gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modal instability of rod fiber amplifiers: a semi-analytic approach (2013)

The modal instability (MI) threshold is estimated for four rod fiber designs by combining a semi-analytic model with the finite element method. The thermal load due to the quantum defect is calculated and used to numerically determine the mode distributions on which the expression for the onset of MIs is highly dependent. The relative intensity noise of the seed laser in an amplifier setup is used to seed the mode coupling between the fundamental and higher order mode, and lead to MI threshold values of 174 W – 348 W of extracted output power for the four rod fibers having core diameters in the range 53 &mu;m – 95 &mu;m.
Recent Progress and Outlook on Multicore Fiber for Practical Use (2018)

We review our recent achievement on uncoupled MCF for practical use. We introduce 4-core MCF with 125μm cladding which has upgradability from standard SMF system to MCF system, connecting technology and ultra-high density MCF-cable.
The Relationship Between Anterior-Posterior Knee Laxity and the Structural Properties of the Patellar Tendon Graft (1994)

We studied the relationship between anterior-posterior knee laxity and the structural properties of autogenous patellar tendon grafts used to replace the anterior cruciate ligaments in dogs 1 year after reconstruction. At 30 degrees (full extension for the dog), 60 degrees, and 90 degrees of flexion a significant inverse correlation was found between anterior-posterior knee laxity and the ultimate failure strength of the graft. Likewise, at 60 degrees and 90 degrees of flexion a significant inverse correlation was found between knee laxity and the linear stiffness of the graft. In all cases, as knee laxity increased, the ultimate failure load and linear stiffness values of the graft were found to decrease. There was also a significant increase in anterior-posterior knee laxity of the reconstructed knees (produced by an increase in anterior translation of the tibia relative to the femur) compared with the contralateral control knee. The group of dogs that underwent a sham operation without reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament had no change in anterior-posterior knee laxity or the structural properties of the anterior cruciate ligament. The clinical significance of this investigation is that knee laxity measurements demonstrating an increase in anterior translation of the tibia relative to the femur during graft healing may indicate that the graft has weakened and reduced structural properties.
Analysis of the impact of error detection on computer performance (1983)

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/7582/5/bad2175.0001.001.pdf
Scalable compact models for fast design optimization of complex electromagnetic systems (2011)

We propose a new parametric macromodeling technique for complex electromagnetic (EM) systems described by scattering parameters, which are parameterized by multiple design variables such as layout or substrate feature. The proposed technique is based on an efficient and reliable combination of rational identification, a procedure to find scaling and frequency shifting system coefficients, and positive interpolation schemes. Parametric macromodels can be used for efficient and accurate design space exploration and optimization. A design optimization example for a complex EM system is used to validate the proposed parametric macromodeling technique in a practical design process flow. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2012.
Distribution Prediction for Reconfiguring Urban Dockless E-Scooter Sharing Systems (2021)

Dockless E-scooter Sharing (DES) has become a popular means of last-mile commute for many smart cities. As e-scooters are getting deployed dynamically and flexibly across city regions that expand and/or shrink, accurate prediction of the e-scooter distribution given the reconfigured regions becomes essential for city planning. We present <bold/> <monospace><b>GCScoot</b></monospace> <bold/> , a novel flow distribution prediction approach for reconfiguring urban DES systems. Based on real-world datasets with reconfiguration, we analyze e-scooter distribution features and flow dynamics for the data-driven designs. We propose a novel spatio-temporal graph capsule neural network within <monospace>GCScoot</monospace> to predict future dockless e-scooter flows given the reconfigured regions. <monospace>GCScoot</monospace> pre-processes historical spatial e-scooter distributions into flow graph structures, where discretized city regions are considered as nodes and inter-region flows as edges. To facilitate initial training, we cluster the regions and generate virtual data for new deployment regions based on their peers in the same cluster. Given above designs, the region-to-region correlations embedded within the temporal flow graphs are captured via the multi-graph capsule convolutional neural network which accurately predicts the DES flows. Extensive studies upon four e-scooter datasets (total <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$&gt;$</tex-math></inline-formula> 3.4 million rides) in four populous US cities have corroborated accuracy and effectiveness of <monospace>GCScoot</monospace> in predicting the e-scooter distributions.
A Coordinate Descent Framework to Joint Design of MPSK Sequences and Receive Filter Weights in MIMO Radar Systems (2019)

