gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Graph Autoencoders with Deconvolutional Networks (2020)

Recent studies have indicated that Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) act as a \emph{low pass} filter in spectral domain and encode smoothed node representations. In this paper, we consider their opposite, namely Graph Deconvolutional Networks (GDNs) that reconstruct graph signals from smoothed node representations. We motivate the design of Graph Deconvolutional Networks via a combination of inverse filters in spectral domain and de-noising layers in wavelet domain, as the inverse operation results in a \emph{high pass} filter and may amplify the noise. Based on the proposed GDN, we further propose a graph autoencoder framework that first encodes smoothed graph representations with GCN and then decodes accurate graph signals with GDN. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method on several tasks including unsupervised graph-level representation , social recommendation and graph generation
Architectures for Advanced RAIM: Offline and Online (2014)

Advanced Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (ARAIM) is a proposed extension of RAIM to aviation safety of life operations, which include approaches with vertical guidance. ARAIM would exploit the new civilian signals in L5 and new GNSS core constellations. The European Union (EU) and the United States (US) have an agreement establishing cooperation between GPS and Europe’s Galileo system. As part of this cooperative agreement a subgroup was formed to investigate ARAIM. As opposed to RAIM, ARAIM would depend on an Integrity Support Message (ISM), approved by the Air Navigation Service Providers. In this work, we describe the two ARAIM ground architectures to determine and disseminate the ISM on which the ARAIM technical subgroup has converged. In the first one, called “offline” a quasi-static ISM would be manually produced and rarely updated. We show that current GPS service performance suggests that the offline architecture could be feasible if new constellations offer a level of performance similar to GPS. In the second one, called “online”, a dynamic Integrity Support Message would be automatically updated every hour. In the online architecture, a navigation message overlay and online monitor would allow more control over nominal errors and constellation wide fault by the Air Navigation Service Provider (ANSP). At this point, the ARAIM TSG is not recommending one approach over the other and is seeking feedback on the proposed architectures by stakeholders.
Vibration-Based Monitoring and Diagnosis of Dielectric Charging in RF-MEMS Switches (2010)

Dielectric charging due to metal-dielectric contact is one of the major modes of failure in capacitive radio frequency microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) switches, and it leads to actuation voltage fluctuations and, eventually, to device failure. Failure prognostics for such devices require novel methods to monitor the extent and location of trapped parasitic charges on or in the dielectric layer. Motivated by the success of resonant electrostatic force microscopy for mapping local trapped charges, we present in this paper a technique that monitors the resonance frequencies of multiple eigenmodes of the bridge conductor of the switch as a means to detect parasitic charges and nonuniformities in electric fields in the switch that could arise from nonuniform parasitic charge distribution. Both theory and experiments are presented to demonstrate the technique. Moreover, its potential advantages and limitations as a new diagnostic tool for MEMS health monitoring are discussed.
Characterization of the fluorophore 4-heptadecyl-7-hydroxycoumarin: a probe for the head-group region of lipid bilayers and biological membranes (1985)

The fluorophore 4-heptadecyl-7-hydroxycoumarin was used as a probe to study the properties of phospholipid bilayers at the lipid-water interface. To this end, the steady-state fluorescence anisotropy, the differential polarized phase fluorometry, and the emission lifetime of the fluorophore were measured in isotropic viscous medium, in lipid vesicles, and in the membrane of vesicular stomatitis virus. In the isotropic medium (glycerol), the probe showed an increase in the steady-state fluorescence anisotropy with a decrease in temperature, but the emission lifetime was unaffected by the change in temperature. In glycerol, the observed and predicted values for maximum differential tangents of the probe were identical, indicating that in isotropic medium 4-heptadecyl-7-hydroxycoumarin is a free rotator. Nuclear magnetic resonance and differential scanning calorimetric studies with lipid vesicles containing 1-2 mol % of the fluorophore indicated that the packaging density of the choline head groups was affected in the presence of the probe with almost no effect on the fatty acyl chains. The fluorophore partitioned equally well in the gel and liquid-crystalline phase of the lipids in the membrane, and the phase transition of the bilayer lipids was reflected in the steady-state fluorescence anisotropy of the probe. The presence of cholesterol in the lipid vesicles had a relatively small effect on the dynamics of lipids in the liquid-crystalline state, but a significant disordering effect was noted in the gel state. One of the most favorable properties of the probe is that its emission lifetime was unaffected by the physical state of the lipids or by the temperature.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The impact of reducing the femoral stem length in total hip arthroplasty during gait (2021)

By testing a range of practical walking activities, no lower limb loading differences can be observed by reducing the femoral stem length. A shorter stem demonstrates equivalence in preference during gait when compared to a reputable conventional stem in total hip arthroplasty.
Corrigendum: “A New Approach to Proving the Correctness of Multiprocess Programs” (1980)

No abstract available.
RAPTOR : Development of a Fiber‐Optic Biosensor (2007)

Abstract This chapter reviews the development of the fiber‐optic biosensor at the Naval Research Laboratory and the path that led toward the instrument currently produced by Research International, the RAPTOR. We also look ahead to the future of this technology and the capabilities of its successor the BioHawk.
Thermodynamic Studies of RNA Stability (1984)

Enthalpies and entropies of helix stabilization due to addition of 3' terminal unpaired nucleotides to a CCGG or GGCC core double helix are derived from UV melting studies. The results suggest stacking provides a significant fraction of the free energy of a terminal base pair. The effects of temperature, aggregation, and ionic strength on the determination of thermodynamic parameters are considered. Helix propagation parameters are revised and extended based on recent additions to the data set.
Development of UV Protective Cosmetics Composed of Complex Suspensions by the Use of Rheological Technique (2007)

Ultra-fine particles of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and Zinc oxides (ZnO) are very attractive as UV-protecting ingredients in cosmetic products. The UV-scattering behavior of single TiO2 suspensions and complex ones in a silicone oil is studied in relation to rheological properties. To control the dispersion stability of suspensions, three polyoxyethylene(POE)-modified silicones of branch-type, (AB)n-type, and ABA-type are used as dispersants. Irrespective of molecular structure, the dispersants can stabilize the TiO2 and ZnO particles and the flow of both single suspensions is Newtonian with low viscosity. However, the Newtonian flow profiles and high dispersion states are maintained only for complex suspensions prepared with ABA-type dispersant. Since the POE groups which are incorporated between terminal silicones groups attach to the particle surfaces, the steric stabilization is responsible for low viscosity and high dispersions. Because the UV scattering of suspensions is determined by the sizes of flocculated structures, the high transmittance in the visible ranges and low transmittance in the UVA and UVB ranges can be achieved in the presence of ABA-type dispersant.
Chiral separation and modeling of baclofen, bupropion, and etodolac profens on amylose reversed phase chiral column (2017)

Chiral resolution of baclofen, bupropion, and etodolac profens was obtained with amylose derivatized chiral reversed stationary phase (carbamate groups). The eluent used for bupropion and etodolac was MeOH-water (20:80, v/v) and for baclofen was water-methanol (95:5, v/v). The eluent run rates, finding wavelength and temperature, were 1.0 mL/min, 220 nm and 27 ± 1 °C for all the eluents. The magnitude of the retardation factors for S- and R-enantiomers of baclofen, bupropion, and etodolac were 1.37, 2.62, 2.25, 3.25, 1.8, and 3.0. The magnitudes of separation and resolution factors were 1.90, 1.44, and 1.67 and 2.77, 2.35, and 2.04. Limits of detection and quantitation were 1.0-2.0 and 5.1-10.0 μg/mL. Chiral recognition mechanisms were recognized by simulation and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) experiments. It was seen that hydrogen interactions, hydrophobic interactions, and π-π exchanges were the chief interactions for chiral recognition mechanisms. The described methods may be exploited for the chiral separation of baclofen, bupropion, and etodolac profens in any unknown sample.
An Electrically Small Broadside-Coupled Split-Ring Resonator Antenna Integrated in a BLE Module Package (2018)

