gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Operation of a Small-Scale Salt-Gradient Solar Pond: Experimental Results (1986)

A small-scale sodium chloride salt gradient solar pond was operated outdoors in Dhahran over a period of nine months. Vertical temperature profiles in the pond and in the ground underneath the pond, density profiles and temperatures at fixed locations in the pond were measured. Variation of the bottom zone temperature with time over the operating period is presented as well as representative vertical pond temperature profiles taken in the morning and afternoon. From these profiles and additional temperature data taken from fixed locations in the bottom zone, some insight was gained regarding onset of bottom convection and the midday total energy collection. Evidence is shown which suggests that weak convective cells in the gradient zone will “self-heal” even when on the order of 5 cm in thickness.
Structural insights unravel the zymogenic mechanism of the virulence factor gingipain K from Porphyromonas gingivalis, a causative agent of gum disease from the human oral microbiome (2017)

Skewing of the human oral microbiome causes dysbiosis and preponderance of bacteria such as <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>, the main etiological agent of periodontitis. <i>P. gingivalis</i> secretes proteolytic gingipains (Kgp and RgpA/B) as zymogens inhibited by a pro-domain that is removed during extracellular activation. Unraveling the molecular mechanism of Kgp zymogenicity is essential to design inhibitors blocking its activity. Here, we found that the isolated 209-residue Kgp pro-domain is a boomerang-shaped all-β protein similar to the RgpB pro-domain. Using composite structural information of Kgp and RgpB, we derived a plausible homology model and mechanism of Kgp-regulating zymogenicity. Accordingly, the pro-domain would laterally attach to the catalytic moiety in Kgp and block the active site through an exposed inhibitory loop. This loop features a lysine (Lys<sup>129</sup>) likely occupying the S<sub>1</sub> specificity pocket and exerting latency. Lys<sup>129</sup> mutation to glutamate or arginine led to misfolded protein that was degraded <i>in vivo</i> Mutation to alanine gave milder effects but still strongly diminished proteolytic activity, without affecting the subcellular location of the enzyme. Accordingly, the interactions of Lys<sup>129</sup> within the S<sub>1</sub> pocket are also essential for correct folding. Uniquely for gingipains, the isolated Kgp pro-domain dimerized through an interface, which partially overlapped with that between the catalytic moiety and the pro-domain within the zymogen, <i>i.e.</i> both complexes are mutually exclusive. Thus, pro-domain dimerization, together with partial rearrangement of the active site upon activation, explains the lack of inhibition of the pro-domain in <i>trans.</i> Our results reveal that the specific latency mechanism of Kgp differs from those of Rgps.
Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 1 May Be Immunologically Mediated: A Pilot Evaluation of Monocyte Apoptosis (2012)

BACKGROUND: Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) type 1 is characterized by a rapid worsening of cardiac function leading to acute kidney injury (AKI). An immune-mediated damage and alteration of immune response have been postulated as potential mechanisms involved in CRS type 1. In this pilot study, we examined the possible role of the immune-mediated mechanisms in the pathogenesis of this syndrome. The main objective was to analyze in vitro that plasma of CRS type 1 patients was able to trigger a response in monocytes resulting in apoptosis. The secondary aim was to evaluate TNF-α and IL-6 plasma levels of CRS type 1 patients. METHODS: Fifteen patients with acute heart failure (AHF) and CRS type 1 were enrolled and 20 healthy volunteers without AHF or AKI were recruited as control group. Plasma from these two groups was incubated with monocytes and, subsequently, cell apoptosis was evaluated. In addition, the activity of caspase-8 was assessed after 24 h incubation. Quantitative determination of TNF-α and IL-6 levels was performed. RESULTS: Plasma-induced apoptosis was significantly higher in CRS type 1 patients compared with healthy controls at 72 h (78 vs. 11%) and 96 h (81 vs. 11%). At 24 h, the activity of caspase-8 was significantly higher in monocytes incubated with plasma from the CRS type 1 group. TNF-α (2.39 vs. 28.49 pg/ml) and IL-6 (4.8 vs. 16.5 pg/ml) levels were significantly elevated in the CRS type 1 group (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, there is a defective regulation of monocyte apoptosis in CRS type 1 patients, and inflammatory pathways may have a central role in the pathogenesis of CRS type 1 and may be fundamental in damage to distant organs.
Increased diversity with reduced “diversity evenness” of tumor infiltrating T-cells for the successful cancer immunotherapy (2018)

To facilitate the optimization of cancer immunotherapy lacking immune-related adverse events, we performed TCR repertoire analysis of tumor-infiltrating CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cells in B16 melanoma-bearing mice receiving anti-PD-1, anti-CTLA-4, anti-4-1BB, anti-CD4 or a combination of anti-PD-1 and 4-1BB antibodies. Although CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cells in the tumor were activated and expanded to a greater or lesser extent by these therapies, tumor growth suppression was achieved only by anti-PD-1, anti-PD-1/4-1BB combined, or by anti-CD4 treatment, but not by anti-CTLA-4 or anti-4-1BB monotherapy. Increased CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell effector function and TCR diversity with enrichment of certain TCR clonotypes in the tumor was associated with anti-tumor effects. In contrast, polyclonal activation of T-cells in the periphery was associated with tissue damage. Thus, optimal combination therapy increases TCR diversity with extended activation of selective CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cells specifically in the tumor but not in the periphery. Incorporation of the concept of evenness for the TCR diversity is proposed.
A novel methodology to create generative statistical models of interconnects (2016)

This paper addresses the problem of constructing a generative statistical model for an interconnect starting from a limited set of S-parameter samples, which are obtained by simulating or measuring the interconnect for a few random realizations of its stochastic physical properties. These original samples are first converted into a pole-residue representation with common poles. The corresponding residues are modeled as a correlated stochastic process by means of principal component analysis and kernel density estimation. The obtained model allows generating new samples with similar statistics as the original data. A passivity check is performed over the generated samples to retain only passive data. The proposed approach is applied to a representative coupled microstrip line example.
Multiscale Image Quality Estimation (2013)

Multimedia communication is becoming pervasive because of the progress in wireless communications and multimedia coding. Estimating the quality of the visual content accurately is crucial in providing satisfactory service. State of the art visual quality assessment approaches are effective when the input image and the reference image have the same resolution. However, finding the quality of an image that has spatial resolution different than that of the reference image is still a challenging problem. To solve this problem, we develop a quality estimator (QE) which computes the quality of the input image without resampling the reference or the input images. In this work, we begin by identifying the potential weaknesses of previous approaches used to estimate the quality of experience. Next, we design a QE to estimate the quality of a distorted image with a lower resolution compared to the reference image. We also propose a subjective test environment to explore the success of the proposed algorithm in comparison with other QEs. When the input and test images have different resolutions, the subjective tests demonstrate that in most cases the proposed method works better than other approaches. In addition, the proposed algorithm also performs well when the reference image and the test image have the same resolution.
Genomic Copy Number Alterations in Renal Cell Carcinoma with Sarcomatoid Features (2015)

Sarcomatoid changes in renal cell carcinoma are associated with a high rate of chromosomal imbalances with losses of 9q, 15q, 18p/q and 22q, and gains of 1q and 8q occurring at significantly higher frequencies in comparison to nonsarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma. Identifying candidate driver genes or tumor suppressor loci in these chromosomal regions may help identify targets for future therapies.
Autologous protein solution prepared from the blood of osteoarthritic patients contains an enhanced profile of anti-inflammatory cytokines and anabolic growth factors (2014)

The objective of this clinical study was to test if blood from osteoarthritis (OA) patients (n = 105) could be processed by a device system to form an autologous protein solution (APS) with preferentially increased concentrations of anti-inflammatory cytokines compared to inflammatory cytokines. To address this objective, APS was prepared from patients exhibiting radiographic evidence of knee OA. Patient metrics were collected including: demographic information, medical history, medication records, and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) surveys. Cytokine and growth factor concentrations in whole blood and APS were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Statistical analyses were used to identify relationships between OA patient metrics and cytokines. The results of this study indicated that anti-inflammatory cytokines were preferentially increased compared to inflammatory cytokines in APS from 98% of OA patients. APS contained high concentrations of anti-inflammatory proteins including 39,000 ± 20,000 pg/ml IL-1ra, 21,000 ± 5,000 pg/ml sIL-1RII, 2,100 ± 570 pg/ml sTNF-RI, and 4,200 ± 1,500 pg/ml sTNF-RII. Analysis of the 82 patient metrics indicated that no single patient metric was strongly correlated (R(2) > 0.7) with the key cytokine concentrations in APS. Therefore, APS can be prepared from a broad range of OA patients.
Saturable Enantioselective First‐pass Effect for Carvedilol after High Oral Racemate Doses in Rats (1993)

Carvedilol shows a highly enantioselective first-pass extraction after therapeutic p.o. doses with preferential extraction of the S-enantiomer. To investigate, whether the enantioselective first-pass metabolism is saturable, male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered increasing single doses of R/S-carvedilol (p.o., 5-30 mg/kg; i.v., 5 and 10 mg/kg), and the individual stereopharmacokinetics were studied. Like in humans the plasma concentrations of R-carvedilol exceeded always those of S-carvedilol. As expected, a dose-dependent reduction in oral clearance was observed, while the total clearance after the i.v. doses was constant. Beyond 20 mg/kg an increased plasma half-life was found for both enantiomers, which is due to a reduced plasma clearance.
Molecular structure and conformation of two acyclic polythioethers: implications for the design of heavy metal chelators (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular structure and conformation of two acyclic polythioethers: implications for the design of heavy metal chelatorsJohn M. Desper, Douglas R. Powell, and Samuel H. GellmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 11, 4321–4324Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00167a031https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00167a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views222Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Thermal Hydraulic Flow Oscillation Characteristics in Multiformed Channels under Natural Circulation and Low-Pressure Conditions (2008)

Thermal hydraulic instabilities in vertical multicombined channels under natural circulation conditions have been experimentally investigated. The multicombined channels consist of two parts; a nonheated single-channel section installed downstream and a heated parallel-channel section installed upstream. The length of each channel section could be varied to investigate the flow oscillation characteristics of the instabilities. The flow oscillation modes at the parallel-channel section could be roughly classified into three different types according to the length ratio of each channel, such as in-phase (natural circulation oscillation), out-of-phase (geysering, density wave oscillation), and intermediate-phase. The objective of this study is to experimentally clarify the transport mechanisms of those flow oscillations. The resulting geysering could be further classified into Griffith's type and Aritomi's type according to the difference in input thermal conditions. Especially in case that the length of the single section was almost equal to that of the parallel section, the intermediate-phase flow oscillation was observed. The intermediate-phase flow oscillation was basically the out-of-phase flow oscillation due to the pressure fluctuation in the parallel channels, but the range of the flow oscillation periodically increased or decreased in a certain width due to the hydrostatic head fluctuation in the single channel.
Successive Concave Sparsity Approximation for Compressed Sensing (2016)

In this paper, based on a successively accuracy-increasing approximation of the ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> norm, we propose a new algorithm for recovery of sparse vectors from underdetermined measurements. The approximations are realized with a certain class of concave functions that aggressively induce sparsity and their closeness to the ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> norm can be controlled. We prove that the series of the approximations asymptotically coincides with the ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> and ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> norms when the approximation accuracy changes from the worst fitting to the best fitting. When measurements are noise-free, an optimization scheme is proposed that leads to a number of weighted ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> minimization programs, whereas, in the presence of noise, we propose two iterative thresholding methods that are computationally appealing. A convergence guarantee for the iterative thresholding method is provided, and, for a particular function in the class of the approximating functions, we derive the closed-form thresholding operator. We further present some theoretical analyses via the restricted isometry, null space, and spherical section properties. Our extensive numerical simulations indicate that the proposed algorithm closely follows the performance of the oracle estimator for a range of sparsity levels wider than those of the state-of-the-art algorithms.
The acceleration time constant: comparison of normal and spastic upper extremity movement (2002)

Upper arm function during a tracking task is recognized as non-linear and characterized by a phase plane with acceleration (second derivative of stick position) plotted on the ordinate and velocity (first derivative of stick position) plotted on the abscissa. An acceleration time constant (/spl tau//sub A/) is defined as [V/sub A//A/sub M/] where V/sub A/ is the velocity at maximal acceleration and AM is the actual maximal acceleration. Ten spastic subjects (S) were categorized into 3 groups of mildly spastic (M), intermediately spastic (I), and highly spastic (H) which were compared to 5 normal subjects (N). When performing a commanded movement, T/sub A/ is a significant identifier between M, I and H. Specifically, T/sub A/ for M is highest, T/sub A/ for I is intermediate, and /spl tau//sub A/ for H is lowest. There is no significant difference between /spl tau//sub A/ for H and /spl tau//sub A/ for N. The physical significance of these results is discussed.
A Cartesian non‐uniform grid interpolation method for fast field evaluation on elongated domains (2012)

SUMMARY An algorithm for performing a fast evaluation on time harmonic fields radiated by two‐dimensional source constellations with elongated geometry is introduced. The suggested scheme attains a linear computational complexity. At the core of the algorithm is the idea of phase and amplitude compensation facilitating the conversion of fields radiated by spatially confined sources into bandlimited functions of the suitable coordinates. Thus, the fields or potentials are represented by their samples on sparse left‐side and right‐side non‐uniform Cartesian grids. These grids are employed both for the representation of outgoing fields and as targets for accumulating the incoming fields. Integrating this approach with the divide‐and‐conquer strategy, the algorithm relies on a binary hierarchical decomposition of the computational domain. The total field is computed via a two‐way multilevel process, which passes through all of the left‐side and right‐side grids, while systematically aggregating all subdomains' contributions, ending with the field interpolation back to the desired observation points. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
AU-colloids containing optical active waveguides by sol-gel processing and (nonlinear) optical properties (1995)

Optical waveguides based on Au-colloid containing ormocer film with particle size from 10 nm to 40 nm in diameter have been prepared by sol-gel technique. The particles exhibit spherical as well as nonspherical shapes. Nonlinear optical measurements show a X(³) of a value of 2.8 *10(-7) esu for the composite and Xm(³)=2.6*10(-6) esu for the Au-particles.
The DHCP Handbook: Understanding, Deploying, and Managing Automated Configuration Services (1999)

From the Publisher:
DHCP is an authoritative overview and expert guide to the set up and management of a DHCP server. The book begins with a thorough technical introduction to DHCPhow it was developed, how it interacts with other protocols such as TCP/IP, etc. Part II discusses how DHCP operates; including initial configurations, handling rebooting and lease extension, and DHCP relay agents. In Part III, the authors share their expertise on the efficient use of DHCP in different environments. Part IV covers the technical intricacies of the interaction between DHCP servers and clients, and how to optimally manage each relationship. The final section covers network hardware, inter-server communication, security, SNMP, and IP mobility. The book concludes with several appendices that provide a rich resource for networking professionals working with DHCP.
Crack Initiation at Electrode Edges in PZN-4.5%PT Single Crystals (2005)

Fringing electric fields emanating from an electrode edge in electromechanically coupled materials can potentially lead to cracking from a strain incompatibility of the active and inactive regions. Partial electrodes and specimen geometry are studied in single crystal PZN-4.5%PT to characterize the fracture behavior near an electrode edge. Crack growth was characterized by varying the specimen thickness (t 1 /4 0.7 and 2 mm) and electrode coverage (50-95%). An applied electric field of 3 MV/m was required to initiate cracks in the 0.7-mm specimens, while an electric field of 2 MV/m was required to initiate cracks in the 2 mm thick specimens. Linear elastic finite element modeling was used to determine the field quantities near the electrode edge and evaluate the internal energy density.
Engineering localised plasmons on nanostructured metallic surfaces for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (2005)

Reproducible SERS-active substrates with Raman enhancements >10,000 are designed by nano-templating gold and silver surfaces. Optimisation of the surface and localised plasmons matched to the exciting laser provide highly specific control, opening new applications spaces.
Inhaled Cyclosporine Solution for the Treatment of Bronchiolitis Obliterans Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) or Lung Transplantation (2015)

with a median time to sys.IS cessation of 1.2 years (range 0.5-5.6) post-DCBT. Of 103 progression-free survivors at 1-year, 26 (25%) were on high, 26 (25%) on intermediate, 18 (17%) on low dose sys.IS, & 33 (32%) were on no sys.IS. The number of patients on any sys.IS decreased to 30% in evaluable progression-free survivors at 2-years, & 18% at 3-years. A total of 84/129 (65%) patients survive progression-free to date from the day 100 landmark with 24 having died of TRM (17 GVHDrelated), 1 from relapsed sarcoma, & 20 have relapsed/progressed. The 3-year incidence of TRM according to maximum day 100 aGVHD grade was 11% (95%CI: 4-22) in grade 0-I & 24% (95%CI: 15-34) in grade II-IV patients, p 0.14. The 3year incidence of relapse was 20% (95%CI: 10-34) in grade 0-I & 11% (95%CI: 6-20) in grade II-IV patients, p 0.54. Overall, there was no difference in the 3-year PFS of 69% (95%CI: 56-84) in those whose day 100 aGVHD grade was 0-I when compared to the 65% (95%CI: 55-76) PFS in patients whose aGVHD grade was II-IV (Figure). Conclusions: In patients alive at day 100, most will achieve sustained cessation of sys.IS despite initial aGVHD. Moreover, while the contribution of aGVHD to TRM is significant, there was no statistical difference in overall TRM in the GVHD groups. Finally, grade 0-I versus II-IV aGVHD had no impact on long-term PFS. Thus, despite an approximate 50% incidence of grade II-IV aGVHD in DCBT recipients at our center (Ponce et al, BBMT 2013), long-term PFS is not impacted in day 100 survivors & the majority of patients are off IS after 2 years post-allograft.
Design of new multi-material using additive manufacturing for extreme temperature environment (2019)

International audience
Die ersten nichtkoordinierenden Dendrimer-Polyanionen - neuartige Cokatalysatoren für die metallocenkatalysierte Olefinpolymerisation (2001)

Eine neue Klasse nichtkoordinierender Anionen sind die Carbosilan-Dendrimere mit Perfluorarylborat-Endgruppen (Beispiel siehe Bild). Sie aktivieren und stabilisieren Metallocene, wodurch Olefine wie Ethen, Propen und 1-Hexen mit hohen Aktivitäten polymerisiert werden können.
Going Mad withSmads (1999)

In the past year, several studies of mice with genetically manipulated Smad genes have caught the attention of cancer researchers. Smad is a family of at least nine genes, each bearing an identifying number (e.g., Smad1, Smad2, and Smad9), and each encoding a protein involved in mediating cellular responses to transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and related polypeptides. The prototype for this family of ligands was named “transforming growth factor” because it was initially identified as a serum component that stimulated neoplastic-like behavior in fibroblasts. Now we know that it has important roles in the life and death of . . .