gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spectral reflectance estimation of ancient mexican codices, multispectral images approach (2004)

LOS CODICES MEXICANOS SON UN ANTIGUO SISTEMA DE LECTURA Y ESCRITURA DESARROLLADO POR LAS CULTURAS PRE-HISPANICAS DE MESOAMERICA. ESTOS DOCUMENTOS PICTORICOS SON UN LEGADO CULTURAL, PARTE DEL CUAL DATA DEL SIGLO XVI. LA COLECCION CONOCIDA COMO ”COLECCION DE CODICES MEXICANOS ORIGINALES” ES UNA DE LAS MAS IMPORTANTES COLECCIONES ALREDEDOR DEL MUNDO Y SE ENCUENTRA BAJO LA CUSTODIA DE LA BIBLIOTECA NACIONAL DE ANTROPOLOGIA E HISTORIA (BNAH) EN LA CIUDAD DE MEXICO. PARA LA PRESERVACION DE LOS DOCUMENTOS, LA COLECCION SE ENCUENTRA BAJO ACCESO LIMITADO Y LAS CONDICIONES PARA SU ILUMINACION SE MANTIENEN CONTROLADAS, UNICAMENTE SE PERMITEN LAMPARAS DE TUNGSTENO PARA ILUMINACION DE LOS CODICES Y LA INTENSIDAD NO DEBE EXCEDER DE 1000 LUXES. PARA LLEVAR A CABO UNA REPRODUCCION EXACTA DE LOS COLORES DE LOS CODICES ORIGINALES, HEMOS PROPUESTO A LA BNAH UN ENFOQUE MULTIESPECTRAL. NUESTRO METODO PARA LA REPRODUCCION DEL COLOR ESTA BASADO EN LA ESTIMACION DE LA REFLECTANCIA ESPECTRAL EN CADA UNO DE LOS PIXELES EN LA IMAGEN A PARTIR DE UN CONJUNTO DE IMAGENES MULTIESPECTRALES DE 16 BANDAS. EL ENFOQUE MULTIESPECTRAL NOS PERMITE REMOVER LA ILUMINACION ORIGINAL DE TUNGSTENO USADO EN LA CAPTURA, Y REALIZAR UNA SIMULACION DE COLOR BAJO CUALQUIER ILUMINACION ARBITRARIA, POR EJEMPLO, CIE-D65, POR LO TANTO ESTE ENFOQUE NOS PERMITE REPRODUCIR LOS COLORES NATURALES (TRUE COLORS) DE LOS CODICES ORIGINALES. EN ESTE ARTICULO PRESENTAMOS LOS RESULTADOS DE DIVERSAS APROXIMACIONES PARA LA ESTIMACION DEL ESPECTRO BAJO LAS CONDICIONES DE ILUMINACION ESTABLECIDAS POR LA BNAH Y MOSTRAMOS LA SIMULACION DE COLOR DE UNA REPLICA DE CODICE BAJO CIE-D65. Abstract MEXICAN CODICES ARE AN ANCIENT READING AND WRITING SYSTEM DEVELOPED BY THE PRE-HISPANIC CULTURES OF MESOAMERICA. THESE PICTORIAL DOCUMENTS ARE A CULTURAL LEGACY, PART OF WHICH DATES FROM THE 16TH CENTURY. THE COLLECTION KNOWN AS ”COLLECTION OF ORIGINAL MEXICAN CODICES” IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT CODICES COLLECTION AROUND THE WORLD AND IT IS UNDER THE CUSTODY OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF ANTHROPOLOGY AND HISTORY (BNAH, BIBLIOTECA NACIONAL DE ANTROPOLOGIA E HISTORIA) IN MEXICO CITY. FOR PRESERVATION OF THE DOCUMENTS, THE COLLECTION IS KEPT UNDER LIMITED ACCESS AND CONTROLLED ILLUMINATION CONDITIONS, ONLY TUNGSTEN LAMPS ARE ALLOWED FOR ILLUMINATION OF CODICES AND LIGHT INTENSITY SHOULD NO EXCEED 1000 LUX. IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE ACCURATE COLOR REPROD
Histories of Sexuality and Imperialism: What's the Use? (2007)

Postcolonial criticism is structured and sometimes strained by a dual interest in histories of imperialism and interventions in and against the colonial present. Setting up a dialogue between these spheres, this paper asks how histories of imperialism bear upon and can be useful within political interventions today. It does so with reference to a growing sub-field of postcolonial criticism, concerned with relationships between imperialism and sexuality. Following Kenneth Ballhatchet's early work on India, reacting to Ronald Hyam's provocative review of the sex life of the British Empire and guided by Michel Foucault's histories of sexuality, a number of influential postcolonial critics and historians across and between a number of disciplines – history and geography, sociology and gender studies – have investigated relationships between global power, sexuality and/or intimacy. Following the publication of two landmark books on the subject – Ann Laura Stoler's Carnal Knowledge and Imperial Power: Race and the Intimate in Colonial Rule (2003) and Philippa Levine's Prostitution, Race and Politics: Policing Venereal Disease in the British Empire (2004) – now is a good time to take stock of where this broadly historical work has taken us and can take us yet, intellectually and politically.1 Building upon other attempts to develop a ‘useable past,’ including Peter Linebaugh and Marcus Rediker's work on radicalism in the Atlantic sphere and David Scott's analysis of the uses of colonial memories and histories,2 I will use this paper to reflect on the uses of histories – and, closer to the subject of my own work, historical geographies – of imperialism and sexuality: on how these histories have been used; how they can and should be used; and how we might anticipate this in the stories we tell, the knowledge we produce.
Clinico-histopathologic and single-nuclei RNA-sequencing insights into cardiac injury and microthrombi in critical COVID-19 (2021)

Acute cardiac injury is prevalent in critical COVID-19 and associated with increased mortality. Its etiology remains debated, as initially presumed causes - myocarditis and cardiac necrosis - have proved uncommon. To elucidate the pathophysiology of COVID-19-associated cardiac injury, we conducted a prospective study of the first 69 consecutive COVID-19 decedents at CUIMC in New York City. Of 6 acute cardiac histopathologic features, presence of microthrombi was the most commonly detected among our cohort. We tested associations of cardiac microthrombi with biomarkers of inflammation, cardiac injury, and fibrinolysis and with in-hospital antiplatelet therapy, therapeutic anticoagulation, and corticosteroid treatment, while adjusting for multiple clinical factors, including COVID-19 therapies. Higher peak erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein were independently associated with increased odds of microthrombi, supporting an immunothrombotic etiology. Using single-nuclei RNA-sequencing analysis on 3 patients with and 4 patients without cardiac microthrombi, we discovered an enrichment of prothrombotic/antifibrinolytic, extracellular matrix remodeling, and immune-potentiating signaling among cardiac fibroblasts in microthrombi-positive, relative to microthrombi-negative, COVID-19 hearts. Non-COVID-19, nonfailing hearts were used as reference controls. Our study identifies a specific transcriptomic signature in cardiac fibroblasts as a salient feature of microthrombi-positive COVID-19 hearts. Our findings warrant further mechanistic study as cardiac fibroblasts may represent a potential therapeutic target for COVID-19-associated cardiac microthrombi.
Supplementary Fig. S11 from <i>Salmonella</i>-Based Therapy Targeting Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Coupled with Enzymatic Depletion of Tumor Hyaluronan Induces Complete Regression of Aggressive Pancreatic Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Evaluation of ST and PMN in PEGPH20 treated tumors at 24hr and 48hr time points. To determine the distribution of ST and PMN early during treatment, mice with 14 day orthotopic tumors were treated with indicated regimens. Tumors were excised at (A) 24h or (B) 48h, flash frozen in OCT, sectioned, and fixed onto Colorfrost slides (Fisher Scientific) using cold acetone. Slides were then costained with antibodies specific for ST and PMN. Slides were counterstained with appropriate fluorescently labeled secondary antibody and DAPI. Magnification: 20X&lt;/p&gt;
Highly Miniaturized Multiband Bandpass Filter Design Based on a Stacked Spiral Resonator Structure (2012)

This paper describes a stacked spiral resonator (SSR) structure for designing very compact multiband bandpass filters. The resonant frequencies of the proposed SSR structure can be determined by designing the spiral geometry and controlling the mutual coupling in a stacked structure. The multiple passband bandwidths can then be determined by the spacing of different layer patterns between two coupled SSRs. An adequately designed geometry of the input/output resonator with a tapped-line feed can achieve matching conditions for all passbands simultaneously. Moreover, multiple transmission zeros created on both sides of each passband provide high stopband roll-off rates.
Physiologic Effects of Instilled and Aerosolized Surfactant Using a Breath-Synchronized Nebulizer on Surfactant-Deficient Rabbits (2021)

Surfactant administration incorporates liquid bolus instillation via endotracheal tube catheter and use of a mechanical ventilator. Aerosolized surfactant has generated interest and conflicting data related to dose requirements and efficacy. We hypothesized that aerosolized surfactant with a novel breath-actuated vibrating mesh nebulizer would have similar efficacy and safety as instilled surfactant. Juvenile rabbits (1.50 ± 0.20 kg, <i>n</i> = 17) were sedated, anesthetized, intubated, and surfactant was depleted via lung lavage on mechanical ventilation. Subjects were randomized to receive standard dose liquid instillation via catheter (<i>n</i> = 5); low dose surfactant (<i>n</i> = 5) and standard dose surfactant (<i>n</i> = 5) via aerosol; and descriptive controls (no treatment, <i>n</i> = 2). Peridosing events, disease severity and gas exchange, were recorded every 30 min for 3 h following surfactant administration. Direct-Instillation group had higher incidence for peridosing events than aerosol. Standard dose liquid and aerosol groups had greater PaO<sub>2</sub> from pre-treatment baseline following surfactant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) with greater ventilation efficiency with aerosol (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Our study showed similar improvement in oxygenation response with greater ventilation efficiency with aerosol than liquid bolus administration at the same dose with fewer peridosing events. Breath-synchronized aerosol via nebulizer has potential as a safe, effective, and economical alternative to bolus liquid surfactant instillation.
ChemInform Abstract: Parallel Synthesis and Screening of Polymer‐Supported Phosphorus‐Stereogenic Aminophosphane—Phosphite and —Phosphinite Ligands. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Physiochemical Properties of Low and High Molecular Weight Poly(ethylene glycol)-Grafted Poly(ethylene imine) Copolymers and Their Complexes with Oligonucleotides (2005)

Inefficient delivery of antisense oligonucleotides (AOs) to target cell nuclei remains as the foremost limitation to their usefulness. Copolymers of cationic poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) have been well-studied for delivery of plasmids. However, the properties of PEG-PEI-AO polyplexes have not been comprehensively investigated. Therefore, we synthesized a series of PEG-PEI copolymers and evaluated their physiochemical properties alone and when complexed with AO. The M(w) of PEG was found to be the main determinant of polyplex size, via its influence on particle aggregation. DLS measurements showed that when PEG5000 was grafted to PEI2K and PEI25K, polyplex diameters were extremely small (range 10-90 nm) with minimal aggregation. In contrast, when PEG550 was grafted to PEI2K and PEI25K, polyplexes appeared as much larger aggregates (approximately 250 nm). As expected, the surface charge (zeta potential) was higher for polyplexes containing PEI25K than those containing PEI2K, but decreased with increased levels of PEG grafting. Surprisingly, within the physiological range (pH 7.5-5), the buffering capacity of all copolymers was nearly equivalent to that of unsubstituted PEI2K or PEI25K, and was barely influenced by PEGylation. The stability of polyplexes was evaluated using a heparin polyanion competition assay. Unexpectedly, polyplexes containing PEI2K showed stability equal to or greater than that of PEI25K polyplexes. The level of PEG grafting also had a dramatic effect on polyplex stability. The relationships established between molecular formulations and polyplex size, aggregation, surface charge, and stability should provide a useful guide for future studies aimed at optimizing polymer-mediated AO delivery in cell and animal studies. A summary of the relationships between polyplex structures and recent studies of their transfection capacity is provided.
Critical aspects in the production of periodically ordered mesoporous titania thin films (2012)

Periodically ordered mesoporous titania thin films (MTTF) present a high surface area, controlled porosity in the 2-20 nm pore diameter range and an amorphous or crystalline inorganic framework. These materials are nowadays routinely prepared by combining soft chemistry and supramolecular templating. Photocatalytic transparent coatings and titania-based solar cells are the immediate promising applications. However, a wealth of new prospective uses have emerged on the horizon, such as advanced catalysts, perm-selective membranes, optical materials based on plasmonics and photonics, metamaterials, biomaterials or new magnetic nanocomposites. Current and novel applications rely on the ultimate control of the materials features such as pore size and geometry, surface functionality and wall structure. Even if a certain control of these characteristics has been provided by the methods reported so far, the needs for the next generation of MTTF require a deeper insight in the physical and chemical processes taking place in their preparation and processing. This article presents a critical discussion of these aspects. This discussion is essential to evolve from know-how to sound knowledge, aiming at a rational materials design of these fascinating systems.
High Remanent Magnetization of L10-Ordered FePt Thin Film on MgO/(001) GaAs (2008)

