gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
3D Printed Bioresponsive Devices with Selective Permeability Inspired by Eggshell Membrane for Effective Biochemical Conversion (2020)

Eggshell membrane has selective permeability that enables gas or liquid molecules to pass through while effectively preventing migration of microbial species. Herein, inspired by the architecture of the eggshell membrane, we employ three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques to realize bioresponsive devices with excellent selective permeability for effective biochemical conversion. The fabricated devices show 3D conductive carbon nanofiber membranes in which precultured microbial cells are controllably deployed. The resulting outcome provides excellent selective permeability between chemical and biological species, which enables acquisition of target responses generated by biological species confined within the device upon input signals. In addition, electrically conductive carbon nanofiber networks provide a platform for real-time monitoring of metabolism of microbial cells in the device. The suggested platform represents an effort to broaden microbial applications by constructing biologically programmed devices for desired responses enabled by designated deployment of engineered cells in a securely confined manner within enclosed membranes using 3D printing methods.
Impact of transient currents caused by alternating drain stress in oxide semiconductors (2017)

Reliability issues associated with driving metal-oxide semiconductor thin film transistors (TFTs), which may arise from various sequential drain/gate pulse voltage stresses and/or certain environmental parameters, have not received much attention due to the competing desire to characterise the shift in the transistor characteristics caused by gate charging. In this paper, we report on the reliability of these devices under AC bias stress conditions because this is one of the major sources of failure. In our analysis, we investigate the effects of the driving frequency, pulse shape, strength of the applied electric field, and channel current, and the results are compared with those from a general reliability test in which the devices were subjected to negative/positive bias, temperature, and illumination stresses, which are known to cause the most stress to oxide semiconductor TFTs. We also report on the key factors that affect the sub-gap defect states, and suggest a possible origin of the current degradation observed with an AC drive. Circuit designers should apply a similar discovery and analysis method to ensure the reliable design of integrated circuits with oxide semiconductor devices, such as the gate driver circuits used in display devices.
Temporal Behavior of Capsule Enlargement by Cryptococcus neoformans (2013)

Microbial capsules are important virulence traits that mediate cell-host interactions and provide protection against host immune defense mechanisms. Cryptococcus neoformans is a yeast-like fungus that is capable of synthesizing a complex polysaccharide (PS) capsule that is required for causing disease. Microscopic visualization of capsule enlargement is difficult, because the capsule is a highly hydrated structure with an index of refraction that is very close to that of aqueous medium. In this study, we took advantage of the capsular reaction ("quellung" effect) produced by IgM monoclonal antibody (MAb) 13F1 to increase the refraction index difference between capsule and medium such that we visualized the capsule using differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy. Time-lapse size measurements allowed us to quantify the growth rate of the capsule relative to that of the cell body. The increase in capsule volume per unit of time was consistent with a logistic variable slope model in which the capsule's final size was proportional to the rate of its growth. The rate of capsule growth (0.3 to 2.5 µm(3)/min) was at least 4-fold faster than the rate of cell body growth (0.1 to 0.3 µm(3)/min), and there was large cell-to-cell variation in the temporal kinetics of capsule and cellular growth. Previous to the first cellular replication event, both the capsule and cell body enlarged simultaneously, and their differences showed monotonic growth, which was affected only by its rate of volume increase per unit of time. Using these results, we provide an updated model for cryptococcal capsule biogenesis.
Effect of Au Coating on the Wettability of Cu Substrate by Sn-Ag Eutectic Solder (1999)

The influence of thin coating of Au (70 nm) on the wettability of the Cu substrate by Sn-Ag eutectic solder (Sn-3.5Ag) was investigated, using a meniscograph testing machine equipped with a contact angle measuring system. Wettability of Cu by liquid Sn-3.5Ag was improved by Au coating, especially in contact angles. Namely, the contact angle was reduced to 29°∼30° on the Au-coated Cu from 42°∼45° on the uncoated Cu. On the Au-coated Cu, Au layers remained on unwetted areas, while it dissolved into solder on wetted areas, followed by the formation of a Cu-Sn intermetallic compound as seen on the uncoated Cu. The improvement in the wettability by Au coating on the Cu substrate would be caused by the difference of substrate-flux interfacial tensions (γsf).On the other hand, the wettability of the Au substrate by liquid Sn-3.5Ag with the contact angle of 60°∼64° was inferior to that of the Au-coated Cu. At the solder-Au substrate interface, Au-Sn intermetallic compounds were formed, which were not formed on the Au-coated Cu substrate. Consequently, the difference of the wettability between Au and Au-coated Cu is attributed to the difference of substrate-liquid solder interfacial tensions (γsl).These results suggest that it is necessary for the Au layer to be thin so as not to form Au-Sn intermetallic compound at the solder-substrate interface for the improvement in the wettability of the Cu substrate.
Semiautomatic bladder segmentation on CBCT using a population-based model for multiple-plan ART of bladder cancer (2012)

