gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Safe and effective direct implantation of a new stent through 5 F. guiding catheters with delivery from the radial artery: initial results of a prospective registry (2003)

Direct stenting with a new stent design was safe, effective, and could be accomplished through 5 F. guiding catheters with favorable long-term clinical outcomes.
Involvement of the Cysteine Protease Calpain Family in Cell Death After Cryopreservation (2006)

Recent focus of the phenomenon of cryopreservation-induced delayed-onset cell death (CIDOCD) has been linked to molecular-based cellular responses. Current literature suggests that along with caspases, additional proteases such as calpains may also play integral roles in cell death. Although the regulation and activation of calpains is not fully understood, it is becoming increasingly clear that they are involved in a wide variety of cellular events including cell death and cell adhesion. In this study we investigated the involvement that the calpain family of proteases has on cell death and cell adhesion during cryopreservation (CP) and the subsequent recovery period. It was hypothesized that a CP-dependent activation of the calpain cascade would contribute to the activation and progression of the events associated with CIDOCD, and by modulating this activity more successful CP could be achieved. Our data show a CP-induced change in the activation of the calpain proteolytic pathway, a 10% to 15% improvement in cell survival when specific calpain inhibitors are utilized in the preservation media, and a slight decrease in viability when calpain inhibitors are used in the recovery medium. These results appear to support the multifunctional nature of calpains after CP. That is, calpains may prove to be pivotal in both CIDOCD and post-thaw cellular adhesion, two limiting steps in the realization of a more successful CP protocol. Ultimately, this study opens the door for potential improvement of CP efficacy through the modulation of the calpain proteolytic pathways.
Fabrication of periodically reversed domain structure for SHG in LiNbO 3 , by direct electron beam lithography at room temperature (1991)

For the first time, the fabrication of a periodically reversed domain structure for LiNbO3 has been achieved at room temperature. The domain boundary is perpendicular to the positive c-face and is very deep which is advantageous for quasiphasematching SHG.
Cost-Effectiveness in Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery (2018)

The complexity and heterogeneity of adult spinal deformity (ASD) creates significant difficulties in performing high-quality, complete economic analyses. For the same reasons, however, such studies are immensely valuable to clinicians and health policy experts. There has been a paradigm shift towards value-based healthcare provision and as such, there is an increasing focus on demonstrating not just the value ASD surgery, but the provision of care at large. Health-related quality of life measures are an important tool for assessing value of an intervention and its effect on a quality-adjusted life year (QALY). Currently, there are no definitive criteria in regard to assigning the appropriate value to a QALY. A general accepted threshold discussed in literature is $100 000 per QALY gained. However, this figure may be variable across populations, and may not necessarily be applicable in today's economy, or in all healthcare economies. Fundamentally, an effective treatment method may be associated with a high upfront cost, however, if durable, will be cost-effective over time.The emphasis on carotid endarterectomy and CUA in the field of adult spine deformity is relatively recent; therefore, there is a limited amount of data on cost-effectiveness analyses. Continued efforts with emphasis on value-based outcomes are needed with long-term follow-up studies.
Rapid and efficient purification of Src homology 2 domain-containing proteins: Fyn, Csk and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase p85 (1994)

To analyse the regulation of Src family tyrosine kinases in vitro, we have purified Fyn and Csk, a kinase capable of regulating Fyn activity by phosphorylation, from baculovirus-infected insect cells. The proteins were purified by affinity purification over a phosphotyrosine column. Highly purified proteins were eluted from the resin by a salt gradient and further purified by ion-exchange chromatography. This purification scheme was successfully applied to a third, unrelated protein that also contains the Src homology 2 (SH2) domain, namely the 85 kDa subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, indicating that this method is versatile and should prove applicable to any protein with an accessible SH2 domain. The binding of Csk to different phosphopeptides was tested, and specificity for the autophosphorylation site of Fyn was demonstrated. Pure Csk was used to phosphorylate Fyn and down-regulate its kinase activity, and the kinetic parameters of both the active and the repressed forms of Fyn were determined. Repression of Fyn activity by Csk reduced binding of Fyn to phosphopeptides to undetectable levels, supporting the model that predicts an intramolecular interaction of the Fyn SH2 domain with a C-terminal phosphotyrosine residue.
A Distributed Whole Genome Sequencing Benchmark Study (2020)

