gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Budesonide/formoterol vs. salmeterol/fluticasone in COPD: a systematic review and adjusted indirect comparison of pneumonia in randomised controlled trials (2011)

The results of the indirect comparison support the hypothesis that budesonide/formoterol is associated with fewer pneumonia events than salmeterol/fluticasone in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The limitations of the analysis are that the results from a single study, TORCH, have a large bearing on the overall findings of the analysis, and that there is heterogeneity in the length and the dosing of the included studies, although it does not appear that heterogeneity affected the reported results. Another important limitation is the lack of predefined diagnostic standards for pneumonia in these studies.
Direct observation of topological magnetic monopoles using soft x-ray vector ptychography at 10 nm resolution (2022)

We developed soft x-ray vector ptychography at 10 nm spatial resolution without requiring a priori knowledge, which is then used to quantitatively image 3D magnetization vector fields of topological magnetic monopoles and their interactions.
Diagnosis of premenstrual tension syndrome: description and evaluation of a procedure for diagnosis and differential diagnosis (1989)

A method for diagnosing premenstrual tension syndrome (PMS) with daily prospective symptom self-ratings is described. Statistical criteria based on non-parametric statistics are developed for how large a deviation from the ideal PMS pattern is acceptable before the patient is considered significantly different from the ideal PMS pattern.Eighty-two consecutive patients seeking help for PMS were asked to keep daily prospective symptom records for two menstrual cycles. Blood samples for estradiol and progesterone radioimmunoassay were taken at least once weekly. In 80 of the patients ratings in at least one ovulatory cycle were useful. All patients also completed an Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) and were asked for earlier psychiatric history (PH).By using the statistical criteria it was possible to divide the patients into three categories. Group 1, patients with only symptoms during the premenstrual phase ‘pure PMS’ (30%); Group 2, patients with a ‘premenstrual aggravation’ of negative symptoms existing during the whole menstrual cycle (56%); and Group 3, patients with no relationship between the symptom variations and different phases of the menstrual cycle (14%). Group 1 showed significantly lower neuroticism score on the EPI and had a significantly lower frequency of patients with earlier PH than both Groups 2 and 3.
Application- and user-sensitive privacy enforcement in mobile systems (2015)

The mobile era is marked by exciting opportunities for utilization of contextual information in computing. Applications from different categories -- including commercial and enterprise email, instant messaging, social, banking, insurance and retail -- access, process and transmit over the network numerous pieces of sensitive information, such as the user's geographical location, device ID, contacts, calendar events, passwords, and health records, as well as credit-card, social-security, and bank-account numbers. Understanding and managing how an application handles private data is a significant challenge. There are not only multiple sources of such data (including primarily social accounts, user inputs and platform libraries), but also different release targets (such as advertising companies and application servers) and different forms of release (for example, passwords transmitted in the clear, hashed or encrypted). To the end users, and particularly those who are not tech savvy, it is nontrivial to manage these complexities. In response, we have designed Labyrinth, a system for privacy enforcement. The unique features of Labyrinth are (i) an intuitive visual interface for configuration of the privacy policy, which consists of enriched app screen captures annotated with privacy-related information, combined with (ii) a lightweight mechanism to detect and suppress privacy threats that is completely decoupled from the host platform. Labyrinth supports both Android and iOS. In this paper, we describe the Labyrinth architecture and illustrate its flow steps.
Reduced stability and pH-dependent activity of a common obesity-linked PCSK1 polymorphism, N221D (2019)

