gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Review of Hemoglobin-Induced Myocardial Lesions (2004)

Over 100 preclinical studies in several small and large animal species were performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of diaspirin crosslinked hemoglobin (DCLHb; Baxter Healthcare Corp.) as an oxygen therapeutic. During the preclinical evaluation of DCLHb, myocardial lesions were observed following the administration of DCLHb to certain species. These lesions were characterized as minimal to moderate, focal-to-multifocal myocardial degeneration and/or necrosis that were scored using a severity scale of minimal to marked in relative severity. The lesions were typically observed 24–48 h after single topload infusions of DCLHb into rhesus monkeys or pigs at doses as low as 200 or 700 mg/kg, respectively. Dogs, sheep, and rats did not develop these lesions after single-dose administrations of DCLHb. The left ventricular myocardium, typically near the base of or including the papillary muscles, was the most severely affected region, followed by the intraventricular septum and the right ventricle. The left and right atria were usually not affected. In a study in rhesus monkeys, morphometric analysis revealed that these lesions comprised less than 3% of the total myocardium. Although increases in serum enzyme activities (AST, CK, LDH) were observed after infusion of DCLHb, myocardial-related isoenzymes did not increase. ECG analysis and echocardiography were not altered by these lesions, and there was no observable adverse effect on myocardial function. Polymerization of DCLHb reduced, but did not eliminate, the incidence and severity of the lesions. However, infusion of hemoglobin solutions with reduced reaction rates with nitric oxide (NO) resulted in a significant decrease in lesion incidence and severity, while administration of L-NAME, an NO synthase inhibitor, resulted in the appearance of lesions that were indistinguishable from those induced by hemoglobin, suggesting that reduction in normal NO levels is an important mechanistic factor. Overall, the presence of myocardial lesions represents a histopathologic finding that must be considered during the preclinical testing and development of new HBOCs.
Polyhedral object detection and pose estimation for augmented reality applications (2003)

In augmented reality applications, tracking and registration of both cameras and objects is required because, to combine real and rendered scenes, we must project synthetic models at the right location in real images. Although much work has been done to track objects of interest, initialization of theses trackers often remains manual. Our work aims at automating this step by integrating object recognition and tracking into an AR system. Our emphasis is on the initialization phase of the tracking. We address all the three major aspects of the problem of model-to-image registration: feature detection, correspondence and pose estimation. We have developed a novel approach based on facet detection that greatly reduces the number of possible feature correspondences making it possible to directly compute the transformation which best maps 3-D object to the image plane. We will argue that this approach offers a one-fold speed-up over existing methods. Results of our AR system which integrates initialization and tracking are shown. Our method takes about 5 seconds on our example images.
Learning and matching multiscale template descriptors for real-time detection, localization and tracking (2011)

We describe a system to learn an object template from a video stream, and localize and track the corresponding object in live video. The template is decomposed into a number of local descriptors, thus enabling detection and tracking in spite of partial occlusion. Each local descriptor aggregates contrast invariant statistics (normalized intensity and gradient orientation) across scales, in a way that enables matching under significant scale variations. Low-level tracking during the training video sequence enables capturing object-specific variability due to the shape of the object, which is encapsulated in the descriptor. Salient locations on both the template and the target image are used as hypotheses to expedite matching.
RLBrowse: Generating Realistic Packet Traces with Reinforcement Learning (2022)

Automated Web Browsing tools, such as Selenium and headless browsers, are used to collect traffic traces from networked applications, with which statistical models describing the traffic are obtained. However, we show that traces from Selenium and headless browsers have markedly different traffic characteristics than human generated traces, with potential impact on the quality of the obtained models. To overcome this limitation, we propose RLBrowse, an automated web automation framework that imitates human browsing habits by separating web automation from the browser using reinforcement learning. By separating the browser and automation tool, RLBrowse improves on 9 out of the 13 traffic trace features tested. The distribution of packet sizes in a trace improves the most, with a nearly 400 % improvement. We test RLBrowse by collecting a corpus of network packet traces on a set of human-navigated website browsing sessions, and by RLBrowse and Selenium. In the subsequent analysis, we identify key differences in the resulting packet traces.
Robotic versus Standard Laparoscopic Partial/Wedge Nephrectomy: A Comparison of Intraoperative and Perioperative Results from a Single Institution (2008)

Introducing a robotic interface for laparoscopic partial/wedge resection allowed a fellowship-trained urologic oncologist with limited reconstructive laparoscopic experience to achieve results comparable to those for laparoscopic partial/wedge resection performed by experienced laparoscopic surgeons. In this regard, the learning curve appears truncated, similar to that with robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy.
Ionic‐Liquid‐Based Safe Adjuvants (2020)

Adjuvants play a critical role in the design and development of novel vaccines. Despite extensive research, only a handful of vaccine adjuvants have been approved for human use. Currently used adjuvants are mostly composed of components that are non-native to the human body, such as aluminum salt, bacterial lipids, or foreign genomic material. Here, a new ionic-liquid-based adjuvant is explored, synthesized using two metabolites of the body, choline and lactic acid (ChoLa). ChoLa distributes the antigen efficiently upon injection, maintains antigen integrity, enhances immune infiltration at the injection site, and leads to a potent immune response against the antigen. Thus, it can serve as a promising safe adjuvant platform that can help to protect against pandemics and future infectious threats.
Extrusion of Porous Protein-Based Polymers and Their Liquid Absorption Characteristics (2020)

The production of porous wheat gluten (WG) absorbent materials by means of extrusion processing is presented for the future development of sustainable superabsorbent polymers (SAPs). Different temperatures, formulations, and WG compositions were used to determine a useful protocol that provides the best combination of porosity and water swelling properties. The most optimal formulation was based on 50 wt.% WG in water that was processed at 80 °C as a mixture, which provided a porous core structure with a denser outer shell. As a green foaming agent, food-grade sodium bicarbonate was added during the processing, which allowed the formation of a more open porous material. This extruded WG material was able to swell 280% in water and, due to the open-cell structure, 28% with non-polar limonene. The results are paving the way towards production of porous bio macromolecular structures with high polar/non-polar liquid uptake, using extrusion as a solvent free and energy efficient production technique without toxic reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: Anionic Access to Silylated and Germylated Binuclear Heterocycles. (2015)

Abstract The sila‐Matteson rearrangement is studied to allow access to silicon‐containing binuclear heterocycles.
First imaging demonstration of a crosshair light-sharing PET detector (2021)

The crosshair light-sharing (CLS) PET detector is our original depth-of-interaction (DOI) detector, which is based on a single-ended readout scheme with quadrisected crystals comparable in size to a photo-sensor. In this work, we developed 32 CLS PET detectors, each of which consisted of a multi-pixel photon counter (MPPC) array and gadolinium fine aluminum garnet (GFAG) crystals, and we developed a benchtop prototype of a small animal size PET. Each GFAG crystal was 1.45 × 1.45 × 15 mm<sup>3</sup>. The MPPC had a surface area of 3.0 × 3.0 mm<sup>2</sup>. The benchtop prototype had two detector rings of 16 detector blocks. The ring diameter and axial field-of-view were 14.2 cm and 4.9 cm, respectively. The data acquisition system used was the PETsys silicon photomultiplier readout system. The continuous DOI information was binned into three DOI layers by applying a look-up-table to a 2D position histogram. Also, energy and timing information was corrected using DOI information. After the calibration procedure, the energy resolution and the coincidence time resolution were 14.6% and 531 ps, respectively. Imaging test results of a small rod phantom obtained by an iterative reconstruction method showed clear separation of 1.6 mm rods with the help of DOI information.
Root canal system in the mesiobuccal root of the maxillary first molar: anin vitrocomparison study of computed tomography and histology (2006)

