gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DMAb inoculation of synthetic cross reactive antibodies protects against lethal influenza A and B infections (2017)

Influenza virus remains a significant public health threat despite innovative vaccines and antiviral drugs. A major limitation to current vaccinations and therapies against influenza virus is pathogenic diversity generated by shift and drift. A simple, cost-effective passive immunization strategy via in vivo production of cross-protective antibody molecules may augment existing vaccines and antiviral drugs in seasonal and pandemic outbreaks. We engineered synthetic plasmid DNA to encode two novel and broadly cross-protective monoclonal antibodies targeting influenza A and B. We utilized enhanced in vivo delivery of these plasmid DNA-encoded monoclonal antibody (DMAb) constructs and show that this strategy induces robust levels of functional antibodies directed against influenza A and B viruses in mouse sera. Mice receiving a single inoculation with anti-influenza A DMAb survive lethal Group 1 H1 and Group 2 H3 influenza A challenges, while inoculation with anti-influenza B DMAb yields protection against lethal Victoria and Yamagata lineage influenza B morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, these two DMAbs can be delivered coordinately resulting in exceptionally broad protection against both influenza A and B. We demonstrate this protection is similar to that achieved by conventional protein antibody delivery. DMAbs warrant further investigation as a novel immune therapy platform with distinct advantages for sustained immunoprophylaxis against influenza.
Highly efficient dual-level grating couplers for silicon nitride photonics (2022)

We propose and numerically demonstrate a versatile strategy that allows designing highly efficient dual-level grating couplers in different silicon nitride-based photonic platforms. The proposed technique, which can generally be applied to an arbitrary silicon nitride film thickness, is based on the simultaneous optimization of two grating coupler levels to obtain high directionality and grating-fibre mode matching at the same time. This is achieved thanks to the use of two different linear apodizations, with opposite signs, applied to the two grating levels, whose design parameters are determined by using a particle swarm optimization method. Numerical simulations were carried out considering different silicon nitride platforms with 150, 300, 400 and 500 nm thicknesses and initially employing silicon as the material for the top level grating coupler. The use of Si-rich silicon nitride with a refractive index in the range 2.7-3.3 for the top layer material enabled to obtain similar performance (coupling efficiency exceeding - 0.45 dB for the 400 nm thick silicon nitride platform) with relaxed fabrication tolerances. To the best of our knowledge, these numerical results represent the best performance ever reported in the literature for silicon nitride grating couplers without the use of any back-reflector.
Seeing Within (2004)

Molecular imaging is a rapidly evolving discipline with the goal of developing tools to display and quantify molecular and cellular targets in vivo. The heart of this field is based on the rational design and screening of targeted and activatable imaging reporter agents to sense fundamental processes of biology. Parallel advances in small animal imaging systems and in agent synthesis have allowed molecular imaging applications to extend into the in vivo arena. These advances have permitted, for example, in vivo sensing of inflammation, apoptosis, cell trafficking, and gene expression. In this review, we first review core principles of molecular imaging with an emphasis on smart, activatable agent technology. We then discuss applications of state-of-the-art molecular probes to interrogate important aspects of cardiovascular biology, with a focus on atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and heart failure. In the ensuing years, we anticipate that fundamental aspects of cardiovascular biology will be detectable in vivo, and that promising molecular imaging agents will be translated into the clinical arena to guide diagnosis and therapy of human cardiovascular illness.
EXAFS study of the carbon monoxide adsorption-induced morphology change in ruthenium clusters supported on alumina (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEXAFS study of the carbon monoxide adsorption-induced morphology change in ruthenium clusters supported on aluminaTakanori. Mizushima, Kazuyuki. Tohji, Yasuo. Udagawa, and Akifumi. UenoCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 12, 4980–4985Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100375a041https://doi.org/10.1021/j100375a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views291Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Spreadsheet Programming (2009)

Abstract Spreadsheets are among the most widely used programming systems in the world. Individuals and businesses use spreadsheets for a wide variety of applications, ranging from performing simple calculations to building complex financial models. In this article, we first discuss how spreadsheet programs are actually functional programs. We then describe concepts in spreadsheet programming, followed by a brief history of spreadsheet systems. Widespread use of spreadsheets, coupled with their high error‐proneness and the impact of spreadsheet errors, has motivated research into techniques aimed at the prevention, detection, and correction of errors in spreadsheets. We present an overview of research effort that seeks to rectify this problem.
High-Power InGaN Laser Array With Advanced Lateral-Corrugated Waveguides (2021)

