gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular analysis, mutation screening, and association study of adenylate cyclase type 9 gene (ADCY9) in mood disorders (2001)

Chromosome 16p13 has been shown to display modest linkage signals for mood disorders in a number of studies. An interesting candidate gene in this region is the adenylate cyclase (AC) type 9 gene (ADCY9). ACs are critical in neuronal signaling, and perturbation of brain AC activity has been reported in mood disorder postmortem brains. ACs may also act as targets of antidepressants. Two distinct length transcripts for the ADCY9 gene have been reported, but molecular mechanisms are unknown. To investigate the potential role of ADCY9 in mood disorders, we clarified alternative poly(A) sites for the two mRNA species, delineated the exon-intron structure, and screened the gene for genetic variants. The two transcripts encoded by ADCY9 shared the first 10 exons, but exon 11 was shorter in one of the mRNA species. Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms, including a missense mutation and one polymorphic microsatellite repeat in the 3'-UTR, were identified. However, a case-control study using the missense polymorphism, 2316A>G (Ile772Met), and the tetranucleotide repeat (TTTA)n showed no significant association with mood disorders in Japanese samples. The DNA polymorphisms detected in this study can be tested in other ethnic samples and/or other psychiatric diseases.
Metallic and ceramic thin film thermocouples for gas turbine engine applications (2013)

Hot section temperatures in gas turbine engines can reach 1500°C, an environment in which implementing sensors for in situ measurement is rather difficult. Therefore, there is a need to develop instrumentation for these turbine engines that can survive the harsh conditions. Thin film instrumentation is targeted for this purpose because it is non-invasive to the physical and thermodynamic properties of the engine components. Type-S and type-K thin film and wire thermocouples are currently being utilized for surface temperature measurement during the testing phase of gas turbine engines. These metallic thin film thermocouples suffer from drift and degradation due to microstructural changes and oxidation. Therefore, thin film thermocouples based alternatively on platinum:palladium and indium oxynitride:indium tin oxynitride, as well as their oxide counterparts, have been developed and proved to be more stable than conventional type-S and type-K thin film thermocouples operating in these high temperature (> 1000°C) oxidizing environments. Furthermore, the metallic and ceramic thin film thermocouples described within this paper exhibited remarkable stability and have drift rates similar to bulk (wire) thermocouples operating in the same temperature range.
Crystallization kinetics of poly(ethylene terephthalate) with thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer blends (1998)

The isothermal and dynamic crystallization behaviors of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) blended with three types of liquid crystal polymers, i.e., PHB60–PET40, HBA73–HNA27, [(PHB60–PET40)–(HBA73–HNA27) 50 : 50], have been studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The kinetics were calculated using the slope of the crystallization versus time plot, the time for 50% reduced crystallinity, the time to attain maximum rate of crystallization, and the Avrami equation. All the liquid crystalline polymer reinforcements with 10 wt % added accelerated the rate of crystallization of PET; however, the order of the acceleration effect among the liquid crystalline polymers could not be defined from the isothermal crystallization kinetics. The order of the effect for liquid crystalline polymer on the crystallization of PET is as follows: (PHB60–PET40)–(HBA73–HNA27) (50 : 50); HBA73–HNA27; PHB60–PET40: This order forms the dynamic scan of the DSC measurements. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 67:1383–1392, 1998
2020 Symposia on VLSI Circuits: The Next 40 Years of VLSI for Ubiquitous Intelligence [Conference Reports] (2020)

Presents information on the 2020 Symposia on VLSI Circuits.
Inactivation of both APC alleles in human and mouse tumors. (1994)

Germline mutations of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene lead to multiple intestinal tumors in familial adenomatous polyposis patients and in multiple intestinal neoplasia (Min) mice. Current models predict that inactivation of the remaining normal allele of a tumor suppressor gene is rate limiting for tumor formation, but this has been difficult to prove. While examination of colorectal adenomas from familial adenomatous polyposis patients identified somatic inactivating mutations of the second allele in the majority of tumors (19 of 24), the absolute requirement for an early inactivating event could not be demonstrated. In contrast, inactivation of the remaining allele of the murine APC (Apc) could be demonstrated in 100% (30 of 30) of tumors from Min mice. Moreover, inactivation was observed in the earliest recognizable phase of tumors, including some lesions containing as few as two dysplastic crypts. These results suggest that the mutation of the second APC allele is an early event in Min and familial adenomatous polyposis tumorigenesis, supporting Knudson's hypothesis.
Activation of STING Signaling Pathway Effectively Blocks Human Coronavirus Infection (2021)

The COVID-19 pandemic poses a serious global health threat. The rapid global spread of SARS-CoV-2 highlights an urgent need to develop effective therapeutics for blocking SARS-CoV-2 infection and spread. <i>St</i>imulator of <i>In</i>terferon <i>G</i>enes (STING) is a chief element in host antiviral defense pathways. In this study, we examined the impact of the STING signaling pathway on coronavirus infection using the human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) model. We found that HCoV-OC43 infection did not stimulate the STING signaling pathway, but the activation of STING signaling effectively inhibits HCoV-OC43 infection to a much greater extent than that of type I interferons (IFNs). We also discovered that IRF3, the key STING downstream innate immune effector, is essential for this anticoronavirus activity. In addition, we found that the amidobenzimidazole (ABZI)-based human STING agonist diABZI robustly blocks the infection of not only HCoV-OC43 but also SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, our study identifies the STING signaling pathway as a potential therapeutic target that could be exploited for developing broad-spectrum antiviral therapeutics against multiple coronavirus strains in order to face the challenge of future coronavirus outbreaks.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> The highly infectious and lethal SARS-CoV-2 is posing an unprecedented threat to public health. Other coronaviruses are likely to jump from a nonhuman animal to humans in the future. Novel broad-spectrum antiviral therapeutics are therefore needed to control known pathogenic coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and its newly mutated variants, as well as future coronavirus outbreaks. STING signaling is a well-established host defense pathway, but its role in coronavirus infection remains unclear. In the present study, we found that activation of the STING signaling pathway robustly inhibits infection of HCoV-OC43 and SARS-CoV-2. These results identified the STING pathway as a novel target for controlling the spread of known pathogenic coronaviruses, as well as emerging coronavirus outbreaks.
Development of a falling body viscosimeter for high pressure measurements (2009)

This study is a preliminary work of a global project aiming at a new clean recrystallization / fractionation process of cocoa butter (CB) assisted by supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2). The knowledge of properties of the SC-CO2 / CB system such as reciprocal solubility of the binary system, density and viscosity of phases appears to be a pre-requisite for this study. There is a lack of such thermophysical properties in the literature.In this study, we focus on viscosity measurements, which were carried out at 313 and 353 K and pressures of 0.1 up to 25 MPa. The experimental procedures were validated with CB viscosity measurements at atmospheric pressure with a rheometer, for which literature data are available [1]. In a first step, we made density measurements, using the vibrating tube principle [2]. This volumetric property is crucial to determine precisely the viscosity. Lastly, we carried out high pressure viscosity measurements in a new device, specially designed to perform these experiments. The procedure using the Hoppler viscosimeter principle is based on the monitoring of a falling aluminium ball in a glass tube placed in a high pressure vessel equipped with sapphire windows. The determination of the terminal velocity of the ball in the melted media allowed deducing viscosity. This velocity is obtained by the analyses done on the images of a high speed digital video camera, with a software developed with Matlab . CFD calculations by finite elements methods with Comsol Multiphysics were carried out to determine viscosity and corroborate results obtained with a simplified model. Indeed, this model based on the consideration of a falling body in an infinite tube and in a non-compressible Newtonian medium at rest, is in agreement with CFD calculations. The density of CO2-saturated CB increases with pressure whereas the viscosity decreases because of the higher CO2 dissolution in the melted medium, previously measured using a gravimetric procedure in the same operating conditions. Furthermore, the viscosity decreases also with increasing temperature. We compared and discussed our results with those of Venter et al. who performed density and viscosity measurements using a vibrating quartz viscosimeter [1].
Indoor and Outdoor Experiments on 5G Radio Access Using Distributed MIMO and Beamforming in 15 GHz Frequency Band (2016)

