gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dispositif d'analyse dynamique de reseaux photoinduits. Application a divers materiaux photosensibles . (2000)

Nous avons développé un véritable instrument de mesure et de caractérisation en temps réel des réseaux dynamiques photoinduits dans des matériaux holographiques. La technique des réseaux mobiles utilisée ne suppose pas connue la nature du reseau. Elle caracterise les modulations d'indice et d'absorption, a savoir leurs amplitudes et leurs dephasages par rapport au système de franges d'inscription. Il suffit de translater le reseau pendant un temps tres bref perpendiculairement aux franges, et de détecter les variations d'intensité des faisceaux qui les forment. Nous avons évalué les capacités et les limitations de ce dispositif qui fournit, pour la premiere fois, la cinetique de l'ensemble des paramétrés des reseaux. Nous l'avons adapte aux différents types de materiaux étudiés. Dans des matériaux photorefractifs organiques, le déphasage du réseau d'indice mesure indique bien un effet non local, dont les manifestations sont compatibles avec l'effet photorefractif qui serait cree par orientation des chromophores sur la direction du champ total. Nous avons aussi décelé un petit réseau d'absorption en quadrature avec le réseau d'indice majoritaire. Dans les sol-gels mous sik-dr1, nous avons sépare le réseau de surface du réseau de photoisomerisation, et mesure directement pour la premiere fois le déphasage de des réseaux de surface. Mettant un terme a un débat résultant d'expériences indirectes et controversées, cette valeur est en accord avec les modeles de photomigration. Nous avons montre que la variation temporelle quasi linéaire du déphasage des réseaux, observée avec des matériaux sol-gels et des cristaux liquides, est un artefact experimental qui affecte l'analyse de tous les matériaux lents : ce sont les franges d'inscription qui bougent par rapport au réseau photoinduit. Cette derive des franges est a l'origine des phénomènes de transfert d'énergie décrits dans certains de ces matériaux lents.
Immunophenotypic measurable residual disease (MRD) in acute myeloid leukemia: Is multicentric MRD assessment feasible? (2018)

Flow-cytometric detection of now termed measurable residual disease (MRD) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has proven to have an independent prognostic impact. In a previous multicenter study we developed protocols to accurately define leukemia-associated immunophenotypes (LAIPs) at diagnosis. It has, however, not been demonstrated whether the use of the defined LAIPs in the same multicenter setting results in a high concordance between centers in MRD assessment. In the present paper we evaluated whether interpretation of list-mode data (LMD) files, obtained from MRD assessment of previously determined LAIPs during and after treatment, could reliably be performed in a multicenter setting. The percentage of MRD positive cells was simultaneously determined in totally 173 LMD files from 77 AML patients by six participating centers. The quantitative concordance between the six participating centers was meanly 84%, with slight variation of 75%-89%. In addition our data showed that the type and number of LAIPs were of influence on the performance outcome. The highest concordance was observed for LAIPs with cross-lineage expression, followed by LAIPs with an asynchronous antigen expression. Our results imply that immunophenotypic MRD assessment in AML will only be feasible when fully standardized methods are used for reliable multicenter assessment.
Surface resistance of Bi-2212 films fabricated by multitarget sputtering (1999)

We investigated the surface resistance of Bi-2212 films fabricated by the multitarget sputtering method. The surface resistance was not dependent on the product of the grain size and the critical current density, although many high temperature superconductors such as Y-Ba-Cu-O agree with such a weak-link model. Therefore, it is possible that the conduction losses are relatively low at grain boundaries in Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O. On the other hand, it was found that the intergrowth of Bi-2212 with Bi-2201 or Bi-2223 influenced the surface resistance badly. This is very interesting, although it has never been clarified as to why the surface resistance is dependent on the intergrowth. Further study will be required in order to interpret the behavior of the surface resistance of BSCCO.
New geometrical design for delayed-fracture-resistant high-strength bolt (2004)

geometrical design for
Visualization of surgical maneuvers using intraoperative real-time volumetric optical coherence tomography (2023)

