gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Prolactin Receptor Activation and Blockade Using Time-Resolved Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (2011)

The prolactin receptor (PRLR) is emerging as a therapeutic target in oncology. Knowledge-based drug design led to the development of a pure PRLR antagonist (Del1-9-G129R-hPRL) that was recently shown to prevent PRL-induced mouse prostate tumorogenesis. In humans, the first gain-of-function mutation of the PRLR (PRLR(I146L)) was recently identified in breast tumor patients. At the molecular level, the actual mechanism of action of these two novel players in the PRL system remains elusive. In this study, we addressed whether constitutive PRLR activation (PRLR(I146L)) or PRLR blockade (antagonist) involved alteration of receptor oligomerization and/or of inter-chain distances compared to unstimulated and PRL-stimulated PRLR. Using a combination of various biochemical and spectroscopic approaches (co-IP, blue native electrophoresis, BRET(1)), we demonstrated that preformed PRLR homodimers are altered neither by PRL- or I146L-induced receptor triggering, nor by antagonist-mediated blockade. These findings were confirmed using a novel time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET) technology that allows monitoring distance changes between cell surface tagged receptors. This technology revealed that PRLR blockade or activation did not involve detectable distance changes between extracellular domains of receptor chains within the dimer. This study merges with our previous structural investigations suggesting that the mechanism of PRLR activation solely involves intermolecular contact adaptations leading to subtle intramolecular rearrangements.
Driver reactions to horn and headlight warnings in critical situations : A simulator study (2013)

This paper presents a driving simulator study on driving behavior in a critical head-on collision scenario. The study aims at providing basic understanding of driver responses to headlight and horn warning coming from another vehicle a time critical situation. In total, 48 participants drove 30 km. During the drive participants performed a secondary task, announced by a vibration in the seat. At the time of the secondary task the own vehicle was directed into the opposing lane where oncoming simulated vehicles issued a light and/or sound warnings to get the drivers attention. An additional purpose of the study was to examine if the warning coming from the other vehicle has a different effect on persons with a hearing loss. A possible application for this type of warnings is the implementation of a system for automatic activation. Systems for automatic activation of brakes and steering are currently entering the market. These systems use proximity sensors to monitor the state of surrounding road users. Depending on the specific situation the effort/possibility to avoid or mitigate an accident may differ significantly between the principle road users of a pending collision, e.g. one road user (1) may easily avoid a collision while another (2) may not be able to do so. The only possibility for the second road user (2) to avoid a collision in such a situation is to issue a warning to the first (1), so that he/she may take evasive actions. Connecting the horn and the headlight to already existing sensor system, for automatic warning activation, is a cost effective means to provide such a warning. The warnings, could of course, also be triggered manually by the driver. The results indicate that a driver who receives a warning from the oncoming vehicle responds faster to avoid the pending frontal collision. The most effective warning was the combination of horn and headlight. A majority of the participants where positive to the notion of an automated system to provide this type of warning (n=41). No significant difference in the behavior between the groups with and without hearing loss was found in this study.
Exploring a Long-term Dataset of Nature Reserve Ambisonics Recordings (2022)

Since 2017, monthly 3D audio recordings of a nature preserve capture the acoustic environment over seasons and years. The recordings are made at the same location and using the same recording equipment, capturing one hour before and after sunset. The recordings, annotated with real-time weather data and manually labeled for acoustic events, are made to understand if and how a natural soundscape evolves over time allowing for data-driven speculation about transformations of the soundscape that might be caused by climate change. After a short description of the general project and its current state, methods and results of algorithmic analysis used are presented and the results are discussed. Further methods of collecting additional data and expanded analyses of the body of data are suggested.
Prisma CRRT machine (Hospal, Lyon, France) (2011)

<b>Copyright information:</b>Taken from "Continuous haemofiltration in the intensive care unit"Critical Care 2000;4(6):339-345.Published online 20 Oct 2000PMCID:PMC137261.Copyright © 2000 Current Science Ltd This is from a new generation of devices that have been developed to be simple to operate and prime, and that possess more sophisticated alarm and monitoring functions.
Isolation of Discrete Nanoparticle−DNA Conjugates for Plasmonic Applications (2016)

