gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acute Surgical Management of Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations (1994)

THE MAJORITY OF intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) do not require acute surgical intervention. Some patients, however, require emergent surgical treatment because of a profound neurological deterioration from a mass effect. We report 10 patients who underwent emergency AVM surgery after experiencing neurological deterioration from an intracranial hemorrhage. Two patients bled spontaneously, whereas eight had an intracranial hemorrhage secondary to an embolization procedure. When the patients demonstrated neurological deterioration, they were intubated, hyperventilated, and underwent osmotic diuresis. Barbiturate anesthesia was initiated, and surgery was performed within 30 minutes in most cases. The hematomas were evacuated, and an attempt was made to excise the AVMs at the same time. Postoperatively, intracranial pressure was monitored, and barbiturate coma was maintained until the intracranial pressure returned to normal. Cerebral perfusion pressure was maintained above 55 mm Hg. The operation was confined to evacuating the hematoma in two patients with inoperable AVMs. The other eight patients underwent concomitant total AVM resection. Because of the severity of neurological deterioration, one patient who bled spontaneously underwent surgery based only on a computed tomographic scan of the brain. Nine patients made a good-to-excellent recovery. One patient with a large motor-strip AVM remained hemiplegic. We conclude that in patients presenting with profound neurological deterioration after a spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage or one associated with an embolization procedure, prompt hematoma evacuation with simultaneous AVM excision as well as perioperative intracranial pressure control with mannitol and barbiturates can yield a good-to-excellent outcome.
Candidate-gene association study searching for genetic factors involved in migraine chronification (2014)

We present the first comprehensive genetic association study for migraine chronification. There were no significant findings. Future studies may benefit from larger, genome-wide data sets or should use other genetic approaches to identify genetic factors involved in migraine chronification.
Subcutaneous Interleukin-2 Monotherapy for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma in Korean Patients (2021)

Purpose: This study was a prospective single-arm clinical trial aimed at assessing the efficacy and toxicity of subcutaneous interleukin (IL)-2 monotherapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC).Materials and Methods: We enrolled 26 patients with metastatic RCC in this multicenter controlled trial. The patients received subcutaneous injections of recombinant IL-2 (BMI-rh-IL2, an aldesleukin biosimilar, BMIKOREA Co., Ltd.) in 5-week cycles. In the first week, the patients received a subcutaneous IL-2 loading dose of 18×10&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; IU once on treatment days 1–5, followed by 2 days of rest. In the following 3 weeks, they received a dose of 18×10&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; IU via subcutaneous injection once on treatment days 1 and 2. Then, the patients received a dose of 9×10&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; IU via subcutaneous injection once on treatment days 3, 4, and 5, followed by 2 days of rest. The primary end point was the objective response rate; the secondary end points were progressionfree survival (PFS) and safety.Results: Overall, 22 patients were included in the final per-protocol analysis. The objective response and the disease control rates were 13.64% (3 of 22), and 90.9% (20 of 22), respectively. The mean PFS was 5.55 months (95% confidence interval, 2.71–8.4). The proportion of patients who experienced a treatment-related grade 3 or 4 adverse event was 3.85% (1 of 26). There were no treatment-related deaths.Conclusions: In this study, the subcutaneous IL-2 monotherapy regimen demonstrated efficacy and safety comparable to those reported in previous studies of subcutaneous IL-2 monotherapy and was effective in Korean patients with metastatic RCC.
Temporal adaptation strategies for spatio-temporal image alignment in inter-sequence error concealment of digital TV (2011)

In multi-broadcast scenarios, inter-sequence error concealment replaces lost image blocks of digital TV signals with error-free ones of low-resolution reference signals. Although single reference frames are misaligned spatio-temporally, the reconstruction quality is significantly higher than for conventional techniques. However, it can be further increased by reusing the alignment parameters of previous frames in case of misalignment of the current frame. Two strategies are proposed for this temporal adaptation of the alignment parameters either minimizing the additional complexity or maximizing the reconstruction quality. Overall, a gain of up to 5.0 dB PSNR Y is obtained while the computation time does not rise by more than 1.8%.
Plasma etching of high-resolution features in a fullerene molecular resist (2011)

