gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimized color gamuts for tiled displays (2003)

We consider the problem of finding a large color space that can be generated by all units in multi-projector tiled display systems. Viewing the problem geometrically as one of finding a large parallelepiped within the intersection of multiple parallelepipeds, and using colorimetric principles to define a volume-based objective function for comparing feasible solutions, we develop an algorithm for finding the optimal gamut in time O(n^3), where n denotes the number of projectors in the system. We also discuss more efficient quasiconvex programming algorithms for alternative objective functions based on maximizing the quality of the color space extrema.
Model-based design of time-triggered real-time embedded systems for digital manufacturing (2015)

This work presents a novel Model-Based Design (MBD) approach and associated tool-chain for the IEC 61131-3 specific Programmable Logical Controllers (PLC) [2]. Our tool-chain automatically synthesizes software for manufacturing Time-Triggered Real-time Embedded (TTRE) systems. A Software-In-the-Loop Simulation (SILS) framework integrated into our tool-chain helps to reduce the design iterations. Using a manufacturing robot-arm use-case, we validate our tool-chain and demonstrate a 39x improvement in the Quality-of-Control (QoC) when compared to the state-of-the-art approach [1]. Our auto-generated scheduler meets all the hard real-time constraints (zero deadline misses) for a given TTRE system when compared to the scheduler (e.g., 145 deadline misses for a CPU utilization of 95%) presented in [13].
Supplementary Movie SM4 from Tumor-Penetrating iRGD Peptide Inhibits Metastasis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Movie SM4. Tumor cell migration on CRGDC silver nanoparticles&lt;/p&gt;
A MEMS Structure for Measuring the Fracture Strength of Thin Films (1998)

Abstract A surface micromachined structure for measuring the fracture strength of thin films used in MEMS has been developed [1.2]. The test structure consists of a rigid central shuttle which is suspended above the substrate by folded flexures. Extending from the shuttle are six cantilever beams of varying lengths. As the shuttle is pushed by an off-chip probe, the beams hit contact pads, which are attached to the substrate, and bend until they break. A vernier gauge inside the central shuttle allows measurement of the displacement to within 0.2μm. Optical micrographs of the fracture test structure and of a single bending beam are shown in Figure 1.
Proteinase inhibition, immunoglobulin‐binding proteins and a novel antimicrobial principle (1990)

Summary Recent work has demonstrated that a tripeptide derivative mimicking the active proteinase‐binding site of cystatin C, a human cysteine proteinase inhibitor, can block growth of group A streptococci and replication of herpes simplex virus (HSV). In the case of HSV, intact cystatin C was also found to inhibit replication of the virus. Many streptococcal strains and HSV‐infected cells produce immunoglobulin (Ig)‐binding proteins, and a possible connection between such proteins and proteolytic activity was indicated by the finding that bacterial Ig‐binding proteins also show affinity for proteinase inhibitors. The significance of these various observations is not clear, but available data suggest that proteinases play a role in vital microbial functions (e.g. viral replication) and may be utilized as targets for antimicrobial agents. The results discussed here also indicate that peptide derivatives based on the structure of proteinase inhibitors occurring in nature could be used as such agents.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1- and Cytomegalovirus-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Can Persist at High Frequency for Prolonged Periods in the Absence of Circulating Peripheral CD4+T Cells (2000)

CD4(+) T cells are thought to be critical in the maintenance of virus-specific CD8(+) cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) responses. In human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, a selective decline in HIV-1-specific CTL as the CD4(+) T-cell count decreases has been reported. Using HLA-peptide tetrameric complexes, we show the presence at high frequency of HIV-1- and cytomegalovirus-specific CD8(+) T cells when the peripheral CD4(+) T-cell count was low or zero in three HIV-1-infected patients. No direct virus-specific CD8(+)-mediated effector activity was seen in these subjects, suggesting antigen unresponsiveness, although tetramer-sorted cells could be expanded in vitro in the presence of interleukin-2 into responsive effector cells. Thus, virus-specific CD8(+) T cells can be maintained in the peripheral circulation at high frequency in the absence of circulating peripheral CD4(+) T cells, but these cells may lack direct effector activity. Strategies designed to overcome this antigen unresponsiveness may be of value in therapies for the treatment of AIDS.
The Influence of Anion Composition on Subgap Density of States and Electrical Characteristics in ZnON Thin-Film Transistors (2018)