An electrically small broadside-coupled split-ring resonator (BC-SRR) antenna integrated in a Bluetooth® low energy (BLE) module package is presented. The BC-SRR antenna is as small as 7.0%×0.5% in terms of the wavelength at 2.44 GHz.
Effects of pulsed ultrasound on the choroid and retina (1978)

Lesions were produced in the retina, choroid, and sclera using continuous and pulsed ultrasound of high average intensity. Anesthetized rabbits were exposed to 9.8-MHz focused ultrasound at intensities ranging up to 1500 W/cm2. Follow-up techniques included cine- and still-fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, and histology. Exposure durations ranged from 0.01 to 20 s. Two distinct regimes of pulsed ultrasound were studied. The first employed relatively long ultrasonic pulses (50 ms and longer) delivered at low repetition frequencies (10 Hz and less). Insonification produced pulsatile choroidal blanching and recovery which were documented with cine-fundus photography. The apparent mechanism is pulsatile radiation force exerted on the choroid. The second pulsing regime consisted of much shorter pulse durations (e.g., 50 μs) delivered at elevated pulse repetition frequencies (e.g., 10 kHz). The time-averaged intensity levels required for production of chorioretinal lesions are close to those required with exposure to continuous wave ultrasound. Thermal effects were indicated to be the major mechanism of permanent chorioretinal lesion formation with both continuous and pulsed insonificalions. The lesions and requisite exposures are similar in several respects to those produced with laser photocoagulators. The chorio-retinal studies are providing the data base needed to explore the safe exploration of therapeutic ultrasound. One promising application is indicated in preliminary results demonstrating accelerated resorption of intravitreal membranes in rabbits.
Novel 8-base pair sequence (Drosophila DNA replication-related element) and specific binding factor involved in the expression of Drosophila genes for DNA polymerase alpha and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. (1993)

Upstream regions containing a novel common 8-base pair (bp) palindromic sequence, 5'-TATCGATA (Drosophila DNA replication-related element (DRE)), are required for the high expression of Drosophila genes for DNA polymerase alpha and the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) (an auxiliary protein for DNA polymerase delta). Three DREs and one DRE are present in the DNA polymerase alpha gene (nucleotides-217, -83, and -30 with respect to the transcription initiation site) and in the PCNA gene (nucleotide-100), respectively. Deletions or 2-bp insertional mutations of DRE sequences led to an extensive reduction of promoter activities of both genes. Chemically synthesized oligonucleotides containing DRE sequences greatly stimulated the activity of the heterologous promoter of the Drosophila metallothionein gene, in addition to the promoter of the PCNA gene, when they were placed upstream from these promoters in a normal or a reverse orientation. The stimulatory effect increased synergistically and depended on the number of DREs. DRE activated the promoter when placed within 1.4 kilobases upstream from the promoter, but was much less active when placed 2.5 kilobases or more apart from the promoter. Using a gel mobility shift assay method, we obtained evidence for a protein factor (DREF) in the nuclear extract of cultured Drosophila cells (Kc cells), and this factor specifically binds to DREs of both genes. DNase I footprinting analysis indicated that DREF binds to the 24-bp DRE region of the DNA polymerase alpha gene in which 8-bp palindromic sequences are centered. A UV cross-linking experiment revealed that a polypeptide of approximately 90 kDa in the nuclear extract interacts directly with the DRE sequence. Using DRE-conjugated latex particles, DREF was affinity-purified from the Kc cell nuclear extract. By comparing results obtained by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and gel mobility shift experiments, we concluded that DREF is associated with the 86-kDa polypeptide. On gel filtration chromatography, a single peak of DREF activity was recovered in fractions corresponding to a molecular mass of 170 kDa, and the 86-kDa polypeptide was detected only in the corresponding fractions; thus, active DREF is probably a homodimeric form of the 86-kDa polypeptide. DREF may play important roles in coordinating expressions of Drosophila DNA replication-related genes.
Silica-based rod lens for the medical fiberscope (1994)

