gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detecting cardiomyopathies in pregnancy and the postpartum period using ECG (2021)

Abstract Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been identified as a major threat to maternal health in the US and UK with cardiomyopathy being one of the most common acquired CVD in the pregnant and postpartum period. Diagnosing cardiomyopathy in pregnancy is challenging due to an overlap of cardiovascular symptoms with normal pregnancy symptoms. Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an ECG based deep learning model in identifying cardiomyopathy among pregnant and postpartum women. Methods We utilized an ECG based deep learning model to detect cardiomyopathy in a cohort of pregnant or postpartum women seen at multiple hospital sites. Model performance was evaluated using area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. We compared the diagnostic probabilities of the deep learning model with natriuretic peptides and a multivariable model consisting of demographic and clinical parameters. Results 1,807 women were included. 7%, 10% and 13% had LVEF ≤35%, &amp;lt;45% and &amp;lt;50% respectively. The ECG based deep learning model identified cardiomyopathy with an AUC of 0.92 for left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤35%, 0.89 for LVEF &amp;lt;45% and 0.87 for LVEF &amp;lt;50%. For LVEF ≤35%, AUC was higher in Black (0.95) and Hispanic (0.98) women compared to white (0.91). Natriuretic peptides and the multivariable model had AUCs of 0.85 and 0.72 respectively. Conclusions A deep learning model effectively identifies cardiomyopathy in pregnant or postpartum women, outperforms natriuretic peptides and traditional clinical parameters with the potential to become a powerful initial screening tool for cardiomyopathy in the obstetric care setting. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Other. Main funding source(s): This study was made possible using resources supported by the Mayo Clinic Women's Health Research Center and the Mayo Clinic Building Interdisciplinary Research Careers in Women's Health (BIRCWH) Program funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), grant number K12 HD065987. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
344 Does radiofrequency ablation of lone atrial flutter change the natural history of atrial arrhythmia? (2005)

Purpose:The development of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with atrial flutter (AFt) is not an infrequent phenomenon.We hypothesized that ablation of atrial flutter might change the natural history of subsequent AF development, compared to a control, unablated, AFt population. Methods and Results:The study group consisted of 215 consecutive patients, who underwent successful RFA of isthmus dependent AFt from 1997-2003.Patients who had no structural heart disease or permanent pacemaker/ICD, and no previous history of AF (n=97)were included in this analysis.Patients with "lone AFt", who had received only medical therapy from 1965-1995 in the same Institute (n=59) comprised the control group.AF occurred in 35 patients (36.8%) of the study group during 2.3 4-1.9 years of follow up and in 30 patients (33.3%) of the control group during 6.7 4-6.4 years.Kaplan Mayer analysis demonstrated no significant difference in cumulative survival without AF between the groups (fig).The 1 year cumulative probabiky of AF in the study group was 24%(95% CI 15-32%) and in the control group -15% (95% CI 5-24%). + aTime to first atrial fibrillation event Conclusions: Patients who presented with isthmus dependent AFt are at significant risk of subsequent AE Successful RFA of AF1 did not diminish late AF occurrence.
Targeted therapy against human lung cancer in nude mice by high-affinity recombinant antimesothelin single-chain Fv immunotoxin. (2002)

Several tumors, including mesothelioma and ovarian cancer, can overexpress mesothelin, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked differentiation glycoprotein. The membrane-bound type of mesothelin is found in the blood of cancer patients at a very low level, which makes mesothelin a good candidate for targeted therapy of certain cancers. An antimesothelin disulfide-linked Fv (SS1 Fv) was fused to a truncated mutant of Pseudomonas exotoxin A to produce the recombinant immunotoxin SS1(dsFv)-PE38, which has a high binding affinity to mesothelin (Kd = 0.7 nM). Our studies in vitro showed that SS1(dsFv)-PE38 is significantly more cytotoxic to the high-mesothelin-producing NCI-H226 human non-small cell lung cancer cells than to human lung adenocarcinoma PC14PE6 cells, which do not express mesothelin. When administered at a nontoxic dose of 500 microg/kg on days 7, 9, and 11 to nude mice injected i.v. with the two human lung cancer cell lines, SS1(dsFv)-PE38 selectively inhibited experimental lung metastases produced by the mesothelin-producing NCI-H226 cells. Our data indicate that mesothelin-producing squamous cell carcinoma of the lung may be a good target for this immunotoxin.
Anaconda: simulation-based synthesis of analog circuits via stochastic pattern search (2000)

