gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
“Meta-analysis of action video game impact on perceptual, attentional, and cognitive skills”: Correction to Bediou et al. (2018). (2018)

Reports an error in "Meta-analysis of action video game impact on perceptual, attentional, and cognitive skills" by Benoit Bediou, Deanne M. Adams, Richard E. Mayer, Elizabeth Tipton, C. Shawn Green and Daphne Bavelier (<i>Psychological Bulletin</i>, 2018[Jan], Vol 144[1], 77-110). In the article, a number of issues related to clustering in cases of partial overlap between participants were identified following publication. This document clarifies these issues and extends the original results by adding additional sensitivity analyses. Please see the erratum for the full correction. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2017-52625-001.) The ubiquity of video games in today's society has led to significant interest in their impact on the brain and behavior and in the possibility of harnessing games for good. The present meta-analyses focus on one specific game genre that has been of particular interest to the scientific community-action video games, and cover the period 2000-2015. To assess the long-lasting impact of action video game play on various domains of cognition, we first consider cross-sectional studies that inform us about the cognitive profile of habitual action video game players, and document a positive average effect of about half a standard deviation (g = 0.55). We then turn to long-term intervention studies that inform us about the possibility of causally inducing changes in cognition via playing action video games, and show a smaller average effect of a third of a standard deviation (g = 0.34). Because only intervention studies using other commercially available video game genres as controls were included, this latter result highlights the fact that not all games equally impact cognition. Moderator analyses indicated that action video game play robustly enhances the domains of top-down attention and spatial cognition, with encouraging signs for perception. Publication bias remains, however, a threat with average effects in the published literature estimated to be 30% larger than in the full literature. As a result, we encourage the field to conduct larger cohort studies and more intervention studies, especially those with more than 30 hours of training. (PsycINFO Database Record
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 knockin mice develop a progressive neuronal dysfunction with age-dependent accumulation of mutant Ca V 2.1 channels (2008)

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (SCA6) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by CAG repeat expansions within the voltage-gated calcium (Ca(V)) 2.1 channel gene. It remains controversial whether the mutation exerts neurotoxicity by changing the function of Ca(V)2.1 channel or through a gain-of-function mechanism associated with accumulation of the expanded polyglutamine protein. We generated three strains of knockin (KI) mice carrying normal, expanded, or hyperexpanded CAG repeat tracts in the Cacna1a locus. The mice expressing hyperexpanded polyglutamine (Sca6(84Q)) developed progressive motor impairment and aggregation of mutant Ca(V)2.1 channels. Electrophysiological analysis of cerebellar Purkinje cells revealed similar Ca(2+) channel current density among the three KI models. Neither voltage sensitivity of activation nor inactivation was altered in the Sca6(84Q) neurons, suggesting that expanded CAG repeat per se does not affect the intrinsic electrophysiological properties of the channels. The pathogenesis of SCA6 is apparently linked to an age-dependent process accompanied by accumulation of mutant Ca(V)2.1 channels.
Determination of chloroplatinates by CE coupled to inductively coupled plasma sector field MS (2007)

In the present work the degradation of chloroplatinates emitted into the aquatic environment has been investigated in model studies. CE coupled to inductively coupled plasma sector field MS (ICP-SFMS) was employed as an analytical method of measurement. The CE-ICP-MS interface utilized the functional make-up flow design with a microconcentric nebulizer. [Pt(Cl(4))](2-) and [Pt(Cl(6))](2-) were separated within 5 min. During a measurement period of 6 h an excellent reproducibility of migration times (RSD 2.3%) could be achieved. The high sensitivity of ICP-SFMS resulted in an LOD of 80 ng/L platinum for the two compounds. External calibration using rhenium as internal standard was linear over three orders of magnitude. However, with external calibration a long-term drift of signal intensity was observed. In order to reduce the uncertainty of the obtained results, quantification of [PtCl(6)](2-) was performed for the first time by species-specific on-line isotope dilution MS using (194)[PtCl(6)](2-) as spike. The two different quantification strategies were compared in terms of their total combined uncertainty of measurement according to the EURACHEM guideline. The method was employed for monitoring the time-dependent degradation of [Pt(Cl(4))](2-) and [Pt(Cl(6))](2-) in water containing 0 and 2.8 mmol/L Cl(-) and river water. [Pt(Cl(6))](2-) was stable whereas [Pt(Cl(4))](2-) showed rapid degradation following pseudo first-order kinetics.
Triple-junction solar cell performance under Fresnel-based concentrators taking into account chromatic aberration and off-axis operation (2012)

Concentration photovoltaic (CPV) systems might produce quite uneven irradiance distributions (both on their level and on their spectral distribution) on the solar cell. This effect can be even more evident when the CPV system is slightly off-axis, since they are often designed to assure good uniformity only at normal incidence. The non-uniformities both in absolute irradiance and spectral content produced by the CPV systems, can originate electrical losses in multi-junction solar cells (MJSC). This works is focused on the integration of ray-tracing methods for simulating the irradiance and spectrum maps produced by different optic systems throughout the solar cell surface, with a 3D fully distributed circuit model which simulates the electrical behavior of a state-of-the-art triple-junction solar cell under the different light distributions obtained with ray-tracing. In this study four different CPV system (SILO, XTP, RTP, and FK) comprising Fresnel lenses concentrating sunlight onto the same solar cell are modeled when working on-axis and 0.6 degrees off-axis. In this study the impact of non-uniformities on a CPV system behavior is revealed. The FK outperforms other Fresnel-based CPV systems in both on-axis and off-axis conditions.
Modeling of a low threshold bistable device for energy scavenging (2018)

Compared to linear resonant oscillators, typically based on cantilever beams, nonlinear (bistable) configurations of vibrational energy harvesters can provide better performance in terms of the amount of energy extracted from environmental wide spectrum mechanical vibrations. In this paper a low threshold nonlinear snap-through-buckling (STB) configuration and two piezoelectric transducers, placed near the inflection points of the potential energy function that underpins the dynamics of the system is considered. In particular the modeling of the mechanical behavior of the STB beam is discussed. Performance of two different theoretical models are compared against experimental results.
A strong ethidium binding site in the acceptor stem of most or all transfer RNAs. (1977)

E. coli unfractionated tRNA and tRNA phe both contain a single strong ethidium binding site. Singlet-singlet energy transfer has been used to measure the distance between this site and dansyl hydrazine covalently attached to the 3' end of the tRNAs. The distance obtained is between 33 and 40 A for both samples. This is completely consistent with results from earlier NMR studies which placed the single, strong ethidium binding site of yeast tRNAphe between base pairs 6 and 7 on the aminoacyl stem. From the known tertiary structure of tRNAphe it is possible to rationalize the unusual affinity of this site and its likely existence in all tRNAs.
Impact of CSI Feedback Strategies on LTE Downlink and Reinforcement Learning Solutions for Optimal Allocation (2016)

The constant increase in wireless handheld devices and the prospect of billions of connected machines has led the cellular community to research many different technologies that can deliver a high data rate and quality of service to mobile users (MUs). One of the problems that is usually overlooked by the community is that more devices mean higher signaling necessary to coordinate transmission and to allocate resources effectively. In particular, channel state information (CSI) of the users' channels is necessary in order for the base station to assign frequency resources. On the other hand, this feedback (FB) information comes at a cost of uplink (UL) bandwidth, which is traditionally not considered. In this paper, we analyze the impact that reduced user FB information has on a Long-Term Evolution (LTE) network. A model, which considers the tradeoff between downlink (DL) performance and UL overhead, is presented. We introduce different FB-allocation strategies, which follow the same structure as the ones in the LTE standard, and study their effects on the network for varying number of users and different resource-allocation strategies. We show that dynamically allocating FB resources can be beneficial for the network. In order for the base station to determine which FB-allocation strategy is the most beneficial, in specific network conditions, we propose two reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms. The first solution allows the base station to allocate one homogeneous FB strategy valid for all the users served, whereas the second more complex solution determines a different strategy for each user based on its channel conditions. The RL methods show that, even in dynamic scenarios, each base station is capable of determining an optimal operating point autonomously, hence optimally balancing FB overhead and benefits.
Metabolomic Profiling Identifies Biochemical Pathways Associated with Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2013)

Despite recent developments in treatment strategies, castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is still the second leading cause of cancer-associated mortality among American men, the biological underpinnings of which are not well understood. To this end, we measured levels of 150 metabolites and examined the rate of utilization of 184 metabolites in metastatic androgen-dependent prostate cancer (AD) and CRPC cell lines using a combination of targeted mass spectrometry and metabolic phenotyping. Metabolic data were used to derive biochemical pathways that were enriched in CRPC, using Oncomine concept maps (OCM). The enriched pathways were then examined in-silico for their association with treatment failure (i.e., prostate specific antigen (PSA) recurrence or biochemical recurrence) using published clinically annotated gene expression data sets. Our results indicate that a total of 19 metabolites were altered in CRPC compared to AD cell lines. These altered metabolites mapped to a highly interconnected network of biochemical pathways that describe UDP glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) activity. We observed an association with time to treatment failure in an analysis employing genes restricted to this pathway in three independent gene expression data sets. In summary, our studies highlight the value of employing metabolomic strategies in cell lines to derive potentially clinically useful predictive tools.
Hydrocarbon layer formation and removal studies on SiN films etched in halogen/hydrofluorocarbon plasmas (2020)

Plasma etch residue formation and its removal from silicon nitride (SiN) films deposited at 200ºC, 480ºC and 700ºC is explored. X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) measurements showed that SiN contains more nitrogen (N) and less oxygen (O) with increasing deposition temperature. SiN films were etched in an Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) reactor in a halogen/hydrofluorocarbon (H:HFC) gas mixture; the carbon (C) containing species in the resulting residue films were studied as a function of the H:HFC ratio in the plasma. Post-plasma etch cleaning methods of the SiN surface were compared, these included: wet treatment with diluted hydrofluoric acid (dHF), sputtering with argon (Ar) plasma, and combined dHF and Ar plasma. After etch, Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS) and XPS data showed formation of fluorocarbon (FC) films on SiN. FC film thickness after etch was estimated from XPS to reach up to 2 nm. Ultimately the SiN etch rate was shown to drop with increasing deposited C thickness while the lower nitrogen content in the SiN film (i.e. 200ºC) led to higher etch rate, which is in good agreement with literature. Ar plasma sputter turned out to be the most effective way of cleaning C residues: C surface content after Ar sputter was reduced to or below the reference data (unetched sample). In terms of wet treatment, an optimized chemistry was identified (AltChem) and post-RIE cleaning was more efficient than dHF in reducing C surface concentrations.
Valsartan nano‐filaments alter mitochondrial energetics and promote faster healing in diabetic rat wounds (2021)

Chronic wounds are a common and debilitating condition associated with aging populations that impact more than 6.5 million patients in the United States. We have previously demonstrated the efficacy of daily topical 1% valsartan in treating wounds in diabetic mouse and pig models. Despite these promising results, there remains a need to develop an extended-release formulation that would reduce patient burden by decreasing the frequency of daily applications. Here, we used nanotechnology to self-assemble valsartan amphiphiles into a filamentous structure (val-filaments) that would serve as a scaffold in wound beds and allow for steady, localised and tunable release of valsartan amphiphiles over 24 days. Two topical treatments of this peptide-based hydrogel on full-thickness wounds in Zucker Diabetic Fatty rats resulted in faster rates of wound closure. By day 23, all val-filament treated wounds were completely closed, as compared to one wound closed in the placebo group. Mechanistically, we observed enrichment of proteins involved in cell adhesion and energetics pathways, downregulation of Tgf-β signalling pathway mediators (pSmad2, pSmad3 and Smad4) and increased mitochondrial metabolic pathway intermediates. This study demonstrates the successful synthesis of a sustained-release valsartan filament hydrogel, its impact on mitochondrial energetics and efficacy in treating diabetic wounds.
Activity and Thermostability of GH5 Endoglucanase Chimeras from Mesophilic and Thermophilic Parents (2018)

