gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Feasibility and methodology of optical coherence tomography imaging of human intracranial aneurysms: ex vivo pilot study (2012)

Rupture of intracranial aneurysm is a common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage. An aneurysm may undergo microscopic morphological changes or remodeling of the vessel wall prior to rupture, which could potentially be imaged. In this study we present methods of tissue sample preparation of intracranial aneurysms and correlation between optical coherence tomography imaging and routine histology. OCT has a potential future in the assessment of microscopic features of aneurysms, which may correlate to the risk of rupture.
Highly Conductive Anion-Exchange Membranes Based on Cross-Linked Poly(norbornene): Vinyl Addition Polymerization (2019)

Cross-linked (XL) anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) synthesized by vinyl addition polymerization of norbornene were prepared for use in anion-exchange membrane electrochemical devices, including fuel cells and electrolyzers. Tetrablock copolymers composed of an all-hydrocarbon backbone with a very high ion-exchange capacity (IEC), 3.46 mequiv/g, were synthesized. Light cross-linking was found to be adequate for providing critical control over unwanted water uptake. This enabled use of very high IEC membranes. Without light cross-linking, the unwanted water uptake would cause swelling and softening of the membrane. The best performing membrane had no significant drop in ionic conductivity over 1000 h of aging in 1 M NaOH at 80 °C and a record high ionic conductivity of 198 mS/cm at 80 °C (for a chemically stable AEM). The number of bound and free water molecules per ion pair is described along with ion mobility comparisons to previous materials. The membranes are suitable for electrochemical devices and were used in AEM fuel cells.
In Situ Optical Quantification of Extracellular Electron Transfer Using Plasmonic Metal Oxide Nanocrystals** (2021)

Abstract Extracellular electron transfer (EET) is a critical form of microbial metabolism that enables respiration on a variety of inorganic substrates, including metal oxides. However, quantifying current generated by electroactive bacteria has been predominately limited to biofilms formed on electrodes. To address this, we developed a platform for quantifying EET flux from cell suspensions using aqueous dispersions of infrared plasmonic tin‐doped indium oxide nanocrystals. Tracking the change in optical extinction during electron transfer enabled quantification of current generated by planktonic Shewanella oneidensis cultures. Using this method, we differentiated between starved and actively respiring cells, cells of varying genotype, and cells engineered to differentially express a key EET gene using an inducible genetic circuit. Overall, our results validate the utility of colloidally stable plasmonic metal oxide nanocrystals as quantitative biosensors in aqueous environments and contribute to a fundamental understanding of planktonic S. oneidensis electrophysiology using simple in situ spectroscopy.
Chemical simulation of hypoxia in donor cells improves development of somatic cell nuclear transfer‐derived embryos and increases abundance of transcripts related to glycolysis (2020)

To improve efficiency of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), it is necessary to modify differentiated donor cells to become more amendable for reprogramming by the oocyte cytoplasm. A key feature that distinguishes somatic/differentiated cells from embryonic/undifferentiated cells is cellular metabolism, with somatic cells using oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) while embryonic cells utilize glycolysis. Inducing metabolic reprogramming in donor cells could improve SCNT efficiency by priming cells to become more embryonic in nature before SCNT hypoxia inducible factor 1-α (HIF1-α), a transcription factor that allows for cell survival in low oxygen, promotes a metabolic switch from OXPHOS to glycolysis. We hypothesized that chemically stabilizing HIF1-α in donor cells by use of the hypoxia mimetic, cobalt chloride (CoCl<sub>2</sub> ), would promote this metabolic switch in donor cells and subsequently improve the development of SCNT embryos. Donor cell treatment with 100 µM CoCl<sub>2</sub> for 24 hr preceding SCNT upregulated messenfer RNA abundance of glycolytic enzymes, improved SCNT development to the blastocyst stage and quality, and affected gene expression in the blastocysts. After transferring blastocysts created from CoCl<sub>2</sub> -treated donor cells to surrogates, healthy cloned piglets were produced. Therefore, shifting metabolism toward glycolysis in donor cells by CoCl<sub>2</sub> treatment is a simple, economical way of improving the in vitro efficiency of SCNT and is capable of producing live animals.
Metabolomic analysis of platelets during storage: a comparison between apheresis‐ and buffy coat–derived platelet concentrates (2014)

