gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear refractive index of optical crystals (1989)

The nonlinear refractive indices (${n}_{2}$) of a large number of optical crystals have been measured at a wavelength near one micrometer with use of nearly degenerate three-wave mixing. The measurements are compared with the predictions of an empirical formula derived by Boling, Glass, and Owyoung. This formula, which relates ${n}_{2}$ to the linear refractive index and its dispersion, is shown to be accurate to within about 30% for materials with nonlinear indices ranging over 3 orders of magnitude. Measurements for a number of binary oxide and fluoride crystals have been analyzed under the assumption that the hyperpolarizability of the anion is much larger than that of the cation. It is found that the hyperpolarizability of oxygen varies by a factor of 10, and that of fluorine varies by a factor of 7, depending on the size of the coordinating cation. This behavior is similar to that of the linear polarizability, although the hyperpolarizability is much more sensitive than the linear polarizability to the identity of the cation. The measured halide ion hyperpolarizabilities for several alkali-halide crystals are in reasonable agreement with recent self-consistent calculations. A semiempirical model was proposed by Wilson and Curtis to account for the dependence of the linear anionic polarizability on the radius of the cation. This model also accounts quite well for the variation of the hyperpolarizability of both fluorine and oxygen, except for cation partners that have filled or unfilled d-electron shells. The nonlinear indices of a number of complex oxides (i.e., those with more than one cation) have been calculated from the partial hyperpolarizabilities deduced from the data for the binary oxides. The calculated and measured values of ${n}_{2}$ agree to within an average error of 13%.
Current trends in the development of synthetic materials for medical applications. (1992)

During the last 30 years, advances in material science have led to the development of a number of synthetic materials that have unique properties for medical applications. To date, most of these synthetic materials are nondegradable and accordingly have found limited applications. This article discusses synthetic biomaterials and explores their uses, suggesting that in future, implants will find more routine applications and that degradable implants will be refined, leading to wider applications.
Pulse excitation of micro-fluxgate sensors (2001)

Miniature fluxgate sensors with symmetrical closed core elements on both sides of the planar coils were manufactured using standard microtechnology. The new sensors have shown substantial improvement over the standard single-sided micro.-fluxgate sensors: for the same field range the sensor noise was reduced 10-times to 20 nT rms (20 mHz ... 10 Hz) and the perming suppressed below 5 /spl mu/T, for field shocks of 6 mT. The maximum sensitivity for sinewave excitation was 32 V//spl mu/T for 1 MHz frequency and 200 mA p-p excitation current amplitude. Pulse shape of the excitation current allows use of high current peaks to suppress perming, while the rms value is low. Using a 20% duty factor squarewave excitation with 180 mA p-p amplitude, the sensitivity was twice that of the sinewave excitation, while the chip temperature dropped from 80/spl deg/C to 40/spl deg/C.
Impact Printing (2021)

This article introduces the concept of Impact Printing, a new additive manufacturing (AM) method that aggregates malleable discrete elements (or soft particles) by a robotic shooting process. The bonding between the soft particles stems from the transformation of kinetic energy, gained during the acceleration phase, into plastic deformation upon impact. Hence, no additional binding material is needed between the soft particles; the cohesion and self-interlocking capacities of the material itself acts as the primary binding agent. Shooting, and consequent impacting, forces can be modulated and result in distinct compaction ratios. By linearly shooting material, we decouple the deposition apparatus from the produced parts and provide flexibility to the deposition process to potentially build in any directions or onto uncontrolled surfaces. Impact Printing produces parts with formal characteristics standing between brick laying-assembly of discrete building blocks-and 3D Printing-computer-controlled depositioning or solidifying of material. It brings forward a novel digital fabrication method and an alternative to the conventional continuous AM process. This article validates the Impact Printing approach with a series of prototypical experiments, conducted with a robotic fabrication setup consisting of a six-axis robotic arm mounted with a material shooting apparatus, that forms, orients, and projects the soft particles. We will explain and demonstrate its principles and define the fabrication parameters, such as shooting force, shooting distance, and the resulting aggregations' characteristics.
Impact of nuclear lattice relaxation on the excitation energy transfer along a chain ofπ-conjugated molecules (2010)