We investigated the optimized condition of the high remanent magnetization for L10-ordered FePt on MgO/(001) i-GaAs substrate. Perpendicularly magnetized FePt films with different thicknesses of 5 and 10 nm were prepared at a substrate temperature Ts=300 °C by magnetron sputtering. The ratio of remanent magnetization to saturation magnetization for the 5-nm-thick FePt layer was increased to 0.93 by post-annealing at Ta=350 °C for 60 min, whereas that of the 10-nm-thick FePt layer was increased only to 0.3. The uniaxial magnetic anisotropy constant and the degree of long-range order for the 5-nm-thick FePt were Ku=1.0±0.1×107 erg/cm3 and S=0.75±0.15, respectively, which are almost comparable to those of FePt on a (001) MgO substrate.
Preface to Special Issue of ChemSusChem on Green Carbon Science: CO2 Capture and Conversion (2020)

Green carbon science concerns the efficient use of carbon resources and the minimization of CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. In this preface to the Special Issue entitled Green Carbon Science: CO<sub>2</sub> Capture and Conversion, Professor Avelino Corma offers his thoughts on how the capture and utilization of CO<sub>2</sub> can aid the transition to more sustainable production of energy and chemicals.
A Bisphosphonate With a Low Hydroxyapatite Binding Affinity Prevents Bone Loss in Mice After Ovariectomy and Reverses Rapidly With Treatment Cessation (2021)

Bisphosphonates (BPs) are a mainstay of osteoporosis treatment; however, concerns about bone health based on oversuppression of remodeling remain. Long-term bone remodeling suppression adversely affects bone material properties with microdamage accumulation and reduced fracture toughness in animals and increases in matrix mineralization and atypical femur fractures in patients. Although a "drug holiday" from BPs to restore remodeling and improve bone quality seems reasonable, clinical BPs have long functional half-lives because of their high hydroxyapatite (HAP) binding affinities. This places a practical limit on the reversibility and effectiveness of a drug holiday. BPs with low HAP affinity and strong osteoclast inhibition potentially offer an alternative approach; their antiresorptive effect should reverse rapidly when dosing is discontinued. This study tested this concept using NE-58025, a BP with low HAP affinity and moderate osteoclast inhibition potential. Young adult female C57Bl/6 mice were ovariectomized (OVX) and treated with NE-58025, risedronate, or PBS vehicle for 3 months to test effectiveness in preventing long-term bone loss. Bone microarchitecture, histomorphometry, and whole-bone mechanical properties were assessed. To test reversibility, OVX mice were similarly treated for 3 months, treatment was stopped, and bone was assessed up to 3 months post-treatment. NE-58025 and RIS inhibited long-term OVX-induced bone loss, but NE-58025 antiresorptive effects were more pronounced. Withdrawing NE-58025 treatment led to the rapid onset of trabecular resorption with a 200% increase in osteoclast surface and bone loss within 1 month. Cessation of risedronate treatment did not lead to increases in resorption indices or bone loss. These results show that NE-58025 prevents OVX-induced bone loss, and its effects reverse quickly following cessation treatment in vivo. Low-HAP affinity BPs may have use as reversible, antiresorptive agents with a rapid on/off profile, which may be useful for maintaining bone health with long-term BP treatment. © 2021 The Authors. <i>JBMR Plus</i> published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Organic Transistors Based on Di(phenylvinyl)anthracene: Performance and Stability (2007)

A new conjugated semiconductor di(phenylvinyl)anthracene (DPVAnt) is synthesized with a structure as shown in the inset to the figure. As shown in the figure, the transport characteristics of DPVAnt transistors are very similar to that of pentacene transistors. However, owing to the higher ionization potential of DPVAnt, the mobility of DPVAnt transistors is less affected by exposure to air.
Decoding of long-block soft decision LDPC codes for optical communication systems (2011)

We investigate a soft decision decoder for LDPC codes with long-block size. The results show a coding gain of 5.9 dB compared to an uncoded system and 1.5 dB over a hard decision receiver.
Glucose inhibits haemostasis and accelerates diet-induced hyperlipidaemia in zebrafish larvae (2021)

