gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A differential vertical hybrid coupler and low capacitance RF pads for millimeter-wave applications in 28 nm CMOS FDSOI (2018)

As millimeter-wave applications mostly rely on differential topologies, a differential design for quadrature hybrid coupler is also desired. The proposed Differential Vertical Hybrid Coupler (DVHC) concept is presented and dimensions are given for a 75 GHz operating frequency using 28 nm CMOS FDSOI technology. Simulated insertion loss is only 0.5 dB while return loss and isolation are close to 30 dB exhibiting very weak frequency dependence on all ports. Measurements on test structures confirm wideband operation and low insertion loss. Additionally, a flip-chip compatible RF pad with ultra-low parasitic capacitance is designed here and characterized (11 fF reported at 75 GHz).
Museums and Renewed Relations: Choctaw-French Nations of the Eighteenth Century and Present (2022)

In a recent exhibit, the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma, Musée du quai Branly-Jacques Chirac, and Bibliothèque Municipale de Versailles worked together to learn more about the museum’s royal Americas collection which features items from numerous Indigenous communities. Collected by French explorers during the eighteenth century and later displayed in royal curiosity cabinets, these items have not been seen by Choctaw communities since they left the continent. This collaboration has culminated in the “La Curiosité d’un Prince” exhibit, which features a room curated by Choctaw Nation. This article shows how a joint initiative to study the collection gave voice to the relationships and material histories inherent in the items. Reflecting on this less-known historical period, this collaboration has reinvigorated Choctaw-French relations and allowed Choctaw Nation to showcase the richness and complexity of its sovereignty—which is often narrowly understood through its relationship with the United States. By providing an example of true collaboration that has spurred new research and writing on both the cultural and political knowledge contained in the objects held in France, we demonstrate the potential for relationships and knowledge inherent in museum collections to act as a platform for new expressions of Indigenous sovereignty.
GATA-like protein-1 (GLP-1) is required for normal germ cell development during embryonic oogenesis (2010)

Oogenesis and primordial follicle formation are tightly linked processes, requiring organized and precisely timed communication between somatic and germ cells. Deviations in ovarian cell cross talk, or aberrant gene expression within one of the cell populations, can lead to follicle loss or dysfunction, resulting in infertility. Expression of GATA-like protein-1 (GLP-1) in ovarian somatic cells is required for normal fertility in female mice, as GLP-1 deficiency leads to the absence of oocytes at birth. However, the timing and nature of this germ cell loss is not well understood. In this study, we characterize the embryonic germ cell loss in GLP-1 null mice. Quantitative PCR demonstrates that ovarian Glp-1 mRNA is expressed in a bimodal pattern during embryogenesis, peaking at E13.5-14.5 and again at birth. In contrast, adult ovaries express low but detectable levels of Glp-1 mRNA. Analysis of developing GLP-1 null mouse ovaries shows that germ cells are appropriately specified and migrate normally to nascent gonads. Upon arrival at the gonad, precocious loss of germ cells begins at around E13.5. This loss is completed by birth and is accompanied by defects in the expression of genes associated with meiotic entry. Interestingly, somatic pregranulosa cells still form basement membranes surrounding germ line cysts and express mRNA encoding paracrine signaling molecules that communicate with oocytes, albeit at lower levels than normal. Together, these data imply that the somatic cell protein GLP-1 is not necessary for many pregranulosa cell functions but is required for germ cell survival.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TAP CHANGER CONTROL ALGORITHMS FOR DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS WITH HIGH PENETRATION OF RENEWABLES (2014)

This paper reviews commonly implemented tap changer control algorithms and evaluates their effectiveness in networks with high penetration of renewable generation.
Cost competitive second‐generation ethanol production from hemicellulose in a Brazilian sugarcane biorefinery (2016)

