gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Grain boundary properties of TlBa2Ca2Cu3Oxand Tl2Ba2CaCu2Oxthin films (1995)

We have investigated the transport properties of the grain boundaries of TlBa2Ca2Cu3Ox (Tl-1223) and Tl2Ba2CaCu2Ox (Tl-2212) epitaxial thin films. Both Tl-1223 and Tl-2212 thin films were grown on SrTiO3 bicrystal substrates with various tilt angles (5 degrees , 10 degrees , 15 degrees , 24 degrees and 36.8 degrees ) of (001) direction by a laser ablation and post-annealing method. For both Tl-1223 and Tl-2212 phases, the grain boundary Jc for large tilt angles ( theta >or=15 degrees ) at 5 K dropped by almost one order of magnitude, compared with the intragrain Jc. We also observed hysteretic magnetic-field dependence of grain boundary Jc for large tilt angles in both phases. On the other hand, the grain boundaries for low tilt angles ( theta <or=10 degrees ) retained high Jc in low magnetic fields. The critical tilt angle was found to have the same value (10 degrees ) in both phases and greater than that ( theta approximately=5 degrees ) for the YBa2Cu3O7- delta system. These results suggest that the grain boundaries for high tilt angle larger than 15 degrees limit transport critical current density as weak links for Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O systems.
ATPase activity of the sulfonylurea receptor: a catalytic function for the K ATP channel complex (2000)

ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels are unique metabolic sensors formed by association of Kir6.2, an inwardly rectifying K+ channel, and the sulfonylurea receptor SUR, an ATP binding cassette protein. We identified an ATPase activity in immunoprecipitates of cardiac KATP channels and in purified fusion proteins containing nucleotide binding domains NBD1 and NBD2 of the cardiac SUR2A isoform. NBD2 hydrolyzed ATP with a twofold higher rate compared to NBD1. The ATPase required Mg2+ and was insensitive to ouabain, oligomycin, thapsigargin, or levamisole. K1348A and D1469N mutations in NBD2 reduced ATPase activity and produced channels with increased sensitivity to ATP. KATP channel openers, which bind to SUR, promoted ATPase activity in purified sarcolemma. At higher concentrations, openers reduced ATPase activity, possibly through stabilization of MgADP at the channel site. K1348A and D1469N mutations attenuated the effect of openers on KATP channel activity. Opener-induced channel activation was also inhibited by the creatine kinase/creatine phosphate system that removes ADP from the channel complex. Thus, the KATP channel complex functions not only as a K+ conductance, but also as an enzyme regulating nucleotide-dependent channel gating through an intrinsic ATPase activity of the SUR subunit. Modulation of the channel ATPase activity and/or scavenging the product of the ATPase reaction provide novel means to regulate cellular functions associated with KATP channel opening.
Application foliaire et biodisponibilité des stimulateurs de défenses des plantes. Spécificités et limites en viticulture (2017)

IPMSPEINRAUBDOCT
A study of irrelevant variability normalization based training and unsupervised online adaptation for LVCSR (2010)

This paper presents an experimental study of a maximum likelihood (ML) approach to irrelevant variability normalization (IVN) based training and unsupervised online adaptation for large vocabulary continuous speech recognition. A moving window based frame labeling method is used for acoustic sniffing. The IVN-based approach achieves a 10% relative word error rate reduction over an ML-trained baseline system on a Switchboard-1 conversational telephone speech transcription task.
A Readily Scalable, Clinically Demonstrated, Antibiofouling Zwitterionic Surface Treatment for Implantable Medical Devices (Adv. Mater. 20/2022) (2022)

Antibiofouling Harmful microbes can grow freely on implanted medical devices such as catheters (as shown on the right). In article number 2200254, Amir Sheikhi, Richard B. Kaner, and co-workers, report a new method to apply a robust surface coating containing zwitterions, which creates a water layer that prevents biofilm formation (as shown on the left). This can improve the safety of the medical devices and reduce patient complications. Image credit: Amir Sheikhi/Penn State.
Structure solution of zeolites from powder diffraction data (2004)

Abstract This article reviews methods in structure determination of zeolites from powder diffraction data. First, examples of different model building techniques are discussed. Then the applications and limitations of conventional direct methods in zeolite structure solution are examined. Methods for partitioning overlapping peak intensities are also discussed, and examples are given to illustrate improvements in structure elucidation when these techniques are applied. Ab initio structure determination of zeolites from powder data has made great progress within the past 10 years. In particular, the developments of the ZEFSAII, FOCUS, and XLENS algorithms have allowed rapid structure solutions of zeolites, in some cases a few days after their initial discoveries.
An accurate sparse matrix based framework for statistical static timing analysis (2006)

Statistical Static Timing Analysis has received wide attention recently and emerged as a viable technique for manufacturability analysis. To be useful, however, it is important that the error introduced in SSTA be significantly smaller than the manufacturing variations being modeled. Achieving such accuracy requires careful attention to the delay models and to the algorithms applied. In this paper, we propose a new sparse-matrix based framework for accurate path-based SSTA, motivated by the observation that the number of timing paths in practice is sub-quadratic based on a study of industrial circuits and the ISCAS89 benchmarks. Our sparse-matrix based formulation has the following advantages: (a) It places no restrictions on process parameter distributions; (b) It embeds accurate polynomial-based delay model which takes into account slope propagation naturally; (c) It takes advantage of the matrix sparsity and high performance linear algebra for efficient implementation. Our experimental results are very promising.
Identification of a Predictive Factor for Reversible Neurological Adverse Events in a Subset of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients Treated with CD19-Specific BiTE ® Antibody Blinatumomab. (2009)

Abstract Abstract 4793 Blinatumomab is a CD19/CD3-bispecific antibody construct of the bispecific T cell engager (BiTE®) class showing as single agent a high rate and duration of responses in patients with relapsed non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and B-precursor acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). Blinatumomab has a favorable safety profile with exception of a subset of patients developing neurological adverse events (AEs) during the first days of treatment, such as confusion, speech impairment or cerebellar symptoms. Thus far, all relevant neurological AEs (11 out of 48 patients) were transient, fully reversible and resolved without sequelae within 3 to 72 hours after stop of infusion. In no case, pathological findings were seen upon cranial magnetic resonance imaging. Despite treatment discontinuation, 4 patients with neurological AEs have achieved an objective lymphoma remission. Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) taken within hours after stop of infusion showed detectable levels of blinatumomab in the majority of affected patients, while in one patient without neurological symptoms no blinatumomab was detectable in CSF during infusion. Moreover, increased levels of albumin and T lymphocytes in CSF support a disturbance of the blood brain barrier (BBB) as a possible underlying event. Analyses of patient serum samples for angiopoetin-2 and S100b are ongoing to investigate whether levels of the endothelial stress and BBB integrity marker, respectively, correlate with neurological AEs. In a retrospective analysis of 39 NHL patients, a baseline B cell to T cell (B:T) ratio in peripheral blood at or below 1:10 was identified as the only predictive factor for the subsequent occurrence of neurological AEs. The predictive value was then prospectively confirmed in 8 additional patients. Of note, ALL patients –despite very low B:T ratios– rarely showed neurological AEs, which may relate to previous intrathecal chemotherapy depleting target cells in the brain. Potential mechanisms for the neuroprotective effect of peripheral B cells are being investigated. In conclusion, we identified a simple measure to prospectively identify patients at risk of developing neurological AEs after onset of blinatumomab treatment. Mitigating measures are currently tested in these high-risk patients in order to avoid discontinuation of treatment. Disclosures: Zugmaier: Micromet: Employment, Equity Ownership. Nagorsen:Micromet: Employment, Equity Ownership. Klinger:Micromet: Employment, Equity Ownership. Bargou:Micromet: Consultancy, Patents &amp; Royalties. Baeuerle:Micromet: Employment, Equity Ownership. Kufer:Micromet: Employment, Equity Ownership, Patents &amp; Royalties.
Социально-экономическая эффективность использования инвестиций и инноваций интенсивного типа (2013)

В статье предложен методический подход к оценке социально-экономической эффективности использования инвестиций интенсивного типа в связи с предложенной классификацией выделения инвестиций и инноваций с точки зрения их влияния на процесс интенсификации общественного воспроизводства.
Liquid Injection ALD of Pb(Zr,Ti)O[sub x] Thin Films by a Combination of Self-Regulating Component Oxide Processes (2007)

Quaternary [PZT] films were deposited at by a combination of liquid injection atomic layer depositions (ALD) of binary PbO, , and thin films. We used water as the oxidant and two sets of precursors: , , and either or . These precursors were dissolved in ethylcyclohexane and separately injected into a vaporizer. The deposition rates of the metal elements were investigated as a function of the input of the solutions. We started the ALD–PZT process with . When the input of one solution was increased, the deposition rates of the metal elements continued to increase or fluctuate, showing a complex interdependence. A PZT film deposited on a three-dimensional (3D) structure had an inhomogeneous cation composition. The film uniformity on the 3D structure was significantly improved by substituting with . In this ALD–PZT process, self-regulated growths were confirmed for Pb and Zr. Although the deposition rate of Ti did not saturate due to a catalytic decomposition, this study suggests that the multilayer stacking ALD process is an effective method for building up homogeneous layers of multicomponent materials on desired 3D structures.
Extension of epipolar image analysis to circular camera movements (2004)

Epipolar image analysis is a robust method for 3D scene depth reconstruction that uses all available views of an image sequence simultaneously. It is restricted to horizontal, linear, and equidistant camera movements. In this paper, we present a concept for an extension of epipolar image analysis to other camera configurations like, e.g., circular movements. Instead of searching for straight lines in the epipolar image, we explicitly compute the trajectories of particular points through the image cube. Variation of the unknown depth leads to different curves. From those, the one corresponding to the true depth is selected by evaluating color constancy along the curve. In order to handle occlusions correctly an explicit occlusion compatible ordering scheme is derived for the case of circular movements. To compensate the influence of perspective projection we introduce a depth corrected epipolar image analysis algorithm which we call image cube trajectory analysis (ICT).
Gaussian Multiple and Random Access Channels: Finite-Blocklength Analysis (2021)

This paper presents finite-blocklength achievability bounds for the Gaussian multiple access channel (MAC) and random access channel (RAC) under average-error and maximal-power constraints. Using random codewords uniformly distributed on a sphere and a maximum likelihood decoder, the derived MAC bound on each transmitter’s rate matches the MolavianJazi-Laneman bound (2015) in its first- and second-order terms, improving the remaining terms to <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\frac {1}2\frac {\log {n}}{n}+{O} \left ({\frac {1}{n}}\right)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> bits per channel use. The result <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\vphantom {\sum ^{R}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> then extends to a RAC model in which neither the encoders nor the decoder knows which of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${K}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> possible transmitters are active. In the proposed rateless coding strategy, decoding occurs at a time <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${n}_{t}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> that depends on the decoder’s estimate <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${t}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of the number of active transmitters <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${k}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> . Single-bit feedback from the decoder to all encoders at each potential decoding time <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${n}_{i}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> , <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${i} \leq {t}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> , informs the encoders when to stop transmitting. For this RAC model, the proposed code achieves the same first-, second-, and third-order performance as the best known result for the Gaussian MAC in operation.
Myofibroblastic stromal cells isolated from human bone marrow induce the proliferation of both early myeloid and B-lymphoid cells (1993)

