gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Load Eccentricity on the Behavior of a Bolted Joint With a Yielded Fastener (2009)

A nonlinear model is proposed for studying the effect of the eccentricity of applied tensile forces on the clamp load loss in bolted joints that were initially tightened beyond the bolt elastic limit. The joint may not have been yielded at initial assembly, however. A closed form solution is obtained for the amount of clamp load loss due to a cyclic separating force. The proposed model takes into account two sources of nonlinearity; namely, the strain hardening behavior of the yielded bolt material as well as the nonlinear deformation behavior of the clamped plates under an external separating load. After the initial tightening of the fastener past its elastic limit, the subsequent application of a tensile separating force on the joint tends to increase the fastener tension in a nonlinear fashion, and simultaneously reduce the clamping force in the bolted joint from its initial value. Upon the removal of the cyclic tensile load, the bolted joint system reaches a new equilibrium point between the residual fastener tension, and the joint clamping force. At the new equilibrium point, the fastener tension is reduced from its preload due to its plastic elongation; simultaneously, a partial-yet permanent-loss in the clamp load level takes place. Excessive clamp load loss may lead to joint leakage, fastener loosening, or fatigue failure. For a known amplitude of the external cyclic tensile load, the increase in bolt tension and corresponding reduction in the joint clamp load are highly sensitive to the eccentricity of the tensile load (from the bolt center). Variables studied include the eccentricity value of the separating load, the rate of strain hardening of the bolt material, compressive and tensile stiffnesses of the clamped plates, bolt stiffness, bolt preload, and the magnitude of the separating tensile load.
Plasma Amino Acid Coatings for a Conformal Growth of Titania Nanoparticles (2010)

We report on the conformal synthesis of ultrathin films from the amino acid histidine on flat silicon substrates and 3D periodic polymer structures via plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. We demonstrate the efficient utilization of this functional amino acid nanocoating for the formation of individual titania nanoparticles with dimensions from 2 to 15 nm depending upon reduction conditions. The titania nanoparticles were grown directly on histidine-functionalized planar and 3D polymer substrates by a wet-chemistry method that showed uniform surface coverage that reached approximately 75%. This approach demonstrates the potential for modifying the optical properties of periodic porous polymeric structures via direct conformal growth of titania nanoparticles.
Dissecting the role of lysin motif receptor-like kinases (LYKs) in chitin-triggered immunity in grapevine (2016)

SPE IPM UB SPE CT1
Green Photoluminescence from GaInN Photonic Crystals (2008)

We have investigated green-emitting GaInN two-dimensional photonic crystals with air holes that penetrate through the active layer. At room temperature, the observed photoluminescence intensity from the photonic crystal is approximately three times that of a sample with no photonic crystal structure. This is due to the low surface recombination velocity (1.4×103 cm/s) of GaInN at the air hole edges and a higher degree of light extraction by the diffraction effect.
Multifidelity DDDAS Methods with Application to a Self-aware Aerospace Vehicle (2014)

A self-aware aerospace vehicle can dynamically adapt the way it performs missions by gather-ing information about itself and its surroundings and responding intelligently. We consider the specific challenge of an unmanned aerial vehicle that can dynamically and autonomously sense its structural state and re-plan its mission according to its estimated current structural health. The challenge is to achieve each of these tasks in real time—executing online models and ex-ploiting dynamic data streams—while also accounting for uncertainty. Our approach combines information from physics-based models, simulated offline to build a scenario library, together with dynamic sensor data in order to estimate current flight capability. Our physics-based models analyze the system at both the local panel level and the global vehicle level. Keywords: 1
Interferometric modeling of wave propagation in inhomogeneous elastic media using time reversal and reciprocity (2006)

Abstract Time reversal of arbitrary, elastodynamic wavefields in partially open media can be achieved by measuring the wavefield on a surface surrounding the medium and applying the time reverse of those measurements as a boundary condition. We use a representation theorem to derive an expression for the time-reversed wavefield at arbitrary points in the interior. When this expression is used to compute, in a second point, the time-reversed wavefield originating from a point source, the time-reversed Green's function between the two points is observed. By invoking reciprocity, we obtain an expression that is suitable for modeling of wave propagation through the medium. From this we develop an efficient and flexible two-stage modeling scheme. In the initial phase, the model is illuminated systematically from a surface surrounding the medium using a sequence of conventional forward-modeling runs. Full waveforms are stored for as many points in the interior as possible. In the second phase, Green's functions between arbitrary points in the volume can be computed by crosscorrelation and summation of data computed in the initial phase. We illustrate the method with a simple acoustic example and then apply it to a complex region of the elastic Pluto model. It is particularly efficient when Green's functions are desired between a large number of points, but where there are few common source or receiver points. The method relies on interference of multiply scattered waves, but it is stable. We show that encoding the boundary sources using pseudonoise sequences and exciting them simultaneously, akin to daylight imaging, is inefficient and in all explored cases leads to relatively high-noise levels.
Self-supervised Training of Proposal-based Segmentation via Background Prediction (2019)

While supervised object detection methods achieve impressive accuracy, they generalize poorly to images whose appearance significantly differs from the data they have been trained on. To address this in scenarios where annotating data is prohibitively expensive, we introduce a self-supervised approach to object detection and segmentation, able to work with monocular images captured with a moving camera. At the heart of our approach lies the observation that segmentation and background reconstruction are linked tasks, and the idea that, because we observe a structured scene, background regions can be re-synthesized from their surroundings, whereas regions depicting the object cannot. We therefore encode this intuition as a self-supervised loss function that we exploit to train a proposal-based segmentation network. To account for the discrete nature of object proposals, we develop a Monte Carlo-based training strategy that allows us to explore the large space of object proposals. Our experiments demonstrate that our approach yields accurate detections and segmentations in images that visually depart from those of standard benchmarks, outperforming existing self-supervised methods and approaching weakly supervised ones that exploit large annotated datasets.
Temporal Analysis of Brd4 Displacement in the Control of B Cell Survival, Proliferation, and Differentiation (2020)

JQ1 is a BET-bromodomain inhibitor that has immunomodulatory effects. However, the precise molecular mechanism that JQ1 targets to elicit changes in antibody production is not understood. Our results show that JQ1 induces apoptosis, reduces cell proliferation, and as a consequence, inhibits antibody-secreting cell differentiation. ChIP-sequencing reveals a selective displacement of Brd4 in response to acute JQ1 treatment (<2 h), resulting in specific transcriptional repression. After 8 h, subsequent alterations in gene expression arise as a result of the global loss of Brd4 occupancy. We demonstrate that apoptosis induced by JQ1 is solely attributed to the pro-apoptotic protein Bim (Bcl2l11). Conversely, cell-cycle regulation by JQ1 is associated with multiple Myc-associated gene targets. Our results demonstrate that JQ1 drives temporal changes in Brd4 displacement that results in a specific transcriptional profile that directly affects B cell survival and proliferation to modulate the humoral immune response.
A reference panel of 64,976 haplotypes for genotype imputation (2020)

We describe a reference panel of 64,976 human haplotypes at 39,235,157 SNPs constructed using whole genome sequence data from 20 studies of predominantly European ancestry. Using this resource leads to accurate genotype imputation at minor allele frequencies as low as 0.1%, a large increase in the number of SNPs tested in association studies and can help to discover and refine causal loci. We describe remote server resources that allow researchers to carry out imputation and phasing consistently and efficiently.
Nanojet-based dielectric multimaterial color splitters for image sensor applications (2020)

In this work we have developed new type of color splitters, which separate spectrally and spatially the light reaching image sensors by exploiting the nanojet (NJ) beam phenomenon. The goal is to channel respective R, G and B (red, green and blues) spectra to corresponding pixels, and to replace absorbant color filters for a better light efficiency management. The proposed method relies on light diffraction on the edges of constitutive parts of the studied multimaterial elements. Diffraction of light on the edge of a dielectric microstructure forms a tilted focused beam whose characteristics depend on the ratio of refractive indexes between the materials of the elements creating this edge. Combination of two or more dielectric materials with different refractive indexes leads to the creation of multiple NJs with different angles of deviation, lengths and intensities. The possibility to split color-bands of the incident light by combining two or more dielectric materials is discussed. In this way the generated NJ beams create a spectrally dependent NJ pattern in the near zone. We demonstrate that the proposed topologies of multi-material microlenses help to reduce the size of the color splitting element as well as the optical crosstalk through the dielectric layer.
Transurethral incision versus resection of the prostate for small to medium benign prostatic hyperplasia (1998)

Transurethral resection is preferable to transurethral incision of the prostate in the treatment of small to medium benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Combining Genomic Profiling (70 Gene-Mammaprint) with Nodal Status Allows To Classify Patients with Primary Breast Cancer and Positive Lymph Nodes (1-9) into Very Distinct Prognostic Subgroups That Could Help Tailor Treatment Strategies. (2009)

Abstract OBJECTIVESThe axillary lymph node (LN) status is considered to be one of the most important factors for chemotherapy decision-making of operable breast cancer patients (pts). It is commonly agreed that combination therapies with taxane-containing regimens should be recommended for these pts, whereas high-dose regimens have failed to provide further improvement for pts clinically considered at high-risk.It has previously been shown that the 70-gene profile (MammaPrint®TM), which was developed in node-negative patients is excellent in predicting disease outcome in pts with 1-3 positive nodes and similarly in pts with 4-9 positive-nodes. Further analysis based on adjuvant treatment received and pooled analysis of the 2 LN positive series was performed in order to assess the prognostic added-value of genomic profiling in LN positive pts.METHODS Frozen tumor samples from breast cancer pts with positive LN coming from 2 hospitals were selected in consecutive series (1-3 LN, 4-9 LN; all female, diagnosed between 1984 and 1995, primary invasive breast carcinoma, unilateral T1, T2 or operable T3, mastectomy or breast-conserving therapy, no prior malignancies, fresh frozen tumor material available). Samples were evaluated by gene expression profiling for the 70-gene profile and were classified as genomic high risk (poor prognosis) or genomic low risk (good prognosis).RESULTS A total of 519 pts have been analyzed: 346 with 1-3 positive LN (PN1) and 173 with 4-9 positive LN (PN2). Among them, 212 (41%) had the 70-gene good prognosis-profile and 307 (59%) had the 70-gene poor prognosis-profile (strictly equal proportions among the 2 LN groups). Median follow-up was 10.3 years: distant metastases occurred in 141 patients (116 as first event) and 103 (20 %) died of their disease. Distance metastases as first event and breast cancer specific survival according to LN group (PN) and genomic profile (MP) are shown in Figures 1 and 2.CONCLUSION Our data show that the 70-gene profile is a strong prognostic marker of distant recurrence and breast specific death in breast cancer patients with positive LN. Combining nodal status (1-3 nodes vs. 4-9 nodes) and 70-gene profile (good vs. poor) allows stratifying patients among subgroups for whom tailored treatment strategies should be designed and assessed based on their very different outcome. Pts with elevated number of lymph nodes and high genomic risk have a very poor prognosis and might need to be considered for stronger treatment strategies. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 102.
A multicenter phase II study of istiratumab (MM-141) plus nab-paclitaxel (A) and gemcitabine (G) in metastatic pancreatic cancer (MPC). (2016)

