gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plants with enhanced yield and methods of construction (2023)

Transgenic plants having enhanced yield and having enhanced seed yield are disclosed. The transgenic plants are transformed with a transgenic polynucleotide encoding one or more metabolic enzymes. The metabolic enzymes can be from any biological source. The transgenic polynucleotide(s) comprises a nucleic acid sequences encoding the metabolic enzymes under the control of functional plant promoters, the one or more metabolic enzymes are targeted to the plastids by the addition of plastid targeting signals. Optionally the functional plant promoters are seed specific promoters and the metabolic enzymes are targeted to the plastids by the addition of plastid targeting peptide heterologous to the metabolic enzymes. Methods of making the transgenic plants and transgenic polynucleotides are disclosed. The magnitude of the increases in seed yield achieved with these transgenic plants are simply unprecedented.
System Performance Assessment in Dual-Band Device-to-Device MIMO Channels (2019)

Device-to-Device (D2D) communications has been embraced as a novel approach for extending coverage in fifth-generation (5G and beyond) wireless networks. Throughput and reliability assessment of such wireless networks are therefore of utmost importance for D2D communication systems design. In this paper, we consider the capacity results of wireless propagation channels in two 5G modes namely the sub-6 GHz centimeter-wave (cm-wave) and 60 GHz millimeter-wave (mm-wave) bands for a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) D2D fading channel. Results presented in this paper were obtained from propagation channel measurements jointly conducted in both cm-wave (2-6 GHz) and mm-wave (59-63 GHz) bands using an 8 × 8 MIMO virtual array setup in an outdoor environment. These measurements were conducted at the exact same locations (with constituents unchanged) in both cm-wave and mm-wave bands for comparability of results. Capacity values were computed using two power policies (with and without channel state information (CSI)). We also investigated the eigenmode spectral structure to understand the spatial correlatedness of the channel and the Rician K-factor to analyze small-scale fading in the channel. The results presented in this paper can be used by wireless systems designer for assessing the performance of D2D systems operating in the cm-wave and/or mm-wave bands for this type of environment.
Directed Immobilization of Janus-AuNP in Heterometallic Nanogaps: a Key Step Toward Integration of Functional Molecular Units in Nanoelectronics (2014)

Forming reliable and reproducible molecule–nanoelectrode contacts is one of the key issues for the implementation of nanoparticles as functional units into nanoscale devices. Utilizing heterometallic electrodes and Janus-type nanoparticles equipped with molecules allowing selective binding to a distinct electrode material represents a promising approach to achieve this goal. Here, the directed immobilization of individual Janus-type gold nanoparticles (AuNP) between heterometallic electrodes leading to the formation of asymmetric contacts in a highly controllable way is presented. The Janus-AuNP are stabilized by two types of ligands with different terminal groups on opposite hemispheres. The heterometallic nanoelectrode gaps are formed by electron beam lithography in combination with a self-alignment procedure and are adjusted to the size of the Janus-AuNP. Thus, by choosing adequate molecular end group/metal combinations, the immobilization direction of the Janus-AuNP is highly controllable. These results demonstrate the striking potential of this approach for the building-up of novel nanoscale organic/inorganic hybrid architectures.
Light Harvesting and Charge Separation in a π-Conjugated Antenna Polymer Bound to TiO2 (2014)

This paper describes the photophysical and photoelectrochemical characterization of a light harvesting polychromophore array featuring a polyfluorene backbone with covalently attached Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes (PF-Ru-A), adsorbed on the surface of mesostructured TiO2 (PF-Ru-A//TiO2). The surface adsorbed polymer is characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, providing evidence for the morphology of the surface adsorbed polymer and the mode of binding. Photoexcitation of the Ru(II) complexes bound to the metal oxide surface (proximal) results in electron injection into the conduction band of TiO2, which is then followed by ultrafast hole transfer to the polymer to form oxidized polyfluorene (PF+). More interestingly, chromophores that are not directly bound to the TiO2 interface (distal) that are excited participate in site-to-site energy transfer processes that transport the excited state to surface bound chromophores where charge injection occurs, underscoring the antenna-like nature of the polymer assembly. The charge separated state is long-lived and persists for >100 μs, a consequence of the increased separation between the hole and injected electron.
Effects of Chemical Mechanical Polishing on the Laser Induced Damage Threshold of ZnGeP 2 (2014)

International audience
Engineering the Solid State with 2-Benzimidazolones (1996)

Six derivatives of 2-benzimidazolone, disubstituted in the 4 and 5 positions, have been synthesized, and their structures have been determined in the solid state. Four of these compounds crystallize as molecular tapes. Compounds 1-(CH3)2, 1-Cl2, and 1-Br2 form tapes that pack with their long axes parallel; compounds 1-H2 and 2-H2 form tapes that pack with their long axes at an angle to one another. Compounds 1-F2 and 1-I2 crystallize with a three-dimensional network of hydrogen bonds. The packing arrangement of molecular tapes is rationalized on the basis of closest packing and electrostatic interactions between aromatic rings. The occurrence of the network motif rather than the tape motif for 1-F2 and 1-I2 is rationalized on the basis of secondary interactions involving the halogen atoms.
Measurement of temporal resolution in dual source CT (2008)

This work assesses the temporal resolution of dual-source computed tomography (CT) in a visually intuitive manner. Exploiting the principles of ring artifact creation, a phantom containing a highly attenuating delta function signal (a wire) was rotated at the same speed as the gantry, creating a partial ring artifact where the angular extent of the artifact provides a direct indication of the temporal resolution. A demonstration of the effect of the evaluated 165 and 83 ms nominal temporal resolutions on motion artifacts in cardiac CT is provided using patient data.
Crystalline In–Ga–Zn–O FET-based configuration memory for multi-context field-programmable gate array realizing fine-grained power gating (2014)

A multi-context (MC) field-programmable gate array (FPGA) enabling fine-grained power gating (PG) is fabricated by a hybrid process involving a 1.0 µm c -axis aligned crystalline In–Ga–Zn–O (CAAC-IGZO) field-effect transistor (FET), which is one of CAAC oxide-semiconductor (OS) FETs, and a 0.5 µm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) FET. The FPGA achieves a 20% layout area reduction in a routing switch and an 82.8% reduction in power required to retain data of configuration memory (CM) cells at 2.5 V driving compared to a static random access memory (SRAM)-based FPGA. A controller for fine-grained PG can be implemented at an area overhead of 7.5% per programmable logic element (PLE) compared to a PLE without PG. For each PLE, the power overhead with fine-grained PG amounts to 2.25 and 2.26 nJ for power-on and power-off, respectively, and break-even time (BET) is 19.4 µs at 2.5 V and 10 MHz driving.
Metabolic regulation and function of T helper cells in neuroinflammation (2022)

Neuroinflammatory conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS) are initiated by pathogenic immune cells invading the central nervous system (CNS). Autoreactive CD4<sup>+</sup> T helper cells are critical players that orchestrate the immune response both in MS and in other neuroinflammatory autoimmune diseases including animal models that have been developed for MS. T helper cells are classically categorized into different subsets, but heterogeneity exists within these subsets. Untangling the more complex regulation of these subsets will clarify their functional roles in neuroinflammation. Here, we will discuss how differentiation, immune checkpoint pathways, transcriptional regulation and metabolic factors determine the function of CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell subsets in CNS autoimmunity. T cells rely on metabolic reprogramming for their activation and proliferation to meet bioenergetic demands. This includes changes in glycolysis, glutamine metabolism and polyamine metabolism. Importantly, these pathways were recently also implicated in the fine tuning of T cell fate decisions during neuroinflammation. A particular focus of this review will be on the Th17/Treg balance and intra-subset functional states that can either promote or dampen autoimmune responses in the CNS and thus affect disease outcome. An increased understanding of factors that could tip CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell subsets and populations towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype will be critical to better understand neuroinflammatory diseases and pave the way for novel treatment paradigms.
A new cell surface molecule closely related to mouse class i transplantation antigens (1989)

The "37" H-2 class I mouse gene, located in the Tla complex, is poorly polymorphic and is transcribed in a wide variety of cells and tissues. Using antisera directed against peptides deduced from the gene sequence, we demonstrate that the 37 gene encodes a 45.5-kDa cell surface glycoprotein. This protein, initially identified on the surface of mouse L cells transfected with an overexpressing 37 gene, is present on cells such as splenocytes of various mouse strains except those of A/J mice. Thus, mouse cells may express not only the major transplantation antigens encoded by the K and D region genes, but at least one additional poorly polymorphic class I molecule encoded by the 37 gene.
Tunable Replica Bits for Dynamic Variation Tolerance in 8T SRAM Arrays (2011)

Infrequent dynamic events like V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CC</sub> droops and temperature changes result in the use of a static V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CC</sub> guardband in 8T SRAM arrays. This paper proposes the use of tunable replica bits (TRBs) as a potential solution to mitigating a part of the V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CC</sub> guardband. Measured data on a 16 KB 8T array featuring tun able replica bits illustrate 9% reduction of the operating minimum V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CC</sub> (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">MIN</sub> ) and correspondingly a 7.5% reduction in array power.
Outer Code-Based HARQ Retransmission for Multicast/Broadcast Services in 5G (2019)

This paper studies a hybrid automatic repeat and request (HARQ) mechanism for multicast/broadcast services in 5G New Radio (NR) systems. HARQ is widely used in unicast transmission to improve reliability and resource efficiency under the fading channel. However, for multicast/broadcast, it is difficult to apply conventional HARQ technology because the probability of retransmission becomes high as the number of receiver increases. In this paper, we propose a novel and efficient retransmission scheme, called outer code- based HARQ. After the initial transmission of a given data packet for multicast/broadcast, each receiver sends feedback information on how many code blocks (CBs) are broken instead of which CBs are broken. Then, for retransmission of the data, the transmitter generates parity CBs by using outer code such as Reed- Solomon (RS) or Raptor code and transmits the parity CBs after applying inner code such as low density parity check (LDPC) code. Numerical results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the conventional HARQ schemes, reducing more than 50% of retransmissions.
Jamming-Resistant Receivers for the Massive MIMO Uplink (2017)

We design a jamming-resistant receiver scheme to enhance the robustness of a massive MIMO uplink system against jamming. We assume that a jammer attacks the system both in the pilot and data transmission phases. The key feature of the proposed scheme is that, in the pilot phase, the base station estimates not only the legitimate channel, but also the jamming channel by exploiting a purposely unused pilot sequence. The jamming channel estimate is used to construct linear receiver filters that reject the impact of the jamming signal. The performance of the proposed scheme is analytically evaluated using the asymptotic properties of massive MIMO. The best regularized zero-forcing receiver and the optimal power allocations for the legitimate system and the jammer are also studied. Numerical results are provided to verify our analysis and show that the proposed scheme greatly improves the achievable rates, as compared with conventional receivers. Interestingly, the proposed scheme works particularly well under strong jamming attacks, since the improved estimate of the jamming channel outweighs the extra jamming power.
Carbonate formation lowers the electrocatalytic activity of perovskite oxides for water electrolysis (2021)

Electrocatalytic activity depends on surface properties and therefore changes on air-exposure. We show that clean LaNiO 3 OER catalysts are more active than their air-exposed counterparts where surface carbonate groups block the nickel active sites.
6 Asphaltene equation of state and oilfield reservoirs (2022)

