gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermal management of an urban groundwater body (2012)

Abstract. This study presents a management concept for the sustainable thermal use of an urban groundwater body. The concept is designed to be applied for shallow thermal groundwater use and is based on (1) a characterization of the present thermal state of the investigated urban groundwater body; (2) the definition of development goals for specific aquifer regions, including future aquifer use and urbanization; and (3) an evaluation of the thermal use potential for these regions. The investigations conducted in the city of Basel (Switzerland) focus on thermal processes down-gradient of thermal groundwater use, effects of heated buildings in the aquifer as well as the thermal influence of river-groundwater interaction. Investigation methods include: (1) short- and long-term data analysis; (2) high-resolution multilevel groundwater temperature monitoring; as well as (3) 3-D numerical groundwater flow and heat-transport modeling and scenario development. The combination of these methods allows quantifying the thermal influence on the investigated urban groundwater body, including the influences of thermal groundwater use and additional heat from urbanization. Subsequently, management strategies for minimizing further groundwater temperature increase, targeting "potential natural" groundwater temperatures for specific aquifer regions and exploiting the thermal use potential are discussed.
Linear Optical Anisotropy in Aromatic Polyimide Films and Its Applications in Negative Birefringent Compensators of Liquid-Crystal Displays (1997)

Samples of soluble aromatic polyimides of varying chemical structure and molecular weight were synthesized in refluxing m-cresol at elevated temperatures through a one-step polymerization route. Modifications of the dianhydride and diamine monomers were designed to prepare aromatic polyimides having new architectures based on the requirements of liquid crystal display (LCD) applications. The solution-cast films exhibit linear optical anisotropy (LOA), which is called uniaxial negative birefringence (UNB) and is characterized by the presence of a larger refractive index along the in-plane direction than in the out-of-plane direction. It is found that the UNB is critically associated with the backbone linearity and rigidity as well as the intrinsic polarizability of the polyimides. A specific polyimide synthesized from 2,2'-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)-hexafluoropropane and2,2'-bis(trifluoro-memyl)-4,4'-diaminobiphenyl was used as an example to study the molecular weight effect on the LOA. For films having a fixed molecular weight, the refractive indices are constant for film thicknesses below 15 µm. They gradually change with further increase of the film thickness. On the other hand, the refractive index along the out-of-plane direction decreases while the in-plane refractive index increases when the polyimide molecular weight increases. The LOA is closely associated with the anisotropy of other second order parameters which are second derivatives with respect to the energy term. These parameters include the coefficient of thermal expansion, modulus, dielectric constant and refractive index. Films with this UNB can be used as negative birefringent compensators in twisted and super-twisted nematic LCDs to improve display viewingangles.
Spectroscopy (2008)

No AccessPlastics Testing and CharacterizationMar 2008SpectroscopyAlberto Naranjo, María del Pilar Noriega E., Tim A. Osswald, Alejandro Roldán-Alzate, Juan Diego SierraAlberto Naranjo, María del Pilar Noriega E., Tim A. Osswald, Alejandro Roldán-Alzate, Juan Diego Sierrahttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446418530.002SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2008Pages: 7-53Print ISBN: 978-3-446-41315-3eISBN: 978-3-446-41853-0 Copyright & Permissions© 2008 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
CPV: Delay-Based Location Verification for the Internet (2015)

The number of location-aware services over the Internet continues growing. Some of these require the client's geographic location for security-sensitive applications. Examples include location-aware authentication, location-aware access policies, fraud prevention, complying with media licensing, and regulating online gambling/voting. An adversary can evade existing geolocation techniques, e.g., by faking GPS coordinates or employing a non-local IP address through proxy and virtual private networks. We devise Client Presence Verification (CPV), a delay-based verification technique designed to verify an assertion about a device's presence inside a prescribed geographic region. CPV does not identify devices by their IP addresses. Rather, the device's location is corroborated in a novel way by leveraging geometric properties of triangles, which prevents an adversary from manipulating measured delays. To achieve high accuracy, CPV mitigates Internet path asymmetry using a novel method to deduce one-way application-layer delays to/from the client's participating device, and mines these delays for evidence supporting/refuting the asserted location. We evaluate CPV through detailed experiments on PlanetLab, exploring various factors that affect its efficacy, including the granularity of the verified location, and the verification time. Results highlight the potential of CPV for practical adoption.
Transcervical Approach to Benign Parapharyngeal Space Tumors (2012)

The majority of PPS tumors are benign. It is important to use an approach that allows complete tumor excision but does not impart undue postoperative morbidity. We demonstrate that the transcervical approach without submandibular gland excision, parotidectomy, or mandibulotomy is ideal for benign PPS tumors.
Delay analysis of feedback-synchronization signaling for multicast flow control (2003)

Feedback signaling plays a key role in flow control because the traffic source relies on the signaling information to make correct and timely flow-control decisions. Design of an efficient signaling algorithm is a challenging task since the signaling messages can tolerate neither error nor latency. Multicast flow-control signaling imposes two additional challenges: scalability and feedback synchronization. Previous research on multicast feedback-synchronization signaling has mainly focused on algorithm design and implementation. However, the delay properties of these algorithms are, despite their vital importance, neither well understood nor thoroughly studied. We develop both deterministic and statistical binary-tree models to study the delay performance of the multicast signaling algorithms. The deterministic model is used to derive the expressions of each path's feedback roundtrip time in a multicast tree, while the statistical model is employed to derive the general probability distributions of each path becoming the multicast-tree bottleneck. Using these models, we analyze and contrast the signaling delay scalability of two representative multicast signaling protocols - the soft-synchronization protocol (SSP) and the hop-by-hop (HBH) scheme - by deriving the first and second moments of multicast signaling delays. Also derived is the optimal flow-control update interval for SSP to minimize the multicast signaling delay.
A hybrid sequential sampling based metamodelling approach for high dimensional problems (2016)

High Dimensional Model Representation (HDMR) offers efficient ways to approximate computation-intensive high- dimensional black-box functions. The distinctive nature of HDMR allows a high-dimensional problem to be decomposed into a low-dimensional function or a combination of various low-dimensional functions, thus making it more attractive than other popular metamodelling approaches such as Kriging, Radial basis function, etc. However, the computational cost of HDMR is still a bottleneck for high-dimensional problems. In this work, a hybrid sequential sampling based Kriging metamodelling technique is integrated with HDMR to improve the computational efficiency of HDMR for high-dimensional problems. The performance of the proposed metamodelling approach for high-dimensional problems is validated with various benchmark mathematical problems of a wide scope of dimensionalities.
Critical gate module process enabling the implementation of a 50A/600V AlGaN/GaN MOS-HEMT (2012)

Two critical processes within the gate module of GaN-based MOS-HEMT with significant impact on device robustness and performance were identified and are presented in this paper. Specifically, data highlighting the impact of the number of cycles of the atomic layer etching of the AlGaN barrier to recess the gate region and the sequence of the gate dielectric anneal step on device performance are discussed. The optimization of these two critical steps enabled the implementation of a 50A/600V with an off-state leakage current of 455 μA at 600V and on-state resistance of 41mΩ at V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">GS</sub> =2.5V.
Induction of Angiogenesis by Malarial Infection through Hypoxia Dependent Manner (2019)

Malarial infection induces tissue hypoxia in the host through destruction of red blood cells. Tissue hypoxia in malarial infection may increase the activity of HIF1α through an intracellular oxygen-sensing pathway. Activation of HIF1α may also induce vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to trigger angiogenesis. To investigate whether malarial infection actually generates hypoxia-induced angiogenesis, we analyzed severity of hypoxia, the expression of hypoxia-related angiogenic factors, and numbers of blood vessels in various tissues infected with Plasmodium berghei. Infection in mice was performed by intraperitoneal injection of 2×106 parasitized red blood cells. After infection, we studied parasitemia and survival. We analyzed hypoxia, numbers of blood vessels, and expression of hypoxia-related angiogenic factors including VEGF and HIF1α. We used Western blot, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry to analyze various tissues from Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. In malaria-infected mice, parasitemia was increased over the duration of infection and directly associated with mortality rate. Expression of VEGF and HIF1α increased with the parasitemia in various tissues. Additionally, numbers of blood vessels significantly increased in each tissue type of the malaria-infected group compared to the uninfected control group. These results suggest that malarial infection in mice activates hypoxia-induced angiogenesis by stimulation of HIF1α and VEGF in various tissues.
The International Workshop on Osteoarthritis Imaging Knee MRI\n Segmentation Challenge: A Multi-Institute Evaluation and Analysis Framework\n on a Standardized Dataset (2020)

Purpose: To organize a knee MRI segmentation challenge for characterizing the\nsemantic and clinical efficacy of automatic segmentation methods relevant for\nmonitoring osteoarthritis progression.\n Methods: A dataset partition consisting of 3D knee MRI from 88 subjects at\ntwo timepoints with ground-truth articular (femoral, tibial, patellar)\ncartilage and meniscus segmentations was standardized. Challenge submissions\nand a majority-vote ensemble were evaluated using Dice score, average symmetric\nsurface distance, volumetric overlap error, and coefficient of variation on a\nhold-out test set. Similarities in network segmentations were evaluated using\npairwise Dice correlations. Articular cartilage thickness was computed per-scan\nand longitudinally. Correlation between thickness error and segmentation\nmetrics was measured using Pearson's coefficient. Two empirical upper bounds\nfor ensemble performance were computed using combinations of model outputs that\nconsolidated true positives and true negatives.\n Results: Six teams (T1-T6) submitted entries for the challenge. No\nsignificant differences were observed across all segmentation metrics for all\ntissues (p=1.0) among the four top-performing networks (T2, T3, T4, T6). Dice\ncorrelations between network pairs were high (&gt;0.85). Per-scan thickness errors\nwere negligible among T1-T4 (p=0.99) and longitudinal changes showed minimal\nbias (&lt;0.03mm). Low correlations (&lt;0.41) were observed between segmentation\nmetrics and thickness error. The majority-vote ensemble was comparable to top\nperforming networks (p=1.0). Empirical upper bound performances were similar\nfor both combinations (p=1.0).\n Conclusion: Diverse networks learned to segment the knee similarly where high\nsegmentation accuracy did not correlate to cartilage thickness accuracy. Voting\nensembles did not outperform individual networks but may help regularize\nindividual models.\n
Measured variation in performance of handheld antennas for a large number of test persons (2002)

This work investigates the variation in the mean effective gain (MEG) for a large number of test persons in order to find how much the difference in anatomy and persons who wear glasses, etc., changes the MEG (i.e., the received signal power with respect to a reference). The evaluation was carried out in a typical GSM-1800 urban micro cell with the base station located outdoor approximately 700 m from the mobile. The mobile was located in office like environments. Peak variations in the MEG among different persons of more than 10 dB were found and the difference between "no person present" and a person present is on the average 3 dB for a directive patch antenna, 6 dB for a whip antenna and 10 dB for a helical antenna.
ChemInform Abstract: 5‐Chloro‐3‐(phenylsulfonyl)indole‐2‐carboxamide: A Novel, Non‐ Nucleoside Inhibitor of HIV‐1 Reverse Transcriptase. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Prior Probability Model Development to Support System Safety Verification in the Presence of Anomalies (2006)

Assessments of of faults that must be mitigated are essential to integrity and safety verification for safety-critical systems. In the case of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) augmentations, many integrity threats come from faults within GNSS or anomalies in the atmosphere that are outside the control of the augmentation system designers. For a variety of reasons, including the rarity of the fault modes of concern, insufficient data exists to derive the fault probabilities directly from data without impractically-large confidence intervals. This paper addresses these concerns by illustrating a general approach derived from several recent examples in which data and judgment can be combined to produce usable and certifiable prior probabilities. Examples are shown for both Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite faults and ionosphere (atmospheric) anomalies.
Optimization of High Entropy Alloy Catalyst for Ammonia Decomposition\n and Ammonia Synthesis (1753)

The successful synthesis of high entropy alloy (HEA) nanoparticles, a\nlong-sought goal in materials science, opens a new frontier in materials\nscience with applications across catalysis, electronics, structural alloys, and\nenergetic materials. Recently, a Co25Mo45Fe10Ni10Cu10 HEA made of\nearth-abundant elements was shown to have a high catalytic activity for ammonia\ndecomposition, which rivals that of state-of-the-art, but prohibitively\nexpensive, ruthenium catalyst. Using a computational approach based on\nfirst-principles calculations in conjunction with data analytics and machine\nlearning, we build a model to rapidly compute the adsorption energy of H, N,\nand NHx (x=1,3) species on CoMoFeNiCu alloy surfaces with varied alloy\ncompositions and atomic arrangement. We show that the 25/45 Co/Mo ratio\nidentified experimentally as the most active composition for ammonia\ndecomposition increases the likelihood that the surface adsorbs nitrogen\nequivalently to that of ruthenium while at the same time interacting moderately\nstrongly with intermediates. Our study underscores the importance of\ncomputational modeling and machine learning to identify and optimize HEA alloys\nacross their near-infinite materials design space.\n
Rhabdoid Tumors Are Sensitive to the Protein-Translation Inhibitor Homoharringtonine (2020)

Rhabdoid tumor cell lines and xenografts are highly sensitive to HHT, at least partially due to their low expression of <i>BCL2L1</i>. HHT may have therapeutic potential against rhabdoid tumors.
The 3rd Canadian Symposium on Hepatitis C Virus: Expanding Care in the Interferon-Free Era (2014)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) currently infects approximately 250,000 individuals in Canada and causes more years of life lost than any other infectious disease in the country. In August 2011, new therapies were approved by Health Canada that have achieved higher response rates among those treated, but are poorly tolerated. By 2014⁄2015, short-course, well-tolerated treatments with cure rates >95% will be available. However, treatment uptake is poor due to structural, financial, geographical, cultural and social barriers. As such, 'Barriers to access to HCV care in Canada' is a crucial topic that must be addressed to decrease HCV disease burden and potentially eliminate HCV in Canada. Understanding how to better care for HCV-infected individuals requires integration across multiple disciplines including researchers, clinical services and policy makers to address the major populations affected by HCV including people who inject drugs, baby boomers, immigrants and Aboriginal and⁄or First Nations people. In 2012, the National CIHR Research Training Program in Hepatitis C organized the 1st Canadian Symposium on Hepatitis C Virus (CSHCV) in Montreal, Quebec. The 2nd CSHCV was held in 2013 in Victoria, British Columbia. Both symposia were highly successful, attracting leading international faculty with excellent attendance leading to dialogue and knowledge translation among attendees of diverse backgrounds. The current article summarizes the 3rd CSHCV, held February 2014, in Toronto, Ontario.
First Bite/Chew: distinguish different types of food by first biting/chewing and the corresponding hand movement (2023)

Imbalanced food intake contributes to various diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, heart disease, and type-2 diabetes. At the same time, food intake monitoring systems play a significant role in the treatment. Most current food intake tracking methods are camera-based, on-body sensor-based, microphone based, and self-reported. The challenges that remain are social acceptance, lightweight, easy to use, and inexpensive. Our method leverages two 6-axe Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) on the glasses’ leg and the wrist to detect the user’s food intake activities using a machine learning capable Micro Controller Unit (MCU). We introduced the concept of the first bite/chew, which is a stable and reliable indicator to distinguish food types. Our implementation results show that our method can distinguish seven kinds of food at an accuracy of 93.26% (average) over all four participants.
Oil yield and compressibility modeling during microscale expression: Criteria for linseed breeding (2008)

Abstract Seven linseed varieties were harvested at seven times before complete maturity. Microscale oilseed expressions were subsequently carried out on it. A pressure of 10 MPa was applied for 1 h under uniaxial stress. The results were characterized in terms of oil, water and mucilage content, harvest date and oil yield. The piston displacement versus time (creep curves) was described by a four‐Kelvin‐Voigt elements viscoelastic model. Parameters were derived from the model, such as the mechanical properties of seeds (compressibility moduli), showing that the viscoelastic model fits well the experimental data ( R ² ≈ 0.999). The modeling parameters were combined with some biochemical data in order to predict the kinetics of oil extraction.
HISTOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND PHARMACOLOGICAL CONTROL OF CHRONIC REJECTION IN XENOGENEIC AND ALLOGENEIC HEART TRANSPLANTATION1 (1998)

We conclude that chronic rejection can be induced in xenografts under conditions of inadequate immunosuppression. Chronic rejection in xenografts involves arterial lesions that bear some histological similarities to, as well as differences from, those observed in chronically rejected allografts. Finally, combination therapy with CsA and Lef reduced the incidence and severity of the intimal lesions in both chronically rejecting xenografts and allografts.
Warped wavelet bases: unitary equivalence and signal processing (1993)

The notions of time, frequency, and scale are generalized using concepts from unitary operator theory and applied to time-frequency analysis, in particular the wavelet and short-time Fourier-transform orthonormal bases and Cohen's class of bilinear time-frequency distributions. The result is an indefinite number of new signal analysis and processing tools that are implemented simply by prewarping the signal by a unitary transformation, applying standard processing techniques to the warped signal, and then (in some cases) unwarping the resulting output. These unitarily equivalent, warped signal representations are useful for representing signals that are well modeled by neither the constant-bandwidth analysis of time-frequency techniques nor by the proportional-bandwidth analysis of time-scale techniques.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Working Smarter On Well Intervention Operations (2008)

Abstract This paper describes a new intelligent well intervention performance system. One that contains a variety of sensors and electronics to gather critical downhole measurements, analyze them, and transmit them to surface for viewing in real time. It confirms that many well intervention operations, especially those that get into difficulty, suffer from a lack of accurate information about true downhole conditions, and that actual downhole conditions in deep, high-angle wells differ significantly from what is indicated by traditional physical measurements taken at surface alone. The parameters measured downhole include RPM, torque, tension and compression, stick-slip, bending stress, dogleg severity, and many others. Extensive field integration testing and early commercial deployment show how downhole tool performance information provides parametric information physically characterizing the true downhole environment. This real time information, never before seen at surface, demonstrates the potential to enable more efficient and more reliable well intervention operations while significantly reducing uncertainty and risk exposure. Several case histories are presented where the smart tool was integrated into well intervention BHA's and operations were improved by a better understanding of what is really happening downhole.