gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
160 Gb/s Time-Domain Channel Extraction/Insertion and All-Optical Logic Operations Exploiting a Single PPLN Waveguide (2009)

160 Gb/s all-optical signal processing is demonstrated exploiting pump depletion in addition to sum and difference frequency generation (SFG/DFG) in a single periodically poled lithium-niobate (PPLN) waveguide. 160 Gb/s time-domain extraction and insertion operations of channels are obtained in an optical time division multiplexing (OTDM) system. Moreover, 160 Gb/s digital operations including half-adder, half-subtracter and AND/OR/XOR functions are carried out. The use of pump depletion effect allows to process ultrafast signals due to its high efficiency and ultrafast dynamics. 160 Gb/s bit error rate (BER) measurements confirm the effectiveness of all presented functionalities.
Synthesis and acoustic conversion of perfluorocarbon nanodroplets containing solid nanoparticles within their liquid cores (2016)

Phase change contrast agents (PCCAs) are fluorocarbon liquid droplets that convert into microbubbles when exposed to high acoustic pressures. Given their small size, PCCAs can exit leaky blood vessels and provide exogenous contrast outside of the vascular system, thereby circumventing one of the primary limitations of microbubbles. However, a limitation of PCCAs is the high acoustic pressure required for conversion to gaseous phase, which may restrict their use as a diagnostic imaging agent. The incorporation of solid nanoparticles into the liquid perfluorocarbon phase has been suggested as a means to reduce the pressures required to convert PCCAs, however, this has not been confirmed through rigorous empirical observation. In this work, we sought to determine whether the presence of solid nanoparticles contained within the liquid perfluorocarbon core of PCCAs effects the pressure required for acoustic conversion into a gaseous microbubble.
Supplementary Figure 5 from Overall Survival in Malignant Glioma Is Significantly Prolonged by Neurosurgical Delivery of Etoposide and Temozolomide from a Thermo-Responsive Biodegradable Paste (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 5 and Legend&lt;/p&gt;
HELICOBACTER PYLORI???ASSOCIATED GASTRIC MALT LYMPHOMA IN LIVER TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS (2001)

Early-stage, low-grade gastric MALT lymphoma that was associated with Helicobacter pylori gastritis responded to antibiotic therapy with a sustained clinical remission in three of four treated subjects. If other studies confirm a higher than expected incidence of gastric MALT lymphoma in immunosuppressed transplant recipients with Helicobacter pylori infection, screening and treating Helicobacter pylori infection in selected transplant patients may prove beneficial.
Measurement of the total cross section from elastic scattering in pp collisions at s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector (2014)

A measurement of the total pp cross section at the LHC at s=7TeV is presented. In a special run with high-β⋆ beam optics, an integrated luminosity of 80 μb−1 was accumulated in order to measure the differential elastic cross section as a function of the Mandelstam momentum transfer variable t. The measurement is performed with the ALFA sub-detector of ATLAS. Using a fit to the differential elastic cross section in the |t| range from 0.01GeV2 to 0.1GeV2 to extrapolate to |t|→0, the total cross section, σtot(pp→X), is measured via the optical theorem to be:σtot(pp→X)=95.35±0.38(stat.)±1.25(exp.)±0.37(extr.)mb, where the first error is statistical, the second accounts for all experimental systematic uncertainties and the last is related to uncertainties in the extrapolation to |t|→0. In addition, the slope of the elastic cross section at small |t| is determined to be B=19.73±0.14(stat.)±0.26(syst.)GeV−2.
Mapping of ER gene CpG island methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. (1998)

Southern analysis has shown that DNA from 25% of primary estrogen receptor (ER) alpha-negative breast tumors displays aberrant methylation at one site within the ER gene CpG island. To examine more sites and increase sensitivity, we developed a methylation-specific PCR assay to map methylation of the entire ER CpG island. The island was unmethylated in normal breast tissue and ER-positive breast cancer cell lines, but extensively methylated in all ER-negative cell lines and breast tumors examined. In addition, some of the ER-positive/progesterone receptor-negative and ER-positive/progesterone receptor-positive tumors (about 70% and 35%, respectively) displayed methylation of the ER CpG island, suggesting that this heterogeneity within tumor cell populations could potentially shed light on the etiology of ER-negative recurrent tumors arising from ER-positive tumors.
Laser Powder-Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing of Structural Automotive Components (2023)

Abstract High-volume additive manufacturing (AM) for structural automotive applications, along the lines of economically viable technologies such as powder metallurgy, castings, and stampings, remains a lofty goal that must be realized to obtain the well-known advantages of AM. This article presents two key opportunities for AM related to automotive applications, specifically within the realm of metal laser powder-bed fusion: alloys and product designs capable of high throughput. The article also presents the general methodology of alloy development for automotive AM. It provides examples of unique designs for reciprocating components in elevated-temperature applications that are also exposed to demanding tribological conditions. The article also discusses the future of AM for automotive applications.
Analysis of Recombinant H7N9 Wild-Type and Mutant Viruses in Pigs Shows that the Q226L Mutation in HA Is Important for Transmission (2014)

The fact that there have been more than 300 human infections with a novel avian H7N9 virus in China indicates that this emerging strain has pandemic potential. Furthermore, many of the H7N9 viruses circulating in animal reservoirs contain putative mammalian signatures in the HA and PB2 genes that are believed to be important in the adaptation of other avian strains to humans. To date, the definitive roles of these mammalian-signature substitutions in transmission and pathogenesis of H7N9 viruses remain unclear. To address this we analyzed the biological characteristics, pathogenicity, and transmissibility of A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) virus and variants in vitro and in vivo using a synthetically created wild-type virus (rAnhui-WT) and two mutants (rAnhui-HA-226Q and rAnhui-PB2-627E). All three viruses replicated in lungs of intratracheally inoculated pigs, yet nasal shedding was limited. The rAnhui-WT and rAnhui-PB2-627E viruses were transmitted to contact animals. In contrast, the rAnhui-HA-226Q virus was not transmitted to sentinel pigs. Deep sequencing of viruses from the lungs of infected pigs identified substitutions arising in the viral population (e.g., PB2-T271A, PB2-D701N, HA-V195I, and PB2-E627K reversion) that may enhance viral replication in pigs. Collectively, the results demonstrate that critical mutations (i.e., HA-Q226L) enable the H7N9 viruses to be transmitted in a mammalian host and suggest that the myriad H7N9 genotypes circulating in avian species in China and closely related strains (e.g., H7N7) have the potential for further adaptation to human or other mammalian hosts (e.g., pigs), leading to strains capable of sustained human-to-human transmission. Importance: The genomes of the zoonotic avian H7N9 viruses emerging in China have mutations in critical genes (PB2-E627K and HA-Q226L) that may be important in their pandemic potential. This study shows that (i) HA-226L of zoonotic H7N9 strains is critical for binding the α-2,6-linked receptor and enables transmission in pigs; (ii) wild-type A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) shows modest replication, virulence, and transmissibility in pigs, suggesting that it is not well adapted to the mammalian host; and (iii) both wild-type and variant H7N9 viruses rapidly develop additional mammalian-signature mutations in pigs, indicating that they represent an important potential intermediate host. This is the first study analyzing the phenotypic effects of specific mutations within the HA and PB2 genes of the novel H7N9 viruses created by reverse genetics in an important mammalian host model. Finally, this study illustrates that loss-of-function mutations can be used to effectively identify residues critical to zoonosis/transmission.
Lateral Humeral Condylar Fractures in Children (1988)

Forty-seven children with fractures of the lateral condyle were reviewed, 4 of whom were treated after a five month delay. The roentgenographic study revealed 4 different types of fractures according to the degree of displacement. Each type corresponded to precise anatomical lesions. In the treatment of recent fractures, we must distinguish between strictly undisplaced fractures, which can be immobilized in a cast, and other fractures, which require open reduction and internal fixation.
Whole-Genome Sequence of an Isogenic Haploid Strain, Saccharomyces cerevisiae IR-2 id A30( MAT a), Established from the Industrial Diploid Strain IR-2 (2019)

We present the draft genome sequence of an isogenic haploid strain, IR-2<i>id</i>A30(<i>MAT</i> <b>a</b>), established from <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> IR-2. Assembly of long reads and previously obtained contigs from the genome of diploid IR-2 resulted in 50 contigs, and the variations and sequencing errors were corrected by short reads.
Dispersion Diagrams of Linear Slow-Wave Structures (2021)

Analytically calculated dispersion diagram of an over-moded nine-periods V-band slow-wave structure (SWS) designed to operate in a slow- or surface-wave TM <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">03</inf> mode is re-examined using two-dimensional Poisson SuperFish code allowing to precisely cal-culate electric field spatial patterns of all azimuthally-symmetric transverse-magnetic (TM) modes possible to exist in this SWS. It is shown that the analytically calculated dispersion curves of higher-order TM <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0n</inf> modes of the SWS are not the dispersion curves of pure TM <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0n</inf> modes, but fascinating combinations of themselves with dis-persion curves of all lower-order TM <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0(n-k)</inf> modes, where k= 1 … (n-1). Such, for example, an analytically calculated dispersion curve of TM <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">03</inf> mode is factually a combination of three different dispersion curves: (i) one of the TM <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">031</inf> mode with 1=0 … 4, (ii) another one of the TM <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">011</inf> mode with 1=5 … 7, and (iii) third one of the TM <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">021</inf> mode with 1=8 … 9, where I is an axial index of axial TM <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0n1</inf> modes.
Continuous scalable blood filtration device using inertial microfluidics (2010)

Abstract Cell separation is broadly useful for applications in clinical diagnostics, biological research, and potentially regenerative medicine. Recent attention has been paid to label‐free size‐based techniques that may avoid the costs or clogging issues associated with centrifugation and mechanical filtration. We present for the first time a massively parallel microfluidic device that passively separates pathogenic bacteria cells from diluted blood with macroscale performance. The device was designed to process large sample volumes in a high‐throughput, continuous manner using 40 single microchannels placed in a radial array with one inlet and two rings of outlets. Each single channel consists of a short focusing, gradual expansion and collection region and uses unique differential transit times due to size‐dependent inertial lift forces as a method of cell separation. The gradual channel expansion region is shown to manipulate cell equilibrium positions close to the microchannel walls, critical for higher efficiency collection. We demonstrate &gt;80% removal of pathogenic bacteria from blood after two passes of the single channel system. The massively parallel device can process 240 mL/h with a throughput of 400 million cells/min. We expect that this parallelizable, robust, and label‐free approach would be useful for filtration of blood as well as for other cell separation and concentration applications from large volume samples. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;107: 302–311. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Single-cell RNA-seq reveals new types of human blood dendritic cells, monocytes, and progenitors (2017)

Dendritic cells (DCs) and monocytes play a central role in pathogen sensing, phagocytosis, and antigen presentation and consist of multiple specialized subtypes. However, their identities and interrelationships are not fully understood. Using unbiased single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of ~2400 cells, we identified six human DCs and four monocyte subtypes in human blood. Our study reveals a new DC subset that shares properties with plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) but potently activates T cells, thus redefining pDCs; a new subdivision within the CD1C<sup>+</sup> subset of DCs; the relationship between blastic plasmacytoid DC neoplasia cells and healthy DCs; and circulating progenitor of conventional DCs (cDCs). Our revised taxonomy will enable more accurate functional and developmental analyses as well as immune monitoring in health and disease.
Supplementary Figure from Targeting CD73 with AB680 (Quemliclustat), a Novel and Potent Small-Molecule CD73 Inhibitor, Restores Immune Functionality and Facilitates Antitumor Immunity (2023)

Supplementary Figure from Targeting CD73 with AB680 (Quemliclustat), a Novel and Potent Small-Molecule CD73 Inhibitor, Restores Immune Functionality and Facilitates Antitumor Immunity
Linked dimensions of psychopathology and connectivity in functional brain networks (2018)

