gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oxidative Stress and TGF-β2 Increase Heat Shock Protein 27 Expression in Human Optic Nerve Head Astrocytes (2008)

Oxidative stress increased TGF-beta2 secretion in cultured human ONH astrocytes. Both H(2)O(2) and TGF-beta2 increased Hsp27 expression via p38MAP kinase activation. Therefore, it is tempting to speculate that reduction of oxidative stress and TGF-beta2 may help to minimize the incidence of characteristic changes in the ONH of patients with glaucoma.
Spatial Computing and Intuitive Interaction: Bringing Mixed Reality and Robotics Together (2022)

Spatial computing—the ability of devices to be aware of their surroundings and to represent this digitally—offers novel capabilities in human–robot interaction. In particular, the combination of spatial computing and egocentric sensing on mixed reality (MR) devices enables robots to capture and understand human behaviors and translate them to actions with spatial meaning, which offers exciting possibilities for collaboration between people and machines. This article presents several human–robot systems that utilize these capabilities to enable novel use cases: mission planning for inspection, gesture-based control, and immersive teleoperation. These works demonstrate the power of MR as a tool for human–robot interaction and the potential of spatial computing and MR to drive future developments.
Novel mechanism of glucocorticoid-mediated gene repression. Nuclear factor-kappa B is target for glucocorticoid-mediated interleukin 8 gene repression. (1994)

A glucocorticoid, dexamethasone, inhibited the production of a leukocyte chemotactic cytokine, interleukin 8 (IL-8), as well as mRNA expression by a glioblastoma cell line, T98G, stimulated with interleukin 1 (IL-1). Dexamethasone also inhibited IL-8 promoter-driven chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) activities induced by IL-1, suggesting that dexamethasone inhibited IL-8 production mainly at the transcriptional level. Moreover, CAT assay revealed that the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) binding site was the crucial cis-element required for conferring IL-1 responsiveness in conjunction with the CCAAT enhancer binding protein/nuclear factor-IL-6 (NF-IL6) and/or the AP-1 binding site(s). Mutation of either the AP-1 or NF-IL6 binding site did not abolish IL-8 gene repression by dexamethasone, suggesting that these sites were not targets for dexamethasone. Trimerized kappa B sequence in the IL-8 gene was enough for conferring the induction by IL-1 and inhibition by dexamethasone of CAT activity. Finally, dexamethasone diminished the IL-1-induced formation of NF-kappa B complexes, which were identified immunochemically to consist of p50 and p65, without reducing the amount of translocated factors. Collectively, dexamethasone interfered with the binding of the most essential transcription factor, NF-kappa B, to its cognate cis-element, thereby suppressing the transcription of IL-8 gene.
Enhanced phosphor conversion efficiency of GaN-based white light-emitting diodes having dichroic-filtering contacts (2013)

White light-emitting diodes (LEDs) based on the combination of a GaN-based blue LED chip and a yellow phosphor layer suffer from a low phosphor conversion efficiency (PCE) because a significant amount of the yellow fluorescence is emitted towards the blue LED chip where the fluorescence is partially absorbed. In this study, we greatly enhanced the PCE of a white LED by embedding a dichroic-filtering contact (DFC) which multi-functioned as a blue-transmitting but yellow-reflecting optical filter as well as a low-resistance ohmic contact to p-type GaN. Electrically conductive DFCs consisting of alternating layers of dense and nanoporous indium-tin-oxide were designed using a genetic algorithm optimization method, and experimentally realized by the oblique-angle deposition technique, which enables tuning of the refractive index of a single material. GaInN/GaN multiple quantum well LEDs with 3- and 5-layer DFCs show much enhanced PCEs, by 9.8% and 17.7%, respectively, while maintaining favorable electrical properties. In addition, the possibility of eliminating the trade-off between the color temperature and the luminous efficacy of typical warm-white LEDs by using a DFC is discussed.
MED29, a component of the mediator complex, possesses both oncogenic and tumor suppressive characteristics in pancreatic cancer (2011)

Mediator complex subunit 29 (MED29) is part of a large multiprotein coactivator complex that mediates regulatory signals from gene-specific activators to general transcription machinery in RNA polymerase II mediated transcription. We previously found that MED29 is amplified and overexpressed in pancreatic cancer and that MED29 silencing leads to decreased cell survival in PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cells with high MED29 expression. Here we further demonstrate decreased migration, invasion and colony formation in PANC-1 cells after MED29 silencing. Unexpectedly, lentiviral-based overexpression of MED29 led to decreased proliferation of NIH/3T3 cells as well as MIAPaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells with low endogenous expression. More importantly, subcutaneous inoculation of the MED29-transduced pancreatic cancer cells into immuno-compromised mice resulted in dramatic tumor suppression. The mock-control mice developed large tumors, whereas the animals with MED29-xenografts showed both decreased tumor incidence and a major reduction in tumor size. Gene expression analysis in the MED29-transduced pancreatic cancer cells revealed differential expression of genes involved in control of cell cycle and cell division. The observed gene expression changes are expected to modulate the cell cycle in a way that leads to reduced cell growth, explaining the in vivo tumor suppressive phenotype. Taken together, these data implicate MED29 as an important regulator of key cellular functions in pancreatic cancer with both oncogenic and tumor suppressive characteristics. Such a dualistic role appears to be more common than previously thought and is likely to depend on the genetic background of the cancer cells and their surrounding environment.
ChemInform Abstract: Polar Effects in Free‐radical Reactions. New Synthetic Developments in the Functionalization of Heteroaromatic Bases by Nucleophilic Radicals. (1986)

Abstract Am Beispiel des Lepidins (I) werden verschiedene Verfahren zur direkten Substitution von protonierten heteroaromatischen Basen durch nucleophil‐e C‐Radikale untersucht.
Phenanthroline Covalent Organic Framework Electrodes for High-Performance Zinc-Ion Supercapattery (2020)

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries and capacitors are potentially competitive grid-scale energy storage devices because of their great features such as safety, environmental friendliness, and low cost. Herein, a completely new phenanthroline covalent organic framework (PA-COF) was synthesized and introduced in zinc-ion supercapatteries (ZISs) for the first time. Our as-synthesized PA-COF shows a high capacity of 247 mAh g-1 at a current density of 0.1 A g-1, with only 0.38% capacity decay per cycle during 10â€»000 cycles at a current density of 1.0 A g-1. Although covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are attracting great attention in many fields, our PA-COF has been synthesized using a new strategy involving the condensation reaction of hexaketocyclohexanone and 2,3,7,8-phenazinetetramine. Detailed mechanistic investigations, through experimental and theoretical methods, reveal that the phenanthroline functional groups in PA-COF are the active zinc ion storage sites. Furthermore, we provide evidence for the cointercalation of Zn2+ (60%) and H+ (40%) into PA-COF using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy and deuterium solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). We believe that this study opens a new avenue for COF material design for zinc-ion storage in aqueous ZISs.
Finding the bottom and using it: Offsets and sensitivity in the detection of low intensity values in vivo with 2-photon microscopy (2014)

Maximizing 2-photon parameters used in acquiring images for quantitative intravital microscopy, especially when high sensitivity is required, remains an open area of investigation. Here we present data on correctly setting the black level of the photomultiplier tube amplifier by adjusting the offset to allow for accurate quantitation of low intensity processes. When the black level is set too high some low intensity pixel values become zero and a nonlinear degradation in sensitivity occurs rendering otherwise quantifiable low intensity values virtually undetectable. Initial studies using a series of increasing offsets for a sequence of concentrations of fluorescent albumin in vitro revealed a loss of sensitivity for higher offsets at lower albumin concentrations. A similar decrease in sensitivity, and therefore the ability to correctly determine the glomerular permeability coefficient of albumin, occurred in vivo at higher offset. Finding the offset that yields accurate and linear data are essential for q...
PANCREATIC CANCER CELL CYCLE ARREST AND APOPTOSIS ARE INDUCED BY A NOVEL DEPSIPEPTIDE SANSALVAMIDE ANALOGUE (2005)

