gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
P002 ADALIMUMAB MAINTAINS LONG-TERM REMISSION IN CROHN'S DISEASE THROUGH 2 YEARS (2008)

Introduction: Results of the ACCENT I and II studies showed that in CD, scheduled therapy with infliximab (IFX) leads to maintained response and remission and is associated with a lower need for hospitalisations and surgeries over one year period.Aim: To assess if the advent of IFX now more than a decade ago has altered the course of CD long-term in clinical practice.Methods: A consecutive series of 614 CD patients, treated with IFX between 1995 and March 2007, were analysed.The need for major abdominal surgery (MAS, defined as resections and/or stricturoplasty) before IFX as well as until most recent follow-up (FU) (March 2007) and the number of hospitalisations (HP) after start of IFX were recorded.The number of MAS were calculated per 100 patient years (MAS/100py).Results were further analysed in function of treatment regimen (episodic in 34.7%, scheduled in 35.5% and episodic with switch to maintenance in 29.8%) and concomitant use of immunomodulators (59%) and corticosteroids (32%) at start of IFX.Results: With a median of 55 months FU (IQR 27-83), 39% of patients (237/614) needed MAS prior to and 23.5% (n=144) after start of IFX (Figures 1&2).Scheduled treatment was associated with less hospitalisations (50/194, 26%, median 1 HP (IQR 1-2), median FU 1.91 yrs (IQR 0.92-3.42))than episodic therapy (165/353, 47%, median 2 HPs (IQR 1-4), median FU 6.05 yrs (IQR 4.24-7.27),p<0.0001).
Optimum Signature Shaping for Low Sonic Boom (2012)

The reference 1 “Sonic Boom Minimization” theory determined three signature shapes for minimizing the impact of sonic boom. These shapes are improved upon through more recent analytical findings, improved loudness calculation and more shape variations—explored in an optimization framework. Final shapes all achieve nearly an 8 PLdB improvement over a SEEB minimum shock signature. After the optimization, a higher fidelity Burgers-type rounding analysis was run on the primary shape parameter, indicating the improvement may halve to 4 PLdB. Further shape improvement is possible and is planned to be combined with Burger-type analysis in the future.
The mechanism of pinocytosis in the rat visceral yolk sac (1979)

The rat visceral yolk sac cultured in vitro was used as model system to study the mechanism of pinocytosis. Fluid-phase pinocytosis was completely inhibited at low temperature and on addition of metabolic inhibitors to the culture medium, was partially inhibited by cytochalasin B and colchicine and was also reduced to various extents by other factors such as EGTA and theophylline (Chapter 4). Polycations have been reported in the literature as stimulators of endocytosis. Here it was found that poly-L- ornithine, poly-L-lysine and DEAE-dextran stimulated tissue-association of&#13;\ncolloidal "^Au (Chapter 5) "by a mechanism which involved the formation of&#13;\n198&#13;\na polycation-colloidal Au complex that bound to the outside of the visceral yolk sac (Chapter 6). Electron microscopical visualization of tissue which had been exposed to polycation-colloidal Au complexes did not reveal colloidal Au in association with the plasma membrane and potential explanations of this observation are discussed in (Chapter 7). DIVEMA is a synthetic polymer which has a wide range of biological activities although its mechanism of action is still obscure. Three different molecular weight distributions of DIVEMA and three DIVEMA derivatives had no stimulatory effect on pinocytosis in the rat visceral yolk sac; in some instances they were inhibitory (Chapter 8). None of the above substances were found to stimulate the rate of pinosome formation in the visceral yolk sac.&#13;\nA method for radiolabelling PVP was evaluated (Chapter 9) and it was found possible to iodinate PVP with acceptable efficiency.&#13;\nExcess radioiodide was removed by dialysis, but the resultant preparations of ^2^I-PVP showed spontaneous deiodination when stored at 4°C. The increase in radioiodide in preparations during a 6.5h culture period at 37°G was fairly small, so a technique was developed for quantitation of pinocytosis of these 12-^I-PVP preparations. Four samples of PVP with different molecular weight distributions were iodinated and preliminary experiments were carried out to investigate their rates of pinocytosis (Chapter 10). A correlation was observed between increasing molecular weight and a decreased rate of pinocytic uptake of PVP.&#13;\nThe study of the effects of polyamino acids, dextran derivatives and DIVEMAs on pinocytosis in the rat visceral yolk sac was paralleled by a study of the effect of these compounds in pinocytosis in the rat peritoneal macrophage (cultured in vitro) which was carried out by Dr. M.K. Pratten in this laboratory. The work of Dr. Pratten is referred to extensively in this thesis as the results described for the visceral yolk sac system are of wider interest when viewed comparatively.
Forecasting routes and self-adaptation in multi-hop wireless sensor networks (2011)

