gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning Regression Analysis for Estimation of Crop Emergence Using Multispectral UAV Imagery (2021)

Optimal crop emergence is an important trait in crop breeding for genotypic screening and for achieving potential growth and yield. Emergence is conventionally quantified manually by counting the sub-sections of field plots or scoring; these are less reliable, laborious and inefficient. Remote sensing technology is being increasingly used for high-throughput estimation of agronomic traits in field crops. This study developed a method for estimating wheat seedlings using multispectral images captured from an unmanned aerial vehicle. A machine learning regression (MLR) analysis was used by combining spectral and morphological information extracted from the multispectral images. The approach was tested on diverse wheat genotypes varying in seedling emergence. In this study, three supervised MLR models including regression trees, support vector regression and Gaussian process regression (GPR) were evaluated for estimating wheat seedling emergence. The GPR model was the most effective compared to the other methods, with R2 = 0.86, RMSE = 4.07 and MAE = 3.21 when correlated to the manual seedling count. In addition, imagery data collected at multiple flight altitudes and different wheat growth stages suggested that 10 m altitude and 20 days after sowing were desirable for optimal spatial resolution and image analysis. The method is deployable on larger field trials and other crops for effective and reliable seedling emergence estimates.
Supplementary Figures S1, S2A, S2B, S3, S4A, S4B from Transcriptional Mechanisms of Resistance to Anti–PD-1 Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary figures&lt;/p&gt;
Spectral and imaging characteristics of a tunable ultra-narrow photonic-crystal interferometer for space-based applications (2006)

High-finesse Fabry-Perot interferometers are useful tools when it comes to high-resolution spectroscopy and narrow-band filtering. Rugged, reliable, narrow-band tunable filters are of special interest for remote sensing from ground, airborne and space-based platforms. This report discusses the results of a numerical analysis and experimental study of such a filter with its design based on the unique features of the photonic crystal interferometer (PCI). An optimal choice of the PCI components and their parameters allows achieving a sub-angstrom bandpass combined with a broad tunability range (< 10 nm) in the visible spectral regions. The prototype PCI system has the tunability over a 1 nm with a bandpass near 0.02 nm and an acceptance angle about 1 angular degree. Detailed consideration is given to the imaging characteristics of such an interferometer, and their dependence upon the quality of the individual components (i.e. the mirror substrates, dielectric layers, etc.). In summary, we present the results of the theoretical analysis and experimental study of the spectral and imaging characteristics of a high-finesse PCI, and their impairments due to deviations from the required parameters of the optical elements.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnesium Chloride Tetrahydrate, MgCl2·4H2O. (2012)

Abstract Single crystals of the title compound are prepared by thermal decomposition of the corresponding hexahydrate at 403 K.
Local late gadolinium enhancement features to identify the electrophysiological substrate of post-infarction ventricular tachycardia: a machine learning approach (2015)

Background Most ventricular tachycardias occur on structurally diseased hearts with fibrotic scar, where bundles of surviving tissue promote electrical circuit re-entry. These bundles can be identified on invasive electrophysiological (EP) mapping as local abnormal ventricular activities (LAVA) during sinus rhythm. Although the elimination of LAVAs by radiofrequency ablation was shown to be an efficient therapeutic option, their identification requires is a lengthy and invasive process. Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) magnetic resonance imaging enables a non-invasive 3D assessment of scar topology and heterogeneity with millimetric spatial resolution. The aim of this work is to identify imaging features associated with LAVA, features that may subsequently be used to target ablation or to stratify the risk of arrhythmia.
EXODERMIC DECK BOOSTS BRIDGE'S RATING AND KEEPS TRAFFIC MOVING (2002)

Rehabilitation of the Kingston-Rhinebeck Bridge in New York in 2000 involved widening the deck and lightening the load on what is one of the country's longest continuous deck truss bridges. Erected in 1957, the 7,793-ft.-long bridge had a load rating of HS-18. The rehabilitation was to raise it to HS-25. The contractor submitted a value-engineered proposal, which included a change to Exodermic design. Both lanes were kept open during morning and evening rushes with a single reversible lane the rest of the time. The job included high-performance concrete in deck for protection against de-icing salts, many hot-dipped galvanized components and a polymer shell on facia to protect light-weight concrete from salt.
One-Step Preparation of Blue-Emitting (La,Ca)Si3(O,N)5:Ce3+Phosphors for High-Color Rendering White Light-Emitting Diodes (2011)

