gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clarithromycin expands CD11b+Gr-1+ cells via the STAT3/Bv8 axis to ameliorate lethal endotoxic shock and post-influenza bacterial pneumonia (2018)

Macrolides are used to treat various inflammatory diseases owing to their immunomodulatory properties; however, little is known about their precise mechanism of action. In this study, we investigated the functional significance of the expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC)-like CD11b+Gr-1+ cells in response to the macrolide antibiotic clarithromycin (CAM) in mouse models of shock and post-influenza pneumococcal pneumonia as well as in humans. Intraperitoneal administration of CAM markedly expanded splenic and lung CD11b+Gr-1+ cell populations in naïve mice. Notably, CAM pretreatment enhanced survival in a mouse model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced shock. In addition, adoptive transfer of CAM-treated CD11b+Gr-1+ cells protected mice against LPS-induced lethality via increased IL-10 expression. CAM also improved survival in post-influenza, CAM-resistant pneumococcal pneumonia, with improved lung pathology as well as decreased interferon (IFN)-γ and increased IL-10 levels. Adoptive transfer of CAM-treated CD11b+Gr-1+ cells protected mice from post-influenza pneumococcal pneumonia. Further analysis revealed that the CAM-induced CD11b+Gr-1+ cell expansion was dependent on STAT3-mediated Bv8 production and may be facilitated by the presence of gut commensal microbiota. Lastly, an analysis of peripheral blood obtained from healthy volunteers following oral CAM administration showed a trend toward the expansion of human MDSC-like cells (Lineage-HLA-DR-CD11b+CD33+) with increased arginase 1 mRNA expression. Thus, CAM promoted the expansion of a unique population of immunosuppressive CD11b+Gr-1+ cells essential for the immunomodulatory properties of macrolides.
Creation of a Controlled Venoarterial Shunt (1995)

A controlled venoarterial shunt improved hemodynamics and cardiac output in a large animal model with RSCF. This strategy may be useful in the management of transplant and left ventricular assist device recipients with perioperative RSCF.
Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) as Accessory Molecule for FcαR (CD89) Binding of IgA (2002)

IgA, the principal ligand for FcalphaRI, exists in serum as monomeric IgA and at mucosal sites as secretory IgA (SIgA). SIgA consists of dimeric IgA linked by joining chain and secretory components. Human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and mouse PMN transgenic for human FcalphaRI exhibited spreading and elicited respiratory burst activity upon interaction with either serum or SIgA. However, PMN devoid of the beta(2) integrin Mac-1 (Mac-1(-/-)) were unable to bind SIgA, despite expression of FcalphaRI. Consistent with this, serum IgA stimulated Mac-1(-/-) PMN oxygen radical production, in contrast to SIgA. Binding studies showed the secretory component, by itself, to interact with Mac-1-expressing PMN, but not with Mac-1(-/-) PMN. These data demonstrate an essential role for Mac-1 in establishing SIgA-FcalphaRI interactions.
Synthesis and characterization of a novel fluorinated bismaleimide via a nucleophilic addition–elimination reaction and its polymeric networks (2015)

A novel fluorinated bismaleimide, <bold>OFCP-BMI</bold>, was designed and readily synthesized <italic>via</italic> the nucleophilic addition–elimination reaction of octafluorocyclopentene with maleimide-functionalized phenol.
Phase Correlation Processing for DPIV Measurements: Part I — Spatial Domain Analysis (2007)

A novel Digital Particle Image Velocimetry (DPIV) correlation method is presented using nonlinear filtering techniques coupled with a phase-only filter (POF) generalized cross-correlation (GCC). Error analysis demonstrates the deficiency of the GCC alone to successfully improve measurement accuracy, as shown from a decrease in valid vector detection as well as an increase in bias and RMS errors. The use of spatial filters is commonly argued to be disadvantageous for standard Fourier based cross-correlation analysis [1]. However, here we demonstrate that appropriate spatial filters applied to the GCC provide vastly superior performance. The zeropadding method as well as a new spatial filter derived from the Blackman window is introduced, both of which are able to enhance the vector detection capabilities of the GCC processor. In addition, a Gaussian transform filtering technique is introduced which dramatically increases the subpixel resolution of the GCC processor, alleviating apparent effects of peak-locking. The use of these filters with the GCC is able to provide striking improvements in DPIV image correlation.
Alignment pattern detection method using diagonal imaging optics for X-ray exposure system. (1989)

