gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The use of carbon monoxide as a probe molecule in spectroscopic studies for determination of exposed gold sites on TiO2 (2015)

The sol immobilisation technique, in which a stabilising ligand (such as polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl pyridine) can be used to tune metal particle size and composition, has become a valuable method of making supported nanoparticle catalysts. An unfortunate consequence of the stabilising ligand is that often access of reactant molecules to the metal nanoparticle surface is impeded. Several methods have been proposed for the removal of these ligands, though determination of the degree of their success is difficult. Here, we demonstrate the use of in situ infrared and UV-Vis spectroscopy to elucidate the access of carbon monoxide to the surface of Au/TiO2 catalysts before and after various ligand removal treatments. These were contrasted with a catalyst prepared by deposition precipitation prepared in the absence of stabilising ligand as a control. Changes were observed in the infrared spectrum, with the wavenumber of carbon monoxide linearly bonded to Au for catalysts shifting before and after ligand removal, which correlated well with the activity of the catalyst for carbon monoxide oxidation. Also the extent of shifting of the Au surface resonance plasmon band on the addition of carbon monoxide, observed by UV-Vis, also correlated well with catalyst activity. These simple methods can be used to determine the quantity of exposed metal sites after a ligand removal treatment and so determine the treatments effectiveness.
Raw data for Figure 5: The presence of IDO and PGE-2 inhibitors reduce the suppression of T cell proliferation by Mesoangioblasts/HIDEMs (2013)

CFSE labelled PBMCs were stimulated with anti CD3/CD28 beads as before in the presence of HIDEMs/mesoangioblasts and inhibitors of IDO and Cox-2, (1-Methyl-L-trypyophan (1MT) (0.5mM) and NS-398 (1.0 uM) respectively, or both. On day 6 cells were harvested and stained with anti-CD3 and 7AAD. Cells were gated on live CD3+ populations and analysed for CFSE dilution and the numbers of cells undergoing CFSE dilution were enumerated using counting beads. Experiments were carried out in duplicates. n=4.
Generation of CD4+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes stimulated by immobilized anti‐CD3 monoclonal antibody and interleukin‐2 in cancer patients (1995)

The proliferation of autologous tumor-reactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), induced by autologous mixed lymphocyte tumor-cell culture, was remarkably enhanced by activation with immobilized anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (MAb) and interleukin-2 (IL-2), as compared with IL-2 alone. The activated CTL exhibited high cytotoxicity against autologous tumor cells. Cytotoxicity against autologous tumor cells was inhibited by anti-HLA-DR MAb. In negative selection with immunomagnetic beads, cytotoxicity against autologous tumor cells was inhibited by the elimination of CD4+ cells. The major cell-surface antigens of the activated CTL were CD3+, CD4+, CD25+, CD45RO+ and CD45RA-, suggesting helper T cells, and the activated CTL produced IL-2. It is concluded that the CTL activated by immobilized anti-CD3 MAb and IL-2 were CD4 cells that had both killer and helper functions. Our findings indicate that adoptive immunotherapy using these activated CTL would be effective in cancer patients.
Influence of age, sex, and dietary restriction on intracellular free calcium responses of CD4+ lymphocytes in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) (1995)

The influence of aging and dietary restriction on increase in intracellular free calcium ([Ca2+]i) of CD4+ lymphocytes from Macaca mulatta was examined after stimulation with anti-CD3 mAb. We used a flow cytometric assay with the dye indo-1 and either direct or reciprocal immunofluorescent staining to identify CD4+ cells. After stimulation with anti-CD3 mAb, intracellular free calcium responses were reduced in CD4+ lymphocytes from old male and female ad libitum fed monkeys compared to young and adult male or female monkeys. Old female monkeys had significantly lower [Ca2+]i than did old male monkeys. The reduced responses were in part related to a decreased percentage of responding cells. Dietary restriction of males over a four-year period did not alter [Ca2+]i response compared to ad libitum fed male monkeys. Female monkeys of all ages (which were restricted only for four months) also had similar [Ca2+]i responses to ad libitum fed controls. Our data suggest that age-related changes in [Ca2+]i responses are similar between humans and M. mulatta, and that over these intervals, no effects of caloric restrictions can be detected.
Sintering of PrCo5magnets with Pr-Co alloy addition (1971)