Discrete DNA−gold nanoparticle conjugates with DNA lengths as short as 15 bases for both 5 and 20 nm gold particles have been purified by anion-exchange HPLC. Conjugates comprising short DNA (&lt;40 bases) and large gold particles (≥20 nm) are difficult to purify by other means and are potential substrates for plasmon coupling experiments. Conjugate purity is demonstrated by hybridizing complementary conjugates to form discrete structures, which are visualized by TEM.
Suppression of boron penetration in BF/sup 2/+ -implanted poly-Si gate using N/sub 2/O oxide and stacked amorphous-silicon (SAS) structure (2005)

Four types of poly-Si gate structure with two types of gate oxide were investigated in this paper to suppress the boron penetration in BF/sup 2/+ -implanted poly Si gate PMOSFET's. Both N/sub 2/O oxide and stacked /spl alpha/-Si structure can effectively suppress the boron penetration.
Protein recovery from inclusion bodies of Escherichia coli using mild solubilization process (2015)

Formation of inclusion bodies in bacterial hosts poses a major challenge for large scale recovery of bioactive proteins. The process of obtaining bioactive protein from inclusion bodies is labor intensive and the yields of recombinant protein are often low. Here we review the developments in the field that are targeted at improving the yield, as well as quality of the recombinant protein by optimizing the individual steps of the process, especially solubilization of the inclusion bodies and refolding of the solubilized protein. Mild solubilization methods have been discussed which are based on the understanding of the fact that protein molecules in inclusion body aggregates have native-like structure. These methods solubilize the inclusion body aggregates while preserving the native-like protein structure. Subsequent protein refolding and purification results in high recovery of bioactive protein. Other parameters which influence the overall recovery of bioactive protein from inclusion bodies have also been discussed. A schematic model describing the utility of mild solubilization methods for high throughput recovery of bioactive protein has also been presented.
Atom interferometry in a moving guide (2006)

We demonstrate a current-controlled magnetic guide that can transport atoms in the direction perpendicular to the waveguide. We have combined this with a light pulse Talbot-Lau interferometer that splits and recombines atom wavepackets along the free propagation direction of the waveguide, resulting in an interferometric path that encloses area and thus can be used to sense rotation.
Rat IgE directed against schistosomula‐released products is cytotoxic for Schistosoma mansoni schistosomula in vitro (1984)

The immunogenicity of molecules shed by schistosomula into culture medium (antigens present in schistosomula-released products, SRP-A) has been studied. The results obtained show that SRP-A preferentially induce an IgE response when injected into rats, without the need for adjuvants. Moreover, anti-SRP-A IgE is cytotoxic in vitro for the larvae in the presence of macrophages, eosinophils or platelets, which have previously been demonstrated as being the three efficient killer cells for schistosomula in the presence of specific IgE. Immunofluorescence analysis locates the target antigens at the schistosomulum surface. Among the antigens recognized by anti-SRP-A IgE, two molecules of 26 and 22 kDa have been identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by western blotting.
Particle Dependence of Quenching Effect in an Optical-Fiber-Type Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimeter (2017)

To monitor an actual dose in a patient's body during radiotherapy treatment, we have developed a small-size dosimeter of an optical fiber probe mounting optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) materials at the tip. The OSL materials show a quenching effect when they are irradiated by charged particles with high linear energy transfer (LET). We evaluate the particle dependence on the quenching effect in the small-size OSL dosimeter probe. Eu:BaFBr and Ce:CaF 2 were adopted as OSL materials, and two types of small-size dosimeter were fabricated. We irradiated 290 MeV/u carbon ions, 150 MeV/u helium ions, and 225 MeV protons and measured the Bragg peak. The Eu:BaFBr small-size dosimeter showed the quenching effect in these three types of particle irradiation. The Ce:CaF 2 small-size dosimeter showed the quenching effect only in carbon ion irradiation. The luminescence efficiencies of Eu:BaFBr were compared among these three charged particles. The quenching effect of Eu:BaFBr is independent of the irradiated particles.
Diaphragm Pacing Could Have Efficacy for Sleep Condition in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (2018)

Background: To investigate the efficacy of electrical diaphragm pacing (DP) for sleep condition in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Method: We investigated 5 Japanese ALS patients without positive-pressure mechanical ventilation (3 men and 2 women, aged 59.6 ± 9.6 years). All of them were implanted NeuRx RA/4 Diaphragm Pacing System R (NeuRx) in the diaphragm laparoscopically. We assessed physical status and polysomnographic recordings before implantation and after 6 months of conditioning with DP turned on. Results: 4 patients completed the evaluation. Sleep condition showed the tendency to improve far from getting worse despite of deterioration of physical status and respiratory function. Conclusion: DP with NeuRx might assist the sleep condition in ALS patients at least in 6 months of follow up.
Distinct Mechanisms of α5β1 Integrin Activation by Ha-Ras and R-Ras (2000)

To investigate the possible roles of the Ras/Rho family members in the inside-out signals to activate integrins, we examined the ability of Ras/Rho small GTPases to stimulate avidity of alpha(5)beta(1) (VLA-5) to fibronectin in bone marrow-derived mast cells. We found that both Ha-Ras(Val-12) and R-Ras(Val-38) had strong stimulatory effects on adhesion and ligand binding activity of VLA-5 to fibronectin. However, only Ha-Ras(Val-12)-, but not R-Ras(Val-38)-induced adhesion was inhibited by wortmannin, which suggests that Ha-Ras(Val-12) is dependent on phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase on adhesion whereas R-Ras(Val-38) has another PI 3-kinase independent pathway to induce adhesion. The effector loop mutant Ha-Ras(Val-12)E37G, but not Y40C retained the ability to stimulate adhesion of mast cells to fibronectin. Consistently, PI 3-kinase p110delta, predominantly expressed in mast cells, interacted with Ha-Ras(Val-12) E37G, but not Y40C, which was also correlated with the levels of Akt phosphorylation in mast cells. Furthermore, marked adhesion was induced by a membrane-targeted version of p110delta. These results indicate that Ha-Ras(Val-12) activated VLA-5 through PI 3-kinase p110delta. The mutational effects of the R-Ras effector loop region on adhesion were not correlated with PI 3-kinase activities, consistent with our contention that R-Ras has a distinct pathway to modulate avidity of VLA-5.
An assembly defect as a result of an attenuating mutation in the capsid proteins of the poliovirus type 3 vaccine strain (1991)

The molecular basis of the temperature-sensitive (ts) phenotype of P3/Sabin, the type 3 vaccine strain of poliovirus, was investigated in light of the known correlation between ts and attenuation phenotypes. A phenylalanine at residue 91 of the capsid protein VP3 was a major determinant of both phenotypes, and attenuation and ts could be reverted by the same second-site mutations. The ts phenotype was due to a defect early in the assembly process that inhibited the formation of 14S pentamers, empty capsids, and virions. It was further shown that capsid proteins that were not incorporated into higher-order structures had short half-lives at the nonpermissive temperature.
Amorphas Silica Nanoparticles Decrease Human Chorionic Gonadotropin β Expression During Syncytialization of BeWo Cell (2022)

Nanoparticles are used in many everyday products because of their innovative properties, but there are concerns that, being smaller than conventional materials, they have the potential to induce unexpected biological effects. Despite the need for the safety of nanoparticles to be assessed, action in this area is still lagging. Several studies, including those by us, have revealed that nanoparticles can reach the placenta and show placental toxicity, but it remains unclear how nanoparticles affect placental function. Here, we attempted to assess the effect of nanoparticles on placental hormone-producing function by using an in vitro forskolin-induced BeWo syncytialization model. BeWo cells were treated with amorphous silica nanoparticles with a diameter of 10 nm (nSP10) either during syncytialization or after being syncytialized by forskolin treatment. RT-PCR analysis showed that nSP10 inhibited forskolin-induced upregulation in the expression level of human chorionic gonadotropin β (hCGβ; gene name, CGB) during syncytialization, but not in syncytialized BeWo cells. Moreover, nSP10 downregulated forskolin-induced elevation in the expression of endogenous retrovirus group FRD member 1 (ERVFRD-1) and syndecan-1 (SDC1), which are involved in cell fusion during syncytialization. These results suggest that nSP10 could suppress trophoblast cell fusion, thus inhibiting the production of hCG in syncytialized BeWo cells.
On the Optimality of Treating Inter-Cell Interference as Noise in Uplink\n Cellular Networks (2018)

In this paper, we explore the information-theoretic optimality of treating\ninterference as noise (TIN) in cellular networks. We focus on uplink scenarios\nmodeled by the Gaussian interfering multiple access channel (IMAC), comprising\n$K$ mutually interfering multiple access channels (MACs), each formed by an\narbitrary number of transmitters communicating independent messages to one\nreceiver. We define TIN for this setting as a scheme in which each MAC (or\ncell) performs a power-controlled version of its capacity-achieving strategy,\nwith Gaussian codebooks and successive decoding, while treating interference\nfrom all other MACs (i.e. inter-cell interference) as noise. We characterize\nthe generalized degrees-of-freedom (GDoF) region achieved through the proposed\nTIN scheme, and then identify conditions under which this achievable region is\nconvex without the need for time-sharing. We then tighten these convexity\nconditions and identify a regime in which the proposed TIN scheme achieves the\nentire GDoF region of the IMAC and is within a constant gap of the entire\ncapacity region.\n
In Vivo Potency Assay for Adeno-Associated Virus–Based Gene Therapy Vectors Using AAVrh.10 as an Example (2018)

The development of a drug product requires rigorous methods of characterization and quality control to assure drug potency. Gene therapy products, a relatively new strategy for drug design with very few licensed examples, represent a unique challenge for the measure of potency. Unlike traditional drugs, potency for a gene therapeutic is a tally of the measures of multiple steps, including infectivity, transcription, translation, protein modifications, proper localization of the protein product, and protein function. This is particularly challenging for products based on the adeno-associated virus (AAV) platform, which has poor in vitro infectivity, limiting the sensitivity and thus the usefulness of cell-based assays. A rigorous in vivo assay has been established that separately evaluates infection, transcription, and resulting protein levels with specifications for each based on real time polymerase chain reaction (DNA and RNA) and standard protein assays. For an acceptance criterion, an administered vector must have vector DNA, transgene mRNA, and transgene expressed protein each concurrently meet individual specifications or the production lot fails. Using the AAVrh.10 serotype as a model vector and three different transgenes as examples, the assay is based on intravenous administration of the vector to male mice. At 2 weeks, the harvested liver is homogenized and assessed for vector genome levels (to assess for vector delivery), mRNA (to assess vector infectivity and transcription), and protein in the liver or serum (to assess protein expression). For all AAV vectors, the assay is robust and reproducible: vector DNA (linearity 10<sup>2</sup>-10<sup>9</sup> copies, coefficient of variation) intra-assay <0.8%, inter-assay <0.5%; mRNA intra-assay <3.3%, inter-assay <3.4%. The reproducibility of the assay for transgene expressed protein is product specific. This in vivo potency assay is a strategy for characterization and a quantitative lot release test, providing a path forward to meet regulatory drug requirements for any AAV gene therapy vectors.
Timing of surgical intervention after a cervical fracture, dislocation, and central cord injuries (2003)

Approximately 11,000 spinal cord injuries occur each year in North America and a high percentage of these injuries affect young active men. Advances in the medical and surgical treatment of these patients have allowed for earlier mobilization and rehabilitation, but no effective treatment exists to restore spinal cord function below the level of injury. Multiple animal studies strongly support the efficacy of surgical decompressive procedures in diminishing the effects of acute spinal cord injuries. Despite the numerous animal studies, which suggest that early spinal cord decompression improves neurologic outcome, early spinal cord decompression in humans remains controversial. Even recent literature fails to define clearly the role of surgical timing after traumatic spinal cord injury in humans. Therefore, randomized controlled studies are required to address the importance of early surgical decompression in humans. There are approximately 11,000 spinal cord injuries (SCIs) each year in North America [1,2]. Most of these injuries affect young active men with an average age of 35 years and are most commonly the result of motor vehicle accidents, falls, sporting accidents, and an increasing proportion resulting from gunshot wounds [1,2]. Currently, no effective means of treatment exists to restore spinal cord function below the level of injury, which results in many years of lost independence and medical expenses. The annual financial cost of caring for patients with SCIs was estimated to exceed $4 billion in 1990 [3]. Recent advances in medical and surgical management of these patients with steroids and internal fixation have provided earlier mobilization and quicker rehabilitation after the SCI, leading to improvements in functional outcome. Despite these advances, controversy still exists regarding the timing for surgical intervention in these patients.
Observation of non-basal slip in semipolar InxGa1-xN/GaN heterostructures (2011)

In this paper, we report on observations of the operation of secondary slip systems to relieve lattice mismatch stress in semipolar InGaN/GaN heterostructures. Two-dimensional arrays of misfit dislocations were observed. Consistent with previous reports, primary relaxation occurred along the projected c direction via primary slip on the (0001) basal plane. In addition, evidence for secondary relaxation was detected in cathodoluminescence spectroscopy, high resolution x-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies. The secondary misfit dislocations were determined by TEM to have a-type Burgers vectors a/3 〈2¯110〉 and line directions along 〈42¯2¯3¯〉, consistent with prismatic slip on one of the m-type planes inclined with respect to the (112¯2) growth surface. Evidence of an additional slip system with approximate misfit line direction of type 〈202¯3¯〉 is also given.
Fusion of two distinct peptide exosite inhibitors of Factor VIIa (2002)

Highly potent bifunctional inhibitors of Factor VIIa (FVIIa) were generated by linking two distinct peptides, recently shown to bind to two discrete exosites on the FVIIa protease domain [Dennis, Eigenbrot, Skelton, Ultsch, Santell, Dwyer, O'Connell and Lazarus (2000) Nature (London) 404, 465-470; Dennis, Roberge, Quan and Lazarus (2001) Biochemistry 40, 9513-9521; Roberge, Santell, Dennis, Eigenbrot, Dwyer and Lazarus (2001) Biochemistry 40, 9522-9531]. Fusion peptides consisting of an N-terminal A-series peptide followed by flexible linkers, an E-series peptide, and the Z-domain of protein A were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified using IgG-Sepharose affinity chromatography. The fusion peptides were potent anticoagulants and had steep concentration dependence curves in tissue factor-dependent prothrombin time (PT) assays in comparison to the individual peptides or their noncovalent combination. This phenomenon was dependent on the length of the linker joining the A- and E-peptides. The fusion of the peptides increased the extent of inhibition of Factor X (FX) activation to 100% at saturating peptide concentrations, but did not improve the binding affinity for Factor VIIa (FVIIa) at the A- and E- binding sites or the IC(50) for the inhibition of FX activation. Differences between the peptides in the PT fold prolongation in normal and FVII-deficient plasma, in conjunction with the inhibition of (125)I-FVII activation, suggest that the enhanced effects of the fusion peptides involve the inhibition of FVII autoactivation.
Associations of Racial and Ethnic Category, Age, Comorbidities, and Socioeconomic Factors on Concordance to NCCN Guidelines for Patients With High-Risk Biliary Tract Cancers After Surgery (2022)

This study indicates that Hispanic patients with high-risk BTC are significantly less likely to receive NCCN-concordant treatment in comparison to White patients. More research is needed to confirm and understand the observed disparities and guide targeted interventions at the system-level.