gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improving Transformer-Kernel Ranking Model Using Conformer and Query Term Independence (2021)

The Transformer-Kernel (TK) model has demonstrated strong reranking performance on the TREC Deep Learning benchmark---and can be considered to be an efficient (but slightly less effective) alternative to other Transformer-based architectures that employ (i) large-scale pretraining (high training cost), (ii) joint encoding of query and document (high inference cost), and (iii) larger number of Transformer layers (both high training and high inference costs). Since, a variant of the TK model---called TKL---has been developed that incorporates local self-attention to efficiently process longer input sequences in the context of document ranking. In this work, we propose a novel Conformer layer as an alternative approach to scale TK to longer input sequences. Furthermore, we incorporate query term independence and explicit term matching to extend the model to the full retrieval setting. We benchmark our models under the strictly blind evaluation setting of the TREC 2020 Deep Learning track and find that our proposed architecture changes lead to improved retrieval quality over TKL. Our best model also outperforms all non-neural runs ("trad") and two-thirds of the pretrained Transformer-based runs ("nnlm") on [email protected]
Mannan-mediated Delivery of Protein, DNA, RNA to Antigen Presenting Cells (2005)

The delivery of exogenous antigen to antigen presenting cells (APC) for processing and presentation is the first step in the generation of immune responses. We have utilized mannan or mannose as a vehicle to target protein and peptide antigens to mannose binding receptors on antigen presenting cells. In these studies antigen (protein or peptides) conjugated to oxidized mannan (OxMan) generated cellular immune responses in mice whilst antigen conjugated to reduced mannan (RedMan) gave humoral immune responses. These differential immune responses are due to the ability of OxMan to deliver exogenous conjugated antigen to the cytoplasm of APC (macrophages and DC). We have now used OxMan and RedMan to deliver DNA and RNA to APC. Mannan conjugates of poly-lysine (PLL) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) successfully complexed with DNA and RNA as evidenced by retardation on agarose gel electrophoresis. OxMan-PEI or PLL complexed with DNA or RNA transfected mannose receptor expressing J774 cells as well as bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. Mice immunized with OxMan-PLL-DNA conjugate were protected from a challenge of OVA expressing tumour cells. The combination of mannose receptor targeting and immunomodulating properties of OxMan results in an excellent adjuvant/delivery system.
Experimental design for collection and analysis of laboratory passive infrared vapor spectra (2021)

Passive infrared (IR) spectroscopy is a powerful tool for the detection and classification of chemical vapors in industrial, environmental, and defense applications. For any application, it is critical that the collected passive IR spectra is supported via laboratory and calculated spectral data. Here, we demonstrate the importance of a proper experimental setup to collect laboratory passive IR data that replicates what is expected to be collected in the field. We show how the type of IR detector element used affects the IR spectral results. Finally, we demonstrate calculated spectral results that show good agreement with the laboratory collected data, and provide a method to model such vapor releases in external environmental scenarios.
Long-Acting Oxytocin Antagonists: Effects of 2-D-Stereoisomer Substitution on Antagonistic Potency and Duration of Action (1987)

Recently we reported the discovery of a series of 2-O-alkyltyrosine- (or 2-p-alkylphenylalanine), 4-threonine-, and 8-ornithine-substituted analogs of [1-penicillamine]oxytocin [( Pen1]OT) which possess prolonged anti-OT activity. In this study, we attempt to improve the potency and the duration of action of this series of OT antagonists by exploring the effects of D-stereoisomer substitution in the 2 position. We compare the in vitro anti-OT potency, expressed in pA2 values, and the duration of in vivo inhibitory action, expressed in recovery t1/2, of [Pen1]OT, [Pen1,Orn8]OT, [Pen1,Thr4]OT, [Pen1,Tyr(OMe)2,Thr4, Orn8]OT, [Pen1, Tyr(OEt)2,Thr4,Orn8]OT, [Pen1,D-Tyr(OEt)2,Thr4,Orn8]OT, [Pen1,Phe2,Thr4]OT, [Pen1,Phe(Me)2,Thr4,Orn8]OT, [Pen1,D-Phe(Me)2,Thr4,Orn8]OT, [Pen1,Phe(Et)2,Thr4,Orn8]OT, and [Pen1,D-Phe(Et)2,Thr4,Orn8]OT. The results show that modifications of the amino acid in position 2 by alkylation of the aromatic ring and use of D-stereoisomerism produce nonparallel effects on the in vitro potency and duration of action of OT antagonists. Time-action curve determinations show that long-acting OT antagonists exhibit delayed peak inhibitory action. Long action is not coupled with high potency in all cases. This dissociation between potency and duration of action gives support to our hypothesis that the potency and duration of action of these peptides may each have different conformational structure requirements.
Performance analysis of switch access systems (2002)

We compare simulation and analytical approaches for estimating the blocking of switch access systems. We include the effects of both concentration and limited availability. We allow for two types of calls. Type-1 calls queue if they are initially blocked. In contrast, if a Type-2 call is blocked then with a certain probability r it will enter retry mode and with probability 1-r it will abandon. Once in the retry mode, the call is reattempted at constant time intervals of /spl tau/ seconds. The simulation approach incorporates all the features described above, and moreover, allows for a mix of alternative call holding times. The analytical model is a finite birth-death process which captures the effect of limited availability through scaling factors that modulate the state-dependent arrival and service rates. Although the analytical model does not have the flexibility of the simulation approach, our interest was in determining if it could serve as an approximation to the complexities inherent to the simulation. We compare the simulation and analytical approaches using an example switched access system and conclude that the modeling approach matches the simulation approach very nicely when retries are not allowed. When retries are allowed, the match is not as good but is still satisfactory.
Ab Initio and Density Functional Study of the Activation Barrier for Ethane Cracking in Cluster Models of Zeolite H-ZSM-5 (2000)

Protolytic cracking of ethane in zeolites has been investigated using quantum-chemical techniques and a cluster model of the zeolite acid site. An aluminosilicate cluster model containing five tetrahedral (Si, Al) atoms (5T) was used to locate all of the stationary points along a reaction path for ethane cracking at the HF/6-31G(d), B3LYP/6-31G(d), and MP2(FC)/6-31G(d) levels of theory. The cracking reaction occurs via a protonated structure that is a carbonium-like ion and is a transition state on the potential energy surface. The activation barrier for cracking calculated at each level of theory was refined by including (i) vibrational energies at the experimental reaction temperature of 773 K, (ii) electron correlation and/or an extended basis set at the B3LYP/6-311+G(3df,2p) or MP2(FC)/6-311+G(3df,2p) levels, and (iii) the influence of the surrounding zeolite lattice from a 58T cluster model of the zeolite H-ZSM-5. The barrier is especially sensitive to the long-range electrostatic effect of the lattice, which reduces it by 14.5 kcal/mol from the value obtained with the 5T cluster. The final calculated barrier of 54.1 kcal/mol at the MP2(FC)/6-311+G(3df,2p)//MP2(FC)/6-31G(d) level, including corrections, is significantly smaller than values obtained by previous theoretical studies and is in reasonable agreement with typical experimental values for short alkanes. The other levels of theory give similar values for the barrier.
Dissolution-Segregation Behavior of Ca during the Sintering Process of MnZn Ferrite (2009)

Dissolution and segregation behavior of Ca in the Sintering process of MnZn ferrite were investigated by microstructure analysis. It was revealed that, as the temperature rises to above 1000°C, Ca dissolves to the spinel lattice and disperses uniformly in the ferrite at the soaking step. Ca begins to segregate to the grain boundaries in the slow cooling process, and the segregation proceeds below 1100°C rather than above. This suggests that control of the cooling in this temperature range is of great importance for the formation of high-resistivity grain boundaries and the lowering of core loss.
Enhancing respiratory sinus arrhythmia increases cardiac output in rats with left ventricular dysfunction (2019)

