gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance Evaluation of an IEEE 802.15.4a Physical Layer with Energy Detection and Multi-User Interference (2007)

We evaluate the performance of an IEEE 802.15.4a ultra-wide band (UWB) physical layer, with an energy-detection receiver, in the presence of multi-user interference (MUI). A complete packet based system is considered. We take into account packet detection and timing acquisition, the estimation of the power delay profile of the channel, and the recovery of the encoded payload. Energy detectors are known to have a low implementation complexity and to allow for avoiding the complex channel estimation needed by a Rake receiver. However, our results show that MUI severely degrades the performance of the energy detection receiver, even at low traffic rate. We demonstrate that using an IEEE 802.15.4a compliant energy detection receiver significantly diminishes one of the most appealing benefits of UWB, namely its robustness to MUI and thus the possibility to allow parallel transmissions. We further find that timing acquisition and data decoding both equally suffer from MUI.
Low-NaCl diet increases H-K-ATPase in intercalated cells from rat cortical collecting duct (1998)

Extracellular K+-dependent H+ extrusion after an acute acid load, an index of H/K exchange, was monitored in intercalated cells (ICs) from rat cortical collecting tubule (CCT) using ratiometric fluorescence imaging of the intracellular pH (pHi) indicator, 2',7'-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF). The hypothesis tested was that 12- to 14-day NaCl deprivation increases H-K-ATPase in rat ICs. The rate of H/K exchange in the low-NaCl ICs was double that of controls. In control ICs, H/K exchange was inhibited by Sch-28080 (10 microM). In the low-NaCl ICs, it was partially blocked by Sch-28080 or ouabain (1 mM). Simultaneous addition of both inhibitors abolished K-dependent pHi recovery. The induced H/K exchange observed with NaCl restriction was not due to elevated plasma aldosterone as evidenced by experiments on ICs from rats implanted with osmotic minipumps administering aldosterone such that plasma levels were comparable to those of NaCl-deficient rats. The results suggest that NaCl deficiency induces two isoforms of H-K-ATPase in ICs and that this effect is not mediated by elevated plasma aldosterone.
Rapid Species Identification Within theMycobacterium chelonae–abscessusGroup by High-Resolution Melting Analysis ofhsp65PCR Products (2005)

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the heat shock protein 65 (hsp65) gene followed by high-resolution melting analysis with LCGreen I (Idaho Technology, Salt Lake City, UT) was used to differentiate the mycobacteria species Mycobacterium chelonae, Mycobacterium abscessus, and Mycobacterium immunogenum in less than 20 minutes. A 105-base-pair amplicon that clustered the different species by predicted melting temperature was found from available GenBank hsp65 sequences. We identified 24 clinical isolates within the M chelonae-abscessus group by proximal 16S ribosomal RNA and hsp65 gene sequencing. Rapid-cycle PCR followed by high-resolution melting analysis clustered these samples into the following groups: M abscessus, 12; M abscessus sequence variant, 2; M chelonae, 7; unexpected M chelonae sequence variant, 1; and M immunogenum, 2. The M chelonae variant had a single base change not found in reported GenBank sequences. Advantages of the method include speed, low risk of amplicon contamination (closed-tube), and no need for separation steps (sequencing, electrophoresis, high-performance liquid chromatography) or real-time monitoring.
ChemInform Abstract: WAVE LENGTH DEPENDENT PHOTOLYSIS OF PHENANTHRENE OXIDE (1974)

Abstract Die Belichtung (Ä = 300 ‐ 350 nm) des Epoxyphenanthrens (I) in Methylenchlorid ergibt das Phenanthrenol (II), Phenanthren (III) und das Dibenzooxepin (IV).
Statistical methodologies for integrated circuits design (2007)

The continuous scaling of physical dimensions has strongly increased circuit performance variability and the traditional corner-case methodology is becoming unreliable. As a consequence, there is an urgent need for new and more accurate statistical models. In this scenario, the purpose of this paper is twofold: 1) to give the reader the basic concepts of statistical modeling, and 2) to discuss a viable statistical approach that could be adopted into a traditional IC design flow for the next technology generations.
On the enactability of business protocols (2008)

Protocols specifying business interactions among au-tonomous parties enable reuse and promote interoperability. A protocol is specified from a global viewpoint, but enacted in a distributed manner by (agents playing) different roles. Each role describes a local representation. An ill-specified protocol may yield roles that fail to produce correct enact-ments of the protocol. Existing approaches lack a formal and comprehensive treatment of this problem. Building on recent work on declaratively specifying a protocol as a set of rules of causal logic, this paper formally defines the enactability of protocols. It presents necessary and sufficient conditions for the enactability of a protocol as well as a decision procedure for extracting correct roles from enactable protocols.
[Light pollution. A connection between ecology and health]. (2015)

Light pollution is defined as the abnormal and disturbing nocturnal presence of light, its adverse consequences on flora, fauna, and, ecosystems, and its suspected or proven effects on human health. Light pollution is a quite recent and increasing phenomenon within our society; it leads to a major environmental damage not only on wildlife, but also on human health (cancers, obesity, fatigue, depression...). The solutions to this problem are however simple, efficient and, de facto, inexpensive because they involve a substantial energy saving.
Dual‐cure luting composites. Part I: filler particle distribution (1993)

Fourteen dual-cure luting composites were analyzed for their filler particle shape, predominant and maximum filler size, and filler weight in function of their clinical use. Polished surfaces were etched with an argon ion beam and studied by means of scanning electron microscopy. The type of filler particles, either inorganic or prepolymerized, could clearly be recognized. Their shapes were angular, rounded or spherical, depending on the product. The maximum filler size varied extremely from less than 1 micron to 250 microns. A particle-size distribution analyser disclosed a bell-shaped filler-size distribution. The predominant filler size for all the products was much smaller than the maximum filler size. The filler weight varied from 36 to 77%. After ion etching, some products showed small areas with a low degree of filler loading. A classification of the luting composites based on the maximum filler size is proposed. Since the particle size varies widely within the group of products analyzed, a standard specification for luting composites is urgently needed.
High-quality percussion drilling of silicon with a CW fiber laser (2010)

It has been shown that 30 ns FWHM duration pulses from a MOPA fiber laser (wavelength: 1064 nm) cleanly micromachines silicon with little cracking or heat-affected zone<sup>1</sup>. In this paper, we show that similar results can be achieved using a 1070 nm quasi-continuous wave laser pulsed with a 6.6 &mu;s duration (average power: 2.8 W) in combination with coaxially delivered nitrogen assist gas. The holes are cut at a 5 kHz repetition rate with a resulting diameter on the order of 15 &mu;m and an etch rate of up to 18 &mu;m/pulse. Hole size is increased for longer pulses and the heat-affected zone broadens to greater than 25 &mu;m with no assist gas. By combining low coherence microscopy with machining, we depth image the machining front and obtain in situ images during and after the drilling process showing rich cut dynamics in real time.
Viral rhodopsins 1 are an unique family of light-gated cation channels (2020)

Phytoplankton is the base of the marine food chain as well as oxygen and carbon cycles and thus plays a global role in climate and ecology. Nucleocytoplasmic Large DNA Viruses that infect phytoplankton organisms and regulate the phytoplankton dynamics encompass genes of rhodopsins of two distinct families. Here, we present a functional and structural characterization of two proteins of viral rhodopsin group 1, OLPVR1 and VirChR1. Functional analysis of VirChR1 shows that it is a highly selective, Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>-conducting channel and, in contrast to known cation channelrhodopsins, it is impermeable to Ca<sup>2+</sup> ions. We show that, upon illumination, VirChR1 is able to drive neural firing. The 1.4 Å resolution structure of OLPVR1 reveals remarkable differences from the known channelrhodopsins and a unique ion-conducting pathway. Thus, viral rhodopsins 1 represent a unique, large group of light-gated channels (viral channelrhodopsins, VirChR1s). In nature, VirChR1s likely mediate phototaxis of algae enhancing the host anabolic processes to support virus reproduction, and therefore, might play a major role in global phytoplankton dynamics. Moreover, VirChR1s have unique potential for optogenetics as they lack possibly noxious Ca<sup>2+</sup> permeability.
Benzene-fused bis(acenaphthoBODIPY)s, stable near-infrared-selective dyes (2018)

Benzene-fused bis(acenaphthoBODIPY)s prepared by retro-Diels-Alder reaction of bicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene-fused precursors showed strong absorption bands in the near-infrared region and very weak absorptions in the visible region.
Laparoscopic Treatment of Gastric Volvulus: A Case Report (1997)

A case report of laparoscopic treatment of gastric volvulus in an 85-year-old man is presented. The patient did not have intraoperative or postoperative complications, tolerated a diet in 48 hours, and was discharged home 4 days after surgery. A gastric volvulus can be safely treated using laparoscopic techniques.
Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic: A tree in the liver (2021)

Question: A 57-year-old lady with diabetes mellitus and chronic hepatitis B infection was admitted for massive hematemesis with hypovolemic shock. Hemoglobin level was 4.6 g/dL on admission. She was admitted to intensive care unit and was started on octreotide infusion for possible variceal hemorrhage. Urgent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD) showed a system of isolated gastric varices with overlying fibrin clot, suggestive of recent hemorrhage. Two vials of 0.5-mL histoacryl glue mixed with 0.7-ml Lipiodol were injected into varices with hemostasis achieved. Abdominal x-ray after OGD showed extensive glue in stomach, liver, and lungs. Urgent computed tomography with contrast confirmed extensive glue embolism extending from gastric cardia and fundus to splenic vein, portal vein, both lobes of liver, right ventricular outflow track, and both main pulmonary arteries down to the subsegmental branches. A porto-systemic shunt was noted from short gastric vein to left renal vein. Patient developed an episode of ischaemic hepatitis with plasma alanine aminotransferase peaked at 1500 IU/L without hepatic decompensation. She was subsequently discharged on day 10. Follow-up echocardiogram 3 months later showed normal right heart function and no intracardiac shunt. Follow-up endoscopic ultrasonography of stomach showed no obvious residual submucosal esophageal or gastric varices. Repeated abdominal x-ray and computed tomography at 3 months showed significant decrease in amount of glue in abdomen without infarcts (Fig. 2). Her liver function became normal. The reported incidence of glue embolism ranges from 0.5% to 4.3%. The volume of glue used, rate of injection, and size of gastric varices being treated contribute to the risk of embolization. In particular, large-sized varices with high blood flow rates are frequently associated with gastro-renal shunts, resulting in higher risk of pulmonary embolism. Glue emboli can cause a wide spectrum of clinical presentations ranging from asymptomatic to respiratory failure. Treatment is mainly supportive and majority of cases resolve with time.
Adhesive capability of Lactobacillus plantarum 299v is important for preventing bacterial translocation in endotoxemic rats (2006)

The preventive effect of the probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum 299v on bacterial translocation (BT) and the role of adhesion were studied in septic rats. Five groups of rats were pretreated as follows: negative and positive control groups received regular drinking water; the oatmeal group received drinking water mixed with oatmeal; the Lp 299v group received drinking water mixed with oatmeal containing 10(9) colony-forming units (CFU) L. plantarum 299v/ml; the Lp 299v-adh(-) group received drinking water with oatmeal containing 10(9) CFU/ml of modified L. plantarum 299v (L. plantarum 299v-adh(-)) lacking adhesive properties to enterocytes. On day 8, all rats except the negative control group were given lipopolysaccharide (LPS) intraperitoneally. After 24 h, mesenteric lymph node (MLN), liver and ileum were harvested for culture. Incidence of BT after LPS challenge was 25% and 88% in MLN and liver, respectively. BT increased to 75% in MLN and 100% in liver of endotoxemic rats pretreated with oatmeal. Pretreatment with L. plantarum 299v reduced BT to 0% and 12% in MLN and liver, respectively. L. plantarum 299v-adh(-) did not prevent BT to MLN. Flow cytometry revealed reduced adherence of these bacteria to intestinal epithelial cells compared to L. plantarum 299v. Thus, L. plantarum 299v prevents BT in septic rats, an effect probably dependent on bacterial adherence to the intestinal mucosa. Further, our findings indicate that oatmeal (prebiotics) without probiotics does not prevent BT during sepsis.
Use of Micro-Computed Tomography to Nondestructively Characterize Biomineral Coatings on Solid Freeform Fabricated Poly (L-Lactic Acid) and Poly (ɛ-Caprolactone) Scaffolds In Vitro and In Vivo (2012)

Biomineral coatings have been extensively used to enhance the osteoconductivity of polymeric scaffolds. Numerous porous scaffolds have previously been coated with a bone-like apatite mineral through incubation in simulated body fluid (SBF). However, characterization of the mineral layer formed on scaffolds, including the amount of mineral within the scaffolds, often requires destructive methods. We have developed a method using micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) scanning to nondestructively quantify the amount of mineral in vitro and in vivo on biodegradable scaffolds made of poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL). PLLA and PCL scaffolds were fabricated using an indirect solid freeform fabrication (SFF) technique to achieve orthogonally interconnected pore architectures. Biomineral coatings were formed on the fabricated PLLA and PCL scaffolds after incubation in modified SBF (mSBF). Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of an apatite-like mineral. The scaffolds were implanted into mouse ectopic sites for 3 and 10 weeks. The presence of a biomineral coating within the porous scaffolds was confirmed through plastic embedding and μ-CT techniques. Tissue mineral content (TMC) and volume of mineral on the scaffold surfaces detected by μ-CT had a strong correlation with the amount of calcium measured by the orthocresolphthalein complex-one (OCPC) method before and after implantation. There was a strong correlation between OCPC pre- and postimplantation and μ-CT measured TMC (R(2)=0.96 preimplant; R(2)=0.90 postimplant) and mineral volume (R(2)=0.96 preimplant; R(2)=0.89 postimplant). The μ-CT technique showed increases in mineral following implantation, suggesting that μ-CT can be used to nondestructively determine the amount of calcium on coated scaffolds.
Fast fault detection for a multiple-plane packet switch (2002)

In high-speed and high-capacity packet switches, system reliability is critical to avoid the loss of a huge amount of information and to avoid re-transmission of traffic. We propose a series of concurrent fault-detection mechanisms for a multiple-plane crossbar-based packet switch. Our switch model, called the m + z model, has m active planes and z spare planes. This switch has distributed arbiters on each plane. The spare planes, used for substitution of faulty active ones, are also used in the fault detection mechanism, thus providing sufficient data redundancy for fault detection and location. Our detection scheme is able to detect a single fault in one time slot without increasing transmission overhead. The proposed schemes can be used for switches with different numbers of active planes and the number of spare planes needed for fault detection is small.
(S)-(+)-Mecamylamine (TC-5214): A Neuronal Nicotinic Receptor Modulator Enters Phase III Trials as an Adjunct Treatment for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) (2010)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXT(S)-(+)-Mecamylamine (TC-5214): A Neuronal Nicotinic Receptor Modulator Enters Phase III Trials as an Adjunct Treatment for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)Craig W. LindsleyCite this: ACS Chem. Neurosci. 2010, 1, 8, 530–531Publication Date (Web):August 18, 2010Publication History Accepted2 August 2010Published online18 August 2010Published inissue 18 August 2010https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cn100070shttps://doi.org/10.1021/cn100070seditorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2010 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1086Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (671 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Diseases and disorders,Inhibitors,Receptors,Safety,Therapeutics Get e-Alerts
A Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Reporter of Histone Phosphorylation in Living Cells (2004)

Eine Zunahme des FRET zeigt die Phosphorylierung von Histon H3 an Serin 28 an. Der proteinbasierte Rezeptor (siehe Bild) reagiert auf die Phosphorylierung mit intramolekularer Komplexbildung zwischen einer von H3 abgeleiteten Substratdomäne und einer damit verknüpften Phosphoserin-Erkennungsdomäne. Der Rezeptor funktioniert auch in lebenden Säugerzellen. FRET=fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2004/z53375_s.html or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Use of Biological Fingerprints Versus Structure/Chemotypes to Describe Molecules (2010)

Abstract Molecules are usually described by their chemical structure and by fingerprints derived from this. These range from 2D structure based, that only represent the underlying structure that gives rise to the properties recognized by a biological target to 3D pharmacophores or molecular interaction fields, that much better represent how the protein binding sites would “see” a molecule. However, all of these have many limitations, including conformation for the 3D structure‐based approaches. More recently, experimental profiling data have been generated that enables a molecule to be described by a fingerprint of binding affinity to a diverse set of biological targets (pharmacological and “antitargets” such as CYP450 metabolic enzymes). These results show that small changes in structure can cause large changes in broad biological profile, and that a structure‐based analysis/clustering of compounds, such as different hits, leads, or clinical candidates, often does not provide a differentiation that is relevant in biological space. The data show that “selective” versus “nonselective” compounds, and the type of off‐target effects are not evident from a “chemotype” approach. The concept of “biological fingerprints” as a better way to describe compounds of biological interest is described in this chapter, focusing on the power of these descriptors versus structure‐based descriptors to differentiate compounds and enable the selection of the best lead compounds.
The Tensile Fatigue Behavior of a GFRP Composite with Rubber Particle Modified Epoxy Matrix (2009)

A thermosetting epoxy polymer was modified by incorporating 9 wt% of a CTBN rubber microparticles. The stress-controlled CA tensile fatigue behavior at stress ratio, R = 0.1 for both the neat and the modified epoxy was investigated. The addition of rubber particles increased the epoxy fatigue life by a factor of about three to four times. The rubber particle cavitation and plastic deformation of the surrounding material was observed to contribute to the enhanced fatigue life of the epoxy polymer. Then, the neat and the rubber-modified epoxy resins were infused into a quasi-isotropic, lay-up E-glass fiber, non-crimp fabric in a RIFT set -up to fabricate GFRP composite panels. Further, the stress-controlled CA tensile fatigue tests at stress ratio, R = 0.1 were performed on both of these GFRP composites. Matrix cracking and stiffness degradation was continuously monitored during the fatigue tests. Similar to bulk epoxy fatigue behavior, the fatigue life of GFRP composites increased by a factor of about three times due to the presence of rubber particles in the epoxy matrix. The suppressed matrix cracking and the reduced crack propagation rates in the rubber-modified matrix contribute towards the enhanced fatigue life of GFRP composites employing a rubber-modified epoxy matrix.
Dimer formation by a “monomeric” protein (2000)

Dimeric proteins can arise by the swapping of structural domains between monomers. The prevalence of this occurrence is unknown. Ribonuclease A (RNase A) is assumed to be a monomer near physiological conditions. Here, this hypothesis is tested and found to be imprecise. The two histidine residues (His12 and His119) in the active site of RNase A arise from two domains (S-peptide and S-protein) of the protein. The H12A and H119A variants have 10(5)-fold less ribonucleolytic activity than does the wild-type enzyme. Incubating a 1:1 mixture of the H12A and H119A variants at pH 6.5 and 65 degrees C results in a 10(3)-fold increase in ribonucleolytic activity. A large quantity of active dimer can be produced by lyophilizing a 1:1 mixture of the H12A and H119A variants from acetic acid. At pH 6.5 and 65 degrees C, the ribonucleolytic activity of this dimer converges to that of the dimer formed by simply incubating the monomers, as expected for a monomer-dimer equilibrium. The equilibrium dissociation constant for the dimer is near 2 mM at both 65 and 37 degrees C. This value of Kd is only 20-fold greater than the concentration of RNase A in the cow pancreas, suggesting that RNase A dimers exist in vivo. The intrinsic ability of RNase A to form dimers under physiological conditions is consistent with a detailed model for the evolution of homodimeric proteins. Dimers of "monomeric" proteins could be more prevalent than is usually appreciated.