gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High sensitivity Rutherford backscattering spectrometry using multidetector digital pulse processing (2018)

Rutherford backscattering spectrometry is a primary reference method for the quantity of materials, but has a limit-of-detection (LOD) presently at ∼1015 at/cm2 for analyses with traceable accuracy near 1%. A multidetector assembly is demonstrated which increases the count rate without decreasing the signal/noise due to pulse pile-up. A LOD of 6 × 1012 at/cm2 is achieved with the multidetector assembly and applied to quantify the onset of an atomic layer deposition (ALD) process for an in-depth study of the growth selectivity of ALD Ru on a-C:H and on SiCN. Besides, the spectrometer enables &amp;lt;10 min measurements on a Ru layer of 2.7 nm, permitting wafer mapping.
Detection of a Novel Reassortant H9N9 Avian Influenza Virus in Free-Range Ducks in Bangladesh (2021)

Wild aquatic birds are the primary natural reservoir for influenza A viruses (IAVs). In this study, an A(H9N9) influenza A virus (A/duck/Bangladesh/44493/2020) was identified via routine surveillance in free-range domestic ducks in Bangladesh. Phylogenetic analysis of hemagglutinin showed that the H9N9 virus belonged to the Y439-like lineage. The HA gene had the highest nucleotide identity to A/Bean Goose (<i>Anser fabalis</i>)/South Korea/KNU 2019-16/2019 (H9N2). The other seven gene segments clustered within the Eurasian lineage.
Upper Temperature Limit of Environmental Barrier Coatings Based on Mullite and BSAS (2003)

Current state‐of‐the‐art environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) for Si‐based ceramics consist of three layers: a silicon bond coat, an intermediate mullite (3Al 2 O 3 ·2SiO 2 ) or mullite + BSAS ((1− x )BaO· x SrO·Al 2 O 3 ·2SiO 2 , 0 ≤ x ≤ 1) layer, and a BSAS top coat. Areas of concern for long‐term durability are environmental durability, chemical compatibility, volatility, phase stability, and thermal conductivity. Variants of this family of EBC were applied onto monolithic SiC and melt‐infiltrated SiC/SiC composites. Reaction between BSAS and silica results in a low‐melting (∼1300°C) glass, which can cause the spallation of the EBC. At temperatures greater than ∼1400°C BSAS suffers significant recession via volatilization in water‐vapor‐containing atmospheres. Both reactions can be EBC life‐limiting factors. BSAS undergoes a very sluggish phase transformation (hexagonal celsian to monoclinic celsian), the implications of which are not fully understood at this point. Initial rapid increase in thermal conductivity at temperatures as low as 1300°C indicates the sintering of EBC.
Indolo[3,2-b]carbazole/benzimidazole hybrid bipolar host materials for highly efficient red, yellow, and green phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes (2012)

By incorporating electron-accepting benzimidazole and electron-donating indolo[3,2-b]carbazole into one molecule, two novel donor–acceptor bipolar host materials, TICCBI and TICNBI, have been synthesized. The photophysical and electrochemical properties of the hybrids can be tuned through the different linkages (C- or N-connectivity) between the electronic donor and acceptor components. The promising physical properties of these two new compounds made them suitable for use as hosts doped with various Ir or Os-based phosphors for realizing highly efficient phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes (PhOLEDs). PhOLEDs using TICCBI and TICNBI as hosts incorporated with Ir-based emitters such as green (PPy)2Ir(acac), yellow (Bt)2Ir(acac), and two new red emitters (35dmPh-6Fiq)2Ir(acac) (i3) and (4tBuPh-6Fiq)2Ir(acac) (i6) accomplished high external quantum efficiencies ranging from 14 to 16.2%. Nevertheless, the red PhOLED device incorporating TICNBI doped with the red emitter osmium(II) bis[3-(trifluoromethyl)-5-(4-tert-butylpyridyl)-1,2,4-triazolate]dimethylphenylphosphine [Os(bpftz)2(PPhMe2)2] achieved a maximum external quantum efficiency, current efficiency, and power efficiency of 22%, 28 cd A−1, and 22.1 lm W−1, respectively, with CIE coordinates of (0.65,0.35). The external quantum efficiency remained high (20%) as the brightness reached to 1000 cd m−2, suggesting balanced charge fluxes within the emitting layer, rendering devices with limited efficiency roll-off.
Large-Deflection Analysis of General Beams in Contact-Aided Compliant Mechanisms Using Chained Pseudo-Rigid-Body Model (2019)

