gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multidisciplinary Perioperative Care for Children with Neuromuscular Disorders (2018)

Children with neuromuscular diseases present unique challenges to providing safe and appropriate perioperative care. Given the spectrum of disease etiologies and manifestations, this is a population that often requires specialized multidisciplinary care from pediatricians, geneticists, neurologists, dieticians, and pulmonologists which must also be coordinated with surgeons and anesthesiologists when these patients present for surgery. Several of these diseases also have specific pharmacologic implications for anesthesia, most notably mitochondrial disease and muscular dystrophies, which put them at additional risk during the perioperative period particularly in patients presenting without a formal diagnosis. Techniques and strategies to fully evaluate and optimize these patients preoperatively, manage them safely intraoperatively, and return them to their baseline status postoperative are particularly important in this vulnerable group of patients. Utilizing a review of inherited neuromuscular conditions, generalized perioperative concerns, and specific complications related to anesthesia, this article provides an overview of pertinent considerations and recommends a framework for management of these patients.
Real-Time Catheter Molecular Sensing of Inflammation in Proteolytically Active Atherosclerosis (2008)

An intravascular fluorescence catheter can detect cysteine protease activity in vessels the size of human coronary arteries in real time with an activatable NIRF agent. This strategy could aid in the detection of inflammation and high-risk plaques in small arteries.
Rapid molecular dissection of viral and bacterial immunomes (2006)

The development of preventive or therapeutic recombinant vaccines and the generation of serodiagnostic assays for infectious diseases depend essentially on the availability of molecularly defined antigens. A major bottleneck for the identification of suitable target antigens for many pathogens is the isolation of sufficient amounts of material for subsequent genomic or proteomic screening. Applying a highly efficient expression cloning strategy to the human pathogens vaccinia virus (VV) and Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP), we demonstrate that sub-nanogram amounts of isolated nucleic acids can be utilized to determine comprehensive sets of immunodominant antigens. Remarkably, the approach not only confirmed the immunogenicity of previously reported antigens but also disclosed novel vaccine candidates conserved in orthopoxviruses, including antigenic envelope proteins and immunodominant CTL epitopes. Moreover, as illustrated for CP infection, we show that a panel of novel antigens can be readily selected from the initially discovered pool to build up pathogen-specific seroassays. The established approach is rapid, making it an attractive procedure for the comprehensive dissection of immunomes of known human pathogens and newly emerging infectious agents.
Ti and Ni Cluster Composites Prepared by A Dual Source Plasma Gas Condensation Cluster Deposition System (2008)

Ti and Ni clusters have been formed, and codeposited on substrates using a new plasma-gas-condensation cluster deposition system, in which two DC glow-discharge-sources are installed in completely separated two sputtering chambers. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) observations of these codeposited specimens indicate that Ti and Ni clusters are randomly mixed with each other. Hcp Ti and fcc Ni diffraction rings are detected in selected area electron diffraction patterns, and no clear alloying can be detected at around the interface between Ti and Ni clusters in the high resolution TEM image. These results demonstrate that Ti and Ni cluster nanocomposites are obtained from this method.
Individual Error Signal Design in Narrowband Active Noise Control Systems (2014)

A narrowband active noise control (NANC) system is often applied to reduce undesired noise with multiple tones whose frequencies are close. Generally, an NANC system uses a single error signal to update a bank of adaptive filters configured in direct/parallel or parallel form. This work proposes a delayless filterbank to participate the frequency components of the error signal into individual error signals with the same frequencies components of the input signals to update the corresponding adaptive filters. A new adaptive algorithm based on the optimized performance index for the enhanced NANC system is also developed. Theoretical analysis is performed to demonstrate the increased convergence speed. Computer simulations are conducted to verify the analysis results and demonstrate the improved performance of the proposed NANC system.
Wave-coupled W-band LiNbO/sub 3/ Mach-Zehnder modulator (1992)