The aim of this study is to develop a novel semiautomatic bladder segmentation approach for selecting the appropriate plan from the library of plans for a multiple-plan adaptive radiotherapy (ART) procedure. A population-based statistical bladder model was first built from a training data set (95 bladder contours from 8 patients). This model was then used as constraint to segment the bladder in an independent validation data set (233 CBCT scans from the remaining 22 patients). All 3D bladder contours were converted into parametric surface representations using spherical harmonic expansion. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied in the spherical harmonic-based shape parameter space to calculate the major variation of bladder shapes. The number of dominating PCA modes was chosen such that 95% of the total shape variation of the training data set was described. The automatic segmentation started from the bladder contour of the planning CT of each patient, which was modified by changing the weight of each PCA mode. As a result, the segmentation contour was deformed consistently with the training set to best fit the bladder boundary in the localization CBCT image. A cost function was defined to measure the goodness of fit of the segmentation on the localization CBCT image. The segmentation was obtained by minimizing this cost function using a simplex optimizer. After automatic segmentation, a fast manual correction method was provided to correct those bladders (parts) that were poorly segmented. Volume- and distance-based metrics and the accuracy of plan selection from multiple plans were evaluated to quantify the performance of the automatic and semiautomatic segmentation methods. For the training data set, only seven PCA modes were needed to represent 95% of the bladder shape variation. The mean CI overlap and residual error (SD) of automatic bladder segmentation over all of the validation data were 70.5% and 0.39 cm, respectively. The agreement of plan selection between automatic bladder segmentation and manual delineation was 56.7%. The automatic segmentation and visual assessment took on average 7.8 and 9.7 s, respectively. In 53.4% of the cases, manual correction was performed after automatic segmentation. The manual correction improved the mean CI overlap, mean residual error and plan selection agreement to 77.7%, 0.30 cm and 80.7%, respectively. Manual correction required on average 8.4 markers and took on average 35.5 s. The statistical shape-based segmentation approach allows automatic segmentation of the bladder on CBCT with moderate accuracy. Limited user intervention can quickly and reliably improve the bladder contours. This segmentation method is suitable to select the appropriate plan for multiple-plan ART of bladder cancer.
Photoactive Peptides for Light-Initiated Tyrosyl Radical Generation and Transport into Ribonucleotide Reductase (2007)

The mechanism of radical transport in the alpha2 (R1) subunit of class I E. coli ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) has been investigated by the phototriggered generation of a tyrosyl radical, *Y356, on a 20-mer peptide bound to alpha2. This peptide, Y-R2C19, is identical to the C-terminal peptide tail of the beta2 (R2) subunit and is a known competitive inhibitor of binding of the native beta2 protein to alpha2. *Y356 radical initiation is prompted by excitation (lambda >or= 300 nm) of a proximal anthraquinone, Anq, or benzophenone, BPA, chromophore on the peptide. Transient absorption spectroscopy has been employed to kinetically characterize the radical-producing step by time resolving the semiquinone anion (Anq*-), ketyl radical (*-BPA), and Y* photoproducts on (i) BPA-Y and Anq-Y dipeptides and (ii) BPA/Anq-Y-R2C19 peptides. Light-initiated, single-turnover assays have been carried out with the peptide/alpha2 complex in the presence of [14C]-labeled cytidine 5'-diphosphate substrate and ATP allosteric effector. We show that both the Anq- and BPA-containing peptides are competent in deoxycytidine diphosphate formation and turnover occurs via Y731 to Y730 to C439 pathway-dependent radical transport in alpha2. Experiments with the Y730F mutant exclude a direct superexchange mechanism between C439 and Y731 and are consistent with a PCET model for radical transport in which there is a unidirectional transport of the electron and proton transport among residues of alpha2.
Protein synthesis but not DNA synthesis is required for tumor cell invasion in vitro. (1984)

