gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Pentafluorobenzyloxy Mono‐ to Tetrafluoroacetophenones. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Development, Control, and Evaluation of an Actuated Car Door (2009)

Actuated car doors are a promising way to increase the convenience of access to cars. We propose an advanced actuation and control concept which can easily be integrated into conventional car doors. By utilizing a linear, nonbackdrivable actuator and various sensors, both automatic and manual door operations are enabled. A discrete state controller ensures a safe operation of the door, including automatic opening and closing. The realization of a supportive, high-quality haptic interaction with the car door for the manual operation is the principal part of our work. Due to the impracticality of a direct measurement of the user interaction force at a car door, we chose impedance control to render the desired dynamics. The impedance was designed to provide a convenient, intuitive, and safe manual handling of the door. We implemented and tested four different impedance control schemes, of which impedance control with actuator force feedback performed best. Two experimental evaluations with 16 and 27 participants revealed a predominant approval of the actuated car door.
Supplementary Figure 3 from TLR2 Agonist PSK Activates Human NK Cells and Enhances the Antitumor Effect of HER2-Targeted Monoclonal Antibody Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 82KB&lt;/p&gt;
Cooperative control of regenerative brake and mechanical brake for a two coach train (2012)

Trains require high deceleration and stable traveling performance. The improvement of adhesion characteristics is, thus, very important for electric trains. Previously, we have proposed an anti-slip/skid re-adhesion control system based on a disturbance observer, with a high adhesion force utilization ratio. In the present work, we focus on the deceleration mode. Generally, a train has an electric regenerative brake (electric brake) and a mechanical brake (air brake). Under wet railway track conditions, the regenerative brake may fall into abeyance caused by the mechanical brake response. This paper considers a blended braking control and proposes a regenerative brake priority control. This paper evaluates and discusses regenerative brake priority control using numerical simulations.
SP-SEM Observation of Magnetic Vortex States in Permalloy Disks (2003)

The magnetic vortex in a ferromagnetic disk has a unique feature of spin configuration to eliminate magnetostatic energy with a vertical bistable magnetization characteristics. We have observed magnetic vortex states in permalloy thin film disks with diameters ranging from 2μm to 25μm, using spin-polarized scanning electron microscopy (SP-SEM). Magnetic vortex states exist throughout range of diameters. At diameters larger than 15μm, multidomain states were also observed, however, a magnetic vortex state should be expected as one of the low-energy states even in a ferromagnetic disk as large as 25μm.
Digital and Dynamic Certification in the Framework of the novel revised RTTE Directive in Europe (2011)

The next revision of the R&TTE Directive, which represents the basic regulatory framework for wireless communication in Europe, is expected to be finalized in 2011. In particular, this new revision is expected to provide a novel framework for reconfigurable radio devices, for example building on Sof
Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation in EPON and GPON (2010)

This chapter presents an overview of dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) schemes for the two major standards for time-division multiplexing- passive optical networks (TDM-PON), namely, Ethernet PON (EPON) and gigabit-capable PON (GPON). It illustrates the differences between EPON and GPON and how they are overcome. The chapter then considers the evolution toward next - generation TDM-PON with higher upstream bit rates and how this affects the design of the DBA. The implementation and performance of a DBA algorithm is related to the nature and the requirements of different types of network traffic. Traffic is mainly characterized by frame size distribution and burstiness. The chapter then discusses the performance parameters used for evaluating and comparing the operation of different DBA algorithms. It focuses on DBA for two alternative architectures i.e., broadcast PON and two-stage PON. Controlled Vocabulary Terms Channel allocation; ethernet networks; passive optical networks; telecommunication traffic; time division multiplexing
Chemiluminescent Measurement of Parts-Per-Billion Levels of Nickel Carbonyl in Air (1976)

Abstract We have demonstrated the chemiluminescent detection of Ni(CO)4 in air using a reaction with O2/O3 and purified CO. The detection limit on our prototype detector is 0.01 ppb, with linear response into the ppm range. Decay of Ni(CO)4 in air has been studied in the ppb range and is approximately first order with a half life of about 30 minutes. Key Words: ChemiluminescenceNickel CarbonylCarbon monoxideozone
Establishing a Method for In Vitro Investigation of Mechanical Parameters Causing Acquired von Willebrand Syndrome in Ventricular Assist Devices (2013)