In this paper, we aim at a joint design of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$M$</tex> -ary Phase Shift Keying (PSK) - or MPSK - transmit waveform and receive space-time filter to maximize the Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) in colocated Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) radar systems. The design problem is formulated into a maximization of the SINR, including unimodular discrete phase constraint on the transmit waveforms. The resulting problem is non-convex, whereby we devise an iterative algorithm based on the Coordinate Descent (CD) framework to tackle it iteratively. To reduce the computational complexity in designing the transmit waveforms, we exploit the properties of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) in this paper. Numerical examples illustrate the superior performance of the proposed algorithm in comparison with the state-of-the-art counterparts.
UWB Modulation Options (2005)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction UWB Signaling Techniques Data Mapping Spectral Characteristics Data Mapping and Transceiver Complexity Modulation Performances in Practical Conditions Conclusion References
Structural anisotropy and orientation-induced Casimir repulsion in fluids (2011)

In this work we theoretically consider the Casimir force between two periodic arrays of nanowires (both in vacuum, and on a substrate separated by a fluid) at separations comparable to the period. Specifically, we compute the dependence of the exact Casimir force between the arrays under both lateral translations and rotations. Although typically the force between such structures is well characterized by the proximity force approximation (PFA), we find that in the present case the microstructure modulates the force in a way qualitatively inconsistent with PFA. We find instead that effective-medium theory, in which the slabs are treated as homogeneous, anisotropic dielectrics, gives a surprisingly accurate picture of the force, down to separations of half the period. This includes a situation for identical, fluid-separated slabs in which the exact force changes sign with the orientation of the wire arrays, whereas PFA predicts attraction. We discuss the possibility of detecting these effects in experiments, concluding that this effect is strong enough to make detection possible in the near future.
Addition of phenols to perfluorovinyl ethers. Protonation and halogenation of carbanionic intermediates (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAddition of phenols to perfluorovinyl ethers. Protonation and halogenation of carbanionic intermediatesAndrew E. Feiring and Edward R. WonchobaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 26, 7014–7017Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00052a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00052a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views324Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Aldosterone Increases Early Atherosclerosis and Promotes Plaque Inflammation Through a Placental Growth Factor‐Dependent Mechanism (2013)

Aldosterone increases early atherosclerosis in regions of turbulent blood flow and promotes an inflammatory plaque phenotype that is associated with rupture in humans. The mechanism may involve SMC release of soluble factors that recruit activated leukocytes to the vessel wall via PlGF signaling. These findings identify a novel mechanism and potential treatment target for aldosterone-induced ischemia in humans.
Fluctuations of work in nearly adiabatically driven open quantum systems (2015)

We extend the quantum jump method to nearly adiabatically driven open quantum systems in a way that allows for an accurate account of the external driving in the system-environment interaction. Using this framework, we construct the corresponding trajectory-dependent work performed on the system and derive the integral fluctuation theorem and the Jarzynski equality for nearly adiabatic driving. We show that such identities hold as long as the stochastic dynamics and work variable are consistently defined. We numerically study the emerging work statistics for a two-level quantum system and find that the conventional diabatic approximation is unable to capture some prominent features arising from driving, such as the continuity of the probability density of work. Our results reveal the necessity of using accurate expressions for the drive-dressed heat exchange in future experiments probing jump time distributions.
Inhomogeneous surface electronic properties and charge ordering in epitaxial Fe3O4 films on MgO(001) (2007)

Abstract We report scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) study of surface electronic properties and charge ordering of epitaxially grown magnetite, Fe 3 O 4 , (001) films exhibiting high density of antiphase domain boundaries (APBs). STM measurements using a W tip reveal surface termination at B‐sites. Fe ions with a 0.3 nm periodicity, i.e., a single atomic distance are observed. Current imaging tunneling spectroscopy reveals the alternation of two kinds of current peaks with a 0.6 nm periodicty indicating the presence of charge ordering consisted of Fe dimers with different charge states. STM measurements using a magnetic Ni tip provide higher contrast of the charge ordering. The APBs can modify the charge ordering as ordered and disordered areas are observed on adjacent domains separated by an APB. These strongly indicate that APBs can induce inhomogeneous properties on the surface of Fe 3 O 4 (001) films. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Tumor-initiating activity and metabolism of polymethylated phenanthrenes. (1982)

The tumor-initiating activity of several polymethylated phenanthrenes was determined in mouse skin. Among the compounds assayed were 1,4-, 1,9-, 2,7-, 3,6-, 4,5-, 4,9-, and 4,10-dimethylphenanthrene. Only the 1,4- and 4,10-dimethylphenanthrenes were active as tumor initiators. Initiating doses of 300 micrograms and 1.0 mg of 1,4-dimethylphenanthrene after promotion with tetradecanoylphorbol acetate induced 80 and 100% incidences of skin tumors in mice, respectively, 4,10-Dimethylphenanthrene assayed under identical conditions induced skin tumors in 35 and 55% of the mice. The in vitro metabolism of 1,4-, 3,6-, 4,9-, and 4,10-dimethylphenanthrene was studied by incubation of the compounds with the 9000 x g supernatant from the livers of Aroclor-pretreated rats. The major dihydrodiol metabolite of both 1,4- and 4,10-dimethylphenanthrene was the 7,8-dihydrodiol, the requisite precursor for the formation of bay-region dihydrodiol-epoxides. Dihydrodiols were not observed among the metabolites of 4,9-dimethylphenanthrene. In the case of 3,6-dimethyphenanthrene, the major diol metabolite formed in vitro was the 9,10-dihydrodiol. These results support previously proposed structural requirements which favor the carcinogenic activity of methylated polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. These studies indicate that tumorigenic activity of methylated phenanthrenes requires inhibition of dihydrodiol formation at the K-region (9,10-positions) in addition to a bay-region methyl group and a free peri position, both adjacent to an unsubstituted angular ring.
Fully-integrated dual-standard BiFET low-noise amplifier for DCS1800/WCDMA applications (2006)

This paper presents a fully-integrated dual-standard BiFET low noise amplifier (LNA) targeted to DCS1800 (1805-1880 MHz) and WCDMA-FDD (2110-2170 MHz) systems applications. It uses a high performance 0.25-/spl mu/m SiGe:C BiCMOS7RF integration technology. The main motivation of this work is to share as many elements as possible in both modes avoiding conventional parallel LNAs, which is not a cost-efficient solution. In DCS1800 mode, the LNA S21 is 14.9 dB (250 MHz -1 dB bandwidth), NF is 1.47 dB, ICP1 and IIP3 are -12 dBm and -2 dBm, respectively. In WCDMA mode, the LNA achieves a power gain of 15.5 dB (340 MHz -1 dB bandwidth), a NF of 1.49 dB, an ICP1 and IIP3 of -14 dBm and -4 dBm, respectively. It consumes 6.6 mW in both operation modes, under 2.2 V supply voltage.
ChemInform Abstract: α‐ETHYNYL AND α‐VINYL ANALOGS OF ORNITHINE AS ENZYME‐ACTIVATED INHIBITORS OF MAMMALIAN ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE (1981)

Abstract Das Dianion von (II) wird mit (I) regioselektiv zur Verbindung (III) alkyliert, deren Cyclisierung das Lactam (IV) liefert.
Session details: Special Oral Session: Beyond Semantics: Multimodal Understanding of Subjective Properties (2017)

No abstract available.
Commodity Flows, Diaspora Networking, and Contested Agency in the Eastern Indian Ocean c. 1000–1500 (2016)

Abstract Recent revisionist approaches to early pre-1500 eastern Indian Ocean history draw from and cross-reference epigraphic, archaeological, art historical, literary, cultural, textual, shipwreck, and a variety of other primary and secondary sources as these document the evolution of Southeast Asia from roughly 300 to 1500, before significant European regional presence became a factor. This study's focus is the transitional importance of c. 1000–1500 Indian Ocean international maritime trade and transit from the South Asian shorelines of the Bay of Bengal to the South China and Java Seas, which is conceived to have temporarily produced an inclusive eastern Indian Ocean zone of contact. In this then ‘borderless’ region there were a variety of meaningful contacts and material, cultural, and knowledge transfers that resulted in synthesis of Indian, Chinese, Middle Eastern, and Southeast Asian cultures and populations made possible by enhanced international maritime trade connections before European presence became a factor, a period often dated from the fall of Melaka to the Portuguese in 1511.
Interaction of Angiotensin II and Nitric Oxide in Isolated Perfused Afferent Arterioles of Mice (2001)

The present study was performed to evaluate angiotensin II (Ang II)-nitric oxide (NO) interaction in afferent arterioles (Af) of wild-type mice and mice that are homozygous (-/-) for disruption of the endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) gene. Af were microperfused, and the dose responses were assessed for the NO precursor L-arginine (n = 4), NO inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, n = 5), L-NAME after pretreatment with L-arginine (n = 5), Ang II (n = 8), and Ang II after pretreatment with L-NAME (n = 7). Acute administration of L-arginine and L-NAME (both in doses from 10(-6) to 10(-3) mol/L) did not change arteriolar diameter. Moreover, pretreatment with L-arginine did not change the response to L-NAME. However, Ang II, applied in doses of 10(-12), 10(-10), 10(-8), and 10(-6) mol/L, significantly reduced the lumen to 66.5 +/- 7.0% and 62.2 +/- 8.0% at 10(-8) and 10(-6) mol/L Ang II, respectively. The contraction was augmented after L-NAME pretreatment (19.5 +/- 13.6% and 25.5 +/- 10.2% at 10(-8) and 10(-6) mol/L Ang II, respectively). In eNOS (-/-) mice (n = 8), the response to Ang II also was enhanced (9.1 +/- 6.0% and 11.2 +/- 8.2% at 10(-8) and 10(-6) mol/L Ang II, respectively). Female mice did not differ from male mice in their reactivity to Ang II (n = 9) and Ang II + L-NAME pretreatment (n = 11). The study shows that (1) it is feasible to microperfuse mouse Af, (2) the basal production of endothelial NO is very low and not inducible by L-arginine in Af of mice, and (3) a counteracting effect of NO is initiated by Ang II. High Ang II sensitivity in eNOS (-/-) mice underscores the considerable role of endothelial-derived NO to balance Ang II vasoconstriction in Af.
A new approach to node-failure protection with span-protecting p-cycles (2009)

Recent work has revealed a new, relatively simple and possibly cost-effective, approach to achieve combined protection of optical networks against both node and span failures. The resulting network designs use only a single set of p-cycle structures that have the same or only slightly more capacity than a corresponding optimal set of p-cycles for span protection. The new principle is based on a generalization of how nodes in a BLSR-ring or p-cycle (to date) derive survivability through loop-back at the nearest two neighbour-nodes on the same ring. The generalization views any combination of node failure and an affected transiting path from the standpoint of the two-hop segment defined by the failure node, and the nodes immediately adjacent on the affected path. We then ask whether these nodes are found together within the same p-cycle as the failure node, or another p-cycle entirely. In any case where they are, we show that the transiting path affected by the node failure is inherently restorable by ordinary p-cycle switching actions whether the respective two-hop segment is on-cycle, straddling, or partially on-cycle and partially straddling. We explain the principle and characterize its effectiveness in terms of network-wide single node failure restorability (R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-node</sub> ) in networks designed only for minimum spare capacity, networks designed for enhanced R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-node</sub> (at min capacity) and networks designed strictly for R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-node</sub> = 1.
Expansion in CD39+ CD4+ Immunoregulatory T Cells and Rarity of Th17 Cells in HTLV-1 Infected Patients Is Associated with Neurological Complications (2013)

HTLV-1 infection is associated with several inflammatory disorders, including the neurodegenerative condition HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). It is unclear why a minority of infected subjects develops HAM/TSP. CD4⁺ T cells are the main target of infection and play a pivotal role in regulating immunity to HTLV and are hypothesized to participate in the pathogenesis of HAM/TSP. The CD39 ectonucleotidase receptor is expressed on CD4⁺ T cells and based on co-expression with CD25, marks T cells with distinct regulatory (CD39⁺CD25⁺) and effector (CD39⁺CD25⁻) function. Here, we investigated the expression of CD39 on CD4⁺ T cells from a cohort of HAM/TSP patients, HTLV-1 asymptomatic carriers (AC), and matched uninfected controls. The frequency of CD39⁺ CD4⁺ T cells was increased in HTLV-1 infected patients, regardless of clinical status. More importantly, the proportion of the immunostimulatory CD39⁺CD25⁻ CD4⁺ T-cell subset was significantly elevated in HAM/TSP patients as compared to AC and phenotypically had lower levels of the immunoinhibitory receptor, PD-1. We saw no difference in the frequency of CD39⁺CD25⁺ regulatory (Treg) cells between AC and HAM/TSP patients. However, these cells transition from being anergic to displaying a polyfunctional cytokine response following HTLV-1 infection. CD39⁻CD25⁺ T cell subsets predominantly secreted the inflammatory cytokine IL-17. We found that HAM/TSP patients had significantly fewer numbers of IL-17 secreting CD4⁺ T cells compared to uninfected controls. Taken together, we show that the expression of CD39 is upregulated on CD4⁺ T cells HAM/TSP patients. This upregulation may play a role in the development of the proinflammatory milieu through pathways both distinct and separate among the different CD39 T cell subsets. CD39 upregulation may therefore serve as a surrogate diagnostic marker of progression and could potentially be a target for interventions to reduce the development of HAM/TSP.
CARD25: Computational Fluid Dynamics Evaluation of Surface Modification to Improve Endothelial Retention on Blood-wetted Artificial Organs (2022)

Study: Attempts to endothelialize blood-contacting biomaterial in artificial organs have been hampered by supraphysiologic shear stress that prevents stable retention of endothelial cells (ECs). A previous study has demonstrated efficacy of patterned “microtrenches” that locally attenuate the shear environment to tolerable levels (20~40 dynes/cm2), hence supporting the development of an EC layer. This numerical study aimed to simulate the previous microfluidic observations of reduced platelet adhesion due to endothelialized microtrenches in flowing blood. Methods: We employed a previously validated computational fluid dynamics model of thrombosis to simulate blood flow over a flat biomaterial surface containing microtrenches (depth 700 μm, width 400 μm, partition 75 μm). The presence of the endothelial layer was modeled by altering the reaction rate that controls the flux of activated platelets to the surface. Results: CFD simulation revealed that shear stress within the microtrenches was reduced to 20~40 dynes/cm2 contrasted with the bulk flow of 600 dynes/cm2, and slightly elevated at the partition (1000 dynes/cm2). (Figure 1B) We identified two vortexes within the trench. (Figure 1C) The coagulation simulation confirms EC-coated microtrench surfaces exhibited dramatically reduced platelet adhesion, compared to non-coated control. (Figure 1D and E) This result matches well with published in-vivo experiments. (Figure 1F) Conclusion: The simulation reproduced the experimental observations of platelet deposition in a micropatterned surface as well as the antithrombogenic potential of endothelial coverage due to reduced shear stress in the microtrenches. The control simulation (without EC coating) suggests a clot may originate at the distal wall of the downstream trench wall and the proximal wall of the upstream trenches. Ongoing work included the addition of eNOS expression by ECs, and consideration of incomplete coverage of ECs. Future work will validate these results in an exvivo model.