gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Independent Split Model Inference at Operator Network for Network Performance Estimation (2023)

In telecommunications, information delivery is per-formed over inherently distributed elements such as application servers, packet core network equipment, radio base stations, and mobile user equipment (UE). Predicting key performance indicators (KPIs) for services is important for mobile operators in preventing customer churn. In addition, it is important to achieve accurate estimations, to troubleshoot and localize faults in the end-to-end transmission by collecting data from potentially causal distributed measurement points located on the distributed delivery elements. Due to the regulations for protecting data privacy, there is an increasing interest in decentralized machine learning models including Split Learning (SL). A distributed learning technique such as parallel SL enables accurate model training jointly, but it necessitates all distributed elements to synchronize and correlate on a unique identifier such as sample id, to align the vertically distributed data samples, which causes dependency and high signaling overhead between the collaborating nodes. In this paper, we demonstrate a Translator Model that imputes the remote model parameters based on the local ones in a SL setting. This way, sample alignment overhead during model inference is addressed, and significant reduction in communication cost is achieved.
CO Responses of Sensors Based on Cerium Oxide Thick Films Prepared from Clustered Spherical Nanoparticles (2013)

Various types of CO sensors based on cerium oxide (ceria) have been reported recently. It has also been reported that the response speed of CO sensors fabricated from porous ceria thick films comprising nanoparticles is extremely high. However, the response value of such sensors is not suitably high. In this study, we investigated methods of improving the response values of CO sensors based on ceria and prepared gas sensors from core-shell ceria polymer hybrid nanoparticles. These hybrid nanoparticles have been reported to have a unique structure: The core consists of a cluster of ceria crystallites several nanometers in size. We compared the characteristics of the sensors based on thick films prepared from core-shell nanoparticles with those of sensors based on thick films prepared from conventionally used precipitated nanoparticles. The sensors prepared from the core-shell nanoparticles exhibited a resistance that was ten times greater than that of the sensors prepared from the precipitated nanoparticles. The response values of the gas sensors based on the core-shell nanoparticles also was higher than that of the sensors based on the precipitated nanoparticles. Finally, improvements in sensor response were also noticed after the addition of Au nanoparticles to the thick films used to fabricate the two types of sensors.
27-Hydroxycholesterol Is an Endogenous Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (2007)

Selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulators (SERMs) are ER ligands whose relative agonist/antagonist activities vary in a cell- and promoter-dependent manner. The molecular basis underlying this selectivity can be attributed to the ability of these ligands to induce distinct alterations in ER structure leading to differential recruitment of coactivators and corepressors. Whether SERM activity is restricted to synthetic ligands or whether molecules exist in vivo that function in an analogous manner remains unresolved. However, the recent observation that oxysterols bind ER and antagonize the actions of 17beta-estradiol (E2) on the vascular wall suggests that this class of ligands may possess SERM activity. We demonstrate here that 27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC), the most prevalent oxysterol in circulation, functions as a SERM, the efficacy of which varies when assessed on different endpoints. Importantly, 27HC positively regulates both gene transcription and cell proliferation in cellular models of breast cancer. Using combinatorial peptide phage display, we have determined that 27HC induces a unique conformational change in both ERalpha and ERbeta, distinguishing it from E2 and other SERMs. Thus, as with other ER ligands, it appears that the unique pharmacological activity of 27HC relates to its ability to impact ER structure and modulate cofactor recruitment. Cumulatively, these data indicate that 27HC is an endogenous SERM with partial agonist activity in breast cancer cells and suggest that it may influence the pathology of breast cancer. Moreover, given the product-precursor relationship between 27HC and cholesterol, our findings have implications with respect to breast cancer risk in obese/hypercholesteremic individuals.
Experimental investigation and histopathological identification of acute thermal damage in skeletal porcine muscle in relation to whole-body SAR, maximum temperature, and CEM43 °C due to RF irradiation in an MR body coil of birdcage type at 123 MHz (2015)

