gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetic profile after multiple deltoid or gluteal intramuscular injections of paliperidone palmitate in patients with schizophrenia (2014)

Paliperidone palmitate (PP) is a once-monthly long-acting injectable antipsychotic approved for the treatment of schizophrenia in many countries. To evaluate the different injection-site options, we compared the pharmacokinetic profile of paliperidone after multiple injections of PP 100 mg eq. (156 mg of PP, equivalent to 100 mg of paliperidone) on days 1, 8, 36, and 64 into the deltoid (n = 24) or gluteal muscle (n = 25) in patients with schizophrenia. After four injections in the deltoid muscle, paliperidone exposure was higher for AUCτ and Cmax , compared with the gluteal muscle (geometric mean AUCτ -based ratio: 120% [90% CI: 93.1-154.7%], and geometric mean Cmax -based ratio: 130% [90% CI: 100.6-168.9%]). The mean [SD] fluctuation index was higher, with a larger interpatient variability, after deltoid-injections (75.9% [30.9%]) than gluteal-injections (58.5% [14.3%]). The median tmax was similar for both sites. PP was generally tolerable in patients, with more favorable local-site tolerability for gluteal-injection. In conclusion, to achieve therapeutic-concentrations quickly, the first-two injections of PP are best administered into the deltoid muscle, whereas thereafter maintenance-injections can be administered either in the deltoid or gluteal muscle.
Two-step Machine Learning Approach for Channel Estimation with Mixed Resolution RF Chains (2021)

Massive MIMO is one of the main features of 5G mobile radio systems. However, it often leads to high cost, size and power consumption. To overcome these issues, the use of constrained radio frequency (RF) frontends has been proposed, as well as novel precoders, e.g., a multi-antenna, greedy, iterative and quantized precoding algorithm (MAGIQ). Nevertheless, the best performance of MAGIQ assumes accurate channel knowledge per antenna element, for example, from uplink sounding reference signals. In this context, we propose an efficient uplink channel estimator by applying machine learning (ML) algorithms. In a first step a conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) predicts the radio channels from a limited set of full resolution RF chains to the rest of the low resolution RF chain antenna elements. A long-short term memory (LSTM) neural network extracts further phase information from the low resolution RF chain antenna elements. Our results indicate that our proposed ML approach is competitive with traditional Unitary Tensor-ESPRIT in scenarios with various closely spaced multipath components (MPCs).
Particle removal challenges of EUV patterned masks for the sub-22nm HP node (2010)

The particle removal efficiency (PRE) of cleaning processes diminishes whenever the minimum defect size for a specific technology node becomes smaller. For the sub-22 nm half-pitch (HP) node, it was demonstrated that exposure to high power megasonic up to 200 W/cm<sup>2</sup> did not damage 60 nm wide TaBN absorber lines corresponding to the 16 nm HP node on wafer. An ammonium hydroxide mixture and megasonics removes &ge;50 nm SiO<sub>2</sub> particles with a very high PRE. A sulfuric acid hydrogen peroxide mixture (SPM) in addition to ammonium hydroxide mixture (APM) and megasonic is required to remove &ge;28 nm SiO<sub>2</sub> particles with a high PRE. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOFSIMS) studies show that the presence of O<sub>2</sub> during a vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) (&lambda;=172 nm) surface conditioning step will result in both surface oxidation and Ru removal, which drastically reduce extreme ultraviolet (EUV) mask life time under multiple cleanings. New EUV mask cleaning processes show negligible or no EUV reflectivity loss and no increase in surface roughness after up to 15 cleaning cycles. Reviewing of defect with a high current density scanning electron microscope (SEM) drastically reduces PRE and deforms SiO<sub>2</sub> particles. 28 nm SiO<sub>2</sub> particles on EUV masks age very fast and will deform over time. Care must be taken when reviewing EUV mask defects by SEM. Potentially new particles should be identified to calibrate short wavelength inspection tools. Based on actinic image review, 50 nm SiO<sub>2</sub> particles on top of the EUV mask will be printed on the wafer.
Route Optimization for Proxy Mobile IPv6 (2007)

