gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Membrane-Proximal Region of the Carboxyl Terminus of the Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor (GnRHR) Confers Differential Signal Transduction between Mammalian and Nonmammalian GnRHRs (2004)

Recently, we demonstrated that the mammalian type-I GnRH receptor (GnRHR) has a high preference for the phospholipase C/protein kinase C (PLC/PKC)-linked signaling pathway, whereas non-mammalian bullfrog (bf) GnRHRs couple to both adenylate cyclase/protein kinase A (AC/PKA)- and PLC/PKC-linked signaling pathways. In the pre-sent study, using AC/PKA-specific reporter (cAMP-responsive element-luciferase) and PLC/PKC-specific reporter (serum-responsive element-luciferase) systems, we attempted to identify the motif responsible for this difference. A deletion of the intracellular carboxyl-terminal tail (C tail) of bfGnRHR-1 remarkably decreased its ability to induce the AC/PKA-linked signaling pathway. Further dissection of the C tail indicated that an HFRK motif in the membrane-proximal sequence of bfGnRHR-1 C tail is a minimal requirement for the AC/PKA-linked signaling pathway as the addition of this motif to rat GnRHR or deletion of it from bfGnRHR-1 significantly affected the ability to induce the AC/PKA-linked signaling pathway. Deletion or addition of the HFRK motif, however, did not critically influence the PLC/PKC-linked signaling pathway. These results indicate that the HFRK motif in the membrane-proximal region confers the differential signal transduction pathways between mammalian and nonmammalian GnRHRs.
Data from Genetic Mechanisms of Immune Evasion in Colorectal Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;To understand the genetic drivers of immune recognition and evasion in colorectal cancer, we analyzed 1,211 colorectal cancer primary tumor samples, including 179 classified as microsatellite instability–high (MSI-high). This set includes The Cancer Genome Atlas colorectal cancer cohort of 592 samples, completed and analyzed here. MSI-high, a hypermutated, immunogenic subtype of colorectal cancer, had a high rate of significantly mutated genes in important immune-modulating pathways and in the antigen presentation machinery, including biallelic losses of &lt;i&gt;B2M&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;HLA&lt;/i&gt; genes due to copy-number alterations and copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity. WNT/β-catenin signaling genes were significantly mutated in all colorectal cancer subtypes, and activated WNT/β-catenin signaling was correlated with the absence of T-cell infiltration. This large-scale genomic analysis of colorectal cancer demonstrates that MSI-high cases frequently undergo an immunoediting process that provides them with genetic events allowing immune escape despite high mutational load and frequent lymphocytic infiltration and, furthermore, that colorectal cancer tumors have genetic and methylation events associated with activated WNT signaling and T-cell exclusion.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Significance:&lt;/b&gt; This multi-omic analysis of 1,211 colorectal cancer primary tumors reveals that it should be possible to better monitor resistance in the 15% of cases that respond to immune blockade therapy and also to use WNT signaling inhibitors to reverse immune exclusion in the 85% of cases that currently do not. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Discov; 8(6); 730–49. ©2018 AACR.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 663&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
A Fluorescence Nanosensor for Cu2+ on Silica Particles. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
활성산소종 형성을 통한 협죽도 잎 에탄올 추출물의 Caki-1 인체 신세포암 Apoptosis 유발 (2011)

Nerium indicum, an India-Pakistan-originated shrub belonging to the oleander family, is reported to possess many pharmacological activities including stimulation of cardiac muscle, anti-diabetes,anti-angiogenesis and neuroprotection activities. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of apopt...
Spherical arrays for wireless channel characterization and emulation (2014)

Three types of spherical arrays for use in wireless communication research are presented. First, a spherical array of 32 monopoles with beam steering in arbitrary direction and with arbitrary polarization is described. Next, a spherical array with 16 quad-ridged open-flared horns is introduced, offering better wideband performance and easier beam steering. Finally, a multi-probe setup for over-the-air testing of multiple-input multiple-output mobile devices is presented, being essentially a spherical array with inward radiation.
ChemInform Abstract: Host‐Guest Complexation. Part 37. Synthesis and Binding Properties of a Transacylase Partial Mimic with Imidazole and Benzyl Alcohol in Place. (1986)

