gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High performance imaging using arrays of inexpensive cameras (2004)

Digital cameras are becoming increasingly cheap and ubiquitous, leading researchers to exploit multiple cameras and plentiful processing to create richer and more accurate representations of real settings. This thesis addresses issues of scale in large camera arrays. I present a scalable architecture that continuously streams color video from over 100 inexpensive cameras to disk using four PCs, creating a one gigasample-per-second photometer. It extends prior work in camera arrays by providing as much control over those samples as possible. For example, this system not only ensures that the cameras are frequency-locked, but also allows arbitrary, constant temporal phase shifts between cameras, allowing the application to control the temporal sampling. The flexible mounting system also supports many different configurations, from tightly packed to widely spaced cameras, so applications can specify camera placement. Even greater flexibility is provided by processing power at each camera, including an MPEG2 encoder for video compression, and FPGAs and embedded microcontrollers to perform low-level image processing for real-time applications. 
I present three novel applications for the camera array that highlight strengths of the architecture and the advantages and feasibility of working with many inexpensive cameras: synthetic aperture videography, high speed videography, and spatiotemporal view interpolation. Synthetic aperture videography uses numerous moderately spaced cameras to emulate a single large-aperture one. Such a camera can see through partially occluding objects like foliage or crowds. I show the first synthetic aperture images and videos of dynamic events, including live video accelerated by image warps performed at each camera. High-speed videography uses densely packed cameras with staggered trigger times to increase the effective frame rate of the system. I show how to compensate for artifacts induced by the electronic rolling shutter commonly used in inexpensive CMOS image sensors and present results streaming 1560 fps video using 52 cameras. Spatiotemporal view interpolation processes images from multiple video cameras to synthesize new views from times and positions not in the captured data. We simultaneously extend imaging performance along two axes by properly staggering the trigger times of many moderately spaced cameras, enabling a novel multiple-camera optical flow variant for spatiotemporal view interpolation.* 
*This dissertation is a compound document (contains both a paper copy and a CD as part of the dissertation). The CD requires the following system requirements: Windows MediaPlayer or RealPlayer.
Fast fluorescence microscopy for imaging the dynamics of embryonic development (2008)

Live imaging has gained a pivotal role in developmental biology since it increasingly allows real-time observation of cell behavior in intact organisms. Microscopes that can capture the dynamics of ever-faster biological events, fluorescent markers optimal for in vivo imaging, and, finally, adapted reconstruction and analysis programs to complete data flow all contribute to this success. Focusing on temporal resolution, we discuss how fast imaging can be achieved with minimal prejudice to spatial resolution, photon count, or to reliably and automatically analyze images. In particular, we show how integrated approaches to imaging that combine bright fluorescent probes, fast microscopes, and custom post-processing techniques can address the kinetics of biological systems at multiple scales. Finally, we discuss remaining challenges and opportunities for further advances in this field.
Association of Metformin With the Development of Age-Related Macular Degeneration (2022)

These data suggest neither metformin nor lifestyle changes initiated for diabetes prevention were associated with the risk of any AMD, with similar results for AMD severity. Duration of metformin use was also not associated with AMD. This analysis does not address the association of metformin with incidence or progression of AMD.
Role of Protein Kinase G in Growth and Glutamine Metabolism of Mycobacterium bovis BCG (2005)

The survival of pathogenic mycobacteria in macrophages requires the eukaryotic enzyme-like serine/threonine protein kinase G. This kinase with unknown specificity is secreted into the cytosol of infected macrophages and inhibits phagosome-lysosome fusion. The pknG gene is the terminal gene in a putative operon containing glnH, encoding a protein potentially involved in glutamine uptake. Here, we report that the deletion of pknG did not affect either glutamine uptake or intracellular glutamine concentrations. In vitro growth of Mycobacterium bovis BCG lacking pknG was identical to that of the wild type. We conclude that in M. bovis BCG, glutamine metabolism is not regulated by protein kinase G.
Modulation instability and pattern formation of incoherent light (2001)

