gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Parallel storage and retrieval of pixmap images (2002)

To fulfill the requirement of rapid access to huge amounts of uncompressed pixmap image data, a parallel image server architecture is proposed, based on arrays of intelligent disk nodes, with each disk node composed of one processor and one disk. It is shown how images can be partitioned into extents and efficiently distributed among available intelligent disk nodes. The image server's performance is analyzed according to various parameters such as the number of cooperating disk nodes, the sizes of image file extents, the available communication throughput, and the processing power of disk node and image server processors. Important image access speed improvements are obtained by image extent caching and image part extraction in disk nodes. With T800 transputer-based technology, a system composed of eight disk nodes offers access to three full-color 512*512 pixmap image parts per second (2.4 megabytes per second). For the same configuration but with the recently announced T9000 transputer, image access throughput is eight images per second (6.8 megabytes per second).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Dimension reduction for distance-based indexing (2010)

Distance-based indexing exploits only the triangle inequality to answer similarity queries in metric spaces. Lacking of coordinate structure, mathematical tools in Rn can only be applied indirectly, making it difficult for theoretical study in metric space indexing. Toward solving this problem, we formalize a "pivot space model" where data is mapped from metric space to Rn, preserving all the pair wise distances under Linfin;. With this model, it can be shown that the indexing problem in metric space can be equivalently studied in Rn. Further, we show the necessity of dimension reduction for Rn and that the only effective form of dimension reduction is to select existing dimensions, i.e. pivot selection. The coordinate structure of Rn makes the application of many mathematical tools possible. In particular, Principle Component Analysis (PCA) is incorporated into a heuristic method for pivot selection and shown to be effective over a large range of workloads. We also show that PCA can be used to reliably measure the intrinsic dimension of a metric-space.
Internal Friction and Shear Modulus of Graphene Films (2012)

We report internal friction and shear modulus measurements of several types of synthesized graphene films. They include reduced graphene oxide, chemical-vapor deposited (CVD) graphene films on thin nickel films and on copper foils. These films were transferred from their host substrate into a water bath, and re-deposited onto to a high-Q single crystal silicon mechanical double-paddle oscillator. A minimal thickness dependence of both internal friction and shear modulus was found for reduced graphene oxide films varying thickness from 4 to 90 nm and CVD graphene films on nickel from 6 to 8 nm. The shear modulus of these multilayered films averages 53 GPa. Their internal friction exhibits a temperature independent plateau below 10K. The values of the plateaus are similar for both the reduced graphene oxide films and CVD graphene films on nickel, and they are as high as the universal "glassy range" where the tunneling states dominated internal friction of amorphous solids lies. In contrast, CVD graphene films on copper foils are 90~95% single layer. The shear modulus of these single layer graphene films are about five times higher, averaging 280 GPa. Their low temperature internal friction is too small to measure within the uncertainty of our experiments. Our results demonstrate the dramatic difference in the elastic properties of multilayer and single layer graphene films.
Data Augmentation for Cross-Domain Named Entity Recognition (2021)

Current work in named entity recognition (NER) shows that data augmentation techniques can produce more robust models. However, most existing techniques focus on augmenting in-domain data in low-resource scenarios where annotated data is quite limited. In contrast, we study cross-domain data augmentation for the NER task. We investigate the possibility of leveraging data from high-resource domains by projecting it into the low-resource domains. Specifically, we propose a novel neural architecture to transform the data representation from a high-resource to a low-resource domain by learning the patterns (e.g. style, noise, abbreviations, etc.) in the text that differentiate them and a shared feature space where both domains are aligned. We experiment with diverse datasets and show that transforming the data to the low-resource domain representation achieves significant improvements over only using data from high-resource domains.
A Miniaturized UV-LED Based Optical Gas Sensor Utilizing Silica Waveguides for the Measurement of Nitrogen Dioxide and Sulphur Dioxide (2017)

Continuing advances in the development of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in the deep ultraviolet spectral range (DUV) enable miniaturized, mobile, and cost-effective DUV gas sensors. Efficient light coupling, guiding, and splitting plays a key role for stable sensor systems and is realized by lowloss silica based waveguides, fabricated by ultrashort pulsed laser etching and laser polishing. The tapered waveguide leads to a significantly higher efficiency with less required space compared to optical fibers or free beam setups, respectively. Toxic gases like NO2 and SO2 were successfully measured down to 1 ppm utilizing LEDs with wavelengths of 395 nm and 280 nm.
The Direct Synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide Using Platinum‐Promoted Gold–Palladium Catalysts (2014)

Abstract The direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide offers a potentially green route to the production of this important commodity chemical. Early studies showed that Pd is a suitable catalyst, but recent work indicated that the addition of Au enhances the activity and selectivity significantly. The addition of a third metal using impregnation as a facile preparation method was thus investigated. The addition of a small amount of Pt to a CeO 2 ‐supported AuPd (weight ratio of 1:1) catalyst significantly enhanced the activity in the direct synthesis of H 2 O 2 and decreased the non‐desired over‐hydrogenation and decomposition reactions. The addition of Pt to the AuPd nanoparticles influenced the surface composition, thus leading to the marked effects that were observed on the catalytic formation of hydrogen peroxide. In addition, an experimental approach that can help to identify the optimal nominal ternary alloy compositions for this reaction is demonstrated.
Expression of Human CXCR2 in Murine Neutrophils as a Model for Assessing Cytomegalovirus Chemokine vCXCL-1 Function In Vivo (2004)

Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) (Toledo strain) produces a potent chemokine (vCXCL-1) that specifically recognizes human (Hu)CXCR2, one of two human CXCL8 (IL8) receptors found on peripheral blood neutrophils. Thioglycollate-elicited neutrophils from BALB/c mice failed to respond to vCXCL-1 while retaining the capacity to respond to known murine (Mu) CXCR2 ligands, such as hCXCL8 (IL8) and mCXCL1 (KC). A transgenic mouse expressing hCXCR2 under the control of a neutrophil-specific promoter (human myeloid-related protein-8) was generated. Resting or activated neutrophils from transgenic mice were found to express hCXCR2 and to respond to vCXCL-1. vCXCL-1 induced a specific calcium flux and chemotaxis of these cells. Expression of the functional vCXCL-1 receptor in mice will facilitate investigations of the role vCXCL-1 plays during viral infection of an intact host animal. In addition, this work demonstrates the remarkable species specificity of a potent viral chemokine.
J164014 Design of a Rehabilitation Robot Suit with Mechanical Safety Devices : Detailed Design (2013)

Safety is one of the most important issues in rehabilitation robot suits. We have presented a rehabilitation robot suit equipped with two hardware-based safety devices. The robot suit assists a knee joint of a patient. The safety devices consist of only mechanical components without actuators, controllers, or batteries. We call one device the "velocity-based safety device" and the other device the "torque-based safety device". We expect that the safety devices guarantee the safety even if the computer does not work. In this paper, we firstly review the rehabilitation robot suit equipped with the safety devices. Secondly, we present experimental results to verify the effectiveness of the prototype safety devices. Finally, we describe the design details of a rehabilitation robot taking into consideration the experimental results.
Does Acetabular Inclination Angle Affect Survivorship of Alumina-ceramic Articulations? (2010)

Although there may be a link between acetabular inclination angles and wear rates as reported by some authors, we found no differences in patient function or radiographic survivorship using alumina-on-alumina articulations.
Prototyping Concurrent Systems with Agents and Artifacts: Framework and Core Calculus (2008)

More and more aspects of concurrency and concurrent programming are becoming part of mainstream programming and software engineering, due to several factors such as the widespread availability of multi-core / parallel architectures and Internet-based systems. Besides the typical fine-grained support currently provided, however, we seek in this paper for an higher-level approach. We present simpA, a library-based extension of Java which provides programmers with agent and artifact abstractions on top of the basic OO layer, as a means to organise and structure concurrent applications. To pave the way towards identifying a true language extension for simpA, we define a core calculus of agents and artifacts, by suitabling mixing techniques coming from object-orientation and concurrency theory.
ChemInform Abstract: Reductive Cyclization of Ethyl 3‐Allyloxy‐2‐bromopropionates with Chromium(II) Acetate to Form Tetrahydrofurans. (1990)

Abstract Bromoalkoxylation of the ethoxyacrylate (II) with the allylic alcohols (I) and N‐bromosuccinimide yields the β‐(allyloxy)‐α‐bromocarboxylates (III) which are cyclized upon treatment with chromium(II) acetate, producing the tetrahydrofurans (IV).
DVB-T signal over cable TV network and phase noise requirements (2002)

We study the quality of terrestrial digital video broadcasting (DVB-T) transmission over a cable TV network. Generally, when terrestrial digital TV signals are distributed by cable TV, a conversion from DVB-T (OFDM) to DVB-C (single carrier) is needed in the head-end. In order to avoid this costly conversion and to transmit the DVB-T signal directly in the existent cable channel, many requirements have to be satisfied. It is known that phase noise represents the main limitation for OFDM based systems. In this contribution, we demonstrate the sensitivity of the OFDM system to phase noise effects by using a dynamic model for the CATV channel. We conclude by giving the specifications for a converter that should allow the DVB-T system to function in the CATV network.
Metastin (KiSS-1) Mimetics Identified from Peptide Structure−Activity Relationship-Derived Pharmacophores and Directed Small Molecule Database Screening (2007)

Metastin, also known as KiSS-1, the cognate ligand for the metastin receptor GPR54, is a peptide known to dramatically reduce metastasis in experimental models. Despite this, there is no reported structure for metastin nor any small molecule modulators of metastin function that could be used either clinically or experimentally. Here we report the NMR solution structure of a 13-residue metastin peptide in a membrane-like environment (SDS micelles) and find it to have a relatively stable helix conformation from residues 7 to 13. In assays for metastin receptor binding and calcium flux with receptor-transfected HEK-293 cells, we demonstrate through alanine scanning and amino acid substitutions that the peptide C-terminus shows helix periodicity in an NMR structural model and that Phe9, Arg12, and Phe13 are crucial to the activity of the peptide. These three residues lie on one face of the helix and define a pharmacophore site for metastin. We used these pharmacophore features in small molecule database searches to identify hits with submicromolar affinity for the metastin receptor. We also show here that molecules mimicking key elements of this pharmacophore site bind to the metastin receptor and act as full agonists, albeit with reduced potency compared to that of metastin itself. Together this structure-activity approach may yield pharmacologically useful compounds relevant in defining and modulating metastin receptor function.
Trajectory correction enables Free running cardiac DIXON at 3T (2023)

Free-running cardiac DIXON-MRI has potential for T2*/PDFF quantification to explore cardiac fat accumulation and alteration in metabolic diseases. DIXON at 3T suffers from rapid fat-water phase accrual and inhomogeneous B0. Consequently, bipolar echoes, as opposed to monopolar, are required to achieve equal/shorter than in-phase/out-of-phase echo spacing. However, distortions occur between even and odd echoes due to gradients imperfections. Thus, the existing framework was extended with a k-space trajectory correction based on gradient impulse response function(GIRF). Both monopolar or bipolar echoes without GIRF correction resulted in fat-water swaps and unreliable quantitative maps, that were resolved using GIRF-corrected bipolar free-running DIXON.
Simulation study to optimize the number of photo-detection faces and inter-crystal materials for the X'tal cube PET detector (2012)

We are developing a novel PET detector with 3D isotropic resolution, the X'tal cube. Our original idea was to cover all 6 surfaces of a segmented crystal block with multi-pixel photon counters (MPPCs) for effective scintillation photon acquisition. On the other hand, modification toward practical use is important in terms of assembling efficiency and production costs. In addition, when the X'tal cubes are arranged to form a PET scanner, insensitive inter-detector gaps made by the MPPC arrays should not be too wide or better yet, they should be removed. Therefore, reducing the number of faces to be connected to the MPPCs has become our top priority. In this paper, we evaluated the effect of reducing the number of MPPCs on positioning accuracy through numerical simulations. We optimized the X'tal cube in terms of the gap material of crystal segments and the number of MPPC connection faces. We simulated the X'tal cube with (3.0 mm) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> crystal segments; the crystal block was composed of 6 × 6 × 6 array of (3.0 mm) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> LGSO crystals. Each surface of the crystal block was covered with a 4 × 4 array of MPPCs, each of which had a 3.0 × 3.0 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> active area. Outer surfaces of the crystal block, except for the partitions that the MPPCs were arranged on, were covered with reflectors. For material between crystal elements, we compared optical glue and air gap. The air gap showed better crystal identification performance than the optical glue, although good crystal identification performance was obtained even with optical glue for the 6-face MPPC connection. We showed that the number of MPPC connection faces could be reduced to two when the gap material was air.
Poly(vinyl alcohol)‐methacrylate with CRGD peptide: A photocurable biocompatible hydrogel (2021)

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based hydrogels are promising biomaterials for tissue engineering printing applications. However, one of their main disadvantages is their inability to support cell attachment, which is a critical feature for the preparation of biological scaffolds. The goal of this study was to develop a printable, cell-supportive PVA-based bioink with tunable mechanical properties, without using animal-derived polymers which potentially harbor human pathogens. An ultraviolet light (UV) curable PVA-methacrylate (PVA-MA) polymer mixed with Cys-Arg-Gly-Asp (CRGD) peptide was developed. This peptide holds the integrin receptor binding sequence - RGD, that can enhance cell attachment. The additional cysteine was designed to enable its thiol binding under UV to methacrylate groups of the UV curable PVA-MA. Vero cell, as an adherent cell model was used to assess the hydrogel's cell adhesion. It was found that the PVA-MA-CRGD formula enables the preparation of hydrogels with excellent cell attachment and had even shown superior cell attachment properties relative to added gelatin. Adding hyaluronic acid (HA) as a rheologic modulator enabled the printing of this new formula. Our overall data demonstrates the applicability of this mixture as a bioink for soft tissue engineering such as skin, adipose, liver or kidney tissue.
A Transformational Characterization of Equivalent Bayesian Network Structures (2013)

We present a simple characterization of equivalentBayesian network structures based on local transformations. The significance of the characterization is twofold. First, we are able to easily proveseveral new invariant properties of theoretical interest for equivalent structures. Second, we use the characterization to derive an efficient algorithm that identifies all of the compelled edges in a structure. Compelled edge identification is of particular importance for learning Bayesian network structures from data because these edges indicate causal relationships when certain assumptions hold. 1
CYSEP -- a cyber-security processor for 10Gbps networks and beyond (2005)

In this paper, we describe the architecture of a cyber-security processor (CYSEP) which can serve as a key module for enhancing security for high-speed networks/ systems. The CYSEP supports, at wire-speed, four major functions, namely, firewall/ intrusion detection, encryption/decryption, message authentication, and distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack protection. The CYSEP is to be implemented on an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) with the state-of-art CMOS 0.18-micron technology and expected to operate at 10 Gbit/s or higher, Massive parallelism and pipelining techniques are to be employed in the ASIC to achieve the 10 Gbit/s wire-speed operation.
Property tailoring of phenol–formaldehyde matrices by control of reactant molar ratio and thermoplastic modification (2011)

Abstract High modulus, strength and thermal stability make phenol–formaldehyde resins (PFRs) interesting as matrices for nanocomposites. Four PFR matrices synthesized with different formaldehyde (F) to phenol (P) molar ratios were investigated, as well as the influence of thermoplastic modification on their mechanical properties. The effectiveness of a specific curing cycle for obtaining macrovoid‐ and microvoid‐free specimens by controlling the thickness of samples is demonstrated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results reveal that F content increases the presence of oxidized linkages as benzophenones and fully substituted aromatic structures. PFR matrices with highest F content present the highest values of main transition temperature and flexural modulus up to an F/P ratio of 1.8, revealing the achievement of a densely crosslinked and rigid structure. A selected PFR matrix was modified with 5, 10 and 15 wt% of two poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) thermoplastics of differing molecular weight. Phase separation occurs before gelation in all cases leading to different morphologies, observed using atomic force microscopy and optical microscopy, depending on PVB content: PVB‐rich particles in PFR‐rich matrix for 5 wt% and co‐continuous dual morphology for 10 and 15 wt% for both PVBs. Strength improvement is achieved for PFR matrices modified with 5 wt% of PVB associated with a tailored particulate morphology with a particle size of around 1.2 µm. Finally, 5 and 10 wt% PVB‐modified PFR materials exhibit a very high thermal stability with degradation temperatures very close to those for neat PFR matrix. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Spherical Similarity Explorer for Comparative Case Analysis (2016)

Comparative Case Analysis (CCA) is an important tool for criminal investigation and crime theory extraction. It analyzes the commonalities and differences between a collection of crime reports in order to understand crime patterns and identify abnormal cases. A big challenge of CCA is the data processing and exploration. Traditional manual approach can no longer cope with the increasing volume and complexity of the data. In this paper we introduce a novel visual analytics system, Spherical Similarity Explorer (SSE) that automates the data processing process and provides interactive visualizations to support the data exploration. We illustrate the use of the system with uses cases that involve real world application data and evaluate the system with criminal intelligence analysts.
The role of short‐term grass pollen exposure in food skin‐prick test reactivity, food allergy, and eczema flares in children (2022)

Increasing grass pollen concentration was associated with increased risk of food SPT reactivity and eczema flares in children. The associations in peanut-allergic infants may be related to immune activation and/or peanut and grass pollen cross-reactivity leading to a lower reaction threshold.
Discovery of Novel Adenosine Receptor Agonists That Exhibit Subtype Selectivity (2016)

A series of N(6)-bicyclic and N(6)-(2-hydroxy)cyclopentyl derivatives of adenosine were synthesized as novel A1R agonists and their A1R/A2R selectivity assessed using a simple yeast screening platform. We observed that the most selective, high potency ligands were achieved through N(6)-adamantyl substitution in combination with 5'-N-ethylcarboxamido or 5'-hydroxymethyl groups. In addition, we determined that 5'-(2-fluoro)thiophenyl derivatives all failed to generate a signaling response despite showing an interaction with the A1R. Some selected compounds were also tested on A1R and A3R in mammalian cells revealing that four of them are entirely A1R-selective agonists. By using in silico homology modeling and ligand docking, we provide insight into their mechanisms of recognition and activation of the A1R. We believe that given the broad tissue distribution, but contrasting signaling profiles, of adenosine receptor subtypes, these compounds might have therapeutic potential.
A Flat Lens with Tunable Phase Gradient by Using Random Access Reconfigurable Metamaterial (2015)

The first demonstration of an optofluidic metamaterial is reported where resonant properties of every individual metamolecule can be continuously tuned at will using a microfluidic system. This is called a random-access reconfigurable metamaterial, which is used to provide the first demonstration of a tunable flat lens with wavefront-reshaping capabilities.
Renormalization of resonant tunneling in MOSFETs (2003)

We study tunneling between a localized defect state and a conduction band in the presence of strong electron-electron and electron-phonons interactions. We derive the tunneling rate as a function of the position of the defect energy level relative to the Fermi energy of conduction electrons. We argue that our results can explain the large tunneling timescales observed in experiments on random telegraph signals in ${\rm Si}$ metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors.