gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of CNBr, FMP and hydrazide resins for immunoaffinity purification of factor IX. (1992)

The American Red Cross has developed an immunoaffinity chromatography method to purify human coagulation Factor IX to high levels of purity for therapeutic treatment of hemophilia B. The resin currently used in this process is Sepharose CL2B, a cross-linked 2% agarose, which is activated with cyanogen bromide to immobilize an anti-Factor IX monoclonal antibody. This study evaluated two alternative resins and coupling chemistries, a synthetic polymer bead activated by 2-fluoro-1-methyl-pyridinium toluene 4-sulfonate (FMP) and a cross-linked 2% agarose bead with free hydrazide groups for site-specific coupling. The cyanogen bromide and FMP chemistries immobilize the monoclonal antibody in a random orientation. In hydrazide coupling, the monoclonal antibody is immobilized by the non-antigen-binding part of the molecule which, theoretically, should increase the amount of immobilized monoclonal antibody able to bind antigen. To examine this, the capacity of the resins to bind Factor IX and the purity and recovery of Factor IX eluted from the resins were measured. The FMP-activated resin exhibited the lowest capacity, binding only 2% of the Factor IX feed. Sepharose CL2B bound 87% of the loaded protein, while the hydrazide resin bound 43%. These results suggest that (a) hydrazide activation may be insufficient to orient monoclonal antibody and (b) other factors such as steric hindrances and diffusional resistances during immobilization may be important. Neither of the other resins tested demonstrated improved performance compared with cyanogen bromide-activated Sepharose CL2B for the immunoaffinity purification of Factor IX.
Structure of a chiral chloropropyl bicyclic phosphonamide (1989)

C 11 H 22 N 5 OP cristallise dans P1 avec a=5,488, b=8,140, c=8,664 A, α=85,68, β=74,52, γ=72,50 o , Z=1; affinement jusqu'a R=0,047. Le cycle a cinq membres de type demi-chaise inclut un atome P a coordination tetraedrique. Le cycle est condense trans avec le groupe cyclohexyl en conformation chaise
Microhabitats within Venomous Cone Snails Contain Diverse Actinobacteria (2009)

Actinomycetes can be symbionts in diverse organisms, including both plants and animals. Some actinomycetes benefit their host by producing small molecule secondary metabolites; the resulting symbioses are often developmentally complex. Actinomycetes associated with three cone snails were studied. Cone snails are venomous tropical marine gastropods which have been extensively examined because of their production of peptide-based neurological toxins, but no microbiological studies have been reported on these organisms. A microhabitat approach was used in which dissected tissue from each snail was treated as an individual sample in order to explore bacteria in the tissues separately. Our results revealed a diverse, novel, and highly culturable cone snail-associated actinomycete community, with some isolates showing promising bioactivity in a neurological assay. This suggests that cone snails may represent an underexplored reservoir of novel actinomycetes of potential interest for drug discovery.
Effect of Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy on Brain Iron, Copper, and Zinc in Alzheimer's Disease (2011)

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a vascular lesion associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) present in up to 95% of AD patients and produces MRI-detectable microbleeds in many of these patients. It is possible that CAA-related microbleeding is a source of pathological iron in the AD brain. Because the homeostasis of copper, iron, and zinc are so intimately linked, we determined whether CAA contributes to changes in the brain levels of these metals. We obtained brain tissue from AD patients with severe CAA to compare to AD patients without evidence of vascular amyloid-β. Patients with severe CAA had significantly higher non-heme iron levels. Histologically, iron was deposited in the walls of large CAA-affected vessels. Zinc levels were significantly elevated in grey matter in both the CAA and non-CAA AD tissue, but no vascular staining was noted in CAA cases. Copper levels were decreased in both CAA and non-CAA AD tissues and copper was found to be prominently deposited on the vasculature in CAA. Together, these findings demonstrate that CAA is a significant variable affecting transition metals in AD.
Distributed Temperature and Strain Sensing Using Brillouin Optical Time-Domain Reflectometry Over a Few-Mode Elliptical-Core Optical Fiber (2018)

We propose a single-ended Brillouin-based sensor in elliptical-core few-mode optical fiber for multi-parameter measurement using spontaneous Brillouin scattering. Distributed sensing of temperature and strain is demonstrated over 0.5 km elliptical-core few-mode fiber.
Inverse vulcanization of elemental sulfur and styrene for polymeric cathodes in Li‐S batteries Part A Polymer chemistry (2017)

High sulfur content copolymers were prepared via the inverse vulcanization of elemental sulfur with styrene. This reaction was carried out at a relatively low temperature and invokes a new chain transfer mechanism of abstraction of benzylic protons to form stable copolymers. The use of styrene as a comonomer for inverse vulcanization was attractive due to the low cost and wide spread industrial use of styrenics in free radical processes. The copolymers were used as the active cathode material in Li‐S batteries that exhibited outstanding device performance, maintaining 489 mAh/g capacity after 1000 cycles. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 107–116
ChemInform Abstract: COMPLEX CHEMISTRY OF REACTIVE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. PART XL. METAL‐INDUCED DECARBOXYLATION OF DIKETENES ‐ A NEW WAY TO ALLENE COMPLEXES (1982)

Abstract Aus dem Mangan‐Komplex (I) und Diketen (II) entstehen die η‐Allen‐Komplexe (III), (IV) und (V).
EFFECTS OF THE TYPES OF SHRINKAGE REDUCERS ON THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MORTAR MIXED WITH EXPANSIVE ADMIXTURE (2011)

エトリンガイト石灰複合型膨張材と各種収縮低減剤（SR）を併用し、モルタル物性におよぼすSR種の影響を調査した。膨張材単独より膨張ひずみが大きくなるSRとやや小さくなるSRが存在した。膨張ひずみが大きくなったSR2とSR10は、SR添加率が0から2％では添加率が高いほど膨張ひずみが大きくなった。SR2やSR10は、膨張材の水和に与える影響は小さいが、セメントの水和を適度に抑制した。膨張材が効果的に膨張ひずみを導入できる有効膨張期間が長くなり、膨張ひずみが増加した可能性が示唆された。乾燥収縮ひずみはすべてのSRで膨張材単独より小さく、膨張材を混和したモルタルのさらなる収縮抑制に効果が認められた。
Efficient Implementation of Complex Modulated Filter Banks Using Cosine and Sine Modulated Filter Banks (2006)

The recently introduced exponentially modulated filter bank (EMFB) is a -channel uniform, orthogonal, critically sampled, and frequency-selective complex modulated filter bank that satisfies the perfect reconstruction (PR) property if the prototype filter of an -channel PR cosine modulated filter bank (CMFB) is used. The purpose of this paper is to present various implementation structures for the EMFBs in a unified framework. The key idea is to use cosine and sine modulated filter banks as building blocks and, therefore, polyphase, lattice, and extended lapped transform (ELT) type of implementation solutions are studied. The ELT-based EMFBs are observed to be very competitive with the existing modified discrete Fourier transform filter banks (MDFT-FBs) when comparing the number of multiplications/additions and the structural simplicity. In addition, EMFB provides an alternative channel stacking arrangement that could be more natural in certain subband processing applications and data transmission systems.
Trophic Dynamics of a Slow Growing Age-0 Largemouth Bass Cohort from a Virginia Small Impoundment (2002)

ABSTRACT In order to identify what prey items may be important to age-0 fish growth, we monitored concurrent changes in length distribution and diet of an age-0 largemouth bass cohort from an impoundment where largemouth bass growth was severely reduced. Average size of the age-0 largemouth bass cohort increased with subsequent sampling periods, although growth rate did slow with later collections. By early November, age-0 largemouth bass averaged approximately 80 mm in total length, which ranks the impoundment among the slowest in terms of growth in the southeastern United States. Although age-0 largemouth bass did exhibit distinct shifts in diet with ontogeny, larger fish did not switch to piscivorous feeding but instead maintained a diet quite similar to smaller fish. We attribute slow growth of age-0 largemouth bass in this impoundment to restricted consumption of Diptera larvae, which has been found to be an important food resource elsewhere. Availability of Diptera larvae may be limited due to competition with panfish and aggravated by basin morphology of the impoundment.
Quantum photonics model for nonclassical light generation using integrated nanoplasmonic cavity-emitter systems (2018)

The implementation of nonclassical light sources is becoming increasingly important for various quantum applications. A particularly interesting approach is to integrate such functionalities on a single chip as this could pave the way towards fully scalable quantum photonic devices. Several approaches using dielectric systems have been investigated in the past. However, it is still not understood how on-chip nanoplasmonic antennas, interacting with a single quantum emitter, affect the quantum statistics of photons reflected or transmitted in the guided mode of a waveguide. Here we investigate a quantum photonic platform consisting of an evanescently coupled nanoplasmonic cavity-emitter system and discuss the requirements for nonclassical light generation. We develop an analytical model that incorporates quenching due to the nanoplasmonic cavity to predict the quantum statistics of the transmitted and reflected guided waveguide light under weak coherent pumping. The analytical predictions match numerical simulations based on a master equation approach. It is moreover shown that for resonant excitation the degree of antibunching in transmission is maximized for an optimal cavity modal volume ${V}_{c}$ and cavity-emitter distance $s$. In reflection, perfectly antibunched light can only be obtained for specific $({V}_{c},s)$ combinations. Finally, our model also applies to dielectric cavities and as such can guide future efforts in the design and development of on-chip nonclassical light sources using dielectric and nanoplasmonic cavity-emitter systems.
Supplementary Document from Radiogenomic-Based Survival Risk Stratification of Tumor Habitat on Gd-T1w MRI Is Associated with Biological Processes in Glioblastoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Document&lt;/p&gt;
Bulk Production of Any Ratio 12C:13C Turbostratic Flash Graphene and Its Unusual Spectroscopic Characteristics (2021)

As graphene enjoys worldwide research and deployment, the biological impact, geologic degradation, environmental retention, and even some physical phenomena remain less well studied. Bulk production of <sup>13</sup>C-graphene yields a powerful route to study all of these questions. Gram-scale synthesis of high-quality and high-purity turbostratic flash graphene with varying amounts of <sup>13</sup>C-enrichment, from 5% to 99%, is reported here. The material is characterized by solid state NMR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Notably, an unusual enhancement in the Raman spectroscopic D' peak is observed, resulting from the modification in vibrational frequency through isotopic enrichment favoring intravalley phonon scattering modes. While the IR absorbance spectrum of graphene is for the most part silent, we prepare here <sup>13</sup>C-enhanced graphene samples that show a large aromatic <sup>12</sup>C═<sup>13</sup>C stretch that reveals this IR-active mode.
Band gap engineering, band edge emission, and p-type conductivity in wide-gap LaCuOS1−xSex oxychalcogenides (2002)

The preparation of LaCuOS1−xSex solid solutions (x=0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0) was attempted to control their energy gap and band edge emission energy. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the lattice constant of LaCuOS1−xSex increased linearly with increasing x, indicating the formation of a complete solid solution in the LaCuOS–LaCuOSe system. The energy gap estimated from the diffuse reflectance spectra varied continuously from ∼3.1 eV for x=0 to ∼2.8 eV for x=1. The sharp emission near the absorption edge was observed in all samples at room temperature under ultraviolet light irradiation. p-type electrical conduction in these materials was confirmed by Seebeck measurements, and the conductivity was enhanced by substitution of Sr for La. These results demonstrated that the formation of the solid solutions enabled band gap engineering in LaCuOS1−xSex oxychalcogenides keeping their band edge emission feature and p-type conductivity.
Short-ranged pair distribution function for concentrated suspensions of soft particles (2012)

Many rheological properties of concentrated suspensions of soft particles jammed together beyond the random close packing limit for hard-spheres are determined by the contacts between the particles and are computable from the short range value of the pair distribution function. It is a challenge to compute the structure of these amorphous suspensions because they are athermal, non-equilibrium materials. Here we develop a microscopic theory to predict the short ranged pair distribution function with a transport or conservation of mass equation for the stationary state that includes a concentration dependent mean force that captures the effect of the bulk suspension on the pair interaction. The resulting distribution function is singular as the concentration approaches random close packing as expected from the theory for hard spheres. The pair distribution function and elastic properties that can be calculated from it are validated by computer simulations and experiments with concentrated suspensions of particles with varying soft potentials.
Synthesis of specific deuterium labeled tyrosine and phenylalanine derivatives and their use in the total synthesis of [8-arginine]vasopressin derivatives: the separation of diastereomeric [8-arginine]vasopressin derivatives by partition chromatography (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of specific deuterium labeled tyrosine and phenylalanine derivatives and their use in the total synthesis of [8-arginine]vasopressin derivatives: the separation of diastereomeric [8-arginine]vasopressin derivatives by partition chromatographyDiane M. Yamamoto, Donald A. Upson, David K. Linn, and Victor J. HrubyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 5, 1564–1570Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00447a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00447a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views212Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mechanism of transmembrane signaling by sensor histidine kinases (2017)

One of the major and essential classes of transmembrane (TM) receptors, present in all domains of life, is sensor histidine kinases, parts of two-component signaling systems (TCSs). The structural mechanisms of TM signaling by these sensors are poorly understood. We present crystal structures of the periplasmic sensor domain, the TM domain, and the cytoplasmic HAMP domain of the <i>Escherichia coli</i> nitrate/nitrite sensor histidine kinase NarQ in the ligand-bound and mutated ligand-free states. The structures reveal that the ligand binding induces rearrangements and pistonlike shifts of TM helices. The HAMP domain protomers undergo leverlike motions and convert these pistonlike motions into helical rotations. Our findings provide the structural framework for complete understanding of TM TCS signaling and for development of antimicrobial treatments targeting TCSs.
Chemiresistive Hydrogen Sensing with Size-Limited Palladium Nanoparticles in Iptycene-Containing Poly(arylene ether)s (2023)

Metal nanoparticles have been widely employed in chemical sensing due to their high reactivity toward various gases. The size of the metal nanoparticles often dictates their reactivity and hence their performance as chemiresistive sensors. Herein, we report that iptycene-containing poly(arylene ether)s (PAEs) have been shown to limit the growth of palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) and stabilize the Pd NPs dispersion. These porous PAEs also facilitate the efficient transport of analytes. Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)-based chemiresistors and graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs) using these PAE-supported small Pd NPs are sensitive, selective, and robust sensory materials for hydrogen gas under ambient conditions. Generalizable strategies including presorting SWCNTs with pentiptycene-containing poly(<i>p</i>-phenylene ethynylene)s (PPEs) and thermal annealing demonstrated significant improvements in the chemiresistive performance. The polymer:NP colloids produced in this study are readily synthesized and solution processable, and these methods are of general utility.
Comparison of assays for the determination of entomogenous nematode infectivity. (1992)

Injection, contact, and soil assays were used to compare infectivity of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora strain HP88 and Steinernema carpocapsae strain All to final instar Galleria mellonella larvae. Under comparable assay conditions, H. bacteriophora produced less Galleria mortality and showed greater within-assay variability in infectivity than S. carpocapsae. Injection of individual S. carpocapsae or H. bacteriophora infective juveniles into Galleria indicated that a comparatively greater percentage of S. carpocapsae was capable of initiating infection. In addition to nematode species, other major components of variability in assay estimations of nematode infectivity were number of nematodes used in the assay, assay type, date of the assay, and possibly, Galleria age.
Local Al-Alloyed Contacts for Next Generation Si Solar Cells (2009)

Driven by further decreasing the price per watt peak to reach grid parity, the crystalline silicon solar cells roadmap is moving towards thinner wafers while further increasing the efficiency. While 200 ;m is the standard thickness used in industrial solar cell production today, solar cells on silicon wafers down to 80 μm are being developed. The influence of rear-side surface recombination on the losses of the solar cell is increasing by going to thinner silicon wafer. In order to decrease this rear-side recombination, new solar cell processes with back-side passivation by a dielectric layer and locally Al-alloyed contacts are being developed. One promising approach involves the local opening of the passivation layer by laser ablation, blanket deposition of Al, and a short thermal anneal. In this paper, we studied the local Al-alloyed contacts formed in this way. We showed that Si dissolution is an important issue and we gave a qualitative explanation for the observed contact structures. Applying dielectric passivation and local Al back surface field (Al-BSF), superior results on very thin multicrystalline (mc) and mono Si solar cells have been reported recently, like 16.6% efficiency on 80 ;m thick, 78 cm2 CZ-Si (4.3 cm) [3].
Analysis of the Role of the Active Site Tyrosine in Human Glutathione Transferase A1-1 by Unnatural Amino Acid Mutagenesis (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTAnalysis of the Role of the Active Site Tyrosine in Human Glutathione Transferase A1-1 by Unnatural Amino Acid MutagenesisJon S. Thorson, Injae Shin, Eli Chapman, Gun Stenberg, Bengt Mannervik, and Peter G. SchultzView Author Information Department of Biochemistry, Uppsala University Biomedical Center, Box 576, S-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden Department of Chemistry Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 2, 451–452Publication Date (Web):January 1, 1998Publication History Received10 September 1997Published online1 January 1998Published inissue 1 January 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9731682https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9731682rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views296Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Anions,Antioxidants,Monomers,Peptides and proteins,Thiolates Get e-Alerts
Porous silicon interferometers for high-sensitivity label-free detection of biomolecules (2017)

Porous silicon (PSi) is a promising nanostructured material for label-free interferometric biosensing, though it currently suffers of restricted “real” applications in medical diagnostics. This is usually ascribed to PSi interferometer limited sensitivity due to mass-limited diffusion of (bio)molecules inside its nanopores. Here we report on a high-sensitivity label-free interferometric technique (i.e. Interferogram Average over Wavelength, IAW, reflectance spectroscopy) for, though not limited to, PSi interferometers. The IAW reflectance spectroscopy is based on the calculation of spectral interferograms obtained by subtraction of reflectance spectra acquired after interaction of target biomolecules with the PSi interferometer inner surface, from a reference reflection spectrum acquired in buffer before injection of target molecules. The IAW reflectance spectroscopy was set up studying nonpecific adsorption of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) onto oxidized PSi interferometers and then validated through the development of an aptasensor using PSi interferometers for the specific detection of Tumor Necrosis Factor a (TNFa, a sepsis biomarker). In both the cases we demonstrated that sub-nanomolar detection limits (DLs) can be achieved, which are 4 orders of magnitude lower than DLs achieved using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) reflectance spectroscopy (usually in the micromolar range), in direct label-free operation. These results open exciting perspectives for point of care (POC) analysis based on PSi interferometers, for which increasingly lower detection limits are required.