gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An influenza hemagglutinin stem nanoparticle vaccine induces cross-group 1 neutralizing antibodies in healthy adults (2023)

Influenza vaccines could be improved by platforms inducing cross-reactive immunity. Immunodominance of the influenza hemagglutinin (HA) head in currently licensed vaccines impedes induction of cross-reactive neutralizing stem-directed antibodies. A vaccine without the variable HA head domain has the potential to focus the immune response on the conserved HA stem. This first-in-human dose-escalation open-label phase 1 clinical trial (NCT03814720) tested an HA stabilized stem ferritin nanoparticle vaccine (H1ssF) based on the H1 HA stem of A/New Caledonia/20/1999. Fifty-two healthy adults aged 18 to 70 years old enrolled to receive either 20 μg of H1ssF once (<i>n</i> = 5) or 60 μg of H1ssF twice (<i>n</i> = 47) with a prime-boost interval of 16 weeks. Thirty-five (74%) 60-μg dose participants received the boost, whereas 11 (23%) boost vaccinations were missed because of public health restrictions in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. The primary objective of this trial was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of H1ssF, and the secondary objective was to evaluate antibody responses after vaccination. H1ssF was safe and well tolerated, with mild solicited local and systemic reactogenicity. The most common symptoms included pain or tenderness at the injection site (<i>n</i> = 10, 19%), headache (<i>n</i> = 10, 19%), and malaise (<i>n</i> = 6, 12%). We found that H1ssF elicited cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies against the conserved HA stem of group 1 influenza viruses, despite previous H1 subtype head-specific immunity. These responses were durable, with neutralizing antibodies observed more than 1 year after vaccination. Our results support this platform as a step forward in the development of a universal influenza vaccine.
Superresolved imaging architectures with volume holograms (1999)

In classical optical imaging systems, lenses perform an analog processing function: they bring the image in focus by compensating the quadratic phase error added to the wavefront by free-space propagation. Because of the surface nature of optical wavefronts, such systems can acquire only 2D projections of 3D real objects. Higher-dimensional images (depth in combination with color, time evolution, etc.) require sampling of several intensity distributions, either by mechanical scanning of a single detector or by multiple detectors operating in parallel.
Experimental demonstration of angular momentum-dependent topological transport using a transmission line network (2019)

Novel classical wave phenomenon analogs of the quantum spin Hall effect are mostly based on the construction of pseudo-spins. Here we show that the non-trivial topology of a system can also be realized using orbital angular momentum through a coupling between the angular momentum and the wave vector. The idea is illustrated with a tight-binding model and experimentally demonstrated with a transmission line network. We show experimentally that even a very small network cluster exhibits angular momentum-dependent one-way topological edge states, and their properties can be described in terms of local Chern numbers. Our work provides a new mechanism to realize counterparts of the quantum spin Hall effect in classical waves and may offer insights for other systems.
Secure Ownership Transfer for the Internet of Things (2020)

With the increasing number of IoT devices deployed, the problem of switching ownership of devices is becoming more apparent. Especially, there is a need for transfer protocols not only addressing a single unit ownership transfer but secure transfer of a complete infrastructure of IoT units including also resource constraint devices. In this paper we present our novel ownership transfer protocol for an infrastructure of IoT devices. The protocol is light-weight as it only uses symmetric key operations on the IoT side. The ownership transfer protocol is carefully security evaluated both using a theoretical analysis and with automatic protocol verification. In addition, we show the feasibility of the ownership transfer protocol through a proof of concept implementation including performance figures.
Design and Fracture of Layered Al 2 O 3 /TZ3Y Composites Produced by Electrophoretic Deposition (2001)

Alumina/yttria‐stablized tetragonal zirconia (Al 2 O 3 /TZ3Y) multilayer composites with strong interfaces and containing residual stresses were produced by electrophoretic deposition. As‐synthesized and Vickers‐indented samples with different layering designs have been tested in bending (up to 1300°C) to experimentally define conditions for crack deflection and flaw tolerance. The compressive residual stress in the Al 2 O 3 layers (ς r ) is a function of layer thickness ( t ). It was found that the parameter ς r 2 t is an effective indicator of the fracture behavior, as predicted by strain energy release calculations. With decreasing ς r 2 t , the fracture followed a sequence from spontaneous delamination, multistage fracture with extensive crack deflection, to catastrophic failure with, and finally without, deflection steps. Decrease of ς r with increasing test temperature causes changes in fracture behavior which correspond to the room‐temperature transitions of ς r 2 t .
Mutations in the calcium-related gene IL1RAPL1 are associated with autism (2008)

In a systematic sequencing screen of synaptic genes on the X chromosome, we have identified an autistic female without mental retardation (MR) who carries a de novo frameshift Ile367SerfsX6 mutation in Interleukin-1 Receptor Accessory Protein-Like 1 (IL1RAPL1), a gene implicated in calcium-regulated vesicle release and dendrite differentiation. We showed that the function of the resulting truncated IL1RAPL1 protein is severely altered in hippocampal neurons, by measuring its effect on neurite outgrowth activity. We also sequenced the coding region of the close related member IL1RAPL2 and of NCS-1/FREQ, which physically interacts with IL1RAPL1, in a cohort of subjects with autism. The screening failed to identify non-synonymous variant in IL1RAPL2, whereas a rare missense (R102Q) in NCS-1/FREQ was identified in one autistic patient. Furthermore, we identified by comparative genomic hybridization a large intragenic deletion of exons 3-7 of IL1RAPL1 in three brothers with autism and/or MR. This deletion causes a frameshift and the introduction of a premature stop codon, Ala28GlufsX15, at the very beginning of the protein. All together, our results indicate that mutations in IL1RAPL1 cause a spectrum of neurological impairments ranging from MR to high functioning autism.
Bacterial extracellular vesicle applications in cancer immunotherapy (2022)

Cancer therapy is undergoing a paradigm shift toward immunotherapy focusing on various approaches to activate the host immune system. As research to identify appropriate immune cells and activate anti-tumor immunity continues to expand, scientists are looking at microbial sources given their inherent ability to elicit an immune response. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) are actively studied to control systemic humoral and cellular immune responses instead of using whole microorganisms or other types of extracellular vesicles (EVs). BEVs also provide the opportunity as versatile drug delivery carriers. Unlike mammalian EVs, BEVs have already made it to the clinic with the meningococcal vaccine (Bexsero®). However, there are still many unanswered questions in the use of BEVs, especially for chronic systemically administered immunotherapies. In this review, we address the opportunities and challenges in the use of BEVs for cancer immunotherapy and provide an outlook towards development of BEV products that can ultimately translate to the clinic.
Identification of Conserved Residues in Hepatitis C Virus Envelope Glycoprotein E2 That Modulate Virus Dependence on CD81 and SRB1 Entry Factors (2014)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope proteins E1 and E2 exhibit sequence variability. However, some segments of the envelope proteins are highly conserved, suggesting that these sequences play a key role at some steps of the HCV life cycle. In this work, we characterized the function and structure of a highly conserved E2 region that is targeted by neutralizing antibodies and had been proposed as a fusion peptide. Our data ruled out the involvement of this region in membrane fusion but allowed for the identification of new residues modulating the interaction of the virus with entry factors and its sensitivity to neutralizing antibodies. Moreover, structural data suggest that alternative conformations could exist for E2, which would explain the presence of a partially masked neutralizing epitope in this segment in the currently available E2 structure. Overall, our findings highlight the importance of conserved regions in the sequences of HCV envelope proteins.
High Dynamic Range 4Mpixel CMOS Image Sensor for Scientific Applications (2012)

