gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DOP56 Ustekinumab maintained clinically meaningful improvement in health-related quality of life in patients with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis: Results from the UNIFI long-term extension (2020)

Abstract Background The UNIFI maintenance study evaluated the safety and efficacy of subcutaneous (SC) ustekinumab (UST) in patients with moderately–severely active UC who had responded to IV UST induction. Previously, we reported that health-related quality of life (HRQoL) improvements achieved after UST induction were maintained through Week 44 with UST maintenance. Here, we evaluated HRQoL through Week 92 in patients who continued UST maintenance in the long-term extension (LTE). Methods Patients who completed the maintenance study were eligible to continue their maintenance treatment regimen (placebo [PBO], UST90mg q12w, or UST90mg q8w) in the LTE if the investigator thought they could benefit from continued treatment. PBO patients discontinued from the LTE after the maintenance study was unblinded. Per investigator discretion, patients could receive a single dose adjustment (UST q12w to q8w or UST q8w to q8w [sham dose adjustment]) starting at Week 56. The Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) is a 32-item questionnaire with a total score ranging from 32 to 224. Higher scores indicate better HRQoL, a score ≥170 indicates remission, and a change ≥16 was defined as clinically meaningful. General health was assessed using SF-36. A change ≥5 points in physical and mental component scores was defined as clinically meaningful. In this analysis, patients who dose adjusted were considered treatment failures. Results Most patients who received UST in the LTE maintained the improvements in IBDQ and SF-36 that were achieved after induction (Tables 1 and 2) through Week 92. Overall, 158 of 284 patients (55.6%) who received UST were in IBDQ remission at Week 92, and 114 of 169 patients (67.5%) who were in IBDQ remission at maintenance baseline were in IBDQ remission at Week 92. Of the 284 patients, 179 (63.0%) achieved a ≥16-point improvement in IBDQ score from induction baseline to Week 92. Of 250 patients who achieved a ≥16-point improvement from induction baseline to maintenance baseline, 154(61.6%) maintained a ≥16-point improvement at both Weeks 44 and 92. For SF-36, 142 of 284 patients (50.0%) had a ≥5-point improvement from induction baseline to Week 92 in the physical component score, while 128 of 284 (45.1%) had a ≥5-point improvement in the mental component score. Conclusion The majority of patients who were treated with UST in the LTE generally maintained improvements in IBDQ and SF-36 scores that were achieved after IV induction.
A physical insight into variation aware minimum V DD for deep subthreshold operation of FinFET (2021)

Abstract Several ultra-low power applications, that do not require high performance, can benefit from operation at the lowest possible supply voltage. Scaling of supply voltage is an effective method to reduce the energy consumption in digital circuits. The fundamental limit for supply voltage has been established as 36 mV for planar complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) circuits based on Shannon’s channel capacity theorem. Owing to its near ideal sub-threshold characteristics, fin field effect transistor (FinFET) devices are a better fit for ultra-low voltage applications than planar devices. In this work, the fundamental limit on supply voltage for FinFET based logic circuits has been established for the first time. This theoretical limit is found to be significantly lower than the limit for planar CMOS circuits. The effect of variation of temperature and device design parameters on this fundamental limit is also explored. The analysis is extended to other logic gates such as NAND gate. Since the operation of a FinFET device in the ultra-low voltage domain is quite different from its planar counterpart, a novel physics based, semi-empirical current equation valid for supply voltage below 100 mV has been proposed for a FinFET device to calculate this fundamental limit. Such a current model is of great importance to a circuit designer because of the ease it offers for the back of the envelope calculations. The logic gates operating in this regime are then analyzed using this proposed model.
‘Lamp-posts and high-volted fruits’: Scientific Discourse in the Work of Dylan Thomas (2019)

Dylan Thomas is generally regarded as a poet purely of the organic and vitalistic. However, his extensive recourse to an imagery of blood and soil, stars and flesh, seems to escape the atavistic and reactionary tenor we might expect, and which is found in contemporaries who share his mythopoeic, biological concerns. Yet it is not immediately clear how it does so. Historical context clearly plays a role – a generational repugnance for Nazi racial ideology – as does allegiance to the Joycean ‘revolution of the word’, which works against establishing a stable self in language. However, less well understood is the role in Thomas’s distinctive ‘process’ vision played by scientific discourses – the new physics, Darwinism and Freudianism – which, if they could endorse an organicist, even primitivist vision, could also profoundly relativise it. Part of this chapter’s purpose, then, is to trace the general influence of science on Thomas via popularizing works by cosmologists such as Alfred North Whitehead, James Jeans and Arthur Eddington, and contemporary discourses concerning gland surgery and hormone synthesis.
ChemInform Abstract: (CdSe)ZnS Core—Shell Quantum Dots: Synthesis and Characterization of a Size Series of Highly Luminescent Nanocrystallites. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Investigation of AerMet100 segregation behavior during casting and homogenization by quantitative electron microscopy and thermodynamic/kinetic modeling (1996)

