gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effector TCD8use different homing receptor/ligand interactions to enter subcutaneous and intraperitoneal B16 melanoma tumors (TUM7P.1022) (2015)

Abstract Immunotherapies have the potential to control cancer, but are currently only effective in patients with a preexisting TCD8infiltrate. TCD8infiltration into tissues relies on interactions between homing receptors on TCD8and ligands on the vasculature. However, those required for entry into tumors are incompletely characterized. Using B16 melanoma expressing the strong antigen ovalbumin, the homing receptor ligands VCAM-1 and E-selectin were more highly expressed on SC tumor vasculature, while MadCAM-1 was expressed more highly on IP tumor vasculature. B16 parental tumors and tumors grown in Rag1KO animals expressed negligible levels of VCAM-1 and MadCAM-1, suggesting that activated adaptive immune cells that previously infiltrated the tumor drove their expression. Our previous work showed that anatomical site of TCD8priming results in differential expression of α4β1, α4β7, and E-Selectin Ligand (ESL) on effectors. We showed that α4β1+ effectors enter SC and IP tumors via interaction with VCAM-1, while ESL+ effectors preferentially enter SC tumors via interaction with E-Selectin. Unexpectedly, α4β7 and MadCAM-1 did not mediate entry into IP tumors, apparently because MadCAM-1 was not expressed on the luminal surface. Our results suggest that the commonly used SC vaccination route generates effectors that may not home efficiently to visceral metastases. Vaccination targeting non-skin draining LN may generate effectors that infiltrate visceral metastases more efficiently.
Comparative studies of polymer‐dispersed liquid crystal films via a thiol‐ene click reaction (2019)

In this work, the thiol‐ene click reaction is employed to fabricate polymer‐dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films by photoinitiated polymerization. The PDLC films are prepared by systematic variation of key conditions: variety and content of ‐ene monomer, liquid crystal (LC) content, curing time, and curing light intensity. We find that both the morphologies and electro‐optic properties of these films are adjustable. When increasing the length of alkyl main chain of ‐ene monomers, the driving voltages reduce, but in turn, the contrast ratio decreases. Increasing ‐ene monomer content raises the driving voltages as well as the response time, and the increase of LC content lowers the driving voltages but has a negative effect on the contrast ratio. The changes to the curing conditions (both curing time and UV light intensity) can be used to modify the driving voltages, response time, and contrast ratios of PDLC films. These comparative studies will elucidate new insights in commercial applications of intelligent PDLC films.
Inonotus rickii (瑞克纤孔菌) 提取物对肌肉收缩强度影响的评估 (2021)

本研究的目的是测试木腐真菌 Inonotus Rickii 子实体的水提取物、酯提取物和醇提取物对动物横切肌和平滑肌收缩引起的运动活性的影响。采用“剂量-反应” 曲线法（平滑肌）和口服提取物实验（CNS介导的对横断面肌的影响） in vitro 测定了 I. rickii 原料的药理活性。菌类材料水提取物与标准咖啡因相比，平滑肌运动活性呈现增加，这说明菌类提取物具有对突触的刺激作用。研究发现， I. rickii 提取物具有类似神经递质乙酰胆碱的平滑肌收缩作用。同时，水提取物显示了最大的刺激活性，这可能与乙醚和乙醇对胆碱能受体的抑制作用有关。所描述的效应将活性提取物的分馏和所描述效应的治疗应用的进一步实验都提上了议事日程。该物质可能应用的领域包括心血管重塑，在一系列手术中维持平滑肌张力，以及对恶性肿瘤的姑息治疗。
Speech‐based markers for posttraumatic stress disorder in US veterans (2019)

This study demonstrates that a speech-based algorithm can objectively differentiate PTSD cases from controls. The RF classifier had a high AUC. Further validation in an independent sample and appraisal of the classifier to identify those with MDD only compared with those with PTSD comorbid with MDD is required.
Lassa Fever Virus (2014)

