gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Helseeffekt av influensavaksine til eldre og kronisk syke. (2009)

1-PAGE KEY MESSAGES: This review presents the available documentation of the health effects of influenza vaccination to the elderly and people suffering from chronic illness. We searched for systematic reviews of the effects of influenza vaccine to the elderly and chronic ill. We updated the systematic reviews that we included, and we searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of the effect of influenza vaccine to people with chronic illness. We included the following outcomes; all cause mortality, complications due to influenza (pneumonia), hospital admissions, influenza (laboratory confirmed), influenza like illness and adverse events. We included five systematic reviews that assessed the effect of influenza vaccination to the elderly, to people with chronic obstructive lung disease, asthma, bronchiectasis, and cystic fibrosis. We included one RCT and 12 observational studies for update of the effect of influenza vaccination on elderly. We additionally included four RCTs where the effect had been measured in people with cirrhosis of the liver, multiple sclerosis, HIV- infection, and cardio vascular disease. The evidence for influenza vaccine to elderly included more than 2,5 million people who had been included in six RCTs and 60 observational studies. Results indicate that influenza vaccine possibly reduce the risk of influenza and influenza like illness for community dwelling elderly. Influenza vaccine does possibly not influence the risk of all cause mortality or pneumonia for community dwelling elderly. Influenza vaccine possibly reduce the risk of influenza like illness for elderly living in institution, people with chronic hearth disease and people with HIV-infection. The quality of the evidence is low and very low, and results are uncertain. For the other outcomes and the other chronic diseases, evidence were either lacking or of very low quality. The evidence regarding effect of influenza vaccine to elderly and people with chronic illness is sparse.
Abstract 2062: Evaluating the effect of tumor necrosis on glycolytic flux and cell survival in glioblastoma (2019)

Abstract Glioblastoma continues to rank as one of the most lethal primary human tumors. The degree of necrosis in glioblastoma remains one of the most powerful predictors of poor prognosis, but the relationship between necrosis and poor prognosis is not known. It is unclear whether endogenous tumor necrosis is merely an indicator of an aggressive phenotype or whether tumor necrosis itself propagates the aggressive phenotype. Determining the role of necrosis in mediating the malignant potential of glioblastoma therefore represents an important aspect of therapy. We describe a model of patient-derived glioblastoma spheroids expressing a genetically encoded fluorescent NADH/NAD+ biosensor. This biosensor reports glycolytic flux and can be imaged with fluorescent microscopy. We imaged spheroids using multiphoton microscopy and differentiated cells by high versus low NADH/NAD+ levels. FACS analysis of dissociated spheroids followed by RT-PCR analysis demonstrated increased expression of genes known to be upregulated in peri-necrotic regions, including procollagen-lysine,2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2), activating transcription factor 5 (ATF5), and protein O-fucosyltransferase 2 (POFUT2). These cells also had increased expression of hypoxia-responsive genes, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and jumonji domain-containing protein 6 (JMJD6). We created an intracranial glioblastoma patient-derived xenograft model, with cells expressing this NADH/NAD+ biosensor. When imaging these tumors in vivo, we were able to demonstrate that cells with high NADH/NAD+ levels are more likely to survive within the peri-necrotic environment. These findings indicate that increased glycolytic flux facilitates survival from expanding regions of necrosis. Future experiments will focus on biopsy of cellular populations with high versus low NADH/NAD+ levels within the peri-necrotic niche. We will then perform RNAseq and metabolomics analysis to determine the genetic and metabolic adaptations that facilitate survival within this microenvironment. This model to study cell survival within the peri-necrotic region will improve awareness of necrosis-mediated growth proliferation and may lead to treatments targeted to tumor necrosis that could improve patient prognosis. Citation Format: Evan Noch, Isaiah Yim, Lewis Cantley. Evaluating the effect of tumor necrosis on glycolytic flux and cell survival in glioblastoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2062.
An updated structural classification of replicative DNA polymerases (2019)