Analog synthesis tools have traditionally traded quality for speed, substituting simplified circuit evaluation methods for full simulation in order to accelerate the numerical search for solution candidates. As a result, these tools have failed to migrate into mainstream use primarily because of difficulties in reconciling the simplified models required for synthesis with the industrial-strength simulation environments required for validation. We argue that for synthesis to be practical, it is essential to synthesize a circuit using the same simulation environment created to validate the circuit. In this paper, we develop a new numerical search algorithm efficient enough to allow full circuit simulation of each circuit candidate, and robust enough to find good solutions for difficult circuits. The method combines the population-of-solutions ideas from evolutionary algorithms with a novel variant of pattern search, and supports transparent network parallelism. Comparison of several synthesized cell-level circuits against manual industrial designs demonstrates the utility of the approach.
Periplasmic Proteins of the Extremophile Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (2007)

Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is a chemolithoautotrophic acidophile capable of obtaining energy by oxidizing ferrous iron or sulfur compounds such as metal sulfides. Some of the proteins involved in these oxidations have been described as forming part of the periplasm of this extremophile. The detailed study of the periplasmic components constitutes an important area to understand the physiology and environmental interactions of microorganisms. Proteomics analysis of the periplasmic fraction of A. ferrooxidans ATCC 23270 was performed by using high resolution linear ion trap-FT MS. We identified a total of 131 proteins in the periplasm of the microorganism grown in thiosulfate. When possible, functional categories were assigned to the proteins: 13.8% were transport and binding proteins, 14.6% were several kinds of cell envelope proteins, 10.8% were involved in energy metabolism, 10% were related to protein fate and folding, 10% were proteins with unknown functions, and 26.1% were proteins without homologues in databases. These last proteins are most likely characteristic of A. ferrooxidans and may have important roles yet to be assigned. The majority of the periplasmic proteins from A. ferrooxidans were very basic compared with those of neutrophilic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, suggesting a special adaptation of the chemolithoautotrophic bacterium to its very acidic environment. The high throughput proteomics approach used here not only helps to understand the physiology of this extreme acidophile but also offers an important contribution to the functional annotation for the available genomes of biomining microorganisms such as A. ferrooxidans for which no efficient genetic systems are available to disrupt genes by procedures such as homologous recombination.
Work Stealing with Parallelism Feedback (2008)

The dynamic subcellular localization of ERK1/2 plays an important role in regulating cell fate. Differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) involves inductive stimulation of ERK1/2, and therefore, inhibitors of the ERK cascade are used to maintain pluripotency. Interestingly, we found that in pluripotent mESCs, ERK1/2 do not translocate to the nucleus either before or after stimulation. This inhibition of nuclear translocation may be dependent on a lack of stimulated ERK1/2 interaction with importin7 rather than a lack of ERK1/2 phosphorylation activating translocation. At late stages of naive-to-primed transition, the action of the translocating machinery is restored, leading to elevation in ERK1/2-importin7 interaction and their nuclear translocation. Importantly, forcing ERK2 into the naive cells' nuclei accelerates their early differentiation, while prevention of the translocation restores stem cells' pluripotency. These results indicate that prevention of nuclear ERK1/2 translocation serves as a safety mechanism for keeping pluripotency of mESCs.
A phase II study of preoperative figitumumab (F) in patients (pts) with localized prostate cancer (PCa). (2010)