Abstract Lassa virus, a member of the Arenaviridae family, is an enveloped virus with a bisegmented, linear, single‐stranded ribonucleic acid genome. Infection with Lassa virus can result in a range of outcomes from a mild or asymptomatic infection to Lassa fever, a severe and often fatal viral haemorrhagic fever. Human infection with Lassa virus occurs through contact with the reservoir Mastomys natalensis or infected humans. There are an estimated 300 000–500 000 cases of Lassa fever in West Africa each year, with most recorded cases occurring in Sierra Leone and Nigeria. Presently, there is no licensed vaccine or immunotherapy available for preventing or treating this disease. Although the antiviral drug ribavirin can be beneficial, it must be administered at an early stage of infection to successfully alter the disease outcome, thereby limiting its utility. Key Concepts: Lassa virus, a member of the Arenaviridae family, is the aetiologic agent of Lassa fever. Infection with Lassa virus can result in a range of outcomes from a mild or asymptomatic infection to severe and often fatal viral haemorrhagic fever. Signs and symptoms of Lassa fever are highly variable, which challenges early diagnosis. Lassa virus has an enveloped virion with a bisegmented, linear, single‐stranded ribonucleic acid genome. The Lassa virus virion contains nucleoprotein NP, zinc protein Z, glycoproteins GP1 and GP2 and an unusually long and stable signal peptide SSP. Human infection with Lassa virus occurs through contact with its reservoir Mastomys natalensis or infected humans. An estimated 300 000–500 000 cases of Lassa fever occur in West Africa each year, with most recorded cases occurring in Sierra Leone and Nigeria. No licensed vaccine or immunotherapy is presently available for preventing or treating Lassa fever. The antiviral drug ribavirin can be beneficial, but must be administered early, limiting its utility.
Abstract B99: Dysregulation of HMGCR and the mevalonate pathway in human cancers (2009)

Abstract The importance of cancer metabolism has been appreciated for many years, but the intricacies of how metabolic pathways and oncogenic events overlap remains unclear. By understanding how metabolism contributes to tumorigenesis, we will be able to target these fundamental biochemical pathways and impact patient care. The mevalonate (MVA) pathway, paced by its rate-limiting enzyme, hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR), is a metabolic pathway required for the generation of a number of fundamental end-products including cholesterol and isoprenoids. Despite being subject to years of extensive research from the perspective of coronary artery disease, the contribution of the MBA pathway to human cancer remains largely unexplored. Intriguingly, we show that high mRNA levels of 5/6 MVA pathway genes, including HMGCR, correlate with poor prognosis in a meta-analysis of six large expression microarray datasets of primary breast cancer. Indeed, we show that deregulated expression of HMGCR, full-length or splice-variant, increases anchorage-independent growth and tumorigenesis of transformed cells when plated in soft agar or grown as xenografts, respectively. Moreover, we also show that ectopic expression of deregulated HMGCR drives tumorigenesis of non-transformed breast cells a well as normal murine myeloid progenitors. Advancing these studies to an independent tumor-type (multiple-myeloma), shows that loss of the classic feedback response to the blockbuster drugs known as statins, which inhibit HMGCR, further defines dysregulation of the MVA pathway. In addition, we show that this loss of feedback regulation distinguishes the subset of tumor cells that are highly sensitive to statin-induced apoptosis. Taken together, our results suggest that HMGCR is a candidate metabolic oncogene and provides molecular rationale for further exploring HMGCR inhibitors as anticancer agents. Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(12 Suppl):B99.
Supplemental Figure S2 from Histone Deacetylase HDAC8 Promotes Insulin Resistance and β-Catenin Activation in NAFLD-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;HDAC8 is directly regulated by SREBP-1 in HCC cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Comparison of PWM zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) DC-DC converters with output isolation (2002)

Zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) isolated boost power converters are analyzed and investigated in this paper. Zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) and proper core reset can be achieved through the resonance that exists between the magnetizing inductance and the parasitic capacitance. A steady-state analysis is given to illustrate the principle of operation. The presented power converters were simulated and implemented to show that the experimental results are in good agreement with theoretical analyses. Comparisons in terms of the voltage and current stresses, soft switching range, complexity and efficiency are provided to show that a ZVS power converter using a small network in parallel with a transformer secondary winding has best performance.
Optical Modulators for 100 GbE (2007)

We describe optical modulation techniques for high-capacity transmission systems. An integrated versatile modulator consisting of three Mach-Zehnder structures can achieve various types of lightwave modulation, such as differential quadrature phase shift keying, quadrature amplitude modulation.
Periprocedural anticoagulation in the uninterrupted edoxaban vs. vitamin K antagonists for ablation of atrial fibrillation (ELIMINATE-AF) trial (2020)

The rate of procedure-related major/clinically relevant non-major bleeding did not differ between the treatment arms despite higher doses of UFH used with edoxaban vs. VKA to achieve a target ACT during AF ablation.
Control of Cross Relaxation of Multiple‐Quantum Coherences Induced by Fast Chemical Exchange under Heteronuclear Double‐Resonance Irradiation (2010)

A fully analytical description of the control of the cross-correlated cross relaxation of multiple-quantum coherences in the presence of local dynamics under heteronuclear double-resonance radio-frequency (RF) irradiation is presented. The contribution of chemical exchange to relaxation can be partly or fully quenched by RF fields. We assume a correlated two-site chemical exchange model with arbitrary populations, and show that in the limit of fast exchange the dependence of the effective multiple-quantum cross-relaxation rate on the applied RF amplitude can be described by a compact analytical expression. Numerical simulations and preliminary experiments support our theoretical results. The relaxation dispersion as a function of RF amplitude can provide accurate information on the kinetics of correlated processes.
Overcoming Bifurcation Instability in High-Repetition-Rate Ho:YLF Regenerative Amplifiers (2015)

We demonstrate a Ho:YLF regenerative amplifier (RA) overcoming bifurcation instability and consequently achieving high extraction energies of 6.9 mJ at a repetition rate of 1 kHz with pulse-to-pulse fluctuations of 1.1%. Measurements of the output pulse energy, corroborated by numerical simulations, identify an operation point that allows high-energy pulse extraction at a minimum noise level. Complete suppression of the onset of bifurcation was achieved by gain saturation after each pumping cycle in the Ho:YLF crystal via lowering the repetition rate and cooling the crystal. Even for moderate cooling, a significant temperature dependence of the Ho:YLF RA performance was observed.
MHC Class II Gene Silencing in Trophoblast Cells Is Caused by Inhibition of CIITA Expression (1998)

The lack of induction of MHC class II genes in response to IFN-gamma in trophoblast cells is caused neither by the absence of factors that bind class II promoters, nor by a lesion in the IFN-gamma signaling pathway, but results from a specific inhibition of the CIITA gene.
Fabrication and characterization of a compressive-sampling multispectral imaging system (2009)

We describe the fabrication and characterization of a compressive-sampling multispectral imaging (CS-MSI) system that uses single-pixel detectors to capture multiple spectral images concurrently, without mechanical scanning. In particular, we pay special attention to the hardware/software characterization of the CS-MSI system, wherein we discuss the optical realization of the proposed system, measure the effective sensitivity range, and investigate the relationship between the digital micromirror device frame rate and the reconstruction quality. We also compare the imaging performance of the Hadamard-pace variable-density sampling method, which is the CS method implemented with our hardware architecture, with the conventional random sampling method. We propose a compressive-sampling modulation transfer function (CS-MTF) to measure the amplitude response of different spatial frequencies by using different CS methods.
A safe and highly efficient tumor-targeted type I interferon immunotherapy depends on the tumor microenvironment (2017)

Despite approval for the treatment of various malignancies, clinical application of cytokines such as type I interferon (IFN) is severely impeded by their systemic toxicity. AcTakines (Activity-on-Target cytokines) are optimized immunocytokines that, when injected in mice, only reveal their activity upon cell-specific impact. We here show that type I IFN-derived AcTaferon targeted to the tumor displays strong antitumor activity without any associated toxicity, in contrast with wild type IFN. Treatment with CD20-targeted AcTaferon of CD20<sup>+</sup> lymphoma tumors or melanoma tumors engineered to be CD20<sup>+</sup>, drastically reduced tumor growth. This antitumor effect was completely lost in IFNAR- or Batf3-deficient mice, and depended on IFN signaling in conventional dendritic cells. Also the presence of, but not the IFN signaling in, CD8<sup>+</sup> T lymphocytes was critical for proficient antitumor effects. When combined with immunogenic chemotherapy, low-dose TNF, or immune checkpoint blockade strategies such as anti-PDL1, anti-CTLA4 or anti-LAG3, complete tumor regressions and subsequent immunity (memory) were observed, still without any concomitant morbidity, again in sharp contrast with wild type IFN. Interestingly, the combination therapy of tumor-targeted AcTaferon with checkpoint inhibiting antibodies indicated its ability to convert nonresponding tumors into responders. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that AcTaferon targeted to tumor-specific surface markers may provide a safe and generic addition to cancer (immuno)therapies.
Large electrical volume coaxial transmission line for microwave chemical sensing (2013)

