gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diffractive optics: an introduction to the feature (1993)

This feature of Applied Optics contains 16 papers on the design, fabrication, analysis, and applications of diffractive optics. Most of the papers originated from the first Optical Society of America topical meeting on diffractive optics that was held 13-15 April 1992 in New Orleans, Louisiana. The next diffractive optics topical meeting is scheduled to be held 5-9 June 1994 in Rochester, New York.
Correction: Symbiosis: Chemical Biology at Wisconsin (2006)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCorrectionNEXTCorrection: Symbiosis: Chemical Biology at WisconsinLaura L. Kiessling*, Sally Garbo Wedde, and Ronald T. RainesCite this: ACS Chem. Biol. 2006, 1, 9, 601Publication Date (Web):October 20, 2006Publication History Received6 October 2006Accepted6 October 2006Published online20 October 2006Published inissue 1 October 2006https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cb600417chttps://doi.org/10.1021/cb600417ccorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2006 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views367Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (54 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Chemical biology Get e-Alerts
A New Class of Differential Beamformers (2020)

Differential microphone arrays (DMAs) have been used in a wide range of applications for high-fidelity acoustic signal acquisition and enhancement. In the design of differential beamformers, three of the widely used measures are the directivity factor (DF), the front-to-back ratio (FBR), and the white noise gain (WNG). The former two have been used to obtain optimal differential beamformers, e.g., the hypercardioid and supercardioid, and the third one is generally used to analyze and control the robustness of the beamformer with respect to array imperfections due to sensors' self noise, mismatch among sensors, and sensors' placement errors. In this paper, we present a new measure called directivity factor and front-to-back ratio (DFBR), which is a generalization of DF and FBR. With this new measure, three different kinds of beamformers are derived. The first one is the maximum DFBR beamformer, which is deduced by maximizing DFBR with a joint diagonalization method. The second one is the ψ-cardioid beamformer, which is the maximum DFBR beamformer corresponding to a distortionless constraint. The last one is the reduced-rank differential beamformer, which is obtained by properly choosing the dimension of the signal subspace and maximizing WNG subject to the distortionless constraint. The developed beamformers have many interesting properties, which are justified by both simulations and experiments.
Coherent Thermo-Optic Noise Cancellation in an Optical Microcavity (2021)

We show that thermo-optic noise in a photonic crystal microcavity can be suppressed by coherently canceling thermo-refractive and thermo-elastic noises. Our optimized design reduces the impact of thermal fluctuations by over one order of magnitude at low frequencies.
Self-Organized Polymeric Microstructures (2002)

Regular arrays of microstructures arise from capillary interactions when a patterned elastomeric mold is placed on top of a line-and-space patterned polymer at an angle and the polymer is heated above its glass transition temperature. The Figure shows a self-organized microstructure obtained from 90°-shifted molds with line-and-space patterns by annealing at 130 °C for 60 min.
Border gateway protocol 4 (BGP4) performance over intermittent satellite links (2005)

We performed an investigation of the border gateway protocol 4 (BGP-4) (Y. Rekhter and T. Li, 1995) behavior in the presence of intermittent satellite channels. Specifically, we developed an analytic model of BGP-4 state transitions and use this model to estimate bandwidth consumption of BGP-4 over the intermittent channels. We compare our model's estimates with fidelity simulation results of bandwidth consumption of BGP-4. We briefly discuss this work in the context of the global information grid (GIG) and our ongoing efforts to develop a system wide simulation model of the GIG.
Inhibition of Endothelial Notch Signaling Impairs Fatty Acid Transport and Leads to Metabolic and Vascular Remodeling of the Adult Heart (2018)

This study identifies Notch signaling as a novel regulator of fatty acid transport across the endothelium and as an essential repressor of angiogenesis in the adult heart. The data imply that the endothelium controls cardiomyocyte metabolism and function.
高解析(640x480)短波紅外線影像擷取系統介面USB2.0之設計與實現 (2013)

SWIR images are obtained by measuring thermal radiation of the object. This theory can be achieved by measure the reflectance energy of object. It is different from visible light source, as long as the object has the heat radiation, it can measure shape and energy level even if the object in dark situation. The transmittance of SWIR is bigger than visible in atmosphere and it was easy shine a light through cloud and mist or any interference source. So the SWIR device was be developed gradually for different application in recent year. For example: military, aviation, biochemistry, medical. SWIR camera focus on wavelength between 0.9~1.7um. Unlike Mid-Wave IR and Long-Wave IR, SWIR is reflected and absorbed by objects, which advantages SWIR imaging higher resolution due to better contrast. The advantages of SWIR camera have high resolution, anti-noise ability. SWIR also has excellent imaging quality in low illumination environment and moon light or star light are good emitters outdoor at night.
Repeated anti-CEA-radioimmunotherapy (RAIT) with 131iodine-labetuzumab (phase II study) versus single dose RAIT after salvage resection of colorectal liver metastases (CRC-LM) (2008)

