gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Similarity Metric for Curved Shapes in Euclidean Space (2016)

In this paper, we introduce a similarity metric for curved shapes that can be described, distinctively, by ordered points. The proposed method represents a given curve as a point in the deformation space, the direct product of rigid transformation matrices, such that the successive action of the matrices on a fixed starting point reconstructs the full curve. In general, both open and closed curves are represented in the deformation space modulo shape orientation and orientation preserving diffeomorphisms. The use of direct product Lie groups to represent curved shapes led to an explicit formula for geodesic curves and the formulation of a similarity metric between shapes by the L2-norm on the Lie algebra. Additionally, invariance to reparametrization or estimation of point correspondence between shapes is performed as an intermediate step for computing geodesics. Furthermore, since there is no computation of differential quantities on the curves, our representation is more robust to local perturbations and needs no pre-smoothing. We compare our method with the elastic shape metric defined through the square root velocity (SRV) mapping, and other shape matching approaches.
Development of 1.25 eV InGaAsN for triple junction solar cells (2002)

Current GaInP/sub 2//GaAs/Ge triple junction solar cells currently starting production at EMCORE have achieved average lot efficiencies of greater than 26%, with an EOL/BOL of 92% for exposure to 1 MeV electrons at a fluence of 5/spl times/10/sup 14/ e/cm/sup 2/. Development of the next generation high efficiency multijunction solar cell will involve the development of new materials lattice matched to GaAs. One material of interest is 1.05 eV InGaAsN, to be used in a four junction GaInP/sub 2//GaAs/InGaAsN/Ge device. Despite several years of effort, the development of the 1.05 eV InGaAsN material has been difficult. As an alternative, they have been looking at 1.25 eV InGaAsN for use in a GaInP/sub 2//InGaAsN/Ge triple junction cell. The authors present results for their work with the 1.25 eV InGaAsN material.
30Gbps Optical Link Utilizing Heterogeneously Integrated III-V/Si Photonics and CMOS Circuits (2014)

We present a silicon photonics optical link utilizing heterogeneously integrated modulator and photodetector driven by low-power 32nm CMOS driver ICs. We demonstrate error-free operation at 30Gbps and transmission over 10km at 25Gbps without penalty.
min K channels form by assembly of at least 14 subunits. (1995)

Injection of min K mRNA into Xenopus oocytes results in expression of slowly activating voltage-dependent potassium channels, distinct from those induced by expression of other cloned potassium channels. The min K protein also differs in structure, containing only a single predicted transmembrane domain. While it has been demonstrated that all other cloned potassium channels form by association of four independent subunits, the number of min K monomers which constitute a functional channel is unknown. In rat min K, replacement of Ser-69 by Ala (S69A) causes a shift in the current-voltage (I-V) relationship to more depolarized potentials; currents are not observed at potentials negative to 0 mV. To determine the subunit stoichiometry of min K channels, wild-type and S69A subunits were coexpressed. Injections of a constant amount of wild-type mRNA with increasing amounts of S69A mRNA led to potassium currents of decreasing amplitude upon voltage commands to -20 mV. Applying a binomial distribution to the reduction of current amplitudes as a function of the different coinjection mixtures yielded a subunit stoichiometry of at least 14 monomers for each functional min K channel. A model is presented for how min K subunits may form a channel.
Singlet and triplet exciton percolation in benzene isotopic mixed crystals (1977)

New, closed form, approximate expressions are obtained for the calculation of ideal percolation thresholds which are determined by the migration topology. Excitation tunneling theory is briefly reviewed and extended for application to nonresonant, long range energy migration in mixed molecular crytals. These theories are applied to new singlet and triplet exciton percolation data for benzene isotopic mixed crytals. The differences between these results and the theoretical expectations are used to emphasize the importance of exciton lifetime and exciton trapping in determining the extent of long range energy transport in molecular crytals.
Analyzing embedded pose estimation solutions for human behaviour understanding (2020)

This work represents the first phase of a more complete work that has the goal of using RGB images as information to make analyses of human behavior. In this phase, we developed a prototype of hardware/software, capable of estimating human pose using only RGB information. The equipment chosen was the NVIDIA Jetson Nano, known for having have a better computational performance compared to Raspberry pi and Arduino microcontoller alternatives. In the search for important algorithms for pose estimation, applied to the limited platform as the Jetson Nano, we found important works such as HyperPose, TensorRT Pose Estimation, and the used on the project, tf-poseestimation. The results show a low FPS performance of the Jetson Nano, using the chosen algorithm, compared to related hardware, such as the NVIDIA Jetson TX2 and NVIDIA Jetson Xavier.
Augmenting Vaccine Efficacy against Delta Variant with ‘Mycobacterium-w’-Mediated Modulation of NK-ADCC and TLR-MYD88 Pathways (2023)

