gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Slat collimator design issues for dual-head coincidence imaging systems (2002)

This paper investigates optimum slat collimator design parameters for dual-head coincidence imaging (DHCI) systems. The noise equivalent count (NEC) rate was examined with respect to the activity concentration under various system conditions. All results are derived from Monte Carlo simulations with a digital anthropomorphic (Zubal) phantom. The DHCI system was modeled after the Millennium VG gamma camera (GEMS, Waukesha, WI). The dead-time characteristics of the camera were experimentally determined. Our results suggests that substantial NEC gains can be achieved by varying the slat-to-slat separation, such that the peak of the NEC curve is located at clinically relevant levels (i.e., 0.07 /spl sim/ 0.10 /spl mu/Ci/cc). The NEC was also found to increase with the use of longer slats with appropriately selected slat-to-slat separation. Furthermore, the NEC performance also depends on the count-rate performance (i.e., dead-time losses) of the system. Therefore, as improvements are made to the count-rate capabilities of DHCI systems, the slat geometry should be modified. Further study is required to determine the effect that slat collimator design has on image quality and lesion detection for clinically realistic imaging situations.
Recognition and transport of ferric enterobactin in Escherichia coli (1986)

The specificity of the outer membrane protein receptor for ferric enterobactin transport in Escherichia coli and the mechanism of enterobactin-mediated transport of ferric ions across the outer membrane have been studied. Transport kinetic and inhibition studies with ferric enterobactin and synthetic structural analogs have mapped the parts of the molecule important for receptor binding. The ferric complex of the synthetic structural analog of enterobactin, 1,3,5-N,N',N''-tris-(2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl)triaminomethylbenzene (MECAM), was transported with the same maximum velocity as was ferric enterobactin. A double-label transport assay with [59Fe, 3H]MECAM showed that the ligand and the metal are transported across the outer membrane at an identical rate. Under the growth conditions used, large fractions of the transported complexes were available for exchange across the outer membrane when a large excess of extracellular complex was added to the cell suspension; at least 60% of the internalized [59Fe]enterobactin exchanged with extracellular [55Fe]enterobactin. Internalized [59Fe, 3H]MECAM was released from the cell as the intact complex when either unlabeled Fe-MECAM or Fe-enterobactin was added extracellularly. The results suggest a mechanism of active transport of unmodified coordination complex across the outer membrane with possible accumulation in the periplasm.
Analysis of the Streptomyces coelicolor sigE gene reveals the existence of a subfamily of eubacterial RNA polymerase sigma factors involved in the regulation of extracytoplasmic functions. (1994)

sigma E, an RNA polymerase sigma factor of apparent M(r) 28,000, was previously identified by its ability to direct transcription from the P2 promoter of the agarose gene (dagA) of Streptomyces coelicolor. A degenerate oligonucleotide probe, designed from the N-terminal sequence of purified sigma E, was used to isolate the sigma E gene (sigE). The predicted sequence of sigma E shows greatest similarity to sequences of seven other proteins: Myxococcus xanthus CarQ, Pseudomonas aeruginosa AlgU, Pseudomonas syringae HrpL, Escherichia coli sigma E, Alcaligenes eutrophus CnrH, E. coli FecI, and Bacillus subtilis SigX, a protein of unknown function. These eight proteins define a subfamily of eubacterial RNA polymerase factors sufficiently different from other sigma s that, in many cases, they are not identified by standard similarity searching methods. Available information suggests that all of them regulate extracytoplasmic functions and that they function as effector molecules responding to extracytoplasmic stimuli. A. eutrophus CnrH appears to be a plasmid-encoded factor.
Low Urine Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Levels Are Associated with Mechanical Ventilation, Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and Retinopathy of Prematurity (2013)

Low urine VEGF/protein levels in the first postnatal month are associated with mechanical ventilation, BPD, and ROP.
Investigation of sensorless direct torque control using high frequency injection apply to a fractional-slot concentrated winding interior PMSM (2013)

