gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
RAILROADMAP: An Agile Security Testing Framework for Web-application Development (2013)

We propose a model-assisted security testing framework for developing Web applications. We devised a tool called “RailroadMap” that automatically extracts a behavior model from the code base of Ruby-on-Rails. This model provides a unified point of view for analyzing security problems by representing an application's behavior, which includes all security functions and possible attack scenarios.
Rotational spectrum and structure of the hydrogen cyanide-carbon dioxide (CO2)2 trimer (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRotational spectrum and structure of the hydrogen cyanide-carbon dioxide (CO2)2 trimerH. S. Gutowsky, Jane. Chen, P. J. Hajduk, and R. S. RuoffCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 20, 7774–7780Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1990https://doi.org/10.1021/j100383a007RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views45Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (869 KB) Get e-Alerts
On a construction of stream-cipher-based hash functions (2010)

Hash functions using stream ciphers as components perform fast on a variety of platforms. However, the security and the design policy of stream-cipher-based hash functions (SCHs) have not yet been studied sufficiently. In this paper, we analyze its design criteria based on a ideal function of SCHs. First, we show that attacks against a stream cipher can also be threats against SCHs. Then we discuss the security on each phase of SCH; message injection, blank rounds, and hash generation with this function. Finally we derive the necessary conditions on the stream cipher function for an SCH to be secure.
Two-color quantum-well infrared photodetector with voltage tunable peaks (2002)

A two-color quantum-well infrared photodetector with voltage tunable detection peaks is demonstrated. It is based on electron transfer between two asymmetric coupled quantum wells under an applied bias. At 10 K, the peak detection wavelength is 7.5 μm for positive bias when the electrons reside in one of the wells, and switches to 8.8 μm at a large negative bias when the electrons are transferred to the other well. The electron activation behavior of dark current in this detector depends on both temperature and bias. We observed two distinctive activation energies under negative bias for two different temperature regimes and only one under positive bias. The voltage tunability of the detector and the activation energy are well explained by the calculated energy levels and oscillator strengths of intersubband transitions in the structure.
Additive Manufacturing and Testing of a Soft Magnetic Rotor for a Switched Reluctance Motor (2020)

Additive manufacturing is acknowledged as a key enabling technology, although its adoption is still constrained to niche applications. A promising area for this technology is the production of electrical machines (EMs) and/or their main components (e.g. magnetic cores, windings, heat exchangers, etc.) due to the potential of creating lightweight, highly efficient rotating motors, suitable for applications requiring a low moment of inertia. This work investigates the readiness of metal additive manufacturing, specifically Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF), applied to the field of EMs to bridge the gaps of how to use this technological approach in this field. A soft magnetic material featuring high silicon content (Fe-5.0%w.t.Si) has been developed for LPBF and a rotor has been 3D-printed for a switched reluctance machine. The printed rotor was assembled into a conventionally laminated stator and the performance of the whole machine was evaluated. Its performance was compared against an identical machine equipped with a laminated rotor of the same dimensions made of conventional non-oriented silicon steel. A comparative study was carried out through both finite element simulations and experimental tests. The efficiency of the two machines was assessed together with the principal electrical and mechanical quantities under several operating conditions.
Abstract 17269: Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Cobalt and Chromium Containing Hip Arthroplasty (2018)

Background: Worldwide, approximately one million patients have had total hip arthroplasty with 35% being cobalt and chromium Metal-on-Metal (MoM) or Metal-on-Polythelene (MoP) implants. Animal models have suggested that cobalt and chromium can affect all chambers, but there seems to be an atrial predilection. There are several case reports of metal containing hip arthroplasty causing atrial arrhythmias but the true incidence of atrial fibrillation associated with metal hip arthroplasty remains undefined. Objective: We sought to determine the incidence of atrial fibrillation in patients with metal containing hip arthroplasty. We also examined the association between serum cobalt and chromium levels and arrhythmias in this cohort and all cause mortality. Methods: We retrospectively examined the records of patients from the Mayo Clinic total hip arthroplasty registry (Metal group - Metal-on-Metal: MoM and Metal-on-Polyethylene: MoP, Non-Metal group - Ceramic-on-Ceramic: CoC and Ceramic-on-Polyethylne: CoP) to obtain demographic data, comorbidities, laboratory, ECG, and echocardiographic data. Out of a total of 1756 patients, Cobalt and Chromium levels were available in 138 patients. Results: The mean age of patients with metal containing hip replacement was 50 years and were predominantly male. During a follow up period of 10 years, the incidence of atrial fibrillation in our study population was 8% in metal group compared to 2% (p=0.11) in non-metal group. There was no association between cobalt or chromium levels with the incidence of atrial fibrillation. All-cause mortality was significantly higher in metal group versus non-metal group (p=0.005). Conclusion: The incidence of atrial fibrillation was relatively more in patients with metal versus non-metal hip arthroplasty but there was no association of serum cobalt or chromium levels with incidence of atrial fibrillation in the subset of patients. In addition, all-cause mortality was significantly higher in the metal group suggesting potential toxic effects of metal containing hip arthroplasty.
Enhancement of CO Tolerance of Platinum Catalysts Using Metal Macrocycle Complexes (2004)

In this study, transition metal complexes of amines and macrocycle ligands like cyclam, porphyrin, and phthalocyanine were studied as catalysts with Pt for electrochemical oxidation of hydrogen containing CO. These complexes are believed to act as redox mediators in generating species that oxidize CO. A systematic approach was used to improve CO tolerance of Pt electrocatalysts using the redox potential of the macrocycle complex as a guideline. Anode polarization for oxidation of containing 104 ppm CO was lowered when ruthenium tetramethylcyclam (RuTMC), molybdenum tetrakis(methoxyphenyl)porphyrin (MoTMPP), and hexaammine ruthenium chloride were used as co-catalysts with Pt. The anode polarization is reduced by 40% when MoTMPP is used as co-catalyst with Pt. The anode polarization for these catalysts shows a direct correlation with the redox potential of the complexes and decreases linearly with a reduction in the redox potential of the complex. Further improvements in CO tolerance could be obtained by increasing the electroactive population of the complex and its proximity to Pt crystallites. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Mitogenic Signaling of Urokinase Receptor–Deficient Kidney Fibroblasts (2004)

The urokinase receptor (uPAR) attenuates myofibroblast recruitment and fibrosis in the kidney. This study examined the role of uPAR and its co-receptor LDL receptor-related protein (LRP) in the regulation of kidney fibroblast proliferation and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling. Compared with uPAR+/+ cells, uPAR-/- kidney fibroblasts were hyperproliferative. UPAR-/- fibroblast proliferation was 60% inhibited by an ERK kinase inhibitor. LRP protein was reduced and extracellular accumulation of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) proteins were greater in uPAR-/- cultures. Addition of functional uPA protein or LRP antisense RNA significantly increased ERK signaling and cell mitosis in both genotypes. Enhanced uPAR-/- fibroblast proliferation was reversed by a recombinant nonfunctional uPA peptide. The density of cell-bound fluor-uPA was similar between uPAR-/- and uPAR+/+ fibroblasts (78 +/- 6 versus 92 +/- 16 units). These data suggest that uPAR-deficient kidney fibroblasts express lower levels of its scavenger co-receptor LRP, resulting in greater extracellular accumulation of uPA and PAI-1. Enhanced proliferation of uPAR-/- fibroblasts seems to be mediated by uPA-dependent ERK signaling via an alternative urokinase receptor.
MO779DETECTION OF INTRADIALYTIC SLEEP APNEA IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS (2021)

Abstract Background and Aims Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) has emerged as an important cardiovascular risk factor in hemodialysis (HD) patients. In patients with SAS, high-frequency oscillations of arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) and arousal can be used to characterize repetitive respiratory cessation. Although these repetitive patterns have been observed in SAS patients, it has not been studied during HD treatment. In this study, we aim to detect intradialytic SAS in HD patients to provide novel prognosticators of adverse events related to SAS. Method We use the Crit-Line® monitor to record SaO2 at 1 Hz frequency, and video recording to capture periods of wakefulness for the entire treatment session (3.5±0.5hr). We developed a recurrent-based time-series analysis to characterize the desaturation and arousal in SaO2. For each patient, we compute four metrics, namely: (i) the probability of recurrence for any given state (recurrent rate, RR), (ii) systemic predictability (determinism, DET), (iii) occurrence of laminar state (LAM), and (iv) permutation entropy to quantify complexity. These four quantities were used to detect episodes of SAS in patients while undergoing HD treatments. Results We study 16 HD patients with arterio-venous vascular access. Their age was 54±11 years, 63% were males and 69% were African Americans. SaO2 was measured during two HD sessions per patient. The mean SaO2 was 94.3±2.1%. We observe distinguishable patterns in which periods of awake and asleep are differentiated. Figure 1 shows a typical SaO2 annotated with the period of awake and asleep (shaded area in Fig. 1A), during which the four metrics decrease during the corresponding period where the patient is asleep (Fig. 1B-C). Figure 1D-E shows the consistency of the metrics in all 16 patients, in which DET and entropy are analyzed around the onset of sleep. We observe monotonically decreasing trends around the episode of sleep, suggesting that these results are sensitive to the sleep states, and potentially to an episode of intradialytic SAS. Conclusion Our preliminary analysis suggests that DET, LAM, RR, and entropy may contain characteristic properties that could be used to detect the onset of intradialytic SAS, which are characterized by the high-frequency oscillatory patterns in SaO2. Further studies are needed to identify SAS-related desaturation and arousal detected in the SaO2 measurement. The predictive power of these features and their relationships to clinical outcomes warrants further investigation.
Chapter 1 Transport Components of Net Secretion of the Aqueous Humor and Their Integrated Regulation (1997)

This chapter presents an overview of the current consensus concerning aqueous humor formation and discusses the functional components underlying transport by the ciliary epithelium. It describes pathways that may regulate net secretion and focuses on the formation of the aqueous humor of the anterior chamber and its outflow from the eye into the venous circulation. The mechanisms and regulation of aqueous humor secretion are of importance because (1) most of the effective ocular hypotensive drugs act by reducing secretion, (2) the efficacy of hypotensive therapy would be enormously enhanced by developing a drug capable of lowering secretion to the normal early morning rate, and (3) information concerning the molecular and cell biology and physiology of these mechanisms can provide a general perspective on transepithelial secretion and absorption. Net aqueous humor formation can be accelerated both by stimulating unidirectional secretion and by slowing unidirectional reabsorption. A wide range of regulatory pathways modifies the rate of aqueous humor formation, including the adrenergic system, arachidonic acid metabolites, melatonin, and corticosteroids.
Preoperative cognitive–behavioral therapy for reducing pain catastrophizing and improving pain outcomes after total knee replacement: a randomized clinical trial (2021)

ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01772329, registration date 21 January 2013).
Comparative analysis of routes of immunization of a live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccine in a heterologous virus challenge study (2016)

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is caused by PRRS virus (PRRSV), which infects primarily the respiratory tract of pigs. Thus intranasal (IN) delivery of a potent vaccine-adjuvant formulation is promising. In this study, PRRS-MLV (VR2332) was coadministered ± an adjuvant Mycobacterium vaccae whole cell lysate or CpG ODN through intramuscular (IM) or IN route as a mist, and challenged with a heterologous PRRSV 1-4-4 IN at 42 days post-vaccination (dpv). At 14 and 26 dpv, vaccine viral RNA copies were one log greater in the plasma of PRRS-MLV IM compared to IN vaccinated pigs, and the infectious replicating vaccine virus was detected only in the IM group. In PRRS-MLV ± adjuvant IM vaccinated pigs, reduced viral RNA load and absence of the replicating challenged virus was observed at 7, 10 and 14 days post-challenge (dpc). At 14 dpc, in BAL fluid ≥ 5 log viral RNA copies were detected in all the pig groups, but the replicating challenged virus was undetectable only in IM groups. Immunologically, virus neutralizing antibody titers in the plasma of IM (but not IN) vaccine groups was ≥ 8 against the vaccine and challenged viruses. At 26 dpv, PRRS-MLV IM (without adjuvant) received pigs had significantly increased population of CD4 and CD8 T cells in PBMC. At 14 dpc, relatively increased population of IFN-γ(+) total lymphocytes, NK, CD4, CD8 and γδ T cells were observed in the MLV-IM group. In conclusion, PRRS-MLV IM vaccination induced the virus specific T cell response in pigs, but still it is required to improve its cross-protective efficacy.
Synapsin IIa Bundles Actin Filaments (1994)

Synapsins are neuron-specific phosphoproteins associated with small synaptic vesicles in the presynaptic nerve terminal. Synapsin I, which has been demonstrated to bundle F-actin in vitro, has been postulated to regulate neurotransmitter release by cross-linking synaptic vesicles to the actin cytoskeleton. To investigate the possible interaction of synapsin II with actin filaments, we expressed synapsin II in Spodoptera frugiperda and High Five insect cells using a recombinant baculovirus. Purified recombinant synapsin IIa was incubated with F-actin, and bundle formation was evaluated by light scattering and electron microscopy. Synapsin IIa was found to bundle actin filaments. Dose-response curves indicated that synapsin IIa was more potent than synapsin I in bundling actin filaments. These data suggest that synapsin IIa may cross-link synaptic vesicles and actin filaments in the nerve terminal.
Ecological implications of the emergence of non‐toxic subcultures from toxic Microcystis strains (2005)

Summary Two toxic, microcystin‐producing, Microcystis sp. strains KLL MG‐K and KLL MB‐K were isolated as single colonies on agar plates from Lake Kinneret, Israel. Two non‐toxic subcultures, MG‐J and MB‐J spontaneously succeeded the toxic ones under laboratory conditions. Southern analyses showed that MG‐J and MB‐J are lacking at least 34 kb of the mcy region, encoding the microcystin synthetase. Analyses of the 16S rRNA genes, the intergenic spacer region between cpcB and cpcA and the patterns of the polymerase chain reaction products of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA and highly iterated palindrome, and presence of mobile DNA elements did not allow unequivocal distinction between toxic and non‐toxic subcultures. Laboratory and field experiments indicated an advantage of the toxic strain over its non‐toxic successor. When grown separated by a membrane, which allowed passage of the media but not the cells, MG‐K severely inhibited the growth of MG‐J. Furthermore, when MG strains were placed in dialysis bags in Lake Kinneret during the season in which Microcystis is often observed, cells of MG‐J lysed, whereas MG‐K survived. Mechanisms whereby the non‐toxic subcultures emerged and prevailed over the corresponding toxic ones under laboratory conditions, as well as a possible role of microcystin under natural conditions, are discussed.
Interference lithography at 157 nm (2000)

A 157nm interference lithography system which is capable of patterning features at sub-100-nm pitch has been implemented. Initial results demonstrate approximately 50 nm line and space patterns exposed in a commercial deep-UV photoresists. Little line edge roughness is observed, indicating that the intrinsic properties of the resist may meet CD-control requirements to at least 50 nm. In addition, this system may be used to measure the spatial coherence of the 157-nm F<SUB>2</SUB> laser source. Preliminary estimates show that the coherence length is approximately 40 micrometers .
Mechanisms of Congenital Heart Disease Caused by NAA15 Haploinsufficiency (2021)

[Figure: see text].
The Roles of Signal Processing in Medical Imaging [From the Guest Editors (2010)

Exploratory surgery, an approach in which the physician looks directly within the patient for the source of an ailment, was once the principal method of visualizing disease. While this approach still has its place, it has been largely supplanted by medical imaging, a vast arsenal of technologies capable of producing detailed and highly informative images of the body's internal structure and function.
Superoxide Production and Antioxidant Enzymes in Ammonia Intoxication in Rats (1997)

Injection of large doses of ammonium salts lead to the rapid death of animals. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in ammonia toxicity remain to be clarified. We have tested the effect of injecting 7 mmol/kg of ammonium acetate on the production of superoxide and on the activities of some antioxidant enzymes in rat liver, brain, erythrocytes and plasma. Glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were decreased in liver and brain (both in cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions) and also in blood red cells, while glutathione reductase activity remained unchanged. Superoxide production in submitochondrial particles from liver and brain was increased by more than 100% in both tissues. Both diminished activity of antioxidant enzymes and increased superoxide radical production could lead to oxidative stress and cell damage, which could be involved in the mechanism of acute ammonia toxicity.
New diterpenoid alkaloids fromAconitum heterophyllum Wall: Selective butyrylcholinestrase inhibitors (2008)

Two new diterpenoid alkaloids, heterophyllinine-A (1) and heterophyllinine-B (2), along with two known alkaloids dihydroatisine (3) and lycoctonine (4) were isolated from the roots of Aconitum heterophyllum Wall. The structure of (1) and (2), were deduced on the basis of spectral data. Compounds 1-2 inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE, EC 3.1.1.8) enzymes in a concentration-dependent manner with percent inhibition ranging between 4.24% and 6.94 % and 79.1 % and 82.75 % for AChE and BChE, respectively indicating that compounds 1 and 2 are about thirteen times more specific to BChE than AChE.
Comprehensive analysis of antibody responses to streptococcal and tissue antigens in patients with acute rheumatic fever (2008)

Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is an autoimmune disease occurring in individuals following untreated group A streptococcal infection believed to be triggered by antibodies to bacterial components that cross-react with human tissues. We developed a multiplexed immunoassay for the simultaneous quantitation of antibodies to nine streptococcal-related antigens including streptolysin O (SLO), DNase B, collagen I and IV, fibronectin, myosin, group A carbohydrate, M6 protein and streptococcal C5a peptidase. Utilizing this method, we examined serum from 49 ARF, 58 pharyngitis patients and age- and sex-matched controls in samples collected at initial disease onset, and at 4 weeks, 6 months and 1 year after diagnosis. Antibody responses were significantly higher for SLO, DNase B, M6 protein, group A carbohydrate and the cross-reactive antigens collagen I and myosin in ARF compared with pharyngitis patients (P <or= 0.05). Moreover, we found significantly elevated antibody responses in the ARF patients with rheumatic heart disease to fibronectin and collagen I compared with ARF patients without heart disease. The major differences between the ARF patients with and without carditis appear to be in the immune response to the putative heart valve components, collagen I and fibronectin.
DYNAMIC LOAD BALANCERS FOR A MULTITHREADED MULTIPROCESSOR SYSTEM (2001)

Designing multi-processor systems that deliver a reasonable price-performance ratio using off-the-shelf processor and compiler technologies is a major challenge. For an important class of applications, it is critical to explore fine-grain parallelism to achieve reasonable performance. In such parallel systems it is essential to efficiently manage communication latencies, bandwidth, and synchronization overheads. In this paper we study load balancing strategies for the runtime system of a multi-threaded system. EARTH (Efficient Architecture for Running Threads) is a multi-threaded programming and execution model that supports fine-grain, non-preemptive, threads in a distributed memory environment. We describe the design and implementation of a set of dynamic load balancing algorithms, and study their performance in divide-and-conquer, regular, and irregular applications. Our experimental study on the distributed memory multi-processor IBP SP-2 indicate that a randomized load balancer perform as well as, and often better than, history based load balancers.