gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Frequency-domain Space-Time Block Coded-Joint Transmit/Receive Diversity for The Single Carrier Transmission (2006)

Recently, frequency-domain pre-equalization (pre-FDE) transmission has been attracting attention for improving the broadband DS-CDMA (or single carrier (SC)) transmission performance in a frequency-selective fading channel. To further improve the transmission performance, antenna diversity technique is very effective. However, so far the joint use of pre-FDE and the receive diversity has not been fully discussed. Recently, we proposed the space-time block coded-joint transmit/receive diversity (STBC-JTRD) for the narrowband transmission in a frequency-nonselective fading channel. STBC-JTRD allows an arbitrary number of transmit antennas while limiting the number of receive antennas to 4. In this paper, we extend the STBC-JTRD to the case of frequency-selective fading channel and propose the frequency-domain STBC-JTRD for the SC transmission in a frequency-selective fading channel. The average bit error rate (BER) performance of the SC transmission with frequency-domain STBC-JTRD is evaluated by the computer simulation
The use of the boundary element method to compute MR image distortions caused by tissue susceptibility (2002)

The clinical applicability of MR images is restricted by geometrical distortions caused by magnetic susceptibility differences between air and tissue. Here, the authors describe a method to compute these kind of distortions in spin echo MR images. Starting from the Boundary Element method (BEM) and the assumption that the susceptibilities are small, a formula is derived to compute the distorted magnetic field. This formula is efficient when the magnetic field is needed at a limited number of points, e.g. to compute geometrical distortions of a set of markers. The maximum difference between the BEM solution and the analytical solution for a sphere was 0.053 ppm of the static field. The method was applied to simulate the displacement vector field of the surface of a human head. The distortions can be as large as 3 mm for points just outside the surface of the head when a gradient strength of 3 mT/m is used. Within the head the distortion can be described accurately as a linear scaling in the axial direction.
MIRG Survey 2011: Snapshot of Rapidly Evolving Label-Free Technologies Used for Characterizing Molecular Interactions (2012)

The field of label-free biophysical technologies used to quantitatively characterize macromolecular interactions with each other and with small molecules has grown enormously in the last 10 years. The most widely used analytical technologies for characterizing biomolecular interactions are surface plasmon resonance (SPR), isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), biolayer interferometry (BLI), and analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC). Measuring interaction parameters accurately and quantitatively is challenging, as it requires specialized expertise, training, and instrumentation. The Molecular Interaction Research Group (MIRG) conducted an online survey designed to capture the current profile of label-free technologies, including ITC, SPR, and other biosensors used in academia and the pharmaceutical industry sector. The main goal of the survey was to take a snapshot of laboratory, instrumentation, applications for measuring various biophysical parameters, confidence in data interpretation, data validation and acceptability, and limitations of using various technologies. Through this survey, we anticipate that the participating laboratories will be able to gauge their own capabilities and gain insights into the relative success of the different technologies that they use for characterizing molecular interactions.
Una ciudad bajo la ciudad. Las tipologías sepulcrales y su función social en una metrópolis mediterránea bajo el Antiguo Régimen: Nápoles en el siglo XVIII (2010)

La intención con este artículo es describir el sistema de sepulturas urbanas en una de las ciudades más pobladas de la edad moderna, relacionando las tipologías sepulcrales tradicionales con el contexto político y socio-económico del siglo XVIII, época en la que se dio el nacimiento de un movimiento de reforma de las prácticas funerarias y los primeros intentos de llevar a cabo lo que los historiadores definen como “el exilio de los muertos”. La ciudad de Nápoles constituye un campo de observación privilegiado de los sistemas urbanos de sepultura en el Antiguo Régimen. La documentación disponible en la materia y la posibilidad de visitar algunas instalaciones, todavía visibles en algunas iglesias convertidas en monumentos, son fuentes preciosas para la investigación histórica. El objetivo es poner de manifiesto la pluralidad de elementos que participaron en la creación, transformación y eliminación de los sepulcros urbanos en las ciudades europeas de Antiguo Régimen, para proporcionar una visión más amplia y, tal vez, también más compleja del fenómeno.
Mutant polycystin-2 induces proliferation in primary rat tubular epithelial cells in a STAT-1/p21-independent fashion accompanied (2008)

