gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Additive Effects of Late Preconditioning Produced By Monophosphoryl Lipid A and the Early Preconditioning Mediated By Adenosine Receptors and K ATP Channel (1999)

This study defined a novel interaction in which the cardioprotective effect of early preconditioning is additive to that of late preconditioning and raised the possibility that both agents can be used as combined therapy in the treatment of ischemic heart disease.
Abstract 4117: Imaging hypoxia: Development of a PET-optical smart probe (2018)

Abstract Hypoxia is a characteristic trait of many aggressive tumors. Identification of hypoxic tissues is important for establishing patient treatment plans and prognoses. We show progress towards the development of a hypoxia-activated molecular probe that combines near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. The fluorescence emission enables facile scrutiny of probe function in vitro and positron emission facilitates translation for clinical use. The probe is a small molecule that possesses a nitro-aromatic group which is sensitive to hypoxic environments. The caged smart probe is non-fluorescent due to photo-induced electron transfer from the nitro-aromatic group. Nitroreductase, an enzyme which is upregulated in hypoxic environments, activates the fluorescence by reducing the nitro group, thereby disabling the quenching effect. Wet chemistry techniques were used to develop the probe which was analyzed by UV/Vis and fluorescence spectroscopies. In vitro and in vivo imaging experiments were also performed. The probe demonstrated membrane permeability and lysosomal accumulation in glioblastoma cells. Additional favorable characteristics include NIR emission and low toxicity to cells. The fluorescence was detected in subcutaneous murine cancer models providing evidence of potential clinical translation toward applications like image-guided surgery. In short, the probe was synthesized in good yield from commercially-available materials and showed promising optical characteristics in cells and animal models. Future work involves F-18 radiolabeling of the probe followed by microPET imaging. Citation Format: Jessica L. Klockow, Kenneth S. Hettie, Frederick T. Chin. Imaging hypoxia: Development of a PET-optical smart probe [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4117.
Index contrast scaling for optical amplifiers (2003)

A scaling methodology for optically pumped waveguide amplifiers is presented as a function of their core-cladding index contrast. Increasing index contrast results in two crucial advantages: 1) an increase in gain efficiency and 2) a decrease in the areal footprint of a planar structure. Increasing index contrast is observed to have no effect on the output noise figure. A figure of merit summarizing these advantages demonstrates the powerful role of index contrast as an enabler for improving planar amplifier performance. Design rules are presented in the form of performance maps, allowing waveguide designers to optimize amplifier length and footprint. Using the Er-doped waveguide amplifier as a case study, we design an optical amplifier with >3-dB/cm gain within a 300×300-μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> area, powered by a single 1-mW pump source. This work represents a design rule approach for making a scalable microphotonic optical amplifier.
Detection of the High-Level Aminoglycoside Resistance Gene aph(2")-Ib in Enterococcus faecium (2000)

A new high-level gentamicin resistance gene, designated aph(2")-Ib, was cloned from Enterococcus faecium SF11770. The deduced amino acid sequence of the 897-bp open reading frame of aph(2")-Ib shares homology with the aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes AAC(6')-APH(2"), APH(2")-Ic, and APH(2")-Id. The observed phosphotransferase activity is designated APH(2")-Ib.
Emergent Symmetry and Valley Chern Insulator in Twisted Double-Bilayer Graphene (2020)

Theoretical calculations show that twisted double bilayer graphene (TDBG) under a transverse electric field develops a valley Chern number 2 at charge neutrality. Using thermodynamic and thermal activation measurements we report the experimental observation of a universal closing of the charge neutrality gap in the Hofstadter spectrum of TDBG at 1/2 magnetic flux per unit cell, in agreement with theoretical predictions for a valley Chern number 2 gap. Our theoretical analysis of the experimental data shows that the interaction energy, while larger than the flat-band bandwidth in TDBG near 1°does not alter the emergent valley symmetry or the single-particle band topology.
Depth Super Resolution by Rigid Body Self-Similarity in 3D (2013)

We tackle the problem of jointly increasing the spatial resolution and apparent measurement accuracy of an input low-resolution, noisy, and perhaps heavily quantized depth map. In stark contrast to earlier work, we make no use of ancillary data like a color image at the target resolution, multiple aligned depth maps, or a database of high-resolution depth exemplars. Instead, we proceed by identifying and merging patch correspondences within the input depth map itself, exploiting patch wise scene self-similarity across depth such as repetition of geometric primitives or object symmetry. While the notion of 'single-image' super resolution has successfully been applied in the context of color and intensity images, we are to our knowledge the first to present a tailored analogue for depth images. Rather than reason in terms of patches of 2D pixels as others have before us, our key contribution is to proceed by reasoning in terms of patches of 3D points, with matched patch pairs related by a respective 6 DoF rigid body motion in 3D. In support of obtaining a dense correspondence field in reasonable time, we introduce a new 3D variant of Patch Match. A third contribution is a simple, yet effective patch up scaling and merging technique, which predicts sharp object boundaries at the target resolution. We show that our results are highly competitive with those of alternative techniques leveraging even a color image at the target resolution or a database of high-resolution depth exemplars.
Exhaled breath analysis: a review of ‘breath-taking’ methods for off-line analysis (2017)

Breath analysis is an interdisciplinary field of study using clinical, analytical chemistry, data processing, and metabolomics expertise. A move towards standardisation in breath sampling is currently being promoted within the breath research community with a view to harmonising analysis and thereby increasing robustness and inter-laboratory comparisons.
Fast decision on picture adaptive frame/field coding for H.264 (2005)

The new H.264 video coding standard supports picture and macroblock level adaptive frame/field coding, which can improve coding efficiency when coding interlaced sequences. A good design of an encoder needs to support all these modes and be able to decide which one is the most appropriate mode for encoding a macroblock or picture. It could be argued that the optimal solution can be found by employing a multi-pass strategy, that is to encode a macroblock or picture using all possible coding modes, and by selecting the one that yields the best coding performance. Unfortunately the computational complexity of such a multi-pass encoder is relatively high. In this paper, we propose a novel single-pass algorithm based on motion activity detection. The proposed scheme is performed in a pre-analysis stage and can reduce complexity by approximately 40%-60% compared to the two-pass frame/field encoder, while maintaining similar coding efficiency.
A NOx Sensor for Feedback Control and Emissions Reduction (2002)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Current emission control systems utilize a catalytic converter employing a three-way catalyst (TWC), composed of a mixture of noble metals to minimize the three main pollutant classes of NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;, CO, and HC. The TWC is most efficient when the air-to-fuel ratio (A/F) is at stoichiometry (i.e. A/F ≈ 14.7). The stoichiometric set-point region is maintained by the use of oxygen sensors composed of the solid-electrolyte yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) in an electronic feedback loop. As combustion gets leaner a different exhaust sensor can be utilized to give a measure of the level of pollutants. A NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; sensor is an alternative for an oxygen sensor that can be used for feedback control of engine combustion or exhaust NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; traps. A solid electrolyte disk composed of YSZ having two Pt electrodes with one being covered by a microporous zeolite material was tested as a sensor for combustion produced gases such as NO and NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; in the presence of O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;. At 500°C it was found that the sensor responded to the NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; gases and was hardly affected by changing O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; levels in the range of 1-10%. A modified sensor design was used in a prototype assembly constructed to allow &lt;i&gt;in-situ&lt;/i&gt; testing in an I-4 automobile engine when the engine cycle was perturbed. The sensor showed a response with changing gas concentrations and was correlated with an on-line FTIR gas analyzer. The sensor assembly design may show promise for catalytic converter monitoring or engine control diagnostics.&lt;/div&gt;
Specifying data availability in multi-device file systems (1991)

article Specifying data availability in multi-device file systems Share on Authors: John Wilkes Concurrent Systems Project, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA Concurrent Systems Project, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto, CAView Profile , Raymie Stata Concurrent Systems Project, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA Concurrent Systems Project, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems ReviewVolume 25Issue 1Jan. 1991 pp 56–59https://doi.org/10.1145/122140.122145Published:02 January 1991 13citation112DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations13Total Downloads112Last 12 Months1Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
TRPC1 regulates brown adipose tissue activity in a PPARγ-dependent manner (2018)

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has the unique ability to convert energy stored in the form of triglycerides into heat. This property makes BAT a target tissue to increase energy expenditure and improve systemic metabolic control. TRPC1 is a founding member of the TRP protein family that also includes several temperature sensitive channels. We show that TRPC1 is highly expressed in all adipocyte depots including BAT and that Trpc1-deficient mice are prone to weight gain and manifest reduced metabolic control. We also demonstrate that knockdown of TRPC1 in cultured brown adipocytes leads to a downregulation of several metabolic genes, including UCP1 and PPARγ, as well as upregulation of a BAT-specific thermosensitive channel TRPV2, ultimately resulting in impaired respiratory function. We also show that TRPC1 is a possible target of PPARγ, suggesting that TRPC1 is a downstream component of a mechanism that translates metabolic or environmental stimuli into output in the form of BAT activity. Better understanding of the possible role of TRPC1 and other TRP channels in body temperature regulation and BAT function may help us to develop obesity therapies based on BAT activation.
Subspace Modeling for Fast Out-Of-Distribution and Anomaly Detection (2022)

This paper presents a fast, principled approach for detecting anomalous and out-of-distribution (OOD) samples in deep neural networks (DNN). We propose the application of linear statistical dimensionality reduction techniques on the semantic features produced by a DNN, in order to capture the low-dimensional subspace truly spanned by said features. We show that the feature reconstruction error (FRE), which is the ℓ <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> -norm of the difference between the original feature in the high-dimensional space and the pre-image of its low-dimensional reduced embedding, is highly effective for OOD and anomaly detection. To generalize to intermediate features produced at any given layer, we extend the methodology by applying nonlinear kernel-based methods. Experiments using standard image datasets and DNN architectures demonstrate that our method meets or exceeds best-in-class quality performance, but at a fraction of the computational and memory cost required by the state of the art. It can be trained and run very efficiently, even on a traditional CPU.
A Fine-Grained Programmable Logic Module with Small Amount of Configuration Data for Dynamically Reconfigurable Field-Programmable Gate Array (2003)

Dynamically customizable and reconfigurable hardware architecture for a specific task on demand is one of the most important issues to bring out a novel-computing paradigm in the era of system LSIs. Our target is to realize a flexible processor which is a kind of dynamically reconfigurable field-programmable gate array (FPGA) and is able to execute signal processing while reading the next configuration data (CD) simultaneously. In order to realize the flexible processor, since the amount of CD is enormous in conventional FPGAs, it is necessary to reduce the amount of CD as much as possible. In this paper, we propose a newly developed programmable logic module that can reduce the amount of CD to no less than 86% of that for the conventional Look Up Table (LUT)-based programmable logic module.
Ephemeral Biometrics: What are they and what do they solve?. (2016)

Abstract not provided.
The Effect of Image Quality on the Assessment of Child Abuse Photographs (2013)

Higher-quality images improved accuracy. An examiner's impression that an image is adequate did not guarantee an accurate interpretation. Reliance on photographs alone is not sufficiently accurate in the assessment of cutaneous trauma.
Functional imaging of the vascular bed by dynamic optical tomography (2004)

In this report we present a brief outline of our technological approaches to developing a comprehensive imaging platform suitable for the investigation of the dynamics of the hemoglobin signal in large tissue structures using NIRS imaging techniques. Our approach includes a combined hardware and software development effort that provides for i) hardware integration, ii) system calibration, iii) data integrity checks, iv) image recovery, v) image enhancement and vi) signal processing. Presented are representative results obtained from human subjects that explore the sensitivity and other capabilities of the measuring system to detect focal hemodynamic responses in the head, breast and limb of volunteers. Results obtained support the contention that time-series NIRS imaging is a powerful and sensitive technique for exploring the hemodynamics of healthy and diseased tissues.
Synthesis and characterization of aromatic and brominated aromatic polycarbonates by two-phase phase-transfer-catalyzed polycondensation of bisphenols with trichloromethyl chloroformate (1997)

Aromatic and brominated aromatic homopolycarbonates were synthesized by the two-phase phase-transfer-catalyzed polycondensation of bisphenols with trichloromethyl chloroformate at 25°C. The infrared spectra, inherent viscosity, x-ray diffraction, solubility, contact angle, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and limiting oxygen index (LOI) of all polycarbonates were measured. Polycarbonates of moderate or large molar mass with inherent viscosities up to 0.77 dL/g were obtained in high yields with tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) as a catalyst, sodium hydroxide as a base, and 1,2-dichloroethane as solvent. The brominated polycarbonates have good flame retardency, as indicated by LOI values. The x-ray diffraction diagram showed that all polycarbonates were semicrystalline. The polycarbonate (PC-2) based on bisphenol S has greater crystallinity than the others because of the sulfonyl group, which has a small van der Waals radius. The incorporation of the bromine atoms (PC-4-PC-6) on the ring decreased the crystallinity. Almost all polymers were soluble in DMF, pyridine, and phenol, but insoluble in acetone and m-cresol. Solubility increased remarkably with bromine substitution. The contact angles of polycarbonates (PC-1-PC-3) lie in the of range 82 to 97 degrees greater than that of brominated polycarbonates (PC-4-PC-6). The wettability of the homopolycarbonate based on bisphenol S is greater than that of polycarbonates derived from bisphenol A and bisphenol AF. Tg of polycarbonates lies in the range 141–206°C, although Tg of polycarbonate based on bisphenol S was not detected. Tg of brominated polycarbonates was remarkably greater than that of unbrominated polycarbonates. These polymers obtained from aromatic bisphenols lost no mass below 341°C, but 10% loss of mass was recorded above 396°C in nitrogen. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkylphenols from the Roots of Ardisia brevicaulis Induce G1 Arrest and Apoptosis Through Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway in Human Non‐Small‐Cell Lung Cancer Cells. (2013)

Abstract Two new alkylphenol derivatives, ardisiphenol E (Ia) and F (Ib), are isolated along with the known ardisiphenol D.
A cost-efficient dynamic Ternary CAM in 130 nm CMOS technology with planar complementary capacitors and TSR architecture (2004)

A novel dynamic Ternary-CAM (TCAM) architecture with transparently scheduled refresh, address-input-free writing and planar complementary capacitors is proposed. The planar dynamic concept allows small TCAM cell size of 4.79 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ in a 130 nm CMOS technology that is about half of the static TCAM cell size, and the complementary capacitors improve the stability of conventional-DRAM-based TCAM cells. Transparently scheduled refresh and address-input-free writing make the proposed TCAM especially attractive for classifying applications in network routers.
Ultrafast deep UV Lithography with excimer lasers (1982)

The use of high-power pulsed excimer lasers for photolithography is described for the first time. Short exposure times, high resolution and absence of speckle are experimentally demonstrated. Using a XeCl laser at 308 nm and a KrF laser at 248 nm, excellent quality images are obtained by contact printing in two positive photoresists. Resolution down to 1000 line-pairs/mm is demonstrated. These images are comparable to state-of-the-art lithography done with conventional lamps; the major difference is that the excimer laser technique is ∼ 2 orders of magnitude faster. Preliminary results on reciprocity behavior in several resists are also presented.
ChemInform Abstract: SELECTIVE PHOTOAGGREGATION OF METAL ATOMS TO SMALL BIMETALLIC CLUSTERS OF KNOWN SIZE. THE CHROMIUM‐MOLYBDENUM SYSTEM CRNMOM (1978)

Abstract Cr‐ und Mo‐Atome werden durch gemeinsames Ausfrieren bei 12 K in einer Kr‐Matrix feinverteilt (Cr/Mo/Kr= l/1/10) und die optischen Absorptionsspektren aufgenommen.
Effective conductivity of dispersions of spheres with a superconducting interface (1997)

We consider the problem of exactly determining the effective thermal conductivity, σeff, of a composite material consisting of periodic or random arrays of spheres which possess superconducting interfaces. This requires the solution of the local temperature field in which there is a jump in the normal component of the heat flux across the sphere–matrix interface. The strength of this interface is characterized by a dimensionless parameter C ≥ 0 such that C = 0 corresponds to the usual perfect interface case. An approximate formula for the effective conductivity, σeff, compares favourably with our results for a wide range of sphere volume fractions, phase conductivity ratios, and values of the interfacial strength C.
Cross‐Talk between CTGF and TGF‐β1 in Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) Condensation (2007)

The aggregation of MSC is critical for chondrocyte differentiation. TGF‐β1 acts to promote MSC condensation, proliferation and differentiation. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is matricellular protein expressed in MSC condensation and regulates matrix production and differentiation. Previous studies showed that CTGF acts downstream mediator of TGF‐β1‐induced MSC condensation and silencing of CTGF expression inhibits MSC condensation induced by TGF‐β1. Here we examined the crosstalk between CTGF and TGF‐β1 to stimulate MSC condensation. We assessed MSC condensation induced by TGF‐β1 using C3H10T1/2 cells infected with either adenovirus expressing GFP (control) or GFP‐CTGF. CTGF overexpression inhibited TGF‐β1‐induced MSC condensation when compared to controls. These data suggest that CTGF expression is tightly regulated during MSC condensation. Next, we examined the MAP Kinase family to elucidate the inhibitory effect of CTGF on MSC condensation induced by TGF‐β1. Phosphorylated P38, Junk and Erk were increased in the GFP infected MCS treated with TGF‐β1. However, MSC infected with GFP‐CTGF and treated with TGF‐β1 showed only an increase in phosphorylated Jnk and Erk but not P38. These findings indicate that p38 MAPK may mediate MSC condensation by TGF‐β1. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the role of P38 in mediating CTGF/TGF‐β1 effects on MSC condensation.
Sulfonic acid polymer–densely grafted poly(ethersulfone)s for a highly proton‐conducting membrane (2011)

Proton‐conducting polyelectrolytes were prepared by densely grafting novel sulfonic acid polymers, poly(styrenesulfamide acid) (PSA) and poly(vinylsulfonic acid) (PVS), on the azo‐initiator‐modified poly(ethersulfone) (PSU). The grafted PSUs provided both a high ion‐exchange capacity (IEC) and a good membrane formability. The proton‐conductivities of the PSA‐ g ‐PSU and PVS‐ g ‐PSU membranes were 8.2 and 21 mS cm −1 , respectively, at 90°C under a hydrated condition, and 4.1 and 1.7 mS cm −1 , respectively, at 150°C under a nonhumidified condition. The latter conductivities were significantly higher than that of Nafion® 117 (0.03 mS cm −1 at 150°C), which was ascribed to both the strong acidity of the graft chains even under the water‐free state and the high IEC of the densely grafted membrane. They remained constant for over 1 week at 150°C. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.