gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prototyping of Power Supply for Vibration Condition Monitoring Modules using a Magnetostrictive Vibration Energy Harvester (2019)

To be used as a power supply for a module monitoring the vibration condition, we built a prototype unit capable of storing the power generated by a compact magnetostrictive vibration energy harvester (VEH) in an electric double layer capacitor (EDLC), via a bridge rectifier circuit and boost converter. The prototype could store 3.1 J of energy within ten hours or so, from mechanical vibration of 100 Hz, 4 m/s <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The storage energy enables about 7800 times the triple-axis acceleration measurement and wireless transmission, or five times the operation of wireless vibration condition monitoring module commercially available. The EDLC storage efficiency was 25% compared to the effective value of magnetostrictive VEH output power. Despite the need to further boost efficiency, it is noteworthy that we could demonstrate scope to operate the vibration condition monitoring module using only the power generated by magnetostrictive VEH.
Introduction (2015)

Some 60 years ago, the promise of molecular biology held that if we knew and understood the function of the molecules that comprise cells, then we could understand cells and their functions. Although this was true in principle (and in practice in a few cases), the sheer number of molecules made it very difficult to comprehend so many simultaneous functions. The simultaneous measurement of the majority of these molecules became possible over the last 10–15 years through the development of many ingenious technologies. As a result, we now have a growing number of data sets that give us the composition of particular cells and organisms under certain conditions. The chemical interactions between many of these components are now known and this knowledge gives rise to reconstructed biochemical reaction networks on a genome-scale that underlie various cellular functions. Thus, enter (molecular) systems biology.
Increasing Cellular Network Energy Efficiency for Railway Corridors (2022)

Modern trains act as Faraday cages making it chal-lenging to provide high cellular data capacities to passengers. A solution is the deployment of linear cells along railway tracks, forming a cellular corridor. To provide a sufficiently high data capacity, many cell sites need to be installed at regular distances. However, such cellular corridors with high power sites in short distance intervals are not sustainable due to the infrastructure power consumption. To render railway connectivity more sustainable, we propose to deploy fewer high-power radio units with intermediate low-power support repeater nodes. We show that these repeaters consume only 5 % of the energy of a regular cell site and help to maintain the same data capacity in the trains. In a further step, we introduce a sleep mode for the repeater nodes that enables autonomous solar powering and even eases installation because no cables to the relays are needed.
Ti‐O – Ein Stoffsystem mit erscheinungsreichen tribologischen Eigenschaften (2004)

Abstract Das ungeschmierte tribologische Verhalten von verschiedenen Stoichiometrien und mit unterschiedlichen Verfahren hergestellten Schichten und Werkstoffen im System Ti‐O wird vorgestellt. Der Phasenreichtum geht einher mit dem gleichen Erscheinungsreichtum im tribologischen Verhalten. Obwohl aus den Stoffeigenschaften kaum erkennbar, offenbart das System Ti‐O eine phasenweise herausragende Verschleißbeständigkeit, allerdings wurden Reibungszahlen von 0,2 kaum unterschritten.
Characterization of Aggregation Propensity of a Human Fc-Fusion Protein Therapeutic by Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry (2016)

Aggregation of protein therapeutics has long been a concern across different stages of manufacturing processes in the biopharmaceutical industry. It is often indicative of aberrant protein therapeutic higher-order structure. In this study, the aggregation propensity of a human Fc-fusion protein therapeutic was characterized. Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) was applied to examine the conformational dynamics of dimers collected from a bioreactor. HDX-MS data combined with spatial aggregation propensity calculations revealed a potential aggregation interface in the Fc domain. This study provides a general strategy for the characterization of the aggregation propensity of Fc-fusion proteins at the molecular level.Graphical Abstract.
Development of β-Amino Alcohol Derivatives That Inhibit Toll-like Receptor 4 Mediated Inflammatory Response as Potential Antiseptics (2011)

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) induced proinflammatory signaling has been directly implicated in severe sepsis and represents an attractive therapeutic target. Herein, we report our investigations into the structure-activity relationship and preliminary drug metabolism/pharmacokinetics study of β-amino alcohol derivatives that inhibit the TLR4 signaling pathway. Lead compounds were identified from in vitro cellular examination with micromolar potency for their inhibitory effects on TLR4 signaling and subsequently assessed for their ability to suppress the TLR4-induced inflammatory response in an ex vivo whole blood model. In addition, the toxicology, specificity, solubility, brain-blood barrier permeability, and drug metabolism of several compounds were evaluated. Although further optimizations are needed, our findings lay the groundwork for the future drug development of this class of small molecule agents for the treatment of severe sepsis.
Data subset algorithm for computationally efficient reconstruction of 3-D spectral imaging in diffuse optical tomography (2006)

Three-dimensional (3-D) models of light propagation in diffuse optical tomography provide an accurate representation of scattering in tissue. Here the use of spectral priors, shown to improve quantification of functional parameters in 2-D, has been extended to 3-D. To make 3-D spectral imaging computationally tractable, a novel technique is presented to deal with the large data set. The basic principle consists of using a dynamic criterion to select optimal data subsets that capture the major changes in the imaging domain. Results from three test cases showed comparable image quality and accuracy with less than 4% difference between the uses of data subset approach versus the entire dataset. Tested on simulated data from two different models, the algorithm was able to discern multiple objects successfully with an average error of 30% in quantifying multiple regions and less than 1% in quantifying the background.
Induction of neutralizing antibody responses to hepatitis C virus with synthetic peptide constructs incorporating both antibody and T‐helper epitopes (2007)

We describe a peptide-based strategy for hepatitis C virus (HCV) vaccine design that exploits synthetic peptides representing antibody epitopes of the hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) of the E2 glycoprotein and also less variable regions immediately downstream of HVR1. These epitopes were linked to a T-helper (T(h)) epitope (KLIPNASLIENCTKAEL) derived from the Morbillivirus canine distemper virus. Antibody titres induced by the two vaccine candidates T(h)-A (E2 amino acid 384-414) and T(h)-B (E2 amino acid 390-414) were significantly higher than those produced against vaccines lacking the T(h) epitope (P<0.05). Mice inoculated with the vaccine candidates T(h)-C (E2 amino acids 412-423) and T(h)-F (E2 amino acids 436-447) emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant each elicited antibody titres that were significantly higher than those elicited by T(h)-E (E2 amino acids 396-407) and T(h)-D (E2 amino acids 432-443) (P<0.01). Antisera obtained from mice inoculated with the epitope vaccines T(h)-A, T(h)-B, T(h)-D and T(h)-E bound to E2 expressed at the surface of 293T cells that had been transfected with E1E2. Furthermore, IgG from the sera of mice inoculated with four of the vaccine candidates, T(h)-A, T(h)-C, T(h)-D and T(h)-E, inhibited the entry of HCV/human immunodeficiency virus pseudoparticles (HCVpps) into Huh-7 cells. These results demonstrate the potential of synthetic peptide-based constructs in the delivery of potential neutralizing epitopes that are present within the viral envelope of HCV.
Anti-inflammatory Effects of Cheongnoimyungshin-hwan in Microglia Cells (2014)

Objectives: Activated microglia cells play an important role in inflammatory responses in the central nervous system (CNS) which are involved in neurodegenerative diseases. We attempted to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of Cheongnoimyungshin-hwan (CNMSH) in microglia cells. Methods: We examined the effect of CNMSH on the inflammatory responses in BV2 microglia cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and explored the mechanism underlying the action of CNMSH. Results: BV2 cells treated with LPS showed an up-regulation of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin <TEX>$PGE_2(PGE_2)$</TEX> and interleukin <TEX>$1{\beta}(IL-1{\beta})$</TEX> release, whereas CNMSH suppressed this up-regulation. CNMSH inhibited the induction of COX-2, iNOS and <TEX>$IL-1{\beta}$</TEX> proteins in LPS-treated BV2 cells and blocked the LPS-induced phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor <TEX>${\kappa}B(NF-{\kappa}B$</TEX>). Furthermore, CNMSH attenuated the LPS-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), as well as the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway, but did not inhibit the LPS-induced phosphorylation of c-Jun amino terminal kinase. Conclusions: These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of CNMSH on the LPS-induced production of inflammatory mediators and cytokines in BV2 cells is associated with the suppression of the <TEX>$NF-{\kappa}B$</TEX> and PI3KAkt signaling pathways.
Updated efficacy, safety, and biomarker analyses of STEAM, a randomized, open-label, phase II trial of sequential (s) and concurrent (c) FOLFOXIRI-bevacizumab (BV) vs FOLFOX-BV for first-line (1L) treatment (tx) of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). (2017)

