gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sparse coding of auditory features for machine hearing in interference (2011)

A key problem in using the output of an auditory model as the input to a machine-learning system in a machine-hearing application is to find a good feature-extraction layer. For systems such as PAMIR (passive-aggressive model for image retrieval) that work well with a large sparse feature vector, a conversion from auditory images to sparse features is needed. For audio-file ranking and retrieval from text queries, based on stabilized auditory images, we took a multi-scale approach, using vector quantization to choose one sparse feature in each of many overlapping regions of different scales, with the hope that in some regions the features for a sound would be stable even when other interfering sounds were present and affecting other regions. We recently extended our testing of this approach using sound mixtures, and found that the sparse-coded auditory-image features degrade less in interference than vector-quantized MFCC sparse features do. This initial success suggests that our hope of robustness in interference may indeed be realizable, via the general idea of sparse features that are localized in a domain where signal components tend to be localized or stable.
High speed mid-infrared Stark modulator for optical data transmission up to 10 Gbit.s-1 (2022)

Using the Stark effect in coupled InGas/AlInAs quantum wells, we demonstrate a mid-infrared broadband optoelectronic external modulator enabling 10 Gbit/s free space optical data-transmission in the second atmospheric window (9 µm) at room temperature.
A transgenic resource for conditional competitive inhibition of conserved Drosophila microRNAs (2015)

Although the impact of microRNAs (miRNAs) in development and disease is well established, understanding the function of individual miRNAs remains challenging. Development of competitive inhibitor molecules such as miRNA sponges has allowed the community to address individual miRNA function in vivo. However, the application of these loss-of-function strategies has been limited. Here we offer a comprehensive library of 141 conditional miRNA sponges targeting well-conserved miRNAs in Drosophila. Ubiquitous miRNA sponge delivery and consequent systemic miRNA inhibition uncovers a relatively small number of miRNA families underlying viability and gross morphogenesis, with false discovery rates in the 4-8% range. In contrast, tissue-specific silencing of muscle-enriched miRNAs reveals a surprisingly large number of novel miRNA contributions to the maintenance of adult indirect flight muscle structure and function. A strong correlation between miRNA abundance and physiological relevance is not observed, underscoring the importance of unbiased screens when assessing the contributions of miRNAs to complex biological processes.
The Open Lung Approach Improves Pulmonary Vascular Mechanics in an Experimental Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (2016)

In this experimental setting, positive end-expiratory pressure consistent with the open lung approach resulted in the best pulmonary vascular mechanics compared with higher or lower positive end-expiratory pressure settings.
Magnetic properties of self-assembled ferritin-core arrays (2006)

We studied the magnetic properties of a ferritin-core array, deposited on a Si wafer and encapsulated in silica. The array was formed by a simple evaporation-induced self-assembly mechanism of ferritin proteins, and it consists of 6 nm ferritin cores crystallized in a two-dimensional hexagonal lattice with a core-core distance of about 10.5 nm. Magnetization studies indicate that the array undergoes a magnetic transition around 210 K. Our small-angle neutron-scattering studies provide evidence that huge net magnetic moments are stabilized in each core and that long-range magnetic order between the core moments occurs in the array.
Eigen-selection approach for joint beamforming and space-frequency coding in MIMO-OFDM systems with spatial correlation feedback (2005)

This paper addresses the problem of joint optimization of transmit beamforming and space-frequency (SF) coding for MIMO-OFDM systems with spatial correlation feedback. This problem is challenging in the sense that the transmitter should be designed to beamform across multiple eigenspaces. The performance analysis for SF-coded MIMO-OFDM systems with beamforming is provided, and a general optimization problem for the beamforming design is formulated. Three suboptimal approaches to design the beamformer based on the derived design criteria are proposed. In terms of bit error rate, simulations show that improvement in the performance over SF coding without beamforming is about 3 dB for highly correlated channels.
Same Queries, Different Data: Can we Predict Query Performance? (2012)

