gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intravascular acoustic radiation force imaging (2015)

Atherosclerosis is a disease in which plaque builds up in the arterial wall, narrowing and hardening the vessel and restricting the supply of blood and oxygen to the heart muscle. Plaques characterized by a thin fibrous cap and a soft, lipid-rich necrotic core are vulnerable to rupture, which can result in a heart attack or stroke. Our long-term goal is the development of an intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) probe capable of high-resolution acoustic radiation force imaging in the coronary arteries, to identify and characterize vulnerable plaque. We investigate the feasibility of this approach through construction of a prototype transducer and finite-element simulation of soft plaque response to an acoustic radiation force excitation.
THE EFFECT OF pH ON THE PRESSOR RESPONSE AFTER EPINEPHRINE DURING CPR IN HUMANS (1990)

Paradis, Norman A.; Rivers, Emanuel P.; Martin, Gerard B.; Goetting, Mark G.; Appleton, Timothy J.; Calice, Michael; Nowak, Richard M. Author Information
An x-ray spectromicroscopic study of electromigration in patterned Al(Cu) lines (1999)

We studied the surface properties of patterned Al(Cu) lines related to the electromigration phenomena using photoemission spectromicroscopy techniques. We stressed the lines for electromigration in situ in the ultrahigh vacuum microscope chamber and observed the changes on the line surface. Our results show surface precipitation of Cu beneath the Al2O3 layer on the line surface as well as on side walls. Enrichment of grain boundaries in Cu due to electromigration flux was observed in areas downstream of voids with respect to the electron flow.
Structure and Design of Multipotent Peptide Microbicides (1988)

Abstract : The goal of this project is to design novel peptide antibiotics using a naturally occurring family of peptides, known as defensins, as models. Defensins are homologous peptides, 29-34 residues in length, which are major constituents of the cytoplasmic granules of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The structural hallmark of the defensin peptide family is a conserved infrastructure comprised of 1 arginine, 1 glycine, and 6 disulfide-linked cysteine residues. Although the peptides are similar in their overall fold, they possess diverse antimicrobial spectra and potencies. By correlating specific biocidal activities with unique structural features, we seek to design custom peptide antimicrobials based on structure-function principles derived from these studies. Insight into the molecule details of the peptide-target cell interactions may contribute to the general understanding of protein-membrane recognition processes. Keywords: Neutrophils, Synthesis(Chemistry).
Medium access control for underwater acoustic sensor networks with MIMO links (2009)

The requirements of multimedia underwater monitoring applications with heterogeneous traffic demands in terms of bandwidth and end-to-end reliability are considered in this article. To address these requirements, a new medium access control protocol named UMIMO-MAC is proposed. UMIMO-MAC is designed to i) adaptively leverage the tradeoff between multiplexing and diversity gain according to channel conditions and application requirements, ii) select suitable transmit power to reduce energy consumption, and iii) efficiently exploit the UW channel, minimizing the impact of the long propagation delay on the channel utilization efficiency.
Periodontal Response After Tooth Movement Into Intrabony Defects (1984)

The present study was undertaken since conflicting evidence exists regarding the effect of such tooth movement on levels of connective tissue attachment. Localized intrabony pockets were produced around isolated incisors in four rhesus monkeys. The root surfaces were planned to the level of the bone at the base of the angular bony defects. An oral hygiene regime was begun and continued for the remainder of the study. The experimental teeth were moved orthodontically into, and through, the original area of the intrabony defect. Two months after cessation of active tooth movement, block specimens were removed for histologic analysis. Control specimens comprised those teeth with induced periodontal defects, but without tooth movement. In specimens not subjected to tooth movement, angular bony defects were present and epithelium lined the root surface to the apical extent of instrumentation. The alveolar bone adjacent to the orthodontically moved teeth no longer had angular defect morphology. On the pressure side, epithelium lined the root surface, was interposed between root surface and bone and terminated at the apical limit of root instrumentation. On the tension side, the crest of the bone was located apical to the level of root planing, and epithelium lined the instrumented portion of the root surface. It was concluded that orthodontic tooth movement into intrabony periodontal defects was without effect upon the levels of connective tissue attachment.
3D Cage COFs: A Dynamic Three-Dimensional Covalent Organic Framework with High-Connectivity Organic Cage Nodes (2020)