As resist films become thinner, so as to reduce problems of aspect ratio related pattern collapse at high-resolution, it is becoming increasingly difficult to transfer patterns with useful aspect ratio by directly etching the resist. It has become common to use the photoresist to pattern an intermediate hardmask, which then protects the silicon substrate during etching, allowing useful aspect ratios but adding process complexity. We have previously described a fullerene based electron beam lithography resist capable of 20 nm halfpitch and 12 nm sparse features, at a sensitivity of less than 10 &mu;C/cm<sup>2</sup> at 20 keV. The fullerene resist has high etch durability - comparable to that of commercial novolac resists - and has previously demonstrated an etch selectivity of 3:1 to silicon using electron cyclotron resonance microwave plasma etching with SF<sub>6</sub>. Here a study of the capabilities of this resist when using Inductively Coupled Plasma etching is presented. Line-space patterns with half-pitches in the range 25 nm to 100 nm, together with sparse features (~20 nm linewidth on a 200 nm pitch) were produced in ~30 nm thick resist films using electron beam lithography, and transferred to silicon using an inductively coupled plasma etcher. Several combinations of SF<sub>6</sub>, CF<sub>4</sub>, CHF<sub>3</sub> and C<sub>4</sub>F<sub>8</sub>process gases were explored. Etch selectivity and anisotropy were studied as a range of etching parameters, such as ICP and RF power, gas flow rate, pressure and temperature were varied. Etch selectivities in excess of 9:1 were demonstrated. Techniques for minimizing aspect ratio dependent etching effects in dense features, including the use of ashing or high etching pressures were also examined.
Reduction of carbon dioxide and other substrates using photochemical reactions of the decacarbonylditungstate(2-) complex (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReduction of carbon dioxide and other substrates using photochemical reactions of the decacarbonylditungstate(2-) complexNed D. Silavwe, Alan S. Goldman, Robin Ritter, and David R. TylerCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1989, 28, 7, 1231–1236Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00306a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00306a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views308Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Neural networks: theory and applications (1992)

Weightless neural tools - toward cognitive macrostructures, L. Aleksander an estimation theoretic basis for the design of sorting and classification network, R.W. Brockett a self organizing ARTMAP neural architecture for supervized learning and pattern recognition, G.A. Carpenter et al hybrid neural network architectures - equilibrium systems that pay attention, L.N. Cooper neural networks for internal representation of movements in primates and robots, R. Eckmiller et al recognition and segmentation of characters in handwriting with selective attention, K. Fukushima et al adaptive acquisition of language, A.L. Gorin et al what connectionist models learn - learning and representation in connectionist networks, S.J. Hanson and D.J. Burr early vision, focal attention and neural nets, B. Julesz toward hierarchical matched filtering, R. Hecht-Nielsen some variations on training of recurrent networks, G.M. Kuhn and N.P. Herzberg generalized perception networks with nonlinear discriminant functions, S.Y. Kung et al neural tree networks, A. Sankar and R. Mammone capabilities and training of feedforward nets, E.D. Sontag a fast learning algorithm for multilayer neural network based on projection methods, S.J. Yeh and H. Stark.
Improving the Carrier Lifetime of Tin Sulfide via Prediction and Mitigation of Harmful Point Defects (2017)

Tin monosulfide (SnS) is an emerging thin-film absorber material for photovoltaics. An outstanding challenge is to improve carrier lifetimes to >1 ns, which should enable >10% device efficiencies. However, reported results to date have only demonstrated lifetimes at or below 100 ps. In this study, we employ defect modeling to identify the sulfur vacancy and defects from Fe, Co, and Mo as most recombination-active. We attempt to minimize these defects in crystalline samples through high-purity, sulfur-rich growth and experimentally improve lifetimes to >3 ns, thus achieving our 1 ns goal. This framework may prove effective for unlocking the lifetime potential in other emerging thin-film materials by rapidly identifying and mitigating lifetime-limiting point defects.
Decoration of MoSI Nanowires With Platinum Nanoparticles and Transformation Into Molybdenum-nanowire Based Networks (2013)

In this communication, we present solution-based coating procedure of MoSI nanowires (NW) with platinum nanoparticles. The average particle diameter was found to be around 2.82 nm, showing a narrow size distribution. This single-step in situ reduction method at room temperature in water solution can easily be applied for large-scale applications. We also prepared two-dimensional networks of MoSI NW bundles by deposition via spraying from a purified stable dispersion in acetonitrile onto NaCl crystals and nonconductive silicon wafer with pre-assembled molybdenum electrodes. The formation of a conductive molybdenum network was achieved by annealing in hydrogen due to coalescence of the templates MoSI bundles during transformation. Stable water dispersion of molybdenum NW network was prepared by simply dissolving the NaCl substrate with molybdenum network on the surface.
Search for the Chiral Magnetic Effect via Charge-Dependent Azimuthal Correlations Relative to Spectator and Participant Planes in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200  GeV. (2022)

The chiral magnetic effect (CME) refers to charge separation along a strong magnetic field due to imbalanced chirality of quarks in local parity and charge-parity violating domains in quantum chromodynamics. The experimental measurement of the charge separation is made difficult by the presence of a major background from elliptic azimuthal anisotropy. This background and the CME signal have different sensitivities to the spectator and participant planes, and could thus be determined by measurements with respect to these planes. We report such measurements in Au+Au collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 200 GeV at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider. It is found that the charge separation, with the flow background removed, is consistent with zero in peripheral (large impact parameter) collisions. Some indication of finite CME signals is seen in midcentral (intermediate impact parameter) collisions. Significant residual background effects may, however, still be present.
Simultaneous emission, transmission scan for the measurement of 3-dimensional absolute activity distribution using dual isotope, TEW scatter compensation method and fan beam collimation (2002)

Photon attenuation is one of the most important factors degrading the quantitative accuracy of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images. The precise information of attenuation distribution is needed for accurate attenuation compensation. Recently, a lot of methods to measure attenuation distribution using transmission computed tomography (TCT) scans have been reported. The simultaneous SPECT and TCT scan with dual isotopes, which is possible in SPECT systems, but not PET, was investigated as a way to avoid the problems of misalignment and longer scan times for clinical applications. In simultaneous system, however, there are scatter from emission to transmission and from transmission to emission. These scatter must be compensated for quantitative SPECT. To obtain quantitative SPECT images the authors designed and built a simultaneous transmission/emission scan and scatter compensation system (based on a Toshiba GCA-9300A HG triple head SPECT camera) using the TEW method and fan beam collimator for brain SPECT. The analysis of the distribution of the scatter component using the regional energy spectrum is very useful for evaluating scatter compensation. Here, the authors describe the analysis of simulated and measured energy spectrums of TCT scans and three dimensional absolute activity measurement in brain phantoms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Carbon: Inorganic Chemistry (2015)

Abstract The article provides a brief and general overview of the chemical and physical properties of carbon, relevant to inorganic chemistry and mineralogy. Several allotropes of carbon are noted, and general properties are discussed. The characteristics and synthetic methods for the preparation of simple compounds involving carbon, or carbon and hydrogen, with halogens, oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen, are provided. This is complemented by brief overviews of metal carbides and mineral chemistry of carbon compounds, excluding metal carbonates. Finally, developments in supramolecular chemistry to construct ladderlike carbon frameworks are outlined.
Outcomes and prognostic factors in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma: final report from the international T-cell Project (2021)

Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a unique subtype of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) with distinct clinicopathologic features and poor prognosis. We performed a subset analysis of 282 patients with AITL enrolled between 2006 and 2018 in the international prospective T-cell Project (NCT01142674). The primary and secondary end points were 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), respectively. We analyzed the prognostic impact of clinical covariates and progression of disease within 24 months (POD24) and developed a novel prognostic score. The median age was 64 years, and 90% of patients had advanced-stage disease. Eighty-one percent received anthracycline-based regimens, and 13% underwent consolidative autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) in first complete remission (CR1). Five-year OS and PFS estimates were 44% and 32%, respectively, with improved outcomes for patients who underwent ASCT in CR1. In multivariate analysis, age ≥60 years, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status >2, elevated C-reactive protein, and elevated β2 microglobulin were associated with inferior outcomes. A novel prognostic score (AITL score) combining these factors defined low-, intermediate-, and high-risk subgroups with 5-year OS estimates of 63%, 54%, and 21%, respectively, with greater discriminant power than established prognostic indices. Finally, POD24 was a powerful prognostic factor with 5-year OS of 63% for patients without POD24 compared with only 6% for patients with POD24 (P < .0001). These data will require validation in a prospective cohort of homogeneously treated patients. Optimal treatment of AITL continues to be an unmet need, and novel therapeutic approaches are required.
Figure S1 from A Novel Engineered Anti-CD20 Tracer Enables Early Time PET Imaging in a Humanized Transgenic Mouse Model of B-cell Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file 524K, MicroPET images are Ramos CD20 (+) tumor bearing mice (n= 3) administered with 64Cu-Do-FN3CD20 (A) and 64Cu-Do-rituximab (B) tracers. Coronal images of PET were acquired after 4h and 24h (PET/CT) p.i. Organs uptake presented in the table were mean plus-minus SD {plus-minus} ID/g measured by either ROI or by ex vivo weighing (Bio) sacrificed after 24h p.i and counting the tissues in gamma counter. L= Liver, K= Kidney, BP = blood pool, and arrow = tumor. ND: not detected. T: O = tumor to organ ratio liver, kidney and spleen&lt;/p&gt;
Forecast-Informed Energy Storage Utilization in Local Area Power Systems (2018)

