gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photophysical Properties of the Seriesfac-andmer-(1-Phenylisoquinolinato-N∧C2′)x(2-phenylpyridinato-N∧C2′)3−xIridium(III) (x= 1−3) (2010)

The photophysical properties of tris-cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes have been probed by chemical and geometric variation through the series fac- and mer-Ir(piq)(x)(ppy)(3-x) (x = 1-3; piq = 1-phenylisoquinolinato-N(∧)C(2'), ppy = 2-phenylpyridinato-N(∧)C(2')). The phosphorescent decays were recorded in solution at 295 K and in polymer films from 2 to 295 K. In the heteroleptic complexes, emission occurs based solely on the piq ligand(s), at least by the nanosecond time scale, as its excited states are the lowest energy. Because fac-Ir(piq)(3) and fac-Ir(ppy)(3) possess practically the same oxidation potential, comparison of photophysical properties through the series fac-Ir(piq)(x)(ppy)(3-x) (x = 1-3) revealed the effects of having one, two, or three emissive piq ligands with no confounding effects from differences in electron withdrawing or donating properties between the spectator ppy ligands and the piq ligands. Effects of placement of piq ligands in different coordination geometries were elucidated by comparisons to the mer series.
Identification of fine structures at the surface of epi-ready GaN wafer observed by confocal differential interference contrast microscopy (2020)

Abstract Confocal differential interference contrast microscopy detected dots and line contrasts on the surface of epi-ready (0001) GaN wafers. Large and small dots consisted of pits, ∼1.4 μ m in width and ∼7 nm in depth, and ∼0.5 μ m in width and ∼2.7 nm in depth, respectively; the pits mainly formed on the outcrops of dislocations, with Burgers vectors <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mfenced close="∣" open="∣" separators=""> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">b</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfenced> </mml:math> ≥ c and b = a , respectively, via inadequate chemical mechanical polishing. Lines consisted of scratches induced via polishing. Deep scratches accompanied dense basal plane dislocation loops.
A publishing system for efficiently creating dynamic Web content (2002)

This paper presents a publishing system for efficiently creating dynamic Web content. Complex Web pages are constructed from simpler fragments. Fragments may recursively embed other fragments. Relationships between Web pages and fragments are represented by object dependence graphs. We present algorithms for efficiently detecting and updating Web pages affected after one or more fragments change. We also present algorithms for publishing sets of Web pages consistently; different algorithms are used depending upon the consistency requirements. Our publishing system provides an easy method for Web site designers to specify and modify inclusion relationships among Web pages and fragments. Users can update content on multiple Web pages by modifying a template. The system then automatically updates an Web pages affected by the change. Our system accommodates both content that must be proof-read before publication and is typically from humans as well as content that has to be published immediately and is typically from automated feeds. Our system is deployed at several popular Web sites including the 2000 Olympic Games Web site. We discuss some of our experiences with real deployments of our system as well as its performance.
STUDYING INDIVIDUAL VIRUSES AND BACTERIA WITH NANOFLUIDICS (2013)

We are developing instrumentation and methods to study individual viruses and bacteria. For the virus studies, we are fabricating nanochannels with multiple pores in series for resistive-pulse sensing of hepatitis B virus (HBV) capsids. With two or more pores in series, single particles are interrogated multiple times to improve measurement of particle sizes and to determine their electrophoretic mobilities. For the bacteria studies, we are using nanochannel arrays to trap bacteria and track cell growth and aging over multiple generations. Confinement of bacterial growth in one dimension permits epigenetic inheritance studies from parent and child.
N1-Benzofused Modification of Fluoroquinolones Reduces Activity Against Gram-Negative Bacteria (2020)

