gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Total hip arthroplasty in Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome (2008)

Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome patients often suffer degenerative joint disease at an early age. Performing arthroplasty in these patients is particularly difficult for a number of reasons. In this case report, we describe the second reported case of total hip replacement in Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome, using novel techniques to surmount the problems faced in this challenging condition.
18F-FDG PET/MRI of patients with chronic pain alters management. (2020)

399 Objectives: Pain is the most common reason to seek medical attention worldwide. The chronic pain patient, however, is faced with a lack of objective tools to identify the source of pain. In chronic pain, neural tissues as well as any associated inflamed tissues are hypermetabolic and, therefore, glucose avid, showing increased uptake of radiolabeled glucose analogs, such as [18F]FDG (1,2). The goal of this work is to develop a clinical [18F]FDG PET/MRI method to accurately localize sites of increased inflammation related to sources of pain. The aims are to 1) determine whether imaging findings correlate with location of pain, and to 2) determine whether the imaging results affect management decisions.
 Methods: Patients suffering from chronic pain have been referred directly from pain physician specialists. Sixty-five chronic pain patients have thus far been imaged with a GE SIGNA PET/MRI system (time-of-flight PET; 3.0T bore; 4-8 min/bed position) from the head through the feet. All patients underwent imaging one hour after a single 10 mCi injection of [18F]FDG. MRI sequences obtained include a coronal DESS, coronal PSIF (isotropic), axial LAVA FLEX (with water/fat separation) and axial T2W FSE with fat-saturation. Two radiologists evaluated PET/MR images (one blinded and the other unblinded to patient exam and history). Maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) and target-to-background were measured using image analysis software (OsiriX
v.8.0 64-bit). The radiologist unblinded to the patient exam and history determined if increased [18F]FDG uptake occurred in the site of symptoms and in other areas of the body. Imaging results were discussed with the referring physician, who then determined whether a change in the management plan would follow.
 Results: Focal increased uptake of [18F]FDG in affected nerves and muscle (approximately 2-4 times more than background tissue) were identified in 58 of 65 patients at the site of pain and other areas of the body (SUVmax of lesions from 0.9 to 4.2 vs. SUVmax of background from 0.2 to 1.2. A modification in the management plan was needed based on imaging findings: 13/65 no change, 16/65 mild modification (e.g. additional diagnostic test) and 36/65 significant modification (e.g. new invasive procedure suggested or ordered). For example, PET/MR imaging helped to direct treatment of a patient with occipital neuralgia, leading to relief from the pain (Figure 1), as well as release of a fibrotic plantaris muscle causing foot pain, and placement of blood patches to treat cerebrospinal fluid leaks.
 Conclusions: Our data suggest that [18F]FDG PET/MRI can identify hypermetabolic or inflammatory abnormalities in patients suffering from neuropathic pain. New management plans have been implemented in 40 out of 65 patients (62%), which had not been anticipated by the referring physician. Further following up with a large cohort of patients should be conducted to establish the effectiveness of [18F]FDG PET/MRI to guide interventions for relieving pain.
A BIOMECHANICAL EVALUATION OF SUTURE ANCHORS IN REPAIR OF THE ROTATOR CUFF (1997)

Repair of the rotator cuff requires secure reattachment, but large chronic defects cause osteoporosis of the greater tuberosity which may then have insufficient strength to allow proper fixation of the tendon. Recently, suture anchors have been introduced, but have not been fully evaluated. We have investigated the strength of suture-to-anchor attachment, and the use of suture anchors in repairs of the rotator cuff either to the greater tuberosity or the lateral cortex of the humerus. The second method gave a significant increase in the strength of the repair (p = 0.014). The repairs were loaded cyclically and failed at low loads by cutting into bone and tendon, casting doubt on the integrity of the repair in early mobilisation after surgery. Repairs with suture anchors did not perform better than those with conventional transosseous attachment.
Structure-activity studies of a novel bicyclic oxytocin antagonist (1992)

