gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regio- and stereoselective carbon-carbon bond formation through transition metal catalysis. The influence of catalyst chirality on selective ethylmagnesiation of chiral, nonracemic alcohols and ethers (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRegio- and stereoselective carbon-carbon bond formation through transition metal catalysis. The influence of catalyst chirality on selective ethylmagnesiation of chiral, nonracemic alcohols and ethersAmir H. Hoveyda and James P. MorkenCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 16, 4237–4244Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00068a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00068a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views431Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Base pushout driven snapback in parasitic bipolar devices between different power domains (2004)

Modern integrated circuits still exhibit unexplored ESD failure modes. In this work, the trigger voltage of the base pushout driven snapback in parasitic bipolar devices is identified as a limiting value for the ESD concept design and the cause for damage in a 0.13 /spl mu/m technology. Its strong dependence on base control by standard ESD protection elements is considered carefully. Effective countermeasures on circuit and device design level are examined by thermo-electrical device simulations and theoretical estimations.
The Epidemiology and Management of Pituitary Incidentalomas (2007)

The natural history of incidentalomas suggests that periodic hormonal, clinical and radiological follow-up is the optimal approach. In the absence of tumor growth or relevant symptoms, screening can be continued intermittently or curtailed based on the clinical judgment of the physician. In the presence of hormonal hypersecretion, the management of pituitary incidentalomas, whether they are micro- or macroadenomas, should follow accepted clinical guidelines. For incidental pituitary macroadenomas without hormonal hypersecretion, clinical management should also include assessments for visual field impairment or hypopituitarism. In such cases, regular radiological and hormonal follow-up is required to identify tumor growth or the appearance of new symptoms. In the presence of tumor growth or new hormonal abnormalities, surgical options should be considered and discussed with the patient.
Electromigration Lifetime Enhancement of CoWP Capped Cu Interconnects by Thermal Treatment (2008)

In order to develop highly reliable Cu interconnects, temperature dependence of the electromigration (EM) lifetime of metal (CoWP) capped Cu interconnects is investigated. It is found that the EM lifetime is enhanced as the test temperature rise from 275 to 380 °C. NH3 plasma treatment before the dielectric cap layer deposition on the CoWP capped Cu interconnects influenced the temperature dependence of EM lifetime, that is, the interconnects without the NH3 plasma treatment have longer EM lifetime than those with the NH3 plasma treatment at the higher test temperatures. In order to investigate the mechanism for this lifetime enhancement, micro-analysis and failure mode analysis were carried out. It is concluded that the Co alloying with Cu and the CoWP coverage repair due to Co diffusion at the high temperature lead to the EM lifetime enhancement.
[Hypofibrinogenemia associated with steroid therapy for the patients who developed GVHD after allogeneic stem cell transplantation]. (2015)

Hypofibrinogenemia (plasma fibrinogen level <150 mg/dl) is occasionally observed after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and its etiology is often difficult to determine. We herein report that steroids administered for the treatment of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) are associated with the development of hypofibrinogenemia. We retrospectively analyzed the plasma fibrinogen (Fg) levels in 15 consecutive patients who had been administered 1 mg/kg/day (1 mg/kg group) or 2 mg/kg/day (2 mg/kg group) methylprednisolone for the treatment of Grade II to IV acute GVHD. Hypofibrinogenemia had developed in 8 of the 15 patients (53%) by day 50 after the start of steroid treatment, and was observed in 2 of 6 patients in the 1 mg/kg group and 6 of 9 in the 2 mg/kg group. A significant decrease in the Fg level was observed in the 2 mg/kg group (the median value before starting steroid treatment and that on the 20th day after starting steroid treatment were 506 mg/dl and 180 mg/dl, respectively, P=0.0013). Other possible causes of hypofibrinogenemia, including liver dysfunction or disseminated intravascular coagulation, were confirmed in only 3 patients during the observation period. In conclusion, hypofibrinogenemia commonly occurs in patients treated with steroids, especially those administered 2 mg/kg/day methylprednisolone for the treatment of GVHD.
A short‐chain dehydrogenase gene from Pichia stipitis having D‐arabinitol dehydrogenase activity (1995)

An NAD(+)-dependent D-arabinitol dehydrogenase (polyol dehydrogenase) gene was isolated from Pichia stipitis CBS 6054 and cloned in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The gene was isolated by screening of a lambda-cDNA library with a zymogram technique. D-Arabinitol, xylitol, D-glucitol and galactitol are substrates for the recombinant protein. With D-arabinitol as substrate the reaction product is D-ribulose. The molecular weight of the native tetramer enzyme is 110,000 Da and the monomer is 30,000 Da. The amino acid sequence is homologous to the short-chain dehydrogenase family. It is 85.5% identical to a D-arabinitol dehydrogenase from Candida albicans. The gene in P. stipitis was induced by D-arabinitol and P. stipitis was able to grow on D-arabinitol. The physiological role of D-arabinitol metabolism is discussed.
Photoacoustic spectroscopy and electron spin resonance studies of defects in microcrystalline silicon thin films grown on rough surfaces (2010)

