gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
QfaR: Location-Guided Scanning of Visual Codes from Long Distances (2023)

Visual codes such as QR codes provide a low-cost and convenient communication channel between physical objects and mobile devices, but typically operate when the code and the device are in close physical proximity. We propose a system, called QfaR, which enables mobile devices to scan visual codes across long distances even where the image resolution of the visual codes is extremely low. QfaR is based on location-guided code scanning, where we utilize a crowd-sourced database of physical locations of codes. Our key observation is that if the approximate location of the codes and the user is known, the space of possible codes can be dramatically pruned down. Then, even if every "single bit" from the low-resolution code cannot be recovered, QfaR can still identify the visual code from the pruned list with high probability. By applying computer vision techniques, QfaR is also robust against challenging imaging conditions, such as tilt, motion blur, etc. Experimental results with common iOS and Android devices show that QfaR can significantly enhance distances at which codes can be scanned, e.g., 3.6cm-sized codes can be scanned at a distance of 7.5 meters, and 0.5m-sized codes at about 100 meters. QfaR has many potential applications, and beyond our diverse experiments, we also conduct a simple case study on its use for efficiently scanning QR code-based badges to estimate event attendance.
Physics-Based Passivity-Preserving Parameterized Model Order Reduction for PEEC Circuit Analysis (2011)

The decrease of integrated circuit feature size and the increase of operating frequencies require 3-D electromagnetic methods, such as the partial element equivalent circuit (PEEC) method, for the analysis and design of high-speed circuits. Very large systems of equations are often produced by 3-D electromagnetic methods, and model order reduction (MOR) methods have proven to be very effective in combating such high complexity. During the circuit synthesis of large-scale digital or analog applications, it is important to predict the response of the circuit under study as a function of design parameters such as geometrical and substrate features. Traditional MOR techniques perform order reduction only with respect to frequency, and therefore the computation of a new electromagnetic model and the corresponding reduced model are needed each time a design parameter is modified, reducing the CPU efficiency. Parameterized model order reduction (PMOR) methods become necessary to reduce large systems of equations with respect to frequency and other design parameters of the circuit, such as geometrical layout or substrate characteristics. We propose a novel PMOR technique applicable to PEEC analysis which is based on a parameterization process of matrices generated by the PEEC method and the projection subspace generated by a passivity-preserving MOR method. The proposed PMOR technique guarantees overall stability and passivity of parameterized reduced order models over a user-defined range of design parameter values. Pertinent numerical examples validate the proposed PMOR approach.
Punitive Damages In Texas: An Economic Inquiry (1994)

This study provides an analysis of the economic impact of punitive damages on the economy of Texas. Consistent with our research results, prior studies also found that the size and frequency of the jury awards for punitive damages were increasing over time. However, they ignored the planning uncertainty created for individuals and business firms by potential punitive damages awards and the associated risk costs. Based on a financial-economic analysis of some empirical data on punitive damages awards in Texas, a more comprehensive assessment of the economic implications of punitive damages and the associated cost of risk on the economy of Texas is developed. For 1993, the estimated cost of punitive damages awards in Dallas and Harris Counties alone were approximately 20 percent of sales tax revenues in Texas. The study also shows how the burden of punitive damages may be shifted to employees, bondholders, vendors, tax entities, and customers of the firm. If the damages are deemed to be insurable, they are also shifted to other insured policyholders.
Data on medicinal plants in the records of Latvian folk medicine from the 19th century (2019)

The data presented in this article is in support of the research paper "Medicinal plants and their uses recorded in the Archives of Latvian Folklore from the 19th century" [1]. This article provides the list of plant species and disorders treated with medicinal plants mentioned in the records of Latvian folk medicine and used by indigenous people of Latvia in the 19th century. In total, the data include 211 genera belonging to 71 plant families. The accepted scientific names of plant species, plant parts used, dosage forms of herbal medicines, and routes of administration are reported in the table. Plant uses are grouped into one of the 17 categories based on the body systems and psychological and social problems. The frequency of citations is indicated for each use of medicinal plant.
In vitro induction of a Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide-specific antibody response in human peripheral blood lymphocytes of individuals recently vaccinated with an oligosaccharide-protein conjugate (1991)

In this paper an in vitro culture system for the induction of an antibody response to the Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide (PRP) is described. Anti-PRP IgM and IgG antibody-secreting cells (ASC) and anti-diphtheria toxoid (DT) IgG ASC were detected in cultures of blood B and T cells derived from donors 4 to 6 wk after immunization with Haemophilus influenzae type b oligosaccharide-mutant diphtheria toxin (CRM197) conjugate (HbOC) and required in vitro restimulation with HbOC. When lymphocytes from HbOC-vaccinated donors were stimulated with PRP, anti-PRP IgM and IgG ASC could be detected in 50% offGe cases. Lymphocytes from PRP-vaccinated donors or non-vaccinated donors consistently failed to generate anti-PRP antibodies after in vitro stimulation with HbOC. Optimal in vitro responses were observed at concentrations of 0.06 to 0.6 micrograms/ml of Ag. At higher doses of Ag (6 micrograms/ml) anti-PRP and anti-DT antibody responses were suppressed. The in vitro generation of anti-PRP and anti-DT ASC, as detected by a spot-forming cell assay was shown to be T cell dependent, Ag dependent, and Ag specific. This culture system provides a model for the study of human B cell activation and immunoregulation by polysaccharide-protein conjugates and polysaccharides.
Conclusion: towards a theory of change for social cohesion (2011)

This chapter aims to pull together the chapters of this book into a theory of change (ToC) that can provide a new basis for the evaluation of social cohesion. It also highlights the problems with implementing this new approach as a result of the financial crisis and change of government. The chapter then provides an optimistic note and identifies the levers that might help sustain a broader approach despite the difficulties. A brief preliminary assessment of the general policy terrain likely to be occupied by the new coalition government is presented. Stakeholders who are the subjects of evaluation have to be able to hold those with power to account. The Equality Act 2010 was a key achievement of the last government. Progress can be made on the new equalities duties at the local level, but it will depend on local leadership and local champions.
Shortwave infrared fluorescence imaging with the clinically approved near-infrared dye indocyanine green (2018)

Fluorescence imaging is a method of real-time molecular tracking in vivo that has enabled many clinical technologies. Imaging in the shortwave IR (SWIR; 1,000-2,000 nm) promises higher contrast, sensitivity, and penetration depths compared with conventional visible and near-IR (NIR) fluorescence imaging. However, adoption of SWIR imaging in clinical settings has been limited, partially due to the absence of US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved fluorophores with peak emission in the SWIR. Here, we show that commercially available NIR dyes, including the FDA-approved contrast agent indocyanine green (ICG), exhibit optical properties suitable for in vivo SWIR fluorescence imaging. Even though their emission spectra peak in the NIR, these dyes outperform commercial SWIR fluorophores and can be imaged in the SWIR, even beyond 1,500 nm. We show real-time fluorescence imaging using ICG at clinically relevant doses, including intravital microscopy, noninvasive imaging in blood and lymph vessels, and imaging of hepatobiliary clearance, and show increased contrast compared with NIR fluorescence imaging. Furthermore, we show tumor-targeted SWIR imaging with IRDye 800CW-labeled trastuzumab, an NIR dye being tested in multiple clinical trials. Our findings suggest that high-contrast SWIR fluorescence imaging can be implemented alongside existing imaging modalities by switching the detection of conventional NIR fluorescence systems from silicon-based NIR cameras to emerging indium gallium arsenide-based SWIR cameras. Using ICG in particular opens the possibility of translating SWIR fluorescence imaging to human clinical applications. Indeed, our findings suggest that emerging SWIR-fluorescent in vivo contrast agents should be benchmarked against the SWIR emission of ICG in blood.
Terahertz Room-Temperature Photonic Crystal Laser (2007)

