gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Passive mm-wave imaging (1988)

Passive millimetre wave night-time imaging systems suffer little attenuation in cloud and light drizzle. There has been considerable advances in semiconductor solid state devices. In particular there are wide bandwidth low noise amplifiers and mixers as well as low cost compact sources such as Impatt and Gunn diodes. These advances have also produced high speed digital computers with large memories making possible sophisticated signal processing and complex theoretical modelling and analysis. The author examines the impact of these developments on passive millimetre wave imaging and shows how the picture quality can be improved and imaging take place in real time. >
A Low-Threshold, High-Efficiency Microfluidic Waveguide Laser (2005)

This communication describes a long (1 cm), laser-pumped, liquid core-liquid cladding (L2) waveguide laser. This device provides a simple, high intensity, tunable light source for microfludic applications. Using a core solution of 2 mM rhodamine 640 perchlorate, optically pumped by a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser, we found that the threshold for lasing was as low as 22 muJ (16-ns pulse length) and had a slope efficiency up to 20%. The output wavelength was tunable over a 20-nm range by changing the ratio of solvent components (dimethyl sulfoxide and methanol) in the liquid core.
ANERGY TO SYNERGY-THE ENERGY FUELING THE RXCOVEA FRAMEWORK (2020)

We write to introduce our novel group formed to confront some of the issues raised by the COVID-19 pandemic. Information about the group, which we named "cure COVid for Ever and for All" (RxCOVEA), its dynamic membership (changing regularly), and some of its activities-described in more technical detail for expert perusal and commentary-are available upon request.
Supplementary Figures 1-12 from Intrinsic Immunogenicity of Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Revealed by Its Cellular Plasticity (2023)

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Abstract 3148: Mapping mobile DNAs in human cancer cell lines. (2013)

Abstract Genomic instability represented by genetic and epigenetic changes is a hallmark of oncogenesis and tumor progression. The study of genomic instability using conventional methods has necessarily been restricted to regions of unique DNA and excludes repetitive DNA sequences. Repeat elements derived from mobile DNAs comprise a large portion of the human genome and are known sources of genetic variation in humans. Active transposable elements (TE) have recently been shown to cause genetic heterogeneity in tumors through somatic insertions. The functional impact of inherited and somatically acquired TE in cancer development and progression remains unproven. To begin to understand the roles of these mobile DNA elements in transformed cells, we used a novel genomic method to map TEs in a panel of well-characterized human cancer cell lines. Using transposon insertion profiling (TIP)-chip we discover transposition competent families of L1 and Alu TEs. This technique recovered many known reference and polymorphic insertions, novel polymorphisms shared by unrelated tumor cell lines, as well as unique, potentially tumor-specific insertions. Insertions were discovered in several important oncogenes such as KRAS, ALK and BRAF. Most insertions discovered were intronic or intergenic, however 16 TEs were putative exonic. Analysis of the novel and polymorphic insertions revealed a relative enrichment of L1 and Alu insertions in cancer gene loci that are mutated in human cancers or implicated in tumor development in forward genetic screens (p=7.74e-10). We also report associations of individual insertion sites with cellular phenotypes, including DNA methylation status, RNA and protein expression, and drug sensitivities. Epigenetic, gene expression and gene pathway associations were evaluated to delineate local (cis) from pathway (trans) effects. We identified several examples of cis effects of TEs on gene structure as well as nearly 250 curated proliferation pathways affected by a TE insertion. These data suggest that TE insertions may function locally to alter genomic structure or act more globally in concert with other genetic mechanisms to promote the development and progression of several common tumor types. Citation Format: John G. Zampella, Wan Rho Yang, Nemanja Rodric, Cheng Ran Lisa Huang, Jane Welch, Veena P. Gnanakkan, Toby C. Cornish, Jef D. Boeke, Kathleen H. Burns. Mapping mobile DNAs in human cancer cell lines. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3148. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3148
External quality assessment (EQA) for CoaguChek monitors (2010)

Anticoagulant control facilities are being overwhelmed by requests for monitoring and large numbers of patients are not therefore receiving treatment. Procedures designed for point-of-care testing have therefore been developed, the most popular being the CoaguChek. The need for external quality assessment (EQA) of monitors used by patients in self-management has been stressed in a European Commission (EC) Directive. It would not however be feasible for all CoaguChek monitors to be enrolled in national or regional EQA schemes which take time to organise and analyse. The European Concerted Action on Anticoagulation (ECAA) has therefore evolved a simpler system. Its value has been assessed in collaboration with the European Concerted Action on Thrombosis (ECAT). 523 monitors were tested at nine clinics which asked patients to bring their CoaguChek instruments to be assessed with the ECAA/ECAT procedure based on a set of 5 plasma samples with certified international normalised ratios (INR). 15% or more deviation from the certified INR on a single certified plasma sample from the set was defined by the ECAA as the limit of acceptable performance. One hundred and six (20.3%) of the monitors tested showed significant deviation and higher than average incidence of significant INR deviations reported with one specific numbered lot of test strips. Recent ECAA/ECAT, Danish and Italian studies report regular EQA of CoaguChek monitors is essential. There is general agreement that this should be performed at reasonably frequent intervals, at six months or whenever there is a change of the manufacturer's test strips.
In vivo Near-infrared Raman Spectroscopy: Demonstration of Feasibility During Clinical Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ¶ (2000)