Highly phase-pure (La,Ca)Si3(O,N)5:Ce3+ blue-emitting phosphors were successfully synthesized via the one-step solid-state reaction from the system La2O3–CaO–CeO2–Si3N4. The synthesized (La,Ca)Si3(O,N)5:Ce3+ exhibits tunable blue broadband emission with the dominant wavelength of 466–479 nm and the external quantum efficiency up to ∼45% under 380 nm near-UV (NUV) excitation. Spectral simulations of the trichromatic white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) using (La,Ca)Si3(O,N)5:Ce3+ demonstrated markedly higher color rendering index Ra values of 93–95, compared to 76–90 attained by the systems using a conventional BAM:Eu2+ phosphor or InGaN blue LED. The present achievement indicates the promising applicability of (La,Ca)Si3(O,N)5:Ce3+ as a blue luminescent source for NUV-converting high-color rendering white LEDs.
Faster-than-Nyquist signaling with non-uniform compression factors for OFDM/OQAM (2015)

This paper proposes Faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) signaling with non-uniform compression factors for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)/offset quadrature amplitude modulation (OQAM). In the proposed FTN signaling scheme, a compression factor lower than the average one in the assigned resource blocks (RBs) is used for the central subcarrier region, and the compression factor is increased accordingly as the subcarrier position approaches the edge in the assigned RBs. By using a compression factor close to 1 or no compression, i.e., using orthogonal multiplexing for the edge of the assigned RBs, the inter-subcarrier interference (ICI) leaked outside the assigned RBs is suppressed to a slight level. Link-level simulation results show that the FTN signaling with a non-uniform compression factor achieves almost the same average block error rate performance level as that for the FTN signaling with a uniform compression factor, while maintaining the same improvement in the frequency efficiency compared to the OFDM scheme.
Post-sterilization Dimensional Accuracy of Methacrylate Monomer Biocompatible Three-Dimensionally Printed Mock Surgical Guides (2023)

While all resins produced highly accurate replicas of the designed guide, the amber and black resins were unaffected by any sterilization method (<i>p</i> ≥ 0.9). For other materials, ethylene oxide produced the largest dimensional changes. However, mean post-sterilization dimensional changes for all materials and sterilization methods remained less than or equal to 0.05mm CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that post-sterilization dimensional change of evaluated biomaterials was minimal, and less than previously reported. Additionally, amber and black resins may be preferred to reduce post-sterilization dimensional change, as they were unaffected by any sterilization method. Given the results of this study, surgeons should feel confident using the Form 3B printer to create patient surgical guides. Furthermore, bioresins may provide safer alternatives for patients compared with other three-dimensional printed materials.
Selenium and Glutathione-Depleted Rats as a Sensitive Animal Model to Predict Drug-Induced Liver Injury in Humans (2019)

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is one of the most serious and frequent drug-related adverse events in humans. Selenium (Se) and glutathione (GSH) have a crucial role for the hepatoprotective effect against reactive metabolites or oxidative damage leading to DILI. The hepatoprotective capacity related to Se and GSH in rodents is considered to be superior compared to the capacity in humans. Therefore, we hypothesize that Se/GSH-depleted rats could be a sensitive animal model to predict DILI in humans. In this study, Se-deficiency is induced by feeding a Se-deficient diet and GSH-deficiency is induced by l-buthionine-<i>S,R</i>-sulfoxinine treatment via drinking water. The usefulness of this animal model is validated using flutamide, which is known to cause DILI in humans but not in intact rats. In the Se/GSH-depleted rats from the present study, decreases in glutathione peroxidase-1 protein expression and GSH levels and an increase in malondialdehyde levels in the liver are observed without any increase in plasma liver function parameters. Five-day repeated dosing of flutamide at 150 mg/kg causes hepatotoxicity in the Se/GSH-depleted rats but not in normal rats. In conclusion, Se/GSH-depleted rats are the most sensitive for detecting flutamide-induced hepatotoxicity in all the reported animal models.
The University of Florida's next-generation cryogenic infrared focal plane array controller system (2008)

The Infrared Instrumentation Group at the University of Florida has substantial experience building IR focal plane array (FPA) controllers and seamlessly integrating them into the instruments that it builds for 8-meter class observatories, including writing device drivers for UNIX-based computer systems. We report on a design study to investigate implementing an ASIC from Teledyne Imaging Systems (TIS) into our IR FPA controller while simultaneously replacing TIS's interface card with one that eliminates the requirement for a Windows-OS computer within the instrument's control system.
Chiral Imidate Ligands: Synthesis and Applications in Asymmetric Catalysis (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Cyclic Imidates Synthesis of Imidates Synthesis of Imidate Ligands Synthesis of Imidate–Copper (I) Complexes Application of Chiral Imidate Ligands in Enantioselective Catalysis Novel Synthetic Applications of Cyclic Imidates Conclusions References
Advanced `Fs/2' Discrete-Time GSM Receiver in 90-nm CMOS (2006)

A new discrete-time receiver architecture enables to specifically circumvent CMOS integration issues, taking advantage of ZIF architectures yet escaping impact of flicker noise and second-order front-end non-linearity. This architecture, compatible with further scaling, was implemented for a GSM receiver in 90-nm CMOS. This receiver occupies 1-mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> core area, achieves -108-dBm sensitivity, and -16-dBm IIP3. It is based on a discrete-time approach centering the baseband signal at half the sampling frequency. The receiver integrates Low-Noise Amplifier, filters and two 40-MHz sigma delta Analog to Digital Converters achieving a 12-bit resolution in 100 kHz.
Comparison of two real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays for the detection of Equine arteritis virus nucleic acid in equine semen and tissue culture fluid (2008)

Two previously developed TaqMan fluorogenic probe-based 1-tube real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR) assays (T1 and T2) were compared and validated for the detection of Equine arteritis virus (EAV) nucleic acid in equine semen and tissue culture fluid (TCF). The specificity and sensitivity of these 2 molecular-based assays were compared to traditional virus isolation (VI) in cell culture. The T1 real-time RT-PCR had a higher sensitivity (93.4%) than the T2 real-time RT-PCR (42.6%) for detection of EAV RNA in semen. However, the T1 real-time RT-PCR was less sensitive (93.4%) than the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE)-prescribed VI test (gold standard). The sensitivity of both PCR assays was high (100.0% [T1] and 95.2% [T2]) for detecting EAV RNA in TCF. In light of the discrepancy in sensitivity between either real-time RT-PCR assay and VI, semen that is negative for EAV nucleic acid by real-time RT-PCR that is from an EAV-seropositive stallion should be confirmed free of virus by VI. Similarly, the presence of EAV in TCF samples that are VI-positive but real-time RT-PCR-negative should be confirmed in a 1-way neutralization test using anti-EAV equine serum or by fluorescent antibody test using monoclonal antibodies to EAV. If the viral isolate is not identified as EAV, such samples should be tested for other equine viral pathogens. The results of this study underscore the importance of comparative evaluation and validation of real-time RT-PCR assays prior to their recommended use in a diagnostic setting for the detection and identification of specific infectious agents.
Quinacrine synergizes with 5-fluorouracil and other therapies in colorectal cancer (2011)

