gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dual capacitor technique for measurement of through-plane modulus of thin polymer films (2000)

Polymer thin films are widely used as coatings and interlevel dielectrics in microelectronic applications. In thin-film structures, stresses are generated due to interaction with adjacent layers and film shrinkage due to solvent evaporation or curing. This causes polymer chain orientation resulting in anisotropic (direction dependent) film properties. The dual capacitor technique has been developed to measure in situ, the through-plane (z) stress-strain behavior of thin polymer films. A parallel plate capacitor device and an interdigitated electrode structure were used as sensors to detect changes in dielectric permittivity and thickness of thin polymer films under compression. The analytical and finite element models used to interpret the capacitance measurements have been presented. The Clausius–Mossotti equation was used to determine the volume change in the film from the permittivity measurements. Results have been reported for 10–14 μm thick, Cyclotene 4026-46 benzocyclobutene films and 10–12 μm thick films of polyimide PI-2611. The Cyclotene 4026-46 films were found to be mechanically isotropic, whereas the PI-2611 films were highly anisotropic. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 38: 1634–1644, 2000
ChemInform Abstract: PICTET‐SPENGLER CONDENSATIONS IN REFLUXING BENZENE (1976)

Abstract In einem wasserfreien System, z.B. siedendem Benzol, können unter den Bedingungen der Pictet‐Spengler‐Reaktion entsprechende Tetrahydro‐β‐carboline auch in Abwesenheit von Säure und auch mit säurelabilen Aldehyden erhalten werden.
Adaptive motion-artifact reduction in capacitive ECG measurements by using the power-line interference (2018)

Capacitive electrodes can be employed for noninvasive electrocardiography (ECG) measurements; they are especially suitable for long-term ambulatory monitoring. However, capacitive electrodes are very sensitive to motion artifacts (MAs) due to variable coupling distance. Adaptive filtering has been widely used for optimal MA reduction in biopotential measurements. Unfortunately, the existing adaptive-filtering methods require a reference signal recorded by additional sensors, limiting their applicability in ambulatory settings. In the present study, a novel adaptive MA removal method is proposed where the reference signal is extracted from the power-line interference (PLI). PLI usually appears in ECG measurements due to unbalanced electrode impedance. Movement of the electrodes causes not only MAs but also variations in the PLI. Demodulation of the PLI may, therefore, represent a reference signal reflecting the sensor movement for adaptive MA removal by signal decorrelation. Preliminary validation on both simulation and real data showed effective MA removal by the proposed adaptive filter, possibly leading to improved analysis of capacitive ECG signals in ambulatory settings.
Iron Deficiency in Pregnancy and Postpartum (2023)

Michael Auerbach is from the Department of Medicine at Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC. Malcolm G. Munro is from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California; email: [email protected]. Financial Disclosure Michael Auerbach reported the following: Covis Pharma—research funding for data management only; Pharmacosmos—funding for educational, non-promotional programs. Malcolm G. Munro reported the following: Pharmacosmos—grant unrestricted; Pharmacosmos—consulting; AbbVie—consulting; Myovant—consultant; Shield Pharma—consultant; American Regent—consultant; Vifor—consultant; Daiichi-Sankyo—consultant and speaker.
Headache relief after anterior cervical discectomy: post hoc analysis of a randomized investigational device exemption trial (2014)

Most patients with symptomatic cervical spondylosis have headache as a preoperative symptom (88%). Anterior cervical discectomy with both arthroplasty and arthrodesis is associated with a durable decrease in headache. Headache relief is not related to the level of operation. The mechanism for headache reduction remains unclear.
Laboratory Evaluation of bicarbonate Powders as Fire Suppressants (1997)

The Combustion Dynamics Section of the Navy Technology Center for Safety and Survivability is actively involved in addressing US Navy needs for fire protection, concentrating on the effectiveness of current and future fire extinguishing agents, with the responsibility to recommend and help design Navy shipboard total flooding fire suppression systems. We are currently examining several replacement agents and alternative suppression technologies including the use of aerosols and powders. This paper describes recent collaborative work with Kidde International on the flame extinction properties of various bicarbonate powders. We have examined the concentration of bicarbonate powders required to extinguish both laboratory counterflow propane-air diffusion flames and small obscured n-heptane pan fires. Extinction information as a function of powder composition and size has been obtained. Within experimental uncertainty, smaller particles were more effective than larger ones. Potassium bicarbonate was more effective than sodium bicarbonate for each particle size studies. Similar dependence on size and powder composition was observed in both the counterflow diffusion flame and small chamber pan fire tests. Powder extinction data are given as well as implications of the findings.
Characterization of SRAM sense amplifier input offset for yield prediction in 28nm CMOS (2011)

Random variations play a critical role in determining SRAM yield, by affecting both the bitcell and the read sense amplifiers (SA). In this work, a process control monitor for SRAM SA offset is proposed and implemented in 28nm LP CMOS technology. The monitor provides accurate measurement of SA offset from a large sample size and accounts for all proximity effects that may affect the SA offset. The all-digital design of the monitor makes it adequate for low voltage testing, high speed data collection, and ease of migration to newer technologies. Detailed measurement results are provided for two of the most commonly used sense amplifiers at different supply and temperature conditions. Statistical yield estimation using the measured sense amplifier offset shows good correlation with measured yield for a 512Kb SRAM. The monitor is a critical part of SRAM silicon yield validation, which is becoming of increasing importance with technology scaling, and the significant increase in random variations.
Temperature and Strain Sensing With Femtosecond Laser Written Bragg Gratings in Defect and Nondefect Suspended-Silica-Core Fibers (2012)

The spectral behavior in the C-band of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) was analyzed as a function of temperature and strain. The FBGs were fabricated in pure silica four-leaf-clover-shaped suspended-core fibers by (DUV) femtosecond laser exposure (3.6 W at 800 nm, 130 fs, 1 kHz frequency tripled to 350 fs, 650 mW at 267 nm). A defect fiber (with a hollow hole in the core) and nondefect fiber were compared both yielding ≈1 pm/με sensitivity to strain but different sensitivity to temperature (from 3.0 pm/°C to 8.4 pm/°C for the defect fiber and 10 pm/°C for the nondefect fiber). The 16% to 70% relative difference between the thermal coefficients of the two fibers, together with their similar strain sensitivity enables the simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature.
STATUS OF NON-CONTACT HANDHELD IMAGER FOR REFLECTIVE PARTICLE TAGS. (2014)

Abstract not provided.
Generating a synthetic video dataset (2010)

A synthetic video dataset, scenario, and task were included in the 2009 VAST Challenge, to allow participants an opportunity to demonstrate visual analytic tool use on video data. This is the first time a video challenge had been presented as part of the VAST contest and provided interesting challenges in task and dataset development, video analytic tool development, and metrics for judging entries. We describe the considerations and requirements for generation of a usable challenge, the video creation itself, and some submissions and assessments from that mini-challenge.
Position/force control with a frequency-based switch for robots interacting with a compliant environment (1999)

Position/force control coordination can be achieved in many ways. This paper looks at different control coordination strategies, and the possible effects of transition from free to constrained motion. In hybrid position/force controllers for example, position and force controlled directions are separated and explicitly controlled. A selection matrix switches position and force control modes accordingly. Another approach based on the accommodation strategy allows for explicit position and force control without using any sensor dependent switch. It can be seen that an element in the accommodation control could be regarded as a frequency-based switch. A generalization can be written for this class of controllers. A single link robot example is given to illustrate the characteristics of this class of structure.
A 30-MHz-to-3-GHz CMOS array receiver with frequency and spatial interference filtering for adaptive antenna systems (2016)

A 30-MHz-to-3-GHz wideband CMOS phased array receiver with interference suppression capability in frequency and spatial domains is presented. A frequency filtering function is provided by a 16-phase, two-stage harmonic rejection mixer which also works as a 5-bit phase shifter in multi-chip phased array systems. Equipped with 6-bit amplitude control in addition to the phase, the array receiver enables analog null steering that can reduce a spatial interferer coming from a specific direction. The developed IC achieves more than 55-dB suppression of harmonic interference in the wide range from 30 MHz to 3 GHz. The multiple ICs configure a four-element adaptive array system for the measurement of space propagation. It is confirmed that the null steering function reduces spatial interference by 20 dB and improves an EVM from -12.7 dB to -26.3 dB even when a strong interferer exists.
Tropomyosin-induced arthritis in rats. (2008)

The data indicates that alpha-TPM serves as an autoantigen to induce acute and chronic destructive arthritis in rats. This model is a TNF-alpha dependent autoimmune disease, with a Th1 cytokine profile.
Synergistic Antiviral Effects of Metal Oxides and Carbon Nanotubes (2022)

In this research, the synergistic antiviral effects of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and metal oxides (MO) in the form of novel hybrid structures (MO-CNTs) are presented. Raw CNTs, Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub>, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and MnO<sub>2</sub>, as well as Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub>-CNT, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-CNT and MnO<sub>2</sub>-CNT were explored in this study against <i>Escherichia. coli</i> MS2 bacteriophage, which was used as a virus surrogate. The nano particles were synthesized and characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), particle size analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Kinetic parameters such as the LD<sub>50</sub> (lethal dose to kill 50% of the population), T<sub>50</sub> and T<sub>80</sub> (time taken to kill 50% and 80% of the population), SGR (specific growth rate) and IRD (initial rate of deactivation of the population) were also studied to examine the antiviral efficacy of these nanomaterials. Among all the nanomaterials, Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub>-CNT was the most effective antiviral agent followed by Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-CNT, MnO<sub>2</sub>-CNT, raw CNTs, Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub>, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and MnO<sub>2</sub>. When comparing the metal oxide-CNTs to the raw CNTs, the average enhancement was 20.2%. The average antiviral activity enhancement of the MO-CNTs were between 50 and 54% higher than the MO itself. When compared to the raw CNTs, the average enhancement over all the MO-CNTs was 20.2%. The kinetic studies showed that the LD<sub>50</sub> of Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub>-CNT was the lowest (16µg/mL), which implies that it was the most toxic of all the compounds studied. The LD<sub>50</sub> of Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub>, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and MnO<sub>2</sub> were 17.3×, 14.5× and 10.8× times greater than their corresponding hybrids with the CNTs. The synergistic mechanism involved the entrapment of phage viruses by the nano structured CNTs leading to structural damage along with toxicity to phage from the release of MO ions. The metal oxide-CNT nano hybrids developed in this project are promising candidates in applications such as antiviral coatings, nanocomposites, adsorbents and as components of personal protection gears.
D-dimer Thresholds to Exclude Pulmonary Embolism among COVID-19 Patients in the Emergency Department: Derivation with Independent Validation (2022)

A D-dimer cutoff of <u><</u>2 μ/ml was associated with a high negative predictive value for PE among patients with COVID-19. However, the resultant sensitivity for PE result at that threshold without pre-test probability assessment would be considered clinically unsafe.
Quality of life in Chinese patients with inflammatory bowel disease: validation of the Chinese translation of the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (2003)

The Chinese Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire is a valid and reliable test that correlates well with the patients' subjective well-being and clinical disease activity.
An efficient stereospecific total synthesis of (.+-.)-anisomycin and related new synthetic antibiotics (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn efficient stereospecific total synthesis of (.+-.)-anisomycin and related new synthetic antibioticsDoris P. Schumacher and Stan S. HallCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 22, 6076–6080Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00386a039https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00386a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views656Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
RNA toxicity and perturbation of rRNA processing in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (2021)

Abstract BACKGROUND Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by expansion of a CAG repeat in Ataxin-2 ( ATXN2 ) gene. The mutant ATXN2 protein with a polyglutamine tract is known to be toxic and contributes to the SCA2 pathogenesis. OBJECTIVE Here we tested the hypothesis that the mutant ATXN2 transcript with an expanded CAG repeat ( expATXN2 ) is also toxic and contributes to SCA2 pathogenesis. METHODS The toxic effect of expATXN2 transcripts on SK-N-MC neuroblastoma cells and primary mouse cortical neurons was evaluated by caspase 3/7 activity and nuclear condensation assay, respectively. RNA immunoprecipitation assay was performed to identify RNA binding proteins (RBPs) that bind to expATXN2 RNA. Quantitative PCR was used to examine if rRNA processing is disrupted in SCA2 and Huntington disease (HD) human brain tissue. RESULTS expATXN2 RNA induces neuronal cell death, and aberrantly interacts with RBPs involved in RNA metabolism. One of the RBPs, transducin β-like protein 3 (TBL3), involved in rRNA processing, binds to both expATXN2 and expanded huntingtin ( expHTT ) RNA in vitro . rRNA processing is disrupted in both SCA2 and HD human brain tissue. CONCLUSION These findings provide the first evidence of a contributory role of expATXN2 transcripts in SCA2 pathogenesis, and further support the role expHTT transcripts in HD pathogenesis. The disruption of rRNA processing, mediated by aberrant interaction of RBPs with expATXN2 and expHTT transcripts, suggest a point of convergence in the pathogeneses of repeat expansion diseases with potential therapeutic implications.
Quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis of cation-substituted polyaromatic compounds as potentiators (amplifiers) of bleomycin-mediated degradation of DNA (1991)

A set of 21 polyheteroaromatic compounds substituted with flexible cationic groups and of similar molecular size has been analyzed for binding with DNA and for effects of the bleomycin-mediated degradation of the DNA double helix. Increases in apparent rates of the DNA digestion were observed in all cases under the experimental conditions of noncompetitive binding of these compounds and bleomycin to DNA. Surprisingly, the quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis revealed two distinct correlations despite close structural similarities for the set of bleomycin amplifiers. These unusual results are explained in terms of the formation of two stereochemically different ternary complexes of activated bleomycin-DNA-amplifier. The relevance of this finding for the design of new bleomycin amplifiers is discussed.
Premiers signalements d’Otidea caligata (Nyl.) Sacc. (Ascomycota, Pezizales) en France (2011)

The first French gatherings of Otidea caligata (Nyl.) Sacc., a species growing under spruces, are signaled. A detailed description and illustrations are given in this note. This taxon was not registered outside Scandinavia, but it has been probably gathered somewhere else in Europe and named O. abietina. The question of its synonymy with O. cantharella is also discussed
CMOS Transistors under Uniaxial Stress on Ultra-Thin Chips for Applications in Bendable Image Sensors (2012)

In this work characteristics of CMOS transistors on ultra-thin silicon chips embedded into a polyimide foil are discussed. The thinning and the encapsulation processes are presented and the piezoresistive coefficients of both n- and pMOS transistors are experimentally determined. Moreover, the dependence of the threshold voltage and subthreshold slope on uniaxial tensile and compressive stress is examined. Keywords - flexible ultra-thin silicon chips; uniaxial stress; bending machine;piezoresistance; chip-in-foil
Effect of Cocos nucifera Oil in the Management of Post-denture Insertion Mucosal Changes: A Cross-sectional Survey (2021)

In addition, it has a pleasant taste. Antimicrobial property of C. nucifera oil was effective against C. albicans and Streptococcus in an in vitro biofilm model. Antiseptic properties can be safely used as moisturizer and also as an emollient. C. nucifera oil has healing properties and is commonly used for mouth ulcers. As it does have a beneficial effect, it becomes essential to find a suitable cost-effective remedy for the management of acute and chronic
Highly Multiplexed Profiling of Low Abundance Tumor Mutations in Plasma. (2013)

We have demonstrated a novel somatic mutation enrichment methodology demonstrating multiplexed detection of tumor mutations in plasma with sensitivity as low as 0.01% compared to normal DNA.
Resist Alternatives for Sub-0.35-μm Lithography Using Highly Attenuated Radiation (1992)

Traditional optical lithography uses semitransparent single-layer resists where the exposing radiation produces a latent image throughout the thickness of the resist, and an isotropic liquid-based development step is used to create the desired resist profile. However, resolution of 0.25-μm or better, which is required for 256 Mbit DRAM chips and beyond, cannot be obtained with conventional photolithographic technology (250-400 nm wavelength). Shorter wavelengths are required, such as 193-nm (DUV-193), soft-X- ray (10-50 nm) or hard-X-ray (1-2 nm) radiation. Unfortunately, between the wavelengths of 10 and 220 nm few materials are semitransparent For example, at 193 nm novolac resins commonly used at longer wavelengths have an absorption depth of only 40 nm, and at the 13-nm wavelength it is 400 nm. New resist processes capable of accommodating a latent image confined to the near-surface region must therefore be developed. The lithographic process must now include an additional processing step, namely pattern transfer into the bulk of the resist. This step must be highly anisotropic so that the pattern in the surface layer is faithfully reproduced at the resist-substrate interface. These general considerations were outlined already in 1984 by Taylor et al.[1]. They apply also to other forms of strongly absorbed radiation such as ion beams. (For instance, a 30 keV Ga + beam has a projected range of only 34 nm in photoresist.) Today, surface imaging processes have been demonstrated not only for soft X-ray projection (SXP) [2] and deep ultraviolet (DUV) lithographies [3], but are being considered for manufacturing processes at optical wavelengths as well [4]. In this paper we review some of the recent developments in the areas of surface imaging and multilayer resists, with emphasis on application to 193-nm lithography. It should be noted, however, that some of the reviewed resist concepts may be applicable to SXP lithography as well.
A paradigm shift in the construction of heterobimetallic complexes: Synthesis of group 2 & 4 metal–calix[6]arene complexes (2004)

Deprotonation of calix[6]arenes with barium in methanol followed by the addition of [Ti(OPr(i))(4)] or [Zr(OBu(n))(4)] is effective in the formation of novel dimeric 2:1 barium-titanium(IV)/zirconium(IV) calix[6]arene complexes. In these complexes a central Ti(IV)/Zr(IV) coordinated in the exo-position connects the two calix[6]arenes in the 1,3-alternate conformation, each with an endo-barium sharing common phenolate groups with the titanium/zirconium centre and participating in cation-pi interactions. A homometallic barium calix[6]arene dimer was also prepared wherein the calix[6]arenes are in the 1,3-alternate conformation with each coordinating one endo- and one exo-barium centre. The exo-barium cations connect the two calix[6]arenes through bridging methanol ligands. In this and the heterometallic complexes, cation-pi complexation of the Ba(2+) ion within the 1,3 alternate conformation of calix[6]arene facilitates the formation of the dimeric complexes in methanol. In contrast, the smaller Sr(2+) ion did not form similar complexes in methanol, and the formation of an analogous 2:1 strontium-titanium calixarene complex required the use of the more sterically demanding donor alcohol, isopropanol, the resulting complex being devoid of cation-pi interaction. The results show (i) that a subtle interplay of solvation strength, coordination array type and cavity/cation size influences the accessibility of heterobimetallic complexes based on calix[6]arenes, and (ii) a synergistic endo-exo binding behaviour.