gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reaction Kinetics of Acetone Peroxide Formation and Structure Investigations Using Raman Spectroscopy and X-Ray Diffraction (2009)

Triacetone triperoxide (TATP) has been prepared in order to study the effect of pH and temperature on the reaction kinetics. Raman spectra of liquid mixtures of acetone and hydrogen peroxide were recorded versus time throughout the experiments. The spectral data of the liquid phases indicate that at 25 degrees C the reaction between acetone and hydrogen peroxide proceeds to form intermediates within one day. Based on the assumption that a likely reaction path involves a sequence of reaction steps between acetone and hydrogen peroxide, calculations of Raman spectra were performed using a density functional theory (DFT)/Hartree-Fock approach. It was not possible from this to assess with certainty which intermediate products formed most extensively in an acetone/hydrogen peroxide mixture. However, it was concluded that the most likely reaction mixture is a mixture of the different intermediate products and that the rate determining step is the ring closure. The reaction rate of TATP formation was found to increase with temperature and with sulfuric acid additions to the acetone/hydrogen peroxide mixture. By correlation of the induction time of TATP crystallization against pH it was shown that the reaction rate is first order with respect to the H+ concentration. Raman spectra of the precipitates from mixtures were in agreement with previous studies done for TATP, except in one case in which a crystal crystallized at 343 K had a distinctly different Raman spectrum. Comparison with calculated spectra revealed that the crystal produced could be diacetone diperoxide (DADP) or tetraacetone tetraperoxide (TrATrP). Single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that the crystal crystallized at 343 K was DADP.
When is an optimal transform coder orthonormal? (2007)

We consider optimum Transform coding. The objective is to minimize the distortion variance by selecting an op- timum transform matrix and bit allocation among the sub- band signals. Under an asymptotic expression for the quan- tizer distortion function it is known that the optimum trans- form can be chosen to be orthonormal and regardless of the precise allocated bit values. In this paper we have given suf- ficient conditions on the quantizer distortion function that ensure this property.
Sockpuppet Detection in Wikipedia: A Corpus of Real-World Deceptive\n Writing for Linking Identities (2013)

This paper describes the corpus of sockpuppet cases we gathered from\nWikipedia. A sockpuppet is an online user account created with a fake identity\nfor the purpose of covering abusive behavior and/or subverting the editing\nregulation process. We used a semi-automated method for crawling and curating a\ndataset of real sockpuppet investigation cases. To the best of our knowledge,\nthis is the first corpus available on real-world deceptive writing. We describe\nthe process for crawling the data and some preliminary results that can be used\nas baseline for benchmarking research. The dataset will be released under a\nCreative Commons license from our project website: http://docsig.cis.uab.edu.\n
Cesium liquid metal ion source for secondary ion mass spectrometry (1994)

A Cs liquid metal ion source (LMIS) and focused ion beam system for microarea secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) have been developed. Because of the chemical activity, low surface tension, and high vapor pressure of Cs, few successful Cs LMISs have heretofore been reported, as opposed to the many successful applications of Ga in LMIS. A new Cs-LMIS design had to be developed to supply Cs to the emitter/reservoir under UHV to prevent oxidation, to prevent liquid Cs from dripping off the emitter substrate, and to minimize the surface area exposed so as to minimize thermal evaporation. The last consideration is very important since the evaporation rate of Cs is many orders of magnitude higher than, e.g., Ga at the melting point. A focused Cs beam was obtained with a newly designed SIMS system, which is about 0.1 μm beam size and a beam current density on the specimen of 0.8 A/cm2. An operating time of more than 600 h has been achieved at a total emission current of 1 μA without resupplying the source material at room temperature.
Purification and characterization of a nuclear factor which binds specifically to the upstream activation sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae enolase 1 gene (1989)

