gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Drosophila olfactory receptors as classifiers for volatiles from disparate real world applications (2014)

Olfactory receptors evolved to provide animals with ecologically and behaviourally relevant information. The resulting extreme sensitivity and discrimination has proven useful to humans, who have therefore co-opted some animals' sense of smell. One aim of machine olfaction research is to replace the use of animal noses and one avenue of such research aims to incorporate olfactory receptors into artificial noses. Here, we investigate how well the olfactory receptors of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, perform in classifying volatile odourants that they would not normally encounter. We collected a large number of in vivo recordings from individual Drosophila olfactory receptor neurons in response to an ecologically relevant set of 36 chemicals related to wine ('wine set') and an ecologically irrelevant set of 35 chemicals related to chemical hazards ('industrial set'), each chemical at a single concentration. Resampled response sets were used to classify the chemicals against all others within each set, using a standard linear support vector machine classifier and a wrapper approach. Drosophila receptors appear highly capable of distinguishing chemicals that they have not evolved to process. In contrast to previous work with metal oxide sensors, Drosophila receptors achieved the best recognition accuracy if the outputs of all 20 receptor types were used.
Statistical Learning in Automated Troubleshooting: Application to LTE Interference Mitigation (2010)

This paper presents a method for automated healing as part of offline automated troubleshooting. The method combines statistical learning with constraint optimization. The automated healing aims at locally optimizing the radio-resource management (RRM) or system parameters of cells with poor performance in an iterative manner. The statistical learning processes the data using logistic regression (LR) to extract closed-form (functional) relations between key performance indicators (KPIs) and RRM parameters. These functional relations are then processed by an optimization engine that proposes new parameter values. The advantage of the proposed formulation is the small number of iterations required by the automated healing method to converge, making it suitable for offline implementation. The proposed method is applied to heal an intercell-interference-coordination (ICIC) process in a third-generation (3G) long-term evolution (LTE) network, which is based on the soft-frequency reuse scheme. Numerical simulations illustrate the benefits of the proposed approach.
Skin and bones: multi-layer, locally affine, optical flow and regularization with transparency (1996)

This paper describes a new method for estimating optical flow that strikes a balance between the flexibility of local dense computations and the robustness and accuracy of global parameterized flow models. An affine model of image motion is used within local image patches while a spatial smoothness constraint on the affine flow parameters of neighboring patches enforces continuity of the motion. We refer to this as a "Skin and Bones" model in which the affine patches can be thought of as rigid "bones" connected by a flexible "skin". Since local image patches may contain multiple motions we use a layered representation for the affine bones. To regularize this layered motion representation we develop a new framework for regularization with transparency.
Cover Picture: [1,2]‐Rearrangement of Imino‐N‐heterocyclic Carbenes − Synthesis and Structures of Chelating Iminoimidazole Pd and Ni Complexes (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 14/2004) (2004)

Abstract The cover picture shows the rearrangement of N ‐imidoyl‐ N ‐heterocyclic carbenes as well as a crystal structures of a palladium complex of a derivative of one of the rearranged carbene ligands. This work was supported by the polymer laboratory of BASF AG, Ludwigshafen, Germany, in search of new imino‐ N ‐heterocyclic carbene late transition metal complexes as novel polymerization catalysts. Details are discussed in the article by B. Bildstein et al. on p. 2827 ff.
Recent developments in clinical trial designs for HIV vaccine research (2015)

HIV vaccine strategies are expected to be a crucial component for controlling the HIV epidemic. Despite the large spectrum of potential candidate vaccines for both prophylactic and therapeutic use, the overall development process of an efficacious HIV vaccine strategy is lengthy. The design of clinical trials and the progression of a candidate strategy through the different clinical development stages remain methodologically challenging, mainly due to the lack of validated correlates of protection. In this review, we describe recent advances in clinical trial designs to increase the efficiency of the clinical development of candidate HIV vaccine strategies. The methodological aspects of the designs for early- (phase I and II) and later -stage (phase IIB and III) development are discussed, taking into account the specificities of both prophylactic and therapeutic HIV vaccine development.
Phasematched Three-Wave Mixing in Poled Optical Fibres (1990)

Second-order nonlinear mode-interference gratings are employed for phasematching three-wave mixing processes in excitation poled optical fibres.
Fundamental Studies of P(GeH3)3, As(GeH3)3, and Sb(GeH3)3: Practical n‐Dopants for New Group IV Semiconductors. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Nonagglomerated Indium Tin Oxide Nanoparticle Dispersions (2008)

