gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Processing and Mechanical Properties of Fluorinated Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube−Polyethylene Composites (2006)

To efficiently reinforce polymer matrix composites with carbon nanotubes, issues of dispersion and nanotube−matrix compatibility should be optimized. Sidewall chemical functionalization was shown to be effective in improving both the dispersion and interaction between the nanotube and the matrix. This work evaluates the affect of sidewall functional group on dispersing the fluorinated single-walled carbon nanotubes (F−SWNTs) in a thermoplastic matrix (polyethylene) and on the mechanical properties of the F−SWNT composites fabricated. These studies demonstrate that in comparison with polyethylene composites, filled with purified nanotubes, improved dispersion and interfacial and mechanical properties are achieved for F−SWNT-loaded matrixes due to chemical functionalization. In addition, the observed partial removal of functional groups from the F−SWNTs during melt processing with polyethylene by shear mixing suggests a possibility of in situ direct covalent bonding between the nanotubes and the matrix which ultimately results in mechanical reinforcement of the composite.
Complex chemistry of reactive organic compounds. 28. Carbene addition to metal carbonyls - a novel reaction in organometallic chemistry. Direct synthesis of .eta.2-ketene complexes from diazoalkanes (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComplex chemistry of reactive organic compounds. 28. Carbene addition to metal carbonyls - a novel reaction in organometallic chemistry. Direct synthesis of .eta.2-ketene complexes from diazoalkanesWolfgang A. Herrmann, Johann Plank, Manfred L. Ziegler, and Klaus WeidenhammerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 11, 3133–3135Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1979https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00505a058Request reuse permissionsArticle Views199Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (379 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Transcription factor modularity in a gene-centered C. elegans core neuronal protein–DNA interaction network (2007)

Transcription regulatory networks play a pivotal role in the development, function, and pathology of metazoan organisms. Such networks are comprised of protein-DNA interactions between transcription factors (TFs) and their target genes. An important question pertains to how the architecture of such networks relates to network functionality. Here, we show that a Caenorhabditis elegans core neuronal protein-DNA interaction network is organized into two TF modules. These modules contain TFs that bind to a relatively small number of target genes and are more systems specific than the TF hubs that connect the modules. Each module relates to different functional aspects of the network. One module contains TFs involved in reproduction and target genes that are expressed in neurons as well as in other tissues. The second module is enriched for paired homeodomain TFs and connects to target genes that are often exclusively neuronal. We find that paired homeodomain TFs are specifically expressed in C. elegans and mouse neurons, indicating that the neuronal function of paired homeodomains is evolutionarily conserved. Taken together, we show that a core neuronal C. elegans protein-DNA interaction network possesses TF modules that relate to different functional aspects of the complete network.
Correction to N-(Cycloalkylamino)acyl-2-aminothiazole Inhibitors of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2. N-[5-[[[5-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-2-oxazolyl]methyl]thio]-2-thiazolyl]-4-piperidinecarboxamide (BMS-387032), a Highly Efficacious and Selective Antitumor Agent (2015)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to N-(Cycloalkylamino)acyl-2-aminothiazole Inhibitors of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2. N-[5-[[[5-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-2-oxazolyl]methyl]thio]-2-thiazolyl]-4-piperidinecarboxamide (BMS-387032), a Highly Efficacious and Selective Antitumor AgentRaj N. Misra*, Hai-yun Xiao, Kyoung S. Kim, Songfeng Lu, Wen-Ching Han, Stephanie A. Barbosa, John T. Hunt, David B. Rawlins, Weifang Shan, Syed Z. Ahmed, Ligang Qian, Bang-Chi Chen, Rulin Zhao, Mark S. Bednarz, Kristen A. Kellar, Janet G. Mulheron, Roberta Batorsky, Urvashi Roongta, Amrita Kamath, Punit Marathe, Sunanda A. Ranadive, John S. Sack, John S. Tokarski, Nikola P. Pavletich, Francis Y. F. Lee, Kevin R. Webster, and S. David KimballCite this: J. Med. Chem. 2015, 58, 18, 7609Publication Date (Web):September 2, 2015Publication History Published online2 September 2015Published inissue 24 September 2015https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01294https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01294correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2015 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1278Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (117 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A new, large calibre, self‐expanding and self‐retaining temporary intraprostatic stent (ProstaCoil) in the treatment of prostatic obstruction (1994)

Because of its large diameter and its temporary nature this new stent allows endoscopic examination of the bladder and has few side effects. This stent should be considered as an alternative to a urethral catheter or other temporary stents in patients who are unfit for surgery.
A crystal-less bluetooth low energy radio using a MEMS-based frequency reference system (2017)

