gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
2A2-A05 Development of a High-strength and Lightweight White Cane Fabricated Using Reinforced Plastic and Evaluation of the Upper Limb Load during Two-point-touch Motion(Tactile and Force Sensing (2)) (2013)

We developed a novel white cane fabricated using aramid-fiber-reinforced plastic. In this study, impact resistance of each canes were evaluated in strength test. In addition, to evaluate physical loads regarding to actual operation, electromyography of upper limb muscles are measured during touch motions with each two cane. These results show that the new cane is less than half the weight, and high impact resistance compared to a conventional cane fabricated using carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic. Moreover, muscle loads of wrist flexion muscles during touch motion can be reduced by about 20%. On the other hand, the load of the extensor carpi ulnaris muscle was increased.
In Vivo Imaging of Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptors in Mouse Lungs: A Biomarker of Inflammation (2005)

The ability to visualize the immune response with radioligands targeted to immune cells will enhance our understanding of cellular responses in inflammatory diseases. Peripheral benzodiazepine receptors (PBR) are present in monocytes and neutrophils as well as in lung tissue. We used lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a model of inflammation to assess whether the PBR could be used as a noninvasive marker of inflammation in the lungs. Planar imaging of mice administrated 10 or 30 mg/kg LPS showed increased [(123)I]-(R)-PK11195 radioactivity in the thorax 2 days after LPS treatment relative to control. Following imaging, lungs from control and LPS-treated mice were harvested for ex vivo gamma counting and showed significantly increased radioactivity above control levels. The specificity of the PBR response was determined using a blocking dose of nonradioactive PK11195 given 30 min prior to radiotracer injection. Static planar images of the thorax of nonradioactive PK11195 pretreated animals showed a significantly lower level of radiotracer accumulation in control and in LPS-treated animals (p < .05). These data show that LPS induces specific increases in PBR ligand binding in the lungs. We also used in vivo small-animal PET studies to demonstrate increased [(11)C]-(R)-PK11195 accumulation in the lungs of LPS-treated mice. This study suggests that measuring PBR expression using in vivo imaging techniques may be a useful biomarker to image lung inflammation.
Doxorubicin supplemented with pravastatin in lipid nanoemulsion induces antineoplastic activity with limited hepatotoxicity and cardiotoxicity in tumor-bearing mice (2021)

Doxorubicin (DXR) is widely indicated as anticancer drug, but serious cardiotoxicity limits its clinical application. Recently, Pravastatin (PS) is one of the statins that appear to possess a potential role in cancer therapy despite its hepatotoxicity. Interestingly, drug delivery systems are designed for targeted and controlled delivery of one or more drugs loaded in nanoparticles, holding an enormous potential in therapeutics. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to assess the tolerability of a novel nanoemulsion formulation holding DXR and pravastatin (DXR+PS/LNE) in Swiss albino mice bearing Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC). The efficacy and tolerability of nanoemulsion formulation was assessed by monitoring body weight changes, biochemical and histopathological profiles of cardiac and hepatic tissues. The formulated DXR+PS/ LNE has mean droplet diameter of 139.90Â±3.85 nm. The present findings indicated that DXR+PS/LNE caused a significant decrease in body weight change and a 217.35 % increase in the mean survival time compared to EAC-challenged mice. In addition, no significant changes in biochemical parameters were detected compared to corresponding controls. The current preclinical results suggest that the nanoemulsion formulation of doxorubicin with pravastatin could be a promising novel cancer therapy, in terms of tolerability.
Optimal symbol misalignment estimation in asynchronous physical-layer network coding (2017)