We consider MapReduce workloads that are produced by analytics applications. In contrast to ad hoc query workloads, analytics applications are comprised of fixed data flows that are run over newly arriving data sets or on different portions of an existing data set. Examples of such workloads include document analysis/indexing, social media analytics, and ETL (Extract Transform Load). Motivated by these workloads, we propose a technique that predicts the runtime performance for a fixed set of queries running over varying input data sets. Our prediction technique splits each query into several segments where each segmentâs performance is estimated using machine learning models. These per-segment estimates are plugged into a global analytical model to predict the overall query runtime. Our approach uses minimal statistics about the input data sets (e.g., tuple size, cardinality), which are complemented with historical information about prior query executions (e.g., execution time). We analyze the accuracy of predictions for several segment granularities on both standard analytical benchmarks such as TPC-DS [17], and on several real workloads. We obtain less than 25% prediction errors for 90% of predictions.
Quantifying Anesthesia Exposure in Growing Rod Treatment for Early Onset Scoliosis (2016)

Level IV.
Passive acoustic thermo-tomography: development for cancer hyperthermia therapy (2003)

The objectives of this paper are (a) to describe a passive acoustic thermo-tomographic imaging method for volumetric maps of temperature distribution in living tissue for use in noninvasive control of tissue temperature during radiofrequency heating of tumor tissue, (b) to illustrate this method by computer simulation and in laboratory tests on phantoms.
Enhancement of circular polarization output in square patch microstrip antennas (2004)

FDTD simulations of the resonant modes in microsnip square patch antennas fed by one microstrip line were used to develop antenna designs with enhanced circular polarization (CP). Besides the conventional cut corner, the new designs include additional microstrip supporting the antenna symmetry with respect to the diagonal of the square patch. Analysis of the mode splitting phenomena in the antennas was used to find the optimal corner cut and the feed point location. Measurements of near- and far-fields, as well as axial ratio of the prototypes, confirmed the possibility to obtain with high quality CP in a wide frequency band for the designed antenna.
Dodecagonal Quasicrystalline Morphology in a Poly(styrene-b-isoprene-b-styrene-b-ethylene oxide) Tetrablock Terpolymer (2012)

A dodecagonal quasicrystalline (QC) morphology is identified in a poly(styrene-b-isoprene-b-styrene-b-ethylene oxide) (SISO) tetrablock terpolymer based on evidence provided by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), small-angle X-ray scattering, and dynamic mechanical spectroscopy measurements. The QC state occurs at temperatures between those associated with simple hexagonal order (HEX) and the σ-phase (P4(2)/mnm), T(HEX) < T(QC) < T(σ) < T(ODT), where T(ODT) is the order-disorder transition temperature. All three morphologies are formed from spherical domains containing an O core surrounded by a shell of S that screens unfavorable segment-segment interactions with an I-rich matrix. TEM analysis reveals a QC morphology with 12-fold rotational symmetry but devoid of long-range translational order, along with locally coordinated structures consistent with dodecagonal quasicrystalline approximants. The SISO molecular architecture decouples control over the domain shape and interdomain interactions, leading to a multiplicity of packing symmetries.
Coral‐bleaching responses to climate change across biological scales (2022)

The global impacts of climate change are evident in every marine ecosystem. On coral reefs, mass coral bleaching and mortality have emerged as ubiquitous responses to ocean warming, yet one of the greatest challenges of this epiphenomenon is linking information across scientific disciplines and spatial and temporal scales. Here we review some of the seminal and recent coral-bleaching discoveries from an ecological, physiological, and molecular perspective. We also evaluate which data and processes can improve predictive models and provide a conceptual framework that integrates measurements across biological scales. Taking an integrative approach across biological and spatial scales, using for example hierarchical models to estimate major coral-reef processes, will not only rapidly advance coral-reef science but will also provide necessary information to guide decision-making and conservation efforts. To conserve reefs, we encourage implementing mesoscale sanctuaries (thousands of km<sup>2</sup> ) that transcend national boundaries. Such networks of protected reefs will provide reef connectivity, through larval dispersal that transverse thermal environments, and genotypic repositories that may become essential units of selection for environmentally diverse locations. Together, multinational networks may be the best chance corals have to persist through climate change, while humanity struggles to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases to net zero.
Positional tolerance analysis and error correction of micro-UAV swarm based antenna arrays (2009)

The goal of this paper is to better understand the impact that positional tolerance errors has on an antenna array system. This paper also works to develop a methodology that can be used to reduce the impact this positional noise has on the performance of this antenna system. The noise models introduced in this paper show that sparse arrays are no more susceptible to noise than standard arrays as long as the tolerances are electrically similar. In addition, the paper shows that arrays with more elements are more robust to positional errors than smaller sized arrays.
Sunny and Dark Outside?! Improving Answer Consistency in VQA through\n Entailed Question Generation (2019)

