gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Progressive Metabolic Dysfunction and Nutritional Variability Precedes Necrotizing Enterocolitis (2020)

Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) is associated with prematurity, enteral feedings, and enteral dysbiosis. Accordingly, we hypothesized that along with nutritional variability, metabolic dysfunction would be associated with NEC onset. <b>Methods:</b> We queried a multicenter longitudinal database that included 995 preterm infants (<32 weeks gestation) and included 73 cases of NEC. Dried blood spot samples were obtained on day of life 1, 7, 28, and 42. Metabolite data from each time point included 72 amino acid (AA) and acylcarnitine (AC) measures. Nutrition data were averaged at each of the same time points. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using samples obtained prior to NEC diagnosis and adjusted for potential confounding variables. Nutritional and metabolic data were plotted longitudinally to determine relationship to NEC onset. <b>Results:</b> Day 1 analyte levels of alanine, phenylalanine, free carnitine, C16, arginine, C14:1/C16, and citrulline/phenylalanine were associated with the subsequent development of NEC. Over time, differences in individual analyte levels associated with NEC onset shifted from predominantly AAs at birth to predominantly ACs by day 42. Subjects who developed NEC received significantly lower weight-adjusted total calories (<i>p</i> < 0.001) overall, a trend that emerged by day of life 7 (<i>p</i> = 0.020), and persisted until day of life 28 (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and 42 (<i>p</i> < 0.001). <b>Conclusion:</b> Premature infants demonstrate metabolic differences at birth. Metabolite abnormalities progress in parallel to significant differences in nutritional delivery signifying metabolic dysfunction in premature newborns prior to NEC onset. These observations provide new insights to potential contributing pathophysiology of NEC and opportunity for clinical care-based prevention.
Conditional random fields for phase‐based lung feature tracking with ultra‐low‐dose x‐rays (2019)

The tumor position estimation is comparable to state-of-the-art methods despite its low imaging dose. Training CRFs further allows a prediction of the following phase and offers a precise post-treatment evaluation tool when decoding the full image sequence.
Use of Multicopy Transposons Bearing Unfitness Genes in Weed Control: Four Example Scenarios (2014)

We speculate that multicopy transposons, carrying both fitness and unfitness genes, can provide new positive and negative selection options to intractable weed problems. Multicopy transposons rapidly disseminate through populations, appearing in approximately 100% of progeny, unlike nuclear transgenes, which appear in a proportion of segregating populations. Different unfitness transgenes and modes of propagation will be appropriate for different cases: (1) outcrossing Amaranthus spp. (that evolved resistances to major herbicides); (2) Lolium spp., important pasture grasses, yet herbicide-resistant weeds in crops; (3) rice (Oryza sativa), often infested with feral weedy rice, which interbreeds with the crop; and (4) self-compatible sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), which readily crosses with conspecific shattercane and with allotetraploid johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense). The speculated outcome of these scenarios is to generate weed populations that contain the unfitness gene and thus are easily controllable. Unfitness genes can be under chemically or environmentally inducible promoters, activated after gene dissemination, or under constitutive promoters where the gene function is utilized only at special times (e.g. sensitivity to an herbicide). The transposons can be vectored to the weeds by introgression from the crop (in rice, sorghum, and Lolium spp.) or from planted engineered weed (Amaranthus spp.) using a gene conferring the degradation of a no longer widely used herbicide, especially in tandem with an herbicide-resistant gene that kills all nonhybrids, facilitating the rapid dissemination of the multicopy transposons in a weedy population.
38-GHz wide-band point-to-multipoint measurements under different weather conditions (2000)

This paper presents 38-GHz wide-band point-to-multipoint measurement results from various weather events. 73963 measured power delay profiles indicate that multipath can occur due to the foliage and the reflection from wet surfaces during rain. The received signal strength during rain varies according to a Rician distribution with a K factor inversely proportional to the rain rate. The measured rain attenuation exceeds Crane's model prediction by several decibels. The results may aid in design of broadband millimeter-wave communication systems.
Der wunderbare florentinische Geist : Einblicke in die Kultur und Ideengeschichte des Rinascimento. Mit einer Einleitung von Ulrich Arnswald und einem Nachwort von Hans-Peter Schütt und Bernd Thum (2011)

Mit dem treffenden Ausdruck "Der wunderbare florentinische Geist" bezeichnet Jacob Burckhardt den Geist der Erneuerung in Florenz zur Zeit der italienischen Renaissance - des Rinascimento. Er revolutionierte die unterschiedlichsten kulturellen Bereiche, wie etwa das politische Denken, Wissenschaft, Technik und Kunst. Dieser Geist wirkt bis heute fort. In seiner vielfältigen Gestalt dient er als Ausgangspunkt, um den Hintergrund der europäischen Kultur zu erkunden.
A Combined Joint Diagonalization and ONVMS Approach for ESTCP Live‐Site TEMTADS Data Inversion and Classification Studies (2011)

In the paper, the advanced models, which combines: 1) the joint diagonalization (JD) algorithm and 2) the ortho‐normalized volume magnetic source (ONVMS) method are employed for the ESTCP Live‐site UXO Discrimination Study at former Camp Butner, NC. The JD is used for estimating number of potential anomalies from the measured data without inversion by analyzing the multi static data matrix's eigenvalues and the ONVMS that is physically complete EMI forward model is used for representing targets' EMI responses. The studies were conducted for the next generation sensor data: Time‐domain Electromagnetic Multi‐sensor Tower Array Detection System (TEMTADS) sensor's cued data sets collected at the Camp Bunter, live UXO site. These sensors provide the measured multi‐static response (MSR) data matrix. Eigenvalues versus time, which are determined using the JD from the MSR data matrix, provide information about the number of targets contributing to the signal and their initial classification features. Once the number of targets is known, then data are inverted using the differential evolution algorithms and targets intrinsic parameters, such as the total ONVMS that is a function of target's geometry and material composition, are determined for each potential target. These intrinsic parameters are grouped. For each group an anomaly is identified and ground truth is requested. Once the requested ground truth data are obtained, then each of the groups are classified. First, the paper describes advanced EMI methods' data inversion, processing and discrimination schemes in detail, and then the excellent classification results scored by the Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA) are presented for the TEMTADS sensor Camp Butner, NC cued data sets.
Closed-chest ablation of left lateral atrioventricular accessory pathways (1989)

Thirty patients with a left lateral accessory pathway and drug refractory tachycardia underwent attempted transcatheter ablation of the accessory pathway. Three had a concealed accessory pathway and 27 had the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. A quadripolar electrode catheter was positioned within the coronary sinus in order to locate the earliest retrograde atrial activation during orthodromic reciprocating tachycardia. The appropriate bipole was used as the radiographic and electrophysiologic reference of the insertion of the accessory pathway. A catheter was then introduced into the left atrium, through a patent foramen ovale (six patients) or after transseptal catheterization (14 patients) according to Croft's technique, or using a retrograde transaortic approach (10 patients). The mitral annulus was mapped with the left atrial catheter in order to record a synchronous or earlier atrial deflection than reference during reciprocating tachycardia. VA' time at the preablation site was 82 +/- 12 ms. Two to seven 160 J cathodal shocks (650 +/- 205 J cumulative per patient) were delivered at this site in 38 sessions. No significant side-effects occurred except for one case of right coronary artery spasm leading to inferior wall infarction. Following fulguration, accessory pathway conduction was abolished in all patients but one with a second accessory pathway. During follow-up of 1-34 months, all patients but one were free of tachycardia: reciprocating tachycardia recurred in one patient, who had a concealed accessory pathway, on the third day. Accessory pathway conduction, assessed in 10 other patients 3-26 months after the procedure, was absent. Coronary arteriography performed in seven patients was normal.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Cell‐mediated cytotoxicity following influenza infection and vaccination in humans (1979)

Cell-mediated cytotoxic activity in circulating mononuclear cells from 31 volunteers challenged with live influenza A/Victoria virus, and 22 volunteers vaccinated with inactivated influenza vaccine, was examined employing target cells infected with several viruses by means of a 51Cr release assay. Effectors from infected volunteers, and from volunteers who manifested four-fold rises in serum HAI antibody after vaccination, demonstrated significantly elevated levels of cytotoxicity against targets infected with the homologous virus. Elevated cytotoxicity was seen by days 3 and 4 after challenge or vaccination and returned to baseline levels by day 9 to 10. In infected volunteers, cytotoxic activity was broadly directed, rising against targets infected with an antigenically distinct virus within the same influenza type (A), against targets infected with a serologically unrelated virus of a different influenza type (B), and also against cells infected with Newcastle disease virus, a paramyxovirus from another species. However, elevated levels of cytotoxicity were not observed when targets infected with herpes simplex virus, a member of an entirely different virus group, or when uninfected target cells were employed. In vaccinated volunteers, the rise in cytotoxicity was more restricted than after infection, since elevated cytotoxic activity was seen only against cells infected with the homologous virus and not against inflenza B-infected cells. Fractionation of mononuclear cell populations indicated that effector cell activity is associated with T-cell depleted fractions and can only partially be reduced by depletion of adherent cells. The rapid development, short duration, and broadly directed specificity of this cytotoxic response suggest that it may be involved in early events following acute influenza infection in humans.
Supplementary Data from First-In-Human Study of Cemiplimab Alone or In Combination with Radiotherapy and/or Low-dose Cyclophosphamide in Patients with Advanced Malignancies (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Combination of all supplementary materials&lt;/p&gt;
Time Domain Modeling of Tunable Response of Graphene (2013)

