gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
microRNA-378 promotes autophagy and inhibits apoptosis in skeletal muscle (2018)

The metabolic regulation of cell death is sophisticated. A growing body of evidence suggests the existence of multiple metabolic checkpoints that dictate cell fate in response to metabolic fluctuations. However, whether microRNAs (miRNAs) are able to respond to metabolic stress, reset the threshold of cell death, and attempt to reestablish homeostasis is largely unknown. Here, we show that miR-378/378* KO mice cannot maintain normal muscle weight and have poor running performance, which is accompanied by impaired autophagy, accumulation of abnormal mitochondria, and excessive apoptosis in skeletal muscle, whereas miR-378 overexpression is able to enhance autophagy and repress apoptosis in skeletal muscle of mice. Our in vitro data show that metabolic stress-responsive miR-378 promotes autophagy and inhibits apoptosis in a cell-autonomous manner. Mechanistically, miR-378 promotes autophagy initiation through the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1) pathway and sustains autophagy via Forkhead box class O (FoxO)-mediated transcriptional reinforcement by targeting phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1). Meanwhile, miR-378 suppresses intrinsic apoptosis initiation directly through targeting an initiator caspase-Caspase 9. Thus, we propose that miR-378 is a critical component of metabolic checkpoints, which integrates metabolic information into an adaptive response to reduce the propensity of myocytes to undergo apoptosis by enhancing the autophagic process and blocking apoptotic initiation. Lastly, our data suggest that inflammation-induced down-regulation of miR-378 might contribute to the pathogenesis of muscle dystrophy.
Distributed acoustic sensing of long subsea tie-backs (2022)

Subsea tie-backs are a field development concept for infrastructure-led exploration and production in mature basins, whereby subsea wells from satellite fields are tied back into existing offshore production facilities to monetize an expanded reserve base and extend the life and profitability of existing facilities. Similar concepts are also being applied to near-shore carbon storage. Typically, the tie-back distances are in the range of 30 to 150 km. To perform distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) of subsea wells with less than 30 km range, we previously introduced a subsea fiber topology with two transmission fibers from the topside to a remote optical circulator deployed proximal to the subsea tree. This enabled the interrogated sensing fiber portion of the total fiber length to only be the fiber located below the remote circulator with associated gains in performance. To perform DAS on long subsea tie-backs, we now introduce distributed Raman amplification (DRA) that can be integrated with the topside DAS systems and obviate the need for any marinized amplification. DRA effectively eliminates the attenuation of the transmission fiber spanning the DAS interrogator and the well; nominally providing a lossless waveguide at the optical wavelength used by DAS. When coupled with a remote circulator proximal to the subsea tree, we are able to achieve dry-tree equivalent DAS performance irrespective of tie-back distance.
Bradykinin B1 Receptor Antagonists as Potential Therapeutic Agents for Pain (2010)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVPerspectiveNEXTBradykinin B1 Receptor Antagonists as Potential Therapeutic Agents for PainHui Huang and Mark R. Player*View Author Information Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Welsh and McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Phone: 215-628-7860. Fax: 215-540-4616. E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 2010, 53, 15, 5383–5399Publication Date (Web):April 6, 2010Publication History Received18 January 2010Published online6 April 2010Published inissue 12 August 2010https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm1000776https://doi.org/10.1021/jm1000776review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2010 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2373Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Antagonists,Inflammation,Neurophysiology,Peptides and proteins,Rodent models Get e-Alerts
Search for long-lived particles decaying into displaced jets in proton-proton collisions at s=13  TeV (2019)

A search for long-lived particles decaying into jets is presented. Data were collected with the CMS detector at the LHC from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV in 2016, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb -1 . The search examines the distinctive topology of displaced tracks and secondary vertices. The selected events are found to be consistent with standard model predictions. For a simplified model in which long-lived neutral particles are pair produced and decay to two jets, pair production cross sections larger than 0.2 fb are excluded at 95% confidence level for a long-lived particle mass larger than 1000 GeV and proper decay lengths between 3 and 130 mm. Several supersymmetry models with gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking or R-parity violation, where pair-produced long-lived gluinos or top squarks decay to several final-state topologies containing displaced jets, are also tested. For these models, in the mass ranges above 200 GeV, gluino masses up to 2300-2400 GeV and top squark masses up to 1350-1600 GeV are excluded for proper decay lengths approximately between 10 and 100 mm. These are the most restrictive limits to date on these models.
Changes in time estimating abilities through workload analysis as measured by +Gz acceleration (2002)

