gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wavelength-Division Multiplexed Optical Cryptocurrency (2021)

We propose an optical proof-of-work scheme that feeds data encoded into wavelength-division multiplexed modes through a programmable photonic network. We verify robustness by modeling network dispersion, allowing for energy-efficient optical al- ternatives to current cryptocurrency security schemes.
Effects of Tamoxifen on Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women With Breast Cancer (1992)

LOVE, RICHARD R.; MAZESS, RICHARD B.; BARDEN, HOWARD S.; EPSTEIN, SOL; NEWCOMB, POLLY A.; JORDAN, V. CRAIG; CARBONE, PAUL P.; DEMETS, DAVID L.Author Information
Analysis of an influenza A virus mutant with a deletion in the NS segment (1984)

The influenza virus host range mutant CR43-3, derived by recombination from the A/Alaska/6/77 and the cold-adapted and temperature-sensitive A/Ann Arbor/6/60 viruses, has previously been shown to possess a defect in the NS gene. To characterize this defect, nucleotide sequence data were obtained from cloned cDNAs. The CR43-3 NS gene was found to be 854 nucleotides long and to derive from the NS gene of the A/Alaska/6/77 parent virus by an internal deletion of 36 nucleotides. Direct sequencing of RNA 8 of CR43-3 virus confirmed that the deletion in the NS1-coding region was not an artifact that was generated during the cloning procedure. Protein analysis indicated that the NS1 protein of CR43-3 virus was synthesized in equal amounts in the restrictive (MDCK) cells as well as in the permissive (PCK) host cells. Also, indirect immunofluorescence studies of virus-infected cells showed that the NS1 protein of CR43-3 virus, like that of the parent viruses, accumulates in the nuclei of both cell systems. Although no differences in synthesis or localization of the NS1 protein could be detected, a consistent reduction in M1 protein was noted in CR43-3 virus-infected, nonpermissive cells as compared with that of the permissive host. Since analysis of the CR43-3 virus required us to obtain the NS nucleotide sequence of the 1977 isolate A/Alaska/6/77, we were able to compare this sequence with those of corresponding genes of earlier strains. The result of this analysis supports the idea of a common lineage of human influenza A viruses isolated over a 43-year period.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Clusterin Mediates TGF-β–Induced Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition and Metastasis via Twist1 in Prostate Cancer Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 48K, PC-3 cells were transfected with 40 nmol/L of the indicated siRNA. At 48 h after transfection, the media was changed to serum-free media +/- 0.1 ng/mL TGF-beta, and incubated for 24 h. Whole-cell extracts were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and western blot analysis with specified antibodies&lt;/p&gt;
Interface Precipitation and Application to Practical Steels (2017)

The interface-precipitation has been observed as row carbide arrange since 1960’s. Whereas the interface-precipitated carbides in steels were NbC, TiC, VC and Cr23C6 in the early stage, composite TiC containing Mo and W has been also become to observe recently. Several kinds of the mechanism of the interface-precipitation have been suggested and ledge mechanism and bowing mechanism which combined interface barging and carbide precipitation are widely accepted since the mechanisms successfully explained a large amount of the experimental results. Fine interface-precipitates in low carbon steel realize high strength steel sheets, plates, bars and rods which are non-quenched and tempered. Especially, in sheet products, in which fine carbides can be easily generated, ferritic steel of 1180 MPa in tensile strength is successfully obtained by dispersing fine carbides with the diameter of several nano-meters.
Balancing egoistic and altruistic transmit beamforming in femtocell networks (2011)

In this paper, we study the balancing of egoistic (maximum-ratio, MR) and altruistic (zero-forcing, ZF) beamforming (BF) in femtocells through simulations. To investigate the achievable gains from operating between the extremes (egoism/altruism) we analyze the performance of beamformers constructed as linear combinations of the MR and ZF beamformers in case of equal gain transmission. We find that significant gains can be achieved if each femto access point (FAP) has knowledge of the preferred MR and ZF beamforming vectors and can choose its strategy accordingly. We also show that the optimality of any such strategy is strongly influenced by the applied criteria (sum rate maximization, fairness etc.).
Achieving Hybrid Wired/Wireless Industrial Networks With WDetServ: Reliability-Based Scheduling for Delay Guarantees (2018)

Industrial control systems are foreseen to operate over hybrid wired/wireless networks. While the controller will be deployed in the wired network, sensors and actuators will be deployed in a wireless sensor network (WSN). To support QoS for control systems, an end-to-end delay bound and a target reliability must be provided in both wireless and wired domains. However, for industrial WSNs, guaranteeing reliability is a challenging task because of low-power communications and the harsh wireless environment. In this work, we present the first QoS framework for arbitrary hybrid wired/wireless networks, which guarantees that the delay bound and the target reliability of each application are provided. As part of this framework, we propose the first reliability-based scheduler for WSN able to achieve a target reliability in the presence of dynamic interference. Simulations of the proposed scheduler prove its suitability in different interference scenarios and motivate further work.
Microoptical characterization and modeling of positioning forces on drosophila embryos self-assembled in two-dimensional arrays (2005)

In this paper, we describe high-precision experimental and numerical characterization of the positioning forces acting on Drosophila embryos that have self-assembled onto 2-D arrays of hydrophobic sites on a silicon substrate in water. The forces measured using a surface micromachined optical-encoder force sensor operating in reflection, are in good agreement with numerical simulations based on an extended surface energy model for the oil-based fluidic system. The positioning forces of ellipsoidal embryos on flat sites show a linear-spring-like relationship between the force and displacement on rectangular as well as cross-shaped sites. An average detachment force of 8.9 /spl mu/N/spl plusmn/1.3 /spl mu/N was found for the immobilized embryos on 250 /spl mu/m/spl times/100 /spl mu/m sites. The cross-shaped site has only 19.85% of the area of the rectangular site, but provides a comparable positioning force with a significant reduction in embryo clustering. In contrast, the positioning forces of flat silicon chips, similar in size to the embryos, are linear in the displacement only over a limited range (0/spl sim/40 /spl mu/m), and are then constant up to the detachment force (25.0 /spl mu/N/spl plusmn/3.5 /spl mu/N). Our measurements also show significant hysteresis in the force vs. displacement, indicating that variations in the surface properties play an important role in the self-assembly process.
Subspace Properties of Network Coding and Their Applications (2012)

Systems that employ network coding for content distribution convey to the receivers linear combinations of the source packets. If we assume randomized network coding, during this process, the network nodes collect random subspaces of the space spanned by the source packets. We establish several fundamental properties of the random subspaces induced in such a system and show that these subspaces implicitly carry topological information about the network and its state that can be passively collected and inferred. We leverage this information toward a number of applications that are interesting in their own right, such as topology inference, bottleneck discovery in peer-to-peer systems, and locating Byzantine attackers. We thus argue that randomized network coding, apart from its better known properties for improving information delivery rate, can additionally facilitate network management and control.
Liouville Quantum Gravity as a Mating of Trees (2025)

There is a simple way to ``glue together'' a coupled pair of continuum random trees (CRTs) to produce a topological sphere. The sphere comes equipped with a measure and a space-filling curve (which describes the ``interface'' between the trees). We present an explicit and canonical way to embed the sphere in $\C \cup \{ \infty \}$. In this embedding, the measure is a form of Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) with parameter $\gamma \in (0,2)$, and the curve is space-filling SLE$_{\kappa'}$ with $\kappa' = 16/\gamma^2$. Achieving this requires us to develop an extensive suite of tools for working with LQG surfaces. We explain how to conformally weld so-called ``quantum wedges'' to obtain new quantum wedges of different weights. We construct finite-volume quantum disks and spheres of various types, and give a Poissonian description of the set of quantum disks cut off by a boundary-intersecting SLE$_{\kappa}(\rho)$ process with $\kappa \in (0,4)$. We also establish a {\em L\'evy tree} description of the set of quantum disks to the left (or right) of an SLE$_{\kappa'}$ with $\kappa' \in (4,8)$. We show that given two such trees, sampled independently, there is a.s.\ a canonical way to ``zip them together'' and recover the SLE$_{\kappa'}$. The law of the CRT pair we study was shown in an earlier paper to be the scaling limit of the discrete tree/dual-tree pair associated to an FK-decorated random planar map (RPM). Together, these results imply that FK-decorated RPM scales to CLE-decorated LQG in a certain ``tree structure'' topology.
Small Scale Helicopter Analysis and Controller Design for Non-Aggressive Flights (2006)