657 Background: STEAM (NCT01765582) assessed efficacy and safety of 1L cFOLFOXIRI-BV and sFOLFOXIRI-BV vs FOLFOX-BV. Updated efficacy, safety, and exploratory biomarker data are reported. Methods: 280 tx-naive pts with mCRC were randomized 1:1:1 to BV-containing (5 mg/kg q2w) arms (cFOLFOXIRI, sFOLFOXIRI [alternating FOLFOX and FOLFIRI every 4 weeks {q4w}], or FOLFOX) in a 4–6 month (mo) induction phase, followed by maintenance. Primary objectives include progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary objectives include overall survival (OS). Tumor-relevant biomarker evaluations were exploratory. Results: Median PFS significantly improved and median OS showed a positive trend with cFOLFOXIRI-BV vs FOLFOX-BV. PFS significantly improved with cFOLFOXFIRI-BV vs FOLFOX-BV in BRAF wild type (WT); there was a positive trend in RAS WT and mutant (MUT) pts; no tx difference observed in BRAF MUT pts. In the safety pop., (n = 271), 88% had Grade ≥ 3 tx emergent AEs: 91% cFOLFOXIRI-BV; 87% sFOLFOXIRI-BV; 86% FOLFOX-BV. Conclusions: Improved PFS and a positive trend in OS were observed for cFOLFOXIRI-BV vs FOLFOX-BV. A positive PFS trend was seen in RAS WT and MUT pts, with significantly improved PFS in BRAF WT. The small number of BRAF MUT pts precluded estimation of tx effects. AEs for all 3 txs were consistent with previous reports. Clinical trial information: NCT01765582. [Table: see text]
Dynamic Double Directional Propagation Channel Measurements at 28 GHz (2017)

This paper presents results from the (to our knowledge) first dynamic double-directionally resolved measurement campaign at mm-wave frequencies for an outdoor microcellular scenario. The measurements are performed with USC's real-time channel sounder equipped with phased array antennas that can steer beams electrically in microseconds, allowing directional measurements in dynamic environments. Exploiting the phase coherency of the setup, the multi-path components can be tracked over time to investigate the temporal dependencies of the channel characteristics. We present results for time-varying path-loss, delay spread, mean angles and angular spreads observed at the transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) in the presence of moving vehicles and pedestrians. Additionally, we investigate excess losses observed due to blockage by vehicles and compare the cases when TX and RX are using fixed beams or when they are capable of adjusting beam directions dynamically.
Preface (2007)

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ChemInform Abstract: MONO‐ AND DISUBSTITUTED VINYLTRIALKYLAMMONIUM COMPOUNDS, SYNTHESIS AND STEREOCHEMISTRY (1973)

Abstract Propiolester (I) reagiert mit den Ammoniumsalzen (II) zu den Addukten (III); analog entsteht das Pyridinium‐Salz (IV).
Organic Field-Effect Transistor Materials Based on Cycloalkane-Capped Tetrathiapentalene Derivatives (2010)

