gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Screening for learning classification rules via Boolean compressed sensing (2014)

Convex relaxations for sparse representation problems, which aim to find sparse solutions to systems of equations, have enabled a variety of exciting applications in high-dimensional settings. Yet, with dimensions large enough, even these convex formulations become prohibitively expensive. Screening methods attempt to use duality theory to dramatically reduce the size of the optimization problem through easily computable certificates that many of the variables must be zero in the optimal solution. In this paper we consider learning sparse classification rules via Boolean compressed sensing and develop screening procedures that can significantly reduce the size of the resulting linear program. Boolean compressed sensing deals with systems of Boolean equations (instead of linear equations in traditional compressed sensing); we develop screening methods specifically for this setting. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our screening rules on several real-world classification data sets.
Non-equilibrium phase behavior of diblock copolymer melts and binary blends in the intermediate segregation regime (1999)

The phase behavior of intermediately segregated (χN = 45) poly(ethylene)-poly(ethylethylene) (PE–PEE) diblock copolymers and PE–PEE binary blends are characterized using transmission electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering. Surprisingly, the preparation-dependent, nonequilibrium phase behavior can be overwhelming even at this degree of segregation. A pure diblock with a poly(ethylene) volume fraction of fPE = 0.46 exhibited coexisting lamellae and perforated layers when prepared using a precipitation technique, but contained only the lamellar morphology when solvent cast. This preparation dependence was more dramatic in binary diblock copolymer blends with average compositions of 〈fPE〉 = 0.44, 0.46, and 0.48. Precipitated blends exhibited a microphase separated structure that was disordered and bicontinuous; however, solvent cast samples exhibited either a cylindrical, coexisting cylindrical and lamellar, or lamellar morphology. This nonequilibrium behavior is attributed to the high degree of segregation and the proximity to the cylinder/lamellae phase boundary. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 37: 2229–2238, 1999
Multicast VPN Fast Upstream Failover (2021)

This document defines multicast VPN extensions and procedures that
allow fast failover for upstream failures, by allowing downstream PEs
to take into account the status of Provider-Tunnels (P-tunnels) when
selecting the upstream PE for a VPN multicast flow, and extending BGP
MVPN routing so that a C-multicast route can be advertised toward a
standby upstream PE.
Time-domain study of low-dimensional chaos in the switching charge-density-wave conductorNbSe3 (1993)

We study the dynamics of switching charge-density waves (CDWs) in the presence of combined dc and ac electric fields. Analysis of the time series provides Lyapunov exponents, and an estimate for the number of active degrees of freedom. The dynamics are both low dimensional and chaotic. The principal nonlinearity which gives rise to the chaos in switching CDWs is shown to be the hysteresis in the depinning transition, rather than the interaction between two frequencies.
A Theoretical Analysis of Joint Manifolds (2009)

The emergence of low-cost sensor architectures for diverse modalities has made it possible to deploy sensor arrays that capture a single event from a large number of vantage points and using multiple modalities. In many scenarios, these sensors acquire very high-dimensional data such as audio signals, images, and video. To cope with such high-dimensional data, we typically rely on low-dimensional models. Manifold models provide a particularly powerful model that captures the structure of high-dimensional data when it is governed by a low-dimensional set of parameters. However, these models do not typically take into account dependencies among multiple sensors. We thus propose a new joint manifold framework for data ensembles that exploits such dependencies. We show that simple algorithms can exploit the joint manifold structure to improve their performance on standard signal processing applications. Additionally, recent results concerning dimensionality reduction for manifolds enable us to formulate a network-scalable data compression scheme that uses random projections of the sensed data. This scheme efficiently fuses the data from all sensors through the addition of such projections, regardless of the data modalities and dimensions.
Electrically reconfigurable terahertz signal processing devices using liquid metal components (2018)

