gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Testing of the Bio-Seeq (Smiths Detection Handheld PCR Instrument): Sensitivity, Specificity, and Effect of Interferents on Bacillus Assay Performance (2004)

Abstract : Smiths Detection-Edgewood (SDE), Inc., recently developed a hand held PCR instrument, the Bio-Seeq(Trademark), an updated, redesigned version of the small, portable PCR instrument previously known as the Handheld Advanced Nucleic Acid Analyzer (HANAA). The SDE developed the Bio-Seeq(Trademark) to provide a portable platform for first responders to use for detecting biological threats in civilian areas. To be ready for introduction into the marketplace, the instrument must be accompanied by a menu of reagents that will enable the user to detect the presence of pathogens in environmental samples. In previous work, SDE obtained probe and primer sequences constituting an assay for a gene present in Francisella tularensis the causative agent of tularemia. The SDE incorporated this probe and primer set into dried reagent beads, which also contain reagents required for an internal control. These, in turn, are part of a self-contained sampling device that contains buffer and the PCR reagent beads. This report details an analysis of the assay for F. tularensis, including the sensitivity and specificity of the assay, and the effect of some common nontarget (interferent) materials on the performance of the assay.
Recruitment of GL7+ B cells to the inflamed CNS prior to peripheral germinal center formation (VIR1P.1151) (2015)

Abstract Central nervous system (CNS) inflammation induced by viral infection and autoimmune disease results in the accumulation of various B cell subsets, including antibody secreting cells (ASC). However, temporal dynamics and precursor relationships of B cell subsets between the periphery and the inflamed CNS remain unclear. Encephalomyelitis induced by gliatropic coronavirus JHMV resolves into a persistent CNS infection that is controlled by local humoral immunity. Prior to the accumulation of essential CD138+ ASC, CD138- B cells traffic to the CNS by day 5 post infection (p.i.). Analysis of these early accumulating B cells by flow cytometry shows they comprise several phenotypes, which typically reside within the cervical lymph node (CLN), including naïve, activated, germinal center (GC)-like (GL7+), and unswitched memory B cells. B cell activation within the CLN occurs by day 7 p.i., but GC formation is not robust until day 14 p.i.. Unexpectedly, GL7+ B cells are detected within the CNS prior to GC formation. Moreover, in contrast to naïve/early activated B cells, which decline in number, GL7+ B cells increase differentially in brain and spinal cord throughout persistence. Maintenance of more differentiated B cell subsets within the CNS suggests either selective ongoing recruitment from the periphery or preferential local CNS maintenance. The lack of evidence for ectopic follicles suggests activated B cells, including GC-like B cells, can be recruited from the CLN.
Content personalization and adaptation for three-screen services (2008)

Three-screen services provide the right solution for consumers to access rich multimedia resources by any device, anytime and anywhere. In this paper, we describe a prototype system of content personalization and adaptation for three-screen services. The system continuously acquires content from TV broadcast feeds, indexes and adapts the content for users according to their interests defined in preference profiles. Automatically compiled segments of content can be rendered on a variety of devices that the customers prefer to facilitate a smoother video consuming experience. Simulation results show that the proposed content analysis modules, including shot boundary detection, anchorperson detection, and multimodal story segmentation are effective. The resulting personalized content is suitable for consumption on devices with limited input capabilities.
Tpl‐2 induces apoptosis by promoting the assembly of protein complexes that contain caspase‐9, the adapter protein Tvl‐1, and procaspase‐3 (2001)