Although treatments have improved patient prognosis in surgically resectable colorectal cancer, new effective drugs with improved safety profiles are needed to improve the currently poor outcomes of patients with recurrent or metastatic colorectal cancer. Quinacrine, a small molecule anti-malarial agent that has activity in giardiasis, lupus, prion disease, and used as a means of non-surgical sterilization, has shown cytotoxic activity across a broad range of cancers. Here, we evaluate the potential of adding quinacrine to anticancer chemotherapeutics and targeted agents as a potential novel combinatorial therapy for advanced colon cancer. We show that quinacrine synergizes with 5-fluorouracil and significantly enhances the cytotoxicity of sorafenib in a panel of 10 human colorectal cancer cell lines, including those with KRAS mutations protein gel blot analysis confirmed that quinacrine's anticancer activity partially arises from its ability to stabilize p53 and lower anti-apoptotic protein levels. In a series of in vivo studies, quinacrine monotherapy lowered the tumor load of nu/nu mice bearing human colorectal cancer xenografts. In combination, quinacrine and 5-Fluorouracil significantly delayed tumor growth of a variety of different xenografts, as compared to each agent administered alone. Our results suggest that the administration of quinacrine in combination with chemotherapeutic agents and targeted agents should be further explored in patients with recurrent, locally advanced, or metastatic colorectal cancer.
Identifying Unknown Unknowns in the Open World: Representations and Policies for Guided Exploration (2016)

Predictive models deployed in the real world may assign incorrect labels to instances with high confidence. Such errors or unknown unknowns are rooted in model incompleteness, and typically arise because of the mismatch between training data and the cases encountered at test time. As the models are blind to such errors, input from an oracle is needed to identify these failures. In this paper, we formulate and address the problem of informed discovery of unknown unknowns of any given predictive model where unknown unknowns occur due to systematic biases in the training data. We propose a model-agnostic methodology which uses feedback from an oracle to both identify unknown unknowns and to intelligently guide the discovery. We employ a two-phase approach which first organizes the data into multiple partitions based on the feature similarity of instances and the confidence scores assigned by the predictive model, and then utilizes an explore-exploit strategy for discovering unknown unknowns across these partitions. We demonstrate the efficacy of our framework by varying the underlying causes of unknown unknowns across various applications. To the best of our knowledge, this paper presents the first algorithmic approach to the problem of discovering unknown unknowns of predictive models.
Computational photography Video files associated with this course are available from the citation page (2007)

Article Share on Computational photography Video files associated with this course are available from the citation page Authors: Ramesh Raskar Mitsubishi Electric Research Labs Mitsubishi Electric Research LabsView Profile , Jack Tumblin Northwestern University Northwestern UniversityView Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGGRAPH '07: ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 coursesAugust 2007 Pages 1–eshttps://doi.org/10.1145/1281500.1281502Online:05 August 2007Publication History 7citation34DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations7Total Downloads34Last 12 Months5Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Study of High-Performance Engineering Polymers Applied In Reciprocating Hermetic Refrigeration Compressors (2021)

Manufacturers of hermetic refrigeration compressors for domestic and commercial applications have been increasing the energy efficiency of their products systematically over the last decades through the continuous efforts of in-house research groups, universities and suppliers. This joint effort encompasses the technical fields of design, materials, processes, manufacturing, and simulation techniques, to achieve a multidisciplinary approach to compressor optimization as applied to refrigeration systems. Gains such as increased efficiency of the electric motor, reduction of bearing friction power loss, minimizing back flow on valves have already been addressed and the continuous search for new approaches have been proposed. This work presents a study of energy efficiency gain by comparing low conduction heat transfer plastic materials to metallic materials used in current compressor designs. The components compared include the cylinder head, discharge muffler, shock loop, valve plate and crankcase. The energy efficiency gain was evaluated using the Coefficient of Performance (COP) through the use of the Conjugate Heat Transfer (CHT) model using superheating temperature. The CHT model temperature results were compared with the values measured by an instrumented compressor. To complement the study, the parts and assemblies were structurally evaluated using the finite element method under performance and durability test operating conditions. The feasibility of the mold filling process was verified, because the final design of the components must be a compromise between functional requirements and process solution. In conclusion, the results show that significant efficiency gains can be achieved through the use of engineering thermoplastic. This is achieved through careful material selection and proper design that considers not only material properties, but material and process costs using the flexibility of injection molding to group parts and subsystems.
Exploration platform of embedded simd architecture for autonomous retinas (2010)

An integrated smart camera is a single chip composed of a sensor tightly coupled with one or more processing elements. The image processing applications that are mapped on such systems can require processing power in the range of supercomputer. To face the increasing application needs we propose in this paper a SIMD based processor optimized for the low and intermediate level of image processing. The architecture is composed of several SIMD cluster. Each cluster includes a configurable number of 2-Way PE (Processing Element) ranging from 32 to 256 running at 200 MHz. These cluster configurations provide between 12 to 102 GOPS.
Spectroscopic ellipsometry investigations of the thermally induced first-order transition ofRbMn[Fe(CN)6] (2008)

We report on detailed spectroscopic ellipsometry investigations on the thermally induced first-order phase transition of rubidium manganese hexacyano-ferrate $(\text{RbMn}[\text{Fe}{(\text{CN})}_{6}])$ pellet sample. This switchable solid shows a cooperative Jahn-Teller distortion coupled with a local charge transfer between Fe and Mn ions. Optical spectra of the real, ${\ensuremath{\epsilon}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$, and imaginary, ${\ensuremath{\epsilon}}^{\ensuremath{''}}$, parts of the complex dielectric constant have been recorded in the interval of temperature, i.e., 250--350 K, around the transition region and in the optical range of 190--830 nm. Four (two) optical bands have been identified and assigned in the low-temperature (high-temperature) phase, corresponding to the ${\text{Fe}}^{\text{II}}{\text{-CN-Mn}}^{\text{III}}$ $({\text{Fe}}^{\text{III}}{\text{-CN-Mn}}^{\text{II}})$ state. We performed a quantitative analysis by fitting our spectra with Gauss-Lorentz (GL) line shapes and determined the energy positions, oscillator strengths, and widths of individual transitions, as well as their thermal variation. It has been found that the GL profiles excellently approximate the optical response. Moreover, we observed a significant shift of the metal-ligand charge-transfer band8 upon the thermal transition and correlated it quantitatively to the volume change at the transition. We then derived the coefficient of the volumetric thermal expansion of the title compound and found $\ensuremath{\alpha}=(\ensuremath{\partial}V/\ensuremath{\partial}T)/\overline{V}\ensuremath{\simeq}3.0\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}\text{ }{\text{K}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ in the transition region and ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{T}^{LT}\ensuremath{\simeq}4.0\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}\text{ }{\text{K}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ $({\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{T}^{HT}=8.7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}\text{ }{\text{K}}^{\ensuremath{-}1})$ in the low-temperature (high-temperature) region, in very good agreement with the reported zero thermal-expansion character of this compound. Finally, from the analysis of the integrated absorption spectra, we derived the thermal hysteresis of the high-temperature fraction, which was found in very good agreement with that of magnetic data recorded on the same sample.
Evaluation of the Effect of Gain on the Meal Response of an Automated Closed-Loop Insulin Delivery System (2006)

A continuous closed-loop insulin delivery system using subcutaneous insulin delivery was evaluated in eight diabetic canines. Continuous glucose profiles were obtained by extrapolation of blood glucose measurements. Insulin delivery rate was calculated, using a model of beta-cell insulin secretion, and delivered with a Medtronic MiniMed subcutaneous infusion pump. The model acts like a classic proportional-integral-derivative controller, delivering insulin in proportion to glucose above target, history of past glucose values, and glucose rate of change. For each dog, a proportional gain was set relative to the open-loop total daily dose (TDD) of insulin. Additional gains based on 0.5 x TDD and 1.5 x TDD were also evaluated (gain dose response). Control was initiated 4 h before the meal with a target of 6.7 mmol/l. At the time of the meal, glucose was similar for all three gains (6.0 +/- 0.3, 5.2 +/- 0.3, and 4.9 +/- 0.5 mmol/l for 0.5 x TDD, TDD, and 1.5 x TDD, respectively; P > 0.05) with near-target values restored at the end of experiments (8.2 +/- 0.9, 6.0 +/- 0.6, and 6.0 +/- 0.5, respectively). The peak postprandial glucose level decreased significantly with increasing gain (12.1 +/- 0.6, 9.6 +/- 1.0, and 8.5 +/- 0.6 mmol/l, respectively; P < 0.05). The data demonstrate that closed-loop insulin delivery using the subcutaneous site can provide stable glycemic control within a range of gain.