gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Semiautomated editing of computed tomography sections for visualization of vasculature</title> (1996)

The goal of our work is to help radiologists remove obscuring structures from a large volume of computed tomography angiography (CTA) images by editing a small number of sections prior to three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction. We combine automated segmentation of the entire volume with manual editing of a small number of sections. The segmentation process uses a neural network to learn thresholds for multilevel thresholding and a constraint- satisfaction neural network to smooth the boundaries of labeled segments. Following segmentation, the user edits a small number of images by pointing and clicking, and then a connectivity procedure automatically selects corresponding segments from other sections by comparing adjacent voxels within and across sections for label identity. Our results suggest that automated segmentation followed by minimal manual editing is a promising approach to editing of CTA sequences. However, prerequisites to clinical utility are evaluation of segmentation accuracy and development of methods for resolution of label ambiguity.
Camera phone based motion sensing (2006)

This paper presents TinyMotion, a pure software approach for detecting a mobile phone user's hand movement in real time by analyzing image sequences captured by the built-in camera. We present the design and implementation of TinyMotion and several interactive applications based on TinyMotion. Through both an informal evaluation and a formal 17-participant user study, we found that 1. TinyMotion can detect camera movement reliably under most background and illumination conditions. 2. Target acquisition tasks based on TinyMotion follow Fitts' law and Fitts law parameters can be used for TinyMotion based pointing performance measurement. 3. The users can use Vision TiltText, a TinyMotion enabled input method, to enter sentences faster than MultiTap with a few minutes of practicing. 4. Using camera phone as a handwriting capture device and performing large vocabulary, multilingual real time handwriting recognition on the cell phone are feasible. 5. TinyMotion based gaming is enjoyable and immediately available for the current generation camera phones. We also report user experiences and problems with TinyMotion based interaction as resources for future design and development of mobile interfaces.
Reactions of Coordinated Ligands. X. The Formation and Properties of a Tetradentate Macrocyclic Ligand by the Self-Condensation of o-Aminobenzaldehyde in the Presence of Metal Ions (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of Coordinated Ligands. X. The Formation and Properties of a Tetradentate Macrocyclic Ligand by the Self-Condensation of o-Aminobenzaldehyde in the Presence of Metal IonsGordon A. Melson and Daryle H. BuschCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 22, 4834–4837Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01076a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01076a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views606Altmetric-Citations79LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The multiple faces of nicotine and its implications in tissue and wound repair (2009)

Nicotine, one of the thousands of chemicals in cigarette smoke has a highly debated effect on cell proliferation and tissue healing. Recent studies documented its pro-angiogenesis effects by stimulating endothelial cell alpha7-non-neronal nicotinic acetyl choline receptors (alpha7 N-nACHR). It is well known that individuals who smoke or have diabetes experience impaired wound healing although for different reasons. This review evaluates several current studies relating to nicotine's ability to mediate cellular activation, migration and angiogenesis in attempts to correlate these data with nicotine's ability to repair wounds in ischaemic tissue. While its beneficial effects are still under investigation, important findings regarding nicotine's acceleration of atherosclerosis, tumor angiogenesis, cell proliferation e and resistance to apoptosis put its systemic use into question. Based on the good and bad sides of nicotine, it is recommended to restrict its utility to local applications.
27Al and 29Si MAS NMR Study of Zeolite MCM-22 (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT27Al and 29Si MAS NMR Study of Zeolite MCM-22Waclaw Kolodziejski, Claudio Zicovich-Wilson, Catalina Corell, Joaquin Perez-Pariente, and Avelino CormaCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 18, 7002–7008Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100018a037https://doi.org/10.1021/j100018a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views994Altmetric-Citations81LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Carbohydrates as Chiral Auxiliaries: The Asymmetric Epoxidation Reaction of Olefins. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A hardware accelerated approach for imaging flow cytometry (2013)

Imaging flow cytometry uses high-speed flows and a camera to capture morphological features of hundreds to thousands of cells per second. These morphological features can be useful to isolate sub-populations of cells for life science research and diagnostics. Our experimental setup utilizes a high speed 208×32 resolution CMOS camera, operating at over 140,000 frames per second (FPS). In each frame, the analysis routine detects the presence of an object, and performs morphology measurements. Real-time cell sorting requires a latency under 10 ms in addition to a throughput of 140,000 FPS. In this paper, we will describe GPU and FPGA accelerated implementations of the image analysis necessary for an automated cell sorting system. Our FPGA design results in a 38x speedup over software, providing 2,262 FPS with 11.9 ms of latency. Our GPU implementation shows a 22x speedup, supporting 1,318 FPS with 152 ms of latency.
PPEP: Online Performance, Power, and Energy Prediction Framework and DVFS Space Exploration (2014)

Performance, power, and energy (PPE) are critical aspects of modern computing. It is challenging to accurately predict, in real time, the effect of dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) on PPE across a wide range of voltages and frequencies. This results in the use of reactive, iterative, and inefficient algorithms for dynamically finding good DVFS states. We propose PPEP, an online PPE prediction framework that proactively and rapidly searches the DVFS space. PPEP uses hardware events to implement both a cycles-per-instruction (CPI) model as well as a per-core power model in order to predict PPE across all DVFS states. We verify on modern AMD CPUs that the PPEP power model achieves an average error of 4.6% (2.8% standard deviation) on 152 benchmark combinations at 5 distinct voltage-frequency states. Predicting average chip power across different DVFS states achieves an average error of 4.2% with a 3.6% standard deviation. Further, we demonstrate the usage of PPEP by creating and evaluating a highly responsive power capping mechanism that can meet power targets in a single step. PPEP also provides insights for future development of DVFS technologies. For example, we find that it is important to carefully consider background workloads for DVFS policies and that enabling north bridge DVFS can offer up to 20% additional energy saving or a 1.4x performance improvement.
Nanocrystal Self‐Assembly with Rod–Rod Block Copolymers (2011)

Two distinct morphologies of hexylselenophene-hexylthiophene rod-rod block copolymer films can be prepared depending on the molecular weight of the sample (see picture: left M(n) =12.9, right M(n) =3.9 kg mol(-1)). These polymers can be used to organize spherical CdSe nanocrystals (yellow) into either dispersed or aligned hierarchical structures. Scale bars: 200 nm.
Radioiodinated, photoactivatable phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylserine: transfer properties and differential photoreactive interaction with human erythrocyte membrane proteins (1987)

An isotopically labeled cross-linking reagent, succinimido 3-(3-[125I]iodo-4-azidophenyl)propionate, has been synthesized and coupled to 1-acyl-2-(aminocaproyl)phosphatidylcholine according to previously described procedures [Schroit, A. J., & Madsen, J. (1983) Biochemistry 22, 3617-3623]. 125I- and N3-labeled phosphatidylserine (125I-N3-PS) was produced from the phosphatidylcholine (PC) analogue by phospholipase D catalyzed base exchange in the presence of L-serine. These phospholipid analogues are photoactivatable, are labeled with 125I at high specific activity, completely incorporate into synthetic vesicles, and spontaneously transfer between membranes. When an excess of acceptor vesicles or red blood cells (RBC) was mixed with a population of donor vesicles containing the 125I-N3-phospholipids, approximately 40% of the analogues transferred to the acceptor population. After transfer in the dark to RBC, all of the 125I-N3-PC incorporated into the cells could be removed by washing with serum, whereas the 125I-N3-PS could not. After photolabeling of intact RBC, approximately 50% of the PC and 20% of the PS cross-linked to membrane proteins as determined by their insolubility in CHCl3/MeOH. Analysis of probe distribution by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that 125I-N3-PS preferentially labeled a Mr 30,000 peptide which contained approximately 30% of the protein-bound label.
Preservation of products with MCI/MI in Switzerland (2001)

