gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Closed-form solutions for the optimum equivalence of first-order compartmental models and their implications for classical models of closed-circuit anesthesia (2009)

Given a function that describes the uptake of a substance into the body with time, an analytical technique is described which transforms that function into a model of parallel first-order compartments that converges to the same uptake profile as the number of compartments is increased. The fitting of the compartmental model to the given uptake function is optimized to minimize the squared error. A necessary condition of the analytical method is that the uptake function be capable of being successively integrated at least as many times as the number of desired compartments. The uptake function should also be monotonically decreasing as all parallel first-order compartment models predict monotonically decreasing uptake. We applied this technique and ascertained the compartmental structure of the Severinghaus relationship, a longstanding observation in the field of clinical anesthesia that the uptake of nitrous oxide follows an inverse-square-root of time profile. The Severinghaus relationship is numerically poorly behaved at a time of zero elapsed minutes, predicting an instantaneously infinite uptake. Nevertheless, modeling of the first minute of anesthesia is necessary for characterizing the initial induction of anesthesia and methods of maintaining closed-circuit anesthesia such as the unit dose method. Using solely analytical methods, solutions for the compartmental properties of a mammillary model that matches the Severinghaus relationship for any expressed time interval are produced. These properties are compared to currently accepted values for the uptake of nitrous oxide. When matched to the Severinghaus relationship in the range of 0-100 min with a three-compartment model, we identified time constants of 0.28, 4.69 and 33.49 min with associated apparent volumes of 1.44, 2.14 and 7.97 l, respectively. The time constants in particular contrast to our earlier findings for the range of 1-100 min (1.46, 7.41 and 42.0 min). Our earlier findings were well matched to published time constants for tissues in classical pharmacokinetic models for volatile uptake. Consequently, we conclude that rigid adherence to the Severinghaus relationship from a time of zero minutes may lead to the over-administration of anesthetic agent due to an implicit mischaracterization of the relevant compartmental properties.
Abrogation of baboon natural xenoantibody to pig splenocytes by DL-penicillamine. (1994)

Natural xenoantibodies are believed to be IgM in nature and are known to play a critical role in the hyperacute rejection of distantly related xenografts. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the reducing agent DL-penicillamine could inactivate baboon natural xenoantibodies to pig splenocytes. Pooled baboon serum was treated with varying concentrations of DL-penicillamine over different lengths of time and a complement-mediated cytotoxicity assay was used to determine the reactivity of baboon natural xenoantibodies to pig splenocytes. A whole-cell ELISA assay was used to assess the binding of both IgG and IgM xenoantibodies to pig splenocytes. In addition, DL-penicillamine-treated serum was dialyzed to assess its potential clinical application. These in vitro experiments indicate that both IgM and IgG baboon natural xenoantibodies bind to pig splenocytes, but only IgM xenoantibody is cytotoxic. The binding of baboon natural IgM xenoantibody can be eliminated, and the cytotoxicity of IgM xenoantibody markedly reduced by DL-penicillamine treatment despite continued binding of IgG xenoantibody to pig splenocytes. In addition, DL-penicillamine can be dialyzed, suggesting that it may be an efficacious clinical treatment, the toxicity of which can be regulated with hemodialysis.
The asymptotic behaviour and a near linear time algorithm for isometry invariants of periodic sets (2020)

The fundamental model of a periodic structure is a periodic point set up to rigid motion or isometry. Our recent paper in SoCG 2021 defined isometry invariants (density functions), which are complete in general position and continuous under perturbations. This work introduces much faster isometry invariants (average minimum distances), which are also continuous and distinguish some sets that have identical density functions. We explicitly describe the asymptotic behaviour of the new invariants for a wide class of sets including non-periodic. The proposed near linear time algorithm processed a dataset of hundreds of thousands of real structures in a few hours on a modest desktop.
High Lift LPT Blade Suction Surface Flow Investigation Using Surface Stress Sensitive Film (2009)

This paper presents the first in a series of experiments using surface stress sensitive film (S3F) applied to a highly loaded low pressure turbine blade (L1A) developed at the United States Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL). This effort builds upon previous work that investigated the use of S3F in low speed flows below 7 m/s. The tests were carried out in a linear cascade facility in which the low speed flow environment along with a high degree of flow turning over the blades pushes the limits of the S3F technique. In this initial work, two different film thicknesses were applied to the blade suction surface in order to investigate the film sensitivity and determine a more precise region of interest for follow-on work. Flow visualization was used to evaluate the effect of the film on the suction surface flow. Data was acquired at Reynolds numbers of 6.0x10 4 and 2.5x10 4 . Shear displacement data acquired with S3F indicated regions of separated and attached flow. In addition, shear displacement was obtained at a Reynolds number of 2.5x10 4 in an unsteady flow environment created by a periodic wake generator. The S3F responded to the impingement of periodic wakes across the suction surface and S3F shows promise as an experimental tool for studying LP turbine blade unsteady flow characteristics.
On the spatial statistics of optical flow (2005)

We develop a method for learning the spatial statistics of optical flow fields from a novel training database. Training flow fields are constructed using range images of natural scenes and 3D camera motions recovered from handheld and car-mounted video sequences. A detailed analysis of optical flow statistics in natural scenes is presented and machine learning methods are developed to learn a Markov random field model of optical flow. The prior probability of a flow field is formulated as a field-of-experts model that captures the higher order spatial statistics in overlapping patches and is trained using contrastive divergence. This new optical flow prior is compared with previous robust priors and is incorporated into a recent, accurate algorithm for dense optical flow computation. Experiments with natural and synthetic sequences illustrate how the learned optical flow prior quantitatively improves flow accuracy and how it captures the rich spatial structure found in natural scene motion.
Particle filtering based identification for autonomous nonlinear ODE models**This work was supported by the project Probabilistic modeling of dynamical systems (Contract number: 621-2013-5524) funded by the Swedish Research Council. (*) are members of the LCCC Linnaeus Center and the ELLIIT Excellence Center at Lund University (2015)

This paper presents a new black-box algorithm for identification of a nonlinear autonomous system in stable periodic motion. The particle filtering based algorithm models the signal as the output of a continuous-time second order ordinary differential equation (ODE). The model is selected based on previous work which proves that a second order ODE is sufficient to model a wide class of nonlinear systems with periodic modes of motion, also systems that are described by higher order ODEs. Such systems are common in systems biology. The proposed algorithm is applied to data from the well-known Hodgkin-Huxley neuron model. This is a challenging problem since the Hodgkin-Huxley model is a fourth order model, but has a mode of oscillation in a second order subspace. The numerical experiments show that the proposed algorithm does indeed solve the problem.
Session details: Technical Session 1: Computer-aided Design (2015)

No abstract available.
Type-II Colloidal Quantum Wells: CdSe/CdTe Core/Crown Heteronanoplatelets (2015)

Solution-processed quantum wells, also known as colloidal nanoplatelets (NPLs), are emerging as promising materials for colloidal optoelectronics. In this work, we report the synthesis and characterization of CdSe/CdTe core/crown NPLs exhibiting a Type-II electronic structure and Type-II speci fic optical properties. Here, based on a core-seeded approach, the CdSe/CdTe core/crown NPLs were synthesized with well-controlled CdTe crown coatings. Uniform and epitaxial growth of CdTe crown region was verified by using structural characterization techniques including transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with quantitative EDX analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Also the optical properties were systematically studied in these Type-II NPLs that reveal strongly red-shifted photoluminescence (up to ∼150 nm) along with 2 orders of magnitude longer fluorescence lifetimes (up to 190 ns) compared to the Type-I NPLs owing to spatially indirect excitons at the Type-II interface between the CdSe core and the CdTe crown regions. Photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy confirms that this strongly red-shifted emission actually arises from the CdSe/CdTe NPLs. In addition, temperature-dependent time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy was performed to reveal the temperature-dependent fluorescence decay kinetics of the Type-II NPLs exhibiting interesting behavior. Also, water-soluble Type-II NPLs were achieved via ligand exchange of the CdSe/CdTe core/crown NPLs by using 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA), which allows for enhanced charge extraction efficiency owing to their shorter chain length and enables high quality film formation by layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly. With all of these appealing properties, the CdSe/CdTe core/crown heterostructures having Type-II electronic structure presented here are highly promising for light-harvesting applications. (Graph Presented). © 2015 American Chemical Society.
Multiview synthesis based on hole restoration using similar pattern distribution of disparity (2016)

This paper proposes a multiview synthesis method for autostereoscopic (glasses-free) 3D displays. When a plurality of predetermined viewpoint images is generated from a limited number of input images, background information obscured by a foreground object in the input images may be represented by a hole in a new viewpoint image. The proposed method can restore the hole in the image while leaving structural information in the background unchanged; this provides a visual naturalness between the restored hole region and the neighboring background region. To restore the hole, we calculate the similar pattern distribution (SPD) in the input images to estimate the image characteristics. This SPD is used as a referenced searching position during the hole inpainting process. In addition, the SPD is adaptively applied to each pixel in the hole, according to the hole's disparity. Using locally different SPDs instead of the entire SPD enhances the performance of the hole restoration process. Background priority exemplar-based inpainting is used to reconstruct the hole, not to propagate the foreground data to the hole area. Experimental results show that the proposed method can enhance the quality of multiview synthesis.
On-Line Hemodiafiltration: The Journey and the Vision (2011)