Abstract Light trapping is a crucial technique for increasing the photocurrent of solar cells, particularly that of microcrystalline (μc‐Si) thin‐film solar cells. Transparent conductive oxides with rough surfaces such as Al‐doped ZnO (AZO) have been used extensively for this purpose. In general, the surface morphology influences the film growth and photovoltaic performance; on extremely rough surfaces the photovoltaic performance deteriorates. In this article, the experimental results of photoacoustic (PA) spectroscopy, performed on μc‐Si films deposited on various AZO surfaces, are presented as a function of AZO surface roughness σ RMS , together with those derived from electron spin resonance. The amplitudes of the PA signals at 1.4 eV increased significantly when σ RMS = 22 nm, a roughness where cracks were not observed in the μc‐Si. The amplitudes of the PA signals at 0.9 eV and the spin densities showed sigmoidal increases centered at a critical roughness of around 30 nm. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The Rochester gravitational wave detector (1984)

The authors present the first detailed report of the Rochester cryogenic resonant gravitational wave detector. They believe that the approach used in designing the detector will bring substantial contributions to the solutions of many unsolved problems. They describe in detail their transducer which makes use of several features (superconducting, wideband, noncontacting) in a unique combination that already has made it possible to achieve the highest mechanical Q for aluminum in a gravitational wave detector (Q=2*107). They also present encouraging results of preliminary tests and they calculate the values of the physical parameters needed to achieve a competitive ultimate sensitivity. They show how reasonable parameters lead to such sensitivity, even though the detecting mass is smaller than what is commonly used. The authors explain why dealing with a smaller mass presents important advantages. Finally they include a detailed analysis of the sensitivity and a description of the procedure for the calibration.
Maximum Efficiency Point Tracking (MEPT) Method and Digital Dead Time Control Implementation (2006)

An adaptive control method, to be called maximum efficiency point tracking (MEPT), is presented in this paper. This method tracks system efficiency, which is dc-dc converter efficiency in this paper, and adaptively optimizes system parameters to maximize efficiency. The MEPT method is used in this paper to optimize the primary-to-secondary switches' dead-time parameter in an isolated topology to reduce the switches' body diodes conduction during commutation periods and to reduce body diodes conduction and reverse-recovery related losses in order to improve efficiency. MEPT tracks converter efficiency while changing the dead-time and detects the optimized dead-time value at the maximum efficiency point at different load and line conditions. In this paper, the MEPT method is discussed and analyzed, and its digital control algorithm and experimental implementation are presented
Discovery of Surfactins as Inhibitors of MicroRNA Processing Using Cat-ELCCA (2021)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression. Due to their important activity in the fine-tuning of protein translation, abnormal expression of miRNAs has been linked to many human diseases, making the targeting of miRNAs attractive as a novel therapeutic strategy. Accordingly, researchers have been heavily engaged in the discovery of small molecule modulators of miRNAs. With an interest in the identification of new chemical space for targeting miRNAs, we developed a high-throughput screening (HTS) technology, catalytic enzyme-linked click chemistry assay (cat-ELCCA), aimed at the discovery of small molecule ligands for pre-miR-21, a miRNA that is frequently overexpressed in human cancers. From our HTS campaign, we found that natural products, a source of many impactful human medicines, may be a promising source of potential pre-miR-21-selective maturation inhibitors. Herein we describe our first efforts in natural product inhibitor discovery leading to the identification of a depsipeptide class of natural products as RNA-binding inhibitors of Dicer-mediated miRNA processing.
Cell-cycle regulation of formin-mediated actin cable assembly (2013)

Assembly of appropriately oriented actin cables nucleated by formin proteins is necessary for many biological processes in diverse eukaryotes. However, compared with knowledge of how nucleation of dendritic actin filament arrays by the actin-related protein-2/3 complex is regulated, the in vivo regulatory mechanisms for actin cable formation are less clear. To gain insights into mechanisms for regulating actin cable assembly, we reconstituted the assembly process in vitro by introducing microspheres functionalized with the C terminus of the budding yeast formin Bni1 into extracts prepared from yeast cells at different cell-cycle stages. EM studies showed that unbranched actin filament bundles were reconstituted successfully in the yeast extracts. Only extracts enriched in the mitotic cyclin Clb2 were competent for actin cable assembly, and cyclin-dependent kinase 1 activity was indispensible. Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 activity also was found to regulate cable assembly in vivo. Here we present evidence that formin cell-cycle regulation is conserved in vertebrates. The use of the cable-reconstitution system to test roles for the key actin-binding proteins tropomyosin, capping protein, and cofilin provided important insights into assembly regulation. Furthermore, using mass spectrometry, we identified components of the actin cables formed in yeast extracts, providing the basis for comprehensive understanding of cable assembly and regulation.
Associative rhythm learning for music interaction (2008)

