gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Fast and Robust State Estimator Based on Exponential Function for Power Systems (2022)

In realistic power system state estimation, the distribution of measurement noise is usually assumed to be Gaussian while many researcher have verified that it can be non-Gaussian. In this paper, a new robust state estimator based on exponential absolute value function is proposed to address the non-Gaussian measurement noise and outliers. The influence function, a robust statistics tool, is used to obtain the state estimates to reduce its computational burden. A state estimation mean squared error formula of the proposed robust estimator is derived which can be used as a reference in the wide area monitoring system design or upgrade. Simulation results obtained from the IEEE 30-bus, 118-bus and 300-bus systems verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed robust estimator.
Localization of tumor suppressor loci on chromosome 9 in primary human renal cell carcinomas. (1995)

To investigate the potential loss of tumor suppressor gene loci on chromosome 9 in human renal cell tumorigenesis we analyzed 42 paired normal and tumor DNAs with 18 polymorphic microsatellite markers spanning this chromosome. Fourteen of 42 (33%) tumors showed partial or complete deletion of chromosome 9. Deletion mapping provided evidence for the presence of a suppressor locus on both the short and long arm of chromosome 9. Homozygous deletion at 9p21-22 in one renal tumor and a selective deletion of distal 9q in another tumor localized the critical regions. The CDKN2/p16 gene was further investigated as a candidate suppressor locus on 9p21-22 by multiplex PCR, Southern analysis, and exon sequencing. We found no additional cases of homozygous deletion nor any rearrangements or point mutations of CDKN2/p16. This is the first report of 9p loss of heterozygosity, homozygous deletion of 9p21-22 and selective deletion of 9q in primary renal cell carcinomas. Understanding the molecular genetic basis of renal cell progression will require the isolation and characterization of additional tumor suppressor genes on chromosome 9.
Adherence and resource use among patients treated with biologic drugs: findings from BEETLE study (2014)

Patients treated with infliximab were associated with higher adherence and persistence in treatment and lower costs, as compared to those treated with adalimumab or etanercept.
GrabCut: Interactive Foreground Extraction Using Iterated Graph Cuts (2023)

The problem of efficient, interactive foreground/background segmentation in still images is of great practical importance in image editing. Classical image segmentation tools use either texture (colour) information, e.g. Magic Wand, or edge (contrast) information, e.g. Intelligent Scissors. Recently, an approach based on optimization by graph-cut has been developed which successfully combines both types of information. In this paper we extend the graph-cut approach in three respects. First, we have developed a more powerful, iterative version of the optimisation. Secondly, the power of the iterative algorithm is used to simplify substantially the user interaction needed for a given quality of result. Thirdly, a robust algorithm for ''border matting'' has been developed to estimate simultaneously the alpha-matte around an object boundary and the colours of foreground pixels. We show that for moderately difficult examples the proposed method outperforms competitive tools.
Small Object Detection and Tracking in Satellite Videos With Motion Informed-CNN and GM-PHD Filter (2022)

Small object tracking in low-resolution remote sensing images presents numerous challenges. Targets are relatively small compared to the field of view, do not present distinct features, and are often lost in cluttered environments. In this paper, we propose a track-by-detection approach to detect and track small moving targets by using a convolutional neural network and a Bayesian tracker. Our object detection consists of a two-step process based on motion and a patch-based convolutional neural network (CNN). The first stage performs a lightweight motion detection operator to obtain rough target locations. The second stage uses this information combined with a CNN to refine the detection results. In addition, we adopt an online track-by-detection approach by using the Probability Hypothesis Density (PHD) filter to convert detections into tracks. The PHD filter offers a robust multi-object Bayesian data-association framework that performs well in cluttered environments, keeps track of missed detections, and presents remarkable computational advantages over different Bayesian filters. We test our method across various cases of a challenging dataset: a low-resolution satellite video comprising numerous small moving objects. We demonstrate the proposed method outperforms competing approaches across different scenarios with both object detection and object tracking metrics.
Deglycosylated human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) antagonizes hCG stimulation of 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate accumulation through a noncompetitive interaction with recombinant human luteinizing hormone receptors. (1993)

In the rat, the antagonistic properties of deglycosylated (dg) gonadotropins in vitro are characterized by high affinity receptor binding but impaired ability to stimulate cAMP accumulation. In human, the functional role of N-linked sugars in human CG (hCG) action is unclear because of the unavailability of totally deglycosylated hCG and because of the difficulty involved in obtaining human gonadal tissues. We have recently prepared completely deglycosylated hCG using site-directed mutagenesis and expressed functional human LH (hLH) receptors using cloned complementary DNA. Since hLH receptor shows distinct ligand specificity from that of rat LH receptor, we examined binding kinetics and signal transduction of recombinant dg-hCG using recombinant hLH receptors. In embryonic human kidney cells (293) transfected with hLH receptor complementary DNA, 125I-hCG binding to its receptor was studied in the presence of varying amounts of unlabeled dg-hCG or wild type (WT)-hCG. Lineweaver-Burk analysis of the binding kinetics showed that the displacement of 125I-hCG by dg-hCG was noncompetitive whereas that seen for WT-hCG was competitive. The noncompetitive nature of dg-hCG binding was further confirmed using rat LH receptors present in testis membrane preparations. After preincubation of LH receptor-expressing 293 cells with WT-hCG, inclusion of 125I-hCG competitively displaced WT-hCG. In contrast, preincubation with dg-hCG prevented subsequent 125I-hCG binding to human LH receptor for at least 46 h. WT-hCG caused a dose-dependent increase in cAMP accumulation in the 293 cells with an ED50 of 10 ng/ml. However, dg-hCG was ineffective in inducing cAMP production with a maximal effect of only 12% of that stimulated by WT-hCG. In the presence of increasing doses of dg-hCG, stimulation of cAMP by WT-hCG was antagonized in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, forskolin stimulation of cAMP was not antagonized by dg-hCG, indicating receptor-mediation of dg-hCG action. Similar to binding studies, preincubation with dg-hCG also dose-dependently blocked the subsequent stimulatory effect of WT-hCG on cAMP production. Thus, the noncompetitive binding of dg-hCG to hLH receptors and its antagonism of hCG stimulation of cAMP accumulation suggest that dg-hCG is an irreversible receptor blocker with unique antagonistic properties.
Konservative Therapie multipler Leberabszesse bei Verschluss der Arteria hepatica nach Lebertransplantation (2011)

Hintergrund: Ein Verschluss der Arteria hepatica (HAT) nach Lebertransplantation (OLT) ist eine schwerwiegende Komplikation. Klinisch und therapeutisch wird zwischen einer frühen und einer späten HAT unterschieden. Eine in den ersten beiden Monaten nach OLT auftretende frühe HAT führt in den meisten Fällen zu einem akuten Leberversagen und kann letztendlich nur durch eine Retransplantation therapiert werden. Die späte HAT weist dagegen oft intrahepatische Abszesse mit begleitender Cholangitis auf, was in den meisten Fällen zu einer Leberteilresektion oder Retransplantation führt. Fallbericht: Dieser Fallbericht schildert eine Patientin mit multiplen Leberabszessen nach OLT aufgrund einer späten HAT, die erfolgreich konservativ durch Drainageneinlage und ein gezieltes antibiotisches Management therapiert und nach 3 Monaten symptomfrei entlassen werden konnte. Schlussfolgerung: Ein konservatives Vorgehen bei Leberabszessen nach später HAT kann daher sinnvoll sein und sollte individuell in Betracht gezogen werden.
Investigation of the Bacillus cereus phosphonoacetaldehyde hydrolase. Evidence for a Schiff base mechanism and sequence analysis of an active-site peptide containing the catalytic lysine residue (1988)

