gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel gene-intergenic fusion involving ubiquitin E3 ligase UBE3C causes distal hereditary motor neuropathy: A new mechanism for motor neuron degeneration (2022)

Abstract Distal hereditary motor neuropathies (dHMNs) are a group of inherited diseases involving the progressive, length-dependent axonal degeneration of the lower motor neurons. There are currently 29 reported causative genes and 4 disease loci implicated in dHMN. Despite the high genetic heterogeneity, mutations in the known genes account for less than 20% of dHMN cases with the mutations identified predominantly being point mutations or indels. We have expanded the spectrum of dHMN mutations with the identification of a 1.35 Mb complex structural variation (SV) causing a form of autosomal dominant dHMN (DHMN1 OMIM %182906). Given the complex nature of SV mutations and the importance of studying pathogenic mechanisms in a neuronal setting, we generated a patient-derived DHMN1 motor neuron model harbouring the 1.35 Mb complex insertion. The DHMN1 complex insertion creates a duplicated copy of the first 10 exons of the ubiquitin-protein E3 ligase gene ( UBE3C ) and forms a novel gene-intergenic fusion sense transcript by incorporating a terminal pseudo-exon from intergenic sequence within the DHMN1 locus. The UBE3C intergenic fusion ( UBE3C-IF ) transcript does not undergo nonsense-mediated decay and results in a significant reduction of wild type full length UBE3C (UBE3C-WT) protein levels in DHMN1 iPSC-derived motor neurons. An engineered transgenic C. elegans model expressing the UBE3C-IF transcript in GABA-ergic motor neurons shows neuronal synaptic transmission deficits. Furthermore, the transgenic animals are susceptible to heat stress which may implicate defective protein homeostasis underlying DHMN1 pathogenesis. Identification of the novel UBE3C-IF gene-intergenic fusion transcript in motor neurons highlights a potential new disease mechanism underlying axonal and motor neuron degeneration. These complementary models serve as a powerful paradigm for studying the DHMN1 complex SV and an invaluable tool for defining therapeutic targets for DHMN1.
Mitogenic effect of bestatin on lymphocytes. (1980)

The incorporation of 3H-thymidine into the acid insoluble fraction of spleen cells was increased intraperitoneal injection of 10 microgram bestatin/mouse. Bestatin (0.01, 0.1, 1.0 microgram/ml) which was added to mouse spleen cell culture increased 3H-thymidine incorporation into lymphocytes, but 10 microgram/ml did not. This mitogenic action of bestatin was not observed when adherent cells were removed or T cells were destroyed, suggesting that bestatin causes the proliferate T cells probably through the activation of macrophages. Bestatin given to mice did not modulate mitogenicity of lectins. Bestatin treatment of human peripheral buffy coat cells increased 3H-thymidine incorporation into lymphocytes. The addition of bestatin at a high concentration such as 100 microgram/ml to mouse spleen cell cultures exhibited a high mitogenic effect on B cells in preference to T cells but this effect was not seen with bestatin at 50 microgram/ml. In this case, the mitogenicity of Con A or LPS was expanded and antibody formation to SRBC in spleen cell cultures were also stimulated.
Deposition of PZT thin films by hybrid process comprising sol-gel method and laser ablation for microscanners (2005)

Lead zirconate titanate (Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3: PZT) thin films were prepared on Pt/Ti/SiO/sub 2//Si substrates by hybrid processing: sol-gel method and laser ablation. The preferred orientation of the PZT films obtained by the hybrid process can be controlled using the seed layer obtained by the sol-gel method. The remnant polarization and the coercive field of this film were 28.6 /spl mu/C/cm/sup 2/ and 58.0 kV/cm, while the dielectric constant and loss values measured at 1 kHz were approximately 1050 and 0.045, respectively. The devices of micro mirrors were successfully fabricated through the PZT film deposition, lithography cyclotron resonance (ECR), reactive ion etching (RIE) and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) releasing processes. The scanning angle was about 6/spl plusmn/2 degrees by resonating two beams with AC 5 Vp-p at the resonance frequency of 1975 Hz. The results indicated that the piezoelectric PZT films deposited by the hybrid process have sufficient actuation capability for MEMS application.
GaN HEMT high efficiency amplifier for Microwave Wireless Power Transmission (2015)

In this paper, GaN HEMT high efficiency amplifier for Microwave Wireless Power Transmission (MWPT) is presented. The effects of harmonic of 0.7μm and 0.25μm gate length GaN HEMTs were measured by harmonic load-pull measurement. In the measurement, it was revealed that the 0.25μm gate device included higher harmonics than 0.7μm gate device. It is because cuf-off frequency of 0.25μm gate device is higher than 0.7μm gate device. 0.25μm short gate length GaN HEMT which has 25GHz high cut-off frequency was used for amplifier. The matching circuit was designed so that 2nd and 3rd harmonics are tuned to obtain maximum power added efficiency (PAE). PAE of 75% was successfully obtained with 7W output power at 5.8GHz.
Supersonic nozzle beam source of atomic oxygen produced by electric discharge heating (1982)

An atmospheric pressure supersonic nozzle beam source of atomic oxygen is described. Dissociation of molecular oxygen is accomplished by injection into a flow of helium and/or argon which has been heated in a commercial plasma torch. Dissociation efficiencies approaching unity are achieved with beam velocities in the range of 1.5–4.0 km s−1. Production of rare gas metastable and electronically excited oxygen species are minimized by the source design.
Characterization and Exploration of Latch Checkers for Efficient RAS Protection (2023)

Reliability has been, and continues to be a key consideration in the design of the IBM Z mainframe processors, and this has resulted in industry-leading performance with little-to-no downtime. In this paper, we analyze the various hardware reliability mechanisms that make the processor resilient to transient errors, and the checker architecture that enables their detection and correction. We characterize the error checking logic in the processor based on a detailed analysis of the actual design. Based on hardware measurements on a real Z processor, we then determine the error checkers that are critical from a timing standpoint. We propose algorithms that optimize checker selection without affecting either the RAS coverage or the detection of timing errors. Finally, we examine further potential runtime optimizations of checkers based on the logic utilization in representative benchmarks.
Evaluation of transmitral pressure gradients at different heart rates: divergent action of isoprenaline and atropine (1990)

We conclude that a pressure gradient reversal in early diastole is always observed below a heart rate of 110 beats.min-1 and that isoprenaline and atropine affect the pattern of transmitral pressure gradients in a different way.
2.15 Pb/s transmission using a 22 core homogeneous single-mode multi-core fiber and wideband optical comb (2015)

We use a wideband optical comb source with 10THz bandwidth for 2.15 Pb/s transmission over 31km of a new, homogeneous 22-core single-mode multi-core fiber using 399 × 25GHz spaced, 6.468 Tb/s spatial-super-channels comprising 24.5GBaud PDM-64QAM modulation in each core.
Principles and applications of fiber-optic Fabry-Perot sensors (1998)

Summary form only given. A versatile technology based upon the fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer (FFPI) is proving its merit in industrial sensing applications. The FFPI consists of two internal mirrors separated by a length L of single-mode optical fiber. A sensor head is designed such that the measurand of interest (e.g., pressure, strain, acceleration, magnetic field, temperature) affects the optical length of the interferometer. A signal conditioning unit that performs multiplexing and signal processing functions is capable of monitoring many sensors with a single distributed feedback laser and digital signal processor. An alternative monitoring scheme using a white light interferometry with a low coherence light source has also been demonstrated. Applications include monitoring gas pressure in engines, liquid pressure in pumps, strain in civil structures, defects in bearings, and vibration in rotating machinery. In extensive field tests, the engine pressure sensor has shown an unprecedented combination of accuracy and durability at high temperatures. Other advantages over competing technologies include high sensitivity, immunity from electromagnetic interference, small size, the ability to locate sensors far from monitoring equipment, and the potential for least-cost implementation through multiplexing and networking.
Deep learning-enabled multiplexed point-of-care sensor using a paper-based fluorescence vertical flow assay (2023)

We demonstrate multiplexed computational sensing with a point-of-care serodiagnosis assay to simultaneously quantify three biomarkers of acute cardiac injury. This point-of-care sensor includes a paper-based fluorescence vertical flow assay (fxVFA) processed by a low-cost mobile reader, which quantifies the target biomarkers through trained neural networks, all within &lt;15 min of test time using 50 microliters of serum sample per patient. This fxVFA platform is validated using human serum samples to quantify three cardiac biomarkers, i.e., myoglobin, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and heart-type fatty acid binding protein (FABP), achieving less than 0.52 ng/mL limit-of-detection for all three biomarkers with minimal cross-reactivity. Biomarker concentration quantification using the fxVFA that is coupled to neural network-based inference is blindly tested using 46 individually activated cartridges, which showed a high correlation with the ground truth concentrations for all three biomarkers achieving &gt; 0.9 linearity and &lt; 15 % coefficient of variation. The competitive performance of this multiplexed computational fxVFA along with its inexpensive paper-based design and handheld footprint make it a promising point-of-care sensor platform that could expand access to diagnostics in resource-limited settings.
A population of eagles, horses, and moles: Perceptual sensitivity to watermark disparity coherence (2015)

Disparity coherent watermarking has been introduced as a means to address the unique characteristics of stereoscopic visual content. This strategy has been reported to notably improve robustness performances in prior works, especially with respect to virtual view synthesis. While disparity coherence has always been conjectured to also provide better improved fidelity, it had never been properly evaluated. This perceptual study investigates the perception of three alternate watermarking strategies for stereo visual content on a population of thirty three observers. The analysis of the results reveals that there are three categories of observers and one of these categories, which amounts to nearly one third of our observers, is extremely sensitive to watermark coherence even for low-power watermarks. Moreover, the sensitivity to watermark coherence is found to be content dependent.
Negative Sequence Current Control in Wind Power Plants With VSC-HVDC Connection (2012)

Large offshore wind power plants may have multi-MW wind turbine generators (WTG) equipped with full-scale converters (FSC) and voltage source converter (VSC) based high voltage direct-current (HVDC) transmission for grid connection. The power electronic converters in the WTG-FSC and the VSC-HVDC allow fast current control in the offshore grid. This paper presents a method of controlling the negative sequence current injection into the offshore grid from the VSC-HVDC as well as WTG-FSCs. This would minimize the power oscillations and hence reduce the dc voltage overshoots in the VSC-HVDC system as well as in the WTG-FSCs; especially when the offshore grid is unbalanced due to asymmetric faults. The formulation for negative sequence current injection is mathematically derived and then implemented in electromagnetic transients (EMT) simulation model. The simulated results show that the negative sequence current control mitigates the power oscillations and therefore limits the dc voltage excursions in the VSC-HVDC system during the asymmetric faults.
Towards ECU-Executable Control-Oriented Models of a Three-Way Catalytic Converter (2015)

The nonlinear dynamics of an automotive three-way catalyst (TWC) present a challenge to developing simple control-oriented models that are both useful for control and/or diagnostics and real-time executable within a vehicle engine-control unit (ECU). As such, we begin by developing a first-principles control-oriented TWC model and then proceed to apply simplifications. The TWC models are spatially discretized along the catalyst length to better understand and exploit the oxygen-storage dynamics. The TWC models also include the oxidation reaction of ceria by H2O, which is considered important since it represents the production of H2 within the catalyst. We present automated optimization routines to calibrate the TWC model along with a heated exhaust-gas oxygen (HEGO) sensor model using measured vehicle and emissions data. Finally, we demonstrate the combined models’ ability to accurately reproduce the measured HEGO voltage using engine feedgas constituent inputs, which is necessary for designing a robust model-based feedback controller.
Direct Correlation Between Adhesion Promotion and Coupling Reaction at Immiscible Polymer-Polymer Interfaces (2006)

Hugh Brown has shown that interfacial entanglements govern adhesion between two polymers. We demonstrate this for three systems by adding interfacial chains via chemical coupling. The adhesion between polypropylene (PP)/amorphous polyamide (aPA) was reinforced by the coupling reaction of maleic anhydride grafted PP (PP-g-MA) and the primary amine groups on aPA; huge increases in adhesion were observed. A good correlation between critical fracture toughness, G c , and PP-g-MA concentration squared follows Brown's crazing mechanism. For a polystyrene (PS)/aPA interface reinforced by the coupling reaction of poly(styrene-r-maleic anhydride) (PS-r-MA)/aPA only modest adhesion increases in G c were observed through the whole PS-r-MA concentration range. This different behavior of G c vs. functional polymer concentration is believed to be caused by segregation of the formed graft copolymers at the interface. The relationship between G c and the extent of coupling was studied quantitatively with a model PS/PMMA system. The interface was reinforced by the coupling reaction of 0–10% PS-NH2/PMMA-anh. G c was measured with the asymmetric dual cantilever beam test (ADCB) and the amount of copolymer formed at the interface was determined by a fluorescence labeling technique. G c is low and is linear in block copolymer interfacial coverage (Σ), indicating a chain scission mechanism. Reasonable agreement was achieved between experiment and theoretical prediction based on the energy to break C–C bonds.
A transcriptomic analysis of serial-cultured, tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells reveals decreased integrin α3 protein as a potential biomarker of senescent cells (2020)

Our data suggest that activation of ECM-receptor signaling, specifically involved with integrin family-mediated activation of the intracellular cell survival-signaling molecule AKT, can regulate stem cell senescence in TMSCs. Among these identified factors, ITGA3 was found to be a representative biomarker of the senescent TMSCs. Exclusion of the TMSCs with the senescent TMSC markers in this study could potentially increase the therapeutic efficacy of TMSCs in clinical applications.
Inorganic−Organic Hybrid Luminescent Binary Probe for DNA Detection Based on Spin-Forbidden Resonance Energy Transfer (2007)

We describe the design of new fluorescent binary probe sensors for DNA detection based on spin-forbidden resonance energy transfer (SF-RET). Binary probes consist of a donor and acceptor fluorophores that are attached to two different oligonucleotides and serve as a resonance energy transfer (RET) donor−acceptor pair when hybridized to adjacent sites of a target sequence. In the absence of target, excitation of the donor results in fluorescence only from the donor, but when the probes hybridize to the target, the fluorophores are brought into close proximity favoring RET, yielding fluorescence mainly from the acceptor fluorophore. These new binary probes use the metal complex Ru(bpy‘)(DIP)22+ as the energy donor and an organic fluorophore (Cy5) as the energy acceptor. Energy transfer from the MLCT state of the Ru complex to singlet Cy5 is spin forbidden and produces a delayed fluorescence of Cy5. This paper demonstrates that fluorescence delay of Cy5 can be used to time resolve the emission of the probe from the intense fluorescence background of a model system for cellular background; this provides the reported system to overcome intense autofluorescence, an important and general advantage over “classical” spin-allowed steady-state probes.
Epigenetic silencing of TMEM176A promotes esophageal squamous cell cancer development (2017)

