gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mutations in the Type IV Collagens, COL4A1 and COL4A2 are Associated with Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Preterm Infants (2009)

DiLuna, Michael L. M.D.; Bilguvar, Kaya; Louvi, Angeliki; Bizzarro, Matthew M.D.; Bayrakli, Fatih; Bayri, Yasar M.D.; Bydon, Mohamad; Schneider, Karen; Duncan, Charles C. M.D.; State, Matthew; Lifton, Richard P. M.D., Ph.D.; Ment, Laura R.; Gunel, Murat M.D.
Generation of Nonlinear Force Driven Blocks from Skin Layer Interaction of Petawatt-Picosecond Laser Pulses for ICF (2004)

The discovery of the essential difference of maximum ion energy for TW - ps laser plasma interaction compared with the 100 ns laser pulses [1] led to the theory of a skin layer model [2] where the control of prepulses suppressed the usual relativistic self-focusing. The subsequent generation of two nonlinear force driven blocks has been demonstrated experimentally and in extensive numerical studies where one block moves against the laser light and the other block into the irradiated target. These blocks of nearly solid state density DT plasma correspond to ion beam current densities [3] exceeding 1010 A/cm2 where the ion velocity can be chosen up to highly relativistic values. Using the results of the expected ignition of DT fuel by light ion beams, a self-sustained fusion reaction front may be generated even into uncompressed solid DT fuel similar to the Nuckolls-Wood [4] scheme where 10 kJ laser pulses produce 100 MJ fusion energy. This new and simplified scheme of laser-ICF needs and optimisation of the involved parameters.
ChemInform Abstract: π‐Facial Diastereoselectivity in the Diels‐Alder Reactions of cis‐ Cyclohexa‐3,5‐diene‐1,2‐diol and Derivatives with N‐Phenylmaleimide. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Flow cytometric cell cycle analysis of cultured brown bear fibroblast cells (2008)

The aim of this study was to assess by flow cytometry the cell cycle of brown bear fibroblast cells cultured under different growth conditions. Skin biopsies were taken in Cantabria (Spain) from a live, anaesthetized brown bear. DNA analysis was performed by flow cytometry following cell DNA staining with propidium iodide. Serum starvation increased (P<0.01) the percentage of G0/G1 phase cells (92.7+/-0.86) as compared to cycling cells (39.7+/-0.86) or cells cultured to confluency (87.3+/-0.86). DMSO included for 48h in the culture significantly increased (P<0.01) the percentage of G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle at all concentrations used and decreased percentages of S phase in a dose-dependent fashion. Roscovitine increased the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle (P<0.01) at 15microM concentration. Interestingly, the G2/M stage significantly increased at 30 and 50microM compared to the control and 15microM (P<0.02). The cell cycle of brown bear adult fibroblast cells can be successfully synchronized under a variety of culture conditions.
Retraction of ‘Providing sustainable catalytic solutions for a rapidly changing world’ (2018)

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2018.0414.].
2000 IEEWEIA International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition FOLDED TYPE SAW FILTERS WITH MINIMISED GROUP DELAY DEVIATION (2000)

Aiming at realising the frequency response with small group delay deviation and wide passband width, we propose miniaturised surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters having folded propagation path and employing a straight edge mirror reflector for SH-type SAWS. In a filter fabricated on a PZT substrate, the group delay deviation of less than f15 ns and passband width of 5% were obtained at the centre frequency of 100 MHz. The experimental result and theoretical prediction were in good agreement with each other.
Discovery of a Novel and Brain-Penetrant O -GlcNAcase Inhibitor via Virtual Screening, Structure-Based Analysis, and Rational Lead Optimization (2021)

<i>O</i>-GlcNAcase (OGA) has received increasing attention as an attractive therapeutic target for tau-mediated neurodegenerative disorders; however, its role in these pathologies remains unclear. Therefore, potent chemical tools with favorable pharmacokinetic profiles are desirable to characterize this enzyme. Herein, we report the discovery of a potent and novel OGA inhibitor, compound <b>5i</b>, comprising an aminopyrimidine scaffold, identified by virtual screening based on multiple methodologies combining structure-based and ligand-based approaches, followed by sequential optimization with a focus on ligand lipophilicity efficiency. This compound was observed to increase the level of <i>O</i>-GlcNAcylated protein in cells and display suitable pharmacokinetic properties and brain permeability. Crystallographic analysis revealed that the chemical series bind to OGA via characteristic hydrophobic interactions, which resulted in a high affinity for OGA with moderate lipophilicity. Compound <b>5i</b> could serve as a useful chemical probe to help establish a proof-of-concept of OGA inhibition as a therapeutic target for the treatment of tauopathies.
Genetic Modification Removes an Immunodominant Allergen from Soybean, (2003)

The increasing use of soybean (Glycine max) products in processed foods poses a potential threat to soybean-sensitive food-allergic individuals. In vitro assays on soybean seed proteins with sera from soybean-sensitive individuals have immunoglobulin E reactivity to abundant storage proteins and a few less-abundant seed proteins. One of these low abundance proteins, Gly m Bd 30 K, also referred to as P34, is in fact a major (i.e. immunodominant) soybean allergen. Although a member of the papain protease superfamily, Gly m Bd 30 K has a glycine in the conserved catalytic cysteine position found in all other cysteine proteases. Transgene-induced gene silencing was used to prevent the accumulation of Gly m Bd 30 K protein in soybean seeds. The Gly m Bd 30 K-silenced plants and their seeds lacked any compositional, developmental, structural, or ultrastructural phenotypic differences when compared with control plants. Proteomic analysis of extracts from transgenic seed detected the suppression of Gly m Bd 30 K-related peptides but no other significant changes in polypeptide pattern. The lack of a collateral alteration of any other seed protein in the Gly m Bd 30 K-silenced seeds supports the presumption that the protein does not have a role in seed protein processing and maturation. These data provide evidence for substantial equivalence of composition of transgenic and non-transgenic seed eliminating one of the dominant allergens of soybean seeds.
Integrated hardware/software design of a high performance network interface (2001)

One of the ways in which the APIC addresses the memory bottleneck alluded to above is to function in a desk-area environment where different memories can be used to spread the load. The idea here is to dedicate one APIC chip and one memory bank to each high-bandwidth device in the system, thereby shedding the load from a host system&amp;apos;s main memory. Several such APIC-memory device combinations can be daisy chained to form a desk-area network with high bandwidth and low latency characteristics.
Corticosteroids inhibit anti-IgE activities of specialized proresolving mediators on B cells from asthma patients (2017)

Specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) promote the resolution of inflammation and exert beneficial effects in animal models of chronic inflammatory diseases, including asthma. Previously, we have shown that certain SPMs reduce IgE production in B cells from healthy individuals, which has a critical role in allergic asthma. Here, we investigated the effects of SPMs on B cell IgE production in asthma patients. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from asthma patients were treated with 17-HDHA or RvD1, and IgE levels were measured. RvD1 and 17-HDHA dampened IgE production in B cells from most asthma patients, whereas B cells from a subset of patients taking oral steroids were refractory to SPM treatment. Molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between corticosteroids and SPMs were investigated by treating B cells from nonasthmatic donors with corticosteroids in vitro. Corticosteroids blocked the inhibitory effects of 17-HDHA and RvD1 on B cell IgE production by abolishing the suppressive activity of these mediators on IgE class switching. Corticosteroids decreased the expression of transcriptional repressor Bcl-6 as well as its suppressive activity on epsilon germline transcription. We conclude that 17-HDHA and RvD1 can reduce IgE production in asthma patients not taking high doses of steroids but that corticosteroids interfere with the ability of B cells to respond to proresolving mediators.
Suppl Figure 4 from PLZF, a Tumor Suppressor Genetically Lost in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer, Is a Mediator of Resistance to Androgen Deprivation Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Suppl Figure 4. To evaluate the inhibitory effect of MAPK inhibitors on of PLZF depleted LNCaP cells&lt;/p&gt;
Mechanism of Electric Power Generation from Ionic Droplet Motion on Polymer Supported Graphene (2018)

Graphene-based electric power generation that converts mechanical energy of flow of ionic droplets over the device surface into electricity has emerged as a promising candidate for blue-energy network. Yet the lack of a microscopic understanding of the underlying mechanism has prevented ability to optimize and control the performance of such devices. This requires information on interfacial structure and charging behavior at the molecular level. Here, we use sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy to study the roles of solvated ions, graphene, surface moiety on substrate and water molecules at the aqueous solution/graphene/polymer interface. We discover that the surface dipole layer of the neutral polymer is responsible for ion attraction toward and adsorption at the graphene surface that leads to electricity generation in graphene. Graphene itself does not attract ions and only acts as a conducting sheet for the induced carrier transport. Replacing the polymer by an organic ferroelectric substrate could allow switching of the electricity generation with long durability. Our microscopic understanding of the electricity generation process paves the way for the rational design of scalable and more efficient droplet-motion-based energy transducer devices.
Sensitivity of k{sub {infinity}} to homogenization, and dimension and composition uncertainties for plate type research reactor fuel (2006)

As a part of the Dept. of Energy's Innovations in Nuclear Infrastructure and Education (INIE) Program a full facility model is being built of the Ohio State Univ. Research Reactor (OSURR) using the discrete ordinates transport code, PENTRAN. Since the thickness of the fuel plate of OSURR is very small, billions of spatial meshes are required in order to represent the whole reactor core. This, however, is not practical even with the PENTRAN code which is capable of partitioning the memory among processors. Hence, it is essential to consider a certain level of homogenization of fuel, clad, and/or moderator/coolant. Further, since fuel and cladding materials contain impurities and dimensions include tolerances, it also is important to estimate their impacts on the core eigenvalue. The impacts of different homogenization cases as well as the uncertainties in composition and dimensions of the fuel plates on k{sub {infinity}} are examined. To estimate the accuracy of different cases, Monte Carlo reference calculations are performed using the MCNP5 code. The selected combination will be used for full-facility simulation. (authors)
Understanding the energy efficiency of simultaneous multithreading (2004)

Simultaneous multithreading (SMT) has proven to be an effective method of increasing the performance of microprocessors by extracting additional instruction-level parallelism from multiple threads. In current microprocessor designs, power-efficiency is of critical importance, and we present modeling extensions to an architectural simulator to allow us to study the power-performance efficiency of SMT. After a thorough design space exploration we find that SMT can provide a performance speedup of nearly 20% for a wide range of applications with a power overhead of roughly 24%. Thus, SMT can provide a substantial benefit for energy-efficiency metrics such as ED2. We also explore the underlying reasons for the power uplift, analyze the impact of leakage-sensitive process technologies, and discuss our model validation strategy.
Real-Index Guided Blue-Green Laser Diode with Small Beam Astigmatism Fabricated Using ZnO Buried Structure (1996)

Real index-guided blue-green lasers with a small beam astigmatism have been demonstrated. A ZnO buried layer with low refractive index and high resistivity was used to obtain the real index-guided structure. The ridge stripe was fabricated by electron cyclotron resonance plasma etching with Cl 2 /H 2 discharge which realizes anisotropic etching. The beam astigmatism value for the ZnO buried ridge waveguide laser was measured to be less than 0.5 µm as a result of the real index-guiding effect, in contrast to 25 µm for the conventional gain-guided laser. A stable single lateral mode operation was also obtained at up to 18 mW for the real index-guided laser.
Synthesis and characterization of polyesters based on 1,1,1‐[bis(4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐4′‐pentadecylphenyl]ethane (2010)

Abstract Aromatic polyesters are of considerable interest because of their excellent mechanical properties, chemical resistance and thermal stability. However, most aromatic polyesters are difficult to process due to their high glass transition temperatures coupled with their insolubility in common organic solvents. The present article describes a series of organosoluble polyesters and copolyesters based on 1,1,1‐[bis(4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐4′‐pentadecylphenyl]ethane. A series of new aromatic polyesters containing pendant pentadecyl chains was synthesized by interfacial polycondensation of 1,1,1‐[bis(4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐4′‐pentadecylphenyl]ethane with terephthalic acid chloride (TPC), isophthalic acid chloride (IPC) and a mixture of TPC and IPC. A series of copolyesters was synthesized from 4,4′‐isopropylidenediphenol with TPC by incorporating 1,1,1‐[bis(4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐4′‐pentadecylphenyl]ethane as a comonomer. Inherent viscosities of the polyesters and copolyesters were in the range 0.72–1.65 dL g −1 and number‐average molecular weights were in the range 18 170–87 220. The polyesters and copolyesters containing pendant pentadecyl chains dissolved readily in organic solvents such as chloroform, dichloromethane, pyridine and m ‐cresol and could be cast into transparent, flexible and apparently tough films. Wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction data revealed the amorphous nature of the polyesters and copolyesters. The formation of loosely developed layered structure was observed due to the packing of pendant pentadecyl chains. The temperature at 10% weight loss, determined using thermogravimetric analysis in nitrogen atmosphere, of the polyesters and copolyesters containing pendant pentadecyl chains was in the range 400–460 °C. The polyesters and copolyesters exhibited glass transition temperatures in the range 63–82 °C and 177–183 °C, respectively. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Coplanar ZnO Thin-Film Transistor Using Boron Ion Doped Source/Drain Contacts (2009)

We studied a coplanar zinc oxide (ZnO) thin-film transistor (TFT) using boron ion doped source/drain contacts. The ZnO was sputtered using an Ar and mixture at a substrate temperature of . The boron ion doped ZnO layer, having a sheet resistance of , was used as the source/drain contacts of the TFT. The coplanar ZnO TFT exhibited a field-effect mobility of , a threshold voltage of 4.48 V, a gate voltage swing of 0.29 V/dec, and an on/off ratio of .
Magnetic properties on the surface of FeAl stripes induced by nanosecond pulsed laser irradiation (2014)

We demonstrate the formation of magnetic nanostripes on the surface of Fe52Al48 induced by nanosecond pulsed laser irradiation and investigate their magnetic properties. The magnetic stripe consists of a disordered A2 phase of Fe-Al alloys with Al-oxide along the [110] direction on the (111)-oriented plane. According to the focused magneto-optical Kerr effect measurement, the coercive force of the magnetic stripe obeys the 1/cos θ law, where θ is the field rotation angle estimated from the stripe direction. Also, the jump field can be observed in the magnetic hysteresis loop. These results indicate that the magnetization reversal in the magnetic stripe originates from the domain pinning, showing that the magnetization rotates incoherently.
Structural Determinants for the Binding of Morphinan Agonists to the μ-Opioid Receptor (2015)

Atomistic descriptions of the μ-opioid receptor (μOR) noncovalently binding with two of its prototypical morphinan agonists, morphine (MOP) and hydromorphone (HMP), are investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Subtle differences between the binding modes and hydration properties of MOP and HMP emerge from the calculations. Alchemical free energy perturbation calculations show qualitative agreement with in vitro experiments performed in this work: indeed, the binding free energy difference between MOP and HMP computed by forward and backward alchemical transformation is 1.2±1.1 and 0.8±0.8 kcal/mol, respectively, to be compared with 0.4±0.3 kcal/mol from experiment. Comparison with an MD simulation of μOR covalently bound with the antagonist β-funaltrexamine hints to agonist-induced conformational changes associated with an early event of the receptor's activation: a shift of the transmembrane helix 6 relative to the transmembrane helix 3 and a consequent loss of the key R165-T279 interhelical hydrogen bond. This finding is consistent with a previous proposal suggesting that the R165-T279 hydrogen bond between these two helices indicates an inactive receptor conformation.
Silicon photonic transceivers for beyond 1-Tb/s datacom applications (Conference Presentation) (2017)

