gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plasminogen activator inhibitor type–1 deficiency does not influence the outcome of murine pneumococcal pneumonia (2003)

Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its receptor uPAR are components of the fibrinolytic system and are important for an adequate immune response to respiratory tract infection, in part through their role in the migration of inflammatory cells. PA inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is the predominant inhibitor of soluble and receptor-bound uPA. To determine the role of PAI-1 in host defense against pneumococcal pneumonia, the following studies were performed: (1) Patients with unilateral community-acquired pneumonia demonstrated elevated PAI-1 concentrations together with decreased PA activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) obtained from the infected, but not from the contralateral, site. (2) Mice with Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia displayed elevated PAI-1 protein and mRNA levels in their lungs. (3) PAI-1 gene-deficient mice, however, had an unaltered immune response to pneumococcal pneumonia, as measured by cell recruitment into lungs, bacterial outgrowth, and survival. Furthermore, plasminogen-gene-deficient mice also had an unremarkable defense against pneumococcal pneumonia. These data indicate that pneumonia is associated with inhibition of the fibrinolytic system at the site of the infection secondary to increased production of PAI-1; an intact fibrinolytic response is not required for an adequate host response to respiratory tract infection, however, suggesting that the previously described role of uPA and uPAR are restricted to their function in cell migration.
Invasive Prostate Carcinoma Driven by c-Src and Androgen Receptor Synergy (2010)

Cellular Src (c-Src) integrates a large number of signal transduction pathways regulating cell division, migration, and other aspects of cell physiology. Mutations of Src kinase have not been described in human prostate cancer, but evidence for increased levels of expression accompanying cancer progression has been reported. We analyzed overexpression of c-Src in naïve mouse prostate epithelium and observed no change in tubule formation frequency or histologic structure. However, when enhanced c-Src expression is coupled with enhanced expression of androgen receptor (AR), it results in a strong activation of Src kinase activity accompanied by activation of the MAPK pathway, and enhanced AR activity. Similar to the pathology induced by constitutively active c-Src(Y529F), the tubules progress to frank carcinoma with invasion and display markers of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. These combined results suggest that nonmutated Src kinase may play a more important role in the genesis and progression of prostate cancer than previously appreciated and that epigenetic changes that enhance the level of AR may select for enhanced expression of c-Src with accompanying activation and a strong drive to malignant progression.
Low Cost, Injection Molded 120 Gbps Optical Backplane (2011)

A low cost, blind mate, injection molded optical backplane is presented. The optical backplane consists of a 12 channel optical broadcast bus operating at 10Gbps/channel with six blind mate optical output ports spaced 1U apart.
Novel Protonic Conductive Silicates Produced by the Sol-Gel Method (2000)

ABSTRACT Materials which display ionic conductivity were produced by the sol-gel and microemulsion-gel methods. The charging and discharging characteristics were investigated and it was found that a single ionic species was responsible for the conduction, the ionic species being residual protons from the initial component mixture. The complex impedence of various samples was measured and the ionic conductivities ranged in value from 9 × 10−8 to 1 × 10−5 ohm−1 cm−1. An Arrhemius plot for a microemulsion-gel revealed that the energy of activation was 0.15 eV.
40 nm Ultralow-Power Charge-Trap Embedded NVM Technology for IoT Applications (2018)

A 40 nm charge-trap embedded NVM technology is presented which is operational at the main power supply of 0.81 to 1.21 V. It is based on SONOS and requires only five extra masking steps beyond standard CMOS. A product-ready 8Mb macro is used to demonstrate technology capabilities. Key features are 25 ns read access time in the 0.99 to 1.21 V supply range and very low current consumption. The macro provides several power- saving modes, 100k write cycles and 10-year data retention for application in consumer and industrial SoCs.
MP51-01 INCREMENTAL ADHERENCE TO GUIDELINE-BASED CARE IS ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVED SURVIVAL AMONG PATIENTS WHO UNDERGO BLADDER PRESERVATION THERAPY OR RADICAL CYSTECTOMY FOR MUSCLE-INVASIVE BLADDER CANCER (2018)

36% risk of getting a CT in 90 days if no stone procedure was done and 93% risk of CT in 90 days if they had a stone procedure performed within 90 days. Compared to those who had CT scans in the ED, patients who underwent US alone in the ED had an odds ratio of getting a CT in the next 90 days of 1.74 (95% CI 1.66-1.82, p<0.001) if managed non-surgically and of 2.66 (95% CI 2.43-2.91, p<0.001) if a stone procedure was performed within 90 days.
Creation and Evaluation of New Porcine Model for Investigation of Treatments of Surgical Site Infection (2017)

Surgical site infection (SSI) is the most common cause of surgical failure, increasing the risks of postoperative mortality and morbidity. Recently, it has been reported that the use of antimicrobial dressings at the incision site help with prevention of SSI. Despite the increased body of research on the development of different types of antimicrobial dressings for this application, to our knowledge, nobody has reported a reliable large animal model to evaluate the efficacy of developed materials in a preclinical SSI model. In this study, we developed a porcine full-thickness incision model to investigate SSI caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), the leading cause of SSI in the United States. Using this model, we then evaluated the efficacy of our newly developed silver releasing nanofibrous dressings for preventing and inhibiting MRSA infection. Our results confirmed the ease and practicality of a new porcine model as an in vivo platform for evaluation of biomaterials for SSI. Using this model, we found that our silver releasing scaffolds significantly reduced bacterial growth in wounds inoculated with MRSA relative to nontreated controls and to wounds treated with the gold standard, silver sulfadiazine, without causing inflammation at the wound site. Findings from this study confirm the potential of our silver-releasing nanofibrous scaffolds for treatment/prevention of SSI, and introduce a new porcine model for in vivo evaluation of additional SSI treatment approaches.
Synthesis of 5,7,8,9,10,11-Hexahydro-7-oxo-8,11-iminoazepino[1,2-b]isoquinolines (1995)

Methyl 4-methylene-2-oxo-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-6exo-6-carboxylates have been converted into methyl 5,7,8,9,10,11hexahydro-7-oxo-8,11-iminoazepino[l,2-b]isoquinoline-lO-carboxylates.There has been considerable interest in the development of synthetic routes' to the antitumour2 metabolite quinocarcin (1);3 we and Garner4 have utilised strategies in which the key 3,8diazabicyclo[3.2.l]octane nucleus is constructed via a dipolar cycloaddition to a 3oxidopyrazinium, though the methods employed for the generation of this 1,3-dipole are quite different.Garner generates a 5-0x0-3-oxidopyrazinium by photolysis of an aziridinosuccinimide, previously formed by addition of methyl azide to the double bond in a maleimide, then photochemical extrusion of nitrogen; this route has been developed into an elegant total synthesis of quinocarcin itself, in homochiral form.5 Another elegant synthesis of the natural substance utilises a quite different synthetic strategy.6oxidopyrazinium (3) into 4,s which had been previously synthesised by Weinreb9 by a completely different route.In this paper we describe the elaboration of methyl 4-methylene-2-0x0-3,sdiazabicyclo[3.2.lloctane-6-exo-6-carboxylates (5a and b) (the methyl acrylate adducts derived originally from 6-methylpyrazin-2-one) into tetracyclic, 5,7,8,9,10,11-hexahydro-7-0x0-8,11iminoazepinoll,2-blisoquinolines (7a-c) having four of the five rings of quinocarcin, and with ester and amide carbonyl functions appropriately placed for further elaboration.NaH
Education for Water Resilient Cities: A one-day symposium for teachers and students for the City We Need (2019)

This report is the result of a symposium organised by the department of Urbanism of the Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment of the TU Delft on May 14 2018. with the objective to discuss ideas, methodologies and challenges of a planning and design education for water resilient cities.
LVS-Cache: Performance Improvement using Low-Degree Vertex Static Caching on Disk-based Graph Engine (2018)

