gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The possibility of clinical sequencing in the management of cancer (2016)

Comprehensive genomic profiling using next-generation sequencing technologies provides insights into understanding the genomic architecture of human cancer. This new understanding of the cancer genome allows us to identify many more genomic alterations occurring within tumors than before, some of which could be potential therapeutic targets through molecular targeted agents. Currently, a large number of molecular targeted agents are being developed, and consequently, cancer treatment is rapidly shifting from empiric therapy employing cytotoxic anticancer drugs to genotype-directed therapy using molecular targeted agents. In current daily clinical practice, hotspot-based single-gene assays that detect RAS mutations in colorectal cancer or EGFR mutations in non-small cell lung cancer are widely used to identify variants. However, it is becoming evident that more comprehensive genomic analysis is crucial in identifying the patient population that may benefit from molecular targeted therapy and the accelerated development of novel drugs for early clinical trials. For these purposes, an increasing number of gene panel-based targeted sequencing is commercially available in clinical practice from sequencing companies. Despite several challenges in implementing this approach, comprehensive genomic profiling and identification of actionable mutations is likely to become one of the standard options in the management of cancer in the near future. The use of clinical sequencing has the potential to usher a new era in precision medicine for cancer diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we discuss the application of comprehensive genomic profiling using next-generation sequencing technologies in clinical oncology and address the current challenges for its implementation.
Techno‐economic analysis of a plant‐based platform for manufacturing antimicrobial proteins for food safety (2019)

Continuous reports of foodborne illnesses worldwide and the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria mandate novel interventions to assure the safety of our food. Treatment of a variety of foods with bacteriophage-derived lysins and bacteriocin-class antimicrobial proteins has been shown to protect against high-risk pathogens at multiple intervention points along the food supply chain. The most significant barrier to the adoption of antimicrobial proteins as a food safety intervention by the food industry is the high production cost using current fermentation-based approaches. Recently, plants have been shown to produce antimicrobial proteins with accumulation as high as 3 g/kg fresh weight and with demonstrated activity against major foodborne pathogens. To investigate potential economic advantages and scalability of this novel platform, we evaluated a highly efficient transgenic plant-based production process. A detailed process simulation model was developed to help identify economic "hot spots" for research and development focus including process operating parameters, unit operations, consumables, and/or raw materials that have the most significant impact on production costs. Our analyses indicate that the unit production cost of antimicrobial proteins in plants at commercial scale for three scenarios is $3.00-6.88/g, which can support a competitive selling price to traditional food safety treatments.
ATIDB: Arabidopsis thaliana insertion database (2003)

Insertional mutagenesis techniques, including transposon- and T-DNA-mediated mutagenesis, are key resources for systematic identification of gene function in the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana. We have developed a database (http://atidb.cshl.org/) for archiving, searching and analyzing insertional mutagenesis lines. Flanking sequences from approximately 10 500 insertion lines (including transposon and T-DNA insertions) from several tagging programs in Arabidopsis were mapped to the genome sequence through our annotation system before being entered into the database. The database front end provides World Wide Web searching and analyzing interfaces for genome researchers and other biologists. Users can search the database to identify insertions in a particular gene or perform genome-wide analysis to study the distribution and preference of insertions. Tools integrated with the database include a graphical genome browser, a protein search function, a graphical representation of the insertion distribution and a Blast search function. The database is based on open source components and is available under an open source license.
Increased intrinsic excitability of muscle vasoconstrictor sympathetic preganglionic neurones in neonatal spontaneously hypertensive rats (2010)

Young, spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats show an increased level of sympathetic activity that predates the development of hypertension (Simms et al 2009 J Physiol). We have examined the properties of muscle vasoconstrictor sympathetic preganglionic neurones (MVC‐SPN) in neonatal SH and Wistar rats. Whole‐cell recordings were obtained from SPN (Wistar n=169, SH n=76; aged p9–14) in T3–4 segment of the working heart‐brainstem preparation. SPN of SH rats showed a higher firing frequency (1.7 vs 3.0Hz) and smaller AHP amplitude. When analysed by functional subgroup it was apparent that these difference were secondary to changes in the excitability of MVC‐SPN. These showed significantly higher firing frequencies (2.2 vs 3.5Hz) with increased respiratory modulation. Additionally, the SH MVC‐SPN had shorter, smaller AHPs, lower input resistances and a weaker transient rectification (IA). Voltage clamp analysis of spontaneous excitatory synaptic events in MVC‐SPN showed similar frequencies and amplitudes of EPSCs. There was a modest preponderance of large EPSCs in SH rats (&gt;30pA, &lt;0.3Hz) which alone did not account for the increased spike discharge. In summary, the MVC SPN of neonatal SH rats are intrinsically more excitable. These changes occur prior to, and may play a causal role in, the development of hypertension.
Beam-hopping systems for next-generation satellite communication systems (2018)

In this chapter, the concepts and benefits of beam-hopping were presented along with some detection performance considerations. In particular, the gains in user satisfaction and system usable throughput were compared to that of a conventional broadband satellite system with a static coverage. Complementing the beam-hopping system principles, we discussed the physical layer transmission solutions suitable for beamhopping. Based on the identified waveform key-requirements for applying beamhopping, the already released DVB-S2X standard was reviewed and analysed using practical and representative system examples. It was found that the super-framing specification offers high practical relevance compared to the conventional DVBS2/S2X framing. The author also presented actual and future technology for a beam-hopping systems. Specifically, the upcoming Eutelsat Quantum-class satellite designed for beamhopping was presented along with its features like re-configurable beam-forming and highlights potential applications. The corresponding ground equipment was also discussed exploiting the advantages of wideband processing. Furthermore, implementation feasibility has been demonstrated by means of detection performance results exploiting DVB-S2X SF Format 4. Beam-hopping offers flexible system architecture to address changing traffic demands over time and geographical locations by sharing in time, power and frequency resources among multiple beams. Beam-hopping systems offer higher usable throughput by focusing the system resources where they are most needed at a time.
Dual connectivity for LTE small cell evolution: functionality and performance aspects (2016)

DC is one of the most important features introduced in Release 12 of the 3GPP specifications. DC aims at increasing the per-user throughput by improving the utilization of radio resources across two base stations connected via non-ideal backhaul (X2) and operating on different carrier frequencies. By making it possible to maintain the connection to the primary cell located in the macro base station while accessing the extra capacity provided by the small cell layer, DC can also improve the mobility performance in small cell deployments. This article gives an overview of the DC feature as standardized in Release 12. We summarize the supported scenarios and the DC functionality, and also demonstrate by means of detailed system-level simulations how DC can improve end-user throughput and mobility performance.
Intestinal permeability during hyperthermia in the mouse: no protection of superoxide scavenging (2009)

Severe heat stroke is associated with loss of intestinal barrier function resulting in release of endotoxin into the blood. In rat, intestinal permeability is elevated at or above 41.5 °C. The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity of mouse intestine to hyperthermia and to evaluate if oxidant production contributes to increases in permeability. Mouse small intestines were excised, cleaned, everted over a glass rod and filled with pre‐oxygenated Ringers solution. Gut sacs (1‐2 cm) were then placed into cuvettes containing oxygenated buffer, with 4kD fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) dextran (0.3mM) for 90 min. Leakage of FITC‐dextran into the gut sac was found by fluorometery to be 2.8 ±0.6, 2.2 ± 0.2 and 7.8 ±0.4 μmoles /cm 2 at 37, 40.5 and 41.5 °C, respectively. Tiron (1mM), a superoxide scavenger, showed no protective effect on intestinal permeability at 41.5 °C (7.9 μmoles /cm 2 ±0.47) and no effect at 37 °C (3.1 μmoles/cm 2 ±0.8). The results demonstrate that a threshold temperature of 41.5ºC is necessary for significant loss of intestinal barrier function in mouse (P&lt; 0.01) and that superoxide scavenging does not significantly alter permeability. NHLBI 53333
Japanese macaque encephalomyelitis: A spontaneous multiple sclerosis–like disease in a nonhuman primate (2011)

JME is a unique spontaneous disease in a nonhuman primate that has similarities with multiple sclerosis (MS) and is associated with a novel simian herpesvirus. Elucidating the pathogenesis of JME may shed new light on MS and other human demyelinating diseases.
Strength development of cement-treated sand using different cement types cured at different temperatures (2018)

This study aimed to investigate the strength development of cement-treated sand using different cement types: ordinary Portland cement (OPC), high early strength Portland cement (HPC), and moderate heat Portland cement (MPC) cured at different temperatures. The cementtreated sand specimens were prepared with 8% of cement content and cured under sealed conditions at 20οC and 40οC, and mortar specimens were also prepared for reference. The results showed that the compressive strength of cement-treated sand increased in order of MPC, OPC, and HPC under high curing temperatures. It was interesting that the compressive strength of the specimens using HPC was much larger than that of the specimen using OPC and MPC under 20οC due to the larger amount of chemically bound water. Additionally, it was revealed that under high curing temperatures, the pozzolanic reaction was accelerated in the cement-treated sand; this may be caused by the high proportions of sand in the mixtures.
Study on mechanism of re-entrant RHEED oscillation observed during LT-MBE growth of GaAs (2002)

Intensity oscillation of reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) during epitaxial growth is of technological importance since it synchronizes with the formation of molecular layers provided that the growth is in the layer-by-layer (LBL) mode [1]. Vice versa, the appearance of RHEED oscillation (RO) during growth has been frequently regarded as an indication of the LBL growth realized. However, compared to the case for the thermal-energy atom scattering (TEAS), the RO is rather insensitive to the multi-layered morphology involved during the growth; the RO persists even at the temperatures where no intensity oscillation of TEAS are detected. [2,3].
Arrival Time Stabilization of the Photocathode Laser at the European XFEL (2019)

Arrival time drifts of the European XFEL photocathode laser pulses were identified using balanced optical cross-correlation and compared to the electron bunch arrival time changes. With a feedback loop this timing error could be compensated to 45 fs. © 2019 The Author(s)
Low-Noise Hybrid Photonic Integrated Violet and Blue Lasers for Quantum Applications (2022)

Compact, single-frequency and low-noise integrated photonic laser diodes emitting in the violet (~412 nm) and blue (461 nm) regime are demonstrated. Hybrid-integration of the III-Nitride edge-type laser diodes to a butt-coupled on-chip high-Q resonator was used to achieved ultra-low phase-noise laser operation with ~36 dB side-mode suppression ratio. Both a CMOS-compatible PIC chip with SiN core as well as a new class of PIC platform with crystalline III-Nitride heterostructures was developed and evaluated. Successful demonstration of laser self-injection locking with ultra-narrow emission linewidth was demonstrated for both material platforms. Emission linewidth of only ~ 1 MHz was determined with an external-cavity reference laser implying state-of-the-art phase noise performance and offering a vastly improved form factor. The performance metrics of this novel type of laser suggest the potential implementation of this new technology in next generation, portable quantum systems.
6B-4 RF Filter using Boundary Acoustic Wave (2006)

Authors report a new structure of a shear horizontal (SH) type boundary acoustic wave for cellular phone applications. Such a structure composed of electrodes with a low shear wave velocity between two materials, namely, the SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> film/high density electrode/LiNbO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> substrate, is proposed. The unique feature of this structure is that it does not require a cavity on the substrate surface. The ladder filter and the longitudinal coupled multiple mode filter composed of this structure is reported. By changing the propagation angle of the acoustic wave, the electromechanical coupling factor k <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ranged from 0 to 16% as well as a normalized bandwidth of 0.67 to 1.85 fold as large as that of a 36~46deg Y-X LiTaO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> leaky surface acoustic wave (LT-LSAW) filter. In addition, an excellent temperature coefficient of delay time (TCD = 25 ppm/degC) and a large mutual coupling coefficient kappa <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">12</sub> (=0.15) were also obtained. The newly developed RF filter using this structure was very small and thin
Synthesis, structure, and reactions of a zirconocene-benzdiyne complex (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, structure, and reactions of a zirconocene-benzdiyne complexStephen L. Buchwald, Eric A. Lucas, and John C. DewanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 14, 4396–4397Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00248a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00248a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1159Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A cyclic RGD-coated peptide nanoribbon as a selective intracellular nanocarrier (2008)

We have synthesized a peptide-based supramolecular building block consisting of a cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (cRGD) peptide segment and a beta-sheet-forming peptide segment. The block peptide was shown to self-assemble into a cRGD-coated nanoribbon structure, as revealed by circular dichroism (CD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies. We have shown that this cRGD-coated nanoribbon can encapsulate hydrophobic guest molecules and deliver them into cells. Colocalization of the nanoribbon with LysoTracker and the selective intracellular delivery results suggests that the cRGD-coated nanoribbon is likely to be internalized into the cells through integrin receptors.
Fabrication and electrical characterization of sub-micron diameter through-silicon via for heterogeneous three-dimensional integrated circuits (2016)

This paper presents the fabrication and electrical characterization of high aspect-ratio (AR) sub-micron diameter through silicon vias (TSVs) for densely interconnected three-dimensional (3D) stacked integrated circuits (ICs). The fabricated TSV technology features an AR of 16:1 with 680 nm diameter copper (Cu) core and 920 nm overall diameter. To address the challenges in scaling TSVs, scallop-free low roughness nano-Bosch silicon etching and direct Cu electroplating on a titanium-nitride (TiN) diffusion barrier layer have been developed as key enabling modules. The electrical resistance of the sub-micron TSVs is measured to be on average 1.2 Ω, and the Cu resistivity is extracted to be approximately 2.95 µΩ cm. Furthermore, the maximum achievable current-carrying capacity (CCC) of the scaled TSVs is characterized to be approximately 360 µA for the 680 nm Cu core.
Synthesis and Characterisation of a Boron-Rich Symmetric Triazine Bearing a Hypoxia-Targeting Nitroimidazole Moiety (2021)

Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is a binary therapy that promises to be suitable in treating many non-curable cancers. To that, the discovery of new boron compounds able to accumulate selectively in the tumour tissue is still required. Hypoxia, a deficiency of oxygen in tumor tissue, is a great challenge in the conventional treatment of cancer, because hypoxic areas are resistant to conventional anticancer treatments. 2-Nitroimidazole derivatives are known to be hypoxia markers due to their enrichment by bioreduction in hypoxic cells. In the present work, 2-nitroimidazole was chosen as the starting point for the synthesis of a new boron-containing compound based on a 1,3,5-triazine skeleton. Two o-carborane moieties were inserted to achieve a high ratio of boron on the molecular weight, exploiting a short PEG spacer to enhance the polarity of the compound and outdistance the active part from the core. The compound showed no toxicity on normal human primary fibroblasts, while it showed noteworthy toxicity in multiple myeloma cells together with a consistent intracellular boron accumulation.
Temperature Dependence of Viability and Dormancy of Zizania palustris var. interior Seeds Stored at High Moisture Contents (1992)

Seeds (caryopses) of North American wild rice (Zizania palustris var. interior), a temperate aquatic grass, have been thought to require storage at low temperatures and high moisture contents to preserve viability. The seeds are also deeply dormant at maturity and require up to 6 months of stratification to break dormancy. We report here that wild rice seeds can retain viability at moisture contents ≧ 30% (f. wt. basis) for up to 6 months at temperatures as high as 30 °C, and for at least 1 year at temperatures below 20 °C. Dormancy is not broken at temperatures above 10 °C, but subsequent stratification requirements are unaffected by prior warm storage. Cold storage is therefore not required to maintain viability of wild rice seeds, but is necessary to break dormancy. Hydrated wild rice seeds can be frozen to −10 °C without damage, but dormancy is not lost at subfreezing temperatures. These results provide new options for long-term storage of wild rice seeds.
The Mast Cell-specific Expression of a Protease Gene, RMCP II, Is Regulated by an Enhancer Element That Binds Specifically to Mast Cell trans-Acting Factors (1989)

The rat mast cell protease gene, RMCP II, is specifically expressed in the mucosal subclass of rat mast cells. We show here that the 5'-flanking region of this gene contains a mast cell-specific enhancer that directs preferential expression of a linked reporter gene (human growth hormone) transfected into rat basophilic leukemia cells. A DNA fragment containing the enhancer sequence is capable of binding specifically to mast cell nuclear trans-acting factors. The sequence of this enhancer element contains a region of homology to a consensus core sequence present in the enhancer region of the pancreatic protease genes.
Dynamic Responses in Retinal Vessel Caliber With Flicker Light Stimulation in Eyes With Diabetic Retinopathy (2014)

The responses of retinal arterioles and venules to flickering light are reduced in subjects with DR, and decrease progressively with more severe stages of DR.
[The schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders in the DSM-5]. (2014)

The limitations of the classic system of categorical diagnosis are widely acknowledged and serious consideration has been given to the abolition of this type of diagnosis or at least to the possibility of enriching it with a transdiagnostic focus on dimensions of psychopathology. These steps have not been taken in DSM-5 - for the consensus committees this is evidently still a bridge too far.
The SRI NIST 2010 speaker recognition evaluation system (2011)

The SRI speaker recognition system for the 2010 NIST speaker recognition evaluation (SRE) incorporates multiple subsystems with a variety of features and modeling techniques. We describe our strategy for this year's evaluation, from the use of speech recognition and speech segmentation to the individual system descriptions as well as the final combination. Our results show that under most conditions, the cepstral systems tend to perform the best, but that other, non-cepstral systems have the most complementarity. The combination of several subsystems with the use of adequate side information gives a 35% improvement on the standard telephone condition. We also show that a constrained cepstral system based on nasal syllables tends to be more robust to vocal effort variabilities.
Hyperacute stroke: evaluation with combined multisection diffusion-weighted and hemodynamically weighted echo-planar MR imaging. (1996)

Different aspects of hyperacute cerebral ischemia are depicted at DW and HW imaging before infarction is depicted at conventional MR or CT. These techniques may improve stroke diagnosis and may contribute to advances in treatment.
ChemInform Abstract: Convergency and Divergency as Strategic Elements in Total Synthesis: The Total Synthesis of (‐)‐Drupacine (I) and the Formal Total Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Cephalotaxine, (‐)‐Cephalotaxine (II), and (+)‐Cephalotaxine. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.