gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An overview of OFDM and related techniques towards development of future wireless multimedia communications (2003)

In future wireless broadband communication systems, to meet demands, data rates are expected to exceed several Mbps. Consequently, the delay time of the delayed waves can typically become greater than the duration of one symbol and delay spread handling by traditional adaptive equalization is not an easy task. OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) is a spectrum efficient kind of multicarrier transmission. Using OFDM-techniques makes it possible to reduce the effects of multipath fading and thus complex equalizers at the receiver side can be avoided. The principles, technology and limits of OFDM are introduced and discussed. Special attention is given to SNR-problems and to synchronization in time and frequency at the receiver. OFDM is a strong candidate for the future generation of wireless communications. The performance of an OFDM-based system is limited by the system speed and the synchronization-ability and also by the given antenna concept. Thus the required future communication performance is not obtained only by improvements of the OFDM-concept but also by advanced diversity techniques and adaptive antenna technology.
MON-917 Carney Complex Due to a Contiguous Gene Deletion Syndrome (17q24.2-17q24.3) (2020)

Abstract Background While genomic rearrangements of chromosome 17 are not uncommon, deletions of chromosome band 17q24.2-q24.3 are rare, and associated features include cardiac abnormalities, characteristic facial appearance, short stature, obesity, syndactyly, intellectual disability, seizures, delayed dentition, and features of Carney Complex. It has been suggested that the involvement of KCNJ2, PRKCA, CACNG gene cluster (CACNG1, CACNG4, CACNG5), and PRKAR1A genes contribute to this phenotype. A case of a child with a 3.7 Mb deletion at chromosome band 17q24.2-q24.3, as well as a 2.1 Mb gain at chromosome 17q22, is described. Clinical Case A now 6 year old female was born at 34 weeks gestational age with prenatal course complicated by oligohydramnios and intrauterine growth restriction. Birth weight was at the 9th percentile, and birth length was at the 92nd percentile. She was noted to have a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), poor suck and swallow, and dysmorphic features. Chromosome microarray revealed a 3.7 Mb deletion at Chromosome 17q24.2-q24.3, involving KCNJ2, PRKCA, CACNG gene cluster (CACNG1, CACNG4, CACNG5), and PRKAR1A, as well as a 2.1 Mb gain at Chromosome 17q22, involving C17orf112 and KIP2B. At 6 years old, she continues to be small for weight (-4.5 SDs), BMI (-4.22 SDs), and height (-2.5 SDs), though with appropriate pre-pubertal linear growth velocity. She is minimally verbal and continues to receive physical, occupational and speech therapies. Examination showed dysmorphic facial features, including triangular face with pointed chin, prominent forehead with low-set ears, retro-micrognathia, almond-shaped eyes with up-slanting palpebral fissures, bulbous nose, thin lips, and irregularly-shaped teeth. She had bilateral 5th digit clinodactyly, tapering of the distal aspects of bilateral first digits of the hands, and syndactyly of bilateral 2nd/3rd digits of the feet. She had scant freckling over the nasal bridge and cheeks, as well as freckles of the left arm, left groin, and back. She had no clinical stigmata of hypercortisolism. Echocardiogram continues to show a PDA with no cardiac myxomas. Thyroid ultrasound was normal. However, she does have mild hypercalcemia, most recently 2.61 mmol/L (2.15-2.55), and mildly elevated alkaline phosphatase of 341 U/L (96-297). Conclusion This case highlights a child with many of the previously reported findings associated with 17q24.2-q24.3 deletions. However, she also was noted to have a 2.1 Mb gain at chromosome 17q22 involving C17orf112 and KIP2B genes, which have not yet been associated with a clinical phenotype. It is therefore unclear if her phenotype is partially explained by the chromosomal gain. Clinicians should suspect a contiguous gene deletion syndrome in a patient with Carney Complex and atypical features. Patients with this condition have also been described as “Carney Complex-plus”, a term that we do not recommend be used.
Poly(styrene)-graft-/rhodamine 6G–fluoromica hybrids: synthesis, characterization and photophysical properties (2013)

Novel luminescent poly(styrene) (PS)-graft-/rhodamine 6G (R6G) dye–fluoromica clay hybrids have been synthesized and characterized by XRD, FTIR, TGA, DSC, SEC, UV-Vis, and continuous wave and time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopies. The materials have been prepared by a two-step process: (i) co-intercalation of a R6G and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidyloxy (TEMPO) based alkoxyamine cation within the clay layers and (ii) surface-initiated TEMPO-mediated polymerization of styrene. The final hybrid materials exhibit an improved thermal and chemical stability with respect to the pure R6G and higher solution-processability with respect to the pristine fluoromica, allowing for the fabrication of films suitable for optoelectronic applications. The coverage of the inorganic layer surface and the interlayer dye arrangement can be controlled by varying the employed amount of TEMPO and R6G, thus permitting us to tune the materials' photo-functions as proved by the photophysical characterization.
A Doubly N‐Fused Benzohexaphyrin and Its Rearrangement to a Fluorescent Macrocycle upon DDQ Oxidation (2005)

A retro-Diels–Alder reaction of a β-bicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene-fused precursor yields the doubly N-fused β-benzo[28]hexaphyrin(1.1.1.1.1.1) shown, which undergoes oxidative rearrangement upon treatment with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) to yield a macrocycle that emits fluorescence in the visible/near-IR region. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2005/z462815_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
One‐Step Generation of Core–Gap–Shell Microcapsules for Stimuli‐Responsive Biomolecular Sensing (2020)

Abstract The versatile design of stimuli‐responsive microparticles embedding valuable biomolecules has great potential in a variety of engineering fields, such as sensors, actuators, drug delivery, and catalysis. Here, results are reported on thermoresponsive core–gap–shell (TCGS) microcapsules made of poly( N ‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm), which encapsulate hydrophilic payloads in a simple and stable manner. These are realized by a one‐step microfluidic approach using the phase separation of a supersaturated aqueous solution of NIPAm. Various designs of the microcapsules are achieved by individual control of the swelling or by incorporating pH‐responsive comonomers of the inner core and outer shell. The gap, i.e., the space between the inner core and outer shell, can be loaded with cargo‐like nanoparticles. The outer shell can serve as a stimuli‐responsive gateway for the transport of smaller molecules from the external solution. It is shown that the TCGS microcapsules are suitable as temperature controllable glucose sensors and hold promise in the design of controllable enzymatic reactions. The proposed platform provides an avenue for developing a new‐generation of microparticles for diverse and efficient engineering applications.
Power Flow Fundamentals (2007)

Abstract The term “power flow” recognizes that a different technique is now used to determine the state of the power system. A more correct description is that a power flow solution is numerically found. The main output of such a solution is the power flow on all transmission and/or distribution devices. The power flow on each device is checked against the device flow capability to determine whether the device will stay within operationally accepted limits. Introductory Comments and Background Newton‐‐Raphson Method Using the Augmented Jacobian Matrix Example System Extensions
Neuropathic Pain: Mechanisms, Sex Differences, and Potential Therapies for a Global Problem (2023)

The study of chronic pain continues to generate ever-increasing numbers of publications, but safe and efficacious treatments for chronic pain remain elusive. Recognition of sex-specific mechanisms underlying chronic pain has resulted in a surge of studies that include both sexes. A predominant focus has been on identifying sex differences, yet many newly identified cellular mechanisms and alterations in gene expression are conserved between the sexes. Here we review sex differences and similarities in cellular and molecular signals that drive the generation and resolution of neuropathic pain. The mix of differences and similarities reflects degeneracy in peripheral and central signaling processes by which neurons, immune cells, and glia codependently drive pain hypersensitivity. Recent findings identifying critical signaling nodes foreshadow the development of rationally designed, broadly applicable analgesic strategies. However, the paucity of effective, safe pain treatments compels targeted therapies as well to increase therapeutic options that help reduce the global burden of suffering.
Multiple Autoepitope Presentation for Specific Detection of Antibodies in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (1992)

Antimitochondrial autoantibodies are present in sera from close to 95% of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. The so-called primary biliary cirrhosis-specific antigen, named M2, was found to be associated with an enzyme complex of the inner mitochondrial membrane and, more precisely, with the E2 component, dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase, of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. We recently established that an immunodominant epitope recognized in direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay by primary biliary cirrhosis M2+ sera, but not by non-primary biliary cirrhosis M2+ sera, could be mimicked by a synthetic peptide encompassing residues 167-184 of the E2 component and associated with lipoic acid. This fragment is present in the natural inner lipoyl-binding site of the human enzyme, and the presence of lipoic acid located on lysine 173 was found to be essential to allow IgG antibody binding. In this study we have improved the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test based on the synthetic peptide-lipoic acid conjugate by using a multiple antigen peptide system containing eight copies of the peptide as antigen. This approach avoids the use of a peptide conjugated to a carrier protein and was found to be particularly efficient because 23 of 27 primary biliary cirrhosis M2+ sera (85%) could be identified. A multiple antigen peptide without lipoic acid was not recognized by primary biliary cirrhosis antibodies. The peptide used in the multiple antigen peptide construction was a short 13-mer peptide encompassing a highly conserved sequence present in both the outer (residues 40-52) and the inner (residues 167-179) lipoyl-binding sites of the enzyme.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
ChemInform Abstract: Downsizing Synthesis (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Blood flow recovery from subsampled data in photoacoustic microscopy (2021)

Photo acoustic microscopy (PAM) achieves high contrast, intravital imaging of the microvasculature by utilizing the specificity of endogenous optical absorption. PAM has been further augmented by using loss of correlation (LoC) methods to image blood flow. However, estimating blood flow using LoC methods necessitates dense spatial sampling which increases laser fluence. To address concerns over the increase in laser fluence, we develop a sparse modeling algorithm to reconstruct blood flow in PAM from downsampled data. The proposed method is superior to reconstruction by bicubic interpolation, exhibiting an error of 5.6 ± 3.4% in vivo compared to 33.4 ± 32.7% for bicubic interpolation, for data downsampled eight times.
Multiscale Camera Objective with sub 2 Arcsec Resolution, 36 degree Field-of-View (2014)

Available glass blank sizes limit the scale of monocentric multiscale cameras. We describe and implement a double-Gauss pseudo-monocentric objective monocentric camera that is cheaper and lighter than monocentric or monolithic alternatives.
Quantification and Classification of Continuous Ceramic Fiber Reinforced Ceramic Matrix Composites Microstructures (2017)

Advance ceramic reinforced ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) materials exhibit hierarchical internal structure with rich details at multiple length scales of interest. These details of the materialsâ€™ internal structure are referred to as the microstructure which dictates the overall performance of the material. In this work, we show that a rigorous statistical quantification of the material internal structure (i.e. microstructure) is possible for CMCs. In particular, a 2-point spatial correlation function is shown to capture the spatial heterogeneity for the two different class of microstructures generated using Uniform and Gaussian distribution. Additionally, it is demonstrated how these stochastic representations of the distributed filaments can be imported into a finite element framework to simulated transverse cracking strength. The damage in these simulations in modeled using a novel Regularized eXtended Finite Element Method (Rx-FEM) that predicts damage initiation and propagation without a priori defining where that damage occurs.
Percutaneous Mechanical Thrombolysis (1991)

In vitro fragmentation of thrombi was performed with the Kensey catheter, the Bildsoe catheter, the Günther aspiration catheter, and two modified aspiration catheters in a model circuit under femoral and pulmonary artery flow conditions. In the femoral artery model all tested catheters worked sufficiently: particles larger than 1000 microns in the effluent comprised only 1.27% +/- 0.46% of the initial thrombus weight. In the treatment of larger thrombi (pulmonary artery model), the action of rotational aspiration devices, and in particular of the Bildsoe catheter, was limited: fibrin filaments winding around the rotating tip led to catheter obstruction. The Kensey catheter yielded best results in the fragmentation of large thrombi.
P119 Higher levels of infliximab may alleviate the need of azathioprine comedication in the treatment of patients with Crohn's disease: a SONIC post hoc analysis (2017)

Background: In SONIC (NCT00094458), pts with moderate-severe CD treated with infliximab (IFX) in combination with azathioprine (AZA) achieved higher corticosteroid-free remission at wk26 (CSFR26) vs IFX monotherapy (Colombel et al, 2010). It has been hypothesized that the enhanced benefit of combination therapy occurs via influence of AZA on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of IFX, & a shared mechanism of apoptosis for the 2 drugs. To better understand the value of combination therapy in the presence of different levels of IFX in pts with CD, the exposure-response (ER) relationships within serum IFX concentration (SIC) ranges were evaluated, with & without concomitant AZA. Methods: Data from 206 pts with trough SIC at wk30 were analyzed; 97 received IFX monotherapy & 109 received combination therapy with AZA.SIC were categorized into quartiles & proportion of pts achieving efficacy outcomes (CSFR26; mucosal healing at wk26 [MH26]) in each quartile were compared between the 2 treatment grps. Pt characteristics & presence of ATI in these quartiles were assessed. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC)of ER relationships were also compared. Results: While pts on combination therapy were enriched in higher SIC quartiles, proportions of pts achieving CSFR26 were not significantly greater among those receiving combination therapy vs monotherapy within the same quartile (Fig. 1). Contrary to what may be expected of an independent interaction, proportions of pts with CSFR26 while on monotherapy were almost twice those who achieved this endpoint on combination therapy in the lowest SIC quartile. Consistent with a drug-sensitive assay, ATI were found only in the lowest SIC quartile across both IFX treatment grps& within this quartile the incidence of ATI was higher among those on monotherapy (35.9%) vs. combination therapy (8.3%). No other notable differences in pt characteristics were seen among SIC quartile groups. In subgrp of pts evaluable for MH26 (n=123), numerically higher proportions of pts achieved MH26 in the combination grp relative to monotherapy particularly in lower two SIC quartiles; however, these differences were not statistically significant. Differences in ROC characteristics between both treatment grps could not be established. Figure 1. Q1: <0.84 μg/mL; Q2: 0.84 μg/mL to <2.36 μg/mL; Q3: 2.36 μg/mL to <5.02 μg/mL; Q4: ≥5.02 μg/mL. Conclusions: Within similar trough SIC ranges, clinical efficacy was not consistently greater with the addition of AZA to IFX. While there was some benefit seen with addition of AZA in MH, this was only notable in the 2 lower SIC quartiles. Overall, data suggests that the benefit of combination therapy is primarily due to AZA's influence on the PK of IFX.
De Novo Analysis of Peptide Tandem Mass Spectra by Spectral Graph Partitioning (2006)

We report on a new de novo peptide sequencing algorithm that uses spectral graph partitioning. In this approach, relationships between m/z peaks are represented by attractive and repulsive springs, and the vibrational modes of the spring system are used to infer information about the peaks (such as "likely b-ion" or "likely y-ion"). We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach by comparison with other de novo sequencers on test sets of ion-trap and QTOF spectra, including spectra of mixtures of peptides. On all datasets, we outperform the other sequencers. Along with spectral graph theory techniques, the new de novo sequencer EigenMS incorporates another improvement of independent interest: robust statistical methods for recalibration of time-of-flight mass measurements. Robust recalibration greatly outperforms simple least-squares recalibration, achieving about three times the accuracy for one QTOF dataset.
Coinage Metal−Ethylene Complexes Supported by Tris(pyrazolyl)borates: A Computational Study (2009)

Data from computational and experimental sources have been combined to address the bonding and structure of [RB(3-(R1),5-(R2)Pz)3]M(C2H4) complexes, where M = Cu, Ag, Au. A κ3 to κ2 distortion of the scorpionate ligand was also studied. NMR properties were deemed to be the most useful in assessing the nature of the bonding in these complexes. Using computational recipes, 13C chemical shifts accurately reproduced quantitative experimental values and trends as a function of metal, ligand, and substituent. Au−ethylene complexes are found to be substantially “less π-complex” (T-shaped structure) in their bonding description versus Ag and Cu congeners, although the former are by no means entirely metallacyclopropane in their constitution. Combining the present calculations with prior contributions to coinage metal bonding leads us to propose that similarity of molecular structure among a congeneric series of coinage metal complexes reflects a principally ionic coinage metal−ligand bonding regime, while dissimilarity of structure within the series reflects a primarily covalent bonding regime.
Noncontact thermometry via laser pumped, thermographic phosphors: Characterization of systematic errors and industrial applications (1987)

There are a growing number of industrial measurement situations that call for a high precision, noncontact method of thermometry. Our collaboration has been successful in developing one such method based on the laser-induced fluorescence of rare-earth-doped ceramic phosphors like Y/sub 2/O/sub 3/:Eu. In this paper, we summarize the results of characterization studies aimed at identifying the sources of systematic error in a laboratory-grade version of the method. We then go on to present data from measurements made in the afterburner plume of a jet turbine and inside an operating permanent magnet motor. 12 refs., 6 figs.
Myngle (2011)

Users often engage in tasks that span multiple personal devices. Although many current solutions exist to provide ubiquitous access to one's data, users continue to struggle with cross-device tasks. These solutions often require them to plan ahead for their information needs. In this paper, we present Myngle, a device-agnostic system that lets users quickly find the information they are looking for from previously visited web pages without having to plan ahead. Myngle provides a unified web history from multiple personal devices, and allows users to filter their history based on high-level categories influenced by common mobile information need categories (e.g., address, phone number). We evaluated Myngle with 32 users and found that our category-based method of filtering eases the burden of continuing cross-device tasks.
The Basic, Quantifiable Parameter of Dialysis Prescription Is Kt/V Urea; Treatment Time Is Determined by the Ultrafiltration Requirement; All Three Parameters Are of Equal Importance (2006)

There have only been two randomized controlled trials studying outcome as a function of dose in hemodialysis (HD). The first was the National Cooperative Dialysis Study which showed that adequate dialysis was achieved with spKt/V >1.00. The second study was HEMO which was originally designed to study spKt/V 1.2 compared to spKt/V 1.45. Unfortunately by the time HEMO was started, observational studies (OS) had convinced the nephrology community that the minimum adequate dose of spKt/V was 1.40, so the lower target was increased to 1.4 and the upper target to 1.7. The study showed no difference in outcome, although OS have now demonstrated that outcome improves up to spKt/v 2.00. Analysis of HEMO as treated showed that there is a fundamental flaw in dose-targeted OS in that the optimal dose always, but spuriously, increases as the studied dose increases due to dose-targeting bias. Similar flaws exist in the association of treatment time to outcome.
Using Pedometers for Measuring and Increasing Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents (2014)

The science and practice of step counting in children (typically aged 6-11 years) and adolescents (typically aged 12-19 years) has evolved rapidly over a relatively brief period with the commercial availability of research-grade pedometers and accelerometers. Recent reviews have summarized considerations for assessing physical activity using pedometers in young people (both children and adolescents), but 3 areas have received little attention: pedometer monitoring protocols, minimal (as opposed to optimal) step counts necessary for maintaining basal levels of health, and appropriate pedometer-based interventions for young people. Therefore, the objective of this review was to evaluate the current evidence and identify future research directions in these areas. The challenges of objective monitoring of physical activity in children and adolescents reinforce the importance of using protocols that minimize participant burden and the potential for tampering/reactivity. Evidence for a sedentary lifestyle cut point is limited; researchers are therefore encouraged to investigate several cut points (ie, &lt;5000, &lt;6000, &lt;7000 steps/d) in children and adolescents to identify the health consequences of very low levels of ambulatory activity. Personalized messages may be necessary for health behavior change in pedometer-based interventions, but there is a need for more high-quality studies to develop the existing evidence base.