Neurobiological abnormalities associated with psychiatric disorders do not map well to existing diagnostic categories. High co-morbidity suggests dimensional circuit-level abnormalities that cross diagnoses. Here we seek to identify brain-based dimensions of psychopathology using sparse canonical correlation analysis in a sample of 663 youths. This analysis reveals correlated patterns of functional connectivity and psychiatric symptoms. We find that four dimensions of psychopathology - mood, psychosis, fear, and externalizing behavior - are associated (r = 0.68-0.71) with distinct patterns of connectivity. Loss of network segregation between the default mode network and executive networks emerges as a common feature across all dimensions. Connectivity linked to mood and psychosis becomes more prominent with development, and sex differences are present for connectivity related to mood and fear. Critically, findings largely replicate in an independent dataset (n = 336). These results delineate connectivity-guided dimensions of psychopathology that cross clinical diagnostic categories, which could serve as a foundation for developing network-based biomarkers in psychiatry.
The role of transitional phase formation during ignition of reactive multilayers (2015)

The ignition processes of sputter-deposited reactive Ru/Al multilayers were studied, measuring temperatures and calculating activation energy of ignition for bilayer thicknesses between 22 nm and 222 nm. Microstructural investigations of a partially reacted sample show that the grain boundary-dominated formation of a transitional Al6Ru phase plays an important role during ignition by triggering a more exothermic formation of the final product phase. A model of hot-plate ignition is proposed, based and tested on a designed three-component Ru/Al/Cu multilayer showing a strongly reduced ignition temperature versus its binary counterpart. The results demonstrate the role of transitional phase formation during ignition and provide a further means to modify ignition temperatures of reactive systems.
In Vivo Analysis of Gas Transport in Arterial and Venous Blood of the Sea Lamprey Petromyzon Marinus (1992)

ABSTRACT Exercise in sea lampreys resulted in a significant decrease in the extracellular pH (pHe) in both arterial and venous blood. At rest, the erythrocyte pH (pHi) of venous blood was significantly greater than the pHi of arterial blood. Despite the considerable extracellular acidosis after exercise, both arterial and venous pHi were maintained throughout the recovery period. In the venous blood, there was a reversal of the pH gradient (ΔpH) across the erythrocyte membrane immediately after exercise. Exercise also resulted in significant reductions in the partial pressure of oxygen and hemoglobin oxygen-carriage and a significant increase in the partial pressure of CO2 in arterial and venous blood. Although the total CO2 concentration of the plasma decreased after exercise, erythrocyte total CO2 concentrations increased. In venous blood, the immediately after exercise was double the resting value. At rest, partitioning of the total CO2 content between plasma and erythrocytes indicated that 16% and 22% of the total CO2 could be attributed to the erythrocytes in arterial and venous whole blood, respectively. After exercise, these percentages increased to 25% (arterial) and 38% (venous). Changes in accounted for 62% of the arteriovenous difference in whole-blood total CO2 at rest. This increased to 78% immediately after exercise. Thus, unlike other vertebrates, CO2 transport in the lamprey in vivo is largely dependent on erythrocyte CO2-carriage.
Improved wind farm&#x2019;s power availability by battery energy storage systems: modeling and control (2008)

This paper presents the study on the integration of Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) to STATCOM for smoothing out the intermittent output power of a wind farm. Lead-acid battery type is considered as the energy storage system for availability and comparably simpler management system. Reviewed several modeling approaches indicating their advantages and drawbacks; particulary, appropriate for high power applications’ time-frames, current-based third order model is developed. The experimental tests are conducted to identify the parameters and consequently, to construct the battery model. The performance of the proposed system is analyzed by introducing the State-of-Charge (SOC) controller implemented for this type of battery integrated to a proposed 10 MV A STATCOM for a 50MW wind farm.
Platelet glycoprotein IIb-IIIa (alpha IIb beta 3 integrin) confers fibrinogen- and activation-dependent aggregation on heterologous cells (1991)

To analyze molecular mechanisms of platelet aggregation, we have studied the aggregation of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells expressing between 1 and 4 x 10(5) recombinant human glycoprotein (GP) IIb-IIIa molecules per cell (A5 cells). These cells aggregated as measured by the disappearance of single cells during rotary agitation. Aggregation was dependent on the presence of extracellular fibrinogen (approximately 500 nmol/L) and divalent cations, and required prior activation of the GPIIb-IIIa. A synthetic peptide (GRGDSP) and monoclonal anti-GPIIb-IIIa antibody (2G12) that block platelet aggregation also blocked aggregation of these cells. Parent CHO cells or those expressing recombinant GPIIb-IIIa containing a point mutation that causes variant thrombasthenia both failed to aggregate when stimulated in the presence of fibrinogen. These data show that GPIIb-IIIa is the only unique platelet surface component required for aggregation.
Microcrystalline Si1-xGex Deposited by Magnetron Sputtering (2008)

Microcrystalline Si1-xGex (x~0.8) films have been deposited by RF magnetron sputtering with source frequency of 100MHz. Crystallinity of deposited films has been evaluated by spectroscopic ellipsometry. Detailed investigation on the deposition behavior has been carried out, and it was found out that threshold temperature for crystalline phase formation is about 300oC. At the substrate temperature of 300oC crystallinity depends on film thickness, i.e. as film becomes thicker, crystallinity increases from less than 5% to about 60%. On the other hand, at substrate temperature of 350oC, crystalline formation begins to take place almost from the beginning of deposition. Nucleation site density is lower for 300oC, which in turn results in the higher surface crystallinity compared with the films deposited at 350oC. Substrate bias effect on deposition behavior was also investigated. Substrate bias improves the crystallinity of the films deposited at 300oC while it actually damages crystalline phase formed at 350oC.
Towards twin-free molecular beam epitaxy of 2D chalcogenides explained by stronger interlayer van der Waals coupling (2020)

Defect-free epitaxial growth of 2D materials is one of the holy grails for a successful integration of van der Waals (vdW) materials in the semiconductor industry. The large-area (quasi-)vdW epitaxy of layered 2D chalcogenides is consequently carefully being researched since these materials hold very promising properties for future nanoelectronic applications. The formation of defects such as stacking faults like 60o twins and consequently 60o grain boundaries is still of major concern for the defect-free epitaxial growth of 2D chalcogenides. Although growth strategies to overcome the occurrence of these defects are currently being considered, more fundamental understanding on the origin of these defects at the initial stages of the growth is highly essential. Therefore this work focuses on the understanding of 60o twin formation in (quasi-)vdW epitaxy of 2D chalcogenides relying on systematic molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) experiments supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The MBE experiments reveal the striking difference in 60o twin formation between WSe2 and Bi2Se3 in both quasi-vdW heteroepitaxy and vdW homoepitaxy, which from our DFT calculations links to the difference in interlayer vdW coupling strength. The stronger interlayer vdW coupling in Bi2Se3 compared to WSe2 results in a striking enhanced control on twin formation and hence shows significantly more promise for defect-free epitaxial integration. This interesting aspect of (quasi-)vdW epitaxy reveals that the strength of interlayer vdW coupling is key for functional 2D materials and opens perspectives for other vdW materials sharing strong interlayer interactions.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Combined Aurora Kinase A (AURKA) and WEE1 Inhibition Demonstrates Synergistic Antitumor Effect in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S2 related to Figure 3. Representative image of cell cycle distribution of FaDu and UNC7 cells determined by FACS analysis. Cells were treated with vehicle, adavosertib (AZD1775, 500 nM), alisertib (MLN8237, 250 nM), or the combination for 8 and 24 hours and followed by PI staining. Cell cycle distribution was assessed by FACS analysis and analyzed using FlowJo software.&lt;/p&gt;
Metal‐Mediated Allylation of Mucohalic Acids: Facile Formation of γ‐Allylic α,β‐Unsaturated γ‐Butyrolactones. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.