gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Die design by a void index in multi-pass drawing (2002)

Die design was optimized for suppressing the void growth in multi-pass drawing. The void index to evaluate the void fraction in multi-pass drawing was first proposed, based on the well-known equation to predict the fracture limit in cold working. Using finite element analysis, the influence of die geometries on the void index was investigated and dies were designed to have the effect of suppressing void with the least minimum die length. A series of experiments was then carried out to verify the validity of the numerical analysis. The densities of drawn bars were measured and voids in microstructures were observed to verify the validity of the proposed void index.
The Impact of Device Configuration on the Photon-Enhanced Negative Bias Thermal Instability of GaInZnO Thin Film Transistors (2010)

We investigated the effect of device configuration on the light-induced negative bias thermal instability of gallium indium zinc oxide transistors. The of back-channel-etch (BCE)-type transistors shifted by −3.5 V, and the subthreshold gate swing (SS) increased from 0.88 to 1.38 V/decade after negative bias illumination temperature stress for 3 h. However, etch-stopper-type devices exhibited small shifts of −0.8 V without degradation in the SS value. It is believed that the inferior instability of the BCE device is associated with the formation of an interfacial molybdenum (Mo) oxychloride layer, which occurs in the course of dry etching Mo using for source/drain patterning.
The effect of percutaneous coronary intervention on inflammatory response and endothelial progenitor cell recruitment (2008)

A robust rise in hs-CRP levels in our study suggests that PCI induced a potent inflammatory response. This combined with a proportional increase in the levels of EPCs and mild elevation in SDF1-alpha after PCI suggests the possibility that the potent inflammatory response induced by PCI may be associated with EPC recruitment.
Covalently Functionalized Carbon Nano-Onions Integrated Gelatin Methacryloyl Nanocomposite Hydrogel Containing γ-Cyclodextrin as Drug Carrier for High-Performance pH-Triggered Drug Release (2021)

Herein, poly (<i>n</i>-(4-aminophenyl) methacrylamide)) carbon nano-onions (PAPMA-CNOs = f-CNOs) and γ-cyclodextrin/DOX-complex (CD) reinforced gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)/f-CNOs/CD supramolecular hydrogel interfaces were fabricated using the photo-crosslinking technique. The physicochemical properties, morphology, biodegradation, and swelling properties of hydrogels were investigated. The composite hydrogels demonstrated enriched drug release under the acidic conditions (pH 4.5 = 99%, and pH 6.0 = 82%) over 18 days. Owing to the f-CNOs inclusion, GelMA/f-CNOs/CD supramolecular hydrogels presented augmented tensile strength (σ<sub>ult</sub> = 356.1 ± 3.4 MPa), toughness (K = 51.5 ± 0.24 Jg<sup>-1</sup>), and Young's modulus (E = 41.8 ± 1.4 GPa). The strengthening of GelMA/f-CNOs/CD hydrogel systems indicates its good dispersion and the degree of polymer enveloping of f-CNOs within GelMA matrixes. Furthermore, the obtained hydrogels showed improved cell viability with human fibroblast cells. Nevertheless, the primed supramolecular hydrogels would pave the way for the controlled delivery systems for future drug delivery.
Nerve growth factor infusion in the primate brain reduces lesion- induced cholinergic neuronal degeneration (1990)

NGF is a protein that promotes survival, differentiation, and process extension of selected neuronal populations during development and, in some cases, in the mature organism. Previous lesion and aging studies in the rat have shown that intracerebroventricular NGF infusions can prevent degenerative changes in basal forebrain cholinergic neurons. We sought to determine whether salutory effects of NGF occur in the primate brain. Cholinergic fibers of the septohippocampal projection in the primate were surgically transected, followed by infusion of either a vehicle or an NGF solution into the ventricular system for a 4-week period. Quantification of cholinergic neurons in the medial septal nucleus at the end of the infusion period demonstrated that only 45 +/- 5% of cholinergic neurons could be identified after fornix lesions in vehicle-infused animals, whereas 80 +/- 6% of neurons were visible in NGF-treated animals. Thus, NGF substantially reduced lesion-induced cholinergic neuronal degeneration in the adult primate brain. This finding may be relevant to the hypothesis that NGF has potential use as a cholinergic "neurotrophic-factor therapy," given that loss of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons is common in Alzheimer's disease.
Single-polarization single-mode photonic crystal fibers (2003)