Distributed energy storage is beneficial to energy consumers and system operators, but it is expensive to install and requires careful management. To improve the viability of demandside energy storage, this study presents a new method of obtaining optimal control actions for a demand-side energy storage system in the presence of distributed generation. The optimal usage policy is determined by framing the selection of charge and discharge actions as a stochastic optimization problem, which is conveniently represented as a Markov decision process. The proposed method uses short-term forecasts of loads and local generation to represent the time-dependence and nonstationarity of the net load profile. In contrast to previous studies, the forecast information is used to restrict the problem state space, reducing the computational complexity of the policy calculation. The method is tested using historic load and generation data with real time-of-use rate schedules and achieves substantial reductions in energy costs over similar existing methods.
Cross-layer exploration of link adaptation in wireless LANs with TCP traffic (2003)

Abstract — Wireless communication systems enable new and exciting applications, but also impose significant technical challenges to achieve the required performance at minimal energy consumption. Traditionally, those systems are designed and optimized for operation in one typical situation, taking into account some worst case considerations and a functional layer partitioning which simplifies the design to a great extent. To enable a broad range of applications in a highly dynamic wireless environment, with optimal performance in each situation, this worst case partitioning of the system is not a good strategy. In this paper we show that a physical layer mode, optimal from a physical-centric point of view, results in a bad performance when used with a real protocol stack on top of it. We show that this effect is strengthened when the system is designed on the edge of what is possible for its energy budget. A new cross-layer design methodology is the only way to achieve the best possible end user performance versus energy and deserves extensive further research. I.
Model Predictive Direct Current Control of Modular Multi-level Converters (2013)

Modular Multi-level Converters (M2LCs) are mostly controlled by using a hierarchical control scheme, where at least two control loops are required for controlling the load currents and balancing the capacitor voltages. This paper proposes a single controller, which is based on Model Predictive Direct Current Control (MPDCC) with long prediction horizons, to directly control the load currents within tight bounds around their sinusoidal references and balance the capacitor voltages. MPDCC uses a model of the converter for an online optimization process to deliver the best possible performance during both steady-state and transient operating conditions. A conceptual description and control algorithm of the proposed controller are presented in this paper. To validate the proposed concept, simulated performance of a three-phase, three-level 2 MVA grid connected M2LC is presented with a discussion. A comparison with a vector control (VC) pulse width modulation (PWM) scheme is also carried out to demonstrate the improvements in performance associated with the MPDCC scheme.
Supplementary Figures 1 - 4 from Somatic <i>ERCC2</i> Mutations Correlate with Cisplatin Sensitivity in Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 1. Mutation rates by cohort. Supplementary Figure 2. ERCC2 mutations. Supplementary Figure 3. ERCC2 mutation status and overall survival. Supplementary Figure 4. ERCC2 mutations occur in highly conserved regions.&lt;/p&gt;
mperature Superconducting Magnetic ields Formed y Deep Drawing (1996)

A new method for the construction of high- temperature superconducting magnetic shielding structures has been demonstrated. With this process, a ceramic laminate of high-temperature superconducting powder and silver metal sheets is formed and then shaped into a cylindrical magnetic shield by deep drawing before being sintered. Two types of superconducting powders were used in this experiment, YBaz Cu3 07 and Bil sPbo 4Srz Caz Cu3 0, , which exhibited shielding factors of 1100 and 330, respectively.
Sunlight Induced Functionalization of Some Heterocyclic Bases in the Presence of Polycrystalline TiO2. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Finite Element Modeling of the Cortical Bone Region Using Clinical CT Images (2006)

Since the cortical bone has higher elastic modulus compared to the cancellous bone, its geometry is very important for stress analysis of bone structure. During finite element modeling of bone structure, cortical bone is generally determined as the region having higher CT values with respect to specific threshold value. However, it is difficult to determine the thin cortical bone regions by considering a specific threshold value. This study proposes a method to select regions of cortical bone from clinical CT images by considering CT value distributions of cortical and cancellous bone. Applying the method to bovine proximal femur, the mean error in cortical thickness compared to the actual bone was found to be less than one pixel (0.39×0.39 mm). Hence, the proposed method could accurately determine the cortical bone regions from clinical CT images. The method was also applied to develop a finite element model with the precise cortical bone structure.