gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Swelling and mechanical behavior of modified poly(vinyl alcohol)/laponite nanocomposite membranes (2006)

Abstract Nanocomposite (NC) membranes based on hydrophobically modified PVA and laponite were synthesized with varying laponite content in the feed. The incorporation of laponite in NC membranes was investigated by FTIR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The swelling ratio of membranes was determined as a function of temperature and laponite content. Swelling studies of NC membranes exhibited the decrease in swelling with an increase in laponite content in the NC membranes. The swelling ratio of NC membrane with 20% laponite slightly increased with an increase in temperature. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed the systematic increase in storage modulus with laponite content, which indicates the enhancement of mechanical property upon laponite addition. There was also a decrease in the tan δ peak values of NC membranes with an increase in laponite content in NCs. The permeabilities through NC membranes as a function of solute size and laponite content were studied and the results showed molecular screening based on size. The permeability of solute reduced due to the presence of well‐dispersed laponite in the NC. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 2896–2903, 2007
Reversed Flow Converter: Fundamentals of the Design (1999)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Reversed flow converter (RFC) employs periodical reversals of exhaust gas flow through a catalyst monolith for efficient use of its heat retention properties. This paper presents the results of computer simulation of three potential applications of the RFC: destruction of hydrocarbons and CO after diesel dual fuel engines, lean-NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; reduction, and cold-start emission control. An one-dimensional two-phase reactor model was used to simulate both typical converter operation transients and standard diesel engine tests. Both catalyst support structure and catalyst activity were demonstrated to affect the converter performance. Converter configurations were suggested that comprise catalyst, inert material and/or adsorbent. Simulation results are compared with engine tests of a converter treating a diesel dual fuel engine emissions.&lt;/div&gt;
Adaptation of Arabidopsis to nitrogen limitation involves induction of anthocyanin synthesis which is controlled by the NLA gene (2008)

Plants can survive a limiting nitrogen (N) supply by developing a set of N limitation adaptive responses. However, the Arabidopsis nla (nitrogen limitation adaptation) mutant fails to produce such responses, and cannot adapt to N limitation. In this study, the nla mutant was utilized to understand further the effect of NLA on Arabidopsis adaptation to N limitation. Grown with limiting N, the nla mutant could not accumulate anthocyanins and instead produced an N limitation-induced early senescence phenotype. In contrast, when supplied with limiting N and limiting phosphorus (Pi), the nla mutants accumulated abundant anthocyanins and did not show the N limitation-induced early senescence phenotype. These results support the hypothesis that Arabidopsis has a specific pathway to control N limitation-induced anthocyanin synthesis, and the nla mutation disrupts this pathway. However, the nla mutation does not affect the Pi limitation-induced anthocyanin synthesis pathway. Therefore, Pi limitation induced the nla mutant to accumulate anthocyanins under N limitation and allowed this mutant to adapt to N limitation. Under N limitation, the nla mutant had a significantly down-regulated expression of many genes functioning in anthocyanin synthesis, and an enhanced expression of genes involved in lignin production. Correspondingly, the nla mutant grown with limiting N showed a significantly lower production of anthocyanins (particularly cyanidins) and an increase in lignin contents compared with wild-type plants. These data suggest that NLA controls Arabidopsis adaptability to N limitation by channelling the phenylpropanoid metabolic flux to the induced anthocyanin synthesis, which is important for Arabidopsis to adapt to N limitation.
Diblock Copolymers as Scaffolds for Efficient Functionalization via Click Chemistry (2008)

A set of different alkyne containing diblock copolymers based on 4-hydroxystyrene was synthesized by nitroxide mediated radical polymerization (NMRP), all with excellent control over the molecular composition and narrow molar mass distribution. The diblock copolymers consist of labile protected 4-hydroxystyrene motifs in one block and bear alkyne functionalities in each repeating unit of the second block, thus making the materials candidates for polymer analogous modification reactions by a very efficient cycloaddition reaction. The use of 4-(trimethylsilylpropargyloxy)styrene as monomer proved highly advantageous compared to 4-(trimethylsilylethynyl) styrene, first because high control was kept in the NMRP process and second because there was higher accessibility in the postmodification reaction. In fact, quantitative postmodification through Cu(I)-catalyzed cycloaddition reaction of the pending propargyloxy groups with bulky adamantane azide of the diblock copolymers was achieved, yielding microphase-separated materials with a rigid block.
Characterization of heat emission of light-curing units (2012)

