gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of two indices of crown fire hazard and their application in a western Montana ponderosa pine stand (1998)

Development of two indices of crown fire hazard and their application in a western Montana ponderosa pine stand (75 pp.
Diagnostic Immunophenotype of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Before and Early During Therapy With All-trans Retinoic Acid (2014)

Information about recent ATRA administration is critical for adequate interpretation of the flow cytometric findings in patients with suspected APL.
Direct Signal Control combined with dynamic, Fast Online Customized (FOCUS) parallel transmit excitation pulses for TSE at 7 Tesla (2023)

Direct Signal Control with Variable Excitation and Refocusing (DiSCoVER) was combined with a dynamic, Fast Online-Customized (FOCUS) parallel transmit excitation pulse for a 3D TSE sequence using an 8Tx/32Rx head RF coil at 7 Tesla. DSC could improve the signal, mainly in the cerebellum region compared to CP mode. FOCUS excitation pulses achieve better FA and phase homogeneity than static pTx pulses (standardly used in DiSCoVER). Combining a FOCUS excitation pulse with DiSCoVER-optimized refocusing pulses, led to signal gain across the echoes, which was evaluated in simulations for 132 subjects. Universal and individual DiSCoVER-refocusing pulses showed comparable performance.
TU-E-BRA-05: Reverse Geometry Imaging with MV Detector for Improved Image Resolution (2012)

A novel method of improving the image resolution at MV energies was demonstrated. The improvements should be more pronounced with increased scintillator thickness. Funding support provided by NIH (grant number NIH R01 CA138426).
Supplementary Data from A Phase II Trial of Hu14.18K322A in Combination with Induction Chemotherapy in Children with Newly Diagnosed High-Risk Neuroblastoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Tables of antibody infusion times and Curie Scores&lt;/p&gt;
Constructive and destructive interaction modes between two tandem flexible flags in viscous flow (2010)

Two tandem flexible flags in viscous flow were modelled by numerical simulation using an improved version of the immersed boundary method. The flexible flapping flag and the vortices produced by an upstream flag were found to interact via either a constructive or destructive mode. These interaction modes gave rise to significant differences in the drag force acting on the downstream flapping flag in viscous flow. The constructive mode increased the drag force, while the destructive mode decreased the drag force. Drag on the downstream flexible body was investigated as a function of the streamwise and spanwise gap distances, and the bending coefficient of the flexible flags at intermediate Reynolds numbers (200 ≤ Re ≤ 400).
Gouy phase anomaly in astigmatic beams (2010)

We simulate the newly predicted [5] Gouy phase anomaly near astigmatic foci of Gaussian beams using a beam propagation algorithm integrated with lens design software and compare computational results with experimental data.
Domain imaging of magnetic recording media by spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy (1999)

Spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscope (SP-STM) make it possible to measure the magnetization of substance on an atomic scale, a capability which bas already been applied in research projects of various groups [1]-[5].
A practical approach for photometric acquisition of hair color (2009)

In this work a practical approach to photometric acquisition of hair color is presented. Based on a single input photograph of a simple setup we are able to extract physically plausible optical properties of hair and to render virtual hair closely matching the original. Our approach does not require any costly special hardware but a standard consumer camera only.
Tandem mass specatrometry of carbonic anhydrase (29 kDa) (1995)

Abstract Using electrospray ionization with a Fourier‐transform mass spectrometer, MS/MS of molecular ions and seven fragment ions of carbonic anhydrase (259 amino acids) yields 74 identifiable fragment ions, including 23 amino acid spacings. Such sensitive and specific direct characterization of proteins appears to be complementary to conventional techniques including LC/MS/MS sequencing of oligopeptides from protein degradation.
Utilizing Augmented Reality to Quantify Information Processing and Motor Performance in Military Personnel to Detect Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (P8-1.002) (2023)

Utilize augmented reality (AR) to create military specific scenarios that can be objectively quantified and used to facilitate the detection of and return-to-duty (RTD) following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
Blending Studies of Poly(siloxane acetylene) and Poly(carborane siloxane acetylene) (1997)

High temperature thermosets and ceramics have been synthesized by heat treatment of various blends of poly (siloxane-acetylene) and poly (carborane-siloxane-acetylene). The polymeric blends give high char yields on pyrolysis, and the resultant chars show excellent oxidative stability to at least 1500 °C. The thermosets and ceramic chars show similar oxidative stability to previously studied copolymers containing varying amounts of siloxane, carborane, and acetylene units within the backbone. It has been determined that only a small percentage of carborane is necessary to provide this oxidation protection. Thus, these precursor linear hybrid polymers are more cost-effective than previous polymers which contained carborane in each repeating unit.
The effect of laser remelting on the surface chemistry of Ti6al4V components fabricated by selective laser melting (2016)

