gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extreme super-resolution using the spherical geodesic waveguide (2012)

Leonhardt demonstrated (2009) that the 2D Maxwell Fish Eye lens (MFE) can focus perfectly 2D Helmholtz waves of arbitrary frequency, i.e., it can transport perfectly an outward (monopole) 2D Helmholtz wave field, generated by a point source, towards a "perfect point drain" located at the corresponding image point. Moreover, a prototype with &lambda;/5 super-resolution (SR) property for one microwave frequency has been manufactured and tested (Ma et al, 2010). Although this prototype has been loaded with an impedance different from the "perfect point drain", it has shown super-resolution property. However, neither software simulations nor experimental measurements for a broad band of frequencies have yet been reported. Here we present steady state simulations for two cases, using perfect drain as suggested by Leonhardt and without perfect drain as in the prototype. All the simulations have been done using a device equivalent to the MFE, called the Spherical Geodesic Waveguide (SGW). The results show the super-resolution up to &lambda;/3000, for the system loaded with the perfect drain, and up to &lambda; /500 for a not perfect load. In both cases super-resolution only happens for discrete number of frequencies. Out of these frequencies, the SGW does not show super-resolution in the analysis carried out.
VS-Quant: Per-vector Scaled Quantization for Accurate Low-Precision Neural Network Inference (2021)

Quantization enables efficient acceleration of deep neural networks by reducing model memory footprint and exploiting low-cost integer math hardware units. Quantization maps floating-point weights and activations in a trained model to low-bitwidth integer values using scale factors. Excessive quantization, reducing precision too aggressively, results in accuracy degradation. When scale factors are shared at a coarse granularity across many dimensions of each tensor, effective precision of individual elements within the tensor are limited. To reduce quantization-related accuracy loss, we propose using a separate scale factor for each small vector of ($\approx$16-64) elements within a single dimension of a tensor. To achieve an efficient hardware implementation, the per-vector scale factors can be implemented with low-bitwidth integers when calibrated using a two-level quantization scheme. We find that per-vector scaling consistently achieves better inference accuracy at low precision compared to conventional scaling techniques for popular neural networks without requiring retraining. We also modify a deep learning accelerator hardware design to study the area and energy overheads of per-vector scaling support. Our evaluation demonstrates that per-vector scaled quantization with 4-bit weights and activations achieves 37% area saving and 24% energy saving while maintaining over 75% accuracy for ResNet50 on ImageNet. 4-bit weights and 8-bit activations achieve near-full-precision accuracy for both BERT-base and BERT-large on SQuAD while reducing area by 26% compared to an 8-bit baseline.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Aryl Sulfonamides via Palladium‐Catalyzed Chlorosulfonylation of Arylboronic Acids. (2013)

Abstract A novel, mild palladium‐catalyzed chlorosulfonylation of boronic acids is developed.
Laser-based microchemical analysis (1990)

Microchemical analysis is the determination of the chemical composition of small volume samples, typically smaller than 1 mm3. The spatial coherence of the laser has been exploited by workers in many fields to probe these small volume samples. This review considers three classes of microchemical analyses: detectors for microscale separations, spectroscopic studies of minute volume samples, and laser-based microscopy. In the first case, high-sensitivity laser-based detectors are coupled with high-efficiency separation techniques to produce powerful analytical tools for submicroliter volume samples. In the second case, highly selective measurements are made on small volume samples through use of either immunological reagents or spectroscopically rich techniques. In the third case, high spatial resolution images of solid samples are created by recording a spectroscopic signal as a sample is moved with respect to a tightly focused laser beam. In each case, measurements with uniquely high sensitivity, selectivity, and spatial resolution are made possible by use of a laser beam.
The Physiological Variation of the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness and Macular Volume in Humans as Assessed by Spectral Domain–Optical Coherence Tomography (2012)

This prospective study demonstrated a significant physiological variation of the RNFL thickness and MV at a proportion that, on an individual patient level, may be relevant for longitudinal studies in neurodegenerative diseases.
Placental alkaline phosphatase as a tumor marker for seminoma. (1982)

A sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay was used in a retrospective study of serum levels of placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) in testicular cancer. Sixteen of 28 men with active seminoma had elevated PLAP levels, and 71% had elevated levels of either PLAP, human chorionic gonadotropin, or both. Only four of 22 men with active nonseminomatous cancer had elevated PLAP levels, and the levels were normal in all control patients, including 33 men apparently cured of testicular cancer. In six of ten serial studies, PLAP levels provided information not otherwise available that would have been useful clinically, and the levels never were elevated inappropriately. Our data suggest that PLAP is a clinically useful serum tumor marker for seminoma.
Instantaneous Degelling Thermoresponsive Hydrogel (2021)

Responsive polymeric hydrogels have found wide application in the clinic as injectable, biocompatible, and biodegradable materials capable of controlled release of therapeutics. In this article, we introduce a thermoresponsive polymer hydrogel bearing covalent disulfide bonds. The cold aqueous polymer solution forms a hydrogel upon heating to physiological temperatures and undergoes slow degradation by hydrolytic cleavage of ester bonds. The disulfide functionality allows for immediate reductive cleavage of the redox-sensitive bond embedded within the polymer structure, affording the option of instantaneous hydrogel collapse. Poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(lactic acid)-S-S-poly(lactic acid)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-PLA-SS-PLA-PEG) copolymer was synthesized by grafting PEG to PLA-SS-PLA via urethane linkages. The aqueous solution of the resultant copolymer was a free-flowing solution at ambient temperatures and formed a hydrogel above 32 °C. The immediate collapsibility of the hydrogel was displayed via reaction with NaBH<sub>4</sub> as a relatively strong reducing agent, yet stability was displayed even in glutathione solution, in which the polymer degraded slowly by hydrolytic degradation. The polymeric hydrogel is capable of either long-term or immediate degradation and thus represents an attractive candidate as a biocompatible material for the controlled release of drugs.
The White Light Supercontinuum Is Indeed an Ultrafast White Light Laser (1999)

We identify the white light supercontinuum generated by femtosecond Ti-sapphire laser pulses as an ultrafast white light laser because the relative coherence lengths of all the wavelength components of the supercontinuum are essentially the same as that of the laser pulse when compared to an incoherent white light source.
Progressive Streaming of Compressed 3D Graphics in a Web Browser (2014)

International audience
Supplemental Figure Legend for Supplemental Figure 1 from Detection of an Immunogenic HERV-E Envelope with Selective Expression in Clear Cell Kidney Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure Legend for Supplemental Figure 1&lt;/p&gt;
Identification of protein phosphatase 2A as the major tyrosine hydroxylase phosphatase in adrenal medulla and corpus striatum: evidence from the effects of okadaic acid (1989)

(i) The major sites on bovine adrenal tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) phosphorylated by calmodulin-dependent multiprotein kinase (CaM-MPK) and cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase were shown to be Ser-19 and Ser-40, respectively, while Ser-40 was also phosphorylated slowly by CaM-MPK. (ii) Type 2A and type 2C phosphatases accounted for approximately 90% and approximately 10% of TH phosphatase activity, respectively, in extracts of adrenal medulla and corpus striatum assayed at near physiological free Mg2+ (1 mM), while type 1 and type 2B phosphatases had negligible activity towards TH. (iii) Incubation of adrenal chromaffin cells with okadaic acid increased TH phosphorylation by 206% and activity by 77%, establishing that type 2A phosphatases play a major role in regulating TH in vivo.
Effectiveness factors and mass transfer in trickle‐bed reactors (1979)

Abstract Rates of hydrogenation of α‐methyl styrene were measured at 40.6°C and 1 atm in a recycle, trickle‐bed reactor using a palladium/aluminum oxide catalyst. Data for different hydrogen concentrations in the gas and liquid feed streams suggested that except, at high liquid flow rates, on part of the outer surface of the catalyst the mass transfer limitation was very small, indicating a gas covered type of surface. A procedure was developed for evaluating effectiveness factors for the nonuniform boundary conditions existing when part of the particle surface is covered by gas.
Reliable Multimedia Download Delivery in Cellular Broadcast Networks (2007)

Raptor codes have been standardized as application layer forward error correction (FEC) codes for Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Services (MBMS) and Digital Video Broadcast (DVB) due to their extraordinary advanced FEC protection and performance. Raptor codes are known to have characteristics very close to ideal and provide a wide range of operating flexibility and efficiency unmatched by other codes, and in particular they are an excellent implementation of fountain codes. Until now, investigations of the application of Raptor codes to UMTS and EPGRS have used an overall system model that does not accurately model the physical channel and user mobility, simplistically assuming independent random packet losses at the application layer. We investigate MBMS in UMTS in a much more realistic and complete simulation environment by considering advanced and complete channel models that simulate the physical channel and user mobility in a cellular network. We use this realisitic simulation environment to determine optimal system parameters under different mobility models, with different bearer parameters, and without and with selective combining. More specifically, we investigate joint settings of the Raptor code rate, the Turbo code rate, transmission power, etc., to find settings which provide reliable download delivery of files using minimal transmission energy. One of our main results is that optimal system-wide operating points use low transmission power and a modest amount of Turbo coding that results in relatively large radio packet loss rates that is compensated for by using a substantial amount of Raptor coding. These optimal operating points use far less transmission energy for download delivery of files than possible operating points without Raptor
A direct RF sampling multifrequency GPS receiver (2003)

The future satellite positioning/navigation systems (both GPS and Galileo) will provide civil signals on multiple frequencies, similar to that currently available only for military use. The multiple distinct frequencies will provide many advantages to users of the navigation systems. This paper presents a direct RF sampling front end design well suited for multiple frequency satellite navigation receiver design. No frequency down conversion is necessary, rather the particular frequency bands of interest are intentionally aliased using a wide band ADC. The resulting samples are passed, via a doubling buffering FPGA design, to the memory space of a host PC for storage as well as eventually processing of the multiple frequency transmissions. This paper describes the design of the front-end, validates its concept with collected data, and discusses the variations on the design of a generic multiple frequency GPS front end.
A current-sensorless digital controller for active power factor correction control based on Kalman filters (2008)

For low-power AC-DC converters, power factor correction (PFC) can be accomplished simply with certain converters operating in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM). At higher power levels, DCM results in higher losses, so most PFC converters use current feedback to actively track the correct current waveshape. This work presents a way to provide PFC control without the current sensor, by replacing the sensor with a Kalman filter, which is essentially a stochastic observer. Experimental results verify its high power factor and low total harmonic distortion (THD).
Higher‐output more‐compact UHP lamp systems (2003)

Abstract— Projection systems have reached convincing performance with several thousand screen lumens created by systems of only a few liters in volume. With more than 10 lm/W they are the most efficient display systems realized today. The tremendous progress achieved up to now relies on the outstanding properties of the UHP lamp. The combination of high brightness with lifetimes extending up to more than 10,000 hours is ideal for projection applications. This paper will summarize some recent technological achievements: the volume of the lamp and driver system has been reduced by a factor of 10, exploiting a reduced ignition voltage as well as new optical concepts for the reflector. The optical performance of short‐arc projection lamps can be improved dramatically: a dichroic coating on one half of the UHP burner is applied to focus all light into one hemisphere. This allows for extremely compact reflector systems and an improvement by 20–30% in light collection.
A first-order analysis of lighting, shading, and shadows (2007)

The shading in a scene depends on a combination of many factors---how the lighting varies spatially across a surface, how it varies along different directions, the geometric curvature and reflectance properties of objects, and the locations of soft shadows. In this article, we conduct a complete first-order or gradient analysis of lighting, shading, and shadows, showing how each factor separately contributes to scene appearance, and when it is important. Gradients are well-suited to analyzing the intricate combination of appearance effects, since each gradient term corresponds directly to variation in a specific factor. First, we show how the spatial and directional gradients of the light field change as light interacts with curved objects. This extends the recent frequency analysis of Durand et al. [2005] to gradients, and has many advantages for operations, like bump mapping, that are difficult to analyze in the Fourier domain. Second, we consider the individual terms responsible for shading gradients, such as lighting variation, convolution with the surface BRDF, and the object's curvature. This analysis indicates the relative importance of various terms, and shows precisely how they combine in shading. Third, we understand the effects of soft shadows, computing accurate visibility gradients, and generalizing previous work to arbitrary curved occluders. As one practical application, our visibility gradients can be directly used with conventional ray-tracing methods in practical gradient interpolation methods for efficient rendering. Moreover, our theoretical framework can be used to adaptively sample images in high-gradient regions for efficient rendering.
Loss of lysine-specific demethylase 1 nonautonomously causes stem cell tumors in the Drosophila ovary (2011)

Specialized microenvironments called niches keep stem cells in an undifferentiated and self-renewing state. Dedicated stromal cells form niches by producing a variety of factors that act directly on stem cells. The size and signaling output of niches must be finely tuned to ensure proper tissue homeostasis. Although advances have been made in identifying factors that promote niche cell fate, the mechanisms that restrict niche cell formation during development and limit niche signaling output in adults remain poorly understood. Here, we show that the histone lysine-specific demethylase 1 (Lsd1) regulates the size of the germline stem cell (GSC) niche in Drosophila ovaries. GSC maintenance depends on bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signals produced by a small cluster of cap cells located at the anterior tip of the germarium. Lsd1 null mutant ovaries carry small germline tumors containing an expanded number of GSC-like cells with round fusomes that display ectopic BMP signal responsiveness away from the normal niche. Clonal analysis and cell type-specific rescue experiments demonstrate that Lsd1 functions within the escort cells (ECs) that reside immediately adjacent to cap cells and prevents them from ectopically producing niche-specific signals. Temporally restricted gene knockdown experiments suggest that Lsd1 functions both during development, to specify EC fate, and in adulthood, to prevent ECs from forming ectopic niches independent of changes in cell fate. Further analysis shows that Lsd1 functions to repress decapentaplegic (dpp) expression in adult germaria. The role of Lsd1 in regulating niche-specific signals may have important implications for understanding how disruption of its mammalian homolog contributes to cancer and metastasis.
Improving Semantic Segmentation through Spatio-Temporal Consistency\n Learned from Videos (2020)

We leverage unsupervised learning of depth, egomotion, and camera intrinsics\nto improve the performance of single-image semantic segmentation, by enforcing\n3D-geometric and temporal consistency of segmentation masks across video\nframes. The predicted depth, egomotion, and camera intrinsics are used to\nprovide an additional supervision signal to the segmentation model,\nsignificantly enhancing its quality, or, alternatively, reducing the number of\nlabels the segmentation model needs. Our experiments were performed on the\nScanNet dataset.\n
Introduction: the 12th Biennial Rivkin Center Ovarian Cancer Research Symposium (2019)

In September 2018, the 12th Biennial Ovarian Cancer Research Symposium was presented by the Rivkin Center for Ovarian Cancer and the American Association for Cancer Research, in Seattle, WA, USA. The 2018 Symposium focused on four broad areas of research: Detection and Prevention of Ovarian Cancer, Genomics and Molecular Mechanisms of Ovarian Cancer, Tumor Microenvironment and Immunology of Ovarian Cancer, and Novel Therapeutics: Response and Resistance of Ovarian Cancer. In addition, a special panel on the 'Role of Advocates in Ovarian Cancer Research' was featured.
A 1.2&#x2013;5Gb/s 1.4&#x2013;2pJ/b serial link in 22nm CMOS with a direct data-sequencing blind oversampling CDR (2015)

A scalable-rate serial link - comprising of a bidirectional transmitter (TX)/receiver (RX) and two all-digital PLLs (ADPLLs) - operates at 1.2-5Gb/s from 0.55-0.7V DC supply with 1.4-2pJ/b total energy efficiency, respectively. Power efficiency is improved by avoiding the use of any analog circuitry, a low swing voltage-mode transmitter, and a direct data-sequencing blind oversampling (DDS-BOS) clock and data recovery (CDR). Using DDS in feed-forward BOS-CDR obviates area and power consuming FIFOs, improves jitter tolerance (JTOL), and permits up to 7500ppm frequency tolerance (FTOL) between the TX-RX clocks - rendering it attractive for fast-locking continuous/burst operation.
Statistical Analysis of Linear and Non-Linear Regression for the Estimation of Adsorption Isotherm Parameters (2013)

A very common practice during the parameter estimation of adsorption isotherms, including the well-known Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, consists in manipulating the isotherm equation to obtain a linear equation and estimate the model parameters using a linear least squares method. This procedure is also usually used for estimating the thermodynamic adsorption parameters, despite the fact that personal computers and software are available for prompt implementation of non-linear solutions of the original parameter-estimation problem. For this reason, the main purpose of this work is to show that the use of linear least-squares methods for estimating adsorption isotherm parameters leads to some serious drawbacks, which can be readily avoided through proper use of non-linear procedures and posterior statistical analyses of the parameter-estimation results, enhancing the quality of the obtained results.
Airway Epithelium Respiratory Illnesses and Allergy (AERIAL) birth cohort: study protocol (2023)

Ethical approval has been obtained from Ramsey Health Care HREC WA-SA (#1908). Results will be disseminated through open-access peer-reviewed manuscripts, conference presentations, and through different media channels to consumers, ORIGINS families, and the wider community.
ChemInform Abstract: STERIC AND ELECTRONIC FACTORS WHICH EFFECT THE THERMAL CYCLIZATION OF META‐SUBSTITUTED ARYL PROPARGYL ETHERS, SYNTHESIS OF 5‐ AND 7‐SUBSTITUTED 3‐CHROMENES (1974)

Abstract Aus den beiden m‐substituierten Phenylpropargyläthern (Ia) und (Ib) entstehen thermisch die Chromene (II) und (III), Aus (IV) entstehen die beiden Cyclisierungsproduk te (V) und (VI).
Noncontact Vital Sign Sensor Using Self-Injection-Locked (SIL) Technology and Frequency-to-Power Converter (FPC) (2021)

This study proposes a self-injection-locked (SIL) radar operating in the 2.36-2.39 GHz medical body area networks (MBAN) band for noncontact vital sign monitoring. The frequency-to-power converter (FPC), containing a surface acoustic wave band-pass filter (SAW BPF) and a power detector, is used to extract the SIL oscillator’s (SILO) output frequency variation caused by the injection signal reflected from the environment. This work verifies that the FPC achieves the same SNR performance as the delay discriminator common in existing SIL radars, with a cost of merely 0.74%. Moreover, the computation efficiency is also improved by 95% by resolving IQ mismatch and dc offset issues. Experimental results show that the prototype can provide exact cardiopulmonary information of the seated subject with a maximum sensing range of 3.5 m.