gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The NMI build & test laboratory: continuous integration framework for distributed computing software (2006)

We present a framework for building and testing software in a heterogeneous, multi-user, distributed computing environment. Unlike other systems for automated builds and tests, our framework is not tied to a specific developer tool, revision control system, or testing framework, and allows access to computing resources across administrative boundaries. Users define complex software building procedures for multiple platforms with simple semantics. The system balances the need to continually integrate software changes while still providing on-demand access for developers. Our key contributions in this paper are: (1) the development of design principles for distributed build-and-test systems, (2) a description of an implemented system that satisfies those principles, and (3) case studies on how this system is used in practice at two sites where large, multi-component systems are built and tested.
Silanediol Inhibitors of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme. Synthesis and Evaluation of Four Diastereomers of Phe[Si]Ala Dipeptide Analogues1 (2005)

Four stereoisomers of a Phe-Ala silanediol dipeptide mimic have been evaluated as inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and compared to ketone-based inhibitors reported by Almquist et al. One stereogenic center of the isomers was derived from the individual enantiomers of methyl 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropionate, with separation of diastereomers after introduction of the second stereogenic center. The diastereomeric identities were established by X-ray crystallography of an intermediate. Inhibition of ACE by three of the silanediol diastereomers (IC(50) = 3.8-207 nM) closely paralleled that of the corresponding diastereomeric ketones (IC(50) = 1.0-46 nM). The fourth diastereomer, corresponding to the least inhibitory ketone (IC(50) = 3200 nM), exhibited an unexpected level of inhibition in the silanediol (IC(50) = 72 nM), suggesting an alternative mode of binding to the enzyme.
How do international gastric cancer prevention guidelines influence clinical practice globally? (2020)

Clinical guidelines recommend particular approaches, including 'screen-and-treat' strategy for Helicobacter pylori, to prevent gastric cancer. However, little of this is implemented in clinical practice. The aim of the study was to identify barriers to implementation of international guidelines. A web-based questionnaire distributed globally to specialists in the field. Altogether 886 responses from 75 countries were received. Of the responders, 570 (64%) were men of mean age 47 years. There were 606 gastroenterologists and 65 epidemiologists among the responders. Altogether, 79.8% of the responders disagreed that the burden of gastric cancer is a diminishing problem. 'Screen-and-treat' strategy for H. pylori in the responder's country was considered appropriate by 44.4%, inappropriate by 24.3%, with 31.3% being uncertain. Population-based screening for gastric cancer was considered appropriate in the respective home-country by 62.2%, in other areas - but not the home country - by 27.6%, and inappropriate by 10.2%. As a screening tool, upper endoscopy was acceptable by 35.6%, upper X-ray series by 55.3%, pepsinogens by 26.2% and breath-tests by 23.4%; accuracy, cost-effectiveness and feasibility among the tests varied widely. The attitude towards H. pylori vaccination was that 4.6% of the responders were eager to start vaccination immediately, 55.9% were supporting vaccination but considered that more data are required 12% were negative, and 27.6% did not have an opinion. In general, the attitude of the specialists was in line with guidelines, but was not always translated into clinical practice, particularly in the case of 'screen-and-treat' strategy.
ChemInform Abstract: ADDITION VON ORGANOMAGNESIUM‐VERBINDUNGEN AN NICHT AKTIVIERTE C=C‐DOPPELBINDUNGEN 5. MITT. INTRAMOLEKULARE CYCLISIERUNG VON 4‐ALKENYL‐MAGNESIUMHALOGENIDEN ZU CYCLOBUTYLDERIVATEN (1973)

Abstract Die Anlagerung des Butenylmagnesiumchlorids (I) an l‐Octen (II) bei 123°C führt zu den Magnesiumaddukten (III) und (VI), aus denen bei der Hydrolyse die entsprechenden Kohlenwasserstoffe gebildet werden.
How context helps: A discriminative codeword selection method for object detection (2010)