The IETF is specifying a protocol for network-based localized mobility
management, which takes basic operation for registration, tunnel
management and de-registration into account. This document specifies a
protocol for route optimization in networks, which support network-
based mobility management. The specified protocol focuses on efficient
set up and maintenance of a route optimized path between two mobile
nodes and suits complex mobility scenarios as well as networks with
multiple mobility anchors.
Frosttoleranz bei Pflanzen - Fliehen, vermeiden oder einfach durchhalten! (2005)

Nur etwa ein Drittel der Fläche des Planeten Erde ist dauerhaft frostfrei: in den tropischen Regenwaldgebieten des Amazonasbeckens, in Kongo, an der afrikanischen Westküste, auf dem Indomalayischen Archipel, in einem kleinen Teil Australiens und auf den pazifischen Inseln in Äquatornähe fällt die Temperatur nie unter etwa 15 Grad. Der Temperaturunterschied zwischen Tag und Nacht ist hier größer als der zwischen Sommer und Winter. Fast die Hälfte aller Pflanzenarten – 115.000 von 250.000 bekannten Blütenpflanzen – kommen nur hier vor. Daraus lässt sich bereits ablesen, dass der Umgang mit niedrigen Temperaturen eine Herausforderung für lebende Organismen ist, der sich nicht jeder stellen mag. Andererseits locken die kälteren Gegenden mit einem großen Flächen- und Mineralstoffangebot – einer Ressource, die für Pflanzen äußerst attraktiv ist.
Trimethylphosphine‐bis(benzyl)nickel: Synthesis and Characterization (2005)

Abstract The reaction of NiCl 2 (PMe 3 ) 2 with 2 equivs. of benzylmagnesium chloride in THF at −120 °C affords Ni(η 1 ‐CH 2 C 6 H 5 )(η 3 ‐CH 2 C 6 H 5 )PMe 3 . The formation of this thermally unstable compound is accompanied by bisbenzyl and Ni(0) side products. Single crystal X‐ray analysis confirms the presence of the η 1 ‐benzyl and η 3 ‐benzyl ligands. Reaction of Ni(η 1 ‐CH 2 C 6 H 5 )(η 3 ‐CH 2 C 6 H 5 )PMe 3 with 2‐(diphenylphosphino)benzoic acid and activation with B(C 6 F 5 ) 3 gave the expected product [2‐(diphenylphosphino)benzoate tris(pentafluorophenyl)borate‐κ 2 P,O](η 3 ‐benzyl)nickel.
Personalized Food Image Classifier Considering Time-Dependent and Item-Dependent Food Distribution (2019)

Since the development of food diaries could enable people to develop healthy eating habits, food image recognition is in high demand to reduce the effort in food recording. Previous studies have worked on this challenging domain with datasets having fixed numbers of samples and classes. However, in the real-world setting, it is impossible to include all of the foods in the database because the number of classes of foods is large and increases continually. In addition to that, inter-class similarity and intra-class diversity also bring difficulties to the recognition. In this paper, we solve these problems by using deep convolutional neural network features to build a personalized classifier which incrementally learns the user's data and adapts to the user's eating habit. As a result, we achieved the state-of-the-art accuracy of food image recognition by the personalization of 300 food records per user.
Supplementary Table 1 from CMVpp65 Vaccine Enhances the Antitumor Efficacy of Adoptively Transferred CD19-Redirected CMV-Specific T Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 1. Selection of CMV-specific T cells&lt;/p&gt;
Millimeter-wave coplanar structures on InP for electro-optic modulation applications (1997)

Microwave coplanar waveguide slow wave structures, suitable for traveling wave electro-optic modulators, were experimentally investigated up to 40 GHz. Velocity matching was achieved by introducing different capacitive elements between the signal and the ground electrodes of otherwise uniform coplanar waveguides (CPWs). Four different types of slow wave structures and uniform coplanar waveguides were designed and fabricated on both semi-insulating GaAs (SI- GaAs) and semi-insulating InP (SI-InP) substrates. The measured s-parameters were used to calculate the characteristic impedance, phase velocity, and microwave loss of these structures. The results are in close agreement with the design values and demonstrate an improved performance on SI-InP substrate.
Synthesis of the Cephalotaxus alkaloids (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of the Cephalotaxus alkaloidsSteven M. Weinreb and Martin F. SemmelhackCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1975, 8, 5, 158–164Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar50089a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ar50089a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views395Altmetric-Citations73LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Interaction of plasma lipoproteins with human platelets (1984)

Human plasma low density lipoproteins (LDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL) were radioiodinated and their interaction with washed human platelets was assessed. Both ligands were bound by the platelet at 37 degrees C, and an apparent equilibrium was attained within two hours. Minimal binding was observed at 22 degrees C or 4 degrees C. The specificity of these interactions was indicated by the observations that: (a) labeled and nonlabeled lipoproteins interacted with the platelet with the same apparent affinity; (b) nonlabeled lipoproteins inhibited binding, whereas unrelated plasma proteins did not; and (c) the platelet-bound ligands exhibited the appropriate apoprotein chain compositions when analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Binding of HDL and LDL was found to be independent of the state of platelet activation and did not require divalent ions. Binding of HDL to the platelet was saturable, and a class of sites that maximally bound 1,585 +/- 390 HDL particles, with a dissociation constant of 3.1 X 10(-8) mol/L, was identified. Binding of LDL to the platelet was more complex, but evidence for a class of sites that bound 7,075 +/- 4,800 LDL particles, with a dissociation constant of 4 X 10(-8) mol/L, was found. LDL was a poor inhibitor of 125I-HDL binding to the platelet, whereas HDL was an effective inhibitor of 125I-LDL binding. The capacity of HDL to bind or inhibit LDL binding was not dependent on its apoprotein E content. These results are most readily interpreted in terms of two types of lipoprotein interaction sites on platelets: (1) an HDL binding site that does not bind or interacts poorly with LDL, and (2) an LDL binding site that recognizes or is otherwise altered by HDL. The HDL site may be similar to the HDL receptor expressed by steroidogenic tissues in terms of apoprotein specificity. The LDL site is not the same as the LDL receptor of most extrahepatic cells.
Corner-, edge-, and facet-controlled growth of nanocrystals (2021)

The ability to precisely control nanocrystal (NC) shape and composition is useful in many fields, including catalysis and plasmonics. Seed-mediated strategies have proven effective for preparing a wide variety of structures, but a poor understanding of how to selectively grow corners, edges, and facets has limited the development of a general strategy to control structure evolution. Here, we report a universal synthetic strategy for directing the site-specific growth of anisotropic seeds to prepare a library of designer nanostructures. This strategy leverages nucleation energy barrier profiles and the chemical potential of the growth solution to control the site-specific growth of NCs into exotic shapes and compositions. This strategy can be used to not only control where growth occurs on anisotropic seeds but also control the exposed facets of the newly grown regions. NCs of many shapes are synthesized, including over 10 here-to-fore never reported NCs and, in principle, many others are possible.
Coulomb explosion and early plasma generation during femtosecond laser ablation of silicon at high laser fluence (2013)

In this paper, a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model is presented to investigate the femtosecond laser ablation of silicon in air. Fast electron/ion ejection and the resultant early stage plasma dynamics are studied at laser fluence much higher than the ablation threshold (above 10 J cm−2). It is revealed that the early plasma splits into two portions during its expansion, comprised of fast and slow particles, respectively. During the ablation process, ultra-fast ion ejection (before 0.2 ps) from the silicon surface appears to occur before thermal ejection starts. By investigating the ion expansion speed, electric field distribution, and velocity distribution of different ions, the occurrence of Coulomb explosion (CE) is demonstrated in the ablation of silicon at high laser fluence, due to the intense electron emission at the early stage. It leads to a fast ion ejection from the target surface, increasing the material removal rate at the early stage. In contrast, CE is absent in the ablation of copper, although a double-layer effect exists.
Extending Printing Color Gamut by Optimizing the Spectral Reflectance of Inks (2004)