Abstract Producing second‐generation ethanol from the five carbon ( C5 ) sugars in bagasse and cane trash could increase ethanol yield at first‐generation sugarcane biorefineries in Brazil. Co‐fermenting C5 sugars with cane juice and molasses in the first‐generation fermenters is a potentially attractive process configuration enabled by recent biotechnology advances. To assess the feasibility of this cofermentation, batch fermentations of molasses supplemented with xylose, the primary C5 sugar in hemicellulose, were conducted at lab scale using a yeast strain, M3799 , engineered to ferment xylose. At cell loadings consistent with Brazilian fuel ethanol fermentation, M3799 was able to convert 17.8 g/L of xylose sugar along with sugars typically found in molasses to produce 71.5 g/L of ethanol in 8 h. Based on this capability, a process that produces a C5 ‐enriched cane juice by integrating a steam pre‐treatment reactor with the existing cane mill is investigated. Process modeling analysis of several integrated pre‐treatment configurations predicts that sugar recovery on cane can be increased by 11% to 20% compared to traditional milling. This additional sugar can be fermented by C5 yeast in the first‐generation fermentation to produce up to 37% more ethanol without effecting sugar coproduction. Due to close integration with the first‐generation host plant, these projects achieve a minimum ethanol selling price ( MESP ) of $0.17/L to $0.29/L at a 10% return, which is lower than the reported MESP for other second‐generation projects and is cost competitive with first‐generation ethanol and gasoline. This translates to capital payback ( EBITA /Capex) in two to four years. © 2016 The Authors. Biofuels, Bioproducts, and Biorefining published by Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Peer-to-peer architecture for real-time strategy MMOGs with intelligent cheater detection (2012)

Massively multi-player online games (MMOGs) are having increasing success, because they allow players to explore huge virtual worlds and to interact in many different ways, either cooperating or competing. To implement MMOGs that support several million users, a decentralized communication infrastru
(Keynote) Deciphering Electrocatalytic Reactions with Theory and Computation: The Case of CO2 Reduction (2022)

The interfacial region between metal surface and aqueous electrolyte is of central importance for electrochemical reactions. The need to understand the properties of this electrochemical double layer (EDL) region drives extensive research. 1,2 A foremost goal of research in electrocatalysis is the development of a theoretical-computational framework. The fundamental task for such a framework is to unravel the complex interplay of electronic structure effects of the catalyst material, potential-induced variations of the chemisorption state, local reaction conditions on the electrolyte side, and electrochemical kinetics of reactions of interest. A recently developed theoretical approach revealed the non-monotonic charging behaviour of a Pt electrode 3 and it was thereafter used to decipher the oxygen reduction reaction. 4 In the present work, we adapt this approach to study how the local reaction environment dictates the mechanism and kinetics of reduction to CO at an Ag electrode. Our hierarchical model accounts for the multistep reaction kinetics of surface reactions, local chemical equilibria (involving CO 2 , HCO 3 - , CO 3 2- , OH - , H + ), the specific surface charging state at a given electrode potential, solvent polarization and ion density variations, and reactant/product transport. It integrates interface and pore-level models to account for this interplay. The combined approach rationalizes the impact of the considered effects on the kinetics of the reaction, manifested experimentally in changes of the effective Tafel slope as a function of electrode potential. Lateral interactions between chemisorbed species are seen to contribute to the decrease of the CO current density at high electrode potentials, in addition to mass transport effects, surface charging effects and pH increase. We will conclude with a discussion of the parameters that allow tuning the local reaction environment and thus the electrocatalytic activity and selectivity of the electrocatalyst. 1 O.M. Magnussen and A. Gross, Toward an Atomic-Scale Understanding of Electrochemical Interface Structure and Dynamics , J. Am. Chem. Soc. 141 , 4777–4790 (2019). 2 M.J. Eslamibidgoli and M.H. Eikerling, Approaching the Self-consistency Challenge of Electrocatalysis with Theory and Computation , Current Opinion in Electrochemistry 9 , 189-197 (2018). 3 J. Huang, A. Malek, J. Zhang and M.H. Eikerling, Non-monotonic Surface Charging Behavior of Platinum: A Paradigm Change , J. Phys. Chem. C 120 , 13587-13595 (2016). 4 J. Huang, J. Zhang and M. Eikerling , Unifying Theoretical Framework for Deciphering the Oxygen Reduction Reaction on Platinum , Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 20 , 11776-11786 (2018).
Accelerated Clearance and Degradation of Cell-Free HIV by Neutralizing Antibodies Occurs via FcγRIIb on Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells by Endocytosis (2021)

