gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fire Fighting of Li-Ion Traction Batteries (2013)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The number of full electric and hybrid electric vehicles is rapidly growing [&lt;span class="xref"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;][&lt;span class="xref"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;][&lt;span class="xref"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;]. The new technologies accompanying this trend are increasingly becoming a focal point of interest for rescue services. There is much uncertainty about the right techniques to free trapped occupants after an accident. The same applies to vehicle fires. Can car fires involving vehicles with a lithium ion traction battery be handled in the same way as conventional vehicle fires? Is water the right extinguishing agent? Is there a risk of explosion?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;There are many unanswered questions surrounding the topic of electric vehicle safety. The lack of information is a breeding ground for rumours, misinformation and superficial knowledge. Discussions on various internet platforms further this trend.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Tests were conducted on three lithium ion traction batteries, which were fuel-fired until burning on their own. The batteries were then extinguished with water, a surfactant and a gelling agent. The temperatures of the batteries and the required amount of water were recorded.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper presents the results of the tests and provides information which can be forwarded to fire schools and other educational authorities teaching rescue and police personnel. The results will also be of interest to vehicle manufacturers regarding the accessibility of the batteries in case of a vehicle fire and testing facilities.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Electronic Reminders to Improve Timely Antibiotic Doses (2011)

To the Editor We recently described the implementation of a Smart Anesthesia Messenger system to generate reminders to anesthesia providers to administer a timely first dose of antibiotics.1 In a parallel publication in the journal of Surgical Infections, we described the implementation of the Smart Anesthesia Messenger system to remind anesthesia providers to redose antibiotics when the duration of surgery exceeds the antibiotic redosing interval.2 Both systems were implemented and tested in nearly concurrent fashion. Our results can most likely be reproduced if anesthesia information management systems provide both first dose and redose antibiotic reminders by way of real-time electronic messages generated by a computerized decision support system. In addition, we would like to point out a typographical error in our recently published manuscript.1 On page 1294, in the section Antibiotic Administration and Paper Anesthetic Records, the line “Before September 2009 our institution used paper anesthesia records to document intraoperative antibiotic administration” should state “Before September 2008 our institution used paper anesthesia records to document intraoperative antibiotic administration.” We apologize for this error. Bala G. Nair, PhD Gene N. Peterson, MD, PhD Howard A. Schwid, MD Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine University of Washington Seattle, Washington [email protected]
Dynamic vision sensor for low power applications (2014)

This paper presents the design of a dynamic vision sensor for mobile applications. The sensor features a standby mode with less than 250uW of power dissipation. The sensor changes operation mode between standby and normal operation itself depending on input activity. The power consumption in normal operation mode is typically 500uW and activity dependent. The sensor design is implemented in a 90nm backside illumination process with a pixel-array size of 1.44mm by 1.44mm.
Deep Learning for Cost-Optimal Planning: Task-Dependent Planner Selection (2019)

As classical planning is known to be computationally hard, no single planner is expected to work well across many planning domains. One solution to this problem is to use online portfolio planners that select a planner for a given task. These portfolios perform a classification task, a well-known and wellresearched task in the field of machine learning. The classification is usually performed using a representation of planning tasks with a collection of hand-crafted statistical features. Recent techniques in machine learning that are based on automatic extraction of features have not been employed yet due to the lack of suitable representations of planning tasks.In this work, we alleviate this barrier. We suggest representing planning tasks by images, allowing to exploit arguably one of the most commonly used and best developed techniques in deep learning. We explore some of the questions that inevitably rise when applying such a technique, and present various ways of building practically useful online portfoliobased planners. An evidence of the usefulness of our proposed technique is a planner that won the cost-optimal track of the International Planning Competition 2018.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of O2‐ and N3‐(2‐Phosphonomethoxy)ethyl Derivatives of 6‐Phenyl‐ and 6‐Pyridinyl‐5‐azacytosine. (2011)

Abstract The compounds (III)‐(VI) do not exhibit antitumor or antiviral activity.
Glycine-functionalized copper(ii) hydroxide nanoparticles with high intrinsic superoxide dismutase activity (2017)

Superoxide dismutases (SOD) are a group of enzymes that catalyze the dismutation of superoxide (O<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>) radicals into molecular oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>) and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> as a first line of defense against oxidative stress. Here, we show that glycine-functionalized copper(ii) hydroxide nanoparticles (Gly-Cu(OH)<sub>2</sub> NPs) are functional SOD mimics, whereas bulk Cu(OH)<sub>2</sub> is insoluble in water and catalytically inactive. In contrast, Gly-Cu(OH)<sub>2</sub> NPs form water-dispersible mesocrystals with a SOD-like activity that is larger than that of their natural CuZn enzyme counterpart. Based on this finding, we devised an application where Gly-Cu(OH)<sub>2</sub> NPs were incorporated into cigarette filters. Cigarette smoke contains high concentrations of toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS, >10<sup>16</sup> molecules per puff) including superoxide and reactive nitrogen species which lead to the development of chronic and degenerative diseases via oxidative damage and subsequent cell death. Embedded in cigarette filters Gly-Cu(OH)<sub>2</sub> NPs efficiently removed ROS from smoke, thereby protecting lung cancer cell lines from cytotoxic effects. Their stability, ease of production and versatility make them a powerful tool for a wide range of applications in environmental chemistry, biotechnology and medicine.
Polarization-Splitter-Rotator-Free Dual-Polarization Coherent Receiver with a Single Optical Hybrid (2021)

We propose and demonstrate a dual-polarization (DP) homodyne coherent receiver with a single optical hybrid without any polarization splitter-rotator. Using a proof-of-concept device fabricated on InP, DP quadrature phase-shift keying signal is retrieved successfully.
Dimerization of terminal alkynes catalyzed by a nickel complex having a bulky phosphine ligand (2004)

Ni(cod)(2)/P(t)Bu(3) system catalyzed the dimerization of terminal alkynes to give (E)-head-to-head dimerization products, in which the stannylacetylene dimer could be applied to a one-pot synthesis of a conjugated enyne, when combined with Migita-Stille coupling.
A Decamer Duplication in the BRI Gene Originates a de novo Amyloid Peptide that Causes Dementia in a Danish Kindred (2001)

Familial Danish dementia, formally known as heredopathia ophthalmo-oto-encephalica, was described in the early 1970s as a dominantly inherited disorder originating in the Djursland peninsula, north-east of the city of Aarhus, Denmark. The clinical presentation of the disease is cataracts and the other ocular systems in early adult life, followed by hearing impairment around the age of 30. Neurological symptoms and dementia start after the age 40. Most patients die in their fifth or sixth decade of life.
Neonatal Exposure to the Cyanobacterial Toxin BMAA Induces Changes in Protein Expression and Neurodegeneration in Adult Hippocampus (2012)

The cyanobacterial toxin β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) has been proposed to contribute to neurodegenerative disease. We have previously reported a selective uptake of BMAA in the mouse neonatal hippocampus and that exposure during the neonatal period causes learning and memory impairments in adult rats. The aim of this study was to characterize effects in the brain of 6-month-old rats treated neonatally (postnatal days 9-10) with the glutamatergic BMAA. Protein changes were examined using the novel technique Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI) imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) for direct imaging of proteins in brain cryosections, and histological changes were examined using immunohistochemistry and histopathology. The results showed long-term changes including a decreased expression of proteins involved in energy metabolism and intracellular signaling in the adult hippocampus at a dose (150 mg/kg) that gave no histopathological lesions in this brain region. Developmental exposure to a higher dose (460 mg/kg) also induced changes in the expression of S100β, histones, calcium- and calmodulin-binding proteins, and guanine nucleotide-binding proteins. At this dose, severe lesions in the adult hippocampus including neuronal degeneration, cell loss, calcium deposits, and astrogliosis were evident. The data demonstrate subtle, sometimes dose-dependent, but permanent effects of a lower neonatal dose of BMAA in the adult hippocampus suggesting that BMAA could potentially disturb many processes during the development. The detection of BMAA in seafood stresses the importance of evaluating the magnitude of human exposure to this neurotoxin.
High‐pixel‐rate grating‐light‐valve laser projector (2009)

Abstract— A high‐pixel‐rate, high‐contrast (30,000:1) wide‐color‐gamut grating‐light‐valve laser projector is reported. A new optical engine enabling high‐frame‐rate (240 Hz) scan projection is employed. Panoramic wide‐angle‐scan projection with a 64:9 aspect ratio was also developed. Speckle noise is eliminated using a simple but highly efficient technique. The optical throughput efficiency of the grating‐light‐valve laser projector is reviewed.
Hydrogenation of 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol over a Pd/ZnO catalyst: kinetic model and selectivity study (2016)

The three-phase hydrogenation of 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol has been studied over a Pd/ZnO catalyst. A mathematical model has been proposed to predict the behavior of the system in the typical operating ranges if industrial reactors.
A Supervised Low-Rank Method for Learning Invariant Subspaces (2015)

Sparse representation and low-rank matrix decomposition approaches have been successfully applied to several computer vision problems. They build a generative representation of the data, which often requires complex training as well as testing to be robust against data variations induced by nuisance factors. We introduce the invariant components, a discriminative representation invariant to nuisance factors, because it spans subspaces orthogonal to the space where nuisance factors are defined. This allows developing a framework based on geometry that ensures a uniform inter-class separation, and a very efficient and robust classification based on simple nearest neighbor. In addition, we show how the approach is equivalent to a local metric learning, where the local metrics (one for each class) are learned jointly, rather than independently, thus avoiding the risk of overfitting without the need for additional regularization. We evaluated the approach for face recognition with highly corrupted training and testing data, obtaining very promising results.
PCR validation of miRNA microarray results. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;qRT-PCR analysis of miR-146a, miR-21 and miR-155 expression normalized to 5S rRNA from &lt;i&gt;B. burgdorferi&lt;/i&gt;-infected joints of B6, C3H and IL10&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt; mice at 1, 2, or 4 weeks post-infection (n = 3–4). Shown is fold change in expression compared to uninfected controls ± SEM. * indicates statistically significant increase in expression vs. uninfected controls by ANOVA followed by Dunnett's post-hoc test, α = 0.05.&lt;/p&gt;
Supplementary Tables from Induction of Telomere Dysfunction Prolongs Disease Control of Therapy-Resistant Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S1 Mean density values of crystal violet staining of 16 melanoma cell lines treated with 6-thio-dG and PLX4720. Table S2 RNA-seq data related to A375 cells treated with 6-thio-dG. Table S3 RNA-seq data related to A375 cells treated with BIBR 1532. Table S4 Apoptotic index and ssGSEA scores of 11 gene sets in 18 CCLE melanoma cell lines. Table S5 RPPA data related to A375 cells treated with 6-thio-dG. Table S6 Mean density values of crystal violet staining of 6 therapy-resistant melanoma cell lines treated with 6-thio-dG. Table S7 RPPA data related to the comparison between LOX-IMVI parental and BR cells. Table S8 RPPA data related to LOX-IMVI parental cells treated with 6-thio-dG. Table S9 RPPA data related to LOX-IMVI BR cells treated with 6-thio-dG. Table S10 RPPA data related to LOX-IMVI BR xenografts treated with 6-thio-dG. Table S11 The clinical information from patients with metastatic melanoma treated with immunotherapies.&lt;/p&gt;
Phase-controlled amplification of few-cycle laser pulses (2004)

Several methods of carrier-envelope-phase stabilization of amplified ultrashort laser pulses are presented. Full temporal characterization of the resultant intense few-cycle light waveforms, reproducible with every laser shot, was achieved by combining conventional pulse characterization techniques with observing the signature of soft-X-ray emission.
Effects of MCF2L2, ADIPOQ and SOX2 genetic polymorphisms on the development of nephropathy in type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (2010)

The present study provides evidence that MCF2L2, ADIPOQ and SOX2 genetic polymorphisms have effects on the resistance of DN in female T1D patients, and suggests that the linkage with DN in chromosome 3q may be explained by the cumulated genetic effects.
OPTEL terminal for deep space telemetry links (2007)