Many applications of terahertz (THz) technology require the ability to actively manipulate a free space THz beam. Yet, although there have been many reports on the development of devices for THz signal processing, few of these include the possibility of electrical control of the functionality, and novel ideas are needed for active and reconfigurable THz devices. Here, we introduce a new approach, based on the integration of electrically actuated liquid metal components in THz waveguides. This versatile platform offers many possibilities for control of THz spectral content, wave fron"ts, polarization, and power flow. We demonstrate two illustrative examples: the first active power-splitting switch, and the first channel add-drop filter. We show that both of these devices can be used to electrically switch THz communication signals while preserving the information in a high bit-rate-modulated data stream.
Treatment Processes for Removal of Emerging Contaminants (2012)

This study investigated the nature of colloids associated with wastewater effluents. It also evaluated the association of emerging contaminants with these wastewater colloids. Two distinct emerging contaminants were investigated to gain general insight into the potential importance of emerging contaminant interactions with wastewater colloids.

The first and major component of the study was to evaluate the association of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) with colloids and the removal of ARGs by membrane processes. This is designated in the report as Part I.

The second aspect of the study was to obtain preliminary data on the potential association of nonylphenol with a range of colloidal size fractions and to evaluate their removal in wastewater treatment plants. This is designated Part II.

Overall, the goal was to determine the degree of association of two representative emerging contaminants, ARGs and nonylphenols, with various colloidal sizes and to determine the removal efficiency of these colloids in wastewater treatment plants. If the emerging contaminants are associated with the larger size fractions, then more conventional treatment processes can be used. If emerging contaminants are associated with the smaller size fractions, advanced processes such as nanofiltration or activated carbon may be needed.

This title belongs to WERF Research Report Series .

ISBN: 9781780404004 (eBook)
Robust Trench Buried-Guard-Ring-Based Termination for Charge Balanced Devices (2016)

A major limitation on the performance of high-voltage power semiconductor is the edge termination of the device. It is critical to maintain the breakdown voltage of the device without compromising the reliability of the device by controlling the surface electric field. A good termination structure is critical to the reliability of the power semiconductor device. The proposed termination uses a novel trench MOS with buried guard ring structure to completely eliminate high surface electric field in the silicon region of the termination. The proposed termination scheme was applied toward a 1350-V fast recovery diode and showed excellent results. It achieved 98% of parallel plane breakdown voltage, with low leakage and no shifts after high-temperature reverse bias testing due to mobile ion contamination from packaging mold compound.
Joint Precoding with Flexible Power Constraints in Multibeam Satellite Systems (2011)

In conventional multibeam satellite systems, frequency and polarization orthogonalization have been traditionally employed for mitigating interbeam interference. However, the paradigm of multibeam joint precoding allows for full frequency reuse while assisting beam-edge users. In this paper, the performance of linear beamforming is investigated in terms of meeting traffic demands. More importantly, generic linear constraints are considered over the transmit covariance matrix in order to model the power pooling effect which can be implemented through flexible traveling wave tube amplifiers (TWTAS) or multiport amplifiers. The performance of this scheme is compared against conventional spotbeam systems based on the rate-balancing objective. In this context, it is shown that significantly higher spectral efficiency can be achieved through beamforming, while flexible power constraint offers better rate-balancing.
Discharge During Detachment of Micro-Structured PDMS Sheds Light on the Role of Electrostatics in Adhesion (2012)

Light emission due to discharge in air is detected during and after the detachment of microstructured PDMS samples from glass surfaces, showing contact charging of the surfaces. The light emission provides information about the detachment process, like the velocity of the peeling front, which is difficult to obtain otherwise. While the work of separation exhibits the dependence on pulling velocity typically found for viscoelastic materials, the emission intensity exhibits almost no velocity dependence. We present a model for the rate-dependent contribution of a mosaic of contact charges to the work of separation. Also, the work of separation increases as expected with increasing aspect ratio of the microstructure, while the emission intensity shows a maximum for intermediate structures. Based on their different dependencies and on an upper-bound estimate of the energy emitted as light, we conclude that for the given system the contribution of electrostatic attraction to the work of separation is minor.
A New Layered Silicate with Structural Motives of Silicate Zeolites: Synthesis, Crystals Structure, and Properties (2008)

