gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Saliva protein biomarkers to detect oral squamous cell carcinoma in a high-risk population in Taiwan (2016)

Most cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) develop from visible oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). The latter exhibit heterogeneous subtypes with different transformation potentials, complicating the early detection of OSCC during routine visual oral cancer screenings. To develop clinically applicable biomarkers, we collected saliva samples from 96 healthy controls, 103 low-risk OPMDs, 130 high-risk OPMDs, and 131 OSCC subjects. These individuals were enrolled in Taiwan's Oral Cancer Screening Program. We identified 302 protein biomarkers reported in the literature and/or through in-house studies and prioritized 49 proteins for quantification in the saliva samples using multiple reaction monitoring-MS. Twenty-eight proteins were successfully quantified with high confidence. The quantification data from non-OSCC subjects (healthy controls + low-risk OPMDs) and OSCC subjects in the training set were subjected to classification and regression tree analyses, through which we generated a four-protein panel consisting of MMP1, KNG1, ANXA2, and HSPA5. A risk-score scheme was established, and the panel showed high sensitivity (87.5%) and specificity (80.5%) in the test set to distinguish OSCC samples from non-OSCC samples. The risk score >0.4 detected 84% (42/50) of the stage I OSCCs and a significant portion (42%) of the high-risk OPMDs. Moreover, among 88 high-risk OPMD patients with available follow-up results, 18 developed OSCC within 5 y; of them, 77.8% (14/18) had risk scores >0.4. Our four-protein panel may therefore offer a clinically effective tool for detecting OSCC and monitoring high-risk OPMDs through a readily available biofluid.
[The diagnostic value of growth charts]. (1978)

A review. The author present understanding of the Froehlich polaron with emphasis on the response properties, in particular optical absorption is described. [on SciFinder (R)]
On using relays with carrier aggregation for planning 5G networks supporting M2M traffic (2014)

In this paper, the joint use of carrier aggregation (CA) and relay stations (RSs) to support machine-to-machine (M2M) traffic in 5G networks is investigated. The focus of the paper is mainly on fixed M2M devices, periodically transmitting fixed amounts of data (e.g. sensor measurements). With this type of devices, knowing the deployment density in a given area allows to plan the cellular network accordingly, by determining the number of needed RSs, and the number of wireless channels that should be used by each RS to schedule M2M transmissions. Thus, after presenting an LTE resource allocation algorithm suitable for the investigated M2M devices, numerical evaluations are presented to determine the number of M2M devices that can be served given the available bandwidth. Then, a detailed analysis is presented to determine the number of RSs required depending on the M2M device density, the use of CA, and frequency reuse.
Optimal state estimation for discrete-time Markovian Jump Linear Systems, in the presence of delayed mode observations (2008)

In this paper, we investigate an optimal state estimation problem for Markovian Jump Linear Systems. We consider that the state has two components: the first component of the state is finite valued and is denoted as mode, while the second (continuous) component is in a finite dimensional Euclidean space. The continuous state is driven by a deterministic control input and a zero mean, white and Gaussian process noise. The observable output has two components: the first is the mode delayed by a fixed amount and the second is a linear combination of the continuous state observed in zero mean white Gaussian noise. Our paradigm is to design optimal estimators for the current state, given the current output observation. We provide a solution to this paradigm by giving a recursive estimator of the continuous state, in the minimum mean square sense, and a finitely parameterized recursive scheme for computing the probability mass function of the current mode conditional on the observed output. We show that the optimal estimator is nonlinear on the observed output and on the control input. In addition, we show that the computation complexity of our recursive schemes is polynomial in the number of modes and exponential in the mode observation delay.
J024036 Raman Spectroscopy of Cortical Bone during Tensile Loading (2013)

Bone is a composite material composed of mineral particles (mainly Hydroxyapatite: HAp) and organic matrix (mostly type I collagen) in a microscopic scale. Macroscopic mechanical properties of bone are dependent on the structure and mechanical properties of these microscopic constituents. Raman spectroscopy is known to be useful tool for the analysis of material at the molecular and crystal level by using the unique frequency (Raman shift) depends on the molecular bonds. The aim of this study is to measure the mechanical behaviors of mineral and organic phases by using Raman spectroscopy, and to investigate the effects of its anisotropy and aging of bone tissues. As the results, the Raman shift of v1PO_4^<3-> and Amide I decreased linearly with the tensile loading. Then the ratio of Raman shift change to applied stress (Δv/σ) of v_1PO_4^<3-> and that of Amide I were highest during loading at bone axial direction. In addition, the changes in the Raman shift showed a similar tendency at the age of 23 months and 9 years old, the change of the age of 9 years old was smaller. From the results, the mechanical response of mineral and organic phase in bone tissue could be measured by using Raman spectroscopy. And it could be indicated that Raman responses of bone tissue were dependent to anisotropic properties and degree of aging.
Effect of Wrist and Forearm Training on Linear Bat-End, Center of Percussion, and Hand Velocities and on Time to Ball Contact of High School Baseball Players (2006)

