gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF MUTUAL COUPLING ON CAPACITY OF MIMO WIRELESS CHANNELS IN HIGH SNR SCENARIO (2006)

Theoretical results on the effect of antenna mutual coupling (MC) on capacity of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless channels are presented in this paper with particular emphasis on the case of high signal to noise ratio (SNR) scenario.Two cases are considered, 1-channel capacity variations due to MC effect on correlation properties and target average receive SNR and 2channel capacity variations due to MC effect on correlation properties at fixed average receive SNR.It is shown that the effect of MC on MIMO channel capacity can be positive or negative depending on the propagation environment spatial correlation properties and the characteristics of the transmitter and receiver MC matrices.Conditions where MC has positive and negative effects on MIMO channel capacity in the two considered cases are identified.Numerical results for half wavelength dipole antenna supporting the theoretical observations are presented.
Experimental development of nuclear pumped laser candidate inertial confinement fusion driver. Technical progress report, Phase 1, 1988--1989 (1989)

This progress report is submitted at the end of the first year of a 3-year project grant studying development of a nuclear pumped atomic iodine laser. The first section of the report will provide background on the study and briefly describe the original plans for the 3-year project. The second section will detail the work done to date. Included will be a description of the preparations made for experimentation, as well as some preliminary results recently obtained. Plans for the upcoming budget year are covered in the accompanying proposal, ``Project Plans for 1989--1990.``
Structure of human coagulation activated factor VII (2000)

Activated factor VII (FVIIa) is a trypsin-like serine protease that plays a key role in the initiation of the blood coagulation cascade. FVIIa, which comprises a light chain (152 residues) and a heavy chain (254 residues) linked by a disulphide bond, is generated by the cleavage of the Arg152-Ile153 peptide bond in factor (F)VII. While a corresponding internal peptide bond cleavage unleashes the activity of other trypsin-like enzymes, FVIIa is unusual in that it remains in a zymogen-like state after cleavage and only becomes an efficient catalyst when associated with tissue factor, its protein cofactor and allosteric regulator. We have determined the structure of free FVIIa lacking the gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) domain as a means to elucidate the molecular reasons for its poor activity when not bound to tissue factor and the conformational changes induced by its association with tissue factor.
Designing smart temperature sensors in standard CMOS (2008)

A smart sensor is an integrated system consisting of a sensor and its associated interface electronics. Manufacturing smart sensors in standard CMOS processes has many advantages, such as low-cost, small size, increased robustness and functionality. However, CMOS processes are usually not optimized for sensors, and so the characteristics of the resulting sensors exhibit considerable process spread.
[Controlled study on treatment of cervical spondylopathy of the nerve root type with acupuncture, moxibustion and massage as main]. (2006)

Comprehensive program of acupuncture, moxibustion and massage as main is safe and effective for treatment of cervical spondylopathy, with a better therapeutic effect compared with the comprehensive program of physical therapy.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Aging Frailty (2018)

Chronic diseases and degenerative conditions are strongly linked with the geriatric syndrome of frailty and account for a disproportionate percentage of the health care budget. Frailty increases the risk of falls, hospitalization, institutionalization, disability, and death. By definition, frailty syndrome is characterized by declines in lean body mass, strength, endurance, balance, gait speed, activity and energy levels, and organ physiologic reserve. Collectively, these changes lead to the loss of homeostasis and capability to withstand stressors and resulting vulnerabilities. There is a strong link between frailty, inflammation, and the impaired ability to repair tissue injury due to decreases in endogenous stem cell production. Although exercise and nutritional supplementation provide benefit to frail patients, there are currently no specific therapies for frailty. Bone marrow-derived allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) provide therapeutic benefits in heart failure patients irrespective of age. MSCs contribute to cellular repair and tissue regeneration through their multilineage differentiation capacity, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects, homing and migratory capacity to injury sites, and stimulatory effect on endogenous tissue progenitors. The advantages of using MSCs as a therapeutic strategy include standardization of isolation and culture expansion techniques and safety in allogeneic transplantation. Based on this evidence, we performed a randomized, double-blinded, dose-finding study in elderly, frail individuals and showed that intravenously delivered allogeneic MSCs are safe and produce significant improvements in physical performance measures and inflammatory biomarkers. We thus propose that frailty can be treated and the link between frailty and chronic inflammation offers a potential therapeutic target, addressable by cell therapy.
On privacy preservation against adversarial data mining (2006)

Privacy preserving data processing has become an important topic recently because of advances in hardware technology which have lead to widespread proliferation of demographic and sensitive data. A rudimentary way to preserve privacy is to simply hide the information in some of the sensitive fields picked by a user. However, such a method is far from satisfactory in its ability to prevent adversarial data mining. Real data records are not randomly distributed. As a result, some fields in the records may be correlated with one another. If the correlation is sufficiently high, it may be possible for an adversary to predict some of the sensitive fields using other fields.In this paper, we study the problem of privacy preservation against adversarial data mining, which is to hide a minimal set of entries so that the privacy of the sensitive fields are satisfactorily preserved. In other words, even by data mining, an adversary still cannot accurately recover the hidden data entries. We model the problem concisely and develop an efficient heuristic algorithm which can find good solutions in practice. An extensive performance study is conducted on both synthetic and real data sets to examine the effectiveness of our approach.
Progress towards λ/20 extreme ultraviolet interferometry (1995)

Diffraction-limited optical imaging systems for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography require wave front aberrations to be limited to a fraction of the EUV wavelength. Surface figure metrology and wave front measurement at this level of accuracy represent key challenges in the development of EUV lithography. We have constructed and operated a wave front measuring interferometer at 12–13 nm wavelength. This interferometer is being used to measure the aberrations in 0.1 numerical aperture Fresnel zone plate lenses. Factors limiting the resolution and accuracy of the interferometer were studied. Substantial progress toward λ/20 wave front measurement accuracy has been made.
Focus on sexual dysfunction, tissue engineering, gene therapy: highlights from the first fall meeting of the society for the study of impotence october 1-3, 1999, Boston. (2000)

Many of the major investigators in the field of impotence participated in this well-attended first meeting of the society (outside of the meetings held at the annual meeting of the American Urological Association [AUA]). Topics included both male and female sexual dysfunction. The proceedings of the meeting were published in a supplement to the International Journal of Impotence Research (1999;11[suppl 1]:S1–S92).
Use of Segmental Multifrequency Bioimpedance Spectroscopy in Hemodialysis (2005)

Whole body bioimpedance (BI) appears to be accurate and reproducible in the assessment of body composition, but does not appear useful for estimation of dry weight. Segmental BI has been used for the assessment of muscle mass in body segments, such as arms or legs and may be useful for rehabilitation studies. A promising new development is the application of segmental BI for dry weight determination. Changes in extracellular volume of the calf are recorded continuously during HD, thereby allowing the detection of a time-point at which no further volume is removed from the calf despite ongoing ultrafiltration (UF). Continuation of UF beyond this point is associated with an increased risk of intradialytic hypotension. This new technology may help optimizing the prescription of dry weight and UF rates in hemodialysis patients.
Oxygen-dependent proton efflux in cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). [Anabaena variabilis] (1984)

Tuberculosis epidemiology demonstrates a special spatio-temporal distribution pattern. Wenchuan earthquake has effects especially on mortality rate. Natural, demographic, and social factors also contribute.
Self-aligned myofibers in 3D bioprinted extracellular matrix-based construct accelerate skeletal muscle function restoration (2021)

To achieve rapid skeletal muscle function restoration, many attempts have been made to bioengineer functional muscle constructs by employing physical, biochemical, or biological cues. Here, we develop a self-aligned skeletal muscle construct by printing a photo-crosslinkable skeletal muscle extracellular matrix-derived bioink together with poly(vinyl alcohol) that contains human muscle progenitor cells. To induce the self-alignment of human muscle progenitor cells, <i>in situ</i> uniaxially aligned micro-topographical structure in the printed constructs is created by a fibrillation/leaching of poly(vinyl alcohol) after the printing process. The <i>in vitro</i> results demonstrate that the synergistic effect of tissue-specific biochemical signals (obtained from the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix-derived bioink) and topographical cues [obtained from the poly(vinyl alcohol) fibrillation] improves the myogenic differentiation of the printed human muscle progenitor cells with cellular alignment. Moreover, this self-aligned muscle construct shows the accelerated integration with neural networks and vascular ingrowth <i>in vivo</i>, resulting in rapid restoration of muscle function. We demonstrate that combined biochemical and topographic cues on the 3D bioprinted skeletal muscle constructs can effectively reconstruct the extensive muscle defect injuries.
Wavelet folding and decorrelation across the scale (2002)

The discrete wavelet transform (DWT) gives a compact multiscale representation of signals and provides a hierarchical structure for signal processing. It has been assumed the DWT can fairly well decorrelate real-world signals. However a residual dependency structure still remains between wavelet coefficients. It has been observed magnitudes of wavelet coefficients are highly correlated, both across the scale and at neighboring spatial locations. In this paper we present a wavelet folding technique, which folds wavelet coefficients across the scale and removes the across-the-scale dependence to a larger extent. It produces an even more compact signal representation and the energy is more concentrated in a few large coefficients. It has a great potential in applications such as image compression.
OS1106 Microscopic Deformation of Apatite/Collagen Composite Structure of Bone Tissue (2011)

Bone has a hierarchical structure from macroscopic to microscopic levels and is often regarded as a composite material consisting of apatite crystals and organic matrix in microscopic scale. Microscopic bone quality changes with age. Recent studies suggest that osteoporosis is not just a simple loss of bone mass, but involves significant changes in the biochemical and physical properties of the collagen matrix. Irradiating high intensity X-ray into bone, both of small angle scattering by collagen matrix and wide angle diffraction by HAp crystals occur simultaneously. In this experiment, both structural changes between collagen matrix and HAp crystals in bone are observed by synchrotron X-ray diffraction in combination with micro-compressive device for dynamic image guided failure assessment. Then the difference of behaviors by aging, the aging effects on structural and mechanical properties of bone will be cleared.
Measurement of quarkonium production cross sections in pp collisions at √s =13 TeV (2018)

SEIDI, CPAN, PCTI and FEDER (Spain); Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie program and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract No. 675440 (European Union); the Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias.
Derivation of a Screening Tool to Identify Patients with Right Ventricular Dysfunction or Tricuspid Regurgitation after Negative Computerized Tomographic Pulmonary Angiography of the Chest (2015)

Many dyspneic patients who undergo computerized tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) for presumed acute pulmonary embolism (PE) have no identified cause for their dyspnea yet have persistent symptoms, leading to more CTPA scanning. Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction or overload can signal treatable causes of dyspnea. We report the rate of isolated RV dysfunction or overload after negative CTPA and derive a clinical decision rule (CDR). We performed secondary analysis of a multicenter study of diagnostic accuracy for PE. Inclusion required persistent dyspnea and no PE. Echocardiography was ordered at clinician discretion. A characterization of isolated RV dysfunction or overload required normal left ventricular function and RV hypokinesis, or estimated RV systolic pressure of at least 40 mmHg. The CDR was derived from bivariate analysis of 97 candidate variables, followed by multivariate logistic regression. Of 647 patients, 431 had no PE and persistent dyspnea, and 184 (43%) of these 431 had echocardiography ordered. Of these, 64 patients (35% [95% confidence interval (CI): 28%-42%]) had isolated RV dysfunction or overload, and these patients were significantly more likely to have a repeat CTPA within 90 days (P = .02, [Formula: see text] test). From univariate analysis, 4 variables predicted isolated RV dysfunction: complete right bundle branch block, normal CTPA scan, active malignancy, and CTPA with infiltrate, the last negatively. Logistic regression found only normal CTPA scanning significant. The final rule (persistent dyspnea + normal CTPA scan) had a positive predictive value of 53% (95% CI: 37%-69%). We conclude that a simple CDR consisting of persistent dyspnea plus a normal CTPA scan predicts a high probability of isolated RV dysfunction or overload on echocardiography.
Surface Modification of Porous Silicon by Electrochemical Reduction of Organo Halides (1999)

Functionalization of hydride-terminated porous and single-crystal silicon surfaces with organic species is accomplished by electrochemical reduction of organo iodides and organo bromides (see scheme). This new method is fast and efficient, and achieves high surface coverage with functionalized and nonfunctionalized alkyl and benzyl groups within minutes.
Link scheduling in multi-transmit-receive wireless networks (2011)

This paper investigates the problem of link scheduling to meet traffic demands with minimum airtime in a multi-transmit-receive (MTR) wireless network. MTR networks are a new class of networks, in which each node can simultaneously transmit to a number of other nodes, or simultaneously receive from a number of other nodes. The MTR capability can be enabled by the use of multiple directional antennas or multiple channels. Potentially, MTR can boost the network capacity significantly. However, link scheduling that makes full use of the MTR capability must be in place before this can happen. We show that optimal link scheduling can be formulated as a linear program (LP). However, the problem is NP-hard because we need to find all the maximal independent sets in a graph first. We propose two computationally efficient algorithms, called Heavy-Weight-First (HWF) and Max-Degree-First (MDF) to solve this problem. Simulation results show that both HWF and MDF can achieve superior performance in terms of runtime and optimality.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylation of Aryl Iodides with Sulfinamides (2015)

Abstract A facile palladium(0)‐catalyzed carbonylative protocol for the generation of new acyl‐sulfinamides in moderate to good yields is described. Aliphatic and aromatic sulfinamides were exploited as hitherto unexplored nucleophiles in carbonylation chemistry, with use of CO gas generated ex situ from Mo(CO) 6 in a sealed two‐chamber system. Both electron‐poor and electron‐rich (hetero)aryl iodides were employed as electrophiles. The two‐chamber system and the use of an inorganic base were essential for efficacious synthesis of acyl‐sulfinamide products. Finally, it was demonstrated that a one‐pot (or single‐vial) synthesis of acyl‐sulfinamides was feasible under CO at balloon pressure in the presence of Cs 2 CO 3 as base.
Quality of Life in the Antiarrhythmics Versus Implantable Defibrillators Trial (2002)

ICD and AAD therapy are associated with similar alterations in self-perceived QoL over 1-year follow-up. Adverse symptoms were associated with reduced self-perceived QoL in both groups, and sporadic shocks were associated with reduced QoL in ICD recipients.
Cebranopadol, a novel first-in-class analgesic drug candidate: first experience in patients with chronic low back pain in a randomized clinical trial (2017)

Chronic low back pain (LBP) is a common condition, usually with the involvement of nociceptive and neuropathic pain components, high economic burden and impact on quality of life. Cebranopadol is a potent, first-in-class drug candidate with a novel mechanistic approach, combining nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide and opioid peptide receptor agonism. We conducted the first phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo- and active-controlled trial, evaluating the analgesic efficacy, safety, and tolerability of cebranopadol in patients with moderate-to-severe chronic LBP with and without neuropathic pain component. Patients were treated for 14 weeks with cebranopadol 200, 400, or 600 μg once daily, tapentadol 200 mg twice daily, or placebo. The primary efficacy endpoints were the change from baseline pain to the weekly average 24-hour pain during the entire 12 weeks and during week 12 of the maintenance phase. Cebranopadol demonstrated analgesic efficacy, with statistically significant and clinically relevant improvements over placebo for all doses as did tapentadol. The responder analysis (≥30% or ≥50% pain reduction) confirmed these results. Cebranopadol and tapentadol displayed beneficial effects on sleep and functionality. Cebranopadol treatment was safe, with higher doses leading to higher treatment discontinuations because of treatment-emergent adverse events occurring mostly during titration. Those patients reaching the target doses had an acceptable tolerability profile. The incidence rate of most frequently reported treatment-emergent adverse events during maintenance phase was ≤10%. Although further optimizing the titration scheme to the optimal dose for individual patients is essential, cebranopadol is a new drug candidate with a novel mechanistic approach for potential chronic LBP treatment.
Micro- and nanochamber array system for single enzyme assays (2023)

Abstract Arrays of small reaction containers, ranging from 624 femtoliters (10 -15 L) to 270 attoliters (10 -18 L), for capturing a single enzyme molecule and measuring the activity were developed together with a new reversible sealing system based on a pneumatic valve actuator made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The valve was actuated by PBS solution, effectively preventing evaporation of the solution from the micro- and nanochambers and allowing the assay to be carried out over a long period of time. The hydrolysis rates of β -D-galactosidase ( β -gal), k cat , were decreased according to the chamber size decrease, and the overall tendency seems to be symmetrical relationship to the specific surface area of the chambers even under the prevented condition of non-specific adsorption. The spatial localisation of the protons in the chambers, which might could affect the dissociation state of the proteins, was also investigated to explain the decrease in the hydrolysis rate. The developed chamber system developed here may be useful for artificially reproducing the confined intracellular environments and molecular crowding conditions.
Macromol. Rapid Commun. 9/2013 (2013)

Frontispiece: Selective quenching of the dual fluorescence from poly(fluorene) and poly(thiophene) blocks of the cationic, all-conjugated AB diblock copolymer poly[9,9-bis(2-ethylhexyl)fluorene]-b-poly[3-(6-trimethylammoniumhexyl) thiophene] bromide (PF2/6-b-P3TMAHT) is shown to provide a sensitive and selective ratiometric method for sensing halide ions, single and double stranded DNA. It has potential for both analysis and imaging of other negatively charged species of chemical and biological interest. Further details can be found in the article by S. M. Fonseca,* R. P. Galvão, H. D. Burrows,* A. Gutacker,* U. Scherf, and G. C. Bazan on page 717.
Simulation, fabrication and evaluation of microinductor-based artificial tactile mechanoreceptor embedded in PDMS (2003)

A micromachined planar spiral inductor was created for the use of a passive mechanoreceptor element in a practical skin-like tactile sensor. This paper shows the results of a simulation of the receptor element that changes inductance when largely deformed. We also report a modified method of fabrication that improves durability dramatically. Finally, we evaluated the validation of the simulation method.
Efficient two step edge based partial distortion search for fast block motion estimation (2009)

In video coding, block based full search motion estimation algorithm has been widely used, but it suffers from high computational requirements. In order to reduce the computations, this paper proposes a novel edge based partial distortion search (EPDS) algorithm which reduces the computation of each distortion measure by using partial distortion search. In this algorithm, the entire macroblock (MB) is divided into different sub-blocks and the calculation order of partial distortion is determined based on the edge strength of sub-blocks. This algorithm adaptively changes the early termination threshold for every accumulated partial sum of absolute difference. In the proposed method, only selected numbers of search points are considered for candidate motion vectors. An efficient early termination method, which is based on the dynamic threshold, is also proposed to decide whether a search point has met the Rate-Distortion (RD) cost criterion so that the best search point can be determined early. Simulation results show that the proposed method offers a remarkable improvement in computational speed when compared to full search (FS) and normalized partial distortion search (NPDS) algorithms. The proposed method is 115 times faster than FS, 10 times faster than NPDS and 2 times faster than the dual halfway stop NPDS (DHS-NPDS) on an average. PSNR degradation of the proposed algorithm is negligible and in the region of 0.01 dB. The proposed method can be easily applied to many mobile video application areas such as digital cameras and DMB (Digital Multimedia Broadcasting) phones <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> .