gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Morphological Error Detection in 3D Segmentations (2017)

Deep learning algorithms for connectomics rely upon localized classification, rather than overall morphology. This leads to a high incidence of erroneously merged objects. Humans, by contrast, can easily detect such errors by acquiring intuition for the correct morphology of objects. Biological neurons have complicated and variable shapes, which are challenging to learn, and merge errors take a multitude of different forms. We present an algorithm, MergeNet, that shows 3D ConvNets can, in fact, detect merge errors from high-level neuronal morphology. MergeNet follows unsupervised training and operates across datasets. We demonstrate the performance of MergeNet both on a variety of connectomics data and on a dataset created from merged MNIST images.
On performance evaluation of the forward link of DS-CDMA PCS indoor systems with distributed antennas (2002)

We study the performance of the downlink of a DS-CDMA indoor system that incorporates distributed antennas and the convolutional code (CC) as error correction method. Based on the improved approach for the interpath interference (IA-IPI) introduced by Hueda (see Proc. 11/sup th/ PIRMC'00, London, 2000), we propose analytical expressions for the bit and frame error rate (BER/FER) at the output of the Viterbi decoder with soft decision decoding. The BER and FER of the forward traffic channel of an IS-95 system are then derived by computer simulation of the entire system and by numerical evaluation of analytic expressions. Results for several cases involving different numbers of antenna elements and different levels of interference from other cells are presented. The analytical models are shown to be most efficient in terms of computational cost while preserving excellent accuracy.
2:1 MUX and OR Logic Functions Using Triple Partial Electrodes: Toward Cascadable MEMS Logic Devices (2020)

Abstract In the era of IoT and smarter sensors and actuators, MEMS resonators are actively being explored for ultra-low-power computing devices due to their simplicity and potential toward energy-efficient computing machines. However, the realization of complex logic functions through the cascadability of MEMS resonator logic devices has introduced new challenges that require both the logic input and logic output signals to be based on AC signals at the same frequency. Toward these challenges, this study demonstrates 2:1 MUX function and OR gate with improved energy efficiency based on activation and deactivation of the third vibrational mode of an arch microbeam resonator with a pair of three partial electrodes.
Genetic modification of carbon catabolite repression in Trichoderma reesei for improved protein production (2005)

The cellulase and hemicellulase genes of the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei have been shown to be under carbon catabolite repression mediated by the regulatory gene cre1. In this study, strains were constructed in which the cre1 gene was either completely removed or replaced by a truncated mutant variant, cre1-1, found previously in the Rut-C30 mutant strain with enhanced enzyme production capability. The T. reesei transformants with either deletion or truncation of cre1 had clearly altered colony morphology compared with the parental strains, forming smaller colonies and fewer aerial hyphae and spores. Liquid cultures in a medium with glucose as a carbon source showed that the transformants were derepressed in cellulase and hemicellulase production. Interestingly, they also produced significantly elevated levels of these hydrolytic enzymes in fermentations carried out in a medium inducing the hydrolase genes. This suggests that cre1 acts as a modulator of cellulase and hemicellulase gene expression under both noninducing and inducing conditions. There was no phenotypic difference between the Δcre1 and cre1-1 mutant strains in any of the experiments done, indicating that the cre1-1 gene is practically a null allele. The results of this work indicate that cre1 is a valid target gene in strain engineering for improved enzyme production in T. reesei.
Citizen Attitudes Toward Orangestriped Oakworm: Impact, Control, Host Aesthetics, and IPM Practices (1991)

Abstract A random survey of two Norfolk, VA residential neighborhoods (N=132) revealed citizen attitudes toward the orangestriped oakworm, Anisota senatoria . The majority of citizens surveyed (98.5%) considered A. senatoria a serious problem, experienced greaterthan 50% defoliation (56%), and were willing to tolerate some damage (70%). Chi-square analysis showed the greater the damage, the less tolerant citizens were to A. senatoria infestation (P&lt;0.0001). The physical presence of A. senatoria , as measured by frass and larvae on property, was the primary citizen complaint and defoliation effects were considered as minor. Citizens were willing to pay for professional A. senatoriacontrol . Many (43.5%) felt municipal control was ineffective because of poor timing of treatments. They felt that trees (35%) and the lawn (34%) were aesthetically the most important components in the landscape. Most citizens (80%) were willing to pay for natural control, and some (38.5%) felt that pesticides were unsafe. The attitudes toward A. senatoria provided a framework for designing an urban pest management program.
Hallmarks of the Mott-Metal Crossover in the Hole Doped J=1/2 Mott insulator Sr2IrO4 (2014)

The physics of doped Mott insulators remains controversial after decades of active research, hindered by the interplay among possible competing orders and fluctuations. It is thus highly desired to distinguish the intrinsic characters of the Mott-metal crossover from those of other origins. We investigate the evolution of electronic structure and dynamics of the hole-doped J=1/2 Mott insulator Sr2IrO4. The effective hole doping is achieved by replacing Ir with Rh atoms, with the chemical potential immediately jumping to or near the top of the lower Hubbard band. The doped iridates exhibit multiple exotic features previously observed in doped cuprates - pseudogaps, Fermi "arcs", and marginal-Fermi-liquid-like electronic scattering rates, despite different mechanisms that forbid electron double-occupancy. We argue these universal features of the Mott-metal crossover are not related to preformed electron pairing, quantum criticality or density-wave formation as most commonly discussed. Instead, short-range antiferromagnetic correlations may play an indispensible role.
An Interaction between DNA Polymerase and Helicase Is Essential for the High Processivity of the Bacteriophage T7 Replisome (2012)

Synthesis of the leading DNA strand requires the coordinated activity of DNA polymerase and DNA helicase, whereas synthesis of the lagging strand involves interactions of these proteins with DNA primase. We present the first structural model of a bacteriophage T7 DNA helicase-DNA polymerase complex using a combination of small angle x-ray scattering, single-molecule, and biochemical methods. We propose that the protein-protein interface stabilizing the leading strand synthesis involves two distinct interactions: a stable binding of the helicase to the palm domain of the polymerase and an electrostatic binding of the carboxyl-terminal tail of the helicase to a basic patch on the polymerase. DNA primase facilitates binding of DNA helicase to ssDNA and contributes to formation of the DNA helicase-DNA polymerase complex by stabilizing DNA helicase.
Bioreducible Hydrophobin-Stabilized Supraparticles for Selective Intracellular Release (2017)

One of the main hurdles in nanomedicine is the low stability of drug-nanocarrier complexes as well as the drug delivery efficiency in the region-of-interest. Here, we describe the use of the film-forming protein hydrophobin HFBII to organize dodecanethiol-protected gold nanoparticles (NPs) into well-defined supraparticles (SPs). The obtained SPs are exceptionally stable in vivo and efficiently encapsulate hydrophobic drug molecules. The HFBII film prevents massive release of the encapsulated drug, which, instead, is activated by selective SP disassembly triggered intracellularly by glutathione reduction of the protein film. As a consequence, the therapeutic efficiency of an encapsulated anticancer drug is highly enhanced (2 orders of magnitude decrease in IC<sub>50</sub>). Biodistribution and pharmacokinetics studies demonstrate the high stability of the loaded SPs in the bloodstream and the selective release of the payloads once taken up in the tissues. Overall, our results provide a rationale for the development of bioreducible and multifunctional nanomedicines.
Coronary Whole-heart MR Angiography: Feasibility of Breath-hold Chasing with Diaphragmatic Navigation (2015)

We propose a simple but novel data acquisition technique for whole-heart coronary magnetic resonance angiography (CMRA). In this technique, the breath-hold chasing MRA, data are collected during breath-hold intervals, with the navigation window manually adjusted to the diaphragmatic level. Compared with the conventional free breathing MRA, this method provided 33% reduction of acquisition time and improved visibility of right coronary artery in 18 normal subjects without any additional software or hardware requirements.
Strain Hardening in Model Polymer Brushes under Shear (2001)

The nonlinear dynamic response of polymer melt brushes to large amplitude oscillatory shear is studied using melt state rheology of end-tethered polymer layered−silicate nanocomposites. These model melt brushes exhibit reversible strain hardening at moderate strain amplitudes, characterized by the presence of a critical strain amplitude for the transition that is only a function of the interlayer distance (i.e., silicate fraction). These results differ qualitatively from those observed for solvent-filled polymer brushes. A phenomenological explanation based on stretching of already distorted chains in response to the applied shear and predicated on the space filing requirements of a melt brush is provided to explain these unique results.
Fast DAC Solutions for Future High Symbol Rate Systems (2017)

We review electronic digital-to-analog converter (DAC) technologies with sampling rates beyond 200 GSa/s and analog electrical bandwidths of 100 GHz using digital bandwidth interleaving. These allow the all-electronic generation of up to 195-GBaud electrical and 180-Gbaud optical modulation formats.
Investigating the role of common and rare variants in multiplex multiple sclerosis families reveals an increased burden of common risk variation (2022)