TPS481 Background: Despite recent advances in the treatment of MPC, overall prognosis for patients remains poor. This may be attributed in part to the ability of pancreatic tumors to co-opt growth factor signaling pathways to counteract the activity of chemotherapy. We previously demonstrated that IGF-1 and heregulin, the ligands for IGF-1R and ErbB3, respectively, can decrease the cytotoxic activity of A/G (JCO 33 2015 s3 a289). Additionally, co-expression of IGF-1R and ErbB3 is known to be associated with poor survival prognosis in MPC patients (JCO 33 2015 s3 a295). Istiratumab, a fully human bispecific antibody directed at IGF-1R and ErbB3, produced significant tumor regression, including durable complete responses, when combined with A/G in preclinical models of pancreatic cancer, and has been shown to be safe and tolerable in a Phase 1 study (JCO 33 2015 s3 a384). On these bases, the current Phase 2 study was developed to evaluate istiratumab plus A/G in pts with MPC. Methods: Eligible patients have biopsy-confirmed MPC, ECOG PS 0-1, no prior therapy for advanced disease, and elevated serum levels of free IGF-1 (estimated to be ~40% of all screened patients). The study design includes two parts: Part 1 (n = 12) is an open-label assessment of the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of a fixed dose of istiratumab (2.8 grams IV q 2 weeks) in combination with A/G; in Part 2 (n = 146), pts are randomized 1:1 to receive A/G plus either istiratumab or placebo. The primary objective of Part 2 is to compare progression free survival (PFS) between the two treatment arms in two distinct cohorts: a) patients with high free serum IGF-1 levels (i.e., the entire study cohort), and b) patients with both high free serum IGF-1 levels and positive expression of heregulin in tumor tissue. Additional objectives include safety, overall survival, PK and immunogenicity analyses of istiratumab, and correlative analyses of pre-defined biomarkers and their potential correlation with study outcomes. The study is designed with 80% power to detect a hazard ratio of 0.63 in favor of the experimental arm (8 vs 5 months) at a one-sided significance level of 0.05. The study has been open to enrollment as of September 2015. Clinical trial information: NCT02399137.
Performance of Multisite Silicon Microprobes Implanted Chronically in the Ventral Cochlear Nucleus of the Cat (2007)

A central auditory prosthesis based on microstimulation within the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN) offers a means of restoring hearing to persons whose auditory nerve has been destroyed bilaterally and cannot benefit from cochlear implants. Arrays of silicon probes with 16 stimulating sites were implanted into the VCN of adult cats, for up to 314 days. Compound neuronal responses evoked from the sites in the VCN were recorded periodically in the central nucleus of the contralateral inferior colliculus (ICC). The threshold and growth of most of the responses were stable for at least 250 days after implantation of the arrays. The responses evoked from the deepest and shallowest electrode sites did exhibit some changes over time but none of the thresholds exceeded 10 microA. The thresholds and growth of the compound responses from most of the stimulating sites were very stable over time, and comparable to those of chronically implanted single-site iridium microelectrodes. Multiunit neuronal activity evoked from the stimulating sites in the VCN was recorded along the dorsolateral-ventromedial (DLVM) axis of the ICC. The distribution, span and degree of overlap of the multiunit activity demonstrated the utility of the multisite, multishank array configuration as a means of accessing the neuronal populations in the VCN that encode various acoustic frequencies. These findings are encouraging for the prospects of developing an auditory prosthesis employing multi-site silicon microprobes.
Complex formation equilibria of CuIIand ZnIIwith triethylenetetramine and its mono- and di-acetyl metabolites (2012)

