gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Lens for Solar Concentration: Optimization of the Multilayer Diffractive Lens (2012)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text F. Languy and S. Habraken, "Hybrid Lens for Solar Concentration: Optimization of the Multilayer Diffractive Lens," in Renewable Energy and the Environment Optics and Photonics Congress, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optical Society of America, 2012), paper JM5A.20. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Mid-infrared chemical imaging of intracellular tau fibrils using fluorescence-guided computational photothermal microscopy (2023)

Amyloid proteins are associated with a broad spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases. However, it remains a grand challenge to extract molecular structure information from intracellular amyloid proteins in their native cellular environment. To address this challenge, we developed a computational chemical microscope integrating 3D mid-infrared photothermal imaging with fluorescence imaging, termed Fluorescence-guided Bond-Selective Intensity Diffraction Tomography (FBS-IDT). Based on a low-cost and simple optical design, FBS-IDT enables chemical-specific volumetric imaging and 3D site-specific mid-IR fingerprint spectroscopic analysis of tau fibrils, an important type of amyloid protein aggregates, in their intracellular environment. Label-free volumetric chemical imaging of human cells with/without seeded tau fibrils is demonstrated to show the potential correlation between lipid accumulation and tau aggregate formation. Depth-resolved mid-infrared fingerprint spectroscopy is performed to reveal the protein secondary structure of the intracellular tau fibrils. 3D visualization of the \b{eta}-sheet for tau fibril structure is achieved.
Indoor Experiments on 4-by-2 Multi-User MIMO and Carrier Aggregation Achieving Real-Time 1-Gbps Data Transmission in LTE-Advanced Downlink (2013)

This paper presents indoor experimental results on 4-by-2 multi-user (MU)-MIMO transmission with carrier aggregation (90-MHz bandwidth) achieving real-time 1-Gbps data transmission using adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) in the LTE-Advanced downlink employing OFDMA radio access. In the experiments, eigenvalue decomposition (EVD)-based channel state information (CSI) feedback based on subband unit for MU-MIMO operation and inter-user interference whitening filter applied before maximum likelihood detection (MLD) are employed to achieve such a high data rate with realistic numbers of transmitter and receiver antennas. The indoor experiments are conducted in a conference room under line-of-sight conditions with multiple reflected waves where one mobile station (MS) travels at walking speed and the other MS is static. The experimental results show that the total throughput for the 2 MSs is greater than 1Gbps at the average received signal-to-interference plus noise power ratio (SINR) of approximately 25 and 17dB for the first and second streams of each MS, respectively, when the moving speed is up to approximately 1km/h. The results also show that a centralized transmitter antenna arrangement is more effective in order to achieve a high data rate such as 1Gbps compared to a distributed antenna arrangement for the measurement environment.
Ultasensitive TES detectors for FIR space astronomy. (2008)

We present results of the development of ultrasensitive transition edge superconducting (TES) detectors for the SAFARI far infrared (FIR) spectrometer, one of the instruments proposed for the Japanese-led SPICA telescope. Future FIR space missions require a combination of cooled optics and ultrasensitive detectors with noise equivalent power (NEP) levels on the order of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-19</sup> W/radic(Hz) or lower to be able to perform detailed spectroscopic surveys of the nearby and distant universe. We have developed TES detectors based on the mechanical suspension of an absorbing film connected to a TiAu bilayer thermometer on a thin SiN membrane. We describe the design of these detectors and measurements of their performance.
Glucose Catabolism Induces the L-Type Pyruvate Kinase Gene (125a) (1996)

Conference Article| May 01 1996 Glucose Catabolism Induces the L-Type Pyruvate Kinase Gene (125a) Bruno DOIRON; Bruno DOIRON 1Institut Cochin de Génétique Moléculaire, INSERM U-129, 24 rue du Faubourg St Jacques, 74014, Paris, France Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Marie-Hélène CUIF; Marie-Hélène CUIF 1Institut Cochin de Génétique Moléculaire, INSERM U-129, 24 rue du Faubourg St Jacques, 74014, Paris, France Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Axel KAHN Axel KAHN 1Institut Cochin de Génétique Moléculaire, INSERM U-129, 24 rue du Faubourg St Jacques, 74014, Paris, France Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1996) 24 (2): 250S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst024250s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Bruno DOIRON, Marie-Hélène CUIF, Axel KAHN; Glucose Catabolism Induces the L-Type Pyruvate Kinase Gene (125a). Biochem Soc Trans 1 May 1996; 24 (2): 250S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst024250s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1996 Biochemical Society1996 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Zika Virus Focuses the Gain-of-Function Debate (2016)

This year, the National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity (NSABB) will be making recommendations to the U.S. Government regarding the ongoing saga of gain-of-function (GOF) experiments with highly infectious respiratory pathogens, such as influenza virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus, and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus.
Binaural hearing aid algorithms for noisy and reverberant environments (1994)