Normal human bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) were isolated from Dexter-type long-term cultures according to their capacity to adhere to plastic and to their lack of hematopoietic antigens. The BMSC displayed a homogeneous appearance and a myofibroblastic phenotype in culture. The stromal cells (SC) were shown to support the proliferation of purified CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors and permitted us to maintain myeloid cells for several weeks in culture. In addition, the BMSC induced the proliferation of purified CD10+ s mu- fetal BM B-cell precursors (BCP). The capacity of the BMSC to induce the proliferation of early myeloid cells was shared by several other human fibroblastic-like cell types. In contrast, the BMSC were far superior to other adherent cells for induction of BCP proliferation. This capacity was largely mediated by endogenously produced interleukin-7 (IL-7), because it could be inhibited by anti-IL-7 antibody. In line with this finding, addition of IL-7 considerably enhanced BCP proliferation in cocultures with skin fibroblasts or synoviocytes. Thus, production of IL-7 appears to be a critical parameter that determines the ability of fibroblastic-like cells to induce BCP proliferation. Taken together, our data show that normal human myofibroblastic BMSC induce the proliferation of both early myeloid and B-lymphoid cells in the absence of accessory hematopoietic cells. The present system should constitute a model to study interactions between native human BM myofibroblastic stroma and various hematopoietic cell subsets.
Global Survey of Variation in a Human Olfactory Receptor Gene Reveals Signatures of Non-Neutral Evolution (2015)

Allelic variation at 4 loci in the human olfactory receptor gene OR7D4 is associated with perceptual variation in the sex steroid-derived odorants, androstenone, and androstadienone. Androstadienone has been linked with chemosensory identification whereas androstenone makes pork from uncastrated pigs distasteful ("boar taint"). In a sample of 2224 individuals from 43 populations, we identified 45 OR7D4 single nucleotide polymorphisms. Coalescent modeling of frequency-site-spectrum-based statistics identified significant deviation from neutrality in human OR7D4; individual populations with statistically significant deviations from neutrality include Gujarati, Beijing Han, Great Britain, Iberia, and Puerto Rico. Analysis of molecular variation values indicated statistically significant population differentiation driven mainly by the 4 alleles associated with androstenone perception variation; however, fixation values were low suggesting that genetic structure may not have played a strong role in creating these group divisions. We also studied OR7D4 in the genomes of extinct members of the human lineage: Altai Neandertal and Denisovan. No variants were identified in Altai but 2 were in Denisova, one of which is shared by modern humans and one of which is novel. A functional test of modern human and a synthesized mutant Denisova OR7D4 indicated no statistically significant difference in responses to androstenone between the 2 species. Our results suggest non-neutral evolution for an olfactory receptor gene.
Decentralisation and Territorial Reforms in France: How Constitutional Constraints Impact Strategies for Reform (2012)

The debate on the right balance to strike between constitutional rigidity and flexibility and on how to organise relations in multilevel systems has become a problem for governments and a major object for academic research in federal states. One of the common beliefs in federal countries is that unitary states have chosen to be constitutionally less stable but more flexible in exchange for a lesser protection of minority rights or of certain territorial interests. Unitary states are supposed to be gifted with more resilient constitutional structures which in turn favour their capacity to adapt to change.
Ultrafast CMOS image sensors and data-enabled super-resolution for multimodal radiographic imaging and tomography (2023)

We summarize recent progress in ultrafast Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor development and the application of neural networks for post-processing of CMOS and charge-coupled device (CCD) image data to achieve sub-pixel resolution (thus $super$-$resolution$). The combination of novel CMOS pixel designs and data-enabled image post-processing provides a promising path towards ultrafast high-resolution multi-modal radiographic imaging and tomography applications.
Exploring the versatility of hydrogels derived from living organocatalytic ring-opening polymerization (2010)

In this work we have bridged the use of mild and living organocatalytic ring-opening polymerization to facilitate the synthesis of cross-linked networks with an emphasis on hydrogels. Amidine-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization of bis-carbonate macromonomers in the presence of an alcohol provides the onset for the reaction and various building blocks issued from the initiator, macromonomer and comonomer can be used in different proportions to tailor the swelling behavior and mechanical integrity of final networks. Easy modifications of the building blocks additionally allow for finely tuning the hydrogel functionality and/or promoting responsiveness in the final structure.
Experimental production and modulation of human cytotoxic dermatitis in human-murine chimeras. (1997)