CT offers complete information on the number and configuration of root canals. As the root canal configuration of the adult does not change rapidly, CT investigations can be used for multiple subsequent treatments.
Prediction of Water Saturation in Tight Gas Sandstone Formation Using Artificial Intelligence (2022)

Water saturation (<i>S</i> <sub>w</sub>) is a vital factor for the original oil and gas in place (OOIP and OGIP). Numerous available equations can be used to calculate <i>S</i> <sub>w</sub>, but their values have been unreliable and strongly depend on core analyses, which are costly and time-consuming. Hence, this study implements artificial intelligence (AI) modules to predict <i>S</i> <sub>w</sub> from the conventional well logs. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) and the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) were applied to estimate <i>S</i> <sub>w</sub> using gamma-ray (GR) log, neutron porosity (NPHI) log, and resistivity (<i>R</i> <sub>t</sub>) log. A data set of 782 points from two wells (Well-1 and Well-2) in tight gas sandstone formation was used to develop and test the different AI modules. Well-1 was used to construct the AI models, then the hidden data set from Well-2 was applied to validate the optimized models. The results showed that the ANN and ANFIS models were able to accurately estimate <i>S</i> <sub>w</sub> from the conventional well logging data. The correlation coefficient (<i>R</i>) values between the actual and estimated <i>S</i> <sub>w</sub> from the ANN model were found to be 0.93 and 0.91 compared to 0.95 and 0.90 for the ANFIS model during the training and testing processes. The average absolute percentage error (AAPE) was less than 5% in both models. A new empirical correlation was established using the biases and weights from the developed ANN model. The correlation was validated with the unseen data set from Well-2, and the correlation coefficient between the actual and the estimated <i>S</i> <sub>w</sub> was 0.91 with an AAPE of 6%. This study provides AI application with an empirical correlation to estimate the water saturation from the readily available conventional logging data without the requirement for experimental analysis or well site interventions.
Functional Equivalence Checking for Verification of Algebraic Transformations on Array-Intensive Source Code (2007)

Development of energy and performance-efficient embedded software is increasingly relying on application of complex transformations on the critical parts of the source code. Designers applying such nontrivial source code transformations are often faced with the problem of ensuring functional equivalence of the original and transformed programs. Currently they have to rely on incomplete and time-consuming simulation. Formal automatic verification of the transformed program against the original is instead desirable. This calls for equivalence checking tools similar to the ones available for comparing digital circuits. We present such a tool to compare array-intensive programs related through a combination of important global transformations like expression propagations, loop and algebraic transformations. When the transformed program fails to pass the equivalence check, the tool provides specific feedback on the possible locations of errors.
Fourier Domain OCT and Its Applications (2008)

Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text J. Izatt, "Fourier Domain OCT and Its Applications," in Biomedical Optics, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2008), paper BMB1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
L'Europe à la conquête du monde ou le début des "temps modernes" (2010)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Baroreflex sensitivity and outcomes following coronary surgery (2017)

Postoperative atrial fibrillation, acute kidney dysfunction and low cardiac output following coronary surgery are associated with morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study is to determine if the preoperative autonomic control is a determinant of these postoperative complications. This is a prospective cohort study on 150 adult patients undergoing surgical coronary revascularization with cardiopulmonary bypass. The patients received an autonomic control assessment after the induction of anesthesia. Baroreflex sensitivity was computed by spectral analysis and expressed as BRSαHF and BRSαLF for measure respectively in the high and low frequency domains. Atrial fibrillation was adjudicated at any postoperative time during the hospital stay. Acute kidney dysfunction was defined as any increase of serum creatinine levels from preoperative values within the first 48 hours after surgery, and acute kidney injury was adjudicated at a 50% increase. Low cardiac ouput syndrome was defined as the need for inotropic support > 48 hours. Thirty-eight (26.4%) patients experienced postoperative atrial fibrillation; 32 (22.2%) had acute kidney dysfunction and 5 (3.5%) acute kidney injury; 14(10%) had a low cardiac output state. No indices of baroreflex sensitivity were associated with atrial fibrillation or acute kidney injury. A low value of BRSαLF was associated with acute kidney dysfunction and low cardiac output state. A BRSαLF < 3 msec/mmHg was an independent risk factor for acute kidney dysfunction (odds ratio 3.0, 95% confidence interval 1.02-8.8, P = 0.045) and of low cardiac output state (odds ratio 17.0, 95% confidence interval 2.9-99, P = 0.002). Preoperative baroreflex sensitivity is linked to postoperative complications through a number of possible mechanisms, including an autonomic nervous system-mediated vasoconstriction, a poor response to hypotension, and an increased inflammatory reaction.
LSC Abstract – miR-17 and -21 in intercellular communication via exosomes in allergic airway inflammation (2016)

