gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low-Dose Brain Radiation: Lowering hyperphosphorylated-Tau without Increasing DNA Damage or Oncogenic Activation (2023)

Abstract Brain radiation has been medically used to alter the metabolism of cancerous cells and induce their elimination. Rarely, though, brain radiation has been used to interfere with the pathomechanisms of non-cancerous brain disorders, especially neurodegenerative disorders. Data from low-dose radiation (LDR) on swine brains demonstrated reduced levels of phosphorylated-tau (CP13) and amyloid precursor protein (APP) in radiated (RAD) vs. sham (SH) animals. Phosphorylated-tau and APP are involved in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. We determined if the expression levels of hyperphosphorylated-tau, 3R-tau, 4R-tau, synaptic, intraneuronal damage, and DNA damage/oncogenic activation markers were altered in RAD vs. SH swine brains. Quantitative analyses demonstrated reduced levels of AT8 and 3R-tau in hippocampus (H) and striatum (Str), increased levels of synaptophysin and PSD-95 in frontal cortex (FCtx), and reduced levels of NF-L in cerebellum (CRB) of RAD vs. SH swine. DNA damage and oncogene activation marker levels did not differ between RAD and SH animals, except for histone-H3 (increased in FCtx and CRB, decreased in Str), and p53 (reduced in FCtx, Str, H and CRB). These findings confirm the region-based effects of sLDR on proteins normally expressed in larger mammalian brains and support the potential applicability of LDR to beneficially interfere against neurodegenerative mechanisms.
Demo hour (2013)

Demo Hour highlights new prototypes and projects that exemplify innovation and novel forms of interaction. Audrey Desjardins, Editor During the 2013 TEI conference attendees showcased and experienced more than 50 demos. The projects featured novel interactions and tangible experiences in the form of installations, objects, and art pieces. We selected interactive works that explore new types of relations with objects and materials---for example, using water, textiles, and cutters---and pieces that promote discovering novel interactions and reflecting on the technologies that support them. ---Anna Carreras, Chema Blanco, and Marti Sánchez Fibla , TEI Demo, Poster, and Video Chairs
Influence of a liquid crystalline block on the microdomain structure of block copolymers (1997)

Abstract We report on the phase behavior and microdomain structure of two types of diblock copolymers containing a liquid crystal (LC) block joined to a flexible coil block. Consideration of the symmetry groups of the liquid crystalline phases and of the block copolymer microdomain structures provides a rationale for predicting the possible types of liquid crystalline block copolymer morphologies. Both previously reported and newly discovered structural types are identified. Possible organizational schemes are developed for the mesogens and periodic disclination defects with respect to the intermaterial dividing surfaces separating the liquid crystalline and flexible coil domains. The first type of copolymer investigated has a rod‐like LC block whereas the second type copolymer has a side chain LC block. Five different rod‐coil diblocks based on poly(hexyl isocyanate‐b‐styrene) P(HIC‐b‐S) were synthesized by anionic polymerization. Wavy lamellae, zig‐zag and arrowhead microdomain morphologies corresponding to smectic‐C and smectic‐O structures were observed depending on the composition. These layered phases have the director (PHIC chain axis) tilted at various orientations with respect to the layer normal. Side‐chain LC diblocks based on functionalized poly(isoprene‐b‐styrene) P(I‐b‐S) were also investigated. These polymers were synthesized using polymer analogous chemistry from P(I‐b‐S) precursors. Three different mesogenic groups were attached to the PI blocks: one based on biphenyl benzoate and two based on azobenzene. The microdomain structures found for the functionalized poly(isoprene side‐chain LC‐b‐styrene) P(ILC‐b‐S) diblocks are typical of traditional coil‐coil diblocks (lamellae and cylinders). However, these morphologies possess an additional smectic layering of the mesogens within the microdomains of the LC block. In the case of the rod‐coil diblocks, the transformation from an initially isotropic state to the final microphase separated solid state occurs via nematic and then smectic liquid crystalline states, whereas for the side‐chain LC‐coil cases, the microphase separation transition occurs prior to development of orientational order. The long‐range microdomain order of LC block‐coil block copolymers can extend over very large distances due to the influence of the orientational ordering of the LC block.
The Cost of Patients with Chronic Kidney Failure Before Dialysis: Results from the IRIDE Observational Study (2017)

Despite its limitations, this study provides further evidence on the opportunity to invest in the first phases of CKD to avoid progression and an increase in healthcare costs.
Epitope-based vaccine design yields fusion peptide-directed antibodies that neutralize diverse strains of HIV-1 (2018)

A central goal of HIV-1-vaccine research is the elicitation of antibodies capable of neutralizing diverse primary isolates of HIV-1. Here we show that focusing the immune response to exposed N-terminal residues of the fusion peptide, a critical component of the viral entry machinery and the epitope of antibodies elicited by HIV-1 infection, through immunization with fusion peptide-coupled carriers and prefusion-stabilized envelope trimers, induces cross-clade neutralizing responses. In mice, these immunogens elicited monoclonal antibodies capable of neutralizing up to 31% of a cross-clade panel of 208 HIV-1 strains. Crystal and cryo-electron microscopy structures of these antibodies revealed fusion peptide-conformational diversity as a molecular explanation for the cross-clade neutralization. Immunization of guinea pigs and rhesus macaques induced similarly broad fusion peptide-directed neutralizing responses suggesting translatability. The N terminus of the HIV-1-fusion peptide is thus a promising target of vaccine efforts aimed at eliciting broadly neutralizing antibodies.
An Ion Mobility/Ion Trap/Photodissociation Instrument for Characterization of Ion Structure (2011)

A new instrument that combines ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) separations with tandem mass spectrometry (MS(n)) is described. Ion fragmentation is achieved with vacuum ultraviolet photodissociation (VUV PD) and/or collision-induced dissociation (CID). The instrument is comprised of an approximately 1 m long drift tube connected to a linear trap that has been interfaced to a pulsed F(2) laser (157 nm). Ion gates positioned in the front and the back of the primary drift region allow for mobility selection of specific ions prior to their storage in the ion trap, mass analysis, and fragmentation. The ion characterization advantages of the new instrument are demonstrated with the analysis of the isomeric trisaccharides, melezitose and raffinose. Mobility separation of precursor ions provides a means of separating the isomers and subsequent VUV PD generates unique fragments allowing them to be distinguished.
Sensitive Pepsin Immunoassay for Detection of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux (2005)

Detection of pepsin in throat sputum by immunoassay appears to provide a sensitive, noninvasive method to detect LPR.
Concomitant K- and N-ras Gene Point Mutations in Clonal Murine Lymphoma (1988)

We have surveyed a panel of induced murine lymphomas for c-ras gene mutations. The K-ras gene seems to be preferentially activated in our system, and there are at least two examples of concomitant K- and N-ras gene mutations in the same tumor. This indicates that in some cases additional ras mutations may contribute to tumorigenesis and is evidence for a role of ras activation in tumor progression.
Sugar-Modified Conjugated Diene Analogues of Adenosine and Uridine:  Synthesis, Interaction with S-Adenosyl-l-homocysteine Hydrolase, and Antiviral and Cytostatic Effects (2002)