We present a causal numerical model for time domain simulations of the optical response of graphene. The dielectric function is approximated with a conductivity term, a Drude term and a number of the critical points terms.
Kerr lens mode locking (1992)

Self-focusing in conjunction with an intracavity aperture creates a power-dependent amplitude modulation in laser oscillators, which allows passive mode locking. A simple analytical formalism yields closed-form expressions for the depth of passive amplitude modulation introduced by either the spatial gain profile or a hard aperture inserted in the resonator. Design issues for this mode-locking technique are discussed.
Yb fiber laser chirped pulse amplifier system using a fiber Bragg grating stretcher matched to the Treacy compressor (2004)

Chirped-pulse amplification of a modelocked Yb fiber laser in a large mode-area polarization-maintaining Yb-fiber using a nonlinearly-chirped fiber Bragg-grating stretcher is demonstrated. Pulses with 8nm bandwidth are amplified to 43µJ and 1000× recompressed to 900fs.
Catalytic Combustion Systems for Microscale Gas Turbine Engines (2005)

As part of an ongoing effort to develop a microscale gas turbine engine for power generation and micropropulsion applications, this paper presents the design, modeling, and experimental assessment of a catalytic combustion system. Previous work has indicated that homogenous gas-phase microcombustors are severely limited by chemical reaction timescales. Storable hydrocarbon fuels, such as propane, have been shown to blow out well below the desired mass flow rate per unit volume. Heterogeneous catalytic combustion has been identified as a possible improvement. Surface catalysis can increase hydrocarbon-air reaction rates, improve ignition characteristics, and broaden stability limits. Several radial inflow combustors were micromachined from silicon wafers using deep reactive ion etching and aligned fusion wafer bonding. The 191mm3 combustion chambers were filled with platinum-coated foam materials of various porosity and surface area. For near stoichiometric propane-air mixtures, exit gas temperatures of 1100K were achieved at mass flow rates in excess of 0.35g∕s. This corresponds to a power density of ∼1200MW∕m3; an 8.5-fold increase over the maximum power density achieved for gas-phase propane-air combustion in a similar geometry. Low-order models, including time-scale analyses and a one-dimensional steady-state plug-flow reactor model, were developed to elucidate the underlying physics and to identify important design parameters. High power density catalytic microcombustors were found to be limited by the diffusion of fuel species to the active surface, while substrate porosity and surface area-to-volume ratio were the dominant design variables.
Clinical usefulness of serum telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA as a novel tumor marker for lung cancer (2006)

Using a newly developed assay of telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA in serum by real-time RT-PCR, we previously reported this assay to be superior to other tumor markers for hepatoma. In this study, we aimed to clarify its clinical significance as a biomarker for lung cancer. In 112 patients with lung tumor and 80 individuals without cancer, we measured serum hTERT mRNA and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA levels, using a quantitative one-step real-time RT-PCR assay. We examined its sensitivity and specificity in lung cancer diagnosis, its clinical significance in comparison with other tumor markers, and its correlation with the clinical parameters using multivariate analyses and correlation relative tests. The copy number of serum hTERT mRNA was independently correlated with tumor size, tumor number, presence of metastasis and recurrence, and smoking (all P < 0.05). EGFR mRNA correlated with tumor number and clinical stage (both P < 0.05). The sensitivity and specificity in lung cancer diagnosis were 89.0% and 72.7% for hTERT mRNA, and 71.3% and 80.0% for EGFR mRNA, respectively. hTERT mRNA was superior to other tumor markers in lung cancer diagnosis. For both mRNAs, serum levels were significantly correlated with levels in lung cancer tissues (both P < 0.05). The copy number of hTERT mRNA significantly decreased after the surgical treatment. The data suggest that hTERT mRNA, especially when combined with EGFR mRNA, is a novel and excellent biomarker for pulmonary malignancies to diagnose and assess the clinical stage.
Stereocontrol of 2-Pyridone [4 + 4] Photocycloaddition: A Thermal-Photochemical Cycle To Produce Exclusively Trans Cycloadducts (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereocontrol of 2-Pyridone [4 + 4] Photocycloaddition: A Thermal-Photochemical Cycle To Produce Exclusively Trans CycloadductsScott M. Sieburth and Chao-Hsiung LinCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 13, 3597–3599Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00092a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00092a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views137Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Effect of halogenated impurities on lifetime of organic light emitting diode (2016)

We investigated a correlation between lifetime and the halogen element concentration in an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) and conducted experiments and simulations to discuss degradation mechanisms due to the halogen. OELD is generally formed of high-purity materials. Since the synthesis of high-purity materials takes time and cost, quantitative understanding of the kind, amount, and influence of impurities in OLED devices is expected. The results of combustion ion chromatography show that, if the chlorine concentration in the host material is more than several parts per million, the lifetime of the device is drastically reduced. The chlorine element, which is derived from the chlorinated by-product of the host material, is found to be transferred from the chloride to other materials (e.g., an emissive dopant) according to the results of LC-MS analysis. In addition, the electron transport layer including such impurities is also found to adversely affect the lifetime. The results of TOF-SIMS analysis suggest that the dissociated chlorine element diffuse to the light-emitting layer side when the device is driven. The results of simulations (Gaussian 09) and electrochemical analyses (cyclic voltammetry and electrolysis) reveal that the halogen element is easy to dissociate from halide by excitation or reduction. The halogen element can repeat reactions with the peripheral materials by excitation or reduction and cause damages, e.g., generate radicals or further reaction products due to the radicals. The results of simulation suggest that, such compounds have low energy level and become quenchers.
P3‐415: TESTING OF INNATE IMMUNITY STIMULATION VIA TLR9 ON CEREBRAL AMYLOID ANGIOPATHY USING NON‐HUMAN PRIMATES (2014)

Considerable effort has been directed toward the development of immunotherapeutic approaches for AD. A potential complication of immunomodulation is the occurrence of cerebral microhemorrhages associated with increased cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). Our initial findings indicate that stimulation of innate immunity with TLR9 agonist CpG ODN is an effective means of reducing CAA without inducing toxicity in AD mouse models. Transgenic models are ideal for initial screening of a potential therapy; however prior to clinical trials it is imperative to also perform studies in models more similar to humans that naturally develop AD related pathology. We advanced our study using the well characterized non-human primate model of sporadic CAA, squirrel monkey (Saimiri Boliviensis). Safety and efficacy assessment studies were first performed in young monkeys. Varying doses of the class B CpG ODN preparations containing the primate specific immunostimulatory sequence were administered subcutaneously. The most effective and non-toxic dosage determined was selected for our long term studies in elderly monkeys (with expected CAA deposits). Both age groups were subjected to behavioral testing. The peripheral cytokine responses were analyzed in plasma and PBMC supernatants. Expression of TLR9 in squirrel monkey PBMCs was confirmed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy. CpG ODN elevated the levels of various Th1/Th2 cytokines in plasma from young monkeys. The cytokine responses were dose related and with inter-subject variability in kinetics. No signs of toxicity were observed. Elderly monkeys underwent behavioral testing before immunization. Old animals demonstrated cognitive deficits on the Inhibitory Control of Behavior and Delayed Response tests. Learning and memory will also be assessed in the final month of treatment. Plasma samples are being analyzed to further define immune responses and potential AD biomarkers. Administration of CpG ODN 2006 in young monkeys was effective in inducing immunostimulatory response in the absence of any toxicity. We believe that this type of immunomodulation will lead to reductions in CAA burden correlating with behavioral improvements, without associated microhemorrhages or encephalitis. Our studies represent the first trial of treatment specifically targeting CAA in non-human primates and will provide essential information prior to any clinical use of CpG ODN.
Cyclopropanation of 3,4‐Dihydro‐1H‐benzo[e][1,4]diazepine‐2,5‐diones. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Communication Costs of Parallel Volume Rendering of Large Images on a Network Of Workstations (1996)

. Direct Volume Rendering is a popular technique for visualization of 3D datasets that offers many advantages over other algorithms but requires important computing power. Efficient parallelization is therefore an essential need. Taking advantage of an existing LAN instead of using a dedicated parallel architecture can be a cost-effective solution. However this requires special attention in algorithm design to the specific aspects of a LAN as a parallel computing system (long latency, slow throughput). Besides, due to their large volume (up to 1GB), 3D datasets as those produced by modern medical scanners can not be made entirely resident into main memory. We present in this paper the study of an algorithm for direct volume rendering of large images on a local network of workstations which does not assume the presence of the whole dataset in main memory. A method for handling large distributed 3D image datasets is proposed and three parallelization strategies are compared based on comm...
Procedimiento y catalizadores para la obtención selectiva de acetales (1999)

Referencia OEPM: P9502186.-- Fecha de solicitud: 08/11/1995.-- Titulares: Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC).