gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance of LTE in a high-velocity environment (2014)

The performance of LTE at high velocities (larger than $100$ km/h) is badly understood. Operators have largely deployed LTE in urban environments where velocities are low and the benefits of LTE core features, for instance MIMO, are well demonstrated. With the proliferation of smartphones and tablets, mobile Internet access became ubiquitous and the pressure of rising traffic demands on operator infrastructures is increasing. Furthermore, mobile users now expect access to audio and HD video streams or IPTV while traveling in cars, public transports or intercity trains. Expectations evolve and high-quality connectivity is desired anywhere. To address these demands, operators are expanding their LTE deployments to semi-urban and rural areas of importance, typically along main transportation axes. However, it is unclear (1) how much LTE still benefits from MIMO spatial multiplexing or link adaptation at velocities above a few tens of kilometer per hours; and (2) how overall performance degrades with higher velocities. This paper presents results of a measurement study of a live LTE system at velocities up to $200$ km/h. The results show that while velocity has an effect on performance, its influence remains limited if the SNR coverage is well dimensioned. The percentage of spatial multiplexing usage can exceed 65% from $100$ to 200 km/h.
Use of Crop Growth Models with Whole‐Genome Prediction: Application to a Maize Multienvironment Trial (2016)

High throughput genotyping, phenotyping, and envirotyping applied within plant breeding multienvironment trials (METs) provide the data foundations for selection and tackling genotype × environment interactions (GEIs) through whole‐genome prediction (WGP). Crop growth models (CGM) can be used to enable predictions for yield and other traits for different genotypes and environments within a MET if genetic variation for the influential traits and their responses to environmental variation can be incorporated into the CGM framework. Furthermore, such CGMs can be integrated with WGP to enable whole‐genome prediction with crop growth models (CGM‐WGP) through use of computational methods such as approximate Bayesian computation. We previously used simulated data sets to demonstrate proof of concept for application of the CGM‐WGP methodology to plant breeding METs. Here the CGM‐WGP methodology is applied to an empirical maize ( Zea mays L.) drought MET data set to evaluate the steps involved in reduction to practice. Positive prediction accuracy was achieved for hybrid grain yield in two drought environments for a sample of doubled haploids (DHs) from a cross. This was achieved by including genetic variation for five component traits into the CGM to enable the CGM‐WGP methodology. The five component traits were a priori considered to be important for yield variation among the maize hybrids in the two target drought environments included in the MET. Here, we discuss lessons learned while applying the CGM‐WGP methodology to the empirical data set. We also identify areas for further research to improve prediction accuracy and to advance the CGM‐WGP for a broader range of situations relevant to plant breeding.
Deep Gamblers: Learning to Abstain with Portfolio Theory (2019)

We deal with the \textit{selective classification} problem (supervised-learning problem with a rejection option), where we want to achieve the best performance at a certain level of coverage of the data. We transform the original $m$-class classification problem to $(m+1)$-class where the $(m+1)$-th class represents the model abstaining from making a prediction due to disconfidence. Inspired by portfolio theory, we propose a loss function for the selective classification problem based on the doubling rate of gambling. Minimizing this loss function corresponds naturally to maximizing the return of a \textit{horse race}, where a player aims to balance between betting on an outcome (making a prediction) when confident and reserving one's winnings (abstaining) when not confident. This loss function allows us to train neural networks and characterize the disconfidence of prediction in an end-to-end fashion. In comparison with previous methods, our method requires almost no modification to the model inference algorithm or model architecture. Experiments show that our method can identify uncertainty in data points, and achieves strong results on SVHN and CIFAR10 at various coverages of the data.
UHF-UWB tag antenna for passive RFID applications (2013)

A small tag antenna for hybrid UHF-UWB RFID applications has been designed. This new antenna co-localizes a small UHF slot and a UWB monopole antenna on the same substrate layer. The whole design leads to a multi-port antenna system whose dimensions are smaller than a credit card size.
Pilot experience of multidisciplinary team discussion dedicated to inherited pulmonary fibrosis (2019)

Our experience shows that a dedicated geneMDD is feasible regardless of a patient's age and provides a unique opportunity to adapt patient management and therapy in this very rare condition.
A Comparative Study of Dummy Sensitivity to Seat Design Parameters (2007)

Whiplash injuries and their associated cervical symptoms are a critical problem resulting from rear impact motor vehicle collisions. Although the exact injury mechanisms remain elusive, recent biomechanical research has suggested that relative motion between the head and torso, or more precisely between adjacent vertebrae of the neck, may be the primary cause for such injuries. Currently available test dummies have limited biofidelity and functionality in the assessment of head restraint performance. The challenge to the automotive safety community is to select a dummy that can discriminate between seat designs with varying levels of performance in terms of their whiplash injury mitigation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the responses of various 50th-percentile male dummies, namely the BioRID II, Hybrid III, RID III, and THOR, under rear impact conditions to determine their sensitivities to seat design parameters believed to be critical to the mitigation of whiplash injuries. Seat and head restraint design features studied included seatback recliner stiffness, head restraint height, and head restraint backset. A variety of biomechanical measurements related to whiplash injury risk were used in the comparison of dummy responses, including relative head-to-torso extension rotations, extension moments measured in the lower neck, and tension and shear forces measured in the upper neck. Results indicated significant differences between the dummy responses and their sensitivities to critical seat design features. Sensitivity was also found to vary greatly depending on the specific dummy and injury measure selected.
Data from Vaccination with mRNA-Electroporated Dendritic Cells Induces Robust Tumor Antigen-Specific CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells Responses in Stage III and IV Melanoma Patients (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Electroporation of dendritic cells (DC) with mRNA encoding tumor-associated antigens (TAA) has multiple advantages compared to peptide loading. We investigated the immunologic and clinical responses to vaccination with mRNA-electroporated DC in stage III and IV melanoma patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental design:&lt;/b&gt; Twenty-six stage III HLA*02:01 melanoma patients scheduled for radical lymph node dissection (stage III) and 19 melanoma patients with irresectable locoregional or distant metastatic disease (referred to as stage IV) were included. Monocyte-derived DC, electroporated with mRNA encoding gp100 and tyrosinase, were pulsed with keyhole limpet hemocyanin and administered intranodally. TAA-specific T-cell responses were monitored in blood and skin-test infiltrating lymphocyte (SKIL) cultures.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Comparable numbers of vaccine-induced CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and/or CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; TAA-specific T-cell responses were detected in SKIL cultures; 17/26 stage III patients and 11/19 stage IV patients. Strikingly, in this population, TAA-specific CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells that recognize multiple epitopes and produce elevated levels of IFNγ upon antigenic challenge &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt;, were significantly more often observed in stage III patients; 15/17 versus 3/11 stage IV patients, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0033. In stage IV patients, one mixed and one partial response were documented. The presence or absence of IFNγ-producing TAA-specific CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells in stage IV patients was associated with marked difference in median overall survival of 24.1 months versus 11.0 months, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; Vaccination with mRNA-electroporated DC induces a broad repertoire of IFNγ producing TAA-specific CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell responses, particularly in stage III melanoma patients. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 18(19); 5460–70. ©2012 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Impact of realistic turbulence conditions on laser beam propagation (2004)

Methodology is presented using observations from a radar and new measurement system to address several fundamental turbulence issues related to laser beam propagation that impact high energy laser (HEL) and laser communication systems. The successful design and operation of these laser systems require high-fidelity realistic laser beam propagation models coupled with a thorough and comprehensive knowledge of the real turbulent atmosphere. To date, modeling and simulation of laser beam propagation through atmospheric turbulence have relied upon a traditional theoretical basis that assumes the existence of homogeneous, isotropic, stationary, and Kolmogorov turbulence. The approach and methodology is discussed to assess the impact of real atmospheric turbulence on laser beam propagation. Analysis will include effects of non-classical turbulence as well as inner (l<sub>o</sub>) and outer scale (L<sub>o</sub>) effects. Data will be obtained from a new measurement platform using a free-flying balloon that lifts a ring with a boom upon which are mounted fine wire (1&mu;m diameter) sensors to measure high-speed temperature and velocity fluctuations from which the turbulent quantities can be calculated including the refractive index structure parameter (C<sup>2</sup><sub>n</sub>) and the eddy dissipation rate (&epsilon;). The “ring” is actually 8-sided with a diameter of 30 feet and trails the balloon with several risers. This design eliminates contamination of the balloon wake that plagues conventional systems.
Protein Kinase A-Dependent Phosphorylation Modulates DNA-Binding Activity of Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 (1997)

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (HNF4), a liver-enriched transcription factor of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is critical for development and liver-specific gene expression. Here, we demonstrate that its DNA-binding activity is modulated posttranslationally by phosphorylation in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro. In vivo, HNF4 DNA-binding activity is reduced by fasting and by inducers of intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) accumulation. A consensus protein kinase A (PKA) phosphorylation site located within the A box of its DNA-binding domain has been identified, and its role in phosphorylation-dependent inhibition of HNF4 DNA-binding activity has been investigated. Mutants of HNF4 in which two potentially phosphorylatable serines have been replaced by either neutral or charged amino acids were able to bind DNA in vitro with affinity similar to that of the wild-type protein. However, phosphorylation by PKA strongly repressed the binding affinity of the wild-type factor but not that of HNF4 mutants. Accordingly, in transfection assays, expression vectors for the mutated HNF4 proteins activated transcription more efficiently than that for the wild-type protein-when cotransfected with the PKA catalytic subunit expression vector. Therefore, HNF4 is a direct target of PKA which might be involved in the transcriptional inhibition of liver genes by cAMP inducers.
Panoscopic materials: synthesis over ‘all’ length scales (2000)