A precision alignment-pattern detection method using diagonal detection optics and twodimensional image processing technique has been developed to improve the alignment accuracy of X-ray exposure systems. This method features (1) consecutive pattern detection in an exposure field, (2) capability of detecting both lateral displacement and proximity gap between a mask and a wafer using the same detection optics, and (3) reduction of detection error caused by variations in the alignment-pattern fabrication process by using broad-spectrum (Xe light) illumination. According to the simulation of expected quantizing errors in image processing, a pixel resolution of 0.18 μm has been selected to attain a detection resolution less than 0.02 μm. The detection accuracy of an experimental apparatus was investigated, checking the expected error due to variations of wafer alignment patterns, resulting in a detection accuracy of ±0.02 μm for the lateral displacement detection and ± 0.06 μm for the gap detection, respectively.
Direct Control of Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis by Central Nervous System Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Signaling (2012)

We studied interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) activity in wild-type (WT) and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R)-deficient mice after the administration of the proglucagon-derived peptides (PGDPs) glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1), glucagon (GCG), and oxyntomodulin (OXM) directly into the brain. Intracerebroventricular injection of PGDPs reduces body weight and increases iBAT thermogenesis. This was independent of changes in feeding and insulin responsiveness but correlated with increased activity of sympathetic fibers innervating brown adipose tissue (BAT). Despite being a GCG receptor agonist, OXM requires GLP-1R activation to induce iBAT thermogenesis. The increase in thermogenesis in WT mice correlates with increased expression of genes upregulated by adrenergic signaling and required for iBAT thermogenesis, including PGC1a and UCP-1. In spite of the increase in iBAT thermogenesis induced by GLP-1R activation in WT mice, Glp1r(-/-) mice exhibit a normal response to cold exposure, demonstrating that endogenous GLP-1R signaling is not essential for appropriate thermogenic response after cold exposure. Our data suggest that the increase in BAT thermogenesis may be an additional mechanism whereby pharmacological GLP-1R activation controls energy balance.
Development of Neurotrophic Factor Therapy for Alzheimer's Disease (2007)

Neurotrophic factor therapy of Alzheimer's disease aims at diminishing synapse and neuron loss, cardinal features of this disease that are probably highly relevant to the behavioural deficits it causes. Degenerative changes of ascending cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain are prevented in animals by nerve growth factor (NGF). Recent investigations on mutant mice with deletions of the NGF gene confirm a close association between NGF, cholinergic function and cognitive behaviour, in support of the notion that NGF treatment may be beneficial in Alzheimer's disease. However, growth factors acting on neurons of the hippocampus and cortex will be necessary to protect the major populations of affected neurons. We have identified tyrosine kinase receptor genes expressed in the hippocampus and cortex using PCR approaches, and then searched for their ligands. This approach has identified the receptor REK7 and its ligand AL-1 and the receptor Rse and its ligand Gas-6 as growth factor/growth factor receptor systems expressed in cortex and hippocampus of the adult brain.
PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED TRIAL COMPARING SHOCK WAVE LITHOTRIPSY AND URETEROSCOPY FOR MANAGEMENT OF DISTAL URETERAL CALCULI (2001)

Ureteroscopy and shock wave lithotripsy were associated with high success and low complication rates. However, shock wave lithotripsy required significantly less operating time, was more often performed on an outpatient basis, and showed a trend towards less flank pain and dysuria, fewer complications and quicker convalescence. Patient satisfaction was uniformly high in both groups. Although ureteroscopy and shock wave lithotripsy are highly effective for treatment of distal ureteral stones, we believe that HM3 shock wave lithotripsy, albeit slightly more costly, is preferable to manipulation with ureteroscopy since it is equally efficacious, more efficient and less morbid.
Exciton dynamics in luminescent carbon nanodots: Electron–hole exchange interaction (2015)

The electron–hole exchange interaction significantly influences the optical properties of excitons and radiative decay. However, exciton dynamics in luminescent carbon dots (Cdots) is still not clear. In this study, we have developed a simple and efficient one-step strategy to synthesize luminescent Cdots using the pyrolysis of oleylamine. The sp2 clusters of a few aromatic rings are responsible for the observed blue photoluminescence. The size of these clusters can be tuned by controlling the reaction time, and the energy gap between the π–π* states of the sp2 domains decreases as the sp2 cluster size increases. More importantly, the strong electron–hole exchange interaction results in the splitting of the exciton states of the sp2 clusters into the singlet-bright and triplet-dark states with an energy difference ΔE, which decreases with increasing sp2 cluster size owing to the reduction of the confinement energy and the suppression of the electron–hole exchange interaction.
Data from UGT2B17 Expedites Progression of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancers by Promoting Ligand-Independent AR Signaling (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is characterized by a shift in androgen receptor (AR) signaling from androgen-dependent to androgen (ligand)-independent. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B17 (UGT2B17) is a key enzyme that maintains androgen homeostasis by catabolizing AR agonists into inactive forms. Although enhanced UGT2B17 expression by antiandrogens has been reported in androgen-dependent prostate cancer, its roles in regulating AR signaling transformation and CRPC progression remain unknown. In this study, we show that higher UGT2B17 protein expression in prostate tumors is associated with higher Gleason score, metastasis, and CRPC progression. UGT2B17 expression and activity were higher in androgen-independent compared to androgen-dependent cell lines. UGT2B17 stimulated cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and xenograft progression to CRPC after prolonged androgen deprivation. Gene microarray analysis indicated that UGT2B17 suppressed androgen-dependent AR transcriptional activity and enhanced of ligand-independent transcriptional activity at genes associated with cell mitosis. These UGT2B17 actions were mainly mediated by activation of the c-Src kinase. In CRPC tumors, UGT2B17 expression was associated positively with c-Src activation. These results indicate that UGT2B17 expedites CRPC progression by enhancing ligand-independent AR signaling to activate cell mitosis in cancer cells. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 76(22); 6701–11. ©2016 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
An Erythroid Differentiation Gene Expression Signature Predicts Response to Lenalidomide in Myelodysplasia. (2006)

Abstract Lenalidomide is an effective new agent for the treatment of Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS). In phase II clinical trials, patients treated with Lenalidomide achieved unprecedented rates of hematologic and cytogenetic responses, particularly in patients with interstitial deletions of chromosome 5q. More than 80% of patients with MDS do not have 5q deletions, though approximately 25% of these patients respond to Lenalidomide.3–5 Neutropenia and thrombocytopenia are the primary toxicities of Lenalidomide, and are severe in some cases. MDS is a highly heterogeneous disorder, and no diagnostic assays predict which patients without 5q deletions will respond to Lenalidomide. Using gene expression profiling, we identified a molecular signature that predicts Lenalidomide response. Biologic characterization of the predictive genes demonstrated that the response signature is comprised of a cohesive set of erythroid-specific genes: patients who respond have a lower expression of the erythroid signature in bone marrow mononuclear cells. To facilitate clinical implementation of a gene expression-based assay, we evaluated the signature using two methods, quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and a bead-based detection technology. Using both methods, the erythroid gene expression signature was expressed at lower levels in patients who responded to Lenalidomide. The bead-based methodology employs ligation mediated amplification (LMA), a methodology that is capable of highly multiplexed reactions with preservation of the relative abundance of transcripts, with amplicon detection on Luminex microspheres, already in use for clinical diagnostic assays. This assay is capable of detecting a large gene expression signature (currently up to 100 genes) in a single, well-controlled assay. With further validation, LMA with fluorescent microsphere detection may become the superior technology for clinical diagnostic assays of multi-gene signatures. We tested the erythroid signature in an independent set of 12 samples using LMA with fluorescent microsphere detection. Again, all responders had a lower expression of the erythroid genes than responders. Validation in a larger cohort of patients is underway. These studies suggest that Lenalidomide-responsive patients without 5q deletions have a defect in erythroid differentiation analogous to the ineffective erythropoiesis in patients with 5q deletions, and that an erythroid gene expression signature predicts Lenalidomide activity in MDS.
Hormonal and renal responses to converting enzyme inhibition during maximal exercise (1987)

The role of angiotensin II in the hormonal and renal responses to maximal exercise was investigated by using the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril. Nine male subjects performed a standardized maximal treadmill test with and without acute captopril treatment (25 mg orally). At rest, captopril elevated plasma renin activity and lowered aldosterone levels. With maximal exercise, captopril treatment reduced the increase in mean arterial blood pressure by 8 mmHg and the increase in plasma renin activity by 3.0 ng ANG I.ml-1.h-1. The responses of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH), cortisol, and vasopressin to maximal exercise were not altered by captopril treatment. Although aldosterone levels were reduced at rest with captopril, during maximal exercise no difference was noted between treatments. Captopril treatment had no effects on the renal handling of salts or water during exercise. In conclusion, angiotensin II plays a role in the increase in mean blood pressure during maximal exercise in normal subjects but has no effect on the exercise responses of ACTH, vasopressin, and aldosterone or on the renal handling of salts and water.
Regiospecific, Enantiospecific Total Synthesis of C-19 Methyl Substituted Sarpagine Alkaloids Dihydroperaksine-17-al and Dihydroperaksine (2011)

The optically active tetracyclic ketone 8 was converted into the pentacylic core 14 of the C-19 methyl substituted N(a)-H sarpagine and ajmaline alkaloids via a critical haloboration reaction. The ketone 14 was then employed in the total synthesis of 19(S),20(R)-dihydroperaksine-17-al (1) and 19(S),20(R)-dihydroperaksine (2). The key regioselective hydroboration and controlled oxidation-epimerization sequence developed in this approach should provide a general method to functionalize the C(20)-C(21) double bond in the ajmaline-related indole alkaloids.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Intramolecular Cycloaddition of Vinylsilanes and Silyl Nitronates. Effective Control of Remote Acyclic Asymmetry. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Operation of the 25 kW NASA Lewis Solar Regenerative Fuel Cell Testbed Facility (1996)

Assembly of the NASA Lewis Research Center Solar Regenerative Fuel Cell Testbed Facility has recently been completed and system testing is in progress. This facility includes the integration of 50 kW photovoltaic solar cell arrays, a 25 kW proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis unit, four 5 kW PEM fuel cells, high pressure hydrogen and oxygen storage vessels, high purity water storage containers, and computer monitoring, control and data acquisition. The purpose of this facility is multi-faceted, but was originally intended to serve as a testbed for evaluating a closed-loop powerplant for future NASA extended life support operations, such as a Lunar outpost, and also as a terrestrial powerplant example for remote or continuous back-up support operations. The fuel cell and electrolyzer subsystems design and assembly were conducted by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), the photovoltaic arrays and electrical interconnect to the electrolyzer were provided by the US Navy/China Lake Naval Weapons Center, and testing and operations are being carried out by JPL.
Position of Pro and Ser near Glu7.32 in the extracellular loop 3 of mammalian and nonmammalian gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors is a critical determinant for differential ligand selectivity for mammalian GnRH and chicken GnRH-II. (2004)

A Glu/Asp7.32 residue in the extracellular loop 3 of the mammalian GnRH receptor (GnRHR) is known to interact with Arg8 of mammalian GnRH (mGnRH), which may confer preferential ligand selectivity for mGnRH than for chicken GnRH-II (cGnRH-II). However, some nonmammalian GnRHRs also have the Glu/Asp residue at the same position, yet respond better to cGnRH-II than mGnRH. Amino acids flanking Glu/Asp7.32 are differentially arranged such that mammalian and nonmammalian GnRHRs have an S-E/D-P motif and P-X-S/Y motif, respectively. We presumed the position of Ser7.31 or Pro7.33 of rat GnRHR as a potential determinant for ligand selectivity. Either placing Pro before Glu7.32 or placing Ser after Glu7.32 significantly decreased the sensitivity and/or efficacy for mGnRH, but slightly increased that for cGnRH-II in several mutant receptors. Among them, those with a PEV, PES, or SES motif exhibited a marked decrease in sensitivity for mGnRH such that cGnRH-II had a higher potency than mGnRH, showing a reversed prefe...
New anthracycline glycosides from Micromonospora. II. Isolation, characterization and biological properties. (1980)

Four glycosides, designated A, B, C and D, are the main components of the anthracycline complex produced by cultures of Micromonospora sp. nov. They were extracted by solvent partition, separated by column chromatography and characterized by chemical and physical methods as 11-deoxy analogues of daunorubicin. Among these new anthracyclines, displaying antibacterial and cytotoxic activity in vitro, 11-deoxydaunorubicin and 11-deoxydoxorubicin are also active against P388 leukemia in mice.
Developmental Expression and Substrate Specificities of Alfalfa Caffeic Acid 3-O-Methyltransferase and Caffeoyl Coenzyme A 3-O-Methyltransferase in Relation to Lignification1 (1998)

The biosynthesis of monolignols can potentially occur via two parallel pathways involving free acids or their coenzyme A (CoA) esters. Caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and caffeoyl CoA 3-O-methyltransferase (CCOMT) catalyze functionally identical reactions in these two pathways, resulting in the formation of mono- or dimethoxylated lignin precursors. The activities of the two enzymes increase from the first to the sixth internode in stems of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), preceding the deposition of lignin. Alfalfa CCOMT is highly similar at the amino acid sequence level to the CCOMT from parsley, although it contains a six-amino acid insertion near the N terminus. Transcripts encoding both COMT and CCOMT are primarily localized to vascular tissue in alfalfa stems. Alfalfa CCOMT expressed in Escherichia coli catalyzes O-methylation of caffeoyl and 5-hydroxyferuloyl CoA, with preference for caffeoyl CoA. It has low activity against the free acids. COMT expressed in E. coli is active against both caffeic and 5-hydroxyferulic acids, with preference for the latter compound. Surprisingly, very little extractable O-methyltransferase activity versus 5-hydroxyferuloyl CoA is present in alfalfa stem internodes, in which relative O-methyltransferase activity against 5-hy-droxyferulic acid increases with increasing maturity, correlating with increased lignin methoxyl content.
Selective intra-operative parathyroid hormone in re-do neck exploration in parathyroidectomy (2019)

Selective use of I-OPTH guides parathyroidectomy in challenging cases, and can be time and cost-effective when used appropriately.
An Improved Proportionate Multi-Delay Block Adaptive Filter For Packet-Switched Network Echo Cancellation (2005)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Antalya, Turkey, 2005
Novel Size-Variable Dedicated Rodent Oxygenator for ECLS Animal Models: Introduction of the “Ratox” Oxygenator and Preliminary In-Vitro Results (2023)

The survival rate of extracorporeal life support (ECLS) remains overall at 60 %. Research and development is slow, partly due to the lack of sophisticated experimental models. This publication introduces a dedicated rodent oxygenator (“RatOx”) and shows preliminary in vitro classification tests. The RatOx has an adaptable fiber module size for various rodent models. Gas transfer performance over the fiber module for different blood flows and fiber module sizes were tested according to DIN EN ISO 7199.At the maximum possible amount of effective fiber surface and a blood flow of 100 ml/min, the oxygenator performance has been tested to a maximum of 6.27 ml O2/min and 8.2 ml CO2/min, respectively. The priming volume for this the largest fiber module is 5.4 ml, while the smallest possible configuration with a single fiber mat layer has 1.1 ml of priming volume. The novel RatOx ECLS system has been evaluated in-vitro to comply to a high degree with all predefined functionality criteria for rodent sized animal models. We intend for the RatOx to become a standard testing platform for scientific studies on ECLS therapy and technology.