gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Communication over a wireless network with random connections (2006)

A network of nodes in which pairs communicate over a shared wireless medium is analyzed. We consider the maximum total aggregate traffic flow possible as given by the number of users multiplied by their data rate. The model in this paper differs substantially from the many existing approaches in that the channel connections in this network are entirely random: rather than being governed by geometry and a decay-versus-distance law, the strengths of the connections between nodes are drawn independently from a common distribution. Such a model is appropriate for environments where the first-order effect that governs the signal strength at a receiving node is a random event (such as the existence of an obstacle), rather than the distance from the transmitter. It is shown that the aggregate traffic flow as a function of the number of nodes n is a strong function of the channel distribution. In particular, for certain distributions the aggregate traffic flow is at least n/(logn)/sup d/ for some d>0, which is significantly larger than the O(/spl radic/n) results obtained for many geometric models. The results provide guidelines for the connectivity that is needed for large aggregate traffic. The relation between the proposed model and existing distance-based models is shown in some cases.
Rapid authentication of pharmaceuticals via DNA tagging and field detection (2019)

A small PCR-generated DNA fragment was introduced into a pharmaceutical grade ink as a molecular taggant, and the DNA tagged ink was delivered onto the surface of capsules by standard high-speed offset printing. The amount of DNA in the ink on each capsule is roughly 10-12 fold lower than that allowed as safe by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the WHO with regards to acceptable limits of residual DNA. The printed ink on the capsule surface was sampled by swabbing, followed by direct analysis of the DNA-swab complex, without subsequent DNA purification. It was shown that DNA recovered from the ink by swabbing was suitable for PCR-CE analysis-a widely used method in forensic science and was also suitable for qPCR and isothermal DNA amplification, when coupled with portable devices similar to those used for environmental sampling and food safety testing. The data set a precedent: A small DNA fragment could be introduced as an excipient into a pharmaceutical application, and thereafter tracked through the pharmaceutical supply chain via forensic DNA authentication.
Processor register error correction management (2023)

Processor register protection management is disclosed. In embodiments, a method of processor register protection management can include determining a sensitive logical register for executable code generated by a compiler, generating an error-correction table identifying the sensitive logical register, and storing the error-correction table in a memory accessible by a processor. The processor can be configured to generate a duplicate register of the sensitive logical register identified by the error-correction table.
Genetic Networks Lead and Follow Tumor Development: MicroRNA Regulation of Cell Cycle and Apoptosis in the p53 Pathways (2014)

During the past ten years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play a more significant role in the formation and progression of cancer diseases than previously thought. With an increase in reports about the dysregulation of miRNAs in diverse tumor types, it becomes more obvious that classic tumor-suppressive molecules enter deep into the world of miRNAs. Recently, it has been demonstrated that a typical tumor suppressor p53, known as the guardian of the genome, regulates some kinds of miRNAs to contribute to tumor suppression by the induction of cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. Meanwhile, miRNAs directly/indirectly control the expression level and activity of p53 to fine-tune its functions or to render p53 inactive, indicating that the interplay between p53 and miRNA is overly complicated. The findings, along with current studies, will underline the continuing importance of understanding this interlocking control system for future therapeutic strategies in cancer treatment and prevention.
Multi-label classification: do Hamming loss and subset accuracy really conflict with each other? (2020)

Various evaluation measures have been developed for multi-label classification, including Hamming Loss (HL), Subset Accuracy (SA) and Ranking Loss (RL). However, there is a gap between empirical results and the existing theories: 1) an algorithm often empirically performs well on some measure(s) while poorly on others, while a formal theoretical analysis is lacking; and 2) in small label space cases, the algorithms optimizing HL often have comparable or even better performance on the SA measure than those optimizing SA directly, while existing theoretical results show that SA and HL are conflicting measures. This paper provides an attempt to fill up this gap by analyzing the learning guarantees of the corresponding learning algorithms on both SA and HL measures. We show that when a learning algorithm optimizes HL with its surrogate loss, it enjoys an error bound for the HL measure independent of $c$ (the number of labels), while the bound for the SA measure depends on at most $O(c)$. On the other hand, when directly optimizing SA with its surrogate loss, it has learning guarantees that depend on $O(\sqrt{c})$ for both HL and SA measures. This explains the observation that when the label space is not large, optimizing HL with its surrogate loss can have promising performance for SA. We further show that our techniques are applicable to analyze the learning guarantees of algorithms on other measures, such as RL. Finally, the theoretical analyses are supported by experimental results.
Synchronous Generator Brushless Field Excitation and Voltage Regulation via Capacitive Coupling Through Journal Bearings (2017)

Wound field synchronous generators (WFSG) are the standard electromechanical converter for back-up and utility scale power generation. Maintenance costs may be minimized by adopting noncontact or “brushless” technologies to replace sliding slip ring connections for rotor field excitation. This paper presents a brushless excitation approach using ceramic insulated sleeve (journal) bearings with oil lubrication to form capacitively coupled slip rings, in contrast to more traditional inductive brushless exciters and rotary transformers. This capacitive power transfer (CPT) approach exhibits advantages including low weight, low volume, and has a relatively simple construction using off-the-shelf components. Analysis, design, and prototype construction of the CPT system are presented. Experimental results demonstrate that 1.7 nF of capacitive coupling transfers 340 W to the rotor field winding of a 10 kW 208 V WFSG. Voltage regulation of a WFSG is demonstrated during steady state and 1 per unit load step changes yielding a NEMA-MG1 class G2 rating.
Cognitive feedback for use with FES upper extremity neuroprostheses (1991)

This paper describes the development of two sensory substitutions systems that provide cognitive feedback for FES hand grasp restoration neuroprostheses. One system uses an array of five electrodes to provide machine status information and a spatially encoded representation of the command signal that a quadriplegic individual generates to achieve proportional grasp control. Only one electrode site is active at any given instant, and a second informational channel is superimposed on the spatial position channel by modulating the frequency of the stimulus pulses. The frequency modulated feedback channel signals six levels of force developed at the finger tips during prehension activities. The second sensory system is an integral part of an implanted FES system and utilizes a single subdermally placed electrode to display machine status information and a five-level frequency code for feedback of the user generated grasp control signal. The multielectrode feedback system was implemented for laboratory studies using surface mounted electrodes, although its design will ultimately incorporate subdermal electrodes to provide a highly cosmetic and unencumbering system. An evaluation of the effectiveness of grasp force and command signal feedback provided by this multielectrode system in assisting an FES hand system user to regulate grasp force during a laboratory task, showed increased consistency of performance and an economy of grasp effort between 25 and 30%. Alternative strategies for feedback information and coding algorithms are discussed.
Jeune syndrome: description of 13 cases and a proposal for follow-up protocol (2009)

Jeune syndrome (asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy, ATD) is a rare autosomal recessive skeletal dysplasia characterized by a small, narrow chest and variable limb shortness with a considerable neonatal mortality as a result of respiratory distress. Renal, hepatic, pancreatic and ocular complications may occur later in life. We describe 13 cases with ages ranging from 9 months to 22 years. Most patients experienced respiratory problems in the first years of their life, three died, one experienced renal complications, and one had hepatic problems. With age, the thoracic malformation tends to become less pronounced and the respiratory problems decrease. The prognosis of ATD seems better than described in literature and in our opinion this justifies long term intensive treatment in the first years. We also propose a follow-up protocol for patients with ATD.
Methanol and Ethanol Fuels in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: A Thermal Imaging Study of Carbon Deposition (2011)

Near-infrared (NIR) thermal imaging is used to study anodes of anode-supported solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) when operating with alcohol fuels. Relative propensities for carbon formation can be determined from surface cooling under fuel flows and subsequent heating under oxidizing conditions at temperatures between 700 and 800 °C. Ethanol forms considerable amounts of carbon at all temperatures and voltages studied as evidenced by substantial cooling related to carbon reactions and heating under oxidizing conditions. Methanol operation depends greatly on cell temperature and voltage. At 700 °C, temperature changes resemble those with ethanol, suggesting carbon deposition is occurring. At 800 °C, there is less cooling, which indicates that the oxide flux at higher polarizations mitigates the effects of endothermic carbon reactions. Under oxidizing conditions after fuel exposure, the small observed temperature increase demonstrates that little carbon is formed. At 750 °C the cooling depends on voltage, revealing a set of conditions where cooling from endothermic reactions and heating from exothermic reactions are balanced. The results show that while dry ethanol is not a clean fuel under any of our conditions, methanol can be at higher temperatures. NIR thermal imaging proves a valuable stand-off technique for identifying cell deterioration in situ, with potential for process monitoring in operating SOFCs.
Coherent MAP detection of DQPSK bits (2000)

Both IS-136 and PDC digital cellular systems employ forward error correction (FEC) encoding followed by a form of DQPSK modulation. In this letter, we derive the maximum a posteriori (MAP) bit detector for DQPSK modulation in non-ISI channels for a coherent receiver with one or more antennas. The MAP detector forms a bit log-likelihood ratio, which provides the optimal "soft information" for MLSE or MAP convolutional decoding. MAP detection requires exponentiation and logarithm operations, as well as knowledge of the noise covariance. To avoid these operations, two approximate forms are developed, which do not require the noise covariance value under certain assumptions. Both approximate approaches, when used with soft FEC decoding, are within 0.5 dB of the optimal approach.
High Power Efficiency Blue‐to‐Green Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Using Isonicotinonitrile‐Based Fluorescent Emitters (2016)

Herein, 9,10-dihydro-9,9-dimethylacridine (Ac) or phenoxazine (PXZ)-substituted isonicotinonitrile (INN) derivatives, denoted as 2AcINN, 26AcINN, and 26PXZINN, were developed as a series of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters. These emitters showed reasonably high photoluminescence quantum yields of 71-79 % in the host films and high power efficiency organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Sky-blue emitter 26AcINN exhibited a low turn-on voltage of 2.9 V, a high external quantum efficiency (η<sub>ext</sub> ) of 22 %, and a high power efficiency (η<sub>p</sub> ) of 66 lm W<sup>-1</sup> with Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates of (0.22, 0.45), whereas green emitter 26PXZINN exhibited a low turn-on voltage of 2.2 V, a high η<sub>ext</sub> of 22 %, and a high η<sub>p</sub> of 99 lm W<sup>-1</sup> with CIE chromaticity coordinates of (0.37, 0.58). These performances are among the best for TADF OLEDs to date.
ChemInform Abstract: NEW DIMERIC ANALOGS OF 2‐AMINODIPYRIDO(1,2‐A:3′,2′‐D)IMIDAZOLE: SYNTHESIS AND INTERACTION WITH DNA (1983)

Abstract Auf dem im Formelschema angedeuteten Weg werden das Dipyridoimidazol‐Derivat (VI) und auf entsprechende Weise die strukturverwandten Verbindungen (VII) und (VIII) hergestellt.
Mechanisms of Carbon Nanotube Production by Laser Ablation Process (2000)

We will present possible mechanisms for nanotube production by laser oven process. Spectral emission of excited species during laser ablation of a composite graphite target is compared with that of laser irradiated C60 vapor. The similarities in the transient and spectral data suggest that fullerenes are intermediate precursors for nanotube formation. The confinement of the ablation products by means of a 25-mm diameter tube placed upstream of the target seems to improve the production and purity of nanotubes. Repeated laser pulses vaporize the amorphous/graphitic carbon and possibly catalyst particles, and dissociate fullerenes yielding additional feedstock for SWNT growth.
Motion blur kernel estimation using noisy inertial data (2014)

In the case of motion blur due to unknown motion, most of the existing image deblurring algorithms rely on good initial estimate of the kernel or latent image obtained through blind deconvolution and only consider 3-dimensional camera motions. To overcome these problems, Joshi [1] presented a novel blur kernel estimation and image deblurring approach by integrating 6-dimensional inertial sensors with a camera. However, the drift in the estimated camera motion path introduced by inertial measurement noise was not well handled in Joshi's work. In this paper, we propose an alternating optimization scheme to move the drifted camera motion path to the correct position. The camera pose space in the projective motion blur model is replaced by a motion path set to compensate for path drift. Experiments are performed on synthetic and real images to show the effectiveness of our approach.
Japan Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guidelines 2017 for fertility preservation in childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer patients: part 1 (2022)

In 2017, the Japan Society of Clinical Oncology (JSCO) published the JSCO Clinical Practice Guidelines 2017 for Fertility Preservation in Childhood, Adolescent, and Young Adult Cancer Patients. These were the first Japanese guidelines to address issues of oncofertility. In this field of medicine, sustained close cooperation between oncologists and reproductive specialists is essential from the diagnosis of cancer until many years after completion of cancer treatment. These JSCO guidelines were intended to guide multidisciplinary medical staff in considering the availability of fertility preservation options and to help them decide whether to provide fertility preservation to childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer patients before treatment starts, with the ultimate goal of improving patient survivorship. The guidelines are presented as Parts 1 and 2. This article (Part 1) summarizes the goals of the guidelines and the methods used to develop them and provides an overview of fertility preservation across all oncology areas. It includes general remarks on the basic concepts surrounding fertility preservation and explanations of the impacts of cancer treatment on gonadal function by sex and treatment modality and of the options for protecting/preserving gonadal function and makes recommendations based on 4 clinical questions. Part 2 of these guidelines provides specific recommendations on fertility preservation in 8 types of cancer (gynecologic, breast, urologic, pediatric, hematologic, bone and soft tissue, brain, and digestive).
Post catch-up system transition failure: the case of ICT technology development in Korea (2016)

‘Emerging economies’ like Korea in the 2000s face major challenges as they make a transition from (a) a phase of economic development characterised by ‘catching up’ with the global technological frontier, involving technological ‘imitation’, to (b) a phase of continuing development based on the development of new knowledge for globally leading (post catchup) product and process innovation. That transition is about accumulating new narrowly defined ‘technological’ components of innovation capability and changing the broad organisational and institutional context within which the technological (and economic) process of innovation takes place. During the catch-up phase of technological and economic development in successful emerging economies, that institutional dimension of the innovation system evolves particular characteristics that are well adapted to achieving effectiveness in the catch-up mode of innovation. This paper suggests that (1) these institutional characteristics may be less effective with respect to post catch-up innovation and (2) the institutional context adapted for catch-up innovation may not evolve adequately rapidly into the new forms required for effectiveness in post catch-up innovation. Consequently, these rigidities may become a source of lock-in – so contributing an institution-centred source of ‘failure in system transition’ in the innovation system.
Triclocarban Mediates Induction of Xenobiotic Metabolism through Activation of the Constitutive Androstane Receptor and the Estrogen Receptor Alpha (2012)

Triclocarban (3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide, TCC) is used as a broad-based antimicrobial agent that is commonly added to personal hygiene products. Because of its extensive use in the health care industry and resistance to degradation in sewage treatment processes, TCC has become a significant waste product that is found in numerous environmental compartments where humans and wildlife can be exposed. While TCC has been linked to a range of health and environmental effects, few studies have been conducted linking exposure to TCC and induction of xenobiotic metabolism through regulation by environmental sensors such as the nuclear xenobiotic receptors (XenoRs). To identify the ability of TCC to activate xenobiotic sensors, we monitored XenoR activities in response to TCC treatment using luciferase-based reporter assays. Among the XenoRs in the reporter screening assay, TCC promotes both constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) activities. TCC treatment to hUGT1 mice resulted in induction of the UGT1A genes in liver. This induction was dependent upon the constitutive active/androstane receptor (CAR) because no induction occurred in hUGT1Car(-/-) mice. Induction of the UGT1A genes by TCC corresponded with induction of Cyp2b10, another CAR target gene. TCC was demonstrated to be a phenobarbital-like activator of CAR in receptor-based assays. While it has been suggested that TCC be classified as an endocrine disruptor, it activates ERα leading to induction of Cyp1b1 in female ovaries as well as in promoter activity. Activation of ERα by TCC in receptor-based assays also promotes induction of human CYP2B6. These observations demonstrate that TCC activates nuclear xenobiotic receptors CAR and ERα both in vivo and in vitro and might have the potential to alter normal physiological homeostasis. Activation of these xenobiotic-sensing receptors amplifies gene expression profiles that might represent a mechanistic base for potential human health effects from exposure to TCC.
Longitudinal spin transfer toΛandΛ¯hyperons in polarized proton-proton collisions ats=200  GeV (2009)

The longitudinal spin transfer, ${D}_{LL}$, from high energy polarized protons to $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ and $\overline{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ hyperons has been measured for the first time in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$ with the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The measurements cover pseudorapidity, $\ensuremath{\eta}$, in the range $|\ensuremath{\eta}|&lt;1.2$ and transverse momenta, ${p}_{\mathrm{T}}$, up to $4\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}/c$. The longitudinal spin transfer is found to be ${D}_{LL}=\ensuremath{-}0.03\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.13(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04(\mathrm{syst})$ for inclusive $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ and ${D}_{LL}=\ensuremath{-}0.12\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.08(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03(\mathrm{syst})$ for inclusive $\overline{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ hyperons with $⟨\ensuremath{\eta}⟩=0.5$ and $⟨{p}_{\mathrm{T}}⟩=3.7\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}/c$. The dependence on $\ensuremath{\eta}$ and ${p}_{\mathrm{T}}$ is presented.
Rheological Characterization of Solids Phase in Biomass Processes of Disc‐Stack Centrifuges (2018)

Rheological characterization of the solids phase in bio-industry disc-stack centrifuges is considered. Three discriminatory properties of the solids phase are investigated, namely, the particle settling velocity, the angle of repose, and the solids phase viscosity. The solids phase produced in disc-stack centrifuges in the food or biopharmaceutical industry possesses both liquid-like and solid-like properties which can be quantified by means of these test methods. The resulting rheological characterization can be used for diagnostic purposes in the selection process of industrial centrifuges and for optimization of centrifuge solids handling in biomass processing of suspension systems.
A Robust Algorithm for Sniffing BLE Long-Lived Connections in Real-Time (2019)

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) has become an intrinsic wireless technology for the Internet of Things (IoT). With the proliferation of BLE-embedded IoT devices, it is important to study the security and privacy implications of BLE. The forefront attack to BLE devices is the wireless sniffing attack, which would lead to more detrimental threats like jamming, encryption cracking or system penetration. Existing sniffing attacks are based on the correct detection of BLE connection initiation state, but they become ineffective for BLE long-lived connections. In this paper, we focus on the adversary setting with a low-cost single radio and develop a suite of real-time algorithms to determine the key parameters necessary to follow and sniff a BLE connection in the connected state. We implement our algorithms in the open source platform - Ubertooth One and evaluate its performance in terms of sniffing overhead and accuracy. By comparing with state-of- the-art schemes, experimental results show that our sniffer achieves much higher sniffing accuracy (over 80%) and better stability to BLE operational dynamics.