A system clock is implemented with a 2.52 GHz MEMS-based oscillator, divider, temperature sensor, digital PLL, and active temperature compensation to generate a 48 MHz frequency reference with ±10 ppm stability from -40°C to 105°C. An on-chip 32 kHz RC oscillator is also periodically calibrated by this reference clock to achieve ±500 ppm accuracy, allowing it to be used as the wireless node sleep timer. Additionally, the MEMS oscillator is advantaged in highly duty cycled protocols due to its 100× faster start-up time. This fully integrated reference system enables a crystal-less Bluetooth Low Energy compliant radio in 65 nm CMOS and could provide on-board design convenience to end users.
The unique mechanistic transformations involved in the biosynthesis of modular natural products from marine cyanobacteria (2010)

Cyanobacteria are abundant producers of natural products well recognized for their bioactivity and utility in drug discovery and biotechnology applications. In the last decade, characterization of several modular gene clusters that code for the biosynthesis of these compounds has revealed a number of unusual enzymatic reactions. In this article, we review several mechanistic transformations identified in marine cyanobacterial biosynthetic pathways, with an emphasis on modular polyketide synthase(PKS)/non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene clusters. In selected instances, we also make comparisons between cyanobacterial gene clusters derived from marine and freshwater strains. We then provide an overview of recent developments in cyanobacterial natural products biosynthesis made available through genome sequencing and new advances in bioinformatics and genetics.
Understanding and Eliminating the Detrimental Effect of Thiamine Deficiency on the Oleaginous Yeast Yarrowia lipolytica (2019)

Thiamine is a vitamin that functions as a cofactor for key enzymes in carbon and energy metabolism in all living cells. While most plants, fungi, and bacteria can synthesize thiamine <i>de novo</i>, the oleaginous yeast <i>Yarrowia lipolytica</i> cannot. In this study, we used proteomics together with physiological characterization to elucidate key metabolic processes influenced and regulated by thiamine availability and to identify the genetic basis of thiamine auxotrophy in <i>Y. lipolytica</i> Specifically, we found that thiamine depletion results in decreased protein abundance for the lipid biosynthesis pathway and energy metabolism (i.e., ATP synthase), leading to the negligible growth and poor sugar assimilation observed in our study. Using comparative genomics, we identified the missing 4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyrimidine phosphate synthase (THI13) gene for the <i>de novo</i> thiamine biosynthesis in <i>Y. lipolytica</i> and discovered an exceptional promoter, P3, that exhibits strong activation and tight repression by low and high thiamine concentrations, respectively. Capitalizing on the strength of our thiamine-regulated promoter (P3) to express the missing gene from <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (scTHI13), we engineered a thiamine-prototrophic <i>Y. lipolytica</i> strain. By comparing this engineered strain to the wild-type strain, we revealed the tight relationship between thiamine availability and lipid biosynthesis and demonstrated enhanced lipid production with thiamine supplementation in the engineered thiamine-prototrophic <i>Y. lipolytica</i> strain.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Thiamine plays a crucial role as an essential cofactor for enzymes involved in carbon and energy metabolism in all living cells. Thiamine deficiency has detrimental consequences for cellular health. <i>Yarrowia lipolytica</i>, a nonconventional oleaginous yeast with broad biotechnological applications, is a native thiamine auxotroph whose affected cellular metabolism is not well understood. Therefore, <i>Y. lipolytica</i> is an ideal eukaryotic host for the study of thiamine metabolism, especially because mammalian cells are also thiamine auxotrophic and thiamine deficiency is implicated in several human diseases. This study elucidates the fundamental effects of thiamine deficiency on cellular metabolism in <i>Y. lipolytica</i> and identifies genes and novel thiamine-regulated elements that eliminate thiamine auxotrophy in <i>Y. lipolytica</i> Furthermore, the discovery of thiamine-regulated elements enables the development of thiamine biosensors with useful applications in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering.
Optical Wiring Technologies in Photonic Node Utilizing Space Division Multiplexing (2018)

Technologies for space division multiplexing are rapidly progressing to support the ultra-high density transmission systems. Though developments of these technologies are started for core network systems, requirements adopting these technologies are also arising for using in optical nodes. This paper summarizes optical connecting technologies utilized in optical nodes such as optical connectors and Fanin/ Fan-out devices.
CompRet: a comprehensive recommendation framework for chemical synthesis planning with algorithmic enumeration (2020)

In computer-assisted synthesis planning (CASP) programs, providing as many chemical synthetic routes as possible is essential for considering optimal and alternative routes in a chemical reaction network. As the majority of CASP programs have been designed to provide one or a few optimal routes, it is likely that the desired one will not be included. To avoid this, an exact algorithm that lists possible synthetic routes within the chemical reaction network is required, alongside a recommendation of synthetic routes that meet specified criteria based on the chemist's objectives. Herein, we propose a chemical-reaction-network-based synthetic route recommendation framework called "CompRet" with a mathematically guaranteed enumeration algorithm. In a preliminary experiment, CompRet was shown to successfully provide alternative routes for a known antihistaminic drug, cetirizine. CompRet is expected to promote desirable enumeration-based chemical synthesis searches and aid the development of an interactive CASP framework for chemists.
UWB coplanar waveguide-fed-coplanar strips spiral antenna (2016)

This paper presents an ultra-wideband coplanar waveguide-fed-coplanar strips square-spiral antenna that operates in the frequency band 4-10 GHz. This antenna is easy to design and yields at least a 50% reduction in size as compared with other available UWB spiral antennas. A matching resistor is placed at the end of the spiral to yield better than 10 dB return loss over the operating frequency band. The antenna yields circular polarization at boresight in the frequency range 6.6-7 GHz. This frequency range will be optimized in the final design and factors that affect it will be determined.
Relationship of Treponema denticola periplasmic flagella to irregular cell morphology (1997)

Treponema denticola is an anaerobic, motile, oral spirochete associated with periodontal disease. We found that the periplasmic flagella (PFs), which are located between the outer membrane sheath and cell cylinder, influence its morphology in a unique manner. In addition, the protein composition of the PFs was found to be quite complex and similar to those of other spirochetes. Dark-field microscopy revealed that most wild-type cells had an irregular twisted morphology, with both planar and helical regions, and a minority of cells had a regular right-handed helical shape. High-voltage electron microscopy indicated that the PFs, especially in those regions of the cell which were planar, wrapped around the cell body axis in a right-handed sense. In those regions of the cell which were helical or irregular, the PFs tended to lie along the cell axis. The PFs caused the cell to form the irregular shape, as two nonmotile, PF-deficient mutants (JR1 and HL51) were no longer irregular but were right-handed helices. JR1 was isolated as a spontaneously occurring nonmotile mutant, and HL51 was isolated as a site-directed mutant in the flagellar hook gene flgE. Consistent with these results is the finding that wild-type cells with their outer membrane sheath removed were also right-handed helices similar in shape to JR1 and HL51. Purified PFs were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and several protein species were identified. Western blot analysis using antisera to Treponema pallidum PF proteins along with N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis indicated T. denticola PFs are composed of one class A sheath protein of 38 kDa (FlaA) and three class B proteins of 35 kDa (FlaB1 and FlaB2) and one of 34 kDa (FlaB3). The N-terminal amino acid sequences of the FlaA and FlaB proteins of T. denticola were most similar to those of T. pallidum and Treponema phagedenis. Because these proteins were present in markedly reduced amounts or were absent in HL51, PF synthesis is likely to be regulated in a hierarchy similar to that found for flagellar. synthesis in other bacteria.
π, a Pre-B-Cell-Specific Enhancer Element in the Immunoglobulin Heavy-Chain Enhancer (1993)

We have identified a new immunoglobulin heavy-chain enhancer element, designated pi, between the microE2 and microE3 elements. The pi enhancer element is transcriptionally active primarily during early stages of B-cell development but becomes virtually inactive during B-cell maturation at about the stage of immunoglobulin kappa light-chain gene rearrangement. Mutational analysis suggests that the pi element is crucial for immunoglobulin heavy-chain enhancer activity at the pre-B-cell stage but is almost irrelevant for enhancer activity at the mature B-cell or plasma-cell stage. The activity of the pi enhancer element correlates with the presence of an apparently pre-B-cell-specific protein-DNA complex. The similarity of the pi site to recognition sequences for members of the ets gene family suggests that the protein(s) interacting with the pi site most likely are ets-related transcription factors.
Improvement of Crystal Quality of RF-Plasma-Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy Grown Ga-Polarity GaN by High-Temperature Grown AlN Multiple Intermediate Layers (2000)

The effects of high-temperature-grown AlN multiple intermediate layers (HT-AlN-MILs) on the crystal quality of Ga-polarity GaN layers grown on (0001) Al 2 O 3 substrates by molecular beam epitaxy using rf-plasma nitrogen source were investigated. The high-temperature-grown AlN intermediate layers (HT-AlN-ILs) with different thicknesses were found to play different roles in the improvement of crystal quality. The 8-nm-thick HT-AlN-ILs brought about improvement of electrical properties. On the other hand, the 2-nm-thick HT-AlN-ILs improved the surface morphology. The combination of these 8-nm-HT-AlN-ILs and 2-nm-HT-AlN-ILs improved both the electrical properties and the surface morphology concurrently.
Ultrafast Target Recognition via Super-Parallel Holograph Based Correlator, RAM and Associative Memory (2008)

Abstract : The overall objective of this project was to develop an ultrafast target recognition system using holographic techniques, as well as spin-off technologies with other applications. We report here a set of significant accomplishments towards this goal. These include: (1) demonstrations of shared hardware operation of a super-parallel holographic correlator and RAM, (2) demonstrations of an ultra-fast holographic stokesmeter for polarization imaging; (3) demonstrations of off-axis transmission and reflection holographic lenses for use in the super-parallel architecture; (4) demonstrations of a translation-invariant correlation of images stored via holographic angle-multiplexing in a thick photopolymer material; (5) development of a large-area, thick, optical quality holographic recording disc capable of storing up to 2 terabyte of data; (6) demonstration of real-time, pico-second speed, translation-invariant correlation using a novel photorefractive material, and (7) demonstration of automatic target recognition of targets in a view from arbitrary altitudes and orientations during the flight of a remote-controlled aerial vehicle.
Analysis of Facilitated Oxygen Transport in a Liquid Membrane of Hemoglobin (1996)

Abstract A liquid membrane containing bovine hemoglobin (Hb) as an oxygen carrier was prepared, and oxygen permeation through the membrane was measured by the electrochemical reduction of the permeated oxygen. The oxygen permeation was facilitated, as analyzed by a dual-mode model, to give permeation parameters of the membranes such as the diffusion coefficient (DHb) of the mobile carrier Hb and the solution-diffusion coefficient of oxygen (DO2). The facilitated permeation was the product of the Hb concentration ([Hb]0) and DHb in the membrane solution. DHb decreased with [Hb]0 or the solution viscosity; the maximum of the oxygen permeability (6.2 × 10−8 cm3(STP)cm cm−2s−1 cmHg−1 at the feed stream oxygen pressure of 0.54 cmHg) was observed at [Hb]0 = 12.8 g dl−1, where the facilitation factor and the oxygen/nitrogen permselectivity were ca. 10 and 18, respectively.
Subsurface flow mixing in coarse, braided river deposits (2016)

Abstract. Coarse, braided river deposits show a large hydraulic heterogeneity on the metre scale. One of the main depositional elements found in such deposits is a trough structure filled with layers of bimodal gravel and open-framework gravel, the latter being highly permeable. However, the impact of such trough fills on subsurface flow and advective mixing has not drawn much attention. A geologically realistic model of trough fills is proposed and fitted to a limited number of ground-penetrating radar records surveyed on the river bed of the Tagliamento River (northeast Italy). A steady-state, saturated subsurface flow simulation is performed on the small-scale, high-resolution, synthetic model (size: 75 m × 80 m × 9 m). Advective mixing (i.e. streamline intertwining) is visualised and quantified based on particle tracking. The results indicate strong advective mixing as well as a large flow deviation induced by the asymmetry of the trough fills with regard to the main flow direction. The flow deviation induces a partial, large-scale rotational effect. These findings depict possible advective mixing found in natural environments and can guide the interpretation of ecological processes such as in the hyporheic zone.
Diagnostic Host Gene Expression Analysis by Quantitative Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification to Discriminate between Bacterial and Viral Infections (2021)

qRT-LAMP assays can provide sufficiently accurate gene expression profiling data to enable discrimination between bacterial and viral etiologies using an established set of biomarkers and a classification algorithm.
XML Rewriting Attacks: Existing Solutions and their Limitations (2008)

Web Services are web-based applications made available for web users or remote Web-based programs. In order to promote interoperability, they publish their interfaces in the so-called WSDL file and allow remote call over the network. Although Web Services can be used in different ways, the industry standard is the Service Oriented Architecture Web Services that doesn't rely on the implementation details. In this architecture, communication is performed through XML-based messages called SOAP messages. However, those messages are prone to attacks that can lead to code injection, unauthorized accesses, identity theft, etc. This type of attacks, called XML Rewriting Attacks, are all based on unauthorized, yet possible, modifications of SOAP messages. We present in this paper an explanation of this kind of attack, review the existing solutions, and show their limitations. We also propose some ideas to secure SOAP messages, as well as implementation ideas.