gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of a novel dopaminergic agonist that displays locational bias and functional selectively at the D 2 dopamine receptor (2015)

To identify novel ligands for the D2 dopamine receptor (D2R), we screened small molecule chemical libraries using high throughput screening. This identified a compound that selectively activates the D2R in a functionally biased manner. The chemically optimized lead compound (VU207) exhibits full agonist activity in three different D2R signaling assays: Ca2+ mobilization (Gqi5), inhibition of cAMP accumulation (Gi/o), and β-arrestin recruitment. However, VU207 fails to activate D2R-Gβγ mediated responses including GIRK channel activation and adenylyl cyclase potentiation. VU207 was also found to exhibit potent D3R antagonism with little activity at other DA receptors. Further, behavioral paradigms support that VU207 acts as a D2R agonist and a D3R antagonist in vivo. Using ex vivo brain slices, we investigated the activity of VU207 on D2Rs located on dopamine neurons. In these cells, D2Rs on the cell bodies activate GIRK channels whereas presynaptic D2Rs on the nerve terminals inhibit DA release. We found that VU207 failed to activate GIRK currents through somatodendritic D2Rs whereas it inhibited DA release via the D2Rs at the terminals. These findings suggest that VU207 exhibits a form of “location bias” acting as either an agonist or an antagonist depending on where in the cell the D2R is located.
Modeling and validation of an unbalanced LV network using Smart Meter and SCADA inputs (2013)

As new technologies such as Photovoltaics (PVs), Embedded Generators (EGs) and Electric Vehicles (EVs) penetrate Low Voltage (LV) distribution networks, the need to understand the constraints and real time system state of LV networks becomes essential for smart grid development. This paper demonstrates that, given household Smart Meter demand data combined with 66kV/22kV zone substation SCADA voltage data, it is possible to model LV networks on a per-phase basis to a high degree of accuracy in near real time. Our model is based on a real suburb in urban northern Melbourne consisting of 113 customers, and is populated with real conductor properties, route lengths and customer phase allocations to create a true unbalanced three-phase, four-wire model. Time stepped load flow simulations of the model are compared with data loggers installed on the LV network for validation, and on average simulated results differ from real measurements by less than 0.5% for phase voltages and less than 10% for phase currents. Such accuracy allows for evaluation of PV, EV and EG impact mitigation strategies and planning in reference to the Electricity Distribution Code with a strong degree of confidence. This LV model is unique as it has been validated and is the only bottom-up load model that utilizes near real time Smart Meter and SCADA inputs to analyse impacts on distribution assets on a per phase, unbalanced basis.
Probing the Active Site of Yeast Alcohol Dehydrogenase through Microscale Yeast-Mediated Reductions of Acetophenone and Acetylpyridines. A Collaborative and Research-Based Advanced Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory Project (2000)

A collaborative and research-oriented advanced bioorganic chemistry project that probed the structure and reactivity relationship of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase (YADH) is reported. The project involved microscale and stereoselective reductions of acetophenone and 2-, 3-, and 4-acetylpyridines by yeast. Each pair of students was assigned two substrates to ensure duplication of each individual experiment, and the results were combined. At the end of the project, each student had to prepare a detailed report based on the entire set of results. The acetylpyridines being better substrates than acetophenone was consistent with the polar nature of the active site of YADH. The major enantiomer of the optically active secondary alcohols was (S) in all cases, and that was also consistent with the transfer of a hydride ion from NADH to the re-face of the prochiral carbonyl group. The results showed 4-acetylpyridine to be the best substrate for product formation and asymmetric induction. This observation is presumably a result of favorable hydrogen bonding interactions between the pyridyl-N atom and the hydroxy group of Tyr-140 in the substrate binding site of the enzyme.
Design and performances of a piezoelectric stick-slip nanoactuator (2002)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Brain AT1 Receptor Activates the Sympathetic Nervous System Through Toll-like Receptor 4 in Mice With Heart Failure (2011)

The activation of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) in the brain plays a pivotal role in enhanced sympathetic drive in heart failure (HF). Activation of the AT1R in the brain produces oxidative stress and inflammation. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling in the brain induces the inflammatory cascade. We hypothesized that sympathoexcitation is mediated by the AT1R-activated TLR4 in the brainstem in HF. As a model of HF, the left coronary artery was ligated to induce a large myocardial infarction and subsequent chronic heart failure (CHF) in Institute of Cancer Research mice. On day 10 after the surgery, we started intracerebroventricular infusion of losartan (CHF-Los) or vehicle (CHF-Veh) via osmotic minipumps for 14 days. Expression level of the TLR4 in the brainstem was significantly higher in HF mice than in sham mice and significantly lower in CHF-Los mice than in CHF-Veh mice. Urinary norepinephrine excretion was significantly higher in HF mice than in sham mice and was significantly lower in CHF-Los than in CHF-Veh. Chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of angiotensin II increased the expression level of the second messenger of the TLR4. These results suggest that activation of the TLR4 via AT1R in the brainstem contributes to the sympathoexcitation probably due to the inflammation in the brain of the myocardial infarction-induced HF.
"Cool low power" 1 GHz multi-port register file and dynamic latch in 1.8 V, 0.25 /spl mu/m SOI and bulk technology (2000)

This paper describes power analysis at sub-zero temperatures for a high performance dynamic multiport register file (6 Read and 2 Write ports, 32 wordlines/spl times/64 bitlines) fabricated in 0.25 /spl mu/m Silicon on Insulator (SOI) and bulk technologies. Based on the hardware it is shown that the performance of both register file and latch improves by 2-3.5% per 10/spl deg/C reduction in temperature. The standby power for SOI reduces by 1.5% to 3% per 10/spl deg/C temperature drop down to -30/spl deg/C. The SOI chip is shown to have more significant performance improvement at low temperatures compared to bulk chip due to the floating body effect which partially offsets the increase in the threshold voltages (Vt). The low temperature performance gain is attributed to reduction in capacitance (around 7-8%) and rest is due to dynamic threshold voltages. At -30/spl deg/C the register file is capable of functioning close to 1.02 GHz for read and write operations in a single cycle.
Minocycline-Induced Hyperpigmentation in Multibacillary Leprosy (2012)

Minocycline has been used in the treatment of leprosy since the demonstration of its efficacy in inhibiting Mycobacterium leprae growth in 1987. Hyperpigmentation, a well-documented adverse effect, classically shows 3 clinical and histological patterns: type I consists of blue-black pigmentation in areas of current or previous inflammation, type II consists of blue-gray pigmentation of normal skin, often seen on the legs, and type III consists of diffuse muddy-brown pigmentation accentuated on sun-exposed sites. Whereas type I hyperpigmentation stains positively for hemosiderin and type III hyperpigmentation stains positively for melanin, type II hyperpigmentation stains positively for both. We describe 2 patients with leprosy on minocycline therapy who developed multiple patches of blue-gray pigmentation within preexisting leprosy lesions. Biopsies from both patients demonstrated deposition of brownish-black pigment granules within the cytoplasm of foamy histiocytes that was highlighted by both Perls and Fontana-Masson stains. Given the clinical and histological findings in our patients, it is as yet unclear whether this coexistent type I clinical pattern and type II histopathologic pattern of pigmentation is unique to multibacillary leprosy. These findings provide support for the existence of additional subtypes of minocycline-induced hyperpigmentation that do not adhere to the classic 3-type model described.
SiMoNa: A Proof-of-concept Domain-Specific Modeling Language for IoT Infographics (2019)

