gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
H19 gene overexpression in atypical multidrug-resistant cells associated with expression of a 95-kilodalton membrane glycoprotein. (1996)

The multidrug resistance phenotype of human breast carcinoma MCF-7/AdrVp cells is characterized by overexpression of a 95-kilodalton membrane glycoprotein (p95), accompanied by a marked reduction in intracellular anthracycline accumulation, without overexpression of P-glycoprotein or the multidrug resistance protein. We discovered that the mRNA of the H19 gene is overexpressed in MCF-7/AdrVp cells relative to parental MCF-7 cells or drug-sensitive MCF-7/AdrVp revertant cells. H19 is an imprinted gene with an important role in fetal differentiation, as well as a postulated function as a tumor suppressor gene. Another p95-overexpressing multidrug-resistant cell line, human lung carcinoma NCI-H1688, also displays high levels of H19 mRNA. In contrast, several multidrug-resistant cell lines that overexpress P-glycoprotein or the multidrug resistance protein do not have higher levels of H19 mRNA than their drug-sensitive counterparts. This is the first report of H19 gene overexpression accompanying any form of drug resistance. The association of H19 and p95 gene expression in drug resistance warrants further study.
Tunable Infrared Devices via Ferroelectric Domain Reconfiguration (2018)

Abstract Despite widespread use in sensing, electro‐optics, and catalysis, plasmonic elements are typically static in their spectral response. The subwavelength spatial confinement and enhanced electric fields intrinsic to plasmons provide a lever to realize dynamic spectral tunability—and thus multifunctional optical components—as small alterations in their dielectric environment are amplified by these effects. Here, electric‐field (DC) control of phonon modes is leveraged in lead zirconate titante (PZT) ferroelectric bilayers to create tunable long‐wave infrared (LWIR) plasmonic devices that demonstrate a combination of advantages—speed (&gt;10 kHz), latching, and low‐power switching (&lt;1 µJ mm −2 )—unavailable together in approaches reported heretofore. Mechanistically, bias‐induced domain reconfiguration alters the phonon energies defining PZT's optical permittivity, which determines the gap plasmon formed within the ferroelectric resting between patterned metal contacts. The utility of ferroelectrics for tunable plasmonic devices is thus demonstrated while highlighting the promise of leveraging phonons for these purposes.
Morphometric analysis of trabecular bone thickness using different algorithms (2007)

Investigations have been carried out with the goal of assessing the trabecular bone thickness of biological samples using images obtained by micro-computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. There is no conventional definition of trabecular bone thickness, and many methods may be involved in determining it. However, the results of the available algorithms or software packages differ considerably from each other. This paper determines trabecular bone thickness on the basis of several algorithms. A deep understanding of the performance of different methods is achieved by studying pseudo-three-dimensional images of both geometrical models of well-defined thickness and real bone samples with different bone densities. The models facilitate comparisons between the algorithms or software packages. Comparison of the results obtained from these commercial software packages and other state-of-the-art algorithms shows that the thickness, spatial distribution, and shape of an object affect each result differently, but in a significant manner. This is primarily due to variations in the thresholding algorithms used to distinguish object area elements (pixels/voxels) from the background, or non-object, region. Additionally, the results show that the average difference in thickness measurements can vary by up to 102.34% for models and 46.49% for real bone samples. This data shows that the differences in measurements of the trabecular bone thickness due simply to the algorithm involved are remarkable. Therefore, biomedical engineers and scientists should be careful to select the algorithm that is most compatible with their specific application.
Use of Kinase Inhibitors to Correct ΔF508-CFTR Function (2012)

The most common mutation in cystic fibrosis (CF) is a deletion of Phe at position 508 (ΔF508-CFTR). ΔF508-CFTR is a trafficking mutant that is retained in the ER, unable to reach the plasma membrane. To identify compounds and drugs that rescue this trafficking defect, we screened a kinase inhibitor library enriched for small molecules already in the clinic or in clinical trials for the treatment of cancer and inflammation, using our recently developed high-content screen technology (Trzcinska-Daneluti et al. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 8:780, 2009). The top hits of the screen were further validated by (1) biochemical analysis to demonstrate the presence of mature (Band C) ΔF508-CFTR, (2) flow cytometry to reveal the presence of ΔF508-CFTR at the cell surface, (3) short-circuit current (Isc) analysis in Ussing chambers to show restoration of function of the rescued ΔF508-CFTR in epithelial MDCK cells stably expressing this mutant (including EC(50) determinations), and importantly (4) Isc analysis of Human Bronchial Epithelial (HBE) cells harvested from homozygote ΔF508-CFTR transplant patients. Interestingly, several inhibitors of receptor Tyr kinases (RTKs), such as SU5402 and SU6668 (which target FGFRs, VEGFR, and PDGFR) exhibited strong rescue of ΔF508-CFTR, as did several inhibitors of the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK or p38 pathways (e.g. (5Z)-7-oxozeaenol). Prominent rescue was also observed by inhibitors of GSK-3β (e.g. GSK-3β Inhibitor II and Kenpaullone). These results identify several kinase inhibitors that can rescue ΔF508-CFTR to various degrees, and suggest that use of compounds or drugs already in the clinic or in clinical trials for other diseases can expedite delivery of treatment for CF patients.
Abstract 569: BIO-PROTAC: New treatment modality to treat undruggable KRAS mutants by application of cell penetrating scFv (2023)

Abstract Activation of mutations in RAS has been found in high ratio in human cancers, inducing downstream critical effectors corresponding tumorigenesis. The attempts in direct targeting to activated RAS, which is GTP bound, has been somewhat successful in the treatment of certain type of cancer, however, still beset by the resistance. It has been well established that the tumor engagement is quite related with the interaction between mutated RAS protein and RAF kinase in ERK cascade. Our aim is to develop inhibitor that cell-penetrating scFv (single chain fragment variable) which targets mutated KRAS (mKBscFv). The Fv fragment is the smallest unit composed of the variable region of heavy chain and light chain in an immunoglobulin molecule, that has a function of antigen-binding activity. The scFv can specifically bind to an antigen, thereby reducing side effects of non-specific binding seen in chemical drugs. However, due to the lack of cell penetrating ability of scFv, a delivery carrier is often required. In this study, a cell-penetrating synthetic peptide (CPP) was developed for drug delivery carrier and was expressed at the C-terminus of mKBscFv for transferred cells. In addition, the CPP peptide has a function of inhibiting the interaction of mutated RAS and RAF. The mKBscFv-CPP specifically binding to mutated KRAS and tagged with His tag to express in CHO cells, which was purified by FPLC. The purity of mKBscFv-CPP was confirmed by SDS PAGE. In the SPR results, not only mKBscFv-CPP showed high binding ability to mutated KRAS, but also in cell viability test, it affected the proliferation of KRAS mutated cells. The muatated GTP-bound KRAS was reduced by mKBscFv in KRAS mutated cancer cells. In addition to the bioactivity of the mKBscFv, it has further advantage as a proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC). The plasmid DNA was prepared by adding a VHL-expressing sequence to the C-terminus of mKBscFv (mKBscFv-Vh). This gene was transfected into KRAS mutated cancer cells to express the protein, and as a result mutated GTP-bound KRAS was reduced. A cell penetrating synthetic peptide domain was added to the C-terminus of this gene to express it as a protein in CHO cells. The mutated GTP-bound KRAS was reduced by mKBscFv-Vh-CPP in KRAS mutated cancer cells. Taken together, mKBscFv that binds to mutated KRAS was developed, and it can be expected to become a new protein anticancer drug effective against mutated KRAS-mediated cancer cells by fusing cell penetrating peptide and PROTAC technology. Citation Format: Gookjin Yoon, Beom Soo Jo, Dong Woo Lee, Jinwook Yang, Min-Ho Park, Sanghui Seok, Jue-Yeon Lee, Chong Pyung Chung, Yoon Jeong Park. BIO-PROTAC: New treatment modality to treat undruggable KRAS mutants by application of cell penetrating scFv [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 569.
Text-dependent speaker verification using data fusion (2002)

A new system is presented for text-dependent speaker verification. The system uses data fusion concepts to combine the results of distortion-based and discriminant-based classifiers. Hence, both intraspeaker and interspeaker information are utilized in the final decision. The distortion and discriminant-based classifiers are based on dynamic time warping (DTW) and the neural tree network (NTN), respectively. The system is evaluated with several hundred two word utterances collected over a telephone channel. The combined classifier yields an equal error rate of two percent for this task, which is better than the individual performance of either classifier.
Disaggregated Bundle Methods for Distributed Market Clearing in Power Networks (2013)

A fast distributed approach is developed for the market clearing with large-scale demand response in electric power networks. In addition to conventional supply bids, demand offers from aggregators serving large numbers of residential smart appliances with different energy constraints are incorporated. Leveraging the Lagrangian relaxation based dual decomposition, the resulting optimization problem is decomposed into separate subproblems, and then solved in a distributed fashion by the market operator and each aggregator aided by the end-user smart meters. A disaggregated bundle method is adapted for solving the dual problem with a separable structure. Compared with the conventional dual update algorithms, the proposed approach exhibits faster convergence speed, which results in reduced communication overhead. Numerical results corroborate the effectiveness of the novel approach.
Integration of Predictable and Flexible In-Vehicle Communication using Time-Triggered Ethernet (2006)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper presents a novel communication architecture denoted as time-triggered (TT) Ethernet that integrates real-time and non-real-time traffic into a single communication architecture. TT Ethernet supports applications of different levels of criticality, from simple data acquisition systems, to multimedia systems up to the most demanding fault-tolerant real-time control systems. The event triggered traffic in TT Ethernet is handled in conformance with the existing Ethernet standards of the IEEE. The architecture deploys a TT Ethernet switch, which distinguishes between event-triggered (ET) and time-triggered (TT) Ethernet traffic. Time-triggered traffic is transmitted with a predictable transmission delay, whereas event-triggered traffic is transmitted on a best-effort basis. The paper elaborates on the usage of TT Ethernet for in-vehicle communication in order to integrate different in-vehicle communication subsystems into a single communication architecture.&lt;/div&gt;
Sensitivity ofSpilarctia obliqua to root extracts ofCatharanthus roseus (1998)

Five fractions from the root of the common periwinkle were evaluated for their antifeedant activity, growth regulatory potential, and effect on fecundity and fertility against various stages of a lepidopterous insect, Spilarctia obliqua. The chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions were highly effective as antifeedants, growth inhibitors and caused sterility in treated male adults. Initial instars of the test insect were quite susceptible to the chloroform fraction at 5% concentration, whereas late instar larvae were unaffected. Negative growth rate values were observed for both the fractions at 5000 ppm concentration. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Shape Analysis Using the Spectral Graph Wavelet Transform (2013)

The present work describes a framework for morphological characterization of galaxies based on the Spectral Graph Wavelet Transform. A galaxy image is sampled with a number of points randomly chosen, whose Delaunay triangulation results in an arbitrary graph. The average intensity value in a 5 × 5 vicinity of a pixel related to a graph vertex is assigned to the corresponding graph vertex. A weight inversely proportional to the photometric distance between each pair of vertices is assigned to the respective graph edge. The Spectral Graph Wavelet Transform is computed from this weighted graph with real-valued vertices yielding a high-dimensional feature vector, which is reduced to a two dimensional vector through Principal Component Analysis. The proposed framework has been assessed through two case studies, namely, the case study of analyzing (i) 2D binary images from shapes and preliminary results of (ii) 2D gray tone images from galaxies. The obtained results imply the suitability of this framework for the characterization of galaxies images.
ChemInform Abstract: Rapid Conversion of Unprotected Galactose Analogues to Their UDP‐Derivatives for Use in the Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Unnatural Oligosaccharides. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Novel Reversible-Binding PET Ligands for Imaging Monoacylglycerol Lipase Based on the Piperazinyl Azetidine Scaffold (2021)

Monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) is a 33 kDa serine protease primarily responsible for hydrolyzing 2-arachidonoylglycerol into the proinflammatory eicosanoid precursor arachidonic acid in the central nervous system. Inhibition of MAGL constitutes an attractive therapeutic concept for treating psychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, we present the design and synthesis of multiple reversible MAGL inhibitor candidates based on a piperazinyl azetidine scaffold. Compounds <b>10</b> and <b>15</b> were identified as the best-performing reversible MAGL inhibitors by pharmacological evaluations, thus channeling their radiolabeling with fluorine-18 in high radiochemical yields and favorable molar activity. Furthermore, evaluation of [<sup>18</sup>F]<b>10</b> and [<sup>18</sup>F]<b>15</b> ([<sup>18</sup>F]MAGL-2102) by autoradiography and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in rodents and nonhuman primates demonstrated favorable brain uptakes, heterogeneous radioactivity distribution, good specific binding, and adequate brain kinetics, and [<sup>18</sup>F]<b>15</b> demonstrated a better performance. In conclusion, [<sup>18</sup>F]<b>15</b> was found to be a suitable PET radioligand for the visualization of MAGL, harboring potential for the successful translation into humans.
LED and CMOS Image Sensor Based Optical Wireless Communication System for Automotive Applications (2013)

An optical wireless communication (OWC) system based on a light-emitting-diode (LED) transmitter and a camera receiver has been developed for use in the automotive area. The automotive OWC system will require Mb/s-class data rates and the ability to quickly detect LEDs from an image. The key to achieving this is improvements to the capabilities of the image sensor mounted on the camera receiver. In this paper, we report on a novel OWC system equipped with an optical communication image sensor (OCI), which is newly developed using CMOS technology. To obtain higher transmission rates, the OCI employs a specialized “communication pixel (CPx)” capable of responding promptly to optical intensity variations. Furthermore, a new quick LED detection technique, based on a 1-bit flag image which only reacts to high-intensity objects, is formulated. The communication pixels, ordinary image pixels, and associated circuits (including 1-bit flag image output circuits) are then integrated into the OCI. This paper describes the design, fabrication, and capabilities of the OCI, as well as the development of the LED and image sensor based OWC system, which boasts a 20-Mb/s/pixel data rate without LED detection and a 15-Mb/s/pixel data rate with a 16.6-ms real-time LED detection.
The cache and memory subsystems of the IBM POWER8 processor (2015)

In this paper, we describe the IBM POWER8™ cache, interconnect, memory, and input/output subsystems, collectively referred to as the “nest.” This paper focuses on the enhancements made to the nest to achieve balanced and scalable designs, ranging from small 12-core single-socket systems, up to large 16-processor-socket, 192-core enterprise rack servers. A key aspect of the design has been increasing the end-to-end data and coherence bandwidth of the system, now featuring more than twice the bandwidth of the POWER7® processor. The paper describes the new memory-buffer chip, called Centaur, providing up to 128 MB of eDRAM (embedded dynamic random-access memory) buffer cache per processor, along with an improved DRAM (dynamic random-access memory) scheduler with support for prefetch and write optimizations, providing industry-leading memory bandwidth combined with low memory latency. It also describes new coherence-transport enhancements and the transition to directly integrated PCIe® (PCI Express®) support, as well as additions to the cache subsystem to support higher levels of virtualization and scalability including snoop filtering and cache sharing.
A successfully treated case of mycetoma due to Nocardia veterana (2005)

We report a successfully treated case of mycetoma from which an unusual Nocardia species was isolated. The isolate was identified as N. veterana by biochemical characterization and 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, and it has not been previously reported as a causative agent of human mycetomas. Treatment with various antibiotics over 6 years and surgical resection failed to cure the disease. However, the combination of intravenous imipenem/cilastatin and amikacin along with oral clarithromycin and minocycline proved very effective in this case. This is the first case report of mycetoma due to N. veterana in a clinical setting.
The fluorescence quenching of Ru(bipy)32+: an application for the determination of bilirubin in biological samples (2018)

