gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Single-nucleus resolution mapping of the adult C. elegans and its application to elucidate inter- and trans-generational response to alcohol (2023)

Single-cell transcriptomic platforms provide an opportunity to map an organism's response to environmental cues with high resolution. Here, we applied single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) to establish the tissue and cell type-resolved transcriptome of the adult C. elegans and characterize the inter- and trans-generational transcriptional impact of ethanol. We profiled the transcriptome of 41,749 nuclei resolving into 31 clusters, representing a diverse array of adult cell types including syncytial tissues. Following exposure to human-relevant doses of alcohol, several germline, striated muscle, and neuronal clusters were identified as being the most transcriptionally impacted at the F1 and F3 generations. The effect on germline clusters was confirmed by phenotypic enrichment analysis as well as by functional validation, which revealed a remarkable inter- and trans-generational increase in germline apoptosis, aneuploidy, and embryonic lethality. Together, snRNA-seq represents a valuable approach for the detailed examination of an adult organism's response to environmental exposures.
ChemInform Abstract: FORMATION OF ((DIPHENYLPHOSPHINO)CYCLOPENTADIENYL)THALLIUM AND ITS UTILITY IN THE SYNTHESIS OF HETEROBIMETALLIC TITANIUM‐MANGANESE COMPLEXES: THE MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF (η5‐CYCLOPENTADIENYL)DICARBONYL((η5‐CYCLOPENTADIENYL)(η5‐(DIPHENYLP# HOSPHINO)CYCLOPENTADIENYL)DICHLOROTITANIUM‐P)MANGANESE (1983)

Abstract Das aus Chlorodiphenylphosphin und TI‐cyclopentadienid gebildete Phosphinocyclopentadien (I) reagiert in situ mit Tl‐ethoxid zu der Cyclopentadienyl‐Tl‐Verbindung (II).
Boric Acid Nanotubes, Nanotips, Nanorods, Microtubes, and Microtips (2003)

Thin films containing boron, carbon, and oxygen were synthesized by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PE-CVD). When the thin films were exposed to humid atmosphere, nano- or micro-scale boric acid structures were observed to grow spontaneously. Depending on the relative humidity, temperature, and exposure time to the humid atmosphere, these boric acid structures were either nanotubes, nanotips, nanorods, microtubes, or microtips. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies on the thin film surface suggested that the thin films contained B2O3, BCO2, and C−C clusters. The relative amounts of boron, carbon, and oxygen in the thin films were about 41.3, 14, and 43.9% respectively. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) results indicated that the elemental distribution of boron, carbon, and oxygen in the thin films was rather homogeneous. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to study the time evolution of these boric acid structures at 23 °C and 45 ± 3% relative humidity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of the structures showed that the boric acid tubes and tips had a hollow structure, whereas the boric acid rods were solid. The boric acid structures dehydrated into similarly shaped amorphous structures in a vacuum. In-situ X-ray diffraction studies in a vacuum showed that at 23 °C and 45 ± 3% relative humidity (at one atmosphere pressure), the dissociation rate law of the boric acid structures at 250 and 500 mTorr was [−ln(1 − α)]1/2 = kt; whereas at 1000 mTorr, the dissociation rate law was [−ln(1 − α)] = kt, where α, k, and t were the fraction of decomposed reactant, the reaction rate constant, and the time, respectively.
Epigenetic-Mediated Decline in Synaptic Plasticity During Aging (2012)

Cognitive decline observed in aging mammals is associated with decreased long-term synaptic plasticity, especially long-term potentiation (LTP). Recent work has uncovered a connection between LTP, histone acetylation, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/neurotrophin receptor B (trkB) signaling. LTP, histone acetylation, and BDNF/trkB signaling decrease in old animals, Because an apparent positive feedback loop links these processes, treatment with histone deacetylase inhibitors or a trkB agonist restores LTP in the hippocampus of old animals. These results coupled with exciting work on histone methylation and life span in Caneorhabditis elegans suggest that epigenetic changes may play a significant role in aging. Such dysfunctional epigenetic pathways may provide novel targets for cognitive enhancing therapeutics.
High-level address exploration for an error correction optical disk subsystem: improving design productivity (2002)

