gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dielectric response characterization of in-service aged sheds of (U) HVDC silicone rubber composite insulators (2016)

Investigations of bulk dielectric properties of specimens extracted from in-service aged and aged UHVDC composite insulator sheds are reported in this paper. The program of the study included measurements of DC conductivity and complex permittivity at frequency range 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-4</sup> -10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> Hz at various temperatures in dry and wet (water immersion) conditions. The obtained results are analyzed by considering a combination of relations describing various dielectric relaxation modes in dielectrics, included three Cole-Cole types of responses and a hopping process. The hopping has the strongest impact on the responses in the whole frequency range. Two of the Cole-Cole responses appearing in the low frequency range are attributed to Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars relaxations at macroscopic and mesoscopic levels; first one representing interfacial polarization at the border between specimen and air gap in the electrode arrangement, while the second one is attributed to the charge relaxation at filler boundaries and internal cavities in the polymeric materials. The third Cole-Cole process, active at higher frequencies, is considered as a sign of polymer degradation, as it shifts with the ageing to higher frequencies. Based on the results of this study, it is claimed that dielectric response measurements on specimens of in-service aged composite insulator sheds can provide useful information on the degree of material degradation. In addition, a water immersion test in combination with such measurements may be a good way to enhancing the observed changes.
Local photoreceptor degeneration causes local pathophysiological remodeling of retinal neurons (2019)

Vision loss in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) stems from disruption of photoreceptor cells in the macula, the central retinal area required for high-acuity vision. Mice and rats have no macula, but surgical insertion of a subretinal implant can induce localized photoreceptor degeneration due to chronic separation from retinal pigment epithelium, simulating a key aspect of AMD. We find that the implant-induced loss of photoreceptors in rat retina leads to local changes in the physiology of downstream retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), similar to changes in RGCs of rodent models of retinitis pigmentosa (RP), an inherited disease causing retina-wide photoreceptor degeneration. The local implant-induced changes in RGCs include enhanced intrinsic excitability leading to accelerated spontaneous firing, increased membrane permeability to fluorescent dyes, and enhanced photosensitization by azobenzene photoswitches. The local physiological changes are correlated with an increase in retinoic acid receptor-induced (RAR-induced) gene transcription, the key process underlying retinal remodeling in mouse models of RP. Hence the loss of photoreceptors, whether by local physical perturbation or by inherited mutation, leads to a stereotypical set of pathophysiological consequences in RGCs. These findings implicate RAR as a possible common therapeutic target for reversing the signal-corrupting effects of retinal remodeling in both RP and AMD.
Molecular Characterization of Murine Pancreatic Phospholipase A 2 (2001)

The pancreatic secretory phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)IB) is considered to be a digestive enzyme, although it has several important receptor-mediated functions. In this study, using the newly isolated murine sPLA(2)IB cDNA clone as a probe, we demonstrate that in addition to the pancreas, the sPLA(2)IB mRNA was expressed in extrapancreatic organs such as the liver, spleen, duodenum, colon, and lungs. We also demonstrate that sPLA(2)IB mRNA expression was detectable from the 17(th) day of gestation in the developing mouse fetus, coinciding with the time of completion of differentiation of the pancreas. Furthermore, the mRNA expression pattern of sPLA(2)IB was distinct from those of sPLA(2)IIA and cPLA(2) in various tissues examined. The murine sPLA(2)IB gene structure is well conserved, consistent with findings in other mammalian species, and this gene mapped to the region of mouse chromosome 5F1-G1.1. Taken together, our results suggest that sPLA(2)IB plays important roles both in the pancreas and in extrapancreatic tissues and that in the mouse, its expression is developmentally regulated.
Comparative Analysis of Microbial Communities in Fronds and Roots of Three Duckweed Species: <i>Spirodela polyrhiza</i>, <i>Lemna minor</i>, and <i>Lemna aequinoctialis</i> (2020)

The microbial communities inhabiting the fronds of duckweeds have not been investigated in as much detail as those on the roots. We herein examined the microbial communities in three duckweed species using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and compared them to those on the roots. The microbial compositions of the fronds were distinct from those of the roots in the three species. Various types of taxonomic bacteria, including rarely cultivated phyla, Acidobacteria, Armatimonadetes, and Verrucomicrobia, were also isolated from the fronds, but at a slightly lower abundance than those from the roots. These results suggest that duckweed fronds are an alternative source for isolating rare and novel microbes, which may otherwise be recalcitrant to cultivation using conventional strategies.
(Invited) Band-Engineered Ge-On-Si Lasers for Integrated Photonics (2010)