As bio-technology transitions from research and development to high volume production, dramatic improvements in image sensor performance will be required to support the throughput and cost requirements of this market. This includes higher resolution, higher frame rates, higher quantum efficiencies, increased system integration, lower read-noise, and lower device costs. We present the performance of a recently developed low noise 2048(H) x 2048(V) CMOS image sensor optimized for scientific applications such as life science imaging, microscopy, as well as industrial inspection applications. The sensor architecture consists of two identical halves which can be operated independently and the imaging array consists of 4T pixels with pinned photodiodes on a 6.5µm pitch with integrated micro-lens. The operation of the sensor is programmable through a SPI interface. The measured peak quantum efficiency of the sensor is 73% at 600nm, and the read noise is about 1.1e- RMS at 100 fps data rate. The sensor features dual gain column parallel output amplifiers with 11-bit single slope ADCs. The full well capacity is greater than 36ke-, the dark current is less than 7pA/cm2 at 20ºC. The sensor achieves an intra-scene linear dynamic range of greater than 91dB (36000:1) at room temperature.
Clamp Load Loss due to Fastener Elongation Beyond its Elastic Limit (2005)

The amount of clamp load due to an externally applied separating force is determined for a boiled assembly in which the fastener is elongated past its proportional limit, while the clamped joint remained within its elastic range. After the initial tightening of the fastener, the joint is subsequently subjected to a tensile separating force, which further increases the fastener tensile stress into the nonlinear range. Such separating force will simultaneously reduce the clamping force in the bolted joint. Upon the removal of the separating service load, the bolted joint system reaches a new equilibrium point between the fastener tension and the joint clamping force. At the new equilibrium point, the fastener tension is reduced from its value at initial assembly, due to the plastic elongation of the fastener. The reduction in fastener tension translates into a partial—yet permanent—loss of the clamping load that may lead to joint leakage, loosening, or fatigue failure. A nonlinear model is established in order to describe the fastener behavior past the proportional limit of its material, and to determine the clamp load loss due to the permanent set in the fastener after the separating force has been removed. Two fastener materials with significantly different rates of strain hardening are used for modeling the behavior of the bolted joint system. The effect of three nondimensional variables on the amount of clamp load loss is investigated. The first variable is the stiffness ratio of the joint and the fastener. The second is the ratio of initial fastener tension to the fastener elastic limit, and the third variable is the ratio of the separating force to the force that causes joint separation to start. Analytical results are presented for a range of stiffness ratios that simulates both soft and hard joint applications. Experimental verification of the analytical results is presented.
PtOxCly(OH)z(H2O)n Complexes under Oxidative and Reductive Conditions: Impact of the Level of Theory on Thermodynamic Stabilities (2022)

Platinum-based catalysts with Cl<sup>-</sup> , OH<sup>-</sup> , O<sup>2-</sup> and H<sub>2</sub> O ligands, are involved in many industrial processes. Their final chemical properties are impacted by calcination and reduction applied during the preparation and activation steps. We investigate their stability under these reactive conditions with density functional theory (DFT). We benchmark various functionals (PBE-dDsC, optPBE, B3LYP, HSE06, PBE0, TPSS, RTPSS and SCAN) against ACFDT-RPA. PBE-dDsC is well adapted, although hybrid functionals are more accurate for redox reactions. Thermodynamic phase diagrams are determined by computing the chemical potential of the species as a function of temperature and partial pressures of H<sub>2</sub> O, HCl, O<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub> . The stability and nature of the Pt species are highly sensitive to the activation conditions. Under O<sub>2</sub> , high temperatures favour PtO<sub>2</sub> while under H<sub>2</sub> , platinum is easily reduced to Pt(0). Chlorine modifies the coordination sphere of platinum during calcination by stabilizing PtCl<sub>4</sub> and shifts the reduction of platinum to higher temperatures under H<sub>2</sub> .
Highly Volatile, Low Melting, Fluorine-Free Precursors for Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition of Lanthanide Oxide-Containing Thin Films (1999)

