gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Melanoma inhibitor of apoptosis protein (ML-IAP) is a target for immune-mediated tumor destruction (2003)

The identification of antigens associated with tumor destruction is a major goal of cancer immunology. Vaccination with irradiated tumor cells engineered to secrete granulocyte–macrophage colony stimulating factor generates potent, specific, and long-lasting antitumor immunity through improved tumor antigen presentation by dendritic cells and macrophages. A phase I clinical trial of this immunization strategy in patients with disseminated melanoma revealed the consistent induction in distant metastases of dense T and B cell infiltrates that effectuated substantial tumor necrosis and fibrosis. To delineate the target antigens of this vaccine-stimulated tumor destruction, we screened a melanoma cDNA expression library with postimmunization sera from a long-term responding patient (K030). High-titer IgG antibodies recognized melanoma inhibitor of apoptosis protein (ML-IAP), a caspase antagonist containing a single baculoviral IAP repeat and a COOH-terminal RING domain. Although K030 harbored antibodies to ML-IAP at the time of study entry, multiple courses of vaccination over 4 years increased antibody titers and elicited isotype switching. Moreover, lymphocyte infiltrates in necrotic metastases included CD4 + and CD8 + T cells specific for ML-IAP, as revealed by proliferation, tetramer, enzyme-linked immunospot, and cytotoxicity analysis. Whereas melanoma cells in densely infiltrated lesions showed strong ML-IAP expression by immunohistochemistry, lethal disease progression was associated with the loss of ML-IAP staining and the absence of lymphocyte infiltrates. These findings demonstrate that ML-IAP can serve as a target for immune-mediated tumor destruction, but that antigen-loss variants can accomplish immune escape.
Heating of tungsten target by intense pulse electron beam (2016)

A test facility for experimental simulation of transient heat loads in ITER divertor with the use of high power electron beam is developed at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics. This report presents an experimental study of the absorption of the electron beam with an incident heat power flux of 10-50 GW/m2 on the area of about 2 cm2 of a tungsten target. The electron beam has duration of 0.1-0.3 ms and electron energy of 80-95 keV, Diagnostics for measuring of the beam parameters on the target are briefly discussed. Results of measurement of the beam profile and calorimetry of beam energy deposited in tungsten sample at ELM-like heat load are presented.
Electron Transfer Reactions of Glucose Oxidase at Au(111) Electrodes Modified with Phenothiazine Derivatives (2005)

The catalytic reaction of glucose oxidase (GOx) mediated by 3-(10-phenothiazyl)propionic acid (PT-PA) and phenothiazine-labeled poly(ethylene oxide) (PT-PEO1000) that are covalently bonded to Au(111) electrodes has been investigated. The PT-PA and PT-PEO1000 are reacted with 2-aminoethanethiol (AET), followed by the formation of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) onto the Au surface. The PT group immobilized on the SAM of AET acts as an effective mediator for the electron transfer (ET) between the electrode and the FAD center of freely diffusing GOx in solution. The ET rate constant estimated from the catalytic current using a newly derived equation is larger by 1 order of magnitude for the PT-PA-modified system (1.1 x 10(5) dm(3) mol(-1) s(-1)) than for the PT-PEO1000 system (1.4 x 10(4) dm(3) mol(-1) s(-1)). The order of the magnitude of the ET rate constant clearly contrasts with the GOx hybrid systems that we previously investigated (Anal. Chem. 2003, 75, 910-917), in which the presence of the PEO spacer enhances the ET reaction rate. The reduction in the apparent PT concentration at the electrode interface due to the high mobility of the PEO chain, leading to low efficiency in the formation of an enzyme-mediator complex, is a possible reason for the lower mediation ability of PT-PEO1000 than that of PT-PA for the ET between the FAD group and PT(+) immobilized on the electrode. Inhibition of the penetration of GOx molecules into the monolayer and of the accessibility of some part of PT groups to GOx molecules could also be reasons for the lower mediation ability of PT-PEO1000 thickly modified on the electrode.
Simultaneous determination of salicylic acid and phenol in antipruritic tincture by RP-HPLC (2001)

