gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Total Synthesis of Teixobactin (2016)

The first total synthesis of the cyclic depsipeptide natural product teixobactin is described. Synthesis was achieved by solid-phase peptide synthesis, incorporating the unusual l-allo-enduracididine as a suitably protected synthetic cassette and employing a key on-resin esterification and solution-phase macrolactamization. The synthetic natural product was shown to possess potent antibacterial activity against a range of Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria, including a virulent strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
The mechanism of mobility degradation in MISFETs with Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ gate dielectric (2003)

We believe that the most important task in the development of high-/spl kappa/ gate dielectrics is to engineer the interface to assure high enough mobility and reliability. Considering the 100-nm node, Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ would appear to be the most promising candidate in terms of chemical and thermal stability, barrier offset, and compatibility with the conventional CMOS process. The integration of Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ gate dielectrics in sub-100 nm-FETs has already been demonstrated; however, the resulting electron mobility was only a quarter the value for a FET with SiO/sub 2/ gate dielectric (D. Buchanan et al., Tech. Digest IEDM, p. 223, 2000; J.H. Lee et al., ibid., p. 645, 2000). We have clarified the mechanism by which mobility is thus degraded, both experimentally and theoretically.
<title>Miniature VO2-based bolometric detectors for high-resolution uncooled FPAs</title> (2000)

Prototypes of VO<SUB>2</SUB>-based bolometric detectors with lateral dimensions of 25 X 25, 30 X 30, 35 X 35, 40 X 40 and finally 50 X 50 micrometers<SUP>2</SUP> and fill factors approaching 90% are presented. These detectors are grouped in hardwired linear arrays as large as 512 X 1 pixels. Under DC biasing, the fabricated detectors, even the smallest ones, exhibit responsivities from 48,000 to 120,000 VW<SUP>-1</SUP>, detectivities in the range of 1.5 X 10<SUP>8</SUP> cm Hz<SUP>1/2</SUP>W<SUP>-1</SUP> and response times in the range of 5 ms. These new bolometric detector structures contain hidden-legs placed completely underneath the bolometer platform. Results of simulations of the mechanical, optical and electrical properties of these new detector structures are presented. A complete detector fabrication process flow is described.
Generalized Multilevel Physical Optics (MLPO) for Comprehensive Analysis of Reflector Antennas (2011)

Recent developments of the multilevel physical optics (MLPO) algorithm aiming at the comprehensive analysis of complex reflector antenna systems are presented. The physical theory of diffraction (PTD) line integral along the rim of a reflector is combined with the physical optics (PO) surface integral within the multilevel algorithm. The multilevel scheme is also generalized to combine fields radiated by various components of different sizes, as encountered in complex antenna systems with multiple feeds and/or reflectors. Comparison with published results demonstrates the ability of the MLPO algorithm to cope accurately and efficiently with realistic reflector antenna problems.
Analog and ESD Design Synthesis (2014)

This chapter will discuss the analog design synthesis on a high level, by addressing the floorplanning of a mixed signal chip application. This will include the digital and analog power domain floorplanning, digital and analog power grid, digital-to-analog breaker cells, and ESD concerns in digital–analog mixed signal chips. Additionally, the guard ring and moats within the chip architecture will be discussed. Active and passive guard ring concepts will be shown.
Effect on Network Performance of Common versus Private Acquisition Sequences for Impulse Radio UWB Networks (2006)

Packet detection and timing acquisition for IR-UWB networks such as 802.15.4a relies on the presence of an acquisition sequence (or preamble) at the beginning of each packet. A simple network design choice is to use a common acquisition sequence for the whole network. A second design choice is to use an acquisition sequence private to destinations. It potentially yields a larger network throughput, but requires additional complexity for sources to learn the acquisition sequence of their destination. In this paper, we evaluate the effect of a common or private acquisition sequence on the network throughput. Our analysis is based on analytical modeling and simulations. We show that a private acquisition sequence yields a substantial increase in throughput. The throughput difference grows with the number of concurrent transmitters and interferers. We also show the presence of a compounding effect similar to the exposed terminal issue in 802.11 networks
On the design of 6&#x2236;1 mm-wave PUMA arrays (2013)