Abstract The nonlinear analysis and design of contact-aided compliant mechanisms (CCMs) are challenging. This paper presents a nonlinear method for analyzing the deformation of general beams that contact rigid surfaces in CCMs. The large deflection of the general beam is modeled by using the chained pseudo-rigid-body model. A geometry constraint from the contact surface is developed to constrain the beam’s deformed configuration. The contact analysis problem is formulated based on the principle of minimum potential energy and solved using an optimization algorithm. Besides, a novel technique based on the principle of work and energy is proposed to calculate the reaction force/moment of displacement-loaded cases. Several analysis examples of the compliant mechanisms with straight or curved beams are used to verify the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method and technique can evaluate the deformation of beam-based CCMs and the reaction force/moment with acceptable accuracy, respectively.
Preclinical anti-tumor activity of the orally available Hsp90 inhibitor NVP-BEP800 (2010)

Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a ubiquitously expressed molecular chaperone with ATPase activity involved in the conformational maturation and stability of key signaling molecules involved in cell proliferation, survival and transformation. Through its ability to modulate multiple pathways involved in oncogenesis, Hsp90 has generated considerable interest as a therapeutic target. NVP-BEP800 is a novel, fully synthetic, orally bioavailable inhibitor which binds to the N-terminal ATP-binding pocket of Hsp90. NVP-BEP800 demonstrated activity against panel of human tumor cell lines and primary human xenografts in vitro at nanomolar concentrations. In A375 melanoma and BT-474 breast cancer cell lines NVP-BEP800 induced client protein degradation (including ErbB2, B-RafV600E, Raf-1 and Akt) and Hsp70 induction. Oral administration of NVP-BEP800 was well-tolerated and induced robust anti-tumor responses in tumor xenograft models including regression in the BT-474 breast cancer model. In these tumor models, NVP-BEP800 modulated Hsp90 client proteins and downstream signaling pathways at doses causing anti-tumor activity. NVP-BEP800 demonstrated in vivo activity in a variety of dosing regimens covering daily to weekly schedules potentially providing a high degree of flexibility in dose and schedule within the clinical setting. Overall, given the mechanism of action, preclinical activity profile, tolerability, and pharmaceutical properties, NVP-BEP800 is an exciting new oral Hsp90 inhibitor warranting further development.
A Hybrid Routing Approach for Ad hoc Networks (2007)

Ad hoc networking is a technology still under development and there are several proposals for defining the most suitable routing protocol. No single routing protocol proposed so far performs optimally under the kind of dynamic conditions possible in Ad hoc networks.\n\nWe analyse the performance of existing Ad hoc routing protocols using simulations and a test bed. Based on the results, the goal of this thesis is to design a hybrid routing approach for Ad hoc networks that we name Scalable Ad hoc Routing Protocol (SARP). A novel routing algorithm that responds to the drawbacks of existing routing protocols is analysed and implemented. However, rather than proposing another protocol, this study extends the well-known routing protocol, Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV), with a new broadcast algorithm to accommodate the new routing design.\n\nThe contribution of the nodes to the routing functionality is critical for establishing Ad hoc networks. We analyse the incentives to participate in the routing functions using game theory. The Scalable Ad hoc Routing Protocol defines a novel architecture that integrates with the routing protocol a rewarding mechanism for the participating nodes. This architecture facilitates the cooperation of the nodes in the Ad hoc networks routing functionality.
On the Stator Slot Geometry of a Cable Wound Generator for Hydrokinetic Energy Conversion (2015)

The stator slot geometry of a cable wound permanent magnet synchronous generator for hydrokinetic energy conversion is evaluated. Practical experience from winding two cable wound generators is used to propose optimized dimensions of different parts in the stator slot geometry. A thorough investigation is performed through simulations of how small geometrical changes alter the generator performance. The finite element method (FEM) is used to model the generator and the simulations show that small changes in the geometry can have large effect on the performance of the generator. Furthermore, it is concluded that the load angle is especially sensitive to small geometrical changes. A new generator design is proposed which shows improved efficiency, reduced weight, and a possibility to decrease the expensive permanent magnet material by almost one-fifth.
>1200 V GaN‐on‐silicon Schottky diode (2013)

Abstract M/A‐COM Technology Solutions has continuing joint development efforts sponsored by the Department of Energy with MIT main campus and MIT Lincoln Laboratory to develop GaN on silicon two and three terminal high voltage/high current switching devices. The initial developmental goals were for a Schottky diode that has a reverse breakdown blocking voltage of &gt;600 V and is capable of handling 10 A of forward current. A comparison of the M/A‐COM Technology Solutions lateral GaN Schottky diode on‐resistance as a function of reverse breakdown voltage for a number of both lateral and vertical GaN Schottky diode geometries taken from the literature is presented. The substrates employed for all of these data points are either sapphire, SiC, silicon, and even one study which utilized single crystal GaN. Also included in this plot are theoretical limits for the basic materials typically used in GaN Schottky diode construction. It can be seen that the reverse breakdown results of approximately 1500 V for M/A‐COM Technology Solutions lateral anode connected field GaN Schottky diodes on silicon substrates compare extremely favorably with the reported performance of the state‐of‐the‐art devices, regardless of substrate material or design geometry. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
ChemInform Abstract: 4‐[5‐Methyl‐3‐phenylisoxazol‐4‐yl]benzenesulfonamide, Valdecoxib: A Potent and Selective Inhibitor of COX‐2. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Atomic layer deposition of aluminum oxyfluoride thin films with tunable stoichiometry (2020)

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) of aluminum oxyfluoride (AlOxFy) thin films was demonstrated at 150 °C. Trimethyl aluminum, water, and HF were used as the aluminum, oxygen, and fluorine sources, respectively. In situ quartz crystal microbalance studies were utilized to monitor the AlOxFy deposition. Two deposition pathways were explored to grow the AlOxFy thin films based on the HF exchange method and the nanolaminate method. Linear AlOxFy growth was observed during both deposition methods. The HF exchange method is based on the thermodynamically favorable fluorination of Al2O3 by HF. Compositional control was achieved either by changing the HF pressure during the HF exposure or by varying the thickness of the underlying Al2O3 layer prior to the HF exposure. The nanolaminate method is based on the sequential deposition of Al2O3 ALD and AlF3 ALD layers. The ratio of the number of Al2O3 ALD cycles to the number of AlF3 ALD cycles is the main parameter used to control the O and F concentrations. Ex situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) depth-profiling and Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy measurements were used to determine the composition of the AlOxFy thin films. The XPS depth-profile measurements confirmed the uniform distribution of Al, O, and F throughout the AlOxFy films using both deposition methods. Both techniques could obtain a wide range of compositional tunability between Al2O3 and AlF3. Physical sputtering rates were also observed to be dependent on the relative concentrations of O and F in the AlOxFy films. The physical sputtering rates at 3 keV varied from 0.03 to 0.28 Å/s for Al2O3 and AlF3, respectively.
Inferring Particle Interaction Physical Models and Their Dynamical Properties (2019)

We propose a framework based on port-Hamiltonian modeling formalism aimed at learning interaction models between particles (or networked systems) and dynamical properties such as trajectory symmetries and conservation laws of the ensemble (or swarm). The learning process is based on approaches and platforms used for large scale optimization and uses features such as automatic differentiation to compute gradients of optimization loss functions. We showcase our approach on the Cucker-Smale particle interaction model, which is first represented in a port-Hamiltonian form, and for which we re-discover the interaction model, and learn dynamical properties that are previously proved analytically. Our approach has the potential for discovering novel particle cooperation rules that can be extracted and used in cooperative control system applications.
Remembrance of Robert Hill (2014)

A very brief biography of Robert Hill is given highlighting his professional achievements.
Low-Crosstalk and Low-Loss Multi-Core Fiber Utilizing Fiber Bend (2011)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text T. Hayashi, T. Taru, O. Shimakawa, T. Sasaki, and E. Sasaoka, "Low-Crosstalk and Low-Loss Multi-Core Fiber Utilizing Fiber Bend," in Optical Fiber Communication Conference/National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference 2011, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2011), paper OWJ3. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Remote sensing in Virginia agriculture (1972)

An experimental investigation, designed to develop and evaluate multispectral sensing techniques used in sensing agricultural crops, is described. Initial studies were designed to detect plant species and associated diseases, soil variations, and cultural practices under natural environment conditions. In addition, crop varieties, age, spacing, plant height, percentage of ground cover, and plant vigor are determined.
Exascale Method of Moments for Linear Electromagnetics with Gemma. (2020)

Abstract not provided.
VIDEODENSITOMETRIC TECHNIQUES IN DIGITAL SUBTRACTION VIDEOANGIOGRAPHY (1981)

During the past year, digital subtraction videoangiography has proven to be a powerful tool for intravenous studies as well as enhancing the capabilities of intra-arterial techniques in contrast limited situations. With this imaging technique, it is possible to establish a linear relationship between the subtraction signal and the contrast thickness. The digital nature of the image processing enables convenient retrieval and manipulation of image data. For the above reasons, digital subtraction videoangiography lends itself to videodensitometric measurement of physiological quantities. However, the implementation of videodensitometry capabilities requires extensive care in the processing of imageintensified video signals. Radiation scattering and veiling glare in the image intensified tend to bias the black level for logarithmic amplification and suppress the subtraction signal. In addition, pincushion distortion of the image intensifier may cause a deviation in the digital representation of area. Absolute linearity must also be maintained throughout the image processing, except for the logarithmic amplification. These problems, as well as their solutions, will be discussed in this paper. A technique using real-time digital convolution to remove the scattering component in the image intensified video will be presented. With the necessary corrections, our videodensitometry system has been calibrated and used to estimate canine left ventricular ejection fractions. The possibility of using videodensitometric techniques to characterize the blood flow in vessels and correlate it with the degree of stenosis has also been studied.
Toward scalable transaction processing (2013)

Designing scalable transaction processing systems on modern multicore hardware has been a challenge for almost a decade. The typical characteristics of transaction processing workloads lead to a high degree of unbounded communication on multicores for conventional system designs. In this tutorial, we initially present a systematic way of eliminating scalability bottlenecks of a transaction processing system, which is based on minimizing the unbounded communication. Then, we show several techniques that apply the presented methodology to minimize logging, locking, latching etc. related bottlenecks of transaction processing systems. In parallel, we demonstrate the internals of the Shore-MT storage manager and how they have evolved over the years in terms of scalability on multicore hardware through such techniques. We also teach how to use Shore-MT with the various design options it offers through its application layer Shore-Kits and Metadata Frontend.
Capacitively Coupled Hybrid Ion Gel and Carbon Nanotube Thin‐Film Transistors for Low Voltage Flexible Logic Circuits (2018)

Abstract The lamination of a high‐capacitance ion gel dielectric layer onto semiconducting carbon nanotube (CNT) thin‐film transistors (TFTs) that are bottom‐gated with a low‐capacitance polymer dielectric layer drastically reduces the operating voltage of the devices resulting from the capacitive coupling effect between the two dielectric layers sandwiching the CNT channel. As the CNT channel has a network structure, only a compact area of ion gel is required to make the capacitive coupling effect viable, unlike the planar channels of previously reported transistors that required a substantially larger area of ion gel dielectric layer to induce the coupling effect. The capacitively coupled CNT TFTs possess superlative electrical characteristics such as high carrier mobilities (42.0 cm 2 (Vs) −1 for holes and 59.1 cm 2 (Vs) −1 for electrons), steep subthreshold swings (160 mV dec −1 for holes and 100 mV dec −1 for electrons), and low gate leakage currents (&lt;1 nA). These devices can be further integrated to form complex logic circuits on flexible substrates with high mechanical resilience. The layered geometry of the device coupled with scalable solution‐based fabrication has significant potential for large‐scale flexible electronics.
Development of a Highly Sensitive and Specific Carboxy-Terminal Human Pancreastatin Assay to Monitor Neuroendocrine Tumor Behavior (2010)

Objective: Pancreastatin is a fragment of the chromogranin A (CgA) molecule. Existing pancreastatin assays, which depend on antibodies which cross-react in varying percents with the larger prohormone, may lack sensitivity and specificity to detect small changes in neuroendocrine tumor volume. Methods: We developed a highly specific, sensitive pancreastatin assay. The antibody used recognizes the carboxyl terminal of the peptide hormone and was raised against a 17-amino acid porcine pancreastatin fragment with high homology with the carboxy-terminal amino-acids 286-301 of human CGA. Results: Our assay measures >95% of circulating pancreastatin levels; has little or no cross-reactivity with CGA, even at plasma concentrations of 1,000 ng/ml; and can detect pancreastatin levels of 17 pg/ml. Inter-assay reproducibility for the pancreastatin RIA was determined from results of three quality control pools in 15 consecutive assays. Coefficients of variation for low, medium, and high pancreastatin levels were <20%. The sensitivity of serial pancreastatin assays to detect early tumor recurrence was demonstrated in two patients with slowly progressive neuroendocrine tumors and in patients undergoing surgical cytoreduction. Conclusion: This highly specific, sensitive pancreastatin assay can detect small changes in liver tumor progression and is up to 100-fold more sensitive and specific than CgA assays in the U.S.
Experimental results on power absorption from a wave energy converter at the Lysekil wave energy research site (2014)

Power generation from wave power has a large potential to contribute to our electric energy production, and today, many wave power projects are close to be commercialized. However, one key issue to solve for many projects is to decrease the cost per installed kW. One way to do this is to investigate which parameters that have a significant impact on the wave energy converters (WEC) performance. In this paper, experimental results on power absorption from a directly driven point absorbing WEC are presented. The experiments have been carried out at the Lysekil research site in Sweden. To investigate the performance of the WEC, the absorbed power and the speed of the translator are compared. The result confirms that the buoy size and the translator weight have a large impact on the power absorption from the generator. By optimizing the buoy size and translator weight, the WEC is believed to produce power more evenly over the upward and downward cycle. Moreover, to predict the maximum power limit during normal operation, a simulation model has been derived. The results correlates well with experimental data during normal operation.
Controlling nanothread backbone structure through precursor design (2023)

Nanothreads are 1D carbon-based nanomaterials produced by pressure-induced polymerization of multiply unsaturated (and typically aromatic) precursors with multiple bonds between adjacent precursors. We computationally design non-covalent interactions between functional groups on thread-forming monomers to control the relative stabilities of different nanothread backbones. In particular, functionalized furan or thiophene precursors are identified that favor nanothreads with oxygen or sulfur atoms arrayed along the same side of the thread backbone, rather than on alternating sides as currently seen experimentally for threads formed from unfunctionalized furan or thiophene. This heteroatom chain provides opportunities for unusual properties arising from a sterically compressed one-dimensional chain of p orbitals.
High temperature polyimide blends (1987)

In a continuing effort to synthesize polymers that are readily processable and that exhibit state-of-the-art characteristics, LARC-TPI (Mitsui) and polyimidesulfone (PISO2) were blended and subjected to a limited melt flow and thermal properties characterization. Mitsui Toatsu of Japan, working under a licensing agreement with NASA, synthesized an imidized version of LARC-TPI molding powder that exhibited an extraordinarily high level of softening when heated to 300 C. Subsequently, a study of the calorimetric and rheological properties was accomplished by NASA-Langley on that material. The thermoplastic polyimidesulfone that possesses processability similar to polysulfones and the solvent resistance of the polyimides was synthesized and characterized at NASA-Langley in the early 1980's.