We demonstrate a photonic crystal cavity laser with near-μW threshold and employing a surface-passivated InGaAs quantum well. The laser operates at room temperature and produces pulses with FWHM shorter than 3 ps (detector response limited).
Immunization of Patients with the hTERT:540-548 Peptide Induces Peptide-Reactive T Lymphocytes That Do Not Recognize Tumors Endogenously Expressing Telomerase (2004)

Our results are discordant with previous studies and those of a clinical trial that claimed peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients vaccinated with peptide-pulsed dendritic cells lysed hTERT(+) tumors. However, our findings are consistent with a previous study that demonstrated that the hTERT:540-548 peptide is cleaved in the proteasome. These results suggest that hTERT:540-548 is not presented on the surfaces of tumor cells in the context of HLA-A*0201 and will not be useful for the immunotherapy of patients with cancer.
SIVcpz in Wild Chimpanzees (2002)

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Intrinsic Immunogenicity of Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Revealed by Its Cellular Plasticity (2021)

Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is highly mutated, yet durable response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) is rare. SCLC also exhibits cellular plasticity, which could influence its immunobiology. Here we discover that a distinct subset of SCLC uniquely upregulates MHC I, enriching for durable ICB benefit. <i>In vitro</i> modeling confirms epigenetic recovery of MHC I in SCLC following loss of neuroendocrine differentiation, which tracks with derepression of STING. Transient EZH2 inhibition expands these nonneuroendocrine cells, which display intrinsic innate immune signaling and basally restored antigen presentation. Consistent with these findings, murine nonneuroendocrine SCLC tumors are rejected in a syngeneic model, with clonal expansion of immunodominant effector CD8 T cells. Therapeutically, EZH2 inhibition followed by STING agonism enhances T-cell recognition and rejection of SCLC in mice. Together, these data identify MHC I as a novel biomarker of SCLC immune responsiveness and suggest novel immunotherapeutic approaches to co-opt SCLC's intrinsic immunogenicity. SIGNIFICANCE: SCLC is poorly immunogenic, displaying modest ICB responsiveness with rare durable activity. In profiling its plasticity, we uncover intrinsically immunogenic MHC I<sup>hi</sup> subpopulations of nonneuroendocrine SCLC associated with durable ICB benefit. We also find that combined EZH2 inhibition and STING agonism uncovers this cell state, priming cells for immune rejection.<i>This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1861</i>.
Retrograde Fenestration of Endoluminal Grafts from Target Vessels: Feasibility, Technique, and Potential Usage (2003)

In vivo endograft fenestration of a Zenith endograft is feasible. In addition to providing a percutaneous means of intentionally fenestrating a stent-graft from the artery to be perfused, the technique has potential application as a bailout maneuver after inadvertent side branch occlusion. Although the time to achieve successful fenestration in the experimental model was long, refinement may achieve performance times adequate to maintain viability of the end organ.
A power peak load shifting mixing with solar energy solution for hybrid energy system of the telecommunication base station (2018)

Some areas have poor mains facilities and sufficient solar energy, but the hybrid energy system of telecommunication base station of those areas can not run well and the cost of operation and maintenance is very high. This paper introduce a power peak load shifting mixing with solar energy solution(SE-PPLS) for hybrid energy system of telecom base station. Comparing with traditional power supply solution, this solution can help telecom operators reduce investment and OPEX.
Effect of nearby human body on WPT system (2011)

Based on the transmitting efficiency of WPT system calculated by using s-parameters when the WPT system is equivalent to a 2-ports lossy network [1], the effects of human body on the transmitting efficiency of WPT system with three different transmitting/receiving elements are further investigated in this paper. It is found that the WPT system using the element consisting of loop and a parasitic helical, resonant element in other words, can prevent the reduction in the transmitting efficiency from the human body, thus it is an efficient and safe choice to us a loop with a parasitic helical as the transmitting/receiving element.
Host Cells Participate in the In Vitro Effects of Novel Diamidine Analogues against Tachyzoites of the Intracellular Apicomplexan ParasitesNeospora caninumandToxoplasma gondii (2008)

