gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anti-endothelial cell antibodies in the sera of hyperprolactinemic women (1998)

Prolactin (PRL) is closely associated with autoimmune diseases in animal models and humans, and several disease-related autoantibodies were reported in increased titers in patients with hyperprolactinemia (HPRL). We studied the presence of anti-endothelial cell antibodies (AECA) and other autoantibodies in sera of female patients with HPRL. Sera from 25 HPRL patients and 10 healthy female controls were tested for AECA (against both macrovascular and microvascular endothelial cell antigens), anti-dsDNA, and anti-cardiolipin (anti-CL) using ELISA. Sera were considered positive for the autoantibody when the optical density (OD) value was more than 3 s.d. above the mean of the OD in normal controls. Sera from 13 patients were obtained repeatedly during dopaminergic anti-PRL treatment, to relate PRL level or anti-PRL treatment with the autoantibody levels. Elevated micro and/or macrovascular AECA were observed in sera from 19/25 patients (76%). Elevated titers of anti-CL Abs, all beta2-GPI-dependent, and low levels of anti-dsDNA antibodies (Abs) were also observed in the HPRL patients. Inhibition studies showed that the affinity purified AECAs bound the endothelial cell (EC) antigens in a dose-dependent manner. Titers of AECA as well as anti-DNA and anti-CL autoantibodies did not correlate with PRL level nor with the use or duration of anti-PRL treatment. None of the HPRL patients presented clinical manifestations of autoimmune disease. We conclude that elevated levels of AECA as well as anti-DNA and anti-CL autoantibodies are frequent in hyperprolactinemia. Our results further support the association of PRL and autoimmunity, and may point to a relationship between AECA-associated diseases and HRPL. The presence of autoantibodies in patients with HPRL might portend an increased risk for future development of autoimmune disease.
Vaccine induction of CD4-mimicking broadly neutralizing antibody precursors in macaques (2023)

SUMMARY The CD4 binding site (CD4bs) is a conserved epitope on HIV-1 envelope (Env) that can be targeted by protective broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). HIV-1 vaccines have not elicited CD4bs bnAbs for many reasons, including the CD4bs is occluded by glycans, immunogen expansion of appropriate naïve B cells, and selection of functional antibody mutations. Here, we demonstrate immunization of macaques with a CD4bs-targeting immunogen elicits neutralizing bnAb precursors with structural and genetic features of CD4-mimicking bnAbs. Structures of the CD4bs nAbs bound to HIV-1 Env demonstrated binding angles similar to human bnAbs and heavy chain second complementarity determining region-dependent binding characteristic of all known human CD4-mimicking bnAbs. Macaque nAbs were derived from variable and joining gene segments orthologous to the genes of human V H 1-46-class bnAbs. This vaccine study initiated the B cells from which derive CD4bs bnAbs in primates, accomplishing the key first step in development of an effective HIV-1 vaccine.
A Study of a Small Nuclear Power Plant System for District Heating (2009)

We have studied nuclear power plant for district heating. Already some towns and villages in Hokkaido have requested small reactor for district heating. Using existing technology allows us to shorten development period and to keep a lid on development cost. We decided to develop new reactor based on “MUTSU” reactor technology because “MUTSU” had already proved its safety. And this reactor was boron free reactor. It allows plant system to reduce the chemical control system. And moderator temperature coefficient is deeply negative. It means to improve its operability and leads to dependability enhancement. We calculated burn-up calculation of erbium addition fuel. In the result, the core life became about 10 years. And we adapt the cassette type refueling during outage in order to maintain nonproliferation. In the district heating system, a double heat exchanger system enables to response to load change in season. To obtain the acceptance of public, this system has a leak prevention system of radioactive materials to public. And road heating system of low grade heat utilization from turbine condenser leads to improve the heat utilization efficiency. We carried out performance evaluation test of district heating pipeline. Then the heat loss of pipeline is estimated at about 0.440 °C/km. This result meets general condition, which is about 1 °C/km. This small plant has passive safety system. It is natural cooling of containment vessel. In case of loss of coolant accident, decay heat can remove by natural convection air cooling after 6 hours. Decay heat within 6 hours can remove by evaporative heat transfer of pool on containment vessel.
Bio-Copolyesters of Poly(butylene succinate)(PBS) Containing Long Chain Bio-Based Glycol (2019)

