gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Superiority of admittance control system in mechanical impedance implementation of high-stiffness environment (2015)

The approach used to implement mechanical impedance can be generally separated into the following two types: an impedance control system and an admittance control system. When an impedance control system reproduces a hard environment, large vibrations are generated. In contrast, an admittance control system is excellent at reproducing a high-stiffness environment for utilizing the inverse of the environmental impedance. However, stability analyses have not been conducted on admittance control systems. Therefore, in this study, a stability analysis for an implementation system of mechanical impedance is conducted using a pole placement. The analysis results indicate that the pole placement of the impedance control system is moved toward the direction of an imaginary axis based on the influence of the environmental stiffness. Hence, large vibrations occur when the environmental stiffness is determined to be a large value. On the other hand, for the admittance control, when the environmental stiffness is dominant, pole placement is not affected by the environmental stiffness. The superiority of the admittance control system in a high-stiffness environment was shown through an experiment.
A new layered space-time-frequency architecture with LDPC coding for OFDM MIMO multiplexing (2006)

This paper is focused on the study of layered space-time-frequency (LSTF) architectures with channel coding for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) multiplexing system in high speed wireless transmission under frequency-selective fading channel. In order to achieve the available spatial, temporal and frequency diversity, and at the same time make the system implementation feasible for ultra high data rate OFDM MIMO multiplexing, we propose a new LSTF architecture with each independently coded layer being threaded in the three-dimensional space-time-frequency transmission array. List sphere decoding is used for MIMO multiplexing detection, and the irregular low-density parity-check code (LDPC) is chosen as the channel code. Three construction rules are adopted to generate high coding rate irregular LDPC codes with low encoding complexity and little performance loss. Simulation results show that the proposed LSTF architecture can significantly outperform the LSTF assuming each independently coded layer being transmitted through a permanently assigned antenna, and get almost the same performance as the LSTF applying coding across the whole information stream. On the other hand, due to its structure of multiple parallel lower-speed codecs with shorter codeword length, the proposed LSTF architecture is more realizable for ultra high data rate transmission than the LSTF applying coding across the whole information stream
Comparison of methods generating antibody-epitope conjugates for targeting cancer with virus-specific T cells (2023)

Therapeutic antibody-epitope conjugates (AECs) are promising new modalities to deliver immunogenic epitopes and redirect virus-specific T-cell activity to cancer cells. Nevertheless, many aspects of these antibody conjugates require optimization to increase their efficacy. Here we evaluated different strategies to conjugate an EBV epitope (YVL/A2) preceded by a protease cleavage site to the antibodies cetuximab and trastuzumab. Three approaches were taken: chemical conjugation (i.e. a thiol-maleimide reaction) to reduced cysteine side chains, heavy chain C-terminal enzymatic conjugation using sortase A, and genetic fusions, to the heavy chain (HC) C-terminus. All three conjugates were capable of T-cell activation and target-cell killing <i>via</i> proteolytic release of the EBV epitope and expression of the antibody target was a requirement for T-cell activation. Moreover, AECs generated with a second immunogenic epitope derived from CMV (NLV/A2) were able to deliver and redirect CMV specific T-cells, in which the amino sequence of the attached peptide appeared to influence the efficiency of epitope delivery. Therefore, screening of multiple protease cleavage sites and epitopes attached to the antibody is necessary. Taken together, our data demonstrated that multiple AECs could sensitize cancer cells to virus-specific T cells.
Power-efficient multi-layer networking: design and evaluation (2010)

With the exponential growth in the amount of Internet traffic, power consumption in the networking field has become a paramount issue. This paper focuses on the design of power-efficient multi-layer networks that comprise both the optical layer and the Internet Protocol (IP) layer, and analyzes several approaches such as power-efficient routing of lightpaths and power-efficient configuration of network devices. Based on practical network equipment and network architecture, this paper proposes a set of complete mathematical formulations to model comparatively complicated multi-layer networks, and utilizes Integer Linear Programming (ILP) to investigate the power-conservation effect through optimization. Simulation results indicate that significant power can be conserved with the power-efficient network design.
NMR studies on calcium-induced conformational transitions in calmodulin (1998)

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used in order to investigate the relationships between structure, dynamics and calcium binding in the intracellular regulatory protein, calmodulin. Calmodulin consists of two similar domains, each binding two calcium ions with positive cooperativity. The studies described in this thesis focus on the isolated C-terminal domain, TR2C, and two mutants thereof. TR2C consists of two calcium-binding helix- loop-helix motifs packed together in a parallel fashion. The three-dimensional solution structures of TR2C were determined with and without calcium ions bound.The two structures are similar in terms of secondary structure, but large reorientations of the helices occur upon calcium binding, yielding an open conformation with a large exposed hydrophobic surface. Furthermore, the structures of the calcium- free and calcium-loaded states of TR2C were shown to be highly similar to those of the corresponding domain of intact calmodulin, demonstrating the structural autonomy of the domains. In each of the two mutants, E104Q and E140Q, a conserved bidentate calcium-coordinating glutamic acid residue has been mutated to a glutamine in one of the two binding sites. Calcium titration data were obtained from NMR spectra and the binding constants were determined. Both mutants bind calcium sequentially, but in the opposite order, and the structural response was found to be different for the two calcium-binding sites. The calcium-free states of the mutants are very similar to the calcium-free state of wild-type TR2C. In contrast, the calcium-bound states are shown to undergo equilibrium exchange between at least two, approximately equally populated, conformations similar to those of the calcium-free and calcium- loaded states of wild-type TR2C. This conformational exchange occurs on the sub-millisecond time scale. From studies of the backbone fluctuations on pico- second to nanosecond time scales of the calcium- loaded state of the E140Q-mutant, the presence of any significantly populated unfolded intermediate substates could be excluded. Investigations of the temperature dependence of slower dynamics on micro- second to millisecond time scales indicated that the exchange does not involve one single structural transition. The use of off-resonance rotating frame spin relaxation experiments yielded an improved description of the exchange.
Independent Functioning of Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 and Phospholipase D1 in Trp-Lys-Tyr-Met-Val-D-Met-Induced Superoxide Generation in Human Monocytes (2000)

Recently, a novel peptide (Trp-Lys-Tyr-Met-Val-D-Met, WKYMVm) has been shown to induce superoxide generation in human monocytes. The peptide stimulated phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Superoxide generation as well as arachidonic acid (AA) release evoked by treatment with WKYMVm could be almost completely blocked by pretreatment of the cells with cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2)-specific inhibitors. The involvement of cPLA2 in the peptide-induced AA release was further supported by translocation of cPLA2 to the nuclear membrane of monocytes incubated with WKYMVm. WKYMVm-induced phosphatidylbutanol formation was completely abolished by pretreatment with PKC inhibitors. Immunoblot showed that monocytes express phospholipase D1 (PLD1), but not PLD2. GF109203X as well as butan-1-ol inhibited peptide-induced superoxide generation in monocytes. Furthermore, the interrelationship between the two phospholipases, cPLA2 and PLD1, and upstream signaling molecules involved in WKYMVm-dependent activation was investigated. The inhibition of cPLA2 did not blunt peptide-stimulated PLD1 activation or vice versa. Intracellular Ca2+ mobilization was indispensable for the activation of PLD1 as well as cPLA2. The WKYMVm-dependent stimulation of cPLA2 activity was partially dependent on the activation of PKC and mitogen-activated protein kinase, while PKC activation, but not mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, was an essential prerequisite for stimulation of PLD1. Taken together, activation of the two phospholipases, which are absolutely required for superoxide generation, takes place through independent signaling pathways that diverge from a common pathway at a point downstream of Ca2+.
Phenotypic variation in hereditary frontotemporal dementia with tau mutations (1999)

Several mutations in the tau gene have been found in families with hereditary frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17q21-22 (FTDP-17). This study is the first attempt to correlate genotype and phenotype in six families with FTDP-17 with mutations in the tau gene (deltaK280, G272V, P301L, and R406W). We have investigated tau pathology in 1 P301L and 1 R406W patient. The R406W family showed a significantly higher age at onset (59.2 +/- 5.5 years) and longer duration of illness (12.7 +/- 1.5 years) than the families with the other mutations. The six families showed considerable variation in clinical presentation, but none of them had early parkinsonism. Mutism developed significantly later in the R406W family than in the other families. Frontotemporal atrophy on neuroimaging in the R406W family was less severe than in the P301L and deltaK280 families. The P301L brain contained many pretangles in the frontal and temporal cortex, and the dentate gyrus of hippocampus, showing three tau bands (64, 68, and 72 kd) of extracted tau from the frontal cortex. The presence of many neurofibrillary tangles, many diffuse and classic neuritic plaques in the temporal and parietal cortex, and the hippocampus of the same P301L brain correlated with the presence of four sarkosyl-insoluble (60, 64, 68, and 72 kd) tau bands. The coexistence of characteristic P301L and Alzheimer pathology in the same brain needs further explanation. The R406W brain showed abundant neurofibrillary tangles in several brain regions, and four tau bands (60, 64, 68, and 72 kd) of extracted tau from these regions. The slower progression of the disease in the R406W family might be explained by the microtubule-binding properties of the mutant protein.
Optically augmented 3-D computer system (2002)

The system design of an optically augmented 3-D computer is presented and evaluated. The system under investigation combines the Hughes 3-D VLSI technology with free-space optoelectronic interconnection modules. The 3-D wafer stacks containing the processing capabilities of the system are assembled with the optoelectronic modules for global communication allowing fast and efficient data routing and/or sorting.
SETD2 non genomic loss of function in advanced systemic mastocytosis is mediated by an Aurora kinase A/MDM2 axis and can be therapeutically targeted (2023)

Our mechanistic insights into SETD2 non-genomic loss of function in AdvSM highlight the potential value of novel therapeutic targets and agents for the treatment of patients who fail or do not tolerate midostaurin or avapritinib.
Selection of European Union standard reference sera for use in the serological diagnosis of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (1994)

A study, consisting of three trials, was undertaken in order to find standard reference sera for use in serological diagnostic procedures for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) in the European Union (EU). A total of forty-nine laboratories participated in the trials, in which panels of positive, weak positive, and negative candidate sera were tested blind by neutralisation, indirect and blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, indirect immunofluorescence and passive haemagglutination. A serum which scored positive in all tests in all laboratories was selected as a strong positive standard serum. The chosen negative standard serum gave negative results in virtually all tests. A 1/36 dilution of a positive serum was chosen as the weak positive standard serum and only very sensitive techniques were able to score it positive. Three EU reference sera are now available for the standardisation of serological tests for IBR.
Preparation of Protected syn-α,β-Dialkyl β-Amino Acids That Contain Polar Side Chain Functionality (2003)

We report the synthesis of syn-alpha,beta-dialkyl beta-amino acid derivatives suitably protected for solid-phase synthesis that give rise to residues containing positively charged lysine-like side chains. These amino acids, as well as syn-alpha,beta-dialkyl beta-amino acids that contain diverse hydrophobic side chains, are prepared in good de and ee. The key step in this route involves Davies's protocol for the conjugate addition of a chiral lithium amide to alpha,beta-unsaturated tert-butyl esters (Davies, S. G.; Ichihara, O.; Walters, I. A. S. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1994, 9, 1141). syn-alpha,beta-Dialkyl beta-amino acids are interesting building blocks because of their sheet-forming propensity and because of their presence in bioactive compounds.
A well-defined surface-confinable fullerene: monolayer self-assembly on Au(111) (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA well-defined surface-confinable fullerene: monolayer self-assembly on Au(111)Xiaobo Shi, W. Brett Caldwell, Kaimin Chen, and Chad A. MirkinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 25, 11598–11599Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00104a062https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00104a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views825Altmetric-Citations117LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Curious snakes: A minimum latency solution to the cluttered background problem in active contours (2010)

We present a region-based active contour detection algorithm for objects that exhibit relatively homogeneous photometric characteristics (e.g. smooth color or gray levels), embedded in complex background clutter. Current methods either frame this problem in Bayesian classification terms, where precious modeling resources are expended representing the complex background away from decision boundaries, or use heuristics to limit the search to local regions around the object of interest. We propose an adaptive lookout region, whose size depends on the statistics of the data, that are estimated along with the boundary during the detection process. The result is a “curious snake” that explores the outside of the decision boundary only locally to the extent necessary to achieve a good tradeoff between missed detections and narrowest “lookout” region, drawing inspiration from the literature of minimum-latency set-point change detection and robust statistics. This development makes fully automatic detection in complex backgrounds a realistic possibility for active contours, allowing us to exploit their powerful geometric modeling capabilities compared with other approaches used for segmentation of cluttered scenes. To this end, we introduce an automatic initialization method tailored to our model that overcomes one of the primary obstacles in using active contours for fully automatic object detection.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Tishchenko Reaction via Hetero‐Nickelacycles by Oxidative Cyclization of Aldehydes with Nickel(0) Complex. (2010)

ChemInformVolume 41, Issue 38 Isocyclic Compounds ChemInform Abstract: Nickel-Catalyzed Tishchenko Reaction via Hetero-Nickelacycles by Oxidative Cyclization of Aldehydes with Nickel(0) Complex. Sensuke Ogoshi, Sensuke Ogoshi Dep. Appl. Chem., Fac. Eng., Osaka Univ., Suita, Osaka 565, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorYoichi Hoshimoto, Yoichi Hoshimoto Dep. Appl. Chem., Fac. Eng., Osaka Univ., Suita, Osaka 565, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorMasato Ohashi, Masato Ohashi Dep. Appl. Chem., Fac. Eng., Osaka Univ., Suita, Osaka 565, JapanSearch for more papers by this author Sensuke Ogoshi, Sensuke Ogoshi Dep. Appl. Chem., Fac. Eng., Osaka Univ., Suita, Osaka 565, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorYoichi Hoshimoto, Yoichi Hoshimoto Dep. Appl. Chem., Fac. Eng., Osaka Univ., Suita, Osaka 565, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorMasato Ohashi, Masato Ohashi Dep. Appl. Chem., Fac. Eng., Osaka Univ., Suita, Osaka 565, JapanSearch for more papers by this author First published: 26 August 2010 https://doi.org/10.1002/chin.201038079Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume41, Issue38September 21, 2010 RelatedInformation
Exposure to N-chlorotaurine induces oxidative stress responses in Aspergillus fumigatus (2018)

These results indicate that NCT induces an oxidative stress response in A. fumigatus as evidenced by alterations in the proteome and inhibits conidial and mycelial growth. Clinical investigations of topical application of NCT to treat Aspergillus infections are encouraged.
1H NMR Structural Characterization of a Nonmitogenic, Vasodilatory, Ischemia-Protector and Neuromodulatory Acidic Fibroblast Growth Factor (2000)

A shortened genetically engineered form of acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF), that includes amino acids 28-154 of the full-length sequence (154 residues) plus Met in substitution of Leu27, does not induce cell division even though it is recognized by the cell membrane receptor, triggers the early mitogenic events, and retains the neuromodulatory, vasoactive, and cardio- and neuroprotective properties of the native full-length molecule. Taken together, these properties make this truncated aFGF a promising compound in the treatment of a wide assortment of neurological and cardiovascular pathologies where aFGF mitogenic activity is dispensable. Differences in biological activities between the shortened aFGF and the wild-type form have been attributed to lack of stability, and to the specific amino acid sequence missing at the N-terminus. Here we show that this shortened aFGF form has a three-dimensional structure even more stable than the wild-type protein at the mitogenic assay conditions; that this structure is similar to that of the wild type except at site 1 of interaction with the cell membrane receptor; that its lack of mitogenic activity cannot be attributed to the specific missing sequence; and that the vasodilatory activity of aFGF seems impaired by alterations of the three-dimensional structure of site 2 of interaction with the cell membrane receptor.
Isolation of Lymphocytes from Mouse Genital Tract Mucosa (2012)

Mucosal surfaces, including in the gastrointestinal, urogenital, and respiratory tracts, provide portals of entry for pathogens, such as viruses and bacteria. Mucosae are also inductive sites in the host to generate immunity against pathogens, such as the Peyers patches in the intestinal tract and the nasal-associated lymphoreticular tissue in the respiratory tract. This unique feature brings mucosal immunity as a crucial player of the host defense system. Many studies have been focused on gastrointestinal and respiratory mucosal sites. However, there has been little investigation of reproductive mucosal sites. The genital tract mucosa is the primary infection site for sexually transmitted diseases (STD), including bacterial and viral infections. STDs are one of the most critical health challenges facing the world today. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that there are 19 million new infectious every year in the United States. STDs cost the U.S. health care system $17 billion every year, and cost individuals even more in immediate and life-long health consequences. In order to confront this challenge, a greater understanding of reproductive mucosal immunity is needed and isolating lymphocytes is an essential component of these studies. Here, we present a method to reproducibly isolate lymphocytes from murine female genital tracts for immunological studies that can be modified for adaption to other species. The method described below is based on one mouse.
Micro-Scale Modeling of Li-Ion Batteries: Parameterization and Validation (2012)

A fully parameterized microscale model for lithium ion cells is presented in which the solid and pores (filled by electrolyte) are spatially resolved, and the mass and charge transport equations describing diffusion and migration in each phase are solved separately. Such a model allows: (1) the correlation of structure-scale, non-homogeneous material properties with macroscopic battery performance, and (2) the correlation of geometrical electrode morphology with macroscopic battery performance (electrode design). The micro-model approach discussed here allows for a simpler parameterization as fewer constitutive relations are needed in contrast to the macro-homogenous physical-based approaches. Input parameters were measured experimentally on lithium manganese oxide electrodes and LiPF 6 in 3:7 EC:DMC. Verification and validation for the model is also reported.