gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
RaaS and Hierarchical Aggregation Revisited (2017)

Consumer ratings are widely used in online marketplaces-helping vendors in assessing the quality of offerings and consumers in discovery and purchase decisions. To build trust in a marketplace, which has a direct impact on sales, an accurate assessment of ratings is essential in determining the quality of offerings. This paper proposes novel extensions to consumer Rating as a Service (RaaS)-a rating management service providing consumer rating functionality to a marketplace using hierarchical aggregation, which is a rating aggregation mechanism using hierarchical relationships of components to evaluate composite offerings. Contributions include the optimization of RaaS design for Web-scale, the integration of consumer credibility in hierarchical aggregation, and the application of hierarchical aggregation to existing independent atomic offerings. Various experiments are conducted to demonstrate the practicality of RaaS and correctness of hierarchical aggregation using real ratings from Amazon.com.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies Directed Towards the Synthesis of Taxol: Preparation of C‐13 Oxygenated Taxane Congeners. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Monolithically integrated 780-nm-band high-power and 650-nm-band laser diodes with real refractive index guided self-aligned structure (2001)

780-nm-band high-power and 650-nm-band laser diodes (LDs) with real refractive index guided self-aligned (RISA) structures are monolithically integrated for the first time. High-power and fundamental transverse mode operation at an output power of 100-mW continuous wave (CW) up to 80/spl deg/C is attained for the 780-nm-band LD. For the 650-nm-band LD, high temperature and fundamental transverse mode operation at an output power of 10-mW CW up to 80/spl deg/C is obtained.
Fiber Laser Beam Welding of Ti-6242 - Effect of Processing Parameters on Microstructural and Mechanical Properties (2016)

The present work investigates the effects of laser beam power, focus position and advance speed on the geometry, microstructure and mechanical properties of fiber laser beam welded Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo (denoted as Ti-6242) butt joints used for high temperature applications. Detailed microstructural and mechanical studies were performed on welds produced using optimized parameters (a laser beam power of 5 kW, a focus position of 0.0 mm and an advance speed of 6.2 m/min). The Ti-6242 base material is characterized by a globular (α+β) microstructure. The heat input during laser beam welding led to the formation of a martensitic α’-phase fusion zone. The heat affected zone consisted of globular grains and acicular crystallites. These local transformations were connected with a change in the micro-texture, average grain size and β-phase content. Furthermore, the microhardness increased from 330 HV 0.3 to 450 HV 0.3 due to the martensitic transformation. The mechanical behavior of the laser beam welded Ti-6242 butt joint loaded in tension was determined by the properties of the Ti-6242 base material. The local increase in hardness provided a shielding effect that protected the Ti-6242 butt joint against mechanical damage.
Development of preference for conspecific faces in human infants. (2013)

Previous studies have proposed that humans may be born with mechanisms that attend to conspecifics. However, as previous studies have relied on stimuli featuring human adults, it remains unclear whether infants attend only to adult humans or to the entire human species. We found that 1-month-old infants (n = 23) were able to differentiate between human and monkey infants' faces; however, they exhibited no preference for human infants' faces over monkey infants' faces (n = 24) and discriminated individual differences only within the category of human infants' faces (n = 30). We successfully replicated previous findings that 1-month-old infants (n = 42) preferred adult humans, even adults of other races, to adult monkeys. Further, by 3 months of age, infants (n = 55) preferred human faces to monkey faces with both infant and adult stimuli. Human infants' spontaneous preference for conspecific faces appears to be initially limited to conspecific adults and afterward extended to conspecific infants. Future research should attempt to determine whether preference for human adults results from some innate tendency to attend to conspecific adults or from the impact of early experiences with adults.
Pancreatic cancer arising in the remnant pancreas is not always a relapse of the preceding primary (2018)

This study aimed to understand the biology of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma that arises in the remnant pancreas after surgical resection of a primary pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, using integrated histological and molecular analysis. Patients who underwent a completion pancreatectomy for local recurrence following resection of a primary pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were studied with histological analysis and next-generation sequencing of the primary and the recurrent cancer. Of six patients that met the inclusion criteria, three cases were classified as "true" recurrences, i.e., the primary and the cancer in the remnant pancreas shared both morphological features and molecular alterations. Two cases were identified as having independent cancers that exhibited different histological and molecular profiles. In the remaining case, the relationship could not be determined. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma that arises in the remnant pancreas can be either a second primary or a "true" relapse of the preceding primary. The differentiation of second primaries from local recurrences may have important implications for patient management.
Spot formation and scanning microscopy via multimode fibers (2011)

By manipulating the field input to a multimode fiber, we can scan a focused spot of light in three dimensions at the fiber output. Major applications include imaging, targeted light delivery, and sensor multiplexing.
Early Feasibility Testing and Engineering Development of the Transapical Approach for the HeartWare MVAD Ventricular Assist System (2014)