This paper presents the sensorless direct torque control based on the high frequency injection method for a fractional-slot concentrated winding Interior Permanent Magnet (FSCW IPM) Synchronous Machine. Application of the concentrated winding to IPM machine is gaining attention from research community because of its advantages such as highpower density, high efficiency and wider flux-weakening capability. Sensorless direct torque control of such a machine is important for its application in high performance drive systems. High frequency injection method is based on detecting the anisotropy caused by the saliency of the machine. Since the FSCW-IPM machine produces a low saliency ratio close to unity, the high frequency injection method for position estimation will be challenging. In this paper, the sensorless direct torque control scheme that uses high frequency injection signal was applied to a prototype FSCW IPM machine. The rotor positions are estimated effectively at low speed by using high frequency injection signal. The experiment results, presented in this paper, confirm the effectiveness of the method applied to a FSCW IPM synchronous machine.
NIR–vis–UV Light‐Responsive High Stress‐Generating Polymer Actuators with a Reduced Creep Rate (2021)

Untethered, light-responsive, high-stress-generating actuators based on widely-used commercial polymers are appealing for applications in soft robotics. However, the construction of actuators that are stable and reversibly responsive to low-intensity ultraviolet, visible, and infrared lights remains challenging. Here, transparent, stress-generating actuators are reported based on ultradrawn, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene films. The composite films have different draw ratios (30, 70, and 100) and contain a small amount of graphene in combination with ultraviolet and near-infrared-absorbing dyes. The composite actuators respond rapidly (t<sub>0.9</sub> < 0.8 s) to different wavelengths of light (i.e., 780, 455, and 365 nm). A maximum photoinduced stress of 35 MPa is achieved at a draw ratio of 70 under near-infrared light irradiation. The photoinduced stress increases linearly with the light intensity, indicating the transfer of light into thermally induced mechanical contraction. Moreover, the addition of additives lead to a reduction in the plastic creep rate of the drawn films compared to their nonmodified counterparts.
Résilience et capabilités pour un développement humain durable (2020)

contribution to the UN Global Sustainabble Development Report 2015, Sustainable development knowledge platform
The First Oxovanadium Ring in [{OV(salen)}2(μ-F)][VO(salen)][BF4]·(CH2Cl2)x Crystals (2003)

The crystal structure of [{O=VV(salen)}2(mu-F)][VIVO(salen)][BF4].(CH2Cl2)x revealed a hollow cavity with a diameter of 5.3 A that penetrates through the crystal, and a remarkable cyclic chain of the [VO(salen)] unit, a motif that has never been fashioned from oxometal building blocks. These features endow the crystal with a molecular sievelike property for the rapid, reversible, and size-selective absorption of guest CH2Cl2 molecules.
Shared Genetic Predisposition in Peripartum and Dilated Cardiomyopathies (2016)

Background Peripartum cardiomyopathy shares some clinical features with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, a disorder caused by mutations in more than 40 genes, including TTN, which encodes the sarcomere protein titin. Methods In 172 women with peripartum cardiomyopathy, we sequenced 43 genes with variants that have been associated with dilated cardiomyopathy. We compared the prevalence of different variant types (nonsense, frameshift, and splicing) in these women with the prevalence of such variants in persons with dilated cardiomyopathy and with population controls. Results We identified 26 distinct, rare truncating variants in eight genes among women with peripartum cardiomyopathy. The prevalence of truncating variants (26 in 172 [15%]) was significantly higher than that in a reference population of 60,706 persons (4.7%, P=1.3×10(-7)) but was similar to that in a cohort of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (55 of 332 patients [17%], P=0.81). Two thirds of identified truncating variants were in TTN, as seen in 10% of the patients and in 1.4% of the reference population (P=2.7×10(-10)); almost all TTN variants were located in the titin A-band. Seven of the TTN truncating variants were previously reported in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. In a clinically well-characterized cohort of 83 women with peripartum cardiomyopathy, the presence of TTN truncating variants was significantly correlated with a lower ejection fraction at 1-year follow-up (P=0.005). Conclusions The distribution of truncating variants in a large series of women with peripartum cardiomyopathy was remarkably similar to that found in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. TTN truncating variants were the most prevalent genetic predisposition in each disorder.
QS72. Post-electroporation Membrane Stabilization Improves Adipocyte Survival and Peptide Secretion After Gene Delivery (2022)

