gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of whole-body autoradiography in cancer targeting with radiolabeled antibodies. (1990)

Methods of single-tracer whole-body autoradiography (WBAR) have been developed in our laboratory which allow imaging and measurement of the zonal distribution of radioiodinated antibodies and their fragments within GW-39 colon carcinoma xenografts varying in size from large, cystic masses with necrotic cores to micrometastases. The whole-animal distribution of 90Y-labeled anti-carcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibody NP-2 was evaluated by WBAR in nude mice bearing s.c. implants of GW-39 colon cancer and revealed antitumor uptake specifically as well as significant accumulation of 90Y in the bones. Dual-tracer qualitative WBAR methods have also been applied in order to examine the biodistribution of labeled immunoglobulins in the GW-39 animal tumor model as a function of the underlying rapid cell proliferation index ([3H]-thymidine assay) in the same tumor. In addition, extension of the WBAR method was made to permit imaging of the biodistribution of 10B compounds in mice bearing Harding-Passey melanoma implants by using a track-etch procedure to produce alpha-particle WBAR. Further applications of single and multiple radionuclide WBAR are offered and discussed as an effective means of assessing the degree of penetration of immunoglobulins in tumors in which vascular patterns, local glucose metabolism, protein synthesis, and rapid cell proliferation indices may be characterized.
Optical Transpose Interconnection System: System Design and Component Development (1995)

The optical transpose interconnection system 1 (OTIS) is a simple means of providing a transpose interconnection using only a pair of lenslet arrays. This system has been shown useful for shuffle based multi-stage interconnection networks, mesh-of-trees matrix processors, and hypercube interconnections. The transpose interconnection is a one-to-one interconnection between L transmitters and L receivers, where L is the product of two integers, M and N. To implement the interconnection a N × N array of lenslets is placed in front of the input plane, and a M × M array of lenslets is located before the output plane. The M × N transpose is equivalent to a k- shuffle 2 , where k equals N. For example, a 4096 channel ( M = N = 64) interconnection can be implemented with two 8×8 lenslet arrays, Figure 1 shows the side view, and actual input and output for such a system. An interesting application occurs when k = L ; in this case only one stage of optics and two stages of optoelectronic switches are required for full routing between the input and output channels. If M = N , then both lenslet planes are identical; and with minor modifications, such as opaque areas on the lenses to prevent cross-talk, the system can be made bi-directional.
Design, synthesis, and in vitro antiproliferative and kinase inhibitory effects of pyrimidinylpyrazole derivatives terminating with arylsulfonamido or cyclic sulfamide substituents (2016)

A novel series of substituted pyrimidine compounds bearing N-phenylpyrazole and terminating with aryl and cyclic sulfonamido moiety were designed, synthesized, and evaluated in vitro as antiproliferative agents against a panel of 53 cell lines of different tissues at the NCI. Among them, compound 1d with p-chlorobenzenesulfonamido terminal moiety, ethylene spacer, and 4-chloro-3-methoxyphenyl ring at position 3 of the pyrazole nucleus showed the highest mean percentage inhibition value over the whole cancer cell line panel at 10 μM concentration. It showed broad-spectrum antiproliferative activity over many cell lines of different cancer types. For instance, compound 1d inhibited the growth of HL-60 (TB), SR leukemia, and T-47D and MCF-7 breast cancer cell line by 135.92%, 119.44%, 95.32%, and 82.03% at 10 μM, respectively. And it inhibited the growth of COLO 205 colon, HT29 colon, BT-549 breast, and ACHN renal cancer cell lines by more than 80% at the same test concentration. However, testing compound 1d upon determining its IC<sub>50</sub> against the most sensitive cell lines showed to good extent selectivity against HT29 colon cancer cell line than HL-60 leukemia and MRC-5 lung fibroblasts (normal cells). Compound 1d was further tested against 12 kinases of different kinase families, and the highest inhibitory effect was exerted against RAF1, V600E-B-RAF, and V600K-B-RAF kinases.
Stereospecific synthesis of adenosine cyclic 3′,5′‐RP‐ and SP‐phosphoro‐[35S]thioates (1984)

Abstract Stereospecific reaction of both diastereoisomers of O 2′ ,N 6 ,N 6 ‐tribenzoyladenosine cyclic 3′,5′‐phosphoranilidates ( 1 ) with sodium hydride and carbon [ 35 S]disulphide gave, after removal of the protective groups, the desired R P — and S P ‐diastereoisomers of [ 35 S]cAMPS ( 2 ).
Towards automatic patient positioning and scan planning using continuously moving table MR imaging (2009)

A concept is proposed to simplify patient positioning and scan planning to improve ease of use and workflow in MR. After patient preparation in front of the scanner the operator selects the anatomy of interest by a single push-button action. Subsequently, the patient table is moved automatically into the scanner, while real-time 3D isotropic low-resolution continuously moving table scout scanning is performed using patient-independent MR system settings. With a real-time organ identification process running in parallel and steering the scanner, the target anatomy can be positioned fully automatically in the scanner's sensitive volume. The desired diagnostic examination of the anatomy of interest can be planned and continued immediately using the geometric information derived from the acquired 3D data. The concept was implemented and successfully tested in vivo in 12 healthy volunteers, focusing on the liver as the target anatomy. The positioning accuracy achieved was on the order of several millimeters, which turned out to be sufficient for initial planning purposes. Furthermore, the impact of nonoptimal system settings on the positioning performance, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was investigated. The present work proved the basic concept of the proposed approach as an element of future scan automation.
Changes in segmental motion of the membrane‐composing molecules of dimyristoyl phosphatidyl choline liposomes by incorporation of polypeptides (1984)

Abstract The interaction of glycoprotein and polypeptides with phospholipid liposomes was investigated by means of the fluorescence polarization technique. Poly( L ‐glutamic acid) was incorporated into the bilayer of dimyristyol phosphatidyl choline liposomes by sonication. It reduces the segmental motion of the lipids especially in the hydrophobic region close to the hydrophilic surface. On the contrary, poly( L ‐leucine), on incorporation into the lipids, strongly suppresses the molecular motion of hydrocarbon chains. Glycoprotein from bovine serum brings about a remarkable decrease in the molecular motion of hydrocarbon chains. In this case the molecular motion of the lipid for liposomes with 20% glycoprotein incorporation is comparable to that of the human erythrocyte ghost. The interaction of polypeptides with liposomes was also observed with an optical microscope by using gaint liposomes (∅︁ ca. 100 μm).
Continuous ethanol production by zymomonas mobilis on an industrial scale (1987)

Abstract The specific growth rate of the ethanol producing bacterium Zymomonas mobilis was lower in the presence of oxygen than under anaerobic conditions. Aerobically, considerable amounts of acetaldehyde and acetic acid were formed in addition to the normal fermentation products, ethanol and carbon dioxide. This bacterium contains considerable amounts of pentacyclic triterpenoids, mainly 1, 2, 3, 4‐tetrahydroxypentane‐29‐hopane. It seems that stability and permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane of this rather ethanol tolerant organism is achieved by the hopanoid content. A continuous culture of Zymomonas mobilis produced 60 g/l ethanol over a test period of 39 days. This strain was used for ethanol production from an enzymatically hydrolyzed wheat starch fraction on an industrial scale of 100 m 3 .
Probabilistic Parsing in Action Recognition (2001)

This report addresses the problem of using probabilistic formal languages to describe and understand actions with explicit structure. The paper explores a probabilistic mechanisms of parsing the uncertain input string aided by a stochastic context-free grammar. This method, originating in speech recognition, allows for combination of a statistical recognition approach with a syntactical one in a unified syntactic-semantic framework for action recognition. The basic approach is to design the recognition system in a two-level architecture. The first level, a set of independently trained component event detectors, produces the likelihoods of each component model. The outputs of these detectors provide the input stream for a stochastic context-free parsing mechanism. Any decisions about supposed structure of the input are deferred to the parser, which attempts to combine the maximum amount of the candidate events into a most likely sequence according to a given Stochastic Context-Free Grammar (SCFG). The grammar and parser enforce longer range temporal constraints, disambiguate or correct uncertain or mis-labeled low level detections, and allow the inclusion of a priori knowledge about the structure of temporal events in a given domain. The method takes into consideration the continuous character of the input and performs “structural rectification” of it in order to account for misalignments and ungrammatical symbols in the stream. The presented technique of such a rectification uses the structure probability maximization to drive the segmentation.
TMTHSI, a superior 7-membered ring alkyne containing reagent for strain-promoted azide–alkyne cycloaddition reactions (2020)

