gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metal Amorphous Nanocomposite Soft Magnetic Material-Enabled High Power Density, Rare Earth Free Rotational Machines (2018)

Metal amorphous nanocomposites (MANCs) are promising soft magnetic materials (SMMs) for power electronic applications offering low power loss at high frequency and maintaining a relatively high flux density. While applications in certain motor designs have been recently modeled, their widespread application awaits scaled manufacturing of MANC materials and proliferation of new higher speed motor designs. A hybrid motor design based on permanent magnets and doubly salient stator and rotor is reported here to develop a compact (a factor of 10 smaller than currently possible in Si steels), high-speed (>1 kHz, electrical), high-power (>2.5 kW) motor by incorporating low loss (<;10 W/kg at 1 kHz) MANCs such as recently reported Fe-Ni-based alloys. A feature of this motor design is flux focusing from the permanent magnet allowing use of lower energy permanent magnet chosen from among non-rare earth containing compositions and attractive due to constraints posed by rare earth criticality. A 2-D finite element analysis model reported here indicates that a 2.5 kW hybrid motor may be built with a permanent magnet with a 0.4 T remanence at a rotor speed of 6000 rpm. At a magnetic switching frequency of 1.4 kHz, the core loss may be limited to <;3 W by selecting an appropriate MANC SMM. The projected efficiency exceeds 96% not including power loss in the controller. Under full load conditions, the flux density distributions for the SMM stay predominantly <;1.3 T, the saturation magnetization of optimized FeNi-based MANC alloys. The maximum demagnetizing field in the permanent magnet is less than 2.2 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> A/m sustainable, for example, with a high-grade hard ferrite magnet.
Nucleotide sequence of a plasmid-encoded hemolysin determinant and its comparison with a corresponding chromosomal hemolysin sequence (1986)

The complete sequence of the plasmid pHly152-encoded hemolysin (hly) determinant of Escherichia coli is presented and compared with a recently sequenced chromosomal hly determinant [1]. High sequence homology between the two hly determinants is observed withìn all four structural genes, hlyC, A, B and D, but little sequence similarities are found in the 3′- and 5′-noncoding flanking regions. In addition, the noncoding region upstream of hlyC which carries the promoter for hlyC, A and B, was sequenced for several chromosomal hly determinants. The comparison of these sequences indicates three distinct classes of promoter regions which share common putative −10 and −35 boxes at roughly the same location relative to the start of hlyC.
Combustion driven oscillations - Numerical prediction of dynamic behavior of gas turbine flames (1999)

Strong acoustical pulsations in gas turbines caused by interaction of the combustion supply system, cavity acoustics and dynamic flame behavior could result in engine failure or increased wear and tear. Knowledge of the thermoacoustic characteristics of new combustion systems during the design phase helps to avoid or minimize the occurence of these oscillations. Consequently, prediction of the behavior of these complex acoustical systems is necessary. One key issue in the feedback loop describing these systems is the dynamic behavior of the flame due to acoustic excitation. Here, a method to determine dynamic characteristics of a flame will be described and applied to a real gas turbine flame. Special focus will be placed on the three-dimensional behavior of this turbulent swirled flame. Therefore, a steady-state simulation of the turbulent flow-field and the combustion process will be performed. A subsequent transient simulation with a sudden change in inlet mass flow at the beginning will lead to a transient response of the flame. From this, the important characteristic times in the interesting directions, axial and circumferential direction of the gas turbine combustion chamber. are deduced.
CGS 38th Annual Scientific Meeting Advances in Care: From the Individual to the Technology (2018)

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Carney Triad, Carney-Stratakis Syndrome, 3PAS and Other Tumors Due to SDH Deficiency (2021)

Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) is a key respiratory enzyme that links Krebs cycle and electron transport chain and is comprised of four subunits SDHA, SDHB, SDHC and SDHD. All <i>SDH</i>-deficient tumors are caused by or secondary to loss of SDH activity. As many as half of the familial cases of paragangliomas (PGLs) and pheochromocytomas (PHEOs) are due to mutations of the <i>SDHx</i> subunits. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) associated with <i>SDH</i> deficiency are negative for <i>KIT/PDGFRA</i> mutations and present with distinctive clinical features such as early onset (usually childhood or adolescence) and almost exclusively gastric location. <i>SDH</i>-deficient GISTs may be part of distinct clinical syndromes, Carney-Stratakis syndrome (CSS) or dyad and Carney triad (CT). CSS is also known as the dyad of GIST and PGL; it affects both genders equally and is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner with incomplete penetrance. CT is a very rare disease; PGL, GIST and pulmonary chondromas constitute CT which shows female predilection and may be a mosaic disorder. Even though there is some overlap between CT and CSS, as both are due to <i>SDH</i> deficiency, CSS is caused by inactivating germline mutations in genes encoding for the SDH subunits, while CT is mostly caused by a specific pattern of methylation of the <i>SDHC</i> gene and may be due to germline mosaicism of the responsible genetic defect.
Chitosan Enriched Three-Dimensional Matrix Reduces Inflammatory and Catabolic Mediators Production by Human Chondrocytes (2015)

This in vitro study investigated the metabolism of human osteoarthritic (OA) chondrocytes encapsulated in a spherical matrix enriched of chitosan. Human OA chondrocytes were encapsulated and cultured for 28 days either in chitosan-alginate beads or in alginate beads. The beads were formed by slowly passing dropwise either the chitosan 0.6%-alginate 1.2% or the alginate 1.2% solution through a syringe into a 102 mM CaCl2 solution. Beads were analyzed histologically after 28 days. Interleukin (IL)-6 and -8, prostaglandin (PG) E2, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), hyaluronan and aggrecan were quantified directly in the culture supernatant by specific ELISA and nitric oxide (NO) by using a colorimetric method based on the Griess reaction. Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed that chitosan was homogeneously distributed through the matrix and was in direct contact with chondrocytes. The production of IL-6, IL-8 and MMP-3 by chondrocytes significantly decreased in chitosan-alginate beads compared to alginate beads. PGE2 and NO decreased also significantly but only during the first three days of culture. Hyaluronan and aggrecan production tended to increase in chitosan-alginate beads after 28 days of culture. Chitosan-alginate beads reduced the production of inflammatory and catabolic mediators by OA chondrocytes and tended to stimulate the synthesis of cartilage matrix components. These particular effects indicate that chitosan-alginate beads are an interesting scaffold for chondrocytes encapsulation before transplantation to repair cartilage defects.
Electro-Optic Polymer Modulators (2012)

Electro-optic polymer modulators are an exciting technology that offer many benefits compared to alternative modulator technologies. In this paper we discuss recent advances in polymer modulator technology and their implication to current and future optical networks. Current research efforts into high bandwidth modulators, &gt;100GHz, are also summarized.
Initial ranging scheme based on interpolated Zadoff-Chu sequences for OFDMA-PON (2014)

Initial access to passive optical networks (PONs) requires upstream (US) synchronization of multiple optical network units (ONUs). We propose a low-complexity scheme for orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) based PONs and demonstrate it experimentally. The scheme is based on interpolated Zadoff-Chu sequences, to synchronize the signal of each ONU arriving at the optical line terminal (OLT). Our experimental test bed consists of 4 colorless ONUs seeded by a single laser located at the OLT. Thermal expansion of a fiber is utilized to emulate a dynamic time drift in the demodulation-window positioning of OLT. The detected individual offsets at the OLT are fed back to the ONUs and are compensated at every data frame transmission. In this way, both inter carrier interference (ICI) and inter symbol interference (ISI) remain below acceptable levels.
Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase and insulin-dependent diabetes in patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I. (1996)

