gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clandestine nanoelectromechanical tags for identification and authentication (2020)

The realization of truly unclonable identification and authentication tags is the key factor in protecting the global economy from an ever-increasing number of counterfeit attacks. Here, we report on the demonstration of nanoscale tags that exploit the electromechanical spectral signature as a fingerprint that is characterized by inherent randomness in fabrication processing. Benefiting from their ultraminiaturized size and transparent constituents, these clandestine nanoelectromechanical tags provide substantial immunity to physical tampering and cloning. Adaptive algorithms are developed for digital translation of the spectral signature into binary fingerprints. A large set of tags fabricated in the same batch is used to estimate the entropy of the corresponding fingerprints with high accuracy. The tags are also examined under repetitive measurements and temperature variations to verify the consistency of the fingerprints. These experiments highlight the potential of clandestine nanoelectromechanical tags for the realization of secure identification and authentication methodologies applicable to a wide range of products and consumer goods.
New Cobalt‐Bisterpyridyl Catalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (2017)

Abstract Preparation of a series of terpyridyl ligands bearing different substituents recently led to the synthesis of new cobalt‐bisterpyridyl complexes spanning over a wide range of redox potentials. In this work, we describe the catalytic properties of these complexes for the electroreduction of protons into hydrogen (hydrogen evolution reaction (HER)) in acetonitrile. The substituents of the ligands were found to greatly affect the catalytic performances of the systems, in terms of stability and overpotential. Interestingly, systems based on dimethylamino‐terpyridine derivatives perform HER with high efficiency, low overpotential and excellent stability. Density functional theory calculations were used to provide insights into the reaction mechanism of HER catalyzed by these systems, highlighting the role of the ligand for proton activation.
IL-15 Superagonist NAI in BCG-Unresponsive Non–Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer (2022)

BACKGROUND: Patients with Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG)–unresponsive non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) have limited treatment options. The immune cell–activating interleukin-15 (IL-15) superagonist Nogapendekin alfa inbakicept (NAI), also known as N-803, may act synergistically with BCG to elicit durable complete responses (CRs) in this patient population. METHODS: In this open-label, multicenter study, patients with BCG-unresponsive bladder carcinoma in situ (CIS) with or without Ta/T1 papillary disease were treated with intravesical NAI plus BCG (cohort A) or NAI alone (cohort C). Patients with BCG-unresponsive high-grade Ta/T1 papillary NMIBC also received NAI plus BCG (cohort B). The primary end point was the incidence of CR at the 3- or 6-month assessment visit for cohorts A and C, and the disease-free survival (DFS) rate at 12 months for cohort B. Durability, cystectomy avoidance, progression-free survival, disease-specific survival (DSS), and overall survival were secondary end points for cohort A. RESULTS: In cohort A, CR was achieved in 58 (71%) of 82 patients (95% confidence interval [CI]=59.6 to 80.3; median follow-up, 23.9 months), with a median duration of 26.6 months (95% CI=9.9 months to [upper bound not reached]). At 24 months in patients with CR, the Kaplan–Meier estimated probability of avoiding cystectomy and of DSS was 89.2% and 100%, respectively. In cohort B (n=72), the Kaplan–Meier estimated DFS rate was 55.4% (95% CI=42.0% to 66.8%) at 12 months, with median DFS of 19.3 months (95% CI=7.4 months to [upper bound not reached]). Most treatment-emergent adverse events for patients receiving BCG plus NAI were grade 1 to 2 (86%); three grade 3 immune-related treatment-emergent adverse events occurred. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with BCG-unresponsive bladder carcinoma in situ and papillary NMIBC treated with BCG and the novel agent NAI, CRs were achieved with a persistence of effect, cystectomy avoidance, and 100% bladder cancer–specific survival at 24 months. The study is ongoing, with an estimated target enrollment of 200 participants (Funded by ImmunityBio.)
Bringing hemodynamic simulations closer to the clinics: A CFD prototype study for intracranial aneurysms (2016)

Computational Fluid Dynamics enables the investigation of patient-specific hemodynamics for rupture predictions and treatment support of intracranial aneurysms. However, due to numerous simplifications to decrease the computations effort, clinical applicability is limited until now. To overcome this situation a clinical research software prototype was tested that can be easily operated by attending physicians. In order to evaluate the accuracy of this prototype, four patient-specific intracranial aneurysms were investigated using four different spatial resolutions. The results demonstrate that physicians were able to generate hemodynamic predictions within several minutes at low spatial resolution. However, depending on the parameter of interest and the desired accuracy, higher resolutions are required, which will lead to an increase of computational times that still look very attractive towards clinical usability. The study shows that the next step towards an applicable individualized therapy for patients harboring intracranial aneurysms can be done. However, further in vivo validations are required to guarantee realistic predictions in future studies.
Refracting surface plasmon polaritons with nanoparticle arrays (2008)

Refraction of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) by various structures formed by a 100-nm-period square lattice of gold nanoparticles on top of a gold film is studied by leakage radiation microscopy. SPP refraction by a triangular-shaped nanoparticle array indicates that the SPP effective refractive index increases inside the array by a factor of approximately 1.08 (for the wavelength 800 nm) with respect to the SPP index at a flat surface. Observations of SPP focusing and deflection by circularly shaped areas as well as SPP waveguiding inside rectangular arrays are consistent with the SPP index increase deduced from the SPP refraction by triangular arrays. The SPP refractive index is found to decrease slightly for longer wavelengths within the wavelength range of 700-860 nm. Modeling based on the Green's tensor formalism is in a good agreement with the experimental results, opening the possibility to design nanoparticle arrays for specific applications requiring in-plane SPP manipulation.
Frequency Domain Power Distribution Strategy for Series Hybrid Electric Vehicles (2012)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Electrification and hybridization have great potential for improving fuel economy and reducing visual signature or soot emissions in military vehicles. Specific challenges related to military applications include severe duty cycles, large and uncertain energy flows through the system and high thermal loads. A novel supervisory control strategy is proposed to simultaneously mitigate severe engine transients and to reduce high electric current in the battery without oversizing the battery. The described objectives are accomplished by splitting the propulsion power demand through filtering in the frequency domain. The engine covers only low frequency power demand profile while the battery covers high frequency components. In the proposed strategy, the separation filter is systematically designed to identify different frequency components with the consideration of fuel consumption, aggressive engine transients, and battery electric loads. The proposed strategy is implemented into the series HEV simulation framework to assess its effectiveness under various driving cycles. The results show that the proposed power distribution strategy dramatically reduces battery current peaks and aggressive engine transients while maintaining the fuel economy to a competitive level. Longer battery life under the proposed strategy compared to the baseline thermostatic SOC control is explicitly evaluated through cumulative fatigue/damage analysis. The proposed strategy provides more flexibility in HEV design/optimization and enables battery downsizing, due to the extended battery safety margin and the reduced severity of engine transients.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Spinal versus general anaesthesia in contemporary primary total knee arthroplasties (2022)

In the largest single institutional report to date, we found that spinal anaesthesia was associated with significantly lower OME use, lower risk of AMS, and lower overall 30- and 90-day readmissions following primary TKAs. Additionally, spinal anaesthesia was associated with reduced risk of any revision and any reoperation after accounting for numerous patient and operative factors. When possible and safe, spinal anaesthesia should be considered in primary TKAs.Cite this article: <i>Bone Joint J</i> 2022;104-B(11):1209-1214.
Abstract 2147: Synthetic lethality of VRK1 in VRK2-methylated cancers (2022)

