gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inverted Solution-Processed Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Devices with Wide Band Gap Quantum Dot Interlayers (2023)

Despite its benefits for facilitating device fabrication, utilization of a polymeric hole transport layer (HTL) in inverted quantum dots (QDs) light-emitting devices (IQLEDs) often leads to poor device performance. In this work, we find that the poor performance arises primarily from electron leakage, inefficient charge injection, and significant exciton quenching at the HTL interface in the inverted architecture and not due to solvent damage effects as is widely believed. We also find that using a layer of wider band gap QDs as an interlayer (IL) in between the HTL and the main QDs' emission material layer (EML) can facilitate hole injection, suppress electron leakage, and reduce exciton quenching, effectively mitigating the poor interface effects and resulting in high electroluminescence performance. Using an IL in IQLEDs with a solution-processed poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-<i>alt</i>-<i>N</i>-(4-sec-butylphenyl)-diphenylamine) (TFB), HTL improves the efficiency by 2.85× (from 3 to 8.56%) and prolongs the lifetime by 9.4× (from 1266 to 11,950 h at 100 cd/m<sup>2</sup>), which, to the best of our knowledge, is the longest lifetime for an R-IQLED with a solution-coated HTL. Measurements on single-carrier devices reveal that while electron injection becomes easier as the band gap of the QDs decreases, hole injection surprisingly becomes more difficult, indicating that EMLs of QLEDs are more electron-rich in the case of red devices and more hole-rich in the case of blue devices. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy measurements verify that blue QDs have a shallower valence band energy than their red counterparts, corroborating these conclusions. The findings in this work, therefore, provide not only a simple approach for achieving high performance in IQLEDs with solution-coated HTLs but also novel insights into charge injection and its dependence on QDs' band gap as well as into different HTL interface properties of the inverted versus upright architecture.
Exploration of molecular genetic etiology for Korean cochlear implantees with severe to profound hearing loss and its implication (2014)

Despite that the majority of severe or more degree of SNHL occurs sporadically in Koreans, at least 54.8% of such cases that were willing to join the genetic study in the Korean population are monogenic Mendelian disorders with convincing causative variants. This study also indicates that a substantial portion of unsolved cases after applying our current protocol are predicted to have non-genetic or complex etiology rather than a Mendelian genetic disorder involving new genes beyond the 204 target genes.
Predicting Onset of Dementia Using Clinical Notes and Machine Learning: Case-Control Study (2020)

Although clinical notes helped in the short term, the presence of ADRD symptomatic terms years earlier than onset adds evidence to other studies that clinicians undercode diagnoses of ADRD. De-identified clinical notes increase the accuracy of risk models. Clinical notes collected across multiple hospital systems via natural language processing can be merged using postprocessing techniques to aid model accuracy.
I-V characteristic of a single intrinsic tunnel junction on Bi-2223 thin film (1999)

We report the successful fabrication of a single intrinsic Josephson junction on a (Bi,Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O thin film and investigate the current-voltage characteristics. Mesa structures are fabricated on the smooth surface of a high-quality thin film. The current-voltage characteristic along the c-axis shows a large distinct hysteresis and the superconducting gap edge structure. The estimated gap is about 75 mV at 4.2 K and is comparable with results of scanning tunneling spectroscopy. The obtained current-voltage curve is explained quite well by assuming d-wave symmetry for the superconducting order parameter neglecting nonequilibrium effects. We have observed voltage steps in the current-voltage characteristic induced by microwave irradiation. The voltage step shifts to higher voltages with increasing irradiation power. It is proposed that this behaviour is caused by fluxon motion.
Meta-Analysis of 1,200 Transcriptomic Profiles Identifies a Prognostic Model for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (2019)

PCOSP could improve treatment decisions by identifying patients who will not benefit from standard surgery/chemotherapy but who may benefit from a more aggressive treatment approach or enrollment in a clinical trial.
Physics-guided neural networks for inversion-based feedforward control applied to hybrid stepper motors (2023)