A gradient elution RP HPLC method was developed for the simultaneous determination of salicylic acid and phenol in antipruritic tincture.The average recoveries of salicvlic acid and phenol were 100 32%(RSD 1 03%) and 99 37%(RSD 1 06%)respectively. The result showed that this method was simple, quick and suitable for analysis of antipruritic tincture in case work.
A Versatile Protocol for the Synthesis of Oxazole and 3‐Nitro/3‐Carbethoxy Pyrrole C‐Nucleosides Using TOSMIC. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Eine schnelle, einfache Methode zur Reinigung von γ-Globulinen aus menschlichen Seren durch thiophile Adsorptionschromatographie. Rapid and Reliable One-Step Purification of γ-Globulines by Thiophilic Adsorption Chromatography (1992)

Article Eine schnelle, einfache Methode zur Reinigung von γ-Globulinen aus menschlichen Seren durch thiophile Adsorptionschromatographie. Rapid and Reliable One-Step Purification of γ-Globulines by Thiophilic Adsorption Chromatography was published on January 1, 1992 in the journal Journal of Laboratory Medicine (volume 16, issue 11).
Cutting Edge: Distinct B Cell Repertoires Characterize Patients with Mild and Severe COVID-19 (2021)

Protective immunity against COVID-19 likely depends on the production of SARS-CoV-2-specific plasma cells and memory B cells postinfection or postvaccination. Previous work has found that germinal center reactions are disrupted in severe COVID-19. This may adversely affect long-term immunity against reinfection. Consistent with an extrafollicular B cell response, patients with severe COVID-19 have elevated frequencies of clonally expanded, class-switched, unmutated plasmablasts. However, it is unclear whether B cell populations in individuals with mild COVID-19 are similarly skewed. In this study, we use single-cell RNA sequencing of B cells to show that in contrast to patients with severe COVID-19, subjects with mildly symptomatic COVID-19 have B cell repertoires enriched for clonally diverse, somatically hypermutated memory B cells ∼30 d after the onset of symptoms. This provides evidence that B cell responses are less disrupted in mild COVID-19 and result in the production of memory B cells.
POROUS COATED MOTION (PCM™) TOTAL CERVICAL DISC REPLACEMENT 27 MONTHS FOLLOW-UP, CLINICAL AND RADIOLOGICAL RESULTS (2005)

Introduction The PCM cervical disc arthroplasty is an un-constrained system that stabilises the cervical spine after a discectomy and preserves the normal motion of the spine. The indications for cervical arthroplasty are the same as for anterior cervical decompression-radiculopathy or myelopathy caused by anterior cervical cord compression. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical and radiological results after total anterior cervical disc replacement with PCM prosthesis. Methods This is a prospective radiological and clinical study of patients who had undergone PCM total disc replacement with 27 months follow-up. Pain visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were measured pre-operatively and at three monthly intervals out to 27 months post-operatively. Radiological images were also collected. All pain symptoms and the new neurological findings were noted. Results Between December 2002 and February 2005 one hundred and fifteen patients underwent a total of 193 PCM arthroplasty to C3-C4 to C7-T1. Long-term clinical data on the PCM device are reported. The neural decompression was a standard Smith-Robinson followed by a cervical arthroplasty. Eighteen PCM cases had been performed as complex revision procedures. Mean intra-operative blood loss was 113cc. Mean length of surgery was 80.7 minutes and the length of hospital stay ranged from out-patient to 3 days with 82% of patients discharged in less than 24 hours. Oswestry, VAS and Odom outcome showed significant improvements. Discussion The PCM cervical arthroplasty appeared to be less invasive than alternative instrumented fusion procedures. The procedure allowed reconstruction of more unstable conditions than previously reported with disc replacement. Careful and appropriate patient selection is essential. Only after long-term follow-up will these early favorable results confirmed.
Trilacunary A-β-Keggin tungstogermanates and -silicates functionalized with phenyltin(iv) electrophiles (2009)

The first organic derivative of a beta-Keggin tungstogermanate, the monomeric Keggin anion [{(C(6)H(5))Sn(OH)}(3)(A-beta-GeW(9)O(34))](4-) (1), was the only species isolated from the reaction of (C(6)H(5))SnCl(3) with Na(10)[A-beta-GeW(9)O(34)] in water, whereas the Si-analogue [{(C(6)H(5))Sn(OH)}(3)(A-beta-SiW(9)O(34))](4-) (2) and two dimeric tungstosilicates, the unprecedented species [{(C(6)H(5))Sn(A-beta-H(3)SiW(9)Sn(2)O(37))}(2)O(2)](8-) (3) and the known sandwich-type polyanion [{(C(6)H(5))Sn(OH)}(3)(A-beta-H(3)SiW(9)O(34))(2)](8-) (4), were isolated starting from [A-beta-SiW(9)O(34)](10-). The novel polyanion 3 can be described as the product of a double Sn-C hydrolysis followed by condensation of two subunits of 2 through double Sn-O-Sn bridge formation. Solid-state characterization has been carried out by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry and single-crystal X-ray diffraction, representing the first structural analysis for 4. A full solution multinuclear NMR ((1)H, (13)C, (117)Sn, and (183)W) and solid-state (117)Sn CP-MAS NMR study enabled full characterization of 1. A weak 1-dimensional polyanion association through (Sn)O-HO(t) hydrogen contacts involving one of the protonated bridging O atoms of the (C(6)H(5))(3)Sn(3)O(12) corner-shared triad is observed for 1 by X-ray diffraction, resulting in a local C(s) pseudosymmetry for the Sn centers detected by solid-state (117)Sn NMR spectroscopy.
Li-Ion Pouch Cells for Vehicle Applications — Studies of Water Transmission and Packing Materials (2013)

This study includes analysis of encapsulation materials from lithium-ion pouch cells and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) measurements. WVTR measurements are performed on both fresh and environmentally stressed lithium-ion pouch cells. Capacity measurements are performed on both the fresh and the environmentally stressed battery cells to identify possible influences on electrochemical performance. Preparation of the battery cells prior to WVTR measurements includes opening of battery cells and extraction of electrode material, followed by resealing the encapsulations and adhesively mounting of gas couplings. A model describing the water diffusion through the thermal welds of the encapsulation are set up based on material analysis of the encapsulation material. Two WVTR equipments with different type of detectors are evaluated in this study. The results from the WVTR measurements show how important it is to perform this type of studies in dry environment and apply a rigorous precondition sequence before testing. Results from modelling confirm that the WVTR method has potential to be used for measurements of water diffusion into lithium-ion pouch cells. Consequently, WVTR measurements should be possible to use as a complement or alternative method to for example Karl Fisher titration.
Multi-pillar SOT-MRAM for Accurate Analog in-Memory DNN Inference (2021)

Deep neural network (DNN) inference can be performed efficiently with analog in memory computing (AiMC). MRAM is an attractive solution to implement the DNN weights due to its non-volatility and scalability. However, accurate inference requires memories with multi-level conductance values. while MRAM is binary. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a multi-level SOT-MRAM device concept by placing multiple MTJ pillars between a single SOT track and common top electrode. Selective level programming is achieved by smartly using a pillar-position dependent VCMA-assist effect. Three DNN algorithm-driven technology requirements are derived: number of conductance levels, bit-error rate and conductance variation. This work demonstrates that multi-pillar SOT-MRAM meets all derived specifications, making it a promising candidate as memory device for accurate analog in-memory DNN inference.
Nanosecond electric modification of order parameter in nematic and isotropic phases of materials with negative and positive dielectric anisotropy (2015)

We demonstrate nanosecond electro-optic switching in the nematic and isotropic phases of two nematic materials, one with a negative dielectric anisotropy (HNG715600-100) and another with a positive dielectric anisotropy (8CB). In both cases, the effect is caused by the nanosecond electric modification of the order parameter (NEMOP). In NEMOP effect, the electric field is applied in such a way that the director alignment is not distorted. The NEMOP effects in the nematic phases are compared to the Kerr effects of the isotropic phases of the same two materials. Although the amplitudes of NEMOP and Kerr effects are comparable, we observe differences in temperature dependencies. We also observe that the field-induced Kerr birefringence in the isotropic phases does not follow the expected quadratic dependence on the applied field. Namely, it grows slower in the dielectrically negative material and faster in the dielectrically positive material.
Physical mixing of metal acetates: optimisation of catalyst parameters to produce highly active bimetallic catalysts (2013)

We have investigated the optimisation of the catalytic parameters for the preparation of catalysts by the simple mixing and thermal treatment of a support and metal acetate precursors. We have studied the effect of metal ratio and metal loading to produce a catalyst which has the optimum activity for a variety of reactions including benzyl alcohol oxidation, glycerol oxidation and the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide. We have demonstrated the high activity of these catalyst's for a variety of substrates and performed XPS and XRD studies on the catalysts to help elucidate the origin of the catalysts improved activity.
Palladium nanoparticles encapsulated in magnetically separable polymeric nanoreactors (2014)

