gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of Adipocyte/Macrophage Fatty Acid–Binding Protein in Tumor-Associated Macrophages Promotes Breast Cancer Progression (2018)

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) play a critical role in cancer development and progression. However, the heterogeneity of TAM presents a major challenge to identify clinically relevant markers for protumor TAM. Here, we report that expression of adipocyte/macrophage fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) in TAM promotes breast cancer progression. Although upregulation of A-FABP was inversely associated with breast cancer survival, deficiency of A-FABP significantly reduced mammary tumor growth and metastasis. Furthermore, the protumor effect of A-FABP was mediated by TAM, in particular, in a subset of TAM with a CD11b<sup>+</sup>F4/80<sup>+</sup>MHCII<sup>-</sup>Ly6C<sup>-</sup> phenotype. A-FABP expression in TAM facilitated protumor IL6/STAT3 signaling through regulation of the NFκB/<i>miR-29b</i> pathway. Collectively, our results suggest A-FABP as a new functional marker for protumor TAM.<b>Significance:</b> These findings identify A-FABP as a functional marker for protumor macrophages, thus offering a new target for tumor immunotherapy. <i>Cancer Res; 78(9); 2343-55. ©2018 AACR</i>.
Advanced Design of Hierarchical Topographies in Metallic Surfaces by Combining Micro‐Coining and Laser Interference Patterning (2013)

Abstract A new process idea to create hierarchical surface structures is based on the combination of micro‐coining and laser interference patterning. Micro‐coining already proved to be a high precision cold bulk metal forging process which allows for the production of small surface structures in the range of 20–200 µm while fulfilling high requirements related to the geometrical accuracy of those structures. In addition to that, laser interference patterning utilizes interfering laser beams from a pulsed solid state Nd: YAG laser to generate precisely defined surface topographies with a long‐range order on the micron‐scale. For the first time, initial results of a process combination consisting of micro‐coining and laser interference metallurgy to induce hierarchical surface structures will be presented. The results highlight the advantages of the sequence micro‐coining prior to laser interference patterning due to smaller defects in contrast to the inverted process cycle. Additionally, process limitations such as shadowing which may result from steep flank angles of the coined structures and surface roughness effects are discussed by the use of finite element simulations within this research work.
Scene-adaptive radar tracking with deep reinforcement learning (2022)

Multi-target tracking with radars is a highly challenging problem due to detection artifacts, sensor noise, and interference sources. The traditional signal processing chain is, therefore, a complex combination of various algorithms with several tunable tracking-parameters. Usually, these are initially set by engineers and are independent of the scene tracked. For this reason, they are often non-optimal and generate poorly performing tracking. In this context, scene-adaptive radar processing refers to algorithms that can sense, understand and learn information related to detected targets as well as the environment and adapt its tracking-parameters to optimize the desired goal. In this paper, we propose a Deep Reinforcement Learning framework that guides the scene-adaptive choice of radar tracking-parameters towards an improved performance on multi-target tracking.
Manipulation of Photons by Photonic Crystals (2006)

Photonic crystals, in which the refractive index changes periodically, provide an exciting new tool for the manipulation of photons and have received a keen interest from a variety of fields. In this presentation, I will review the recent progresses of manipulation of photons based on various types of engineering in photonic crystals.
Utilization plans for Ka band Satellite Communications System using COMS (2010)

It is so difficult to communicate between satellite terminals by the distributed weak signal along with the beam size in case that the satellite beam covers wide area or higher signal is needed. For overcoming this problem, one should make the size of terminal large, so should pay more for system construction. This paper looks around the configuration and functions of the multi-beam switching satellite communication system architecture, and introduces the utilization plans such as propagation test, verification test and practicality verification in Ka band OBS Satellite Communications System for COMS.
Influence of Carbon Forms and Doped Elements in the Electrodes for the Production of Fullerenes (1997)

