gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Neoadjuvant strategies in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer]. (2000)

The prognosis of patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), other than stage IA disease, remains disappointing, with 5 year survival rates ranging from 40-55%. For the past 15-20 years, several phase II trials have investigated the efficacy of chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy prior to surgery in the management of stage IIIA NSCLC, with encouraging results. Phase III trials comparing surgery alone with chemotherapy plus surgery have confirmed the efficacy of this multimodality approach. Gemcitabine, one of the new agents with significant activity against NSCLC, has undergone extensive clinical testing in combination with cisplatin in this setting. In 47 patients with stage IIIA disease, induction with gemcitabine/cisplatin was well tolerated and yielded a response rate of >70%. Downstaging of the mediastinal lymph nodes occurred in 53% of patients. Preliminary data from another study employing mitomycin C, ifosfamide and cisplatin in resectable NSCLC suggest that there are favourable effects of induction treatment, especially in early-stage disease. With the availability of chemotherapeutic combinations such as gemcitabine/cisplatin, which are both effective and well tolerated, combination therapy is likely to become a major advance in the treatment of patients with early-stage (IB, II) NSCLC.
Control over Wettability of Polyethylene Glycol Surfaces Using Capillary Lithography (2005)

We demonstrate that wettability of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) surfaces can be controlled using nanostructures with various geometrical features. Capillary lithography was used to fabricate PEG nanostructures using a new ultraviolet (UV) curable mold consisting of functionalized polyurethane with acrylate group (MINS101m, Minuta Tech.). Two distinct wetting states were observed depending of the height of nanostructures. At relatively lower heights (< 300 nm for 150 nm pillars with 500 nm spacing), the initial contact angle of water was less than 80 degrees and the water droplet easily invaded into the surface grooves, leading to a reduced contact angle at equilibrium (Wenzel state). At relatively higher heights (> 400 nm for 150 nm pillars with 500 nm spacing), on the other hand, the nanostructured PEG surface showed hydrophobic nature and no significant change in contact angle was observed with time (Cassie state). The presence of two wetting states was also confirmed by dynamic wetting properties and contact-angle hysteresis. The wetting transition from hydrophilic (bare PEG surface) to hydrophobic (PEG nanostructures) was described by the Cassie-Baxter equation assuming that enhanced hydrophobicity is due to the heterogeneous wetting mediated by an air pocket on the surface. The measured contact angles in the Cassie state were increased with increasing air fraction, in agreement with the theoretical prediction.
Classification with scattering operators (2011)

A scattering vector is a local descriptor including multiscale and multi-direction co-occurrence information. It is computed with a cascade of wavelet decompositions and complex modulus. This scattering representation is locally translation invariant and linearizes deformations. A supervised classification algorithm is computed with a PCA model selection on scattering vectors. State of the art results are obtained for handwritten digit recognition and texture classification.
Exposure–response analyses demonstrate no evidence of interleukin 17A contribution to efficacy of ABT-122 in rheumatoid or psoriatic arthritis (2018)

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02433340, NCT02349451.
Improved Side-Channel Analysis of Finite-Field Multiplication. (2015)

A side-channel analysis of multiplication in GF(2) has recently been published by Belaid, Fouque and Gerard at Asiacrypt 2014, with an application to AES-GCM. Using the least significant bit of the Hamming weight of the multiplication result, the authors have shown how to recover the secret multiplier efficiently. However such least significant bit is very sensitive to noise measurement; this implies that without averaging their attack can only work for high signal-to-noise ratios (SNR > 128). In this paper we describe a new side-channel attack against the multiplication in GF(2) that uses the most significant bits of the Hamming weight. We show that much higher values of noise can be then tolerated. For instance with an SNR equal to 8, the key can be recovered using 2 consumption traces with time and memory complexities respectively equal to 2 and 2. We moreover show that the new method can be extended to attack the fresh re-keying countermeasure proposed by Medwed, Standaert, Grosschadl and Regazzoni at Africacrypt 2010.
Supplementary Data from Circulating Tumor and Immune Cells for Minimally Invasive Risk Stratification of Smoldering Multiple Myeloma (2023)

Supplementary Data from Circulating Tumor and Immune Cells for Minimally Invasive Risk Stratification of Smoldering Multiple Myeloma
SWIFT® Semiconductor Packaging Technology (2019)

