gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Disruption of Reproductive Activity of Coptotermes formosanus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) Primary Reproductives by Three Chitin Synthesis Inhibitors (2004)

Effects of the chitin synthesis inhibitors (CSIs) diflubenzuron, hexaflumuron, and lufenuron on the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, primary reproductives were studied in the laboratory. Incipient colonies were established by collecting and pairing C. formosanus alates and placing them in dishes containing an artificial diet. Three groups of 56 colonies each were fed with a diet containing 10 ppm of one of each of the CSIs and were compared with a control group fed with an untreated diet. All eggs oviposited by treated young queens failed to hatch at the end of 6 mo. Estimated queen fecundity was significantly lower in the lufenuron treatment compared with the control group. Fecundity of hexaflumuron-treated queens did not differ significantly from that of queens from the control group and the other treatments. Adult mortality was significantly higher in the diflubenzuron and lufenuron treatments than in the control group at the end of 6 mo., but not in the hexaflumuron treatment. All the pairs died within 8 mo. in the diflubenzuron and lufenuron treatments, even after treatment was suspended at the end of 6 mo. Mortality in the hexaflumuron treatment was significantly higher than in the control group by the end of 9 mo. The three CSIs tested eliminated reproduction in C. formosanus by preventing egg hatching and induced adult mortality. Possible mechanisms by which CSIs induce termite adult death are discussed.
Stolonoxides E and F, Cytotoxic Metabolites from the Marine Ascidian Stolonica socialis (2009)

Two new members of the stolonoxide family, stolonoxides E (1) and F (2), were isolated from samples of the marine ascidian Stolonica socialis collected in Cádiz (Spain). Their structures were determined by a combination of techniques, including (+)-HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, and comparison with published data for the structurally related stolonoxides A-D (3-6). Both compounds displayed cytotoxicity against a panel of three human tumor cell lines.
Diode-Laser Phase Conjugation 03-FS-030 Final Report (2005)

Arrays of lasers are often considered when a need exists to increase laser optical output power, for a variety of purposes. Similarly, individual semiconductor laser-diodes, generating 0.01-1.0 W each, are commonly placed in arrays in order to increase total optical power onto targeted objects. Examples of such usage are diode-laser pump arrays for solid-slab heat-capacity lasers, laser arrays for heat-treating materials, and arrays for efficient solid state laser systems. The commercial and defense communities also use such arrays for many applications from laser range-finders, laser designators, to laser machining systems, etc. However, the arraying process does not automatically increase ''focusable'' light on target (i.e., intensity/steradian). For those applications requiring the highest focusability, it is necessary that the collective output beam from arrays of individual lasers be phase-coherent. Under this condition, the individual laser-element optical outputs are ''fused together'' into a larger area, phase coherent (i.e., all wavefronts are ''in step''), high-power combined beam. The process of joining multiple laser beams together to produce a single coherent wave, is in general very difficult and seldom accomplished. Thus joining together many hundreds to thousands of beams from individual laser-diodes, in large arrays, is still an unsolved problem. There are 2 major reasons for this. Firstly, the phase of each output laser beam (i.e. the wave-fronts) from each laser diode often fluctuates within nanosecond time periods, making a control loop with sufficient bandwidth difficult to build. In fact, phase fluctuations (related to laser linewidth) limit the size of an extended system of arrayed diodes because of speed-of-light restrictions on information flow. Secondly, the output power per prior laser diode has been low ( < 1W,) so that the size, expense, and complexity of control systems for correcting a multitude of output phases of the individual diode lasers in a large array, become prohibitive. Recently, we have been considering ways to use new diode geometries and 4-wave mixing/phase-conjugation technologies to enable large arrays of semiconductor lasers to be phased together to produce large-output-power laser systems, with good beam quality. If the ideas hold up, arrays of 100 to > 1 million laser elements might produce 100 W to > 1 Megawatt laser beams. Such systems can have many defense and commercial applications.
Comparison Of Scatter Data From Various Beam Dumps (1987)

Bidirectional transmittance distribution function, BTDF, measurements of low scatter optical materials require low scatter beam dumps to dissipate energy when the measurements are made at angles away from the specular beam. Many laboratories use beam dumps without knowing their scatter characteristics. We have made BRDF measurements at 0.6328 μm of beam dumps consisting of painted glass test tubes and a stack of razor blades. Low reflectivity flat surfaces, including Martin Black, Nextel Suede Coating, black felt and anodized aluminum were also measured. Results show that when compared with the BRDF measured for a flat surface coated with Martin Black, test tubes with low reflectivity black paint offer 1.5 to 2 orders of magnitude improvement. For flat surfaces, the BRDF of black felt is within a factor of 2 or 3 of that from Martin Black. When using the best performing beam dump, measurements verify that scatter from the beam dump can corrupt transmissive sample data at large angles in a manner not predicted by instrument signature measurements.
Figure S5 from Selective Inhibition of the Second Bromodomain of BET Family Proteins Results in Robust Antitumor Activity in Preclinical Models of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S5.Antitumor activity of ABBV-744/venetoclax in AML xenograft model and AML primary samples&lt;/p&gt;
On the inherent weakness of conditional synchronization primitives (2004)

