gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
FDG-PET for assessment of residual tissue after completion of chemotherapy in advance stage Hodgkin lymphoma - Report on the final analysis of the PET investigation in the trial HD15 of the German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG) (2012)

507 Objectives The role of additional radiotherapy after chemotherapy for advanced-stage Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is unclear. The GHSG thus performed the HD15 trial in which advanced-stage HL patients having residual disease after 6 - 8 cycles of BEACOPP were evaluated by 18F- FDG-PET following chemotherapy. The aim was to specify the negative predictive value (NPV) of PET. Methods A total of 2182 patients with de novo HL were included in HD15 of whom 740 were qualified for the PET question. An expert panel performed the assessment of response and PET. Patients with a persistent mass measuring 2.5 cm or more and positive on PET scan received additional radiotherapy with 30Gy. The NPV of PET was defined as the proportion of patients without progression or relapse within 12 months. Results 712 patients had at least 12 months of follow-up. 74% were PET-negative and 26% PET-positive. In the PET-negative group, a total of 31 patients relapsed or had radiotherapy resulting in a negative prognostic value of 94% (95% CI 92% to 96%). Overall, only 11% of patients had additional radiotherapy. In addition, there was no difference in progression free or overall survival as compared to our earlier trials in advanced-stage HL. Conclusions PET performed after chemotherapy can guide the need of additional radiotherapy. The NPV of PET of 94% suggests that indeed only patients with residual disease after chemotherapy who are PET-positive need additional radiotherapy. PET-negative patients at least after BEACOPP can be spared from additional radiotherapy
Biosynthesis of Sialylated Lipooligosaccharides in Haemophilus ducreyi Is Dependent on Exogenous Sialic Acid and Not Mannosamine. Incorporation Studies Using N-Acylmannosamine Analogues, N-Glycolylneuraminic Acid, and 13C-Labeled N-Acetylneuraminic Acid (2001)

Haemophilus ducreyi is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes chancroid, a sexually transmitted disease. Cell surface lipooligosaccharides (LOS) of H. ducreyi are thought to play important biological roles in host infection. The vast majority of H. ducreyi strains contain high levels of sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid, NeuAc) in their LOS. Here we investigate the biosynthetic origin of H. ducreyi sialosides by metabolic incorporation studies using a panel of N-acylmannosamine and sialic acid analogues. Incorporation of sialosides into LOS was assessed by matrix-assisted laser desorption and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. A Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer provided accurate mass measurements, and a quadrupole time-of-flight instrument was used to obtain characteristic fragment ions and partial carbohydrate sequences. Exogenously supplied N-acetylmannosamine analogues were not converted to LOS-associated sialosides at a detectable level. In contrast, exogenous (13)C-labeled N-acetylneuraminic acid ([(13)C]NeuAc) and N-glycolylneuraminic acid (NeuGc) were efficiently incorporated into LOS in a dose-dependent fashion. Moreover, approximately 1.3 microM total exogenous sialic acid was sufficient to obtain about 50% of the maximum production of sialic acid-containing glycoforms observed under in vitro growth conditions. Together, these data suggest that the expressed levels of sialylated LOS glycoforms observed in H. ducreyi are in large part controlled by the exogenous concentrations of sialic acid and at levels one might expect in vivo. Moreover, these studies show that to properly exploit the sialic acid biosynthetic pathway for metabolic oligosaccharide engineering in H. ducreyi and possibly other prokaryotes that share similar pathways, precursors based on sialic acid and not mannosamine must be used.
In Situ Copolymerization of Lactams for Melt Spinning (2016)

The copolymerization of lauryl lactam (LL) with ε-caprolactam (ε-CL) initiated by the latent, CO2-protected N-heterocyclic carbene-based initiators 1,3-dicyclohexyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidinium carboxylate (6-Cy-CO2), and 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidinium carboxylate (6-Me-CO2) has been explored. The temperature-dependent exchange of the protecting group in 6-Cy-CO2 and 6-Me-CO2 with 13C-labeled CO2 is studied to gain knowledge about the onset of CO2 release from the carbene. Under exclusion of moisture, a storable batch containing 75 wt% ε-CL, 25 wt% LL, and another 5 wt% 6-Cy-CO2 can be prepared. This batch is successfully used in the in situ melt spinning of poly(ε-CL)-co-poly(LL)-based single-filament fibers.
Visual summaries for graph collections (2013)

Graphs can be used to represent a variety of information, from molecular structures to biological pathways to computational workflows. With a growing volume of data represented as graphs, the problem of understanding and analyzing the variations in a collection of graphs is of increasing importance. We present an algorithm to compute a single summary graph that efficiently encodes an entire collection of graphs by finding and merging similar nodes and edges. Instead of only merging nodes and edges that are exactly the same, we use domain-specific comparison functions to collapse similar nodes and edges which allows us to generate more compact representations of the collection. In addition, we have developed methods that allow users to interactively control the display of these summary graphs. These interactions include the ability to highlight individual graphs in the summary, control the succinctness of the summary, and explicitly define when specific nodes should or should not be merged. We show that our approach to generating and interacting with graph summaries leads to a better understanding of a graph collection by allowing users to more easily identify common substructures and key differences between graphs.
Novel 3-level Hybrid Neutral-Point-Clamped Converter (2011)

This paper introduces a novel 3-level Voltage Source Converter (VSC) as an alternative to known 3-level topologies, including the conventional Neutral-Point-Clamped Converter (NPCC), many T-type VSCs, and Active NPCC. It is shown that operating in the low converter DC-link voltage range, this new solution can achieve not only higher efficiency than many typical 3-level structures, but can also overcome their drawback of unsymmetrical semiconductor loss distribution. The switching states and commutations of the new converter, named here as Hybrid NPCC, are analyzed and a loss balancing scheme is introduced. New 5- and 7-level VSC topologies with loss balancing features are also presented.
Flexible Dictionaries for Action Classification (2008)

Abstract. We present a simple approach to action classification which constructs a vector quantization of primitive motions from time series data corresponding to relative limb position estimates. The temporal scale, mean, and shape of primitive motion trajectories are independently modeled, thus creating a flexible dictionary of action primitives. We then explore two inference techniques that leverage our action dictionary representation, and evaluate their performance on both motion capture and video benchmark data. Our results indicate that even simplistic algorithms can outperform significantly more sophisticated ones in existing benchmark datasets. 1
An LPI wireless communication system based on chaotic modulation (2009)

In this paper, we investigate a phase randomization technique in order to modify the coherence structure of a chaotically modulated signal. Phase randomization is shown to reduce the detectability of cyclostationary features, introduced by the constant chip rate of the chaotically modulated signal. The chaotic modulation scheme is based on the symbolic dynamics of a modified Bernoulli shift map and backward iteration. The receiver estimates the transmitted sequence using the maximum-likelihood (ML) estimation approach. We present a second-order statistical cyclostationary analysis in addition to the resulting bit error-rate (BER) of the modulation. The paper presents the overall feasibility of such a scheme by an analysis of the receiver complexity.
Architectural tradeoffs for biodegradable computing (2017)

Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) have attracted increased attention because of the possibility to produce environmentally friendly low-cost, lightweight, flexible, and even biodegradable devices. With an increasing number of complex applications being proposed for organic and biodegradable semiconductors, the need for computation horsepower also rises. However, due to the process characteristic differences, direct adaptation of silicon-based circuit designs and traditional computer architecture wisdom is not applicable.
Ultra thin electronics for space applications (2002)

Higher performance, increasing I/O requirements and smaller chip size are putting more demands on technology for increased density. If most of the demand is coming from consumer electronics for next generation of Internet portable devices, similar trends are seen in the space industry with the future generation of broadband multimedia satellite payloads. A new patented packaging technology for highly complex digital application is presented in this paper. 3D interconnect of ultra-thin silicon die (15 /spl mu/m thick) is enabled through slightly modified MCM-D technology. Collective fabrication is done with specifications which could respond to space environment standards. We review the key enabling technologies used to fabricate an ultra compact channelizer composed of 3 cascaded, 496 I/O ASICs. The 3D module has a footprint of 25/spl times/25 mm/sup 2/ with overall thickness of 500 /spl mu/m which makes it compatible of any chip scale package that will allow thermal management for 7.8 W power dissipation.
HPSG-style underspecified Japanese grammar with wide coverage (1998)

This paper describes a wide-coverage Japanese grammar based on HPSG. The aim of this work is to see the coverage and accuracy attainable using an underspecified grammar. Underspecification, allowed in a typed feature structure formalism, enables us to write down a wide-coverage grammar concisely. The grammar we have implemented consists of only 6 ID schemata, 68 lexical entries (assigned to functional words), and 63 lexical entry templates (assigned to parts of speech (BOSs)). Furthermore. word-specific constraints such as subcategorization of verbs are not fixed in the grammar. However. this granllnar call generate parse trees for 87% of the 10000 sentences in the Japanese EDR corpus. The dependency accuracy is 78% when a parser uses the heuristic that every bunsetsu 1 is attached to the nearest possible one.
Development of an Efficient 3D Reconstruction Solution from Permissive Open-Source Code (2020)

3D reconstruction is one of the main topics in computer vision and is heavily applied for creating virtual environments. Photogrammetry is a technique for obtaining 3D information by mapping objects and scenarios using only images. However, this process can take a long time when using large datasets. In this paper, a permissive open-source pipeline is proposed focusing on robustness, efficiency, and low execution time in batch processing. The permissive license allows commercial use without the need of keeping the code open. We mixed an enhanced structure from motion algorithm and a recurrent multi-view reconstruction. We also use Point Cloud Library for normal estimation, surface reconstruction, and texture mapping. We compared our results with COLMAP and MVE techniques using the DTU MVS dataset and real-world scenarios with our own datasets. The results showed a decrease of 69.4% on average time (compared to the best result of other techniques), but also demonstrated the need for more images to generate a complete reconstructed model.
Recent Progress in Lyme Disease and Remaining Challenges (2021)

Lyme disease (also known as Lyme borreliosis) is the most common vector-borne disease in the United States with an estimated 476,000 cases per year. While historically, the long-term impact of Lyme disease on patients has been controversial, mounting evidence supports the idea that a substantial number of patients experience persistent symptoms following treatment. The research community has largely lacked the necessary funding to properly advance the scientific and clinical understanding of the disease, or to develop and evaluate innovative approaches for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Given the many outstanding questions raised into the diagnosis, clinical presentation and treatment of Lyme disease, and the underlying molecular mechanisms that trigger persistent disease, there is an urgent need for more support. This review article summarizes progress over the past 5 years in our understanding of Lyme and tick-borne diseases in the United States and highlights remaining challenges.
Supplementary Figure S3 from Human Leukocyte Antigen–Presented Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Is a Surface Biomarker and Potential Therapeutic Target for Ovarian Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;HLA-A*02:01-negative tissues as determined by HLA-typing do not stain with BB7.2 or RL21A.&lt;/p&gt;
Supplementary Figures 1 - 2, Tables 1 - 2 from Selective Disruption of Rb–Raf-1 Kinase Interaction Inhibits Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Growth Irrespective of Gemcitabine Sensitivity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 1279K, Supplementary Figure 1. PANC-1 and Mia-PaCa cells are highly sensitive to RRD-251. Supplementary Figure 2. RRD-251 enhances the pro-apoptotic effects of gemcitabine. TABLE 1. Varying sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to RRD-251. Supplementary Table 2: RRD-251 enhances early and late apoptosis.&lt;/p&gt;
In Vivo Amyloid-β Imaging in the APPPS1–21 Transgenic Mouse Model with a 89Zr-Labeled Monoclonal Antibody (2016)

Amyloid plaques were detected in vivo with a radiolabeled monoclonal anti-amyloid antibody. The low brain penetrance of the antibody in addition to non-specific binding prevented an accurate estimation of plaque burden. However, it should be noted that [(89)Zr]-Df-Bz-JRF/AβN/25 nevertheless demonstrated in vivo binding and strategies to increase brain penetrance would likely achieve better results.
Synthesis and Characterization of Ti 3 AlC 2 (2000)

Polycrystalline bulk samples of Ti 3 Al 1.1 C 1.8 have been fabricated by reactively hot isostatically pressing a mixture of titanium, graphite, and Al 4 C 3 powders at a pressure of 70 MPa and temperature of 1400°C for 16 h. The hot isostatically pressed samples are predominantly single phase (containing ∼4 vol% Al 2 O 3 ), fully dense, and have a grain size of ∼25 μm. This carbide is similar to Ti 3 SiC 2 , with which it is isostructural, and has an unusual combination of properties. It is relatively soft (Vickers hardness of ∼3.5 GPa) and elastically stiff (Young's modulus of 297 GPa and shear modulus of 124 GPa); yet, it is lightweight (density of 4.2 g/cm 3 ) and easily machinable. The room‐temperature electrical resistivity is 0.35 ± 0.03 μΩ·m and decreases linearly as the temperature decreases. The temperature coefficient of resistivity is 0.0031 K −1 . The coefficient of thermal expansion, in the temperature range of 25°—1200°C, is 9.0 (± 0.2) × 10 −6 K −1 . The room‐temperature compressive and flexural strengths are 560 ± 20 and 375 ± 15 MPa, respectively. In contrast to flexure, where the failure is brittle, the failure in compression is noncatastrophic and is accompanied by some plasticity. The origin of that plasticity is believed to be the formation of a “shear” band that is oriented at an angle of ∼45° to the applied load. Ti 3 Al 1.1 C 1.8 also is a highly damage‐tolerant material; a 10‐kg‐load Vickers indentation made in a bar 1.5 mm thick reduces the post‐indentation flexural strength by ∼7%. This material also is quite resistant to thermal shock. At temperatures of &gt;1000°C, the deformation in compression is accompanied by significant plasticity and very respectable ultimate compressive stresses (200 MPa at 1200°C).
Micro Satellite Terminal-Based High Data Rate Communication for Rotary Wing Aircraft (2014)

This paper describes applications of micro satellite communication terminals with size, mass, and power suitable for small aircraft, based on Scrambled Code Multiple Access (SCMA) waveform, and enhancements that supports uninterrupted communication through intermittent blockages by rotary wings. Smaller antennas have wider beams and require transmit power to be reduced for avoiding adjacent satellite interference. SCMA, with very low-rate coding, allows the use of lower power even with smaller antenna. Utilizing very low-rate coding and a family of multiple access techniques facilitates the use of cost-effective Ku and Ka band satellite. SCMA-based micro terminals have earlier been used in over-the-air COTM demonstrations for command and control terrestrial scenarios. Recently, SCMA waveforms have been enhanced to support high data rates (> 10 Mbps) and to provide additional capability for dealing with intermittent blockages. This enables the use of SCMA for satellite communication on rotary wing aircraft that create repetitive blockages for transmit and receive signals. The paper also describes waveform enhancements for higher data rates and summarizes test results from over-the-air rotary wing demonstrations.
Arc Welding of Mild Steel in Pressurized Ar-O2 Atmosphere. (1993)

A Mild steel was welded in pressurized Ar-O2 gas mixture atmospheres up to 2.0 MPa, using a 1.6 mm diameter solid wire. The effects of ambient gas pressure and gas composition on the arc welding phenomena and mechanical properties of weld metal were studied. The main results are as follows :The fluctuations of arc voltage and welding current are small and the arc stability is fairly good. The weld metals obtained in this experiments have no defects such as under-cutting, overlapping, blow holes. The Vickers hardness and tensile properties of weld metals were varied with the ambient gas composition, but did not depend on the ambient gas pressure. The Charpy V-notch toughness of weld metal was changed markedly with O2 partial pressure in atmosphere and showed a maximum at 0.02-0.05 MPa oxygen partial pressure which resulted in about 0.03 mass% oxygen content of weld metal having a fine ferrite structure. This suggests that toughness is strongly influenced by the oxygen content of weld metal.
Evaluation of the role of diffuse scattering in urban microcellular propagation (2003)

The role and the importance of diffuse scattering in urban radio propagation is evaluated using a new, simple analytical scattering model and a ray tracing tool. The scattering model is arranged so that the main parameters, having a precise physical meaning, can be easily tuned using classical measurement or simulation results reported in the literature. A basic urban topology has been considered and the impact of diffuse scattering on narrowband as well as wideband propagation parameters has been investigated. Although the scattering parameters have been underestimated (with respect to literature data) in order for the evaluation to be more conservative, the scattering contribution has shown to be very important for both received power and channel dispersion in a variety of cases.
Early-Stage Formation of Helical Single Crystals and Their Confined Growth in Thin Film (2001)

We have previously reported on flat (lathlike) and helical single crystals grown from a smectic A* liquid crystalline (LC) phase of a main-chain nonracemic chiral polymer, PET(R*-9), synthesized from (R)-(−)-4'-{ω-[2-(p-hydroxy-o-nitrophenyloxy)-1-propyloxy]-1-nonyloxy}-4-biphenylcarboxylic acid.1,2 In this paper, we focus on the formation and growth process of these two types of crystals on the surface of a carbon-coated glass substrate. This substrate provides confinement that affects the crystallization process and ultimately prohibits the development of helical crystals when the film thickness is less than a few tens of nanometers. The population of helical crystals increases as the film thickness increases. Furthermore, at the same crystallization temperature, the pitch lengths of these helical crystals vary in films with different thickness. Coexistence of flat and helical forms in the same lamellar crystal can also be found, suggesting the possibilities of sudden changes of chain packing between them. Early stages of the formation of the helical crystals have been studied using a solvent washing technique for partially crystallized droplets. Uncrystallized LC PET(R*-9) is dissolved while helical lamellae are exposed, and at an early stage of growth, these crystals are observed to be saddle-shaped. Primary nucleation initiates planar growth which develops into saddle-shaped crystals as growth proceeds along both long and short axes of these flat crystals. Crystal growth rates are such that molecular diffusion can occur over distances on the order of micrometers in the surrounding mobile LC phase during crystallization.
Practical One-Pot Syntheses of Regioisomeric Furan-Fused Pyridinones (and Quinolinones) from Common Precursors (2010)

3-Alkynyl-4-methoxypyridin-2(1H)-ones undergo cyclization via divergent pathways when heated in acetic acid or triethyl­amine as reagent-solvent under microwave irradiation to furnish selectively furo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-ones or their regioisomeric furo[3,2-c]pyridin-4-ones, respectively. The same strategy applies to the synthesis of furoquinolinones.
Core-Fluorinated Naphthalene Diimides: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application in n-Type Organic Field-Effect Transistors (2016)

A series of difluoro- and tetrafluoro-substituted naphthalene diimides (NDIs) were synthesized by halogen exchange reactions of corresponding bromo-NDIs with CsF in dioxane. Two strong electron acceptor molecules 6 and 8 with low-lying LUMO energy levels of -4.27 and -4.54 eV were obtained, starting from tetrafluoro-NDI. Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) based on these fluorinated NDIs were fabricated by vapor deposition, exhibiting n-channel field-effect character under ambient conditions with the highest mobility of 0.1 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1).
Trust Document Distribution in MANETs (2007)

Mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) are used in battle-fields where no network infrastructure exists. Users rely on their physical neighbors to communicate with other users that are not in proximity. Accurate trust establishment and maintenance is essential for secure and reliable message transmissions in MANETs. Because of the mobility and dynamics of MANETs, the validity and value of trust documents change with time as well as with battlefield conditions and scenario stage. Thus trust management in MANETs is a much more dynamic problem than in conventional wireline networks, as well as wireless cellular networks. In traditional networks, centralized trusted servers provide necessary trust documents for trust establishment. However, such servers are not available in MANETs. Trust documents are distributed among users in the network. In this paper, we develop and analyze distributed schemes for efficiently and securely distributing trust documents, and updates, so that users are able to establish reliable trust relations with their neighbors. Key performance metrics are time response and availability ofdocuments across the network. Our approach is inspired from network coding, where trust documents are combined during distribution.