gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Non‐Covalent Aggregation of Discrete Metallo‐Supramolecular Helicates into Higher Assemblies by Aromatic Pathways: Structural and Chemical Studies of New Aniline‐Based Neutral Metal(II) Dihelicates (2005)

Abstract Neutral manganese( II ), iron( II ), cobalt( II ), nickel( II ), zinc( II ) and cadmium( II ) complexes with an N ‐tosyl‐substituted N 4 ‐donor Schiff base containing a 4,4'‐methylenedianiline residue as spacer [H 2 L a : N , N' ‐bis(2‐tosylaminobenzylidene)‐4,4'‐methylenedianiline], and the zinc( II ) complex with an analogous ligand [H 2 L b : N , N' ‐bis(2‐tosylaminobenzylidene)‐4,4'‐oxodianiline] have been prepared by an electrochemical procedure. FAB and ESI mass spectra of the complexes show peaks due to species corresponding to a general formula [M 2 (L a,b ) 2 + H] + , thereby suggesting their dinuclear nature. A detailed study of the crystal packing in the unit cell of the zinc( II ) complex with H 2 L a shows that the helicates aggregate to form discrete prismatic moieties containing three molecules held together by π–π and σ–π interactions. Moreover, the Zn II neutral dihelicate with H 2 L b forms a 3D network in the solid state due to intermolecular π‐stacking interactions. 1 H NMR studies of the diamagnetic compounds reported herein have been performed. Finally, the ligand H 2 L a and its Zn II and Cd II complexes have been studied by spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric techniques in order to get a better understanding of the formation mechanisms of the complexes and of the nature of their fluorescence emission. Emission studies show that the Zn II and Cd II dihelicates with H 2 L a display a green fluorescence in acetonitrile solution ( λ = 473 nm, Φ = 0.03 and λ = 476 nm, Φ = 0.01, respectively). (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
A new immunohistochemistry prognostic score (IPS) for recurrence and survival in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNET). (2016)

241 Background: We aimed to evaluate the expression and prognostic significance of N-myc downstream-regulated gen-1 (NDRG-1), O 6 -methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) and Pleckstrin homology-like domain family A member 3 (PHLDA-3) by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and methylation analysis in resected pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNET). Methods: Ninety-two patients with resected primary PanNET and follow-up &gt; 24 months were included in this study. Nuclear staining for MGMT and PHLDA-3 were scored as 0, 1-5%, 6-50% and ≥ 51%; cytoplasmic NDRG-1 staining was scored based on intensity and pattern from 0 to 2. We then grouped IHC scores for MGMT (absent versus any expression); for NDRG-1 (0 versus 1 versus 2) and for PHLDA-3 ( &lt; 50% versus ≥ 51%). Finally, we developed an immunohistochemistry prognostic score (IPS) based on MGMT, NDRG-1 and PHLDA-3 IHC expression to predict disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). The discriminatory ability of multivariate models combining the IPS and important clinical variables was assessed with Harrel’s c-index (HCI) and a modification of Harrell’s c-index (mHCI). Results: DFS was significantly worse in patients without any expression of MGMT compared with those with any grade of expression (HR: 2.21; 95%CI: 0.97-5.02; p = 0.013), in patients with moderate or high score for NDRG-1 (p = 0.005), and in those with high-expression for PHLDA-3 (HR: 1.94; 95%CI: 1.05,3.6; p = 0.036). A significant difference in OS was observed based on NDRG-1 score (p = 0.013). In multivariate analyses, ki-67 (HR: 2.45; 95% CI: 1.20-5.01; p = 0.01) and IPS (HR: 2.68; 95% CI: 1.60,4.49; p = 0.00018) were independent prognostic factors for DFS, while age (HR: 7.67; 95% CI: 2.14,27.45; p = 0.0017) and IPS (HR: 2.67; 95% CI: 1.11, 6.41; p = 0.03) were independent prognostic factors for OS. HCI for the multivariate DFS and OS models were 0.796 and 0.788, respectively. Conclusions: Our IPS is a useful prognostic biomarker for recurrence and survival in patients following resection for PanNET. Prospective studies are warranted to validate our findings and determine its role for patients’ selection to neo/adjuvant treatments
Multicast Architecture over Next Generation Network (2008)

ITU-T SG13 is standardizing multicast framework architecture of next generation network. This specifies the architecture and functions of next generation network multicast services that make use of next generation network architecture and its features. In this paper, we describe the functional architecture of next generation network for multicast services in NGN release 2.
Development of Spherical Nucleic Acids for Prostate Cancer Immunotherapy (2020)

Although the strategy of therapeutic vaccination for the treatment of prostate cancer has advanced to and is available in the clinic (Sipuleucel-T), the efficacy of such therapy remains limited. Here, we develop Immunostimulatory Spherical Nucleic Acid (IS-SNA) nanostructures comprised of CpG oligonucleotides as adjuvant and prostate cancer peptide antigens, and evaluate their antitumor efficacy in syngeneic mouse models of prostate cancer. IS-SNAs with the specific structural feature of presenting both antigen and adjuvant CpG on the surface (hybridized model (HM) SNAs) induce stronger cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) mediated antigen-specific killing of target cells than that for IS-SNAs with CpG on the surface and antigen encapsulated within the core (encapsulated model (EM) SNAs). Mechanistically, HM SNAs increase the co-delivery of CpG and antigen to dendritic cells over that for EM SNAs or admixtures of linear CpG and peptide, thereby improving cross-priming of antitumor CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells. As a result, vaccination with HM SNAs leads to more effective antitumor immune responses in two prostate cancer models. These data demonstrate the importance of the structural positioning of peptide antigens together with adjuvants within IS-SNAs to the efficacy of IS-SNA-based cancer immunotherapy.
Bradycardic effects mediated by activation of G protein‐coupled estrogen receptor in rat nucleus ambiguus (2012)

The G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) has been identified in several brain regions, including cholinergic neurons of the nucleus ambiguus, which are critical for parasympathetic cardiac regulation. Using calcium imaging and electrophysiological techniques, microinjection into the nucleus ambiguus and blood pressure measurement, we examined the in vitro and in vivo effects of GPER activation in nucleus ambiguus neurons. A GPER selective agonist, G-1, produced a sustained increase in cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration in a concentration-dependent manner in retrogradely labelled cardiac vagal neurons of nucleus ambiguus. The increase in cytosolic Ca(2+) produced by G-1 was abolished by pretreatment with G36, a GPER antagonist. G-1 depolarized cultured cardiac vagal neurons of the nucleus ambiguus. The excitatory effect of G-1 was also identified by whole-cell visual patch-clamp recordings in nucleus ambiguus neurons, in medullary slices. To validate the physiological relevance of our in vitro studies, we carried out in vivo experiments. Microinjection of G-1 into the nucleus ambiguus elicited a decrease in heart rate; the effect was blocked by prior microinjection of G36. Systemic injection of G-1, in addition to a previously reported decrease in blood pressure, also reduced the heart rate. The G-1-induced bradycardia was prevented by systemic injection of atropine, a muscarinic antagonist, or by bilateral microinjection of G36 into the nucleus ambiguus. Our results indicate that GPER-mediated bradycardia occurs via activation of cardiac parasympathetic neurons of the nucleus ambiguus and support the involvement of the GPER in the modulation of cardiac vagal tone.
Assessing the relative influence of hospital and surgeon volume on short‐term mortality after radical cystectomy (2017)

In hospitals reporting to the NCDB, volume was associated with improved mortality after RC. These associations appear to be driven by hospital- rather than surgeon-level effects. An elevated SV had a beneficial effect on mortality at the highest-volume hospitals. These findings inform efforts to regionalize complex surgical care and improve quality at community and safety net hospitals.
Promotion Mechanisms of Au Supported on TiO2 in Thermal- and Photocatalytic Glycerol Conversion (2019)

Catalytic glycerol conversion by means of either photon or thermal energy is of great importance and can be realized by metal supported on TiO2 systems. Although various procedures have been employed to synthesize efficient metal/TiO2 catalysts, the promotional mechanisms for both reactions are still unclear due to the lack of well-defined systems. Here, we have deposited gold nanoparticles on a series of highly crystalline anatase TiO2 substrates with different crystallite sizes (7, 12, 16, 28 nm) by both direct precipitation and sol-immobilization methods to examine the effect of metal deposition methods and TiO2 sizes on both photo- and thermal catalytic glycerol reforming. For photocatalytic H2 evolution from glycerol, optimum performance was observed for the Au supported on 12 nm TiO2 for both deposition methods. For thermal catalytic glycerol oxidation, all catalysts show a similar selectivity to glycerate (>70%) regardless of the TiO2 size and metal deposition method; however, the metal deposition method significantly influences the catalytic activity. In situ UV–vis spectrometry reveals that the optimized photocatalytic performance originates from enhanced charge transfer kinetics and a more negative Fermi level for proton reduction, whereas electrochemical analysis reveals that the promoted glycerol oxidation is caused by the enhanced oxygen reduction half-reaction.
Translation in vitro of rat liver messenger RNA coding for ligandin (glutathione S-transferase B). (1977)

Poly(A)-containing rat liver mRNA isolated from animals injected with phenobarbital and uninjected controls was translated efficiently in a wheat-germ system. The synthesis of ligandin (glutathione S-transferase B; glutathione transferase; RX-gluathione R-transferase, EC 2.5.1.18) was detected by immunoprecipitation with a highly purified monospecific ligandin antibody and analysis by sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The extent of incorporation of [35S]methionine into ligandin in the translation system was similar for poly(A)-containing messages from un-infected animals and those treated with phenobarbital.
IMPROVING EARTH-FAULT DETECTION PERFORMANCE AND SUPPLY SECURITY OF CABLED RURAL MV-NETWORKS WITH FAULT ISOLATION (2021)

Fault isolation of overhead line (OHL) sections from cabled main feeders is suggested to improve supply quality, electrical safety and earth-fault protection performance in rural cabled MV-networks. In this solution 1:1-ratio MV/MV-isolation transformers (ITRs) are employed for fault isolation which separates the zero-sequence networks of the OHL-sections and the cabled main feeders from each other. Therefore, earth faults occurring in OHLs on the load side of the ITR do not disturb the cable network on the supply side of it (and vice versa). This improves the overall security of supply for the whole network. Electrical safety and fault detection performance is also greatly improved during earth faults in the OHL-sections behind the ITR thanks to highly reduced fault current magnitude. In this paper, first the concept of fault isolation using ITRs is introduced, and the theory described. The effect of ITR is studied both during earth faults and short circuits, including faults in the LV-distribution network. For this, simple hand calculation equations are derived. Techniques for fault detection in fault isolated networks are suggested and their performance demonstrated. The applied network data is obtained from practical networks of DSO Elenia Verkko Oyj in Finland enabling actual piloting and field testing of the proposed concept in later stage. In conclusion, the use of ITRs provides a viable alternative for cabling, when handling the remaining OHL-sections in modern large-scale cabled rural networks. Thanks to the electrical properties of this solution, electrical safety, earth-fault detection performance and supply security are greatly improved. Electrical parameters of the ITR must ensure dependable protection operation in case of short-circuit faults occurring behind the ITR, considering also faults in the LV-side of distribution transformers. The ITR can be equipped with compensation coil or earthing resistor. The theoretical earth-fault detection performance increases with fault current compensation, but it complicates the practical implementation and adds strict requirements on the admittance symmetry of the OHL-network. Therefore, the recommended solution in rural cabled MV-networks is to use the ITR with unearthed neutral point enabling practical and economical multi-site implementation.
SHP‐2 regulates the phosphatidylinositide 3′‐kinase/Akt pathway and suppresses caspase 3‐mediated apoptosis (2003)

The Src homology domain 2 (SH2)-containing tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2 has been implicated in the regulation of the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway. The ability of SHP-2 to regulate the PI3K/Akt pathway is suggested to result in the positive effect of SHP-2 on cell survival. Whether SHP-2 regulates insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)-dependent activation of Akt at the level of PI3K has yet to be established. Furthermore, the identification of the down-stream apoptotic target engaged by SHP-2 in cell survival also has yet to be determined. Here, we show that overexpression of a catalytically inactive mutant of SHP-2 inhibited insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)-dependent PI3K and Akt activation. Consistent with the observation that SHP-2 participates in pro-survival signaling fibroblasts expressing a deletion within exon 3 of SHP-2, which results in a truncation of the amino-terminus SH2 domain (SHP-2(Ex3-/-)), were hypersensitive to etoposide-induced cell death. SHP-2(Ex3-/-) fibroblasts exhibited enhanced levels of etoposide-induced caspase 3 activity as compared to wild-type fibroblasts and the enhanced level of caspase 3 activity was suppressed by a caspase 3-specific inhibitor. Re-introduction of wild-type SHP-2 into the SHP-2(Ex3-/-) fibroblasts rescued the hypersensitivity to etoposide-induced caspase 3 activation. The effects of abrogating SHP-2 function on cell survival were not specific to the loss of the amino-terminus SH2 domain of SHP-2 since RNAi-mediated knock-down of SHP-2 also reduced cell survival. Taken together, these data indicate that the catalytic activity of SHP-2 is required to regulate the PI3K/Akt pathway and thus likely participates in anti-apoptotic signaling by suppressing caspase 3-mediated apoptosis.
Designing Hospitals Through the Lens of Universal Design. An Evaluation Tool to Enhance Inclusive Healthcare Facilities (2022)

Various studies highlight a gap on reliable methods to measure the quality of projects and environments in terms of Universal Design (UD) and Design for All (DfA). In particular, healthcare facilities need decision support systems to improve the well-being of as many users as possible through a systematic approach. The present research proposes an evaluation tool to support designers and decision makers in the adoption of UD to develop healthcare facilities suitable for a wide range of users. Several methodologies have been adopted: an in-depth literature review on the current state of knowledge on UD evaluation, workshops and focus groups with both users and experts, and the analysis of four hospital case studies. The result was an evaluation framework built by using a Multi-criteria Analysis (MCA) methodology. The first version of the tool was applied to an American hospital and validated d in an Italian pilot case study. The research outlines a tool called Design for All A.U.D.I.T., able to evaluate Physical, Sensory-cognitive, and Social qualities based on a hierarchical framework with criteria and indicators based on UD and DfA. The framework evaluates the different areas of the hospital from outdoor to indoor spaces, allowing hospital administrators to act to improve the well-being of users according to the critical aspects of UD identified by the tool. The analysis provides a report of the facility status and design strategies to support designers for new projects or buildings renovations. The application shows that DfA A.U.D.I.T. can assess hospitals by examining both spatial qualities and DfA criteria. The tool could represent a decision support system in the national and international context, where many hospitals are not newly built. Further research will include application in different facilities and building typologies, aided by the flexible structure of the tool, which allows measurement of the environment's quality in terms of DfA and UD.
Four‐year water degradation of a resin‐modified glass‐ionomer adhesive bonded to dentin (2004)

Glass-ionomers are auto-adhesive to tooth tissue through combined micro-mechanical and chemical bonding. How much each of the two bonding components contributes to the actual bonding effectiveness is, however, not known and there is not much information available on long-term stability. The objective of this study was to assess the bonding effectiveness of a resin-modified glass-ionomer adhesive to dentin after 4 yr of water storage. Fuji Bond LC (GC) was applied without (i) and with pretreatment using (ii) a polyalkenoic acid conditioner and (iii) a 37.5% phosphoric acid etchant. The etchant was used to exclude any chemical interaction with hydroxyapatite. The micro-tensile bond strength ( microTBS) to dentin decreased significantly over the 4 yr period in all three experimental groups. After 24 h and 4 yr, the lowest micro TBS was recorded when dentin was not pretreated. The highest micro TBS was obtained following polyalkenoic acid pretreatment, although this was not significantly different from specimens that were pretreated using phosphoric acid. Pretreating dentin with phosphoric acid intensified micromechanical interlocking at the expense of chemical bonding potential to hydroxyapatite. Nevertheless, correlating the micro TBS data with failure analysis through scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy indicated that combined micro-mechanical and chemical bonding involving pretreatment with the polyalkenoic acid conditioner yielded the most durable bond.
HAP1‐huntingtin interactions do not contribute to the molecular pathology in Huntington's disease transgenic mice (1998)

HAP1 (huntingtin associated protein) has previously been found to interact with huntingtin (htt) in a glutamine length dependent manner and has been proposed to play a role in the cell specific neurodegeneration observed in Huntington's disease (HD). We have isolated mouse HAP1 (hap1) and have shown that expression is not enriched in areas specifically affected in HD. We have used the yeast two hybrid system to demonstrate that htt amino acids 171-230 are necessary for the hap1-htt binding and that hapl does not interact with the transgene exon 1 protein in a transgenic model of HD.
Data-Aware Partial ECC with Data Modulation of ReRAM with Non-volatile In-memory Computing for Image Recognition with Deep Neural Network (2018)

This paper proposes data-aware ECC of resistive random access memory (ReRAM) in the non-volatile in-memory computing for image recognition. Proposed Data-Aw are Partial ECC with Data Modulation (DAP-ECC w/ DM) is implemented in the memory controller without controller circuit area overhead. Because ReRAM has smaller capacity than NAND flash, proposed ECC efficiently reduces overhead of error-correcting code (ECC) parity for ReRAM. Proposed DAP-ECC considers the importance of the feature vector data of image recognition, decreases the data overhead, and ECC decode latency by each 75% compared with conventional ECC. Moreover, proposed data-aware ECC using DAP-ECC w/ DM, which fully utilizes the asymmetrical bit error rate (BER) characteristics of ReRAM, improves the acceptable BER by 1.91-times. Finally, the endurance of ReRAM for the image recognition is improved by 10-times.
Scattering Studies with Low-Energy Kaon-Proton Femtoscopy in Proton-Proton Collisions at the LHC (2020)

The study of the strength and behavior of the antikaon-nucleon (K[over ¯]N) interaction constitutes one of the key focuses of the strangeness sector in low-energy quantum chromodynamics (QCD). In this Letter a unique high-precision measurement of the strong interaction between kaons and protons, close and above the kinematic threshold, is presented. The femtoscopic measurements of the correlation function at low pair-frame relative momentum of (K^{+}p⊕K^{-}p[over ¯]) and (K^{-}p⊕K^{+}p[over ¯]) pairs measured in pp collisions at sqrt[s]=5, 7, and 13 TeV are reported. A structure observed around a relative momentum of 58 MeV/c in the measured correlation function of (K^{-}p⊕K^{+}p[over ¯]) with a significance of 4.4σ constitutes the first experimental evidence for the opening of the (K[over ¯]^{0}n⊕K^{0}n[over ¯]) isospin breaking channel due to the mass difference between charged and neutral kaons. The measured correlation functions have been compared to Jülich and Kyoto models in addition to the Coulomb potential. The high-precision data at low relative momenta presented in this work prove femtoscopy to be a powerful complementary tool to scattering experiments and provide new constraints above the K[over ¯]N threshold for low-energy QCD chiral models.
Study of high subsonic vaned diffusers for centrifugal compressors. (1991)

A series of experiments was carried out on four compressors to study the chacteristics of high subsonic vaned diffusers. The pressure ratio of these compressors are 1.9, 3 and 4. The performance difference between air-foil vane and wedge vane diffusers with the same throat area was examined by the data from a compressor of pressure ratio 3. The critical Mach number for the choke limit, and the inlet semiopened-space area ratio at the stall limit were investigated by the data of pressure ratio 1.9, 3 and 4 compressors.
Comparison of highly pure rAAV9 vector stocks produced in suspension by PEI transfection or HSV infection reveals striking quantitative and qualitative differences (2021)

Recent clinical successes have propelled recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors (rAAV) to the center stage for human gene therapy applications. However, the exploding demand for high titers of highly pure rAAV vectors for clinical applications and market needs remains hindered by challenges met at the manufacturing stage. The production of rAAV by transfection in suspension cells remains one of the most commonly used production platforms. In this study, we describe our optimized protocol to produce rAAV by polyethyleneimine (PEI)-mediated transfection in suspension HEK293 cells, along with a side-by-side comparison to our high-performing system using the herpes simplex virus (HSV). Further, we detail a new, robust, and highly efficient downstream purification protocol compatible with both transfection and infection-based harvests that generated rAAV9 stocks of high purity. Our in-depth comparison revealed quantitative, qualitative, and biological differences between PEI-mediated transfection and HSV infection. The HSV production system yielded to higher rAAV vector titers, higher specific yields, and a higher percentage of full capsids than transfection. Furthermore, HSV-produced stocks had a significantly lower concentration of residual host cell proteins and helper DNA impurities, but contained detectable levels of HSV DNA. Importantly, the potency of PEI-produced and HSV-produced rAAV stocks were identical. Analyses of AAV Rep and Cap expression levels and replication showed that HSV-mediated production led to a lower expression of Rep and Cap, but increased levels of AAV genome replication. Our methodology enables high-yield, high purity rAAV production and a biological framework to improve transfection quality and yields by mimicking HSV-induced biological outcomes.