gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Methodology for the Development of Enterprise at the Base of the Economic Pyramid (2020)

Abstract A Systematic Methodology for the Development of Enterprise at the Base of the Economic PyramidThe problems associated with extreme poverty have proven to be among the most intractable inthe world, and, while engineers are critically important to the process, meaningful progressrequires that interdisciplinary, international, intercultural, inter-socioeconomic teams work asone toward a commonly understood goal. When assembling such a diverse team, it is necessaryto establish a fundamental and easily communicated strategy so that all team membersunderstand the importance of their roles within the overall team effort, as well as appreciating thechallenges and constraints of other team members. This strategy may be thought of as theintersection of the diverse bodies of knowledge of all team members that defines the “commonknowledge” required to function as a unified and focused team. Using this strategy, a systematicmethodology was developed at Arizona State University through an evolution and maturation ofGlobalResolve initiative which is based on the nexus between engineering for the developingworld and social entrepreneurship. The development of the methodology was approached byconsidering enterprise development at the Base of the Pyramid (BoP) as a complex systemsengineering problem. In this context, the word “system” means an integrated set of interactingpeople, policies, procedures, and components that react to an input and produce a predictableoutput. The inputs to this system are the skills and talents of people living at the BoP, and theoutput is a successful enterprise that generates economic activity, provides employment, andimproves people’s lives. By implementing the vision of GlobalResolve to engage students andfaculty in enterprise-based solutions to extreme poverty, multilevel beneficial effects, such astraining students to provide sustainable and appropriate engineering solutions while establishingprofitable businesses at the BoP, can be achieved when the methodology is used to guide thedevelopment of curricula in social entrepreneurship both directly within engineering programsand within the wider academic infrastructure.
Overexpression of redox factor‐1 negatively regulates NO synthesis and apoptosis in LPS‐stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages (2003)

Redox factor-1 (Ref-1) is a ubiquitously expressed protein with proven roles as a modulator of redox-sensitive transcription, and as an endonuclease in the base excision repair pathway of oxidatively damaged DNA. Although Ref-1 is induced by a variety of oxidative stress and protects cells against oxidative stress, the function of Ref-1 in regulating nitric oxide (NO) synthesis has not been elucidated to date. We investigated the role of Ref-1 in regulating NO synthesis and NO-mediated apoptosis employing adenoviral-mediated overexpression of Ref-1 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. LPS treatment produced NO synthesis and NO-mediated apoptosis. Forced overexpression of Ref-1 suppressed LPS-stimulated NO synthesis. In parallel with this, Ref-1 also mitigated alteration of inducible NO synthase expression and NO-mediated apoptosis. Our findings suggest that Ref-1 is implicated in protection against cell death resulting from oxidative stimuli containing NO.
Measurement of the flux-averaged inclusive charged-current electron neutrino and antineutrino cross section on argon using the NuMI beam and the MicroBooNE detector (2021)

We present a measurement of the combined ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{e}+{\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{e}$ flux-averaged charged-current inclusive cross section on argon using data from the MicroBooNE liquid argon time projection chamber (lartpc) at Fermilab. Using the off-axis flux from the NuMI beam, MicroBooNE has reconstructed 214 candidate ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{e}+{\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{e}$ interactions with an estimated exposure of $2.4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{20}$ protons on target. Given the estimated purity of 38.6%, this implies the observation of 80 ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{e}+{\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{e}$ events in argon, the largest such sample to date. The analysis includes the first demonstration of a fully automated application of a dE/dx-based particle discrimination technique of electron- and photon-induced showers in a lartpc neutrino detector. The main background for this first ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{e}$ analysis is cosmic ray contamination. Significantly higher purity is expected in underground detectors, as well as with next-generation reconstruction algorithms. We measure the ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{e}+{\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{e}$ flux-averaged charged-current total cross section to be $6.84\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.51(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.33(\mathrm{sys})\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}39}\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}/\text{nucleon}$, for neutrino energies above 250 MeV and an average neutrino flux energy of 905 MeV when this threshold is applied. The measurement is sensitive to neutrino events where the final state electron momentum is above $48\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}/\mathrm{c}$, includes the entire angular phase space of the electron, and is in agreement with the theoretical predictions from genie and nuwro. This measurement is also the first demonstration of electron-neutrino reconstruction in a surface lartpc in the presence of cosmic-ray backgrounds, which will be a crucial task for surface experiments like those that comprise the short-baseline neutrino program at Fermilab.
Chemical Components of Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) Root (2006)

Morinda citrifolia (Rubiaceae), commonly known as noni, is a plant typically found in the Hawaiian and Tahitian islands, it is believed to be one of the most important plants brought to Hawaii by the first Polynesians. The bark, stem, root, leaf and fruit have been used traditionally as a folk remedy for many diseases including diabetes, hypertension, and cancer. In this research, we reported the constituents of the roots of this plant, which included 3 new naphthoquinone derivatives and one new anhydride. Their structures were identified by the combination of APCI-MS, 1D and 2D-NMR (COSY, TOCSY, ROSEY, HMQC and HMBC).
Time reversal invariance of nonlinear acoustic wave propagation in weakly viscous media (2003)

Time Reversal Mirrors (TRM) are usually used in a low power regime. However, their potential applications in such various fields as hyperthermia or lithotripsy implies to investigate their behavior in a higher power regime. In such high power configurations, nonlinearities have to be taken into account. If one considers the acoustic wave equation in a non viscous medium [for example, Westerfeld's equation], the time reversal invariance holds. In a non linear regime, the shape of a sinusoid emitted by an acoustic source changes continuously during propagation as energy is transferred to harmonics. If this distorted signal is time reversed after some propagation distance and remitted in the opposite direction, it will suffer an inverse shape distortion during the propagation and finally recover a perfect sinusoidal shape. This property holds as long as the shock distance is not reached, otherwise the shock discontinuity implies an irreversible change of the entropy and the time reversal invariance is broken. The experimental evidence of such phenomenon is here presented. The experimental results are compared with 1D numerical simulations of Burgers equation.
Dual Peptide Conjugation Strategy for Improved Cellular Uptake and Mitochondria Targeting (2014)

Mitochondria are critical regulators of cellular function and survival. Delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic agents into mitochondria is a challenging task in modern pharmacology because the molecule to be delivered needs to first overcome the cell membrane barrier and then be able to actively target the intracellular organelle. Current strategy of conjugating either a cell penetrating peptide (CPP) or a subcellular targeting sequence to the molecule of interest only has limited success. We report here a dual peptide conjugation strategy to achieve effective delivery of a non-membrane-penetrating dye 5-carboxyfluorescein (5-FAM) into mitochondria through the incorporation of both a mitochondrial targeting sequence (MTS) and a CPP into one conjugated molecule. Notably, circular dichroism studies reveal that the combined use of α-helix and PPII-like secondary structures has an unexpected, synergistic contribution to the internalization of the conjugate. Our results suggest that although the use of positively charged MTS peptide allows for improved targeting of mitochondria, with MTS alone it showed poor cellular uptake. With further covalent linkage of the MTS-5-FAM conjugate to a CPP sequence (R8), the dually conjugated molecule was found to show both improved cellular uptake and effective mitochondria targeting. We believe these results offer important insight into the rational design of peptide conjugates for intracellular delivery.
Oligosaccharide binding to glycogen Phosphorylase b (1983)

Conference Article| April 01 1983 Oligosaccharide binding to glycogen Phosphorylase b L. N. JOHNSON; L. N. JOHNSON 1Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar E. A. STURA; E. A. STURA 2Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M. S. P. SANSOM; M. S. P. SANSOM 3Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Y. S. BABU Y. S. BABU 4Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1983) 11 (2): 142–144. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0110142 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share MailTo Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation L. N. JOHNSON, E. A. STURA, M. S. P. SANSOM, Y. S. BABU; Oligosaccharide binding to glycogen Phosphorylase b. Biochem Soc Trans 1 April 1983; 11 (2): 142–144. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0110142 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1983 Biochemical Society1983 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Impulse-Based Scheme for Crystal-Less ULP Radios (2009)

This study describes a method of implementing a fully integrated ultra-low-power (ULP) radio for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). This is achieved using an ad hoc modulation scheme (impulse radio), with a bandwidth of 17.7 MHz in the 2.4 GHz-ISM band and a specific medium access control (MAC) protocol, based on a duty-cycled wake-up radio and a crystal-less clock generator. It is shown that the total average power consumption is expected to be less than 100 ¿W with a clock generator inaccuracy of only 1%.
PD-SOI MOSFET Body-to-Body leakage scaling trend and optimization (2008)

Body-to-Body leakage (BBL) in stacked transistor configuration has been characterized by different back gate biases (Vbg), SOI thicknesses, and poly spacings. BBL increases significantly from 65 nm to 45 nm node mainly due to smaller poly spacing and shallower S/D junctions. By implant optimization and reduction of the SOI thickness, BBL can be reduced below reverse junction leakage level.
International consensus on (ICON) pediatric asthma (2012)

Asthma is the most common chronic lower respiratory disease in childhood throughout the world. Several guidelines and/or consensus documents are available to support medical decisions on pediatric asthma. Although there is no doubt that the use of common systematic approaches for management can considerably improve outcomes, dissemination and implementation of these are still major challenges. Consequently, the International Collaboration in Asthma, Allergy and Immunology (iCAALL), recently formed by the EAACI, AAAAI, ACAAI, and WAO, has decided to propose an International Consensus on (ICON) Pediatric Asthma. The purpose of this document is to highlight the key messages that are common to many of the existing guidelines, while critically reviewing and commenting on any differences, thus providing a concise reference. The principles of pediatric asthma management are generally accepted. Overall, the treatment goal is disease control. To achieve this, patients and their parents should be educated to optimally manage the disease, in collaboration with healthcare professionals. Identification and avoidance of triggers is also of significant importance. Assessment and monitoring should be performed regularly to re-evaluate and fine-tune treatment. Pharmacotherapy is the cornerstone of treatment. The optimal use of medication can, in most cases, help patients control symptoms and reduce the risk for future morbidity. The management of exacerbations is a major consideration, independent of chronic treatment. There is a trend toward considering phenotype-specific treatment choices; however, this goal has not yet been achieved.
Multiple shock compression of diamond foils with a shaped laser pulse over 1 TPa (2008)

Experiments on shock compression of diamond foils with intense laser are reported. In order to explore high-pressure and low-temperature region of the carbon phase-diagram, we irradiate single-crystal (Type-Ib) crystal foils with a shaped (ramp) pulse at the pressure of over 1TPa. We observed time-resolved reflectivity from the rear surface of the diamond during the shock compression with velocity interferometer system for any reflector (VISAR). Simultaneous observation of optical measurements and x-ray diffraction has been tested. Preliminary results on decompression of the diamond crystal due to x-ray heating were observed.
A major anti-myoglobin idiotype. Influence of H-2-linked Ir genes on idiotype expression. (1984)

A rabbit antiidiotypic antiserum raised against an A.SW IgG1K monoclonal anti-sperm whale myoglobin (Mb) antibody, HAL19, and extensively absorbed with normal mouse immunoglobulin and MOPC 21 (IgG1K), was found to detect a common or major anti-Mb idiotype expressed by some but not all anti-Mb monoclonal antibodies, regardless of immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass, and by 40-50% of the anti-Mb antibodies in immune serum from five high responder strains of mice representing five different Igh allotypes. It did not inhibit antibodies to three unrelated protein antigens. The fraction of antibodies expressing this idiotype, denoted IdHAL19, was regulated by H-2-linked genes that correlated exactly in four independent haplotypes and an F1 with the known Mb immune response (Ir) genes and may be identical to these. Whereas less than 50% of antibodies from high responder mice were inhibitable by anti-IdHAL19, greater than 80% of antibodies from low responder mice, tested at comparable final antibody concentration, were inhibitable. This result was true for both low responder haplotypes, H-2b (B10) and H-2k (B10.BR). The idiotype was found to be present on antibodies that bound to native Mb but not fragments 1-55 or 132-153 of Mb or a denatured form, S-methyl Mb. This specificity for native Mb paralleled that of the monoclonal idiotype HAL19 itself. Therefore, the production of antibodies specific for native in contrast to denatured Mb was studied in H-2-congenic high and low responder strains. Strikingly, low responders produced antibodies that reacted almost exclusively with the native conformation, whereas a larger proportion of antibodies from high responder mice also reacted with the denatured form, S-methyl Mb. Bypassing of the Ir gene defect by immunization with Mb attached to a carrier, F gamma G, resulted in low responder antisera resembling higher responder sera in both idiotype expression and conformational specificity. The simplest explanation of these results is that H-2-linked Ir genes control antibody fine specificity, which is reflected in the idiotypes of the variable regions expressed. We suggest that low responder mice produce a more limited repertoire of antibodies consisting primarily of IdHAL19-positive antibodies specific for the native conformation of Mb. High responder mice produce a greater diversity of antibodies to Mb, so that the IdHAL19-positive, conformation-specific population represents a smaller proportion of the total. Similarly, the use of carrier-specific helper T cells in low responder mice results in a greater diversity of antibodies, which dilutes out the IdHAL19 subset.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Gynecologic surgery’s future (2018)

Innovation is a major component of gynecologic surgery and surgeons at all levels play a role in progressing the specialty
Étude de la désorption laser UV d'une surface de silicium (2001)

La dsorption laser UV (.=355 nm ; tp=7,5 ns) d'une surface de silicium est tudie dans un domaine de fluence allant de 300 700 mJ/cm 2 . Nous ralisons l'tude des atomes neutres dsorbs en couplant l'ionisation laser rsonnante la spectromtrie de masse. Le dispositif exprimental permet de mesurer des distributions de temps de vol dont l'interprtation nous renseigne sur la dynamique de dsorption et sur les mcanismes de l'interaction laser UV/surface de silicium.
Continuous Nanofiltration and Recycle of an Asymmetric Ketone Hydrogenation Catalyst (2015)

The continuous nanofiltration and recycle of a ruthenium diphosphine/diamine catalyst for the asymmetric hydrogenation of α-tetralone is demonstrated in a small scale flow system. Batch experiments show that the catalyst can be recycled under hydrogen pressure. Subsequent transient packed bed experiments serve to characterize the reaction and inform the design of the recycle experiments. The total internal volume of the resulting system is ∼50 mL, making this pilot useful for testing catalyst recyclability via nanofiltration during the early stages of process development. The high-pressure catalyst recycle system is run with an automatic control system to respond to membrane flux decline during the course of operation and enable long duration runs. In 24 h, we achieved a turnover number approaching 5000 for ruthenium diphosphine/diamine catalyst used in the asymmetric hydrogenation of α-tetralone, demonstrating significant reuse of the catalyst since the substrate-to-catalyst ratio in the reactor approaches 250. During the 24 h period, the equivalent of 60 batch separation/recycle experiments is automatically performed. Ruthenium concentration in the product stream remains below 200 ppb. A slow decline in enantiomeric selectivity from 96% to 93% is observed during the run.
Real-time facial feature detection by statistical template matching (2005)

Abstract: This paper addresses a problem of robust, accurate and fast object detection in complex environments, such as cluttered backgrounds and low-quality images. A new method called Statistical Template Matching is proposed to detect objects, represented by a set of template regions. A similarity measure between the image and a template is derived from the Fisher criterion. We show how to apply our method to face and facial feature detection tasks, and demonstrate its performance in some difficult cases, such as moderate variation of scale factor of the object, local image warping and distortions caused by image compression.
Linear Instability Analysis of the jetting regime for Co-flowing immiscible liquids in co-axial microtubes (2013)

This paper applies the linear instability analysis to the prediction of the boundary between transition and jetting regimes for forming disperse droplets using co-flowing immiscible liquid in coaxial microtubes. Results are compared to a flow regimes map developed based on numerical simulations covering wide range of parameters and liquids properties. The results are also compared to reported experimental measurements for co-flowing ionized water and PDMS oil in coaxial microtubes. Although captures the general trend, the linear instability analysis consistently under predicts and over predict the boundary between transition and jetting at low and high Cad, respectively. This is because the analysis neglects the secondary perturbations and the inertia of the disperse liquid. Nonetheless, the linear instability analysis is a nearly accurate predicative approach that is much faster than performing Computation Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulations or conducting experiments.
A method to measure acetabular metrics from three dimensional computed tomography pelvis reconstructions - biomed 2009. (2009)

Acetabular dysplasia is a proposed cause of osteoarthritis of the hip and techniques to identify acetabular dysplasia are important in early diagnosis and prevention of osteoarthritis of the hip. The aim of this study is to develop a method to measure acetabular coverage and volume using computed tomography (CT) images. A software program was used to create three-dimensional models of the acetabulum and femoral head and measure the acetabular volume of each hip from CT images. The three-dimensional models of the acetabulum and femoral head were imported into a post-processing software program to determine the surface areas for the femoral head covered by the acetabulum and the acetabular area covering the femoral head. Using CT scans gathered from 35 individuals, the results of this study demonstrated that the two surface area measurements were linearly correlated with the acetabulum volume. Positive linear relationships with R-squared values of 0.53 and 0.64 were found when comparing the acetabulum volume with the surface area of the femoral head covered by the acetabulum and the surface area of the acetabular area covering the femoral head. The method presented in this study for measuring acetabular coverage and volume using CT images could be used for the development of a more reliable method of diagnosing acetabular dysplasia.
The reciprocal social interaction test did not show deficits in social behavior in either model. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;A: The time in which the mice were closer than 5 cm was similar for the two mutants as compared to their respective WT controls. All behaviors with the exception of the active, passive and reciprocal interactions were recorded using an automated system. B: During social interactions, 16p11.2 df/+ pairs were closer to each other as compared to the WT control pairs, whereas Cntnap2 -/- pairs did not show a difference compared to their corresponding WT control pairs; C: Number of interactions of the nose of a mouse towards the front, side or back of the paired mouse. 16p11.2 df/+ mice showed a slight increase in the number of interactions, but only for the interactions towards the back. Cntnap2 -/- mice were similar to their control WT mice; D: Active, passive and reciprocal interactions were similar between mutants and their respective controls. Data shown are means ± SEM. (*p &lt; .05).&lt;/p&gt;