The PAC curing unit induced a significantly higher heat emission and temperature increase in all periods, and data were statistically different than the other tested groups (p < .05). LED (Blue Phase C5) was not statistically significant (p < .05) (at 10 s) than QTH units, also LED (Blue Phase C5, UltraLume 5) generates obvious heat emission and temperature rises than QTH units (at 20 s) except for those which have lower power density of LED curing units (first generation). Thus, the null hypothesis was rejected.
Development of Condition and Length-Categorization Standards for Saugeye (1993)

ABSTRACT Weight-length data for 32 (N=3,371) saugeye (walleye Stizostedion vitreum x sauger Stizostedion canadense hybrids) populations from eight states were used to develop a standard weight (Ws) equation. We used the regression-line-percentile technique, which provides a 75th-percentile standard, to develop the equation. The proposed Ws equation is log10 Ws(g) = −5.692 + 3.266 log10TL(mm), and the English equivalent is log10 Ws(lb) = −3.760 + 3.266 log10TL(in). The saugeye Ws equation is valid for fish ≥ 170 mm. The proposed Ws equation was used to calculate relative weight (Wr) values for individual fish from each population to test for length-related biases. A significant relationship between total length and Wr was observed in 18 of the 32 populations. Ten populations had negative slopes while eight had positive slopes. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of positive and negative slopes (X 2=0.22, P≥0.50); therefore, no length-related biases were evident for the populations used in this study. Based on percentages of world record length for saugeye, we recommend the use of 23 cm (9 in), 35 cm (14 in), 46 cm (18 in), 56 cm (22 in), and 69 cm (27 in) as minimum stock, quality, preferred, memorable, and trophy lengths, respectively.
Growth of new langasite single crystals for piezoelectric applications (2002)

We have successfully grown La/sub 3/Nb/sub 0.5/Ga/sub 5.5/O/sub 14/ and La/sub 3/Ta/sub 0.5/Ga/sub 5.5/O/sub 14/ piezoelectric single crystals of size and quality comparable to La/sub 3/Ga/sub 5/SiO/sub 14/, by the Czochralski technique. The piezoelectric and device properties of the crystals were investigated. A search for new langasite-type materials was also performed.
CORONET: Testbeds, Cloud Computing, and Lessons Learned (2014)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. Von Lehmen, R. Doverspike, G. Clapp, D. M. Freimuth, J. Gannett, K. Kim, H. Kobrinski, E. Mavrogiorgis, J. Pastor, M. Rauch, K. K. Ramakrishnan, R. Skoog, B. Wilson, and S. L. Woodward, "CORONET: Testbeds, Cloud Computing, and Lessons Learned," in Optical Fiber Communication Conference, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2014), paper W4B.1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Release of ATP by a human retinal pigment epithelial cell line: potential for autocrine stimulation through subretinal space (2001)

1. Stimulation of purinergic receptors on retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells can increase the rate of fluid transport or decrease phagocytosis. This study aims to: determine whether the purine ATP can be released from RPE cells, begin probing the mechanism of any release and test whether cells degrade ATP extracellularly. 2. ATP release was monitored from cultured human ARPE-19 cells with the luciferin-luciferase assay. Biphasic release of ATP was triggered by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), by the pyrimidine uridine triphosphate (UTP) and by hypotonicity. 3. The Cl(-) channel blocker 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)-benzoate (NPPB) inhibited release of ATP, suggesting that release was associated with Cl(-) channels. 4. Elevating intracellular Ca(2+) directly with ionomycin was insufficient to trigger ATP release. 5. UTP induced a biphasic elevation in intracellular Ca(2+). NPPB inhibited the second phase, suggesting autostimulation by released ATP. 6. Cells grown on permeable supports showed apical release of ATP, analogous to release into subretinal space in vivo. 7. The presence of ecto-ATPases on ARPE-19 cell membranes was suggested by the degradation of ATP added to intact cells. 8. Phagocytosis of fluorescent beads was inhibited by ATP, but the ecto-5'-nucleotidase inhibitor alpha, beta-methylene ADP prevented this, suggesting that inhibition was mediated by extracellular conversion of ATP to adenosine. 9. These results suggest that growth factors, pyrimidines and changes in tonicity could trigger ATP release into subretinal space. The levels of ATP released may be capable of autocrine stimulation of ATP receptors, while conversion to adenosine by ecto-enzymes could alter phagocytosis.
Multi-channel SOI lateral IGBTs with large SOA (2002)

We report, for the first time, the development of 5 ampere multi-channel lateral IGBTs on SOI. The new LIGBTs are characterized by a plural number of parallel stripe poly-silicon gates and resultant plural number of channels, which enhances electron injection and attains a large current capability. The developed LIGBTs conduct current density over 120 A/cm/sup 2/ at the drain voltage of 3 V and simultaneously achieve a fall-time below 300 ns. The LIGBTs have excellent current capability and short circuit withstanding capability of DC 300 V with 500 A/cm/sup 2/ of drain current even at 200/spl deg/C.
Myometrium electromechanical modeling for internal uterine pressure estimation by electrohysterography (2009)

During delivery, quantitative information on the uterine activity can be provided by internal uterine pressure (IUP) recordings using an invasive intrauterine pressure catheter (IUPC). The electrohysterogram, which measures the electrical signal that drives the mechanical contraction of the uterine muscle and the consequent IUP increase, is recorded by electrodes placed on the abdomen. Recent work demonstrated the possibility of reliably estimating the IUP noninvasively by electrohysterographic (EHG) signal analysis. To further improve the accuracy of IUP estimates, we investigated the use of three nonlinear functions for modeling the relationship between the electrical activation measured by the EHG signal and the mechanical response of the uterine muscle. The feature employed for obtaining a first estimate of the IUP is the unnormalized first statistical moment of the EHG spectrum. The relationship between the extracted feature and the IUP is modeled by a second-order polynomial, a logarithmic, and an exponential function. For validation, the IUPC and the EHG signals were recorded on nine women in labor. A second-order polynomial model already provided estimates that are highly correlated with the IUPC signal (r = 0.73). However, the logarithmic model resulted to be the most accurate, especially in terms of root mean squared error (RMSE = 5.13 mmHg).
Toxicity of Intravitreous Ceftazidime in Primate Retina (1992)

Squirrel monkeys were anesthetized and given intravitreous injections of 0.1 mL of balanced salt solution containing 0 mg (two eyes), 1 mg (three eyes), 2.25 mg (three eyes), or 10 mg (three eyes) of ceftazidime, a third-generation cephalosporin that provides excellent coverage for gram-negative infections. Ophthalmoscopic examinations were performed 48 hours after the injections and results were completely normal in all eyes except for those that were injected with 10 mg of ceftazidime, all three of which showed the appearance of cystic change in the macula. The monkeys were killed and the eyes were removed and examined by light and electron microscopy. All eyes were normal by light microscopy except for those injected with 10 mg of ceftazidime, which showed disruption of photoreceptors (primarily outer segments) in the foveas with cystic changes in all three and macular holes in two of three. Electron microscopy showed mild swelling of mitochondria and perinuclear halos around photoreceptor nuclei in both control eyes and in eyes injected with 1 and 2.25 mg. An eye injected with 10 mg showed severe damage to central photoreceptor outer segments consisting of disruption of plasma membranes and accumulation of intracytoplasmic granular material. Inner segments showed mild changes and there was loss of apical microvilli of the retinal pigmented epithelium. The inner retina was normal. These data suggest that high doses of intravitreous ceftazidime show toxicity primarily to photoreceptor cells, but a dose of 2.25 mg is safe as studied in this model and can be used instead of intravitreous aminoglycosides that have a narrow therapeutic window.
Bonding of porous aluminum to polycarbonate by cutting and pressing immediately after foaming (2022)

