gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Clonal Diversity of over 1,200 Listeria monocytogenes Isolates Collected from Public Access Waters near Produce Production Areas on the Central California Coast during 2011 to 2016 (2022)

A 5-year survey of public access surface waters in an agricultural region of the Central California Coast was done to assess the prevalence of the foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. In nature, L. monocytogenes lives as a saprophyte in soil and water, which are reservoirs for contamination of preharvest produce. Moore swabs were deployed biweekly in lakes, ponds, streams, and rivers during 2011 to 2016. L. monocytogenes was recovered in 1,224 of 2,922 samples, resulting in 41.9% prevalence. Multiple subtypes were isolated from 97 samples, resulting in 1,323 L. monocytogenes isolates. Prevalence was higher in winter and spring and after rain events in some waterways. Over 84% of the isolates were serotype 4b. Whole-genome sequencing was done on 1,248 isolates, and <i>in silico</i> multilocus sequence typing revealed 74 different sequence types (STs) and 39 clonal complexes (CCs). The clones most isolated, CC639, CC183, and CC1, made up 27%, 19%, and 13%, respectively, of the sequenced isolates. Other types were CC663, CC6, CC842, CC4, CC2, CC5, and CC217. All sequenced isolates contained intact copies of core L. monocytogenes virulence genes, and pathogenicity islands LIPI-3 and LIPI-4 were identified in 73% and 63%, respectively, of the sequenced isolates. The virulence factor internalin A was predicted to be intact in all but four isolates, while genes important for sanitizer and heavy metal resistance were found in <5% of the isolates. These waters are not used for crop irrigation directly, but they are available to wildlife and can flood fields during heavy rains. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> Listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b and 1/2a strains are implicated in most listeriosis, and hypervirulent listeriosis stems from strains containing pathogenicity islands LIPI-3 and LIPI-4. The waters and sediments in the Central California Coast agricultural region contain widespread and diverse L. monocytogenes populations, and all the isolates contain intact virulence genes. Emerging clones CC183 and CC639 were the most abundant clones, and major clones CC1, CC4, and CC6 were well represented. CC183 was responsible for three produce-related outbreaks in the last 7 years. Most of the isolates in the survey differ from those of lesser virulence that are often isolated from foods and food processing plants because they contain genes encoding an intact virulence factor, internalin A, and most did not contain genes for sanitizer and heavy metal resistance. This isolate collection is important for understanding L. monocytogenes populations in agricultural and natural regions.
Sensing Impacts of the Fate of Trace Explosives Signatures Under Environmental Conditions (2010)

A fundamental understanding of the environmental fate and contributing mechanisms of explosives degradation is crucial for determining if emerging explosives sensor systems and concepts of operations are likely to provide effective capabilities since explosive residues vary on tactically relevant timescales. In support of trace explosives detection and sensor development, the temporal persistence and compositional evolution of trace military grade explosives were studied under both hot arid and mild temperate climate conditions as surrogate operational scenarios. The results indicate that for trace (&amp;lt;10 microgram) residues exposed to hot arid conditions in full sun, the half-life is 0.2-5 hours for TNT and 2-100 hours for RDX, while preliminary results for residues exposed to mild temperate conditions in partial sun, the half-life is 2-40 hours for TNT and on the order of 2 to&amp;gt;10 days for RDX. Degradation in both types of climate conditions are dictated by a combination of sublimation and photodegradation, which leads to the formation of an inhomogeneous mixture of degradations products.
Analysis, Design, and Comparison of V2V Chargers for Flexible Grid Integration (2021)

This study proposes a flexible, compact, efficient, and cost effective electric vehicle-to-electric vehicle charge sharing solution that will lead to faster and wider customer adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) as an alternative to current grid-to-vehicle charging methodologies. The energy will be transferred between EVs using a bidirectional dc-dc converter in a conductive way, which can take place at parking lots of workplaces, campuses, or residential premises and highways. The proposed design provides compact infrastructure, wide input and output voltage ranges with bidirectional buck-boost operation, and fast power transfer compared to Level 2 charging stations. A complete design comparison between Si and SiC based converters has been carried out based on the available power modules and magnetic cores. The comparison demonstrates the effect of switching frequency and switch selection on the size of passive components, the converter efficiency, and the power density of the converter. The developed study evaluated three different bidirectional dc-dc converter topologies and validated the developed prototype with experimental results.
N2O grown high Al composition nitrogen doped β-(AlGa)2O3/β-Ga2O3 using MOCVD (2023)

