gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antiplasmodial Activity and Toxicological Assessment of Curcumin PLGA-Encapsulated Nanoparticles (2017)

Curcumin is a polyphenolic pigment isolated from the rhizomes of <i>Curcuma longa</i> (turmeric), a medicinal plant widely used in the ancient Indian and Chinese medicine. The antiplasmodial activity of curcumin is often hampered by its fast metabolism and poor water solubility, thus its incorporation into a delivery system could circumvent this problem. This study aimed to evaluate the <i>in vivo</i> antiplasmodial activity and the toxicity assessment of curcumin incorporated into poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles. Curcumin was loaded with poly (D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) using solvent evaporation from oil-in-water single emulsion method. The nanoparticles were characterized and evaluated <i>in vivo</i> for antimalarial activities using Peter's 4-day suppressive protocol in mice model. Hematological and hepatic toxicity assays were performed on whole blood and plasma, respectively. <i>In vivo</i> anti-parasitic test and toxicity assays for free and encapsulated drug were performed at 5 and 10 mg/kg. <i>In vitro</i> cytotoxicity of free and PLGA encapsulated curcumin (Cur-PLGA) to RAW 264.7 cell line was also determined at varying concentrations (1000-7.8 μg/mL). The size and entrapment efficiency of the nanoparticulate drug formulated was 291.2 ± 82.1 nm and 21.8 ± 0.4 respectively. The percentage parasite suppression (56.8%) at 5 mg/kg was significantly higher than in free drug (40.5%) of similar concentration (<i>p</i> < 0.05) but not at 10 mg/kg (49.5%) at 4-day post-treatment. There were no significant differences in most of the recorded blood parameters in free curcumin and PLGA encapsulated nanoparticulate form (<i>p</i> > 0.05) except in lymphocytes which were significantly higher in Cur-PLGA compared to the free drug (<i>p</i> < 0.05). There were no significant differences in hepatotoxic biomarkers; aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase concentrations in various treatment groups (<i>p</i> > 0.05). At higher concentrations (1000 and 500 μg/mL), Cur-PLGA entrapped nanoparticle showed higher toxicity compared with the free drug (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in exposed RAW 264.7 cell line. The cell viability was, however, higher in Cur-PLGA nanoparticles than in free curcumin at lower concentrations (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The antiplasmodial activity and safety of Cur-PLGA was better at lower concentration.
Genetics and Function of the Capsules of Burkholderia pseudomallei and Their Potential as Therapeutic Targets (2009)

Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, a fatal disease that is endemic to Southeast Asia and northern Australia. The clinical manifestations of melioidosis may range from an acute pneumonia or acute septicemia, to chronic and latent infections. B. pseudomallei is inherently resistant to a number of antibiotics, and even with aggressive antibiotic therapy, the mortality rate remains high, and the incidence of relapse is common. The resistance of this organism to a number of antibiotics has created a need for the development of other therapeutic strategies, including the identification of novel therapeutic targets. B. pseudomallei has been shown to produce a number of capsular polysaccharides, one of which has been shown to contribute to the virulence of the organism. The structures of these polysaccharides have been determined and the genes encoding for the biosynthesis of one of the capsular polysaccharides (CPS I) have been identified. Analysis of the genome sequence of this organism has revealed the presence of three other capsule gene clusters that may encode for the chemical structures previously identified. Since one of the capsules produced by B. pseudomallei has been shown to be important in virulence, the genes encoding for the proteins responsible for its biosynthesis may be considered as potential targets.
Do control variables exist? (1995)

Abstract We argue that the concept of a control variable (CV) as described by Feldman and Levin needs to be revised because it does not account for the influence of sensory feedback from the periphery. We provide evidence from the realm of rhythmic movements that sensory feedback can permanently alter the frequency and phase of a centrally generated rhythm.
Maximum Achievable Gain of Annular-Shaped Beams (2021)