We first propose in this paper to localize objects in images based on the models learned from the weakly labeled images. This task is termed as region of interest (ROI) detection. Local features such as SIFT or HOG are extracted and the discriminative words from clustered codewords based on SIFT and HOG are selected to model the objects. Then how to find the discriminative words to model the object is important. Existing ROI detection methods consider the information from the foreground objects by selecting the words appearing more in the images belonging to one specific image class. Considering the information from background/context is also helpful for object detection and classification, we propose to select the discriminative words which appear more in the foreground/object and less in the background/context. Second, another task is to give the class label (object in this setting) for a given image and also give the position of the object appearing in the image. This task is termed as objection detection. A normal way for this task after ROI is to extract features from the detected regions and not from the whole image. Since the discriminative words extracted during ROI detection has good discriminative ability, we propose to use these words for object detection. Experimental results on PASCAL VOC 2006 dataset and a larger dataset containing 29 classes demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Porous Chromium Terephthalate MIL‐101 with Coordinatively Unsaturated Sites: Surface Functionalization, Encapsulation, Sorption and Catalysis (2009)

Recent ideas concerning site-selective functionalization of chromium terephtha-late MIL-101 are discussed, focusing on the utilization of unsaturated Cr(III) sites (see image). Recent advances in synthesis, selective surface functionalization, outstanding sorption properties, encapsulation of nanoobjects, and catalytic applications in MIL-101 are also discussed.
Photoisomerization Quantum Yield and Apparent Energy Content of the K Intermediate in the Photocycles of Bacteriorhodopsin, Its Mutants D85N, R82Q, and D212N, and Deionized Blue Bacteriorhodopsin (1996)

The quantum yield of photoisomerization and the energy content of the K intermediate in the photocycle of bacteriorhodopsin and its mutants D85N, R82Q, and D212N and deionized blue bR were measured. Transient optical absorption and photoacoustic spectroscopy with excitation using 400 fs laser pulse were combined to obtain results. The spectroscopic characteristics of the excited state, the J and K intermediates in the photocycle of the mutants, and deionized blue bR were determined. The presence of both 13-cis and all-trans isomers in the ground state of light-adapted D85N, R82Q, and D212N and deionized blue bR makes extraction of the quantum yield for each isomer difficult. Thus, only average values of the quantum yield for these samples were determined. The replacement of charged groups in the vicinity of the retinal Schiff base was found to decrease the rate of the photoisomerization by up to 30 times, but with no signficant change in either the apparent quantum yield of the photoisomerization or the energy stored in the K intermediate. The results are discussed in terms of the different models for the excited and ground state potential surfaces of the retinal configuration in bacteriorhodopsin.
A Phase I Study of Oral ARRY-614, a p38 MAPK/Tie2 Dual Inhibitor, in Patients with Low or Intermediate-1 Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes (2014)

ARRY-614 was well tolerated and has sufficient activity to warrant further evaluation in this patient population. We recommend 1,200 mg once daily as the optimal dose for further study.
Inhibition of JAK3 and STAT6 Tyrosine Phosphorylation by the Immunosuppressive Drug Leflunomide Leads to a Block in IgG1 Production (1998)

Leflunomide is an immunosuppressive drug capable of inhibiting T and B cell responses in vivo. A number of studies demonstrate that leflunomide functions both as a pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor and as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. We previously reported that leflunomide inhibits LPS-stimulated B cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and IgM secretion. This inhibition can be reversed by the addition of exogenous uridine, suggesting that leflunomide functions as a pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor in B cells. We report here that while the addition of uridine restored proliferation and IgM secretion to leflunomide-treated LPS-stimulated B cells, as determined by metabolic labeling and immunoprecipitation, it did not completely restore secretion of IgG Ab. We hypothesized that leflunomide inhibits LPS-induced IgG secretion by inhibiting tyrosine kinase activity required for isotype switch. We tested this hypothesis in a well-defined model of isotype switch, LPS plus IL-4 induction of IgG1. Leflunomide inhibited IgG1 secretion in this model in a dose-dependent manner. The signal transduction pathway utilized by IL-4 to induce IgG1 involves tyrosine phosphorylation of the IL-4 receptor, JAK1, JAK3, and STAT6 proteins induced by IL-4 binding to the IL-4R. Leflunomide diminished the tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK3 and STAT6 in the absence or presence of uridine. In gel mobility shift studies, STAT6 binding to the STAT6 DNA binding site in the IgG1 promoter decreased in the presence of leflunomide or leflunomide plus uridine. Taken together, these data suggest that leflunomide acts as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor to block IgG1 production.
MO‐E‐M100F‐04: Optimizing Low‐Dose Megavoltage Fluoroscopy for 4D Radiotherapy (2007)