Implantation of ventricular assist devices (VADs) for the treatment of end-stage heart failure (HF) falls decidedly short of clinical demand, which exceeds 100,000 HF patients per year. Ventricular assist device implantation often requires major surgical intervention with associated risk of adverse events and long recovery periods. To address these limitations, HeartWare, Inc. has developed a platform of miniature ventricular devices with progressively reduced surgical invasiveness and innovative patient peripherals. One surgical implant concept is a transapical version of the miniaturized left ventricular assist device (MVAD). The HeartWare MVAD Pump is a small, continuous-flow, full-support device that has a displacement volume of 22 ml. A new cannula configuration has been developed for transapical implantation, where the outflow cannula is positioned across the aortic valve. The two primary objectives for this feasibility study were to evaluate anatomic fit and surgical approach and efficacy of the transapical MVAD configuration. Anatomic fit and surgical approach were demonstrated using human cadavers (n = 4). Efficacy was demonstrated in acute (n = 2) and chronic (n = 1) bovine model experiments and assessed by improvements in hemodynamics, biocompatibility, flow dynamics, and histopathology. Potential advantages of the MVAD Pump include flow support in the same direction as the native ventricle, elimination of cardiopulmonary bypass, and minimally invasive implantation.
Extrusion 3D Printing of Paracetamol Tablets from a Single Formulation with Tunable Release Profiles Through Control of Tablet Geometry (2018)

An extrusion-based 3D printer was used to fabricate paracetamol tablets with different geometries (mesh, ring and solid) from a single paste-based formulation formed from standard pharmaceutical ingredients. The tablets demonstrate that tunable drug release profiles can be achieved from this single formulation even with high drug loading (> 80% w/w). The tablets were evaluated for drug release using a USP dissolution testing type I apparatus. The tablets showed well-defined release profiles (from immediate to sustained release) controlled by their different geometries. The dissolution results showed dependency of drug release on the surface area/volume (SA/V) ratio and the SA of the different tablets. The tablets with larger SA/V ratios and SA had faster drug release. The 3D printed tablets were also evaluated for physical and mechanical properties including tablet dimension, drug content, weight variation and breaking force and were within acceptable range as defined by the international standards stated in the US Pharmacopoeia. X-ray powder diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to identify the physical form of the active and to assess possible drug-excipient interactions. These data again showed that the tablets meet USP requirement. These results clearly demonstrate the potential of 3D printing to create unique pharmaceutical manufacturing, and potentially clinical, opportunities. The ability to use a single unmodified formulation to achieve defined release profiles could allow, for example, relatively straightforward personalization of medicines for individuals with different metabolism rates for certain drugs and hence could offer significant development and clinical opportunities.
A distributed system for the synchronized acquisition of fast voltage transients (2008)

Voltage transients are the main causes of complaints for medium-voltage customers, and hence interest is focused on investigation techniques able to help in classifying and localizing such events in accordance with their origin. In this light of fact, a distributed measurement system for performing synchronized acquisition of fast voltage transients is presented in this paper. The system, designed to fulfill specific constraints about the reliability of the provided information, has been used in a one-year long measurement campaign performed in a medium voltage network. The main obtained results are presented.
Supplementary Methods, Figures 1 - 3, Tables 1 - 3 from Molecular and Biologic Analysis of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors with Diverse Specificities (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 1496K, Supplementary Methods; Supplementary Figure 1: Production and characterisation of tumor cells dependent on Bcr-Abl for survival; Supplementary Figure 2: HDACi with different isoform specificities induce apoptosis of Bcr-Abl(p210) expressing cells; Supplementary Figure 3: Knockdown of HDAC6 does not induce the acetylation of histones or affect sensitivity to HDAC inhibitors; Supplementary Table 1: HDACi selectively inhibit a range of different HDACs; Supplementary Table 2: Pharmacokinetic analysis of vorinostat and MRLB-223; Supplementary Table 3: FDG uptake was measured at different times in the same animals using region of interest software (ROI) on the PET.&lt;/p&gt;
Rapid, non‐destructive, cell‐based screening assays for agents that modulate growth, death, and androgen receptor activation in prostate cancer cells (2007)

Abstract BACKGROUND We developed non‐invasive, cell‐based screening assays to rapidly and biologically assess factors that modulate prostate cancer growth and affect androgen receptor (AR) activity. METHODS LNCaP cells, which stably express enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) either constitutively or upon AR activation, were treated with a variety of agents, and then monitored by fluorescence and MTS assays for dose‐dependent changes in cell number and AR activity. RESULTS The assays were validated for rapid, fluorescence‐based, quantitative measurement for the presence of growth and AR modulators. Using these assays, we found that osteoblast conditioned media (CM) enhanced prostate cancer cell growth, but not AR activity. After priming with androgen (&lt;1 nM R1881), forskolin or the pesticide dichlorvos enhanced AR activation, whereas interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) inhibited it. CONCLUSION These non‐destructive, cell‐based assays enable rapid systematic monitoring of the effects of drugs or complex mixtures on prostate cancer cell growth and/or AR activity. Prostate 67: 416–426, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification of Metabolites of Azaperone in Horse Urineǁ⊥ (1996)

Two metabolites of the tranquilizer azaperone were extracted from alkalinized horse urine after treatment with beta-glucuronidase/sulfatase from limpets (Patella vulgata). The metabolites were identified by a combination of independent chemical synthesis and GC/MS and 1H NMR analysis. The metabolites were identified as 1-(fluorophenyl)-4-[4-(5-hydroxy-2-pyridinyl)-1-piperazinyl]-1-butanol, designated as 5'-hydroxy-azaperol, and 1-(fluorophenyl)-4-[4-(5-hydroxy-2-pyridinyl)-1-piperazinyl]-1-butanone, designated as 5'-hydroxyazaperone. A TLC screening test was developed for detecting both metabolites in basic extracts of horse urine treated with beta-glucuronidase/sulfatase. The screening test was used to detect azaperone metabolites in extracts of horse urine collected for 24 h after intravenous administration of azaperone. The administration of azaperone to horses was confirmed by GC/MS identification of 5'-hydroxyazaperone and 5'-hydroxyazaperol from basic extracts of horse urine treated with beta-glucuronidase/sulfatase. The extracted metabolites were treated with bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide to produce trimethylsilyl (TMS) ether derivatives, and mass spectra and retention times were compared to those of the synthesized metabolites treated in the same manner.
Unique NS5b Hepatitis C Virus Gene Sequence Consensus Database Is Essential for Standardization of Genotype Determinations in Multicenter Epidemiological Studies (2006)

A multicenter study of NS5b hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype determination involving 12 laboratories demonstrates that any laboratory with expertise in sequencing techniques would be able to provide a reliable HCV genotype for clinical and epidemiological purposes as long as they are provided a consensus reference sequence database.
Making Material Culture (2006)

The authors present their collaborative investigation into the creative applications of liquid crystal elastomers. They explore the process of making these new materials as well as the question of how artists and scientists can work together to develop new materials and to use them in artistic or architectural applications.
Addressing, routing, and broadcasting in hexagonal mesh multiprocessors (1990)

A family of six-regular graphs, called hexagonal meshes or H-meshes, is considered as a multiprocessor interconnection network. Processing nodes on the periphery of an H-mesh are first wrapped around to achieve regularity and homogeneity. The diameter of a wrapped H-mesh is shown to be of O(p/sup 1/2/), where p is the number of nodes in the H-mesh. An elegant, distributed routing scheme is developed for wrapped H-meshes so that each node in an H-mesh can compute shortest paths from itself to any other node with a straightforward algorithm of O(1) using the addresses of the source-destination pair only, i.e. independent of the network's size. This is in sharp contrast with those previously known algorithms that rely on using routing tables. Furthermore, the authors also develop an efficient point-to-point broadcasting algorithm for the H-meshes which is proved to be optimal in the number of required communication steps. The wrapped H-meshes are compared against some other existing multiprocessor interconnection networks, such as hypercubes, trees, and square meshes. The comparison reinforces the attractiveness of the H-mesh architecture.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Full-wave simulation of the forward scattering of sound in a structured ocean: A comparison with observations (1997)

The propagation of a 133±16-Hz acoustic signal through the eastern North Pacific Ocean is simulated over basin-scale ranges. A high angle c0-insensitive parabolic equation model is used for the simulations. The ocean environment was constructed using CTD data or climatologically averaged data from the Levitus database, along the geodesic from Kaneohe, near Oahu to the receiver, located 3709 km to the northeast. A projection of a three-dimensional frozen internal wave field is superposed. The stable earlier arrivals measured from experimental data were used as a reference anchor, and it is demonstrated that internal wave energy in addition to mesoscale structure is responsible for vertically scattering the late ‘‘axial’’ acoustic energy over 1 km.
On the Role of c-Jun in the Induction of PAI-1 Gene Expression by Phorbol Ester, Serum, and IL-1α in HepG2 Cells (1999)

