gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
(Invited) Advanced Dielectrics Targeting 2X DRAM MIM Capacitors (2013)

Reducing the equivalent oxide thickness below 0.45 nm at low leakage current density of 10 -7 A/cm 2 at ± 1V is required for DRAM MIM capacitors for the 2X node. This can be achieved using a bi-layer stack TiO 2 /Sr rich STO (62%), which is converted into a STO layer having 54% Sr content after crystallization anneal. The impact of TiO 2 content in the initial bi-layer on the grain morphology and electrical properties of the final stack was studied. An optimal TiO 2 thickness range was identified, correlated with the grain size. Ti richer STO results in a larger amount of nano-cracks and higher leakage current. The electrode/STO interface is critical in reducing the leakage current. In this regard, Ru has shown improved properties as compared to TiN. Moreover, Sr diffusion into Ru identified by SIMS measurements seems to have a beneficial effect on improving the interface and electrical properties.
Short Queries, Natural Language and Spoken Document Retrieval: Experiments at Glasgow University. (1997)

This paper contains a description of the methodology and results of the three TREC submissions made by the Glasgow IR group (glair). In addition to submitting to the ad hoc task, submissions were also made to NLP track and to the SDR speech `pre-track&amp;apos;. Results from our submissions reveal that some of our approaches have performed poorly (i.e. ad hoc and NLP track), but we have also had success particularly in the speech track through use of transcript merging. We also highlight and discuss a seemingly unusual result where retrieval based on the very short versions of the TREC ad hoc queries produced better retrieval effectiveness than retrieval based on more `normal&amp;apos; length queries. 1 Introduction This paper contains a description of the methodology and results of the ad hoc, NLP, and SDR submissions made by the Glasgow IR group (glair) to this year&amp;apos;s TREC. The only common factor between the submissions is their Supported by a &amp;quot;Marie Curie&amp;quot; Research Fellowship from the European Un...
A fast readout circuit for an organic vertical nano-junction sensor (2016)

A fast mixed-signal readout circuit for high sensitivity organic vertical nano-junctions (VNJ) ammonia sensor detection is proposed in this study. Accompanying with the ammonia sensor, a low power, fast response and high resolution readout circuit is designed and successfully taped-out in this study. The analog front-end circuit includes a pre-amplifier, a sample and hold (S/H) circuit, a differential current, a pulse width modulation (PWM) circuit, an automatically sensing and reset (S/R) circuit. The digital back-end is realized by cell-based technology to compute and display concentration values instantaneously. The chip is fabricated by the TSMC 0.18-μm 1P6M 3.3V mixed-signal CMOS process technique for verification. The chip area is 1.5 × 1.6 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> while power consumption is 3.2 mW. Experiment results show a strong linear relationship exists between differential S/R output slope and the gas concentration level in a logarithm scale, which is critically beneficial to sensor design. In results, the readout circuit has fast responses, 50 seconds, based on the auto-sensing circuit catching different slope coefficient of the signal in transient time. The resolution is 70.48mV/log(ppm) while error rate, average noise and detection rate reliability are 2.86%, 123 μVrms, and 99.6%, respectively. This chip could be suitable for applications in cars, cell phones, watches, etc.
Cluster expansion methods from physical concepts (2022)

The cluster expansion formalism used in materials science is reconstructed on an axiomatic basis with the aims of clarifying underlying concepts and improving computational procedures, and without using conventional cluster functions. Instead, cluster components of configuration functions are defined in an intrinsic manner, which can be viewed as Moebius inversion of conditional expectation. The associated method for fitting a model to a configurational sample is grounded entirely in Hilbert space geometry. By constructing models directly from the given data, we avoid an underdetermination problem to which the conventional approach is subject. Tensor observables are treated on an equal footing with scalar observables.
Genomic hybridization of bovine class II major histocompatibility genes: 2. Polymorphism of DR genes and linkage disequilibrium in the DQ‐DR region (1986)