DOI: 10.1002/adma.200702556 The full author list for this article is as follows: By Richard A. Gilstrap Jr.,* Charles J. Capozzi, Cantwell G. Carson, Rosario A. Gerhardt, Albina Y. Borisevich, and Christopher J. Summers Dr. Borisevich's affiliation is given below: Dr. A.Y. Borisevich, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge TN 37831-6031 (USA). Additionally, Figure 3 refers to scanning transmission electron microscopy rather than tunneling microscopy, and reference [22] should be corrected to: [22] V. S. Kumar G. Kelekanjeri and R. A. Gerhardt, Meas. Sci. Technol. 2008, 19, 025701. The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused.
Vascular endothelial growth factors C and D and their VEGFR-2 and 3 receptors in blood and lymphatic vessels in healthy and arthritic synovium. (2002)

VEGF-C is strongly expressed in the hypertrophic synovial lining of arthritic joints, whereas VEGF-D expression is very low in AS and RA. The expression of VEGF-C and VEGF-D in pericytes and smooth muscle cells suggests that these factors may have a role in maintaining vascular homeostasis. The VEGF receptors VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 are present in most of the sublining blood vessels. The expression of the lymphatic marker VEGFR-3 in the sublining blood vessels may relate to fluid filtration and/or fenestrations. The relatively few lymphatic vessels along with increased vascular permeability in RA may contribute to the development of tissue edema and joint stiffness.
Supplementary Figure S8 from Caspase-8 Promotes Cell Motility and Calpain Activity under Nonapoptotic Conditions (2023)

Supplementary Figure S8 from Caspase-8 Promotes Cell Motility and Calpain Activity under Nonapoptotic Conditions
An energy and emission conscious adaptive cruise controller for a connected automated diesel truck (2020)

Conventional speed planning for connected automated vehicles (CAVs) adopts an energy-centric perspective and improves fuel economy by means of reducing the power loss due to braking and operating the engine at its high efficiency region. This paper considers a simulated connected automated truck with a diesel powertrain and a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system for the treatment of NOx emissions, and first shows that a 20% fuel economy improvement is followed by up to 50% increase in NOx emissions with conventional speed planning due to its sole focus on energy that neglects emissions. Then, a novel model predictive controller (MPC) is designed for concurrent treatment of energy and emissions within speed planning of the CAV. Details of this energy and emissions conscious (E2C) MPC design are described, including the vehicle, powertrain and emission model development, selection of the appropriate objective function and its parameters for acceptable optimality, and computational performance. Simulation results of the E2C-MPC over multiple drive cycles are presented to demonstrate the robust performance of the controller. The results show 5–15% improvement in the fuel economy with a corresponding 0–25% reduction in NOx emissions for different drive cycles without requiring re-calibration for each test cycle.
MEMS controlled phase-shift elements for a linear polarised Reflectarray (2005)

International audience
Microfluidic Devices for Continuous Blood Plasma Separation and Analysis During Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Bypass Procedures (2006)

As an extension of previous work, a microfluidic device, which can separate blood plasma in a continuous, real-time fashion from a whole blood, is successfully integrated with a mock cardiopulmonary bypass circuit. The functionality of the device is demonstrated with the use of freshly harvested bovine blood. The plasma selectivities were 100% and 99.4% and the plasma separation volume percents were 18.7% and 24.5% for 26% and 37% inlet hematocrit levels, respectively. As an advanced stage of this research, a microfluidic device, which can measure the concentration of clinically relevant blood plasma protein in a continuous fashion, is being developed on the basis of fluid handling circuits coupled to fluorescent cytometric bead assays. The functionality of the device is demonstrated with the use of a biotinylated FITC solution and a streptavidin-coated, 8-mum-diameter bead. The binding event between biotinylated FITC and the streptavidin bead is continuously detected within a detection window at the outlet of the device. For a known concentration (1 microg/ml) of biotinylated FITC solution, the measured fluorescent intensity is fairly constant and shows a stable gaussian distribution of the bead fluorescence intensity. It is expected that the proposed device can be used for continuous measurement of clinically relevant proteins during cardiac surgery with the cardiopulmonary bypass procedure.
Named Entity Recognition on Code-Switched Data: Overview of the CALCS 2018 Shared Task (2018)

In the third shared task of the Computational Approaches to Linguistic Code-Switching (CALCS) workshop, we focus on Named Entity Recognition (NER) on code-switched social-media data. We divide the shared task into two competitions based on the English-Spanish (ENG-SPA) and Modern Standard Arabic-Egyptian (MSA-EGY) language pairs. We use Twitter data and 9 entity types to establish a new dataset for code-switched NER benchmarks. In addition to the CS phenomenon, the diversity of the entities and the social media challenges make the task considerably hard to process. As a result, the best scores of the competitions are 63.76% and 71.61% for ENG-SPA and MSA-EGY, respectively. We present the scores of 9 participants and discuss the most common challenges among submissions.
T(Rho) and magnetization transfer and INvErsion recovery (TRAMINER)‐prepared imaging: A novel contrast‐enhanced flow‐independent dark‐blood technique for the evaluation of myocardial late gadolinium enhancement in patients with myocardial infarction (2016)

