gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhabited interfaces: Attentive conversational agents that help (2000)

We discuss the role of attentive agents in virtual reality interfaces. This discussion is guided by experiences and experiments with a virtual reality environment we designed and implemented. In this environment we have introduced agents, sometimes embodied, with which the users can communicate using different input modalities. These agents provide information or are able to perform certain transactions or they help the user in finding her way in the virtual environment, allowing a mix of user exploration and guidance. Among the input modalities that are considered are speech, natural language, mouse and keyboard and gaze. Output includes natural language, visual speech, changes in the virtual environment, animations and menus. Gradually this environment evolves to an environment where multiple users and agents live and communicate with each other. Apart from offering different input modalities and attentive agents, in the near future we also hope to be able, based on current experiments, to offer suggestions to the users based on preferences obtained from their user profile and their visit history.
Efficacy of PTX3 in a Rat Model of Invasive Aspergillosis (2010)

Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an acute-phase glycoprotein with a nonredundant function in the host resistance to Aspergillus fumigatus. PTX3 activity was evaluated against pulmonary aspergillosis in rats immunosuppressed with cortisone acetate. PTX3 enhanced the survival rate and reduced the lung fungal burden of infected rats in both therapeutic and prophylactic modalities. Thus, we extended the protective activity of PTX3 in pulmonary aspergillosis to corticosteroid-induced immunodeficiency, which is a relevant clinical condition in graft-versus-host disease and in solid organ transplant.
From ionic liquid-modified cellulose nanowhiskers to highly active metal-free nanostructured carbon catalysts for the hydrazine oxidation reaction (2016)

Ionic liquid-modified cellulose nanowhiskers are synthesized and successfully used as precursors to make heteroatom-doped carbon catalysts.
Evaluation of Moxifloxacin-Containing Regimens in Pathologically Distinct Murine Tuberculosis Models (2015)

In the recently concluded REMox-TB trial, two 4-month moxifloxacin-containing regimens did not meet the criteria for noninferiority compared to the current 6-month first-line regimen to treat tuberculosis (TB). Despite the disappointing result, this phase 3 clinical trial provides a rare opportunity to gauge the predictive accuracy of the nonclinical models used to support regimen development. In parallel with the REMox-TB trial, we compared the efficacy of the same three regimens against chronic TB infection in the commonly used BALB/c mouse strain and in C3HeB/FeJ mice, which have attracted recent interest as a nonclinical efficacy model because they develop caseous lung lesions which may better resemble human TB. In long-term treatment experiments at two institutions, using low-dose aerosol infection models with 6- to 8-week incubation periods in both mouse strains, control mice received rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol (RHZE), and test mice received the same regimen with moxifloxacin replacing isoniazid (RMZE) or ethambutol (RHZM). Outcome measures were lung CFU counts during treatment and relapse after various durations of treatment. At both institutions and in both mouse strains, RMZE and RHZM reduced by approximately 1 month and 0 to 1 month, respectively, the treatment duration needed to produce the same relapse rate as RHZE. These results demonstrating generally similar treatment-shortening effects of the moxifloxacin-containing regimens in each mouse strain, with effect sizes consistent with the REMox-TB trial results, reinforce the predictive value of murine models for TB regimen development.
Electroreduction of CO2 on Single‐Site Copper‐Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Material: Selective Formation of Ethanol and Reversible Restructuration of the Metal Sites (2019)

It is generally believed that CO<sub>2</sub> electroreduction to multi-carbon products such as ethanol or ethylene may be catalyzed with significant yield only on metallic copper surfaces, implying large ensembles of copper atoms. Here, we report on an inexpensive Cu-N-C material prepared via a simple pyrolytic route that exclusively feature single copper atoms with a CuN<sub>4</sub> coordination environment, atomically dispersed in a nitrogen-doped conductive carbon matrix. This material achieves aqueous CO<sub>2</sub> electroreduction to ethanol at a Faradaic yield of 55 % under optimized conditions (electrolyte: 0.1 m CsHCO<sub>3</sub> , potential: -1.2 V vs. RHE and gas-phase recycling set up), as well as CO electroreduction to C<sub>2</sub> -products (ethanol and ethylene) with a Faradaic yield of 80 %. During electrolysis the isolated sites transiently convert into metallic copper nanoparticles, as shown by operando XAS analysis, which are likely to be the catalytically active species. Remarkably, this process is reversible and the initial material is recovered intact after electrolysis.
Hollow Zeolite Microspheres Give Enzymes a Home: A Hybrid Heterogeneous Catalyst for Chemoenzymatic Cascade Reactions (2019)

We propose a new strategy for the preparation of a hybrid catalyst based on the TS-1 zeolite and on glucose oxidase. The design allows to combine all the features of the zeolite with a high enzyme loading. The method is based on the aerosol-assisted self-assembly of TS-1 nanocrystals to form hollow mesoporous zeolite microspheres with tailored texture and good epoxidation activity in water. The latter spheres were subsequently loaded with various amounts of enzymes which were then cross-linked to secure their entrapment. Thus, the hollow spheres were used both as catalysts and as vessels for the enzyme. The chemo-enzymatic formation of epoxides by tandem catalysis is demonstrated.
Deterministic and Stochastic Study of Wind Farm Harmonic Currents (2010)

Wind farm harmonic emissions are a well-known power quality problem, but little data based on actual wind farm measurements are available in literature. In this paper, harmonic emissions of an 18 MW wind farm are investigated using extensive measurements, and the deterministic and stochastic characterization of wind farm harmonic currents is analyzed. Specific issues addressed in the paper include the harmonic variation with the wind farm operating point and the random characteristics of their magnitude and phase angle.
Visualization of knowledge-creation process using face-to-face communication data (2009)

No firm can survive without building a mechanism to create knowledge in the 21st century. The knowledge-creation theory by Nonaka has successfully generalized a knowledge-creation process in an organization. However, nobody has found a quantitative method for evaluating the process. This paper proposes a technique of visualizing the knowledge-creation process by plotting graphs of face-to-face contact time and number of people contacted. We applied the data of face-to-face communication of an organization to our proposed technique and confirmed that it represented dynamics of the knowledge-creation process. This technique will provide a new method of corporate management.
The Progressive Nature of Atrial Fibrillation:A Rationale for Early Restoration and Maintenance of Sinus Rhythm. (2013)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the manifest outcome of a multifactorial, progressive disease process,secondarily or primarily involving the atrial chambers. The slowly progressive electrostructural alterations diffusely involve the atrial substrate and lead to persistent and permanent forms of AF. Although the progression of the AF disease process is variable and associated with the development of comorbid conditions, rhythm restoration therapies, particularly catheter ablation,provide higher acute and long-term success rates in paroxysmal than non-paroxysmal AF. This review of literature aims to discuss how early restoration and maintenance of sinus rhythm especially using novel approaches can influence the progressive nature of atrial fibrillation.
Pedicled vastus lateralis myocutaneous flap for sacropelvic defects after wide oncologic resection: Wound complications and outcomes (2022)

We describe a pedicled vastus lateralis flap for coverage of defects after wide resection of sacropelvic malignancies. A large proportion of our cohort had independent risk factors for wound complications. Even with a cohort with high baseline risk for wound complications, we show that the use of a pedicled vastus lateralis flap is a safe reconstructive option with a wound complication rate in line with the literature.
Expression of soluble and membrane proteins in E. coli (2006)

Our lab has developed a number of tools for enhancing the expression of soluble secreted protein as well as membrane proteins in bacteria. Specifically: (1) We have explored mutagenesis/screening and also host cell engineering strategies for the expression of mammalian and prokaryotic membrane proteins. This work has led to the development of simple approaches that can be used to obtain significantly increased yields of membrane proteins in E.coli. (2) Developed a high through strategy relying on flow cytometry for the isolation of mutant proteins exhibiting enhanced expression from combinatorial libraries. This latter technology has been used for the expression maturation of scFv and FAB antibody fragments.
Identification, Characterization and Immunogenicity of an O-Antigen Capsular Polysaccharide of Francisella tularensis (2010)