In general, reservoir crude oils consist of dissolved gases, liquids and dissolved or suspended solids, the asphaltenes. As in all disciplines, thermodynamic modeling is a powerful method to improve efficiencies and understanding. Indeed, application of a modified van der Waals equation of state (EoS) to model the gas and liquid components of crude oil became an immediate success when introduced by Peng and Robinson in 1976. However, thermodynamic modeling of asphaltene gradients in oil reservoirs has only recently been accomplished. The Yen-Mullins model gives the requisite solution to the asphaltene particle size, thus resolving the gravity term, among others, for thermodynamic modeling. A modified polymer solution theory, the Flory-Huggins-Zuo EoS, has been established as the method of choice to model asphaltene gradients in reservoirs. One powerful benefit to this approach is the small number of adjustable parameters, in some cases, no adjustable parameters, to model oilfield asphaltene gradients. This modeling is powerful for understanding wide-ranging issues such as viscous oil and viscosity gradients, tar mats, aquifer support, reservoir connectivity, and asphaltene onset pressure as many oilfield case studies establish. In addition, this newly developed ability to identify equilibrium versus nonequilibrium distributions of reservoir fluids has enabled the development of a new technical discipline, “reservoir fluid geodynamics” (RFG) which fulfills the sole missing component of modeling and understanding the evolution of reservoirs over geologic time. The resulting comprehensive rock and fluid geodynamic approach represents a powerful, new methodology to address oilfield reservoirs.
Seasonal pharmacological properties and alkaloid content in Cyrtanthus contractus N.E. Br. (2015)

Representatives of the genus Cyrtanthus including Cyrtanthus contractus of the Amaryllidaceae family are widely used in African traditional medicine for the treatment of a range of ailments, including mental illness and age-related dementia. The alkaloid constituents distributed within the genus, which are chiefly responsible for the biological activity of the derived extracts, are thought to be influenced by changes in the growing environment. Natural growing populations of C. contractus were tagged and collected every 15th day of each month over a 12 month period. The ethanol bulb extracts from each of the collected samples were evaluated for total alkaloid content, cytotoxic effects, acetylcholinesterase and cyclooxygenase inhibition as well as antimicrobial activities. Some notable bioactivities were recorded for extracts collected during certain months of the year, particularly the cytotoxic effects against human cancer cell lines and enzyme inhibition (AChE and COX). The cytotoxic effects and AChE and COX enzyme inhibitory activities of extracts collected in May and September are of considerable interest. Similarly total alkaloids varied markedly from one month to the other. The bioactivity exhibited by C. contractus bulb extracts during certain months of the year, particularly in May and September, justifies the collection and use of these bulbs for treatment of the relevant ailments in traditional medicine during these periods.
Control Strategies for Complete Soft-Switching of ICN Converters (2021)

This paper introduces the control strategies that enable zero-voltage switching (ZVS) of all the transistors in impedance control network (ICN) resonant converters. With the conventional $\phi$-based control strategy, ICN converters are well-suited for applications with wide variation in input voltage, owing to wide range soft switching capability of their inverter transistors. The control strategies presented in this paper simultaneously allow soft switching of all its inverter and rectifier transistors, thus extending the converter’s applicability to higher and wider output voltages. Two such control strategies, namely, $\psi$ and $\phi\psi$-based control, are presented and compared in terms of their soft switching capability and residual circulating currents in the resonant tank. It is shown that $\phi\psi$-based control strategy offers superior performance by substantially reducing circulating currents. A 15 V-to-2.5 V, 10- W, 400-kHz ICN converter prototype is built and tested with the proposed control strategies. $\phi\psi$-based control strategy achieves 5% higher efficiency compared to the $\psi$-based control strategy.
Advances in Coding Techniques for Chipless RFID Tags (2013)

International audience
Assessment of a compaction indicator for oscillation rollers with a lumped parameter model (2019)

The stick–slip motion of the drum of four different oscillation rollers during near-surface compaction of non-cohesive soils was studied based on a lumped parameter model of the interacting oscillation roller–subsoil system. The aim of the study was to assess a novel compaction indicator for continuous compaction control with oscillation rollers, which was empirically found on the basis of field tests with a specific roller. In a comprehensive sensitivity study, the excitation frequency, the coefficient of friction at the contact between the drum and subsoil and the properties of the suspension between drum and frame were varied in order to demonstrate their impact on the drum response and thus on the compaction indicator. The results of this study essentially confirm the compaction indicator for the considered oscillation rollers for a wide range of soil stiffness. The found application limits of this value are clearly influenced by the device parameters and the operating oscillation frequency.
Qualitative and quantitative schlieren optical measurement of the human thermal plume (2020)

A new large-field, high-sensitivity, single-mirror coincident schlieren optical instrument has been installed at the Bauhaus-Universität Weimar for the purpose of indoor air research. Its performance is assessed by the non-intrusive measurement of the thermal plume of a heated manikin. The schlieren system produces excellent qualitative images of the manikin's thermal plume and also quantitative data, especially schlieren velocimetry of the plume's velocity field that is derived from the digital cross-correlation analysis of a large time sequence of schlieren images. The quantitative results are compared with thermistor and hot-wire anemometer data obtained at discrete points in the plume. Good agreement is obtained, once the differences between path-averaged schlieren data and planar anemometry data are reconciled.
Supplementary Table 1, Figures 1-4 from Oncogenic Role of <i>miR-483-3p</i> at the <i>IGF2/483</i> Locus (2023)

Supplementary Table 1, Figures 1-4 from Oncogenic Role of &lt;i&gt;miR-483-3p&lt;/i&gt; at the &lt;i&gt;IGF2/483&lt;/i&gt; Locus
EFFECT OF OUTFLOW CANNULA PLACEMENT AND PULSATILITY OF BLOOD PUMPS ON CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND WALL SHEAR STRESS DURING CARDIAC ASSIST (2014)

Device cannulation to the cardiovascular system (CVS) is an important consideration for cardiac assist. Some devices return blood via the ascending aorta, while others place the outflow cannula in the descending aorta. A Computational Fluid Dynamics study in dependency on different flow profiles representing different devices was undertaken for both approaches. The main goal was to develop a computational model to analyze the impact of different parameters of Ventricular Assist Devices (VAD) support on flow conditions in general and cerebral perfusion in particular. A 3D model of the human CVS was reconstructed from Magnetic Resonance Imaging data. A VAD outflow cannula was placed in four different positions inside ascending and proximal descending aorta. Transient numerical simulations were performed for each position assuming continuous and physiologically modulated device flow. The physiological flow from the heart was set to zero for a non-beating heart condition and 3 L/min for a weak heart condition. Main flow variables are only slightly affected by the cannulation method but highly affected by the flow profile. Wall shear stress is increased for pulsatile support, whereby arteriosclerotic plaque embolism might be induced. The cerebral blood flow is increased for cannulation of the descending aorta for each condition.
Supplementary Figure S5 from Tumor Cell–Autonomous SHP2 Contributes to Immune Suppression in Metastatic Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Corresponding representative dot plots for the quantification in figure 2D-F and additional myeloid composition analysis in the study of D2.A1 model.&lt;/p&gt;
Lateral GaN JFET Devices on Large Area Engineered Substrates (2019)

Lateral GaN-based p-n junction gated field effect transistor (LJFET) power transistors on large area substrates were fabricated as a proof-of-concept to evaluate candidate power switching devices that could be designed with avalanche breakdown capability. The devices performed to design specifications aimed at demonstrating a device suitable for operation in cascode with a normally-off low-voltage Si based transistor companion. The maximum current density was 200 mA/mm and threshold voltage was −30V. Large gate width devices (40mm) exhibited >1A current. The devices have blocking capability to 800V. Initial testing of the switching dynamics indicates low dynamic RON even with an un-optimized buffer.