A systematic study of the sintering conditions for PrCo <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</inf> was carried out, using as the liquid-phase sintering aid an alloy that contained 69 weight percent (wt. %) Pr and 29 wt. % Co. The dependence of the permanent-magnet properties on the grinding time of PrCo <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</inf> was evaluated. Different weight ratios of PrCo <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</inf> and the Pr-Co additive were tried and various sintering temperatures and times were studied. It was found that milling time and weight ratio are factors of prime importance for successful sintering. Short milling time and relatively coarse particle size appear to be essential. Magnets sintered under optimum conditions have energy products of nearly 17 MG-Oe, remanence values up to 8500 G, and intrinsic coercive forces up to 9470 Oe. Details of the process and the results are reported.
Implementation and test of on-line embedded grid impedance estimation for PV-inverters (2004)

New and stronger power quality requirements are issued due to the increase amount of photovoltaic (PV) installations. In this paper different methods are used for continuous grid monitoring. By injecting a noncharacteristic harmonic current and measuring the grid voltage response it is possible to evaluate the grid impedance directly by the PV-inverter, providing a fast and low cost implementation. This principle theoretically provides a correct result of the grid impedance but when using it into the context of PV integration, different implementation issues strongly affect the quality of the results. This paper presents a new impedance estimation method including typical implementation problems encountered and it also presents adopted solutions for on-line grid impedance measurement. Practical tests on an existing PV-inverter validate the chosen solutions.
Funktionsuntersuchungen eines Kühlsystems unter hoher Schmutzbelastung (2014)

Es wird eine technische Einrichtung zur Vermeidung und Beseitigung von Verunreinigungen am Kühler vorgestellt. Der angesaugte Kühlluftstrom wird hierbei geteilt in einen gereinigten Hauptluftstrom und einen mit Schmutz beladenen Teilluftstrom, der vor dem Kühler wieder in die Umgebung abgeleitet wird. Dazu ist ein zweiter, zusätzlicher Frontlüfter vor dem Kühlersieb angeordnet. Ein separat drehbar gelagertes Abdeckblech befi ndet sich mit geringem Abstand vor dem Frontlüfter und wird durch den Luftstrom rotierend angetrieben. Dadurch wird das Kühlersieb fortlaufend wiederholt partiell abgedeckt, wodurch Wirbel entstehen, die ein Ablösen und Entfernen anhaftender Schmutzpartikel vom Kühlersieb ermöglichen.
A Key-revocable Attribute-based Encryption for Mobile Cloud Environments (2013)

In this paper, we propose a new Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE) scheme applicable to mobile cloud environments. A key issue in mobile cloud environments is how to reduce the computational cost on mobile devices and delegate the remaining computation to cloud environments. We also consider two additional issues: an efficient key revocation mechanism for ABE based on a concept of token-controlled public key encryption, and attribute hiding encryption from a cloud server. To reduce the computational cost on the client side, we propose an efficient ABE scheme jointly with secure computing on the server side. We analyze the security of our ABE scheme and evaluate the transaction time of primitive functions implemented on an Android mobile device and a PC. The transaction time of our encryption algorithm is within 150 msec for 89-bit security and about 600 msec for 128-bit security on the mobile device. Similarly, the transaction time of the decryption algorithm is within 50 msec for 89-bit security and 200 msec for 128-bit security.
Predicting the Susceptibility of Meningococcal Serogroup B Isolates to Bactericidal Antibodies Elicited by Bivalent rLP2086, a Novel Prophylactic Vaccine (2018)

Bivalent rLP2086 (Trumenba), a vaccine for prevention of <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> serogroup B (NmB) disease, was licensed for use in adolescents and young adults after it was demonstrated that it elicits antibodies that initiate complement-mediated killing of invasive NmB isolates in a serum bactericidal assay with human complement (hSBA). The vaccine consists of two factor H binding proteins (fHBPs) representing divergent subfamilies to ensure broad coverage. Although it is the surrogate of efficacy, an hSBA is not suitable for testing large numbers of strains in local laboratories. Previously, an association between the <i>in vitro</i> fHBP surface expression level and the susceptibility of NmB isolates to killing was observed. Therefore, a flow cytometric meningococcal antigen surface expression (MEASURE) assay was developed and validated by using an antibody that binds to all fHBP variants from both fHBP subfamilies and accurately quantitates the level of fHBP expressed on the cell surface of NmB isolates with mean fluorescence intensity as the readout. Two collections of invasive NmB isolates (<i>n</i> = 1,814, <i>n</i> = 109) were evaluated in the assay, with the smaller set also tested in hSBAs using individual and pooled human serum samples from young adults vaccinated with bivalent rLP2086. From these data, an analysis based on fHBP variant prevalence in the larger 1,814-isolate set showed that >91% of all meningococcal serogroup B isolates expressed sufficient levels of fHBP to be susceptible to bactericidal killing by vaccine-induced antibodies.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Bivalent rLP2086 (Trumenba) vaccine, composed of two factor H binding proteins (fHBPs), was recently licensed for the prevention of <i>N. meningitidis</i> serogroup B (NmB) disease in individuals 10 to 25 years old in the United States. This study evaluated a large collection of NmB isolates from the United States and Europe by using a flow cytometric MEASURE assay to quantitate the surface expression of the vaccine antigen fHBP. We find that expression levels and the proportion of strains above the level associated with susceptibility in an hSBA are generally consistent across these geographic regions. Thus, the assay can be used to predict which NmB isolates are susceptible to killing in the hSBA and therefore is able to demonstrate an fHBP vaccine-induced bactericidal response. This work significantly advances our understanding of the potential for bivalent rLP2086 to provide broad coverage against diverse invasive-disease-causing NmB isolates.
Acidic Fibroblast Growth Factor Enhances Peripheral Nerve Regeneration in Vivo (1989)

When added to a collagen-filled nerve guide, purified acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) increased the number of myelinated axons that regenerated across a 5-mm nerve gap distance. In addition, a greater number of primary sensory and motor neurons extended axons through the nerve guide in animals treated with aFGF. Thus the effect of aFGF on peripheral nerve regeneration is not simply an increase in axonal branching within the nerve guide tube. This is the first highly purified growth factor since nerve growth factor that has been shown to promote nerve regeneration in vivo. This experimental model provides a convenient and quantitative means to assess the effects of putative neuronotropic factors on peripheral nerve regeneration in vivo.
Imaging cytochrome C oxidase and FoF1-ATP synthase in mitochondrial cristae of living human cells by FLIM and superresolution microscopy (2017)

Cytochrome C oxidase and F<sub>o</sub>F<sub>1</sub>-ATP synthase constitute complex IV and V, respectively, of the five membrane-bound enzymes in mitochondria comprising the respiratory chain. These enzymes are located in the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM), which exhibits large invaginations called cristae. According to recent electron cryotomography, FoF1-ATP synthases are located predominantly at the rim of the cristae, while cytochrome C oxidases are likely distributed in planar membrane areas of the cristae. Previous FLIM measurements (K. Busch and coworkers) of complex II and III unravelled differences in the local environment of the membrane enzymes in the cristae. Here, we tagged complex IV and V with mNeonGreen and investigated their mitochondrial nano-environment by FLIM and superresolution microscopy in living human cells. Different lifetimes and anisotropy values were found and will be discussed.
Successful pregnancy following zygote intrafallopian transfer for congenital cervical hypoplasia. (1994)

A successful pregnancy was established following ZIFT in a woman with congenital cervical hypoplasia. The endometrial cavity was evaluated by a previously unreported technique, transfundal hysteroscopy. The use of appropriate surgical or assisted reproductive techniques in conjunction with individualized post-conception management may permit successful pregnancy and delivery in selected women with congenital cervical hypoplasia and atresia.
How to design an optimized set of fibre-trees for filterless optical networks - The elegance of a multi-goal evolutionary Pareto optimization versus (2016)

Filterless optical networks as proposed by DT's TeraStream project rely on node architectures implemented by passive splitters and combiners abandoning commonly used active wavelength routing functionality. As a consequence, a set of pairwise non-interlinked fibre-optical trees is needed to establish a meshed connectivity for any given network topology. Every fibre-tree connects a specific subset of nodes, creating broadcast-like subnetworks. Unicast functionality is achieved by a proper wavelength assignment for every traffic relation. We propose a new algorithm, capable of creating optimized filterless network designs. It uses methods of evolutionary computation to alter the designs, taking specific properties like cost approximations and protection ratio into account. As the underlying search space of all possible fibre-tree combinations can only be examined heuristically, the evolutionary algorithm uses a selection method based on the maximization of the Lebesgue measure regarding the demanded network properties. Thereby, it creates a near Pareto-optimal set of solutions, which allows an a posteriori decision making. In almost all examined cases, the algorithm provides superior solutions compared to those created by a respective a priori method. Furthermore, the designs exemplarily achieved for DT's 12 node core network provide insight into benefits and downsides of the filterless approach in general. Additionally, we present a deterministic algorithm to analytically construct a set of trees with minimal overall fibre utilization. This approach neglects all constraints stemming from physical impairments and focuses on the two main features, protection ratio and fibre usage.
Novel Condensate Removal with in-Situ Pressure Generation Via Thermochemical Fluids in Different Sandstone Formations (2019)

Abstract With the increasing demand on gas worldwide, condensate banking represents a challenging problem in tight reservoirs and can significantly impair the production rate. Gas injection and water-altering gas are the common techniques used to avoid the condensate development by maintaining the reservoir pressure above the dew point curve. However, these treatments are associated with high operational costs and large initial investment, also they are considered as temporary methods. This study presents a chemical treatment for permanent removal of condensate banking using thermochemical fluids. Chemicals are injected to react downhole and generate in-situ pressure and heat. High pressure will raise the gas pressure above the dew point, and the generated heat will change the phase of liquid condensate to gas. The effectiveness of thermochemical treatment in mitigating the condensate damage in different types of sandstone rocks is presented. The effect of mineralogical composition on the condensate removal was investigated. Also, the impact of clay content on the efficiency of thermochemical treatment was investigated. Results showed that thermochemical treatment is an effective method for removing the condensate damage from different types of sandstone formations. Condensate removal of more than 60% was achieved using Huff and Puff injection mode. Good correlation between the rock permeability and the condensate removal efficiency was observed. Higher condensate removal was obtained for the rock samples of high permeability values. Moreover, the presence of sensititve clay minerals in the treated rock showed miner correlation on the effectiveness of condensate removal, which indicates that the injected chemicals are able to stabilize the clay minerals and avoid clay damage. No clay swelling or particle migration was induced during the thermochemical treatment, since no permeability reduction was observed for all samples. Instead, the treated samples showed higher permeability values after the injection of thermochemical fluids. In addition, the profiles of condensate removal indicate that three cycles of thermochemical injection are sufficient for mitigating the condensate banking, and small condensate removal can be achieved during the late cycles of Huff and Puff operation. This paper shows that thermo-chemical treatment can remove more than 60% of the condensate damage for different types of tight sandstones. Huff and Puff treatment was found to be very practical to remediate the condensate banking from different sandstone rocks. Also, this work confirms that thermo-chemical treatment can be applied in the formation with sensitive clays for removing the condensate banking without affecting the clay stability or inducing clay damage.
Automatic Turbulence Resilience in Self-Coherent Free-Space Optical Communications (2023)

We review the recently reported self-coherent approaches that can enable resilient free-space optical communications using automatic optoelectronic multi-mode mixing.
Ultrashort light pulses: life in the fast lane (1999)

Perhaps the most defining characteristic of modern society is its ever-increasing pace. New technological capabilities, such as computing and telecommunications, are making people more efficient. While these advances increase our standard of living, they also place new demands on our lives and make it all the more important that we maintain the pace of technological change. Of course, we sometimes wonder whether this rate of change will slow down. More specifically, what is the ultimate speed limit in our world? At what point will our computers and communications devices reach fundamental physical limits? And how close is our technology to reaching this ultimate speed limit?
Data from The Second-Generation Exportin-1 Inhibitor KPT-8602 Demonstrates Potent Activity against Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Human exportin-1 (XPO1) is the key nuclear-cytoplasmic transport protein that exports different cargo proteins out of the nucleus. Inducing nuclear accumulation of these proteins by inhibiting XPO1 causes cancer cell death. First clinical validation of pharmacological inhibition of XPO1 was obtained with the Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export (SINE) compound selinexor (KPT-330) demonstrating activity in phase-II/IIb clinical trials when dosed 1 to 3 times weekly. The second-generation SINE compound KPT-8602 shows improved tolerability and can be dosed daily. Here, we investigate and validate the drug–target interaction of KPT-8602 and explore its activity against acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; We examined the effect of KPT-8602 on XPO1 function and XPO1-cargo as well as on a panel of leukemia cell lines. Mutant XPO1 leukemia cells were designed to validate KPT-8602′s drug-target interaction. &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt;, anti-ALL activity was measured in a mouse ALL model and patient-derived ALL xenograft models.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; KPT-8602 induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in a panel of leukemic cell lines &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt;. Using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, we demonstrated the specificity of KPT-8602 for cysteine 528 in the cargo-binding groove of XPO1 and validated the drug target interaction. &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt;, KPT-8602 showed potent anti-leukemia activity in a mouse ALL model as well as in patient-derived T- and B-ALL xenograft models without affecting normal hematopoiesis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; KPT-8602 is highly specific for XPO1 inhibition and demonstrates potent anti-leukemic activity supporting clinical application of the second-generation SINE compound for the treatment of ALL. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 23(10); 2528–41. ©2016 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;