gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low-Complexity Adaptive DPD: From Online Optimization to Meta-Learning (2022)

In this paper, we investigate low-complexity and adaptive digital predistorsion (DPD) techniques in order to enhance wireless communication system latency, complexity and power consumption. Specifically, we introduce efficient meta-learning based solutions for time-varying power amplifier (PA) linearization that allow to reduce hardware complexity. Our first proposed solution consists in a meta-learning based neural network (NN) model that is capable to perform, offline, an optimal initialization of the NN based DPD. This leads to an efficient and fast adaptation of the DPD to the time-varying PA characteristics, i.e., few shots are needed during online calibration. Interestingly, we introduced a different approach, referred to as DPD NN Weights Selector (DPDNNWS), that offers the ability to approximate more accurately the current PA characteristic. These solutions have been compared in terms of complexity and performance w.r.t Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) and Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR). Performance of the proposed approaches are benchmarked with the conventional learning based DPD approach. To offer low-complexity DPD, a dedicated NN structure is designed to derive DPD functions using few neurons. Our numerical simulations demonstrated that our proposed DPDNNWS and meta-learning approaches provide satisfying results when used online for several PA models. Contrary to conventional DPD, these approaches can be used to reduce hardware complexity implementation and data usage during online adaptation. Indeed, through numerical evaluation, it appears that meta-learning can reach satisfying performance using only 3000 IQ symbols during online adaptation. Besides, the DPDNNWS approach exhibits performance close to a linear power amplifier. Both solutions allow to achieve excellent performance compared to the state of the art solutions.
Defining a Minimum Set of Standardized Patient-centered Outcome Measures for Macular Degeneration (2016)

The recommended minimum outcomes and pragmatic reporting standards should enable standardized, meaningful assessments and comparisons of macular degeneration treatment outcomes. Adoption could accelerate global improvements in standardized data gathering and reporting of patient-centered outcomes. This can facilitate informed decisions by patients and health care providers, plus allow long-term monitoring of aggregate data, ultimately improving understanding of disease progression and treatment responses.
Abstract 1238: Diagnostic and therapeutic potential of nuclear receptor expression in lung cancer (2010)

Abstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death with the highest mortality among cancers. Although several studies have been published on prognostic biomarkers for lung cancer patients, little attention has been given to identify diagnostic biomarkers and new therapeutic targets. Nuclear receptors are druggable targets due to their ligand-controlled activity, and indeed have become well-established therapeutic tools for treating patients with strong estrogen receptor alpha (ERα)-positive breast cancer or androgen-dependent prostate cancer. Our aims in this study were (1) to investigate if the NR superfamily as a whole or individually showed diagnostic potential, (2) to evaluate NRs as therapeutic targets using both in vitro cell lines and in vivo xenografts. Utilizing quantitative real-time PCR (QPCR), we profiled the mRNA expression of the NR superfamily in a panel of 56 lung cell lines, including 5 normal human bronchial epithelial cells, 10 immortalized cell lines, 14 small cell lung cancers (SCLCs), and 27 non-SCLCs. All individual cell lines were characterized by DNA fingerprinting and gene expression using the affymetrix U133 A plus B microarray. Unsupervised cluster analysis of the QPCR profile and the microarray signature of the NR superfamily revealed that the NR superfamily was able to segregate normal/immortalized cells from tumor cell lines, and SCLCs from non-SCLCs. Further analysis identified subsets of NRs responsible for this discriminatory ability. In addition, using publicly available microarray datasets, we found that the NR signature has a predictive power with an accuracy of 79% for lung cancer incidence in smokers (n=129), in which a prediction model was constructed in a training set (n=77) using penalized logistic regression (PLR), and validated in a testing cohort (n=52). Finally, preclinical evaluation of a panel of NRs ¬- androgen receptor, ERα, vitamin D receptor, and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma - for their therapeutic potential showed receptor-specific and ligand-dependent cell growth responses in lung cancer cell lines. Evaluation of one receptor/ligand pair using a mouse xenograft model confirmed receptor-specific tumor growth response in vivo. Collectively, our study provides preclinical evidence that the expression of the NR superfamily yields theragnostic (therapy plus diagnosis) information for predicting lung cancer type and incidence, while simultaneously offering therapeutic targets for potential lung cancer treatment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1238.
Auslegung und Optimierung von hybriden Trennverfahren (2004)