Multiple chemotherapeutic agents have been used in pancreatic cancer without success. Sansalvamide A, the product of a marine fungus, has anti-cancer effects in several tumor cell lines, but has little effect in pancreatic cancer cells. We hypothesized that methylated and brominated, cyclic depsipeptide analogues of sansalvamide A would more potently inhibit human pancreatic cancer cell growth. Two human pancreatic cancer cell lines (AsPC-1 and S2-013) were treated with sansalvamide analogues (0.1-100 μM). Proliferation was measured by 3H-thymidine incorporation and cell counting at different time points (24-72 h). Cell cycle analysis was determined by flow cytometry with propidium iodide DNA staining. Cell cycle-associated proteins were investigated by western blotting. Apoptosis was confirmed by annexin-binding assay. Several sansalvamide analogues inhibited pancreatic cancer cell growth. The most potent analogue caused time- and concentration-dependent inhibition of DNA synthesis (46% decrease in AsPC-1 at 24 hours with 1 μM, P < 0.01) and cell proliferation (93% decrease in AsPC-1 at 72 hours with 10 μM, P < 0.01) with similar results in S2-013. This analogue induced G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest similarly in both cell lines (S2-013 control 55.8% vs treated 75.9%, P < 0.002). The analogue reduced expression of cyclin E and cdk2, and induced expression of p21WAF1; all proteins that are involved in regulation of G0/G1 transition. The sansalvamide analogue increased the number of apoptotic cells in both cell lines (AsPC-1 control 5.6% vs analogue 20.6%, P = 0.03). Novel cyclic depsipeptide sansalvamide analogues inhibit growth of pancreatic cancer cells through suppression of cyclin E-associated cdk2 activity and G0/G1 arrest. Since they are structurally stable and exhibit potent anticancer effects, sansalvamide analogues may be valuable for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Measurement of polar anchoring coefficient for nematic cell with high pretilt angle (1995)

A method to determine the surface anchoring energy of a nematic liquid crystal is proposed. The technique implies the measurements of optical retardation of a nematic cell as a function of a strength and direction of the applied magnetic field. It enables one to get both pretilt angle α and anchoring coefficient Wa in the course of the same experiment. As an example, both parameters (α=10.9° and Wa=1.5×10−5 J/m2) are measured at the interface between the nematic 5CB and rubbed polyimide film.
The ‘double transition’: a novel electrocardiogram sign to discriminate posteroseptal accessory pathways ablated from the right endocardium from those requiring a left-sided or epicardial coronary venous approach (2020)

The combination of a q wave in V1 with a double QRS transition pattern in the precordial leads is highly specific of a right endocardial AP and rules out the need for CS or left-sided mapping.
Expanding CRISPR repertoire using CjCas9 as a smaller editing tool (2022)

The field of gene editing continues to expand significantly and is entering a time of unprecedented utility. Academia and industry look to conquer genetic-based disease with viral and non-viral-delivered CRISPR-Cas9. The most widely used Cas9 protein is derived from <i>Streptococcus pyrogenes</i> (SpCas9), which lends itself to being too large for AAV viral delivery. Cas9 orthologue proteins have diverse size and dependent on bacteria of origin. This diversity has given rise to Cas9 proteins smaller in size while maintaining gene editing abilities. In this article, authors have focused on the use of CjCas9, whose smaller size allows for packaging in AAV and maintains high on-target gene editing. The locus APOC3 was identified for eventual targeting/integration in humans where cardioprotective properties are predicted. To confirm <i>in vivo</i> targeting of this locus, a humanized mouse model was developed due to the absence of the APOC3 locus in mice. These studies looked to answer long-standing questions on integrated gene stability, promoter/low gene integration, and the duration of therapeutic efficacy of the integrated gene.
Pyridoxine resistance in a rat hepatoma cell line. (1982)

The natural vitamin, pyridoxine, in the millimolar range is toxic to cultured rat hepatoma cells. A pyridoxine-resistant Fu5-5 rat hepatoma cell line was established by a stepwise increase in the concentration of pyridoxine in the medium. The newly established cell line, referred to as clone 10 (Cl.10), is resistant to killing by pyridoxine in concentrations up to 5 mM. Saturation kinetics for the uptake of [3H]pyridoxine into Fu5-5 and Cl.10 cells revealed that Fu5-5 cells take up 10 times more [3H]pyridoxine than do Cl.10 cells. Whereas the Vmax value for the uptake of [3H]pyridoxine was the same for both cell lines, the apparent Km for the Cl.10 cells was 12.5 microM compared to 0.71 microM for the Fu5-5 cells. However, intracellular levels of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate were 69% higher in Cl.10 cells than in the parental line. The resistant line is neither a permeability mutant nor deficient in pyridoxal kinase. Cl.10 cells contain 37% more adenosine 5'-triphosphate than do Fu5-5 cells and have a mitochondrial volume that is 50% greater than that of the parental line. In the absence of pyridoxine in the medium, Cl.10 cells revert to parental type with respect to pyridoxine uptake but not with respect to resistance to killing. They also maintain an enlarged mitochondrial volume. Thus, increased mitochondrial volume may be related to the development of resistance to high levels of pyridoxine.
Age-stratified seroprevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in the pre- and post-vaccination era, February 2020–March 2022, Japan (2022)

Abstract Japan has reported a small number of COVID-19 cases relative to other countries. Because not all infected people receive diagnostic tests for COVID-19, the reported number of COVID-19 cases must be lower than the actual number of infections. Assessments of the presence of antibodies against the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 can retrospectively determine the history of natural infection and vaccination. In this study, we assessed SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence by analyzing over 60,000 samples collected in Japan from February 2020 to March 2022. The results showed that about 5% of the Japanese population had been infected with the virus by January 2021. The seroprevalence increased with the administration of vaccinations to adults; however, among the elderly, it was not as high as the vaccination rate, probably due to poor immune responses to the vaccines and waning immunity. The infection was spread during the epidemic waves caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants among children who were not eligible for vaccination. Nevertheless, their seroprevalence was as low as 10% as of March 2022. Our study underscores the low incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Japan and the effects of vaccination on immunity at the population level.
Effect of the Microstructure on the Fatigue Strength of Highly Densified Sintered Steel (2010)

We have already reported that die wall lubricated warm compaction followed by high temperature sintering enabled the high sintered density above 7.7 Mg/m3 and the excellent tensile strength of 2200 MPa.In order to improve the mechanical property of highly densified sintered steel, we have tried to control the microstructure by the combination of fine and coarse powders of different chemistry, and production of composite structure of ductile martensite as a matrix and hard martensite in the sinter-neck regions proved to be an effective method to increase the tensile strength.In this paper, the effect of the microstructure on the rotating bending fatigue strength of the highly densified sintered steel was investigated. In case of bright quenching and tempering, the endurance limit of the composite structure was 580 MPa which was the same as the single-phase structure. The crack origin was the large residual pore which consisted of some adjacent residual pores. In case of carburized quenching and tempering, the endurance limit of the composite structure was 615 MPa less than the fatigue strength of wrought steel at 107 cycles, and the crack origin was the grain boundary near the specimen surface.
Limonene-1,2-Epoxide Hydrolase from Rhodococcus erythropolis DCL14 Belongs to a Novel Class of Epoxide Hydrolases (1998)

An epoxide hydrolase from Rhodococcus erythropolis DCL14 catalyzes the hydrolysis of limonene-1,2-epoxide to limonene-1,2-diol. The enzyme is induced when R. erythropolis is grown on monoterpenes, reflecting its role in the limonene degradation pathway of this microorganism. Limonene-1,2-epoxide hydrolase was purified to homogeneity. It is a monomeric cytoplasmic enzyme of 17 kDa, and its N-terminal amino acid sequence was determined. No cofactor was required for activity of this colorless enzyme. Maximal enzyme activity was measured at pH 7 and 50 degrees C. None of the tested inhibitors or metal ions inhibited limonene-1,2-epoxide hydrolase activity. Limonene-1,2-epoxide hydrolase has a narrow substrate range. Of the compounds tested, only limonene-1,2-epoxide, 1-methylcyclohexene oxide, cyclohexene oxide, and indene oxide were substrates. This report shows that limonene-1,2-epoxide hydrolase belongs to a new class of epoxide hydrolases based on (i) its low molecular mass, (ii) the absence of any significant homology between the partial amino acid sequence of limonene-1,2-epoxide hydrolase and amino acid sequences of known epoxide hydrolases, (iii) its pH profile, and (iv) the inability of 2-bromo-4'-nitroacetophenone, diethylpyrocarbonate, 4-fluorochalcone oxide, and 1, 10-phenanthroline to inhibit limonene-1,2-epoxide hydrolase activity.
Resonance Tuning in Rhythmic Arm Movements (1996)

The hypothesis was tested that the preferred frequency of rhythmic movement corresponds to the resonant frequency of the muscle-limb system, as proposed by the hybrid spring-pendulum model (Kugler Turvey, 1987). In contrast to previous studies, the resonant frequency and stiffness of the system were estimated independently, which permitted quantitative predictions of the preferred frequency to be made. Human subjects (N = 5) were asked to oscillate their forearms in the vertical plane at their preferred frequency under conditions of added mass and external spring loading. Subjects also oscillated their arms at frequencies below and above the preferred frequency, which enabled the investigators to estimate the resonant frequency and stiffness of the elbow joint by using the phase transfer method (Viviani, Soechting, Terzuolo, 1976). The preferred frequency corresponded to the resonant frequency of the muscle-limb system under each condition, as predicted. The oscillation amplitude varied inversely with the preferred frequency, which was also predicted. Finally, the internal joint stiffness was modulated so that it matched the impedance of the external springs but was unaffected by added mass. The results are consistent with an autonomous oscillator model that incorporates proprioception about the dynamics of the periphery.
A Bibliography on the Topic of Existence (1976)

This is a bibliography on the philosophical topic of existence or being. Nearly all the works listed are in English, and most of them are works that have been published in this century. Many of the works listed also deal with other, but closely related, topics: e.g., identity, truth, essence, substance, predication, intentional objects, properties and relations, reference, quantification, and the ontological argument for the existence of God.
Early treatment with FCR versus watch and wait in patients with stage Binet A high-risk chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL): a randomized phase 3 trial (2020)

We report a randomized prospective phase 3 study (CLL7), designed to evaluate the efficacy of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab (FCR) in patients with an early-stage high-risk chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Eight hundred patients with untreated-stage Binet A disease were enrolled as intent-to-treat population and assessed for four prognostic markers: lymphocyte doubling time <12 months, serum thymidine kinase >10 U/L, unmutated IGHV genes, and unfavorable cytogenetics (del(11q)/del(17p)/trisomy 12). Two hundred and one patients with ≥2 risk features were classified as high-risk CLL and 1:1 randomized to receive either immediate therapy with 6xFCR (Hi-FCR, 100 patients), or to be observed according to standard of care (Hi-W&W, 101 patients). The overall response rate after early FCR was 92.7%. Common adverse events were hematological toxicities and infections (61.0%/41.5% of patients, respectively). After median observation time of 55.6 (0-99.2) months, event-free survival was significantly prolonged in Hi-FCR compared with Hi-W&W patients (median not reached vs. 18.5 months, p < 0.001). There was no significant overall survival benefit for high-risk patients receiving early FCR therapy (5-year OS 82.9% in Hi-FCR vs. 79.9% in Hi-W&W, p = 0.864). In conclusion, although FCR is efficient to induce remissions in the Binet A high-risk CLL, our data do not provide evidence that alters the current standard of care "watch and wait" for these patients.
Integrated Layer Processing Can Be Hazardous to Your Performance (1997)

Integrated Layer Processing (ILP) has been presented as an implementation technique to improve communication protocol performance by reducing the number of memory references. Previous research has however not pointed out that in some circumstances ILP can significantly increase the number of memory references, resulting in lower communication throughput. We explore the performance effects of applying ILP to data manipulation functions with varying characteristics. The functions are generated from a set of parameters including input and output block size, state size and number of instructions. We present experimental data for varying function state sizes, number of integrated functions and instruction counts. The results clearly show that the aggregated state of the functions must fit in registers for ILP to be competitive.