gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Utility of FDG PET/CT in patients with Myofascial Pain Syndrome (2015)

1694 Objectives The mechanism of uptake of 18F-FDG suggests a role in the evaluation of pain. Areas of FDG uptake in muscle are often seen in oncology PET scans but of unknown etiology. To understand this better, we examined a group of patients with significant focal muscle pain with FDG PET/CT. Methods Patients with a diagnosis of Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) and active trigger points were prospectively recruited from the Stanford University Pain Management Center and scanned with a whole-body 18F-FDG PET/CT. Patients with a history of cancer, recent surgery, or recent trigger point injections were excluded. Medications that may decrease FDG uptake were temporarily stopped. The location of the patients’ pain were identified by a physician, as well as the by the patient, and recorded on a standard whole-body diagram. The PET/CT scans were reviewed without knowledge of the location of the patient’s pain, then correlated. Results Eight subjects included 5 women and 3 men, with an average age of 49 years. The average pain score was 7.5/10. The sites of pain primarily included the neck and back. The physician and patient reported sites of pain agreed in all cases. Only 1 out of the 8 patients studied had any abnormal 18F-FDG uptake seen on their PET/CT scan; all other scans were negative, both qualitatively and qualitatively. That one patient (see figure) had abnormal focal FDG uptake in the right T9/10 intervertebral space, which correlated with the radicular distribution of his pain along the right mid-back. Ultimately, an osteid osteoma was removed from this site with subsequent pain resolution. Conclusions Our hypothesis that FDG would show focal areas of muscle activity in patients with MPS was not borne out. These results suggest that increased glucose utilization is either not associated with muscle pain, or the degree of uptake is below the sensitivity for PET. As such, this study does not support the use of FDG PET for MPS. Other types of painful conditions may have different findings and should be studied.
Experimental evaluation of an all-optical cross-connect based on micro-electro-mechanical system switches (2003)

Performances of a WDM multistage interconnection architecture have been evaluated, by using measurements carried out on a 8×8 MEMS 2-D photonic switch made by OMM Inc.. Maximum and minimum insertion losses resulted 3.96 dB and 1.42 dB respectively at the wavelength of 1540.5nm. Furthermore polarization dependent loss and crosstalk were below 0.7 dB and -79 dB respectively. A rist time of 12 ms and a fall time of 4 ms were measured. The measurements were used to study a 40 Gbit/s WDM network which operates by using two fibers each supporting 8 multiplexed channels for a total of 16 channels whose carriers are spaced by 50 GHz and modulated at 2.5 Gbit/s. The network includes an optical cross connect (OXC), designed to switch part or all of the eight channels from one fiber to the other. The heart of the OXC is a 16×16 strictly non-blocking switching matrix based on a three stage Clos architecture. Insertion losses lower than 7 dB were evaluated over the entire network and the eye diagram spreads by just about 4%.
Resveratrol Inhibits Tumor Growth of Human Neuroblastoma and Mediates Apoptosis by Directly Targeting Mitochondria (2007)

These studies indicate that, despite low bioavailability, resveratrol is effective at inhibiting tumor growth. Elevated levels of resveratrol enhance its antitumor potency leading to tumor regression, associated with widespread tumor cell death, the underlying mechanism of which involves the direct activation of the mitochondrial intrinsic apoptotic pathway.
Effective Schottky Barrier Height modulation using dielectric dipoles for source/drain specific contact resistivity improvement (2012)

We demonstrate statistically significant data for specific contact resistivity (ρ <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</inf> ) of sub-10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−8</sup> Ω-cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and sub-2×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−8</sup> Ω-cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> for N-type and P-type Si respectively on 300mm wafer by introducing ultra-thin ALD high-k dielectric layer(s) between the metal and Si. A 6-terminal Cross-Bridge Kelvin (6T-CBK) structure was used for the extraction to achieve excellent resolution in this small ρ <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</inf> range. With the help of measurements from multiple dielectric stacks and Non-Equilibrium Green's Function (NEGF) based quantum transport calculations, we clearly show that the suppression of evanescent metal induced gap states (MIGS) and formation of interface dipole play significant role to reduce the ρ <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</inf> as long as the tunneling resistance of the dielectric stack is small. Finally, transient response, break down mechanism and technology benchmarking are discussed which show promise for sub-14nm node applications.
Effect of tensile stress on the various components of the off current of n-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor transistors (2007)

The authors found that tensile stress actually slightly increases the on current and the subthreshold off current but it slightly decreases the gate leakage current and the drain junction leakage current for n-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor transistors. For short transistors, the subthreshold off current dominates over the other two components of the off current such that tensile stress slightly increases both the on current and the off current. However, in the on current versus the logarithm of off current plot, tensile stress increases the on current for a constant off current such that the overall effect of tensile stress is an improvement.
Spectroscopic studies of the structures of protonated dieneiron tricarbonyl complexes (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSpectroscopic studies of the structures of protonated dieneiron tricarbonyl complexesMaurice. Brookhart, Thomas H. Whitesides, and Joseph M. CrockettCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1976, 15, 7, 1550–1554Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50161a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50161a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views90Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A dumbbell double nicked duplex dodecamer DNA with a PEG6 tether (2011)

A hairpin dodecamer DNA motif with a dangling end composed of four bases was studied in order to find conditions which promote a dumbbell structure as the sole form in solution. It could be used as a model of a DNA duplex with two nicks on opposite strands, mimicking a target for topo II poisons. We have established two alternative means of obtaining a dumbbell in solution as the only form present at 0 °C. The first one is to use a relatively high concentration of a hairpin motif, ca. 3.5 mM, at low ionic strength, and second is to use a moderate hairpin motif concentration of ca. 2 mM at high ionic strength, 200 mM and 15% of methanol. An NMR-derived structure in a buffered water solution is presented. A representative structure ensemble of 10 structures was obtained from MD calculations utilizing the AMBER protocol and using NOESY-derived experiment cross peak volumes transferred to experimental restraints by the MARDIGRAS algorithm.
22 Computational Modeling of Adult Neurogenesis (2008)

One of the most intriguing differences between adult and developmental neurogenesis is that in the adult brain, new neurons are integrating into already-developed, functioning circuits. Newborn neurons develop highly complex neuronal morphology—an impressive feat, considering that the extracellular signaling environment (thought to be important during development) is considerably different in the adult. Adult neurogenesis has been observed in most animal species, both in the normal course of life and in response to injury in many nonmammals. The fact that adult neurogenesis is essentially limited to two regions in mammalian brains suggests that the addition of new neurons to these regions (the olfactory bulb [OB] and dentate gyrus [DG]) is of particular importance. Although the function of regenerative neurogenesis is self-evident, the purpose for lifelong neurogenesis remains unclear. There are several reasons why taking a computational modeling approach has potential. One is that any effect of adding new neurons will first be manifested computationally in the network and will only then be observed behaviorally. Modeling can permit the observation of an effect that otherwise would go unseen in standard behavioral assays. This provides a framework by which new predictions can be made that can be specifically tested experimentally. Furthermore, a well-developed computational model or theory can be altered in a manner that is impractical or impossible in animal models, such as increasing the rate of neurogenesis by tenfold or studying the effects of neurogenesis in nonneurogenic areas. Finally, modeling the computational aspects of a system often helps focus future experiments,..
C-Src is required for complex formation between the hepatitis C virus-encoded proteins NS5A and NS5B: A prerequisite for replication (2011)

Our data suggest that c-Src participates in the formation of an NS5A/NS5B protein complex that is required for efficient replication of HCV.
Supplementary Figure from Breast Cancer Index Is a Predictive Biomarker of Treatment Benefit and Outcome from Extended Tamoxifen Therapy: Final Analysis of the Trans-aTTom Study (2023)

Supplementary Figure from Breast Cancer Index Is a Predictive Biomarker of Treatment Benefit and Outcome from Extended Tamoxifen Therapy: Final Analysis of the Trans-aTTom Study
Selective and Sequential Photorelease Using Molecular Switches (2006)

Effective release mechanism: Low-energy visible light is used to convert thermally stable cyclic dithienylethene derivatives 1 into thermally unstable forms 2 that undergo spontaneous fragmentation. The photoresponsive architecture is rationally designed so that one, the other, or both of two systems in a mixture can be selectively stimulated with different light sources to release their “loads”.
A state-based technique for the summarization and recognition of gesture (2002)

We define a gesture to be a sequence of states in a measurement or configuration space. For a given gesture, these states are used to capture both the repeatability and variability evidenced in a training set of example trajectories. The states are positioned along a prototype of the gesture, and shaped such that they are narrow in the directions in which the ensemble of examples is tightly constrained, and wide in directions in which a great deal of variability is observed. We develop techniques for computing a prototype trajectory of an ensemble of trajectories, for defining configuration states along the prototype, and for recognizing gestures from an unsegmented, continuous stream of sensor data. The approach is illustrated by application to a range of gesture-related sensory data: the two-dimensional movements of a mouse input device, the movement of the hand measured by a magnetic spatial position and orientation sensor, and, lastly, the changing eigenvector projection coefficients computed from an image sequence.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Wave energy technology in China (2011)

This paper traces the research stages of China's study of wave energy technology, summarizing the findings and deficiencies of each stage from oscillating water column, through onshore oscillating buoy to floating Duck. It also highlights the major innovations in China's new floating Duck device.
An embedded neutral layer for advanced surface affinity control in grapho-epitaxy directed self-assembly (2018)

Advanced surface affinity control for grapho-epitaxy directed self-assembly (DSA) patterning is essential for providing reliable DSA-based solutions for the development of semiconductor patterning. Independent control of surface affinity between the bottom and the sidewalls of a topographical guiding structure was achieved by embedding an ultrathin layer in the guiding template stack. The implementation of an embedded layer with tunable surface properties for DSA grapho-epitaxy was evaluated and optimized on 300 mm wafers by critical dimension SEM characterization. It was demonstrated that a thin protective layer, placed between the hard mask guiding template and the embedded layer, allows the preservation of the surface properties of the embedded layer during guiding template etching. The DSA performances of this novel grapho-epitaxy integration, using a topographical template patterned with 193 nm immersion lithography, were evaluated by monitoring the success rate and the critical dimension uniformity of the shrunk contacts. FIB-STEM analyses were further carried out to analyze the residual polymer thickness on the resulting contacts. This new integration leads to the control of the polymer residual thickness (a few nanometers) and uniformity (inferior to 1 nm) at the bottom of the guiding template which will facilitate the subsequent DSA pattern transfer.
Data from Selective Inhibition of EZH2 by EPZ-6438 Leads to Potent Antitumor Activity in <i>EZH2</i>-Mutant Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Mutations within the catalytic domain of the histone methyltransferase EZH2 have been identified in subsets of patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). These genetic alterations are hypothesized to confer an oncogenic dependency on EZH2 enzymatic activity in these cancers. We have previously reported the discovery of EPZ005678 and EPZ-6438, potent and selective &lt;i&gt;S&lt;/i&gt;-adenosyl-methionine-competitive small molecule inhibitors of EZH2. Although both compounds are similar with respect to their mechanism of action and selectivity, EPZ-6438 possesses superior potency and drug-like properties, including good oral bioavailability in animals. Here, we characterize the activity of EPZ-6438 in preclinical models of NHL. EPZ-6438 selectively inhibits intracellular lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27) methylation in a concentration- and time-dependent manner in both &lt;i&gt;EZH2&lt;/i&gt; wild-type and mutant lymphoma cells. Inhibition of H3K27 trimethylation (H3K27Me3) leads to selective cell killing of human lymphoma cell lines bearing EZH2 catalytic domain point mutations. Treatment of &lt;i&gt;EZH2&lt;/i&gt;-mutant NHL xenograft-bearing mice with EPZ-6438 causes dose-dependent tumor growth inhibition, including complete and sustained tumor regressions with correlative diminution of H3K27Me3 levels in tumors and selected normal tissues. Mice dosed orally with EPZ-6438 for 28 days remained tumor free for up to 63 days after stopping compound treatment in two &lt;i&gt;EZH2&lt;/i&gt;-mutant xenograft models. These data confirm the dependency of &lt;i&gt;EZH2&lt;/i&gt;-mutant NHL on EZH2 activity and portend the utility of EPZ-6438 as a potential treatment for these genetically defined cancers. &lt;i&gt;Mol Cancer Ther; 13(4); 842–54. ©2014 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Perturbations by Phenyl on the 1,5-Hydrogen Shift in 1,3(Z)-Pentadiene. Another Chameleonic Transition Region? (2004)