In this paper we demonstrate a method of practically designing a large electrical volume coaxial structure for room-temperature chirped pulse Fourier transform microwave (RT-CP-FTMW) chemical sensing. Both the center and outer conductor are tapered to optimize the volume of molecular analysis while minimizing coupling to higher-order modes in the electrically large coax because they limit the turn on time of the molecular detection receiver, which in turn results in lower measured signal strength. Furthermore, successful spectrum measurement, improvement in spectrum signal-to-noise ratio, and especially the capability of resolving a spectrum with less averages, and therefore significantly less measurement time, demonstrate the utility of the large electrical volume test device in microwave chemical sensing.
Aminosäuren, 17 – Eine neue Synthese von Didehydrodipeptiden und Didehydrotripeptiden (1993)

Amino Acids, 17. – A New Synthesis of Didehydro Dipeptides and Didehydro Tripeptides Esters of N ‐phthaloyl‐protected ( R )‐ or ( S )‐didehydro dipeptides 5 – 7 were obtained in good yields by the perrhenate‐catalyzed decomposition of 2‐azidocarboxylates 1 with N ‐phthaloyl‐protected ( R )‐ or ( S )‐amino acid chlorides 2 in presence of at least equimolar amounts of N ‐methyl‐2‐pyridone ( 4 ) as acylation catalyst. Esters of didehydro tripeptides 16 were obtained in a comparable procedure from the optically active amino acid chlorides 2 and 2‐(2‐azidoacyl)amino acid esters 15 , which were prepared from 2‐azidocarboxylic acids 12 or the corresponding chlorides 13 with 2‐amino acid ester hydrochlorides ( S )‐ 14 . – As an example, the unprotected ( S )‐alanly‐didehydrovalin 20 was prepared from the didehydro dipeptide 18a without any racemization by hydrolysis of the benzyl ester and subsequent hydrogenolytic removal of the N ‐phthaloyl group.
Flexible PVDF ferroelectric capacitive temperature sensor (2015)

In this paper, a capacitive temperature sensor based on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) capacitor is explored. The PVDF capacitor is characterized below its Curie temperature. The capacitance of the PVDF capacitor changes vs temperature with a sensitivity of 16pF/°C. The linearity measurement of the capacitance-temperature relation shows less than 0.7°C error from a best fit straight line. An LC oscillator based temperature sensor is demonstrated based on this capacitor.
Practical experience with TCP over GPRS (2004)

We present the results of a series of experiments used to characterise the performance of a GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) wireless data network, hence highlighting issues that software architects should consider when designing applications to run over this soon to be widely-deployed service. In summary, we show that packet round trip time (RTTs) are large (>1000 ms) and can be highly variable, packet losses are relatively rare, and that available bandwidth can be quite variable. These network characteristics do not interact well with current TCP implementations. We show how it takes many seconds before a new TCP connection can expand its congestion window to make use of the full bandwidth available, leading to very poor performance of protocols like HTTP. Beyond the point of full bandwidth utilisation, TCP continues to expand the window needlessly, resulting in excessive queueing at the GPRS router. This leads to greatly inflated RTTs (10s of seconds) and hence poor interactive response and slow recovery should loss occur. We show how a simple transparent proxy interposed between the fixed and GPRS networks can be used to significantly improve TCP connection performance, particularly for activities like Web browsing.
Investigation of the space charge effect in the quantum well infrared photodetector (2002)

The I-V and noise in quantum well infrared photodetectors are investigated. It's found two regimes are in sequence with V and V/sup 2/ dependence of the current. The noise power for the second regime shows I/sup 3/2/ dependence. Based on barrier space charge, the first regime is attributed to the transport of residual electrons in equilibrium. The second regime indicates that electron drift velocity and concentration are both proportional to applied biases. All the results is explained with partial potential drop on wells to increase the Fermi level.
Separating dipolar broadening from the intrinsic switching field distribution in perpendicular patterned media (2007)

A critical requirement for bit patterned media applications is the control and minimization of the switching field distribution (SFD). Here, we use the ΔH(M,ΔM) method to separate dipolar interactions due to neighbor islands from the intrinsic SFD by measuring a series of partial reversal curves of perpendicular anisotropy Co∕Pd based multilayer films deposited onto prepatterned Si substrates. For a 100-nm-period island array the dipolar broadening contributes 22% to the observed SFD. For a 45-nm-period array this value increases to 31%. These results highlight the importance of quantifying long-range dipolar interactions for determining the intrinsic SFD of patterned media.
High oxygen barrier, clay and chitosan-based multilayer thin films: an environmentally friendly foil replacement (2012)

Multilayered thin films, with high oxygen barrier, were deposited from water using chitosan (CH), polyacrylic acid (PAA), and montmorillonite (MMT) clay. Layer-by-layer assembly of ten “quadlayers” of CH/PAA/CH/MMT (&lt;100 nm thick) on polylactic acid (PLA) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films, commonly used for food packaging, reduced the oxygen transmission rate (OTR) of PLA and PET films by two orders of magnitude under dry conditions. At 38°C and 90% RH, the OTR of 500 μm PLA was reduced from 50 to 4·6 cc/(m 2 day atm), which is lower than 179 μm PET film under the same conditions. This high gas barrier is believed to be due a to a nanobrick wall structure present in this thin film, where clay platelets act as bricks held together by polymeric mortar. These assembled thin films are also very transparent, which combined with ambient processing and the use of renewable and food contact approved ingredients, makes this a promising foil replacement technology.
Toward Formalizing Teleportation of Pedagogical Artificial Agents (2018)

Our paradigm for the use of artificial agents to teach requires among other things that they persist through time in their interaction with human students, in such a way that they teleport or migrate from an embodiment at one time t to a different embodiment at later time t'. In this short paper, we report on initial steps toward the formalization of such teleportation, in order to enable an overseeing AI system to establish, mechanically, and verifiably, that the human students in question will likely believe that the very same artificial agent has persisted across such times despite the different embodiments.
Induction of mucosal IgA following intravaginal administration of inactivated HIV‐1‐capturing nanospheres in mice (2002)

Concanavalin A-immobilized polystyrene nanospheres (Con A-NS) were developed for the HIV-1 vaccine capable of preventing sexual transmission. Con A-NS could capture efficiently HIV-1 irrespective of their cell tropism (R5 or X4). Furthermore, Con A-NS captured equally infectious and heat-inactivated HIV-1. Inactivated HIV-1-capturing Con A-NS (HIV-NS) were intravaginally administered to mice. Heat-inactivated HIV-1 alone and Con A-NS alone were also administered as control immunogens. Vaginal fluids were collected during and after immunization and analyzed for their anti-HIV-1 antibody levels. Although the anti-HIV-1 IgG antibody was undetectable in any groups, increased anti-HIV-1 IgA antibody response was identified in the vaginal fluids of immunized mice with HIV-NS. The vaginal fluids obtained from the HIV-NS-administered mice showed neutralizing activity against the immunizing HIV-1 strain. A marked difference in vaginal distribution was observed between HIV-NS and other immunogens, and the toxicity of Con A was reduced by conjugation with nanospheres. Thus, HIV-NS may have great potential as a prophylactic HIV-1 vaccine and should be examined further for its efficacy in non-human primates.
Regioselective Olefin Hydroformylation as a Route to Indolizidine and Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids (1995)

Regioselective, rhodium-catalyzed hydroformylation of olefinic pyrrolidine derivatives was utilized as a key step in the formal syntheses of the indolizidine alkaloids (±)-167B, 2, and (±)-209D, 3, and the ant venom pyrrolizidine alkaloid (3S,5R,8S)-3-heptyl-5-methylpyrrolizidine, 4.
Policy-based multiple access for decentralized low power systems (2009)

In this paper, we present an information theoretic study of a decentralized multiple access channel (MAC), where users are allowed to autonomously change their data rates, transmission powers, and channel codes, independently from other users in the system. We introduce a policy-based access mechanism, where each user is allocated a set of code-books, with various data rates and powers. Successful reception of all users is guaranteed, provided that each of the users adheres to its assigned access policy, when selecting its date rate and power. We completely characterize the capacity region for such policy-based access in the low power regime, for both single and multi-antenna (MIMO) systems, and we show that nonorthogonal policies outperform orthogonal ones. We also show that known MIMO capacity scaling laws, which apply in single user systems, carry over into framework of decentralized MAC.