The effects of protein and DNA synthesis inhibitors on in vitro tumor cell invasion was studied in a quantitative invasion system using human amnion. Highly invasive M5076 tumor cells were incubated on the basement membrane (BM) of the amnion in the presence of cycloheximide, aphidicolin or sodium butyrate. Tumor cell penetration through the entire thickness of the amnion was measured after 24 h. Protein synthesis in the M5076 cells was inhibited 95% within 1 h by 10(-6)M cycloheximide while DNA synthesis was unaffected. Treatment with cycloheximide reduced the number of spontaneously invading cells by 82% and by 66% in the presence of the chemoattractant, formylmethyl leucine-phenylalanine (FMLP), known to stimulate invasiveness. DNA synthesis in the M5076 tumor cells was selectively inhibited with aphidicolin (10 micrograms/ml). Although the DNA synthesis was greatly reduced, no significant effect on invasiveness with or without FMLP was observed. A less specific inhibitor of DNA synthesis, sodium butyrate (1 mM), arrested cell proliferation in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. When the butyrate-treated M5076 cells were tested in the invasion assay, a 50% increase in the number of invasive cells was observed. All three inhibitors were used in concentrations that did not affect cell viability or cell attachment to the amnion. These data indicate that protein synthesis but not DNA synthesis and not cell proliferation are required for tumor cells to invade native connective tissue barriers in vitro.
Enhanced chipless RFID tags for sensors design (2016)

Chipless technology is based on the modulation of the backscattered signal. The challenge in designing chipless RFID sensors is how to perform data encoding without the presence of a chip and adding the sensing capability. The aim of this work is to investigate chipless RFID design able to face these challenges.
Supplemental Figure Legends from Dual and Specific Inhibition of NAMPT and PAK4 By KPT-9274 Decreases Kidney Cancer Growth (2023)

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Two-Dimensional Correlation of Isotropic and Directional Diffusion Using NMR (2016)

Diffusion nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a powerful technique for studying porous media, but yields ambiguous results when the sample comprises multiple regions with different pore sizes, shapes, and orientations. Inspired by solid-state NMR techniques for correlating isotropic and anisotropic chemical shifts, we propose a diffusion NMR method to resolve said ambiguity. Numerical data inversion relies on sparse representation of the data in a basis of radial and axial diffusivities. Experiments are performed on a composite sample with a cell suspension and a liquid crystal.
Has Anyone Seen My Executive Function Recently? (2013)

been an accepted definition of "fair means." This will always be in the eye of the beholder. We would encourage one ethical principle: to tell the truth by disclosing the use of supplemental oxygen and other drugs in reporting ascents, just as one would admit to using bolts or fixed ropes.
Multiple bonds between main-group elements and transition metals. 67. Synthesis of novel half-sandwich rhenium(V) complexes of mono- and bidentate sulfur-containing ligands: x-ray crystal structure of the xanthate-S,S complex (.eta.5-C5Me5)ReCl3(S2CO-c-C6H11) (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMultiple bonds between main-group elements and transition metals. 67. Synthesis of novel half-sandwich rhenium(V) complexes of mono- and bidentate sulfur-containing ligands: x-ray crystal structure of the xanthate-S,S complex (.eta.5-C5Me5)ReCl3(S2CO-c-C6H11)Janos Takacs, Paul Kiprof, Georg Weichselbaumer, and Wolfgang A. HerrmannCite this: Organometallics 1989, 8, 10, 2394–2398Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00112a021https://doi.org/10.1021/om00112a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views74Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Contribution of Cardiovascular Hypersensitivity to Orthostatic Hypertension and the Extreme Dipper Phenomenon. (2000)

We report the case of a 68-yr-old woman who, upon standing, experienced dizziness in association with increased blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR). We made a diagnosis of orthostatic hypertension and examined the BP response to postural change using the head-up tilt test. Positional change resulted in a 20-mmHg increase in systolic BP and a 15-bpm increase in HR. A 24-h ambulatory BP recording showed daytime hypertension that decreased at night, along with a nocturnal decrease in HR. Based on these post-diagnostic results, the patient was rediagnosed as an extreme dipper with silent lacunar infarction as the only complication of orthostatic hypertension. We suggest that, in our patient, the mechanism of orthostatic hypertension was hypersensitivity of cardiovascular responsiveness to endogenous vasoconstrictors. This was evidenced by increased pressure sensitivity to isoproterenol as well as phenylephrine. We thus selected carvedilol, a beta-blocker with slight alpha-blocking action, and were more effective in abolishing the hypertension.
Multidrug Resistance (1991)

Laboratory investigations indicate that cancer cells can become simultaneously resistant to many different chemotherapeutic drugs that are natural products via the expression of an energy-dependent drug efflux pump. This multidrug transporter is a plasma membrane glycoprotein encoded in the human by the MDR1 gene. Recent clinical studies indicate that expression of the multidrug transporter plays a major role in the intrinsic and acquired resistance to chemotherapy of many human cancers. Strategies aimed at inactivating this drug efflux pump may have significant impact on the treatment of human cancer.
Development of a near infrared fluorescence catheter: operating characteristics and feasibility for atherosclerotic plaque detection (2005)

We present a one-dimensional optical fibre-based imaging catheter specifically developed for the atherosclerotic plaque detection of emerging novel near infrared fluorescence imaging agents. We show that femtomole amounts of fluorochromes can be detected, especially in the presence of a blood-free medium. We further studied the catheter responses for a wide range of laser powers and biologically relevant concentrations of fluorochrome. In vitro tissue-like phantoms and human carotid plaque specimen measurements further demonstrate the feasibility of atherosclerotic plaque detection.
Methods of sperm retrieval and banking in cancer patients (2009)

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Distributed H^∞-Based Power Control in a Dynamic Wireless Network Environment (2013)

In this letter, we develop a robust and decentralized power control strategy for a dynamic wireless network environment. All the transmitters and receivers are mobile and operate in the same frequency band creating interference. Consequently, we assume unpredictable probability distribution of SINRs and traffic arrivals. We model our problem as a stochastic control problem and use H <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</sup> control theory to develop a distributed power control algorithm that minimizes the queue backlog/delay. Our approach has a low computational complexity which makes it much suitable for practical implementation.
Influence of Prenatal Corticosteroids on Bacterial Colonization in the Newborn Rat (1993)

The interactions between bacteria and the host's intestinal barrier appear to be important regulators of bacterial colonization. In this study we investigated the effect of prenatal corticosteroids, known to accelerate the intestinal maturation of newborn rats, on bacterial colonization in the rat pup. Pregnant rats were treated with either cortisone acetate or normal saline on days 18–21 of gestation and were allowed to deliver spontaneously. The pups, after normal delivery, were sacrificed at different times during the first 10 days of life. The entire small intestine was removed, and each lumen was flushed to exclude nonadherent, transient organisms and homogenized. Tenfold dilutions were plated on horse-blood agar (total bacteria) and MacConkey's medium (gram-negatives). Quantitation and bacterial typification was determined after 24 h of incubation at 37°C. Total bacteria and gram-negatives found in association with the mucosa were significantly lower in pups prenatally treated with steroids. These changes were not related to any changes in motility or intraluminal digestion. This suggests that the developmental condition of the host's intestinal barrier may be an important regulator of the bacterial micro-environment of the newborn small intestinal mucosa
ChemInform Abstract: Michael Addition of Chiral Fischer Aminocarbene Complexes to Nitroolefins: Study on the Effect of the Michael Acceptor Structure on Diastereoselectivity. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
High Yields of Bio Oils from Hydrothermal Processing of Thin Black Liquor without the Use of Catalysts or Capping Agents (2018)

Black liquor (BL) from the kraft pulping process has been treated at elevated temperatures (380 °C) in a batch reactor to give high yields of a bio oil comprising monomeric phenolic compounds that were soluble in organic solvents and mineral oil and a water fraction with inorganic salts. The metal content in the product was <20 ppm after a simple extraction step. A correlation between concentration, temperature, and reaction time with respect to yield of desired product was found. At optimal reaction conditions (treating BL with 16 wt % dry substance at 380 °C for 20 min), the yield of extractable organics was around 80% of the original lignin with less than 7% of char. The product was analyzed by gel permeable chromatography, mass spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, elemental analysis, and inductively coupled plasma. It was found that a large fraction composed of mainly cresols, xylenols, and mesitols. This process provides a pathway to convert a major waste stream from a pulp mill into a refinery feed for fuel or chemical production, whereas at the same time the inorganic chemicals are recovered and can be returned back to the pulp mill.
Integral and local field emission analyses of nanodiamond coatings for power applications (1999)

Nanodiamond (ND) powder coatings are very promising for cold cathode applications. The suitability of a (di)electrophoretically deposited ND coating (crystallite size: 1–10 nm) for high current applications was analyzed depending on three types of Si substrates (flat, rough, Si tip array). Nondestructive direct current field emission (FE) investigations were performed by means of a field emission scanning microscope. FE properties like the electrical onset field strength Eon (at 0.5 nA), current I vs E behavior, maximum current carrying ability as well as the local distribution and uniformity of emitters were analyzed by using anodes of different apex diameters D. A decrease of Eon for D=10/100/1000 μm from 203/190/109 V/μm of the flat to 67/44/20 V/μm of the rough, and to ≈7/6.7/4.5 V/μm of the tip array sample is achieved by the geometrical field enhancement of the structures. The reproducible high-current density JREP&amp;gt;15 A/cm2 for D=10 μm of the flat and rough sample exhibits the large potential of the ND coating for power applications. Their nonuniformity due to the μm-roughness results, however, in a low JREP for large areas. In contrast, ND coated tips showed a good uniformity over mm2 size and a moderate JREP≈0.2 A/cm2, basing on about 40% of significantly emitting tips.