Natural pacing of the heart results in heart rate variability, an indicator of good health and cardiac function. A contributor to heart rate variability is respiratory sinus arrhythmia or RSA - an intrinsic respiratory modulated pacing of heart rate. The loss of RSA is associated with poor cardiac prognosis and sudden cardiac death. We tested if reinstatement of respiratory-modulated heart rate (RMH) would improve cardiac performance in heart failure. Heart failure was induced in Wistar rats by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Rats were unpaced, monotonically paced and RMH paced; the latter had the same average heart rate as the monotonically paced animals. Cardiac function was assessed non-invasively using echocardiography before and after 2 weeks of daily pacing at a time when pacing was turned off. RMH increased cardiac output by 20 ± 8% compared to monotonic pacing (-3 ± 5%; P < 0.05). This improvement in cardiac output was associated with an increase in stroke volume compared to monotonic pacing (P = 0.03) and improvement in circumferential strain (P = 0.02). Improvements in ejection fraction (P = 0.08) and surrogate measures of left ventricle compliance did not reach significance. Increases in contractility (P < 0.05) and coronary blood flow (P < 0.05) were seen in vitro during variable pacing to mimic RMH. Thus, in rats with left ventricular dysfunction, chronic RMH pacing improved cardiac function through improvements in systolic function. As these improvements were made with pacing switched off, we propose the novel idea that RMH pacing causes reverse-remodelling.
CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs, Vol 2 (2019): A Facility for Tumour Therapy and Biomedical Research in South-Eastern Europe (2019)

In 2016 the South East European International Institute for Sustainable Technologies (SEEIIST) was proposed by Herwig Schopper and brought to the political level by Sanja Damjanovic, Minister of Science of Montenegro. In this framework two design studies have been completed by two groups of European experts: a "4th Generation Synchrotron Light Source for Science and Technology" (SRL) and a "Facility for Tumour Hadron Therapy and Biomedical Research" (HTR). A preliminary report was presented and discussed at the Workshop on "New International Research Facilities for South East Europe" held in January 2017 at ICTP (Trieste). In March 2018 the Steering Committee came unanimously to the conclusion that the first facility to be built should be the HTR. This report contains the HTR study, which was completed in July 2018; the Executive Summary has been written for the readers who are not interested in the details.
FAC-MS uncovers new effectors for old transcription regulators Discovery of novel transcription factor effectors for metJ Method improvement and optimization Functional discovery and annotation of new transcriptional regulators (2010)

Abstract Not Provided
Structure, chemistry, and electrical performance of silicon oxwe-nitride-oxme stacks on silicon (2004)

In this study (i) spatially-resolved electron-energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) in a transmission electron microscope and (ii) secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) were applied to analyze elemental distributions in the differently processed ONO stacks deposited on Si. Also densities of individual layers in the ONA stacks were measured using X-ray reflectometry (XRR).
Advances in marine vibrators for seismic survey (2019)

The reducing impact of noise from traditional air-guns on marine mammals is an actual problem for oil and gas producers. The application of coherent, broadband signals instead of explosive, high intensity, and air-gun pulses is the potential way of noise mitigation. The three major oil companies, Shell, Exxon, and Total, are sponsoring the Marine Vibrator Joint Industry Project MVJIP. Marine Vibrators are a coherent type of seismic source, which are less harmful for marine inhabitants and give a clearer, higher resolution imaging of the sub-bottom formations. Teledyne as one of the participants in the MVJIP using a large underwater bubble resonator as a new type of seismic source. The cylindrical bubble keeps its shape in the water and can be towed with the speed 8 knots. The polyurethane membrane covering the gas-filled bubble supports a high volume displacement. The research shows that the best driver for ultra-low frequency 1–10 Hz source is the blower with the airflow controlled by a proportion valves. The experimental prototype has good performance with a maximum more than SPL 200 dB at the frequency 5–12 Hz. However, for a limited sound pressure level of 185 dB in a frequency band of 10–100 Hz, the subwoofer driver shows very good performance.
Evaluation of dynamic creep properties of surgical mesh prostheses—Uniaxial fatigue (2009)

In this study, we examine the dynamic creep behavior of four commonly used commercial hernia meshes (Prolene, Ultrapro, Vypro, and Vypro II). The meshes, differing from each other with respect to composition and architecture, were tested under uniaxial tension at simulated physiological loads and environmental conditions. The changes in percentage strain elongation, secant modulus, and cyclic energy dissipation over 100,000 cycles were compared. All of the meshes evaluated were found to be overengineered compared to physiological-loading criteria and displayed good load-carrying performance. When all meshes were tested at 37 degrees C in physiological saline, they survived 100,000 cycles of sinusoidal loading without fracture, except Ultrapro. Interestingly, irrespective of the differences in structure and composition, all meshes underwent strain-hardening and permanent plastic deformation. Scanning electron micrographs of the meshes showed evidence of yarn thinning, decrimping, and fracture. The results of this study suggest that strain-hardening of the meshes under dynamic loading could be a possible cause for complications related to abdominal mobility during long-term implantations.
Achieving near-optimal traffic engineering solutions for current OSPF/IS-IS networks (2005)

Traffic engineering aims to distribute traffic so as to "optimize" some performance criterion. This optimal distribution of traffic depends on both the routing protocol and the forwarding mechanisms in use in the network. In IP networks running the OSPF or IS-IS protocols, routing is over shortest paths, and forwarding mechanisms distribute traffic "uniformly" over equal cost shortest paths. These constraints often make achieving an optimal distribution of traffic impossible. In this paper, we propose and evaluate an approach that can realize near optimal traffic distribution without changes to routing protocols and forwarding mechanisms. In addition, we explore the tradeoff that exists between performance and the configuration overhead that our solution requires. The paper's contributions are in formulating and evaluating an approach to traffic engineering in IP networks that achieves near-optimal performance while preserving the existing infrastructure.
[Lipid pneumonia and superinfection by Mycobacterium fortuitum. Apropos of a case]. (1987)

We report a case of lipoid pneumonia complicated by supra-infection with Mycobacterium fortuitum. The diagnosis of a lipoid pneumonia was suggested by the CT Scanner which showed a negative density in the pneumonic tissue. The supra-infection by the mycobacterium dit not change the radiological opacities which stayed the same following a cure of the mycobacterial infection. A histo-pathological study showed evidence of macrophages with voluminous lipid inclusions but equally the atypical mycobacteria were associated with a giant cell-epithelioid reaction. In patients with a lipoid pneumonia the possibility of an infection should be considered and a supra-infection with an atypical mycobacterium should be looked for. At the same time, when a bacteriological study of sputum or fibreoptic aspiration of a rapidly growing mycobacterium is obtained this should raise the possibility of oil inhalations. Alveolar lavage seems to be a technique which seems to be entirely appropriate to obtain the diagnosis of the two concomitant disorders.
ChemInform Abstract: Homogeneous Ruthenium‐Based Water—Gas Shift Catalysts via Supported Ionic Liquid Phase (SILP) Technology at Low Temperature and Ambient Pressure. (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Supplementary Figure 7 from The OPCML Tumor Suppressor Functions as a Cell Surface Repressor–Adaptor, Negatively Regulating Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 88K&lt;/p&gt;
Identifying future ‘unexpected’ survivors: a retrospective cohort study of fatal injury patterns in victims of improvised explosive devices (2013)

Head trauma severity in both mounted and dismounted IED fatalities indicated prevention and mitigation as the most effective strategies to decrease resultant mortality. Two-thirds of dismounted fatalities had haemorrhage implicated as a cause of death that may have been anatomically amenable to prehospital intervention. One-fifth of the mounted fatalities had haemorrhagic trauma which currently could only be addressed surgically. Maintaining the drive to improve all haemostatic techniques for blast casualties, from point of wounding to definitive surgical proximal vascular control, alongside the development and application of novel haemostatic interventions could yield a significant survival benefit. Prospective studies in this field are indicated.
Stearyl polyethylenimine complexed with plasmids as the core of human serum albumin nanoparticles noncovalently bound to CRISPR/Cas9 plasmids or siRNA for disrupting or silencing PD-L1 expression for immunotherapy (2018)

The plasmids/<i>st</i>PEI/HSA NPs could be a promising tool for gene delivery and improved immunotherapy.
Development of receptors for leukotriene B4 on HL-60 cells induced to differentiate by 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. (1986)

The incubation of HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells for 7 days with 100 nM 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] induced differentiation into monocyte-like cells, as assessed by morphologic and biochemical characteristics. Stereospecific receptors for leukotriene B4 (LTB4) developed on the surface of the HL-60 cell-derived monocytes that had the capacity to transduce LTB4 stimulation of a transient increase in the cytosolic concentration of calcium ([Ca+2]in). HL-60 cell-derived monocytes, but not undifferentiated HL-60 cells, expressed a high affinity subset of 6400 +/- 3700 receptors per cell with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 2.3 +/- 1 nM (mean +/- SD, n = 3) and a low affinity subset of approximately 2.2 X 10(6) receptors per cell with an apparent Kd of 680 +/- 410 nM. Derivatives of LTB4 inhibited the binding of [3H]LTB4 to HL-60 cell-derived monocytes with a rank order of potency of LTB4 greater than 20-OH-LTB4 greater than 3-aminopropyl amide-LTB4, which is similar to the order for LTB4 receptors of human blood PMNL. In contrast, leukotrienes C4 and D4 and formyl-methionyl chemotactic peptides did not inhibit the binding of [3H] LTB4, which demonstrates the specificity of these receptors for isomers of 5,12-dihydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid. LTB4 stimulated an increase in [Ca+2]in in HL-60 cell-derived monocytes which reached 50% of the maximal level at an LTB4 concentration of 0.5 nM (EC50). Preincubation of HL-60 cell-derived monocytes with 10 nM LTB4 resulted in a selective loss of high affinity receptors, as assessed by binding of [3H]LTB4, and a 200-fold increase in the EC50 for stimulation by LTB4 of increases in [Ca+2]in, without alterations in either the low affinity receptors for LTB4 or the responsiveness of [Ca+2]in to formyl-methionyl chemotactic peptides. HL-60 cells that are induced to differentiate into monocytes thus develop stereospecific receptors for LTB4 with binding and transductional characteristics similar to those of human blood PMNL.
Abstract 3926: Molecular imaging of VEGFR expression modulation by antiangiogenic therapy in mouse model of human breast cancer. (2013)

Abstract Antiangiogenic therapy targeting VEGF/VEGFR signaling is an important strategy for cancer treatment, which is currently used in mono-therapy or combination therapy settings. However, the emerging resistance to antiangiogenic therapy as well as varied clinical response calls for the development of early, preferably noninvasive, markers of treatment response. In this study we used a recently developed molecular imaging tracer, site-specifically 99mTc-labeled engineered single-chain VEGF derivative, to monitor the VEGF receptor expression during the course of sunitinib antiangiogenic therapy in orthotopic human breast cancer model MDA-MB-231. The treatment protocol included two cycles of therapy delivered daily for 5 days (80mg/kg, orally) with a 5-day vacation between the cycles. Micro SPECT/CT imaging was performed longitudinally up to day 16. Animals in the control group received vehicle solution only. Tumors were excised and stained for the expression of CD31 endothelial cell marker. Experimental results suggest a highly heterogeneous vascular regression response to the first round of treatment, with significantly decreased tracer uptake and CD31 prevalence in some but not all tumors. As judged by the increase in tracer uptake and CD31 prevalence, a significant vascular rebound took place in all tumors after the vacation period. Judging by the same criteria, the second round of treatment was significantly less effective than the first round. Taken together, these results suggests that noninvasive molecular imaging of VEGF receptors reflects vascular regression and rebound in individual tumors and can provide clinically relevant information for monitoring and scheduling antiangiogenic therapy. Citation Format: Wenlian Zhu, Yoshinori Kato, Ronnie C. Mease, Susanta Sarkar, Marina V. Backer, Joseph M. Backer, Dmitri Artemov. Molecular imaging of VEGFR expression modulation by antiangiogenic therapy in mouse model of human breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3926. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3926