gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
959 PREVENTION OF NEOINTIMAL FORMATION AFTER ANGIOPLASTY USING NF-KAPPAB DECOY OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDE-COATED BALLOON CATHETER IN RABBIT MODEL (2012)

Background: Despite the potent inhibitory effect of drug-eluting stents on restenosis after endovascular intervention, there is still a major concern regarding their association with incomplete vascular healing. To regulate the multiple biological mechanisms underlying restenosis, we focused on inhibition of an important transcription factor, nuclear factor-kappaB (NFκB), using a decoy strategy. Methods: For site-specific application of NFκB decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) into target vessels during angioplasty, we developed a balloon catheter-based delivery system combined with biocompatible nanoparticles as ODN carriers. In this study, we evaluated the effects of local application of NFκB decoy ODN-loaded PLGA nanospheres (NFκB-NS) on neointimal formation after angioplasty in a rabbit model. Results: To clarify the therapeutic effect at the site of neointima, balloon angioplasty of the carotid arteries was performed at four weeks after initial endothelial denudation. This delivery system exhibited successful transfer of fluorescence-labeled nanoparticles into the neointima of the carotid artery after angioplasty. Consistently, local application of NFκB-NS resulted in significant inhibition of neointimal formation, associated with inhibition of NFκB binding activity in the injured arteries. The therapeutic effects were due to inhibition of macrophage recruitment and VSMC growth. Importantly, local application of NFκB-NS significantly accelerated restoration of the endothelial cell monolayer, associated with enhanced expression of Bcl-2 in endothelial cells. Conclusions: Here, a drug-coated balloon catheter using NFκB decoy ODN significantly inhibited the development of neointimal hyperplasia in rabbit models. The present study indicates the possibility of a novel therapeutic option to prevent restenosis after angioplasty.
An Artificial Neural Network Approach to Payload Estimation in Four Wheel Drive Loaders (2007)

Estimation of the manipulated payload mass in off-highway machines is made non-trivial by the nonlinearities associated with the hydraulic systems used to actuate the linkage of the machine in addition to the nonlinearity of the kinematics of the linkage itself. Hydraulic cylinder friction, hydraulic conduit compressibility, linkage machining variation and linkage joint friction all make this a complex task under even ideal (machine static) conditions. This problem is made even more difficult when the linkage is mobile as is often the case with off-highway equipment such as four-wheel-drive loaders, cranes, and excavators. The rigid body motion of this type of equipment affects the gravitational loads seen in the linkage and impacts the payload estimate. The commercially available state-of-the-art load estimation solutions rely on the mobile machine becoming pseudo-static in order to maintain accuracy. This requirement increases the time required to move the material and decreases the productivity of the machine. An artificial neural network solution to this problem that enables the machine to remain dynamic and still accurately estimate the payload is discussed in this paper. Development and implementation on an actual four-wheel-drive loader is shown.
Graphene-Inorganic Hybrids (II) (2017)

A number of synthetic methods have been developed to synthesize graphene-templated Palladium nanostructures, such as the laser reduction method, plasma-assisted reduction and sacrificial Cu template-mediated method. Few-layer graphene nanosheets were derived from the dispersion and exfoliation of graphite powder in N-methyl-pyrrolidone by using moderate ultrasonic treatment. Hybrids based on graphene or graphene oxide and other nanocarbons, such as carbon nanotubes (CNT) and carbon nanofibers, have become a new group of carbon-based materials. Hybrids with different ratios of acid- multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and graphene were prepared to optimize the dispersion behaviors of the hybrids. A similar method was used to prepare a paper-like hybrid from few-layer graphene and MWCNTs. The heterostructure consisted of a graphene layer on top of the CNT arrays on substrates, which could be transferred to various polymer substrates and demonstrated observable sensitivity in terms of electrical conductivity in both tension and compression conditions.
Influence of Postmenopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy on Platelet Serotonin Uptake Site and Serotonin2A Receptor Binding (2001)

