gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The 1/f Noise Performance for TFTs Fabricated in Three TFT Technologies: Monocrystalline Silicon on Glass, Low Temperature Polysilicon on Glass, and Silicon on Insulator (2010)

The 1/f noise characteristics were measured for CMOS devices fabricated in three different process technologies: conventional SOI (SmartCut), monocrystalline silicon on glass (SiOG) and low temperature polysilicon (LTPS). Noise slope and bias current parameters, from the SPICE2 low frequency noise model, were extracted from the 1/f measurements. The SPICE2 noise coefficient parameter, Kf, was extracted for each device. SOI PMOS (which exhibit the least amount of 1/f noise) establish a baseline noise level to compare TFT technologies against. SiOG and LTPS PMOS devices exhibit noise coefficients that were 1.89 and 2.93 times larger than the SOI PMOS device, respectively. The degraded 1/f performance of SiOG and LTPS devices when compared to SOI can be linked to the silicon-silicon dioxide interface trap density. All devices exhibited similar 1/f noise slopes, between 0.8 and 0.98, where processing variations were found to correspond to low slope values.
50-km SMF transmission of 50-Gb/s 16 QAM generated by quad-parallel MZM (2008)

We investigated transmission of 50Gb/s 16QAM over 50km SMF. 16QAM was electro-optically synthesized with a quad-parallel MZM; demodulated by off-line digital homodyne employing electric equalizers.
Echocardiographic right ventricle longitudinal contraction indices cannot predict ejection fraction in post-operative Fallot children (2011)

Three conventional echocardiographic indices based on RV longitudinal contraction failed to assess the EF in our population of post-operative tetralogy of Fallot patients.
Abstract A15: Inflammation-dependent deregulation of the tumor suppressor Pdcd4 (2011)

Abstract Tumor suppressor Pdcd4 was shown to inhibit the helicase activity of eIF4A and consequently to suppress the translation of mRNAs with structured 5′UTRs. As a result, Pdcd4 inhibits transformation, migration, and invasion in vitro and tumorigenesis in vivo. Recent reports indicate that Pdcd4 protein levels are attenuated in various human tumor types. Loss of Pdcd4 was not attributable to mutational inactivation, instead miR-21-dependent translational repression and p70S6K1-mediated, phosphorylation-dependent attenuation of Pdcd4 protein stability emerged as important mechanisms of Pdcd4 regulation. In this study, we characterize the mechanism of Pdcd4 regulation under inflammatory, tumor-promoting conditions. Our data indicate that Pdcd4 protein is lost in human tumor cells exposed to an inflammatory environment generated by activated macrophages. Downregulation of Pdcd4 required activation of PI3K-mTOR-p70S6K1-signaling and was attributable to a markedly reduced Pdcd4 protein half-life resulting from increased proteasomal degradation. Functionally, Pdcd4 protein levels inversely correlated with AP-1 transactivation, migration, and invasion. Based on the proposed mechanism of Pdcd4 regulation, we further developed an assay to identify compounds interfering with tumor-promoter induced degradation of Pdcd4. Identified hit compounds will provide a source for novel, translation-oriented approaches for tumor therapies. In summary, we suggest that p70S6K1-dependent phosphorylation and subsequent proteasomal degradation of Pdcd4 protein is a key mechanism in the regulation of the tumor suppressor Pdcd4 under inflammation-associated, tumor-promoting conditions. Consequently, we put forward stabilization of Pdcd4 as a novel tumor therapeutic approach and identify novel compounds disrupting Pdcd4's phosphorylation-dependent destabilization during tumorigenesis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Second AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; 2011 Sep 14-18; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(18 Suppl):Abstract nr A15.
Sensitivity analysis applied to the pyrolysis of charring and non-charring materials under a cone calorimeter (2022)

A sensitivity analysis is performed using the Morris method to prioritize the input parameters of a pyrolysis model according to their degree of influence on the heat release rate (HRR). Moreover, this sensitivity analysis aims determining possible interactions between the input parameters. Indeed, this important aspect is original and at our best knowledge has never been studied in the past. Two materials are studied under cone calorimeter: a non-charring (poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)) and a charring one (polyvinyl chloride (PVC)). Different thicknesses and external heat fluxes are studied to determine their effects on the parameters influence. With regard to PMMA, the most influent parameters are the activation energy, the emissivity, the density and the heat capacity. For the PVC, the most influent parameters are the activation energies. For the PVC, this study showed the existence of interactions between input parameters. This result is original and shows the importance of considering this in sensitivity analysis studies.
A Characterization Study of a Nanowire‐Network Transistor with Various Channel Layers (2009)

The performance of a ZnO network transistor is studied by means of the change in threshold slope with varying number of nanowire channel layers. The threshold slope broadens as the number of layers in the channel increases and, in the case of a two-layer channel, a double turn-on effect can be observed. The gate-field simulation shows gate-field distortion by the surface of the nanowire.
Development, evaluation, and testing of an active ultrasonic cross-correlation coal-slurry flowmeter (1986)

This paper describes the development of an active ultrasonic cross-correlation flowmeter at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL). The flowmeter includes transducer standoffs for high-temperature application, an integrated electronic package for signal generation and conditioning, and data processing software operating on an IBM-AT computer. The flowmeter has been tested for coal/water and coal/oil slurries over a wide range of concentration at the ANL Solid/Liquid Flow Test Facility (SLFTF) and at the SRC-1 coal-slurry feedline. Test results leading to the selection of standoff design, operating frequency, signal filtering, and transducer spacing are discussed. Flowmeter performance is evaluated in terms of accuracy, response time, and consistency. 6 refs., 11 figs.
Multimaterial piezoelectric fibres &#x2014; Fibers that can hear and sing (2011)

We present a novel technique of using thermal drawing approaches to create piezoelectric fibers that allows electrical modulation of acoustic and optical property of micro-structured fibers. Large-area piezoelectric fabrics with dynamically-controlled optical responses are envisioned.
Electrochemical Study and Material Characterization ofxSiO·(1-x)Sn30Co30C40Composite Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries (2013)

A novel composite anode material, SiO·SnxCoyCz, has attracted much attention because of its good cycle life and high capacity. Seven compositions of xSiO·(1-x)Sn30Co30C40, where 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, were prepared by mechanical ball milling (SPEX). The milled materials were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), pair distribution function (PDF), and electrochemical testing. The XRD and PDF data show that CoSn is the main phase and is detected in all seven samples. As the amount of SiO increases, CoSn2 is formed. Also with increasing SiO, the reversible specific capacity of the composite anode materials increases, but the cycle performance declines. The composition of 50 wt% SiO-50 wt% Sn30Co30C40 gives the best electrochemical performance, a reversible capacity of 633 mAh/g after 50 cycles. X-ray and neutron PDF techniques were used to probe the local structure of as-milled 50 wt% SiO-50 wt% Sn30Co30C40. Ex-situ XRD and PDF study for samples taken at different cutoff voltages reveals a phase transformation during charge/discharge via an intercalation/conversion reaction. The full cell (i.e., Li1.2Ni0.15Co0.10Mn0.55O2 vs. 50 wt% SiO-50 wt% Sn30Co30C40 with solid lithium metallic powder coating) achieves 72% capacity retention in 200 cycles.
A novel method to detect mutation in DNA by utilizing exponential amplification reaction triggered by the CRISPR-Cas9 system (2021)

We, herein, describe a novel method to detect mutation in DNA by utilizing exponential amplification reaction (EXPAR) triggered by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9, called CRISPR-EXPAR. The CRISPR system consisting of two Cas9/sgRNA complexes was designed to cut out a specific mutation region within the target DNA, which would consequently promote EXPAR by continuously repeated extension and nicking reactions. As a consequence, a large number of final EXPAR products, which can be monitored through duplex-specific fluorescent staining, are produced. Based on this design principle, we successfully identified a model target mutation within the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) gene down to 437 aM with excellent specificity. The practical capability of this method was verified by reliably identifying the target mutation directly from the genomic DNA (gDNA) extracted from the lung cancer cell line, NCI-H1781 (H1781), and its universal applicability was further confirmed by identifying another EFGF L858R mutation. This technique could serve as a new isothermal platform to identify various mutations by rationally redesigning single guide RNA (sgRNA) according to the target mutation site.
Characterization of the interactions of a polycationic, amphiphilic, terminally branched oligopeptide with lipid A and lipopolysaccharide from the deep rough mutant of Salmonella minnesota (1996)