A new structure of single-polarization single-mode (SPSM) photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is proposed and analyzed by using a full-vector finite element method with anisotropic perfectly matched layers. From the numerical results it is confirmed that the proposed fiber is low-loss SPSM-PCF within the wavelengths ranging from 1.48 to 1.6 μm, where only the slow-axis mode exists and the confinement loss is less than 0.1 dB/km.
A calculus of variations approach to file allocation problems in computer systems (1990)

This paper is concerned with the parameter optimization in closed product-form queueing networks. Our approach is to combine the techniques of the calculus of variations with the mean value analysis (MVA) recursion of closed queueing networks. We view the MVA recursion as nonlinear difference equations describing a multi-stage system, wherein a stage corresponds to the network population, and the response times at each node constitute the state variables of the multi-stage system. This viewpoint leads to a two-point boundary value problem , in which the forward system corresponds to the MVA recursion and the backward system corresponds to an MVA-like adjoint recursion. The method allows for a very general class of objective functions, and the adjoint equations provide the necessary information to compute the gradient of the cost function. The optimization problem can then be solved by any of the gradient-based methods. For the special case when the objective function is the network delay function, the gradient vector is shown to be related to the moments of the queue lengths. In addition, the adjoint vector offers the potential for the on-line adaptive control of queueing networks based on the state information (e.g., actual degree of multi-programming, response times at the devices.) The theory is illustrated via application to the problem of determining the optimal disk routing probabilities in a large scale, modern I/O (Input/Output) subsystem. A subsequent paper will deal with extensions of the theory to multi-class networks.
Hepatic tristetraprolin promotes insulin resistance through RNA destabilization of FGF21 (2018)

The role of posttranscriptional metabolic gene regulatory programs in diabetes is not well understood. Here, we show that the RNA-binding protein tristetraprolin (TTP) is reduced in the livers of diabetic mice and humans and is transcriptionally induced in response to insulin treatment in murine livers in vitro and in vivo. Liver-specific Ttp-KO (lsTtp-KO) mice challenged with high-fat diet (HFD) have improved glucose tolerance and peripheral insulin sensitivity compared with littermate controls. Analysis of secreted hepatic factors demonstrated that fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is posttranscriptionally repressed by TTP. Consistent with increased FGF21, lsTtp-KO mice fed HFD have increased brown fat activation, peripheral tissue glucose uptake, and adiponectin production compared with littermate controls. Downregulation of hepatic Fgf21 via an adeno-associated virus-driven shRNA in mice fed HFD reverses the insulin-sensitizing effects of hepatic Ttp deletion. Thus, hepatic TTP posttranscriptionally regulates systemic insulin sensitivity in diabetes through liver-derived FGF21.
Breaks in Sedentary Time (2008)

This study provides evidence of the importance of avoiding prolonged uninterrupted periods of sedentary (primarily sitting) time. These findings suggest new public health recommendations regarding breaking up sedentary time that are complementary to those for physical activity.
VCAM-1 has a tissue-specific role in mediating interleukin-4–induced eosinophil accumulation in rat models: evidence for a dissociation between endothelial-cell VCAM-1 expression and a functional role in eosinophil migration (2000)

Eosinophil accumulation has been associated with the pathogenesis of numerous allergic inflammatory disorders. Despite the great interest in this response, many aspects of eosinophil accumulation remain unknown. This is particularly true with respect to tissue-specific mechanisms that may regulate the accumulation of eosinophils in different organs. This study addressed this issue by investigating and comparing the roles of α4-integrins and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) adhesion pathways in interleukin 4 (IL-4)–induced eosinophil accumulation in 2 different rat models of inflammation, namely pleural and cutaneous inflammation. Similar to our previous findings in studies in rat skin, locally administered IL-4 induced a time- and dose-dependent accumulation of eosinophils in rat pleural cavities, a response that was associated with generation of the chemokine eotaxin. The IL-4–induced eosinophil accumulation in skin and pleural cavities was totally inhibited by an antirat α4-integrins monoclonal antibody (mAb) (TA-2). In contrast, whereas an antirat VCAM-1 mAb (5F10) totally blocked the response in skin, IL-4–induced eosinophil accumulation in rat pleural cavities was not affected by VCAM-1 blockade. A radiolabeled mAb technique demonstrated that endothelial-cell VCAM-1 expression was induced in response to IL-4 in both skin and pleural membrane. The results indicate that although endothelial-cell VCAM-1 is present in skin and pleura, a functional role for it in IL-4–induced eosinophil accumulation was evident only in skin. These findings suggest the existence of tissue-specific adhesive mechanisms in regulating leukocyte migration in vivo and demonstrate a dissociation between VCAM-1 expression and eosinophil accumulation.
Plasmonic Shaping in Gold Nanoparticle Three-Dimensional Assemblies (2013)

When a large number of similar gold particles are organized into complex architectures, the dipolar plasmon spectrum of the individual plasmonic entities gives rise to a broader, red-shifted feature centered around 750 nm. In this work, we show that superstructures fabricated using the convective assisted capillary force assembly method (CA-CFA) and excited at that wavelength display a subwavelength patterning of their optical field intensity that results from the self-consistent coupling between the colloidal nanoparticles. First, we demonstrate the fabrication of shape-controlled three-dimensional assemblies of metallic nanocrystals using the CA-CFA method. In a second step, the absorption band resulting from the mutual coupling between the metallic building blocks is exploited to excite a coupled plasmon mode and map the two-photon luminescence (TPL) by scanning a tightly focused light beam. Highly resolved TPL images show that the morphology of the plasmonic particle assemblies has a strong impact on their optical response. A model based on a rigorous optical Gaussian beam implementation inside a generalized propagator derived from a three-dimensional Green dyadic function accurately reproduces the TPL maps revealing the influence of interparticle separation and thus coupling between the individual particles. Finally, we show that the spatial distribution of the electric field intensity can be controlled by tuning the linear polarization of the optical excitation.
Small AC Driving Voltage for MZI-Based GaAs–GaAlAs Electrooptic Modulators/Switches With Coplanar Electrodes (2009)

We report a method to achieve a small ac driving voltage for high-speed multimode interference Mach-Zehnder interferometer GaAs-GaAlAs electrooptic modulators and switches with coplanar electrodes for polarization-insensitive operation. By biasing the devices in the reverse break-down region, the ac driving voltage can be as small as 3 V. Such a small ac driving voltage is important for high-speed optical modulators and switches. The physics behind this small ac driving voltage is also discussed.
논문 : 희귀 수종 산개나리의 기내 번식 (1997)

Axillary bud explants from 3-year-old seedlings of Forsythia saxatilis N., rare and endangered species in Korea, were cultured on Murashige and Skoog`s medium. The effect of various cytokinins (BAP, kinetin, and zeatin) at the different concentration(0.2, 0.5 and 1.0㎎/l) was tested. Although an apparent shoot proliferation was not observed, zeatin showed slight promotional effect on normal shoot and leaf development. Both shoots and adventive roots could be induced simultaneously when the explants were cultured on the medium with kinetin, but adventive rooting was gradually reduced according as BAP and zeatin concentrations increased. Axillary shoot growth was promoted by the etiolation treatment. Shoot proliferation has been maintained more than three years with consecutive subculture. Rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized in the artificial soil mixture and showed normal growth after transplantation into field.
Mass spectral study of 2‐adamantanone (1990)