A new layered silicate, RUB-51, [Si12O24(OH)4][C6H5CH2N(CH3)3]4, was synthesized from hydrothermal experiments using benzyl trimethylammonium hydroxide as the structure-directing agent (SDA) in the SiO2−H3BO3−SDA−H2O system. Its crystal structure was refined from X-ray powder diffraction data collected at both room temperature and 180 °C. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pca21 (No. 29) with a = 8.3855(2) Å, b = 14.4122(5) Å, c = 11.7246(4) Å and a = 8.4047 (1) Å, b = 14.5238 (2) Å, c = 11.7705 (2) Å at room temperature and 180 °C, respectively. RUB-51 has the same silicate layer as RUB-15, another layered silicate that was first described in 1996, but with a different stacking sequence and intercalate SDA. The stacking sequence of the silicate layers in RUB-51, a segment of the structure of zeolite sodalite, is AA rather than ABAB as in RUB-15. Other characterization experiments using techniques like SEM, DTA-TG, and solid-state NMR complement and confirm the diffraction study.
A damage-free sapphire substrate removal process to realize highly manufacturable wafer-level white LED package (2013)

We proposed a novel wafer level chip scale package in which Laser Lift Off (LLO) was adopted for substrate removal. We confirmed that the LLO did not cause both mechanical and thermal damages into GaN layer.
Detection and Discrimination in One-Pass Using the OPTEMA Towed-Array (2014)

Abstract : The primary objective of this demonstration was to assess the feasibility of acquiring classification quality data during dynamic Electromagnetic Induction (EMI) surveys of Munitions Response Sites (MRS). The process of obtaining both detection and classification data during a single dynamic survey is known as the one-pass or dynamic classification method of data collection. By demonstrating the dynamic classification methodology using the One Pass Time-domain EMI Array (OPTEMA) to survey areas of the Aberdeen Proving Ground (APG) Standardized UXO Technology Demonstration Site, we acquired a baseline data set that allowed us to quantify the detection and classification performance enabled by this methodology with performance metrics (e.g., probability of detection, probability of false alarm, etc.) corresponding to a standard set of test items. The intent of this demonstration was to determine if the dynamic classification approach can enable detection and classification performance comparable to that of the existing set of cued classification sensors.
An Algorithm for the Visualization of Relevant Patterns in Astronomical Light Curves (2019)

Within the last years, the classification of variable stars with machine learning has become a mainstream area of research. Recently, visualization of time series is attracting more attention in data science as a tool to visually help scientists to recognize significant patterns in complex dynamics. Within the machine learning literature, dictionary-based methods have been widely used to encode relevant parts of image data. These methods intrinsically assign a degree of importance to patches in pictures, according to their contribution in the image reconstruction. Inspired by dictionary-based techniques, we present an approach that naturally provides the visualization of salient parts in astronomical light curves, making the analogy between image patches and relevant pieces in time series. Our approach encodes the most meaningful patterns such that we can approximately reconstruct light curves by just using the encoded information. We test our method in light curves from the ogle-iii and starlight data bases. Our results show that the proposed model delivers an automatic and intuitive visualization of relevant light curve parts, such as local peaks and drops in magnitude.
Data from Dietary Fats High in Linoleic Acids Impair Antitumor T-cell Responses by Inducing E-FABP–Mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The most recent American Dietary Guidelines (2020–2025) recommend shifting dietary fats from solid saturated fats to unsaturated oils. Dietary oils contain different compositions of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA). Oleic acid (OA) and linoleic acid (LA) are the most common UFA in dietary oils. How individual UFA in oils regulate immune cell function and cancer risk remains unclear. Here we demonstrated that high-fat diets (HFD) rich either in OA or LA induced a similar degree of murine obesity, but the LA-rich HFD specifically promoted mammary tumor growth. LA impaired antitumor T-cell responses by promoting naïve T-cell apoptosis and inhibiting TNFα production. While exogenous OA and LA were taken up by T cells with similar efficacy, only LA induced significant mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and lipid peroxidation. Importantly, naïve T cells predominantly expressed epidermal fatty acid binding protein (E-FABP), which is central in facilitating LA mitochondrial transport and cardiolipin incorporation. Genetic depletion of E-FABP rescued LA-impaired T-cell responses and suppressed LA-rich HFD-associated mammary tumor growth. Collectively, these data suggest that dietary oils high in LA promote mammary tumors by inducing E-FABP–mediated T-cell dysfunction.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;These findings suggest that modulation of dietary oil composition and inhibition of E-FABP activity may represent novel strategies to enhance T-cell function in the prevention and treatment of obesity-associated cancers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
A balanced translocation truncates Neurotrimin in a family with intracranial and thoracic aortic aneurysm (2012)

Our results demonstrate the feasibility of genome-wide paired-end sequencing for the characterisation of balanced rearrangements and identification of candidate genes in patients with potentially disease-associated chromosome rearrangements. The family samples were gathered as a part of our recently launched National Registry of Reciprocal Balanced Translocations and Inversions in Finland (n=2575), and we believe that such a registry will be a powerful resource for the localisation of chromosomal aberrations, which can bring insight into the aetiology of related phenotypes.
Exposure of self-assembled monolayers to highly charged ions and metastable atoms (1999)

The doses of neutral metastable argon atoms (Ar*) and highly charged xenon ions (HCIs) required to damage self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkanethiolates on gold are compared in a set of experiments carried out concurrently. The extent of damage to the SAM is determined by developing the samples in a gold etching solution, then measuring the decrease in reflectivity of the gold; ≈105 Ar* are required to cause the same amount of damage as 1 HCI, as measured by this assay. We have also demonstrated HCI micropatterning of a surface using a physical mask, suggesting the application of this system in lithography.
STRUCTURAL DESIGN CONCEPT FOR HIGH-RISE PC BUILDINGS- JAPANESE PC PROJECT - (2000)

2 SUMMARY The cooperative research project on prestressed concrete (herein after abbreviated as PC) building structures (Japan PC Project) to prepare the design and construction guidelines for high rise PC buildings (less than 60m) started in 1995 under the leadership of the Building Research Institute (BRI), Ministry of Construction Japan. This project will be completed at the end of 1998. The design guidelines for PC structure buildings whose heights are lower than 60m are proposed. The guidelines are characterised by the rational seismic evaluation method reflecting hysteresis characteristics of PC members and structures; i.e., stiffness, strength, and equivalent damping ratio, those are affected by construction methods, members and structures configuration, steel arrangement as well as the prestressed level
Evolution of Brain Injury After Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Neonatal Rats (2000)

In P7 rats, transient MCA occlusion causes acute cytotoxic edema and severe unilateral brain injury. The presence of a prominent inflammatory response suggests that both the ischemic episode and the reperfusion contribute to the neuropathological outcome.
Suramin Induces Phosphorylation of the High‐Affinity Nerve Growth Factor Receptor in PC12 Cells and Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons (1996)

