gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microglial priming through the lung—brain axis: the role of air pollution‐induced circulating factors (2016)

Air pollution is implicated in neurodegenerative disease risk and progression and in microglial activation, but the mechanisms are unknown. In this study, microglia remained activated 24 h after ozone (O3) exposure in rats, suggesting a persistent signal from lung to brain. Ex vivo analysis of serum from O3-treated rats revealed an augmented microglial proinflammatory response and β-amyloid 42 (Aβ42) neurotoxicity independent of traditional circulating cytokines, where macrophage-1 antigen-mediated microglia proinflammatory priming. Aged mice exhibited reduced pulmonary immune profiles and the most pronounced neuroinflammation and microglial activation in response to mixed vehicle emissions. Consistent with this premise, cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36)(-/-) mice exhibited impaired pulmonary immune responses concurrent with augmented neuroinflammation and microglial activation in response to O3 Further, aging glia were more sensitive to the proinflammatory effects of O3 serum. Together, these findings outline the lung-brain axis, where air pollutant exposures result in circulating, cytokine-independent signals present in serum that elevate the brain proinflammatory milieu, which is linked to the pulmonary response and is further augmented with age.-Mumaw, C. L., Levesque, S., McGraw, C., Robertson, S., Lucas, S., Stafflinger, J. E., Campen, M. J., Hall, P., Norenberg, J. P., Anderson, T., Lund, A. K., McDonald, J. D., Ottens, A. K., Block, M. L. Microglial priming through the lung-brain axis: the role of air pollution-induced circulating factors.
Modeling Two-Component Isoelectric Focusing Buffers in a Vortex-Stabilized Electrophoresis Apparatus (2004)

Defined buffer systems have been considered by researchers as replacements for synthetic carrier ampholyte mixtures in IEF in order to reduce both costs and deleterious protein-ampholyte interactions. In this paper, a mathematical model for the behavior of two-component pH gradients during IEF is applied to a vortex-stabilized electrophoresis apparatus. Equations for mass conservation, molar fluxes, and the electric field describe the behavior of the components in the electric field. Equilibrium constants are used in the model to account for interconversion between the positive, negative, and neutral states for each component. The model was applied to predict pH gradients using two different defined buffer systems. The model's predictions fell within the 95% confidence interval of a least-squares fit to the experimental pH gradients except in the regions near the ends of the pH gradients, where large pH excursions occurred during the experiments.
A Multipath Extraction-Based CSI Acquisition Method for FDD Cellular Networks With Massive Antenna Arrays (2015)

Unlocking the true potential of massive antenna arrays for cellular networks operating in frequency division duplex (FDD) mode is a challenging task as inadequate channel state information (CSI) by conventional limited-size UE feedback forces crude beamforming in downlink. This paper develops a new technique for the CSI acquisition problem of FDD massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) networks based on estimating the reciprocal characteristics of the multipath channel directly from uplink, while merely the nonreciprocal properties of the dominant propagation paths are estimated and fed back from UE. The main benefits of this technique over compressive-sensing methods include allowing single-beam pilot transmission during downlink training and relaxed UE-side computational complexity, as the full knowledge of CSI vector is no longer required at UE. The design can be accomplished by measuring the direction-of-arrival information and average powers of the dominant paths from uplink, indicating the target dominant paths to corresponding UEs, estimating and subsequently signaling the random phase information of the target paths from each UE, and reconstructing the aggregate CSI vector at eNB. The numerical evaluation results demonstrate that the proposed mechanism offers promising potential for reliable FDD operation in next generation cellular networks equipped with massive antenna arrays.
The First Total Synthesis of (±)-Saudin (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTThe First Total Synthesis of (±)-SaudinJeffrey D. Winkler and Elizabeth M. DohertyView Author Information Department of Chemistry The University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 32, 7425–7426Publication Date (Web):July 23, 1999Publication History Received14 May 1999Published online23 July 1999Published inissue 1 August 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9916198https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9916198rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4363Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Hydrocarbons,Ketones,Lactones,Pharmaceuticals,Stereochemistry Get e-Alerts
3D magnetization‐prepared imaging using a stack‐of‐rings trajectory (2010)