Sensor networks find application in many tactical ISR/ISTAR processes and applications. However, these processes and applications depend on reliable collection, distribution and delivery of information that, typically, travels over multiple interconnecting nodes to reach processing centres, and are susceptible to various disruptions such as the ones caused caused by message drops, packet loss and loss of connectivity due to high traffic volumes and noise on the wireless medium. In this paper, we investigate and present approaches to pro-actively adapt routing over such networks by forecasting potential faulty regions of the network based on previous trends and reorganising routing paths. We have prototyped this approach in the ITA Sensor Fabric, an evolving middleware infrastructure for sensor networks. We, further, provide some preliminary results based on simulations.
Calcineurin Inhibitor Agents Interact Synergistically with Antifungal Agents In Vitro against Cryptococcus neoformans Isolates: Correlation with Outcome in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients with Cryptococcosis (2007)

Synergistic interactions were observed between CIs and antifungal agents against 53 (90%) of 59 Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from solid organ transplant recipients with cryptococcosis and may account for better outcomes in patients with cryptococcosis receiving these immunosuppressive agents.
α-Adrenergic Blocking Action of 1-O-Hexadecyl-2-0-Acetyl-sn-Glycero-3-Phosphocholine in Rats (1983)

The effect of 1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (HAGPC), a major component of antihypertensive polar renomedullary lipid, on the pressor responses to norepinephrine and angiotensin II was investigated in normal Wistar rats. The pressor activity of norepinephrine (1 microgram/kg of body weight (BW)) and angiotensin II (40 ng/kg BW) were markedly suppressed when these substances were injected immediately after intravenous administration of 80 nmol/kg BW of HAGPC. When HAGPC was infused continuously at a rate of 20 nmol/kg BW/min, pressor responses to bolus injection of graded doses (0.5 to 10 micrograms/kg BW) of norepinephrine were significantly lowered, but pressor responses to 10 to 200 ng/kg BW of angiotensin II were not affected. These observations suggest that HAGPC has alpha-adrenergic blocking activity and does not influence angiotensin II receptors.
Genome Sequence of the Solvent-Producing Bacterium Clostridium carboxidivorans Strain P7 T (2010)

Clostridium carboxidivorans strain P7(T) is a strictly anaerobic acetogenic bacterium that produces acetate, ethanol, butanol, and butyrate. The C. carboxidivorans genome contains all the genes for the carbonyl branch of the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway for CO(2) fixation, and it encodes enzymes for conversion of acetyl coenzyme A into butanol and butyrate.
Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in France: results from nationwide serological surveillance (2020)

Abstract Background Assessment of cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections is critical for monitoring the course and the extent of the epidemic. As asymptomatic or mild cases were typically not captured by surveillance data in France, we implemented nationwide serological surveillance. We present estimates for prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the French population and the proportion of infected individuals who developed potentially protective neutralizing antibodies throughout the first epidemic wave. Methods We performed serial cross-sectional sampling of residual sera over three periods: prior to (9-15 March), during (6-12 April) and following (11-17 May) a nationwide lockdown. Each sample was tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies targeting the Nucleoprotein and Spike using two Luciferase-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assays, and for neutralising antibodies using a pseudo-neutralisation assay. We fitted a general linear mixed model of seropositivity in a Bayesian framework to derive prevalence estimates stratified by age, sex and region. Findings In total, sera from 11 021 individuals were analysed. Nationwide seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was estimated at 0.41% [0.05−0.88] mid-March, 4.14% [3.31−4.99] mid-April and 4.93% [4.02−5.89] mid-May. Approximately 70% of seropositive individuals had detectable neutralising antibodies. Seroprevalence was higher in regions where circulation occurred earlier and was more intense. Seroprevalence was lowest in children under 10 years of age (2.72% [1.10−4.87]). Interpretation Seroprevalence estimates confirm that the nationwide lockdown substantially curbed transmission and that the vast majority of the French population remains susceptible to SARS-CoV-2. Low seroprevalence in school age children suggests limited susceptibility and/or transmissibility in this age group. Our results show a clear picture of the progression of the first epidemic wave and provide a framework to inform the ongoing public health response as viral transmission is picking up again in France and globally. Funding Santé publique France.
Growth of high-quality single-wall carbon nanotubes without amorphous carbon formation (2004)

We report an alternative way of preparing high-quality single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). Using a triple-layer thin film of Al/Fe/Mo (with Fe as a catalyst) on an oxidized Si substrate, the sample is exposed to a single short burst (5 s) of acetylene at 1000 °C. This produced a high yield of very well graphitized SWCNTs, as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. We believe that the high temperature is responsible for the high crystallinity/straightness of the nanotubes, and the rapid growth process allows us to achieve a clean amorphous carbon (a-C) free deposition which is important for SWCNT device fabrication. The absence of a-C is confirmed by Auger electron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and electrical measurements.
M-atrial natriuretic peptide and nitroglycerin in experimental acute hypertensive heart failure: differential actions of two cGMP activating therapeutics (2013)

Background Systemic hypertension is a common characteristic in acute heart failure (HF). This increasingly common phenotype is frequently associated with renal dysfunction and requires renal enhancing therapies. In a canine model of HF and acute hypertension we defined the cardiorenal actions of M-atrial natriuretic peptide (MANP), a novel particulate guanylyl cyclase A receptor activator (pGC-A) developed at the Mayo Clinic, and nitroglycerin (NTG), a soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) activator. Compared to native ANP, MANP has more sustained renal enhancing, blood pressure lowering and aldosterone inhibiting action. Based on the expression of the pGC-A receptor in the glomerulus, renal tubule and adrenal gland, compared to the more widespread expression of sGC in the renal vasculature, we hypothesized that MANP would have a more robust effect upon the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and natriuretic actions and with greater aldosterone suppressing effects than sGC activation with NTG. To test these hypotheses, we used a canine model of combined HF and hypertension. Specifically, HF was induced by chronic (10 days) rapid right ventricular pacing (180 bmp), while hypertension was induced by continuous angiotensin II infusion (on day 11). We than characterized the cardiorenal and humoral actions of intravenous MANP (n=7), NTG (n=7), and vehicle (n=7) infusion. Results Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was reduced by both MANP (139±4 to 118±3 mmHg, p<0.05) and NTG (137 ±3 to 116±4 mmHg, p<0.05); similar findings were observed for reductions in pulmonary wedge pressure with MANP (12±2 to 6±2 mmHg, p<0.05) and NTG (12±1 to 6±1 mmHg, p<0.05). MANP enhanced renal function with significant increases in GFR (38±4 to 53±5 ml/min, p<0.05), renal blood flow (132±18 to 236±23 ml/ min, p<0.05), and natriuresis (11±4 to 689±37 mEq/min, p<0.05) with inhibition of aldosterone (32±3 to 23±2 ng/ dL, p<0.05), whereas NTG had no significant effect on these renal parameters or aldosterone activation.
Label-free colorimetric detection of biological thiols based on target-triggered inhibition of photoinduced formation of AuNPs (2015)

