gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Genetic Variation in the GenomEUtwin Project (2003)

Multiallelic short tandem repeat polymorphisms, or microsatellites, are useful markers in genome wide scans to identify chromosomal regions containing genes underlying disease loci. The biallelic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) can be used to fine map previously identified large candidate regions or to test functional candidate genes by association analysis. In the GenomEUtwin project the population based impact of susceptibility genes for six multifactorial traits will be studied. A genome wide panel of informative human microsatellite markers will be analyzed by fluorescent capillary electrophoresis in well characterized twin and population samples. Contrary to microsatellites, selection of the most informative panels of SNPs is hampered by imperfect data on the allele frequencies and population distribution of SNPs markers in the databases. Therefore, selection of SNPs requires a substantial amount of bioinformatics, and, the SNPs need to be validated experimentally in the relevant populations prior to genotyping large sample sets. In the GenomEUtwin project, large scale genotyping of SNPs will be performed using the SNPstreamUHT and MassARRAY genotyping systems that are based on the primer extension reaction principle combined with fluorescent and mass spectrometric detection, respectively. Production of the genotyping data will be a joint effort by GenomEUtwin partners at the University of Helsinki, the National Public Health Institute in Helsinki, Finland and Uppsala University, Sweden. All genotyping data will be stored in a common database established specifically for the GenomEUtwin project, from where it can be accessed by the twin research centres that provided the samples for genotyping.
Halftone postprocessing for improved highlight rendition (2002)

Many halftoning algorithms tend to render highlight regions with objectionable dot distributions. To alleviate this artifact, we introduce a halftone postprocessing algorithm called the Springs algorithm. The objective of Springs is to rearrange dots in affected regions for a smoother more attractive rendition. We describe the Springs algorithm, and we show results which demonstrate its effectiveness. The heart of this algorithm is a simple dot-rearrangement heuristic which results in a more isotropic dot distribution. The approach is to treat any well-isolated dot as if it were connected to neighboring dots by springs, and to move it to a location where the energy in the springs is a minimum. Applied to the whole image, this could degrade the halftone appearance. However, Springs only moves dots in selected regions of the image. To select these regions, Springs employs a segmentation scheme which is based on finding light regions which do not exhibit strong edge structures.
Efficacy of the Jingxin Zhidong Formula for Tic Disorders: A Randomized, Double Blind, Double Dummy, Parallel Controlled Trial (2022)

Fei Fan,1 Long Hao,2 Si Zhang,1 Ying Zhang,3 Zhaoxiang Bian,4 Xuan Zhang,4 Qiong Wang,5 Fei Han1 1Department of Paediatrics, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Paediatrics, Beijing Fangshan District Liangxiang Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 4Chinese EQUATOR Centre, Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China; 5Clinical Medical School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Fei HanDepartment of Paediatrics, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 5, Beixiange Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 10-8800 1128Email hf4383@126.comBackground: The Jingxin Zhidong formula (JXZDF), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used to treat tic disorder (TD) in China. However, its efficacy has not yet been evaluated in a randomized controlled trial. We aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of JXZDF and aripiprazole in patients with TD.Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel controlled trial, 120 patients with TD, aged 6– 16 years were randomly assigned to receive either JXZDF (n = 60, 17.6 g/day) or aripiprazole (n = 60, 10 mg/day) for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was measured using the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS). Adverse events were assessed using the Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale.Results: JXZDF produced greater improvements than aripiprazole in the following YGTSS subscale scores at the endpoint: total tic scores (P = 0.004, 95% CI: 1.085– 3.494) and total motor scores (P = 0.004, 95% CI: 0.313– 1.739). The difference in rate between the groups was no significant (χ2 = 0.702, degrees of freedom = 1, P = 0.402). The overall incidence of adverse events was significantly lower in the JXZDF group than in the aripiprazole group (0% vs 6.67%, P < 0.001).Conclusion: JXZDF had a better safety profile than aripiprazole, and it was not inferior in terms of clinical efficacy. JXZDF warrants consideration as a potential treatment option for TD.Trial Registration: CHiCTR, ChiCTR2000039601 (Registered November 2, 2020).Keywords: tic disorder, Tourette syndrome, Chinese herbal Medicine formula, randomized controlled trial, Jingxin Zhidong formula
GZO/ZnO Multilayered nanodisk metasurface to engineer the plasma frequency (2014)

A metal/dielectric multilayered metasurface can be used to engineer the plasma frequency by controlling the ratio between the metal and dielectric layers. In this work, we demonstrate that a multilayered nanodisk metasurface based on semiconductor materials offers the design flexibility for tuning the plasmonic resonance.
Valence band structures of heavily doped strained GexSi1−x layers (1993)

Valence-band structure and density-of-state (DOS) effective mass are calculated for heavily p-type-doped Si and strained GexSi1−x layers grown on (100) Si. At low doping values calculations have been made by earlier authors and the results agree with the published values of DOS mass by these authors. The Fermi energy EF measured from the valence-band edge has been calculated using our values of DOS effective mass. At 1020 cm−3 doping level the value is 77.3 meV compared with 80 meV determined from luminescence experiments. The value of EF obtained by using the normally accepted value of 0.57 for the hole effective mass in Si is more than the experimental value by a factor about 2, i.e., the calculations reduce the discrepancy from 100% to less than 4%. The effective barrier height of (p+-Ge0.42Si0.58)/(p-Si) internal photoemission photo detector has also been calculated using our calculated value of the DOS hole mass. The calculated value is in reasonable agreement with the experimental value. The values of the band parameters and of deformation potentials are known only for small values of k and energies. These values have been used at large doping concentrations where k and energy are also large. The agreement of the theory with experiment suggests that the values of the parameters are valid approximately at higher energies also.
Clinical Outcomes of Pectoralis Major Tendon Repair with and without Platelet‐Rich Plasma (2022)

Level III, retrospective comparative therapeutic trial.
Enrichment and Analysis of Anode-Respiring Bacteria from Diverse Anaerobic Inocula (2012)

One of the limitations currently faced by microbial electrochemical cell (MXC) technologies lies in the shortage of different organisms capable of forming a biofilm and channeling electrons from substrates to the anode at high current densities. Using a poised anode (-0.30 V vs Ag/AgCl) and acetate as the electron donor in a MXC, we demonstrated the presence of highly efficient anode-respiring bacteria (ARB) able to produce high current densities (>1.5 A/m(2) anode) in seven out of thirteen environmental samples. These included marshes, lake sediments, saline microbial mats, and anaerobic soils obtained from geographically diverse locations. Our microbial ecology analysis, using pyrosequencing, shows that bacteria related to the genus Geobacter, a known and commonly found ARB, dominate only two of the biofilm communities producing high current; other biofilm communities contained different known and/or novel ARB. The presence of ARB in geographically diverse locations indicates that ARB thrive in a wide range of ecosystems. Studying ARB from different environmental conditions will allow us to better understand the ubiquity of anode respiration, compare the capabilities of different ARB consortia, and find ARB with useful metabolic capacities for future applications.
Extended Field-of-view and Increased-signal 3D Holographic Illumination with Time-division Multiplexing (2016)

We both extend the field-of-view and increase the signal in two-photon computer generated holography by using galvanometer mirrors to time-sequentially reposition multiple 3D holograms. We apply this toward 3D two-photon in vivo neuronal calcium imaging.
Quantitative Phosphokinome Analysis of the Met Pathway Activated by the Invasin Internalin B from Listeria monocytogenes (2009)

Stimulated by its physiological ligand, hepatocyte growth factor, the transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase Met activates a signaling machinery that leads to mitogenic, motogenic, and morphogenic responses. Remarkably, the food-borne human pathogen Listeria monocytogenes also promotes autophosphorylation of Met through its virulence factor internalin B (InlB) and subsequently exploits Met signaling to induce phagocytosis into a broad range of host cells. Although the interaction between InlB and Met has been studied in detail, the signaling specificity of components involved in InlB-triggered cellular responses remains poorly characterized. The analysis of regulated phosphorylation events on protein kinases is therefore of particular relevance, although this could not as yet be characterized systematically by proteomics. Here, we implemented a new pyridopyrimidine-based strategy that enabled the efficient capture of a considerable subset of the human kinome in a robust one-step affinity chromatographic procedure. Additionally, and to gain functional insights into the InlB/Met-induced bacterial invasion process, a quantitative survey of the phosphorylation pattern of these protein kinases was accomplished. In total, the experimental design of this study comprises affinity chromatographic procedures for the systematic enrichment of kinases, as well as phosphopeptides; the quantification of all peptides based on the iTRAQ reporter system; and a rational statistical strategy to evaluate the quality of phosphosite regulations. With this improved chemical proteomics strategy, we determined and relatively quantified 143 phosphorylation sites detected on 94 human protein kinases. Interestingly, InlB-mediated signaling shows striking similarities compared with the natural ligand hepatocyte growth factor that was intensively studied in the past. In addition, this systematic approach suggests a new subset of protein kinases including Nek9, which are differentially phosphorylated after short time (4-min) treatment of cells with the Met-activating InlB(321). Thus, this quantitative phosphokinome study suggests a general, hypothesis-free concept for the detection of dynamically regulated protein kinases as novel signaling components involved in host-pathogen interactions.
HPV DNA-test for livmorhalskreft (2007)

Livmorhalskreft er den tredje vanligste kreftformen blant kvinner på verdensbasis og utgjør ca. 10 prosent av all kreft hos kvinner. Livmorhalskreft er primært et resultat av vedvarende infeksjon med høyrisikotyper av humant papillomavirus (HPV). Over 95 prosent av dem som har livmorhalskreft er HPV- positive. Forstadier til livmorhalskreft oppdages ved analyse av celleprøver (cytologi), men siden HPV er så sterkt assosiert med kreftformen, har testing for HPV vært foreslått til å velge ut pasienter for videre diagnose av mulige forstadier til livmorhalskreft eller kreft i tidlig stadium. Sosial- og helsedirektoratet har derfor bedt Kunnskapssenteret om å vurdere HPV DNA-testers testegenskaper, det vil si hvilken evne de har til å skille godt mellom friske og syke. Notatet belyser HPV DNA-testers diagnostiske egenskaper sammenliknet med cytologi til å diagnostisere forstadier til livmorhalskreft.\n\nMetode\n\nDet ble søkt i HTA- og Cochrane-databasene etter systematiske oversikter som har vurdert HPV DNA-testing ved masseundersøkelser (screening) for livmorhalskreft, og resultater fra disse oversiktene er oppsummert.\n\nHovedfunn\n\nHPV DNA-testing er mer sensitiv, men mindre spesifikk enn cytologi både ved primær- og sekundærscreening.
Vertical split-ring resonators for plasmon coupling, sensing and metasurface (2015)

Split-ring resonator (SRR), one kind of building block of metamaterials, attracts wide attentions due to the resonance excitation of electric and magnetic dipolar response. The fundamental plasmonic properties and potential applications in novel three dimensional vertical split-ring resonators (VSRRs) are designed and investigated. The resonant properties arose from the electric and magnetic interactions between the VSRR and light are theoretically and experimentally studied. Tuning the configuration of VSRR unit cells is able to generate various novel coupling phenomena in VSRRs, such as plasmon hybridization and Fano resonance. The magnetic resonance plays a key role in plasmon coupling in VSRRs. The VSRR-based refractive-index sensor is demonstrated. Due to the unique structural configuration, the enhanced plasmon fields localized in VSRR gaps can be lifted off from the dielectric substrate, allowing for the increase of sensing volume and enhancing the sensitivity. We perform a VSRR based metasurface for light manipulation in optical communication frequency. By changing the prong heights, the 2π phase modulation can be achieved in VSRR for the design of metasurface which can be used for high areal density integration of metal nanostructures and optoelectronic devices.
Highly Conductive Copper Film on Inkjet-Printed Porous Silver Seed for Flexible Electronics (2018)

Material properties of electroless deposited copper film suitable for electronic circuits have been studied on Silver nanoparticle inkjet-printed polyimide substrate. The optimized process includes silver nanoparticle seed printing, sintering at 300°C, followed by electroless deposition. The result was a highly conducting copper metallization with an improved resistivity of 2.1μΩ.cm compared to only printed silver. We also present composition analysis by XPS and structural characterization by FIB-SEM and profilometry. FIB-SEM, XPS, and XRF were integrated together to deduce the kinetics of electroless deposition on the highly porous silver nanoparticle seed. The results and the model indicate that the copper deposition is in two consecutive stages: (a) copper deposited inside the seed silver layer to fill the porous channels formed after annealing (b) the copper deposited uniformly on top of the filled pores. The effective conductance is a result of the two elements, silver and copper, the composite formed in the seed and the dense polycrystalline copper thin film deposited on the top of the seed.
New intranasal and injectable gene therapy for healthy life extension (2021)

Abstract As the global elderly population grows, it is socioeconomically and medically critical to have diverse and effective means of mitigating the impact of aging on human health. Previous studies showed that adenovirus-associated virus (AAV) vector induced overexpression of certain proteins can suppress or reverse the effects of aging in animal models. Here, we sought to determine whether the high-capacity cytomegalovirus vector can be an effective and safe gene delivery method for two such-protective factors: telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and follistatin (FST). We found that the mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) carrying exogenous TERT or FST (MCMV TERT or MCMV FST ) extended median lifespan by 41.4% and 32.5%, respectively. This is the first report of CMV being used successfully as both an intranasal and injectable gene therapy system to extend longevity. Treatment significantly improved glucose tolerance, physical performance, and prevented loss of body mass and alopecia. Telomere shortening seen with aging was ameliorated by TERT, and mitochondrial structure deterioration was halted in both treatments. Intranasal and injectable preparations performed equally well in safely and efficiently delivering gene therapy to multiple organs, with long-lasting benefits and without carcinogenicity or unwanted side effects. Translating this research to humans could have significant benefits associated with increased health span.
Distal biceps brachii tendon rupture: what do we do with these? (2009)

Treatment options for distal biceps tendon ruptures are vast, including conservative treatment and many techniques for surgical repair. Surgical repair of distal biceps ruptures is indicated in patients wanting to restore supination strength and endurance. In most cases, direct anatomic repair is indicated, with the two-incision technique modified by Morrey considered the standard. Superior outcomes of surgical repair compared with conservative treatment have been well established. Most contemporary techniques focus on the single-incision approach with types of fixation including suture anchors, cortical buttons and interference screws. Recent literature has focused on descriptions of new techniques along with biomechanical comparisons of these options. Of the one-incision approaches, it is not yet clear which technique is superior. This review provides a discussion of all the most recent data and gives our algorithm for treatment of this injury.
A renormalization group decoding algorithm for topological quantum codes (2010)

Topological quantum error-correcting codes are defined by geometrically local checks on a two-dimensional lattice of quantum bits (qubits), making them particularly well suited for fault-tolerant quantum information processing. Here, we present a decoding algorithm for topological codes that is faster than previously known algorithms and applies to a wider class of topo-logical codes. Our algorithm makes use of two methods inspired from statistical physics: renormalization groups and mean-field approximations. First, the topological code is approximated by a concatenated block code that can be efficiently decoded. To improve this approximation, additional consistency conditions are imposed between the blocks, and are solved by a belief propagation algorithm.
InAs quantum dot selective area epitaxy using InGaAs thin films (2002)

A novel method of quantum dot selective area epitaxy of InAs quantum dots using an InGaAs pattern is presented. Indium segregation from an underlying InGaAs layer allows for preferential growth of InAs quantum dots on InGaAs when additional material is deposited. By using standard lithography techniques, selective area epitaxy was achieved on 20% InGaAs layers with a dot density of 3/spl times/10/sup 10/ cm/sup -2/ without the need for subsequent regrowth steps. The selective area quantum dot epitaxy was also observed to occur on self-organized 100 nm InAs 2D mesas with a high local selective area quantum dot density of 3.1/spl times/10/sup 12/ cm/sup -/2.
DNA-Nanoparticle Superlattices Formed from Anisotropic Building Blocks* (2020)

The use of DNA as a ligand for the three-dimensional crystallization of nanoparticles into colloidal superlattices has many advantages over other assembly techniques. Dense DNA functionalization of anisotropic nanostructures was achieved through a combination of particle purification, overgrowth or appropriate surfactant mixtures. Gold nanorods were assembled using DNA linkers of varying lengths; on annealing, the resulting superlattices possessed longrange hexagonal symmetry. Synchrotron-based small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) data demonstrate that the octahedra crystallize into a disordered lattice, a body-centred-cubic lattice and an face-centred cubic (fcc) lattice, with short, intermediate and long DNA lengths, respectively. The SAXS data confirm that the rhombic dodecahedra crystallize into fcc lattices and retain the lattice parameter programmability imparted by variations in DNA linker length. Importantly, the lattices exhibit a significantly larger number of scattering peaks than fcc crystals consisting of similarly sized spherical particles, indicating greater positional order with respect to an ideal fcc lattice.
Guidance for Implementing Best Practice Therapeutic Exercise for Patients With Knee and Hip Osteoarthritis: What Does the Current Evidence Base Tell Us? (2020)

Therapeutic exercise is a recommended first-line treatment for patients with knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA); however, there is little specific advice or practical resources to guide clinicians in its implementation. As the first in a series of projects by the Osteoarthritis Research Society International Rehabilitation Discussion Group to address this gap, we aim in this narrative review to synthesize current literature informing the implementation of therapeutic exercise for patients with knee and hip OA, focusing on evidence from systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials. Therapeutic exercise is safe for patients with knee and hip OA. Numerous types of therapeutic exercise (including aerobic, strengthening, neuromuscular, mind-body exercise) may be utilized at varying doses and in different settings to improve pain and function. Benefits from therapeutic exercise appear greater when dosage recommendations from general exercise guidelines for healthy adults are met. However, interim therapeutic exercise goals may also be useful, given that many barriers to achieving these dosages exist among this patient group. Theoretically-informed strategies to improve adherence to therapeutic exercise, such as patient education, goal-setting, monitoring, and feedback, may help maintain participation and optimize clinical benefits over the longer term. Sedentary behavior is also a risk factor for disability and lower quality of life in patients with knee and hip OA, although limited evidence exists regarding how best to reduce this behavior. Current evidence can be used to inform how to implement best practice therapeutic exercise at a sufficient and appropriate dose for patients with knee and hip OA.
Measurement of Enhanced Radiation Force on a Parallel Metallic-Plate System in the Microwave Regime (2014)

We measure the force exerted by microwave radiation on a centimeter-sized parallel-plate metallic resonant unit. By varying the ambient environment, we distinguish carefully between the direct radiation force and the indirect photothermal component. At the microwave resonance, the former is measured quantitatively to be 100 times larger than the conventional radiation force. Furthermore, the enhanced radiation force tends to increase the separation of the plates. Both the direction and the magnitude of the measured force agree well with numerical calculations.
The Ellipso mobile satellite system - Flexible and affordable mobile satellite communications service (1994)

Mobile Communications Holdings, Inc is in the process of developing and fielding a new, innovative, satellite-based mobile communications system which will offer global service. This system features broadband code division multiple access, simple satellites, and a constellation design that features elliptical orbits, partitionable subconstellations, and medium earth orbit altitudes. This design permits it to efficiently place satellite capability where and when it is most needed and minimize deployment of capability where and when it is little needed. This design offers a unique opportunity to deploy and operate a commercial mobile satellite system with the least and the most effective use of