gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Manganese-based Alternative to Gadolinium: Contrast-enhanced MR Angiography, Excretion, Pharmacokinetics, and Metabolism (2017)

Purpose To compare intravascular contrast enhancement produced by the manganese-based magnetic resonance (MR) imaging contrast agent manganese-N-picolyl-N,N',N'-trans-1,2-cyclohexenediaminetriacetate (Mn-PyC3A) to gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) and to evaluate the excretion, pharmacokinetics, and metabolism of Mn-PyC3A. Materials and Methods Contrast material-enhanced MR angiography was performed in baboons (Papio anubis; n = 4) by using Mn-PyC3A and Gd-DTPA. Dynamic imaging was performed for 60 minutes following Mn-PyC3A injection to monitor distribution and elimination. Serial blood sampling was performed to quantify manganese and gadolinium plasma clearance by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and to characterize Mn-PyC3A metabolism by using high-performance liquid chromatography. Intravascular contrast enhancement in the abdominal aorta and brachiocephalic artery was quantified by measuring contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) versus muscle at 9 seconds following Mn-PyC3A or Gd-DTPA injection. Plasma pharmacokinetics were modeled with a biexponential function, and data were compared with a paired t test. Results Aorta versus muscle CNR (mean ± standard deviation) with Mn-PyC3A and Gd-DTPA was 476 ± 77 and 538 ± 120, respectively (P = .11). Brachiocephalic artery versus muscle CNR was 524 ± 55 versus 518 ± 140, respectively (P = .95). Mn-PyC3A was eliminated via renal and hepatobiliary excretion with similar pharmacokinetics to Gd-DTPA (area under the curve between 0 and 30 minutes, 20.2 ± 3.1 and 17.0 ± 2.4, respectively; P = .23). High-performance liquid chromatography revealed no evidence of Mn-PyC3A biotransformation. Conclusion Mn-PyC3A enables contrast-enhanced MR angiography with comparable contrast enhancement to gadolinium-based agents and may overcome concerns regarding gadolinium-associated toxicity and retention. <sup>©</sup> RSNA, 2017 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
Analysis of fungal high-mannose structures using CAZymes (2021)

Glycoengineering ultimately allows control over glycosylation patterns to generate new glycoprotein variants with desired properties. A common challenge is glycan heterogeneity, which may affect protein function and limit the use of key techniques such as mass spectrometry. Moreover, heterologous protein expression can introduce nonnative glycan chains that may not fulfill the requirement for therapeutic proteins. One strategy to address these challenges is partial trimming or complete removal of glycan chains, which can be obtained through selective application of exoglycosidases. Here, we demonstrate an enzymatic O-deglycosylation toolbox of a GH92 α-1,2-mannosidase from Neobacillus novalis, a GH2 β-galactofuranosidase from Amesia atrobrunnea and the jack bean α-mannosidase. The extent of enzymatic O-deglycosylation was mapped against a full glycosyl linkage analysis of the O-glycosylated linker of cellobiohydrolase I from Trichoderma reesei (TrCel7A). Furthermore, the influence of deglycosylation on TrCel7A functionality was evaluated by kinetic characterization of native and O-deglycosylated forms of TrCel7A. This study expands structural knowledge on fungal O-glycosylation and presents a ready-to-use enzymatic approach for controlled O-glycan engineering in glycoproteins expressed in filamentous fungi.
The Opposing Role of Histone Deacetylase 10 (HDAC10) and HDAC11 in Proliferation/Survival of Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) (2011)

Abstract Abstract 1363 The role of HDACs in cell biology, initially limited to their effects upon histones, encompasses now more complex regulatory functions that are dependent on their tissue expression, cellular compartment distribution and the stage of cellular differentiation. Not surprisingly, HDACs have been shown to play important roles in normal B-cell biology and, aberrant expression of these proteins has been found in some B-cell malignancies1. However, the role of specific HDACs in regulation of pro-survival and cell-cycling genes in MCL and CLL still remains poorly understood. We therefore evaluated by RT-PCR the mRNA expression of specific HDACs in MCL and CLL cell lines and in primary cells from patients with these B-cell malignancies. Our analysis revealed a unique and opposing expression of HDAC10 and HDAC11 in these malignant B-cells. While HDAC11 over-expression was frequently found in MCL and CLL cells, in particular in patients with aggressive disease, an almost complete abrogation of HDAC10 was observed in malignant B-cells as compared to normal B-cell controls. These findings led us to explore the biological consequences of manipulating HDAC11 and HDAC10 in MCL and CLL cells. First, knocking-down HDAC11 (HDAC11KD) using lentiviral shRNA resulted in downregulation of cyclin D1, Cdkn1a (p21) and bcl-2. Furthermore, HDAC11KD MCL or CLL cells displayed a slower cell proliferation relative to non-target shRNA control cells. Cell cycle analysis revealed that HDAC11KD clones are arrested in G1. Conversely, over-expression of HDAC11 in the MCL cell line Z138c or in the CLL cell line MEC1 resulted in enhanced cell survival and increased proliferative capacity. Mechanistically, we have recently found that HDAC11 over-expression is associated with increased phosphorylation of STAT3, a known survival pathway in malignant B-cells. Second, HDAC10 belongs to the class II HDAC family and its biological functions remain largely unknown. Similar to our results in aggressive MCL and CLL, a decreased HDAC10 expression has been reported in patients with aggressive solid tumors2, suggesting that loss of HDAC10 expression might confer a survival advantage to malignant cells. Indeed, over-expression of HDAC10 in Z138c and MEC1 cells resulted in a rapid induction of cell death in vitro with only 5% of cells being alive at 48 hours. Our results highlight the need for a better understanding of the expression/function of specific HDACs in MCL and CLL biology. The findings of opposing roles for HDAC11 and HDAC10 in influencing cell survival and proliferation might explain the limited efficacy of pan-HDAC inhibitors (with their indiscriminate inhibition of multiple HDACs) in these B-cell malignancies, and provide support for the development of isotype-selective inhibitors targeting HDAC11. Disclosures: Chen-Kiang: Pfizer, Inc.: Research Funding.
ChemInform Abstract: Sn‐MCM‐41 — A Heterogeneous Selective Catalyst for the Baeyer—Villiger Oxidation with Hydrogen Peroxide. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Analysis of homogeneous nucleation data of polar molecules: Vapor association, dipole orientation, and elongated clusters (1993)

In this paper we present the results of several theoretical models examined in order to explain the observed systematic deviations of the homogeneous nucleation of highly polar substances from the predictions of the classical nucleation theory (CNT). It is found that molecular association in acetronitrile or nitromethane vapor cannot explain the observed higher supersaturations. Similarly, the use of virial coefficient data to obtain a size dependent surface energy correction factor does not reproduce the experimental results. It is shown that orientation of the surface dipoles within the spherical droplets results in higher supersaturations in agreement with the experimental findings. We also generalize the CNT for elongated clusters and show that these clusters can allow for favorable end-to-end and antiparallel alignments of the dipoles. It is found that for reasonable agreement with experiment, acetonitrile, and benzonitrile clusters require a larger degree of elongation compared to nitromethane and nitrobenzene clusters. These results are discussed in relation to molecular simulations of bulk liquids and clusters.
MRI-guided near-infrared spectroscopic tomographic system for breast cancer imaging: phantom and normal-subject studies (2023)

A novel MRI-guided near-infrared spectroscopic tomographic imaging system (NIRST) has been developed for breast cancer detection. NIRST imaging for an entire breast can be simultaneously carried out during MRI scanning in less than 4 minutes. Reconstructed phantom images showed clear contrast of a 20 mm inclusion to the background, and the total hemoglobin (HbT) and water concentration values estimated from the reconstructed images of a normal subject were in the same range as those obtained in our previous imaging studies.
MO119COMPUTER-DERIVED SOFTWARE IN CLINICAL PRACTICE: RESULTS FROM A SHORT-TERM FOLLOW-UP ACCORDING TO KIDNEY STONE COMPOSITION IN KIDNEY STONE FORMERS (2021)

Abstract Background and Aims Urinary supersaturation (SS) contributes to stone formation, and its assessment in stone formers may be helpful in clinical practice. Several computer programs are available for SS calculation, including EQUIL2, JESS and Lithorisk1. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in SS in 24-hour urine in patients with known stone composition before and after about three months of regular treatment. Method Patients who submitted their stone/s for composition analysis and had provided an adequate 24-hour urine collection (creatinine 15-20 mg/kg/24-hour) before and around 90 days under regular treatment were included. Stone composition was defined using morphoconstitutional and infrared spectroscopy. The treatment was initiated in accordance with specific guidelines, and included dietary advices and medications2. SS for calcium oxalate (CaOx), calcium phosphate (CaP) and uric acid (UA) using EQUIL2, JESS and Lithorisk were calculated at baseline and after about 90 days on treatment. Continuous variables were reported as means (SD) while categorical variables were reported as frequencies and percentages. Baseline and follow-up SS urine values were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. 3D graphs were plotted using mean SS values of CaOx, CaP and UA obtained from each program before and after treatment, dividing the stones into 4 groups1: calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM), calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD), calcium phosphate (CaP), and uric acid (UA). Ethical Committee approval was obtained. Results 105 patients (61 men, 58%) were followed and provided 24h urine collection. Of these, 101 (96%) were recurrent patients. The mean (SD) follow-up was 94 (14) days. 48 (46%) of all calculi were made of CaOx, either COM or COD, 36 (34%) of UA, and 21 (20%) of CaP. A significant reduction in SS values during treatment was observed in patients with COM (p&amp;lt;0.05) , COD (p&amp;lt;0.001), and UA stones (p&amp;lt;0.001) with all programs. The reduction in SS values over time in patients with CaP stones was not significant (Table 1). Figure 1 shows 3D plots with SS before and after treatment into 4 groups of stone formers. Conclusion EQUIL2, JESS and Lithorisk are suitable software currently used for clinical and research purposes. SS values calculated by EQUIL2, JESS and Lithorisk during follow-up showed a significant reduction among COM, COD and UA stone formers. CaP stone formers did not show significant changes in SS over time.
A compact photonic resonator absorption microscope for point of care digital resolution nucleic acid molecular diagnostics: publisher’s note (2021)

[This corrects the article on p. 4637 in vol. 12.].
The RNA Binding Protein Igf2bp1 Is Required for Zebrafish RGC Axon Outgrowth In Vivo (2015)

Attractive growth cone turning requires Igf2bp1-dependent local translation of β-actin mRNA in response to external cues in vitro. While in vivo studies have shown that Igf2bp1 is required for cell migration and axon terminal branching, a requirement for Igf2bp1 function during axon outgrowth has not been demonstrated. Using a timelapse assay in the zebrafish retinotectal system, we demonstrate that the β-actin 3'UTR is sufficient to target local translation of the photoconvertible fluorescent protein Kaede in growth cones of pathfinding retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in vivo. Igf2bp1 knockdown reduced RGC axonal outgrowth and tectal coverage and retinal cell survival. RGC-specific expression of a phosphomimetic Igf2bp1 reduced the density of axonal projections in the optic tract while sparing RGCs, demonstrating for the first time that Igf2bp1 is required during axon outgrowth in vivo. Therefore, regulation of local translation mediated by Igf2bp proteins may be required at all stages of axon development.
Access EPA`s databases to solve your environmental problems (1996)

In carrying out its mission, EPA conducts a great deal of research and development and a wealth of environmental information is being created, published, assimilated, and maintained by EPA. This information is available to the public through a number of on-line database systems that contain a wide range of information on environmental science, technology, engineering, and right-to-know laws and regulations. This article summarizes an array of on-line databases from EPA and non-EPA sources that might help chemical engineers address some of their immediate environmental concerns and issues. The sources cited include information on: treatment and monitoring technologies; pollution prevention; technologies and strategies for the remediation of contaminated land, water, and air; and environmental and right-to-know laws and regulations and strategies for regulatory compliance. They are classified according to their subject material--air, water, hazardous waste cleanup, pollution prevention, risk management, and right-to-know.
Coating defects in polymer-coated drug-eluting stents (2014)

Vascular stenting has a great attention as a treatment for coronary arteries diseases as compared with percutaneous balloon angioplasty. In-stent restenosis and thrombosis are side effects resulting from using bare metal stent (BMS). Employing platelet therapy allowed to reduce the rate of thrombosis, however, the rate of restenosis remains a major problem. In 2002, drug-eluting stents (DESs) were introduced as an effort to reduce the restenosis. The commercially available DESs continue to suffer from coating defects that might lead to a series of adverse effects. Most importantly, multiple concerns remain regarding the polymer coating integrity on metal surfaces or the relation of polymer irregularities to longterm adverse events.
Selective N-Methylation of Aniline to N-Methylaniline with CO2 and H2 by CeO2-supported Cu Sub-nanoparticle Catalyst (2017)

CeO2-supported Cu (Cu/CeO2) acted as an effective heterogeneous catalyst for N-methylation of aniline with CO2 and H2, showing higher selectivity to N-methylaniline, mono-N-methylated aniline, than other catalysts tested. Cu sub-nanoparticles are the main active species, and the CeO2 support plays an important role in suppression of over-N-methylation of N-methylaniline to N,N-dimethylaniline.
Epitaxial BaTiO3 on Si and SiGe for low power devices: nanoscale characterization of the film and its interface with the semiconductor by HAADF and EELS in STEM (2016)

Introduction. In the late 1990s, the success of SrTiO 3 epitaxial growth on Si by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) opened a path for integrating complex oxides on Si‐based platforms. In particular, ferroelectric perovskite oxides offer promising perspectives to improve or add functionalities on‐chip like low power logic devices or integrated photonics [1]. BaTiO 3 , the prototypical ferroelectric perovskite oxide, is a good candidate for these applications [2, 3]. However, regarding practical devices, integrating a perovskite oxide epitaxially on Si by MBE is still in its infancy. One key point is the control of the crystalline orientation, which determines the polarization orientation within the thin film. Playing with experimental parameters of growth and the composition of the Si x Ge 1‐x semiconductor substrate are means to manipulate the competition between compressive stress from epitaxy and tensile stress from thermal expansion. In order to support MBE growth strategies, aberration‐corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy has been investigated to determine both the strain and the chemical state of epitaxial BaTiO 3 thin films. Experiment. BaTiO 3 was epitaxially grown on Si x Ge 1‐x (x=1 and x = 0.20) substrates either using an SrTiO 3 buffer layer to reduce both thermal and lattice mismatches between BaTiO 3 and Si or without any buffer on Si 0;2 Ge 0.8 . The complex oxides were grown by MBE using Sr, Ba and Ti effusion cells. Details on the growth are given in refs [1,4]. BaTiO 3 was grown directly on strained Si 0.8 Ge 0.2 /Si substrates using a barium passivation. STEM‐HAADF images were collected on a FEI Titan Low‐Base 60‐300 probe corrected microscope and the data treated using the geometric phase analysis (GPA). STEM‐EELS data were also acquired with a special attention to Ba, Ti and O elements. Main results. In a first part, we will first describe the crystalline structure and cationic composition studied at the nanoscale in BaTiO 3 /SrTiO 3 /Si heterostructures. The effect of oxygen pressure will be discussed. We show that the lattice parameter profile evolution within the thickness of the BaTiO 3 films is clearly associated with modifications of the cation stoichiometry within the thickness and that there is a clear impact of the oxygen pressure on both lattice parameter and composition profiles. In a second part, we will discuss the particular epitaxial state of BaTiO 3 grown directly on Ba‐passivated strained Si 0.8 Ge 0.2 .
IoT-Inspired Cooperative Spectrum Sharing With Energy Harvesting in UAV-Assisted NOMA Networks: Deep Learning Assessment (2023)

Energy and spectral efficiency of Internet of Things (IoT) networks can be improved by integrating energy harvesting (EH), cognitive radio, and nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) techniques, while unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), on the other hand, are a quick and adaptable entity for improving the coverage performance. In this article, we assess the performance of a UAV-assisted overlay cognitive NOMA (OC-NOMA) system by employing an EH-based IoT-inspired cooperative spectrum sharing transmission (I-CSST) scheme. Herein, an energy-constrained UAV-borne secondary node harvests radio-frequency energy from the primary source and uses it to send both its own information signal and the primary information signal using the NOMA approach. We consider the impact of the imperfect successive interference cancellation in NOMA and the distortion noises caused by hardware impairments (HIs) in signal processing, which are unavoidable in real-world systems. We obtain the complicated expressions of outage probability (OP) for primary and secondary IoT networks using the I-CSST scheme under heterogeneous Rician and Nakagami- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> fading channels. We continue to investigate asymptotic analysis for OP in order to gain insightful knowledge on the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) slope and practicable diversity order. We also assess the system throughput and energy efficiency for the considered OC-NOMA system. Our results demonstrate the benefits of the suggested I-CSST scheme over the benchmark primary direct transmission and orthogonal multiple access schemes. We create a deep neural network (DNN) architecture for real-time OP prediction in order to combat the complications in model-based approaches.
Humanized mice for the development and testing of human vaccines (2007)

Mouse models of human disease form a link between genetics and biology. However, mice and humans differ in many aspects of immune system biology. These differences might explain, in part, why many successful preclinical immunotherapy studies in mice turn out to be unsuccessful when used in clinical trials in humans. Pioneering studies in the late 1980s demonstrated the reconstitution of human lympho-hematopoietic cells in immunodeficient mice. Since this time, immunodeficient mice are being tested as hosts for human hematopoietic organs or cells in an effort to create an in vivo model of the complete human immune system. Such Humouse models could permit us to generate and test novel human vaccines.
Analytic and Numerical Approaches for Circular Cylinder Quantum Nano Jet (2005)

The solutions of the axisymmetric circular cylinder quantum nano jet can be governed by the time-dependent linear Schrodinger equation that is solved by two approaches. One is a partial analytic method based on the Fourier-Bessel transform and the other is numerical method based on finite difference methods. Appropriate boundary conditions for the solutions of the circular cylinder quantum nano jet are derived. By the Fourier-Bessel transform method, several integral formulas for the solutions of the jet are obtained. The Gaussian quadrature numerical integration is then applied to evaluate the integrals. The fourth-order central and compact difference methods are used for the numerical approach. The fourth-order Runge-Kutta time integration is applied for the time marching. Detailed comparisons between the partial analytic and numerical methods are performed. The results indicate that the partial analytic method can obtain right solutions and the proposed numerical method can capture the dispersion wave very well.
Effect of Leukocyte Hydrolases on Bacteria. I. Degradation of 14C-Labeled Streptococcus and Staphylococcus by Leukocyte Lysates in Vitro (1974)

Journal Article Effect of Leukocyte Hydrolases on Bacteria. I. Degradation of 14C-Labeled Streptococcus and Staphylococcus by Leukocyte Lysates in Vitro Get access M. Lahav, M. Lahav From the Laboratory for Microbiology and Immunology, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar N. Ne'eman, N. Ne'eman From the Laboratory for Microbiology and Immunology, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar E. Adler, E. Adler From the Laboratory for Microbiology and Immunology, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar I. Ginsburg I. Ginsburg From the Laboratory for Microbiology and Immunology, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 129, Issue 5, May 1974, Pages 528–537, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/129.5.528 Published: 01 May 1974 Article history Received: 02 May 1973 Revision received: 11 December 1973 Published: 01 May 1974
New PEMFC active layer architectures for optimized Pt utilization rate, (2013)

Keynote Lecture
Hysteresis-free organic field-effect transistors and inverters using photocrosslinkable poly(vinyl cinnamate) as a gate dielectric (2008)

We have fabricated organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and inverters using photocrosslinkable poly(vinyl cinnamate) (PVCN) as a gate dielectric. The photocrosslinked PVCN dielectric film has superior insulating properties and does not require thermal curing. The high water resistance of the dielectric, which arises because PVCN is hydroxyl group-free, means that the devices were found to be hysteresis-free in all operations. The OFETs with the PVCN dielectric were found to exhibit a carrier mobility of 0.51cm2∕Vs, an on/off ratio of 106, and a subthreshold swing of 0.913V/decade. An organic inverter consisting of two OFETs exhibited a high inverter gain of 17.9.