gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanical cell lysis results of a sample preparation module for functional genomics (2003)

Mechanical cell lysis is demonstrated within a microfabricated sample preparation module that would assist functional genomics and point-of-care diagnostics. The sample preparation module is proposed as a component of a vertically integrated system with RT-PCR and capillary gel electrophoresis modules. Cell lysis is conducted within the module using a micro-barbed mechanical filter within microfluidic channels. Cell behavior within the lysis filter is qualitatively described. The filter is microfabricated using a modified DRIE process that enhances the scalloping effect to create sub-micrometer scale barbs. An integrated mRNA affinity chamber is also developed with ssDNA immobilized on a silicon surface using a self-assembled monolayer linker.
Structure Analysis of Titanate Nanorods by Electron (2010)

In multicomponent oxides of the transitional and rare-earth elements with perovskite structure (АВО3, А = rare-earth, В = transition metal) it is possible to improve the physicochemical and electrochemical properties with cation substitution in sites A and B. In this aim perovskite-like oxides of Sr–Bi–Ме–O systems (with Me = Cu [1-3], Co [4], Fe, Cr [5], Mn [6]) have been extensively studied. In this work we investigate the Sr– Bi–Ni–O system where no structures have been published in spite of the fact that it should be possible to obtain multicomponent oxides which exhibit superconducting properties or are suitable for oxide fuel cell and membrane production. The samples with nominal composition Sr3Bi2хNixO6-δ were prepared from nitride precursors and calcined in air or oxygen current at 900 °С during 10 – 15 hours, followed by 20–30 hours at 1000 – 1200 °С. Transmission electron microscopy showed the existence of at least 3 different phases: a tetragonal phase (a = 5.36 A, c = 17.5 A), a closely related orthorhombic phase (ao ≈ at / √2, bo ≈ at * √2, co ≈ ct) and a minority cubic phase (a = 33.6 A). EDX yielded the cation ratio to be 22.0% Ni, 64.2% Sr and 13.8% Bi for the tetragonal phase, the oxygen being too light to be analyzed. In the case of such a mixture of phases with related cell parameters X-ray powder diffraction is useless for structure determination. We therefore conducted an electron crystallography study on the tetragonal phase. Due to the close relationship with the orthorhombic phase only few zone axes permit to distinguish between these two phases. Therefore, we only considered data from a single particle clearly identified as the tetragonal phase in this study. A total of 13 different zone axes were each recorded in selected area electron diffraction mode and with different precession angles up to 4.1°. From the observed extinctions the space group was determined to be I4/mmm or I4mm. For the structure solution we extracted the intensities from the 8 main zone axes yielding a total of 109 independent reflections with a resolution of 0.8 A. The data were corrected by a geometrical Lorentz type factor and the structure was solved (R = 29%) using the SIR2008 program [7]. The solution contained all atoms except for one oxygen position. The structure can be described as formed by layers of edge sharing oxygen octahedra. The layers are connected via octahedron corners. In this contribution we compare the obtained structure to oxides containing other transition metal ions and discuss the subject of the missing oxygen position.
PEACPocket (2005)

This presented work has been conducted in a framework of a project with the objective to associate power microsources into smart cards in order to create novel functionalities. To demonstrate the feasibility of such a new powered microsystem, a demonstrator named PEA Card is under development.It is powered by two rechargeable batteries:• A microbattery on chip for security applications.• A Thin Film Power Battery inside the card packaging to recharge the microbattery and to supply user interfaces.An ASIC, used as substrate for the microbattery, manages the energy of the two power sources. It is designed to have a very low consumption. A processor and a display, powered by the embedded Power Battery, allow the user to access data without external source of energy. An RFID antenna permits a contactless charge of the two batteries.
Self-Imaging Holographic Optical Waveguides (1997)

Periodic structures exhibit an effect known as self-imaging[1-3]. The complex, amplitude distribution of the field, u(x,y,z) is self-similar such that, u(x,y,z) = u(x,y,z + L s ). Here we address self-imaging by use of transverse gratings which extend throughout the entire waveguide (Figure 1). By use of photolithographic techniques in photopolymers, one has a simple means to match waves having dissimilar propagation constants without much loss.
Optimal Power/Performance Pipeline Depth for SMT in Scaled Technologies (2008)

Performance and power act as opposing constraints for the optimal pipeline depth of a processor. Although increasing the pipeline depth may enable performance improvement, the higher clock speed associated with a deeper pipeline also increases the power dissipation. Previous papers have shown that the optimal pipeline depth for superscalars considering both power and performance is 18 to 20 fan-out-of-four (FO4) inverter delays. As simultaneous multithreading (SMT) becomes increasingly important for modern high-end processors, there is a need to quantify the optimal power-performance pipeline depth for SMT. Although previous work has shown that SMT retains the performance-optimal pipeline depth in near-future technologies, this result does not take power into account. The intricate interplay between the relative impacts of changing pipeline depth on power and performance makes it difficult to predict the scaling trends for optimal SMT pipeline depths considering both power and performance. Using simulations, we quantify the optimal SMT pipeline depths based on the well-known power-performance metric PD <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> . Our analysis is novel and provides the following key results about the scaling trends for SMT pipelines considering both power and performance: 1) SMT has a deeper PD <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> -optimal pipeline as compared to superscalar. 2) The PD <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> -optimal SMT pipeline depth increases with an increase in the number of programs. 3) The PD <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> -optimal SMT pipeline becomes shallower with technology for a given number of programs. Based on these results, we provide the following insights into SMT designs for future technologies: 1) To retain the PD3-optimal pipeline depth across technology generations while being energy-efficient, the number of programs running on an SMT must increase. 2) To maintain a constant power dissipation across technology generations, SMT pipelines must become shallower.
High-performance indium phosphide nanowires synthesized on amorphous substrates: from formation mechanism to optical and electrical transport measurements (2012)

InP NWs have been extensively explored for next-generation electronic and optoelectronic devices due to their excellent carrier mobility, exciton lifetime and wave-guiding characteristics. Typically, those NWs are grown epitaxially on crystalline substrates which could limit their potential applications requiring high growth yield to be printable or transferable on amorphous and flexible substrates. Here, utilizing Au as catalytic seeds, we successfully demonstrate the synthesis of crystalline, stoichiometric and dense InP NWs on amorphous substrates. Notably, the NWs are found to grow via the vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) mechanism with a narrow distribution of diameter (34.6 ± 7.7 nm) uniformly along the entire NW length (>10 μm). Although the grown NWs possess a substantial amount of twin defects, the fabricated NW FETs still exhibit impressive electrical performance with high carrier mobility (∼350 cm2 V−1 s−1) and ION/IOFF ratio (∼106). All these have demonstrated the promising potency of such NWs grown on amorphous substrates for technological applications, as compared to the conventional MBE or MOCVD grown InP NWs.
Physical layer aware network architecture for the future internet (2012)

In this article, physical layer awareness in access, core, and metro networks is addressed, and a Physical Layer Aware Network Architecture Framework for the Future Internet is presented and discussed, as proposed within the framework of the European ICT Project 4WARD. Current limitations and shortcomings of the Internet architecture are driving research trends at a global scale toward a novel, secure, and flexible architecture. This Future Internet architecture must allow for the co-existence and cooperation of multiple networks on common platforms, through the virtualization of network resources. Possible solutions embrace a full range of technologies, from fiber backbones to wireless access networks. The virtualization of physical networking resources will enhance the possibility of handling different profiles, while providing the impression of mutual isolation. This abstraction strategy implies the use of well elaborated mechanisms in order to deal with channel impairments and requirements, in both wireless (access) and optical (core) environments.
Virulence profile: Michael R. Hamblin (2016)

I was born and brought up in a small fishing village on the coast of Northumberland in Northern England, called Cullercoats. It has a rich history of local culture and was home to a small artist's ...
Improving the use case driven approach to requirements engineering (2002)

The paper presents the idea of usage oriented requirements engineering, an extension of use case driven analysis. The main objective is to achieve a requirements engineering process resulting in a model which captures both functional requirements and system usage aspects in a comprehensive manner. The paper presents the basic concepts and the process of usage oriented requirements engineering, and the synthesized usage model resulting from this process. The role of this model in system development, and its potential applications are also discussed.
Moving from MOOs to Multi-User Applications (1999)

This paper provides a brief description of the work we have done on the V-Worlds project, a system that facilitates the creation of multi-user applications and environments. We have taken concepts originally found in object oriented Multi-User Dungeons (MOOs) and extended them to deal with more general multi-user and in particular multi-media applications. We present reasons behind the architectural decisions of the platform and show that it has been used successfully for a wide range of examples.
Improved Robustness to Open Set Inputs via Tempered Mixup (2020)

Supervised classification methods often assume that evaluation data is drawn from the same distribution as training data and that all classes are present for training. However, real-world classifiers must handle inputs that are far from the training distribution including samples from unknown classes. Open set robustness refers to the ability to properly label samples from previously unseen categories as novel and avoid high-confidence, incorrect predictions. Existing approaches have focused on either novel inference methods, unique training architectures, or supplementing the training data with additional background samples. Here, we propose a simple regularization technique easily applied to existing convolutional neural network architectures that improves open set robustness without a background dataset. Our method achieves state-of-the-art results on open set classification baselines and easily scales to large-scale open set classification problems.
Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Auranofin on Palmitic Acid and LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response by Modulating TLR4 and NOX4-Mediated NF-κB Signaling Pathway in RAW264.7 Macrophages (2021)

Chronic inflammation, which is promoted by the production and secretion of inflammatory mediators and cytokines in activated macrophages, is responsible for the development of many diseases. Auranofin is a Food and Drug Administration-approved gold-based compound for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, and evidence suggests that auranofin could be a potential therapeutic agent for inflammation. In this study, to demonstrate the inhibitory effect of auranofin on chronic inflammation, a saturated fatty acid, palmitic acid (PA), and a low concentration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were used to activate RAW264.7 macrophages. The results show that PA amplified LPS signals to produce nitric oxide (NO) and various cytokines. However, auranofin significantly inhibited the levels of NO, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-6, which had been increased by co-treatment with PA and LPS. Moreover, the expression of inducible NO synthase, IL-1β, and IL-6 mRNA and protein levels increased by PA and LPS were reduced by auranofin. In particular, the upregulation of NADPH oxidase (NOX) 4 and the translocation of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) induced by PA and LPS were suppressed by auranofin. The binding between the toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and auranofin was also predicted, and the release of NO and cytokines was reduced more by simultaneous treatment with auranofin and TLR4 inhibitor than by auranofin alone. In conclusion, all these findings suggested that auranofin had anti-inflammatory effects in PA and LPS-induced macrophages by interacting with TLR4 and downregulating the NOX4-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway.
Timing Speculation With Optimal In Situ Monitoring Placement and Within-Cycle Error Prevention (2019)

In this paper, a timing speculation technique with low-overhead in situ delay monitors placed along critical paths is presented. The proposed insertion of monitors enables timing error prevention within the same clock cycle. Compared to other techniques, the design cost per monitor in our technique is low because no additional gates for the guard banding, inspection window generation, and short path extension are required. We benchmarked our approach on an ARM Cortex M0. The insertion strategy reduces the number of monitors by up to ~23×, power by ~5.5×, and area by ~2.8× compared to the traditional in situ monitoring techniques that insert monitors at the flipflops. The timing error correction uses a global clock stretching unit to prevent errors within one cycle. With the proposed error prevention technique, -.22% more delay variation is tolerated with a negligible energy overhead of less than ~1%.
Chosen Ciphertext Secure (CCS): Stateful Symmetric Key CCA Encryption with Minimal Ciphertext Expansion. (2013)

In some wireless environments, minimizing the size of messages is paramount due to the resulting significant energy savings. We present a new stateful symmetric encryption scheme: CCS or Chosen Ciphertext Secure scheme. CCS has the property that modifications to the ciphertext randomizes the resulting plaintext. Using this property, we prove the scheme is CCA2 secure. Thus we obtain CCA2 encryption schemes with minimal ciphertext expansion which are applicable to resource constrained wireless environments. For protocols that send short messages, our scheme is similar to Counter with CBC-MAC (CCM) for computation but has much shorter messages (since we can use much smaller or no MAC tags) for a similar level of security. A key idea is that various protocol fields in the underlying plaintext act as an authentication tag given changes to the message ciphertext. To the best of our knowledge, CCS is the first scheme that achieves CCA2 security with only 2-3 bytes of ciphertext expansion.
Using High-Frequency Downhole Vibration Technology To Enhance Through-Tubing Fishing and Workover Operations (2006)

In coiled tubing conveyed through-tubing fishing operations, conventional jarring technology often creates limitations due to the requirement to repeatedly cycle the coiled tubing over the gooseneck in order to actuate and re-cock the jar. It is well known and documented in our industry that this repeated cycling leads to pipe fatigue and coiled tubing life reduction. Additionally, the low frequency, high-impact of the jarring assembly, may in some cases cause the fish to become wedged tighter.Vibratory and high frequency impact tools have been found to provide operational and economic benefits over hydraulic, time delayed jarring tools in a variety of through tubing fishing and workover applications, particularly in horizontal and extended-reach wells.As opposed to jars, vibratory type impact systems are capable of delivering significant impact forces at the fish with only limited set-down weight or over pull available making them particularly well suited to the constraints of coiled tubing operations. These hydraulically powered systems are configured to deliver downward impacts in compression and upward impacts in tension. Both downward and upward impacts are achieved without the necessity to cycle the coiled tubing between impacts, therefore significantly reducing low-cycle pipe fatigue. Additionally, when a fish is stuck in sand or debris, temporarily suspending or liquefying sand particles by lighter high frequency blows as delivered by an impact tool while over pull is applied offers a higher degree of success in freeing the fish.This paper will outline the uses and advantages of down-hole high-frequency vibration technology from a coiled tubing perspective and also describe the development and laboratory testing results of a new, modular vibratory impact tool offering a significantly reduced operating length yet delivering greater impact thus increasing the operating envelope for such tools adding demonstrable value to a variety of coiled tubing fishing and workover operations.
Regulation of telomerase RNA template expression in human T lymphocyte development and activation (1997)

Telomeres are unique DNA-protein complexes at the terminals of chromosomes that appear to play a critical role in protecting chromosomal integrity and in maintaining cellular replicative potential. Telomerase is a ribonuclear protein that is capable of elongating telomeres by the addition of telomeric hexanucleotide repeats and therefore contributing to the capacity for cell replication. Telomerase activity is expressed in human germline cells and malignant cells, and it has recently been demonstrated that telomerase activity is highly regulated in normal lymphocytes at specific stages of development and activation. However, these studies have not elucidated whether telomerase activity is regulated at the level of specific gene expression or whether the regulation of telomerase RNA template (hTR) and/or protein components contributes to the regulation of telomerase activity in normal somatic cells. To characterize at a molecular level the regulation of telomerase expression in human T lymphocytes, we analyzed the expression of hTR during lineage development and after in vitro activation. It was found that hTR is expressed in subsets of thymocytes with strong telomerase activity at levels that are consistently higher (1.5 times; p < 0.01) than those found in peripheral blood resting T cells. In addition, hTR is up-regulated two- to fivefold in peripheral blood naive and memory CD4+ T cells after in vitro activation with anti-CD3 plus anti-CD28. These results establish that hTR expression is regulated in normal human T cells during lineage development and after activation, and indicate that regulation of hTR expression may contribute to the regulation of telomerase activity in normal lymphoid cells.
Supplementary Table 4 from PRMT1-Mediated Translation Regulation Is a Crucial Vulnerability of Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Function enrichment of down regulated genes upon Prmt1 depletion at the translation level using DAVID functional annotation tool (GO BP_direct).&lt;/p&gt;
Encapsulant Adhesion to Surface Metallization on Photovoltaic Cells (2017)

Delamination of encapsulant materials from PV cell surfaces often appears to originate at regions with metallization. Using a fracture mechanics based metrology, the adhesion of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) encapsulant to screen-printed silver metallization was evaluated. At room temperature, the fracture energy Gc [J/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ] of the EVA/silver interface (952 J/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) was ~70% lower than that of the EVA/antireflective (AR) coating (>2900 J/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) and ~60% lower than that of the EVA to the surface of cell (2265 J/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ). After only 300 h of damp heat aging, the adhesion energy of the silver interface dropped to and plateaued at ~50-60 J/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> while that of the EVA/AR coating and EVA/cell remained mostly unchanged. Elemental surface analysis showed that the EVA separates from the silver in a purely adhesive manner, indicating that bonds at the interface were likely displaced in the presence of humidity and chemical byproducts at elevated temperature, which in part accounts for the propensity of metalized surfaces to delaminate in the field.
Virtual focusing image synthesis for user-specified image region using camera array (2008)

Synthetic Aperture Focusing can produce a virtual image where objects lying on a specified focal plane are focused while object lying off the plane are blurred. by averaging the multiview images warped by planar homographies. In this paper, we propose a method for efficiently estimating a focal plane from multiview stereo images so that a user-specified image region is focused in the virtual image. We estimate the 3D parameters of a focal plane, which corresponds to a planar surface in the image region. by using a fast multiview direct method with image pair selection. We select the ‘best‘ image pair by evaluating both pre-computed condition numbers of Hessian matrices and stereo baseline lengths. Our method can rapidly produce a unique virtual image, referred to as a Virtual Focal Plane (VFP) image, where the image region lying on a non-frontparallel plane in the scene is focused.