gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Field Experiments on Combination of Downlink CoMP and Smart Vertical MIMO in LTE-Advanced (2015)

This paper focuses on the combination of coordinated multipoint (CoMP) transmission and Smart Vertical (SV)-Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) base station (BS) antenna in the LTE-Advanced downlink to analyze the synergy effect on the combination, so that it presents experimental results on the combination. We investigate the gain of CoMP joint transmission (JT) and dynamic point selection (DPS) compared to non-CoMP transmission, and install a SV-MIMO antenna as BS antennas. Field experiments, which are conducted in a urban and suburban area in Japan, show that the achievable user throughput of CoMP DPS is from 20 % to 180 % greater than that for non-CoMP transmission, and no remarkable difference between CoMP JT and CoMP DPS within 5% throughput. With implementing SV-MIMO BS antenna for combination of CoMP DPS, up to 180 % throughput gain is achieved compared to using the conventional BS antenna. Finally comparing the throughput performance over different tilt angle, there is not remarkable difference for CoMP DPS transmission in both urban and suburban area.
Daclizumab, a humanised monoclonal antibody to the interleukin 2 receptor (CD25), for the treatment of moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis: a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled, dose ranging trial (2006)

Patients with moderate ulcerative colitis who are treated with daclizumab are not more likely to be in remission or response at eight weeks than patients treated with placebo.
Enhanced Gas Sensing Performance of Surface‐Activated MoS2 Nanosheets Made by Hydrothermal Method with Excess Sulfur Precursor (2019)

Defect engineering of two‐dimensional (2D) nanostructures is of significant importance for achieving enhanced surface properties in optoelectronic, sensors, and catalytic applications. In this work, the authors study the gas‐sensing properties of 2D molybdenum sulfide (MoS 2 ) nanosheets fabricated using a hydrothermal synthetic route with various nominal S/Mo precursor ratios, in order to generate nano‐domains on the surface. The effect of the excess S precursor on the morphology and the resulting gas sensing performance are investigated by varying the S/Mo precursor ratio in the range of 2–12. Nano‐domains are generated on the MoS 2 basal plane for all samples, and their evolution became significant as the S/Mo precursor ratio increases. The presence of the nano‐domains provides additional active edge sites, enhancing the surface‐to‐mass ratio and the resulting gas‐sensing properties. Resistive type gas sensing tests using such 2D MoS 2 show that, when the S/Mo precursor ratio is increased from 2 to 12, the sensitivity to 500 ppm NO 2 gas at room temperature increased from 27 to 213%.
Genome-Wide Gene Expression Changes in the Normal-Appearing Airway during the Evolution of Smoking-Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma (2018)

Smoking perpetuates in cytologically normal airways a molecular "field of injury" that is pertinent to lung cancer and early detection. The evolution of airway field changes prior to lung oncogenesis is poorly understood largely due to the long latency of lung cancer in smokers. Here, we studied airway expression changes prior to lung cancer onset in mice with knockout of the <i>Gprc5a</i> gene (<i>Gprc5a</i><sup>-/-</sup>) and tobacco carcinogen (NNK) exposure and that develop the most common type of lung cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, within 6 months following exposure. Airway epithelial brushings were collected from <i>Gprc5a</i><sup>-/-</sup> mice before exposure and at multiple times post-NNK until time of lung adenocarcinoma development and then analyzed by RNA sequencing. Temporal airway profiles were identified by linear models and analyzed by comparative genomics in normal airways of human smokers with and without lung cancer. We identified significantly altered profiles (<i>n</i> = 926) in the NNK-exposed mouse normal airways relative to baseline epithelia, a subset of which were concordantly modulated with smoking status in the human airway. Among airway profiles that were significantly modulated following NNK, we found that expression changes (<i>n</i> = 22) occurring as early as 2 months following exposure were significantly associated with lung cancer status when examined in airways of human smokers. Furthermore, a subset of a recently reported human bronchial gene classifier (Percepta; <i>n</i> = 56) was enriched in the temporal mouse airway profiles. We underscore evolutionarily conserved profiles in the normal-appearing airway that develop prior to lung oncogenesis and that comprise viable markers for early lung cancer detection in suspect smokers. <i>Cancer Prev Res; 11(4); 237-48. ©2018 AACR</i>.
Cell-centred meta-analysis reveals baseline predictors of anti-TNFα non-response in biopsy and blood of patients with IBD (2018)

