gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distributed remote vector gaussian source coding with covariance distortion constraints (2014)

In this paper, we consider a distributed remote source coding problem, where a sequence of observations of source vectors is available at the encoder. The problem is to specify the optimal rate for encoding the observations subject to a covariance matrix distortion constraint and in the presence of side information at the decoder. For this problem, we derive lower and upper bounds on the rate-distortion function (RDF) for the Gaussian case, which in general do not coincide. We then provide some cases, where the RDF can be derived exactly. We also show that previous results on specific instances of this problem can be generalized using our results. We finally show that if the distortion measure is the mean squared error, or if it is replaced by a certain mutual information constraint, the optimal rate can be derived from our main result.
Detection of HER2 Gene Amplification by Fluorescence <I>In Situ</I> Hybridization in Breast Cancer (2006)

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is increasingly recognized as the most accurate and predictive test for both HER2 gene amplification or expression and response to Herceptin therapy in breast cancer. Diagnostic procedures for FISH require rigorous quality control, as with all diagnostic procedures, which rely on standardized methodologies. We describe the use of FISH for HER2 in our own laboratory, based on more than 4000 diagnostic assays, and the optimal approaches to scoring HER2 gene amplification in breast cancer.
Author Correction: Active Printed Materials for Complex Self-Evolving Deformations (2018)

A correction has been published and is appended to both the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Cell Culture conditions determine the enhancement of specific monoclonal antibody productivity of calcium alginate‐entrapped S3H5/γ2bA2 hybridoma cells (1993)

Immobilization offers several intrinsic advantages over free suspension cultures for the production of monoclonal antibodies. An important advantage of immobilization is the improved specific monoclonal antibody (MAb) productivity (q(MAb)) that can be obtained. However, there are conflicting reports in the literature on the enhancement of the q(MAb) with immobilization. The discrepancies between these reports can be attributed to the different to either the cultivation methods used for immobilized cell or to difference between the cell lines used in the various studies. We show that these differences may be attributed to the different cultivation methods used for one model hybridoma cell line. S3H5/gamma2bA2 hybridoma cells entrapped in different sizes of calcium alginate beads were cultivated in both T- and spinner flasks in order to determine whether cultivation methods (T- and spinner flasks) and bead size influence the q(MAb) Free-suspended cell cultures inoculated with cells recovered from alginate beads were also carried out in order to determine whether changes in the q(Mab) of the entrapped cells are reversible.The cultivation methods was found to influence significantly the q(MAb) of the entrapped cells. When the entrapped cells in 1-mn diameter beads were cultivated in T-flasks, the q(MAb) was not increased by 200% as previously observed in an entrapped cell culture using 1-mm-diameter alginate beads in spinner flasks. The q(MAb) of the entrapped cell was approximately 58% higher than that of the free-suspended cells in a control experiment. Unlike the cultivation method, the bead size in the range of 1- to 3-mm diameter did not significantly influence the q(MAb), regardless of cultivations methods. The changes in q(MAb) of an entrapped cells were reversible. When the free-suspended cells recovered from the T- and spinner flasks were sub-cultured in T- and spinner flasks enhanced q(MAb) of the entrapped cells in both cases decreased to the level of the free-suspended cell in a control experiments. Taken together, these results shows that the method of cultivation of hybridoma cells immobilized in alginate beads determines the extent of enhancement of the q(MAb).
Influence of silver nanoparticles on the fabrics functions prepared by in-situ technique (2017)

The development of multifunctional fabrics is an important purpose for their application in many fields. This study provided a simple approach for innovative textile design by applying the optical properties of Plasmonic noble metal nanoparticles. The utilization of feasible technique to functionalize both semi-synthetic and synthetic fabrics namely viscose and acrylic fabric has been accomplished. Where, fabrics functions have been developed by in situ synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) into their surface using trisodium citrate as multifunctional agent (reductant, stabilizer, and linker). The silver NPs incorporated into fabrics has been characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The mechanism of assembling Ag NPs in situ incorporated fabric matrix has been discussed. The influence of silver nanoparticles on the coloration, UV-protection, and antibacterial properties of the fabrics has also been examined. The overall results indicated that, the in situ Ag NPs-incorporated into fabrics has been applied as a colorant for both viscose and acrylic fabrics effectively beside the improvement for UV-blocking and anti-bacterial properties.
A topological view of human CD34+ cell state trajectories from integrated single-cell output and proteomic data (2019)