This study demonstrated two discrete metabolic phenotypes in stored PLTs prepared with both apheresis and buffy coat methods. PLT activation occurs during the first metabolic phenotype and might lead to a low reproducibility of the apheresis PCs.
A MICROBIAL POLYMER THAT CHANGES THE SURFACE PROPERTIES OF LIMESTONE: EFFECT OF BIODISPERSAN IN GRINDING LIMESTONE AND MAKING PAPER (1989)

ABSTRACT Biodispersan is an anionic heteropolysaccharide produced by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus A2, which is effective in dispersing limestone. The results presented in this report indicate that Biodispersan is also effective as a grinding aid. In laboratory ball mill experiments, addition of O·1% Biodispersan decreased by half the time necessary to grind limestone to fine particles. The Biodispersan-ground limestone was successfully used as a filler in paper made in the laboratory. These results indicate potential industrial uses for this new microbially-produced polymer.
Centrifugal fluidized combustion of coal. Quarterly report, October--December 1977 (1978)

Experiments were performed on the continuous feed and removal of solids, where solids are fed to the bed from a feed nozzle located in the freeboard region of the test section and the material is removed through slots in the bottom end wall of the rotating chamber. The experiments indicate that with these techniques it is possible to feed and remove solids and achieve a stable bed thickness after a transient start-up period. The area of the discharge holes was sufficiently large so that the bed thickness was constant over the entire range of feed rates. Additional work is needed now to determine the influence of discharge geometry on discharge rate. Work is also needed on the solids feed system to determine the effects of location and orientation of the feed nozzle and velocity of the feed stream on solids feeding.
[Correlation between intracellular alkaline phosphatase activities and incidence of toxic granules in neutrophilia]. (1990)

We examined the intracellular alkaline phosphatase (NIAP) activities in peripheral neutrophils in 15 healthy subjects and 15 patients with inflammatory diseases, and compared them with the percentages of neutrophils with cytoplasmic toxic granules (NTG), which is thought to be induced by infection. NIAP activities were markedly increased in patients and significantly correlated with the percentages of NTG. These data indicate that measurement of NIAP activity is useful for the diagnosis of infections and/or inflammatory diseases.
v.40, n.7, p.1485-1491, jul, 2010 (2010)

Made available in DSpace on 2012-03-26T03:24:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1\nart_TSUMANUMA_v40_n7_p1485-1491_jul_2010_2010.pdf: 7986 bytes, checksum: e404d4096f273f4727b36934f09929e6 (MD5)\n Previous issue date: 2010
[Points of revision of the guideline JSLM 2012]. (2014)

The revised version of the guideline JSLM 2012 was published in December 2012 by the Japanese Society of Laboratory Medicine. This version included new sections, such as blood gas analysis, sleep apnea syndrome, interstitial lung disease, liver and pancreas cancer, chronic kidney disease, acute kidney disease, gout and hyperuricemia, bone metabolism abnormality, malignant lymphoma, and rheumatoid arthritis. The guideline committee was composed of specialists in each field of internal medicine, who were responsible for selecting and requesting the authors and also in promoting and proofreading the manuscripts. In special program I at the 60th annual meeting, each specialist gave lectures concerning the points of the revision in their fields. The questionnaire surveys were performed using FAX or the Internet. Analysis of eighty-seven (2.5%) responses from 3,500 individuals/facilities, which were sent the guideline, revealed that this guideline was graded as excellent by 38 readers, fair by 42, and average by in 6. Significant opinions on the guideline were obtained from the readers, and they will be the bases for the next revision. The main subjects of this guideline were confirmed to be the residents and general physicians, by whom it is hoped the routine laboratory tests will be properly utilized. Therefore, based on the section of 'approach of the laboratory test results', which is a representative characteristic of this guideline, the sections of 'symptoms' will be fulfilled for the next version. This guideline needs to be periodically revised with advances in medicine.
(Invited) Developments in Integrated On-Chip Inductors with Magnetic Yokes (2013)

Thin-film ferromagnetic inductors show great potential as the energy storage element for integrated circuits containing on-chip power management. In order to achieve the high energy storage required for power management, on-chip inductors require relatively thick magnetic yoke materials ({greater than or equal to} a micron). The first part of this paper includes a review of on-chip inductors with magnetic materials from earlier studies. The second part describes the fabrication and characterization of a magnetic inductor on a silicon interposer at IBM. These inductors contained a variety of yoke geometries, included single-turn and multi-turn coils, and were fabricated on 200mm silicon wafers in a CMOS back-end-of-line (BEOL) facility. Each inductor consisted of electroplated copper coils enclosed by electroplated Ni45Fe55 yokes. Aspects of the fabrication of the inductors are described, along with the magnetic properties of the electroplated yoke material and inductor performance.
The role of endothelin-1 produced by insulin in the regulation of cell growth and renin-angiotensin system in endothelial cells (2001)

one follow up visit. Baseline blood pressure [BP] averaged 177/105 mmHg while taking an average of 3.7 BP medications. Serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate [EGFR] averaged 1.2 mg/dL and 73.4 mL/min/1.73m 2 , respectively. Baseline weight and body mass index [BMI] were 228 pounds and 36 kg/m 2 , respectively. Baseline C-peptide, urine albumin: creatinine ratio,and glycated hemoglobin averaged 3.1 ng/dL, 280 mg/g, and 12%, respectively. BP response was determined by the average of systolic or diastolic BP at all follow-up visits minus baseline BP as well as by the percent of individuals achieving their JNC VI BP goal (130/85 or 125/75 mmHg if proteinuria 1g/24 hr). We examined the impact of a number of variables on both systolic BP response [SBPR] and diastolic BP response [DBPR] responses to therapy. Exploratory linear regression analyses were performed to identify correlates of BP response. Each variable was linked to SBPR and DBPR after adjustment for age, race, sex and baseline BP. Variables considered in addition to age, race, sex, and baseline BP included glycated hemoglobin, urine albumin:creatinine ratio, baseline urinary sodium:creatinine ratio, baseline BMI, number of baseline medications, number of follow-up medications and C-peptide. Analyses were considered potentially significant if multiple adjusted regression coefficients were p .05. Variables predicting greater SBPR included higher baseline SBP while two others were borderline significant -total number of follow-up visits (p.06) and male sex (p.07). Variables predicting greater DBPR included higher baseline DBP and advanced age. Baseline urinary albumin:creatinine ratio correlated inversely with DBPR. These preliminary analyses in a small sample of predominantly African-American hypertensives with type 2 diabetes (limited statistical power) suggest a gender disparity in SBPR. In addition, the inverse correlation between urinary albumin:creatinine ratio and DBPR to antihypertensive drug therapy provides a plausible mechanism to explain, at least in part, why higher urine albumin excretion has been linked to a higher risk of cardiovascular events.
Orientation Mapping by Electron Channeling (OMEC) and Hybrid Stage/Beam-Rocked Electron Channeling Patterns (2018)

Orientation mapping of bulk, polycrystalline materials by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) has become an important and relatively pervasive analytical tool to link microstructure to material properties and performance. In contrast, techniques based on electron channeling such as selected area channeling patterns (SACP) and electron channeling contrast imaging (ECCI) have been relegated to mostly niche applications. The primary driver for this is the rapid development of EBSD over the past two decades to improve pattern acquisition speeds, indexing accuracy and general usability for orientation mapping and phase identification. This is largely driven by advances in computational capabilities, but similar advances have yet to find application in the generation of electron channeling patterns (ECP), as the acquisition of which has traditionally required specialized electron optics and provides limited spatial resolution and angular field-of-view. This is despite significant potential advantages of electron channeling techniques, including the direct visualization of dislocations and strain analysis via HOLZ lines. In this work, we present the development of a stage-rocked method for generating ECPs, which relies on automated imaging at a range of different sample orientations followed by computational image alignment, segmentation and ECP extraction.
Degradation of Hexagonal Silicon Carbide-based Bipolar Devices (2006)

Silicon carbide displays multiple characteristics that make it ideally suited for efficient high voltage switching devices. However, the commercialization of this technology has been hampered by degradation of SiC p-n junctions due to the expansion of Shockleytype stacking faults. The faults gradually cover most of the junction area and impede current flow. This talk will on physics and materials science of this phenomenon including: properties of faults in hexagonal SiC polytypes and their bounding dislocations, mechanism and driving force for fault expansion, and their nucleation sites. The approaches to materials growth and processing leading to elimination of this effect will be discussed.
Nuclear nonproliferation measurements performed on mixed-oxide fuel pins at the Idaho National Laboratory (2009)

New results are presented on the passive measurement of mixed-oxide fuel pin assemblies. A fast and robust methodology for the characterization of mixed-oxide fuel pins is discussed. Four EJ-309 liquid scintillation detectors coupled with an accurate pulse timing and digital, offline, optimized pulse-shape discrimination method were used. Measurement analysis including pulse-height distributions and time-dependent cross-correlation functions were performed. The use of Monte Carlo particle transport codes, specifically MCNP-PoliMi, is discussed in conjunction with the anticipated measurements.
High contrast chemically amplified 193 nm resist for gigabit dynamic random access memory generation (1999)

Four Gb dynamic access random memory (DRAM) cell patterns which have a 0.12 μm design rule were demonstrated by using a high contrast chemically amplified 193 nm positive resist and high resolution exposure. All critical layers of 4 Gb DRAM, such as isolation, word line, contact hole, bit line, and storage node, were successfully resolved with suitable focus margin. The dissolution contrast of the resist film and the slope of dissolution rate curve were much higher than those of conventional polyhydroxystyrene based chemically amplified KrF positive resist. Moreover, the dry etch resistance of the resist film for both the polysilicon etch and the oxide etch was better than those of KrF resist. These results indicated that this resist material has enough potential for practical use. Furthermore, the resist profile simulation showed that mass production of 4 Gb DRAMs can be achieved by a combination of a high contrast resist and a higher numerical aperture lens under annular illumination.
Via First Technology Development Based on High Aspect Ratio Trenches Filled with Doped Polysilicon (2007)

In this paper a new `via-first' technology which is compatible with CMOS high temperature steps will be presented. This technology is based on filling high aspect ratio trenches with doped polysilicon and thinning the silicon after active device bonding onto a wafer carrier. The initial morphological requirements are described and different designs of TSV are presented. The complete technology for TSV achievement is described in detail and the morphological characterization results are discussed. Finally, electrical results obtained with different vias geometries are presented and compared to initial calculations.
Low field giant magnetoresistance and oscillatory interlayer exchange coupling in polycrystalline and (111)-oriented permalloy/Au multilayers (abstract) (1994)

The existence of oscillatory interlayer exchange coupling of ferromagnetic layers via (111)-oriented noble metal spacer layers is controversial. We present evidence from magnetic and giant magnetoresistance studies for well-defined antiferromagnetic interlayer coupling in single crystalline (111) permalloy/Au multilayers. Four oscillations in the coupling are observed as the Au spacer layer thickness is increased. The oscillation period is ≂10 Å which is significantly shorter than the period of ≂11.5 Å predicted in Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida based models. Similar oscillatory interlayer coupling is found in polycrystalline permalloy/Au multilayers prepared by dc magnetron sputtering. The interlayer coupling strength is significantly weaker in the polycrystalline as compared to the (111)-oriented crystalline samples. In both cases the coupling strength is weaker than in comparable structures containing Ag, for which the coupling is weaker than in similar structures containing Cu. The weakness of the antiferromagnetic interlayer coupling via Au leads to very low saturation fields, lower than for all other noble and transition metals. Indeed, the saturation fields are as low as just a few Oersted for sufficiently thick Au layers. Consequently, we find giant magnetoresistance values of ≂1%/Oe or greater at room temperature in polycrystalline permalloy/Au multilayers. These values are the highest values yet reported in multilayer structures and are comparable to or greater than those recently reported in discontinuous permalloy/Ag multilayers.
Characterization of Ferroelectric Single Crystals With Field Induced Phase Transformations (2012)

As new compositions of single crystal relaxor ferroelectrics are developed, the full thermo-electro-mechanical characterization of each composition and the limitations on linear behavior imposed by field driven phase transformations requires a highly specialized set of experiments. This characterization currently requires two crystal cuts which must each be subjected to five electric field-electric displacement cycles at different stress levels, five stress-strain cycles at different electric field levels, and this process must be repeated at five temperatures. In this document, a new approach to characterizing the linear behavior and phase transformation behavior is proposed based on a combination of a work-energy based model of the driving forces for the phase transformation together with data measured through electrical loading while measuring strain and electric displacement, and a measurement of mechanical compliance.
Surface-emitted THz generation using a compact ultrashort pulse fiber amplifier at 1064 nm (2006)

Generation of InAs-surface-emitted terahertz radiation by application of an ultrashort pulse 1064 nm parabolic fiber amplifier source is reported for the first time. The fiber amplifier delivers 100 fs pulses at a repetition rate of 75 MHz and an average power of maximum 12 W. This new excitation laser for surface-emitters generates high brightness broadband THz radiation ranging from 100 GHz to over 2.5 THz. THz detection is demonstrated based on two-photon absorption at low-temperature-grown GaAs dipole receivers.
Comparative Specular X-ray Reflectivity, Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy, and Incoherent Neutron Scattering Measurements of the Dynamics in Thin Polycarbonate Films (2004)

There are many technological applications using thin polymer films that would be crucially influenced by confinement-induced changes in the transport properties of the film. In the present, we utilize specular X-ray reflectivity (SXR, to measure film thickness h), beam positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS, to measure the nanometer-sized domains of unoccupied volume v), and incoherent neutron scattering (INS, to measure the mean-square atomic displacements 〈u2〉) to quantify the influence of film thickness in thin polycarbonate (PC) films. The thermal expansion coefficients of both h and v, as well as the amplitudes of 〈u2〉, indicate that thin film confinement affects reduced molecular mobility in PC. This reduced mobility is not necessarily reflected in the apparent glass transition temperature (Tg) derived from the same techniques. Specifically, SXR and PALS indicate a weak suppression of apparent Tg (the kink in the thermal expansion curve) when the film thickness becomes less than 200 Å, which should not be interpreted to imply enhanced mobility. The INS measurements confirm this by demonstrating that the kink in 〈u2〉 vs T (designated operationally as Tg) tends to disappear, possibly even increasing to higher T for film thinner than 500 Å. The reduced thermal motion can nominally be parametrized in terms of an immobilized region next to the rigid substrate, extending approximately 40−130 Å into the film, depending on the measurement technique and temperature range.
Supplementary Table 1 from Combining Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Vorinostat with Aurora Kinase Inhibitors Enhances Lymphoma Cell Killing with Repression of c-Myc, hTERT, and microRNA Levels (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from Combining Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Vorinostat with Aurora Kinase Inhibitors Enhances Lymphoma Cell Killing with Repression of c-Myc, hTERT, and microRNA Levels
Simple In-Line EUV Pulse Characterization (2002)

We have developed a simple design for an in‐line apparatus to measure the spectral and temporal characteristics of an EUV pulse. The apparatus can be used in front of an experiment without disrupting the beam.