Objective Although anti-tumour necrosis factor alpha (anti-TNFα) therapies represent a major breakthrough in IBD therapy, their cost–benefit ratio is hampered by an overall 30% non-response rate, adverse side effects and high costs. Thus, finding predictive biomarkers of non-response prior to commencing anti-TNFα therapy is of high value. Design We analysed publicly available whole-genome expression profiles of colon biopsies obtained from multiple cohorts of patients with IBD using a combined computational deconvolution—meta-analysis paradigm which allows to estimate immune cell contribution to the measured expression and capture differential regulatory programmes otherwise masked due to variation in cellular composition. Insights from this in silico approach were experimentally validated in biopsies and blood samples of three independent test cohorts. Results We found the proportion of plasma cells as a robust pretreatment biomarker of non-response to therapy, which we validated in two independent cohorts of immune-stained colon biopsies, where a plasma cellular score from inflamed biopsies was predictive of non-response with an area under the curve (AUC) of 82%. Meta-analysis of the cell proportion-adjusted gene expression data suggested that an increase in inflammatory macrophages in anti-TNFα non-responding individuals is associated with the upregulation of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) and chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2)-chemokine ligand 7 (CCL7) –axes. Blood gene expression analysis of an independent cohort, identified TREM-1 downregulation in non-responders at baseline, which was predictive of response with an AUC of 94%. Conclusions Our study proposes two clinically feasible assays, one in biopsy and one in blood, for predicting non-response to anti-TNFα therapy prior to initiation of treatment. Moreover, it suggests that mechanism-driven novel drugs for non-responders should be developed.
AlGaN Channel HEMT With Extremely High Breakdown Voltage (2013)

Enhanced performance of RF power modules is required in a next-generation information society. To satisfy these requirements, we designed a novel high-electron mobility transistor (HEMT) structure employing wider bandgap AlGaN for a channel layer, which we called AlGaN channel HEMT, and investigated it. The wider bandgap is more effective for higher voltage operation of HEMTs and contributes to the increase of output power in RF power modules. As a result, fabricated AlGaN channel HEMTs had much higher breakdown voltages than those of conventional GaN channel HEMTs with good pinchoff operation and sufficiently high drain current density without noticeable current collapse. Furthermore, specific on-state resistances of fabricated AlGaN channel HEMTs were competitive with the best values of reported GaN- and SiC-based devices with similar breakdown voltages. These results indicate that the proposed AlGaN channel HEMTs are very promising not only for an information-communication society but also in the power electronics field.
Methane production using resin-wafer electrodeionization (2023)

The present invention provides an efficient method for creating natural gas including the anaerobic digestion of biomass to form biogas, and the electrodeionization of biogas to form natural gas and carbon dioxide using a resin-wafer deionization (RW-EDI) system. The method may be further modified to include a wastewater treatment system and can include a chemical conditioning/dewatering system after the anaerobic digestion system. The RW-EDI system, which includes a cathode and an anode, can either comprise at least one pair of wafers, each a basic and acidic wafer, or at least one wafer comprising of a basic portion and an acidic portion. A final embodiment of the RW-EDI system can include only one basic wafer for creating natural gas.
A Novel Marker of Murine Bone Marrow Hematopoietic Stem Cells That Is Expressed on Peripheral T Cells and Is Associated with a Functionally Important Molecule on Activated Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (1994)