A label-free colorimetric method for the detection of biological thiols (biothiols) was developed. This method is based on prevention of the photoinduced reduction of auric ions (Au(III)) in the presence of amino acids (acting as a reducing agent) by biothiols; the photoinduced reduction is inhibited due to the strong interaction of the biothiols with Au(III). In this method, the sample was first incubated in an assay solution containing Au(III) and threonine; the sample solution was then exposed to 254 nm UV light. For samples without biothiols, this process led to the photoreduction of Au(III) followed by growth of gold nanoparticles accompanied by the visually detectable development of a red coloration typified by an absorption peak at ca 530 nm. Conversely, in the presence of biothiols, reduction of Au(III) to Au(0) was prevented by entrapment of Au(III) within the biothiols via the thiol group. The solution thus remained colorless even after UV irradiation, which was used as an indicator of the presence of biothiols. Using this strategy, biothiols were very conveniently analyzed by monitoring color changes of the samples with the naked eye or a UV-vis spectrometer. The strategy based on this interesting phenomenon exhibited high selectivity toward biothiols over common amino acids and was successfully employed for reliable quantification of biothiols present in human plasma, demonstrating its great potential for clinical applications.
Talking with Feeling: Integrating Affective and Linguistic Expression in Early Language Development (1989)

Abstract The purpose of the longitudinal study reported here was to determine the developmental relation between the two systems of expression available to the young child in the period of early language learning: affect and speech. Two achievements in language were identified for a group of 12 infants: First Words, at the beginning of the single-word period (mean age about 13 months), and a Vocabulary Spurt, which occurred toward the end of the period (mean age about 19 months). Affect expression was coded continuously in the stream of the infants' activity as they and their mothers played with groups of toys and ate a snack. The occurrence of words was examined in relation to the expression of affect and the results of this study concern developments in the integration of these two forms expression. The children's words occurred closely in time with their expression of emotionally toned affect. We concluded, then, that they were learning words to express what their feelings were about even though none of the actual words they said were emotion terms. However, the cognitive requirements for emotional expression and expression through speech resulted in several constraints on their integration. Words were said with neutral affect expression most often, with a peak in emotional expression in the moments immediately after words but a decrease in emotional expression before words. The peak in emotional expression with words was significantly greater, and the pre-word dip in emotional expression was significantly less, at the Vocabulary Spurt than at First Words. Thus, the two systems of expression converged in the period of single-word development as the children came to be able to say words with emotional affect. However, the words that were said together with emotional expression were said with positive rather than negative valence, with low rather than heightened intensity, and were among the most frequent and earliest learned words. These results are discussed in terms of the acquisition of language for expression and the different cognitive requirements for expression through affect and speech.
An expert consensus to standardise clinical, endoscopic and histologic items and inclusion and outcome criteria for evaluation of pouchitis disease activity in clinical trials (2021)

We conducted a RAND/UCLA appropriateness process to help inform measurement of pouchitis disease activity within clinical trials and foster the development of novel therapies.
Bimatoprost: A Novel Antiglaucoma Agent (2004)