&lt;p&gt;Poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) is a thermoplastic and biodegradable polyester characterized by high rigidity due to its high crystallinity. However, the use of long chain biobased monomers to produce segmented copolymers is an effective strategy to tailor the properties of PBS, such as greater flexibility. In this paper, a series of aliphatic bio-copolyesters of poly(butylene succinate-dilinoleic succinate) (PBS-DLS) were successfully synthesized &lt;i&gt;via &lt;/i&gt;a direct two-step polycondensation method using a semi-pilot scale reactor for melt polymerization and titanium dioxide/silicon dioxide coprecipitate catalyst (C-94). In this study, the thermal and mechanical properties were investigated and compared, focusing on the effect of varying the amount of biobased dilinoleic diol in the structure. With increasing amount of long chain diol, a decrease in molecular weight, density, and melt flow index was observed. The semicrystalline nature of the copolymers was confirmed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) methods. These copolymers exhibit two main transition temperatures and vary in softness and processing flexibility. Furthermore, in the DSC data a linear trend was observed with increasing wt.% of hard PBS segments, which can be described by the Gordon-Taylor equation. Increasing the soft DLS segment content in the copolymer series resulted in an increase in the elastic behavior of the polymers. The broad range of crystallization temperatures and melt flow index values indicates that a polyester library with customizable properties that spans PBS applications has been successfully obtained.&lt;/p&gt;
Quantitative and Functional Expression of Somatostatin Receptor Subtypes in Human Prolactinomas1 (1999)

Recently, it was demonstrated that somatostatin analogs preferential for the SSTR5 subtype suppress PRL release from prolactinoma cell cultures by 30-40%. These data supported the idea of somatostatin receptor subtype-specific control of PRL secretion in such tumors. The present study examines the quantitative profile of SSTRs messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) in 10 PRL-secreting tumors and correlates the expression with the ability of native somatostatins (SS14 and SS28), SSTR2 preferential analogs (octreotide and BIM-23197), and the SSTR5 preferential analog BIM-23268 to suppress PRL secretion. RT-PCR quantitative analysis showed a large predominance of SSTR5 mRNA [5648 +/- 1918 pg/pg glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH)] vs. SSTR2 mRNA (148 +/- 83 pg/pg GAPDH). The SSTR1 transcript was also highly expressed in prolactinomas (1296 +/- 669 pg/pg GAPDH). SSTR5 mRNA expression correlated with PRL inhibition induced by both SRIF14 and SRIF28. Among the different analogs tested, only BIM-23268 produced inhibition of PRL release similar to that achieved with the native peptides. Its EC50 for PRL suppression was 0.28 +/- 0.10 nmol/L. No additive effects on PRL suppression were achieved by cotreatment of the tumor cells with SSTR2 and SSTR5 preferential analogs. In the same tumor cell cultures, quinagolide, a potent dopamine agonist, produced a dose-dependent inhibition of PRL with an EC50 at least 10 times lower than that of BIM-23268. Coincubation of quinagolide and BIM-23268, particularly in tumor cells resistant to dopamine agonist treatment, did not produce additive effects on PRL suppression. In conclusion, prolactinomas have a specific pattern of SSTR subtype mRNA expression (SSTR5 and SSTR1). SSTR5 expression is correlated to PRL regulation. These inhibitory effects are superimposable, at a higher concentration, to those of the dopamine agonists, but are not additive, particularly in the adenomas resistant to dopaminergic suppression of PRL release.
Analysis of the intergenic sequences provided by Feria-Arroyo et al. does not support the claim of high Borrelia burgdorferi tick infection rates in Texas and northeastern Mexico (2014)

Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is one of the neglected tropical diseases targeted for global elimination by 2020 and to guide elimination efforts countries have, in recent years, conducted extensive mapping surveys. Documenting the past and present distribution of LF and its environmental limits is important for a number of reasons. Here, we present an initiative to develop a global atlas of LF and present a new global map of the limits of LF transmission.
A microprogrammable VLSI routing controller for HARTS (2003)

The design and implementation of a VLSI routing controller for use in the Hexagonal Architecture for Real-Time Systems (HARTS), which is currently being built, are presented. The routing controller is a microprogrammed unit designed to function as an intelligent front-end interface for the interconnection network. Unlike other routine controllers known to date, this routing controller allows for the flexibility to investigate several low-level routing algorithms by downloading the appropriate microcode into the routing controller. The design was carried out using the combination of Seattle Silicon Technology's silicon compiler and Mentor Graphic's schematic capture and simulation tools. The implementation is targeted for a 64-pin package using a 1.2- mu m CMOS process.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
End-to-End Binaural Speech Synthesis (2022)

In this work, we present an end-to-end binaural speech synthesis system that combines a low-bitrate audio codec with a powerful binaural decoder that is capable of accurate speech binauralization while faithfully reconstructing environmental factors like ambient noise or reverb.The network is a modified vectorquantized variational autoencoder, trained with several carefully designed objectives, including an adversarial loss.We evaluate the proposed system on an internal binaural dataset with objective metrics and a perceptual study.Results show that the proposed approach matches the ground truth data more closely than previous methods.In particular, we demonstrate the capability of the adversarial loss in capturing environment effects needed to create an authentic auditory scene.
Nuclear factor‐κB, induced in human carcinoma cell line A2780 by the new anthracycline men 10755, is devoid of transcriptional activity (2002)