A MAb (R2/60) has been isolated that defines a novel lymphocyte marker of murine T cells. The determinant recognized by MAb R2/60 is present on a subset of bone marrow (BM) hematopoietic stem cells, on adult thymocytes, on peripheral T cells (both resting and activated), and on murine T cell tumor lines, although it is not expressed on mature B cells. In immunoprecipitation studies using radiolabeled membrane lysates from adult thymocytes, MAb R2/60 precipitated a 44-kDa membrane-bound dimer. Functionally, MAb R2/60 mediated antigen-independent cell lysis by activated CTLs, and by CTL clones, when bridged to Fc receptor-bearing target cells; however, binding of MAb R2/60 to effector cells prior to cytotoxic assays did not inhibit target cell lysis by CTLs, suggesting that the R2/60 determinant is involved in transmembrane signaling to already activated CTLs, but that it is not involved in target cell adhesion or antigen recognition. Moreover, direct stimulation of T cells by MAb R2/60 in the absence of additional stimuli did not induce cell proliferation, further implying that the R2/60 determinant is functionally involved in the effector rather than the inductive phase of the T cell response.
A K-ESPRIT Based Measurement Method with Wide Frequency Bandwidth (2019)

High ratio penetration of power electronic devices have added many inter-harmonics to the power system. These dynamically changing inter-harmonics raise new security issues, such as sub-synchronous oscillations (SSO) and frequency stability control, which propose new requirements to power system monitoring devices. In this paper, a fast synchronized measurement method with wide frequency bandwidth is proposed by using super-resolution characteristics of spatial spectrum estimation, and a kurtosis based method for estimating the number of signal frequency components is proposed, the stability under low SNR conditions of the method is improved, and the fast and high-precision measurement of the wide frequency bandwidth signal is realized. And then, a prototype of wide frequency bandwidth measurement is developed. The results of simulation test, laboratory device test and field data test verify the validity of the proposed method.
Drug discovery considerations in the development of covalent inhibitors (2013)

In recent years, the number of drug candidates with a covalent mechanism of action progressing through clinical trials or being approved by the FDA has increased significantly. And as interest in covalent inhibitors has increased, the technical challenges for characterizing and optimizing these inhibitors have become evident. A number of new tools have been developed to aid this process, but these have not gained wide-spread use. This review will highlight a number of methods and tools useful for prosecuting covalent inhibitor drug discovery programs.
Hepatotoxic Effect of Aralia mandshurica dried root extract in pigs (1997)

The hepatotoxic effect of a dried root extract of Aralia mandshurica over a period of 60 days (0.16 g/kg, 1.5 g/kg and 3 g/kg) was studied in Landrace pigs of both sexes. The toxic effect of Aralia mandshurica was evaluated by measuring serum alanine amino transferase (ALT), gamma glutamil transpeptidase (gGT) and serum alkaline phosphatase (SAP). Blood samples were obtained by venopuncture on days 0, 7, 30, and 60 after the administration of Aralia mandshurica and the body weight was registered weekly. At the end of the experiment the liver was examined histologically. The levels of ALT and gGT were increased significantly with all the concentrations of Aralia mandshurica at day 60. A subclinical hepatitis characterized by the presence of lymphocytes and polymorphonuclears in the portal and periportal region was observed. A hepatobiliary toxic effect of Aralia mandshurica dried root extract after chronic administration in pigs is concluded.
Improving double patterning flow by analyzing the diffractive orders in the pupil plane (2011)

To print sub 22nm node features, current lithography technology faces some tool limitations. One possible solution to overcome these problems is to use the double patterning technique (DPT). The principle of the double patterning technique is pitch splitting where two adjacent features must be assigned opposite masks (colors) corresponding to different exposures if their pitch is less than a predefined minimum coloring pitch. However, certain design orientations for which pattern features separated by more than the minimum coloring pitch cannot be imaged with either of the two exposures. In these directions, the contrast and the process window are degraded because constructive interferences between diffractive orders in the pupil plane are not sufficient. The 22nm and 16nm nodes require the use of very coherent sources that will be generated using SMO (source mask cooptimization). Such pixelized sources while helpful in improving the contrast for selected configurations, can lead to degrade it for configurations which have not been counted for during the SMO process. Therefore, we analyze the diffractive orders interactions in the pupil plane in order to detect these limited orientations in the design and thus propose a new double patterning decomposition algorithm to enlarge the process window and the contrast of each mask.
Cleavage of Phosphodiesters and of DNA by a Bis(guanidinium)naphthol Acting as a Metal‐Free Anion Receptor (2011)

Phosphoric acid diesters form anions at neutral pH. As a result of charge repulsion they are notoriously resistant to hydrolysis. Nucleophilic attack, however, can be promoted by different types of electrophilic catalysts that bind to the anions and reduce their negative charge density. Although in most cases phosphodiester-cleaving enzymes and synthetic catalysts rely on Lewis acidic metal ions, some exploit the guanidinium residues of arginine as metal-free electrophiles. Here we report that a combination of two guanidines and a hydroxy group yields highly reactive receptor molecules that can attack a broad range of phosphodiester substrates by nucleophilic displacement at phosphorus in a single-turnover mode. Some stable O-phosphates were isolated and characterized further by NMR spectroscopy. The bis(guanidinium)naphthols also cleave plasmid DNA, presumably by a transphosphorylation mechanism.
Antenna and RF Subsystem Integration in Cellular Communications (2014)

We discuss in this article a number of techniques that can be used to improve the RF performance on a mobile device. All those techniques rely on tight antenna and modem subsystem codesign. In a short introduction, the article outlines the need of these techniques, based on the advent of new wireless standards and demanding power and size requirements. The first technique is based on integrating the antenna as part of the RF filtering chain to relax the requirements of current duplex filters up to 30dB off-band. We also outline a discussion on the different approaches for adaptive antenna matching, depending on the system’s requirements. A particular antenna concept that implements two different wireless systems (LTE and Wi-Fi) is outlined in a subsequent section. Such a structure can reduce the volume required for antennas on a mobile device. The article concludes with an example of how the antenna design can directly impact the throughput of the whole system, showing the impact of the correlation coefficient on the signal to noise ratio.
Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Blockers for the Treatment of Chronic Pain (2009)

The voltage-gated sodium channels are a family of proteins that control the flow of sodium ions across cell membranes. Considerable data support the hypothesis that hyperexcitability and spontaneous action potential firing in peripheral sensory neurons mediated by voltage-gated sodium channels contribute to the pathophysiology of chronic pain. Sodium channel blockers are, therefore, appealing entities for therapeutic intervention in painful human neuropathies. This review will focus on the latest advances in the development of small molecule sodium channel blockers and their application to the treatment of chronic pain.
Self-Reinforced Silicon Nitride-A New Microengineered Ceramic Material (1990)

"Self-Reinforced Silicon Nitride-A New Microengineered Ceramic Material." Materials and Processing Report, 5(4-5), pp. 3–4
GluR2 ligand‐binding core complexes: importance of the isoxazolol moiety and 5‐substituent for the binding mode of AMPA‐type agonists (2002)

X-ray structures of the GluR2 ligand-binding core in complex with (S)-Des-Me-AMPA and in the presence and absence of zinc ions have been determined. (S)-Des-Me-AMPA, which is devoid of a substituent in the 5-position of the isoxazolol ring, only has limited interactions with the partly hydrophobic pocket of the ligand-binding site, and adopts an AMPA-like binding mode. The structures, in comparison with other agonist complex structures, disclose the relative importance of the isoxazolol ring and of the substituent in the 5-position for the mode of binding. A relationship appears to exist between the extent of interaction of the ligand with the hydrophobic pocket and the affinity of the ligand.
Negative bias temperature instability lifetime prediction: Problems and solutions (2013)

Lifetime of pMOSFETs is limited by NBTI. Conventional slow measurement overestimates lifetime due to recovery. The fast techniques suppress recovery, but cannot give reliable prediction. This work proposes a new lifetime prediction technique that overcomes the shortcomings of both slow and fast methods, based on the As-grown-Generation (AG) model. Its advantages over those based on Reaction-Diffusion (RD) and two-stage models include its simple algorithm, only two fitting parameters at a given temperature, and no need for a kinetic model for the as-grown hole traps. This makes it readily implementable in industrial laboratories for process screening.
Dependability modeling for multiprocessors (1990)