Rotary motors, such as hybrid stepper motors (HSMs), are widely used in industries varying from printing applications to robotics. The increasing need for productivity and efficiency without increasing the manufacturing costs calls for innovative control design. Feedforward control is typically used in tracking control problems, where the desired reference is known in advance. In most applications, this is the case for HSMs, which need to track a periodic angular velocity and angular position reference. Performance achieved by feedforward control is limited by the accuracy of the available model describing the inverse system dynamics. In this work, we develop a physics-guided neural network (PGNN) feedforward controller for HSMs, which can learn the effect of parasitic forces from data and compensate for it, resulting in improved accuracy. Indeed, experimental results on an HSM used in printing industry show that the PGNN outperforms conventional benchmarks in terms of the mean-absolute tracking error.
Sustained Release of Drugs Dispersed in Polymer Nanoparticles (2008)

Überkritisches Kohlendioxid als Antisolvens ermöglichte die Synthese von Nanopartikeln aus dem bioabbaubaren Polymer Polymilchsäure (PLA), in denen das Therapeutikum Luciferin dispergiert ist. Diese Nanopartikel setzen den Wirkstoff langsam und kontinuierlich frei, was in vitro wie in vivo anhand der Biolumineszenz verfolgt werden kann (siehe Bild; ATP= Adenosintriphosphat, ADP= Adenosindiphosphat, Pi=anorganisches Phosphat).
Interconnection assessment methodology and cost benefit analysis for high-penetration PV deployment in the Arizona Public Service system (2015)

In an effort to better understand the impacts of high penetrations of photovoltaic (PV) generators on distribution systems, Arizona Public Service and its partners completed a multi-year project to develop the tools and knowledge base needed to safely and reliably integrate high penetrations of utility- and residential-scale PV. Building upon the APS Community Power Project-Flagstaff Pilot, this project investigates the impact of PV on a representative feeder in northeast Flagstaff. To quantify and catalog the effects of the estimated 1.3 MW of PV that will be installed on the feeder (both smaller units at homes and large, centrally located systems), high-speed weather and electrical data acquisition systems and digital “smart” meters were designed and installed to facilitate monitoring and to build and validate comprehensive, high-resolution models of the distribution system. These models are being developed to analyze the impacts of PV on distribution circuit protection systems (including coordination and anti-islanding), predict voltage regulation and phase balance issues, and develop volt/VAr control schemes. This paper continues from a paper presented at the 2014 IEEE PVSC conference that described feeder model evaluation and high penetration advanced scenario analysis, specifically feeder reconfiguration. This paper presents results from Phase 5 of the project. Specifically, the paper discusses tool automation; interconnection assessment methodology and cost benefit analysis.
Double‐deleted vaccinia virus in virotherapy for refractory and metastatic pediatric solid tumors (2013)

Oncolytic vvDD administered i.v. shows activity in preclinical models of pediatric malignancies that are resistant to many currently available treatments. Our data support further evaluation of vvDD virotherapy for refractory pediatric solid tumors.
Live and let Live (2020)

High-speed cellular connectivity for drones (UAVs) is a key requirement for infrastructure monitoring and live broadcasting applications, among others. Different from ground mobile phones (UEs), however, UAVs benefit from unique line-of-sight conditions to multiple base stations (BSs), which may result in degraded performances for UEs in the surroundings. We experimentally evaluate this effect on a controlled LTE testbed, measuring up to $21.75\:\mathrmMbps $ uplink throughput reduction for ground UEs in presence of UAVs. To mitigate this effect, we propose a new approach designed to reduce interference to adjacent BSs through a combination of steerable directional transmitters and optimized flight control. We design a control mechanism to jointly optimize the trajectory of the drone and the directional orientation of the uplink transmission. Based on an empirical characterization of aerial signal propagation in 3D, the proposed control algorithms solve optimal trajectory problems on a directed graph representation of the aerial space. Our evaluation shows average interference reduction at neighboring BSs of $5.87\:\mathrmdB $ and average improvement of the drone signal-to-noise ratio of $9.23\:\mathrmdB $ compared to traditional channel-unaware flight control solutions employing omni-directional transmitters.
Development of Flat Knitted Spacer Fabrics for Composites using Hybrid Yarns and Investigation of Two-dimensional Mechanical Properties (2009)

Flat knitted spacer fabrics offer a strong potential for complex shape preforms, which could be used to manufacture composites with reduced waste and shorter production times. A reinforced spacer fabric made of individual surface layers and joined with connecting layers shows improved mechanical properties for lightweight applications such as textile-based sandwich preforms. We report the development of different flat knitted spacer fabrics from hybrid yarns consisting of glass filament (GF) and polypropylene (PP) filaments. Moreover, the mechanical properties of these reinforcement yarns and two-dimensional composites manufactured using various knit structures and knitting parameters were also studied. The composite structure with reinforcement yarn in weft direction is found to be the best in this regard.
[Randomized phase II study of carboplatin/paclitaxel followed by gemcitabine versus carboplatin/gemcitabine followed by docetaxel in patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer]. (2008)

Carboplatin /paclitaxel followed by gemcitabine and carboplatin/gemcitabine followed by docetaxel were well tolerated and equal in efficacy. Both regimens in this study seemed to be suitable for the outpatient settings because of their mild hematologic toxicity and peripheral neuropathy.
Epstein-Barr Virus Infection in Transplant Recipients: Sumary of a Workshop on Surveillance, Prevention and Treatment (2002)

Diseases caused by the Epstein-Barr virus are of great significance among organ transplant recipients. One of these diseases, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease, is a major complication among organ transplant recipients. Management of this entity is problematic due to the difficulties with laboratory surveillance, diagnosis, prevention and treatment. A group of Canadian and American experts was assembled to discuss these aspects of Epstein-Barr virus diseases in Canadian organ transplant recipients. This report summarizes the relevant background literature and levels of evidence in relation to the outcomes of the deliberations and recommendations by the expert panel.
Growth hormone controls lipolysis by regulation of FSP27 expression (2018)

Growth hormone (GH) has long been known to stimulate lipolysis and insulin resistance; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are unknown. In the present study, we demonstrate that GH acutely induces lipolysis in cultured adipocytes. This effect is secondary to the reduced expression of a negative regulator of lipolysis, fat-specific protein 27 (FSP27; aka Cidec) at both the mRNA and protein levels. These effects are mimicked in vivo as transgenic overexpression of GH leads to a reduction of FSP27 expression. Mechanistically, we show GH modulation of FSP27 expression is mediated through activation of both MEK/ERK- and STAT5-dependent intracellular signaling. These two molecular pathways interact to differentially manipulate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activity (PPARγ) on the FSP27 promoter. Furthermore, overexpression of FSP27 is sufficient to fully suppress GH-induced lipolysis and insulin resistance in cultured adipocytes. Taken together, these data decipher a molecular mechanism by which GH acutely regulates lipolysis and insulin resistance in adipocytes.
Development of Tunable Ferroelectric Ceramic Capacitors (2023)

Ferroelectric perovskite ceramics with a high dielectric constant, low loss, high tunability, and high electric breakdown are ideal for nonlinear transmission lines (NLTLs) to generate radio frequency (RF) signals at high-power levels. To achieve the required properties, a comprehensive study of the material phase transitions and the optimal ratio adjustment between the chemical elements in the perovskite crystal structure is required. The advancement of this solid-state technology is the most promising optimization for NLTLs in developing high-power (>100 MW) devices with high tunability (>60%) and high repetition rate (>1 kHz) for soliton generation. The barium strontium zirconium titanate (BSZT) ceramic compositions were synthesized and characterized to maximize material tunability. The composition Ba0.97Sr0.03Zr0.2Ti0.8O3 exhibited a high permittivity (>12200), low loss tangent (< 0.01), and an exceptional tunability of the order of 79% at an electric field of 10 kV/cm near the phase temperature transition at 300 K. Ferroelectric ceramic is an outstanding material with promising characteristics for producing RF signals in an NLTL, and here, the BSZT is considered for this application.
Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies after First 6 Months of COVID-19 Pandemic, Portugal (2021)

In September 2020, we tested 13,398 persons in Portugal for antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 by using a quota sample stratified by age and population density. We found a seroprevalence of 2.2%, 3-4 times larger than the official number of cases at the end of the first wave of the pandemic.
Therapeutic Targeting of Vasculature in the Premetastatic and Metastatic Niches Reduces Lung Metastasis (2020)

In the metastasis-targeted organs, angiogenesis is essential for the progression of dormant micrometastases to rapidly growing and clinically overt lesions. However, we observed changes suggesting angiogenic switching in the mouse lungs prior to arrival of tumor cells (i.e., in the premetastatic niche) in the models of breast carcinoma. This angiogenic switching appears to be caused by myeloid-derived suppressor cells recruited to the premetastatic lungs through complement C5a receptor 1 signaling. These myeloid cells are known to secrete several proangiogenic factors in tumors, including IL-1β and matrix metalloproteinase-9, and we found upregulation of these genes in the premetastatic lungs. Blockade of C5a receptor 1 synergized with antiangiogenic <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>-based vaccines to decrease the lung metastatic burden by reducing vascular density and improving antitumor immunity in the lungs. This was mediated even when growth of primary breast tumors was not affected by these treatments. This work provides initial evidence that angiogenesis contributes to the premetastatic niche in rapidly progressing cancers and that inhibiting this process through immunotherapy is beneficial for reducing or even preventing metastasis.
Ultrathin Broadband Metasurface Superabsorbers from a van der Waals Semimetal (2022)

Abstract Metamaterials and metasurfaces operating in the visible and near‐infrared (NIR) offer a promising route towards next‐generation photodetectors and devices for solar energy harvesting. While numerous metamaterials and metasurfaces using metals and semiconductors have been demonstrated, semimetals‐based metasurfaces in the vis‐NIR range are notably missing. This work experimentally demonstrates a broadband metasurface superabsorber based on large area, semimetallic, van der Waals platinum diselenide (PtSe 2 ) thin films in agreement with electromagnetic simulations. The results show that PtSe 2 is an ultrathin and scalable semimetal that concurrently possesses high index and high extinction across the vis‐NIR range. Consequently, the thin‐film PtSe 2 on a reflector separated by a dielectric spacer can absorb &gt;85% for the unpatterned case and ≈97% for the optimized 2D metasurface in the 400–900 nm range making it one of the strongest and thinnest broadband perfect absorbers to date. The results present a scalable approach to photodetection and solar energy harvesting, demonstrating the practical utility of high index, high extinction semimetals for nanoscale optics.
Bending and twisting dynamics of short linear DNAs. Analysis of the triplet anisotropy decay of a 209 base pair fragment by Brownian simulation (1989)

Brownian dynamics is used to simulate the decay anisotropy of short linear DNA fragments modeled as a string of beads. The model is sufficiently general to allow for static bends, anisotropic bending, and elastic constants for bending and twisting which can vary along the chain. In limiting cases, simulations are found to be in excellent agreement with analytic theory down to a correlation length of at least 500 Å. This model is then used to analyze the 0–2.5 μs triplet depletion anisotropy decay of a 209 base pair sea urchin DNA fragment. It is concluded that the conventional worm-like chain model, in which bending is isotropic and/or there are no static bends along the chain, is unable to account for the experimental results unless a correlation length of 1000 Å is assumed. A worm-like chain with anisotropic bending requires a similar but slightly larger correlation length.
Supplementary Table S4 from Spliced Peptides and Cytokine-Driven Changes in the Immunopeptidome of Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S4&lt;/p&gt;
Preformed Selenoesters Enable Rapid Native Chemical Ligation at Intractable Sites (2011)

Pro-blemlos: Die Pro-Cys-Ligation mit einem zuvor gebildeten Prolylselenoester wird vorgestellt (siehe Schema; P=Peptid). In einer vergleichenden Studie erwiesen sich Peptid-α-Selenoester als die besten Acyldonoren; sie steigerten die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit gegenüber den etablierten Peptid-α-Thioestern um zwei Größenordnungen. Damit gelingt die Ligation auch an Stellen wie Pro-Cys, für die bisher keine Methode verfügbar war. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Electrical conductivity imaging via contactless measurements (1999)

A new imaging modality is introduced to image electrical conductivity of biological tissues via contactless measurements. This modality uses magnetic excitation to induce currents inside the body and measures the magnetic fields of the induced currents. In this study, the mathematical basis of the methodology is analyzed and numerical models are developed to simulate the imaging system. The induced currents are expressed using the A-phi formulation of the electric field where A is the magnetic vector potential and phi is the scalar potential function. It is assumed that A describes the primary magnetic vector potential that exists in the absence of the body. This assumption considerably simplifies the solution of the secondary magnetic fields caused by induced currents. In order to solve phi for objects of arbitrary conductivity distribution a three-dimensional (3-D) finite-element method (FEM) formulation is employed. A specific 7 x 7-coil system is assumed nearby the upper surface of a 10 x 10 x 5-cm conductive body. A sensitivity matrix, which relates the perturbation in measurements to the conductivity perturbations, is calculated. Singular-value decomposition of the sensitivity matrix shows various characteristics of the imaging system. Images are reconstructed using 500 voxels in the image domain, with truncated pseudoinverse. The noise level is assumed to produce a representative signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 80 dB. It is observed that it is possible to identify voxel perturbations (of volume 1 cm3) at 2 cm depth. However, resolution gradually decreases for deeper conductivity perturbations.
High Resolution Anatomic and Elastographic Transrectal Ultrasound for Improved Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer (2005)

Abstract : In this work we improve upon conventional Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) and PSA blood test by using ultrasound elasticity imaging. A latex sheath over the transrectal ultrasound probe is slightly inflated with water to provide a source of moderate pressure. The elasticity image is generated by cross-correlating successive raw radio frequency image data sets for incrementally increasing pressure. Strain, and consequently elasticity, can be calculated from the displacement image. Our second objective is to use a new freehand 3D acquisition approach to obtain 3D image data sets. This approach uses a slightly modified transducer and an image motion tracking technique. Preliminary phantom based results are presented in this report. Excellent progress has been made with respect to the Statement of Work and first three of four total Specific Aims. A transducer has been specified and is on order. As promised, this transducer is designed to possess unsurpassed prostate scanning resolution by virtue of its exceptionally high frequency up to 14 MHz. Prototype phantoms and complete ultrasound test instrumentation has been assembled. Preliminary ultrasound image speckle reduction work has been performed. Preliminary, dimensionally accurate, 3D prostate phantom images have been produced.
Study on Metallic Particle Motion and Partial Discharge Characteristics in a GIS Tank Filled with CO2 and SF6 (2005)

We investigate the insulation properties of CO2 gas in the presence of a metallic particle. CO2 gas attracts attention as an alternative gas to SF6 gas because of its relatively very small global warming coefficient gas and relatively good dielectric strength. To design CO2 gas-insulated apparatus, the influence of a metallic particle on insulation properties has to be clarified. In this paper, we investigate the motion of a metallic particle and partial discharges in CO2 and SF6 gases by measuring acoustic and electromagnetic signals. As a result, it was found that a free metallic particle motion differs in CO2 gas and SF6 gas because of differences in partial discharge characteristics.
Neonatal Renomegaly (1987)

A retrospective clinical review was done to study the value of ultrasound and renography in the investigation of 100 neonates with renomegaly. Abnormalities in 73 patients were detected antenatally with ultrasonography. Of the neonates 47 had lower urinary tract pathological conditions and ultrasound was more than 90 per cent accurate in identifying the accompanying ureteral dilatation. A total of 53 neonates had upper tract anomalies (ureteropelvic junction obstruction or cystic dysplasia). With ultrasonography the degree of pyelocaliectasis in patients with ureteropelvic junction obstruction was classified as mild (22 units), moderate (13) or severe (7). Initial treatment and followup were reviewed to study the clinical course of neonates with mild to moderate degrees of pyelocaliectasis followed nonoperatively, and to determine whether the diuretic renogram had a predictive role in identifying which kidneys were most likely to deteriorate.