gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from Cetuximab-Based Immunotherapy and Radioimmunotherapy of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; To show the relationship between antibody delivery and therapeutic efficacy in head and neck cancers, in this study we evaluated the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)–targeted immunotherapy and radioimmunotherapy by quantitative positron emission tomography (PET) imaging.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; EGFR expression on UM-SCC-22B and SCC1 human head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) cells were determined by flow cytometry and immunostaining. Tumor delivery and distribution of cetuximab in tumor-bearing nude mice were evaluated with small animal PET using &lt;sup&gt;64&lt;/sup&gt;Cu-DOTA-cetuximab. The &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; toxicity of cetuximab to HNSCC cells was evaluated by MTT assay. The tumor-bearing mice were then treated with four doses of cetuximab at 10 mg/kg per dose, and tumor growth was evaluated by caliper measurement. FDG PET was done after the third dose of antibody administration to evaluate tumor response. Apoptosis and tumor cell proliferation after cetuximab treatment were analyzed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling and Ki-67 staining. Radioimmunotherapy was done with &lt;sup&gt;90&lt;/sup&gt;Y-DOTA-cetuximab.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; EGFR expression on UM-SCC-22B cells is lower than that on SCC1 cells. However, the UM-SCC-22B tumors showed much higher &lt;sup&gt;64&lt;/sup&gt;Cu-DOTA-cetuximab accumulation than the SCC1 tumors. Cetuximab-induced apoptosis in SCC1 tumors and tumor growth was significantly inhibited, whereas an agonistic effect of cetuximab on UM-SCC-22B tumor growth was observed. After cetuximab treatment, the SCC1 tumors showed decreased FDG uptake, and the UM-SCC-22B tumors had increased FDG uptake. UM-SCC-22B tumors are more responsive to &lt;sup&gt;90&lt;/sup&gt;Y-DOTA-cetuximab treatment than SCC1 tumors, partially due to the high tumor accumulation of the injected antibody.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; Cetuximab has an agonistic effect on the growth of UM-SCC-22B tumors, indicating that tumor response to cetuximab treatment is not necessarily related to EGFR expression and antibody delivery efficiency, as determined by PET imaging. Although PET imaging with antibodies as tracers has limited function in patient screening, it can provide guidance for targeted therapy using antibodies as delivery vehicles. Clin Cancer Res; 16(7); 2095–105. ©2010 AACR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Strain transfer structure as a mobility booster for fully-depleted SOI MOSFETs at the 10nm node (2013)

This paper presents mechanical simulations results of an innovative strain transfer structure. The strain induced by the edge relaxation of a buried SiGe layer is compared to strained SOI (sSOI) wafers for Fully Depleted Silicon-On-Insulator. We studied the influence of different dimensions including the active area and demonstrate a transfer of a tensile stress up to 1.3GPa in the Silicon, corresponding about 80% electron mobility enhancement for logic transistors at the 10nm node.
Lignin‐First Monomers to Catechol: Rational Cleavage of C−O and C−C Bonds over Zeolites (2021)

A catalytic route is developed to synthesize bio-renewable catechol from softwood-derived lignin-first monomers. This process concept consists of two steps: 1) O-demethylation of 4-n-propylguaiacol (4-PG) over acidic beta zeolites in hot pressurized liquid water delivering 4-n-propylcatechol (4-PC); 2) gas-phase C-dealkylation of 4-PC providing catechol and propylene over acidic ZSM-5 zeolites in the presence of water. With large pore sized beta-19 zeolite as catalyst, 4-PC is formed with more than 93 % selectivity at nearly full conversion of 4-PG. The acid-catalyzed C-dealkylation over ZSM-5 zeolite with medium pore size gives a catechol yield of 75 %. Overall, around 70 % catechol yield is obtained from pure 4-PG, or 56 % when starting from crude 4-PG monomers obtained from softwood by lignin-first RCF biorefinery. The selective cleavage of functional groups from biobased platform molecules through a green and sustainable process highlights the potential to shift feedstock from fossil oil to biomass, providing drop ins for the chemicals industry.
Statistical modeling of metal-gate Work-Function Variability in emerging device technologies and implications for circuit design (2008)

