gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: ENZYME‐CATALYZED TRANSHYDROGENATION BETWEEN NICOTINAMIDE COFACTORS AND ITS APPLICATION IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS (1982)

Abstract Es werden drei praktische Systeme beschrieben, die eine Transhydrogenierung zwischen NAD(H)‐ und NADP(H)‐Cofaktoren bewirken [Gleichung (A)], und ihre Anwendung bei Problemen der praktischen Synthese wird demonstriert.
The kinetics and temporal expression of T-cell activation-associated antigens CD15 (LeuM1), CD30 (Ki-1), EMA, and CD11c (LeuM5) by benign activated T cells. (1992)

Cell surface antigens, including CD71 (T9), CD38 (T10), HLA-DR, CD25 (IL2-R), CD15 (LeuM1), CD30 (Ki-1), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), and CD11c (LeuM5), have been identified on the surface of neoplastic T-cells. The significance of this expression is unknown since the expression of these antigens by benign T cells has not been fully investigated. In this study the kinetics, temporal relation and hierarchy of expression of these eight cell surface antigens by purified normal peripheral blood T cells following activation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) were investigated using one- and two-color flow cytometry. All eight antigens were expressed in a hierarchical manner following activation of normal peripheral blood T cells with PHA. The sequence of antigen expression and the initial time point of this expression was: CD38, < 24 h; CD71, CD25, 24 h; EMA, HLA-DR, CD15, 48-72 h; CD30, 72 h; and CD11c, 96-120 h. The maximum percentage of T cells expressing each antigen and the time point of maximum expression was: CD38 96% at 14 and 17 days; CD71 88%, CD25 94%, EMA 55%, and CD30 31% at 96 h; CD15 56% at 120 h; HLA-DR 30% at 168 h; and CD11c 42% at 240 h. The expression of these 8 antigens clustered into six distinct immunophenotypic constellations: Group I: None; Group II: CD38 with CD71 and/or CD25; Group III: CD38, CD71, CD25 with HLA-DR, CD15 and/or EMA; Group IV: CD38, CD71, CD25, EMA, HLA-DR with CD15, CD30 and/or CD11c; Group V: CD38, CD25, CD11c with CD71, EMA and/or HLA-DR; Group VI: CD38 with CD25 and/or CD11c. Finally, EMA and CD11c were preferentially expressed by CD4 and CD8 T cells, respectively. In summary, these results demonstrate that all eight antigens (1) are associated with T-cell activation, (2) are expressed in a hierarchical manner following activation, and (3) that this expression clusters into distinct immunophenotypic constellations.
Coda (2014)

Readings of an interconnected set of poems by William Carlos Williams and Wallace Stevens present the pragmatic possibilities of retaining agency over death practices and shed light on the pedagogy of modernism in the face of another’s death.
High Field Dynamic Nuclear Polarization At 6.7 T: Carbon-13 Polarization Above 70% Within 20 Min (2012)

International audience
What is wrong with you?: Leveraging User Sentiment for Automatic Dialog Evaluation (2022)

Accurate automatic evaluation metrics for open-domain dialogs are in high demand. Existing model-based metrics for system response evaluation are trained on human annotated data, which is cumbersome to collect. In this work, we propose to use information that can be automatically extracted from the next user utterance, such as its sentiment or whether the user explicitly ends the conversation, as a proxy to measure the quality of the previous system response. This allows us to train on a massive set of dialogs with weak supervision, without requiring manual system turn quality annotations. Experiments show that our model is comparable to models trained on human annotated data. Furthermore, our model generalizes across both spoken and written opendomain dialog corpora collected from real and paid users.
Enabling efficient multi-layer repair in elastic optical networks by gradually superimposing SDN (2016)

Multi-layer resilience is one of the prominent new concepts for modern carrier networks; it efficiently combines the advantages of the optical and the packet layer. However, not all features offered by modern optical transport networks can be fully used by the packet layer yet. In case of a fiber cut, an optical protection mechanism restores the original IP topology after a short transient time. But such an optical restoration is expected to use a new, longer light-path, which in turn might affect the optical capacity of the link. Bit-rate flexible optical transceivers are able to utilize the remaining optical capacity efficiently by adapting the network link capacity accordingly. However, the packet layer is not able to cope with fluctuating link capacities; often the policy is to rather shut down the link completely instead of using the remaining capacity. Consequently, this paper proposes a Segment Routing-based approach with superimposed Software-defined Networking (SDN) to allow the IP network to benefit from these new features. The minimally invasive, gradual deployment of the system is investigated, while keeping other proven and resilient technologies and systems unmodified. Using the topology and traffic matrix of a large German carrier the feasibility of such a deployment is evaluated.
Ducted combustion systems utilizing duct-exit tabs (2023)

A ducted combustion system is disclosed. The ducted combustion system includes a combustion chamber bound by a flame deck surface of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine and by a piston top surface of a piston disposed within the internal combustion engine. The system includes a fuel injector including one or more orifices, the one or more orifices injecting fuel into the combustion chamber as at least one fuel jet. The system includes at least one duct disposed within the combustion chamber between the flame deck surface and the piston top surface, the at least one duct including one or more structural tabs proximate to an outlet of the at least one duct and being disposed such that the at least one fuel jet, at least partially, enters one of the at least one duct upon being injected into the combustion chamber.
Standard negation in Awa Pit: From synchrony to diachrony (2019)

Abstract This study deals with clausal negation in Awa Pit, a Barbacoan language spoken in South America. By bringing together the data on negation from different varieties of the language, we present an analysis of synchronic patterns of negation marking. Based on the variation we suggest a number of innovations in the negation system, for which we put forward diachronic scenarios. Some innovations are likely to be contact-induced, whereas others are products of language-internal diachronic processes. The latter involve mechanisms associated with a classical ‘Jespersen Cycle’. However, Awa Pit offers us very non-classical Jespersen’s Cycles – at best. The case of Awa Pit is instructive as some of the scenarios that we suggest are likely to be relevant for other languages or languages families.
Data from A Novel Pharmacologic Activity of Ketorolac for Therapeutic Benefit in Ovarian Cancer Patients (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; We previously identified the R-enantiomer of ketorolac as an inhibitor of the Rho-family GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42. Rac1 and Cdc42 regulate cancer-relevant functions, including cytoskeleton remodeling necessary for tumor cell adhesion and migration. This study investigated whether administration of racemic (R,S) ketorolac after ovarian cancer surgery leads to peritoneal distribution of R-ketorolac, target GTPase inhibition in cells retrieved from the peritoneal cavity, and measureable impact on patient outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Eligible patients had suspected advanced-stage ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer. Secondary eligibility was met when ovarian cancer was confirmed and optimally debulked, an intraperitoneal port was placed, and there were no contraindications for ketorolac administration. R- and S-ketorolac were measured in serum and peritoneal fluid, and GTPase activity was measured in peritoneal cells. A retrospective study correlated perioperative ketorolac and ovarian cancer–specific survival in ovarian cancer cases.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Elevated expression and activity of Rac1 and Cdc42 was detected in ovarian cancer patient tissues, confirming target relevance. Ketorolac in peritoneal fluids was enriched in the R-enantiomer and peritoneal cell GTPase activity was inhibited after ketorolac administration when R-ketorolac was at peak levels. After adjusting for age, AJCC stage, completion of chemotherapy, and neoadjuvant therapy, women given perioperative ketorolac had a lower hazard of death (HR, 0.30; 95% confidence interval, 0.11–0.88).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Ketorolac has a novel pharmacologic activity conferred by the R-enantiomer and R-ketorolac achieves sufficient levels in the peritoneal cavity to inhibit Rac1 and Cdc42, potentially contributing to the observed survival benefit in women who received ketorolac. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 21(22); 5064–72. ©2015 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Decomposition analysis of molecular resists to further CD control (2009)

We have designed and synthesized molecular resist material, which has just only two part protecting groups in one molecule (Prot-Mad-2). The resist can resolve below 30 nm hp pattern. We analyzed decomposition reaction using Prot-Mad-2 at the un-exposed and exposed area quantitatively by taking advantage of its property of high purity and simple structure. From the HPLC results, it was found that main decomposition reaction was deprotection of Prot-Mad-2. The ratio of one part de-protected material (Deprot-1-prot-Mad-1) and fully de-protected material (Deprot-2) changed with exposure dose. It was found that exposure dose of surface roughness maximum coincided with the exposure dose where materials of two-part protection, one part de-protection and fully de-protection existed equally in the resist film. Furthermore, dissolution rates of Prot-Mad-2, Deprot-1-prot-Mad-1 and Deprot-2 were totally different. It is considered that surface roughness was generated by different dissolution rates in the presence of Prot-Mad-2, Deprot-1-prot-Mad-1 and Deprot-2. Our result suggests that reducing a variety of dissolution rates at exposed and un-exposed boundary is a key to improve line edge roughness (LER).
Synthesis and Characterization of Artificial Red Cell (ARC) (1992)

An unsaturated lipid made from 2,4-octadecadienoic acid was used as a component of phospholipid vesicles. The vesicles (0.2 micron phi) was prepared by an extrusion method, and the unsaturated lipid was polymerized with gamma-ray. Vesicles constructed from the polylipid show enormous stability during long term storage in frozen state and can be handled easily. Negative effect could not be confirmed in vitro tests. This system satisfies all the physiological conditions, such as oxygen transport ability and solution properties as a blood substitute.
Why Ohmic Heating? Advantages, Applications, Technology, and Limitations (2014)

Ohmic heating will occur regardless of whether or not the current is direct or alternating. Nevertheless, all known food applications involve alternating polarities. This is dictated by the occurrence of electrolysis within DC systems, and the ready availability of alternating power. Increasingly, however, power supplies use a variety of frequencies that may be different from the local power supply.
Toward fairness in AI for people with disabilities SBG@a research roadmap (2020)

AI technologies have the potential to dramatically impact the lives of people with disabilities (PWD). Indeed, improving the lives of PWD is a motivator for many state-of-the-art AI systems, such as automated speech recognition tools that can caption videos for people who are deaf and hard of hearing, or language prediction algorithms that can augment communication for people with speech or cognitive disabilities. However, widely deployed AI systems may not work properly for PWD, or worse, may actively discriminate against them. These considerations regarding fairness in AI for PWD have thus far received little attention. In this position paper, we identify potential areas of concern regarding how several AI technology categories may impact particular disability constituencies if care is not taken in their design, development, and testing. We intend for this risk assessment of how various classes of AI might interact with various classes of disability to provide a roadmap for future research that is needed to gather data, test these hypotheses, and build more inclusive algorithms.
Phyto-oestrogens and bone health (2008)

As oestrogen deficiency is the main cause in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis hormone-replacement therapy remains the mainstay for prevention. However, prophylaxis by hormone-replacement therapy is limited. Phyto-oestrogens, which are weakly-oestrogenic compounds present in plants, deserve particular mention because emerging data support the suggestion that they may prevent bone loss associated with the menopause. In the past few years extensive research using animal models has provided convincing data to indicate a significant improvement in bone mass or other end points following feeding with soyabean. Moreover, observational studies relate the lower incidence of osteoporosis among women in the Eastern world to a diet rich in phyto-oestrogens. However, it is not valid to extrapolate to the Western situation. The varied clinical trials that have been published suggest that isoflavones reduce bone loss in women in the early period post menopause, but a definitive result requires more investigations of the effect of phyto-oestrogens on bone health that have substantial sample size and are of long duration. In addition, the clinical efficacy of soya foods in preventing osteopenia depends on their intestinal metabolism. Thus, phyto-oestrogens are a source for putative innovative dietary health intervention for post-menopausal women. However, more data are necessary, particularly in relation to their effect on the risk of fracture.
A Load-Balanced Parallel and Distributed Sorting Algorithm Implemented with PGX.D (2017)

Sorting has been one of the most challenging studied problems in different scientific researches. Although many techniques and algorithms have been proposed on the theory of having efficient parallel sorting implementation, however achieving desired performance on different types of the architectures with large number of processors is still a challenging issue. Maximizing parallelism level in applications can be achieved by minimizing overheads due to load imbalance and waiting time due to memory latencies. In this paper, we present a distributed sorting algorithm implemented in PGX. D, a fast distributed graph processing system, which outperforms the Spark's distributed sorting implementation by around 2x-3x by hiding communication latencies and minimizing unnecessary overheads. Furthermore, it shows that the proposed PGX. D sorting method handles dataset containing many duplicated data entries efficiently and always results in keeping balanced workloads for different input data distribution types.
Sanctuary Trail: Refuge from Internet DDoS Entrapment (CMU-CyLab-12-013) (2018)

We propose STRIDE, a new Internet architecture that provides strong DDoS defense mechanisms for both public services and private end-to-end communication. This new architecture presents several novel concepts including long-term static paths, bandwidth allocation through a top-down topology discovery protocol, dynamic bandwidth allocation via network capabilities, and differentiated packet prioritization. In concert, these mechanisms provide 1) a strong static class bandwidth guarantee, 2) strongly guaranteed capability establishment for private end-to-end communication, and a linear waiting time guarantee in the number of malicious source domains for capability establishment for public services, and 3) globally fair bandwidth allocation for capability-protected flows. STRIDE addresses the denial-of-capability problem and defends against a Coremelt attack by preventing a botnet from crowding out other flows on bottleneck network links. We demonstrate these properties through formal analysis and simulation.
(Leu sup 9. phi. (CH sub 2 NH)Leu sup 10 )-neurokinin A(4-10) (MDL 28,564) distinguishes tissue tachykinin peptide NK sub 2 receptors (1990)

The neurokinin A analogue, MDL 28,564 (Asp-Ser-Phe-Val-Gly-Leu-CH{sub 2}NH-Leu-NH{sub 2}), inhibited {sup 125}I-NKA binding to hamster urinary bladder NK{sub 2} receptors with a K{sub I} of 130 nM. For rat submaxillary gland NK{sub 1} receptors and cerebral cortical NK{sub 3} receptors, the K{sub I}'s for MDL 28,564 were >250 {mu}M and >500 {mu}M, respectively. MDL 28,564 did not relax dog carotid artery (NK{sub 1} tissue) or contract rat portal vein (NK{sub 3} tissue). In guinea pig trachea tissues, MDL 28,564 stimulated phosphatidylinositol turnover and induced contraction with maximum effects similar to those of neurokinin A. In hamster urinary bladder tissue, MDL 28,564 stimulated phosphatidylinositol turnover with maximum effect only 10% of that of neurokinin A, did not produce sustained contraction itself and antagonized NKA-induced contraction. MDL 28,564 also produced full contraction in rabbit pulmonary artery (NK{sub 2} tissue) but was inactive in rat vas deferens (NK{sub 2} tissue). These data with MDL 28,564 are consistent with the NK{sub 2} receptors in guinea pig trachea and rabbit pulmonary artery being different form those in hamster urinary bladder and rat vas deferens.
Mode Control in Large-Mode-Area Fiber Lasers Via Gain Filtering (2009)

Gain filtering of higher-order modes in large-mode-area fibers is experimentally demonstrated. While the beam quality degrades with pumping level in conventional fiber lasers, it remains constant in confined-gain fiber lasers due to gain filtering.
Stable transplantation of human mitochondrial DNA by high-throughput, pressurized mitochondrial delivery (2020)

ABSTRACT Generating mammalian cells with specific mtDNA-nDNA combinations is desirable but difficult to achieve and would be enabling for studies of mitochondria-nucleus communication and coordination in controlling cell fates and functions. We developed ‘MitoPunch’, a force-actuated mitochondrial transfer device, to deliver isolated mitochondria into numerous target mammalian cells simultaneousl y . MitoPunch and MitoCeption, an alternative force-based mitochondrial transfer approach, both yield stable isolated mitochondrial recipient (SIMR) cells that permanently retain exogenous mtDNA, whereas coincubation of mitochondria with cells does not yield SIMR cells. Although a typical MitoPunch or MitoCeption delivery results in dozens of immortalized SIMR clones with restored oxidative phosphorylation, only MitoPunch can produce replication-limited, non-immortal human SIMR clones. The MitoPunch device is versatile, inexpensive to assemble, and easy to use for engineering mtDNA-nDNA combinations to enable fundamental studies and potential translational applications.
Enhanced physical layer security of MIMO-SDM systems through information scrambling (2015)

Using as a security metric the bit error ratio after decoding that a wire-tapping eavesdropper can at best attain, we demonstrate that information scrambling significantly enhances the physical layer security in multiple-input-multiple-output space-division multiplexing (MIMO-SDM).
Towards standoff photothermal spectroscopy of CBRNE hazards using an ultra-fast tunable QCL (2020)

A stand-off photothermal sensor platform has been developed which combines two laser technologies: an external cavity Quantum Cascade Laser (EC-QCL), and a near-infrared laser Doppler vibrometer (NIR-LDV). The former is used as a 'pump' to induce vibrations/acoustic waves in the sample, whereas the latter is used to 'probe' these photothermal (PT) effects as the pump wavelength is varied; yielding spectral information on the target analyte. The EC-QCL uses an acousto-optic deflector (AOD) to obtain single-mode mid-infrared light of high output power with up to 1.6 µm of wavelength tuning. Using this AO based approach allows ultra-fast scanning across the full spectral bandwidth of the QCL gain chip at MHz rates, thus facilitating high speed identification of hazards. Initial validation of this pump-probe platform is demonstrated for the detection of 1,3-dinitrobenzene (DNB) and nitrobenzene (NB) on an aluminium substrate at a distance of several metres.
Compensatory Energetic Relationships between Upstream Activators and the RNA Polymerase II General Transcription Machinery (1998)

Activation of RNA polymerase II transcription in vivo and in vitro is synergistic with respect to increasing numbers of activator binding sites or increasing concentrations of activator. The Epstein-Barr virus ZEBRA protein manifests both forms of synergy during activation of genes involved in the viral lytic cycle. The synergy has an underlying mechanistic basis that we and others have proposed is founded largely on the energetic contributions of (i) upstream ZEBRA binding to its sites, (ii) the general pol II machinery binding to the core promoter, and (iii) interactions between ZEBRA and the general machinery. We hypothesize that these interactions form a network for which a minimum stability must be attained to activate transcription. One prediction of this model is that the energetic contributions should be reciprocal, such that a strong core promoter linked to a weak upstream promoter would be functionally analogous to a weak core linked to a strong upstream promoter. We tested this view by measuring the transcriptional response after systematically altering the upstream and core promoters. Our data provide strong qualitative support for this hypothesis and provide a theoretical basis for analyzing Epstein-Barr virus gene regulation.
Lafora progressive myoclonus epilepsy mutation database-EPM2A and NHLRC1 (EMP2B) genes (2005)

Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsy (PME) of the Lafora type is an autosomal recessive disease, which presents in teenage years with myoclonia and generalized seizures leading to death within a decade of onset. It is characterized by pathognomonic inclusions, Lafora bodies (LB), in neurons and other cell types. Two genes causing Lafora disease (LD), EPM2A on chromosome 6q24 and NHLRC1 (EPM2B) on chromosome 6p22.3 have been identified, and our recent results indicate there is at least one other gene causing the disease. The EPM2A gene product, laforin, is a protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) with a carbohydrate-binding domain (CBD) in the N-terminus. NHLRC1 encodes a protein named malin, containing a zinc finger of the RING type in the N-terminal half and 6 NHL-repeat domains in the C-terminal direction. To date 43 different variations in EPM2A and 23 in NHLRC1 are known, including missense, nonsense, frameshift, and deletions. We have developed a human LD mutation database using a new generic biological database cross-referencing platform. The database, which currently contains 66 entries is accessible on the World Wide Web (http://projects.tcag.ca/lafora). Entries can be submitted via the curator of the database or via a web-based form.
Passive UHF RFID Yarn For Temperature Sensing Applications (2021)

This paper presents an Ultra High Frequency (UHF) Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) temperature sensor integrated into a textile yarn. The tag system consists of a thermistor of which the resistance is sensitive to temperature variation. The theoretical working principle is detailed and validated using electromagnetic simulation. The UHF RFID temperature sensor is fabricated using the E-Thread® technology. Experimental results demonstrate the potential of the sensor for detecting a temperature variation comprised between $25^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$ and $70^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$ through a variation of the reading distance between 4.5 meters to 6.2 meters.