Acquired von Willebrand Syndrome (AvWS) is known as a frequent bleeding complication in patients on ventricular assist device (VAD) support. Clinicians demand that the requirements for VADs with regard to hemocompatibility should also include low susceptibility for AvWS. Clinical AvWS diagnosis is known to be a complex, high-price, and time-consuming analysis. This article investigates an easy-to-handle, time-efficient, and inexpensive method for comparative AvWS investigations in vitro. Von Willebrand Factor activity level (vWF:Ac) and von Willebrand Factor antigen level (vWF:Ag) were chosen from the complete set of clinically established parameters. Blood plasma (human and porcine) was exposed to an inhomogeneous shear field in a shear-inducing test set up for up to 4 h. Plasma samples were drawn after different load periods and analyzed for vWF:Ac and vWF:Ag. vWF multimer analysis of selected samples were used as reference for determination of high molecular weight multimer (HMWM) loss. AvWS was detected after 20 min of shear load via vWF:Ac/vWF:Ag ratio and multimer analysis. A good correlation between the vWF:Ac/vWF:Ag ratio and HMWM loss (multimer analysis) was found for human plasma. AvWS characteristics of human and porcine plasma for analyzed samples were comparable. A correlation between vWF:Ac/vWF:Ag ratio and HMWM in porcine plasma could not be found. Results gained in this study indicate that vWF:Ac/vWF:Ag ratio is sensitive enough for comparative AvWS investigations in vitro with human blood. The applicability of the method suggested in this article for AvWS characterization in porcine blood needs to be investigated in further studies. The selection of analysis kits promises a less cost- and labor-intensive, time-consuming, and complex method for comparative AvWS investigations in vitro compared with AvWS diagnosis in patients.
Improved flux pinning in melt textured YBa2Cu3O7− through chemical additions (1996)

The effect of Ce-based additions on Y2BaCuO5 (211) particle coarsening and flux pinning in YBa2Cu3O7−δ (123) has been examined. BaCeO3 is found to react with the Ba-Cu-O rich peritectic liquid. The limited Ce dissolution results in a decreased 211 coarsening rate. In addition, the effects of Ce-based additions (CeO2 and BaCeO3) in combination with MgO additions on the magnetic properties of melt textured YBa2Cu3O7−δ have been investigated. The additions lead to improvements in the magnetic properties of YBa2Cu3O7−δ compared to samples with either addition alone or with no additions. The Ce-Mg addition combination produces a “peak effect” in the magnetic hysteresis loop without significant Tc degradation. This is postulated to be due to the formation of a new type of pinning center. Both Ce and Mg ions are thought to substitute in the YBa2Cu3O7−δ lattice, creating defects that produce a “peak effect” in the magnetic hysteresis loop. Mg additions alone lead to a reduced Tc, while Ce additions restore the Tc and enhance the magnitude of the peak.
Ground control support to evaluate runway sequence modifications: Design and evaluation (2013)

In today's operation controllers plan a take-off sequence based on traffic demand and a first-come-first-served (FCFS) principle. Using this method to construct a sequence, does not take into account the preferences from the stakeholders. The Collaborative Decision Making (CDM) process can be utilized to involve the different stakeholders in creating a planning in advance. Instead of using the FCFS principle and runway throughput, traffic that complies with the original plan is preferred to be handled as close as possible to this plan: a best-planned-best-served principle. Our proposed approach is to develop planning functions to support the controller with real-time optimization of the taxi traffic flow, taking into account the CDM requirements and the best-planned-best-served principle. This paper describes the development, implementation and evaluation of a proposed planning function that supports the controller in evaluating runway sequence modifications.
Technical Procedures for the Syntheses of Carotenoids and Related Compounds from 6‐Oxo‐isophorone: Syntheses of (3R,3′R)‐Zeaxanthin. Part I (1990)

Abstract Starting from the readily available, optically active (4 R )‐4‐hydroxy‐2,2,6‐trimethylcyclohexanone ( 1 ), a new technical synthesis of (3 R ,3′ R )‐zeaxanthin is described. According to a 2(C 9 + C 6 ) + C 10 = C 40 construction scheme, the ketone 1 was first transformed with ( E )‐3‐methylpent‐2‐en‐4‐yn‐1‐ol ( 5 ) into a C 15 ‐intermediate which, by a three‐step sequence, could be converted into the known olefinic C 15 ‐ Wittig salt 4 . Optimized conditions for the final Wittig reaction of 4 with the C 10 ‐dialdehyde 3 are discussed. Based on 1 , the overall yield of the entire technical process is ca. 40%.
Misfolded Glycoproteins as Probes for Analysis of Folding Sensor Enzyme UDP-Glucose (2013)

糖タンパク質の品質管理機構は小胞体内に存在し、ミスフォールドした糖タンパク質を見分けて排除している。この機構において鍵となるのがUDP-グルコース：糖タンパク質 グルコース転移酵素（UGGT）であり、ミスフォールドした糖タンパク質のみをモノグルコシル化することでフォールディングセンサーとして機能する。このモノグルコシル化は、レクチン様シャペロンであるカルネキシン／カルレティキュリンによるリフォールディングの目印となる。UGGTによるミスフォールド体の認識機構を解明するために、さまざまなミスフォールドした糖タンパク質のモデルが報告されている。生物学的手法を用いるとさまざまなモデル糖タンパク質を調製することができるが、これらは糖鎖構造とタンパク質部分の構造に不均一性が見られることが多い。最近、筆者らは均一な変性糖タンパク質を調製するために化学合成法を導入した。化学合成法では小型糖タンパク質ではあるものの、均一な糖鎖構造を持ち、かつタンパク質部分の構造を自在に可変したものを合成することができる。この総説では、化学的および生物学的手法によるミスフォールド糖タンパク質プローブの調製法についてまとめた。これらの知見は、今後糖タンパク質の品質管理機構に関するさらなる研究の推進に役立つだろう。
Catalytic Activity of Biscobalt Porphyrin-Corrole Dyads Toward the Reduction of Dioxygen (2009)

A series of biscobalt cofacial porphyrin-corrole dyads bearing mesityl substituents at the meso positions of the corrole ring were investigated as to their electrochemistry, spectroelectrochemistry, and CO binding properties in nonaqueous media and then applied to the surface of a graphite electrode and tested as electrocatalysts for the reduction of dioxygen to water or hydrogen peroxide in air-saturated aqueous solutions containing 1 M HClO(4). The catalytic reduction of O(2) with the same dyads was also investigated in the homogeneous phase using 1,1'-dimethylferrocene as a reductant in PhCN containing HClO(4). The examined compounds are represented as (PMes(2)CY)Co(2), where P = a porphyrin dianion, Mes(2)C = a corrole trianion with two mesityl groups in trans meso-positions of the macrocycle, and Y is one of three bridging groups separating the two metallomacrocycles in a face-to-face arrangement, either with 9,9-dimethylxanthene, dibenzofuran, or diphenylether as linkers. Cyclic voltammetry and rotating disk electrode voltammetry revealed that the examined compounds are all catalytically active toward the electroreduction of dioxygen in acid media giving H(2)O(2) or H(2)O depending upon the type of linkage (Y) and the initial site of electron transfer which, in nonaqueous media, could be switched between the corrole and the porphyrin metal center by variations of substituents on the corrole macrocycle or the gas above the solution. The homogeneous reduction of dioxygen via a two- or four-electron transfer process was also investigated using 1,1'-dimethylferrocene as reductant in PhCN containing HClO(4).
Concurrent visual and acoustic tracking of passive and active delivery of nanobubbles to tumors (2020)

<b>Background:</b> There has been growing interest in nanobubbles for their potential to extend bubble-mediated ultrasound approaches beyond that of their larger microbubble counterparts. In particular, the smaller scale of nanobubbles may enable them to access the tumor extravascular compartment for imaging and therapy in closer proximity to cancer cells. Compelling preliminary demonstrations of the imaging and therapeutic abilities of nanobubbles have thus emerged, with emphasis on their ability to extravasate. However, studies to date rely on indirect histologic evidence that cannot confirm whether the structures remain intact beyond the vasculature - leaving their extravascular potential largely untapped. <b>Methods:</b> Nanobubble acoustic scattering was assessed using a recently reported ultra-stable formulation at low concentration (10<sup>6</sup> mL<sup>-1</sup>) and frequency (1 MHz), over a range of pressures (100-1500 kPa) in a channel phantom. The pressure-dependent response was utilized as a basis for <i>in vivo</i> experiments where ultrasound transmitters and receivers were integrated into a window chamber for simultaneous intravital multiphoton microscopy and acoustic monitoring in tumor-affected microcirculation. Microscopy and acoustic data were utilized to assess passive and active delivery of nanobubbles and determine whether they remained intact beyond the vasculature. <b>Results:</b> Nanobubbles exhibit pressure-dependent nonlinear acoustic scattering. Nanobubbles are also found to have prolonged acoustic vascular pharmacokinetics, and passively extravasate intact into tumors. Ultrasound stimulation of nanobubbles is shown to actively enhance the delivery of both intact nanobubbles and shell material, increasing their spatial bioavailability deeper into the extravascular space. A range of acute vascular effects were also observed. <b>Conclusion:</b> This study presents the first direct evidence that nanobubbles passively and actively extravasate intact in tumor tissue, and is the first to directly capture acute vascular events from ultrasound-stimulation of nanobubbles. The insights gained here demonstrate an important step towards unlocking the potential of nanobubbles and extending ultrasound-based applications.
Field evaluation of four novel enzyme immunoassays for Chagas’ disease in Venezuela blood banks: comparison of assays using fixed‐epimastigotes, fixed‐trypomastigotes or trypomastigote excreted–secreted antigens from two Trypanosoma cruzi strains (2006)

Many serological tests have been developed for the diagnosis of Chagas' disease, but few have been subjected to a rigorous field evaluation. We have recently described several novel enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) based on fixed-whole organisms or trypomastigote excretory-secretory antigens (TESA) from different Trypanosoma cruzi strains (Tulahuen or Brazil). This study evaluated the most promising of these novel assays (e.g. fixed-epimastigotes, fixed-trypomastigotes, TESA Brazil and TESA Tulahuen antigens) in a field study of Venezuelan blood bank specimens. The assays were tested in an operator-blinded fashion using 2038 blood bank samples obtained from low and high T.cruzi prevalence regions of Venezuela (n= 1050 and n= 988 from Bolivar and Portuguesa states, respectively). Based on National Laboratory for Chagas Immunodiagnosis (NLCI) 'gold standard' results, all novel EIAs were superior to the commercial kit currently used in Venezuela, achieving 100% sensitivity and >99% specificity at optimal cut-off values. The novel assays identified seven false-negative samples compared with the routine screening performed by the Venezuelan blood bank although two samples were also misclassified as positive. Minor differences in the performance of the four novel assays were observed at lower arbitrary cut-off values. This study confirms the potential utility of both the fixed-organism and the TESA-based assays in the diagnosis of T.cruzi infection.
Correction to “An Iterative Approach Guides Discovery of the FabI Inhibitor Fabimycin, a Late-Stage Antibiotic Candidate with In Vivo Efficacy against Drug-Resistant Gram-Negative Infections” (2022)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.2c00598.].
An on-line monitor of dialyzer Na and K flux in hemodialysis. (1991)

A closed loop Na kinetic model is developed which permits 1) prescription of precise profiles of Na removal from its extracellular volume of distribution ((dVeCe)/dt), while 2) assuring that the total interdialytic accumulation of Na is removed during each dialysis. The model requires precise continuous measurement of Na flux in the dialysate stream, and a device to accomplish this (Ionflow) was developed and evaluated. In vivo studies showed that changes in body content of Na agreed to +/- 40 mEq, with total Na flux measured by Ionoflow. This agreement is excellent, considering that +/- 1 mEq/L in blood Na represents approximately 40 mEq in the average patient. The Ionoflow is considered accurate to +/- 10 to 20 mEq Na over a dialysis. The Ionoflow fulfills monitoring requirements necessary to implement clinical trials of closed loop Na modeling.
User community reconstruction using sampled microblogging data (2012)

User community recognition in social media services is important to identify hot topics or users' interests and concerns in a timely way when a disaster has occurred. In microblogging services, many short messages are posted every day and some of them represent replies or forwarded messages between users. We extract such conversational messages to link the users as a user network and regard the strongly-connected components in the network as indicators of user communities. However, using all of the microblog data for user community extraction is too costly and requires too much storage space when decomposing strongly-connected components. In contrast, using sampled data may miss some user connections and thus divide one user community into pieces. In this paper, we propose a method for user community reconstruction using the lexical similarity of the messages and the user's link information between separate communities.
1184-P: Return to Normal Glucose Control by Weight Loss in Nonobese People with Type 2 Diabetes: The ReTUNE Study (2021)

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the non-obese has been regarded as etiologically distinct from that in obese people. However, clinical observation suggests that loss of fat mass above a personal fat threshold brings about remission in the same way. ReTUNE aimed to determine what proportion of T2D people with BMI &amp;lt;27kg/m2 could achieve remission, and to assess the fat threshold for this. 25 participants have been studied to date (T2D: 4M/10F, 58.3±2.1years, BMI 24.5±0.6kg/m2; matched nondiabetic controls: n=11). Other types of diabetes were excluded by anti-islet cell antibodies and MODY gene tests (2/14). From baseline, weight loss of 5% was achieved in 2-4 weeks using low calorie diet (800 kcal/day), then 6 weeks of weight maintenance. The cycle of weight loss plus maintenance was repeated 2-3 times until the clinical end point of remission was reached (HbA1c &amp;lt; 6.5%). Only 2 cycles (~10% weight loss) were required in 8/12 participants. The planned decrease in weight (baseline to clinical endpoint: 69.0±3.5 to 60.8±2.9kg, p&amp;lt;0.001) decreased total body fat from 33.1±1.9 to 27.4±2.0% (p&amp;lt;0.001). Fasting plasma glucose decreased from 7.3±0.3 to 6.3±0.3 mmol/l, p&amp;lt;0.05). HbA1c decreased from 7.1±0.2 to 6.5±0.1%, p&amp;lt;0.05 with 8/12 in remission (&amp;lt;6.5%). Fasting plasma insulin decreased (52.2±9.5 to 23.7±3.6 pmol/L, p=0.007) as did plasma triglyceride (1.6±0.2 to 1.0±0.1mmol/L, p=0.002). Liver fat fell from 4.4±0.8 to 1.4±0.1% (p=0.004) becoming similar to 11 matched healthy controls (1.9%). Pancreas fat content in T2D fell (5.1± 0.6 to 4.5±0.6%, p=0.026) towards control levels (3.3±0.3%, p=0.029 vs. T2D at baseline). Post meal insulin sensitivity (Si) and insulin secretion (disposition index and β-cell responsivity Φtot) improved after weight loss. In conclusion, 2/14 people with BMI &amp;lt;27kg/m2 were found to have other diagnoses, and weight loss brought about remission in 8/12 people accompanied by pathophysiological changes similar to those seen during remission in obesity-associated T2D. Disclosure A. Al-mrabeh: None. A. C. Barnes: None. K. M. Irvine: None. T. L. Kelly: Employee; Self; Diabetes Digital Media. K. G. Hollingsworth: None. D. Romeres: None. C. Cobelli: None. R. Taylor: Speaker's Bureau; Self; Novartis AG. Funding Diabetes UK (17/0005645)
Velocity profile measurement in turbulent pipe flow using ultrasound time-domain correlation method (2002)

This paper presents a velocity profile measurement technique using a ultrasound time-domain correlation method (UTDC). The system is based on the cross correlation between two consecutive echoes of ultrasonic pulses to detect the velocity. The UTDC has two advantages over a conventional ultrasound pulse Doppler method. First, the system has a higher time resolution than the pulse Doppler method. Second, the system does not have a limitation in maximum measurable velocity, which is limited by Nyquist’s sampling theorem. In this paper, the velocity profile measurement in turbulent pipe flow using the UTDC is performed.Copyright © 2002 by ASME
Spark-induced breakdown spectroscopy-based classification of bioaerosols (2009)

This manuscript documents initial experiments into the use of spark-induced breakdown spectroscopy as a detection system for aerosols of biological origin. A variety of different aerosolized bacteria and spores were analyzed both with broad and narrow band detection techniques. Making use of alkali and alkali metal atomic emission signals, biological aerosols can be distinguished by class, as well as differentiated from ordinarily encountered background aerosols. This work was done with both wavelength dispersive hardware and filtered PMTs. A system constructed of PMTs with narrowband interference filters has demonstrated potential to be a useful detector for airborne biological material.
3D integration of heterogeneous MEMS structures by stamping transfer (2007)

We propose an integration method of heterogeneous micro-electro-mechanical-system (MEMS) structures by liftoff and stamping transfer using a poly-(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) sheet. Silicon structures fabricated on multiple wafers were lifted off by PDMS sheets, and integrated onto a single wafer by the stamping transfer with high yield (≫90 %) and high accuracy (position error ≫500 nm). A two-dimensional (2D) integration and three-dimensional (3D) assembly of pyramid-like/inverted pyramid-like structures were demonstrated by our method. These demonstrations prove that our method enables us to integrate process-incompatible heterogeneous MEMS structures onto a single wafer.