gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lysis of malignant B cells from patients with B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia by autologous T cells activated with CD3 x CD19 bispecific antibodies in combination with bivalent CD28 antibodies (1993)

Bispecific antibodies (bi-MABs) can be used to target T cells to autologous tumor cells. It has been shown that the activation of resting human T cells requires two independent signals, namely the cross-linking of the T-cell receptor (TCR)-CD3 complex together with the CD28 homodimer. In the present study, we demonstrate the activation of T cells from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) using bi-MABs against the CD3 and CD19 antigens (CD3 x CD19) in combination with monospecific, bivalent antibodies against the CD28 antigen. Mononuclear cells from patients with CLL were cultured with the bi-MAB CD3 x CD19 and monospecific CD28 antibodies. The CD3 x CD19 bi-MABs were isolated by the hybridoma-hybridoma fusion technique and purified by hydrophobic interaction chromatography. T-Cell activation as demonstrated by increased proliferation, upregulation of T-cell activation markers (CD25, CD38), and cytotoxicity against autologous CLL cells and allogeneic B cells was shown in seven of eight CLL specimens. The stimulation with CD3 x CD19 bi-MABs with CD28 antibodies preferentially induced proliferation of CD4+ T cells. The effective dose of purified antibodies required for optimal T-cell activation was 100 ng/mL in vitro, which suggests that this antibody combination may be useful for immunotherapy of patients with B-CLL.
Rapidly reconfigurable pulse-shaping using injection-locked VCSELs (2011)

We demonstrate independent modulation of four optical comb lines at rates of up to 3.125 GHz by injection-locking a VCSEL to each of the comb lines. The comb-lines are separated by 6.25 GHz, as determined by the channel separation of the fiberized, matched-pair of demultiplexer and multiplexer. The currents to the VCSELs are modulated at frequencies between 0.78125 and 3.125 GHz and the resulting optical waveforms are measured using a fast photodiode and a high-bandwidth, real-time oscilloscope. The electronic waveforms have envelopes with periodicities corresponding to the current-modulation frequencies, and the pulse-shapes within one period of the envelope vary. The measurements prove that dynamic reconfiguration of the optical pulse-shape has been achieved at rates approaching the repetition rate of the comb source.
GLUT3 and PKM2 regulate OCT4 expression and support the hypoxic culture of human embryonic stem cells (2015)

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have the capacity to differentiate into all cell types and thus have great potential for regenerative medicine. hESCs cultured at low oxygen tensions are more pluripotent and display an increased glycolytic rate but how this is regulated is unknown. This study therefore aimed to investigate the regulation of glucose metabolism in hESCs and whether this might impact OCT4 expression. In contrast to the glucose transporter GLUT1, GLUT3 was regulated by environmental oxygen and localised to hESC membranes. Silencing GLUT3 caused a reduction in glucose uptake and lactate production as well as OCT4 expression. GLUT3 and OCT4 expression were correlated suggesting that hESC self-renewal is regulated by the rate of glucose uptake. Surprisingly, PKM2, a rate limiting enzyme of glycolysis displayed a nuclear localisation in hESCs and silencing PKM2 did not alter glucose metabolism suggesting a role other than as a glycolytic enzyme. PKM2 expression was increased in hESCs cultured at 5% oxygen compared to 20% oxygen and silencing PKM2 reduced OCT4 expression highlighting a transcriptional role for PKM2 in hESCs. Together, these data demonstrate two separate mechanisms by which genes regulating glucose uptake and metabolism are involved in the hypoxic support of pluripotency in hESCs.
Influences of Microstructural Morphology in Carbon Steels on the Initial Yielding Behaviour and the Bauschinger's Effect (2002)

Calculated results by the homogenization methods were compared with the observed results by TEM to validate that morphology of carbide in the microstructure affects the mechanical properties of high carbon steel in the vicinity of initial yield point. The material was 0.80Cmass% carbon steel, and behaviours of two steels prepared by different thermal treatment were compared; (1) perfectly pearlitic structure, and (2) spheroidized carbide structure. It was also shown that similar mechanism occurring in the microstructure in the vicinity of initial yield point also applies to the mechanism dominating the Bauschinger's effect of these two steels.
Isolation and characterization of nodulation genes from Bradyrhizobium sp. ( Vigna ) strain IRc 78 (1985)

An 11.76-kilobase-pair (kb) segment of DNA from Bradyrhizobium sp. (Vigna) strain IRc 78 that hybridizes to nodulation genes of Rhizobium meliloti strain 41 was isolated. Hybridization of the 11.76-kb DNA fragment to DNA from other Bradyrhizobium species revealed a high degree of sequence conservation in this region. Transfer of the 11.76-kb segment to nodulation-defective (Nod(-)) mutants of R. meliloti restored their ability to induce nodules on Medicago sativa (alfalfa). Mutants of strain IRc 78 generated by Tn5 mutagenesis of the 11.76-kb segment fell into three classes according to their symbiotic reaction with Vigna unguiculata (cowpea). Class I mutants of strain IRc 78 were unable to induce root-hair curling or to nodulate; class II induced small, ineffective nodules; and class III showed delayed and decreased nodulation with reduction in amount of nitrogen fixed. Furthermore, in contrast to the wild-type strain, class I mutants could not induce nodules on Glycine max (soybean), Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea), or Arachis hypogaea (peanut). This finding suggests a common function of the 11.76-kb region in the infection of host plants by Bradyrhizobium either through root hairs or by "crack entry."
Design and Fabrication of Integrated Power Inductor Based on Silicon Molding Technology (2007)

This paper reports a new fabrication process that can be used to integrate high-power-density and low-loss inductors with silicon-based power ICs to realize monolithic integration of power converters for portable electronics applications. In this new process, copper is electroplated into through-wafer silicon trenches, resulting in thick copper windings (200~500 μm) and thus low winding resistance. The magnetic cores are electroplated on both sides of the silicon substrate to cover the copper windings, and through-wafer magnetic vias are used to close the magnetic path. <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Powder</i> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">permalloy</i> with relatively high resistivity (400 μΩ·cm) and low permeability (40) are used to reduce the loss of large magnetic cores. The powder permalloy can be fabricated by using high-current-density electroplating without mixing or high temperature sintering. A pot-core inductor has been designed and fabricated. The inductance and saturation current of the designed inductor are 179nH and 5 A, respectively. The measured winding resistance of the 200 μm thick copper winding is 23 mΩ.
Lysophosphatidic acid-induced platelet shape change revealed through LPA1–5receptor-selective probes and albumin (2008)

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a component of mildly-oxidized LDL and the lipid rich core of atherosclerotic plaques, elicits platelet activation. LPA is the ligand of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) of the EDG family (LPA(1-3)) and the newly identified LPA(4-7) subcluster. LPA(4), LPA(5) and LPA(7) increase cellular cAMP levels that would induce platelet inhibition rather than activation. In the present study we quantified the mRNA levels of the LPA(1-7) GPCR in human platelets and found a rank order LPA(4) = LPA(5) > LPA(7) > LPA(6) = LPA(2) >> LPA(1) > LPA(3). We examined platelet shape change using a panel of LPA receptor subtype-selective agonists and antagonists and compared them with their pharmacological profiles obtained in heterologous LPA(1-5) receptor expression systems. Responses to different natural acyl and alkyl species of LPA, and octyl phosphatidic acid analogs, alpha-substituted phosphonate analogs, N-palmitoyl-tyrosine phosphoric acid, N-palmitoyl-serine phosphoric acid were tested. All of these compounds elicited platelet activation and also inhibited LPA-induced platelet shape change after pre-incubation, suggesting that receptor desensitization is likely responsible for the inhibition of this response. Fatty acid free albumin (10 microM) lacking platelet activity completely inhibited platelet shape change induced by LPA with an IC(50) of 1.1 microM but had no effect on the activation of LPA(1,2,3,&5) expressed in endogenously non-LPA-responsive RH7777 cells. However, albumin reduced LPA(4) activation and shifted the dose-response curve to the right. LPA(5) transiently expressed in RH7777 cells showed preference to alkyl-LPA over acyl-LPA that is similar to that in platelets. LPA did not increase cAMP levels in platelets. In conclusion, our results with the pharmacological compounds and albumin demonstrate that LPA does not induce platelet shape change simply through activation of LPA(1-5), and the receptor(s) mediating LPA-induced platelet activation remains elusive.
A case study of mapping a software-defined radio (SDR) application on a reconfigurable DSP core (2003)

We present a case study involving the implementation of a complete Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) digital receiver part of an AMR channel onto a reconfigurable core. WCDMA is one of the two major standards for the third generation (3G) cellular systems. Traditionally most of the receiver components were confined to ASIC implementation for performance, size and power consumption reasons. The MS1 reconfigurable DSP core provides both a microprocessor and reconfigurable fabric as well as a variety of peripherals. The various functions of the receiver were mapped onto different core components. The complete system was tested both in simulation as well as on a hardware platform comprising a silicon implementation of the MS1 DSP core.
A Masking Model for Motion Sharpening Phenomenon in Video Sequences (2008)

In this paper, we show that motion sharpening phenomenon can be explained as a form of visual masking for a special case where a video sequence is composed of alternate frames with different level of sharpness. A frame of higher sharpness behaves to mask the ambiguity of a subsequent frame of lower sharpness and hence preserves the perceptive quality of the whole sequence. Borrowing the mechanism for visual masking, we formulated a quantitative model for deriving the minimum spatial frequency conditions which preserves the subjective quality of the frames being masked. The quantitative model takes into account three fundamental properties of the video signals, namely the size of motion, average luminance and the power of each frequency components. The psychophysical responses towards the changes of these properties are obtained through subjective assessment tests using video sequences of simple geometrical patterns. Subjective experiments on natural video sequences show that more than 75% of viewers could make no distinction between the original sequence and the one processed using the quantitative model.
Respiratory infections during lithium and valproate medication: a within-individual prospective study of 50,000 patients with bipolar disorder (2021)

This study provides real-world evidence that lithium is associated with decreased risk for respiratory infections and suggests that the repurposing potential of lithium for potential antiviral or antibacterial effects is worthy of investigation.
Transformation-invariant clustering using the EM algorithm (2003)

Clustering is a simple, effective way to derive useful representations of data, such as images and videos. Clustering explains the input as one of several prototypes, plus noise. In situations where each input has been randomly transformed (e.g., by translation, rotation, and shearing in images and videos), clustering techniques tend to extract cluster centers that account for variations in the input due to transformations, instead of more interesting and potentially useful structure. For example, if images from a video sequence of a person walking across a cluttered background are clustered, it would be more useful for the different clusters to represent different poses and expressions, instead of different positions of the person and different configurations of the background clutter. We describe a way to add transformation invariance to mixture models, by approximating the nonlinear transformation manifold by a discrete set of points. We show how the expectation maximization algorithm can be used to jointly learn clusters, while at the same time inferring the transformation associated with each input. We compare this technique with other methods for filtering noisy images obtained from a scanning electron microscope, clustering images from videos of faces into different categories of identification and pose and removing foreground obstructions from video. We also demonstrate that the new technique is quite insensitive to initial conditions and works better than standard techniques, even when the standard techniques are provided with extra data.
Plenary - Applications of photonic crystals in integrated photonics (2004)

Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. Scherer, "Plenary - Applications of photonic crystals in integrated photonics," in Optical Amplifiers and Their Applications/Integrated Photonics Research, Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2004), paper JWA2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Immunomodulatory Cationic Peptide Therapeutics: A New Paradigm in Infection and Immunity (2012)

Natural cationic host defence (antimicrobial) peptides are widely distributed gene encoded molecules with diverse structures. There are more than 1200 natural Host Defence Peptides (HDPs) described to date. Due to the multifunctional roles defined for such peptides there is a keen interest in the potential therapeutic applications of HDPs and their synthetic mimics, Antimicrobial peptides and Innate Defence Regulator (IDR) peptides. These peptides constitute two broad classes of potential therapeutics; (i) with direct antimicrobial and/or anti-biofilm activity, and (ii) with immune-modulating and/or anti-inflammatory activity. Exploiting the immunomodulatory functions of these peptides represents a new therapeutic approach for resolution of infections and inflammatory disorders.
A Neonatal Mouse Model of Intestinal Perforation: Investigating the Harmful Synergism Between Glucocorticoids and Indomethacin (2007)

Our findings suggest that eNOS and nNOS display functional overlap in the newborn mouse gastrointestinal tract and that simultaneous reduction in the activity of both NOS isoforms may be a risk factor for neonatal ileal perforation. If this holds true in human infants, then it provides a plausible etiologic explanation for the strong temporal association between SIP and the simultaneous treatment of ELBW infants with glucocorticoids and indomethacin.
Structure-based Design of 4-Hydroxy-3,5-Substituted Piperidines as a New Class of Highly Efficacious Oral Direct Renin Inhibitors (2014)

Starting from the cis-configured 3,5-disubstituted piperidine direct renin inhibitor (DRI), (rac)-1, discovered from a target-family-tailored library by high throughput screening (HTS), a structure-based design effort was performed by optimization of both the prime and non-prime site residues flanking the central piperidine transition-state surrogate. This has resulted in analogs with improved potency and pharmacokinetic (PK) properties, and culminated in the identification of the 4-hydroxy-3,5-substituted piperidine, 35 as a development candidate. This compound showed high in vitro potency toward human renin with excellent off-target selectivity, 60% oral bioavailability in rat, and dose-dependent blood pressure lowering effects in the double-transgenic rat model.
Synthesis of Substituted 3‐Arylpiperidines and 3‐Arylpyrrolidines by Radical 1,4 and 1,2‐Aryl Migrations. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Abstract 19881: Low Contrast Technique Significantly Reduces Rate of Contrast-induced Nephropathy (CIN) (2014)

Background: Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) after percutaneous cardiovascular procedures is associated with worse short and long term outcomes. A risk score by Mehran et al [incorporating dye amount, age, diabetes, anemia, heart failure, hypotension and intra-aortic balloon pump] is commonly used for predicting CIN risk. However, the minimal amount of contrast used to validate this score was 100 cc. We hypothesized that minimizing the IVC amount utilizing a 3 cc syringe and selected views could decrease CIN rates below the predicted value. Methods: We abstracted data from diagnostic and therapeutic (including coronary, peripheral and valve interventions) procedures from 2010-2013 in patients with serum creatinine > 1.5 mg/dl. All coronary and non-coronary diagnostic and interventional procedures were performed utilizing the 3cc low contrast technique and limited, focused views. We documented the occurrence of CIN (Increase in 25% and/or 0.5 mg/dl in serum creatinine at 24-72h post procedure). We then calculated the predicted risk based on the risk score and used the one sample proportion test to compare the actual and predicted CIN rates. Results: We had complete data on 67 sequential patients with mean creatinine of 2.1 mg/dl (+/-0.5). The mean amount of contrast used per patient was 26.6 cc (+/-15). In these high-risk patients, the actual incidence of CIN was significantly lower than the predicted incidence [3 patients (4.5%) vs. 23(34%); p Conclusions: Thus, aggressive and mindful minimization of contrast utilization using a 3cc syringe and focused angiographic views decreased the rate of CIN by more than 7 fold the predicted rate.
Cardiovascular changes in cardiogenic and obstructive shocks: Analysis using a cardiopulmonary simulation model (2008)

Conditions characterized by a fall in cardiac output are associated with alterations in cardiopulmonary variables and activation of cardiovascular and respiratory control mechanisms. In order to study these complex relationships, we developed a comprehensive cardiopulmonary model consisting of a circulation, a respiration and a metabolism block. In this work, the model is used to simulate cardiovascular dynamics in pathological conditions with an acute decrease in heart function. In particular, two conditions are examined: the first is characterized by a decrease in heart contractility, simulated in the model via a reduction in the left ventricular end-systolic elastance. The second consists in an increase in pulmonary arterial resistance, associated with pulmonary embolism. In conclusion, the proposed model may be of value in clinical settings to illustrate the complex relationship among cardiovascular variables.
Insulator issues in alternating-current thin-film electroluminescent devices (2001)

An n-sheet, state-space model is employed for the assessment of insulator issues of relevance to the operation of alternating-current thin-film electroluminescent (ACTFEL) devices. The model presented herein has been refined by the inclusion of luminance, which is modeled as arising from impact excitation of luminescent impurities. Simulation demonstrates that ACTFEL devices which have large insulator capacitances and no space charge present in the phosphor are optimal in terms of providing maximum luminance and efficiency. A method for estimating the phosphor space charge density from a single transferred charge curve is presented. Simulation indicates that the use of a leaky insulator in an ACTFEL device can result in an increase in luminance, but a decrease in efficiency and that measured charge–voltage and internal charge–phosphor field curves are misleading when one or more of the constituent insulator or phosphor layers is leaky.
Planar or Perpendicular? Conformational Preferences of π‐Conjugated Metalloporphyrin Dimers and Trimers in Supramolecular Tubular Arrays (2005)

Frage der Orientierung: Bei der Selbstorganisation eines frei rotierenden Dialkinyl-verbrückten Zink(pyridylporphyrin)-Dimers entsteht bevorzugt das cyclische Tetramer, in dem das orthogonale Konformer (⊥) vorliegt, und nicht das üblichere planare Konformer ( // , siehe Bild). Der Grund für dieses Verhalten ist wahrscheinlich ein effizienter Ausgleich der Dipolmomente in der selbstorganisierten Struktur.
Technical Note. Virtual MR Angioscopy of the Pulmonary Artery Tree (1996)

An optimized, contrast-enhanced 3D MR angiography sequence is combined with image postprocessing to render interior views of the pulmonary arteries. Virtual angioscopy was successfully demonstrated on both a healthy volunteer and a pulmonary embolism patient. By targeting selected pulmonary artery branches, virtual angioscopy has the potential to become a powerful adjunct to the use of reformatted sections and maximum intensity projections in the assessment of pulmonary embolism.
Pathogenicity ofCryptococcus neoformans: an Evolutionary Perspective (2014)

Cryptococcus neoformans has several well-established virulence factors: a polysaccharide capsule that surrounds the cell body, melanin production, urease, phospholypase, and growth at 37°C. Among these factors, the best characterized are the capsule and melanin. The fact that the size of the capsule increases after infection suggests that it is required for survival in the host, and mutants unable to undergo this process are less virulent. The ability of C. neoformans to grow at 37°C and in slightly alkaline pH, which are conditions that the yeast encounters during infection in mammalian hosts, is a main feature that allows this yeast to be a pathogenic fungus. Furthermore, the interaction of C. neoformans with some of other hosts such as bacteria, protozoa and slime molds can enhance virulence by affecting what we consider to be the virulence factors of this yeast and the ability to kill mice. This chapter reviews the interactions and discusses how they may influence the virulence of the organism during evolution. Other virulence factors, such as phospholipase, are important for survival of the yeast cells. The chapter reviews how C. neoformans can infect and interact with many different hosts, including amoebas, nematodes, insects, and many mammals. At the same time, C. neoformans increased virulence by exploiting some of the features that this fungus uses for survival in the environment, such as the capsule and melanin production.