Triethylenetetramine (TETA) dihydrochloride, or trientine, is a therapeutic molecule that has long been used as a copper-chelating agent for the second-line treatment of patients with Wilson's disease. More recently, it has also been employed as an experimental therapeutic molecule in diabetes where it improves cardiac structure in patients with diabetic cardiomyopathy and left-ventricular hypertrophy. TETA is metabolized by acetylation, which leads to the formation of two main metabolites in humans and other mammals, monoacetyl-TETA (MAT) and diacetyl-TETA (DAT). These metabolites have been identified in the plasma and urine of healthy and diabetic subjects treated with TETA, and could themselves play a role in TETA-mediated copper chelation and restoration of physiological copper regulation in diabetes. In this regard, a potentiometric and spectrophotometric study of Cu(II)-complex formation equilibria of TETA, MAT and DAT is presented here, to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the stoichiometries of the complexes formed and of their relative stability constants. A potentiometric study has also been conducted on the corresponding Zn(II) complexes, to evaluate any possible interference with TETA-mediated Cu(II) binding by this second physiological transition-metal ion, which is present in similar concentrations in human plasma and which also binds to TETA. An ESI-MS study of these systems has both confirmed the complex formation mechanisms established from the potentiometric and spectrophotometric results, and in addition provided direct information on the stoichiometry of the complexes formed in solution. These data when taken together show that the 1 : 1 complexes formed with Cu(II) and Zn(II) have different degrees of protonation. The stability of the Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes with the three ligands, evaluated by the parameters pCu and pZn, decreases with the introduction of the acetyl groups. Nevertheless the stability of Cu(II) complexes with MAT is sufficiently high to enable its participation in copper scavenging from the patient. A speciation study of the behavior of TETA and MAT with Cu(II) in the presence of Zn(II) at peri-physiological plasma concentrations is also presented. While Zn(II) did not hinder copper binding, the possibility is raised that prolonged TETA treatment could possibly alter the homeostatic regulation of this essential metal ion. The lack of reliable literature stability constants concerning the Cu(II) and Zn(II) interaction with the major transport proteins in plasma is also briefly considered.
Coalition formation through learning in autonomic networks (2009)

Autonomic networks rely on the cooperation of participating nodes for almost all their functions. However, due to resource constraints, nodes are generally selfish and try to maximize their own benefit when participating in the network. Therefore, it is important to study mechanisms, which can be used as incentives for cooperation inside the network. In this paper, the interactions among nodes are modelled as games. A node joins a coalition if it decides to cooperate with at least one node in the coalition. The dynamics of coalition formation proceed via nodes that interact strategically and adapt their behavior to the observed behavior of others. We present conditions that the coalition formed is stable in terms of Nash stability and the core of the coalitional game.
PLLA Mesophase and Its Phase Transition Behavior in the PLLA−PEG−PLLA Copolymer As Revealed by Infrared Spectroscopy (2010)

A detailed analysis of the IR spectrum of melt-quenched PLLA−PEG−PLLA sample and its change with temperature is presented. It was found that, in the initial state of the melt-quenched PLLA−PEG−PLLA sample, the PLLA constituent does not exist as a normal amorphous or crystalline phase but as a kind of mesophase, which is confirmed by the WAXD data. The IR data suggest that both chain conformation and chain packing are disordered to some extent in such a mesophase. Therefore, this mesophase is less thermally stable than the ordered α phase and even the disordered α phase (α′) of PLLA. In the heating process, the mesophase of PLLA in the PLLA−PEG−PLLA copolymer starts the partial melt first upon heating in a stepwise way, and subsequently it is reorganized directly into the stable α phase but not through the α′ phase of PLLA. These phase transition behaviors are examined and discussed at the molecular functional group level.
A worst case timing analysis technique for optimized programs (2002)

We propose a technique to analyze the worst case execution times (WCETs) of optimized programs. Our work is based on a hierarchical timing analysis technique called the extended timing schema (ETS). A major hurdle in applying the ETS to optimized programs is the lack of correspondences in the control structure between the optimized machine code to be analyzed and the original source program written in a high-level programming language. We suggest a compiler-assisted approach where a timing analyzer relies on an optimizing compiler for a consistent hierarchical representation and an accurate source-level correspondence that are essential for accurate WCET analysis for optimized programs. In order to validate the proposed approach, we implemented a proof-of-concept version of a timing analyzer for a 256-bit VLIW processor and compared the analysis results with the simulation results. The experimental results show that the proposed solution can accurately predict the WCETs of highly-optimized VLIW programs.
Raman backscattering from subpicosecond laser pulses in a relativistic laser-plasma interaction (2024)

Abstract Not Provided