Suramin is a polysulfonated naphthylurea with demonstrated antineoplastic activity. Toxicity includes adrenal insufficiency and peripheral neuropathy. Although the mechanism of antitumor activity is unknown, inhibition of binding of growth factors to their receptors has been suggested. Growth factors inhibited by suramin include platelet-derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, transforming growth factor, epidermal growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, and nerve growth factor (NGF). In these studies, suramin was shown to be cytotoxic to PC12 cells in a dose-dependent manner. At lower doses and in surviving cells, we observed the induction of neurite outgrowth. To determine the mechanism of suramin-induced neurite outgrowth, PC12 cells were exposed to suramin and/or NGF for various time periods and treated cells were analyzed, by western blot analysis, for expression of tyrosine phosphoproteins. There was a similarity in the pattern of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in PC12 cells stimulated with suramin or NGF. Of particular interest was the rapid phosphorylation (by 1 min) of the high-affinity NGF (TrkA) receptor. Activation of other members of the signal-transduction cascade (Shc, p21ras, Raf-1, ERK-1) revealed similar phosphorylation levels induced by suramin and NGF. Parallel studies were performed in rat dorsal root ganglion cultures; suramin potentiated neurite outgrowth and activated the NGF receptor on these cells. This finding of specific patterns of tyrosine phosphorylation of cellular proteins in response to suramin treatment demonstrated that suramin is a partial agonist for the NGF receptor in both PC12 cells and dorsal root ganglion neurons.
Hepatitis B virus DNA Sequences in Lymphoid Cells from Patients with AIDS and AIDS-Related Complex (1985)

A lymphotropic virus HTLV-III/LAV was recently identified as the etiologic agent of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). In a study of concomitant hepatitis B infections in patients with AIDS or the AIDS-related complex, DNA sequences of hepatitis B virus (HBV) were found in fresh and cultured lymphocytes from patients with AIDS even in the absence of conventional HBV serological markers. Furthermore, the restriction DNA pattern was consistent with the integration of the viral DNA. These results should prompt additional studies to reevaluate a possible role of HBV as a cofactor in AIDS in addition to the HTLV-III/LAV causal agent.
Cardiac fibroblast paracrine factors alter impulse conduction and ion channel expression of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (2009)

Paracrine factors from neonatal CFs alone produced significant electrophysiological changes in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes resembling those found in several cardiac pathologies.
A variation of the cross-correlation technique (1990)

A simplified, but versatile, cross-correlation technique is described. Suitable applications are determinations of radial velocities and searches for binary-star secondaries as well as interpretations of complicated spectra. The small number of operations used in defining the cross-correlation function allows the technique to be implemented in an on-line mode.
Excited State Phononic Processes in Semiconductor Nanocrystals Revealed by Excitonic State-Resolved Pump/Probe Spectroscopy (2019)

Semiconductor nanocrystals are being developed with increasingly complex shapes and geometries, often featuring complex shell structures. One aims to characterize these structures by different probes, beyond electronic spectroscopies. Vibrational spectroscopy is a useful tool to probe the phononic structure, but the commonly used frequency-domain methods can be plagued by artifacts due to charge-trapping dynamics. To circumvent these issues, coherent phonons may be measured in the time domain via excitonic state-resolved pump/probe spectroscopy. These measurements reveal several new observations on phononic processes, focusing on model systems of radially graded alloys of core/shell nanocrystals: CdSeCdXZn1–XS. The main new observation is frequency changes to the longitudinal optical phonon at high energy due to electronic mixing. This new, softened phonon mode appears via previously unobserved biexcitonic signals. The state-resolved measurements reveal insights into how the shelling process controls excitonic polarization, carrier trapping, and perturbations to sphericity.
Functional gamma‐secretase inhibitors reduce beta‐amyloid peptide levels in brain (2001)

Converging lines of evidence implicate the beta-amyloid peptide (Ass) as causative in Alzheimer's disease. We describe a novel class of compounds that reduce A beta production by functionally inhibiting gamma-secretase, the activity responsible for the carboxy-terminal cleavage required for A beta production. These molecules are active in both 293 HEK cells and neuronal cultures, and exert their effect upon A beta production without affecting protein secretion, most notably in the secreted forms of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). Oral administration of one of these compounds, N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-L-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester, to mice transgenic for human APP(V717F) reduces brain levels of Ass in a dose-dependent manner within 3 h. These studies represent the first demonstration of a reduction of brain A beta in vivo. Development of such novel functional gamma-secretase inhibitors will enable a clinical examination of the A beta hypothesis that Ass peptide drives the neuropathology observed in Alzheimer's disease.