Electronic-photonic synergy has become an increasingly clear solution to enhance the bandwidth and improve the energy efficiency of information systems. Monolithic lasers on silicon are ideal for large scale electronic-photonic integration. Germanium is a particularly interesting candidate for this application due to its pseudo-direct gap behavior in the near infrared regime for optical communications and compatibility with advanced silicon complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. In this paper, we review theoretical modeling and experimental studies on optical gain and lasing from monolithic epitaxial Ge-on-Si devices band-engineered by tensile strain and n-type doping to compensate the energy difference between the direct and indirect conduction valleys. Demonstrations of optical gain and lasing at room temperature indicate that the Ge-on-Si laser is a promising candidate for monolithic electronic-photonic integrated circuits.
Position control in lithographic equipment (2013)

In IC manufacturing, lithographic scanners expose a circuit pattern onto a semiconductor wafer by means of an optical system. The stage holding the wafer must have a scanning position accuracy of only a few nanometers to support imaging and overlay requirements. In the past 10 years, stage acceleration, position error and settling time have all improved 5-8 times. Compared to lithographic steppers of 25 years ago, the number of controlled stage axes has grown from 3 (analog) to 50 (high-speed digital).
Advanced Gas Separation Membrane Materials: Rigid Aromatic Polyimides (1988)

Abstract Permeabilities, solubilities, diffusivities, and selectivities for He/CH4 and CO2/CH4 gas pairs are reported for four aromatic polyimides having systematic variations in intersegrnental packing and intrasegmental mobility. As intersegmental packing is disrupted by bulky substituents, gas diffusivities are generally increased, but diffusivity selectivities of He/CH4 and CO2/CH4 are correspondingly decreased. Simultaneous suppression of intrasegmental mobility and intersegmental packing, however, yields significant increases in both diffusivity and diffusivity selectivity, and consequently in permeability and permselectivity. For example, packing-disrupted and mobility-restricted 6FDA-DAF polyimide provides significantly higher permeabilities and permselectivities than commercially available polymers currently being used as membrane materials.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Facile Synthesis of 4‐Oxo‐1,4‐dihydrocinnolines. (1987)

Abstract The 2‐(2‐aminoaryl)‐2‐oxoethylidenephosphoranes (III) are prepared from the anthranilates (I) and the methylenephosphorane (II) or from the o‐nitroaroyl chlorides (IV) and tert‐butoxycarbonylmethylenephosphorane (V).
Present Status of Clinical Cytopathology of Respiratory Organs (2007)

目的．末梢性小型肺野病変は，画像診断の進歩により病理細胞学的な診断を得ずに切除されることが多くなってきた．我々は迅速細胞診のテクニックを用い，術前診断能の向上と術中予後情報の提供を行っている．方法と結果．気管支鏡検査の際には，検査場で1分間で染色できる迅速ショール染色変法を行い，陰性であれば極細径気管支鏡下の4回生検を行っている．このことにより2 cm以下肺癌例の診断率は64％から92％に向上した．また2 cm以下腺癌の術中捺印細胞診を5型に分類し，予後との関連性を明らかにした．今後術中に迅速報告することにより，縮小手術の術中適応の補助診断に応用可能か検討中である．結論．呼吸器細胞診は，適切な標本作製さえ行えば，様々な情報を速やかに提供することが可能である．
Improved Experimental Characterisation of Cement/Rubber Zonal Isolation Materials (2000)

Abstract Recently, various companies published sophisticated design methodologies to engineer the ‘cement’ sheath in a oil/gas well completion such that the zonal isolation would remain intact (i.e. pressure tight) during its projected lifetime. Loading within a prescribed design envelope (e.g. pressure and/or thermal cycling or mechanical compaction processes) are the main considerations. Improved performance of a candidate zonal isolation material is achieved by adjusting its material properties, especially the Young's modulus and the compressibility. These earlier studies indicated that apart from a proper mechanical characterisation of the ‘cement sheath’ (preferably described by non-linear material models), the in-situ stresses in the ‘cement’ play a prominent role as well. The latter are influenced by the volumetric behaviour of the slurry during setting and the thermal expansion coefficient of the set ‘cement’. However, often these parameters are not known for ‘real life’ well construction materials. Therefore, Shell International E &amp; P B.V., the Netherlands, decided to design and construct dedicated laboratory equipment to determine those parameters for commercial ‘cement’ formulations at conditions encountered in typical well completions. A first feature of this unique system (which can operate at pressures up to 1500 Bar and temperatures up to 300 ° C) is to monitor i) the progress of the ‘setting’ reaction of Oil Well Cements and or thermosetting resins, ii) their reaction behaviour (from the onset of gelling to the ‘final set’) and iii) the softening or swelling phenomena encountered in thermoplastic and thermoset materials. The apparatus has inter alia the same functionality as conventional API Cement Consistometers or Ultrasonic Cement Analysers. However, it can also be used in combination with self-vulcanising rubbers, that cannot be used in the conventional API devices. A second aspect of the apparatus is the determination of the volume changes (at constant pressure) or alternatively the pressure changes (at constant volume), during setting of the cement (or resin) system. All measurements can be performed at either isothermal conditions or for prescribed temperature sweeps over time. Either volumetric properties (shrinkage or expansion) or compressibilities of cements / resin systems can be measured in a time frame ranging from the onset of gelling to far beyond ‘final set’. In yet another operational mode, the volume change of set materials as a function of temperature (i.e. their volumetric thermal expansion coefficient) can be quantified. In addition to a review of the principles of this novel apparatus, this paper also presents a typical application of the data in a Plug and Abandonment design (i.e. the Finite Element Engineering design of a thermally pre-stressed ‘rubber’ abandonment plug).
PD42-09 TUMOR CONTACT LENGTH ON MULTIPARAMETRIC MRI PREDICTS HIGH RISK PATHOLOGY AT RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY (2016)

in the techniques and reporting are a concern. The Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative (MUSIC) is a statewide consortium of diverse urology practices working to improve the quality of urologic care in Michigan. MUSIC piloted a program to determine the ability to obtain information from mpMRI currently performed statewide.
Functional Regulation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells by PDGF-D (2014)

Platelet-derived growth factor-D (PDGF-D) was recently identified, and acts as potent mitogen for mesenchymal cells. PDGF-D also induces cellular transformation and promotes tumor growth. However, the functional role of PDGF-D in adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) has not been identified. Therefore, we primarily investigated the autocrine and paracrine roles of PDGF-D in this study. Furthermore, we identified the signaling pathways and the molecular mechanisms involved in PDGF-D-induced stimulation of ASCs. It is of interest that PDGF-B is not expressed, but PDGF-D and PDGF receptor-β are expressed in ASCs. PDGF-D showed the strongest mitogenic effect on ASCs, and PDGF-D regulates the proliferation and migration of ASCs through the PI3K/Akt pathways. PDGF-D also increases the proliferation and migration of ASCs through generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) and mitochondrial fission. mtROS generation and fission were mediated by p66Shc phosphorylation, and BCL2-related protein A1 and Serpine peptidase inhibitor, clade E, member 1 mediated the proliferation and migration of ASCs. In addition, PDGF-D upregulated the mRNA expression of diverse growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor A, fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1), FGF5, leukemia inhibitory factor, inhibin, beta A, interleukin 11, and heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor. Therefore, the preconditioning of PDGF-D enhanced the hair-regenerative potential of ASCs. PDGF-D-induced growth factor expression was attenuated by a pharmacological inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. In summary, PDGF-D is highly expressed by ASCs, where it acts as a potent mitogenic factor. PDGF-D also upregulates growth factor expression in ASCs. Therefore, PDGF-D can be considered a novel ASC stimulator, and used as a preconditioning agent before ASC transplantation.
Investigating a Sparse Peripheral Display in a Head-Mounted Display for VR Locomotion (2018)

Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs) provide immersive experiences for virtual reality. However, their field of view (FOV) is still relatively small compared to the human eye, which adding sparse peripheral displays (SPDs) could address. We designed a new SPD, SparseLightVR2, which increases the HMD's FOV to 180° horizontally. We evaluated SparseLightVR2 with a study (N=29) by comparing three conditions: 1) no SPD, where the peripheral display (PD) was inactive; 2) extended SPD, where the PD provided visual cues consistent with and extending the HMD's main screen; and 3) counter-vection SPD, where the PD's visuals were flipped horizontally during VR travel to provide optic flow in the opposite direction of the travel. The participants experienced passive motion on a linear path and reported introspective measures such as sensation of self-motion. Results showed, compared to no SPD, both extended and counter-vection SPDs provided a more natural experience of motion, while extended SPD also enhanced vection intensity and believability of movement. Yet, visually induced motion sickness (VIMS) was not affected by display condition. To investigate the reason behind these non-significant results, we conducted a follow-up study and had users increase peripheral counter-vection visuals on the central HMD screen until they nulled out vection. Our results suggest extending HMDs through SPDs enhanced vection, naturalness, and believability of movement without enhancing VIMS, but reversed SPD motion cues might not be strong enough to reduce vection and VIMS.
Secure execution of Java applets using a remote playground (2000)

Mobile code presents a number of threats to machines that execute it. We introduce an approach for protecting machines and the resources they hold from mobile code and describe a system based on our approach for protecting host machines from Java 1.1 applets. In our approach, each Java applet downloaded to the protected domain is rerouted to a dedicated machine (or set of machines), the playground, at which it is executed. Prior to execution, the applet is transformed to use the downloading user's Web browser as a graphics terminal for its input and output, and so the user has the illusion that the applet is running on his own machine. In reality, however, mobile code runs only in the sanitized environment of the playground, where user files cannot be mounted and from which only limited network connections are accepted by machines in the protected domain. Our playground thus provides a second level of defense against mobile code that circumvents language-based defenses. This paper presents the design and implementation of a playground for Java 1.1 applets and discusses extensions of it for other forms of mobile code, including Java 1.2.
Basic Ammonothermal Growth of GaN in Silver Lined Autoclave (2014)