Three-dimensional (3D) covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are rare because there is a limited choice of organic building blocks that offer multiple reactive sites in a polyhedral geometry. Here, we synthesized an organic cage molecule (<b>Cage-6-NH</b><sub><b>2</b></sub>) that was used as a triangular prism node to yield the first cage-based 3D COF, <b>3D-CageCOF-1</b>. This COF adopts an unreported 2-fold interpenetrated <b>acs</b> topology and exhibits reversible dynamic behavior, switching between a small-pore (<b>sp</b>) structure and a large-pore (<b>lp</b>) structure. It also shows high CO<sub>2</sub> uptake and captures water at low humidity (<40%). This demonstrates the potential for expanding the structural complexity of 3D COFs by using organic cages as the building units.
ChemInform Abstract: SPINDICHTE‐VERTEILUNG IN TRIS(ORGANYLTHIO)METHYL‐RADIKALEN (1975)

Abstract Aus den ESR‐Spektren der Titelradikale mit den Organylresten Methyl, Isopropyl, Phenyl, Cyclohexyl und o‐Tolyl werden die Kopplungsparameter von (13)C, (33)S und (1)H bestimmt.
Propylene Polymerization with Cyclopentadienyltitanium(IV) Hydroxylaminato Complexes (2008)

Complexes of the type Cp*TiX2(ONR′R′′) (Cp* = η5-C5Me5; X = Me, Cl; R = R′ = Et, TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl); X = R′ = Me, R′′ = tBu) were synthesized by several routes. Upon activation with [Ph3C]+[B(C6F5)4]− and AliBu3, these complexes generate highly active catalysts for propylene polymerization, although significant catalyst deactivation was observed. Activation with B(C6F5)3/AliBu3 or methylaluminoxane (MAO) resulted in reduced polymerization activity, the latter leading to increased catalyst lifetime. Model studies showed that the interaction of AlMe3 with Cp*Ti(Me)2(ONEt2) led to the formation of Cp*Ti(Me)2(η2-O(AlMe3)NEt2). The X-ray crystal structure confirmed that the hydroxylaminato ligand remained η2 bound to the titanium center with the AlMe3 bound to the complex through the oxygen atom of the hydroxylaminato ligand. Exchange reactions with organic ethers revealed the metalloether to be a comparable donor to PhOMe. Cp*Ti(Me)2(ONtBu(Me)) was revealed to be a weaker donor than Cp*Ti(Me)2(ONEt2); Cp*Ti(Me)2(TEMPO) did not bind to AlMe3. AliBu3 bound more weakly to Cp*Ti(Me)2(ONEt2) than AlMe3. Reaction of Cp*Ti(Me)2(ONEt2) and Cp*Ti(Me)2(ONtBu(Me)) with B(C6F5)3 resulted in clean formation of the zwitterionic contact ion pairs [Cp*Ti(Me)(η2-ONEt2)]+[MeB(C6F5)3]− and [Cp*Ti(Me)(η2-ONtBu(Me))]+[MeB(C6F5)3]−, respectively, whereas reaction of Cp*Ti(Me)2(η2-ONtBu(Me)) with [Ph3C]+[B(C6F5)4]− resulted in the clean formation of the solvent-separated ion pair [Cp*Ti(Me)(η2-ONtBu(Me))]+[B(C6F5)4]−. Reaction of Cp*Ti(Me)2(η1-TEMPO) with B(C6F5)3 results in the elimination of methane to result in the formation of the contact ion paired [Cp*Ti(η2-TEMPO)]+[MeB(C6F5)3]−, in which one of the TEMPO methyl groups has undergone C−H activation, resulting in a η2-bound TEMPO ligand, confirmed by 1H, gROESY, and 1H−15N HMBC NMR. Addition of AliBu3 or AlMe3 to the cationic [Cp*Ti(Me)(ONtBu(Me))]+[B(C6F5)4]− resulted in decomposition of the cations.
Biosorption Of Chromium From Tannery Effluent Using Biomass Of Sargassum Wightii (Greville) (2012)