A tutorial on dependability and performance-related dependability models for multiprocessors is presented. Multiprocessors are classified as having shared-memory or distributed-memory architectures, and some fundamental dependability modeling concepts. Reliability models based on four types of reliability evaluation techniques (terminal, multiterminal, task-based, and network reliability) are examined. The status of research efforts on performance-related dependability is discussed, and the models' effectiveness is illustrated with a few numerical examples. A brief survey of software packages for dependability computation in included.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Sonographic measurement of amniotic fluid volume in the first trimester of pregnancy. (1996)

The sonographic estimate of amniotic fluid volume from 7 to 13 weeks of gestation in 95 pregnancies was calculated. Amniotic fluid volume increased from 1.5 ml at 7 weeks to 25 ml at 10 weeks and 100 ml at 13 weeks. The nomograms constructed may be used in the objective evaluation of the fetal condition in the first trimester.
Turbulence-Resilient Coherent Free-Space Optical Communications using Automatic Power-Efficient Pilot-Assisted Optoelectronic Beam Mixing of Many Modes (2021)

Atmospheric turbulence generally limits free-space optical (FSO) communications, and this problem is severely exacerbated when implementing highly sensitive and spectrally efficient coherent detection. Specifically, turbulence induces power coupling from the transmitted Gaussian mode to higher-order Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) modes, resulting in a significant decrease of the power that mixes with a single-mode local oscillator (LO). Instead, we transmit a frequency-offset Gaussian pilot tone along with the data signal, such that both experience similar turbulence and modal power coupling. Subsequently, the photodetector (PD) optoelectronically mixes all corresponding pairs of the beams' modes. During mixing, a conjugate of the turbulence experienced by the pilot tone is automatically generated and compensates the turbulence experienced by the data, and nearly all orders of the same corresponding modes efficiently mix. We demonstrate a 12-Gbit/s 16-quadrature-amplitude-modulation (16-QAM) polarization-multiplexed (PolM) FSO link that exhibits resilience to emulated turbulence. Experimental results for turbulence D/r_0~5.5 show up to ~20 dB reduction in the mixing power loss over a conventional coherent receiver. Therefore, our approach automatically recovers nearly all the captured data power to enable high-performance coherent FSO systems.
Enhanced sensitivity to androgen withdrawal due to overexpression of interleukin-6 in androgen-dependent human prostate cancer LNCaP cells (2009)

Excessive secretion of IL-6 by LNCaP cells in an autocrine manner may have a suppressive function in their growth and acquisition of androgen-independent phenotype under an androgen-deprived condition.
A Cross‐Metathesis Route to Functionalized α‐Methyl α‐Substituted Amino Acids (2007)

Abstract A chemoenzymatic approach to the synthesis of functionalized α‐methyl α‐substituted amino acids is detailed. This involves amidase‐mediated enzymatic resolution of α‐methyl α‐substituted side‐chain ω‐unsaturated amino acids followed by functionalization via cross‐metathesis.
Active Sampling over Graphs for Bayesian Reconstruction with Gaussian Ensembles (2022)

Graph-guided semi-supervised learning (SSL) has gained popularity in several network science applications, including biological, social, and financial ones. SSL becomes particularly challenging when the available nodal labels are scarce, what motivates naturally the active learning (AL) paradigm. AL seeks the most informative nodes to label in order to effectively estimate the nodal values of unobserved nodes. It is also referred to as active sampling, and boils down to learning the sought function mapping, and an acquisition function (AF) to identify the next node(s) to sample. To learn the mapping, this work leverages an adaptive Bayesian model comprising an ensemble (E) of Gaussian Processes (GPs) with enhanced expressiveness of the function space. Unlike most alternatives, the EGP model relies only on the one-hop connectivity of each node. Capitalizing on this EGP model, a suite of novel and intuitive AFs are developed to guide the active sampling process. These AFs are then combined with weights that are adapted incrementally to further robustify performance. Numerical tests on real and synthetic datasets corroborate the merits of the novel methods.