gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wettability-based ultrasensitive detection of amphiphiles through directed concentration at disordered regions in self-assembled monolayers (2022)

Various forms of ecological monitoring and disease diagnosis rely upon the detection of amphiphiles, including lipids, lipopolysaccharides, and lipoproteins, at ultralow concentrations in small droplets. Although assays based on droplets' wettability provide promising options in some cases, their reliance on the measurements of surface and bulk properties of whole droplets (e.g., contact angles, surface tensions) makes it difficult to monitor trace amounts of these amphiphiles within small-volume samples. Here, we report a design principle in which self-assembled monolayer-functionalized microstructured surfaces coated with silicone oil create locally disordered regions within a droplet's contact lines to effectively concentrate amphiphiles within the areas that dominate the droplet static friction. Remarkably, such surfaces enable the ultrasensitive, naked-eye detection of amphiphiles through changes in the droplets' sliding angles, even when the concentration is four to five orders of magnitude below their critical micelle concentration. We develop a thermodynamic model to explain the partitioning of amphiphiles at the contact line by their cooperative association within the disordered, loosely packed regions of the self-assembled monolayer. Based on this local analyte concentrating effect, we showcase laboratory-on-a-chip surfaces with positionally dependent pinning forces capable of both detecting industrially and biologically relevant amphiphiles (e.g., bacterial endotoxins), as well as sorting aqueous droplets into discrete groups based on their amphiphile concentrations. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the sliding behavior of amphiphile-laden aqueous droplets provides insight into the amphiphile's effective length, thereby allowing these surfaces to discriminate between analytes with highly disparate molecular sizes.
Effect of isolating cold aisles on rack inlet temperature (2008)

Data center facilities house large number of computer servers that dissipate high power. With rapid increase in the heat flux of such systems, their thermal management has become a challenge that needs to be addressed. In this paper effect of isolating cold aisle on rack inlet temperature is studied computationally. Two raised floor data center configurations with alternating hot and cold aisle arrangement are considered to present this study. Cold aisles are isolated in three ways viz. roofs, doors and roofs & doors. Significant reduction in rack inlet temperature is seen by isolating the cold aisles. Based on the study, recommendations are presented on the ways to isolate the cold aisle and achieve better thermal management without changing the room layout or cold air supply.
Deep video coding with gradient-descent optimized motion compensation and Lanczos filtering (2022)

Variational autoencoders have shown promising results for still image compression and have gained a lot of consideration in this field. Recently, noteworthy attempts were made to extend such end-to-end methods to the setting of video compression. Here, low-latency scenarios have been commonly investigated. In this paper, it is shown that the compression efficiency in this setting is improved by applying tools that are typically used in block-based hybrid coding such as rate-distortion optimized encoding of the features and advanced interpolation filters for computing samples at fractional positions. Additionally, a separate motion estimation network is trained to further increase the compression efficiency. Experimental results show that the rate-distortion performance benefits from including the aforementioned tools.
Latest Advancements in Nanoscale IR Spectroscopy for Characterization and Failure Analysis of Electronic Devices (2017)

Abstract Atomic force microscopy infrared (AFM-IR) technology combines the best of both worlds of AFM and IR spectro-microscopy offering high spatial resolution chemical characterization. Recent developments in the AFM-IR technique, such as tapping AFM-IR pushes the spatial resolution limit below 10 nm, making it ideal for chemically characterizing directed self assembly (DSA) components and defects for failure analysis. This paper demonstrates the chemical characterization of DSA nanopatterns using tapping AFM-IR technology with spatial resolution beyond 10 nm. Tapping AFM-IR experiments is performed on different block copolymers routinely used to fabricate directed self-assemblies on Si wafers. Along with chemical mapping, mechanical properties, such as relative stiffness and damping yielding complete chemical and mechanical property information in nanoscale to achieve material contrast, can be simultaneously probed.
Blurring the Layers of Abstractions: Time to Take a Step Back? (2007)

