gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Patterning devices using fluorinated compounds (2023)

A method for producing a spatially patterned structure includes forming a layer of a material on at least a portion of a substructure of the spatially patterned structure, forming a barrier layer of a flourinated material on the layer of material to provide an intermediate structure, and exposing the intermediate structure to at least one of a second material or radiation to cause at least one of a chemical change or a structural change to at least a portion of the intermediate structure. The barrier layer substantially protects the layer of the material from chemical and structural changes during the exposing. Substructures are produced according to this method.
Method for estimating a traffic situation : patent pending (2004)

The invention relates to a method for estimating a traffic situation in relation to a vehicle comprising retrieving and storing data representative of the vehicle's state and retrieving and storing ...
Microcomposites and nanophase materials; Proceedings of the Symposium, 120th Annual Meeting of the Minerals, Metals Materials Society, New Orleans, LA, Feb. 17-21, 1991 (1991)

The present conference on nanophase materials (NPMs) and nanostructured (NS) microcomposites discusses interfaces in NS amorphous and crystalline solids, the processing-properties relationships of NPMs, nanograin superplasticity, the electroforming of NS metal composites, the synthesis of Ti-alloy NPMs via chemical reduction during mechanical alloying, and the synthesis of nanophase W-WC composites. Also discussed is a mechanically-alloyed Nb-Y2O3 microcomposite, graded ceramic-metal microcomposites, sputter-deposited titanium beryllides, production of a nanocrystalline material using RF-plasma methods, and vapor-phase synthesis of Mo-Si microlaminates.
A two-step adaptive error recovery scheme for video transmission over wireless networks (2002)

In this paper, we investigate the transmission of H.263 video sequences over wireless networks with error recovery provided by a two-step adaptive hybrid ARQ scheme using RS codes. Each video frame is divided into data packets for transmission. For each packet transmission, by using a simple table-driven approach, the best RS code is selected from a given set of codes to minimize the transmission overhead. Further, an additional adaptation step is used to guarantee certain QoS requirement. Simulation results show that the proposed error recovery scheme outperforms the traditional single-code schemes and the single-step error recovery schemes thanks to its adaptability to both the wireless channel conditions and the actual frame loss events.
Superfibronectin, a Multimeric Form of Fibronectin, Increases HIV Infection of Primary CD4+ T Lymphocytes (2000)

The ability of viruses and bacteria to interact with the extracellular matrix plays an important role in their infectivity and pathogenicity. Fibronectin is a major component of the extracellular matrix in lymph node tissue, the main site of HIV deposition and replication during the chronic phase of infection. Therefore, we asked whether matrix fibronectin (FN) could affect the ability of HIV to infect lymphocytes. To study the role of matrix FN on HIV infection, we used superfibronectin (sFN), a multimeric form of FN that closely resembles in vivo matrix FN. In this study we show that HIV-1IIIB efficiently binds to multimeric fibronectin (sFN) and that HIV infection of primary CD4+ lymphocytes is enhanced by >1 order of magnitude in the presence of sFN. This increase appears to be due to increased adhesion of viral particles to the cell surface in the presence of sFN, followed by internalization of virus. Enzymatic removal of cell surface proteoglycans inhibited the adhesion of HIV-1IIIB/sFN complexes to lymphocytes. In contrast, Abs to integrins had no effect on binding of HIV-1IIIB/sFN complexes to lymphocytes. The III1-C peptide alone also bound HIV-1IIIB efficiently and enhanced HIV infection, although not as effectively as sFN. HIV-1IIIB gp120 envelope protein binds to the III1-C region of sFN and may be important in the interaction of virus with matrix FN. We conclude that HIV-1IIIB specifically interacts with the III1-C region within matrix FN, and that this interaction may play a role in facilitating HIV infection in vivo, particularly in lymph node tissue.
Severe Injury to Near- and Far-Seated Occupants in Side Impacts by Crash Severity and Belt Use (2010)

Seat belt use was more effective in preventing severe injury (MAIS 4+F) to far-side occupants than near-side occupants in < 25 mph delta V impacts. High relative risk for unbelted occupants in low-speed side impacts was explained by the fact that the accidents were high-speed, multi-impact collisions. Severe injury was caused by ejection, impact with the side interior, or impact with the frontal components where airbags sometimes deployed.
Thermal and electro-mechanical challenges in design and operation of high heat flux processors (2004)

Many advances in Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology (deep sub micron feature scales, GHz frequencies, and Silicon On Insulator (SOI)fabrication) have been made possible by increases in the packaging density of electronics. These advances began with the introduction of very large scale integration (VLSI). The combination of increased power dissipation and packaging density led to substantial growth in the chip and system heat fluxes, as well as the amplified complexity in electrical signal integrity and mechanical stackup design in the recent years, particularly in high-end computers. With the trend towards miniaturization, heat removal has become a major bottleneck in product development, especially, in low profile systems, telecom servers and blades. According to ITRS roadmap, power dissipation of high performance single chip packages is predicted to be in 218-288 W range, posing a serious challenge with no proven air-cooled solutions to exist.
β 3 integrins mediate the cellular entry of hantaviruses that cause respiratory failure (1998)

Newly emerged hantaviruses replicate primarily in the pulmonary endothelium, cause acute platelet loss, and result in hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). We now report that specific integrins expressed on platelets and endothelial cells permit the cellular entry of HPS-associated hantaviruses. Infection with HPS-associated hantaviruses, NY-1 and Sin Nombre virus (SNV), is inhibited by antibodies to beta3 integrins and by the beta3-integrin ligand, vitronectin. In contrast, infection with the nonpathogenic (no associated human disease) Prospect Hill virus was inhibited by fibronectin and beta1-specific antibodies but not by beta3-specific antibodies or vitronectin. Transfection with recombinant alphaIIb beta3 or alphav beta3 integrins rendered cells permissive to NY-1 and SNV but not Prospect Hill virus infection, indicating that alphaIIb beta3 and alphav beta3 integrins mediate the entry of NY-1 and SNV hantaviruses. Furthermore, entry is divalent cation independent, not blocked by arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptides and still mediated by, ligand-binding defective, alphaIIb beta3-integrin mutants. Hence, NY-1 and SNV entry is independent of beta3 integrin binding to physiologic ligands. These findings implicate integrins as cellular receptors for hantaviruses and indicate that hantavirus pathogenicity correlates with integrin usage.
Element of slot thermal modelling (2010)

In this paper we present winding thermal model in electrical machine. To predict the temperature distribution accurately in the complex system winding, we propose to consider winding as a homogeneous and to simplify the model in using an equivalent thermal conductivity. To determine the value of this coefficient, we propose an experimental device that reproduces only the physical phenomena of heat transfer located in the slot. For the coupling between experimental measurements and calculations, we propose to use finite element analysis (FEA) to model conduction heat transfer.
Full-field swept source optical coherence tomography (FF-SS-OCT) system for in vivo evaluation of light evoked activation of photoreceptors (optoretinography) in mice (2022)

Development of high resolution functional retinal imaging tools is of great interest to clinical and experimental ophthalmology because the alterations in retinal function, at cellular resolution, hold the promise of being more sensitive for disease diagnostic then the purely retinal morphology-based assays. In this work we present our initial design and implementation of mouse retinal imaging system that incorporates full-field (FF) swept- source (SS) optical coherence tomography (OCT) with dedicated light stimulation channel for high-speed measurements of light evoked responses in photoreceptors of mice. The Optoretinograpahy (ORG) results acquired with our FF-SS-OCT system are compared with those acquired with our standard raster scanning mouse ORG-OCT system.
Photocatalytic Characteristics of Nanometer‐Sized Titania Powders Fabricated by a Homogeneous‐Precipitation Process (2002)

