gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of a Secreted Fibroblast Growth Factor Binding Protein-1 (FGFBP1) in Angioproliferative Kaposi Sarcoma (2014)

Taking into consideration the results of previous studies showing that both HIV-Tat and BP1 enhance the mitogenic and angiogenic activity of locally-stored FGF-2, both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>, our findings suggest a novel mechanism by which the release and activity of FGFs can be modulated in AIDS-KS tumors by HIV-Tat as well as BP1.
Quantitative comparison of the force-interval relationships of the canine right and left ventricles. (1984)

We quantitatively compared the extrasystolic and postextrasystolic responses of the right ventricle and left ventricle of the same heart, which have vastly different geometries, architectures, and muscle masses. We studied nine isolated, supported canine hearts whose right and left ventricles were made to contract isovolumically with balloons placed in both chambers. The ventricles were paced with the following pattern: 20 regularly timed priming stimulations, followed by a test stimulation at a variable test pulse interval, and, finally, by a second test stimulation which was always delivered 1200 msec after the first test pulse. In each heart, approximately 15 different test pulse intervals between 300 and 1200 msec were investigated. Both the maximum developed pressure and maximum rate of pressure development, expressed as a percentage of their steady state values during the priming period were used to quantify the extra- and postextrasystolic responses. For each extrasystolic and postextrasystolic test beat, the normalized response of the right ventricle was plotted vs. that of the left ventricle. The regression line and correlation coefficient between the two were determined. The average result from nine hearts gave a slope of 0.96 +/- 0.05, an intercept of 4.52 +/- 4.05% and a correlation coefficient of 0.995 +/- 0.004. This analysis indicated that, despite the differences in right and left ventricular geometry, architecture, and mass, their force-interval behaviors were nearly identical.
Super-Resolution Localization and Readout of Individual Solid State Qubits (2018)

We demonstrate super-resolution imaging and readout of solid state defect centers. Multiple nitrogen vacancy centers within 130 nm are resolved. Simultaneous control sequences are performed to demonstrate protection of nearby NV states during readout.
Simple Entry into the 1,6-Diazaphenalene Ring System (1978)

p e d by h e a t i n g one e q u i v a l e
Pinning at template feature edges for step and flash imprint lithography (2009)

We present a theory of the pinning of an air-liquid interface at the feature edge of a template during the imprint step of step and flash imprint lithography (SFIL). Pinning occurs when the pressure at the air-liquid interface reaches the pressure of the bulk liquid. At this condition, there is no pressure gradient or driving force to move the liquid and fill the feature. We examined several parameters, including residual layer thickness, wettability of the feature edge, applied force on the template, and the radius of curvature of the feature edge, to study their effect on pinning. An optimal SFIL process window and template modifications are proposed that minimize the pinning at the feature edge while still preventing any extrusion along the mesa (pattern containing area on the template) edge.
The Windup Problem in Repetitive Control: A Simple Anti-windup Strategy (2006)

Abstract In this work, we address the problem when the output of a repetitive controller is subjected to actuator saturation. We provide insight into the effects of saturating actuators on the closed-loop performance of a prototype repetitive controller. In order to improve the dynamic transient we propose an anti wind-up strategy tailored to repetitive controllers.
Development of Three-dimensional Internal Information Acquisition System based on Consecutive Precision Machining (2008)

Recent advances in computer-aided engineering technologies need more accurate modelings techniques of three-dimensional shapes, internal structures of manufactures. In this paper, an automated system was newly developed to acquire the three-dimensional information. The system is based on consecutive precision machining and cross-sectional image recording. In the system, face milling by a single crystal diamond tool is used for high precision machining, and an optical microscope is used for cross-sectional image recording. By the system, following results were obtained: (1) Surface roughness of a resin embedded aluminum specimen was approximately 100nm p-v. (2) Two-dimensional color cross-sectional images of the specimen were consecutively recorded from top to bottom. (3) The aluminum was distinguishable from the surrounding resin in those images, and the resin was also distinguishable from air. (4) The aluminum and the resin were three-dimensionally reconstructed respectively from those images, and precise three-dimensional shapes and internal structures were acquired.
Relatedness of Streptococcus suis Serotype 2 Isolates from Different Geographic Origins as Evaluated by Molecular Fingerprinting and Phenotyping (1999)

The genetic diversity of 88 Streptococcus suis serotype 2 isolates which were recovered from various countries was examined by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis with three primers. This bacterial collection included 80 isolates of porcine origin and 8 of human origin. This investigation allowed the identification of 23 RAPD types containing 1 to 30 isolates originating from one to six countries. Common RAPD patterns were found between human and pig isolates. The isolates were also tested for the production of virulent factors such as hemolysin, muramidase-released protein (MRP), and extracellular factor (EF). All isolates exhibiting the virulent phenotype hemolysin+ MRP+ EF+ clearly clustered on the basis of fingerprinting by RAPD analysis. In a similar way, most of isolates with the hemolysin- MRP- EF- phenotype were assigned to one RAPD cluster. Therefore, RAPD clusters are more related to the phenotype defined with hemolysin, MRP, and EF than to the geographic origin of the isolates. These data indicate that RAPD analysis used in conjunction with phenotypic methods provides a reliable method for the assessment of the clonal relationship between S. suis isolates responsible for infections in pigs or humans, especially for those exhibiting the classic "virulent" phenotype hemolysin+ MRP+ EF+.
Metacapacitors: Printed Thin Film, Flexible Capacitors for Power Conversion Applications (2015)

The Metacapacitors project aims to improve efficiency, functionality and form factor of offline power converters suitable for LED solid-state lighting, with a view to developing an attractive technology platform for load management and power conversion across a broad range of applications. Based on integrated switched-capacitor (SC) topologies, the project adopts an integrated approach from materials to devices to circuits. We designed capacitors based on high-κ dielectric nanocrystals, that can be prepared using high-throughput microfabrication/nanotechnology techniques, ink deposition and multilayering. The capacitor dielectric, a nanocomposite composed of (Ba, Sr)TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> nanocrystals in polyfurfuryl alcohol (BST/PFA, κ > 20, 100Hz-1 MHz, loss <; 0.01, 20 kHz), targets a high volumetric capacitance density and ripple current capability. The Dielectric is demonstrated to function in a finished capacitor > 1000 h at 125°C. The capacitors were board integrated with a custom hybrid-switched-capacitor-resonant dc-dc converter IC. The converter integrates a balanced SC front-end with a series resonant tank, enabling nearly lossless current regulation and tranformerless galvanic isolation. The converter IC can be stacked in the voltage domain to interface a range of inputs. The tested driver delivers about 15 W at 470 mA to a string of 12 LEDs with 90% peak efficiency.
Assimilate Flux Determines Kernel Set at Low Water Potential in Maize (1995)

Plant water deficits during flowering cause maize ( Zea mays L.) kernels to abort. Lack of current and reserve photosynthate account for much of the kernel loss, but partitioning to ovaries at low ovary water potential (ψ w ) may also be limited by lack of assimilate demand. To test this possibility, we measured the water status, carbohydrate content, and growth of ovaries on plants grown in the field in pots containing 22 kg of soil under one of three light environments [ Control , 75‐cm rows, 43 055 plants ha −l ; Shade, same as Control except under shade cloth (55% fight interception) from the sixth leaf stage until physiological maturity; or Isolated , 122‐cm rows, 6727 plants ha −1 ] and exposed to a water deficit during pollination. Water was withheld at silk emergence and plants were hand‐pollinated 4 d later when silk ψ was ≈ − 1.1 MPa, leaf ψ w was ≈ − 1.8 MPa, and photosynthesis was completely inhibited. The water deficit decreased kernel set, which was correlated with the inhibition of ovary dry matter accumulation. The concentration of sucrose and glucose increased in ovaries of water‐deficient plants, and ovary turgor remained at or above control levels. Thus, inhibition of ovary growth at low ψ w was not related to a loss of turgor, nor was it caused by a depletion of ovary sugars. Sugar accumulation at low ψ w , suggested that metabolism may have been impaired. Coupled with a low level of reserves, failure to utilize available sugars at low ψ w would severely inhibit assimilate flux to the ear and render kernel set highly vulnerable to water deficits during pollination.
CD19-targeting CAR T cell immunotherapy outcomes correlate with genomic modification by vector integration (2019)

