gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Statistical Evaluation of Non-Linear Parameter Estimation Procedures for Adsorption Equilibrium Models (2014)

Adsorption equilibrium is a fundamental concept in the adsorption science and relates the equilibrium between the quantity of the adsorbed material and its concentration in the bulk phase. Several models have been proposed for prediction of adsorption equilibrium and all models depend on parameters whose values must be estimated from available experimental data. Although linear parameter estimation procedures can be used for model fitting, through transformation of available experimental data and model parameters, non-linear parameter estimation procedures lead to more reliable results and allow for direct comparison of results obtained with different adsorption equilibrium models. The main objective of this work is to present and compare different non-linear procedures for parameter estimation of adsorption equilibrium models, based on theoretical arguments and also on the numerical estimation of adsorption equilibrium parameters, using available experimental data for adsorption of methylene blue onto activated carbon. The results obtained indicate that the best parameter estimation procedure is the one that relies on available equilibrium concentrations in the bulk phase as a function of the fluid volume, adsorbent mass and initial concentrations in the bulk phase, without transformation of measured experimental values and model parameters. Besides, it is shown that parameter estimates should be obtained through proper minimization of weighted least-squares objective function, in accordance with maximum likelihood procedures.
Identification of a Novel Jasmonate-Responsive Element in the AtJMT Promoter and Its Binding Protein for AtJMT Repression (2013)

Jasmonates (JAs) are important regulators of plant biotic and abiotic stress responses and development. AtJMT in Arabidopsis thaliana and BcNTR1 in Brassica campestris encode jasmonic acid carboxyl methyltransferases, which catalyze methyl jasmonate (MeJA) biosynthesis and are involved in JA signaling. Their expression is induced by MeJA application. To understand its regulatory mechanism, here we define a novel JA-responsive cis-element (JARE), G(C)TCCTGA, in the AtJMT and BcNTR1 promoters, by promoter deletion analysis and Yeast 1-Hybrid (Y1H) assays; the JARE is distinct from other JA-responsive cis-elements previously reported. We also used Y1H screening to identify a trans-acting factor, AtBBD1, which binds to the JARE and interacts with AtJAZ1 and AtJAZ4. Knockout and overexpression analyses showed that AtBBD1 and its close homologue AtBBD2 are functionally redundant and act as negative regulators of AtJMT expression. However, AtBBD1 positively regulated the JA-responsive expression of JR2. Chromatin immunoprecipitation from knockout and overexpression plants revealed that repression of AtJMT is associated with reduced histone acetylation in the promoter region containing the JARE. These results show that AtBBD1 interacts with JAZ proteins, binds to the JARE and represses AtJMT expression.
Abnormal neural response to phonological working memory demands in persistent developmental stuttering (2018)

Persistent developmental stuttering is a neurological disorder that commonly manifests as a motor problem. Cognitive theories, however, hold that poorly developed cognitive skills are the origins of stuttering. Working memory (WM), a multicomponent cognitive system that mediates information maintenance and manipulation, is known to play an important role in speech production, leading us to postulate that the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying stuttering may be associated with a WM deficit. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we aimed to elucidate brain mechanisms in a phonological WM task in adults who stutter and controls. A right-lateralized compensatory mechanism for a deficit in the rehearsal process and neural disconnections associated with the central executive dysfunction were found. Furthermore, the neural abnormalities underlying the phonological WM were independent of memory load. This study demonstrates for the first time the atypical neural responses to phonological WM in PWS, shedding new light on the underlying cause of stuttering.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Amino‐Acid Functionalized β‐Carbolines as Topoisomerase II Inhibitors. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Impact of RTN on Pattern Recognition Accuracy of RRAM-Based Synaptic Neural Network (2018)

Resistive switching memory devices can be categorized into either filamentary or non-filamentary ones depending on the switching mechanisms. Both types have been investigated as novel synaptic devices in hardware neural networks, but there is a lack of comparative study between them, especially in random telegraph noise (RTN) which could induce large resistance fluctuations. In this letter, we analyze the amplitude and occurrence rate of RTN in both Ta <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> filamentary and TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /a-Si (a-VMCO) non-filamentary resistive switching memory (RRAM) devices and evaluate its impact on the pattern recognition accuracy of neural networks. It is revealed that the non-filamentary RRAM has a tighter RTN amplitude distribution and much lower RTN occurrence rate than its filamentary counterpart, which leads to negligible RTN impact on recognition accuracy, making it a promising candidate in synaptic application.
Simultaneous Cu-Cu and Compliant Dielectric Bonding for 3D Stacking of ICs (2007)

This paper, for the first time reports the 3D stacking and interconnection of an extremely thinned IC by simultaneous Cu-Cu thermocompression and compliant glue layer bonding. Inclusion of a compliant glue layer serves reinforcement of the mechanical stability of the stack in areas where the inter-die interconnect density is low. It also enables separation in time of stacking on one hand and bonding on the other hand, thus enabling collective bonding after die to wafer stacking. We demonstrate electrically yielding 10 k through-wafer via chains without observable impact of the dielectric glue layer on the via chain resistance.
Reversed effects of DNA on hydride transfer and electron transfer reactions of acridinium and quinolinium ions (2003)

DNA inhibits hydride transfer from 1-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide to the 10-methylacridinium ion, whereas DNA accelerates photoinduced electron transfer from the excited state of Ru(bpy)3(2+) to the 1-methylquinolinium ion. The reason of such reversed effects of DNA on the hydride transfer and electron transfer reactions is clarified.
Electromechanical Characterization of 3D Printable Conductive Elastomer for Soft Robotics (2020)

Soft, stretchable sensors, such as artificial skins or tactile sensors, are attractive for numerous soft robotic applications due to the low material compliance. Conductive polymers are a necessary component of many soft sensors, and this work presents the electromechanical characterization of 3D-printable conductive polymer composites. Dog-bone shaped samples were 3D printed using a digital light processing (DLP)-based 3D printer for characterization. The 3D printable resin consists of monomer, crosslinker, conductive nano-filler, and a photo-initiator. The characterization was performed in two tracks. First, the effect of two different crosslinkers was investigated with different compositions and second, the effect of concentration of conductive nano-fillers was explored. Crosslinkers were chosen by referring to previous studies, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were utilized as conductive nano-fillers. The samples were 3D printed and characterized using an electromechanical test setup. To demonstrate utility for 3D printed soft robotics, a capacitance-based joystick sensor composed of both conductive and non-conductive resins was 3D printed.
Simulation in coronary artery anastomosis early in cardiothoracic surgical residency training: The Boot Camp experience (2020)

We evaluated focused training in coronary artery anastomosis with a porcine heart model and portable task station.
The eigenscrew decomposition of spatial stiffness matrices (2000)

A manipulator system is modeled as a kinematically unconstrained rigid body suspended by elastic devices. The structure of spatial stiffness is investigated by evaluating the stiffness matrix "primitives"-the rank-1 matrices that compose a spatial stiffness matrix. Although the decomposition of a rank-2 or higher stiffness matrix into the sum of rank-1 matrices is not unique, one property of the set of matrices is conserved. This property, defined as the stiffness-coupling index, identifies how the translational and rotational components of the stiffness are related. Here, we investigate the stiffness-coupling index of the rank-1 matrices that compose a spatial stiffness matrix. We develop a matrix decomposition that yields a set of rank-1 stiffness matrices that identifies the bounds on the stiffness-coupling index for any decomposition. This decomposition, referred to as the eigenscrew decomposition, is shown to be invariant in coordinate transformation. With this decomposition, we provide some physical insight into the behavior associated with a general spatial stiffness matrix.
Porous silicon vapor sensor based on polarization interferometry (2002)

We present a new signal transduction mechanism based on the optical form birefringence property of porous silicon, and demonstrate its application to vapor sensing. We demonstrate that polarization interferometry based on the optical anisotropy or form birefringence of porous silicon can be used as a new signal transduction mechanism and illustrates its potential for various chemical and biological sensing applications.
Human Interpretable Radar Through Deep Generative Models (2022)

Imaging radars are a powerful new sensor aimed at the autonomous vehicle market. With high angular resolution and dynamic range, such radars can discern between different adjacent objects, even when those are stationary. The output of the radar is a complex Point Cloud (PC) that is difficult for humans to understand and recognize objects. We investigate the use of machine learning to transform the radar PC to an interpretable format that can be understood intuitively. We employ two different generative models to transform radar PCs into synthetic LiDAR PCs and camera images of the scene. Our results demonstrate the imaging radar's ability to recognize objects such as pedestrians, parked vehicles, trees and road edges. We show how these tools can be used to analyse and evaluate the radar PC.
A Photoconductive, Thiophene–Fullerene Double-Cable Polymer, Nanorod Device (2012)

Gold/double-cable copolymer/gold multisegmented nanorods were prepared electrochemically via a template-based method. These "bulk heterojunction" nanorods showed photoconductivity providing us with a platform to study photoinduced charge separation/transport at the nanointerface and begin to think about the rational design of nanoscale solar cells based on such structures.
Eight Days of Cyclosporine Overdose: A Case Report (1993)

A 25-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of rising trough cyclosporine concentrations thought to be due to self-administration of 4 times the normal dosage of the drug for 8 days. Her symptoms included colicky central abdominal pains and urinary retention; her serum creatinine concentrations were elevated. Whole blood cyclosporine and metabolite concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography and monoclonal radioimmunoassays. The highest reported trough cyclosporine concentration was 5877 ng/ml, and AM1 (M17) concentration was 3425 ng/ml. A cyclosporine half-life of 91 hours was calculated. Nine days after the agent was discontinued the patient's serum creatinine concentration had returned to normal and her symptoms resolved. Due to the availability of three sizes of cyclosporine capsules, and the need for frequent dosage changes, continued vigilance is necessary to ensure that patients understand their drug regimen.
Neuroprotective and Anti—Neuroinflammatory Effects of a Poisonous Plant Croton tiglium Linn. Extract (2020)

Neuroinflammation is involved in various neurological diseases. Activated microglia secrete many pro-inflammatory factors and induce neuronal cell death. Thus, the inhibition of excessive proinflammatory activity of microglia leads to a therapeutic effect that alleviates the progression of neuronal degeneration. In this study, we investigated the effect of <i>Croton tiglium</i><i>(C. tiglium)</i> Linn. extract (CTE) on the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators in microglia and astrocytes via RT-PCR, Western blot, and nitric oxide assay. Neurotoxicity was measured by cell viability assay and GFP image analysis. Phagocytosis of microglia was measured using fluorescent zymosan particles. CTE significantly inhibited the production of neurotoxic inflammatory factors, including nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-α. In addition, CTE increased the production of the neurotrophic factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and the M2 phenotype of microglia. The culture medium retained after CTE treatment increased the survival of neurons, thereby indicating the neuroprotective effect of CTE. Our findings indicated that CTE inhibited pro-inflammatory response and increased the neuroprotective ability of microglia. In conclusion, although CTE is known to be a poisonous plant and listed on the FDA poisonous plant database, it can be used as a medicine if the amount is properly controlled. Our results suggested the potential benefits of CTE as a therapeutic agent for different neurodegenerative disorders involving neuroinflammation.
Concurrent Engineering in the Clinic (2013)

This chapter contains sections titled: Frederick Sanger: MRI and Its Beginnings in NMR, Ultrasound, Otto Wichterle: Father of the Soft Contact Lens, Harold Hopkins and the Fiberscope: “Let There Be Light”, The Accident: Wilson Greatbatch and the Pacemaker, Philip Drinker: Iron Lung, In All . . .
DICTIONARY OF THE ECONOMIC PRODUCTS OF INDIA pages 102 to 316 (2014)

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Network Sampling Designs for Relational Classification (2021)

Relational classification has been extensively studied recently due to its applications in social, biological, technological, and information networks. Much of the work in relational learning has focused on analyzing input data that comprise a single network. Although machine learning researchers have considered the issue of how to sample training and test sets from the input network (for evaluation), the mechanisms which are used to construct the input networks have largely been ignored. In most cases, the input network has itself been sampled from a larger target network (e.g., Facebook) and often the researcher is unaware of how the input network was constructed or what impact that may have on evaluation of the relational models. Since the goal in evaluating relational classification algorithms is to accurately assess their performance on the larger target network, it is critical to understand what impact the initial sampling method may have on our estimates of classification accuracy.In this paper, we present different sampling methods and systematically study their impact on evaluation of relational classification. Our results indicate that the choice of sampling method can impact classification performance, and thus consequently affects the accuracy of evaluation.
Cholesterol crystals use both extracellular and intracellular complement to increase NLRP3 signalling pathways in atherosclerosis (2020)

Abstract During atherosclerosis, cholesterol precipitates into cholesterol crystals (CC) in the vessel wall which trigger plaque inflammation. In the present, study we examined the relation between complement, NLRP3 signalling pathways and CC in patients with coronary artery disease and carotid atherosclerosis. We analysed plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and carotid plaques from patients with different degrees of atherosclerosis applying ELISAs, multiplex, qPCR, immunohistochemistry, gene profiling and bioinformatics. Transcripts of IL-1β and NLRP3 were increased and correlated in PBMC from patients with acute coronary syndrome. Immunohistochemistry of carotid plaques showed pronounced accumulation of C1q and terminal C5b-9 complement complex (TCC) around CC-clefts. Transcripts of C5aR1, C5aR2 and C3aR1 were increased in carotid plaques compared to control arteries. Priming of carotid plaques ex vivo with C5a and TNF followed by CC incubation resulted in pronounced upregulation of NLRP3 inflammasome components. Importantly, we found that intracellular “C5 system” is a major contributor of CC induced IL-1β in human macrophages through the action of C5aR1 present on mitochondria. Mechanisms underlaying the role of intracellular C5 in this process will be described. The data suggest that CC formation is an important extracellular and intracellular complement activator which in turn results in IL-1β expression and activation of NLRP3 in atherosclerotic plaques.
Endocytic trafficking of laminin is controlled by dystroglycan and disrupted in cancers (2014)