The photocatalytic characteristics of nanometer‐sized TiO 2 powder prepared by a homogeneous‐precipitation process (HPP) were compared with those of a commercial powder to determine which powder was better able to remove metal ions, such as lead and copper, from aqueous equimolar metal‐ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solution. In aqueous lead‐EDTA solution, the TiO 2 powder fabricated by HPP had 3.5 times higher initial adsorption of lead ion and a 1.5 times faster rate for the complete elimination of lead ions than did the commercial powder. In an aqueous copper‐EDTA solution, the TiO 2 powder fabricated by HPP also showed higher initial adsorption and a faster elimination rate for copper ions than did the commercial powder. Similarly, the photocatalytic properties were enhanced as the specific surface area increased, and the TiO 2 powder fabricated by HPP, which consisted of coagulated primary particles 20 nm in size, with chestnut‐burr shapes, had a larger specific surface area (∼180 m 2 /g) than that of the commercial powder (∼55 m 2 /g).
Study of Laser Interaction with Thin Targets (2009)

For many targets of interest, the thickness is small compared to the conduction length during the engagement. In addition, the laser-material interaction region can be treated as flat. We have studied this regime with our 25 kW solid-state laser. We have demonstrated that airflow can reduce by approximately 40% the energy required to break through a thin target. This reduction is caused by the bulging of the softened material and the tearing and removal of the material by aerodynamic forces. We present elastic modeling which explains these results.
Toward a Long-Term Artificial Lung (2020)

Only a very small portion of end-stage organ failures can be treated by transplantation because of the shortage of donor organs. Although artificial long-term organ support such as ventricular assist devices provide therapeutic options serving as a bridge-to-transplantation or destination therapy for end-stage heart failure, suitable long-term artificial lung systems are still at an early stage of development. Although a short-term use of an extracorporeal lung support is feasible today, the currently available technical solutions do not permit the long-term use of lung replacement systems in terms of an implantable artificial lung. This is currently limited by a variety of factors: biocompatibility problems lead to clot formation within the system, especially in areas with unphysiological flow conditions. In addition, proteins, cells, and fibrin are deposited on the membranes, decreasing gas exchange performance and thus, limiting long-term use. Coordinated basic and translational scientific research to solve these problems is therefore necessary to enable the long-term use and implantation of an artificial lung. Strategies for improving the biocompatibility of foreign surfaces, for new anticoagulation regimes, for optimization of gas and blood flow, and for miniaturization of these systems must be found. These strategies must be validated by in vitro and in vivo tests, which remain to be developed. In addition, the influence of long-term support on the pathophysiology must be considered. These challenges require well-connected interdisciplinary teams from the natural and material sciences, engineering, and medicine, which take the necessary steps toward the development of an artificial implantable lung.
Discussion of the paper ‘A general framework for functional regression modelling’ (2017)

This discussion provides our reaction to the article by Greven and Scheipl. It contains an overview of their article and a description of the many areas of research that remain open and could benefit from further methodological and computational development.
From Fidelity to the Habsburgs to Loyalty to the Nation: The Changing Role of the Hungarian Aristocracy before 1848 (1992)

Recalling the medieval pageantry of the coronation of the future emperor Joseph II as King of the Romans in Frankfurt in 1764, the sexagenarian Johann Wolfgang von Goethe mentions among the names of the special ambassadors attending the solemn occasion Prince Esterházy, the Bohemian envoy, [who] was not tall, though well built, vivacious, and at the same time of noble respectability, yet neither proud nor cold. I had a special liking for him, because he reminded me of the Marshall de Broglio.
Synthesis of C6-Azolyl Purine Nucleosides (2006)

An efficient route to biologically relevant nucleosides via key phosphine-palladium complex mediated C-N bond formation reactions is presented. Application of simple ligands with wide bite angle (e.g., XantPhos) results in good to excellent yields and selectivity for a range of hetero­aromatic amines. Both heteroaryl halides (Cl, Br) and sulfonates participate in this reaction under standardized conditions. The method appears amenable to the synthesis of relatively complex structures. However, functional-group tolerance was not thoroughly investigated.
Familial hematuric nephritis. (1966)

This report concerns the evaluation of a family of patients with familial hematuric nephritis. Studies included genetic patterns, ophthalmologic and audiometric evaluations, laboratory tests of renal function, and renal biopsies. The characterization of the results is discussed in light of the possible pathogenesis and significance of this disease.
First measurements of N-subjettiness in central Pb-Pb collisions at $$ \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} $$ = 2.76 TeV (2021)

A bstract The ALICE Collaboration reports the first fully-corrected measurements of the N -subjettiness observable for track-based jets in heavy-ion collisions. This study is performed using data recorded in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at centre-of-mass energies of $$ \sqrt{s} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:msqrt> </mml:math> = 7 TeV and $$ \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msqrt> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> <mml:mi>NN</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:msqrt> </mml:math> = 2 . 76 TeV, respectively. In particular the ratio of 2-subjettiness to 1-subjettiness, τ 2 /τ 1 , which is sensitive to the rate of two-pronged jet substructure, is presented. Energy loss of jets traversing the strongly interacting medium in heavy-ion collisions is expected to change the rate of two-pronged substructure relative to vacuum. The results are presented for jets with a resolution parameter of R = 0 . 4 and charged jet transverse momentum of 40 ≤ p T , jet ≤ 60 GeV/ c , which constitute a larger jet resolution and lower jet transverse momentum interval than previous measurements in heavy-ion collisions. This has been achieved by utilising a semi-inclusive hadron-jet coincidence technique to suppress the larger jet combinatorial background in this kinematic region. No significant modification of the τ 2 /τ 1 observable for track-based jets in Pb-Pb collisions is observed relative to vacuum PYTHIA6 and PYTHIA8 references at the same collision energy. The measurements of τ 2 /τ 1 , together with the splitting aperture angle ∆ R , are also performed in pp collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:msqrt> </mml:math> = 7 TeV for inclusive jets. These results are compared with PYTHIA calculations at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:msqrt> </mml:math> = 7 TeV, in order to validate the model as a vacuum reference for the Pb-Pb centre-of-mass energy. The PYTHIA references for τ 2 /τ 1 are shifted to larger values compared to the measurement in pp collisions. This hints at a reduction in the rate of two-pronged jets in Pb-Pb collisions compared to pp collisions.
Application of Location Information to SIP (2005)

ConclusionThis chapter describes the management of Location Information at application level. After obtaining the location data from the positioning systems, SIP enables its usage to provide Location Based Services.There are some open issues regarding security and privacy when the information traverses from wireless to wire networks. In Internet the security is performed using basic mechanism and after crossing the border of 3G networks towards public domains, the security is not ensured.
Impact of phase lag on uniformity in pulsed capacitively coupled plasmas (2011)

Process uniformity of macro-scale parameters such as electron and ion densities is critical during any plasma process. Pulsed operation of multiple frequency capacitively coupled plasmas (CCPs) has been shown to improve profile characteristics of features during plasma etching. In this work, we consider pulsing of both power sources in a dual frequency CCP. The impact of phase lag between the high frequency and low frequency power pulses on plasma uniformity is examined using a two-dimensional computational plasma model. Results for Ar/CF4 gas mixture indicate that phase lag allows one to control plasma uniformity by modulating the time for which the high or low frequency source is on.
Tuning of Thermal Stability in Layered Li(NixMnyCoz)O2 (2016)

Understanding and further designing new layered Li(Ni<sub>x</sub>Mn<sub>y</sub>Co<sub>z</sub>)O<sub>2</sub> (NMC) (x + y + z = 1) materials with optimized thermal stability is important to rechargeable Li batteries (LIBs) for electrical vehicles (EV). Using ab initio calculations combined with experiments, we clarified how the thermal stability of NMC materials can be tuned by the most unstable oxygen, which is determined by the local coordination structure unit (LCSU) of oxygen (TM(Ni, Mn, Co)<sub>3</sub>-O-Li<sub>3-x'</sub>): each O atom bonds with three transition metals (TM) from the TM-layer and three to zero Li from fully discharged to charged states from the Li-layer. Under this model, how the lithium content, valence states of Ni, contents of Ni, Mn, and Co, and Ni/Li disorder to tune the thermal stability of NMC materials by affecting the sites, content, and the release temperature of the most unstable oxygen is proposed. The synergistic effect between Li vacancies and raised valence state of Ni during delithiation process can aggravate instability of oxygen, and oxygen coordinated with more nickel (especially with high valence state) in LSCU becomes more unstable at a fixed delithiation state. The Ni/Li mixing would decrease the thermal stability of the "Ni═Mn" group NMC materials but benefit the thermal stability of "Ni-rich" group, because the Ni in the Li layer would form 180° Ni-O-Ni super exchange chains in "Ni-rich" NMC materials. Mn and Co doping can tune the initial valence state of Ni, local coordination environment of oxygen, and the Ni/Li disorder, thus to tune the thermal stability directly.
Effects of aberrations and specimen structure in confocal and two-photon microscopy (2009)

A little known consequence of aberrations is the effect on image contrast of different specimen structures. We have modelled and observed the variation in intensity for different structures and the reduction in contrast of small objects within a large background signal.
Spectrum-sliced fiber amplifier light source with a polarization-insensitive electroabsorption modulator (1994)

We report the measured SNR of both polarized and unpolarized ASE light of an EDFA spectrum-sliced with various optical bandwidths. The results were in a good agreement (<1 dB) with the theoretically calculated values. We also compared the BER performance of these light sources. When an unpolarized ASE source was used with a polarization-insensitive electroabsorption modulator, the equivalent optical bandwidth needed for error-free transmission of 1.7-Gb/s data was only 0.68 mm.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Sialobiology: Structure, Biosynthesis and Function. Sialic Acid Glycoconjugates in Health and Disease (2013)

International audience
Effect of Cimetidine on Serum Gastrin and Gastric Emptying in Man (1978)

Paired studies of gastric emptying were performed in 10 healthy volunteers using a scintiscanning technique which provides information about the rate of emptying of both the liquid and solid components of a standard meal. Emptying rates of both components were not significantly different after oral administration of 400 mg cimetidine than after placebo. The increase in serum gastrin concentration produced by the meal was significantly greater after cimetidine than after placebo but there was no relationship between individual cimetidine-placebo differences in gastrin response and the corresponding cimetidine-placebo differences in rates of emptying. A positive correlation was demonstrated between the gastric emptying rate of the liquid component and the 1 h cimetidine absorption, indicating that normal individual variation in gastric emptying is probably responsible for much of the normal individual variation in the rate of cimetidine absorption.
Silver Ion Inhibits Ethylene Synthesis and Action in Ripening Fruits1 (1978)

Abstract Ag(I), applied in aqueous solution as AgNO 3 , inhibited ethylene synthesis and ripening of mature green banana fruit slices and pericarp discs of mature green tomato fruit. It also inhibited ethylene production by cortical tissue from post-climacteric apples. Concentrations of Ag(I) which reduced ethylene synthesis had an inconsistent effect on CO 2 production: no effect on banana slices (1.0 m m Ag + ), stimulation in apple tissue (0.1 m m Ag + ), and inhibition in tomato tissue (0.3 m m Ag + ). This was accompanied by a slight amount of tissue necrosis at these concentrations. Of the 7 metallic salts tested, only Ag(I) inhibited ripening and ethylene synthesis at observed non-phytotoxic levels. Inhibition of ripening and ethylene synthesis by Ag(I) was evident in tissue treated with sufficient exogenous ethylene to elicit both responses in control tissue. The inability of applied ethylene to overcome the inhibitory effect of Ag(I) suggests that the silver ion may interfere with the primary action of ethylene in the tissue.
Predictors of heart rate variability and its prognostic significance in chronic kidney disease (2020)

Heart rate variability (HRV), a noninvasive measure of autonomic dysfunction and a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), has not been systematically studied in nondialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Hybrid linear and circular antenna arrays - by Elias Edward Yaacoub (2005)

Thesis (M.E.)--American University of Beirut, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2005.;Advisor: Dr. Karim Kabalan, Professor, Electrical and Computer Engineering.--Member of Committee: Dr. Ali El-Hajj, Professor, Electrical and Computer Engine