gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
‘High-health, high-performance’ horses: risk mitigation strategies for OIE-listed diseases (2015)

The 'high-health, high-performance' (HHP) horse concept has been developed by the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) together with the F6ddration Equestre Internationale and the International Federation of Horseracing Authorities. This concept is outlined in the OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code (Chapter 4.16). It aims to address impediments to the international movement of competition horses through a harmonised, practically feasible, globally applicable framework based on simplified certification requirements for the temporary importation of HHP horses and for their return to their country of usual residence. Based on the principle of compartmentalisation, the high health status of these horses would be established by the application, at all times, of stringent health management practices and biosecurity measures to create and maintain a functional separation between horses within the defined compartment and all other equids. These provisions are intended to mitigate the risk of disease spread for most OIE-listed diseases. For six OIE-listed diseases (African horse sickness, equine influenza, equine infectious anaemia, equine piroplasmosis, glanders and Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis), the OIE recommends disease-specific mitigation measures, which have been included in a model HHP Veterinary Certificate, to provide additional guarantees to mitigate the risk of disease spread. This article presents the HH P disease risk mitigation strategy. It demonstrates how continuous observance of the HHP biosecurity measures and health management practices provides a scientific rationale for limiting the list of diseases for which HHP horses should be screened with respect to their temporary importation for competition purposes.
MRI-guided focal laser ablation of prostate cancer: a prospective single-arm, single-center trial with 3 years of follow-up (2021)

After 3 years of follow-up we conclude focal laser ablation is safe and feasible without significant complications.
Wheat Protein Hydrolysate Fortified With l‐Arginine Enhances Satiation Induced by the Capsaicinoid Nonivamide in Moderately Overweight Male Subjects (2019)

Combination of WPH and ARG enhances the satiating effect of nonivamide, providing opportunities to optimize satiating food formulations by low amounts of the individual food constituents.
An unexpectedly high prevalence of colonization with the intestinal spirochaete Brachyspira aalborgi amongst residents of the Indonesian island of Bali (2008)

PCR assays designed to amplify DNA from the anaerobic intestinal spirochaete Brachyspira aalborgi were conducted on DNA extracted from 938 faecal samples from 469 residents on the Indonesian island of Bali. The individuals tested were sampled twice in one year and were from four rural villages, one peri-urban centre and the capital city, Denpasar. Overall, an unexpectedly high prevalence of colonization (24.7%) was found, with prevalence rates at different locations varying from a low of 15.6% at one village to 41.5% in the peri-urban centre. Comparison of prevalence rates at the two sampling times suggested that, in many individuals, colonization was likely to be prolonged (>3 months) and/or that reinfection was occurring frequently in these people. Analysis of a questionnaire administered to the individuals who were sampled identified specific risk factors for colonization as location, co-colonization with the related intestinal spirochaete Brachyspira pilosicoli and use of drinking water obtained from wells rather than from taps. No specific associations with clinical symptoms were identified.
Sensitivity analysis of narrow-band photonic crystal filters and waveguides (2002)

Photonic band gap materials attract much attention in the context of designing optical and microwave devices. Line defects in photonic crystals can be used to guide optical signals and also to multiplex and demultiplex them (see Centeno, E., 1999). A new guiding device with a prescribed center frequency and narrow bandwidth - the coupled cavity waveguide (CCW) - has been proposed recently (see Bayindir, M. et al., 2000; Yariv, A. et al., 1999; Boag, A. and Steinberg, B.Z., 2001). In these devices, a waveguide is formed by widely spaced periodic defects in the photonic crystal. Each defect site with a resonant frequency in the band gap serves as a microcavity. Tunneling of radiation between the defect sites allows wave propagation along the line of defects. Sections of such waveguides can be employed as ultra narrow band filters in optical routing devices in communication applications where the operating wavelengths are in the 1.5 /spl mu/m regime. We examine sensitivity aspects related to the microcavity frequency and the ramifications of these effects on the CCW filter design.
Lipopolysaccharide and phorbol esters induce differentiation but have opposite effects on phosphatidylinositol turnover and Ca2+ mobilization in 70Z/3 pre-B lymphocytes. (1985)