The influence of anion composition on the electrical characteristics of amorphous zinc-oxynitride thin-film transitors (TFTs) is investigated and quantitatively modeled, with emphasis on the subgap density of states (DOS). As the ratio of N to (N + O) increases, the density of valence band tail states increases, followed by narrowing of the bandgap and a decrease in the density of conduction band tail states, which in turn is followed by either a higher field-effect mobility or a better subthreshold swing; each of these effects is explained. Furthermore, the anion composition dependence of the transconductance degradation at a high bias is analyzed on the basis of the proposed model. In addition, the effects of the N/(N + O) ratio on carrier density and field-effect mobility are quantitatively explained by the ionized nitrogen vacancy ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {N}}^{{1.3}+}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) model observed in shallow donor peak in the DOS and by the charge-controlled mobility model, respectively. Finally, the effect of nanocrystalline structure mixed with amorphous on transport properties is discussed.
Treatment of Thoracic Scoliosis (2009)

Similar coronal and sagittal plane correction was achieved in thoracic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with 3 different constructs. There was a trend toward improved correction of clinical rib hump deformity with MONO screw constructs compared with POLY screw constructs.
Inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis increases venular permeability and alters endothelial actin cytoskeleton (1998)

Inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis using N G -nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) or N G -monomethyl-l-arginine (l-NMMA) increases venular permeability in the rat mesentery (I. Kurose, R. Wolf, M. B. Grisham, T. Y. Aw, R. D. Specian, and D. N. Granger. Circ. Res. 76: 30–39, 1995), but the cellular mechanisms of this response are not known. This study was performed to determine whether such venular leaks are associated with changes in the endothelial actin cytoskeleton. In anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats, the microvasculature of a mesenteric window was perfused with buffered saline, with or without 10 −5 M l-NAME,l-NMMA, or the inactive enantiomer N G -nitro-d-arginine methyl ester for 3 or 30 min. FITC-albumin was added to the perfusate for the last 3 min. The vasculature was perfusion fixed, stained for filamentous actin and for mast cells, and viewed microscopically. In control preparations, venules showed few FITC-albumin leaks and the endothelial actin cytoskeleton consisted of a peripheral rim along the cell-cell junctions. Preparations treated withl-NAME orl-NMMA showed significantly more leakage, the actin rims in leaky venules were discontinuous, and short, randomly oriented fibers appeared within the cells. In nonleaky venules, the peripheral actin rims sometimes contained small, equally spaced discontinuities not seen in control preparations. Although a mast cell stabilizer was used, 27–70% of the mast cells were degranulated in the presence ofl-NMMA. Thus inhibition of NO synthesis alters the endothelial cytoskeleton and increases albumin leakage from mesenteric venules, either directly or indirectly via the involvement of mast cells.
Analysis of Edge-Optimized Deep Learning Classifiers for Radar-Based Gesture Recognition (2021)

The increasing significance of technology in daily lives led to the need for the development of convenient methods of human-computer interaction (HCI). Given that the existing HCI approaches exhibit various limitations, hand gesture recognition-based HCI may serve as a more intuitive mode of human-machine interaction in many situations. In addition, the system has to be deployable on low-power devices for applicability in broadly defined Internet of Things (IoT) and smart home solutions. Recent advances exhibit the potential of deep learning models for gesture classification, whereas they are still limited to high-performance hardware. Embedded neural network accelerators are constrained in terms of available memory, central processing unit (CPU) clock speed, graphics processing unit (GPU) performance, and a number of supported operations. The aforementioned problems are addressed in this paper by namely two approaches - simplifying the signal processing pipeline to avoid recurrent structures and efficient topological design. This paper employs an intuitive scheme allowing for the generation of the data in the compressed form from the sequence of range-Doppler images (RDI). Thus, it allows for the design of a neural classifier avoiding the usage of recurrent layers. The proposed framework has been optimized for Intel <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup> Neural Compute Stick 2 (Intel <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup> NCS 2), at the same time achieving promising classification accuracy of 97.57%. To confirm the robustness of the proposed algorithm, five independent persons have been involved in the algorithm testing process.
Motivating co-ordination of power management solutions in data centers (2007)

Power and cooling are emerging to be key challenges in data center environments. A recent IDC report estimated the worldwide spending on enterprise power and cooling to be more than $30 billion and likely to even surpass spending on new server hardware. Server rated power consumptions have increased by nearly 10X over the past ten years. This has led to increased spending on cooling and power delivery equipment. A 30,000 square feet 10MW data center can need up to five million dollars of cooling infrastructure; similarly, power delivery beyond 60 Amps per rack can pose fundamental issues. The increased power also has implications on electricity costs, with many data centers reporting millions of dollars for annual usage. From an environmental point of view, the Department of Energy’s 2007 estimate of 59 billion KWhrs spent in U.S. servers and data centers translates to several million tons of coal consumption and greenhouse gas emission per year. The U.S. Congress recently passed Public Law 109—431, directing the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to study enterprise energy use, and several industry consortiums such as the GreenGrid have been formed to address these issues. In addition, power and cooling can also impact compaction and reliability.
Nano Day: Celebrating the Next Decade of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (2016)

Nanoscience and nanotechnology are poised to contribute to a wide range of fields, from health and medicine to electronics, energy, security, and more. These contributions come both directly in the form of new materials, interfaces, tools, and even properties as well as indirectly by connecting fields together. We celebrate how far we have come, and here, we look at what is to come over the next decade that will leverage the strong and growing base that we have built in nanoscience and nanotechnology.
A long-distance high-power microwave wireless power transmission system based on asymmetrical resonant magnetron and cyclotron-wave rectifier (2020)

This paper demonstrates the analysis of a long-distance high-power microwave wireless power transmission (MWPT) system based on asymmetrical resonant magnetron and cyclotron-wave rectifier. In the system, the novel magnetron with the asymmetrical resonant cavity, the straps, and the output loop coupling circuit can effectively promote the beam–wave interaction, suppress the mode competition, and enhance the output coupling, which results in a 400 kW output microwave power with a conversion efficiency of 45%. The transceiver Cassegrain antenna system with its simple structure, high conversion efficiency, and high power capacity can attain an integral power transmission efficiency of 2.6% at 10 km distance. The cyclotron-wave rectifier with high efficiency and single-tube high power capacity can achieve 85% microwave to DC conversion efficiency. Finally, the long-distance high-power MWPT system can achieve 8.5 kW DC power with about 1% DC–DC transmission efficiency at the operating 2.45 GHz frequency and for the 10 km distance. Such a system is likely a potential and attracting solution to remotely power the fuel-free aerial vehicle from the ground, can also provide electrical power to an isolated mountain top or an island, and even an alternative to transmit the power from space solar power satellite in geostationary orbit to the ground.
4D Radial Acquisition Contrast-Enhanced MR Angiography and Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations (2009)

We have developed a 4D radial acquisition contrast-enhanced MRA sequence capable of imaging intracranial AVMs approximating that of DSA. Image analysis demonstrates equivalency in terms of grading AVMs using the Spetzler-Martin grading scale. This 4D rCE-MRA sequence has the potential to avoid some applications of DSA, thus saving patients from potential procedural risks.
Ambipolar all-polymer bulk heterojunction field-effect transistors (2009)

We demonstrate solution processable all-polymer based field-effect transistors (FETs) exhibiting comparable electron and hole mobilities. The semiconducting layer is a bulk heterojunction of poly{[N,N′-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-naphthalene-1,4,5,8-bis(dicarboximide)-2,6-diyl]-alt-5,5′-(2,2′-bithiophene)} (n-type polymer) and regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (p-type polymer). These polymers form a type-II heterojunction as revealed by the faster photoluminescence dynamics of the blend compared to the pristine materials. An electron mobiliy of 4 × 10−3 cm2/V s and a hole mobility of 2 × 10−3 cm2/V s were extracted from the transfer characteristics of bottom contact FETs. The balanced mobilities suggest that the active layer is a fine network of the two components, as confirmed by atomic force microscopy phase images.
Low Loss Online Capacitor Tuning Method for Reactive Power Reduction of Inductive Wireless Power Transfer System Under Misalignment (2020)

In an inductive wireless power transfer system, unavoidable lateral misalignment between the transmitter and the receiver leads to reactive power, which reduces the powertransfer-efficiency and limits the maximum output power under given input voltage. A tunable capacitor provides access to achieve low reactive power and maintain high power-transfer-efficiency. In this paper, the effects of misalignment on power transfer performance is investigated. A conventional capacitor tuning method is analyzed, and its limitations are identified. An innovative low loss online capacitor tuning method is proposed to automatically achieve low reactive power and maintain high power-transfer-efficiency under misalignment. The proposed designs are evaluated via simulation.
High-reflectivity SBS phase conjugate mirror (2009)

This paper reports studies of the performance of a phase-conjugate mirror (PCM) with its operation based on the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) of the focused laser beam in ultra-pure fluorocarbon FC-75 (C<sub>8</sub>F<sub>18</sub>). A pulsed laser with 15-ns pulse width from a home-made injection seeded single frequency MOPA configuration Nd:YAG laser with variable output energy (from several mJ to 300 mJ) was used as a coherent light source in these experiments. The PCM reflectivity better than 90% has been achieved at optimized focusing conditions of an incoming beam, and the output energy of the phase conjugate pulse linearly followed the input pulse energy after reaching the threshold level of about 3.3 mJ. The slope efficiency was estimated to be approximately 95% without taking into account of losses in some optical components, including the thin film polarizer. We believe that a higher level of PCM efficiency can be achieved with more careful selection of the critical optical components, including the thin film polarizer, quarter-wave plate and focusing lens.
Magnetically Separable Chiral Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica Nanoparticles (2020)

We describe, for the first time, a successful strategy for synthesizing chiral periodic mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (PMO NPs). The chiral PMO nanoparticles were synthesized in a sol–gel process under mild conditions; their preparation was mediated by hydrolysis and condensation of chiral-bridged organo-alkoxysilane precursor compounds, (OR‘)3Si-R-Si(OR‘)3, in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant. The resulting nanoparticles were composed merely from a chiral- bridged organo-alkoxysilane monomer. These systems were prepared by applying different surfactants and ligands that finally afforded monodispersed chiral PMO NPs consisting of 100% bridged-organosilane precursor. In addition, the major advancement that was achieved here was, for the first time, success in preparing magnetic chiral PMO NPs. These nanoparticles were synthesized by the co-polymerization of 1,1′-((1R,2R)-1,2-diphenylethane-1,2-diyl)bis(3-(3-(triethoxysilyl) propyl) urea) chiral monomer by an oil in water (o/w) emulsion process, to afford magnetic chiral PMO NPs with magnetite NPs in their cores. The obtained materials were characterized with high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), solid-state NMR analysis, circular dichroism (CD) analysis, and nitrogen sorption analysis (N2-BET).
Regulatory Prospect of the VoIP Service in Wireless/Mobile Environment (2006)

When the Internet phone service, generally PC-to-Phone, first entered into the telecommunications service market, no regulatory issues were arisen to manage the service within the regulatory framework because of it's low quality, no phone number assignment and etc. However, almost the same quality, more applications and cheaper price compared with the fixed telecommunications service, have changed the regulator’s policy allowing Internet phone service within market mechanism. While incumbent fixed telecommunications service enterprises had given with tremendous duties to continue the job categorized ‘facilities-based telecommunication service provider’, and which can be unreasonable and unfair if Internet phone service enterprises are allowed to enter into the fixed telecommunications market without any regulation. Thus, new regulatory framework has worked for the Internet phone service named the VoIP service generally in the fixed telecommunications market. Recently, VoIP is provided not only in the fixed telecommunications market but also in the mobile market as Wi-Fi phone is feasible in the wireless LAN environment. Furthermore, bundled service of Wi-Fi and cellular phone service will be launched soon, and the next version will be the mobile VoIP service operating like a cellular phone service. Hence, we will meet similar situation when the VoIP service enters into the fixed telecommunications service market. And, in this paper, we prospect the regulatory issues arising when the wireless or mobile VoIP service enterprises enter the mobile market, by analyzing possible scenarios.
Combining Static and Dynamic Data Coalescing in Unified Parallel C (2015)

Significant progress has been made in the development of programming languages and tools that are suitable for hybrid computer architectures that group several shared-memory multicores interconnected through a network. This paper addresses important limitations in the code generation for partitioned global address space (PGAS) languages. These languages allow fine-grained communication and lead to programs that perform many fine-grained accesses to data. When the data is distributed to remote computing nodes, code transformations are required to prevent performance degradation. Until now code transformations to PGAS programs have been restricted to the cases where both the physical mapping of the data or the number of processing nodes are known at compilation time. In this paper, a novel application of the inspector-executor model overcomes these limitations and allows profitable code transformations, which result in fewer and larger messages sent through the network, when neither the data mapping nor the number of processing nodes are known at compilation time. A performance evaluation reports both scaling and absolute performance numbers on up to 32,768 cores of a Power 775 supercomputer. This evaluation indicates that the compiler transformation results in speedups between 1.15x and 21x over a baseline and that these automated transformations achieve up to 63 percent the performance of the MPI versions.
Distributed metadata in a high performance computing environment (2023)

A computer-executable method, system, and computer program product for managing meta-data in a distributed storage system, wherein the distributed storage system includes one or more burst buffers enabled to operate with a distributed key-value store, the co computer-executable method, system, and computer program product comprising receiving a request for meta-data associated with a block of data stored in a first burst buffer of the one or more burst buffers in the distributed storage system, wherein the meta data is associated with a key-value, determining which of the one or more burst buffers stores the requested metadata, and upon determination that a first burst buffer of the one or more burst buffers stores the requested metadata, locating the key-value in a portion of the distributed key-value store accessible from the first burst buffer.
Comparing supply and demand models for future photovoltaic power generation in the USA (2018)

Abstract We explore the plausible range of future deployment of photovoltaic generation capacity in the USA using a supply‐focused model based on supply‐chain growth constraints and a demand‐focused model based on minimizing the overall cost of the electricity system. Both approaches require assumptions based on previous experience and anticipated trends. For each of the models, we assign plausible ranges for the key assumptions and then compare the resulting PV deployment over time. Each model was applied to 2 different future scenarios: one in which PV market penetration is ultimately constrained by the uncontrolled variability of solar power and one in which low‐cost energy storage or some equivalent measure largely alleviates this constraint. The supply‐focused and demand‐focused models are in substantial agreement, not just in the long term, where deployment is largely determined by the assumed market penetration constraints, but also in the interim years. For the future scenario without low‐cost energy storage or equivalent measures, the 2 models give an average plausible range of PV generation capacity in the USA of 150 to 530 GW dc in 2030 and 260 to 810 GW dc in 2040. With low‐cost energy storage or equivalent measures, the corresponding ranges are 160 to 630 GW dc in 2030 and 280 to 1200 GW dc in 2040. The latter range is enough to supply 10% to 40% of US electricity demand in 2040, based on current demand growth.