gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Teaching the 'Comprehensive Dental Care' in formative years of education and training: A new model for dental internship. (2021)

There is a need of a new model of education and training to be implemented in the Bachelors of Dental Surgery curriculum in the relevant Pakistani institutions. The current review article was planned to suggest such a model in the light of literature aimed at building the capacity of dental graduates in a competency-driven approach with the objective of offering safe, efficient and comprehensive care to dental patients. The outcome of the reforms suggested shall prepare dental graduates suitably geared towards providing community-oriented family dental care right from their formative years. Moreover, the suggested internship model can also help to address the issue of inefficiency related to patient-care.
Supplementary Table 2 from Monitoring of Natural Killer Cell Immunotherapy Using Noninvasive Imaging Modalities (2023)

Supplementary Table 2 from Monitoring of Natural Killer Cell Immunotherapy Using Noninvasive Imaging Modalities
Ion-channel aligned gas-blocking membrane for lithium-air batteries (2017)

Lithium-metal-based batteries, owing to the extremely high specific energy, have been attracting intense interests as post-Li-ion batteries. However, their main drawback is that consumption/de-activation of lithium metal can be accelerated when O<sub>2</sub> or S used in the cathode crosses over to the metal, reducing the lifetime of the batteries. In use of ceramic solid state electrolyte (SSE) separator, despite the capability of gas blocking, thick and heavy plates (~0.3 mm) are necessitated to compensate its mechanical fragility, which ruin the high specific energy of the batteries. Here, we demonstrate fabrication of a new membrane made of micron-sized SSE particles as Li-ion channels embedded in polymer matrix, which enable both high Li-ion conduction and gas-impermeability. Bimodal surface-modification was used to control the energy of the particle/polymer interface, which consequently allowed channel formation via a simple one-step solution process. The practical cell with the new membrane provides a cell-specific energy of over 500 Wh kg<sup>-1</sup>, which is the highest values ever reported.
An Analytical Review of the Structural Features of Pentatricopeptide Repeats: Strategic Amino Acids, Repeat Arrangements and Superhelical Architecture (2021)

Tricopeptide repeats are common in natural proteins, and are exemplified by 34- and 35-residue repeats, known respectively as tetratricopeptide repeats (TPRs) and pentatricopeptide repeats (PPRs). In both classes, each repeat unit forms an antiparallel bihelical structure, so that multiple such units in a polypeptide are arranged in a parallel fashion. The primary structures of the motifs are nonidentical, but amino acids of similar properties occur in strategic positions. The focus of the present work was on PPR, but TPR, its better-studied cousin, is often included for comparison. The analyses revealed that critical amino acids, namely Gly, Pro, Ala and Trp, were placed at distinct locations in the higher order structure of PPR domains. While most TPRs occur in repeats of three, the PPRs exhibited a much greater diversity in repeat numbers, from 1 to 30 or more, separated by spacers of various sequences and lengths. Studies of PPR strings in proteins showed that the majority of PPR units are single, and that the longer tandems (i.e., without space in between) occurred in decreasing order. The multi-PPR domains also formed superhelical vortices, likely governed by interhelical angles rather than the spacers. These findings should be useful in designing and understanding the PPR domains.
Survival outcomes of secondary cancers in patients with waldenström macroglobulinemia: An analysis of the SEER database (2015)

We hypothesized that survival outcomes of WM patients who develop SM is distinct from the general population of individuals who develop those same malignancies. Using the SEER-18 data (2000-2011), we identified patients with cancers of the breast, prostate, lung, colorectum, bladder, melanoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and acute leukemia, and compared their outcomes according to having antecedent WM or not. The outcome of interest was overall survival (OS), which was analyzed in proportional-hazard models adjusted for age, sex, race, and stage. We found that patients with WM who developed SM were older than population controls with those same cancers. In the multivariate analysis, WM cases with colorectal cancer (HR 1.97; P < 0.001), melanoma (HR 2.63; P < 0.001) and NHL (HR = 1.35; P = 0.02) had worse OS than controls with those respective cancers. WM patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma also had worse OS (HR = 1.86; P = 0.008). The utilization of surgery and radiation was similar between WM cases and controls, except lower rates of prostatectomy and melanoma surgery among WM patients. The survival of WM patients with colorectal cancer, melanoma, and NHL is worse than among general population controls, arguing in favor of age-appropriate cancer screening.
Sorption and Diffusion of Propylene and Ethylene in Heterophasic Polypropylene Copolymers (2007)

