gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vaccination withBrucella abortus RoughMutantRB51Protects BALB/cMiceagainst Virulent Strains ofBrucella abortus, Brucella melitensis, andBrucella ovis (1994)

Vaccination ofBALB/cmicewithlive BruceUla abortus RB51,a stable roughmutant,produced protection against challenge withvirulent strains ofBruceUla abortus, BruceUa melitensis, andBrucella ovis. Passive-transfer experiments indicated thatvaccinated micewere protected against B.abortus 2308through cell-mediated immunity, against B.ovis PAthrough humoral immunity, andagainst B.melitensis 16Mthrough bothformsof immunity. Livebacteria wererequired fortheinduction ofprotective cell-mediated immunity; vaccination with wholekilled cells ofstrain RB51failed toprotect miceagainst B.abortus 2308despite development ofgood delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions. Protective antibodies against theheterologous species weregenerated invaccinated miceprimarily through anamnestic responsesfollowing challenge infections. Growthof the antigenically unrelated bacterium Listeria monocytogenes inthespleens ofvaccinated miceindicated that nonspecific killing byresidual activated macrophages contributed minimally toprotection. Theseresults encouragethecontinued investigation ofstrain RB51as an alternative vaccine against heterologous Brucella species. However, itsusefulness against B.oviswouldbelimited if, as suggested here, epitopes critical for protective cell-mediated immunity arenotshared between B.abortus andB.ovis.
Supplementary Methods from Resolving the Spatial and Cellular Architecture of Lung Adenocarcinoma by Multiregion Single-Cell Sequencing (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Methods&lt;/p&gt;
Bumpless Automatic Transfer for a Switched-Doubly-Fed-Machine Propulsion Drive (2015)

Variable-speed drives (VSDs) combined with doubly-fed machines (DFMs) offer interesting flexibility for power electronic drive design. These also provide opportunities for controlling interactions with an ac grid. Design options are most versatile for the VSD DFM when the machine stator can be operated from an ac or a dc source, selected as appropriate. This paper presents a silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR)-based transfer switch that can connect the stator of the DFM either to an ac source or a dc source “on-the-fly.” Current commutations of the SCRs and a “bumpless” transition in shaft behavior are both controlled from the rotor. Experimental results demonstrate wide-speed-range and four-quadrant operation of the drive achieved with a rotor converter rating that is one third of the DFM power rating.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Method for the Preparation of Carboxylic Esters via Mixed Anhydrides by the Promotion of a Catalytic Amount of Lewis Acid. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Oboe (2018)

Most content providers are interested in providing good video delivery QoE for all users, not just on average. State-of-the-art ABR algorithms like BOLA and MPC rely on parameters that are sensitive to network conditions, so may perform poorly for some users and/or videos. In this paper, we propose a technique called Oboe to auto-tune these parameters to different network conditions. Oboe pre-computes, for a given ABR algorithm, the best possible parameters for different network conditions, then dynamically adapts the parameters at run-time for the current network conditions. Using testbed experiments, we show that Oboe significantly improves BOLA, MPC, and a commercially deployed ABR. Oboe also betters a recently proposed reinforcement learning based ABR, Pensieve, by 24% on average on a composite QoE metric, in part because it is able to better specialize ABR behavior across different network states.
Introduction to OFDMA and SC‐FDMA and to MIMO in LTE (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction LTE Multiple Access Background OFDMA Basics SC-FDMA Basics MIMO Basics Summary References
Spectral optical vortex modulation from geometric phase diamond metasurface arrays (2021)

Agile management of the optical orbital angular momentum encompasses temporal, spatial, and spectral aspects that, once combined, offer new perspectives in our way to manipulate light. To date the spectral control is mainly limited to tunable operating wavelength and polychromatic capabilities. Recently, a multispectral approach has been proposed [Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 213901 (2018)] to achieve independent orbital angular momentum state control on multiple spectral channels. Here we report on the design, fabrication and implementation of a solid-state multispectral approach that consists of arrays of optical diamond micro-metasurfaces. Obtained device exhibits superior performances with respect to the original attempt, both regarding the spectral vortex purity, the ability to deal with high photon flux, and the orbital angular momentum diversity across the spectrum. These results motivate further development of metasurface-based integrated spin–orbit photonics technologies.
A phase I study of lenalidomide in patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) – AGMT_CMML-1 (2017)

According to former classification systems chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is listed within myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Therefore data regarding treatment of CMML is largely derived from MDS trials. Two published studies suggest efficacy of lenalidomide in a proportion of patients with CMML, but the number of patients included was very low. We initiated this phase I trial with lenalidomide in patients with CMML. Primary objective of the current study was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Secondary objectives were safety, tolerability and response. Twenty patients were enrolled and received lenalidomide using a classical 3 + 3 design. Lenalidomide 5 mg daily was confirmed as MTD. Best response achieved was partial remission in one patient and stable disease in nine patients. Lack of response with primary progressive disease was seen in three patients. Lenalidomide had a good toxicity profile in this study with thrombocytopenia being the main toxicity observed. Efficacy needs to be confirmed in further trials.
Temporally consistent stereo matching using coherence function (2010)

This paper proposes a novel method for estimating temporally consistent disparity maps. The proposed approach utilizes a coherence function that represents the temporal consistency between the disparity maps of consecutive frames. The coherence function is computed according to a motion probability between consecutive frames based on the assumption that a disparity varies smoothly over time. The temporal consistency between consecutive disparity maps is enforced based on the coherence function. In order to cope with scene changes, the similarity of consecutive frames is also considered in the coherence function. Experimental results show that the proposed method yields satisfactory disparity maps and synthesized views on several challenging stereo videos, including clips with fast object and camera motions as well as scene change.
Pteridin-Dependent Hydroxylases as Autoantigens in Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Type I1 (2000)

Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I (APS I) is characterized by autoantibodies, often directed towards tissue-specific enzymes in the affected organs. We have earlier reported the identification of tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) as autoantigens in APS I associated with intestinal dysfunction and alopecia, respectively. These two enzymes, together with phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH), constitute the group of biopterin-dependent hydroxylases, which all are involved in the biosynthesis of neurotransmitters. A clone encoding PAH was used for in vitro transcription/translation, followed by immunoprecipitation with sera from 94 APS I patients and 70 healthy controls. Of the APS I patients, 25% had PAH antibodies, and no reactivity was detected in the controls. No association with the main clinical components of APS I was found with PAH antibodies. Altogether, 59 sera from the 94 APS I patients reacted with at least one of TPH, TH, or PAH, whereas 35 showed no reactivity. Nineteen of the sera contained antibodies towards all enzymes, 12 to TPH only and 12 to TH only. No sera showed antibodies that reacted to only PAH. An immunocompetition assay demonstrated that the reactivity against PAH represents a cross-reactivity with TPH, whereas antibodies against TPH and TH are directed towards epitopes unique for the two enzymes.
LiNbO<inf>3</inf> modulator for modern optical communications (2012)

This paper describes recent progress of high-speed lithium niobate (LN) modulator technologies for digital and analogue applications. LN provides precise and high-speed optical modulation. Various types of signals can be generated by using integrated devices.
In situ detection of gas chromatography analytes by active illumination with quantum cascade lasers (2020)

Gas chromatography (GC) is a staple analytical technique used to separate chemical mixtures (analytes) prior to identification with a hyphenated technique, such as mass spectrometry or Fourier transform infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Traditionally, analytes elute through the GC separation column where they are detected when they exit. We have developed a technique to perform in situ IR spectroscopy during the process of separating the analytes along the GC column. This is achieved by spin coating the stationary phase onto a germanium prism and actively probing the stationary phase in an attenuated total reflectance configuration with a quantum cascade laser.. The GC column is formed by pressing a molded epoxy lid, with grooves that form the tubular column, onto the stationary phase coated prism.
An Approximate Direct Inverse as a Preconditioner for Ill-conditioned Problems (2020)

This paper implemented an approximate direct inverse for the surface integral equation including multilevel fast-multipole method. We apply it as a preconditioner to two examples suffering convergence problem with an iterative solver.
The use of therapeutic drug monitoring for early identification of vedolizumab response in Saudi Arabian patients with inflammatory bowel disease (2023)

Vedolizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody used to treat moderate-to-severe inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of the induction of vedolizumab trough level in predicting short-term (week 14) clinical outcomes, and covariates that affect the response in Saudi Arabian patients. This prospective, real-life study included a total of 16 patients (4 Crohn's disease (CD) and 12 ulcerative colitis (UC)) with a confirmed diagnosis of IBD and generally naïve to receiving vedolizumab therapy. Using ELISA assay, vedolizumab induction trough and peak levels were measured at weeks 0, 2, and 6. The follow-up assessment was at week 14, where clinical outcomes were measured using the partial Mayo score for UC, and the CD activity score (CDAI), and Harvey Bradshaw index (HBI) for CD. At week 14, 9 patients (52.9%) out of 16 patients demonstrated response to therapy; clinical remission was reported in 5 patients (29.4%), and in 4 cases a clinical response was noted (23.5%). Clinical remission at week 14 was linked significantly with week 6 median vedolizumab levels in responders (25.1 µg/ml 95% CI: 16.5-42.9) compared to non-responders (7.7 µg/ml, 95% CI: 4.6-10.6) (P = 0.002). Receiver operator curve analysis at week 6 identified a cut-off > 8.00 µg/mL for short-term clinical remission. Also, at week 14, BMI significantly correlated with week 6 vedolizumab trough levels (P = 0.02). No other covariates correlated with drug levels at any time point examined. Week 6 early vedolizumab trough level measurements in IBD patients predicted short-term week 14 clinical remission.
Ketoconazole is Effective against the Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidosis of Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathy‐Candidosis‐Ectodermal Dystrophy (APECED) (1986)

Ketoconazole was administered as a single daily oral dose of 200 mg to 12 patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidosis (CMC) of autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidosis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED). The study was double-blind and placebo-controlled, with 4-month therapy periods and crossover, and transfer to open-label ketoconazole therapy in cases of failure. During the double-blind trial, all six initially ketoconazole-treated patients showed a clear clinical and mycological improvement. In contrast there was no change or worsening in the initially placebo-treated group (p = 0.001). Oral candidosis cleared up in all patients, but more rapidly (less than 2 weeks) in those aged less than 25 years than in older patients (4-10 weeks; p = 0.001). Similarly, nail candidosis improved more rapidly in the younger group. All patients had a recurrence of the candidosis during 36-48 months of post-therapy follow-up. The recurrences likewise responded to ketoconazole. In one patient serum transaminase activities were transiently and marginally elevated during 2-6 weeks of therapy.
Experimenteller Teil (1980)

Das Sequestriervermögen der löslichen Builders wurde durch potentiometrische Bestimmung mit Hilfe einer Calcium-spezi-fischen Elektrode bestimmt. Das Calciumbindevermögen von Zeolith A konnte nach Abfiltration der heterogenen Komponenten komplexometrisch gemessen werden.
Quantitative analysis of chemokine expression by dendritic cell subsets in vitro and in vivo (2001)

Upon maturation, dendritic cells (DCs) have to adjust their chemokine expression to sequentially attract different leukocyte subsets. We used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis to study in detail the expression of 12 chemokines involved in the recruitment of leukocytes into and inside secondary lymphoid organs, by DCs in distinct differentiation stages, both in vitro and in vivo. Monocyte-derived immature DCs expressed high levels of DC chemokine 1 (DC-CK1), EBI1-ligand chemokine (ELC), macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), macrophage-inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha, and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC). Upon maturation, DCs up-regulated the expression of DC-CK1 (60-fold), ELC (7-fold), and TARC (10-fold). Activation of DCs by CD40 ligand further up-regulated the expression of ELC (25-fold). We found that freshly isolated blood DCs expressed only low levels of interleukin-8, lymphotactin, and MIP-1alpha. It is interesting that the chemokine profile expressed by activated CD11c(-) lymphoid-like as well as CD11c(+) myeloid blood DCs mimics that of monocyte-derived DCS: Additionally, purified Langerhans cells that had migrated out of the epidermis expressed a similar chemokine pattern. These data indicate that different DC subsets in vitro and in vivo can express the same chemokines to attract leukocytes.
Bayesian adaptive sequence alignment algorithms. (1998)

The selection of a scoring matrix and gap penalty parameters continues to be an important problem in sequence alignment. We describe here an algorithm, the 'Bayes block aligner, which bypasses this requirement. Instead of requiring a fixed set of parameter settings, this algorithm returns the Bayesian posterior probability for the number of gaps and for the scoring matrices in any series of interest. Furthermore, instead of returning the single best alignment for the chosen parameter settings, this algorithm returns the posterior distribution of all alignments considering the full range of gapping and scoring matrices selected, weighing each in proportion to its probability based on the data. We compared the Bayes aligner with the popular Smith-Waterman algorithm with parameter settings from the literature which had been optimized for the identification of structural neighbors, and found that the Bayes aligner correctly identified more structural neighbors. In a detailed examination of the alignment of a pair of kinase and a pair of GTPase sequences, we illustrate the algorithm's potential to identify subsequences that are conserved to different degrees. In addition, this example shows that the Bayes aligner returns an alignment-free assessment of the distance between a pair of sequences.
Coordinating Controllers for Constrained Linear Systems by Virtual State Governors (2014)

We develop a method for integrating and coordinating two groups of actuators, each with a non-modifiable unconstrained state-feedback controller. The coordination strategy enforces constraints and minimizes the usage of one of the actuator groups, which is “expensive”, due to operating costs or undesired side effects. By using the maximum constraint admissible set for each controller in closed-loop with the plant, the coordination scheme modulates the action of the assigned controllers and minimizes the usage of the expensive actuators. The proposed control strategy enforces constraints, stabilizes the system, and uses the expensive actuators for finite time and only to avoid constraint violation.
Symposium overview: alterations in cytokine receptors by xenobiotics (1999)

A symposium entitled Alterations in Cytokine Receptors by Xenobiotics was held at the 37th Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology (SOT) in Seattle, Washington. The symposium was sponsored by the Immunotoxicology Specialty Section of SOT and was designed to present information on the effect of several different classes of xenobiotics on various aspects of receptor function (i.e., post-receptor signal transduction of receptor expression), or the involvement of cytokine receptors in the action of the toxicant under consideration. This symposium brought together scientists in the area of receptor immunobiology whose expertise in receptor modulation encompassed those major signaling agents involved in the normal immune response, i.e., proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, interleukins, and interferons. The following is a summary of each of the individual presentations.
The p53 family target gene signature is of prognostic relevance in hepatocellular carcinoma (2010)

We have established that p53 and TAp63/TAp73 play a relevant role in hepatocarcinogenesis and in the therapeutic response of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Like p53, TAp63 and TAp73 activate genes that play roles in different steps of the apoptosis program. Accordingly, the therapeutic response/prognosis is not determined by p53 alone, but by the interactions between the different p53 family members.
Effects of Boundary-Based Assist-as-Needed Force Field on Lower Limb Muscle Synergies During Standing Posture Training (2023)

The boundary-based assist-as-needed (BAAN) force field is widely used in robotic rehabilitation and has shown promising results in improving trunk control and postural stability. However, the fundamental understanding of how the BAAN force field affects the neuromuscular control remains unclear. In this study, we investigate how the BAAN force field impacts muscle synergy in the lower limbs during standing posture training. We integrated virtual reality (VR) into a cable-driven Robotic Upright Stand Trainer (RobUST) to define a complex standing task that requires both reactive and voluntary dynamic postural control. Ten healthy subjects were randomly assigned to two groups. Each subject performed 100 trials of the standing task with or without assistance from the BAAN force field provided by RobUST. The BAAN force field significantly improved balance control and motor task performance. Our results also indicate that the BAAN force field reduced the total number of lower limb muscle synergies while concurrently increasing the synergy density (i.e., number of muscles recruited in each synergy) during both reactive and voluntary dynamic posture training. This pilot study provides fundamental insights into understanding the neuromuscular basis of the BAAN robotic rehabilitation strategy and its potential for clinical applications. In addition, we expanded the repertoire of training with RobUST that integrates both perturbation training and goal-oriented functional motor training within a single task. This approach can be extended to other rehabilitation robots and training approaches with them.
Chemotherapy‐induced apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma involves the p53 family and is mediated via the extrinsic and the intrinsic pathway (2009)

We investigated the downstream mechanisms by which chemotherapeutic drugs elicit apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Genomic signatures of HCC cell lines treated with different chemotherapeutic drugs were obtained. Analyses of apoptosis pathways were performed and RNA interference was used to evaluate the role of the p53 family. Endogenous p53, p63 and p73 were upregulated in response to DNA damage by chemotherapeutic drugs. Blocking p53 family function led to chemoresistance in HCC. Stimulation and blocking experiments of the CD95-, the TNF- and the TRAIL-receptor systems revealed that cytotoxic drugs, via the p53 family members as transactivators, can trigger expression of each of these death receptors and consequently sensitize HCC cells toward apoptosis. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate a link between chemotherapy, the p53 family and the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in HCC. Chemotherapeutic treatment induces expression of proapoptotic Bcl-2 family members like Bax and BCL2L11 and the expression of Apaf1, BNIP1, Pdcd8 and RAD. Thus, upon DNA damage, p53, p63 and p73 promote apoptosis via the extrinsic and the intrinsic signaling pathway. In addition, not only proapoptotic genes were upregulated, but also genes known to exert antiapoptotic functions. Bleomycin-induced upregulation of BCL-XL/BCLXL1 and MDM2 suggests that it is the ratio of proapoptotic and antiapoptotic proteins that regulates the apoptosis response of HCC cells toward chemotherapy, thereby playing a decisive role between treatment sensitivity vs. drug resistance. The clinical importance of these data is evidenced by our finding that the bleomycin target gene signature can predict the prognosis of patients suffering from HCC.
Real-Time View Correction for Mobile Devices (2017)

We present a real-time method for rendering novel virtual camera views from given RGB-D (color and depth) data of a different viewpoint. Missing color and depth information due to incomplete input or disocclusions is efficiently inpainted in a temporally consistent way. The inpainting takes the location of strong image gradients into account as likely depth discontinuities. We present our method in the context of a view correction system for mobile devices, and discuss how to obtain a screen-camera calibration and options for acquiring depth input. Our method has use cases in both augmented and virtual reality applications. We demonstrate the speed of our system and the visual quality of its results in multiple experiments in the paper as well as in the supplementary video.
LED physics and implications for novel displays: the role of long-range carrier diffusion (2021)

We will discuss recent insights in the efficiency of III-Nitride emitters, and consequences for their use in novel applications, including micro-displays.