gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT DRYING METHODS ON TEXTURAL PROPERTIES OF NANOCELLULOSE AEROGELS (2009)

There is increasing research interest in nanocellulose aerogels because they have low density, hierarchical structure and they are biodegradable and biocompatible. Typically, aerogels are made by s ...
Effects of composition deviation of CuAl2 on Electromigration (2022)

This paper reports the effect of composition deviation of CuAl <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> on electromigration (EM) property. EM property was measured in the temperature range of 225–325 °C at a current density of 1 MA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . At 275 °C, the void formation rate of Al-rich sample was found to be 1.1–1.2 times faster than that of stoichiometric samples, while it was reduced to 1/5 for Cu-rich samples. The activation energy of Al-rich and stoichiometric samples is found to be 1.16 eV, while that of Cu-rich sample is 1.59 eV. These results show that shifting the composition to Cu-rich side enhances the electromigration properties and the composition has been found to have a significant effect on electromigration of intermetallic compounds.
Isotope-Induced Quantum-Phase Transitions in the Liquid State (1986)

Isotopic binary liquid mixtures are universally characterized by an upper critical solution temperature as a consequence of zero-point motion in conjunction with the anharmonicity of the interatomic potential. This quantum effect is predicted, and demonstrated by small-angle neutron-scattering measurements, to be manifest at ambient temperatures for mixtures of deuterated and protonated polymers. Prior evidence of such phase behavior has been restricted to liquid mixtures of $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ and $^{4}\mathrm{He}$.
Parameters Affecting the Efficient Delivery of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle Materials and Gold Nanorods into Plant Tissues by the Biolistic Method (2011)

Applying nanotechnology to plant science requires efficient systems for the delivery of nanoparticles (NPs) to plant cells and tissues. The presence of a cell wall in plant cells makes it challenging to extend the NP delivery methods available for animal research. In this work, research is presented which establishes an efficient NP delivery system for plant tissues using the biolistic method. It is shown that the biolistic delivery of mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN) materials can be improved by increasing the density of MSNs through gold plating. Additionally, a DNA-coating protocol is used based on calcium chloride and spermidine for MSN and gold nanorods to enhance the NP-mediated DNA delivery. Furthermore, the drastic improvement of NP delivery is demonstrated when the particles are combined with 0.6 μm gold particles during bombardment. The methodology described provides a system for the efficient delivery of NPs into plant cells using the biolistic method.
Statistics of mode amplitudes in shallow water environments: Effects of random linear internal waves and nonlinear internal wave packets. (2009)

In shallow water environments there is presently an incomplete understanding of the relative acoustical importance of the random linear internal-wave field compared to nonlinear internal waves packets. Using the random coupled mode theory of [Creamer (1996)], the nonlinear internal wave mode coupling theory of [Colosi (2007)], and Monte Carlo numerical simulation we are able to demonstrate the important propagation physics when the two internal wave fields act alone, and simultaneously. Importantly, we find that for acoustic frequencies less than roughly 500 Hz and for propagation ranges of order 10s of kms mode propagation though the random internal wave field is very nearly adiabatic, and that cross mode coherences decay rapidly within the first 10 km. A surprising consequence of the decay of cross mode coherence is that the mean intensity will be to first order insensitive to nonlinear internal wave packets if they are located past the de-coherence range. It will also be shown that uncorrelated modes have important implications for the approach to saturation. The adiabatic nature of mode propagation though the random internal wave field may have important implications for shallow water acoustic remote sensing.
The Future of Computational Approaches for Understanding and Adapting User Interfaces (2023)

Building on the success of the first workshop on understanding, generating, and adapting user interfaces at CHI2022, this workshop will advance this research area further by looking at existing results and exploring new research directions. Computational approaches for user interfaces have been used in adapting interfaces for different devices, modalities, and user preferences. Recent work has made significant progress in understanding and adapting user interfaces with traditional constraint/rule-based optimization and machine learning-based data-driven approaches; however, these two approaches remain separate. Combining the two approaches has great potential to advance the area but remains under-explored and challenging. Other contributions, such as datasets for potential applications, novel representations of user interfaces, the analysis of human traces, and models with multi-modalities, will also open up future research options. The proposed workshop seeks to bring together researchers interested in computational approaches for user interfaces to discuss the needs and opportunities for future user interface algorithms, models, and applications.
Differentiation of Diastereomeric Nickel(II) N-Glycoside Complexes Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Kinetic Energy Release Measurements (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTDifferentiation of Diastereomeric Nickel(II) N-Glycoside Complexes Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Kinetic Energy Release MeasurementsGlenn Smith and Julie A. LearyView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, California 94720 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 13, 3293–3294Publication Date (Web):April 3, 1996Publication History Received24 August 1995Published online3 April 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja952915xhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja952915xrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views241Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Carbohydrates,Energy,Ions,Kinetics,Mass spectrometry Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: HEPTAFULVENTRICARBONYLEISEN (1971)

Abstract Aus (I) entsteht durch Zugabe von Triäthylamin ein stabiler Komplex des bisher nur in Lösung bekannten Heptafulvens, dem nach seinem NMR‐Spektrum und dessen Vergleich mit dem der deuterierten Verbindung (III) die Struktur (II) zugeordnet Wird.
Assessment of high-performance smart metering for the web service enabled smart grid era (2011)

The electricity network is undergoing a significant change towards a more adaptive, intelligent, self-managing, collaborative and information-driven grid. According to the smart grid vision, any electronic device connected to it will be able to communicate its consumed or produced energy almost in real time. Based on the analysis of this newly acquired information, a new generation of services and decision support systems can be realized, enabling more intelligent decisions, and ultimately a more efficient energy system. Therefore, high-performance acquisition of smart metering information from large scale distributed infrastructures is of key importance for the upcoming Internet-based enterprise services and mash-up applications. We have used open source software to build a web service-based advanced metering infrastructure of simulated smart meters, concentrators, and a smart metering platform, all interconnected via web services. We measure in a methodological fashion the performance of the various components of the architecture and evaluate their limitations. Finally we identify key performance indicators that need to be considered when deploying large-scale smart metering systems, and discuss on challenges and directions that arise.
3.3 kV/1500 A Power Modules for the World’s First All-SiC Traction Inverter (2014)

We have successfully developed 4H-SiC devices including metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) and Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) with a rated voltage of 3.3 kV. The conduction loss of the SiC-MOSFET was reduced to as low as that of the Si-insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) by the n-type doping of the junction field-effect transistor region (JFET doping). The JFET doping technique is effective in reducing the temperature coefficient of resistance in the JFET region, leading to the decreased on-resistance of the SiC-MOSFET at high temperatures. These devices have been applied to 3.3 kV/1500 A modules for the world's first all-SiC traction inverter. The switching loss of the new traction inverter system is approximately 55% less than that of a conventional inverter system incorporating Si modules.
A study of dilatation and acoustic propagation in solidifying fats and oils: I. Theoretical (1984)

Abstract A theoretical relationship is presented relating acoustic velocity to dilatation in two‐phase systems. The theory is based on studies of seismic propagation by Kuster and Toksöz, who include acoustic propagation in a fluid matrix containing spherical or spheroidal solid inclusions as a special case of their theory. The relationship presented in this paper applies in the long wavelength limit and predicts a linear relationship between acoustic dilatation and volume dilatation in crystallizing liquids, when the acoustic dilatation is much less than unity. I anticipate that this theory may lead to the application of acoustics in the assessment of a wide range of crystallizing systems such as oils.
Single RF front-end MIMO transceivers (2011)

The main limitation of using multiple antenna architecture is the complexity and high cost of the hardware in the RF section. One solution to reduce the extra hardware cost and RF circuit imperfection is the utilization of a single RF front-end in a MIMO system. This article discusses the different alternatives to realize single RF front-end transceivers, including the antenna selection technique, time-division multiplexing, code-division multiplexing, and the parasitic antenna method. The implementation technique for each approach is presented, and a performance study has been conducted. The practical limitations of a single RF front-end design alternative are also discussed.
Concerns Associated with Uterus Transplantation in Japan (2020)

Uterus transplantation (UTx) has seen increasing global adoption as an alternative for women with uterine factor infertility to achieve pregnancy. However, several medical, ethical, and social issues need to be addressed before UTx can be applied clinically. Since 2009, Japan has amassed a large database of basic research on UTx in non-human primates, but clinical application has not been realized because of conservative attitudes and prudent concerns. Nonetheless, UTx may be viable in Japan after comprehensive resolution of the concerns associated with this medical technology.
Artificial and bioartificial liver devices: present and future (2009)