The fluoroquinolone class of antibiotics has a well-established structure-activity relationship (SAR) and a long history in the clinic, but the effect of electron-rich benzofused substituents at the N1 position remains poorly explored. Because groups at this position are part of the topoisomerase-DNA binding complex and form a hydrophobic interaction with the major groove of DNA, it was hypothesized that an electron-rich benzofused N1 substituent could enhance this interaction. Molecular modeling techniques were employed to evaluate the binding of certain N1-modified fluoroquinolones to DNA gyrase targets from both <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> species compared with ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin. Seven N1-modified fluoroquinolones were subsequently synthesized and tested against a panel of Gram-negative pathogens to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values. Gram-negative outer membrane penetration was investigated using the membrane permeabilizer polymyxin B nonapeptide and compound efflux <i>via</i> resistance-nodulation-division-family efflux transporters was evaluated using the known efflux pump inhibitor phenylalanine-arginine β-naphthylamide. Additionally, the target inhibitory activity of representative compound <b>6e</b> was determined in a cell-free environment. A correlation between N1 substituent hydrophobicity and activity was observed across the MIC panel, with compound activity decreasing with increased hydrophobicity. Those compounds with highest hydrophobicity were inactive because of poor solubility profiles whereas compounds with intermediate hydrophobicity were inactive because of impaired outer membrane penetration, and reduced inhibition of topoisomerase targets, the latter in contrast to modeling predictions. This study adds new information to the fluoroquinolone SAR and suggests limited utility of large hydrophobic substituents at the N1 position of fluoroquinolones.
Titanium-Mediated Fragment Union Processes in Complex Molecule Synthesis: Development of a Branched Reaction Pathway of High Step Economy for the Synthesis of Complex and Diverse Polyketides (2008)

We describe a synthetic pathway to structurally complex and diverse polyketides based, in part, on regio- and stereoselective titanium-mediated coupling reactions. The sequences described allow for rapid assembly of polyketide-inspired architecture while providing significant flexibility for the establishment of diverse stereochemical relationships and substitution patterns along the carbon backbone (including stereodefined alkenes and 1,3-dienes, saturated and unsaturated lactones, hemiketals, α,β-unsaturated carbonyls, and spiroketals).
HIV-1 Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors and Neurodevelopment (2022)

Children born to mothers, with or at risk, of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection are on the rise due to affordable access of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to pregnant women or those of childbearing age. Each year, up to 1.3 million HIV-1-infected women on ART have given birth with recorded mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission rates of less than 1%. Despite this benefit, the outcomes of children exposed to antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy, especially pre- and post- natal neurodevelopment remain incompletely understood. This is due, in part, to the fact that pregnant women are underrepresented in clinical trials. This is underscored by any potential risks of neural tube defects (NTDs) linked, in measure, to periconceptional usage of dolutegravir (DTG). A potential association between DTG and NTDs was first described in Botswana in 2018. Incidence studies of neurodevelopmental outcomes associated with DTG, and other integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are limited as widespread use of INSTIs has begun only recently in pregnant women. Therefore, any associations between INSTI use during pregnancy, and neurodevelopmental abnormalities remain to be explored. Herein, United States Food and Drug Administration approved ARVs and their use during pregnancy are discussed. We provide updates on INSTI pharmacokinetics and adverse events during pregnancy together with underlying mechanisms which could affect fetal neurodevelopment. Overall, this review seeks to educate both clinical and basic scientists on potential consequences of INSTIs on fetal outcomes as a foundation for future scientific investigations.
Dietary deficiency of N-3 fatty acids alters rhodopsin content and function in the rat retina. (1994)

A reduced capacity for photon absorption by rhodopsin could play a role in lowering retinal sensitivity to light in n-3 fatty-acid-deficient rats.
Characterization of a single port aluminum nitride tuning fork (2010)

In this study the characterization of an aluminum nitride (A1N) double ended tuning fork (DETF) fabricated on a layer of silicon dioxide (SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) is presented. The positive temperature coefficients of SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> are used to achieve zero TCF for radio frequency (RF) Lamb wave resonators. This paper shows the possibility to integrate temperature compensated Lamb wave resonators with DETF-based devices on a single chip. The DETF resonates in a quasi-in-plane mode shape with a Q-factor of 578 in air and 3028 in vacuum. Through a laser Doppler velocity (LDV) measurement we also show that, due to the biomorph nature of the structure and the angle of the side walls, the motion of each tine of the DETF is a combination of in-plane bending, out-of-plane bending and torsional motion around the beam main axis.
Performance of In-Band Transmission of System Information in Massive MIMO Systems (2017)

We consider transmission of system information in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO). This information needs to be reliably delivered to inactive users in the cell without any channel state information at the base station. Downlink transmission entails the use of downlink pilots and a special type of precoding that aims to reduce the dimension of the downlink channel and the pilot overhead, which would otherwise scale with the number of base station antennas. We consider a scenario in which the base station transmits over a small number of coherence intervals, providing little time/frequency diversity. The system information is transmitted with orthogonal space-time block codes to increase reliability and performance is measured using outage rates. Several different codes are compared, both for spatially correlated and uncorrelated channels and for varying amounts of time/frequency diversity. We show that a massive MIMO base station can outperform a single-antenna base station in all considered scenarios.
Synthese und Struktur von Ni(2,6-iPr2C6H3N = CH – CH =NC6H3-2,6-iPr2)2. Synthesis and Structure of Ni(2,6-iPr2C6H3N=CH–CH = NC6H3-2,6-iPr2)2 (1990)

Ni(cdt)** reacts with two equivalents of the sterically highly demanding 1,4-diazadiene 2,6- i Pr 2 C 6 H 3 N =CH –CH =NC 6 H 3 -2,6- i Pr, to yield the red-brown, crystalline title compound Ni(2,6- i Pr 2 Ph-dad) 2 (3). The existence of this compound was previously uncertain. 1 H and 13 C NMR, MS, and UV/VIS spectra of 3 are reported. The X-ray structure analysis of 3 revealed a strongly distorted tetrahedral coordination of the nickel center with a dihedral angle of 51 between the planes of the chelate rings and mean bond lengths Ni-Ν 1.965(4) Å and N=CH 1.308(5) Å. The poorly soluble compound appears to be rather unreactive because of the bulk of the ligands.
A new angiotensin II generating system in the vascular wall (1983)

Responses of isolated dog and monkey vessels to angiotensin(A) I were not abolished by an AI-converting enzyme(ACE) inhibitor, SA446(SA), even at high concentrations, but by All antagonists. SA abolised the hydrolysis of Hip-His-Leu, a substrate of ACE, by crude extracts of vessels, but only partly reduced the generation of All from AI. The remaining All generation after ACE inhibition was abolished by chymostatin and soybean trypsin inhibitor and partly inhibited by Tos-PheCH2CL, but was not affected by leupeptin and aprotinin. These findings suggest that some chymotrypsin-like enzyme is involved in the All generation when ACE is completely inhibited. Chymostatin did not inhibit the hydrolysis of Suc-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-MCA, a substrate of chymotrypsin, by crude tissue extracts. Therefore, the new enzyme postulated here does not appear to be identical to chymotrypsin. The activity of this enzyme is high in lungs and pulmonary veins. Using AI as a substrate, the pH optimum for this enzyme is about 8.5, whereas those for ACE and tonin are 7.5 and 6.8, respectively. Combined pretreatment with SA and chymostatin abolished the vascular responses to AI. It is concluded that ACE and the chymotrypsin-like enzyme share the generation of All in the vascular wall and that AI has no inherent action on the vessels.
Chemiluminescence and electrochemiluminescence detection of controlled drugs (2010)

We review the determination of various controlled drugs (opioids, tranquilizers, stimulants, and hallucinogens) using flow-analysis methodologies (flow injection analysis, high performance liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, and microfluidic devices) with chemiluminescence and electrochemiluminescence reagents such as luminol, diaryloxalates, tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II), permanganate, manganese(IV), and sulfite, for industrial, clinical, pharmaceutical, and forensic science applications.
Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Fiber Matrix Separation during Compression Molding of Long Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics (2017)

During the compression molding of long fiber reinforced plastics, significant deviations in fiber content have been observed. These can lead to a decrease of mechanical properties, which could ultimately lead to component failure. Experiments in compression molding with long fiber reinforced plastics in a complex structure show significant fiber jamming and decrease in fiber content in ribbed sections. The occurring Fiber Matrix Separation (FMS) during processing is assumed to be caused by intensive fiber interaction. The governing mechanisms on FMS are evaluated and a mechanistic model is applied to simulate and predict the effect of FMS during compression molding.
<p>Spatial Patterns of Amyloid Deposition in Patients with Chronic Focal or Diffuse Traumatic Brain Injury Using <sup>18</sup>F-FPYBF-2 PET</p> (2020)

Varying spatial patterns of amyloid deposition suggest amyloid pathology diversity depending on the injury type in chronic-TBI patients.
Cartridge-based thermoelectric systems (2023)

Cartridge-based thermoelectric assemblies and systems are provided which include at least one shunt configured to extend around a conduit, a plurality of thermoelectric elements in thermal communication and in electrical communication with the at least one shunt with at least a portion of the at least one shunt sandwiched between the at least one first thermoelectric element and the at least one second thermoelectric element. The thermoelectric elements are electrically isolated from the conduit. The thermoelectric assemblies and systems further include at least one heat exchanger in thermal communication with the at least one shunt and configured to be in thermal communication with a second fluid.
Customized OS support for data-processing (2016)

For decades, database engines have found the generic interfaces offered by the operating systems at odds with the need for efficient utilization of hardware resources. As a result, most engines circumvent the OS and manage hardware directly. With the growing complexity and heterogeneity of modern hardware, database engines are now facing a steep increase in the complexity they must absorb to achieve good performance. Taking advantage of recent proposals in operating system design, such as multi-kernels, in this paper we explore the development of a light weight OS kernel tailored for data processing and discuss its benefits for simplifying the design and improving the performance of data management systems.
RTX accelerated ray tracing with OptiX 7 (2020)

No abstract available.
Pd-Catalyzed Suzuki coupling reactions of aryl halides containing basic nitrogen centers with arylboronic acids in water in the absence of added base (2017)

Successful Suzuki reactions of basic nitrogen containing aryl chlorides/bromides with arylboronic acids in water without added base, partially or entirely under acidic conditions.
Mucin Antigen Presentation Using Dendritic Cells (2000)

The study of humoral and cellular responses to mucins requires many of the standard immunologic techniques, although working with molecules as large as mucins sometimes leads to logistic problems. This chapter focuses on some of the techniques that may be used to analyze the immune response to mucins using dendritic cells to present mucin peptides.
PWCET: Power-Aware Worst Case Execution Time Analysis (2014)

Worst case execution time (WCET) analysis is used to verify that real-time tasks on systems can be executed without violating any timing constraints. Power consumption is not considered in most of the WCET research work. However, real-time embedded systems have limited power resources and the leakage power cost by the cache could take up to 40% of the total power consumption. Because of the nature of data reuse in programs, not all of the cache may be needed during the execution. Traditional WCET analysis, which derives the WCET bound by assuming all cache is utilized, results in higher power dissipation. In this paper, we propose a Power-aware WCET analysis framework (PWCET) to improve energy efficiency by reducing cache size with no penalty on the WCET result. A compiler analysis based useful cache calculation algorithm is used to determine the non-useful cache size to be turned off to save power. Experiments on benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness of the PWCET framework in obtaining considerable power savings without any effect on WCET bounds.
Mixed-integer programming models and methods for bilevel fair network optimization and energy cogeneration planning (2015)

In questa tesi studiamo due problemi di ottimizzazione lineare misto-intera, con applicazioni nei sistemi
di telecomunicazione e di generazione di energia, con tecniche di programmazione matematica.