Mycobacterium-<i>w</i> (Mw) was shown to boost adaptive natural killer (ANK) cells and protect against COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic. As a follow-up of the trial, 50 healthcare workers (HCW) who had received Mw in September 2020 and subsequently received at least one dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (Mw + ChAdOx1 group) were monitored for symptomatic COVID-19 during a major outbreak with the delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 (April-June 2021), along with 201 HCW receiving both doses of the vaccine without Mw (ChAdOx1 group). Despite 48% having received just a single dose of the vaccine in the Mw + ChAdOx1 group, only two had mild COVID-19, compared to 36 infections in the ChAdOx1 group (HR-0.46, <i>p</i> = 0.009). Transcriptomic studies revealed an enhanced adaptive NK cell-dependent ADCC in the Mw + ChAdOx1 group, along with downregulation of the TLR2-MYD88 pathway and concomitant attenuation of downstream inflammatory pathways. This might have resulted in robust protection during the pandemic with the delta variant.
Critical limb ischemia: a global epidemic.A critical analysis of current treatment unmasks the clinical and economic costs of CLI. (2005)

The most common current treatments in the US for CLI are still characterized by high rates of primary amputations, multiple procedures, and high rates of procedure-related complications. Despite the limitations and assumptions of this analysis, the utilization of a LACI pathway first revascularization treatment strategy may provide clinical and economic cost savings in treating patients with CLI.
Genetics of Response to Permethrin in Unexposed Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) Populations (1998)

Insecticide resistance is widespread, yet little is known about the initial stages of its evolution. We carried out a survey of permethrin (a pyrethroid) tolerance in populations of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L., that had not previously encountered pyrethroids. Six replicate lines were formed from the most susceptible population. Levels of genetic variation and heritabilities of behavioral and physiological responses to permethrin, and the genetic correlation between these responses, were estimated for each line. Unexposed populations consistently had lower permethrin tolerance and tended to have less variation in permethrin tolerance than exposed populations. In the lines formed from the most susceptible population, levels of genetic variation for permethrin response, heritabilities, and genetic correlations generally were not significant. Heritabilities for behavioral response were no higher than those for tolerance, contrary to some proposed models of how resistance develops, and the 2 characters appeared to have separate genetic bases. Sampling variation produced some genetic differences among lines. Such sampling effects also may be important in the founding of new field populations and in the evolution of resistance in these populations.
Efficient Ammonia Synthesis over Phase-Separated Nickel-Based Intermetallic Catalysts (2020)

Ammonia is one of the most important industrial intermediates due to the mass-demand for the production of various chemicals. Since the development of the Haber–Bosch process, most ammonia production has been conducted using Fe-, Co-, and Ru-based catalysts. Meanwhile, the low-cost and earth-abundant elements, such as Ni, typically show much inferior activity due to their weak nitrogen adsorption energy. Here, we show that LaNi5, a representative hydrogen-absorbing material, offers stable and high ammonia production through surface decomposition to a unique Ni–LaN core–shell structure. The reaction rate is as high as 4500 μmol·g–1·h–1, which is much higher than those of other reported Co and Ni intermetallic catalysts and comparable to those of reported Ru-based intermetallic catalysts. TEM observations demonstrated that the nanosized Ni–LaN core–shell structures were self-organized during ammonia synthesis and generated a Ni–LaN active nanostructure, accounting for the high and stable catalytic performance in ammonia synthesis. Since the Ni–LaN active structure allows for the transition metal–nitride composite to generate ammonia universally, these discoveries show that hydrogen-storage materials can be a promising playground for designing brand-new ammonia synthesis catalysts without including expensive rare metals.
Distributed clock generator for synchronous SoC using ADPLL network (2013)

This paper presents a novel architecture of on-chip clock generation employing a network of oscillators synchronized by the distributed all-digital PLLs (ADPLLs). The implemented prototype has 16 clocking domains operating synchronously in a frequency range of 1.1-2.4 GHz. The synchronization error between the neighboring clock domains is less than 60 ps. The fully digital architecture of the generation offers flexibility and efficient synchronization control suitable for use in synchronous SoCs.
Synthesis of d-erythro-sphingosine and d-erythro-ceramide (2002)