Cellulases from glycoside hydrolase family 5 (GH5) are key endoglucanase enzymes in the degradation of diverse polysaccharide substrates and are used in industrial enzyme cocktails to break down biomass. The GH5 family shares a canonical (βα)<sub>8</sub>-barrel structure, where each (βα) module is essential for the enzyme's stability and activity. Despite their shared topology, the thermostability of GH5 endoglucanase enzymes can vary significantly, and highly thermostable variants are often sought for industrial applications. Based on the previously characterized thermophilic GH5 endoglucanase Egl5A from <i>Talaromyces emersonii</i> (<i>Te</i>Egl5A), which has an optimal temperature of 90°C, we created 10 hybrid enzymes with elements of the mesophilic endoglucanase Cel5 from <i>Stegonsporium opalus</i> (<i>So</i>Cel5) to determine which elements are responsible for enhanced thermostability. Five of the expressed hybrid enzymes exhibit enzyme activity. Two of these hybrids exhibited pronounced increases in the temperature optimum (10 and 20°C), the temperature at which the protein lost 50% of its activity (<i>T</i><sub>50</sub>) (15 and 19°C), and the melting temperature (<i>T<sub>m</sub></i> ) (16.5 and 22.9°C) and extended half-lives (<i>t</i><sub>1/2</sub>) (∼240- and 650-fold at 55°C) relative to the values for the mesophilic parent enzyme and demonstrated improved catalytic efficiency on selected substrates. The successful hybridization strategies were validated experimentally in another GH5 endoglucanase, Cel5 from <i>Aspergillus niger</i> (<i>An</i>Cel5), which demonstrated a similar increase in thermostability. Based on molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of both the <i>So</i>Cel5 and <i>Te</i>Egl5A parent enzymes and their hybrids, we hypothesize that improved hydrophobic packing of the interface between α<sub>2</sub> and α<sub>3</sub> is the primary mechanism by which the hybrid enzymes increase their thermostability relative to that of the mesophilic parent <i>So</i>Cel5.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Thermal stability is an essential property of enzymes in many industrial biotechnological applications, as high temperatures improve bioreactor throughput. Many protein engineering approaches, such as rational design and directed evolution, have been employed to improve the thermal properties of mesophilic enzymes. Structure-based recombination has also been used to fuse TIM barrel fragments, and even fragments from unrelated folds, to generate new structures. However, little research has been done on GH5 endoglucanases. In this study, two GH5 endoglucanases exhibiting TIM barrel structure, <i>So</i>Cel5 and <i>Te</i>Egl5A, with different thermal properties, were hybridized to study the roles of different (βα) motifs. This work illustrates the role that structure-guided recombination can play in helping to identify sequence function relationships within GH5 enzymes by supplementing natural diversity with synthetic diversity.
ESR study of the spin adducts of three analogues of DEPMPO substituted at C4or C3 (2014)

Average geometries of the nitroxide adducts of various radicals with three substituted DEPMPO nitrones allow the prediction of a correlation between the substitution and the trapping properties.
Bubbles Containing 4, 6 and 12 Electrons in Liquid Helium-3 (2014)

We have performed calculations of the properties of bubbles in liquid helium containing small numbers of electrons. We use an iterative approach to estimate the energy of the electrons inside a bubble of given shape, and then vary the shape of the bubble to find the minimum energy. For helium-3 we show that at zero applied pressure bubbles containing 4 electrons are unstable against breakup into single electron bubbles, but are stable at pressures between -0.23 and -0.15 bars. Bubbles with 6 electrons are stable between -0.17 and -0.05 bars and bubbles with 12 electrons are stable over the pressure range -0.1 to 0.08 bars.
X-ray wavefront characterization of a Fresnel zone plate using a two-dimensional grating interferometer (2013)

The x-ray wavefront downstream of a Fresnel zone plate (FZP) was characterized using a two-dimensional grating interferometer. Transverse wavefront slope maps, measured using a raster phase-stepping scan, allowed accurate phase reconstruction of the x-ray beam. Wavefront measurements revealed that the wavefront error is very sensitive to the input beam entering the FZP. A small stack of one-dimensional compound refractive lenses was used to introduce astigmatism in the probing x-ray beam to investigate the contribution of the incoming beam in contrast to the optical aberrations. Experimental data were shown to be consistent with theoretical calculations.
Are today's Mixed Reality experience pillars and hardware architectures well aligned with the specific needs of medical imaging and surgical guidance? (Conference Presentation) (2020)

Mixed Reality (MR) headsets have the potential to revolutionize the way we work, learn, communicate, and get entertained. The main pillars for MR development are wearable, visual and social comfort, as well as immersion experience. Do these pillars intersect the specific needs of medical imaging and surgical guidance applications? We will review the various challenges to implement MR hardware specifically adapted to such tasks with today’s start of the art MR headset technology.
Supplementary Figure S3 from Preclinical Activity of SAR408701: A Novel Anti-CEACAM5–maytansinoid Antibody–drug Conjugate for the Treatment of CEACAM5-positive Epithelial Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S3&lt;/p&gt;
Apolipoprotein (a)/Lipoprotein(a)‐Induced Oxidative‐Inflammatory α7‐nAChR/p38 MAPK/IL‐6/RhoA‐GTP Signaling Axis and M1 Macrophage Polarization Modulate Inflammation‐Associated Development of Coronary Artery Spasm (2022)

Elevated Lp(a) levels upregulate <i>α</i>7-nAChR/IL-6/p38 MAPK signaling in macrophages of CAS patients and HCASMC, suggesting that Lp(a)-triggered inflammation mediates CAS through <i>α</i>7-nAChR/p38 MAPK/IL-6/RhoA-GTP signaling induction, macrophage M1 polarization, and HCASMC activation.
301. Film Digitizer using CCD video camera (1991)

CCDカメラでデジタイズしたMRやCTの画像はオリジナルのものより画質は劣化する.しかし, 本システムはPET画像診断を行なうにあたって, MRやX線CTの画像を参考にするためにそれらをCRT上に表示し, PET画像とおなじ扱ができるようにするために作られたものである.したがって, この画像からの診断は目的とはしていない.このシステムの利点は, 市販のものより廉価であることと, データの加工が容易であり, ネットワークに接続することで他のコンピュータ上で処理することができることである.また, 当施設では画像のフォーマットをPETや他のモダリティと共通にしているのでデータベースによる管理と画像処理が可能である.
Supplementary Figures 1-7 from Tumor-Penetrating iRGD Peptide Inhibits Metastasis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figures 1-7. Supplemental Figure 1: Metastatic burden and primary tumor weight after long term in vivo peptide treatment Supplemental Figure 2: In vitro and in vivo targeting of pancreatic tumor cells by iRGD and iNGR Supplemental Figure 3: Inhibition of tumor cell attachment to vitronectin by RGD peptides Supplemental Figure 4: In vitro cell toxicity of CendR peptides Supplemental Figure 5: Chemorepulsion assay design Supplemental Figure 6: Inhibition of NRP-1-dependent GFP-PC-3 cell attachment to fibronectin Supplemental Figure 7: Effects of CendR peptides on tumor cell attachment to collagen type-1 Legends of Supplementary Movies SM1 through SM5&lt;/p&gt;
Differentiable Grammars for Videos (2019)

This paper proposes a novel algorithm which learns a formal regular grammar from real-world continuous data, such as videos. Learning latent terminals, non-terminals, and production rules directly from continuous data allows the construction of a generative model capturing sequential structures with multiple possibilities. Our model is fully differentiable, and provides easily interpretable results which are important in order to understand the learned structures. It outperforms the state-of-the-art on several challenging datasets and is more accurate for forecasting future activities in videos. We plan to open-source the code. https://sites.google.com/view/differentiable-grammars
Adaptive Peak-to-Average Power Reduction Architecture for Multicarrier Signals with Mixed Modulations (2015)

One of the major drawbacks of multicarrier transmission is the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the transmit signal. In this paper, we propose a PAPR reduction technique for mixed-modulation multicarrier transmission into subcarriers. We show that the knowledge of the allocation of modulation schemes among the subcarriers gives an extra degree of freedom compared with traditional approaches, and results in the simultaneous enhancement of the PAPR reduction level and achievement of the required error vector magnitude (EVM) performances. We demonstrate that PAPR in the transmitting signal is significantly reduced when the EVM distortion for each modulation schema is allowed to increase up to its upper specification limit. We also show that the PAPR regrowth is prevented when the spectrum shaping filter's passband is allowed to increase.