Three new homoleptic lanthanide coordination complexes have been synthesized and characterized. The compounds (e.g. see Figure) have been designed as F-free MOCVD precursors. They are monomeric in the solid state and are highly volatile liquids under typical deposition conditions. Their viability has been demonstrated by the growth of ceria on yttria and sapphire.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Tumor with a Self-Traceable Phosphorylcholine Polymer (2015)

Polymers are concentration-amplified with respect to the monomeric units. We show here that a phosphorylcholine polymer enriched with (13)C/(15)N at the methyl groups is self-traceable by multiple-resonance (heteronuclear-correlation) NMR in tumor-bearing mice inoculated with the mouse rectal cancer cell line (colon 26). Preliminary measurements indicated that the present polymeric nanoprobe was satisfactorily distinguished from lipids and detectable with far sub-micromolar spectroscopic and far sub-millimolar imaging sensitivities. Detailed ex vivo and in vivo studies for the tumor-bearing mice administered the probe with a mean molecular weight of 63,000 and a mean size of 13 nm, revealed the following: (1) this probe accumulates in the tumor highly selectively (besides renal excretion) and efficiently (up to 30% of the injected dose), (2) the tumor can thus be clearly in vivo imaged, the lowest clearly imageable dose of the probe being 100 mg/kg or 2.0 mg/20-g mouse, and (3) the competition between renal excretion and tumor accumulation is size-controlled; that is, the larger (higher molecular-weight) and smaller (lower molecular-weight) portions of the probe undergo tumor accumulation and renal excretion, respectively. The observed size dependence suggests that the efficient tumor-targeting of the present probe is stimulated primarily by the so-called enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, that is, size-allowed invasion of the probe into the tumor tissue via defective vascular wall. Self-traceable polymers thus open an important area of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of tumors and may provide a highly potential tool to visualize various delivery/localization processes using synthetic polymers.
Gone Rogue: An Analysis of Rogue Security Software Campaigns (2009)

In the past few years, Internet miscreants have developed a number of techniques to defraud and make a hefty profit out of their unsuspecting victims. A troubling, recent example of this trend is cyber-criminals distributing rogue security software, that is malicious programs that,by pretending to be legitimate security tools (e.g., anti-virus or anti-spyware), deceive users into paying a substantial amount of money in exchange for little or no protection.While the technical and economical aspects of rogue security software (e.g., its distribution and monetization mechanisms) are relatively well-understood, much less is known about the campaigns through which this type of malware is distributed, that is what are the underlying techniques and coordinated efforts employed by cyber-criminals to spread their malware.In this paper, we present the techniques we used to analyze rogue security software campaigns, with an emphasis on the infrastructure employed in the campaign and the life-cycle of the clients that they infect.
Front Matter: Volume 8368 (2012)

This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 8368, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, and the Conference Committee listing.© (2012) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Small particle size distributions from mobility measurements (1989)

We report experiments performed on iron particles with radii in the range 40–100 Å, produced by pulsed evaporation from an electroplated tungsten filament in a cryogenic helium gas atmosphere. Flight times in electric fields of singly charged particles produced in the evaporation process yield values for gas velocity and charged particle mobility. Particle size distributions are determined both by electron microscopy and from the mobility. The latter method yields particle size distributions quickly and with good statistics, but with indicated radii larger by about 20 Å than those determined by electron microscopy. The discrepancy, which is most important for the smallest particles, is attributed to the effect of van der Waals interaction between the iron particles and the gas atoms. Comparison is made with theory, which connects the van der Waals interaction with the dielectric response functions. For particles in this size range, a van der Waals interaction determined from bulk iron data gives a satisfactory explanation of the discrepancy.
Aerodynamic Design of Transonic Tip Sections (2010)