The ultrathin fiberscope, in which the outer diameter is under 1.0 mm, has made possible the direct observation of narrow portions within the human body. The fiberscope mainly consists of the imagefiber, the objective lens, and the illumination fiber, and each advance of these devices has brought the reduction of the scope-diameter. We have investigated the silica based rod lens for the following merits: (1) The fiberscope can be sterilized by the (gamma) -ray instead of ethylene oxide gas which has the problem of carcinogenicity, because the silica glass has high radiation resistant characteristics. (2) The silica based rod lens can be spliced with the imagefiber without any adhesive agent by using the arc fusion splicing machine. As a result, the reliability of the fiberscope can be significantly improved. The silica based rod lens with 125 micrometers in diameter was fabricated by drawing from preform rod made by the vapor phase axial deposition method. The characteristics of their images were evaluated by the modulation transfer function method. This paper presents the details of the fabrication technique of the silica based rod lens and its characteristics.
CD4 T cells and neutrophils contribute to epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer (2023)

ABSTRACT Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a central oncogenic mechanism, contributing both to transformation and metastatic dissemination. Inflammation and innate immune cells are known to favor EMT induction, but the role of adaptive immunity still remains unclear. Using an original murine mammary tumor model in immune cell subpopulation depletion experiments, we demonstrated that tumor cells maintain their epithelial phenotype in mice deficient for adaptive immune response, but undergo EMT in the presence of T-cells. This phenotypic conversion involves the major contribution of CD4 T cells, but not CD8 T cells nor B cells, undoubtedly demonstrating the pro-EMT role of CD4 T cells specifically among adaptive immune cells. Moreover, combined intra-tumor immune infiltrate and transcriptomic analyses of murine mammary tumors with various EMT phenotype revealed an inverse correlation between mesenchymal tumor cell and intratumoral neutrophil proportions, due to the reduced ability of mesenchymal cells to recruit neutrophils. Last, selective in vivo depletion of neutrophils and transcriptomic analysis of human breast tumor cohorts demonstrated the pro-EMT role of neutrophils and suggest a cooperation with CD4 T cells in EMT promotion. Collectively, our data highlight a novel mechanism of EMT regulation by both innate and adaptive immune compartments.
Excitation wavelength dependent surface enhanced Raman scattering of 4-aminothiophenol on gold nanorings (2012)

Detailed understanding of the underlying mechanisms of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) remains challenging for different experimental conditions. We report on an excitation wavelength dependent SERS of 4-aminothiophenol molecules on gold nanorings. SERS and normal Raman spectra, combined with well-characterized surface morphology, optical spectroscopy and electromagnetic (EM) field simulations of gold nanoring substrates indicate that the EM enhancement occurs at all three excitation wavelengths (532, 633 and 785 nm) employed but at short wavelengths (532 and 633 nm) charge transfer (CT) results in additional strong enhancements of particular Raman transitions. These results pave the way to further understanding the origin of the SERS mechanism.
Heritability of Oleic Acid Content in Soybean Seed Oil and Its Genetic Correlation with Fatty Acid and Agronomic Traits (2008)

Oleate content is important for the nutritional value and oxidative stability of soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed oil. Response to selection for higher oleate content depends on its heritability in breeding populations, and correlated responses of other fatty acid and agronomic traits to selection for oleate content depend on their genetic correlations with oleate. The objective of this study was to estimate the heritability of oleate content and to determine the correlation of oleate with other fatty acid and agronomic traits in three soybean populations segregating for major and minor oleate genes grown in multiple environments. One of the populations consisted of 721 lines, providing excellent precision for estimation of the genetic parameters. The results of this study indicated that heritability for oleate content was sufficiently high that early generation selection can be effective when practiced on unreplicated lines grown at a single environment. Significant negative correlations were observed between oleate and linoleate, oleate and linolenate, as well as oleate and palmitate in all three populations. Significant positive correlations were detected between palmitate and stearate in one population segregating for oleate genes and fap nc and fap1 alleles, which reduce palmitate content. In the same population we also observed a significant negative correlation between yield and oleate content, and positive correlations between yield and linoleate, and linolenate and palmitate contents.
Novel Optical Vector Signal Generation With Carrier Suppression and Frequency Multiplication Based on a Single-Electrode Mach–Zehnder Modulator (2008)

This investigation presents a novel modulation approach for generating optical vector signals using frequency multiplication based on double sideband with carrier suppression. A single-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator is biased at null point with a driving signal consisting of a 10-GHz sinusoidal signal and a 5-GHz sinusoidal signal modulated with 1.25-Gb/s on-off keying, 1.25-Gb/s binary phase-shift keying data, or 625-MSym/s quadruple phase-shift keying data. After square-law photodetection, a 1.25-Gb/s radio-frequency signal at a sum frequency of 15 GHz is generated. After transmission over 50-km single-mode fiber, the power penalty of all three modulation formats is under 0.2 dB.
Capacitance coupled bus with negative delay circuit for high speed and low power (10 GB/s&gt;500 mW) synchronous DRAMs (2002)

Capacitance coupled Bus (CcBus) with Negative Delay Circuit (NDC) architecture for high speed and low power Synchronous DRAMs (SDRAMs) has been developed. Data path power consumption is reduced to 1/5 (25mW@200MB/s). Transfer delay time is reduced to 1/2 (0.8 ns). High band width (10 GB/s) and low power (<500 mW) can be achieved. This 500 mW power consumption/package is an empirical value maintaining pause time in useful range. This architecture can keep Fill Frequencies (FF) in valuable region in Gbit-SDRAMs.
Curvature correction of retinal OCTs using graph-based geometry detection (2013)

In this paper, we present a new algorithm as an enhancement and preprocessing step for acquired optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of the retina. The proposed method is composed of two steps, first of which is a denoising algorithm with wavelet diffusion based on a circular symmetric Laplacian model, and the second part can be described in terms of graph-based geometry detection and curvature correction according to the hyper-reflective complex layer in the retina. The proposed denoising algorithm showed an improvement of contrast-to-noise ratio from 0.89 to 1.49 and an increase of signal-to-noise ratio (OCT image SNR) from 18.27 to 30.43 dB. By applying the proposed method for estimation of the interpolated curve using a full automatic method, the mean ± SD unsigned border positioning error was calculated for normal and abnormal cases. The error values of 2.19 ± 1.25 and 8.53 ± 3.76 µm were detected for 200 randomly selected slices without pathological curvature and 50 randomly selected slices with pathological curvature, respectively. The important aspect of this algorithm is its ability in detection of curvature in strongly pathological images that surpasses previously introduced methods; the method is also fast, compared to the relatively low speed of similar methods.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Senescence Sensitivity of Breast Cancer Cells Is Defined by Positive Feedback Loop between CIP2A and E2F1 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 2 PDF file - 96K, Transcriptional regulation and functional role for CIP2A in response to p53 reactivation&lt;/p&gt;
Convolutional Neural Network for Behavioral Modeling and Predistortion of Wideband Power Amplifiers (2020)

In this paper, we propose a novel behavior model for wideband PAs using a real-valued time-delay convolutional neural network (RVTDCNN). The input data of the model are sorted and arranged as the graph composed of the in-phase and quadrature (I/Q) components and envelope-dependent terms of current and past signals. We design a pre-designed filter using the convolutional layer to extract the basis functions required for the PA forward or reverse modeling. The generated rich basis functions are modeled using a simple fully connected layer. Because of the weight sharing characteristics of the convolutional structure, the strong memory effect does not lead to a obvious increase in the complexity of the model. Meanwhile, the extraction effect of the pre-designed filter also reduces the training complexity of the model. The experimental results show that the performance of the RVTDCNN model is almost the same as the NN models and the multilayer NN models.