The Tpl-2 proto-oncoprotein promotes cellular proliferation when overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell lines. Here, we present evidence that when overexpressed in immortalized non-transformed cells, Tpl-2 induces apoptosis by promoting the activation of caspase-3 via a caspase-9-dependent mechanism, and that apoptosis is enhanced when Tpl-2 is co-expressed with the newly identified ankyrin repeat protein Tvl-1. The activation of caspase-3 by caspase-9 is known to depend on the assembly of a multimolecular complex that includes Apaf-1 and caspase-9. Data presented here show that co-expression of Tpl-2 with Tvl-1 promotes the assembly of a complex that involves several proteins that bind Apaf-1 including Tvl-1, itself, Tpl-2 and phosphorylated procaspase-9. More important, procaspase-3, which under normal growth conditions is not associated with the complex, binds Tvl-1 conditionally in response to Tpl-2-generated apoptotic signals. The conditional association of procaspase-3 with Tvl-1 promotes the in vivo proteolytic maturation of procaspase-3 by caspase-9, a process casually linked to apoptosis.
Identification of Uric Acid Gluconucleoside–Ascaroside Conjugates in Caenorhabditis elegans by Combining Synthesis and MicroED (2020)

Few nucleoside-derived natural products have been identified from animals, despite the ubiquity of nucleosides in living organisms. Here, we use a combination of synthesis and the emerging electron microscopy technique microcrystal electron diffraction to determine the structures of several <i>N</i><sup>3</sup>-(β-glucopyranosyl)uric acid derivatives in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>. These noncanonical gluconucleosides further integrate an ascaroside moiety, for which we present a shortened synthetic route. The production of a phosphorylated gluconucleoside is influenced by evolutionarily conserved insulin signaling.
Experimental evidence of modal properties using directional couplers in silicon-on-insulator (2006)

The single-mode optical rib waveguide is a fundamental building block for many, more complex optical circuits. Recent modelling has been provided in the literature that has investigated polarisation and modal properties of small, deeplyetched rib waveguides in SOI. In this paper we present work that has utilised a total of 160 directional couplers fabricated from rib waveguides of various waveguides dimensions, to investigate the validity of the published modelling. In particular 5 waveguide designs have been used to fabricate directional couplers of differing lengths, to map out the variation in coupling of power within the directional couplers. For a singlemode device, a characteristic sinusoidal variation is expected, but the sinusoid will be corrupted in the presence of higher order modes, each of which will have a different coupling length as compared to the fundamental mode. We have observed experimental results that are consistent with the modelling for each of the 5 waveguide designs, and hence we present experimental evidence of higher-order mode behaviour that is consistent with modelling.
9 kV 4H-SiC IGBTs with 88 mΩ·cm<sup>2</sup> of R <sub>diff, on</sub> (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Trends in Carbon, Oxygen, and Nitrogen Core in the X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy of Carbon Nanomaterials: A Guide for the Perplexed (2020)

Successful deployment of carbon nanomaterials in many applications, such as sensing, energy storage, and catalysis, relies on the selection, synthesis, and tailoring of the surface properties. Predictive analysis of the behavior is difficult without detailed knowledge of the differences between various carbon nanomaterials and their surface functionalization, thus leaving the selection process to traditional trial-and-error work. The present characterization fills this knowledge gap for carbon nanomaterial surface properties with respect to chemical states and functionalization. We present an overview of the chemical trends that can be extracted from soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) spectra on an extended set of nonideal carbon nanomaterials as a function of sp2 bonded carbon and bond ordering. In particular, the surface chemical state, the presence of long-range order in the carbon matrix, and a qualitative estimation of the amount of oxygen and nitrogen and their respective functional group formation on the material surface, together with the detailed material fabrication parameters, are reported. The results expand our understanding of carbon nanomaterial functionalization, which can support material selection in practice, provided that the specifications of the application are known.
Microparticles with hierarchical porosity (2023)

The present disclosure provides oxide microparticles with engineered hierarchical porosity and methods of manufacturing the same. Also described are structures that are formed by templating, impregnating, and/or precipitating the oxide microparticles and method for forming the same. Suitable applications include catalysts, electrocatalysts, electrocatalysts support materials, capacitors, drug delivery systems, sensors and chromatography.
Additive Manufacturing of Isotropic NdFeB PPS Bonded Permanent Magnets (2020)

Extrusion based additive manufacturing of polymer composite magnets can increase the solid loading volume fraction with greater mechanical force through the printing nozzle as compared to traditional injection molding process. About 63 vol% of isotropic NdFeB magnet powders were compounded with 37 vol% of polyphenylene sulfide and bonded permanent magnets were fabricated while using Big Area Additive Manufacturing without any degradation in magnetic properties. The polyphenylene sulfide bonded magnets have a tensile stress of 20 MPa, almost double than that of nylon bonded permanent magnets. Additively manufactured and surface-protective-resin coated bonded magnets meet the industrial stability criterion of up to 175 °C with a flux-loss of 2.35% over 1000 h. They also exhibit better corrosion resistance behavior when exposed to acidic (pH = 1.35) solution for 24 h and also annealed at 80 °C over 100 h (at 95% relative humidity) over without coated magnets. Thus, polyphenylene sulfide bonded, additively manufactured, protective resin coated bonded permanent magnets provide better thermal, mechanical, and magnetic properties.
Impact of Age and Sex on Outcomes and Hospital Cost of Acute Asthma in the United States, 2011-2012 (2016)

Severe asthma is primarily a disease of young boys and middle age women. Greater understanding of the biology of lung aging and influence of sex hormones will allow us to plan for targeted interventions during these times in order to reduce the personal and societal burdens of asthma.
Climate system modeling on massively parallel systems: LDRD Project 95-ERP-47 final report (1996)

Global warming, acid rain, ozone depletion, and biodiversity loss are some of the major climate-related issues presently being addressed by climate and environmental scientists. Because unexpected changes in the climate could have significant effect on our economy, it is vitally important to improve the scientific basis for understanding and predicting the earth`s climate. The impracticality of modeling the earth experimentally in the laboratory together with the fact that the model equations are highly nonlinear has created a unique and vital role for computer-based climate experiments. However, today`s computer models, when run at desired spatial and temporal resolution and physical complexity, severely overtax the capabilities of our most powerful computers. Parallel processing offers significant potential for attaining increased performance and making tractable simulations that cannot be performed today. The principal goals of this project have been to develop and demonstrate the capability to perform large-scale climate simulations on high-performance computing systems (using methodology that scales to the systems of tomorrow), and to carry out leading-edge scientific calculations using parallelized models. The demonstration platform for these studies has been the 256-processor Cray-T3D located at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Our plan was to undertake an ambitious program in optimization, proof-of-principle and scientific study. These goals have been met. We are now regularly using massively parallel processors for scientific study of the ocean and atmosphere, and preliminary parallel coupled ocean/atmosphere calculations are being carried out as well. Furthermore, our work suggests that it should be possible to develop an advanced comprehensive climate system model with performance scalable to the teraflops range. 9 refs., 3 figs.
Supplementary Methods from Cross-Species Functional Analysis of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Identifies a Critical Role for CLCF1 and IL-6 in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer <i>In Vivo</i> (2023)

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Observation of living cells by x-ray microscopy with a laser-plasma x-ray source (1991)

We studied laser-produced plasma as an x-ray source for x-ray microscopy. Using water- window x rays, contact x-ray images of living sea urchin sperm were taken by a 500 picosecond x-ray pulse. The resist relief was examined by atomic force microscope and informations characteristic of x-ray microscopy were obtained. The finest feature noticed in the x-ray image was 0.1 micrometers .
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Signal Enhancement with High-Affinity Biradical Tags (2017)

Dynamic nuclear polarization is an emerging technique for sensitizing solid-state NMR experiments by transferring polarization from electrons to nuclei. Stable biradicals, the polarization source for the cross effect mechanism, are typically codissolved at millimolar concentrations with proteins of interest. Here we describe the high-affinity biradical tag TMP-T, created by covalently linking trimethoprim, a nanomolar affinity ligand of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), to the biradical polarizing agent TOTAPOL. With TMP-T bound to DHFR, large enhancements of the protein spectrum are observed, comparable to when TOTAPOL is codissolved with the protein. In contrast to TOTAPOL, the tight binding TMP-T can be added stoichiometrically at radical concentrations orders of magnitude lower than in previously described preparations. Benefits of the reduced radical concentration include reduced spectral bleaching, reduced chemical perturbation of the sample, and the ability to selectively enhance signals for the protein of interest.
Formation of ideally ordered porous Ga oxide by anodization of pretextured Ga (2022)

An ideally ordered nanohole array of Ga oxide was formed by anodizing pretextured Ga. Prior to anodization, an ideally ordered array of concaves was formed on the Ga surface by nanoimprinting using a metal mold. The anodization of the pretextured Ga was carried out in a phosphoric acid solution. During anodization, each concave acted as a starting point of hole generation, resulting in the formation of the ideally ordered porous Ga oxide. The present process is expected to be applied to fabricate a light energy conversion device, such as a hydrogen formation device.
The Human Papillomavirus Head and Neck Cancer Epidemic: What You Need to Know (2014)

Program Description: Human papillomavirus (HPV)–associated head and neck cancer is an epidemic striking a younger and healthier population without the usual risk factors for head and neck cancer. Most patients have an excellent prognosis following treatment with surgery or chemoradiation, and the sequela of long‐term morbidity from treatment is of increasing concern as patients are expected to live long enough to experience complications. Failure to identify a subset of patients at high risk for metastasis, recurrence, and decreased survival can lead to undertreatment and poor outcomes. This miniseminar will discuss the epidemiology, workup, treatment, and surveillance of HPV‐positive head and neck cancer. Educational Objectives: (1) Describe features of HPV‐positive head and neck cancer. (2) Recognize the role of surgical and nonsurgical therapy in the treatment of HPV‐positive head and neck cancer. (3) Explain the indications for adjuvant treatment in the management of HPV‐positive head and neck cancer.
Metallothionein III is expressed in neurons that sequester zinc in synaptic vesicles (1994)

MT-III, a brain-specific member of the metallothionein gene family, binds zinc and may facilitate the storage of zinc in neurons. The distribution of MT-III mRNA within the adult brain was determined by solution and in situ hybridization and compared to that of MT-I mRNA. MT-III mRNA is particularly abundant within the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and nuclei at base of the cerebellum. Transgenic mice generated using 11.5 kb of the mouse MT-III 5' flanking region fused to the E. coli lacZ gene express beta-galactosidase in many of the same regions identified by in situ hybridization. MT-III mRNA was present in readily identifiable neurons within the olfactory bulb, hippocampus, and cerebellum, and beta-galactosidase activity was localized to neurons throughout the brain, but not to glia, as determined by costaining with X-Gal and neural- and glia-specific antibodies. There is marked correspondence between the neurons that are rich in MT-III mRNA and those neurons that store zinc in their terminal vesicles. MT-III is found complexed with zinc in vivo and its expression in cultured cells leads to the intracellular accumulation of zinc and enhanced histochemical detection of zinc. These results are discussed in light of the possibility that MT-III may participate in the utilization of zinc as a neuromodulator.
High-Precision Silicon Micromachined Micromirrors for Laser Beam Scanning and Positioning (1996)

We present the design and fabrication of surface micromachined micromirrors actuated by electrostatic-comb motors. High-precision positioning over a large angular range makes the micromirrors suitable for a variety of optical applications such as laser scanners and printers, displays, holographic-data storage, and fiber-optic switches.
Exploring symmetry in wireless propagation channels (2017)

Wireless communications literature is very rich with empirical studies and measurement campaigns that study the nature of the wireless propagation channel. However, despite their undoubted usefulness, many of these studies have omitted a fundamental yet key feature of the physical signal propagation, that is, wireless propagation asymmetry. This feature does not agree with the electromagnetic reciprocity theorem, and the many research papers that adopt wireless channel symmetry, and hence rendering their modeling, unexpectedly, inaccurate. Besides, asymmetry is unquestionably an important characteristic of wireless channels, which needs to be accurately characterized for vehicular/mobile communications, 5G networks, and associated applications such as indoor/outdoor localization. This paper presents a modest and a preliminary study that reports potential causes of propagation asymmetry. Measurements conducted on Khalifa University campus in UAE show that wireless channels are symmetric in the absence of symmetry impairments. Therefore, care should be taken when considering some practical wireless propagation scenarios. Key conclusions and recommendation are summarized. We believe that this study will be inspiring for the academic community and will trigger further investigations within wireless propagation assumptions.
Diblock Copolymers Containing Metal Complexes in the Side Chain of One Block (2008)

The synthesis of novel block copolymers with metal complexes in the side chain of the polymer and their bulk self-assembly are described. Atom transfer radical polymerization plus postpolymerization chemistry were used to synthesize these novel diblock and four-arm star diblock copolymers. One block was functionalized with an asymmetric ruthenium(II) bisterpyridine complex containing a C16 alkyl chain in the 4‘ position. 1H NMR and FT-IR were used to monitor the postpolymerization chemistry, while polarized optical microscopy, small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and wide-angle X-ray diffraction were used to characterize the self-assembled structures. The diblock copolymer microphase separated in the bulk to form a structure-within-structure morphology “cylinders in a sea of rods” that have spacings of 38 and 5.7 nm, respectively, and the C16 chains were crystalline. The star copolymer was birefringent in the bulk, gave a SAXS signal corresponding to 38 nm, and had crystalline C16 side chains; however, no evidence for structure-within-structure could be found in the SAXS experiments. This could be due to slow relaxation times, since the molecular weight was three times larger than the linear diblock copolymer, or frustrated packing due to the star architecture.
Synergistic Sequential Emission of Fractional 10.600 and 1540 nm Lasers for Skin Resurfacing: An Ex Vivo Histological Evaluation (2022)

<i>Background:</i> Fractional ablative and non-ablative lasers are useful treatments for skin rejuvenation. A procedure that provides the sequential application of fractional ablative followed by non-ablative laser treatment may reduce patients' downtime and deliver better cosmetic results than with either laser alone. <i>Objective:</i> The purpose of the current study was to demonstrate the ameliorative and therapeutic effects in skin remodeling of the synergistic use of the two laser wavelengths (fractional ablative CO<sub>2</sub> and non-ablative 1540 nm) with three different types of pulse shapes, S-Pulse (SP), D-Pulse (DP) and H-Pulse (HP), through which the CO<sub>2</sub> laser can emit, performing an ex vivo histological evaluation. <i>Methods:</i> In this prospective study, ex vivo sheep inner thigh skin was chosen due to its similarity to human skin tissue, and a histological evaluation was performed. Three irradiation conditions, using all of the three CO<sub>2</sub> pulse shapes (alone or averaged), were investigated: (1) 10.600 nm alone, the sequential irradiation of the two wavelengths in the same perfectly controlled energy pulses (DOT) for the entire scan area; ((2) 10.600 nm followed immediately by 1540 nm; and (3) 1540 nm followed immediately by 10.600 nm). <i>Results:</i> When comparing ablative to sequential irradiations, the synergy of the two wavelengths did not alter the typical ablative pulse shape of the 10.600 nm laser alone. With the same CO<sub>2</sub> pulse shape, the lesion depth did not vary with the synergy of the two wavelengths, while thermal lesion width increased compared to CO<sub>2</sub> alone. The ablation rate was achieved, while the total thermal lesion coverage in the scanning area of CO<sub>2</sub> - 1540 lasers was greater than when using CO<sub>2</sub> alone and then the other sequential irradiation. <i>Conclusions:</i> This study provides important preclinical data for new and early uses of the novel 10.600/1540 nm dual-wavelength non-ablative fractional laser. The synergy of the two wavelengths enhanced all the benefits already available when using CO<sub>2</sub> laser systems both in terms of tone strengthening, thanks to a greater shrinking effect, and in terms of stimulation and collagen remodeling thanks to a greater volumetric thermal effect.