For the latter half of the ‘Solid State 20th Century’ materials science has been the engine that propelled technology. As we enter the ‘Materials 21st Century’ it is abundantly clear that the insatiable demand for new materials for emerging technologies is driving materials synthesis and change. Materials chemistry will play a central role in this endeavor through the creation of materials with structures and properties able to meet the demands required by up-and-coming technologies. In this paper a far-sighted and innovative materials chemistry strategy is proposed. It takes solid state chemistry beyond fifty years of thermodynamic phases and microscale structures, to a new era of self-assembly chemistry focused on metastable phases and mesoscale structures, with accessible surfaces and well defined interfaces that determine function and utility. It is an interdisciplinary approach that combines synthesis, solid state architecture and functional hierarchy to create an innovative strategy for materials chemistry in the new millennium. The attractive feature of the approach is the ability to assemble complex structures rationally from modular components and integrate them into self-assembling constructions for a range of perceived applications. By creating a series of purposeful design strategies it is believed that truly revolutionary advances in materials science and technology can result from this approach.
GaN laser diodes for quantum sensors, clocks, systems and computing (2019)

Quantum technologies containing key GaN laser components will enable a new generation of precision sensors, optical atomic clocks and secure communication systems for many applications such as next generation navigation, gravity mapping and timing since the AlGaInN material system allows for laser diodes to be fabricated over a wide range of wavelengths from the u.v. to the visible.
P4‐263: The Anti‐inflammatory Drug Cni‐1493 Decreases The Toxic Amyloid Oligomers And Induces Neuro‐protective Effect In App Transgenic Mice (2009)

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by accumulation and aggregation of amyloid-beta (A-beta) peptides and intracellularly the tau protein, leads to irreversible neuronal loss. A-beta is derived from the amyloid precursor protein (APP) by subsequent cleavage by beta and gamma secretases. Recently, we have reported that the administration of CNI 1493, (a potent anti-inflammatory p38-MAP kinase inhibitor) helps in decreasing the A-beta burden in transgenic mice models and improves cognition. In this study, we examine effect of CNI 1493 over beta-amyloid in vivo and in vitro. In the in vivo experiments, we study the effect of CNI 1493 in two different APP transgenic mice model after 24hours treatment, checking the amyloid beta oligomers, soluble APP alpha and C-terminal APP fractions. Immunoblot, Histopathological analysis, and Light scattering experiments. CNI 1493 forms a transient complex with A-beta which destabilizes the SDS-stable oligomers to monomers in vitro. Transgenic mice treated with CNI 1493 for 24 hours showed increased sAPP-alpha in the CSF, a cleavage product of APP by Alpha-secretase action with a neuro-protective effect. Surprisingly, results obtained from brain lysates showed in CNI treated mice a marked decrease in the level of toxic soluble oligomers, such as 56*A-beta and trimeric A-beta. Additionally, we could show in comparison to control animals, increased amounts of C-terminal fragments of APP processing, such as C83, C99 and AICD in CNI treated APP-PS1 transgenic animals. In summary, our new data suggests that CNI 1493 leads to the rapid clearance of toxic A-beta oligomers in vivo and the CNI-induced upregulation of neuroprotective sAPP-alpha.
Propuesta para la enseñanza-aprendizaje del área de Comunicación en el nivel secundario (2016)

RESUMEN El presente ensayo analiza criticamente los planteamientos conceptuales y el enfoque del Ministerio de Educacion sobre la ensenanza - aprendizaje en el Area de Comunicacion, presentados en los documentos: Diseno curricular nacional de educacion basica regular y sus Guias metodologicas para el Area de Comunicacion; y se precisan los puntos de vista coincidentes y opuestos a tales propuestas. Se plantean percepciones propias de la ensenanza-aprendizaje del area de comunicacion, teniendo en cuenta las necesidades sociales de la escuela y los intereses educativos de los estudiantes, desde un enfoque que relaciona el desarrollo de competencias y el conocimiento sistematico de la comunicacion a traves de la teoria en la que debe basarse el area, como instrumento de reflexion, transformacion de la realidad y desarrollo de la inteligencia linguistica. Se propone trabajar el area a traves de seis competencias: comprension y expresion oral, comprension lectora, produccion de textos, comunicacion audiovisual, competencia literaria y competencia de comunicacion informatica. Palabras clave: Ministerio de Educacion, ensenanza-aprendizaje en comunicaciones, diseno curricular nacional, intereses educativos, desarrollo de competencias, inteligencia linguistica. ABSTRACT This essay analyzes critically the conceptual expositions and the approach of the Ministry of Education about teaching - learning in the communication area, presented in the documents: National curricular design of regular basic education and its Methodological guides for the communication area, stablishing both the coincident and opposed proposals. As a result of our analysis reflections, we established our own perceptions about the education-learning of the mentioned area, considering the social needs of the school and the educative interests of the students, from an approach that matching the development of competences and systematic knowledge of the communication through the corresponding theory on which the area must be supported, like instrument of reflection,transformation of the reality and the development of linguistic intelligence; and also, we outline that the communication area must be work with six competences: understanding and oral expression, reading understanding, text production, audio-visual communication, literary competence and computer science communication competence. Key words: Ministry of Education, teaching-learning in communications, national curricular design,educative interests, competences development, linguistic intelligence.
In vitroandin vivopharmacokinetic characterization of mavacamten, a first-in-class small molecule allosteric modulator of beta cardiac myosin (2018)

Mavacamten is a small molecule modulator of cardiac myosin designed as an orally administered drug for the treatment of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The current study objectives were to assess the preclinical pharmacokinetics of mavacamten for the prediction of human dosing and to establish the potential need for clinical pharmacokinetic studies characterizing drug-drug interaction potential. Mavacamten does not inhibit CYP enzymes, but at high concentrations relative to anticipated therapeutic concentrations induces CYP2B6 and CYP3A4 enzymes in vitro. Mavacamten showed high permeability and low efflux transport across Caco-2 cell membranes. In human hepatocytes, mavacamten was not a substrate for drug transporters OATP, OCT and NTCP. Mavacamten was determined to have minimal drug-drug interaction risk. In vitro mavacamten metabolite profiles included phase I- and phase II-mediated metabolism cross-species. Major pathways included aromatic hydroxylation (M1), aliphatic hydroxylation (M2); N-dealkylation (M6), and glucuronidation of the M1-metabolite (M4). Reaction phenotyping revealed CYPs 2C19 and 3A4/3A5 predominating. Mavacamten demonstrated low clearance, high volume of distribution, long terminal elimination half-life and excellent oral bioavailability cross-species. Simple four-species allometric scaling led to predicted plasma clearance, volume of distribution and half-life of 0.51 mL/min/kg, 9.5 L/kg and 9 days, respectively, in human.
Highly Efficient Rinse-Off/Leave-On Scalp Care Treatments to Reduce Moderate to Severe Dandruff (2013)

Background/Aim: Dandruff is a common scalp problem associated with flaky and inflamed skin. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of a shampoo containing piroctone olamine and climbazole and the combination of this shampoo with a scalp tonic containing piroctone olamine and licochalcone A, derived from Glycyrrhiza inflata root extract, to reduce dandruff. Study Design/Methods: After conditioning, 102 subjects (♂ 56 and 46 ♀) with moderate to very strong dandruff affection underwent a randomized half head study for 4 weeks. The volunteers’ heads were washed regularly either with a placebo or the anti-dandruff shampoo, followed by the anti-dandruff tonic application or no treatment. In a 2-week post-treatment phase, subjects only applied placebo shampoo. Every two weeks, trained experts assessed dandruff affection based on a scale of 1 to 6. At study start and after every 2 weeks, cytokine concentrations and anti-fungal activity of test products were determined in scalp wash-ups by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assays or a Malassezia colony-forming assay, respectively. Results: Results of expert grading and anti-fungal activity revealed a significant reduction in dandruff affection and Malassezia colony-forming units after treatment with the anti-dandruff shampoo or its combination with the tonic. Dandruff affection even remained reduced in the post-treatment phase when levels of Malassezia colony-forming units had returned to baseline. Cytokine analyses proved a significant decrease in pro-inflammatory dandruff markers after treatment with both anti-dandruff products. For the shampoo/tonic combination, a superior reduction of one scalp inflammatory marker was determined even after the post-treatment phase. Conclusion: Both the rinse-off shampoo as well as its combination with the leave-on tonic excellently alleviated dandruff and its associated micro-inflammation. Both treatments showed anti-fungal activity. The superior benefit, exerted by the combination, is primarily based on the known anti-inflammatory effect of licochalcone A and the improved scalp substantivity of the leave-on application.
High-energy, diode-pumped CPA based on Yb-doped materials (2009)

A novel pump source, generating 1 ps pulses with an envisaged pulse energy of 50 J and 10 Hz, is planned. Here we present our progress in the implementation of an existing diode-pumped Yb:YAG MOPA system as the first stages of the final PFS CPA pump laser. This CPA pump laser is seeded by a fraction of a Ti:Sa-oscillator which gets spectrally shifted in a photonic-crystal fiber. In the following zero-dispersion stretcher, a spatial light modulator (SLM) enables spectral amplitude shaping of the pulses and hence suppress the effect of gain narrowing in the subsequent Yb:YAG amplifiers.