웹과 소셜 네트워크의 발전에 따라 대규모 그래프를 효과적으로 처리하는 기법에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 그 중, 단일 머신에서 작은 메모리로도 그래프 처리가 가능한, 디스크 기반 그래프 엔진이 많이 활용되고 있다. 하지만 이 엔진은 디스크 입출력 성능으로 인한 전체 프로세싱 성능 저하가 있다. 기존의 시스템은 블록 캐시를 활용하여 이러한 문제를 해결하고자 하였으나, 그래프 처리의 특성상, 블록 캐시는 캐시 적중률이 낮아 효율성이 떨어지고, 동적으로 할당하고 해제하는 비용이 발생한다. 본 논문에서는 해당 문제의 해결책으로 LVS-Cache 기법을 제안한다. 이 기법은 블록 캐시의 효율성을 저하시키는 데이터를 미리 정적으로 캐싱한다. Degree가 낮은 Vertex들을 캐싱함으로써, 메모리 사용량 대비 높은 캐시 활용 효과를 얻고자 하였다. 제안한 LVS-Cache 에 대한 실험 결과, 블록 캐시에 비해 성능이 향상되었으며, 디스크 입출력 양도 효과적으로 줄어든 것을 확인하였다.
Multivalent activation of GLP-1 and sulfonylurea receptors modulates β-cell second-messenger signaling and insulin secretion (2018)

Linking two pharmacophores that bind different cell surface receptors into a single molecule can enhance cell-targeting specificity to cells that express the complementary receptor pair. In this report, we developed and tested a synthetic multivalent ligand consisting of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) linked to glibenclamide (Glb) (GLP-1/Glb) for signaling efficacy in β-cells. Expression of receptors for these ligands, as a combination, is relatively specific to the β-cell in the pancreas. The multivalent GLP-1/Glb increased both intracellular cAMP and Ca<sup>2+</sup>, although Ca<sup>2+</sup> responses were significantly depressed compared with the monomeric Glb. Moreover, GLP-1/Glb increased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in a dose-dependent manner. However, unlike the combined monomers, GLP-1/Glb did not augment insulin secretion at nonstimulatory glucose concentrations in INS 832/13 β-cells or human islets of Langerhans. These data suggest that linking two binding elements, such as GLP-1 and Glb, into a single bivalent ligand can provide a unique functional agent targeted to β-cells.
Transactional Knowledge Graph Generation To Model Adversarial Activities (2021)

A Knowledge Graph (KG) is a formal and structured representation of entities, relationships, and their semantic descriptions. Traditionally, KGs are used to describe metadata about entities and provide additional context to a target application. Many real-world domains also involve temporal interactions between entities, in addition to the metadata. Modeling these attributed transactions is a critical requirement when using KGs in complex real-world applications, such as modeling adversarial activities. Adversarial activity modeling requires methodology and tools to produce realistic large-scale background graphs that include embedded Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) activity patterns [1]. We present a novel framework for constructing transactional knowledge graphs from a diverse set of sources. We present cloud-scale architecture of the framework, core components, and a real-world use case to demonstrate the generation of a background knowledge graph and WMD activity templates to evaluate network alignment and subgraph matching algorithms.
Can a patient smart card improve decision making in a clinical setting?. (1995)

In the health field, clinical information is the raw material for the clinician delivering health services. Therefore, the clinical information available to the physician is often incomplete or even non¿existent upon consultation. Furthermore, the reconstruction of the medical history, which is the most important source of data for the clinician to establish a diagnosis and initiate a treatment, suffers from many constraints. The smart card, like the one used in Quebec's project, could ease the physician's decision-making by allowing fast access to accurate and pertinent data. The smart card is a major asset in the present health system.
On‐Chip Optical Detection of Viruses: A Review (2021)

The current outbreak of the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic worldwide has caused millions of fatalities and imposed a severe impact on our daily lives. Thus, the global healthcare system urgently calls for rapid, affordable, and reliable detection toolkits. Although the gold-standard nucleic acid amplification tests have been widely accepted and utilized, they are time-consuming and labor-intensive, which exceedingly hinder the mass detection in low-income populations, especially in developing countries. Recently, due to the blooming development of photonics, various optical chips have been developed to detect single viruses with the advantages of fast, label-free, affordable, and point of care deployment. Herein, optical approaches especially in three perspectives, e.g., flow-free optical methods, optofluidics, and surface-modification-assisted approaches, are summarized. The future development of on-chip optical-detection methods in the wave of emerging new ideas in nanophotonics is also briefly discussed.
Design of Ligands for the Extraction of PtCl62- into Liquid CO2 (2001)

The current solvent extraction method for refining platinum group metals (PGMs) creates contact between aqueous and organic phases and thus leads to cross-contamination. We have therefore endeavored to employ liquid carbon dioxide as the organic phase in such extractions to eliminate the waste stream deriving from organic contamination of the aqueous phase. Whereas traditional metal-binding ligands dissolve in CO2 at moderate pressures, the resulting complexes [(LH+)2MClx2-] exhibit negligible solubility in CO2 at pressures up to 400 atm. Consequently, we have designed and synthesized a series of highly CO2-soluble analogues to the metal-binding ligands currently used by the PGM-refining industry. We have measured equilibrium efficiency factors for various ligands and ligands bound to platinum. We have found that the structure of the CO2-philic component of the ligand affects the binding constant and hence that fluoroalkyls are better extractants of platinum than fluoroethers. Finally, we have noted that the phase behavior of the ligand−metal complex is a function of both the ligand structure and the identity of the metal, opening the possibility for separations based on both pressure and ligand selectivity.
A Defined and Flexible Pocket Explains Aryl Substrate Promiscuity of the Cahuitamycin Starter Unit–Activating Enzyme CahJ (2018)

Cahuitamycins are biofilm inhibitors assembled by a convergent nonribosomal peptide synthetase pathway. Previous genetic analysis indicated that a discrete enzyme, CahJ, serves as a gatekeeper for cahuitamycin structural diversification. Here, the CahJ protein was probed structurally and functionally to guide the formation of new analogues by mutasynthetic studies. This analysis enabled the in vivo production of a new cahuitamycin congener through targeted precursor incorporation.
Policy framework for security and privacy management (2009)

Policies that address security and privacy are pervasive parts of both technical and social systems, and technology that enables both organizations and individuals to create and manage such policies is a critical need in information technology (IT). This paper describes the notion of end-to-end policy management and advances a framework that can be useful in understanding the commonality in IT security and privacy policy management.
Labeling of DTPA-BP with Tc-99m and Ga-68 as new phosphorus bone imaging agents (2011)

1531 Objectives Radiolabeled bisphosphonates (Tc-99m MDP or HDP) have been used for nuclear bone scanning. The major existing disadvantage is slow clearance from soft tissue. In addition, both MDP and HDP bear no chelators and they tend to degrade with time and produce pertechnetate as an impurity. To overcome these disadvantages, we developed a chelator-based phosphorus imaging agent with fast clearance. This study was aimed to evaluate Tc-99m and Ga-68 labeled N6-carboxymethyl-N3,N9-bis[2,2-bis(phosphono)-2-hydroxy]ethyl-3,6,9-triazaundecanedioic acid (DTPA-BP) as new novel agents of bone imaging. Methods DTPA-BP was synthesized by reacting tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphite with DTPA anhydride followed by hydrolysis and purification by sephadex. DTPA-BP was labeled with Tc-99m/tin (II) chloride and Ga-68 chloride. Biodistribution of Tc-99m and Ga-68 DTPA-BP and Tc-99m MDP (reference standard) was studied in normal female F-344 rats. The bone metastases model was created by injecting human prostate cancer cells (PC-3, PC-118b) into the right femur of male athymic nude mice. Planar and PET imaging of Tc-99m and Ga-68 DTPA-BP (150 µCi/mouse, iv) were performed. Results The total yield of DTPA-BP was 10-15%. Radiochemical purity of Tc-99m and Ga-68 DTPA-BP (1mg) were >90%. The biodistribution in normal rats revealed bone-to-blood and bone-to-muscle count density ratios was ranged 1.8±0.79 to 21.5±3.40; 9.4±2.62 to 104.4±31.55 for Tc-99m at 0.5-4 hrs post-injection, and 3.4±0.80 to 5.3±0.24; 13.6±3.46 to 21.8±11.50 for Ga-68 DTPA-BP at 0.5-2 hrs post-injection, respectively. The uptakes of Tc-99m and Ga-68 DTPA-BP and Tc-99m MDP in bones (%ID/g) at 0.5 hr were 1.2±0.62, 2.2±0.45 and 1.8±0.31, respectively. The osteoblastic lesion was clearly visible at 30 min after injection of Tc-99m and Ga-68 DTPA-BP with soft tissue clearance. Conclusions Tc-99m and Ga-68 DTPA-BP exhibited high uptakes in normal bone and also osteoblastic metastasis of prostate cancer. They may be useful to stage prostate cancer and also monitor therapeutic response
Dynamic Network Models for Forecasting (2013)