We report the preparation of magnetically separable catalytic polymeric nanoreactors by simultaneous encapsulation of palladium and magnetite nanoparticles within polyurea nanocapsules. The new catalytic material is applied in aqueous hydrogenation reactions.
Optical Bistability with Small Numbers of Atoms (1987)

The master equation for optical bistability in the bad cavity limit is solved directly when the number of atoms is small. A necessary condition for bistability is given. In contrast to the semi-classical analysis, there is no sense in which there is bistability for 4 atoms; rather the order of 12 atoms is needed.
European Association of Fish Pathologists (2020)

Aquaculture is currently a rapidly growing branch of animal husbandry around the world. Its further development is expected due to the upcoming challenges related to climate changes. That is why an increased demand for specialists in this field, including veterinarians, is expected. The European Association of Fish Pathologists is an organization for veterinarians-ichthyopathologists from around the world founded over 40 years ago.
REnal Flow and Microstructure AnisotroPy (REFMAP) MRI in Normal and Peritumoral Renal Tissue (2018)

2 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018.
A 3.3V operation single HBT power amplifier MMIC for 2.4GHz/5GHz dual-band WLAN applications (2005)

A 3.3 V operation single InGaP/GaAs HBT power amplifier MMIC (monolithic microwave integrated circuit) was developed for 2.4 GHz/5 GHz dual-band WLAN (wireless local area network) applications. The fabricated MMIC was as small as 1070 /spl times/ 1000 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ including input matching circuit, interstage matching circuit, and bias circuit with band selection function. The highly linear and efficient amplifier exhibits a P1dB (1dB gain compression output power) of 27 (27.2/27) dBm with a PAE (power added efficiency) of 42 (31.2/31) % at 2.45 (5.2/5.3) GHz. The linear output power for the EVM (error vector magnitude) of 5% using a 54 Mbit/s 64 QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation) OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) signal was 22 (21.2/21) dBm with the PAE of 23.5 (16.5/16.5) % at 2.45 (5.2/5.3) GHz.
Reaction of Mucochloric Acid with Adenosine: Formation of 8-(N6-Adenosinyl)ethenoadenosine Derivatives (1995)

The bacterial mutagen mucochloric acid was reacted with adenosine in aqueous solutions at 37 degrees C. In the HPLC chromatograms of the reaction mixtures two peaks of unidentified products were observed at longer retention times than the previously characterized "etheno" and "ethenocarbaldehyde" adducts. Following isolation and purification with chromatographic methods, the products were characterized by UV absorbance, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, and thermospray mass spectrometry. The products were found to consist of ethenoadenosine derivatives which bonded an additional adenosine unit to C-8 in the etheno bridge. In one of the products a formyl group and in the other an oxalo group was localized at C-7 in the etheno bridge. The yield of the products was about 0.04 mol% (calculated from the original amount of adenosine) in the reaction mixture held for 4 days at pH 7.4. It was concluded that mucochloric acid acts as an oxidative agent during the course of formation of the products.
Polymer- and liposome-based nanoparticles in targeted drug delivery (2010)

This review focuses on polymer- and liposome-based nanoparticles used in targeted delivery of bioactive molecules, from drugs to siRNA to pDNA. The perspective centers around commercial and clinical successes, and a rationalization of these successes. Microparticulate systems are not covered, and only those applications that truly utilize the advantages of nano size are covered. "Stealth" systems dominate in this review, as most of the clinical successes are for passive targeting rather than for active targeting of tissue. The relevance of nano size to gene delivery is also discussed with relevant examples.
Secretome profiling identifies neuron-derived neurotrophic factor as a tumor-suppressive factor in lung cancer (2019)