Replicative DNA polymerases are nano-machines essential to life, which have evolved the ability to copy the genome with high fidelity and high processivity. In contrast with cellular transcriptases and ribosome machines, which evolved by accretion of complexity from a conserved catalytic core, no replicative DNA polymerase is universally conserved. Strikingly, four different families of DNA polymerases have evolved to perform DNA replication in the three domains of life. In Bacteria, the genome is replicated by DNA polymerases belonging to the A- and C-families. In Eukarya, genomic DNA is copied mainly by three distinct replicative DNA polymerases, Polα, Polδ, and Polε, which all belong to the B-family. Matters are more complicated in Archaea, which contain an unusual D-family DNA polymerase (PolD) in addition to PolB, a B-family replicative DNA polymerase that is homologous to the eukaryotic ones. PolD is a heterodimeric DNA polymerase present in all Archaea discovered so far, except Crenarchaea. While PolD is an essential replicative DNA polymerase, it is often underrepresented in the literature when the diversity of DNA polymerases is discussed. Recent structural studies have shown that the structures of both polymerase and proofreading active sites of PolD differ from other structurally characterized DNA polymerases, thereby extending the repertoire of folds known to perform DNA replication. This review aims to provide an updated structural classification of all replicative DNAPs and discuss their evolutionary relationships, both regarding the DNA polymerase and proofreading active sites.
Highly Active Oligomeric (salen)Co Catalysts for Asymmetric Epoxide Ring-Opening Reactions (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTHighly Active Oligomeric (salen)Co Catalysts for Asymmetric Epoxide Ring-Opening ReactionsJoseph M. Ready and Eric N. JacobsenView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 11, 2687–2688Publication Date (Web):February 23, 2001Publication History Received9 December 2000Published online23 February 2001Published inissue 1 March 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja005867bhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja005867brapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views8128Altmetric-Citations313LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Catalysts,Ethers,Reactivity,Ring opening reactions Get e-Alerts
Low-Resistance Titanium Contacts and Thermally Unstable Nickel Germanide Contacts on p-Type Germanium (2016)

Ti/p-Ge and NiGe/p-Ge contacts are compared on both planar- and fin-based devices. Ti/p-Ge contacts show low contact resistance, while NiGe/p-Ge devices show short circuit problems due to thermally driven Ni diffusion. Considering the thermal budget in the standard backend of line processing for CMOS, Ti is more suitable for p-Ge devices. A low Ti/p-Ge contact resistivity of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.1\times 10^{-8}~\Omega \cdot \textrm {cm}^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is achieved by using a multi-pulse laser annealing technique for B activation.
TRANS-AORTIC VALVULAR FLOW DYNAMICS AND LEFT VENTRICULAR EJECTION FRACTION FOR MONITORING RECOVERY OF PATIENTS WITH LEFT VENTRICULAR SYSTOLIC HEART FAILURE (2023)

A bstract Durable mechanical circulatory support in the form of left ventricular (LV) assist device (LVAD) therapy is increasingly considered in the context of the recovery of native cardiac function. Progressive improvement in LV function may facilitate LVAD explantation and a resultant reduction in device-related risk. However, ascertaining LV recovery remains a challenge. In this study, we investigated the use of trans-aortic valvular flow rate and trans-LVAD flow rate to assess native LV systolic function using a well-established lumped parameter model of the mechanically assisted LV with pre-existing systolic dysfunction. Trans Aortic Valvular Ejection Fraction (TAVEF) was specifically found to characterize the preload-independent contractility of the LV. It demonstrated excellent sensitivity to simulated pharmacodynamic stress tests and volume infusion tests. TAVEF may prove to be useful in the ascertainment of LV recovery in LVAD-supported LVs with pre-existing LV systolic dysfunction.
PAE Enhancement Methodology for SiGe Power Amplifier in UMTS/W-CDMA Systems (2006)

This paper demonstrates an integrated two-stage 1.95 GHz UMTS/W-CDMA handset RF reconfigurable power amplifier (PA) implemented in a 0.25μm SiGe BiCMOS technology from ST Microelectronics. By acting on bias circuits, a dynamic control of 1 dB compression point (CP1) and power gain of the structure is realized, according to input signal level. Thus, the power added efficiency (PAE) is improved at low level. At low level, the linear gain is 24 dB and the output CP1 is 26.2 dBm. In order to fulfil requirements, especially on linearity, the output power is 24 dBm in a linear class of operation, with a 32.4% PAE. For lower levels, PAE is improved. A chip has been developed to validate the proposed method
Memory Effect Pre-compensation for Wideband RF Power Amplifiers Using FIR-Based Weak Nonlinear Filters (2007)

This paper proposes an effective memory effect pre-compensation technique, which is based on a weak nonlinear finite impulse response (FIR) filter. This weak nonlinear FIR filter comprises two FIRs in parallel with different inputs. The performance evaluation of this pre-compensation technique is carried out on an L-band push-pull GaAs FET 45-dBm peak-envelope-power amplifier using 3GPP-FDD WCDMA signals. The validation results in spectrum domain demonstrate noticeable superiority of the proposed weak nonlinear FIR filter in suppressing the memory effects in comparison to a traditional FIR filter.
Supplementary Figure from ImmunoPET of Ovarian and Pancreatic Cancer with AR9.6, a Novel MUC16-Targeted Therapeutic Antibody (2023)

Supplementary Figure from ImmunoPET of Ovarian and Pancreatic Cancer with AR9.6, a Novel MUC16-Targeted Therapeutic Antibody
Building Heterogeneous Unified Virtual Memories (UVMs) without the Overhead (2016)

This work proposes a novel scheme to facilitate heterogeneous systems with unified virtual memory. Research proposals implement coherence protocols for sequential consistency (SC) between central processing unit (CPU) cores and between devices. Such mechanisms introduce severe bottlenecks in the system; therefore, we adopt the heterogeneous-race-free (HRF) memory model. The use of HRF simplifies the coherency protocol and the graphics processing unit (GPU) memory management unit (MMU). Our protocol optimizes CPU and GPU demands separately, with the GPU part being simpler while the CPU is more elaborate and latency aware. We achieve an average 45% speedup and 45% energy-delay product reduction (20% energy) over the corresponding SC implementation.
Benchmarking evolutionary tinkering underlying human–viral molecular mimicry shows multiple host pulmonary–arterial peptides mimicked by SARS-CoV-2 (2020)

The hand of molecular mimicry in shaping SARS-CoV-2 evolution and immune evasion remains to be deciphered. Here, we report 33 distinct 8-mer/9-mer peptides that are identical between SARS-CoV-2 and the human reference proteome. We benchmark this observation against other viral-human 8-mer/9-mer peptide identity, which suggests generally similar extents of molecular mimicry for SARS-CoV-2 and many other human viruses. Interestingly, 20 novel human peptides mimicked by SARS-CoV-2 have not been observed in any previous coronavirus strains (HCoV, SARS-CoV, and MERS). Furthermore, four of the human 8-mer/9-mer peptides mimicked by SARS-CoV-2 map onto HLA-B*40:01, HLA-B*40:02, and HLA-B*35:01 binding peptides from human PAM, ANXA7, PGD, and ALOX5AP proteins. This mimicry of multiple human proteins by SARS-CoV-2 is made salient by single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) analysis that shows the targeted genes significantly expressed in human lungs and arteries; tissues implicated in COVID-19 pathogenesis. Finally, HLA-A*03 restricted 8-mer peptides are found to be shared broadly by human and coronaviridae helicases in functional hotspots, with potential implications for nucleic acid unwinding upon initial infection. This study presents the first scan of human peptide mimicry by SARS-CoV-2, and via its benchmarking against human-viral mimicry more broadly, presents a computational framework for follow-up studies to assay how evolutionary tinkering may relate to zoonosis and herd immunity.
Spatiotemporally organized immunomodulatory response to SARS-CoV-2 virus in primary human broncho-alveolar epithelia (2023)

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to be a health crisis with major unmet medical needs. The early responses from airway epithelial cells, the first target of the virus regulating the progression toward severe disease, are not fully understood. Primary human air-liquid interface cultures representing the broncho-alveolar epithelia were used to study the kinetics and dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 variants infection. The infection measured by nucleoprotein expression, was a late event appearing between day 4-6 post infection for Wuhan-like virus. Other variants demonstrated increasingly accelerated timelines of infection. All variants triggered similar transcriptional signatures, an "early" inflammatory/immune signature preceding a "late" type I/III IFN, but differences in the quality and kinetics were found, consistent with the timing of nucleoprotein expression. Response to virus was spatially organized: CSF3 expression in basal cells and CCL20 in apical cells. Thus, SARS-CoV-2 virus triggers specific responses modulated over time to engage different arms of immune response.
Expression of Active Murine Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor in an Escherichia coli Cell-Free System (2004)

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is an important cytokine in the mammalian immune system. It has been expressed in Escherichia coli with the same biological activity as the native protein. Here, we report the synthesis of a murine recombinant GM-CSF in an E. coli cell-free protein synthesis system with a high yield. Since there are two disulfide bonds in the native structure of GM-CSF, an oxidizing redox potential of the reaction mixture was required. By pretreating the cell extract with iodoacetamide (IAM), the reducing activity of the cell extract was inactivated, and upon further application of an oxidized glutathione buffer, most of the synthesized GM-CSF was found in its oxidized form. However, the GM-CSF thus formed showed low activity because of poor folding. With the addition of DsbC, the periplasmic disulfide isomerase from E. coli, a high yield of active GM-CSF was produced in the cell-free reaction. Finally, successful folding of the cell-free synthesized GM-CSF-his6 was confirmed by its cell-proliferation activity after purification with a Ni2+ chelating column.
Rab GTPases and the unusual secretory pathway of plasmodium (1997)