The time estimation of pilots under various workloads was investigated. Eight subjects completed four days of randomized testing and were exposed each day to two simulated aerial combat maneuvering (SACM) profiles of 180-s duration and with a maximum level of +8 Gz. Counting and noncounting (rate projection) tasks were used as time estimation techniques. The time intervals measured were 2, 8, and 16 s. The duration of the noncounting task (the most accurate task to estimate) was found to be greater than 8 s. The production task was much more accurate to estimate than the reproduction task, and long-duration tasks were found to be most influenced by the intensity of the G stress, as well as if the G stress was decreasing.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
SFQ balanced comparators at a finite sampling rate (1997)

We have extended our previous study of SFQ balanced comparators which use two overdamped Josephson junctions to (a) finite sampling rate and (b) junctions with higher critical current density. The effective width /spl Delta/I/sub x/ of the gray zone of the comparators fabricated using the niobium-trilayer technology of HYPRES, Inc. (j/sub c//spl ap/1 kA/cm/sup 2/) and Stony Brook's domestic planarized process (j/sub c//spl ap/5 kA/cm/sup 2/) has been measured as a function of the SFQ pulse rate (from 2.5 to 55 GHz) and temperature (from 1.6 to 4.2 K), for various drivers which determine the SFQ pulse shape and external impedance. The data have been compared with available theories of Josephson junction dynamics in the presence of thermal and quantum fluctuations. We have found that /spl Delta/I/sub x/ can be substantially reduced by using relatively broad ("soft") SFQ pulses. For high-j/sub c/ comparators fed by short (/spl sim/2-ps) SFQ pulses the temperature dependence is practically negligible, indicating the dominance of quantum fluctuations.
ChemInform Abstract: Resolution of Racemic Carboxylic Acid Derivatives by Ti‐TADDOLate Mediated Esterification Reactions ‐ A General Method for the Preparation of Enantiopure Compounds. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Dynamics of Agostic Complexes of the Type C5R5(C2H4)M(CH2CH2‐μ‐H)+. Energy Differences Between and Ancillary Ligand Control of Agostic and Terminal Hydride Structures. (1990)

Abstract The degenerate interconversions of the two enantiomeric forms of the agostic title complexes (M: Co; R: H, Me) via the sym. terminal hydrides (C 5 R 5 )Co(C 2 H 4 ) 2 H + are investigated by 13 C NMR spectroscopy at 100.6 MHz in the temp. range ‐80 to ‐100 °C. The determined free energies of activation for this process (5.3 kcal/mol) represent a maximum energy difference between the agostic and terminal hydride structures.
Drug delivery technologies for chronotherapeutic applications (2009)

It has been proven that the body follows a 24-hour cycle called a circadian rhythm. This cycle is coordinated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus and controls nearly all bodily functions including those related to drug delivery. Knowledge of the body's circadian rhythm leads to an improved understanding of diseases and their treatment, known as chronotherapy, such that synchronizing drug application in accordance with the natural rhythm of the body leads to improved disease management and a greater patient therapeutic outcome. Chronotherapeutic diseases include asthma, cardiovascular diseases, glaucoma, rheumatoid arthritis and cancers. In order to treat these diseases numerous chronotherapeutic drug delivery systems have been developed, such that drug is released in the period when it is most needed. This review paper attempts to concisely explicate the role of circadian rhythms in various disease states and furthermore describes the various oral drug delivery technologies that have been employed for the treatment of chronotherapeutic diseases.
The Expression of Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase during Differentiation-Linked DNA Replication Reveals That It Is a Component of the Multiprotein DNA Replication Complex (1996)

3T3-L1 preadipocytes have been shown to exhibit a transient increase in poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) protein and activity, as well as an association of PARP with DNA polymerase α, within 12−24 h of exposure to inducers of differentiation, whereas 3T3-L1 cells expressing PARP antisense RNA showed no increase in PARP and are unable to complete the round of DNA replication required for differentiation into adipocytes. The role of PARP in differentiation-linked DNA replication has now been further clarified at both the cellular and enzymological levels. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that control 3T3-L1 cells progressed through one round of DNA replication prior to the onset of terminal differentiation, whereas cells expressing PARP antisense RNA were blocked at the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. Confocal microscope image analysis of control S phase cells demonstrated that PARP was localized within distinct intranuclear granular foci associated with DNA replication centers. On the basis of these results, purified replicative complexes from other cell types that had been characterized for their ability to catalyze viral DNA replication in vitro were analyzed for the presence of PARP. PARP exclusively copurified through a series of centrifugation and chromatography steps with core proteins of an 18−21S multiprotein replication complex (MRC) from human HeLa cells, as well as with the corresponding mouse MRC from FM3A cells. The MRC were shown to contain DNA polymerases α and δ, DNA primase, DNA helicase, DNA ligase, and topoisomerases I and II, as well as accessory proteins such as PCNA, RF-C, and RP-A. Finally, immunoblot analysis of MRCs from both cell types with monoclonal antibodies to poly(ADP-ribose) revealed the presence of approximately 15 poly(ADP-ribosyl)ated proteins, some of which were further confirmed to be DNA polymerase α, DNA topoisomerase I, and PCNA by immunoprecipitation experiments. These results suggest that PARP may play a regulatory role within the replicative apparatus as a molecular nick sensor controlling the progression of the replication fork or modulates component replicative enzymes or factors in the complex by directly associating with them or by catalyzing their poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation.
Charge Separation and Recombination in Small Band Gap Oligomer−Fullerene Triads (2009)

Synthesis and photophysics of a series of thiophene-thienopyrazine small band gap oligomers, end-capped at both ends with C(60), are presented. In these triads, a photoinduced electron transfer reaction occurs between the oligomer as a donor and the fullerene as an acceptor. Femtosecond photoinduced absorption has been used to determine the rates for charge separation and recombination. It was found that charge separation takes place within approximately 10 ps, and is situated close to the Marcus optimal region. Charge recombination is faster in o-dichlorobenzene (ODCB) (15-45 ps) than in toluene (90-730 ps), because in ODCB charge recombination takes place close to the optimal region. In toluene, the recombination is situated in the inverted region, with a much higher activation barrier. No signs of recombination into a triplet state were observed.
Amphiphilic block copolymers using miscellaneous ω-functional poly(ethylene oxide)'s as transfer agent (2000)

Free radical polymerizations of styrene, ethyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate and vinyl acetate were carried out in the presence of unsaturated peroxyketals, dithiobisthiocarbonates and thiols used as transfer agents. The latter functions were then introduced at the end of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) chains and the oligomeric transfer agents obtained subsequently served to prepare amphiphilic block polymers by free radical polymerization. The chain transfer coefficient of these transfer agents with respect to growing polystyryl radicals were found to decrease with their chain length. PEO transfer agents exhibiting only low molar masses appeared to be of practical use.
Inertially confined ablation of biological tissue (2002)

An experimental study to determine the role of laser-induced pressure and the mechanical properties of biological tissue should yield important information concerning the fundamental mechanisms of short pulsed (less than a microsecond) laser ablation. An understanding of these mechanisms could have important implications in clinical ablation procedures. The surface movement of tissue immediately after irradiation with a short pulse of laser light is intimately related to the distribution of absorbed energy, the instantaneous pressure generated by this energy, and the mechanical properties of the tissue. Measuring the surface movement for fluences both below and near the threshold can thus reveal information on these important aspects initiating the ablation process. We have developed a physical model to describe this movement and an experimental technique to measure it. The model is based on the equation of state and the coupled differential equations for the conservation of mass, momentum, and energy in a continuous medium. The results from this model impose stringent requirements on the temporal and spatial resolution of the experimental technique used to determine the surface displacement. An interferometric surface monitoring tool, with the ability to measure nanometer movements on a nanosecond time scale, has been developed to satisfy these requirements [Albagli et al., 1993]. Using this tool, the laser-induced surface displacement of several samples has been measured. Results are presented for bovine shank bone, acrylite, human meniscus and an aqueous dye solution for incident fluences several times below ablation threshold.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Ionizing radiation induces myofibroblast differentiation via lactate dehydrogenase (2015)

Pulmonary fibrosis is a common and dose-limiting side-effect of ionizing radiation used to treat cancers of the thoracic region. Few effective therapies are available for this disease. Pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by an accumulation of myofibroblasts and excess deposition of extracellular matrix proteins. Although prior studies have reported that ionizing radiation induces fibroblast to myofibroblast differentiation and collagen production, the mechanism remains unclear. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a key profibrotic cytokine that drives myofibroblast differentiation and extracellular matrix production. However, its activation and precise role in radiation-induced fibrosis are poorly understood. Recently, we reported that lactate activates latent TGF-β through a pH-dependent mechanism. Here, we wanted to test the hypothesis that ionizing radiation leads to excessive lactate production via expression of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase-A (LDHA) to promote myofibroblast differentiation. We found that LDHA expression is increased in human and animal lung tissue exposed to ionizing radiation. We demonstrate that ionizing radiation induces LDHA, lactate production, and extracellular acidification in primary human lung fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner. We also demonstrate that genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of LDHA protects against radiation-induced myofibroblast differentiation. Furthermore, LDHA inhibition protects from radiation-induced activation of TGF-β. We propose a profibrotic feed forward loop, in which radiation induces LDHA expression and lactate production, which can lead to further activation of TGF-β to drive the fibrotic process. These studies support the concept of LDHA as an important therapeutic target in radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
Flat Lenses for Ultra-lightweight Longwave-Infrared Broadband Imaging (2019)

We demonstrate the design and experiments for chromatic aberration rectified, high NA, polarization insensitive, diffractive flat lenses operating in the LWIR ( $8\mu \mathrm{m}$ to $12\mu \mathrm{m}$ ) regime. © 2019 The Author(s)
SIN tunnel junction as a temperature sensor (1999)

The current-voltage characteristics of a superconductor-normal metal tunnel junction (SIN) is very sensitive to the temperature of the normal metal. Therefore SIN junction can be used as a thermometer which can be conveniently integrated into more complicated devices, for example bolometers. We estimate the effect of different types of noise on the sensitivity of such a thermometer. Shot noise of the tunnel junction, amplifier noise and the noise related to the fluctuations of the heat flow through the junction are considered. The performance of the bolometer with SIN junction as a temperature sensor is also discussed.
Catalytic Hydrogenation of Norbornadiene by a Rhodium Complex in a Self‐Folding Cavitand (2010)

In Schale geworfen: Die Einführung von [Rh(nbd)2]BF4 (nbd=Norbornadien) in einen Cavitanden mit tiefem Hohlraum ergibt einen Katalysator für die Hydrierung von Norbornadien zu Norbornen (siehe Bild). Der Cavitand wirkt als zweite Ligandensphäre und verändert die Stabilität, Selektivität und Reaktivität gegenüber den Eigenschaften des freien metallorganischen Komplexes in Lösung.
Characterizing Search in Productivity Software (2018)

Complex software applications expose hundreds of commands to users through intricate menu hierarchies. One of the most popular productivity software suites, Microsoft Office, has recently developed functionality that allows users to issue free-form text queries to a search system to quickly find commands they want to execute, retrieve help documentation or access web results in a unified interface. In this paper, we analyze millions of search sessions originating from within Microsoft Office applications, collected over one month of activity, in an effort to characterize search behavior in productivity software. Our research brings together previous efforts in analyzing command usage in large-scale applications and efforts in understanding search behavior in environments other than the web. Our findings show that users engage primarily in command search, and that re-accessing commands through search is a frequent behavior. Our work represents the first large-scale analysis of search over command spaces and is an important first step in understanding how search systems integrated with productivity software can be successfully developed.
Absolute reactivity of singlet pentafluorophenylnitrene with representative alkenes (1997)

The relative reactivity of singlet pentafluorophenylnitrene with a standard set of alkenes was determined. The singlet nitrene is found to be most reactive towards electron-rich alkenes, as expected, but the selectivity spread is very small. In terms of its selectivity towards alkenes, singlet pentafluorophenylnitrene is analogous in its properties to singlet phenylcarbene. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Outcome of One-stage Cementless Exchange for Acute Postoperative Periprosthetic Hip Infection (2013)

Level IV, therapeutic study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Involvement of spectrin in cell-surface receptor capping in lymphocytes. (1983)

Human and mouse lymphocytes of T- and B-cell lineages express a protein (Mr, 240,000) that crossreacts with antibodies raised against chicken erythrocyte alpha-spectrin as judged by immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation, and immunoautoradiography; by the same criteria, antibodies raised against chicken erythrocyte beta-spectrin do not react with any lymphocyte polypeptide. In all T and B cells analyzed, before surface-directed ligand challenge with concanavalin A and surface immunoglobulins the polypeptide antigenically related to erythrocyte alpha-spectrin is distributed diffusely at the plasma membrane. Upon challenge, the redistribution of this polypeptide is concurrent with that of the cell-surface receptors initially in patches and then in a cap. Immunoprecipitation of NaDodSO4-solubilized lymphocytes with erythrocyte alpha-spectrin antiserum shows that in all cases a polypeptide with the same apparent molecular weight as erythrocyte alpha-spectrin is precipitated. Variable amounts of another polypeptide (Mr, 235,000) are also coimmunoprecipitated. Immunoprecipitations and subsequent immunoautoradiography show that the lymphocyte polypeptide doublet has a composition similar to that of (brain) fodrin, a polypeptide doublet that previously has been found mainly in the cells of nervous tissue.