gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reliability of SiC Power Devices Against Cosmic Radiation-Induced Failure (2007)

Cosmic radiation has been identified as a decisive factor for power device reliability. Energetic neutrons create ionizing recoils within the semiconductor substrate which may lead to device burnout. While this failure mode has gained widespread acceptance for power devices based on silicon the question whether a similar mechanism could also lead to failure of SiC devices was left to be debated. Radiation hardness intrinsic to the SiC material was generally assumed but as experimental data was scarce reliability problems due to radiation-induced device failure could not be ruled out. Recent accelerated testing results now show that cosmic radiation will indeed affect the reliability of SiC power devices, as it is the case for its silicon counterpart, but the problem can be contained very effectively by device design.
Changes in knee adduction moment wearing a variable‐stiffness shoe correlate with changes in pain and mechanically stimulated cartilage oligomeric matrix levels (2020)

This study aimed to determine if changes in knee adduction moment (KAM) after 6 months of variable-stiffness shoe wear are associated with changes in symptoms or serum levels of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) following a mechanical stimulus in subjects with medial knee osteoarthritis (OA). Twenty-five subjects were enrolled in the study and assigned a variable-stiffness shoe, and 19 subjects completed the 6-month follow-up. At baseline and follow-up subjects underwent gait analysis in control and variable-stiffness shoes, completed Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) questionnaires, and serum COMP concentrations were measured immediately before, 3.5 and 5.5 hours after a 30-minute walking activity. Relationships between changes in KAM (first peak and impulse) and changes in (a) COMP levels in response to the 30-minute walking activity and (b) WOMAC scores from baseline to 6-month follow-up were assessed by Pearson correlation coefficients. Changes in first peak KAM were associated with changes in COMP levels 5.5 hours postactivity from baseline to follow-up (R = .564, P = .045). Subjects with greater reductions in KAM had larger decreases in COMP (expressed as a percent of preactivity levels) at follow-up. Subjects with greater reductions in KAM impulse had significantly greater improvements in WOMAC Pain (R = -.56, P = .015) and Function (R = -.52, P = .028) scores at follow-up. The study results demonstrated the magnitude of reduction in the KAM wearing a variable-stiffness shoe is associated with decreases in mechanically stimulated COMP levels and pain/function. This work suggests that interactions between COMP and joint loading during walking should be further investigated in future studies of treatment outcomes in OA.
Neuron-specific alternative RNA processing in neuroendocrine gene expression (1987)

Conference Article| February 01 1987 Neuron-specific alternative RNA processing in neuroendocrine gene expression MICHAEL G. ROSENFELD; MICHAEL G. ROSENFELD *Howard Hughes Medical Institute, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, U.S.A.†Eukaryotic Regulatory Biology Program, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar STUART E. LEFF; STUART E. LEFF *Howard Hughes Medical Institute, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, U.S.A.†Eukaryotic Regulatory Biology Program, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar ANDREW F. RUSSO; ANDREW F. RUSSO †Eukaryotic Regulatory Biology Program, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar RONALD M. EVANS RONALD M. EVANS ‡Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92138, U.S.A.§Molecular Biology and Virology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92138, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1987) 15 (1): 128–131. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0150128 Article history Received: August 11 1986 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation MICHAEL G. ROSENFELD, STUART E. LEFF, ANDREW F. RUSSO, RONALD M. EVANS; Neuron-specific alternative RNA processing in neuroendocrine gene expression. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 1987; 15 (1): 128–131. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0150128 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: CGRP, calcitonin gene-related peptide This content is only available as a PDF. © 1987 Biochemical Society1987 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Highly Efficient Self‐Healing Multifunctional Dressing with Antibacterial Activity for Sutureless Wound Closure and Infected Wound Monitoring (2021)

Wound healing represents a major clinical and public healthcare problem that is frequently challenged by infection risks, detrimental consequences on the surrounding tissues, and difficulties to monitor the healing process. Here we report on a novel self-healing, antibacterial, and multifunctional wound dressing for sutureless wound closure and real-time monitoring of the healing parameters. The self-healing elastomer contains cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and has high mechanical toughness (35 MJ m<sup>-3</sup> ), biocompatibility, and outstanding antibacterial activity (bactericidal rate is ≈90% in 12 h), enabling the wound dressing to effectively inhibit bacterial growth and accelerate infected wound healing. In vivo tests based on full-thickness skin incision model shows that the multifunctional wound dressing can help in contracting wound edges and facilitate wound closure and healing, as could be evidenced by notably dense and well-organized collagen deposition. The test provides an evidence that the integrated sensor array within the multifunctional wound dressing can monitor temperature, pH, and glucose level of the wound area in real-time, providing reliable and timely information of the condition of the wound. Ultimately, the reported multifunctional dressing would be of high value in managing the burden associated with wound healing via personalised monitoring and treatment approaches, digital and other people-centred solutions for health care.
AI Research Associate for Early-Stage Scientific Discovery (2022)

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been increasingly applied in scientific activities for decades; however, it is still far from an insightful and trustworthy collaborator in the scientific process. Most existing AI methods are either too simplistic to be useful in real problems faced by scientists or too domain-specialized (even dogmatized), stifling transformative discoveries or paradigm shifts. We present an AI research associate for early-stage scientific discovery based on (a) a novel minimally-biased ontology for physics-based modeling that is context-aware, interpretable, and generalizable across classical and relativistic physics; (b) automatic search for viable and parsimonious hypotheses, represented at a high-level (via domain-agnostic constructs) with built-in invariants, e.g., postulated forms of conservation principles implied by a presupposed spacetime topology; and (c) automatic compilation of the enumerated hypotheses to domain-specific, interpretable, and trainable/testable tensor-based computation graphs to learn phenomenological relations, e.g., constitutive or material laws, from sparse (and possibly noisy) data sets.
Chiral Interface of Amyloid Beta (Aβ): Relevance to Protein Aging, Aggregation and Neurodegeneration (2020)

Biochirality is the subject of distinct branches of science, including biophysics, biochemistry, the stereochemistry of protein folding, neuroscience, brain functional laterality and bioinformatics. At the protein level, biochirality is closely associated with various post-translational modifications (PTMs) accompanied by the non-equilibrium phase transitions (PhTs <sup>NE</sup>). PTMs <sup>NE</sup> support the dynamic balance of the prevalent chirality of enzymes and their substrates. The stereoselective nature of most biochemical reactions is evident in the enzymatic (Enz) and spontaneous (Sp) PTMs (PTMs <sup>Enz</sup> and PTMs <sup>Sp</sup>) of proteins. Protein chirality, which embraces biophysics and biochemistry, is a subject of this review. In this broad field, we focus attention to the amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide, known for its essential cellular functions and associations with neuropathology. The widely discussed amyloid cascade hypothesis (ACH) of Alzheimer's disease (AD) states that disease pathogenesis is initiated by the oligomerization and subsequent aggregation of the Aβ peptide into plaques. The racemization-induced aggregation of protein and RNA have been extensively studied in the search for the contribution of spontaneous stochastic stereo-specific mechanisms that are common for both kinds of biomolecules. The failure of numerous Aβ drug-targeting therapies requires the reconsolidation of the ACH with the concept of PTMs <sup>Sp</sup>. The progress in methods of chiral discrimination can help overcome previous limitations in the understanding of AD pathogenesis. The primary target of attention becomes the network of stereospecific PTMs that affect the aggregation of many pathogenic agents, including Aβ. Extensive recent experimental results describe the truncated, isomerized and racemized forms of Aβ and the interplay between enzymatic and PTMs <sup>Sp</sup>. Currently, accumulated data suggest that non-enzymatic PTMs <sup>Sp</sup> occur in parallel to an existing metabolic network of enzymatic pathways, meaning that the presence and activity of enzymes does not prevent non-enzymatic reactions from occurring. PTMs <sup>Sp</sup> impact the functions of many proteins and peptides, including Aβ. This is in logical agreement with the silently accepted racemization hypothesis of protein aggregation (RHPA). Therefore, the ACH of AD should be complemented by the concept of PTMs <sup>Sp</sup> and RHPA.
Supplemental Figure S6 from Akt Inhibition Enhances Expansion of Potent Tumor-Specific Lymphocytes with Memory Cell Characteristics (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure S6. 8.Akt inhibition of murine CD8+ T cells increased expression of CD62L and CD27, and decreased expression of CD44.&lt;/p&gt;
BBS6, BBS10, and BBS12 form a complex with CCT/TRiC family chaperonins and mediate BBSome assembly (2010)

Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a human genetic disorder resulting in obesity, retinal degeneration, polydactyly, and nephropathy. Recent studies indicate that trafficking defects to the ciliary membrane are involved in this syndrome. Here, we show that a novel complex composed of three chaperonin-like BBS proteins (BBS6, BBS10, and BBS12) and CCT/TRiC family chaperonins mediates BBSome assembly, which transports vesicles to the cilia. Chaperonin-like BBS proteins interact with a subset of BBSome subunits and promote their association with CCT chaperonins. CCT activity is essential for BBSome assembly, and knockdown of CCT chaperonins in zebrafish results in BBS phenotypes. Many disease-causing mutations found in BBS6, BBS10, and BBS12 disrupt interactions among these BBS proteins. Our data demonstrate that BBS6, BBS10, and BBS12 are necessary for BBSome assembly, and that impaired BBSome assembly contributes to the etiology of BBS phenotypes associated with the loss of function of these three BBS genes.
Dexmedetomidine Partially Attenuates the Sympathetically Mediated Systemic and Coronary Hemodynamic Effects of Cocaine (1995)

The hemodynamic effects of cocaine may be modulated by drugs which interact with central and peripheral adrenoceptors. This investigation examined the systemic and coronary hemodynamic effects of cocaine in conscious dogs with and without premedication with dexmedetomidine (DM). Three groups consisting of 24 experiments were performed using eight dogs chronically instrumented for measurement of aortic and left ventricular pressure, left ventricular dP/dtmax, diastolic coronary blood flow velocity, cardiac output, and subendocardial segment length. On separate experiment days, systemic and coronary hemodynamics were recorded after cocaine (0.5 mg/kg intravenously [I.V.]) with or without DM pretreatment (2 or 4 micrograms/kg I.V.). Cocaine caused increases in heart rate, mean arterial pressure, left ventricular systolic and end-diastolic pressures, dP/dtmax, cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance, and pressure-work index in conscious dogs. Pretreatment with DM attenuated increases in heart rate, dP/dtmax, cardiac output, and pressure-work index produced by cocaine. Systemic vascular resistance increased after the administration of cocaine with and without DM pretreatment; however, systemic vascular resistance remained higher after cocaine in DM-pretreated dogs compared to untreated dogs. Increases in diastolic coronary vascular resistance, but no change in coronary flow velocity, were observed with cocaine alone. In contrast, cocaine increased diastolic coronary blood flow velocity without change in diastolic coronary vascular resistance when administered after DM. The results indicate that increases in heart rate, myocardial contractility, and myocardial oxygen consumption caused by cocaine were attenuated by DM pretreatment. However, cocaine-induced increases in systemic vascular resistance were augmented by DM, suggesting an additive effect at peripheral vascular alpha adrenoceptors.
Microinjection of recombinant p21rho induces rapid changes in cell morphology. (1990)

The rho proteins, p21rho, are ubiquitously expressed guanine nucleotide binding proteins with approximately 30% amino acid homology to p21ras, but their biochemical function is unknown. We show here that microinjection of constitutively activated recombinant rho protein (Val14rho) into subconfluent cells induces dramatic changes in cell morphology: 15-30 min after injection cells adopt a distinct and novel phenotype with a contracted cell body and finger-like processes still adherent to the substratum. Ribosylation of Val14rho with the ADP-ribosyltransferase C3 from clostridium botulinum, before microinjection, renders the protein biologically inactive, but it has no effect on either its intrinsic biochemical properties or on its interaction with the GTPase activating protein, rho GAP. Micro-injection of ribosylated normal rho, on the other hand, has a similar effect of injection of C3 transferase and induces complete rounding up of cells. We also report striking biochemical changes in actin filament organization when contact-inhibited quiescent 3T3 cells are injected with Val14rho protein. The effects induced by activation or inactivation of p21rho described here, suggest that the biological function of this protein is to control some aspect of cytoskeletal organization.
Activity of LUF6000 and LUF6096 as positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) for the A3 adenosine receptor (AR) is species‐dependent (2012)

PAMs including the imidazoquinolinamine derivative LUF6000 and the quinoline derivative LUF6096 have recently been discovered for the human A 3 AR. These agents increase the maximal efficacy of orthosteric agonists and slightly increase or have not effect on potency. Given that orthosteric pharmacology of the A 3 AR differs markedly among species, the goal of this study was to characterize the activity of LUF6000 and LUF6096 for the A 3 AR from non‐human species commonly used in preclinical drug research. Functional modulation was assessed with a [ 35 S]GTPγS binding assay using membranes prepared from HEK 293 cells stably expressing recombinant A 3 ARs. We found that both LUF6000 and LUF6096 produced substantial enhancing activity with the canine and rabbit, but not with mouse or rat A 3 ARs. In responsive species, both modulators increased the maximal efficacy of the partial A 3 AR agonist Cl‐IB‐MECA as well as the native ligand adenosine more than two‐fold. A decrease in potency was detected with the canine (but not the rabbit) A 3 AR explained by an effect of the modulators to decrease orthosteric binding affinity determined in equilibrium displacement binding assays with the orthosteric agonist radioligand [ 125 I]I‐AB‐MECA. Our results reveal that allosteric pharmacology of the A 3 AR is species‐dependent. Supported by the NIH (R01HL077707 and NIDDK Intramural Research Program).
Interaction of a High-Power Laser Beam with Metal Sheets (2009)

Experiments with a high-power laser beam directed onto thin aluminum sheets, with a large spot size, demonstrate that airflow produces a strong enhancement of the interaction. The enhancement is explained in terms of aerodynamic effects. As laser heating softens the material, the airflow-induced pressure difference between front and rear faces causes the metal to bulge into the beam. The resulting shear stresses rupture the material and remove it at temperatures well below the melting point. The material heating is shown to conform to an elementary model. We present an analytic model of elastic bulging. Scaling with respect to spot size, wind speed, and material parameters is determined.
Wet ZZW construction for steganography (2009)

Wet paper codes are an essential tool for communication with non-shared selection channels. Inspired by the recent ZZW construction for matrix embedding [11], we propose a novel wet paper coding scheme with high embedding efficiency. The performance is analyzed under the assumption that wet cover elements form an i.i.d. Bernoulli sequence. Attention is paid to implementation details to minimize capacity loss in practice.
Effect of a thin organosilicon layer prepared by atmospheric pressure plasma on wood flame retardancy (2022)

Abstract In a high‐rise building, due to the risk of flame spread and strict regulations associated, wood use is limited for interior finishes. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a thin organosilicon layer (∼500 nm) prepared by atmospheric pressure plasma on the fire behavior of a wood substrate. The coating was deposited from hexamethyldisiloxane in argon on both untreated wood and wood with a preparatory coating of primer. The primer reduces the presence of cracks in the plasma layer and ensures more homogenous coverage of the substrates. Finally, the flame retardancy analysis highlights an improvement in fire behavior only when the primer is used. Our study suggests that plasma thin deposition has a synergic effect with primer to fireproof wood.
Elastic parameter estimation for the identification of sweet spots, Vaca Muerta Formation, Neuquén Basin, Argentina (2017)

Abstract Early identification of zones with possible good production (“sweet spots”) in shale plays is important to optimize the return on capital investment. Analyzing elastic rock properties helps in the identification of sweet spots in the Vaca Muerta Formation. The vertical and lateral heterogeneity of total organic carbon (TOC) and carbonate content are two critical factors that partly control the geomechanical response of the rock. Unconventional reservoirs have low permeability, making it necessary to define brittle zones to stimulate the rock and induce fractures to produce. This leads to the definition of mineralogy ranges that help discriminate brittle and ductile rock based on rock properties. This study is based on a 3D seismic survey and several vertical pilot wells with full log suites. Horizon interpretations and logs are used to build a low-frequency model that together with prestack seismic data is input for seismic inversion. Inversion results predict Poisson's ratio (v) directly, and TOC, carbonate content, density (ρ), and Young's modulus (E) are obtained through a neural network approach. The product (Eρ) is an alternative parameter to describe brittle rock when ρ cannot be obtained reliably. As elastic parameters, E and v are related to the geomechanical response of the rock, aiding in the discrimination of brittle and ductile rock. An inverse relationship between TOC and E is observed and quantified, but the relationship is very poor with v. Likewise, a direct relationship between carbonate content and E is identified but not with v. E plays the largest role in the identification of brittle rock within the Vaca Muerta Formation. Rock-physics relationships to describe sweet spots (zones with hydrocarbon presence and brittle rock) differ between shale plays around the world. The detailed 3D model from seismic inversion and clustering makes it possible to determine the best zones for placement of schematic horizontal wells.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of A Boron Containing Retinoid As a Novel Therapeutic Agent for Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (2011)

Abstract Abstract 5008 Cure rates of acute leukemia remain poor emphasizing the need to for novel therapies. All trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is an effective therapeutic agent in a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia and relieves transcriptional repression induced by the PML-RAR oncoprotein by binding to the retinoic acid receptor. Even though ATRA is effective, the treatment course is characterized by a high rate of toxicity and ATRA resistance is seen in some cases of acute promyelocytic leukemia. In an attempt to improve outcomes, we devised a methodology for creation of boronic acid and other newer retinoic acid analogues. Our lead compound, MA-21 was generated by replacing the terminal carboxyl group of ATRA with a boronic ester using Wittig reactions. Computation modeling revealed that MA-21 can fit in the RARa pocket and can form increased covalent bonding with cysteine residues within the receptor. As opposed to other synthetic retinoids, the addition of a boron atom resulted in significantly enhanced cytotoxicity in leukemic cell lines, even those that were resistant to ATRA. MA-21 at 1uM dose led to significant reduction in proliferation of ATRA sensitive NB4 APL cell line (1.8 fold decrease after 96hrs, p= 0.028) as well as in ATRA resistant cell lines NB4.007/6 (3.3 fold decrease after 72hrs and 2.1 decrease after 96hrs, p values of 0.018 and 0.046) and NB4.306 (2.6 fold decrease after 96hrs, p= 0.032). MA-21 was able to induce these effects by inducing significant G2/M cell cycle arrest and not by increased apoptosis or cellular differentiation. Cell cycle was assessed by Flow Cytometry after 96hrs of incubation and showed a significant increase in G2/M percentage in the ATRA sensitive and resistant cell lines compared to DMSO (NB4 cell line- 1.35 fold increase, p= 0.035; NB4.007/6- 1.35 fold increase, p= 0.015 and NB4.306- 2 fold increase, p= 0.023). Thus, we demonstrate novel synthetic methodology to synthesize boron containing novel retinoids and demonstrate the potential of these compounds as therapeutic agents in resistant leukemias.Figure1:Structures of ATRA and MA-21Figure1:. Structures of ATRA and MA-21 Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of a tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative possessing selective .beta.2-adrenergic agonist activity (1977)

This paper reports the synthesis of 4-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (2) and 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)propylamine (3). The biological activity of these agents relative to that of trimetoquinol (1) in guinea pig atria and guinea pig trachea is reported. The relative activities in relaxation of guinea pig trachea is 1 greater than 2 greater than 3 while in the chronotropic response in guinea pig atria the relative order of activity is 1 greater than 3 greater than 2.