gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oxygen-17 NMR spectroscopy: torsion angle relationships in aryl carboxylic esters, acids and amides (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxygen-17 NMR spectroscopy: torsion angle relationships in aryl carboxylic esters, acids and amidesA. L. Baumstark, P. Balakrishnan, M. Dotrong, C. J. McCloskey, M. G. Oakley, and D. W. BoykinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 4, 1059–1062Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1987https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00238a013Request reuse permissionsArticle Views259Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (478 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Deep Outdoor Illumination Estimation (2016)

We present a CNN-based technique to estimate high-dynamic range outdoor illumination from a single low dynamic range image. To train the CNN, we leverage a large dataset of outdoor panoramas. We fit a low-dimensional physically-based outdoor illumination model to the skies in these panoramas giving us a compact set of parameters (including sun position, atmospheric conditions, and camera parameters). We extract limited field-of-view images from the panoramas, and train a CNN with this large set of input image--output lighting parameter pairs. Given a test image, this network can be used to infer illumination parameters that can, in turn, be used to reconstruct an outdoor illumination environment map. We demonstrate that our approach allows the recovery of plausible illumination conditions and enables photorealistic virtual object insertion from a single image. An extensive evaluation on both the panorama dataset and captured HDR environment maps shows that our technique significantly outperforms previous solutions to this problem.
Toxicity of plant extracts to three storage beetles (Coleoptera) (1992)

Abstract Eleven indigenous Ghanaian plant species were tested for their toxicity to 3 storage pest species: Acanthoscelides obtectus, Prostephanus truncatus and Sitophilus oryzae under laboratory conditions. P. truncatus was reared on loose maize grains, S. oryzae on wheat grains and A. obtectus on cowpeas. All rearings were done in an incubator at 25–26°C and 65–75% R.H. The plant extracts evaluated were obtained from the neem Azadirachta indica leaf and seed, Chromolaena odorata leaf, Cissampelos owariensis leaf and root, Datura metel seed, Datura stramonium seed, Erythrophleum suaveolens leaf, Grewia carpinifolia leaf, Ricinus communis seed, Sida acuta leaf, Solanum nigrum leaf, and Strophanthus hispidus leaf. Crude ethanol extracts at concentrations of 10% (wt/vol) were used as topical applications. The effect of the plant extracts was compared with that of the neem. R. communis and S. nigrum were the crude materials most toxic to the three pest species. Extracts of C. owariensis and E. suaveolens were also very effective, and more promising than the neem extracts. Least effective were S. acuta, C. odorata, G. carpinifolia and S. hispidus. A. obtectus was usually most and P. truncatus least sensitive to the plant extracts. Zusammenfassung Zur toxischen Wirkung von Pflanzenextrakten auf drei vorratsschädliche Käfer (Coleoptera) Elf einheimische ghanaische Pflanzenarten wurden unter Laborbedingungen auf ihre Wirkung auf die 3 vorratsschädlichen Käferarten Acanthoscelides obtectus, Prostephanus truncatus sowie Sitophilus oryzae untersucht. P. truncatus wurde an Maiskörnern, S. oryzae an Weizenkörnern und A. obtectus an Kuhbohnen aufgezogen. Verwendet wurde ein Inkubator mit 25‐26°C und 65‐75% rel. Luftfeuchte. Die Extrakte wurden aus folgenden Pflanzenarten gewonnen: Azadirachta indica ‐Blätter und ‐Samen, Chromolaena odorata ‐Blätter, Cissampelos owariensis ‐Blätter und ‐Wurzeln, Datura metel ‐Samen, Datura stramonium ‐Samen, Erythrophloeum suaveolens ‐Blätter, Grewia carpinifolia ‐Blätter, Ricinus communis ‐Samen, Sida acuta ‐Blätter, Solanum nigrum ‐Blätter und Strophantus hispidus ‐Blätter. Ihre Äthanolextrakte wurden in 10%iger Konzentration topikal angewendet. Die Wirkung wurde mit jener von Neemextrakt verglichen. R. communis und S. nigrum erwiesen sich gegenüber den 3 Schädlingen als am wirkungsvollsten. Extrakte aus C. owariensis und E. suaveolens waren ebenfalls sehr wirkungsvoll und mehrversprechender als Neemextrakte. Die geringsten Wirkungen zeigten S. acuta, C. odorata, G. carpinifolia und S. hispidus. A. obtectus war am empfindlichsten und P. truncatus am wenigsten empfindlich gegenüber den Pflanzenextrakten.
Monomeric Magnesium and Calcium Complexes containing the Rigid, Dianionic 1, 2‐Bis[(2, 5‐di‐tert‐butylphenyl)imino]acenaphthene (dtb‐BIAN) and 1, 2‐Bis[(2‐biphenyl)imino]acenaphthene (bph‐BIAN) Ligands (2004)