A simplified analysis is presented for small scale unmanned helicopter controller design suitable for non-aggressive flight scenarios. A Matlab based detailed approach has been followed to analyze system mathematical characteristics, and provide the design process tool for PID/PD and fuzzy logic controllers for the yaw, pitch, roll (Euler angles) and the height variables for hover and slow flight. Both controllers have performed well; have demonstrated promising results being at the same time simple and mathematically sound.
Durability and Availability of Erasure-Coded Storage Systems with Concurrent Maintenance (2023)

This initial version of this document was written back in 2014 for the sole purpose of providing fundamentals of reliability theory as well as to identify the theoretical types of machinery for the prediction of durability/availability of erasure-coded storage systems. Since the definition of a "system" is too broad, we specifically focus on warm/cold storage systems where the data is stored in a distributed fashion across different storage units with or without continuous operation. The contents of this document are dedicated to a review of fundamentals, a few major improved stochastic models, and several contributions of my work relevant to the field. One of the contributions of this document is the introduction of the most general form of Markov models for the estimation of mean time to failure. This work was partially later published in IEEE Transactions on Reliability. Very good approximations for the closed-form solutions for this general model are also investigated. Various storage configurations under different policies are compared using such advanced models. Later in a subsequent chapter, we have also considered multi-dimensional Markov models to address detached drive-medium combinations such as those found in optical disk and tape storage systems. It is not hard to anticipate such a system structure would most likely be part of future DNA storage libraries. This work is partially published in Elsevier Reliability and System Safety. Topics that include simulation modelings for more accurate estimations are included towards the end of the document by noting the deficiencies of the simplified canonical as well as more complex Markov models, due mainly to the stationary and static nature of Markovinity. Throughout the document, we shall focus on concurrently maintained systems although the discussions will only slightly change for the systems repaired one device at a time.
Fault-Tolerance of Robust Feed-Forward Architecture Using Single-Ended and Differential Deep-Submicron Circuits Under Massive Defect Density (2006)

An assessment of the fault-tolerance properties of single-ended and differential signaling is shown in the context of a high defect density environment, using a robust error-absorbing circuit architecture. A software tool based on Monte-Carlo simulations is used for the reliability analysis of the examined logic families. A benefit of the differential circuit over standard single-ended is shown in case of complex systems. Moreover, analysis of reliability of different circuits and discussion on the optimal granularity of redundant blocks was made.
Effect of Surface Moisture on the Polarization of Individual Glass Spheres (1998)

Abstract When glass particles adsorb water from humid environments their low frequency dielectric properties change drastically. To investigate the polarization mechanism, variable frequency measurements upon individual glass particles (∼ 50 μm diameter) suspended in silicone oil were performed with a computer-controlled dielectrophoretic levitator. The electrical properties of individual particles have been measured in the frequency range between 10 Hz and 100 kHz. A relaxation in the induced dipole moment of moistened glass particles suspended in silicone oil is clearly evident in measured spectra. Surface moisture causes the characteristic relaxation times of soda-lime glass particles to change by up to 5 orders of magnitude. The relaxation spectra are satisfactorily modeled by the Debye equation and a model based on ohmic surface conduction appears to explain the phenomenon. This research has potential implications with respect to the controversy surrounding the influence of moisture on the performance of electrorheological fluids. Key Words: ParticlesspectrarelaxationmoisturewaterDebyeglasspolarizationdipole momentsurfaceconductionelectrorheological fluid
FIR Filter Design Based Neural Network (2018)

The Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter is one of the most important components in digital communications. Therefore, any enhancement of the FIR filter design will improve the efficiency of digital communications. There are several methods proposed to design or improve FIR filters. Involving Artificial Neural Network (ANN) in the FIR designing process is a modern technique that benefits from the high flexibility and non-linearity properties of the ANN. Many works have been proposed in this field, but most of them use random initial values to train neural networks, often producing results with unpredictable quality ( weak and not optimal). On the other hand, other researches propose methods for modifying the transfer function of the FIR filter with the aim of enhancing the method, also leading to unsatisfied results in general cases. In this paper, we propose a novel solution to overcome the limitations of previous works by applying a modified training methods. The proposed method considers the ideal FIR filter as a target value, whereas using a pre-existing (window) methods to obtain the initial value and then use a modified back propagation algorithm (error value modification) to train the neural network. The modification in the error value gives the ability for increasing the stop-band ripple or decreasing the pass-band ripple separately, depending on the desired FIR filter.
Impact of doxorubicin dose capping on the outcome of DLBCL patients with elevated body surface area (2017)

International audience
Interleukin-10 producing Lactococcus lactis for the treatment of Crohn??s disease (2005)

Braat, H1; Rottiers, P2; Huyghebaert, N3; Remaut, E2; Remon, J-P3; van Deventer, S1; Neirynck, S2 4; Peppelenbosch, MP5; Steidler, LS2 4; Hommes, DW3 Author Information
A collagen IV–derived peptide disrupts α5β1 integrin and potentiates Ang2/Tie2 signaling (2019)

The angiopoietin (Ang)/Tie2 signaling pathway is essential for maintaining vascular homeostasis, and its dysregulation is associated with several diseases. Interactions between Tie2 and α5β1 integrin have emerged as part of this control; however, the mechanism is incompletely understood. AXT107, a collagen IV-derived peptide, has strong antipermeability activity and has enabled the elucidation of this previously undetermined mechanism. Previously, AXT107 was shown to inhibit VEGFR2 and other growth factor signaling via receptor tyrosine kinase association with specific integrins. AXT107 disrupts α5β1 and stimulates the relocation of Tie2 and α5 to cell junctions. In the presence of Ang2 and AXT107, junctional Tie2 is activated, downstream survival signals are upregulated, F-actin is rearranged to strengthen junctions, and, as a result, endothelial junctional permeability is reduced. These data suggest that α5β1 sequesters Tie2 in nonjunctional locations in endothelial cell membranes and that AXT107-induced disruption of α5β1 promotes clustering of Tie2 at junctions and converts Ang2 into a strong agonist, similar to responses observed when Ang1 levels greatly exceed those of Ang2. The potentiation of Tie2 activation by Ang2 even extended to mouse models in which AXT107 induced Tie2 phosphorylation in a model of hypoxia and inhibited vascular leakage in an Ang2-overexpression transgenic model and an LPS-induced inflammation model. Because Ang2 levels are very high in ischemic diseases, such as diabetic macular edema, neovascular age-related macular degeneration, uveitis, and cancer, targeting α5β1 with AXT107 provides a potentially more effective approach to treat these diseases.
Calcineurin Inhibitors: Pharmacologic Mechanisms Impacting Both Insulin Resistance and Insulin Secretion Leading to Glucose Dysregulation and Diabetes Mellitus (2016)

Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs), including tacrolimus and cyclosporine, are immune-modulating agents used in autoimmune disorders, glomerulonephritides, and after transplantation. CNIs are implicated as diabetogenic drugs but the mechanism is not clearly elucidated. Calcineurin is a cytosolic-phosphatase critical for T-lymphocyte activation. Calcineurin is widely distributed in different tissues responsible for glucose-regulation including pancreas, liver, skeletal muscle, adipocytes, brain, and gut. We describe the pharmacologic effects of CNIs in different tissues and impact on glucose regulation.
Lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) and macrophage antigen-1 (Mac-1): Cooperative partners in leukocyte emigration and function (2007)

Lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1; [1]) and macrophage antigen-1 (Mac-1; [2]) are some of the best-characterized integrins. Like other integrins, their diverse relationships and functions have lead to complex nomenclature. Integrins are heterodimeric receptors, consisting of type-I transmembrane glycoprotein α and β subunits. The a subunits of LFA-1 and Mac-1 were first named as αL and αM, respectively, in 1983 [3–5] . The Third International Workshop on Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens assigned αL subunit as CD11a and αM subunit as CD11b, and the common β2 subunit as CD18 [6] The common β2 subunit of LFA-1 (αLβ2) and Mac-1 (αMβ2), forms a family with αxβ2 (p150,95, CD11c/CD18), and αDβ2 (CD11d/CD18). All four are expressed predominately on leukocytes [1, 7]. Another name of Mac-1 is complement receptor type-3 (CR3; [8]). Mac-1 had been called Mo-1 and OKM-1 early on until the antibodies were shown to recognize the same proteins [3, 6, 7, 9].
Studies on the Transport and Cellular Distribution of Vitamin A in Normal and Vitamin A-deficient Rats with Special Reference to the Vitamin A-binding Plasma Protein (1973)

Abstract The retinol-binding protein (RBP) and thyroxine-binding prealbumin were isolated from rat serum. Under physiological conditions RBP and prealbumin form a protein complex. Rat RBP exhibited characteristics very similar to those previously encountered for the human and monkey counterparts, including the association constant to prealbumin (8 x 106 m-1). Thyroxine-binding prealbumin in rat is in contrast to its human counterpart the major thyroxine carrying plasma protein. Its molecular weight differs from that of the human protein (51,000 and 62,000, respectively) in spite of its similar binding constant for thyroxine. The role of the vitamin A-transporting protein complex was investigated with respect to the tissue distribution of [3H-]-vitamin A in normal and vitamin A-deficient rats. It was demonstrated that the hepatocytes which stored virtually all liver vitamin A could rapidly mobilize newly administered vitamin, and the retinol occurred exclusively bound to RBP. The mobilization of liver vitamin A was unaffected by prior actinomycin D treatment of the rats, which suggests that newly synthesized RBP requires retinol for its release from the hepatocytes. An investigation was also undertaken of the role of the kidney as a storage organ for vitamin A. Kinetic measurements showed that the kidney received most of its vitamin A from RBP in contrast to the liver which gets its main supply from the chylomicrons. Fractionation of kidney cortex cells on a discontinuous silica gel gradient indicated that most vitamin A resided in tubular cells. The vitamin-containing cell fractions were shown to possess the property to take up RBP in vivo. These results suggest that some vitamin A may reach the kidney by a process of glomerular filtration followed by tubular reabsorption.
Ettingshausen Effect In Integer Quantum Hall Systems (2005)

Evidence of the Ettingshausen effect has been observed in the breakdown regime of the integer quantum Hall effect. Differential diagonal resistances in the two micro Hall bars attached to the current channel edges indicate an electron temperature difference in the direction perpendicular to the current. The observed polarity of the Ettingshausen effect is consistent with Akera’s hydrodynamic equations.
Electrogenic reduction of Rhodospirillum rubrum reaction centre bacteriochlorophyll P870+ by redox dyes (1985)

Rhodospirillum rubrum Membrane potential Proteoliposome Reaction center bacteriochlorophyll Intramolecular electron transfer Rapid kinetics
Round Robin Noise Measurement System Analysis Using Light Duty Diesel Engine (2015)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;NVH development of light duty diesel engines require significant collaboration with the OEM as compared to medium duty and heavy duty diesel engines. Typically, competitive benchmark studies and customer expectations define the NVH targets at the vehicle level and are subsequently cascaded down to the powertrain level. For engine manufacturing companies like Cummins Inc., it is imperative to work closely with OEM to deliver on the NVH expectations. In certain situations, engine level NVH targets needs to be demonstrated in the OEM or 3rd party acoustic test facility for customer satisfaction or commercial purposes. Engine noise tests across different noise test facilities may introduce some variation due to differences in the acoustic test facilities, test hardware, instrumentation differences, etc. In addition, the engine itself is a major source of variation. This technical paper documents one such case study conducted on a light duty diesel engine in three different acoustic test facilities. The paper also provides an explanation for the apparent noise differences observed in the end results. Finally, the paper provides the recommendations and best practices for conducting and delivering consistent noise test results.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Therapeutic Targeting of Integrin αvβ6 in Breast Cancer (2014)

Targeting αvβ6 with 264RAD alone or in combination with trastuzumab may provide a novel therapy for treating high-risk and trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer patients.