Dendritic segregation of alloying elements during solidification results in non-uniform chemical and mechanical properties of steels. Homogenization can reduce the composition imbalances and restore uniformnity of mechanical properties. AerMet100 is a high alloy steel produced in wrought forms by Carpenter Technology, Inc. for applications requiring a combination of high strength, high fracture toughness, and resistance to stress corrosion cracking. The nominal composition is (wt%) 13.4% Co, 11.1% Ni, 3.1% Cr, 1.2% Mo, 0.23% C, and the balance Fe. Recent studies of cast and homogenized AerMet100 have demonstrated the mechanical properties approaching the high levels of wrought AerMet100. Optimization of a homogenization treatment for elimination of the microsegregation developed during solidification was completed using thermodynamic/kinetic modeling and quantitative energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) in scanning electron microscopy. The as-cast alloy has the classic fern-like dendritic structure shown in Figure 1. The primary dendrite arm spacing was 150-400 μm and the secondary arm spacing was 70-110μm.
Supplementary Data 4 from SLFN5 Regulates LAT1-Mediated mTOR Activation in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2023)

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A study on an efficient prediction of welding deformation for T-joint laser welding of sandwich panel PART I : Proposal of a heat source model (2013)

The use of I-Core sandwich panel has increased in cruise ship deck structure since it can provide similar bending strength with conventional stiffened plate while keeping lighter weight and lower web height. However, due to its thin plate thickness, i.e. about 4~6 mm at most, it is assembled by high power CO2 laser welding to minimize the welding deformation. This research proposes a volumetric heat source model for T-joint of the I-Core sandwich panel and a method to use shell element model for a thermal elasto-plastic analysis to predict welding deformation. This paper, Part I, focuses on the heat source model. A circular cone type heat source model is newly suggested in heat transfer analysis to realize similar melting zone with that observed in experiment. An additional suggestion is made to consider negative defocus, which is commonly applied in T-joint laser welding since it can provide deeper penetration than zero defocus. The proposed heat source is also verified through 3D thermal elasto-plastic analysis to compare welding deformation with experimental results. A parametric study for different welding speeds, defocus values, and welding powers is performed to investigate the effect on the melting zone and welding deformation. In Part II, focuses on the proposed method to employ shell element model to predict welding deformation in thermal elasto-plastic analysis instead of solid element model.
Polymerization-based signal amplification for paper-based immunoassays (2014)

Diagnostic tests in resource-limited settings require technologies that are affordable and easy to use with minimal infrastructure. Colorimetric detection methods that produce results that are readable by eye, without reliance on specialized and expensive equipment, have great utility in these settings. We report a colorimetric method that integrates a paper-based immunoassay with a rapid, visible-light-induced polymerization to provide high visual contrast between a positive and a negative result. Using Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 as an example, we demonstrate that this method allows visual detection of proteins in complex matrices such as human serum and provides quantitative information regarding analyte levels when combined with cellphone-based imaging. It also allows the user to decouple the capture of analyte from signal amplification and visualization steps.
Experimental Analysis of LoRa Transmission Parameters (2022)

Cyber Physical Systems that pave the way to Industry 4.0 can often be looked upon as the combination of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence. IoT applications use wireless protocols such as LTE-M, NB-IoT, WiFi, BLE, LoRa, and Zigbee. LoRa-based protocols are becoming the default standard for applications that demand low data rates, long-range, and long battery life. LoRa has mainly four transmission parameters, namely, Spreading Factor (SF), Transmission Power (TP), Bandwidth (BW), and Coding Rate (CR). There are 12480 possible sets of these parameters in the latest LoRa-based System on Chip. This paper analyzes the effect of the LoRa transmission parameters in different environments and attempts to develop or map mathematical models. Path loss for Line of Sight is found to be around 2.47, and for Non-Line of Sight indoor Multi Wall Floor, it is around 9.94. These results and observations are expected to help in network planning and optimization.
Utility and Cost-Effectiveness of Preoperative Autologous Blood Donation in Gynecologic and Gynecologic Oncology Patients (2002)

Horowitz, Neil S.; Gibb, Randall K.; Menegakis, Nicole E.; Mutch, David G.; Rader, Janet S.; Herzog, Thomas J.
Flow structure underneath the large amplitude waves of a vertically falling film (2008)

Abstract Numerical solutions of the two‐dimensional Navier‐Stokes equations for vertically falling films show that when the wave amplitude exceeds a certain magnitude, two hyperbolic points on the wall and an elliptic point in the film are generated below the minimum of the wave and travel at the wave velocity. The shear stress along the wall between the hyperbolic points becomes negative and the instantaneous flow field in the film shows roll formation with flow reversal near the wall region. As the wave amplitude increases further, these rolls expand to the free surface dividing the film into regions of up and down flows. For high Kapitza number fluids such as water, multiple regions of up‐flow and negative wall shear stress exist with their width oscillating in time. The flow field is interpreted in both stationary and moving frames of reference and in explaining transport enhancements at the wall and free surface. © 2008 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2008
Spectral overlay of direct-sequence spread spectrum in the instrument landing system glidescope band for airborne Internet (2003)

We examine the effects of intentional spectral overlay between a direct-sequence spread spectrum (DS-SS) code-division multiple-access (CDMA) system and the glide scope signal of the Instrument Landing System (ILS) currently employed by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The purpose of the overlay system is to enable increased spectral efficiency (higher data throughput), for future potential aeronautical datalink communications, e.g., an "airborne Internet." That is, this overlay would enable simultaneous use of the ILS band by the current glide slope systems and a new DS-SS CDMA digital communication system. We estimate the performance degradation incurred by both systems for a range of transmit powers, DS-SS bandwidths and data rates, and typical ILS and CDMA system parameters. Our study uses both analysis and computer simulations. The use of the CDMA system as a possible air-to-air (GA) data link is examined, and we provide examples that explore both ILS and CDMA system parameter values appropriate for the successful application of the overlay technique.
Ultra-low-power parametric frequency conversion of high data rates on-chip (2008)

We demonstrate ultra-low-power parametric frequency conversion of 5-Gbit/s data in a silicon photonic structure via microcavity-enhanced four-wave mixing. Our modeling predicts high conversion efficiency up to 0-dB is possible through GVD-engineering and free-carrier lifetime reduction.
<title>Multiscale SAR image segmentation using wavelet-domain hidden Markov tree models</title> (2000)

We study the segmentation of SAR imagery using wavelet-domain Hidden Markov Tree (HMT) models. The HMT model is a tree- structured probabilistic graph that captures the statistical properties of the wavelet transforms of images. This technique has been successfully applied to the segmentation of natural texture images, documents, etc. However, SAR image segmentation poses a difficult challenge owing to the high levels of speckle noise present at fine scales. We solve this problem using a 'truncated' wavelet HMT model specially adapted to SAR images. This variation is built using only the coarse scale wavelet coefficients. When applied to SAR images, this technique provides a reliable initial segmentation. We then refine the classification using a multiscale fusion technique, which combines the classification information across scales from the initial segmentation to correct for misclassifications. We provide a fast algorithm, and demonstrate its performance on MSTAR clutter data.
Modeling of Multimodal Scattering by Conducting Bodies in Quantum Optics: The Method of Characteristic Modes (2022)

We propose a numerical technique for modeling quantum multimodal light scattering by a perfectly conducting body. Using the special quantization technique, we develop the quantum adaptation of the characteristic mode approach widely used in classical electrodynamics. The method is universal with respect to the body's configuration, as well as its dimensions relative to the wavelength. Using this method and calculating the first- and second-order field correlation functions, we demonstrate how scattering affects quantum-statistical features of the field. As an example, we consider the scattering of two single-photon incident Gaussian beams on a cylinder with a circular cross section. We show that the scattering is accompanied by two-photon interference and demonstrates the Hong-Ou-Mandel effect. It is shown that the scattered two-photon field and its correlations manifest directive propagation, which is controllable by various means (angles of incidence, configuration of the body, relations between its dimensions and the wavelength). We expect that this method will be useful for designing quantum-optical devices.
Growth dominated crystallization of GeTe mushroom cells during partial SET operation (2023)

Phase change memory devices are a leading candidate for non-volatile memory arrays, as artificial synapses in neuromorphic circuits, and for in-memory computing. These applications are hampered by a large cycle-to-cycle variation of resistance that is likely associated with the crystallization mechanism of phase change materials. This work presents a direct observation by transmission electron microscopy of the crystallization process during the SET operation of the GeTe 100 nm mushroom cell. The process proceeded purely by growth from the periphery of the amorphous dome without nucleation. It is invariably associated with partial melting of the GeTe layer. The growth-dominated SET operation can completely crystallize the GeTe functional layer only by a gradual sweep down of the voltage across the device. The experimental results were correlated with a finite element model of heat and charge flow and the crystallization dynamics.
Assessing EMI noise due to the marine environment to enhance underwater UXO detection and discrimination (2010)

We assess the noise level caused by marine environments in underwater UXO discrimination studies. Underwater UXO detection and discrimination is subject to additional noise sources, which are not present in land-based scenarios. Particularly, we study the effects of water surface roughness on the diffusion of EMI (electromagnetic induction) fields through the air-water interface and the interaction effects between an underwater conducting object and its surrounding conductive medium. Numerical simulations are conducted using the 3-dimensional setup of the Method of Auxiliary Sources suitable for low-frequency regime. Water surface roughness is modeled as an interference pattern between a finite number of surface waves with varying amplitudes, wavelengths and propagation directions. The results indicate that the perturbations in diffused and scattered EMI fields due to water surface roughness are negligible (although they depend on the shape of water surface) and that these perturbations decay with distance from the interface. Thus, the conducting water body may be assumed to represent a half-space in subsequent calculations for UXO detection. Finally, it is shown that there is some interaction between a conducting object and its surrounding conductive environment for frequencies above 100 kHz. This interaction is attenuated if the object is surrounded by an insulating shell, but is amplified if the shell is conducting. This non-negligible effect needs to be taken into account for the purposes of UXO detection and discrimination.
Laparoscopic pyelolithotomy in a pelvic kidney: a case report and review of the literature. (1999)

For patients with a large stone in the renal pelvis of an ectopic kidney, laparoscopic pyelolithotomy provides an effective approach.
Repurposing Salicylamide for Combating Multidrug-Resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae (2019)

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) lists <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> as one of the most urgent antibiotic-resistant threats in the United States. This is due to the emergence of clinical isolates that have developed resistance to nearly every antibiotic used to treat gonorrhea and highlights the critical need to find new therapeutics. The present study discovered salicylamide, an analgesic and antipyretic drug, has antibacterial activity against 40 different antibiotic-resistant strains of <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> (MIC 8-32 μg/ml) with low frequency of resistance <2.4x10<sup>-9</sup> Interestingly, salicylamide did not inhibit growth of bacterial species in the vaginal microflora involved in defense against gonococcal infections, such as <i>Lactobacillus gasseri, L. jensenii, L. johnsonii,</i> and <i>L. crispatus</i> A time-kill assay revealed that salicylamide is a rapidly bactericidal drug as it eradicated a high inoculum of <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> within 10 hours. Salicylamide was superior to the drug of choice, ceftriaxone, in reducing the burden of intracellular <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> by 97% in infected endocervical cells. Furthermore, salicylamide outperformed ceftriaxone in reducing expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8 from endocervical cells infected with <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> A checkerboard assay revealed that salicylamide exhibited a synergistic interaction with tetracycline and an additive relationship with azithromycin and ciprofloxacin, and ceftriaxone. A more in-depth investigation of the structure-activity-relationship of derivatives of salicylamide revealed the amide and hydroxyl groups are important for anti-gonorrheal activity. In conclusion, this study identified salicylamide as a promising candidate for further investigation as a novel treatment option for multidrug-resistant gonorrhea.
How many 5S rRNA genes and pseudogenes are there in Aspergillus nidulans? (1994)

We have estimated the number of 5S rRNA genes in Aspergillus nidulans using two-dimensional agarose gel electrophoresis and hybridization to appropriate probes, representing the 5'-halves, the 3'-halves of the 5S rRNA sequence and a sequence found at the 3'-end of all known A. nidulans pseudogenes (block C). We have found 23 5S rRNA genes, 15 pseudogenes consisting of the 5'-half of the 5S rRNA sequence (of which 3 are flanked by block C) and 12 copies of block C which do not seem to be in the vicinity of 5S rRNA sequences. This number of genes is much lower than our earlier estimates, and makes our previously analyzed sample of 9 sequenced genes and 3 pseudogenes much more representative.
Innovative Multiphase Nanoparticle Composites Developed Using Electrophoresis And Electromigration (2008)

Abstract : Electrokinetic material fabrication techniques such as electrophoresis, electro-osmosis or ion transport, have been useful in constructing layered composites on electrically conductive substrates. These techniques have been widely used in producing, consolidating or cementing nano-particulate phases in uniform layers. Research is being undertaken on using these electrodeposition techniques to produce fine scale changes laterally across a surface. The goal is to develop approaches to creating novel composite surface that can have unique chemical and physical properties that cannot be obtained using conventional layered construction techniques.
Design, immunogenicity, and efficacy of a pan-sarbecovirus dendritic-cell targeting vaccine (2022)

This work was supported by INSERM and the Investissements d'Avenir program, Vaccine Research Institute (VRI), managed by the ANR and the CARE project funded from the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking (JU).