4080 Background: Within a phase-II study a single dose RAIT (40–60 mCi/m2131iodine-labetuzumab, Immunomedics, Inc., Morris Plains, NJ/USA) after salvage resection of CRC-LM has been well tolerated. Compared with a control group (OP±CTX) the RAIT-patients showed an improved overall survival (Ann Surg Oncol 2007, 14 (9): 2577–2590). The aim of the ongoing phase-II-study was to evaluate the toxicity and efficacy (DFS, OS) in pts who received a repeated RAIT with 50 mCi/m2 131iodine-labetuzumab after R0-resection of CRC-LM. Methods: 32 consecutive pts (age 61 years; 8x rectal cancer, 24x colon cancer; CRC-LM: 16x syn-, 16x metachroneous) were re-staged with CT/MRT and FDG-PET after R0-resection of extended CRC-LM prior to RAIT. On account of established risk scores (Nordlinger-, Fong- and Gayowski-Scores) 87% of the pts had an intermediate or high risk of recurrence of CRC-LM within the next 2 years (after R0- resection). During staging procedures 16 pts showed no suspect lesions (adjuvant), while 16 pts showed lesions suspicious of residual or new malignant disease (nonadjuvant). All pts were treated with 40–50mCi/m2 131iodine-labetuzumab (humanized monoclonal antibody against CEA). 24 pts were treated a second time after re-staging (CT/MRT, FDG-PET) prior to second RAIT. Results: 8/32 (25%) of the pts developed hematologic toxicity WHO-grade 4 (leukocytes or thrombocytes). After the second cycle of RAIT no cumulative toxicity could be observed. Complete bone marrow regeneration in all cases was noted. The pts’ compliance was 100% during follow-up of 21 months. The adjuvant pts had a enhanced median DFS of 18 months in comparison to the non-adjuvant patients (DFS: 6 months) and the control group (DFS: 12 months). The OS in pts with repeated RAIT is 96% until now. Conclusions: Repeated Anti-CEA-RAIT with 40- 50mCi/m2 131iodine-labetuzumab is safe and feasible. The side effects are acceptable and the pts’ compliance is high. The DFS and OS data of the adjuvant pts are very encouraging considering their bad prognosis. The efficacy of 2xRAIT will be evaluated versus a combination of RAIT + CTX within the prospectively randomized, multicentric ARC-08 trial which will be initiated in 2008. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Garden State Cancer Center, Immunomedics, Inc. Immunomedics, Inc.
Deliberately designed interfaces for monolithic integration in optoelectronics (1999)

A novel class of semiconductors is introduced, based on computational design, to solve the long-standing problem of lattice and polarity mismatch in heteroepitaxial growth of III–V alloys on silicon substrates. Ab initio total-energy calculations and quasiparticle GW calculations are used to investigate the physical properties of these new semiconductors. One particular configuration is designed to match lattice constant and polarity with the Si(100) surface and to possess a direct band gap of 1.59 μm, which is close to the canonical frequency used by the optoelectronics industry. These results could pave the way for eventual monolithic integration of optical materials on silicon.
Drug Delivery Strategies for Antivirals against Hepatitis B Virus (2018)

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection poses a significant health challenge due to associated morbidity and mortality from cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer that eventually results in the breakdown of liver functionality. Nanotechnology has the potential to play a pivotal role in reducing viral load levels and drug-resistant HBV through drug targeting, thus reducing the rate of evolution of the disease. Apart from tissue targeting, intracellular delivery of a wide range of drugs is necessary to exert a therapeutic action in the affected organelles. This review encompasses the strategies and techniques that have been utilized to target the HBV-infected nuclei in liver hepatocytes, with a significant look at the new insights and most recent advances in drug carriers and their role in anti-HBV therapy.
A large‐scale analysis of alternative splicing reveals a key role of QKI in lung cancer (2016)

Increasing interest has been devoted in recent years to the understanding of alternative splicing in cancer. In this study, we performed a genome-wide analysis to identify cancer-associated splice variants in non-small cell lung cancer. We discovered and validated novel differences in the splicing of genes known to be relevant to lung cancer biology, such as NFIB, ENAH or SPAG9. Gene enrichment analyses revealed an important contribution of alternative splicing to cancer-related molecular functions, especially those involved in cytoskeletal dynamics. Interestingly, a substantial fraction of the altered genes found in our analysis were targets of the protein quaking (QKI), pointing to this factor as one of the most relevant regulators of alternative splicing in non-small cell lung cancer. We also found that ESYT2, one of the QKI targets, is involved in cytoskeletal organization. ESYT2-short variant inhibition in lung cancer cells resulted in a cortical distribution of actin whereas inhibition of the long variant caused an increase of endocytosis, suggesting that the cancer-associated splicing pattern of ESYT2 has a profound impact in the biology of cancer cells. Finally, we show that low nuclear QKI expression in non-small cell lung cancer is an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival (HR = 2.47; 95% CI = 1.11-5.46, P = 0.026). In conclusion, we identified several splicing variants with functional relevance in lung cancer largely regulated by the splicing factor QKI, a tumor suppressor associated with prognosis in lung cancer.
Hierarchical Assembly of Nanostructured Organosilicate Networks via Stereocomplexation of Block Copolymers (2007)

The effect of the stereochemistry of polylactide (PLA)-based block copolymers on templated inorganic nanostructures has been investigated from the self-assembly of a stereoisomer pair/organosilicate mixture followed by organosilicate vitrification and copolymer thermolysis. Isomeric PLA homopolymers, block copolymers, and a stereoblock copolymer were prepared by ring-opening polymerization of D-, L-, or rac-lactide using an organocatalytic catalyst. Both differential scanning calorimetry and atomic force microscopy showed the formation of a stereocomplex between enantiomeric stereoisomers, that is, block copolymer/block copolymer and block copolymer/homopolymer mixtures as well as a stereoblock copolymer. The unique noncovalent interactions driven by stereocomplexation of D- and L-lactide provided supramolecular structures with a hierarchical order as characterized by distinctive vertical and horizontal growth of toroidal nanostructured inorganic features. This study demonstrates the potential of hierarchically assembling suprastructures that bridge the nano- to mesoscale feature sizes in the design of tunable functional nanomaterials suitable for future applications of microelectronics, material science, and bioengineering.
A Mathematical Model Simulating Organic Variation in Bioreactor Landfill (2007)

Leachate can be disposed in situ and solid wastes stabilization accelerated in bioreactor landfills.In order to investigate organic dynamic variation and influencing factors in bioreactor landfills,a mathematical model simulating organic variation in the leachate of bioreactor landfill was presented and demonstrated based on mass balance of contaminants and degradation kinetics.The model was solved numerically using a fourth-order Runge-Kutta algorithm and the model parameters were validated by monitoring data in simulated experiment.The simulating results are close to monitoring data,which indicates that biodegraded organic concentration has been forecasted accurately by this model.Given the limitations in data capture,a sensitivity analysis is performed,highlighting the model's response to changes in input variables.The results show that leaching velocity constant from solid to liquid and degradation velocity constant of organic in liquid have significant effect on simulating outcome.
A Nurr1 Agonist Causes Neuroprotection in a Parkinson’s Disease Lesion Model Primed with the Toll-Like Receptor 3 dsRNA Inflammatory Stimulant Poly(I:C) (2015)

Dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) are characterized by the expression of genes required for dopamine synthesis, handling and reuptake and the expression of these genes is largely controlled by nuclear receptor related 1 (Nurr1). Nurr1 is also expressed in astrocytes and microglia where it functions to mitigate the release of proinflammatory cytokines and neurotoxic factors. Given that Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis has been linked to both loss of Nurr1 expression in the SNpc and inflammation, increasing levels of Nurr1 maybe a promising therapeutic strategy. In this study a novel Nurr1 agonist, SA00025, was tested for both its efficiency to induce the transcription of dopaminergic target genes in vivo and prevent dopaminergic neuron degeneration in an inflammation exacerbated 6-OHDA-lesion model of PD. SA00025 (30mg/kg p.o.) entered the brain and modulated the expression of the dopaminergic phenotype genes TH, VMAT, DAT, AADC and the GDNF receptor gene c-Ret in the SN of naive rats. Daily gavage treatment with SA00025 (30mg/kg) for 32 days also induced partial neuroprotection of dopaminergic neurons and fibers in rats administered a priming injection of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly (I:C) and subsequent injection of 6-OHDA. The neuroprotective effects of SA00025 in this dopamine neuron degeneration model were associated with changes in microglial morphology indicative of a resting state and a decrease in microglial specific IBA-1 staining intensity in the SNpc. Astrocyte specific GFAP staining intensity and IL-6 levels were also reduced. We conclude that Nurr1 agonist treatment causes neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in an inflammation exacerbated 6-OHDA lesion model of PD.
Treating AIDS Dementia (1997)

I read with interest the elegant report by Ashley T. Haase's group (W. Cavert et al ., Reports, [9 May, p. 960][1]) and the accompanying News article by Jon Cohen ([9 May, p. 898][2]) concerning the vulnerability of reservoirs of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) stubborn to new treatments. The
Encapsulated proppants (2023)

A capsule for carrying a proppant for emplaced in a formation containing formation fluid by a hydraulic fracture operation using a fracturing fluid. The capsule includes a capsule body. The capsule body includes a proppant. There is a surface layer on the capsule body that is permeable to the formation fluid or the fracturing fluid or is permeable to both the formation fluid and the fracturing fluid. The proppant material is dry cement that interacts with the formation fluid or the fracturing fluid or both the formation fluid and the fracturing fluid that migrate through the surface layer and is taken up by the dry cement causing the dry cement to harden.
Enhanced telemetry for encrypted threat analytics (2016)

Traditional flow monitoring provides a high-level view of network communications by reporting the addresses, ports, and byte and packet counts of a flow. This data is valuable, but it gives little insight into the actual content or context of a flow. To obtain this missing insight, we investigated intra-flow data, that is, information about events that occur inside of a flow that can be conveniently collected, stored, and analyzed within a flow monitoring framework. The focus of our work is on new types of data that are independent of protocol details, such as the lengths and arrival times of messages within a flow. These data elements have the attractive property that they apply equally well to both encrypted and unencrypted flows. Protocol-aware telemetry, specifically TLS-aware telemetry, is also analyzed. In this paper, we explore the benefits of enhanced telemetry, desirable properties of new intra-flow data features with respect to a flow monitoring system, and how best to use machine learning classifiers that operate on this data. We provide results on millions of flows processed by our open source program. Finally, we show that leveraging appropriate data features and simple machine learning models can successfully identify threats in encrypted network traffic.
Applying multiagent simulation to planetary surface operations (2000)

This paper describes a multiagent modeling and simulation approach for designing cooperative systems. Issues addressed include the use of multiagent modeling and simulation for the design of human and robotic operations, as a theory for human/robot cooperation on planetary surface missions. We describe a design process for cooperative systems centered around the Brahms modeling and simulation environment being developed at NASA Ames.
FPGA-based high performance bilateral control of different master-slave mechanism using highorder disturbance observer (2013)

This paper presents a new force sensing approach for a bilateral control system with different mechanisms of the master and the slave devices. A linear shaft motor and a ball screw perform the roles of the master and the slave, respectively. Using a frictionless mechanism as the master while the slave mechanism is affected by high friction, together with an appropriate force scaling ratio between the master and the slave, the human operator can easily manipulate the device and perceive the interaction of the slave and environments. To reduce the friction effect on force estimation due to the ball screw mechanism, a periodic signal is inserted into the control signal of the slave side. A high-order disturbance observer is designed for force sensing operation on the slave side to reduce the effect of oscillatory disturbance on force information. The control algorithm consists of a conventional disturbance observer and a high-order disturbance observer for the master and the slave, respectively. All the control algorithms are implemented in FPGA to achieve a high sampling rate of the control cycle. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the experimental results.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Method to Prepare α‐Sulfonyl Hydroxamic Acid Derivatives. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fatty Infiltration and Atrophy of the Rotator Cuff do not Improve after Rotator Cuff Repair and Correlate with Poor Functional Outcome (2007)

Muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration of the rotator cuff muscles, particularly of the infraspinatus, play a significant role in determining functional outcome after cuff repair. Tear size appears to have the most influential effect on repair integrity. A successful repair did not lead to improvement or reversal of muscle degeneration and a failed repair resulted in significantly more progression. In general, healed repairs demonstrated minimal progression. These findings suggest that repairs should be performed, if possible, before more significant deterioration in the cuff musculature in order to optimize outcomes, and that understanding the degree of muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration before surgery can help guide patient expectations.
Pursuing Polymer Dielectric Interfacial Effect in Organic Transistors for Photosensing Performance Optimization (2017)

Polymer dielectrics in organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) are essential to provide the devices with overall flexibility, stretchability, and printability and simultaneously introduce charge interaction on the interface with organic semiconductors (OSCs). The interfacial effect between various polymer dielectrics and OSCs significantly and intricately influences device performance. However, understanding of this effect is limited because the interface is buried and the interfacial charge interaction is difficult to stimulate and characterize. Here, this challenge is overcome by utilizing illumination to stimulate the interfacial effect in various OFETs and to characterize the responses of the effect by measuring photoinduced changes of the OFETs performances. This systemic investigation reveals the mechanism of the intricate interfacial effect in detail, and mathematically explains how the photosensitive OFETs characteristics are determined by parameters including polar group of the polymer dielectric and the OSC side chain. By utilizing this mechanism, performance of organic electronics can be precisely controlled and optimized. OFETs with strong interfacial effect can also show a signal additivity caused by repeated light pulses, which is applicable for photostimulated synapse emulator. Therefore, this work enlightens a detailed understanding on the interface effect and provides novel strategies for optimizing OFET photosensory performances.