Neutralizing Abs suppress HIV infection by accelerating viral clearance from blood circulation in addition to neutralization. The elimination mechanism is largely unknown. We determined that human liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) express FcγRIIb as the lone Fcγ receptor, and using humanized FcγRIIb mouse, we found that Ab-opsonized HIV pseudoviruses were cleared considerably faster from circulation than HIV by LSEC FcγRIIb. Compared with humanized FcγRIIb-expressing mice, HIV clearance was significantly slower in FcγRIIb knockout mice. Interestingly, a pentamix of neutralizing Abs cleared HIV faster compared with hyperimmune anti-HIV Ig (HIVIG), although the HIV Ab/Ag ratio was higher in immune complexes made of HIVIG and HIV than pentamix and HIV. The effector mechanism of LSEC FcγRIIb was identified to be endocytosis. Once endocytosed, both Ab-opsonized HIV pseudoviruses and HIV localized to lysosomes. This suggests that clearance of HIV, endocytosis, and lysosomal trafficking within LSEC occur sequentially and that the clearance rate may influence downstream events. Most importantly, we have identified LSEC FcγRIIb-mediated endocytosis to be the Fc effector mechanism to eliminate cell-free HIV by Abs, which could inform development of HIV vaccine and Ab therapy.
OMTDR-based embedded cable diagnosis for mutliple fire zones detection and location in aircraft engines (2017)

Nowadays, the safety of passengers on board is the first preoccupation for aircraft manufacturers. For this reason, next-generation helicopters are now being designed with a wide range of advanced technologies to reinforce safety. In this context, a new fire detection system based on reflectometry is proposed for monitoring the engines of helicopters. The main idea is to mesh engines by a fireproof cable that serves not only as a physical support of test signals, but also as a fire detection sensor. To do so, OMTDR technology is integrated into an electronic device analyzing in permanence the impedance variation of the sensor caused by a temperature increase. The proposed fire detection system permits not only to detect the fire as conventional systems, but also to locate it with accuracy. Moreover, the fire detection sensor becomes intelligent since it is able to self-diagnosis (i.e. hard fault, aging, etc.) thanks to OMTDR use. For feasibility proof, a demonstrator is developed and tested in laboratory. Experimental results show that the fire detection system is able to detect and locate multiple fire zones simultaneously without loss of accuracy.
A compact structure for realizing Lorentzian, Fano, and electromagnetically induced transparency resonance lineshapes in a microring resonator (2018)

Abstract Microring resonators, as a fundamental building block of photonic integrated circuits, are well developed into numerous functional devices, whose performances are strongly determined by microring’s resonance lineshapes. We propose a compact structure to reliably realize Lorentzian, Fano, and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance lineshapes in a microring. By simply inserting two air‐holes in the side‐coupled waveguide of a microring, a Fabry‐Perot (FP) resonance is involved to couple with microring’s resonant modes, showing Lorentzian, Fano, and EIT lineshapes over one free spectral range of the FP resonance. The quality factors, extinction ratios (ERs), and slope rates (SRs) in different lineshapes are discussed. At microring’s specific resonant wavelength, the lineshape could be tuned among these three types by controlling the FP cavity’s length. Experiment results verify the theoretical analysis well and represent Fano lineshapes with ERs of about 20 dB and SRs over 280 dB/nm. The reliably and flexibly tunable lineshapes in the compact structure have potentials to improve microring‐based devices and expand their application scopes.
Optical frequency conversion using a linearized LiNbO/sub 3/ modulator (1998)

High dynamic range optical frequency conversion is demonstrated using a third-order linearized modulator. A record dynamic range of 122.5 dB/spl middot/Hz/sup 4/5/ was achieved at an input frequency of 400 MHz.
Epigenetic silencing BCL6B induced colorectal cancer proliferation and metastasis by inhibiting P53 signaling. (2015)

BCL6B, a homologue of BCL6, has been reported to be frequently methylated in human gastric cancer. The epigenetic change and the function of BCL6B remains to be elucidated in colorectal cancer. 7 colorectal cancer cell lines (RKO, HT-29, DLD1, LOVO, HCT116, SW480, SW620) and 102 cases of primary colorectal cancer samples were used in this study. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR, methylation specific PCR (MSP), Flow cytometry and western blot were employed. Loss of BCL6B expression was found in HT29, RKO LOVO, SW480, SW620 and DLD1 cells, and reduced expression was found in HCT116 cell line. Complete methylation was found in HT29, RKO, LOVO, SW480, SW620 and DLD1 cells, partial methylation was detected in HCT116 cells. Restoration of BCL6B expression was induced by 5-Aza treatment in these colorectal cancer cells. BCL6B was methylated in 79.4% (81/102) of primary human colorectal cancer and reduced expression was associated with promoter region hypermethylation (p < 0.05). Methylation of BCL6B is associated with late stage (p < 0.05) and lymph node metastasis (p < 0.05). Re-expression of BCL6B inhibited cell proliferation, invasion and migration in RKO and HT29 cells. BCL6B activated P53 signaling and induced apoptosis, Re-expression of BCL6B sensitized RKO and HT29 cells to 5-fluorouracil. In conclusion, BCL6B was frequently methylated in human colorectal cancer and its expression was regulated by promoter region methylation. Methylation of BCL6B is a prognostic and chemo-sensitive marker in colorectal cancer. BCL6B suppresses colorectal cancer growth by activating P53 signaling.
A Polymer Microdevice for Tensiometry of Insoluble Components (2014)

A semi-flexible SU-8 polymer microdevice was designed to deflect in response to a change in surface tension at an air-water interface. The suspended microtensiometer encloses a clean water-air interface, while externally the device is surrounded by an interface containing an insoluble component. The difference in surface tension between the inside and outside of the device, called the surface pressure, causes the device to deflect. Finite element simulations were performed to predict device behavior prior to fabrication. Finished devices were tested in a Langmuir trough during multiple compression and expansion cycles, using a platinum Wilhelmy plate for an independent surface pressure measurement. A resolution of 0.16 mN/m was achieved.
Photothermal behavior of an optical path adhesive used for photonics applications at 1550 nm (2001)

A theoretical and experimental study of photothermal behavior in a commercially available optical path adhesive is described. Photothermal effects were examined for cw and pulsed laser radiation (approximately 1 micros) at 1550 nm. A fiber-optic backreflection technique was used to measure the thermo-optic glass transition temperature of the adhesive. This transition temperature was then used to calibrate fiber-optic photothermal blooming and backreflection pump-probe experiments. Simple thermal models predict DT at 300 mW (cw) to be 65 degrees C and 53 degrees C at 100 W (pulsed). Experimental results are in reasonable agreement with theoretical predictions. The characteristic photothermal relaxation time after a 1-mus pulse for optical path adhesives is found to be 166 micros at the end of a fiber where the mode field diameter is 10.5 micron. Photothermally induced temperatures were found to be below the thermal degradation temperature of the adhesive even at powers as high as 1 W (cw) or 100 W (pulse).
Modifying the Surface of Silica Nanoparticles with Amino or Carboxyl Groups Decreases Their Cytotoxicity to Parenchymal Hepatocytes (2017)

We previously reported that unmodified silica nanoparticles with diameters of 70 nm (nSP70) induced liver damage in mice, whereas nSP70 modified with carboxyl or amino groups did not. In addition, we have found that both unmodified and modified nSP70s localize in both Kupffer cells and parenchymal hepatocytes. We therefore evaluated the contributions of nSP70 uptake by these cell populations to liver damage. To this end, we pretreated mice with gadolinium (III) chloride hydrate (GdCl<sub>3</sub>) to prevent nSP70 uptake by Kupffer cells, subsequently injected the mice with either type of nSP70, and then assessed plasma levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT). In mice given GdCl<sub>3</sub>, unmodified nSP70 increased ALT levels. From these data, we hypothesized that in GdCl<sub>3</sub>-treated mice, the unmodified nSP70 that was prevented from entering Kupffer cells was shunted to parenchymal hepatocytes, where it induced cytotoxicity and increased liver damage. In contrast, GdCl<sub>3</sub> pretreatment had no effect on ALT levels in mice injected with surface-modified nSP70s, suggesting that modified nSP70s spared parenchymal hepatocytes and thus induced negligible liver damage. In cytotoxicity analyses, the viability of a parenchymal hepatocyte line was greater when exposed to surface-modified nSP70s than to unmodified nSP70s. These findings imply that the decreased liver damage associated with surface-modified compared with unmodified nSP70 is attributable to decreased cytotoxicity to parenchymal hepatocytes.
Blunt Chest Impacts (1998)

The results of this study indicate that soft-core baseballs may not differ from a standard baseball with regard to the risk of fatal chest-impact injury while playing baseball. Other techniques, such as preventive coaching, need to be implemented when trying to improve baseball safety.
DETECTION OF HIGH ENERGY MATERIALS AT SAFE DISTACES (2010)

We will demonstrate results from portable stand‐off Raman systems for identification of high energy materials. The first system is a handheld 785 based system with distance capabilities from 0.3 to 3 meters. The second system is a larger tripod mounted system based on 1064 nm laser excitation that measures distances from 3 to 10 meters.
Environmental variation and quantitative genetic parameters in the feral pigeon, Columba livia (1990)

The estimation of quantitative genetic parameters and modes of selection in natural populations can provide critical information concerning both past and current evolution of mean phenotypes. We examine the influence of environmental variation on the genetic variance-covariance matrix (G) of external morphological traits in feral pigeons, and the degree of correspondence between phenotypic (rp) and genetic correlations (rg) of these characters. Our results suggest that adverse environmental conditions affect heritability, and that the correspondence between seasonal estimates of G based on midparent scores is low. There is, however, a strong correspondence between rp and rg. We suggest that, if environmental variation is relatively common, estimates of quantitative genetic parameters for prospective selection studies must be undertaken at each selection episode.
Correcting Automated and Manual Speech Transcription Errors Using Warped Language Models (2021)

Masked language models have revolutionized natural language processing systems in the past few years. A recently introduced generalization of masked language models called warped language models are trained to be more robust to the types of errors that appear in automatic or manual transcriptions of spoken language by exposing the language model to the same types of errors during training. In this work we propose a novel approach that takes advantage of the robustness of warped language models to transcription noise for correcting transcriptions of spoken language. We show that our proposed approach is able to achieve up to 10% reduction in word error rates of both automatic and manual transcriptions of spoken language.
An epi-retinal visual prosthesis implementation (2003)

Retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration leads to blindness through progressive loss of retinal photoreceptors. This paper describes an epi-retina visual prosthesis intended to provide electrical stimulation of the remaining, post-degenerative retina in order to recover some useful vision. The system includes extraoccular image acquisition and processing, a telemetry link based on inductive coupling, and an implantable neuro-stimulator for retina stimulation.
Insecticidal activity of scorpion toxin (ButaIT) and snowdrop lectin (GNA) containing fusion proteins towards pest species of different orders (2009)

Toxicity of the ButaIT/GNA recombinant fusion protein towards a range of insect pests from different orders was demonstrated by injection bioassays. Feeding bioassays demonstrated the potential use of the ButaIT/GNA fusion protein as an orally active insecticide against lepidopteran, dipteran and coleopteran pests. These experiments provide further evidence that the development of fusion protein technology for the generation of new, biorational, anti-insect molecules holds significant promise.
Advanced Electrodes for High Power Li-ion Batteries (2013)

While little success has been obtained over the past few years in attempts to increase the capacity of Li-ion batteries, significant improvement in the power density has been achieved, opening the route to new applications, from hybrid electric vehicles to high-power electronics and regulation of the intermittency problem of electric energy supply on smart grids. This success has been achieved not only by decreasing the size of the active particles of the electrodes to few tens of nanometers, but also by surface modification and the synthesis of new multi-composite particles. It is the aim of this work to review the different approaches that have been successful to obtain Li-ion batteries with improved high-rate performance and to discuss how these results prefigure further improvement in the near future.