For the first time, a new source of random threshold voltage (V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</inf> ) fluctuation in emerging metal-gate transistors is identified, analytically modeled and investigated for its device and circuit-level implications. The new source of variability, christened Work-Function Variation (WFV), is caused by the dependency of metal work-function on the orientation of its grains. A statistical framework is developed, which enables estimation of the key parameters of work-function distribution by identifying the physical dimensions of the devices and properties of materials used in the fabrication. This paper offers three major contributions for process, device and circuit designers. First, the proposed model can be employed to identify suitable materials and fabrication processes that can reduce the impact of Vth fluctuation due to WFV. For instance, four types of metal nitride gate materials (TiN and TaN for NMOS and WN and MoN for PMOS devices) are studied and it is shown that TiN and WN result in lower Vth fluctuation. Second, device engineers can benefit from the result of this work by evaluating the WFV level of various types of classical or non-classical metal-gate CMOS transistors. As an example, it is shown that FinFET transistors are less affected by WFV compared to FD-SOI and Bulk-Si devices due to their larger gate area. Third, circuit designers can utilize this model to investigate the impact of such a variation on the key performance and reliability parameters of the circuits. For instance, an SRAM cell is analyzed in the presence of V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</inf> fluctuations due to WFV and it is shown that such variations can result in considerable performance and reliability degradation.
Ultracapacitor/battery electronic interface development. Final report (1998)

A flexible, highly efficient laboratory proof-of-concept Ultracapacitor/Battery Interface power electronic circuit with associated controls was developed on a cost-shared contract funded by the US Department of Energy (DOE), the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA), and the General Electric Company (GE). This power electronic interface translates the varying dc voltage on an ultracapacitor with bi-directional power flow to the dc bus of an inverter-supplied ac propulsion system in an electric vehicle application. In a related application, the electronic interface can also be utilized to interface a low-voltage battery to a dc bus of an inverter supplied ac propulsion system. Variations in voltage for these two intended applications occur (1) while extracting energy (discharge) or supplying energy (charge) to an ultracapacitor, and (2) while extracting energy (discharge) or supplying energy (charge) to a low-voltage battery. The control electronics of this interface is designed to be operated as a stand-alone unit acting in response to an external power command. However, the interface unit`s control is not configured to provide any of the vehicle system control functions associated with load leveling or power splitting between the propulsion battery and the ultracapacitor in an electric or hybrid vehicle application. A system study/preliminary design effort established the functional specification of the interface unit, including voltage, current, and power ratings, to meet the program objectives and technical goals for the development of a highly efficient ultracapacitor/battery electronic interface unit; and performed a system/application study of a hybrid-electric transit bus including an ultracapacitor and appropriate electronic interface. The maximum power capability of the ultracapacitor/battery electronic interface unit is 25 kW.
Combining document- and paragraph-based entity ranking (2008)

We study entity ranking on the INEX entity track and propose a simple graph-based ranking approach that enables to combine scores on document and paragraph level. The combined approach improves the retrieval results not only on the INEX testset, but similarly on TREC's expert finding task.
PEA-15 Binding to ERK1/2 MAPKs Is Required for Its Modulation of Integrin Activation (2003)

Activation of Raf-1 suppresses integrin activation, potentially through the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2). However, bulk ERK1/2 activation does not correlate with suppression. PEA-15 reverses suppression of integrin activation and binds ERK1/2. Here we report that PEA-15 reversal of integrin suppression depends on its capacity to bind ERK1/2, indicating that ERK1/2 function is indeed required for suppression. Mutations in either the death effector domain or C-terminal tail of PEA-15 that block ERK1/2 binding abrogated the reversal of integrin suppression. Furthermore, we used ERK/p38 chimeras and site-directed mutagenesis to identify ERK1/2 residues required for binding PEA-15. Mutations of residues that precede the alphaG helix and within the mitogen-activated protein kinase insert blocked ERK2 binding to PEA-15, but not activation of ERK2. These ERK2 mutants blocked the ability of PEA-15 to reverse suppression of integrin activation. Thus, PEA-15 regulation of integrin activation depends on its binding to ERK1/2. To directly test the role of ERK1/2 localization in suppression, we enforced membrane association of ERK1 and 2 by joining a membrane-targeting CAAX box sequence to them. Both ERK1-CAAX and ERK2-CAAX were membrane-localized and suppressed integrin activation. In contrast to suppression by membrane-targeted Raf-CAAX, suppression by ERK1/2-CAAX was not reversed by PEA-15. Thus, ERK1/2 are the Raf effectors for suppression of integrin activation, and PEA-15 reverses suppression by binding ERK1/2.
Characterization of the Specificity of Monoclonal Antibodies against Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Crossed Immunoelectrophoresis (1985)

The specificity of monoclonal antibodies against Mycobacterium tuberculosis was determined by crossed immunoelectrophoresis. Radiolabelled, non-precipitating monoclonal antibody was incorporated in the top gel together with unlabelled polyvalent, precipitating anti-bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) antibody. Inclusion of labelled antibody in individual precipitate lines was demonstrated by autoradiography. Each monoclonal antibody was localized in a single precipitate line: antibody TB73 reacted with BCG antigen 56; TB71 and TB72 reacted with BCG antigen 78; and TB78 reacted with BCG antigen 82. The technique permits precise determination of the specificity of monoclonal antibodies at the level of reactivity with native immunogenic components of complex microorganisms without prior antigen purification.
Static and Kinematic Analysis of a Planar Cable-Driven Flexible Endoscope (2009)

Flexible endoscopes are mainly used for diagnostics and performing simple therapeutic tasks inside human cavities but are now becoming the key instrument for the incisionless surgery known as natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES). Since the current endoscope technology gives limited maneuverability, dexterity, and functionality, a number of new endoscope designs have been proposed. Due to miniaturization, conduit, and actuation simplicity, many of the new designs rely on cable-actuating mechanisms similar to the current technology. Basic kinematical and static analyses for this device have not appeared in the literature. In this paper the articulated section of a planar cable-driven endoscope is modeled as a serial robot. The kinematic and static analyses for single-jointed and multi-jointed endoscope structures are performed to relate tip motion to the controlling inputs. Pre-tensioning cables increases the endoscope stiffness and extends its range of operation.
Compact Lightweight Polymeric-Metallic Resonator Antennas Using a New Radiating Mode (2015)

A new approach is introduced to show that bulk polymers with metallic plates/strips can be employed to design compact lightweight resonator antennas. A new fundamental mode is excited inside the polymer, based on the special boundary conditions enforced by the metallic plates and strip. By properly adjusting the physical parameters (e.g., the gap between metallic plate and strip), the mode is excited in an appropriate shape and significant miniaturization along with good radiation performance is achieved. An antenna structure is fabricated using acrylic (ε <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> = 3) and the measured results are compared with the results of other compact antennas, which can be realized using very high-permittivity materials. Besides over 70% reduction in weight, outstanding antenna features such as 10% impedance bandwidth, 5.7 dBi gain, over 90% efficiency, and dimensions smaller than λ/6, make the proposed approach more suitable for designing compact lightweight antennas.
Cooling mechanism for high performance device analysis (2020)

Performing optical failure analysis on high power consumption devices (e.gs. gaming GPUs, server chips) traditionally has many limitations. Some failures occur only at full speed meaning both high resolution imaging and active cooling must take place at the same time. Diamond cooling windows have high heat dissipation [1], but may require complete physical contact with all device hot spots during test to avoid thermal runaway. Water cooling solutions can overcome the physical contact problem, but present the issue of needing to protect lenses and turrets from the water coolant. Water containment solutions can place limitations on the number of lenses and magnifications available for imaging. This paper describes a novel, highly contained water cooling solution that has achieved 200 watt DUT power dissipation while allowing for both SIL and flexible 10-lens turret imaging.
The Stability and Decomposition of Gaseous [Mn(CO)5]2(μ-SiH2) (1988)

Abstract The ionic decomposition of gaseous bridge-bonded dimanganese silyl carbonyl [Mn(CO) 5 ] 2 (μ-SiH 2 ) has been investigated via photon and electron induced ionization mass spectroscopy, as well as gas-phase photoabsorption measurements. The thermodynamic cycle incorporating ionic fragments has been constructed from these results. The thermodynamic cycle illuminates the decomposition process of this organometallic compound. This has potential application in the production of silicide Mn 2 Si coatings by both pyrolysis and by patterned photolysis using an UV laser.
Absorption of Endoglucanase I and Cellobiohydrolase I of Trichoderma reesei during Hydrolysis of Microcrystalline Cellulose (2000)

Endoglucanase I and cellobiohydrolase I (EG I and CBH I) were purified from a commercial Trichoderma cellulase preparation. Adsorption of EG I and CBH I, alone and in combination, was investigated using microcrystalline cellulose. Capillary zone electrophoresis was developed as a sensitive (picomolar range) and reliable method for quantifying individual adsorbed enzymes. Adsorption kinetics as well as adsorption isotherms were evaluated for EG I and CBH I. The adsorption data followed the Langmuir adsorption equation. Adsorption parameters, Amax and Kp, were calculated for EG I and CBH I. CBH I showed higher binding affinity to Avicel, compared to EG I. The hydrolysis kinetic parameters, Vmax and Km, were determined for EG I and CBH I, and found to correlate with adsorption parameters.
Molecular Signatures of Sepsis (2001)

During sepsis the host's system-wide response to microbial invasion seems dysregulated. Here we explore the diverse multiorgan transcriptional programs activated during systemic inflammation in a cecal ligation/puncture model of sepsis in rats. Using DNA microarrays representing 7398 genes, we examined the temporal sequence of sepsis-induced gene expression patterns in major organ systems including lung, liver, kidney, thymus, spleen, and brain. Although genes known to be associated with systemic inflammation were identified by our global transcript analysis, many genes and expressed sequence tags not previously linked to the septic response were also elucidated. Taken together, our results suggest activation of a highly complex transcriptional response in individual organs of the septic animal. Several overlying themes emerged from our genome-scale analysis that includes 1) the sepsis response elicited gene expression profiles that were either organ-specific, common to more than one organ, or distinctly opposite in some organs; 2) the brain is protected from sepsis-induced gene activation relative to other organs; 3) the thymus and spleen have an interesting cohort of genes with opposing gene expression patterns; 4) genes with proinflammatory effects were often balanced by genes with anti-inflammatory effects (eg, interleukin-1beta/decoy receptor, xanthine oxidase/superoxide dismutase, Ca2+-dependent PLA2/Ca2+-independent PLA2); and 5) differential gene expression was observed in proteins responsible for preventing tissue injury and promoting homeostasis including anti-proteases (TIMP-1, Cpi-26), oxidant neutralizing enzymes (metallothionein), cytokine decoy receptors (interleukin-1RII), and tissue/vascular permeability factors (aquaporin 5, vascular endothelial growth factor). This global perspective of the sepsis response should provide a molecular framework for future research into the pathophysiology of systemic inflammation. Understanding, on a genome scale, how an organism responds to infection, may facilitate the development of enhanced detection and treatment modalities for sepsis.
SPICE modeling of memristors (2011)

In this paper we present a SPICE model for the titanium dioxide memristor device from its modeling equations as described in [1] and compare the SPICE simulations to the experimental data.
Density functional theory simulations of complex catalytic materials in reactive environments: beyond the ideal surface at low coverage (2014)