We have developed a probabilistic forecasting methodology through a synthesis of belief network models and classical time-series analysis. We present the dynamic network model (DNM) and describe methods for constructing, refining, and performing inference with this representation of temporal probabilistic knowledge. The DNM representation extends static belief-network models to more general dynamic forecasting models by integrating and iteratively refining contemporaneous and time-lagged dependencies. We discuss key concepts in terms of a model for forecasting U.S. car sales in Japan.
Genome-Wide Analysis of Targets for Post-Transcriptional Regulation by Rsm Proteins in Pseudomonas putida (2021)

Post-transcriptional regulation is an important step in the control of bacterial gene expression in response to environmental and cellular signals. <i>Pseudomonas putida</i> KT2440 harbors three known members of the CsrA/RsmA family of post-transcriptional regulators: RsmA, RsmE and RsmI. We have carried out a global analysis to identify RNA sequences bound <i>in vivo</i> by each of these proteins. Affinity purification and sequencing of RNA molecules associated with Rsm proteins were used to discover direct binding targets, corresponding to 437 unique RNA molecules, 75 of them being common to the three proteins. Relevant targets include genes encoding proteins involved in signal transduction and regulation, metabolism, transport and secretion, stress responses, and the turnover of the intracellular second messenger c-di-GMP. To our knowledge, this is the first combined global analysis in a bacterium harboring three Rsm homologs. It offers a broad overview of the network of processes subjected to this type of regulation and opens the way to define what are the sequence and structure determinants that define common or differential recognition of specific RNA molecules by these proteins.
Mass Spectral Analysis of Organic Aerosol Formed Downwind of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill: Field Studies and Laboratory Confirmations (2012)

In June 2010, the NOAA WP-3D aircraft conducted two survey flights around the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill. The Gulf oil spill resulted in an isolated source of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) precursors in a relatively clean environment. Measurements of aerosol composition and volatile organic species (VOCs) indicated formation of SOA from intermediate-volatility organic compounds (IVOCs) downwind of the oil spill (Science2011, 331, doi 10.1126/science.1200320). In an effort to better understand formation of SOA in this environment, we present mass spectral characteristics of SOA in the Gulf and of SOA formed in the laboratory from evaporated light crude oil. Compared to urban primary organic aerosol, high-mass-resolution analysis of the background-subtracted SOA spectra in the Gulf (for short, "Gulf SOA") showed higher contribution of C(x)H(y)O(+) relative to C(x)H(y)(+) fragments at the same nominal mass. In each transect downwind of the DWH spill site, a gradient in the degree of oxidation of the Gulf SOA was observed: more oxidized SOA (oxygen/carbon = O/C ∼0.4) was observed in the area impacted by fresher oil; less oxidized SOA (O/C ∼0.3), with contribution from fragments with a hydrocarbon backbone, was found in a broader region of more-aged surface oil. Furthermore, in the plumes originating from the more-aged oil, contribution of oxygenated fragments to SOA decreased with downwind distance. Despite differences between experimental conditions in the laboratory and the ambient environment, mass spectra of SOA formed from gas-phase oxidation of crude oil by OH radicals in a smog chamber and a flow tube reactor strongly resembled the mass spectra of Gulf SOA (r(2) > 0.94). Processes that led to the observed Gulf SOA characteristics are also likely to occur in polluted regions where VOCs and IVOCs are coemitted.
Spin-Wave Emission by Spin-Orbit-Torque Antennas (2018)

Energy-efficient excitation of spin waves is a fundamental building block---and also a major limiting factor---for a promising class of spintronic devices. Here researchers investigate spin-wave generation using a spin-orbit-torque (SOT) antenna, based on a heavy-metal/ferromagnet waveguide. Broadband excitation of propagating spin waves in a Ta/Co-Fe-B stack is demonstrated, while modeling and simulations reveal the details of the excitation, propagation, and mode formation. Finally, a simple circuit model shows the scaling properties of SOT antennas with respect to conventional inductive antennas. These results are a key step toward employing SOTs in spin-wave transducers.