Silicon technology evolution over the last four decades has yielded an exponential increase in integration densities with steady improvements of performance and power consumption at each technology generation. This steady progress has created a sense of entitlement for the riches that future process generations would bring. Today, however, classical process scaling seems to be dead and living up to technology expectations requires continuous innovation at many levels, which comes at steadily progressing implementation and design costs. Solutions to problems need to cut across layers of abstractions and require coordination between software, architecture and circuit features. This talk will describe some of the recent work at ARM on designing architectures which dynamically optimize operating parameters for temporal conditions.
Method of making a fuel cell polymer electrolyte membrane comprising manganese oxide (2023)

Fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies and fuel cell polymer electrolyte membranes are provided comprising manganese oxides which demonstrate increased durability. Methods of making same are provided.
Introduction (2016)

Tuberculosis (TB) therapy and prevention has been driven by major discoveries in basic understanding of the disease, new drugs and potential new vaccines. The route of administration by which drugs are delivered dictates the dosage form employed. The performance measure of significance for the majority of dosage forms is the dissolution rate which, together with the biological parameter of permeability for those drugs presented at mucosal sites, dictates the appearance of the drug in the systemic circulation and ultimately its therapeutic effect. In the mid-1980s the attention of some researchers turned to controlling the dissolution rate of orally administered drugs to treat tuberculosis by preparing polymeric microparticles. Tuberculosis is contracted by pulmonary deposition of virulent organisms and the subsequent proliferation of disease from the lungs. Inhaled therapy has been well established through the administration of drugs to treat asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Photoinduced second harmonic generation (SHG) in rare earth doped glass fibers (1992)

Photoinduced χ (2) gratings can be written in optical fibers by simultaneous irradiation with beams at co and 2ω. Although this phenomenon is not understood in detail, the experimental results show that the presence of optically active centers in the fiber is essential for the observation of this effect. We have studied photoinduced SHG in rare earth doped aluminosilicate fibers. In addition to measurements at 1064 /532 nm with a mode-locked Nd–YAG laser, we have investigated the dependence of the induced second harmonic intensity on the wavelengths of the writing beams by using a mode-locked Ti–sapphire laser. In a Tm-doped fiber we find a ≈10 3 increase in the induced SH intensity when the wavelength is tuned to the maximum of the 3 H 4 → 3 F 4 absorption of Tm 3+ at 785 nm. These results show the importance of resonance enhancement of the nonlinear optical process that is responsible for χ (2) grating formation. We will also present results for other rare earth ions and their implications for understanding the origin of SHG in optical fibers.
The low-complexity domain of the FUS RNA binding protein self-assembles via the mutually exclusive use of two distinct cross-β cores (2021)

The low-complexity (LC) domain of the fused in sarcoma (FUS) RNA binding protein self-associates in a manner causing phase separation from an aqueous environment. Incubation of the FUS LC domain under physiologically normal conditions of salt and pH leads to rapid formation of liquid-like droplets that mature into a gel-like state. Both examples of phase separation have enabled reductionist biochemical assays allowing discovery of an N-terminal region of 57 residues that assembles into a labile, cross-β structure. Here we provide evidence of a nonoverlapping, C-terminal region of the FUS LC domain that also forms specific cross-β interactions. We propose that biologic function of the FUS LC domain may operate via the mutually exclusive use of these N- and C-terminal cross-β cores. Neurodegenerative disease-causing mutations in the FUS LC domain are shown to imbalance the two cross-β cores, offering an unanticipated concept of LC domain function and dysfunction.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Asymmetric Synthesis of Biologically Important Tryptophan Analogues via a Palladium‐Mediated Heteroannulation Reaction. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
mRNA-Binding Protein ZFP36 Is Expressed in Atherosclerotic Lesions and Reduces Inflammation in Aortic Endothelial Cells (2013)

ZFP36 is expressed in vascular endothelial cells and macrophage foam cells where it inhibits the expression of proinflammatory mRNA transcripts. The anti-inflammatory effects of ZFP36 in endothelial cells occur via both transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms. Our data suggest that enhancing vascular ZFP36 expression might reduce vascular inflammation.
Deposition of Gold Nanoparticles on Silica Spheres: A Sonochemical Approach. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Figure S2 from Poly (ADP) Ribose Glycohydrolase Can Be Effectively Targeted in Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Fig S2 describes protein expression of PARG across PDAC cell models and drug sensitivity of PDAC, KPC, DLD and RKO cells to olaparib and/or PDDX-001.&lt;/p&gt;
Design av aluminiumstestbil (2010)

Oppgaven har tatt for seg utviklingen av ny testbil som skal benyttes av Benteler. Testbilen benyttes nar det skal gjennomfores reelle tester av bilkomponenter.
Testbilen skal ikke skades i kollisj ...
Recent advances in molecular imaging probes for β-amyloid plaques (2014)

We review recent advances in our development of molecular imaging probes for PET, SPECT, and optical imaging for <italic>in vivo</italic> detection of β-amyloid plaques in the brain.
A Controlled Double Blind Multicenter Study of the Effectiveness of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid in Patients with Crohnʼs Disease in Remission (1995)

We evaluated the efficacy of an oral formulation of 5-amino-salicylic acid in lowering the relapse rate after remission of Crohn's disease. Included were 59 patients who had proven Crohn's disease of at least 1 year's duration, and who had been in continuous remission for at least 6 months, while taking only 5-aminosalicylic acid or no therapy at all. Remission was defined as a Harvey Bradshaw index score (Softley-Clamp modification) of < 4. Patients were given coded mesalzaine 250 mg or placebo tablets (2 x 2 day). They were seen at 0, 1, and 2 months, and then every 2 months until the end of the study. Trial endpoints were 1 year of follow-up, or clinical relapse results. After randomization, 31 patients were included in the placebo arm, and 28 in the treatment arm. There were no significant differences between the two groups at entry. Ten patients were withdrawn from the trial because of noncompliance, loss of follow-up, or headache. There were more clinical relapses in the placebo arm (15 patients, 55%) than in the treatment arm (6 patients, 27%) (p < 0.05). Mesalazine had a significant advantage over placebo (p < 0.05) only in the subgroups of patients with ileal Crohn's disease and in those older than 30 years. We conclude that mesalazine has a moderate but significant benefit in preventing relapse in Crohn's disease in remission; this occurred only in patients with small-bowel involvement or in those older than 30 years.
A comparative study on two types of transparent patch antennas (2011)

Properties of optically transparent patch antennas designed from meshed conductor and transparent conductive films are studied and compared. It is shown that at S band, meshed antenna provides the best antenna efficiency for the highest transparency. It is practical to design a 90% transparent meshed antenna with more than 60% transparency. Indium tin oxide (ITO) films, although less visible to human eyes than conductive meshes, at an optical transparency of 80%, provide an antenna efficiency of less than 30% at 2.5 GHz. AgHT (silver coated polyester film) film has lower transparency compared to ITO films for the same antenna efficiency. It is also shown that with the progress in material processing, the efficiency of an ITO patch antenna can be improved to be comparable to a meshed one. In addition, one can improve the efficiency of an antenna designed from ITO films by increasing the operational frequency.
Wireless synapses in bio-inspired neural networks (2009)

Wireless (virtual) synapses represent a novel approach to bio-inspired neural networks that follow the infrastructure of the biological brain, except that biological (physical) synapses are replaced by virtual ones based on cellular telephony modeling. Such synapses are of two types: intracluster synapses are based on IR wireless ones, while intercluster synapses are based on RF wireless ones. Such synapses have three unique features, atypical of conventional artificial ones: very high parallelism (close to that of the human brain), very high reconfigurability (easy to kill and to create), and very high plasticity (easy to modify or upgrade). In this paper we analyze the general concept of wireless synapses with special emphasis on RF wireless synapses. Also, biological mammalian (vertebrate) neural models are discussed for comparison, and a novel neural lensing effect is discussed in detail.
Abstract 4268: Interleukin-27 inhibits angiogenesis in non-small cell lung cancer (2011)

