gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A distributed I/O architecture for HARTS (1990)

The issue of I/O device access in HARTS — a distributed real-time computer system under construction at the Real-Time Computing Laboratory (RTCL), The University of Michigan — is explicitly addressed. Several candidate solutions are introduced, explored, and evaluated according to cost and complexity, reliability, and performance: (1) “node-direct” distribution with the intra-node bus and a local I/O bus, (2) use of dedicated I/O nodes which are placed in the hexagonal mesh as regular applications nodes but which provide I/O services rather than computing services, and (3) use of a separate I/O network which has led to the proposal of an “interlaced” I/O network. The interlaced I/O network is intended to provide both high performance without burdening node processors with I/O overhead as well as a high degree of reliability. Both static and dynamic multi-ownership protocols are developed for managing I/O device access in this I/O network. The relative merits of the two protocols are explored and the performance and accessibility which each provide are simulated.
miR-34a: a new player in the regulation of T cell function by modulation of NF-κB signaling (2019)

NF-κB functions as modulator of T cell receptor-mediated signaling and transcriptional regulator of miR-34a. Our in silico analysis revealed that miR-34a impacts the NF-κB signalosome with miR-34a binding sites in 14 key members of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Functional analysis identified five target genes of miR-34a including PLCG1, CD3E, PIK3CB, TAB2, and NFΚBIA. Overexpression of miR-34a in CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells led to a significant decrease of NFΚBIA as the most downstream cytoplasmic NF-κB member, a reduced cell surface abundance of TCRA and CD3E, and to a reduction of T cell killing capacity. Inhibition of miR-34a caused an increase of NFΚBIA, TCRA, and CD3E. Notably, activation of CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells entrails a gradual increase of miR-34a. Our results lend further support to a model with miR-34a as a central NF-κB regulator in T cells.
Mass-Cytometry-Based Quantification of Global Histone Post-Translational Modifications at Single-Cell Resolution Across Peripheral Immune Cells in IBD (2022)

We describe the first systems-level quantification of histone modifications across immune cells from IBD patients at a single-cell resolution, revealing the increased epigenetic heterogeneity that is not possible with traditional ChIP-seq profiling. Our data open new directions in investigating the association between histone modifications and IBD pathology using other epigenomic tools.
Molecular structures of three hydroxyl derivatives of the hepatic carcinogen acetylaminofluorene. Evidence for a preferred orientation of the acetylamino side-chain (1981)

The molecular and crystal structures of three hydroxyl derivatives of 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF), have been determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis. The structures of l-hydroxyl-AAF, N-hydroxyl-AAF and 3-hydroxyl-AAF have shown that in general their geometries are similar, both in respect of bond distances and angles, and in respect of side-chain disposition. Possible reasons for the differences in biological activity between the three derivatives are discussed.
Blade Tip Leakage Flow and Heat Transfer with Pressure‐Side Winglet (2006)

A numerical study has been conducted to explore the effect of a pressure-side winglet on the flow and heat transfer over a blade tip. Calculations are performed for both a flat tip and a squealer tip. The winglet is in the form of a flat extension, and is shaped in the axial chord direction to have the maximum thickness at the chord location, where the pressure difference is the largest between the pressure and suction sides. For the flat tip, the pressure-side winglet exhibits a significant reduction in the leakage flow strength. The low heat transfer coefficient “sweet-spot” region is larger with the pressure-side winglet, and lower heat transfer coefficients are also observed along the pressure side of the blade. For the flat tip, the winglet reduces the heat transfer coefficient locally by as much as 30%, while the average heat transfer coefficient is reduced by about 7%. In the presence of a squealer, the role of the winglet decreases significantly, and a 5% reduction in the pressure loss coefficient is achieved with the winglet with virtually no reduction in the average heat transfer coefficient. On the other hand, the suction-side squealer with constant width winglet shows lower heat transfer (reduction of 5.5%) and pressure loss coefficient (reduction of 26%) than its baseline counterpart.
Enol Triflate Pyranoses, Versatile Reagents for the Formation of Conjugated Systems on Pyranoses (1994)

In two steps and 85% yield the enol triflate pyranose 1 was prepared. This compound has proved to be well suited for the synthesis of pyranoses with conjugated elements.
N:1 fast protection in NG-PON2 (2015)

