gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rücktitelbild: Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Tandem Defunctionalization of Biorenewable Ferulic acid and Derivates into Bio‐Catechol (Angew. Chem. 8/2020) (2019)

Mineralsäuren in heißem Wasser unter Druck können aromatische Bioraffinerieprodukte desalkylieren, wie B. U. W. Maes et al. in ihrer Zuschrift auf S. 3087 schildern. Ferulinsäure aus Reiskleie, ein Abfallprodukt der Agrarindustrie, kann in Biocatechol überführt werden. Petrochemisches Catechol findet Anwendung bei der Produktion von Agrochemikalien, Pharmazeutika, Geschmacksstoffen, Duftstoffen und Polymeren und ist somit von großer Bedeutung für die moderne Gesellschaft. Cover: Joris Snaet.
Coherent superresolution imaging via grating-based illumination (2016)

This paper describes two superresolution coherent imaging techniques, which both use a diffraction grating to direct high spatial frequency information that would otherwise be lost through the imaging system pupil. The techniques employ digital holography to measure the optical field in the image plane and rely on capturing multiple holograms with the illumination condition altered between exposures. In one case, we used linear signal processing to separate aliased spectral regions, while in the second case we directly measured spectral regions without aliasing. In both cases, we stitched together higher-bandwidth synthetic aperture spectra and used them to reconstruct superresolution images. Our experimental results validated the approaches, demonstrating a resolution gain factor of approximately 2.5.
Design space exploration for efficient computing in Solid State drives with the Storage Processing Unit (2015)

Computer architects face two major challenges in building future exa-scale systems: high energy consumption and the increasing gap between processor and storage speeds. Moving the processing closer to the data, inside the persistent storage, will help mitigate these challenges. This will result in a hierarchical compute structure across the system with a major component of the processing hierarchy inside the Solid State Drive. This new architecture is called the Storage Processing Unit. We perform design space exploration and propose several optimizations to the application space and the architectural space. This research significantly improves the energy use and performance of the system. We observe energy savings from 11 - 423X and performance gains from 4 - 66X for applications including k-means, Sparse BLAS, and others.
System biology analysis reveals the role of voltage‐dependent anion channel in mitochondrial dysfunction during non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease progression into hepatocellular carcinoma (2020)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the underlying mechanisms behind the correlation of NAFLD with HCC are unclear. We aimed to uncover the genes and potential mechanisms that drive this progression. This study uncovered the genes and potential mechanisms through a multiple 'omics integration approach. Quantitative proteomics combined with phenotype-association analysis was performed. To investigate the potential mechanisms, a comprehensive transcriptome/lipidome/phenome-wide association analysis was performed in genetic reference panel BXD mice strains. The quantitative proteomics combined with phenotype-association results showed that VDAC1 was significantly increased in tumor tissues and correlated with NAFLD-related traits. Gene co-expression network analysis indicated that VDAC1 is involved in mitochondria dysfunction in the tumorigenic/tumor progression. The association between VDAC1 and mitochondria dysfunction can be explained by the fact that VDAC1 was associated with mitochondria membrane lipids cardiolipin (CL) composition shift. VDAC1 was correlated with the suppression of mature specie CL(LLLL) and elevation level of nascent CL species. Such profiling shift was supported by the significant positive correlation between VDAC1 and PTPMT1, as well as negative correlation with CL remodeling enzyme Tafazzin (TAZ). This study confirmed that the expression of VADC1 was dysregulated in NAFLD-driven HCC and associated with NAFLD progression. The VDAC1-driven mitochondria dysfunction is associated with cardiolipin composition shift, which causes alteration of mitochondria membrane properties.
The Effects of L-Dopa on inVitroandin VivoCalcitonin Release from Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma* (1979)