Both high-beam-quality and high-power operation of InGaN laser array are realized by lateral-corrugated waveguides (LCWG) with reduced higher-order transverse modes. In our proposed structure, the number of higher-order modes supported by the waveguide and scattered by the LCWG is smaller than that of a conventional LCWG, which suppresses the deterioration of quantum efficiency. This contributes to high-power operation for laser processing, since the maximum output power of an array is sensitive to the efficiency. Even at 55 W from a single InGaN array chip, averaged lateral beam-quality factor of 4.9 is successfully obtained for individual emissions in the array.
Thermally tunable polymer Bragg grating OADMs (2003)

We report the fabrication of tunable Bragg grating optical add/drop multiplexers (OADMs) in polymers. They exhibit 45 dB reflection with strong sidelobe suppression and no cladding-mode coupling, and they are thermally tunable at a rate of -0.256 nm//spl deg/C.
Identification of RSK and TTK as Modulators of Blood Vessel Morphogenesis Using an Embryonic Stem Cell-Based Vascular Differentiation Assay (2016)

Blood vessels are formed through vasculogenesis, followed by remodeling of the endothelial network through angiogenesis. Many events that occur during embryonic vascular development are recapitulated during adult neoangiogenesis, which is critical to tumor growth and metastasis. Current antiangiogenic tumor therapies, based largely on targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway, show limited clinical benefits, thus necessitating the discovery of alternative targets. Here we report the development of a robust embryonic stem cell-based vascular differentiation assay amenable to small-molecule screens to identify novel modulators of angiogenesis. In this context, RSK and TTK were identified as angiogenic modulators. Inhibition of these pathways inhibited angiogenesis in embryoid bodies and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Furthermore, inhibition of RSK and TTK reduced tumor growth, vascular density, and improved survival in an in vivo Lewis lung carcinoma mouse model. Our study suggests that RSK and TTK are potential targets for antiangiogenic therapy, and provides an assay system for further pathway screens.
Lumen Depreciation Diagnosis in Modulated LED Lighting Systems (2013)

Lumen depreciation is the condition that the light output of a light emitting diode (LED) lamp falls below a fraction of its peak output. In LED lighting systems with multiple LED lamps, lumen depreciation leads to undesired distortions in the rendered illumination distribution. Automatic diagnosis of lumen depreciation in LED lighting systems is thus an important problem. We propose an approach to diagnose lumen depreciation in individual LEDs using photosensors by modulating the LED lamp output with a unique identifier and encoding average drive current within, and a carrier sense multiple access on the optical channel. At the photosensor, the received signal is processed in the electrical domain. The average drive current corresponding to an individual LED lamp is extracted and a residual is computed with respect to a nominal value. A threshold detector based on testing the mean change of the residual signal is used to diagnose lumen depreciation of the LED lamps.
Range-separated hybrid functionals for mixed dimensional heterojunctions: Application to phthalocyanines/MoS2 (2021)

We analyze the electronic structure and level alignment of transition-metal phthalocyanine (MPc) molecules adsorbed on two-dimensional MoS2 employing density functional theory (DFT) calculations. We develop a procedure for multi-objective optimal tuning of parameters of range-separated hybrid functionals in these mixed-dimensional systems. Using this procedure, which leads to the asymptotically correct exchange–correlation potential between molecules and two-dimensional materials, we obtain electronic structures consistent with experimental photoemission results for both energy level alignment and electronic bandgaps, representing a significant advance compared to standard DFT methods. We elucidate the MoS2 valence resonance with the transition-metal phthalocyanine non-frontier 3d orbitals and its dependence on the transition-metal atomic number. Based on our calculations, we derive parameter-free model self-energy corrections that quantitatively account for the effects of the heterogeneous dielectric environment on the electronic structure of these mixed-dimensional heterojunctions.
Cost Comparison of Hierarchical Optical Cross-Connect Architectures for Spatial Channel Networks (SCNs) (2018)

Hierarchical optical cross-connect architectures that support spatial channels and optical channels are compared in terms of required number of optical components and total costs as a function of the number of spatial lanes per link.
Bimetallic or trimetallic materials with structural metal centers based on Mn, Fe or V (Final Technical Report) (2013)

Bimetallic or trimetallic materials with structural metal centers based on Mn, Fe or V were investigated under this project. These metal centers are the focus of this research as they have high earth abundance and have each shown success as cathode materials in lithium batteries. Silver ion, Ag{sup +}, was initially selected as the displacement material as reduction of this center should result in increased conductivity as Ag{sup 0} metal particles are formed in-situ upon electrochemical reduction. The in-situ formation of metal nanoparticles upon electrochemical reduction has been previously noted, and more recently, we have investigated the resulting increase in conductivity. Layered materials as well as materials with tunnel or channel type structures were selected. Layered materials are of interest as they can provide 2-dimensional ion mobility. Tunnel or channel structures are also of interest as they provide a rigid framework that should remain stable over many discharge/charge cycles. We describe some examples of materials we have synthesized that demonstrate promising electrochemistry.
Supramolecular Polymers – we've Come Full Circle (2020)

Abstract Since the first polymers were discovered, scientists have debated their structures. Before Hermann Staudinger published the brilliant concept of macromolecules, polymer properties were generally believed to be based on the colloidal aggregation of small particles or molecules. From 1920 onwards, polymers and macromolecules are synonymous with each other; i. e. materials made by many covalent bonds connecting monomers in 2 or 3 dimensions. Although supramolecular interactions between macromolecular chains are evidently important, e. g. in nylons, it was unheard of to proposing polymeric materials based on the interaction of small molecules. Breakthroughs in supramolecular chemistry, however, showed that polymer materials can be made by small molecules using strong directional secondary interactions; the field of supramolecular polymers emerged. In a way, we have come full circle. In this essay we give a personal story about the birth of supramolecular polymers, with special emphasis on their structures, way of formation, and the dynamic nature of their bonding. The adaptivity of supramolecular polymers has become a major asset for novel applications, e. g. in the direction for the sustainable use of polymers, but also in biomedicine and electronics as well as self‐healing materials. The lessons learned in the past years include aspects that forecast a bright future for the use of supramolecular interactions in polymer materials in general and for supramolecular polymers in particular. In order to give full tribute to Staudinger in the year celebrating 100 years of macromolecules, we will show that many of the concepts of macromolecular polymers apply to supramolecular polymers, with only one important difference with fascinating consequences: the dynamic nature of the bonds that form polymer chains.
Hepatitis Delta Infections in Toronto, Ontario (1988)

This study assessed the prevalence of hepatitis delta virus infection, the relation of this infection to the clinical and histological status and to the geographic origin of 216 patients with hepatitis B virus infection in Toronto, Ontario. Evidence of delta infection was present in 13 of the 216 patients (6.0%). It was more common in patients with acute hepatitis (11.1%) and with chronic hepatitis (16.7%) than in asymptomatic carriers (3.6%). It was not present in the three patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. The clinical course of the two patients with acute hepatitis and delta markers was similar to patients with hepatitis B alone and both made a complete recovery. Of the five patients with chronic liver disease and delta markers, three had severe chronic active hepatitis. Three of the 13 patients with delta infection were born in Canada. All three patients were intravenous drug abusers. Of the 10 patients not born in Canada, eight were immigrants from countries where delta infection is endemic. The remaining two were from West Germany and China. From this study it was concluded that, in Toronto, delta infection was more common in patients with acute and chronic hepatitis B than in asymptomatic carriers. Patients with both acute hepatitis Band delta infection had a similar clinical course to patients with acute hepatitis B alone. Patients with chronic hepatitis B and delta infection frequently had severe chronic active hepatitis. In Canadian‐born patients delta infection was present in intravenous drug abusers only. Most immigrants with evidence of delta infection came from countries where delta is endemic.
High-performance RF components using capacitively-coupled contacts over III-N heterostructures (2013)

We report a novel type of RF component using two-terminal III-Nitride heterostructure varactor with capacitively-coupled contacts (C3) which can be used as a RF switch as well as a power limiter(PL) or other control device type. This C <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> varactor consists of two electrodes deposited on top of an AIGaN/GaN heterostructure forming capacitors between the electrode and the 2DEG channel. C <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> electrodes allow for efficient RF signal injection into the 2DEG channel with low equivalent impedance at high frequencies. The C <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> varactor has simple planar structure fully compatible with MMICs. The GaN C <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> varactors have significant advantages over GaN heterostructure field-effect transistors (HFETs) as they allow for shorter channel, do not have gates or ohmic contacts and hence the fabrication is alignment- and anneal - free, they do not consume DC current and provide the DC block. The fabricated SPST C <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> switch exhibits 0.8 dB insertion loss and 27 dB isolation at 18 GHz. The maximum switching power extrapolated from 2 GHz data is around 38 dBm. The fabricated varactor PLs show 0.2-0.7 dB loss and limiting powers in the range from 17 to 40 dBm. The C <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> PL shows superior performance compared to other known types, e.g. Schottky diode PLs. The fabricated C <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> PLs and switches showed the output power variations within 0.5 dB during 100 hours 24 dBm CW stress. They also demonstrated as low as 0.5 dB loss degradation at 2000 C as compared to the room temperature performance.
Krylov Subspace Iterations for Deterministick-Eigenvalue Calculations (2004)

AbstractThe Implicitly Restarted Arnoldi Method (IRAM), a Krylov subspace iterative method, applied to k-eigenvalue calculations for criticality problems in deterministic transport codes is discussed. A computationally efficient alternative to the power iteration method that is typically used for such problems, the IRAM not only finds the largest eigenvalue but also several additional higher order eigenvectors with little extra computational cost. Implementation requires only modest changes to existing power iteration coding present in an SN transport program. Numerical results are presented for three-dimensional SN transport on unstructured tetrahedral meshes to compare the IRAM results with those computed using the traditional, unaccelerated power iteration method. The results indicate that the IRAM can be an efficient and powerful technique, especially for problems with dominance ratios approaching unity.
Table S5 from IL1 Receptor Antagonist Controls Transcriptional Signature of Inflammation in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Clinical outcome in clinical trial&lt;/p&gt;
Solid-Phase Synthesis of Megamolecules (2020)

This paper presents a solid-phase strategy to efficiently assemble multiprotein scaffolds-known as megamolecules-without the need for protecting groups and with precisely defined nanoscale architectures. The megamolecules are assembled through sequential reactions of linkers that present irreversible inhibitors for enzymes and fusion proteins containing the enzyme domains. Here, a fusion protein containing an N-terminal cutinase and a C-terminal SnapTag domain react with an ethyl <i>p</i>-nitrophenyl phosphonate (pNPP) or a chloro-pyrimidine (CP) group, respectively, to give covalent products. By starting with resin beads that are functionalized with benzylguanine, a series of reactions lead to linear, branched, and dendritic structures that are released from the solid support by addition of TEV protease and that have sizes up to approximately 25 nm.
Sparse Matrix-Vector Multiplication for Finite Element Method Matrices on FPGAs (2006)

The paper presents an architecture and an implementation of an FPGA-based sparse matrix-vector multiplier (SMVM) for use in the iterative solution of large, sparse systems of equations arising from finite element method (FEM) applications. The architecture is based on a pipelined linear array of processing elements (PEs). A hardware-oriented matrix "striping" scheme is developed which reduces the number of required processing elements. The current 8 PE prototype achieves a peak performance of 1.76 GFLOPS and a sustained performance of 1.5 GFLOPS with 8 GB/s of memory bandwidth. The SMVM-pipeline uses 30% of the logic resources and 40% of the memory resources of a Stratix S80 FPGA. By virtue of the local interconnect between the PEs, the SMVM-pipeline obtain scalability features that is only limited by FPGA resources instead of the communication overhead
SuperMind: a survey of the potential of superconducting electronics for neuromorphic computing (2022)

Abstract Neuromorphic computing is a broad field that uses biological inspiration to address computing design. It is being pursued in many hardware technologies, both novel and conventional. We discuss the use of superconductive electronics for neuromorphic computing and why they are a compelling technology for the design of neuromorphic computing systems. One example is the natural spiking behavior of Josephson junctions and the ability to transmit short voltage spikes without the resistive capacitive time constants that typically hinder spike-based computing. We review the work that has been done on biologically inspired superconductive devices, circuits, and architectures and discuss the scaling potential of these demonstrations.