The field of silicon photonics is attracting a lot of attention due to the prospect of low-cost and compact circuits that integrate photonic and microelectronic elements on a single chip. Such silicon chips have applications in optical transmitter and receiver circuits for short-distance communications as well as for long-haul optical transmissions. Silicon photonics has proven to be a successful platform for many functional elements such as low-loss waveguides, filters, multiplexers/demultiplexers, optical modulators and Ge-on-Si photodiodes. On-going developments for advanced photonic integrated circuits include compact and energy-efficient silicon modulators, temperature-insensitive passive devices and hybrid III-V on Silicon lasers. The European COSMICC project gathers key industrial and research partners in the field of silicon photonics, CMOS electronics, printed circuit board packaging, optical transceivers and datacenters, aiming at developing low-cost and low-energy consumption 50 Gb/s 4-wavelength coarse wavelength division multiplexing optical transceivers that will be packaged on-board. Combining CMOS electronics and Si-photonics with innovative high-throughput fiber attachment techniques, the developed solutions will be scalable beyond 1 Tb/s to meet the future data-transmission requirements in data-centers and super computing systems.
Aortic 4D flow: Quantification of signal-to-noise ratio as a function of field strength and contrast enhancement for 1.5T, 3T, and 7T (2014)

The 7T provides a new tool to explore aortic 4D flow, yielding higher SNR that can be used to push the boundaries of acceleration and resolution. Field strength and contrast enhancement at all fields provide significant improvements in SNR.
Acousto-Optic Phase Modulator and Frequency Shifter for Single Mode Fibers (1983)

for several applications as they process the guided liqht directly within the fiber. Two such devices are reported here for nhase modulation and for frequency shiftinq in single mode fibers. The phase modulator is fabricated by nositioning a single mode fiber along the axis of a cylindrical PZT acoustic transducer. The fiber is bonded inside a glass caDillary tube which is, in turn, eDoxied inside the transducinq cy1 inder to give a solid, mechanically stable s tructure. The maximum sensitivity of the phase shifter is 0.058 radians/V-cm at 6.02 YHz. modulation is observed. In the second device, a fiber optic frequency shifter is constructed using a birefringent single mode fiber positioned within two acoustic resonators driven 90' out of phase. The incident wave in one polarization state is counled to a frequency-shifte d wave in the orthoqonal state. The device works out to 5 MHz and 20 dB supnression of one sideband in relation to the o ther one has been obtained. In-line fiber optic devices are attractive
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Partial Antagonist Polyamides from Tunicates and Their Predatory Sea Slugs (2021)

In our efforts to discover new drugs to treat pain, we identified molleamines A-E (<b>1</b>-<b>5</b>) as major neuroactive components of the sea slug, <i>Pleurobranchus forskalii</i>, and their prey, <i>Didemnum molle</i>, tunicates. The chemical structures of molleamines were elucidated by spectroscopy and confirmed by the total synthesis of molleamines A (<b>1</b>) and C (<b>3</b>). Synthetic <b>3</b> completely blocked acetylcholine-induced calcium flux in peptidergic nociceptors (PNs) in the somatosensory nervous system. Compound <b>3</b> affected neither the α7 nAChR nor the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in calcium flux assays. In addition to nociceptors, <b>3</b> partially blocked the acetylcholine-induced calcium flux in the sympathetic nervous system, including neurons from the superior cervical ganglion. Electrophysiology revealed a block of α3β4 (mouse) and α6/α3β4 (rat) nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 1.4 and 3.1 μM, respectively. Molleamine C (<b>3</b>) is a partial antagonist, reaching a maximum block of 76-82% of the acetylcholine signal and showing no partial agonist response. Molleamine C (<b>3</b>) may thus provide a lead compound for the development of neuroactive compounds with unique biological properties.
New functions assigned to a microRNA with genetic links to prostate cancer risk (2019)

Germline genetic analyses have begun to identify links between microRNA (miRNA) binding sites and the heritable risk of developing prostate cancer (PCa). Interestingly, one of the most significant links involves the diagnostic biomarker, PSA.