gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemokine receptor antagonists: Part 1 (2009)

A number of chemokine receptor antagonists have made the transition from lead compounds to clinical candidates, some of which are described here. Although there has been no clinical success yet for antagonists targeting the group of receptors discussed here, the compounds have been invaluable in generating information that should pave the way for producing successful therapeutics in the future.
Investigation of Wall Effect on Indoor MIMO Channel Capacity by Using MoM-FDTD Hybrid Technique (2007)

SUMMARY A numerical hybrid method for analyzing the wireless channel of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) communication system is proposed by combining of the method of moments (MoM) and the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. The proposed method is capable of investigating a more practical MIMO wireless channel than the conventional methods, and CPU time is much less than that of the FDTD method in analysis of spatial statistical characteristics of received signals. Based on the channel transfer matrix obtained by the proposed method, the wall effect on indoor MIMO channel capacity are investigated with consideration of received power, Ricean K-factor and effective degrees of freedom (EDOF) of multipaths by changing the wall locations and material.
Chineseherbalmedicineforulcerativecolitis:asystematicreview protocol (2017)

Introductioo: This manuscript aims to provide a protocol of systematic review to assess the safety and effectiveness of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). Although CHM has been widely used for UC, its effectiveness and safety has not yet been well defined and analyzed. Methods and analysis: Seven electronic databases were searched, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Biomedical literature (CBL), VIP database, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, PubMed and China Journals Full-text Database. Related Chinese literature will be searched in other Chinese databases. All relevant randomized controlled literature of publication type will be included. Assessment of risk of bias, data synthesis and subgroup analysis will be carried out using Review Manager 5.2. Ethics and dissemination: The results of the systematic review will be disseminated via publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at a relevant conference. Trail registartion number: PROSPERO CRD42015019350.
Population-Based Evaluation of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer, Retinal Ganglion Cell Layer, and Inner Plexiform Layer as a Diagnostic Tool For Glaucoma (2014)

Macular RGCL loss is at least as common as peripapillary RNFL abnormalities in population-based glaucoma cases. Screening for glaucoma using OCT-derived regional thickness identifies approximately half of those cases of glaucoma as diagnosed by perimetry.
Soft fails due to LU stress of virtual power domains (2015)

A shut-down of IC was caused by current injection into a USB 2.0 pin. Root cause was a substrate current forced into a power rail supplied by a weak LDO. Connecting the guard rings to a robust VDD supply resolved the problem. As the failure could not be revealed by JESD78 testing, a modified latchup test setup is proposed.
900 MHz multipath propagation measurements in four United States cities (1989)

This letter describes multipath power delay profile measurements of 900 MHz mobile radio channels in four US cities. Preliminary data show that for over 98% of the measured locations, RMS delay spreads are less than 12 μs. In very rare instances, reflections from city skylines and mountains can cause RMS delay spreads which exceed 20 μs and excess delays which exceed 100 μs. Such large excess delays have not been previously reported in the literature.
Multiplexing Short Primers for Viral Family PCR (2008)

We describe a Multiplex Primer Prediction (MPP) algorithm to build multiplex compatible primer sets for large, diverse, and unalignable sets of target sequences. The MPP algorithm is scalable to larger target sets than other available software, and it does not require a multiple sequence alignment. We applied it to questions in viral detection, and demonstrated that there are no universally conserved priming sequences among viruses and that it could require an unfeasibly large number of primers ({approx}3700 18-mers or {approx}2000 10-mers) to generate amplicons from all sequenced viruses. We then designed primer sets separately for each viral family, and for several diverse species such as foot-and-mouth disease virus, hemagglutinin and neuraminidase segments of influenza A virus, Norwalk virus, and HIV-1.
Beyond Local Solvation Structure: Nanometric Aggregates in Battery Electrolytes and Their Effect on Electrolyte Properties (2021)

Electrolytes are an essential component of all electrochemical storage and conversion devices, such as batteries. In the history of battery development, the complex nature of electrolytes has often been a bottleneck. Fundamental knowledge of electrolyte systems encompasses elucidation of structure–property relationships of the solution species. Recently, nanometric aggregates have been observed in several classes of electrolytes, including super-concentrated, redox-flow, multivalent, polymer, and ionic liquid-based electrolytes. Compared with the well-studied local solvation structures such as contact ion pairs and solvent-separated ions, these aggregates impose unique effects on the ion distribution and transport both within bulk electrolytes and at electrode/electrolyte interfaces. This Perspective highlights the discovery of the aggregates in various battery electrolytes and their impact on electrolyte properties. We also present an outlook for future studies of this emerging field of nanometric aggregates and the need for the development of new experimental and computational tools to study their properties.
Evidence that ribosomal protein S10 itself is a cellular component necessary for transcription antitermination by phage lambda N protein. (1985)

Bacteriophage lambda N gene product acts to modify host RNA polymerase allowing the formation of a termination-resistant transcription apparatus. Previous studies have demonstrated that the nusE71 mutation that has altered the ribosomal protein S10 prevents N action in vivo. Using a coupled transcription-translation system, we demonstrate here that purified S10 protein as well as the 30S ribosomal subunit is sufficient to restore N activity in the nusE mutant extract, allowing antitermination of Rho-dependent and Rho-independent terminators. This provides direct biochemical evidence that the S10 protein itself is one of the cellular components necessary for the formation of an antitermination apparatus.
Ray-tracing wireless channel modeling and verification in Coordinated Multi-Point systems (2014)

Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) transmission improves user's coverage and data throughput particularly on the cell edges. To make full advantage of CoMP, radio planning tools need very accurate models that fully capture the MIMO channels characteristics. This paper presents detailed modeling and analysis of an uplink CoMP system using Ray-Tracing (RT)-based channel modeling. The contribution of this paper is to show how close RT simulations can predict end-to-end system performance compared to the real-world measured performance. Thorough drive test measurements and RT simulations were performed. CoMP and Conventional MIMO systems performances are evaluated and compared for measured and RT-simulated channels. The results of several scenarios show that the RT matches the measurements in terms of rates and geometrical properties. The CoMP gain resulting from the measurements is almost double the gain of RT simulations. The differences come from the hardware and the RT 3D models impairments.
The small quinolone derived compound HT61 enhances the effect of tobramycin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro and in vivo (2019)

HT61 is a small quinolone-derived compound previously demonstrated to exhibit bactericidal activity against gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). When combined with the classical antibiotics and antiseptics neomycin, gentamicin, mupirocin and chlorhexidine, HT61 demonstrated synergistic bactericidal activity against both MSSA and MRSA infections in vitro. In this study, we investigated the individual antimicrobial activity of HT61 alongside its capability to potentiate the efficacy of tobramycin against both a tobramycin sensitive laboratory reference strain (PAO1) and tobramycin resistant clinical isolates (RP73, NN2) of the gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). Using broth microdilution methods, the MICs of HT61 were assessed against all strains, as well as the effect of HT61 in combination with tobramycin using both the chequerboard method and bacterial time-kill assays. A murine model of pulmonary infection was also used to evaluate the combination therapy of tobramycin and HT61 in vivo. In these studies, we demonstrated significant synergism between HT61 and tobramycin against the tobramycin resistant P. aeruginosa strains RP73 and NN2, whilst an additive/intermediate effect was observed for P. aeruginosa strain PA01 which was further confirmed using bacterial time kill analysis. In addition, the enhancement of tobramycin by HT61 was also evident in in vitro assays of biofilm eradication. Finally, in vivo studies revealed analogous effects to those observed in vitro with HT61 significantly reducing bacterial load when administered in combination with tobramycin against each of the three P. aeruginosa strains at the highest tested dose (10 mg/kg).
A High-Yield, General Method for the Catalytic Formation of Oxygen Heterocycles (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTA High-Yield, General Method for the Catalytic Formation of Oxygen HeterocyclesKaren E. Torraca, Shin-Itsu Kuwabe, and Stephen L. BuchwaldView Author Information Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 51, 12907–12908Publication Date (Web):December 6, 2000Publication History Received16 October 2000Published online6 December 2000Published inissue 1 December 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja005698vhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja005698vrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4975Altmetric-Citations134LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Catalysts,Cyclization,Heterocyclic compounds,Ligands Get e-Alerts
Your Personal, Virtual Librarian (2011)

Searching scientific literature is a common and critical activity for research scientists, students, and professionals such as medical clinicians. These search tasks can be time consuming and repetitive, but literature search and management tools are already making the job much easier. This chapter analyses the literature retrieval process, reviews some currently available tools and elaborates on potential future support for the knowledge worker by an intelligent automated assistant. A special focus of this chapter is the automatic retrieval of medical literature and the exploration of the answer space.Request access from your librarian to read this chapter's full text.
Wireless integrated robots for effective search and guidance of rescue teams (2011)