In most real-time multimedia systems, major design bottlenecks are related to memory organisation and management related issues. Usually, in order to meet design constraints at low cost, designers of the memory management units directly think about low-level (register-transfer level) implementation aspects of the architecture. However, this approach typically results into time-consuming global design iterations. In contrast, we propose a high-level design exploration methodology where design bottlenecks related especially to the address generation issues are exposed as early as possible in the design trajectory, hence reducing design time considerably. The effectiveness of our approach is illustrated on the memory processor of an optical disk error correction application, Using our approach, a substantial part of the design search space has been explored in a few man-weeks instead of the months of effort required by more conventional design flows. Furthermore, not only design time is dramatically improved but also implementation cost and system performance, hence resulting in a highly productive design flow.
The Hypertension Related Gene G-Protein Coupled Receptor Kinase 4 Contributes to Breast Cancer Proliferation (2021)

GRK4 acts as an independent proliferation promotor in breast cancer. Our results suggest that targeted inhibition of GRK4 could be a new therapy for both hypertension and breast cancer.
P-189 ATG16L1 Deficiency Leads to Mitochondria Defect and Increased Oxidative State in Mice and Human Macrophages (2016)

Genetic studies identified a polymorphism in the autophagy gene, ATG16L1T300A, to be associated with IBD. ATG16L1T300A has been found to impair the function of autophagy. Autophagy describes a biological process that involves trafficking and removal of damaged macro-molecules including removal of aged mitochondria. As mitochondria provide a significant cellular source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), we want to assess the mitochondria function and the cellular oxidative state in mouse and human macrophages with ATG16L1 deficiency. Bone marrow derived macrophages (BMM) were generated from Atg16l1flox and Atg16l1ΔLysM mice. Peripheral blood derived macrophages (PBM) were generated from healthy individuals who are homozygous with or without IBD risk polymorphism ATG16L1T300A and controlled for NOD2 genotype. Mitochondria morphology and number was assessed by transmission electron microscopy. Mitochondria membrane potential was assessed by MitoTracker Green. Mitochondria superoxide anion radical (O2-) production was detected by fluorescence of MitoSOX. Total cellular ROS production was measured by luminol. There were no morphological differences between mouse (Atg16l1flox and Atg16l1ΔLysM mice) and human (with or without ATG16L1T300A) macrophages as assessed by transmission electron microscopy. There were significantly increased macrophage numbers in mice (27 ± 12 versus 42 ± 16, P < 0.05) and human (43 ± 15 versus 60 ± 9, P < 0.05) with ATG16L1 deficiency. There were significantly fewer percentage of mitochondria with reduced inner mitochondrial membrane potential in Atg16l1ΔLysM mice (65.5 ± 8.9) and human homozygous for ATG16L1T300A (69.2 ± 7.3) as compared to macrophages with wildtype ATG16L1 (mouse [73.1 ± 8.8], human [75.8 ± 7.6]). Mitochondria specific as well as total cellular generation of ROS was significantly higher in macrophages with impaired ATG16L1 as compared to wildtype ATG16L1 in both mice and human. Our data show that Atg16l1 is important for mitochondria homeostasis. Impaired ATG16L1 function leads to increased mitochondria number and reduced membrane potential that leads to increased ROS production. Increased ROS production with impaired ATG16L1 function may be a potential mechanism for increased intestinal inflammation in mice and human.
Hybrid Term Indexing for Weighted Boolean and Vector Space Models (2001)