We report on the MOCVD growth of smooth (010) (AlxGa1–x)2O3 and (100) (AlyGa1–y)2O3 epitaxial films on β-Ga2O3 substrates with (010) and (100) orientations, respectively, using N2O for oxidation. High resolution x-ray diffraction was used to evaluate the phase purity and strain characteristics of the (AlGa)2O3 layers and estimate the Al composition. The incorporation efficiency of Al into the (AlGa)2O3 films depends on process conditions, including chamber pressure, growth temperature, and gas phase Al concentration. Layers grown at lower reactor pressure and substrate temperature and higher gas phase Al concentration showed higher Al incorporation. Pure beta phase (AlGa)2O3 films with a record high Al composition of x = 30% for a film grown on a (010) β-Ga2O3 substrate and with an Al composition of up to y = 45% on the (100) β-Ga2O3 substrate was realized by introducing ∼18% Al mole fraction into the reactor. N2O grown β-(AlGa)2O3/β-Ga2O3 superlattice structures with an Al composition of 5% were also demonstrated on both substrate orientations. When higher gas phase Al concentration is introduced into the reactor, pure γ-phase (AlxGa1–x)2O3 is grown on (010) β-Ga2O3 substrates. In contrast, on the (100) β-Ga2O3 substrate, the (AlyGa1–y)2O3 layers are β-phase, but with two separate Al compositions owing to the local Al segregation. The nitrogen doping of (010) β-(AlxGa1–x)2O3 with [N] ranging 6 × 1017–2 × 1019 cm−3 was achieved using N2O. Higher Al composition and lower substrate temperature lead to higher N incorporation. The results show that using N2O as an oxygen source can lead to the growth of high Al content β-(AlGa)2O3, which paves the way for the realization of efficient power devices, such as modulation-doped field effect transistors.
Controlled syntheses of natural and disulfide‐mispaired regioisomers of α‐conotoxin SI* (1999)

Methods are reported for the unambiguous syntheses of all three possible disulfide regioisomers with the sequence of alpha-conotoxin SI, a tridecapeptide amide from marine cone snail venom that binds selectively to the muscle subtype of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. The naturally occurring peptide has two 'interlocking' disulfide bridges connecting Cys2-Cys7 and Cys3-Cys13 (2/7&3/13), while in the two mispaired isomers the disulfide bridges connect Cys2-Cys13 and Cys3-Cys7 (2/13 & 3/7, 'nested') and Cys2-Cys3 and Cys7-Cys13 (2/3 & 7/13, 'discrete'), respectively. Alignment of disulfide bridges was controlled at the level of orthogonal protection schemes for the linear precursors, assembled by Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis on acidolyzable tris(alkoxy)benzylamide (PAL) supports. Side-chain protection of cysteine was provided by suitable pairwise combination of the S-9H-xanthen-9-yl (Xan) and S-acetamidomethyl (Acm) protecting groups. The first disulfide bridge was formed from the corresponding bis(thiol) precursor obtained by selective deprotection of S-Xan, and the second disulfide bridge was formed by orthogonal co-oxidation of S-Acm groups on the remaining two Cys residues. It was possible to achieve the desired alignments with either order of loop formation (smaller loop before larger, or vice versa). The highest overall yields were obtained when both disulfides were formed in solution, while experiments where either the first or both bridges were formed while the peptide was on the solid support revealed lower overall yields and poorer selectivities towards the desired isomers.
Label-free volumetric optical imaging of intact murine brains (2017)

A central effort of today's neuroscience is to study the brain's 'wiring diagram'. The nervous system is believed to be a network of neurons interacting with each other through synaptic connection between axons and dendrites, therefore the neuronal connectivity map not only depicts the underlying anatomy, but also has important behavioral implications. Different approaches have been utilized to decipher neuronal circuits, including electron microscopy (EM) and light microscopy (LM). However, these approaches typically demand extensive sectioning and reconstruction for a brain sample. Recently, tissue clearing methods have enabled the investigation of a fully assembled biological system with greatly improved light penetration. Yet, most of these implementations, still require either genetic or exogenous contrast labeling for light microscopy. Here we demonstrate a high-speed approach, termed as Clearing Assisted Scattering Tomography (CAST), where intact brains can be imaged at optical resolution without labeling by leveraging tissue clearing and the scattering contrast of optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI).
BAP1 haploinsufficiency predicts a distinct immunogenic class of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (2019)

