gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimized Operations and Integrity Management Through Instrumentation (2012)

During drilling and well intervention (DWI) operations today operating limits are normally given as limiting wave height, and sometimes wave periods. The resulting diagrams are often not directly comparable with weather information received on the rig and the final decisions are often based on subjective assessment of wave height and period. The paper will present how BP, on the newly developed Skarv field in the Norwegian Sea, through thorough planning in the engineering phase has implemented a system where operating limits are specified based on directly measurable parameters such as rig heave and upper and lower flexjoint angles. How weather forecasting can be translated to give the rig crew direct forecasting of the limiting vessel or riser responses (e.g. flexjoint angles or heave), will also be presented. It will be shown how this allows for improved operational planning and support from onshore. Over the last years requirements for oil companies to be able to document the structural integrity of their subsea assets, including wells, has increased. On the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS) there has been a particular focus on fatigue loading in the wellhead structure, including the upper sections of casing and conductor, due to loads induced by the riser and BOP during DWI operations. There have been cases where the design fatigue life of a wellhead system limits the number of days one can perform operations with a rig on a given well. This in term affects future oil recovery rates as the well fatigue life may not be sufficient to allow for side step drilling or intervention work required to maintain an optimal production from the well. The paper continues to present how BP on the Skarv field, stores and utilizes the measured lower flexjoint response to track and document well integrity. It will be demonstrated how the return on investment of a drilled well can be improved by documenting actual fatigue loading from each operation on a well compared to conservative design calculations. BP has addressed the above issues in a way that is likely to set a new standard for drilling and intervention operations in the North Sea in the future. 4Subsea AS has provided the engineering and instrumentation services that formed the basis for this paper.
Hardware/Software Co-Design for Sensor Security (2023)

Most sensors cannot differentiate between legitimate signals and spoofing signals. Therefore, a novel research focus is required using hardware/software co-design techniques in the sensor computation domain to detect, contain, and eradicate spoofing signals in sensors.
Interface electronics for a CMOS electrothermal frequency-locked-loop (2007)

A new architecture for a CMOS electrothermal frequency-locked-loop (FLL) is presented. Unlike previous work, it does not require the use of off-chip capacitors. The FLL's output frequency is determined by the well-defined thermal diffusivity of bulk silicon. Measurements show that the spread in the FLL's output frequency corresponds to an untrimmed inaccuracy of less than plusmn0.7degC (3sigma) over the temperature range from -40degC to 100degC.
Thermal Shrinkage (2000)

Summary: Thermal shrinkage has become an increasingly used surgical technique in the management of shoulder instability. A review of reported studies provides insight into the potential therapeutic role for thermal shrinkage and which patient groups may be most appropriately treated with this procedure. Additionally, research has demonstrated that certain technical issues specific to thermal shrinkage can potentially improve the safety of its clinical application. Future studies on the results and complications of thermal shrinkage will provide necessary information to further refine patient selection and improve the surgical technique.
Leveraging Gigawatt Potentials by Smart Heat‐Pump Technologies Using Ionic Liquids (2011)

One of the greatest challenges to science in the 21 st century is the development of efficient energy production, storage, and transformation systems with minimal ecological footprints. Due to the lack of efficient heat-transformation technologies, industries around the world currently waste energy in the gigawatt range at low temperatures (40-80 °C). These energy potentials can be unlocked or used more efficiently through a new generation of smart heat pumps operating with novel ionic liquid (IL)-based working pairs. The new technology is expected to allow revolutionary technical progress in heat-transformation devices, for example, significantly higher potential efficiencies, lower specific investments, and broader possibilities to incorporate waste energy from renewable sources. Furthermore, due to drastically reduced corrosion rates and excellent thermal stabilities of the new, IL-based working pairs, the high driving temperatures necessary for multi-effect cycles such as double- or triple-effect absorption chillers, can also be realized. The details of this novel and innovative heat-transformation technology are described.
Wavesurfer: A Tool for Sound Analysis (2006)

Researchers in the Interactive Systems Group at UTEP have been using a research tool called Didi for some time now. It was originally designed to be easily adaptable. This tool has proven to be adaptable as it has been changed by different researchers to suit particular needs. As a result, multiple versions of the program exist. In addition to this, the tool only works in Linux and has grown quite a bit. To solve these problems, the different versions could have been consolidated into one program and modified to produce a version that worked on other platforms, or another program could be customized instead. In order to make an informed decision about which alternative was more feasible, research was conducted on a potential replacement candidate called Wavesurfer. This paper briefly describes Didi, Wavesurfer, the initial modifications to Wavesurfer, and possible future modifications to Wavesurfer.
Tumor necrosis factor cytotoxicity is associated with phospholipase D activation (1993)

The activation of phospholipase D in different cell lines treated with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has been investigated. When the murine fibrosarcoma cell lines L929 and WEHI164c113, as well as the human promonocytic cell line U937, were prelabeled with [14C]palmitic acid or [3H]arachidonic acid, and treated with TNF in the presence of ethanol, TNF induced the synthesis of [14C]phosphatidylethanol or [3H]phosphatidylethanol, respectively, as the result of a phospholipase-D-catalyzed transphosphatidylation. TNF-induced phospholipase D activity was observed 1 h before the onset of cell killing and gradually increased thereafter. Subclones selected for resistance to TNF cytotoxicity did not show phospholipase D activation in response to TNF. In contrast, when these subclones were treated with TNF in the presence of actinomycin D, TNF cytotoxicity as well as TNF-induced phospholipase D activity could be restored. TNF cytotoxicity and TNF-induced phospholipase D activity were equally modulated by various drugs known to interfere with different steps in the TNF-signaling pathway. Phospholipase D activation was found not to be the result of cell killing per se, as a number of other cytotoxic reagents were unable to activate phospholipase D. Prelabeling of cells with [14C]lysophosphatidylcholine indicated phosphatidylcholine as one of the substrates for TNF-activated phospholipase D. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that TNF-induced cytotoxicity is associated with activation of phospholipase D.
Single molecule force measurements delineate salt, pH and surface effects on biopolymer adhesion (2009)

In this paper we probe the influence of surface properties, pH and salt on the adhesion of recombinant spider silk proteins onto solid substrates with single molecule force spectroscopy. A single engineered spider silk protein (monomeric C(16) or dimeric (QAQ)(8)NR3) is covalently bound with one end to an AFM tip, which assures long-time measurements for hours with one and the same protein. The tip with the protein is brought into contact with various substrates at various buffer conditions and then retracted to desorb the protein. We observe a linear dependence of the adhesion force on the concentration of three selected salts (NaCl, NaH(2)PO(4) and NaI) and a Hofmeister series both for anions and cations. As expected, the more hydrophobic C(16) shows a higher adhesion force than (QAQ)(8)NR3, and the adhesion force rises with the hydrophobicity of the substrate. Unexpected is the magnitude of the dependences--we never observe a change of more than 30%, suggesting a surprisingly well-regulated balance between dispersive forces, water-structure-induced forces as well as co-solute-induced forces in biopolymer adhesion.
Reactive single-step hot-pressing and magnetocaloric performance of polycrystalline Fe$_2$Al$_{1.15-x}$B$_2$Ge$_x$Ga$_x$ ($x=0, 0.05$) MAB phases (2023)