Abstract The new rigid bidentate nitrogen ligands 1, 2‐bis[(2, 5‐di‐ tert ‐butylphenyl)imino]acenaphthene ( 1 ) (dtb‐BIAN) and 1, 2‐bis[(2‐biphenyl)imino]acenaphthene ( 2 ) (bph‐BIAN) have been synthesized by condensation of 1, 2‐acenaphthylenedione with 2, 5‐di‐ tert ‐butylaniline and 2‐aminobiphenyl, respectively. Reduction of 1 and 2 with magnesium and calcium results in the formation of the monomeric metal complexes [(dtb‐BIAN)Mg(THF) 2 ] ( 3 ), [(bph‐BIAN)Mg(DME) 2 ] ( 4 ), and [(bph‐BIAN)Ca(THF) 3 ] ( 5 ). Compounds 1 — 5 have been characterized by C/H analyses, IR, 1 H NMR, and 13 C NMR spectra, the structures of 2 , 3 , and 5 have been estimated by single crystal X‐ray diffraction.
The design of a computer language for linguistic information (1984)

A considerable body of accumulated knowledge about the design of languages for communicating information to computers has been derived from the subfields of programming language design and semantics. It has been the goal of the PATR group at SRI to utilize a relevant portion of this knowledge in implementing tools to facilitate communication of linguistic information to computers. The PATR-II formalism is our current computer language for encoding linguistic information. This paper, a brief overview of that formalism, attempts to explicate our design decisions in terms of a set of properties that effective computer languages should incorporate.
POSITOLOGICA (1980)

Nohara, N.; Tanaka, E.; Tomitani, T.; Yamamoto, M.; Murayama, H.; Suda, Y.; Endo, M.; linuma, T.; Tateno, Y.; Shishido, F.; Ishimatsu, K.; Ueda, K.; Takami, K. Author Information
A methodology for the performance prediction of massively parallel applications (2002)

This paper presents a methodology to predict the execution time of massively parallel applications before any significant implementation actions are taken. This methodology captures the problem decomposition into tasks and their precedence relationship, along with the computational and communication demands placed by the application on the underlying architecture. An example shows how the methodology may be used to study the effects of various data placement strategies, problem size, and number of processors for an LU factorization algorithm. The model predictions were validated with published experimental results on a Touchstone Delta machine.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The Importance of Lexicalized Syntax Models for Natural Language Generation Tasks (2002)

Abstract : The parsing community has long recognized the importance of lexicalized models of syntax. By contrast, these models do not appear to have had an impact on the statistical NLG community. To prove their importance in NLG, we show that a lexicalized model of syntax improves the performance of a statistical text compression system, and show results that suggest it would also improve the performances of an MT application and a pure natural language generation system.
Indole Cytosolic Phospholipase A2α Inhibitors: Discovery and in Vitro and in Vivo Characterization of 4-{3-[5-Chloro-2-(2-{[(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)sulfonyl]amino}ethyl)-1-(diphenylmethyl)-1H-indol-3-yl]propyl}benzoic Acid, Efipladib (2008)

The optimization of a class of indole cPLA 2 alpha inhibitors is described herein. The importance of the substituent at C3 and the substitution pattern of the phenylmethane sulfonamide region are highlighted. Optimization of these regions led to the discovery of 111 (efipladib) and 121 (WAY-196025), which are shown to be potent, selective inhibitors of cPLA 2 alpha in a variety of isolated enzyme assays, cell based assays, and rat and human whole blood assays. The binding of these compounds has been further examined using isothermal titration calorimetry. Finally, these compounds have shown efficacy when dosed orally in multiple acute and chronic prostaglandin and leukotriene dependent in vivo models.
The sulfite mill as a sugar-flexible future biorefinery (2012)

The production of single- and mixed-sugar streams and their conversion to bioproducts were studied, using sulfite pulping streams as feedstocks. Sulfite pulp, sludge, and spent sulfite liquor are concurrently generated alongside of bleached pulp, and the pulping process renders pretreatment of solid streams unnecessary. Streams were converted separately; however, due to their low production volume, solid and liquid streams were also combined as a means to increase the quantity of starting feedstock. Spent sulfite liquor, comprising mostly monomeric hexose and pentose sugars, was directly fermented to ethanol and xylitol with Candida guilliermondii. Single-sugar streams were generated through hydrolysis of pulp and sludge in water, followed by fermentation to ethanol with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mixed-sugar streams were generated through both separate hydrolysis and fermentation and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of pulp and sludge in spent sulfite liquor using S. cerevisiae. The best single-sugar source was obtained by hydrolysis of pulp in water, which produced 78.8 g/L of glucose after 96 h. The glucose concentration from hydrolysis of sludge in water was lower (33.5 g/L). Both of these streams were easily converted to ethanol, with yields of 77.8% and 76.2%, respectively. Hydrolyzability of solids was the limiting factor in separate hydrolysis and fermentation conversion of pulp and sludge in water, but hydrolyzability of sludge was not affected when mixed with spent sulfite liquor.
Evaluation of Odor Characteristics of Heat‐Dried Biosolids Product (2003)

Because it produces an exceptional quality pellet product, heat drying of wastewater solids from municipal wastewater treatment plants is becoming more prevalent as biosolids management regulations become more restrictive. The product from heat drying is sometimes odorous as dry or wetted pellets. The odors, although not regulated, can be important for marketability and public acceptance of the product. The reasons for the odors are usually a result of upstream processing and management of wastewater solids prior to drying. The goals of this study were to determine odor characteristics and to compare the odors produced by evaluating odors from four types of heat-dried biosolids products: all undigested; primary digested-waste activated sludge (WAS) undigested; all digested; and WAS lime stabilized pellets. The results are described in this paper.
Synthesis of novel heterocycles from 2‐amino‐3‐cyanomethyl‐sulfonyl‐4,5‐dimethylfuran (1997)

Abstract The synthesis and selected reactions of the versatile heterocycle 2‐amino‐3‐cyanomethylsulfonyl‐4,5‐dimethylfuran is reported. In particular, cyclization reaction of the aminofuran yielded a number of novel furo[3,2‐ b ]thiazine 1,1‐dioxides. Additionally, a novel tetracyclic system, namely a pyrrolo[2′,3′:5,6]‐[1,4]thiazino[3,2‐ b ]quinoline 4,4‐dioxide, is prepared via an intramolecular triple‐cyclization in which the furan ring is opened and reclosed as a pyrrole.
The Kinematic Alignment Technique for Total Knee Arthroplasty (2020)

Abstract The kinematic alignment technique (KA) for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a surgical technique recently developed that aims to anatomically position and kinematically align total knee components [1]. The kinematic implantation aims to resurface the knee joint by removing a cartilage and bone thickness equivalent to the implant thickness and where the knee implants are aligned on the knee kinematic axes that dictate motion of the patella and tibia around the distal femoral epiphysis [2–4]. Similar to unicompartmental knee replacement, kinematically aligning total knee components restores the constitutional knee joint line orientation and the physiological knee laxity without the need for soft-tissue release [5] (Fig. 16.1).
Reactions of derivatives of 1,2,3-triphenylcyclopropene with iron salts (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of derivatives of 1,2,3-triphenylcyclopropene with iron saltsAudrey S. Monahan, John D. Freilich, Jaan-Jiue Fong, and David KronenthalCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 2, 232–238Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00396a012https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00396a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views238Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Automated 3D segmentation of intraretinal layers from optic nerve head optical coherence tomography images (2010)

Optical coherence tomography (OCT), being a noninvasive imaging modality, has begun to find vast use in the diagnosis and management of ocular diseases such as glaucoma, where the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) has been known to thin. Furthermore, the recent availability of the considerably larger volumetric data with spectral-domain OCT has increased the need for new processing techniques. In this paper, we present an automated 3-D graph-theoretic approach for the segmentation of 7 surfaces (6 layers) of the retina from 3-D spectral-domain OCT images centered on the optic nerve head (ONH). The multiple surfaces are detected simultaneously through the computation of a minimum-cost closed set in a vertex-weighted graph constructed using edge/regional information, and subject to a priori determined varying surface interaction and smoothness constraints. The method also addresses the challenges posed by presence of the large blood vessels and the optic disc. The algorithm was compared to the average manual tracings of two observers on a total of 15 volumetric scans, and the border positioning error was found to be 7.25 ± 1.08 &mu;m and 8.94 ± 3.76 &mu;m for the normal and glaucomatous eyes, respectively. The RNFL thickness was also computed for 26 normal and 70 glaucomatous scans where the glaucomatous eyes showed a significant thinning (p &lt; 0.01, mean thickness 73.7 ± 32.7 &mu;m in normal eyes versus 60.4 ± 25.2 &mu;m in glaucomatous eyes).
Polarization Insensitive Bragg Gratings in Si3N4 Waveguides (2017)

The polarization insensitive behavior of Bragg reflectors is demonstrated using birefringence compensation in silicon nitride waveguides with symmetrical sidewall modulation. The designed phase-shifted grating exhibits a common wavelength selectivity for both fundamental transverse modes.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New Dibenzo Nitrogen‐Oxygen Donor Macrocycles Containing Two Amide Groups. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Temporal analysis of enhancers during mouse brain development reveals dynamic regulatory function and identifies novel regulators of cerebellar development (2021)

Abstract In this study, we identified active enhancers in the mouse cerebellum at embryonic and postnatal stages establishing the first catalog of enhancers active during embryonic cerebellum development. The majority of cerebellar enhancers have dynamic activity between embryonic and postnatal development. Cerebellar enhancers were enriched for neural transcription factor binding sites with temporally specific expression. Putative gene targets displayed spatially restricted expression patterns, indicating cell-type specific expression regulation. Functional analysis of target genes indicated that enhancers regulate processes spanning several developmental epochs such as specification, differentiation and maturation. We use these analyses to discover one novel regulator and one novel marker of cerebellar development: Bhlhe22 and Pax3, respectively. We identified an enrichment of de novo mutations and variants associated with autism spectrum disorder in cerebellar enhancers. Our study provides insight into the dynamics of gene expression regulation by enhancers in the developing brain and delivers a rich resource of novel gene-enhancer associations providing a basis for future in-depth studies in the cerebellum.
Cover Picture: Towards a Molecular Understanding of Cation–Anion Interactions—Probing the Electronic Structure of Imidazolium Ionic Liquids by NMR Spectroscopy, X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Theoretical Calculations (Chem. Eur. J. 30/2010) (2010)

The smaller and more clinging the partner, the more neutral the couple. Ionic liquids (ILs) are low-temperature molten salts; hence they consist solely of ions. As demonstrated by F. Maier, et al. (in their Full Paper on page 9018 ff.) in their complementary experimental and theoretical study, the excess charges on the ions are considerably reduced for small and basic anions by next-neighbour molecular-orbital overlap. Intramolecular hydrogen bonds influence bonding conformation, but have little effect on the amount of charge transferred. Nanocatalysis In the Review on page 8950 ff., W. J. Stark et al. highlight recent achievements in the field of particle-supported nanocatalysis, that is, by immobilization of catalysts on the surface of globular core–shell assemblies, and the immanent potential in this emerging area.1 Liquid-Crystalline Assemblies In their Communication on page 9006 ff., B.-K. Cho et al. describe the preparation of two discotic block codendrimers by a stepwise click reaction. Thermal and X-ray analyses revealed the generation of the hexagonal columnar and bicontinuous cubic LC phases as well as their phase-inverted homologues, as a function of hydrophilic volume fraction.1 Hydrogen Bonds CH⋅⋅⋅O hydrogen bonds were assessed by means of inelastic neutron scattering spectroscopy in the most simple chloroform⋅⋅⋅acetone system. Results revealed the resulting complex to behave as an independent entity. Such a conclusion arises from the existence of two spectral features clearly originating from both free and bonded CH moieties. For more information see the Full Paper by P. D. Vaz, P. J. A. Ribeiro-Claro et al. on page 9010 ff.1
Multichannel terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system at 1030 nm excitation wavelength (2014)

We present Terahertz (THz) imaging with a 1D multichannel time-domain spectroscopy (TDS) system which operates with a photoconductive array of 15 detection channels excited by a 1030 nm femtosecond fiber laser. The emitter and detector are photoconductive antennas based on InGaAs/InAlAs multi-layer heterostructures (MLHS). We characterized the THz optics and the resolution of the system. The performance is demonstrated by the multichannel imaging of two samples. A simultaneous measurement of 15 THz pulses with a pixel pitch of 1 mm increases the measurement speed of the TDS system by factor 15.
High Performance Infrared Photodetectors and Energy Harvesting Devices Based on Micro-Scaled Photonics Structures (2021)

For mid-wave infrared detectors, we designed a meta-surface to enhance quantum efficiency (QE) across 2 to 6 microns. The relative enhancement depends on the intrinsic absorption coefficient α of the material. If α is large at 2×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> /cm, a 0.1 micron-thick meta-detector can yield a peak QE of 90%, which is 2.6 times higher than the conventional detector. The improvement is larger with a smaller α. When it is 2000/cm, the improvement is about 10 times with a peak QE of 49%. For energy harvesting devices, we designed several nanostructures etched on top of silicon solar cells to enhance their absorption. Employing an array of nano-columns increases absorption from 55% to 97% at 0.7 microns and from 5.0% to 37% at 1.0 microns. An array of nano-cones further increases the average absorption to 95% between 0.4 to 0.8 microns. The overall integrated absorption is increased by 74% for nano-columns and 92% for nano-cones. For GaAs solar cells, a metasurface can improve photocurrent by 26% from a planar solar cell with a 100 nm-thick absorber.
Scalable Light Field Compression Scheme Using Sparse Reconstruction and Restoration (2017)

International audience
Multiple traces of monkeypox detected in non-sewered wastewater with sparse sampling from a densely populated metropolitan area in Asia (2022)

The monkeypox virus is excreted in the feces of infected individuals. Therefore, there is an interest in using viral load detection in wastewater for sentinel early surveillance at a community level and as a complementary approach to syndromic surveillance. We collected wastewater from 63 sewered and non-sewered locations in Bangkok city center between May and August 2022. Monkeypox viral DNA copy numbers were quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and confirmed positive by Sanger sequencing. Monkeypox viral DNA was first detected in wastewater from the second week of June 2022, with a mean copy number of 16.4 copies/ml (n = 3). From the first week of July, the number of viral DNA copies increased to a mean copy number of 45.92 copies/ml. Positive samples were Sanger sequenced and confirmed the presence of the monkeypox virus. Our study is the first to detect monkeypox viral DNA in wastewater from various locations within Thailand. Results suggest that this could be a complementary source for detecting viral DNA and predicting upcoming outbreaks.