Our findings reveal BAP1 to be a potential, easily trackable prognostic and predictive biomarker for PeM immunotherapy that refines PeM disease classification. BAP1 stratification may improve drug response rates in ongoing phases I and II clinical trials exploring the use of immune checkpoint blockade therapies in PeM in which BAP1 status is not considered. This integrated molecular characterization provides a comprehensive foundation for improved management of a subset of PeM patients.
Improving text categorization bootstrapping via unsupervised learning (2009)

We propose a text-categorization bootstrapping algorithm in which categories are described by relevant seed words. Our method introduces two unsupervised techniques to improve the initial categorization step of the bootstrapping scheme: (i) using latent semantic spaces to estimate the similarity among documents and words, and (ii) the Gaussian mixture algorithm, which differentiates relevant and nonrelevant category information using statistics from unlabeled examples. In particular, this second step maps the similarity scores to class posterior probabilities, and therefore reduces sensitivity to keyword-dependent variations in scores. The algorithm was evaluated on two text categorization tasks, and obtained good performance using only the category names as initial seeds. In particular, the performance of the proposed method proved to be equivalent to a pure supervised approach trained on 70--160 labeled documents per category.
Reply to comment on Perfect drain for the Maxwell fish eye lens (2013)

We reply to the comments on our paper Perfect Drain for the Maxwell fish eye lens (NJP 13 (2011) 023038) made by Fei Sun. We believe that Sun comments have several mistakes in theoretical concepts and simulation results.
Itaconic Acid-Functionalized Magnetic Latex Particles for Pb2+ Removal (2015)

International audience
ChemInform Abstract: THE POLAR CHARACTER OF THE PHENYL RADICAL (1973)

Abstract Bestimmung des polaren Charakters des Titelradikals anhand der Geschwindigkeitskonstanten der homolytischen Phenylierung von 4‐substituierten Pyridinen.
Multivalency in Ligand Design (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction and Overview Definitions of Terms Selection of Key Experimental Studies Trivalency in a Structurally Simple System Cooperativity (and the Role of Enthalpy) in the “Chelate Effect” Oligovalency in the Design of Inhibitors to Toxins Bivalency at Well Defined Surfaces (Self-assembled Monolayers, SAMs) Polyvalency at Surfaces of Viruses, Bacteria, and SAMs Theoretical Considerations in Multivalency Survey of Thermodynamics Additivity and Multivalency Avidity and Effective Concentration (Ceff) Cooperativity is Distinct from Multivalency Conformational Entropy of the Linker between Ligands Enthalpy/Entropy Compensation Reduces the Benefit of Multivalency Representative Experimental Studies Experimental Techniques Used to Examine Multivalent Systems Isothermal Titration Calorimetry Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy Surface Assays Using Purified Components (Cell-free Assays) Cell-based Surface Assays Examination of Experimental Studies in the Context of Theory Trivalency in Structurally Simple Systems Cooperativity (and the Role of Enthalpy) in the “Chelate Effect” Oligovalency in the Design of Inhibitors of Toxins Bivalency in Solution and at Well Defined Surfaces (SAMs) Polyvalency at Surfaces (Viruses, Bacteria, and SAMs) Design Rules for Multivalent Ligands When Will Multivalency Be a Successful Strategy to Design Tight-binding Ligands? Choice of Scaffold for Multivalent Ligands Scaffolds for Oligovalent Ligands Scaffolds for Polyvalent Ligands Choice of Linker for Multivalent Ligands Rigid Linkers Represent a Simple Approach to Optimize Affinity Flexible Linkers Represent an Alternative Approach to Rigid Linkers to Optimize Affinity Strategy for the Synthesis of Multivalent Ligands Polyvalent Ligands: Polymerization of Ligand Monomers Polyvalent Ligands: Functionalization with Ligands after Polymerization Extensions of Multivalency to Lead Discovery Hetero-oligovalency Is a Broadly Applicable Concept in Ligand Design Dendrimers Present Opportunities for Multivalent Presentation of Ligands Bivalency in the Immune System Polymers Could Be the Most Broadly Applicable Multivalent Ligands Challenges and Unsolved Problems in Multivalency Conclusions Acknowledgments References
Multigrid based preconditioners for the heterogeneous Helmholtz equation (2004)

In [1] we propose a class of preconditioner for the Helmholtz equation, based on a complex shift of the Laplace operator. There, we also give some spectral analysis of the preconditioned linear system. By using a particular choice of the shift we can make the spectrum bounded above by a value of order O(1). We find also that the condition number of the preconditioned linear system solely depends on the lower bound of the spectrum, which in this case is of order O(1/k), where k is the wavenumber. In this talk, using this complex shifted Laplace operator, a multigrid based preconditioner can be designed to be used as the accelerator for Krylov subspace iterative methods. The standard multigrid components usually used for real-valued linear systems can be used for the complexvalued preconditioner operator without any adaptation. Analysis using local Fourier analysis is given and compared with numerical observation. Numerical test on various cases show the eectiveness and the robustness of the preconditioner.
A novel FPGA architecture supporting wide shallow memories (2002)

This paper presents a novel architecture for on-chip user storage in a FPGA. Shallow wide memories are provided by allowing the user to write and read the configuration memory in unused switch blocks. Implementing this technique on a 100/spl times/100 logic block FPGA with 128 tracks per channel gives a total of 9.46 Megabits of memory which can be assessed using an arbitrary word width. The circuitry to provide access to the configuration bits in this way consists of 3.58 transistors per bit, and results in a routing speed degradation of 11.6% (typical critical path degradation of 5%).
Fabrication of a SFF-based three-dimensional scaffold using a precision deposition system in tissue engineering (2008)

Recent developments in tissue-engineering techniques allow physicians to treat a range of previously untreatable conditions. In the development of such techniques, scaffolds with a controllable pore size and porosity have been manufactured using solid free-form fabrication methods to investigate cell interaction effects such as cell proliferation and differentiation. In this study, we describe the fabrication of scaffolds from two types of biodegradable materials using a precision deposition system that we developed. The precision deposition system uses technology that enables the manufacture of three-dimensional (3D) microstructures. The fabrication of 3D tissue-engineering scaffolds using the precision deposition system required the combination of several technologies, including motion control, thermal control, pneumatic control and CAD/CAM software. Through the fabrication and cell interaction analysis of two kinds of scaffolds using polycaprolactone and poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid, feasibility of application to the tissue engineering of the developed SFF-based precision deposition system is demonstrated.
Catálisis con zeolitas: Desde el laboratorio a su aplicación industrial (2011)

No disponible
1. Richard Cantillon: Last of the Premoderns (2022)

Contrairement à la plupart des commentateurs qui soulignent la modernité de Cantillon, cet article le perçoit comme un théoricien prémoderne. Selon l’article, l’ Essai de Cantillon reformule la cause populationniste en tant que pur problème d’allocation, ses éléments incontestablement modernes servant de dispositifs soit pour poser ce problème, soit pour le résoudre. Puisque ce problème repose sur le postulat d’une absence complète de progrès technique, il aboutit par conséquent à une conception typiquement prémoderne de l’histoire. Tandis que les lectures ‘modernisantes’ de l’ Essai ont tendance à mettre en avant la continuité entre Cantillon et les physiocrates, la lecture ‘historicisante’ proposée ici permet de déceler une profonde rupture. Classification JEL : B11, B31
Erratum: Pararhodobacter marinus sp. nov., a bacterium isolated from marine sediment in the East China Sea and emended description of the genus Pararhodobacter (2020)

Microbiology Society journals contain high-quality research papers and topical review articles. We are a not-for-profit publisher and we support and invest in the microbiology community, to the benefit of everyone. This supports our principal goal to develop, expand and strengthen the networks available to our members so that they can generate new knowledge about microbes and ensure that it is shared with other communities.
Synthesis of Side Chain Truncated 3‘ ‘-Aldehyde, 3‘ ‘-Carboxylic Acid, and 1‘ ‘-Aldehyde from Nodulisporic Acid A (2002)

An efficient synthesis of the truncated 3"-aldehyde (3) from nodulisporic acid A (1) under mild conditions is described. Further oxidation of 3 to 3"-carboxylic acid (4) and its subsequent oxidative degradation produced 1"-aldehyde (5). These new derivatives are versatile intermediates for the preparation of new, side chain modified derivatives of nodulisporic acid A. [reaction: see text]
A Model to Predict the Production Rate of AMD (1991)

Results generated from a model to deterministically calculate the production rate of acid mine drainage compared to those generated by an empirical model are nearly identical. The model is capable of predicting the production rate over a broad range of temperatures in a fraction of the time it takes to perform the empirical procedure.
Supported gold-copper nanoparticles as a reusable catalyst for the oxidation of 5-hydroxymtheyl-2-furfural under mild conditions (2011)

The oxidation of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural was studied under mild conditions using TiO2-supported Au and Au-Cu catalysts synthesized from preformed nanoparticles. Bimetallic gold-copper catalysts display a superior activity compared to monometallic gold supported catalysts. Moreover, after reaction, the bimetallic Au-Cu catalysts can be recovered by filtration and reused without any loss of activity and selectivity. In contrast, the monometallic gold catalysts are not stable under these reaction conditions. The effect of various reaction parameters was studied.
Dynamics in Flexible Pillar[n]arenes Probed by Solid-State NMR (2021)

Pillar[<i>n</i>]arenes are supramolecular assemblies that can perform a range of technologically important molecular separations which are enabled by their molecular flexibility. Here, we probe dynamical behavior by performing a range of variable-temperature solid-state NMR experiments on microcrystalline perethylated pillar[<i>n</i>]arene (<i>n</i> = 5, 6) and the corresponding three pillar[6]arene xylene adducts in the 100-350 K range. This was achieved either by measuring site-selective motional averaged <sup>13</sup>C <sup>1</sup>H heteronuclear dipolar couplings and subsequently accessing order parameters or by determining <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C spin-lattice relaxation times and extracting correlation times based on dipolar and/or chemical shift anisotropy relaxation mechanisms. We demonstrate fast motional regimes at room temperature and highlight a significant difference in dynamics between the core of the pillar[<i>n</i>]arenes, the protruding flexible ethoxy groups, and the adsorbed xylene guest. Additionally, unexpected and sizable <sup>13</sup>C <sup>1</sup>H heteronuclear dipolar couplings for a quaternary carbon were observed for <i>p</i>-xylene adsorbed in pillar[6]arene only, indicating a strong host-guest interaction and establishing the <i>p</i>-xylene location inside the host, confirming structural refinements.
Harmonic results of a 460 GHz gyrotron (2004)

We report the first results of a 460 GHz second harmonic gyrotron. In microsecond pulse length operation at 13 kV and 110 mA, power levels in the order of 1 W have been observed at the TE/sub 2,6/ mode at 456.2 GHz and the TE/sub 0,6/ mode at 458.6 GHz. Modes at the fundamental, including the TE/sub 0,3/ at 238 GHz and the TE/sub 2,3/ at 233 GHz, have output powers up to 70 W. The TE/sub 5,2/ mode was observed to tune continuously in frequency from 246 GHz to 248 GHz. The gyrotron is being processed for CW operation. At present, more than 12 W have been obtained in CW operation in the TE/sub 2,3/ mode at 233 GHz.
D-Dimer und Plasminogen Aktivator vom Urokinasetyp: Eigene Erfahrungen bei Mammakarzinomen (1993)

Plasma values of d-dimer, a stable end product of plasmin-induced fibrinolysis, were ascertained in 128 female patients with mammary carcinoma. These patients demonstrated significantly increased d-dimers in comparison with the control group with benign mammary disease (p < 0.01). The sensitivity and specificity of d-dimer were slightly higher than those of the established tumour marker CA 15-3 and CEA. There was no correlation between d-dimers in the plasma and increased expression of urokinase plasminogen activator (UPA) in the tissue. Increased d-dimers in the plasma of female patients with mammary carcinoma reflect multi-factoral interactions between carcinoma growth and the haemostatic-fibrinolytic system, and may be used as tumour markers.
Rough Surfaces by Design: Gold Colloids Tethered to Gold Surfaces as Substrates for CaCO3 Crystallization (1998)

Tethering of gold colloids to surfaces modified with, e.g., selfassembled monolayers (SAMs), can lead to changes of properties. The characterization by atomic force microscopy of an SAM surface coated with gold colloid and its use as a substrate for the growth of CaCO3 crystals, an important biomineral, are described. The Figure shows scanning electron micrographs of CaCO3 grown on pure gold and colloid-coated gold surfaces.