Abstract Interleukin-27 (IL-27), the newest member of the IL-6/IL-12 family, is secreted by antigen presenting cells and has anti-tumor activity through its activation of the JAK-STAT pathway. Transcriptional factors STAT1 and STAT3 have been implicated in the balance of tumor suppressor and oncogenic functions. Angiogenesis is a critical process during carcinogenesis. We investigated the role of IL-27 in tumor angiogenesis in lung cancer. Human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs), genetically modified HBEC to over express Snail and K-ras (HBEC-Snail, HBEC-K-ras), and human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lines (A549, H2122) were treated with IL-27 at multiple time points. Phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT3 measured by Western Blot after IL-27 exposure demonstrated activation of both pathways in these cell lines. Protein production of an important pro-angiogenic factor, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), was measured by ELISA and Western analysis. After exposure to IL-27, there was a 60-80% decrease in VEGF protein expression of VEGF by ELISA (confirmed by Western analysis in the NSCLC lines but not in the HBECs or their genetically modified derivatives). The IL-27 down regulation of VEGF was not increased by the addition of a STAT3 inhibitor. In summary, IL-27 inhibits VEGF production in NSCLC through a mechanism independent of STAT3, suggesting that STAT1 may play a dominant role in IL-27 mediated angiogenesis suppression. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4268. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4268
Fluidic Ratchet Based on Marangoni−Bénard Convection (2003)

A mean flow is observed experimentally in a layer of fluid undergoing Marangoni−Bénard convection over a heated substrate that presents a pattern of asymmetrical grooves. The direction of the mean flow is a function of the temperature difference across the layer and of the thickness of the layer; the direction can be controlled by changing these parameters. This system acts as a fluidic ratchet: the local structure of the thermally driven convection interacts with the asymmetry of the local topographical pattern and causes a net, global flow in the fluid. This fluidic ratchet may be useful in handling fluids on macroscopic and microscopic scales.
53‐1: Invited Paper: Advanced Materials for Flexible Displays (2019)

We report on the development of films and coatings for substrate component and protective layers in flexible AMOLED devices. These materials were engineered and optimized as a system to deliver a superior combination of flexibility, image quality, and durability in the end application, while also providing a range of material, physical, and processing options to maximize design freedom.
Comparison of long-term prognostic value of N-terminal-proBNP and midregional-pro-adrenomedullin in patients with acute myocardial infarction. (2010)

Early measurements of NT-proBNP or MR-proADM during the acute phase of AMI may allow the risk of a long-term AE to be excluded, based on the comparable test characteristics,.
Copper-catalyzed three-component synthesis of pyrrole-substituted 1,2-dihydroisoquinolines (2022)

A general approach to the synthesis of 1,3-disubstituted-1,2-dihydroisoquinolines was achieved with pyrrole and various electron withdrawing groups as substituents. CuAAC reaction on enynes yielded the resulting 1,2,3-triazole which spontaneously decomposed to the corresponding ketenimine. Nucleophilic attack by pyrrole and subsequent intramolecular Aza-Michael cyclization generated 1,2-dihydroisoquinolines in moderate to good yields. The optimized conditions allow for a range of substituents with excellent reproducibility.
Damage detection tests of five-story steel frame with simulated damages (2001)

This paper presents damage detection tests of five-story steel frame with simulated damages. We discuss pre-analytical study and results of experiments. Fiber brag grating (FBG) sensors, accelerometers, strain gauges and laser displacement meters are installed in this test frame. We assume damages by removing studs from only one story, loosening bolts of beams, cutting part of beams and extracting braces from only one story. From the results of pre-analytical study, we can estimate which story is damaged from the change of natural period and mode shape to some extent. We applied flexibility method which is one of a damage identification methods using modal properties. We also apply flexibility method to results of experiments. In some cases we can estimate which story is damaged, and in other cases we cannot. We also applied a method using multiple natural frequency shifts. Making use of the change in five natural frequencies due to damage, the location of damaged stories can be pinpointed. In both methods, we cannot identify damaged story in some cases. Some methods other than methods using modal properties have to be tried to apply in such cases.
Intraurethral Stimulation Evokes Bladder Responses via 2 Distinct Reflex Pathways (2009)