The Internet of Things (IoT)is a prominent concept in academic and technology business discourse in recent times reflecting a wider trend to connect physical objects to the Internet and to each other. This idea of connect things started in the beginning of the 2008 through RFID. But after the open hardware initiatives (as Arduino), it gained more visibility and access to experiments with sensors in the environment. The IoT is already generating an unprecedented volume of data in greater varieties and higher velocities. Making sense of such data is an emerging and significant challenge. Infographics are visual representations that provide a visual space for end users to compare and analyze data, information, and knowledge in a more efficient form than traditional forms. The nature of IoT requires a continuum modification in how end users see information to achieve such efficiency gains. Conceptualizing and implementing infographics in an IoT system can thus require significant planning and development for both data scientists, graphic designers and developers resulting in both costs in terms of time and effort. To address this problem, this paper presents SiMoNa, a domain-specific modeling language (DSML) to create, connect, interact, and build interactive infographic presentations for IoT systems efficiently based on the model-driven development (MDD) paradigm. The language and approach are validated using real-world use cases.
Shortened Engineered Human Antibody CH2 Domains (2011)

The immunoglobulin (Ig) constant CH2 domain is critical for antibody effector functions. Isolated CH2 domains are promising scaffolds for construction of libraries containing diverse binders that could also confer some effector functions. We have shown previously that an isolated human CH2 domain is relatively unstable to thermally induced unfolding, but its stability can be improved by engineering an additional disulfide bond (Gong, R., Vu, B. K., Feng, Y., Prieto, D. A., Dyba, M. A., Walsh, J. D., Prabakaran, P., Veenstra, T. D., Tarasov, S. G., Ishima, R., and Dimitrov, D. S. (2009) J. Biol. Chem. 284, 14203-14210). We have hypothesized that the stability of this engineered antibody domain could be further increased by removing unstructured residues. To test our hypothesis, we removed the seven N-terminal residues that are in a random coil as suggested by our analysis of the isolated CH2 crystal structure and NMR data. The resulting shortened engineered CH2 (m01s) was highly soluble, monomeric, and remarkably stable, with a melting temperature (T(m)) of 82.6 °C, which is about 10 and 30 °C higher than those of the original stabilized CH2 (m01) and CH2, respectively. m01s and m01 were more resistant to protease digestion than CH2. A newly identified anti-CH2 antibody that recognizes a conformational epitope bound to m01s significantly better (>10-fold higher affinity) than to CH2 and slightly better than to m01. m01s bound to a recombinant soluble human neonatal Fc receptor at pH 6.0 more strongly than CH2. These data suggest that shortening the m01 N terminus significantly increases stability without disrupting its conformation and that our approach for increasing stability and decreasing size by removing unstructured regions may also apply to other proteins.
High‐efficiency 350 nm‐band quaternary InAlGaN‐based UV‐LED on GaN/sapphire template (2005)

We have demonstrated high-efficiency ultraviolet (UV) light-emitting diode (LED) with emission wavelength at 349 nm using quaternary InAlGaN multiple-quantum-well (MQW) fabricated on a GaN/sapphire template. The threading dislocation density of the GaN/sapphire template was approximately 1 × 109 cm–2. The maximum UV output power obtained was as high as 4.1 mW with an injection current of 160 mA under room temperature (RT) CW operation. The maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) was 1.02% with an injection current of 60 mA, which is higher than the EQE obtained for a 350 nm-band AlGaN-based QW LED fabricated on GaN substrate. From these result, we confirmed the advantage of the use of quaternary InAlGaN for 350 nm-band UV emitters in comparison with the use of AlGaN. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Real-Time Grasp Planning for Multi-Fingered Hands by Finger Splitting (2018)

Grasp planning for multi-fingered hands is computationally expensive due to the joint-contact coupling, surface nonlinearities and high dimensionality, thus is generally not affordable for real-time implementations. Traditional planning methods by optimization, sampling or learning work well in planning for parallel grippers but remain challenging for multi-fingered hands. This paper proposes a strategy called finger splitting, to plan precision grasps for multi-fingered hands starting from optimal parallel grasps. The finger splitting is optimized by a dual-stage iterative optimization including a contact point optimization (CPO) and a palm pose optimization (PPO), to gradually split fingers and adjust both the contact points and the palm pose. The dual-stage optimization is able to consider both the object grasp quality and hand manipulability, address the nonlinearities and coupling, and achieve efficient convergence within one second. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The simulation video is available at [1].
Patterned cracks in the buried oxide layer improve yield in device release from SOI wafers (2011)

Cracks patterned lithographically into the buried oxide (BOX) layer of silicon-on-insulator wafers were found to substantially improve yield in the release of ultrasoft silicon cantilevers. The BOX layer is useful as an etch stop and sacrificial layer in microfabrication. However, compressive stress in the BOX membrane can cause it to buckle and crack when released. These cracks can damage delicate structures in the device layer and reduce yield. Cracks were patterned into the BOX layer prior to avoid critical regions near or under devices; these patterned cracks reduced damage to devices from spontaneous cracks in the BOX layer and improved yield.
High Capacity Functionalized Protein Superabsorbents from an Agricultural Co‐Product: A Cradle‐to‐Cradle Approach (2020)

Abstract Synthesis of superabsorbent particles from nontoxic wheat gluten (WG) protein, as an industrial co‐product, is presented. A natural molecular cross‐linker named genipin (a hydrogenated glycoside) is used together with a dianhydride (ethylenediaminetetraacetic EDTAD), to enable the preparation of a material with a network structure capable of swelling up to ≈4000% in water and ≈600% in saline solution. This represents an increase in swelling by over 10 times compared to the already highly absorbing gluten reference material. The carboxylation (using EDTAD) and the cross‐linking of the protein result in a hydrogel with liquid retention capacity as high as 80% of the absorbed water remaining in the WG network on extensive centrifugation, which is higher than that of commercial fossil‐based superabsorbents. The results also show that more polar forms of the reacted genipin are more effectively grafted onto the protein, contributing to the swelling and liquid retention. Microscopy of the materials reveals extensive nanoporosity (300 nm), contributing to rapid capillarity‐driven absorption. The use of proteins from agricultural industries for the fabrication of sustainable protein superabsorbents is herein described as an emerging avenue for the development of the next generation daily‐care products with a minimal environmental impact.
Reliability of 3D NAND flash memory with a focus on read voltage calibration from a system aspect (2019)

This paper discusses the reliability challenges of 3D NAND flash memory and their impact on flash management for enterprise storage applications. Emphasis is given to the read voltage calibration and its critical role in achieving low error-rates and low latency read performance, as well as in enabling accurate block health estimation. We present experimental results that demonstrate the improvements in endurance, retention and read-disturb from different read voltage calibration schemes, and we address their requirements from a system perspective, i.e., the accuracy vs. complexity trade-off. We discuss the above aspects for state-of-the-art 3D TLC and QLC NAND flash memory.
Gas Turbine Exhaust Emissions Monitoring Using Nonintrusive Infrared Spectroscopy (1998)

Infrared (IR) spectra of the exhaust emissions from a static gas turbine engine have been studied using Fourier Transform (FT) spectroscopic techniques. Passive detection of the infrared emission from remote (range ∼ 3 m) hot exhaust gases was obtained nonintrusively using a high spectral resolution (0.25 cm−1) FTIR spectrometer. Remote gas temperatures were determined from their emission spectra using the total radiant flux method or by analysis of rotational line structure. The HITRAN database of atmospheric species was used to model the emission from gas mixtures at the relevant temperatures. The spatial distribution of molecular species across a section transverse to the exhaust plume ∼10 cm downstream of the jet pipe nozzle was studied using a tomographic reconstruction procedure. Spectra of the infrared emission from the plume were taken along a number of transverse lines of sight from the centerline of the engine outwards. A mathematical matrix inversion technique was applied to reconstruct the molecular concentrations of CO and CO2 in concentric regions about the centerline. Quantitative measurement of the molecular species concentrations determined nonintrusively were compared with results from conventional extractive sampling techniques.
Nanoparticle Simulations & Theory. (2015)

Abstract not provided.
Intermediate Fabrics: Virtual Architectures for Near-Instant FPGA Compilation (2011)

Field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) suffer from lower application design productivity than other devices, which is largely due to compilation taking hours or even days. Making FPGA compilation comparable to software compilation is critical for continued FPGA usage due to competitive technologies, such as graphics-processing units, that use languages with runtime compilation models. In this letter, we evaluate virtual reconfigurable architectures, referred to as intermediate fabrics, which enable near-instant placement and routing of applications for commercial FPGAs.
Long wavelength graded bandgap light emitting diodes fabricated using a laser annealing process (2003)

Summary form only given. Broad optical bandwidth light emitting diodes (LEDs) operating around 1.55 /spl mu/m have a host of potential applications such as sources in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems, or as diagnostic tools for WDM components such as gratings or phased array waveguides. Here we present the realisation of a ridge waveguide LED from multiple quantum well (MQW) InGaAs-InAlGaAs material where the band-edge of the material was graded laterally along the ridge to produce a broadened electro-luminescence spectrum.
Analysis of Radial Head Implant Length with Use of Contralateral Elbow Radiographs (2012)

IndicationsContraindicationsPitfalls & Challenges.
Nipple-sparing mastectomy (2020)

Skin circulation within the nipple-areola complex and the area of skin directly was similar, but significantly lower blood flow to an area of skin 2 cm below the nipple-areola complex was seen, but only when this was measured by fluorescein flowmetry. Early attempts at nipple preservation extrapolated from routine incisions for skin-sparing mastectomy. In contrast to a complete circumareolar incision with removal of the nipple-areola complex, an incision involving part of the circumference with lateral extension was often used. Nipple-sparing mastectomy was performed either through the vertical limb or the inframammary fold scar and implant-based reconstruction was carried out at the same time. Simultaneous mastopexy and nipple-sparing mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction has been reported in the literature with variable success. L. F. Schneider and colleagues describe the process for an immediate free-flap reconstruction with subsequent skin reduction 4–6 months after nipple-sparing mastectomy.
The leptospiral LipL21 and LipL41 proteins exhibit a broad spectrum of interactions with host cell components (2021)

Leptospirosis is a globally prevalent zoonotic disease, and is caused by pathogenic spirochetes from the genus <i>Leptospira</i>. LipL21 and LipL41 are lipoproteins expressed strongly on the outer membrane of pathogenic <i>Leptospira</i> spp. Many studies have shown that both proteins are interesting targets for vaccines and diagnosis. However, their role in host-pathogen interactions remains underexplored. Therefore, we evaluated the capacity of LipL21 and LipL41 to bind with glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), the cell receptors and extracellular matrix, and plasma components by ELISA. Both proteins interacted with collagen IV, laminin, E-cadherin, and elastin dose-dependently. A broad-spectrum binding to plasma components was also observed. Only LipL21 interacted with all the GAG components tested, whereas LipL41 presented a concentration-dependent binding only for chondroitin 4 sulfate. Although, both proteins have the ability to interact with fibrinogen, only LipL21 inhibited fibrin clot formation partially. Both proteins exhibited a decrease in plasminogen binding in the presence of amino caproic acid (ACA), a competitive inhibitor of lysine residues, suggesting that their binding occurs via the kringle domains of plasminogen. LipL41, but not LipL21, was able to convert plasminogen to plasmin, and recruit plasminogen from normal human serum, suggesting that the interaction of this protein with plasminogen may occur in physiological conditions. This work provides the first report demonstrating the capacity of LipL21 and LipL41 to interact with a broad range of host components, highlighting their importance in host-<i>Leptospira</i> interactions.
Effects of Medications on Physiological Measures of Auditory Function (2003)

Physiologic measures that range from evaluation of the status of the middle ear to myogenic potentials linked to vestibular stimulation are important supplements to behavioral measures of hearing. All of these measures are influenced by medications that may be used to treat symptoms or otherwise help to manage patients who present with multiple handicaps. Some of the interactions occur because of the medication's direct influence on the auditory system, whereas others stem from general depressant effects on the central nervous system. In general, responses obtained from the periphery tend to be vulnerable to cochleotoxic or vestibulotoxic agents that may influence the response before they produce a measurable hearing loss. In contrast, endogenous responses are influenced markedly by level of sedation or sleep state. The clinician employing physiologic measures must be aware of the patient's medication history to interpret properly the outcomes of physiological tests.