Both T-max and CEM43, are able to predict thermal damage in porcine muscle. However, CEM43 is the less ambiguous parameter. The reasons for the occurrence of the aforementioned damage at low local temperatures at the animals' periphery remain unclear and further investigations are needed.
Increased Population Risk ofAIP-Related Acromegaly and Gigantism in Ireland (2016)

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein (AIP) founder mutation R304<sup>*</sup> (or p.R304<sup>*</sup> ; NM_003977.3:c.910C>T, p.Arg304Ter) identified in Northern Ireland (NI) predisposes to acromegaly/gigantism; its population health impact remains unexplored. We measured R304<sup>*</sup> carrier frequency in 936 Mid Ulster, 1,000 Greater Belfast (both in NI) and 2,094 Republic of Ireland (ROI) volunteers and in 116 NI or ROI acromegaly/gigantism patients. Carrier frequencies were 0.0064 in Mid Ulster (95%CI = 0.0027-0.013; P = 0.0005 vs. ROI), 0.001 in Greater Belfast (0.00011-0.0047) and zero in ROI (0-0.0014). R304<sup>*</sup> prevalence was elevated in acromegaly/gigantism patients in NI (11/87, 12.6%, P < 0.05), but not in ROI (2/29, 6.8%) versus non-Irish patients (0-2.41%). Haploblock conservation supported a common ancestor for all the 18 identified Irish pedigrees (81 carriers, 30 affected). Time to most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) was 2550 (1,275-5,000) years. tMRCA-based simulations predicted 432 (90-5,175) current carriers, including 86 affected (18-1,035) for 20% penetrance. In conclusion, R304<sup>*</sup> is frequent in Mid Ulster, resulting in numerous acromegaly/gigantism cases. tMRCA is consistent with historical/folklore accounts of Irish giants. Forward simulations predict many undetected carriers; geographically targeted population screening improves asymptomatic carrier identification, complementing clinical testing of patients/relatives. We generated disease awareness locally, necessary for early diagnosis and improved outcomes of AIP-related disease.
Homoclinic and chaotic transitions in the rf (radio frequency) superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). Presentation paper (1989)

We consider a simple model of the flux in an rf superconducting quantum-interference device (SQUID) subjected to an external periodic magnetic field. The dynamic equation describing the flux response of the SQUID is solved analytically in the absence of damping and external driving terms. These terms are then introduced as perturbations, and the Melnikov function for the system is constructed. The transition from periodic to chaotic behavior is studied through a calculation of the Lyapunov exponents for the systems, and the dimension of the strange attracting set is calculated.
Exclusive B‐cell phenotype of primary prostatic lymphomas: a potential role of chronic prostatitis (2019)

PPLs are exclusively of B-cell origin, and chronic inflammation resulting from the proliferation of high endothelial venules could play some role in their development.
Model combination and weight selection criteria for speaker verification (2003)

We focus on the score combination for three separate modeling approaches as applied to text-dependent speaker verification. The modeling methods that are evaluated consist of the neural tree network (NTN), hidden Markov model (HMM), and dynamic time warping (DTW). One of the main challenges in combining scores of several models is how to select the weight for each model. One method is to use equal weights for all models used in the combination. Another method is to use the Fisher linear discriminant to select the weights that maximize the ratio of the separation of the inter-class means to the sum of the variances. Both methods are evaluated for three separate databases and the results are compared to the optimal performance as obtained by an exhaustive search over the weight space. Overall, both weight selection methods provide performance close to the optimal point. It is also shown that the optimal combination of three models provides lower error rates than that achievable with two models.
Online environment mapping using metric-topological maps (2021)

The paper proposes a vision based online mapping of large-scale environments. Our approach uses a hybrid representation of a fully metric Euclidean environment map and a topological map. This novel hybrid representation facilitates our scalable online hierarchical bundle adjustment approach. The proposed method achieves scalability by solving the local registration through embedding neighboring keyframes and landmarks into a Euclidean space. The global adjustment is performed on a segmentation of the keyframes and posed as the iterative optimization of the arrangement of keyframes in each segment and the arrangement of rigidly moving segments. The iterative global adjustment is performed concurrently with the local registration of the keyframes in a local map. Thus the map is always locally metric around the current location, and likely to be globally consistent. Loop closures are handled very efficiently benefiting from the topological nature of the map and overcoming the loss of the metric map properties as previous approaches. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated in real-time on various challenging video sequences.
Simulation of dynamic data replication strategies in Data Grids (2004)

Data Grids provide geographically distributed resources for large-scale data-intensive applications that generate large data sets. However, ensuring efficient access to such huge and widely distributed data is hindered by the high latencies of the Internet. We address these challenges by employing intelligent replication and caching of objects at strategic locations. In our approach, replication decisions are based on a cost-estimation model and driven by the estimation of the data access gains and the replica's creation and maintenance costs. These costs are in turn based on factors such as runtime accumulated read/write statistics, network latency, bandwidth, and replica size. To support large numbers of users who continuously change their data and processing needs, we introduce scalable replica distribution topologies that adapt replica placement to meet these needs. In this paper we present the design of our dynamic memory middleware and replication algorithm. To evaluate the performance of our approach, we developed a Data Grid simulator, called the GridNet. Simulation results demonstrate that replication improves the data access time in Data Grids, and that the gain increases with the size of the datasets involved.
Preparation and Use of Retroviral Vectors for Labeling, Imaging, and Genetically Manipulating Cells (2015)

Retroviral vectors are a powerful technology for achieving long-term genetic manipulation. This introduction provides some background on replication-deficient retroviral vectors based on Moloney murine leukemia virus and lentivirus. Details, examples, and associated protocols are provided for using these vectors to fluorescently label, genetically alter, and image both live and fixed murine brain tissue.
ENISI MSM: A novel multi-scale modeling platform for computational immunology (2014)

Biological systems span several orders of magnitude in space and time from intracellular pathways to tissue-level processes. Many studies focus on molecular level events while other studies focus on cellular level and tissue level interactions. The immune system is highly complex and dynamic, encompassing hierarchical interactions with dimensions ranging from nanometers to meters and time scales from nanoseconds to years. To comprehensively model immunological processes computationally, multi-scale models are needed. However, the lack of multi-scale modeling tools can be a deterrent to advance the understanding of the immune system across scales. In this paper, we developed an object-oriented multi-scale modeling (MSM) platform, ENISI MSM, that integrates agent-based modeling (ABM), ordinary-differential equations (ODE), and partial differential equations (PDE) models. To our best knowledge, this is the first such multi-scale modeling platform that is capable of integrating ODE, PDE, and ABM models together. The tool is developed in Java and is object-oriented. For example, the agents are objects and the ODE and PDE solvers are also objects. ENISI MSM also provides user-friendly interfaces and visualizations. We developed a multi-scale CD4+ T cell differentiation model in the context of gut inflammatory and showed the effectiveness of ENISI MSM.
Antimicrobial Resistance: A Tale of Nasty Enemies and Powerful Weapons (2020)

Have you ever had a sore throat, cough, or fever? All of us have felt badly at least once in our lives! A doctor may have helped you by prescribing antibiotics to kill the microbes responsible for the infection, thus eliminating pain, cough, and fever. Thanks to medicines like antibiotics, we can recover quickly from diseases. Unfortunately, the extraordinary power of antibiotics is threatened by a phenomenon called antimicrobial resistance. What is antimicrobial resistance and is there anything we can do to stop it? In this article, we describe antimicrobial resistance, how it may arise, and how we can help to prevent it by vaccination.
Relationship between minimum visual angle for fusion and stereopsis with and without motion in patients with esotropia. (1999)

我々は以前、動的立体視が(-)となった乳児内斜視に対して検討を行い、両眼分離度が弱いNew 4 dot test (N4D)では融像が可能であるが、両眼分離度が強いWorth 4-dot testsでは片眼抑制を示す症例が多かったことから、動的立体視の成立に感覚融像の強さが関係しているのではないかということを報告した。今回は、1997年10月から1年の間に当科を受診した周辺融像が可能な内斜視患者76名を対象として、動的立体視と静的立体視における融像が成立する視角と立体視の関係について検討をおこなった。動的立体視は、Forced choice方式を用いたDynamic random dot stereograms (FDRDS)と、Dynamic random dot stereogram (DRDS)にて、静的立体視はTitmus stereotest (circle・animal・fly)およびLang stereotest (Lang)にて測定し、融像検査はN4Dでおこなった。内斜視の種類別に最小融像視角を比較すると、最も小さい視角の視標まで融像が可能であったのは屈折性調節性内斜視で、以下、部分調節性内斜視、後天性内斜視、乳児内斜視の順に最小融像視角は大きくなった。また、各検査における立体視(+)群と(-)群の融像可能な最小視角は、各(+)群の平均が、Langを除いて、(-)群より有意に小さく、内斜視においてN4Dにて視角5.0°以内の小さい視標で融像が成立することが、動的および静的立体視を得る上で必要であることが示唆された。さらに、動的立体視(+)群と静的立体視(+)群では、動的立体視(+)群の方が静的立体視(+)群より最小融像視角が大きい傾向があるケースもあったが、有意な差は認められなかった。
Hemocompatibility of polymers for use in vascular endoluminal implants (2021)

Abstract Implanted polymers for cardiovascular applications may function as structural supports, barriers, or provide a means for local drug delivery. Several thermoplastic biodegradable drug delivery polymers are potential candidates for blood‐contacting implant applications. For intravascular applications specifically, a criterion for material selection is the intrinsic hemocompatibility of the baseline polymer. As an initial screening approach for selection of polymers for in vivo use, thin films of polyesters: poly(ɛ‐caprolactone) (PCL), poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA); polyanhydrides: poly(fatty acid dimer‐co‐sebacic acid) (PFAD:SA) and poly(biscarboxyphenoxypropane‐co‐sebacic acid) (PCPP:SA); and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)‐ylated polyesters: PLA:PEG, PCL:PEG and PCL:PLA:PEG polymers were spin‐cast on glass cover slips and placed in an in vitro flow system exposing them at a controlled shear to overflowing human whole blood. Platelet adherence, aggregate formation, and thrombus formation, as well as leukocyte adherence were assessed following 5 min of flow. At 5 min of flow the rank order of materials, in terms of least to most thrombogenic was: PCL &lt; PFAD:SA &lt; PCPP:SA &lt; PLGA &lt; PLA. All PEGylated materials, in general, had less thrombus formation than baseline unmodified materials.
Single‐stranded DNA binding protein from calf thymus (1992)

A binding protein for single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) was purified from calf thymus to near homogeneity by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, blue-Sepharose, ssDNA-cellulose and FPLC Mono Q. The most purified fraction consisted of four polypeptides with molecular masses of 70, 55, 30, and 11 kDa. The polypeptide with the molecular mass of 55 kDa is most likely a degraded form of the largest polypeptide. The complex migrated as a whole on both glycerol gradient ultracentrifugation (s = 5.1 S) and gel filtration (Stokes' radius approximately 5.1 nm). Combining these data indicates a native molecular mass of about 110 kDa, which is in accord with a 1:1:1 stoichiometry for the 70 + 55/30/11-kDa complex. The ssDNA binding protein (SSB) covered approximately 20-25 nucleotides on M13mp8 ssDNA, as revealed from both band shift experiments and DNase I digestion studies. The homologous DNA-polymerase-alpha-primase complex was stimulated by the ssDNA binding protein 1.2-fold on poly(dA).(dT)14 and 10-13-fold on singly primed M13mp8 DNA. Stimulation was mainly due to facilitated DNA synthesis through stable secondary structures, as demonstrated by the vanishing of many, but not all, pausing sites. Processivity of polymerase-primase was not affected on poly(dA).(dT)14; with poly(dT).(rA)10 an approximately twofold increase in product lengths was observed when SSB was present. The increase was attributed to a facilitated rebinding of polymerase alpha to an already finished DNA fragment rather than to an enhancement of the intrinsic processivity of the polymerase. Similarly, products 300-600 nucleotides long were formed on singly primed M13 DNA in the presence of SSB, in contrast to 20-120 nucleotides when SSB was absent. DNA-primase-initiated DNA replication on M13 DNA was inhibited by SSB in a concentration-dependent manner. However, with less sites available to begin with RNA priming, more homogeneous products were formed.
Cover Picture: Guided Growth of Large‐Scale, Horizontally Aligned Arrays of Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Their Use in Thin‐Film Transistors (Small 11/2005) (2005)

The cover picture illustrates a self‐aligned array of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) formed by chemical vapor deposition on a miscut single‐crystal quartz wafer. The background picture schematically illustrates aligned SWNTs on the quartz crystal surface. The top right image shows a scanning electron microscopy image of a dense array of aligned SWNTs. The top left image shows source and drain electrodes of a type of thin‐film transistor that uses an aligned array of SWNTs as the semiconducting material. For more information, please read the Full Paper “Guided Growth of Large‐Scale, Horizontally Aligned Arrays of Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Their Use in Thin‐Film Transistors” by J. A. Rogers and co‐workers on page 1110 ff.
<title>Ion implantation: an efficient method for doping or fabricating channel chalcogenide glass waveguides</title> (1998)

In this paper we present two different applications of ion implantation in chalcogenide glasses: rare earth doping and channel waveguide fabrication. The luminescence of a neodymium-implanted arsenic tri-sulfide waveguide at 1083 nm is reported. The most efficient pump wavelength is determined to be 818 nm. The dopant distribution following ion implantation is predicted by molecular dynamic simulation and measured by Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry. This observation of luminescence from rare- earth ion implantation into chalcogenide glass suggest that this technique can be useful for rare-earth doped devices. A study of neodymium luminescence peak power as a function of dopant concentration is reported. The second application of ion implantation is in the fabrication of channel waveguides by helium implantation.
Performance analysis of a moving boundary/fixed frame integrated voice/data multiplexing technique with correlated sources (2003)

The data queuing performance is analyzed for a fixed-frame-size, integrated voice-data multiplexer (IVDM), where voice has preemptive priority over data, a maximum capacity is available for voice (above which voice freeze-outs occur), and data is queued when there is insufficient capacity. A discrete-state-continuous-time Markov model is used to model a discrete-state-discrete-time IVDM when the average source burst duration is significantly larger than the multiplexer frame time. The correlation of the voice and data source activity is shown to have a significant effect on IVDM data queuing performance. An approximate, simple analytical model for the mean data queue length is derived. The approximate analytical model for mean data queue length is shown to provide a lower bound for exact calculations and simulation results. The concept of maximizing queuing power (throughput/delay) is applied to the data performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Accumulators with Applications to Anonymity-Preserving Revocation (2017)

Membership revocation is essential for cryptographic applications, from traditional PKIs to group signatures and anonymous credentials. Of the various solutions for the revocation problem that have been explored, dynamic accumulators are one of the most promising. We propose Braavos, a new, RSA-based, dynamic accumulator. It has optimal communication complexity and, when combined with efficient zero-knowledge proofs, provides an ideal solution for anonymous revocation. For the construction of Braavos we use a modular approach: we show how to build an accumulator with better functionality and security from accumulators with fewer features and weaker security guarantees. We then describe an anonymous revocation component (ARC) that can be instantiated using any dynamic accumulator. ARC can be added to any anonymous system, such as anonymous credentials or group signatures, in order to equip it with a revocation functionality. Finally, we implement ARC with Braavos and plug it into Idemix, the leading implementation of anonymous credentials. This work resolves, for the first time, the problem of practical revocation for anonymous credential systems.