gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of Cyclooxygenase: A Novel Approach to Cancer Prevention (1997)

An expanding body of evidence indicates that downregulation of the cyclooxygenases (Cox-1 and Cox-2) will be an important strategy for preventing cancer because cyclooxygenases catalyze the formation of prostaglandins (PGs), and PGs have multiple effects that favor tumorigenesis. PGs also are more abundant in cancers than in the normal tissues from which cancers arise. Overexpression of Cox-2 in epithelial cells inhibits apoptosis and increases the invasiveness of tumor cells; inhibitors of Cox (e.g., NSAIDS) are chemopreventive; and tumorigenesis is inhibited in Cox-2 knockout mice. We focus in this review on strategies to selectively inhibit and downregulate the Cox-2 isoform. This is important because simultaneous inhibition of Cox-1 (constitutively expressed) and Cox-2 (inducible isoform), which is achieved with classical NSAIDs, interferes with the housekeeping functions of Cox-1 and thereby causes serious side effects, such as peptic ulcer disease. Simultaneous inhibition of Cox-1 and Cox-2 hence is not a realistic approach for chemoprevention in individuals at low to moderate risk for cancer. On the other hand, it appears possible to avoid many NSAID-dependent side effects by selective inhibition of Cox-2, which is also the isoform that is upregulated in benign and malignant tumors. Through understanding the biochemistry of these enzymes and the regulation of Cox-1 and Cox-2 gene expression, we review how Cox-2 can be regulated selectively as a target for chemopreventive therapy. We also discuss the potential importance and advantages of a multifaceted approach to diminishing the function of Cox-2 (i.e., combining inhibitors of enzyme function with inhibitors of gene expression).
HelmCoP: An Online Resource for Helminth Functional Genomics and Drug and Vaccine Targets Prioritization (2011)

A vast majority of the burden from neglected tropical diseases result from helminth infections (nematodes and platyhelminthes). Parasitic helminthes infect over 2 billion, exerting a high collective burden that rivals high-mortality conditions such as AIDS or malaria, and cause devastation to crops and livestock. The challenges to improve control of parasitic helminth infections are multi-fold and no single category of approaches will meet them all. New information such as helminth genomics, functional genomics and proteomics coupled with innovative bioinformatic approaches provide fundamental molecular information about these parasites, accelerating both basic research as well as development of effective diagnostics, vaccines and new drugs. To facilitate such studies we have developed an online resource, HelmCoP (Helminth Control and Prevention), built by integrating functional, structural and comparative genomic data from plant, animal and human helminthes, to enable researchers to develop strategies for drug, vaccine and pesticide prioritization, while also providing a useful comparative genomics platform. HelmCoP encompasses genomic data from several hosts, including model organisms, along with a comprehensive suite of structural and functional annotations, to assist in comparative analyses and to study host-parasite interactions. The HelmCoP interface, with a sophisticated query engine as a backbone, allows users to search for multi-factorial combinations of properties and serves readily accessible information that will assist in the identification of various genes of interest. HelmCoP is publicly available at: http://www.nematode.net/helmcop.html.
Trastuzumab Sensitizes Ovarian Cancer Cells to EGFR-targeted Therapeutics (2010)

Given the recent success of EGFR-targeted therapeutics for the treatment of other solid tumors, and the well-established safety profile of trastuzumab, results presented here provide a rationale for re-evaluation of trastuzumab as an experimental ovarian cancer therapeutic, either in concert with, or perhaps as a "primer" for EGFR-targeted therapeutics.
Probing the dynamics of hydrogen recombination on Si(100) (1991)