Reaction of Bacillus cereus phosphonoacetaldehyde hydrolase (phosphonatase) with phosphonoacetaldehyde or acetaldehyde in the presence of NaBH4 resulted in complete loss of enzymatic activity. Treatment of phosphonatase with NaBH4 in the absence of substrate or product had no effect on catalysis. Inactivation of phosphonatase with [3H]NaBH4 and phosphonoacetaldehyde, NaBH4 and [14C]acetaldehyde, or NaBH4 and [2-3H]phosphonoacetaldehyde produced in each instance radiolabeled enzyme. The nature of the covalent modification was investigated by digesting the radiolabeled enzyme preparations with trypsin and by separating the tryptic peptides with HPLC. Analysis of the peptide fractions revealed that incorporation of the 3H- or 14C-radiolabel into the protein was reasonably selective for an amino acid residue found in a peptide fragment observed in each of the three trypsin digests. Sequence analysis of the 3H-labeled peptide fragment isolated from the digest of the [2-3H]phosphonoacetaldehyde/NaBH4-treated enzyme identified N epsilon-ethyllysine as the radiolabeled amino acid. The ability of the phosphonatase competitive inhibitor (Ki = 230 +/- 20 microM) acetonylphosphonate to protect the enzyme from phosphonoacetaldehyde/NaBH4-induced inactivation suggested that the reactive lysine residue is located in the enzyme active site. Comparison of the relative effectiveness of phosphonoacetaldehyde and acetaldehyde as phosphonatase inactivators showed that the N-ethyllysine imine that is reduced by the NaBH4 is derived from the corresponding N-(phosphonoethyl) imine. On the basis of these findings, a catalytic mechanism for for phosphonatase is proposed in which phosphonoacetaldehyde is activated for P-C bond cleavage by formation of a Schiff base with an active-site lysine. Accordingly, an N-ethyllsysine enamine rather than the high-energy acetaldehyde enolate anion is displaced from the phosphorus.
Epac1 increases migration of endothelial cells and melanoma cells via FGF2‐mediated paracrine signaling (2014)

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) regulates endothelial and melanoma cell migration. The binding of FGF2 to its receptor requires N-sulfated heparan sulfate (HS) glycosamine. We have previously reported that Epac1, an exchange protein activated by cAMP, increases N-sulfation of HS in melanoma. Therefore, we examined whether Epac1 regulates FGF2-mediated cell-cell communication. Conditioned medium (CM) of melanoma cells with abundant expression of Epac1 increased migration of human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVEC) and melanoma cells with poor expression of Epac1. CM-induced increase in migration was inhibited by antagonizing FGF2, by the removal of HS and by the knockdown of Epac1. In addition, knockdown of Epac1 suppressed the binding of FGF2 to FGF receptor in HUVEC, and in vivo angiogenesis in melanoma. Furthermore, knockdown of Epac1 reduced N-sulfation of HS chains attached to perlecan, a major secreted type of HS proteoglycan that mediates the binding of FGF2 to FGF receptor. These data suggested that Epac1 in melanoma cells regulates melanoma progression via the HS-FGF2-mediated cell-cell communication.
Surface mesostructure change of B2-type FeAl single crystals by condensation of supersaturated thermal vacancies (2005)

Mesoporous surfaces are formed in B2-type FeAl single crystals by quenching into iced water, followed by surface treatments and an ageing heat treatment. The pore shape changes depending on surface orientation, because the surfaces of the mesopores are surrounded by {100} planes in the same way as mesopores observed inside rapidly solidified FeAl ribbons. The pore size seems to increase with increasing temperature of the ageing heat treatment. Two relaxation peaks were observed in DSC thermograms, and the activation energy is estimated to be approximately 1.84 eV for the peak in a higher temperature range. TEM observations suggest that the observed DSC peaks correspond to vacancy condensation and/or absorption by ⟨100⟩-type dislocations. The experimental results also strongly suggest that the mesopore formation near surfaces is caused by the condensation of quenched-in, supersaturated thermal vacancies.
AN ELECTRICAL MODEL FOR SIMULATING THE DYNAMICS OF A CANTILEVER BEAM (2005)

Cantilever beams can be used as transducers for chemical, physical and biological sensors. An example, the extra-mass on these devices, coming from desorption/absorption processes, can be detected by measuring the variation of the first resonance frequency. An accurate model of the dynamic behavior of the cantilever is highly desirable both in the design and calibration phases of such a device. Moreover, vibrations along higher-order eigenfrequencies represent disturbances, so that damping vibration strategies are useful to increase the sensitivity of the measuring system. In this paper, a study of an appropriate model of the cantilever system has been conducted for an accurate prediction of its dynamics.
Association of Time-to-Intravenous Furosemide with Mortality in Acute Heart Failure: Data from REPORT-HF (2022)

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02595814.
Protein Toxin Chaperoned by LRP‐1‐Targeted Virus‐Mimicking Vesicles Induces High‐Efficiency Glioblastoma Therapy In Vivo (2018)

Glioblastoma is a most intractable and high-mortality malignancy because of its extremely low drug accessibility resulting from the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Here, it is reported that angiopep-2-directed and redox-responsive virus-mimicking polymersomes (ANG-PS) (angiopep-2 is a peptide targeting to low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1)) can efficiently and selectively chaperone saporin (SAP), a highly potent natural protein toxin, to orthotopic human glioblastoma xenografts in nude mice. Unlike chemotherapeutics, free SAP has a low cytotoxicity. SAP-loaded ANG-PS displays, however, a striking antitumor activity (half-maximal inhibitory concentration, IC<sub>50</sub> = 30.2 × 10<sup>-9</sup> m) toward U-87 MG human glioblastoma cells in vitro as well as high BBB transcytosis and glioblastoma accumulation in vivo. The systemic administration of SAP-loaded ANG-PS to U-87 MG orthotopic human-glioblastoma-bearing mice brings about little side effects, effective tumor inhibition, and significantly improved survival rate. The protein toxins chaperoned by LRP-1-targeted virus-mimicking vesicles emerge as a novel and highly promising treatment modality for glioblastoma.
Single Precision Natural Logarithm Architecture for Hard Floating-Point and DSP-Enabled FPGAs (2016)

In this paper we will present a novel method for implementing floating point (FP) elementary functions using the new FP single precision addition and multiplication features of the Altera Arria~10 DSP Block architecture. Our application example will use log(x), one of the most commonly required functions for emerging datacenter and computing FPGA targets. We will explain why the combination of new FPGA technology, and at the same time, a massive increase in computing performance requirement, fuels the need for this work. We show a comprehensive error analysis, both for the overall function, and each subsection of the architecture, demonstrating that the hard FP (HFP) Blocks, in conjunction with the traditional flexibility and connectivity of the FPGA, can provide a robust and high performance solution. These methods create a highly accurate single precision IEEE754 function, which is OpenCL conformant. Our methods map directly to almost exclusively embedded structures, and therefore result in significant reduction in logic resources and routing stress compared to current methods, and demonstrate that newly introduced FPGA routing architectures can be leveraged to use almost no soft resources. We also show that the latency of the log(x) function can be changed independently of the architecture and function, allowing the performance of the function to be adjusted directly to the system clock rate.
Vitreous microparticles contain apoptotic signals suggesting a diabetic vitreopathy (2021)

Increased expression of the apoptotic marker, Annexin-V is detected on vitreous microparticles in diabetes-related vitreous hemorrhage. When evaluating vitreous hemorrhage in patients without diabetes, the apoptotic signal is not significantly different. Vitrectomy in patients with diabetes, and improvement in visual outcomes, may be related to the removal of a serum-derived, pro-apoptotic vitreous. Further investigation is warranted in order to identify the molecular characteristics of microparticles that regulate disease.
Optimization of High Speed Centrifugal Compressor for a Micro Gas Turbine Based on CFD and FEM Analysis (2010)

The centrifugal compressor impeller plays a significant role in the micro gas turbine. Its aerodynamic performance and structural reliability has great impact on the gas turbine system. Its aerodynamic performance and structural reliability are determined by blade design parameters and impeller back face design parameters. This paper presents a process of optimizing a centrifugal compressor impeller during the development of 100kW class micro gas turbine. Predicted by a 3D Navier-Stokes solver the aerodynamic performance is mainly affected by meridian contour and blade angle β distribution. The stress is calculated by means of a finite element analysis method and controlled by blade angle β distribution and thickness distribution at the hub. The requirement of high efficiency is met by using genetic algorithm and artificial neural network. Then the impeller back face profile is parameterized and optimized to decrease the stress of the impeller. The isentropic efficiency of the compressor is increased by 1% and the blade stress is reduced by 10% as compared with the original design. The results show that it is possible to reduce the centrifugal stress in the impeller without penalizing the aerodynamic performance through the optimization method.
Synthesis of nano-SSZ-13 and its application in the reaction of methanol to olefins (2016)

Nanosized zeolite SSZ-13 (Vmeso 0, 45 cm<sup>3</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>) synthesized in the presence of a surfactant greatly increases the lifetime of conventional zeolite for methanol conversion.
Hydrogen Selectivity of a Proton-Pumping Gate FET Hydrogen Sensor in an AC Modulation Mode (2009)

The response characteristics of a proton pumping gate FET (PPG-FET) with a triple layer gate structure (Pd/proton conducting polymer/Pt) to various gases were investigated. Two kinds of hydrogen response signals (DC and AC) were obtained from the PPG-FET when the AC bias voltage was applied between the gate electrodes of the PPG-FET. The DC signals showed high hydrogen sensitivities and the sensitivities were about -30 mV/decade. Additionally, the AC signal decreased by 10 mV with increase in the hydrogen concentration from 100 ppm to 10%. Whereas the DC signals decreased slightly with increasing oxygen concentration, the oxygen response was much smaller than the DC hydrogen sensitivities. In contrast, the AC signal hardly responded to oxygen. This is because a proton conducting polymer layer prevents the movement of oxygen ions. Additionally, the proton pumping gate FET showed good selectivity against other gases (methane, ethane, ammonia, and methanol). These results clarify the high hydrogen sensitivity of the PPG-FET in an AC modulation mode.
Effective application of speech audiometric parameters: Analysis of the recent publication quality (2018)

Pure-tone audiometry represents the standard measuring instrument to evaluate hearing benefit after interventions. However, speech audiometric data are essential parameters to assess patients' speech reception. In view of the large number of national and international speech audiometric test systems, the AAO-HNS 2012 guidelines (Gurgel 2012) attempt to provide an international standard protocol including a word recognition score at 40dB sensation level or maximum comfortable loudness.
Effect of modeling approach on climate change focused life cycle assessments for a contemporary smartphone device (2014)

Life cycle assessments (LCA) of consumer electronics and beyond are usually performed and reported very differently. As a result it is often difficult to assess the robustness, variability and transparency of reported LCA case studies. The value of LCA for policy makers is in doubt if the present situation cannot be clarified and improved. As a part of the solution here for the first time state-of-the art LCAs for the same smartphone model are presented by two different organizations (Orange, OGE and Huawei, HuW) and the effect of different modeling approach is scrutinized. The system boundary, the studied product system and the cut-off were agreed beforehand. Still a difference of around 32% (29.6 kg and 39.2 kg) for CO2e baseline scores was found using same study object and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) standard (ETSI TS 103 199, ETSI LCA), but different metrics, emission intensities, and LCA tools (software programs). However, the CO2e difference was reduced to 12% (29.9kg and 33.5kg) when OGE used HuW metrics for use phase power consumption and total mass, and when HuW used OGE metrics for gold mass and silicon die area. The 1% difference for these OGE scores (29.9kg and 29.6kg) implies that product category rules (PCR) would lead to comparable external results for full LCAs of smartphones when same background LCI database is used. However, a probability test confirmed that the present baseline CC results for one specific study object modeled with two largely different and independent LCA modeling approaches are comparable if both use ETSI LCA. The general conclusion is that the ETSI LCA strongly facilitates comparable CC results for technically comparable smartphone models. Moreover, thanks to the reporting requirements of ETSI LCA, a clear understanding of the differences between LCA modeling approaches is obtained. The research also discusses the magnitude of the CO2e reduction potential in the life cycle of smartphones.
Bioengineered Temporomandibular Joint Disk Implants: Study Protocol for a Two-Phase Exploratory Randomized Preclinical Pilot Trial in 18 Black Merino Sheep (TEMPOJIMS) (2017)

The study has commenced, but it is too early to provide results or conclusions.
Bimetallic catalysts: Structure and reactivity (1994)

Abstract The effect of the support in constraining the formation and defining the structure of bimetallic particles has been considered. Alumina and NaY zeolite supported platinum and cobalt bimetallic catalysts are illustrated to rationalize this effect. The surface composition and dispersion of the bimetallic particles are further correlated with the catalytic activity of bimetallic catalysts in CO hydrogenation.