The lipid A and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding and neutralizing activities of a synthetic, polycationic, amphiphilic peptide were studied. The branched peptide, designed as a functional analog of polymyxin B, has a six residue hydrophobic sequence, bearing at its N-terminus a penultimate lysine residue whose α- and E-amino groups are coupled to two terminal lysine residues. In fluorescence spectroscopic studies designed to examine relative affinities of binding to the toxin, neutralization of surface charge and fluidization of the acyl domains, the peptide was active, closely resembling the effects of polymyxin B and its nonapeptide derivative; however, the synthetic peptide does not induce phase transitions in LPS aggregates as do polymyxin B and polymyxin B nonapeptide. The peptide was also comparable with polymyxin B in its ability to inhibit LPS-mediated IL-1 and IL-6 release from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The synthetic compound is devoid of antibacterial activities and did not induce conductance fluxes in LPS-containing asymmetric planar membranes. These results strengthen the premise that basicity and amphiphilicity are necessary and sufficient physical properties that ascribe endotoxin binding and neutralizing activities, and further suggest that antibacterial/membrane perturbant and LPS neutralizing activities are dissociable, which may be of value in designing LPS-sequestering agents of low toxicity.
A Half-Bridge On-State Voltage Sensor for In-Situ Measurements (2022)

Current prognostics for life expectancy of power semiconductors utilize off-line measurements of the on-state resistance. Presented is a half-bridge (HB) on-state voltage (VON) sensor capable of being utilized for in-situ measurements enabling continuous and real-time monitoring of the on-state resistance. The design provides a single VON measurement output that contains independent VON information of both high and low side devices in a HB leg. The measurement output is referenced from the middle point of the HB and combines the two complementary VON sensing outputs. This system reduces the number of components, required number of analog signal processing circuits, and ADC channels for in-situ health monitoring of a power electronics system. These reductions will facilitate integration of the VON sensor with the gate driver board and achieve low system profile. The experimental results demonstrate the proposed VON measurements while switching with inductive and resistive loads.
A novel floating gate spacer polysilicon TFT (2002)

This paper reports on a new polysilicon NMOS TFT device utilizing a polysilicon floating gate spacer (FGS) to reduce the OFF-state leakage current and suppress the kink effect while maintaining a reasonable ON current. The new device has demonstrated a better ON/OFF current ratio than both conventional non-LDD TFT devices and LDD devices with oxide spacers. The device structure is simple and self-aligned. The FGS concept applies to both active matrix liquid crystal displays (AMLCD) and SRAM applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Infrared Spectra of C2H6, C2H4, C2H2, and CO2 Aerosols Potentially Formed in Titan’s Atmosphere (2009)

Pure and mixed aerosols of ethane, ethylene, acetylene and carbon dioxide were generated in a collisional cooling cell and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy between 600 and 4000 cm(-1). Pure ethane, pure ethylene, and mixed ethane/ethylene initially form supercooled liquid droplets, which over time crystallize to their stable solid phases. These droplets are found to be long-lived (up to hours) for pure ethane and mixed ethane/ethylene, but short-lived (up to seconds) for pure ethylene. Acetylene and carbon dioxide form solid aerosol particles. Acetylene particles have a partially amorphous structure, while carbon dioxide particles are crystalline. The structure of the infrared bands of carbon dioxide is strongly determined by the particles' shape due to exciton coupling. The comparison of various mixed systems reveals that acetylene very efficiently induces heterogeneous crystallization. As reported earlier, the co-condensation of acetylene and carbon dioxide can lead to the formation of a metastable mixed crystalline phase. Our preliminary calculations show that this mixed phase has a monoclinic rather than the cubic structure proposed previously.
Smooth contour estimation in data-driven pitch modelling (2001)

