gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the Detection Limits of Li K X-rays Using Windowless Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS) (2017)

Journal Article On the Detection Limits of Li K X-rays Using Windowless Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS) Get access P Hovington, P Hovington Hydro-Quebec Research Institute, Varennes, Quebec, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V Timoshevskii, V Timoshevskii Hydro-Quebec Research Institute, Varennes, Quebec, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S Bessette, S Bessette Hydro-Quebec Research Institute, Varennes, Quebec, CanadaOxford Instruments NanoAnalysis, High Wycombe UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S Burgess, S Burgess Oxford Instruments NanoAnalysis, High Wycombe UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P Statham, P Statham Oxford Instruments NanoAnalysis, High Wycombe UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H Demers, H Demers Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R Gauvin, R Gauvin Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K Zaghib K Zaghib Hydro-Quebec Research Institute, Varennes, Quebec, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 23, Issue S1, 1 July 2017, Pages 2024–2025, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927617010789 Published: 04 August 2017
Zeolite microtunnels and microchunnels (2002)

Using a new fabrication strategy, novel, self-enclosed microporous silicalite-1 zeolite microtunnel and microchunnel architectures were successfully prepared.
Reliability of High Temperature Laminates (2015)

Printed circuit boards have been reported to have limited lifetime at 200 to 250°C. Characterization of high temperature laminates for application at 200 to 250°C was conducted to better quantify their lifetime using accelerated testing of key functional parameters. Eight high temperature laminates consisting of 3 material types was evaluated. Life testing was applied for via cyclic life, weight loss, peel strength, and surface insulation resistance. Via lifetime was characterization using Interconnect Stress Test (IST) coupons. Weight loss was measured at intervals during the life of the tests. Peel strength was tested using IPC IPC-TM-650 method 2.4.8c. Weight loss was characterized using isothermal aging. Comparison of lifetime is made between the laminate samples. The non-polyimide laminates exhibited the longer life times than polyimide laminates in most tests except peel strength. Peel strength is the life limiting parameter for the laminates. Parylene HT was found to improve stability in peel strength and weight loss of one PTFE laminate tested.
Fructose 1,6-Bisphosphate-Dependent L-Lactate Dehydrogenase from Thermus aquaticus YT-1, an Extreme Thermophile: Activation by Citrate and Modification Reagents and Comparison with Thermus caldophilus GK24 L-Lactate Dehydrogenase (1985)

Heat-stable fructose 1,6-bisphosphate-dependent L-lactate dehydrogenase [EC 1.1.1.27] was purified from an extremely thermophilic bacterium, Thermus aquaticus YT-1. The amino acid composition and NH2-terminal 34 amino acid sequence of the enzyme were determined. Its NH2-terminal sequence shows high homology with those of Thermus caldophilus GK24 (82% identity) and some other bacterial L-lactate dehydrogenases (44-53% identity), indicating the close phylogenic relationship of the two Thermus species. At the same time, the two Thermus L-lactate dehydrogenases were found not to be identical not only chemically but also kinetically and immunologically. Citrate activated the T. aquaticus enzyme in the weak acidic pH region, while fructose 1,6-bisphosphate did in both acidic and neutral pH regions. The maximum activity obtained with citrate at pH 5.0 was about 2.5 times higher than that in the presence of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate at pH 6.7. The enzymes modified with 2,3-butanedione, acetic anhydride and diethyl pyrocarbonate in the presence of both NADH and oxamate were desensitized to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, and the modified enzymes were active even in the absence of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. All of the modified enzymes examined were still activated by citrate similarly to the native enzyme. These results suggest that the mechanism of activation by citrate is different from that by fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, and that the citrate-binding site is different from the fructose 1,6-bisphosphate-binding site.
Big Data Privacy Risk: Connecting Many Large Data Sets (2016)

Data is the fuel, the glue and the product of online collaboration. Big Data is the driving force behind collaborative computing and is enabling and facilitating the next wave of innovation. Unfortunately, privacy is one of the core weaknesses of the entire ecosystem. The prevailing wisdom is that sensitive data can be protected in Big Data sets. In this paper, we decompose the problem space and mathematically discuss the implications for privacy when one connects the many, large data sets that comprise a Big Data collection.
Panel (2018)

This panel aims to create a space for participants at CHI 2018 to see how far we have come as a community in raising and addressing issues of gender, and how far we have yet to go. Our intent is for open discussion to support the community's intentions to move towards greater equity, inclusivity, and diversity.
Tuneable VCSEL aiming for the application in interconnects and short haul systems (2010)

Widely tunable vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSEL) are of high interest for optical communications, gas spectroscopy and fiber-Bragg-grating measurements. In this paper we present tunable VCSEL operating at wavelength around 850 nm and 1550 nm with tuning ranges up to 20 nm and 76 nm respectively. The first versions of VCSEL operating at 1550 nm with 76 nm tuning range and an output power of 1.3mW were not designed for high speed modulation, but for applications where only stable continious tuning is essential (e.g. gas sensing). The next step was the design of non tunable VCSEL showing high speed modulation frequencies of 10 GHz with side mode supression ratios beyond 50 dB. The latest version of these devices show record output powers of 6.7mW at 20 &deg;C and 3mW at 80 &deg;C. The emphasis of our present and future work lies on the combination of both technologies. The tunable VCSEL operating in the 850 nm-region reaches a modulation bandwidth of 5.5GHz with an output power of 0.8mW.
Rapid and specific uptake of anti-Tac disulfide-stabilized Fv by interleukin-2 receptor-bearing tumors. (1995)

The disulfide-stabilized Fv (dsFv) is a novel form of a variable-region fragment (Fv) of an antibody which is stabilized by an interchain disulfide bond. As a consequence, it is more stable than its Fv analogue. Anti-Tac(dsFv) is derived from anti-Tac(IgG) which specifically binds to the p55 subunit of the interleukin-2 receptor (IL2R alpha). The receptor is found in large numbers on activated T cells and many T-cell leukemias. The biodistribution patterns of 125I-anti-Tac(dsFv) and 125I-anti-Tac(IgG) were determined in athymic nude mice bearing two s.c. tumors, one expressing a stably transfected plasmid encoding IL2R alpha (ATAC4) and one composed of parental untransfected A431 epidermoid carcinoma cells. Anti-Tac(dsFv), which has a molecular weight of 25,000, was specifically captured by the ATAC4 tumors but not by control A431 tumors. The antigen-specific tumors accumulated > 2% of the injected dose/g within 15-45 min after i.v. injection. The level of radioactivity in the ATAC4 tumors was maintained at > 1% of the injected dose/g for nearly 6 h, at which time the ATAC4 tumors contained 11-fold more 125I-anti-Tac(dsFv) than did the A431 tumors. Unbound 125I-anti-Tac(dsFv) was rapidly cleared from the blood with apparently biphasic pharmacokinetics (alpha t 1/2 = < 10 min; beta t 1/2 = approximately 5.5 h). Initially, the bulk of the 125I-anti-Tac(dsFv) appeared in the kidneys. In contrast, 125I-anti-Tac(IgG) showed no tumor- or tissue-specific uptake over the 24-h time course of the experiments and remained primarily in the blood stream (blood clearance t 1/2 = approximately 12 h). This is the first report of the biodistribution of a dsFv fragment. Because of its rapid uptake by IL2 receptor-bearing tumors, short serum half-life, and increased stability, radiolabeled anti-Tac(dsFv) may be useful for the imaging and therapy of neoplasias expressing the IL2 receptor.
Un homme et une femme: ça fait quoi, de faire campagne en binôme? (Interview) (2015)

Premier paragraphe : \nPrincipale innovation des élections départementales: les candidats se présentent obligatoirement en binôme mixte. Une révolution qui induit de nouvelles habitudes.
The circadian syndrome predicts cardiovascular disease better than metabolic syndrome in Chinese adults (2020)

The circadian syndrome is a strong and better predictor for CVD than the metabolic syndrome in Chinese adults.
Intrinsically elastic robots: The key to human like performance (2012)

Intrinsically elastic robots, which technically implement some key characteristics of the human muskoskeletal system, have become a major research topic in nowadays robotics. These novel devices open up entirely new control approaches. They base on temporary storage of potential energy and its timed transformation into kinetic energy. In legged locomotion, such considerations have been a common tool for unveiling the respective fundamental physical processes. However, in arm control, elasticities were typically considered parasitic. In this video we outline our efforts in exploiting the inherent capabilities of intrinsically elastic robots in order to bring them closer to human performance. Instead of applying purely kinematic learing-by-demonstration approaches, which are certainly suboptimal, we argue for using model based techniques in order to optimally exploit the system dynamics such that highly dynamic motion and manipulation capabilities can be achieved. In particular, the explicit use of elasticities as temporary energy tanks can be fully exploited, if they are modeled adequately as an integral part of the mechanism. We also believe that such approaches can substantially contribute to the understanding of human motion biomechanics.
Targeting the Nuclear Export Protein XPO1/CRM1 Reverses Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (2015)

Here we demonstrate for the first time that targeted inhibition of nuclear exporter protein exportin 1 (XPO1) also known as chromosome maintenance region 1 (CRM1) by Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export (SINE) compounds results in reversal of EMT in snail-transduced primary human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs). SINE compounds selinexor (KPT-330) and KPT-185, leptomycin B (LMB as +ve control) but not KPT-301 (-ve control) reverse EMT, suppress mesenchymal markers and consequently induce growth inhibition, apoptosis and prevent spheroid formation. SINE treatment resulted in nuclear retention of snail regulator FBXL5 that was concurrent with suppression of snail and down-regulation of mesenchymal markers. FBXL5 siRNA or transfection with cys528 mut-Xpo1 (lacking SINE binding site) markedly abrogated SINE activity highlighting an XPO1 and FBXL5 mediated mechanism of action. Silencing XPO1 or snail caused re-expression of FBXL5 as well as EMT reversal. Pathway analysis on SINE treated HMECs further verified the involvement of additional F-Box family proteins and confirmed the suppression of snail network. Oral administration of selinexor (15 mg/kg p.o. QoDx3/week for 3weeks) resulted in complete cures (no tumor rebound at 120 days) of HMLER-Snail xenografts. These findings raise the unique possibility of blocking EMT at the nuclear pore.
Buckling‐Induced Reversible Symmetry Breaking and Amplification of Chirality Using Supported Cellular Structures (2013)

Buckling-induced reversible symmetry breaking and amplification of chirality using macro- and microscale supported cellular structures is described. Guided by extensive theoretical analysis, cellular structures are rationally designed, in which buckling induces a reversible switching between achiral and chiral configurations. Additionally, it is demonstrated that the proposed mechanism can be generalized over a wide range of length scales, geometries, materials, and stimuli.
Arterial to end-tidal CO(2) (PaCO(2)–EtCO(2)) gradient as a monitoring parameter of efficacy during thrombolytic therapy for massive pulmonary embolism (PE) in spontaneously breathing patients (2003)

Studies on head injury-induced pituitary dysfunction are limited in number and conflicting results have been reported. To further clarify this issue, 29 consecutive patients (24 males), with severe (n = 21) or moderate (n = 8) head trauma, having a mean age of 37 17 years were investigated in the immediate post-trauma period. All patients required mechanical ventilatory support for 8-55 days and were enrolled in the study within a few days before ICU discharge. Basal hormonal assessment included measurement of cortisol, corticotropin, free thyroxine (fT4), thyrotropin (TSH), testosterone (T) in men, estradiol (E2) in women, prolactin (PRL), and growth hormone (GH). Cortisol and GH levels were measured also after stimulation with 100 g human corticotropin releasing hormone (hCRH) and 100 g growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH), respectively. Cortisol hyporesponsiveness was considered when peak cortisol concentration was less than 20 g/dl following hCRH. TSH deficiency was diagnosed when a subnormal serum fT4 level was associated with a normal or low TSH. Hypogonadism was considered when T (males) or E2 (women) were below the local reference ranges, in the presence of normal PRL levels. Severe or partial GH deficiencies were defined as a peak GH below 3 g/l or between 3 and 5 g/l, respectively, after stimulation with GHRH. Twenty-one subnormal responses were found in 15 of the 29 patients (52%) tested; seven (24%) had hypogonadism, seven (24%) had cortisol hyporesponsiveness, five (17%) had hypothyroidism, and two patients (7%) had partial GH deficiency.
Waterless TiO2 atomic layer deposition using titanium tetrachloride and titanium tetraisopropoxide (2013)

The surface chemistry for TiO2 atomic layer deposition (ALD) typically utilizes water or other oxidants that can oxidize underlying substrates such as magnetic disks or semiconductors. To avoid this oxidation, waterless or oxidant-free surface chemistry can be used that involves titanium halides and titanium alkoxides. In this study, waterless TiO2 ALD was accomplished using titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) and titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP). In situ transmission Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies were employed to study the surface species and the reactions during waterless TiO2 ALD. At low temperatures between 125 and 225 °C, the FTIR absorbance spectra revealed that the isopropoxide species remained on the surface after TTIP exposures. The TiCl4 exposures then removed the isopropoxide species and deposited additional titanium species. At high temperatures between 250 and 300 °C, the isopropoxide species were converted to hydroxyl species by β-hydride elimination. The observation of propene gaseous reaction product by quadrupole mass spectrometry (QMS) confirmed the β-hydride elimination reaction pathway. The TiCl4 exposures then easily reacted with the hydroxyl species. QMS studies also observed the 2-chloropropane and HCl gaseous reaction products and monitored the self-limiting nature of the TTIP reaction. Additional studies examined the waterless TiO2 ALD growth at low and high temperature. Quartz crystal microbalance measurements observed growth rates of ∼3 ng/cm2 at a low temperature of 150 °C. Much higher growth rates of ∼15 ng/cm2 were measured at a higher temperature of 250 °C under similar reaction conditions. X-ray reflectivity analysis measured a growth rate of 0.55 ± 0.05 Å/cycle at 250 °C. X-ray photoelectron depth-profile studies showed that the TiO2 films contained low Cl concentrations &amp;lt;1 at. %. This waterless TiO2 ALD process using TiCl4 and TTIP should be valuable to prevent substrate oxidation during TiO2 ALD on oxygen-sensitive substrates.
Acquisition and Processing of ToF and Stereo data (2013)

Providing a computer the capability to estimate the three-dimensional geometry of a scene is a fundamental problem in computer vision. A classical systems that has been adopted for solving this problem is the so-called stereo vision system (stereo system). Such a system is constituted by a couple of cameras and it exploits the principle of triangulation in order to provide an estimate of the framed scene. In the last ten years, new devices based on the time-of-flight principle have been proposed in order to solve the same problem, i.e., matricial Time-of-Flight range cameras (ToF cameras).&#13;\nThis thesis focuses on the analysis of the two systems (ToF and stereo cam- eras) from a theoretical and an experimental point of view. ToF cameras are introduced in Chapter 2 and stereo systems in Chapter 3. In particular, for the case of the ToF cameras, a new formal model that describes the acquisition process is derived and presented. In order to understand strengths and weaknesses of such different systems, a comparison methodology is introduced and explained in Chapter 4. From the analysis of ToF cameras and stereo systems it is possible to understand the complementarity of the two systems and it is intuitive to figure that a synergic fusion of their data might provide an improvement in the quality of the measurements preformed by the two devices. In Chapter 5 a method for fusing ToF and stereo data based on a probability approach is presented. In Chapter 6 a method that exploits color and three-dimensional geometry information for solving the classical problem of scene segmentation is explained
Tandheelkundige adhesieven om te hechten aan tand- en restauratiemateriaal (2010)

Vroeger bleven zowel directe als indirecte restauraties voornamelijk op hun plaats door macromechanische retentie en de specifieke weerstandsvorm van de tandpreparatie (retentievorm). Adhesieve technieken hebben echter een grote omkeer gebracht in de restauratieve tandheelkunde. Tegenwoordig is er voor elk soort substraat een geschikt adhesief, waarbij een materiaal aan tandweefsel of aan een bepaald restauratiemateriaal (bijv. een oude vulling of kroon) ‘gehecht’ kan worden. De letterlijke vertaling van een adhesief is dan eigenlijk ook ‘lijm’. Zo zijn er adhesieven om aan glazuur, dentine, composiet, metaal en porselein te hechten. Een adhesief geeft niet alleen retentie, maar moet ook zorgen voor een goede verzegeling tegen het indringen van mondvloeistoffen.
Quantitative Segmentation of Fluorescence Microscopy Images of Heterogeneous Tissue: Application to the Detection of Residual Disease in Tumor Margins (2021)

PurposeTo develop a robust tool for quantitative in situ pathology that allows visualization of heterogeneous tissue morphology and segmentation and quantification of image features.Materials and MethodsTissue excised from a genetically engineered mouse model of sarcoma was imaged using a subcellular resolution microendoscope after topical application of a fluorescent anatomical contrast agent: acriflavine. An algorithm based on sparse component analysis (SCA) and the circle transform (CT) was developed for image segmentation and quantification of distinct tissue types. The accuracy of our approach was quantified through simulations of tumor and muscle images. Specifically, tumor, muscle, and tumor+muscle tissue images were simulated because these tissue types were most commonly observed in sarcoma margins. Simulations were based on tissue characteristics observed in pathology slides. The potential clinical utility of our approach was evaluated by imaging excised margins and the tumor bed in a cohort of mice after surgical resection of sarcoma.ResultsSimulation experiments revealed that SCA+CT achieved the lowest errors for larger nuclear sizes and for higher contrast ratios (nuclei intensity/background intensity). For imaging of tumor margins, SCA+CT effectively isolated nuclei from tumor, muscle, adipose, and tumor+muscle tissue types. Differences in density were correctly identified with SCA+CT in a cohort of ex vivo and in vivo images, thus illustrating the diagnostic potential of our approach.ConclusionThe combination of a subcellular-resolution microendoscope, acriflavine staining, and SCA+CT can be used to accurately isolate nuclei and quantify their density in anatomical images of heterogeneous tissue.
Cell line-specific network models of ER+ breast cancer identify PI3Kα inhibitor sensitivity factors and drug combinations (2020)

Abstract Durable control of invasive solid tumors necessitates identifying therapeutic resistance mechanisms and effective drug combinations. A promising approach to tackle the cancer drug resistance problem is to build mechanistic mathematical models of the signaling network of cancer cells, and explicitly model the dynamics of information flow through this network under distinct genetic conditions and in response to perturbations. In this work, we used a network-based mathematical model to identify sensitivity factors and drug combinations for the PI3Kα inhibitor alpelisib, which was recently approved for ER+ PIK3CA mutant breast cancer. We experimentally validated the model-predicted efficacious combination of alpelisib and BH3 mimetics (e.g. MCL1 inhibitors) in ER+ breast cancer cell lines. We also experimentally validated the reduced sensitivity to alpelisib caused by FOXO3 knockdown, which is a novel potential resistance mechanism. Our experimental results showed cell line-specific sensitivity to the combination of alpelisib and BH3 mimetics, which was driven by the choice of BH3 mimetics. We find that cell lines were sensitive to the addition of either MCL1 inhibitor s63845 alone or in combination with BCL-XL/BCL-2 inhibitor navitoclax, and that the need for the combination of both BH3 mimetics was predicted by the expression of BCL-XL. Based on these results, we developed cell line-specific network models that are able to recapitulate the observed differential response to alpelisib and BH3 mimetics, and also incorporate the most recent knowledge on resistance and response to PI3Kα inhibitors. Overall, we present an approach for the development, experimental testing, and refining of mathematical models, which we apply to the context of PI3Kα inhibitor drug resistance in breast cancer. Our approach predicted and validated PI3Kα inhibitor sensitivity factors (FOXO3 knockdown) and drug combinations (BH3 mimetics), and illustrates that network-based mathematical models can contribute to overcoming the challenge of cancer drug resistance.
Linear programming models for jamming attacks on network traffic flows (2008)

We present a new class of network attacks, referred to as <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">flow-jamming</i> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">attacks</i> , in which an adversary with multiple jammers throughout the network jams packets to reduce traffic flow. We propose a linear programming framework for flow-jamming attacks, providing a foundation for the design of future protocols to mitigate flow-jamming. We propose metrics to evaluate the effect of a flow-jamming attack on network flow and the resource expenditure of the jamming adversary. We develop, evaluate, and compare a variety of flow-jamming attacks using the proposed metrics and the linear programming formulation. In addition, we formulate two approaches for distributed flow-jamming attacks for a set of jammers operating without centralized control and compare the performance to the centralized attacks using the linear programming formulation.