gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Carbon dioxide capture with zeotype materials (2022)

The accumulation of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) in the atmosphere has been recognized as one of the primary factors attributed to global warming. Various strategies have been proposed to mitigate the amount of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> such as its separation from emission streams with storage or utilization in fuels and chemicals. Zeolite-based materials (zeotype materials), a class of microporous solids with: (i) structural features of high surface area, chemical tunability and high stability, and (ii) a long history of global scale industrial use, have been extensively investigated for CO<sub>2</sub> capture. In this review, a comprehensive summary and discussion of the progress in the design and use of zeotype materials, <i>e.g.</i>, cation and amine modifications, composites and templated carbons, for the capture of CO<sub>2</sub> is presented. The CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption mechanisms in these materials are described, and the factors that determine their performance are discussed. The application of zeotype materials for CO<sub>2</sub> capture under conditions such as post-combustion, indoor air cleaning and direct air capture are presented. Further, the mechanisms of water-zeolites interaction as well as their impacts on CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption performance are discussed. The review closes with a brief presentation on the challenges and opportunities for future research in the field.
Supplementary Fig. 1 from Clinical Importance of the lncRNA <i>NEAT1</i> in Cancer Patients Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Fig. 1 Analysis of lncRNAs associated with patient response to ICB.&lt;/p&gt;
The furan approach to higher monosaccharides. A concise total synthesis of (+)-KDO (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe furan approach to higher monosaccharides. A concise total synthesis of (+)-KDOStephen F. Martin and Paul W. ZinkeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 6, 2311–2313Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00188a060https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00188a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views452Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Pegylated Kunitz Domain Inhibitor Suppresses Hepsin-Mediated Invasive Tumor Growth and Metastasis (2009)

The transmembrane serine protease hepsin is one of the most highly upregulated genes in prostate cancer. Here, we investigated its tumor-promoting activity by use of a mouse orthotopic prostate cancer model. First, we compared the tumor growth of low hepsin-expressing LnCaP-17 cells with hepsin-overexpressing LnCaP-34 cells. After implantation of cells into the left anterior prostate lobe, LnCaP-34 tumors not only grew faster based on increased serum prostate-specific antigen levels but also metastasized to local lymph nodes and, most remarkably, invaded the contralateral side of the prostate at a rate of 100% compared with only 18% for LnCaP-17 tumors. The increased tumor growth was not due to nonspecific gene expression changes and was not predicted from the unaltered in vitro growth and invasion of LnCaP-34 cells. A likely explanation is that the in vivo effects of hepsin were mediated by specific hepsin substrates present in the tumor stroma. In a second study, mice bearing LnCaP-34 tumors were treated with a PEGylated form of Kunitz domain-1, a potent hepsin active site inhibitor derived from hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor-1 (K(i)(app) 0.30 +/- 0.02 nmol/L). Treatment of established tumors with PEGylated Kunitz domain-1 decreased contralateral prostate invasion (46% weight reduction) and lymph node metastasis (50% inhibition). Moreover, serum prostate-specific antigen level remained reduced during the entire treatment period, reaching a maximal reduction of 76% after 5 weeks of dosing. The findings show that hepsin promotes invasive prostate tumor growth and metastasis and suggest that active site-directed hepsin inhibition could be effective in prostate cancer therapy.
Effects of reduced joint mobility and training on Na, K‐ATPase and Ca‐ATPase in skeletal muscle (1992)

In guinea pigs, the ankle joint was partly immobilized in a position reducing dorsiflection to 105 degrees (as compared to the normal value of 30 degrees). When compared with the contralateral unrestrained leg, this led to a significant atrophy and a decrease in contractile force (-23%) of the gastrocnemius muscle. This was associated with a significant decrease in the total concentration of [3H]ouabain binding sites in gastrocnemius and plantaris muscle reaching minimum (-19% and -23%) after 3 weeks, but no evidence of degenerative changes. Total contents of Ca and Ca-ATPase were increased by 27% and 22%, respectively. After 4 to 5 weeks of reduced mobility, the concentration of [3H]ouabain binding sites in gastrocnemius muscle returned to control level. The lowest concentration of [3H]ouabain binding sites reached during reduced mobility was 258 +/- 13 pmol/g wet wt., and the maximum value attained following 3 weeks of reduced mobility and 3 weeks of training by running was 498 +/- 25 pmol/g wet wt., i.e, 93% higher. In soleus, training produced an increase of 25%. Clinically, it is important to realize that movable braces cannot prevent the development of muscular atrophy. The observed spontaneous recovery of the Na,K-pump concentration may partly explain why patients using movable casts show a better capacity for physical performance than those treated with complete immobilization. In conclusion, the total concentration of Na,K-pumps in guinea pig skeletal muscle undergoes downregulation and upregulation as a function of contractile activity as well as muscle length under conditions mimicking the constraints on mobility frequently used in the clinical treatment of lesions.
Superfluidity of indirect excitons and biexcitons in coupled quantum wells and superlattices (2002)