The continued scaling of transistor geometries for semiconductor devices has been placing an increased demand on the next-level interconnect technologies. A new, innovative chip-last high density fan-out (HD-FO) structure called Silicon Wafer Integrated Fan-out Technology (SWIFT) packaging incorporates conventional fan-out waferlevel packaging (FO-WLP) processes with leading-edge, thin film patterning techniques to bridge the gap between through-silicon via technology and traditional FO-WLP packages. For smartphones and wearable devices, 3D package-on-package (PoP) structures have become the standard for application processor (AP) and DRAM integration. SWIFT packaging is also capable of conformal shielding, which is increasingly requested for laminate-based system in package (SiP) modules. In addition to the AP and SiP markets, SWIFT packaging has applications in the networking and high performance graphics segments. This chapter focuses on the comparison of the chip-last HD-FO technology process with both exposed-die PoP and fan-in PoP for signal integrity, power integrity, and impedance matching.
Dispersible Gold Nanorod Dimers with Sub-5 nm Gaps as Local Amplifiers for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (2012)

We report the synthesis of solution-dispersible, 35 nm diameter gold nanorod dimers with gaps as small as ∼2 nm for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Using on-wire lithography (OWL), we prepared tailorable dimers in high yield and high monodispersity (∼96% dimers) that produce both large and reproducible SERS signals with enhancement factors of (6.8 ± 0.7) × 10(8) for single dimers in air and 1.2 × 10(6) for ensemble-averaged solution measurements. Furthermore, we show that these structures, which are the smallest ever made by OWL, can be used to detect molecules on flat surfaces and in aqueous solutions. When combined, these attributes with respect to sensitivity, reproducibility, and tailorability lead to a novel and powerful local amplification system for SERS applications.
P1‐082: THERAPEUTICALLY EFFICACIOUS ANTI‐β‐SHEET MONOCLONAL DOES NOT INDUCE MICROHEMORRHAGES OR INFLAMMATION IN TGSWDI AD MICE WITH EXTENSIVE VASCULAR AMYLOID, INCREASING CHANCES OF SAFE TRANSLATABILITY (2019)

We have previously demonstrated that a specific anti-β-sheet secondary structure antibody combining site (paratope) in IgM or IgG class achieves significant cognitive rescue and both Aβ and Tau pathologic oligomers reduction in a 3xTg mouse model. We have now tested the safety of the aβComAb paratope in a cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) TgSwDI AD model. Two groups of 15 months old TgSwDI mice with extensive CAA deposition were used for the preclinical trial. One group was inoculated i.p. weekly for two months with 100 μg/animal of paratope GW-23B7/sterile saline (IgM) or sterile saline vehicle alone. The animals then underwent locomotor and cognitive testing followed by the brains being harvested for immunohistochemical and biochemical analysis. The GW-23B7 paratope treated group showed significant cognitive rescue compare to controls on the Barnes Maze, which correlated with a significant decrease of vascular and parenchymal Aβ amyloid and lesser number of microhemorrhages and activated glia as determined by Prussian Blue, IBA1, GFAP and CD-45 immunohistochemistry. We have shown that a paratope directed only to the β-sheet secondary structure of pathologic oligomers (aβComAb-GW-23B7-IgM) does not bind fibrillary Aβ deposits, reducing Aβ pathology by a primary sequence independent mechanism that does not induce microhemorrhages or inflammation. This aβComAb-GW-23B7-IgM, proven to reduce Aβ and tau pathology and achieve significant cognitive rescue, can be safely infused, reducing the possibility of amyloid related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) or autoimmune toxicity complications if translated to human AD clinical trials.
Multiscale interactome analysis coupled with off-target drug predictions reveals drug repurposing candidates for human coronavirus disease (2021)

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the urgent need for the identification of new antiviral drug therapies for a variety of diseases. COVID-19 is caused by infection with the human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, while other related human coronaviruses cause diseases ranging from severe respiratory infections to the common cold. We developed a computational approach to identify new antiviral drug targets and repurpose clinically-relevant drug compounds for the treatment of a range of human coronavirus diseases. Our approach is based on graph convolutional networks (GCN) and involves multiscale host-virus interactome analysis coupled to off-target drug predictions. Cell-based experimental assessment reveals several clinically-relevant drug repurposing candidates predicted by the in silico analyses to have antiviral activity against human coronavirus infection. In particular, we identify the MET inhibitor capmatinib as having potent and broad antiviral activity against several coronaviruses in a MET-independent manner, as well as novel roles for host cell proteins such as IRAK1/4 in supporting human coronavirus infection, which can inform further drug discovery studies.
Multiscale label-free volumetric holographic histopathology of thick-tissue slides with subcellular resolution (2020)

ABSTRACT Histopathology relies upon the staining and sectioning of biological tissues, which can be laborious and may cause artefacts and distort tissues. Here, we demonstrate label-free volumetric imaging of thick-tissue slides, exploiting refractive index distributions as intrinsic imaging contrast. The present method systematically exploits label-free quantitative phase imaging techniques, volumetric reconstruction of intrinsic refractive index distributions in tissues, and numerical algorithms for the seamless stitching of multiple 3D tomograms and for reducing scattering-induced image distortion. We demonstrate demonstrated label-free volumetric imaging of thick tissues with the field of view of 2 mm × 1.75 mm × 0.2 mm with a spatial resolution of 170 nm × 170 nm × 1200 nm. The number of optical modes, calculated as the reconstructed volume divided by the size of the point spread function, was approximately 20 Giga voxels. We have also demonstrated that different tumour types, and a variety of precursor lesions and pathologies can be visualized with the present method. Abstract Figure
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalysis Chemistry in Flow (2016)

Abstract Review: 110 refs.
Asymmetric Copper Hydride-Catalyzed Markovnikov Hydrosilylation of Vinylarenes and Vinyl Heterocycles (2017)

We report a highly enantioselective CuH-catalyzed Markovnikov hydrosilylation of vinylarenes and vinyl heterocycles. This method has a broad scope and enables both the synthesis of isolable silanes and the conversion of crude products to chiral alcohols. Density functional theory calculations support a mechanism proceeding by hydrocupration followed by σ-bond metathesis with a hydrosilane.
PD-L2 Promoter-Methylierung ist ein prognostisch positiver Biomarker beim Magenkarzinom (2017)

PD-1/PD-L1 (programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death ligand 1) Immun-Checkpoint-Inhibitoren gelten als vielversprechender neuer Therapieansatz in der Krebstherapie und stehen im Fokus aktueller Studien. Das Magenkarzinom als dritthäufigste Ursache für krebsbedingte Todesfälle weltweit stellt dabei eine wichtige Entität dar. Die Bedeutung von PD-L2 als zweiter Ligand des PD-1-Rezeptors ist dabei bislang kaum untersucht worden. Auch die epigenetische Regulierung des PD-1-Pathways ist größtenteils unklar.
Development and application of highly efficient ruthenium‐based catalysts for the ring opening metathesis polymerization (1998)

Abstract Various bisallylic ruthenium(IV) complexes were synthesized and tested as catalysts for the ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of norbornene. In presence of cocatalysts such as silanes or certain diazoalkanes a significant increase of the catalytic activity could be observed. With these highly efficient systems the ROMP of diolefinic norbornene derivatives (dicyclopentadiene, 5‐ethylidene‐2‐norbornene, norbornadiene) and monomers containing functional groups was achieved (e.g. alcohols, acids, esters, amides, imides, ketones, aldehydes, …).
Finding Faults in PV Systems: Supervised and Unsupervised Dictionary Learning With SSTDR (2020)

This article explains the use of supervised and unsupervised dictionary learning approaches on spread spectrum time domain (SSTDR) data to detect and locate disconnections in a PV array consisting of five panels. The aim is to decompose an SSTDR reflection signature into different components where each component has a physical interpretation, such as noise, environmental effects, and faults. In the unsupervised dictionary learning approach, the decomposed components are inspected to detect and localize faults. The maximum difference between actual and predicted location of the fault is 0.44 m on a system with five panels connected to an SSTDR box with a leader cable of 59.13 m and total length of 67.36 m including the effective length of the panels. In the supervised dictionary learning approach, the dictionary components are used to classify the SSTDR data to their respective fault types. Our results show a 97% accuracy using the supervised learning approach.
Bioactive Bromotyrosine Derivatives from the Pacific Marine Sponge Suberea clavata (Pulitzer-Finali, 1982) (2021)

Chemical investigation of the South-Pacific marine sponge <i>Suberea clavata</i> led to the isolation of eight new bromotyrosine metabolites named subereins 1-8 (<b>2</b>-<b>9</b>) along with twelve known co-isolated congeners. The detailed configuration determination of the first representative major compound of this family 11-<i>epi</i>-fistularin-3 (11<i>R</i>,17<i>S</i>) (<b>1</b>) is described. Their chemical characterization was achieved by HRMS and integrated 1D and 2D NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopic studies and extensive comparison with literature data. For the first time, a complete assignment of the absolute configurations for stereogenic centers C-11/17 of the known members (11<i>R</i>,17<i>S</i>) 11-<i>epi</i>-fistularin-3 (<b>1</b>) and 17-deoxyfistularin-3 (<b>10</b>) was determined by a combination of chemical modifications, Mosher's technology, and ECD spectroscopy. Consequently, the absolute configurations of all our new isolated compounds <b>2</b>-<b>9</b> were determined by the combination of NMR, Mosher's method, ECD comparison, and chemical modifications. Interestingly, compounds <b>2</b>-<b>7</b> were obtained by chemical transformation of the major compound 11-<i>epi</i>-fistularin-3 (<b>1).</b> Evaluation for acetylcholinesterase inhibition (AChE), DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) modulating activity and antifouling activities using marine bacterial strains are also presented.
Performance of hybrid ARQ techniques for WCDMA high data rates (2002)

Hybrid ARQ is being considered as a potential method for improving the performance of WCDMA in UMTS. We compare different hybrid ARQ techniques, namely the incremental redundancy type II hybrid ARQ schemes and type I hybrid ARQ schemes with and without soft combining. The emphasis is at high data rates and downlink shared channel (DSCH). Both link and system simulations are used for comparison. The hybrid ARQ schemes are shown to achieve higher throughput and capacity than the conventional ARQ schemes currently specified in the 3GPP WCDMA standard. Also, the combining of packets can cut the tail of the delay distribution which reduces the required maximum number of transmissions. However, the complexity increase due to physical layer buffering in the mobile station is too high if the round trip delay is large.
FPGA acceleration of Markov Random Field TRW-S inference for stereo matching (2013)

In this paper, we present our hardware accelerator for inference computations on Markov Random Fields (MRFs), which wins the “adjusted run time” category of MEMOCODE 2013 design contest. The contest problem is to accelerate the popular Belief Propagation (BP) algorithm for MRF stereo matching, but BP often suffers from non-convergence in its MRF inference. To overcome the drawbacks of BP, we show how a superior method-Sequential Tree-Reweighted message passing (TRW-S)-can be rendered in hardware. TRW-S has reliable convergence, guaranteed by its so-called “sequential” computation. We show how to implement TRW-S in FPGA hardware so that it exploits significant parallelism and memory bandwidth. Our FPGA implementation demonstrates superior MRF inference performance and comparable quality of stereo matching results on the provided stereo matching tasks comYXB3-02195-A021pared to the reference BP software.
PGX.D/Async (2017)

Graph querying and pattern matching is becoming an important feature of graph processing as it allows data analysts to easily collect and understand information about their graphs in a way similar to SQL for databases. One of the key challenges in graph pattern matching is to process increasingly large graphs that often do not fit in the memory of a single machine. In this paper, we present PGX.D/Async, a scalable distributed pattern matching engine for property graphs that is able to handle very large datasets. PGX.D/Async implements pattern matching operations with asynchronous depth-first traversal, allowing for a high degree of parallelism and precise control over memory consumption. In PGX.D/Async, developers can query graphs with PGQL, an SQL-like query language for property graphs. Essentially, PGX.D/Async provides an intuitive, distributed, in-memory pattern matching engine for very large graphs.
ChemInform Abstract: ORGANOCUPRATE REACTIONS WITH CYCLOPROPANES. EVIDENCE FOR THREE TYPES OF MECHANISM (1984)

Abstract Die Reaktionen von Lithiumdimethylcuprat mit Cyclopropanen werden untersucht.
ADAR1-mediated 3′ UTR editing and expression control of antiapoptosis genes fine-tunes cellular apoptosis response (2017)

Adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing constitutes a crucial component of the cellular transcriptome and critically underpins organism survival and development. While recent high-throughput approaches have provided comprehensive documentation of the RNA editome, its functional output remains mostly unresolved, particularly for events in the non-coding regions. Gene ontology analysis of the known RNA editing targets unveiled a preponderance of genes related to apoptosis regulation, among which proto-oncogenes XIAP and MDM2 encode two the most abundantly edited transcripts. To further decode this potential functional connection, here we showed that the main RNA editor ADAR1 directly targets this 3' UTR editing of XIAP and MDM2, and further exerts a negative regulation on the expression of their protein products. This post-transcriptional silencing role was mediated via the inverted Alu elements in the 3' UTR but independent of alteration in transcript stability or miRNA targeting. Rather, we discovered that ADAR1 competes transcript occupancy with the RNA shuttling factor STAU1 to facilitate nuclear retention of the XIAP and MDM2 mRNAs. As a consequence, ADAR1 may acquire functionality in part by conferring spatial distribution and translation efficiency of the target transcripts. Finally, abrogation of ADAR1 expression or catalytic activity elicited a XIAP-dependent suppression of apoptotic response, whereas ectopic expression reversed this protective effect on cell death. Together, our results extended the known functions of ADAR1 and RNA editing to the critical fine-tuning of the intracellular apoptotic signaling and also provided mechanistic explanation for ADAR1's roles in development and tumorigenesis.
Stress-induced regulation of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase by SB 203580-sensitive and −insensitive pathways (2002)

Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) kinase, the enzyme that inactivates eEF2, is controlled by phosphorylation. Previous work showed that stress-activated protein kinase 4 (SAPK4, also called p38delta) inhibits eEF2 kinase in vitro by phosphorylating Ser-359, while ribosomal protein S6 kinases inhibit eEF2 kinase by phosphorylating Ser-366 [Knebel, Morrice and Cohen (2001) EMBO J. 20, 4360-4369; Wang, Li, Williams, Terada, Alessi and Proud (2001) EMBO J. 20, 4370-4379]. In the present study we have examined the effects of the protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on the phosphorylation of eEF2 kinase. We demonstrate that Ser-359, Ser-366 and two novel sites (Ser-377 and Ser-396) are all phosphorylated in human epithelial KB cells, but only the phosphorylation of Ser-359 and Ser-377 increases in response to these agonists and correlates with the dephosphorylation (activation) of eEF2. Ser-377 is probably a substrate of MAPKAP-K2/K3 (mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 2/kinase 3) in cells, because eEF2 kinase is phosphorylated efficiently by these protein kinases in vitro and phosphorylation of this site, induced by TNF-alpha and low (but not high) concentrations of anisomycin, is prevented by SB 203580, which inhibits SAPK2a/p38, their "upstream" activator. The phosphorylation of Ser-359 induced by high concentrations of anisomycin is probably catalysed by SAPK4/p38delta in cells, because no other stress-activated, proline-directed protein kinase tested phosphorylates this site in vitro and phosphorylation is insensitive to SB 203580. Interestingly, the phosphorylation of Ser-359 induced by TNF-alpha or low concentrations of anisomycin is suppressed by SB 203580, indicating that phosphorylation is also mediated by a novel pathway. Since the phosphorylation of Ser-377 does not inhibit eEF2 kinase in vitro, our results suggest that anisomycin or TNF-alpha inhibit eEF2 kinase via the phosphorylation of Ser-359.
Near-field optical head on disk mastering process (1999)

The focus-servo system on optical disc mastering conventionally used to be with the off-axis optical setup. As Fig.l shows, a laser beam which does not expose photo-resist, like a red He-Ne laser, leads to an objective from a point off of the optical axis, reflects on the surface ofthe photo-resist and returns in the direction of the incident beam. The reflected beam changes the beam angle from the optical axis according to the working distance of the objective, and is detected as a position with a PSD(Position Sensor Diode). The position-signal from PSD feeds back to the VCM and controls the working distance statically. The focus-servo error remains normally 30nmPP. In the near field operation, however, the working distance should be less than the wavelength The fluctuation caused by that error has a risk of collision between the objective and the glass master. The requirement must be one order of magnitude below like lOnmPP. So a new type of focusservo system had been required.