In Brief OBJECTIVE To examine whether binding of [3H]paroxetine to the platelet serotonin transporter or binding of [3H]lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) to the platelet 5-HT2A receptor are influenced by postmenopausal estrogen/progestogen treatment. METHODS Twenty-three postmenopausal women with climacteric symptoms completed this double-blind, randomized, crossover study. The women received 2 mg of estradiol continuously during four 28-day cycles. In the last 14 days of each cycle, 10 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate, 1 mg of norethindrone acetate, or placebo was given. Before treatment, as well as once during the last week of each treatment, blood samples were collected for analysis of [3H]LSD and [3H]paroxetine binding. The power of the study setup was 81%. The study had an effect size of 0.36, corresponding to the ability to detect a 15% difference in [3H]paroxetine and [3H]LSD binding between treatments with α=.05 and β=.20, based on a previously reported standard deviation within cells of 20% of the mean binding values. RESULTS The number of platelet receptors (Bmax), or the affinity of the radioligand to the receptor (Kd), for [3H]paroxetine binding did not change during estrogen or estrogen-progestogen treatment, nor did Bmax or Kd for [3H]LSD binding change during the different treatments. However, in a subgroup of depressed patients, the decrease in Bmax for [3H]LSD binding during treatment was significantly more pronounced than in the nondepressed subgroup (P < .05). CONCLUSION Estrogen treatment with or without the addition of progestogen does not affect binding to the serotonin transporter or to the serotonergic 5-HT2A receptor in healthy postmenopausal women. Estrogen treatment with or without the addition of progestogen does not affect binding to the serotonin transporter or to the serotonin2A receptor on platelets from healthy postmenopausal women.
Pore Collapse and Regrowth in Lithiated Si Anodes Determined By in-Operando Neutron Reflectometry (2015)

Structure and composition changes of an 11 nm thick amorphous silicon (a-Si) thin film anode, capped with a 4 nm thick alumina film are measured, in operando, by neutron reflectometry (NR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in a lithium half-cell. NR data are analyzed to quantify the a-Si thickness and composition at various states of charge over six cycles. The a-Si anode expands and contracts upon lithiation and delithiation, respectively, while maintaining its integrity and low interfacial roughness (£1.6 nm) throughout the cycling. The apparently non-linear expansion of the a-Si layer volume versus lithium content agrees with findings from previous thin-film a-Si anode studies. However, a proposed pore collapse and regrowth (PCRG) mechanism explains apparently minimal volume expansion of the film as a whole for low Li content in terms of linear expansion of the solid domains within the initially porous amorphous Si. In the PCRG model, the porosity is first consumed by the expansion of solid domains upon lithiation, after which the film as a whole expands linearly with Li content with a proportionality factor found to be 8.48 cm 3 /mol-Li, which is similar to that of crystalline Si. Porosity is reversibly reestablished at 5-28% upon delithiation. Data also show that the alumina protective layer on the a-Si film functions as an effective artificial solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), which maintains its structural integrity, low interfacial roughness, and a relatively small transport resistance. No additional spontaneously-formed SEI is observed in this study.
Predictive value of extra-prostatic disease detection by pre-operative PSMA-PET for biochemical recurrence-free survival in patients treated with radical prostatectomy: Follow-up analysis of a multicenter prospective phase 3 imaging trial. (2022)

5088 Background: To assess the predictive value of pre-operative PSMA-PET staging for biochemical recurrence (BCR) free-survival (BCR-FS) in patients treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) and pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) with intermediate-risk (IR) to high-risk (HR) prostate cancer (PCa) included in the prospective trial used for the FDA approval of 68Ga-PSMA-11. Methods: This is a post-hoc follow-up study of the efficacy analysis cohort included in the multicenter prospective phase 3 imaging trial (n = 764; NCT03368547, NCT02611882, NCT02919111) which assessed the diagnostic accuracy of 68 Ga-PSMA-11 PET for pelvic nodal metastasis detection prior to RP and PLND in patients with IR and HR PCa. Each PSMA-PET scan was read by three blinded independent readers. Readers assessed the presence of PCa (positive vs negative) by region: prostate bed (T), pelvic lymph nodes (N), extra-pelvic lymph nodes (M1a) bone (M1b) and visceral (M1c). A centralized per-region majority rule was used in case of disagreement. The surgical pathology report was used to assess the presence of pelvic lymph node metastasis by histopathology (pN0 vs pN1). The patients were followed up for biochemical progression after RP by the local investigators using electronic medical records. BCR was defined by a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level &gt; 0.2 ng/ml after RP or an initiation of PCa specific adjuvant/salvage therapy. Pairwise comparisons using Log-Rank test was performed to evaluate BCR-FS between the pre-operative PSMA scan reads (N0M0 vs. N+ and/or M+) and the histopathology status (pN0 vs. pN1). Results: From December 2015 to December 2019, a total of 764 patients were enrolled in the trial. 277/764 (36%) underwent RP after PSMA-PET. Clinical follow-up was obtained in 240/277 (87%) patients. The median age was 67 years (interquartile range, 61-71 years). The median follow-up time from RP was 21.4 months (IQR: 8.80 - 31.53). One hundred BCR events (41%) were observed, and 98/240 patients underwent salvage therapy or other treatment (40.6%). The BCR-FS was 24.3 (IQR: 7.8 - 48.8) in the whole cohort. 160/240 (66%), 28/240 (11.6%), 39/240 (16%), 13/240 (5.4%) patients were pN0/PSMA- (N0 and M0), pN+/PSMA+ (N+ and/or M+), pN+/PSMA-, and pN0/PSMA+, respectively. BCR-FS was higher in PSMA- than in PSMA+ patients (33 vs 7.3 months; p &lt; 0.0001). BCR-FS was higher in pN0/PSMA- than in patients pN+/PSMA-, pN0/PSMA+ and pN+/PSMA+: 46 months vs 12.3, 11.7, and 3, respectively (p &lt; 0.001). BCR-FS did not significantly differ between pN0/PSMA+ and pN+/PSMA- (11.7 vs 12.3; p = 0.64). Conclusions: PSMA PET staging information is predictive of BCR-FS after RP. Patients with extra-prostatic disease detected by pre-operative PSMA-PET scan have a high risk of biochemical relapse. Clinical trial information: NCT03368547.
An advanced NDA workstation for integrated safeguards (1986)

In this paper the authors describe the design and development of an advanced NDA workstation, which fits into an integrated data evaluation scheme for safeguards. This kind of instrument must be sort of an intelligent assistant to the inspection procedure, be able to generate as correct as possible measurements, guide the inspector throughout the procedure, and report descriptive data to the data evaluation system. The problem of improving the quality of the measurement is tackled using a simple expert system, which should convey in the instrument some of the physicist knowledge. The authors describe the hardware and software resources which were included in their design to reach the intended goal. A prototype of the machine has been built, and a preliminary software for Plutonium Isotopic Composition is under development.
Three-Dimensional Photonic Crystals in GaAs Through Selective Growth, Etching and Oxidation (2005)

We present an efficient method for the fabrication of three-dimensional photonic crystals in GaAs-based materials. The method exploits the dependence of the oxidation rate of AlGaAs on the aluminum content in the alloy. As a result, a wide range of oxidation profiles is possible. The oxidation profiles are determined by the Al concentration profiles in a GaAs/AlGaAs stack grown by molecular beam epitaxy, and the resulting three-dimensional structure depends on the initial two-dimensional pattern defined by standard lithography. We detail the process and present preliminary results showing the viability of the method to realize three-dimensional photonic crystals of various geometries.
Differentially Flat Designs of Underactuated Open-Chain Planar Robots (2008)