Abstract The multi‐step synthesis of the desired compound (XI) is performed as described in the scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Formal Enantioselective Michael Addition with Umpolung of Reactivity. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Surface density of states on semi-infinite topological photonic and acoustic crystals (2021)

The iterative Green's function, based on a cyclic reduction of block-tridiagonal matrices, has been the ideal algorithm, through tight-binding models, to compute the surface density of states of semi-infinite topological electronic materials. In this paper, we apply this method to photonic and acoustic crystals, using finite-element discretizations and a generalized eigenvalue formulation, to calculate the local density of states on a single surface of semi-infinite lattices. Three-dimensional examples of gapless helicoidal surface states in Weyl and Dirac crystals are shown and the computational cost, convergence, and accuracy are analyzed.
Development of a Tandem Base-Catalyzed, Triphenylphosphine-Mediated Disulfide Reduction-Michael Addition (2008)

A tandem disulfide reduction-Michael addition was developed using both free and polymer-bound triphenylphosphine as the reducing agent. The procedure was applied to intermolecular systems for the synthesis of arylsulfanyl- and alkylsulfanyl-substituted propanoates and related ketones, and to an intramolecular system for the synthesis of a benzothiazepinone derivative.
Anti-CD19 CAR T cells with high-dose melphalan and autologous stem cell transplantation for refractory multiple myeloma (2018)

Novartis, NIH, Conquer Cancer Foundation.
Synthese von Glycopeptiden und Lipopeptiden durch chemoselektive Verknüpfung (1996)

Vollständig ungeschützte Peptide mit chemoselektiv zugänglichen Gruppen reagieren unter sehr milden Bedingungen mit freien reduzierenden Zuckern oder Lipidaldehyden. Damit ergibt sich ein einfacher Zugang zu komplexen Glycopeptiden wie 1 , einem Somatostatin‐Analogon, und Lipopeptiden. magnified image
Tunnel junction devices with monolithic optically pumped and electrically injected InGaN quantum wells for polarized white light emission (2016)

Summary form only given. We demonstrate polarized white light emission from a semipolar device in which a tunnel junction is used to monolithically integrate a blue electrically injected light-emitting diode (LED) and yellow-emitting InGaN quantum wells (QWs) that are optically pumped by the LED emission. Polarized white light has important applications, for example, in backlighting liquid crystal displays. The use of a tunnel junction allows the optically pumped QWs for long wavelength emission to be grown after the blue LED, which protects the high indium content InGaN layers from high temperature growth steps and thermal damage. The tunnel junction allows n-GaN above the tunnel junction to be used for current spreading across the LED area, and our molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) tunnel junction growth technique enables buried p-GaN. Optically pumping-rather than electrically injecting-offers several advantages for realizing long wavelength emission from InGaN QWs, and growth on (2021) enables optically polarized emission.
Synthesis of N-Diphenylphosphinoylimines Using the Kresze Reaction (2005)

[reaction: see text] The synthesis of N-diphenylphosphinoylimines involving the treatment of aldehydes with P,P-diphenyl N-sulfinylphosphoramidate (Ph2P(O)NSO) is described. The reagent is prepared from P,P-diphenylphosphinic amide, thionyl chloride, and imidazole.
DigiRight: Relevance to and Potential Impact on Europe’s Need to Strengthen the Science and Technology Excellence on DRM (2003)

In today&amp;apos;s fast changing digital environment where global communications transcend national boundaries, and where digital products are sold on international markets, the development of digital rights management (DRM) in order to protect digital assets is becoming an increasingly important global issue, and is emerging as a formidable new challenge since the different national laws, policies and practices must interoperate and be reconciled. To address these challenges, we have therefore proposed to establish a Network of Excellence for a Framework for Policy, Privacy, Security, Trust and Risk Management for DRM, DigiRight, that will consist of teams of experts on technology and development, business, law, ethics, and societal questions who will organize on-going and future high quality research on those areas of their respective disciplines that apply to DRM. This paper describes DigiRight’s relevance to and potential impact on Europe’s need to strengthen and reinforce science and technology excellence on DRM.
The University of California, Los Angeles/Jennifer Jones Simon Foundation symposium on prostate cancer and epithelial cell biology: bringing together basic scientists and clinicians in the fight against advanced prostate cancer. (1998)