Class II genes of the bovine major histocompatibility complex have been investigated by Southern blot analysis using human cDNA probes for DQ alpha, DQ beta, DR alpha and DR beta. In this report restriction fragment length polymorphisms of DR alpha and DR beta are described. The polymorphisms were interpreted genetically by analysing five paternal half-sib families of the Swedish Red and White Breed, comprising altogether 28 offspring. Using the restriction enzymes BamHI, EcoRI and PvuII, three DR alpha and three DR beta allelic fragment patterns were resolved. The DR alpha and DR beta genes thus appear to be much less polymorphic than the previously described DQ alpha and DQ beta genes. Also, the observed linkage disequilibrium between DR genes was less pronounced than that between DQ genes, whereas the association between DR and DQ haplotypes was very strong. The family data available indicated strongly that the DQ alpha, DQ beta, DR alpha and DR beta genes are all closely linked.
6.0-Inch Extended Graphics Array Reflective Liquid Crystal Display Using Oxide Semiconductor Thin Film Transistors for Electronic Paper Display (2011)

We focused on the off-state current (Ioff) of oxide semiconductor thin film transistors (TFT) (In–Ga–Zn-oxide TFTs), which is lower than that of amorphous silicon TFTs and successfully made a prototype of a 6.0-in. extended graphics array (XGA) reflective liquid crystal display (RLCD) panel integrally including a data selection demultiplexer and a scan driver and capable of displaying still images at 1/180 fps. When still images are displayed, the frame frequency can be set low. This means that the frequency of rewrites of image data is markedly reduced. This leads to the reduction in the power consumption of an LCD panel. Our panel can solve the problems of electronic paper displays: high drive voltage and difficulty of displaying moving images. Thus, our panel is suitable for electronic paper displays.
Routing architecture optimizations for high-density embedded programmable IP cores (2005)

Programmable logic cores differ from stand-alone field-programmable gate arrays in that they can take on a variety of shapes and sizes. With this in mind, we investigate the detailed routing architecture of rectangular programmable logic cores. We quantify the effects of having different X and Y channel capacities and show that the optimum ratio between the X and Y channel widths for a rectangular core is between 1.2 and 1.5. We also present a new switch block family optimized for rectangular cores. Further, we quantify the effects of logic block pin placement. Compared with a simple extension of an existing switch block, our new architecture leads to a density improvement of up to 11.9%. Finally, we show that, if the channel width, switch block, and pin placement are chosen carefully, then the penalty for using a rectangular core (compared to a square core with the same logic capacity) is small; for a core with an aspect ratio of 2:1, the area penalty is 1.6% and the speed penalty is 3.8%.
Highly efficient catalase activity of metallocorroles (2010)

The iron(iii) complex of a bipolar and amphiphilic corrole, which binds strongly to proteins and undergoes protein-mediated cellular uptake, catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide faster (k(cat) = 6400 M(-1) s(-1)) and more efficiently (turnover frequency >120 s(-1)) than previously reported synthetic compounds with catalase-like activity.
Energy Transfer Quenching of Porous Si Photoluminescence by Aromatic Molecules (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnergy Transfer Quenching of Porous Si Photoluminescence by Aromatic MoleculesDiana L. Fisher, Jessica Harper, and Michael J. SailorCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 29, 7846–7847Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00134a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00134a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views270Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
High‐efficiency yellow light‐emitting diodes grown on sapphire (0001) substrates (2014)

Abstract High‐efficiency yellow InGaN‐based light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) were grown by metal‐organic chemical vapor deposition on conventional c‐plane sapphire (0001) substrates. Optimization of the growth temperature of barrier layers eliminated surface inclusions and resulted in improved output properties of the fabricated yellow LEDs. They exhibited a high output power of 8.4 mW and external quantum efficiency of 19.3% for yellow light (570 nm) at an injection direct current of 20 mA. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Packaging technology of power module for automotive applications (2017)

The number of in-vehicle power devices has been increasingly for motor controlling purposes. Power device packages should ideally be small and easy to mount. We have developed a small power module by assembling several power devices sealed with molding resin. Two new techniques were used to produce this module: one was the use of copper clips for high-current wiring, and the other was low-cost soldering using residue-free solder paste. This paper describes the features of the structure that uses copper clips, a soldering technique and process employing a newly developed soldering material, and the reliability of solder joints implemented with this material.
Synthetic Non‐Peptide Mimetics of α‐Helices (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
CONCERTO at APEX: Installation and first phase of on-sky commissioning (2021)

CONCERTO (CarbON CII line in post-rEionisation and ReionisaTiOn) is a large field-of-view (FoV) spectro-imager that has been installed on the Cassegrain Cabin of Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment (APEX) telescope in April 2021. CONCERTO hosts 2 focal planes and a total number of 4000 Kinetic Inductance Detectors (KID), with an instantaneous FoV of 18.6 arcminutes in the range of 130-310 GHz. The spectral resolution can be easily tuned down to 1 GHz depending on the scientific target. The scientific program of CONCERTO has many objectives, with two main programs focused on mapping the fluctuations of the [CII] line intensity in the reionisation and post-reionisation epoch (4.5
Nonlinear interference of two successive coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering signals for the biological imaging applications (2006)

Nonlinear interference of two successively generated coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) signals from thin glass slabs is demonstrated, in which a collinear phase matching geometry is tried. We used 76 MHz mode-locked Nd:YAG pulsed laser at 1064 nm and its frequency-doubled optical parametric down-converted signal at 817.2 nm as Stokes and pump beams, respectively. The pulse duration time is around 7 ps for both incident laser beams. The relative phase of two CARS signals is controlled by a phase shifting element made of dispersive glass material of which thickness can be varied. The clear interference fringes are observed as the thickness of the phase shifting element changes. The interference effect is utilized to achieve better CARS image quality. We first try imaging the polystyrene beads immersed in water to estimate how the nonlinear interference could improve the contrast of the beads image. Performing the raster scan of the laser beams on the sample, we can get the CARS image and investigate the image quality as a function of the relative phase and amplitude.
Biomechanical Engineering—Year in Review (2013)

In Feb. 1977, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) initiated a new journal to reflect the new field of biomechanical engineering—hence, the origins of the Journal of Biomechanical Engineering. As laid out in the opening comments by the Founding Editor, Dr. John A. Brighton, the objective of the Journal was to serve as an excellent forum for the literature in biomechanical engineering. At that time, biomechanical engineering was very much device- and applications-oriented and equally concerned with seeking new understanding of the behavior of living systems. Thus, the Journal included topics on design of new devices, research for establishing fundamental system behavior, application of known methods to new concerns in the field of health care, and simulation of systems to obtain a better understanding of system behavior. In the subsequent thirty-five years of publication, these fundamental tenets have largely remained intact. More importantly, there has also been tremendous growth in the field and a virtual explosion of activity: from new academic departments and programs, major research activities, and a new National Institutes of Health (NIH) institute, to name but a few major points. Anyone working in the field, either in academia, government, or private industry needs to be able to stay on top of the field. While there are several major publications dedicated to reviewing the broad field of bioengineering, none yet focus on specific trends in biomechanical engineering. We also seek to recognize the tradition that the Summer Bioengineering Conference (SBC) has in presenting state-of-the-art work, in particular by the Society Level Awards. Finally, we are very proud of our students and their contributions to the field, so a venue that promotes their fine work is clearly required.It is for these reasons that we present the first annual special issue as a means to highlight important advancements in biomechanical engineering and the annual Summer Bioengineering Conference (SBC). The first part of the issue will present invited papers from the annual BED awardees and the student paper winners from the SBC annual meeting. In the second section, we highlight major trends in biomechanical engineering by invited papers and reviews as well as recognize a legacy paper to recognize early contributions to the field. We hope you will enjoy this special issue.
Two-dimensional orthoglide mechanism for revealing areflexive human arm mechanical properties (2015)

The most accurate and dependable approach to the in-vivo identification of human limb stiffness is by position perturbation. Moving the limb over a small distance and measuring the effective force gives, when states are steady, direct information about said stiffness. However, existing manipulandi are comparatively slow and/or not very stiff, such that a lumped stiffness is measured. This lumped stiffness includes the limb response during or after reflexes influenced by both, the passive musculotendon and active neuronal component. As this approach usually leads to inconsistencies between the data and the stiffness model, we argue in favour of fast, pre-reflex impedance measurements-i.e., completing the perturbation movement and collecting the data before effects of spinal reflexes or even from the motor cortex can influence the measurements. To obtain such fast planar movements, we constructed a dedicated orthoglide robot while focusing on a lightweight and stiff design. Our subject study of a force task with this device lead to very clean data with always positive definite Cartesian stiffness matrices. By representing them as ellipses, we found them to be substantially bigger in comparison to standard literature which we address to a larger number of recruited motor units. While ellipses orientation and the length of their main axis increased, the shape decreased with the exerted force. The device will be used to derive design criteria for variable-stiffness robots, and to investigate the relation between muscular activity and areflexive joint stiffness for teleoperational approaches.
Noisy Student-Teacher Training for Robust Keyword Spotting (2021)

We propose self-training with noisy student-teacher approach for streaming keyword spotting, that can utilize large-scale unlabeled data and aggressive data augmentation. The proposed method applies aggressive data augmentation (spectral augmentation) on the input of both student and teacher and utilize unlabeled data at scale, which significantly boosts the accuracy of student against challenging conditions. Such aggressive augmentation usually degrades model performance when used with supervised training with hard-labeled data. Experiments show that aggressive spec augmentation on baseline supervised training method degrades accuracy, while the proposed self-training with noisy student-teacher training improves accuracy of some difficult-conditioned test sets by as much as 60%.
340 Tlr8 activation in neutrophils impairs immune complex phagocytosis through furin-dependent shedding of fcgriia (2017)

<h3>Background and aims</h3> Neutrophils play a crucial role in host defense through mechanisms including phagocytosis and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), a recently identified neutrophil cell death process in which DNA is extruded together with cytoplasmic and granular content to trap and eliminate extracellular pathogens. Although beneficial from a host-pathogen perspective, exaggerated neutrophil activation has been linked to autoimmunity, in particular the rheumatic disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) where nucleic acid-containing immune complexes (IC) drive inflammation. Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, such as nucleic acids, are important components of pathogens, enabling enhanced phagocytosis by macrophages and dendritic cells, but the role of TLR signalling in processing of SLE ICs and downstream inflammatory neutrophil effector functions is not known. <h3>Methods</h3> Standard Methods. <h3>Results</h3> We observed that both FcgR- and TLR8-engagement were required for induction of NETosis, whereas TLR8 activation, through the RNA component of the ICs, suppressed further IC-mediated phagocytosis. Mechanistically, TLR8 ligation induced PI3K-dependent ROS generation through NADPH oxidase, and subsequent furin-dependent proteolytic cleavage of the N-terminal part of FcgRIIA shifting neutrophils away from phagocytosis of ICs toward NETosis. TLR8 activated neutrophils promoted cleavage of FcgRIIA also on plasmacytoid dendritic cells and monocytes resulting in impaired overall clearance of ICs and increased complement C5a generation. Importantly<i>, ex vivo</i> derived activated neutrophils from SLE patients demonstrated a similar cleavage of FcgRIIA that was correlated with markers of disease activity as well as complement activation. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Therapeutic approaches aimed at blocking TLR8 activation would be predicted to increase phagocytosis of circulating ICs while disarming their inflammatory potential.
Model-Based Comparison of the Normal and Fontan Circulatory Systems (2014)

Even with >200 model parameters, once we identified an acceptable set of values for the normal, only 12 required modification in order to attain clinically plausible hemodynamics in the HLHS after Fontan. When placed within the broad context of our extensive model, the impact on cardiac output of the resistance of the total cavopulmonary connection is found to be significantly affected by ventricular elastance and to be much lower in the two-year-old than in patients with markedly lower end-diastolic elastance (higher end-diastolic compliance).
Fast and accurate aberration estimation from 3D bead images using convolutional neural networks (2020)

Estimating optical aberrations from volumetric intensity images is a key step in sensorless adaptive optics for microscopy. Here we describe a method (PHASENET) for fast and accurate aberration measurement from experimentally acquired 3D bead images using convolutional neural networks. Importantly, we show that networks trained only on synthetically generated data can successfully predict aberrations from experimental images. We demonstrate our approach on two data sets acquired with different microscopy modalities and find that PHASENET yields results better than or comparable to classical methods while being orders of magnitude faster. We furthermore show that the number of focal planes required for satisfactory prediction is related to different symmetry groups of Zernike modes. PHASENET is freely available as open-source software in Python.
Development of an MPEG2 decoder for magneto-optical disk video players (1995)

A decoder circuit has been developed which reads out and decompresses high-definition video images recorded on the magneto-optical disk by MPEG2 compression.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>