Recent advances in single-cell molecular analytical methods and clonal growth assays are enabling more refined models of human hematopoietic lineage restriction processes to be conceptualized. Here, we report the results of integrating single-cell proteome measurements with clonally determined lymphoid, neutrophilic/monocytic, and/or erythroid progeny outputs from >1000 index-sorted CD34<sup>+</sup> human cord blood cells in short-term cultures with and without stromal cells. Surface phenotypes of functionally examined cells were individually mapped onto a molecular landscape of the entire CD34<sup>+</sup> compartment constructed from single-cell mass cytometric measurements of 14 cell surface markers, 20 signaling/cell cycle proteins, and 6 transcription factors in ∼300 000 cells. This analysis showed that conventionally defined subsets of CD34<sup>+</sup> cord blood cells are heterogeneous in their functional properties, transcription factor content, and signaling activities. Importantly, this molecular heterogeneity was reduced but not eliminated in phenotypes that were found to display highly restricted lineage outputs. Integration of the complete proteomic and functional data sets obtained revealed a continuous probabilistic topology of change that includes a multiplicity of lineage restriction trajectories. Each of these reflects progressive but variable changes in the levels of specific signaling intermediates and transcription factors but shared features of decreasing quiescence. Taken together, our results suggest a model in which increasingly narrowed hematopoietic output capabilities in neonatal CD34<sup>+</sup> cord blood cells are determined by a history of external stimulation in combination with innately programmed cell state changes.
Studies on electrical performance and thermal stress of a silicon interposer with TSVs (2010)

The silicon interposer had been desired to have high Input/Output (I/O) counts and fine wirings such as the global wiring of devices. High integration of several chips on the silicon interposer will realize a high performance silicon module same as System on Chip (SoC). We previously reported the fabrication process of TSVs and fine Cu wirings on a silicon interposer and the results of reliability test. Furthermore in order to reduce the stress at the 2nd level interconnection, we evaluated Trenched Air Gap (TAG)-TSV, which were fabricated by silicon etching around Cu-TSVs as a stress relief function. In this reports, we focused on the properties of the silicon interposer. We evaluated the electrical performance of TAG-TSVs by measurement of S21 parameter. In addition, in order to obtain the stability of Power/Ground delivery we evaluated the fusing current of the fine Cu wiring and compared with that of Al spatter wiring. Furthermore we reported thermal stress measured with piezoresistive sensor which was mounted on the silicon interposer.
Correction to Optimized Inhibitors of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Improve in Vitro Target Residence Time and in Vivo Efficacy (2018)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to Optimized Inhibitors of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Improve in Vitro Target Residence Time and in Vivo EfficacyKin Sing Stephen LeeKin Sing Stephen LeeMore by Kin Sing Stephen Lee, Jun-Yan LiuJun-Yan LiuMore by Jun-Yan Liu, Karen M. WagnerKaren M. WagnerMore by Karen M. Wagner, Svetlana PakhomovaSvetlana PakhomovaMore by Svetlana Pakhomova, Hua DongHua DongMore by Hua Dong, Christophe MorisseauChristophe MorisseauMore by Christophe Morisseau, Samuel H. FuSamuel H. FuMore by Samuel H. Fu, Jun YangJun YangMore by Jun Yang, Peng WangPeng WangMore by Peng Wang, Arzu UluArzu UluMore by Arzu Ulu, Christina A. MateChristina A. MateMore by Christina A. Mate, Long V. NguyenLong V. NguyenMore by Long V. Nguyen, Sung Hee HwangSung Hee HwangMore by Sung Hee Hwang, Matthew L. EdinMatthew L. EdinMore by Matthew L. Edin, Alexandria A. MaraAlexandria A. MaraMore by Alexandria A. Mara, Heike WulffHeike WulffMore by Heike Wulff, Marcia E. NewcomerMarcia E. NewcomerMore by Marcia E. Newcomer, Darryl C. ZeldinDarryl C. ZeldinMore by Darryl C. Zeldin, and Bruce D. Hammock*Bruce D. HammockMore by Bruce D. HammockCite this: J. Med. Chem. 2018, 61, 9, 4271Publication Date (Web):April 27, 2018Publication History Published online27 April 2018Published inissue 10 May 2018https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00582Copyright © 2018 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSACS AuthorChoiceArticle Views729Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (397 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
RNA-mediated paternal heredity of diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorders (2015)