Moffatt oxidation of 2',3'-O-isopropylideneuridine (1a) and treatment of the crude 5'-aldehyde with formylmethylene-stabilized Wittig reagent gave the vinylogously extended 7'-aldehyde2a. Condensation of 2a with ethoxycarbonyl- or dibromomethylene phosphorane reagents gave the conjugated dienes 6a and 4a, respectively. Deacetonization gave diene ester 7a [5'(E),7'(E); with s-trans conformation] and dibromodiene 5a [5'(E)], respectively. Analogously, 2',3'-O-isopropylideneadenosine (1b) was Wittig-extended into the conjugated dibromodiene 5b [5'(E)] and dienoic ester 7b [5'(E),7'(E)]. Furthermore, palladium-catalyzed coupling of the vinyl 6'(E)-stannanes 14 with (E) and (Z) ethyl 3-iodoacrylate gave stereodefined access to dienoic esters 7 (E,E) and 16 (E,Z). Incubation of AdoHcy hydrolase with 100 microM of 5b resulted in partial inhibition of the enzyme without any apparent change in the enzyme's nicotinamide adenine dinucleoside (NAD(+)) content. In contrast, 7b and 16b produced time- and concentration-dependent inactivation of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (AdoHcy) hydrolase producing significant decreases in the enzyme's NAD(+) content. However, 7b and 16b upon incubation with AdoHcy hydrolase were not metabolized suggesting that these compounds are type I mechanism-based inhibitors. No specific antiviral activity was noted for 5a,b, 7a,b, and 16a,b against any of the viruses tested; dibromodiene 5b proved cytotoxic at a concentration > or =6.7 microM and cytostatic at > or =11 microM, while dienoic esters 16a,b showed activity against both varicella-zoster virus (at 10 microM, 16a) and cytomegalovirus (at 10 microM, 16a; 18 microM, 16b).
Effect of Analogues of Somatostatin on Pancreatic and Gut Hormones and Growth Hormone in Man (1979)

Conference Abstract| September 01 1979 Effect of Analogues of Somatostatin on Pancreatic and Gut Hormones and Growth Hormone in Man R. G. Long; R. G. Long 1Departments of Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London and Salk Institute, San Diego, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar T. E. Adrian; T. E. Adrian 1Departments of Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London and Salk Institute, San Diego, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar A. J. Barnes; A. J. Barnes 1Departments of Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London and Salk Institute, San Diego, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar S. R. Bloom; S. R. Bloom 1Departments of Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London and Salk Institute, San Diego, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M. R. Brown; M. R. Brown 1Departments of Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London and Salk Institute, San Diego, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar W. Vale; W. Vale 1Departments of Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London and Salk Institute, San Diego, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J. E. Rivier J. E. Rivier 1Departments of Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London and Salk Institute, San Diego, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd Online ISSN: 1470-8736 Print ISSN: 0143-5221 © 1979 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society1979 Clin Sci (Lond) (1979) 57 (3): 23P. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs057023Pb Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation R. G. Long, T. E. Adrian, A. J. Barnes, S. R. Bloom, M. R. Brown, W. Vale, J. E. Rivier; Effect of Analogues of Somatostatin on Pancreatic and Gut Hormones and Growth Hormone in Man. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 September 1979; 57 (3): 23P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs057023Pb Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsClinical Science Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1979 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society1979 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
SEI 0: Embedded Network Approaches to Multiscale Seismic Networks Overview (2006)

Disruption Tolerant Shell (DTS)-Asynchronous remote shell interface to all nodes simultaneously -Provides node management capabilities when end to end connections are unavailable or fail -DTS reaches 100% of the nodes faster in the absence of high availability end to end connections -Uses a reliable and efficient publish-subscribe mechanism to disseminate shell commands and responses "epidemically" and reliably hop by hop
126 Broadly Neutralizing HIV Abs (2012)

Cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies (NAb) are found in the sera of many HIV-1 infected subjects, but the virologic basis of their neutralization remains poorly understood. We have used knowledge of HIV-1 Envelope (Env) structure to develop antigenically resurfaced glycoproteins specific for the structurally conserved site of CD4 receptor binding. These probes identified sera with such NAbs from infected donors and enabled the isolation of B cells that recognized the CD4-binding site (CD4bs). By expressing immunoglobulin genes from individual B cells, we have identified monoclonal antibodies that neutralize over 90% of circulating HIV-1 isolates. Exceptionally broad HIV-1 neutralization can be achieved with individual antibodies targeted to the functionally conserved CD4bs of gp120, an insight critical to the development of an AIDS vaccine. These mAbs have been evaluated for their ability to protect passively against SHIV infection in NHP by antibody infusion or gene transfer and are under development for human trials. Modifications to improve efficacy and half life are under evaluation to determine whether this approach to HIV prevention and therapy is feasible.
Signal decoupling in digital holography via compressive sensing (2019)

Digital holography (DH) could realize three dimensional (3-D) imaging since it records the wavefront induced by an object volume. However, DH suffers from two inherent drawbacks for 3-D imaging: the twin images and cross talks between different depths. Both these two terms severely trouble DH because they couple with the reconstructed signal, particularly under microscopic configuration. In this work, we briefly review the signal decoupling techniques in DH and introduce the achieved micron-level depth-resolved uncoupled signal reconstruction via compressive sensing (CS). As an optimization strategy for signal reconstruction, CS is capable of filtering out the coupled signals by sparsity constraint. The CS based signal decoupling in DH is analyzed and verified by numerical simulations and optical experiments.
Construction of Fused Medium‐Ring Carbocycles by Catalytic Generation and Rearrangement of Oxonium Ylides. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
In vivo inhibition of angiogenesis and induction of apoptosis by retinoic acid in squamous cell carcinoma. (1997)

Retinoids inhibit the growth and reverse aberrant differentiation of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells in vitro. To investigate the potential mechanisms of antitumor activity of retinoids in vivo, we used the cervical SCC cell line ME-180 as a s.c. tumor xenograft in athymic nude mice. After s.c. injection, tumor cells were allowed to form visible tumors and antitumor activity of all-trans-retinoic acid (tRA) was studied. tRA was administered daily for a 1-week or a 2-week period at 60 mg/kg/day. Tumor specimens were then analyzed using immunohistochemical staining for the number of blood vessels and apoptotic cells and for proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression. Furthermore, we studied the effect of the tRA treatment on the expression of a binding protein for fibroblast growth factors (BP; Gen-Bank accession no. M60047) that is a candidate angiogenesis modulator in SCC (F. Czubayko et al., J. Biol. Chem., 269: 28243-28248, 1994). We found that in vivo tRA treatment reduces BP expression in SCC xenografts, inhibits their angiogenesis, induces apoptosis of the tumor cells, and leads to a decrease of the tumor growth rate. We speculate that the tRA down-regulation of BP is responsible for the reduction of angiogenesis.
Visible-spectrum LEDs (2006)

Originally, LEDs were exclusively used for low-brightness applications such as indicator lamps. In these applications, the efficiency and the overall optical power of the LED are not of primary importance. However, in more recent applications, for example traffic light applications, the light emitted by LEDs must be seen even in bright sunlight and from a considerable distance. LEDs with high efficiency and brightness are required for such applications.
The role of high sensitivity C-reactive protein for evaluating the progression of lung disease in patients with cystic fibrosis (2022)

Introduction Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the second most common life-shortening autosomal-recessive hereditary disease in the Caucasian population. Determinant factor for mortality and morbidity is lung involvement where inflammation occurs before first clinical signs. High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is an acute-phase protein, mainly produced by hepatocytes but also synthesized by pneumocytes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Furthermore, hs-CRP may predict clinical disease activity and risk of pulmonary exacerbations in adult CF patients, whereby its role in predicting pulmonary inflammation and clinical disease progression in children is unknown.
Vascular access-specific health-related quality of life impacts among hemodialysis patients: qualitative development of the hemodialysis access-related quality of life (HARQ) instrument (2020)

The HARQ features VA-specific content not addressed in other HRQOL measures, making it ideal for comparisons of different VA types and new VA technologies. The psychometric properties of the HARQ will be evaluated in future research.
Application of Mechanical Shear in an Internal‐Recycle for the Enhancement of Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion (2007)

A combination of bench- and full-scale studies were conducted to determine the effectiveness of high-intensity mechanical shear in an internal recycle loop to enhance mesophilic anaerobic digestion and the implications of this process for routine operations of a digestion system. During short-term batch digestion (56 hours), a 46% increase in biogas production was observed. However, it was found that the degree of digestion enhancement was sludge-specific, with increases in volatile solids destruction ranging from 16.6 to 110%. A full-scale demonstration showed increased total and volatile solids destruction of 22 and 21% for the primary digester and 17.2 and 11% for the secondary digester, respectively. The data also suggest that increased protein degradation is one of the major mechanisms associated with the observed increases in volatile solids destruction. The full-scale demonstration also determined that shear enhanced digestion can be operated without process upset, based on volatile fatty acid profile and headspace biogas composition (methane and carbon dioxide). Dewatering properties, as measured by polymer demand, deteriorated in the primary digester, but there was improvement in the secondary digester. High-intensity shear does not appear to enhance pathogen reduction based on total and fecal coliform bacterial enumeration.
Current prospects and challenges for epilepsy gene therapy (2020)

This review addresses the state of gene therapy research for the treatment of epilepsy. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the anti-seizure efficacy of viral vector-based gene transfer through the use of a variety of strategies – from modulating classic neurotransmitter systems to targeting or overexpressing of neuropeptide receptors in seizure-specific brain regions. While these studies provide substantive proof of principle for viral vector gene therapy, future studies must address the challenges of vector immunity, cellular specificity and effective global delivery. As these issues are resolved, viral vector gene therapy should significantly impact the treatment of intractable epilepsy.
Coaxial Catheter for Humidification during Jet Ventilation (1982)

A coaxial jet ventilation catheter capable of entraining liquid water by Venturi effect was assembled by inserting an epidural catheter (water injector tube) into a 69-cm-long, 3-rnrn-i.d., outer jet delivery tube. Gas jet flow in the outer tube produced a negative pressure in the inner injector tube. The entrainment pressure could be varied by increasing or decreasing the distance between the injector and jet portals. The quantity of entrained water could thus be regulated between 8 ± 1 to 44 ± 2 mg/L of gas by decreasing this distance from 3.5 to 0.5 cm. The catheter was used to deliver low-or high-frequency jet ventilation for 4 hours in dogs (five dogs per mode of ventilation) and for 2 hours in patients (12 patients per mode). Patients receiving either mode of ventilation were divided into two equal groups. One group was ventilated with dry gases and the other with humidified gases containing 44 mg H2O/L. Ciliated epithelial cells were obtained by bronchial lavage at the onset and termination of each study. Damage to ciliated cells was assessed numerically by a point scoring system. The coaxial catheter produced adequate pulmonary ventilation both in dogs and humans during both modes of ventilation. The human tracheobronchial cellular score decreased approximately 21% after unhumidified low-and high-frequency ventilation. However, the score did not change significantly in patients who received humidified gases, indicating efficient humidification by the coaxial catheter.
Differential antiproliferation effect of 2′‐benzoyloxycinnamaldehyde in K‐ras‐transformed cells via downregulation of thiol antioxidants (2010)

2'-Benzoyloxycinnamaldehyde (BCA), one of the derivatives of 2'-hydroxycinnamaldehyde (HCA) isolated from the bark of Cinnamomum cassia, induces apoptosis in human cancer cells. We found that BCA induces stronger antiproliferative effects in K-ras-transformed cells (RK3E-ras) than in isogenic non-transformed cells (RK3E). Treatment of RK3E-ras with BCA resulted in increased ROS generation and depletion of intracellular glutathione, whereas BCA-treated RK3E showed no significant increase in the ROS level with concurrent increase in intracellular glutathione (GSH). Thiol antioxidants recovered cell proliferation inhibition caused by BCA in both cell lines, while non-thiol antioxidants failed to recover cell death. BCA decreased metallothionein (MT) expression in RK3E-ras, while inducing remarkable MT expression in RK3E. The increase of intracellular GSH in RK3E is partially caused by differential induction of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS) due to BCA treatment. To evaluate the upstream pathway for differential expression of γ-GCS and MT, we analyzed early DJ-1 (PARK7) and NF-E2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) changes after BCA treatment. In RK3E, DJ-1 expression considerably increased for 3 h with concurrent induction of Nrf2, whereas in RK3E-ras cells BCA decreased these protein levels. Based on these findings, it seems that the therapeutic selectivity of BCA in RK3E-ras results from decreased thiol antioxidants via decreased DJ-1 and Nrf2 expression.