The new disaccharide anthracycline MEN 10755 induces activation of both NF-kappaB and p53 transcription factors in A2780 cells. Nevertheless, pharmacologic inhibition of NF-kappaB activation does not modify the sensitivity of A2780 cells to MEN 10755 treatment. To better characterize the role of NF-kappaB in MEN 10755-induced cytotoxicity, we analyzed the expression of a number of genes that are known to be regulated by NF-kappaB. None of these genes is modified by MEN 10755 treatment. On the contrary, our results suggest that the p53 DNA damage-responsive pathway is fully activated in A2780 cells, several genes controlled by p53 being up- or downregulated according to the described action of p53 on their promoters. Thus, in the A2780 cell line, the role of p53 in transducing the DNA-damage signal appears to be relevant, whereas NF-kappaB, although activated, appears to be nonfunctional. Other human carcinoma cell lines besides A2780 activate NF-kappaB DNA binding in response to MEN 10755 treatment, but again, this binding does not always lead to target gene activation. These results suggest that other factors, tumor type-specific and different from mere activation, could influence NF-kappaB transcriptional activity. Therefore, care should be taken when considering the pharmacologic inhibition of NF-kappaB as a means to improve anticancer therapy efficacy.
Molecular, immunological, and biological characterization of a toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive strain of Clostridium difficile (1992)

A cytotoxigenic Clostridium difficile strain that fails to produce toxin A but causes hemorrhage and bloody fluid accumulation in ligated ileal loops of rabbits and hemorrhage and diarrhea in hamsters is described. The lack of reaction of DNA from this strain in hybridization studies with a toxin A gene-specific 4.5-kb probe and polymerase chain reaction studies with six toxin A-specific primers indicate the absence of the toxin A gene. The cytotoxin produced by this strain was not responsible for the enterotoxic or hemorrhagic activity and shared characteristics with toxin B, i.e., its cytotoxicity was neutralized by antibodies to toxigenic strains of C. difficile and Clostridium sordellii. Polymerase chain reaction studies with toxin B-specific primers showed that the DNA from this strain produced a 690-bp product in addition to the expected 591-bp product.
[Long-term collagenous sprue--remission with a gluten-free diet]. (1999)

We report on a 56-year-old caucasian female, 154 cm, 38 kg, who was admitted to the hospital in extremely poor, cachectic condition with pretibial edemas, ascites and pleural effusion with a history of severe watery diarrhea up to 15 times daily. The patient's history with permanent meteorism, recurrent episodes of watery diarrhea and dystrophy dates back to her early childhood. Multiple biopsies from the distal part of the duodenum showed a complete atrophy of villi with an extensive subepithelial layer of collagenous fibers. No antigliadin or antiendomysial antibodies could be detected. Under a strictly gluten-free diet, the patient's symptoms quickly improved. During the follow-up of one year, no recurrence of diarrhea and meteorism has been seen. The patient showed a continuous improvement of her general condition and nutritional state with a weight gain to 50 kg. Repeated control biopsies still revealed a pronounced villous atrophy. However, no subepithelial collagenous fibers were detectable. A diagnosis fitting to the patient's clinical symptoms of severe malabsorption, would be the rare "collagenous sprue", which is considered to be gluten-insensitive. However, the patient's good response to a gluten-free diet raises the possibility, that the collagenous layer represents a manifestation of more severe forms of common celiac disease. In this case, it would not be necessary to regard collagenous sprue as a distinct entity.
A Wide-Area, Low-Latency, and Power-Efficient 6-DoF Pose Tracking System for Rigid Objects (2022)

Position sensitive detectors (PSDs) offer possibility to track single active marker’s two (or three) degrees of freedom (DoF) position with a high accuracy, while having a fast response time with high update frequency and low latency, all using a very simple signal processing circuit. However they are not particularly suitable for 6-DoF object pose tracking system due to lack of orientation measurement, limited tracking range, and sensitivity to environmental variation. We propose a novel 6-DoF pose tracking system for a rigid object tracking requiring a single active marker. The proposed system uses a stereo-based PSD pair and multiple Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs). This is done based on a practical approach to identify and control the power of Infrared-Light Emitting Diode (IR-LED) active markers, with an aim to increase the tracking work space and reduce the power consumption. Our proposed tracking system is validated with three different work space sizes and for static and dynamic positional accuracy using robotic arm manipulator with three different dynamic motion patterns. Results demonstrate that the static position accuracy root-mean-square (RMS) error is <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.6~ {{mm}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.22~ {{mm}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> precision RMS error) at the mid range of the workspace and <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.3 ~{{mm}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.44~ {{mm}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> precision RMS error) at the largest workspace. The dynamic position RMS error is 0.7- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.9 ~{{mm}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> . The orientation RMS error is between 0.04° and 0.9° at varied dynamic motion. Overall, our proposed tracking system is capable of tracking a rigid object pose with sub-millimeter accuracy at the mid range of the work space and sub-degree accuracy for all work space under a lab setting.
Thermal analysis of multi-layer functional 3D logic stacks (2016)

