gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
From Multiple Organ Support Therapy to Extracorporeal Organ Support in Critically Ill Patients (2019)

Critically ill patients developing severe forms multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) may not be adequately supported by pharmacologic management. In these complex cases, a single form of extracorporeal organ support (ECOS) may be required, but multiple organ support therapy (MOST) is currently seen as a feasible approach. Severe renal dysfunction is a typical syndrome requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) in the context of MODS. After more than a decade of RRT application in various intensive care settings, ECOS are not anymore seen as extraordinary or particularly aggressive techniques in MODS patients. Nowadays, a significant increase in the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal is occurring. When renal and cardio-pulmonary ECOS are used together, a multidisciplinary approach is necessary to minimize negative interactions and unwanted adverse effects. In this editorial, we focus on the organ crosstalk between the native and artificial organs, including the advantages and disadvantages of organ support on multiorgan function. Much of current experience on MOST has been gained upon RRT connected to other organ support therapies. Overall, available literature has not definitely established the ideal timing of these interventions, and whether early implementation impacts organ recovery and optimizes resource utilization is still a matter of open debate: it is possible that future research will be devoted to identify patient groups that may benefit from short- and long-term multiple organ support. Video Journal Club "Cappuccino with Claudio Ronco" at https://www.karger.com/Journal/ArticleNews/490694?sponsor=52.
Influence of Culture Conditions on Expression of the 40-Kilodalton Porin Protein of Vibrio anguillarum Serotype O2 (1998)

Vibrio anguillarum serotype O2 strains express a 40-kDa outer membrane porin protein. Immunoblot analysis revealed that antigenic determinants of the V. anguillarum O2 40-kDa porin were conserved within bacterial species of the genus Vibrio. The relative amounts of the V. anguillarum O2 40-kDa porin were enhanced by growth of V. anguillarum O2 in CM9 medium containing 5 to 10% sucrose or 0.1 to 0.5 M NaCl. In contrast, the levels of the porin were significantly reduced when cells were grown at 37 degrees C, and a novel 60-kDa protein was also observed. However, the osmolarity or ionic concentration of the growth medium did not influence expression of the 60-kDa protein. Growth in medium containing greater than 0.6 mM EDTA reduced production of the V. anguillarum O2 40-kDa porin and enhanced levels of a novel 19-kDa protein. Thus, expression of the V. anguillarum O2 40-kDa porin was osmoregulated and possibly coregulated by temperature. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the V. anguillarum O2 40-kDa protein and the effect of environmental factors on the cellular levels of the porin suggested that the V. anguillarum O2 40-kDa porin was functionally similar to the OmpC porin of Escherichia coli. However, pore conductance assays revealed that the V. anguillarum O2 40-kDa porin was a general diffusion porin with a pore size in the range of that of the OmpF porin of E. coli.
A unified countermeasure against side channel attacks on cryptographic RFID (2011)

Side channel analysis attacks have been successfully used to attack embedded systems and cryptographic hardware systems. These attacks have been categorized into different types of attacks yielding to a specific countermeasure for each type based on the nature of the attack. As a result, a significant overhead in terms of performance and resources is introduced by the countermeasures applied to the cryptosystems. Having a unified scheme to counteract different attacks can be challenging. In this paper, we introduce a unified gate-level countermeasure scheme that protects against both power analysis attacks and fault attacks simultaneously. In this paper, we show and study how such a unified countermeasure can be applied to todays cryptographic RFIDs.
Mechanism of current collapse removal in field-plated nitride HFETs (2005)

An experimental study of the mechanism of RF current collapse removal in high-power nitride-based HFETs is presented. The results show that the conductivity of the dielectric material under the field plate plays a crucial role in the current collapse removal. Identical geometry field plated HFETs differing only in the FP dielectric conductivity show varying degree of current collapse removal. Devices with semiconducting dielectric layers exhibit perfectly linear RF power - drain bias dependence with the output powers of 20 W/mm at 55 V drain bias with essentially no current collapse. A trapped charge discharging model is presented to explain the removal of current collapse in FPd devices.
Shoulder replacement surgery: computer-assisted preoperative planning and navigation (2019)