Apple's next-generation text-to-speech (TTS) system in MacOS X uses a superpositional pitch model, comprising a relatively smooth underlying F0 contour and a separate contribution from the in uence of the phonetic segments. This paper focuses on the data-driven modelling of the underlying contour, based on electroglottographic signals obtained from a corpus of reiterant speech. F0 extraction from such signals leads to more accurate characteristic shapes, as objectively illustrated by a typically low mean absolute frequency deviation (between 2 and 3 Hz) between original and synthetic F0 contours. This in turn supports a better (both more complete and more realistic) model of F0 behavior. Experimental results illustrate the improved prosodic representation resulting from this F0 model.
Light‐activated Antibacterial Surfaces Comprise Photosensitizers (2011)

Antibacterial surfaces were prepared using a base polyethylene sheet topped with a layer containing a mixed powder of poly (vinylidene fluoride) and photosensitizers (PSs). A crimpled stamp was placed on the mixed powder, and then it was passed through a heating and pressing device. The three chosen PSs were rose bengal, toluidine blue O and methylene blue. Scanning electron microscope analysis showed that the PS surface texture was coarse and highly developed. Measurement of the apparent contact angles of the droplets deposited on the PS surfaces using goniometry showed that all three surfaces were hydrophobic. Photodynamic analysis of the surfaces into which the PSs were incorporated indicated significant reactive oxygen species formation after illumination with light fluency rate of 1.46 mW cm(-2) for 30 min. Photodynamic inactivation assays performed in nutrient broth demonstrated more than 4 log reduction of the attached Escherichia coli after illumination (1.46 mW cm(-2)) for 24 h when the inoculum was 10(3) CFU mL(-1). However, more than 4 log reduction of Staphylococcus aureus occurred even when the cultures were illuminated for only 6 h. Our results provide an inexpensive, simple, state-of-the-art method for preparing antibacterial surfaces that may help prevent infections in hospital surroundings and in some medical devices.
Energy-loss structure in core-level photoemission satellites ofSrTiO3,SrTiO3:La,andSrTiO3:Nb (2000)

The core-level x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) satellites of single-crystalline ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3},$ ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}:\mathrm{La},$ and ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}:\mathrm{Nb}$ in situ fractured in ultrahigh vacuum were compared with the electron-energy-loss spectrum and theoretical electron-energy-loss functions from first-principles electronic structure calculations. Experimental core-level XPS satellites of O $1s$ can be represented by peaks positioned at 6.1, 11.7, 14.2, 17.2, 19.7, 27.4, and 30.6 eV. The prominent features of theoretical electron-energy-loss functions agreed with those in the experimental satellites except the peaks around 20 eV.
Editorial: Adaptive optics for in vivo brain imaging (2023)

EDITORIAL article Front. Neurosci., 31 March 2023Sec. Brain Imaging Methods Volume 17 - 2023 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2023.1188614
A discussion of yield modeling with defect clustering, circuit repair, and circuit redundancy (1990)

The mathematical foundation of common integrated--circuit yield models based on the assumption that the yield is dominated by random point defects is discussed. Various mathematical models which are commonly used to account for defect clustering are given a physical interpretation and are compared mathematically and graphically. A yield model applicable when the repair of some defects in a chip is possible is developed and discussed. Simple yield models for systems with two-fold block redundancy and triple modular redundancy in the presence of defect clustering are developed. and the implications for overall system yield are discussed. It is shown that the yield of systems with circuit redundancy can be substantially affected by defect clustering and, hence, that a correct understanding of defects and yield is essential to predict the yields and costs of wafer-scale products.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Small Molecule Inhibitors of USP1 Target ID1 Degradation in Leukemic Cells and Cause Cytotoxicity (2013)

Abstract ID1 (inhibitor of DNA-binding-1) is a member of the helix-loop-helix family of transcriptional regulatory proteins. The ID-family of proteins (ID1-ID4) inhibit the DNA binding of transcription factors which regulate cellular differentiation and proliferation. Accordingly, deregulation of ID proteins has been observed in many cancer types including leukemia. High levels of ID1 expression are found in primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) samples and correlate with poor prognosis. ID1 is also identified as a common downstream target of the oncogenic tyrosine kinases, BCR-ABL, TEL-ABL and FLT3-ITD. In addition, Id1 has been shown to promote a myeloproliferative disease in mice, and knockdown of ID1 expression inhibits leukemic cell growth. Therefore, ID1 is an excellent candidate for targeted therapy in leukemia. However, suitable drugs to target ID1 have not been developed to date. ID1 is normally polyubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome. Recently, it has been shown that USP1, a ubiquitin specific protease, deubiquitinates ID1 and rescues it from proteasome degradation. Inhibition of USP1 therefore offers a new avenue to target ID1 in cancer. Here, using a Ubiquitin-Rhodamine-based high throughput screen, we identified small molecule inhibitors of USP1 and investigated their therapeutic potential for leukemia. These inhibitors blocked the deubiquitinating enzyme activity of USP1 in vitro in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 in the nanomolar range, and also targeted the enzyme activity of native USP1. To determine the cellular consequences of USP1 inhibition, we exposed leukemic cells to micromolar concentrations of the inhibitors and evaluated ID1 levels and survival. USP1 inhibitors promoted the degradation of ID1 and, concurrently, inhibited the growth (&gt;90% inhibition in 24 hrs) of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and AML cell lines with induction of apoptosis in a dose dependent manner. The EC50 of the inhibitors for the leukemic cell growth inhibition was approximately 1.07 μM ± 0.08 (95% Confidence Limits). Interestingly, exposure to low doses of USP1 inhibitor for 5 days in culture resulted in erythroid differentiation of K562 leukemic cells. A known USP1 inhibitor, Pimozide, also promoted ID1 degradation and inhibited growth of leukemic cells (&gt;90% inhibition in 48 hrs), though at a higher drug concentrations as compared to the novel USP1 inhibitors. Importantly, the novel USP1 inhibitors promoted ID1 degradation and exhibited cytotoxicity (&gt;90% death in 48 hrs) in primary AML patient-derived leukemic cells. Notably, siRNA-mediated knockdown of USP1 in K562 leukemic cells resulted in growth inhibition, increased apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the novel small molecule inhibitors of USP1 promote ID1 degradation and are cytotoxic to leukemic cells. The identification of USP1 inhibitors therefore opens up a new approach for leukemia therapy. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Path Negotiation for Self-interested Multirobot Vehicles in Shared Space (2020)

This paper addresses the problem of path negotiation among self-interested multirobot operators in shared space. In conventional multirobot path planning problems, most of the research thus far has focused on the coordination and planning of collision-free paths for multiple robots with some common objectives. On the contrary, the recent progress of technologies in autonomous vehicles, including automated guidance vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles, and manned autonomous cars, has increased demand for solving coordination and conflict avoidance in these autonomous and self-interested agents that pursue their own objectives. In this research, we tackle this problem from the operator perspective. We assume a problem setting where collisions between robots are avoided based on path reservation and negotiation. Under that circumstance, we propose a task-oriented utility function and a path negotiation algorithm for robot operators to maximize their task utility during path negotiation. The simulation and experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness of our task-based negotiation method over a simple path-based negotiation approach.
A detailed description of an economical setup for electroporation of chick embryos in ovo (2013)

One of the challenges of the postgenomic era is characterizing the function and regulation of specific genes. For various reasons, the early chick embryo can easily be adopted as an in vivo assay of gene function and regulation. The embryos are robust, accessible, easily manipulated, and maintained in the laboratory. Genomic resources centered on vertebrate organisms increase daily. As a consequence of optimization of gene transfer protocols by electroporation, the chick embryo will probably become increasingly popular for reverse genetic analysis. The challenge of establishing chick embryonic electroporation might seem insurmountable to those who are unfamiliar with experimental embryological methods. To minimize the cost, time, and effort required to establish a chick electroporation assay method, we describe and illustrate in great detail the procedures involved in building a low-cost electroporation setup and the basic steps of electroporation.