This paper systematically explores the aerodynamic design space of transonic tip sections for large steam turbines. The sections studied in this work have subsonic inlet relative Mach numbers, and supersonic exit Mach numbers up to 1.75. Two-dimensional CFD evaluations using numerical solvers MISES and TACOMA are used to assess the performance impact of design parameters. Geometric features including subsonic overlap, supersonic overlap, trailing edge thickness, trailing edge wedge angle and camber distribution are evaluated for their effect on the section performance. An optimal geometry is then generated incorporating the best features from each of the individual parameter studies.
Experimental evaluation of outer case blowing or bleeding of single stage axial flow compressor. Part I - Design of rotor and bleeding and blowing configurations (1966)

Rotor design to evaluate outer case blowing or bleeding of single stage axial flow compressor
Dipolar truncation in magic-angle spinning NMR recoupling experiments (2009)

Quantitative solid-state NMR distance measurements in strongly coupled spin systems are often complicated due to the simultaneous presence of multiple noncommuting spin interactions. In the case of zeroth-order homonuclear dipolar recoupling experiments, the recoupled dipolar interaction between distant spins is attenuated by the presence of stronger couplings to nearby spins, an effect known as dipolar truncation. In this article, we quantitatively investigate the effect of dipolar truncation on the polarization-transfer efficiency of various homonuclear recoupling experiments with analytical theory, numerical simulations, and experiments. In particular, using selectively (13)C-labeled tripeptides, we compare the extent of dipolar truncation in model three-spin systems encountered in protein samples produced with uniform and alternating labeling. Our observations indicate that while the extent of dipolar truncation decreases in the absence of directly bonded nuclei, two-bond dipolar couplings can generate significant dipolar truncation of small, long-range couplings. Therefore, while alternating labeling alleviates the effects of dipolar truncation, and thus facilitates the application of recoupling experiments to large spin systems, it does not represent a complete solution to this outstanding problem.
SmartMIMO: An Energy-Aware Adaptive MIMO-OFDM Radio Link Control for Next-Generation Wireless Local Area Networks (2007)

Multiantenna systems and more particularly those operating on multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) channels are currently a must to improve wireless links spectrum efficiency and/or robustness. There exists a fundamental tradeoff between potential spectrum efficiency and robustness increase. However, multiantenna techniques also come with an overhead in silicon implementation area and power consumption due, at least, to the duplication of part of the transmitter and receiver radio front-ends. Although the area overhead may be acceptable in view of the performance improvement, low power consumption must be preserved for integration in nomadic devices. In this case, it is the tradeoff between performance (e.g., the net throughput on top of the medium access control layer) and average power consumption that really matters. It has been shown that adaptive schemes were mandatory to avoid that multiantenna techniques hamper this system tradeoff. In this paper, we derive smartMIMO: an adaptive multiantenna approach which, next to simply adapting the modulation and code rate as traditionally considered, decides packet-per-packet, depending on the MIMO channel state, to use either space-division multiplexing (increasing spectrum efficiency), space-time coding (increasing robustness), or to stick to single-antenna transmission. Contrarily to many of such adaptive schemes, the focus is set on using multiantenna transmission to improve the link energy efficiency in real operation conditions. Based on a model calibrated on an existing reconfigurable multiantenna transceiver setup, the link energy efficiency with the proposed scheme is shown to be improved by up to 30% when compared to nonadaptive schemes. The average throughput is, on the other hand, improved by up to 50% when compared to single-antenna transmission.
Yang Data Model for Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) (2016)

This document defines a YANG data model that can be used to configure
and manage Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE).
Photoluminescence of GaAs Tip Apex Excited by Evanescent Wave (2001)

To characterize the optical properties of a semiconductor tip apex or semiconductor nanoparticles attached to a tip apex, an experimental setup to detect the photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the specimens excited by the evanescent wave was constructed. The tip-prism surface distance dependency of the PL spectra was observed by means of a prism covered with conducting thin films which were used to define the origin of the separation by detecting the tunneling current. It was demonstrated that the PL intensity exponentially depends upon the separation.