gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Response of rat intracranial 9L gliosarcoma to microbeam radiation therapy (2002)

Neuro-OncologyRadiotherapeutic doses for malignant gliomas are generally palliative because greater, supposedly curative doses would impart clinically unacceptable damage to nearby vital CNS tissues.To improve radiation treatment for human gliomas, we evaluated microbeam radiation therapy, which utilizes an array of parallel, microscopically thin (<100 µm) planar beams (microbeams) of synchrotron-generated X rays.Rats with i.c.9L gliosarcoma tumors were exposed laterally to a single microbeam, 27 µm wide and 3.8 mm high, stepwise, to produce irradiation arrays with 50, 75, or 100 µm of on-center beam spacings and 150, 250, 300, or 500 Gy of in-slice, skinentrance, single-exposure doses.The resulting array size was 9 mm wide and 10.4 mm high (using three 3.8-mm
Transport of fluorescent dextrans across the rat ileum after cutaneous thermal injury (1994)

These results suggest that a transcellular pathway for the translocation of small macromolecules from the lumen to the mesentery can be activated after burn injury. The novel techniques described here will be useful to examine intestinal transport in various pathologic situations.
An optical leaky wave antenna with Si perturbations inside a resonator for enhanced optical control of the radiation (2012)

We investigate the directive radiation at 1550 nm from an optical leaky wave antenna (OLWA) with semiconductor perturbations made of silicon (Si). We study the radiation pattern dependence on the physical dimensions, number of perturbations and carrier densities in these semiconductor perturbations through optical excitations at a visible wavelength, 625 nm. In this detailed theoretical study we show the correlation between the pump power absorbed in the perturbations, the signal guided in the waveguide and the radiation through leakage. To overcome the limited control of the radiation intensity through excess carrier generation in Si, we present a new design with the OLWA integrated with a Fabry-Pérot resonator (FPR). We provide analytical and numerical studies of the enhanced radiation performance of the OLWA antenna inside the FPR, and derive closed-form formulas accounting for LW reflection at the edges of the FPR. A discussion on the constructive and destructive radiation by the direct and reflected leaky waves in the FPR resonator is provided. Results shown in this paper exhibit 3 dB variation of the radiation and pave the way for further optimization and theoretical developments.
High Voc upon KF Post-Deposition Treatment for Ultrathin Single-Stage Coevaporated Cu(In, Ga)Se2 Solar Cells (2019)

A simplified Cu(In, Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cell structure based on a 500 nm thin CIGS layer is presented. The absorber layers are grown with a single-stage coevaporation process, and various KF post-deposition treatments (KF-PDT) are performed. The KF-PDT leads to an efficiency increase from 7% to 12%. For all cells an increase in open circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor is measured, which is attributed to an improved pn junction. By changing the annealing conditions, an additional Voc increase is measured. This increase is attributed to the reduction of light-induced defects at the CIGS/CdS interface in addition to the improved pn junction. A reduction of defects is confirmed by reduced sub band gap emission in the photoluminescence spectra, an increased decay time, and increased quasi Fermi level splitting. With SCAPS the results are simulated, and it is concluded that after KF-PDT the Voc is limited to 640 mV due to recombination at the back contact. A higher Voc can then only be achieved by applying a passivation layer at the back. There are no indications that the single-stage process is limiting the efficiency, revealing the potential of the proposed simplified CIGS structure and the importance of interfaces for ultrathin CIGS solar cells.
Captain Cook's Journal during his First Voyage round the World, made in H.M. Bark Endeavour, 1768–71 (2014)

Famed for his exploration of the Pacific and Australasia, James Cook (1728–79) was also an excellent surveyor and a meticulous keeper of records. The journal entries presented here cover Cook's first voyage around the world aboard the Endeavour, during which he mapped New Zealand and claimed the eastern coastline of Australia for George III, having made landfall at Botany Bay. Cook's journal is an invaluable first-hand account containing nautical details of his voyage around the Pacific as well as geographical observations, descriptions of flora and fauna, and notes on the peoples, cultures and languages encountered. Critical of the 1773 Hawkesworth edition (also reissued in this series), the naval officer William James Lloyd Wharton (1843–1905) published this annotated transcription of Cook's journal in 1893. A number of illustrations, maps and facsimiles of some entries are spread throughout the text. The work also contains a sketch of Cook's life.
Histone demethylase JARID1B/KDM5B promotes aggressiveness of non-small cell lung cancer and serves as a good prognostic predictor (2018)

JARID1B worsens prognosis of NSCLC patients by promotion of tumor aggressiveness through multiple biological facets which were associated with activation of the c-Met signaling, and can be a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for NSCLC.
Multi‐Technology Self‐Healing (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Self-Healing Requirements for 2G, 3G and LTE The Self-Healing Process Inputs for Self-Healing Self-Healing for Multi-Layer 2G Networks Self-Healing for Multi-Layer 3G Networks Self-Healing for Multi-Layer LTE Networks2 Multi-Vendor Self-Healing References
Performance of coded multi-hop ad-hoc networks in OFDM wireless environments (2008)

Multi-hop networks help in combating fading by employing a distributed space diversity system. The performance of the system can be further enhanced by employing a good error control code such as convolutional codes, which provide low implementation complexity and short delays. In this paper we investigate the error performance of a convolutionally coded multi-hop ad-hoc network in an OFDM wireless environment with serial and selection relaying. In particular, we investigate the effect of relaying scheme, channel, bandwidth, and path loss exponent on the performance. Results show that the relaying improves the system greatly especially in the case of selection relaying and in high path loss environments.
Population pharmacokinetics of levodopa in subjects with advanced Parkinson's disease: levodopa‐carbidopa intestinal gel infusion vs. oral tablets (2014)

LCIG administration results in faster absorption, comparable levodopa bioavailability and significantly reduced intra-subject variability in levodopa concentrations relative to LC-oral administration.
RTHP-43 (LTBK-02). MULTI-TIME POINT EVALUATION OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD MYELOID-DERIVED SUPPRESSOR CELL AND LYMPHOCYTE POPULATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH NEWLY DIAGNOSED GLIOBLASTOMA RECEIVING ADJUVANT THERAPY (2019)

Abstract Alterations in peripheral blood cell populations, including myeloid cell subsets and lymphocytes, have been associated with poor prognostic outcomes in patients with glioblastoma (GBM). To date, evaluation of these populations has largely been on freeze-thawed samples at a limited number of time points. The purpose of our study is to identify the frequency and activation status of tumor-supportive myeloid and lymphocyte subsets during the course of standard adjuvant therapy in patients with GBM in fresh peripheral blood samples. We hypothesize that dysfunctional myeloid and lymphocyte populations expand during standard care temozolomide (TMZ)/radiation therapy (RT). We prospectively enrolled 16 patients with a new diagnosis of GBM that underwent maximal safe surgical resection. Twelve received standard adjuvant therapy consisting of six weeks of TMZ/RT. Four received alternative therapies: one experimental chemotherapeutic/three alternative radiation schemes. Peripheral blood was obtained seven times over the course of adjuvant therapy: prior to starting adjuvant therapy, five during treatment, and once one month after completion of therapy. Eleven patients completed all seven time points. Peripheral blood samples were analyzed by flow cytometry, focusing on immune checkpoints and critical markers of activation of systemic immunity. Available preliminary data demonstrate a median increase of 2.1% (-21.2–27.4%) in the frequency (%fx) of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) after commencement of adjuvant therapy at time point 2 (TP2), compared to baseline. To date, 7/16 patients are alive and without evidence of recurrent disease on imaging. The majority of these patients had a decrease in %fx of MDSC at TP2, after starting adjuvant therapy, compared to baseline. The %fx of CD8+ T cells was greatest at TP7 (range: 21.7%-67.0%), one month after TMZ/RT, for most patients. PD-1 and FOXP3 expression by lymphocytes was variable across time points, suggesting the importance of additional factors which will be explored through future analyses. These early findings suggest that the immune response changes throughout the course of TMZ/RT. An understanding of these changes in the peripheral blood, termed immunodynamics in the context of our studies, may be valuable future tool to aid in optimizing immunity in patients with GBM.
On Regularization of Least Square Problems via Quadratic Constraints (2007)

