gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Battery-ultracapacitor active parallel interface with indirect control of battery current (2010)

A battery and ultracapacitor active-parallel interface creates a power source with greater power and energy density than either source can alone. This paper explores a control scheme which allows an active-parallel interface between a battery and ultracapacitor to be implemented using one converter on the fast source only. This scheme is shown in simulation to be effective at keeping large current transients from reaching the battery, while allowing the bus voltage to float with battery state-of-charge. An analysis of the effects of loss on circuit performance is performed and guidelines for component sizing are established.
Structure of soil microbial communities in sugi plantations and seminatural broad-leaved forests with different land-use historyThis article is one of a selection of papers published in the Special Forum on Towards Sustainable Forestry — The Living Soil: Soil Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function. (2007)

Phospholipid fatty acid profiles were used to evaluate microbial community composition in different soil layers of sugi ( Cryptomeria japonica (L.f.) D. Don) plantations and seminatural secondary forests in southeastern Kyushu, Japan. These forests had previously been utilized as meadows or coppices. Principal components analysis and canonical correspondence analysis of the phospholipid fatty acid data demonstrated differences in microbial community structure between current vegetation (sugi plantations or seminatural forests) in the FH layer. In contrast, differences between the previous land-use types (meadows or coppices) were detected through variation in the soil microbial community structure in the upper part of the A layer (0–5 cm). However, in the deeper part of the A layer (5–10 cm), the influence of the previous land-use history on soil microbial community structure was weak and the influence of the current vegetation could be detected. In the 0–5 cm part of the A layer, the organic matter was correlated with the microbial community structure. However, it cannot be assumed that these soil chemical characteristics were the principal factors responsible for separation of the microbial communities based on previous land-use history because the difference in chemical characteristics between the sites was small.
Solute Transport Processes In Peat Inferred From Electrical Imaging (2003)

Hydrogeology impacts the transport of dissolved carbon in peatlands and is a critical factor in the&lt;br&gt;development of the striking vegetation patterns observed in these unique environments. Field-scale&lt;br&gt;studies of long-term solute transport behavior in peatlands are lacking. Three-dimensional surface&lt;br&gt;resistivity imaging was used to monitor the long-term evolution of a NaBr tracer injected into Caribou&lt;br&gt;Bog, a large peatland complex in central Maine. Tracer (100 l @ 2.5 g/l NaBr; σw = 2.9 mS/cm) was&lt;br&gt;injected across a screened interval between 1.0-1.5 m in an injection well on 06/26/01. A triangular 3D&lt;br&gt;finite element mesh was generated to model tracer evolution within a wedge with its central axis aligned&lt;br&gt;along the principal hydraulic gradient determined from a network of multi-level sampling wells within&lt;br&gt;the peatland. Eleven three-dimensional images of relative change in conductivity clearly identify the&lt;br&gt;tracer distribution over the first 511 days of monitoring. The center of tracer mass on the eleven&lt;br&gt;sampling dates was approximated from moments analysis using the 3D mesh of conductivity change&lt;br&gt;values. The electrical imaging indicates that the center of tracer mass migrated less than 1 m over the&lt;br&gt;current monitoring period. Groundwater sampling in monitoring well clusters at the site suggests that the&lt;br&gt;leading edge of the plume reached a monitoring well cluster located 1.8 m from injection well in May&lt;br&gt;2002. Bromide remained below the detection limit (0.002 ppm) in four other clusters of wells positioned&lt;br&gt;near the injection well. Groundwater velocity estimates obtained from point dilution tests, slug tests and&lt;br&gt;Darcy’s Law suggest much greater flow rates in the range of 3-18 m/yr. The electrical imaging dataset&lt;br&gt;suggests that the peat seriously retards flow through either matrix diffusion or chemical reaction&lt;br&gt;between solute and the organic matrix. This interpretation is consistent with recent laboratory studies&lt;br&gt;which indicate that matrix diffusion in peat can retard solute transport by a factor of 10-20.&lt;br&gt;Confirmation of this process in the field will improve understanding of active hydrogeological processes&lt;br&gt;in peatlands, which will impact comprehension of nutrient and carbon cycling in these unique systems.
Tricarbonylmanganese(I)-lysozyme complex : a structurally characterized organometallic protein (2007)

International audience
Structural and Functional Organization of the DNA Polymerase of Bacteriophage T7 (1996)

The 80-kDa gene 5 protein encoded by bacteriophage T7 shares significant amino acid homology with the large fragment of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I (Klenow fragment). Like the Klenow fragment, T7 gene 5 protein has both DNA polymerase and 3' to 5' exonuclease activities. However, unlike the Klenow fragment, T7 gene 5 protein binds tightly to E. coli thioredoxin to form a complex that has a high processivity of nucleotide polymerization. In order to identify the domains of gene 5 protein responsible for polymerization, hydrolysis, and binding of thioredoxin, we have analyzed proteolytic fragments of gene 5 protein. Cleavage of the protein within one protease-sensitive region (residue 250-300) yields two molecular weight species of peptides of 32-37 and 43-51 kDa derived from the N-terminal and C-terminal region, respectively. DNA polymerase activity is found within the C-terminal fragments and exonuclease activity within the N-terminal fragments. Thioredoxin stimulates the DNA polymerase activity of the C-terminal fragments. All fragments bind to DNA. In addition to delineating the polymerase and exonuclease domains, the protease-sensitive region appears to interact with E. coli thioredoxin. Thioredoxin protects this region from proteolysis, and alteration of this region reduces the ability of thioredoxin to stimulate polymerase activity.
Assembly of 2Fe-2S and 4Fe-4S Clusters in the Anaerobic Ribonucleotide Reductase from Escherichia coli (1999)

Escherichia coli contains a specific ribonucleotide reductase for deoxyribonucleotide synthesis and growth under anaerobiosis. The α2β2 enzyme contains an iron−sulfur center on its small β2 subunit that is involved in the one-electron reduction of S-adenosylmethionine and in the generation of a glycyl radical on the large α2 subunit. By a variety of spectroscopic methods (light absorption, resonance Raman, and Mössbauer spectroscopy) and metal and sulfide analysis, it is shown that the metal center is a (2Fe-2S)2+ cluster. Reduction by photoreduced deazaflavin or dithionite converts these centers mostly into (4Fe-4S) clusters, in both the (4Fe-4S)1+ and (4Fe-4S)2+ states, as is unambiguously demonstrated by Mössbauer spectroscopy at 4.2 and 77 K, in the presence of small (10 mT) or high (5.3 or 7 T) fields. The structure and the function of the iron−sulfur center of the anaerobic ribonucleotide reductase are discussed in relation with other members of a class of enzymes with similar metal centers and functions (reduction of S-adenosylmethionine).
Micro mirror arrays for improved sensitivity of thermopile infrared sensors (2011)

This paper reports an improved method for higher sensitivity of the thermopile infrared sensors .To increase the sensitivity of thermopile infrared sensors, the thermopile infrared sensors were bonded to the micro mirror arrays (MMA) which focused the infrared radiation in the infrared absorber. As the result, 4-pair thermopiles have demonstrated 220V/W to 350V/W under the pressure of 1Pa atmospheres, thus they are 1.6 times higher sensitivity than without MMA. The fabrication method of MMA is using etching depth difference of DRJE which depends on the aspect ratio with different size mask openings and isotropic RIE.
A Complexity-Distortion Approach to Joint Pattern Alignment (2007)

Image Congealing (IC) is a non-parametric method for the joint alignment of a collection of images affected by systematic and unwanted deformations. The method attempts to undo the deformations by minimizing a measure of complexity of the image ensemble, such as the averaged per-pixel entropy. This enables alignment without an explicit model of the aligned dataset as required by other methods (e.g. transformed component analysis). While IC is simple and general, it may introduce degenerate solutions when the transformations allow minimizing the complexity of the data by collapsing them to a constant. Such solutions need to be explicitly removed by regularization.

In this paper we propose an alternative formulation which solves this regularization issue on a more principled ground. We make the simple observation that alignment should simplify the data while preserving the useful information carried by them. Therefore we trade off fidelity and complexity of the aligned ensemble rather than minimizing the complexity alone. This eliminates the need for an explicit regularization of the transformations, and has a number of other useful properties such as noise suppression. We show the modeling and computational benefits of the approach to the some of the problems on which IC has been demonstrated.
Pharmacological Targeting of Executioner Proteins: Controlling Life and Death (2021)

Small-molecule mediated modulation of protein interactions of Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma-2) family proteins was clinically validated in 2015 when Venetoclax, a selective inhibitor of the antiapoptotic protein BCL-2, achieved breakthrough status designation by the FDA for treatment of lymphoid malignancies. Since then, substantial progress has been made in identifying inhibitors of other interactions of antiapoptosis proteins. However, targeting their pro-apoptotic counterparts, the "executioners" BAX, BAK, and BOK that both initiate and commit the cell to dying, has lagged behind. However, recent publications demonstrate that these proteins can be positively or negatively regulated using small molecule tool compounds. The results obtained with these molecules suggest that pharmaceutical regulation of apoptosis will have broad implications that extend beyond activating cell death in cancer. We review recent advances in identifying compounds and their utility in the exogenous control of life and death by regulating executioner proteins, with emphasis on the prototype BAX.
A self-propelled flexible plate with a Navier slip surface (2020)

The hydrodynamics of a three-dimensional self-propelled flexible plate with a Navier slip surface was explored in an effort to assess its role in the hydrodynamics of a slip boundary that mimics the mucus layer. The Navier slip arises when the component of the tangential velocity at a wall is proportional to the strain. The immersed boundary method was employed to simulate the flow. For comparison, simulations were also performed with the no-slip condition. The clamped leading edge of the flexible plate was forced into a prescribed harmonic oscillation in the vertical direction but was free to move in the horizontal direction. For validation of the results obtained with the Navier slip, experiments were performed on a solid surface with a seaweed covering. The average cruising speed (ŪC), the input power (P¯), and the propulsion efficiency (η) of the plate were determined as a function of the flapping frequency (f) to characterize its kinematics. The drag reduction due to the Navier slip was determined by examining the changes in the powers resulting from its effects on the Lagrangian momentum forces. The reduction in the power in the tangential direction due to the Navier slip condition is greater than that in the normal direction. The effects of the Navier slip on the force (F), power (P), and propulsion performance of the plate were evaluated. The hydrodynamic benefits of the slip condition for a self-propelled flexible body were elucidated in detail.
The Use of Averaged-Value Model of Modular Multilevel Converter in DC Grid (2014)

This paper investigates the applicability of averaged-value models (AVMs) for modular multilevel converters (MMCs) operating in a voltage-sourced converter-based-high-voltage dc (VSC-HVDC) grid. The AVM models are benchmarked by comparison with a detailed electromagnetic transient model of the grid, including a fully detailed MMC model. Analysis results show that the AVM is only effective as long as the capacitors are large enough to maintain nearly constant voltage across each MMC submodule. This paper also shows that previously developed MMC averaged models are not able to accurately simulate the transients under dc fault conditions. This paper introduces topology changes to a previously proposed averaged model that results in much improved simulation for such conditions. This paper also shows that the model can be used effectively to study HVDC grids with significant time savings.
Sphere-to-Rod Transition in the Shape of Anionic Surfactant Micelles Determined by Surface Tension Measurements (1997)

We present experimental data showing that the surface tension, σ, of anionic surfactant (sodium dodecyl dioxyethylene sulfate: SDP-2S) solutions undergoes a substantial change in the vicinity of the transition from sphere to cylinder in the micelle shape. The formation of cylindrical (rodlike) micelles at relatively low surfactant concentrations (between 2 and 8 mM) is promoted by the presence of Al3+ ions in the solution. In the experiments we fixed the ionic strength of the added electrolyte but varied the molar fractions of NaCl and AlCl3. We established that the observed variation of σ in a vicinity of the sphere-to-rod transition can be attributed to two competitive effects: (i) competition between Na+ and Al3+ counterions for the adsorption in the subsurface Stern layer and (ii) competition between the solution surface and the surfaces of the micelles to adsorb the Al3+ counterions. The concentration of free Al3+ ions in the solution is substantially reduced due to binding of Al3+ to the micelles. The latter effect is studied experimentally by means of ultrafiltration experiments. We develop a theoretical model that allows us to calculate the true bulk (background) concentrations of Na+ and Al3+ ions, and the variation of σ in the vicinity of the sphere-to-rod transition. Good agreement between theory and experiment is achieved. The results show that the transition from sphere to cylinder in the micelle shape can be detected from the plot of the surface tension vs the surfactant-to-Al3+ ratio. The paper also contains experimental data for the dependence of the CMC and surface tension of SDP-2S solutions on the ionic strength, which may represent independent interest.
A Microwell Array Platform for Picoliter Membrane Protein Assays (2009)

A novel microwell chip is developed that can be used to detect protein binding in a liquid environment, together with a liquid handling system that allows the performance of assays with picoliter volumes. A PDMS well structure is cast on a planar optical waveguide, providing reaction containers combined with a high-sensitivity fluorescence readout system. Individual wells of the array can be addressed, filled, and rinsed using a contact-mode pin and ring spotter. This allows for immunoassays in a heavily multiplexed way, as all steps of the assay can be individually chosen per well. An array density of over 1000 wells cm(-2) is used for the current experiments. The wells provide a protected liquid environment in which the handling of proteins in their natural state is possible, thus maintaining their activity. The membrane protein annexin V is chosen as a model protein to demonstrate the current possibilities. Annexin V binds to phosphatidylserine (PS) head groups of lipids in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner and is often chosen as a marker for cell apoptosis. Lipid vesicles with and without PS are spotted in individual wells and spontaneously formed a planar lipid bilayer on the bottom of the buffer-filled wells. Annexin V can be used to distinguish between wells containing PS groups previously incorporated in the membrane patches and reference wells without PS head groups. Also, the dependence on the calcium concentration can be shown. Fluorescence readout of the assays is performed using a highly sensitive system based on a planar optical waveguide.
p-Cumylphenyl Methacrylate: Synthesis, Polymerization, And Copolymerization (1998)

ABSTRACT A new methacrylic monomer from the reaction of methacryloyl chloride with p-cumylphenol has been synthesized. The effect of sterically bulky p-cumylphenyl group on homopolymerization and copolymerization was examined. In copolymers, p-cumylphenyl methacrylate increases the Tg of acrylic polymers. The Tg of the copolymers as determined by DSC agrees with both the Flory-Fox and Gordon-Taylor relationships.
Identifying Predictors of Satisfaction with Access to Medical Care and Quality of Care (1997)

Satisfaction with access to medical care and quality of care were compared using a survey instrument adapted from the Group Health Association of America Consumer Satisfaction Survey. Participants were members of a large health maintenance organization employed by an employer group (Company) and other non-company members (Control). Overall, members reported high satisfaction with both access to medical care and quality of care. There were no significant differences in satisfaction between Company and Control respondents. Stepwise regression identified the strongest predictor of satisfaction with access to care as ease of arranging appointments. Satisfaction with quality of care was predicted most strongly by outcomes of medical care. These findings indicate that items with which members are least satisfied (access to doctor after hours, office waiting time, and time for routine appointment) do not predict either satisfaction with access to care or satisfaction with quality of care. Managed care organizations must develop and utilize evidence-based evaluation tools such as this one to assess the quality of care.
First synthesis of a series of core-modified tetrabenzoporphyrins (2004)

Successful synthesis of a series of highly conjugated porphyrin analogues, including thia-, dithia- and oxathia-tetrabenzoporphyrins, and their optical properties are reported.
Synthesis of Monoprotected 2-Alkylidene-1,3-propanediols by an Unusual SN2' Mitsunobu Reaction (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Monoprotected 2-Alkylidene-1,3-propanediols by an Unusual SN2' Mitsunobu ReactionAndre B. Charette, Bernard Cote, Sylvie Monroc, and Sylvie PrescottCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 21, 6888–6894Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00126a046https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00126a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views896Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Site independent diversity transmit power control for inter-cell site diversity in W-CDMA forward link (2002)

This paper proposes a new fast transmit power control algorithm for forward link inter-cell site diversity, called site independent diversity transmit power control (hereafter SIDTPC) and compares the effect of decreasing the total transmit signal energy per bit-to-background noise power spectrum density ratio (E/sub b//N/sub 0/) of all cell sites for three methods: SIDTPC, site selection diversity transit power control (SSDT), and conventional TPC during inter-cell site diversity (hereafter CTPC) in the W-CDMA forward link. The SIDTPC method differs from SSDT in that each cell site transmits a dedicated physical channel (DPCH) with different transmit power, which is adaptively weighted according to the path loss between each cell site and a mobile station (MS), that is to say, with larger (smaller) transmit power for the cell having the smaller (larger) path loss, resulting in a decreased total transmit power similar to the SSDT method, while maintaining a superior feature which enables SIDTPC to be less sensitive to the reception errors of the control bits sent via the reverse link. Simulation results demonstrated that when the traffic ratio of voice service to data service is 1:1, the required total average transmit E/sub b//N/sub 0/, at the average block error rate (BLER) of 10/sup -2/ for 50% of MSs using the SIDTPC method is decreased by approximately 0.4 (0.5) dB and 2.0 (0.2) dB compared to those with the CTPC and SSDT methods, respectively, for Doppler frequency, f/sub D/, of 5 (80) Hz.