gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SIGNED: A Challenge-Response Based Interrogation Scheme for Simultaneous Watermarking and Trojan Detection (2020)

The emergence of distributed manufacturing ecosystems for electronic hardware involving untrusted parties has given rise to diverse trust issues. In particular, IP piracy, overproduction, and hardware Trojan attacks pose significant threats to digital design manufacturers. Watermarking has been one of the solutions employed by the semiconductor industry to overcome many of the trust issues. However, current watermarking techniques have low coverage, incur hardware overheads, and are vulnerable to removal or tampering attacks. Additionally, these watermarks cannot detect Trojan implantation attacks where an adversary alters a design for malicious purposes. We address these issues in our framework called SIGNED: Secure Lightweight Watermarking Scheme for Digital Designs. SIGNED relies on a challenge-response protocol based interrogation scheme for generating the watermark. SIGNED identifies sensitive regions in the target netlist and samples them to form a compact signature that is representative of the functional and structural characteristics of a design. We show that this signature can be used to simultaneously verify, in a robust manner, the provenance of a design, as well as any malicious alterations to it at any stage during design process. We evaluate SIGNED on the ISCAS85 and ITC benchmark circuits and obtain a detection accuracy of 87.61\% even for modifications as low as 5-gates. We further demonstrate that SIGNED can benefit from integration with a logic locking solution, where it can achieve increased protection against removal/tempering attacks and incurs lower overhead through judicious reuse of the locking logic for watermark creation.
Research on storage system capacity of distributed wind power based on prediction error compensation (2015)

According to the theory that wind power prediction error approximatively follows a normal probability distribution, this article introduces a concept of error tolerance rate of wind power prediction, and comes to the relationship between the capacity of energy storage system (ESS) and error tolerance rate. Furtherly, the relationship between the size of the storage capacity and the economic costs, as well as the relationship between the size of storage system capacity and some other factors that may affect the security and stability of grid, are explored. The results can guide to configure an appropriate capacity of the energy storage system under a reasonable error tolerance rate, so to ensure the safety and stability of grid and the economy can be simultaneously optimized to some extent.
Metabolic engineering of biochemical pathways (2015)

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J0330201 Synthesis and application of inorganic porous materials synthesized by reactive processing (2015)

Porous metals, which contain large amount of pores inside, exhibit various unique physical and mechanical properties, such as low bulk density and high strain energy absorbing capability. In this presentation, a novel processing method (reactive precursor method) to synthesize high-melting point porous metals and an attempt to control the cell structure are discussed. A precursor is made by blending two or more kinds of elemental powders. The precursor is then heated to ignite an exothermic reaction between the elemental powders. The closed-cell porous structure is obtained when the maximum temperature during the reaction exceeds the melting point of the reaction product, and open-cell porous structure is obtained when the maximum temperature is below the melting point. Therefore, if the optimum porous structure is the closed cell, then an additive powder (exothermic agent powder) which releases large amount of heat of reaction should be additionally blended. By blending additive powders in the precursor, the maximum temperature can be controlled. Aside from the additive powders, replication powders are also used to extend the diversity of cell morphology. Closed, flat, open, bimodal-sized and high-porosity open pores are currently achieved by the reactive precursor process.
Biosynthesis of high molecular weight breast carcinoma associated mucin glycoproteins. (1988)

We have studied the biosynthesis of mucin glycoproteins recognized by monoclonal antibody W1 in MCF7 cells. Proteins of Mr 170,000, 185,000, 260,000, and 275,000 were immunoprecipitated from cells pulse-labeled with [3H]threonine and [3H]proline. Evidence suggesting that these proteins were precursors of high molecular weight mucin(s) included: 1) their kinetics of disappearance corresponded with appearance of mature mucin(s) (t1/2 = 30 min); 2) their processing into mature mucin(s) was not blocked by cycloheximide, but was disrupted by monensin, which impairs glycoprotein processing in the Golgi; 3) they were inaccessible to antibody added outside the cells, whereas mature mucin(s) was accessible and appeared at the cell surface with a t1/2 = 45 min; and 4) their mobilities of precursors varied between different cell lines, but generally correlated with mobilities of mature mucin(s). The precursors were sensitive to endoglycosidase H, indicating that they contained high mannose N-linked oligosaccharides. Less than 3% of threonine residues in the precursors, but more than 75% in mature mucin(s), were substituted with O-linked oligosaccharides. Therefore, initiation of N-linked oligosaccharides occurred soon after initiation of core protein synthesis, but initiation of O-linked oligosaccharides occurred much later, just prior to appearance of mature mucin(s) at the cell surface.
A Monoclonal Antibody That Conveys In Vitro Killing and Partial Protection in Experimental Syphilis Binds a Phosphorylcholine Surface Epitope ofTreponema pallidum (2005)