Clinical and preclinical studies show tissue-specific differences in tumorigenesis. Tissue specificity is controlled by differential gene expression. We prioritized genes that encode secreted proteins according to their preferential expression in normal lungs to identify candidates associated with lung cancer. Indeed, most of the lung-enriched genes identified in our analysis have known or suspected roles in lung cancer. We focused on the gene encoding neuron-derived neurotrophic factor (NDNF), which had not yet been associated with lung cancer. We determined that NDNF was preferentially expressed in the normal adult lung and that its expression was decreased in human lung adenocarcinoma and a mouse model of this cancer. Higher expression of NDNF was associated with better clinical outcome of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Purified NDNF inhibited proliferation of lung cancer cells, whereas silencing NDNF promoted tumor cell growth in culture and in xenograft models. We determined that NDNF is downregulated through DNA hypermethylation near CpG island shores in human lung adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, the lung cancer-related DNA hypermethylation sites corresponded to the methylation sites that occurred in tissues with low NDNF expression. Thus, by analyzing the tissue-specific secretome, we identified a tumor-suppressive factor, NDNF, which is associated with patient outcomes in lung adenocarcinoma.
Data Efficient Lithography Modeling with Transfer Learning and Active Data Selection (2018)

Lithography simulation is one of the key steps in physical verification, enabled by the substantial optical and resist models. A resist model bridges the aerial image simulation to printed patterns. While the effectiveness of learning-based solutions for resist modeling has been demonstrated, they are considerably data-demanding. Meanwhile, a set of manufactured data for a specific lithography configuration is only valid for the training of one single model, indicating low data efficiency. Due to the complexity of the manufacturing process, obtaining enough data for acceptable accuracy becomes very expensive in terms of both time and cost, especially during the evolution of technology generations when the design space is intensively explored. In this work, we propose a new resist modeling framework for contact layers, utilizing existing data from old technology nodes and active selection of data in a target technology node, to reduce the amount of data required from the target lithography configuration. Our framework based on transfer learning and active learning techniques is effective within a competitive range of accuracy, i.e., 3-10X reduction on the amount of training data with comparable accuracy to the state-of-the-art learning approach.
Upregulation of IGF1R by Mutant RAS in Leukemia and Potentiation of RAS Signaling Inhibitors by Small-Molecule Inhibition of IGF1R (2014)

The finding that downstream inhibitors of RAS signaling and IGF1R inhibitors have synergistic activity warrants further clinical investigation of IGF1R and RAS signaling inhibition as a potential treatment strategy for RAS-driven malignancies.
Vaccine-Induced HIV-1 Envelope gp120 Constant Region 1-Specific Antibodies Expose a CD4-Inducible Epitope and Block the Interaction of HIV-1 gp140 with Galactosylceramide (2014)

Galactosyl ceramide, a glycosphingolipid, has been postulated to be a receptor for the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) interaction with mucosal epithelial cells. Here, we have mimicked this interaction by using an artificial membrane containing synthetic Galcer and recombinant HIV-1 Env proteins to identify antibodies that would block the HIV-1 Env-Galcer interaction. Our study revealed that a class of vaccine-induced human antibodies potently blocks HIV-1 Env-Galcer binding by perturbing the HIV-1 Env conformation.
Chip-scale electrodynamic synthetic jet actuators (2015)

We report a chip-scale electrodynamic synthetic jet actuator that integrates both a coil and a wax-bonded NdFeB permanent magnet using standard silicon micromachining processes. A copper micro-coil and a poly-dimethyl-siloxane (PDMS) diaphragm with the magnet are fabricated onto two different dies. An orifice, through which the jet is synthesized, is laser cut on the coil die. The dies are then assembled together to create a device with the dimensions 7.5 mm × 7.5 mm × 1 mm. Operating at 180 Hz and 20 mW input power, the device generates a fluidic jet with a peak velocity of 2.1 m/s.
Amplified Dispersive Optical Tomography (2008)

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has proven to be a powerful technique for studying tissue morphology in ophthalmology, cardiology, and endomicroscopy. Its performance is limited by the fundamental trade-off between the imaging sensitivity and acquisition speed -- a predicament common in virtually all imaging systems. In this paper, we circumvent this limit by using distributed Raman post-amplification of the reflection from the sample. We combine the amplification with simultaneously performed dispersive Fourier transformation, a process that maps the optical spectrum into an easily measured time-domain waveform. The Raman amplification enables measurement of weak signals which are otherwise buried in noise. It extends the depth range without sacrificing the acquisition speed or causing damage to the sample. As proof of concept, single-shot imaging with 15 dB improvement in sensitivity at an axial scan rate of 36.6 MHz is demonstrated.