One of the problems preventing the practical use of porous aluminum is the lack of strength and the difficulty of compositing it with other materials. In this study, we attempted to bond porous aluminum with a polycarbonate plate of high strength capability, insulation, and corrosion resistance to fabricate a composite material with improved strength and light weight, while maintaining its shock-absorbing properties. The precursor was heated by optical heating to fabricate porous aluminum and then the porous aluminum was cut by passing a cutter through it before it solidified. After cutting, the porous aluminum was moved to directly under the polycarbonate plate, and the latter was pressed onto the porous aluminum for bonding at 400°C. From the observation of the cross section of the bonded sample, it was confirmed that the polycarbonate plate had entered into the pores of the porous aluminum, creating an anchor effect that resulted in strong bonding between the porous aluminum and the polycarbonate plate. The cutting and bonding did not affect the pore structures of the porous aluminum, suggesting that the polycarbonate plate can be bonded to the porous aluminum immediately after cutting.
Measurements of Engine Torque with the Intra-Bearing Torque Sensor (1987)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A miniature noncontact torque sensor has been developed to be mounted on an engine for use in engine control systems. The sensor is installed in a last main bearing of the engine crankshaft. The principle is based on the measurement of torque-induced change in magnetic properties of a crankshaft due to the magneto-strictive effect.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A new signal processing has also been developed. The method is very superior in linearity and stability of the output signal. Performance of the sensor examined on an engine-dynamometer arrangement is described.&lt;/div&gt;
Enhanced Photoconductivity in Thin‐Film Semiconductors Optically Coupled to Photonic Crystals (2007)

The photoconductivity of a thin semiconductor film is enhanced by depositing a photonic crystal layer on its backside. As shown in the figure, simulations indicate that the enhanced photoconductivity arises from the resonant modes in the film–photonic-crystal constructs and exceeds the enhancement obtained by depositing a perfect mirror onto the film.
Supplementary Tables 1-2 from Loss of Cell-Surface Laminin Anchoring Promotes Tumor Growth and Is Associated with Poor Clinical Outcomes (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 111K&lt;/p&gt;
Optical Transitions of CuInS2 Nanoparticles: Two Types of Absorption and Two Types of Emission (2020)

CuInS2 (CIS) nanoparticles would be attractive alternatives to replace toxic elements in widely investigated nanoparticles, when the optical properties such as the broad absorption and the luminescence with a large Stokes shift are clarified. Hence, the optical transitions of CIS nanoparticles are investigated. The absorption spectrum shows two types of electronic transitions due to the splitting of the valence band, whose energy difference is influenced by the size of the nanoparticles. The asymmetric shape of the photoluminescence spectrum indicates the coexistence of two emissive states such as surface and band-gap states with distinctive energies and lifetimes. The low-energy absorption and band-gap emission exhibit the weakly allowed nature of optical transitions aided by the electron–phonon coupling, which explains the broad band and large Stokes shift, although the ground and lowest excited states are involved in both the low-energy absorption and the band-gap emission. Consequently, an understanding of the optical properties of CIS increases its potential for appropriate applications as an alternative to quantum dots containing toxic elements.
Virus overrides the propensity of human CD40L-activated plasmacytoid dendritic cells to produce Th2 mediators through synergistic induction of IFN-γ and Th1 chemokine production (2005)

Depending on the activation status, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDC) and myeloid DC have the ability to induce CD4 T cell development toward T helper cell type 1 (Th1) or Th2 pathways. Thus, we tested whether different activation signals could also have an impact on the profile of chemokines produced by human PDC. Signals that induce human PDC to promote a type 1 response (i.e., viruses) and a type 2 response [i.e., CD40 ligand (CD40L)] also induced PDC isolated from tonsils to secrete chemokines preferentially attracting Th1 cells [such as interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-inducible protein (IP)-10/CXC chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta/CC chemokine ligand 4 (CCL4)] or Th2 cells (such as thymus and activation-regulated chemokine/CCL17 and monocyte-derived chemokine/CCL22), respectively. Activated natural killer cells were preferentially recruited by supernatants of virus-activated PDC, and supernatants of CD40L-activated PDC attracted memory CD4(+) T cells, particularly the CD4(+)CD45RO(+)CD25(+) T cells described for their regulatory activities. It is striking that CD40L and virus synergized to trigger the production of IFN-gamma by PDC, which induces another Th1-attracting chemokine monokine-induced by IFN-gamma/CXCL9 and cooperates with endogenous type I IFN for IP-10/CXCL10 production. In conclusion, our studies reveal that PDC participate in the selective recruitment of effector cells of innate and adaptive immune responses and that virus converts the CD40L-induced Th2 chemokine patterns of PDC into a potent Th1 mediator profile through an autocrine loop of IFN-gamma.
Titanium nitride as a plasmonic material for visible wavelengths (2010)

The search for alternative plasmonic materials with improved optical properties over the traditional materials like silver and gold could ultimately lead to the long-awaited, real-life applications of plasmonic devices and metamaterials. In this work, we show that titanium nitride could perform as an alternative plasmonic material in the visible wavelength range. We evaluate the performances of various plasmonic and metamaterial structures with titanium nitride as a plasmonic component and show that transformation-optics devices and an important class of metamaterials with hyperbolic dispersion based on TiN could significantly outperform similar devices based on conventional metals in the visible wavelengths range.
Neutron Resonance Transmission Analysis (NRTA): A Nondestructive Assay Technique for the Next Generation Safeguards Initiative?s Plutonium Assay Challenge (2010)

This is an end-of-year report for a project funded by the National Nuclear Security Administration's Office of Nuclear Safeguards (NA-241). The goal of this project is to investigate the feasibility of using Neutron Resonance Transmission Analysis (NRTA) to assay plutonium in commercial light-water-reactor spent fuel. This project is part of a larger research effort within the Next-Generation Safeguards Initiative (NGSI) to evaluate methods for assaying plutonium in spent fuel, the Plutonium Assay Challenge. The first-year goals for this project were modest and included: 1) developing a zero-order MCNP model for the NRTA technique, simulating data results presented in the literature, 2) completing a preliminary set of studies investigating important design and performance characteristics for the NRTA measurement technique, and 3) documentation of this work in an end of the year report (this report). Research teams at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), and at several universities are also working to investigate plutonium assay methods for spent-fuel safeguards. While the NRTA technique is well proven in the scientific literature for assaying individual spent fuel pins, it is a newcomer to the current NGSI efforts studying Pu assay method techniques having just started in March 2010; several analytical techniques have been under investigation within this program for two to three years or more. This report summarizes a nine month period of work.
Figure 3 from Somatic Mosaic Chromosomal Alterations and Death of Cardiovascular Disease Causes among Cancer Survivors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Multivariable Cox regression models evaluating the effect of mCAs on incident cardiovascular phenotypes. All models are adjusted for age at baseline, sex, smoking status, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, number of days between the date of recruitment and the date of cancer diagnosis, and principal components 1 to 10. MI: myocardial infarction, NSTEMI, non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction; STEMI, ST-elevation myocardial infarction; TIA, transient ischemic attack.&lt;/p&gt;
The Pentacyclic Triterpenoids in Herbal Medicines and Their Pharmacological Activities in Diabetes and Diabetic Complications (2013)

Pentacyclic triterpenoids including the oleanane, ursane and lupane groups are widely distributed in many medicinal plants, such as Glycyrrhiza species, Gymnema species, Centella asiatica, Camellia sinensis, Crataegus species and Olea europaea, which are commonly used in traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes and diabetic complications. A large number of bioactive pentacyclic triterpenoids, such as oleanolic acid, glycyrrhizin, glycyrrhetinic acid, ursolic acid, betulin, betulinic acid and lupeol have shown multiple biological activities with apparent effects on glucose absorption, glucose uptake, insulin secretion, diabetic vascular dysfunction, retinopathy and nephropathy. The versatility of the pentacyclic triterpenes provides a promising approach for diabetes management.