Prostate cancer is the most common solid tumor in American men and is the second most common cause of cancer deaths. Although surgery and radiation therapy are effective for the treatment of organ-confined cancer, there is no effective treatment that is currently available for patients who have metastatic disease. Antiandrogen therapy is only palliative, and chemotherapy has largely been ineffective. However, recent advances in the understanding of the molecular biology of prostate cancer have lead to the development of new treatment strategies for metastatic cancer, including gene-based therapies, immunotherapies, and antiangiogenesis-based therapy. In association with the Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and the University of California, Los Angeles Department of Urology, the Jennifer Jones Simon Foundation assembled 30 of the world's experts in prostate cancer research to review the most recent advances in the study of prostate cancer, with the hope that the resulting discussions would facilitate the rapid translation of new discoveries from the laboratory bench to the clinic.
Design of weld joints for non-autogenous laser welding of thick sections (2000)

Lasers are known to offer substantial benefits when compared to conventional welding techniques such as gas-metal arc welding. Laser welding can produce deep penetration welds with a small heat affected zone at high speeds, resulting in improved material properties at the joint and reduced thermal distortion. However, the benefits of laser welding are often not realized until joint design modifications are considered. Laser welding, when viewed as an alternative welding method, generally must accommodate a joint designed for conventional welding processes. This work details development of parameters for a conventionally designed weld joint and investigates the benefit of joints specifically designed for laser welding.
Synthesis of Au, Ag, and Au–Ag Bimetallic Nanoparticles Using Pulicaria undulata Extract and Their Catalytic Activity for the Reduction of 4-Nitrophenol (2020)

Plant extract of <i>Pulicaria undulata</i> (L.) was used as both reducing agent and stabilizing ligand for the rapid and green synthesis of gold (Au), silver (Ag), and gold-silver (Au-Ag) bimetallic (phase segregated/alloy) nanoparticles (NPs). These nanoparticles with different morphologies were prepared in two hours by stirring corresponding metal precursors in the aqueous solution of the plant extracts at ambient temperature. To infer the role of concentration of plant extract on the composition and morphology of NPs, we designed two different sets of experiments, namely (i) low concentration (LC) and (ii) high concentration (HC) of plant extract. In the case of using low concentration of the plant extract, irregular shaped Au, Ag, or phase segregated Au-Ag bimetallic NPs were obtained, whereas the use of higher concentrations of the plant extract resulted in the formation of spherical Au, Ag, and Au-Ag alloy NPs. The as-prepared Au, Ag, and Au-Ag bimetallic NPs showed morphology and composition dependent catalytic activity for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NPh) to 4-aminophenol (4-APh) in the presence of NaBH<sub>4</sub>. The bimetallic Au-Ag alloy NPs showed the highest catalytic activity compared to all other NPs.
Coordination of BF4- to Oxovanadium(V) Complexes, Evidenced by the Redox Potential of Oxovanadium(IV/V) Couples in CH2Cl2 (2003)

The oxidation of oxovanadium(IV) complexes [LV(IV)O] (L = tetradentate Schiff-base ligands such as N,N'-ethylenebis(salicylideneaminate)(2-) (salen) and N,N'-2,2-dimethylpropylenebis(salicylideneaminate)(2-) (salpn)) to [LV(V)O](+), believed to be responsible for the voltammetric response near 0.6 V vs Ag/AgCl in CH(2)Cl(2) in the presence of tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate as a supporting electrolyte, is in fact coupled to a homogeneous process where [LVO](+) coordinates BF(4)(-) to form a neutral complex formulated as [LVOBF(4)]. The formation constants for [VO(salen)BF(4)] and [VO(salpn)BF(4)] are evaluated to be K(salen)(-)(1) = 1.1 x 10(2) M(-)(1) and K(salpn)(-)(1) = 1.4 x 10 M(-)(1), respectively. Crystal structure of [VO(salen)BF(4)] reveals that one of the fluorine atoms in BF(4)(-) is so close to the vanadium(V) atom as to be practically bound in the solid state.
Polysulfone Modified Thermoplastic Polyimide Segmented Copolymer Matrix Resin Systems (1990)

Several methods have been investigated which improve the processability of polyimide homo- or copolymer systems. In particular, the utilization of a solution imidiza tion technique in converting the poly(amic acid) intermediate to the fully cyclized polyimide has been successfully exploited. The solution imidization was conducted in N- methylpyrollidone (NMP) and an azeotroping agent, such as cyclohexylpyrollidone (CHP), at approximately 160°C for 24 hours. This technique has been shown to yield more soluble products than the corresponding bulk thermal imidization which is con ducted at higher temperatures of ∼300°C. Another important method of improving melt as well as solution processability involves the incorporation of a monofunctional reagent to obtain nonreactive end groups and controlled molecular weights. Structural modifica tion by copolymerization with more flexible oligomers such as poly(arylene ether)s may also enhance processability and possibly provide improved impact strength. In this paper, the effects of incorporating varying concentrations of poly(arylene ether) sulfone and ketone oligomers into the polyimide backbone are reported. The overall copolymer molecular weight was consistently controlled to —25,000 g/mole, with the use of small molar quantities of the monofunctional reagent phthalic anhydride. Very tough, trans parent films were obtained in all cases by compression molding copolymers at 340°C. Thermal analysis indicated that microphase separation is achievable in some cases as judged by the presence of two glass transition temperatures.
Regulation of hepcidin expression in HepG2 cells (2005)

Background & Aims: The hepatic peptide hepcidin is proposed to be a central regulator of iron homeostasis. Hepcidin acts as negative regulator of intestinal iron absorption and of iron release from macrophages. It also exhibits antimicrobial acvtivity as a type II acute-phase reactant. We have analysed the regulation of hepcidin expression in the human hepatoma cell line, HepG2 cells, by iron, deferoxamine (DFO), interleukin–6 (IL–6), lipopolysaccaride (LPS), and ethanol. Methods: Hepcidin mRNA expression was shown by RT-PCR experiments. Specific hepcidin antibodies were raised against N-terminal and C-terminal epitopes of the propeptide to study hepcidin expression by immunoblot analyses on the protein level. Results: Hepcidin was expressed in HepG2 cells. It was significantly upregulated by iron, IL–6 and LPS. A downregulation of hepcidin expression was observed by DFO and by ethanol in HepG2 cells transfected with alcohol dehydrogenase. Interestingly, IL–6 abolished the effect of ethanol metabolism on hepcidin expression. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the type II acute-phase peptide hepcidin provides a molecular link between inflammation, resulting anemia, and the regulation of iron metabolism. The downregulation of hepcidin by ethanol explains the hepatic iron overload as observed in alcoholic liver disease.
Status and prospects of the SNO+ experiment (2016)

The SNO+ experiment is located at the SNOLAB underground laboratory and will employ 780 tons of liquid scintillator loaded, in its initial phase, with 800 kg of 130Te (0.3% by mass) for a low-background and high-isotope-mass search for neutrino-less double beta decay. SNO+ reuses the acrylic vessel and PMT array of the SNO detector, but several experimental upgrades and adaptations were necessary to allow for the use of liquid scintillator. The SNO+ technique allows a staged approach, and extensive R&D is ongoing to increase the loadings and improve the purification of Tellurium. The very good conditions of background and low energy threshold allow SNO+ to also have other physics topics in its program, including geo- and reactor neutrinos, Supernova and solar neutrinos. This talk will describe the main advantages and challenges of the SNO+ approach for the double-beta decay program, the current status of the experiment and its sensitivity prospects.
Crystalline (2016)

This Glossary of Terms Related to Pharmaceutics is needed by practitioners in the field of pharmaceutics as this field fulfills an important and crucial role, different from the roles of other scientific disciplines involved in the drugmaking process. The glossary contains 168 definitions used in pharmaceutics. These are related to various aspects of this discipline, such as: (1) physicochemical characterization of pharmaceutical preparations and the active ingredients they contain; (2) unit operations used in the practice of pharmaceutics; (3) terms related to the various dosage forms; (4) terms related to the various modes and routes of drug delivery; (5) terms used in pharmacokinetics and biopharmaceutics in general; and additional miscellaneous terms. The field of pharmaceutics itself is of a multidisciplinary nature as its practitioners come from a variety of disciplines, such as chemistry or various biological sciences, thus a glossary containing authoritative definitions would be useful for them. The terms used in pharmaceutics are rarely covered by existing glossaries, and in the cases they are, their definitions are often inappropriate for the field of pharmaceutics and require new or modified definitions to better fit the new context.
Novel Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment System for Energy Generation at Forward Operating Bases (2016)

Abstract : Forward Operating Bases (FOBs) currently lack sustainable wastewater treatment options, creating operational inefficiency, personnel vulnerability, and environmental degradation. The objective of this research was to develop a sustainable wastewater treatment system for FOBs that converts wastewater contaminants, including organics and ammonia, into harvestable products for energy production. The system aims to combine sustainable materials with recent technological advances to treat wastewater with minimal material input and reduced disposal issues, while producing a net return on energy.The wastewater treatment system designed under this project will benefit the Department of Defense by reducing the costs, logistical burden, and risks associated with wastewater management at FOBs. Further development of the technology into a full-scale unit is expected to yield an efficient system for onsite treatment that is simple to operate and produces fuels for electrical and thermal energy generation. This positive-net-energy approach will support self-sufficient-FOB design goals. The integrated system would also reduce the logistical burden and risks associated with transporting waste and importing fuel, chemicals, and water. The proposed system will reduce the FOB environmental footprint and impact on indigenous populations, demonstrating innovative and effective environmental stewardship.
Application of Bi-State Magnetic Material to Automotive Offset-Coupled IPM Starter/Alternator Machine (2004)

This paper investigates a new approach to designing high-speed interior permanent-magnet (IPM) synchronous machines using a bi-state soft magnetic material. The bi-state material can have its normally high magnetic permeability permanently reduced in localized regions to that of air by means of heat treatment. This new work significantly expands a previous investigation by considering offset-coupled IPM machines that make it possible to significantly increase the rotor speed while retaining all of the other specifications of the 6-kW starter/alternator application. Lumped-parameter models, Monte Carlo optimization, and both electromagnetic and structural finite-element analysis are used to develop new offset-coupled IPM machine designs with the new material at speeds of 40 000 r/min or higher. Results from this work demonstrate that the bi-state material offers a promising approach for designing high-speed IPM machines that offer weight and volume advantages compared to their lower speed counterparts at comparable system cost.
TDDB and BTI reliabilities of high-k stacked gate dielectrics - Impact of initial traps in high-k layer - (2008)

Reliabilities of high-k stacked gate dielectrics are discussed from the viewpoint of the impact of initial traps in high-k layer. TDDB reliability can be explained by the Generated Subordinate Carrier Injection (GSCI) model. While initial traps increase the leakage current, they do not degrade the TDDB reliability. In contrast, the BTI reliability is strongly degraded by initial traps.
Diffusion curves (2013)

We describe a new vector-based primitive for creating smooth-shaded images, called the diffusion curve . A diffusion curve partitions the space through which it is drawn, defining different colors on either side. These colors may vary smoothly along the curve. In addition, the sharpness of the color transition from one side of the curve to the other can be controlled. Given a set of diffusion curves, the final image is constructed by solving a Poisson equation whose constraints are specified by the set of gradients across all diffusion curves. Like all vector-based primitives, diffusion curves conveniently support a variety of operations, including geometry-based editing, keyframe animation, and ready stylization. Moreover, their representation is compact and inherently resolution independent. We describe a GPU-based implementation for rendering images defined by a set of diffusion curves in real time. We then demonstrate an interactive drawing system for allowing artists to create artworks using diffusion curves, either by drawing the curves in a freehand style, or by tracing existing imagery. Furthermore, we describe a completely automatic conversion process for taking an image and turning it into a set of diffusion curves that closely approximate the original image content.