Contraves Space AG is currently developing the OPTEL family of optical terminals for free-space optical communications. The optical terminals within the OPTEL family have been designed for future opportunities open to this technology. These opportunities range from commercial optical satellite crosslinks between geostationary (GEO) satellites, deep space optical links between planetary probes and the Earth, as well as optical links between airborne platforms (either between the airborne platforms or between a platform and satellite). The OPTEL terminal for deep space applications has been designed as an integrated RF-optical terminal for telemetry links between the science probe and Earth. The integrated architecture provides increased TM link capacities through the use of an optical link, while spacecraft navigation and telecommand are ensured by the classical RF link. The optical TM link employs pulsed laser communications to achieve robustness on the link to atmospheric degradation at the optical ground station. This paper will present an overview of the system architectures that the Contraves Space family of OPTEL terminals have been designed to support and will focus on the design of the deep space optical communications terminal.
Inhibition of TLR9-NF-κB-mediated sterile inflammation improves pressure overload-induced right ventricular dysfunction in rats (2018)

Inhibition of TLR9-NF-κB pathway-mediated sterile inflammation improved PAB-induced RV dysfunction in rats. This pathway plays a major role in the progression of pressure overload-induced RV dysfunction and is potentially a novel therapeutic target for the disorder.
An investigation of interference between UTRA-TDD and FDD system (2002)

Interference between the UTRA-TDD and FDD system is investigated. There are some specific interference modes in the TDD mode because the uplink and the downlink use the same frequency band in the TDD mode. The UTRA-TDD and the UTRA-FDD have severe adjacent channel interference if they use the adjacent carrier. Some simulations are done to study the interference. Impacts of four different interference instances were considered in the simulation. The impact on the UTRA-FDD uplink capacity is evaluated. Some interesting results are given from the simulations. The TDD and FDD base station can not be co-located if they use the adjacent frequency band between which the value of ACIR is below about 70 dB. The TDD and FDD cells can use the same frequency in some scenarios, which will increase the capacity, and utilize the underused UTRA-FDD uplink resources.
First-in-human trial focusing on the immunologic effects of the survivin-derived multiepitope vaccine EMD640744. (2011)

2515 Background: Survivin is a promising antigen for cancer immunotherapy based on two major criteria: tumor cells depend on its actions, and it has demonstrated immunogenicity in patients with different cancers. Here we report immunomonitoring results of a first-in-man Phase I study (EMR 200032-001) with EMD640744, a cocktail of survivin-derived partially modified HLA class I-restricted peptides in Montanide ISA 51 VG. This multicenter, open-label, parallel group, randomized study compared the immunologic efficacy, safety, tolerability and clinical activity of 3 dosages of sc EMD640744 (30, 100 or 300 µg) in patients with different types of metastatic or locally advanced solid tumors positive for at least one relevant HLA antigen (A1, A2, A3, A24, B7). Methods: Routine immunomonitoring to analyze peptide-specific T cell responses at baseline and at weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, and 17 was performed by IFN-γ ELISpot and peptide/HLA-multimer staining (primary endpoint). Additional analyses were performed by intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) to IL-2, IFNγ, TNFα and degranulation marker CD107a after a single in vitro presensitization for 2 weeks with EMD640744. Results: Routine monitoring displayed T cell responses against the vaccine in 14 of 38 patients (37%) assessed by IFNγ-ELISpot and in 31 of 42 patients (74%) by HLA-multimer staining; 16 responses (38%) were clearly de novo induced. ICS revealed 3 relevant findings: 1) 15 of 22 (68%) analyzed patients showed vaccine-specific CD4+ T cells that could be blocked by anti-HLA-Class II antibodies; 2) survivin-specific CD8+ and CD4+ specific T cells often were polyfunctional, responding with degranulation and production of one or more cytokines; and 3) CD8+ responses against native homologues of modified vaccination peptides were demonstrated in 12 of 13 analyzed patients, and CD4+ responses in 5 of 9 patients. Dose dependency was not observed. Conclusions: Vaccination with EMD640744 elicited de novo T cell responses against survivin peptides in many patients, demonstrating immunological efficacy of EMD640744. The capability of EMD640744 to promote CD4-specific T cell help might explain the remarkable number of successfully induced immune responses.
2',3'-Dideoxy- and 3'-Azido-2',3'-dideoxynucleosides of 5-Phenyl-2(1H)-pyrimidinone. Preparation of 2',3'-Dideoxypentofuranoses (1996)

The synthesis of methyl 3-azido-5-benzoyl-2,3-dideoxy-β-D-ribofuranoside ( 10 ) from methyl 2-deoxy-D-ribofuranoside ( 1 ) and its use for the preparation of 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxy-β-D-ribofuranosides is described. Reaction of methylglucoside 1 with benzoyl chloride in pyridine afforded 5- O -benzoyl derivative 2 , which on oxidation with complex of chromium trioxide, pyridine and acetic anhydride afforded 3-keto derivative 3 . This was reduced with sodium borohydride in ethanol to give a mixture of methyl 2-deoxyglycosides of α-D- ribo - ( 4 ) and β-D- xylo - ( 5 ) configuration. Their mesyl derivatives 6 and 7 were chromatographically separated. Compound 7 reacted with sodium azide in hot dimethylformamide to afford methyl 3-azido-5- O -benzoyl-2,3-dideoxy-β-D-ribofuranoside ( 10 ). 5-Phenyl-2(1 H )-pyrimidinone was converted into silyl derivative 11 by treatment with hexamethyldisilazane. Reaction of compound 11 with the azido sugar 10 , catalyzed by trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate, and subsequent methanolysis, furnished a mixture of anomeric 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxynucleosides 14 and 15 . Methyl 5- O -benzoyl-2,3-dideoxy-α-D-ribofuranoside ( 17 ) was prepared from methyl-α-glycoside 4 by reaction with thionyl chloride and subsequent reduction of the obtained 3-chloro derivative 16 with tributylstannane. Silyl derivative 11 reacted with 2,3-dideoxy sugar 17 under catalysis with trimethylsilyl triflate to give mainly 1-(5- O -benzoyl-2,3-dideoxy-α-D- glycero -pentofuranosyl)-5-phenyl-2(1 H )-pyrimidinone ( 19 ) and minor amount of the β-anomer 18 . Their methanolysis afforded dideoxynucleosides 20 and 21 .
Inhibition of protective immunity against Staphylococcus aureus infection by MHC-restricted immunodominance is overcome by vaccination (2020)

Recurrent <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> infections are common, despite robust immune responses. <i>S. aureus</i> infection elicited protective antibody and T cell responses in mice that expressed the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) of the H-2<sup>d</sup> haplotype, but not H-2<sup>b</sup>, demonstrating that host genetics drives individual variability. Vaccination with a-toxin or leukotoxin E (LukE) elicited similar antibody and T cell responses in mice expressing H-2<sup>d</sup> or H-2<sup>b</sup>, but vaccine-elicited responses were inhibited by concomitant infection in H-2<sup>d</sup>-expressing mice. These findings suggested that competitive binding of microbial peptides to host MHC proteins determines the specificity of the immunodominant response, which was confirmed using LukE-derived peptide-MHC tetramers. A vaccine that elicited T cell and antibody responses protected mice that expressed H-2<sup>d</sup> or H-2<sup>b</sup>, demonstrating that vaccination can overcome MHC-restricted immunodominance. Together, these results define how host genetics determine whether immunity elicted by <i>S. aureus</i> is protective and provide a mechanistic roadmap for future vaccine design.
Smoothing and Decomposition for Analysis Sparse Recovery (2014)

We consider algorithms and recovery guarantees for the analysis sparse model in which the signal is sparse with respect to a highly coherent frame. We consider the use of a monotone version of the fast iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm (MFISTA) to solve the analysis sparse recovery problem. Since the proximal operator in MFISTA does not have a closed-form solution for the analysis model, it cannot be applied directly. Instead, we examine two alternatives based on smoothing and decomposition transformations that relax the original sparse recovery problem, and then implement MFISTA on the relaxed formulation. We refer to these two methods as smoothing-based and decomposition-based MFISTA. We analyze the convergence of both algorithms and establish that smoothing-based MFISTA converges more rapidly when applied to general nonsmooth optimization problems. We then derive a performance bound on the reconstruction error using these techniques. The bound proves that our methods can recover a signal sparse in a redundant tight frame when the measurement matrix satisfies a properly adapted restricted isometry property. Numerical examples demonstrate the performance of our methods and show that smoothing-based MFISTA converges faster than the decomposition-based alternative in real applications, such as MRI image reconstruction.