gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and reduction of 5,5‐dimethyl‐2,4‐bis(3,4‐dimethoxyphenyl)‐2‐chloro‐2,5‐dihydrofuran (1984)

Abstract A new, stable 5‐membered ring heterocyclic cation was prepared and reduced into the corresponding dihydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran and pentanol derivatives.
Self-fault isolation in transparent p-cycle networks: p-cycles as their own m-cycles (2007)

Span protection has advantages in speed, locality of action and simplicity but requires that the failed span be located in real time. Recent work proposed a novel type of rapid fault-localization via monitoring cycles (m-cycles). Span-protecting structures (e.g. p-cycles) are designed and operated separately from the monitoring cycles in this architecture. We investigate whether it is feasible to design a p-cycle network such that the set of p-cycles used for protection could also serve as a set of fault localizing m-cycles. The main contribution is to show that this can be achieved with the same localization effectiveness as separately designed w-cycle solutions at little or no extra cost.
Der Einfluss der neoadjuvanten Chemotherapie auf den postoperativen histopathologischen Befund beim Pankreasadenokarzinom – prognostisch relevante Parameter in der matched-pair Analyse (2019)

Das Pankreaskarzinom ist nach wie vor eine Erkrankung mit eingeschränkter Prognose und hohem Rezidivrisiko. Während die adjuvante Chemotherapie fest etabliert ist, wird die neoadjuvante Therapie vor allem zum Downsizing von borderline-resektablen Tumoren eingesetzt. Dabei wird im Vergleich zu primär resezierten Tumoren ein positiver Einfluss auf den Nodal- und Resektionsstatus ohne signifikanten Einfluss auf Gesamtüberleben und Rezidivrisiko beschrieben.
COMPLIANCE AND EVALUATION OF CODE FOR LOW ENERGY POWER OPERATED HANDICAP ACCESSIBLE DOORS (2007)

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 and the aging of the U.S. population has increased the attention given to the accessibility of public buildings to disabled individuals.Automated doors are a common method for providing access for the disabled, and their low energy operated counterparts offer a cost and possible energy savings over full automation.These doors, activated by the press of a button, are regulated by ADA code through an ANSI/BHMA standard.The purpose of this study was to measure the compliance of the doors as used in public, and to evaluate the standards that apply to these entryways.Doors were selected from different neighborhoods around the city of Cincinnati, Ohio from different categories of buildings (medical, education, government, recreation/arts, commercial/office, and retail/banking).Door opening times, location of the actuator, closing forces, and other physical attributes were recorded for each of 55 doors at 31 unique locations.Disabled door users experienced with one or more assistive devices were consulted to attempt to establish a link between door opening times and perceived difficulty of negotiating the doorway.39% of the doors measured by the author were found to be noncompliant with ADA code in some way.The analysis suggests that there is no significant relationship between the perceived difficulty of the doorway and the time allowed for entry.The study recommends several simple and easy to implement changes to the ANSI/BHMA standard that can increase the safety and accessibility of many of these low energy power operated doors.
Distributed Stochastic Optimization in Networks with Low Informational Exchange (2018)

We consider a distributed stochastic optimization problem in networks with finite number of nodes. Each node adjusts its action to optimize the global utility of the network, which is defined as the sum of local utilities of all nodes. Gradient descent method is a common technique to solve the optimization problem, while the computation of the gradient may require much information exchange. In this paper, we consider that each node can only have a noisy numerical observation of its local utility, of which the closed-form expression is not available. This assumption is quite realistic, especially when the system is too complicated or constantly changing. Nodes may exchange the observation of their local utilities to estimate the global utility at each timeslot. We propose stochastic perturbation based distributed algorithms under the assumptions whether each node has collected local utilities of all or only part of the other nodes. We use tools from stochastic approximation to prove that both algorithms converge to the optimum. The convergence rate of the algorithms is also derived. Although the proposed algorithms can be applied to general optimization problems, we perform simulations considering power control in wireless networks and present numerical results to corroborate our claim.
Studying the Structural and Adsorption Properties of High-Temperature Adsorbents of Carbon Dioxide Supported on Various Carriers (2020)