Raman spectroscopy (RS) has potential for disease classification within the gastrointestinal tract (GI). A near-infrared (NIR) fiber-optic RS system has been developed previously. This study reports the first in vivo Raman spectra of human gastrointestinal tissues measured during routine clinical endoscopy. This was achieved by using this system with a fiber-optic probe that was passed through the endoscope instrument channel and placed in contact with the tissue surface. Spectra could be obtained with good signal-to-noise ratio in 5 s. The effects on the spectra of varying the pressure of the probe tip on the tissue and of the probe-tissue angle were determined and shown to be insignificant. The limited set of spectra from normal and diseased tissues revealed only subtle differences. Therefore, powerful spectral-sorting algorithms, successfully implemented in prior ex vivo studies, are required to realize the full diagnostic potential of RS for tissue classification in the GI.
Real-Time Straight-Line Detection for XGA-Size Videos by Hough Transform with Parallelized Voting Procedures (2017)

The Hough Transform (HT) is a method for extracting straight lines from an edge image. The main limitations of the HT for usage in actual applications are computation time and storage requirements. This paper reports a hardware architecture for HT implementation on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) with parallelized voting procedure. The 2-dimensional accumulator array, namely the Hough space in parametric form (ρ, θ), for computing the strength of each line by a voting mechanism is mapped on a 1-dimensional array with regular increments of θ. Then, this Hough space is divided into a number of parallel parts. The computation of (ρ, θ) for the edge pixels and the voting procedure for straight-line determination are therefore executable in parallel. In addition, a synchronized initialization for the Hough space further increases the speed of straight-line detection, so that XGA video processing becomes possible. The designed prototype system has been synthesized on a DE4 platform with a Stratix-IV FPGA device. In the application of road-lane detection, the average processing speed of this HT implementation is 5.4ms per XGA-frame at 200 MHz working frequency.
Implementation of guaranteed services in the MANGO clockless network-on-chip (2006)

Shared, segmented, on-chip interconnection networks, known as networks-on-chip (NoC), may become the preferred way of interconnecting intellectual property (IP) cores in future giga-scale system-on-chip (SoC) designs. A NoC can provide the required communication bandwidth while accommodating the effects of scaling microchip technologies. Equally important, a NoC facilitates a truly modular and scalable design flow. The MANGO (message-passing asynchronous network-on-chip providing guaranteed services over open core protocol (OCP) interfaces) NoC is presented, and how its key characteristics (clockless implementation, standard socket access points, and guaranteed communication services) make MANGO suitable for a modular SoC design flow is explained. Among the advantages of using clockless circuit techniques are inherent global timing closure, low forward latency in pipelines, and zero dynamic idle power consumption. Time division multiplexing, generally used to provide bandwidth guarantees in clocked NoCs, however, is not possible in a clockless environment. MANGO provides an alternative, high-performance solution to providing hard, connection-oriented service guarantees, using clockless circuit techniques. In-depth circuit details are presented, and the 0.13 µm standard cell implementation of a 5×5 routing node, for use in a mesh type NoC, is described.
Energy Stress-Mediated Cytotoxicity in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2-Deficient Cells with Nelfinavir and Mefloquine Treatment (2018)

To find new anti-cancer drug therapies, we wanted to exploit homeostatic vulnerabilities within Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2 (TSC2)-deficient cells with mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) hyperactivity. We show that nelfinavir and mefloquine synergize to selectively evoke a cytotoxic response in TSC2-deficient cell lines with mTORC1 hyperactivity. We optimize the concentrations of nelfinavir and mefloquine to a clinically viable range that kill cells that lack TSC2, while wild-type cells tolerate treatment. This new clinically viable drug combination causes a significant level of cell death in TSC2-deficient tumor spheroids. Furthermore, no cell recovery was apparent after drug withdrawal, revealing potent cytotoxicity. Transcriptional profiling by RNA sequencing of drug treated TSC2-deficient cells compared to wild-type cells suggested the cytotoxic mechanism of action, involving initial ER stress and an imbalance in energy homeostatic pathways. Further characterization revealed that supplementation with methyl pyruvate alleviated energy stress and reduced the cytotoxic effect, implicating energy deprivation as the trigger of cell death. This work underpins a critical vulnerability with cancer cells with aberrant signaling through the TSC2-mTORC1 pathway that lack flexibility in homeostatic pathways, which could be exploited with combined nelfinavir and mefloquine treatment.
Encapsulation of Paclitaxel in Macromolecular Nanoshells (2007)

An electrostatic layer-by-layer self-assembly technique was used to encapsulate solid core paclitaxel nanoparticles within a polymeric nanometer-scale shell. This approach provides a new strategy for the development of polymeric vehicles that control drug release and target diseased tissues and cells specific to the ailment, such as breast cancer. Core paclitaxel nanoparticles, 153 +/- 28 nm in diameter, were prepared using a modified nanoprecipitation technique. A nanoshell composed of multilayered polyelectrolytes, poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and poly(styrene-4-sulfonate) was assembled stepwise onto core charged drug nanoparticles. In vitro studies were performed to determine the anticancer activity of paclitaxel core-shell nanoparticles. Paclitaxel core-shell nanoparticles induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase after 24 and 48 h of incubation with a human breast carcinoma cell line, MCF-7. Changes in MCF-7 cell morphology, fragmentation of the nucleus, and loss of cell-cell contacts indicated that the cells responded to paclitaxel core nanoparticles upon treatment for 24 and 48 h. Cells arrested in G2/M phase illustrated abnormal microtubule and actin cytoskeleton morphology. The core-shell drug nanoparticles fabricated using this procedure provide a new approach in the delivery of paclitaxel devoid of Cremophor EL, a solvent that causes adverse side effects in patients undergoing chemotherapy for treatment of metastasized mammary cancers.
High Frequency 30 kV Pulsed-DC Generator with User Adjustable Pulse Width (2017)

Investigation of atmospheric and vacuum plasma discharges requires flexible pulse generators that can operate over a wide range of parameters. Eagle Harbor Technologies, Inc. has developed a new pulse generator to drive dielectric barrier discharges as well as other plasma loads. Using a series resonant circuit coupled with a customized transformer, this high voltage pulse generator can produce output square pulses up to 30 kV with pulse widths from $2{{-}} 100 \mu \mathrm {s}$ and a pulse repetition frequency up to 1 kHz. Into capacitive loads, the pulses have $2.5 \mu \mathrm {s}$ rise/fall time. Here we will present the pulser design, output waveforms, and plasma loads.
Gene expression signature of atypical breast hyperplasia and regulation by SFRP1 (2019)

The alterations in gene expression were observed in both ductal and lobular AH suggesting shared underlying mechanisms predisposing to AH. Loss of SFRP1 expression is a significant regulator of AH transcriptional profiles driving previously unidentified changes affecting responses to estrogen and possibly other pathways. The gene signature and pathways provide insights into alterations contributing to AH breast lesions.
Zenker Diverticulum Treatment (2022)

SCOPUS: le.j
Opportunistic Arraying (2020)

This paper discusses recent activities at JPL that are focused on extending the Opportunistic Multiple Spacecraft Per Antenna (OMSPA) concept to include arraying multiple antennas. Specifically, we explore the ability to process multiple open loop recordings associated with multiple antennas and perform the appropriate alignment and combining. We focus on using the symbol stream combining technique and provide examples of performance measurements on actual spacecraft signals for MarCO A and B as well as the Mars Express.
Synthesis of 8-membered ring lactones from dioxolenones (1990)

N. A. Petasis and M. A. Patane, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1990, 836 DOI: 10.1039/C39900000836
Passive acoustic mapping of stable and inertial cavitation during ultrasound therapy (2014)

Accurate spatio-temporal characterization, quantification, and control of the type and extent of cavitation activity is crucial for a wide range of therapeutic ultrasound applications, ranging from ablation to sonothrombolysis, opening of the blood-brain barrier and drug delivery for cancer. Passive Acoustic Mapping (PAM) is a technique that utilizes arrays of acoustic detectors, typically coaxially aligned or coincident with the therapeutic elements, to receive acoustic emissions outside the main frequency band of the therapy pulse. The signals received by each detector are then filtered in the frequency domain into harmonics and ultra/subharmonics of the fundamental therapeutic frequency and other broadband components, and subsequently beamformed using a multi-correlation algorithm, which uses measures of similarity between the signals rather than time-of-flight information in order to map sources of non-linear emissions in real time. 2D and 3D cavitation maps obtained using time exposure acoustics beamforming will be presented, and juxtaposed to the greater spatial resolution but increased computational complexity afforded by more advanced algorithms such as the Robust Capon Beamformer (RCB). The spatial correlation between cavitation maps produced using PAM and the associated therapeutic effect will also be discussed in the context of cavitaion-enhanced ablation and drug delivery.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Isolation and characterization of senescent Cryptococcus neoformans and implications for phenotypic switching and pathogenesis in chronic cryptococcosis. (2009)

Read the full review for this Faculty Opinions recommended article: Isolation and characterization of senescent Cryptococcus neoformans and implications for phenotypic switching and pathogenesis in chronic cryptococcosis.
Biological pattern formation with cellular neural networks (2002)

The ability of the conventional, simple cellular neural network (CNN) model to form spatial and spatio-temporal patterns has recently been highlighted. This paper continues this investigation, by studying new properties of pattern formation, and their application to modeling of biological pattern forming systems.
Silicon-based smart spatial light modulators: technology and applications to parallel computers (1990)

Silicon-based Smart Spatial Light Modulators (S-SLMs) are reviewed for their potential role in parallel computing. S-SLMs optimally combine the local computation capabilities of electronics with the global interconnection capabilities of optics. They are a critical component well suited for the realization of fine-grain massively parallel computers. A. theoretical framework describing their expected performance in terms of scalability, reli- ability, throughput and packaging issues is presented and several enabling technologies under development are discussed.
Analysis of clinical and environment Yersinia isolates in the Republic of Georgia (1996)

The Center for Infectious Diseases Control, Georgian Ministry of Health, isolated 2,493 Yersinia enterocolitica and Y. enterocolitica-like strains, 22 Y. pestis strains, and 21 Y. pseudotuberculosis strains from 130,574 clinical and environmental samples. Analysis of 100 Y. enterocolitica and Y. enterocolitica-like strains showed none to be within traditional pathogenic biogroups or serogroups, and none carried genetic markers for virulence. However, some strains were enterotoxigenic in infant mice, while others were associated with prolonged carriage in adult mice.
Finding Correlations in Functionally Equivalent Proteins by Integrating Automated and Visual Data Exploration. (2006)

The analysis of alignments of functionally equivalent proteins can reveal regularities such as correlated positions or residue patterns which are important to ensure a specific fold and various cellular functions. Many approaches are found in the literature which try to identify correlated positions to predict the residues that are close to each other in the three-dimensional folded structure. However, the quality of the predictions remains disappointing. One of the problems is that the statistical correlation measures that were used cannot do justice to the underlying complex biological and physicochemical realities. In this paper we evaluate the biological requirements for a correlation measure and explain why a completely automatic approach is unlikely to succeed. We then propose a novel and flexible criteria for correlation of residue positions in protein sequences, which can be optimized for different requirements. To apply this definition we developed the tool VisAlign that combines an automatic calculation of correlations with an interactive visualization. This allows the user to visually explore alternative alignments and thereby conveniently test various hypothesis and to detect regularities in the aligned sequences. 1.
A Compact Ku-Band SiGe Power Amplifier MMIC With On-Chip Active Biasing (2010)

A Ku-band power amplifier monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) with an output power density of 726 mW/mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> is demonstrated using 0.25 ¿m SiGe BiCMOS technology. No inductor matching scheme is applied to minimize the MMIC size, but an active biasing topology is used to enhance the power-added efficiency (PAE) and linearity of the MMIC. The fabricated one-stage cascode power amplifier MMIC, including input/output matching and biasing circuits, has a compact size of 0.384 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> (0.6 mm × 0.64 mm), and exhibits a saturated output power (Psat) of 24.45 dBm and a PAE of 29.1 % at 14 GHz.
Reliable on-chip systems in the nano-era (2013)

Reliability concerns due to technology scaling have been a major focus of researchers and designers for several technology nodes. Therefore, many new techniques for enhancing and optimizing reliability have emerged particularly within the last five to ten years. This perspective paper introduces the most prominent reliability concerns from today's points of view and roughly recapitulates the progress in the community so far. The focus of this paper is on perspective trends from the industrial as well as academic points of view that suggest a way for coping with reliability challenges in upcoming technology nodes.
Hydroxyl Fasudil, an Inhibitor of Rho Signaling, Improves Erectile Function in Diabetic Rats: A Role for Neuronal ROCK (2014)

Improved erectile function and restored P-AKT and P-PTEN in the MPG with hydroxyl fasudil treatment suggest the role of Rho signaling via PTEN/AKT pathway in neurogenic diabetic ED.
Soliton breathing induced by stimulated Raman scattering and self-steepening in octave-spanning Kerr frequency comb generation (2015)

We investigate the impact of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and self-steepening (SS) on breather soliton dynamics in octave-spanning Kerr frequency comb generation. SRS and SS can transform chaotic fluctuations in cavity solitons into periodic breathing. Furthermore, with SRS and SS considered, bandwidth of the soliton breathes more than two times stronger. The simultaneous presence of SRS and SS also make the soliton breathe slower and degrades the coherence of the soliton.