gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
EEG alpha and pupil diameter reflect endogenous auditory attention switching and listening effort (2022)

Everyday environments often contain distracting competing talkers and background noise, requiring listeners to focus their attention on one acoustic source and reject others. During this auditory attention task, listeners may naturally interrupt their sustained attention and switch attended sources. The effort required to perform this attention switch has not been well studied in the context of competing continuous speech. In this work, we developed two variants of endogenous attention switching and a sustained attention control. We characterized these three experimental conditions under the context of decoding auditory attention, while simultaneously evaluating listening effort and neural markers of spatial-audio cues. A least-squares, electroencephalography (EEG)-based, attention decoding algorithm was implemented across all conditions. It achieved an accuracy of 69.4% and 64.0% when computed over nonoverlapping 10 and 5-s correlation windows, respectively. Both decoders illustrated smooth transitions in the attended talker prediction through switches at approximately half of the analysis window size (e.g., the mean lag taken across the two switch conditions was 2.2 s when the 5-s correlation window was used). Expended listening effort, as measured by simultaneous EEG and pupillometry, was also a strong indicator of whether the listeners sustained attention or performed an endogenous attention switch (peak pupil diameter measure [ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>0</mml:mn><mml:mo>.</mml:mo><mml:mn>034</mml:mn></mml:math> ] and minimum parietal alpha power measure [ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>0</mml:mn><mml:mo>.</mml:mo><mml:mn>016</mml:mn></mml:math> ]). We additionally found evidence of talker spatial cues in the form of centrotemporal alpha power lateralization ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>0</mml:mn><mml:mo>.</mml:mo><mml:mn>0428</mml:mn></mml:math> ). These results suggest that listener effort and spatial cues may be promising features to pursue in a decoding context, in addition to speech-based features.
Characterisation of a FPGA-based multi-view stereo system with linear measuring arrangement (2021)

In recent years, stereoscopic image processing algorithms have gained importance for a variety of applications. To capture larger measurement volumes, multiple stereo systems are combined into a multi-view stereo system (MVS). To reduce the amount of data and the data rate, calculation steps close to the sensors are outsourced to field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) as upstream computing units. In this paper a FPGA-based MVS system with linear camera arrangement and part overlapping field of view is presented. The system consists of four FPGA-based passive stereoscopic systems and a downstream processing unit (Zynq Ultrascale ZU9EG SoC). This synchronizes the pre-processing modules and receives the disparity maps via HDMI. A subsequent computing unit calculates a coherent 3d point cloud. Basic investigation of the system is shown to use this system for road damage detection in the future.
Web-service enabledwireless sensors in SOA environments (2008)

Enterprise applications support business activities in companies, so that they can manage complexity and be more effective. The service oriented architecture (SOA) concepts empower modern enterprises and provide them with flexibility and agility. These concepts nowadays expand towards the shop-floor activities, down to the device level. By implementing web services on the devices natively, we are able to push down at item level SOA concepts. In this work we focus on implementing web services on the SunSPOT wireless sensor nodes and coupling it with enterprise level services. The presented methods could be used as experimental platform to evaluate new SOA-based paradigm for factory automation and enterprise computing. The goal is to seamlessly integrate heterogeneous hardware on the shop floor and the business intelligence via the SOA approach.
Preliminary Results: The Development of a Continuous Flow Injection Microreactor For Organic Synthesis and Combinatorial Applications using Wittig Chemistry (1999)

This poster outlines the preliminary data obtained using microreactor technology, which has the potential to offer enhanced reaction optimisation and combinatorial based synthesis and screening. Initial developments have centred on the synthetic application of microreactors to Suzuki [1] and the well-established Wittig synthesis [2]. This particular poster focuses on the Wittig syntheses, Figure 1 in microreactors and will compare the performance characteristics to traditional batch methodology. The poster outlines the reaction yield data using a continuous flow injection microreactor prepared in borosilicate glass (channel geometries 300 microns wide and 100 microns deep) using photolithographic patterning and modified wet etch techniques [3]. The fabrication method, reaction optimisation and microreactor adaptation, including injection optimisation and reaction stoichiometry alteration (1:1 eq.) are described. The resulting optimised method was used with a variety of aldehydes to demonstrate its general applicability. The work extends into the development of a microreactor that will facilitate combinatorial synthesis and detection using the optimised reaction methodology described earlier, enabling the development of a semi automated combinatorial system with the potential for ultra high throughput operation.
Predictive value of targeted proteomics for coronary plaque morphology in patients with suspected coronary artery disease (2018)

Using machine learning models, trained on targeted proteomics, we defined two complementary protein signatures: one for identification of patients with high-risk plaques and one for identification of patients with absence of CAD. Both biomarker subsets were superior to generally available clinical characteristics and conventional biomarkers in predicting presence of high-risk plaque or absence of coronary atherosclerosis. These promising findings warrant external validation of the value of targeted proteomics to identify cardiovascular risk in outcome studies. FUND: This study was supported by an unrestricted research grant from HeartFlow Inc. and partly supported by a European Research Area Network on Cardiovascular Diseases (ERA-CVD) grant (ERA CVD JTC2017, OPERATION). Funders had no influence on trial design, data evaluation, and interpretation.
Dataset for: Semiconductor disk laser in bi-frequency mode operation by laser micromachining of a laser mirror (2019)

<span style='white-space:pre-line'>Dataset supports: Woods, J. et al. (2019). Semiconductor disk laser in bi-frequency operation by laser ablation micromachining of a laser mirror. Optics Express, 27(16), 22316-22316. </span>
WSi<inf>2</inf>gate MOS devices (1979)

Tungsten silicide gate MOS capacitors have been fabricated on n-type
Accuracy Depending on Scanning Angle in Dynamic Spot Size Measurement Method for an Optical Disk Drive (1998)

The spot size has been measured by chopping the beam spot with a knife edge on an optical disk. Tangential and radial spot sizes are measured with different two angled knife edges: θ 1 -edge and θ 2 -edge. In this paper, the errors in the measurement of spot sizes caused by the error in the scanning angle and the scanning velocity are described. The result of the theoretical analysis gives the best combinations of the scanning angles which are θ 1 =0°, θ 2 =±45° with the radial direction. For example, if the angle error of θ 1 and θ 2 obtained experimentally 0.64°, then the calculated error of the radial spot size is 2.2%. The analyzed error shows a good agreement with the experimental results. It was analytically observed that the influence of the scanning velocity error on the error of the measured spot sizes can be practically ignored using this method.
Secreted Histidyl-tRNA Synthetase Splice Variants Elaborate Major Epitopes for Autoantibodies in Inflammatory Myositis (2014)

Inflammatory and debilitating myositis and interstitial lung disease are commonly associated with autoantibodies (anti-Jo-1 antibodies) to cytoplasmic histidyl-tRNA synthetase (HisRS). Anti-Jo-1 antibodies from different disease-afflicted patients react mostly with spatially separated epitopes in the three-dimensional structure of human HisRS. We noted that two HisRS splice variants (SVs) include these spatially separated regions, but each SV lacks the HisRS catalytic domain. Despite the large deletions, the two SVs cross-react with a substantial population of anti-Jo-l antibodies from myositis patients. Moreover, expression of at least one of the SVs is up-regulated in dermatomyositis patients, and cell-based experiments show that both SVs and HisRS can be secreted. We suggest that, in patients with inflammatory myositis, anti-Jo-1 antibodies may have extracellular activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Dependence of an Electron‐Transfer Process: Nature of the Products of One‐Electron Oxidation of the Lacunar Cyclidene Complexes of Nickel(II) and Cobalt(II). (1986)

Abstract The lacunar Ni(II) and Co(II) complexes (Ia) and the unbridged (Ib) are electrochemically oxidized to generate the corresponding metal (III) complexes by a one‐electron process, the nature of which is studied by ESR, UV and visible spectroscopy and by magnetic measurements.
Recognition of an MHC Class I-Restricted Antigenic Peptide Can Be Modulated by para -Substitution of Its Buried Tyrosine Residues in a TCR-Specific Manner (1999)

Conformational dependence of TCR contact residues of the H-2Kb molecule on the two buried tyrosine side chains of the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-8 peptide was investigated by systematic substitutions of the tyrosines with phenylalanine, p-fluorophenylalanine (pFF), or p-bromophenylalanine (pBrF). The results of peptide competition CTL assays revealed that all of the peptide variants, except for the pBrF analogues, had near-native binding to the H-2Kb molecule. Epitope-mapped anti-H-2Kb mAbs detected conformational differences among H-2Kb molecules stabilized with these VSV-8 variants on RMA-S cells. Selective recognition of the VSV-8 analogues was displayed by a panel of three H-2Kb-restricted, anti-VSV-8 TCRs. Thus, these substitutions result in an antigenically significant conformational change of the MHC molecular surface structure at both C and D pockets, and the effect of this change on cognate T cell recognition is dependent on the TCR structure. Our results confirm that the structure of buried peptide side chains can determine the surface conformation of the MHC molecule and demonstrate that even a very subtle structural nuance of the buried side chain can be incorporated into the surface conformation of the MHC molecule. The ability of buried residues to modulate this molecular surface augments the number of residues on the MHC-peptide complex that can be recognized as "foreign" by the CD8+ T cell repertoire and allows for a higher level of antigenic discrimination. This may be an important mechanism to expand the total number of TCR specificities that can respond to a single peptide determinant.
On the realization of artificial XY spin chains (2005)

Spin chains are the most elementary entities in the study of magnetic ordering behavior. The authors describe a route toward the realization of artificial XY spin chains. Using thin-film deposition and e-beam lithog., 300 and 550 nm diam. pillars consisting of alternating disks of permalloy and Al2O3 were made. Shape anisotropy forces the magnetization in plane, creating a chain of two-dimensional magnetic moments -&gt;i. The disks couple to each other by their dipolar stray fields, resulting in an interaction Jij-&gt;i.-&gt;j, with Jij the coupling between disks i and j. This form closely resembles a chain of xy spins, coupled by effective interactions Jij. The authors present a magnetic characterization of the pillars, and compare the results with model calcns. Also, spin dynamics and ordering phenomena are addressed. [on SciFinder (R)]
Recognizing Human Action at a Distance in Video by Key Poses (2011)

In this paper, we propose a graph theoretic technique for recognizing human actions at a distance in a video by modeling the visual senses associated with poses. The proposed methodology follows a bag-of-word approach that starts with a large vocabulary of poses (visual words) and derives a refined and compact codebook of key poses using centrality measure of graph connectivity. We introduce a “meaningful” threshold on centrality measure that selects key poses for each action type. Our contribution includes a novel pose descriptor based on histogram of oriented optical flow evaluated in a hierarchical fashion on a video frame. This pose descriptor combines both pose information and motion pattern of the human performer into a multidimensional feature vector. We evaluate our methodology on four standard activity-recognition datasets demonstrating the superiority of our method over the state-of-the-art.
Negative differential resistivity in ferroelectric thin-film current-voltage relationships (1994)

Abstract The current-voltage relationship I(V) for several different ferroelectric thin films often exhibits an apparent negative differential resistivity. In the present paper we show that in lead zirconate-titanate (PZT) this is a spurious artifact arising from rapid (parametric) measurement techniques and that it disappears for d.c. measurements made with measuring times ≥300 s. However, in other ferroelectric materials (selected samples with unusually high trap densities) it appears to be a genuine effect characterized by an I = aV3 current-voltage relationship at high current densities (≥100 nA/cm2), I(V) hysteresis above a “pseudo-breakdown voltage,” and distinct V 2-to-V 3 cross-over threshold.
Improved interval transit time measurement based on semblance (1983)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1983Improved interval transit time measurement based on semblanceAuthors: C. V. KimballT. L. MarzettaC. V. KimballSchlumberger‐Doll Research and T. L. MarzettaSchlumberger‐Doll Researchhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1893893 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InReddit Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1893893FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1983 ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645 Copyright: 1983 Pages: 646 publication data© 1983 Copyright © 1983 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 24 Mar 2005 CITATION INFORMATION C. V. Kimball and T. L. Marzetta, (1983), "Improved interval transit time measurement based on semblance," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 331-334. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1893893 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Disappearance of Hepatitis C Virus RNA in Plasma during Interferon Alpha-2B Treatment in Hemophilia Patients (1992)

To establish the effect of interferon alpha-2B (IFN-alpha) treatment on hepatitis C virus (HCV) viremia, rather than monitor the alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) values we measured HCV-RNA by cDNA-polymerase chain reaction (cDNA-PCR) in plasma before and during IFN-alpha treatment. Eight hemophilia patients with chronic hepatitis C were treated with IFN-alpha for 24 weeks: 5 MU daily for 2 weeks, 2.5 MU daily for 4 weeks, and 1.5 MU three times a week for 18 weeks. HCV-RNA, as measured by cDNA-PCR, was present in all patients before treatment. After 24 weeks of treatment HCV-RNA was no longer detectable in three of eight (37.5%) patients, whereas only one of eight (12.5%) patients showed complete ALAT normalization. In three of eight patients a transient response to IFN-alpha was seen, with renewed HCV-RNA detection after dose reduction. HCV-RNA measurement by cDNA-PCR appeared to be more sensitive in detecting relapse than ALAT measurement.
IPv6 Addressing Strategies for IoT (2013)

In this paper, we analyze the suitability of different IPv6 addressing strategies for nodes, gateways, and various access network deployment scenarios in the Internet of Things. A vast number of things connected to the Internet need IPv6 addresses, as the IPv4 address space was effectively consumed before the introduction of the Internet of Things. We highlight how the heterogeneity of nodes and network technologies, extreme constraint and miniaturization, renumbering, and multihoming, present serious challenges toward IPv6 address allocation. By considering the topologies of various types of IoT networks, their intended uses as well as the types of IPv6 addresses that need to be deployed, we draw attention to allocation solutions as well as potential pitfalls.
ON NEUTRON TOTAL REFLECTION FROM COBALT MIRRORS (1963)

A monochromatic neutron beam was used for measuring parameters of several ( approximates 10 mu ) cobalt mirrors. The beam reflection coefficient was measured as a function of the angle of beam incident and of magnetizing field. (R.V.J.)
An alkylation route to carbo- and heteroaromatic amino acids (2006)

Amino acids carrying aromatic carbo-and heterocycles in the side chain, such as naphthyl-, biphenyl-and pyridylalanines, have been prepared by alkylation of a glycine enolate with a haloalkyl carbocycle or heterocycle, with enantiomeric excess up to 87% using the ephedrine amide protocol.
Composition for absorbing hydrogen (2023)

A hydrogen absorbing composition. The composition comprises a porous glass matrix, made by a sol-gel process, having a hydrogen-absorbing material dispersed throughout the matrix. A sol, made from tetraethyl orthosilicate, is mixed with a hydrogen-absorbing material and solidified to form a porous glass matrix with the hydrogen-absorbing material dispersed uniformly throughout the matrix. The glass matrix has pores large enough to allow gases having hydrogen to pass through the matrix, yet small enough to hold the particles dispersed within the matrix so that the hydrogen-absorbing particles are not released during repeated hydrogen absorption/desorption cycles.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOLYSIS OF α‐DIAZO CARBONYL COMPOUNDS IN THE PRESENCE OF IMIDAZOLE. A NEW METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF NOROLEFINS AND ITS APPLICATION TO BILE ACI SIDE CHAIN DEGRADATION (1984)

Abstract Aus Carbonsäuren (I) erhält man nach Umwandlung in Diazoketone (II) durch Reaktion mit Oxalylchlorid und Diazomethan bei der nachfolgenden Photolyse zunächst Ketene (III), die in Gegenwart von Imidazol über Imidazolide (IV) sowie deren Umlagerungsprodukte (V) und (VI) zu Olefinen (VII) und Imidazolen (VIII) und (IX) führt.
Visual detection of regional brain hypometabolism in cognitively impaired patients is independent of positron emission tomography-magnetic resonance attenuation correction method (2018)

Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography-magnetic resonance (PET/MR) is useful for the evaluation of cognitively-impaired patients. This study aims to assess two different attenuation correction (AC) methods (Dixon-MR and atlas-based) versus index-standard computed tomography (CT) AC for the visual interpretation of regional hypometabolism in patients with cognitive impairment. Two board-certified nuclear medicine physicians blindly scored brain region FDG hypometabolism as normal versus hypometabolic using two-dimensional (2D) and 3D FDG PET/MR images generated by MIM software. Regions were quantitatively assessed as normal versus mildly, moderately, or severely hypometabolic. Hypometabolism scores obtained using the different methods of AC were compared, and interreader, as well as intra-reader agreement, was assessed. Regional hypometabolism versus normal metabolism was correctly classified in 16 patients on atlas-based and Dixon-based AC map PET reconstructions (vs. CT reference AC) for 94% (90%-96% confidence interval [CI]) and 93% (89%-96% CI) of scored regions, respectively. The averaged sensitivity/specificity for detection of any regional hypometabolism was 95%/94% (<i>P</i> = 0.669) and 90%/91% (<i>P</i> = 0.937) for atlas-based and Dixon-based AC maps. Interreader agreement for detection of regional hypometabolism was high, with similar outcome assessments when using atlas- and Dixon-corrected PET data in 93% (Κ =0.82) and 93% (Κ =0.84) of regions, respectively. Intrareader agreement for detection of regional hypometabolism was high, with concordant outcome assessments when using atlas- and Dixon-corrected data in 93%/92% (Κ =0.79) and 92/93% (Κ =0.78). Despite the quantitative advantages of atlas-based AC in brain PET/MR, routine clinical Dixon AC yields comparable visual ratings of regional hypometabolism in the evaluation of cognitively impaired patients undergoing brain PET/MR and is similar in performance to CT-based AC. Therefore, Dixon AC is acceptable for the routine clinical evaluation of dementia syndromes.
Deep motifs and motion signatures (2018)

Many analysis tasks for human motion rely on high-level similarity between sequences of motions, that are not an exact matches in joint angles, timing, or ordering of actions. Even the same movements performed by the same person can vary in duration and speed. Similar motions are characterized by similar sets of actions that appear frequently. In this paper we introduce motion motifs and motion signatures that are a succinct but descriptive representation of motion sequences. We first break the motion sequences to short-term movements called motion words, and then cluster the words in a high-dimensional feature space to find motifs. Hence, motifs are words that are both common and descriptive, and their distribution represents the motion sequence. To cluster words and find motifs, the challenge is to define an effective feature space, where the distances among motion words are semantically meaningful, and where variations in speed and duration are handled. To this end, we use a deep neural network to embed the motion words into feature space using a triplet loss function. To define a signature, we choose a finite set of motion-motifs, creating a bag-of-motifs representation for the sequence. Motion signatures are agnostic to movement order, speed or duration variations, and can distinguish fine-grained differences between motions of the same class. We illustrate examples of characterizing motion sequences by motifs, and for the use of motion signatures in a number of applications.
KRAS signalling in malignant pleural mesothelioma (2020)

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) arises from mesothelial cells lining the pleural cavity of asbestos-exposed individuals and rapidly leads to the development of pleural effusion and death. MPM harbours loss-of-function mutations in genes like BAP1, NF2, CDKN2A , and TP53 , but isolated deletion of these genes alone in mice does not cause MPM and mouse models of the disease are sparse. Here we show that a significant proportion of human MPM harbour point mutations and copy number alterations in the KRAS proto-oncogene. These mutations are likely pathogenic, since ectopic expression of mutant KRAS G12D in the pleural mesothelium of conditional mice causes MPM. Murine MPM cell lines derived from these tumours carry the initiating KRAS G12D lesions, secondary Bap1 alterations, and human MPM-like gene expression profiles. Moreover, they are transplantable and actionable by KRAS inhibition. Our results indicate that KRAS mutations likely play an important and underestimated role in MPM, which warrants further exploration.