A fully actuated system can execute any joint trajectory. However, if the system is underactuated, not all joint trajectories are attainable. For such systems, it is difficult to characterize attainable joint trajectories analytically. Numerical methods are generally used to characterize these. This paper investigates the property of <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">differential</i> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">flatness</i> for underactuated planar open-chain robots and studies dependence on inertia distribution within the system. It is shown that certain choices of inertia distributions make an underactuated open-chain planar robot with revolute joints feedback linearizable, i.e., also differentially flat. Once this property is established, trajectory between any two points in the state space can be planned, and a controller can be developed to correct for errors. To demonstrate the proposed methodology in hardware, experiments with an underactuated 3-DOF planar robot are also presented.
Nm23/nucleoside diphosphate kinase: Toward a structural and biochemical understanding of its biological functions (1995)

The nm23 gene, a putative metastasis suppressor gene, was originally identified by its reduced expression in highly metastatic K-1735 murine melanoma cell lines, as compared to related, low metastatic melanoma cell lines. Transfection of nm23 cDNA has been reported to suppress malignant progression in Drosophila and mammalian cells. Highly conserved homologues of nm23 have been found in organisms ranging from the prokaryote Myxococcus xanthus to Drosophila, where the gene is involved in normal development and differentiation. The product of the nm23 gene exhibits a nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity, yet the nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity of Nm23 does not correlate with its apparent biological functions. We review recent cellular, genetic, biochemical and X-ray crystallographic data to formulate and evaluate hypotheses concerning the molecular mechanism of nm23 action.
Pore Shrinkage and Sintering Stress (1984)

The criterion for the stability of a large pore in a fine pore matrix is reconsidered, taking into account the pressure exerted by the densifying matrix. The result indicates that progressively larger pores can shrink, even if grain growth is minimal or absent.
Direct access to poly(glycidyl azide) and its copolymers through anionic (co-)polymerization of glycidyl azide (2019)

Glycidyl azide polymer or poly(glycidyl azide) which is considered as an excellent energetic binder or plasticizer in advanced solid propellants is generally obtained by post-modification or azidation of poly(epichlorohydrin). Here we report that glycidyl azide can be directly homopolymerized through anionic ring-opening polymerization to access poly(glycidyl azide) using onium salts as initiator and triethyl borane as activator. Molar masses of poly(glycidyl azide) up to 11.0 Kg/mol are achieved in a controlled manner with a narrow polydispersity index (PDI ≤ 1.2). Similarly, alternating poly(glycidyl azide carbonate) are also prepared through alternating copolymerization of glycidyl azide with carbon dioxide. Lastly, the copolymerization of glycidyl azide with other epoxide monomers is carried out; the azido functions carried by glycidyl azide which are successfully incorporated into the backbones of polyethers and polycarbonates based on cyclohexene oxide and propylene oxide subsequently served to introduce other functions by click chemistry.
A Mathematical Model for the Influence of Deep‐Level Electronic States on Photoelectrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy: I . Theoretical Development (1992)

A mathematical model is developed to calculate the impedance response of a semiconductor electrode to a sinusoidal current perturbation under subbandgap monochromatic illumination. The model accounts explicitly for electron and hole transport as well as generation and recombination through band‐to‐band mechanisms and through bulk deep‐level electron acceptors of specified energy. The model results are compared to experiment and illustrate how the impedance response obtained under monochromatic subbandgap illumination can be used to identify the energy, density, distribution, and recombination rate constants associated with deep‐level electronic states. This may have application to in situ characterization of semiconductor‐electrolyte interfaces and to characterization of solid‐state materials and devices.
Introduction to Machine Learning: Class Notes 67577 (2009)

Introduction to Machine learning covering Statistical Inference (Bayes, EM, ML/MaxEnt duality), algebraic and spectral methods (PCA, LDA, CCA, Clustering), and PAC learning (the Formal model, VC dimension, Double Sampling theorem).
The role of the brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) val66met variant in the phenotypic expression of obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD) (2009)

Evidence suggests that the Val66Met variant of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene may play a role in the etiology of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). In this study, the role of the BDNF Val66Met variant in the etiology and the phenotypic expression of OCD is investigated. Associations between the BDNF Val66Met variant and OCD, obsessive-compulsive symptom dimensions, Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) severity scores, age of onset and family history of obsessive-compulsive symptoms were assessed. The BDNF Val66Met variant was genotyped in 419 patients with sub-/clinical OCD and 650 controls. No differences in allele or genotype frequency were observed between cases and controls. In females with OCD, the Met66Met genotype was associated with later age of onset and a trend for a negative family history, whereas the Val66Val genotype was associated with a trend for lower YBOCS severity scores. Item-level factor analysis revealed six factors: 1) Contamination/cleaning; 2) Aggressive obsessions/checking; 3) Symmetry obsessions, counting, ordering and repeating; 4) Sexual/religious obsessions; 5) Hoarding and 6) Somatic obsessions/checking. A trend was found for a positive association between Factor 4 (Sexual/religious obsessions) and the BDNF Val66Val genotype. The results suggest that BDNF function may be implicated in the mediation of OCD. We found that for the BDNF Met66Met genotype may be associated with a milder phenotype in females and a possible role for the BDNF Val66Val genotype and the BDNF Val66 allele in the sexual/religious obsessions.
Near infrared spectroscopic tomography for cerebral monitoring of stroke and intracranial hemorrhage (2012)

Gevorgyan, Tigran MD; Graber, Harry L. PhD; Pfeil, Douglas S. BS; Mangla, Sundeep MD; Barone, Frank C. PhD; Libien, Jenny MD, PhD; Charchaflieh, Jean MD, DrPH, FCCM, FCCP; Kral, John G. MD, PhD, FACS; Barbour, Randall L. PhD; Lee, Daniel C. MD Author Information
ChemInform Abstract: A Method for the Stereoselective Construction of 4‐Alkoxy‐5‐ alkylidenecyclopentenones by the Tandem Ring Expansion‐ Functionalization of 1‐Alkynylcyclobutenols Using a Palladium‐Mercury Cocatalytic System. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Molecular weight, tertiary structure, water binding and colon behaviour of ispaghula husk fibre (2003)

Molecular variables, using aqueous and alkaline extracts, of the polysaccharide from ispaghula husk (IH) were examined using gel-permeation chromatography linked to multi-angle laser light scattering. Progressive extraction can yield a component with a molecular weight (MW)value up to about 7 x 106 Da, and gels, which accompany the extraction, have MW ranging from 10-20 x 106 Da. To mimic the polysaccharide degradation, particularly in the colon, the solid IH was degraded progressively using ionising radiation. A chain break occurs every 7.5 kGy in NaOH and every 15 kGy in water. The solid-state matrix is opened by the radiation to yield increased visco-elasticity of the aqueous extracts at critical radiation doses, before further degradation occurs after about 12 kGy. Differential scanning calorimetry is used to study the mechanism of interaction of water with IH. The first water to be taken up is non-freezing water and represents about twelve water molecules/disaccharide unit of the polysaccharide. As the water content is increased, the water becomes bound to the polysaccharide and freezes and melts at a temperature different from free water. This water is thermodynamically distinguishable from free water. It forms amorphous ice on cooling which crystallises exothermically and subsequently melts endothermically. Saturation occurs at a water content of 2-3 g water/g polymer, showing that about 60% of the water in the system is 'bound'. The most surprising conclusion is that despite the fact that the IH swells in water to form a solid and stiff gel, the greater part of that water in the gel is still free and behaves like liquid water.
Combined targeted and immunotherapy: the future of personalized medicine (2012)

In this issue of Blood, Yang et al have demonstrated that the therapeutic activity of a targeted therapy, the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) dasatinib, unexpectedly depends on antitumor T-cell responses that are strongly potentiated by immunostimulation (agonist anti-OX40).
Supplementary Figure 8 from Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4 Regulates Tumor Invasion by Coupling Fibroblast Growth Factor Signaling to Extracellular Matrix Degradation (2023)

Supplementary Figure 8 from Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4 Regulates Tumor Invasion by Coupling Fibroblast Growth Factor Signaling to Extracellular Matrix Degradation