4662 Background: F is a fully human IgG2 monoclonal antibody against insulin- like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R). Activation of the IGF1R pathway is implicated in PCa progression. This study evaluated biologic and clinical effects of F in pts with treatment-naive localized PCa. Methods: Pts received F 20 mg/kg IV q3 weeks for 3 cycles. Radical prostatectomy was performed within 1 week of last dose. Single center, 1-stage design with primary endpoint of IGF1R expression inhibition by immunohistochemistry (IHC) (H0<5%, H1>30%, α=0.05, β=0.1). Additional studies included: serial PSA, serum IGF1 by ELISA, granulocyte IGF1R expression by flow cytometry, IHC of IGF1R downstream effectors and androgen receptor, and F tissue level. Results: Accrual completed 10/2009 with 16 pts. Baseline characteristics: median age 63 years (range 50-71), cT1:cT2 = 4:14 pts, Gleason score 6:7:9 = 1:14:1 pts, median PSA 7.2 (range 2.5-35). Post-op stage was pT2:pT3:pN1 in 5:9:1 pts and Gleason score 7:8:9 in 9:3:2 pts. 14 pts received 3 cycles, 2 pts received 1 cycle (1 pt choice, 1 grade 3 hyperglycemia in a pt with diabetes) with no F-related post-op adverse events. For all 16 pts a pre-op PSA decline from baseline by ≥25%, ≥30% and ≥50% occurred in 15 (94%), 14 (88%) and 5 (31%) pts respectively. Serum IGF1 increased by a mean 4.8 fold (P<0.001). Granulocyte IGF1R expression decreased in 13 of 14 pts with a mean change of -34% (range -54% to +17%, P<0.001). Preliminary IGF1R IHC results for 6 matched biopsy/prostatectomy specimens currently analyzed show that all had decreased IGF1R expression by visual score (based on % of cells with staining intensity 0-3): in pre-F and post-F PCa the mean IGF1R IHC score was 1.9 and 0.8 respectively (P=0.006), and the mean % of cells with IHC intensity score of 0-1 increased from 25% Pre-F to 92% post-F (P=0.003). Analyses will be completed on all tissues by 04/2010. Conclusions: F prior to prostatectomy was well tolerated. Single agent biologic and clinical activity was observed with compensatory serum IGF1 increase, decreased IGF1R expression on granulocytes and PCa tissues, and a high rate of PSA declines. These results support the clinical relevance of IGF1R signaling in PCa and justify further clinical trials. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Pfizer Pfizer Pfizer Pfizer
The effect of joint elasticity on bilateral teleoperation (2007)

In applications such as space and surgical robotics, the use of thin, lightweight manipulators and cable-driven end- effectors results in flexibility of the manipulator. In bilateral teleoperation, however, any flexibility in a link or joint of the robot reduces the transparency of teleoperation. In this paper, we analyze master-slave teleoperation transparency under slave robot joint elasticity and evaluate the added benefits of using extra sensors at the end-effector of the elastic-joint robot. It is shown that velocity (or position) feedback from the output shaft of the elastic joint improves free-space position tracking performance, which in the absence of such feedback is hampered by the joint's anti-resonance. Also, when the interaction forces with an environment are measured by a force sensor and fed back to the user, end-effector velocity feedback improves hard-contact force tracking performance. If the operating trajectories correspond to low frequencies, both free-space position tracking and hard-contact force tracking are satisfactory regardless of end-effector feedback, yet the elasticity in the joint will be transmitted to the user during a hard contact task unless end-effector velocity feedback is used.
The rapid terrain visualization interferometric synthetic aperture radar sensor (2003)

The Rapid Terrain Visualization interferometric synthetic aperture radar was designed and built at Sandia National Laboratories as part of an Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration (ACTD) to “demonstrate the technologies and infrastructure to meet the Army requirement for rapid generation of digital topographic data to support emerging crisis or contingencies.” This sensor is currently being operated by Sandia National Laboratories for the Joint Precision Strike Demonstration (JPSD) Project Office to provide highly accurate digital elevation models (DEMs) for military and civilian customers, both inside and outside of the United States. The sensor achieves better than DTED Level IV position accuracy in near real-time. The system is being flown on a deHavilland DHC-7 Army aircraft. This paper outlines some of the technologies used in the design of the system, discusses the performance, and will discuss operational issues. In addition, we will show results from recent flight tests, including high accuracy maps taken of the San Diego area.
Human germinal center B cells express the apoptosis-inducing genes Fas, c-myc, P53, and Bax but not the survival gene bcl-2. (1996)

