gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
J0404-5-3 Strain and Temperature Distributed Sensing with polarization-maintaining Fiber Bragg Grating (2010)

The strain or temperature distribution can be measured by optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) using fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) with high spatial resolution. In general, however, one needs to compensate temperature/strain effects during strain/temperature measurement because of the Bragg wavelength sensitivity to both of them. In this paper, we implemented simultaneous strain and temperature sensing with FBG inscribed into polarization-maintaining fiber. First we constructed a numerical model of OFDR using polarization-maintaining FBG for the necessity of analysis about polarization interference and polarized Bragg wavelengths behavior. After assessments of simultaneous measurement capability through numerical simulations, we implemented simultaneous strain and temperature sensing experiments with OFDR distributed sensing. The results showed the practical capability of simultaneous measurement with distributed sensing.
Recent advances in the design of light-activated tissue repair (2018)

Fundamental concepts, key mechanisms, and future challenges in light-activated tissue repair techniques including photo-tissue bonding, laser tissue welding, and in situ photo-polymerization are reviewed in this chapter. We aim to present a fresh perspective on the fundamental concepts of the photochemistry involved that will allow further advancement in the development ofsafe technologies and efficient clinical translation.
Single-Lever Power Control for General Aviation Aircraft Promises Improved Efficiency and Simplified Pilot Controls (1997)

General aviation research is leading to major advances in internal combustion engine control systems for single-engine, single-pilot aircraft. These advances promise to increase engine performance and fuel efficiency while substantially reducing pilot workload and increasing flight safety. One such advance is a single-lever power control (SLPC) system, a welcome departure from older, less user-friendly, multilever engine control systems. The benefits of using single-lever power controls for general aviation aircraft are improved flight safety through advanced engine diagnostics, simplified powerplant operations, increased time between overhauls, and cost-effective technology (extends fuel burn and reduces overhaul costs). The single-lever concept has proven to be so effective in preliminary studies that general aviation manufacturers are making plans to retrofit current aircraft with the technology and are incorporating it in designs for future aircraft.
Peptide Substrate Specificities and Protein Cleavage Sites of Human Endometase/Matrilysin-2/Matrix Metalloproteinase-26 (2002)

Human endometase/matrilysin-2/matrix metalloproteinase-26 (MMP-26) is a novel epithelial and cancer-specific metalloproteinase. Peptide libraries were used to profile the substrate specificity of MMP-26 from the P4-P4' sites. The optimal cleavage motifs for MMP-26 were Lys-Pro-Ile/Leu-Ser(P1)-Leu/Met(P1')-Ile/Thr-Ser/Ala-Ser. The strongest preference was observed at the P1' and P2 sites where hydrophobic residues were favored. Proline was preferred at P3, and Serine was preferred at P1. The overall specificity was similar to that of other MMPs with the exception that more flexibility was observed at P1, P2', and P3'. Accordingly, synthetic inhibitors of gelatinases and collagenases inhibited MMP-26 with similar efficacy. A pair of stereoisomers had only a 40-fold difference in K(i)(app) values against MMP-26 compared with a 250-fold difference against neutrophil collagenase, indicating that MMP-26 is less stereoselective for its inhibitors. MMP-26 autodigested itself during the folding process. Two of the major autolytic sites were Leu(49)-Thr(50) and Ala(75)-Leu(76), which still left the cysteine switch sequence (PHC(82)GVPD) intact. This suggests that Cys(82) may not play a role in the latency of the zymogen. Interestingly, inhibitor titration studies revealed that only approximately 5% of the total MMP-26 molecules was catalytically active, indicating that the thiol groups of Cys(82) in the active molecules may be dissociated or removed from the active site zinc ions. MMP-26 cleaved Phe(352)-Leu(353) and Pro(357)-Met(358) in the reactive loop of alpha(1)-proteinase inhibitor and His(140)-Val(141) in insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1, probably rendering these substrates inactive. Among the fluorescent peptide substrates analyzed, Mca-Pro-Leu-Ala-Nva-Dpa-Ala-Arg-NH(2) displayed the highest specificity constant (30,000/molar second) with MMP-26. This report proposes a working model for the future studies of pro-MMP-26 activation, the design of inhibitors, and the identification of optimal physiological and pathological substrates of MMP-26 in vivo.
588: MICROBIOME ANALYSIS INFORMS SMALL-BORE FEEDING TUBE STYLET CLEANSING AND STORAGE PRACTICES (2021)

Bourgault, Annette; Deb, Chirajyoti; Aguirre, Lillian; Xie, Rui; Rathbun, Kimberly; Pemberton, Veronica; Sole, Mary Lou Author Information
Comparison of the amine/amino acid activation profiles of the β- and γ-carbonic anhydrases from the pathogenic bacteriumBurkholderia pseudomallei (2017)

The β-class carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) from the pathogenic bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei, BpsCAβ, that is responsible for the tropical disease melioidosis was investigated for its activation with natural and non-natural amino acids and amines. Previously, the γ-CA from this bacterium has been investigated with the same library of 19 amines/amino acids, which show very potent activating effects on both enzymes. The most effective BpsCAβ activators were L- and D-DOPA, L- and D-Trp, L-Tyr, 4-amino-L-Phe, histamine, dopamine, serotonin, 2-pyridyl-methylamine, 1-(2-aminoethyl)-piperazine and L-adrenaline with K<sub>A</sub>s of 0.9-27 nM. Less effective activators were D-His, L- and D-Phe, D-Tyr, 2-(2-aminoethyl)pyridine and 4-(2-aminoethyl)-morpholine with K<sub>A</sub>s of 73 nM-3.42 µM. The activation of CAs from bacteria, such as BpsCAγ/β, has not been considered previously for possible biomedical applications. It would be of interest to perform studies in which bacteria are cultivated in the presence of CA activators, which may contribute to understanding processes connected with the virulence and colonization of the host by pathogenic bacteria.
Development of CMX001 for the Treatment of Poxvirus Infections (2010)

CMX001 (phosphonic acid, [[(S)-2-(4-amino-2-oxo-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl)-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]methyl]mono[3-(hexadecyloxy)propyl] ester) is a lipid conjugate of the acyclic nucleotide phosphonate, cidofovir (CDV). CMX001 is currently in Phase II clinical trials for the prophylaxis of human cytomegalovirus infection and under development using the Animal Rule for smallpox infection. It has proven effective in reduction of morbidity and mortality in animal models of human smallpox, even after the onset of lesions and other clinical signs of disease. CMX001 and CDV are active against all five families of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses that cause human morbidity and mortality, including orthopoxviruses such as variola virus, the cause of human smallpox. However, the clinical utility of CDV is limited by the requirement for intravenous dosing and a high incidence of acute kidney toxicity. The risk of nephrotoxicity necessitates pre-hydration and probenecid administration in a health care facility, further complicating high volume CDV use in an emergency situation. Compared with CDV, CMX001 has a number of advantages for treatment of smallpox in an emergency including greater potency in vitro against all dsDNA viruses that cause human disease, a high genetic barrier to resistance, convenient oral administration as a tablet or liquid, and no evidence to date of nephrotoxicity in either animals or humans. The apparent lack of nephrotoxicity observed with CMX001 in vivo is because it is not a substrate for the human organic anion transporters that actively secrete CDV into kidney cells. The ability to test the safety and efficacy of CMX001 in patients with life-threatening dsDNA virus infections which share many basic traits with variola is a major advantage in the development of this antiviral for a smallpox indication.
Direct Metabolic Interrogation of Dihydrotestosterone Biosynthesis from Adrenal Precursors in Primary Prostatectomy Tissues (2017)

<b>Purpose:</b> A major mechanism of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) involves intratumoral biosynthesis of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) from adrenal precursors. We have previously shown that adrenal-derived androstenedione (AD) is the preferred substrate over testosterone (T) for 5α-reductase expressed in metastatic CRPC, bypassing T as an obligate precursor to DHT. However, the metabolic pathway of adrenal-derived DHT biosynthesis has not been rigorously investigated in the setting of primary disease in the prostate.<b>Experimental Design:</b> Seventeen patients with clinically localized prostate cancer were consented for fresh tissues after radical prostatectomy. Prostate tissues were cultured <i>ex vivo</i> in media spiked with an equimolar mixture of AD and T, and stable isotopic tracing was employed to simultaneously follow the enzymatic conversion of both precursor steroids into nascent metabolites, detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. CRPC cell line models and xenograft tissues were similarly assayed for comparative analysis. A tritium-labeled steroid radiotracing approach was used to validate our findings.<b>Results:</b> Prostatectomy tissues readily 5α-reduced both T and AD. Furthermore, 5α-reduction of AD was the major directionality of metabolic flux to DHT. However, AD and T were comparably metabolized by 5α-reductase in primary prostate tissues, contrasting the preference exhibited by CRPC in which AD was favored over T. 5α-reductase inhibitors effectively blocked the conversion of AD to DHT.<b>Conclusions:</b> Both AD and T are substrates of 5α-reductase in prostatectomy tissues, resulting in two distinctly nonredundant metabolic pathways to DHT. Furthermore, the transition to CRPC may coincide with a metabolic switch toward AD as the favored substrate. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 23(20); 6351-62. ©2017 AACR</i>.
TUMOUR ASSOCIATED ANTIGENS IN BOVINE HORN CANCER (1982)

Tumour associated antigens in bovine horn cancer (HC) were demonstrated by immunodiffusion in agar gel and by immuno-fluorescence. Antiserums raised in rabbits against sonicated pooled horn cancer tissue extracts and absorbed with normal antigens, reacted only with HC extracts on agar gel diffusion. Preparations of normal antigen (skin, horn core epithelium, lymph node and liver) and extracts from other tumours (fibroma, fibrosarcoma and myxoma) did not show any reactivity against absorbed antiserum in this test. The absorbed antiserum showing specific reactivity to HC extracts in gel diffusion tests was conjugated to fluorescein isothiocyanate. Many different HC, normal cells and cells from other tumours were incubated with the conjugate and examined by fluorescent microscopy. HC cells showed specific beaded fluorescence on the surface whereas such fluorescence was not observed in normal cells or cells from other tumours.
From matrix nano- and micro-phase tougheners to composite macro-properties (2016)

In this paper, firstly, the morphology and toughness of a range of bulk epoxy polymers, which incorporate a second phase of well-dispersed silica nanoparticles and/or rubber microparticles, have been determined. Secondly, the macro-properties of natural-fibre reinforced-plastic (NFRP) composites based upon these epoxy polymers have been ascertained, using (i) unidirectional flax fibres or (ii) regenerated-cellulose fibres in the architecture of a plain-woven fabric. Thirdly, the toughening mechanisms which are induced in these materials by the presence of the silica nanoparticles, the rubber microparticles and the natural fibres have been identified. Finally, the values of the toughness of the bulk epoxy polymers and corresponding NFRPs have been quantitatively modelled. The increased toughness recorded for the bulk epoxy polymer due to the presence of the silica nanoparticles and/or rubber microparticles was indeed typically transferred to the NFRP composites when using such epoxies as the matrices for the fibres. Thus, the important role that may be played by modifications to the epoxy matrices in order to increase the toughness of the composites was very clearly demonstrated by these results. However, notwithstanding, the toughening mechanisms induced by the fibres were essentially responsible for the very high toughnesses of the NFRP composites, compared with the bulk epoxy polymers. The modelling studies successfully predicted the values of toughness of the bulk epoxy polymers and of the NFRP composites. These studies also quantified the extent to which each toughening mechanism, induced by the second-phase nano- and microparticles and the natural fibres, contributed to the overall values of toughness of the materials. This article is part of the themed issue 'Multiscale modelling of the structural integrity of composite materials'.
Switch recombination breakpoints occur at nonrandom positions in the S gamma tandem repeat. (1993)

Ig switch (S) recombination is clearly focused on S regions. It is possible that S-specific DNA binding proteins facilitate the alignment of these regions before recombination. The S gamma 3-specific DNA binding proteins, SNAP and SNIP/NF-kappa B, interact with two discrete regions of the S gamma 3 tandem repeat, the A and B sites. Recombination breakpoints in the S gamma 3 region were found to significantly correlate with the binding sites of the S gamma 3 binding proteins. We now report the conservation of the SNIP and SNAP binding sites in S gamma 2b and S gamma 1 DNA. SNIP/NF-kappa B interacts with its cognate sites in S gamma 2b and S gamma 1 DNA as determined by mobility shift assays, competition binding studies, and supershift analysis using an antiserum specific for the p50 component. SNAP binds specifically to S gamma 2b and S gamma 1 as measured by mobility shift assays and competition binding studies. SNAP is composed of two closely traveling mobilities that do not separate on partial purification. SNIP and SNAP are expressed in nuclear extracts derived from murine splenic B cell cultures stimulated with mitogen or mitogen and IL-4. No new DNA binding proteins specific for S gamma 1 tandem repeats are detectable in nuclear extracts from B cells stimulated with mitogen and IL-4. The sites at which recombination occurs in the S gamma 2b and S gamma 1 regions have been analyzed statistically and found to correlate with the SNIP/NF-kappa B and SNAP binding sites. Distinctions have been found regarding the use of DNA substrates within the tandem repeat between primary (mu-->gamma) and successive (gamma-->x) S recombination.
Improving domain adaptation in de-identification of electronic health records through self-training (2021)

Our work demonstrates an effective self-training framework to boost the domain adaptation performance for the de-identification task for electronic health records.
MgATP-dependent inactivation of rat liver aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases is explained by pyrophosphate generation and not by phosphorylation (1987)

Conference Article| April 01 1987 MgATP-dependent inactivation of rat liver aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases is explained by pyrophosphate generation and not by phosphorylation DONALD L. SCHELLING; DONALD L. SCHELLING 1Department of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Institute, The University, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar PHILIP COHEN PHILIP COHEN 1Department of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Institute, The University, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland, U.K. Department of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Institute, The University, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1987) 15 (2): 271–272. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0150271 Article history Received: September 22 1986 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation DONALD L. SCHELLING, PHILIP COHEN; MgATP-dependent inactivation of rat liver aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases is explained by pyrophosphate generation and not by phosphorylation. Biochem Soc Trans 1 April 1987; 15 (2): 271–272. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0150271 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: PPi, inorganic pyrophosphate This content is only available as a PDF. © 1987 Biochemical Society1987 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Panel 12: Department of Organismal Biology, Ecology and Genetics, Department of Department of Cell and Molecular Biology (2017)

Panel 12: Department of Organismal Biology, Ecology and Genetics, Department of   Department of Cell and Molecular Biology
Related Article from Tumor-Specific T-cell Help Is Associated with Improved Survival in Melanoma (2023)

Related Article from Tumor-Specific T-cell Help Is Associated with Improved Survival in Melanoma
Mass cytometry identifies the source of cellular and functional changes of gene expression profiles associated with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis mortality (2019)

Abstract Background We have previously identified a 52-gene signature that distinguishes Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) patients with low and high risk genomic profiles with significant differences in mortality. Here, we aimed to apply mass cytometry to characterize phenotypic and functional differences in immune cells between controls and IPF patients with low and high-risk genomic profiles based on the 52-gene signature. Methods PBMCs from 20 subjects, including 9 low-risk, 6 high-risk and 5 controls were barcoded with unique palladium-based combinatorial labels and stained as a single multiplexed sample using mass cytometry. 30 antibodies were studied simultaneously. K-means clustering was used to classify cell events into cell subsets. Differences in immune cell subpopulations were examined by generalized linear mixed-effects model. Linear mixed-effects model was used for differential analysis of functional targets in each individual cell subset between groups. Results Compared to controls, IPF patients were characterized by significantly increased number of classical monocytes, mDCs, activated Th and Tc cells, and decreased naïve Th cells. We observed a significantly higher frequency of classical monocytes in IPF patients with high versus low risk genomic profiles. Significantly increased levels of CD121b and decreased levels of CD28, LCK, ICOS, CD127, CD96 and ETS1 were observed in monocytes, T-cells, B-cells and granulocytes in high-risk compared to low-risk IPF suggesting these cells as the source of our previously identified gene expression findings. Conclusions Our study identified novel immune aberrations in IPF patients and the source of cellular and functional changes of genomic risk profiles associated with IPF mortality.
Static Dielectric Properties of Carbon Nanotubes from First Principles (2006)

We characterize the response of isolated single-wall (SWNT) and multiwall (MWNT) carbon nanotubes and nanotube bundles to static electric fields using first-principles calculations and density-functional theory. The longitudinal polarizability of SWNTs scales as the inverse square of the band gap, while in MWNTs and bundles it is given by the sum of the polarizabilities of the constituent tubes. The transverse polarizability of SWNTs is insensitive to band gaps and chiralities and is proportional to the square of the effective radius; in MWNTs, the outer layers dominate the response. The transverse response is intermediate between metallic and insulating, and a simple electrostatic model based on a scale-invariance relation captures accurately the first-principles results. The dielectric response of nonchiral SWNTs in both directions remains linear up to very high values of applied field.
Distributed Low-Complexity Maximum-Throughput Scheduling for Wireless Backhaul Networks (2007)

We introduce a low-complexity distributed slotted MAC protocol that can support all feasible arrival rates in a wireless backhaul network (WBN). For arbitrary wireless networks, such a maximum throughput protocol has been notoriously hard to realize because even if global topology information is available, the problem of computing the optimal link transmission set at each slot is NP-complete. For the logical tree structures induced by WBN traffic matrices, we first introduce a centralized algorithm that solves the optimal scheduling problem in a number of steps at most linear in the number of nodes in the network. This is achieved by discovering and exploiting a novel set of graph-theoretical properties of WBN contention graph. Guided by the centralized algorithm, we design a distributed protocol where, at the beginning of each slot, nodes coordinate and incrementally compute the optimal link transmission set. We then introduce an algorithm to compute the minimum number of steps to complete this computation, thus minimizing the per-slot overhead. Using both analysis and simulations, we show that in practice our protocol yields low overhead when implemented over existing wireless technologies and significantly outperforms existing suboptimal distributed slotted scheduling mechanisms.
Caprolactam from Renewable Resources: Catalytic Conversion of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural into Caprolactone (2011)

Erneuerbares Nylon: 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), das aus erneuerbaren Quellen wie D-Fructose zugänglich ist, wurde in nur drei Stufen mit einer sehr guten Gesamtselektivität in Caprolacton überführt. Dieser neue Ansatz umfasst zwei Hydrierungen, die 1,6-Hexandiol liefern, und dessen oxidative Cyclisierung zu Caprolacton. Dieses wurde schließlich zu Caprolactam umgesetzt.
Improvement in soluble fiber content of wheat fiber through enzymic modification (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTImprovement in soluble fiber content of wheat fiber through enzymic modificationYoung Nam Oh and Melvin L. GrundlegerCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1990, 38, 4, 1142–1145Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00094a050https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00094a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views164Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts