gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cytomegalovirus infection of gastrointestinal endothelium demonstrated by simultaneous nucleic acid hybridization and immunohistochemistry. (1989)

To demonstrate the degree of involvement of endothelial cells in cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection of the gastrointestinal tract we have stained sections from gastrointestinal specimens that showed inclusion bodies on hematoxylin-eosin staining. Factor VIII was first detected using a rabbit anti-factor VIII primary antibody and an alkaline phosphatase-labeled sheep anti-rabbit secondary antibody. The CMV was then visualized with a biotin-labeled CMV probe detected by a streptavidin peroxidase technique with aminoethyl carbazole as the chromogen. Factor VIII staining was a bright blue and CMV a brick red. The specimens included one small-bowel resection and four colonic resections, as well as an esophageal biopsy. The patients' diagnoses included bone marrow transplant recipient, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, ulcerative colitis, and renal transplant recipient. Cells positive for both CMV and factor VIII ranged from 35% to 60% of positive cells in a representative section, and the relative percentages (mean +/- SE) for cell type for infected cells were: endothelial, 48.9 +/- 4.5; vascular luminal (factor VIII negative), 6.1 +/- 1.7; perivascular (factor VIII negative in vascular wall), 16.2 +/- 3.2; and other cell (non-vascular factor VIII negative), 28.9 +/- 5.1. These findings and clustering of infected cells around the vessels provide evidence that CMV infection of the gastrointestinal tract is primarily vasculitic and related to infection of endothelial cells.
Strongly consistent identification algorithms and noise insensitive MSE criteria (1992)

Windowed cumulant projections of nonGaussian linear processes yield autocorrelation estimators which are immune to additive Gaussian noise of unknown covariance. By establishing strong consistency of these estimators, strongly consistent and noise insensitive recursive algorithms are developed for parameter estimation. These computationally attractive schemes are shown to be optimal with respect to a modified mean-square-error (MSE) criterion which implicitly exploits the high signal-to-noise ratio domain of cumulant statistics. The novel MSE objective function is expressed in terms of the noisy process, but it is shown to be a scalar multiple of the standard MSE criterion as if the latter was computed in the absence of noise. Simulations illustrate the performance of the proposed algorithms and compare them with the conventional algorithms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Highly Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Styrenes Directed by 2′-Hydroxyl Groups (2011)

A new synthetic strategy that turns styrene-type olefins into excellent substrates for Rh-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation by installing a 2'-hydroxyl substituent is described. This methodology accommodates trisubstituted olefinic substrates in various E/Z mixtures, leading to valuable benzylic chiral compounds including (R)-tolterodine. It is also demonstrated that the 2'-hydroxyl groups could be readily removed in high yield without loss of ee from the products. Thus, this technology represents an attractive alternative to the Ir(P-N) catalyst system for the asymmetric hydrogenation of unfunctionalized olefins.
Far-Field Thermal Emission from Optical Antennas on an Epsilon-Near-Zero Substrate (2020)

Far-field thermal emission is measured for multimode optical antennas fabricated on an epsilon-near-zero substrate. The dependence of the far-field emission pattern on antenna length for the Berreman and first and second order modes is presented.
Wet Chemical Synthesis and a Combined X-ray and Mössbauer Study of the Formation of FeSb2 Nanoparticles (2011)

Understanding how solids form is a challenging task, and few strategies allow for elucidation of reaction pathways that are useful for designing the synthesis of solids. Here, we report a powerful solution-mediated approach for formation of nanocrystals of the thermoelectrically promising FeSb(2) that uses activated metal nanoparticles as precursors. The small particle size of the reactants ensures minimum diffusion paths, low activation barriers, and low reaction temperatures, thereby eliminating solid-solid diffusion as the rate-limiting step in conventional bulk-scale solid-state synthesis. A time- and temperature-dependent study of formation of nanoparticular FeSb(2) by X-ray powder diffraction and iron-57 Mössbauer spectroscopy showed the incipient formation of the binary phase in the temperature range of 200-250 °C.
ChemInform Abstract: SMOOTH OXIDATION OF PHOSPHORUS CLOSO‐TYPE COMPOUNDS. PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE CLOSO‐HEXA‐N‐METHYLOXYTHIOPHOSPHORIMIDES P4(NME)6SNO4‐N (N = 0‐3) AND AN IMPROVED SYNTHESIS FOR THE CLOSO‐HEXA‐N‐METHYLTHIOPHOSPHORIMIDES (1977)

Abstract Die closo‐Hexa‐N‐methylphosphorimide (Ia) und (Ib) reagieren mit stöchiometrischen Mengen Trimethylaminoxid bei Raumtemperatur zu den entsprechenden P‐ oxiden und P‐sulfidoxiden (IIa) und (IIb).
ChemInform Abstract: BRIDGED AMINOTETRALINS. 4. RESOLUTION OF POTENT ANALGESICS OF THE BRIDGED AMINOTETRALIN TYPE (1976)

Abstract Aus den verbrückten, basischen Tetralin‐Derivaten (I) bis (III) werden z.B. mit D‐ und L‐Weinsäure ihre Antipoden hergestellt und diese Q1 : analgetische Wirkung untersucht.
End-to-End System Architecture Implications (2016)

In this last chapter of the book, we discuss the system-level implications for processing sensor data and analyzing the processed data for insights and knowledge management. To get started, let’s start by looking at what a typical end-to-end system architecture might look like.
3D VSP acquisition and 3C processing on a deep subsalt prospect in the Gulf of Mexico (2008)

Good quality seismic images can be difficult to achieve in the deepwater, sub‐salt sediments of the Gulf of Mexico. 3D vertical seismic profiles (3D VSP), with the receivers placed below the salt, can be a useful technique in improving sub‐salt image quality. This paper describes how a 3D VSP was used to prove the existence of reservoir horizons, confirm reservoir dip and generally confirm seismic correlations. Success was achieved by way of several innovations in acquisition and processing. We deployed 40 downhole receivers, the largest array deployed in the Gulf of Mexico at the time of recording. Previously, a survey of this magnitude required several tool settings and several times the rig time. Noise in the data prompted development of station consistent deconvolution, a new casing ringing reduction technique. We also adapted surface seismic techniques for reducing random noise and source noise from a nearby surface seismic shoot. Common image point gathers (CIP) were introduced as a means of verifying the migration velocity model and as quality control tool for the final image stacking. The 3D VSP image volume produced an excellent tie to the existing surface seismic and well data, and confirmed presurvey interpretations and correlations.
Rydberg-valence interactions of CO, and spectroscopic evidence characterizing the C valence state (1988)

Rotationally cold absorption and two-photon ionization spectra of CO in the 90-100 nm region have been recorded at a resolution of 0.3-1.0cm 1 .The analyses of up to four isotopomers seek to clarify the observations in regions where the Rydberg levels built on the ground state X 2 of the ion interact with valence states of 1 and 1 symmetry.Previous observations of the 3s, B 1 Rydberg state, reviewed by Tchang-Brillet et al. J.Chem.Phys.96, 6735 1992, have been extended to energies above its avoided crossing with the repulsive part of the D 1 valence state where resonances of varying intensities and widths have been attributed to the fully coupled 3s or 4s and D potentials, and where the B state approaches a second avoided crossing with the C 1 valence state Cooper and Kirby, J. Chem.Phys.87, 424 1987; 90, 4895 1989; Chem.Phys.Lett.152, 393 1988.Fragments of a progression of weak and mostly diffuse bands, observed for all four isotopomers, have been assigned to the CX transition.The least-squares modeling of the 4p and 5p complexes reveals the 3p, E 1 Rydberg state to be one of the perturbers, violating the v0 selection rule for Rydberg-Rydberg interactions on account of its rapid transition with increasing v from Rydberg to valence state.A second 1 perturber, very loosely bound and clearly of valence type, contributes to the confusion in the published literature surrounding the 5p, v0 complex.
The Use of 3,5,4′-Tri-O-acetylresveratrol as a Potential Prodrug for Resveratrol Protects Mice from γ-Irradiation-Induced Death (2011)

Currently, no drugs are available to protect humans from γ-irradiation-induced death. Because reactive oxygen species are produced upon exposure to γ-irradiation and directly responsible for the resulting death, we hypothesized that antioxidants found in foodstuffs may provide a safe and potent means of antioxidant-dependent radioprotection. Here, we describe our studies investigating the radioprotective properties of resveratrol and 3,5,4'-tri-O-acetylresveratrol. Each of these natural antioxidants was found to protect live cells after γ-irradiation. In mice, the use of 3,5,4'-tri-O-acetylresveratrol with Cremophor EL was particularly effective, indicating that this natural antioxidant may be a leading candidate for radioprotective drug development.
Tisagenlecleucel immunogenicity in relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (2021)