The nuclear factor which specifically binds to the upstream activation sequence (UAS) of the enolase 1 gene (ENO1) of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was purified by sequence-specific affinity chromatography. The purified factor gave two closely migrated bands at 32 kDa on SDS/PAGE. The binding activities were eluted from a gel filtration column at molecular masses of 110 kDa and 60 kDa, suggesting a dimeric and a tetrameric assembly of the factor in the native form. The region protected by the purified factor against deoxyribonuclease I digestion contained the sequence ACCCAAACACC which is highly similar to the consensus sequence present in the 5'-flanking region of the ribosomal protein genes (RPG box). We also identified the other factor specific to the ENO1 UAS which gave a single peak at a molecular mass of 120 kDa in gel filtration. We suggest the existence of multiple binding to the ENO1 UAS by at least two factors: one is the factor which we purified with a molecular mass of 32 kDa on SDS/PAGE and the other is the factor like RAP1 protein which generally recognizes the RPG-box-like sequence.
Optimal superconductivity inLa2−xSrxCuO4 (1999)

The temperature dependence of the resistivity $\ensuremath{\rho}(T)$ and the thermoelectric power $\ensuremath{\alpha}(T)$ have been measured under hydrostatic pressure on a single-crystal film of ${\mathrm{La}}_{1.85}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.15}{\mathrm{CuO}}_{4}$ deposited on a ${\mathrm{LaSrAlO}}_{4}$ substrate. The compressive biaxial stress built into the film raises ${T}_{c}$ at ambient pressure. ${T}_{c}$ increased with pressure $P&lt;3.3$ kbar, but saturated at a pressure-independent ${T}_{c}=43.7$ at pressures $P&gt;3.3$ kbar. A low-temperature enhancement of $\ensuremath{\alpha}(T)$ having a ${T}_{\mathrm{max}}\ensuremath{\approx}140$ K increased with ${T}_{c}.$ The data are discussed within the framework of a vibronic model of the superconductive phase.
Inhibition of Proliferation of LNCaP Prostate Cells by Corni Fructus Extract Is Associated with a Decrease in the Expression of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia-Causing Factors (2021)

(benign prostatic hyperplasia
Task-Based Quantization for Massive MIMO Channel Estimation (2019)

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems are the focus of increasing research attention. In such setups, there is an urgent need to utilize simple low-resolution quantizers, due to power and memory constraints. In this work we study massive MIMO channel estimation with quantized measurements, when the quantization system is designed to minimize the channel estimation error, as opposed to the quantization distortion. We first consider vector quantization, and characterize the minimal error achievable. Next, we focus on practical systems utilizing scalar uniform quantizers, and design the analog and digital processing as well as the quantization dynamic range to optimize the channel estimation accuracy. Our results demonstrate that the resulting massive MIMO system which utilizes low-resolution scalar quantizers can approach the minimal estimation error dictated by rate-distortion theory, achievable using vector quantizers.
Gas Condensate Pseudopressure in Layered Reservoirs (2008)

Abstract The paper presents verification of the Fevang-Whitson gas condensate pseudopressure method for layered reservoirs. Layers may be characterized by widely varying permeability and composition, and they may be communicating or non-communicating. The pseudopressure method is used in well calculations for coarse-grid models with relatively large areal grid dimensions (&amp;gt;50 m), capturing near-well condensate blockage without local grid refinement, thereby reducing runtime and model size. The paper presents examples from several field studies, and two synthetic systems using a commercial reservoir simulator. The field studies include rich and lean condensates reservoirs. The study was conducted using a commercial compositional reservoir simulator. 3D multi-layer, fine-grid (radial and cartesian) models and equivalent coarse grid models were used. Both depletion and gas injection cases were simulated for a wide range of reservoir fluids. Reservoir performance was compared between fine-grid models and coarse-grid models using the gas condensate pseudopressure method, showing comparable results in all cases studied, including relative permeabilities with capillary number dependence and high-velocity (P) flow treatment. The coarse-grid model with pseudopressure is somewhat dependent on coarse-grid size, generally requiring Δx=Δy ≈ 50–100 m for lean gas condensates, and Δx=Δy ≈ 100–200 m for rich gas condensates. The paper verifies for the first time that the gas condensate pseudopressure method as proposed by Fevang and Whitson is valid and accurate for layered systems with significant heterogeneity (permeability variation), with and without crossflow, with and without capillary number modification of relative permeabilities, and for widely-ranging fluid compositions in each layer.
Interplay of Staphylococcal and Host Proteases Promotes Skin Barrier Disruption in Netherton Syndrome (2020)

Netherton syndrome (NS) is a monogenic skin disease resulting from loss of function of lymphoepithelial Kazal-type-related protease inhibitor (LEKTI-1). In this study we examine if bacteria residing on the skin are influenced by the loss of LEKTI-1 and if interaction between this human gene and resident bacteria contributes to skin disease. Shotgun sequencing of the skin microbiome demonstrates that lesional skin of NS subjects is dominated by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis). Isolates of either species from NS subjects are able to induce skin inflammation and barrier damage on mice. These microbes promote skin inflammation in the setting of LEKTI-1 deficiency due to excess proteolytic activity promoted by S. aureus phenol-soluble modulin α as well as increased bacterial proteases staphopain A and B from S. aureus or EcpA from S. epidermidis. These findings demonstrate the critical need for maintaining homeostasis of host and microbial proteases to prevent a human skin disease.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Plasmacytoid dendritic cells sense skin injury and promote wound healing through type I interferons. (2011)

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are specialized type I interferon (IFN-/)-producing cells that express intracellular toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 and TLR9 and recognize viral nucleic acids in the context of infections. We show that pDCs also have the ability to sense hostderived nucleic acids released in common skin wounds. pDCs were found to rapidly infiltrate both murine and human skin wounds and to transiently produce type I IFNs via TLR7-and TLR9-dependent recognition of nucleic acids. This process was critical for the induction of early inflammatory responses and reepithelization of injured skin. Cathelicidin peptides, which facilitate immune recognition of released nucleic acids by promoting their access to intracellular TLR compartments, were rapidly induced in skin wounds and were sufficient but not necessary to stimulate pDC activation and type I IFN production. These data uncover a new role of pDCs in sensing tissue damage and promoting wound repair at skin surfaces.
In vivo drug distribution dynamics in thermoablated and normal rabbit livers from biodegradable polymers (2002)

Image-guided radiofrequency ablation combined with intratumoral drug delivery provides a novel and minimally invasive treatment of liver cancers. In this study, the in vivo transport properties of doxorubicin in thermoablated and nonablated rabbit livers were characterized and compared. Doxorubicin was released from polymer implants (millirods) to the ablated and nonablated liver tissue. At different time points, the 2D distribution profiles were quantitatively determined by a fluorescence imaging method. Analysis of the doxorubicin concentration at the ablation boundary showed that it reached a maximum of 49.8 microg/g at 24 h after implantation, which was higher than the reported cytotoxic concentration of doxorubicin (6.4 microg/g) for liver VX-2 cancer cells. This value dropped to 0.4 microg/g at 48 h after implantation due to the depletion of doxorubicin from the polymer millirod. Results also showed that the area of drug distribution was significantly larger in ablated tissue than nonablated tissue. The therapeutic penetration distance was found to be 5.2 mm in thermoablated livers, compared to 1.2 mm in nonablated livers at 24 h. This difference in drug transport properties is attributed to destruction of the vasculature network in the ablated tissue as supported by histological analysis. Consequently, drug washout by blood perfusion is hampered while drug diffusion becomes the dominant process of transport in the ablated tissue. Results from this study provide insightful information on the rational design and development of polymer millirods for intratumoral drug delivery applications.
Einstein@Home search for periodic gravitational waves in LIGO S4 data (2009)

A search for periodic gravitational waves, from sources such as isolated rapidly spinning neutron stars, was carried out using 510 h of data from the fourth LIGO science run (S4). The search was for quasimonochromatic waves in the frequency range from 50 to 1500 Hz, with a linear frequency drift f˙ (measured at the solar system barycenter) in the range -f/τ<f˙<0.1f/τ, where the minimum spin-down age τ was 1000 yr for signals below 300 Hz and 10 000 yr above 300 Hz. The main computational work of the search was distributed over approximately 100 000 computers volunteered by the general public. This large computing power allowed the use of a relatively long coherent integration time of 30 h, despite the large parameter space searched. No statistically significant signals were found. The sensitivity of the search is estimated, along with the fraction of parameter space that was vetoed because of contamination by instrumental artifacts. In the 100 to 200 Hz band, more than 90% of sources with dimensionless gravitational-wave strain amplitude greater than 10[superscript -23] would have been detected.
A physical map of the papaya genome with integrated genetic map and genome sequence (2009)

A BAC-based physical map of papaya was constructed and integrated with the genetic map and genome sequence. The integrated map facilitated the draft genome assembly, and is a valuable resource for comparative genomics and map-based cloning of agronomically and economically important genes and for sex chromosome research.
New approaches for cost-effective organic luminescence-based lighting (2011)

This talk will discuss solid-state, white light architectures based on luminescent organic coatings on fibers, capable of producing high CRI and high efficiency output, as well as new methods conducive to their cost-effective manufacture. For example, devices deposited on fibers covering complementary narrow emission bands can be used to mix colors with excellent control of the overall light quality (e.g. CRI &gt; 90), while limiting Stokes loss. Approaches to depositing uniform coatings on non-planar substrates will be discussed, including guard flow-enhanced organic vapor jet printing which enables the ultra-rapid (e.g. &gt;100 nm/s) deposition of emissive layers in the ambient air.
Antenna Diagnosis and Power Density Calculation of 5G Millimeter-wave Mobile Terminal Using Inverse Source Technique (2018)

Millimeter-wave antennas may suffer from stronger effects of surface waves in 5G mobile terminals. In this paper, printed 28 GHz antennas are implemented in a mobile handset mock-up. The influence of surface waves is examined by the reconstructed equivalent currents obtained through the inverse source technique. The obtained equivalent currents are reused for the power density calculation for the purpose of millimeter-wave exposure assessment. The results provide valuable insight into 5G millimeter-wave mobile antenna design and measurement.
THE EFFECT OF SERUM IONIZED CALCIUM ELEVATION ON SOMATOSTATIN INHIBITION OF GLUCOSE‐INDUCED INSULIN RELEASE IN HUMANS (1978)

The effect of somatostatin on the insulin response to an acute intravenous glucose load was studied in five normal subjects before and after induction hypercalcaemia. In the normocalcaemic state, the insulin response to glucose was depressed by somatostatin. In the hypercalcaemic state, insulin responses to glucose in the presence of somatostatin, were partially restored and appeared to be related to the level of increment of serum ionized calcium. It is concluded that, in the human being, hypercalcaemia and somatostatin have opposite actions on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.
Angiogenin variants in Parkinson disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (2011)

The data from this multicenter study demonstrate that there is a strong association between PD, ALS, and ANG variants. ANG is a genetic link between ALS and PD.
Segmented MEMS deformable-mirror technology for space applications (2006)

This paper presents MEMS deformable-mirror technology under development at Iris AO. The hybrid approach uses surface-micromachining techniques to fabricate actuator arrays. High-fill-factor mirror arrays are flip-chip bonded on top of these actuator arrays. The single-crystal-silicon mirror segments provide robust substrates for optical coating with excellent surface quality (6-20 nm <i>rms</i> surface-figure errors). The hexagonally close-packed segments are 350 &#956;m on a side, and can thus provide high-spatial frequency corrections in a small form factor. High-stroke actuation of greater than >7.5 &#956;m has been experimentally verified while keeping actuation voltages within reasonable bounds (<130 V). Three electrodes under each actuator allow for piston/tip/tilt motion. An open-loop controller has been demonstrated to position a 37-segment array resulting in a flattened array with only 19 nm <i>rms</i> of surface figure error.
Increasing TDM Rates for Access Systems Beyond NG-PON2 (2016)

Despite the first ever standardization of a passive optical network (PON) that exclusively uses an expansion in the wavelength domain rather than the time domain to enhance network throughput, continued progress in increasing time-division multiplexed (TDM) PON capacity is essential in providing per-wavelength capacity upgrades to time- and wavelength-division multiplexed PONs or as an alternative TDM-only solution. We discuss candidate technologies for increasing the per-wavelength data rate in PONs and speculate more generally regarding the near-term and long-term evolution of PON systems.
Genetic and hypoxic alterations of the micro RNA ‐210‐ ISCU 1/2 axis promote iron–sulfur deficiency and pulmonary hypertension (2015)

Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are essential for mitochondrial metabolism, but their regulation in pulmonary hypertension (PH) remains enigmatic. We demonstrate that alterations of the miR-210-ISCU1/2 axis cause Fe-S deficiencies in vivo and promote PH. In pulmonary vascular cells and particularly endothelium, hypoxic induction of miR-210 and repression of the miR-210 targets ISCU1/2 downregulated Fe-S levels. In mouse and human vascular and endothelial tissue affected by PH, miR-210 was elevated accompanied by decreased ISCU1/2 and Fe-S integrity. In mice, miR-210 repressed ISCU1/2 and promoted PH. Mice deficient in miR-210, via genetic/pharmacologic means or via an endothelial-specific manner, displayed increased ISCU1/2 and were resistant to Fe-S-dependent pathophenotypes and PH. Similar to hypoxia or miR-210 overexpression, ISCU1/2 knockdown also promoted PH.
Coupling single NV centers in diamond to optical microcavities (2008)

Coupling of the NV <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</sup> ZPL to a silica microcavity and tapered fiber is demonstrated at cryogenic temperatures. Coupling to a high-Q cavity should enhance the usefulness of the NV <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</sup> for quantum information applications.
Considerations in Developing University Microcircuit Fabrication Laboratories (1976)

The fabrication of microcircuits can be efficiently pursued at a university if a clear philosophy is maintained to make the fabrication facility as useful and as economical as possible. The questions of what equipment should be purchased and how sophisticated it should be must be answered in a logical way.
Full Length cDNA Structure and Deduced Amino Acid Sequence of Human β-Hydroxy-5-Ene Steroid Dehydrogenase (1989)

Polyclonal antibodies raised against 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isolated from human placenta were used to screen a lambda gt11 expression cDNA library from the same tissue. The protein deduced from cDNA sequences contains 372 amino acids with a calculated mol wt of 42,216. Since 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase is the enzyme catalyzing the formation of all classes of hormonal steroids, the availability of the cDNA encoding this enzyme opens new possibilities for a detailed investigation of the factors regulating the expression and activity of this crucial enzyme in adrenal, gonadal as well as peripheral tissues.
ChemInform Abstract: COFACIAL ASSEMBLY OF PARTIALLY OXIDIZED METALLAMACROCYCLES AS AN APPROACH TO CONTROLLING LATTICE ARCHITECTURE IN LOW‐DIMENSIONAL MOLECULAR SOLIDS. CHEMICAL AND ARCHITECTURAL PROPERTIES OF THE “FACE‐TO‐FACE” POLYMER (M(PHTHALOCYANINATO)O)N, WHERE M = SI, GE, AND SN (1983)

Abstract Die wie aufgezeichnet synthetisierten Polymeren (V) werden durch Elektronen‐ und IR‐Spektren, Bestimmung von Molgewichten als Funktion der Polymerisationsprozedur und Röntgendiffraktionsmessungen an sorgfältig ausgewählten Modellverbindungen charakterisiert.
Medium frequency broadcast of differential GPS data (1990)

The broadcast performance of DGPS (differential global positioning systems)/radio beacons is studied. It is found that a combination of receiver limiting and forward error corrections is very effective against the atmospheric noise which characterizes the MF band. This combination significantly reduces the probability of bit error and the average time between differential updates. The authors compute the probability of link outage versus range, and find that forward error correction significantly increases DGPS/radio beacon coverage. It is found that groundwave/skywave interference slightly increases the probability of outage at moderate ranges. An estimate is made of the expected duration of outage for the DGPS/radio beacon signal. All results are based on analytical and experimental results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>