gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differential gene regulation in fibroblasts in coculture with normal oral keratinocytes and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells (2014)

Carcinoma growth requires a supportive tumor stroma. The concept of reciprocal interactions between tumor and stromal cells has become widely acknowledged and the connective tissue activation seen in the malignant process has been likened to that of a healing wound. Little is, however, known about the specific characteristics of these interactions, distinguishing them from the interplay occurring between epithelial and stromal cells in wound healing. In order to study differences in the humoral effects of malignant and benign epithelial cells on fibroblasts, we used an in vitro coculture model with human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells (SCC) or normal oral keratinocytes (NOK) on one side of a semi-permeable membrane and fibroblasts seeded in gels on the other. Pro-collagens α1(I) and α1(III) were more downregulated in NOK cocultures compared to SCC cocultures. IL-1α was identified as a major keratinocyte-derived soluble factor behind the effects observed. We concluded that SCC are less antifibrotic compared to NOK. There was also a differential expression among enzymes involved in ECM turnover. The urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) were both upregulated by NOK, but not by SCC. Here, rIL-1ra caused further upregulation of PAI-1. Global gene expression in fibroblasts was assessed using Affymetrix™ arrays. In total, 82 transcripts were considered differentially expressed; 52 were up- and 30 were downregulated in SCC compared to NOK cocultures. Among the differentially expressed genes there was an enrichment of genes related to collagens and to a nonspecific, innate-type response. The innate response marker pentraxin (PTX3) was upregulated by keratinocyte-derrived IL-1α in both NOK and SCC cocultures. We observed a considerably higher IL-1α / IL-1ra quotient in SCC cocultures, however, while PTX3 mRNA upregulation was higher in SCC cocultures, there was no difference in the level of PTX3 secreted protein. Taken together, we concluded that NOK and SCC regulate genes important for ECM composition and for the innate immune-response differentially. IL-1α was identified as one important mediator of the observed effects. In general, SCC appeared to be more profibrotic in their effects on fibroblasts.
Promising Natural Compounds against Flavivirus Proteases: Citrus Flavonoids Hesperetin and Hesperidin (2021)

Ubiquitous in citrus plants, Hesperidin and Hesperetin flavanones possess several biological functions, including antiviral activity. Arbovirus infections pose an ever-increasing threat to global healthcare systems. Among the severe arboviral infections currently known are those caused by members of the Flavivirus genus, for example, Dengue Virus-DENV, Yellow Fever Virus-YFV, and West Nile Virus-WNV. In this study, we characterize the inhibitory effect of Hesperidin and Hesperetin against DENV2, YFV, and WNV NS2B/NS3 proteases. We report the noncompetitive inhibition of the NS2B/NS3<sup>pro</sup> by the two bioflavonoids with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>) values <5 µM for HST and <70 µM for HSD. The determined dissociation constants (K<sub>D</sub>) of both flavonoids is significantly below the threshold value of 30 µM. Our findings demonstrate that a new generation of anti-flavivirus drugs could be developed based on selective optimization of both molecules.
Asymmetrical Effects of Adaptation to Left- and Right-Shifting Prisms Depends on Pre-existing Attentional Biases (2010)

Proposals that adaptation with left-shifting prisms induces neglect-like symptoms in normal individuals rely on a dissociation between the postadaptation performance of individuals trained with left- versus right-shifting prisms (e.g., Colent, Pisella, & Rossetti, 2000). A potential problem with this evidence is that normal young adults have an a priori leftward bias (e.g., Jewell & McCourt, 2000). In Experiment 1, we compared the line bisection performance of young adults to that of aged adults, who as a group may lack a leftward bias in line bisection. Participants trained with both left- and right-shifting prisms. Consistent with our hypothesis, while young adults demonstrated aftereffects for left, but not right prisms, aged adults demonstrated reliable aftereffects for both prisms. In Experiment 2, we recruited a larger sample of young adults, some of whom were right-biased at baseline. We observed an interaction between baseline bias and prism-shift, consistent with the results of Experiment 1: Left-biased individuals showed a reduced aftereffect when training with right-shifting prisms and right-biased individuals showed a reduced aftereffect when training with left-shifting prisms. These results suggest that previous failures to find generalizable aftereffects with right-shifting prisms may be driven by participants' baseline biases rather than specific effects of the prism itself.
Positive Selection of Tyrosine Loss in Metazoan Evolution (2009)

John Nash showed that within a complex system, individuals are best off if they make the best decision that they can, taking into account the decisions of the other individuals. Here, we investigate whether similar principles influence the evolution of signaling networks in multicellular animals. Specifically, by analyzing a set of metazoan species we observed a striking negative correlation of genomically encoded tyrosine content with biological complexity (as measured by the number of cell types in each organism). We discuss how this observed tyrosine loss correlates with the expansion of tyrosine kinases in the evolution of the metazoan lineage and how it may relate to the optimization of signaling systems in multicellular animals. We propose that this phenomenon illustrates genome-wide adaptive evolution to accommodate beneficial genetic perturbation.
Tumor Microvasculature as a Therapeutic Target During Radiotherapy (2003)

The controversy surrounding the use of antiangiogenic agents during radiotherapy is based upon the concern that the resulting hypoxia will impair tumor response to radiation (1). Tumor hypoxia is a therapeutic problem, as it makes solid tumors resistant to sparsely ionizing radiation and some forms of chemotherapy. Hypoxia also may increase the percentage of tumor cells in G1, resulting in greater resistance to therapy. Recent clinical studies suggest hypoxia can enhance malignant progression and increase aggressiveness through clonal selection and genome changes. In addition, hypoxia is an independent prognostic factor in cervix cancers, carcinomas of the head and neck, and soft-tissue sarcomas. Despite these concerns, recent preclinical studies have suggested that antiangiogenic agents enhance tumor control in response to fractionated irradiation.
Effects of PNPLA3 I148M on hepatic lipid and very‐low‐density lipoprotein metabolism in humans (2021)

Despite the higher liver fat content in PNPLA3 148M homozygotes, there was no increase in VLDL production. Equally, VLDL production was maintained at normal levels despite the putative impairment in cytosolic lipid hydrolysis in these subjects.
Low-dose nesiritide in human anterior myocardial infarction suppresses aldosterone and preserves ventricular function and structure: a proof of concept study (2009)

72 h infusion of low BNP at the time of anterior AMI is well tolerated and biologically active. Patients treated with low-dose BNP had improved LVEF and smaller LV end-systolic volume at 1 month.
A holistic approach to fault management: wheels within a wheel (2010)

Systems with high dependability requirements are increasingly relying on complex on-line fault management systems to function in a wide range of scenarios. Fault management systems involve a combination of multiple steps { monitoring, data analysis, planning and execution { that are typically independently developed and optimized. We argue that it is inecient and ineective to improve any particular fault management step without taking into account its interactions and dependencies with the rest of the steps. Through six real-life examples, we demonstrate this ineciency and how it results in systems that either under-perform or are over-budget. We propose instead a holistic approach to fault management that is aware of, respects, and explicitly considers, the couplings between the dierent
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐ and Ligand‐Accelerated Catalysis of the Baylis—Hillman Reaction. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Nucleic acid molecules encoding isopentenyl monophosphate kinase, and methods of use (2023)

A cDNA encoding isopentenyl monophosphate kinase (IPK) from peppermint (Mentha x piperita) has been isolated and sequenced, and the corresponding amino acid sequence has been determined. Accordingly, an isolated DNA sequence (SEQ ID NO:1) is provided which codes for the expression of isopentenyl monophosphate kinase (SEQ ID NO:2), from peppermint (Mentha x piperita). In other aspects, replicable recombinant cloning vehicles are provided which code for isopentenyl monophosphate kinase, or for a base sequence sufficiently complementary to at least a portion of isopentenyl monophosphate kinase DNA or RNA to enable hybridization therewith. In yet other aspects, modified host cells are provided that have been transformed, transfected, infected and/or injected with a recombinant cloning vehicle and/or DNA sequence encoding isopentenyl monophosphate kinase. Thus, systems and methods are provided for the recombinant expression of the aforementioned recombinant isopentenyl monophosphate kinase that may be used to facilitate its production, isolation and purification in significant amounts. Recombinant isopentenyl monophosphate kinase may be used to obtain expression or enhanced expression of isopentenyl monophosphate kinase in plants in order to enhance the production of isopentenyl monophosphate kinase, or isoprenoids derived therefrom, or may be otherwise employed for the regulation or expression of isopentenyl monophosphate kinase, or the production of its products.
Three-Dimensional Insights into Interfacial Segregation at the Atomic Scale in a Nanocrystalline Glass-Ceramic (2021)

The distribution of dopant atoms plays a key role in the effectiveness of doping, thereby requiring delicate characterizations. In this study, we found that energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) techniques in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) were not adequate to reveal the distribution of yttrium and the chemical composition of the ZrO<sub>2</sub>/SiO<sub>2</sub> heterophase interface in an yttrium-doped ZrO<sub>2</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub> nanocrystalline glass-ceramic. Atom probe tomography (APT) is rarely utilized to characterize ceramics due to some inherent difficulties. However, we successfully revealed the three-dimensional distribution of ZrO<sub>2</sub> nanocrystallites and SiO<sub>2</sub> matrix at the atomic scale with APT under optimized and well-controlled conditions. We also found that the ZrO<sub>2</sub> nanocrystallites had a special core-shell structure, with a thin Zr/Si interfacial layer as a shell and a ZrO<sub>2</sub> solid solution as a core. Yttrium dopants showed interfacial segregation at both ZrO<sub>2</sub> grain boundaries and the ZrO<sub>2</sub>/SiO<sub>2</sub> heterophase interfaces.
A Coupled Asymmetrical Multiple Opening Closing Net with Environmental Sampling System (2005)

Recruitment levels of fishes are potentially related to the abundance of larval fishes and their food source. A system that could allow for the concurrent investigation of fine-scale distribution of fish larvae and their potential prey could add significantly to the understanding of the early life history of marine fishes. A coupled Multiple Opening Closing Net and Environmental Sensing System (MOCNESS) that combines two sub-systems (1 m 2 and 4 m 2 net sets) working in synchronization was designed to answer these questions. The mesh size was different on each set of nets allowing the collection of a broad size range of organisms while optimizing the catch of larger fish larvae and eliminating unnecessary large samples of zooplankton. Moreover, the system eliminated the need to deploy separate MOCNESS using different mesh sizes, thus reducing ship time costs, and avoiding any aliasing associated with trying to sample the same water mass with separate nets fished sequentially. The system has been used at sea under varying weather conditions onboard the R/V F. G. Walton Smith and sampled adequately.
Evaluation of the effect of the loading frequency on Wöhler’s curve parameters of a high modulus asphalt concrete (HMAC) (2021)

The fatigue's behaviour of bituminous materials is affected by the loading frequency. For hot mix asphalt (HMA) with unmodified bitumen, previous research showed a decrease in fatigue life, under strain-control mode, by increasing loading frequency. However, the effect of loading frequency on polymer-modified HMA has not been investigated extensively and researchers have found opposite results using the same testing method in strain-controlled mode. This paper looks at how the loading frequency impacts Wöhler's law parameters (slope and intercept) of a high modulus asphalt concrete (HMAC) made with a polymer-modified bitumen. Under strain-controlled mode, Tensile-Compression tests (TC) on cylindrical samples were carried out at isothermal conditions (θ = 10°C) and three distinct frequencies (5, 10 and 25 Hz). The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was considered to compare Wöhler's law parameters from different frequencies. The results showed no statistical difference in the slope and the intercept values from all studied frequencies.
Regulation of virus-specific natural killer cell memory by IL-10 and TGF-β (CCR4P.207) (2015)

Abstract Natural killer (NK) cells are critical for host control of viral infections and are rapidly activated by pro-inflammatory cytokines. These activating cytokines are thought to be counter-balanced by regulatory cytokines to prevent excessive cytotoxicity or inflammation. This study investigates the role of the immunosuppressive cytokines transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and interleukin (IL)-10 in NK cell development and function, particularly in the generation of effector and memory responses against viral infection. We compared TGF-β-insensitive NK cells (using TGF-βRIIfl/fl x NKp46iCre mice) to NK cells from littermate control mice directly, as well as in mixed bone marrow chimera and adoptive transfer settings. Although they exhibited no obvious defect at steady state, TGF-β-insensitive NK cells revealed greater activation but decreased memory cell formation during mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection. Conversely, IL-10R-deficient mice at steady state contained greater percentages of mature NK cells in all organs. Similar to TGF-β-insensitive NK cells, IL-10R-deficient NK cells were also defective in generation of memory following MCMV infection. These studies reveal a novel and important role for immunosuppressive cytokines in regulating the magnitude of the effector response and in the optimal generation of long-lived NK cells following viral infection.
Design and Synthesis of Potent and Highly Selective Orexin 1 Receptor Antagonists with a Morphinan Skeleton and Their Pharmacologies (2017)

Nalfurafine, a κ-selective opioid receptor agonist, unexpectedly showed a selective antagonist activity toward the orexin 1 receptor (OX<sub>1</sub>R) (K<sub>i</sub> = 250 nM). Modification of the 17-amino side chain of the opioid ligand to an arylsulfonyl group and the 6-furan acrylamide chain to 2-pyridyl acrylamide led to compound 71 with improvement of the antagonist activity (OX<sub>1</sub>R, K<sub>i</sub> = 1.36 nM; OX<sub>2</sub>R, not active) without any detectable affinity for the opioid receptor. The dihydrosulfate salt of 71, freely soluble in water, attenuated the physical dependence of morphine. Furthermore, all of the active nalfurafine derivatives in this study had almost no activity for OX<sub>2</sub>R, which led to high OX<sub>1</sub>R selectivity. These results suggest that nalfurafine derivatives could be a useful series of lead compounds to develop highly selective OX<sub>1</sub>R antagonists.
Crosswell electromagnetic survey: An effective approach for reservoir-scale saturation mapping (2017)

The results of the 3D inversions and saturation mapping of a crosswell electromagnetic (EM) survey conducted between two horizontal wells are presented. The project was designed to understand the remaining fluid saturation in a naturally fractured carbonate reservoir. A crosswell EM survey was acquired between a 1-km-long horizontal water injector and an equally long horizontal producer, spaced 1.3 km apart. This survey was the world's first crosswell survey between two horizontal wells. Extensive pre-survey simulation model results established that the crosswell EM method has sufficient depth of investigation and resolution to define fractures and provide locations of by-passed hydrocarbons in this setting. The acquired data provided a solid foundation for 3D inversions. The final 3D inversion yielded a resistivity model with clearly defined low- and high-resistivity areas. Aided by reservoir simulations, the resistivity model was converted to a 3D water saturation distribution, which connects the low-resistivity volumes with fracture zones filled with water, and high-resistivity volumes with possibly unswept rock matrix. A well was drilled to test an indicated high-resistivity area. The well penetrated an oil column and is currently on production. The resistivity log from the newly drilled well compared favorably with the data extracted from the inverted 3D resistivity model. Presentation Date: Monday, September 25, 2017 Start Time: 2:40 PM Location: 362A Presentation Type: ORAL
Glial Alkalinization Detected In Vivo by 1H‐15N Heteronuclear Multiple‐Quantum Coherence‐Transfer NMR in Severely Hyperammonemic Rat (1997)

Brain [5-15N] glutamine amide protons were selectively observed in vivo by 1H-15N heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence-transfer NMR in spontaneously breathing, severely hyperammonemic rats during intravenous [15N]ammonium acetate infusion and the subsequent recovery period. The linewidth of brain [5-15N]-glutamine amide proton Hz increased from 36 +/- 2 Hz at 3.4 h to 58 +/- 6 Hz after 5.7 h of infusion, a net increase of 22 +/- 6 Hz. Concomitantly, brain ammonia concentration increased from 1.7 to 3.5 +/- 0.2 mumol/g and the rat progressed from grade III to grade IV encephalopathy. On recovery to grade III and decrease of brain ammonia concentration to 1.3 mumol/g, the linewidth returned to 37 +/- 2 Hz. In aqueous solution, [5-15N]glutamine amide proton Hz underwent a 17-Hz linebroadening when pH was raised from 7.1 to 7.5 at 37 degrees C, due to the increased rate of base-catalyzed exchange with water proton. Hence, linebroadening is a sensitive measure of changing intracellular pH. The 22-Hz linebroadening observed in vivo in severely hyperammonemic grade IV rats strongly suggests that the intracellular pH increases from 7.1 to about 7.4-7.5 in astrocytes where glutamine is synthesized and mainly stored. Probable mechanisms for the ammonia-induced alkalinization and decreased intraglial buffering capacity, as well as implications of the result for pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy, are discussed.
Canada′s First Universal Varicella Immunization Program: Lessons from Prince Edward Island (2003)

A live attenuated varicella vaccine was licensed in Canada in December 1998. The first universal varicella immunization program in Canada was initiated in Prince Edward Island in 2000. Students in grades one to six without a history of varicella were offered the vaccine, administered by Public Health Nurses, in school clinics during February and March 2000. The acceptance rate ranged from 29.1% of all grade one students to 9.8% of all grade six students; overall, 18.8% of students received the vaccine. A universal program for children 12 months of age was introduced on April 1, 2000 and catch-up clinics for those between 12 months of age and those in grade one were introduced in June 2000. Repeated media announcements and the cooperation of staff in schools and daycare facilities assisted in informing parents about the availability of the vaccine. Vaccine-associated adverse events have been uncommon and the vaccine has been well accepted.
Nanostructurally Controllable Strong Wood Aerogel toward Efficient Thermal Insulation (2022)

Eco-friendly materials with superior thermal insulation and mechanical properties are desirable for improved energy- and space-efficiency in buildings. Cellulose aerogels with structural anisotropy could fulfill these requirements, but complex processing and high energy demand are challenges for scaling up. Here we propose a scalable, nonadditive, top-down fabrication of strong anisotropic aerogels directly from wood with excellent, near isotropic thermal insulation functions. The aerogel was obtained through cell wall dissolution and controlled precipitation in lumen, using an ionic liquid (IL) mixture comprising DMSO and a guanidinium phosphorus-based IL [MTBD][MMP]. The wood aerogel shows a unique structure with lumen filled with nanofibrils network. In situ formation of a cellulosic nanofibril network in the lumen results in specific surface areas up to 280 m<sup>2</sup>/g and high yield strengths >1.2 MPa. The highly mesoporous structure (average pore diameter ∼20 nm) of freeze-dried wood aerogels leads to low thermal conductivities in both the radial (0.037 W/mK) and axial (0.057 W/mK) directions, showing great potential as scalable thermal insulators. This synthesis route is energy efficient with high nanostructural controllability. The unique nanostructure and rare combination of strength and thermal properties set the material apart from comparable bottom-up aerogels. This nonadditive synthesis approach is believed to contribute significantly toward large-scale design and structure control of biobased aerogels.
Preoperative p27 Status is an Independent Predictor of Prostate Specific Antigen Failure Following Radical Prostatectomy (2003)

Preoperative p27 expression is an independent predictor of time to biochemical recurrence following radical prostatectomy. Patients with less than 45% p27 positive cells in the prostate needle biopsy specimen have almost a 2.5-fold increased risk of biochemical recurrence. To our knowledge this study is the first to show that p27 status of the prostate needle biopsy specimen can be used before radical prostatectomy to predict biochemical failure.
Distance learning and use of the Internet and the World Wide Web in education (2002)

The objective of this paper is to address educational opportunities through distance learning and how to use the Internet and the World Wide Web (WWW) to provide effective education to students at remote locations. A comparison between the traditional classroom verses distance learning is presented. Due to the unprecedented technological advancements in recent years, the role of computer technology in education has changed forever. An overview of various delivery mechanisms such as corresponding courses, taped lectures, interactive videos and the Internet are discussed. The current experience in setting up the first graduate course in the power electronics on the Web at the University of Central Florida (USA) is given as a case study.
A finite dimensional 𝐴∞ algebra example (2010)

Abstract We construct an example of an 𝐴 ∞ algebra structure defined over a finite dimensional graded vector space.