gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bottom-up nanoscale patterning and selective deposition on silicon nanowires (2021)

We demonstrate a bottom-up process for programming the deposition of coaxial thin films aligned to the underlying dopant profile of semiconductor nanowires. Our process synergistically combines three distinct methods-vapor-liquid-solid nanowire growth, selective coaxial lithography via etching of surfaces (SCALES), and area-selective atomic layer deposition (AS-ALD)-into a cohesive whole. Here, we study ZrO<sub>2</sub>on Si nanowires as a model system. Si nanowires are first grown with an axially modulated n-Si/i-Si dopant profile. SCALES then yields coaxial poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) masks on the n-Si regions. Subsequent AS-ALD of ZrO<sub>2</sub>occurs on the exposed i-Si regions and not on those masked by PMMA. We show the spatial relationship between nanowire dopant profile, PMMA masks, and ZrO<sub>2</sub>films, confirming the programmability of the process. The nanoscale resolution of our process coupled with the plethora of available AS-ALD chemistries promises a range of future opportunities to generate structurally complex nanoscale materials and electronic devices using entirely bottom-up methods.
Design and analysis of future memories based on switchable resistive elements (2006)

Resistive bistable thin film elements have a great potential for implementing non-volatile memories with extreme densities. This work investigates using the switching characteristics of these resistive switchable elements to implement active and passive memory arrays. First, different active memory architectures has been investigated analytically and numerically based on the resistive elements which are characterised through there hysteretic resistive I/V curve. A new active memory cell concept which uses a capacitor connected serially to the resistive element has been proposed as an alternative the conventional memory cell. This concept simplifies the manufacturing of the memory and makes it possible to generate a higher voltage than the supply voltage across the resistive elements. Passive memory architectures based on crossbar-arrays are very compact because they don’t include a transistor in the memory cells. Different active periphery circuits for the read and write operations has been elaborated. In the case of the write operation, the periphery circuits generate more than two voltage levels to accomplish writing. The read and write operations for passive resistive memories has been discussed thoroughly. It has been shown that many simplifications which have been used when analysing passive memories don’t work under real conditions. This is especially true when the interconnect resistances are considered. The optimal array sizes and optimal values of the sense resistors are calculated depending on the memory array parameters like the on- and off-resistance values of the memory cell and the interconnects resistance values. When the interconnect resistances are considered the voltages at the memory cells and the sense resistors are degraded. This degradation limits the construction of large memory arrays. Due to the voltage degradation at the sense resistors, the memory cells can not be read correctly because a common reference voltage does not consider this degradation. To solve this problem, a new concept for the generation of the reference voltage has been proposed. This concept uses dedicated memory cells to generate local and reliable reference voltages, which enables the construction of larger memory arrays. Resistive memory arrays with an additional diode in the memory cells have also been discussed. The usage of a diode reduces the parasitic effects and also allows the construction of larger memory arrays. Finally, the usage of resistive memory elements in lookup tables of FPGAs has been investigated. A simplified write operation which functions under certain conditions has been proposed. In addition, a rule that directly specifies the worst case patterns has been found. By using this rule, long simulation times to find these patterns are avoided.
Development of Cardanol-Bonded Cellulose Resin with Nonfood Plant Resources: Low Energy Heterogeneous Synthesis Process (2015)

To synthesize a high-strength and heat-resistant novel cellulose-based bioplastic having a long side chain with low energy consumption, we developed a novel two-step heterogeneous process. The bioplastic is a cellulose ester synthesized by bonding a short side chain (acetic acid) and a long one (3-pentadecylphenoxy acetic acid, a derivative of cardanol, extracted from cashew nut shells). In conventional homogeneous processes, cellulose esters are recovered by precipitation with large quantities of poor solvents, which requires much energy consumption for their distillation. In the novel process, first, limited amounts of these chains are bonded in a heterogeneous system to achieve efficient product recovery by filtration without precipitation. Second, the short-chain acid is additionally bonded to attain good thermoplasticity of the final product, the cellulose resin, which is recovered by distilling the reaction solvent and the remaining short-chain component. The solvent usage was reduced by approximately 90% compared with a homogeneous process. The thermoplasticity of the resulting resin was comparable to that of a homogeneous one. Furthermore, the mechanical and thermal characteristics of the resin were greatly improved by adding a specific linear polyester, poly(butylene succinate adipate), and a glass fiber, achieving high target levels for durable products.
760-P: Factors Associated with Resolution of Steatosis and Fibrosis in T2D Patients Following Two Years of Continuous Care Intervention (2019)

Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) progression. Our 2-year study of T2D patients demonstrated a continuous care intervention (CCI) including nutritional ketosis improved non-invasive scores of steatosis and fibrosis, in addition to weight and glycemic control. This post hoc analysis assesses factors affecting steatosis and fibrosis resolution. Methods: 262 T2D CCI patients were analyzed. Intent-to-treat correlation and ANCOVA assessed relationships between changes in selected variables (Table 1) and changes in NAFLD liver fat (NLF) and NAFLD fibrosis (NFS) scores, steatosis and fibrosis status. Results: Changes in HOMA-IR, central abdominal fat (CAF) and beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) were correlated with changes in NLF, while changes in HbA1c, CAF and HDL-cholesterol were correlated with changes in NFS, even after adjustment for age, gender, race, diabetes duration and baseline BMI. ANCOVA confirmed that patients who resolved steatosis had greater BHB increase (p=0.01), HOMA-IR reduction (p=1.3x10-5) and CAF reduction (p=0.01) than those who did not. Conclusions: Following the CCI, increased BHB and decreased insulin resistance are associated with steatosis resolution, while decreased visceral obesity is associated with steatosis and fibrosis reduction. Disclosure S.J. Athinarayanan: Employee; Self; Virta Health Corp. R.N. Adams: Employee; Self; Virta Health Corp. A. McKenzie: Employee; Self; Virta Health Corp. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Virta Health Corp. S. Hallberg: Advisory Panel; Self; Atkins Nutritionals, Inc. Employee; Self; Virta Health Corp. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Virta Health Corp. S. Phinney: Advisory Panel; Self; Atkins Nutritionals, Inc. Board Member; Self; Virta Health Corp. Employee; Self; Virta Health Corp. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Virta Health Corp. Other Relationship; Self; Beyond Obesity. J.P. McCarter: Employee; Self; Virta Health Corp. Funding Virta Health Corp
The Antigenic Subunits of Influenza Viruses (1969)

Abstract Antigenic subunits were prepared from nine strains of influenza virus by treatment with deoxycholate. The immunogenicity of these preparations for rabbits was compared with equivalent doses of whole virus vaccines. The primary response to the subunit vaccines was found to be delayed, with little or no production of macroglobulin antibodies. The total quantity of primary antibody at 21 days was about half of that produced by whole virus vaccines. The quality (average equilibrium constant) of the antibodies was the same after the two kinds of vaccine. Anamnestic responses to subunit and whole virus vaccines were indistinguishable both kinetically and in terms of the number or quality of antibody molecules produced.
Cd(ii) removal by Fe(ii) surface chemically modified layered double hydroxide–graphene oxide: performance and mechanism (2019)

Cd(ii) adsorption onto Fe(ii) modified Layered double hydroxide-graphene oxide (LDH-GO@Fe(ii)) was investigated using batch experiments. With the modification of Fe(ii), LDH-GO maintained its structure, while Fe(ii) species formed non-crystalline iron oxide clusters on the surface of the LDH/GO. A kinetics study indicated that adsorption obeyed a pseudo-second-order rate law. The equilibrium data were fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity of LDH-GO@Fe(ii)<sub>10</sub> was 28.98 mg g<sup>-1</sup>, higher those that of pure LDH-GO and LDH-GO@Fe(ii)<sub>50</sub>. The increased sorption capacities could be explained by the increased specific surface area. Modification with Fe(ii) would lead to the generation of amorphous Fe oxides and Fe could occupy the binding sites for Cd(ii), thus excess Fe in the structure will restrain the adsorption of Cd(ii). The XRD and XPS patterns revealed the formation of Cd(OH)<sub>2</sub> after adsorption. Batch experiments indicated that precipitation and surface complexation were the main pathways for Cd(ii) removal.
FEDS: Comprehensive Fault Attack Exploitability Detection for Software Implementations of Block Ciphers (2020)

Fault injection attacks are one of the most powerful forms of cryptanalytic attacks on ciphers. A single, precisely injected fault during the execution of a cipher like the AES, can completely reveal the key within a few milliseconds. Software implementations of ciphers, therefore, need to be thoroughly evaluated for such attacks. In recent years, automated tools have been developed to perform these evaluations. These tools either work on the cipher algorithm or on their implementations. Tools that work at the algorithm level can provide a comprehensive assessment of fault attack vulnerability for different fault attacks and with different fault models. Their application is, however, restricted because every realization of the cipher has unique vulnerabilities. On the other hand, tools that work on cipher implementations have a much wider application but are often restricted by the range of fault attacks and the number of fault models they can evaluate.In this paper, we propose a framework, called FEDS, that uses a combination of compiler techniques and model checking to merge the advantages of both, algorithmic level tools as well as implementation level tools. Like the algorithmic level tools, FEDS can provide a comprehensive assessment of fault attack exploitability considering a wide range of fault attacks and fault models. Like implementation level tools, FEDS works with implementations, therefore has wide application. We demonstrate the versatility of FEDS by evaluating seven different implementations of AES (including bitsliced implementation) and implementations of CLEFIA and CAMELLIA for Differential Fault Attacks. The framework automatically identifies exploitable instructions in all implementations. Further, we present an application of FEDS in a Fault Attack Aware Compiler, that can automatically identify and protect exploitable regions of the code. We demonstrate that the compiler can generate significantly more efficient code than a naïvely protected equivalent, while maintaining the same level of protection.
A new approach to Ge lasers with low pump power (2012)

We present direct bandgap photoluminescence from carrier confinement in Ge/SiGe quantum wells in a microdisk resonator. Based on simulation and experimental results, the Ge/SiGe quantum well structure has great potential to serve as a low pump power Ge laser.
Multi‐walled Carbon Nanotubes and Gold Nanorod Decorated Biosensor for Detection of microRNA‐126 (2021)

Abstract In this article, we introduced a novel electrochemical biosensor for the detection of microRNA‐126. The biosensor utilizes a hybridization assay combined with multi‐walled carbon nanotubes and gold nanorod‐decorated screen‐printed carbon electrodes. For electrode preparation, gold nanorods were first immobilized onto the surface of bare and multi‐walled carbon nanotube‐modified screen‐printed carbon electrodes, and the thiol tagged‐capture probe was immobilized on the electrode surface through gold and thiol group interaction. After the immobilization, thiol tagged‐capture probe hybridized with the target sequence. Under optimum conditions, we determined limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) as high as 11 nM and 36 nM, respectively.
EFFECT OF TACROLIMUS ON THE EXPRESSION OF MACROPHAGE SCAVENGER AND NUCLEAR HORMONE RECEPTORS IN THP-1–DERIVED HUMAN MACROPHAGES (2004)

Tacrolimus seems to regulate MSRs, nuclear hormone receptors, and ABCA1 in THP-1 macrophages. These results differ from previous findings with CsA and may provide insight into the mechanisms of posttransplant atherosclerosis.
Notes (1954)

E. G. Steward, D. J. Cole and D. W. Wilson, Analyst, 1954, 79, 173 DOI: 10.1039/AN9547900173
Panchromatic Sensitization with ZnII Porphyrin‐Based Photosensitizers for Light‐Driven Hydrogen Production (2018)

Three molecular photosensitizers (PSs) with carboxylic acid anchors for attachment to platinized titanium dioxide nanoparticles were studied for light-driven hydrogen production from a fully aqueous medium with ascorbic acid (AA) as the sacrificial electron donor. Two zinc(II) porphyrin (ZnP)-based PSs were used to examine the effect of panchromatic sensitization on the photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> generation. A dyad molecular design was used to construct a difluoro boron-dipyrromethene (bodipy)-conjugated ZnP PS (ZnP-dyad), whereas the other one featured an electron-donating diarylamino moiety (YD2-o-C8). To probe the use of the ZnP scaffold in this particular energy conversion process, an organic PS without the ZnP moiety (Bodipy-dye) was also synthesized for comparison. Ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy was adopted to map out the energy transfer processes occurring in the dyad and to establish the bodipy-based antenna effect. In particular, the systems with YD2-o-C8 and ZnP-dyad achieved a remarkable initial activity for the production of H<sub>2</sub> with an initial turnover frequency (TOF<sub>i</sub> ) higher than 300 h<sup>-1</sup> under white light irradiation. The use of ZnP PSs in dye-sensitized photocatalysis for the H<sub>2</sub> evolution reaction in this study indicated the importance of the panchromatic sensitization capability for the development of light absorbing PSs.
Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases and Collagenase Inhibition in Lung Secretions (1985)

Conference Abstract| December 01 1985 Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases and Collagenase Inhibition in Lung Secretions D. Burnett; D. Burnett 1Clinical Teaching Block, General Hospital, Birmingham and Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J. Reynold; J. Reynold 1Clinical Teaching Block, General Hospital, Birmingham and Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar S. Afford; S. Afford 1Clinical Teaching Block, General Hospital, Birmingham and Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar R.A. Stockley R.A. Stockley 1Clinical Teaching Block, General Hospital, Birmingham and Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Clin Sci (Lond) (1985) 69 (s12): 78P–79P. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs069078Pb Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation D. Burnett, J. Reynold, S. Afford, R.A. Stockley; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases and Collagenase Inhibition in Lung Secretions. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 December 1985; 69 (s12): 78P–79P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs069078Pb Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsClinical Science Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1985 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society1985 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Using mismatch negativity to measure auditory temporal resolution thresholds (1999)

It has been hypothesized that poor auditory temporal resolution is related to language-learning problems in children as well as problems with speech perception in noise in the elderly. We show that the presence of occasional silent gaps between short tone pips elicits mismatch negativity (MMN) in young adults. We also measured gap-detection thresholds with MMN that agree well with behavioural thresholds. Near threshold, the MMN increases as the gap size increases millisecond by millisecond. The MMN methodology for measuring temporal resolution is not only robust, but can be applied identically across the life span as it does not require the attention of participants or a behavioural response. We are now in a position to examine temporal resolution in infancy.
Keynotes for ISCE 2012 (2012)

Title: “A Day Made of Glass” — A vision for an enabled future: challenges and opportunities Presenter/Title: Zachi Baharav, Ph.D. (Researcher, Corning West Technology Center, Corning Incorporated) Coming's “A Day Made of Glass” video was posted to YouTube.com in February, 2011. Since then, it has been viewed more than 15 million times, received more than 8,000 comments, and about 43,000 ‘likes’! The vision depicted in the video resonated with many viewers as it describes a not-too-far-away future that is very optimistic in nature and promises to make our lives easier. In this talk we will describe how the vision proposed in “A Day Made of Glass” keeps on evolving, and the various technological efforts Corning and others are leading to make it a reality. We will cover various aspects of this issue ranging from the front end user interface, enabling technologies and the whole ecosystem needed to make it a reality.
Role of tachykinins in castor oil diarrhoea in rats (1997)

1. We set out to ascertain the role of tachykinins, neurokinin A and substance P, in castor oil-induced diarrhoea in rats as disclosed by the inhibitory effect of the non-peptide NK1- and NK2-receptor antagonists. SR 140333 and SR 48968, respectively. 2. SR 48968 (0.02 to 20 micrograms kg-1, s.c. or p.o.), and the opioid receptor agonist loperamide (1-10 mg kg-1, p.o.), dose-dependently prevented castor oil effects: % inhibition vs castor oil, diarrhoea 0 to 100, increase in faecal mass 7 to 90 and water content 16 to 90. SR 140333 (0.02 to 20 micrograms kg-1, s.c.) and the platelet activating factor antagonist SR 27417 (5 to 500 micrograms kg-1, p.o.) did not prevent the increase in faecal water content, but reduced faecal mass (35 to 66%) and diarrhoea (0 to 57%). 3. The R-enantiomers of tachykinin NK1 and NK2 receptor antagonists, SR 140603 and SR 48605 (both at 2 or 20 micrograms kg-1, s.c.) had no effect other than reducing faecal mass at the highest dose tested. 4. SR 48968 (20 micrograms kg-1, p.o.) but not loperamide (10 mg kg-1, p.o.) given 24 h before castor oil, still slightly but significantly reduced by 30% the increase of faecal mass output; both treatments significantly reduced (30 to 70%) the effect of castor oil on faecal water content, although the incidence of diarrhoea was only slightly less than in controls. 5. In castor oil-treated rats, naloxone (2 mg kg-1, s.c.) completely blocked the antidiarrhoeal action of loperamide (10 mg kg-1, p.o.) but not of SR 48968 (20 micrograms kg-1, p.o.): a similar result was obtained on faecal mass and water content. 6. Castor oil strongly increased the occurrence of manometrically recorded propulsive giant contractions (500 to 1000% over control values) of transverse and distal colon, this effect being significantly prevented (80 to 100%) by SR 48968 and loperamide and partially by SR 140333 (35% distal colon, 70% transverse colon). 7. In castor oil free rats, loperamide but not SR 48968 or SR 140333 significantly reduced by 50% the gastrointestinal transit of a charcoal test meal, as well as 24 h faecal mass output. Consistently, loperamide, unlike the tachykinin receptor antagonists, had a dramatic effect on manometric recordings of intestinal motility, reducing all kinds of colonic contractions. 8. Our findings suggest that castor oil diarrhoea in rats entails activation of NK1 and NK2 receptors by endogenous tachykinins, whose antagonists may have a potential as antidiarrhoeal agents free from the constipating action of opioids.
Snapshot full-volume coded aperture x-ray diffraction tomography (2016)

X-ray diffraction tomography (XRDT) is a well-established technique that makes it possible to identify the material composition of an object throughout its volume. We show that using coded apertures to structure the measured scatter signal gives rise to a family of imaging architectures than enables snapshot XRDT in up to 4-dimensions. We consider pencil, fan, and cone beam snapshot XRDT and show results from both experimental and simulation-based studies. We find that, while lower-dimensional systems typically result in higher imaging fidelity, higher-dimensional systems can perform adequately for a specific task at orders of magnitude faster scan times.
A survey on the use of relevance feedback for information access systems (2003)

Users of online search engines often find it difficult to express their need for information in the form of a query. However, if the user can identify examples of the kind of documents they require then they can employ a technique known as relevance feedback. Relevance feedback covers a range of techniques intended to improve a user's query and facilitate retrieval of information relevant to a user's information need. In this paper we survey relevance feedback techniques. We study both automatic techniques, in which the system modifies the user's query, and interactive techniques, in which the user has control over query modification. We also consider specific interfaces to relevance feedback systems and characteristics of searchers that can affect the use and success of relevance feedback systems.