Modulation instability and pattern formation in spatially incoherent light beams is experimentally demonstrated, and we show that patterns, such as 2D self-ordered arrays of light spots, can form spontaneously from noise. This is a universal phenomena that relates to other nonlinear systems of weakly-correlated particles, such as Bose-Einstein condensates and semiconductors near the quantum Hall regime.
Motor del cambio (2004)

If LAT is substituted for UNO, it can be predicted that 63.3% of the patients will respond.
Robustness to speaker position in distant-talking automatic speech recognition (2013)

In this paper, we show a method that significantly improved our previous work in single-channel dereverberation. The proposed method is more robust to changes in speaker position in distant talking ASR. First, we update the room transfer function (RTF) and weighting parameters for dereverberation to the target speaker position. This scheme corrects speech power variation as a function of position in the waveform level. Consequently, its impact to the acoustic model is verified. Then, we implement a fast acoustic model update reflective of the speech power level of the target speaker position. Furthermore, the scheme in updating the model is simple and precludes time-consuming model re-estimation. As a result, the proposed method can be executed online. The synergy of these corrective measures significantly minimizes the mismatch between training and testing conditions. We test our method using real reverberant data with different locations inside the room. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the conventional methods in terms of ASR performance. Moreover, our fast acoustic model update scheme is at par in terms of recognition performance against time-consuming model re-estimation.
Electro-acupuncture for irritable bowel syndrome patients: study protocol for a single-blinded randomized sham-controlled clinical trial (2021)

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04387383 . Registered on 13 May 2020.
Label free multiphoton imaging of human pulmonary tissues through two-meter-long microstructured fiber and multicore image-guide (2013)

This work deals with label free multiphoton imaging of the human lung tissue extra-cellular matrix (ECM) through optical fibers. Two devices were developed, the first one using distal scanning associated to a double clad large mode area (LMA) air-silica microstructured fiber, the second one using proximal scanning of a miniature multicore image guide (30000 cores inside a 0.8 mm diameter). In both cases, the main issue has been efficient linear and nonlinear distortion pre-compensation of excitation pulses. By inserting before the delivery fiber a compact (10 cm &times; 10 cm footprint) grisms-based stretcher (a grating in close contact with a prism) made of readily available commercial components, we achieved as short as 35-femtosecond-duration pulses that were temporally compressed at the direct exit of a 2-meter-long fiber. Interestingly, this femtosecond pulse fiber delivery device is also wavelength tunable over more than 100 nm inside the Ti: Sapphire emission band. With the help of distal scan system, those unique features allowed us to record elastin (through two-photon fluorescence) and collagen (through second harmonic generation) fibered network images. These images were obtained ex-vivo with only 15 mW @ 80 MHz of IR radiation delivered to the alveoli or bronchus tissues. 3D imaging with 400-&mu;m-penetration depth inside the tissue was possible working with a 2-meter-long LMA fiber. With the help of proximal scanning, the miniature image guide allowed us to perform endoscopic real time microimaging of the ECM ex vivo.
Control of the ionization state of three single donor atoms in silicon (2014)

By varying the front-gate and the substrate voltages in a short silicon-on-insulator trigate field-effect transistor, we control the ionization state of three arsenic donors. We obtain good quantitative agreement between three-dimensional electrostatic simulations and experiment for the control voltages at which the ionization takes place. It allows us to observe the three doubly occupied states As${}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ at strong electric field in the presence of nearby source-drain electrodes.
Smart‐Bogie: Semi‐Active Lateral Control of Railway Vehicles (2012)

Abstract The topic of this paper is the design and analysis of a control system for the lateral movement of the carbody in a train. The control system is implemented via semi‐active electro‐hydraulic dampers located on the secondary‐suspension that links the bogie to the structure of the carbody of the train. The entire design procedure is outlined: the semi‐active damper is accurately modeled; using the actuator model, the control strategies are implemented and tuned on a vehicle simulator; the best control strategies then are implemented and tested on a realistic laboratory test‐bench, which accurately reproduces the lateral dynamics of a train. A wide range of semi‐active control strategies is tested. Among them, the best performing and most efficient is a recently‐proposed strategy which requires only a single sensor located cabin‐side.
Altered Regulation of mRNA and miRNA Expression in Epithelial and Stromal Tissue of Keratoconus Corneas (2022)

This study demonstrates significant differences in the expression and regulation of mRNAs and miRNAs in the epithelium and stroma of Patients with KC. Also, in addition to the well-known target candidates, we were able to identify further genes and miRNAs that may be associated with keratoconus. Signaling pathways influencing metabolic changes and cell contacts are affected in epithelial and stromal cells of patients with keratoconus.
Spatial lateral interactions operate over shorter distances for second-order compared to first-order mechanisms (2010)

We compared the spatial extent of lateral masking for first- versus second-order images and investigated spatial interactions between these two types of images. To do so we measured the apparent contrast of a target Gabor at fixation, in the presence versus the absence of horizontally flanking Gabors. The Gabors' grating was vertical, had a peak spatial frequency of 3 cpd, and was either added to (first-order) or multiplied with (second-order) binary 2-D noise. Apparent “contrast” (i.e., the perceived difference between the high and low luminance regions of the first-order stimulus, or between the high and low contrast regions of the second-order stimulus) was measured with a contrast-matching paradigm. Using a temporal 2 AFC and the method of constant stimuli, subjects indicated in which interval the central Gabor had the higher “contrast”. For each subject, the first- and second-order Gabors were equated for apparent contrast without the flankers. Two of the authors and two naive observers participated in this study. When first-order flankers abutted a first-order target the apparent contrast of the target was reduced by 29%, and remained reduced up to an element separation of 6 wavelengths. When second-order flankers abutted a second-order target the apparent contrast of the target was reduced by 23%, and remained reduced up to an element separation of 3 wavelengths. The spatial frequency and orientation tuning of the suppression effect was broader for second- than first-order stimuli. Second-order flankers did not reduce the apparent contrast of the first-order target; however, in three subjects, first-order flankers reduced the apparent contrast of the second-order target. This effect was tuned for spatial frequency. Therefore, we find that lateral interactions operate over shorter distances for second- than for first-order information, and that these two types of information interact in an asymmetrical fashion.
Photovoltaic cells with a graded active region achieved using stamp transfer printing (2023)

Disclosed herein are processes for fabricating organic photosensitive optoelectronic devices with a vertical compositionally graded organic active layer. The processes use either a single-stamp or double-stamp printing technique to transfer the vertical compositionally graded organic active layer from a starting substrate to a device layer.
Plant Transformation by Particle Bombardment (2018)

This chapter summarizes the advances in plant biology that have been made possible by particle bombardment. Particle bombardment will be helpful in several areas relating to plant pathology. Viral genomes can be introduced into plant cells by bombardment. It will be possible to transfer genes that confer resistance to viruses, insects, and herbicides into crops such as corn that have previously been difficult or impossible to transform. The genetic transformation of both indica and japonica rice cultivars has been achieved by DNA transfer to protoplasts. The ability to deliver DNA into intact tissues and then monitor its expression shortly after delivery has been applied as a tool in the study of gene regulation in plants. The concept of DNA transfer by particle bombardment centers upon the acceleration of DNA-bearing particles (also called microprojectiles or microcarriers) to velocities that permit their penetration and entry into intact cells.
Suppl Fig 3 from Intrathecal Viral Vector Delivery of Trastuzumab Prevents or Inhibits Tumor Growth of Human HER2-Positive Xenografts in Mice (2023)

&lt;p&gt;IT AAV9.trastuzumab tumor treatment&lt;/p&gt;
Misleading effects of impurities derived from the extremely long-lived electron-transfer state of 9-mesityl-10-methylacridinium ion (2005)

9-Mesityl-10-methylacridinium ion has an extremely long-lived electron-transfer state, which results in the misleading effects of electron donor impurities contained in benzonitrile to produce the stable acridinyl radical.
A Large-Surface-Area Boracite-Network-Topology Porous MOF Constructed from a Conjugated Ligand Exhibiting a High Hydrogen Uptake Capacity (2009)

A new porous metal-organic framework, PCN-20 with a twisted boracite net topology, was constructed based on a highly conjugated planar tricarboxylate ligand; PCN-20 possesses a large Langmuir surface area of over 4200 m(2)/g as well as demonstrates a high hydrogen uptake capacity of 6.2 wt % at 77 K and 50 bar.
The Maize Floury1 Gene Encodes a Novel Endoplasmic Reticulum Protein Involved in Zein Protein Body Formation (2007)

The maize (Zea mays) floury1 (fl1) mutant was first reported almost 100 years ago, but its molecular identity has remained unknown. We report the cloning of Fl1, which encodes a novel zein protein body membrane protein with three predicted transmembrane domains and a C-terminal plant-specific domain of unknown function (DUF593). In wild-type endosperm, the FL1 protein accumulates at a high level during the period of zein synthesis and protein body development and declines to a low level at kernel maturity. Immunogold labeling showed that FL1 resides in the endoplasmic reticulum surrounding the protein body. Zein protein bodies in fl1 mutants are of normal size, shape, and abundance. However, mutant protein bodies ectopically accumulate 22-kD alpha-zeins in the gamma-zein-rich periphery and center of the core, rather than their normal discrete location in a ring at outer edge of the core. The 19-kD alpha-zein is uniformly distributed throughout the core in wild-type protein bodies, and this distribution is unaffected in fl1 mutants. Pairwise yeast two-hybrid experiments showed that FL1 DUF593 interacts with the 22-kD alpha-zein. Results of these studies suggest that FL1 participates in protein body formation by facilitating the localization of 22-kD alpha-zein and that this is essential for the formation of vitreous endosperm.
The spectra count label-free quantitation in cancer proteomics. (2012)

Mass spectrometry is used routinely for large-scale protein identification from complex biological mixtures. Recently, relative quantitation approach on the basis of spectra count has been applied in several cancer proteomic studies. In this review, we examine the mechanism of this technique and highlight several important parameters associated with its application.
Quasi-Static State Analysis of Differential, Difference, Integral, and Gradient Systems (2010)

This book is based on a course on advanced topics in differential equations given in Spring 2010 at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences. It describes aspects of mathematical modeling, analysis, computer simulation, and visualization in the mathematical sciences and engineering that involve singular perturbations. There is a large literature devoted to singular perturbation methods for ordinary and partial differential equations, but there are not many studies that deal with difference equations, Volterra integral equations, and purely nonlinear gradient systems where there is no dominant linear part. Designed for a one-semester course for students in applied mathematics, it is the purpose of this book to present sufficient rigorous methods and examples to position the reader to investigate singular perturbation problems in such equations. Titles in this series are co-published with the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences at New York University.|This book is based on a course on advanced topics in differential equations given in Spring 2010 at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences. It describes aspects of mathematical modeling, analysis, computer simulation, and visualization in the mathematical sciences and engineering that involve singular perturbations. There is a large literature devoted to singular perturbation methods for ordinary and partial differential equations, but there are not many studies that deal with difference equations, Volterra integral equations, and purely nonlinear gradient systems where there is no dominant linear part. Designed for a one-semester course for students in applied mathematics, it is the purpose of this book to present sufficient rigorous methods and examples to position the reader to investigate singular perturbation problems in such equations. Titles in this series are co-published with the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences at New York University.
Gene expression profiles of oral soft tissue‐derived fibroblast from healing wounds: correlation with clinical outcome, autophagy activation and fibrotic markers expression (2021)

We identified some genes involved in periodontal soft tissue clinical outcome, providing novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of oral repair (ClinicalTrial.gov-NCT04202822).
2.5 GHz microwave thermal ablation for performing thermosensitive polymer-chemotherapy for cancer (2010)

Microwave Ablation (MWA) is a promising technology for treating hepatic tumors. Combined macromolecular thermo-targeted chemotherapy and MWA are expected to provide better tumor control than either method independently. The MWA will heat and destroy the tumor core. It will also produces a hyperthermic zone for further destruction at the tumor margin by focal, locoregional accumulation of thermo-sensitive biosynthetic and bio-organic polymergelanamycin (GA) conjugate to kill surviving cancer cells. This will produce a significant reduction in tumor recurrence and increased cancer eradication as evaluated by survival endpoints. The minimum temperature requirement at the tumor periphery for the polymer-GA to destroy the tumor cell is 43°. Microwave coaxial-cable interstitial antennas have been developed in the past for hyperthermia. Current technology limits a single ablated region to approximately 3 cm. Several types of coaxial-based antennas, including the coaxial slot antenna, coaxial dipole antenna, coaxial monopole antenna, coaxial cap-choke antennas, and others have been designed for MWA or microwave hyperthermia therapies in an attempt to prevent this backward heating while creating as large an ablation radius as possible. The cap-choke antenna seems to most efficiently prevent backward heating. This paper describes the design of a microwave ablation device that can provide the required temperature distribution on the surface of the tumor. It also uses beamforming for multi-antenna ablation to more uniform and controlled heating.
Analytical model for the magnetic field and force in a magnetophoretic microsystem (2006)

A model is presented for predicting the magnetic field, and the magnetic and fluidic forces on micro/nano-particles in a magnetophoretic microsystem. The microsystem consists of a linear array of soft-magnetic elements embedded beneath a microfluidic channel. The magnetic elements are magnetized using an external bias field, and produce a nonuniform field distribution that permeates the microchannel. This gives rise to a magnetic force on particles as they flow through the microsystem. Analytical expressions are derived for the field distribution within the microchannel, and the magnetic force on the particles. A linear magnetization model is used to predict the magnetic response of the particles, and the magnetic field and force expressions are verified using finite element analysis. The particles also experience a fluidic force, which is predicted using Stokes' law for the drag on a sphere in laminar flow. The model presented here includes magnetic and fluidic analysis, and enables rapid predictions of the field and force throughout the microsystem as a function of key variables including the particle size and properties, the properties and spacing of the magnetic elements, the bias field source, the dimensions of the microchannel, the fluid properties, and the flow rate. The model is well-suited for parametric analysis, and is demonstrated via practical calculations.
Synthesis, structure and spectroscopy of new thiopyrone and hydroxypyridinethione transition-metal complexes (2005)

The coordination chemistry of several O,S mixed donor ligands, namely thiopyrone and hydroxypyridinethione chelators, with a variety of middle and late first-row transition-metal ions is described. Complexes of 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-thiopyrone (thiomaltol) with cobalt(II), copper(II) and zinc(II); 3-hydroxy-1,2-dimethyl-4(1H)-pyridinethione (3,4-HOPTO) with iron(III), nickel(II), copper(II) and zinc(II); and 3-hydroxy-1-methyl-2(1H)-pyridinethione (3,2-HOPTO) with iron(III), nickel(II), copper(II) and zinc(II) have been synthesized and characterized. The structures, absorbance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and superconducting quantum interferometer device (SQUID) measurements of selected metal complexes, as well as ligand protonation constants, are reported. Most of the metal complexes show coordination geometries indicative of a strong trans influence by the O,S chelators. The data presented herein provide the most detailed study of the transition-metal coordination chemistry of both thiopyrone and hydroxypyridinethione O,S donor ligands to date, and provide the basis for the investigation of these ligands in realm of biological inorganic chemistry.