gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiple‐Dose Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Tolerability of Aprocitentan, a Dual Endothelin Receptor Antagonist, in Healthy Japanese and Caucasian Subjects (2020)

Aprocitentan is an orally active dual endothelin receptor antagonist currently in development for treatment of difficult-to-control (resistant) hypertension. In phase 1 and 2 studies, aprocitentan has been characterized predominantly in Caucasian subjects. In this bridging, double-blind study, 20 healthy Japanese and Caucasian male and female subjects received 25 mg of aprocitentan or placebo once daily for 10 days and were monitored until 216 hours after the last dosing. The pharmacokinetics of aprocitentan were similar between ethnicities. At steady state, maximum plasma concentration was reached at 4 and 3 hours, and elimination half-life was 49.1 and 48.8 hours for Japanese and Caucasian subjects, respectively. The accumulation index was around 3 for both populations. Geometric means ratios for maximum plasma concentration and area under the plasma concentration-time curve during 1 dosing interval were around 1, with 90% confidence interval ranging from 0.87 to 1.30. Aprocitentan was safe and well tolerated in both groups. As no clinically relevant differences were found between Japanese and Caucasian subjects, it is unlikely that the pharmacokinetics of aprocitentan would differ significantly between Caucasian subjects and other ethnicities. Aprocitentan can therefore be administered at a dose level of up to 25 mg in any ethnicity without dose adjustment.
Effect Of Hand Grip Training On Blood Flow To Immobilized Forearm (2005)

PURPOSE To determine whether endurance and strength hand grip exercise during the upper limb immobilization preserves muscle endurance performance and peak blood velocity (PBV) to the muscles. METHODS Six healthy male volunteers were divided into two groups (Immobilization: IMM and IMM with Training: IMMTR). Non-dominant arm was immobilized with a cast for 3 weeks. Dynamic handgrip endurance test (one repetition per 1 sec. of 30% maximum voluntary contraction) was performed before and after the immobilization. The blood velocity was monitored by a Doppler ultrasound on the brachial artery during the endurance test. RESULTS For IMMTR, dynamic hand grip endurance performance was elongated by 27% (49 to 62 sec.) but not for IMM.PBV was increased by 39% (49.9 to 69.5 cm/sec.) after IMMTR and decreased by 26% (79.4 to 59.1 cm/sec) after IMM. CONCLUSIONS The training program during immobilization periods used in this study was effective in increasing muscle endurance and preventing the decrease in peak blood velocity.
Multimodal Imaging-Based Phenotyping of a Singaporean Hospital-Based Cohort of High Myopia Patients (2022)

<b>Purpose:</b> To assess the effect of axial length (AL) on the prevalence of pathologic myopia (PM) and associated myopic features in a Singaporean hospital-based cohort of patient with high myopia (HM). <b>Methods:</b> In total, 923 HM eyes from 495 individuals were recruited from the Myopic and Pathologic Eyes in Singapore (MyoPES) cohort and underwent ocular biometry, fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence, and swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). Images were analyzed for the presence of myopic macular degeneration (MMD), myopic choroidal neovascularization (mCNV), myopic traction maculopathy (MTM), peripapillary atrophy (PPA), myopic tilted disc, posterior staphyloma (PS), dome-shaped macula (DSM), vitremacular adhesions (VMA), and the epiretinal membrane (ERM). Eyes were stratified into quartiles based on ALs to determine cut-off values to perform comparisons between shorter-length and longer-length groups. A χ<sup>2</sup>-test was done to determine the difference in the prevalence of pathologies between groups. <b>Results:</b> Overall, mean AL was 29.2 ± 2.2 mm (range 25.0-36.7 mm). Myopic macular degeneration, PPA, myopic tilted disc, and ERM have AL threshold of ≥27.5 mm, whereas MTM has an AL threshold of ≥29.0 mm. We found that there was a significantly higher prevalence of MMD (88.2 vs. 49.4%; <i>p</i> < 0.001), PPA (98.1 vs. 80.1%; <i>p</i> < 0.001), myopic tilted disc (72.7 vs. 50.2%; <i>p</i> < 0.001), and ERM (81.4 vs. 17.3%; <i>p</i> = 0.003) in eyes with AL ≥ 27.5 mm vs. eyes without AL <27.5 mm. Prevalence of MTM (34.7 vs. 32.1%; <i>p</i> < 0.001), mCNV (17.4 vs. 12.1%; <i>p</i> = 0.03), PS (43.4 vs. 34.7%; <i>p</i> = 0.012), DSM (21.3 vs. 13.2%; <i>p</i> = 0.002), and VMA (5.9 vs. 2.6%; <i>p</i> = 0.014) in eyes with AL ≥ 29.0 mm compared with AL < 29.0 mm. <b>Conclusion:</b> Our study describes the overall prevalence of PM and related pathologies among patients with HM in our hospital-based cohort. Longer eyes even among HM eyes had a significantly higher prevalence of PM-associated pathologies studied. This supports the premise that eyes with longer AL, even among HM eyes may be at greater risk of vision-threatening changes and therefore merit regular follow-up.
Inversion of pheromone preference optimizes foraging in C. elegans (2021)

Foraging animals have to locate food sources that are usually patchily distributed and subject to competition. Deciding when to leave a food patch is challenging and requires the animal to integrate information about food availability with cues signaling the presence of other individuals (e.g., pheromones). To study how social information transmitted via pheromones can aid foraging decisions, we investigated the behavioral responses of the model animal <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> to food depletion and pheromone accumulation in food patches. We experimentally show that animals consuming a food patch leave it at different times and that the leaving time affects the animal preference for its pheromones. In particular, worms leaving early are attracted to their pheromones, while worms leaving later are repelled by them. We further demonstrate that the inversion from attraction to repulsion depends on associative learning and, by implementing a simple model, we highlight that it is an adaptive solution to optimize food intake during foraging.
Exploring the pareto front of multi-objective single-phase PFC rectifier design optimization - 99.2% efficiency vs. 7kW/din<sup>3</sup> power density (2009)

Up to now, in the development of power electronics systems, the reduction of the initial costs or the increase of the power density have been of primary concern. However, with increasing energy costs also the power conversion efficiency is gaining higher and higher importance. Accordingly, while maintaining high power density, an efficiency as high as possible must be obtained. In this paper the maximum attainable efficiency and the dependency of the efficiency limit on technological parameters is determined for single-phase PFC boost rectifiers. In a first step basic PFC boost rectifier topologies are briefly compared with regard to high efficiency and a dual-boost PFC rectifier with integral common-mode filtering is selected as basis for the investigations. Next, simple approximations of the technological limits of the system performance are calculated in the efficiencypower density plane. With this, the Feasible Performance Space and the reduction in power density which has to be accepted for increasing the efficiency are clarified, and the trade-off limit curve (Pareto Front) of a multi-objective, i.e. efficiency and power density design optimization is determined. Furthermore, a comprehensive numerical efficiency optimization is carried out which identifies an efficiency limit of 99.2% for a 3.2kW system. The theoretical considerations are verified by experimental results from a laboratory prototype of the ultra-high efficiency system achieving 99.1% efficiency at a power density of 1.1kW/din <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> , as well as those firom an ultra-compact dual-boost PFC rectifier (95.8%, 5.5kW/dn <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ) and a very low switching freluency (3kHz) conventional PFC boost rectifier (96.7%, 2kW/din <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ). Finally, the sensitivity of the efficiency optimum with regard to various technological parameters is analyzed and an outlook on the further course of the research is given.
Application of silica-supported Fe–Cu nanoparticles in the selective hydrogenation of p-dinitrobenzene to p-phenylenediamine (2017)

Supported bimetallic Fe–Cu/SiO2 materials are synthesized, and their catalytic activity in hydrogenation of dinitrobenzene to phenylenediamine at 145–180°С and 1.3 MPa hydrogen pressure is studied for the first time. The best results (89% selectivity toward p-phenylenediamine at complete conversion of p-dinitrobenzene) are obtained for the sample synthesized via co-deposition with subsequent calcination at 300°С. The sample contains 7% iron and 3% copper. The formation of separate phases of metal oxides (for the catalysts prepared by impregnation) and mixed bimetallic oxide phases (in case of co-deposition procedure) in calcined samples is revealed via thermoprogrammed reduction with hydrogen.
A Novel Method for In Vivo Imaging of Solitary Lung Nodules Using Navigational Bronchoscopy and Confocal Laser Microendoscopy (2015)

Solitary pulmonary nodules (SPN) have become increasingly prevalent and diagnostic management remains challenging. We demonstrate a novel technique in which probe-based confocal endomicroscopy (pCLE) could be performed to microimage SPN in vivo and in real-time. Two confocal wavelengths (488 and 660 nm with methylene blue (MB)) were used for elastin network and cellular imaging, respectively using pCLE in conjunction with r-EBUS and virtual navigation. In the first case, the 1-mm Alveoflex was used to image a metastatic melanoma in a subcentimetric nodule in the right middle lobe. In the next case, a malignant 2-cm nodule in the posterior segment of the upper lobe was imaged using the smaller 0.6-mm Cholangioflex. Lastly, we present a benign case revealing confocal characteristics of a nodular lipid pneumonitis. This reports for the first time the feasibility and utility of pCLE in vivo microimaging of SPN using either the Alveoflex or Cholangioflex miniprobes in addition to 660 nm/MB imaging.
Temporal properties of singular and multiple fiber population electrospun fabrics (2016)

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Fluorine Analysis and Microstructural Evolution in Coated YBCO Conductor Deposited by Metal Trifluoroacetate Process (2005)

A solution based processes using metal trifluoroacetate (TFA) precursors is being developed for commercialization of Yttrium Barium Copper Oxide (YBCO) coated conductors. This nonvacuum technique uses inexpensive precursors and has the advantage of easy scalability, ease of composition control, eliminates carbonate formation during decomposition, and helps maintain film uniformity during heat treatment. However, fluorine remains incorporated in the YBCO film, depending on process conditions, and may result in a reduction of Jc. An appropriate heat treatment schedule ensures reduction of fluorine in the YBCO films as well as an improvement in microstructural properties. The aim of this work was to investigate the fluorine depth profile, density, and microstructural evolution of metal organic deposited (MOD) YBCO films with heat treatment using focused ion beam (FIB) microscopy, nuclear reaction analysis (NRA), and Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS). Multilayer structures studied consisted of 0.7 /spl mu/m to 2.0 /spl mu/m-thick YBCO layers deposited on a NiW alloy substrate buffered with CeO/sub 2//YSZ/Y/sub 2/O/sub 3/.
Electro-Osmotic Pulse (EOP) Technology for Control of Water Seepage in Concrete Structures (2002)

In older buildings, such as those common on U.S. Army installations, severe damp-basement problems can increase maintenance requirements and make affected areas uninhabitable or even unusable. In problem areas, the usual approach to solve groundwater intrusion problems is to excavate to expose the wall area and the base of the foundation ("trench") and then to replace damp proofing on the wall surface and to install a drain tile system around the building or affected area ("drain"). A commercial system that uses electro-osmotic pulse (EOP) technology within concrete structures offers an alternative to the trench-and-drain approach that can mitigate water-related problems from the interior (negative side) of affected areas without the cost of excavation. EOP technology is designed to extend the life of conventional repair methods. In basic terms, the EOP system uses pulses of electricity to reverse the flow of water seepage, actually causing moisture to flow out of the basement walls, away from the building. This study demonstrated and validated EOP technology by performing laboratory and field tests of a commercially available EOP system at selected Army installations, and by comparing the results of those test with the results of conventional dampness mitigation techniques.
A Dielectric Waveguide based Signal Distribution Network for Time Multiplexed Fixed Target Radar Measurements (2022)