The dynamic interactions between cells and basement membranes serve as essential regulators of tissue architecture and function in metazoans, and perturbation of these interactions contributes to the progression of a wide range of human diseases, including cancers. Here, we reveal the pathway and mechanism for the endocytic trafficking of a prominent basement membrane protein, laminin-111 (referred to here as laminin), and their disruption in disease. Live-cell imaging of epithelial cells revealed pronounced internalization of laminin into endocytic vesicles. Laminin internalization was receptor mediated and dynamin dependent, and laminin proceeded to the lysosome through the late endosome. Manipulation of laminin receptor expression revealed that the dominant regulator of laminin internalization is dystroglycan, a laminin receptor that is functionally perturbed in muscular dystrophies and in many cancers. Correspondingly, laminin internalization was found to be deficient in aggressive cancer cells displaying non-functional dystroglycan, and restoration of dystroglycan function strongly enhanced the endocytosis of laminin in both breast cancer and glioblastoma cells. These results establish previously unrecognized mechanisms for the modulation of cell-basement-membrane communication in normal cells and identify a profound disruption of endocytic laminin trafficking in aggressive cancer subtypes.
Primer of Diagnostic Imaging (1994)

This book consists of 15 chapters covering: chest, cardiac, GI, GU, musculoskeletal, obstetrics, gynaecology, mammography, neuro, head and neck, vascular, paediatric and nuclear medicine. These are followed by chapters on pharmaceuticals, physics and differential diagnosis. The text is highlighted with tables of clinical and imaging information.
Direct Fuel Cell DFC Durability Progress (2013)

FuelCell Energy, Inc. (FCE) is a global leader in providing ultra-clean baseload distributed generation at more than 50 locations worldwide. These plants have generated more than one billion kilowatt hours of ultra-clean power using a variety of fuels including renewable biogas, coal-bed methane, propane, and natural gas. The generator design is based on the internal reforming direct carbonate fuel cell (DFC®) concept. The key to widespread fuel cell commercial acceptance is grid competitive cost of electricity (COE). The prime contributor to the fuel cell COE is first-time and most importantly, periodic replacement costs of the fuel cell stack. As such, the focus of technology development is on reducing fuel cell cost as well as extending service. This paper reports on the progress on understanding and extending the carbonate fuel cell durability.
Homoclinic chaos in systems perturbed by weak Langevin noise (1990)

We consider the effect of weak additive noise on the homoclinic threshold of a driven dissipative nonlinear system. A new ``generalized'' Melnikov function is derived for the system and is seen to be the Melnikov function for the corresponding noise-free system plus a correction term that depends on the second-order noise characteristics. The correction term is explicitly calculated for three model systems [Duffing oscillator, Josephson junction, and rf superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID)]. The effect of a distribution of dc driving terms on the chaotic attractor of a dissipative system is also examined via numerical simulation of the rf SQUID.
Flow cytometric sorting, phylogenetic analysis and in situ detection of Oscillospira guillermondii, a large, morphologically conspicuous but uncultured ruminal bacterium (2003)

Flow cytometric sorting based on its large cell size enabled an enriched fraction of Oscillospira guillermondii cells to be obtained from the rumen contents of a sheep. Phylogenetic analysis based on cloned 16S rDNA sequences indicated that the bacterium is a member of the low-G+C Gram-positive bacterial cluster. Sporobacter termitidis and Papillibacter cinnamivorans were the most closely related known species, with sequence similarities of only 86.3-88.1 %. Fluorescently labelled 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes specific for Oscillospira were designed and applied to the rumen sample from which the enriched fraction was obtained. The probes hybridized specifically with the large, morphologically conspicuous Oscillospira cells.
Graphcut textures (2003)

In this paper we introduce a new algorithm for image and video texture synthesis. In our approach, patch regions from a sample image or video are transformed and copied to the output and then stitched together along optimal seams to generate a new (and typically larger) output. In contrast to other techniques, the size of the patch is not chosen a-priori, but instead a graph cut technique is used to determine the optimal patch region for any given offset between the input and output texture. Unlike dynamic programming, our graph cut technique for seam optimization is applicable in any dimension. We specifically explore it in 2D and 3D to perform video texture synthesis in addition to regular image synthesis. We present approximative offset search techniques that work well in conjunction with the presented patch size optimization. We show results for synthesizing regular, random, and natural images and videos. We also demonstrate how this method can be used to interactively merge different images to generate new scenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 16‐Membered Cyclic Depsipeptides via Direct Amide Cyclization. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Image informatics for studying the role of Alzheimer’s disease-related toxic proteins on neuronal network connectivity in primary co-cultures. (2015)

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