gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Validation of an Open Source Framework for the Simulation of Blood Flow in Rigid and Deformable Vessels (2013)

Computational methods are the tool of choice for the study of physics phenomena in many fields of scientific endeavor. To guarantee the reliability of the results of computational analyses, it is crucial that mathematical models are validated and numerical methods are verified. A verified method is capable of correctly solving the problem equations, while a valid model is able to correctly describe the features of the problem (i.e. it uses the right equations). In this paper we: (i) verify and validate an open source computational fluid dynamics (CFD) framework for the solution of problems of interest in hemodynamics and (ii) provide a report on the methodology that we use, to make our experiences reproducible.
Gas-phase dissociation mechanisms of dilithiated disaccharides: tandem mass spectrometry and semiempirical calculations. (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGas-phase dissociation mechanisms of dilithiated disaccharides: tandem mass spectrometry and semiempirical calculations.Andreas Staempfli, Zhongrui Zhou, and Julie A. LearyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 13, 3590–3594Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00039a016https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00039a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views138Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Erratum:L2,3-subshell x-ray fluorescence and Coster-Kronig yields atZ=64 and 67 (1981)

TABLE III.Final values of &2
A Review of Second-Life Lithium-Ion Batteries for Stationary Energy Storage Applications (2022)

The large-scale retirement of electric vehicle traction batteries poses a huge challenge to environmental protection and resource recovery since the batteries are usually replaced well before their end of life. Direct disposal or material recycling of retired batteries does not achieve their maximum economic value. Thus, the second-life use of EV batteries has become the most economical and environmentally friendly solution. However, there are still many issues facing second-life batteries (SLBs). To better understand the current research status, this article reviews the research progress of second-life lithium-ion batteries for stationary energy storage applications, including battery aging mechanisms, repurposing, modeling, battery management, and optimal sizing. Energy management strategies are reviewed to maximize the economic benefits for SLBs, and the less-demanding applications of SLBs are presented. The technical challenges and future development trends of battery reusing technologies are also discussed. Finally, the conclusions and relevant recommendations for future studies are summarized.
Pharmacodynamic Behavior of Liposomal Antisense Oligonucleotides Targeting Her-2/neu and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in an Ascitic MDA435/LCC6 Human Breast Cancer Model (2004)

The nature of anti-cancer therapeutics is currently undergoing a paradigm change, with biologic agents slowly being introduced into the therapeutic armory, displacing or complimenting the traditionally used cytotoxic agents. These new agents include monoclonal antibodies, recombinant DNA, antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) and others. To assess the new therapeutics, new predictive models are required. Utilizing the MDA435/LCC6 human breast cancer xenograft model, the pharmacokinetic behavior of antisense oligonucleotides targeted against vascular endothelial growth factor and HER-2/neu was assessed. For pharmacodynamic analysis, ASO in buffer or encapsulated in a liposomal formulation were injected intravenously or intraperitoneally into MDA435/LCC6 ascites tumor-bearing mice. Plasma antisense elimination, tissue distribution, total peritoneal antisense and peritoneal cell associated antisense levels were determined. Liposomal encapsulation led to significant decreases in the plasma elimination rate, as evidenced by an approximate 10-fold increase in mean AUC over 24 hours, as well as enhanced peritoneal cell delivery in mice bearing ascites tumors. Tissue distribution studies of both free and liposome encapsulated ASO indicated that ASO distribution was dictated primarily by the liposomal carrier when administered in liposomal form.
Cloud computing for Air Traffic Management - Framework analysis (2013)

This paper presents a framework for transitioning Air Traffic Management (ATM) functions to cloud computing, for cost savings, and gains in performance and efficiency. With the established framework, initial analysis was carried out for NAS automation systems. The analysis revealed that it is technically feasible to transition most of the ATM functions to the cloud computing environment, with benefits significant to both the system owner and NAS end users. A study of recent development in the field also revealed that, while challenges exist, with the proper alignment of technical and investment decisions, transitioning of ATM functions to the cloud computing environment can be achieved much faster, and that it is already happening.
Prevalence of brain magnetic resonance imaging meeting Barkhof and McDonald criteria for dissemination in space among headache patients (2013)

Barkhof and McDonald criteria were met in 2.4-7.1% and 24.4-34.5%, respectively.
Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulations of Flows Past Smooth and Rough/Bare and Helically Straked Circular Cylinders Allowed to Undergo Two Degree-of-Freedom Motions (2009)