We have recently shown that both lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) induce differentiation in the transformed murine pre-B lymphocyte cell line 70Z/3 by enhancing Na+-H+ exchange across the plasma membrane through an amiloride-sensitive transport system (Rosoff, P.M., Stein, L.F., and Cantley, L.C. (1984) J. Biol. Chem. 259, 7056-7060). These data suggested that the activation of protein kinase C indirectly by LPS and directly by TPA was the critical step in the initiation of differentiation in these cells. We extend these observations to show that LPS rapidly stimulates an increase in phosphatidylinositol turnover, leading to a rise in the levels of diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and a concomitant decrease in the amount of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. There is also a rapid elevation of intracellular free [Ca2+] which is independent of the presence of extracellular Ca2+ or Na+. These results suggest that the increase in cytosolic [Ca2+] is due to release of cation from internal stores. TPA, which also causes differentiation in these cells, and the synthetic diacylglycerol, 1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol, have opposite effects from LPS on both phosphatidylinositol turnover and cellular Ca+ mobilization. These data suggest that protein kinase C inhibits the activity of phospholipase C. Thus protein kinase C plays a pivotal role in the regulation of mitogen-induced differentiation in these cells by both transducing a positive stimulus to the Na+-H+ exchange system as well as feedback regulating its own stimulatory pathway.
Pars plana Baerveldt tube insertion with pars plana vitrectomy for refractory glaucoma (2012)

Pars plana Baerveldt tube implantation with PPV can preserve vision, reduce IOP, and decrease the number of glaucoma medications necessary to achieve target IOP in patients with recalcitrant glaucoma.
ChemInform Abstract: Use of Mesoporous Molecular Sieves in the Production of Fine Chemicals: Preparation of Dihydroquinolinones of Pharmaceutical Interest from 2′‐Aminochalcones. (2016)

Abstract Solid catalysts are investigated in detail for the title reaction.
Silicon photonics for compact, energy-efficient interconnects [Invited] (2007)

&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.osa-jon.org/virtual_issue.cfm?vid=28"&gt;Feature Issue on Nanoscale Integrated Photonics for Optical Networks&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;The goal of the research program that we describe is to break the emerging performance wall in microprocessor development arising from limited bandwidth and density of on-chip interconnects and chip-to-chip (processor-to-memory) electrical interfaces. Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor compatible photonic devices provide an infrastructure for deployment of a range of integrated photonic networks, which will replace state-of-the-art electrical interconnects, providing significant gains at the system level. Scaling of wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) architectures using high-index-contrast (HIC) waveguides offers one path to realizing the energy efficiency and density requirements of high data rate links. HIC microring-resonator filters are well suited to support add-drop nodes in dense WDM photonic networks with high aggregate data rates because they support high Q's and, due to their traveling-wave character, naturally support physically separated input and drop ports. A novel reconfigurable, 'hitless' switch is presented that does not perturb the express channels either before, during, or after reconfiguration. In addition, multigigahertz operation of low-power, Mach-Zehnder silicon modulators as well as germanium-on-silicon photodiodes are presented.
Co-occurrence of frameshift mutations in SMAD6 and TCF12 in a child with complex craniosynostosis (2018)

