gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Free spectral range optimization of return-to-zero differential phase shift keyed demodulation in the presence of chromatic dispersion (2007)

Optical differential phase shift keying is normally demodulated in a delay-line interferometer with a 1-bit delay such that the free-spectral-range of the demodulator is equal to the transmitted bitrate. We show using Karkunen-Loeve expansion simulation that free-spectral-range optimization leads to increased chromatic dispersion tolerances. The optimized delay inversely scales with the amount of chromatic dispersion such that a delay slightly shorter than the bit period increases tolerances with no adverse effect on the polarization-mode-dispersion tolerance or frequency offset penalty at the receiver.
Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Cord Blood (2007)

Cord blood is a rich source of stem cells especially for hematopoietic stem cells. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have also been shown to exist in cord blood. However, these fibroblast-like multipotent progenitor cells are rather rare in cord blood. Many different methods have been used for their culture. This unit describes one method to obtain MSCs from cord blood and another method to differentiate these cells into osteoblasts, which is one of the lineages that mesenchymal stem cells are capable of differentiating into. The starting material for the protocol is cord blood-derived mononuclear cells. As cord blood contains a great number of erythroid precursors, the glycophorin A-positive cells are depleted using magnetic cell separation to reduce their presence in MSC culture. Osteoblast differentiation and a method to demonstrate the result of the differentiation are also described in this unit.
ИНЖЕНЕРИЯ ТЕРАПЕВТИЧЕСКИХ АНТИТЕЛ: ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА#, "Молекулярная биология" (2017)

Over the last forty years, recombinant antibodies have been transformed from an unproven experimental approach to a therapeutic modality with multiple success stories in the treatment of cancer, inflammation, infections and cardiometabolic diseases. Owing to their high affinity and selectivity for the target antigen, their multimodal tunable mode of action, their modular nature and long half-life, antibodies now hold prominent positions in the pipelines of major biopharmaceutical companies. In this brief report, I aim to highlight the themes that have shaped the therapeutic antibody engineering as it exists today and to offer a personal perspective on its future developments. Distinct antibody engineering history, developments and trends in Russian Federation will not be discussed since they are detailed elsewhere in this journal issue.
Block co-polyMOFs: morphology control of polymer–MOF hybrid materials (2018)

The hybridization of block copolymers and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to create novel materials (block co-polyMOFs, BCPMOFs) with controlled morphologies is reported. In this study, block copolymers containing poly(1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid, H<sub>2</sub>bdc) and morphology directing poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) or poly(cyclooctadiene) (poly(COD)) blocks were synthesized for the preparation of BCPMOFs. Block copolymer architecture and weight fractions were found to have a significant impact on the resulting morphology, mediated through the assembly of polymer precursors prior to MOF formation, as determined through dynamic light scattering. Simple modification of block copolymer weight fraction allowed for tuning of particle size and morphology with either faceted and spherical features. Modification of polymer block architecture represents a simple and powerful method to direct morphology in highly crystalline polyMOF materials. Furthermore, the BCPMOFs could be prepared from both Zr<sup>4+</sup> and Zn<sup>2+</sup> MOFs, yielding hybrid materials with appreciable surface areas and tuneable porosities. The resulting Zn<sup>2+</sup> BCPMOF yielded materials with very narrow size distributions and uniform cubic morphologies. The use of topology in BCPMOFs to direct morphology in block copolymer assemblies may open new methodologies to access complex materials far from thermodynamic equilibrium.
Chiral Allene-Containing Phosphines in Asymmetric Catalysis (2011)

We demonstrate that allenes, chiral 1,2-dienes, appended with basic functionality can serve as ligands for transition metals. We describe an allene-containing bisphosphine that, when coordinated to Rh(I), promotes the asymmetric addition of arylboronic acids to α-keto esters with high enantioselectivity. Solution and solid-state structural analysis reveals that one olefin of the allene can coordinate to transition metals, generating bi- and tridentate ligands.
CM3457, a potent and selective oral CRAC channel inhibitor, suppresses T and mast cell function and is efficacious in rat models of arthritis and asthma (72.3) (2012)

Abstract Calcium-release activated calcium (CRAC) channel inhibitors represent a new class of oral immunomodulatory agents with a potential safety profile suitable for chronic dosing to treat autoimmune disorders. Calcium entry through CRAC channels is a critical step in the functional responses of T cells and mast cells. Patients with mutations in CRAC channels are known to have a form of severe combined immunodeficiency, wherein the adaptive immune response is suppressed without major impairment of other organ systems. CalciMedica has discovered several novel small molecules that selectively inhibit CRAC channels, and is currently developing the first of these inhibitors, CM2489, for the treatment of psoriasis. We describe here the properties of CM3457, another selective CRAC channel inhibitor that is structurally distinct from CM2489. CM3457 potently inhibits CRAC channels, Th1, Th2 and Th17-derived cytokine production, T cell proliferation, and mast cell degranulation. Once-daily oral dosing of CM3457 significantly inhibits inflammation and joint histopathology in a rat collagen-induced arthritis model. CM3457 also inhibits lung inflammation and eosinophilia, as well as improves lung function, in a rat OVA-induced asthma model. These data provide evidence that CM3457 may be an effective therapeutic in the treatment of autoimmune disorders and asthma.
Curious Case of Cobaltocenium Carbaldehyde (2023)

Cobaltocenium carbaldehyde (formylcobaltocenium) hexafluoridophosphate, a long sought-after functionalized cobaltocenium salt, is accessible from cobaltocenium carboxylic acid by a three-step synthetic sequence involving (i) chlorination to the acid chloride, (ii) copper-borohydride reduction to the hydroxymethyl derivative, and (iii) Dess-Martin oxidation to the title compound. Due to the strongly electron-withdrawing cationic cobaltocenium moiety, no standard aldehyde reactivity is observed. Instead, nucleophilic addition followed by haloform-type cleavage prevails, thereby ruling out common useful aldehyde derivatization. One-electron reduction of cobaltocenium carbaldehyde hexafluoridophosphate affords the deep-blue, isolable cobaltocene carbaldehyde 19-valence-electron radical whose spin density is located fully at cobalt and not at the formyl carbon atom. <sup>1</sup>H/<sup>13</sup>C NMR, IR, EPR spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry, cyclic voltammetry, single crystal structure analysis (XRD), and density functional theory are applied to characterize these unusual formyl-cobaltocenium/cobaltocene compounds.
Sagantang-induced Apoptotic Cell Death is Associated with the Activation of Caspases in AGS Human Gastric Carcinoma Cells (2015)

적작약, 사간, 치자, 적복령, 승마 및 백출 등 6가지의 한약재로 구성된 사간탕은 동의보감에서 위완옹(胃脘癰)을 치료하는 처방으로 알려져 있으나, 항암 효능에 대한 구체적인 연구는 전혀 이루어진 바 없다. 본 연구에서는 사간탕의 항암활성 연구의 일환으로 AGS 인체 위암세포의 증식에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 본 연구의 결과에 의하면 사간탕 추출물 처리 농도의 증가에 따라 AGS 위암세포의 증식 및 생존율이 억제되었으며, 이는 apoptosis 유발에 의한 것임을 염색질 응축, DNA 단편화 및 annexin-V 염색 등을 통하여 확인하였다. 사간탕 추출물 처리에 의한 apoptosis 유발에는 pro-apoptotic Fas 단백질의 발현 증가 및 anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 발현의 감소와 mitochondrial membrane potential의 소실이 동반되었다. 아울러 사간탕 추출물이 처리된 AGS 위암세포에서 extrinsic 및 intrinsic apoptosis 경로 활성의 개시에 중요한 caspase-8 및 -9 뿐만 아니라 effector caspase인 caspase-3의 활성도 증가하였으며, 활성화된 caspase-3의 기질 단백질인 PARP의 단편화도 관찰되었다. 그러나 pan-caspase inhibitor의 선처리에 의한 caspase 활성을 차단하였을 경우, 사간탕 추출물 처리에 의한 염색질 응축 및 DNA 단편화 현상이 관찰되지 않았으며, apoptosis 유발 및 증식억제 효과도 유의적으로 억제되었다. 따라서 사간탕 추출물 처리에 의한 AGS 위암세포의 apoptosis 유발은 extrinsic 및 intrinsic apoptosis 경로가 동시 활성을 통한 caspase 의존적인 과정을 통하여 이루어지고 있음을 알 수 있었으며, 그 과정은 아마도 pro-apoptotic Bid의 truncation이 관여할 것으로 추정된다. 이상의 결과는 향후 in vivo 모델을 이용한 사간탕 추출물의 항암활성 조사 및 사간탕 추출물 내 주요 생리활성 물질의 탐색 등을 위한 유용한 자료로 사용될 것이다. Sagantang (SGT), a Korean multiherb formula comprising six medicinal herbs, Paeonia lactiflora Pall., Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC, Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, Poria cocos Wolf, Cimicifuga heracleifolia Komarov, and Artractylodes japonica Koidzumi, was recorded in &#x201C;Dongeuibogam.&#x201D; The present study investigated the anticancer potential of SGT in AGS human gastric carcinoma cells. The results indicated that SGT treatment significantly inhibited the growth and viability of AGS cells in a dose-dependent manner, which was associated with the induction of apoptotic cell death, as evidenced by the formation of apoptotic bodies, in addition to chromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation, and the accumulation of annexin-V positive cells. The induction of apoptotic cell death by the SGT treatment was associated with up-regulation of Fas protein expression, truncation of Bid, and down-regulation of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein. The SGT treatment also effectively induced the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, which was associated with the activation of caspases (caspase-3, -8, and -9) and degradation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. However, a pan-caspase inhibitor significantly blocked the SGT-induced apoptosis and growth suppression in AGS cells. This study suggests that SGT induces caspase-dependent apoptosis through an extrinsic pathway by upregulating Fas, as well as through an intrinsic pathway by modulating Bcl-2 family members in AGS cells. The results suggest that SGT may be a potential chemotherapeutic agent for the control of human gastric cancer cells. However, further studies will be needed to confirm the potential of SGT in cancer prevention and therapy in an in vivo model and to identify biological active compounds of SGT.
H‐ras expression, genetic instability, and acquisition of metastatic ability by rat prostatic cancer cells following v‐H‐ras oncogene transfection (1991)

To study the relationship between metastatic ability, mutated H-ras expression, and genetic instability, a cloned, nonmetastatic rat prostatic cancer cell line (AT2.1) was transfected with the v-H-ras oncogene. The parental AT2.1 clone, 4 control transfectants (Neo/Only), and 9 v-H-ras transfectants (Neo/Ras) were characterized with regard to their H-ras content by using Southern, Northern, and Western blot analysis and their biological behavior in vivo. Following s.c. inoculation in syngeneic rats, all transfectants produced tumors. All 4 (Neo/Only) transfectants like the parental untransfected cell were non-metastatic. Six of 9 Neo/Ras transfectants were metastatic to the lungs and lymph nodes, while the other 3 Neo/Ras transfectants were not metastatic. There was no simple dose-response relationship between the level of v-H-ras integration, mRNA or p21 protein expression, and the development of metastatic ability by the Neo/Ras transfectants. Cytogenetic analysis demonstrated that the frequency of additional structural and/or additional numerical chromosomal changes among the Neo/Ras transfectants was significantly higher than that in the Neo/Only transfectants (P less than 0.05). Loss of chromosome 10 was observed in all of the Neo/Ras transfectants, whereas that was observed in only one of the 4 Neo/Only transfectants (P less than 0.05). There were no specific chromosomal changes, however, which were statistically correlated with the development of metastases in the Neo/Ras transfectants. These results demonstrate that development of the metastatic ability in AT2.1 cells is not a single-step reaction regulated by the level of H-ras expression alone, but rather a complex process requiring additional events. One of the additional events appears to be an increase in genetic instability and cytogenetic changes following v-H-ras transfection.
Optical property characterization of molten salt mixtures for thermal modeling of volumetrically absorbing solar receiver applications (2017)

A method for experimentally determining the attenuation coefficient of high temperature semi-transparent liquids for volumetrically absorbing solar receiver applications was developed. The method was used to measure the attenuation coefficient over a broad spectral range in a 40 wt. % KNO3:60 wt. % NaNO3 binary nitrate molten salt mixture (solar salt). The measured absorption bands extend over 98% of the re-emission spectrum of the salt, indicating that thermal redistribution within the salt itself via radiative participating media effects is negligible. In addition, the effects of the salt’s purity and thermal decomposition on the optical properties were also investigated and the light penetration depth is shown to vary significantly in the presence of impurities. The implications of these results for solar receiver design and modeling are discussed.
Dual-Wavelength Quantum Cascade Laser with Two Optical Transitions in Each Active Region (2006)

We report on a novel quantum cascade laser design that utilizes wide active region quantum wells to create a lasing transition between the second- and first-excited states of the constituent wells. Electroluminescence and lasing spectra confirm the presence of the optical transition at the expected energy, but also show the conventional transition between energy levels resulting from excited and ground states of the original quantum wells. As a result, the laser produces simultaneous dual-wavelength emission at 8.2 µm and 9.3 µm.
Fast and accurate method-of-moment solution of vertical antennas in contiguous dielectric half-spaces using closed-form spatial Green's functions (2004)

This paper develops an efficient solution of vertical dipoles in contiguous dielectric half-spaces based on a mixed potential integral equation (MPIE) and moment method. Closed-form expressions for the spatial vector and scalar potential Green's functions are obtained using the simulated image technique (Y.L. Chow et al, Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Antennas and Propag., vol. 2, pp. 818-821, 1995). This technique has been used before for the computation of the periodic Green's functions in multilayered media (R.M Shubair, Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Antennas and Propag., vol. 3, pp. 1860-1863, 2001) as well as modeling of buried electrodes in multilayered media (R.M Shubair, ibid., vol. 4, pp. 838-841, 2001) and is extended here to model vertical antennas in contiguous dielectric half-spaces.
Photolysis of Triclosan in Aqueous Solution and Toxic Assessment of Its Photolytical Products to Hydrobios (2016)

光化学降解是药品及个人护理用品(PPCPs)在环境中转化归趋的重要途径之一,同时光解过程对该类化合物的生态毒性产生重要影响.本研究以抗菌药物三氯生为模型化合物,研究在紫外光照射下,三氯生初始浓度、腐殖酸含量、pH、光强对其光降解动力学的复合影响.采用发光细菌、羊角月牙藻2个不同营养级生物的毒性响应变化评价三氯生母体化合物及光降解过程中毒性变化.研究表明:三氯生光降解遵循准一级反应动力学.初始浓度为10 μmol· L-1、腐殖酸含量为0 mg·L-1,初始pH值为11、光强为0.44 mW· cm-2时,该光化学降解反应体系三氯生有最高的反应速率和降解效率.三氯生光降解过程中产生了对受试生物有较高抑制作用的中间产物,随着光降解时间的延长,光降解中间产物的毒性逐渐降低,在光降解30min后无显著毒性.
Topographical Evolution of Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) Thin Films Patterned by Micromolding in Capillaries (2003)

The patterning of sol−gel-derived thin films by micromolding in capillaries can produce unintended topographical deviations from the shape of the original mold that may limit the utility of the technique in potential applications. During drying and heat treatment, nonuniform shrinkage across the film due to the densification of the gel matrix results in “double-peak” film topographies whereby the film thickness is greater at the lateral edges than in the middle. Using the same framework used to understand the imbibition and wetting of the sol−gel in the capillary channels, we developed a mechanism to explain the formation of the double-peak profile. As a model system, patterned Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 thin films were studied. Atomic force microscopic characterization was used to quantify the effect of the rate of gelation on the topography of the patterned thin films. Modifications to the channel mold design eliminate the peak formation, producing more homogeneous patterns that better replicate the features of the mold.
Treatment of Steroid Resistant Grade II to IV Acute GVHD by Infusion of Mesenchymal Stroma Cells Expanded With Human Plasma and Platelet Lysate – a Phase I/II Study (2011)

For numerous malignant and non-malignant hematological diseases allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only curative therapy. However, a major complication is the acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD), which is life-threatening and substantially reduces efficacy of HSCT. The outcome for patients with severe steroid-resistant aGVHD is very poor. Therefore, it remains important to search for new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of aGVHD.
A Humanized Mouse Model Generated Using Surplus Neonatal Tissue (2018)

Here, we describe the NeoThy humanized mouse model created using non-fetal human tissue sources, cryopreserved neonatal thymus and umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Conventional humanized mouse models are made by engrafting human fetal thymus and HSCs into immunocompromised mice. These mice harbor functional human T cells that have matured in the presence of human self-peptides and human leukocyte antigen molecules. Neonatal thymus tissue is more abundant and developmentally mature and allows for creation of up to ∼50-fold more mice per donor compared with fetal tissue models. The NeoThy has equivalent frequencies of engrafted human immune cells compared with fetal tissue humanized mice and exhibits T cell function in assays of ex vivo cell proliferation, interferon γ secretion, and in vivo graft infiltration. The NeoThy model may provide significant advantages for induced pluripotent stem cell immunogenicity studies, while bypassing the requirement for fetal tissue.
Universal Single Mode Minimum Deviation Controller (2022)

A hardware-efficient controller obtaining minimum deviation response for both direct and indirect energy transfer dc-dc converters is introduced. The controller utilizes a modified pulse-width modulation and operates in the same manner both in steady-state and during transients. Here, the triggering of the pulse-width modulator is based on a comparison of the scaled version of the load current with the inductor current. Such modulation results in a single cycle current recovery from a load transient and the minimum output voltage deviation. Its operation is verified with a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$V_{IN}\in$</tex> [3 V to 20 V], 100 W, 250 kHz prototype, producing up to 20 V at the output, for both buck and boost converter cases. Practically the smallest possible voltage deviation resulting in the theoretically smallest output capacitance value is demonstrated.
Triazolo-azepine Inhibitors of γ-Secretase and Their Methods of Use (2019)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVPatent HighlightNEXTTriazolo-azepine Inhibitors of γ-Secretase and Their Methods of UseBenjamin E. Blass*Benjamin E. BlassTemple University School of Pharmacy, Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States*E-mail: [email protected]More by Benjamin E. Blasshttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-4503Cite this: ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 2019, 10, 9, 1243–1244Publication Date (Web):August 9, 2019Publication History Received21 July 2019Published online9 August 2019Published inissue 12 September 2019https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00327https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00327editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2019 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1218Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (590 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Inhibitors,Medicinal chemistry,Modulators,Nervous system diseases,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
A T15-idiotype-positive T suppressor hybridoma does not use the T15 VH gene segment. (1982)

The T suppressive factor (TsF) released from a T15-idiotype-positive phosphocholine (PCho)-specific T hybridoma, F18-3-4, which was formed by fusion between BALB/c T cells and BW5147 thymoma, was immunochemically characterized. TsF inhibited the in vitro induction of both IgE and IgG1 antibody responses of 2,4-dinitrophenyl keyhole limpet hemocyanin (DNP-KLH)-primed spleen cells in the presence of PCho-KLH-DNP. TsF had the ability to bind to PCho determinants and possessed T15 idiotype determinants as well as Iad products. However, we were unable to detect either the rearrangement of the T15 VH gene or the presence of T15 VH gene transcripts in hybridomas by DNA and RNA blot hybridization analyses with the T15 VH DNA probe.
Novel high growth rate processes for depositing poly-SiGe structural layers at CMOS compatible temperatures (2004)

This paper describes two novel processes for depositing poly-SiGe films at CMOS-compatible temperatures (/spl les/450/spl deg/C). A range of deposition temperatures is investigated to ensure compatibility with different CMOS generations. While the multilayer process investigates temperatures ranging between 420-450/spl deg/C, the microcrystalline SiGe deposition has been made possible at temperatures as low as 300/spl deg/C. These films are optimized to obtain low stress and stress gradient values suitable for MEMS structural layers. Low SiGe-Al contact resistivity on the order of 10/sup -7/ /spl Omega/.cm/sup 2/ and film resistivity as low as 1 m/spl Omega/.cm were achieved as well.
Supplementary Data from NY-ESO-1 DNA Vaccine Induces T-Cell Responses That Are Suppressed by Regulatory T Cells (2023)

Supplementary Data from NY-ESO-1 DNA Vaccine Induces T-Cell Responses That Are Suppressed by Regulatory T Cells