La prima parte della tesi si concentra su un problema bilivello di flussi multi-commodity soggetto a vincoli di
equita, motivato dall'instradamento in reti internet con servizio best-effort.
L'obiettivo dell'operatore di rete e massimizzare una funzione di utilita (e.g., il throughput sulla rete),
selezionando i cammini di instradamento, mentre e il protocollo di trasporto distribuito che alloca i singoli flussi.
Definiamo quindi il problema bilivello di flusso massimo soggetto a vincoli di equita (maximum-throughput
Unsplittable Flow Problem subject to Max-Min Fair flow allocation, UFP-MMF),
in cui al livello superiore si vogliono determinare i cammini di instradamento che massimizzino il throughput totale,
mentre al secondo livello il flusso e allocato alle coppie origine-destinazione secondo il criterio di Max-Min Fairness.
Dopo aver motivato e studiato il problema dal punto di vista teorico, proponiamo due metodi basati su programmazione matematica misto-intera, ed un metodo di ricerca locale che permette di trovare buone soluzioni con tempi di calcolo ridotti.

La seconda parte della tesi studia un problema di scheduling operazionale in sistemi di cogenerazione di energia
con sistemi di accumulo termico, dove si vuole determinare le operazioni di un insieme di unita (co)generative in modo da
soddisfare le domande di energia elettrica e termica degli utenti e minimizzare i costi.
Ci concentriamo su formulazioni di programmazione lineare e nonlineare misto-intera, e su alcune varianti di base del problema, per
cui esistono algoritmi polinomiali. Discutiamo inoltre alcuni casi reali, in cui occorre risolvere problemi a piu lungo termine,
per tenere conto di vincoli annuali.
The control of maize spikelet meristem fate by the APETALA2-like gene indeterminate spikelet1 (1998)

The orderly production of meristems with specific fates is crucial for the proper elaboration of plant architecture. The maize inflorescence meristem branches several times to produce lateral meristems with determinate fates. The first meristem formed, the spikelet pair meristem, produces two spikelet meristems, each of which produces two floral meristems. We have identified a gene called indeterminate spikelet1 (ids1) that specifies a determinate spikelet meristem fate and thereby limits the number of floral meristems produced. In the absence of ids1 gene function, the spikelet meristem becomes indeterminate and produces additional florets. Members of the grass family vary in the number of florets within their spikelets, suggesting that ids1 may play a role in inflorescence architecture in other grass species. ids1 is a member of the APETALA2 (AP2) gene family of transcription factors that has been implicated in a wide range of plant development roles. Expression of ids1 was detected in many types of lateral organ primordia as well as spikelet meristems. Our analysis of the ids1 mutant phenotype and expression pattern indicates that ids1 specifies determinate fates by suppressing indeterminate growth within the spikelet meristem.
Visible to vacuum-UV range optical absorption of oxygen dangling bonds in amorphous SiO2 (2011)

Synthetic silica glass with an optical absorption spectrum dominated by oxygen dangling bonds (nonbridging oxygen hole centers, or NBOHCs) and having negligible (1%) contribution from the usually copresent Si dangling bonds (E\ensuremath{'}-centers), was prepared by room temperature ultraviolet photobleaching of high SiOH content (``wet'') silica, irradiated by F${}_{2}$ laser (7.9 eV) at $T$ = 80 K. This allowed us to obtain the up-to-now controversial optical absorption spectrum of NBOHC in the ultraviolet and vacuum-ultraviolet (UV-VUV) region of the spectrum and to show that it is semicontinuous from 4 to 7.8 eV and cannot be represented by a pair of distinct Gaussian bands. Since NBOHC is one of the main UV-VUV range optical absorbers in silica, its spectral shape provides a tool to disentangle contributions of different color centers to optical losses in this spectral region.
Warm Heart Surgery: Concept, Concerns, and Future Course (1993)

Hypothermia has been considered a prerequisite for decreasing oxygen consumption and providing myocardial protection. The decrease in myocardial oxygen consumption however, is more closely related to the state of electromechanical arrest than to hypothermia. The rationale for warm blood cardioplegia is based not only on electromechanical quiescence but equally on facilitation of O2 delivery. This report outlines the basis for the concepts, the various concerns and the possible future directions of warm blood cardioplegia.