2 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;45:1429-1437.
Microsupercomputers: Design and Implementation (1988)

Abstract : 1. Executive Summary. A summary of progress for the period April 1989 through October 1989 follows: (1) Parallel Architecture: The Stanford DASH multiprocessor advances the state of parallel computing by combining the programmability of shared-memory machines with the scalability of distributed-memory machines. (2) Parallel Software: We have developed a compiler algorithm that applies a large set of loop-level optimizations to improve data locality in programs. (3) Super-Scalar Design: We have investigated how much parallelism is available at the lowest level -- in the base instruction stream of a processor. (4) Multi-level Caches: The presence of a second-level cache can decrease the optimum size and cycle time of the first-level cache, and significantly improve performance beyond the best attainable with a single level of caching. (5) Testers: A single chip tester, called Testarossa, contains a dRAM for the test vector storage, a decompressor to increase the effective vector size, and the pin electronics for 16 DUT pins. (6) Computer Aided Design: In the area of algorithm and tool development for high-level synthesis we have targeted two goals: control generation for synthesized structures and relative scheduling techniques under timing constraints. (7) Simulation: The goal of this research is to provide application tools for the proposed scalable shared memory multiprocessor.
Electrical Properties of Metal-Insulator-Metal Structure Based on HfO2-Al2O3 Nanolaminate Stacks (2015)

International audience
B231 Evaluation of removal technologies of fuel debris using the laser processing (2015)

Development of damaged fuel debris cutting technique in Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant is one of the important issues for the defueling operations. Previous knowledge in the Three Mile Island Unit 2 (TMI-2) nuclear plant accident shows that fuel debris was made of uranium oxides, stainless steel, zircaloy and it was difficult to cut fuel debris by machine processing. Laser cutting is convenient to cut complex materials. However, it is difficult to know the thickness of fuel debris in advance, so it is hard to apply the conventional laser cutting method. In this study, we have been developed the cutting technique for fuel debris by using laser gouging method. Test pieces that simulate fuel debris were fabricated by embedding ceramic pellet on stainless steel. Laser gouging test was performed by cutting surface of the test pieces with high power fiber laser. According to the test results, laser gouging process has the ability to grind the simulated fuel debris under atmospheric condition and underwater.
Bit Error Probability for Asynchronous Channel Access in Feedback-Less MTC with FBMC-OQAM (2019)

Machine-Type Communication (MTC) will play an essential role in 5G as well as other future mobile communication systems. Within the next ten years several billion devices will be interconnected worldwide. However, large numbers of participants lead to controlling overhead in centrally coordinated systems. For this reason, we research asynchronous communication with transmit-only devices in combination with Filter Bank Multicarrier (FBMC), a highly adaptable modulation scheme. A key challenge of feedback-less networks are the unavoidable collisions between device signals. In this contribution, we derive a closed-form Bit Error Rate (BER) expression for colliding FBMC signals. The results are valid for any number of colliders, each sending its signal through separate correlated or uncorrelated doubly-selective channels. We show that the BER mainly depends on the amplitude ratio between the signals, while the relative time offset has little effect.
Can terminal settling velocity and drag of natural particles in water ever be predicted accurately? (2020)

Abstract. Natural particles are frequently applied in drinking water treatment processes in fixed bed reactors, in fluidised bed reactors, and in sedimentation processes to clarify water and to concentrate solids. When particles settle, it has been found that in terms of hydraulics, natural particles behave differently when compared to perfectly round spheres. To estimate the terminal settling velocity of single solid particles in a liquid system, a comprehensive collection of equations is available. For perfectly round spheres, the settling velocity can be calculated quite accurately. However, for naturally polydisperse non-spherical particles, experimentally measured settling velocities of individual particles show considerable spread from the calculated average values. This work aimed to analyse and explain the different causes of this spread. To this end, terminal settling experiments were conducted in a quiescent fluid with particles varying in density, size and shape. For the settling experiments, opaque and transparent spherical polydisperse and monodisperse glass beads were selected. In this study, we also examined drinking water related particles, like calcite pellets and crushed calcite seeding material grains, both applied in drinking water softening. Polydisperse calcite pellets were sieved and separated to acquire more uniformly dispersed samples. In addition, a wide variety of grains with different densities, sizes and shapes were investigated for their terminal settling velocity and behaviour. The derived drag coefficient was compared with well-known models such as Brown–Lawler. A sensitivity analysis showed that the spread is caused to a lesser extent by variations in fluid properties, measurement errors and wall effects. Natural variations in specific particle density, path trajectory instabilities and distinctive multi-particle settling behaviour caused a slightly larger degree of spread. In contrast, greater spread is caused by variations in particle size, shape and orientation.
Regression test selection for Java software (2001)

Regression testing is applied to modified software to provide confidence that the changed parts behave as intended and that the unchanged parts have not been adversely affected by the modifications. To reduce the cost of regression testing, test cases are selected from the test suite that was used to test the original version of the software---this process is called regression test selection. A safe regression-test-selection algorithm selects every test case in the test suite that may reveal a fault in the modified software. Safe regression-test-selection technique that, based on the use of a suitable representation, handles the features of the Java language. Unlike other safe regression test selection techniques, the presented technique also handles incomplete programs. The technique can thus be safely applied in the (very common) case of Java software that uses external libraries of components; the analysis of the external code is note required for the technique to select test cases for such software. The paper also describes RETEST, a regression-test-selection algorithm can be effective in reducing the size of the test suite.
Integration of QKD Technologies in Advanced Optical Networks (2022)

The coexistence of QKD and classical communication systems is described, identifying the principal limitations to its practical realization. The relevance of SDN as a suitable approach for a real integration between QKD and WDM networks is presented, together with the description of novel rateless error correcting codes (ECC) suitable for QKD reconciliation. Preliminary experimental results on a discrete-variable QKD field trial, over production optical fibers deployed in the metropolitan area of Turin in presence of high-bitrate classic channels, are reported. Stable performance on a week-long interval is demonstrated, showing the capabilities of QKD in short/medium reach optical networks. This work is part of the activities of the PON project “Development of quantum systems and technologies for IT security in communication networks” (QUANCOM) which aims to the realization of a metropolitan quantum communication network through the collaboration between universities, research centers and companies operating in the communication market area.
Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in COVID-19 convalescent blood using a coronavirus antigen microarray (2021)

The current practice for diagnosis of COVID-19, based on SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing of pharyngeal or respiratory specimens in a symptomatic patient at high epidemiologic risk, likely underestimates the true prevalence of infection. Serologic methods can more accurately estimate the disease burden by detecting infections missed by the limited testing performed to date. Here, we describe the validation of a coronavirus antigen microarray containing immunologically significant antigens from SARS-CoV-2, in addition to SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, common human coronavirus strains, and other common respiratory viruses. A comparison of antibody profiles detected on the array from control sera collected prior to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic versus convalescent blood specimens from virologically confirmed COVID-19 cases demonstrates near complete discrimination of these two groups, with improved performance from use of antigen combinations that include both spike protein and nucleoprotein. This array can be used as a diagnostic tool, as an epidemiologic tool to more accurately estimate the disease burden of COVID-19, and as a research tool to correlate antibody responses with clinical outcomes.
Quantifying the area at risk using the infarct lateral border: importance of infarct transmurality (2012)

Background The wavefront phenomenon describes the transmural progression of myocardial infarction (MI) from endocardium to epicardium with increasing ischemia duration. A corollary is once subendocardial MI has developed, the infarct lateral border (InfarctLatBor) delineates the Area-at-risk (AAR) lateral border, and thus, can be used to measure overall AAR size. However, with short ischemia time a confluent subendocardial layer of infarction may not develop, and InfarctLatBor may underestimate AAR size. The transmural extent of infarction necessary for InfarctLatBor to accurately reflect AAR size is unknown. In-vivo assessment of InfarctLatBor with delayedenhancement-CMR (DE-CMR) has been compared with surrogates of the AAR (ECG, angiographic scores, T2weighted-CMR). However, no comparison exists with a pathology-based truth standard of the AAR (i.e microspheres). We sought to examine: (1) on pathology studies, the threshold of infarct transmurality necessary for the InfarctLatBor to accurately delineate the AAR, and (2) the ability of in-vivo DE-CMR (via InfarctlatBor assessment) to quantify the AAR in comparison with pathology.
Latent common origin of bilateral filter and non-local means filter (2009)

The bilateral filter and the non-local means (NL-means) filter are known as very powerful nonlinear filters. The first contribution of this paper is to give a general framework which involves the bilateral filter and the NL-means filter. The general framework is derived based on Bayesian inference. Our analysis reveals that the range weight in the bilateral filter and the similarity measure in the NL-means filter are associated with a noise model or a likelihood distribution. The second contribution is to extend the bilateral filter and the NL-means filter for a general noise model. We also provide a filter classification. The filter classification framework clarifies the differences among existing filters and helps us to develop new filters. As example of future directions, we extend the bilateral filter and the NL-means filter for a general noise model. Both extended filters are theoretically and experimentally justified.