The maximum achievable gain and the corresponding source distribution for an annular or “donut”-shaped beam produced by a circular aperture are studied. Expressing the source in terms of orthogonal basis functions and then applying Lagrange’s multiplier method, the optimum source distribution is determined. The residue calculus is then invoked for the closed-form expressions. Numerical results are shown and discussed. In applications such as direction finding and satellite tracking systems on moving vehicles, a high-gain annular beam is suitable for maintaining uninterrupted connectivity.
Portable and quantitative evaluation of stem cell therapy towards damaged hepatocytes (2015)

Stem cell therapy has recently emerged as a breakthrough technology to treat a variety of diseases.
Perspective: The Ovarian Kaleidoscope Database—II. Functional Genomic Analysis of an Organ-Specific Database (2002)

In the postgenomic era, it is now possible to investigate the function of all human genes to provide an integrated view of physiology and pathophysiology. An organ-based approach has been used to set up a database integrating existing text-based literature on individual ovarian genes and their sequence-based data in the GenBank. The Ovarian Kaleidoscope database (OKdb) has accumulated nearly one thousand individual gene pages that are searchable based on gene function, cellular localization, chromosomal position, ovarian cell type, ovarian function, mutant phenotypes, and other criteria. The present review exemplifies the use of this organ-based database in setting up gene pathway maps for DNA array analysis, identifying key gene networks essential for infertility phenotypes, comparing chromosomal synteny regions for finding candidate fertility genes, categorizing cell-specific and hormonally coregulated genes for promoter analysis, and documenting potential ligands and receptors in the paracrine regulation of follicular development. The present global analysis of gene function and relationships in an organ-specific manner provides a functional genomic paradigm for the future understanding of the physiology and pathophysiology of diverse organs.
Family history and risk of venous thromboembolism with oral contraception (2001)

Editor—Cosmi et al in their article claim that family history has poor diagnostic test qualities to detect prothrombotic mutations.1 They also indicate that overall population screening is not cost effective. Although it always was obvious that family history would never make a perfect test (of families with many cases of venous thrombosis, up to 40 or 50% have factor V Leiden2), the finding of an equal predictive value for a positive and a negative family history by Cosmi et al is surprising and might be due to the small numbers included or the type of history that was considered “positive.”

Even if family history is far from perfect as a diagnostic test for one or two mutations, the question is whether one should refrain from using it. In our original publication, we tried to emphasise the meaning of family history for the prescription of oral contraceptives, and not really as a clue for the detection of mutations.3 Apart from any prothrombotic mutation, a strongly positive family history might point to a tendency for venous thrombosis that might be taken into account clinically in the decision whether or not to use oral contraceptives.

Moreover, even the meaning of a mutation is different in the context of a positive family history: the age at first venous thrombosis with factor V Leiden is about 10 years younger in persons with a positive family history than in consecutive patients.4 The most important information that one would like to obtain from a family history is not a proxy test for factor V Leiden or any other mutation, but the likelihood that a woman will develop thrombosis if she uses oral contraceptives. Whether or not family history would be valuable for that purpose is the ultimate test.
Enyne [4+4] Cycloaddition/Oxidation: Ring Contraction via Cyclopropanones and Their Anionic Ring‐Opening Reactions (2016)

Abstract Irradiation of a 1,3‐enyne tethered to a 2‐pyridone, in the presence of oxygen, leads to formation of a seven‐membered ring product, an overall [4+4−1] reaction. This transformation involves two unstable intermediates and a sequence of unusual reactions. An initial [4+4] photocycloaddition of the enyne with the pyridone yields a 1,2,5‐cyclooctatriene. Photooxidation of this triene forms a cyclopropanone and subsequent photoextrusion of carbon monoxide gives the observed 1,4‐cycloheptadiene product. The first‐formed cyclooctatriene and the cyclopropanone could be observed and characterized spectroscopically. The cyclopropanone underwent CO extrusion both photochemically and thermally to give the cycloheptadiene product. Addition of fluoride or acetylide to the most stable cyclopropanone occurred chemoselectively at the two different silicon groups rather than the carbonyl group. The resulting cyclopropanone ring openings gave unsaturated aldehydes.
One-Pot Synthesis and Characterization of a Chromophore−Donor−Acceptor Assembly (1999)

The acid-functionalized tris-heteroleptic chromophore--donor--acceptor assembly [RuII(bpyCOOH)(bpyCH2PTZ)(bpyCH2MV2+)](PF6)4]4+ (1) (bpyCOOH = 4'-methyl-2,2'-bipyridine-4-carboxylic acid; bpyCH2PTZ = 10-((4'-methyl-2,2'-bipyridin-4-yl)methyl)phenothiazine; bpyCH2MV2+ = 1-((4'-methyl-2,2'-bipyridin-4-yl)methyl)-1'-methyl- 4,4'-bipyridinediium) was synthesized in a one-pot reaction by careful selection of the order of ligand addition to RuCl2(DMSO)4 (DMSO = dimethyl sulfoxide). The success of this method was based upon separation and isolation of 1 from mixtures containing ligand-scrambled products by cation exchange chromatography. Metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) excitation in acetonitrile at 464 nm was followed by intramolecular electron transfer to give a redox-separated state [RuII(bpyCOOH)(bpyCH2PTZ.+)(bpyCH2MV.+)]4+ with an efficiency of eta RS = 0.35 +/- 0.05.
Annular bed reactor‐methanation of carbon dioxide (1981)

Abstract Catalytic methanation of carbon dioxide has been studied in a new type of annular bed reactor. In this new design, the central core is packed with large inert spheres; the catalyst occupies the annular space between the inert spheres and the wall. A first‐generation model, representing insothermal operation of the annular bed, prepicts improved conversion for the packed compared to the unpacked‐core reactor.
Inter-Numerology Interference Analysis for 5G and Beyond (2018)

One of the defining characteristics of 5G is the flexibility it offers for supporting different services and communication scenarios. For this purpose, usage of multiple numerologies has been proposed by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). The flexibility provided by multi-numerology system comes at the cost of additional interference, known as inter-numerology interference (INI). This paper comprehensively explains the primary cause of INI, and then identifies and describes the factors affecting the amount of INI experienced by each numerology in the system. These factors include subcarrier spacing, number of used subcarriers, power offset, windowing operations and guard bands.
Pyrrolyl complexes of the early transition metals. 1. Synthesis and crystal structure of (.eta.5-C5H5)2Ti(.eta.1-NC4H4)2, (.eta.5-C5H5)2Zr(.eta.1-NC4H4)2, and [Na(THF)6]2[Zr(.eta.1-NC4H4)6] (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPyrrolyl complexes of the early transition metals. 1. Synthesis and crystal structure of (.eta.5-C5H5)2Ti(.eta.1-NC4H4)2, (.eta.5-C5H5)2Zr(.eta.1-NC4H4)2, and [Na(THF)6]2[Zr(.eta.1-NC4H4)6]R. Vann Bynum, William E. Hunter, Robin D. Rogers, and Jerry L. AtwoodCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1980, 19, 8, 2368–2374Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50210a039https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50210a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views214Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Work, neuromagma and fissures. Neo/postfordist scenario (2003)

To verify the existence of dichotomic split between activity and labour as a certain kind of genealogy has pointed out, allows us to deconstruct the complex phenomenology established by the fordist renovation (new-fordism) and techno-organizational mutation (post-fordism, cognitive capital,...) Promoted within the frame of production -reproduction of mercantilized socialization.. One of the most outstanding effects of these transformations is that labour becomes above all an absorption of neuromagma and the different modalities of intersubjective relation. Besides, the demand of workforce gets modified contracting itself and causing the expiration of the socalled ?working society?. All in all, it is about psycho-social swallowing up, the objection to some bahaviours, noises that distort momentarily sense and meaning. In general, what these questions reveal is the need of proposing new practice and categorizations regarding the theory of value and the critics to politics.
Multiple memory systems for efficient temporal order memory (2023)

We report distinct contributions of multiple memory systems to the retrieval of the temporal order of events. The neural dynamics related to the retrieval of movie scenes revealed that recalling the temporal order of close events elevates hippocampal theta power, like that observed for recalling close spatial relationships. In contrast, recalling far events increases beta power in the orbitofrontal cortex, reflecting recall based on the overall movie structure.
Supplementary Figure Legend from The Association of PI3 Kinase Signaling and Chemoresistance in Advanced Ovarian Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 63KB.&lt;/p&gt;
Rate Equations for modeling dispersive nonlinearity in Fabry-Perot semiconductor optical amplifiers (2003)

We model the non-linear gain characteristics of a Fabry-Perot semiconductor optical amplifier using a modified photon density rate equation. Good agreement is found with experimental results, with the simulation accurately reproducing all the major characteristics of the amplifier. To our knowledge, this is the first calculation using only the rate equations that accurately predicts the gain and nonlinear behavior of FPSOAs.
Koordinationschemische Synthesemethoden zum Aufbau supramolekularer Verbindungen (2001)

Organisch-präparativ arbeitenden Chemikern steht zur Herstellung von kleinen Molekülen, Nanostrukturen und Polymeren eine breite Palette zuverlässiger Reaktionen zur Verfügung. Koordinationschemiker hingegen sind damit konfrontiert, dass ihnen in der Übergangsmetallchemie im Vergleich zur Chemie des Kohlenstoffs selbst zur Synthese kleiner Molekülstrukturen nur relativ wenige mit hohen Ausbeuten verlaufende Reaktionen offenstehen, wenn man deren Zahl auf die Gesamtzahl der Übergangsmetalle umlegt. Dies liegt hauptsächlich an den im Vergleich zu den starken, kovalenten Bindungen in organischen Molekülen schwachen Metall-Ligand-Wechselwirkungen in Koordinationskomplexen. Eine schwache Bindung führt oft zu vielen Reaktionswegen, die sich energetisch nicht wesentlich unterscheiden, und folglich auch zu geringer Selektivität. Als Folge davon kamen viele Koordinationschemiker in den letzten Jahren zu der Erkenntnis, dass es leichter und ergiebiger sein könnte, einfache und zuverlässige Reaktionswege für supramolekulare Strukturen (im Nanomaßstab) so zu entwickeln, dass die wenigen Reaktionen aus der Koordinationschemie eingesetzt werden, die eine hohe Ausbeute liefern. Außerdem soll Kapital geschlagen werden aus den die Reaktionsrichtung dirigierenden Bindungen in den Metallzentren und aus den Strategien, die darauf abzielen, den Vorteil schwacher Metallbindungen in Koordinationskomplexen zu nutzen, um damit solche Architekturen aufzubauen. Die drei sich ergebenden Synthesestrategien, nämlich der „Symmetry-Interaction“-Ansatz, der „Directional-Bonding“-Ansatz und der „Weak-Bonding“-Ansatz nutzen alle Metallzentren als Strukturbausteine, um in gezielter Weise mit molekularen Komponenten supramolekulare Metallocyclophane aufzubauen. Diese drei Konzepte und ihre zugrunde liegenden Prinzipien werden in diesem Aufsatz behandelt, und es werden die sich daraus ergebenden Möglichkeiten verglichen und gegenübergestellt.
Amygdalar and hippocampal volumetry in control participants: differences regarding handedness. (2001)

Handedness, but not gender, seems to affect right-to-left amygdalar and hippocampal volume ratios.
Core–shell InGaN nanorod light emitting diodes: Electronic and optical device properties (2012)

Abstract In this theoretical study, we investigate both electronic and optical properties of core–shell InGaN nanorods (NRs) for light emitting diodes (LEDs). These structures feature active layers wrapped around high aspect ratio NR cores, thus allowing for an enormous increase in active area. Hence, efficiency may be increased by operating at lower carrier densities, mitigating efficiency droop known to limit conventional InGaN LEDs. Due to poor conductivity of the outer pGaN shell, current spreading along the entire NR length is challenging and requires an additional cover of transparent conductive oxide in order to fully exploit the active area. At the same time, quantum wells (QWs) on core–shell NRs are grown on m‐plane rather than conventional c‐plane GaN facets. The calculations show that the absence of piezoelectric fields on these non‐polar facets results in strong reabsorption of the emitted photons. A comprehensive numerical model is applied, linking internal quantum efficiency (IQE) and light extraction via the process of photon recycling. In summary, increasing optical absorption and photon recycling losses limit extraction efficiency. While this partially compensates the gain in IQE with increasing active area, a net improvement of the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of +10% is achievable by the proposed design of a novel core–shell NR LED.
Colosseum, the world's largest wireless network emulator (2021)

Practical experimentation and prototyping are core steps in the development of any wireless technology. Often times, however, this crucial step is confined to small laboratory setups that do not capture the scale of commercial deployments and do not ensure result reproducibility and replicability, or it is skipped altogether for lack of suitable hardware and testing facilities. Recent years have seen the development of publicly-available testing platforms for wireless experimentation at scale. Examples include the testbeds of the PAWR program and Colosseum, the world's largest wireless network emulator. With its 256 software-defined radios, 24 racks of powerful compute servers and first-of-its-kind channel emulator, Colosseum allows users to prototype wireless solutions at scale, and guarantees reproducibility and replicability of results. This tutorial provides an overview of the Colosseum platform. We describe the architecture and components of the testbed as a whole, and we then showcase how to run practical experiments in diverse scenarios with heterogeneous wireless technologies (e.g., Wi-Fi and cellular). We also emphasize how Colosseum experiments can be ported to different testing platforms, facilitating full-cycle experimental wireless research: design, experiments and tests at scale in a fully controlled and observable environment and testing in the field. The tutorial concludes with considerations on the flexible future of Colosseum, focusing on its planned extension to emulate larger scenarios and channels at higher frequency bands (mmWave).
Calculating endocardial potentials from epicardial potentials measured during external stimulation (1992)

This paper presents a boundary integral method for calculating the potential field generated by external stimulation at locations within the heart using realistic heart geometry and samples of the potential taken from the epicardial surface. This method assumes the heart is homogeneous and isotropic. To test the method we made epicardial and endocardial measurements in dogs during transthoracic pacing stimuli. From the epicardial potential measurements we predicted the endocardial potential values and compared them with the measured data. Despite the seemingly gross assumptions, the mean correlation coefficient between the measured and predicted potentials for three dogs and eleven stimulation electrode configurations was 0.985, and the mean rms error was 17%.
Redox‐Active Vanadium‐Based Polyoxometalate as an Active Element in Resistive Switching Based Nonvolatile Molecular Memory (2020)

Resistive switching (RS)‐based random access memory has been envisaged as a viable alternative to existing memory technology due to its nonvolatility, high switching speed, high endurance/retention, and considerably low operating voltage. Herein, a new uniform, repetitive, and stable RS phenomenon is demonstrated based on very low‐cost two‐terminal metal–insulator–metal stack fabricated using a highly redox‐active vanadium‐based polyoxometalate (POM) molecular clusters, [V 10 O 28 ] 6− —belonging to polyoxovanadate (POV) family. The RS is observed to be unipolar and nonvolatile in nature, and occur at a fairly low operating bias voltage (less than 2 V), making it suitable for low‐power operations. The switching event is attributed to the cycling between formation and rupture of tiny conductive nanofilaments formed due to trapping and detrapping of positively charged ionized oxygen vacancy sites present in the active switching layer of [V 10 O 28 ] 6− . POMs, in their rich abundance, are highly stable early transition‐metal oxide nanosized clusters, capable of storing as well as releasing a large number of electrons. In addition, they can undergo fast and reversible redox reactions (both in solid and liquid electrolyte media) in “stepwise” manner—a property that makes them a promising candidate for ultrafast and multi‐level nonvolatile molecular memory for high‐density data storage. Preliminary investigations on the POV‐based memory cells result in device resistance ratio ≈25, endurance for more than 200 cycles, and stable retention time around 2200 s, in fully open air condition.
Supplementary Data from The B7-H3–Targeting Antibody–Drug Conjugate m276-SL-PBD Is Potently Effective Against Pediatric Cancer Preclinical Solid Tumor Models (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Tables 1-2 and Supplemental Figures 1-10&lt;/p&gt;