Foreword: Lipps, B. Preface: Ronco, C. Homage: Krick, G. From Technical to Clinical Research Historical Milestones of a Long Pathway: Roy, T. Polysulfone: The Development of a Membrane for Convective Therapies: Heilmann, K. Keller, T. The Machine and the Therapy Concept: Greenwood, R.N. Clinical Challenges and Technical Solutions Backfiltration: Past, Present and Future: Rangel, A.V. Kim, J.C. Kaushik, M. Gorzotto, F. Neri, M. Cruz, D.N. Ronco, C. Producing On-Line Ultrapure Dialysis Fluid: von Albertini, B. Membrane Requirements for High-Flux and Convective Therapies: Bowry, S.K. Regulatory Challenges of On-Line Hemodiafiltration: Pirovano, D. Facing Regulatory Challenges of On-Line Hemodiafiltration: Kummerle, W. The Clinical Appraisal of On-Line Hemodiafiltration The Membrane Permeability Outcome Study: Locatelli, F. Cavalli, A. Manzoni, C. Pontoriero, G. The Early Years of On-Line HDF: How Did It All Start? How Did We Get Here? Canaud, B. Evolution of the Concept of Biocompatibility and the Cardioprotective Effect of On-Line Hemodiafiltration: Ramirez, R. Martin-Malo, A. Aljama, P. On-Line Hemodiafiltration in the Large RISCAVID Study: Panichi, V. Tetta, C. Overcoming the Limitations of Post-Dilution On-Line Hemodiafiltration: Mixed Dilution Hemodiafiltration: Pedrini, L.A. Wiesen, G. Fifteen Years of Experience with On-Line Hemodiafiltration: Maduell, F. Adopting On-Line Hemodiafiltration as Standard Therapy in EMEA NephroCare Centers: Stopper, A. Scatizzi, L. Klinkner, G. Boccato, C. Grassmann, A. Marcelli, D. Utilization of Hemodiafiltration as Treatment Modality in Renal Replacement Therapy for End-Stage Renal Disease Patients - A Global Perspective: Sichart, J.-M. Moeller, S. Seeking an Optimal Renal Replacement Therapy for the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemic: The Case for On-Line Hemodiafiltration: Gatti, E. Ronco, C.
Exploiting Relevance Feedback in Knowledge Graph Search (2015)

The big data era is witnessing a prevalent shift of data from homogeneous to heterogeneous, from isolated to linked. Exemplar outcomes of this shift are a wide range of graph data such as information, social, and knowledge graphs. The unique characteristics of graph data are challenging traditional search techniques like SQL and keyword search. Graph query is emerging as a promising complementary search form. In this paper, we study how to improve graph query by relevance feedback. Specifically, we focus on knowledge graph query, and formulate the graph relevance feedback (GRF) problem. We propose a general GRF framework that is able to (1) tune the original ranking function based on user feedback and (2) further enrich the query itself by mining new features from user feedback. As a consequence, a query-specific ranking function is generated, which is better aligned with the user search intent. Given a newly learned ranking function based on user feedback, we further investigate whether we shall re-rank the existing answers, or choose to search from scratch. We propose a strategy to train a binary classifier to predict which action will be more beneficial for a given query. The GRF framework is applied to searching DBpedia with graph queries derived from YAGO and Wikipedia. Experiment results show that GRF can improve the mean average precision by 80% to 100%.
The nature of the synergistic actions between medicinally active constituents in sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L) (2008)

The levels of anthocyanins and other flavonoids, as well as melatonin in various sour cherry products (frozen and dried cherries, individually quick frozen (IQF) cherry powders and juice concentrates) from two cherry cultivars, namely, Montmorency and Balaton were comparatively analyzed by HPLC and Mass Spectrometry (MS) techniques. Our results show that the major anthocyanin compound in Balaton and Montmorency cherries is cyanidin 3-glucosylrutinoside, followed by cyanidin 3-rutinoside, cyanydin sophoroside, and peonidin 3-glucoside. The other major flavonoid compounds are quercetin and isorhamnetin rutinoside. All cherry products analyzed have substantial amounts of total anthocyanins and total phenolics.
Deep Learning-based Massive MIMO CSI Acquisition for 5G Evolution and 6G (2022)

Recently, inspired by successful applications in many fields, deep learning (DL) technologies for CSI acquisition have received considerable research interest from both academia and industry. Considering the practical feedback mechanism of 5th generation (5G) New radio (NR) networks, we propose two implementation schemes for artificial intelligence for CSI (AI4CSI), the DL-based receiver and end-to-end design, respectively. The proposed AI4CSI schemes were evaluated in 5G NR networks in terms of spectrum efficiency (SE), feedback overhead, and computational complexity, and compared with legacy schemes. To demonstrate whether these schemes can be used in real-life scenarios, both the modeled-based channel data and practically measured channels were used in our investigations. When DL-based CSI acquisition is applied to the receiver only, which has little air interface impact, it provides approximately 25\% SE gain at a moderate feedback overhead level. It is feasible to deploy it in current 5G networks during 5G evolutions. For the end-to-end DL-based CSI enhancements, the evaluations also demonstrated their additional performance gain on SE, which is 6% -- 26% compared with DL-based receivers and 33% -- 58% compared with legacy CSI schemes. Considering its large impact on air-interface design, it will be a candidate technology for 6th generation (6G) networks, in which an air interface designed by artificial intelligence can be used.
Efficient Binary Cnn For Medical Image Segmentation (2021)