In practical asynchronous physical-layer network coding (PNC) systems, the symbols from multiple transmitters to a common receiver may be misaligned. The good performance of an asynchronous PNC decoder hinges on accurate estimation of the symbol misalignment. This paper puts forth an optimal symbol misalignment estimator that considerably improves the estimation accuracy over prior schemes. Our scheme makes use of double baud-rate sampling of the received preambles consisting of Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequences used by different transmitters. The sampling process is information-lossless because the double baud-rate samples capture all the information embedded in the continuous-time signal shaped by the assumed root-raised-cosine (RRC) pulse. The estimation consists of three steps: (i) cross-correlation of the double baud-rate samples with “interpolated double baud-rate ZC sequences” (ii) noise whitening; (iii) maximum likelihood (ML) estimation of the symbol misalignment. Extensive simulations show that the mean-square-error (MSE) performance of our estimator is superior to that of the baudrate estimator - e.g., for the RRC pulse with roll-off factor 1, our double baud-rate estimator yields improvement 8 dB over the baud-rate estimator. Furthermore, our double baudrate estimator yields square errors of less than 0.001 with 90% probability when the SNR is 10 dB in both AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels.
The Ste5 Scaffold Allosterically Modulates Signaling Output of the Yeast Mating Pathway (2006)

Scaffold proteins organize signaling proteins into pathways and are often viewed as passive assembly platforms. We found that the Ste5 scaffold has a more active role in the yeast mating pathway: A fragment of Ste5 allosterically activated autophosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase Fus3. The resulting form of Fus3 is partially active-it is phosphorylated on only one of two key residues in the activation loop. Unexpectedly, at a systems level, autoactivated Fus3 appears to have a negative regulatory role, promoting Ste5 phosphorylation and a decrease in pathway transcriptional output. Thus, scaffolds not only direct basic pathway connectivity but can precisely tune quantitative pathway input-output properties.
Low Threshold Supercontinuum Generation in Highly Nonlinear Robust Step-Index Chalcogenide Nanotapers (2013)

We generate low-threshold supercontinuum spanning the wavelength range 1‒2 μm in highly nonlinear and mechanically robust step-index chalcogenide nanotapers. The high index-contrast improves the mode confinement and increases the waveguide dispersion in the nanotapers.
The Signal to Noise Ratio in Speckle Interferometry (1979)

Abstract Recent theoretical studies of the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of photon limited speckle (image plane) interferometry are reviewed. The SNR of an estimate of the object power spectrum is evaluated for both the single and double aperture cases, for arbitrary light levels. The SNR for the auto-correlation function method of analysis is also given for the low light level case and applied to the special case of binary star observations. The SNRs for the power spectrum and autocorrelation function analyses are compared and a comparison is also made between speckle (image plane) and amplitude (pupil or aperture plane) interferometry. Limiting observable magnitudes are estimated for some relevant cases.
Caractérisation diélectrique de substrats MID/LDS (2012)

National audience
Thinking Outside the Bill: Connecting People to Affordable Service (2022)

Key Takeaways It is incumbent upon water utilities to ensure affordable services for customers who may be struggling more than ever to keep up with rate increases and other economic challenges. The third edition of a guide from AWWA helps utilities assess water affordability issues in their community and determine the best ways to support customers while managing their own costs. Through research, collaboration, and communication, a utility can develop affordability programs and other strategies to effectively benefit its customers.
Antimicrobial activity of omwaprin, a new member of the waprin family of snake venom proteins (2007)

We have isolated and characterized omwaprin, a 50-amino-acid cationic protein from the venom of inland taipan (Oxyuranus microlepidotus). It is a new member of the waprin family of snake venom proteins. A synthetic gene was designed and constructed for expressing the recombinant protein in Escherichia coli. Recombinant omwaprin was used for carrying out functional analyses. The protein is non-toxic to Swiss albino mice at doses of up to 10 mg/kg when administered intraperitoneally. However, it shows selective and dose-dependant antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. The minimum inhibitory doses were in the range 2-10 microg for selected species of bacteria in radial diffusion assays. The antibacterial activity is salt-tolerant up to 350 mM NaCl. However, omwaprin lost its antibacterial activity upon reduction and alkylation of its cysteine residues, or upon deletion of six N-terminal amino acid residues, four of which are positively charged. These observations indicate that the three-dimensional structure constrained by four disulfide bonds and the N-terminal residues are essential for its activity. The mechanism of action is via membrane disruption, as shown by scanning electron microscopy. Importantly, omwaprin lacks haemolytic activity on human erythrocytes. This demonstrates the specificity of omwaprin for bacterial membranes. Unlike other reported WAP (whey acidic protein) domain-containing antibacterial proteins, including elafin, EPPIN (epididymal proteinase inhibitor), SWAM1 and SWAM2 [single WAP (whey acidic protein) motif proteins 1 and 2] and SLPI (secretory leucocyte proteinase inhibitor), omwaprin shows species-specific activity on the Gram-positive bacteria tested.
45.1: An Improved Method for Lifetime Prediction Based on Decoupling of the Joule Self‐Heating Effect from Coulombic Degradation in Accelerated Aging Tests of OLEDs (2014)