In noisy and reverberant acoustical environments the human hearing system is capable of concentrating on a desired speaker, while attenuating undesired sounds like noise or reverberation. This so called ‘‘cocktail-party processing’’ is reduced in hearing-impaired persons. New hearing aid strategies try to imitate binaural processing principles to suppress interfering noise or reverberation in order to yield maximum speech intelligibility for the impaired listener. Two algorithms are described that reduce unwanted signal energies by attenuating sound that arises from the sides (lateral suppression) and that remove reverberation and short reflections. They were combined and implemented in real time on a multiprocessor setup to allow for adaptive adjustment of parameters and an optimal fit to the individual hearing loss. The noise reduction performance of the algorithms was tested with normal- and hearing-impaired subjects. Subjective speech quality and speech intelligibility assessments as well as speech intelligibility measurements show that both groups benefit significantly from the preprocessing strategies in anechoic and reverberant acoustical situations with interfering speakers.
A machine-learning based objective measure for ALS disease severity (2022)

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) disease severity is usually measured using the subjective, questionnaire-based revised ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-R). Objective measures of disease severity would be powerful tools for evaluating real-world drug effectiveness, efficacy in clinical trials, and for identifying participants for cohort studies. We developed a machine learning (ML) based objective measure for ALS disease severity based on voice samples and accelerometer measurements from a four-year longitudinal dataset. 584 people living with ALS consented and carried out prescribed speaking and limb-based tasks. 542 participants contributed 5814 voice recordings, and 350 contributed 13,009 accelerometer samples, while simultaneously measuring ALSFRS-R scores. Using these data, we trained ML models to predict bulbar-related and limb-related ALSFRS-R scores. On the test set (n = 109 participants) the voice models achieved a multiclass AUC of 0.86 (95% CI, 0.85-0.88) on speech ALSFRS-R prediction, whereas the accelerometer models achieved a median multiclass AUC of 0.73 on 6 limb-related functions. The correlations across functions observed in self-reported ALSFRS-R scores were preserved in ML-derived scores. We used these models and self-reported ALSFRS-R scores to evaluate the real-world effects of edaravone, a drug approved for use in ALS. In the cohort of 54 test participants who received edaravone as part of their usual care, the ML-derived scores were consistent with the self-reported ALSFRS-R scores. At the individual level, the continuous ML-derived score can capture gradual changes that are absent in the integer ALSFRS-R scores. This demonstrates the value of these tools for assessing disease severity and, potentially, drug effects.
Morin, a flavonoid from Moraceae, suppresses growth and invasion of the highly metastatic breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 partly through suppression of the Akt pathway (2014)

Morin, a flavonoid found in figs and other Moraceae, displays a variety of biological actions, such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic. However, the anticancer effects of morin and in particular its anti-metastatic effects are not well known. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the anticancer effects of morin on highly metastatic human breast cancer cells. Our results showed that morin significantly inhibited the colony forming ability of highly metastatic MDA-MB‑231 breast cancer cells from low doses (50 µM) without cytotoxicity. In addition, morin changed MDA-MB‑231 cell morphology from mesenchymal shape to epithelial shape and inhibited the invasion of MDA-MB‑231 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Morin decreased matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) secretion and expression of the mesenchymal marker N-cadherin of MDA-MB‑231 cells, suggesting that morin might suppress the EMT process. Furthermore, morin significantly decreased the phosphorylation of Akt, and inhibition of the Akt pathway significantly reduced MDA-MB‑231 invasion. In an in vivo xenograft mouse model, morin suppressed MDA-MB‑231 cancer cell progression. Taken together, our findings suggest that morin exhibits an inhibitory effect on the cancer progression and EMT process of highly metastatic breast cancer cells at least in part through inhibiting Akt activation. This study provides evidence that morin may have anticancer effects against metastatic breast cancer.
Discovery of a new inhibitor lead of adenovirus proteinase: steps toward selective, irreversible inhibitors of cysteine proteinases (2001)

Using the computer docking program EUDOC, in silico screening of a chemical database for inhibitors of human adenovirus cysteine proteinase (hAVCP) identified 2,4,5,7-tetranitro-9-fluorenone that selectively and irreversibly inhibits hAVCP in a two-step reaction: reversible binding (Ki = 3.09 microM) followed by irreversible inhibition (ki = 0.006 s(-1)). The reversible binding is due to molecular complementarity between the inhibitor and the active site of hAVCP, which confers the selectivity of the inhibitor. The irreversible inhibition is due to substitution of a nitro group of the inhibitor by the nearby Cys122 in the active site of hAVCP. These findings suggest a new approach to selective, irreversible inhibitors of cysteine proteinases involved in normal and abnormal physiological processes ranging from embryogenesis to apoptosis and pathogen invasions.
Paragraph Text Reading Using a Pixelized Prosthetic Vision Simulator: Parameter Dependence and Task Learning in Free-Viewing Conditions (2006)

It is uncertain whether and to what extent retinal reorganization may limit the perception of multiple phosphenes by blind prosthesis recipients. If distinct phosphenes can be perceived, these results suggest that a 3 x 3-mm2 prosthesis with 16 x 16 electrodes should allow paragraph reading. The effects of stabilizing the dot grid on the retina must be investigated further.
Human gain-of-function variants in HNF1A confer protection from diabetes but independently increase hepatic secretion of atherogenic lipoproteins (2023)

Loss-of-function mutations in hepatocyte nuclear factor 1A (HNF1A) are known to cause rare forms of diabetes and alter hepatic physiology through unclear mechanisms. In the general population, 1:100 individuals carry a rare, protein-coding <i>HNF1A</i> variant, most of unknown functional consequence. To characterize the full allelic series, we performed deep mutational scanning of 11,970 protein-coding <i>HNF1A</i> variants in human hepatocytes and clinical correlation with 553,246 exome-sequenced individuals. Surprisingly, we found that ∼1:5 rare protein-coding <i>HNF1A</i> variants in the general population cause molecular gain of function (GOF), increasing the transcriptional activity of HNF1A by up to 50% and conferring protection from type 2 diabetes (odds ratio [OR] = 0.77, p = 0.007). Increased hepatic expression of <i>HNF1A</i> promoted a pro-atherogenic serum profile mediated in part by enhanced transcription of risk genes including <i>ANGPTL3</i> and <i>PCSK9</i>. In summary, ∼1:300 individuals carry a GOF variant in <i>HNF1A</i> that protects carriers from diabetes but enhances hepatic secretion of atherogenic lipoproteins.
Benchtop Comparison of a Novel Dynamic Compression Screw to a Standard Cortical Screw (2013)

Literature reports the incidence of failed isolated foot and ankle fusions as up to 23%. A contributing factor is the natural bone resorption, which occurs resulting in loss of compression and gapping at the fusion site when standard static compression plates and screws are used. However, an innovative dynamic compression screw may provide lasting compression despite resorption. This benchtop study shows that the FxDEVICES spring-loaded dynamic POGO screw maintains more compression and more consistent compression rate during simulated resorption, as compared with a standard compression screw. The novel screw maintained much greater compression strength within the first millimeter of simulated resorption (13.57 vs 4.38 lb) and maintained greater compression strength at the test completion (1.14 vs 0 lb). The novel screw revealed a more consistent resorption rate over the duration of the simulation. Clinically, this may result in more stability and improved fusion rates.
Nature and specificity of lymphokine independence induced by a selectable retroviral vector expressing v-src. (1987)

A murine retroviral vector, LSNLsrc, has been constructed and examined for its ability to induce growth factor independence in cells normally dependent on interleukin 2 (IL-2) or interleukin 3 (IL-3) for growth. The LSNLsrc vector coexpressed the v-src gene of Rous sarcoma virus and the neo gene from transposon Tn5, allowing infected cells to be selected on the basis of G418 resistance. The murine cell lines CTLL-2 and FD.C/1, which are dependent for growth on IL-2 and IL-3, respectively, were both readily infected with the LSNLsrc virus. LSNLsrc-infected, G418-resistant cultures of FD.C/1 cells were able to give rise to IL-3-independent progeny, but all G418-resistant CTLL-2 cells retained normal IL-2 dependence. The induction of IL-3 independence by v-src was not a direct event, since limiting dilution analysis of the LSNLsrc-infected FD.C/1 cells showed that most of them were IL-3 dependent, despite expression of v-src mRNA and active pp60v-src kinase. However, clones selected from this population in the presence of IL-3 were able to undergo a subsequent progression event and generate IL-3-independent progeny. The generation of factor-independent variants in the clonal cultures was a rare event, as witnessed by the death of most of the cells in each clone when IL-3 was withdrawn. Together, these data indicate that a secondary event, in addition to v-src expression, was required to generate IL-3-independent growth. No evidence was found for an autocrine mechanism of transformation involving IL-2, IL-3, interleukin 4, or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.
Chinese hamster fibroblasts overexpressing CuZn-superoxide dismutase undergo a global reduction in antioxidants and an increasing sensitivity of DNA to oxidative damage (1996)

Transfection of a CuZn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) expression vector into V79 Chinese hamster cells produced clones in which CuZn-SOD activities were 2.2-3.5-fold higher than in the parental cells. An overall moderate reduction of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities and of both GSSG and total glutathione levels was found. In one particular clone the catalase activity was also reduced. The pro-oxidant status established by the lower level of antioxidant defence rendered the SOD-overexpressing cells more sensitive to the production of 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine by hydrogen peroxide. The data are discussed in terms of a model resembling the bacterial sox RS system.
Q-Tag (2019)