Over the past decade, natural and human-induced disasters have claimed millions of lives. Intelligent robots equipped with advanced sensors and integrating wireless networks are attracting attention from researchers and rescuers all around the world. This paper is an application of the Wireless Sensor Network to disaster management. The wireless sensor network consists of two fixed nodes and moving nodes with the robot and rescue teams. The search robot autonomously navigates, searches for living human beings, collects data from the air quality control module, localizes it with respect to the fixed nodes and sends the data. The rescue team can wirelessly receive the data in real time and locate the robot precisely.
A Systematic Analysis Reveals Heterogeneous Changes in the Endocytic Activities of Cancer Cells (2015)

Metastasis is a multistep process requiring cancer cell signaling, invasion, migration, survival, and proliferation. These processes require dynamic modulation of cell surface proteins by endocytosis. Given this functional connection, it has been suggested that endocytosis is dysregulated in cancer. To test this, we developed In-Cell ELISA assays to measure three different endocytic pathways: clathrin-mediated endocytosis, caveolae-mediated endocytosis, and clathrin-independent endocytosis and compared these activities using two different syngeneic models for normal and oncogene-transformed human lung epithelial cells. We found that all endocytic activities were reduced in the transformed versus normal counterparts. However, when we screened 29 independently isolated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines to determine whether these changes were systematic, we observed significant heterogeneity. Nonetheless, using hierarchical clustering based on their combined endocytic properties, we identified two phenotypically distinct clusters of NSCLCs. One co-clustered with mutations in KRAS, a mesenchymal phenotype, increased invasion through collagen and decreased growth in soft agar, whereas the second was enriched in cells with an epithelial phenotype. Interestingly, the two clusters also differed significantly in clathrin-independent internalization and surface expression of CD44 and CD59. Taken together, our results suggest that endocytotic alterations in cancer cells that affect cell surface expression of critical molecules have a significant influence on cancer-relevant phenotypes, with potential implications for interventions to control cancer by modulating endocytic dynamics.
Superluminal Laser Gravitational Wave Detector (2019)

We propose a gravitational wave detector that uses two superluminal lasers. Compared to the Advanced LIGO detector, the range for detecting binary neutron star inspirals is enhanced by a factor of 19 using this scheme.
Cramer-Rao Lower Bound for DoA Estimation with RF Lens-Embedded Antenna\n Array (2016)

In this paper, we consider the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) for estimation\nof a lens-embedded antenna array with deterministic parameters. Unlike CRLB of\nuniform linear array (ULA), it is noted that CRLB for direction of arrival\n(DoA) of lens-embedded antenna array is dominated by not only angle but\ncharacteristics of lens. Derivation is based on the approximation that\namplitude of received signal with lens is approximated to Gaussian function. We\nconfirmed that parameters needed to design a lens can be derived by standard\ndeviation of Gaussian, which represents characteristic of received signal, by\nsimulation of beam propagation method. Well-designed lens antenna shows better\nperformance than ULA in terms of estimating DoA. This is a useful derivation\nbecause, result can be the guideline for designing parameters of lens to\nsatisfy certain purpose.\n
Pay-as-you-go user feedback for dataspace systems (2008)

A primary challenge to large-scale data integration is creating semantic equivalences between elements from different data sources that correspond to the same real-world entity or concept. Dataspaces propose a pay-as-you-go approach: automated mechanisms such as schema matching and reference reconciliation provide initial correspondences, termed candidate matches, and then user feedback is used to incrementally confirm these matches. The key to this approach is to determine in what order to solicit user feedback for confirming candidate matches.
Self-optimizing web system (2004)

We propose a new architecture for a self-optimizing Web system that adaptively tunes its performance according to changes in workload characteristics. To realize the system, the authors have developed the integrated performance analysis tool (IPAT) to monitor and simulate the performance of Web systems. IPAT can be used as a testing tool for constructing Web sites. It also performs a comprehensive analysis of Web system performance and detects bottleneck candidates within Web systems. The road map and technical problems for the realization of the system are also discussed.
Infrasonic monitoring of snow-avalanche activity: What do we know and where do we go from here? (1998)

The first recordings of acoustic signals associated with avalanches go back to the 1970s when premonitory low-frequency acoustic emission was observed in the snow cover just before the setting off of natural avalanches (Sommerfeld, 1977; Sommerfeld and Gubler, 1983). Recently, it has been demonstrated that avalanches also produce strong infrasonic vibrations in air during their movement. These infrasonic vibrations propagate great distances and can follow the natural relief. It was then a question of automatically detecting this emission to monitor avalanche activity, with a view to improving forecasting and assisting in the study of certain aspects of avalanche dynamics. With the double aim of pursuing investigations on the mechanics of the acoustic emission from avalanches and designing an automatic detection system, our laboratory has developed specific instrumentation, the essential link of which is an array of infrasonic microphones associated with a goniometer. Systematic measurements of the infrasonic emissions are being carried out, not only of the natural or released avalanches themselves but of all events with the aim of characterizing the former in relation to “infrasonic noise”.
Structure And Properties Of X-Ray Contrast Media (2018)

Optimal use of CM in radiology requires a knowledge of the nature and relevant properties of the available substances. This chapter describes the properties of currently used and newly developed contrast-giving agents that influence their behavior in the human body, their side effects, and their practical utility.
Novelty Seeking: Interaction Between Parental Alcohol Use and Dopamine D4 Receptor Gene Exon III Polymorphism Over 17 Years (2010)

Recent meta-analyses have questioned the association between the dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene polymorphism and the temperament trait of novelty seeking, and proposed an interaction between the polymorphism and other factors. We wanted to test whether parental alcohol use during childhood moderated the effect of an offspring dopamine receptor gene (DRD4) polymorphism on the temperament trait of novelty seeking in adulthood. A population-based sample of children and adolescents (n = 2149) and their parents was examined in 1980 and 1983 on parental alcohol use and rearing practices. In 1997, study participants completed the Temperament and Character Inventory for the novelty-seeking temperament trait, and a subsample (n = 150) was genotyped for the DRD4 exon III polymorphism. For the participants with the father, but not the mother, reporting more frequent alcohol consumption or drunkenness in examinations 17 and/or 14 years before the novelty-seeking assessment, an association between the short (two- or five-repeat) alleles of the DRD4 gene and extremely high novelty-seeking scores was observed. When the father reported less frequent alcohol consumption or drunkenness, the genotype was not associated with novelty seeking. The association remained after controlling for sex, age, and maternal childrearing. These results provide preliminary information on gene-environment interaction on the temperament trait of novelty seeking and may partly explain the heterogeneity of findings concerning the association between DRD4 polymorphisms and novelty seeking. (Reprinted with permission from Psychiatric Genetics 2005; 15:133–139)
Analysis of active pixel sensor readout circuit (2003)

This work provides a detailed analysis of active pixel sensor, pixel and column circuit. Surprisingly, we find that shorter readout times can be achieved by reducing the bias current and hence reducing energy consumption. We investigate the effect of nonidealities on the readout operation. We find that when the follower transistor channel-length modulation is taken into consideration, delay is reduced, which implies that shorter length transistors can be used in the pixel. We show that readout time decreases linearly with technology scaling.
Socially Intelligent Genetic Agents for the Emergence of Explicit Norms (2022)

Norms help regulate a society. Norms may be explicit (represented in structured form) or implicit. We address the emergence of explicit norms by developing agents who provide and reason about explanations for norm violations in deciding sanctions and identifying alternative norms. These agents use a genetic algorithm to produce norms and reinforcement learning to learn the values of these norms. We find that applying explanations leads to norms that provide better cohesion and goal satisfaction for the agents. Our results are stable for societies with differing attitudes of generosity.
Innentitelbild: Mechanism of the Water–Gas Shift Reaction Catalyzed by Efficient Ruthenium‐Based Catalysts: A Computational and Experimental Study (Angew. Chem. 3/2019) (2018)

H2-Gas kann bei niedrigen Temperaturen durch eine rutheniumkatalysierte Wassergas-Shift-Reaktion (WGSR) freigesetzt werden. Basierend auf einem kombinierten theoretischen und experimentellen Ansatz präsentieren D. M. Smith und Mitarbeiter in ihrer Zuschrift auf S. 751 einen neuen WGSR-Mechanismus mit chloridreichen anionischen Rutheniumcarbonylkomplexen. Die Ergebnisse stützen sich auf kinetische Isotopeneffekte und stellen einen Schritt hin zur industriellen Produktion von H2 bei niedrigen Temperaturen dar.
Hyaluronan-Binding Proteins in Inflammation (2008)

Tony Day joined the Immunochemistry Unit in September 1984 to do a 10-month research project on factor H, under the supervision of Bob Sim, for the final year of his chemistry degree at the University of Oxford. He continued working on factor H for his DPhil (1985–1987)– Tony was Bob's second PhD st...