We describe the development of TMTH-<b>S</b>ulfox<b>I</b>mine (TMTH<b>SI</b>) as a superior click reagent. This reagent combines a great reactivity, with small size and low hydrophobicity and compares outstandingly with existing click reagents. TMTHSI can be conveniently functionalized with a variety of linkers allowing attachment of a diversity of small molecules and (peptide, nucleic acid) biologics.
Loss Analysis of Hybrid Electric Vehicle Inverters (2019)

The analysis of electrical losses of hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) inverters is significant for improved fuel efficiency for HEVs. To analyze the breakdown of electrical losses in LA-4 Cycle or under other similar driving conditions, measurement and calculation methods have been developed to ascertain losses attributable to different parts of HEV inverters. To determine electrical losses, the methods use voltages and currents in HEV inverters measured with a vehicle-mounted virtual and real simulator (VRS).
Implementation of two high through-put techniques in a novel application: detecting point mutations in large EMS mutated plant populations (2009)

These results demonstrate that CSCE and HRM are fast, affordable and sensitive techniques for mutation detection in DNA pools and therefore allow the rapid identification of new allelic variants in a mutant population. Results from the first screens indicate that the mutagen treatment has been effective with an average mutation detection rate per diploid genome of 1.36 mutation/kb/1000 lines.
HTTP/2 performance in cellular networks (2016)

HTTP/2 (h2) was standardized in 2015 as an improvement to HTTP/1.1 (h1) to achieve faster webpage load times (PLTs) [5]. Previous studies have shown both improvement and degradation in PLT when using h2 with respect to h1 [6, 8]. The disagreement about h2 performance from these studies motivates further investigation as to whether and under what conditions h2 brings the performance benefits that were originally envisioned [5].
12.1: High Birefringence LCs for Color‐Sequential LCDs (2007)

Abstract High birefringence (0.3&lt;Δn &lt;0.4) and relatively low viscosity liquid crystal mixtures containing isothiocyanato tolane and isothiocyanato terphenyl liquid crystals are developed. The response time of 1.52 ms using a 1.6‐μm TN cell is demonstrated.
Feasibility of an Implantable Arrhythmia Monitor (1992)

Conventional Holter monitoring is of limited benefit in patients with infrequent symptoms suspected to be related to arrhythmia. A small recorder implanted subcutaneously might obviate many limitations of conventional monitoring. To determine the feasibility of obtaining adequate electrocardiographic signals from such a device, a prototype was temporarily implanted in 17 patients undergoing pacemaker implantation. The prototype contained four disc-shaped titanium electrodes, 0.21 inches in diameter embedded in epoxy. The four electrodes were in a square configuration spaced 0.72 inches center to center and were placed face down in a subcutaneous pocket in the left pectoral region. Bipolar recordings were made from a horizontal pair, a vertical pair, and both diagonal paris of electrodes (interelectrode distance 1.02 inches) and recorded on electromagnetic tape after filtering at 0.5-250 Hz. The mean peak-to-peak amplitude in each configuration was determined over a five-beat interval. Clear recordings were obtained from all 17 patients with recognizable P, QRS, and T waves. The amplitude of the signals obtained from the diagonal pairs of electrodes (175 +/- 51 and 170 +/- 54 microV) were greater than obtained from either the vertical pair (142 +/- 62 microV, P = 0.08 compared to diagonal electrodes) or the horizontal pair of electrodes (105 +/- 54 microV, P < 0.01). The maximum amplitude recorded from any configuration was 189 +/- 54 microV. In six patients the device was also tested with the electrodes face up in the subcutaneous pocket.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Non-Linear Dark Current Fixed Pattern Noise Compensation For Variable Frame Rate Moving Picture Cameras (2009)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Glasgow, Scotland, 2009
Induction Electrohydrodynamic Pump in a Vertical Configuration: Part 1—Theory (1989)

An induction electrohydrodynamic (EHD) pump in an axisymmetric, vertical configuration is studied theoretically. The model includes the effect of entrance conditions, buoyancy effects, secondary flow, and Joule heating. Primarily the forward (cooled wall) and to a lesser extent the backward (heated wall) modes are investigated. A finite difference technique is used to obtain the numerical solutions. A set of these solutions is presented to show the influence of the controlling factors of operating an induction EHD pump. The results indicate that the entrance temperature profile plays an important role in the operation of the pump because steeper profiles produce higher velocities. The pump must be operated at an optimum frequency, wavelength, and electric conductivity level.
Acanthamoeba castellaniiâ: growth on human cell layers reactivates attenuated properties after prolonged axenic culture (2009)

The free-living, but potentially pathogenic, bacteriovorous amoebae of the genus Acanthamoeba can be easily grown axenically in a laboratory culture. This, however, often leads to considerable losses in virulence, and encystment capacity, and to changes in drug susceptibility. We evaluated potential options for a reactivation of a number of physiological properties, attenuated by prolonged axenic laboratory culture, including encystment potential, protease activity, heat resistance, growth rates and drug susceptibility against N-chlorotaurine (NCT). Toward this end, a strain that had been grown axenically for 10 years was repeatedly passaged on human HEp-2 cell monolayers or treated with 5'-azacytidine (AzaC), a methyltransferase inhibitor, and trichostatin A (TSA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, in order to uplift epigenetic gene regulation. Culture on human cell monolayers resulted in significantly enhanced encystment potentials and protease activities, and higher susceptibility against NCT, whereas the resistance against heat shock was not altered. Treatment with AzaC/TSA resulted in increased encystment rates and protease activities, indicating the participation of epigenetic mechanisms. However, lowered resistances against heat shock indicate that possible stress responses to AzaC/TSA have to be taken into account. Repeated growth on human cell monolayers appears to be a potential method to reactivate attenuated characteristics in Acanthamoeba.
Privacy concerns on Android devices (2017)

Smartphones have become conduits for our most personal information and data. When one wants to install an app on their device, they have to allow the apps to access their camera, internet, location etc. This can lead to privacy issues and affect the user privacy. For example, granting privileges to location leads to tracking the user through their phone. In this paper, privacy issues of android system are discussed. A number of conventional and some more unusual challenges to our individual privacy are identified and discussed.
6 GHz direct frequency modulation of cleaved-coupled-cavity channeled-substrate buried-heterostructure lasers (1984)

The measured intensity modulation (IM) and frequency modulation (FM) characteristics of single-cavity channeled-substrate buried-heterostructure (CSBH) lasers and cleaved-coupled-cavity (C <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ) CSBH lasers are described. If the bias is well above threshold, the lasers have -3 dB IM bandwidths of approximately 800 MHz. In contrast, the FM response rolls off less rapidly, and efficient FM operation up to 6 GHz is possible. The IM and FM responses of C <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> CSBH lasers are similar to single-cavity CSBH lasers provided the modulated cavity is above threshold. If the modulated cavity is below threshold, the FM response of the C <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> laser is larger but rolls off rapidly for modulation frequencies above 200 MHz.
3D Printing as a Technology Enabler for Electrical Machines: Manufacturing and Testing of a Salient Pole Rotor for SRM (2020)

Among the various technology enablers for modern electrical machines, additive manufacturing plays a key role. The advantage of having a precise control of the shape of ferromagnetic structures, whilst achieving good electromagnetic performance, fits well with the design requirements of rotating electrical machines. To a certain extent, some of the physical properties of the material can be “tuned”, allowing for quick trade-off studies (i.e., prototyping), as opposed to conventional manufacturing techniques. Despite being considered an enabling technology, 3D printing of soft magnetic materials for electric motors is still at an embryonic stage. This work, thus, aims in providing an initial proof of concept. For the purpose, a switched reluctance machine is chosen as a case study. Its rotor core is additively manufactured through selective laser melting. Its performances are compared to those of an identical commercial motor featuring a laminated rotor core, via in-depth experimental tests. Initial results show that the 3D printed machine can actually develop the rated power, but with an efficiency reduction.
Experimental characterization of Gaussian-distributed nonlinear distortions (2011)

We show that in dispersion-uncompensated 100G systems Kerr nonlinearity is akin to additive Gaussian noise. Its variance grows as a power of propagation distance, and represents 1/3 of total noise variance at optimal channel power.
Molten Glass Corrosion Resistance of Immersed Combustion‐Heating Tube Materials in E‐Glass (1995)

The corrosion resistance of molybdenum, molybdenum disilicide, and a SiC ( p ) /Al 2 O 3 composite to molten E‐glass at 1550 deg; C was studied. Mo showed no tendency to oxidize as it was immersed in soda‐lime silicate glass in a parallel study. MoSi 2 was corroded by soluble molecular oxygen, leaving a Mo 5 Si 3 interface behind. The SiC ( p ) /Al 2 O 3 composite was corroded at a more rapid rate wherein the SiC component was oxidized to form amorphous silica and CO bubbles. Based on these results, the activity of soluble molecular oxygen in E‐glass was determined to be in the range of 2.4 × 10 ‐14 to 2.0 × 10 ‐8 .
Accessible online neuroplasticity-targeted training for children with ADHD (2013)

Childhood Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a growing mental health concern worldwide. Effective, accessible and low-cost therapeutics for the disorder are urgently needed. Here we introduce a novel internet-based cognitive training intervention: Online Neuroplasticity-based Training for the Remediation of ADHD in Children (ONTRAC). The intervention is deployed in the home setting; it is customized to the cognitive capacities of each child and progressively improves performance in the specific neuro-cognitive domains deficient in ADHD. A feasibility trial of ONTRAC is being conducted in a resource limited clinical setting in New Delhi, India and is an exemplar of hi-tech global psychiatry.
Integrated Valorization of Desalination Brine through NaOH Recovery: Opportunities and Challenges (2019)

Abstract The rising use of seawater desalination for fresh water production is driving a parallel rise in the discharge of high‐salinity brine into the ocean. Better utilization of this brine would have a positive impact on the energy use, cost, and environmental footprint of desalination. Furthermore, intermittent renewable energy can easily power the brine utilization and, for reverse osmosis technology, the entire desalination plant. One pathway toward these goals is to convert the otherwise discharged brine into useful chemicals; waste could be transformed into sodium hydroxide or caustic soda (NaOH) and hydrochloric acid (HCl). In this Minireview, we discuss opportunities and challenges for integrated valorization of desalination brine through NaOH and HCl recovery.
Gelation of Rodlike Macromolecules (1983)

The gel-sol transition for the polydiacetylene 4-butoxycarbonylmethylurethane in toluene is studied. For gelation to occur, the polymer must be in its fully extended rodlike conformation. Specific evidence that the gelation is due to the percolation of rods is presented.
The Vexed Relationship Between Clostridium Difficile and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Assessment of Carriage in an Outpatient Setting Among Patients in Remission (2009)

Detection of C. difficile is increased in IBD outpatients in remission, and strain diversity is consistent with community acquisition from a multitude of sources.
Using DNNs and Smart Sampling for Coverage Closure Acceleration (2020)

Coverage Directed Generation represents algorithms that are used to create tests or test-templates for hitting coverage events. Standard approaches for solving the problem use either user's intuition or random sampling. Recent work has been using optimization algorithms in order to hit, a single hard-to-hit event. In this work we extend the optimization technique for many events and show that by using a deep neural network one can accelerate the optimization significantly. The algorithms are presented on the NorthStar simulator where we show substantial improvement over random based techniques and a factor larger than 2 on other optimization-based techniques.