To evaluate the association of autoimmunity to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and IDDM-associated human leukocyte antigen (HLA) types, we studied a unique group of 47 patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1, a recessive disease not associated with HLA. GAD65 antibodies (GAD65-Ab), GAD67-Ab, islet cell antibodies, and HLA-DQA1, -DQB1, and -DRB1 were analyzed in relation to IDDM or a decreased insulin secretory capacity. GAD65-Ab were found in six of the eight diabetic patients 0.9-8.0 yr before the onset of IDDM and in 16 (41%) nondiabetic patients during a follow-up of 2.4-19.5 yr. Eleven (28%) nondiabetic patients had GAD67-Ab and islet cell antibodies. Fasting C peptide (mean +/- SD, 0.5 +/- 0.24 vs. 1.03 +/- 0.49 nmol/L; P = 0.003) and first phase insulin response (75.6 +/- 37.9 vs. 166.4 +/- 112.7 mU/L; P = 0.019) were lower in patients with than in those without GAD65-Ab. No HLA genotype predominated in the IDDM patients or GAD65-Ab-positive nondiabetic patients, but the IDDM high risk genotypes were decreased in frequency among the patients with GAD65-Ab. In conclusion, nondiabetic autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 patients frequently have GAD65-Ab together with a decreased insulin secretory capacity, suggesting subclinical islet cell inflammation not invariably progressing to diabetes. This is not associated with HLA haplotypes conferring susceptibility to or protection from IDDM.
Elevated A20 promotes TNF-induced and RIPK1-dependent intestinal epithelial cell death (2018)

Intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) death is a common feature of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that triggers inflammation by compromising barrier integrity. In many patients with IBD, epithelial damage and inflammation are TNF-dependent. Elevated TNF production in IBD is accompanied by increased expression of the <i>TNFAIP3</i> gene, which encodes A20, a negative feedback regulator of NF-κB. A20 in intestinal epithelium from patients with IBD coincided with the presence of cleaved caspase-3, and A20 transgenic (Tg) mice, in which A20 is expressed from an IEC-specific promoter, were highly susceptible to TNF-induced IEC death, intestinal damage, and shock. A20-expressing intestinal organoids were also susceptible to TNF-induced death, demonstrating that enhanced TNF-induced apoptosis was a cell-autonomous property of A20. This effect was dependent on Receptor Interacting Protein Kinase 1 (RIPK1) activity, and A20 was found to associate with the Ripoptosome complex, potentiating its ability to activate caspase-8. A20-potentiated RIPK1-dependent apoptosis did not require the A20 deubiquitinase (DUB) domain and zinc finger 4 (ZnF4), which mediate NF-κB inhibition in fibroblasts, but was strictly dependent on ZnF7 and A20 dimerization. We suggest that A20 dimers bind linear ubiquitin to stabilize the Ripoptosome and potentiate its apoptosis-inducing activity.
Autoregressive Modelling of Hilbert Envelopes for Wide-band Audio Coding (2008)

Frequency Domain Linear Prediction (FDLP) represents the technique for approximating temporal envelopes of a signal using autoregressive models. In this paper, we propose a wide-band audio coding system exploiting FDLP. Specifically, FDLP is applied on critically sampled sub-bands to model the Hilbert envelopes. The residual of the linear prediction forms the Hilbert carrier, which is transmitted along with the envelope parameters. This process is reversed at the decoder to reconstruct the signal. In the objective and subjective quality evaluations, the FDLP based audio codec at $66$ kbps provides competitive results compared to the state-of-art codecs at similar bit-rates.
A molecular defect in virally transformed muscle cells that cannot cluster acetylcholine receptors. (1988)

Muscle cells infected at the permissive temperature with temperature-sensitive mutants of Rous sarcoma virus and shifted to the non-permissive temperature form myotubes that are unable to cluster acetylcholine receptors (Anthony, D. T., S. M. Schuetze, and L. L. Rubin. 1984. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 81:2265-2269). Work described in this paper demonstrates that the virally-infected cells are missing a 37-kD peptide which reacts with an anti-tropomyosin antiserum. Using a monoclonal antibody specific for the missing peptide, we show that this tropomyosin is absent from fibroblasts and is distinct from smooth muscle tropomyosins. It is also different from the two previously identified striated muscle myofibrillar tropomyosins (alpha and beta). We suggest that, in normal muscle, this novel, non-myofibrillar, tropomyosin-like molecule is an important component of a cytoskeletal network necessary for cluster formation.
Electron impact mass spectra of enamine esters, ketones and nitriles (1992)

Abstract The behaviour of some enamine‐esters, ‐ketones and ‐nitriles under electron impact has been investigated by means of low‐resolution mass Spectrometry.
Compressive Testing of Ductile High-Strength Alloys (2015)

Abstract Compression testing of metal alloys is a basic procedure in material characterization and analysis. Though it follows many of the guidelines and physical considerations as tensile testing, in some respects compression testing implies more complexity, more difficulties, and, consequently, more possible causes for inaccuracy compared to tensile testing. Hence, compressive testing is applied much less than the standard tensile tests, unless the load case is requiring specific test data from compression, e.g., when brittle or cast alloys are applied. Ductile metals compressed to high strains require further consideration when the yield strength in compression, the compressive strength, or even the full flow curve for plasticity must be identified. A sophisticated test procedure for compression testing of ductile metals in the plasticity range has been developed and is presented. It allows the determination of elastic modulus, yield strength, and flow curve up to high strains. The procedure was evaluated with comparative tensile tests on identical specimens and with a round-robin test with a testing-machine manufacturer. Further considerations for compression testing and for the strain measurement are presented.
Abstract 4714: Targeting p53 mutant cancers through inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate 4-kinases (2015)

Abstract The bulk of cellular phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PI-4,5-P2) is generated by the canonical pathway in which a 5-kinase converts phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI-4-P) to PI-4,5-P2. However, several years ago we discovered that PI-4, 5-P2 can also be generated at intracellular sites by a family of kinases that phosphorylate the 4 position of phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate (PI-5-P), a lipid that was not previously known to exist in nature. These enzymes are called the type 2 phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate 4-kinases (PI5P4Ks). To date, we have shown that a subset of breast cancers express high levels of PI5P4Kα and/or β, and have provided evidence that these kinases are essential for growth in the absence of p53 (Emerling et al., 2013). Furthermore, we showed that PI5P4Kα and β play critical roles in mediating changes in metabolism in response to cellular stress, in particular, stress that occurs in the absence of p53. Here, we disclose the discovery of potent and selective inhibitors of PI5P4K (Kis in the range of 10 to 200 nM). These novel PI5P4K inhibitors have provided us with powerful tools to further investigate the role of the PI5P4K enzymes in cancer metabolism. Through pharmacological inhibition of PI5P4K, we now have support that PI5P4K provides an alternative pathway to p53 in regard to mediating responses to metabolic and oxidative stress, thereby suggesting that the PI5P4K enzymes are essential for survival mechanisms when p53 function is lost. Above all, these inhibitors may be effective therapies not only for breast cancers with genetic aberrations in TP53, but in all cancer types with loss of p53 function. Supported by DOD Breast Research Program Breakthrough Award to B.M.E. References Emerling BM, Hurov JB, Poulogiannis G, Tsukazawa KS, Wulf G, Bell EL, Shim H, Choo-Wing R, Bellinger G, Lamia KA, Rameh LE, Sasaki A, Asara JM, Yuan X, Bullock A, Brown V, Signoretti S, and Cantley LC. (2013) Depletion of a Putatively Druggable Class of Phosphatidylinositol Kinases Inhibits Growth of p53 Null Tumors. Cell. Nov 7; 155 (4): 844-57. Citation Format: Brooke M. Emerling, Zhiwei Yang, Ryan Loughran, T.Jonathan Yang, Jared Johnson, Rajan Pragani, Mindy Davis, Min Shen, Matthew Boxer, Anton Simeonov, Lewis C. Cantley. Targeting p53 mutant cancers through inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate 4-kinases. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 4714. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-4714
Salty solutions (2015)

As Earth’s population grows and fresh water becomes an ever more precious resource, scientists and engineers are working to increase the efficiency and decrease the cost of desalination.
MODL-37. DISCERNIBLE INTERINDIVIDUAL PATTERNS OF GLOBAL EFFICIENCY DECLINE DURING THEORETICAL BRAIN SURGERY (2022)

Abstract Resection of infiltrating brain tumors, such as diffuse gliomas, generally involves resecting a portion of a lobe of the brain. While the concept of localized functions, and the risk to removing these areas, is well established in neurosurgical thinking, the potential that the overall global efficiency of the connectome could be disproportionately disturbed by an intervention in ways which are not immediately obvious have not been formally studied. The current article provides evidence that structural patterns exist in the impact resection of various lobes of the brain has, which also differs between subjects. We utilized diffusion tractography to create structural connectivity graphs from the brains of 80 healthy adults, and then performed every plausible brain surgery in every gross anatomic region of the cerebrum by deleting every possible combination of nodes in the graph which were adjacent to each other, and measured the drop in global efficiency (GE) at each nodal deletion. Not surprisingly, the deletion of some nodes was worse than others, such that in every lobe we studied in every subject, there were combinations of deletions which were worse for GE than removing a greater number of nodes in a different part of the brain. Interestingly, while the worst nodes differed between subjects, there were specific nodes which typically showed up as particularly detrimental regardless of which node was the worst in that person, but that there were patterns of so-called ―connectotype, which could determine which nodes were the worst. Progressive removal of a lobe of the brain leads to patterns of global efficiency decline which are reasonably predictable, but which are not the same between subjects. Given evidence that global efficiency relates to specific neuro-cognitive abilities, this provides a path towards reducing the cognitive footprint of brain surgery.
Speckle Phase Vortices (2022)

In this chapter we explore some interesting properties of speckle behavior in the vicinity of the locations where speckle intensity vanishes (i.e., near the zeros of speckle intensity). To do so, we first generate a speckle pattern from a simple simulated uniform diffuse object. We then find the real and imaginary parts of the speckle field and find where each of them simultaneously is zero. At such points the intensity is also zero. We then explore the structure of the speckle phase in regions close to and surrounding these zeros of intensity.
A New Particle Image Velocimetry Technique for Turbomachinery Applications (2016)

Nonintrusive measurement techniques such as particle image velocimetry (PIV) are growing in both capability and utility for turbomachinery applications. However, the restrictive optical access afforded by multistage research compressors typically requires the use of a periscope probe to introduce the laser sheet for measurements in a rotor passage. This paper demonstrates the capability to perform three-dimensional PIV in a multistage compressor without the need for intrusive optical probes and requiring only line-of-sight optical access. The results collected from the embedded second stage of a three-stage axial compressor highlight the rotor tip leakage flow, and PIV measurements are qualitatively compared with high-frequency response piezoresistive pressure measurements to assess the tip leakage flow identification.
ACL Reconstruction Using Autologous Tendon Graft Wrapped with Cell Sheet of ACL-derived CD34+ cells (2011)

+Yutaka Mifune; Tomoyuki Matsumoto; Satoshi Terada; Yuichi Hoshino; Arvydas Usas; Burhan Gharaibeh; Ryosuke Kuroda; Masahiro Kurosaka; Freddie H. Fu; Johnny Huard +Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Orthopaedic Surgery jhuard@pitt.edu Introduction We have recently reported that the ruptured and septum regions of the human ACL contain numerous vascular-derived stem cells and that these ACL-derived stem cells have potential for high expansion and multilineage differentiation (1). Moreover, we also revealed that these cells contribute to the tendon-bone healing in a rat model of ACL reconstruction via enhancement of angiogenesis and osteogenesis (2). In this previous study, the cells were injected into knee joint capsules, which may not be the best technique to employ in a clinical situation due to the the low efficiency of cell transplantation and risk of side effects. In the present study, we developed the cell sheet wrapped graft and performed experiments to prove the hypothesis that ACL-derived CD34+ cell sheet transplantation as a wrapped graft is more efficient than other techniques for prompt recovery after ACL reconstruction, not only in bone-tendon healing but also in graft maturation. Materials and Methods Cell sheet preparation using ACL-derived cells ACL-derived cells were obtained from human ACL rupture sites with collagenase digestion. CD34+ cells were isolated by fluorescenceactivated cell sorting. Subjects signed an informed consent prior to surgery, and this protocol was approved by our University’s Institutional Review Board. Cell sheets were constructedusing temperatureresponsive culture plates with ACL-derived CD34+ cells (3).