gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Carbocationic copolymerization in the presence of electron pair donors. 1. Copolymerization of isobutylene and isoprene with the cumyl acetate/boron trichloride initiating system (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarbocationic copolymerization in the presence of electron pair donors. 1. Copolymerization of isobutylene and isoprene with the cumyl acetate/boron trichloride initiating systemGabor Kaszas, Judit E. Puskas, and Joseph P. KennedyCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 6, 1771–1774Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00032a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00032a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views139Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A 24 Gb/s Software Programmable Analog Multi-Tone Transmitter (2008)

A 24 Gb/s transmitter employs a digital linear equalizer and a 12 GS/s 8-bit digital-to-analog converter (DAC). Implemented in a 90 nm CMOS technology, the transmitter can be programmed to support a variety of communication modes including 4-channel and 2-channel analog multi-tone (AMT), as well as various baseband (BB) modes ranging from 2 to 256 PAM. Selection of the transmission mode is enabled through software programming of the appropriate tap coefficients into the equalizer. The transmitter dissipates 510 mW of power and is fabricated over an area of 0.8 mm. Experimental results confirm clear eye diagrams at 28 Gb/s.
Ammonia Fiber Expansion Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis on Two Different Growth Stages of Reed Canarygrass (2007)

Plant materials from the vegetative growth stage of reed canarygrass and the seed stage of reed canarygrass are pretreated by ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX) and enzymatically hydrolyzed using 15 filter paper units (FPU) cellulase/g glucan to evaluate glucose and xylose yields. Percent conversions of glucose and xylose, effects of temperature and ammonia loading, and hydrolysis profiles are analyzed to determine the most effective AFEX treatment condition for each of the selected materials. The controls used in this study were untreated samples of each biomass material. All pretreatment conditions tested enhanced enzyme digestibility and improved sugar conversions for reed canarygrass compared with their untreated counterparts. Based on 168 h hydrolysis results using 15 FPU Spezyme CP cellulase/g glucan the most effective AFEX treatment conditions were determined as: vegetative growth stage of reed canarygrass—100°C, 60% moisture content, 1.2∶1 kg ammonia/kg of dry matter (86% glucose and 78% xylose) and seed stage of reed canarygrass—100°C, 60% moisture content, 0.8∶1 kg ammonia/kg of dry matter (89% glucose and 81% xylose). Supplementation by commercial Multifect 720 xylanase along with cellulase further increased both glucose and xylose yields by 10–12% at the most effective AFEX conditions.
Binding of Protein Phosphatase 2A to the L-Type Calcium Channel Ca v 1.2 next to Ser1928, Its Main PKA Site, Is Critical for Ser1928 Dephosphorylation (2006)

The cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) controls a large number of cellular functions. One critical PKA substrate in the brain and heart is the L-type Ca(2+) channel Ca(v)1.2, the activity of which is upregulated by PKA. The main PKA phosphorylation site is serine 1928 in the central pore forming alpha(1)1.2 subunit of Ca(v)1.2. PKA is bound to Ca(v)1.2 within a macromolecular signaling complex consisting of the beta(2) adrenergic receptor, trimeric G(s) protein, and adenylyl cyclase for fast, localized, and hence specific signaling [Davare, M. A., Avdonin, V., Hall, D. D., Peden, E. M., Buret, A., Weinberg, R. J., Horne, M. C., Hoshi, T., and Hell, J. W. (2001) Science 293, 98-101]. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) serves to effectively balance serine 1928 phosphorylation by PKA through its association with the Ca(v)1.2 complex [Davare, M. A., Horne, M. C., and Hell, J. W. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275, 39710-39717]. We now show that native PP2A holoenzymes, as well as the catalytic subunit itself, bind to alpha(1)1.2 immediately downstream of serine 1928. Of those holoenzymes, only heterotrimeric PP2A containing B' and B' ' subunits copurify with alpha(1)1.2. Preventing the binding of PP2A by truncating alpha(1)1.2 28 residues downstream of serine 1928 hampers its dephosphorylation in intact cells. Our results demonstrate for the first time that a stable interaction of PP2A with Ca(v)1.2 is required for effective reversal of PKA-mediated channel phosphorylation. Accordingly, PKA as well as PP2A are constitutively associated with Ca(v)1.2 for its proper regulation by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of serine 1928.
2312 Improvement of Dvriving Performance of DP-RE type ECF micromotor (2006)

This paper reports the development of micro motors using electro-conjugate fluids (ECFs). ECF is a kind of dielectric fluids, which produces jet-flow by applying high DC voltage between electrodes inserted in the fluid. By applying the phenomena of ECFs to a novel motor driving principle, simple structure and lightweight micro motors can be realized. We call these motors ECF micro motors. In this study, we designed and fabricated four types of rotor plates with triangle-electrode pattern for a DP-RE-type ECF micro motor in order to improve the output power density. Also we experimented three types of separators to confirm possible improvement of output characteristics. In conclusion, it is confirmed effective to apply triangle-electrodes for more powerful DP-RE-type ECF micro motors
Plastics: Cyclic Olefin Polymer and Ultem 1010 (2015)

This excerpt gives a succinct explanation of plastics: cyclic olefin polymer and ultem 1010.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Method for the Generation and Capture of Iminyl Radicals. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of 7‐Hydrazinoquinolones. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
iEdit: Localised Text-guided Image Editing with Weak Supervision (2023)

Diffusion models (DMs) can generate realistic images with text guidance using large-scale datasets. However, they demonstrate limited controllability in the output space of the generated images. We propose a novel learning method for text-guided image editing, namely \texttt{iEdit}, that generates images conditioned on a source image and a textual edit prompt. As a fully-annotated dataset with target images does not exist, previous approaches perform subject-specific fine-tuning at test time or adopt contrastive learning without a target image, leading to issues on preserving the fidelity of the source image. We propose to automatically construct a dataset derived from LAION-5B, containing pseudo-target images with their descriptive edit prompts given input image-caption pairs. This dataset gives us the flexibility of introducing a weakly-supervised loss function to generate the pseudo-target image from the latent noise of the source image conditioned on the edit prompt. To encourage localised editing and preserve or modify spatial structures in the image, we propose a loss function that uses segmentation masks to guide the editing during training and optionally at inference. Our model is trained on the constructed dataset with 200K samples and constrained GPU resources. It shows favourable results against its counterparts in terms of image fidelity, CLIP alignment score and qualitatively for editing both generated and real images.
Pattern of Shedding of the Norwalk Particle in Stools during Experimentally Induced Gastroenteritis in Volunteers as Determined by Immune Electron Microscopy (1975)

In 11 of 23 volunteers the Norwalk virus-like particle was visualized by immune electron microscopy in at least one stool specimen obtained during the acute phase of experimentally induced nonbacterial gastroenteritis. Examination of multiple stool specimens obtained during the course of illness in these 11 volunteers revealed maximal concentration of Norwalk virus-like particle at the onset of illness and shortly thereafter; in no case was the Norwalk particle visualized in stools obtained before the onset of illness. This finding further suggests that the Norwalk particle was the etiological agent of the Norwalk gastroenteritis outbreak. The limit of reliability of our immune electron microscopy assay system for particle counting was examined.
Non-causal linear prediction of voiced speech (2003)

Noncausal linear prediction for voiced speech and an error-minimization-based algorithm for iteratively determining the predictor coefficients are introduced. The noncausal component is included to model the shape of the glottal excitation more accurately. It is shown that with the inclusion of the noncausal component, the prediction error signal is much closer to an impulse train than the error signal generated using a traditional, purely causal, linear prediction filter. Furthermore, the prediction gain achieved using the noncausal component is significantly higher than that achieved by a causal linear predictor of comparable order. This demonstrates the potential of the algorithm to decrease the bit rate needed for coding the excitation in linear prediction based speech coding algorithms, while improving the quality of the speech.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
P1135 CHANGES OF GUT MICROBIOTA AND IMMUNE MARKERS DURING WEANING PERIOD IN HEALTHY INFANTS (2004)

Introduction: Little is known about changes in intestinal microbiota during weaning. This descriptive study investigated changes of selected gut microbiota and markers of gut permeability and immune system during the weaning period. Methods: 22 healthy infants were followed from age 4 to 9 months. Inclusion criteria were: exclusive breast feeding from birth to 4 months, no antibiotic intake 30 d before study, absence of allergy. Clinical data, faecal and saliva samples were collected at beginning of the study (V0, age 120 days) and at monthly intervals until 9 months (V1 -V5). Faecal samples were analysed for Bifidobacteria, Lactobacilli, Lactobacilli Van-insentive, Entero-bacteria, Enterococci, Clostridium perfringens by semi-selective media, alpha-1-antitrypsin by ELISA and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) by fluoroenzyme immunoassay. The faecal and saliva samples were also analysed for secretory IgA and TNF-alpha by ELISA and total protein content. Data obtained <30d after antibiotics were removed from statistical analysis. Results: Lactobacilli and lactobacilli Van-insensitive increased significantly during weaning from V0 (120 days old) to V3 (210 days old) (p <0.01), and then slightly decreased (V4) (Table 1). Other faecal microbiota and parameters measured in saliva did not change (or <detection limit). Faecal ECP decreased significantly from V0 (1.0±1.4) until visit V5 (and 0.5±0.9 micro g/mg protein, respectively, P=0.03).Table 1: Faecal microbiota (log10 CFU/ml, mean ± SD, n=16–22)Conclusion: The increase in faecal lactobacilli and lacto. Van-insensitive indicates a rise in typical lactobacilli of adult flora during early weaning (4–7months). Bifidobacteria and other measured gut microbiota did not change during the weaning period in our study group ( exclusively breast-fed for 4 M). The reduction in faecal ECP suggests a decrease in gut permeability (reinforcement of gut mucosa integrity) during the weaning period with age.
Chocolate: A Heart-healthy Food? Show Me the Science! (2002)

Cocoa and chocolate foods produced by appropriate methods can contribute significant amounts of heart-healthy flavanols to the diet. These flavanols may enhance cardiovascular health by delaying blood clotting, improving vascular endothelial function, and helping to moderate inflammation. The benefits of chocolate can be enjoyed without guilt as part of a healthful balanced diet.
THE COMPARE OF DIAGNOSTIC VALUE BETWEEN DUKE CRITERIA AND TRIAL STANDARD OF CHINA FOR THE CHINESE INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS (2012)

Objectives To analyse the diagnostic value of the Chinese people with infective endocarditis (IE) using Duke criteria and Trial Standard of china. Methods 182 Clinical diagnosis IE cases were selected from 2005 to 2011 in our hospital to analyse the diagnostic value with Duke criteria and Trial Standard. Among those, 38 cases of IE confirmed by pathology diagnostic analysis. And compare the two standard sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis of IE. Results 11 cases with 2 or more than 2 times consecutive blood culture positive for the same bacteria in the 182 cases of IE patients, echocardiography detected vegetations 164 cases, 3 cases with 2 or more than 2 times consecutive blood culture positive for the same bacteria in 38 patients confirmed by pathologically, and 33 cases detected vegetation by echocardiography. Among 38 patients confirmed by pathologically, 19 cases was diagnosed IE using the Duke criteria, but 35 cases were diagnosed IE using Trial Standard of china. So 38 patients confirmed with pathologically cases, Diagnostic sensitivity of Duke criteria and Trial Standard of china was 50% and 92.1% respectively, and specificity were 100% and 96.3%. Conclusions Trial Standard of china combine echocardiography and two minor criteria was better than the Duke criteria on the diagnostic sensitivity of clinical diagnosis of IE, while no significant difference in specificity.
Scalable Lossless Coding of Dynamic Medical CT Data Using Motion Compensated Wavelet Lifting with Denoised Prediction and Update (2019)

Professional applications like telemedicine often require scalable lossless coding of sensitive data. 3-D subband coding has turned out to offer good compression results for dynamic CT data and additionally provides a scalable representation in terms of low- and highpass subbands. To improve the visual quality of the lowpass subband, motion compensation can be incorporated into the lifting structure, but leads to inferior compression results at the same time. Prior work has shown that a denoising filter in the update step can improve the compression ratio. In this paper, we present a new processing order of motion compensation and denoising in the update step and additionally introduce a second denoising filter in the prediction step. This allows for reducing the overall file size by up to 4.4%, while the visual quality of the lowpass subband is kept nearly constant.
Search for Violations of Lorentz Invariance andCPTSymmetry inB(s)0Mixing (2016)

Violations of CPT symmetry and Lorentz invariance are searched for by studying interference effects in B^{0} mixing and in B_{s}^{0} mixing. Samples of B^{0}→J/ψK_{S}^{0} and B_{s}^{0}→J/ψK^{+}K^{-} decays are recorded by the LHCb detector in proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb^{-1}. No periodic variations of the particle-antiparticle mass differences are found, consistent with Lorentz invariance and CPT symmetry. Results are expressed in terms of the standard model extension parameter Δa_{μ} with precisions of O(10^{-15}) and O(10^{-14}) GeV for the B^{0} and B_{s}^{0} systems, respectively. With no assumption on Lorentz (non)invariance, the CPT-violating parameter z in the B_{s}^{0} system is measured for the first time and found to be Re(z)=-0.022±0.033±0.005 and Im(z)=0.004±0.011±0.002, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic.
Electron-Equivalent Valency through Molecularly Well-Defined Multivalent DNA (2021)

Oligonucleotide-functionalized nanoparticles (NPs), also known as "programmable atom equivalents" (PAEs), have emerged as a class of versatile building blocks for generating colloidal crystals with tailorable structures and properties. Recent studies have shown that, at small size and low DNA grafting density, PAEs can also behave as "electron equivalents" (EEs), roaming through and stabilizing a complementary PAE sublattice. However, it has been challenging to obtain a detailed understanding of EE-PAE interactions and the underlying colloidal metallicity because there is inherent polydispersity in the number of DNA strands on the surfaces of these NPs; thus, the structural uniformity and tailorability of NP-based EEs are somewhat limited. Herein, we report a strategy for synthesizing colloidal crystals where the EEs are templated by small molecules, instead of NPs, and functionalized with a precise number of DNA strands. When these molecularly precise EEs are assembled with complementary NP-based PAEs, X-ray scattering and electron microscopy reveal the formation of three distinct "metallic" phases. Importantly, we show that the thermal stability of these crystals is dependent on the number of sticky ends per EE, while lattice symmetry is controlled by the number and orientation of EE sticky ends on the PAEs. Taken together, this work introduces the notion that, unlike conventional electrons, EEs that are molecular in origin can have a defined valency that can be used to influence and guide specific phase formation.
Anisotropic Photoluminescence from Er-TeO2 Thin Films Photonic Crystals for On-Chip NIR Light Source (2012)

Er3+-TeO2 thin film photonics crystals (PhCs) demonstrates anisotropic photoluminescence (PL) emission. By tuning the PhC periodicity, surface extraction mode or waveguide propagation mode can be selected which provides flexible on-chip light source.
Adaptive optics scanning ophthalmoscopy with annular pupils (2012)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Y. N. Sulai and A. Dubra, "Adaptive optics scanning ophthalmoscopy with annular pupils," in Frontiers in Optics 2012/Laser Science XXVIII, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2012), paper FM4A.2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Get Video Citation alert Save article
A Systematic Study of Inner-Attention-Based Sentence Representations in Multilingual Neural Machine Translation (2020)

Neural machine translation has considerably improved the quality of automatic translations by learning good representations of input sentences. In this article, we explore a multilingual translation model capable of producing fixed-size sentence representations by incorporating an intermediate crosslingual shared layer, which we refer to as attention bridge. This layer exploits the semantics from each language and develops into a language-agnostic meaning representation that can be efficiently used for transfer learning.We systematically study the impact of the size of the attention bridge and the effect of including additional languages in the model. In contrast to related previous work, we demonstrate that there is no conflict between translation performance and the use of sentence representations in downstream tasks. In particular, we show that larger intermediate layers not only improve translation quality, especially for long sentences, but also push the accuracy of trainable classification tasks. Nevertheless, shorter representations lead to increased compression that is beneficial in non-trainable similarity tasks. Similarly, we show that trainable downstream tasks benefit from multilingual models, whereas additional language signals do not improve performance in non-trainable benchmarks. This is an important insight that helps to properly design models for specific applications. Finally, we also include an in-depth analysis of the proposed attention bridge and its ability of encoding linguistic properties. We carefully analyze the information that is captured by individual attention heads and identify interesting patterns that explain the performance of specific settings in linguistic probing tasks.
Nuclear Susceptibility of LiquidH2and HD (1984)

We have measured the nuclear susceptibility of liquid ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ with different ortho concentrations, and of liquid HD. In ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ the susceptibility is larger than the Curie value, whereas in HD the susceptibility is less. The signs and magnitudes of the differences in susceptibility can be understood qualitatively on the basis of the statistics and the expected magnitude of the exchange interactions between molecules.
Multiwavelength optical fiber refractive index profiling (2010)

Fourier transform spectroscopy and interference microscopy are combined to provide the world's first multi-wavelength optical fiber refractive index profile (RIP) measurements. The RIP and its spectral dependence are obtained with submicron spatial resolution across an octave stretching from about 500 nm to the 1 micron operating band of Yb-doped fiber lasers and amplifiers. In contrast to commercial Refracted Near Field (RNF) technology, which measures at a cleave, the technique described here measures transversely through the side of an uncleaved fiber, enabling measurements of axial fiber RIP variations found in fiber gratings, physical tapers, and fusion splices.
Coiled‐Coil Gel Nanostructures of Oligo(p‐phenylenevinylene)s: Gelation‐Induced Helix Transition in a Higher‐Order Supramolecular Self‐Assembly of a Rigid π‐Conjugated System (2004)

Linksgängig helicale Nanoseile entstehen beim Gelieren eines starren π-konjugierten Oligo(p-phenylenvinylens) mit entfernten chiralen Hanteln (siehe Bild; R=C12H25) aus Ensembles höherer Ordnung von chiralen Aggregaten. Die konzentrations- und temperaturabhängigen Änderungen der CD-Signale dieser Ensembles sind charakteristisch für einen Helixübergang. Der Prozess erinnert an das Falten und Entfalten helicaler biologischer Makromoleküle. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2004/z53874_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.