gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) Abnormalities in a Cohort of HLTV-1 Associated Myelopathy/ Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP) Patients (P4.071) (2015)

OBJECTIVE: To determine prevalence of RNFL atrophy in visually asymptomatic patients with HAM/TSP. BACKGROUND: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurement of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macula shows promise as a biomarker of neurodegeneration in chronic neurological conditions including multiple sclerosis (MS) and Alzheimer disease. In these diseases, a strong link between chronic neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration has been suggested. In MS, OCT studies show progressive RNFL and macular atrophy even in patients with no history of optic neuritis. These changes are generally insidious, bilateral, and asymptomatic. HAM/TSP is a rare neuro-infectious and neuro-inflammatory disorder typically associated with slowly progressive spinal cord atrophy and disability. HAM/TSP patients without co-morbid HTLV-1-associated uveitis are most often visually asymptomatic, but it is not known if HTLV-1 affects the anterior visual pathways in the same manner that MS does. Such changes might be expected if chronic neuroinflammation is a contributing mechanism to neurodegeneration. DESIGN/METHODS: 8 HAM/TSP patients and 4 asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers were evaluated with OCT. RNFL thickness was obtained and compared with normative values. Results were correlated with EDSS and spinal cord cross-sectional area data from MRI. RESULTS: 100[percnt] of visually asymptomatic HAM/TSP patients and asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers had normal RNFL thickness measurements in at least one eye. 25[percnt] of each group had mildly abnormal RNFL or macular thickness measurements unilaterally. There was no correlation between RNFL or macular thinning and EDSS or spinal cord cross-sectional area. CONCLUSIONS: Bilateral RNFL atrophy was not found in our cohort of HAM/TSP patients. This is in stark contrast to findings in MS and suggests that chronic neuroinflammation does not universally lead to widespread neurodegeneration and that patterns of atrophy are more likely disease-specific. The unexpectedly high incidence of unilateral abnormalities may indicate subclinical ocular disease and warrants further investigation. Study Supported by: National Institues of Health
Limitations to first-order PMD compensation in WDM systems due to XPM-induced PSP changes (2002)

We show both numerically and experimentally that the nonlinear phase change due to cross-phase modulation (XPM) induces a bit-pattern-dependent change in the state-of-polarization that translates to uncertainty in the principal states of polarization (PSP). This effect severely limits the effectiveness of first-order polarization mode dispersion (PMD) post-compensation and suggests the use of in-line compensation.
PET F-18 WHOLE BODY BONE SCANS (1989)

Hawkins, R. A.; Guerrero, T. M.; Seager, L.; Hoffman, E. J.; Dahlbom, M.; Schiepers, C.; Eckhardt, J.; Phelps, M. E. Author Information
Efficient enumeration of 2D Euclidean distances (2008)

The computation of the Euclidean distance is an important aspect in many signal processing applications, especially those related to pattern classification systems and communication systems. Most communication systems compute the Euclidean distance between a given set of candidates (called objects) and a given vector (called a query). In this paper we present an algorithm for the computation of the Euclidean distance in a two dimensional space, which is suitable for VLSI implementation. The algorithm only computes the necessary distances, in contrast to current approaches, which rely on the availability of the distances of all candidates to the center. The advantages of the proposed algorithm over conventional ones are presented.
Expression of cDNA clones encoding the thymocyte antigens CD1a, b, c demonstrates a hierarchy of exclusion in fibroblasts. (1989)

The CD1 gene family encodes at least three proteins: CD1a, CD1b, and CD1c, which are coexpressed on cortical thymocytes and a number of T cell leukemias. On thymocytes, CD1a forms noncovalent complexes with CD1b and CD1c, and a disulfide-linked heterodimer with CD8. This report describes the isolation and characterization of cDNA clones encoding the CD1a, CD1b, and CD1c Ag. Cotransfection of the cDNA was used to investigate the formation of intermolecular heterodimers by CD1a with other members of the CD1 gene family and with CD8. No intermolecular heterodimers were observed during transient expression in COS cells. However, an exclusion hierarchy was observed between members of the CD1 gene family when two or more members of the family were cotransfected into COS cells.
MECHANICAL FIXATION OF UNICOMPARTMENTAL KNEE REPLACEMENTS (2012)

Laboratory experiments and computational models were used to predict bone-implant micromotion and bone strains induced by the cemented and cementless Biomet Oxford medial Unicompartmental Knee Replacement (UKR) tibial implants. Methods Ten fresh frozen cadaveric knees were implanted with cementless medial mobile UKRs, the tibias were separated and all the soft tissues were resected. Five strain gauge rosettes were attached to each tibia. Four Linear Transducers were used to measure the superior-inferior and transverse bone-implant micromotions. The cementless UKRs were assessed with 10 cycles of 1kN compressive load at 4 different bearing positions. The bone-constructs were re-assessed following cementation of the equivalent UKR. The cemented bone-implant constructs were also assessed for strain and micromotion under 10000 cycles of 10mm anterior-posterior bearing movement at 2Hz and 1kN load. The cadaveric specimens were scanned using Computed Tomography, and 3D computer models were developed using Finite Element method to predict strain and micromotion under various daily loads. Results and Discussion Results verify computer model predictions and show bone strain pattern differences, with cemented implants distributing the loads more evenly through the bone than cementless implants. Although cementless implants showed micromotions which were greater than computer predictions, the micromotions were as expected significantly greater than those of cemented implants. The computer models reveal that bone strains approach 70% of their failure limit at the posterior and anterior corners adjoining the sagittal and transverse cuts (less pronounced in cemented implants). The base of the keel also develops high strains which can approach failure depending on the amount the implant press-fit. The contributions of the anterior cruciate and patellar tendon forces exacerbate the strains in these regions. This may explain why fractures emanate from the base of the keel and the sagittal cut.
A 39GHz 64-Element Phased-Array CMOS Transceiver with Built-in Calibration for Large-Array 5G NR (2019)

The following topics are dealt with: CMOS integrated circuits; silicon-on-insulator; low noise amplifiers; low-power electronics; integrated circuit design; 5G mobile communication; Ge-Si alloys; radio receivers; millimetre wave integrated circuits; millimetre wave power amplifiers.
Towards a net-zero data center (2012)

A world consisting of billions of service-oriented client devices and thousands of data centers can deliver a diverse range of services, from social networking to management of our natural resources. However, these services must scale in order to meet the fundamental needs of society. To enable such scaling, the total cost of ownership of the data centers that host the services and comprise the vast majority of service delivery costs will need to be reduced. As energy drives the total cost of ownership of data centers, there is a need for a new paradigm in design and management of data centers that minimizes energy used across their lifetimes, from “cradle to cradle”. This tutorial article presents a blueprint for a “net-zero data center”: one that offsets any electricity used from the grid via adequate on-site power generation that gets fed back to the grid at a later time. We discuss how such a data center addresses the total cost of ownership, illustrating that contrary to the oft-held view of sustainability as “paying more to be green”, sustainable data centers—built on a framework that focuses on integrating supply and demand management from end-to-end—can concurrently lead to lowest cost and lowest environmental impact.
Nanoparticle Removal Using Laser Induced Plasma Shockwaves (2006)

Nano-scale substrate cleanliness is an essential requirement in variety of nanotechnology applications. Currently, the detachment and removal of sub-100nm particles is of a particular interest and challenge in semiconductor manufacture, lithography, and nanotechnology. The proposed particle removal technique based on pressure shock waves generated by a laser induced plasma (LIP) core is of interest in various nano/micro fabrication applications in which the minimum feature size has been reducing rapidly. Any removal technique adopted in a fabrication process must be on the same shrinking feature reduction curve since, for device reliability, the minimum tolerable foreign particle size on a substrate depends on the minimum feature size on a nano/micro-system or device. In recent years, we have demonstrated that nanoparticles can be detached and removed from substrates using LIP shock wavefronts. While we have experimentally established the effectiveness of the LIP technique for removing nanoparticles in the sub-100nm range, the removal mechanisms were not well-understood. In the current work, we introduce a set of novel removal mechanisms based on moment resistance of the particle-substrate bond and discuss their effectiveness and applicability in laser-induced plasma shock nanoparticle removal. To gain better understanding for the detachment mechanisms, the resultant force and rolling moment induced on the nanoparticle by the LIP shockwave front need to be determined. Since, for sub-100nm nanoparticles, the Knudsen number Kn exceeds 0.1, the applicability of the Navier-Stokes equations for the gas motion becomes questionable as the continuum assumption for the medium breaks down due to the invalidity of the transport terms in these equations. Detachment and detachment mechanisms of nanoparticles from flat surfaces subjected to shockwaves are investigated by employing molecular gas dynamic simulations using the direct simulation Monte Carlo method and experimental transient pressure data. Two new mechanisms for nanoparticle detachment based on rolling moment resistance of the adhesion bond and the elastic restitution effect are introduced. As a result of present simulations, it is computationally demonstrated that the pulsed laser-induced shockwaves can generate sufficient rolling moments to detach sub-100nm particles and initiate removal. The transient moment exerted on a 60nm polystyrene latex (PSL) particle on a silicon substrate are presented and discussed.
Weak Direct Current Accelerates Split-Thickness Graft Healing on Tangentially Excised Second-Degree Burns (1991)

We have examined the effects of direct current (DC) conducted through silver-nylon dressings on the healing time and morphologic maturation of split-thickness grafts placed on tangentially excised deep partial-thickness burn wounds. Male guinea pigs (n = 120) were used as the experimental hosts. The DC-treated animals required 2 days for complete revascularization of their grafts; control animals required 7 days (p less than 0.01). The DC-treated animals had increased epithelial proliferation at the graft-wound interface as compared with controls (p less than 0.01). Grafts from DC-treated animals were firmly adherent within 4 days, whereas graft adherence in controls was weak before 7 days after grafting. At 3 months after grafting, control animal grafts had mild contraction with moderate hair loss and thick subepidermal fibrosis; the grafts in DC-treated animals expanded with the growth of the animals and had abundant hair growth and significantly reduced dermal fibrosis (p less than 0.01).
Biodegradable polymers derived from natural fatty acids (1995)

Abstract A new class of polyanhydrides synthesized from nonlinear hydrophobic fatty acid esters, based on ricinoleic, maleic acid, and sebacic acid, possessed desired physico‐chemical and mechanical properties for use as drug carriers. The polymers were synthesized by melt condensation to yield film‐forming polymers with molecular weights exceeding 100,000. Their rate of elimination from rats in the course of about 2 months was faster than that found for similar polyanhydrides previously tested. In vitro studies showed that these polymers underwent rapid degradation in the first 10 days. The drug release followed first‐order kinetics, showing a rapid drug release rate in the first 10 days which correlated with the degradation of the polymers. The fatty acid ester monomers underwent in vitro enzymatic degradation to the natural starting acids. Tests in rats demonstrated their toxicological inertness and biodegradability. © 1995 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Homologous Recombination in Plants: An Antireview (2010)

Homologous recombination (HR) is a central cellular process involved in many aspects of genome maintenance such as DNA repair, replication, telomere maintenance, and meiotic chromosomal segregation. HR is highly conserved among eukaryotes, contributing to genome stability as well as to the generation of genetic diversity. It has been intensively studied, for almost a century, in plants and in other organisms. In this antireview, rather than reviewing existing knowledge, we wish to underline the many open questions in plant HR. We will discuss the following issues: how do we define homology and how the degree of homology affects HR? Are there any plant-specific HR qualities, how extensive is functional conservation and did HR proteins acquire new functions? How efficient is HR in plants and what are the cis and the trans factors that regulate it? Finally, we will give the prospects for enhancing the rates of gene targeting and meiotic HR for plant breeding purposes.
Standard Weights (Ws) for Striped Bass, White Bass, and Hybrid Striped Bass (1991)

We developed relationships between standard weight (Ws, g) and total length (TL, mm) for striped bass Morone saxatilis, white bass M. chrysops, and palmetto bass M. saxatilis ♀ × M. chrysops ♂ by use of the regression-line–percentile (RLP) technique. The proposed 75th-percentile-based Ws equations are: log10 Ws = −4.924 + 3.007 log10TL for striped bass; log10 Ws = −5.066 + 3.081 log10TL for white bass; and log10 Ws = −5.201 + 3.139 log10 TL for hybrid striped bass. These formulae produced distributions for individual and population-mean relative-weight (Wr) values similar to those observed for other species in earlier studies (Wr = 100·W / Ws). The previously defined target range for Wr encompassed reasonable proportions of striped bass, white bass, and hybrid striped bass in the present study. The 75th-percentile weights for centimeter classes provided log10weight-log10length relationships that may be characterized as better than average. There were no appreciable length-related trends observed for the proposed standards. We predicted confidence intervals for mean Wr of populations and specific length categories from individual populations in order to calculate the number of individuals needed to give a confidence interval of selected width. We observed no relationships between Wr and population-structure indices.
A novel human multiple myeloma-derived cell line, NCU-MM-1, carrying t(2;11)(q11;q23) and t(8;22)(q24;q11) chromosomal translocations with overexpression of c-Myc protein. (2000)

A novel cell line, designated as NCU-MM-1, was established from a 66-year-old female patient with multiple myeloma (MM) that had shown rapid progression from solitary plasmacytoma to plasma cell leukemia. Interestingly, cytogenetic analysis including fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis disclosed that this cell line carried 2 kinds of chromosomal translocations involving immunoglobulin light chain (IgL) gene loci without the presence of 14q32 translocations (14q+). The Ig lambda locus juxtaposed to the c-MYC locus at 8q24 on the derivative (8) chromosome and a concomitant overexpression of the c-Myc protein was observed. On the derivative (11) chromosome, the Ig kappa locus was also fused to the chromosome 11q23 locus, which is known to be a nonrandom translocation breakpoint in mature B-cell malignancies. The NCU-MM-1 cell line may thus be useful not only for the identification of the responsible proto-oncogene(s) mapped to 11q23, deregulated by the Ig kappa enhancer sequences, but also for clarification of the molecular origin of MM lacking 14q+ chromosomes because IgL rearrangements can physiologically begin to occur in the pre-B-cell stage.
News Curation Service using Semantic Graph Matching (2015)

In recent years, Curation Services that rec- ommend on the Internet to users are getting attention. In this paper, we propose a curation service that collects and recommends news articles that users feel by using semantic relationships between terms in the articles. We define interested as that users have curiosity and serendipity. The semantic relations between events terms are represented by Linked Data. We create News Articles Linked Data (candidates for recommendation to users) and User's preferences Linked Data (users' preferences). In order to recommend to users, we first search common subgraphs between two kinds of Linked Data. The experiment showed that the curiosity score is 3.30 (min:0, max:4), and the serendipity score is 2.93 in our approach, although a baseline method showed the curiosity score is 3.03, and the serendipity score is 2.79. Thus, we confirmed that our approach is more effective than the baseline method. Keywords-Semantic Relation; Linked Data; News Recommen- dation.
Long Noncoding RNA MALAT1 Controls Cell Cycle Progression by Regulating the Expression of Oncogenic Transcription Factor B-MYB (2013)

The long noncoding MALAT1 RNA is upregulated in cancer tissues and its elevated expression is associated with hyper-proliferation, but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. We demonstrate that MALAT1 levels are regulated during normal cell cycle progression. Genome-wide transcriptome analyses in normal human diploid fibroblasts reveal that MALAT1 modulates the expression of cell cycle genes and is required for G1/S and mitotic progression. Depletion of MALAT1 leads to activation of p53 and its target genes. The cell cycle defects observed in MALAT1-depleted cells are sensitive to p53 levels, indicating that p53 is a major downstream mediator of MALAT1 activity. Furthermore, MALAT1-depleted cells display reduced expression of B-MYB (Mybl2), an oncogenic transcription factor involved in G2/M progression, due to altered binding of splicing factors on B-MYB pre-mRNA and aberrant alternative splicing. In human cells, MALAT1 promotes cellular proliferation by modulating the expression and/or pre-mRNA processing of cell cycle-regulated transcription factors. These findings provide mechanistic insights on the role of MALAT1 in regulating cellular proliferation.
Resource discovery algorithms for channel aggregation in Cognitive Radio Networks (2013)

In Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) secondary users (SUs) are allowed to transmit data exploiting the wireless resources (i.e., channels) not utilized by licensed primary users (PUs). Efficient resource discovery for finding available channels is a key aspect for successful SUs' operation. In this paper we investigate and propose different algorithms to discover the best CRN channels that, exploited for transmission jointly as aggregate OFDM carriers, will maximize SUs' throughput. By using CRN channels statistics such as channel availability and link quality, together with current channel discovery results, SUs attempt to make the best choice at each decision point. This is choosing to continue the discovery process or stop and transmit using the aggregated resources found available so far. All the proposed algorithms run in polynomial time, which is a significant complexity reduction from the typical exponential order of optimal stopping rule algorithms. The simulation study confirms the validity of our algorithms in different CRN scenarios, comparing their throughput performance with the theoretically best achievable results.
Discussion: A review of some sampling and aggregation strategies for basic statistical process monitoring (I. M. Zwetsloot and W. H. Woodall) (2019)

This article refers to:A Review of Some Sampling and Aggregation Strategies for Basic Statistical Process Monitoring
Electric-Field-Controlled Diffraction in Photorefractive Strontium Barium Niobate (1992)

Photorefractive gratings stored in single-crystal strontium barium niobate (SBN) are shown to provide electrically controlled diffraction. The diffraction can be temporally modulated by applying a time-varying electric field along the c -axis. This effect arises as the result of large nonlinear electro-optic and dielectric effects near the diffuse ferroelectric phase transition, which is around 30°C for SBN:75 and 70°C for SBN:61. Measurements are provided for SBN:75 that verify a simple model of the field-dependent diffraction.
Overloaded Satellite Receiver Using SIC with Hybrid Beamforming and ML Detection (2014)

In this paper, a new receiver structure that is intended to detect the signals from multiple adjacent satellites in the presence of other interfering satellites is proposed. We tackle the worst case interference conditions, i.e., it is assumed that uncoded signals that fully overlap in frequency arrive at a multiple-element small-size parabolic antenna in a spatially correlated noise environment. The proposed successive interference cancellation (SIC) receiver, denoted by SIC Hy/ML, employs hybrid beamforming and disjoint maximum likelihood (ML) detection. Depending on the individual signals spatial position, the proposed SIC Hy/ML scheme takes advantage of two types of beamformers: a maximum ratio combining (MRC) beamformer and a compromised array response (CAR) beamformer. The performance of the proposed receiver is compared to an SIC receiver that uses only MRC beamforming scheme with ML detection for all signals, a joint ML detector, and a minimum mean square error detector. It is found that SIC Hy/ML outperforms the other schemes by a large margin.
A Versatile Wet-Chemical Method for Synthesis of One-Dimensional Ferric and Other Transition Metal Oxides (2006)

We developed a versatile method using alkylamines (octylamine and isobutylamine) as structure-directing agents for synthesis of various 1D transition metal oxides in aqueous solution. In this report, 1D iron and copper oxide precursors (for simplicity, we have denoted them as pre-Fe2O3 and pre-CuO) and ZnO were prepared. After calcination and reduction, the 1D nanostructure of pre-Fe2O3 can be easily converted to 1D α-Fe2O3 and 1D Fe3O4, successively. The aspect ratio of the 1D nanostructures increases with the reaction time. XRD, TEM, in situ TEM, and TGA were used to characterize the samples. Results showed that after calcination at temperatures higher than 300 °C, the as-prepared 1D pre-Fe2O3, which was polycrystalline, transformed into 1D single-crystalline α-Fe2O3. A mechanism of assembling and “packing” along a certain direction for the growth of the 1D nanostructure was confirmed.