Immunization with purified Treponema pallidum outer membrane vesicles (OMV) has previously resulted in high-titer complement-dependent serum bactericidal activity. In this study, OMV immunization resulted in the isolation of a monoclonal antibody, M131, with complement-dependent killing activity. Passive immunization of rabbits with M131 administered intravenously conferred significant immunity demonstrated by the failure of syphilitic lesions to appear at 29% of intradermal challenge sites (7/24) and a mean delay of approximately 8 days to lesion appearance at the remaining sites (17/24). M131 not only bound to OMV and to the surfaces of intact motile T. pallidum cells but also bound to organisms whose outer membranes were removed, indicating both surface and subsurface locations for the killing target. This target was determined to be a T. pallidum lipid. Lipid extracted from T. pallidum and made into liposomes bound M131. Reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography separation and fraction collection mass spectrometry (LC-MS+) of T. pallidum lipid showed that the target of M131 was phosphorylcholine. M131 binding required both liposome formation and a critical concentration of phospholipid containing phosphorylcholine, suggesting that the epitope has both a conformational and a compositional requirement. M131 did not react with red blood cells, which have phosphorylcholine-containing lipids in their exterior membrane leaflets, or with Venereal Disease Research Laboratory antigen that also contains phosphorylcholine, further indicating the specificity of M131. This is the first physical demonstration of an antigen on the T. pallidum surface and indication that such a surface antigen can be a target of immunity.
Connectives (2012)

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Shorter durations and lower doses of peginterferon alfa-2a are associated with inferior hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion rates in hepatitis B virus genotypes B or C (2011)

Compared with lower doses and shorter durations, the licensed PEG-IFNα-2a treatment regimen (180 μg/48 weeks) was the most efficacious and beneficial for HBeAg-positive patients predominantly infected with hepatitis B virus genotypes B or C.
Room Temperature Hydroalkylation of Electron‐Deficient Olefins: sp3 C—H Functionalization via a Lewis Acid‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Redox Event. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
SLA-aware Interactive Workflow Assistant for HPC Parameter Sweeping\n Experiments (2016)

A common workflow in science and engineering is to (i) setup and deploy large\nexperiments with tasks comprising an application and multiple parameter values;\n(ii) generate intermediate results; (iii) analyze them; and (iv) reprioritize\nthe tasks. These steps are repeated until the desired goal is achieved, which\ncan be the evaluation/simulation of complex systems or model calibration. Due\nto time and cost constraints, sweeping all possible parameter values of the\nuser application is not always feasible. Experimental Design techniques can\nhelp users reorganize submission-execution-analysis workflows to bring a\nsolution in a more timely manner. This paper introduces a novel tool that\nleverages users' feedback on analyzing intermediate results of parameter\nsweeping experiments to advise them about their strategies on parameter\nselections tied to their SLA constraints. We evaluated our tool with three\napplications of distinct domains and search space shapes. Our main finding is\nthat users with submission-execution-analysis workflows can benefit from their\ninteraction with intermediate results and adapt themselves according to their\ndomain expertise and SLA constraints.\n
Numerical Computation of Apex Angle Effects on Taylor Vortices in Rotating Conical Cylinders Systems. (2002)

The occurrence of Taylor vortices between two conical cylinders of the inner one rotating and the outer one at rest is numerically simulated by the integration of time-dependent Navier-Stokes equations of the primitive variables. The motion is initiated by a progressive acceleration following a linear path of the inner conical cylinder rotation from the state of rest until its final rotation speed. In the integrated equations, the use of a coordinate transformation permitted to point out the apex angle α in the circular coordinates system and then to study the effects of α on the transient development of the Taylor-vortex structures, the steady states and the flow field characteristics. The numerical calculations have been achieved by the use of the SMAC method applied to a finite difference scheme for the case of a finite length. As a result, the symmetry of the Taylor vortices formed with regard to the mid plane for α = 0 does not exist anymore when the apex angle α becomes greater. The study of the flow field details showed that the contribution of the centrifugal forces becomes more important for increasing α due to the increase of the azimuthal component.
The Effect of Chloroquine on the Binding, Intracellular Distribution, and Action of Insulin on Isolated Mouse Pancreatic Acini (1983)

The effects of chloroquine on the binding, intracellular distribution, and action of insulin were studied in isolated pancreatic acini prepared from diabetic mice. Chloroquine had three effects on these cells. First, chloroquine altered cellular morphology by inducing an increase in the number and size of autophagic vacuoles and vesicles in the Golgi-lysosomal region. Second, chloroquine, in a dose-dependent fashion, increased the amount of 125I-insulin associated with acini. A detectable effect of chloroquine was seen at 10 microM, and a maximal effect was seen at 30-100 microM where cell-associated insulin was more than doubled. Employing electron microscope autoradiographs, this accumulation of hormone was observed in the Golgi-lysosome area of the pancreatic acinar cell. Third, chloroquine had selective effects on the action of insulin. Preincubation with chloroquine had no effect on basal [3H]2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake, but in a dose-dependent fashion it decreased the stimulatory effect of insulin on this function; at 100 microM chloroquine, the effect of insulin was abolished. In contrast, chloroquine had negligible effects on the stimulation of 2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake into acini by cholecystokinin. Chloroquine in dose-dependent fashion partially inhibited basal [3H]leucine incorporation into acinar cell protein, but in contrast to its effects on 2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake, the drug had no effects on the stimulation of this function by insulin.+2
Vertical GaN Junction Barrier Schottky Rectifiers by Selective Ion Implantation (2017)

This letter demonstrates vertical GaN junction barrier Schottky (JBS) rectifiers fabricated with novel ion implantation techniques. We used two different methods to form the lateral p-n grids below the Schottky contact: 1) Mg implantation into n-GaN to form p-wells and 2) Si implantation into p-GaN to form n-wells. Specific differential ON-resistances ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${R}_{ \mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle ON}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) of 1.5–2.5 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{m}\Omega ~\cdot $ </tex-math></inline-formula> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and 7–9 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{m}\Omega ~\cdot $ </tex-math></inline-formula> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> were obtained in the Mg-implanted and Si-implanted JBS rectifiers, respectively. A breakdown voltage of 500–600 V was achieved in both devices, with a leakage current at high reverse biases at least 100-fold lower than conventional vertical GaN Schottky barrier diodes. The impact of n-well and p-well widths on the <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${R}_{ \mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle ON}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and BV was investigated. Fast switching capability was also demonstrated. This letter shows the feasibility of forming patterned p-n junctions by novel ion implantation techniques, to enable high-performance vertical GaN power devices.
Drug - carrier interaction in solid dispersions prepared by co-grinding and melt-quenching (2004)

Dans le present article de revue, nous discutons les mecanismes de debut d'interaction entre un medicament et SiO 2 sous contraintes mecaniques, sur la base de changements dans les especes radicalaires, de formation de liaisons pontantes et de mise en ordre a courte distance. L'indomethacine (IM) a ete utilisee comme medicament representatif a cause de sa faible solubilite, et l'effet des interactions medicament-porteur sur la stabilite physique de l'IM amorphe a ete etudie. Nous montrons clairement que la stabilite de l'IM amorphe en presence de SiO 2 est plus grande pour les composites prepares par cobroyage que pour ceux obtenus par trempe de l'etat liquide. Le melange par cobroyage conduit a une interaction chimique specifique de l'IM avec SiO 2 . L'interaction chimique immobilise les molecules d'IM a l'interfaceravec le porteur, ce qui empeche la recristallisation. En utilisant un porteur binaire Mg(OH) 2 -SiO 2 , dans lequel une reaction mecanochimique rapide se produit, la stabilite de l'IM amorphe devient superieure a celle observee dans le melange avec SiO 2 seul. Les resultats d'une etude numerique sont en bon accord avec ceux de l'etude experimentale du melange broye indomethacine-silice.
Linkage of autosomal dominant iris hypoplasia to the region of the Rieger syndrome locus (4q25) (1995)

Iris hypoplasia is an autosomal dominant disorder which is frequently associated with glaucoma. This glaucoma is usually resistant to medical therapy and can lead to blindness. A large family of Scandinavian descent with a five generation history of iris hypoplasia was studied. Fifteen individuals were found to have iris hypoplasia, nine of whom had associated glaucoma. In an attempt to identify the chromosomal location of the disease-causing gene, this family was genotyped with short tandem repeat polymorphisms (STRPs) known to map to loci previously associated with glaucoma. The juvenile glaucoma locus at 1q25 and a congenital glaucoma locus on 6p were both statistically excluded. However, significant linkage was demonstrated at the Rieger syndrome locus at 4q25. The highest observed LOD score was 3.70 (theta = 0) and was obtained with marker D4S1616. Three recombination events were observed in affected individuals that together demonstrate that the disease-causing gene lies between markers ACT3E03 and D4S1611, an interval of approximately 7 cM. These results suggest that autosomal dominant iris hypoplasia and Rieger syndrome are allelic.
Characterization and Comparison of Recombinant Simian Immunodeficiency Virus from Drill ( Mandrillus leucophaeus ) and Mandrill ( Mandrillus sphinx ) Isolates (2003)

Since simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) was found to be the source of the human AIDS pandemic, a major goal has been to characterize the diversity of SIV strains in the wild and to assess their potential for crossover into humans. In the present study, SIV was isolated from a seropositive drill (Mandrillus leucophaeus) and three seropositive mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx) by using macaque peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Full-length sequences were obtained from a drill and mandrill and designated SIVdrl1FAO and SIVmnd5440, respectively. A 182-bp fragment of the pol genes of the two remaining mandrill SIV isolates was also analyzed. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that SIVdrl1FAO formed a monophyletic clade with SIVmnd5440 and SIVmndM14, recently designated SIVmnd type 2. Both the SIVdrl and SIVmnd type 2 genomes carried a vpx gene and appeared to share a common ancestor with SIVrcm in the 5' region of the genome and with SIVmndGB1 (type 1) in the 3' region of the genome. A statistically significant recombination breakpoint was detected at the beginning of envelope, suggesting that the viruses were descendents of the same recombinant. Phylogenetic analysis of vpx and vpr genes demonstrated that the vpx genes formed a monophyletic cluster that grouped with vpr from SIVagm. In addition, both SIVdrl1FAO and SIVmnd5440 replicated in human PBMC and therefore could pose a risk of transmission to the human population.
Role of the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL in regulating antitumor response and relationship with hypoxic stress (2020)

Abstract Tumor hypoxia has long been considered as a driving force of tumor progression and to play a key role in remodeling the tumor stroma and favoring the emergence of tolerance. The receptor tyrosine kinase AXL is associated with drug resistance in several solid tumors and AXL-targeting agents are currently in clinical trials. We investigated the relationship between tumor hypoxia, AXL expression and the emergence of tumor resistant variants. Our data indicate that hypoxia promotes EMT, AXL expression and resistance to CTLs and NK in NSCLC. We have next investigated the molecular basis of AXL-induced resistance to cell-mediated cytotoxicity and demonstrated that AXL targeting resulted in an increase in target susceptibility to CTLs and NK mediated cell lysis by a mechanism involving ICAM and the NKG2D ligand (ULBP1). We next investigated the effect of pseudo hypoxia (hypoxic stress in presence of oxygen) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). In fact, in this type of cancer, Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) mutations induce a hypoxic microenvironment under normoxic conditions. We showed that pseudo-hypoxia induced by VHL dysfunctions, promotes ccRCC resistance to immune cell-mediated cytotoxicity by a mechanism involving HIF-2α. We then sked wheter the pseudo-hypoxia associated with VHL mutation in RCC could impact AXL expression. We obtained in vtro evidence indicating that both HIF2α and EMT associated transcription factors (ZEB1, ZEB2) play a role in AXL expression regulation. Using a cohort of 324 metastatic RCC patients treated with anti-PD1, we could demonstrate that AXL expression may interfere with the clinical outcome. The relationship between VHL dysfunction, AXL expression and patient response to anti-PD1 will be discussed.
Arachnoid Cells on Culture Plates and Collagen Scaffolds: Phenotype and Transport Properties (2011)

Cells isolated from the anterior brain stem exhibited the same phenotype as those found in the native tissue and exhibited aspects of barrier function found in vivo. These studies suggest that an ex vivo model for the arachnoid granulation can be developed.
The Analysis of System-Level Timing Failures Due to Interconnect Reliability Degradation (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> The continuous scaling of feature dimensions and the introduction of new dielectric materials are pushing interconnects closer to their reliability limits. Degradation mechanisms are becoming more pronounced, making the interconnect lifetime a challenge at the level of process qualification. Moreover, these mechanisms exhibit new properties, such as gradual degradation of electrical parameters instead of abrupt breakdown phenomena. As a result, it becomes more likely that systems will fail because one of their transistors or wires becomes gradually too slow. These soft failures are not captured by existing tools. The methodology introduced in this paper estimates the impact of two dominant interconnect degradation mechanisms (electromigration and time-dependent dielectric breakdown) on the total system performance. This constitutes a first step toward system-level-driven reliability-aware design for interconnects. </para>