Abstract The mass spectral fragmentation of 2‐adamantanone has been investigated using its specifically labelled monodeuterated derivatives (in positions 1‐, 4‐ exo ‐, 4‐ endo ‐, 5‐ and 6‐) and dideuterated derivatives (in positions 4,4‐ and 6,6‐). The mass spectrum of 2‐adamantanone is generally poor in fragments showing the molecular ion as the base peak, the characteristic m/z 117, 104, 93, 91, 80, 79, 72, 67 and 53 fragments, as well as an unusual loss of water. The mass spectra of deuterated compounds favours the assumption of hydrogen randomization prior to the fragmentation of the molecular ion. In contrast, the formation of [C 4 H 8 O] +· , m/z 72 does not involve any major hydrogen scrambling.
Angiotensin II stimulates hyperplasia but not hypertrophy in immature ovine cardiomyocytes (2003)

Rat and sheep cardiac myocytes become binucleate as they complete the 'terminal differentiation' process soon after birth and are not able to divide thereafter. Angiotensin II (Ang II) is known to stimulate hypertrophic changes in rodent cardiomyocytes under both in vivo and in vitro conditions via the AT1 receptor and intracellular extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) signalling cascade. We sought to develop culture methods for immature sheep cardiomyocytes in order to test the hypothesis that Ang II is a hypertrophic agent in the immature myocardium of the sheep. We isolated fetal sheep cardiomyocytes and cultured them for 96 h, added Ang II and phenylephrine (PE) for 48 h, and measured footprint area and proliferation (5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) uptake) separately in mono- vs. binucleate myocytes. We found that neither Ang II nor PE changed the footprint area of mononucleated cells. PE stimulated an increase in footprint area of binucleate cells but Ang II did not. Ang II increased myocyte BrdU uptake compared to serum free conditions, but PE did not affect BrdU uptake. The MAP kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor UO126 prevented BrdU uptake in Ang II-stimulated cells and prevented cell hypertrophy in PE-stimulated cells. This paper establishes culture methods for immature sheep cardiomyocytes and reports that: (1) Ang II is not a hypertrophic agent; (2) Ang II stimulates hyperplastic growth among mononucleate myocytes; (3) PE is a hypertrophic agent in binucleate myocytes; and (4) the ERK cascade is required for the proliferation effect of Ang II and the hypertrophic effect of PE.
Speckle Simulation for Metrology (2022)

In most imaging applications, speckle is a nuisance, and various methods are used to attempt to suppress it. However, in the field of metrology, speckle can be a friend rather than a foe, and many methods for using speckle in measurement have been devised. Here we will simulate only a few of such methods.
Broadband compact models for transformers integrated on conductive silicon substrates (2004)

A broadband scalable lumped-element model for multiport transformers integrated on a silicon substrate is presented. The model is based on a pi-T network for the primary and secondary coils and utilizes only frequency-independent elements to model the frequency-dependent resistive losses. Four-port S-parameters are measured for multiport transformers up to 15 GHz and accurate compact models extracted up to 4 GHz, which covers the fundamental frequency bands and their second harmonics of interest for European and US GSM/EGSM and DCS/PCS cellular bands. Good agreement is obtained between modeled and measured transformer performance attributes.
New syntheses of alkynes: a tale of serendipity and design (2002)

The story behind the development of several new syntheses of alkynes is presented.
Ultrafast shock compression of PDMS‐based polymers (2018)

ABSTRACT The shock response of polymers is important for a number of commercial and defense‐related applications, but it is difficult to obtain empirical shock response data over the wide range of preparations and aging conditions typically found in such applications. Ultrafast compression is useful to characterize polymer shock response over a wide range of polymer initial conditions due to the high throughput of this method. To establish greater confidence in ultrafast compression experiments and to characterize the detailed shock response of several variations in a single base polymer, the results of sub‐nanosecond shock compression experiments in ∼5 μm thick layers of the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)‐based elastomeric rubbers Sylgard‐184, SE1700, and an unfilled, end‐linked model PDMS network are presented. The results of conventional ultrafast shock etalon measurements to time‐of‐flight measurements for similar thickness layers of irradiated and unirradiated SE1700 are compared. Good agreement between the shock response measured by these two ultrafast shock methods, as well as consistency between ultrafast data and long time scale gas gun data is found. From measurements across a variety of PDMS formulations, a statistically significant variation in the shock response with the quasistatic elastic modulus is presented. Published 2018. † J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2018 , 56 , 827–832
Lipoic Acid—A Novel Therapeutic Approach for Multiple Sclerosis (2008)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that has its symptom onset primarily in young and middle-aged adults. Approximately 400,000 Americans are affected by this chronic and disabling disease, with a significant burden placed on the affected person and his or her family, the healthcare system, and society. MS was described as a clinicopathological entity in the mid-19th century, but significant progress in understanding its pathogenesis has been made only in the past few decades. It is now well established that a dysregulated immune system that targets CNS myelinated tissue including brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves causes MS. Inflammation, focal demyelination, and axonal and neuronal loss are prominent features of the pathology. What triggers the autoimmune response is still not understood. However, our understanding of the pathogenesis of MS has led to the development of treatments that alter the course of the disease.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Aryloxypropanediols from Glycerol: Towards Valuable Chemicals from Renewable Sources. (2013)

Abstract The title compounds are obtained by a regioselective reaction of phenols and glycerol using diethyl carbonate as promoter.
<title>Astronomical observations with normal incidence multilayer optics IV: selection of spectral lines</title> (1994)

In previous papers, we reviewed the development of multilayer optics, the successful application of this new technology to astronomical observations, the evolution of astronomical multilayer optics instrumentation through several generations, and the matching of multilayer bandpasses to the coronal spectrum. These developments have resulted in the acquisition of sub-arc-second images of the sun in several wavelength bands, permitting solar structures to be simultaneously observed over temperatures prevailing in the chromosphere (approximately 10,000 K - 100,000 K), the transition region (approximately 100,000 K - 1,000,000 K) and the corona (&gt; 1,000,000 K). In the present paper, we discuss the selection of spectral bandpasses that permit a set of isothermal coronal and chromospheric images of diagnostic quality to be formed.
Arthroscopic radial head excision (1994)

Radial head excision is a commonly performed procedure used in the treatment of radial head disorders. Arthroscopic radial head excision has not been previously described in the literature. In this study we report the technique and results of arthroscopic excision of the radial head for posttraumatic arthritis.
Bio‐Compliant Composites: Biocompliant Composite Au/pHEMA Plasmonic Scaffolds for 3D Cell Culture and Noninvasive Sensing of Cellular Metabolites (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 4/2021) (2021)

A 3D-printable composite material consisting of gold nanoparticles embedded within a poly-2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate matrix, that serves dual functions as both host framework scaffold for pre-osteoblasts, as well as a non-invasive plasmonic biosensor for cellular metabolites, is presented in article number 2001040 by Ralph G. Nuzzo and co-workers. The 3D printing ink is particle-free and the gold nanoparticles are generated in the 3D-printed scaffolds via a postprint chemical reduction method. Pre-osteoblast cells are successfully grown and differentiated into mature osteoblasts over the 3D printed scaffolds. Cellular metabolites are detected using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy during different stages of cell growth and differentiation. Common cellular, as well as some free amino acids, are detected using SERS demonstrating the ability of the composite material to function as a biologically compliant plasmonic biosensor in cell culture applications.
Degree of Tendon Retraction and Younger Age Are Associated With Functional Decline Following Nonoperative Management of Complete Proximal Hamstring Ruptures (2023)

Level IV, prognostic case series.
Marshall's Mathematical Note XIX (1965)

Journal Article Marshall’s Mathematical Note XIX Get access James M. Buchanan, James M. Buchanan University of Virginia, Purdue University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Charles Plott Charles Plott University of Virginia, Purdue University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Economic Journal, Volume 75, Issue 299, 1 September 1965, Pages 618–620, https://doi.org/10.2307/2228974 Published: 01 September 1965