Ophthalmic microsurgery is traditionally performed using stereomicroscopes and requires visualization and manipulation of sub-millimeter tissue structures with limited contrast. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging modality that can provide high-resolution, depth-resolved cross sections, and has become a valuable tool in clinical practice in ophthalmology. While there has been substantial progress in both research and commercialization efforts to bring OCT imaging into live surgery, its use is still somewhat limited due to factors such as low imaging speed, limited scan configurations, and suboptimal data visualization. In this paper we describe, to the best of our knowledge, the translation of the fastest swept-source intraoperative OCT system with real-time volumetric imaging with stereoscopic data visualization provided via a heads-up display into the operating room. Results from a sampling of human anterior segment and retinal surgeries chosen from 93 human surgeries using the system are shown and the benefits that this mode of intrasurgical OCT imaging provides are discussed.
Excitatory motor and electrical effects produced by tachykinins in the human and guinea‐pig isolated ureter and guinea‐pig renal pelvis (1998)

1. In isolated tissue experiments, neurokinin A (NKA) produced concentration-dependent contraction of human and guinea-pig ureter (pD2 = 6.7 and 7.2, respectively); an effect greatly reduced (>80% inhibition) by the tachykinin NK2 receptor-selective antagonist MEN 11420 (0.1 microM). The tachykinin NK1 and NK3 receptor agonists septide and senktide, respectively, were ineffective. 2. Electrical field stimulation (EFS) of the guinea-pig isolated renal pelvis produced an inotropic response blocked by MEN 11420 (0.01-1 microM). In the same preparation MEN 11420 (0.1 microM) blocked (apparent pK(B) = 8.2) the potentiation of spontaneous motor activity produced by the NK2 receptor-selective agonist [betaAla8]NKA(4-10). 3. In sucrose-gap experiments, EFS evoked action potentials (APs) accompanied by phasic contractions of human and guinea-pig ureter, which were unaffected by tetrodotoxin or MEN 11420 (3 microM), but were blocked by nifedipine (1-10 microM). NKA (1-3 microM) produced a slow membrane depolarization with superimposed APs and a tonic contraction with superimposed phasic contractions. NKA prolonged the duration of EFS-evoked APs and potentiated the accompanying contractions. MEN 11420 completely prevented the responses to NKA in both the human and guinea-pig ureter. 4. Nifedipine (1-10 microM) suppressed the NKA-evoked APs and phasic contractions in both human and guinea-pig ureter, and slightly reduced the membrane depolarization induced by NKA. A tonic-type contraction of the human ureter in response to NKA persisted in the presence of nifedipine. 5. In conclusion, tachykinins produce smooth muscle excitation in both human and guinea-pig ureter by stimulating receptors of the NK2 type only. NK2 receptor activation depolarizes the membrane to trigger the firing of APs from latent pacemakers.
Evaluation of radio-over-fiber link for 45-GHz- and 60-GHz-band simultaneous transmissions (2013)

This paper presents an experimental study for evaluating the frequency response of the radio-over-fiber (RoF) system by using a vector network analyzer. An optical modulator and an optical-to-electrical (O/E) converter with a 3-dB bandwidth at 65 GHz and 100 GHz, respectively were used. In general, because the dispersion of a transmission optical fiber degrades the signal quality and limits the transmission distance, an optical band-pass filter (OBPF) is used for the suppression of the single-sideband (SSB) components, that is, the RoF transmitter functions as an SSB transmitter. An erbium-doped fiber amplifier with an OBPF at the receiver optimizes the optical power launched into the O/E convertor. The fluctuation in the observed responses is approximately 2 dB <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p-p</sub> . In the IEEE802.11ad standard, the tolerance of the fluctuation in the constellations in each subcarrier, under an orthogonal frequency-domain multiplexing scheme, at the transmitter is within +2/-4 dB, which is less than 6 dB. From this viewpoint, the observed fluctuations are less than the tolerance level. The linearity issue is one of the most important factors for the RoF link. The observed responses do not drastically change with an input radio power of 22 dB. Thus, the RoF link with an extremely high-bandwidth RoF transceiver can be used for simultaneous transmissions of 45-GHz and 60-GHz-band radio.
Accurate measurement of time delay of broadband microwave signal via high-repetition-rate pulse train probing SBS based all-optical pulse compression (2017)

We demonstrate a novel scheme to determine the absolute time delay of an unknown signal in an all-optical pulse compression system based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS). Optical pulse train with high repetition rate is utilized as the probe lightwave and unknown broadband microwave signal is modulated on the pump lightwave. The pump and probe lightwaves interact along an optical fiber via SBS. The finite optical fiber length and high pulse repetition rate of probe signal make SBS insufficient since the first several probe pulses meet a part of the entire pump signal. The absolute time delay of the unknown microwave signal is determined through the amplitude variations of the pulse compression results, which are intrinsically carried by the probe pulses suffering insufficient SBS gain. The measurement of the absolute time delay is theoretically analyzed and is experimentally demonstrated. The maximum experimental error is about 7 ns for a linearly frequency-modulated pulse with 1 GHz sweep range at the center frequency of 10 GHz.
Laparoscopic nephrectomy: a review of 16 cases. (1992)

Laparoscopic nephrectomy is a new procedure in which the entire kidney is removed via an endoscopic technique using a surgical sack entrapment method in combination with a recently developed high-speed 10-mm electrical tissue morcellator. Since June 25, 1990, this procedure has been successfully accomplished in 16 consecutive patients. The average operating room time was 5.6 h. Two patients received a blood transfusion (one and three units, respectively). The average hospital stay was 4.6 days, and convalescence was completed within an average of 12 days. We believe the methods developed for laparoscopic nephrectomy will allow surgeons in other disciplines to broaden their indications for laparoscopic surgery as the entrapment sack and morcellator can potentially be applied to the removal of many other solid intraabdominal and pelvic tissues.
High-Pressure Synthesis and Properties of Nano-Polycrystalline Super-Hard Materials (2012)

Single-phase super-hard polycrystalline cBN and diamond have been synthesized by direct conversion sintering from hBN and graphite, respectively, under static high pressure and high temperature. The polycrystalline cBN and diamond consist of fine grains of several tens or hundreds nano-meters, having high hardnesses which are higher than those of their single crystals. They also have high transverse rupture strengths (TRSs) which are much higher than those of conventional sintered compacts containing binder materials. The fine microstructure features without any secondary phases and surpassing mechanical properties of the single-phase super-hard polycrystalline cBN and diamond are promising for applications in next-generation high-precision and high-efficiency cutting tools.
Transcriptional activation of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase and catalase genes by panaxadiol ginsenosides extracted from Panax ginseng (1999)

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) converts superoxide radical to H(2)O(2), which is in turn broken down to water and oxygen by catalase. Thus, SOD and catalase constitute the first coordinated unit of defence against reactive oxygen species. A wide variety of chemical and environmental factors are known to induce these antioxidant enzymes. Here, we examined the effect of ginseng saponins on the induction of SOD and catalase gene expression. To explore this possibility, the upstream regulatory promoter region of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) and catalase genes were linked to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) structural gene and introduced into human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Total saponin and panaxatriol did not activate the transcription of SOD1 and catalase genes but panaxadiol increased the transcription of these genes about 2-3 fold. Among the panaxadiol ginsenosides, the Rb(2) subfraction appeared to be a major inducer of SOD1 and catalase genes. The specificity of the Rb(2) effect was further confirmed by time course- and dose-dependent induction experiments. These results suggest that the panaxadiol fraction and its ginsenosides could induce the antioxidant enzymes which are important for maintaining cell viability by lowering the level of oxygen radical generated from intracellular metabolism.
Small-molecule inhibition of BRD4 as a new potent approach to eliminate leukemic stem- and progenitor cells in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (2012)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a life-threatening stem cell disease characterized by uncontrolled proliferation and accumulation of myeloblasts. Using an advanced RNAi screen-approach in an AML mouse model we have recently identified the epigenetic 'reader' BRD4 as a promising target in AML. In the current study, we asked whether inhibition of BRD4 by a small-molecule inhibitor, JQ1, leads to growth-inhibition and apoptosis in primary human AML stem- and progenitor cells. Primary cell samples were obtained from 37 patients with freshly diagnosed AML (n=23) or refractory AML (n=14). BRD4 was found to be expressed at the mRNA and protein level in unfractionated AML cells as well as in highly enriched CD34⁺/CD38⁻ and CD34⁺/CD38⁺ stem- and progenitor cells in all patients examined. In unfractionated leukemic cells, submicromolar concentrations of JQ1 induced major growth-inhibitory effects (IC₅₀ 0.05-0.5 µM) in most samples, including cells derived from relapsed or refractory patients. In addition, JQ1 was found to induce apoptosis in CD34+/CD38⁻ and CD34⁺/CD38⁺ stem- and progenitor cells in all donors examined as evidenced by combined surface/Annexin-V staining. Moreover, we were able to show that JQ1 synergizes with ARA-C in inducing growth inhibition in AML cells. Together, the BRD4-targeting drug JQ1 exerts major anti-leukemic effects in a broad range of human AML subtypes, including relapsed and refractory patients and all relevant stem- and progenitor cell compartments, including CD34⁺/CD38⁻ and CD34⁺/CD38⁺ AML cells. These results characterize BRD4-inhibition as a promising new therapeutic approach in AML which should be further investigated in clinical trials.
In Situ Solid–Gas Reactivity of Nanoscaled Metal Borides from Molten Salt Synthesis (2017)