Capsular polysaccharides are important factors in bacterial pathogenesis and have been the target of a number of successful vaccines. Francisella tularensis has been considered to express a capsular antigen but none has been isolated or characterized. We have developed a monoclonal antibody, 11B7, which recognizes the capsular polysaccharide of F. tularensis migrating on Western blot as a diffuse band between 100 kDa and 250 kDa. The capsule stains poorly on SDS-PAGE with silver stain but can be visualized using ProQ Emerald glycoprotein stain. The capsule appears to be highly conserved among strains of F. tularensis as antibody 11B7 bound to the capsule of 14 of 14 F. tularensis type A and B strains on Western blot. The capsular material can be isolated essentially free of LPS, is phenol and proteinase K resistant, ethanol precipitable and does not dissociate in sodium dodecyl sulfate. Immunoelectron microscopy with colloidal gold demonstrates 11B7 circumferentially staining the surface of F. tularensis which is typical of a polysaccharide capsule. Mass spectrometry, compositional analysis and NMR indicate that the capsule is composed of a polymer of the tetrasaccharide repeat, 4)-alpha-D-GalNAcAN-(1->4)-alpha-D-GalNAcAN-(1->3)-beta-D-QuiNAc-(1->2)-beta-D-Qui4NFm-(1-, which is identical to the previously described F. tularensis O-antigen subunit. This indicates that the F. tularensis capsule can be classified as an O-antigen capsular polysaccharide. Our studies indicate that F. tularensis O-antigen glycosyltransferase mutants do not make a capsule. An F. tularensis acyltransferase and an O-antigen polymerase mutant had no evidence of an O-antigen but expressed a capsular antigen. Passive immunization of BALB/c mice with 75 microg of 11B7 protected against a 150 fold lethal challenge of F. tularensis LVS. Active immunization of BALB/c mice with 10 microg of capsule showed a similar level of protection. These studies demonstrate that F. tularensis produces an O-antigen capsule that may be the basis of a future vaccine.
Front Cover: Computer‐Aided Design and Synthesis of 1‐{4‐[(3,4‐Dihydroxybenzylidene)amino]phenyl}‐5‐oxopyrrolidine‐3‐carboxylic Acid as an Nrf2 Enhancer (ChemPlusChem 5/2018) (2018)

The front cover shows translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) enhancer to the nuclei that was induced by its novel enhancer: 1-(4-((3,4-dihydroxybenzylidene)amino)phenyl)-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid. This compound showed potent antioxidant properties through activation of genes related to antioxidative cellular response. Details are given in the Full Paper by Arie Gruzman and co-workers on page 320 in Issue 5, 2018 (DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201700539).
Synthesis, Characterization, and Biodistribution of a Dinuclear Gadolinium Complex with Improved Properties as a Blood Pool MRI Agent (2018)

A dinuclear gadolinium(III) chelate containing two moieties of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), covalently conjugated to an analogue of deoxycholic acid, was synthesized and thoroughly characterized. A full relaxometric analysis was carried out, consisting of 1) the acquisition of nuclear magnetic resonance dispersion (NMRD) profiles in various media; 2) the study of binding affinity to serum albumin; 3) the measurement of <sup>17</sup> O transverse relaxation rate versus temperature, and 4) a transmetallation assay. In vivo biodistribution MRI studies at 1 T and blood pharmacokinetics assays were carried out in comparison with Gd-DTPA (Magnevist) and gadocoletic acid trisodium salt (B22956/1), two well-known Gd complexes that share the same chelating cage and the same deoxycholic acid residue of the Gd complex investigated herein ((GdDTPA)<sub>2</sub> -Chol). High affinity for plasma protein and, in particular, the availability of more than one binding site, allows the complex to reach a fairly high relaxivity value in plasma (∼20 mm<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> , 20 MHz, 310 K) as well as to show unexpectedly enhanced properties of blood pooling, with an elimination half-life in rats approximately seven times longer than that of B22956/1.
The ARTEMIS cross-domain architecture for embedded systems (2007)