With the increasing use of shoulder arthroplasty, surgeons encounter a greater number of primary and revision cases with glenoid deformity, presenting the challenge of avoiding glenoid component malpositioning that can impact patient function and implant longevity. Surgeons can now use preoperative three-dimensional imaging and templating to better understand each patient’s pathology and arrive at the operating room with a clear surgical strategy for implant type, size, and position. With the advent of intraoperative patient-specific instrumentation and navigation, the surgeon also has the means to translate the preoperative plan in the operating room with increased accuracy, thus, decreasing the likelihood of component malposition and its associated complications.
Volatile organic compound detection device (2023)

A volatile organic compound collector can include a collector material configured to collect volatile organic compounds given off from a patient's skin; a wrapping configured to isolate the collector material from an external environment; a heater comprising a heating element, the heating element configured to emit a thermal pulse to desorb the volatile organic compounds from the collector material; and a mesh layer configured to prevent the collector material from contacting the patient's skin, wherein the collector material is received between the wrapping and the mesh layer.
Association of Protein Kinase Cμ with Type II Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase and Type I Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-Kinase (1998)

Protein kinase Cmu (PKCmu), also named protein kinase D, is an unusual member of the PKC family that has a putative transmembrane domain and pleckstrin homology domain. This enzyme has a substrate specificity distinct from other PKC isoforms (Nishikawa, K., Toker, A., Johannes, F. J., Songyang, Z., and Cantley, L. C. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272, 952-960), and its mechanism of regulation is not yet clear. Here we show that PKCmu forms a complex in vivo with a phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase and a phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase. A region of PKCmu between the amino-terminal transmembrane domain and the pleckstrin homology domain is shown to be involved in the association with the lipid kinases. Interestingly, a kinase-dead point mutant of PKCmu failed to associate with either lipid kinase activity, indicating that autophosphorylation may be required to expose the lipid kinase interaction domain. Furthermore, the subcellular distribution of the PKCmu-associated lipid kinases to the particulate fraction depends on the presence of the amino-terminal region of PKCmu including the predicted transmembrane region. These results suggest a novel model in which the non-catalytic region of PKCmu acts as a scaffold for assembly of enzymes involved in phosphoinositide synthesis at specific membrane locations.
Scedosporium/Pseudallescheria Infections (2004)

The genus Scedosporium comprises a group of filamentous fungi found ubiquitously in the environment. The two major human pathogens within this genus are S. apiospermum-the asexual state of Pseudallescheria boydii-and S. prolificans. Both histologically resemble Aspergillus species, with hyphae that are septated and branching at acute angles. Although Scedosporium infections can occur in immunocompetent persons, the overall incidence has increased over the last decade as a consequence of improved diagnostics and a growing immunosuppressed population (e.g., transplant, malignancy, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). These organisms can cause systemic infection in immunocompromised hosts manifested as sinopulmonary, central nervous system, osteoarticular, ocular, endovascular, and lymphocutaneous disease. Dissemination may occur hematogenously or contiguously, with high associated mortality (>75%). Scedosporium species are known to be largely resistant to traditional antifungals such as amphotericin B; however, treatment with newer triazoles, such as voriconazole, appears to be more efficacious.
Mismatch between lactate and the apparent diffusion coefficient of water in progressive focal ischemia (2001)

In this study, we examined mismatch in the area indicated by the normal apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of water and increased lactate in the early stage of focal cerebral ischemia. Five rats were subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. Diffusion-weighted echo planar imaging (DWEPI) and proton echo planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) were performed from 20 to 170 min after MCA occlusion, and lactate and N-acetyl asparate images were obtained by EPSI. Postmortem histological analysis was also performed. The areas of increased lactate and normal ADC were observed in the surrounding border zone of ischemia at approximately 20 min after MCA occlusion. This initial lactate in the border zone was significantly higher than that in the normal area, but lower than that in the ischemic core, which showed a reduction of ADC. However, this area was progressively involved in the ischemic core at 170 min without any treatment. The lactate-ADC mismatch in the initial period of ischemia may offer unique diagnostic information for ischemic tissue at high risk, followed by progressive involvement in the ischemic core without treatment. Considering that the accumulation of initial lactate in this area was not excessive, our findings may suggest that the lactate-ADC mismatch in the early period of ischemia indicates potentially salvageable tissue at high risk, requiring aggressive treatment.
Traumatic cataracts in young children: Correction of aphakia by intraocular lens implantation (1987)

Thirty-seven children aged two to ten years old sustained unilateral traumatic cataract. Aspiration of the traumatic lens was followed by intraocular lens implantation in these 37 eyes. In 23 eyes an IOL was inserted during the initial surgical setting; in 14 eyes a secondary implantation was performed. In 34 eyes posterior capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy was performed before insertion of the lens. No major post-operative complications were observed during the period of follow-up ranging from six to 24 months. In three cases, posterior capsulotomy was not carried out. Secondary surgical intervention was needed and the final visual outcome was poor in these three eyes. Visual acuity of 6/12 or better was achieved in 77% and 69% of the cases after primary or secondary IOL implantation, respectively. Best visual results were recorded in most cases four to ten months after the surgery. These results demonstrate that IOL implantation is a practical approach even in children of the younger age groups.
Myxoma Virus-Loaded Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Experimental Oncolytic Therapy of Murine Pulmonary Melanoma (2020)

Oncolytic viruses can target neoplasms, triggering oncolytic and immune effects. Their delivery to melanoma lesions remains challenging. Bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were shown to be permissive for oncolytic myxoma virus (MYXV), allowing its transfer to melanoma cells, leading to their killing. Involvement of progeny virus was demonstrated in the transfer from MSCs to co-cultured melanoma cells. The inhibitory effect of virus on melanoma foci formation in murine lungs was revealed using melanoma cells previously co-cultured with MYXV-infected MSCs. Virus accumulation and persistence in lungs of lesion-bearing mice were shown following intravenous administration of MSC-shielded MYXV construct encoding luciferase. Therapy of experimentally induced lung melanoma in mice with interleukin (IL)-15-carrying MYXV construct delivered by MSCs led to marked regression of lesions and could increase survival. Elevated natural killer (NK) cell percentages in blood indicated robust innate responses against unshielded virus only. Lung infiltration by NK cells was followed by inflow of CD8+ T lymphocytes into melanoma lesions. Elevated expression of genes involved in adaptive immune response following oncolytic treatment was confirmed using RT-qPCR. No adverse pathological effects related to MSC-mediated oncolytic therapy with MYXV were observed. MSCs allow for safe and efficient ferrying of therapeutic MYXV to pulmonary melanoma foci triggering immune effects.
Using Dynamic Signal-Tracing to Debug Compiler-Optimized HLS Circuits on FPGAs (2015)

High-level synthesis (HLS) for FPGA designs has received considerable attention in recent years. To make this design methodology mainstream, improved debugging technologies are essential. Ideally, a user should be able to debug their design using the original source code, without detailed knowledge of the underlying hardware, while the circuit executes in-situ. Although recent work has made progress toward this goal, existing solutions are unable to provide visibility into circuits that have been heavily optimized by the compiler. HLS compilers typically perform many optimizations, including moving variable values out of memories and into registers distributed throughout the design. Debugging such circuits typically requires either understanding the hardware and probing the appropriate RTL level registers, or ignoring these variables while debugging the design, neither of which is desirable. In this work we present a new signal-tracing technique, specifically designed for circuits that have been optimized by an HLS tool. Information is extracted from the HLS process to determine which signals are relevant to record each cycle. We automatically embed circuitry which dynamically selects the relevant signals, cycle-by-cycle, and records them into on-chip memories. In addition, we explore techniques to balance tracing between cycles to further improve memory efficiency. For each 100Kb of memory allocated to trace buffers, our technique can, on average, record and replay 4322 lines of source code, versus 141 lines using traditional tracing methods.
Correlation Analysis Between Beverage Apparent Viscosity and Ultrasound Velocity (2003)

Abstract Viscosity is an important quality factor for providing food products with quantifiable attributes. A governing law, based on elastic model with the boundary condition of solid particles suspended in liquid, was derived for correlating apparent viscosity with the ultrasound velocity in a liquid food. This law indicates that apparent viscosity varies quadrically with the ultrasound velocity. Experiments were conducted to estimate apparent viscosities of orange and tomato juices using pulse‐echo method. The results are in agreement with the governing law proposed. Data analysis demonstrates that the increase of solid particles in the juices increased both the apparent viscosity and ultrasound velocity. This is believed due to the effects of friction between the solid and liquid, and of bulk modulus stiffening.
Interference-Aware Radio Resource Allocation in OFDMA-Based Cognitive Radio Networks (2011)

This paper considers the problem of radio resource allocation in an orthogonal frequency-division multiple access based cognitive radio (CR) network that opportunistically operates within the licensed primary users (PUs) spectrum. The resource allocation algorithm aims at maximizing the CR network throughput under PUs interference constraints. The CR interference introduced into PUs subbands is modeled as a composite that consists of the following two parts: 1) CR out-of-band emissions and 2) the interference that arises as a result of imperfect spectrum sensing. We consider both downlink and uplink subcarrier and power allocation. In both cases, the resource allocation problem is a mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem, for which obtaining the optimal solution is known to be <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">NP</i> -hard. Computationally efficient suboptimal algorithms are proposed for the downlink resource allocation problem, and then, they are extended to the uplink case. We show through simulation that the proposed algorithms exhibit near-optimal performance and significantly reduce the computational complexity compared to obtaining the optimal solution.
System for Automated Aircraft Seat Floatation Device Inspection (2008)

Airlines are governed by government and/or safety regulations that require each aircraft seat is properly equipped with a floatation device for use by the passenger in the unlikely event of a water landing. The current known aircraft inspection process to verify that each seat has the requisite floatation device is time consuming and labor intensive. The Boeing Company has defined and developed a radio frequency identification (RFID) based automated floatation device inspection system that leverages temporal and location awareness mechanisms to automate aircraft inspection process for floatation devices. The developed automated aircraft seat flotation device inspection system mitigates time consuming and labor intensive characteristics and thereby improves aircraft turn-around time and operational efficiencies.
SU‐E‐CAMPUS‐T‐05: Preliminary Results On a 2D Dosimetry System Based On the Optically Stimulated Luminescence of Al2O3 (2014)

Purpose: To develop a precise 2D dose mapping technique based on the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) from Al 2 O 3 films for medical applications. Methods: A 2D laser scanning reader was developed using fast F + ‐center (lifetime of &lt;7 ns) and slow F‐center (lifetime of 35 ms) OSL emission from newly developed Al 2 O 3 films (Landauer Inc.). An algorithm was developed to correct images for both material and system properties. Since greater contribution of the F??‐center emission in the recorded signal increases the readout efficiency and robustness of image corrections, Al 2 O 3 :C,Mg film samples are being investigated in addition to Al 2 O 3 :C samples. Preliminary investigations include exposure of the films to a 6 MV photon beam at 10 cm depth in solid water phantom with an SSD of 100 cm, using a 10 cm × 10 cm flat field or a 4 cm × 4 cm field with a 60° wedge filter. Kodak EDR2 radiographic film and EBT2 Gafchromic film were also exposed for comparison. Results: The results indicate that the algorithm is able to correct images and calculate 2D dose. For the wedge field irradiation, the calculated dose at the center of the field was 0.9 Gy for Al 2 O 3 :C and 0.87 Gy for Al 2 O 3 :C,Mg, whereas, the delivered dose was 0.95 Gy. A good qualitative agreement of the dose profiles was obtained between the OSL films and EDR2 and EBT2 films. Laboratory tests using a beta source suggest that a large dynamic range (10 −2 −10 2 Gy) can be achieved using this technique. Conclusion: A 2D dosimetry system and an in‐house image correction algorithm were developed for 2D film dosimetry in medical applications. The system is in the preliminary stage of development, but the data demonstrates the feasibility of this approach. This work was supported by Landauer, Inc.
Consensus guidelines on plasma cell myeloma minimal residual disease analysis and reporting (2015)

Consensus guidelines support i) the use of minimum of five initial gating parameters (CD38, CD138, CD45, forward, and sideward light scatter) within the same aliquot for accurate identification of the total plasma cell compartment; ii) the analysis of potentially aberrant phenotypic markers and to report the antigen expression pattern on neoplastic plasma cells as being reduced, normal or increased, when compared to a normal reference plasma cell immunophenotype (obtained using the same instrument and parameters); and iii) the percentage of total bone marrow plasma cells plus the percentages of both normal and neoplastic plasma cells within the total bone marrow plasma cell compartment, and over total bone marrow cells. Consensus guidelines on minimal current and future MRD analyses should target a lower limit of detection of 0.001%, and ideally a limit of quantification of 0.001%, which requires at least 3 × 10(6) and 5 × 10(6) bone marrow cells to be measured, respectively.
Optimization of Potency and Pharmacokinetic Properties of Tetrahydroisoquinoline Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 8 (TRPM8) Antagonists (2014)

Transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) is a nonselective cation channel expressed in a subpopulation of sensory neurons in the peripheral nervous system. TRPM8 is the predominant mammalian cold temperature thermosensor and is activated by cold temperatures ranging from 8 to 25 °C and cooling compounds such as menthol or icilin. TRPM8 antagonists are being pursued as potential therapeutics for treatment of pain and bladder disorders. This manuscript outlines new developments in the SAR of a lead series of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives with emphasis on strategies to improve pharmacokinetic properties and potency. Selected compounds were profiled in two TRPM8 target-specific in vivo coverage models in rats (the icilin-induced wet dog shake model and the cold pressor test). Compound 45 demonstrated robust efficacy in both pharmacodynamic models with ED90 values <3 mg/kg.
Optoacoustic trace-gas monitoring with near-infrared diode lasers (1994)

An inexpensive resonant optoacoustic monitoring system using near-infrared laser diodes was developed. It was demonstrated that wavelength modulation at the resonance frequency of the cell provides a superior signal-to-noise ratio compared with amplitude modulation and eliminates background drifts and fluctuations. The system was tested out on ammonia. Its sensitivity is 8 parts in 10(9) (S/N = 1) at atmospheric pressure, which corresponds to a minimum detectable absorption coefficient of approximately 3.5 × 10(-11) cm(-1) W(-1). The pressure dependence of the optoacoustic resonance was also investigated. The monitor can be used as a continuous flow-through system up to a flow rate of approximately 3.5 L/min.
Zero TE‐based pseudo‐CT image conversion in the head and its application in PET/MR attenuation correction and MR‐guided radiation therapy planning (2018)

The described method enables MR to pseudo-CT image conversion for the head in an accurate, robust, and fast manner without relying on anatomical prior knowledge. Potential applications include PET/MR-AC, and MR-guided RTP.
Correction: miRNA independent hepacivirus variants suggest a strong evolutionary pressure to maintain miR-122 dependence (2018)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006694.].