A computer simulation was performed to investigate the optimum combinations of three- and four-chromatic inks in order to maximize the color gamut for halftone printing. A virtual printing model was created based on the Yule-Nielsen-spectral-Neugebauer equations and Kubelka-Munk turbid media theory and was used to predict the spectral reflectances and colorimetric coordinates of prints. In this manner, the spectral properties of a printer's entire color gamut were predicted from the spectral properties of ink and paper. A new method was developed to derive plausible ink spectral properties based on two Gaussian functions. The results showed that the optimum three-chromatic inks, as expected, were cyan, magenta and yellow. For four chromatic inks, several optimal results were found.
Novel bis((trimethylsilyl)benzamidinato)titanium(III) complexes. Preparation and crystal structures of {PhC[(Me3Si)N]2}2Ti(.mu.-Cl)2Li(TMEDA), {PhC[(Me3Si)N]2}2Ti(BH4), and {PhC[(Me3Si)N]2}2Ti(.eta.3-allyl) (1993)

The reactions of both TiCl2(TMEDA)2 and TiCl3(THF)3 with 2 equiv of PhC[(Me3Si)N]2Li(TMEDA) in THF formed forest green crystals of (PhC[(Me3Si)N]2}2Ti(mu-Cl)2Li(TMEDA) (1) in good yields. Further reaction of 1 in toluene with LiBH4 formed light brown crystals of {PhC[(Me3Si)N]2}2Ti(BH4) (2). While the reactions of 1 with several organolithium and -magnesium reagents invariably gave intractable residues, a thermally stable Ti(III)-allyl derivative, {PhC [(Me3Si)N] 2}2Ti(eta3-allyl) (4), was obtained in crystalline form from the reaction of 1 with (allyl)MgBr in THF. Crystal data for 1, 2, and 4 are as follows. 1: C32H62N6Si4Cl2TiLi, M = 768.97, triclinic P1BAR, a = 13.999(9) angstrom, b = 15.32(1) angstrom, c = 11.279(7) angstrom, alpha = 106.65(5)-degrees, beta = 96.87(6)-degrees, gamma = 80.43(6)-degrees, V = 2278(3) angstrom3, Z = 2, R = 0.072, R(w) = 0.058, GOF = 4.03, for 366 parameters and 3217 out of 6379 unique reflections. 2: C26H50N4Si4TiB, M = 589.76, triclinic, P1BAR, a = 12.957(6) angstrom, b = 13.252(5) angstrom, c = 11.468(4) angstrom, alpha = 102.24(3)-degrees, beta = 107.53(3)-degrees, gamma = 69.71(3)-degrees, V = 1748(1) angstrom3, Z = 2, R = 0.040, R(w) = 0.046, GOF = 1.53, for 326 parameters and 4604 out of 6156 unique reflections. 4: C29H51Si4TiN4, M = 615.99, triclinic, P1BAR, a = 11.894(3) angstrom, b = 15.316(5) angstrom, c = 10.928(2) angstrom, alpha = 101.59(2)-degrees, beta = 93.51(2)-degrees, gamma = 67.16(2)-degrees, V = 1796.8(9) angstrom3, Z = 2, R = 0.043, R(w) = 0.056, GOF = 2.35.
The relative proportion of comorbidities among rhinitis and rhinosinusitis patients and their impact on visit burden (2022)

Our results revealed a high relative proportion of NERD and other comorbidities, which affect the burden of outpatient visits and hence confirm the socioeconomic impact of upper airway diseases.
Effect of synthetic tachykinin analogues on airway microvascular leakage in rats and guinea‐pigs: evidence for the involvement of NK‐1 receptors (1991)

1. The NK-1 selective agonists [beta-Ala4, Sar9]SP-(4-11) sulphone and [pGlu6, Pro9]SP-(6-11) dose-dependently increased vascular permeability in various segments of rat and guinea-pig tracheo-bronchial region, while the NK-2 ([Nle10]NKA-(4-10) and [beta-Ala8]NKA-(4-10)) or NK-3 ([MePhe7]NKB and [MePhe7]NKB-(4-10)) selective agonists were inactive. These findings provide evidence that the inflammatory response of the airway to intravenous tachykinins is exclusively mediated by the NK-1 receptor subtype. 2. Plasma protein extravasation induced by capsaicin was more intense in the caudal segments of the rat airways and paralleled the tissue concentration of substance P-like and calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity. The response to capsaicin was greatly reduced in rats pretreated with high dose of the toxin (655 mumol kg-1 s.c., 3 weeks before) and was smallest in the airway regions where the depletion of neuropeptides had been more severe. 3. The depletion of transmitters from capsaicin-sensitive nerves did not affect the inflammatory response of the airway to serotonin (500 nmol kg-1 i.v.), while increased responsiveness to a threshold dose (0.37 nmol kg-1 i.v.) of [beta-Ala4, Sar9]SP-(4-11) sulphone was observed. This finding gives preliminary evidence that, after depletion of transmitters from capsaicin-sensitive nerves, upregulation of NK-1 receptors may develop in rat trachea.
Mechanisms of Cell and Tissue Injury Induced by Group A Streptococci: Relation to Poststreptococcal Sequelae (1972)

