gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hexagonal GaN microdisk with wurtzite/zinc-blende GaN crystal phase nano-heterostructures and high quality zinc-blende GaN crystal layer (2014)

We revealed that a hexagonal GaN microdisk exhibiting lasing action at a wavelength of approximately 390 nm has peculiar crystal structures consisting of wurtzite (WZ)/zinc-blende (ZB) GaN crystal phase nano-heterostructures and a high-quality ZB GaN crystal layer. Upon transmission electron microscopy measurement, 5–20 monolayer ZB GaN nanocrystals were observed in the WZ GaN crystals in the microdisk, and approximately 250-nm-thick ZB crystals with no dislocations were observed in the upper part of the microdisk. The result indcates that the optical gain of the lasing action at a wavelength of approximately 390 nm is based on ZB GaN crystals.
Germanium-on-Silicon Mid-Infrared Arrayed Waveguide Grating Multiplexers (2013)

In this letter, we describe the use of a germanium-on-silicon waveguide platform to realize an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) operating in the 5 μm wavelength range, which can be used as a wavelength multiplexer for mid-infrared (midIR) light engines or as the core element of a midIR spectrometer. Ge-on-Si waveguide losses in the range 2.5-3.5 dB/cm for TE polarized light and 3-4 dB/cm for TM polarized light in the 5.15-5.4 μm wavelength range are reported. A 200 GHz channel spacing 5-channel AWG with an insertion loss/crosstalk of 2.5/3.1 dB and 20/16 dB for TE and TM polarization, respectively, is demonstrated.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Active Catalyst for Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions: Room‐Temperature Suzuki Couplings and Amination of Unactivated Aryl Chlorides. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Quantification of bone ingrowth into porous block hydroxyapatite in humans (1999)

This study sought to quantify bone ingrowth from a single bone-implant surface into porous block hydroxyapatite used in maxillofacial applications. Seventeen maxillary hydroxyapatite implants (implant time of 4-138 months, 39-month mean) were harvested for analysis from 14 patients. The implants had been placed into the lateral maxillary wall during orthognathic surgery, juxtapositioned to the maxillary sinus. Ingrowth was measured in 100-microm increments from a bone-implant interface to a depth of 1500 microm. Bone ingrowth averaged over the 14 patients (0-1100 microm depth) is described by the equation % ingrowth - 20% * (depth in millimeters) + 41.25% (R2 = 0.98, n = 10 incremental depths). Beyond 1100 microm, the average ingrowth remained constant at 15.0 +/- 0.7%. The duration of implantation also showed as affect on the percent ingrowth into the implants at the incremental depths, and the percent ingrowth asymptotically approached a maximum. Overall, the composite average data from all depths is best described by the logarithmic function % ingrowth = 15% * ln(implantation time in months) - 24.0% (R2 = 0.71, n = 14 patients). Several factors may come into play in determining bone ingrowth including the mechanical environment, the osteoconductivity of the implant material, and the osteogenic capability of the tissues in the pore spaces. Measurements of bone ingrowth are most influenced by the depth into the implant and the time the implant was in the body; the age of the patient had little affect on bone ingrowth.
MRP8, A New Member of ABC Transporter Superfamily, Identified by EST Database Mining and Gene Prediction Program, Is Highly Expressed in Breast Cancer (2001)

The selective expression of MRP8 (ABCC11), a new member of ATP-binding cassette transporter superfamily could be a molecular target for the treatment of breast cancer.
Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Direct Methylation of Primary and Secondary Aromatic Amines Using Carbon Dioxide and Molecular Hydrogen (2013)

The effective catalytic N-methylation of anilines using CO2 as C1 source and molecular hydrogen as reducing agent was demonstrated using the well-defined [Ru(triphos)(tmm)] catalyst. Secondary and primary (shown) aromatic amines were mono- or dialkylated, respectively, in high yields. N-methylation of amides coupled with the amide hydrogenation offers an efficient approach to unsymmetrical tertiary methyl/alkyl/aromatic amines. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Ge-on-Si integrated photonics: New tricks from an old semiconductor (2010)

We review recent progress in Ge active photonic devices for electronic-photonic integration on Si, demonstrating new tricks in optoelectronics from this “old” semiconductor material used for the first transistor more than 60 years ago.
Integrated Bioactive Scaffold with Polydeoxyribonucleotide and Stem-Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Kidney Regeneration (2021)

Kidney tissue engineering and regeneration approaches offer great potential for chronic kidney disease treatment, but kidney tissue complexity imposes an additional challenge in applying regenerative medicine for renal tissue regeneration. In this study, a porous pneumatic microextrusion (PME) composite scaffold consisting of poly(lactic-<i>co</i>-glycolic acid) (PLGA, P), magnesium hydroxide (MH, M), and decellularized porcine kidney extracellular matrix (kECM, E) is functionalized with bioactive compounds, polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN), and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)/interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-primed mesenchymal stem-cell-derived extracellular vesicles (TI-EVs) to improve the regeneration and maintenance of a functional kidney tissue. The combination of PDRN and TI-EVs showed a significant synergistic effect in regenerative processes including cellular proliferation, angiogenesis, fibrosis, and inflammation. In addition, the PME/PDRN/TI-EV scaffold induced an effective glomerular regeneration and restoration of kidney function compared to the existing PME scaffold in a partial nephrectomy mouse model. Therefore, such an integrated bioactive scaffold that combines biochemical cues from PDRN and TI-EVs and biophysical cues from a porous PLGA scaffold containing MH and kECM can be used as an advanced tissue engineering platform for kidney tissue regeneration.
Rapid three-dimensional quantification of voxel-wise collagen fiber orientation (2015)

Defining fiber orientation at each voxel within a 3D biomedical image stack is potentially useful for a variety of applications, including cancer, wound healing and tissue regeneration. Current methods are typically computationally intensive or inaccurate. Herein, we present a 3D weighted orientation vector summation algorithm, which is a generalization of a previously reported 2D vector summation technique aimed at quantifying collagen fiber orientations simultaneously at each voxel of an image stack. As a result, voxel-wise fiber orientation information with 4° to 5° accuracy can be determined, and the computational time required to analyze a typical stack with the size of 512x512x100 voxels is less than 5 min. Thus, this technique enables the practical extraction of voxel-specific orientation data for characterizing structural anisotropy in 3D specimens. As examples, we use this approach to characterize the fiber organization in an excised mouse mammary gland and a 3D breast tissue model.
Supplemental Figure 4 from M-COPA, a Golgi Disruptor, Inhibits Cell Surface Expression of MET Protein and Exhibits Antitumor Activity against MET-Addicted Gastric Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;The effect of M-COPA on cell surface expression of BCRP1 and P-glycoprotein (MDR1).&lt;/p&gt;
The Complexity of Connectivity in Wireless Networks (2006)

We define and study the scheduling complexity in wireless networks, which expresses the theoretically achievable efficiency of MAC layer protocols. Given a set of communication requests in arbitrary networks, the scheduling complexity describes the amount of time required to successfully schedule all requests. The most basic and important network structure in wireless networks being connectivity, we study the scheduling complexity of connectivity, i.e., the minimal amount of time required until a connected structure can be scheduled. In this paper, we prove that the scheduling complexity of connectivity grows only polylogarithmically in the number of nodes. Specifically, we present a novel scheduling algorithm that successfully schedules a strongly connected set of links in time O(logn) even in arbitrary worst-case networks. On the other hand, we prove that standard MAC layer or scheduling protocols can perform much worse. Particularly, any protocol that either employs uniform or linear (a node’s transmit power is proportional to the minimum power required to reach its intended receiver) power assignment has a Ω(n) scheduling complexity in the worst case, even for simple communication requests. In contrast, our polylogarithmic scheduling algorithm allows many concurrent transmission by using an explicitly formulated non-linear power assignment scheme. Our results show that even in large-scale worst-case networks, there is no theoretical scalability problem when it comes to scheduling transmission requests, thus giving an interesting complement to the more pessimistic bounds for the capacity in wireless networks. All results are based on the physical model of communication, which takes into account that the signal-tonoise plus interference ratio (SINR) at a receiver must be above a certain threshold if the transmission is to be received correctly.
Table S8 from The Lipogenic Regulator SREBP2 Induces Transferrin in Circulating Melanoma Cells and Suppresses Ferroptosis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S8&lt;/p&gt;
Maximizing the Performance of a 3D Printed Heat Sink by Accounting for Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity During Filament Deposition (2019)

Newly developed high thermal conductivity polymer composite 3D printing filaments are used to characterize the thermal properties as a function of print orientation. The thermal conductivity of a printed part is anisotropic and varies by 2-6 times depending on the print direction - demonstrating higher conductivity in the deposition direction (in-plane) than in the two directions perpendicular to the deposition direction (cross-plane and through-plane). Therefore, deposition path planning greatly affects the overall heat dissipation rate and the performance of the heat sink. Traditionally, 3D printing slicers generate deposition paths based solely on geometric constraints. This work investigates a new approach of deposition path planning assisted by computational predictions of the heat sink thermal performance. The proposed approach uses a thermal simulation of a 3D-printed part, accounting for the anisotropic thermal properties, and the orientation of the local material properties are assigned based on the deposition path in multiple print orientations. The performances predicted via the simulations are compared, and the optimal deposition path is determined. For the highest thermal conductivity 3D printing filament (~ 12 W/m- K in-plane), a heat sink printed with the print direction parallel to the fins z-axis had ~20% improved performance in comparison to a heat sink with print direction perpendicular to the fins z-axis. Moreover, a plastic 3D printed heat sink was able to perform within 7% of an extruded Aluminum heat sink with similar geometry under natural convection. The computational predictions show the same trend as experimental measurements using 3D printed heat sinks.
LDRD final report : combinatorial optimization with demands. (2012)

Abstract Not Provided
Stimulated Brillouin scattering suppression with a chirped laser seed: comparison of dynamical model to experimental data (2014)

When scaling CW single-mode fiber amplifiers to high power, the first nonlinear limitation that appears for narrowlinewidth seed lasers is stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS). We present a dynamical simulation of Brillouin scattering in a Yb-doped fiber amplifier that numerically solves the differential equations in z and t describing the laser, Stokes and pump waves, the inversion, and the density fluctuations that seed the scattering process. We compare the model to experimental data, and show that a linearly chirped seed laser is an efficient form of SBS suppression; especially for long delivery fibers. The frequency chirp decreases the interaction length by chirping through the Brillouin resonance in a time that is short compared to the fiber transit time. The seed has a highly linear chirp of 10<sup>14</sup> – 10<sup>16</sup> Hz/s at 1064 nm which preserves a well-defined phase relationship in time. This method of SBS suppression retains a long effective coherence length for purposes of coherent combining, while at high chirps appears to the SBS as a large linewidth, increasing the threshold. An increase in fiber length increases the laser bandwidth as seen by the SBS, leading to a fiberlength- independent SBS threshold.
Modeling of catalytic char gasification (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTModeling of catalytic char gasificationSebastian Reyes and Klavs F. JensenCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundamen. 1984, 23, 2, 223–229Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i100014a015https://doi.org/10.1021/i100014a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views159Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Coagulation factors directly cleave SARS-CoV-2 spike and enhance viral entry (2021)

Coagulopathy is a significant aspect of morbidity in COVID-19 patients. The clotting cascade is propagated by a series of proteases, including factor Xa and thrombin. While certain host proteases, including TMPRSS2 and furin, are known to be important for cleavage activation of SARS-CoV-2 spike to promote viral entry in the respiratory tract, other proteases may also contribute. Using biochemical and cell-based assays, we demonstrate that factor Xa and thrombin can also directly cleave SARS-CoV-2 spike, enhancing viral entry. A drug-repurposing screen identified a subset of protease inhibitors that promiscuously inhibited spike cleavage by both transmembrane serine proteases as well as coagulation factors. The mechanism of the protease inhibitors nafamostat and camostat may extend beyond inhibition of TMPRSS2 to coagulation-induced spike cleavage. Anticoagulation is critical in the management of COVID-19, and early intervention could provide collateral benefit by suppressing SARS-CoV-2 viral entry. We propose a model of positive feedback whereby infection-induced hypercoagulation exacerbates SARS-CoV-2 infectivity.
Simulation of UHF indoor radio channels for open-plan building environments (2002)

A software channel simulator for UHF indoor radio channels in open-plan buildings is introduced. The simulator is based on wideband statistical models of individual multipath component amplitudes and delays. The simulator creates closely spaced channel impulse responses for both line-of-sight (LOS) and obstructed (OBS) topographies. The effects of transmitter-receiver (T-R) distance and the correlation of individual multipath component amplitudes over time and space are incorporated in the simulation. the simulator has been extended to yield narrowband fading over small distances by synthesizing the phases of multipath components. Multipath power delay profiles, RMS delay spread distributions, and narrowband fading distributions produced by the simulator accurately portray typical radio channels in a variety of open-plan building environments.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Ultraviolet Photodissociation Induced by Light‐Emitting Diodes in a Planar Ion Trap (2016)