Common mutations in the human prohormone convertase (PC)1/3 gene (PCKSI) are linked to increased risk of obesity. Previous work has shown that the rs6232 single-nucleotide polymorphism (N221D) results in slightly decreased activity, although whether this decrease underlies obesity risk is not clear. We observed significantly decreased activity of the N221D PC1/3 enzyme at the pH of the trans-Golgi network; at this pH, the mutant enzyme was less stable than wild-type enzyme. Recombinant N221D PC1/3 also showed enhanced susceptibility to heat stress. Enhanced susceptibility to tunicamycin-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress was observed in AtT-20/PC2 cell clones in which murine PC1/3 was replaced by human N221D PC1/3, as compared with wild-type human PC1/3. However, N221D PC1/3-expressing AtT-20/PC2 clones processed proopiomelanocortin to α-MSH similarly to wild-type PC1/3. We also generated a CRISPR-edited mouse line expressing the N221D mutation in the PCKSI gene. When homozygous N221D mice were fed either a standard or a high-fat diet, we found no increase in body weight compared with their wild-type sibling controls. Sexual dimorphism was observed in pituitary ACTH for both genotypes, with females exhibiting lower levels of pituitary ACTH. In contrast, hypothalamic α-MSH content for both genotypes was higher in females compared with males. Hypothalamic corticotropin-like intermediate peptide content was higher in wild-type females compared with wild-type, but not N221D, males. Taken together, these data suggest that the increased obesity risk linked to the N221D allele in humans may be due in part to PC1/3-induced loss of resilience to stressors rather than strictly to decreased enzymatic activity on peptide precursors.
Effective 1,5-, 1,6- and 1,7-remote stereocontrol in reactions of alkoxy- and hydroxy-substituted allylstannanes with aldehydes (2011)

Alk-2-enylstannanes with 4-, 5- and 6-alkoxy- or -hydroxy-substituents are transmetallated stereoselectively with tin(iv) halides to generate allyltin trihalides which react with aldehydes to give (Z)-alk-3-enols with useful levels of 1,5-, 1,6- and 1,7-stereocontrol. Alk-2-enylstannanes with a stereogenic centre bearing a hydroxy or alkoxy group at the 4-, 5- or 6-position, react with overall (Z)-1,5-, 1,6- and 1,7-syn-stereoselectivity with respect to the hydroxy and alkoxy substituents. The analogous reactions of alkoxy- and -hydroxyalk-2-enylstannanes with a methyl bearing stereogenic centre at the 4- or 5-position react with overall (Z)-1,5- and 1,6-anti-stereoselectivity with respect to the hydroxy and methyl substituents.
Strategy towards fusion of nano and micro systems (2002)

This report describes the strategy after the Micromachine Research and Development project. The proposal was made in a committee meeting primary attended by members of the Micromachine Center that was held last fiscal year. It is concluded that the combination of NANOstructures on MICROsystems (NANO-ON-MICRO) plays a very important role for nanotechnology as well as conventional manufacturing technology. To promote this strategic approach, the action taken immediately is mentioned as three in one: infrastructure, consulting service and grant for innovative ideas. The innovative ideas are surely appearing from the promising area of manufacturing, e.g. multimaterial MEMS/NEMS, 3D MEMS/NEMS, micro/nanomanipulation, and design/simulation.
Liver Fibrosis: Noninvasive Assessment with MR Elastography versus Aspartate Aminotransferase–to-Platelet Ratio Index (2007)

Large A(z) values for elasticity (>0.990 for scores > or = F2, > or = F3, and F4) show that MR elastography was accurate in liver fibrosis staging and superior to biochemical testing with APRIs.
Effects of High Current Density at Nanoscale Point Contacts (2008)

We examine the electrical/thermal contact between Pt-coated pyramidal Si probes and a 100 nm thick Au film using conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM). For all tips, the series resistance after initial contact was not a strong function of applied force over the observed range. Mechanical contact in this range of forces without an applied voltage between tip and Au film did not produce any observable tip deformation or wear as determined by SEM examination. Changes in tip morphology after applying voltage between the tips and Au film can be attributed to two different mechanisms. At relatively high applied voltages, evidence for tip melting was observed. Increases in tip/film contact resistance as a function of applied power allows an estimate of the thermal resistance experienced by heat generated at the tip and flowing to thermal ground. In addition to tip damage caused by melting, evidence was also seen of current induced welding of the Pt coating to the Au film in the absence of any significant heating at low applied voltages (10 mV). To explain the observation in the absence of sufficient temperature rise to induce melting, we characterize electromigration in the C-AFM and examine the maximum permissible current density of tips with different sizes as a function of stress.
Stability analysis and optimal control of multi-server wireless queueing systems (2012)

lnternet, preter, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans le monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, sur support microforme, papier, electronique et/ou autres formats.
Mucin Gene Expression in Reflux Laryngeal Mucosa: Histological andIn SituHybridization Observations (2014)

Objectives/Hypothesis. To determine if laryngopharyngeal reflux alters mucin gene expression in laryngeal mucosa. Methods. In situ hybridization was employed to study the expression of the 8 well-characterised mucin genes MUC1-4, 5AC, 5B, 6, and 7 in reflux laryngeal mucosa from laryngeal ventricles, posterior commissures, and vocal folds compared to control/normal laryngeal mucosa. Results. MUC1-5 genes are expressed in normal and reflux laryngeal mucosa. MUC1, 3 and 4 are expressed in respiratory and squamous mucosa whereas MUC2 and 5AC are expressed in respiratory mucosa only. MUC3, 4 and 5AC are downregulated in reflux mucosa. MUC5AC expression is significantly reduced in the 3 mucosal sites and when mucosal type was taken into account, this remains significant in combined laryngeal and ventricular mucosa only. Conclusions. MUC3, 4 and 5AC expression is downregulated in laryngopharyngeal reflux. This may be due to laryngeal mucosal metaplasia and/or alteration of mucin gene expression in the preexisting mucosa. Altered mucin gene expression might predispose laryngeal mucosa to the damaging effect of reflux.
Technical Program (2016)

Higher microvascular density with tortuous and irregular vessels are hallmarks of cancer vasculature. These alterations can be captured by contrast ultrasound dispersion imaging (CUDI) and acoustic angiography (AA) at different scales: CUDI aims at obtaining an implicit measure of structural alteration by determining the dispersion kinetics of contrast agents. At a smaller scale, AA images the vascular architecture by detecting the high-frequency components generated with ultrasound contrast agents (UCA). This work shows the performance of these techniques by imaging cancerous and control regions in 3 rat xenograft models. Furthermore, it investigates the diagnostic value of the vascular features extracted using CUDI and AA with the aim to answer the question: does CUDI reveal changes in vascular tortuosity?
Three-dimensional super-resolution microscopy in thicker specimens using adaptive optics (2021)

Adaptive optics facilitates super-resolution microscopy in thicker specimens by compensating aberrations arising from refractive index variations. We show imaging results from advanced super-resolution systems, including structured illumination, 4pi single molecule and 4pi isoSTED microscopes.
Electrochemical Sensing of Glucose Using Glucose Oxidase/PEDOT:4-Sulfocalix [4]arene/MXene Composite Modified Electrode (2022)

Glucose is one of the most important monosaccharides found in the food, as a part of more complex structures, which is a primary energy source for the brain and body. Thus, the monitoring of glucose concentration is more important in food and biological samples in order to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Herein, an electrochemical glucose biosensor was fabricated by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOX) onto poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):4-sulfocalix [4]arene (PEDOT:SCX)/MXene modified electrode. For this purpose, firstly, PEDOT was synthesized in the presence of SCX (counterion) by the chemical oxidative method. Secondly, MXene (a 2D layered material) was synthesized by using a high-temperature furnace under a nitrogen atmosphere. After that, PEDOT:SCX/MXene (1:1) dispersion was prepared by ultrasonication which was later utilized to prepare PEDOT:SCX/MXene hybrid film. A successful formation of PEDOT:SCX/MXene film was confirmed by HR-SEM, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and Raman spectroscopies. Due to the biocompatibility nature, successful immobilization of GOX was carried out onto chitosan modified PEDOT:SCX/MXene/GCE. Moreover, the electrochemical properties of PEDOT:SCX/MXene/GOX/GCE was studied through cyclic voltammetry and amperometry methods. Interestingly, a stable redox peak of FAD-GOX was observed at a formal potential of -0.435 V on PEDOT:SCX/MXene/GOX/GCE which indicated a direct electron transfer between the enzyme and the electrode surface. PEDOT:SCX/MXene/GOX/GCE also exhibited a linear response against glucose concentrations in the linear range from 0.5 to 8 mM. The effect of pH, sensors reproducibility, and repeatability of the PEDOT:SCX/MXene/GOX/GCE sensor were studied. Finally, this new biosensor was successfully applied to detect glucose in commercial fruit juice sample with satisfactory recovery.
Supplementary Tables 1-5 from CHK1 Inhibition Is Synthetically Lethal with Loss of B-Family DNA Polymerase Function in Human Lung and Colorectal Cancer Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Tables - ST1: Significant siRNA hits identified from the large-scale synthetic lethal siRNA screen combined with SRA737 in A549 cells. ST2: Significant siRNA hits identified from the large-scale synthetic lethal siRNA screen combined with SRA737 in SW620 cells. ST3: CI (exclusive) values for combination treatment with SRA737 plus either aphidicolin, CD437 or gemcitabine in a panel of NSCLC and colorectal cancer cell lines. ST4: Key genetic aberrations in the total panel of NSCLC and colorectal cancer cell lines used. ST5: GI50 values for SRA737, aphidicolin, CD437 and gemcitabine as single agents in the total panel of NSCLC and colorectal cancer cell lines used.&lt;/p&gt;
Metalcone and Metalcone/Metal Oxide Alloys Grown Using Atomic and Molecular Layer Deposition (2011)

Atomic and molecular layer deposition (ALD &amp; MLD) techniques can be used to fabricate various hybrid organic-inorganic polymer films. One class of hybrid organic-inorganic films are metal alkoxide polymers that are formed from organometallic precursors and organic alcohols. These metal alkoxide polymers are called "metalcones". The metalcones can also be mixed with metal oxides to grow metalcone/metal oxide alloys. This paper will overview some of the new metalcones and metalcone/metal oxide alloys that can be grown and some of their properties. Zircone MLD films were grown using zirconium tert-butoxide (ZTB) and ethylene glycol (EG) at 145°C. Alucone alloy films were grown by combining Al2O3 ALD and alucone MLD at 135°C. Zircone alloy films also were fabricated by combining ZrO2 ALD and zircone MLD at 145°C. These new materials offer a tool set for engineering the functional properties of thin films.
GaN Nanowire n-MOSFET with 5 nm Channel Length for Applications in Digital Electronics (2017)

We study the performance of GaN nanowire n-MOSFETs (GaN-NW-nFETs) with a channel length, Lg = 5 nm based on fully ballistic quantum transport simulations. Our simulation results show high ION = 1137μA/μm and excellent on-off characteristics with Q = gm/SS = 188 μS-decade/μm-mV calculated for Ioff = 1 nA/μm and VGS = VDS = VCC = 0.5 V. These results represent: 1) ∼ 15% higher Ion than Si-NW-nFET and 2) ∼ 17% better Q than Si-NW-nFET, all with Lg = 5 nm, thus suggesting the GaN n-channel, an intriguing option for application in logic at sub-10-nm channel length. The superior performance of the GaN channel compared with Si and other semiconductors at this scaled dimension can be attributed to its relatively higher effective mass of electron and lower permittivity.
Construction of Cells Expressing Neurotrophins (2003)

The ability to introduce genes of neurotrophic factors into eukaryotic cells provides a novel way to study neurobiological processes in vitro and in vivo (1–6). To study the functional role of the growth factors in vivo, genetically modified cells expressing neurotrophin have been grafted in the central nervous system (CNS) (2,3,6). In different animal models of CNS degenerative diseases, neurotrophic factors secreted from grafted cells can prevent neuronal degeneration and promote functional recovery after injury (1–11). The neurotrophin family is comprised of nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and neurotrophin-4/5 (NT-4/5) (12–14). Although structurally similar, they differ in their regional and temporal distribution, receptor specificity, and biological activity. NGF, the first prototypic neurotrophin, is synthesized as part of a large precursor protein within which mature, bioactive NGF occupies the C-terminal half, and the N-terminal half contains a signal peptide (18 amino acid) preceding a large pro region. The pro sequence in combination with the signal (pre) sequence is necessary for the secretion of correctly processed, biologically active NGF (15). All neurotrophins show considerable structural homology to NGF and contain similar signal peptide and pro sequences.
Ultralong Organic Phosphorescent Foams with High Mechanical Strength (2021)

Ultralong organic phosphorescence (UOP) has aroused enormous interest in recent years. UOP materials are mainly limited to crystals or rigid host-guest systems. Their poor processability and mechanical properties critically hamper practical applications. Here, we reported a series of ultralong phosphorescent foams with high mechanical strength. Phosphorescence lifetime of the foam can reach up to 485.8 ms at room temperature. Impressively, lightweight gelatin foam can bear a compressive pressure of 4.44 MPa. Moreover, phosphorescence emission of polymer foam can be tuned from blue to orange through varying the excitation wavelength. Experimental data and theoretical calculations revealed that ultralong phosphorescence was ascribed to the fixation of multiple hydrogen bonds to the clusters of carbonyl groups. These results will allow for expanding the scope of luminescent foams, providing an ideal platform for developing ultralong phosphorescent materials with high mechanical strength.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cardiovascular comorbidity (2019)

In recent years, a greater understanding of the heterogeneity and complexity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has come from the point of view of an integrated clinical assessment of severity, pathophysiology, and the relationship with other pathologies. A typical COPD patient suffers on average 4 or more concomitant diseases and every day about a third of patients take from 5 to 10 different drugs. The mechanisms of the interaction of COPD and cardiovascular disease (CVD) include the effects of systemic inflammation, hyperinflation (hyperinflation) of the lungs and bronchial obstruction. The risk of developing CVD in patients with COPD is on average 2-3 times higher than in people of a comparable age in the general population, even taking into account the risk of smoking. The prevalence of coronary heart disease, heart failure, and rhythm disturbances among COPD patients is significantly higher than in the general population. The article discusses in detail the safety of prescribing various groups of drugs for the treatment of CVD in patients with COPD. Achieving success in understanding and managing patients with COPD and CVD is possible using an integrated multidisciplinary approach.
Chimie et physico-chimie des polymères Ed. 3 (2014)

L'impact des polymeres sur la vie quotidienne est aujourd'hui considerable. Dans cet ouvrage, l'elaboration, la structure et l'essentiel des proprietes chimiques et physiques des systemes macromoleculaires sont presentes. Ce cours est consacre aux concepts fondamentaux de la science macromoleculaire. Ainsi, les conditions de la reaction (repetee de multiples fois) lors de l'addition d'une unite monomere sont particulierement etudiees, car cela conditionnera la taille du polymere et sa regularite structurale et donc ses proprietes macroscopiques. Un autre aspect des polymeres etudie dans ce manuel concerne leur nature ambivalente a la fois visqueuse et elastique. Cette nouvelle edition, entierement actualisee, met en valeur les relations qui existent maintenant entre la chimie des polymeres et la chimie supramoleculaire.
Effect of moisture on the dielectrophoretic spectra of glass spheres (1993)

Variable-frequency measurements (from 10 to 10/sup 5/ Hz) on individual glass particles ( approximately 50 mu m diameter) were performed, using an automated computer-controlled dielectrophoretic levitator. The particles were suspended in silicone oil after either of two treatments: long-term exposure to a water-saturated atmosphere, or drying in a low temperature oven ( approximately 250 degrees C). The moisture treatment caused in increase of several orders of magnitude in the Maxwell-Wagner polarization relaxation frequency. Heat drying was observed to decrease any Maxwell-Wagner relaxation below the 10 Hz limit of the levitator. Uncertainties about the interrelationship of surface adsorption of water by the glass particles and the dissolved water content of the silicone oil exist, but it seems that the relaxation frequency shifts are due to changes in water concentration at the glass/water interface. The measurement capability demonstrated has implications with respect to the controversy surrounding the influence of moisture content on the performance of electrorheological fluids.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>