Preservation of products with the combination of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolinone (methylchloroisothiazolinone, MCI) and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolinone (methylisothiazolinone, MI), commercialized as Kathon CG or WT, is widely used. Allergic contact dermatitis reactions to the preservative have been described in many publications of epidemiological studies. In addition, a number of allergic, airborne reactions to MCI/MI were observed in recent years. The aim of the presented study was: (i) to compare epidemiological data of MCI/MI with data of other preservatives; (ii) to estimate the possible exposure to MCI/MI from commercial products and the distribution of MCI/MI in chemical products based on a product evaluation of the chemical product register of the Swiss Federal Office of Public Health; (iii) to estimate the exposure to MCI/MI, volatile organic chemicals (VOC) and glycols from freshly painted walls; (iv) to compare the contact allergenic potential of MCI/MI with other preservatives. It was found that the number of registered chemical products, unambiguously identifiable as containing MCI increased from 3644 products in July 1999 to 4843 products in April 2001 in Switzerland. It is estimated that today, the total number of chemical products preserved with MCI/MI on the Swiss market is about 6000. A further increase is to be expected. The contact allergenic potential of MCI/MI seems to be higher than for other preservatives. Measurements of MCI/MI concentrations in air samples of freshly painted rooms have shown that the concentration of MCI/MI in the air a few days after painting may be high enough to elicit airborne reactions in already-sensitized patients. In a single case, reactions to MCI/MI were observed over months after wall painting. In this case, both wall paint and plaster contained MCI (40 and 46 ppm). Volatile organic chemicals (VOC) may also be relevant for the elicitation of airborne reactions. In 1/3 of the measurements, the VOC concentrations measured within 14 days after painting were in a range within which sensory irritation and discomfort may be induced. Declaration of MCI/MI-containing products, replacement of MCI/MI by alternative preservatives or the separate use of preservatives in industrial products and in cosmetics might reduce the risk of airborne reactions.
Overcoming differential tumor penetration of BRAF inhibitors using computationally guided combination therapy (2022)

BRAF-targeted kinase inhibitors (KIs) are used to treat malignancies including BRAF-mutant non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, anaplastic thyroid cancer, and, most prominently, melanoma. However, KI selection criteria in patients remain unclear, as are pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) mechanisms that may limit context-dependent efficacy and differentiate related drugs. To address this issue, we imaged mouse models of BRAF-mutant cancers, fluorescent KI tracers, and unlabeled drug to calibrate in silico spatial PK/PD models. Results indicated that drug lipophilicity, plasma clearance, faster target dissociation, and, in particular, high albumin binding could limit dabrafenib action in visceral metastases compared to other KIs. This correlated with retrospective clinical observations. Computational modeling identified a timed strategy for combining dabrafenib and encorafenib to better sustain BRAF inhibition, which showed enhanced efficacy in mice. This study thus offers principles of spatial drug action that may help guide drug development, KI selection, and combination.
In vivo determination of triglyceride (TG) secretion in rats fed different dietary saturated fats using (2- sup 3 H)-glycerol (1990)

Male, Sprague-Dawley rats (154{plus minus}1 g) were fed diets containing 2% corn oil (CO) + 14% butterfat (BF), beef tallow (BT), olive oil (OO) or coconut oil (CN) vs a 16% CO control diet for 5 weeks. Changes in plasma TG specific activity (dpm/mg TG) were determined in individual unanesthetized rats after injection of 100 {mu}Ci (2-{sup 3}H)-glycerol via a carotid cannula. Fractional rate constants were obtained using a 2-compartment model and nonlinear regression analysis. Results demonstrated no difference in the fractional rate constants among dietary groups; but, differences in the rates of hepatic TG secretion were noted. Rats fed BT showed a higher rate of hepatic TG secretion than rats fed CO. Rats fed BF, OO or CN showed somewhat higher rates of hepatic TG secretion than CO. VLDL TG, phospholipid, and apolipoprotein B and E levels were higher with saturated fats vs CO. The data suggest that the higher plasma TG levels noted in response to feeding saturated fats vs corn oil can be explained, in part, by an increased flux of hepatic TG secretion.
The natriuretic peptide hormones prevent Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation through a specific bacterial target (2017)

We have shown that the C-type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP), a peptide produced in the lung, reduces Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation. Herein, we clarified the effect of CNP and studied the effect of two other members of the natriuretic peptide family, the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and the brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) on P. aeruginosa biofilm. We observed that exposure of P. aeruginosa to graded concentrations of ANP, CNP or BNP (10-9 to 10-6 M) induced a dose-related inhibition of biofilm formation under dynamic conditions. In parallel, we showed that static biofilms formed by P. aeruginosa are impacted by BNP and CNP but more modestly as compared with the dynamic conditions. An in silico study comparing protein sequences of human natriuretic peptide receptors and Pseudomonas proteins revealed that the bacterial protein AmiC could be the sensor for natriuretic peptides. Using MicroScaleThermophoresis, we showed that both CNP and ANP bind AmiC with a K D of 2 µM, whereas BNP has no affinity for AmiC. Interestingly, an amiC mutant strain was not impaired in biofilm formation in the presence of CNP at 10-7 M or less, while it remained sensitive to BNP. We demonstrate that the natriuretic peptides strongly prevent biofilm formation through different mechanisms. Indeed, we showed that CNP and ANP which are the more expressed peptides in the lung act specifically through the AmiC sensor, whereas the BNP peptide seems to possess a non specific activity. This discrepancy should have major consequences to design drugs for biofilm treatment.
Importance of normohydration for the long-term survival of haemodialysis patients (2012)

Fluid overload has a very high predictive value for all-cause mortality and seems to be one of the major killers in the HD population. Patients might strongly benefit from active management of fluid overload.
Fisetin Protects HaCaT Human Keratinocytes from Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5)-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis by Inhibiting the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response (2021)

Fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) originates from the combustion of coal and is found in the exhaust of fumes of diesel vehicles. PM<sub>2.5</sub> readily penetrates the skin via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, causing skin senescence, inflammatory skin diseases, DNA damage, and carcinogenesis. In this study, we investigated whether fisetin, a bioactive flavonoid, prevents PM<sub>2.5</sub>-induced apoptosis in HaCaT human keratinocytes. The results demonstrated that fisetin significantly downregulated PM<sub>2.5</sub>-induced apoptosis at concentrations below 10 μM. Fisetin strongly inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins. The PM<sub>2.5</sub>-induced apoptosis was associated with the induction of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, mediated via the protein kinase R-like ER kinase (PERK)-eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α)-activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4)-CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) homologous protein (CHOP) axis. Additionally, the cytosolic Ca<sup>2+</sup> levels were markedly increased following exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub>. However, fisetin inhibited the expression of ER stress-related proteins, including 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), phospho-eIF2α, ATF4, and CHOP, and reduced the cytosolic Ca<sup>2+</sup> levels. These data suggest that fisetin inhibits PM<sub>2.5</sub>-induced apoptosis by inhibiting the ER stress response and production of ROS.
ROLLOVER CRASH SENSING AND SAFETY OVERVIEW. IN: OCCUPANT AND VEHICLE RESPONSES IN ROLLOVERS (2004)

Rollovers account for 10.5% of the first harmful events in fatal crashes and 19.5% of vehicles in fatal crashes had a rollover in the impact sequence. This overview chapter on rollover crash sensing and safety serves as the introduction to a comprehensive textbook on occupant and vehicle responses in rollovers. In this chapter, the authors provide an overview of rollover crash safety, including field crash statistics, pre- and rollover dynamics, test procedures, and dummy responses. The chapter also describes a research program aimed at defining rollover sensing requirements to activate belt pretensioners, roof-rail airbags, and convertible pop-up rollbars. The work required an understanding of the most relevant conditions for field rollovers, vehicle responses, and occupant kinematics in the vehicle. The most common rollovers involve a soil trip, fall-over, and curb trip. The researchers used cross-plots of vehicle roll rate and angle to consider triggering requirements for safety systems and to determine the timing of occupant motion in the vehicle. Results show that some rollovers require triggering of safety systems when the vehicle has only a 10-20 deg. roll angle because roll angular velocities exceed 100 deg./sec. The authors also include a bibliography of relevant literature.
Apodized aperture imaging optics for Compton-scattered x-ray and gamma-ray imaging systems (2011)

To improve the resolution and field of view of high-energy Compton-scattered x-ray and gamma-ray imaging systems, we have developed and tested apodized imaging optics based on apertures with depth-dependent cross sections fabricated in an x-ray-absorbing material. Through ray-tracing modeling, we determined the optimum aperture shapes (apodizations) that maximize the field of view and/or resolution of the system. Such apodized apertures can be used either in single-aperture optics, or in coded-aperture arrays. Potential applications of this technology include nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of materials and structures, in particular Compton imaging tomography (CIT), x-ray and gamma-ray astronomy, and medical imaging.