gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Continuous-wave versus pulse regime in a passively mode-locked laser with a fast saturable absorber (2002)

The phenomenon of modulation instability of continuous-wave (cw) solutions of the cubic–quintic complex Ginzburg–Landau equation is studied. It is shown that low-amplitude cw solutions are always unstable. For higher-amplitude cw solutions, there are regions of stability and regions where the cw solutions are modulationally unstable. It is found that there is an indirect relation between the stability of the soliton solutions and the modulation instability of the higher-amplitude cw solutions. However, there is no one-to-one correspondence between the two. We show that the evolution of modulationally unstable cw’s depends on the system parameters.
Vaccine-elicitation of cross-group neutralizing protective antibodies to influenza A viruses (2022)

ABSTRACT Current influenza vaccines predominantly induce immunity to the hypervariable viral hemagglutinin (HA) head, requiring frequent vaccine reformulation. Conversely, antigenic sites on the conserved HA stem are subdominant and harbor a supersite which is targeted by broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs), making it a prime target for universal vaccines. Here, we show that co-immunization of two stem immunogens derived from influenza A group 1 and 2 HAs elicits cross-group protective immunity and neutralizing antibody responses in mice, ferrets, and nonhuman primates (NHPs). Immunized mice were protected from multiple group 1 and 2 viruses, and all animal models showed broad serum neutralizing activity. A bnAb isolated from an immunized NHP broadly neutralized and conferred protection from viruses including H5N1 and H7N9. Genetic and structural analyses revealed a remarkable convergent evolution between macaque and human bnAbs, illustrating the biophysical constraints for acquiring immunoglobulins with cross-group specificity. Co-immunization of stem immunogens elicits not only group-specific protective immunity, but also cross-group bnAb responses, and represents a step towards broadly protective influenza vaccines.
Synthesis of (±)-eleutherin, (±)-isoeleutherin, and their demethoxy analogues. A novel synthetic approach (1981)

(±)-Eleutherin (1) and (±)-isoeleutherin (3) are prepared by intramolecular cyclization to the naphthopyrans of 2-acetyl-3-allyl-8-methoxy-1, 4-napthoquinone, which is itself obtained by the Lewis acid-mediated allylation of 2-acetyl-8-methoxy-1, 4-naphthoquinone (5) with allyltrimethylstannane (7).
Diagnosing breast implant rupture with MR imaging, US, and mammography. (1993)

A total of 135 symptomatic women with 262 breast implants were examined with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging performed with a body coil, ultrasound (US), or both to determine imaging features of implant rupture. Surgical proof was available for 33 women with 62 implants; 24 were ruptured and 38 were intact. Complicated internal structure was the most reliable predictor of implant rupture: Diffuse low-level echoes were seen on sonograms in 56% of ruptured implants; internal membranes (which correspond to the collapsed implant shell) were seen on MR images in 58% of ruptured implants. Fluid droplets were seen within the silicone in 26% of ruptured implants on MR images. Irregular implant contour can be a sign of rupture but is unreliable. Fluid collections around silicone implants are not a sign of rupture. At present, neither US nor conventional MR imaging with a body coil is sufficiently reliable to advocate routine screening of asymptomatic women with breast implants. Evaluation with MR imaging performed with a surface coil is more reliable.
Effect of N-chlorotaurine on Aspergillus, with particular reference to destruction of secreted gliotoxin (2006)

The fungistatic and fungicidal activity of N-chlorotaurine (NCT), a long-lived oxidant produced by stimulated neutrophils, was investigated. Physiological concentrations (75-100 microM) of NCT showed clear fungicidal activity against a range of Aspergillus isolates. Moreover, killing by NCT was significantly increased in the presence of ammonium chloride, explained by the formation of monochloramine by halogenation of ammonium. One clinical isolate of Aspergillus fumigatus was characterized for the production of the immunosuppressive agent gliotoxin, and NCT was shown to cause destruction of gliotoxin, possibly via reduction of the disulphide bridge. Because of its endogenous nature and its high antifungal activity, NCT appears to be a good choice for topical treatment of Aspergillus infections, and the results of this study further substantiate its therapeutic efficacy.
Genome-wide association study of bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a potential role for variants near the CRP gene (2017)

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), the main consequence of prematurity, has a significant heritability, but little is known about predisposing genes. The aim of this study was to identify gene loci predisposing infants to BPD. The initial genome-wide association study (GWAS) included 174 Finnish preterm infants of gestational age 24-30 weeks. Thereafter, the most promising single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with BPD were genotyped in both Finnish (n = 555) and non-Finnish (n = 388) replication cohorts. Finally, plasma CRP levels from the first week of life and the risk of BPD were assessed. SNP rs11265269, flanking the CRP gene, showed the strongest signal in GWAS (odds ratio [OR] 3.2, p = 3.4 × 10<sup>-6</sup>). This association was nominally replicated in Finnish and French African populations. A number of other SNPs in the CRP region, including rs3093059, had nominal associations with BPD. During the first week of life the elevated plasma levels of CRP predicted the risk of BPD (OR 3.4, p = 2.9 × 10<sup>-4</sup>) and the SNP rs3093059 associated nominally with plasma CRP levels. Finally, SNP rs11265269 was identified as a risk factor of BPD (OR 1.8, p = 5.3 × 10<sup>-5</sup>), independently of the robust antenatal risk factors. As such, in BPD, a potential role for variants near CRP gene is proposed.
In-plane linear displacement bistable microrelay (2002)

In this paper we investigate the linear displacement bistable mechanism (LDBM) for use in microrelays. The LDBM, thermal actuators and contacts are integrated to demonstrate a relay design. The performance of the relay is characterized using relay performance metrics, including size (1.92 mm2), contact force (23.4 μN), switching time (340 μs), breakdown voltage (>475 V) and isolation (>235 V). The actuation voltage and current are 11 V and 85 mA, respectively. The ac characteristics, including contact-to-contact crosstalk and ac isolation are also measured. The testing results demonstrate that it is feasible to use the LDBM as a microrelay and that it has potential for use in future applications.
Figure S8 from Genomic and Epigenomic Landscaping Defines New Therapeutic Targets for Adenosquamous Carcinoma of the Pancreas (2023)

&lt;p&gt;IHC analysis of RORC in ASCP PDXs and metastases. A) PAX265; B) PAX139; C) 9R liver metastases; D) Summary of RORC staining in PDAC and ASCP primary PDXs, and in metastatic lesions (+ low predominately cytosolic, ++ medium cytosolic and nuclear, +++ high predominately nuclear).&lt;/p&gt;
Human telomere disease due to disruption of the CCAAT box of the TERC promoter (2012)

Mutations in the coding region of telomerase complex genes can result in accelerated telomere attrition and human disease. Manifestations of telomere disease include the bone marrow failure syndromes dyskeratosis congenita and aplastic anemia, acute myeloid leukemia, liver cirrhosis, and pulmonary fibrosis. Here, we describe a mutation in the CCAAT box (GCAAT) of the TERC gene promoter in a family in which multiple members had typical features of telomeropathy. The genetic alteration in this critical regulatory sequence resulted in reduced reporter gene activity and absent binding of transcription factor NF-Y, likely responsible for reduced TERC levels, decreased telomerase activity, and short telomeres. This is the first description of a pathogenic mutation in the highly conserved CCAAT box and the first instance of a mutation in the promoter region of TERC producing a telomeropathy. We propose that current mutation-screening strategies should include gene promoter regions for the diagnosis of telomere diseases. This clinical trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00071045.
TK216 targets microtubules in Ewing sarcoma cells (2022)

Ewing sarcoma (EWS) is a pediatric malignancy driven by the EWSR1-FLI1 fusion protein formed by the chromosomal translocation t(11; 22). The small molecule TK216 was developed as a first-in-class direct EWSR1-FLI1 inhibitor and is in phase II clinical trials in combination with vincristine for patients with EWS. However, TK216 exhibits anti-cancer activity against cancer cell lines and xenografts that do not express EWSR1-FLI1, and the mechanism underlying cytotoxicity remains unresolved. We apply a forward-genetics screening platform utilizing engineered hypermutation in EWS cell lines and identify recurrent mutations in TUBA1B, encoding ⍺-tubulin, that prove sufficient to drive resistance to TK216. Using reconstituted microtubule (MT) polymerization in vitro and cell-based chemical probe competition assays, we demonstrate that TK216 acts as an MT destabilizing agent. This work defines the mechanism of cytotoxicity of TK216, explains the synergy observed with vincristine, and calls for a reexamination of ongoing clinical trials with TK216.
Análisis y diseño de monopolos acoplados para dispositivos móviles multibanda (2008)

A novel low profile planar antenna is proposed. The\nantenna presented is a coupled monopole antenna, comprising\nat least a driven element coupled with one or more parasitic\nelements. The design proposed is suitable to be used into a\nhandheld device. The dimensions of the antenna are 33x15x1\nmm3\n. In order to facilitate the integration of other components,\nsuch cameras or speakers, a ground plane area at the right side\nof the antenna is provided. The study carried out reveals the\nrelevance of the arms location over the performance of the\nantenna. The theoretic base is reinforced by a network model\nand a parametrical study. The coupling between elements\ncontrols the behaviour of the antenna. In this sense, a weak\ncoupling between the driven element and at least one parasitic\nelement enhances the bandwidth, whereas a multiband\nbehaviour is achieved by a strong coupling. Finally, the PCB\n(Printed Circuit Board) influence has also been analyzed.
On the Opportunistic Multicasting in OFDM-Based Cellular Networks (2008)

In this paper, we investigate the performance of opportunistic scheduling for delivering multicast information in an OFDM-based cellular network. The problem is formulated as a system throughput maximization problem subject to the fairness constraints derived from each user's specific minimum QoS requirement. As a solution we design an opportunistic scheduling algorithm based on a priority metric that follows an exponential rule. The metric takes into account the current channel state information to take advantage of the better channel states observed by different subsets of the multicast users at different time slots and sub-bands in order to increase the system throughput. The metric also explicitly includes a term to compensate the deviations observed by individual users from their QoS targets. Hence, our proposed algorithm jointly considers two issues in multicasting: throughput maximization and fairness in terms of the targeted QoS levels. In the paper, we further investigate the impact of feedback frequency on the system performance. For scenarios where feedback is not available for every time slot, a probabilistic scheduling algorithm is proposed based on a finite state Markov channel (FSMC) that models the underlying fading channel. Our simulation results show that our algorithm can achieve significantly better performance compared to other commonly used algorithms. Moreover, the solution can also achieve graceful performance degradation when CSI feedback is not available at every time slot.
Synthesis of pyrimidino[4,5‐b][1,5]benzodiazepin‐2‐ones and pyrimidino[1,6‐a]benzimidazol‐1‐ones from 4‐ethoxycarbonylamino‐1H‐1,5‐benzodiazpine‐3‐carbonitrile via 4‐(2‐aminoanilino)pyrimidin‐2(1H)‐one‐5‐carbonitriles (1986)

Abstract Reactions of 4‐ethoxycarbonylamino‐1 H ‐1,5‐benzodiazepine‐3‐carbonitrile (2) with aliphatic primary amines gave 1‐substituted 4‐(2‐aminoanilino)pyrimidin‐2(1 H )‐one‐5‐carbonitriles 3. Analogous reactions of 2 with aromatic primary amines afforded 2‐(2′‐anilino‐1′‐cyanovinyl)benzimidazoles 5 and 6. Upon treatment with triethylamine, 3 underwent intramolecular cyclization to give 3‐substituted 5‐aminopyrimidino[4,5‐ b ]‐[1,5]benzodiazepin‐2(3 H ,11 H )‐ones 8 . Heating of 3 with p ‐toluenesulfonic acid in ethanol gave 2‐substituted pyrimidino[1,6‐ a ]benzimidazol‐1(2 H )one‐4‐carbonitriles 9 . Reactions of 2 with hydrazines were also described. Mechanistic pathways are proposed to account for the products.
Cytotoxic Guanidine Alkaloids from a French Polynesian Monanchora n. sp. Sponge (2016)

Four bicyclic and three pentacyclic guanidine alkaloids (1-7) were isolated from a French Polynesian Monanchora n. sp. sponge, along with the known alkaloids monalidine A (8), enantiomers 9-11 of known natural product crambescins, and the known crambescidins 12-15. Structures were assigned by spectroscopic data interpretation. The relative and absolute configurations of the alkaloids were established by analysis of (1)H NMR and NOESY spectra and by circular dichroism analysis. The new norcrambescidic acid (7) corresponds to interesting biosynthetic variation within the pentacyclic core. All compounds exhibited antiproliferative and cytotoxic efficacy against KB, HCT116, HL60, MRC5, and B16F10 cancer cells, with IC50 values ranging from 4 nM to 10 μM.
.alpha.-Amino aldehyde equivalents as substrates for rabbit muscle aldolase: synthesis of 1,4-dideoxy-D-arabinitol and 2(R),5(R)-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3(R),4(R)-dihydroxypyrrolidine (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT.alpha.-Amino aldehyde equivalents as substrates for rabbit muscle aldolase: synthesis of 1,4-dideoxy-D-arabinitol and 2(R),5(R)-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3(R),4(R)-dihydroxypyrrolidineRebecca R. Hung, Julie Ann Straub, and George M. WhitesidesCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 12, 3849–3855Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00012a015https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00012a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1150Altmetric-Citations93LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
High-quality GaN crystals grown from double-polarity hydride vapor phase epitaxy and single-polarization regrowth (2019)

Abstract In this study, high-quality GaN crystals with low-dislocation density were grown with hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) followed by polishing and selective area growth. By optimizing the conditions of growth temperature and the ratio of Ga to N, stable double-polarity facet growth on a sapphire substrate was achieved, with dislocation density of the order of 10 4 cm −2 . Dislocations were eliminated into the N-polar regions of the crystal to produce a GaN substrate with single-polarity Ga. After chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) of GaN with double-polarity solutions of Ga and N, a SiO 2 mask was deposited on the N-polar region, and GaN was regrown using HVPE. The resulting GaN substrate grown on the CMP-GaN template had a very flat surface with only single-polarity Ga.
Learned SIRT for Cone Beam Computed Tomography Reconstruction (2019)

We introduce the learned simultaneous iterative reconstruction technique (SIRT) for tomographic reconstruction. The learned SIRT algorithm is a deep learning based reconstruction method combining model knowledge with a learned component. The algorithm is trained by mapping raw measured data to the reconstruction results over several iterations. The Learned SIRT algorithm is applied to a cone beam geometry on a circular orbit, a challenging problem for learned methods due to its 3D geometry and its inherent inability to completely capture the patient anatomy. A comparison of 2D reconstructions is shown, where the learned SIRT approach produces reconstructions with superior peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity (SSIM), compared to FBP, SIRT and U-net post-processing and similar PSNR and SSIM compared to the learned primal dual algorithm. Similar results are shown for cone beam geometry reconstructions of a 3D Shepp Logan phantom, where we obtain between 9.9 and 28.1 dB improvement over FBP with a substantial improvement in SSIM. Finally we show that our algorithm scales to clinically relevant problems, and performs well when applied to measurements of a physical phantom.
PHASE BEHAVIOR OF BRANCHED TAIL ETHOXYLATED CARBOXYLATE SURFACTANT/ELECTROLYTE/ALKANE SYSTEMS. (1987)

ABSTRACT This paper describes the effect of pH on phase behavior of branched tail EO carboxylate surfactants in electrolyte/ alkane microemulsion system3 which are of possible pertinence to enhanced oil recovery. The pH of the aqueous surfactant solutions was found to have a considerable effect on the salinity requirement for middle phase microemulsion formation. At 70 and 60°C alcohol-free optimal three phase microemulsion systems are formed with all alkanes studied over the entire pH range of 6-12. At lower temperatures and. higher pH values, liquid crystals were found to form in systems which contained lower molecular weight alkanes.
Green Composites from Sugar Beet Pulp and Poly(lactic acid): Structural and Mechanical Characterization (2007)

The impulse heat-sealing properties of wheat gluten films were investigated. Films containing 30 wt% glycerol were compression molded at 100-130 degrees C and then sealed in a lap-shear or peel-tes ...
PD-L1 Expression in Endocervical Adenocarcinoma (2020)

Programmed death-1 ligand (PD-L1) expression has been used as a predictive marker for response to immune checkpoint inhibitors and has been reported to have prognostic value. Its prevalence and significance in endocervical adenocarcinoma (ECA) remain underinvestigated. We evaluated PD-L1 expression and CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte density in whole tissue sections of 89 ECAs. PD-L1 expression was observed in 68% of ECAs by combined positive score (CPS, cutoff 1) and 29% of ECAs by tumor proportion score (TPS, cutoff 1%). Using CPS, PD-L1 expression was seen in 11%, 78%, and 72% of pattern A, B, and C tumors, respectively, with significantly higher expression in tumors with destructive-type invasion (B and C) (P=0.001 [A vs. B], 0.0006 [A vs. C], 0.0002 [A vs. B+C]). Using TPS, no significant difference in PD-L1 expression was seen between tumors with different invasion patterns (0%, 22%, and 32% in tumors with pattern A, B, and C, respectively; P=0.27 [A vs. B], 0.053 [A vs. C], 0.11 [A vs. B+C]). PD-L1-positive ECAs demonstrated significantly higher CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte density (CPS: P=0.028; TPS: P=0.013) and worse progression-free survival when compared with PD-L1-negative ECAs (CPS: hazard ratio [HR]=4.253 vs. 0.235, P=0.025; TPS: HR=4.98 vs. 0.2; P=0.004). When invasion patterns were separately assessed, pattern C tumors similarly showed worse progression-free survival in PD-L1-positive tumors (CPS: HR=6.15 vs. 0.16, P=0.045; TPS: HR=3.78 vs. 0.26, P=0.027). In conclusion, our data show frequent PD-L1 expression in ECA with destructive-type invasion, supporting the role of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway as a therapeutic target for these tumors. Our data also support PD-L1 as a negative prognostic marker associated with a potentially unfavorable outcome.
Targeted Mass Spectrometric Approach for Biomarker Discovery and Validation with Nonglycosylated Tryptic Peptides from N-linked Glycoproteins in Human Plasma (2011)

A simple mass spectrometric approach for the discovery and validation of biomarkers in human plasma was developed by targeting nonglycosylated tryptic peptides adjacent to glycosylation sites in an N-linked glycoprotein, one of the most important biomarkers for early detection, prognoses, and disease therapies. The discovery and validation of novel biomarkers requires complex sample pretreatment steps, such as depletion of highly abundant proteins, enrichment of desired proteins, or the development of new antibodies. The current study exploited the steric hindrance of glycan units in N-linked glycoproteins, which significantly affects the efficiency of proteolytic digestion if an enzymatically active amino acid is adjacent to the N-linked glycosylation site. Proteolytic digestion then results in quantitatively different peptide products in accordance with the degree of glycosylation. The effect of glycan steric hindrance on tryptic digestion was first demonstrated using alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) as a model compound versus deglycosylated alpha-1-acid glycoprotein. Second, nonglycosylated tryptic peptide biomarkers, which generally show much higher sensitivity in mass spectrometric analyses than their glycosylated counterparts, were quantified in human hepatocellular carcinoma plasma using a label-free method with no need for N-linked glycoprotein enrichment. Finally, the method was validated using a multiple reaction monitoring analysis, demonstrating that the newly discovered nonglycosylated tryptic peptide targets were present at different levels in normal and hepatocellular carcinoma plasmas. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve generated through analyses of nonglycosylated tryptic peptide from vitronectin precursor protein was 0.978, the highest observed in a group of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. This work provides a targeted means of discovering and validating nonglycosylated tryptic peptides as biomarkers in human plasma, without the need for complex enrichment processes or expensive antibody preparations.