We have characterized the regulation of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) gene expression by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), serum, and interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) in the human hepatoma cell line HepG2. PMA, serum, and IL-1alpha induced a rapid and transient 28-fold (PMA), 9-fold (serum), and 23-fold (IL-1alpha) increase in PAI-1 mRNA, peaking after approximately 4 hours. These inductions of PAI-1 mRNA accumulation were reduced by pretreatment of the HepG2 cells with the protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein. Conversely, stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation by sodium orthovanadate, an inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatases, caused an increase in PAI-1 mRNA levels. The effects of PMA, serum, and IL-1alpha on PAI-1 mRNA expression have been compared with their ability to modulate the expression of a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter plasmid, which was under control of the -489 to +75 region of the PAI-1 promoter, and stably transfected into HepG2 cells. This region of the PAI-1 promoter was previously found to contain a tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate-response element (TRE; between -58 and -50) necessary for PMA responsiveness and with a high affinity for c-Jun homodimers. Whereas incubation of these transfected HepG2 cells with PMA and serum showed an induction profile of CAT mRNA similar to that of PAI-1 mRNA, hardly any induction of CAT mRNA was found with IL-1alpha. In line with these findings, IL-1alpha poorly induced c-Jun homodimer binding to the PAI-1 TRE in gel mobility-shift assays. Pretreatment of HepG2 cells with the protein kinase C inhibitor Ro 31-8220 or the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPKK)1,2 activity blocker PD98059 selectively suppressed the induction of PAI-1 (and CAT) expression by PMA, but not that by IL-1alpha. In contrast, the protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor herbimycin A blocked PAI-1 mRNA induction by IL-1 alpha only. We propose 2 separate PAI-1 inductory pathways for PMA and IL-1alpha in HepG2, both involving protein tyrosine kinase activation; the serum-induced signaling pathway may (partially) overlap with the PMA-activated protein kinase C/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase pathway, leading to c-Jun homodimer binding to the PAI-1 TRE.
Collaborative Visualization of an Archaeological Excavation (2003)

Abstract We are developing a collaborative system for offsite visualization of an archaeological dig site through both virtual and augmented reality. Multiple users, wearing tracked, head-worn, see-through displays, can interact with the environment using tracked, instrumented gloves, a multi-user, multi-touch, projected table surface, large wall displays and tracked hand-held displays. We take advantage of our ongoing work on 3D multimodal interaction [14,20] to allow users to combine speech with head, hand, and arm gestures to aid them in their tasks. Although the dig site can be visualized as a purely virtual environment, when users collaborate using the projected table, their see-through head-worn displays allow them to see personalized overlaid material in context with the shared, projected table surface.
Supplementary Figure 2 from NPM-ALK Oncogenic Tyrosine Kinase Controls T-Cell Identity by Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetic Silencing in Lymphoma Cells (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from NPM-ALK Oncogenic Tyrosine Kinase Controls T-Cell Identity by Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetic Silencing in Lymphoma Cells
<title>Development of a parallel acquisition system for ultrasound research</title> (2001)

Medical ultrasound research is typically performed using either video image data, or summed Radio Frequency (RF) data. While such data has led to improved understanding of ultrasound image formation, and in the development of novel image formation and signal processing algorithms, it contains only a fraction of the information available in the individual beamformer channels before summation. This paper describes the development of an advanced experimental system which will simultaneously acquire RF data from 128 individual beamformer channels. We refer to such data, acquired across the transducer face, as aperture domain data. The system will be capable of continuous acquisition over a period of 1.6 seconds, the equivalent of 50 image frames. The system will also incorporate a data interface to allow future connection to custom processing units, ultimately enabling real-time processing of aperture domain data. The system will be constructed around a state of the art Agilent Technologies SONOS 5500 ultrasonic imaging system to enable real-time imaging and preserve broad signal bandwidth, high signal to noise ratio, and high dynamic range. The proposed system will facilitate research on adaptive imaging, system architecture, multidimensional blood flow estimation, broadband transducers, and a number of other areas.
Selectivity of DNA Replication (2004)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Biochemical and Structural Studies Use of Tailored Nucleotide Analogs to Probe DNA Polymerases Non-polar Nucleobase Surrogates Analogs with Modified Sugar Moieties Conclusions and Perspectives References Polynucleotide Polymerases
Fourier domain pump-probe optical coherence tomography: hemoglobin imaging at 830 nm (2008)

The detailed 3-D mapping of tissue microcirculation, including blood oxygen saturation and flow, would provide important biometrics needed to understand the cause and progression of numerous diseases. To that end we have started developing a two-color Fourier domain Pump-Probe Optical Coherence Tomography (PPOCT) system designed specifically to image hemoglobin with the eventual goal of measuring blood oxygen saturation. This system utilizes a two-color pump-probe scheme chosen to maximize the potential imaging depth by probing in the near IR where the tissue scattering properties are most favorable and pumping in the visible where the hemoglobin light absorption is most efficient. A sample consisting of pure hemoglobin placed between two coverslips has been used for the initial demonstration and to begin the process of optimizing the system.