This paper presents indoor and outdoor field experimental results that clarify the 4-by-8 MIMO throughput performance when applying distributed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) with a narrow antenna beam tracking in the 15 GHz frequency band in the downlink of a 5G cellular radio access system. The experimental results show that throughput exceeding 15 Gbps is achieved with a high average rank of 4 at an indoor office building lobby and outdoor parking area. As for the distributed MIMO gain in terms of throughput in LoS environments, we achieve throughput gain of 39 % and 105 % in the indoor office building lobby and outdoor parking area, respectively. And also throughput gain of 15 % is achieved in N-LoS environment in office building lobby in multi-path rich environment. We also observe a significant increase of throughput and rank when changing the transmission point (TP) spacing from 0.5 to 1.5 m, while only a limited performance improvement when the TP spacing exceeds 1.5 m. Finally, the throughput performance with various TP positions was tested, and the TP locations when facing each other with a TP spacing of 50 m exhibit excellent performance exceeding 10 Gpbs.
Analysis of Catenary Effect in Steel Beams and Trusses Exposed to Fire (2016)

The goals of structural design are fundamentally different when designing structures at normal temperature or when designing them in a fire situation. While structures are primarily designed for normal temperature situations considering the different design limit states, in the fire design situation, however, the already designed structure is assessed for its resistance in the fire design limit state. The assessment of the structure in the fire limit state may lead to either active or passive fire protection measures. The assessment of the structure in fire may be done in several different domains such as its structural resistance, integrity of structural components to prevent spread of fire and insulation properties of materials. The focus of the thesis presented here is on the structural resistance of steel structural members particularly steel beams and trusses in fire situations.The Eurocodes permit designers to use either a simple prescriptive design procedure or a more complex performance based procedure for design of structures in fire. The prescriptive design is a simple choice regarding design of steel structures in fire due to their use of simple analytical equations; but through several studies it has been established that this approach might be conservative and in some situations it might not reflect the complexity of interaction between the heated structural members and its surrounding colder parts of the structure. The performance based approach has therefore been increasingly adopted in structural fire design, which, although more complex than the prescriptive approach, is closer to the real structural behaviour.Through a performance based approach, this thesis aims to establish that steel structural members are able to offer structural resistance in fire situations that are much higher than would be expected from a prescriptive approach. Two different types of structural members such as steel beams in multi-storey buildings and trusses in single storey buildings were considered here. It has been shown through extensive finite element analysis in both cases that actual resistance of these structural members in fire situations can exceed their primary resistance mechanism through flexure. Alternative load transfer mechanism through catenary action offers the added resistance at much higher temperatures than the conventional critical temperatures from prescriptive design. The thesis also proposes simplified calculation procedures that can be used to reasonably predict the structural resistance at elevated temperatures considering the catenary action.
Geometrically Stochastic FDTD Method for Uncertainty Quantification of EM Fields and SAR in Biological Tissues (2019)

This paper presents a stochastic scheme called geometrically stochastic finite-difference time domain (GS-FDTD) to insert the statistical variation of model geometry directly into the FDTD method. Both 1-D and 2-D GS-FDTD formulations are presented. The method is utilized to investigate the impact of tissue size variation on the calculated EM fields in 1-D and 2-D layered and cylindrical biological models. In addition, we assess the specific absorption rate (SAR) variance in a 2-D slice of a human head model at 835 MHz with the size of the outer layer consisting of skin, ear, and nose varying ±10%. Also, an improved method of calculating SAR variance is presented. The results are verified using the Monte Carlo technique.
Massively parallel 3D image reconstruction (2017)

Computed Tomographic (CT) image reconstruction is an important technique used in a wide range of applications. Among reconstruction methods, Model-Based Iterative Reconstruction (MBIR) is known to produce much higher quality CT images; however, the high computational requirements of MBIR greatly restrict their application. Currently, MBIR speed is primarily limited by irregular data access patterns, the difficulty of effective parallelization, and slow algorithmic convergence.
A fully-integrated optical duobinary transceiver in a 130nm SOI CMOS technology (2011)

A 5-Gb/s fully-integrated optical duobinary transceiver front-end is demonstrated in a 130-nm silicon-on-insulator (SOI) CMOS technology. A photonic microring modulator is shown to support 5 Gb/s modulation through the use of duobinary electronic modulation. Duobinary modulation is proposed to mitigate opto-electronic bandwidth limitations for the photonic ring modulator. The circuit illustrates an NRZ data eye of 500 μW amplitude and consumes 115 mW of power for both the analog and digital portions of the transmitter.
Phylogenetic systematics of microorganisms inhabiting thermal environments (2007)

Thermal habitats harbor specialized communities of thermophilic microorganisms, primarily prokaryotes. This review considers modern systematics of prokaryotes and the place of thermophilic archaea and bacteria in it. Among the existing hierarchical classifications of prokaryotes, the bulk of attention is given to the one accepted in the current second edition of "Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology", which is primarily based on 16S rRNA phylogeny and phenotypic properties of the organisms. Analysis of the genomics data shows that they on the whole agree with the 16S rRNA-based system, although revealing the significance of the evolutionary role of lateral transfer, duplication, and loss of genes. According to the classification elaborated in the current edition of "Bergey's Manual", the prokaryotes currently culturable under laboratory conditions are distributed among 26 phyla, two of which belong to the domain Archaea and 24 to the domain Bacteria. Six phyla contain exclusively thermophiles, and eleven phyla contain thermophiles along with mesophiles, thermophiles being usually separated phylogenetically and representing high-level taxa (classes, orders). In light of the data on the topology of the 16S rRNA-based phylogenetic tree and some other data, this review discusses the probable hyperthermophilic nature of the universal common ancestor.
hXDP: Efficient Software Packet Processing on FPGA NICs (2020)

FPGA accelerators on the NIC enable the offloading of expensive packet processing tasks from the CPU. However, FPGAs have limited resources that may need to be shared among diverse applications, and programming them is difficult. We present a solution to run Linux's eXpress Data Path programs written in eBPF on FPGAs, using only a fraction of the available hardware resources while matching the performance of high-end CPUs. The iterative execution model of eBPF is not a good fit for FPGA accelerators. Nonetheless, we show that many of the instructions of an eBPF program can be compressed, parallelized or completely removed, when targeting a purpose-built FPGA executor, thereby significantly improving performance. We leverage that to design hXDP, which includes (i) an optimizing-compiler that parallelizes and translates eBPF bytecode to an extended eBPF Instruction-set Architecture defined by us; a (ii) soft-CPU to execute such instructions on FPGA; and (iii) an FPGA-based infrastructure to provide XDP's maps and helper functions as defined within the Linux kernel. We implement hXDP on an FPGA NIC and evaluate it running real-world unmodified eBPF programs. Our implementation is clocked at 156.25MHz, uses about 15% of the FPGA resources, and can run dynamically loaded programs. Despite these modest requirements, it achieves the packet processing throughput of a high-end CPU core and provides a 10x lower packet forwarding latency.
Disseminating Updates to Mobile Clients (1998)

In this paper, we address the problem of propagating data updates to a large number of mobile clients. Typically, mobile clients operate autonomously, i.e., disconnected from data servers, for prolonged periods of time relying on locally replicated corporate data (e.g., database views, le systems). From time to time, they need to refresh their replicas with data changes registered at a central data repository. We propose a hybrid approach for delivering these updates to the clients. We use a broadcast channel to &amp;quot;cache on the air&amp;quot; fresh updates for as long as they are high on demand. At the same time, any requests for older updates are individually serviced by the server through a separate channel. The air-caching satisfies the bulk of clients&amp;apos; needs, increasing data throughput many-fold compared to traditional data delivery mechanisms. We describe a hierarchical air-cache structure, and analyze the performance of broadcasting a log of committed updates. Based on that, we propose a technique that dynamically modi es the contents and the structure of the air-cache according to the number and the (dis)connection habits of the clients. Through extensive simulations, we demonstrate the adaptiveness, efficiency, and practicality of the proposed system even for very large client populations.
Integrally Bladed Rotor Mistuning Identification and Model Updating Using Geometric Mistuning Models (2020)

Abstract Non-uniform manufacturing variations and uneven usage wear and damage, referred to as mistuning, can drastically alter the dynamic response of Integrally Blade Rotors (IBR)s. Optical scanners, combined with Finite Element Model (FEM) mesh metamorphosis algorithms, have provided capabilities to create analytical models that reduce the effect of geometrical uncertainties in numerical predictions. However, deviations in material properties cannot be obtained via optical scanning, so additional approaches are needed. A geometric mistuning Reduced-Order Model (ROM) is developed and modified to solve for unknown IBR sector eigenvalues that are linearly proportional to Elastic modulus. The developed approach accounts for both proportional and non-proportional mistuning and allows updating of the Elastic modulus for each sector in the ROM. Different tuned and mistuned modal reduction procedures are employed to understand the implications of each for identifying mistuning. Simulated test data with known inputs indicate the efficiency and accuracy of the method and improvements over using a traditional, tuned mode approach. The developed methods are then extended to bench-level traveling wave excitation data to discern how sector frequencies vary due to geometry and modulus mistuning.
Key components of a D-band Dicke-radiometer in 90 nm SiGe BiCMOS technology (2015)

This paper presents the design and characterization results of the key RF components of calibrated passive radiometer (Dicke-radiometer) operating in the D-band frequency range and realized in an advanced 90 nm SiGe BiCMOS technology. A single-pole double-throw (SPDT) switch is presented utilizing PIN diodes, with a measured insertion loss of 2 dB and an isolation of 20 dB at 140 GHz. The LNA provides a gain of 30 dB with 3 dB bandwidth of 28 GHz and minimum noise figure of 6.2 dB, demonstrating state-of-the-art performance. The square-low power detector achieves responsivity of 10 kV/W and noise equivalent power (NEP) <3 pW/VHz. The low total DC power consumption (40 mW), along with the small footprint of the presented components make them highly suitable for integration in large scale imaging arrays.
Observation of $B^+\rightarrow J/\psi 3\pi^+ 2\pi^-$ and $B^+\rightarrow \psi(2S) \pi^+\pi^+\pi^-$ decays (2016)

The decays $B^+\\rightarrow J/\\psi 3\\pi^+ 2\\pi^-$ and $B^+\\rightarrow \\psi(2S) \\pi^+\\pi^+\\pi^-$ are observed for the first time using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $3.0fb^{-1}$, collected by the LHCb experiment in proton-proton collisions at the centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. The branching fractions relative to that of $B^+ \\rightarrow \\psi(2S)K^+$ are measured to be \\begin{eqnarray*} \\frac {\\mathcal{B}\\left(B^+\\rightarrow J/\\psi 3\\pi^+ 2\\pi^- \\right)} {\\mathcal{B}\\left(B^+ \\rightarrow \\psi(2S)K^+ \\right)} &amp; = &amp; \\left(1.88\\pm0.17\\pm0.09\\right)\\times10^{-2}, \\frac {\\mathcal{B}\\left(B^+\\rightarrow \\psi(2S) \\pi^+\\pi^+\\pi^- \\right)} {\\mathcal{B}\\left(B^+ \\rightarrow \\psi(2S)K^+ \\right)} &amp; = &amp; \\left(3.04\\pm0.50\\pm0.26\\right)\\times10^{-2}, \\end{eqnarray*} where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic.
An Improved Bound for the Affine Sylvester Problem. (2007)

... affine plane, given n lines, not all parallel and not all passing through a common point, there had to be at least n ordinary points. The present paper improves 6 on this result to show that there must be at least 2n−3 7 ordinary points, except for a single arrangement of 6 lines with one ordinary point.