We have measured rotational distributions for H2 and D2 thermally desorbed from Si(100) surfaces using resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) for detection. These distributions are described by average rotational energies that are significantly lower than kTs (Ts=surface temperature) and exhibit slight, if any, isotopic dependence, i.e, 〈Erot(H2)〉=368±67 K and 〈Erot(D2)〉=348±65 K. The low average rotational energy clearly rules out recombination from a highly asymmetric transition state or recombination from high-impact-parameter collisions. The rotational distributions indicate that some dynamical constraint causes very little torque to be applied to molecular hydrogen during recombination. Our data may be interpreted as resulting from an exaggerated preference for reactive trajectories that are characterized by low-impact parameters and/or a high degree of symmetry of the bond axis relative to the potential energy surface, followed by prompt desorption of the newly formed molecular hydrogen from Si(100).
Cyclic Fatigue Life and Crack‐Growth Behavior of Microstructurally Small Cracks in Magnesia‐Partially‐Stabilized Zirconia Ceramics (1991)

Cyclic fatigue stress/life ( S / N ) and crack‐growth properties are investigated in magnesia‐partially‐stabilized zirconia (Mg‐PSZ), with particular reference to the role of crack size. The material studied is subeutectoid aged to vary the steady‐state fracture toughness, K c , from ∼3 to 16 MPa · m 1/2 · S / N data from unnotched specimens show markedly lower lives under tension—compression compared with tension—tension loading; “fatigue limits”(at 10 8 cycles) for the former case approach 50% of the tensile strength. Under tension—tension loading, cyclic crack‐growth rates of “long”(&gt; 3 mm) cracks are found to be power‐law dependent on the stress‐intensity range, Δ K , with a fatigue threshold, Δ K TH , of order 50% of K c . Conversely, naturally occurring “small”(1 to 100 μm) surface cracks are observed to grow at Δ K levels 2 to 3 times smaller than Δ K TH , similar to behavior widely reported for metallic materials. The observed small‐crack behavior is rationalized in terms of the restricted role of crack‐tip shielding (in PSZ from transformation toughening) with cracks of limited wake, analogous to the reduced role of crack closure with small fatigue cracks in metals. The implications of such data for structural design with ceramics are briefly discussed.
Angle-of-attack investigation of pin-fin arrays in nonuniform heat-removal cavities for interlayer cooled chip stacks (2011)

Interlayer cooling removes the heat dissipated by vertically stacked chips in multiple integrated fluid cavities. Its performance scales with the number of dies in the stack and is therefore superior to traditional back-side heat removal. Previous work indicated that pin-fin arrays are ideally suited as through-silicon-via-compatible heat transfer structures. In addition, four-port fluid-delivery and fluid-guiding structures improve the heat-removal performance for the nonuniform power maps of high-performance microprocessor chip stacks. Accordingly, an extension of the porous-media multi-scale modeling approach is presented as an efficient approach for designing nonuniform heat transfer cavities. A tensor description in combination with a look-up table is proposed to physically describe periodic porous media, such as pin-fin arrays, in detail. Conjugate heat and mass transfer sub-domain modeling is performed with periodic boundary conditions to derive the orientation-dependent permeability and angle offset between the pressure gradient and the Darcy velocity direction for pin-fin arrays with a pin diameter of 50 μm and pitch and height of 100 μm. A local permeability minimum at a flow direction of approx. 30° could be identified. At higher velocities, the fluid flow is biased towards the symmetry lines of the pin-fin array. The modeling concept was validated with experimental readings of a nonuniform, double-side-heated single test cavity. The main characteristics of the temperature field with respect to the four-port architecture, the guiding structures, the fluid temperature increase, and the nonuniform power dissipation are predicted correctly. A statistical comparison of power maps with different heat transfer contrast values resulted in a mean accuracy <;6% at a maximal standard deviation of 22.2%. Finally, the potential of the four-port architecture for nonuniform power maps with hot spots in the corners was demonstrated.
Clinical Investigations Left Ventricular Decompression During Speed Optimization Ramps in Patients Supported by Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Devices: Device-Specific Performance Characteristics and Impact on Diagnostic Algorithms (2015)

Background: Echocardiographic ramp tests have been widely used to help guide speed adjustments and for identification of potential device malfunctions in patients with axial continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) (Heartmate II LVAD [HMII]). Recently, the use of centrifugal-flow LVADs (Heartware LVAD [HVAD]) has been on the rise. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of ramp tests for assessing ventricular decompression in HVAD patients. Methods and Results: In this prospective study, ramp tests were performed before index hospitalization discharge or at the time of device malfunction. Vital signs, device parameters (including flow), and echocardiographic parameters (including left ventricular end-diastolic dimension [LVEDD], frequency of aortic valve [AV] opening, and valvular insufficiency) were recorded in increments of 100 rpm, from 2,300 rpm to 3,200 rpm. Twenty-six ramp tests were performed, 19 for speed optimization and 7 for device malfunction assessment. The average speed after the speed optimization ramp tests was 2,534.74 6 156.32 RPM, and the AV closed at a mean speed of 2,751.77 6 227.16 rpm, with 1 patient’s valve remaining open at the maximum speed. The reduction in LVEDD for each speed increase was significantly different when the AV was open or closed, at � 0.09 cm/increment and � 0.15 cm/increment, respectively (P 5 .013), which is significantly different than previously established HMII LVEDD slopes. There were also significant changes in overall device flow (P 5 .001), upper flow (P 5 .031), and lower flow (P 5 .003) after AV closure. The power slope did not change significantly after the AV closed (P 5 .656). Five of the 19 tests were stopped before completion owing to suction events, but all tests reached $3,000 rpm. Conclusions: The parameter slopes for the HMII cannot be directly applied to ramp studies in HVAD patients. Overall, the LVEDD slope is drastically smaller in magnitude than the previously reported HMII findings, and speed adjustments were not based on the degree of left ventricular unloading. Therefore, the slope of the LVEDD-rpm relationship is not likely to be helpful in evaluating HVAD function. (J Cardiac Fail 2015;21:785e791)
Protein immobilization on 3C-SiC (100) as a substrate for detecting the onset of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (2012)

Silicon Carbide (SiC), has been shown to be a bio- and hema-compatible substrate that could potentially be used in biosensor applications. The development of a viable biorecognition interface using SiC as the substrate material for bio-detection is described. Surface modification with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and immobilization via covalent conjugation of antimyoglobin (anti-Myo) on the modified surfaces is achieved, which are initial steps for immunosensing based devices. Successful formation of APTES layers and antibody immobilization were identified with surface water contact angle (SWCA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM).
Robust binary least squares: Relaxations and algorithms (2011)

Finding the least squares (LS) solution s to a system of linear equations Hs = y where H, y are given and s is a vector of binary variables, is a well known NP-hard problem. In this paper, we consider binary LS problems under the assumption that the coefficient matrix H is also unknown, and lies in a given uncertainty ellipsoid. We show that the corresponding worst-case robust optimization problem, although NP-hard, is still amenable to semidefinite relaxation (SDR)-based approximations. However, the relaxation step is not obvious, and requires a certain problem reformulation to be efficient. The proposed relaxation is motivated using Lagrangian duality and simulations suggest that it performs well, offering a robust alternative over the traditional SDR approaches for binary LS problems.
Fiducial and differential cross sections of Higgs boson production measured in the four-lepton decay channel in pp collisions ats=8 TeVwith the ATLAS detector (2014)

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Integral image word length reduction using overlapping rectangular regions (2016)

An integral image is a data table whose elements are the sums of pixel values taken from a source image. Using integral images, the total pixel value for any rectangular region in the source image can be calculated at high speeds. However, a large word length is required. In this study, we propose a word length reduction method for the integral image, which is based on the qualities of the integer addition operations. Using overlapping rectangular regions, we are able to reduce the word length and accurately calculate the total pixel values of the rectangular regions. This method can greatly reduce the word length when seeking the total pixel values of a large number of rectangular regions within the image.
Chemically Bonded Porogens in Methylsilsesquioxane (2002)

The electrical, optical, and mechanical properties of porous methylsilsesquioxane (MSQ) films created using two different sacrificial polymers: trimethoxysilyl norbornene (TMSNB), and triethoxysilyl norbornene (TESNB) were evaluated in this study. The introduction of porosity lowered the dielectric constant, the index of refraction, and the elastic modulus and hardness of the films as compared to the nonporous MSQ films. The dielectric constant was lowered from 2.7 for a pure MSQ film to 2.35 for a film with 30 wt % initial concentration of TMSNB. Similarly, the index of refraction was lowered from 1.42 to 1.30 for a 30:70 wt % TMSNB:MSQ film. The TMSNB:MSQ films showed a transition from closed-to-open cell porosity in the range from 20 to 30 wt % loading of sacrificial polymer as determined from positron annihilation spectroscopy. Improvements in the fracture toughness were observed for the TESNB:MSQ films as compared to the pure MSQ or TMSNB:MSQ films. © 2002 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Direction-Controlled Lifting System (1992)

Direction-Controlled Lifting System Masahiro Nishimura, Shigeyuki Yamashita, Norimitsu Yoshihama Pages 833-842 (1992 Proceedings of the 9th ISARC, Tokyo, Japan, ISSN 2413-5844) Abstract: In the construction of a high-rise building, structural members can be turned by the wind during lifting, making installation work more difficult and reducing productivity. This paper describes a system for the control of rotation around the vertical axis during the lifting of members. The system consists of three major units; a sensing unit, an operation unit, and an actuating unit. The operation unit incorporates a rate gyro, which keeps track of the lifted members in initial direction. It controls the actuating unit, Which consists of a pair of blowers that stabilize orientation during lifting. Although this system contributes greatly to safety and work efficiency when used alone, it will also be an extremely useful sub-system in the future total automation of construction. Keywords: No keywords DOI: https://doi.org/10.22260/ISARC1992/0098 Download fulltext Download BibTex Download Endnote (RIS) TeX Import to Mendeley
Propagation of sensor noise in oceanic hyperspectral remote sensing (2018)

In previous works, the authors have shown via numerical simulation that sensor noise, even assuming otherwise perfect knowledge of the environment, can cause large scale variations in the retrieval of concentrations of biophysical parameters in a water body, and also investigated methods for using statistical measures (such as the Mahalanobis distance) to help mitigate these issues. In this work, we derive explicit formulas that can be used to estimate how uncertainty in the sensor radiance is propagated to uncertainty in the remote sensing reflectanceR<sub>rs</sub>(λ), without the need for simulations. In particular, the formulas show that the variation in R<sub>rs</sub>(λ)is affected by not only the noise characteristics of the sensor, but also by the conditions (atmospheric parameters, viewing angles, altitude) under which the data is collected. We include validation results for the formulas over a wide range of atmospheric conditions, and show by example how the collection conditions can affect the uncertainty in R<sub>rs</sub>(λ).
Preparation and antibacterial behaviour of nanostructured Ag@SiO2–penicillin with silver nanoplates (2019)

Preparation of Ag@SiO<sub>2</sub>–penicillin NPs with superior synergistic and antibacterial properties against methicillin-resistant <italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic>.
Data from Combined Inhibition of Janus Kinase 1/2 for the Treatment of JAK2V617F-Driven Neoplasms: Selective Effects on Mutant Cells and Improvements in Measures of Disease Severity (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Deregulation of the Janus kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway is a hallmark for the Philadelphia chromosomenegative myeloproliferative diseases polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and primary myelofibrosis. We tested the efficacy of a selective JAK1/2 inhibitor in cellular and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; models of JAK2-driven malignancy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; A novel inhibitor of JAK1/2 was characterized using kinase assays. Cellular effects of this compound were measured in cell lines bearing the JAK2V617F or JAK1V658F mutation, and its antiproliferative activity against primary polycythemiavera patient cells was determined using clonogenic assays. Antineoplastic activity &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; was determined using a JAK2V617F-driven xenograft model, and effects of the compound on survival, organomegaly, body weight, and disease-associated inflammatory markers were measured.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; INCB16562 potently inhibited proliferation of cell lines and primary cells from PV patients carrying the JAK2V617F or JAK1V658F mutation by blocking JAK-STAT signaling and inducing apoptosis. &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt;, INCB16562 reduced malignant cell burden, reversed splenomegaly and normalized splenic architecture, improved body weight gains, and extended survival in a model of JAK2V617F-driven hematologic malignancy. Moreover, these mice suffered from markedly elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, similar to advanced myeloproliferative disease patients, which was reversed upon treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; These data showed that administration of the dual JAK1/2 inhibitor INCB16562 reduces malignant cell burden, normalizes spleen size and architecture, suppresses inflammatory cytokines, improves weight gain, and extends survival in a rodent model of JAK2V617F-driven hematologic malignancy. Thus, selective inhibitors of JAK1 and JAK2 represent a novel therapy for the patients with myeloproliferative diseases and other neoplasms associated with JAK dysregulation. (Clin Cancer Res 2009;15(22):6891900)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Strontium iodide instrument development for gamma spectroscopy and radioisotope identification (2014)

Development of the Europium-doped Strontium Iodide scintillator, SrI2(Eu2+), has progressed significantly in recent years. SrI2(Eu2+) has excellent material properties for gamma ray spectroscopy: high light yield (&lt;80,000 ph/MeV), excellent light yield proportionality, and high effective atomic number (Z = 49) for high photoelectric cross-section. High quality 1.5” and 2” diameter boules are now available due to rapid advances in SrI2(Eu) crystal growth. In these large SrI2(Eu) crystals, optical self-absorption by Eu<sup>2+</sup> degrades the energy resolution as measured by analog electronics, but we mitigate this effect through on-the-fly correction of the scintillation pulses by digital readout electronics. Using this digital correction technique we have demonstrated energy resolution of 2.9% FWHM at 662 keV for a 4 in3 SrI<sub>2</sub>(Eu) crystal, over 2.6 inches long. Based on this digital readout technology, we have developed a detector prototype with greatly improved radioisotope identification capability compared to Sodium Iodide, NaI(Tl). The higher resolution of SrI<sub>2</sub>(Eu) yields a factor of 2 to 5 improvement in radioisotope identification (RIID) error rate compared to NaI(Tl).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Substituted 5[H]Phenanthridin‐6‐ones as Potent Poly(ADP‐ribose)polymerase‐1 (PARP1) Inhibitors. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Design and Synthesis of Copper–Cobalt Catalysts for the Selective Conversion of Synthesis Gas to Ethanol and Higher Alcohols (2014)

Combining quantum-mechanical simulations and synthesis tools allows the design of highly efficient CuCo/MoO(x) catalysts for the selective conversion of synthesis gas (CO+H2) into ethanol and higher alcohols, which are of eminent interest for the production of platform chemicals from non-petroleum feedstocks. Density functional theory calculations coupled to microkinetic models identify mixed Cu-Co alloy sites, at Co-enriched surfaces, as ideal for the selective production of long-chain alcohols. Accordingly, a versatile synthesis route is developed based on metal nanoparticle exsolution from a molybdate precursor compound whose crystalline structure isomorphically accommodates Cu(2+) and Co(2+) cations in a wide range of compositions. As revealed by energy-dispersive X-ray nanospectroscopy and temperature-resolved X-ray diffraction, superior mixing of Cu and Co species promotes formation of CuCo alloy nanocrystals after activation, leading to two orders of magnitude higher yield to high alcohols than a benchmark CuCoCr catalyst. Substantiating simulations, the yield to high alcohols is maximized in parallel to the CuCo alloy contribution, for Co-rich surface compositions, for which Cu phase segregation is prevented.