The acyclic 1,5-dienyl hydrogen shift is accelerated by radical-stabilizing phenyl substituents without regard to the type of position occupied in the 1,3(Z)-pentadiene system. 1-Phenyl-5-p-tolyl-1,3(Z)-pentadiene has a corrected energy of activation 5.8 kcal mol(-)(1) lower than that of the parent, while the 2- and 3-phenyl analogues, examined in cyclic systems specifically designed to obviate the otherwise general need for a thermochemical correction to the immediately precursory s-cis conformation, reveal stabilizing effects of 3.6 and 3.4 kcal mol(-)(1), respectively. These relatively small effects are consistent with a chameleonic conceptual scheme for the transition region.
Adenosine Amine Congener as a Cochlear Rescue Agent (2014)

Our data show that ADAC mitigates noise-induced hearing loss in a dose- and time-dependent manner, but further studies are required to establish its translation as a clinical otological treatment.
A Highly Active Biohybrid Catalyst for Olefin Metathesis in Water: Impact of a Hydrophobic Cavity in a β-Barrel Protein (2015)

A series of Grubbs–Hoveyda type catalyst precursors for olefin metathesis containing a maleimide moiety in the backbone of the NHC ligand was covalently incorporated in the cavity of the β-barrel protein nitrobindin. By using two protein mutants with different cavity sizes and choosing the suitable spacer length, an artificial metalloenzyme for olefin metathesis reactions in water in the absence of any organic cosolvents was obtained. High efficiencies reaching TON > 9000 in the ROMP of a water-soluble 7-oxanorbornene derivative and TON > 100 in ring-closing metathesis (RCM) of 4,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)-1,6-heptadiene in water under relatively mild conditions (pH 6, T = 25–40 °C) were observed.
Intramolecular Oxidative Diaryl Coupling of Tetrasubstituted Diphenylamines for the Preparation of Bis(trifluoromethyl) Dimethyl Carbazoles (2021)

Abstract Synthetic preparation of carbazoles can be challenging, requiring ring-building strategies and/or precious metal catalysts. Presented herein is a method for the preparation of carbazoles with the use of inexpensive and reliable hypervalent iodine chemistry. An oxidative single-electron-transfer (SET) event initiates cyclization for the preparation of our trifluoromethyl carbazoles. This method has been shown to be useful for a variety of bis(trifluoromethyl)carbazole isomers that are of primary interest for use as battery materials.
Estimation of diagonal motion in 3D ultrasound imaging using a modified transducer (2003)

An approach for acquiring 3D data using a modified transducer array was previously described. This array employs one “Imaging” array and two “Tracking” arrays placed perpendicular to the Imaging array. Any component of diagonal motion due to imperfect elevational scanning has the potential to cause dimensional error in the 3D reconstruction. In this paper, diagonal motion is determined by examining the ratio of cross-correlation values, between successive image frames, from both the Imaging array data sets and the Tracking array data sets. The elevational translation is computed using a speckle tracking method on the Tracking array data if there is more elevational motion than azimuthal motion. Similarly, the speckle tracking is performed on the Imaging array data if there is more azimuthal motion. The angle of motion and the translational component derived from one of the two orientations of arrays allows computation of the component of translation in the other direction. MATLAB simulations and experimental result illustrate that the error in speckle tracking was dependent on the angle of the diagonal motion, and that there were distinct rates of decorrelation from each array for different diagonal motions.
High throughput functional variant screens via in-vivo production of single-stranded DNA (2020)

Abstract Tremendous genetic variation exists in nature, but our ability to create and characterize individual genetic variants remains far more limited in scale. Likewise, engineering proteins and phenotypes requires the introduction of synthetic variants, but design of variants outpaces experimental measurement of variant effect. Here, we optimize efficient and continuous generation of precise genomic edits in Escherichia coli , via in-vivo production of single-stranded DNA by the targeted reverse-transcription activity of retrons. Greater than 90% editing efficiency can be obtained using this method, enabling multiplexed applications. We introduce Retron Library Recombineering (RLR), a system for high-throughput screens of variants, wherein the association of introduced edits with their retron elements enables a targeted deep sequencing phenotypic output. We use RLR for pooled, quantitative phenotyping of synthesized variants, characterizing antibiotic resistance alleles. We also perform RLR using sheared genomic DNA of an evolved bacterium, experimentally querying millions of sequences for antibiotic resistance variants. In doing so, we demonstrate that RLR is uniquely suited to utilize non-designed sources of variation. Pooled experiments using ssDNA produced in vivo thus present new avenues for exploring variation, both designed and not, across the entire genome.