Non-syndromic craniosynostosis (CS) affects 1 in 2350 live births. Recent studies have shown that a significant fraction of cases are caused by de novo or rare transmitted mutations that promote premature osteoblast differentiation in cranial sutures. Rare heterozygous loss-of-function (LOF) mutations in <i>SMAD6</i> and <i>TCF12</i> are highly enriched in patients with non-syndromic sagittal and coronal CS, respectively. Interestingly, both mutations show striking incomplete penetrance, suggesting a role for modifying alleles; in the case of <i>SMAD6</i>, a common variant near <i>BMP2</i> drastically increases penetrance of sagittal CS. Here, we report a proband presenting with both sagittal and coronal craniosynostosis with the highly unusual recurrence of CS within two months of initial surgery, requiring a second operation to re-establish suture patency at six months of age. Exome sequencing revealed a rare transmitted frameshift mutation in <i>SMAD6</i> (p. 152 fs*27) inherited from an unaffected parent, absence of the common <i>BMP2</i> risk variant, and a de novo frameshift mutation in <i>TCF12</i> (p.E548fs*14). <i>SMAD6</i> and <i>TCF12</i> independently inhibit transcriptional targets of BMP signaling. The findings are consistent with epistasis of these mutations, increasing penetrance and severity of CS in this proband. They also add to the list of composite phenotypes resulting from two Mendelian mutations, and support the utility of exome sequencing in atypical CS cases.
A Visual Analytics Approach for Peak‐Preserving Prediction of Large Seasonal Time Series (2011)

Abstract Time series prediction methods are used on a daily basis by analysts for making important decisions. Most of these methods use some variant of moving averages to reduce the number of data points before prediction. However, to reach a good prediction in certain applications (e.g., power consumption time series in data centers) it is important to preserve peaks and their patterns. In this paper, we introduce automated peak‐preserving smoothing and prediction algorithms, enabling a reliable long term prediction for seasonal data, and combine them with an advanced visual interface: (1) using high resolution cell‐based time series to explore seasonal patterns, (2) adding new visual interaction techniques (multi‐scaling, slider, and brushing &amp; linking) to incorporate human expert knowledge, and (3) providing both new visual accuracy color indicators for validating the predicted results and certainty bands communicating the uncertainty of the prediction. We have integrated these techniques into a well‐fitted solution to support the prediction process, and applied and evaluated the approach to predict both power consumption and server utilization in data centers with 70–80% accuracy.
Impact of maternal characteristics on human milk oligosaccharide composition over the first 4 months of lactation in a cohort of healthy European mothers (2019)

Human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) composition varies among lactating mothers and changes during the course of lactation period. Interindividual variation is largely driven by fucosyltransferase (FUT2 and FUT3) polymorphisms resulting in 4 distinct milk groups. Little is known regarding whether maternal physiological status contributes to HMO variability. We characterized the trajectories of 20 major HMOs and explored whether maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI), mode of delivery, or parity may affect milk HMO composition. Using longitudinal breastmilk samples from healthy mothers (n = 290) across 7 European countries, we characterized HMO composion and employed mixed linear models to explore associations of maternal characteristics with individual HMOs. We observed HMO-specific temporal trajectories and milk group dependencies. We observed relatively small but significant differences in HMO concentrations based on maternal ppBMI, mode of delivery and parity. Our findings suggest that HMO composition to be regulated time-dependently by an enzyme as well as substrate availability and that ppBMI, mode of delivery, and parity may influence maternal physiology to affect glycosylation marginally within the initital period of lactation. Our observational study is the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics. Time of lactation and milk groups had the biggest impact on HMO variation. Future studies need to elucidate these observations and assess the physiological significance for the breastfed infant.
3D Scaffolded Nickel–Tin Li‐Ion Anodes with Enhanced Cyclability (2015)

A 3D mechanically stable scaffold is shown to accommodate the volume change of a high-specific-capacity nickel-tin nanocomposite during operation as a Li-ion battery anode. The nickel-tin anode is supported by an electrochemically inactive conductive scaffold with an engineered free volume and controlled characteristic dimensions, which engender the electrode with significantly improved cyclability.
Elliptic Curve Cryptography in Practice. (2013)

