gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
FM 1–43 Labeling of Synaptic Vesicle Pools at the Drosophila (2008)

To maintain transmitter release during intense stimulation, neurons need to efficiently recycle vesicles at the synapse. Following membrane fusion, vesicles are reshaped and formed from the plasma membrane by bulk or clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Most synapses, including the Drosophila neuromuscular junction (NMJ), can also recycle synaptic vesicles directly by closing the fusion pore, a process referred to as "kiss and run." While the process of clathrin-mediated vesicle retrieval is under intense investigation, the kiss-and-run phenomenon remains much less accepted. To gain better insight into the mechanisms of synaptic vesicle recycling, it is therefore critical not only to identify and characterize novel players involved in the process, but also to develop novel methods to study vesicle recycling. Although in recent years numerous techniques to study vesicle traffic have been developed (see also this volume), in this chapter we outline established procedures that use the fluorescent dye FM 1-43 or related compounds to study vesicle cycling. We describe how FM 1-43 can be used to study and visualize clathrin-mediated or bulk endocytosis from the presynaptic membrane as well as exocytosis of labeled vesicles at the Drosophila NMJ, one of the best-characterized model synapses to study synaptic function in a genetic model system.
Non-destructive method to detect artificially ripened banana using hyperspectral sensing and RGB imaging (2018)

Fruits provide essential nutrition in most natural form suitable for human beings. They are best when ripened naturally. However, industrialization has provided many ways for quick ripening and for extended shelf life of fruits. Detection of artificial ripening could be done by sophisticated methods like chemical analysis in lab or visual inspection by experts, which may not be feasible all the time. Of all the fruits, banana is the most consumed fruit around the world. Adulteration of banana can have devastating effects on masses on scale. It is figured, bananas are potentially ripened using carcinogens like Calcium Carbide(CaC<sub>2</sub>). In this paper, we propose and devise a novel and automatic method to classify the naturally and artificially ripened banana using spectral and RGB data. Our results show that using a Deep Learning (Neural Network) on RGB data, we achieve accuracy of up-to 90%.and using Random Forest and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) feed forward Neural Network as classifiers on spectral data we can achieve accuracies of up-to 98.74% and 89.49% respectively.
Titanium Ions Release from an Innovative Titanium-Magnesium Composite: an in Vitro Study (2016)

The innovative titanium-magnesium composite (Ti-Mg) was produced by powder metallurgy (P/M) method and is characterized in terms of corrosion behavior. Material and methods: Two groups of experimental material, 1 mass% (Ti-1Mg) and 2 mass% (Ti-2Mg) of magnesium in titanium matrix, were tested and compared to commercially pure titanium (CP Ti). Immersion test and chemical analysis of four solutions: artificial saliva; artificial saliva pH 4; artificial saliva with fluoride and Hank balanced salt solution were performed after 42 days of immersion, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to detect the amount of released titanium ions (Ti). SEM and EDS analysis were used for surface characterization. Results: The difference between the results from different test solutions was assessed by ANOVA and Newman-Keuls test at p&lt;0.05. The influence of predictor variables was found by multiple regression analysis. The results of the present study revealed a low corrosion rate of titanium from the experimental Ti-Mg group. Up to 46 and 23 times lower dissolution of Ti from Ti-1Mg and Ti-2Mg, respectively was observed compared to the control group. Among the tested solutions, artificial saliva with fluorides exhibited the highest corrosion effect on all specimens tested. SEM micrographs showed preserved dual phase surface structure and EDS analysis suggested a favorable surface bioactivity. Conclusion: In conclusion, Ti-Mg produced by P/M as a material with better corrosion properties when compared to CP Ti is suggested.
Ty5 gag Mutations Increase Retrotransposition and Suggest a Role for Hydrogen Bonding in the Function of the Nucleocapsid Zinc Finger (2002)

