μ fading models with pointing errors on the FSO links. Exact closed-form expressions are derived for the outage probability and average symbol error probability (SEP). Moreover, the system performance is studied at the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime, where an approximate expression for the system outage probability is derived, in addition to deriving the system diversity order and coding gain. Then, the optimum source and relay transmission powers and relay position are determined to minimize the system asymptotic outage probability. The Monte-Carlo simulations are provided to validate the achieved exact and asymptotic results.
Phase 1 study of infusion of HER-2/neu specific T cells in patients with advanced stage HER-2/neu overexpressing cancers who have received a HER-2/neu vaccine (41.3) (2009)

Abstract Adoptive T cell therapy has great potential for the treatment of patients with advanced-stage cancers. We have previously reported that HER-2/neu (HER2) specific T cell expansion from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMN) can be greatly facilitated by in vivo antigen specific MHC class II epitope-priming. To test whether vaccine primed T cells could be administered to patients, we assessed the safety and feasibility of infusion of ex vivo expanded HER2 specific T cells in patients who have advanced HER2 overexpressing cancers. Three escalating doses of T cells were given at 10 day intervals with cyclophosphamide used for host lymphodepletion prior to the first dose of T cells. To date, 5 of 10 subjects have been enrolled. The maximal T cell doses infused were 1x109- 41x109 cells (median 10x109) with and average 35% of CD4+ and 60% of CD8+ T cells. IFN-gamma ELISPOT was used to monitor antigen specific T cells in both the infused product and to track the cells in vivo. HER2 specific T cells could be generated at high levels in vivo after infusion. Moreover, the magnitude of HER2 specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells post-infusion was maintained in responding patients, with precursor frequencies 1:253 and 1:286 in total PBMN after 130 and 450 days respectively. Epitope spreading, which was induced with immunization, was also maintained and in some cases augmented after adoptive T cell therapy. TCR Vβ analysis performed showed the outgrowth of several HER2 specific clones in the CD4+ population post infusion. Our preliminary data suggests that adoptive transfer of autologous HER2 specific polyclonal T cells is safe and results in persistent high levels of tumor specific T cell immunity in vivo.
Association between GRN rs5848 Polymorphism and Parkinson′s Disease in Taiwanese Population (2013)

A single nucleotide polymorphism GRN rs5848 (3'UTR+78 C>T) was reported to alter the risk for frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Herein, we investigated the effect of GRN rs5848 on the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) by genotyping 573 Taiwanese patients with PD and 490 age-matched control subjects. Compared to subjects with CC genotype, those with TT genotype had a 1.58-fold increased risk of PD (95% CI: 1.77∼2.34, P = 0.021). PD patients demonstrate a higher frequency of T allele (37.2%) than controls (32.2%; odds ratio [OR] = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.04∼1.49, P = 0.017). This susceptibility was particularly observed in female subjects, in which TT genotype had a 2.16-fold increased risk of PD as compared with controls(95% CI: 1.24∼3.78, P = 0.006). The frequency of T allele (39.3%) in female PD patients was higher than in female control subjects (31.1%; OR = 1.43, CI: 1.11∼1.87, P = 0.007). No association was observed between GRN rs5848 and susceptibility in male subjects. These findings show that the GRN rs5848 TT genotype and T allele are risk factors for female Taiwanese patients with PD.
Floating-Point FPGA: Architecture and Modeling (2009)

This paper presents an architecture for a reconfigurable device that is specifically optimized for floating-point applications. Fine-grained units are used for implementing control logic and bit-oriented operations, while parameterized and reconfigurable word-based coarse-grained units incorporating word-oriented lookup tables and floating-point operations are used to implement datapaths. In order to facilitate comparison with existing FPGA devices, the virtual embedded block scheme is proposed to model embedded blocks using existing field-programmable gate array (FPGA) tools. This methodology involves adopting existing FPGA resources to model the size, position, and delay of the embedded elements. The standard design flow offered by FPGA and computer-aided design vendors is then applied and static timing analysis can be used to estimate the performance of the FPGA with the embedded blocks. On selected floating-point benchmark circuits, our results indicate that the proposed architecture can achieve four times improvement in speed and 25 times reduction in area compared with a traditional FPGA device.
Post-translational Modification of Ribosomal Proteins (2009)

Post-translational modifications of ribosomal proteins are important for the accuracy of the decoding machinery. A recent in vivo study has shown that the rimO gene is involved in generation of the 3-methylthio derivative of residue Asp-89 in ribosomal protein S12 (Anton, B. P., Saleh, L., Benner, J. S., Raleigh, E. A., Kasif, S., and Roberts, R. J. (2008) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 105, 1826-1831). This reaction is formally identical to that catalyzed by MiaB on the C2 of adenosine 37 near the anticodon of several tRNAs. We present spectroscopic evidence that Thermotoga maritima RimO, like MiaB, contains two [4Fe-4S] centers, one presumably bound to three invariant cysteines in the central radical S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) domain and the other to three invariant cysteines in the N-terminal UPF0004 domain. We demonstrate that holo-RimO can specifically methylthiolate the aspartate residue of a 20-mer peptide derived from S12, yielding a mixture of mono- and bismethylthio derivatives. Finally, we present the 2.0 A crystal structure of the central radical AdoMet and the C-terminal TRAM (tRNA methyltransferase 2 and MiaB) domains in apo-RimO. Although the core of the open triose-phosphate isomerase (TIM) barrel of the radical AdoMet domain was conserved, RimO showed differences in domain organization compared with other radical AdoMet enzymes. The unusually acidic TRAM domain, likely to bind the basic S12 protein, is located at the distal edge of the radical AdoMet domain. The basic S12 protein substrate is likely to bind RimO through interactions with both the TRAM domain and the concave surface of the incomplete TIM barrel. These biophysical results provide a foundation for understanding the mechanism of methylthioation by radical AdoMet enzymes in the MiaB/RimO family.
High voltage research (breakdown strengths of gaseous and liquid insulators) and environmental effects of dielectric gases. Semiannual report, April 1, 1979-September 30, 1979. [Health and Safety Research Div. , ORNL] (1980)

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High-speed and high-precision motion control with an optimal hybrid feedforward controller (1997)

An optimal feedforward controller which makes a hybrid usage of the shift (q) and delta (/spl delta/) operators is proposed for high-speed and high-precision digital motion control systems. Uncancellable discrete-time zeros arising from sampling the continuous-time plant at high rates, which make the mathematical inverse unstable, are handled in a natural way. The controller is optimized to have good performance in both low and high frequency ranges, and it is able to handle uncancellable discrete-time zeros in the right half plane. The optimization problem is generalized to an H/sup /spl infin// problem. Convex minimization is used to find the solution to the optimization problem. Simulation results and experiments carried out on an MC-510V Matsuura vertical machining center show superior performance of the proposed optimal hybrid feedforward controller.
Recruitment of effector lymphocytes by initiator lymphocytes. In vivo migration of in vitro sensitized initiator T lymphocytes (1975)

Abstract We previously found that mouse T lymphocytes sensitized in vitro against allo‐ or syngeneic fibroblasts, upon injection into syngeneic recipients, do not themselves differentiate into effector cells, but recruit effector T lymphocytes within the draining lymph nodes. Asaresult of sensitization, these initiator lymphocytes acquire a trypsin‐sensitive membrane property which is necessary for recruitment. We now report studies on the in vivo migratory behavior of initiator lymphocytes following sensitization. We injected 51 Cr‐labeled initiator lymphocytes into recipient footpads and found significantly increased migration of sensitized cells to the draining popliteal lymph node (PLN) during the first day. By amputation ofthe foot at various times, we showed that migration during the first 12—24 hours was critical for subsequent recruitment. Trypsin treatment of initiator lymphocytes abolished this accelerated migration. Lymphocytes triggered nonspecifically by Con A migrated to the PLN like antigen‐sensitized cells. We also compared the migration of injected lymphocytes from the footpad to the PLN in graftversus‐host and host‐versus‐graft reactions, and found these reactions to differ both from each other and from recruitment in terms of lymphocyte migration. These findings are discussed in terms of the physiology of the cell‐mediated immune response and the notion of peripheral sensitization.
Magnetotelluric data, stable distributions and impropriety: an existential combination (2014)

The robust statistical model of a Gaussian core contaminated by outlying data that underlies robust estimation of the magnetotelluric (MT) response function has been re-examined. The residuals from robust estimators are systematically long tailed compared to a distribution based on the Gaussian, and hence are inconsistent with the robust model. Instead, MT data are pervasively described by the alpha stable distribution family whose variance and sometimes mean are undefined. A maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) that exploits the stable nature of MT data is formulated, and its two-stage implementation in which stable parameters are first fit to the data and then the MT responses are solved for is described. The MLE is shown to be inherently robust, but differs from the conventional robust estimator because it is based on a model derived from the data, while robust estimators are ad hoc, being based on the robust model that is inconsistent with actual data. Propriety versus impropriety of the complex MT response was investigated, and a likelihood ratio test for propriety and its null distribution was established. The Cramr-Rao lower bounds for the covariance matrix of proper and improper MT responses were specified.
Maximizing<tex>$hbox Alq_3$</tex>OLED Internal and External Efficiencies: Charge Balanced Device Structure and Color Conversion Outcoupling Lenses (2006)

In this paper, we report bright, efficient Alq <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> -based [tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum] organic light-emitting diode (OLED) structures that incorporate hemispherical lenses for increased output power efficiency. The 6-layer hybrid (polymer/small molecule) OLED structure contains two spin-coated polymer layers and four thermally evaporated small molecule layers. This structure results in balanced charge injection, thus leading to a more efficient device. The use of index-matched transparent lenses resulted in luminous and external quantum efficiency of 7.5 lm/W and 8%, respectively. The size and shape of the lens was used to control the angular power distribution. Lenses incorporating color conversion media were used to achieve high OLED efficiency in various colors. Saturated yellow, orange, and red devices with external quantum efficiencies as high ~4% were obtained from this approach