The aim of glaucoma therapy is to preserve vision by reducing intraocular pressure (IOP). Following recent National Eye Institute sponsored studies, it is becoming increasingly apparent that every mmHg of extra IOP lowering counts. Bimatoprost is the newest and most effective addition to the physician's armamentarium of ocular hypotensive drugs. Direct clinical comparisons have demonstrated that it is more efficacious than the prostaglandin (PG) FP receptor agonist prodrugs, latanoprost and travoprost, as well as a beta-adrenoceptor antagonist, timolol, alone or in fixed combination with the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, dorzolamide. Moreover, patients that are refractory to latanoprost therapy may be successfully treated with bimatoprost. Such evidence provides support, at the clinical level, for the contention that bimatoprost is pharmacologically distinct from PG FP receptor agonist prodrugs. Bimatoprost is a structural analog of PGF2alpha-ethanolamide (prostamide F2alpha), which is formed from the endocannabinoid anandamide by a biosynthetic pathway involving cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Their pharmacology is remarkably similar, such that bimatoprost may be regarded as a prostamide mimetic. The target receptor for bimatoprost and the prostamides appears unique and unrelated to PG- and endocannabinoid-sensitive receptors. Extensive ocular distribution/metabolism studies in non-human primates demonstrate that bimatoprost is not a prodrug, it remains essentially intact. Its profound ocular hypotensive effects may, therefore, be attributed to its prostamide-mimetic properties.
Incentive-Based Coded Distributed Computing Management for Latency Reduction in IoT Services—A Game Theoretic Approach (2020)

This article studies distributed computing (DC) mechanisms on heterogeneous mobile devices (MDs) for latency reduction (LR) in Internet-of-Things (IoT) services by mitigating the effect of straggling MDs. We propose novel coded DC mechanisms with two different incentive distributions that consider the time-discounting value of processed results and the amount of the workload computed by MDs. Specifically, we consider distributed gradient descent computing with coding when a task publisher (TP) with a limited amount of budget offers incentives to encourage MDs' participation in the computation. To analyze a hierarchical decision-making structure of the TP and MDs, we formulate a strategic competition between them as a Stackelberg game. In the case that the MDs are the leaders, we design a CPU-cycle frequency control scheme to balance each MD's computing speed and energy consumption for obtaining its maximum utility with the incentive mechanisms. As the follower, the TP aims at minimizing latency of the DC, and it follows the MDs' decisions to determine the load allocation for each MD. Then, we design an algorithm achieving the Stackelberg equilibrium, which is shown to be a unique Nash equilibrium of the game. The performance evaluation results show that the proposed mechanisms achieve 39% of LR on average compared to the benchmark mechanism. Furthermore, the results corroborate the efficiency of the proposed mechanisms in terms of the MDs' social welfare.
Coagulation management in patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures (2017)

Coagulation management remains a major issue in patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures. However, in this field of research, literature quality is poor and further studies are necessary to identify the best strategies to minimize risks in this group of patients.
Association of the OSCAR Promoter Polymorphism With BMD in Postmenopausal Women (2005)

These findings suggest that the promoter variant in OSCAR gene (OSCAR-2322A>G) might be one of genetic determinants of BMD in postmenopausal women.
Turbofan Nose Cone Interactions With Inlet Swirl (2018)

With highly integrated airframe architectures emerging as the leading concept of next generation aviation vehicles, research is needed to understand the interactions between inlet swirl distortions and turbofan engines. To meet these research demands, a computational fluid dynamics investigation was conducted to monitor the streamwise development of a complex swirling velocity field in the inlet duct of a turbofan engine with and without the presence of the turbofan nose cone component. By modeling the two geometric setups, natural fluid development and forced fluid/nose cone interactions were distinguishable. To validate the model, computational results were compared to existing experimental data at the fan rotor inlet plane. With the nose cone included, flow angle and swirl intensity predictions from the computational approach agreed well with the experimental measurements. The computational results were expanded upstream to demonstrate the effects of the nose cone geometry on the incoming swirl distortion. Radial flow angles in the presence of the nose cone began to vary from natural swirl development at approximately 0.25 fan diameters upstream, reaching a maximum difference near the leading edge of the nose cone component. Results from this investigation provided a validated model for the prediction of swirl development in a turbofan inlet duct in the presence of a nose cone. Significant change in the swirl profile development was shown from natural vortex motion to induced fluid/solid interactions.
Normal mode splitting with lossy coupled resonances (2015)

The effects of lossy coupled resonances on normal mode splitting are investigated. A unit cell of a nano wire and slot are modeled and compared to mathematical description.