Purpose: This study explores the feasibility of using megavoltage fluoroscopy (MVF) for on‐line real‐time verification and guidance for gated/4D treatment delivery. Initial experiences in implementing MVF and methods developed to minimize required dose and optimize the signal‐to‐noise ratio will be presented. Methods and Materials: A Siemens LINAC retrofit with a flat panel imager in the beam direction was used to acquire MVF images with 1024 2 pixel matrix at 7 frames‐per‐second (fps) using 6 MV photons. Image processing software tools were developed to remove artifacts caused by beam pulsing, dead pixels and stuck bits and to average pixels and video frames. The beam delivery rate was adjusted during MVF acquisition in an attempt to minimize the dose per frame. A phantom designed to test the contrast resolution of kilovoltage fluoroscopy systems was used to assess the MVF image quality at different beam delivery rates. Results: Good quality MVF images with sequences longer than a typical respiratory cycle (5 sec) were obtained with an estimated dose as low as 0.6 cGy. Matching the beam pulse frequency to a multiple of the video frame rate minimized striping artifacts. Image sequences acquired at a frame rate of 3.5 fps and beam delivery rate of 12 MU/min had an SNR of 125; the minimum object resolvable during cine display was 0.063 inch in diameter, and the 0.31 inch diameter object was detectable at 2% contrast. Contrast detectability was improved by averaging video frames, reducing spatial resolution and displaying video in high‐speed cine mode. Conclusions: It is feasible to acquire good quality megavoltage fluoroscopy images using a low dose‐rate treatment beam, indicating that MVF can be used to verify or guide gated/4D treatment delivery in real time (e.g. prior or during treatment delivery). Conflict of Interest: This work was supported in part by Siemens OCS.
Investigation of Surface Interactions in Molecular Recognition of Phosphonate Imprinted Organosilicates and the Role of Water (2006)

Surface interactions in molecular recognition of phosphonate imprinted organosilicates and the role of water have been studied. NMR and calorimetry studies have shown the changing nature of the surface water structure on silicate surfaces due to template directed molecular imprinting. Results indicate the interaction of an organophosphonate compound with the functionalized silica surfaces to be through surrounding water molecules. However, with nonfunctionalized surfaces, additional higher energy interactions were possible. Further, our results support the possible templating effect of water during the imprint process.
Method For Determining Soil Condition Health Ecologically and Agriculturally (2006)

The present invention relates to the use of at least one of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) referred to in Table 7 for detecting lower taxonomic groups of nematodes, for determining a life strategy of a nematode, for determining the biodiversity of a soil sample or for determining the soil health.
Nanostructural and Nanomechanical Properties of Synostosed Postnatal Human Cranial Sutures (2006)

Craniosynostosis represents a heterogeneous cluster of congenital disorders and manifests as premature ossification of one or more cranial sutures. Cranial sutures serve to enable calvarial growth and function as joints between skull bones. The mechanical properties of synostosed cranial sutures are of vital importance to their function and yet are poorly understood. The present study was designed to characterize the nanostructural and nanomechanical properties of synostosed postnatal sagittal and metopic sutures. Synostosed postnatal sagittal sutures (n = 5) and metopic sutures (n = 5) were obtained from craniosynostosis patients (aged 9.1 +/- 2.8 months). The synostosed sutural samples were prepared for imaging and indentation on both the endocranial and ectocranial surfaces with the cantilever probe of an atomic force microscopy. Analysis of the nanotopographic images indicated robust variations in sutural surface characteristics with localized peaks and valleys. In 5 x 5 mum scan sizes, the surface roughness of the synostosed metopic suture was significantly greater (223.6 +/- 93.3 nm) than the synostosed sagittal suture (142.9 +/- 80.3 nm) (P < 0.01). The Young's modulus of the synostosed sagittal suture at 0.7 +/- 0.2 MPa was significantly higher than the synostosed metopic suture at 0.5 +/- 0.1 MPa (P < 0.01). These data suggest that various synostosed cranial sutures may have different structural and mechanical characteristics.
Development of NiCeO2ZrO2MgAl2O4 biogas reforming catalysts (2009)

status: Published
Overlay stability control in IBO measurement using rAIM target (2022)