Abstract Unter hybriden Trennverfahren versteht man die Verschaltung von mindestens zwei verschiedenen, apparativ getrennten Grundoperationen, die zur Trennaufgabe beitragen. Hybride Trennverfahren werden bei schwierigen Trennungen, wie bei engsiedenden oder azeotropen Gemischen, eingesetzt, wenn eine einzelne Grundoperation, z. B. Rektifikation, Extraktion, Kristallisation, Membranverfahren oder Chromatographie, gar nicht oder nur mit sehr großem Aufwand zum Ziel führt. Aufgrund der Struktur des Hybridprozesses, die das Vorhandensein mindestens zwei verschiedener Grundoperationen und eine entsprechende Anzahl von Rückführungen impliziert, ist die Auslegung komplex, sie wird deshalb z. Z. systematisch in der Forschung untersucht. In dieser Arbeit werden die Anforderungen an eine Auslegungsmethodik für hybride Trennverfahren dargestellt. Es wird eine Methodik vorgestellt, die auf einer detaillierten Modellierung der Grundoperationen und einer simultanen Mehrvariablen‐Optimierung beruht. Die Anwendbarkeit dieser Methodik wird anhand einer Isomerentrennung gezeigt.
Fluorinated and N-Acryloyl-Modified 3,5-Di[(E)-benzylidene]piperidin-4-one Curcuminoids for the Treatment of Pancreatic Carcinoma (2023)

Pancreatic carcinoma is a cancer disease with high mortality. Thus, new and efficient treatments for this disease are badly needed. Curcumin has previously shown promising effects in pancreatic cancer patients; however, this natural compound suffers from inadequate efficacy and bioavailability, preventing its clinical approval. The synthetic curcuminoid EF24 was developed with activities superior to curcumin against various cancer types. In this study, a series of analogs of EF24 were investigated for anticancer effects on pancreatic carcinoma models. A distinct activity boost was achieved by straightforward <i>N</i>-acrylation of EF24 analogs, in particular, of compounds bearing 3-fluoro-4-methoxybenzylidene, 3,4-difluorobenzylidene, and 4-trifluoromethylbenzylidene moieties, while no improvement was seen for <i>N</i>-acryloyl-modified EF24. Apoptosis induction and suppression of phospho-STAT3 levels were determined, the latter corroborated by docking of active curcuminoids into STAT3. Hence, promising new clues for the development of efficient and superior curcuminoids as valuable treatment options for one of the most lethal cancer diseases were discovered in this study.
Template-Based Generation of Streaming Accelators from a High Level Presentation (2006)

A design methodology and prototype tool to automate the design and architectural exploration of hardware accelerators are described in this paper. In comparison to other approaches, we utilize a well-engineered template to enable fast convergence to an area and speed efficient design. We show how this methodology is used for an application set with various architectural configurations
Total Synthesis of (−)-Laulimalide (2002)

(-)-Laulimalide (1), a structurally novel macrolide isolated in trace amounts from marine sponges, promotes abnormal tubulin polymerization and apoptosis in vitro, with a similar mode of action to that of Taxol(R), but with potentially less susceptibility to multidrug resistance. Herein, a flexible and convergent asymmetric synthesis of (-)-laulimalide is described. This synthesis featured a highly diastereoselective Sakurai reaction of 2 with 3 and a regioselective macrolactonization of an unprotected vicinal diol. Laulimalide was synthesized in 25 steps (longest linear; 36 overall) in 3.5% overall yield, providing a uniquely short and efficient route to 1 and its analogues.
High air volume to low liquid volume aerosol collector (2023)

A high air volume to low liquid volume aerosol collector. A high volume flow of aerosol particles is drawn into an annular, centripetal slot in a collector which directs the aerosol flow into a small volume of liquid pool contained is a lower center section of the collector. The annular jet of air impinges into the liquid, imbedding initially airborne particles in the liquid. The liquid in the pool continuously circulates in the lower section of the collector by moving to the center line, then upwardly, and through assistance by a rotating deflector plate passes back into the liquid at the outer area adjacent the impinging air jet which passes upwardly through the liquid pool and through a hollow center of the collector, and is discharged via a side outlet opening. Any liquid droplets escaping with the effluent air are captured by a rotating mist eliminator and moved back toward the liquid pool. The collector includes a sensor assembly for determining, controlling, and maintaining the level of the liquid pool, and includes a lower centrally located valve assembly connected to a liquid reservoir and to an analyzer for analyzing the particles which are impinged into the liquid pool.
Compiling C/C++ SIMD Extensions for Function and Loop Vectorizaion on Multicore-SIMD Processors (2012)

SIMD vectorization has received significant attention in the past decade as an important method to accelerate scientific applications, media and embedded applications on SIMD architectures such as Intel <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup> SSE, AVX, and IBM* AltiVec. However, most of the focus has been directed at loops, effectively executing their iterations on multiple SIMD lanes concurrently relying upon program hints and compiler analysis. This paper presents a set of new C/C++ high-level vector extensions for SIMD programming, and the Intel <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup> C++ product compiler that is extended to translate these vector extensions and produce optimized SIMD instruction sequences of vectorized functions and loops. For a function, our main idea is to vectorize the entire function for callers instead of just vectorizing loops (if any) inside the function. It poses the challenge of dealing with complicated control-flow in the function body, and matching caller and callee for SIMD vector calls while vectorizing caller functions (or loops) and callee functions. Our compilation methods for automatically compiling vector extensions are described. We present performance results of several non-trivial visual computing, computational, and simulation workloads, utilizing SIMD units through the vector extensions on Intel <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup> Multicore 128-bit SIMD processors, and we show that significant SIMD speedups (3.07x to 4.69x) are achieved over the serial execution.
Interaction between heart rate variability and respiration in preterm infants (2008)

Several studies have focused attention on cardio-respiratory function as an important indicator of development in infants. In the preterm infant, however, it remains unclear whether respiratory activity already affects heart beat variations at such an early development stage. In this work we investigate the presence of cardio-respiratory coupling in preterm infants by quantifying the interaction between heart rate variability and respiration using multivariate autoregressive analysis. We evaluated the frequency domain indices using standard methods. Results show a significantly higher coupling, as confirmed by surrogate data analysis, in the frequency range associated with regular breathing compared to other ranges. These observations indicate a mild, but present, respiratory sinus arrhythmia in preterm infants.
Synthesis, structure, and optoelectronic properties of a new twistacene 1,2,3,4,6,13-hexaphenyl-7 : 8,11 : 12-bisbenzo-pentacene (2010)

We report the synthesis, optical and electrochemical properties, as well as the fabrication of light-emitting devices for a new twistacene 1,2,3,4,6,13-hexaphenyl-7 : 8,11 : 12-bisbenzo-pentacene (HBP 1). Its structure, determined by X-ray crystallography, confirmed that this material has a twisted topology with the torsion angle as high as 23.0°. HBP 1 showed bright green emission both in solution and solid state. The HOMO–LUMO gap of HBP 1 calculated from the difference between the half-wave redox potentials (E1/2ox = +0.74 eV and E1/2red = −1.93 eV) is 2.67 eV, which is in good agreement with the band gap, 2.64 eV, derived from the UV-Vis absorption data. Organic light emitting devices using HBP 1 as the emitters have been fabricated. The results revealed that twistacenes are promising materials to enhance the efficiency of OLEDs.
A computational investigation of nucleation processes in organic crystals (2007)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, February 2008.
Differential Internalization of Mammalian and Non-mammalian Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Receptors (2001)

Desensitization and internalization of G-protein-coupled receptors can reflect receptor phosphorylation-dependent binding of beta-arrestin, which prevents G-protein activation and targets receptors for internalization via clathrin-coated vesicles. These can be pinched off by a dynamin collar, and proteins controlling receptor internalization can also mediate mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulates internalization of its receptors via clathrin-coated vesicles. Mammalian GnRH receptors (GnRH-Rs) are unique in that they lack C-terminal tails and do not rapidly desensitize, whereas non-mammalian GnRH-R have C-terminal tails and, where investigated, do rapidly desensitize and internalize. Using recombinant adenovirus expressing human and Xenopus GnRH-Rs we have explored the relationship between receptor internalization and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling in HeLa cells with regulated tetracycline-controlled expression of wild-type or a dominant negative mutant (K44A) of dynamin. These receptors were phospholipase C-coupled and had appropriate ligand affinity and specificity. K44A dynamin expression did not alter human GnRH-R internalization but dramatically reduced internalization of Xenopus GnRH-R (and epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor). Blockade of clathrin-mediated internalization (sucrose) abolished internalization of all three receptors. Both GnRH-Rs also mediated phosphorylation of ERK 2 and for both receptors, this was inhibited by K44A dynamin. The same was true for EGF- and protein kinase C-mediated ERK 2 phosphorylation. ERK 2 phosphorylation was also inhibited by a protein kinase C inhibitor but not affected by an EGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. We conclude that a) desensitizing and non-desensitizing GnRH-Rs are targeted for clathrin-coated vesicle-mediated internalization by functionally distinct mechanisms, b) GnRH-R signaling to ERK 2 is dynamin-dependent and c) this does not reflect a dependence on dynamin-dependent GnRH-R internalization.
Monolithically-Integrated Single-Photon Avalanche Diode in a Zero-Change Standard CMOS Process for Low-Cost and Low-Voltage LiDAR Application (2019)

We present a single-photon sensor based on the single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) that is suitable for low-cost and low-voltage light detection and ranging (LiDAR) applications. It is implemented in a zero-change standard 0.18-μm complementary metal oxide semiconductor process at the minimum cost by excluding any additional processing step for customized doping profiles. The SPAD is based on circular shaped P+/N-well junction of 8-μm diameter, and it achieves low breakdown voltage below 10 V so that the operation voltage of the single-photon sensor can be minimized. The quenching and reset circuit is integrated monolithically to capture photon-generated output pulses for measurement. A complete characterization of our single-photon sensor is provided.
The Role of Suppression in Amblyopia (2011)

These results suggest that suppression may have a primary role in the amblyopia syndrome and therefore have implications for the treatment of amblyopia.
An Overview of Microwave Resonance Therapy and EEG Correlates of Microwave Resonance Relaxation and Other Consciousness Altering Techniques (2000)

Microwave Resonance Therapy (MRT) is a novel medical treatment representing a synthesis of the ancient Chinese traditional knowledge in medicine (acupuncture) and recent breakthroughs in biophysics. MRT affects the appropriate acupuncture points by the generation of high-frequency microwaves (52–78 GHz); remarkable clinical results are being achieved. In this paper, the quantum-like macroscopic biophysical bases of MRT are elaborated, offering new insights into the mechanisms of the assembling gap junction hemichannels on the internal microwave (MW) electromagnetic field spatiotemporal maxima at the temporary position of the acupuncture system, and hence insights into the biophysical nature of temporary psychosomatic health or disease. Such a picture also supports an electromagnetic/ionic “optical” ultra-low-frequency modulated MW quantum holographic neural network-like function of the acupuncture system (similar to complex-valued oscillatory holographic, Hopfield-like neural networks), and its essential relation to consciousness, as strongly suggested from biophysical modeling of altered states of consciousness. Finally, our electroencephalographic (EEG) investigations showed more or less characteristic EEG features in many subjects when relaxation was induced by MRT applied to corresponding acupuncture points, as well as by some other activities that may alter consciousness (transcendental meditation, musicogenic states, healer/healee noncontact interaction, drowsiness), demonstrating that EEG may permit rapid and reproducible identification of different states of consciousness, which could be useful in evaluating the effectiveness of consciousness altering techniques and related stress reduction.
<title>Analog neural networks for focal-plane image processing</title> (1990)

Autonomous systems have to overcome two major problems in interpreting the data collected by sensors. These problems are due to the fact that multiple real world scenes can produce a given intensity distribution and that sensor data is often corrupted by noise. These problems can be solved by imposing certain a priori knowledge about the world to arrive at a unique solution. This reduces early vision problems to constrained optimization problems, which can be conveniently formulated as energy minimization problems in the framework of Regularization Theory. These energy functions can be implemented in analog hardware. This feature makes this approach very attractive for real time autonomous systems. We are presently developing algorithms and analog CMOS chips based on this approach for focal plane image processing.
A distributed algorithm for delay-constrained unicast routing (2002)

We study the NP-hard delay-constrained least-cost path problem, and propose a simple, distributed heuristic solution: the delay-constrained unicast routing (DCUR) algorithm. The DCUR requires limited network state information to be kept at each node: a cost vector and a delay vector. We prove the DCUR's correctness by showing that it is always capable of constructing a loop-free delay-constrained path within finite time, if such a path exists. The worst case message complexity of the DCUR is O(|V|/sup 3/) messages, where |V| is the number of nodes. However simulation results show that, on average, the DCUR requires much fewer messages. Therefore, the DCUR scales well to large networks. We also use simulation to compare the DCUR to the optimal algorithm, and to the least-delay path algorithm. Our results show that the DCUR's path costs are within 10% from those of the optimal solution.
Imaging Techniques in Drug Development and Clinical Practice (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Cancer Biology Cancer Biomarkers Imaging Techniques Examples of Imaging Assessment of Tumor Response Challenges of Imaging in Drug Development and Validation Conclusions and Future Perspectives References
The Status of Religious Arbitration in the United States and Canada (2011)

This article discusses, and challenges, the status of religious arbitration in the United States and Canada. Religious arbitration - defined as the settling of disputes informally by religious principles, rather than by having recourse to the courts - has been written about considerably in recent years. Many writers have argued that religious arbitration can be used to enhance religious freedom, and have discussed how secular rights can be protected before religious tribunals. 
This article makes the opposite argument. It examines religious arbitration by looking at constitutional law on free exercise in the United States and Canada, and argues that religious arbitration agreements and awards have a limiting effect on religious freedom. Therefore, these agreements and awards should only be enforced in civil courts when courts are not competent to handle the disputes themselves. 
Courts lack the required competence when the subject-matter of the dispute is inherently religious. In such situations, the freedom-promoting aspect of a court’s enforcement of a religious arbitration agreement or award outweighs the negative effect on freedom of religion, because the courts can provide necessary support for religious institutions. However, when the subject-matter of a dispute is entirely secular, there is no such benefit for freedom of religion. Therefore, freedom of religion is constrained by binding religious arbitral agreements and awards on secular matters, and courts should decline to enforce such agreements or awards.