Reactive single-step hot-pressing at 1473 K and 35 MPa for 4 h produces dense, bulk, near single-phase, low-cost and low-criticality Fe$_2$Al$_{1.15}$B$_2$ and Fe$_2$Al$_{1.1}$B$_2$Ge$_{0.05}$Ga$_{0.05}$ MAB samples, showing a second-order magnetic phase transition with favorable magnetocaloric properties around room temperature. The magnetic as well as magnetocaloric properties can be tailored upon Ge and Ga doping, leading to an increase of Curie temperature $T_C$ and spontaneous magnetization $m_S$. The maximum isothermal entropy change $Δs_{T,max}$ of hot-pressed Fe$_2$Al$_{1.15}$B$_2$ in magnetic field changes of 2 and 5 T amounts to 2.5 and 5 J(kgK)$^{-1}$ at 287.5 K and increases by Ge and Ga addition to 3.1 and 6.2 J(kgK)$^{-1}$ at 306.5 K, respectively. The directly measured maximum adiabatic temperature change $ΔT_{ad,max}$ is improved by the composition modification from 0.9 to 1.1 K in magnetic field changes of 1.93 T. Overall, we demonstrate that hot-pressing provides a much faster, more scalable and processing cost reducing alternative compared to conventional synthesis routes to produce heat exchangers for magnetic cooling devices. Therefore, our criticality assessment shows that hot-pressed Fe-based MAB phases provide a promising compromise of material and processing cost, criticality and magnetocaloric performance, demonstrating the potential for low-cost and low-criticality magnetocaloric applications around room temperature.
The Effect of Patient Diameter on the Dual-Energy Ratio of Selected Contrast-Producing Elements (2016)

The dual-energy ratio for different contrast materials is largely unaffected by changes in phantom diameter. This should allow for robust separation of most contrast material combinations irrespective of patient size.
Immunoregulation in Urinary Tract Inflammation—A Role of Tamm-Horsfall Glycoprotein (2005)

The Tamm-Horsfall protein (THP), the most abundant protein in normal urine, was discovered five decades ago ([1][1]), or possibly even much earlier ([2][2]), but the role for the most abundant protein in normal urine had remained enigmatic for a long time. It is expressed in the thick ascending limb
Peripheral Vascular Anomalies – Essentials in Periinterventional Imaging (2019)

· Sadick M, Overhoff D, Baessler B et al. Peripheral Vascular Anomalies - Essentials in Periinterventional Imaging. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2020; 192: 150 - 162.
Sustained Recovery of Na+-K+-ATPase Activity in Sciatic Nerve of Diabetic Mice by Administration of H7 or Calphostin C, Inhibitors of PKC (1993)

We have previously shown that intraperitoneal injection of H-7, an inhibitor of PKC, restores completely the activity of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase in sciatic nerve of diabetic mice; however, the effect was transient, with a half-life of approximately 1 h under the conditions used. This work assessed whether calphostin C, a new more potent and specific inhibitor of PKC, is also able to restore the activity of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase in sciatic nerve of ALX-induced diabetic mice and also assessed if continuous administration of H-7 or calphostin C can afford sustained recovery of the ATPase. Small amounts of calphostin C (i.e., 2 micrograms/kg) restore entirely the activity of the enzyme. Larger doses (e.g., 30 micrograms/kg) can be administered with equal results. The ED50 was approximately 0.5 micrograms/kg. This indicates that calphostin C is approximately 20,000 times more potent than H-7 in restoring the ATPase activity in diabetic mice. A single intraperitoneal injection of 1 or 10 micrograms/kg of calphostin C maintains the enzyme for 4 and 8 h, respectively. Administration of H-7 by continuous delivery from micro-osmotic pumps implanted in the back of the mice maintains the Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase for 24 h, although the activity decreases thereafter. This is the result of instability of H-7 in solution. Continous administration of calphostin C maintains the activity of the ATPase at nearly normal values for at least 2 wk. The results support the hypothesis that, in sciatic nerve tissue of diabetic animals, the activity of PKC is increased, leading to higher phosphorylation of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase, which results in the decreased activity observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Factors Influencing Establishment of Neem Plantations in Southern Tamil Nadu, India (2019)

Neem declared as the tree of 21st century by United Nations. Neem plantation in agro - forestry will strengthen social and economic status of the rural households. Collection of Neem seeds and leaves are the important means of supplementary employment and extra income for the rural households particularly the rural women. Neem products are used in multiple uses and hence it has great demand. Because of this, the farmers are interested in establishing Neem Plantations in their farm holdings. Neem is highly profitable according to economic parameters and capable of generating highest Internal Rate of Return. The cost of Neem seed collection per kg is arrived at Rs three and the selling price is around 38 per kg on provision of quality seeds and hence certain seed collectors pay special attention on maintaining the quality to get a higher price per unit of Neem seeds. On an average, a Neem tree could yield 58 kg of seeds and in a ha area, the plantation can provide a yield of 11.75 tonnes of Neem seeds. Considering the economic potentials filled with Neem, higher area is visualized in the study environment in the future years. Price per unit of Neem seeds found to be the principal factor in influencing the Neem seed collection.
ESD robustness of a BiCMOS SiGe technology (2002)

High current characterization of epitaxial-base pseudomorphic silicon germanium heterojunction npn bipolar transistors (HBT) for evaluation of the electrostatic discharge (ESD) robustness is reported. BiCMOS active and passive elements are discussed.
Graphoepitaxy of Ge on SiO2 by solid-state surface-energy-driven grain growth (1984)

Solid-state surface-energy-driven grain growth in 30-nm-thick Ge films on SiO2, encapsulated with SiO2, produces a predominance of (110) crystallographic texture in secondary grains several micrometers in diameter. If the SiO2 substrate is patterned with a 0.2-μm period relief grating, ∼10 nm deep, with approximately square-wave profile, many of the secondary grains that form have (100) texture. These grains show a graphoepitaxial orientation with 〈100〉 directions preferentially parallel to the grating axis.
Efficacious, Orally Bioavailable Thrombin Inhibitors Based on 3-Aminopyridinone or 3-Aminopyrazinone Acetamide Peptidomimetic Templates (1998)

We have addressed the key deficiency of noncovalent pyridinone acetamide thrombin inhibitor L-374,087 (1), namely, its modest half-lives in animals, by making a chemically stable 3-alkylaminopyrazinone bioisostere for its 3-sulfonylaminopyridinone core. Compound 3 (L-375,378), the closest aminopyrazinone analogue of 1, has comparable selectivity and slightly decreased efficacy but significantly improved pharmacokinetics in rats, dogs, and monkeys to 1. We have developed an efficient and versatile synthesis of 3, and this compound has been chosen for further preclinical and clinical development.
Mild Palladium-Catalyzed Cyanation of (Hetero)aryl Halides and Triflates in Aqueous Media (2015)

ABSTRACT: A mild, efficient, and low-temperature palla-dium-catalyzed cyanation of (hetero)aryl halides and triflates is reported. Previous palladium-catalyzed cyanations of (hetero)-aryl halides have required higher temperatures to achieve good catalytic activity. This current reaction allows the cyanation of a general scope of (hetero)aryl halides and triflates at 2−5 mol % catalyst loadings with temperatures ranging from rt to 40 °C. This mild method was applied to the synthesis of lersivirine, a reverse transcriptase inhibitor. The nitrile functional group is prevalent in organic materials,1polymers,2 dyes,3 pesticides,4 natural products,5 and pharmaceuticals.6 The compact nature of the nitrile moiety, as well as its hydrogen bond accepting ability, metabolic stability in vivo studies, and use as a hydroxyl or carboxyl isostere has made it an important functional group in medicinal chemistry research.7 Currently, there are over 30 approved drugs along with 20
<title>ViBE video database system: an update and further studies</title> (1999)

In this paper we extend the shot transition detection component of the ViBE video database system to include gradual scene changes. ViBE, a browsable/searchable paradigm for organizing video data containing a large number of sequences, is being developed at Purdue as a testbed to explore ideas and concepts in video databases. We also present result on the performance of our cut detection algorithm using a large test set. The performance of two other techniques are compared against our method.
The Application of Laser Microdissection to In Planta Gene Expression Profiling of the Maize Anthracnose Stalk Rot Fungus Colletotrichum graminicola (2006)

Laser microdissection (LM) offers a potential means for deep sampling of a fungal plant-pathogen transcriptome during the infection process using whole-genome DNA microarrays. The use of a fluorescent protein-expressing fungus can greatly facilitate the identification of fungal structures for LM sampling. However, fixation methods that preserve both tissue histology and protein fluorescence, and that also yield RNA of suitable quality for microarray applications, have not been reported. We developed a microwave-accelerated acetone fixation, paraffin-embedding method that fulfills these requirements and used it to prepare mature maize stalk tissues infected with an Anemonia majano cyan fluorescent protein-expressing isolate of the anthracnose stalk rot fungus Colletotrichum graminicola. We successfully used LM to isolate individual maize cells associated with C. graminicola hyphae at an early stage of infection. The LM-derived RNA, after two-round linear amplification, was of sufficient quality and quantity for global expression profiling using a fungal microarray. Comparing replicated LM samples representing an early stage of stalk cell infection with samples from in vitro-germinated conidia, we identified 437 and 370 C. graminicola genes showing significant up- or downregulation, respectively. We confirmed the differential expression of several representative transcripts by quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and documented extensive overlap of this dataset with a PCR-subtraction library enriched for C. graminicola transcripts in planta. Our results demonstrate that LM is feasible for in planta pathogen expression profiling and can reveal clues about fungal genes involved in pathogenesis. The method in this report may be advantageous for visualizing a variety of cellular features that depend on a high degree of histochemical preservation and RNA integrity prior to LM.
Fluid dynamics and detailed kinetic modeling of pollutant emissions from lean combustion systems (2009)

A methodology for computing steady turbulent reacting flows in combustors is presented. A 3-D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) proprietary code and a kinetic post-processor (KPP) have been coupled and applied to calculate the gas temperature and pollutant emissions. A first application of the above calculation methodology has been carried out on Lean-Burn innovative injection system (PERM), designed and developed in the frame of the EU program for NEW Aero engine Core concepts NEWAC [1]. This injection system was studied experimentally in a tubular combustor in order to perform the first assessment in terms pollutant emissions at the outlet at different operating conditions.&#13;\nMeasurements and the corresponding model results refer to the tubular combustor operating at medium pressure (8 bar) and different AFRs. The model predictions are compared with experimental results and globally the agreement is satisfactory, especially for NO emissions. The observed deviation between measurements and prediction is discussed for both CO and NO2 and further investigations are underway to explain the observed behavior. The analysis of data provides useful information for further improvements in modeling and experimental activities. A validation activity in a wider range of operating conditions, both in terms of inlet air pressure and temperature, is planned to further validate the modeling approach and to provide new experimental data aimed at addressing the mechanisms of CO and NOx emissions from lean combustion systems.
Quantification of Large Deformation with Punching in Dual Phase Steel and Change of its Microstructure –Part I: Proposal of the Quantification Technique of the Punching Damage of the Dual Phase Steel (2016)

Dual Phase (DP) steel is used in automotive body parts for weight saving and crashworthiness, however there is an issue of DP steel in low stretch flange ability evaluated by hole expanding tests. In order to improve stretch flange ability of DP steel, it is important to estimate the damage of punching quantitatively and to clarify the change of microstructure before and after punching because the hole expansion ratio is decided in the ductility remained after pre-strain equivalent to punching. Therefore we tried to measure the damage of punching by unique techniques of Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD), nano-indentation and micro-tensile testing and to observe fracture surface by Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope (STEM). Average EBSD-Kernel Average Misorientation (KAM) value and pre-strain damage have strong correlation, thus average KAM value can become the index of the damage. The nanohardness and tensile strength using micrometer-sized specimens increased with increasing average KAM value in the ferritic phase as approaching the punching edge. A shear type fracture occurred without necking in the specimen cut out in the area of the edge. The ultrafine-grained ferritic microstructure was observed in the sample cut out in the same area with STEM. It seems that the ductility loss of the punched DP steel was probably attributed to localized strain into the ultrafine-grained ferritic microstructure.