Retrieval effectiveness depends on how terms are extracted and indexed. For Chinese text (and others like Japanese and Korean), there are no space to delimit words. Indexing using hybrid terms (i.e. words and bigrams) were able to achieve the best precision amongst homogenous terms at a lower storage cost than indexing with bigrams. However, this was tested with conjunctive queries. Here, we extended the weighted Boolean models using fuzzy and p-norm measures, as well as the vector space model using the cosine measure, for processing hybrid terms. Our evaluation shows that all IR models using hybrid terms achieve better average precision over those using words. Across different recall values, the weighted Boolean model using fuzzy measures with hybrid terms achieve consistently about 8% higher than those using words. The vector space model using the cosine measures with hybrid terms achieved the best improvement in the average recall and precision.
Application-Induced Cell Reliability Variability-Aware Approximate Computing in TaOx-based ReRAM Data Center Storage for Machine Learning (2019)

This paper proposes Variability-Aware Approximate Computing (V-AC) for TaOx ReRAM storage at data centers. For the first time, this paper shows that application-induced variability degrades the performance. To solve this problem, V-AC utilizes error resilience of machine learning (ML) application and reduces bit-error rate (BER) of typical cells by removing extra data copy and enlarging BER difference among cells. By combining device measurement and system emulations, this paper realizes system, circuit and device codesign (SCDCD). V-AC is key enabling technology to push the limits of performance, power, chip size and scaling of ReRAM for ML. Performance, energy and cell area of ReRAM storage improves by 7.0 times, 90% and 8.5%, respectively.
Co-Saliency Detection Based on Hierarchical Segmentation (2013)

Co-saliency detection, an emerging and interesting issue in saliency detection, aims to discover the common salient objects in a set of images. This letter proposes a hierarchical segmentation based co-saliency model. On the basis of fine segmentation, regional histograms are used to measure regional similarities between region pairs in the image set, and regional contrasts within each image are exploited to evaluate the intra-saliency of each region. On the basis of coarse segmentation, an object prior for each region is measured based on the connectivity with image borders. Finally, the global similarity of each region is derived based on regional similarity measures, and then effectively integrated with intra-saliency map and object prior map to generate the co-saliency map for each image. Experimental results on two benchmark datasets demonstrate the better co-saliency detection performance of the proposed model compared to the state-of-the-art co-saliency models.
A controlled trial of HNSCC patient‐derived xenografts reveals broad efficacy of PI3Kα inhibition in controlling tumor growth (2018)

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) frequently harbor alterations in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling axis, particularly in the PIK3CA gene. PI3K-targeted agents have therefore gained considerable preclinical and clinical interest as emerging therapies for HNSCC. Identification of predictive biomarkers of response would advance the clinical application of PI3K-targeted drugs for patients, in order to achieve maximal benefit. To date, studies of drug biomarkers have largely focused on screening cell lines, with much more limited in vivo testing, usually only as validation. This approach has rarely enabled accurate predictions of clinical efficacy. Recently, clinical trials of PDX models (PDX clinical trials) have been introduced as a preclinical approach to interrogate interpatient response heterogeneity. Already, PDX clinical trial responses have been demonstrated to correlate closely with patient outcomes. Here, using both an HNSCC specific, 28-cell line panel and a PDX clinical trial of 80 xenografts derived from 20 unique HNSCC tumors, we systematically examine patterns of response to PI3K inhibition in HNSCC. We find EGFR, AKT1 and CSMD1 copy number aberrations, but not PIK3CA mutations, to be associated with responsiveness to PI3K-targeted drugs. Further, we reveal PI3Kα inhibition to be almost globally tumoristatic in HNSCC xenografts regardless of PIK3CA mutational status, emphasizing its potential as a stabilizing neoadjuvant therapy for HNSCC patients.
Developing Leaders: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (2022)

Abstract This chapter forms the introduction to the book and offers an overview on the main aspects of leadership development that require explanation and further consideration. The current poor state of much development is considered and evidence provided of the deficiency in our understanding of organisations and how they function in actuality. The misunderstandings about how people behave and how they really manage or lead are explored. One of the most important of these is the assumption of transferability, not just between national and regional cultures but within societal cultures, sectors, industries and organisations. This assumption applies equally to learning interventions which can have contradictory forms by being based on criteria external to the company and the individual leaders within it. The dominance of university business schools is also questioned. The introduction concludes with an overview of the two-part format of the book and provides a pen picture of each chapter.
CCDC 1866567: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination (2010)

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Angiopoietin-2 Functions as a Tie2 Agonist in Tumor Models, Where It Limits the Effects of VEGF Inhibition (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 165K, Images of whole tumor sections demonstrating the dramatic effect of REGN910 + ZALTRAP� combination treatment on tumor cell death&lt;/p&gt;
DRX With Quick Sleeping: A Novel Mechanism for Energy-Efficient IoT Using LTE/LTE-A (2016)

The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has recognized machine-type communications (MTCs) as a vital medium to drive the Internet of Things (IoT). One of the key challenges in MTC is to reduce the energy consumption of the MTC user equipment (UE). Currently, the 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE)/LTE-advanced (LTE-A) standards incorporate discontinuous reception (DRX) mechanism for this purpose. In this paper, we propose a modified DRX mechanism incorporating the quick sleeping indication (QSI) as a novel, simple, and energy-efficient solution for low-complexity, low-mobility MTC UEs. We demonstrate our QSI transmission mechanisms using the broadcast and synchronization channels of LTE/LTE-A for MTC UEs in normal coverage and using the data channel for MTC UEs operating in “coverage enhancement” (CE) mode. For MTC UEs in normal coverage, our simulation results and analysis show that our DRX with QSI mechanisms result in 45% improvement in the energy efficiency and 66% reduction in the computational complexity at the UE receiver, when compared to the current DRX mechanism. For MTC UEs with CE, the energy and computational efficiency increase to 63% and 68%, respectively.
Functional and morphological imaging of the human tympanic membrane with endoscopic optical coherence tomography (2017)

Abstract In this ex vivo feasibility study, endoscopic structural and functional optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging with a field of view of 8 mm is presented allowing the inspection of nearly the entire tympanic membrane through the ear canal. The endoscope utilizes a gradient index optics for simultaneous OCT and video endoscopy. Additionally, Doppler-OCT allows the measurement of the tympanic membrane oscillation. Due to the fast image acquisition, only minor motion artifacts have been observed, which don’t affect the image quality. In conclusion, endoscopic OCT is considered as a promising tool for the comprehensive examination of the human middle ear.
High-Q parallel plate resonator for V-band in MCM-D technology (2012)

This paper presents a high-Q parallel plate resonator for V-band in MCM-D technology. The resonator is defined by two cylindrical parallel plates sandwiching a stack composed of benzo-cyclobutene (BCB) and high resistivity silicon (HR-Si). The TM010 mode of resonance is excited by a patch feed. This is a low technological complexity implementation offering a high-Q resonator alternative, at V-band for e.g. oscillator’s reference. Planar passive components offer limited performance at mm-wave in terms of unloaded quality factor (Qo), which is limited to 30 below 10 GHz and is decreasing with an increasing operating frequency [1]. However, very good performance characterizes cavity resonators, the latest require advanced micromachining technologies for manufacturing at V-band, e.g. micromachined metalized cavities or substrate integrated vias. Alternatively, as proposed in this paper, parallel plate resonators represent instead a low technological complexity implementation. The parallel plate resonators are realized in IMEC’s MCM-D, a cross section of which is shown in Fig. 1a [2]. The MCM-D is composed of three metallizations realized by successive sputtering on benzo-cyclobutene (BCB), ( = 2.65, tan = 0.008). The first layer, 1 μm Al is sputtered directly on top of the high resistivity silicon (HR-Si), ( = 11.9, tan = 0.0026) and is covered by 4.4 μm BCB. The second layer, 5 μm Cu is covered by 8.5 μm BCB. The third layer is an electroplated stack of 10 μm Cu/Ni/Au. The stack of BCB and HR-Si results in a composite relative permittivity ( which is evaluated using (1). Assuming a magnetic wall at the edges of the resonator, the resonance frequency is given by (2), following [3].
Measurement of mechanomyogram (2014)

We have proposed an approach for measuring mechanomyogram (MMG) by taking advantage of the acoustic impedance matching between liquid and human skin. Using liquid, we could convey the pressure signal of MMG to a piezo-resistive cantilever efficiently. In experiments, the sensor was placed on the skin surface over biceps brachii (a large muscle that is located in the upperarm). The MMG signal, of which the frequency was in range of 10-15 Hz, was able to be detected using silicone oil as the propagating medium. On the other hand, there was no response in the case of using air as the medium. Experimental results also indicated that the proposed sensor was able to detect the vascular oscillations.
Modeling Cumulative Arm Fatigue in Mid-Air Interaction based on Perceived Exertion and Kinetics of Arm Motion (2017)

Quantifying cumulative arm muscle fatigue is a critical factor in understanding, evaluating, and optimizing user experience during prolonged mid-air interaction. A reasonably accurate estimation of fatigue requires an estimate of an individual's strength. However, there is no easy-to-access method to measure individual strength to accommodate inter-individual differences. Furthermore, fatigue is influenced by both psychological and physiological factors, but no current HCI model provides good estimates of cumulative subjective fatigue. We present a new, simple method to estimate the maximum shoulder torque through a mid-air pointing task, which agrees with direct strength measurements. We then introduce a cumulative fatigue model informed by subjective and biomechanical measures. We evaluate the performance of the model in estimating cumulative subjective fatigue in mid-air interaction by performing multiple cross-validations and a comparison with an existing fatigue metric. Finally, we discuss the potential of our approach for real-time evaluation of subjective fatigue as well as future challenges.
COOL (TRPM8) AND HOT (TRPV1) RECEPTORS IN THE BLADDER AND MALE GENITAL TRACT (2004)

These results demonstrate that mRNA and protein for TRPM8 exist in multiple genitourinary organs in the rat and human, and it may be considered a possible new target, as is TRPV1, for the pharmacological treatment of detrusor overactivity or other urological disorders.
Nanostructured multilayer graded-index antireflection coating for Si solar cells with broadband and omnidirectional characteristics (2008)

Design, fabrication, and characterization of a broadband, omnidirectional, graded-index antireflection (AR) coating made using nanostructured low-refractive-index (n=1.05–1.40) silica deposited by oblique-angle deposition are reported. Averaged over wavelength range from 400 to 1100 nm and 0°–90° angle of incidence, polished Si reflects ∼37% of incident radiation. The reflection losses are reduced to only 5.9% by applying a three-layer graded-index AR coating to Si. Our experimental results are in excellent agreement with theoretical calculations. The AR coatings reported here can be optimized for photovoltaic cells made of any type of material.
Modelling of Soft-Starters for Wind Turbine Applications (2003)

Gurrently, the directly connected squirrelcage induction generator is the most widely used in wind turbine applications. They are normally equipped with a soft-starter in order to avoid inrush currents. A new method, which uses switching functions to simulate different connection types for soft-starter-fed induction generators, is presented in this paper. An ABC/abc model of the induction machine including the deep-bar effect is also shown. Based on the proposed method some simulation results during the grid connection of a large induction machine in wind turbine applications are finally shown and demonstrates the new tools. (au)
Iterative Methods for Cancellation of Intercarrier Interference in OFDM Systems (2007)

We consider orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing systems with intercarrier interference (ICI) due to insufficient cyclic prefix and/or temporal variations. Intersymbol interference (ISI) and ICI lead to an error floor in conventional receivers. We suggest two techniques for the equalization of ICI. The first, called "operator-perturbation technique" is an iterative technique for the inversion of a linear system of equations. Alternatively, we show that serial or parallel interference cancellation can be used to drastically reduce the error floor. Simulations show that, depending on the SNR and the origin of the ICI, one of the schemes performs best. In all cases, our schemes lead to a drastic reduction of the bit error rate.