Many multiple sclerosis (MS)-associated common risk variants as well as candidate low-frequency and rare variants have been identified; however, approximately half of MS heritability remains unexplained. We studied seven multiplex MS families, six of which with parental consanguinity, to identify genetic factors that increase MS risk. Candidate genomic regions were identified through linkage analysis and homozygosity mapping, and fully penetrant, rare, and low-frequency variants were detected by exome sequencing. Weighted sum score and polygenic risk score (PRS) analyses were conducted in MS families (24 affected, 17 unaffected), 23 sporadic MS cases, 63 individuals in 19 non-MS control families, and 1272 independent, ancestry-matched controls. We found that familial MS cases had a significantly higher common risk variation burden compared with population controls and control families. Sporadic MS cases tended to have a higher PRS compared with familial MS cases, suggesting the presence of a higher rare risk variation burden in the families. In line with this, score distributions among affected and unaffected family members within individual families showed that known susceptibility alleles can explain disease development in some high-risk multiplex families, while in others, additional genetic contributors increase MS risk.
HF Resonators for Damping of VFTs in GIS (2011)

A novel technique for damping of very fast transient overvoltages in gas insulated switchgears based on high frequency resonators is presented. Two different numerical algorithms based on full-Maxwell time-domain and frequency-domain electromagnetic field simulations for the design of HF resonators are described. The predictive power of the algorithms is validated by experiment. The damping effect of the suggested solution is confirmed by measurements.
Author Correction: Weighing Scale-Based Pulse Transit Time is a Superior Marker of Blood Pressure than Conventional Pulse Arrival Time (2018)

A correction has been published and is appended to both the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Continuous renal replacement therapies for the treatment of acute renal failure in intensive care patients. (1993)

Continuous renal replacement therapies are extensively utilized for the treatment of acute renal failure in the critically ill patient. The arterio-venous circulation has been partially substituted by the veno-venous pump driven circulation. Diffusion has been added to convection in order to increase the small solutes clearance even though sometimes the pure convection is still advantageously utilized. Hemofilters have been changed in hemodiafilters with the possibility of countercurrent dialysate circulation. The blood path geometry has been specifically designed to operate under conditions of low pressure and flow. Therefore lower amounts of heparin are required to maintain the extracorporeal anticoagulation with a reduced risk of bleeding. New techniques and new materials permit us today to carry out continuous therapies with a low rate of complications and an increased percentage of survival among the treated patients. The improved understanding of the multiple organ failure syndrome and the pathophysiology of the septic syndrome, suggest today newer indications for continuous renal replacement therapies. The proposed mechanisms of action of the therapy should be the removal of chemical mediators such as platelet activating factor, interleukin-1 and tumor necrosing factor alfa, not only by a filtration process, but also by the adsorption on the surface and structure of the artificial membrane. These new mechanisms may in part be responsible for the beneficial effects of continuous therapies in the patients affected by acute renal failure and other organ dysfunctions.
Apprentissage a contrario et architecture efficace pour la détection d'évènements visuels significatifs (2008)

To ensure the robustness of a detection algorithm, it is important to get a close control of the false alarms it may produce. Because of the great variability of natural images, this task is very difficult in computer vision, and most methods have to rely on a priori chosen parameters. This limits the validity and applicability of the resulting algorithms. Recently, by searching for structures for which some properties are very unlikely to be due to chance, the a contrario statistical approach has proved successful to provide parameterless detection algorithms with a bounded expected number of false alarms. However, existing applications rely on a purely analytical framework that requires a big modeling effort, makes it difficult to use heterogeneous features and limits the use of data-driven search heuristics. In this thesis, we propose to overcome these restrictions by using statistical learning for quantities that cannot be computed analytically. The interest of this approach is demonstrated through three applications : segment detection, segmentation into homogeneous regions, and object matching from a database of pictures. For the two first ones, we show that robust decision thresholds can be learned from white noise images. For the last one, we show that only a few examples of natural images that do not contain the database objects are sufficient to learn accurate decision thresholds. Finally, we notice that the monotonicity of a contrario reasoning enables an incremental integration of partial data. This property leads us to propose an architecture for object detection which has an "anytime" behavior : it provides results all along its execution, the most salient first, and thus can be constrained to run in limited time.
USING ECN MARKS TO IMPROVE TCP PERFORMANCE OVER LOSSY LINKS (2004)

TCP was designed for wireline networks, where loss events are mostly caused by network congestion. The congestion control mechanism of current TCP uses loss events as the indicator of congestion, and reduces its congestion window size. However, when a lossy link is involved in a TCP connection, non-congestion random losses should also be considered. The congestion window size should not be decreased if a loss event is caused by link corruptions. To improve TCP performance over lossy links, in this paper, we rst present that zero congestion loss could be achieved by appropriately setting the ECN marking threshold in the RED buffer. Secondly, we propose a new TCP algorithm, called Differentiation Capable TCP (Diff-C-TCP). Diff-C-TCP makes an assumption that packet losses are caused by link corruptions, and uses ECN (Explicit Congestion Notication) to determine any loss that may occasionally happen due to network congestion. We have shown that Diff-C-TCP performs very well in the presence of a lossy link.
Synthesis, insecticidal activity and pyrethroidal mode of action of new tin ether derivatives (1989)

Abstract A novel range of trimethylstanniomethyl ethers of well known pyrethroid alcohols were synthesised, and their insecticidal activities and modes of action as insecticides were investigated. Among them, ethers from three types of alcohol (3‐phenoxybenzyl, 4‐fluoro‐3‐phenoxybenzyl and 6‐phenoxy‐2‐pyridylmethyl) showed remarkable insecticidal activities against rice stem borers, houseflies and German cockroaches. According to electrophysiological studies on the abdominal nerve cords of German cockroaches, trimethylstanniomethyl 6‐phenoxy‐2‐pyridylmethyl ether induced a rapid decline in spontaneous firing similar to that from tetramethrin. However, insecticidal trimethyltin chloride caused an entirely different response. These observations suggest that the present tin ether derivatives resemble pyrethroids, rather than the insecticidal tin compounds known so far.
Process optimization of ecological probe sonication technique for production of rifampicin loaded niosomes (2019)

The aim of the present study was to develop an optimized niosome formulation for the encapsulation of a poorly water-soluble drug by the ecological probe sonication method. Pluronic L121 and Span 60 were used as surface active agents and the optimization of the composition was made with the aid of Design of Experiment (DoE) concept. Rifampicin was used as a model drug. Concentration levels of charge inducing agent, dicetylphosphate (DCP), and Pluronic L121 were studied as variables. Prepared niosomes with varying concentrations of DCP and Pluronic L121 resulted in small sized niosomes with sizes ranging from 190 nm to 893 nm. During the four weeks stability testing, the particle sizes were reduced slightly. The formulation containing 2 mg of DCP resulted in most stable niosomes with 75.37% entrapment efficiency. All the niosomal formulations showed higher in vitro drug release rates as compared to bulk drug formulation. As a conclusion, rifampicin loaded niosomes prepared with Pluronic L121 and Span 60 resulted in stable, small sized niosomes with improved drug release profile.
Reactive electrochemical membranes for the removal of organic pollutants from wastewater (2019)

International audience
Tensile-strained germanium-on-insulator substrate fabrication for silicon-compatible optoelectronics (2011)

We present a method to fabricate tensile-strained germanium-oninsulator (GOI) substrates using heteroepitaxy and layer transfer techniques.The motivation is to obtain a high-quality wafer-scale GOI platform suitable for silicon-compatible optoelectronic device fabrication.Crystal quality is assessed using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscopy.A biaxial tensile film strain of 0.16% is verified by XRD.Suitability for device manufacturing is demonstrated through fabrication and characterization of metal-semiconductor-metal photodetectors that exhibit photoresponse beyond 1.55 μm.The substrate fabrication process is compatible with complementary metal-oxidesemiconductor manufacturing and represents a potential route to wafer-scale integration of silicon-compatible optoelectronics.
External Quality Assurance Schemes: The Impact of Participation in the UK Versus Rest of the World: 5 Year Data from the UK National External Quality Assurance Scheme. (2009)

Abstract The American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists guidelines highlighted the critical importance of quality assurance in diagnostic testing for HER2.Unstained formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human breast carcinoma cell line sections were circulated to scheme participants on 15 occasions over 5 years. “Reference laboratories” reported results for the HER2/chromosome 17 ratio and HER2 copy number for 5 years for each cell line. Results from the 5th years participants (3 runs 13, 14, 15) were assessed for the pass rate in UK versus rest of the world (EU, US, Asia, etc). The number of participants was 76-78 laboratories/run (UK 30-35, ROW 43-46).Results: The percentage of laboratories achieving “appropriate” results ranged from 78-82% overall. Significantly higher performance was observed over 3 runs for UK laboratories (91-97%, “appropriate” results) versus ROW laboratories (67-74% “appropriate” results), p = 0.004. All methods used by scheme participants in UK Laboratories had excellent performance rates (Pathvysion, PharmDx, Ventana SISH/Inform, Kreatech Posieden). However in the ROW there was evidence of poor performance, which may be related to the assay format, although numbers of comparisons are relatively small.Participation in external quality assurance schemes is a valuable mechanism for evaluation and benchmarking of performance between laboratories. It also serves to improve consistency of HER2 testing by in situ hybridization. Using data from the UK NEQAS scheme we identified that laboratories whose performance is monitored and linked to an intergrated corrective action component(UK laboratories) perform consistently better than laboratories where performance data alone is provided (ROW). In the UK both participation and adequate performance in a national EQA scheme is required for laboratory accreditation. Whilst, in the context of robust EQA there is no evidence that different methods affect performance, in the ROW implementation of some assays appears sub-optimal. This poor performance does not, however, identify fundamental flaws with these methods, which are currently very well controlled amongst UK users but suggests greater attention to EQA results and change to improve laboratory performance is required in the rest of the world. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 6010.