<b>Background:</b> miRNAs are critical regulators of signalling pathways and have lately been shown to be secreted into exosomes as a way of inter-cell communication (Valadi <i>et al</i>., Nat Cell Biol, 2007). Previously, we found an increase of miR-17, -144 and -21 in murine lung homogenate in Ovalbumin (OVA) induced allergic airway inflammation (AAI) and in nasal epithelial cells of children with allergic asthma. <b>Objective:</b> We now aimed to decipher the role of the bronchial epithelium in the production and secretion of miRNAs in asthma. <b>Methods:</b> Air-liquid interface cultures of primary normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells were treated with Interleukin (IL)13 to model early epithelial changes to a T-helper 2 environment. Exoquick-TC (System Biosciences) was used to isolate exosomes and they were quantified by flow cytometry or ELISA for CD63. miRNAs were analysed by qRT-PCR. <b>Results:</b> Initially, miR-17 and -21 levels were increased upon IL13 in the basal compartment of NHBE cells and later on the apical side. Both miRNAs were significantly up-regulated in murine bronchoalveolar lavage of OVA- and house dust mite induced AAI, although total exosome amounts were similar. We were able to detect all miRNAs in exosomes of human nasal washes. <b>Conclusion:</b> NHBE cells secrete exosomes upon IL13 to the apical and basal cell side, which show differential miR-17 and -21 levels. Both exosomal miRNAs were increased in murine BALF in AAI and detectable in human paediatric asthma. This is a first hint that exosomal miRNA patterns are changing during AAI development which could perpetuate an asthmatic response between epithelial cells and expand it to e.g. immune cells.
Endotoxin-Induced Uveitis in Cyclooxygenase-2–Deficient Mice (2004)

These data suggest that disturbance of the AA pathway exacerbates EIU in COX-2-deficient mice. IFN gamma moderately reverses this exacerbation and protects against EIU.
An Autonomous Scheme of Hotspot Adaptation for Small Cell with Active Antennas (2014)

In this paper, we investigate the combination of active antenna and small cell for dynamic hotspot adaptation. The tidal effect of the user traffic is of our interest and we propose to use the advanced antenna technology for small cell coverage adaptation with a clever communication retain ability enhancement scheme. The proposed active user detection and handling scheme could greatly help the communication retain ability of the impacted small cell users and avoid the unexpected radio link failure which leads to poor user experience.
Efficient tagging of visual fixations from mobile eye trackers using hierarchical clustering for batch processing (2010)

Purpose. Large mobile eye-tracking studies result in extensive amounts of data. [6, 7] There is a fundamental requirement to have an experimenter examine and classify each fixation. Processing time constrains the scope of eye-tracking studies. [2, 3] The goal: reduce data handling time using pattern recognition. Methods. Use models of human vision to help analyze human vision! Clusters of objects are recognized using simple features extracted from fixation images. Initial features were color histograms [1, 8], but modified to use univariate features. Previous methods required the solution of the Simplex method, circumvented here. High-level cluster analysis performed using the EMD [1, 9] for a distance metric between images, and Ward's procedure for linkage. Sub-Cluster analysis is performed on the resulting clusters using a disjoint feature set, allowing local adaptation. This sub-cluster analysis is mapped to a serpentine curve (a Hilbert-like curve) to preserve spatial coherence. Results. The EMD has been found to be a good model of visual similarity. Clusters were found to be pure 25% of the time! Roughly 75% of the time clusters containing 3 or fewer classes, accommodating human visual classification abilities. [4] Sub-cluster analysis successfully presented the images with good spatial coherence. Future work will involve improved algorithms, automatic feature selection, and adaptive recognition. Conclusions. Ward's method obviates the need for sophisticated feature matching. Clusters of fixation-images can be identified and presented to a user as a coherent group. The recognition of multiple similar fixation images reduces the workload of the experimenter by allowing entire clusters of fixations to be classified simultaneously, resulting in a 35:1 efficiency improvement.
Features of 5′-splice-site efficiency derived from disease-causing mutations and comparative genomics (2007)