Background: Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is characterized by the formation of multiple fluid-filled cysts that destroy the kidney architecture resulting in end-stage renal failure. Mutations in genes PKD1 and PKD2 account for nearly all cases of ADPKD. Increased cell proliferation is one of the key features of the disease. Several studies indicated that polycystin1 regulates cellular proliferation through various signaling pathways, but little is known about the role played by polycystin-2, the product of PKD2. Recently, it was reported that as with polycystin1, polycystin-2 can act as a negative regulator of cell growth by modulating the levels of the cyclindependent kinase inhibitor, p21 and the activity of the cyclin-dependent kinase 2, Cdk2. Methods: Here we utilized different kidney cell-lines expressing wild-type and mutant PKD2 as well as primary tubular epithelial cells isolated from a PKD transgenic rat to further explore the contribution of the p21/Cdk2 pathway in ADPKD proliferation. Results: Surprisingly, over-expression of wild-type PKD2 in renal cell lines failed to inactivate Cdk2 and consequently had no effect on cell proliferation. On the other hand, expression of mutated PKD2 augmented proliferation only in the primary tubular epithelial cells of a rat model but this was independent of the STAT-1/p21 pathway. On the contrary, multiple approaches revealed unequivocally that expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p57KIP2, is downregulated, while p21 remains unchanged. This p57 reduction is accompanied by an increase in Cdk2 levels. Conclusion: Our results indicate the probable involvement of p57 KIP2 on epithelial cell proliferation in ADPKD implicating a new mechanism for mutant polycystin-2 induced proliferation. Most importantly, contrary to previous studies, abnormal proliferation in cells expressing mutant polycystin-2 appears to be independent of STAT-1/p21.
Utility of Telomerase-pot1 Fusion Protein in Vascular Tissue Engineering (2010)

While advances in regenerative medicine and vascular tissue engineering have been substantial in recent years, important stumbling blocks remain. In particular, the limited life span of differentiated cells that are harvested from elderly human donors is an important limitation in many areas of regenerative medicine. Recently, a mutant of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase enzyme (TERT) was described, which is highly processive and elongates telomeres more rapidly than conventional telomerase. This mutant, called pot1-TERT, is a chimeric fusion between the DNA binding protein pot1 and TERT. Because pot1-TERT is highly processive, it is possible that transient delivery of this transgene to cells that are utilized in regenerative medicine applications may elongate telomeres and extend cellular life span while avoiding risks that are associated with retroviral or lentiviral vectors. In the present study, adenoviral delivery of pot1-TERT resulted in transient reconstitution of telomerase activity in human smooth muscle cells, as demonstrated by telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP). In addition, human engineered vessels that were cultured using pot1-TERT-expressing cells had greater collagen content and somewhat better performance in vivo than control grafts. Hence, transient delivery of pot1-TERT to elderly human cells may be useful for increasing cellular life span and improving the functional characteristics of resultant tissue-engineered constructs.
All-optical modulation format conversion from NRZ-OOK to RZ-QPSK using parallel SOA-MZI OOK/BPSK converters (2007)

A novel all-optical modulation format conversion from non-return-to-zero on-off-keying (NRZ-OOK) to return-to-zero quadrature-phase-shift-keying (RZ-QPSK) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The proposed format conversion scheme is based on parallel Mach-Zehnder interferometric (MZI) OOK/binary-PSK (BPSK) converters, consisting of integrated semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs). We experimentally demonstrate that in both decoded channels of the converted RZ-QPSK signal bit error rate (BER) curves show almost the same receiver sensitivity at a symbol-rate of 10.7 Gsymbol/s. In addition, a reasonable dispersion tolerance of the converted signal up to +295 ps/nm is observed. The numerical simulation based upon carrier rate equation verifies the experimental results.
Whole genome experimental maps of DNA G-quadruplexes in multiple species (2019)

Genomic maps of DNA G-quadruplexes (G4s) can help elucidate the roles that these secondary structures play in various organisms. Herein, we employ an improved version of a G-quadruplex sequencing method (G4-seq) to generate whole genome G4 maps for 12 species that include widely studied model organisms and also pathogens of clinical relevance. We identify G4 structures that form under physiological K+ conditions and also G4s that are stabilized by the G4-targeting small molecule pyridostatin (PDS). We discuss the various structural features of the experimentally observed G-quadruplexes (OQs), highlighting differences in their prevalence and enrichment across species. Our study describes diversity in sequence composition and genomic location for the OQs in the different species and reveals that the enrichment of OQs in gene promoters is particular to mammals such as mouse and human, among the species studied. The multi-species maps have been made publicly available as a resource to the research community. The maps can serve as blueprints for biological experiments in those model organisms, where G4 structures may play a role.
RF discharge under the influence of a transverse magnetic field (2008)

We examine the effects of an externally applied magnetic field (0–150 G) on an argon discharge generated capacitively at 13.56 MHz, in a Gaseous Electronics Conference reference cell. Dependence of the electrical characteristics of the discharge are measured as functions of applied magnetic field, rf power and argon pressure. At fixed power the rf voltage decreases with increasing magnetic field. Likewise, the impedance of the discharge is capacitive but becomes more resistive as the electron mobility becomes limited by the magnetic field. The impact of the magnetic field is found to diminish as the cyclotron frequency of the electron becomes smaller than that of the collision frequency of the electron. We also measure the impact the magnetic field has on the distribution of the plasma in vertical planes parallel and perpendicular to the magnetic field using Langmuir probes, optical emission and laser-induced fluorescence. It is found that the distribution of the plasma remains symmetric in the plane parallel to the magnetic field and becomes skewed in the plane perpendicular to the magnetic field. The degree of skew depends on the optical state probed. Finally, we examine the spatial distribution and the temporal evolution of the electric fields in the plasma. It is shown that with the presence of the magnetic field, the thickness of the sheath is reduced and that most of the voltage drop is contained within the sheath. Consistent with dc voltage trends, there was no significant sheath reversal observed at higher magnetic fields. Comparisons of the results presented here are made with trends predicted by models and simulations found in the literature.
Stability analysis and control of a gain-varying converter using the serial and parallel auto regulated configuration topology (2004)

This paper deals with the study of a constant-power inverter and its controllability analysis. This system is used in train air-conditioning power supply. It is a varying-gain inverter using the S.P.A.R.C. topology. This topology reduces mass and volume and presents very interesting industrial benefits. The voltage ratio of the inverter can vary thanks to a variable configuration of the association of transformers that compose the S.P.A.R.C. inverter. First, the studied system will be presented and its modelling around an equilibrium point is carried out. Then, the developed control law in the case of a DC voltage supply is explained and its efficiency and robustness are tested. Thus, the AC voltage supply case is considered by presenting the new control law. The same control strategy as the DC case one is used, by estimating the input voltage supply This estimation is carried out thanks to a Kalman filtering. Finally, some simulation and experimental results will be given and will show the efficiency and robustness of the proposed control strategy.
Using Multivariate Data Classification on Frontier Exploration Basins to Enhance the Information Value of Suboptimal 2D Seismic Surveys for Unconventional Reservoir Characterization (2015)

We developed a workflow that allows integrating legacy 2D seismic surveys with modern log and core data, validating their consistency, classifying them into rock classes with consistent properties, propagating material properties across each of these rock classes, and using this information to improve reservoir characterization and the assessment of their hydrocarbon resource potential. As proof of concept, we analyzed two intersecting 2D seismic lines shot in 2001 in a frontier basin in Canada to determine the distribution of reservoir quality. Each of these had been separately prestack inverted, but have modern core and log data (as well as legacy log data) which were integrated with the inverted attributes.Results identify a most prospective class for reservoir quality within the zone of interest, and show that it increases in thickness to the south in the seismic section.
A cost-effective smartphone-based antimicrobial susceptibility test reader for drug resistance testing (Conference Presentation) (2017)

Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is commonly used for determining microbial drug resistance, but routine testing, which can significantly reduce the spread of multi-drug resistant organisms, is not regularly performed in resource-limited and field-settings due to technological challenges and lack of trained diagnosticians. We developed a portable cost-effective smartphone-based colorimetric 96-well microtiter plate (MTP) reader capable of automated AST without the need for a trained diagnostician. This system is composed of a smartphone used in conjunction with a 3D-printed opto-mechanical attachment, which holds a set of inexpensive light-emitting-diodes and fiber-optic cables coupled to the 96-well MTP for enabling the capture of the transmitted light through each well by the smartphone camera. Images of the MTP plate are captured at multiple exposures and uploaded to a local or remote server (e.g., a laptop) for automated processing/analysis of the results using a custom-designed smartphone application. Each set of images are combined to generate a high dynamic-range image and analyzed for well turbidity (indicative of bacterial growth), followed by interpretative analysis per plate to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and drug susceptibility for the specific bacterium. Results are returned to the originating device within ~1 minute and shown to the user in tabular form. We demonstrated the capability of this platform using MTPs prepared with 17 antibiotic drugs targeting Gram-negative bacteria and tested 82 patient isolate MTPs of Klebsiella pneumoniae, achieving well turbidity accuracy of 98.19%, MIC accuracy of 95.15%, and drug susceptibility interpretation accuracy of 99.06%, meeting the FDA defined criteria for AST.
Tightfit: adaptive parallelization with foresight (2013)

Irregular applications often exhibit data-dependent parallelism: Different inputs, and sometimes also different execution phases, enable different levels of parallelism. These changes in available parallelism have motivated work on adaptive concurrency control mechanisms. Existing adaptation techniques mostly learn about available parallelism indirectly, through runtime monitors that detect pathologies (e.g. excessive retries in speculation or high lock contention in mutual exclusion).
Chronic myocardial and coronary arterial effects of intracoronary supersaturated oxygen therapy in swine with normal and ischemic-reperfused myocardium (2022)

The study assessed chronic myocardial, coronary and systemic effects of intracoronary supersaturated oxygen (SSO<sub>2</sub>) therapy. Left anterior descending coronary arteries of 40 swine were stented and randomized to 90-min selective intracoronary infusion of SSO<sub>2</sub> (pO<sub>2</sub> 760-1000 mmHg) or normoxemic saline. In 20 out of 40 animals, SSO<sub>2</sub> delivery followed a 60-min balloon occlusion to induce myocardial infarction (MI). In both normal and MI models, intracoronary treatment with hyperoxemic SSO<sub>2</sub> therapy showed no evidence of coronary thrombosis. There were no biologically relevant differences between treatments at either time point in regard to coronary intervention site healing and neointimal growth. No signs of any myocardial or systemic toxicity were observed after 7 or 30 days. A trend was observed toward reduced incidence of microscopic MI scars and reduced infarct size in histopathology, as well as toward better recovery of echocardiographically evaluated global and regional contractility at 30 days. No treatment related infarcts or thromboemboli were observed in the downstream organs.
Thiazoline-related innate fear stimuli orchestrate hypothermia and anti-hypoxia via sensory TRPA1 activation (2021)

Thiazoline-related innate fear-eliciting compounds (tFOs) orchestrate hypothermia, hypometabolism, and anti-hypoxia, which enable survival in lethal hypoxic conditions. Here, we show that most of these effects are severely attenuated in transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (Trpa1) knockout mice. TFO-induced hypothermia involves the Trpa1-mediated trigeminal/vagal pathways and non-Trpa1 olfactory pathway. TFOs activate Trpa1-positive sensory pathways projecting from trigeminal and vagal ganglia to the spinal trigeminal nucleus (Sp5) and nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), and their artificial activation induces hypothermia. TFO presentation activates the NTS-Parabrachial nucleus pathway to induce hypothermia and hypometabolism; this activation was suppressed in Trpa1 knockout mice. TRPA1 activation is insufficient to trigger tFO-mediated anti-hypoxic effects; Sp5/NTS activation is also necessary. Accordingly, we find a novel molecule that enables mice to survive in a lethal hypoxic condition ten times longer than known tFOs. Combinations of appropriate tFOs and TRPA1 command intrinsic physiological responses relevant to survival fate.
The synthesis and investigation of the DNA binding properties of dielectrophiles incorporating bis-vicinal tricarbonyls (1995)

A concise and versatile synthesis of bis-vicinal tricarbonyls was developed from readily available diacids or their corresponding diacid chlorides. The bis-tricarbonyls prepared by this method were shown to be effective interstrand DNA cross-linking agents.
Joint effort to commissioning a thermal cesium beam with optical pumping as primary frequency standard to Brazilian NMI (2014)

This paper describes the progress on commissioning a thermal Cesium beam frequency standard developed at IFSC-USP and transferred to the Brazilian NMI in order to be continuously operated as a primary frequency standard. The system is composed of a short Ramsey cavity for electromagnetic excitation and an optical pumping for atom detection and energy-state selection. The uncertainty budget for the measurement technique is under verification to acquire the same performance achieved earlier during the scientific development of the standard. Some aspects of the standard implantation are discussed here according to the technical and metrological requirements for the system.
An Apparent Minimum Metallic Conductivity in Two-Dimensional Systems (1998)

The low-temperature conductivity of low-density, high-mobility, two-dimensional hole systems in GaAs was studied. We explicitly show that the metal-insulator transition, observed in these systems, is characterized by a well-defined critical density, p_0c. We also observe that the low-temperature conductivity of these systems depends linearly on the hole density, over a wide density range. The high-density linear conductivity extrapolates to zero at a density close to the critical density.
Finding Images and LineDrawings in DocumentScanni ng Systems (2009)

The system presented in this paper finds images and line-drawings in scanned pages; it is a crucial processing step in the creation of a large-scale system to detect and index images found in books and historic documents. Within the scanned pages that contain both text and images, the images are found through the use of SIFT-based local-features applied to the complete scanned-page. This is followed by a novel learning system to categorize the found SIFT features into either text or image. The discrimination is based on using multiple classifiers trained via AdaBoost. Through the use of this system, we improve image detection by finding more line-drawings, graphics, and photographs, as well as by reducing the number of spurious detections due to misclassified text, discolorations, and scanning artifacts. 1
In vivo behavior of trimethylene carbonate and ε‐caprolactone‐based (co)polymer networks: Degradation and tissue response (2010)

The in vivo erosion behavior of crosslinked (co)polymers based on trimethylene carbonate (TMC) and ε-caprolactone (CL) was investigated. High molecular weight poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) homopolymer- and copolymer films were crosslinked by gamma irradiation. To adjust the in vivo erosion rate of the (co)polymer films, both the irradiation dose (25, 50, or 100 kGy) for PTMC and composition (100-70 mol % TMC) at a constant irradiation dose of 25 kGy were varied. After subcutaneous implantation of irradiated films in rats, their in vivo behavior was evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively. When the irradiation dose for PTMC was increased from 25 to 100 kGy, the erosion rate of nonextracted PTMC films (determined at day 5) decreased from 39.7 ± 16.0 μm day(-1) to 15.1 ± 2.5 μm day(-1), and the number of lymphocytes in the tissue surrounding the films decreased from 235 ± 114 cells mm(-2) to 64 ± 33 cells mm(-2). The number of macrophages and giant cells at the tissue-polymer interface also decreased with increasing irradiation dose. All (co)polymer films eroded completely within 28 days of implantation. Variation of the TMC content of gamma irradiated (co)polymer films did not affect the tissue response to the gamma irradiated (co)polymer films and their in vivo erosion behavior much.