Today the embedded system market is a highly fragmented market, where custom-designed solutions dominate, resulting in a significant duplication of development effort for hardware, software and services. The ever-increasing complexity level of embedded systems, the technology trends of the semiconductor industry to large production series of chips, and the increased competition in the world market entail the need for a European-wide coherent and integrated development strategy for embedded systems. The ARTEMIS technology platform has been created to fill this need by joining the forces of many of the European players in the embedded system market in order to create the critical mass that is necessary to tackle the formidable challenges of the field.
Development and Industrial Application of the “All-Over-Controlled Vortex Distribution Method” for Designing Radial and Mixed Flow Impellers (1992)

Sixteen years ago an inverse method of designing radial, mixed flow impellers was proposed by the first author of this paper, which was based on a quasi-three-dimensional stream surface theory. The contradictions between the full controlling of the flow field in the whole impeller and the designed bables’ smooth machinability can be perfectly resolved with the above method (So it is called “all-over-controlled vortex distribution method”). This paper presents the developments and industrial applications of the above method in the last decade. Two single centrifugal compressor model stages with the 3-D impellers designed by this method are studied in detail, and several performance curves of the multistage centrifugal compressors designed by this method are also presented.
Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Expression and Hemagglutinin Subtype Influence the Infectivity of Type A Influenza Virus for Respiratory Dendritic Cells (2011)

Dendritic cells (DC) play a key role in antiviral immunity, functioning both as innate effector cells in early phases of the immune response and subsequently as antigen-presenting cells that activate the adaptive immune response. In the murine respiratory tract, there are several respiratory dendritic cell (RDC) subsets, including CD103(+) DC, CD11b(hi) DC, monocyte/macrophage DC, and plasmacytoid DC. However, little is known about the interaction between these tissue-resident RDC and viruses that are encountered during natural infection in the respiratory tract. Here, we show both in vitro and in vivo that the susceptibility of murine RDC to infection with type A influenza virus varies with the level of MHC class II expression by RDC and with the virus strain. Both CD103(+) and CD11b(hi) RDC, which express the highest basal level of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II, are highly susceptible to infection by type A influenza virus. However, efficient infection is restricted to type A influenza virus strains of the H2N2 subtype. Furthermore, enhanced infectivity by viruses of the H2N2 subtype is linked to expression of the I-E MHC class II locus product. These results suggest a potential novel role for MHC class II molecules in influenza virus infection and pathogenesis in the respiratory tract.
Acoustic radiation force applied to the treatment of lower pole kidney stones (2011)

Lower pole kidney stones have lower rates of clearance after shock wave lithotripsy or ureteroscopy compared to other stone locations. Residual stone fragments, post treatment, often lead to additional morbidity and secondary surgery. We describe the use of acoustic radiation force created by transcutaneous focused ultrasound to manipulate the location of stone fragments within the collecting system in order to facilitate their passage. Artificial and human stones were placed in the lower pole of kidneys of a porcine animal model. An open architecture, software based diagnostic ultrasound system and scanhead were modified to produce roughly 100 μs pulses of up to 16 MPa peak positive pressure in water. Stone motion was observed in real-time with simultaneous imaging through the same scanhead and with fluoroscopy. All stones were seen to move. Stone velocities were on the order of 1 cm/s. Stone displacement distance was up to 3 cm, and operators could generally control the direction of stone movement. No evidence of thermal necrosis or mechanical damage of renal tissue was observed. Thus acoustic radiation force can be used to facilitate lower pole stone fragment clearance. [Work supported by NIH DK43881, DK086371, DK092197, and NSBRI through NASA NCC 9-58.]
Development of Measuring System to Measure Standing Pose of the Foot Using Distributed Triaxial Force Sensor (2006)

The bottom of a person's foot grips the floor for balance, and the action force and action moment work at the foot bottom when he maintains posture and when he moves. They are important indices in the evaluation and the medical attention of standing pose balance and gait disturbances. A lot of equipments to measure the floor reaction force have been researched. However, no floor reaction force meter exists that can measure distribution information force in three directions. This paper aims at the development of a system that can measure the standing pose of the foot that exists from a measuring instrument and that can measure the standing pose of foot distributed 6times4 three axis force sensors and software that displays and preserves the output of the sensor element. A time change of force that worked at the foot bottom is sought as a vector by outputting each sensor element. Moreover, an action vector is three dimensionally displayed whose data can be intuitively understood. The results of experiments show that the measuring system can measure the action force of the foot bottom as distribution information on force in three directions.
263 Use of an Air Purifier in the Bedroom Improves Objective and Perceived Sleep (2021)

Abstract Introduction This study examined if an air purifier in the bedroom would improve sleep on a broad sample of healthy people (non-smokers without allergies) with sub-optimal sleep living in urban and suburban areas. This way of testing has the advantage of providing insight into the effectiveness of a product under real-life conditions, yielding more ecologically valid results. Methods 36 adults whose objective data indicated suboptimal sleep participated in an 8-week field study. A within subjects, pre-post intervention design was implemented, comparing 4 weeks of nightly product use to 4 weeks without using the product. Intervention consisted of the use of an Alen BreatheSmart 45i air purifier in the bedroom for 24 hours a day during the duration of the intervention period. Sleep was measured objectively with SleepScore Max every night and by self-report. Multilevel regression and paired t-tests were used to test for statistical significance. Results Across all participants there were 1591 nights of tracked sleep. Participants (55% male, age 25-74, avg. 44) showed improvement in both objective and perceived sleep during the intervention. While using the air purifier, there was a small but significant improvement in objective sleep quality (p&amp;lt;.05). In the subgroup of participants who had the poorest objective sleep at baseline (n=16), there were significant improvements while using the air purifier, reflecting improved sleep continuity after falling asleep: fewer awakenings during the night, decreased time awake during the night, increased sleep efficiency, and increased sleep maintenance (all ps&amp;lt;.05). Self-report data showed that, when using the air purifier, participants felt they fell asleep faster, woke up fewer times, spent less time awake at night, and were better able to sleep through the night. In the morning, they were more likely to feel well-rested. They also felt satisfied with their sleep more often and had better sleep quality (all ps&amp;lt;.05). Conclusion Using the air purifier in the bedroom can improve sleep. Objectively measured sleep improvement supported self-reported sleep improvements, especially in the subset of participants who showed compromised sleep at baseline. Support (if any) Alen Corporation
Measurement of light yield of Ce<sup>3+</sup> perturbed emission of CaF<inf>2</inf> scintillator coupled with avalanche photodiode (2008)

The present work describes the first detailed gamma-ray responses of Ce <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> perturbed emission in CaF <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> host. Ce <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> 1%, 3%, 5%, 10%, and 20% doped single crystalline CaF <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> scintillators were grown by μ-PD method. Their transmittance were measured by JASCO V550 spectrometer, and about 80% transparence was achieved. All the sample showed an emission peak around 330 nm, which was Ce <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> perturbed emission, when they were irradiated by 1GBq <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">137</sup> Cs and read out by CCD. Absolute lihjt yield (ph/MeV) was measured by Si-APD (S8664-55, Hamamatsu), and the 3% sample showed the highest light yield around 900 ph/MeV with 2 μs shaping time. The decay time was measured by FLS900 (Edinburgh instrument), and about 40 ns decay was observed.