Abstract Summary: Sorption experiments of ethylene and propylene in different polypropylene powder samples, both homopolymer and heterophasic copolymers with different rubber content, have been carried out in a high‐pressure magnetic suspension balance at 10 bars pressure and 70 °C. The gross solubilities measured can be well correlated with the rubber content of the polymer samples. Solubility of ethylene and propylene in the rubber phase differ from solubility in the amorphous fraction of the homopolymer, especially the concentration ratio of propylene to ethylene differs significantly between rubber phase and amorphous fraction of the homopolymer. From the slope of monomer uptake, information on kinetics of mass‐transfer can be gained. No significant differences were observed in terms of mass‐transfer for ethylene and propylene. With increasing rubber content, effective diffusion coefficients increased slightly. By combined sorption studies with powder samples and compressed films, information about both effective diffusion coefficients and the effective length scale of diffusion could be gained. It could be shown, that the particle radius is not the characteristic length of diffusion in the studied powder samples. Mass transfer of nearly all samples could be described by a constant diffusion length of 120 to 130 µm, independently on particle size. This indicates that the effective scale of diffusion in polymer particles is in between microparticle and macroparticle scale used in classical particle modeling.
T Cell Receptor Genotyping and HOXA/TLX1 Expression Define Three T Lymphoblastic Lymphoma Subsets which Might Affect Clinical Outcome (2008)

Application of this molecular classification will allow the prospective evaluation of prognostic effects within pediatric and adult protocols.
Quasi-Dimensional Combustion Simulation of a Two- Stroke Engine (2006)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The paper presents an application of a quasi-dimensional (QD) model for the combustion simulation in a two-stroke engine. In contrast to 0D-models the QD-models provide an opportunity to describe the development of the combustion process in dependence on the actual thermodynamic state in the combustion chamber. The QD-models enable to couple the flame propagation with the combustion chamber geometry and with the flow field.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;An extensive sensitivity analysis is performed for the QD-model by varying the parameters of the QD-model itself and of the operating points. The constructed QD-model is examined under various conditions (engine speed, the delivery ratio and the air to fuel ratio) and shows a good agreement with experimental results.&lt;/div&gt;
RNase L Targets Distinct Sites in Influenza A Virus RNAs (2014)

RNase L is a critical component of interferon-regulated and double-stranded-RNA-activated antiviral host responses. We sought to determine how RNase L exerts its antiviral activity during influenza virus infection. We enhanced the antiviral activity of RNase L by disabling a viral protein, NS1, that inhibits the activation of RNase L. Then, using deep-sequencing methods, we identified the host and viral RNAs targeted by RNase L. We found that RNase L cleaved viral RNAs and rRNAs at very precise locations. The direct cleavage of IAV RNAs by RNase L highlights an intimate battle between viral RNAs and an antiviral endonuclease.
Relying on the Information of Interested Parties (1985)

We investigate the conventional wisdom that competition among interested parties attempting to influence a decisionmaker by providing verifiable information elicits all relevant information. We find that, if the decisionmaker is strategically sophisticated and well informed about the relevant variables and about the preferences of the interested party or parties, competition may be unnecessary to achieve this result. If the decisionmaker is unsophisticated or not well informed, competition is not generally sufficient. If the interested parties' interests are sufficiently opposed, however, or if the decisionmaker is seeking to advance the parties' welfare, then competition can reduce or even eliminate the decisionmaker's need for prior knowledge about the relevant variables and for strategic sophistication. In other settings only the combination of competition among information providers and a sophisticated skepticism is sufficient to allow effective decisionmaking.
A Human Nuclear Shuttling Protein That Interacts with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Matrix Is Packaged into Virions (2000)

Active nuclear import of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) preintegration complex (PIC) is essential for the productive infection of nondividing cells. Nuclear import of the PIC is mediated by the HIV-1 matrix protein, which also plays several critical roles during viral entry and possibly during virion production facilitating the export of Pr55(Gag) and genomic RNA. Using a yeast two-hybrid screen, we identified a novel human virion-associated matrix-interacting protein (VAN) that is highly conserved in vertebrates and expressed in most human tissues. Its expression is upregulated upon activation of CD4(+) T cells. VAN is efficiently incorporated into HIV-1 virions and, like matrix, shuttles between the nucleus and cytoplasm. Furthermore, overexpression of VAN significantly inhibits HIV-1 replication in tissue culture. We propose that VAN regulates matrix nuclear localization and, by extension, both nuclear import of the PIC and export of Pr55(Gag) and viral genomic RNA during virion production. Our data suggest that this regulatory mechanism reflects a more global process for regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport.
ON THE EFFECT OFWORD ERROR RATE ON AUTOMATED QUALITY MONITORING (2006)

This paper studies the effect of word-error-rate (WER) on an automated quality monitoring application for call centers. The system consists of a speech recognition module and a call ranking module. The call ranking module combines direct question answering with a maximum-entropy classifier to automatically monitor the calls that enter a call center, and label them as "good" or "bad". We find that, in the monitoring regime where only a small fraction of the calls are monitored, we achieve 80% precision and 50% recall in classifying whether a call belongs to the bottom 20%. Additionally, the correlation between human and computer-generated scores turns out to be highly sensitive to word error rate.
Study of cosmic ray events with high muon multiplicity using the ALICE detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (2016)

ALICE is one of four large experiments at the CERN Large Hadron Collider near Geneva, specially designed to study particle production in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Located 52 meters underground with 28 meters of overburden rock, it has also been used to detect muons produced by cosmic ray interactions in the upper atmosphere. In this paper, we present the multiplicity distribution of these atmospheric muons and its comparison with Monte Carlo simulations. This analysis exploits the large size and excellent tracking capability of the ALICE Time Projection Chamber. A special emphasis is given to the study of high multiplicity events containing more than 100 reconstructed muons and corresponding to a muon areal density rho(mu) &gt; 5.9 m(-2). Similar events have been studied in previous underground experiments such as ALEPH and DELPHI at LEP. While these experiments were able to reproduce the measured muon multiplicity distribution with Monte Carlo simulations at low and intermediate multiplicities, their simulations failed to describe the frequency of the highest multiplicity events. In this work we show that the high multiplicity events observed in ALICE stem from primary cosmic rays with energies above 10(16) eV and that the frequency of these events can be successfully described by assuming a heavy mass composition of primary cosmic rays in this energy range. The development of the resulting air showers was simulated using the latest version of QGSJET to model hadronic interactions. This observation places significant constraints on alternative, more exotic, production mechanisms for these events.
Soluble Variable Color Carbazole-Containing Electrochromic Polymers (2005)

Three new carbazole-containing polymers were synthesized through Suzuki cross-coupling between N-octylcarbazole-3,6-bis(ethyleneboronate) (NOctCz(BO2Et)2) and several arylene dibromides. 2,5-Dibromothiophene (DBT), 2,2‘-dibromo-5,5‘-bithiophene (DBBT), and 4,7-dibromo-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (DBBTD) gave the three polymers PCzTh, PCzBi, and PCzBTD, respectively. Cyclic voltammetry showed two separate redox processes for each polymer, PCzTh (E1/2 = 0.33 V and E1/2 = 0.65 V vs Fc/Fc+), PCzBi (E1/2 = 0.32 V and E1/2 = 0.60 V vs Fc/Fc+), and PCzBTD (E1/2 = 0.56 V and E1/2 = 0.84 V vs Fc/Fc+). The two redox couples signify the presence of stable radical cation and dication oxidation states. In addition, the three materials were observed to display electrochromic properties. UV/vis/NIR absorbance spectroscopy revealed that each of the polymers displayed a unique absorbance maximum (345 nm for PCzTh, 375 nm for PCzBi, and 460 nm for PCzBTD) in their neutral states. Spectroelectrochemical analyses demonstrated that the π to π* transition was depleted upon application of increasingly positive potentials, giving rise to color changes. The different color states were quantified by colorimetry. PCzTh exhibits a yellow neutral state, a faint green radical cation state, and a pink dication state. PCzBi is yellow in its neutral state, light orange as a radical cation, and gray when fully oxidized. PCzBTD is orange when neutral, green-gray at intermediate potentials, and slate-gray as a dication.
Highly N2‐Selective Palladium‐Catalyzed Arylation of 1,2,3‐Triazoles (2011)

A familiar ring? Highly N2-selective arylation of 4,5-unsubstituted and 4-substituted 1,2,3-triazoles was achieved for the first time by the Pd/1 catalyst system. A wide range of N2-aryl-1,2,3-triazoles were prepared from aryl bromides, chlorides, and triflates with excellent N2 selectivity (see scheme). Density functional theory calculations suggest that the formation of N2-arylated 1,2,3-triazoles is favored kinetically. dba=dibenzylideneacetone, Tf=trifluoromethanesulfonyl.
Application and experimental validation of an integral method for simulation of gradient-induced eddy currents on conducting surfaces during magnetic resonance imaging (2013)

The time-varying magnetic fields created by the gradient coils in magnetic resonance imaging can produce negative effects on image quality and the system itself. Additionally, they can be a limiting factor to the introduction of non-MR devices such as cardiac pacemakers, orthopedic implants, and surgical robotics. The ability to model the induced currents produced by the switching gradient fields is key to developing methods for reducing these unwanted interactions. In this work, a framework for the calculation of induced currents on conducting surface geometries is summarized. This procedure is then compared to two separate experiments: (1) the analysis of the decay of currents induced upon a conducting cylinder by an insert gradient set within a head only 7 T MR scanner; and (2) analysis of the heat deposited into a small conductor by a uniform switching magnetic field at multiple frequencies and two distinct conductor thicknesses. The method was shown to allow the accurate modeling of the induced time-varying field decay in the first case, and was able to provide accurate estimation of the rise in temperature in the second experiment to within 30% when the skin depth was greater than or equal to the thickness of the conductor.
Model of Magnetic Particle Capture Under Physiological Flow Rates for Cytokine Removal During Cardiopulmonary Bypass (2020)

This work is an important step in designing a magnetic flow chamber that can remove the magnetically tagged cytokines under high flow employed during CPB. Cytokines have been shown to stimulate the systemic inflammatory response (SIR) associated with CPB and are an established therapeutic target to mitigate the SIR. In the long term, this work aims to guide researchers in the more accurate design of magnetic separation systems.
Recurrent superior oblique myokymia in a patient with retinitis pigmentosa (2004)

Superior oblique myokymia is an infrequently encountered condition, presenting with episodes of oscillopsia and/or vertical or oblique nystagmus, accompanied by a fine, monocular, cyclorotational nystagmus. Recent research suggests it is caused by vascular compression of the trunk of the trochlear nerve. The clinical features of a patient reporting three episodes of superior oblique myokymia, each following childbirth, are described. She had previously been diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa. The possible aetiologies of superior oblique myokymia are described and appropriate assessment and possible referral for further testing detailed.
Inhibition of the Development of Induced Respiration and Cyanide-insensitive Respiration in Potato Tuber Slices by Cerulenin and Dimethylaminoethanol (1977)

The interdependence of the development of wound-induced respiration and membrane-related phospholipid biosynthesis in potato tuber (Solanum tuberosum var. Russet) slices was established by the use of agents which selectively affect lipid and phospholipid synthesis. Cerulenin, a specific inhibitor of de novo fatty acid synthesis, inhibited the ultimate development of wound-induced respiration and of cyanide resistance only when given in the critical first 10 to 12 hours of slice aging. Similarly, when slices were exposed to the choline analogue dimethylaminoethanol within the first 10 hours, the phospholipid composition of the membrane lipids was drastically altered, the wound-induced respiration in a 24-hr period was substantially curtailed, and the development of cyanide insensitivity was sharply inhibited. These observations indicate that time-restricted membrane-related phospholipid synthesis is prerequisite to the development of wound-induced respiration and concurrent cyanide insensitivity.
Data from Graft-versus-Leukemia Antigen CML66 Elicits Coordinated B-Cell and T-Cell Immunity after Donor Lymphocyte Infusion (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; The target antigens of graft-versus-leukemia that are tumor associated are incompletely characterized.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; We examined responses developing against CML66, an immunogenic antigen preferentially expressed in myeloid progenitor cells identified from a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia who attained long-lived remission following CD4+ donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; From this patient, CML66-reactive CD8+ T-cell clones were detected against an endogenously presented HLA-B*4403–restricted epitope (HDVDALLW). Neither CML66-specific antibody nor T-cell responses were detectable in peripheral blood before DLI. However, by 1 month after DLI, CD8+ T cells were present in peripheral blood and at 10-fold higher frequency in marrow. Subsequently, plasma antibody to CML66 developed in association with disease remission. Donor-derived CML66-reactive T cells were detected at low levels &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; in marrow before DLI by ELISpot and by a nested PCR-based assay to detect clonotypic T-cell receptor sequences but not in blood of the patient pre-DLI nor of the graft donor.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; CD4+ DLI results in rapid expansion of preexisting marrow-resident leukemia-specific donor CD8+ T cells, followed by a cascade of antigen-specific immune responses detectable in blood. Our single-antigen analysis thus shows that durable posttransplant tumor immunity is directed in part against nonpolymorphic overexpressed leukemia antigens that elicit coordinated cellular and humoral immunity. Clin Cancer Res; 16(10); 2729–39. ©2010 AACR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Open IPTV services over NGN (2008)

IPTV service offers multimedia streaming services with security, reliability, and relevant quality of service (QoS)/quality of experience (QoE). It provides technical and business challenges to customers as well as network/service providers. It expects that the next generation network (NGN) environment provides the transport platform with high quality and high performance for IPTV services. The Web technologies can realize for customers to get and share IPTV contents. Web can provide an open, flexible, and agile platform. Therefore, in this paper, we propose open IPTV services based on Web platform within NGN environment and present functional architecture for open IPTV services. Technical issues for deploying the proposed IPTV services are also provided. The objective of this paper is to analyze the critical architectural issues for developing feasible service platform for open IPTV services.
A 24–44 GHz Broadband Transmit–Receive Front End in 0.13-μm SiGe BiCMOS for Multistandard 5G Applications (2021)

In this article, a novel broadband millimeter-wave (mm-wave) front end (FE) based on the asymmetric switch network structure is proposed for multistandard fifth-generation (5G) applications. The asymmetric switch network consists of a bidirectional impedance transformation network and a T-type topology single-pole single-throw (SPST) switch. In the TX-mode, the bidirectional impedance transformation network serves as an output matching network to achieve a continuous-mode Class-F <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> power amplifier (PA) to expand the bandwidth. In the RX-mode, the OFF impedance of the PA can be transformed into a high-impedance region by the bidirectional impedance transformation network. Based on the proposed structure, a broadband mm-wave front end is implemented in the 0.13- μm SiGe BiCMOS process, which occupies 906 μm ×997 μm including pads. In the TX-mode, the -1-dB P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sat</sub> bandwidth of the FE covers 21-44 GHz with the maximum output power of 18.1-19 dBm and the peak power added efficiency (PAE) of 20.2%-26.8%. In the RX-mode, the FE achieves an 84.6% and -3-dB small-signal gain fractional bandwidth from 20.2 to 49.8 GHz with 38-mW power consumption. It achieves a measured noise figure (NF) of 7.62-11.64 dB over the frequency range of 24-48 GHz. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first FE that covers all the present 5G mm-wave bands without reconfiguration.