The first application of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) mass spectrometry is reported. LEDs provide a compact, low cost light source and have been incorporated directly into the trapping cell of an Orbitrap mass spectrometer. MS/MS efficiencies of over 50 % were obtained using an extended irradiation period, and UVPD was optimized by modulating the ion trapping parameters to maximize the overlap between the ion cloud and the irradiation volume.
Semantic based categorization, browsing and retrieval in medical image databases (2003)

Content-based retrieval (CBIR) methods in medical databases have been designed to support specific tasks, such as retrieval of digital mammograms or 3D MRI images. These methods cannot be transferred to other medical applications since different imaging modalities require different types of processing. To enable content-based queries in diverse collections of medical images, the retrieval system must be familiar with the current image class prior to the query processing. We describe a novel approach for the automatic categorization of medical images according to their modalities. We propose a semantically based set of visual features, their relevance and organization for capturing the semantics of different imaging modalities. The features are used in conjunction with a new categorization metric, enabling "intelligent" annotation, browsing/searching of medical databases. Our algorithm provides basic semantic knowledge about the image, and may serve as a front-end to the domain specific medical image analysis methods. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, we have designed and implemented an Internet portal for browsing/querying online medical databases, and applied it to a large number of images. Our results demonstrate that accurate categorization can be achieved by exploiting the important visual properties of each modality.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Clinical and Antitumor Immune Responses in Relapsed/Refractory Follicular Lymphoma Patients after Intranodal Injections of IFNα-Dendritic Cells and Rituximab: a Phase I Clinical Trial (2023)

&lt;p&gt;CT-PET scan showing clinical response of Pt#3&lt;/p&gt;
High resolution phosphor screening method for full-color field emission display applications (2000)

A polyvinyl alcohol-slurry screening technology of phosphors was studied for field emission displays with a resolution up to supervideo graphics adapter. Phosphor lines were successfully patterned as narrow as 25 μm on 6 in. glass substrates. Process conditions such as spin coating speeds, exposure time, and shadow mask layout for photolithography were related to thickness and line resolutions of phosphor. Luminance characteristics of phosphors were optimized in terms of firing processes. For ZnS:Cu, Al, ZnS:Ag, Cl, and Y2O3:Eu phosphors, the firing temperature was optimized to be 400 °C. The nitrogen ambient during the cooling process improves the stability of phosphor surface.
Designer spin systems via inverse statistical mechanics (2013)

In this work, we extend recent inverse statistical-mechanical methods developed for many-particle systems to the case of spin systems. For simplicity, we focus in this initial study on the two-state Ising model with radial spin-spin interactions of finite range (i.e., extending beyond nearest-neighbor sites) on the square lattice under periodic boundary conditions. Our interest herein is to find the optimal set of shortest-range pair interactions within this family of Hamiltonians, whose corresponding ground state is a targeted spin configuration such that the difference in energies between the energetically closest competitor and the target is maximized. For an exhaustive list of competitors, this optimization problem is solved exactly using linear programming. The possible outcomes for a given target configuration can be organized into the following three solution classes: unique (nondegenerate) ground state (class I), degenerate ground states (class II), and solutions not contained in the previous two classes (class III). We have chosen to study a general family of striped-phase spin configurations comprised of alternating parallel bands of up and down spins of varying thicknesses and a general family of rectangular block checkerboard spin configurations with variable block size, which is a generalization of the classic antiferromagnetic Ising model. Our findings demonstrate that the structurally anisotropic striped phases, in which the thicknesses of up- and down-spin bands are equal, are unique ground states for isotropic short-ranged interactions. By contrast, virtually all of the block checkerboard targets are either degenerate or fall within class III solutions. The degenerate class II spin configurations are identified up to a certain block size. We also consider other target spin configurations with different degrees of global symmetries and order. Our investigation reveals that the solution class to which a target belongs depends sensitively on the nature of the target radial spin-spin correlation function. In the future, it will be interesting to explore whether such inverse statistical-mechanical techniques could be employed to design materials with desired spin properties.