The collective properties of indirect excitons in coupled quantum wells (CQWs) are considered. The energy of the ground state of the exciton liquid as a function of the density of electrons e and holes h at different separations D between e and h layers is analysed. The quantum gas–liquid transition as D decreases is studied. The superfluidity appearance temperatures in the system (Kosterlitz–Thouless transition temperatures) have been estimated at different separations D between e and h layers. For the anisotropic two-dimensional e–h system in CQWs the Mott metal–insulator quantum transition is considered. The instability of the ground state of the system of interacting two-dimensional indirect excitons in a slab of superlattice with alternating e and h layers is established. The stable system of indirect quasi-two-dimensional biexcitons, consisting of indirect excitons with opposite directed dipole moments, is considered. The radius and the binding energy of the indirect biexciton are calculated. The collective spectrum of a rare system of two-dimensional indirect biexcitons, interacting as electrical quadrupoles, is studied. The density of the superfluid component ns (T) and the Kosterlitz–Thouless phase transition to the superfluid state in this system are analysed.
Glucose oxidation to formic acid and methyl formate in perfect selectivity (2020)

We report the highly remarkable discovery that glucose oxidation catalysed by polyoxometalates in methanolic solution enables formation of formic acid and methyl formate in close to 100% combined selectivity, thus with only negligible sugar oxidation to CO<sub>2</sub>.
Thermal ageing assassment of EPDM/CSPE-insulated cables using advanced condition-monitoring techniques. (2010)

Thermal ageing assassment of EPDM/CSPE-insulated cables using advanced condition-monitoring techniques.
Clinical deployment of automatic treatment planning for pancreas SBRT patients. (2014)

219 Background: To clinically utilize an SQL relational database of prior treated patients to generate objectives for future treatment plans. A database approach allows for more rapid planning by starting with a better initial solution and improves safety by providing good known achievable dose values for the initial optimization. The use of a database allows for trending of dose, structure and toxicity data. Methods: A database of fifty-three patients from three institutions is populated with dose and structure data via an automatic script within the treatment planning system. For each new patient, overlap volume histograms (OVHs) are generated to describe the relationship between targets and critical structures. To aid in database consistency, a renaming interface is used which maps known alternative structure names to common names in the database. To ensure all required structures are present, the user is prompted with the names of missing structures. This interface allows selection of machine, energy and commonly used beam sets. The database is queried for all prior patients with the same or closer relationship between the target and each critical structure. The dose objectives reported are the lowest achievable dose from all patients as difficult or harder to plan as determined by OVH. Queried dose objectives are automatically loaded into the treatment planning system and optimized. A protocol quality tool is developed to quickly assess how well plans adhere to specified protocols. Results: Twenty-seven SBRT patients have been planned and clinically approved using the automatic planning tool and future patients continue to be added to the database. OVH computation required approximately 2 minutes, while typical plan optimization required 2.5 minutes. If auto-planned patients require even one fewer optimization to achieve an acceptable plan, total planning time is reduced. Safety is improved by reducing the number of protocol violations from 35% to 6% for one objective. Conclusions: Automatic treatment planning allows for rapid planning while reducing normal tissue dose to known achievable values. The continued addition of patients to the database allows for improvement of the automatically selected planning objectives.
Circles vs. scales (2018)

Natural emotional experiences happen "in the wild" as people are mobile, living their daily lives. To capture these experiences, emotion researchers often give participants smartphone applications with various graphical user interfaces (GUIs) to record how they are feeling, however, there exist few empirical tests that assess the comparative benefits and drawbacks of different GUI designs. This paper presents two empirical evaluations of three types of GUI designs for capturing emotion using both a 10 participant in-lab trial and a 100 participant AMT trial. We define GUI scoring metrics and report on participants' ability to rate real world scenarios and evocative images, respectively, in ways that are consistent with population norms and with respect their own emotion word choices. We additionally report on users preferences for different designs, their perceived ease of use and the average time taken to complete an assessment for the different designs.
A 2.85 pJ/bit, 52-Gbps NRZ VCSEL Driver with Two-Tap Feedforward Equalization (2020)

─We report an energy-efficient vertical cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) driver implemented in a 130 nm SiGe HBT technology. Operation at data rates as high as 60 Gbps is demonstrated with the use of two-tap feed-forward equalizer (FFE) using a differentiator circuit at the output driver stage that eliminates the need for inductors and results in compact area (0.032 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ). The current contribution of the differentiator produces a trade-off between energy efficiency and bandwidth enhancement. Error-free (BER < 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−12</sup> ) non-return-to-zero (NRZ) transmission up to 52 Gbps is reported at an efficiency of 2.85 pJ/bit.
Small Polaron Mobility in α‐LixO5 (1984)

Abstract ESR and de conductivity measurements are performed on a α‐Li x O 5 ( x = 0.001) single crystal in the temperature range 4 to 293 K. They suggest that at low temperature, the unpaired electron remains localized in the field of lithium ion and is equally delocalized over four vanadium sites leading to the formation of a bound polaron characterized by a 29 hyperfine lines ESR spectrum. As the temperature is raised bound polarons are freed from the electrostatic field and the electrical properties of the sample above 250 K mainly arise from the hopping of free polarons between the vanadium sites. A comparison with previous measurements on non‐stoichiometric V 2 O 5 shows that the activation energy corresponding to the hopping process of free polarons does not depend on the nature of the paramagnetic defect, but it appears that the energy needed to extract the bound polaron from the Coulomb field of the defect decreases when the overall radius of the defect increases.
Dynorphin a Analogs for the Treatment of Chronic Neuropathic Pain (2016)

Chronic pain is one of the most ubiquitous diseases in the world, but treatment is difficult with conventional methods, due to undesirable side effects of treatments and unknown mechanisms of pathological pain states. The endogenous peptide, dynorphin A has long been established as a target for the treatment of pain. Interestingly, this unique peptide has both inhibitory (opioid in nature) and excitatory activities (nonopioid) in the CNS. Both of these effects have been found to play a role in pain and much work has been done to develop therapeutics to enhance the inhibitory effects. Here we will review the dynorphin A compounds that have been designed for the modulation of pain and will discuss where the field stands today.
Surface-emitting multiple quantum well distributed feedback laser with a broad-area grating coupler (1988)

A surface-emitting laser diode with a 100 × 200 μm2 grating coupler was fabricated. Narrow beam divergence angles of 2° × 0.32° and a maximum output power of 210mW were obtained.
Brain-gut-skin peptides: An update overview. (1989)

The authors present an overview of the main amphibian peptide families mainly derived from the skin and mostly discovered by Erspamer and his associates. The studies of the peptides do not only promote the understanding of their chemical, metabolical and physiological features of those molecules in amphibians, but also contribute to progress in our knowledge of the corresponding mammalian counterparts. Particular reference is made on sauvagine, tachykinin, bombesin and dermorphin families, offering new data mostly from personal contributions to this field.
Techniques for Improving Energy Efficiency at Water Supply Pumping Stations. (1987)

This report presents an application of a methodology for reducing the amount of energy used for pumping in treated water distribution systems. The methodology can be divided into three steps: (a.) field testing of pumps to ensure that they are performing to specifications, (b.) determining the best combination of pumps to achieve a given discharge, and (c.) determining the optimal discharges (or tank water levels). The methods presented in the report are applied to pumping stations serving the water distribution system for Washington, DC, and the vicinity. They indicate that energy savings of approximately 5 percent ($90,000 per year for the two pressure zones investigated) can be realized without adversely affecting service. The methods can be used in developing rough rules for pump operation or for real-time control of pumping.
Metabolic Lysosomal Enzyme Probes (2013)

Lysosomes are acidic cytoplasmic organelles that are present in nucleated mammalian cells and are involved in a variety of cellular processes including repair of the plasma membrane, defense against pathogens, cholesterol homeostasis, bone remodeling, metabolism, apoptosis and cell signaling. Defects in lysosomal enzyme activity have been associated with a variety of diseases including Parkinson's, Tay‐Sachs, Sandhoff, Krabbe and Gaucher's syndromes. New lysosomal staining probes useful for labeling lysosomes in a live‐cell format and capable of monitoring lysosomal metabolic activity have been developed. These new targeted substrates are based upon fluorescent probes that have a low pKa value for optimum fluorescence at the lower physiological pH values found in lysosomes, contain specific enzymatically‐cleavable functions for specific enzyme activities as well as targeting groups to direct their accumulation to the lysosomes using a live‐cell staining format. Application to the staining of cells derived from blood samples of patients with Metachromatic Leukodystrophy, Krabbe, Gaucher I, II and III, Tay‐Sach's and Sandhoff Diseases as well as healthy human fibroblast and leukocyte control cells are presented. In addition the ability to monitor the effect of secondary therapeutic agents on enzyme activity is presented. This work was supported by NIH Grant 5R44NS073225–04
Data from A Modified Nucleoside 6-Thio-2′-Deoxyguanosine Exhibits Antitumor Activity in Gliomas (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;To investigate the therapeutic role of a novel telomere-directed inhibitor, 6-thio-2′-deoxyguanosine (THIO) in gliomas both &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;p&gt;A panel of human and mouse glioma cell lines was used to test therapeutic efficacy of THIO using cell viability assays, flow cytometric analyses, and immunofluorescence. Integrated analyses of RNA sequencing and reverse-phase protein array data revealed the potential antitumor mechanisms of THIO. Four patient-derived xenografts (PDX), two patient-derived organoids (PDO), and two xenografts of human glioma cell lines were used to further investigate the therapeutic efficacy of THIO.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;THIO was effective in the majority of human and mouse glioma cell lines with no obvious toxicity against normal astrocytes. THIO as a monotherapy demonstrated efficacy in three glioma cell lines that had acquired resistance to temozolomide. In addition, THIO showed efficacy in four human glioma cell lines grown as neurospheres by inducing apoptotic cell death. Mechanistically, THIO induced telomeric DNA damage not only in glioma cell lines but also in PDX tumor specimens. Integrated computational analyses of transcriptomic and proteomic data indicated that THIO significantly inhibited cell invasion, stem cell, and proliferation pathways while triggering DNA damage and apoptosis. Importantly, THIO significantly decreased tumor proliferation in two PDO models and reduced the tumor size of a glioblastoma xenograft and a PDX model.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;The current study established the therapeutic role of THIO in primary and recurrent gliomas and revealed the acute induction of telomeric DNA damage as a primary antitumor mechanism of THIO in gliomas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Application of virtual reference direct control design in rehabilitation engineering (2002)

This paper deals with design of feedback controllers for kneejoint movement of paraplegics using Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) of the paralysed quadriceps muscle group. The controller design approach, Virtual Reference Feedback Tuning (VRFT), is directly based on open loop measured data and fits the controller in such a way that the closed-loop meets a model reference objective. The use of this strategy, avoiding the modelling step, significantly reduces the time required for controller design and considerably simplifies the rehabilitation protocols. Linear and nonlinear controllers have been designed and experimentally tested, preliminary on a healthy subject and finally on a paraplegic patient. It is shown that the control design is effective in controlling the leg position and rejecting disturbances and it could be successfully used in a rehabilitation protocol.
Editorial: Hypoxia and Cardiorespiratory Control (2021)

EDITORIAL article Front. Physiol., 22 December 2021Sec.Respiratory Physiology and Pathophysiology https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.820815
A protein anomaly in erythrocyte membranes of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. (1983)

Raman spectroscopic comparisons of erythrocyte membranes from 20 patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy and 8 age-matched controls indicate a prominent and consistent protein anomaly in the patient samples. This was apparent in the following: (a) CH-stretching signals from control membranes reveal a thermotropic transition at 15.6 degrees C, attributable to a protein/lipid phase that is lacking in dystrophic membranes. (b) CH-stretching signals from control membranes also show a protein transition at 39 degrees C [pH 7.4] that is shifted to 45 degrees in dystrophic membranes. (c) A reduction in pH to 5.7 shifts this transition from 39 degrees C to 7 degrees C in normal membranes and from 45 degrees C to 24 degrees C in dystrophic membranes. (d) The Amide I/Amide III regions indicate a significant proportion of beta-structured peptide in dystrophic but not normal membranes. (e) Analysis of tyrosine signals indicates greater polar exposure of tyrosine hydroxyl groups in dystrophic vs normal membranes. All of the differences between dystrophic and normal membranes are highly significant (P less than 0.001).
Data associated with "Effects of trifluoromethyl substituents on interfacial and bulk polarization of polystyrene gate dielectrics" (2019)

From the publication abstract: The ability to control the bulk and interfacial polarization of dielectric polymers is important to their application in organic electronics. We examine the effect of the trifluoromethyl substituent on poly(3-trifluoromethylstyrene) (P3TFMS) as compared to unsubstituted polystyrene (PS) on the I-V relationships of pentacene-based organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). Single- and double-layered films of these polymers were used, with lower layers crosslinked through vinylbenzocyclobutene comonomers before deposition of upper layers. Control experiments verified that the electronic effect of the crosslinking was negligible. We found that the TFM substituent markedly and independently affected both the initial threshold voltage Vth and the nonvolatile, shifted Vth observed after the application of static gate voltage, depending on its position adjacent or apart from the pentacene. The trifluoromethyl-bearing polymers exhibited significantly lower magnitude initial threshold voltages (Vth,i of ca. −17 V for P3TFMS compared to −35 V for PS), large threshold voltage shifts after charging by the application of static electric fields (ΔVth of ca. 32 V for P3TFMS and 17 V for PS), and greater stability of the ΔVth under repeated charge/discharge cycles. These results are consistent with P3TFMS having fewer interfacial trap states but more stable bulk trap states. The results are applicable to organo-electronic systems such as piezoelectrics for energy harvesting and nonvolatile OFETs such as memory, sensing, and logic elements.