gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical characterization and thermodynamic analysis of TEMPO derivatives in ionic liquids (2021)

In this study we investigate the reversibility of the reduction process of three TEMPO derivatives - TEMPOL, 4-cyano-TEMPO, and 4-oxo-TEMPO. The [C2mim][BF4] and [C4mpyr][OTf] ionic liquids (ILs) were used to perform cyclic voltammetry (CV) to analyse the redox potentials of the TEMPO derivatives. The former was previously shown to quench the aminoxy anion of TEMPO through a proton transfer reaction with the cation, whereas the latter supported the irreversibility of the TEMPO reduction process. In CV results on TEMPO derivatives, it was shown that [C4mpyr][OTf] could allow for a high degree of reversibility in the reduction of 4-cyano-TEMPO and a moderate degree of reversibility in the reduction of TEMPOL. In comparison, reduction of 4-cyano-TEMPO was predominantly irreversible in [C2mim][BF4], whilst TEMPOL showed complete irreversibility. 4-Oxo-TEMPO did not show any notable reduction reversibility in either IL tested. Reduction potentials showed little variation between the derivatives and 0.2 V variation between the ILs, with the most negative reduction potential being observed at -1.43 V vs. Fc/Fc+ for TEMPOL in [C4mpyr][OTf]. To explain the varying degrees of reversibility of the reduction process, four types of side reactions involving proton transfer to the aminoxy anion were studied using highly correlated quantum chemical methods. Proton transfer from the IL cation was shown to have the ability to quench all three aminoxy anions depending on the IL used. On average, TEMPOL was shown to be the most susceptible to proton transfer from the IL cation, having an average Gibbs free energy (GFE) of 10.5 kJ mol-1 more negative than that of 4-cyano-TEMPO, which was shown to have the highest GFE of proton transfer. Side reactions between water and aminoxy anions were also seen to have the potential to contribute to degradation of the aminoxy anions tested, with 4-oxo-TEMPO being shown to be the most reactive to degradation with water with a GFE of -12.6 kJ mol-1. 4-Oxo-TEMPO was found to be highly susceptible to self-quenching by its aminoxy anion and radical form with highly negative proton transfer GFEs of -47.9 kJ mol-1 and -57.7 kJ mol-1, respectively. Overall, 4-cyano-TEMPO is recommended as being the most stable of the aminoxy anions tested with TEMPOL, thus providing a viable alternative to improve solubility should the IL be tuned to maximize its stability.
Multi-Objective Optimization of Pin-Fin Heatsinks (2009)

The multi-objective optimization of pin-fin heatsinks using a Kriging approximation model is presented based on systematic experimental results. Thermal resistance and pressure drop are the objective functions in this study. Pareto solutions to the objective functions are illustrated. We derived the design rules for the diameter, height, and pitches for the uniform staggered arrays of pin-fin heatsinks by correlating the objective functions with design variables. We also analyzed the contribution of all design variables to the thermal resistance as well as the pressure drop. We found that both the thermal resistance and the pressure drop are the most sensitive to the ratio of transverse pitch to pin-fin diameter.
Integrity Design and Updated Test Results for the Stanford LAAS Integrity Monitor Testbed (2001)

The authors would like to give thanks to many other people in the Stanford GPS research group for their advice and interest. Funding support from the FAA Satellite Navigation LAAS Program Office (AND-710) is appreciated. The opinions discussed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the FAA
and other affiliated agencies.
The structural basis of the inhibition of human glycosidases by castanospermine analogues (1990)

A series of epimers and deoxy derivatives of castanospermine has been synthesized to investigate the contribution of the different chiral centres to the specificity and potency of inhibition of human liver glycosidases. Castanospermine inhibits all forms of alpha- and beta-D-glucosidases, but alteration to any of the five chiral centres in castanospermine markedly decreases the inhibition. 6-Epicastanospermine, which is related to D-pyranomannose in the same way as castanospermine is to D-pyranoglucose, does not inhibit lysosomal (acidic) alpha-mannosidase, but is a good inhibitor of the cytosolic or neutral alpha-mannosidase. Conversely, 1-deoxy-6-epicastanospermine inhibits acidic alpha-mannosidase strongly, but not the neutral alpha-mannosidase. An explanation of this different inhibition based on preferential recognition of different configurations of mannose by the different forms of alpha-mannosidase is postulated. All derivatives of 6-epicastanospermine also have the minimum structural feature for the inhibition of alpha-L-fucosidase, but those with a beta-anomeric substituent do not inhibit the enzyme, or do so very weakly. 1-Deoxy-6,8a-diepicastanospermine, which has four chiral centres identical with alpha-L-fucose, is, however, a potent inhibitor of alpha-L-fucosidase (Ki 1.3 microM).
PARTICLE FILM TECHNOLOGY: AN OVERVIEW OF HISTORY, CONCEPTS AND IMPACT IN HORTICULTURE (2004)

ISHS XXVI International Horticultural Congress: Key Processes in the Growth and Cropping of Deciduous Fruit and Nut Trees PARTICLE FILM TECHNOLOGY: AN OVERVIEW OF HISTORY, CONCEPTS AND IMPACT IN HORTICULTURE
<title>Antibody-based fiber optic sensors for environmental and process-control applications</title> (1991)

Combining fluoroimmunoassay principles and fiber-optic fluorimetry has extended the available transduction schemes for development of fiber-optic sensors. Three representative designs are discussed focusing on a sensor configuration utilizing a controlled-release polymer to sustain a release of indicating reagents over long periods. This novel approach has been adapted for pesticide monitoring. A model system has been designed that releases the reagents of a homogeneous fluoroimmunoassay from an ethylene vinyl acetate polymer for the detection of atrazine. The sensor utilizes a competition reaction between fluorescent-labeled and unlabeled atrazine for the available binding sites on labeled anti-atrazine antibodies.
Reversible interaction of dioxygen with dibromo(triethylphosphine)manganese (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReversible interaction of dioxygen with dibromo(triethylphosphine)manganeseH. D. Burkett and S. D. WorleyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 16, 5992–5994Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00198a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00198a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views70Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sparsity-Aided Low-Implementation cost based On-Board beamforming Design for High Throughput Satellite Systems (2018)

Soaring demand for high data rate services entails high throughput satellite (HTS) systems with multi-beam architecture, and full frequency and time resources reuse. However, interference among simultaneously served users is the fundamental factor that is needed to be addressed before enacting HTS system with this architecture. Beamforming has been proposed as a potential technique to mitigate the interference in the literature. Different types of beamforming techniques proposed including beamforming at payload (on-board), beamforming at a gateway and hybrid beamforming. On-board beamforming prevails over other techniques due to its advantages—channel information at payload is more recent than gateway and sharing overhead of channel and symbols across multiple gateways is reduced in a multi-gateway architecture to name a few. Despite these advantages, beamforming at the gateway is usually preferred due to the heavy processing cost incurred in beamforming. Beamforming processing cost can be split into two factors: design cost and implementation cost. While design cost accounts for the cost involved in the design of beamformer, implementation cost accounts for multiplications and additions involved in applying calculated beamformer coefficients to data symbols. Through our study, we noticed that the major contributing factor to processing cost is the implementation cost which accumulates for every data symbol rather than design cost which is incurred only once per channel coherence time which usually relatively longer than many data symbols. Furthermore, the implementation cost is dominated by the multiplications involved. Hence, in this work, we address the issue of implementation cost from the perspective of on-board multiplications. We formulate the problem of minimizing on-board implementation cost (multiplications) of a beamformer as a second-order cone programming problem with the help of $\ell _{1}$ norm constraint on the beamforming matrix subjected to a minimum signal-to-interference-noise ratio of simultaneously served users and classical total power constraint. We show the efficacy of our algorithm over the traditional power minimization method through Monte-Carlo simulations.
3100 V, asymmetrical, gate turn-off (GTO) thyristors in 4H-SiC (2001)

A 2-mm×2-mm, 4H-SiC, asymmetrical npnp gate turn-off (GTO) thyristor with a blocking voltage of 3100 V and a forward current of 12 A is reported. This is the highest reported power handling capability of 37 kW for a single device in SiC. The 5-epilayer structure utilized a blocking layer that was 50 μm thick, p-type, doped at about 7-9×10/sup 14/ cm/sup -3/. The devices were terminated with a single zone junction termination extension (JTE) region formed by ion-implantation of nitrogen at 650/spl deg/C. The device was able to reliably turn-on and turn-off 20 A (500 A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) of anode current with a turn-on gain (I/sub K//I/sub G, on/) of 20 and a turn-off gain (I/sub K//I/sub G, off/) of 3.3.
Cellular XylS Levels Are a Function of Transcription of xylS from Two Independent Promoters and the Differential Efficiency of Translation of the Two mRNAs (2004)

XylS controls the expression of the meta-cleavage pathway for the metabolism of benzoates in Pseudomonas putida KT2440. The xylS gene is expressed from two promoters, Ps1 and Ps2. Transcription from Ps2 is low and constitutive, whereas transcription from Ps1 is induced in the presence of toluene. In this study, we also show that translation of mRNA generated from Ps1 is 10 times more efficient than that generated from Ps2. This pattern of transcription and translation of xylS gives rise to two modes of activation of the promoter of the meta pathway operon (Pm) according to the concentration of XylS in the cell. In cells growing with benzoate, with small amounts of XylS, the activated XylS regulator binds the effector and stimulates transcription from Pm, whereas in cells growing with toluene, the high levels of XylS suffice to stimulate transcription from Pm even in the absence of XylS effectors.
Exotic nanophotonic states for enhanced active photonic devices (2017)

Nanophotonic systems can support a wide variety of states of unusual properties. I will describe how some such states discovered recently could be useful for a variety of enhanced active photonic devices.
Innovative gas turbine cooling techniques (2008)

Welcome to the WIT Press eLibrary - the home of the Transactions of the Wessex Institute collection, providing on-line access to papers presented at the Institute's prestigious international conferences and from its State-of-the-Art in Science & Engineering publications.
A high-frequency inverter architecture for providing variable compensation in wireless power transfer systems (2018)

This paper introduces a new high-frequency inverter architecture that can compensate for coupling variations in wireless power transfer (WPT) systems, while operating at a fixed frequency and maintaining high efficiency. This architecture, termed the variable compensation inverter (VCI), comprises multiple high-frequency inverters feeding a lossless resonant network, with the inputs of the inverters fed by controllable voltages. By appropriately controlling the input voltages of the individual inverters and their relative phase-shift, the VCI can maintain near-resistive, and slightly inductive, loading of the inverters even as the reactance of the WPT coupler changes; hence, providing compensation while maintaining zero-voltage and near-zero-current switching. The VCI also ensures that the output power of the WPT system is maintained at a fixed level even during coupling variations. A prototype VCI is designed, built and tested with a 1.5-MHz 65-W capacitive WPT system for laptop charging applications. The system is able to fully compensate for up to 50% lateral misalignments in the capacitive coupler while maintaining a fixed output power level of 65 W and achieving 82% efficiency.
Formation of Cell Junctions Between Grafted and Host Cardiomyocytes at the Border Zone of Rat Myocardial Infarction (1999)

Background —Cardiomyocyte transplantation is an innovative strategy for the treatment of heart failure after myocardial infarction. Cell junctions show diverse temporal polarization toward intercalated disks during postnatal development and exhibit altered distribution in diseased hearts. To elucidate the formation of cell junctions between grafted and host cardiomyocytes at the border zone of myocardial infarction, the 3D distribution of cell junctions was examined using immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. Methods and Results —Neonatal cardiomyocytes obtained from 3-day-old rats by collagenase digestion and Percoll density centrifugation were injected into the border zones of infarction sites 10 days after coronary ligation in adult rats. At 4 to 14 days after transplantation, hearts were harvested and processed by immunohistochemistry. Antibodies against connexin43, desmoplakin, and cadherin were used to analyze the distribution of gap junctions, desmosomes, and adherens junctions, respectively. Grafted cardiomyocytes were identified by immunohistochemistry for α-smooth muscle actin. Grafted cardiomyocytes tended to align parallel to the host cardiomyocytes. Connexin43, desmoplakin, and cadherin were localized between grafted cardiomyocytes themselves and between grafted and host cardiomyocytes. Semiquantitative analysis revealed that all junctions showed increasing polarization to longitudinal cell termini, especially at the border of grafted and host cardiomyocytes, as time advanced from 4 to 7 days after transplantation. Conclusions —These findings indicate that grafted cardiomyocytes foster electrical pathways with host counterparts through the gap junction and suggest that the environment in infarcted hearts could influence the localization of gap junctions, desmosomes, and adherens junctions.
Quantum size dependence of femtosecond electronic dephasing and vibrational dynamics in CdSe nanocrystals (1994)

Femtosecond photon-echo techniques are used to probe the dynamics of quantum-confined excitons in nanocrystals of CdSe. Using three-pulse photon echoes, the modulation of the echo signal from the LO-phonon mode is effectively suppressed, and both the electronic dephasing and the couplings to lattice vibrations are probed directly. Detailed measurements are reported as a function of both nanocrystal size and temperature. The dephasing times vary from 85 fs in nanocrystals of 20-\AA{} diameter to 270 fs in 40-\AA{} crystals. These rates are determined by several dynamical processes, all of which depend sensitively on the size of the nanocrystal. The time scale of the trapping of the electronic excitation to surface states increases with increasing size. The coupling of the excitation to low-frequency vibrational modes is strongly size dependent as well, in accordance with a theoretical model. The photon echo also gives information on the polar coupling between the electronic state and the LO-phonon mode. This coupling is found to peak at an intermediate size. This phenomenon is interpreted as a manifestation of coupling between the interior confined excitons and localized surface states, which destroys the spherical symmetry of the excited state. Using these data, all of the important contributions to the size-dependent homogeneous linewidths can be enumerated.
Increasing the bit rate in OCDMA systems using pulse position modulation techniques (2007)

We have experimentally demonstrated two novel pulse position modulation techniques, namely Double Pulse Position Modulation (2-PPM) and Differential Pulse Position Modulation (DPPM) in Time-Wavelength OCDMA systems that will operate at a higher bit rate compared to traditional OOK-OCDMA systems with the same bandwidth. With 2-PPM technique, the number of active users will be more than DPPM while their bit rate is almost the same. Both techniques provide variable quality of service in OCDMA networks.
Immortalized Human Brain Endothelial Cells and Flow-Based Vascular Modeling: A Marriage of Convenience for Rational Neurovascular Studies (2007)

In evaluating drugs that enter or are excluded from the brain, novel pharmaceutical strategies are needed. For this reason, we have developed a humanized Dynamic In vitro Blood-Brain Barrier model (hDIV-BBB) based on a novel human brain vascular endothelial cell line (HCMEC/D3), which closely mimics the BBB in vivo. In this system, HCMEC/D3 was grown in the lumen of hollow microporous fibers and exposed to a physiological pulsatile flow. Comparison with well-established humanized DIV-BBB models (based on human brain and non-brain vascular endothelial cells co-cultured with abluminal astrocytes) demonstrated that HCMEC/D3 cells cultured under flow conditions maintain in vitro physiological permeability barrier properties of the BBB in situ even in the absence of abluminal astrocytes. Measurements of glucose metabolism demonstrated that HCMEC/D3 cells retain an aerobic metabolic pathway. Permeability to sucrose and two relevant central nervous system drugs showed that the HCMEC/D3 cells grown under dynamic conditions closely mimic the physiological permeability properties of the BBB in situ (slope=0.93). Osmotic disruption of the BBB was also successfully achieved. Peak BBB opening in the DIV-BBB lasted from 20 to 30 mins and was completely reversible. Furthermore, the sequence of flow cessation/reperfusion in the presence of leukocytes led to BBB failure as demonstrated by a biphasic decrease in transendothelial electrical resistance. Additionally, BBB failure was paralleled by the intraluminal release of proinflammatory factors (interleukin-6 and interleukin-1beta) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Pretreatment with ibuprofen (0.125 mmol/L) prevented BBB failure by decreasing the inflammatory response after flow cessation/reperfusion.
Prevention and therapy of SARS-CoV-2 and the B.1.351 variant in mice (2021)

Improving clinical care for individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 variants is a global health priority. Small-molecule antivirals like remdesivir (RDV) and biologics such as human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have demonstrated therapeutic efficacy against SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It is not known whether combination RDV/mAb will improve outcomes over single-agent therapies or whether antibody therapies will remain efficacious against variants. Here, we show that a combination of two mAbs in clinical trials, C144 and C135, have potent antiviral effects against even when initiated 48 h after infection and have therapeutic efficacy in vivo against the B.1.351 variant of concern (VOC). Combining RDV and antibodies provided a modest improvement in outcomes compared with single agents. These data support the continued use of RDV to treat SARS-CoV-2 infections and the continued clinical development of the C144 and C135 antibody combination to treat patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Supplementary Tables 1-4 from Integrative Analysis of Proteomic Signatures, Mutations, and Drug Responsiveness in the NCI 60 Cancer Cell Line Set (2023)

Supplementary Tables 1-4 from Integrative Analysis of Proteomic Signatures, Mutations, and Drug Responsiveness in the NCI 60 Cancer Cell Line Set
Abstract 554: The role of Mycobacterium w as a novel treatment for osteosarcoma (2023)

Abstract Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant primary tumor of bone and occurs in adolescents and young adults as well as in the elderly. Despite a number of large clinical trial efforts, metastatic sarcoma remains a lethal disease, and there have been no meaningful advances in therapy or improvements in patient outcomes for decades. Mycobacterium w (Mw, also known as Mycobacterium indicus pranii) is a non-pathogenic strain of mycobacterium which has been used as an immunomodulator against leprosy, tuberculosis and several cancers and is approved for treatment of NSCLC along with chemotherapy in India. Mw promotes a Th1 immune response and its administration in tumor bearing animals is associated with an increase in total number of tumor infiltrating immune cells (TIIC) with decrease in FOXP3 and PD-1 expressing TIIC in pancreatic cancer and melanoma. Previous studies in our lab have shown that Mw promotes mature dendritic cell and activated CD8+ T cell accumulation within the tumor microenvironment in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer. We compared the effects Mw with standard of care doxorubicin on OS tumor progression in a subcutaneous K7M2 syngeneic mouse model. Mw treatment was more effective at tumor inhibition than doxorubicin. Immunohistochemistry analyses of OS tumors revealed an increase in macrophages following Mw treatment. We aim to further analyze the tumor immune microenvironment using a panel of 28 antibodies to determine alterations due to Mw treatment. With these results we hope to show that Mw is a promising candidate for further development as a therapy for OS. Citation Format: Kirsten Stefan, Arpit Dheeraj, Dhanir Tailor, Sushil Kumar, Wenqi Li, Rajiv Modi, Manjul Joshipura, Bakulesh Khamar, Lara E. Davis, Sanjay V. Malhotra. The role of Mycobacterium w as a novel treatment for osteosarcoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 554.