We consider uncertainty reduction in least square problems raised in system identification with unknown state space. We assume existence of some prior information obtained through a finite series of measurements. This data is modeled in the form of a finite collection of quadratic constraints enclosing the state space. A simple closed form expression is derived for the optimal solution featuring geometric insights and intuitions that reveal a two-fold effort in reducing uncertainty: by correcting the observation error and by improving the condition number of the data matrix. To deal with the dual problem of finding the optimal Lagrange multipliers, we introduce an approximate, positive semidefinite program that can be easily solved using the standard numerical techniques.
Challenges of ambulatory physiological sensing. (2004)

Applications for ambulatory monitoring span the spectrum from fitness optimization to cardiac defibrillation. This range of applications is associated with a corresponding range of required detection accuracies and a range of inconvenience and discomfort that wearers are willing to tolerate. This paper describes a selection of physiological sensors and how they might best be worn in the unconstrained ambulatory environment to provide the most robust measurements and the greatest comfort to the wearer. Using wireless mobile computing devices, it will be possible to record, analyze and respond to changes in the wearers' physiological signals in real time using these sensors.
Energy storage emerging: A perspective from the Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (2020)

Energy storage is an integral part of modern society. A contemporary example is the lithium (Li)-ion battery, which enabled the launch of the personal electronics revolution in 1991 and the first commercial electric vehicles in 2010. Most recently, Li-ion batteries have expanded into the electricity grid to firm variable renewable generation, increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of transmission and distribution. Important applications continue to emerge including decarbonization of heavy-duty vehicles, rail, maritime shipping, and aviation and the growth of renewable electricity and storage on the grid. This perspective compares energy storage needs and priorities in 2010 with those now and those emerging over the next few decades. The diversity of demands for energy storage requires a diversity of purpose-built batteries designed to meet disparate applications. Advances in the frontier of battery research to achieve transformative performance spanning energy and power density, capacity, charge/discharge times, cost, lifetime, and safety are highlighted, along with strategic research refinements made by the Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR) and the broader community to accommodate the changing storage needs and priorities. Innovative experimental tools with higher spatial and temporal resolution, in situ and operando characterization, first-principles simulation, high throughput computation, machine learning, and artificial intelligence work collectively to reveal the origins of the electrochemical phenomena that enable new means of energy storage. This knowledge allows a constructionist approach to materials, chemistries, and architectures, where each atom or molecule plays a prescribed role in realizing batteries with unique performance profiles suitable for emergent demands.
A Gene Map of the Human Genome (1996)

The human genome is thought to harbor 50,000 to 100,000 genes, of which about half have been sampled to date in the form of expressed sequence tags. An international consortium was organized to develop and map gene-based sequence tagged site markers on a set of two radiation hybrid panels and a yeast artificial chromosome library. More than 16,000 human genes have been mapped relative to a framework map that contains about 1000 polymorphic genetic markers. The gene map unifies the existing genetic and physical maps with the nucleotide and protein sequence databases in a fashion that should speed the discovery of genes underlying inherited human disease. The integrated resource is available through a site on the World Wide Web at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/SCIENCE96/ .
Development of Heterobivalent Theranostic Probes Having High Affinity/Selectivity for the GRPR/PSMA (2021)

In this study, we describe the development of heterobivalent [DUPA-6-Ahx-([<sup>111</sup>In]In-DO3A)-8-Aoc-BBN ANT] and [DUPA-6-Ahx-([<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-DO3A)-8-Aoc-BBN ANT] radiotracers that display very high selectivity/specificity for gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR)-/prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-expressing cells. These studies include metallation, purification, characterization, and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of the new small-molecule-/peptide-based radiopharmaceuticals having utility for imaging and potentially therapy. Competitive displacement binding assays using PC-3 cells and LNCaP cell membranes showed high binding affinity for the GRPR or the PSMA. Biodistribution studies showed favorable excretion pharmacokinetics with high tumor uptake in PC-3 or PC-3 prostatic inhibin peptide (PIP) tumor-bearing mice. For example, tumor accumulation at the 1 h time point ranged from (4.74 ± 0.90) to (7.51 ± 2.61)%ID/g. Micro-single-photon emission computed tomography (microSPECT) molecular imaging investigations showed very high uptake in tumors with minimal accumulation of tracers in the surrounding collateral tissues in xenografted mice at 4 h postintravenous injection. In conclusion, [DUPA-6-Ahx-([<sup>111</sup>In]In-DO3A)-8-Aoc-BBN ANT] and [DUPA-6-Ahx-([<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-DO3A)-8-Aoc-BBN ANT] tracers displayed favorable pharmacokinetic and excretion profiles with high uptake and retention in tumors.
Oxidative stability and storage behavior of fatty acid methyl esters derived from used palm oil (2006)

Abstract Fatty acid alkyl esters, especially FAME, are the most commonly used liquid biofuel. Because biofuels are expected to be important alternative renewable energy sources in the near future, more studies on their stability against oxidation need to be addressed. Biofuel derived from vegetable oils is well researched, currently with more attention focused on the reuse of waste oil sources than on pure vegetable oil for such production. A method to convert used palm oil, i.e., used frying oil, and residual oil of spent bleaching earths (SPE) to their respective methyl esters has been established by the Malaysian Palm Oil Board. These methyl esters can be used as diesel substitute. However, the methyl esters obtained from used frying oil have a low induction period (3.42 h). In Europe, any methyl esters must have an induction period of at least 6 h in Rancimat stability to be usable as biodiesel, as required by European Biodiesel Standard (EN 14214). To meet this requirement, the used frying oil methyl esters (UFOME) obtained can be treated with different types of antioxidants, either synthetic or natural, at different treatment levels, such as vitamin E, 3‐ ert ‐butyl‐4‐hydroxyanisole (BHA), 2,6‐di‐ tert ‐butyl‐4‐methyl‐phenol (BHT), 2,5‐di‐ tert ‐butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ), and n ‐propyl gallate (PG), to investigate their oxidative stability and storage behavior. The order of increasing antioxidant effectiveness with respect to the oxidative stability of UFOME is: vitamin E&lt;BHT&lt;TBHQ&lt;BHA&lt;PG. Because methyl esters derived from residual oil of SBE have an induction period of 14.6 h, their treatment with antioxidants is unnecessary.
Supplementary Data from Tumor Lymphatic Function Regulates Tumor Inflammatory and Immunosuppressive Microenvironments (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 and S7&lt;/p&gt;
Plasmon resonance sensors for compact plasmonic integrated device (Conference Presentation) (2017)

Surface plasmon polariton (SPP) provide the field enhancement and localization beyond the diffraction limit of light. By using SPP, we have numerically designed tiny resonance sensors as plasmonic integrated devices with silver or gold as metal material for near infrared region of light. We will present our recent work for the sensors. The sensors are the combination of the plasmon resonator and MIM channel plasmon waveguide with the gap of ~150 nm and the hight of ~1.5 micron. The typical area size of sensor is order of 1 square micrometers and their sensitivity for temperature or stress change is comparable to current optical sensors. We have fabricated some fundamental structure of the device by using the electron beam lithography and will show experimental optical characteristics for IR region.
Metal Nanowire Formation by Solid-Electrochemical Reaction and Its Device Application (2009)

Metal nanowire formation and annihilation are controlled using a solid electrochemical reaction simply by applying a bias voltage to an ionic conductor, such as Ag2S and Cu2S. This controlled formation and annihilation of a metal nanowire can be achieved both on the surface of the ionic conductor and inside of the ionic conductor, by placing a counter electrode with a gap and without a gap between the ionic conductor, respectively. A new type of a nanodevice called “Atomic Switch” has been developed using the controlled formation and annihilation of a nanowire. It shows novel characteristics, such as easy operation, simple structure, low power consumption. Recent development of an atomic switch using a metal oxide enables to integrate it with CMOS devices.
Physician Assistant Learning Through Interactive Video (Project L.I.V.E.) (2001)

The future of medical education may depend on our ability to create a curriculum for adult learners that integrates competencies in the use of technology, evidence based medicine, and communication skills. This paper describes an innovative teaching strategy designed not only to teach traditional clinical medicine knowledge and skills, but also to enhance student use of the computer for communication, life-long learning, and clinical problem solving. A unique curriculum combined curricular-supported video cases with problem-based learning (PBL) and collaborative conferencing to create a flexible Web-based environment for active learning. Computer-mediated PBL groups enhance self-directed learning and student mastery of contextual knowledge, problem solving, and informatics skills, thereby expanding mechanisms for on-line collaboration, communication, support, and assessment.
Assessing user preferences in programming language design (2017)

The design of new programming languages has primarily been guided by the preferences of a few (the authors of the language), rather than systematic study of the various options available. This is in part due to the fact that user studies to effectively test usability or understandability hypotheses are cumbersome and expensive. An interesting question is whether crowdsourcing techniques can be leveraged to improve this situation.
Arthroscopy of the normal cadaveric ovine femorotibial joint: a systematic approach to the cranial and caudal compartments (2014)

The arthroscopic approach developed in this research is ideal to evaluate the ovine stifle joint.
Scalable syntheses of traceable ribosylated NAD+ precursors (2019)

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD<sup>+</sup>, is an essential cofactor and substrate for many cellular enzymes. Its sustained intracellular levels have been linked to improved physiological end points in a range of metabolic diseases. Biosynthetic precursors to NAD<sup>+</sup> include nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, the ribosylated parents and the phosphorylated form of the ribosylated parents. By combining solvent-assisted mechanochemistry and sealed reaction conditions, access to the ribosylated NAD<sup>+</sup> precursors and to the isotopologues of NAD<sup>+</sup> precursors was achieved in high yields and levels of purity. The latter is critical as it offers means to better trace biosynthetic pathways to NAD<sup>+</sup>, investigate the multifaceted roles of the intracellular NAD<sup>+</sup> pools, and better exploit NAD<sup>+</sup> biology.
Anterior fracture-dislocation of the glenoid (2023)

Fractures of the scapula represent less than 1% of all skeletal fractures. This case report describes an unusual case of fracture of the scapula with complete anterior dislocation of the glenoid and pillar of the scapula occurring in the right (dominant) shoulder of a 24-year-old male after a high-energy trauma (motorcycle accident). This fracture is very rare and did not fit in any known classifications (Ideberg, Euler and Rüedi, AO/OTA). The fracture was treated with open reduction and internal fixation through a double approach (deltopectoral and superior). A posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) guide was used to maintain the reduction and insert first a K-wire and then a cannulated screw. We discuss here the mechanism of injury, fracture pattern and the appropriate surgical approach and management in case of such an exceptional anterior fracture-dislocation of the glenoid.
Mechanisims of asthma and allergic disease – 1094. Pre-clinical characterization of RP3133, a novel and potent CRAC channel inhibitor for the treatment of respiratory disorders (2013)

This article was originally published online on 23 April 2013