A simple, sensitive and efficient fluorescence method has been established for the quantitative analysis of bilirubin. The fluorometric determination method was based on the kinetic quenching of ruthenium(II) fluorescence. The quenching effect may be due to the complexation reaction of bilirubin with ruthenium(II). Therefore, the effects of ruthenium concentrations and different surfactants have been studied. Under the optimized experimental parameters, the fluorescence intensity decreased proportionally with the bilirubin concentration and linearity was established in the range of 3.3 × 10<sup>-7</sup> to 3.0 × 10<sup>-4</sup> M bilirubin. The detection limit calculated from the calibration graph was found to be 5.2 × 10<sup>-8</sup> M. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of 10 consecutive measurements of 8.0 × 10<sup>-6</sup> M bilirubin was 3.0%, while the recoveries of bilirubin in both human serum and urine samples were obtained in the range 94.0-99.5%. The interference study shows that the developed fluorescence based technique is fast, easy to carry out and shows negligible interference. The developed technique was successfully applied for the analysis of bilirubin in human urine and serum samples. All the experimental results and quality parameters confirmed the sensitivity and reproducibility of the proposed technique for bilirubin determination in human urine and serum samples.
Agents in industry: the best from the AAMAS 2005 industry track (2006)

Agent technology provides industrial-applications developers with new abstractions for distributed-system development, new methodological tools, and a set of algorithms for creating autonomous, collaborative systems. Over the past few years, a number of industrial applications have deployed agents. However, a substantial gap still exists between the cutting-edge research carried out mainly in university laboratories and research institutes and the domain-specific industrial applications that commercial organizations develop. This article gives some indication of agent technology's readiness for commercial deployment, based primarily on the presentations and discussions at the inaugural Industry Track of AAMAS 2005 - the Fourth International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems.
Binding of adenylosuccinate synthetase to contractile proteins of muscle (1989)

The muscle isozyme of adenylosuccinate synthetase (AdSS), an enzyme of the purine nucleotide cycle, has previously been shown to bind to purified F-actin in buffers of low ionic strength and pH (Ogawa et al. Eur. J. Biochem. 85: 331-338, 1978). We have extended these observations by measuring the association of both crude and purified AdSS with the contractile proteins of muscle in buffers of physiological ionic strength and pH. Under these conditions, the enzyme binds to F-actin, actin-tropomyosin complexes, reconstructed thin filaments, and myofibrils but not to myosin. The apparent dissociation constant of 1.2 microM and binding maximum of 2.6 nmol enzyme/mg myofibrils indicate that binding of AdSS to myofibrils can be physiologically significant. The results suggest that AdSS in muscle may be associated with the thin filament of myofibrils.
Learning Semantics: An Opportunity for Effective 6G Communications (2021)

Recently, semantic communications are envisioned as a key enabler of future 6G networks. Back to Shannon's information theory, the goal of communication has long been to guarantee the correct reception of transmitted messages irrespective of their meaning. However, in general, whenever communication occurs to convey a meaning, what matters is the receiver's understanding of the transmitted message and not necessarily its correct reconstruction. Hence, semantic communications introduce a new paradigm: transmitting only relevant information sufficient for the receiver to capture the meaning intended can save significant communication bandwidth. Thus, this work explores the opportunity offered by semantic communications for beyond 5G networks. In particular, we focus on the benefit of semantic compression. We refer to semantic message as a sequence of well-formed symbols learned from the "meaning" underlying data, which have to be interpreted at the receiver. This requires a reasoning unit, here artificial, on a knowledge base: a symbolic knowledge representation of the specific application. Therefore, we present and detail a novel architecture that enables representation learning of semantic symbols for effective semantic communications. We first discuss theoretical aspects and successfully design objective functions, which help learn effective semantic encoders and decoders. Eventually, we show promising numerical results for the scenario of text transmission, especially when the sender and receiver speak different languages.