Following the previous preparation of the cyclopentane-capped tetrathiapentalene (TTP) molecule (1), we have prepared new TTP-based organic semiconductors capped with cyclobutane (2) and cyclohexane (3) units, and investigated their crystal and thin-film structures together with the field-effect transistor (FET) characteristics. The molecule capped with cyclobutane units (2) forms a uniform stacking structure extending in different directions, leading to a three-dimensional intermolecular interaction. In the crystal of the cyclohexane-capped compound (3), the S-shaped molecules stack uniformly along the crystallographic b- and c-axes, and the estimated intermolecular interaction is two dimensional. The organic FETs (OFETs) prepared by vapor deposition show markedly different mobilities, 1.3×10-2 and 0.1 cm2 V-1 s-1 for 2 and 3, respectively, although the electrochemical properties are almost the same. The striking difference between the FET properties is attributed to the very different crystal structures of the TTP molecules depending on the terminal groups.
Wave-equation deconvolution for angle-dependent reflectivity and internal multiple prediction (2023)

Summary Short period multiple prediction for land data is challenging due to poor imaging of the shallow multiple generators as well little information about the down-going reflection at the weathering layer. Based on multiple imaging of the shallow section, surface-related wave-equation deconvolution has been used in recent years to improve multiple prediction in such areas. We improve the accuracy of wave-equation deconvolution to include an angle dependency of the multiple generator reflectivity. In addition, we modify the approach to handle internal multiple predictions where the lower-generator is provided by surface-related wave-equation deconvolution, and the upper-reflectivity is derived through least-squares inversion. The combined benefit of these two approaches is demonstrated on a land dataset from south Oman.
Nanomechanical properties of distinct fibrillar polymorphs of the protein α-synuclein (2016)

Alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) is a small presynaptic protein of 140 amino acids. Its pathologic intracellular aggregation within the central nervous system yields protein fibrillar inclusions named Lewy bodies that are the hallmarks of Parkinson's disease (PD). In solution, pure α-Syn adopts an intrinsically disordered structure and assembles into fibrils that exhibit considerable morphological heterogeneity depending on their assembly conditions. We recently established tightly controlled experimental conditions allowing the assembly of α-Syn into highly homogeneous and pure polymorphs. The latter exhibited differences in their shape, their structure but also in their functional properties. We have conducted an AFM study at high resolution and performed a statistical analysis of fibrillar α-Syn shape and thermal fluctuations to calculate the persistence length to further assess the nanomechanical properties of α-Syn polymorphs. Herein, we demonstrated quantitatively that distinct polymorphs made of the same protein (wild-type α-Syn) show significant differences in their morphology (height, width and periodicity) and physical properties (persistence length, bending rigidity and axial Young's modulus).
Decoding Energy Modeling For The Next Generation Video Codec Based On Jem (2018)

This paper shows that the processing energy of the decoder software for the next generation video codec can be accurately estimated using a feature based model. Therefore, a model from the literature is taken and extended to account for a high amount of the newly introduced coding modes. It is shown that using a selected set of 60 features, for a large set of more than 800 coded bit streams, a mean estimation error below 5% can be reached. Using the trained parameters of the model, the energy consumption of the decoder can be analyzed in detail such that, e.g., the coding modes consuming most processing energy can be identified. The model can be used inside the encoder for decoding- energy-rate-distortion optimization to generate decoding energy saving bit streams.
Packing Fixed Bed Reactors with Cylinders: Influence of Particle Length Distribution (2012)

In this work, we are interested in a better understanding of the local packing structure of fixed bed reactors made of cylindrical pellets packed in cylindrical tubes. Packing of cylindrical particles is simulated using Grains3D DEM code and results are analyzed in terms of void fraction using 3D analysis tools. With tube diameter as a secondary parameter, we investigate the porous structure depending on the pellet length distribution: average porosity, radial porosity, orientation of the pellets and variability of those indicators when repeating the numerical experiments.
DynaMIX: Resource Optimization for DNN-Based Real-Time Applications on a Multi-Tasking System (2023)

As deep neural networks (DNNs) prove their importance and feasibility, more and more DNN-based apps, such as detection and classification of objects, have been developed and deployed on autonomous vehicles (AVs). To meet their growing expectations and requirements, AVs should "optimize" use of their limited onboard computing resources for multiple concurrent in-vehicle apps while satisfying their timing requirements (especially for safety). That is, real-time AV apps should share the limited on-board resources with other concurrent apps without missing their deadlines dictated by the frame rate of a camera that generates and provides input images to the apps. However, most, if not all, of existing DNN solutions focus on enhancing the concurrency of their specific hardware without dynamically optimizing/modifying the DNN apps' resource requirements, subject to the number of running apps, owing to their high computational cost. To mitigate this limitation, we propose DynaMIX (Dynamic MIXed-precision model construction), which optimizes the resource requirement of concurrent apps and aims to maximize execution accuracy. To realize a real-time resource optimization, we formulate an optimization problem using app performance profiles to consider both the accuracy and worst-case latency of each app. We also propose dynamic model reconfiguration by lazy loading only the selected layers at runtime to reduce the overhead of loading the entire model. DynaMIX is evaluated in terms of constraint satisfaction and inference accuracy for a multi-tasking system and compared against state-of-the-art solutions, demonstrating its effectiveness and feasibility under various environmental/operating conditions.
Feasibility Study of the Mesh Extension for the IEEE 802.16e Communication System (2006)

The demand for wireless broadband access is rapidly growing. Consequently, the need for wireless systems offering both high speed data rates and high mobility access will become more and more important for present and future communication systems. An interesting candidate to fulfill those requirements is the OFDMA-based IEEE 802.16e wireless metropolitan area network system. In this paper, we study the possible implementation of the Mesh topology for the IEEE 802.16e standard. The reuse of the TDD frame structure considered in the point-to-multipoint topology will be discussed. The performance of the OFDMA air interface will be analyzed, for a varying spectral reuse factor and for different carrier allocations amongst the users.
Expert assessment on volumetric laser endomicroscopy full scans in Barrett’s esophagus patients with or without high grade dysplasia or early cancer (2020)

Identification of subtle neoplastic lesions in VLE full scans by experts was disappointing. Future studies should focus on improving methodologies for reviewing full scans, development of refined VLE criteria for neoplasia, and computer-aided diagnosis of VLE scans.
Orthogonal multiple access over time- and frequency-selective channels (2003)

Suppression of multiuser interference (MUI) and mitigation of time- and frequency-selective (doubly selective) channel effects constitute major challenges in the design of third-generation wireless mobile systems. Relying on a basis expansion model (BEM) for doubly selective channels, we develop a channel-independent block spreading scheme that preserves mutual orthogonality among single-cell users at the receiver. This alleviates the need for complex multiuser detection, and enables separation of the desired user by a simple code-matched channel-independent block despreading scheme that is maximum-likelihood (ML) optimal under the BEM plus white Gaussian noise assumption on the channel. In addition, each user achieves the maximum delay-Doppler diversity for Gaussian distributed BEM coefficients. Issues like links with existing multiuser transceivers, existence, user efficiency, special cases, backward compatibility with direct-sequence code-division multiple access (DS-CDMA), and error control coding, are briefly discussed.
Optimization and analysis of 3D nanostructures for power-density enhancement in ultra-thin photovoltaics under oblique illumination (2014)

Nanostructures have the potential to significantly increase the output power-density of ultra-thin photovoltaic devices by scattering incident sunlight into resonant guided modes. We applied a modified version of the direct-binary-search algorithm to design such nanostructures in order to maximize the output power-density under oblique-illumination conditions. We show that with appropriate design of nanostructured cladding layers, it is possible for a 10nm-thick organic absorber to produce an average peak power-density of 4mW/cm(2) with incident polar angle ranging from −90° to 90° and incident azimuthal angle ranging from −23.5° to 23.5°. Using careful modal and spectral analysis, we further show that an optimal trade-off of absorption at λ~510nm among various angles of incidence is essential to excellent performance under oblique illumination. Finally, we show that the optimized device with no sun tracking can produce on an average 7.23 times more energy per year than that produced by a comparable unpatterned device with an optimal anti-reflection coating.