The Ty5 retrotransposon of Saccharomyces paradoxus transposes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae at frequencies 1,000-fold lower than do the native Ty1 elements. The low transposition activity of Ty5 could be due to differences in cellular environments between these yeast species or to naturally occurring mutations in Ty5. By screening of a Ty5 mutant library, two single mutants (D252N and Y68C) were each found to increase transposition approximately sixfold. When combined, transposition increased 36-fold, implying that the two mutations act independently. Neither mutation affected Ty5 protein synthesis, processing, cDNA recombination, or target site choice. However, cDNA levels in both single mutants and the double mutant were significantly higher than in the wild type. The D252N mutation resides in the zinc finger of nucleocapsid and increases the potential for hydrogen bonding with nucleic acids. We generated other mutations that increase the hydrogen bonding potential (i.e., D252R and D252K) and found that they similarly increased transposition. This suggests that hydrogen bonding within the zinc finger motif is important for cDNA production and builds upon previous studies implicating basic amino acids flanking the zinc finger as important for zinc finger function. Although NCp zinc fingers differ from the zinc finger motifs of cellular enzymes, the requirement for efficient hydrogen bonding is likely universal.
Development of A New Chemical Treatment for Removing Water Blockage in Tight Reservoirs (2019)

Abstract In petroleum industry, great challenges are associated with producing hydrocarbon from unconventional reservoirs. Tight reservoirs are characterized with low permeability which reduces the hydrocarbon flow into the wellbore. Water blockage is considered as a potential damage issue in tight reservoirs due to increasing the water saturation around wellbore region and eventually decreasing the relative permeability of hydrocarbons. Acid fracturing or hydraulic fracturing are required to remove the damage and enhance the formation conductivity. The objective of this paper is to propose a new technique to remove the water blockage from tight formations using thermochemical treatment. Chemicals that generate pressure and heat at reservoir conditions are used to remove the water bank from tight core samples. Coreflooding experiments, capillary pressure and NMR measurements were conducted as well as routine core analysis. The impact of thermochemical treatment on improving the formation productivity was quantified. The effect of thermochemical injection on rock integrity was analyzed by evaluating the pore geometry before and after the chemical treatment. Thermochemical treatment resulted in a significant improvement in the core conductivity. NMR indicated that, tiny fractures were created in the core samples due the thermochemical flooding. Capillary pressure measurements showed that, the capillary pressure was reduced by 55.6% after the chemical treatment. The results of this study highlight that water blockage is great challenge in tight gas reservoirs. Injecting thermochemical fluids into tight samples reduces the capillary forces significantly, which leads to remove the water accumulation. Therefore, considerable enhancement was observed in the rock conductivity. This study provides a novel approach for removing the water blockage from tight formations using environmentally friendly chemicals. Chemicals that generate heat and pressure at downhole conditions were used to create tiny fractures. This treatment was able to remove the water blockage from tight sandstone cores and improve the productivity index by reducing the capillary forces.
On quantitative mapping of EL2 concentration in semi-insulating GaAs wafers (1991)

Different factors influencing the accuracy of quantitative EL2 mapping were analyzed. It was found that very often the main problem limiting precision of those measurements is fluctuations in the transmitted light due to surface, subsurface and volume imperfections of the wafer. This problem was solved by combining results of 2 sets of 2-dimensional scans taken at two different light energies ; one at 1.1 eV giving information on EL2° absorption, and the other, below 0.8 eV, giving the background transmissivity. It is shown that this low-energy light mapping of GaAs wafer can also be used for evaluation of GaAs wafer preparation techniques.
Physical Characteristics of and Rates of Nitrous Oxide Diffusion into Tracheal Tube Cuffs (1979)

BERNHARD, W. N.; YOST, L. C.; TURNDORF, H.; COTTRELL, J. E.; PAEGLE, R. D. Author Information
PHOSPHORYLATION OFTHEPROTEINS OFTHE EXTRACELLULAR MATRIXOFMINERALIZED TISSUES BYCASEINKINASE-LIKE ACTIVITY (1997)

Theextracellular matrix oftheconnective tissue contains non-collagenous proteins (NCP) whichareacidic in character. TheNCPofmineralizing systems (bone, dentin) differ fromthose ofthenon-mineralizing systems (skin, tendon) in that themineralized tissue NCParefrequently phosphorylated. Thephosphorylated proteins havebeenimplicated invarious aspects ofthemineralization process. Thus, itisofinterest toconsider themechanism andregulation ofphosphorylation of themajormatrix NCP.Themajority ofthephosphorylation takes place atSerorThrresidues embedded within acidic sequences, andtherefore aretargets forcasein kinase I(CKI)orcasein kinase 11(CK2)-like kinases. CKIandCK2aredistantly related members oftheprotein kinase family. Theyareubiquitous, constitutively active, second-messenger-independent kinas- es.CKIisfound inavariety ofisoforms, allhomologous tothecx-subunit oftheprotein kinase family. Itactsasamonomer. Theactive formofCK2isatetrameric holoenzyme, with2cxcatalytic subunits and2(regulatory subunits. TheCK2achas activity alone, buttheholoenzyme isfour- tofive-fold that activity. CK2canuseeither ATPorGTPasthephosphate donor, but CK1canuseonly ATP. TheCK2activity which phosphorylates themineralized tissue NCPappears tobelocalized tomembrane- associated cell fractions, andispresent intheendoplasmic reticulum andGolgi compartments inosteoblasts, wherephos- phorylation ofthesecreted proteins appears totakeplace asco-andpost-translation al processes. Dataindicate that bothcx and(subunits ofthemembrane-associated CK2areisoforms ofthecytosolic CK2inthesamecells. TheCKlhasnotbeen specifically localized. Studies ofdephosphorylated NCPsuchasphosphophoryn (PP) haveshownthat CKIwill notphospho- rylate dephosphorylated dPPunless prior phosphorylation withCK2hasbeencarried out. Inturn, CK2activity maybeinitia- tedonly after aninitial phosphorylation ofoneofthemessenger-dependent kinases. Thus, thephosphorylation reactions in mineralized tissues maybeatightly regulated hierarchical orsequential cascade ofintracellular phosphorylation events.
Preparation of Polymeric Nanocapsules by Miniemulsion Polymerization (2001)

This paper reports on the convenient one-step synthesis of hollow polymer nanocapsules by miniemulsion polymerization of different monomers in the presence of larger amounts of a hydrophobe. The idea of the procedure is that the hydrophobe and monomer form a common miniemulsion, whereas the polymer is immiscible with the hydrophobe and demixes throughout polymerization to form the hollow polymer structure surrounding the hydrophobe. The primary objective of this work was to study the effect of different monomers and monomer mixtures, of the type and amount of surfactant, and of the hydrophobe on the morphological characteristics of the polymer/oil composite particle, using dynamic light scattering, scanning and transmission electron microscopies, and atomic force microscopy. It was found that the structure can be adjusted to cover the whole range from independent particles over partially engulfed structures to structurally integer nanocapsules of high uniformity.
101: Clinical Outcome of Acute Prostatitis, a Multicenter Study (2005)

You have accessJournal of UrologyModerated Poster, Saturday, May 21, 2005, 3:30 - 5:30 pm1 Apr 2005101: Clinical Outcome of Acute Prostatitis, a Multicenter Study In Rae Cho, K.S. Lee, J.S. Jeon, S.S. Park, L.C. Sung, Choong Hee Noh, Won Jae Yang, Young Deuk Choi, S.J. Hong, Seung Choul Yang, Jin Seon Cho, H.S. Ahn, Se Joong Kim, Hong Sup Kim, K. Song, D.H. Seong, Jun Kyu Suh, K.S. Lee, Dong H. Lee, Yun Seob Song, and Y.S. Kim In Rae ChoIn Rae Cho More articles by this author , K.S. LeeK.S. Lee More articles by this author , J.S. JeonJ.S. Jeon More articles by this author , S.S. ParkS.S. Park More articles by this author , L.C. SungL.C. Sung More articles by this author , Choong Hee NohChoong Hee Noh More articles by this author , Won Jae YangWon Jae Yang More articles by this author , Young Deuk ChoiYoung Deuk Choi More articles by this author , S.J. HongS.J. Hong More articles by this author , Seung Choul YangSeung Choul Yang More articles by this author , Jin Seon ChoJin Seon Cho More articles by this author , H.S. AhnH.S. Ahn More articles by this author , Se Joong KimSe Joong Kim More articles by this author , Hong Sup KimHong Sup Kim More articles by this author , K. SongK. Song More articles by this author , D.H. SeongD.H. Seong More articles by this author , Jun Kyu SuhJun Kyu Suh More articles by this author , K.S. LeeK.S. Lee More articles by this author , Dong H. LeeDong H. Lee More articles by this author , Yun Seob SongYun Seob Song More articles by this author , and Y.S. KimY.S. Kim More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)34366-0AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "101: Clinical Outcome of Acute Prostatitis, a Multicenter Study." The Journal of Urology, 173(4S), p. 28 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 173Issue 4SApril 2005Page: 28 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information In Rae Cho More articles by this author K.S. Lee More articles by this author J.S. Jeon More articles by this author S.S. Park More articles by this author L.C. Sung More articles by this author Choong Hee Noh More articles by this author Won Jae Yang More articles by this author Young Deuk Choi More articles by this author S.J. Hong More articles by this author Seung Choul Yang More articles by this author Jin Seon Cho More articles by this author H.S. Ahn More articles by this author Se Joong Kim More articles by this author Hong Sup Kim More articles by this author K. Song More articles by this author D.H. Seong More articles by this author Jun Kyu Suh More articles by this author K.S. Lee More articles by this author Dong H. Lee More articles by this author Yun Seob Song More articles by this author Y.S. Kim More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Towards CMOS-based in-vivo NMR spectroscopy and microscopy (2017)

In this paper, we discuss the requirements for an NMR setup to allow for combined NMR microscopy and spectroscopy using planar microcoils to study metabolic processes in vivo. Here, NMR is particularly suitable because — unlike most other currently used methods — it can deliver structural information as well as qualitative and quantitative information about the molecules involved in cellular processes. More specifically, based on the reciprocity principle, we derive why previously presented fully-integrated CMOS receivers using on-chip NMR coils in receive-only mode are not suitable for in-vivo spectroscopy applications. As a solution to this problem, we propose the use of fully-integrated transceivers which use their on-chip planar microcoils in TX/RX mode as an ideal tool for combined in-vivo NMR imaging and spectroscopy. Measurements using a planar coil on a thin silicon substrate validate the theoretical analysis.
CONSORT Bruny Island Battery Trial: Project Final Report - Project Results and Lessons Learnt (2019)

Australia’s high residential solar uptake is pushing our networks to their technical limits. Without alternatives, networks are faced with the choice of either limiting renewable uptake, or undertaking costly network upgrades, negatively impacting Australian householders. The CONSORT project aimed to develop and trial novel technologies allowing households to provide network support from their battery and PV system. At the same time, households would receive rewards and payments that properly reflect the value of this support, while continuing to enjoy the benefits of their system and the reduction in their electricity bill. CONSORT stands for CONSumer energy systems providing cost-effective grid suppORT. In CONSORT, the project team considered not only the orchestration algorithms underpinning network support from household systems, but also the pricing dimension of network support, as well as householder responses to the new technology. The technology developed was trialed on Bruny Island, Tasmania, where it contributed to reduce peak demand and diesel use.
Spectral signatures and interference of 802.11 Wi-Fi signals with Barker code spreading (2005)

This paper characterizes interference in 802.11 Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) systems that utilize Barker codes as spreading sequences. Particularly, detailed spectral analyses are performed. These studies result in exact power spectral densities (PSDs) for 1 Mbps and 2 Mbps signaling schemes that define their spectral signatures. Investigation of the leakage of interference power into adjacent 802.11 channels, which can be useful for the deployment of cognitive radios, is presented The theoretical and computer simulation results for the Wi-Fi signal PSDs are verified through experimental measurements and emulation
Comparison of Fragmentation Functions for Jets Dominated by Light Quarks and Gluons from pp and Pb+Pb Collisions in ATLAS (2019)

Charged-particle fragmentation functions for jets azimuthally balanced by a high-transverse-momentum, prompt, isolated photon are measured in 25 pb^{-1} of pp and 0.49 nb^{-1} of Pb+Pb collision data at 5.02 TeV per nucleon pair recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The measurements are compared to predictions of Monte Carlo generators and to measurements of inclusively selected jets. In pp collisions, a different jet fragmentation function in photon-tagged events from that in inclusive jet events arises from the difference in fragmentation between light quarks and gluons. The ratios of the fragmentation functions in Pb+Pb events to that in pp events are used to explore the parton color-charge dependence of jet quenching in the hot medium. In relatively peripheral collisions, fragmentation functions exhibit a similar modification pattern for photon-tagged and inclusive jets. However, photon-tagged jets are observed to have larger modifications than inclusive jets in central Pb+Pb events.
<title>JESSI Project E 162: status of the deep-UV resist</title> (1993)

Within the joint European project `JESSI E 162' we pursue deep UV image processing for 0.35 micrometers lithography in chip production. To reach this goal, major advancements have to be made in three areas: stepper, resist, and track. In this paper, the status of the JESSI positive deep UV resist is presented. Based on the SUCCESS resist concept a stable resist process was developed. The major achievements are: linewidth stability for 0.35 micrometers lines and larger ones during delay times up to 120 min between exposure and PEB, 0.24 micrometers lines stable for 30 min, linearity down to 0.35 micrometers (NA 0.42), resolution of 0.22 micrometers with phase-shift mask (NA 0.42), and dry etch resistance better than conventional novolac resists.
Numerical interpretation of gas-injection tests at different scales (2015)

Abstract To investigate gas-migration processes in saturated low-permeability argillaceous rocks, gas-injection tests under different injection pressures were carried out at different scales: on core samples at the laboratory scale; in the packed-off section of boreholes at the borehole scale (HG-B); and in the sealed microtunnel at the tunnel scale (HG-A) – a 1:2 scale experiment at the Mont Terri Rock Laboratory, Switzerland. All three tests at the Mont Terri Rock Laboratory involved Opalinus Clay. A fully coupled hydromechanical model has been developed that takes account of elastic and plastic anisotropies, anisotropic two-phase flow based on the van Genuchten function, and permeability changes when evaluating the experimental data. Two different flow regimes were studied: two-phase flow under low gas-injection pressure and dilatancy-controlled gas flow under high gas-injection pressure above the confining pressure in the laboratory experiment or the minimal principal stress in situ . When dealing with the dilatancy-controlled gas-flow regime, special consideration was made by applying two permeability approaches in which (i) the permeability change was pore-gas-pressure dependent and (ii) where the permeability change was deformation dependent. Using the parameter values determined by laboratory data, the in situ borehole tests obtained under well-defined hydromechanical conditions could be analysed accordingly. The gas-flow regime in large-scale experiments, as in the case of HG-A, is mainly governed by experimental circumstances: in this case, the excavation-induced fractures around an opening with a permeability four order of magnitude higher than that in the undisturbed rock mass.
Systems frame for multidisciplinary study on sustainability of localising food (2007)

The local, as opposed to global, food system refers to the idea of achieving food equitability, access, security, responsibility and environmental stewardship by means of localising food. We studied the effects and learning challenges of localising the food system at municipal and provincial scales in a Finnish case. In our multidisciplinary project, we developed a conceptual system model to facilitate interdisciplinary communication and integration. In the model, a food system was divided into the economic, the biophysical and, as the link between these two, the learning subsystems. The model and our disciplinary results from case studies within each of the subsystems are described. The theories and methods in analysing environmental and socioeconomic impacts of, and learning challenges for, localising the food system are discussed. Our experience gives support to foodshed thinking: it is essential to include both the rural source and the urban sink areas in a food system.