Purpose: Our lab has developed a novel cell therapy composed of genetically-modified autologous adipocytes. This process has been developed to enable intra-operative gene delivery via electroporation to obviate incubation times required for chemical or viral transfection. However, post-electroporation adipocyte apoptosis presents a challenge to efficient gene delivery. We hypothesize that delivery of poloxamer-188 (P188), a hydrophobic compound which stabilizes the cell membrane in the setting of electrical injury, can reduce post-electroporation apoptosis and improve overall gene delivery. Methods: Adipocytes were isolated from human abdominal subcutaneous fat (n=3) by a mechanical, collagenase-free method. Plasmids encoding peptide inhibitor of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP): CMV-Bmpr1afc was introduced into adipocytes by electroporation (20 ug plasmid DNA, 500 V/5 msec/4 pulses). Adipocytes were incubated with P188 (0.1% vol/vol) either 1) immediately prior to electroporation, 2) immediately after electroporation in culture media (Post-P188), or both before and after (Pre/Post-P188) (n=3). Control adipocytes were not treated with P188 at any time (n=3). mRNA was isolated from adipocytes and qPCR performed 7 days after electroporation to quantify pro-apoptotic (Bid and Casp3) gene expression with normalization (Actb). Culture media was collected weekly from day 7 through 28 after the electroporation, and ELISA were performed to quantify secreted BMPR1A-Fc. Results: Normalized Bid and Casp3 expression were significantly reduced with Post-P188 when compared with no P188 (Bid: 0.31 v. 1.00, p<0.01; Casp3: 0.44 v. 1.00, p<0.05). Similar results were obtained with Pre/Post-P188 treatment (Bid: 0.31 v. 1.00, p<0.01; Casp3: 0.34 v. 1.00, p<0.05). ELISA detected a significantly higher concentration of secreted BMPR1A-Fc with Post-P188 on day 7 (64.27 ng/ml v. 55.75 ng/ml, p<0.05) and day 14 (58.83 ng/ml v. 39.66 ng/ml, p<0.05). Interestingly, Pre-P188 resulted in reduced peptide secretion at day 7 (44.4 ng/ml v. 55.75 ng/ml, p<0.01) and day 14 (22.09 ng/ml v. 39.66 ng/ml, p<0.05). Conclusion: Our findings provide strong evidence that treatment with P188 can improve adipocyte survival after electroporation-mediated gene delivery. Specifically post-electroporation treatment with P188 results in elevated secretion levels which are sustained through 2 weeks in culture. Reduced peptide secretion observed with pre-electroporation P188 may be due to poor gene delivery into the cell caused by the improved cell membrane stabilization. The inclusion of post-electroporation P188 is likely to improve the efficacy of our desired cell therapy, and may have broader impact in laboratory approaches to cell transfection.
P2‐461: The Aβ peptide conjugate vaccine, acc‐001, generates n‐terminal anti‐ Aβ antibodies in the absence of Aβ directed t‐cell responses (2011)

Anti-Aßactive immunization has been proposed as a therapeutic approach for Alzheimer'sdisease (AD). Clinical studies where AD patients were immunized with full-length Aß1-42(AN1792) have resulted in reductions in brain Aß found at autopsy in those patients who had an immune response to the vaccine. These findings have led to the design of additional constructs now undergoing further clinical development. The results of the AN1792 phase 2 clinical study include the observation that approximately 6% of the active treatment group developed signs of meningoencephalitis. Evidence suggests that the observed meningoencephalitis was caused by an Aß directed cytotoxic T-cell response. In an effort to avoid Aß directed T-cell activation, an active vaccine utilizing a short Aß fragment conjugated to a protein carrier (ACC-001) has been developed and is currently undergoing Phase 2 clinical testing. Due, in part, to a favorable NTB efficacy signals seen in antibody responders in the AN1792 phase 2 study and the immunodominant nature of the N-terminus of the Aßpeptide, we chose to focus on the first 7 amino acids of the Aß N-terminal sequence (DAEFRHD). This sequence was conjugated to a mutant diphtheria toxin carrier (CRM197) and was developed as an active vaccine construct. By limiting the Aß sequence to 7 amino acids, it was hypothesized that this vaccine construct would generate relevant anti-Aß antibody responses with no accompanying anti-Aß T-cell response. Non-human primates were injected with vaccine alone or with vaccine plus QS21 adjuvant to evaluate relevant anti-Aß titers and anti-Aß T-cell responses by Elispot. Immunization of non-human primates with ACC-001+QS21adjuvant resulted in measurable anti-Aß titers with no indication of anti-Aß T-cell activity. Anti-Aßactive immunization has been demonstrated to inhibit plaque formation and associated pathology in animal models of Alzheimer's disease. In the AN1792 human clinical trials, active immunization with the full length Aß42peptide sequence resulted in evidence of plaque removal in antibody responders. This approach, however, was limited by the occurrence of meningoencephalitis likely mediated by Aß directed T-cell responses. The current studies detail the development ofACC-001, a 7 amino acid Aßpeptide conjugate vaccine currently in Phase 2 development for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Active immunization in non-human primates has demonstrated that this vaccine produces an anti-Aß antibody response similar to full-length Aß immunization, but doesn't appear to generate Aß directed T-cell responses.
Origin of enhanced interfacial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in LiF-inserted Fe/MgO interface (2022)

The Fe/MgO interface is an essential ingredient in spintronics as it shows giant tunneling magnetoresistance and strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA). A recent study demonstrated that the insertion of an ultrathin LiF layer between the Fe and MgO layers enhances PMA significantly. In this paper, we perform x-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements on Fe/LiF/MgO multilayers to reveal the origin of the PMA enhancement. We find that the LiF insertion increases the orbital-magnetic-moment anisotropy and thus the magnetic anisotropy energy. We attribute the origin of this orbital-magnetic-moment-anisotropy enhancement to the stronger electron localization and electron-electron correlation or the better interface quality with fewer defects.
CXCR3 Polymorphism and Expression Associate with Spontaneous Preterm Birth (2015)

Spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB) is a major factor associating with deaths and with lowered quality of life in humans. Environmental and genetic factors influence the susceptibility. Previously, by analyzing families with recurrent SPTB in linkage analysis, we identified a linkage peak close to the gene encoding CXCR3. Present objectives were to investigate the association of CXCR3 with SPTB in Finnish mothers (n = 443) and infants (n = 747), to analyze CXCR3 expression levels in human placenta and levels of its ligands in umbilical cord blood, and to verify the influence of Cxcr3 on SPTB-associating cytokines in mice. We detected an association between an intronic CXCR3 polymorphism, rs2280964, and SPTB in infants from families with recurrent preterm births (p = 0.009 versus term controls, odds ratio 0.52, 95% confidence interval 0.32-0.86). The minor allele was protective and undertransmitted to SPTB infants (p = 0.007). In the placenta and fetal membranes, the rs2280964 major allele homozygotes had higher expression levels than minor allele homozygotes; decidual trophoblasts showed strong CXCR3 immunoreactivity. Expression was higher in SPTB placentas compared with those from elective deliveries. Concentration of a CXCR3 ligand, CXCL9, was increased in cord blood from SPTB, and the protective rs2280964 allele was associated with low CXCL9. In CXCR3-deficient mice (Mus musculus), SPTB-associating cytokines were not acutely increased in amniotic fluid after preterm birth-inducing dose of maternal LPS. Our results indicate that CXCR3 contributes to SPTB. Activation of CXCR3 signaling may disturb the maternal-fetal tolerance, and this may promote labor.
Combinatorial Strategies in Biology and Chemistry By Annette Beck-Sickinger and Peter Weber (University of Leipzig, Germany). J. Wiley & Sons:  Chichester. 2002. xiv + 180 pp. $35.00. 0-471-49727-4. (2002)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook ReviewCombinatorial Strategies in Biology and Chemistry By Annette Beck-Sickinger and Peter Weber (University of Leipzig, Germany). J. Wiley & Sons: Chichester. 2002. xiv + 180 pp. $35.00. 0-471-49727-4.Brent IversonView Author Information University of Texas at AustinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 40, 12057–12058Publication Date (Web):July 4, 2002Publication History Published online4 July 2002Published inissue 1 October 2002https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja025229ohttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja025229obook-reviewACS PublicationsCopyright © 2002 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Biology,Chemical synthesis,Molecules,Peptides and proteins,Spectroscopy Get e-Alerts
Interactions of Bacterial Quorum Sensing Signals with Model Lipid Membranes: Influence of Acyl Tail Structure on Multiscale Response (2021)

Many common bacteria use amphiphilic <i>N</i>-acyl-L-homoserine lactones (AHLs) as signaling molecules to coordinate group behaviors at high cell densities. Past studies demonstrate that AHLs can adsorb to and promote the remodeling of lipid membranes in ways that could underpin cell-cell or host-cell interactions. Here, we report that changes in AHL acyl tail group length and oxidation state (e.g., the presence or absence of a 3-oxo group) can lead to differences in the interactions of eight naturally occurring AHLs in solution and in contact with model lipid membranes. Our results reveal that the presence of a 3-oxo group impacts remodeling when AHLs are placed in contact with supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) of the phospholipid 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC). Whereas AHLs that have 3-oxo groups generally promote the formation of microtubules, AHLs that lack 3-oxo groups generally form hemispherical caps on the surfaces of SLBs. These results are interpreted in terms of the time scales on which AHLs translocate across bilayers to relieve asymmetrical bilayer stress. Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation measurements also reveal that 3-oxo AHLs associate with DOPC bilayers to a greater extent than their non-3-oxo analogues. In contrast, we observed no monotonic relationship between AHL tail length and bilayer reformation. Finally, we observed that 3-oxo AHLs facilitate greater transport or leakage of molecular cargo across the membranes of DOPC vesicles relative to AHLs without 3-oxo groups, also suggesting increased bilayer disruption and destabilization. These fundamental studies hint at interactions and associated multiscale phenomena that may inform current interpretations of the behaviors of AHLs in biological contexts. These results could also provide guidance useful for the design of new classes of synthetic materials (e.g., sensor elements or drug delivery vehicles) that interact with or respond selectively to communities of bacteria that use 3-oxo AHLs for cell-cell communication.
Supplementary Table 4 from Paxillin Is a Target for Somatic Mutations in Lung Cancer: Implications for Cell Growth and Invasion (2023)

Supplementary Table 4 from Paxillin Is a Target for Somatic Mutations in Lung Cancer: Implications for Cell Growth and Invasion
Mechanism of IAPP amyloid fibril formation involves an intermediate with a transient β-sheet (2013)

Significance There is an enormous interest in the mechanism by which proteins misfold and aggregate into amyloid fibrils. Amyloid has been implicated in many human diseases, but the mechanism of aggregation is not understood. Intermediates have been postulated to play an important role in the process, but there have been very few direct measurements that provide specific structural details. The use of isotope labeling and 2D IR methods has allowed the characterization of a critical intermediate generated during amyloid formation by islet amyloid polypeptide, the peptide responsible for amyloid formation in type 2 diabetes. Identification of this intermediate provides a structural explanation for the lag phase and may explain why some species develop amyloid deposits of hIAPP while others do not.
Method Reproducibility and Spectral Library Assembly for Rapid Bacterial Characterization by Metastable Atom Bombardment Pyrolysis Mass Spectrometry (2005)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Sample Preparation for Rapid, Reproducible Cell Culture Analytical Instrumentation for Sensitive Detection and Spectral Reproducibility Spectral Library Assembly Pattern Recognition Methods for Objectively Classifying Bacteria Conclusions Acknowledgment References