In this paper, we perform a review of elliptic curve cryptography (ECC), as it is used in practice today, in order to reveal unique mistakes and vulnerabilities that arise in implementations of ECC. We study four popular protocols that make use of this type of public-key cryptography: Bitcoin, secure shell (SSH), transport layer security (TLS), and the Austrian e-ID card. We are pleased to observe that about 1 in 10 systems support ECC across the TLS and SSH protocols. However, we find that despite the high stakes of money, access and resources protected by ECC, implementations suffer from vulnerabilities similar to those that plague previous cryptographic systems.
High Spatial Resolution, Respiratory-Gated, T1-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Liver and the Biliary Tract During the Hepatobiliary Phase of Gadoxetic Acid–Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2014)

T1-weighted gated-VIBE showed technical feasibility for HR-T1WI during HBP imaging of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI.
Towards mixed-initiative access control (2007)

The difficult task of providing access to shared objects is, typically, carried out individually by access authorizers. We motivate and explain here the idea of using distributed collaborative environments to perform this activity. In these environments, the initiative in distributing access rights to shared objects can be taken by information guardians, information consumers, and tools that act as agents of the guardians and consumers. Information consumers are responsible for sending access requests to information guardians; their agents (partially or completely) automate this task for them. Information guardians are responsible for authorizing accesses; their agents automate this task for them. The agents interact with collaborative and communication tools, which must be extended to support the new access-control paradigm.
Laboratory Tests and Modeling of Carbon Dioxide Injection in Chalk With Fracture/Matrix–Transport Mechanisms (2017)

Summary The main focus of this paper is to present experimental and simulation results that describe carbon dioxide (CO2) injection in a chalk sample with fracture/matrix interaction at reservoir conditions. On the basis of the experiments, simulation models were built to mimic the main transport phenomena, including diffusion, which was found to be particularly important. The first experiment consisted of a vertically oriented Sigerslev outcrop chalk core, where a single “fracture” was represented by a centralized hole along the core. Both matrix and fracture were initially saturated with a North Sea stock-tank oil (STO) at reservoir conditions. Once the initial conditions were established, CO2 was injected from the top of the fracture and the oil was produced from the bottom. Injected CO2 diffused into the oil in the matrix and swelled the oil. Once the oil in the fracture was drained, the matrix fed the fracture with oil at decreasing rates. The first experiment lasted up to approximately 24 pore volumes injected (PVinj). The second experiment is similar, but laboratory oil n-C10 was used instead of STO. Laboratory oil and CO2 have very similar densities at the chosen reservoir conditions, which minimizes gravity-driven convective (Darcy) transport and maximizes the effect of diffusion. Our modeling was conducted with a compositional reservoir simulator. We developed and used a tuned equation-of-state (EOS) model that accounts for proper estimation of the phase and volumetric properties for CO2 mixtures in the STO and n-C10 systems. Automated history matching was used to fit the experimental data. A commercial reservoir simulator could reproduce laboratory results adequately. Numerical simulations were conducted to match experimental oil-production data by tuning the oil- and gas-diffusion coefficients. Good agreement between the numerical model and the experimental data was obtained. For the n-C10 system, we found that the results were not sensitive to vertical permeability, confirming displacement was dominated by diffusion rather than convective flux. Verifying the accuracy of modeling the diffusion-dominated processes in a fractured chalk system with CO2 at reservoir conditions has been accomplished. The lesson learned from the experimental and modeling work flow obtained from this study becomes an important step toward modeling an actual fractured chalk/reservoir-oil system undergoing CO2 injection.
패킷 손실에 대한 스케일러블 비디오(SVC) 적응기법 및 성능분석 (2009)

