gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract B44: The role of CD4 T cells in murine model of NASH-promoted HCC (2015)

Abstract Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a common condition in obese patients, is an important risk factor for HCC. However, only little information exists about the immunological mechanisms of how NASH promotes hepatocarcinogenesis. Methionine choline deficient (MCD) diet is widely used to induce NASH. In this study we fed Lap-tTA-myc mice, which develop HCC, with MCD diet. MCD diet accelerated tumor development in MYC on mice. A robust decrease of hepatic CD4 but not CD8 T cells was observed in NASH mice, which was exacerbated by MYC transgene expression. As expected higher level of cell death was detected in these hepatic CD4 T cells. Phenotypic analysis demonstrated that these CD4 T cells had a CD44highCD62Llow effector memory phenotype and produced more IFNγ. Selective CD4 T cell depletion further accelerated HCC development suggesting an important role of these cells for tumor development. Next, we studied the cause of CD4 T cells. In co-culture experiments we demonstrated that lipid-laden hepatocytes from mice on MCD diet induced selective CD4 but not CD8 T cells death through a contact-independent mechanism. FFAs were found from hepatocyte culture medium, and linoleic acid recapitulates the selective toxicity to CD4 T cells. Blocking ROS abolished linoleic acid-induced CD4 T cell death. Our results suggest the critical role of CD4 T cell in the disease progression of NASH to HCC, and provide a new link between lipid metabolism dysfunction with impaired anti-tumor surveillance. Citation Format: Chi Ma, Miaojun Han, Masaki Terabe, Jay Berzofsky, Dean Felsher, Tim Greten. The role of CD4 T cells in murine model of NASH-promoted HCC. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy: A New Chapter; December 1-4, 2014; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2015;3(10 Suppl):Abstract nr B44.
Characterization of Novel Polyether Suppressors for Improved Copper Interconnect Metallization (2008)

Abstract not Available.
Back Matter (2022)

In this tutorial, we assume that you are familiar with basic geometrical (i.e., ray) optics, including Snell’s law of refraction, total internal reflection (TIR), first-order imaging optics, and spectra. We also assume that you have some experience in illumination optics. However, even if you are a novice, this tutorial will be useful for you, because it will show you a glimpse of many important design methods and elements with which you must get acquainted. If you are an experienced imaging optics designer, this tutorial will be useful for you, too, because illumination design requires a different way to think about light.
A Compact MEMS Chip for a Rapid and Highly Accurate Picoliter Calorimetry (2020)

We introduce a compact MEMS-based microcalorimeter ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mu \mathrm{C}$</tex> ) for rapid ultrasmall-volume sample analysis. The chip features a time constant of 4 ms, with the possibility of achieving high scanning rate and sensitivity without noticeably distorting the thermograms. We demonstrated the chip performance in differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) mode and measured the melting temperature ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$T_{\mathrm{m}}$</tex> ) of bovine serum albumin (BSA) at 75 K·min <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−1</sup> , one of the fastest scan rate reported. The measured melting point of 77.4 °C is practically identical to that measured by a conventional MEMS-based DSC. Our system exhibits an unprecedented accuracy at such a high scanning rate having the capability of performing a flash DSC analysis for a liquid phase sample.
A novel route to 1-aminoalkylphosphonic acid (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA novel route to 1-aminoalkylphosphonic acidWojciech J. Stec and Krystyna LesiakCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1976, 41, 23, 3757–3759Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00885a024https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00885a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views155Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Figure Studies of Pietro Bernardi (2010)

The Rijksmuseum Bulletin is the quarterly, peer-reviewed journal presenting scholarly articles that contribute to historical and art-historical research into the Rijksmuseum collections to an international audience of curators, scholars, students, art professionals and enthusiasts.
Naturally occurring MHC class I restricted TCRs effectively redirect human T regulatory cells to suppress high affinity, polyfunctional CD8 T cell responses (52.8) (2011)

Abstract Because most autoimmune diseases exist in the periphery, we investigated whether MHC class I restricted TCRs could be used to re-direct expanded human Tregs in order to better target engineered Tregs to the site of the aberrant immune response. By taking advantage of a series of HLA-A2 restricted TCRs that recognize the same peptide-MHC class I (pMHC) with varying affinities, we observed augmenting TCR affinity had no effect on the ability of Tregs to function. In fact, MHC class I restricted TCRs that had limited activity in CD4+ T effector cells (Teff) were fully able to suppress the expansion of highly functional CD8 T cells expressing a high affinity TCR. These studies demonstrate that Tregs expressing naturally occurring, introduced MHC class I restricted TCRs have potent suppressive activity and further highlight the fundamental differences that exist between effector and regulatory T cells.
HRTEM for Nano-Electronic Materials Research (2005)

As the scaling of silicon integrated circuits continues, nanoscale characterization by high resolution (analytical) transmission electron microscopy (HR(A)TEM) becomes ever more important. The latest generation of HR(A)TEM has spatial resolution better than 0.2 nm, thereby making experimental characterization of individual nanoscale device structures practical. Various TEM techniques need to be utilized in combination for a full structural and chemical analysis of processed semiconductor devices. Applications to several key electronic material systems of current and future interest such as high-k dielectrics, low-k dielectrics and strain-engineered transistors are reviewed. With the advent of aberration-corrected microscopes, it is feasible to have spatial resolution beyond the 0.1 nm limit. However, spatial resolution limits will be ultimately dictated by radiation effects, especially in covalent or ionic materials, and the quality of the TEM specimens.
Static and dynamic analysis of paralleled dc-to-dc converter system with averaged current-balancing controllers (2001)

Analysis and experiment are carried out for the current balancing characteristics of the parallel dc–dc converter system with averaged current-balancing controllers. The suppression effect of the current unbalance caused by the difference in the module parameters in the static and dynamic characteristics is quantitatively determined. With regard to the instability inside the parallel system caused by the current-balancing control with a phase delay, the phenomena are presented and the stable operating region is derived. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 84(5): 67–75, 2001
On the maximum stable throughput problem in random networks with directional antennas (2003)

We consider the problem of determining rates of growth for the maximum stable throughput achievable in dense wireless networks. We formulate this problem as one of finding maximum flows on random unit-disk graphs. Equipped with the max-flow/min-cut theorem as our basic analysis tool, we obtain rates of growth under three models of communication: (a) omnidirectional transmissions; (b) "simple" directional transmissions, in which sending nodes generate a single beam aimed at a particular receiver; and (c) "complex" directional transmissions, in which sending nodes generate multiple beams aimed at multiple receivers. Our main finding is that an increase of Θlog2n in maximum stable throughput is all that can be achieved by allowing arbitrarily complex signal processing (in the form of generation of directed beams) at the transmitters and receivers. We conclude therefore that neither directional antennas, nor the ability to communicate simultaneously with multiple nodes, can be expected in practice to effectively circumvent the constriction on capacity in dense networks that results from the geometric layout of nodes in space.
Development of a Scalable and Sustainable High Performance CounterCurrent Chromatography (HPCCC) Purification for Spinosyn A and Spinosyn D from Spinosad (2017)

A high-performance countercurrent chromatography (HPCCC) process was developed as a more efficient and sustainable alternative to reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) for the pilot-scale purification of the naturally occurring fermentation-derived insecticides, spinosyn A and spinosyn D, the major components of spinosad insecticide. While on pilot scale HPCCC and RP-HPLC both gave >99% purities and comparable combined recoveries of 77% and 83%, respectively, HPCCC was much more efficient and sustainable by producing a 60% higher productivity, 11 times higher solute loading, 96% savings in stationary phase costs, and 42% reduction in solvent usage. The increase in productivity and reduction in solvent usage further reduced waste recycle and disposal costs, thus presenting significantly less environmental impact compared to RP-HPLC separations. The use of mixing on demand for a solvent system at the preparative scale allowed a complete automation with minimized solvent consumption.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of anti‐β‐Substituted γ,δ‐Unsaturated Amino Acids: A Highly Selective Asymmetric Thio‐Claisen Rearrangement. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Targeting the oncogene LSF with either the small molecule inhibitor FQI1 or siRNA causes mitotic delays with unaligned chromosomes, resulting in cell death or senescence (2019)

Abstract Background The oncogene LSF (encoded by TFCP2 ) has been proposed as a novel therapeutic target for multiple cancers. LSF overexpression in patient tumors correlates with poor prognosis in particular for both hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal cancer. The limited treatment outcomes for these diseases underscore the need for molecularly targeting novel mechanisms. LSF small molecule inhibitors, Factor Quinolinone Inhibitors (FQIs), have exhibited robust anti-tumor activity in multiple mouse models, with no observable toxicity. Methods Cell proliferation and cell cycle progression were analyzed after loss of LSF activity, using HeLa cells as a model cancer cell line responsive to FQI1. In addition, results were compared after treatment with either FQI1 or siRNA targeting LSF to test for biological specificity of targeting LSF by FQI1. Results Cellular phenotypes observed upon FQI1 treatment were due specifically to the loss of LSF activity, as siRNA targeting LSF produced highly similar phenotypes. Inhibition of LSF activity by either mechanism induced a strong delay prior to metaphase during progression through mitosis, with condensed, but unaligned, chromosomes. This mitotic disruption resulted in improper cellular division leading to multiple outcomes: multi-nucleation, apoptosis, and cellular senescence. Conclusions Specific inhibition of LSF by small molecules or siRNA results in mitotic defects, leading to cell death or senescence - consequences that are desirable in combating cancer. Taken together, these findings not only confirm that LSF is a promising target for cancer treatment, but also that FQIs are promising compounds for obtaining therapeutic effects for multiple LSF-driven cancers with unmet medical need.
Structure–Activity Relationship of Heterocyclic P2Y14 Receptor Antagonists: Removal of the Zwitterionic Character with Piperidine Bioisosteres (2021)

A known zwitterionic, heterocyclic P2Y<sub>14</sub>R antagonist <b>3a</b> was substituted with diverse groups on the central phenyl and terminal piperidine moieties, following a computational selection process. The most potent analogues contained an uncharged piperidine bioisostere, prescreened in silico, while an aza-scan (central phenyl ring) reduced P2Y<sub>14</sub>R affinity. Piperidine amide <b>11</b>, 3-aminopropynyl <b>19</b>, and 5-(hydroxymethyl)isoxazol-3-yl) <b>29</b> congeners in the triazole series maintained moderate receptor affinity. Adaption of 5-(hydroxymethyl)isoxazol-3-yl gave the most potent naphthalene-containing (<b>32</b>; MRS4654; IC<sub>50</sub>, 15 nM) and less active phenylamide-containing (<b>33</b>) scaffolds. Thus, a zwitterion was nonessential for receptor binding, and molecular docking and dynamics probed the hydroxymethylisoxazole interaction with extracellular loops. Also, amidomethyl ester prodrugs were explored to reversibly block the conserved carboxylate group to provide neutral analogues, which were cleavable by liver esterase, and in vivo efficacy demonstrated. We have, in stages, converted zwitterionic antagonists into neutral molecules designed to produce potent P2Y<sub>14</sub>R antagonists for in vivo application.
Techniques of mass-transfer measurement in electrochemical reactors (1981)

Various techniques suitable for measuring mass-transfer rates in electrochemical processes are reviewed. The limiting-current technique is especially convenient in systems with free convection. The concept of an effective diffusivity applicable to electrochemical systems is discussed. Detailed attention is given to in situ methods for industrial-type cells, to convection by gas lift, and to porous flow-through reactors.
Histologic and Molecular Correlates in Patients with AL Amyloidosis in Remission but with Persistent Renal Disease (2019)

Background: Seventy percent of patients with light chain (AL) amyloidosis present with renal involvement. The phases of the disease include asymptomatic seeding, increasing proteinuria, and progression to end stage renal disease. In an attempt to identify genes relevant to renal reprogramming due to persistent disease,renal biopsies from treated AL patients were obtained for systematic histologic evaluation and transcriptional profiling. Correlates were sought between these two approaches. Methods: Renal biopsies from 10 patients with persistent proteinuria (&gt;500mg/day) following hematologic responses to anti-plasma cell therapy were scored independently by 2 expert renal pathologists employing a novel histologic tool that assessed scarring, fibrosis and the distribution of amyloid, and were successfully evaluated by transcriptional profiling in the Michigan Kidney Translational Medicine Core lab. Clinical data and histologic scores (CSIC = composite scarring injury score, AS = amyloid score) were correlated to the expression profiles of specific tubular and glomerular gene sets. Results: Baseline characteristics and histologic scores are in Table 1. Using a false discovery rate corrected P-value of &lt; 0.10, numerous genes of interest were identified (Table 2). Transcriptional profiling revealed 2 distinct patient clusters (G1 and G2) within the tubular and glomerular gene expression sets. The histopathologic features were different between G1 and G2; the amyloid score was significantly higher in G2 in both the tubular (7.0 vs. 4.25; p=0.03) and the glomerular (6.92 vs. 4.38; p= 0.04) compartments. The differential expression for the genes of interest between G1 and G2 were also determined (Table 2). Conclusion: This effort has generated multiple genes of interest. ICQD and PODXL, in particular, correlated with the distribution of amyloid in the capillaries and mesangium. We are currently comparing these expression profiles to those of other nephropathies to identify genes whose expression levels may be specific to AL nephropathy, hopefully leading to further novel histologic and protein-based investigations. Disclosures Comenzo: Takeda: Research Funding; Prothena Biosciences: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Sanofi-Aventis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Caelum: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Karyopharm: Research Funding; Unum: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Myself: Patents &amp; Royalties: Patent 9593332, Pending 20170008966.
Methods for identification of recombinants of phage lambda. (1976)

Two methods are described which allow the screening of a large number of phage plaques for a specific DNA sequence carried by the phage or a specific antigen produced within the phage plaque. These methods were set up with lambda and lambdalac phages. Phage plaques were transferred onto nitrocellulose filters by desiccation in 0.1 M NaOH, and the lac sequence was detected by hybridization to radioactive lac mRNA. Beta-Galactosidase was detected by reaction with anti-beta-galactosidase immune serum included in the soft agar of the titration plates; the precipitate thus formed was revealed by means of enzyme-coupled antibodies and in situ coloration. These methods are potentially useful for the identification of lambda transducers, including those which are generated by in vitro recombination with eukaryotic DNA.
Multisensory attention training for treatment of tinnitus (2015)

Tinnitus is the conscious perception of sound with no physical sound source. Some models of tinnitus pathophysiology suggest that networks associated with attention, memory, distress and multisensory experience are involved in tinnitus perception. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a multisensory attention training paradigm which used audio, visual, and somatosensory stimulation would reduce tinnitus. Eighteen participants with predominantly unilateral chronic tinnitus were randomized between two groups receiving 20 daily sessions of either integration (attempting to reduce salience to tinnitus by binding with multisensory stimuli) or attention diversion (multisensory stimuli opposite side to tinnitus) training. The training resulted in small but statistically significant reductions in Tinnitus Functional Index and Tinnitus Severity Numeric Scale scores and improved attentional abilities. No statistically significant improvements in tinnitus were found between the training groups. This study demonstrated that a short period of multisensory attention training reduced unilateral tinnitus, but directing attention toward or away from the tinnitus side did not differentiate this effect.
Long Term Impact of Laparoscopic Assisted Distal Gastrectomy on Quality of Life (2007)

Purpose: Laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) is gaining wider acceptance for the treatment of early gastric cancer. However, firm evidence supporting the long-term outcome after LADG for gastric cancer is unknown. This study compared long-term quality of life after LADG versus an open distal gastrectomy (ODG) for early gastric cancer. Methods: This study included 29 patients who underwent LADG and 57 patients who underwent ODG for the treatment of stage I gastric cancer. Quality of life was evaluated based on the Korean version of EORTC QLQ-C30 (version 3.0) and EORTC QLQ-STO22 one year after surgery. All patients underwent a Billroth II gastrectomy for stage I gastric cancer between January 2003 and December 2004. Results: A total of 86 (58%) out of 154 patients responded to the questionnaire. Demographic features showed no difference between the two groups of patients for age, sex, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis except for tumor size and the number of retrieved lymph nodes. The mean score for global health status was not statistically different (LADG, vs ODG, ; P=0.413). The total score of 21 items related to stomach cancer (EORTC QLQ-STO22) also was not statistically different (LADG, vs ODG, ; P=0.340). Conclusion: Based on the results of the Korean version of EORTC QLQ-C 30 (version 3.0) and EORTC. QLQ-STO22, LADG does not seem to have any long-term benefit over ODG on 'quality of life'.
Stress recovery behaviour of an Fe–Mn–Si–Cr–Ni–VC shape memory alloy used for prestressing (2013)

This paper describes the stress recovery behaviour of an Fe–17Mn–5Si–10Cr–4Ni–1(V, C) (mass%) shape memory alloy used for prestressing of civil structures. The prestressing due to the shape memory effect was simulated by a series of tests with pre-straining of the material followed by heating and cooling back at constant strain. Different pre-strain and heating conditions were examined. Moreover, the response due to additional mechanical and thermal cyclic loading has been investigated. These results were used to predict the partial prestress loss in a structure due to variable loading during operation. Finally, a heating test at constant strain was performed after the cyclic loading to check the possibility of reactivating the prestress lost during an exceptionally high load.
Common Mode Noise Cancellation by Two Opposite-Phase-Operating Inverters for Motor Drive (2019)

In motor drive inverters, the switching operations associated with rapid voltage potential change, and flows through parasitic capacitors may cause serious conducted common noise problems. The conducted noise emission introduces interference to other circuits, and therefore should be reduced. In this paper, a technique to suppress common-mode conducted noise is proposed that two inverters are operated in opposite phase. They generate opposite phase common-mode noise, and therefore the noise can be cancelled. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by experiments and simulations.
Fabrication and characterization of Z-pinch foam targets (1997)

This article describes the fabrication and characterization of targets produced for Z-pinch physics experiments. Low density foams with densities as low as 1 mg/cc were made. Targets fabricated include 1 cm×1 cm solid cylinders of SiO2 aerogels at various densities, 1 cm×1 cm solid cylinders of 10 mg/cc agar, and 10 mg/cc agar annuli with 10 mm o.d., 9 mm i.d., and 1 cm length. Target geometry and density uniformity were characterized by ion microtomography (IMT) which can nondestructively measure three-dimensional density variations to 1% with micron-scale resolution. The results of IMT measurements on several targets are reported and a discussion of factors affecting the quantitative microanalysis of these materials is presented.