The "wait-free hierarchy" classifies multiprocessor synchronization primitives according to their power to solve consensus. The classification is based on assigning a number n to each synchronization primitive, where n is the maximal number of processes for which deterministic wait-free consensus can be solved using instances of the primitive and read write registers. Conditional synchronization primitives, such as Compare-and-Swap and Load-Linked/Store-Conditional, can implement deterministic wait-free consensus for any number of processes (they have consensus number ∞), and are thus considered to be among the strongest synchronization primitives; Compare-and-Swap and Load-Linked/Store-Conditional have consequently became the synchronization primitives of choice, and have been implemented in hardware in many multiprocessor architectures.This paper shows that, though they are strong in the context of consensus, conditional synchronization primitives are not efficient in terms of memory space for implementing many key objects. Our results hold for starvation-free implementations of mutual exclusion, and for wait-free implementations of a large class of concurrent objects, that we call Visible(n). Roughly, Visible(n) is a class that includes all objects that support some operation that must perform a "visible" write before it terminates. Visible(n) includes many useful objects; some examples are: counters, stacks, queues, swap, fetch-and-add, and single-writer snapshot objects. We show that at least n conditional registers are required by any such implementation, even if registers are of unbounded size. We also obtain tradeoffs between time and space for n-process wait-free implementations of any one-time object in Visible(n) . All these results hold for both deterministic and randomized implementations.Starvation-free mutual exclusion and wait-free implementations of some objects in Visible(n) (e.g. counters, swap and fetch-and-add) can be implemented by O(1) non-conditional primitives. Thus we believe that basing multiprocessor strong synchronization solely on conditional synchronization primitives might not be the best design choice.
Characterization of flip chip microjoins up to 40 GHz using silicon carrier (2005)

Electrical characterization results of fine pitch flip chip interconnections, called microjoins, using a silicon carrier are reported. Microjoins with 50 /spl mu/m diameter, 100 /spl mu/m pitch are assembled onto a silicon carrier and characterized up to 40 GHz using transmission line test macros. Time and frequency domain measurements of a single 50 /spl mu/m diameter microjoin give 6 ps delay and less than -0.5 dB transmission losses up to 40 GHz.
Novel photoresist design based on electrophilic aromatic substitution (1989)

Abstract A new approach to resist materials that exhibit chemical amplification is based on systems comprised of three structural units at least one of which is polymeric: (a) an aromatic moiety such as poly(4‐hydroxystyrene), Novolac, or other aromatic compounds which are susceptible to electrophilic aromatic substitution; (b) a latent electrophile which may be polyfunctional and, in the case of this study, is a carbocation precursor; (c) a material which generates strong acid upon irradiation. Exposure of a film containing these three structural components affords a latent image of acid dispersed in the polymer matrix. In a subsequent baking step, the photogenerated acid reacts with the latent electrophile releasing a very reactive carbocationic species which becomes bound to the aromatic moiety. As one of the components of the resist is polymeric and multifunctional, the result is a rapid increase in molecular weight due to branching and crosslinking of the chains. In terms of imaging, this process translates into the formation of a negative image of the mask although under some conditions a positive image may also be produced. The system shows a very high sensitivity and can provide high resolution images devoid of distortion due to the absence of swelling during development.
Amphiphilic and polymerizable porphyrins and their copolymerization with phospholipid: oriented fixation of porphyrins in bilayer membrane (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAmphiphilic and polymerizable porphyrins and their copolymerization with phospholipid: oriented fixation of porphyrins in bilayer membraneHiroyuki. Nishide, Makoto. Yuasa, Yukio. Hashimoto, and Eishun. TsuchidaCite this: Macromolecules 1987, 20, 2, 459–461Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00168a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00168a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views87Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Performance of the Dexcom G6 Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) system during cardiac surgery using hypothermic extracorporeal circulation (2023)

&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Background&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) may be challenged by extreme conditions during cardiac surgery using hypothermic extracorporeal circulation (ECC).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Research Design and Methods&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;We evaluated the Dexcom G6 sensor in 16 subjects undergoing cardiac surgery with hypothermic ECC, of whom 11 received deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA). Arterial blood glucose, quantified by the Accu-Chek Inform II meter, served as reference. &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Results &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Intra-surgery mean absolute relative difference (MARD) of 256 paired CGM/reference values was 23.8%. MARD was 29.1% during ECC (154 pairs) and 41.6% immediately after DHCA (10 pairs), with a negative bias (signed relative difference: -13.7%, -26.6% and -41.6%). During surgery, 86.3% pairs were in Clarke error grid Zones A or B and 41.0% of sensor readings fulfilled the ISO 15197:2013 norm. Post-surgery, MARD was 15.0%.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Conclusions&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Cardiac surgery using hypothermic ECC challenges the accuracy of the Dexcom G6 CGM although recovery appears to occur thereafter. &lt;/p&gt;
Characteristic Excitation Taper for Ultrawideband Tightly Coupled Antenna Arrays (2012)

We propose a novel technique to calculate a quasi- optimal aperture excitation for finite size, ultrawideband arrays. The approach is based on using the characteristic modes of the array's mutual impedance matrix. Unlike standard excitation tapers, primarily used for beam shaping, the proposed characteristic mode taper provides for wideband matching of all array elements, including those at the edges of the finite array. As such, it maximizes aperture efficiency and is particularly attractive for finite size, tightly coupled antenna arrays. Our method solely relies on the N × N mutual impedance matrix of the array which is precomputed (or measured). We demonstrate this novel excitation method for an 8 × 8 array of tightly coupled dipole elements. When compared to uniform excitation, the characteristic mode excitation achieves very low VSWRs for all elements over a large bandwidth. Improvements in realized gain are also demonstrated. Due to its simplicity, this new method can be incorporated into a design process to optimize element and array geometries, leading to further performance improvements.
Embedding Linux to track concealed weapons (2001)

A football-sized array of magnetic sensors can detect blades, knives, handguns and vehicles in the vicinity. Immediate analysis can show the concealed target as a red blob that is superimposed on a video image. This paper reviews why Linux was the only viable platform, describes the software and summarizes the algorithms being used.
Low concentrations of LL-37 alter IL-8 production by keratinocytes and bronchial epithelial cells in response to proinflammatory stimuli (2009)

The immunomodulatory cationic host defence peptide LL-37 plays an important role in epithelial innate immunity; at higher concentrations (20-50 microg mL(-1)) associated with inflammation, LL-37 elicits the production of cytokines and chemokines. It was demonstrated here that lower, physiologically relevant LL-37 concentrations (2-3 microg mL(-1)) altered epithelial cell responses to proinflammatory stimuli. In combination with interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and the Toll-like receptor-5 (TLR5) agonist flagellin, these low concentrations of LL-37 synergistically increased IL-8 production by both proliferating and differentiated keratinocytes and by bronchial epithelial cells. In combination with the TLR2/1 agonist PAM3CSK4, LL-37 synergistically induced transcription and the release of both IL-8 and IL-6 from primary bronchial epithelial cells; the IL-8 response was demonstrated to be regulated by epidermal growth factor receptor signalling. Treatment of bronchial epithelial cells with LL-37 and the TLR3 agonist polyI:C resulted in synergistic increases in IL-8 release and cytotoxicity. These data indicate that low concentrations of LL-37 may alter epithelial responses to infecting microorganisms in vivo.
Study of the Indoor Millimeter Wavelength Channel (2014)

In this paper, we conduct ray-tracing simulation studies using WinProp tool to understand the path loss, coverage area, diversity and delay spread of the 29GHz band in the indoor propagation environment, and compare the 29GHz indoor channel to the 2.9GHz indoor channel. In addition, we compare our simulation results with the measurement data from [4]. Based on our simulation results, we conclude that the 29GHz band has similar indoor channel characteristics as 2.9GHz and that any inherent impairment of the mmWave due to higher carrier frequency can easily compensated with beam forming techniques and other advanced algorithms. Specifically, our results show that the path loss exponents and the RMS delay spread values are similar at 29GHz and at 2.9GHz. In addition, our simulation results show that by having multiple access points on an office floor, we can significantly improve important diversity metrics such as the number of detectable beams and the angular separation of those beams, so as to make 29GHz system using beam forming technique more robust against beam blockage.
Reconfigurable broadband infrared circularly polarizing reflectors based on phase changing birefringent metasurfaces (2013)

This paper discusses a theoretical approach towards synthesizing broadband circularly polarizing reflectors. The broadband polarizing reflectors consist of birefringent metallo-dielectric metasurfaces which are described by the Jones matrices and verified via full-wave simulations. Specifically, full-wave simulations for candidate designs are presented that target operation in the near infrared band. In addition, reconfigurability is introduced and demonstrated for candidate designs at the long wave infrared band through the inclusion of a bistable phase change chalcogenide glass substrate.
Loss of PTEN is associated with progression to androgen independence (2006)

These data suggest that PTEN inactivation may play a role in progression to androgen independence.
LOWER GFR CAUSED BY REDUCTION OF FUNCTIONAL NEPHRONS IN ROMK TYPE II BARTTER’S MICE (2006)

We previously reported that ROMK null mice exhibit a similar phenotype to Type II Bartter’s syndrome including renal Na+ and K+ wasting due to reduced furosemide‐sensitive Na/2Cl/K‐cotransporter activity in the thick ascending limb. Compensating mechanisms of increasing Na+ and water absorption in distal nephron segments in ROMK null mice include increased renin expression, plasma aldosterone concentration and thiazide‐sensitive NaCl transport activity (JASN, 2004). Renal clearance experiments show a 3‐fold higher urine output (3.46 ± 0.58 vs. 1.00±0.10 ul/min, n=16), with a 43% lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR; 0.51±0.05 vs. 0.90±0.06ml/min/100 g BW; P&lt;0.01), in ROMK null mice and wild‐type mice, respectively. Since no reduction in single nephron GFR was observed in ROMK knockout mice (Lorenz JN et al, JBC 2001), we assessed the number of glomeruli using the magnet bead method, and estimated hydronephrosis using liquid retention in kidneys of wild‐type and ROMK null mice. Liquid retention rates were significantly higher (18.86±2.32% vs. 4.61± 0.30%, n=24, P&lt;0.001) and number of glomeruli significantly lower (10019.46±1299/2kidneys vs. 19183.33 ± 370.74/2kidneys, n=5, P&lt;0.01) in ROMK knockout kidneys compared to the wild‐type. The 48% reduction in number of glomeruli is similar to the decreased total GFR in ROMK null mice. These results indicated that the lower GFR in ROMK Bartter’s mice was caused by a reduction of nephron number, possibly due to the high urine flow‐induced hydronephrosis.
Embedded low-cost 1.2 Gb/s inter-IC serial data link in 0.35 μm CMOS (2002)

The increasing need for interconnect bandwidth between ICs on PCBs together with limited pin count demands high-speed serial interfaces. Many fast serial transceivers have been published in this field, but they are rather large, noisy and/or power hungry for embedded applications, especially in a mixed-signal environment. For short-distance communication, phase-locked clock recovery and oversampling, are quite 'expensive' techniques for data recovery and synchronization, resulting in fixed wordlengths protocols and limited flexibility. Interchip interconnect research focuses on driver techniques and throughput per pin. Serial transfer of parallel data and synchronization issues are not discussed. The solution presented in this paper is simple, robust and flexible and has low electromagnetic interference (EMI). This makes it especially suitable for data busses between AD/DA converters and a microprocessor or DSP, although it can be applied for other bus types as well. While a prototype is implemented in standard 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS, the concept can be used in many technologies and is future-proof, regarding signaling levels and circuit techniques.
Syk Regulation of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase-Dependent NK Cell Function (2002)

Emerging evidence suggests that NK-activatory receptors use KARAP/DAP12, CD3zeta, and FcepsilonRIgamma adaptors that contain immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activatory motifs to mediate NK direct lysis of tumor cells via Syk tyrosine kinase. NK cells may also use DAP10 to drive natural cytotoxicity through phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). In contrast to our recently identified PI3K pathway controlling NK cytotoxicity, the signaling mechanism by which Syk associates with downstream effectors to drive NK lytic function has not been clearly defined. In NK92 cells, which express DAP12 but little DAP10/NKG2D, we now show that Syk acts upstream of PI3K, subsequently leading to the specific signaling of the PI3K-->Rac1-->PAK1-->mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase-->ERK cascade that we earlier described. Tumor cell ligation stimulated DAP12 tyrosine phosphorylation and its association with Syk in NK92 cells; Syk tyrosine phosphorylation and activation were also observed. Inhibition of Syk function by kinase-deficient Syk or piceatannol blocked target cell-induced PI3K, Rac1, PAK1, mitogen-activated protein/ERK kinase, and ERK activation, perforin movement, as well as NK cytotoxicity, indicating that Syk is upstream of all these signaling events. Confirming that Syk does not act downstream of PI3K, constitutively active PI3K reactivated all the downstream effectors as well as NK cytotoxicity suppressed in Syk-impaired NK cells. Our results are the first report documenting the instrumental role of Syk in control of PI3K-dependent natural cytotoxicity.
Supplementary Data from Mesothelin-Targeted Thorium-227 Conjugate (MSLN-TTC): Preclinical Evaluation of a New Targeted Alpha Therapy for Mesothelin-Positive Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;The file contains Supporting Figures.&lt;/p&gt;