gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dual channel injection-locked quadrature LO generation for a 4GHz instantaneous bandwidth receiver at 21GHz center frequency (2012)

This paper presents an LO generation scheme for a 21GHz center-frequency, 4GHz instantaneous bandwidth channelized receiver. A single 1.33GHz reference source is used to simultaneously generate 20GHz and 22GHz LOs with quadrature outputs. Injection locking is used instead of conventional PLL techniques allowing low-power quadrature generation. A harmonic-rich signal, containing both even and odd harmonics of the input reference signal, is generated using a digital pulse slimmer. Two ILO chains are used to lock on to the 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> and 11 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> harmonics of the reference signal generating the 20GHz and the 22GHz quadrature LOs respectively. The prototype design is implemented in IBM's 130nm CMOS process, draws 125mA from a 1.2V supply and occupies an active area of 1.8mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome (2016)

Our study shows that both ultrasound-guided tendon fenestration and PRP injection are effective for treatment of gluteal tendinosis, showing symptom improvement in both treatment groups.
Low-loss TiO<inf>2</inf> planar waveguides for nanophotonic applications (2010)

We deposit TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> planar waveguides on oxidized silicon substrates by reactive sputtering. The films exhibit Raman spectra consistent with an amorphous or anatase phase and have losses as low as 0.4 dB/cm at 826 nm.
Generalization of Selective Harmonic Control/Elimination (2006)

Previous work on selective harmonic elimination/control has made fundamental assumptions that enforce output waveform quarter- or half-wave symmetry, presumably in order to reduce the complexity of the resulting equations. However, the quarter- or half-wave symmetric assumption is not required and it restricts the solution space, which can result in sub-optimal solutions with regard to the uncontrolled harmonic distribution. More general formulations can be proposed which have varying degrees of additional complexity. In order to understand how these more general formulations can be obtained, a qualitative description of the waveform construction process for the two-level waveform case is discussed followed by presentation of the resulting system of equations. This two-level case is then generalized to the m-level, n-harmonic control problem. Finally, this generalization is used to analyze three-level waveforms. All solutions presented in this paper are unattainable utilizing previous techniques
Plasma Midregional Pro-atrial Natriuretic Peptide Is Associated With Blood Pressure Indices and Hypertension Severity in Adults With Hypertension (2009)

Plasma MR-proANP may be a marker of arterial stiffness and severity of hypertension in adults with hypertension.
Nonlinear Effects in Asymmetric Amino Acid Catalysis by Multiple Interconnected Stereoselective Catalytic Networks (2010)

A fine line: The generation of significant positive nonlinear effects in asymmetric amino acid catalysis under homogeneous conditions, which can be explained by the model for cooperative catalytic stereoselective pathways, is reported. The addition of an achiral aldehyde generated the multiple interconnected stereoselective catalytic network.
Improvements of magnetic suspension active vibration isolation for floating raft system (2016)

A floating raft system is a special double-layer isolation system aiming to reduce the level of noise and vibration and has been widely applied to many kinds of ships and submarines. It can isolate vibration of hosts and auxiliary machines and reduce the structural noise of ships and submarines effectively. It can also protect the equipments and instruments in ships and submarines from being damaged, and makes them to be operated properly when ships and submarines are subjected to external loads and sudden shocks. However, the floating raft system is generally a flexible structure and it is subject to multiple frequency disturbances. The design of control systems to enhance its isolation performance is an active area of research. This paper presents improvements achieved by using a dynamic step FXLMS controller whose main benefit is to balance convergence speed and steady-state error by making the convergence coefficient vary with time. The mathematical model of the dynamic system to be used in the controller is obtained by the observer/Kalman filter identification (OKID) method. The performance of the new solution (dynamic step size FXLMS with OKID model) is compared with previous work based on a fuzzy controller and a dynamic model identified via the prediction error method. Both simulated and experimental results confirm the validity and the benefits of the approach.
Predictors of reversibility of pulmonary hypertension in cardiac transplant recipients in the first postoperative year. (1996)

Nitroprusside testing improves the prediction of late posttransplant pulmonary vascular resistance; hence, it provides data that may be relevant to both early operative risk and later long-term effectiveness of cardiac transplantation. The finding of increased risk of fixed pulmonary hypertension associated with ischemic heart disease and smoking suggests that underlying atherosclerotic vascular disease may contribute to the irreversibility of pulmonary vascular resistance.
A 9.52 dB NCG FEC scheme and 164 bits/cycle low-complexity product decoder architecture (2016)

Powerful Forward Error Correction (FEC) schemes are used in optical communications to achieve bit-error rates below $10^{-15}$. These FECs follow one of two approaches: concatenation of simpler hard-decision codes or usage of inherently powerful soft-decision codes. The first approach yields lower Net Coding Gains (NCGs), but can usually work at higher code rates and have lower complexity decoders. In this work, we propose a novel FEC scheme based on a product code and a post-processing technique. It can achieve an NCG of 9.52~dB at a BER of $10^{-15}$ and 9.96~dB at a BER of $10^{-18}$, an error-correction performance that sits between that of current hard-decision and soft-decision FECs. A decoder architecture is designed, tested on FPGA and synthesized in 65 nm CMOS technology: its 164 bits/cycle worst-case information throughput can reach 100 Gb/s at the achieved frequency of 609~MHz. Its complexity is shown to be lower than that of hard-decision decoders in literature, and an order of magnitude lower than the estimated complexity of soft-decision decoders.
Poster abstract: ENav — A smartphone-based energy efficient vehicular navigation system (2014)

We present eNav, a smartphone-based vehicular GPS navigation system that has an energy-saving location sensing mode capable of drastically reducing navigation energy needs. Traditional implementations sample the phone GPS at the highest possible rate (usually 1Hz) to ensure constant highest possible localization accuracy. This practice results in excessive phone battery consumption and reduces the attainable length of a navigation session. The seemingly most common solution would be to always use a car-charger and keep the phone plugged-in during navigation at all times. However, according to a comprehensive survey we conducted, only a small percent of people would actually always carry around their phones' car-chargers and cables, as doing so is inconvenient and defeats the true “wireless” nature of mobile phones. In addressing this problem, eNav exploits the phone's lower-energy on-board motion sensors for approximate location sensing when the vehicle is sufficiently far from the next navigation waypoint, using actual GPS sampling only when close. Our user study shows that, while remaining virtually transparent to users, eNav can reduce navigation energy consumption by over 80% without compromising navigation quality or user experience.
ChemInform Abstract: Two Highly Efficient Syntheses of Scalemic Azocines. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Label-free detection of chemical messenger proteins (2007)

Recently, quality factors greater than 100 million were demonstrated using planar arrays of silica microtoroid resonators. These high Q factors allow the toroidal resonators to perform very sensitive detection experiments. By functionalizing the silica surface of the toroid using antibodies, the toroidal resonators become both specific and sensitive detectors. Targeted detection of Interleukin-2, a cytokine which stimulates production of T cells, is demonstrated. Additional cross-reactivity experiments are also performed to verify the sensor's behavior in a more complex environment.
Relationship of American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale Grade to Post-injury Hospitalization and Costs in Thoracic Spinal Cord Injury (2017)

Persons with less severe thoracic SCI, as reflected in AIS grade, spend fewer days in hospital over their lifetimes, leading to lower costs of inpatient care. Therapies improving AIS grade following thoracic SCI may provide cost savings in addition to addressing substantial unmet need.
Generation and optical parametric amplification of near-IR, few-cycle light pulses (2014)

We present different schemes for the generation of few-cycle multi-μJ light pulses in the range of 700-1400 nm together with the amplification of these pulses to several mJ in two ps-pumped optical parametric amplification stages.
Performance limits of electronic feed-forward and decision feedback equalizers for single mode fibre links (2005)

The performance limits of 10Gb/s optically amplified single mode fibre links using electronic FFE and DFE are experimentally and numerically investigated. The optimum configuration and maximum single span transmission distance are determined.
Effect of chlorination on the TlBr band edges for improved room temperature radiation detectors (Phys. Status Solidi B 6/2015) (2015)

The energy resolution of room temperature radiation detectors is limited by material properties such as the atomic number of the constituent atoms, band gap, electrical transport coefficients and crystalline purity, which critically affect both the stopping distance of ionizing radiation and the carrier collection from the material. Thallium bromide (TlBr) possesses properties that satisfy these criteria and has emerged as a leading candidate for next-generation detectors, but it currently suffers from degradation phenomena that limit long-term performance. Chemical surface treatments can drastically improve the lifetime of TlBr-based devices, with hydrochloric acid etching in particular shown to increase longevity, but the exact role of these treatments has remained poorly understood. Using a combination of experimental and theoretical methods, Varley et al. (pp. 1266–1271) address how these treatments influence the surface composition and the underlying electronic structure. Their results indicate that the etch treatment forms a TlBrxCl1-x alloy at the surface whose composition is sensitive to the chemical conditions. The surface alloy suppresses hole injection but may also provide several other beneficial functions that will require further study.
Supplementary Fig. from Gambogic acid is an antagonist of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins (2023)

Supplementary Fig. from Gambogic acid is an antagonist of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins
A bit-stream based scalar control of an induction motor (2008)

A field programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation of constant V/f scalar controller is presented. The implementation technique uses uniformly weighted single-bit streams. Various building blocks which are required for the implementation have been detailed. Preliminary experimental results on a three phase induction motor (IM) show that the technique is a viable alternative to standard techniques. The implementation uses approximately 600 logic elements (LE) on an Altera Stratix FPGA. Also this method is inherently parallel in nature and hence timing difficulties, as a result of an increase in complexity, are minimized.
Bone marrow stromal cells attenuate sepsis via prostaglandin E2–dependent reprogramming of host macrophages to increase their interleukin-10 production (2020)

Sepsis causes over 200,000 deaths yearly in the US; better treatments are urgently needed. Administering bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs—also known as mesenchymal stem cells) to mice before or shortly after inducing sepsis by cecal ligation and puncture reduced mortality and improved organ function. The beneficial effect of BMSCs was eliminated by macrophage depletion or pretreatment with antibodies specific for interleukin-10 (IL-10) or IL-10 receptor. Monocytes and/or macrophages from septic lungs made more IL-10 when prepared from mice treated with BMSCs versus untreated mice. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages produced more IL-10 when cultured with BMSCs, but this effect was eliminated if the BMSCs lacked the genes encoding Toll-like receptor 4, myeloid differentiation primary response gene-88, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-1a or cyclooxygenase-2. Our results suggest that BMSCs (activated by LPS or TNF-α) reprogram macrophages by releasing prostaglandin E2 that acts on the macrophages through the prostaglandin EP2 and EP4 receptors. Because BMSCs have been successfully given to humans and can easily be cultured and might be used without human leukocyte antigen matching, we suggest that cultured, banked human BMSCs may be effective in treating sepsis in high-risk patient groups.
Pressure Regimes in Sedimentary Basins and Their Prediction (2001)

Abstract Recognizing that pore pressure and pressure regimes are critical in the evolution of hydrocarbon provinces, geologists and drilling engineers joined forces to bring you new technology in this publication. The original publication was an outgrowth of an international forum sponsored by the Houston chapter of the American Association of Drilling Engineers. Experts in pore-pressure prediction from the geologic, geophysical, reservoir, and drilling communities were brought together to share the state of the art from each discipline. This product will interest pore-pressure interpreters, basin modelers, explorationists, drilling engineers, and rock physicists.
2-Benzamidoethyl Group − A Novel Type of Phosphate Protecting Group for Oligonucleotide Synthesis (2001)

A number of 5'-O-(4,4'-dimethoxytrityl)thymidine N,N-diisopropylamino phosphoramidites protected at P(III) with derivatives of 2-benzamidoethanol were synthesized and incorporated into synthetic oligonucleotides. Depending on substitution patterns at the alkyl chain, amido group, and phenyl ring, the time required for removal of these protecting groups using concentrated ammonium hydroxide varied from 48 h at 55 degrees C to 25 min at 25 degrees C. Of the 11 groups studied, 2-[N-isopropyl-N- (4-methoxybenzoyl)amino]ethyl- (H) and omega-(thionobenzoylamino)alkyl protections (I and K) were most easily removed. Derivatives of the 2-[N-methyl-N-benzoylamino]ethyl group (E-G) demonstrated moderate stability, but those of the 2-(N-benzoylamino)ethyl group (A-C) were the most stable. For the most reactive group, H, a phosphitylating reagent, bisamidite 60, was synthesized and used in the preparation of four deoxynucleoside phosphoramidites 28 and 65-67, plus the 2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)-5-methyluridine phosphoramidite 68. All of these novel building blocks were successfully tested in the preparation of natural, 20-mer oligonucleotides and their phosphorothioate analogues. With the model phosphotriester 37, the mechanism of deprotection was studied and revealed, in the case of group H, a pH-independent formation of the 2-oxazolinium cation 47. Under aqueous conditions, 47 gave 54, which in turn was converted in the presence of ammonia to a number of identified products. It is important to note that none of the products formed was reactive toward the oligonucleotide backbone or nucleic bases. Thus, a general strategy for protection of internucleosidic phosphodiester groups is described, which may also find application in synthetic organic chemistry of phosphorus(III) and (V).
Enzyme‐Free Colorimetric Detection of Cu2+ by Utilizing Target‐Triggered DNAzymes and Toehold‐Mediated DNA Strand Displacement Events (2017)

A new enzyme-free system for colorimetric Cu<sup>2+</sup> detection, which relies on target-triggered DNAzymes and toehold-mediated DNA strand-displacement circuits, is described. The system employs a DNAzyme designed to undergo self-cleavage in the presence of Cu<sup>2+</sup> and release a catalyst strand that triggers a sequential toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction. This event leads to the release of a split G-quadruplex DNAzyme strand that is initially caged and inactivated by a blocker strand. A fuel strand is further incorporated for the recycling of the catalyst strand to promote another toehold-mediated strand displacement event, which consequently produces a large number of active split G-quadruplex DNAzymes. By employing this design principle, target Cu<sup>2+</sup> was very successfully identified with a detection limit of 1.31 nm based on the distinct colorimetric signal developed by the oxidation of 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid promoted by the peroxidase mimicking activity of the released G-quadruplex DNAzymes. Finally, the practical capability of this sensing system was very successfully demonstrated by its use to reliably determine Cu<sup>2+</sup> in tap water.
High gain millimeter-wave lens antennas with improved aperture efficiency (2015)

The paper presents an effective approach for directivity maximization in high gain integrated lens antennas (ILAs) dedicated for 71–76/81–86 GHz wireless backhaul systems of mobile cellular networks. The proposed approach is based on improvement of ILA's aperture efficiency by optimization of the dimensions of a primary rectangular waveguide feed. The optimization was performed with 3-D electromagnetic simulation for hemielliptic lenses made of different dielectric materials. It was found that optimal feed dimensions depend only on the lens dielectric permittivity and are valid for lenses of different sizes. In particular, the optimum rectangular feed dimensions for a lens made of a material with the dielectric permittivity of 2.3 are 3.1×2.8 mm. Additionally wide impedance bandwidth is provided by insertion of a dielectric pin with proper size and depth into the waveguide feed structure. The pin is fabricated together with the lens (from a single piece of a raw material). The proposed approach improves the S 11 level from −9.7 dB to −16 dB in the whole 71–86 GHz frequency band. The optimized waveguide feed element and a hemielliptic lens with the diameter D = 120 mm were fabricated and measured. Measurement results of the fabricated lens demonstrated a large transmission bandwidth exceeding 60–90 GHz for the 10 dB level of the return loss. The measured gain in the 71–86 GHz frequency band is 37.4 – 38.6 dBi with the half power beam width less than 2°. The measured gain values are only 1.8 dB lower than the diffraction limit calculated for a circular aperture of the same diameter with a uniform field distribution.
High-speed intermittent-contact mode scanning probe microscopy using cantilevers with integrated electrostatic actuator and thermoelectric sensor (2009)

Integrated sensing and actuation are pivotal for making high-throughput scanning probe microscopy based devices where a large number of probes are employed for parallel operation. A thermoelectric sensor and an electrostatic-actuation platform fabricated on a cantilever can provide a simple way to integrate sensors and actuators on probes of these devices. The electrostatic actuation facilitates an intermittent-contact mode imaging method which can be implemented for parallel operation of cantilevers. It can improve the durability of these devices and the rate of signal amplitude-loss over time by significantly reducing tip wear. The speed of this method scales with the operating frequency of the cantilever because the imaging data is captured directly from the deflection signal at the oscillation frequency of the cantilever. Traditional intermittent-contact methods are slow, and can not be implemented on a large number of cantilevers because they rely on the demodulation of the cantilever-deflection signal. In the intermittent-contact mode imaging using electrostatic actuation, small-amplitude oscillation is employed for increased speed and reduced tip-sample force. However, significant tip-sample adhesion from soft materials, such as polymers and biological samples restricts the operating frequency of the small-amplitude oscillation and subsequently the throughout of the device. In this paper, an intermittent-contact mode scanning probe microscopy method using electrostatic actuation with input-shaping is presented which can overcome the limitations posed by the adhesive forces. Intermittent-contact operation at the resonant frequency of the cantilever and small cantilever-oscillation within the adhesive region can be achieved by this method. The thermoelectric sensor integrated on the cantilever provides an off-contact signal that can be used in a feedback manner to ensure reliable small-amplitude intermittent-contact mode operation.
K‐ ras oncogene activation in lung adenocarcinomas from former smokers evidence that K‐ ras mutations are an early and irreversible event in the development of adenocarcinoma of the lung (1993)

These findings support previous findings that suggest that codon 12 of the K-ras oncogene may be a specific target of the mutagenic activity of tobacco smoke, and suggest that DNA alterations at this site can occur early and irreversibly during the development of adenocarcinomas of the lung.
31.1: Evolution of Cellulose Triacetate (TAC) Films for LCDs: Novel Technologies for High Hardness, Durability, and Dimensional Stability (2015)

We have successfully developed two types of cellulose triacetate (TAC) polarizer protection films that meet the LCDs trends toward thinner and larger panels. The novel 25µm TAC film, which has high‐hardness and high‐durability, solves the problems caused by the reduction in the thickness of polarizers and is suitable for small‐sized LCDs. The novel Z‐TAC film, which has high‐dimensional‐stability, reduces warpage of large sized IPS‐TVs.