Summary form only given. Mach-Zehnder amplitude modulators have been designed for W-band operation (94 GHz), at a 1.3- mu m optical wavelength. These modulators use bow-tie antennas, which are relatively insensitive to DC bias connections made to the ends of the antenna elements. The bow-ties should also give a greater bandwidth than the dipole antennas.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Diagnostic accuracy of serological assays in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (1999)

Ruemmele, Frank M.; Targan, Stephan R.; Levy, Galith; Dubinsky, Maria; and Ernest G. Seidman, Jonathan Braun
Hydraulics of Recirculating Well Pairs for Ground Water Remediation (2004)

Recirculating well pairs are a proven means of implementing bioremediation and may also be useful for applying other in situ ground water remediation technologies. A bromide tracer test was performed to characterize the hydraulic performance of a recirculating well pair installed at Moffett Field, California. In particular, we estimate two important properties of the recirculating well pair: (1) the fraction of captured water that is recycled between the wells, and (2) the travel-time distribution of ground water in the induced zone of recirculation. We also develop theoretical estimates of these two properties and demonstrate they depend upon a dimensionless pumping rate, denoted xi. The bromide breakthrough curve predicted from theory agrees well with that determined experimentally at Moffett Field. The minimum travel time between the wells is denoted t(min). In theory, t(min) depends inversely on Q, the pumping rate in the recirculating wells, and is proportional to a2, the square of the distance between the wells. Both the experimental and theoretical travel-time distributions indicate that at least half the recirculating water travels between the wells along fast flowpaths (travel time < 2*t(min)). Therefore, when designing recirculating well pairs, engineers should ensure that t(min) will be sufficiently high to allow biologically mediated reactions (or other in situ remediation processes) sufficient time to proceed.
Toward quantum information processing using EIT in diamond (2006)

We describe how a quantum non-demolition device based on electromagnetically-induced transparency in solidstate atom-like systems could be realized. Such a resource, requiring only weak optical nonlinearities, could potentially enable photonic quantum information processing (QIP) that is much more efficient than QIP based on linear optics alone. As an example, we show how a parity gate could be constructed. A particularly interesting physical system for constructing devices is the nitrogen-vacancy defect in diamond, but the excited-state structure for this system is unclear in the existing literature. We include some of our latest spectroscopic results that indicate that the optical transitions are generally not spin-preserving, even at zero magnetic field, which allows the realization of a Λ-type system.
Metafiction (2014)

Metafiction is one of the most distinctive features of postwar fiction, appearing in the work of novelists as varied as Eco, Borges, Martin Amis and Julian Barnes. It comprises two elements: firstly cause, the increasing interpenetration of professional literary criticism and the practice of writing; and secondly effect: an emphasis on the playing with styles and forms, resulting from an enhanced self-consciousness and awareness of the elusiveness of meaning and the limitations of the realist form. Dr Currie's volume examines first the two components of metafiction, with practical illustrations from the work of such writers as Derrida and Foucault. A final section then provides the view of metafiction as seen by metafictional writers themselves.
MEMS-based microprojection system with a 1.5cc optical engine (2012)

Lemoptix develops next-generation of Micro-Opto-Electromechanical Systems (MOEMS)-based laser scanning and microprojection technologies and products for professional and industrial applications. Lemoptix LSCAN laser scanning micromirrors are designed to be integrated by OEM (original equipment manufacturer) customers into a number of applications such as printers and industrial sensors, enhancing performances and enabling the development of smaller, higher resolution and lower cost products. Lemoptix MVIEW, world's smallest laser microprojection systems are ideal for integration by OEMs and ODMs (original design manufacturers) into various demanding applications such as headup displays in cars or mobile devices. Embedded MVIEW modules will enable the projection of content and information directly from the device on any nearby surface, enabling users to conveniently view and share information and content without the typical limitations of physical displays.
Early leaching behavior of SRP (Savannah River Plant) waste glass effects of surface finish and temperature (1983)

As part of SRL's effort in assessing the durability of SRP waste glass systems, a three day dynamic leach test was designed and developed to study the early stages of the leaching process. The data accumulated from these tests will be incorporated into SRL's model which allows it more fully to describe the complete leach behavior. The model will be used to make long term extrapolations that will help show conformance with emerging federal regulations (NRC, EPA). 4 refs., 7 figs., 1 tab.
Electrical Characterization and Benchmarking of Polylithic Integration Using Fused-Silica Stitch-Chips With Compressible Microinterconnects for RF/mm-Wave Applications (2021)

A polylithic integration technology is demonstrated for seamless stitching of chiplets of various functions, including RF, analog, and digital chiplets. In this technology, stitch-chips with compressible microinterconnects (CMIs) are used for low-loss, low-parasitic, and dense interconnection between chiplets. The modeling, fabrication, assembly, and characterization of a set of testbeds using fused-silica stitch-chips with integrated CMIs are demonstrated in this article. A 500- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -long stitch-chip signal channel is measured to have less than 0.42-dB insertion loss up to 40 GHz with minimal parasitics ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4.68~\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula> at 28 GHz, <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4.99~\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula> at 39 GHz, 359 pH up to 40 GHz, and 62 fF up to 40 GHz). Moreover, CMIs’ S-parameters are extracted by the L-2L deembedding technique up to 40 GHz. CMIs exhibit less than 0.2-dB insertion loss up to 40 GHz with better than 16.2-dB return loss. Furthermore, benchmarking to other interconnections is presented in terms of loss and parasitics. Compared with conventional silicon-based interconnection, the data suggest that the fused-silica stitch-chip-based interconnection reduces the insertion loss by approximately 3.8-dB at the 28- and 39-GHz frequency bands. The stitch-chip interconnection has a similar insertion loss as glass interposer, organic substrate, and integrated fan-out (InFO) with the benefit of simple rework.
Preliminary design of a two-dimensional electron beam position monitor system for multiple-electron-beam-direct-write lithography (2009)

Multiple-electron-beam-direct-write lithography is one of the promising candidates for next-generation lithography because of its high resolution and ability of maskless operation. In order to achieve the throughput requirement for highvolume manufacturing, miniaturized electro-optics elements are utilized in order to drive massively parallel beams simultaneously. Electron beam drift problems can become quite serious in multiple-beam systems. Periodic recalibration with reference markers on the wafer has been utilized in single-beam systems to achieve beam placement accuracy. This technique becomes impractical with multiple beams. In this work, architecture of a two dimensional beam position monitor system for multiple-electron-beam lithography is proposed. It consists of an array of miniaturized electron detectors placed above the wafer to detect backscattered electrons. The relation between beam drift and distribution of backscattered-electron trajectories is simulated by an in-house Monte Carlo electron-scattering simulator. Simulation results indicate that electron beam drift may be effectively estimated from output signals of detector array with some array signal processing to account for cross-coupling effects between beams.
Ceria supported gold–platinum catalysts for the selective oxidation of alkyl ethoxylates (2013)

This work covers the development of a ceria based AuPt catalyst for the selective aerobic oxidation of alkyl ethoxylates to their corresponding carboxylic acids. By optimizing metal loading and the Au to Pt ratio the activity of the catalyst could be increased significantly, while maintaining total selectivity. Although the choice of ceria as a support helped to suppress intermediate metal leaching, the catalyst still showed poor long-term stability in repeated batches. The cause for deactivation could finally be identified by TPR studies as over-oxidation. These suspicions were confirmed by a long-term stability study in continuous-mode. It proved to be possible to deactivate the catalyst on purpose by employing unfavourable oxidising reaction conditions, i.e. low substrate concentrations and excess oxygen. By avoiding such unfavourable conditions either in continuous-flow mode or in repeated batches, the long-term stability of the catalyst increased tremendously. A substrate screening of various ethoxylates showed that the catalyst was very well-suited to selectively oxidize a wide range of alkyl ethoxylates.
Cytoplasmic Control of Premature Activation of a Secreted Protease Zymogen: Deletion of Staphostatin B (SspC) in Staphylococcus aureus 8325-4 Yields a Profound Pleiotropic Phenotype (2005)