A matching network is integrated into the latest version of the PUMA array (presented in a fellow paper [1]) to increase the bandwidth. The PUMAv3.2 is scalable to mm-wave frequencies (≈45 GHz) and increases bandwidth from 4.5:1 to 6:1. We investigate the difficulties and possible solutions associated with integrated matching network PUMA designs. Part of the enabling technical aspects is a capacitively loaded coplanar waveguide section etched into the ground plane that connects to a stripline matching network at the backplane. Infinite array full-wave simulations of a dual-polarized PUMAv3.2 suggest 7.5-45 GHz (6:1) operation with good VSWR levels out to θ = 45° and a peak of 8.5 dB cross-pol. in certain diagonal cuts.
ChemInform Abstract: Azepinoindole Derivatives with High Affinity for Brain Dopamine and Serotonin Receptors. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Characterization of 125I‐Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Binding to Serotonin Receptors in Rat Frontal Cortex (1984)

125I-Lysergic acid diethylamide (125I-LSD) is the first 125I-labeled ligand for serotonin receptor studies. Its binding to rat frontal cortex membranes is saturable, reversible, and stereospecific. Specific binding is linearly dependent on tissue concentration and represents 70-80% of the total binding. Scatchard plots of the binding data are linear with a KD of 1.5 nM, a Bmax of 12.4 fmol/mg wet weight tissue, and a Hill slope of 1.02. The binding kinetics are highly temperature-dependent. At 37 degrees C the bimolecular association rate constant is 1.28 X 10(8) min-1 M-1 and the dissociation rate constant is 0.087 min-1 (t 1/2 = 8.0 min). At 0 degrees C less than 4% dissociation occurs over 40 min and the association rate is similarly depressed. Inhibition of 125I-LSD binding by a variety of serotonergic, dopaminergic, and adrenergic ligands reveals a 5-hydroxytryptamine2 (5-HT2) serotonergic profile for this binding site. Regional distribution studies of 125I-LSD binding in rat brain show that areas with the highest levels of binding include the cortex and striatum. Iodinated radioligands can be synthesized with specific activities exceeding 2,000 Ci/mmol, which makes them approximately 75-fold more sensitive than tritiated radioligands. This high specific activity, coupled with the selectivity of 125I-LSD for 5-HT2 sites, makes this ligand a sensitive new probe for 5-HT2 serotonin receptors.
Correlation Analysis of Multiple Sensors for Industrial Gas Turbine Compressor Blade Health Monitoring (2015)

This paper summarizes an analysis of data obtained from an instrumented compressor of an operational, heavy duty industrial gas turbine; the goal of the aforementioned analysis is to understand some of the fundamental drivers, which may lead to compressor blade vibration. Methodologies are needed to (1) understand the fundamental drivers of compressor blade vibration, (2) quantify the severity of “events,” which accelerate the likelihood of failure and reduce the remaining life of the blade, and (3) proactively detect when these issues are occurring so that the operator can take corrective action. The motivation for this analysis lies in understanding the correlations between different sensors, which may be used to measure the fundamental drivers and blade vibrations. In this study, a variety of dynamic data was acquired from an operating engine, including acoustic pressure, bearing vibration, tip timing, and traditional gas path measurements. The acoustic pressure sensors were installed on the first four compressor stages, while the tip timing was installed on the first stage only. These data show the presence of rotating stall instabilities in the front stages of the compressor, occurring during every startup and shutdown, and manifesting itself as increased amplitude oscillations in the dynamic pressure measurements, which are manifested in blade and bearing vibrations. The data that lead to these observations were acquired during several startup and shutdown events, and clearly show that the amplitude of these instabilities and the rpm at which they occur can vary substantially.
In Vitro Digestion and Fermentation Characteristics of Temulose Molasses, a Coproduct of Fiberboard Production, and Select Temulose Fractions Using Canine Fecal Inoculum (2011)