A detailed analysis of some of the unusual features of secretory protein trafficking in Plasmodium has been hindered by the paucity of markers available for identifying the different compartments of the parasite's secretory apparatus. Gary Ward, Lew Tilney and Gordon Langsley here outline what is currently known about the secretory pathways of Plasmodium falciparum, and discuss how the recent description of a family of parasite rab genes is being used to generate a set of compartment-specific markers. They illustrate this point by describing studies with PfRab6, an established Golgi marker in other eukaryotic cells, which argue in favor of a functional Golgi in Plasmodium spp.
Spectral Overlay of Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum in the Instrument Landing System Glideslope Band (2004)

In this paper, we examine the effects of intentional spectral overlay between a directsequence spread spectrum (DS-SS) code-division multiple-access (CDMA) system and the glide slope signal of the Instrument Landing System (ILS) currently employed by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The purpose of the overlay system is to enable increased spectral efficiency (higher data throughput), for future potential aeronautical datalink communications, e.g., an “airborne internet.” That is, this overlay would enable simultaneous use of the ILS glideslope band by the current glide slope systems and a new DS-SS CDMA digital communication system. We estimate the performance degradation incurred by both systems for several values of transmit powers, DS-SS bandwidths and data rates, and typical ILS glideslope and CDMA system parameters. Our study uses both analysis and computer simulations. We provide examples that explore both ILS glideslope and CDMA system parameter values appropriate for the successful application of the overlay technique.
Ultrathin Sticker‐Type ZnO Thin Film Transistors Formed by Transfer Printing via Topological Confinement of Water‐Soluble Sacrificial Polymer in Dimple Structure (2012)

Abstract To create ultrathin sticker‐type electronic devices that can be attached to unconventional substrates, it is highly desirable to develop printable membrane‐type electronics on a handling substrate and then transfer the printing to a target surface. A facile method is presented for high‐efficiency transfer printing by controlling the interfacial adhesion between a handling substrate and an ultrathin substrate in a systematic manner under mild conditions. A water‐soluble sacrificial polymer layer is employed on a dimpled handling substrate, which enables the topological confinement of the polymer residue inside and near the dimples during the etching and drying processes to reduce the interfacial adhesion gently, creating a high yield of transfer printing in a deterministic manner. As an example of an electronic device that was created using this method, a highly flexible sticker‐type ZnO thin film transistor was successfully developed with a thickness of 13 μm including a printable ultrathin substrate, which can be attached to various substrates, such as paper, plastic, and stickers.
Management of isolated local failures following stereotactic body radiation therapy for low to intermediate risk prostate cancer. (2019)

66 Background: SBRT is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with low to intermediate risk prostate cancer (PCa). SBRT delivers high biologically effective doses resulting in very low PSA nadirs. Strategies to diagnose and confirm salvageable isolated local failures (ILF) are needed. This study aims to examine the incidence and approach to management of ILF after SBRT in a large single institution cohort. Methods: All patients with low or intermediate risk PCa treated with SBRT at our institution were eligible for this study. Treatment was delivered using the robotic SBRT with doses of 35-36.25 Gy in five fractions. ILF were diagnosed using mpMRI and/or biopsy prompted by PSA rise after achieving long-term nadir. Choice of salvage therapy and post-salvage PSA were ascertained on follow up. Results: Between December, 2008 to August, 2018, 998 men with low to intermediate risk prostate cancer were eligible for analysis. Twenty patients (low risk, n = 4; intermediate risk, n = 16) were found to have ILF on either MRI (n = 15) and/or biopsy (n = 17). Three patients with MRI-identified ILF elected active surveillance in lieu of biopsy. Median pre-treatment PSA was 7.5 ng/ml. Median time to diagnosis of ILF was 72 months (37-96 months) with median PSA at the time of ILF of 2.3 ng/ml (1.1-10 ng/ml). Median PSA doubling time was 17 months (5-22 months). Thirteen patients with biopsy proven ILF proceeded with salvage therapy (cryotherapy n = 12, HIFU n = 1). Of 12 patients who underwent cryotherapy, 8 had a post-treatment PSA of &lt; 0.1ng/ml, two patient’s results were unavailable, one patient had a PSA nadir of 0.7 ng/ml and one patient had yet to undergo post-salvage PSA test at the time of this report. Conclusions: The incidence of ILF is rare in our series. Diagnosis and management of ILF post-SBRT continues to evolve in the era of successful salvage therapy. Our report suggests an important role for early utilization of MRI and confirmatory biopsy at relatively low PSA levels and long PSA doubling time. Additionally, undetectable PSA post-salvage therapy supports early treatment after identifying ILF. Larger trials are needed for refinement of patient selection and most appropriate salvage modality.