This study examined the effects of 12 weeks of wrist and forearm training on linear bat-end velocity (BV), center of percussion velocity (CV), hand velocity (HV), and time to ball contact of high school baseball players. Forty-three baseball players were randomly assigned by a stratified sampling technique to 1 of 2 training groups. Group 1 (n = 23) and group 2 (n = 20) performed the same full-body resistance exercises while training 3 days a week for 12 weeks according to a stepwise periodized model. Group 2 also performed wrist and forearm exercises 3 days a week for 12 weeks. Wrist and forearm strength were measured pre- and posttraining. Linear BV, CV, HV, and time to ball contact were recorded pre- and posttraining by a motion-capture system. A 3 repetition maximum (RM) parallel squat and bench press were measured at baseline and after 4, 8, and 12 weeks of training. Both groups showed statistically significant increases (p < or = 0.01) in linear BV, CV, and HV (m.s(-1) +/- SD) after 12 weeks of training; however, there were no differences between the 2 groups. Both groups statistically increased wrist and forearm strength (p < or = 0.05). Group 2 had statistically greater increases (p < or = 0.05) in 10 of 12 wrist and forearm strength measures than did group 1. Both groups made statistically significant increases in predicted 1RM parallel squat and bench press after 4, 8, and 12 weeks of training; however, there were no differences between groups. These data indicate that a 12-week stepwise periodized training program can significantly increase wrist and forearm strength, linear BV, CV, and HV among high school baseball players. However, increased wrist and forearm strength did not contribute to further increases in linear BV, CV, or HV.
Atomic Layer Deposition of CdS Films (2010)

Pure, polycrystalline CdS deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) on Si(100) or glass using dimethyl cadmium and in situ generated H2S is investigated in detail. This ALD system follows saturation behavior typical of ALD systems, and the growth rate monotonically decreases with temperature from 100 °C−300 °C; by 400 °C linear growth rate behavior is no longer seen. The crystal structure as determined by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy gradually transitions from zincblende to wurtzite with increasing temperature until the film is primarily wurtzite by 400 °C. Further, the average grain size increases with temperature. Transmission electron microscopy images and selected area diffraction patterns confirm the presence of zincblende and wurtzite crystals because of stacking faults and demonstrate that {111} crystal planes are more oriented parallel to the substrate at lower temperatures. Ultraviolet−visible spectroscopy shows that the bandgap is 2.3−2.42 eV in the 100 °C−400 °C range with a slight increase occurring with temperature. The roughness of the films is found to increase both with temperature and cycle number as observed with atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Density functional theory calculations were used to understand observations concerning the growth rate and the bandgap of the films deposited at different temperatures.
Rehabilitation of the Culturally Different: A Model of the Individual in Cultural Change (1967)

Services of rehabilitation agencies and facilities tend to be structured to the needs of the larger American culture. It is important, however, to reconsider our social service programs in view of the needs of different cultural groups when providing services that will aid these individuals to move across cultural boundaries. An attempt is made in this paper to develop a model of the individual who undergoes such cultural transition. Such a model should help define problems in service programs, assess the value of current service activities, and identify areas for developing new services that will aid the overall process of cultural transition. A model of behavior development is outlined, followed by a formulation of a model of the individual in cultural change.
Towards Commercialization of Robots based on Mechanical Contact (2021)

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Synthesis and Structure of Syndiotactic Poly(3-methyl-1-butene): A Case of 3/1 Helical Conformation for Syndiotactic Polymers (2018)

Syndiotactic poly(3-methyl-1-butene) (sP3MB) has been obtained for the first time by hydrogenation of 3,4-poly(isoprene), which in turn has been synthesized with the catalyst FeCl2(2,2′-bipyridine)2 activated with methylaluminoxane. The synthesized sample of sP3MB is amorphous but crystallizes by stretching and annealing of the oriented amorphous phase at 60–70 °C. The diffraction image of the annealed fibers shows only three equatorial reflections and a few weak reflections distributed on three nonequatorial layer lines. From these data a model of the conformation of the chains of sP3MB is proposed. The chains of sP3MB assume in the crystalline phase a 3/1 helical conformation, providing the first example of a syndiotactic polymer with 3-fold helical chains. A high degree of disorder is present in the crystals so that the structure can be described by an arrangement of parallel conformationally ordered 3/1 helical chains and disorder in the lateral correlations between the chains.
Surface Asymmetry of Coated Spherical Nanoparticles (2014)

We validate the nonspherical grafting arrangement of isotropically coated spherical nanoparticles as very recently proposed. We utilize localized surface plasmon resonance enhanced dynamic polarized and depolarized light scattering from Au nanoparticles, the spherical symmetry of which was revealed by single-particle dark-field spectroscopy. The same Au nanospheres are grafted with ligands of different chemistry and length. The wavelength dependent depolarization ratio and the two transport coefficients of these nanoparticles, obtained from the dynamic light scattering experiment, can only be reconciled with the TEM data, the single UV/vis extinction spectrum, and the dark-field spectroscopy experiments if their coating is described as asymmetric. Spatially anisotropic graft distribution on spherical nanoparticles impacts their assembly and understanding its origin will help control the structure and properties of polymer nanocomposites.
Laser Desorption Ionization (LDI) (2016)

This document contains recommendations for terminology in mass spectrometry. Development of standard terms dates back to 1974 when the IUPAC Commission on Analytical Nomenclature issued recommendations on mass spectrometry terms and definitions. In 1978, the IUPAC Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy updated and extended the recommendations and made further recommendations regarding symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations. The IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy’s Subcommittee on Mass Spectroscopy revised the recommended terms in 1991 and appended terms relating to vacuum technology. Some additional terms related to tandem mass spectrometry were added in 1993 and accelerator mass spectrometry in 1994. Owing to the rapid expansion of the field in the intervening years, particularly in mass spectrometry of biomolecules, a further revision of the recommendations has become necessary. This document contains a comprehensive revision of mass spectrometry terminology that represents the current consensus of the mass spectrometry community.
Towards standardization of echocardiography for the evaluation of left ventricular function in adult rodents: a position paper of the ESC Working Group on Myocardial Function (2020)

Echocardiography is a reliable and reproducible method to assess non-invasively cardiac function in clinical and experimental research. Significant progress in the development of echocardiographic equipment and transducers has led to the successful translation of this methodology from humans to rodents, allowing for the scoring of disease severity and progression, testing of new drugs, and monitoring cardiac function in genetically modified or pharmacologically treated animals. However, as yet, there is no standardization in the procedure to acquire echocardiographic measurements in small animals. This position paper focuses on the appropriate acquisition and analysis of echocardiographic parameters in adult mice and rats, and provides reference values, representative images, and videos for the accurate and reproducible quantification of left ventricular function in healthy and pathological conditions.
Carbon-Proton Scalar Couplings in RNA: 3D Heteronuclear and 2D Isotope-Edited NMR of a 13C-Labeled Extra-stable Hairpin (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarbon-Proton Scalar Couplings in RNA: 3D Heteronuclear and 2D Isotope-Edited NMR of a 13C-Labeled Extra-stable HairpinJennifer V. Hines, Stacy M. Landry, Gabriele Varani, and Ignacio Tinoco Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 13, 5823–5831Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00092a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00092a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views228Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Streptococcus pyogenes Pili (2016)

Group A Streptococcus pili remained undetected until 2005, when immunogold electron microscopy using sera raised against their protein components revealed long flexible rods that protruded outside the bacteria. Interestingly, the variable protein that constitutes the pilus backbone turned out to be the target of the Lancefield T-typing system used for decades to classify Streptococcus pyogenes isolates. In addition to the backbone protein, S. pyogenes pili are constituted by two ancillary proteins, which are generally found on the pilus tip and its base. The three pilus subunits are encoded in the highly variable FCT genomic region, together with the sortase enzymes responsible for their polymerization. Recent protein crystallography studies have revealed the mechanism of pilus assembly and some unexpected structural features, including the formation of covalent isopeptide bonds that link different subunits and intramolecular isopeptide bonds that render the pilus proteins highly stable. The transcription of the FCT genes is controlled by the small RNA FasX and by stand-alone regulators, which are in turn integrated in the wider S. pyogenes regulatory network. S. pyogenes pili play an important role in pathogenesis by mediating bacterial adhesion to host cells and the formation of three-dimensional biofilms. Importantly, the pilus proteins show promise as vaccine targets, as pilus-specific antibodies were shown to mediate bacterial opsonophagocytic killing and provide animal protection against streptococcal infection.
CMorophyllides c (1970)

"Chlorophyllides" c were obtained from methanol–tetrahydrofuran extracts of Phaeodactylum tricornutum by retention on an anion exchange resin. They were esterified (diazomethane) and separated by adsorption chromatography on powdered sucrose. The less adsorbed fraction was designated c 1 ; the other c 2 . Both pigments possess two main visible absorption bands at ca. 629 and 582 nm. The ratios of the intensities of absorption in dioxane of band I to band II were 1.09 and 0.69, respectively.Treatment with methanolic hydrogen chloride yielded the respective chloroporphyrin e 6 trimethyl esters, whose molecular weights (determined by mass spectrometry) were 634 and 632. The n.m.r. spectra showed the presence of the C 7 acrylate group. Since both c 1 and c 2 yielded pyrroporphyrin XV, the structure of c 2 requires C 2 and C 4 vinyl groups and that of c 1 a vinyl group at either C 2 or C 4 .Extinction coefficients of the phyllins and of the magnesium-free derivatives in various solvents were determined. Equations for the measurement of chlorophyllide c concentration in the presence of chlorophylls a and b are given.
Electrochemical Li-ion storage in defect spinel iron oxides: the critical role of cation vacancies (2011)

Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries are the preferred power source for consumer electronic devices, but the cost and toxicity of many cathode materials limit their scale-up. Worldwide research efforts are addressing this concern by transitioning from conventional Co- and Ni-based intercalation hosts towards Fe- and Mn-based alternatives. The unfavorable energetics of the Fe2+/3+redox couple and limited Li-insertion capacities render the use of iron oxides impractical. We address this limitation with the defect spinel ferrite γ-Fe2O3 as a model structure for Li-ion insertion by replacing a fraction of the Fe3+ sites with highly oxidized Mo6+ to generate cation vacancies that shift the onset of Li-ion insertion to more positive potentials as well as increase capacity. In the present study, native and Mo-substituted iron oxides are synthesized via base-catalyzed precipitation in aqueous media, yielding nanocrystalline spinel materials that also exhibit short-range disorder characteristic of a proton-stabilized structure. The Mo-substituted ferrite reported herein is estimated to have ∼3× as many cation vacancies as γ-Fe2O3 with a corresponding increase in the Li-ion capacity to >100 mA h g−1 between 4.1 and 2.0 V vs.Li/Li+. This dual enhancement in capacity and insertion potential will enable these and related defect spinel ferrites to be explored as positive electrode materials for lithium batteries, while retaining the cost advantages of a material whose metal composition is still predominately iron based.
30‐3: Deciphering ELA via Transient Reflectance Analysis (2017)

We have experimentally investigated excimer‐laser‐induced melting of ELA‐prepared polycrystalline Si films using in situ transient reflectance and transmission analysis. The results clearly reveal that melting can proceed in a predominantly 2‐D manner for these thin and small‐columnar‐grained polycrystalline Si films. Based on considering the presently and previously obtained experimental results, as well as considering the thermal, thermodynamic, and kinetic aspects of the melting‐transition‐relevant details, we present a model that consists of (1) the prompt initiation of melting taking place at grain boundaries and junctions, and (2) the melting proceeding laterally into the transiently superheated interior of the grains. We briefly discuss how the present model can account for the evolution of columnar‐grained polycrystalline Si films observed during ELA processing of the films.
Collection efficiency of CdZnTe detectors (2002)

In this work, the detection of signal charge produced by X-rays incident on resistive CdZnTe semiconductor substrates, at different detector geometries, within the X-ray diagnostic energy range, is investigated. The experimental results suggest that the observed signal-to-noise ratio is dependent upon the choice of the polarizing electrode that is directly exposed to the incident X-ray beam. An efficient charge defection is achieved achieved when the X-ray beam is incident on the negative electrode with the electric field parallel to the direction of the incoming photons.
Deep Deformation Network for Object Landmark Localization (2016)

We propose a novel cascaded framework, namely deep deformation network (DDN), for localizing landmarks in non-rigid objects. The hallmarks of DDN are its incorporation of geometric constraints within a convolutional neural network (CNN) framework, ease and efficiency of training, as well as generality of application. A novel shape basis network (SBN) forms the first stage of the cascade, whereby landmarks are initialized by combining the benefits of CNN features and a learned shape basis to reduce the complexity of the highly nonlinear pose manifold. In the second stage, a point transformer network (PTN) estimates local deformation parameterized as thin-plate spline transformation for a finer refinement. Our framework does not incorporate either handcrafted features or part connectivity, which enables an end-to-end shape prediction pipeline during both training and testing. In contrast to prior cascaded networks for landmark localization that learn a mapping from feature space to landmark locations, we demonstrate that the regularization induced through geometric priors in the DDN makes it easier to train, yet produces superior results. The efficacy and generality of the architecture is demonstrated through state-of-the-art performances on several benchmarks for multiple tasks such as facial landmark localization, human body pose estimation and bird part localization.
Supplementary Data from <sup>89</sup>Zr-panitumumab Combined With <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET Improves Detection and Staging of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2023)

Supplementary Data from &lt;sup&gt;89&lt;/sup&gt;Zr-panitumumab Combined With &lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F-FDG PET Improves Detection and Staging of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma