gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermal and Reliability Assessment for Wind Energy Systems With DSTATCOM Functionality in Resilient Microgrids (2016)

Different functionalities can be incorporated into wind energy conversion systems (WECSs) in resilient microgrids in order to reduce the total system cost and to assist their self-healing capability. Meanwhile, wind industry-based reliability surveys have addressed that power electronics components are the most vulnerable parts in WECS. Therefore, thermal stresses and lifetime consumption of WECS are critical factors for evaluating the added functionalities and for developing new control strategies as well. Almost all of the previous methodologies in the literature tackle the problem of lifetime assessment of WECS using only the behavior of wind generation profiles and reactive power injection, which is limited by grid codes. Subsequently, these approaches cannot efficiently achieve lifetime assessment in case of resilient microgrid operation and different load demands. This paper proposes a more convenient approach for thermal behavior, and lifetime assessment for WECSs that considers the influence of the added DSTATCOM functionality, and various modes of resilient microgrids operation. Moreover, the proposed approach utilizes a joint probability distribution function (JPDF) that combines both of the collected field data of wind generation and load demand levels as well. The feasibility of the proposed approach has been verified analytically and compared to the previously addressed approaches. It can be concluded that thermal behavior and reliability assessment of WECS are highly impacted by the added DSTATCOM functionality.
Flight Test of a Pseudo Ranging Signal Compatible with Existing Distance Measurement Equipment (DME) Ground Stations (2016)

Distance measuring equipment (DME) has been a cornerstone of aviation navigation since its development in the 1950s. Even today it is one of the most commonly used aviation navigation aid. However, the demands on aviation navigation systems will increase as the future airspace will need to accommodate the increased traffic, more precise operations and autonomous air vehicles. While GNSS will provide many of these improvements, terrestrial navigation systems will still play an important role in a robust aviation navigation infrastructure. Hence the FAA alternative positioning navigation and timing (APNT) program has been examining advanced concepts to improve on DME performance and capabilities while maintaining compatibility with existing equipment. One concept developed is a DME based pseudolite that position modulates existing DME pulse pairs. The pseudolite can operate alongside current DME operations and can be generated using the currently fielded DME transponders with an appliqué. The paper examines the implementation and performance of DME pseudolite appliqué on a DME transponder. It details the implementation of the appliqué on a currently available commercial DME/TACAN unit, the Moog MM-7000. The appliqué generates the pseudolite pulse pairs by interrogating the DME transponder in the same way an aircraft uses a DME. Rather than interrogating over-the-air, the system couples into the cable between the transponder and the antenna. Isolation components are added to prevent high power DME transmissions from damaging the circuitry of the applique while allowing the low power DME pseudolite signals to interrogate the DME transponder. To the DME transponder, the applique looks like another aircraft and does not have any priority over other transmissions. A preliminary design of the pseudolite signal was developed and implemented to provide synchronization, ranging, data and to account for losses due to having to operate with other aircraft interrogations. This design uses a software receiver to generate the interrogation and is tested on-air with the MM-7000. The performance of the unit was measured on the ground and on a test aircraft. The paper examines the synchronization and data performance of the transmitted DME pseudolite signal both in the air and on the ground. As we were operating on a test frequency, artificial traffic was injected to simulate a fully loaded DME. The paper compares the resulting performance to previously developed theoretical results.
Chondroitinase ABC/galectin-3 fusion proteins with hyaluronan-based hydrogels stabilize enzyme and provide targeted enzyme activity for neural applications (2021)

<i>Objective</i>. Chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent for central nervous system regeneration. Despite multiple beneficial outcomes for regeneration, translation of this enzyme is challenged by poor pharmacokinetics, localization, and stability.<i>Approach</i>. This study explored the function and<i>in vitro</i>application of engineered ChABC fused to galectin-3 (Gal3). Two previously developed ChABC-Gal3 oligomers (monomeric and trimeric) were evaluated for functionality and kinetics, then applied to an<i>in vitro</i>cellular outgrowth model using dorsal root ganglia (DRGs). The fusions were combined with two formulations of hyaluronan (HA)-based scaffolds to determine the extent of active enzyme release compared to wild type (WT) ChABC.<i>Main Results</i>. Monomeric and trimeric ChABC-Gal3 maintained digestive capabilities with kinetic properties that were substrate-dependent for chondroitin sulfates A, B, and C. The fusions had longer half-lives at 37 °C on the order of seven fold for monomer and twelve fold for trimer compared to WT. Both fusions were also effective at restoring DRG outgrowth<i>in vitro</i>. To create a combination approach, two triple-component hydrogels containing modified HA were formulated to match the mechanical properties of native spinal cord tissue and to support astrocyte viability (>80%) and adhesion. The hydrogels included collagen-I and laminin mixed with either 5 mg ml<sup>-1</sup>of glycidyl methacrylate HA or 3 mg ml<sup>-1</sup>Hystem. When combined with scaffolds, ChABC-Gal3 release time was lengthened compared to WT. Both fusions had measurable enzymatic activity for at least 10 d when incorporated in gels, compared to WT that lost activity after 1 d. These longer term release products from gels maintained adequate function to promote DRG outgrowth.<i>Significance</i>. Results of this study demonstrated cohesive benefits of two stabilized ChABC-Gal3 oligomers in combination with HA-based scaffolds for neural applications. Significant improvements to ChABC stability and release were achieved, meriting future studies of ChABC-Gal3/hydrogel combinations to target neural regeneration.
Multi-rate aware routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks (2004)

This paper introduces multi-rate aware routing scheme that helps to improve the resource utilization and to minimize the power consumption in mobile ad hoc networks (MANET). The existing MANET routing protocols (e.g., AODV, DSR, and TORA) attempt to minimize the number of hops between source-destination pairs. These routing protocols are all designed under the assumption of using only single data rate in the wireless channel (e.g., IEEE 802.11). Currently, 802.11b supports the various data rate, 11 Mbps, 5.5 Mbps, 2 Mbps and 1 Mbps according to channel conditions between mobile terminals, through several modulation schemes that are optimized for channel conditions. So if we utilize this multi-rate support from MAC and physical layers when packets are routed in mobile ad hoc networks, we can achieve better performance in throughput and resource utilization. In this paper, we propose a multi-rate aware sub layer (MAS), which is independent of IP protocol and enables the full utilization of the multi-rate channel characteristics. The key function of MAS is to change the next hop node to another node through which higher data rates are available, in the basis of two-hop neighbor information and link states. We show through simulation that multi-rate aware protocol outperforms traditional MANET routing protocols due to its utilization of multi-rate support.
Elektriksel Olarak Uyarilmiş Göğüs Modelinin Termal Görüntüleme Simülasyonlari Electrically Stimulated Breast Model's Thermal Imaging Simulations (2009)

Different tissues energy consuming values show differences from each other. Conductivity and metabolic heat source of the tissue alter whether it is healthy or not. The temperature differences of tissues take the thermal infrared imaging into very important and vital point. It was not possible to be able to detect these amounts of differences with the early instrumentation and technology. However, in recent years by the improvement of sensitivity of detectors and cameras it is now possible to sense these amounts of temperature differences. Infrared imaging has a limited performance for the breast cancer diagnosis which occurs especially due to patient moving. Nevertheless, this performance can be improved by applying low frequency currents in medical safety limits. By the help of current application, temperature differences of tissues which have different electrical and thermal properties can be increased and malignant tissue can be distinguished in the obtained thermal image. In this study, woman breast and cancerous tissue are two dimensionally modeled. By using realistic values for regular and cancerous tissue Pennes bio heat equation is solved with finite element method. Simulations are implemented for different tumor locations. Whenever malignant tissue approaches to the skin surface, higher temperature differences are obtained. Imaging performance is increased with current application and tumors can be sensed at 4.5 cm depth with the modern state-of-theart thermal infrared imagers (possess approximately 10 °mK sensitivity).
Antitumor efficacy, pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies of the anticancer peptide CIGB‐552 in mouse models (2014)

Accumulation of the COMMD1 protein as a druggable pharmacology event to target cancer cells has not been evaluated so far in cancer animal models. We have previously demonstrated that a second-generation peptide, with cell-penetrating capacity, termed CIGB-552, was able to induce apoptosis mediated by stabilization of COMMD1. Here, we explore the antitumor effect by subcutaneous administration of CIGB-552 in a therapeutic schedule. Outstandingly, a significant delay of tumor growth was observed at 0.2 and 0.7 mg/kg (p < 0.01) or 1.4 mg/kg (p < 0.001) after CIGB-552 administration in both syngeneic murine tumors and patient-derived xenograft models. Furthermore, we evidenced that (131)I-CIGB-552 peptide was actually accumulated in the tumors after administration by subcutaneous route. A typical serine-proteases degradation pattern for CIGB-552 in BALB/c mice serum was identified. Further, biological characterization of the main metabolites of the peptide CIGB-552 suggests that the cell-penetrating capacity plays an important role in the cytotoxic activity. This report is the first in describing the antitumor effect induced by systemic administration of a peptide that targets COMMD1 for stabilization. Moreover, our data reinforce the perspectives of CIGB-552 for cancer targeted therapy.
Interrelationship between Quinolizidine Alkaloid Producing Legumes and Infesting Insects: Exploitation of the Alkaloid- Containing Phloem Sap of Cytisus scoparius by the Broom Aphid Aphis cytisorum (1982)

Abstract Aphids (Aphis cytisorum) which infest broom plants (Cytisus scoparius) accumulate up to 500 μg alkaloid/g fr. wt. The alkaloids, which are similar to those of the plants, consist of 17-oxo-sparteine, sparteine, 12,13-dehydrosparteine, and lupanine. Infested plants contain &gt; 50% less alkaloids than aphid-free plants. In Lupinus aphid resistance which is due to their high alkaloid content is more expressed: Whereas bitter varieties are free from aphids, only the sweet alkaloid-free plants are susceptible to aphid infestation. The accumulation of alkaloids in aphids indicates that the quinolizidine alkaloids are translocated via the phloem in legume plants. This assumption is supported by direct evidence: analysis of phloem sap from Lupinus contains up to 5 mg alkaloid whereas xylem sap is virtually free of alkaloids. The interrelationship between quinolizidine alkaloids and hervivores is discussed.
Observation of the decay $B_{s}^{0} \to η_{c} φ$ and evidence for $B_{s}^{0} \to η_{c} π^{+} π^{-} $ (2017)

A study of $B^{0}_{s} \to \eta_{c} \phi$ and $B^{0}_{s} \to \eta_{c} \pi^{+}\pi^{-}$ decays is performed using $pp$ collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0$\,\rm fb^{-1}$, collected with the LHCb detector in Run~1 of the LHC. The observation of the decay $B^{0}_{s} \to \eta_{c} \phi$ is reported, where the $\eta_{c}$ meson is reconstructed in the $p\bar p$, $K^+K^-\pi^+\pi^-$, $\pi^+\pi^-\pi^+\pi^-$ and $K^+K^-K^+K^-$ decay modes and the $\phi(1020)$ in the $K^+ K^-$ decay mode. The decay $B^{0}_{s} \to J/\psi \phi$ is used as a normalisation channel. Evidence is also reported for the decay $B^{0}_{s} \to \eta_{c} \pi^{+}\pi^{-}$, where the $\eta_{c}$ meson is reconstructed in the $p\bar p$ decay mode, using the decay $B^{0}_{s} \to J/\psi \pi^+ \pi^-$ as a normalisation channel. The measured branching fractions are \begin{eqnarray*} {\mathcal B (B^{0}_{s} \to \eta_{c} \phi)} &=& \left(5.01 \pm 0.53 \pm 0.27 \pm 0.63 \right) \times 10^{-4} \,, \nonumber {\mathcal B (B^{0}_{s} \to \eta_{c} \pi^+ \pi^-)} &=& \left(1.76 \pm 0.59 \pm 0.12 \pm 0.29 \right) \times 10^{-4} \,, \end{eqnarray*} where in each case the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third uncertainty is due to the limited knowledge of the external branching fractions.
A Study on the Reliability and Stability of High Voltage 4H-SiC MOSFET Devices (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
EBV-induced gene 3 augments IL-23Rα protein expression through a chaperone calnexin (2020)

Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 3 (EBI3) is a subunit common to IL-27, IL-35, and IL-39. Here, we explore an intracellular role of EBI3 that is independent of its function in cytokines. EBI3-deficient naive CD4+ T cells had reduced IFN-γ production and failed to induce T cell-dependent colitis in mice. Similarly reduced IFN-γ production was observed in vitro in EBI3-deficient CD4+ T cells differentiated under pathogenic Th17 polarizing conditions with IL-23. This is because the induction of expression of one of the IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) subunits, IL-23Rα, but not another IL-23R subunit, IL-12Rβ1, was selectively decreased at the protein level, but not the mRNA level. EBI3 augmented IL-23Rα expression via binding to the chaperone molecule calnexin and to IL-23Rα in a peptide-dependent manner, but not a glycan-dependent manner. Indeed, EBI3 failed to augment IL-23Rα expression in the absence of endogenous calnexin. Moreover, EBI3 poorly augmented the expression of G149R, an IL-23Rα variant that protects against the development of human colitis, because binding of EBI3 to the variant was reduced. Taken together with the result that EBI3 expression is inducible in T cells, the present results suggest that EBI3 plays a critical role in augmenting IL-23Rα protein expression via calnexin under inflammatory conditions.
Manifestation of Cu Impurities on Silicon Surfaces, Implication for Monitoring Cu Contamination (2007)

The electrical manifestations of Cu on silicon surfaces were investigated using Contact Potential Difference (CPD) and ac-Surface Photovoltage (SPV) measurements of Si intentionally contaminated with Cu. The corresponding physical model involves Cu-induced surface states. The Cu-induced negative surface charge is manifested by an increase of the work function and a decrease of the surface depletion barrier,Vsb, in p-type Si and an increase in n-type Si. The SPV manifestation of Cu is a decrease of the surface lifetime, tau s. These manifestations should enable Cu monitoring within the 1e8 atom/cm2 range. In practice, this limit is not reached because only a small fraction of surface Cu is electrically active. This obstacle is overcome using an optical surface treatment that electrically activates surface Cu and isolates the Cu contribution. With this approach we demonstrated Cu detection in the 1e9 atoms/cm2 range using Vsb and in the 1e10 atoms/cm2 range using tau s.
When the Desert Beetle Met the Carnivorous Plant: A Perfect Match for Droplet Growth and Shedding (2017)

Phase change of vapor followed by coalescence and transport on ubiquitous bumped or curved surfaces is of fundamental importance for a wide range of phenomena and applications from water condensation on cold beverage bottles, to fogging on glasses and windshields, self-cleaning by jumping droplets, weathering, self-assembly, desalination, latent heat transfer, etc. Over the past decades, many attempts to understand and control the droplet growth dynamics and shedding of condensates on textured surfaces have focused on finding the role of micro/nanotexture combined with wettability. In particular, inspired by the Namib desert beetle bump structure, studies tested the effect of topography on the preferential condensation. However, like the preferential condensation observed on flat surfaces, hybrid wettability rather than texture plays a major role; the role of bump topography on local preferential condensation has been unexplored and still not clearly understood. In addition, given that not only facilitating the droplet growth but also transporting the condensed droplets toward the desired reservoir is essential to make fresh sites for renucleation and regrowth of the droplets for enhancing condensation efficiency, the current hybrid-wettability- based design is not efficient to transport the condensates due to the high contact angle hysteresis created by highly wettable pinning points. Here we show that beetle-inspired bump topography leads faster localized condensation and transport of water. Employing simple analytic and more complicated numerical calculations, we reveal the detailed role of topography and predict the focused diffusion flux based on the distortion of concentration gradient around convex surface topography. We experimentally demonstrate the systematic understanding on the unseen effect of topographical parameters on faster droplet growth dynamics on various bump geometries. Further rational design of asymmetric topography and synergetic combination with slippery coating simultaneously enable both faster droplet growth and transport for applications including efficient water condensation.
Computational Prediction of the Binding Pose of Metal-Binding Pharmacophores (2022)

Computational modeling of inhibitors for metalloenzymes in virtual drug development campaigns has proven challenging. To overcome this limitation, a technique for predicting the binding pose of metal-binding pharmacophores (MBPs) is presented. Using a combination of density functional theory (DFT) calculations and docking using a genetic algorithm, inhibitor binding was evaluated in silico and compared with inhibitor-enzyme cocrystal structures. The predicted binding poses were found to be consistent with the cocrystal structures. The computational strategy presented represents a useful tool for predicting metalloenzyme-MBP interactions.
Alan Sartorelli: A Personal Remembrance (2015)

Dr. Alan Sartorelli, who died on April 30, 2015, at the age of 84, was a major figure in cancer pharmacology and cancer drug development.
Low-cost solar simulator design for multi-junction solar cells in space applications (2014)

Multi-junction solar cells are commonly used in space applications where they are exposed to the air mass 0 (AM0) spectrum. Solar simulators are used to emulate the AM0 spectrum for ground testing of the solar cells before the space application is launched. A low-cost solar simulator was designed using LEDs for the visible spectrum and halogen lamps for the infrared spectrum. A design procedure is provided to determine the intensity and geometry of the lights needed to meet spectral match and spatial uniformity requirements. The presented solar simulator design is adequate for testing GaInP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /GaAs/Ge triple-junction solar cells intended for use in a cube satellite application and has a significantly lower cost than commercially-available solar simulators.
Measurement-based parameter adaptation of wideband spatial mobile radio channel models (2002)

A prerequisite for the performance analysis and optimization of future mobile radio systems applying directional diversity or adaptive array techniques is the availability of realistic channel models which explicitly take into account the spatially inhomogeneous distribution of partial waves. Unfortunately, recent proposals for such spatial channel models based on a statistical approach have not yet been verified to be realistic. Moreover, the behaviour of said models is determined by more or less arbitrarily choosing the model parameters. Wideband measurements of channel impulse responses which include unambiguous information about the directions-of-arrival in the azimuth are used to adapt parameters of a statistical spatial channel model. Results for the spectral efficiency of the uplink in a joint detection CDMA mobile radio system using directional diversity are presented which were derived by simulations based on such a parameterized spatial channel model.
A framework for rapid evaluation of prototypes with augmented reality (2000)

In this paper we present a new framework in Augmented Reality context for rapid evaluation of prototypes before manufacture. The design of such prototypes is a time consuming process, leading t o the need of previous evaluation in realistic interactive environments. We have extended the definition of modelling object geometry with modelling object behaviour being able to evaluate them in a mixed environment. Such enhancements allow the development of tools and methods to test object behaviour, and perform interactions between real virtual humans and complex real and virtual objects.We propose a framework for testing the design of objects i an augmented reality context, where a virtual human is able to perform evaluation tests with an object composed of rea and virtual components. In this paper our framework is described and a case study is presented.
Pitfalls in Humeral Stem Insertion and Humeral Head Sizing in Total Shoulder Arthroplasty (2000)

1Department of Orthopaedics University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. 2Department of Orthopaedics Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Joseph P. Iannotti, Department of Orthopaedics, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Tunable Er^3+-doped fiber amplifiers covering S and C+L bands over 1490-1610 nm based on discrete fundamental-mode cutoff filters (2006)

We demonstrate thermo-optically tunable Er3+-doped fiber amplifiers covering S and C+L bands (1490-1610 nm) using fundamental-mode cutoff filters discretely located in a 17.5 m long standard Er3+-doped fiber. The material dispersion and waveguide structure of the tapered fibers are locally modified to produce high-cutoff-efficiency filters that make the unwanted amplified spontaneous emission highly attenuated at the longer wavelengths, and the optical gain is thus moved toward the shorter wavelengths. The maximal signal gains are measured to be 18.92, 37.18, and 15.19 dB with 980 nm pump power of 135 mW in the S, C, and L bands, respectively.