While models for Visual Question Answering (VQA) have steadily improved over\nthe years, interacting with one quickly reveals that these models lack\nconsistency. For instance, if a model answers "red" to "What color is the\nballoon?", it might answer "no" if asked, "Is the balloon red?". These\nresponses violate simple notions of entailment and raise questions about how\neffectively VQA models ground language. In this work, we introduce a dataset,\nConVQA, and metrics that enable quantitative evaluation of consistency in VQA.\nFor a given observable fact in an image (e.g. the balloon's color), we generate\na set of logically consistent question-answer (QA) pairs (e.g. Is the balloon\nred?) and also collect a human-annotated set of common-sense based consistent\nQA pairs (e.g. Is the balloon the same color as tomato sauce?). Further, we\npropose a consistency-improving data augmentation module, a Consistency Teacher\nModule (CTM). CTM automatically generates entailed (or similar-intent)\nquestions for a source QA pair and fine-tunes the VQA model if the VQA's answer\nto the entailed question is consistent with the source QA pair. We demonstrate\nthat our CTM-based training improves the consistency of VQA models on the\nConVQA datasets and is a strong baseline for further research.\n
Rhodium(I)‐Catalyzed [2 + 2 + 1] Cycloadditions of 1,3‐Dienes, Alkenes, and CO. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Parameters governing biomass gasification (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTParameters governing biomass gasificationAli Tabatabaie-Raissi and George J. TrezekCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1987, 26, 2, 221–228Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00062a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00062a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views306Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Copper(II) Template Synthesis of a 20-Membered [1+1] Schiff Base Macrocycle and Nickel(II) Template Synthesis of a 40-Membered [2+2] Schiff Base Macrocycle from 2,6-Pyridinedicarboxaldehyde and 1,13-Diamino-4,7,10-trioxatridecane (1997)

Copper(II) and nickel(II) are effective template ions for the synthesis of the large, polyether Schiff base macrocyclic ligands in the complexes CuL4Cl(H2O)(PF6) and NiL5(PF6)2. These complexes show that large metal ion templates are not always required to produce large macrocycles.
Carrier-mediated electrodialysis (2011)

Supported liquid membranes containing valinomycin or a calix[4]arene carrier can support electrodialysis under an imposed transmembrane potential. Under optimal conditions both transmembrane flux and carrier-based cation selectivity are enhanced relative to simple dialysis mediated by the same carriers.
An extensible enterprise content management system with Service Component Architecture (2008)

Automation of document tracking and lifecycle management using content management systems is getting more and more momentum as large enterprises attempt to streamline business processes and improve productivity. Traditionally, these systems are built as monolithic, stand-alone applications that lack the dynamicity support and are difficult to scale and interoperate with other enterprise systems. In order to tackle these issues, a novel service-oriented approach is introduced for the implementation of a distributed enterprise content management system that is composed from a number of basic service components. These service components are designed based on service component architecture (SCA), and consist of a content repository service, a document workflow service, a document search service, a notification service, a security service, an execution log service, and an integration service. To ensure availability of application services, a runtime dependency model and a bootstrapping mechanism based on graph traversal algorithm are introduced. In this paper, the overall system architecture, the design of each service, the approach to assemble the services into higher-level composite services, and the component runtime dependency model are explained in details. A practical implementation shows that our design is able to support extensible on-demand management services and is capable to scale up for large enterprises without costly development efforts.
The server is dead, long live the server: Rise of Serverless Computing, Overview of Current State and Future Trends in Research and Industry (2019)

Serverless computing -- an emerging cloud-native paradigm for the deployment of applications and services -- represents an evolution in cloud application development, programming models, abstractions, and platforms. It promises a real pay-as-you-go billing (with millisecond granularity) with no waste of resources, and lowers the bar for developers by asking them to delegate all their operational complexity and scalability to the cloud provider. Delivering on these promises comes at the expense of restricting functionality. In this article we provide an overview of serverless computing, its evolution, general architecture, key characteristics and uses cases that made it an attractive option for application development. Based on discussions with academics and industry experts during a series of organized serverless computing workshops (WoSC), we also identify the technical challenges and open problems.
Application of Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction Methods to Gate Stacks of Advanced MOS Devices (2008)

We demonstrate two topics of the application of synchrotron X-ray diffraction methods to thin films used in gate stack structures. One is related to the structural change in the interfacial SiO2 layer between the high-k dielectric layer and the Si substrate. It is shown that O2 molecules dissociate into O atoms during diffusion through the HfO2 layer and these O atoms destroy the ordered SiO2 in the interfacial layer. The other is the characterization of strained Si wafers using a synchrotron X-ray microbeam diffraction and topography. The nonuniformity in micro- and centimeter scales is shown for the SiGe layer of the strained Si wafers.
Gene expression and splicing alterations analyzed by high throughput RNA sequencing of chronic lymphocytic leukemia specimens (2015)

The RNA-seq analysis of CLL specimens identifies novel DEG and alternatively spliced genes that are potential prognostic markers and therapeutic targets. High level of validation by qRT-PCR for a number of DEG genes supports the accuracy of this analysis. Global comparison of transcriptomes of B cells, IGVH non-mutated CLL (U-CLL) and mutated CLL specimens (M-CLL) with multidimensional scaling analysis was able to segregate CLL and B cell transcriptomes but the M-CLL and U-CLL transcriptomes were indistinguishable. The analysis of HTS RNA-seq data to identify alternative splicing events and other genetic abnormalities specific to CLL is an added advantage of RNA-seq that is not feasible with other genome wide analysis.
Dynamics of the large-scale return currents on auroral field lines. Memorandum report (1985)

Multimoment fluid plasma simulations have been performed to study the dynamics of auroral field lines in the presence of large-scale field-aligned return currents. The flux tube plasma has a rapid initial response to the onset of current. Electron velocity increases with the application of return current to the system. Electron temperature exhibits adiabatic cooling and temperature anisotropy but the electrons cool much more compared to their polar wind value. Only cold ionospheric electrons are considered in this simulation. The hydrogen ion drift velocity decreases and hydrogen ion temperature increases. The hydrogen ion temperature still exhibits the polar wind characteristics, i.e., the increase in temperature at the lower end of the tube, temperature anisotropy and adiabatic cooling.
Using Lamina Emergent Mechanisms to Develop Credit-Card-Sized Products (2011)

The compactness and portability of credit-card-sized products create a strong motivation for their development. This paper proposes that lamina emergent mechanisms (LEMs) provide a means for expanding the capabilities of credit-card-sized mechanisms. LEMs are a type of compliant mechanism that is fabricated from sheet goods with motion that emerges from the sheet. A review of the current state-of-the-art in credit-card-sized mechanisms reveals that there are two primary types of mechanisms most commonly used in this form factor: rigid-body mechanisms and in-plane compliant mechanisms. The challenges of each of these mechanism areas and the LEM advantage corresponding to each challenge are described. Criteria are developed for determining if a product is a suitable candidate for using LEM technology to create a credit-card-sized mechanism. The credit-card-sized LEM advantages and suitability criteria are illustrated through an example product—a compact lancing device that could be used as a main component for a more portable epinephrine syringe.
Best of the AUA Annual Meeting: Highlights From the 2011 American Urological Association Meeting, May 14-19, 2011, Washington, DC. (2011)

Over 2300 posters, abstracts, and videos were presented at the 2011 annual meeting of the American Urological Association (AUA), held this year in Washington, DC, from May 14 through 19. The editors of Reviews in Urology have culled the enormous volume of information from this premier source and present here the findings most relevant to the practicing urologist.
Importance of group X–secreted phospholipase A2 in allergen-induced airway inflammation and remodeling in a mouse asthma model (2007)

Arachidonic acid metabolites, the eicosanoids, are key mediators of allergen-induced airway inflammation and remodeling in asthma. The availability of free arachidonate in cells for subsequent eicosanoid biosynthesis is controlled by phospholipase A(2)s (PLA(2)s), most notably cytosolic PLA(2)-alpha. 10 secreted PLA(2)s (sPLA(2)s) have also been identified, but their function in eicosanoid generation is poorly understood. We investigated the role of group X sPLA(2) (sPLA(2)-X), the sPLA(2) with the highest in vitro cellular phospholipolysis activity, in acute and chronic mouse asthma models in vivo. The lungs of sPLA(2)-X(-/-) mice, compared with those of sPLA(2)-X(+/+) littermates, had significant reduction in ovalbumin-induced infiltration by CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells and eosinophils, goblet cell metaplasia, smooth muscle cell layer thickening, subepithelial fibrosis, and levels of T helper type 2 cell cytokines and eicosanoids. These data direct attention to sPLA(2)-X as a novel therapeutic target for asthma.