Abstract We successfully improved the prediction accuracy of the driving lifetime in organic light emitting diodes based on numerical fitting of the luminous degradation curves and the decoupling of the self‐heating effect from coulombic effects. Model phosphorescent multilayer OLEDs with CBP:Ir(ppy) 3 emission layers are used.
SwissBox: An Architecture for Data Processing Appliances (2011)

www.systems.ethz.ch Database appliances offer fully integrated hardware, storage, operating system, database, and related software in a single package. Database appliances have a relatively long history but the advent of multicore architectures and cloud computing have facilitated and accelerated the demand for such integrated solutions. Database appliances represent a significant departure from the architecture of traditional systems mainly because of the cross layer optimizations that are possible. In this paper we describe SwissBox, an architecture for data processing appliances being developed at the Systems Group of ETH Zurich. SwissBox combines a number of innovations at all system levels – from customized hardware (FPGAs), an operating systems that treats multicore machines as distributed systems (Barrelfish), to an elastic storage manager that takes advantage of both muticores and clusters (Crescando) – to provide a completely new platform for system development and database research. In the paper we motivate the architecture with several use cases and discuss each one of its components in detail, pointing out the challenges to solve and the advantages that cross-layer optimizations can bring in practice. 1.
Nineteenth Annual Pezcoller Symposium: Hypothesis-Driven Clinical Investigation in Cancer (2007)

This symposium was held in Trento, Italy, from June 14 to 16, 2007, and was co chaired by William G. Kaelin, Enrico Mihich, and Charles L. Sawyers. A session was devoted to the proof of concept derived from successes in target-oriented therapeutics. Molecular targets must be identified in each patients because they are equally present in all patients with the same tumor type. A session was devoted to the identification of markers of drug effectiveness. Two sessions were focused on opportunities for developing new specific molecular target-oriented therapies.
Nutritional Qualities and Biochemical Parameters of Two Honeys from Côte d’Ivoire (2022)

For characterizing the nutritional quality of two honeys from Côte d'Ivoire, a collection of 18 samples from the cities of Kouto (North) and Touba (West) was carried out during three periods. A biochemical analysis of the honeys was performed then the glycemic index (GI) and load (GL) of two samples, one from each locality was determined. The results indicate that these honeys were rich in total sugars (77.28 g/100g DM) and in reducing sugars (71.21 g/100g DM). They contained calcium (12.85 mg/100g DM), magnesium (17.61 mg/100g DM) and phosphorus (13.47 mg/100g DM). On average, they had an ash content of 0.30 g/100g DM, a titratable acidity of 56.1 mEq/Kg with an acid pH equal to 3, polyphenol contents of 60.39 mg/100gDM and flavonoids of 5.83 mg/100g DM. Kouto honey (50.74) was lower GI food than Touba honey (57.20). Nevertheless, these two honeys carry high glycemic loads. Given their high sugar content, these honeys could be high-risk foods for overweight and diabetic populations.
ChemInform Abstract: Pictet‐Spengler Reactions in Aprotic Media. Stereospecific Conversion of Optically Active cis‐1,3‐Disubstituted 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydro‐β‐carbolines into Their Corresponding trans‐Diastereomers. (1988)

Abstract Cyclocondensation reaction of methylbenzyltryptophan methyl ester (I) with the formylpropionate (II) in refluxing benzene results with predominance of the trans‐tetrahydro‐β‐carboline (III).
Effects of Recombinant Human Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Superagonists on Thyroidal Uptake of 18 F-Fluorodeoxyglucose and Radioiodide (2011)

TR1401 and TR1402 have considerably higher potency than hTSH to stimulate thyroidal iodide and (18)F-FDG uptake in vitro. Moreover, in vivo studies indicated that at low but not higher doses, TR1401 induced an enhanced ability for the thyroid to concentrate iodide compared with hTSH. These properties makes TR1401 and TR1402 interesting candidates for use in humans to enhance uptake of radioiodine and (18)F-FDG by metastases and recurrences of thyroid carcinoma.
Secured Web access (2002)

We discuss various secured Web access schemes using dynamic and static approaches. In a static approach the access environment, that is, the set of authorized users, the mode of access, their access rights, etc., are predefined. This approach is suitable only for a static set up where the user requirements do not change frequently. In the dynamic approach, on the other hand, the authorized user set is defined when Web pages access requests appear. An interested user to the Web is authenticated by necessary information provided by the user. Once the information is verified, the user is either given conditional access, timed access, or full access only to the information relevant to the user.
Nanosession: Ionics ‐ Lattice Disorder and Grain Boundaries (2012)

In this chapter, VE- positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) measurements are reported on a series of Fe-doped SrTiO3 (STO) thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Fe-doped SrTiO3 thin films provide an insightful model system for the study of resistive switching memory device mechanisms. The chapter presents the ab initio calculations to address the defect structure of β-Ga2O3. Homoepitaxial STO thin films are a suitable oxide model system to investigate the effect of defects on the electrical properties. The initial conductivity of STO can be enhanced by introduction of donor or acceptor dopants or intrinsic point defects by increasing the oxygen vacancy concentration. Bulk polycrystalline thermistor ceramics on BaTiO3-basis with positive temperature coefficient (PTC) posses an increasing current limiting electric insulation resistance when they are heated above the Curie temperature Tc of the ferroelectric compound BaTiO3. Acceptor doped LaMO3 materials have attractive magnetic and electrical properties and possess ferroelasticity. Controlled Vocabulary Terms ceramics; ferroelectric materials; oxygen; switching; thin films
Unsupervised Anomaly Detection in 3D Brain MRI using Deep Learning with impured training data (2022)

The detection of lesions in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-scans of human brains remains challenging, time-consuming and error-prone. Recently, unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) methods have shown promising results for this task. These methods rely on training data sets that solely contain healthy samples. Compared to supervised approaches, this significantly reduces the need for an extensive amount of labeled training data. However, data labelling remains error-prone. We study how unhealthy samples within the training data affect anomaly detection performance for brain MRI-scans. For our evaluations, we consider three publicly available data sets and use autoencoders (AE) as a well-established baseline method for UAD. We systematically evaluate the effect of impured training data by injecting different quantities of unhealthy samples to our training set of healthy samples from T1-weighted MRI-scans. We evaluate a method to identify falsely labeled samples directly during training based on the reconstruction error of the AE. Our results show that training with impured data decreases the UAD performance notably even with few falsely labeled samples. By performing outlier removal directly during training based on the reconstruction-loss, we demonstrate that falsely labeled data can be detected and removed to mitigate the effect of falsely labeled data. Overall, we highlight the importance of clean data sets for UAD in brain MRI and demonstrate an approach for detecting falsely labeled data directly during training.
Acoustic noise in inductive power components (2013)

This paper deals with the acoustic emissions of PWM-operated inductive components in the medium frequency range. It is shown with measurements that the noise emissions are primarily caused by magnetostriction, an induction-dependent dimensional change of the magnetic core. The influences of various modulation parameters on the sound pressure level spectra of two prototypes are measured and analyzed. It is confirmed that the emitted sound is proportional to the square of the magnetic flux density.
A four element, planar, compact UWB MIMO antenna with WLAN band rejection capabilities (2020)

Abstract A planar, compact UWB MIMO antenna with four elements that accomplish band rejection from 4.91 to 6.41 GHz is presented. Rejection is accomplished using an L‐C stub connected to the ground plane. The length of the stub is changed to reject the band starting from 2.5 GHz to above 8.8 GHz. The perpendicular placement of the elements enables polarization diversity and attains high isolation. Elements 3 and 4 are 180° mirrored transforms of elements 1 and 2 on the opposite corners of the substrate. The antenna measures 50 × 50 mm 2 only with all four elements placed. The simulated results are validated by measurements of a fabricated prototype. The design attains the targeted specifications over the entire bandwidth of 2 to 12 GHz with a reflection coefficient better than −10 dB (except the rejected band), isolation more than 17 dB, low envelope correlation, low gain variation and strong rejection of the signals in the WLAN band. The small size and reduced complexity to obtain WLAN rejection makes the proposed design very useful for diversity applications and portable handheld devices with MIMO antennas as designed by panorama antenna.
Computational Modeling of Oxygen Transfer in Artificial Lungs (2018)

Under physiological conditions, up to 97% of the oxygen in blood that is transported from lungs to tissue is bound to hemoglobin. To predict oxygen transfer in artificial lungs on a membrane fiber level with computational fluid dynamics (CFD), previous investigators have incorporated the hemoglobin-oxygen interaction into an effective diffusivity coefficient to modify the convection-diffusion equation. Based on our own simulations and experiments, these approaches tend to significantly overestimate the oxygen transfer. The present study introduces a novel approach to model the oxygen transfer in blood on a fiber level with CFD. Plasma and red blood cells were implemented as two phases and the reaction of hemoglobin and oxygen to oxyhemoglobin was included in the convection-diffusion equation in form of a source term. The model was implemented with the commercial software Ansys CFX 18.1. CFD simulations were compared with in vitro experiments on three micro oxygenators with a staggered fiber configuration under multiple blood flow conditions. To calibrate the model, a reaction rate R<sub>0</sub> was introduced and experimental data was fitted to a blood flow of 50 mL/h. Our model approximated the oxygen transfer rates with a difference, relative to in vitro results, of -23.7 and +6.3% for blood flows of 20 and 90 mL/h, respectively. The effective diffusivity model, used by previous authors, was implemented for comparison and approximated oxygen transfer rates with a difference, relative to in vitro data, of +13.7, +68.8, and +121.0% for blood flows of 20, 50, and 90 mL/h, respectively. A well-established numerical mass transfer correlation approximated the gas transfer with a difference, referenced on the average in vitro data, of 31.8, 13.1, and 5.0% for blood flows of 20, 50, and 90 mL/h, respectively. Even though results are promising, a thorough validation of the model will require extensive CFD and in vitro studies of multiple fiber arrangements, fiber diameters, and therefore fiber bundle porosities in the future. This article should be understood as a first feasibility study to evaluate the potential of the novel oxygen transfer model.
A multiphysics theory for the static contact of deformable conductors with fractal rough surfaces (2014)

In the present paper we are proposing a multi-field and multiscale theory leading to derivations of electric and thermal conductivities for the interface between two rough surfaces in contact activated by mechanical load and electric current pulses. At the macroscale the proposed model involves multi-field coupling of conduction and induction currents with heat conduction induced by Joule heating. The structural mechanics of the conducting materials are also considered. At the mesoscale and microscale the associated model contains an asperity based comprehensive model that leads to homogenized macro scale properties for the interface boundary. The mechanical pressure and the repulsion effect from electric current through the micro-contacts are accounted for as well. Finally, the entire framework is applied to an actual conductor configuration of hollow cylinders under compression and a high current pulse to demonstrate the feasibility of the entire approach. In addition to providing typical results for all selected fields present during the experiment and the simulation, we also provide a comparison between the experimentally acquired resistance histories with the numerically derived ones to address validation aspects of the general multiphysics contact theory.