gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integrative analysis of KRAS wildtype metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma reveals mutation and expression-based similarities to cholangiocarcinoma (2022)

Oncogenic KRAS mutations are absent in approximately 10% of patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (mPDAC) and may represent a subgroup of mPDAC with therapeutic options beyond standard-of-care cytotoxic chemotherapy. While distinct gene fusions have been implicated in KRAS wildtype mPDAC, information regarding other types of mutations remain limited, and gene expression patterns associated with KRAS wildtype mPDAC have not been reported. Here, we leverage sequencing data from the PanGen trial to perform comprehensive characterization of the molecular landscape of KRAS wildtype mPDAC and reveal increased frequency of chr1q amplification encompassing transcription factors PROX1 and NR5A2. By leveraging data from colorectal adenocarcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma samples, we highlight similarities between cholangiocarcinoma and KRAS wildtype mPDAC involving both mutation and expression-based signatures and validate these findings using an independent dataset. These data further establish KRAS wildtype mPDAC as a unique molecular entity, with therapeutic opportunities extending beyond gene fusion events.
Neuronal Polarity: Giving Neurons, Heads and Tails Minireview (1995)

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Ecole Normale Superieure 46, Rue d'UIm 75230 Paris Cedex 05 France The concept of neuronal polarity originates in the sche- matic view that information released in the form of a chemi- cal signal by axon terminals is received by the dendrites of another neuron and forwarded to the cell body, where it is integrated before being conveyed to the axon. Al- though this idea of a uniform directionality of the flow of information is naive, it does suggest that axons and den- drites are different, and thereby has stimulated several studies aimed at understanding the molecular and struc- tural bases of this difference. While understanding how neuronal polarity is created and maintained is of interest primarily to developmental and cell biologists, it is also important for those interested in the molecular and cellular bases of animal behavior, since the general geometry of the neurons is an important parameter for the functioning of neuronal circuits. More- over, the shape of axonat and dendritic teminals is not fixed forever following synaptogenesis, but rather remains highly plastic; the morphological changes observed throughout adulthood are directly correlated with neuronal activity. It is thus possible that identifying factors that can modify axonal or dendritic elongation or morphology dur- ing neuronal development might yield some clues for a better understanding of higher brain functions such as learning and memory.
Uniformity in Defining, Recording and Reporting Statistical Items (1931)

Frank M. Phillips, Uniformity in Defining, Recording and Reporting Statistical Items, Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol. 26, No. 173, Supplement: Proceedings of the American Statistical Association (Mar., 1931), pp. 181-186
The evolution of initially uniform shear flow through a nearly two-dimensional 90 (1995)

An experimental study has been made in a nearly two-dimensional 90' curved duct to investigate the effects of interaction between streamline curvature and mean strain on the evolution of turbulence. The initial uniform shear at the entrance to the curved duct was varied by an upstream shear generator to produce five different shear conditions; a uniform flow (UF), a positive weak shear (PW), a positive strong shear (PS), a negative weak shear (NW) and a negative strong shear (NS). The variations of surface pressure and the mean velocity profiles along the downstream direction under different initial shears are carefully measured. The responses of turbulent Reynolds stresses and triple velocity products to the curvature and the mean strain are also investigated. The evolution of turbulence under the curvature with the different shear conditions is described in terms of the turbulent kinetic energy and the various length scales vs the angular distance eor a curvature parameters Sc which is defined by Sc= (UlR)/(dUldy-UlR). The results show that the turbulent kinetic energy and the integral length scale are augmented when Sc 0.054. It is also observed that the micro-length scales of Taylor and Kolmogoroff are relatively insensitive to the curvature.
Acute quadriplegia with delayed onset and rapid recovery (1998)

The authors describe a patient with severe head injury and sepsis who became acutely quadriplegic 3 days postinjury because of a critical illness polyneuropathy (CIP) and critical illness myopathy (CIM), which resolved rapidly after treatment of the underlying infection. In only 3 days the patient developed septic shock together with flaccid quadriplegia and absent deep tendon reflexes with no clinical or radiological evidence of central nervous system deterioration. Neurophysiological studies showed an acute axonal sensorimotor polyneuropathy, whereas the clinical course strongly suggested a concurrent myopathy. A severe Staphylococcus epidermidis infection accompanied by bacteremia was treated and the patient recovered fully within a few days. Although the case described here is unique because of its very early onset and rapid resolution, CIP and CIM are frequent complications of sepsis and multiple organ failure. The authors suggest that severely head injured patients with sepsis should be evaluated for CIP and CIM when presenting with unexplained muscle weakness or paralysis.
The Yeast Metabolic Cycle: Insights into the Life of a Eukaryotic Cell (2007)

The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae undergoes robust oscillations in oxygen consumption during continuous growth under nutrient-limited conditions. Comprehensive microarray studies reveal that more than half of the yeast genome is expressed periodically as a function of these respiratory oscillations, thereby specifying an extensively orchestrated program responsible for regulating numerous cellular outputs. Here, we summarize the logic of the yeast metabolic cycle (YMC) and highlight additional cellular processes that are predicted to be compartmentalized in time. Certain principles of temporal orchestration as seen during the YMC might be conserved across other biological cycles.
Delivery of Drugs Bound to erythrocytes: New Avenues for an Old Intravascular Carrier (2015)

For several decades, researchers have used erythrocytes for drug delivery of a wide variety of therapeutics in order to improve their pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, controlled release and pharmacodynamics. Approaches include encapsulation of drugs within erythrocytes, as well as coupling of drugs onto the red cell surface. This review focuses on the latter approach, and examines the delivery of red blood cell (RBC)-surface-bound anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic and anti-microbial agents, as well as RBC carriage of nanoparticles. Herein, we discuss the progress that has been made in surface loading approaches, and address in depth the issues relevant to surface loading of RBC, including intrinsic features of erythrocyte membranes, immune considerations, potential surface targets and techniques for the production of affinity ligands.
Upregulation of junctional adhesion molecule-A is a putative prognostic marker of hypertension (2012)

Body-wide upregulation of JAM-A in genetic and induced models of hypertension in the rat precedes the stable elevation of arterial pressure. JAM-A upregulation may be triggered by AT(1) receptor-mediated signalling. An association of JAM-A with hypertension and sensitivity to blockers of ANG II signalling were also evident in humans. We suggest a prognostic and possibly a pathogenic role of JAM-A in arterial hypertension.
Electrooxidation of Ethylene Glycol and Glycerol by Pt Based Binary and Ternary Templated Catalysts in Alkaline Media (2011)

Spray pyrolysis of metal precursors was used to synthesize binary and ternary templated Pt based catalysts. Characterization of the catalysts was performed using SEM, TEM, and EDS to determine morphology, purity and composition. The electrochemical performance of PtRu, PtSn, and PtRuSn was evaluated via cyclic voltammetry and steady state polarization for oxidation of ethylene glycol and glycerol. The ternary PtRuSn catalyst had the highest metal utilization, as well as the highest maximum current. This work emphasizes the gains provided by adding modifiers to Pt catalysts for oxidation of complex alcohols.
Auxiliary Power Supplies for High-Power Converter Submodules: State of the Art and Future Prospects (2021)

Recent developments in medium-voltage (MV) silicon and silicon carbide (SiC) power semiconductor devices are challenging state-of-the-art converter and auxiliary power supply (APS) designs. The APS is an important converter component, which energizes the gate-drive units and, therefore, has an influence on the overall reliability and efficiency of the converter system. There has, however, been comparably little research on how the APS of high-power converter submodules can be realized, in particular, for high-voltage applications. New, or improved, solutions may build on state-of-the-art topologies in the near future, but utilize MV SiC technology in the APS circuit itself to enable improved efficiency, reliability, simplicity, and compactness. Externally-fed APS concepts could provide several further advantages. Their various benefits on converter and system level may enable them to be a competitive solution for future APS concepts. Especially, light-based power supply systems are considered most useful since they offer extreme voltage isolation capability and immunity to electromagnetic interference. This article presents a review of the wide range of solutions for APSs, possible implementation options, and the most important design considerations. The different solutions are evaluated in a qualitative fashion, providing an overview of available APS concepts with regard to the requirements for high-power converter applications.
Dual High-k Gate Dielectric Technology Using Selective AlOx Etch (SAE) Process with Nitrogen and Fluorine Incorporation (2006)

We propose a novel V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> , control method for HfSiON (or HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) with poly-Si and metal inserted poly-Si stacks (MIPS) gates. By using a selective AlO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> etch (SAE) process, we successfully integrate dual high-k gate oxide scheme; HfSiO/poly-Si stack for nMOS and HfSiO/AlO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> /poly-Si stack for pMOS. Therefore, symmetrical V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> values of 0.43V(nMOS)/-0.44V (pMOS) have been obtained in poly-Si gate. For MIPS gate, we perform the SAE process with impurity incorporation at the channel region, such as N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> for nMOS and F for pMOS. Consequently, nMOS V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> of 0.35V and pMOS V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> of -0.45V are obtained without counter channel doping. Moreover, we find out that impurity incorporation at the channel also improves mobility and reliability characteristics. Finally, by using the SAE process with impurity incorporation, maximum operating voltages above 1.0V are obtained by an extrapolated 10 years lifetime
Transient Xenon Analysis in a Molten Salt Breeder Reactor (1977)

An evaluation is made to estimate the transient xenon behavior in an MSBR for several representative patterns of operation. Such analysis is indispensable for detailed evaluation of reactivity balance under transient conditions. The results are compared with those of a typical PWR. The xenon behavior does not differ between the two types of reactor to the extent that might be expected from the fact that in the MSBR, xenon behavior is additionally conditioned by the processes of migration into the circulating bubbles and into the graphite, as well as by diffusion therein. It is shown that the reactivity transients due to xenon buildup can be held within the range of counteraction by control rod movement for any normal change of reactor output, so long as the reactor is not shut down. After a shutdown, insertion of the control rods will not suffice to override the xenon buildup, but then the fuel processing system could be conveniently utilized to increase the quantity of 233U contained in the fuel and regain required reactivity of the core.
Integration of passive multivariable RFID sensors into single-use biopharmaceutical manufacturing components (2010)

Single-use biopharmaceutical manufacturing requires monitoring of critical manufacturing parameters. However, the lack of reliable single-use sensors prevents the biopharmaceutical industry from fully embracing single-use biomanufacturing processes. We report here an approach for passive radio-frequency identification (RFID)-based sensing that does not rely on costly proprietary RFID memory chips with an analog input but rather implement ubiquitous passive 13.56 MHz RFID tags as inductively coupled sensors with 16-bit resolution provided by a sensor reader. Developed RFID sensors combine several measured parameters from the resonant sensor antenna with multivariate data analysis and deliver unique capability of multiparameter sensing and rejection of environmental interferences with a single sensor. In this study we are integrating these RFID sensors into single-use biopharmaceutical manufacturing components such as buffer bags. Performance of these sensors for simultaneous solution conductivity and temperature sensing is discussed.
Neuronal growth promoting sesquiterpene–neolignans; syntheses and biological studies (2011)

The use of small molecules that can promote neuronal growth represents a promising approach to regenerative science. Along these lines we have developed separate short or modular syntheses of the natural products caryolanemagnolol and clovanemagnolol, small molecules previously shown to promote neuronal growth and induce choline acetyltransferase activity. The postulated biosynthetic pathways, potentially leading to the assembly of these molecules in nature, have guided the laboratory syntheses, allowing the preparation of both natural products in as few as two steps. With synthetic access to the compounds as single enantiomers we have examined clovanemagnolol's ability to promote the growth of embryonic hippocampal and cortical neurons. Clovanemagnolol has been shown to be a potent neurotrophic agent, promoting neuronal growth at concentrations of 10 nM.
Simulation of fluid dynamics in a microchannel Fischer-Tropsch reactor (2012)

Fluid dynamics in a microchannel of a new-generation Fischer-Tropsch reactor for artificial petroleum synthesis is reported. Liquid and gaseous product downflows are modeled in the annular flow approximation. The conjugate flow of gaseous and liquid products is investigated in terms of integral momentum balance equations with capillary effects and microchannel wall roughness taken into consideration. A simulation procedure appropriate for the method of deposition of catalyst particles onto the inner wall is suggested for modeling a random inner surface of the microchannel. The simulation procedure takes into account the variation of the synthesis product composition and the variation of the thermal properties of the liquid and gas phases along the microchannel length. A stable computational procedure has been devised for calculating fluid dynamic parameters of the two-phase flow. The effects of the synthesis gas flow rate and conversion, microchannel diameter, chain propagation constant, temperature, and pressure on the two-phase flow parameters and on the aerodynamic resistance of the gas have been investigated.
A Plasma-Switch Impedance Tuner for Real-Time, Frequency-Agile, High-Power Radar Transmitter Reconfiguration (2021)

Recent policy changes to the United States radar S-band allocation requires that radar transmitters share the 3.45 to 3.7 GHz range with fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication systems. As more radar spectrum is designated for sharing, reconfigurable high-power radar transmitters are needed that can maintain performance while quickly adjusting operating frequency. At the heart of a frequency-agile radar transmitter is a reconfigurable matching network, placed between the power amplifier and the antenna, that can maintain optimal range performance in real time by adaptively matching the antenna to the amplifier. Our impedance tuner consists of laser diodes illuminating semiconductor-plasma switches to selectively expose six microstrip stubs and has an octave tuning range from 2–4 GHz. Using an advanced tuning algorithm, the tuner can optimize output power in approximately 260 µs under control of a software-defined radio platform, an improvement of three orders of magnitude over presently available high-power tuning technologies.
Small Peptides as Modular Catalysts for the Direct Asymmetric Aldol Reaction: Ancient Peptides with Aldolase Enzyme Activity. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
D2.2 - Strain Transmission Characteristics of Steel Substrates for Additive Sensor Manufacturing with Selective Laser Melting (2017)

In this work we investigate the mechanical characteristics of steel substrates, manufactured with selective laser melting (SLM), for the use as deformation elements of force sensors. First, the influence of different build-up directions in the SLM process is validated with test geometries. The experiments show a significant anisotropy in terms of intrinsic tension and surface quality. Second, the strain transmission behavior of the SLM steel test sample (1.4542) is measured with a foil strain gauge using a 4-point flexure test. In comparison to conventionally rolled stainless steel test samples (RSS), both manufacturing techniques show deviations of approx. 3 % to ideal linear behavior.
Efficacy of Rizatriptan for Menstrual Migraine in an Early Intervention Model: A Prospective Subgroup Analysis of the Rizatriptan TAME (Treat A Migraine Early) Studies (2007)

Rizatriptan 10 mg was effective for the treatment of menstrual migraine in an early intervention model, as measured by 2-hour pain freedom. Rates of 2-hour pain freedom were comparable for patients treating menstrual and non-menstrual migraine attacks with rizatriptan.
Atomistic Insights of Irreversible Li+ Intercalation in MnO2 Electrode (2021)

Tunnel-structured MnO<sub>2</sub> represents open-framed electrode materials for reversible energy storage. Its wide application is limited by its poor cycling stability, whose structural origin is unclear. We tracked the structure evolution of β-MnO<sub>2</sub> upon Li<sup>+</sup> ion insertion/extraction by combining advanced in situ diagnostic tools at both electrode level (synchrotron X-ray scattering) and single-particle level (transmission electron microscopy). The instability is found to originate from a partially reversible phase transition between β-MnO<sub>2</sub> and orthorhombic LiMnO<sub>2</sub> upon lithiation, causing cycling capacity decay. Moreover, the MnO<sub>2</sub> /LiMnO<sub>2</sub> interface exhibits multiple arrow-headed disordered regions, which severely chop into the host and undermine its structural integrity. Our findings could account for the cycling instability of tunnel-structured materials, based on which future strategies should focus on tuning the charge transport kinetics toward performance enhancement.
Interaction of the Leukemogenic CALM/AF10 Fusion Protein with the Hematopoietic Key Regulator Ikaros. (2006)

Abstract The focus of our research group is the study of the t(10;11)(p13;q14) translocation that leads to the fusion of the proteins CALM and AF10. This translocation can be found in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (ALL) and also in malignant lymphomas. In some patients the t(10;11) is the only cytogenetic abnormality which indicates that the CALM/AF10 fusion is a causal event during leukemogenesis. Previous studies of our group have shown that the expression of CALM/AF10 in hematopoietic stem cells triggers the development of an aggressive leukemia in a murine bone marrow transplantation model. CALM (Clathrin Assembly Lymphoid Myeloid leukemia gene) has a function in Clathrin mediated endocytosis. AF10, a putative transcription factor with a PHD-Motive (Plant Homeo Domain) and a Leucine Zipper domain, was initially identified as fusion partner of MLL. The underlying mechanism of CALM/AF10 dependent leukemogenesis, however, remains mostly unknown. Recently we could show that AF10 interacts with the transcription factor Ikaros (ZNFN1A1) in yeast-two-hybrid assays. Interestingly, Ikaros is a key regulator of hematopoesis, required for normal differentiation and proliferation of B- and T-lymphocytes. The structure of the protein is characterized by a DNA-binding and an oligomerisation domain. Through interaction with many factors in the cell nucleus, Ikaros can act both as activator and repressor of transcription. In various forms of ALL as well as chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) an aberrant expression pattern of Ikaros has been found. In a murine model the expression of a dominant negative isoform of Ikaros causes leukemias and lymphomas. Using various AF10 deletion mutants in the yeast, the Ikaros interaction domain of AF10 was mapped to the Leucine Zipper domain of AF10 which has also been shown to be required for malignant transformation by the MLL/AF10 fusion protein. Overexpression of fluorescently labelled proteins reveals a similar distribution pattern of AF10 and Ikaros in the nucleus, whereas in the presence of CALM/AF10 Ikaros appears to be localized predominately in the cytoplasm. The interaction between AF10 and Ikaros has been confirmed by GST-pull-down assays. In order to further study this interaction and its role in leukemogenesis we have raised monoclonal antibodies against the C-terminus of AF10. These antibodies are currently established for Western Blot analysis and Immunoprecipitation experiments. Reporter gene assays are carried out to measure the impact of CALM/AF10 on Ikaros’ function as repressor or activator of transcription. These studies may provide new insights into the mechanism of CALM/AF10 induced leukemia and thereby facilitate the development of new therapies.