The cytoplasmic protein SspC of Staphylococcus aureus, referred to as staphostatin B, is a very specific, tightly binding inhibitor of the secreted protease staphopain B (SspB). SspC is hypothesized to protect intracellular proteins against proteolytic damage by prematurely folded and activated staphopain B (M. Rzychon, A. Sabat, K. Kosowska, J. Potempa, and A. Dubin, Mol. Microbiol. 49:1051-1066, 2003). Here we provide evidence that elimination of intracellular staphopain B activity is indeed the function of SspC. An isogenic sspC mutant of S. aureus 8325-4 exhibits a wide range of striking pleiotropic alterations in phenotype, which distinguish it from the parent. These changes include a defect in growth, a less structured peptidoglycan layer within the cell envelope, severely decreased autolytic activity, resistance to lysis by S. aureus phages, extensively diminished sensitivity to lysis by lysostaphin, the ability to form a biofilm, and a total lack of extracellular proteins secreted into the growth media. The same phenotype was also engineered by introduction of sspB into an 8325-4 sspBC mutant. In contrast, sspC inactivation in the SH1000 strain did not yield any significant changes in the mutant phenotype, apparently due to strongly reduced expression of sspB in the sigma B-positive background. The exact pathway by which these diverse aberrations are exerted in 8325-4 is unknown, but it is apparent that a very small amount of staphopain B (less than 20 ng per 200 microg of cell proteins) is sufficient to bring about these widespread changes. It is proposed that the effects observed are modulated through the proteolytic degradation of several cytoplasmic proteins within cells lacking the inhibitor. Seemingly, some of these proteins may play a role in protein secretion; hence, their proteolytic inactivation by SspB has pleiotropic effects on the SspC-deficient mutant.
Session details: Exploiting FPGA-specific features for robustness and efficiency (2010)

No abstract available.
A glycosylated Fc ‐fused glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist exhibits equivalent glucose lowering to but fewer gastrointestinal side effects than dulaglutide (2020)

These results suggest that GLP-1-gFc could be used as a novel GLP-1 receptor agonist with better safety than dulaglutide to maximize therapeutic benefits in subjects with type 2 diabetes.
[Method for differentiating in humans the direct effects of anti-arrhythmic drugs from those mediated by the autonomic nervous system. Effects of quinidine and propafenone]. (1986)

We have set up a method which investigates the different modes of action of an antiarrhythmic drug in man, in particular the direct effects of the drug and those mediated by the autonomic nervous system (ANS). The electrophysiological study (ES) is performed twice in each patient. In the first study the parameters of sinus and A-V nodal functions are evaluated both in the basal state and after pharmacological autonomic blockade (AB) (propranolol 0.2 mg/kg and atropine 0.04 mg/kg). Subsequently, the antiarrhythmic drug is administered per os until a steady-state has been achieved and the ES is then repeated with the same method. By comparing the data obtained in the two studies in the basal state, before and after drug administration, we can evaluate the overall effect, and by comparing those obtained after pharmacological AB we can assess the direct action of the drug. From the comparison of the percentage changes in the examined parameters in the basal state and following AB we can evaluate whether the drug, besides having a possible direct action, also has another one which is mediated by the ANS. This method can be adapted to the way of administration and to the pharmacodynamics of the drug. If the drug does not induce important hemodynamic effect, it can be studied also after intravenous administration. In this case during the first study we can evaluate the overall effect and during the second study the direct effect. The electrophysiological parameters are then compared with the above mentioned method.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A new easy to use light source for CARS microscopy based on an optical parametric oscillator (2007)

A new, broadly tuneable synchronously pumped picosecond optical parametric oscillator (OPO) for Coherent anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) microscopy is presented. It is based on a non-critically phase-matched LBO crystal, pumped by the second harmonic (532 nm) of a mode-locked Nd:Vanadate laser. The tuning range covers 680 nm to 990 nm (Signal beam) and 1150 nm to 2450 nm (Idler beam), thus completely substituting picosecond - Ti:Sapphire lasers. By using the Signal and Idler as pump and Stokes beams for CARS microscopy, this translates into a vibrational frequency range of ~1350 - >10.000 cm<sup>-1</sup>. Both beams are extracted from the same cavity mirror and therefore propagate collinearly. Due to the mechanism of their generation, Signal and Idler are optically synchronized, and thus, perfectly overlap in space and in time with no jitter. The 5 ps pulses generated are close to transform limited and of excellent beam quality (M<sup>2</sup> < 1,1) and show a high pointing stability. The output power for Signal and Idler is about 2 W @ 4 W pump power leading to 50% overall conversion efficiency. The perfect spatial and temporal overlap, stable operation, and broad tuneability makes the described OPO an ideal and nearly hands-free laser source for CARS microscopy. The longer operational wavelength range results in higher penetration depths and lower sample photodamage than previously reported systems. Thus, our CARS source is optimized to image highly heterogeneous tissue samples, as will be shown in several applications. The latest methods for further sensitivity improvements will be presented.
Acoustic Feedback Compensation with Reverb-based Stepsize Control for Incar Communication Systems. (2016)

An acoustic feedback cancellation method with a stepsize controlled frequency domain NLMS algorithm is presented. If the NLMS is used to estimate the feedback path of a closed electro-acoustic loop, its performance is restricted due to correlation of excitation signal and desired signal. By controlling the stepsize of the NLMS algorithm, its convergence can be improved and the system remains stable at high gains. The stepsize control is based on a reverberation model. If the proposed method is applied to speech signals, no further decorrelation methods are necessary. The algorithm is designed for an in-car communication (ICC) system, but it can also be adapted to other audio applications, such as public address systems.
Neurophobia in Medical Students and Junior Doctors—Blame the GIK (2013)

Neurophobia is highly prevalent amongst Singapore medical students and junior doctors. Low interest and knowledge are independent risk factors shared by both groups; female gender may also be a shared risk factor. The mnemonic GIK (Gender, Interest, Knowledge) identifies the risk factors to mitigate when planning teaching strategies to reduce neurophobia.
Surface Acoustic Wave Duplexer Composed of SiO2/Cu Electrode/LiNbO3Structure Having Convex and Concave Portions (2009)

The transition bandwidth of 20 MHz between the transmission (Tx: 1850–1910 MHz) and the receiving (Rx: 1930–1990 MHz) bands of personal communication service (PCS) handy phones in the United States (US) is very narrow compared with those of other systems. We have already realized surface acoustic wave (SAW) duplexers with sizes of 5.0×5.0×1.7 and 3.0×2.5×1.2 mm3 for PCS handy phones in the US with an excellent temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) by using a shear horizontal (SH) wave on a flattened SiO2/Cu electrode/36–48° YX-LiTaO3 structure and a Rayleigh wave on a SiO2/Cu electrode/120–128° YX-LiNbO3 structure. Although the surface of the above-mentioned structures is flattened SiO2, we have also studied the shape of the SiO2 surface. As a result, in addition to increasing the stop-band width, which corresponds to the reflection coefficient, the TCF and power durability have been improved by forming convex portions on the surface of the SiO2 over the interdigital transducer (IDT) gaps.
Feasibility of diffuse optical imaging with long-lived luminescent probes (2006)

Long-lived near-infrared phosphors with high quantum yields have recently become available, making it possible to image oxygen distributions in tissue in three dimensions. By numerical simulations we demonstrate that, by using phosphorescent probes with appropriate oxygen quenching constants, one can image hypoxic phantoms in scattering media with adequate spatial resolution, employing simple time-gated measurements. The approach developed will guide experimental imaging of phosphorescence lifetime and oxygen pressure in living tissue.