Surface remelting/skin scanning of components is generally performed during the selective laser melting (SLM) process to improve the surface quality of a part. However, the chemical effects of surface remelting are not well understood. In this study, cuboidal parts fabricated with and without laser remelting were characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface profilometry and X-ray photoelectron spectrophotometry (XPS). The SEM images showed a low-amplitude undulating pattern was observed on both surfaces. The surface chemistries of the surface remelted/skin scanned (SK) and non-surface remelted/non-skin scanned (NSK) samples were observed to significantly differ in their elemental composition. The thickness of the surface oxide layer of the SK surface was double that of the NSK surface. Also, the contribution of the major alloying elements, including titanium and aluminium, on the surface oxide layer varied for both NSK and SK surfaces. The surface chemistry of the NSK and SK surface was significantly different to a conventionally forged (CF) Ti6Al4V surface. The rate of decrease of oxide with depth was in the order of CF > NSK > SK. Although surface remelting is useful in rendering improved surface quality, its impact on surface chemistry should be carefully considered.
Ultrafast electronic disordering during femtosecond laser melting of GaAs (1991)

We have observed an ultrarapid electronic phase transformation to a centrosymmetric electronic state during laser excitation of GaAs with intense femtosecond pulses. Reflection second-harmonic intensity from the upper 90 atomic layers vanishes within 100 fs; reflectivity rises within 0.5 ps to a steady value characteristic of a metallic molten phase, long before phonon emission can heat the lattice to the melting temperature.
Data Fitting to Study Ablated Hard Dental Tissues by Nanosecond Laser Irradiation (2016)

Laser ablation of dental hard tissues is one of the most important laser applications in dentistry. Many works have reported the interaction of laser radiations with tooth material to optimize laser parameters such as wavelength, energy density, etc. This work has focused on determining the relationship between energy density and ablation thresholds using pulsed, 5 nanosecond, neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet; Nd:Y3Al5O12 (Nd:YAG) laser at 1064 nanometer. For enamel and dentin tissues, the ablations have been performed using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique. The ablation thresholds and relationship between energy densities and peak areas of calcium lines, which appeared in LIBS, were determined using data fitting. Furthermore, the morphological changes were studied using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Moreover, the chemical stability of the tooth material after ablation has been studied using Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX). The differences between carbon atomic % of non-irradiated and irradiated samples were tested using statistical t-test. Results revealed that the best fitting between energy densities and peak areas of calcium lines were exponential and linear for enamel and dentin, respectively. In addition, the ablation threshold of Nd:YAG lasers in enamel was higher than that of dentin. The morphology of the surrounded ablated region of enamel showed thermal damages. For enamel, the EDX quantitative analysis showed that the atomic % of carbon increased significantly when laser energy density increased.
Improvement in impact strength of modified cardanol‐bonded cellulose thermoplastic resin by adding modified silicones (2014)

ABSTRACT The impact strength of cellulose diacetate (CDA) bonded with a modified cardanol (3‐pentadecylphenoxy acetic acid: PAA) was greatly improved up to 9 kJ/m 2 by adding a relatively small amount of modified silicones while suppressing a decrease in bending strength. In our recent research, this thermoplastic resin (PAA‐bonded CDA) exhibited high rigidity, glass transition temperature, and water resistance. However, its impact strength was insufficient for use in durable products. Therefore, silicones modified with polyether, amino, and epoxy groups were investigated as possible ways to improve the impact strength. The results show that adding polyether‐modified silicone (polyether silicone) with moderate polarity relative to PAA‐bonded CDA resulted in shearing deformation greatly enhances its impact strength while maintaining other properties, including glass transition temperature ( T g ), water resistance, and thermoplasticity. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131 , 40366.
Diamond-Studded Helical Traveling Wave Tube (2005)

A novel method of millimeter-wave traveling wave tube (TWT) slow-wave circuit fabrication, employing laser micromachining and the in situ growth of diamond studs as an insulating dielectric, has been developed, which would enable a new class of very wideband, low distortion, high-efficiency amplifiers. Because the slow-wave circuit is supported by an array of diamond studs, rather than the conventional dielectric rods, we have named this novel device the diamond-studded TWT. Diamond strips have been successfully grown on a molybdenum tube and a diamond-studded helix has been produced using laser micromachining. Computer analysis of the slow-wave structure indicate that this fabrication technique leads naturally to a circuit with nearly flat dispersion over a frequency range, in some configurations, of more than four octaves. Typically, wide bandwidth can only be achieved by reducing efficiency; however, this fabrication technique increases the interaction impedance of the circuit, enabling high efficiency operation without sacrificing bandwidth. The very low dispersion also results in a coupling impedance that is relatively insensitive to frequency that may enable low reflection coupling over a wide frequency band. The resulting slow-wave circuit is essentially a brazed structure and, therefore, inherently robust thermally and mechanically. The manufacturing technology being pursued is applicable to any millimeter-wave helical or helix-derived TWT.
Data from Ligand-Specific Antibodies to Insulin-Like Growth Factors Suppress Intestinal Polyp Formation in <i>Apc</i><sup>+/−</sup> Mice (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I and IGF-II) play important roles in intestinal tumorigenesis. To investigate the effectiveness of IGF-targeting strategies, we conducted an &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; study using anti-mouse neutralizing antibodies IGF-I (KM3168) and IGF-II (KM1468). Six- and 10-week-old &lt;i&gt;Apc&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+/−&lt;/sup&gt; mice were given KM3168 and/or KM1468 i.p. at two doses (0.01 or 0.1 μg/g weight) once or twice weekly for 4 weeks. To clarify the source of IGFs &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;, we evaluated the expression levels of IGFs in the liver, normal small intestine, and polyps of the small intestine of &lt;i&gt;Apc&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+/−&lt;/sup&gt; mice. The phosphorylation status of IGF signal–related molecules was examined using immunostaining to understand the mechanism underlying the effects of IGF-neutralizing antibody. The plasma half-life was 168 for KM3168 and 85 hours for KM1468. In two lineages of &lt;i&gt;Apc&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+/−&lt;/sup&gt; mice (&lt;i&gt;Apc&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1309&lt;/sup&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Apc&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Min/+&lt;/sup&gt;), a low dose (0.01 μg/g weight) of KM3168 and KM1468 significantly reduced the number of polyps when given once and twice weekly, respectively. Combined administration of the effective dose of each antibody had an additive effect. The liver was the main source of IGF-I, whereas the polyps of the small intestine and normal small intestine were the main source of IGF-II. IGF-neutralizing antibodies decreased the phosphorylation of IGF type 1 receptor and inhibited the signal transduction of the Akt pathway. These results suggest that IGF-I and IGF-II play important roles in polyp formation in &lt;i&gt;Apc&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+/−&lt;/sup&gt; mice and that specific antibodies to IGF-I and IGF-II may be promising antitumor agents. Mol Cancer Ther; 9(2); 419–28&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Defense-enabling using advanced middleware-an example (2002)

Many intrusions into computer systems target specific applications with an intent; to stop them from functioning properly. The traditional security engineering approach attempts to secure the infrastructure: the hardware, the network and operating system, with the goal of preventing such attacks getting through to any application running on these platforms. We propose a. complementary approach that aims to ensure the applications' continued ability to provide useful service despite the ongoing attack(s). This approach, called defense-enabling, uses an adaptive middleware to coordinate services of multiple mechanisms that are not normally part of the application's functional objectives. Defense-enabling an application involves focusing on a set of attacks, developing a strategy to defend against these attacks and systematically incorporating the strategy in the application. The topic of this paper is the technology underlying the concept. We show how services of various mechanisms, organized and coordinated by an adaptive middleware, support the implementation of an application's defense strategy. We believe that the increased resilience obtained by defense-enabling would be significant for critical military applications.
Transistor sizing of energy-delay--efficient circuits (2002)

This paper studies the problem of transistor sizing of CMOS circuits optimized for energy-delay efficiency, i.e., for optimal Etn where E is the energy consumption and t is the delay of the circuit, while n is a fixed positive optimization index that reflects the chosen trade-off between energy and delay.We propose a set of analytical formulas that closely approximate the optimal transistor sizes. We then study an efficient iteration procedure that can further improve the original analytical solution. Based on these results, we introduce a novel transistor sizing algorithm for energy-delay efficiency.
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation in Astrocytes by Laquinimod Ameliorates Autoimmune Inflammation in the CNS (2021)

Taken together, these findings suggest that AHR activation by clinically relevant AHR agonists may represent a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of MS.
Epidemiology, treatment and outcome of patients with lower respiratory tract infection presenting to emergency departments with dyspnoea (AANZDEMandEuroDEMstudies) (2021)

TEST 02 - Elsevier's Scopus, the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature. Search and access research from the science, technology, medicine, social sciences and arts and humanities fields.
Diagnostik und operative Therapie der Otosklerose (2018)

Otosclerosis is an important condition for the otorhinolaryngologist, and often in (differential) diagnosis and therapy challenging disease. Although a causal therapy option does not exist until today, if the diagnosis is correct, an operative or apparative hearing rehabilitation with very high chances of success can be promised. In addition to hearing aids surgical treatment with passive implants as a standard therapy, and in special cases also the implantation of active middle ear implants or cochlear implants, in advanced otosclerosis with significant involvement of the inner ear, are of importance. Knowledge of the definition, pathogenesis, diagnostics and in particular of the differential diagnosis as well as the current conservative and operative therapeutic limits are indispensable for the indication and selection of the optimal treatment path.In a two-part presentation, the current specialist medical knowledge of the disease in diagnosis and therapy is summarized. In addition to modern diagnostic procedures, aspects of therapy and prognosis are considered in a second article. This article therefore primarily refers to continuing education for residents in training and for young specialists.
1.2kV class SiC MOSFETs with improved performance over wide operating temperature (2014)

In this paper, we report on 1.2kV SiC MOSFETs rated to T <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">j, max</inf> =200°C, exhibiting improved performance characteristics across operating temperature. Our devices show stable, rugged and reliable operation when subjected to industry standard qualification tests. Low on-resistance of 35mOhm/79mOhm at T <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">j</inf> =25°C and 47mOhm/103mOhms at T <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">j</inf> =150°C are shown for 0.1cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and 0.2cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> die. 1000 hour High-Temperature Gate-Bias (HTGB) tests at T <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">j</inf> =200°C show excellent threshold stability with less than 5% parametric shift observed. High-Temperature Reverse Bias (HTRB) at T <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">j</inf> =200°C/V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DS</inf> =960V also show stable and reliable operation. Single-pulse avalanche energies of over E <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Av</inf> =1.75J are obtained with 0.1cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> MOSFETs.
A role for interleukin-12/23 in the maturation of human natural killer and CD56+ T cells in vivo (2008)

Natural killer (NK) cells have been originally defined by their "naturally occurring" effector function. However, only a fraction of human NK cells is reactive toward a panel of prototypical tumor cell targets in vitro, both for the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and for their cytotoxic response. In patients with IL12RB1 mutations that lead to a complete IL-12Rbeta1 deficiency, the size of this naturally reactive NK cell subset is diminished, in particular for the IFN-gamma production. Similar data were obtained from a patient with a complete deficit in IL-12p40. In addition, the size of the subset of effector memory T cells expressing CD56 was severely decreased in IL-12Rbeta1- and IL-12p40-deficient patients. Human NK cells thus require in vivo priming with IL-12/23 to acquire their full spectrum of functional reactivity, while T cells are dependent upon IL-12/23 signals for the differentiation and/or the maintenance of CD56(+) effector memory T cells. The susceptibility of IL-12/23 axis-deficient patients to Mycobacterium and Salmonella infections in combination with the absence of mycobacteriosis or salmonellosis in the rare cases of human NK cell deficiencies point to a role for CD56(+) T cells in the control of these infections in humans.
Renal Artery Stenosis in Transplant Patients (1984)

Although hypertension appears not infrequently among recipients of kidney transplants, renal artery stenosis is relatively rare as a causative factor. A 23-year experience of patients receiving kidney grafts at the Brigham and Women's Hospital was reviewed to ascertain the incidence of renal artery stenosis and its surgical management. Risk factors leading to the condition and selection of patients for operation are emphasized. The incidence of arterial stenosis severe enough to require operation was 2.7% of 914 kidney transplants; the overall incidence in these patients is unknown, although operated patients comprise about one-half of those undergoing arteriography to diagnose hypertension. The mean time for development of the condition was 21.4 months from date of engraftment. A successful outcome as measured by fall in blood pressure and/or serum creatinine was achieved in 14 of 21 patients (67%) in whom surgical repair of the effected artery was undertaken. Reparative surgery was unsuccessful in seven patients, although hypertension was improved in one of these individuals following transplant nephrectomy. Surgery was never undertaken in four patients because of chronic rejection noted on biopsy. There was no mortality. Operative repair should be offered to patients with renal artery stenosis leading to unmanageable hypertension or renal dysfunction, but withheld from those with documented chronic rejection regardless of major arterial compromise.
Figure S1, Figure S2, Figure S3, Figure S4, and Figure S5 from Combination Therapy with Bispecific Antibodies and PD-1 Blockade Enhances the Antitumor Potency of T Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Combined file of Fig.S1 thru Fig.S5 - Fig. S1. Biochemical characterization of 5G9.G1.B11. Fig. S2. Binding of 5G9.G1.B11 to native PD-1. Fig. S3. Blocking activities of 5G9.G1.B11. Fig. S4. Biochemical characterization of cPD-1. Fig. S5. Binding of cPD-1 to SpESF-X10-2D1 cells transfected to overexpress human PD-1.&lt;/p&gt;