This document is the unedited Author's version of a Submitted Work that was subsequently accepted for publication in Inorganic Chemistry, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01279. <br><br>Deposited by shareyourpaper.org and openaccessbutton.org. We've taken reasonable steps to ensure this content doesn't violate copyright. However, if you think it does you can request a takedown by emailing help@openaccessbutton.org.
Suspended Group III-V Waveguides Integrated on Silicon Substrates for Mid-Infrared Photonics (2019)

We demonstrate wafer-scale integration of suspended $\text{A}1_{0.32}\text{Ga}_{0.68}\text{As}$ nanophotonic waveguides on silicon substrates. Micro-ring resonators are fabricated and measured at $\lambda=1545$ and 2305 nm, showing loaded quality factors of 740,000 and 450,000, respectively. © 2019 The Author(s)
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Styrenes Directed by 2′‐Hydroxyl Groups. (2011)

Abstract The reaction of leads to nearly complete enantioselectivities.
Photonic Crystals: The Road from Theory to Practice (2001)

Preface and Acknowledgements. 1: Photonic Crystals and Other Obscure Topics. 1.1. In the Beginning, There Was Maxwell. 1.2. Periodic Surprises. 1.3. Photonic Crystals. 1.4. Things to Come. 1.4.1. Intersecting Optical Pipes. 1.4.2. Photonic-Crystal Slabs. 1.4.3. A New Photonic Crystal. 1.4.4. So, You Want To Study Photonic Crystals? 2: Gaps & Maxwells Equations: A Whirlwind Tour. 2.1. Maxwells Equations. 2.2. Maxwell Meets Bloch & Floquet. 2.3. The Origin of the Photonic Band Gap. 2.4. Localized Defect States. 3: Elimination of Crosstalk in Perpendicular Waveguide Intersections. 3.1. Introduction. 3.2. Eliminating Crosstalk by Symmetry. 3.3. Intersecting Photonic-Crystal Waveguides. 3.4. Intersecting Conventional Waveguides. 3.5. Summary. 4: Guided Modes in Photonic-Crystal Slabs. 4.1. Introduction. 4.2. Computational Method. 4.3. Photonic-Crystal Slab Band Structures. 4.4. Effects of Slab Thickness. 4.5. Slabs with Solid Backgrounds (Sandwiches). 4.6. Slabs with Periodic Backgrounds. 4.7. Slabs with Symmetry-Breaking Backgrounds. 4.8. Summary. 5: Linear Waveguides in Photonic-Crystal Slabs. 5.1. Introduction. 5.2. Computational Method. 5.3. Reduced-Index Waveguides. 5.4. Increased-Index Waveguides. 5.5. Strip Waveguides in Photonic-Crystal Slabs. 5.6. Waveguides in Other Directions. 5.7. Estimating the Field Energy in the Dielectric. 5.8. Summary. 6: High-Q Cavities in Photonic-Crystal Slabs. 6.1. Introduction. 6.2. Computational Method. 6.3. Mode Delocalization. 6.4. Multipole Cancellation. 6.4.1. The Multipole Expansion for Radiation Fields. 6.4.2. A Multipole Cancellation in 2d. 6.4.3. A Multipole Cancellation in 3d. 6.5. Summary and Conclusions. 7: Layered Photonic Crystal with a Complete Three-dimensional Band Gap. 7.1. Introduction. 7.2. Other Photonic-Crystal Structures. 7.3. Characterizing the New Structure. 7.4. Possible Fabrication Methods. 7.5. Summary. 8: Block-iterative Frequency-Domain Methods for Maxwells Equations. 8.1. Introduction. 8.2. The Maxwell Eigen Problem. 8.2.1. The Choice of Basis. 8.2.2. Inversion Symmetry. 8.2.3. The Effective Dielectric Tensor. 8.2.4. Preconditioners. 8.3. Iterative Eigensolvers. 8.3.1. Conjugate-gradient Minimization of the Rayleigh Quotient. 8.3.2. The Davidson Method. 8.3.3. Interior Eigenvalues. 8.3.4. To Block or Not To Block? 8.3.5. Scaling. 8.4. Summary. 9: Concluding Remarks. 9.1. Looking Back. 9.2. Looking Forward. Index.
The Influence of σ and π Acceptors on Two‐Photon Absorption and Solvatochromism of Dipolar and Quadrupolar Unsaturated Organic Compounds (2003)

Two-photon absorption cross sections delta and solvatochromic properties were determined for a series of quadrupolar and dipolar compounds by using femtosecond excitation in the spectral range between 710 and 960 nm. The compounds investigated were distyrylbenzenes and polyenes bearing appropriate pi or sigma acceptors. The delta values for the centrosymmetric compounds trans, trans- 1,4-bis[2-(2',5'-dihexyloxy)phenylethenyl]-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzene (6), trans, trans-1,4-bis[2-(4'-dibutylamino)phenylethenyl]- 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzene (2), trans, trans-1,4-bis[2-(4'dimethylamino)phenylbutadienyl]- 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzene (7), trans,-trans-1,4-bis[2-(4'-dimethylamino)phenylethenyl]2,5- dicyanobenzene (4) and trans,trans-1,4-bis[2-(4'-dimethylamino)phenylethenyl]-2- propylsulfonyl-5-(2-ethylhexyl)sulfonylbenzene (3) are on the order of 600, 1400, 1700, 3000, and 4100 x 10(-50) cm4 s photon-1, respectively. The corresponding dipolar compounds trans-2-(4'- dimethylaminophenyl)ethenyl-2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobene (8), trans-4-(4'-dimethylaminophenyl)butadienyl-2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzene (9), trans-6-(4'-dimethylaminophenyl)hexatrienyl-2,3,4,5,6- pentafluorobenzene (10) were additionally investigated. All centrosymmtric compounds are good fluorescent materials, while the dipolar chromophores 8-10 exhibit low fluorescence quantum yields. Solvatochromism was also observed for the fluorophores 2-10 as a result of intramolecular charge transfer (ICT). Furthermore, a reasonable correlation was obtained between measured and calculated delta. Quantum chemical calculations were performed by using the INDO Hamiltonian with a MRDCI scheme. The results show that the sum over states (SOS) expression for the second hyperpolarizability gamma is appropriate to describe the mechanism of two-photon absorption. Mechanistic investigations of quadrupolar compounds showed that the energy of the two-photon excited state is higher than S1.
Calculation of load‐dependent equivalent circuit parameters of squirrel cage induction motors using time‐harmonic FEM (2010)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to define a time‐efficient numerical procedure for the extraction of load‐dependent equivalent circuit (EC) parameters of induction machines. The parameters are determined for every operating point, thus their variation due to skin effect and material saturation under arbitrary load condition is taken into consideration. Design/methodology/approach Two methods are presented and compared. The first one is based on the numerical simulation of the standard measurement process, yielding an EC with constant parameters. A time‐harmonic finite element analysis is applied in the second method to calculate the load‐dependent EC parameters. Material linearization and the superposition principle for the magnetic flux are employed to define the leakage inductances. Findings A distinct load dependence of all EC parameters has been proven as well as the clear disparity between stator and rotor leakage inductances. These effects can only be taken accurately into account by the EC obtained by the second numerical procedure proposed. Originality/value The presented method successfully overcomes typical problems of the measurement process and of the standard numerical procedure for EC parameter estimation, thus the obtained EC parameters are load‐dependent while the physical interpretation of the variables and parameters remains straightforward. Hence, the paper of the internal machine variables is enabled.
Cellular Uptake Behavior of Unfunctionalized and Functionalized PBCA Particles Prepared in a Miniemulsion (2007)

Fluorescent dye labeled unfunctionalized and functionalized poly(n-butylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles were prepared using a miniemulsion technique. Amino acid and methoxyPEG functionalization could be introduced by using aqueous solutions as an initiator for the anionic polymerization in the heterophase. All the particles prepared had sizes smaller than 250 nm and negative zeta-potentials. The molar mass distribution of the polymer was dependent on the acid used as the continuous phase and the initiator solution applied. Cells of three lines (HeLa, Jurkat and mesenchymal stem cells) were incubated with the particles. The molar mass of the polymer determined the onset and extent of apoptosis, and the total uptake was determined by the size and functionalization of the particles. Different uptake kinetics were obtained with HeLa and Jurkat cells after incubation with the same particle batch. The intracellular particle distribution, visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy, did not show significant differences for either of the cell lines or particle batches.