During T cell-dependent antibody responses, B cells within germinal centers (GC) alter the affinity of their antigen receptor by introducing somatic mutations into variable region of immunoglobulin (IgV) genes. During this process, GC B cells are destined to die unless positively selected by antigens and CD40-ligand. To understand survival/death control of germinal center B cell, the expression of four apoptosis-inducing genes, Fas, c-myc, Bax, and P53, together with the survival gene bcl-2, has been analyzed herein among purified tonsillar naive, GC, and memory B cells. IgD+CD38- naive B cells were separated into CD23- (mature B cell [Bm]1) subset and CD23+ (Bm2), IgD-CD38+ GC B cells were separated into subsets of CD77+ centroblasts (Bm3) and CD77- centrocytes (Bm4), whereas IgD-CD38- cells represented the Bm5 memory B cell subset. Sequence analysis of IgV region genes indicated that somatic hypermutation was triggered in the Bm3 centroblast subset. Here we show that bcl-2 is only detectable with naive (Bm1 and 2) and memory B cell (Bm5) subsets, whereas all four apoptosis-inducing genes were most significantly expressed within GC B cells. Fas was equally expressed in Bm3 centroblasts and Bm4 centrocytes, whereas Bax was most significantly expressed in Bm4 centrocytes. c-myc, a positive regulator of cell cycle, was most significantly expressed in proliferating Bm3 centroblasts, whereas P53, a negative regulator of cell cycle, was most signficantly expressed in nonproliferating Bm4 centrocytes. The present results indicate that the survival/death of GC B cells are regulated by the up- and downregulation of multiple genes, among which the expression of c-myc and P53 in the absence of bcl-2 may prime the proliferating Bm3 centroblasts and nonproliferating Bm4 centrocytes to apoptosis.
Rearrangement of Exomethylenecephams to Homocephams (1990)

Exomethylenrcephams rearrange by reaction with diazo compounds in the presence of cupric sulfate to generate the homocepham ring-system.The hornocephem class of compounds was originally examined by Woodward and co-workers, derivative(1) was found to be devoid of antimicrobial activity.'More recently, Baldwln and co-workers have
Collective Rayleigh-Plateau Instability: A Mimic of Droplet Breakup in High Internal Phase Emulsion (2016)

Using a microfluidic multi-inlet coflow system, we show the Rayleigh-Plateau instability of adjacent, closely spaced fluid threads to be collective. Although droplet size distributions and breakup frequencies are unaffected by cooperativity when fluid threads are identical, breakup frequencies and wavelengths between mismatched fluid threads become locked due to this collective instability. Locking narrows the size distribution of drops that are produced from dissimilar threads, and thus the polydispersity of the emulsion. These observations motivate a hypothesized two-step mechanism for high internal phase emulsification, wherein coarse emulsion drops are elongated into close-packed fluid threads, which break into smaller droplets via a collective Rayleigh Plateau instability. Our results suggest that these elongated fluid threads break cooperatively, whereupon wavelength-locking reduces the ultimate droplet polydispersity of high-internal phase emulsions, consistent with experimental observations.
Investigation of BOLD using CARR-PURCELL T2 Weighting with SPIRAL Readout (2002)

It is demonstrated that a Carr-Purcell (CP) technique based on the fully adiabatic pulse sequence (CP-LASER) with SPIRAL readout can be used to generate zoomed images with relatively short acquisition window (at) for the investigation of the mechanisms of the BOLD effect. Based on the capability of the developed technique to refocus the dynamic dephasing, it is demonstrated that the BOLD effect is suppressed as the pulse interval cp of CP-LASER sequence decreased.
Continual Learning for Dense Labeling of Satellite Images (2019)

In dense labeling problem, the major drawback of the convolutional neural networks is their inability to learn new classes without affecting performance for the old classes on the data, having no annotations for the previous classes. In this work, we address the issue of adding new classes continually to the already trained network from a stream of data. Our approach comprises two main components: adaptation and remembering. For adaptation, we keep a clone of the previously trained network, which serves as a memory for the old classes in absence of their annotations on the new data. The updated network learns new as well as old classes on the current data using output of the memory network and the new ground-truth. For remembering, we store a little portion of the previous data, from which we systematically feed samples to the updated network during training. Our results prove that segmentation capabilities for the new classes can be added to the already trained network without catastrophically forgetting the previously learned information.
Acidic residues are involved in substrate recognition by two soluble protein tyrosine phosphatases, PTP-5 and rrbPTP-1 (1993)

The mechanisms for substrate recognition by two cytoplasmic protein tyrosine phosphatases, PTP-5 and rrbPTP-1, were investigated. Phosphorylation sites on tyrosine-phosphorylated casein, a model PTP substrate, were characterized. Two peptides based on casein phosphorylation sites and one peptide based on the tyrosine phosphorylation site of reduced, carboxamidomethylated and maleylated (RCM) lysozyme were tested as PTP substrates. The three peptides were dephosphorylated by PTP-5 and rrbPTP-1 at rates comparable to those of the corresponding sites on the intact proteins. This indicates that peptides based on the two model PTP substrates, casein and RCM-lysozyme, contained all or most of the structural information necessary for PTP-5 and rrbPTP-1 substrate recognition. Structural elements required for substrate recognition by PTP-5 and rrbPTP-1 were also investigated. Km values for dephosphorylation of three simple aromatic phosphate esters (phosphotyrosine, p-nitrophenyl phosphate, and phenyl phosphate) by rrbPTP-1 were about 5000-fold higher than those obtained for the peptide and protein substrates. This indicates that recognition of protein and peptide substrates involves structural elements in addition to the phosphate group and the aromatic tyrosine ring of phosphotyrosine. Analysis of the effects of truncations and Ala for polar substitutions on the reactivity with PTP-5 and rrbPTP-1 of peptides based on casein, RCM-lysozyme, and angiotensin II indicated that Asp or Glu within the first five residues on the N-terminal side of phosphotyrosine increased peptide reactivity with both PTP's. Asn residues were unable or only weakly able to substitute for Asp residues.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The influence of oligodeoxyribonucleotide phosphorothioate pyrimidine strands on triplex formation (1992)

Analogues of the homopyrimidine oligonucleotide dT15 that contained phosphorothioate bonds of a mixture of diastereoisomers or one of the two stereoisomers (either Rp or Sp) were synthesized. The analogues were mixed under conditions conducive to the formation of triple-stranded assemblies. The mixtures were characterized by their thermal stabilities (Tm values), CD spectra, and gel electrophoresis pattern. The 34-mer duplexes containing 15 central purines on one strand and 15 complementary pyrimidines on the other strand gave no detectable triple helix upon combination with dT15S14. On the other hand, 34-bp duplexes with dT15S1, having Rp or Sp, formed triple helixes. This suggests that a steric factor plays an important role in triple helix formation.
Genetic and functional analyses of polymorphisms in the human FSH receptor gene (2002)

To determine the influence of FSH receptor variants Thr307-Asn680 (TN) and Ala307-Ser680 (AS) on ovarian function, we investigated the frequency of these gene polymorphisms by using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and observed their effects on clinical manifestations. In a population of 522 Japanese women, the overall frequency of TN/TN (NN), TN/AS (NS), and AS/AS (SS) was 41.0, 46.9 and 12.1% respectively. In polycystic ovary patients, the NS population was significantly larger when compared with the spontaneously ovulating group (66.7 versus 43.5%, P < 0.05). In the SS group, a significantly higher (46%) basal level of serum FSH was observed as compared with that in the NS group (P < 0.05). A higher dose of the exogenous gonadotrophin was required to achieve ovulation induction in the SS group as compared with the NS group (P < 0.05). At the time of hCG administration, estradiol levels per oocyte retrieved for IVF in the SS group were significantly lower as compared with the levels in the NS and NN groups (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in FSH-stimulated cAMP production and PI turnover as well as ligand-binding affinity between the two receptor isoforms when overexpressed in transfected 293T cells. These results suggest that although FSH receptor polymorphisms have no discernible effect on FSH receptor function in vitro, there are associations between the genotype and some aspects of patient status.
Bandwidth Fair Application Layer Multicast for Multi-Party Video Conference Application (2009)

In this paper we propose bandwidth fair N-Tree algorithm for ALM distribution tree construction and a new protocol for ALM packet replication and distribution, namely Almcast. Both the tree construction algorithm and packet replication/distribution protocol were implemented as proof-of concept by modifying an existing multi-party video conference application. The results show that N-tree algorithm takes less than 3 ms to construct ALM distribution tree for 12 nodes. Almcast implementation enables the intermediate relay node to lookup for next destination, replicate and forward packets as fast as its receiving rate at application layer.