A 1,2-metallate rearrangment of a higher order cuprate derived from an alpha-lithiated xylal derivative and tridecyllithium is the key step in a synthesis of D-erythro-sphingosine and ceramide. A convenient method for preparing alpha-lithiated glycals from alpha-phenylsulfinyl glycals is also described.
Dynamic nuclear polarization surface enhanced NMR spectroscopy: the design of new biradicals enables application to challenging materials (2013)

International audience
Supplemental figure 4 from Early Detection of Lung Cancer Using DNA Promoter Hypermethylation in Plasma and Sputum (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Variable importance plot for random forest prediction&lt;/p&gt;
Recent developments in membrane-based technologies for CO2 capture (Conference Paper) (2012)

A discussion covers the recent achievements and advances of the three main systems for CO2 separation; why is membrane-based technology for CO2 recovery closer to the laboratory-scale research than an industrial scheme; limitations that decelerate the use of membrane-based technologies in the industry; opportunities and constraints of using gas permeation, non-dispersive absorption with porous membranes or supported liquid membranes; and the future research in this field.
Effect of Prolonged c-Kit Receptor Inhibition by Imatinib Mesylate on the Uterine Contractility of Pregnant Rabbits (2007)

c-kit receptor inhibition in pregnant rabbits does not delay significantly the length of gestation or change myometrial contractility in vitro.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 8-Aminomethyltetracycline Derivatives as Novel Antibacterial Agents (2013)

The C-8 position of the tetracyclines has been largely underexplored because of limitations in traditional semisynthetic techniques. Employing a total synthetic approach allowed for modifications at the C-7 and C-8 positions, enabling the generation of structure-activity relationships for overcoming the two most common tetracycline bacterial-resistance mechanisms: ribosomal protection (tet(M)) and efflux (tet(A)). Ultimately, several compounds were identified with balanced activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including pathogens bearing both types of tetracycline-resistance mechanisms. Compounds were screened in a murine systemic infection model to rapidly identify compounds with oral bioavailability, leading to the discovery of several compounds that exhibited efficacy when administered orally in murine pyelonephritis and pneumonia models.
Optimising the setting behaviour of accelerated cement paste containing poly(AANa-co-DMAA) (2020)

During recent decades, alkali-free accelerators have appeared on the market as setting accelerator additives for shotcrete. In this work, copolymers poly(AANa-co-DMAA) with a variation of their charge densities (monomeric molar ratios) were synthesised by aqueous solution polymerisation and characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Then the copolymers were used to optimise the setting behaviour of cement paste in the presence of alkali-free accelerator. The setting times of cement pastes with a combination of alkali-free accelerators and copolymers were tested. Isothermal calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis and total organic carbon were also performed to obtain the comprehensive optimisation effects of poly(AANa-co-DMAA). The results clearly show that the capacity of the alkali-free accelerator for shortening the setting time of cement paste was enhanced significantly by introducing poly(AANa-co-DMAA). More AA units in the copolymers have better adsorption capacity, leading to a faster dissolution rate of tricalcium aluminate and the formation of massive ettringite crystals, thus finally the setting time of the cement paste with a combination of alkali-free accelerators and copolymers was shortened markedly compared with that containing alkali-free accelerators alone. The good synergy effect of the copolymers and alkali-free accelerator indicates great potential for practical applications.
AVMS of the Posterior Fossa (1996)

Stanford Stroke Center, Department of Neurosurgery, 300 Pasteur Drive, Room S-006, Stanford, CA 94305–5327
Polymer nanocomposites (2007)

Abstract Polymer nanocomposites are distinguished by the convergence of length scales corresponding to the radius of gyration of the polymer chains, a dimension of the nanoparticle and the mean distance between the nanoparticles. The consequences of this convergence on the physics of the polymer chains are considered, and some of the outstanding issues and their potential consequences on structure—property relations for polymer nanocomposites are highlighted. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 3252–3256, 2007
A 25-Gb/s 49-mW CMOS-driven equalized optical link (2012)

A low-power CMOS-driven VCSEL-based link using a 2-tap feed-forward equalizer in the transmitter is reported at 850-nm wavelengths. Power efficiencies of 1.5, 2.0, and 3.8 pJ/b are achieved at 22.5, 25, and 28.5 Gb/s, respectively.
Randomized Phase III Study of Temozolomide Versus Dacarbazine in the Treatment of Patients With Advanced Metastatic Malignant Melanoma (2000)

Temozolomide demonstrates efficacy equal to that of DTIC and is an oral alternative for patients with advanced metastatic melanoma.
Influences of multiple memory systems on auditory mental image acuity (2010)