Population sequencing often requires collaboration across a distributed network of sequencing centers for the timely processing of thousands of samples. In such massive efforts, it is important that participating scientists can be confident that the accuracy of the sequence data produced is not affected by which center generates the data. A study was conducted across three established sequencing centers, located in Montreal, Toronto, and Vancouver, constituting Canada's Genomics Enterprise (www.cgen.ca). Whole genome sequencing was performed at each center, on three genomic DNA replicates from three well-characterized cell lines. Secondary analysis pipelines employed by each site were applied to sequence data from each of the sites, resulting in three datasets for each of four variables (cell line, replicate, sequencing center, and analysis pipeline), for a total of 81 datasets. These datasets were each assessed according to multiple quality metrics including concordance with benchmark variant truth sets to assess consistent quality across all three conditions for each variable. Three-way concordance analysis of variants across conditions for each variable was performed. Our results showed that the variant concordance between datasets differing only by sequencing center was similar to the concordance for datasets differing only by replicate, using the same analysis pipeline. We also showed that the statistically significant differences between datasets result from the analysis pipeline used, which can be unified and updated as new approaches become available. We conclude that genome sequencing projects can rely on the quality and reproducibility of aggregate data generated across a network of distributed sites.
Wet clutch transmission fluid for AWD differentials: base fluid influence on friction characteristics (2005)

Abstract During the past few years several electronically controllable automotive transmission systems, where wet clutches are used as intelligent differentials, have emerged in the market. In this type of application the anti‐shudder properties of the lubricants are of vital importance. This paper investigates the influence of base fluids on the anti‐shudder properties of transmission fluids for wet clutches in all‐wheel‐drive systems. The investigated all‐wheel‐drive system featuring a wet multi‐plate clutch with a sintered brass‐based friction material is described. The test equipment used to determine the frictional characteristics of the transmission fluid is described. The parameters studied include base fluid type and base fluid viscosity. It is shown that the choice of base fluid has no impact on torque capacity, but that the base fluid influences the temperature dependence of the dynamic friction and the anti‐shudder properties. It is also shown that the major effect on the friction characteristics is caused by additive effects rather than base fluid effects. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Video Data Processing (2019)

More than three quarters of all bits transmitted today over the consumer Internet are video data. Accordingly, video data is of major importance for the digital transformation. The related field of digital video processing has played a key role in establishing successful products and services in a wide range of sectors including communications, health, industry, autonomous vehicles and security technology. Particularly in the entertainment sector, video data has shaped the mass market via services like HD and UHD TV or streaming services. For these applications, efficient transmission only became feasible through video coding with methods of efficient compression. In addition, production systems and processing techniques for highly realistic dynamic 3D video scenes have been developed. In these key areas, the Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Heinrich-Hertz-Institute, HHI is playing a worldwide leading role, in particular in the key areas of video coding and 3D video processing, also through successfully contributing to video coding standardization.
ACOUSTIC ENVELOPE DETECTOR FOR CRISPNESS ASSESSMENT OF BISCUITS (2005)

ABSTRACT The crispness of food materials based on the force/displacement behavior and their acoustic nature was assessed using an Acoustic Envelope Detector (AED) attached to the Texture Analyzer, wherein six kinds of biscuits were used: Carr's Table Water, Crackerbread, Digestive, Dutch Crispbakes, Rich Tea fingers and Shortbread. The force/displacement and acoustic signals were simultaneously recorded during the breakup of biscuits. For each detected acoustic signal, there was a sudden drop in the compression force. The analysis of the force/displacement curve demonstrated the links between the second derivative of force curve and the acoustic event, indicating the energy released through the air of these crack events. The acoustic behavior of the biscuits was assessed in terms of maximum sound pressure level and the number of acoustic events, which were further interpreted as the acoustic events per unit area of newly created surface area and the acoustic event per unit time. The acoustic ranking of biscuits from instrumental assessment was in very good agreement with that from sensory panel tests. The normal integration time (1.25 ms) for the AED was generally effective in detecting acoustic signals for crisp biscuits, but a shorter integration time (0.25 ms) was found advantageous in detecting acoustic signals that occur within a very short time period and gave better differentiation of crisp biscuits.
ChemInform Abstract: Nonlinear Optical Properties of Some Niobium(V) Oxide Glasses. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Rapid prototyping of microfluidic systems using a laser-patterned tape (2007)

We introduce a laser-patterned tape as a master for replica moulding microfluidics in poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). Normally, a laser is applied to scribe microchannels directly on poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) substrates. This direct engraving usually offers a faster turn-around time than conventional soft lithography but generates rough surfaces which perform poorly under phase-contrast microscopy imaging. Using a laser-patterned tape as the master template for replica-moulding microfluidics in PDMS, we combine the rapid turn-around time of laser ablation and relatively smooth surface finish of soft lithography. Hence, microfluidic devices suitable for optical microscopy imaging can be obtained within several hours.
Biocatalytic Polymerization of p-Cresol:  An in-Situ NMR Approach To Understand the Coupling Mechanism (2002)

The nature of the initial coupling mechanism in the enzymatic polymerization of p-cresol was investigated by in-situ 1H NMR spectroscopy in an aqueous−organic media. Two types of in-situ experiments were performed, in which the course of polymerization was monitored with (i) incremental additions of H2O2 to the reaction mixture in the NMR tube at a regular interval and (ii) a function of reaction time after a known amount of addition of H2O2. These experiments were used to understand the coupling mechanism at the very early stage of reaction and during the course of polymerization reaction. In the early stage of the polymerization, the reaction mixture contains monomer as a dominant fraction and a small concentration of low molecular weight oligomers such as dimer, trimers, etc. The analysis of the reaction mixture by 1D and 2D in-situ NMR methods suggests the ortho−ortho C−C coupling as the dominant coupling mechanism during the initial stage of the polymerization. The quantitative NMR analysis indicates that the relative consumptions of monomer and dimers are different at the early stage of polymerization; the consumption of dimer accelerates only after complete conversion of the monomer from the reaction mixture. The in-situ NMR analysis as a function of reaction time after addition of a known amount of H2O2 suggests the conversion of a quinonoid intermediate formed at the beginning from ortho−para C−C coupling, to a stable ketonic product (Pummerer's ketone). A gradual reduction of quinonoid structures and increase of Pummerer's ketone structures in the reaction mixture are monitored with time by in-situ NMR. Structural characterization of bulk polymer by multinuclei NMR spectroscopy and MALDI−TOF mass spectrometry indicates the formation of polymers (Mw 1230) and the dominance of ortho−ortho and ortho−para C−C coupled products. The polymers obtained from the reaction products contained a very low concentration of Pummerer's ketones, which may be chain ends.
Erratum: Doppler Broadening of In-Flight Positron Annihilation Radiation due to Electron Momentum [Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5612 (2001)] (2001)

Received 25 July 2001DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.139901©2001 American Physical Society
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE TRANSMISSION THROUGH LOSSLESS ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE ADHESIVE (1999)

We report our theoretical study on the electric conduction and the electromagnetic wave transmission between the IC chip and the substrate. The IC chip and the substrate are connected electrically by upper and lower contact shoulders which are conductively connected through an anisotropically conductive adhesive (ACA). It has been concluded that following the increase of the frequency of the electromagnetic field, the transmission of the electromagnetic field shifts from the conducting medium (metal) to non-conducting medium (adhesive) due to the skin effect. The DC electric conduction of the ACA is limited by the sizes, geometric shapes as well as spatial positions of metal fillers in the ACA. By excluding energy dissipation processes (because of the short distance between the upper and the lower contacts), our theoretical simulation indicates that the transmission of high-frequency (above 1 GHz when discussing the conduction properties of metal fillers having radius of no less than 5 μm) electromagnetic wave through the ACA is almost independent of the metal fillers because of the displacement current in the non-conductive medium between the upper and lower contacts.
A dual-model approach to blind quality assessment of noisy images (2015)

A dual-model approach to blind
Auto-Pipeline: Synthesize Data Pipelines By-Target Using Reinforcement Learning and Search. (2021)

Recent work has made significant progress in helping users to automate single data preparation steps, such as string-transformations and table-manipulation operators (e.g., Join, GroupBy, Pivot, etc.). We in this work propose to automate multiple such steps end-to-end, by synthesizing complex data pipelines with both string transformations and table-manipulation operators. We propose a novel by-target paradigm that allows users to easily specify the desired pipeline, which is a significant departure from the traditional by-example paradigm. Using by-target, users would provide input tables (e.g., csv or json files), and point us to a target (e.g., an existing database table or BI dashboard) to demonstrate how the output from the desired pipeline would schematically look like. While the problem is seemingly underspecified, our unique insight is that implicit table constraints such as FDs and keys can be exploited to significantly constrain the space to make the problem tractable. We develop an Auto-Pipeline system that learns to synthesize pipelines using reinforcement learning and search. Experiments on large numbers of real pipelines crawled from GitHub suggest that Auto-Pipeline can successfully synthesize 60-70% of these complex pipelines (up to 10 steps) in 10-20 seconds on average.
6G Vision, Value, Use Cases and Technologies From European 6G Flagship Project Hexa-X (2021)

While 5G is being deployed and the economy and society begin to reap the associated benefits, the research and development community starts to focus on the next, 6th Generation (6G) of wireless communications. Although there are papers available in the literature on visions, requirements and technical enablers for 6G from various academic perspectives, there is a lack of joint industry and academic work towards 6G. In this paper a consolidated view on vision, values, use cases and key enabling technologies from leading industry stakeholders and academia is presented. The authors represent the mobile communications ecosystem with competences spanning hardware, link layer and networking aspects, as well as standardization and regulation. The second contribution of the paper is revisiting and analyzing the key concurrent initiatives on 6G. A third contribution of the paper is the identification and justification of six key 6G research challenges: (i) “connecting”, in the sense of empowering, exploiting and governing, intelligence; (ii) realizing a network of networks, i.e., leveraging on existing networks and investments, while reinventing roles and protocols where needed; (iii) delivering extreme experiences, when/where needed; (iv) (environmental, economic, social) sustainability to address the major challenges of current societies; (v) trustworthiness as an ingrained fundamental design principle; (vi) supporting cost-effective global service coverage. A fourth contribution is a comprehensive specification of a concrete first-set of industry and academia jointly defined use cases for 6G, e.g., massive twinning, cooperative robots, immersive telepresence, and others. Finally, the anticipated evolutions in the radio, network and management/orchestration domains are discussed.
Safe nondeterminism in a deterministic-by-default parallel language (2011)

A number of deterministic parallel programming models with strong safety guarantees are emerging, but similar support for nondeterministic algorithms, such as branch and bound search, remains an open question. We present a language together with a type and effect system that supports nondeterministic computations with a deterministic-by-default guarantee: nondeterminism must be explicitly requested via special parallel constructs (marked nd), and any deterministic construct that does not execute any nd construct has deterministic input-output behavior. Moreover, deterministic parallel constructs are always equivalent to a sequential composition of their constituent tasks, even if they enclose, or are enclosed by, nd constructs. Finally, in the execution of nd constructs, interference may occur only between pairs of accesses guarded by atomic statements, so there are no data races, either between atomic statements and unguarded accesses (strong isolation) or between pairs of unguarded accesses (stronger than strong isolation alone). We enforce the guarantees at compile time with modular checking using novel extensions to a previously described effect system. Our effect system extensions also enable the compiler to remove unnecessary transactional synchronization. We provide a static semantics, dynamic semantics, and a complete proof of soundness for the language, both with and without the barrier removal feature. An experimental evaluation shows that our language can achieve good scalability for realistic parallel algorithms, and that the barrier removal techniques provide significant performance gains.
Simulation of sub-90-nm node complementary phase-shift processes with ArF lithography (2003)

This paper investigate the resolution and process latitude of printing 90nm node via complementary phase-shift mask process in 193nm ArF lithography. A physical image-in-resist model is presented to simulate the through-does and through-focus variation of light intensity due to double exposure process. The exposure doses are optimized so as to minimize the through-pitch CD variation. The optimal PSM:BIM exposure dose ratio is found to be 68:32. Then the process latitude (PL) at different pitches is calculated under the assumption of perfect lens and no misalignment. The 200nm and over 400nm pitches have enough PL while forbidden pitches, 250-350nm, are not printable. The lens aberrations severely reduce the PL of 200nm pitch but has insignificant effect on isolated features. Misalignment has little impact on CD if pitch is more than 350nm, which is believed to be due to the optimal dose setup. But to maintain the printability of 200nm pitch, misalignment should be less than 10nm if aberrations exist. The pattern placement error is found to be a linear function of misalignment, and the coefficient of this function depends on pitch and is 0.1-0.3. The through-pitch CD variations are also analyzed and OPC is needed to address this issue. Finally the potential solutions to sub-90nm nodes are discussed.
Second order ODEs are sufficient for modeling of many periodic signals (2003)

Which is the minimum order an autonomous nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE) needs to have to be able to model a periodic signal? This question is motivated by recent research on periodic signal analysis, where nonlinear ODEs are used as models. The results presented here show that an order of two of the ODE is sufficient for a large class of periodic signals. More precisely, conditions on a periodic signal are established that imply the existence of an ODE that has the periodic signal as a solution. A criterion that characterizes the above class of periodic signals by means of the overtone contents of the signals is also presented. The reason why higher order ODEs are sometimes needed is illustrated with geometric arguments. Extensions of the theoretical analysis to cases with orders higher than two are developed using this insight.
AML relapse after a TIGIT race (2022)

identified an entirely new pathway for precision oncology approaches.
InterPol (2007)

Referral networks are a kind of P2P system consisting of autonomous agents who seek, provide services, or refer other service providers. Key applications include service discovery and selection, and knowledge sharing. This use of referrals is inspired by human interactions, where referrals are a key basis for judging the trustworthiness of a given service.
Hidden credential retrieval from a reusable password (2009)

We revisit the venerable question of access credentials management, which concerns the techniques that we, humans with limited memory, must employ to safeguard our various access keys and tokens in a connected world. Although many existing solutions can be employed to protect a long secret using a short password, those solutions typically require certain assumptions on the distribution of the secret and/or the password, and are helpful against only a subset of the possible attackers.