Human dermatitis-involving cytotoxic interaction between effector lymphocytes and epithelial target cells has thus far been documented in vivo only as naturally occurring disease or as an iatrogenic complication of organ engraftment. In this report, we reproduce human cytotoxic dermatitis via local microinjection of heterologous human lymphocytes into human skin xenografted to mice with severe combined immune deficiency syndrome. Injection sites develop progressive T cell epidermotropism culminating in cytotoxic dermatitis resembling human lichen planus within 4 weeks. Effector T cells express a CD8+, TIA-1+ phenotype, proliferate locally, express interleukin-2 surface receptors, and demonstrate interferon-gamma mRNA induction after microinjection. Migration of these T cells into the epidermis is closely linked to experimental induction and coincident expression of intercellular adhesion molecule by keratinocytes. T cell apposition to keratinocytes is associated with endonuclease-mediated DNA fragmentation (apoptosis) in the latter cell type. Intraepidermal T cell migration and related lesion formation is partially abrogated by systemic administration of antisense oligonucleotide to ICAM-1 mRNA. These findings demonstrate that human cytotoxic tissue injury directed against epithelial targets can be produced and modulated in chimeric mice.
Application of the photo-elastic method to measurement of dynamic stress distribution for NS-GT cut quartz crystal resonators (1997)

NS-GT cut quartz crystal resonators are widely used as a frequency standard element in consumer products and communication equipment. The vibration mode of the resonators was analyzed by the finite element method (FEM) because they have a complicated shape. As a result, an asymmetrical vibration mode at the main resonant frequency has been obtained by the FEM simulation. But, it is necessary to confirm the asymmetrical vibration mode experimentally because it is just a simulation. In this paper, stress distributions of the NS-GT cut quartz crystal resonators are measured experimentally by using a dynamic photo-elastic method when the resonators are vibrating in the resonant frequency; thereafter, vibration modes of the NS-GT cut resonators are estimated with the experimental data of the stress distributions. This experiment for the NS-GT cut quartz crystal resonators exposes the existence of a twisted asymmetrical vibration mode at the main resonant frequency, with the magnitude of the twisted vibration in proportion to thickness of the resonators.
Specific binding of molecularly targeted agents to pancreas tumors and impact on observed optical contrast (2010)

In optical imaging it is thought that optimum tumor contrast can be achieved with the use of small-labeled molecular tracers that have high affinity to their targets and fast clearance rates from the blood stream and healthy tissues. An example of this is fluorescently tagged EGF to monitor the molecular activity of tumors, such as pancreatic cancer. Extensive fluorescence contrast analysis for fluorescence molecular tomography has been performed on the AsPC-1 pancreas tumor, grown orthotopically in mice; yet, the binding dynamics of the EGF-fluorescent agent in vivo is not completely known. The bulk pancreatic tumor displays 3:1 contrast relative to the normal pancreas at long times after injection; however, even higher levels of fluorescence in the liver, kidney and intestine suggest that molecular specificity for the tumor may be low. Mice were administered a fluorescently labeled EGF agent and were sacrificed at various time points post-injection. To analyze the amount of specific binding at each time point frozen tissue samples were fluorescently imaged, washed with saline to remove the interstitially distributed contrast agent, and then imaged again. This technique demonstrated that approximately ~10% of the molecular target was firmly bound to the cell, while 90% was mobile or unbound. This low binding ratio suggests that the contrast observed is from inherent properties of the tumor (i.e. enhanced permeability and retention effect) and not from specific bound contrast as previously anticipated. The use of EGF contrast agents in MRI-guided fluorescence tomography and the impact of low binding specificity are discussed.