The paternal heredity of obesity and diabetes induced by a high-fat and/or high-sugar diet (Western-like diet) has been demonstrated through epidemiological analysis of human cohorts and experimental analysis, but the nature of the hereditary vector inducing this newly acquired phenotype is not yet well defined. Here, we show that microinjection of either testis or sperm RNA of male mice fed a Western-like diet into naive one-cell embryos leads to the establishment of the Western-like diet-induced metabolic phenotype in the resulting progenies, whereas RNAs prepared from healthy controls did not. Among multiple sequence differences between the testis transcriptomes of the sick and healthy fathers, we noted that several microRNAs had increased expression, which was of interest because this class of noncoding RNA is known to be involved in epigenetic control of gene expression. When microinjected into naive one-cell embryos, one of these small RNA, i.e., the microRNA miR19b, induced metabolic alterations that are similar to the diet-induced phenotype. Furthermore, this pathological phenotype was inherited by the offspring after crosses with healthy partners. Our results indicate that acquired food-induced trait inheritance might be enacted by RNA signalling.
314 Validity Estimation of Function Gradient by X-ray CT Image Based FEM of Functionally Graded Porous Aluminum (2012)

Porous aluminum is a multifunctional material with both lightweight and high energy absorption properties. In this study, functionally graded (FG) porous aluminum was fabricated by spacer method varying pore structures. The obtained FG porous aluminum was observed non-destructively by X-ray CT. Image-based finite element analysis of FG porous aluminum using X-ray CT images was conducted. By comparing the results of finite element analysis and the deformation behavior of actual compressive tests of FG porous aluminum, it was shown that deformation behavior can be controlled by varying pore structures.
Accelerated Junctional Rhythm and Nonalternans Repolarization Lability Precede Ventricular Tachycardia in Casq2−/− Mice (2012)

Accelerated JR, likely caused by triggered activity in His/Purkinje system, occurs frequently in Casq2 -/- mice. The absence of CASQ2 results in increased RL. The increase in HR and in RL precede onset of arrhythmias in this CPVT model. Nonalternans RL precedes ventricular arrhythmia in wider range of conditions than previously appreciated.
A comprehensively characterized cell line panel highly representative of clinical ovarian high-grade serous carcinomas (2016)

Recent literature suggests that most widely used ovarian cancer (OVCA) cell models do not recapitulate the molecular features of clinical tumors. To address this limitation, we generated 18 cell lines and 3 corresponding patient-derived xenografts predominantly from high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSOC) peritoneal effusions. Comprehensive genomic characterization and comparison of each model to its parental tumor demonstrated a high degree of molecular similarity. Our characterization included whole exome-sequencing and copy number profiling for cell lines, xenografts, and matched non-malignant tissues, and DNA methylation, gene expression, and spectral karyotyping for a subset of specimens. Compared to the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), our models more closely resembled HGSOC than any other tumor type, justifying their validity as OVCA models. Our meticulously characterized models provide a crucial resource for the OVCA research community that will advance translational findings and ultimately lead to clinical applications.
“Push–push and push–pull” polystannanes (2018)

The synthesis and characterization of polystannanes with "push" or "pull" moieties attached to the tin backbone are described. Precursor tetra aryl- (1, 2) stannanes were converted to mono- (3) and dichloro- (4, 5) stannanes by either sequential chlorination or by redistribution reactions with SnCl4. Compounds 4 and 5 were transformed to polymerisable tin dihydride monomers 6 and 7 using a large excess (10×) of NaBH4. Homopolymer 8 with electron donating aryl substituents (p-MeOC6H4-) was synthesized by dehydrogenative polymerization using Wilkinson's catalyst. Attempts to prepare the homopolymer 9 with electron withdrawing aryl substituents (p-CF3C6H4-) from the dehydrocoupling of 7 using similar conditions led only to the formation of low molecular weight oligomeric species. Two alternating polymers, 10 and 11, were synthesized by condensation polymerization of (n-Bu)2Sn(NEt2)2 with monomers 6 or 7. The first was a "push-push" alternating polymer, 10, comprised of a repeating unit consisting of two different electron donating groups (p-MeOC6H4-, n-Bu) at neighboring tin centres. The second was a "push-pull" alternating polymer, 11, bearing both an electron donating group (n-Bu) and a strongly electron withdrawing substituent (p-CF3C6H4-) at neighboring tin atoms. All small molecule stannanes and tin-containing polymers were characterized by NMR (1H, 13C, 119Sn, and where required 19F) spectroscopy, MS or EA. The absolute molecular weights of tin polymers (8, 10, 11) were determined by triple detection GPC and in the range of 1.07 × 104 to 1.95 × 104 Da. Rapid photodegradation of polymers was observed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, with a slower degradation observed for the "push-pull" polymer, 11, compared to the "push-push" polymer, 10.
Abscopal Effect of Radiation Therapy and Signal Transduction (2010)

The abscopal effect is a potentially important phenomenon as a topic for basic research on tumor control and clinical oncology. Although it has been described in various malignancies, it is a rarely recognized clinical event. This phenomenon may arise mainly as a result of an activated immune system mediated through cytokines. Until recently, the abscopal effect referred to distant effects observed after local radiation therapy. However, some investigators argue that the term should now be used interchangeably with the “distant bystander effect.” From several aspects, including the distant bystander effects of other local therapies, we discuss the poorly researched but potentially intriguing abscopal effect that follows radiation therapy. Recently, experimentally-induced abscopal effects have been reported. Those reports show favorable inhibition of tumor growth not only at the irradiated site, but also at areas distant from the irradiated site using experimental protocols designed to induce reproducible abscopal effects. If consistent induction of the abscopal effect could be potentiated by intravenous administration of an immunostimulant, oncologists will seize upon the application of this effect for clinical use. Though the abscopal effect is still extremely controversial in view of the data now available, it can be hoped that translational research may offer a new concept for cancer therapy, namely, chemokine administration following local irradiation, leading to development of novel therapies for the treatment of advanced or metastatic cancer. Keywords: Abscopal effect, bystander effect, cancer, chemokine, cytokine, radiation therapy, signal transduction
The Effect of Bolus Volume and Mechanical Forces on the Biodistribution of ASOs Following Lumbar Intrathecal Administration in Cynomolgus Monkeys (S38.007) (2016)

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of 1) bolus volume and 2) exogenously-applied mechanical forces on exposure of CNS tissue to antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) along the rostrocaudal neuraxis following lumbar intrathecal (IT) administration in cynomolgus monkeys. BACKGROUND: The IT dosing route offers a solution for bypassing the blood-brain barrier and delivering drugs directly to the CNS. However, use of the lumbar IT dosing route is known to have high inter-patient variability and attempts to use this route to deliver therapeutics to more rostral parts of the neuraxis are challenged by significant caudal-to-rostral drug concentration gradients. DESIGN/METHODS: Animals (n=5 per group, 4 total groups) received a lumbar injection of a pharmacological dose of an ASO targeted to the ubiquitously-expressed long non-coding RNA MALAT1 in either a low (0.8 mL) or high (2.4 mL) volume of injectate and either with or without immediate application of high frequency chest wall oscillation. A microdose of 99mTc-DTPA was spiked into the formulation and the quality of each lumbar injection was monitored by SPECT/CT. Animals were sacrificed 7 days after drug administration and both CNS and peripheral tissues were collected for measurement of tissue ASO concentration and knockdown of MALAT1 RNA message. RESULTS: Early results indicate that the 2.4 mL bolus resulted in greater ASO concentration and RNA knockdown in rostral CNS targets and deep brain structures than the 0.8 mL bolus. The 2.4 mL bolus also lowered local drug exposure in the lumbar spinal cord near the injection site and yielded lower inter-patient variability. CONCLUSIONS: The results from this study will provide strategic guidance for achieving pharmacologically-relevant concentrations of ASOs in specific CNS target tissues in future clinical trials.
StandardGAN: Multi-source Domain Adaptation for Semantic Segmentation of\n Very High Resolution Satellite Images by Data Standardization (2020)

Domain adaptation for semantic segmentation has recently been actively\nstudied to increase the generalization capabilities of deep learning models.\nThe vast majority of the domain adaptation methods tackle single-source case,\nwhere the model trained on a single source domain is adapted to a target\ndomain. However, these methods have limited practical real world applications,\nsince usually one has multiple source domains with different data\ndistributions. In this work, we deal with the multi-source domain adaptation\nproblem. Our method, namely StandardGAN, standardizes each source and target\ndomains so that all the data have similar data distributions. We then use the\nstandardized source domains to train a classifier and segment the standardized\ntarget domain. We conduct extensive experiments on two remote sensing data\nsets, in which the first one consists of multiple cities from a single country,\nand the other one contains multiple cities from different countries. Our\nexperimental results show that the standardized data generated by StandardGAN\nallow the classifiers to generate significantly better segmentation.\n
Die Licht(r)evolution. Weiße LEDs für die Allgemeinbeleuchtung (2011)

Abstract Leuchtdioden (LEDs) glänzen durch lange Lebensdauer, gute Farbwiedergabe, schnelle Einschaltzeit und Dimmbarkeit. Das macht sie zunehmend attraktiv für die Allgemeinbeleuchtung. Vor allem benötigen sie weniger Energie als konventionelle Leuchtmittel. Als Materialsysteme haben sich AlInGaN und AlInGaP etabliert, die Lichtfarben in einem breiten Spektralbereich ermöglichen. Nur für grünes Licht gibt es noch kein effizientes LED‐Material. Der dafür nötige hohe Indiumgehalt im geeigneteren AlInGaN sorgt für fehlerhafte Kristallgitter, was die Effizienz senkt. Nanostrukturen könnten das Problem lösen. Für weiße Leuchtdioden haben sich verschiedene Verfahren etabliert. Gängig ist die Kombination einer blauen LED mit einem Leuchtstoff, der einen Teil ihres Lichts ins Gelbe konvertiert. LEDs haben ein großes Potenzial zur weiteren Steigerung ihrer Effizienz und Helligkeit. Sie werden schon bald in vielen Bereichen konventionelle Technologien ablösen.
Impedance Tuning with Notched Waveforms for Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radar (2020)

In a congested radio spectrum, radar systems must be capable of sharing spectrum in real time. Two possible radar transmission approaches involve either avoiding interferers or placing a notch in the sub-bands of interference. Impedance tuning allows the radar transmitter power amplifier to maximize its output power while adjusting its linearity to meet notch and/or out-of-band spectral requirements. In real-time spectrum sharing, the system controller decides whether to provide a waveform that notches around the interference or to avoid the interference altogether. Considerations in this decision include the maximum detection range obtainable from a tuned amplifier versus the finest achievable range resolution, based on transmitted bandwidth. This paper describes a comparison of real-time impedance tuning for notched, random FM waveforms versus a contiguous-band chirp used for avoidance. Comparisons are made between the range (calculated from output power) and the range resolution (calculated from bandwidth) obtained by the optimized circuits in these two cases.