This paper proposes a fast N:1 protection mechanism for NG-PON2 network. When failures occur the affected ONUs conduct wavelength tuning to realize fast service recovery. We analyzed data loss from protection using a Markov chain model. The numerical results show the fast protection scheme reduces the disconnection time, and ONU configurations of logic connections and service managements are fully reserved.
Real-time Determination of Driver's Handling Behavior (2015)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper proposes an approach to determine driver's driving behavior, style or habit during vehicle handling maneuvers and heavy traction and braking events in real-time. It utilizes intelligence inferred from driver's control inputs, vehicle dynamics states, measured signals, and variables processed inside existing control modules such as those of anti-lock braking, traction control, and electronic stability control systems. The algorithm developed for the proposed approach has been experimentally validated and shows the effectiveness in characterizing driver's handling behavior. Such driver behavior can be used for personalizing vehicle electronic controls, driver assistant and active safety systems, and the other vehicle control features.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Feasibility Study on Hainan Project - Case Study for Licon (Holdings) Limited (2010)

The idea of this project is to conduct a feasibility report for our client Lippo Group(HK). Lingshai, Hainan is located in South-west China, a small island with its tropical location advantage, it is one of the fastest growing economic city in China as well as the high level growing of tourist visited in recent years.&#13;\n&#13;\nThe Client proposes is to build a unique mixed use development in a landmark building in Lingshui area. The project focused on four main property markets: Residential; Serviced apartment; Hotel and Retail (Shopping malls including dining and retail facilities). This feasibility report will give client a complete understanding more about the project background and conditions as well as provide a repositioning analysis for the subject site, based on market feasibility studies.
Käyttöpääoman hallinta ja taloudellinen suorituskyky valmistavissa teollisuuden alan yrityksissä talouden laskusuhdanteen aikana (2016)

Tämän Pro gradu – tutkielman aiheena on tutkia kahden valmistavan teollisuudenalan käyttöpääomassa ja käyttöpääoman hallinnassa tapahtuneita muutoksia talouden laskusuhdanteen aikana vuosina 2007–2013. Käyttöpääoman kuuluvien varojen ja velkojen perusteella tutkimuksessa selvitetään, ovatko yritykset toteuttaneet aggressiivista, kohtalaista vai konservatiivista käyttöpääoman hallintastrategiaa ja kuinka käyttöpääoman hallinta on muuttunut laskusuhdanteen aikana. Käyttöpääoman hallinnassa tapahtuneita muutoksia verrataan toimialojen kannattavuudessa ja maksuvalmiudessa tapahtuneisiin muutoksiin.&#13;\n&#13;\nTutkimus on rajattu koskemaan metsä- ja metalliteollisuuden keskisuuria yrityksiä. Tutkimusaineisto kerättiin Voitto + -tietokannasta satunnaisotannalla. Yrityksien valintakriteerinä käytettiin 10 - 50 miljoonan euron vuosiliikevaihdon väliä, jonka tuli täyttyä yritysten osalta vuonna 2007. Tutkimusotokseen valittiin molemmilta toimialoilta yhteensä 31 yrityksen tilinpäätösaineistoja vuosilta 2007 –2013.&#13;\n&#13;\nTutkimuksen perusteella sekä metsä- että metalliteollisuuden yritysten käyttöpääoman on lisääntynyt laskusuhdanteen aikana. Käyttöpääoman hallinta on molemmilla toimialoilla muuttunut konservatiivisemmaksi, myyntisaamisten ja vaihto-omaisuuden lisääntymisen ja ostovelkojen vähenemisen seurauksena. Käyttöpääoman kasvu kuitenkin paransi toimialojen maksuvalmiutta. Toimialojen kannattavuus heikkeni laskusuhdanteen aikana, johtuen heikentyneestä liikevaihdosta. Metalliteollisuuden toimialalla käyttöpääomaprosentti kasvoi ajanjaksolla kannattavuuden heikentyessä, johon vaikutti liikevaihdon lasku ajanjaksolla. Metsäteollisuuden alalla käyttöpääomaprosentti seurasi kannattavuuden muutoksia, ja kääntyi viimeisinä vuosina laskuun liikevaihdon kasvun seurauksena.
Strain-induced confinement of carriers to quantum wires and dots within an InGaAs-InP quantum well (1989)

We describe a novel method of confining carriers by deliberately creating large inhomogeneous strain patterns in a quantum well. The strain modulates the band gap to provide lateral quantum confinement for excitons. Here, we generate strain confinement in an InGaAs quantum well by reactive ion beam assisted etching through an overlying compressed pseudomorphic quaternary layer using etch masks patterned by electron beam lithography. Photoluminescence spectra of arrays of wires and dots show red-shifted band gaps in direct evidence of lateral confinement. We compare our results to finite element calculations of the inhomogeneous strain in an InP substrate from a compressed overlayer patterned into rectangular wires.
[Comparative studies in man on the percutaneous absorption of diflucortolone valerate, betamethasone-17-valerate, beclomethasone dipropionate and fluocinolone acetonide]. (1976)

Percutaneous absorption of 6alpha,9-difluor-11beta-hydroxy-16alpha-methyl-21-valeryloxy-1,4-pregnadience-3,20-dione (diflucortolone valerate, DFV, Nerisona), betamethasone 17-valerate (BV), beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) and fluocinolone acetonide (FA) by damaged skin was examined on the backs of 4 healthy males from whom the stratum corneum had been removed by "stripping". The determination of percutaneous absorption was performed on the one hand by a method employing radioactive labelled compounds (DFV, BV) and measuring the elimination with the urine and faeces and on the other hand by photometric determination (DFV, BV, BD, fa) of the corticoid remaining on the skin immediately following application and at the end of a 24-h period of exposure. Direct measurement of the radioactivity in the urine and faeces revealed that percutaneous absorption from a new W/O emulsion takes place up to 2.2+/-0.8% in the case of DFV (0.1%) and to at least 12.2+/-3.3% in the case of BV (0.12%) within 24 h. The determination of percutaneous absorption via recovery from the skin produced the following results for the 4 corticoid preparations examined: DFV (14.8+/-4.2%) and BDP (14.0+/-4.3%) approximately equal, BV (23.5+/-4.1%) a marked increase and FA (39.2+/-2.4%) the highest level of absorption. This order for percutaneous absorption appears to correlate to the frequency of systemic side effects.
Acetabular Cup Malalignment After Total Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty: A Case for Elective Revision? (2009)

This article describes the clinical course of a patient with a resurfacing implant in a poor cup position in combination with elevated serum metal ions prior to implant failure. Following resurfacing, the patient had substantial improvement from baseline in pain and functional status. Postoperative radiographs indicated the acetabular cup in an abducted and excessively anteverted position. The acetabular component ultimately failed after 4.5 years and a traditional total hip arthroplasty revision was performed. Serum cobalt (Co) and chromium (Cr) concentrations had been collected postoperatively of the index procedure at 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, and pre- and postoperatively at the time of implant revision. Serum cobalt and chromium ion levels were progressively elevated to approximately 400 times more than the expected range at all time points prior to revision. Elective revision had been considered due to acetabular malalignment and elevated metal ion levels, but not performed since the patient was doing well clinically. A recent study has shown a correlation between increased cup inclination and increased serum cobalt or chromium levels and this patient's levels were >40 times greater than that typically observed with this device. Early revision should be strongly considered if component malpositioning is noted, and abnormally elevated ion concentrations should signal the need for revision regardless of the patient's clinical status. The relationship of a malpositioned cup and uncharacteristically elevated metal ion levels is related to the metal-on-metal bearing coupling and likely applies to conventional metal-on-metal total hip prostheses as well.
Systems Analysis of the NCI-60 Cancer Cell Lines by Alignment of Protein Pathway Activation Modules with “-OMIC” Data Fields and Therapeutic Response Signatures (2013)

The NCI-60 cell line set is likely the most molecularly profiled set of human tumor cell lines in the world. However, a critical missing component of previous analyses has been the inability to place the massive amounts of "-omic" data in the context of functional protein signaling networks, which often contain many of the drug targets for new targeted therapeutics. We used reverse-phase protein array (RPPA) analysis to measure the activation/phosphorylation state of 135 proteins, with a total analysis of nearly 200 key protein isoforms involved in cell proliferation, survival, migration, adhesion, etc., in all 60 cell lines. We aggregated the signaling data into biochemical modules of interconnected kinase substrates for 6 key cancer signaling pathways: AKT, mTOR, EGF receptor (EGFR), insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), integrin, and apoptosis signaling. The net activation state of these protein network modules was correlated to available individual protein, phosphoprotein, mutational, metabolomic, miRNA, transcriptional, and drug sensitivity data. Pathway activation mapping identified reproducible and distinct signaling cohorts that transcended organ-type distinctions. Direct correlations with the protein network modules involved largely protein phosphorylation data but we also identified direct correlations of signaling networks with metabolites, miRNA, and DNA data. The integration of protein activation measurements into biochemically interconnected modules provided a novel means to align the functional protein architecture with multiple "-omic" data sets and therapeutic response correlations. This approach may provide a deeper understanding of how cellular biochemistry defines therapeutic response. Such "-omic" portraits could inform rational anticancer agent screenings and drive personalized therapeutic approaches.
The characteristics of ammonia-annealed polysilicon thin-film transistors with plasma hydrogenation (2005)

The NH/sub 3/-annealing and the H/sub 2/-plasma hydrogenation techniques were jointly used to improve the characteristics of polysilicon thin-film transistors (TFT's). It was found that the TFT's after applying the above treatments achieved better subthreshold swings, threshold , voltages, field effect mobilities, off currents, and reliability. It is believed that the improvement was due to the gate oxynitride formation and the better H/sub 2-plasma response on the TFT with the gate oxynitride.
Cumulus: a cloud-based data analysis framework for large-scale single-cell and single-nucleus RNA-seq (2019)

Abstract Massively parallel single-cell and single-nucleus RNA-seq (sc/snRNA-seq) have opened the way to systematic tissue atlases in health and disease, but as the scale of data generation is growing, so does the need for computational pipelines for scaled analysis. Here, we developed Cumulus, a cloud-based framework for analyzing large scale sc/snRNA-seq datasets. Cumulus combines the power of cloud computing with improvements in algorithm implementations to achieve high scalability, low cost, user-friendliness, and integrated support for a comprehensive set of features. We benchmark Cumulus on the Human Cell Atlas Census of Immune Cells dataset of bone marrow cells and show that it substantially improves efficiency over conventional frameworks, while maintaining or improving the quality of results, enabling large-scale studies.
The multidimensional multi-window nonrectangular discrete Gabor schemes (2002)

The multi-window Gabor (1946) type scheme is generalized to the multidimensional case with special emphasis on nonrectangular lattices. The formulations are presented by means of matrix operations, which incorporate periodicity and sampling matrix that sample the continuous signal over different grids, such as hexagonal grids. The proposed scheme is discussed in the context of oversampling. Algorithms are presented in the Zak transform domain.
Gallium nitride vertical power devices on foreign substrates: a review and outlook (2018)

Vertical gallium nitride (GaN) power devices have attracted increased attention due to their superior high-voltage and high-current capacity as well as easier thermal management than lateral GaN high electron mobility transistors. Vertical GaN devices are promising candidates for next-generation power electronics in electric vehicles, data centers, smart grids and renewable energy process. The use of low-cost foreign substrates such as silicon (Si) substrates, instead of the expensive free-standing GaN substrates, could greatly trim material cost and enable large-diameter wafer processing while maintaining high device performance. This review illustrates recent progress in material epitaxy, device design, device physics and processing technologies for the development of vertical GaN power devices on low-cost foreign substrates. Although the device technologies are still at the early stage of development, state-of-the-art vertical GaN-on-Si power diodes have already shown superior Baliga's figure of merit than commercial SiC and Si power devices at the voltage classes beyond 600 V. Furthermore, we unveil the design space of vertical GaN power devices on native and different foreign substrates, from the analysis of the impact of dislocation and defects on device performance. We conclude by identifying the application space, current challenges and exciting research opportunities in this very dynamic research field.
Copper-catalyzed silylation of cyclopropenes using (trifluoromethyl)trimethylsilane (2008)

A variety of cyclopropenes undergo direct silylation using (trifluoromethyl)trimethylsilane in the presence of a copper-bisphosphine catalyst; under these conditions, cyclopropenes that might otherwise undergo ring-opening are silylated efficiently.
Identification of phage antibodies toward the Werner protein by selection on Western blots (2000)

A procedure was established for selecting phage antibodies (phage-abs) from phage-displayed antibody repertoires by panning against proteins, separated by sodium dodecyl phosphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and electroblotted onto nitrocellulose membranes (Western blots). This immobilization strategy is applicable for secondary rounds of panning in selections against semipurified proteins, and directs the selection toward antibodies suitable as immunochemical reagents in Western blots. In model experiments, enrichment factors as high as 1.9 × 105 were obtained in a single round of panning. Furthermore, we demonstrate the application of this approach by selection of phage-abs recognizing the human Werner protein, which is defective in a premature aging syndrome.
Hyperactivation of STAT3 Is Involved in Abnormal Differentiation of Dendritic Cells in Cancer (2004)

Abnormal differentiation of myeloid cells is one of the hallmarks of cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms of this process remain elusive. In this study, we investigated the effect of tumor-derived factors on Janus kinase (Jak)/STAT signaling in myeloid cells during their differentiation into dendritic cells. Tumor cell conditioned medium induced activation of Jak2 and STAT3, which was associated with an accumulation of immature myeloid cells. Jak2/STAT3 activity was localized primarily in these myeloid cells, which prevented the differentiation of immature myeloid cells into mature dendritic cells. This differentiation was restored after removal of tumor-derived factors. Inhibition of STAT3 abrogated the negative effects of these factors on myeloid cell differentiation, and overexpression of STAT3 reproduced the effects of tumor-derived factors. Thus, this is a first demonstration that tumor-derived factors may affect myeloid cell differentiation in cancer via constitutive activation of Jak2/STAT3.
Role of cardiac CTA in estimating left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction (2014)

Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is an important predictor of cardiac outcome and helps in making important diagnostic and therapeutic decisions such as the treatment of different types of congestive heart failure or implantation of devices like cardiac resynchronization therapy-defibrillator. LVEF can be measured by various techniques such as transthoracic echocardiography, contrast ventriculography, radionuclide techniques, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and cardiac computed tomographic angiography (CTA). The development of cardiac CTA using multi-detector row CT (MDCT) has seen a very rapid improvement in the technology for identifying coronary artery stenosis and coronary artery disease in the last decade. During the acquisition, processing and analysis of data to study coronary anatomy, MDCT provides a unique opportunity to measure left ventricular volumes and LVEF simultaneously with the same data set without the need for additional contrast or radiation exposure. The development of semi-automated and automated software to measure LVEF has now added uniformity, efficiency and reproducibility of practical value in clinical practice rather than just being a research tool. This article will address the feasibility, the accuracy and the limitations of MDCT in measuring LVEF.
Guest Editorial: LTE in Unlicensed Spectrum (2016)

The articles in this special section focus on the deployment of Long Term Evolution in unlicensed spectrum. These articles cover various design issues such as network architecture, protocol development, network coexistence, unlicensed spectrum access, and practical implementation. Fifth generation (5G) cellular networks will face a rigorous challenge in the ever increasing data rate requirement. To meet such anticipated data growth demand, the industry and academia have developed many cutting edge techniques to improve spectrum utilization. However, the scarcity of spectral resources is still a fundamental bottleneck for network capacity enhancement. Recently, the rich available bandwidth on the 5.8 GHz unlicensed national information infrastructure (U-NII) spectrum has stimulated substantial interest from cellular operators to use the unlicensed spectrum for LTE. In 2015, the LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) Forum formally launched the LTE-U specification, and the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has pushed the standardization of licensed assisted access (LAA)into its Releases 13 and 14. However, the LTE-U technology is still in its infancy, and there are lots of challenges that need to be solved, such as network coexistence among different radio access technologies, unlicensed spectrum sharing and access, and quality of service (QoS) provision on unlicensed spectrum. This Feature Topic aims to provide a comprehensive overview of this appealing technology, harmonizing recent results and key challenges, as well as highlighting future important directions.