It is of interest to discover new fermentable carbohydrate sources that function as prebiotics. This study evaluated the hydrolytic digestibility, fermentative capacity, and microbiota modulating properties of Temulose molasses, four hydrolyzed fractions of Temulose molasses, short-chain fructooligosaccharides (scFOS), and a yeast cell wall preparation (Safmannan). These substrates resisted in vitro hydrolytic digestion. Each substrate was fermented in vitro using dog fecal inoculum, and fermentation characteristics were quantified at 0 and 12 h. All Temulose molasses substrates decreased pH by at least 0.64 unit and resulted in greater (P < 0.05) butyrate and total short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production compared to scFOS and Safmannan. Temulose molasses substrates resulted in higher (P < 0.01) or equal Bifidobacterium spp. concentrations compared to scFOS. Temulose molasses substrate and its fractions demonstrated prebiotic characteristics as indicated by low hydrolytic digestibility, high fermentability, and enhanced growth of microbiota considered to be beneficial to health.
Breast Cancer: Circular RNAs Mediating Efficacy in PreclinicalIn VivoModels (2023)

In order to identify new targets and treatment modalities for breast cancer, we searched the literature for circular RNAs (circRNAs) with efficacy in preclinical breast cancer-related in vivo models. From our search, we identified 26 up-regulated and six down-regulated circRNAs which mediate efficacy in breast cancer-related preclinical in vivo models. We discuss reconstitution and inhibition of the identified circRNAs, as well as druggability and validation of the targets identified in the context of chemoresistance, inhibition of proliferation and metastasis. Pathways driven by suppressors of cytokines and high-mobility group proteins, nuclear factor B and Hippo signaling emerged as important drivers of tumor growth and metastasis. The role of trefoil factor-1 with respect to metastasis of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer also merits further investigation. In addition, mucin 19 has emerged as an unexplored target for treatment of breast cancer.
Increased dose-density (DD) Is feasible: A pilot study of epirubicin and cyclophosphamide (EC) followed by paclitaxel (T), at 10–11 day interval with filgrastim support, for women with early breast carcinoma (BC) (2005)

616 Background: Q 14 day chemotherapy (CRx) was superior to q 21 day treatment in CALGB 97–41. (Citron et al, J Clin Oncol 2003 Apr 15;21(8):1431–9) Hence we hypothesized that even greater DD (q 10–11) could be more effective. This pilot trial assessed the feasibility of neoadjuvant/adjuvant DD CRx consisting of EC x 4 followed by T x 4 at 10–11 day intervals. A 2 day window was allowed for logistical reasons. Methods: 39 women with early stage BC were accrued from April 2004 to October 2004. Median age was 47 (range 26–67). Patients (pts) received therapy with EC (E 100 mg/m2 and C 600 mg/m2) q 10–11 days for 4 cycles followed by T 175 mg/m2 q 10–11 days for 4 cycles, all with filgrastim support from day 2 to 24 hours before the next treatment. Results: As of 12/1/04 31 pts have completed all planned therapy and 38 pts have completed EC. 4 pts are still receiving T. 4 pts did not complete all planned therapy: 1 pt withdrew consent after EC # 1 for non-medical reasons; 2 pts switched to docetaxel after T #3 due to allergic reactions; 1 pt withdrew after T #3 because of grade 3 neuropathy. The median inter-treatment interval was 10 days (range 8–28). 80.3% of pts were treated at 10–11 day intervals or less. One patient had one 8 day interval for T #2 due to scheduling logistics. One patient had one 28 day interval because of logistical delays associated with a venous access device placement. There were 5 dose-reductions of 25% for grade 3 non-hematological toxicity in 5 pts. 6 pts (16%) developed febrile neutropenia (FN) defined as temperature ≥ 38°C with ANC < 1000/μL; 1 pt developed FN twice (7 events). All FN was during EC. There were 9 hospitalizations: 7 FN, 1 pharyngitis and afebrile neutropenia, 1 tissue expander infection. Other grade 3 toxicities include: 3 bone pain/myalgia, 2 hand and foot syndrome, 2 neuropathy, 1 mucositis, 1 nausea and vomiting. Conclusions: EC followed by T at 10–11 days is feasible, without excessive toxicity. The nearly 30% reduction in inter-treatment interval compared to 14 day treatment could increase the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy and should be tested in a prospective randomized trial. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Amgen, Pfizer Amgen, Pfizer Amgen, Pfizer
Pharmakokinetische Modellierung von FMISO-PET/CT Bildgebung bei Plattenepithelkarzinomen im Kopf-Halsbereich. (2010)

Kurzfassung. Ziel der Arbeit war es die Moglichkeiten der bildgestutzten Hypoxiequantifizierung fur Kopf-Hals-Tumore auszuloten. Dazu wurde die Korrelation pharmakokinetischer Parameter aus dynamischer FMISO PET Bildgebung mit Messungen auf statischen Bildern untersucht. Folgende Parameter eines 2-Gewebekompatiment-Modells wurden mit Gewebe/Blut-Verhaltnisse (TBR) im statischen Bild korreliert: metabolische Rate Ki, fraktionelles Blutvolumen β und lokale Perfusion k1. Ausgewertet wurden 9 Patienten mit Diagnose auf lokalisiertes Plattenepithelkarzinomen im Kopf-Halsbereich ohne vorherige Chemooder Radiotherapie. Die Registrierung der Bilddaten und die anschliesenden pharmakokinetischen Analysen wurde mit Hilfe der Voxulus Software der Philips Forschung durchgefuhrt, wie sie auf der Philips Imalytics Workstation zur Verfugung steht. Fur Tumor ROIs konnte eine starke positive Korrelation zwischen mittlerem Ki und TBR gezeigt werden. Ebenso eine leichte negative Korrelation zwischen k1 and Ki und eine moderat positive Korrelation zwischen β and Ki, jedoch keine Korrelation zwischen β und k1. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass die Verwendung des statischen Gewebe/ Blut-Verhaltnisses alleine unzureichend ist um Hypoxie im Tumorgewebe eindeutig zu identifizieren. Ein robusteres Kriterium verspricht die Verwendung einer Kombination der beiden Parameter TBR und Ki.
Molecular recognition and catalysis. Acceleration of phosphodiester cleavage by a simple hydrogen-bonding receptor (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular recognition and catalysis. Acceleration of phosphodiester cleavage by a simple hydrogen-bonding receptorVrej Jubian, Robert P. Dixon, and Andrew D. HamiltonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 3, 1120–1121Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00029a068https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00029a068research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views400Altmetric-Citations128LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
2A1-D01 Development of Ultrasonic Motor Robot Arm : Propose a method of torque control for the USM(Mechanism and Control for Actuator (1)) (2013)

We propose a torque control strategy of a robot arm using ultrasonic motors. The ultrasonic motor (USM) is an actuator that has advantages such as low speed, high torque (good response time), and high-accuracy positioning without gear. These characteristics are suited for a wide range of robot arms from industrial robots to personal robots. In this report, we show the control strategy that changes the torque by changing AC voltages from the USM driver. In experiment, one of robot arm's joints changes the torque by the proposed control strategy from zero (back-drivable) to peak as if a torsional spring.
Structural features underlying T-cell receptor sensitivity to concealed MHC class I micropolymorphisms (2012)

Polymorphic differences distinguishing MHC class I subtypes often permit the presentation of shared epitopes in conformationally identical formats but can affect T-cell repertoire selection, differentially impacting autoimmune susceptibilities and viral clearance in vivo. The molecular mechanisms underlying this effect are not well understood. We performed structural, thermodynamic, and functional analyses of a conserved T-cell receptor (TCR) which is frequently expanded in response to a HIV-1 epitope when presented by HLA-B*5701 but is not selected by HLA-B*5703, which differs from HLA-B*5701 by two concealed polymorphisms. Our findings illustrate that although both HLA-B*57 subtypes display the epitope in structurally conserved formats, the impact of their polymorphic differences occurs directly as a consequence of TCR ligation, primarily because of peptide adjustments required for TCR binding, which involves the interplay of polymorphic residues and water molecules. These minor differences culminate in subtype-specific differential TCR-binding kinetics and cellular function. Our data demonstrate a potential mechanism whereby the most subtle MHC class I micropolymorphisms can influence TCR use and highlight their implications for disease outcomes.
High-throughput qRT-PCR validation of blood microRNAs in non-small cell lung cancer (2015)

Validation of biomarkers is essential to advance the translational process to clinical application. Although there exists an increasing number of reports on small non-coding RNAs (microRNAs) as minimally-invasive markers from blood, serum or plasma, just a limited number is verified in follow-up studies. We used qRT-PCR to evaluate a known miRNA signature measured from blood that allowed for separation between patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), COPD and healthy controls.From the data of our previous microarray studies we selected a panel of 235 miRNAs related to lung cancer and COPD. We observed a high concordance between the AUC values of our initial microarray screening and the qRT-PCR data (correlation of 0.704, p < 10-16). Overall, 90.3% of markers were successfully validated. Among the top markers that were concordant between both studies we found hsa-miR-20b-5p, hsa-miR-20a-5p, hsa-miR-17-5p, and hsa-miR-106a-5p. The qRT-PCR analysis also confirmed that non-small cell lung cancer patients could be accurately differentiated from unaffected controls: a subset of five markers was sufficient to separate NSCLC patients from unaffected controls with accuracy of 94.5% (specificity and sensitivity of 98% and 91%). Beyond differentiation from controls, we also succeeded in separating NSCLC patients from patients with COPD. MiRNAs that were identified as relevant for the separation between lung cancer and COPD by both qRT-PCR and the array-based studies included hsa-miR-26a-5p, hsa-miR-328-3p and hsa-miR-1224-3p. Although for differentiation between NSCLC patients from COPD patients more markers were required, still high accuracy rates were obtained (5 markers: 78.8%; 10 markers: 83.9%; 50 markers: 87.6%).
Optimization of 10-Gb/s long-wavelength floating guard ring InGaAs-InP avalanche photodiodes (2002)

We demonstrate long-wavelength (/spl lambda/ = 1.3 and 1.5 μm) high-speed (10 Gb/s) InGaAs-InP separate absorption-grading-and-multiplication region avalanche photodiodes (SAGM-APDs) employing a double diffused floating guard ring (FGR) structure to eliminate edge breakdown. The simple /spl ges/ 60-GHz gain-bandwidth product double diffused FGR structure was optimized using theoretical and experimental studies. The APD excess noise factor was measured, and suggests that dead-length effects must be considered in designing high bandwidth devices with thin multiplication layers.
A Bias-Reduced Nonlinear WLS Method for TDOA/FDOA-Based Source Localization (2015)

We address the source localization problem by using both time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) and frequency-difference-of-arrival (FDOA) measurements. We solve this problem in two steps, and in each step, we formulate a nonlinear weighted least squares (WLS) problem followed by a bias reduction scheme. In the first step, we formulate a nonlinear WLS problem using TDOA measurements only and derive the bias of the WLS solution, which is then used to develop an unbiased WLS solution by subtracting the bias from the WLS solution. In the second step, we formulate another nonlinear WLS problem by combining the results in the first step and the FDOA measurements. To avoid the potential risk of local convergence, this WLS problem is reduced to an approximate WLS problem, for which the globally optimal solution can be obtained. The bias of the WLS solution is also derived and then subtracted from the WLS solution to reduce the bias. Simulation results show that the bias of the proposed method is reduced and that the Cramér-Rao lower bound accuracy is also achieved.