3D chip stacking technology has the potential to enable increased system performance through integration of heterogeneous system components, such as accelerators and high density memory, as well as through increased area for tightly integrated processor components in multi-core systems. This paper describes the design, measurements and a thermal modeling methodology used to achieve accurate 3D thermal model-to-hardware correlation for two and three layer 3D high-power “logic” stacks.
Measurement of CP asymmetry in $D^0 \to K^0_S K^0_S$ decays (2021)

A measurement of the $CP$ asymmetry in ${D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}_{\mathrm{S}}^{0}{K}_{\mathrm{S}}^{0}$ decays is reported, based on a data sample of proton-proton collisions collected by the LHCb experiment from 2015 to 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $6\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. The flavor of the ${D}^{0}$ candidate is determined using the charge of the ${D}^{*\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$ meson, from which the decay is required to originate. The ${D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{+}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ decay is used as a calibration channel. The time-integrated $CP$ asymmetry for the ${D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}_{\mathrm{S}}^{0}{K}_{\mathrm{S}}^{0}$ mode is measured to be ${\mathcal{A}}^{CP}({D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}_{\mathrm{S}}^{0}{K}_{\mathrm{S}}^{0})=(\ensuremath{-}3.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.4\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.2)$, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third is due to the uncertainty on the $CP$ asymmetry of the calibration channel. This is the most precise determination of this quantity to date.
Mechanical properties of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) particles (2019)

A nanoindenter was used to compress individual particles of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) ranging in diameter from 290 nm to 780 nm. The colloidal synthesis used to produce the particles enables the hydrogen content to be manipulated over a wide range, from about 5 at. % to 50 at. %, making these a-Si:H particles promising for applications in lithium ion batteries, hydrogen storage, and optical metamaterials. Force-displacement curves generated using a tungsten probe flattened with focused ion beam exhibited elastic and then plastic deformations, followed by fracture and crushing of the particles. For particles with 5% and 50% H, Young's moduli, yield strengths, and compressive strengths were 73.5(±19.5) GPa, 5.8 GPa, and 3.2(±0.1)–9.3(±0.6) GPa and 31.2(±9.0) GPa, 2.5 GPa, and 1.8 (±0.3)–5.3(±0.8) GPa, respectively. Particles with more hydrogen were significantly more compliant and weaker. This is consistent with atomistically detailed molecular dynamics simulations, which revealed compression forms of an interphase of H atom clusters that weakens the material.
CoRRECT: A Deep Unfolding Framework for Motion-Corrected Quantitative R2* Mapping (2022)

Quantitative MRI (qMRI) refers to a class of MRI methods for quantifying the spatial distribution of biological tissue parameters. Traditional qMRI methods usually deal separately with artifacts arising from accelerated data acquisition, involuntary physical motion, and magnetic-field inhomogeneities, leading to suboptimal end-to-end performance. This paper presents CoRRECT, a unified deep unfolding (DU) framework for qMRI consisting of a model-based end-to-end neural network, a method for motion-artifact reduction, and a self-supervised learning scheme. The network is trained to produce R2* maps whose k-space data matches the real data by also accounting for motion and field inhomogeneities. When deployed, CoRRECT only uses the k-space data without any pre-computed parameters for motion or inhomogeneity correction. Our results on experimentally collected multi-Gradient-Recalled Echo (mGRE) MRI data show that CoRRECT recovers motion and inhomogeneity artifact-free R2* maps in highly accelerated acquisition settings. This work opens the door to DU methods that can integrate physical measurement models, biophysical signal models, and learned prior models for high-quality qMRI.
African‐American race is a predictor of prostate cancer detection: incorporation into a pre‐biopsy nomogram (2006)

AA race remains an independent predictor of prostate cancer detection in men undergoing initial prostate biopsy. This nomogram is the first to individualise the risk by AA or Caucasian race in a predictive model for counselling men on their probability of having cancer at the time of their first biopsy.
A 4-Mbit trench DRAM technology functional test manufacturing/characterization strategy (2002)

The authors discuss a 4-Mb substrate-plate-trench (SPT) DRAM (dynamic random access memory) technology applying an innovative manufacturing test strategy using the technology product chip, an addressable diagnostic monitor (ADM), and trench DC macroarray test structures. This manufacturing functional test strategy is effective in achieving process optimization, defect characterization, and high retention yield in a DRAM trench technology. Examples of the strategy's application in various situations and at different development stages are shown.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>