The in vitro effects of 19 dicationic diamidine derivatives against the proliferative tachyzoite stages of the apicomplexan parasites Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii were investigated. Four compounds (DB811, DB786, DB750, and DB766) with similar structural properties exhibited profound inhibition of tachyzoite proliferation. The lowest 50% inhibitory concentrations were found for DB786 (0.21 microM against Neospora and 0.22 microM against Toxoplasma) and DB750 (0.23 microM against Neospora and 0.16 microM against Toxoplasma), with complete proliferation inhibition at 1.7 microM for both drugs against both species. DB750 and DB786 were chosen for further studies. Electron microscopy of N. caninum-infected human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) cultures revealed distinct alterations and damage of parasite ultrastructure upon drug treatment, while host cells remained unaffected. For true parasiticidal efficacy against N. caninum, a treatment duration of 3 h at 1.7 microM was sufficient for DB750, while a longer treatment period (24 h) was necessary for DB786. Pretreatment of tachyzoites for 1 h prior to host cell exposure had no effect on infectivity. However, pretreatment of uninfected host cells had a significant adverse effect on N. caninum proliferation: exposure of HFFs to 1.7 microM DB750 for 6, 12, or 24 h, followed by infection with N. caninum tachyzoites and subsequent culture in the absence of DB750, resulted in significantly delayed parasite proliferation. This suggests that either (i) these compounds or their respective active metabolites were still present after the removal of the drugs or (ii) the drug treatments reversibly impaired some functional activities in HFFs that were essential for parasite proliferation and/or survival.
A computational speech-act model of human-computer conversations (2002)

The authors describe a computational paradigm for representing and managing human-computer dialog in an expert clinical monitoring system. Declarative scriptlike structures, implemented in Prolog, are used to represent and manage the speech acts of the stereotypical conversations between the computer and its users, in this case clinical staff. This model is useful for rapid prototyping of the human interface and can serve as a basis for implementation of the system in an actual clinical setting. In an example, actions such as database and expert system queries are simulated through keyboard input. The chief strength of the computational model is that it permits a broad range of social and professional concerns to be identified and resolved during the design phase of system development, thereby reducing the potential negative impact of the system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Nutritional Intervention at a Girl’s Orphanage in Sri Lanka Decreased Stunting after One Year (2021)

Background: Both the civil war in 1998 and the tsunami in 2004 in Sri Lanka resulted in a large number of orphans. Objective: To examine the effect of nutritional intervention on one-year period of stunting and/or emaciated status. Methods: Study setting: Twenty-eight girls aged 5 - 19 years old were in the care of Grace Girls’ Home, an orphanage for girls located in the port town of Trincomalee, Sri Lanka, at the time of the survey. Nineteen of them had two available anthropometric measurements recorded over one year of follow-up. Anthropometric measurements were obtained prior to the intervention of nutritional mentoring to the local caregivers, and one year after intervention. Height-for-age, weight-for-age, and BMI-for-age z-scores were calculated using SMART methodology. Nutritional consultancy recommended an additional 15 - 20 grams of high quality protein per day, which was given to the girls. The kitchen team was encouraged to regularly prepare a variety of pulse-based dishes, using local foods and recipes. The local palm oil, rich in saturated fatty acids, was replaced with sunflower oil, rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Results: Stunting was decreased from Height to age Z-score (−1.19 ± 0.94) to (−0.90 ± 1.06) (P = 0.016), and BMI Z-score from (−0.80 ± 0.79) to (−0.50 ± 0.74) (P = 0.004). Conclusions: A single nutritional education intervention, culturally adapted and implemented by the local caregivers, can decrease stunting in orphans within one year.
A 20-W stereo class-D audio output power stage in 0.6-/spl mu/m BCDMOS technology (2004)

This paper presents a highly power efficient 2/spl times/20-W class-D audio output power stage implemented in 0.6-/spl mu/m BCDMOS technology. The presented power stage is capable of driving 2/spl times/8-/spl Omega/ loads from a 20-V power supply at a power efficiency approaching 90%. Circuit details of thermal detection, over-current protection, and startup speaker click/pop are also presented. The performance of open-loop Class-D output stages are limited by the distortion mechanisms present within the power stage itself. A third-order PWM modulator was prototyped and used to dramatically improve the performance of the Class-D output stage by using feedback. The results of this work are also presented.
Critical Effect of H 2 O 2 in the Agar Plate on the Growth of Laboratory and Environmental Strains (2022)

We previously showed that autoclaving in preparing agar media is one of the sources of hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) in the medium. This medium-embedded H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> was shown to lower the total colony count of environmental microorganisms. However, the critical concentrations of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> detrimental to colony formation on the agar plate remain largely undetermined. Herein, we elucidated the specific effect of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> on microbial colony formation on solid agar medium by external supplementation of varying amounts of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. While common laboratory strains (often called domesticated microbes) formed colonies in the presence of high H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> concentrations (48.8 μM or higher), microbes from a freshwater sample demonstrated greatly decreased colony counts in the presence of 8.3 μM H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. This implies that environmental microbes are susceptible to much lower concentrations of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> than laboratory strains. Among the emergent colonies on agar plates supplemented with different H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> concentrations, the relative abundance of betaproteobacterial colonies was found to be lower on plates containing higher amounts of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Further, the growth of the representative betaproteobacterial isolates was completely inhibited in the presence of 7.2 μM H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Therefore, our study clearly demonstrates that low micromolar levels of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in agar plates critically affect growth of environmental microbes, and large portions of those are far more susceptible to the same than laboratory strains. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> It is well-known that most of environmental microorganisms do not form colonies on agar medium despite that agar medium is the commonly used solidified medium. We previously demonstrated the negative effects of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> generation during agar medium preparation on colony formation. In the present study, we investigated the independent effect of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> on microbial growth by adding different concentrations of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> to agar medium. Our results demonstrate for the first time that even low micromolar levels of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in agar plates, that are far lower than previously recognized as significant, adversely affect colony number obtained from freshwater inoculum.
Critical Role of Polymeric Binders on the Electronic Transport Properties of Composites Electrode (2006)

International audience
Anti-Infective Effects of Lactobacilli in the Gastrointestinal Tract (2003)

Antibiotics constitute the dominant treatment of gastrointestinal infections. However, several serious side-effects are associated with extensive use of antibiotics, including spread of bacterial resistance and allergic reactions as well as potential overgrowth of pathogenic bacteria and viruses. On the other hand, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting that certain bacteria, referred to as probiotics, have anti-bacterial properties and may counteract the development of infections. Probiotics are defined as viable non-pathogenic microorganisms, which, upon ingestion exert a positive impact in the host. This review will focus on the antiinfective mechanisms and effects of lactobacilli and suggests that administration of lactobacilli may be an effective approach to prevent and treat a vast spectrum of infections of enteric origin. Keywords: gastrointestinal tract, infection, lactobacilli, probiotics
(Radio)fluoroclick Reaction Enabled by a Hydrogen‐Bonding Cluster (2017)

We have developed a widely applicable nucleophilic (radio)fluoroclick reaction of ynamides with readily available and easy-to-handle KF(<sup>18</sup> F). The reactions exhibited high functional-group tolerance and needed only an ambient atmosphere. This <sup>18</sup> F addition to C-C unsaturated bonds proceeded with extraordinarily high radiochemical yields.
Platelet-Rich Plasma Increases Anti-inflammatory Markers in a Human Coculture Model for Osteoarthritis (2015)

Osteoarthritis is a leading cause of chronic disability, and less invasive treatment methods are needed. Study results suggest that PRP injections may be an effective alternative anti-inflammatory agent in the treatment of OA.