Journal Article Mechanisms of Cell and Tissue Injury Induced by Group A Streptococci: Relation to Poststreptococcal Sequelae Get access Isaac Ginsburg Isaac Ginsburg From the Laboratory for Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University-Alpha Omega Research and Postgraduate Center, Jerusalem, Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 126, Issue 3, September 1972, Pages 294–340, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/126.3.294 Published: 01 September 1972 Article history Received: 10 June 1971 Revision received: 15 March 1972 Published: 01 September 1972
Photoinactivation of Deinococcus radiodurans: An Unusual Gram-Positive Microorganism (1999)

Abstract— Deinococcus radiodurans is an extremely resistant bacteria to both the mutagenic and lethal effects of ionizing radiation. In the present study, we examined photoinactivation of D. radiodurans by two photosensitizers, the hydrophilic cationic 5, 10, 15, 20-tetra(4-N-methylpyridyl)porphine (TMPyP) and deuteroporphyrin (Dp), which is more hydrophobic. The effects of illumination with various lights at different wavelengths were also examined. Efficient photoinactivation was obtained when D. radiodurans cells were irradiated by blue light (400–450 nm) and treated with TMPyP at a concentration of 0.73 μM. Under these conditions the viability of the culture was found to be decreased by almost seven orders of magnitude after 2 min of treatment at an intensity of only 2 J/cm2. Treatment of the bacterial cells by TMPyP or Dp resulted in an efflux of potassium and magnesium from the cells as well as phosphate loss as a function of light dose. These results can be regarded as a consequence of membrane damage, because transmission electron microscopy revealed cell membrane damage shortly after exposure of the treated bacteria to light. In addition, asymmetric septation and filamentous chromosomal DNA were seen. It seems that the cytoplasmic membrane damage in this bacterial species plays a more important role than in other gram-positive or even gram-negative bacteria, rendering this radiation-resistant bacterium susceptible to photosensitization.
Capacity and performance of MIMO systems under the impact of feedback delay (2005)

Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems promise better performance and significant increases in channel capacity by utilizing the rich scattering environment to obtain diversity gain and spatial multiplexing. Maximum system capacity and performance can be achieved if the instantaneous channel state information (CSI) is known at both sides of the transmission link. In order to have such improvements, the CSI at both link ends must be updated timely. However, the updating process is always subject to non-ideality. We investigate the effect of delay in updating CSI on the MIMO spectral efficiency and performance with system capacity and BER as benchmarks.
Spoof plasmon radiation using sinusoidally modulated corrugated reactance surfaces (2016)

In this paper we theoretically investigate the feasibility of creating leaky wave antennas capable of converting spoof plasmons to radiating modes. Spoof plasmons are surface waves excited along metallic corrugated surfaces and they are considered the microwave and THz equivalent of optical surface plasmon polaritons. Given that a corrugated surface is essentially a reactance surface, the proposed design methodology relies on engineering a corrugated surface so that it exhibits a sinusoidally modulated reactance profile. Through such non-uniform periodic reactance surfaces, guided surface waves can efficiently couple into free-space radiating modes. This requires the development of a realistic methodology that effectively maps the necessary sinusoidal reactance variation to a sinusoidal variation corresponding to the depth of the grooves. Both planar and cylindrical corrugated surfaces are examined and it is numerically demonstrated that the corresponding sinusoidally modulated leaky wave structures can very efficiently convert guided spoof plasmons to radiating modes.