Hyperglycaemia damages the microvasculature in part through the reduced recruitment of immune cells and interference with platelet signalling, leading to poor wound healing and accelerated lipid deposition in mammals. We investigated the utility of zebrafish larvae to model the effect of exogenous glucose on neutrophil and macrophage recruitment to a tail wound, wound-induced haemostasis, and chicken egg yolk feed challenge-induced hyperlipidaemia by supplementing larvae with exogenous glucose by immersion or injection. Neither method of glucose supplementation affected the recruitment of neutrophils and macrophages following tail transection. Glucose injection reduced thrombocyte retention and fibrin plug formation while only thrombocyte retention was reduced by glucose immersion following tail transection. We observed accelerated lipid accumulation in glucose-injected larvae challenged with high fat chicken egg yolk feeding. Our study identifies conserved and divergent effects of high glucose on inflammation, haemostasis, and hyperlipidaemia in zebrafish larvae compared to mammals.
Autocrine Growth Stimulation of the MCF 7 Breast Cancer Cells by the Estrogen-Regulated 52 K Protein* (1986)

The growth of MCF 7 human breast cancer cells is stimulated in vitro by estradiol (E2) and we have previously shown that estrogen-regulated glycoproteins released into the culture medium can partly mimic this effect. In this paper, we evaluate the mitogenic activity of the 52 K glycoprotein, which is a major E2-stimulated protein released by MCF 7 cells. The 52 K protein was purified 600-fold by affinity chromatography on Concanavalin A and an anti-52 K monoclonal antibody Sepharose columns. The 99% purified 52 K protein fraction stimulated the growth of estrogen-deprived MCF 7 cells. A mean 1.7-fold increase was obtained with nanomolar concentrations of seven different preparations of 52 K protein. This stimulation represented 40% of the mitogenic effect of E2. Both the 52 K protein and E2 induced microvilli at the cell surface but the effect of the 52 K protein occurred earlier. Other putative growth factors which are also stimulated by E2 and observed by [35S]cysteine labeling did not comigrate with the purified 52 K protein. Finally, the labeled 52 K protein was found to enter MCF 7 cells and to be processed into an immunoreactive 34 K protein. These data indicate that the E2-regulated 52 K glycoprotein is an autocrine mitogen on MCF 7 cells in culture and support the hypothesis that estrogens stimulate the growth of mammary cancer via this (and possibly other) secreted protein(s) acting as autocrine (and paracrine?) growth factors.
Längs Riksväg 92 : Kommunala förhållningssätt och strategier utifrån en förändrad befolkning (2019)

The Swedish municipalities are continually changing their population, both in size and composition. Regardless of the change it affects the conditions for achieving a balanced economy and the residents’ need for welfare. Today half of the municipalities are increasing versus reducing, which is a huge challenge. The purpose of the study is to describe the population development between four neighboring municipalities in Västerbotten, from the center to the periphery. Furthermore, examine how they have handled the population change and which geographical connections exist between the municipalities based on the choice of growth and adaptation strategies from Syssner (2014). The municipalities are Umeå, Vännäs, Bjurholm and Åsele. This study is based on population statistics since 1983 and the annual presentation from 2017. The result is that all municipalities have more or less choice to use strategies linked to growth and adaptation. It’s mainly Umeå who invests in growth-generation measures and Bjurholm who invests the most in different kinds of adjustments. This geographical distribution does not correspond completely with The first law of geography by Tobler (1970). Something that might affect the distribution of strategies is the need for independence, which is higher for Åsele than Bjurholm. Which means that Åsele can’t rely on a larger city like Umeå in the same way. But something that corresponded well with Tobler (1970) was that municipalities that are geographically closer tend to relate to population change in a certain way and invest in certain types of measures compared to municipalities that are located further away. It means that Umeå and Vännäs or Bjurholm and Åsele are more equal than for example Umeå and Åsele.
DDR process and materials for novel tone reverse technique (2018)

We developed the novel process and material which can be created reverse-tone pattern without any collapse. The process was Dry Development Rinse (DDR) process, and the material used in this process was DDR material. DDR material was containing siloxane polymer which could be replaced the space area of the photo resist pattern. And finally, the reverse-tone pattern could be obtained by dry etching process without any pattern collapse issue. DDR process could be achieved fine line and space patterning below hp14nm without any pattern collapse by combination of PTD or NTD photo resist. DDR materials were demonstrated with latest coater track at imec. DDR process was fully automated and good CD uniformity was achieved after dry development. Detailed evaluation could be achieved with whole wafer such a study of CD uniformity (CDU). CDU of DDR pattern was compared to pre-pattern’s CDU. Lower CDU was achieved and CDU healing was observed with special DDR material. By further evaluation, special DDR material showed relatively small E-slope compared to another DDR material. This small E-slope caused CDU improvement.