The in vivo and in vitro effects of the dopamine precursor L-dopa on basal and stimulated calcitonin release from medullary thyroid carcinoma have been studied. In six studies of five patients, including 7- to 8-h control and test periods, oral L-dopa depressed basal calcitonin secretion by an average of 35%; the peak effects occurred within 30 min of drug administration and lasted for as long as 4 h. In seven of eight patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma (three infused with calcium and five with pentagastrin), L-dopa inhibited to varying degrees peak levels of stimulated calcitonin release and total calcitonin secretion; basal calcitonin levels, where directly tested, also again generally fell after L-dopa by an average of 50%. In a short term organ culture system using medullary thyroid carcinoma tissues, calcitonin secretion into the medium was linear with time for 2 h and could be stimulated by dibutyryl cAMP and pentagastrin. L-Dopa, in concentrations from 0.5-3.0 mM, inhibited basal calcitonin secretion (ranging from 25-55%). Addition of the L-dopa decarboxylase inhibitor, α-methyldopa, abolished the inhibitory effects of L-dopa. Another L-dopa decarboxylase inhibitor, carbidopa, stimulated calcitonin secretion in vitro; this effect may be independent of the L-dopa decarboxylase-inhibiting properties of this drug since α-methyldopa alone did not stimulate calcitonin secretion. It is concluded that the amine precursor L-dopa inhibits calcitonin release in patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma; the in vitro studies suggest that a portion of this effect may involve direct metabolism of L-dopa to dopamine in the tumor tissue itself. The importance of considering the uptake of amine precursors and the subsequent metabolism of these compounds as a modulating site for peptide hormone release from peripheral endocrine tissues is stressed. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab48: 408,1979)
Synchronization of a renewable energy inverter with the grid (2012)

The design, mathematical analysis, and testing results of the architecture of a new all-digital phase-locked loop system for synchronizing a voltage source DC-AC single-phase inverter with the low voltage utility grid are presented. The system which is based on the time-delay digital tanlock loop was simulated using matlab/simulink and was tested by subjecting the grid voltage to various perturbations similar to those which can occur in a real power system, such as voltage sags and nonlinear distortion of the grid voltage waveform. Results indicate that even in the presence of such perturbations the system achieved and/or re-gained synchronization within 100 ms. The proposed system is all-digital and can be readily implemented using a field programmable gate array and easily embedded into a power inverter.
Efficient Single‐Layer Polymer Light‐Emitting Diodes (2010)

Single-layer polymer light-emitting diodes are fabricated using poly (9,9′-dioctylfluorene)-co- benzothiadiazole (F8BT) as the emissive layer in contact with metal oxide injection layers ITO/ZnO/Cs2CO3/F8BT/MoO3/Au. Luminous efficiencies of up to 23 cd A−1 are achieved for polymer layer thicknesses near 1 μm.
Equilibrium Selection in Multi-Player Games with Auction Applications (2014)

We introduce two new equilibrium refinements for finite normal form games, both of which incorporate the intuitive idea that a costless deviation by one player is more likely than a costly deviation by the same or another player. These refinements lead to new restrictions in games with three or more players and select interesting equilibria in some well-known auction games. 1
Are We Barking Up the Wrong Tree? Rise in Serum Creatinine and Heart Failure (2019)

A significant subset of patients with heart failure (HF) experience small to moderate rise in serum creatinine (RSC) in the setting of otherwise beneficial therapies such as aggressive diuresis or renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibition. Accumulating data suggest that RSC in this setting is dissimilar from conventional causes of renal insult in that it has a negligible impact on the outcomes. There is also emerging evidence on the lack of association between biomarkers of renal injury and RSC in the setting of aggressive diuresis. A similar pattern has been observed in recent hypertension trials where the RSC in patients with intensive blood pressure control has not been associated with biomarker evidence of renal injury or adverse outcomes. Based on these findings, RSC, rather than acute kidney injury, appears to be the preferred terminology in HF (and possibly in hypertension) because of its purely descriptive nature that lacks any potentially inaccurate implication of mechanistic or prognostic reference. From a pragmatic viewpoint, we believe that small to moderate RSC is to be anticipated and tolerated with RAAS inhibition and/or aggressive diuresis in acute or chronic HF and should not prompt discontinuation of the therapy unless complications such as hypotension and severe hyperkalemia develop.
Syntheses of Water‐Soluble Phosphines and their Transition Metal Complexes (1998)

This chapter contains sections titled: Disodium Salt of 3,3′-Phenylphosphinediylbenzenesulfic Acid(TPPDS) Trisodium Salt of 3,3′3″-Phosphinetriylbenzenesulfonic Acid (TPPDS) Octasodium Salt of 2,2′-bis[methyl(sulfophenyl)phosphinediyl]-1,1′-binaphthaline-4,4′,7,7′-octasulfonic acid (BINAS-8) Disodium Salt of 5H-1-(3′-sulfophenyl)-dibenzophosphol-4-sulfonic Acid Hexasodium-hexacarbonyl-bis[3,3′,3″-phosphinetriylbensenesulfonato]dicobaltatehexahydrate,Co2(Co)(TPPTS)2.6H2O Nonasodium-carbonyl-hydrido-tris(3,3′,3″-phosphinetriylbenzenesulfonato)cobaltate-nonahydrate, HCo(CO)6(TPPTS)3.9H2O Nonasodium-chloro-tris(3,3′,3″-phosphinetriylbenzenesulfonato)rhodium-nanhydrate,RhCl(TPPTS)3.9H2O Nonasodium-tris[3,3,′3″-phosphinetriylbenzenesulfonato]-palladium-nonahydrate,Pd(TPPTS)3.9H2O Nonasodium-tris(3,3′,3″-phosphinietriylbenzenesulfonato)-nickel-nonahydrate,Ni(TPPTS)3.9H2O
32-core Dense SDM Unidirectional Transmission of PDM-16QAM Signals Over 1600 km Using Crosstalk-managed Single-mode Heterogeneous Multicore Transmission Line (2016)

We demonstrate 32-core dense space-division multiplexed (DSDM) unidirectional transmission of PDM-16QAM 20-WDM signals over 1644.8 km employing a low-crosstalk single-mode heterogeneous 32-core fiber in a partial recirculating-loop system.
Comparison of microprobe two-step laser desorption/laser ionization mass spectrometry and gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry studies of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ancient terrestrial rocks (2001)

Microprobe two-step laser desorption/laser ionization mass spectrometry (μL2MS) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) were used to analyze polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in ancient terrestrial rocks. μL2MS provides an in situ analysis of very small samples, records the PAHs with no isomer information, and gives quantitative data on the degree of alkylation of a given PAH series over the complete mass range. GC/MS provides isomer separation and quantitation of PAHs in bitumen but not kerogen, and is limited by sample size. Combination of these techniques allows analysis of very small samples by μL2MS with GC/MS confirmation of isomer distributions of the solvent extractable components (bitumen). It was found that the concentration of bitumen within the rock samples affects the PAH alkylation signal for μL2MS. At low bitumen concentrations μL2MS can produce pyrolysis products from kerogen that is present; however, as bitumen concentrations increase, the PAH distribution from bitumen dominates the signal.
LDPC-RS two dimensional code for the next generation cloud transmission system (2014)

This paper proposes a two dimensional (2D) code, which has vertical raptor-like rate-compatible LDPC code and horizontal Reed Solomon (RS) code, for the terrestrial CTxn system. The proposed 2D code not only removes error-floor phenomenon with a help of RS code, but also does not require a complex interleaver for stable reception under fading channels because the 2D code itself provides block-type interleaver.
Stimuli-Responsive Cucurbit[n]uril-Based Supramolecular Nanocarriers for Delivery of Chemotherapeutics (2023)

Chemotherapeutics commonly exhibit low bioavailability and systemic adverse effects. Supramolecular nanovesicles, such as pillar[n]arenes, calix[n]arenes, cucurbit[n]urils (CBs), and cyclodextrins, have been introduced as promising nanocarriers due to their remarkable encapsulation capacity and ability to host hydro-philic/-phobic guest molecules. Additionally, such nanovesicles can be decorated with various stimuli-responsive entities to enable drug targeting and controlled drug release. Self-assembly of amphiphilic cavitands and host–guest complexation represent the two common approaches for preparation of supramolecular nanovesicles with customizable surfaces capable of accommodating different biologically active guest molecules. CBs have been used as smart and multifunctional host macromolecules in cancer therapy. CBs are fabricated via a condensation reaction between formaldehyde and glycoluril units generating barrel-shaped supramolecules with partially enclosed cavities. The unique structure of CBs surrounding an internal hydrophobic cavity allows them to accommodate cationic and neutral guest molecules via ion-dipole and hydrophobic interactions, respectively. Additionally, CBs are stable, safe, and biocompatible, and their surfaces can be decorated with various functional targeting moieties. These advantages have promoted CBs as promising candidates for stimuli-responsive targeted delivery of chemotherapeutics. This review presents the most recent advances in the design of stimuli-responsive nanosystems based on CBs for effective cancer treatment.
BF[subscript 3]-Promoted Electrochemical Properties of Quinoxaline in Propylene Carbonate (2015)

Electrochemical and density functional studies demonstrate that coordination of electrolyte constituents to quinoxalines modulates their electrochemical properties. Quinoxalines are shown to be electrochemically inactive in most electrolytes in propylene carbonate, yet the predicted reduction potential is shown to match computational estimates in acetonitrile. We find that in the presence of LiBF[subscript 4] and trace water, an adduct is formed between quinoxaline and the Lewis acid BF[subscript 3], which then displays electrochemical activity at 1–1.5 V higher than prior observations of quinoxaline electrochemistry in non-aqueous media. Direct synthesis and testing of a bis-BF[subscript 3] quinoxaline complex further validates the assignment of the electrochemically active species, presenting up to a ~26-fold improvement in charging capacity, demonstrating the advantages of this adduct over unmodified quinoxaline in LiBF[subscript 4]-based electrolyte. The use of Lewis acids to effectively “turn on” the electrochemical activity of organic molecules may lead to the development of new active material classes for energy storage applications.
Ultrafast automated image cytometry for cancer detection (2013)

We present a method for ultrafast automated single-cell optical microscopy that performs blur-free image acquisition and non-stop real-time image-recording and classification of cells during high-speed flow. This method is based on a unique integration of ultrafast optical imaging, self-focusing microfluidics, optoelectronics, and information technology. To show the system's utility, we demonstrate high-throughput image-based screening of rare breast cancer cells in blood with an unprecedented throughput of 100,000 cells/s and a record false positive rate of one in a million. This method is expected to be effective for early, noninvasive, low-cost detection of cancer.
Molecular genetics and related developments in pancreatic cancer (1999)

Cancer of the pancreas is a genetic disease. The most common genetic alterations identified to date in pancreatic cancer are activation of the K-ras oncogene (approximately 90%) and inactivation of the p16 (approximately 95%), p53 (50% to 75%), DPC4 (55%), and BRCA2 (7%) tumor suppressor genes. An understanding of the molecular genetics of carcinoma of the pancreas is important because it may help explain the aggregation of pancreatic cancer in families and may lead to the development of novel tests to detect early cancers. For example, the aggregation of pancreatic cancer in some families has been shown to result from inherited mutations in cancer-causing genes, and genetic alterations shed from pancreatic cancers have been detected in stool specimens. In addition, we believe that an improved knowledge of the molecular genetics of pancreatic cancer will lead to the development of a new generation of rational and more effective treatments.
Visually induced postural reactivity is velocity-dependent at low temporal frequencies and frequency-dependent at high temporal frequencies (2013)

Visual stimulation alone is sufficient to produce visually induced postural reactivity (VIPR). While some studies have shown that VIPR increases with the velocity of a moving visual stimulus, others have shown that it decreases with the temporal frequency of an oscillating visual stimulus. These results seem contradictory given that these two variables co-vary in the same direction. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the VIPR can be different depending on the frequency range being considered. Twelve subjects were placed standing up in a virtual reality environment that simulated a black and white checkerboard at floor level. This checkerboard oscillated at seven frequencies (0.03-2.0 Hz) and three amplitudes (2, 4, and 8°), corresponding to nine velocities (0.125-32°/s). The virtual floor oscillated from left to right (mediolateral) or from front to back (anteroposterior). We calculated the subjects' mean velocity (Ω) based on data from electromagnetic sensors positioned on the head and lower back. Our experiment shows that for temporal frequencies below 0.12 Hz, VIPR is visually dependent and increases with stimulus velocity. When stimulus velocity becomes too high, the body becomes incapable of following, and the VIPR saturates between 0.12 and 0.25 Hz. In this frequency range, maximal postural oscillation seems to depend on biomechanical constraints imposed by the positioning of the feet. For frequencies above 0.5 Hz, the body can no longer maintain the same oscillation state. This saturation may be linked to proprioceptive feedback mechanisms in the postural system.
Carrier recombination influence on the SOIMOSFET floating body effect (1994)

The carrier recombination influence on the floating body effect for fully depleted n-channel SOIMOSFET was analyzed by device simulation. It was found that the hole diffusion to the source electrode is negligibly small and that the surface recombination for the generated hole dominates the hole extinction, at the subthreshold region. Based on the simulated result, an analytical model on the hole concentration is proposed, in which the recombination velocity is explicitly included. The model explains the hole concentration behavior that is responsible for the floating body effect for the fully depleted SOIMOSFET.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Structure et penetrabilite de couches de polymere ancrees sur une surface (1995)

Nous avons etudie le comportement de couches de polydimethylsiloxane (pdms) greffees ou adsorbees sur une surface plane de silice lorsqu'elles sont mises en presence d'un solvant, d'une solution, d'un fondu ou d'un elastomere de chaines chimiquement identiques. En presence de bons solvants, ces couches gonflent. Nous avons determine leur epaisseur et leur profil de concentration pour differents solvants par des methodes de fluorescence induite par onde evanescente (ewif) et de reflectivite neutronique. Nous avons ainsi conforte les modeles theoriques de champ moyen pour les couches greffees et de lois d'echelle pour les couches adsorbees. Quand une solution semi-diluee de chaines semblables est en contact avec une couche adsorbee, la couche est comprimee par la pression osmotique de la solution. Nous avons mis en evidence ce phenomene par ewif et nous avons propose un raffinement des descriptions theoriques existantes qui rend compte quantitativement de cette compression. La penetration de fondu de chaines hydrogenees dans des couches deuterees a ete observee par reflectivite de neutrons et spectroscopie infra-rouge et a montre une adsorption preferentielle des monomeres hydrogenes sur la silice ainsi qu'un parametre d'interaction negatif (donc favorable) entre monomeres deuteres et hydrogenes. Enfin, nous avons mis en evidence la formation d'une interface diffuse entre des couches greffees ou adsorbees et un elastomere de pdms quelques heures apres leur mise en contact. Ceci est etonnant car des resultats experimentaux independants montrent que l'adhesivite de ce systeme est plus grande pour des couches adsorbees que pour des couches greffees. Or les modeles theoriques, qui expliquent l'adhesion par le developpement de chaines connectrices a l'interface, predisent des energies d'adhesion semblables pour les deux types de couches. Le comportement devoile par les experiences que nous avons effectuees incite donc a la revision de tels modeles. Ces differents resultats montrent enfin que nous avons developpe des methodes de realisation de surfaces decorees qui permettent de mieux controler leurs proprietes physico-chimiques afin d'optimiser leur utilisation pratique
Localization Method for Autonomous Vehicles with Sensor Fusion Using Extended and Unscented Kalman Filters (2021)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper presents the design and experimental validation of a localization method for autonomous driving. The investigated method proposes and compares the application of the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) to the sensor fusion of onboard data streaming from a Global Positioning System (GPS) sensor and an Inertial Navigation System (INS). In the paper, the design of the hardware layout and the proposed software architecture is presented. The method is experimentally validated in real time by using a properly instrumented all-wheel-drive electric racing vehicle and a compact Sport Utility Vehicle (SUV). The proposed algorithm is deployed on a high-performance computing platform with an embedded Graphical Processing Unit that is mounted on board the considered vehicles. The reported experimental results include the outcomes of the localization algorithm at submeter accuracy and the estimated vehicle’s states for the retained single-track vehicle model that is exploited for further control strategies. The experimental results show a substantial equivalence of the application of the two filters. Nevertheless, the UKF-based method is characterized by a significantly lower estimation variance in the localization task, thus providing more robust results.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Pattern of Gene Transcription During the Induction of Bacteriophage Lambda Development: A Possible Model for the Control of Gene Expression in a Differentiating System (1969)

The prelims comprise: Description of the System Structure of the λ Chromosome Characterization of λ-Specipic mRNA's Various mRNA Species Found After Induction of the Prophage λ Kinetics of λ Induction Temporal Control of Phage RNA Synthesis after Induction Discussion and Summary