In this paper, the rAIMTM (robust AIM) overlay target was investigated in terms of the stability versus the POR AIM® (Advanced Imaging Metrology) target used for imaging-based overlay (IBO) measurement at after development inspection (ADI). The targets were designed using KLA’s MTD AcuRate™, metrology target design software that performs simulations based on the optical properties related to relative permittivity and permeability about the material of each of the layers. Using advanced device layers, we studied the performance of the POR AIM target versus the newly designed rAIM target for imaging-based overlay measurements. For each target, we quantified the optical contrast, kernel signal, correctable modeled terms, total measurement uncertainty (TMU), and overlay (OVL) residuals from the modeled data through various wavelengths inside the Moiré effect regime in the case of rAIM. We demonstrate that there is an OVL measurement performance improvement using the rAIM target versus the POR AIM target. The measured optical properties of the rAIM target and comparison to the POR AIM target will be presented.
A Singularity-analysis Approach to characterize Epicardial Electric Potential (2012)

International audience
An open source software system for robot audition HARK and its evaluation (2008)

Robot capability of listening to several things at once by its own ears, that is, robot audition, is important in improving human-robot interaction. The critical issue in robot audition is real-time processing in noisy environments with high flexibility to support various kinds of robots and hardware configurations. This paper presents open-source robot audition software, called “HARK”, which includes sound source localization, separation, and automatic speech recognition (ASR). Since separated sounds suffer from spectral distortion due to separation, HARK generates a temporal-frequency map of reliability, called “missing feature mask”, for features of separated sounds. Then separated sounds are recognized by the Missing-Feature Theory (MFT) based ASR with missing feature masks. HARK is implemented on the middleware called “FlowDesigner” to share intermediate audio data, which provides real-time processing. HARK’s performance in recognition of noisy/simultaneous speech is shown by using three humanoid robots, Honda ASIMO, SIG2 and Robovie with different microphone layouts.
Triene Cyclizations. The Total Synthesis of Pallescensin A (1987)

Abstract The total synthesis of pallescensin A has been achieved using a six π, thermal electrocyclization reaction as the key step.
The ratio R dp of the quasielastic nd → p(nn) to the elastic np → pn charge-exchange-process yields at the proton emitting angle θ p,lab = 0° over 0.55–2.0 GeV neutron beam energy region. Experimental results (2009)

New experimental results on ratio R dp of the quasielastic charge-exchange yield at the outgoing proton angle θ p,lab = 0° for the nd → p(nn) reaction to the elastic np → pn charge-exchange yield, are presented. The measurements were carried out at the Nuclotron of the Veksler and Baldin Laboratory of High Energies of the JINR (Dubna) at the neutron-beam kinetic energies of 0.55, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.8, and 2.0 GeV. The intense neutron beam with small momentum spread was produced by breakup of deuterons which were accelerated and extracted to the experimental hall. In both reactions mentioned above the outgoing protons with the momenta p p approximately equal to the neutron-beam momentum p n,beam were detected in the directions close to the direction of incident neutrons, i.e., in the vicinity of the scattering angle θ p,lab = 0°. Measured in the same data-taking runs, the angular distributions of the charge-exchange-reaction products were corrected for the well-known instrumental effects and averaged in the vicinity of the incident-neutron-beam direction. These corrected angular distributions for every of nd → p(nn) and np → pn charge-exchange processes were proportional to the differential cross sections of the corresponding reactions. The data were accumulated by Delta-Sigma setup magnetic spectrometer with two sets of multiwire proportional chambers located upstream and downstream of the momentum analyzing magnet. Inelastic processes were considerably reduced by the additional detectors surrounding the hydrogen and deuterium targets. The time-of-flight system was applied to identify the detected particles. The accumulated data treatment and analysis, as well as possible sources of the systematic errors are discussed.
Localized chaos in one-dimensional hydrogen (1990)

We calculate the response of hydrogen to the presence of both a strong dc electric field (necessary to isolate a nearly one-dimensional motion) and a strong radiation field of higher frequency than the binding energy of the system, a regime that has not previously been examined by theory or experiment. We determine the classical ionization threshold, the quantum-delocalization threshold, and the threshold of n mixing due to chaotic effects. The analysis indicates that the dc field can have a dramatic effect on the quantum localization of classically chaotic diffusion, changing the delocalization threshold by more than an order of magnitude. Moreover, this system provides a large spectral region in which quantum-mechanical localization inhibits classical chaotic diffusion. This theory is well suited to experimental testing.
Circuit reliability of memory cells with SEU protection (for space application) (1992)

The use of high value polysilicon resistors to provide SEU (single event upset) hardening introduces a latent failure mechanism when not properly tested. This failure mechanism is only present in parts with SEU resistors. The resistance prevents detection of gate oxide defects using normal test techniques. As the circuit ages, the defect becomes more conductive, resulting in a functional failure. A detailed description of the failure mechanism and a set of distinguishing characteristics to aid in failure analysis are provided. Screening the defect population requires a simple high-voltage data retention test. The use of this screen reduced the failure rate in the subject circuit by over 30*.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Aspontaneous pregnancy in Turner syndrome (2015)

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An evaluation of electrical resistance as a measure of vigor in eastern white pine (1982)

Differences in tree vigor were observed in a planting of eastern white pine, Pinusstrobus L. Trees were visually classified into four vigor classes. Electrical resistance (ER) readings of the cambial zone and growth measurements of needles, internodes, and annual rings were compared for each class. Mean ER readings were related inversely to vigor; however, only mean readings for class 1, most vigorous, and class IV, least vigorous, trees were significantly different on four reading dates. Mean growth measurements of needles, internodes, and annual rings were significantly different for all four vigor classes.
Endothelin‐1 inhibits adipogenesis: Role of phosphorylation of Akt and ERK1/2 (2006)

In adipogenesis, growth factors play a crucial role. Using serum depleted condition, we studied the causal role of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and epidermal growth factor (EGF), separately or together, in adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells. ET-1 stimulation caused an anti-adipogenic response and this effect was potentiated upon treatment with EGF. Co-treatment with EGF and ET-1 blocked the expression of C/EBPalpha and PPARgamma, the adipogenic markers. The inhibition of adipogenesis was preceded by a biphasic (early and late) attenuation of Akt phosphorylation. We suggest that treatment with ET-1 and EGF together induce a more potent anti-adipogenic response, involving increased Erk1/2 phosphorylation and biphasic attenuation of Akt phosphorylation.
An efficient synthesis of 6‐formyl‐1,2‐dihydro‐2‐oxo‐3‐pyridinecarboxylic acid and some carbonyl derivatives of it and its 6‐acetyl homologue (1994)

Abstract Starting with 1,1‐dimethoxy‐2‐propanone ( 1 ), 6‐formyl‐1,2‐dihydro‐2‐oxo‐3‐pyridinecarboxylic acid ( 5a ) has been prepared in large quantities by a highly efficient, 4‐step synthesis. This compound, along with its one carbon homologue, 6‐acetyl‐1,2‐dihydro‐2‐oxo‐3‐pyridinecarboxylic acid ( 5b ) has been reacted with several carbonyl derivative forming reagents to provide a series of side chains for β‐lactams. Among these carbonyl derivatives are styrylamides which were prepared from Wittig and Horner‐Emmons reagents. The preparation of the phosphonium salts and phosphonate esters is also described.
Active electronic mail (2002)

Network infrastructures have evolved tremendously over the last years, offering new capabilities to the applications in higher levels. Email is a widely used communication tool that could benefit of an intelligent and active underlying network in order to support sophisticated services. We explore in this paper an infrastructure based on intelligent mobile agents and active networks, and point out how and where advanced features can be introduced to our current passive email platform in order to make it more flexible, open, secure, intelligent, and ubiquitous as possible.
Livrable D1.3 of the PERSEE project - Perceptual Modelling: Softwares results and final report. (2013)

Livrable D1.3 du projet ANR PERSEE