gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Non-resonant Nanoscale Extreme Light Confinement (2014)

A wide spectrum of photonics activities Sandia is engaged in such as solid state lighting, photovoltaics, infrared imaging and sensing, quantum sources, rely on nanoscale or ultrasubwavelength light-matter interactions (LMI). The fundamental understanding in confining electromagnetic power and enhancing electric fields into ever smaller volumes is key to creating next generation devices for these programs. The prevailing view is that a resonant interaction (e.g. in microcavities or surface-plasmon polaritions) is necessary to achieve the necessary light confinement for absorption or emission enhancement. Here we propose new paradigm that is non-resonant and therefore broadband and can achieve light confinement and field enhancement in extremely small areas [~(λ/500)^2 ]. The proposal is based on a theoretical work[1] performed at Sandia. The paradigm structure consists of a periodic arrangement of connected small and large rectangular slits etched into a metal film named double-groove (DG) structure. The degree of electric field enhancement and power confinement can be controlled by the geometry of the structure. The key operational principle is attributed to quasistatic response of the metal electrons to the incoming electromagnetic field that enables non-resonant broadband behavior. For this exploratory LDRD we have fabricated some test double groove structures to enable verification of quasistatic electronic response in the mid IR through IR optical spectroscopy. We have addressed some processing challenges in DG structure fabrication to enable future design of complex sensor and detector geometries that can utilize its non-resonant field enhancement capabilities.].
Estrogen Stimulation of Proinflammatory Cytokine and Matrix Metalloproteinase Gene Expression in Human Corneal Epithelial Cells (2005)

Our findings show that 17beta-estradiol increases the expression of inflammatory genes in human corneal epithelial cells. This hormone action may play an etiologic role in the ocular surface inflammation of dry eye.
Electron-beam-addressed spatial-light-modulator-based holography (2002)

Holographic information extracted by two-dimensional active optical heterodyne scanning has been demonstrated recently. The technique is called optical scanning holography (OSH). To reconstruct the obtainable holographic information, digital techniques have been used and demonstrated. For real-time applications, spatial-light-modulator-based systems need to be investigated. In this paper, we present experimental results of three-dimensional image reconstruction using an electron-beam-addressed spatial light modulator (EBSLM). To demonstrate that depth information is stored in a hologram recorded using the OSH system, a single hologram was recorded of two transparencies at different depths. The 3-D image was optically reconstructed at different depths in order to demonstrate how a single plane can be brought into focus, effectively reconstructing the 3-D object. We reiterate that with the OSH system, only a single 2-D raster scan is required to store the 3-D information. The advantages of the OSH are for generating holograms of large-scale objects owing to the inherent qualities of scanning, efficient light utilization and ambient light rejection.
Singularities and noise discrimination with wavelets (1992)

One can detect and characterize the singularities of a signal from the evolution of the wavelet transform coefficients across scales. The authors discriminate signal information from noise by using some prior knowledge of the properties of singularities. The wavelet transform of the signal is processed in order to remove the singularities created by the noise. The authors restore a sharp signal where part of the noise has been suppressed. Examples in one and two dimensions are shown.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A simple inexpensive method for obtaining infrared spectra of air-sensitive solutions (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA simple inexpensive method for obtaining infrared spectra of air-sensitive solutionsTobin J. Marks Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1971, 48, 3, 167Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1971Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 March 1971Published inissue 1 March 1971https://doi.org/10.1021/ed048p167RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views375Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (361 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Application of clustering techniques to electron-diffraction data: determination of unit-cell parameters (2012)

A new approach to determining the unit-cell vectors from single-crystal diffraction data based on clustering analysis is proposed. The method uses the density-based clustering algorithm DBSCAN. Unit-cell determination through the clustering procedure is particularly useful for limited tilt sequences and noisy data, and therefore is optimal for single-crystal electron-diffraction automated diffraction tomography (ADT) data. The unit-cell determination of various materials from ADT data as well as single-crystal X-ray data is demonstrated.
Precise control of intracellular drug release and anti-tumor activity of biodegradable micellar drugs via reduction-sensitive shell-shedding (2012)

The reduction-sensitive shedding of hydrophilic shells has recently emerged as a simple, effective and general approach to achieve markedly improved intracellular drug release from micelles. Here, the effects of disulfide content on reduction-sensitivity, triggered drug release and the anti-tumor activity of shell-sheddable micelles self-assembled from a mixture of reducible poly(ethylene glycol)–SS–poly(ε-caprolactone) (PEG–SS–PCL) and non-reducible poly(ethylene glycol)–poly(ε-caprolactone) (PEG–PCL) block copolymers were systematically investigated. Interestingly, in contrast to the rapid aggregation of PEG–SS–PCL micelles, mixed micelles containing 10–90 wt% PEG–PCL displayed little size change in response to 10 mM dithiothreitol (DTT). The in vitro release studies showed that under intracellular-mimicking reductive environments, the doxorubicin (DOX) release rate increased with increasing PEG–SS–PCL content in the micelles, in which about 29.4, 42.7, 77.9 and 86.9% DOX was released within 12 h from micelles containing 30, 50, 70 and 90 wt% PEG–SS–PCL, respectively. In contrast, DOX release was limited (<20%) under non-reductive physiological conditions. Notably, flow cytometry displayed clear correlation between cellular DOX levels and PEG–SS–PCL content in DOX-loaded micelles. Moreover, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) observations indicated progressively stronger DOX fluorescence in RAW 264.7 cells following 12 h treatment with DOX-loaded micelles containing increasing PEG–SS–PCL contents. In addition, MTT assays in RAW 264.7 cells showed that the cytotoxicity of DOX-loaded micelles was augmented proportionally to PEG–SS–PCL content, signifying the role of reduction-triggered “active” drug release in cells. These results have shown that the intracellular drug release and therefore anti-tumor activity of micellar drugs can be precisely controlled by the extent of reduction-triggered shedding of hydrophilic shells.
Elucidation of the structures of olivoretin B and C. (1984)

The structures of olivoretin B and C were established by X-ray analysis as III and IV respectively. In the crystal olivoretin C was a random mixture of conformers A and B existing in the ratio of 1 : 1. The two conformers in the crystal are concerned with the cyclohexene ring conformation.
TrackNet: Simultaneous Object Detection and Tracking and Its Application in Traffic Video Analysis (2019)

Object detection and object tracking are usually treated as two separate processes. Significant progress has been made for object detection in 2D images using deep learning networks. The usual tracking-by-detection pipeline for object tracking requires that the object is successfully detected in the first frame and all subsequent frames, and tracking is done by associating detection results. Performing object detection and object tracking through a single network remains a challenging open question. We propose a novel network structure named trackNet that can directly detect a 3D tube enclosing a moving object in a video segment by extending the faster R-CNN framework. A Tube Proposal Network (TPN) inside the trackNet is proposed to predict the objectness of each candidate tube and location parameters specifying the bounding tube. The proposed framework is applicable for detecting and tracking any object and in this paper, we focus on its application for traffic video analysis. The proposed model is trained and tested on UA-DETRAC, a large traffic video dataset available for multi-vehicle detection and tracking, and obtained very promising results.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Transcriptional Programs following Genetic Alterations in <i>p53</i>, <i>INK4A</i>, and <i>H-Ras</i> Genes along Defined Stages of Malignant Transformation (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Transcriptional Programs following Genetic Alterations in &lt;i&gt;p53&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;INK4A&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;H-Ras&lt;/i&gt; Genes along Defined Stages of Malignant Transformation
The Contingent Meaning of Neighborhood Stability for Residents' Psychological Well-Being (2000)

nities and the individuals who live in them, and may be especially beneficial in poor neighborhoods. In contrast, a social isolation perspective proposes that neighborhood stability has negative effects on residents'psychological well-being in economically disadvantaged neighborhoods. This analysis of multilevel data-data in which survey information from a representative sample of Illinois residents is linked to census-tract information about poverty and stability in their neighborhoodsupports a social isolation perspective. In affluent neighborhoods, stability is associated with low levels of distress; under conditions of poverty the opposite is true. In part this occurs because residents of poor, stable neighborhoods face high levels of disorder in their neighborhoods. Stability does not reduce perceived disorder under conditions of poverty, as it does in more affluent neighborhoods, which leaves residents feeling powerless to leave a dangerous place. Finally, the negative effects of poor, stable neighborhoods on residents'psychological well-being do not stem from a lack of social ties among neighbors. N EIGHBORHOOD stability traditionally has been heralded as a boon to quality of life, but stability's influence may not always be positive. We extend the research on neighborhood stability by showing how the benefits of stability for individual psychological well-being depend on the local economic context. We make three contributions. First, we directly assess residents' psychological distress, measured as depression and anxiety. We depart from the tradition of considering crime as the ultimate outcome and instead examine the effects of neighborhood stability and poverty on the psychological well-being of residents. Second, we examine the effects of residential stability across different types of neighborhoods because the effect of neighborhood stability on psychological well-being may depend on economic context. Third, we investigate whether physical and social disorder in the neighborhood mediates the joint effect of neighborhood stability and poverty on distress because disorder influences residents' perceptions that they are powerless to leave a threatening and dangerous environment.
388: Clinical T3 Prostate Cancer Treated with Radical Prostatectomy: Pathological and long-term Outcomes (2007)

You have accessJournal of UrologyModerated Poster 12, Sunda~May20,2007 1:00 - 3:00 pm1 Apr 2007388: Clinical T3 Prostate Cancer Treated with Radical Prostatectomy: Pathological and long-term Outcomes Claudio Jeldres, Andrea Gallina, Jochen Walz, Vincenzo Scattoni, James A. Eastham, Peter T. Scardino, Eric A. Klein, Alwyn M. Reuther, Fred Saad, Francesco Montorsi, Patrizio Rigatti, Markus Graefen, Hartwig Huland, and Pierre I. Karakiewicz Claudio JeldresClaudio Jeldres More articles by this author , Andrea GallinaAndrea Gallina More articles by this author , Jochen WalzJochen Walz More articles by this author , Vincenzo ScattoniVincenzo Scattoni More articles by this author , James A. EasthamJames A. Eastham More articles by this author , Peter T. ScardinoPeter T. Scardino More articles by this author , Eric A. KleinEric A. Klein More articles by this author , Alwyn M. ReutherAlwyn M. Reuther More articles by this author , Fred SaadFred Saad More articles by this author , Francesco MontorsiFrancesco Montorsi More articles by this author , Patrizio RigattiPatrizio Rigatti More articles by this author , Markus GraefenMarkus Graefen More articles by this author , Hartwig HulandHartwig Huland More articles by this author , and Pierre I. KarakiewiczPierre I. Karakiewicz More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)30641-4AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "388: Clinical T3 Prostate Cancer Treated with Radical Prostatectomy: Pathological and long-term Outcomes." The Journal of Urology, 177(4S), p. 129 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 177Issue 4SApril 2007Page: 129 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Claudio Jeldres More articles by this author Andrea Gallina More articles by this author Jochen Walz More articles by this author Vincenzo Scattoni More articles by this author James A. Eastham More articles by this author Peter T. Scardino More articles by this author Eric A. Klein More articles by this author Alwyn M. Reuther More articles by this author Fred Saad More articles by this author Francesco Montorsi More articles by this author Patrizio Rigatti More articles by this author Markus Graefen More articles by this author Hartwig Huland More articles by this author Pierre I. Karakiewicz More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Solubility of CO2 in aqueous solution of newly developed absorbents (2009)

The solubility of CO2 in various aqueous amine based solvents was determined at lower CO2 partial pressures. Cyclic capacity of various potential aqueous amine based solvents at 10 kPa CO2 partial pressure was determined by performing CO2 absorption at 30 ∘C, regeneration at 90oC and at 1 atmosphere. 1,7-Diaminoheptane and 1,6Hexanediamine, N,N’-dimethyl was found to be having high cyclic loading of 0.81 and 0.85 moles CO2/moles amine respectively. Aqueous solution of 1,6-Hexanediamine, N,N’-dimethyl of 0.5 and 2.55 Mole/L concentration was selected for solubility study of CO2 at different partial pressure ranging from 1 up to 40 kPa, 30 ∘C and at 1 atmosphere. The solubilities of CO2 in aqueous 1,6-Hexanediamine, N,N’-dimethyl at 30oC were compared with those in aqueous solution of MEA with similar solution concentrations. The solubility of CO2 in 2.55 Mole/L 1,6Hexanediamine, N,N’-dimethyl was found to be higher when compared to the 2.5 Mole/L MEA at lower CO2 partial pressure.
Suppression of Toxic Compounds Produced in the Decomposition of Lithium-Ion Battery Electrolytes (2004)

Liquid electrolytes typically used in commercial lithium-ion batteries are composed of lithium hexafluorophosphate in carbonate solvents. This electrolyte undergoes thermal decomposition at moderately elevated temperatures (80-100°C), encountered in the normal operation of these rechargeable power sources, to quantitatively generate highly toxic alkylfluorophosphates. The decomposition occurs via an autocatalytic mechanism initiated by trace impurities of water or alcohol. The thermal decomposition is inhibited in the presence of lithium metal oxides frequently used as the cathode of lithium-ion batteries or Lewis basic additives. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Novel 4‐Heteroaryl‐Antipyrines as DPP‐IV Inhibitors (2015)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a vast growing progressive disease that almost affects one person among every twelve globally. Regardless the availability of wide variety of oral hypoglycemics, only one-third of patients achieves proper glycemic control. With the advantage of the low risk of hypoglycemia, DPP-IV attracted the attention of medicinal chemists as a new target for oral hypoglycemics. In this report, a lead compound 1, with antipyrine scaffold, was obtained, and its binding mode was calculated. Several derivatives with bridged nitrogenous heterocycles have been synthesized via multicomponent reaction under controlled microwave heating conditions. The antidiabetic activity versus DPP-IV protein was evaluated and compared with sitagliptin. Compounds with smaller- or medium-sized nitrogenous bridges were comparable with sitagliptin in terms of DPP-IV inhibitory activity, potentially via targeting Glu203 and Glu204. The oral hypoglycemic activities of compounds with submicromolar IC50 values were further evaluated using diabetic mouse model.
Congenital permanent diabetes: a different type of diabetes? (1996)

Congenital permanent diabetes is an extremely rare entity that differs from type I or type II diabetes. Our patients have a unique disorder with isolated beta cell defect and no additional manifestations. Autosomal recessive inheritance is suggested.
Mehrfachbindungen zwischen Hauptgruppenelementen und Übergangsmetallen, CXIV. Organorhenium(VII)‐oxide (1993)

Multiple Bonds between Main Group Elements and Transition Metals, CXIV. — Organorhenium(VII) Oxides Alkylrhenium(VII) oxides of formulae RReO 3 and RReO 3 · L (L = quinuclidine) result from dirhenium heptaoxide and dialkylzinc compounds at low temperatures in THF solution. Unbranched, noncyclic organorhenium oxides prove to be less thermolabile than branched‐chain derivatives, with the thermal stability decreasing with increasing chain length. Complexes with branched carbon chains normally can be isolated as 1:1 adducts of a nitrogen base, e.g. quinuclidine. A first chiral alkylmetal oxide and base‐stabilized cyclopropyltrioxorhenium(VII) are also described.
Quasi-two-dimensional conducting layer on TiO2 (110) introduced by sputtering as a template for resistive switching (2013)

The insulator-to-metal transformation in the surface layer of TiO2 (110) induced by the Ar+ ion sputtering process is analyzed on the nanoscale. Local conductivity atomic force microscopy and photoelectron spectroscopy allow the changes in the valence of the Ti ions in the surface layer to be linked to the formation of its grain-like structure. The investigation of the cleavage plane of the crystal allowed us to estimate the thickness of the quasi-two-dimensional conducting layer generated by ion bombardment as 30 nm. The conducting layer is a template where the resistive switching of each single grain can be carried out.
Depth Profiling of Chemical and Electronic Structures and Defects of Ultrathin HfSiON on Si(100) (2006)

We present in-depth profiling of chemical bonding features and defect state density in ultrathin HfSiOxNy (Hf/(Hf+Si)=~43%) films with average nitrogen contents up to ~18at.% by using x- ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and total photoelectron yield spectroscopy (PYS) in combination oxide thinning in a dilute HF solution. It is found that the oxygen content becomes its minimum around ~1.2nm from the surface while the nitrogen content becomes its maximum within ~1.5nm from the surface. The result suggests that the surface re-oxidation is promoted coincidentally with the diffusion of N atoms generated by thermal decomposition of the Hf-Nx units during the N2-annealing. The depth profile of the defect states, which was derived from the change in the yield, shows that the defect state density becomes its maximum in the near-surface region where oxygen deficiency becomes significant. It is likely that the imbalance in chemical coordination between anions and cations is responsible for the defect generation.
Localization of ATP-gated ion channels in cerebellum using P2x2R subunit-specific antisera (1996)

The distribution of the P2x2 purinoceptor subunit protein, which forms ATP-gated ion channels by homo- and hetero-multimeric assembly, was examined in the adult rat and guinea-pig cerebellum using two novel antisera generated against separate 18 amino acid sequences located in the predicted extracellular domain of this subunit. These antisera, the first available for labelling the P2x2R subunit protein, were validated by selective labelling of a fusion protein containing the target amino acid sequences, and in cerebellum, by peptide specific block of immunoreactivity and by comparison with the distribution of P2x2R mRNA. P2x2R-like immunoreactivity was seen in Purkinje cells, specifically the soma and dendrites, neurons in the granular and molecular layers and deep cerebellar nuclei. The identification of P2x2R-like immunoreactivity within the cerebellar neural circuitry is consistent with a role for extracellular ATP acting as a fast neurotransmitter in motor learning and coordination of movement. Additionally, labelling of neuroglia and fibre tracts supports a diverse role for extracellular ATP in CNS homeostasis.
Architecture for Context-Aware Pro-Active Recommender System (2012)

This paper presents architecture of a contextaware pro-active recommender system. The system uses contextual information in order to provide recommendations that are more suitable to the particular individual user. Reduction-based theory has been used in order to be able to use the contextual information besides the user and item components of traditional two dimensional recommender systems. The proposed recommender system provides recommendations pro-actively by using multi-agent technology. The inference engine of the system uses conditional probability and multiattribute theory in the decision making of what recommendations to be provided to users.
Estimation of radiation limit from a Huygens' box under non-free-space conditions (2013)

The recently studied Huygens' box method has difficulties when radiation of an electronic module is to be determined under non-free-space conditions, i.e. with an enclosure. We propose an estimate on radiation limit under such conditions based only on the Huygens' box data from free-space measurements. Numerical experiment shows that the limit is valid everywhere except the resonance frequencies. Consequently, it is argued that knowledge of the inner structure of the module is in fact necessary also for the limit estimation.