Abstract Paralogs are a source of synthetic lethal interactions which lend themselves to novel bio-marker linked targeted therapeutics. From genome-wide essentiality measurements in over 900 cancer cell lines, we find VRK1 dependency in VRK2-methylated adult and pediatric gliomas and neuroblastomas. VRK2 methylation was mainly seen in IDH-mutant gliomas and H3.3-G34R-mutant DIPG. Knockout of VRK2 was able to sensitize cells to VRK1 knockout. Overexpression of kinase-active but not kinase inactive VRK2 rescued VRK1 knockout. Global phosphoproteomics in VRK1 and VRK2 knockout cells demonstrate increased phosphorylation of targets involved with DNA damage and decreased phosphorylation of nuclear membrane targets. VRK1 and VRK2 were found to phosphorylate BANF1, which is involved in nuclear membrane re-formation during mitosis. Taken together, we show that VRK1 is a viable target in VRK2-methylated adult and pediatric gliomas, and neuroblastomas. Citation Format: Jonathan So, Nathaniel Mabe, Bernhard Englinger, Jason Kwon, Brian Shim, Mariella Filbin, Kimberly Stegmaier, William Hahn. Synthetic lethality of VRK1 in VRK2-methylated cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 2147.
Supplementary Figure Legends from Androgen Deprivation Followed by Acute Androgen Stimulation Selectively Sensitizes AR-Positive Prostate Cancer Cells to Ionizing Radiation (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Legend for Supplementary Files 1-4&lt;/p&gt;
Design, Implementation and Evaluation of a Self-controlled, Sensor-reading Scorpion Robot using Ekahau Positioning System, Wireless MICA2 Motes and a Bluetooth Mulle (2006)

New state of the art technologies, that revolutionize their areas, emerges unceasingly. To sustain usability and continue evolving, these technologies should be subject to new ideas. This can be achieved in different ways, but one efficacious way is to synthesize technologies to reveal independent information about weaknesses and possible improvements. As an outcome, the need for compatibility can be analyzed, and new usage areas can be ascertained. In accordance, this thesis is an attempt to combine a robotic device with a positioning system for office spaces, various wireless sensors, and a small embedded system which communicates using Bluetooth.
A 590 µW, 106.6 dB SNDR, 24 kHz BW Continuous-Time Zoom ADC with a Noise-Shaping 4-bit SAR ADC (2022)

This paper presents a continuous-time zoom ADC for audio applications. It combines a 4-bit noise-shaping coarse SAR ADC and a fine delta-sigma modulator with a tail-resistor linearized OTA for improved linearity, energy efficiency, and handling of out-of-band interferers compared to previous designs. In 160 nm CMOS, the prototype chip occupies 0.36 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , achieves 107.2 dB SNR, 106.6 dB SNDR, and 107.3 dB dynamic range in a 24 kHz bandwidth while consuming 590 µW from a 1.8 V supply. This translates into a Schreier figure-of-merit (FoMs) of 183.4 dB and a FoM <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SNDR</inf> of 182.7 dB.
Simplified setup for high-resolution spectroscopy that uses ultrashort pulses (2003)

Using a broadband femtosecond laser and a simple optical setup, we demonstrate narrow-bandwidth-tunable excitation of vibrational modes in CCl4 and CHBr3 liquids. The resolution obtained is 80 times higher than the laser bandwidth. A pair of time-shifted, linearly chirped pulses is created by use of a high-order dispersion-compensated prism-interferometer setup. We use this pulse pair to selectively excite Raman-active transitions. Our setup represents a significant simplification with improved resolution, of previous approaches to the use of ultrashort pulses for chemically selective spectroscopy.
<title>Stochastic model-based approach for simultaneous restoration of multiple misregistered images</title> (1990)

In this paper, the problem of restoration of multiple misregistered, blurred and noisy images is considered. Motivation for this problem comes from the larger problem of construction of a high resolution restored image from the observed set of low-resolution images. The global approach is to decompose the problem into a sequence of sub-problems, namely registration, restoration and interpolation. The restoration problem is addressed here. For simultaneous restoration of the observed images, a parametric stochastic model for the image correlations is derived and used to obtain a linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) estimate of the original image at each sensor. The resulting restored low-resolution images are integrated to construct a single restored high resolution image. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed restoration scheme.
A high gain pattern reconfigurable antenna with simple structure (2016)

This paper presents a high gain pattern reconfigurable antenna with simple structure. The pattern reconfiguration is achieved by switching the feeding direction of the series-fed array antenna, and a few PIN diodes and divider is used in order to change the feeding direction. The antenna has corresponding three patterns with gains of 14.5 dBi, 17.0 dBi and 16.7 dBi. Compared to conventional reconfigurable antennas, the proposed antenna has simple structure and low profile, and can be expanded easily for higher gain.
Uncluttered Single-Image Visualization of Vascular Structures Using GPU and Integer Programming (2012)

Direct projection of 3D branching structures, such as networks of cables, blood vessels, or neurons onto a 2D image creates the illusion of intersecting structural parts and creates challenges for understanding and communication. We present a method for visualizing such structures, and demonstrate its utility in visualizing the abdominal aorta and its branches, whose tomographic images might be obtained by computed tomography or magnetic resonance angiography, in a single 2D stylistic image, without overlaps among branches. The visualization method, termed uncluttered single-image visualization (USIV), involves optimization of geometry. This paper proposes a novel optimization technique that utilizes an interesting connection of the optimization problem regarding USIV to the protein structure prediction problem. Adopting the integer linear programming-based formulation for the protein structure prediction problem, we tested the proposed technique using 30 visualizations produced from five patient scans with representative anatomical variants in the abdominal aortic vessel tree. The novel technique can exploit commodity-level parallelism, enabling use of general-purpose graphics processing unit (GPGPU) technology that yields a significant speedup. Comparison of the results with the other optimization technique previously reported elsewhere suggests that, in most aspects, the quality of the visualization is comparable to that of the previous one, with a significant gain in the computation time of the algorithm.
Supplementary Table S2 from Molecular Drivers of the Non–T-cell-Inflamed Tumor Microenvironment in Urothelial Bladder Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Mutations exclusive to non-T cell-inflamed bladder cancers&lt;/p&gt;
Full-chip Process Simulation for Silicon DRC (2000)

We have developed fast IC process simulation technique based on an empirical resist and etch models to compute the silicon image of designs as large as a full ULSI chip. The simulated silicon image is used to verify the correct electrical operation of the chip and its compliance to semiconductor manufacturing rules. This significantly reduces the manufacturing and development turn-aroundtime (TAT) by decreasing the number of costly and timeconsuming manufacturing test cycles. The basis of these techniques is a fast edge-based optical and process simulator. An edge-movement algorithm is used to compute the displacements of edge fragments in the original design, yielding an approximation to the silicon image. In this paper we will demonstrate the need for Silicon DRC, describe the simulation and image computation algorithms, and illustrate the usefulness of the technique on real circuits.
Real-time Probabilistic Coupled Ocean Physics-Acoustics Forecasting and Data Assimilation for Underwater GPS (2020)

The widely-used Global Positioning System (GPS) does not work underwater. This presents a severe limitation on the communication capabilities and deployment options for undersea assets such as AUVs and UUVs. To address this challenge, the Positioning System for Deep Ocean Navigation (POSYDON) program aims to develop an undersea system that provides omnipresent, robust positioning across ocean basins. To do so, it is critically important to accurately model sound waves and signals under diverse, and often uncertain, undersea environmental conditions. Probabilistic estimates of the four-dimensional variability of the fields of sound speed, salinity, temperature, and currents are thus needed. In this paper, we employ our MSEAS primitive-equation and error subspace data-assimilative ensemble ocean forecasting system during two realtime POSYDON sea exercises, one in winter 2017 and another in August 2018. We provide real-time high-resolution estimates of sound speed fields and their uncertainty, and describe the ocean conditions from submesoscales eddies and internal tides to warm core rings and larger-scale circulations. We verify our results against independent data of opportunity; in all cases, we show that our probabilistic forecasts demonstrate skill.
Probabilistic transcription of sung melody using a pitch dynamic model (2017)

Transcribing the singing voice into music notes is challenging due to pitch fluctuations such as portamenti and vibratos. This paper presents a probabilistic transcription method for monophonic sung melodies that explicitly accounts for these local pitch fluctuations. In the hierarchical Hidden Markov Model (HMM), an upper-level ergodic HMM handles the transitions between notes, and a lower-level left-to-right HMM handles the intra- and inter-note pitch fluctuations. The lower-level HMM employs the pitch dynamic model, which explicitly expresses the pitch curve characteristics as the observation likelihood over f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> and Δf <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> using a compact parametric distribution. A histogram-based tuning frequency estimation method, and some post-processing heuristics to separate merged notes and to allocate spuriously detected short notes, improve the note recognition performance. With model parameters that support intuitions about singing behavior, the proposed method obtained encouraging results when evaluated on a published monophonic sung melody dataset, and compared with state-of-the-art methods.
Clinical Cancer Advances 2021: ASCO's Report on Progress Against Cancer (2021)

First Page
Wideband and Directional Channel Characterization (2011)

This chapter discusses the wideband characterization of wireless channels, in other words, the delay dispersion (sometimes also called temporal dispersion), which is equivalent to frequency selectivity. We set up the system-theoretic description of propagation channels with both temporal variations and delay dispersion as linear time-variant systems. Time-variant impulse response, Zadeh???s time-variant transfer function, Doppler-variant impulse response (spreading function), and Doppler-variant transfer function are shown to be equivalent deterministic descriptions. Stochastic descriptions of the second-order statistics of LTV systems lead to correlation functions that depend on four variables; by introducing the wide-sense stationary uncorrelated scattering (WSSUS) assumption, the description is simplified to functions of two variables: delay cross power spectral density, time-frequency correlation function, and scattering function. Condensed descriptions (integrals or moments) of these quantities include the power delay profile, the rms delay spread, the maximum excess delay, the delay window, the interference quotient, coherence bandwidth, rms Doppler spread, and coherence time; they are defined and their interrelation is discussed. We then briefly describe the peculiarities of ultra-wideband (UWB) propagation channels. We then describe angular properties of wireless propagation: the double-directional impulse response describes direction of departure (DoD, also known as angle of departure, AoD) and direction of arrival (DoA, or angle of arrival AoA) of the multipath components. Corresponding stochastic descriptions include the double-directional delay power spectrum, from which the angular delay power spectrum (ADPS), angular power spectrum (APS), and angular spread can be derived. The section concludes by showing the relationship between th e transfer function matrix common in MIMO systems, and the double-directional impulse response.
ChemInform Abstract: FACILE AND REVERSIBLE CONVERSION OF AN AMMONIUM TETRAPHENYLBORATE SALT, FE(NO)2(PHP(OCH2CH2)2NH2+)2(BPH4‐)2, INTO AN AMINE‐TRIPHENYLBORANE ADDUCT, FE(NO)2(PHP(OCH2CH2)2N(H).BPH3)2 (1985)

Abstract Der orangefarbene Titelkomplex (II) kann sowohl aus dem Komplex (I) als auch aus dem bicyclischen Aminophosphan (III) und der Fe‐Verbindung (IV), hier über die Stufe des Trimetallkomplexes (V), synthetisiert werden.
Contamination rates of optical surfaces at 157 nm: impurities outgassed from construction materials and from photoresists (2003)

Photo-induced contamination rates on 157-nm optical surfaces have been studied in controlled experiments with contaminants containing fluorocarbon, sulfur and iodine. The compounds investigated represent species generated in controlled outgassing studies of common construction materials and photoresists used in 157 nm steppers. No photocontamination was measured for highly fluorinated alkanes and ethers on an anti-reflective coating, at levels exceeding 10 ppm. Photocontamination with sulfur based compounds was similar to the behavior observed with hydrocarbon based derivatives. Sulfur containing residues, even from oxidized precursors, are fully cleanable in oxygen, with cleaning rates scaling proportionally with the level of oxygen. In contrast, at elevated levels of oxygen, non-volatile iodate complexes can form from iodine based contaminants. Sulfonium salts should therefore be considered over iodonium species in photoacid generators in 157 nm photoresists. In addition to studying these new classes of compounds, cleaning rates of hydrocarbon residues in trace levels of water were also studied.