This contribution handles the design of a broadband, dielectric waveguide based, signal distribution network at mmWave frequencies, which is applicable for non-conventional radar metrology. It provides a broadband multi-port, equal transmission behavior as well as time gating capabilities. Theoretical derivations concerning equal power distribution and time domain separations are presented with respect to transmission line losses and available bandwidth. Next to the fundamental design considerations, simulation and measurement results, proving the network's applicability, are presented and discussed in detail.
Inhibited oxidation in low-temperature grown GaAs surface layers observed by photoelectron spectroscopy (1996)

The surface oxidation characteristics of a GaAs layer structure consisting of a thin (10 nm) layer of low-temperature-grown GaAs (LTG:GaAs) on a heavily n-doped GaAs layer, both grown by molecular beam epitaxy, have been studied using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Between the layer growth and XPS characterization, the unannealed LTG:GaAs sample and a control sample without the LTG:GaAs surface layer were exposed to the atmosphere. The rate of surface oxidation in the sample with a LTG:GaAs surface layer was significantly lower than the oxidation rate of the control sample. This direct observation of inhibited oxidation confirms the surface stability of comparable structures inferred from earlier electrical measurements. The inhibited surface oxidation rate is attributed to the bulk Fermi-level pinning and the low minority carrier lifetime in unannealed LTG:GaAs.
Medial axis based solid representation (2004)

The medial axis (MA) of an object and medial axis transform (MAT) have many applications in solid modeling, computer graphics and other areas. Exact computation of MA is complex and various medial axis approximation algorithms were studied. One of the most successful is based on the computation of the Voronoi diagram of a set of sample points on the boundary of the object. Based on this method we present a novel representation of solids, which we call a pair-mesh. The pair-mesh is a deformable manifold surface triangulation where each node deforms between a pair of vertices one on the MA approximation and one on the boundary. Consequently, it provides a continuous map between the inner Voronoi based structure and the boundary of the shape, encompassing the topological structures of them both. This representation can also be seen as a partitioning of the volume between the two, where each element in the partition is either a tetrahedron or a pyramid and includes vertices from both the MA approximation and the reconstructed boundary.
Modeling Agents and their Environment: The Communication Environment. (2003)

Without an environment, an agent is effectively useless. Cut off from the rest of its world, the agent can neither sense nor act. An environment provides the conditions under which an entity (agent or object) can exist. It defines the properties of the world in which an agent will function. Designing effective agents requires careful consideration of both the physical and communicational aspects of their environment. This second part of this paper and deals with the communication environment.
Data Center Trends Toward Higher Ambient Inlet Temperatures and the Impact on Server Performance (2013)

With the extension of the 2011 ASHRAE Thermal Design Guidelines to incorporate a broader Class A3 and A4 specification, the server industry is trying to adapt to the changing landscape of industry best practices and initiatives, and adopt the new ASHRAE Class A3 and A4 environments. In order to accommodate the high ambient inlet conditions while meeting the IT efficiency initiatives in the industry, certain design considerations must occur and it becomes very important to understand the implication of adhering to Class A3 and A4 environments on the performance of the servers. This paper describes a study that was conducted to understand the impact on performance of different servers under various workloads and inlet ambient conditions specifically adhering to class A3 specification only. The results from the study are presented in this paper which shows that no performance impact was observed in a 35°C environment, and bounded by 2% running worst case applications at 40°C and 0% when running lighter loads.
Data-dependent concurrency control and recovery (Extended Abstract) (1983)

Maintaining the consistency of long-lived, on-line data is a difficult task, particularly in a distributed system. A variety of researchers have suggested atomicity as a fundamental organizational concept for such systems. In this paper we present a formal treatment of atomicity. Our treatment is novel in three respects: First, we treat serializability and recoverability together, facilitating the precise analysis of online implementations. Second, we explore how to analyze user specified semantic information to achieve greater concurrency. Third, we focus on local properties of components of a system, thus supporting modular design. We present three local properties, verify that they ensure atomicity, and show that they are optimal. Previously published protocols are suboptimal. We show that these differences are the result of fundamental limitations in the model used to analyze those protocols; these limitations are not shared by our model.
Selektive Isomerisierung kettenförmiger Kohlenwasserstoffe an der äußeren Oberfläche von Zeolithkristallen (1995)

Ein Mechanismus wurde gefunden , der die bei Isomerisierungen langkettiger Alkane an ZSM‐22‐ und SA‐PO‐11‐Katalysatoren erhaltenen Produktverteilungen so gut erklärt, daß nun maßgeschneiderte Reaktionen zur Synthese verzweigter Kohlenwasserstoffe leicht möglich sein sollten. Die Reaktionen laufen an der äußeren Katalysatoroberfläche nach dem Schlüssel‐Schloß‐Prinzip ab (Bild rechts), womit das klassische Konzept der formselektiven Katalyse im Inneren von Mikroporen wesentlich erweitert wird. magnified image
Genetic Dissection of Type 1 Diabetes Susceptibility Gene, Idd3, by Ancestral Haplotype Congenic Mapping (2002)

One of the strongest non-MHC susceptibility genes for type 1 diabetes, Idd3, has been mapped to a 0.15-cM segment of chromosome 3, where a strong candidate gene, Il2, encoding cytokine IL2, is located. To prove that the NOD allele of Il2 is responsible for the Idd3 effect, it is necessary to find a recombinant chromosome with the NOD allele of Il2, but with different flanking markers from NOD mice, and to demonstrate that NOD mouse strains that are congenic for the recombinant Il2 region develop type 1 diabetes with similar incidence and age at onset of the disease. As a first step in this approach, we searched for recombinant Il2 region in NOD-related strains derived from the same outbred colony, Jcl:ICR. The same Il2 allele as is found in the NOD mouse was found in four out of seven NOD-related strains, indicating that the NOD allele of Il2 is common in NOD-related strains. One of these strains, IIS, was found to have a recombinant Il2 region with the same Il2 allele as the NOD, but different alleles at flanking markers from the NOD mouse. A preliminary study on a NOD strain congenic for the Il2 region of IIS has shown that the Il2 region of IIS confers susceptibility to type 1 diabetes, suggesting that Il2 may be responsible for the Idd3 effect.
[Diabetic retinopathy: new therapeutic possibilities]. (2015)

Diabetic retinopathy affects an increasing number of persons, about 4 millions in Europe, a number that will probably double until 2030. If we consider that 25-30% of patients are affected by diabetic retinopathy, an ophthalmologic screening and early therapy will allow a better visual prognosis and avoid severe ocular complications such as diabetic macular edema and proliferative diabetic retinopathy. A summary of current ophthalmologic literature was performed and was focused on the role of anti-VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) therapies and intraocular drug delivery of corticosteroids in a pathology that was recently classified in inflammatory pathologies.
Computational holographic camera with a dielectric metasurface diffuser (2019)

We experimentally demonstrate computational complex optical field imaging by a metasurface diffuser and the speckle-correlation scattering matrix method. Thus, we show that the metasurface diffuser can outperform conventional scattering media in context of computational imaging.
Distributed Intrinsic Chemical Agent Sensing and Transmission (2006)

This paper discusses the problem of detecting chemical substances of military and homeland security interest over extended regions, and describes a fiber optic sensor cable whose entire length is sensitive to such substances.
Ender nail fixation of pediatric femur fractures: a biomechanical analysis. (2001)

Biomechanical testing was performed to determine the effects of flexible intramedullary nail fixation on simulated transverse and comminuted midshaft femur fractures using two Ender nails. A synthetic adolescent-size femur model was used. The axial and rotational stiffness values for the simulated comminuted fracture were equivalent to those of the transverse fracture under "touch-down weight-bearing" loads. These data suggest that length and rotational control of comminuted midshaft femur fractures with two divergent Ender nails may be sufficient for early mobilization.