Tisagenlecleucel is indicated for pediatric and young adult patients with relapsed/refractory (r/r) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and adult patients with r/r diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The tisagenlecleucel chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) contains a murine single-chain variable fragment domain; we examined the effects of humoral and cellular immune responses to tisagenlecleucel on clinical outcomes using 2 validated assays. Data were pooled from the ELIANA (registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02435849) and ENSIGN (#NCT02228096) trials in r/r B-ALL (N = 143) and the JULIET trial (#NCT02445248) in r/r DLBCL (N = 115). Humoral responses were determined by flow cytometric measurement of anti-murine CAR19 (mCAR19) antibodies in serum. Cellular responses were determined using T-cell production of interferon-γ in response to 2 different pools of mCAR19 peptides. Pretreatment anti-mCAR19 antibodies were detected in 81% of patients with r/r B-ALL and 94% of patients with r/r DLBCL. Posttreatment anti-mCAR19 antibodies were higher than patient-specific baseline in 42% of r/r B-ALL and 9% of r/r DLBCL patients. Pretreatment and posttreatment anti-mCAR19 antibodies did not affect tisagenlecleucel cellular kinetics, including maximum concentration and persistence (r2 < 0.05), clinical response (day-28 response, duration of response, and event-free survival), and safety. T-cell responses were consistent over time, with net responses <1% at baseline and posttreatment time points in a majority of patients and no effect on transgene expansion or persistence or outcomes. Presence of baseline and/or posttreatment anti-mCAR19 antibodies or T-cell responses did not alter the activity of tisagenlecleucel in patients with r/r B-ALL or r/r DLBCL.
What does the correlation dimension of the human heart rate measure? (2001)

It is shown that in the case of human heart rate, the scaling behaviour of the correlation sum (calculated by the Grassberger-Procaccia algorithm) is a result of the interplay of various factors: finite resolution of the apparatus (finite-size effects), a wide dynamic range of mean heart rate, the amplitude of short-time variability being a decreasing function of the mean heart rate. The value of the scaling exponent depends on all these factors and is a certain measure of short-time variability of the signal.
Heme oxygenase-1 induction and mitochondrial iron sequestration in astroglia exposed to amyloid peptides. (2000)

The mechanisms responsible for pathological iron deposition and mitochondrial insufficiency that have been documented in the brains of Alzheimer (AD) patients remain poorly understood. In the present study, we demonstrate that low-micromolar concentrations of amyloid1-40 (A40) and amyloid 1-42 (A42), peptides implicated in the pathogenesis of AD, increase levels of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) mRNA and protein in cultured rat astroglia. Furthermore, 6 days of exposure to amyloid augments the sequestration of 55FeCl3-derived iron by astroglial mitochondria without affecting the disposition of this metal in whole-cell and lysosomal compartments. Mitochondrial iron deposition was not observed in the amyloid-treated glia when diferric-transferrin served as the metal donor. We had previously shown that inhibitors of HO-1 and the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MTP) block the uptake of mitochondrial iron in astrocytes exposed to the pro-oxidant effects of dopamine and several pro-inflammatory cytokines. Similarly, in the current study, amyloid-induced mitochondrial iron trapping was significantly attenuated by co-administration of the HO-1 transcriptional suppressor, dexamethasone (DEX) or the MTP blocker, cyclosporin A (CSA). Thus, the marked enhancement of HO-1 expression previously demonstrated in AD-affected neurons and astroglia may transduce amyloid (oxidative) stress into the abnormal patterns of iron deposition and mitochondrial insufficiency characteristic of this disease. Finally, in experiments employing cytotoxic concentrations of A40, we provide evidence that inhibition of HO-1 transcription and related mitochondrial iron deposition may be an important mechanism by which DEX protects tissues subjected to amyloid stress.
3D non-uniform grid algorithm for the compression of non-symmetric MoM matrices (2010)

An algorithm for the compression of the method of moments (MoM) matrices is presented and demonstrated for representative examples. The algorithm employs the non-uniform grid approach to reduce by a significant factor the complexity of computing interacting and non-interacting subdomain modes to be used as basis and testing transformations. Compression ratios similar to those obtained by directly using the standard algebraic tools are achieved at a lower computational cost, thus allowing direct solution of fairly large problems.
α-Synuclein Membrane Association Is Regulated by the Rab3a Recycling Machinery and Presynaptic Activity* (2013)

α-Synuclein is an abundant presynaptic protein and a primary component of Lewy bodies in Parkinson disease. Although its pathogenic role remains unclear, in healthy nerve terminals α-synuclein undergoes a cycle of membrane binding and dissociation. An α-synuclein binding assay was used to screen for vesicle proteins involved in α-synuclein membrane interactions and showed that antibodies directed to the Ras-related GTPase Rab3a and its chaperone RabGDI abrogated α-synuclein membrane binding. Biochemical analyses, including density gradient sedimentation and co-immunoprecipitation, suggested that α-synuclein interacts with membrane-associated GTP-bound Rab3a but not to cytosolic GDP-Rab3a. Accumulation of membrane-bound α-synuclein was induced by the expression of a GTPase-deficient Rab3a mutant, by a dominant-negative GDP dissociation inhibitor mutant unable to recycle Rab3a off membranes, and by Hsp90 inhibitors, radicicol and geldanamycin, which are known to inhibit Rab3a dissociation from membranes. Thus, all treatments that inhibited Rab3a recycling also increased α-synuclein sequestration on intracellular membranes. Our results suggest that membrane-bound GTP-Rab3a stabilizes α-synuclein on synaptic vesicles and that the GDP dissociation inhibitor·Hsp90 complex that controls Rab3a membrane dissociation also regulates α-synuclein dissociation during synaptic activity.
Electroreduction of μ-Oxo Iron(III) Porphyrins Adsorbed on an Electrode Leading to a Cofacial Geometry for the Iron(II) Complex: Unexpected Active Site for the Catalytic Reduction of O2 to H2O (2000)

Abstract Acidification of a solution of (μ-oxo)bis[(5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrinato)iron(III)] ([{Fe(tpp)}2O], II) in CH2Cl2 produced equimolar amounts of a hydroxoiron(III) complex [(tpp)FeIII(OH)] (III) and an iron(III) complex [(tpp)FeIII(ClO4)] (IV). The complex IV was isolated as a perchlorate salt, which crystallyzed in the triclinic space group P1-(#2); a = 11.909(3), b = 19.603(4), c = 10.494(3) Å, α = 95.74(2)°, β = 107.91(2)°, γ = 89.14(2)°, V = 2319.1(9) Å3, Z = 2, Dcalc = 1.328 g cm-3, μ(Mo Kα) = 4.35 cm-1, final R = 0.055 and Rw = 0.050. The crystal structure of IV revealed that ClO4- is coordinated to the iron atom, which may be driven by the preference of iron(III) to be five coordinate rather than four coordinate. Reduction of the complex II in the presence of acid by electrolysis and/or by a reducing agent, such as sodium dithionite, under argon produced [FeII(tpp)]. The addition of O2 to a solution of [Fe(tpp)] in acidic CH2Cl2 in the presence of an equimolar amount of the reducing agent produced the complex III. When the complex II was adsorbed on an electrode surface and placed in aqueous acidic electrolyte solutions, electroreduction of the adsorbate proceeded according to the half-reaction: [{Fe(tpp)}2O]+2H++2e-→2[Fe(tpp)]+H2O, at 0.031—0.059 pH V (vs. SCE, pH&amp;gt;1.0). Based on these results, oxo-bridged iron(III) porphyrin dimers were used as electrocatalysts for the reduction of O2. The catalytic reduction of O2 proceeded at potentials in the vicinity of those for II. As a whole, the proportion of H2O as the product increased from 50% for adsorbed [(tpp)FeIIICl] to &amp;gt;90% for the adsorbed dimer. Thus, electroreduction of the dimer adsorbed on a carbon electrode immersed in aqueous acid produced two solid state, cofacially fixed iron(II) porphyrin molecules: [PFeIIIOfeIIIP]ad+2H++2e-→[PFeII FeIIP]ad+H2O (P = porphyrin dianion). Coordination of molecular oxygen to the adjacent two iron(II) centers under acidic conditions allowed formation of O2-bridged iron(III) porphyrin [PFeIII(O2)FeIIIP]ad at the electrode surface. Electroreduction of the adsorbate under acidic conditions produced H2O and allowed the reformation of [PFeII FeIIP]ad. The implication is that the electroreduction of the adsorbed oxo-bridged dimer gives a cofacial geometry for PFeII on the electrode, facilitating the coordination and subsequent splitting of O2.
Extraction of read text using a wearable eye tracker for automatic video annotation (2015)

This paper presents an automatic video annotation method which utilizes the user's reading behaviour. Using a wearable eye tracker, we identify the video frames where the user reads a text document and extract the sentences that have been read by him or her. The extracted sentences are used to annotate video segments which are taken from the user's egocentric perspective. An advantage of the proposed method is that we do not require training data, which is often used by a video annotation method. We examined the accuracy of the proposed annotation method with a pilot study where the experiment participants drew an illustration reading a tutorial. The method achieved 64.5% recall and 30.8% precision.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3‐Amino‐4‐fluoropyrazoles. (2011)

Abstract A new approach to biologically important title pyrazoles is reported.
Aerosol deposition in the lungs of spontaneously breathing rats using Gd‐DOTA‐based contrast agents and ultra‐short echo time MRI at 1.5 Tesla (2015)

The UTE protocol with nebulized Gd-DOTA is replicable to significantly enhance the lung parenchyma and to map aerosol deposition. This functional strategy, applied in a clinical system with a clinical nebulization setup and a low inhaled dose, suggests a feasible translation to human.
Plasma levels of hydroxy‐flutamide in patients with prostatic cancer receiving the combined hormonal therapy: An LHRH agonist and flutamide (1988)

The present study describes a method for the measurement of the plasma levels of hydroxy-flutamide (Flu-OH), the biologically active and main circulating metabolite of flutamide. We have observed that two to four hours after oral administration of 250 mg of flutamide to healthy young men, as well as to patients with prostate cancer, the plasma concentration of Flu-OH reaches a peak at approximately 1.7 microM. The plasma concentration of Flu-OH measured at months 6, 12, and 18 of treatment shows a minimal basal level of 3.4 microM with a maximal increase at 6.8 to 8.5 microM at 2 to 4 hours. Since the serum levels of testosterone in these patients are approximately 1 nM, the levels of the active antiandrogen are at a 5000- to 10000-fold excess. However, due to the low affinity of the antiandrogen for the androgen receptor, it is extremely important to maintain this concentration of the antiandrogen in plasma constant.
Spatial Resolution Limitation by Rayleigh Scattering-Induced Noise in Brillouin Optical Correlation-Domain Reflectometry (2010)

We theoretically and experimentally show that the modulation amplitude of the laser frequency determining the spatial resolution of Brillouin optical correlation-domain reflectometry can exceed a half of the Brillouin frequency shift, which was the conventional limitation due to the Rayleigh scattering-induced noise.
Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow during an Alteration in Glycemic State in a Large Non-human Primate (Papio hamadryas sp.) (2017)

Changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) during a hyperglycemic challenge were mapped, using perfusion-weighted MRI, in a group of non-human primates. Seven female baboons were fasted for 16 h prior to 1-h imaging experiment, performed under general anesthesia, that consisted of a 20-min baseline, followed by a bolus infusion of glucose (500 mg/kg). CBF maps were collected every 7 s and blood glucose and insulin levels were sampled at regular intervals. Blood glucose levels rose from 51.3 ± 10.9 to 203.9 ± 38.9 mg/dL and declined to 133.4 ± 22.0 mg/dL, at the end of the experiment. Regional CBF changes consisted of four clusters: cerebral cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus, and mesencephalon. Increases in the hypothalamic blood flow occurred concurrently with the regulatory response to systemic glucose change, whereas CBF declined for other clusters. The return to baseline of hypothalamic blood flow was observed while CBF was still increasing in other brain regions. The spatial pattern of extra-hypothalamic CBF changes was correlated with the patterns of several cerebral networks including the default mode network. These findings suggest that hypothalamic blood flow response to systemic glucose levels can potentially be explained by regulatory activity. The response of extra-hypothalamic clusters followed a different time course and its spatial pattern resembled that of the default-mode network.
Activity-Dependent Model of Axonal Targeting in the Developing Olfactory Bulb Driven by Population Coded Chemosensor Input (2003)

Two recent studies revealed that odorant-evoked activity-dependent competition is significant in the organisation and maintenance of the olfactory system. In this paper, we investigate the generation of a chemotopic sensory map in the olfactory bulb through three models driven by high-density optical chemosensor arrays which have similar properties to olfactory receptor neurons. By exposing the sensor arrays to various odours and Hebbian learning these models achieve self-organisation, potentially explaining the activity-dependent competition demonstrated by recent experimental studies. Our final model also predicts a role for periglomerular cells in the formation of the chemotopic sensory map.