The influence of different memory systems and associated attentional processes on the acuity of auditory images, formed for the purpose of making intonation judgments, was examined across three experiments using three different task types (cued-attention, imagery, and two-tone discrimination). In experiment 1 the influence of implicit long-term memory for musical scale structure was manipulated by varying the scale degree (leading tone versus tonic) of the probe note about which a judgment had to be made. In experiments 2 and 3 the ability of short-term absolute pitch knowledge to develop was manipulated by presenting blocks of trials in the same key or in seven different keys. The acuity of auditory images depended on all of these manipulations. Within individual listeners, thresholds in the two-tone discrimination and cued-attention conditions were closely related. In many listeners, cued-attention thresholds were similar to thresholds in the imagery condition, and depended on the amount of training individual listeners had in playing a musical instrument. The results indicate that mental images formed at a sensory/cognitive interface for the purpose of making perceptual decisions are highly malleable.
EOT measurement for ultra-thin gate dielectrics using LC resonance circuit [MOS devices] (2005)

The EOT measurement method, using the LC resonance circuit (LC resonance method), for thin gate dielectrics having a large leakage current, is demonstrated. In the LC resonance method, only an external inductance and a resistance and a simple equivalent electrical circuit of MOS devices are employed. The EOT value from thicker gate dielectrics (/spl sim/10 nm) to thinner gate dielectrics (/spl sim/1 nm) with large leakage current can be defined by the impedance-frequency characteristics at resonance and be verified at other frequency regions and with DC gate current-gate voltage characteristics.
A Systematic Review of Shared Sensor Networks (2016)

While Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been traditionally tasked with single applications, in recent years we have witnessed the emergence of Shared Sensor Networks (SSNs) as integrated cyber-physical system infrastructures for a multitude of applications. Instead of assuming an application-specific network design, SSNs allow the underlying infrastructure to be shared among multiple applications that can potentially belong to different users. On one hand, a potential benefit of such a design approach is to increase the utilization of sensing and communication resources, whenever the underlying network infrastructure covers the same geographic area and the sensor nodes monitor the same physical variables of common interest for different applications. On the other hand, compared with the existing application-specific design, the SSNs approach poses several research challenges with regard to different aspects of WSNs. In this article, we present a systematic literature survey on SSNs. The main goal of the article is to provide the reader with the opportunity to understand what has been done and what remains as open issues in this field, as well as which are the pivotal factors of this evolutionary design and how this kind of design can be exploited by a wide range of WSN applications.
RF CMOS and ESD (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Tables of RF CMOS ESD Failure Mechanisms RF MOSFET RF Shallow Trench Isolation Diode RF Polysilicon Gated Diode Silicon-Controlled Rectifier Schottky Barrier Diodes Capacitors Resistors Inductors Examples of RF ESD Circuit Failure Mechanisms Closing Comments and Summary Problems Reference
Decoherence-free neutron interferometry (2009)

Perfect single-crystal neutron interferometers are adversely sensitive to environmental disturbances, particularly mechanical vibrations. The sensitivity to vibrations results from the slow velocity of thermal neutrons and the long measurement time that are encountered in a typical experiment. Consequently, to achieve a good interference solutions for reducing vibration other than those normally used in optical experiments must be explored. Here we introduce a geometry for a neutron interferometer that is less sensitive to low-frequency vibrations. This design may be compared with both dynamical decoupling methods and decoherence-free subspaces that are described in quantum information processing. By removing the need for bulky vibration isolation setups, this design will make it easier to adopt neutron interferometry to a wide range of applications and increase its sensitivity.
Prefrontal cortex neuronal ensembles encoding fear drive fear expression during long-term memory retrieval (2019)

The prefrontal cortex is an important regulator of fear expression in humans and rodents. Specifically, the rodent prelimbic (PL) prefrontal cortex drives fear expression during both encoding and retrieval of fear memory. Neuronal ensembles have been proposed to function as memory encoding units, and their re-activation is thought to be necessary for memory retrieval and expression of conditioned behavior. However, it remains unclear whether PL cortex neuronal ensembles that encode fear memory contribute to long-term fear expression during memory retrieval. To address this, we employed a viral-mediated TRAP (Targeted Recombination in Active Population) technology to target PL cortex ensembles active during fear conditioning and expressed the inhibitory Gi-DREADD in fear-encoding ensembles. Male and female rats were trained to lever press for food and subjected to Pavlovian delay fear conditioning, then 28 days later, they underwent a fear memory retrieval test. Chemogenetic inhibition of TRAPed PL cortex ensembles reduced conditioned suppression of food seeking in females, but not males. Neither context nor tone freezing behavior was altered by this manipulation during the same retrieval test. Thus, fear-encoding ensembles in PL cortex drive long-term fear expression in a sex and fear modality dependent manner.