We have investigated the extent to which delocalization of the ground-state and excited-state wave functions of a $\ensuremath{\pi}$-conjugated molecule affects the excitation energy transfer (EET) between such molecules. Using femtosecond photoluminescence spectroscopy, we experimentally monitored the EET along well-defined supramolecular chains of extended conjugated molecules. Comparison with Monte Carlo simulations reveals that only a model incorporating a localized emitter and delocalized absorber wave function accurately reproduces these data. Our findings demonstrate that self-localization of the initially excited state, following fast relaxation of the nuclear lattice, has a significant impact on the EET dynamics in molecular assemblies.
Improving memory utilization in cache coherence directories (1993)

Efficiently maintaining cache coherence is a major problem in large-scale shared memory multiprocessors. Hardware directory coherence schemes have very high memory requirements, while software-directed schemes must rely on imprecise compile-time memory disambiguation. Recently proposed dynamically tagged directory schemes allocate pointers to blocks only as they are referenced, which significantly reduces their memory requirements, but they still allocate pointers to blocks that do not need them. The authors present two compiler optimizations that exploit the high-level sharing information available to the compiler to further reduce the size of a tagged directory by allocating pointers only when necessary. Trace-driven simulations are used to show that the performance of this combined hardware-software approach is comparable to other coherence schemes, but with significantly lower memory requirements. In addition, these simulations suggest that this approach is less sensitive to the quality of the memory disambiguation and interprocedural analysis performed by the compiler than software-only coherence schemes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
SiGe HBT technology with f/sub max//f/sub T/ = 350/300 GHz and gate delay below 3.3 ps (2005)

This work reports on SiGe HBT technology with f/sub max/ and f/sub T/ of 350 GHz and 300 GHz, respectively, and a gate delay below 3.3 ps. This is the highest reported speed for any Si-based transistor in terms of combined performance of f/sub max/ and f/sub T/ both of which exhibit 300 GHz and above. Associated BV/sub CEO/ and BV/sub CBO/ are measured to be 1.7 V and 5.6 V, respectively. The dependence of device performance on bias condition and device dimension has been investigated. Considerations regarding the extraction of such high f/sub max/ and f/sub T/ values are also discussed.
Bayesian cue combination: coupling of disparity-texture information compared to coupling of visual-haptic information (2010)

The combination of sensory cues is statistically optimal in several cases (Ernst & Banks, 2002; Alais & Burr, 2004) in the sense of reducing the variance of the resulting combined percept. Previously, these studies have assumed that sensory estimates are combined fully into a unified percept and access to single-cue estimates is lost. Here we examine a more general Bayesian view of cue combination, in which a “coupling prior” (Ernst, 2005) can probabilistically characterize both the potential for optimal improvements in perceptual accuracy as well as the possibility of partial cue combination. The variance of the coupling prior for two cues is presumably determined by their natural co-variation statistics and their degree of consistency over time. As the variance of the coupling between two cues increases, there should be greater access to single-cue information, less improvement in discriminability, and a faster rate of adaptation (see Burge, Girshick, Banks, VSS2007). We tested the first two predictions for each of two situations: disparity and texture slant cues and visual and haptic size cues. In one experiment, observers matched a two-cue conflict stimulus to a single-cue stimulus. We varied the single-cue reliability and the conflict magnitude between the cues. This allowed us to determine the extent to which the two cues were combined into a unified percept and thereby to estimate the variance of the coupling prior. In another experiment, we measured discrimination thresholds as observers matched a two-cue conflict stimulus to a two-cue, no-conflict stimulus under similar conditions. The extent of improvement in thresholds also yields a constraint on the coupling prior variance estimate. The results of both experiments suggested that the variance of the coupling prior is smaller for disparity and texture slant than for visual and haptic size.
PD-1 Blockade and TLR7 Activation Lack Therapeutic Benefit in Chronic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Macaques on Antiretroviral Therapy (2019)

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) limits human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) replication but does not eliminate the long-lived reservoir established shortly after viral acquisition. A successful HIV cure intervention necessitates either elimination or generation of long-term immune control of the persistent viral reservoir. Immune modulating strategies in conjunction with ART hold promise for achieving cure by inducing viral antigen expression and augmenting infected cell killing. Programmed death-1 (PD-1) blockade is a potential means to both activate and eliminate the latent reservoir by restoring exhausted T cell function. We assessed the therapeutic efficacy of PD-1 blockade, Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) activation with the agonist vesatolimod, or a combination of the two agents in chronically simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected macaques suppressed with ART for more than 2 years. Despite achieving extended anti-PD-1 antibody plasma exposure and TLR7-dependent immune activation after multiple administrations, neither individual treatment nor the combination resulted in changes to viral rebound kinetics following ART interruption or reduction in the SIV reservoir size. Our data in the context of other reports demonstrating improved viral control upon PD-1 blockade suggest that its therapeutic utility may be restricted to specific experimental conditions or treatment times during viral pathogenesis.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydroalumination of 3‐Butyn‐1‐ol: Application to a Stereoselective Synthesis of (3E,5Z)‐3,5‐Dodecadienyl Acetate, the Sex Pheromone of the Leaf Roller Moth. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Storage Duration and Other Measures of Quality of Red Blood Cells for Transfusion (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Determination of Pericyclic Photochemical Reaction Dynamics with Resonance Raman Spectroscopy (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of Pericyclic Photochemical Reaction Dynamics with Resonance Raman SpectroscopyPhilip J. Reid, Mary K. Lawless, Steven D. Wickham, and Richard A. MathiesCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 22, 5597–5606Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100073a004https://doi.org/10.1021/j100073a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views271Altmetric-Citations70LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Tubuloînterstitial Nephritis during the Heterologous Phase of Nephrotoxic Serum Nephritis (1991)

This study was designed to characterize the immunopathology of acute tubulointerstitial disease in nephrotoxic serum nephritis in nonsensitized rats. Groups of Lewis rats were studied at 12 time periods ranging from 10 min to 28 days after nephrotoxic serum injection. Nephritic rats developed interstitial nephritis during the acute heterologous phase of renal injury. Coincident with the focal deposition of nephrotoxic antibodies along tubular basement membranes at 24 h, an influx of polymorphonuclear cells and macrophages was evident. The most prominent infiltrate, present between days 3 and 7, was dominated by macrophages with smaller numbers of lymphocytes that were mainly cytotoxic T cells. Dual-labeling studies demonstrated the colocalization of linear tubular basement membrane deposits of the nephrotoxic antibody with focal clusters of interstitial lymphohemopoietic cells. Increased complement deposition was not evident along the tubular basement membranes; moreover, C3 depletion with cobra venom factor failed to attenuate the interstitial inflammation. During the late autologous phase of glomerulonephritis, tubular basement membrane deposits of rat IgG did not appear and the interstitial disease resolved. The results of this study demonstrate that the heterologous phase of nephrotoxic serum nephritis is an antibody-mediated disease directed against the basement membranes not only of the glomeruli but also of some tubules. Antibody deposition is followed by an acute influx of phagocytic cells to both regions of the kidney. These cells may play an important role in the genesis of acute interstitial injury and chronic interstitial fibrosis associated with antiglomerular basement membrane nephritis.
Wafer-level packaged RF-MEMS switches fabricated in a CMOS fab (2002)

Reports on wafer-level packaged RF-MEMS switches fabricated in a commercial CMOS fab. Switch fabrication is based on a metal surface micromachining process. A novel wafer-level packaging scheme is developed, whereby the switches are housed in on-chip sealed cavities using benzocyclobutene (BCB) as the bonding and sealing material. Measurements show that the influence of the wafer-level package on the RF performance can be made very small.
Structural studies of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) SH3 domain in complex with a peptide ligand: role of the anchor residue in ligand binding (2009)

Src homology 3 (SH3) domains are mediators of protein-protein interactions. They comprise approximately 60 amino acid residues and are found in many intracellular signaling proteins. Here, we present the crystal structure of the SH3 domain from phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) in complex with the 12-residue proline-rich peptide PD1R (HSKRPLPPLPSL). The crystal structure of the PI3K SH3-PD1R complex at a resolution of 1.7 A reveals type I ligand orientation of the bound peptide with an extended conformation where the central portion forms a left-handed type II polyproline (PPII) helix. The overall structure of the SH3 domain shows minimal changes on ligand binding. In addition, we also attempted crystallization with another peptide ligand (PD1) where the residue at anchor position P(-3) is a tyrosine. The crystals obtained did not contain the PD1 ligand; instead, the ligand binding site is partially occupied by residues Arg18 and Trp55 from the symmetry-related PI3K SH3 molecule. Considering these crystal structures of PI3K SH3 together with published reports, we provide a comparative analysis of protein-ligand interactions that has helped us identify the individual residues which play an important role in defining target specificity.
Strong identity of hepatits E virus strains isolated in human and animal between 208 and 2009 (2011)

National audience
Nonlinear Transform Coding (2020)

We review a class of methods that can be collected under the name nonlinear transform coding (NTC), which over the past few years have become competitive with the best linear transform codecs for images, and have superseded them in terms of rate--distortion performance under established perceptual quality metrics such as MS-SSIM. We assess the empirical rate--distortion performance of NTC with the help of simple example sources, for which the optimal performance of a vector quantizer is easier to estimate than with natural data sources. To this end, we introduce a novel variant of entropy-constrained vector quantization. We provide an analysis of various forms of stochastic optimization techniques for NTC models; review architectures of transforms based on artificial neural networks, as well as learned entropy models; and provide a direct comparison of a number of methods to parameterize the rate--distortion trade-off of nonlinear transforms, introducing a simplified one.
Hospital Readmission After Spine Fusion for AdultSpinal Deformity (2013)

Unplanned hospital readmissions after spine fusion for adult spinal deformity are common, and are most often due to surgical site infection. Patient medical comorbidities are an important part of assessing risk and can be used by providers and patients to better assess individual risk prior to treatment.
Characterization of fuel oil atomizers in industrial operation (2010)

This paper reports the methodology and main aspects considered to evaluate and optimize the design of an oil atomizer for industrial scale, from the operational conditions set up and spray characterization measurements reliability, to the impact for the particular application on oxy-combustion.
Automotive electronics: present state and future prospects (1995)

One of the challenging application domains of dependable real-time computer technology is the field of automotive electronics. In this paper we describe the characteristics of this exciting field, investigate the present state of the art of computer applications onboard vehicles and speculate about upcoming computer applications, such as intelligent cruise control, and vehicle dynamics control. These safety critical applications require very high reliability, while the maintenance effort should be minimal. In the final section of the paper we discuss the impact of the automotive electronics developments on other real-time applications.
Peroxidation of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Methyl Esters Catalyzed by N-Methyl Benzohydroxamic Acid:  A New and Convenient Method for Selective Synthesis of Hydroperoxides and Alcohols (2005)

A new catalytic system, based on N-methyl benzohydroxamic acid (NMBHA), was developed for the selective synthesis of lipid hydroperoxides and alcohols by aerobic oxidation of lipid precursors. The reactions were carried out under mild conditions with air at atmospheric pressure and 37 degrees C. The products were isolated in much better yields (50-60%) as compared to previously reported procedures. NMBHA can be recovered at the end of the reaction and recycled. The putative reactive intermediate, a nitroxyl radical, readily abstracts a hydrogen atom from polyunsaturated lipid precursors such as linoleate esters, and NMBHA itself is an excellent hydrogen atom donor, thus conferring high selectivity to oxidations catalyzed by this reagent.
Controlled Phase Separation in Poly(p-phenyleneethynylene) Thin Films and Its Relationship to Vapor-Sensing Properties (2019)

In this paper, we report the synthesis and mesoporous film formation of hydrophobic rodlike poly( p-phenyleneethynylene)s (PPEs) and present porosity-dependent quenching studies using 1,3,5-trinitrotoluene (TNT) vapors. Nonsolvent vapor-induced phase separation was used to induce pore formation during film casting, and the concentration of PPEs in the casting solution was controlled carefully to prevent excimer formation. We found that the structures of the sidechains of the PPEs strongly influence the range of relative humidity at which controlled pore generation occurs, which could be rationalized from interfacial energies calculated from contact angle measurements. Porosity of the PPE films resulted in increased efficiency of fluorescence quenching toward TNT vapors, which previously required very thin films (below 5 nm) for sensing applications. The control of the porous structure as well as film thickness constitutes a promising strategy for enhancing the efficiency of chemosensors and in more general applications requiring fine-tuned polymer-gas interactions.