In this report, we describe structure-activity studies of the bicyclic oxytocin antagonist [Mpa1,cyclo(Glu4,Lys8)]oxytocin. The monocylic analogue [dPen1, (Glu4,Lys8)]oxytocin was a weak oxytocin antagonist with a pA2 value of 5.8 in the uterotonic assay. Bicyclization of this analogue yielded [dPen1,cyclo(Glu4,Lys8)]oxytocin, a potent antagonist of oxytocin in the uterotonic assay (pA2 8.74) with a potency 3 times greater than that of [Mpa1,cyclo(Glu4,Lys8)]oxytocin. [dPen1,cyclo(Glu4,Lys8)]oxytocin also was a weak antagonist in the pressor assay with a pA2 of 6.3. To establish if the potent antagonistic effects of these bicyclic compounds was because of the lactam ring or merely the result of obtaining an optimal degree of lipophilicity of the side chains in positions 4 and 8, we synthesized a series of analogues containing neutral and/or charged groups on these side chains. Monocyclic derivatives of [Mpa1,Gln4,Lys(CHO)8]oxytocin were moderate to weak agonists of oxytocin all following classical structure-activity profiles of oxytocin. The monocyclic derivatives of [dPen1,Gln4,Lys(CHO)8]oxytocin were antagonists of oxytocin which was attributed to the dPen1 substitution. However, the potency of all of these latter derivatives was at least 1 order of magnitude less than [dPen1,cyclo(Glu4,Lys8)]oxytocin. These results suggest that the potent antagonistic properties of the bicyclic analogues [Mpa1,cyclo(Glu4,Lys8)]oxytocin and [dPen1,cyclo(Glu4,Lys8)]oxytocin can be attributed to the effect of the lactam bridge on the conformational flexibility and topographical properties of the analogues, rendering them more favorable for binding to the receptor in such a manner as to prevent transduction of a biological response.
Supplementary Figure 6 from Cisplatin Selects for Multidrug-Resistant CD133<sup>+</sup> Cells in Lung Adenocarcinoma by Activating Notch Signaling (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 342K, Inhibition of cisplatin-induced enrichment of CD133+ cells by Notch1 knockdown&lt;/p&gt;
Relationship between Enzyme Specificity and the Backbone Dynamics of Free and Inhibited α-Lytic Protease, (1998)

To better understand the structural basis for the observed patterns in substrate specificity, the backbone dynamics of alpha-lytic protease have been investigated using 15N relaxation measurements. The enzyme was inhibited with the peptide boronic acid N-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-Ala-Pro-boroVal [Kettner, C. A., et al. (1988) Biochemistry 27, 7682], which mimics interactions occurring in the tetrahedral transition state or nearby intermediates, and the dynamics of the unbound and inhibited enzyme were compared. Arrayed 2-D NMR spectra were acquired to measure T1, T2, and steady-state ¿1H¿-15N NOE of >95% of the backbone amides in both protein samples. The overall rotational correlation time tauc was found to be 8.1 ns. Values of the spectral density function J(omega) at omega = 0, omegaN, and approximately omegaH were derived from the relaxation results using reduced spectral density mapping [Ishima, R., & Nagayama, K. (1995) Biochemistry 34, 3162]. The resultant spectral densities were interpreted to indicate regions of fast motion (nanosecond to picosecond) and of intermediate chemical exchange (millisecond to microsecond). The protein has 13 regions with increased motion on the fast time scale; these generally fall on exterior turns and loops and most correlate with regions of higher crystallographic B-factors. Several stretches of backbone undergo intermediate chemical exchange, indicating motion or other processes that cause temporal chemical shift changes. A comparison of spectral densities for both the free and inhibited enzymes revealed that inhibitor binding preferentially stabilizes regions undergoing chemical exchange (which predominate around the active site) and only minimally affect regions of rapid motion. Slow motions, suggestive of backbone plasticity, are observed in most of the binding pocket residues. This may point to a mechanism for the observed broad specificity of the enzyme. The significance of the observed dynamics for substrate binding and specificity is discussed.
Second-order differential adaptive microphone array (2009)

An adaptive second-order differential microphone design is proposed here that is constructed from a weighted sum of omnidirectional microphones. Theoretically, only three microphones are required to form a second-order array. The three microphone signals are combined to form three unique fixed second-order beams. Any second-order differential beampattern can be realized using a weighted sum of these three ldquobuilding-blockrdquo beam outputs. If certain simple constraints are placed on the weighting of the three fixed beams, the two null locations that define the final second-order beampattern can be constrained to defined angular regions.
Supplementary Table 1 from Mechanistic Contribution of Ubiquitous 15-Lipoxygenase-1 Expression Loss in Cancer Cells to Terminal Cell Differentiation Evasion (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 48KB&lt;/p&gt;
High Temperature in Situ Raman Spectroscopy of Working Oxidative Coupling Catalysts (1993)

Abstract Oxidative coupling of methane is an important route to formation of ethane and ethylene. The reaction is catalyzed by a broad range of basic oxides, including lanthanum oxides, that are modified with group IA or group IIA ions. — Laser Raman spectroscopy has been used to characterize surface peroxide structures on La 2 O 3 and Na‐ and Sr‐modified La 2 O 3 . These surface peroxide groups are formed on these catalysts by calcination in O 2 at temperatures between 500°C and 800°C. By high temperature in situ Raman spectroscopy it was possible to follow the formation of these surface peroxides and their reaction with methane. Changes in the structure and concentration of peroxide groups on the surface of the working catalysts were investigated at elevated temperatures as high as 800°C by varying the partial pressures of the reactant gases. The results provide evidence for the role of peroxide ions for the activation of methane during the oxidative coupling reaction.
Entropy of Pure-Silica Molecular Sieves (2001)

The entropies of a series of pure-silica molecular sieves (structural codes *BEA, FAU, MFI, and MTT) are obtained by calorimetric measurements of low-temperature heat capacity. The third-law entropies at 298.15 K are (on the basis of 1 mol of SiO2): *BEA, 44.91 ± 0.11 J·K-1·mol-1; FAU, 44.73 ± 0.11 J·K-1·mol-1; MFI, 45.05 ± 0.11 J·K-1·mol-1; MTT, 45.69 ± 0.11 J·K-1·mol-1; while the corresponding entropies of transition from quartz at 298.15 K are *BEA, 3.4 J·K-1·mol-1; FAU, 3.2 J·K-1·mol-1; MFI, 3.6 J·K-1·mol-1; MTT, 4.2 J·K-1·mol-1. The entropies span a very narrow range at 3.2−4.2 J·K-1·mol-1 above quartz, despite a factor of 2 difference in molar volume. This confirms that there are no significant entropy barriers to transformations between SiO2 polymorphs. Finally, the Gibbs free energy of transformation with respect to quartz is calculated for eight SiO2 phases and all are found to be within twice the available thermal energy of each other at 298.15 K.
An Unrecognized, Preventable Cause of Syncope, Malignant Arrhythmia, and Cardiac Death (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Regulation of early human hematopoietic (BFU-E and CFU-GEMM) progenitor cells in vitro by interleukin 1-induced fibroblast-conditioned medium (1987)

Abstract Stimulators of human erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E) and multipotential colony-forming cells (CFU-GEMM) can be produced by a number of different cell types. A product of human peripheral blood monocytes, interleukin 1 (IL-1), was evaluated for its ability to stimulate fibroblast cultures to produce stimulators of human bone marrow BFU-E and CFU-GEMM colony formation. BFU-E and CFU-GEMM colony formation was evaluated using low-density, nonadherent low-density, and T lymphocyte-depleted nonadherent low-density human bone marrow cells cultured in the presence of a source of pure human erythropoietin. Both human monocyte conditioned medium (MCM) and human recombinant IL-1 (hrIL-1) induced fibroblasts to produce stimulators of BFU-E and CFU- GEMM in a dose-dependent fashion with maximal colony formation occurring when fibroblasts were stimulated by 25% MCM or 140 ng/mL ROO6B hrIL-1, or 1.25 to 5 ng/mL ROO6T hrIL-1. Preincubation of MCM and hrIL-1 with an antibody to IL-1 inactivated the ability of MCM and hrIL- 1 to induce the release of erythroid and multipotential colony stimulating activity from fibroblasts. These results suggest that monocyte-derived IL-1 is involved in regulating the production of humoral stimulators of early human hematopoietic progenitors.
Microstructures of poly (ethylene glycol) by molding and dewetting (2003)

We report on the fabrication of microstructures of poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) using a soft molding technique. When a patterned poly (dimethylsiloxane) stamp is placed on a wet PEG film, the polymer in contact with the stamp spontaneously moves into the void space as a result of capillary action. Three types of microstructures are observed with the substrate surface completely exposed: a negative replica of the stamp, a two-dimensional projection of the simple cubic structure, and a two-dimensional projection of the diamond structure. A molding process is responsible for the first type and a dewetting process for the final two. A phase diagram is constructed based on the effects of molecular weight and concentration, which shows that mobility and confinement play a crucial role in determining the particular type of microstructure obtained. The PEG microstructure could be used as a lithographic resist in fabricating electronic devices and a resistant layer for preventing nonspecific adsorption of proteins or cells.
Electrochemical Power Generation Directly from Combustion Flame of Gases, Liquids, and Solids (2004)

The performance of a solid oxide fuel cell fueled with flames of combustible gases, liquids, and solids was studied. A cell structure in which cells were serially integrated within a disk was also examined. Open-circuit voltages indicated with a single cell and the integrated cell were ∼0.8 and ∼3.5 V, respectively. Maximum power density obtained with the flames of n-butane, kerosine, paraffin wax (candle), and wood were respectively 75, 65, 62, and 5 mW/cm 2 . The integrated cell gave a maximum power density of 318 mW/cm 2 with n-butane flame. Fuel to air ratio distinctly influenced the output.
Graphene field-effect transistors using large-area monolayer graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition on Co thin films (2011)

There has been great interest in methods for the synthesis of high-quality, large-area graphene films, as required for practical applications in the electronics industry. In particular, recent developments in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods have shown a promising approach to grow large-area graphene on metal substrates by catalyzed CVD growth. Reports of CVD growth on Cu and Ni are common; however, there have been few efforts to grow graphene on Co, and attempts to grow graphene on Co/SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /Si resulted in very small domains of predominantly multilayer graphene that were not suitable for transistor fabrication. Unlike Ni, Co is attractive due to the low lattice mismatch (<; 2%) between graphene and the Co (0001) surface, and Co exhibits greater compatibility with Si than Cu, which is a deep trap in Si and a fast diffuser. Here we have demonstrated graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs) fabricated using large-area monolayer graphene grown by catalyzed CVD on Co films.
Free Radical Functionalization of Organic Compounds Catalyzed by N-Hydroxyphthalimide (2007)

This review gives a general overview of the reactions\ncatalyzed by N-hydroxyphthalimide and related compounds.\nIt focuses on processes ranging from commercial production of \nchemicals, such as adipic and terephthalic acid, to fine\nchemicals such as those discussed in the sections on C-N\nand C-C bond formation.\nThe synthetic and reaction mechanisms aspects are critically rewieved, as well \na great consideration is given to the thermodynamic and kinetic issues\nconcerning the nitroxyl radicals involved in the catalytic procesess.
Abstract 11468: Role of Serotonin in Angiogenesis: Induction of Angiogenesis by Sarpogrelate via Endothelial 5-HT1B/Akt/eNOS Pathway in Diabetic Mice (2011)

Background: Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) plays a crucial role in pathophysiological conditions of peripheral artery disease (PAD) and diabetes mellitus (DM). In these conditions, the balance between the 5-HT2A receptor in smooth muscle cells and the 5-HT1B receptor in endothelial cells (EC) regulates vascular tonus. In the present study, we focused on the role of 5-HT in endothelial dysfunction using a selective 5-HT2A receptor blocker, sarpogrelate. Methods and Results: (in vitro) Stimulating Human Aortic Endothelial Cells (HAECs) with 5-HT (10μ M) upregulates eNOS expression and phosphorylation of eNOS, Akt and ERK1/2. In addition, a dose-dependent increase in tubule -formation was observed on Matrigel after 5-HT treatment (P Conclusion: Present study demonstrated that selective inhibition of 5-HT2A by sarpogrelate significantly restored ischemic limb blood perfusion in a severe diabetic mouse model through stimulation of the eNOS/Akt pathway via the endothelial 5-HT1B receptor. Enhancement of vasodilation and angiogenesis by sarpogrelate might provide a unique treatment for PAD and DM patients.
Cycloaddition of the Trimethylenemethane-Palladium Complex to Activated Six-Membered and Medium-Ring Enones (1987)

Abstract 2-Carbomethoxycyclohexenones and -0ctenones react with (Z-(acetoxymethyl)-3-allyl)trimethylsilane in the presence of Pd(O) to give methylenecyclopentane cycloadducts in yields ranging from 46–92%. The corresponding 2-methyl derivatives proved far less reactive (only 5% trapping).
Carbamoylalkylphosphonates Type Ligand for Uranium Extraction from Phosphates Ores (2016)

Carbamoylphosphonic acid and carbamoylphosphonate ligands have been synthesized and studied for uranium extraction from phosphates ores. From a structure-selectivity approach, the molecular design of such ligands was optimized leading to a specific one called DEHCNPB which exhibits outstanding results for the selective extraction, and quantitative recovery of uranium in phosphoric acid compared to the URPHOS reference system.
Auto zoom crop from face detection and facial features (2013)

The automatic recomposition of a digital photograph to a more pleasing composition or alternate aspect ratio is a very powerful concept. The human face is arguably one of the most frequently photographed and important subjects. Although evidence suggests only a minority of photos contain faces, the vast majority of images used in consumer photobooks contain faces. Face detection and facial understanding algorithms are becoming ubiquitous to the computational photography community and facial features have a dominating influence on both aesthetic and compositional properties of the displayed image. We introduce a fully automatic recomposition algorithm, capable of zooming in to a more pleasing composition, re-trimming to alternate aspect ratios, or a combination thereof. We use facial bounding boxes, input and output aspect ratios, along with derived composition rules to introduce a facecrop algorithm with superior performance to more complex saliency or region of interest detection algorithms. We further introduce sophisticated facial understanding rules to improve user satisfaction further. We demonstrate through psychophysical studies the improved subjective quality of our method compared to state-of-the-art techniques.
Carbohydrate‐based fat replacers in the modification of the rheological, textural and sensory quality of yoghurt: comparative study of the utilisation of barley beta‐glucan, guar gum and inulin (2008)

Summary Barley beta‐glucan, partially hydrolysed guar gum and inulin were used in the processing of low‐fat yoghurts. The possible beneficial effects of carbohydrate fat replacers on the rheological, textural and sensory quality of low‐fat yoghurt‐based products were determined. Comparisons were made between the sample yoghurts made from a low‐fat milk base, and full‐fat and low‐fat yoghurt controls. The inclusion of the carbohydrate components reduced product syneresis and improved the texture and rheological properties of the low‐fat‐based products so that their quality characteristics were similar to yoghurt made with full‐fat milk. Both the type and also the amount of carbohydrate component altered product characteristics. Beta‐glucan addition at low level (0.5%) was effective in improving serum retention of the yoghurt and its viscoelastic nature ( G ′, G ′ and tan δ). In contrast, higher levels (above 2%) of inulin and guar gum were needed to exert significant improvements in the textural characteristics of yoghurt. Sensory analysis conducted on the samples illustrated that the inclusion of carbohydrate‐based fat replacers could be successfully utilised to mimic full‐fat products.
ChemInform Abstract: Superacid Cyclodehydration of Ketones in the Production of Tricyclic Antihistamines. (1989)

Abstract Loratadine (XII), a potent long‐acting antihistamine without CNS side effects, is synthesized as outlined in the reaction scheme.
<title>Variable-blocksize transform coding of four-color printed images</title> (1991)

In this paper we outline a new approach to transform coding of four-color printed images employing variable blocksizes in connection with cpiadtree data structures. A new statistical model based decision criterion for guidance of the quadtree decomposition is proposed. This decision criterion avoids drawbacks of simple deviation tests or detail measures and can easily be extended towards multi-color segmentation. To account for the greatly varying local image content found in printed images, a highly adaptive threshold coding concept using an activity/entropy block classification scheme is introduced. Segmentation results as well as average compression ratios for the proposed system will be given.