Viewability is one of the most important metrics used in ad-tech to measure the performance quality of ad campaigns. The viewability standard defines the visibility conditions an ad impression must meet to achieve a sufficient marketing eectto be considered viewed. The ad-tech industry offers opaque measures of viewability whose performance is questionable.To address this issue, we propose a novel methodology for measuring viewability in ad campaigns. The disclosure of the functional details of this technique makes it reproducible and auditable. Our solution has been deployed in production by aDemand Side Platform (DSP) to measure the viewability rate of the ad campaigns. Leveraging the infrastructure of thisDSP, we compare the performance of our methodology with ac ommercial solution. Both techniques report a similar overall viewability rate of 50%. However, our solution measured the viewability in 93% of the ads served by the DSP, unlike to74% of the ads measured by the commercial solution. A rough estimation indicates that this increase in the measured rate may lead to a revenue increase of $3.5 million per year for amid-sized DSP serving 100M of ads per da
Nonoxidative Glucose Consumption During Focal Physiologic Neural Activity (1988)

Brain glucose uptake, oxygen metabolism, and blood flow in humans were measured with positron emission tomography, and a resting-state molar ratio of oxygen to glucose consumption of 4.1:1 was obtained. Physiological neural activity, however, increased glucose uptake and blood flow much more (51 and 50 percent, respectively) than oxygen consumption (5 percent) and produced a molar ratio for the increases of 0.4:1. Transient increases in neural activity cause a tissue uptake of glucose in excess of that consumed by oxidative metabolism, acutely consume much less energy than previously believed, and regulate local blood flow for purposes other than oxidative metabolism.
Comparison of directed self-assembly integrations (2012)

Directed Self-Assembly (DSA) is gaining momentum as a means for extending optical lithography past its current limits. There are many forms of the technology, and it can be used for creating both line/space and hole patterns.1-3 As with any new technology, adoption of DSA faces several key challenges. These include creation of a new materials infrastructure, fabrication of new processing hardware, and the development of implementable integrations. Above all else, determining the lowest possible defect density remains the industry's most critical concern. Over the past year, our team, working at IMEC, has explored various integrations for making 12-14nm half-pitch line/space arrays. Both grapho- and chemo-epitaxy implementations have been investigated in order to discern which offers the best path to high volume manufacturing. This paper will discuss the manufacturing readiness of the various implementations by comparing the process margin for different DSA processing steps and defect density for the entirety of the flow. As part of this work, we will describe our method for using programmed defectivity on reticle to elucidate the mechanisms that drive self-assembly defectivity on wafer.
Online Speaker Clustering Using Incremental Learning of an Ergodic Hidden Markov Model (2012)

A novel online speaker clustering method based on a generative model is proposed. It employs an incremental variant of variational Bayesian learning and provides probabilistic (non-deterministic) decisions for each input utterance, on the basis of the history of preceding utterances. It can be expected to be robust against errors in cluster estimation and the classification of utterances, and hence to be applicable to many real-time applications. Experimental results show that it produces 50% fewer classification errors than does a conventional online method. They also show that it is possible to reduce the number of speech recognition errors by combining the method with unsupervised speaker adaptation.
Supplementary Figure 1 from ΔNp63α Up-Regulates the <i>Hsp70</i> Gene in Human Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from ΔNp63α Up-Regulates the &lt;i&gt;Hsp70&lt;/i&gt; Gene in Human Cancer
Polymer physics of structural evolution in synthetic yeast chromosomes (2022)

Abstract Yeast SCRaMbLE is an experimental method using designed synthetic yeast chromosomes to generate combinatorial diversity through genome rearrangements. These events occur at designed loxPsym recombination sites through the activity of Cre recombinase. While the synthetic SCRaMbLE system was designed to explore minimal genomes and permit rapid genome evolution, the pattern of recombinations also reflects inherent properties of DNA looping required to coalesce pairs of loxPsym sites. Genomes of yeast strains generated by SCRaMbLE are analyzed here using a new statistical mechanics model, called the SCRaMbLE Polymer Interaction (SPI) model. SPI uses polymer physics to model recombinations, and implements efficient rejection sampling and histogram reweighting algorithms to conduct SCRaMbLE experiments in silico . Using SPI, we found that recombination events observed experimentally are consistent with a random walk scaling exponent ranging between 0.45 and 0.6, which spans values of 0.5 for a Gaussian polymer and 0.588 for a self-avoiding walk. SPI provides a highly accurate tool to study SCRaMbLE recombinations and massively parallel genome recombination experiments.