Advanced DFT models of complex catalysts, such as amorphous silica–alumina and supported subnanometric platinum particles, bridge the gap between the ideal surface model and the industrial catalyst.
Supplementary Table 1 from Biological properties of potent inhibitors of class I phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases: from PI-103 through PI-540, PI-620 to the oral agent GDC-0941 (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from Biological properties of potent inhibitors of class I phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases: from PI-103 through PI-540, PI-620 to the oral agent GDC-0941
Resist charging effect correction function qualification for photomasks production (2014)

We quantitatively evaluate Nuflare's latest resist charging effect correction (CEC) model for advanced photomask production using e-beam lithography. Functionality of this CEC model includes the simulation of static and timedependent charging effects together with an improved calibration method. CEC model calibration is performed by polynomial fitting of image placement distortions induced by various beam scattering effects on a special test design with writing density variations. CEC model parameters can be fine tuned for different photomask blank materials facilitating resist charging compensation maps for different product layers. Application of this CEC model into production yields a significant reduction in photomask image placement (IP), as well as improving photomask overlay between critical neighbouring layers. The correlations between IP improvement facilitated by this CEC model and single mask parameters are presented and discussed. The layer design specifics, resist and blank materials, coupled with their required exposure parameters are observed to be the major influences on CEC model performance.
Transient Depletion of CD4+ Cells Induces Remodeling of the TCR Repertoire in Gastrointestinal Cancer (2021)

Antibody-mediated transient depletion of CD4<sup>+</sup> cells enhances the expansion of tumor-reactive CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells and exhibits robust antitumor effects in preclinical and clinical studies. To investigate the clonal T-cell responses following transient CD4<sup>+</sup> cell depletion in patients with cancer, we conducted a temporal analysis of the T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire in the first-in-human clinical trial of IT1208, a defucosylated humanized monoclonal anti-CD4. Transient depletion of CD4<sup>+</sup> cells promoted replacement of T-cell clones among CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells in the blood. This replacement of the TCR repertoire was associated with the extent of CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cell depletion and an increase in CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell count in the blood. Next, we focused on T-cell clones overlapping between the blood and tumor in order to track tumor-associated T-cell clones in the blood. The total frequency of blood-tumor overlapping clones tended to increase in patients receiving a depleting dose of anti-CD4, which was accompanied by the replacement of overlapping clones. The greater expansion of CD8<sup>+</sup> overlapping clones was commonly observed in the patients who achieved tumor shrinkage. These results suggested that the clonal replacement of the TCR repertoire induced by transient CD4<sup>+</sup> cell depletion was accompanied by the expansion of tumor-reactive T-cell clones that mediated antitumor responses. Our findings propose beneficial remodeling of the TCR repertoire following transient CD4<sup>+</sup> cell depletion and provide novel insight into the antitumor effects of monoclonal anti-CD4 treatment in patients with cancer.<i>See related Spotlight on p. 601</i>.
Enabling methods for community health mapping in developing countries (2010)

The methods developed in this paper serve as a model for the involvement of communities in the generation of municipal maps and their application to community and health concerns.
An efficient FPGA implementation of a pulse-shaping IIR filter (2002)

An efficient field programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation of an IIR pulse-shaping filter is presented. Several techniques have been used in order to decrease the filter's processing time and the coefficients quantization effects. The filter was designed to functionally replace as closely as possible an analog one used in a medium capacity digital microwave radio. Simulation and experimental results agree closely with the theoretical predictions.
A Floating CDAC architecture for high-resolution and low-power SAR A/D converter (2012)

A novel analog-to-digital converter (ADC) architecture based on the principle of successive approximation register (SAR) is described. An algorithm is developed, which allows the conversion of high voltage input signals with a low voltage analog core and without a significant attenuation of the input signal. With this technique the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) can be improved by up to 10 dB at constant power consumption, or the power dissipation of the ADC can be reduced at constant SNR value. Design considerations and simulation results are presented.