High-temperature ceramic adsorbents Li2ZrO3, Li4SiO4, and CaSiO3 supported on SiO2, TiO2, and SiC are synthesized. An X-ray diffraction analysis is performed and the behavior of the adsorbents in the absorption of CO2 is studied. It is shown that the adsorbents supported on silicon and titanium dioxides react vigorously with carriers and are destroyed with the formation of the corresponding spinels during thermal pretreatment. It is established that the adsorption ability of such systems is almost completely lost. At the same time, zirconates and silicates deposited on silicon carbide barely react with the carrier and retain a considerable dynamic adsorption capacity with respect to CO2; these systems are characterized by an increased rate of adsorption and restore the original absorption capacity after regeneration.
Fanconi's Anemia in Adulthood: Chemoradiation-Induced Bone Marrow Failure and a Novel FANCA Mutation Identified by Targeted Deep Sequencing (2011)

10.1200/JCO.2011.35.1064
Terbium(III) Luminescence-Based Assay for Esterase Activity (2019)

Esterases\ncatalyze the hydrolysis of esters to form a carboxylic\nacid and alcohol. These enzymes play a key role in both the detoxification\nof xenobiotic compounds and the metabolism of drugs and prodrugs.\nNumerous fluorogenic probes have been developed to monitor esterase\nactivity. Most are based on an aromatic alcohol, and the others are\nbased on an aromatic acid. These restrictions leave unexplored the\nspecificity of esterases for aliphatic esters. Here, we report on\nthe use of esters of thiopheneacetic acid coupled with the luminescence\nof terbium­(III) as the basis for a continuous assay of esterase activity.\nThis probe allows for a wide variation of the alcohol moiety and the\ndetection of its hydrolysis at submicromolar concentrations. The assay\nverifies steady-state kinetic parameters for catalysis by pig liver\nesterase from either initial rates or the integration of progress\ncurves, and its utility is evident with unpurified esterases in bacterial\nand human cell lysates.
Grain Growth Behavior of YIG Sintered Ferrites. (2001)

A microstructure of YIG sintered ferrites are examined for the starting contents of Fe2O3 for its fabrications. For the higher Fe2O3 content in YIG single-phase range, the densification starts at the lower temperatures, then the grain growth is accelerated at high temperatures. In air atmosphere, it can occur at the lower temperatures, as compared with in oxygen atmosphere. As a result, many pores can be observed in YIG ferrites with high Fe2O3 contents sintered in air atmosphere. Further a small amount of Fe2+ ions is detected in sintered YIG ferrites, that is slightly large for the higher Fe2O3 content, or/and the lower oxygen partial pressure or/and the longer sintering time. Eventually the grain growth behavior of YIG ferrites can be considered to be closely related to the formation of ferrous ions in them.
Mild and selective oxyfunctionalization of hydrocarbons by perfluorodialkyloxaziridines (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMild and selective oxyfunctionalization of hydrocarbons by perfluorodialkyloxaziridinesDarryl D. DesMarteau, Alessandro Donadelli, Vittorio Montanari, Viacheslav A. Petrov, and Giuseppe ResnatiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 11, 4897–4898Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00064a063https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00064a063research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views848Altmetric-Citations72LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A phase II trial of riluzole, an antagonist of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (GRM1) signaling, in metastatic melanoma. (2010)

TPS309 Background: Our group made the novel discovery that ectopic expression of GRM1 in murine melanocytes results in transformation to melanoma (Pollock, Nat Genet. 2003). Indeed, aberrant GRM1 expression is detected in >60% of human melanoma cell lines and biopsies, and in vitro human melanoma cells respond to stimulators or inhibitors of GRM1, which modulate cell growth and signaling cascades including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). In a xenograft model of melanoma treated with riluzole, an oral agent that blocks glutamate release, tumor growth was decreased compared with controls (Namkoong, Cancer Res. 2007). To explore mechanistic and pharmacodynamic effects of riluzole in human melanomas, a phase 0 trial was performed. 12 patients with stage III/IV resectable melanoma received riluzole 200 mg qd X 14 days prior to surgery. 4 (34%) showed significant post-treatment decreases in a) tumor levels of pAKT and/or pERK and b) FDG-PET intensity (Yip, Clin Cancer Res. 2009). These data show that glutamate blockade with riluzole inhibits signaling through the MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways and suppresses the metabolic activity of melanoma, indicating that GRM1 may be important in melanoma pathogenesis. We thus sought to explore, for the first time to our knowledge, the antitumor activity of riluzole in melanoma patients. Methods: Patients with stage III unresectable or stage IV melanoma, ECOG PS ≤ 2, and adequate organ function will be given rilzuole 200 mg qd X 6 weeks before restaging, with the primary endpoint of tumor response. Using a Simon two stage minimax design to test the response rate of 5% vs. 20% at alpha=0.05 and power=80%, 13 will accrue in stage 1. If 0 responses are seen the trial will terminate; otherwise, 14 patients will accrue (total 27). If ≤ 3 responses are noted, no further investigation as a single agent is warranted. For the secondary aim of overall survival measurement, cumulative event rate and confidence interval will be calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Pre/post treatment levels of pERK, pAKT, and activated caspase 3 will be compared using appropriate parametric or nonparametric methods. 6 patients have been enrolled with paired tumor samples obtained from most to date. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract A234: Identification and characterization of inhibitor-resistant mutants of the protein-tyrosine kinase c-Fes. (2011)

Abstract Lack of target selectivity is a well-known limitation to the use of chemical inhibitors to pinpoint individual kinase functions in the intricate network of cellular signaling pathways that often involve closely related kinases or unrelated off-target effects. A possible solution to this problem involves the use of inhibitor-resistant mutants of the targeted kinase. Such mutants can be employed in rescue experiments, in which introduction of the mutant kinase reverses the phenotype resulting from chemical inhibition of the endogenous kinase. This chemical genetics approach has been successfully used by our group to dissect roles for individual members of the Src kinase family in embryonic stem cell differentiation and chronic myelogenous leukemia, despite close structural homology within this kinase family. In the present study, we used this approach to validate the specificity of a series of potent inhibitors of the c-Fes kinase that we recently identified in a kinase-biased chemical library screen. The c-Fes protein-tyrosine kinase is involved in multiple cellular signaling pathways that modulate differentiation, the innate immune response, vasculogenesis and tumorigenesis. Using site-directed mutagenesis, we systematically altered residues around the inhibitor-binding pocket defined in a recent crystal structure of the c-Fes SH2-kinase region bound to the diaminopyrimidine inhibitor, TAE684. We first mutated the gatekeeper methionine (Met636) of Fes, which helps mediate TAE684 binding in the crystal, but found that substitutions at this position inactivated kinase function. Additional point mutations that retained kinase activity were then tested against TAE684 and other potent small molecule inhibitors of c-Fes. This screen identified a leucine residue near the gatekeeper position (Leu638) to be critical in conferring sensitivity to both TAE864 and the more Fes-selective pyrazolopyrimidine, WZ-4-49-8. Replacement of this Leu638 with a bulkier tyrosine or phenylalanine rendered c-Fes very resistant to WZ-4-49-8, with IC50 values increasing from the low nanomolar range for wild-type Fes to the micromolar range for the mutants in an in vitro kinase assay. These data implicate Leu638 as an important specificity determinant for future design of more potent and selective inhibitors of c-Fes. Ongoing studies are using this resistant mutant to validate novel roles for Fes in biological systems impacted by TAE684 and WZ-4-49-8 treatment, including differentiation of macrophages (a major site of c-Fes expression) to osteoclasts. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2011 Nov 12-16; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2011;10(11 Suppl):Abstract nr A234.
TRIAD: Translating Relaying Internetwork Architecture Integrating Active Directories: Final Report (2003)

Abstract : The TRIAD project addresses a crisis in the Internet architecture that has arisen because the original architecture has been significantly compromised to support content distribution and NAT, reducing the robustness and the security of Internet applications, yet IPv6 does not address these problems fully and shows no immediate prospect of being significantly deployed. This research developed and demonstrated the benefits of a new/revised Internet architecture in which all endpoints and (multicast) channels are identified by name rather than address. This simple change in Internet design leads to a consequential set of changes, including name-based checksums, integrated naming and routing, unified transport, secure internet access, feedback-based routing and a number of other innovations that dramatically improve the availability and security of the Internet without imposing the gratuitous cost of changing to IPv6, which fails to address these issue. TRIAD's revolutionary approach to Internet architecture thus allows multi-dimensional scaling that is particularly suitable for future military needs, including very small-scale embedded systems and distributed command and control.
Tin Monosulfide Thin Films Grown by Atomic Layer Deposition Using Tin 2,4-Pentanedionate and Hydrogen Sulfide (2010)

Tin monosulfide (SnS) was grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD) using sequential exposures of tin(II) 2,4-pentanedionate (Sn(acac)2) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). In situ quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) studies showed that the SnS ALD mass gain per cycle was 11−12 ng/cm2 at 175 °C on a gold-covered QCM sensor. Using a film density of 5.07 g/cm3 determined by X-ray reflectivity measurements, these mass gains are equivalent to SnS ALD growth rates of 0.22−0.24 Å/cycle. The ratio of the mass loss and mass gain (|Δm2/Δm1|) from the H2S and Sn(acac)2 reactions was |Δm2/Δm1| ∼ 0.32 at 175 °C. This measured ratio is close to the predicted ratio from the proposed surface chemistry for SnS ALD. The SnS ALD was self-limiting versus the Sn(acac)2 and H2S exposures. The SnS ALD growth rate was also independent of substrate temperature from 125 to 225 °C. The SnS ALD growth on Al2O3 ALD substrates displayed nucleation problems and smaller growth rates. These differences may be caused by site blocking by the Al(acac)* surface species. X-ray fluorescence studies confirmed a Sn/S atomic ratio of ∼1.0 for the SnS ALD films. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements revealed that the SnS ALD films contained oxygen impurities at 15−20 atom % after air exposure. These oxygen-containing SnS ALD films displayed a band gap of ∼1.87 eV that is higher than the SnS bulk value of ∼1.3 eV. In addition, these SnS ALD films produced very weak photoluminescence at room temperature. SnS ALD may be useful to fabricate photovoltaic or solar conversion devices.
AI Can Stop Mass Shootings, and More (2021)

We propose to build directly upon our longstanding, prior r&amp;d in AI/machine ethics in order to attempt to make real the blue-sky idea of AI that can thwart mass shootings, by bringing to bear its ethical reasoning. The r&amp;d in question is overtly and avowedly logicist in form, and since we are hardly the only ones who have established a firm foundation in the attempt to imbue AI's with their own ethical sensibility, the pursuit of our proposal by those in different methodological camps should, we believe, be considered as well. We seek herein to make our vision at least somewhat concrete by anchoring our exposition to two simulations, one in which the AI saves the lives of innocents by locking out a malevolent human's gun, and a second in which this malevolent agent is allowed by the AI to be neutralized by law enforcement. Along the way, some objections are anticipated, and rebutted.
Integrated Real-Time Calibration of Electromagnetic Tracking of User Motions for Engineering Applications in Virtual Environments (2002)

A real-time integrated calibration system for virtual reality environments has been developed that enables accurate electromagnetic tracking of user motions. Electromagnetic tracking systems suffer degradation in accuracy due to the presence of metals and other electromagnetic distortions in the environment. Calibration of the virtual environment to account for these distortions is essential for VR applications in engineering where correlation between the virtual environment and the physical world is important. The major contribution of the paper is the presentation of a comprehensive methodology for calibrating the VR space, the numerical/mathematical techniques proposed for the calibration, and case studies for calibration accuracy and execution time to enable using these techniques in real time in an integrated setup.
Author Correction: Distribution pattern of leftventricular myocardial strain analyzed by a cine MRI based deformation registration algorithm in healthy Chinese volunteers (2020)

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Intracellular Cargo Delivery Induced by Irradiating Polymer Substrates with Nanosecond-Pulsed Lasers (2021)

There is a great need in the biomedical field to efficiently, and cost-effectively, deliver membrane-impermeable molecules into the cellular cytoplasm. However, the cell membrane is a selectively permeable barrier, and large molecules often cannot pass through the phospholipid bilayer. We show that nanosecond laser-activated polymer surfaces of commercial polyvinyl tape and black polystyrene Petri dishes can transiently permeabilize cells for high-throughput, diverse cargo delivery of sizes of up to 150 kDa. The polymer surfaces are biocompatible and support normal cell growth of adherent cells. We determine the optimal irradiation conditions for poration, influx of fluorescent molecules into the cell, and post-treatment viability of the cells. The simple and low-cost substrates we use have no thin-metal structures, do not require cleanroom fabrication, and provide spatial selectivity and scalability for biomedical applications.
Supplementary Methods from Quantitative live imaging of cancer and normal cells treated with Kinesin-5 inhibitors indicates significant differences in phenotypic responses and cell fate (2023)

Supplementary Methods from Quantitative live imaging of cancer and normal cells treated with Kinesin-5 inhibitors indicates significant differences in phenotypic responses and cell fate
Decision Making for Symbolic Probability (2012)

This paper proposes a decision theory for a symbolic generalization of probability theory (SP). Darwiche and Ginsberg [2,3] proposed SP to relax the requirement of using numbers for uncertainty while preserving desirable patterns of Bayesian reasoning. SP represents uncertainty by symbolic supports that are ordered partially rather than completely as in the case of standard probability. We show that a preference relation on acts that satisfies a number of intuitive postulates is represented by a utility function whose domain is a set of pairs of supports. We argue that a subjective interpretation is as useful and appropriate for SP as it is for numerical probability. It is useful because the subjective interpretation provides a basis for uncertainty elicitation. It is appropriate because we can provide a decision theory that explains how preference on acts is based on support comparison.
Role of conserved regions of class I MHC molecules in the activation of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes by peptide and purified cell-free class I molecules (1993)

To analyze the molecular interactions involved in CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) recognition quantitatively, we developed a cell-free antigen presenting system. Genetically engineered soluble H-2Dd molecules coated on plastic microtiter plates could present HIV envelope peptide to an antigen-specific CTL clone, inducing it to produce IFN-gamma in the absence of accessory cells and their accessory or co-stimulatory molecules. The peptide-MHC complexes were functionally stable for over 24 h. The magnitude of T cell activation was dependent on the concentrations of both class I MHC molecule and the peptide, but was more sensitive to the concentration of the MHC molecule than to that of peptide. This result suggests that one MHC molecule can play more than one role in activating the CTL. One such role is the interaction between CD8 and a conserved region of class I MHC, as suggested by the finding that holding the total MHC concentration constant with an irrelevant class I MHC molecule (H-2Kb engineered to have the same alpha 3 domain as H-2Dd) made the T cell response less sensitive to the change in concentration of the relevant MHC molecule (H-2Dd). The irrelevant class I MHC molecule (H-2Kb), unable to present this peptide by itself, augmented the T cell response at lower concentrations of peptide. These results suggest that the conserved alpha 3 domain of the class I MHC heavy chain as well as polymorphic regions play an important role in T cell activation and that T cell interaction with MHC molecules not presenting peptide can still augment the response.