Intraurethral electrical stimulation selectively evoked bladder responses by activating 2 distinct pudendal afferent pathways. Responses depended on stimulation frequency and location. Intraurethral electrical stimulation is a valid means of determining the pathways involved in bladder responses evoked by pudendal nerve stimulation.
MymA Bioactivated Thioalkylbenzoxazole Prodrug Family Active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2020)

Screening of a GSK-proprietary library against intracellular <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> identified <b>1</b>, a thioalkylbenzoxazole hit. Biological profiling and mutant analysis revealed that this compound is a prodrug that is bioactivated by the mycobacterial enzyme MymA. A hit-expansion program including design, synthesis, and profiling of a defined set of analogues with optimized drug-like properties led to the identification of an emerging lead compound, displaying potency against intracellular bacteria in the low micromolar range, high in vitro solubility and permeability, and excellent microsomal stability.
Coded Strobing Photography: Compressive Sensing of High Speed Periodic Videos (2010)

We show that, via temporal modulation, one can observe and capture a high-speed periodic video well beyond the abilities of a low-frame-rate camera. By strobing the exposure with unique sequences within the integration time of each frame, we take coded projections of dynamic events. From a sequence of such frames, we reconstruct a high-speed video of the high-frequency periodic process. Strobing is used in entertainment, medical imaging, and industrial inspection to generate lower beat frequencies. But this is limited to scenes with a detectable single dominant frequency and requires high-intensity lighting. In this paper, we address the problem of sub-Nyquist sampling of periodic signals and show designs to capture and reconstruct such signals. The key result is that for such signals, the Nyquist rate constraint can be imposed on the strobe rate rather than the sensor rate. The technique is based on intentional aliasing of the frequency components of the periodic signal while the reconstruction algorithm exploits recent advances in sparse representations and compressive sensing. We exploit the sparsity of periodic signals in the Fourier domain to develop reconstruction algorithms that are inspired by compressive sensing.
Nested JSON Web Token (JWT) (2019)

This specification extends the scope of the Nested JSON Web Token
(JWT) to allow the enclosing JWT to contain its own Claims Set in
addition to the enclosed JWT.
A Mathematical Approach for the Simultaneous In Vitro Spectrophotometric Analysis of Rifampicin and Isoniazid from Modified-Release Anti-TB Drug Delivery Systems (2010)

Dissolution testing with subsequent analysis is considered as an imperative tool for quality evaluation of the combination rifampicin-isoniazid (RIF-INH) combination. Partial least squares (PLS) regression has been successfully undertaken to select suitable predictor variables and to identify outliers for the generation of equations for RIF and INH determination in fixed-dose combinations (FDCs). The aim of this investigation was to ascertain the applicability of the described technique in testing a novel oral FDC anti-TB drug delivery system and currently available two-drug FDCs, in comparison to the United States Pharmacopeial method for analysis of RIF and INH Capsules with chromatographic determination of INH and colorimetric RIF determination. Regression equations generated employing the statistical coefficients satisfactorily predicted RIF release at each sampling point (R(2)>or=0.9350). There was an acceptable degree of correlation between the drug release data, as predicted by regressional analysis of UV spectrophotometric data, and chromatographic and colorimetric determination of INH (R(2)=0.9793 and R(2)=0.9739) and RIF (R(2)= 0.9976 and R(2)=0.9996) for the two-drug FDC and the novel oral anti-TB drug delivery system, respectively. Regressional analysis of UV spectrophotometric data for simultaneous RIF and INH prediction thus provides a simplified methodology for use in diverse research settings for the assurance of RIF bioavailability from FDC formulations, specifically modified-release forms.