Efficient acquisition strategies for magnetization-prepared imaging based on the three-dimensional (3D) stack-of-rings k-space trajectory are presented in this work. The 3D stack-of-rings can be acquired with centric ordering in all three dimensions for greater efficiency in capturing the desired contrast. In addition, the 3D stack-of-rings naturally supports spherical coverage in k-space for shorter scan times while achieving isotropic spatial resolution. While non-Cartesian trajectories generally suffer from greater sensitivity to system imperfections, the 3D stack-of-rings can enhance magnetization-prepared imaging with a high degree of robustness to timing delays and off-resonance effects. As demonstrated with phantom scans, timing errors and gradient delays only cause a bulk rotation of the 3D stack-of-rings reconstruction. Furthermore, each ring can be acquired with a time-efficient retracing design to resolve field inhomogeneities and enable fat/water separation. To demonstrate its effectiveness, the 3D stack-of-rings are considered for the case of inversion-recovery-prepared structural brain imaging. Experimental results show that the 3D stack-of-rings can achieve higher signal-to-noise ratio and higher contrast-to-noise ratio within a shorter scan time when compared to the standard inversion-recovery-prepared sequence based on 3D Cartesian encoding. The design principles used for this specific case of inversion-recovery-prepared brain imaging can be applied to other magnetization-prepared imaging applications.
GAN-ON-SILICON BASEDTECHNOLOGY FORRF CELLULARAND WIMAX INFRASTRUCTURE APPLICATIONS (2006)

A GaN-on-silicon platform technology hasbeendeveloped toprovide theRF-device performance advantages ofgallium nitride combined withthemanufacturing advantages ofsilicon. A GaNFETprocess baseline hasbeenestablished tomeetthetransistor and amplifier performance demands ofUMTS andWiMaxapplications requiring higher CW powerandefficiency, higher operating voltage, broader bandwidth, higher frequency, and better linearity underW-CDMA andOFDM modulation neededbythewireless infrastructure markets. Nitronex hasusedacommonprocess baseline toscale gate peripheries, optimize internal matching networks andutilize various packaging solutions todevelop several products andinthis study wereport ontheNPT21120, NPT35010 and NPT35050whichspanperformance from2.1 - 3.5GHzandsaturated powerlevels from IOWto120W. AlGaN/GaN heterostructure field effect transistors havebeengrownandfabricated on float-zone 100mmsilicon (111) substrates bymetalorganic chemical vapor deposition [1]. Complete details ofthedevice processing havebeenpresented elsewhere [2].The baseline process includes useofsource field plates, 0.5-micron gatelengths andsource grounded backside vias.
Clinical impact of atypical endoscopic features in rectal neuroendocrine tumors (2015)

Atypical endoscopic features as well as tumor size are predictive factors of LNM in patients with rectal NETs.
Experimental and numerical investigation of laser beam-welded Al–Cu–Li joints using micro-mechanical characteristics (2022)

The local tensile mechanical properties of laser beam-welded joints of AA2198 alloy with Al–Si filler wire were experimentally investigated. For this purpose, micro-flat tensile specimens were extracted from the fusion zone and the heat-affected zone. The chemical composition of the filler wire affects the local mechanical properties in the fusion zone, showing an approximately 26% decrease in yield strength from the radiation exposure side to the weld root side. The effect of post–weld heat treatment on the tensile mechanical behavior was additionally investigated for different heat treatment artificial ageing conditions. The maximum yield strength increase was noticed for 48 h of artificial ageing for the weld root side of the fusion zone. Several approximations were proposed to correlate the hardness measurements with the local tensile mechanical properties of the welded joint that allow for a fast assessment of the global tensile mechanical behaviour of the welded joint. To evaluate the effect of (i) artificial ageing and (ii) geometrical imperfections of the weld on the mechanical behavior of the welded joint, finite element analyses were performed, using the local mechanical properties as input to the model. It is shown that the local mechanical properties of the fusion zone play a pivotal role on the strain localization and fracture of the welded joint.
KINETICS OF NONENZYMATIC BROWNING IN CHEDDAR CHEESE POWDER DURING STORAGE (1997)

Nonenzymatic browning (NEB) in Cheddar cheese powder during storage was investigated in the water activity (aw) and temperature ranges of 0.48–0.85 and 20–40C, respectively. The NEB obeyed zero-order reaction kinetics during storage. Activation energies and Q10 values were in the range of 15.1–22.3 kcal/mole and 2.2–3.5, respectively. The NEB increased with increasing temperature and storage time. There was an aw maxima at 0.63 for NEB at 20C. At 30 and 40C, NEB decreased with increasing aw. A generalized NEB model for Cheddar cheese powder during storage was developed based on Arrhenius equation to describe NEB as a function of aw and temperature. Powders stored at 20 and 30C were evaluated for quality aspects. Maximum storage stability was obtained in powders stored at aw of 0.54 at 20C for five months based on an overall desirability score of 3.5 on a 7-point scale. The average score of fresh powders were 4.7 throughout the storage study 7.
Formation of 0.1 &amp;#181;m N<sup>+</sup>/P and P<sup>+</sup>/N junctions by doped silicide technology (1985)

A new technique to form very shallow, low resistance, and high surface concentration junctions by diffusing the dopant from doped WSi <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> into the silicon has been developed. The junctions were formed by ion implanting WSi <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> films with As <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> , P <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> or B <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> which then acted as the diffusion sources. Subsequent high temperature processing simultaneously forms the junctions and ohmic contacts to the diffusion areas. N <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> /P and P <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> /N diodes with very shallow juctions have been formed by this doped silicide technology. Dopant diffusion in the WSi <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> and redistribution behavior in the SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> /WSi <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> /Si structure with a wide range of implant doses, anneal temperatures and times have been characterized.
Kapitza conductance and heat flow between solids at temperatures from 50 to 300 K (1993)

Measurements of the Kapitza conductance ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\sigma}}}_{\mathit{K}}$ made using a picosecond optical technique at temperatures between 50 and 300 K are presented for interfaces between metals and dielectrics. The Debye temperatures ${\mathit{FTHETA}}_{\mathit{D}}$ of the metals (Pb, Au, Al, and Ti) were in the range from 102 to 426 K, while those of the dielectrics (${\mathrm{BaF}}_{2}$, sapphire, and diamond) varied from 287 to 2200 K. Conductances measured between materials with ${\mathit{FTHETA}}_{\mathit{D}}$ differing by less than about a factor of 5 were found to be in reasonable agreement with calculations based on a lattice dynamical theory. However, for more widely mismatched solids the measured conductances were found to be greatly in excess of the lattice dynamical calculations. In some of these cases the conductances exceeded even the phonon radiation limit, indicating that much of the heat flow between the solids was via an inelastic channel. It was demonstrated experimentally that the inelastic channel does not involve an interaction between the phonons in the dielectric and electrons in the metal. We show that the anomalously large conductance can be understood in terms of a model in which the anharmonicity of the metal plays an important role.
F‐K domain characteristics of the seismic response of a set of parallel discrete fractures (2006)

We model seismic wave propagation in a reservoir with discrete fracture zones using a finite difference program, which implements the Coates‐Schoenberg formulation for fractured media. We study the behavior of scattered energy in the direction perpendicular and parallel to fracture strike. In the modeled data, we observe variations in the coherence of seismic energy and interference between backward and forward scattered energy. The observed scattered energy contains information about the fracture zones. We develop a method to extract the dominant coherent back sctattered energy. The fracture spacing is then estimated from the frequency wave‐number spectrum of this back scattered energy. Results show that our method gives quite accurate estimates for several different spacings.
Charge-Carrier Mobility and Localization in Semiconducting Cu2AgBiI6 for Photovoltaic Applications (2021)

Lead-free silver-bismuth semiconductors have become increasingly popular materials for optoelectronic applications, building upon the success of lead halide perovskites. In these materials, charge-lattice couplings fundamentally determine charge transport, critically affecting device performance. In this study, we investigate the optoelectronic properties of the recently discovered lead-free semiconductor Cu<sub>2</sub>AgBiI<sub>6</sub> using temperature-dependent photoluminescence, absorption, and optical-pump terahertz-probe spectroscopy. We report ultrafast charge-carrier localization effects, evident from sharp THz photoconductivity decays occurring within a few picoseconds after excitation and a rise in intensity with decreasing temperature of long-lived, highly Stokes-shifted photoluminescence. We conclude that charge carriers in Cu<sub>2</sub>AgBiI<sub>6</sub> are subject to strong charge-lattice coupling. However, such small polarons still exhibit mobilities in excess of 1 cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> at room temperature because of low energetic barriers to formation and transport. Together with a low exciton binding energy of ∼29 meV and a direct band gap near 2.1 eV, these findings highlight Cu<sub>2</sub>AgBiI<sub>6</sub> as an attractive lead-free material for photovoltaic applications.
Study of charmonium and charmonium-like contributions in B+ → J/ψηK+ decays (2022)

A bstract A study of B + → J / ψηK + decays, followed by J / ψ → μ + μ − and η → γγ, is performed using a dataset collected with the LHCb detector in proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb − 1 . The J / ψη mass spectrum is investigated for contributions from charmonia and charmonium-like states. Evidence is found for the B + → (ψ 2 (3823) → J / ψη)K + and B + → (ψ(4040) → J / ψη)K + decays with significance of 3.4 and 4.7 standard deviations, respectively. This constitutes the first evidence for the ψ 2 (3823) → J / ψη decay.
Engineering dimensionality of collective dipole-dipole interactions using a nanophotonic environment (2023)

We experimentally demonstrate reduced dimensionality in a interacting ensemble of emitters. The well-known stretched exponential decay dynamics, I ( t ) /I 0 = exp ( −γ D t ) exp ( −αt β ) with β = 0 . 5 in 3D geometries, is strikingly modified in a nanophotonic environment that supports long-range interaction to β ∼ 0.3
Redesigning Metal Interference Screws Can Improve Ease of Insertion While Maintaining Fixation of Soft‐Tissue Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Grafts (2020)

The study shows that screw designs can be improved to ease insertion into a bone tunnel, which should reduce any likelihood of ligament reconstruction graft damage.
Sputum cell mRNA transcripts demonstrate alteration of endothelin metabolism in severe asthma and COPD (2013)

Introduction Endothelin-1 is implicated in airway contraction and remodelling in asthma and exacerbations in asthma and COPD We examined the endothelin system via the sputum transcriptome of subjects with severe stable asthma and COPD Methods Normalised sputum cell RNA U133+2 transcripts from the Glasgow COPD and Asthma Biomarker cohort were analysed by Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney testing Results EDN1 was elevated in COPD and non-smokers with asthma (p=0.034 & 0.062), ECE1 in COPD and smokers with asthma (p=0.001) and CPA3 in smokers (all groups)(p=0.002) and non-smokers with asthma compared to non smokers (p Conclusion The endothelin pathway appears to be activated in both asthma and COPD. Endothelin receptor blockade may provide additional benefits to current therapies in asthma and COPD.
Release from a human monocyte‐like cell line of two different soluble forms of the lipopolysaccharide receptor, CD14 (1993)

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulates mononuclear phagocytes to synthesize and secrete immunoregulatory and inflammatory molecules such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). LPS forms complexes with either the serum protein termed LPS-binding protein or a serum factor, septin. These complexes are more stimulatory than LPS alone. The myeloid differentiation antigen CD14 is known to be the receptor for such complexes. In the present study, by using a monocytic cell line, we demonstrate the release of two different soluble forms of CD14 (sCD14) which are secreted by different mechanisms. We show that the two sCD14 forms differ in their electrophoretic mobility, two-dimensional gel electrophoretic patterns, sensitivity to endoglycosidases and peptide maps. One of the sCD14 molecules, apparent molecular mass 48 kDa, was found in supernatants of both surface iodinated and [35S]methionine biosynthetically labeled cells. The other sCD14 molecule (56 kDa) was found labeled only in supernatants of [35S]methionine-labeled cells. Furthermore, purified 48 kDa sCD14 enhanced the LPS-induced TNF-alpha and IL-6 release by the monocytic cells suggesting that a cell-surface signal transducer molecule may be involved in signaling. The data suggest a possible novel role for sCD14 in the monocyte response to LPS.
ftd (1998)

Recursive convolution provides an exact solution for interfacing reduced-order frequency domain representations with discrete time domain models of piecewise linear voltage waveforms. The state-space method is more efficient, but not exact, and can sometimes produce large time domain errors. This paper presents a new algorithm, ftd (frequency to time domain), for incorporating linear frequency domain macro-models into time domain simulators. ftd provides accuracy equivalent to recursive convolution with efficiency that is superior to the state-space methods.
QQML 2018 konferenssi Haniassa, Kreikassa - kymmenen vuotta laadullista ja määrällistä informaatioalan tutkimusta (2018)

The tenth QQML (Qualitative and Quantitative Measuring in Libraries) international conference on qualitative and quantitative measurement of libraries, was held in Chania, Greece, on 22-25 May 2018. More than two hundred conference guests from over fifty countries met at the meeting place in Chania's cultural center. The article deals with themes of the conference presentations, among others: open science, information literacy and the evaluation of library activities.
Anomalous Crystal Growth on TiO2 Thin Film Induced by the AFM Tip (2008)

Tip-induced nucleation and crystallization have been observed in polymer thin films. This work shows for the first time that it is possible to induce a rapid crystal growth on amorphous inorganic thin film using the AFM tip. The force applied on the AFM tip exerts an enormous pressure on the surface of an amorphous titania thin film. The movement of the tip displaced the spin-coated titania sol and deformed the film. The V-shaped grooves left by the passage of the tip measured 65 nm in width and penetrated 5 nm into the 15 nm thick film. Heat treatment in air at 723 K crystallizes the TiO2. Large TiO2 crystallized on the grooves compared to the surrounding film indicating an anomalous rapid crystal growth. It is speculated that the enormous tip pressure caused a local densification and structural rearrangement of the titania that presage nucleation resulting in a faster crystallization.
Development of a multichannel lock-in amplifier for Terahertz time-domain systems (2012)

A multichannel lock-in was developed for the use in a multichannel Terahertz time-domain measurement (TDS) setup. The number of channels can be scaled from 1 channel up to 128 channels regarding the application.