Many human diseases, including Fanconi anemia, hemophilia B, neurofibromatosis, and phenylketonuria, can be caused by 5'-splice-site (5'ss) mutations that are not predicted to disrupt splicing, according to position weight matrices. By using comparative genomics, we identify pairwise dependencies between 5'ss nucleotides as a conserved feature of the entire set of 5'ss. These dependencies are also conserved in human-mouse pairs of orthologous 5'ss. Many disease-associated 5'ss mutations disrupt these dependencies, as can some human SNPs that appear to alter splicing. The consistency of the evidence signifies the relevance of this approach and suggests that 5'ss SNPs play a role in complex diseases.
ChemInform Abstract: MULTIPLE METAL‐CARBON BONDS. 30. RHENIUM(VII) NEOPENTYLIDENE AND NEOPENTYLIDYNE COMPLEXES (1983)

Abstract Der aus Re 2 O 7 und NH(SiMe3)(tBu) synthetisierte Tris‐[imino]‐ siloxy‐Re(VII) Komplex (I) bildet bei der Behandlung mit HCl den monomeren trigonal‐bipyramidalen Trichloro‐bis‐[imino]‐Komplex (II).
Whole grains-derived functional ingredients against hyperglycemia: targeting hepatic glucose metabolism (2023)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by the dysregulation of glucose homeostasis, resulting in hyperglycemia. However, concerns have been raised about the safety and efficacy of current hypoglycemic drugs due to undesirable side effects. Increasing studies have shown that whole grains (WG) consumption is inversely associated with the risk of T2DM and its subsequent complications. Thus, dietary strategies involving functional components from the WG provide an intriguing approach to restoring and maintaining glucose homeostasis. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the major functional components derived from WG and their positive effects on glucose homeostasis, demonstrates the underlying molecular mechanisms targeting hepatic glucose metabolism, and discusses the unclear aspects according to the latest viewpoints and current research. Improved glycemic response and insulin resistance were observed after consumption of WG-derived bioactive ingredients, which are involved in the integrated, multi-factorial, multi-targeted regulation of hepatic glucose metabolism. Promotion of glucose uptake, glycolysis, and glycogen synthesis pathways, while inhibition of gluconeogenesis, contributes to amelioration of abnormal hepatic glucose metabolism and insulin resistance by bioactive components. Hence, the development of WG-based functional food ingredients with potent hypoglycemic properties is necessary to manage insulin resistance and T2DM.
Staggered Maintenance of Multiple Views. (1996)

A materialized view needs to be maintained in response to changes to the tables used to derive the view. Incremental maintenance is typically done in two steps -- (1) compute the changes to the materialized view, and (2) refresh the materialized view by applying these changes. In this paper, we show that it is possible to interleave change computation of one view with refresh of other views so that the changes can be computed more efficiently than would be possible if the two steps were to occur sequentially in either order. The algebraic equations to compute the changes to a view are simplest when written in terms of both the pre-update and postupdate states of the deriving tables. By interleaving the refresh and change computation steps, we can guarantee that a table is always in the correct state during change computation. Such an interleaving corresponds to a staggered evaluation of the algebraic equations defining the changes -- hence the technique is called the staggered maintena...