Chimeric antigen receptor-engineered T cells targeting CD19 (CART19) provide an effective treatment for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia but are less effective for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), focusing attention on improving efficacy. CART19 harbor an engineered receptor, which is delivered through lentiviral vector integration, thereby marking cell lineages and modifying the cellular genome by insertional mutagenesis. We recently reported that vector integration within the host TET2 gene was associated with CLL remission. Here, we investigated clonal population structure and therapeutic outcomes in another 39 patients by high-throughput sequencing of vector-integration sites. Genes at integration sites enriched in responders were commonly found in cell-signaling and chromatin modification pathways, suggesting that insertional mutagenesis in these genes promoted therapeutic T cell proliferation. We also developed a multivariate model based on integration-site distributions and found that data from preinfusion products forecasted response in CLL successfully in discovery and validation cohorts and, in day 28 samples, reported responders to CLL therapy with high accuracy. These data clarify how insertional mutagenesis can modulate cell proliferation in CART19 therapy and how data on integration-site distributions can be linked to treatment outcomes.
Simulation of espresso coffee extraction using smoothed particle hydrodynamics (2019)

A mesoscopic model for the simulation of espresso extraction based on the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics method is presented. The model incorporates some essential features such as bimodal granulometry (fines-coarses) of the coffee bed, double (liquid/intra-granular) molecular diffusion and solid-liquid release mechanism. The porous structures (’coarses’) are modelled as stationary solid regions whereas the migration of cellular fragments (’fines’) is described by single-particles advected by the flow. The boundary filter is modelled as a buffer region where fines are immobilized while entering it, therefore providing a transient flow impedance. The model captures well the transient permeability of the coffee bed under direct-inverse discharge observed in experiments, showing the importance of fines migration on the hydrodynamics of the extraction. The concentration kinetics for different molecular compounds are also studied. The present work lays down the basis for the virtual analysis of coffee flavors by monitoring the hydrodynamic and microstructural effects on the balance of extracted key-odorant or taste-actives compounds in the beverage.
Explainable Automatic Industrial Carbon Footprint Estimation From Bank Transaction Classification Using Natural Language Processing (2022)

Concerns about the effect of greenhouse gases have motivated the development of certification protocols to quantify the industrial carbon footprint (CF). These protocols are manual, work-intensive, and expensive. All of the above have led to a shift towards automatic data-driven approaches to estimate the CF, including Machine Learning (ML) solutions. Unfortunately, as in other sectors of interest, the decision-making processes involved in these solutions lack transparency from the end user’s point of view, who must blindly trust their outcomes compared to intelligible traditional manual approaches. In this research, manual and automatic methodologies for CF estimation were reviewed, taking into account their transparency limitations. This analysis led to the proposal of a new explainable ML solution for automatic CF calculations through bank transaction classification. Consideration should be given to the fact that no previous research has considered the explainability of bank transaction classification for this purpose. For classification, different ML models have been employed based on their promising performance in similar problems in the literature, such as Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, and Recursive Neural Networks. The results obtained were in the 90 % range for accuracy, precision, and recall evaluation metrics. From their decision paths, the proposed solution estimates the CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> emissions associated with bank transactions. The explainability methodology is based on an agnostic evaluation of the influence of the input terms extracted from the descriptions of transactions using locally interpretable models. The explainability terms were automatically validated using a similarity metric over the descriptions of the target categories. Conclusively, the explanation performance is satisfactory in terms of the proximity of the explanations to the associated activity sector descriptions, endorsing the trustworthiness of the process for a human operator and end users.
A taxonomy of program visualization systems (1993)

A taxonomy of program visualization systems that is based on a model of program visualization that maps programs to graphical representations is presented. The taxonomy is illustrated with three program visualization systems representative of research trends: Zeus, Tango, and Pavane.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Familiarity and Self-Reported Compliance with American Urological Association Best Practice Recommendations for Use of Thromboembolic Prophylaxis among American Urological Association Members (2013)

Although younger age and self-reported urological oncologist and/or laparoscopic/robotic specialist status correlated strongly with thromboprophylaxis use, self-reported adherence to AUA Best Practice Statement was low, even in high risk cases with clear AUA Best Practice Statement recommendations such as radical cystectomy. These data identify opportunities for quality improvement in patients undergoing major urological surgery.
Electron beam fluorescence temperature measurements of N2 in a semiconductor plasma reactor (2004)

The rotational temperature of nitrogen molecules in inductively coupled plasma (ICP) discharge has been measured using the electron beam fluorescence (EBF) technique. The neutral gas temperature is an important parameter in understanding the energy balance and neutral radical uniformity in plasma processing. The EBF technique has been used to study rarefied flows, but has not been applied previously to characterize a semiconductor plasma reactor. In this work an electron beam was integrated into an inductively coupled semiconductor plasma reactor, and was used to excite neutral nitrogen molecules from the N2X 1Σg+ state into the excited molecular ion N2+B 2Σu+ state. The electron beam excitation process maps the rotational population distribution of the original ground state into the excited molecular ion state following a dipole model with ΔK=±1. The rotational temperature, which is thought to be equivalent to the neutral gas translational temperature under plasma reactor conditions, can be determined from the rotational intensity distribution of the fluorescence spectrum from the N2+B 2Σu+ state. For the range of neutral gas temperatures found in the plasma reactor a dipole model of the excitation-emission process provides good agreement with the measured spectrum. A least-square fitting procedure comparing the model and measured emission spectra is used to determine the rotation temperature. In this article the first EBF measurements of gas heating in an ICP reactor at different gas pressures (20, 50 mTorr) and plasma source input powers (250, 500, and 1000 W) are reported.
Evidence for furin-type activity-mediated C-terminal processing of profibrillin-1 and interference in the processing by certain mutations (1998)

Fibrillin-1 is a major component of the 10 nm microfibrils of the extracellular matrix (ECM). It is synthesized as an approximately 350 kDa precursor molecule, profibrillin-1, which is proteolytically processed into its biologically active approximately 320 kDa form. Furin, a calcium-dependent endoprotease of the subtilisin family, which is known to be the processing enzyme for a variety of proproteins, is believed to be responsible for the N-terminal proteolytic cleavage of profibrillin-1. In this article we provide several lines of evidence that the C-terminal trimming of profibrillin-1 also occurs via a furin-type activity. Edman degradation of a small recombinant C-terminal subdomain of fibrillin-1 revealed complete processing of the peptide immediately after the tribasic recognition sequence (R-X-K/R-R) for furin. In vitro expression experiments using another recombinant construct consisting of the C-terminal half of fibrillin-1 indicated that disruption of the putative recognition sequence for furin by site-directed mutagenesis drastically impairs proteolytic processing of the propeptide. In addition, our results suggest that the N-terminal half of fibrillin-1 is necessary for its incorporation into the ECM.
Effects of Hydroxyapatite Particles on Periodontal Ligament Fibroblast‐Like Cell Behavior (1997)

Although hydroxyapatite (HA), a synthetic calcium phosphate, is used in restoring bone defects associated with periodontal diseases, its specific effect on the periodontal ligament fibroblast population during the regeneration process is unclear. To determine the cellular events occurring in the presence of HA, human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPLF) were isolated and maintained in culture. The specificity of the cells was evidenced by their morphology, deposition of extracellular matrix components, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity (as a marker of osteoblastic differentiation of HPLF). Phase-contrast investigations revealed morphological alterations of cells in contact with HA particles. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated the phagocytotic process of HPLF toward HA particles. Moreover, the presence of HA particles was significantly related to an increase in the protein synthesis activity and a decrease in the proliferation and ALP-specific activity of HPLF. These results provide new information on the phenotypic expression of HPLF, which is comparable to that of osteoblastic cells. A subpopulation of HPLF may be influenced by the presence of HA to undergo transient dedifferentiation prior to redifferentiating into osteoblasts. This process may be important as a means by which HA acts as an osteoconductive material. This experimental study improves our understanding of the cellular processes which occur during healing and regeneration of periodontal defects after implantation of biomaterials.
Thermochemistry of 1-Methylnaphthalene Hydroconversion: Comparison of Group Contribution and ab Initio Models (2013)

As a necessary step in the development of microkinetic models for the hydroconversion of heavy hydrocarbon fractions, we report an assessment of various Density Functional Theory (DFT) models for the calculation of molecular thermochemical properties in comparison with Benson’s group contribution method for reactants, intermediates, and products involved in the hydrogenation of 1-methylnaphtalene. The association of the G4 level with homodesmotic decomposition schemes (HI-G4-iso method) has significantly improved the accuracy of the calculated thermodynamic properties when the resemblance of reactants and products is taken into account. Although smaller deviations are observed for Benson’s GA method, some limitations appear when position isomers are included. This gap can be fulfilled with homodesmotic/DFT models, whose deviations are not so far from those obtained with Benson’s GA method.
Discovery and Supramolecular Interactions of Neutral Palladium‐Oxo Clusters Pd16and Pd24 (2020)

Abstract We report on the synthesis, structure, and physicochemical characterization of the first three examples of neutral palladium‐oxo clusters (POCs). The 16‐palladium(II)‐oxo cluster [Pd 16 O 24 (OH) 8 ((CH 3 ) 2 As) 8 ] ( Pd 16 ) comprises a cyclic palladium‐oxo unit capped by eight dimethylarsinate groups. The chloro‐derivative [Pd 16 Na 2 O 26 (OH) 3 Cl 3 ((CH 3 ) 2 As) 8 ] ( Pd 16 Cl ) was also prepared, which forms a highly stable 3D supramolecular lattice via strong intermolecular interactions. The 24‐palladium(II)‐oxo cluster [Pd 24 O 44 (OH) 8 ((CH 3 ) 2 As) 16 ] ( Pd 24 ) can be considered as a bicapped derivative of Pd 16 with a tetra‐palladium‐oxo unit grafted on either side. The three compounds were fully characterized 1) in the solid state by single‐crystal and powder XRD, IR, TGA, and solid‐state 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopy, 2) in solution by 1 H, 13 C NMR and 1 H DOSY spectroscopic methods, and 3) in the gas phase by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS).
Provisioning Robust and Interpretable AI/ML-Based Service Bundles (2018)

Coalition operations environments are characterised by the need to share intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance services. Increasingly, such services are based on artificial intelligence (AI)and machine learning (ML)technologies. Two key issues in the exploitation of AI/ML services are robustness and interpretability. Employing a diverse portfolio of services can make a system robust to `unknown unknowns'. Interpretability - the need for services to offer explanation facilities to engender user trust - can be addressed by a variety of methods to generate either transparent or post hoc explanations according to users' requirements. This paper shows how a service-provisioning framework for coalition operations can be extended to address specific requirements for robustness and interpretability, allowing automatic selection of service bundles for intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance tasks. The approach is demonstrated in a case study on traffic monitoring featuring a diverse set of AI/ML services based on deep neural networks and heuristic reasoning approaches.
Supplementary methods from Molecular Basis of Valine-Citrulline-PABC Linker Instability in Site-Specific ADCs and Its Mitigation by Linker Design (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Experimental Procedures for the Preparation of Linker-Payloads.&lt;/p&gt;