The function of human transmembrane protein 176A (TMEM176A) in cancer remains unclear. To understand the function and mechanism of TMEM176A in human esophageal cancer development, 13 esophageal cancer cell lines and 267 cases of primary esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) samples were analyzed by methylation specific PCR (MSP), flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry and transfection assays. TMEM176A was highly expressed in BIC1 cells and loss of TMEM176A expression was found in TE1, TE3, TE13, KYSE140, KYSE180, KYSE410, KYSE450, KYSE520, Segl, KYSE150, YES2 and COLO680N cells. Complete methylation was detected in TE1, TE3, TE13, KYSE140, KYSE180, KYSE410, KYSE450, KYSE520, Segl, KYSE150, YES2 and COLO680N cells, while unmethylation was detected in BIC1 cells. Restoration of TMEM176A expression was induced by 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine treatment in methylated cell lines. TMEM176A was methylated in 66.7% (178/267) of primary esophageal cancer samples, and promoter region methylation was significantly associated with tumor differentiation (<i>p</i><0.001) and loss off/reduced expression of TMEM176A (<i>p</i><0.05). Methylation of TMEM176A was significantly associated with poor 5-year overall survival (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Cox proportional hazards model analysis suggest that TMEM176A methylation is an independent prognostic factor for poor 5-years OS. TMEM176A inhibited cell invasion and migration, and induced apoptosis in esophageal cancer cells. TMEM176A suppressed esophageal cancer cell growth both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. In conclusion, TMEM176A is frequently methylated in human ESCC and the expression of TMEM176A is regulated by promoter region methylation. TMEM176A methylation may serve as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in ESCC. TMEM176A is a potential tumor suppressor in human ESCC.
From Vessel Sprouting to Normalization (2010)

The accepted model of vessel branching distinguishes several endothelial cell fates. At the forefront of a vessel sprout, "tip cells" guide the sprouting vessel toward an angiogenic stimulus. Behind the tip, "stalk cells" proliferate to elongate the vessel branch and create a lumen. In mature vessels, endothelial cells acquire a streamlined shape to optimally conduct blood flow. For this purpose, endothelial cells switch to the "phalanx" cell fate, which is characterized by quiescent and nonproliferating cells aligned in a tight cobblestonelike layer. Vessel maturation also requires the recruitment of mural cells (ie, smooth muscle cells and pericytes). These cell fates are often altered in pathological conditions, most prominently during the formation of tumor vasculature. Given the essential role of hypoxia as the driving force for initiating angiogenesis, it is not surprising that the hypoxia-sensing machinery controls key steps in physiological and pathological angiogenesis.
The geometry of a probabilistic consensus of opinion algorithm (2011)

We consider the problem of a group of agents whose objective is to asymptotically reach agreement of opinion. The agents exchange information subject to a communication topology modeled by a time varying graph. The agents use a probabilistic algorithm under which at each time instant an agent updates its state by probabilistically choosing from its current state/opinion and the ones of its neighbors. We show that under some minimal assumptions on the communication topology (infinitely often connectivity and bounded intercommunication time between agents), the agents reach agreement with probability one. We show that this algorithm has the same geometric properties as the linear consensus algorithm in R". More specifically, we show that the probabilistic update scheme of an agent is equivalent to choosing a point from the (generalized) convex hull of its current state and the states of its neighbors; convex hull defined on a particular convex metric space where the states of the agents live and for which a detailed description is given.
Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells with Entire Low-Temperature Processes via Brookite TiO2 Nanoparticle Electron Transport Layer (2019)

Electron transport layer (ETL) is well known as a crucial factor that affects power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Low temperature process on ETL has been highly considered for the future of low cost and roll to roll process in mass production of PSCs industrialization. Herein, we demonstrate the low-temperature (<;180 °C) processes of pure phase, single crystalline brookite TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> nanoparticle (BK TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> NPs) layer as an ETL of PSCs, followed by different concentrations of TiCl <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> treatment (20mM, 40mM, 60mM and 80mM). By using BK TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> NPs with the low temperature process (<;180 °C), our device exhibited the highest power conversion efficiency of 15.49% in planar-type PSCs, indicating that the BK TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> NPs layer is a new candidate of ETL that can be fabricated in low temperature processes. The optimized TiCl <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> concentration is 40mM for the surface treatment of BK TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> NPs, which results in the enhancement of PCE, reproducibility and the supression of hysteresis. Probably, the 40mM of TiCl <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> treatment improves the interface between the perovskite and BK TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> NPs layers and promotes the efficient charge extraction. Thus, the present work is expected to provide an important technology to realize the low-cost planar PSCs produced in entire low-temperature processes.