SVC(Scalable Video Coding)는 시간-공간-화질의 다양한 스케일러빌러티를 통하여 이종의 망과 다양한 단말 환경에서 컨버전스 미디어 서비스를 제공하기 위한 새로운 비디오 부호화 표준이다. 본 논문에서는 IP 망에서의 패킷 손실(packet loss)로 인한 SVC의 성능을 분석하고 이를 바탕으로 버퍼 넘침(buffer overflow)으로 인한 패킷 손실에 대한 효과적인 SVC 적응(adaptation) 기법을 제시 한다. 특히, IP 망을 통하여 전송되는 SVC는 시간, 공간 스케일러빌리티뿐만 아니라 많은 수의 화질 계층을 포함하여 패킷기반의 적응에 효과적인 MGS(Medium-Grained Scalability) 기반의 화질 스케일러빌리티를 포함하는 것으로 가정한다. MGS를 포함한 SVC의 패킷 손실로 인한 품질의 영향을 분석한다. 본 논문의 MGS SVC 적응 기법은 접근단위(AU: Access Unit) 또는 GOP 단위로 적응단위를 설정하고 적응단위의 지연이 허용된다는 가정 하에 적응단위내에서 패킷 간의 의존성이 낮은 패킷부터 선택적으로 제거함으로써 패킷 손실로 인한 화질 열화를 최소화하도록 한다. 모의실험을 통하여 패킷 손실로 인한 품질 성능을 정량적으로 분석하고 제안한 적응 기법이 패킷 손실에 효과적으로 대응할 수 있음을 보인다.
MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Lessons from growth hormone receptor gene-disrupted mice: are there benefits of endocrine defects? (2018)

Growth hormone (GH) is produced primarily by anterior pituitary somatotroph cells. Numerous acute human (h) GH treatment and long-term follow-up studies and extensive use of animal models of GH action have shaped the body of GH research over the past 70 years. Work on the GH receptor (R)-knockout (GHRKO) mice and results of studies on GH-resistant Laron Syndrome (LS) patients have helped define many physiological actions of GH including those dealing with metabolism, obesity, cancer, diabetes, cognition and aging/longevity. In this review, we have discussed several issues dealing with these biological effects of GH and attempt to answer the question of whether decreased GH action may be beneficial.
Synthesis of poly(p-hydroxy-α-methylstyrene) by cationic polymerization and chemical modification (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of poly(p-hydroxy-α-methylstyrene) by cationic polymerization and chemical modificationHiroshi Ito, C. Grant Willson, Jean M. J. Frechet, M. Jean Farrall, and Eva EichlerCite this: Macromolecules 1983, 16, 4, 510–517Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00238a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00238a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views698Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Distinct bilineal leukemia immunophenotypes are not genetically determined (2016)

We described the association of gain-of-function germline JAK2 mutations (T108A, L393V) coexisting with JAK2V617F in subjects with polycythemia vera phenotype. Both JAK2 germline mutations showed in vitro hypersensitivity to erythropoietin in BaF/3-EPOR cells and weak activation of JAK2/STAT signaling. It is suggestive, that JAK2 germline mutations may provide clonal advantage and increase the probability of acquiring JAK2V617F lesion during the evolution of polycythemia vera phenotype and may contribute to further genomic alterations in polycythemia vera clone and eventually fatal leukemic transformation.
Advances in multiangle satellite remote sensing of speciated airborne particulate matter and association with adverse health effects: from MISR to MAIA (2018)

Inhalation of airborne particulate matter (PM) is associated with a variety of adverse health outcomes. However, the relative toxicity of specific PM types—mixtures of particles of varying sizes, shapes, and chemical compositions—is not well understood. A major impediment has been the sparse distribution of surface sensors, especially those measuring speciated PM. Aerosol remote sensing from Earth orbit offers the opportunity to improve our understanding of the health risks associated with different particle types and sources. The Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) instrument aboard NASA’s Terra satellite has demonstrated the value of near-simultaneous observations of backscattered sunlight from multiple view angles for remote sensing of aerosol abundances and particle properties over land. The Multi-Angle Imager for Aerosols (MAIA) instrument, currently in development, improves on MISR’s sensitivity to airborne particle composition by incorporating polarimetry and expanded spectral range. Spatiotemporal regression relationships generated using collocated surface monitor and chemical transport model data will be used to convert fractional aerosol optical depths retrieved from MAIA observations to near-surface PM10, PM2.5, and speciated PM2.5. Health scientists on the MAIA team will use the resulting exposure estimates over globally distributed target areas to investigate the association of particle species with population health effects.