gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sustained Delivery of Carfilzomib by Tannic Acid-Based Nanocapsules Helps Develop Antitumor Immunity (2019)

A group of chemotherapeutic drugs has gained increasing interest in cancer immunotherapy due to the potential to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD). A critical challenge in using the ICD inducers in cancer immunotherapy is the immunotoxicity accompanying their antiproliferative effects. To alleviate this, a nanocapsule formulation of carfilzomib (CFZ), an ICD-inducing proteasome inhibitor, was developed using interfacial supramolecular assembly of tannic acid (TA) and iron, supplemented with albumin coating. The albumin-coated CFZ nanocapsules (CFZ-pTA-alb) attenuated CFZ release, reducing toxicity to immune cells. Moreover, due to the adhesive nature of the TA assembly, CFZ-pTA-alb served as a reservoir of damage-associated molecular patterns released from dying tumor cells to activate dendritic cells. Upon intratumoral administration, CFZ-pTA-alb prolonged tumor retention of CFZ and showed consistently greater antitumor effects than cyclodextrin-solubilized CFZ (CFZ-CD) in B16F10 and CT26 tumor models. Unlike CFZ-CD, the locally injected CFZ-pTA-alb protected or enhanced CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell population in tumors, helped develop splenocytes with tumor-specific interferon-γ response, and delayed tumor development on the contralateral side in immunocompetent mice (but not in athymic nude mice), supporting that CFZ-pTA-alb contributed to activating antitumor immunity. This study demonstrates that sustained delivery of ICD inducers by TA-based nanocapsules is an effective way of translating local ICD induction to systemic antitumor immunity.
Multiple wavelength operation of an erbium-doped fiber laser (1992)

Wavelength-locked, six-channel, colasing operation using a single gain medium is reported for the first time. The system is an all-fiber, erbium-amplifier-based design that uses a grating wavelength division multiplexer with a fixed channel spacing of 4.8 nm for frequency selection. The authors investigate two possible configurations for the laser cavity.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Atomic-Detail Simulation Studies of Smectic Liquid Crystals (1995)

Abstract We report on large-scale simulation studies of realistic (atomic-detail) models for smectic liquid crystals. Preliminary results obtained for the smectic A phase of TBBA are described in detail. Although significant obstacles must be overcome before atomic-detail simulations can yield reliable quantitative predictions of liquid crystalline properties, our results demonstrate that such simulations can provide valuable insight into the molecular basis of liquid crystalline behavior. Key Words: Smectic liquid crystalsTBBA
Demo (2019)

Arena is an open-access wireless testing platform based on a grid of antennas mounted on the ceiling of a 2240 square feet office-space environment. Each antenna is connected to programmable software-defined radios enabling sub-6 GHz 5G-and-beyond spectrum research. With 12 computational servers, 24 software defined radios synchronized at the symbol level, and a total of 64 antennas, Arena provides the computational power and the scale to foster new technology development in some of the most crowded spectrum bands, ensuring a reconfigurable, scalable, and repeatable real-time experimental evaluation in a real wireless indoor environment. We demonstrate some of the many possible capabilities of Arena in three cases: MIMO Capabilities, Ad Hoc Network, and Cognitive Radio Network.
5Growth: AI-driven 5G for Automation in Vertical Industries (2020)

Spurred by a growing demand for higher-quality mobile services in vertical industries, 5G is integrating a rich set of technologies, traditionally alien to the telco ecosystem, such as machine learning or cloud computing. Despite the initial steps taken in prior research projects in Europe and beyond, additional innovations are needed to support vertical use cases. This is the objective of the 5Growth project: automate vertical support through (i) a portal connecting verticals to 5G platforms (a.k.a. vertical slicer), a multi-domain service orchestrator and a resource management layer, (ii) closed-loop machine-learning-based Service Level Agreement (SLA) control, and (iii) end-to-end optimization. In this paper, we introduce a set of key 5Growth innovations supporting radio slicing, enhanced monitoring and analytics and integration of machine learning.
Synthese von Amino[2.2]paracyclophanen - viel versprechende Monomere für die bioaktive Beschichtung von Medizinimplantaten (2001)

Auf substituierten [2.2]Paracyclophanen basierende Polymere sind viel versprechende Oberflächenbeschichtungen für biomedizinische Anwendungen. Ein weiter reichender Einsatz von Amino[2.2]paracyclophanen wie 1 und 2 war bisher durch das Fehlen einer einfachen Synthese begrenzt. Ihre effektive Herstellung gelang nun in einer Zweistufenreaktion in sehr guten Ausbeuten.
Mathematical Model for Radial Expansion and Conflation of Intratumoral Infectious Centers Predicts Curative Oncolytic Virotherapy Parameters (2013)

Simple, inductive mathematical models of oncolytic virotherapy are needed to guide protocol design and improve treatment outcomes. Analysis of plasmacytomas regressing after a single intravenous dose of oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus in myeloma animal models revealed that intratumoral virus spread was spatially constrained, occurring almost exclusively through radial expansion of randomly distributed infectious centers. From these experimental observations we developed a simple model to calculate the probability of survival for any cell within a treated tumor. The model predicted that small changes to the density of initially infected cells or to the average maximum radius of infected centers would have a major impact on treatment outcome, and this was confirmed experimentally. The new model provides a useful and flexible tool for virotherapy protocol optimization.
Stabilization of Regular Conformational Regions in Proteins by Intraregion Electrostatic Interactions (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStabilization of Regular Conformational Regions in Proteins by Intraregion Electrostatic InteractionsR. L. Jernigan, S. Miyazawa, and S. C. SzuCite this: Macromolecules 1980, 13, 3, 518–525Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60075a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60075a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views26Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Thermodynamic Analysis of β‐Sheet Secondary Structure by Backbone Thioester Exchange (2007)

Kein Vergleich nötig: Die konformative Stabilität von β-Haarnadelstrukturen beim Austausch einer Amidgruppe im Rückgrat gegen einen Thioester wurde untersucht (siehe Bild). Die höhere Flexibilität senkt die Stabilität der β-Haarnadel, ändert die Struktur der gefalteten Konformation aber nicht; überdies kann die Stabilität des gefalteten Zustandes unter nativen Bedingungen ermittelt werden, ohne dass vollständig entfaltete und gefaltete Bezugsverbindungen benötigt werden.
Xampling at the Rate of Innovation (2011)

We address the problem of recovering signals from samples taken at their rate of innovation. Our only assumption is that the sampling system is such that the parameters defining the signal can be stably determined from the samples, a condition that lies at the heart of every sampling theorem. Consequently, our analysis subsumes previously studied nonlinear acquisition devices and nonlinear signal classes. In particular, we do not restrict attention to memoryless nonlinear distortions or to union-of-subspace models. This allows treatment of various finite-rate-of-innovation (FRI) signals that were not previously studied, including, for example, continuous phase modulation transmissions. Our strategy relies on minimizing the error between the measured samples and those corresponding to our signal estimate. This least-squares (LS) objective is generally nonconvex and might possess many local minima. Nevertheless, we prove that under the stability hypothesis, any optimization method designed to trap a stationary point of the LS criterion necessarily converges to the true solution. We demonstrate our approach in the context of recovering pulse streams in settings that were not previously treated. Furthermore, in situations for which other algorithms are applicable, we show that our method is often preferable in terms of noise robustness.
Physiogenomic comparison of human fat loss in response to diets restrictive of carbohydrate or fat (2008)

Fat loss under LC and LF diet regimes appears to have distinct mechanisms, with PFKL and HNMT and RARB involved in fat restriction; and AGTR2 involved in carbohydrate restriction. These discoveries could provide clues to important physiologic mechanisms underlying the Delta%BF to low carbohydrate and low fat diets.
Prostaglandin E2 Increases Lentiviral Vector Transduction Efficiency of Adult Human Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells (2017)

Gene therapy currently in development for hemoglobinopathies utilizes ex vivo lentiviral transduction of CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). A small-molecule screen identified prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) as a positive mediator of lentiviral transduction of CD34+ cells. Supplementation with PGE2 increased lentiviral vector (LVV) transduction of CD34+ cells approximately 2-fold compared to control transduction methods with no effect on cell viability. Transduction efficiency was consistently increased in primary CD34+ cells from multiple normal human donors and from patients with β-thalassemia or sickle cell disease. Notably, PGE2 increased transduction of repopulating human HSPCs in an immune-deficient (nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency/interleukin-2 gamma receptor null [NSG]) xenotransplantation mouse model without evidence of in vivo toxicity, lineage bias, or a de novo bias of lentiviral integration sites. These data suggest that PGE2 improves lentiviral transduction and increases vector copy number, therefore resulting in increased transgene expression. As a result, PGE2 may be useful in clinical gene therapy applications using lentivirally modified HSPCs. Gene therapy currently in development for hemoglobinopathies utilizes ex vivo lentiviral transduction of CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). A small-molecule screen identified prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) as a positive mediator of lentiviral transduction of CD34+ cells. Supplementation with PGE2 increased lentiviral vector (LVV) transduction of CD34+ cells approximately 2-fold compared to control transduction methods with no effect on cell viability. Transduction efficiency was consistently increased in primary CD34+ cells from multiple normal human donors and from patients with β-thalassemia or sickle cell disease. Notably, PGE2 increased transduction of repopulating human HSPCs in an immune-deficient (nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency/interleukin-2 gamma receptor null [NSG]) xenotransplantation mouse model without evidence of in vivo toxicity, lineage bias, or a de novo bias of lentiviral integration sites. These data suggest that PGE2 improves lentiviral transduction and increases vector copy number, therefore resulting in increased transgene expression. As a result, PGE2 may be useful in clinical gene therapy applications using lentivirally modified HSPCs.
Early Detection of Biofouling on Water Purification Membranes by Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging (2017)

By direct analysis of water purification membranes using ambient ionization mass spectrometry, an attempt has been made to understand the molecular signatures of bacterial fouling. Membrane based purification methods are used extensively in water treatment, and a major challenge for them is biofouling. The buildup of microbes and their extracellular polymeric matrix clog the purification membranes and reduce their efficiency. To understand the early stages of bacterial fouling on water purification membranes, we have used desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI MS), where ion formation occurs in ambient conditions and the ionization event is surface sensitive. Biosurfactants at the air-water interface generated by microorganisms as a result of quorum sensing, influence the water-membrane interface and are important for the bacterial attachment. We show that these biosurfactants produced by bacteria can be indicator molecular species signifying initiation of biofilms on membrane surfaces, demonstrated by specific DESI MS signatures. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, one of the best studied models for biofilm formation, this process is mediated by rhamnolipids forewarning bacterial fouling. Species dependent variation of such molecules can be used for the precise identification of the microorganisms, as revealed by studies on P. aeroginosa (ATCC 25619). The production of biosurfactants is tightly regulated at the transcriptional level by the quorum-sensing (QS) response. Thus, secretion of these extracellular molecules across the membrane surface allows rapid screening of the biofilm community. We show that, the ambient ionization mass spectrometry can detect certain toxic heavy metals present in water, using surfactant-metal complexes as analytes. We believe that such studies conducted on membranes in various input water streams will help design suitable membrane processes specific to the input streams.
Abstract A15: SMC2 role in regulating tumor angiogenesis via FGF signaling (2016)

Abstract Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) play a crucial role during embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, wound healing and angiogenesis. FGF-binding protein 1 (FGFBP1) is a secreted protein that binds FGFs stored in the extracellular matrix and transports them to their receptor, therefore they can modulate FGF signaling. FGFBP1 contributes to the progression of many cancers including colon, pancreas and squamous cell cancer. It acts as an angiogenic switch during tumor development. E0771 cells, a murine mammary carcinoma cell line, was subcutaneously injected into syngeneic C57BL/6 mice. While these cells form aggressive tumors within two weeks and metastasize to the lungs in wild type FGFBP1 (FGFBP1+/+) mice, there was no tumor growth or metastasis in FGFBP1 knock out (FGFBP1-/-) mice. A genome-wide shRNA library screen revealed a novel role for structural maintenance of the chromosome 2 (SMC2) in compensating for the loss of FGFBP1 in the stroma of FGFBP1-/- mice. E0771 cells with SMC2 knock down (KD) or CRISPR targeting SMC2 formed aggressive tumors in FGFBP1-/- mice and metastasized to the lungs. Surprisingly, FGFBP1 expression level was 32 folds lower in SMC2 KD E0771 cells yet FGF2 was 16 folds up in the tumors from SMC2 KD E0771 cells. Tumor histology shows impaired and leaky angiogenesis in FGFBP1-/- compared to FGFBP1+/+ mice. Furthermore, higher levels of GM-CSF and G-CSF were detected in the conditioned media (CM) of SMC2 KD E0771 cells compared to control cells suggesting differential immune cell recruitment. Also, an endothelial monolayer exposed to CM from SMC2 KD E0771 cells showed delayed wound closure and loose junctions suggesting a tendency for endothelium disintegration and initiation of blood vessel formation. Interestingly, the CM effect was blocked using PD173074, a pan FGFR inhibitor. In conclusion, SMC2 demonstrate a role in regulating FGF signaling which affects the course of angiogenesis during tumor development. Note: This abstract was not presented at the conference. Citation Format: Ghada M. Sharif, Marcel O. Schmidt, Casey Shuptrine, Weiner M. Louis, Anna T. Riegel, Anton Wellstein. SMC2 role in regulating tumor angiogenesis via FGF signaling. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Metastasis; 2015 Nov 30-Dec 3; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(7 Suppl):Abstract nr A15.
Transcobalamin I (TC I) deficiency, a common cause of falsely low serum cobalamin (Cbl), is usually genetic, and plasma corrinoid analogs are decreased: is “withholding” Cbl and its analogs from human cells and the microbiome the chief biological role for TC I? (2013)

TC I is the most ubiquitous and abundant human Cbl‐binding protein but differs by not promoting Cbl uptake by cells. It carries all nonfunctional corrinoid analogs and &gt;;70% of Cbl in plasma. Once thought rare, mild TC I deficiency (mTC I def) may cause 15% of low Cbl levels, which led us to examine TC I def and its implications for TC I biology. mTC I def and severe TC I def (sTC I def) were identified by TC I immunoassay. Plasma analogs were estimated by differential results between radioisotope dilution Cbl assays using TC I or intrinsic factor as binding proteins. All 4 studied patients with sTC I def were non‐Caucasian and homozygous or compound heterozygous for nonsense and deleterious missense TCN1 mutations (270delG; 315C&gt;;T; 475T&gt;;C). In mTC I def, 21 non‐Caucasian patients and affected relatives (14 families) were heterozygous for 270delG and 1 for 315C&gt;;T, and 12 Caucasian patients (9 families) for 999G&gt;;T, a deleterious missense mutation. Only 18 unrelated families with mTC I def had no detectable mutations. Analogs were decreased nonsignificantly in mTC I def plasma and absent in sTC I def. The TCN1 mutations in 24 of 42 families (57%) suggest that mTC I def is usually hereditary. We propose that the chief function of TC I is to withhold both Cbl and analogs from a variety of cells for a variety of reasons. The frequency of ethnically specific mutations suggests possible selective pressures to modulate TC I in diverse populations.
Analysis of countercurrent membrane vapor extraction of a dilute aqueous biosolute (2015)

Removal of dilute bioproducts from fermenter broths is a major challenge both to avoid microbe inhibition and to recover solutes economically without water loss. We analyze a proposed new process, membrane vapor extraction (MVE), where semi‐volatile dilute aqueous solutes vaporize at the upstream side of an omniphobic, microporous membrane and dissolve into a nonpolar solvent highly favorable to the solutes but not to water. A new membrane‐process analysis is outlined and applied to the countercurrent recovery of 2 wt % aqueous butanol by a prototype solvent (dodecane) at 40°C. Thermodynamic phase equilibria, pioneered by the Prausnitz school, are crucial to MVE process design. Over 90% of the feed butanol is recovered with essentially no water loss giving a separation factor of over 1000. Energy requirements in MVE are low. Our design calculations demonstrate that MVE is a viable separation process to remove and recover dilute aqueous biosolutes. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J , 61: 2795–2809, 2015
Multidrug-resistant tumor cells remain sensitive to a recombinant interleukin-4-Pseudomonas exotoxin, except when overexpressing the multidrug resistance protein MRP1. (2003)

Tumor cells may become resistant to conventional anticancer drugs through the occurrence of transmembrane transporter proteins such as P-glycoprotein (ABCB1), breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2), or members of the multidrug resistance-associated protein family (MRP1-MRP5; ABCC1-ABCC5). In this report, we studied whether tumor cells that are cytostatic drug resistant because of overexpression of one of the above mentioned proteins are sensitive to a new anticancer agent, interleukin-4 toxin (IL-4 toxin). IL-4 toxin is a fusion protein composed of circularly permuted IL-4 and a truncated form of Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE) [IL-4(38-37)-PE38KDEL]. Ninety-six-h cytotoxicity assays and 10-day clonogenic assays showed that drug-selected multidrug resistant (MDR) tumor cells that overexpress P-glycoprotein or breast cancer resistance proteins are still sensitive to IL-4 toxin. Also, tumor cells transfected with cDNA for MRP2-5 showed no resistance, or marginal resistance, only to the toxin as compared with the parent cells. In contrast, MRP1-overexpressing cells, both drug selected and MRP1 transfected, are clearly resistant to IL-4 toxin with resistance factors of 4.3 to 8.4. MRP1-overexpressing cells were not resistant to PE itself. IL-4 toxin resistance in MRP1-overexpressing cells could be reversed by the MRP1 inhibitors probenecid or MK571 and were not affected by glutathione depletion by DL-buthionine-S,R-sulfoximine. In a transport assay using plasma membrane vesicles prepared from MRP1-overexpressing cells, IL-4 toxin and IL-4, but not PE, inhibited the translocation of the known MRP1 substrate 17beta-estradiol 17-(beta-D-glucuronide) (E(2)17betaG). These data suggest that MRP1-overexpressing cells are resistant to IL-4 toxin because of extrusion of this agent by MRP1. Still, the results of this study demonstrate that IL-4 toxin effectively kills most MDR tumor cells and, therefore, represents a promising anticancer drug.
ChemInform Abstract: TRANSITION METAL‐METHYLENE COMPLEXES. LV. (2 + 2)‐CYCLOADDITION OF AN IMINOBORANE TO A METHYLENE‐TITANIUM COORDINATION COMPOUND (1985)

Abstract Das Iminoboran (IIa) reagiert mit aus dem Titanacyclobutan (I) erzeugten, kurzlebigen CpzTi = CH, in situ durch eine [2 + 2]‐Cycloaddition zu dem Azaboratitanacyclobutan (IIIa).
<title>Fabrication of true 3D microstructures in glass/ceramic materials by pulsed UV laser volumetric exposure techniques</title> (1999)

A pulsed UV laser based technique has been developed which permits the transfer, by direct-write exposure, of 3D image into a photosensitive glass/ceramic material. The exposed latent image volume is developed via temperature programmed bake process and then etched away using HF in solution. The height of the 3D microstructures is controlled by the initial laser wavelength used during the exposure and the time duration of the etching cycle. Using this technique we have fabricated large arrays of microstructures which have applications to microfluidics, microelectromechanical systems and optoelectronics. The resulting master copy can be used either as is or by use standard injection modeling techniques converted into a metallic or plastic copies. We present these results and others which have specific applications to miniature 1Kg class satellites - nanosatellites.
Auswertung (1980)

In diesem Kapitel werden die Ergebnisse der in Kapitel 3 geschilderten Untersuchung dargestellt und diskutiert. Eine Strukturierung erfolgt dabei in zweierlei Richtung.