Liver failure is associated with high morbidity and mortality without transplantation. There are two types of device for temporary support: artificial and bioartificial livers. Artificial livers essentially use non-living components to remove the toxins accumulated during liver failure. Bioartificial livers have bioreactors containing hepatocytes to provide both biotransformation and synthetic liver functions. We review here the operating principles, chemical effects, clinical effects and complications of both types, with specific attention paid to bioartificial systems. Several artificial support systems have FDA marketing authorisation or are CE labelled, but the improvement they provide in terms of patient clinical outcome has not yet been fully demonstrated. At present, different bioartifical systems are being investigated clinically on the basis of their promises and capacity to provide and replace most liver functions. However, important issues such as cost, cell availability, maintenance of cell viability and functionality throughout treatment, and regulatory issues, as well as difficult challenges, including implementing cell-housing devices at the patient's bedside on an emergency basis, have delayed their appearance in intensive care units and on the market. Bioreactors are, nevertheless, when combined with artificial components, a pragmatic approach for future treatment of liver failure.
Measurement of Z0-boson production at large rapidities in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02TeV (2018)

The production of Z 0 bosons at large rapidities in Pb-Pb collisions at
Comparison of Perimeters: Intuitive Interference in People who Are Blind (2018)

Introduction Difficulties in science and mathematics may stem from intuitive interference of irrelevant salient variables in a task. It has been suggested that such intuitive interference is based on immediate perceptual differences that are often visual. Studies performed with sighted participants have indicated that in the comparison-of-“perimeters” task, “area” was the irrelevant salient variable. Such studies have consistently shown that accuracy is higher and reaction times for correct responses are shorter in congruent trials (no interference of area), than in incongruent trials (interference of area). Methods Fifteen participants who are blind completed a comparison-of-area and a comparison-of-perimeters tasks, each in a different session. In each comparison trial, the participants explored two tactile geometrical shapes using both hands. To collect the participants’ responses and reaction times, the researchers used a Microsoft Excel Macro file designed for this study. Results Findings demonstrated that for both rate of correct responses and their reaction times, the performance pattern resembled the one observed previously for sighted participants. In addition, reaction times that were observed there were about five times longer compared to those observed previously for sighted participants. Discussion These findings indicated that interference of area in comparison to perimeters is evident for participants who are blind. They further suggest that, in mathematics, people who are blind experience interference that had previously been assumed to be tied to visual perception. Implications for practitioners The study suggests that interference of salient irrelevant variables could cause difficulties in science and mathematics for students who are blind. This knowledge could guide educators and curriculum developers for these students in selecting appropriate learning and instruction methods. In addition, the current findings point to the additional amount of time needed to access graphical information tactilely compared to visually.
Observation of Recorded Marks of MO Disk by Scanning Near-Field Magneto-Optical Microscope (1999)

A scanning near-field magneto-optical microscope using a bent-type fiber probe operating as an AFM cantilever has been investigated for magneto-optical imaging. Using a polarization modulation technique, the signal to noise ratio as well as the contrast ratio of the image was much improved. Stokes parameters of the probe were evaluated, from which suitable compensation for polarization transmission was performed. This provides a possibility of obtaining quantitative evaluation of magneto-optical parameters in the sub-micrometer region. A Clear MO image of recorded marks on a Pt/Co disk was obtained with 100 nm resolution.
A Burkholderia pseudomallei Colony Variant Necessary for Gastric Colonization (2015)

Seemingly uniform populations of bacteria often contain subpopulations that are genetically identical but display unique characteristics which offer advantages when the population is faced with infrequent but predictable stresses. The pathogen Burkholderia pseudomallei is capable of forming several reversible colony types, and it interconverted between one white type and two yellow types under certain environmental stresses. The two yellow forms exhibited distinct advantages in low-oxygen and acidic environments. One yellow colony variant was the only form capable of chronic stomach colonization. Areas of gastric infection were marked by bacteria encased in a DNA matrix, and the yellow forms were able to produce large amounts of extracellular DNA in vitro. We also identified the regulator in control of yellow colony variant formation. These findings demonstrate a role in infection for colony variation and provide a mechanism for chronic stomach colonization-a frequently overlooked niche in melioidosis.
Timing Performance Analysis in an Open Software Radio System (2006)

In this paper, a software defined radio implementation of TD-SCDMA system based on the common PCs and the open source operating system is described. The performance of this system is evaluated by end-to-end delay, packet loss ratio and CPU usage. We specially focus on the hardware-software coupling and the timing characteristics. The tests on this SDR platform show the feasibility of software-only 3G system and the statistic results can be used to dimension a PC-based base station.
Measurements of the thermal coefficient of optical attenuation at different depth regions of in vivo human skins using optical coherence tomography: a pilot study (2015)

We present detailed measurement results of optical attenuation's thermal coefficients (referenced to the temperature of the skin surface) in different depth regions of in vivo human forearm skins using optical coherence tomography (OCT). We first design a temperature control module with an integrated optical probe to precisely control the surface temperature of a section of human skin. We propose a method of using the correlation map to identify regions in the skin having strong correlations with the surface temperature of the skin and find that the attenuation coefficient in these regions closely follows the variation of the surface temperature without any hysteresis. We observe a negative thermal coefficient of attenuation in the epidermis. While in dermis, the slope signs of the thermal coefficient of attenuation are different at different depth regions for a particular subject, however, the depth regions with a positive (or negative) slope are different in different subjects. We further find that the magnitude of the thermal coefficient of attenuation coefficient is greater in epidermis than in dermis. We believe the knowledge of such thermal properties of skins is important for several noninvasive diagnostic applications, such as OCT glucose monitoring, and the method demonstrated in this paper is effective in studying the optical and biological properties in different regions of skin.
Identification of Streptococcus agalactiae Isolates from Various Phylogenetic Lineages by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (2009)

Variations in proteins related to bacterial diversity may affect species identification performed using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI)-time of flight mass spectrometry. Using this method, we identified 110 Streptococcus agalactiae isolates characterized by serotyping and multilocus sequence typing. Serotype III and sequence type 23 strains expressed the widest variation in molecular weight of putative "species-identifying" biomarker ions. Recognition of the diversity of MALDI patterns observed in strains that represent all major intraspecies lineages assists in the constitution of an optimal reference database.
Asymptotic analysis of precoded OFDM with hierarchical modulation (2013)

This paper investigates the bit error rate (BER) performance of hierarchically modulated precoded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). We consider a low priority stream modulated on top of a high priority stream with a constellation ratio a and analyze the resulting BER performance. Since the BER depends in a complex way on the particular precoding matrix used, it is difficult for one to gain direct insight into the performance of the hierarchically modulated system. We overcome this difficulty by resorting to the framework of large system analysis [1] in order to derive the asymptotic expression of the BER of the Minimum Mean Squared Error (MMSE) receiver. Assuming that the entries of the precoding matrix are independent and identically distributed (i.i.d) random variables, we derive the limit BER for the 4QAM and the 16QAM low priority stream cases. The limit BER is obtained by assuming that the number of OFDM sub-carriers and the number of OFDM symbols tend to infinity at the same rate. We show that the limit BER is independent of the particular realizations of the precoding matrix. Simulation results show that the asymptotic expression perfectly matches the empirical results obtained for FFT sizes as low as 256 in different channel conditions. We then use the asymptotic expression to gain useful insights into the effect of the different configuration parameters on the system performance.
Optimization and Simplification of PCPA Decoder for Reed-Muller Codes (2022)

The collapsed projection-aggregation (CPA) decoder reduces the computational complexity of the recursive projection-aggregation (RPA) decoder by removing the recursive structure. From simulations, the CPA decoder has similar error-correction performance as the RPA decoder, when decoding Reed-Muller (RM) (7, 3) and (8, 2) codes. The computational complexity can be further reduced by only selecting a subset of sub-spaces, which is achieved by pruning CPA decoders. In this work, optimization methods are proposed to find the pruned CPA (PCPA) decoder with small performance loss. Furthermore, the min-sum approximation is used to replace non-linear projection and aggregation functions, and a simplified list decoder based on the syndrome check is proposed. Under the same complexity, the optimized PCPA decoder has less performance loss than randomly constructed PCPA decoders in most case. The min-sum approximation incurs less than 0.15 dB performance loss at a target frame error rate of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−4</sup> , and the simplified list decoder does not have noticeable performance loss.
Three‐dimensional magnetic resonance imaging technique for myocardial‐delayed hyperenhancement: A comparison with the two‐dimensional technique (2004)

Mean CNR, SNR, and SIR are significantly increased in the three-dimensional technique compared to the conventional two-dimensional technique.
Crystal and molecular structure of copper cyclohexylenediaminetetraacetate tetrahydrate (1984)

Epitaxial crystallization of linear polymers onto various substrates a110\"r5 the possibility of obtaining electron diffraction patterns from zones other than that obtained from solution-~rown specimens, from ;':7hich reliable structural information can be difficult to obtain (the lOTIR projection ~xis enhances crystal bend