Interactions between men and machines increasingly tend towards interactive, or even collaborative, experiences. We explore the emergence of creativity in man-machine musical interaction. Participants in collaborative musical ensembles should exhibit their own unique musical individuality. We propose a system that acquires musical individuality by listening to rhythmic interaction between human performers and learns bidirectional rhythm association. This association mechanism allows the system to not only generate a suitable rhythm that compliments a performer's rhythm, but also suggest to the performer an alternative rhythm that it deems preferential. The system's musical individuality originates from its listening experience and is generally different to that of the performer's. In this manner, creative and harmonious rhythms can emerge from musical interactions between the performer and the system. The system was implemented so as to interact with a human partner using typical percussion instruments, in real time. Experimentation shows that the system can identify rhythm, play along with human performers, and inject dynamic rhythm changes such that musical creativity emerges.
Providing sustainable catalytic solutions for a rapidly changing world (2018)

Catalysis is a key area of modern science and the recognition of its importance has been increasing in recent years. In the view of this, a Royal Society Discussion Meeting was held on 8–9 May bringing together many facets of the latest research in catalysis. The meeting was set out in four themes.

The first theme Catalysis for Clean Energy was introduced by Prof. Christopher Hardacre (Manchester University, UK), who discussed non-thermal plasmas that enable the activation of catalysis at low-temperature operation. Dr Sara Jacob (Exxon Mobil, USA) described some new exciting work relevant to an alkane oxidation concerning using dioxiranes in solution at low temperature. Prof. Gianfranco Pacchioni (Milan) described new work on biomass conversion using TiO2 and ZrO2 and addressed the question of why catalyst reduction aids the process. Prof. Andy Beale (UCL) showed how new characterization …
Flame Spray Strain Gages with Improved Durability and Lifetimes (2003)

The focus of this APP research program was to improve the bond coats used in the fabrication of flame sprayed instrumentation. Typically. a bond coat is applied to a superalloy surface prior to the application of a thin dielectric coating onto which instrumentation is placed. After affixing the instrumentation, a much thicker ceramic topcoat is typically applied to protect the instrumentation from harsh environments. The fatigue life of NiCoCrAlY coated superalloys was extended beyond current state-of-the-art by relatively simple and cost effective means. Heat treatment in reduced oxygen partial pressures at 1750 to 1800 F effectively doubled the fatigue life of NiCoCrAlY coated substrates relative to as-sprayed substrates and when used in conjunction with platinum diffusion barriers yielded a four fold increase in the fatigue life of NiCoCrAlY coated substrates. Further improvements in the fatigue life of thermally sprayed coatings were made by employing intermediate coatings, which minimized thermal expansion differences between the bond coat and top coat. Combinatorial chemistry experiments yielded an optimum composition for an intermediate TCE matching coating that showed considerable promise in extending the fatigue life of thermal spray instrumentation. The intermediate coating had two functions: to reduce the surface roughness of the peaks and valleys associated with the as-sprayed NiCoCrAlY bond coat, and to produce a thin layer of a mixture of Al2O3 and NiCoCrAlY that exhibited an intermediate TCE. The optimal composition of the intermediate coating consisted of 60 wt% Al2O3 and 40 wt% NiCoCrAlY, as determined by energy dispersive analysis of x-rays (EDS). Intermediate coatings having this composition were prepared by physical vapor deposition and the resulting coating systems are being evaluated in our test facility.
A Multi Facet Composite Panel Reflectarray for a Space Contoured Beam Antenna in Ku Band (2013)

International audience
Nonlinear optical properties of functionalized aza- borondipyrromethene chromophores (2021)

We report the nonlinear-optical properties of functionalized aza-borondipyrromethene chromophores in the near infrared. The fluorescence efficiencies are low, and they exhibit excited- state absorption and two-photon absorption at these wavelengths.
Xanthene and Xanthone Derivatives as G-Quadruplex Stabilizing Ligands (2013)

Following previous studies on anthraquinone and acridine-based G-quadruplex ligands, here we present a study of similar aromatic cores, with the specific aim of increasing G-quadruplex binding and selectivity with respect to duplex DNA. Synthesized compounds include two and three-side chain xanthone and xanthene derivatives, as well as a dimeric "bridged" form. ESI and FRET measurements suggest that all the studied molecules are good G-quadruplex ligands, both at telomeres and on G-quadruplex forming sequences of oncogene promoters. The dimeric compound and the three-side chain xanthone derivative have been shown to represent the best compounds emerging from the different series of ligands presented here, having also high selectivity for G-quadruplex structures with respect to duplex DNA. Molecular modeling simulations are in broad agreement with the experimental data.
The effect of the stroke-to-bore ratio on combustion, heat transfer and efficiency of a homogeneous charge spark ignition engine of given displacement (2000)

This study investigates how the selection of the stroke-to-bore (S/B) ratio affects combustion, heat transfer and overall efficiency in a homogeneous charge spark ignition (SI) engine of a given displacement. Initially, flame front area maps and wall areas in contact with burned gases are examined from a purely geometric point of view, for S/B ratios of 0.7, 1.0 and 1.3. Subsequently, a quasi-dimensional turbulent flame entrainment model is used to quantify the extent to which turbulence versus geometric factors are responsible for the observed combustion, heat transfer and cycle efficiency behaviour, as the S/B ratio varies. Calculations are performed for a range of engine speeds and loads, as well as for operation with 15 per cent exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). Results show that the S/B ratio has a significant effect on both turbulence levels and the geometric interaction of the flame front with the combustion chamber walls. In general, a longer stroke leads to higher thermal efficiency through faster burning and lower overall chamber heat loss. These effects are non-linear, being more dramatic when the S/B ratio is increased from below unity than from above unity. The potential of the long-stroke engine for brake fuel economy improvement can be exploited to the fullest at low speeds, while friction losses gradually diminish it at higher speeds.
Voltammetry Peak Tracking for Longer-Lasting and Reference-Electrode-Free Electrochemical Biosensors (2022)

Electrochemical aptamer-based sensors offer reagent-free and continuous analyte measurement but often suffer from poor longevity and potential drift even with a robust 3-electrode system. Presented here is a simple, software-enabled approach that tracks the redox-reporter peak in an electrochemical aptamer-based sensor and uses the measurement of redox peak potential to reduce the scanning window to a partial measure of redox-peak-height vs. baseline (~10X reduction in voltage range). This same measurement further creates a virtual reference standard in buffered biofluids such as blood and interstitial fluid, thereby eliminating the effects of potential drift and the need for a reference electrode. The software intelligently tracks voltammogram peak potential via the inflection points of the rising and falling slopes of the measured redox peak. Peak-tracking-derived partial scanning was validated over several days and minimized electrochemically induced signal loss to <5%. Furthermore, the peak-tracking approach was shown to be robust against confounding effects such as fouling. From an applied perspective in creating wearable biosensors, the peak-tracking approach further enables use of a single implanted working electrode, while the counter/reference-electrode may utilize a simple gel-pad electrode on the surface of the skin, compared to implanting working, counter, and reference electrodes conventionally used for stability and reliability but is also costly and invasive. Cumulatively, peak-tracking provides multiple leaps forward required for practical molecular monitoring by extending sensor longevity, eliminating potential drift, simplifying biosensor device construction, and in vivo placement for any redox-mediated sensor that forms parabolic-like data.
Utilization of Multifunctional Environment‐Friendly Organic Dopants Inspired from Nature for Carbon Nanotube‐Based Planar Heterojunction Silicon Solar Cells (2022)

Herein, eco‐friendly natural acids inspired by nature, namely, acetic acid, formic acid, lactic acid, and citric acid on their capability of functioning as a p‐dopant for the carbon nanotube transparent electrode in silicon‐based planar heterojunction solar cells, are tested. From the result, lactic acid shows the multifunctional effect of p‐doping with excellent doping stability as well as antireflection. The doping effect and its stability are investigated by diverse methods, such as van der Pauw four‐probe measurement as well as Raman, photoelectron yield, and absorption spectroscopy. The sheet resistance decreases by 22.1% when carbon nanotube films are doped by lactic acid and the doped films are stable for more than 20 days. The antireflection effect of lactic acid coating is confirmed by atomic force microscopy, ellipsometry, computational analyses, and reflectance spectroscopy. The power conversion efficiency of carbon nanotube‐laminated silicon solar cells improves from 8.2% to 10.3% by using nature‐inspired lactic acid. Such a great improvement is ascribed to not only the p‐doping and antireflection effects but also the passivation effect of lactic acid on the Si surface defect sites as evidenced by both the Fourier‐transform infrared and the Quasi‐steady‐state photoconductance lifetime measurements.