Gallium Nitride (GaN) and its alloys form a promising material system for optoelectronic and electronic devices. Heteroepitaxial growth of GaN on sapphire and SiC, while viable, introduces threading dislocations (between 1E8 – 1E11 cm^-2), mismatches in thermal expansion coefficients, and limitations on available growth orientations other than the polar, &lt;0001&gt; directions. With a push towards longer wavelengths, higher output powers at higher efficiencies with reduced droop for LEDs, non-polar and semi-polar oriented devices are becoming increasingly important, though need currently lacking, large area, bulk GaN substrates. A solution is the ammonothermal growth technique, which entails dissolving a GaN feedstock in a supercritical ammonia solution containing sodium (P &lt; 270 MPa, T = 500–600 °C) and re-crystallizing the material on a GaN seed. Improvements in growth rate are needed to reduce cost and increase throughput. To that end, an ultra high purity (UHP) growth environment was created within a typical Ni-Cr superalloy autoclave by introducing a silver capsule. 40 basic ammonothermal growth runs were performed on hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) GaN seed crystals. The capsule design significantly reduced concentrations of transition metals in the GaN crystals (&lt;1x1E17 cm^-3) while improving the transparency to α(450 nm) = 2.2 cm^-1. Total growth rates improved from 200 to 344 1 30 μm/day for c-plane and from 34 to 46 1 2 μm/day for m-plane growth. Degradation in crystal quality based on the full width at half maximum of the ω-rocking curve using X-ray diffraction when compared to the seed crystal was only observed for Ga-face growth on c-plane oriented seeds, presumably due to poor nucleation. Cracking in thick growth layers was observed due to strain originating from the HVPE seed crystals. Differences in the total system pressure profiles were analyzed and the observed pressure drop due to outward diffusion of hydrogen during growth was modeled.
Supplementary Table 1 from Impaired IFN-α Production by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Favors Regulatory T-cell Expansion That May Contribute to Breast Cancer Progression (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 77K, Correlations between tumor characteristics and TA(p/m)DC.&lt;/p&gt;
Preparation of Bis-Pocket Porphyrins with Carboxylic Acid Synthons (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of Bis-Pocket Porphyrins with Carboxylic Acid SynthonsZeev Gross and Iris ToledanoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 26, 8312–8315Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00105a068https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00105a068research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views291Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Interaction of first row transition metals with α1-3, α1-6 mannotriose and conserved trimannosyl core oligosaccharides: A comparative electrospray ionization study of doubly and singly charged complexes (1997)

Electrospray ionization and tandem mass spectrometry were used in the analysis of metalcoordinated oligosaccharides. Four transition metal ions, Cu2+, Mn2+, Co2+, and Zn2+, and the alkaline earth metal ion Ca2+, were each coordinated to the trimer α1–3, α1–6 mannotriose and the pentamer conserved trimannosyl core (mannotriosyl-chitobiose). Instrumental and concentration ratio optimization studies were carried out to determine the best conditions for producing the [M + Met]2+, [M + MetCl]+, and [M + Met − H]+ ions (Met = metal dication). These precursors were then subjected to tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis and compared. Both the ionic radii and efficacy of ligand coordination were observed as important criteria for producing the precursor ions. Tandem mass spectra for the Cu2+- and Zn2+-coordinated species did not produce significant structural information about either the trimer or the pentamer. Although tandem mass spectra for the Ca2+-, Co2+-, and Mn2+-coordinated trimer were very similar, those of the pentamer were not. MS/MS of the Co2+-coordinated pentamer was the most unique and exhibited very different dissociation pathways.
Supplementary Tables 1-2, Methods and Figures 1-2 from Profiling Microdissected Epithelium and Stroma to Model Genomic Signatures for Cervical Carcinogenesis Accommodating for Covariates (2023)

Supplementary Tables 1-2, Methods and Figures 1-2 from Profiling Microdissected Epithelium and Stroma to Model Genomic Signatures for Cervical Carcinogenesis Accommodating for Covariates
Spatial Charge Configuration Regulates Nanoparticle Transport and Binding Behavior In Vivo (2012)

Genau arrangiert: Neue zwitterionische Quantenpunkte wurden synthetisiert und verwendet, um den Einfluss mikroskopischer Ladungsanordnungen auf das Verhalten von Nanopartikeln in vivo zu untersuchen. Experimente mit kultivierten Zellen und lebenden Mäusen zeigten, dass die mikroskopische Anordnung von Oberflächenladungen unspezifische Bindung, Clearance und den In-vivo-Transport von Nanopartikeln beeinflusst. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.