We simulate the flow past smooth and rough rigid circular cylinders that are either bare or outfitted with helical strakes. We consider operating conditions that correspond to high Reynolds numbers of 105 and 106, and allow for two degree-of-freedom motions such that the structure is allowed to respond to flow-induced cross-flow and in-line forces. The computations are performed using a parallelized Navier–Stokes in-house solver using overset grids. For smooth surface simulations at a Reynolds number of 105, we use a Smagorinsky large eddy simulation turbulence model and for the Reynolds number cases of 106 we make use of the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations with a two-layer k-epsilon turbulence model. The rough surface modifications of the two-layer k-epsilon turbulence model due to Durbin et al. (2001, “Rough Wall Modification of Two-Layer k-Epsilon,” ASME J. Fluids Eng., 123, pp. 16–21) are implemented to account for surface roughness effects. In all our computations we aim to resolve the boundary layer directly by using adequate grid spacing in the near-wall region. The predicted global flow parameters under different surface conditions are in good agreement with experimental data, and significant vortex-induced vibration suppression is observed when using helically straked cylinders.
Modulation of neuronal microcircuit activities within the medial prefrontal cortex by mGluR5 positive allosteric modulator (2014)

Suppressing anxiety and fear memory relies on bidirectional projections between the medial prefrontal cortex and the amygdala. Positive allosteric modulators of mGluR5 improve cognition in animal models of schizophrenia and retrieval of newly formed associations such as extinction of fear-conditioned behaviour. The increase in neuronal network activities of the medial prefrontal cortex is influenced by both mGluR1 and mGluR5; however, it is not well understood how they modulate network activities and downstream information processing. To map mGluR5-mediated network activity in relation to its emergence as a viable cognitive enhancer, we tested group I mGluR compounds on medial prefrontal cortex network activity via multi-electrode array neuronal spiking and whole-cell patch clamp recordings. Results indicate that mGluR5 activation promotes feed-forward inhibition that depends on recruitment of neuronal activity by carbachol-evoked up states. The rate of neuronal spiking activity under the influence of carbachol was reduced by the mGluR5 positive allosteric modulator, N-(1,3-Diphenyl-1H-pyrazolo-5-yl)-4-nitrobenzamide (VU-29), and enhanced by the mGluR5 negative allosteric modulator, 3-((2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)ethynyl)pyridine hydrochloride (MTEP). Spontaneous inhibitory post-synaptic currents were increased upon application of carbachol and in combination with VU-29. These results emphasize a bias towards tonic mGluR5-mediated inhibition that might serve as a signal-to-noise enhancer of sensory inputs projected from associated limbic areas onto the medial prefrontal cortex neuronal microcircuit.
Correction of head movements in multi-slice EPI and single-slice gradient-echo functional MRI (2002)

The authors have investigated 2D and 3D registration techniques based on either simple rotational/translational movements or movements modeled as a first or second order polynomial to correct for assumed rigid and nonrigid body motion in fMRI. Data acquired with two different multi-slice echo planar imaging (EPI) systems and a single-slice conventional gradient-echo system (all at 1.5 T) were used to develop and evaluate the registration techniques. Two sets of data were acquired with EPI. In the first set, the subjects were asked to keep their head as stationary as possible while in the second set, subjects were asked to randomly move their head with displacements being on the order of 1 cm. Images from the second set were registered and compared to those obtained from the first set. Results show that 2D and 3D motion corrected images show lower variance to mean ratio than uncorrected images and that in most cases, polynomial based nonrigid body correction produces the lowest variance to mean ratios.
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Amixicile-Based Inhibitors of the Pyruvate-Ferredoxin Oxidoreductases of Anaerobic Bacteria and Epsilonproteobacteria (2016)

Amixicile is a promising derivative of nitazoxanide (an antiparasitic therapeutic) developed to treat systemic infections caused by anaerobic bacteria, anaerobic parasites, and members of the Epsilonproteobacteria (Campylobacter and Helicobacter). Amixicile selectively inhibits pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR) and related enzymes by inhibiting the function of the vitamin B1 cofactor (thiamine pyrophosphate) by a novel mechanism. Here, we interrogate the amixicile scaffold, guided by docking simulations, direct PFOR inhibition assays, and MIC tests against Clostridium difficile, Campylobacter jejuni, and Helicobacter pylori Docking simulations revealed that the nitro group present in nitazoxanide interacts with the protonated N4'-aminopyrimidine of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP). The ortho-propylamine on the benzene ring formed an electrostatic interaction with an aspartic acid moiety (B456) of PFOR that correlated with improved PFOR-inhibitory activity and potency by MIC tests. Aryl substitution with electron-withdrawing groups and substitutions of the propylamine with other alkyl amines or nitrogen-containing heterocycles both improved PFOR inhibition and, in many cases, biological activity against C. difficile Docking simulation results correlate well with mechanistic enzymology and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies that show members of this class of antimicrobials to be specific inhibitors of vitamin B1 function by proton abstraction, which is both novel and likely to limit mutation-based drug resistance.
Distributed detection and isolation of topology attacks in power networks (2012)

This paper addresses the issue of detecting and isolating topology attacks in power networks. A topology attack, unlike a data attack and power injection attack, alters the physical dynamics of the power network by removing bus interconnections. These attacks can manifest as both cyber and physical attacks. A physical topology attack occurs when a bus interconnection is physically broken, while a cyber topology attack occurs when incorrect information about the network topology is transmitted to the system estimator and incorporated as the truth. To detect topology attacks, a stochastic hypothesis testing problem is considered assuming noisy measurements are obtained by periodically sampling a dynamic process described by the networked swing equation dynamics, modified to assume stochastic power injections. A centralized approach to network topology detection and isolation is introduced as a two-part scheme consisting of topology detection followed by topology isolation, assuming a topology attack exists. To address the complexity issues arising with performing centralized detection in large-scale power networks, a decentralized approach is presented that uses only local measurements to detect the presence of a topology attack. Simulation results illustrate that both the centralized and decentralized approaches accurately detect and isolate topology attacks.
Revisitar Processos, Redefinir Direitos: processos de levantamento de interdição-inabilitação (2010-2015) (2016)

Introdução: Os processos de interdição-inabilitação colidem necessariamente com a liberdade individual, condicionando restrição nos direitos fundamentais. Inexistindo qualquer intenção de pena ou castigo, visam antes a protecção do maior Incapaz, procurando-se a máxima preservação da capacidade e uma proporcionalidade entre as medidas e o grau de incapacidade. Nas perícias psiquiátricas das acções especiais de interdição-inabilitação, cujo número tem crescido nos últimos anos, a responsabilidade que recai no perito aumentou desde 2013, uma vez que o Juiz só intervém directamente (interrogatório judicial) quando a acção é contestada, o que não é frequente. Objectivos: Revisitar os conceitos de interdição/inabilitação e os mecanismos para os modificar ou suspender. Conhecer a realidade nacional respeitante aos pedidos de alteração da sentença de interdição/inabilitação efectuados nos últimos 6 anos, identificando as motivações pessoais dos requerentes para tais pedidos e extraindo as razões clínicas e técnicas que fundamentaram a modificação das restrições. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo descritivo. Consultou-se a estatística oficial e obteve-se a colaboração do Conselho Superior de Magistratura (CSM), permitindo identificação e consulta dos processos de interdição ou inabilitação que foram alvo de pedidos de levantamento. Resultados e Conclusões: A estatística oficial do período em análise assinalava a existência de 43 pedidos de levantamento entretanto concluídos. Contudo, das 23 Comarcas nacionais contactadas pelo CSM – entidade que previamente oficiámos e à qual pedimos colaboração no sentido do envio da autorização aos Senhores Juízes Presidentes das várias comarcas – responderam no sentido colaborativo 5, envolvendo 8 processos de levantamento, dos quais apenas 6 se encontravam findos, sendo analisados presencialmente. Das acções especiais originais resultaram 4 sentenças de interdição e 2 de inabilitação. Após os processos de levantamento, apenas 1 caso manteve interdição, com os restantes a ficarem inabilitados (3) ou livres de restrição (2). Do ponto de vista da metodologia técnica, verificou-se que a entrevista de familiar/pessoa significativa não foi referida ou efectuada em 7 das 12 perícias, que em 4 dos 12 relatórios não constava qualquer referência a documentos clínicos anexos ao processo e que em 5 ocasiões não foram pedidos exames auxiliares. A capacidade deve ser encarada como uma variável potencialmente dinâmica. Da análise das avaliações periciais destaca-se a escassez de informação colateral (sobre a gravidade, irreversibilidade ou efectivo grau de incapacidade), o papel das relações familiares disfuncionais (que, alteradas, resultaram em melhoria substancial da capacidade) e dos efeitos benéficos do apoio especializado (com impacto positivo no funcionamento e capacidade).
Emerging Technologies: Trendy RNA Tools for Aging Research (2004)

Aging is an inevitable biological phenomenon. Attempts to understand its mechanisms and, consequently, to therapeutically decelerate or even reverse the process are limited by its daunting complexity. Rapid and robust functional genomic tools suited to a wide array of experimental model systems are needed to dissect the interplay of individual genes during aging. In this article, we review principles that transcend the view of RNA, from a molecule merely mediating the flow of genetic information, into a unique molecular tool. In the form of catalytic molecular scissors (ribozymes), antibody-like antagonists (aptamers) and gene silencers (interfering RNAs, RNAi) can be effectively used to dissect biofunctions conserved throughout the evolution. In this review, application of recent RNA tools in aging research is discussed.
Total Synthesis of (+)-Ambruticin S (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTTotal Synthesis of (+)-Ambruticin SThomas A. Kirkland, John Colucci, Leo S. Geraci, Matthew A. Marx, Matthias Schneider, David E. Kaelin, and Stephen F. MartinView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 49, 12432–12433Publication Date (Web):November 16, 2001Publication History Received31 July 2001Published online16 November 2001Published inissue 1 December 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja011867fhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja011867frapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2111Altmetric-Citations64LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Aldehydes,Ethers,Mixtures,Sulfones Get e-Alerts
Hydrodynamic model for gas‐lift reactors (1998)

Abstract The hydrodynamic model of Young et al. (1991) for external‐loop gas‐lift reactors was modified to account for buoyancy forces in the gas phase. The revised model is based on macroscopic balances for the gas‐liquid separator and external downcomer and spatially‐averaged, 1‐D mass and momentum balances in the riser. Using only the physical properties of the gas and liquid phases, the reactor dimensions, and the gas superficial velocity, the model predicts gas holdup profiles, gas and liquid velocity profiles, and pressure profiles in the riser for bubbly flow. Empirical correlations are used to represent frictional and drag effects, but there are no adjustable parameters in the model. The system of equations that must be solved to predict hydrodynamic behavior is simpler than that of Young et al. The sensitivity of the model to choice of drag coefficient correlation is analyzed. The model predictions match experimental data of previous works.
Copolymerization of methyl methacrylate with lauryl methacrylate using group transfer polymerization (1997)

The syntheses of random and block copolymers (using sequential monomer addition) of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and lauryl methacrylate (LMA) have been investigated by group transfer polymerization (GTP) over a wide composition range using tetrabutylammonium bibenzoate (TBABB) as catalyst and 1-methoxy-1-(trimethylsiloxy)-2-methyl-1-propene (MTS) as initiator in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at room temperature. The absolute molecular weight of the copolymers were determined by SEC-MALLS. The observed molecular weights were generally higher than the calculated molecular weights. However, the molecular weight distributions were very narrow (1.02–1.1). Use of trimethylsilyl benzoate as a “livingness enhancer” improved the livingness of the first block (PLMA) and block copolymers with no detectable contamination of homopolymer. Statistical copolymers of MMA and LMA were prepared, and the reactivity ratios of the two monomers under the defined conditions were determined. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 35: 1999–2007, 1997
Modeling and control of an electro-mechanical ballscrew actuator for vibration active damping (2014)

The damping of vibrations on aircrafts and rotorcrafts can provide life extension and weight reduction on those structures on which the vibration load is a significant amount of load endurance spectrum. In this work, a hybrid active-passive inertial actuator system is presented. It is based on a ballscrew based actuator, and the power generation is provided by an open windings three phase motor controlled by a dual inverter. Open windings drives allow to achieve greater torque generation with the same DC bus voltage. The PWM is generated accordingly to a novel algorithm based on a combination of two standard SVM algorithms, one for each inverter. The current controller has been tested on a real test bench at the designed working frequency. Also, a force controller has been designed and tested to verify the force values that can be delivered by the actuator at the designed working frequency.
Impact of Substrate‐Based Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia on Cardiac Mortality in Patients With Implantable Cardioverter‐Defibrillators (2015)

LAVA elimination in addition to VT noninducibility as a procedural outcome for substrate-based ablation is associated with reduced mortality and better VT-free survival during follow-up. This prognostic benefit may be most pronounced in patients with severe heart failure as indicated by severely depressed LV function and NYHA class III/IV symptoms.
Further Work on Acceleration Insensitive Semiconductor Pressure Sensors for High Bandwidth Measurements on Rotating Turbine Blades (2003)

The turbine environment is a harsh one in which to attempt fast response measurements of static pressure on a rotating component, even for model turbines operating at ambient temperatures. Because of the high rotational speed of most turbines, pressure sensors can be exposed t o high levels of centrifugal and vibrational acceleration. Indeed, latest experiments have been designed with high vibrational levels of acceleration deliberately introduced to permit the study of aero elastic behavior – the coupling of structural response with aerodynamic excitation.