gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Birth Weight is Not Related to Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (2008)

Birth weight was not associated with diabetic retinopathy.
Reibungs- und Verschleißuntersuchungen an Gleitpaarungen aus ingenieurkeramischen Werkstoffen in wäßrigen Lösungen (1992)

Neben einer Literaturubersicht z. tribologischen Verhalten ingenieurkeramischer Werkstoffe in wassrigen Zwischenstoffen bzw. feuchter Umgebung werden Ergebnisse zum Reibungs- u. Verschleisverhalten von 6 kommerziellen keramischen Werkstoffen vorgestellt.
Modular Multilevel Converter AC Motor Drives With Constant Torque From Zero to Nominal Speed (2013)

Modular multilevel converters are shown to have a great potential in the area of medium-voltage drives. Low-distortion output quantities combined with low average switching frequencies for the semiconductor devices create an ideal combination for very high-efficiency drives. However, the large number of devices and capacitors that have to conduct the fundamental-frequency current require more complex converter control techniques than its two-level counterpart. Special care needs to be taken for starting and operation at low speeds, where the low-frequency current may cause significant unbalance between the submodule capacitor voltages and disturb the output waveforms. In this paper, principles for converter operation with high torque in the whole speed range are investigated. Experimental results from a down-scaled 12-kVA prototype converter running a loaded motor at various speeds between standstill and the rated speed are also provided.
Surface accessibility of 13C-labeled lysine residues in membrane-bound myelin basic protein. (1984)

Surface-exposed regions of membrane-bound myelin basic protein--the major extrinsic membrane protein of central nervous system myelin--have been implicated as possible antigenic sites in diseased myelin. With the goal of determining the extent and nature of these regions, we have prepared basic protein modified with 13CH3-enriched acetyl groups at 7 of its 13 lysine residues. The resulting protein was placed in a membrane environment and studied by NMR spectroscopy to determine the location and rates of molecular motion of the labeled side chains with respect to lipid bilayers of the membrane. When 13C NMR spectra were obtained of the acetylated protein bound to multilamellar vesicles prepared from dimyristoylphosphatidic acid in the gel state (T = 33 degrees C), conditions under which reduced motion in the lipid bilayer broadens methylene and methyl 13C resonances of the membrane beyond detection (i.e. greater than 75-100 Hz), line widths of membrane-bound protein were measured to be 7.8 Hz, an increase of 4 Hz versus free protein. A reduction of 25-30% in integrated intensity observed in protein acetyl resonances upon membrane interaction was shown to be attributable to a population of protein-aggregated liposomes whose resonances were similarly too broad to be observed. Thus, the epsilon-acetyllysyl probes distributed throughout the protein do not penetrate the dimyristoylphosphatidic acid bilayer, but must reside in the interstitial aqueous spaces at or between membrane surfaces. These findings suggest an overall surface accessibility of membrane-bound myelin basic protein and are therefore incompatible with a model for the protein involving membrane-embedded loops or regions of functional significance.
Wireless Communication for Factory Automation: an opportunity for LTE and 5G systems (2016)

The evolution of wireless communication from 4G toward 5G is driven by application demands and business models envisioned for 2020 and beyond. This requires network support for novel use cases in addition to classical mobile broadband services. Wireless factory automation is an application area with highly demanding communication requirements. We classify these requirements and identify the opportunities for the current LTE air interface for factory automation applications. Moreover, we give an outlook on the relevant design considerations to be addressed by 5G communication systems.
La fraude scientifique (2011)

S’il y a une chose à laquelle je ne me suis jamais intéressé dans ma vie, c’est bien cette question de la fraude scientifique ; c’est pour cela que, lorsque mes deux collègues m’ont demandé d’intervenir pour en discuter, j’ai pensé que je pourrais répondre, éventuellement, mais je me suis demandé, pourquoi moi ? Comprenez donc que l’exercice auquel je vais me livrer s’appelle, en patinage artistique, « figure imposée », avec le risque évident de terminer à quatre pattes. J’aimerais prendre l...
Adaptive level of detail in dynamic, refreshable tactile graphics (2012)

We investigate gains in user appreciation and performance when the level of detail of tactile graphics is dynamically altered either at the press of a button or automatically, as a function of exploration speed. This concept was evaluated by asking 9 visually impaired participants to perform hierarchical spatial search tasks in a concert hall illustration. The tasks could be simplified by first searching for a section in a sparse illustration, and then a seat in a detailed illustration. The results show no improvement in task performance but indicate a user preference for explicitly controlling the level of details with the manual toggle.
Unstable fracture-dislocations of the elbow. (2007)

Fracture-dislocations of the elbow are devastating injuries. The surgeon must maintain a high index of suspicion when evaluating an elbow dislocation to avoid missing critical associated injuries. Patterns of unstable fracture-dislocations include the "terrible triad" injury of the elbow (elbow dislocation, radial head fracture, and coronoid fracture), transolecranon fracture-dislocations, and the posterior Monteggia lesion. Complex fracture-dislocations of the elbow are treated surgically and are challenging injuries to manage. Elbow stability must be restored by addressing the specific components of the injury. The proximal ulna must be anatomically reduced and internally fixed, the radial head must be repaired or replaced, and substantial coronoid fractures must be repaired or reconstructed. Soft-tissue injuries must also be treated. The lateral ulnar collateral ligament and extensor origin reattachment can be easily performed. The next critical step is to intraoperatively assess the stability of the elbow with a range-of-motion assessment with the forearm in pronation. If the elbow remains unstable, application of a hinged elbow external fixator or repair of the medial collateral ligament must be considered. The goal of reconstruction is early mobilization within a stable arc of motion. This treatment protocol has the potential to improve the suboptimal outcomes reported in the literature for such injuries.
Enhancing coexistence in the unlicensed band with massive MIMO (2017)

We consider cellular base stations (BSs) equipped with a large number of antennas and operating in the unlicensed band. We denote such system as massive MIMO unlicensed (mMIMO-U). We design the key procedures required to guarantee coexistence between a cellular BS and nearby Wi-Fi devices. These include: neighboring Wi-Fi channel covariance estimation, allocation of spatial degrees of freedom for interference suppression, and enhanced channel sensing and data transmission phases. We evaluate the performance of the so-designed mMIMO-U, showing that it allows simultaneous cellular and Wi-Fi transmissions by keeping their mutual interference below the regulatory threshold. The same is not true for conventional listen-before-talk (LBT) operations. As a result, mMIMO-U boosts the aggregate cellular-plus-Wi-Fi data rate in the unlicensed band with respect to conventional LBT, exhibiting increasing gains as the number of BS antennas grows.
The Importance of Iminium Geometry Control in Enamine Catalysis: Identification of a New Catalyst Architecture for Aldehyde—Aldehyde Couplings. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
optimization Model for Planning Precision Grasps with Multi-Fingered Hands (2019)

Precision grasps with multi-fingered hands are important for precise placement and in-hand manipulation tasks. Searching precision grasps on the object represented by point cloud, is challenging due to the complex object shape, high-dimensionality, collision and undesired properties of the sensing and positioning. This paper proposes an optimization model to search for precision grasps with multi-fingered hands. The model takes noisy point cloud of the object as input and optimizes the grasp quality by iteratively searching for the palm pose and finger joints positions. The collision between the hand and the object is approximated and penalized by a series of least-squares. The collision approximation is able to handle the point cloud representation of the objects with complex shapes. The proposed optimization model is able to locate collision-free optimal precision grasps efficiently. The average computation time is 0.50 sec/grasp. The searching is robust to the incompleteness and noise of the point cloud. The effectiveness of the algorithm is demonstrated by experiments.
Silver Modified MnO2 As an Electro-Catalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Alkaline Fuel-Cell and Battery Applications (2016)

The commercial viability of alkaline fuel cells and metal-air batteries as future energy applications hinges to a large extent on the development of highly efficient catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Currently, platinum nanoparticles are the de facto cathode electrode materials to catalyze the sluggish ORR [1]. However, the scarcity of Pt metal coupled with their ever-growing demand are key obstacles for the broad deployment of this precious metal in all commercial technologies [2]. The logical solution to this persistent problem is an alternate catalyst with good ORR capabilities and durability at a reduced cost. Several metals, metal-oxides, and non-metal based catalyst are being studied as alternate ORR catalysts with limited success [3]. Among metal-oxides, manganese oxide (MnO 2 ) has gathered enormous interest due to their ability to catalyze the disproportionation reaction of HO 2 - to H 2 O and catalyze 4-electron reduction of oxygen in combination with another material (usually carbon) active for 2-electron reduction of oxygen to peroxide [4]. Another method to improve ORR capabilities is to incorporate a small amount of noble metals in to the metal-oxide catalyst structure. It is expected that modifying catalysts with an inexpensive noble-metal such as silver would result in an improvement in the electrochemical performance of the cathode without significantly increasing catalyst cost. Additionally, the high activity of silver for oxygen reduction [5] and their superior electrical conductivity probably have additional synergy effect on the catalysts as shown for other bi-functional catalyst [6]. The objectives of this study are as follows: (i) synthesis and evaluation of MnO 2 nanoparticles structure/morphology with and without silver, (ii) characterization of the synthesized catalyst materials using RDE to determine the effect of silver addition on the ORR kinetics, and, (iii) long-term durability testing of the cathodes prepared with different catalysts at higher current density to ensure their feasibility as ORR cathodes in alkaline media. Fig. 1. shows the TEM and XRD of the MnO 2 catalyst synthesized using the hydrothermal method. The XRD peaks of the catalyst powder as shown in Fig. 1a were identified as MnO 2 , while the TEM image shows a flake-like structure. Long-term durability testing of the MnO 2 -based cathode was performed using the three electrode cell design. Fig. 2 shows the voltage measured at the cathode maintained at a constant current density of -150 mA.cm -2 in 6 M KOH. Clearly, no noticeable drop in voltage was observed for 200 hr indicating good stability of the cathode for ORR over extended periods. - Figure 1
Surgery by consultant gynecologic oncologists improves survival in patients with ovarian carcinoma (2005)

The surgical treatment of patients with ovarian carcinoma by gynecologic oncologists occurred more often according to surgical guidelines, tumor removal more often was complete, and survival was improved.
Quantal Ca2+ release mediated by very few IP3 receptors that rapidly inactivate allows graded responses to IP3 (2021)

Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP<sub>3</sub>Rs) are intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels that link extracellular stimuli to Ca<sup>2+</sup> signals. Ca<sup>2+</sup> release from intracellular stores is "quantal": low IP<sub>3</sub> concentrations rapidly release a fraction of the stores. Ca<sup>2+</sup> release then slows or terminates without compromising responses to further IP<sub>3</sub> additions. The mechanisms are unresolved. Here, we synthesize a high-affinity partial agonist of IP<sub>3</sub>Rs and use it to demonstrate that quantal responses do not require heterogenous Ca<sup>2+</sup> stores. IP<sub>3</sub>Rs respond incrementally to IP<sub>3</sub> and close after the initial response to low IP<sub>3</sub> concentrations. Comparing functional responses with IP<sub>3</sub> binding shows that only a tiny fraction of a cell's IP<sub>3</sub>Rs mediate incremental Ca<sup>2+</sup> release; inactivation does not therefore affect most IP<sub>3</sub>Rs. We conclude, and test by simulations, that Ca<sup>2+</sup> signals evoked by IP<sub>3</sub> pulses arise from rapid activation and then inactivation of very few IP<sub>3</sub>Rs. This allows IP<sub>3</sub>Rs to behave as increment detectors mediating graded Ca<sup>2+</sup> release.
Intrazeolite Organometallics (1986)

The process of loading zeolites with organometallic complexes always brings to the forefront the question of internal versus external confinement of the metal guest. In this paper we present some experiments based on size exclusion, metal loading and intrazeolite chemistry which in conjunction with FT-FAR-IR, EPR and UV-visible reflectance spectroscopy, critically probe the question of internal versus external location for the case of five representative organometallics, (η6-C6H6)2V, (η5-C5H5)2Cr, (η5-C5H5)2Fe, (C6H5CH3)2Co, and Co2(CO)8.
Predicting errors from spectral overlap in multi-probe and multi-laser flow cytometry (2013)

In flow cytometry a group of cells labeled with a fluorescent probe molecule or dye is focused into a single cell stream passing through a laser light source. The fluorescent light is filtered and sampled by an array of detectors. In many cases a single light source and one probe/dye molecule have been used. But additional information can be obtained if several different laser wavelengths and multiple probes fluorescing at other wavelengths are used. We consider four lasers at 488nm, 532nm, 640nm and 785nm which occur near the peak absorptions of common fluorescent probes, Alexa488, Alexa532, Alexa647 and Alexa750, respectively. In some cases overlapping of the various fluorescent spectra occur. This effect can be mitigated by checking the emitted signals in individual wavelength channels and subtracting them, a practice known as compensation. But residual amounts of fluorescence as well as phosphorescence may not be completely taken into account because of the photodetector sensitivity. Using our unique numerical we calculated both the fluorescence and phosphorescence intensities in a multi-laser and multi-probe configuration. The total intensities of the fluorescent state and phosphorescent state are calculated for a range of laser powers from 5mW to 100mW. We found that there can be significant overlap between fluorescence and phosphorescence emission from multiple dyes.
ChemInform Abstract: An Enantioselective Synthesis of N‐Methylfucosamine via Tandem C‐C/C‐O Bond Formation. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Development and evaluation of three-dimensional metrology of nanopatterns using electron microscopy (2022)

The semiconductor industry continuously moves toward smaller features and more complex, three-dimensional (3D) structures to enable next-generation devices. Thus there is a high need for 3D metrology techniques that would provide feedback to the advancing nanoscale fabrication processes. We introduce an approach for evaluating, calibrating, and developing new metrology of nanopatterns through comparing the new metrology data to 3D ground truth data, obtained by accurate scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) tomography 3D characterization. We demonstrate this approach by evaluating 3D height maps of sub-20-nm patterns obtained using multi-secondary electron detector scanning electron microscopy (multi-perspective SEM) and photometric stereo algorithm. We demonstrate the importance of full 3D characterization, including cross-sectional structure, height fluctuations, and line edge roughness to truly probe the pattern’s average structures and their 3D variations. Although STEM tomography is a high-resolution and accurate method, it is considered demanding in terms of sample preparation and cannot be used as an efficient in-line metrology method. However, we show that it can be used as a reliable 3D characterization technique to obtain the necessary 3D data for the development of new 3D metrology tools and demonstrate this approach by evaluating the accessible, in-line, multi-perspective SEM.
Contralateral interoptic approach to paraclinoid aneurysms: a patient-selection algorithm based on anatomical investigation and clinical validation (2020)

The contralateral interoptic approach is a feasible route to access aneurysms that arise from the medial paraclinoid ICA. An aneurysm can be safely clipped via the contralateral interoptic trajectory if 1) both proximal and distal borders of the aneurysm neck are 2.5-8.4 mm distal to the DDR, and 2) at least one border of the aneurysm neck on the coronal clockface is 21.7°-130.9° medial to the vertical line.
Effect of Pressure and Temperature on the Sorption of Gases by Fluoroelastomers (2022)

Fluoroelastomers (FKMs) are widely used in high-pressure and high-temperature environments in the oil and gas industry. However, gas sorption at high pressure and high temperature in FKMs still remains unclear. Understanding the gas sorption process in FKMs at high pressure and temperature will help in the prevention of failure due to rapid gas decompression. In this work, we investigated primarily the effect of pressure (up to 15,000 kPa) and temperature (up to 125 °C) on CO2 and N2 gas sorption in FKMs. The isothermal solubility of the gases increases linearly with an increase in pressure in accordance with Henry′s law. The pressure dependence of solubility is much stronger for CO2 compared to N2. The kinetics of sorption for both the gases was modeled and analyzed. CO2 gas sorption showed higher activation energy (9.8 ± 1.0 kJ/mol) compared to N2 gas sorption (1.1 ± 0.1 kJ/mol) at 3000 kPa. In addition, the effect of pressure and temperature on the diffusivity and permeability of gases in FKMs has been quantitatively interpreted. The solubility and diffusivity of CO2 gas decreased from 50.3 mggas/gpolymer and 8.4 × 10–7 cm2/s to 35.6 mggas/gpolymer and 7.2 × 10–7 cm2/s with increasing loading of carbon black up to 40 wt % at 50 °C, respectively. The results were compared with a practical FKM composition.
Workshop on mobility and web behaviors (MWB) (2012)

The goal of this workshop is to investigate the notion of mobility in the context of search and Web usage and to identify the most promising research directions with respect to enriching future mobility focused web services. In recent times, there has been a dramatic shift in what it means to be mobile. Mobile was traditionally associated with on-the-move, personal, portable and dynamic. While today, an increasing number of users are accessing the mobile Web in more stationary and familiar settings like at home and at work as well as in more social settings like in the presence of family and friends. Designing future mobile Web experiences requires a deeper understanding of these new information needs, behaviors and underlying motivations of mobile users.
Two Phase Model for SMS Text Messages Refinement (2008)

In this paper, we propose a new model for refining SMS text messages where two different kinds of grammatical errors frequently occur together. A two-phase approach based on the divide and conquer strategy is presented where HMM-based model is used for correcting spac-ing errors in the first phase, and rule-based correction model is used for correcting spelling errors in the sec-ond phase. Experimental results show that the proposed approach yields better performance than the translation based approach.
High-resolution structures of a chitinase complexed with natural product cyclopentapeptide inhibitors: Mimicry of carbohydrate substrate (2002)

Over the past years, family 18 chitinases have been validated as potential targets for the design of drugs against human pathogens that contain or interact with chitin during their normal life cycles. Thus far, only one potent chitinase inhibitor has been described in detail, the pseudotrisaccharide allosamidin. Recently, however, two potent natural-product cyclopentapeptide chitinase inhibitors, argifin and argadin, were reported. Here, we describe high-resolution crystal structures that reveal the details of the interactions of these cyclopeptides with a family 18 chitinase. The structures are examples of complexes of a carbohydrate-processing enzyme with high-affinity peptide-based inhibitors and show in detail how the peptide backbone and side chains mimic the interactions of the enzyme with chitooligosaccharides. Together with enzymological characterization, the structures explain why argadin shows an order of magnitude stronger inhibition than allosamidin, whereas argifin shows weaker inhibition. The peptides bind to the chitinase in remarkably different ways, which may explain the differences in inhibition constants. The two complexes provide a basis for structure-based design of potent chitinase inhibitors, accessible by standard peptide chemistry.
Silicon Photonic Integrated Circuits (2012)

This paper reviews the CMOS photonics technology developed and commercialized by Luxtera. IC design and CMOS integration methodologies are highlighted and the performance of Luxtera’s newest 4×14Gbps and 4×25Gbps transceiver chips is discussed.