Abstract Production of fullereries using electrodes made of four kinds of pure carbon bearing materials and artificial graphite doped with seven kinds of elements such as B, Y, La, Gd, Ce, Pr and Nd have been examined. The yields of fullerenes were in a range between 12–20% of the soot produced for all pure carbon electrodes, even though the vaporization rate of amorphous carbon electrodes was about ten times higher than that of the natural graphite electrodes. However, for the doped graphite electrodes, the yield of fullerenes was less than 5%. From the above results it is concluded that fullerenes can be effectively produced with the pure carbon electrodes made of any form of carbon bearing materials used in this study and there is little material dependence on the yield of fullerences. Furthermore, the experiments using the artificaial graphite electrodes doped with metal elements suggests that the purity of the carbon electrodes affects the yeld of fullerenes greatly.
Use of reference libraries and hybridisation fingerprinting for relational genome analysis (1993)

The concept of relational genome analysis by hybridisation has been developed into a working system. Various genomic and cDNA libraries have been generated and are distributed via a reference system. Analysis procedures have been tested successfully in the mapping of the entire Schizosaccharomyces pombe genome. In another test-case for their refinement, analyses on the Drosophila genome are well under way. Human and mouse libraries are being studied on all levels, from generating YAC maps to partially sequencing representative cDNA libraries. The automation of the involved processes and the development of improved image detection and analysis are well advanced.
Mechanisms for low on-state current of Ge (SiGe) nMOSFETs: A comparative study on gate stack, resistance, and orientation-dependent effective masses (2006)

We report the results of a systematic study to understand low drive current of Ge-based nMOSFET. The poor electron transport property is primarily attributed to the intrinsically low density of state and high conductivity effective masses. Results are supported by interface trap density (D it ) and specific contact resistivity (ρ c ), which are comparable (or symmetric) for both n- and p-MOSFETs. Effective masses of electrons, which populate L valleys are large for conductivity and small for the density of states in conventional (100) [110] channel directions, resulting in low electron mobility and carrier concentration in Ge-based nMOSFETs.
Stability of Heated Tube as a Pod and Raman Studies for Pristine and Br2 Doped Double-Wall Carbon Nanotubes (2003)

A single nanotube was cut by electron beam heating in transmission electron microscope. The lifetimes of the tubes due to electron beam heating became the longest when the tubes were heated in dry air at 500 °C in advance. This behavior can be explained by considering the quantity of contaminated carbons on the tube and the number of defects on the tube‐wall. The excitation energy dependence on the Raman spectra showed the decrease of the C‐C stretching mode vibration frequency as decreasing the tube diameter. The softening of the frequency becomes conspicuous for the tube with diameter less than ∼1 nm. The chemical doping of Br2 to double‐wall carbon nanotubes (DWNTs) indicated that most of electron holes would be generated only for the outer tubes and the electron hole doping to the inner tubes was difficult to take place. This fact can be explained when we consider the electronic structures of outer and inner tubes and less interlayer interaction in DWNT.
A Structurally Altered d,l-Amino Acid TCRα Transmembrane Peptide Interacts with the TCRα and Inhibits T-Cell Activation in Vitro and in an Animal Model (2007)

Protein-protein interactions in the membrane are pivotal for the cellular response to receptor-sensed stimuli. Recently, it has been demonstrated that an all-d-amino acids analogue of the TCRalpha transmembrane peptide (CP) is recruited to the TCR complex and inhibits T-cell activation in vitro and in vivo, similarly to the wild-type CP peptide. Here we investigated the relative contributions of the secondary structure of CP compared to its side chains in the association of CP with the TCR. We disrupted the secondary structure of CP by replacing two positive residues, needed for the interaction of CP with the TCR complex, by their d-enantiomers (2D-CP). Structure disruption was demonstrated by CD and FTIR spectroscopy, and molecular dynamics simulation in a bilayer environment. In vitro, 2D-CP colocalized with the TCR (visualized with confocal microscopy), immunoprecipitated with TCR but not MHC I, and inhibited T-cell activation. The peptide was effective also in vivo: it inhibited adjuvant arthritis in rats and delayed type hypersensitivity in BALB/c mice. Moreover, 2D-CP manifested greater immunosuppressive activity than wild-type CP, both in vivo and in vitro, which can be attributed to the greater solubility and resistance to degradation of 2D-CP. In molecular terms, these findings suggest that, under certain conditions, protein-protein interactions within the membrane might be more dependent on side chain interactions than on a specific secondary structure. The new altered secondary structure probably determines how the Lys and the Arg are positioned with respect to each other, so they can interact with the TM domain of the receptor. In clinical terms, the increased solubility and resistance to degradation of d-stereoisomers might be exploited in the targeted inactivation of pathogenic signaling pathways such as those arising from TCR-triggered activation of T-cells in immune-mediated disorders.
Abstract 4028: Oncogenic KRAS mutations induce PD-L1 overexpression through MAPK pathway activation in non-small cell lung cancer cells (2016)

Abstract The proto-oncogene KRAS is a frequently mutated oncogenic drivers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and druggable molecular targets for KRAS-mutated NSCLC have been under investigation. Recent studies have reported promising results of nivolumab, a programmed death 1 (PD-1) immune-checkpoint-inhibitor antibody, for previously treated NSCLC patients and suggested that the programmed-death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a candidate surrogate marker for the anti-PD-1 therapy. By microarray analysis, we found that short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated stable knockdown of mutant KRAS downregulated the expression of the CD274 gene (encoding PD-L1) in the NSCLC cell lines, H358 (-2.68 fold-change) and H441 (-1.98 fold-change). Additionally, we confirmed that small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting mutant KRAS, but not wild-type KRAS, reduced CD274 mRNA expression in these cell lines. As expected, the CD274 expression levels were higher in these cell lines when examining the expression in a panel of NSCLC cell lines by quantitative RT-PCR analysis. Furthermore, CD274 mRNA expression was downregulated by MEK and ERK inhibitors (U0126, FR180204, selumetinib) in H358 and H441 cells. On the other hand, the expression analysis also revealed that CD274 mRNA levels vary among KRAS-mutated cell lines. These results suggest that oncogenic KRAS mutations induce PD-L1 overexpression through activation of the MAPK pathway in NSCLC cells, whereas other unknown mechanisms that modulate PD-L1 expression underlie in different KRAS-mutated NSCLCs. Citation Format: Yosuke Miura, Noriaki Sunaga, Kyoichi Kaira, Yusuke Tsukagoshi, Takashi Osaki, Reiko Sakurai, Takeshi Hisada, Luc Girard, John D. Minna, Masanobu Yamada. Oncogenic KRAS mutations induce PD-L1 overexpression through MAPK pathway activation in non-small cell lung cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 4028.
FEM Simulation of Gas and Plasma Cutting with Emphasis on Precision of Cutting (1994)

To achieve truly effective automation or mechanization of the ship structure assembling line, it is necessary to maintain much higher precision in each manufacturing stage, such as cutting and welding, compared to that required for the system depending on skills of workers. Since the flame cutting is the first stage of the assembly and it determines large part of the accuracy problems, controlling the precision in the flame cutting is receiving more attention now. Although it has long been considered that residual plastic strain and the motion of the plate due to the transient thermal deformation are the main causes of the cutting error, hardly any studies have been conducted to investigate these factors theoretically and quantitatively. In this paper a computational method for simulating the cutting process, based on the thermal-elastic-plastic FEM, has been developed. The proposed method is verified by comparing the computations with the experimental results obtained for the plasma cutting.Using the FEM model, the residual plastic strain and the plate motion due to the transient thermal expansion are obtained respectively. Their effects are quantitatively discussed. The results show that these factors have great influences on the one-side cutting and small effects on the two-side simultaneous cutting. The influences of the residual stress existing in the plate before cutting are also investigated.
Catechol-O-methyltransferase in complex with substituted 3′-deoxyribose bisubstrate inhibitors (2012)

The biological activity of catechol neurotransmitters such as dopamine in the synapse is modulated by transporters and enzymes. Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT; EC 2.1.1.6) inactivates neurotransmitters by catalyzing the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine to catechols in the presence of Mg²⁺. This pathway also inactivates L-DOPA, the standard therapeutic for Parkinson's disease. Depletion of catechol neurotransmitters in the prefrontal cortex has been linked to schizophrenia. The inhibition of COMT therefore promises improvements in the treatment of these diseases. The concept of bisubstrate inhibitors for COMT has been described previously. Here, ribose-modified bisubstrate inhibitors were studied. Three high-resolution crystal structures of COMT in complex with novel ribose-modified bisubstrate inhibitors confirmed the predicted binding mode but displayed subtle alterations at the ribose-binding site. The high affinity of the inhibitors can be convincingly rationalized from the structures, which document the possibility of removing and/or replacing the ribose 3'-hydroxyl group and provide a framework for further inhibitor design.
Mapping And Dimensionality Of A Cloth-Based Sound Instrument (2007)

(Abstract to follow)
Numerical Investigation of Second-Mode Attenuation over Carbon/Carbon Porous Surfaces (2018)

Axisymmetric direct numerical simulations of a spatially developing hypersonic boundary layer over a sharp 7 deg half-angle cone at at Reynolds numbers , , and have been carried out. The streamwise extent of the simulated domain is 0.9 m. The boundary layer is excited with the one-time application of a broadband pulse that is advected downstream over an impermeable wall and a complex impedance boundary condition (IBC) modeling the acoustic response of carbon/carbon (C/C) ultrasonically absorptive porous surfaces. The complex IBCs are derived as an output of a pore-scale aeroacoustic analysis: the inverse Helmholtz solver (IHS) and algebraic low-order models. The IHS estimate of the C/C impedance is compared to other methods for porous acoustic absorbers, revealing uncertainties in the applicability of analytical models for porous absorbers. The introduction of the IBCs in all cases leads to a significant attenuation of the instability waves, up to one order of magnitude reduction in pressure perturbation amplitude for the case.
EP127/#410 Characteristics of endometrial carcinoma progressed to extrauterine lesions following fertility preserving therapy using MPA (2022)

<h3>Objectives</h3> Although medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) for early endometrial carcinoma and atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) is effective as fertility preserving treatment, it is rare to progress to extrauterine lesions (EL). This study is aimed to clarify the characteristics of patients who had EL following MPA treatment. <h3>Methods</h3> We analyzed the clinicopathological factors and prognosis of 367 patients with grade 1 endometrioid carcinoma (EMG1) treated with MPA at our institution. All patients had performed imaging tests before MPA treatment to rule out EL. <h3>Results</h3> Five patients (1.3%) with EMG1 had EL following MPA treatment. Two patients had EL during initial treatment, 2 patients had during repeated treatment, and 1 patient had 5 months after repeated treatment. Two patients had peritoneal dissemination, 3 patients had reginal lymph nodes metastasis, and 1 patient had distal metastasis at Virchow lymph node. EL were diagnosed with imaging tests for 4 patients and elevated tumor marker for 3 patients(overlapping). Except a patient during follow-up, EL were found at 7 months(3–13 months) after MPA treatment started. Each patient was performed standard treatment including hysterectomy and chemotherapy when diagnosed of EL, which finally resulted in the diagnosis of EMG1 for 4 patients and EMG3 for 1 patient. One patient died 6 months later since initial treatment, while others have survived without recurrence. <h3>Conclusions</h3> As a few patients had EL following MPA treatment, it is essential to examine image tests and tumor markers relatively frequently during MPA treatment or when cancer progression is suspected.
Genome co-amplification upregulates a mitotic gene network activity that predicts outcome and response to mitotic protein inhibitors in breast cancer (2016)

We define a molecular signature which may guide therapeutic approaches for tumors with high mitotic network activity.
Counterregulation of insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in primary hypothyroidism (1986)

Hypothyroidism has been alleged to modulate insulin action and influence the secretion of growth hormone and catecholamines. We recently investigated the influence of hypothyroidism on glucose counter-regulatory capacity and the hormonal responses to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in 6 patients with primary hypothyroidism (age 32-52 years, TSH-values 66-200 mU/l). Hypoglycaemia was induced in the hypothyroid state and again when the subjects were euthyroid. After an overnight fast a constant rate infusion of insulin (2.4 U/h) was given for 4 h. Glucose was measured every 15 min and insulin. C-peptide, glucagon, epinephrine, norepinephrine, growth hormone and cortisol every 30 min for 5 h. During insulin infusion somewhat higher concentrations of the hormone were obtained in the hypothyroid state and simultaneously glucose levels were 0.5 mmol/l lower. As expected, basal norepinephrine levels were higher in hypothyroidism. However, no increase in circulating norepinephrine during hypoglycaemia was registered in the two experiments. The responses of counterregulatory hormones showed an enhanced response of cortisol, similar responses of growth hormone and epinephrine while the glucagon response was paradoxically impaired. Our findings suggest that hypothyroidism alters insulin metabolism, and that the glucagon response to hypoglycaemia is impaired in this condition.
Photogalvanic effect of thin‐layer photocells composed of thionin‐polymer/Fe(II) systems (1978)

Abstract Two types of thionin (Th)‐polymers were prepared and their characteristics in the photogalvanic effects were studied by the use of thin‐layer photocells. One type of the polymers being soluble in methanol was somewhat cross‐linked by Th nuclei, and was cast on a water containing (Fe(II) solution) membrane between SnO 2 and Pt electrodes. This membrane type thin‐layer photocell generated larger photo‐induced electricity than the similar thin‐layer photocell composed of the corresponding monomeric Th/Fe(II) solution, the reason of which was considered to be due to the electrostatic effect of cationic sites incorporated into the polymers. Another type of polymers was used as water‐containing (Fe(II) solution) gels, and the thin‐layer photocells composed of them generated a very small photo‐induced electricity due to the strong steric hindrance of entangled strands, which should decrease the possibility of the electrode reaction.
Detecting and characterizing frequency fluctuations of vibrational modes (2011)

We show how frequency fluctuations of a vibrational mode can be separated from other sources of phase noise. The method is based on the analysis of the time dependence of the complex amplitude of forced vibrations. The moments of the complex amplitude sensitively depend on the frequency noise statistics and its power spectrum. The analysis applies to classical and to quantum vibrations.
Micropattern Formation of Photosensitive Imide Block Copolymer Thick Films (2005)

In order to determine the optimal composition for thick films above 10 μm of a photosensitive imide block copolymer/sensitizer composite, we examined the dissolution rates of the exposed and unexposed area, their dissolution contrast and pattern profile during the development of films prepared using a nonprecursor-type imide block copolymer (PI 21-101) with the addition of various sensitizer concentrations of diazonaphthoquinone derivative (THBP-200) from 15 wt% to 50 wt%. The dependence of the dissolution rate on THBP-200 concentration for the ?lms not subjected to the exposing process signifies that the dissolution inhibition above 30 wt% is effective to an alkaline development solution. The dissolution contrast with 30-wt% THBP-200 was found to be 15.4, which is remarkably higher than that with THBP-200 concentrations of 15 wt% and 20 wt% that are the optimal composition for thin films. With the condition of a THBP-200 concentration of 30 wt%, the optimum composition for the present thick films, a good via-hole pattern with a hole size of 20 μm was successfully formed on a film with about 10 μm in thickness.
Forward Modeling of Seismic-While-Drilling Data in Anisotropic Viscoelastic Media with Anisotropic Attenuation (2022)

Summary We have derived a system of equations for seismic-while-drilling viscoelastic wave modeling in a medium with transverse isotropy (TI) in velocity and attenuation based on a standard linear solid model. Considering anisotropy in attenuation changes the conventional frequency-dependent constant Q model to a Q matrix in a 2D problem. We derive and represent the new system of equations for this stress-strain relationship. The numerical implementation of this system is with the finite-difference method (second-order accuracy in time and fourth-order accuracy in space). Also, we use a drillstring dynamics modeling based on wave equation to model the source signature of seismic-while-drilling data. Our results show that the proposed approach is capable of capturing TI effects in attenuation and illustrating the efficiency of this system of equations for applications in seismic imaging and inversion.
Regulation of extracellular signal‐regulated protein kinase signaling in human osteosarcoma cells stimulated with nicotine (2005)

The activation of ERK expression by nicotine suggests a potential role for nicotine in the pathogenesis of cigarette smoking-associated periodontal disease. In addition, nicotine-induced ERK expression was down-regulated by NS-398, dexamethasone, OTZ, herbimycin A, and curcumin.