In this work, we propose accurate binary Depthwise Separable Convolutional Neural Networks (DSCNNs) for medical image segmentation. The networks are binarized by learning the distribution of weights and activations, and by using parameter-free skip connections in their encoder and decoder structure. We design full precision DSCNNs based on a symmetric encoder-decoder, feature pyramid network with an asymmetric decoder, and spatial pyramid pooling with atrous convolutions strategies for image segmentation. The DSCNNs have 14 X and 8 X fewer number of model parameters and operations, respectively, than standard segmentation networks. The trained full precision DSCNNs are used as baselines to achieve accurate binary DSCNNs. The networks are trained on two medical ultrasound datasets, a public fetal skull dataset and a privileged bladder dataset. The accuracy of the binary DSCNNs are within a 3% drop from the full precision networks on both the medical datasets.
Solution and solid state studies on the binding of isomeric carboranes C2B10H12 by p-But-calix[5]arene (2006)

p-Bu(t)-calix[5]arene forms crystalline inclusion complexes with o- and m-carboranes in toluene or dichloromethane-hexane, but not with the p-isomer, the extended structures being based on 1 : 1 host-guest supermolecules, with the p-Bu(t)-substituents creating a snug fit for o- and m-carborane; p-carborane forms a highly hexane soluble complex, induced by grinding, which crystallizes as fibres. Solution phase studies showed the presence of a 1 : 1 host-guest stoichiometry with all three isomeric carboranes as determined from Job plots. The association constants for the o- and m-carborane complexes are 6.4 +/- 0.3 M(-1) and 3.8 +/- 0.1 M(-1) respectively, whereas the p-isomer is only weakly associated. Competition experiments involving all three isomers show rapid exchange on the NMR time scale, and no selectivity in solution is evident. Selective association involving the o- and m-isomers in the solid state is therefore remarkable, and it is a manifestation of crystal packing forces which embodies the differences in dipole moments of the carboranes.
Safe IKE Recovery (2009)

The Internet Key Exchange protocol version 2 (IKEv2) suffers from the
limitation of not having a means to quickly recover from a stale state
known as dangling Security Associations (SA's) where one side has
SA's that the corresponding party does not have anymore. This
Draft proposes to address the limitation by offering an immediate,
DoS-free recovery mechanism for IKE.
ChemInform Abstract: Iminyl Radicals: A Fresh Look at a Forgotten Species (and Some of Its Relatives) (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Anodic metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors (2016)

Metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitor is an important passive component in RF, analog and mixed signal (RF-AMS) circuits. It takes a large circuit area of integrated circuits (ICs) compared to other passive and active components. So miniaturization of MIM capacitors, along with transistors, has become essential in design and fabrication of future ICs. This has made a trend to design high capacitance density MIM capacitors with novel dielectric materials. In this regard, many works were carried out in fabrication of various nanostructured high-k dielectric MIM capacitors over the last decade. However, many of them suffered with structural defects, interface traps, and poor polarization process due to limitations of fabrication processes. The anodization process is an electrochemical oxidation of metals which had been demonstrated for the preparation of high-k dielectrics with improved crystalline properties, low structural defects, and improved ionic polarization. In this chapter, the fabrication and characterization of nanostructured anodic high-k MIM capacitors are presented. Many of these capacitors are meeting the requirements of International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductor with crystalline properties and improved ionic polarization.
Correction: Optical Imaging Technology: A Useful Tool to Identify Remission in Cushing Disease After Surgery (2019)

Correction to: Optical Imaging Technology: A Useful Tool to Identify Remission in Cushing Disease After SurgeryHorm Metab Res 2019; 51(02): 120-126DOI: 10.1055/a-0801-8917
Ultra-low power current-based PUF (2011)

In this paper, the first class of low power current-based physically unclonable functions (PUFs) is introduced. The new PUF circuit is able to convert the analog variations present in device leakage currents to a unique digital quantity at high speed and low power. Robust digital responses are achieved with the new architecture in presence of fluctuations in operational conditions such as temperature and supply voltage. The experimental results suggest 3% response error rate under extreme temperature variations from -55°C to 125°C and 20% fluctuations in supply voltage. The PUF consumes 150 μWatt for a duration of 250 ps per each response bit (37.5 femto joules of energy per response bit).