The release of chromium into water bodies is one of the major concerns of tannery industries. The present work deals with the determination of Chromium removal capacity of powdered biomass of Sargassum wightii (Greville) in synthetically prepared as well as real tannery effluent. The maximum adsorption was obtained after 12 hours of exposure at pH!4, in 8g/L biomass concentration of the seaweed biomass. The percentage of chromium removal increased with an increase in biomass concentration and contact time. At the same time, it was inversely proportional to initial metal concentration. Metal uptake capacity was found to increase on increasing initial metal concentration and it gets decreased with increase in biomass concentration. The maximum removal of 85.3±0.05% was observed in 50 mg/L of initial chromium concentration, using Sargassum wightii pretreated with 0.4 N sulphuric acid. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were used to derive equilibrium data.
Developmentally inspired human ‘organs on chips’ (2018)

Although initially developed to replace animal testing in drug development, human 'organ on a chip' (organ chip) microfluidic culture technology offers a new tool for studying tissue development and pathophysiology, which has brought us one step closer to carrying out human experimentation <i>in vitro</i> In this Spotlight article, I discuss the central role that developmental biology played in the early stages of organ-chip technology, and how these models have led to new insights into human physiology and disease mechanisms. Advantages and disadvantages of the organ-chip approach relative to organoids and other human cell cultures are also discussed.
Tailoring the Neutron Spectrum from a 14-MeV Neutron Generator to Approximate a Spontaneous-Fission Spectrum (2011)

Many applications of neutrons for non-invasive measurements began with isotopic sources such as AmBe or Cf-252. Political factors have rendered AmBe undesirable in the United States and other countries, and the supply of Cf-252 is limited and significantly increasing in price every few years. Compact and low-power deuterium-tritium (DT) electronic neutron generators can often provide sufficient flux, but the 14-MeV neutron spectrum is much more energetic (harder) than an isotopic neutron source. A series of MCNP simulations were run to examine the extent to which the 14-MeV DT neutron spectrum could be softened through the use of high-Z and low-Z materials. Some potential concepts of operation require a portable neutron generator system, so the additional weight of extra materials is also a trade-off parameter. Using a reference distance of 30 cm from the source, the average neutron energy can be lowered to be less than that of either AmBe or Cf-252, while obtaining an increase in flux at the reference distance compared to a bare neutron generator. This paper discusses the types and amounts of materials used, the resulting neutron spectra, neutron flux levels, and associated photon production.
TRANSITIONAL CELL CARCINOMA OF THE BLADDER FOLLOWING AUGMENTATION CYSTOPLASTY FOR THE NEUROPATHIC BLADDER (2004)

This study supports the hypothesis that bladder augmentation appears to be an independent risk factor for TCC, with a lag time of less than 20 years. We recommend endoscopic surveillance of all patients with a history of bladder augmentation beginning 10 years after initial surgery.
Supplementary Table 2 from Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia– Initiating Cells Require Polycomb Group Protein EZH2 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Gene lists.&lt;/p&gt;
Asymmetric Redox-Neutral Radical Cyclization Catalyzed by Flavin-Dependent ‘Ene’-Reductases (2019)

&lt;p&gt;Flavin-dependent ‘ene’-reductases (EREDs) are exquisite catalysts for effecting stereoselective reductions. While these reactions typically proceed through a hydride transfer mechanism, we recently found that EREDs can also catalyze reductive dehalogenations and cyclizations via single electron transfer mechanisms. Here we demonstrate that these enzymes can catalyze redox-neutral radical cyclizations to produce enantioenriched oxindoles from a-haloamides. This transformation is a C–C bond forming reaction currently unknown in nature and one for which there are no catalytic asymmetric examples. Mechanistic studies indicate the reaction proceeds via the flavin semiquinone/quinone redox couple, where ground state flavin semiquinone provides the electron for substrate reduction and flavin quinone oxidizes the vinylogous a-amido radical formed after cyclization. This mechanistic manifold was previously unknown for this enzyme family, highlighting the versatility of EREDs in asymmetric synthesis.&lt;/p&gt;
Nuclear Waste Disposal and Strategies for Predicting Long-Term Performance of Material (2001)

Ceramics have been an important part of the nuclear community for many years. On December 2, 1942, an historic event occurred under the West Stands of Stagg Field, at the University of Chicago. Man initiated his first self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction and controlled it. The impact of this event on civilization is considered by many as monumental and compared by some to other significant events in history, such as the invention of the steam engine and the manufacturing of the first automobile. Making this event possible and the successful operation of this first man-made nuclear reactor, was the use of forty tons of UO2. The use of natural or enriched UO2 is still used today as a nuclear fuel in many nuclear power plants operating world-wide. Other ceramic materials, such as 238Pu, are used for other important purposes, such as ceramic fuels for space exploration to provide electrical power to operate instruments on board spacecrafts. Radioisotopic Thermoelectric Generators (RTGs) are used to supply electrical power and consist of a nuclear heat source and converter to transform heat energy from radioactive decay into electrical power, thus providing reliable and relatively uniform power over the very long lifetime of a mission. These sources have been used in the Galileo spacecraft orbiting Jupiter and for scientific investigations of Saturn with the Cassini spacecraft. Still another very important series of applications using the unique properties of ceramics in the nuclear field, are as immobilization matrices for management of some of the most hazardous wastes known to man. For example, in long-term management of radioactive and hazardous wastes, glass matrices are currently in production immobilizing high-level radioactive materials, and cementious forms have also been produced to incorporate low level wastes. Also, as part of nuclear disarmament activities, assemblages of crystalline phases are being developed for immobilizing weapons grade plutonium, to not only produce environmentally friendly products, but also forms that are proliferation resistant. All of these waste forms as well as others, are designed to take advantage of the unique properties of the ceramic systems.
Coupling of Cell Energetics with Membrane Metabolic Sensing (2002)

Transduction of metabolic signals is essential in preserving cellular homeostasis. Yet, principles governing integration and synchronization of membrane metabolic sensors with cell metabolism remain elusive. Here, analysis of cellular nucleotide fluxes and nucleotide-dependent gating of the ATP-sensitive K+ (K(ATP)) channel, a prototypic metabolic sensor, revealed a diffusional barrier within the submembrane space, preventing direct reception of cytosolic signals. Creatine kinase phosphotransfer, captured by 18O-assisted 31P NMR, coordinated tightly with ATP turnover, reflecting the cellular energetic status. The dynamics of high energy phosphoryl transfer through the creatine kinase relay permitted a high fidelity transmission of energetic signals into the submembrane compartment synchronizing K(ATP) channel activity with cell metabolism. Knock-out of the creatine kinase M-CK gene disrupted signal delivery to K(ATP) channels and generated a cellular phenotype with increased electrical vulnerability. Thus, in the compartmentalized cell environment, phosphotransfer systems shunt diffusional barriers and secure regimented signal transduction integrating metabolic sensors with the cellular energetic network.
Towards quantum communication and entanglement distribution using solid-state defects integrated into a diamond nanophotonic system (2022)

The 53rd Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics will take place from May 30 – June 3, 2022 in Orlando, Fl, USA. <a href="https://morressier.zoom.us/j/89880865272?pwd=SWxTRGhra1ZOSDBrSkhVZDBzVDR6UT09/">Virtual Presenter Help Desk</a>
Effect of phase structure on the adhesion properties of the dimethoxysilyl-terminated polypropylene oxide/epoxy resin system (1999)

Abstract In order to investigate the effect of phase structure on the adhesion properties of the dimethoxysilyl-terminated polypropylene oxide (DMSi-PPO)/diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) system, various cured resins with different phase structures obtained by varying the formulations and curing temperatures were prepared. DGEBA that formed micro-order spherical domains reinforced the DMSi-PPO matrix in the cured system. Under ambient cure conditions, the adhesion properties of the cured system decreased with the addition of more than 50 phr DGEBA, because of the large domain size distribution and coagulation in the phase structure. However, it showed good adhesion properties when cured at 80°C. SEM observations showed that the phase structure became a unimodal micro-order domain size with increasing curing temperature. The reason for the dependence of the phase structure on the curing temperature is considered to be the different degree of solubility of DGEBA in DMSi-PPO. The fine phase structure in the 80°C-cured system resulted in a higher bulk cohesive energy and higher deformability, not only because of the increase in the surface area of the DGEBA domain but also due to the fine particle size distribution. The different bulk behaviors of the cured systems were reflected in the lap shear strength and T-peel strength. Keywords: Polymer blendepoxy resinphase structureadhesion
Assessing the Effect of Micronized Starch on Rheological and Filtration Properties of Water-Based Drilling Fluid (2019)

Abstract Drilling Fluids rheological properties play a vital role in controlling the success of the drilling operation. Rheological parameters such as effective (or apparent) viscosity, yield point (YP), gel strength, and plastic viscosity (PV) are very important for rig hydraulic calculations and hole cleaning efficiency. The water-based drilling fluid (WBDF) consists of a mixture of different solids and polymers which are used to optimize the rheological properties. Starch is a resistance-solid additive which is used mainly to control the filtration properties and at the same time to increase the viscosity of the drilling fluid. The main goal of this research is to evaluate the effect of using micronized starch (1 μm) on the rheological and filtration properties of water-based drilling fluid. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) was used to evaluate the starch at different particle size. Rheological properties for the drilling fluid with different starch sizes were measured at ambient condition using Fan VG rheometer while the high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) filter press was used to conduct the filtration experiment at 200°F. It was noted that micronized starch (1 μm) had a vital effect on the rheological and filtration properties of WBDF. The PV of the WBDF with micronized starch was increased by 158% while the YP was increased by 125% as compared with the starch of conventional size (60 μm). The apparent viscosity (AV) was increased by 137% after reducing the starch sized to 1 μm. Adding the micronized starch for the WBDF resulted in flat rheology behavior where there is no increase in the gel strength between 10 seconds and 10 minutes. The filter cake thickness was reduced by 63% while the cumulative filtrate volume was decreased by 52% when 1 μm starch is used. This study introduced a new drilling fluid formulation that contains a micronized starch as an additive, which will help the drilling engineers to avoid many drilling issues especially the formation damage by forming an ideal filter cake.
Improved killing of HIV-infected cells using three neutralizing and non-neutralizing antibodies (2020)

The correlation of HIV-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) responses with protection from and delayed progression of HIV-1 infection provides a rationale to leverage ADCC-mediating antibodies for treatment purposes. We evaluated ADCC mediated by different combinations of 2 to 6 neutralizing and non-neutralizing anti-HIV-1 Envelope (Env) mAbs, using concentrations ≤ 1 μg/mL, to identify combinations effective at targeting latent reservoir HIV-1 viruses from 10 individuals. We found that within 2 hours, combinations of 3 mAbs mediated more than 30% killing of HIV-infected primary CD4+ T cells in the presence of autologous NK cells, with the combination of A32 (C1C2), DH511.2K3 (MPER), and PGT121 (V3) mAbs being the most effective. Increasing the incubation of target and effector cells in the presence of mAb combinations from 2 to 24 hours resulted in increased specific killing of infected cells, even with neutralization-resistant viruses. The same combination eliminated reactivated latently HIV-1-infected cells in an ex vivo quantitative viral outgrowth assay. Therefore, administration of a combination of 3 mAbs should be considered in planning in vivo studies seeking to eliminate persistently HIV-1-infected cells.
Abstract 16562: Cardiac Device Implantation Post TAVR: Mortality and Rates of Pacemaker Dependency (2015)

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is often complicated by AV block requiring pacing, but whether patients recover AV conduction and whether the need for pacing affects outcomes is unknown. Methods: We retrospectively studied 534 patients who underwent TAVR at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota between November 2008 and January 2015. Of these, 115 patients had implantable cardiac devices. Data was collected from subsequent device follow-ups to determine pacemaker dependency and percentage pacing. Results: 44 patients (8.2%) had devices implanted in the immediate post procedural period. The most common indications for implantation were high grade AV block (18 patients) and complete heart block (14 patients). 17/44 (38.6%) patients were pacemaker-dependent at implant and only 4 of these patients were no longer pacemaker-dependent during subsequent followup. The indication for pacing among these four patients was high grade atrio-ventricular block (2 patients), asystole (1 patient) and complete heart block (1). Among non-pacemaker-dependent patients, no significant change in the ventricular pacing percentages was noted over time. Survival was similar between patients who required device implantation post TAVR and those who did not after adjustment for age and gender (HR 0.73 [0.39-1.36], p=ns; figure) Conclusion: Patients requiring pacing after TAVR are often pacemaker-dependent at the time of implant. It is uncommon for patients who are dependent at the time of implant to regain AV conduction, but the need for cardiac pacing is not associated with increased mortality.