gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Estimation of Temperature Distribution in Cylindrical Battery Cells Under Unknown Cooling Conditions (2014)

The estimation of temperature inside a battery cell requires accurate information about the cooling conditions even when the battery surface temperature is measured. This paper presents a model-based approach for estimating temperature distribution inside a cylindrical battery under unknown convective cooling conditions. A reduced-order thermal model using a polynomial approximation of the temperature profile inside the battery is used. A dual Kalman filter (DKF), a combination of a Kalman filter and an extended Kalman filter, is then applied for the identification of the convection coefficient and the estimation of the battery core temperature. The thermal properties are modeled by volume averaged lumped-values under the assumption of a homogeneous and isotropic volume. The model is parameterized and validated using experimental data from a 2.3 Ah 26650 lithium-iron-phosphate battery cell with a forced-air convective cooling during hybrid electric vehicle drive cycles. Experimental results show that the proposed DKF-based estimation method can provide an accurate prediction of the core temperature under unknown cooling conditions by measuring battery current and voltage along with surface and ambient temperatures.
<title>Image segmentation using wavelet-domain classification</title> (1999)

We introduce a new image texture segmentation algorithm, HMTseg, based on wavelet-domain hidden Markov tree (HMT) models. The HMT model is a tree-structured probabilistic graph that captures the statistical properties of wavelet coefficients. Since the HMT is particularly well suited to images containing singularities, it provides a good classifier for textures. Utilizing the inherent tree structure of the wavelet HMT and its fast training and likelihood computation algorithms, we perform multiscale texture classification at various scales. Since HMTseg works on the wavelet transform of the image, it can directly segment wavelet-compressed images, without the need for decompression. We demonstrate the performance of HMTseg with synthetic, aerial photo, and document image segmentations.
Capillary electrophoresis applied to DNA: determining and harnessing sequence and structure to advance bioanalyses (2009–2014) (2015)

This review of capillary electrophoresis methods for DNA analyses covers critical advances from 2009 to 2014, referencing 184 citations. Separation mechanisms based on free-zone capillary electrophoresis, Ogston sieving, and reptation are described. Two prevalent gel matrices for gel-facilitated sieving, which are linear polyacrylamide and polydimethylacrylamide, are compared in terms of performance, cost, viscosity, and passivation of electroosmotic flow. The role of capillary electrophoresis in the discovery, design, and characterization of DNA aptamers for molecular recognition is discussed. Expanding and emerging techniques in the field are also highlighted.
Fabrication of a white electroluminescent device based on bilayered yellow and blue quantum dots (2015)

Until now most work on colloidal quantum dot-light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) has been focused on the improvement of the electroluminescent (EL) performance of monochromatic devices, and multi-colored white QLEDs comprising more than one type of QD emitter have been rarely investigated. To demonstrate a white EL as a result of color mixing between blue and yellow, herein a unique combination of two dissimilar QDs of blue- CdZnS/ZnS plus a yellow-emitting Cu-In-S (CIS)/ZnS is used for the formation of the emitting layer (EML) of a multilayered QLED. First, the QLED consisting of a single EML randomly mixed with two QDs is fabricated, however, its EL is dominated by blue emission with the contribution of yellow emission substantially weaker. Thus, another EML configuration is devised in the form of a QD bilayer with two stacking sequences of CdZnS/ZnS//CIS/ZnS QD and vice versa. The QLED with the former stacking sequence shows an overwhelming contribution of blue EL, similar to the mixed QD EML-based device. Upon applying the oppositely stacked QD bilayer of CIS/ZnS//CdZnS/ZnS, however, a bicolored white EL can be successfully achieved by means of the effective extension of the radiative excitonic recombination zone throughout both QD EML regions. Such QD EML configuration-dependent EL results, which are discussed primarily using the proposed device energy level diagram, strongly suggest that the positional design of individual QD emitters is a critical factor for the realization of multicolored, white emissive devices.
Optimization of a Membraneless Glucose/Oxygen Enzymatic Fuel Cell Based on a Bioanode with High Coulombic Efficiency and Current Density (2013)

After initial testing and optimization of anode biocatalysts, a membraneless glucose/oxygen enzymatic biofuel cell possessing high coulombic efficiency and power output was fabricated and characterized. Two sugar oxidizing enzymes, namely, pyranose dehydrogenase from Agaricus meleagris (AmPDH) and flavodehydrogenase domains of various cellobiose dehydrogenases (DH(CDH)) were tested during the pre-screening. The enzymes were mixed, "wired" and entrapped in a low-potential Os-complex-modified redox-polymer hydrogel immobilized on graphite. This anode was used in combination with a cathode based on bilirubin oxidase from Myrothecium verrucaria adsorbed on graphite. Optimization showed that the current density for the mixed enzyme electrode could be further improved by using a genetically engineered variant of the non-glycosylated flavodehydrogenase domain of cellobiose dehydrogenase from Corynascus thermophilus expressed in E. coli (ngDH(CtCDHC310Y)) with a high glucose-turnover rate in combination with an Os-complex-modified redox polymer with a high concentration of Os complexes as well as a low-density graphite electrode. The optimized biofuel cell with the AmPDH/ngDH(CtCDHC310Y) anode showed not only a similar maximum voltage as with the biofuel cell based only on the ngDH(CtCDHC310Y) anode (0.55 V) but also a substantially improved maximum power output (20 μW cm(-2)) at 300 mV cell voltage in air-saturated physiological buffer. Most importantly, the estimated half-life of the mixed biofuel cell can reach up to 12 h, which is apparently longer than that of a biofuel cell in which the bioanode is based on only one single enzyme.
Development and radiosynthesis of the first 18F‐labeled inhibitor of monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) (2019)

Monocarboxylate transporters 1 and 4 (MCT1 and MCT4) are involved in tumor development and progression. Their expression levels are related to clinical disease prognosis. Accordingly, both MCTs are promising drug targets for treatment of a variety of human cancers. The noninvasive imaging of these MCTs in cancers is regarded to be advantageous for assessing MCT-mediated effects on chemotherapy and radiosensitization using specific MCT inhibitors. Herein, we describe a method for the radiosynthesis of [<sup>18</sup> F]FACH ((E)-2-cyano-3-{4-[(3-[<sup>18</sup> F]fluoropropyl)(propyl)amino]-2-methoxyphenyl}acrylic acid), as a novel radiolabeled MCT1/4 inhibitor for imaging with PET. A fluorinated analog of α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (FACH) was synthesized, and the inhibition of MCT1 and MCT4 was measured via an L-[<sup>14</sup> C]lactate uptake assay. Radiolabeling was performed by a two-step protocol comprising the radiosynthesis of the intermediate (E)/(Z)-[<sup>18</sup> F]tert-Bu-FACH (tert-butyl (E)/(Z)-2-cyano-3-{4-[(3-[<sup>18</sup> F]fluoropropyl)(propyl)amino]-2-methoxyphenyl}acrylate) followed by deprotection of the tert-butyl group. The radiofluorination was successfully implemented using either K[<sup>18</sup> F]F-K<sub>2.2.2</sub> -carbonate or [<sup>18</sup> F]TBAF. The final deprotected product [<sup>18</sup> F]FACH was only obtained when [<sup>18</sup> F]tert-Bu-FACH was formed by the latter procedure. After optimization of the deprotection reaction, [<sup>18</sup> F]FACH was obtained in high radiochemical yields (39.6 ± 8.3%, end of bombardment (EOB) and radiochemical purity (greater than 98%).
Effects of CrRu–SiOx underlayer with MgO intermediate layer on the microstructure and magnetic properties of FePt–C thin film (2011)

The effect of the CrRu–SiOx underlayer with different doping concentrations and the thickness of the CrRu underlayer on the microstructure and magnetic properties of FePt–C films were investigated. FePt films exhibited L10 (001) texture at various SiOx doping concentrations. The coercivities were as large as 28 kOe and the slope of M–H loop at coercivity was approximately equal to 1, suggesting that FePt grains were well exchange decoupled. Grain size was only slightly reduced after introducing the CrRu–SiOx underlayer. But the contact angle between the FePt grains and the MgO intermediate layer around 135° indicated the a MgO intermediate layer was not favored for smaller grains to obtain good L10 (001) texture. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in-depth profile showed that Si diffused into a whole FePt–C layer and C diffused to the film surface.
Brittle-Ductile Fracture Transition of Pipeline Steel and COR-TEN O Steel at Low Temperature (2003)

In this research, the fracture experiments of pipeline steel X65,COR-TEN O and HT60 are carried out over the temperature range from -196℃ to room temperature and the brittle-ductile transition behaviors at low temperature are examined experimentally. The finite element analyses are carried out for the fracture experiments and the relationship between the fracture resistance and temperature is studied based on the CED (crack energy density). The brittle-ductile transition temperature range of X65 is higher than those of COR-TEN O and HT60. In the case of X65,the temperature range that the fracture resistance changes dramatically is lower than the brittle-ductile transition temperature range.
Deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase of bacteriophage T7. Characterization of the exonuclease activities of the gene 5 protein and the reconstituted polymerase. (1979)

Homogeneous gene 5 protein of bacteriophage T7, a subunit of T7 DNA polymerase, catalyzes the stepwise hydrolysis of single-stranded DNA in a 3' leads to 5' direction to yield nucleoside 5'-monophosphates. The gene 5 protein itself does not hydrolyze duplex DNA. However, in the presence of Escherichia coli thioredoxin, the host-specified subunit of T7 DNA polymerase, duplex DNA is hydrolyzed in a 3' leads to 5' direction to yield nucleoside 5'-monophosphates. The apparent Km for thioredoxin in the reaction is 4.8 x 10(-8) M, a value similar to that for the apparent Km of thioredoxin in the complementation assay with gene 5 protein to restore T7 DNA polymerase activity. Both exonuclease activities require Mg2+ and a sulfhydryl reagent for optimal activity, and both activities are sensitive to salt concentration. Deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphates inhibit hydrolysis by both exonuclease activities; hydrolysis of single-stranded DNA by the gene 5 protein is inhibited even in the absence of thioredoxin where there is less than 2% active T7 DNA polymerase. E. coli DNA binding protein (helix destabilizing protein) stimulates the hydrolysis of duplex DNA up to 9-fold under conditions where the hydrolysis of the single-stranded DNA is inhibited 4-fold.
1. Prevention for Chronic Heart Failure. (2012)

慢性心不全の罹患率は増加の一途をたどり，その管理，予防に対する正しい理解と対策が不可欠である．慢性心不全は，あらゆる心疾患によって発症するが，中でも虚血性心疾患および高血圧に起因する心不全は少なくない．これらの疾患を予防することが心不全の予防につながるため，生活習慣病の改善が予防の基本となる．食事療法，運動療法，禁煙，睡眠といった生活指導が全ての重症度の心不全において重要である．
Incorporating Prediction into Adaptive Streaming Algorithms (2018)

Streaming over the wireless channel is challenging due to rapid fluctuations in available throughput. Encouraged by recent advances in cellular throughput prediction based on radio link metrics, we examine the impact on Quality of Experience (QoE) when using prediction within existing algorithms based on the DASH standard. By design, DASH algorithms estimate available throughput at the application level from chunk rates and then apply some averaging function. We investigate alternatives for modifying these algorithms, by providing the algorithms direct predictions in place of estimates or feeding predictions in place of measurement samples. In addition, we explore different prediction horizons going from one to three chunk durations. Furthermore, we induce different levels of error to ideal prediction values to analyse deterioration in user QoE as a function of average error.
Mechanism of decomposition of (E)-methanediazoate in aqueous solutions (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism of decomposition of (E)-methanediazoate in aqueous solutionsJari Hovinen, Jari I. Finneman, Surya N. Satapathy, Jian Ho, and James C. FishbeinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 26, 10321–10328Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00052a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00052a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views127Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The effects of feeding history and environment on condition, body composition and growth of bluegills Lepomis macrochirus (2010)

Initial relative mass (W(R), low v. high) and energetic trajectory in time (starved v. fed) were experimentally manipulated in bluegill Lepomis macrochirus. Fed fish starting at low W(R) grew more and gained more W(R) than fed fish starting at high W(R). Similarly, starved fish starting at high W(R) lost more mass and W(R) than did starved fish starting at low W(R). Temporal changes in other variables did not consistently match that of W(R), but, by the end of the experiment, proximate composition showed a high correlation to W(R). Regression slopes of W(R) on proximate composition increased with time in the laboratory. Differences between wild and laboratory fish appeared to result from relaxation of environmental stress. When excess resources are available such that L. macrochirus grow, condition indices will increase, but individual response will depend on initial values and thus past environmental experience.
Waste-Derived Sustainable Fluorescent Nanocarbon-Coated Breathable Functional Fabric for Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Applications (2023)

Hospital-acquired (nosocomial) infections account for the majority of adverse health effects during care delivery, placing an immense financial strain on healthcare systems around the world. For the first time, the present article provides evidence of a straightforward pollution-free technique to fabricate a heteroatom-doped carbon dot immobilized fluorescent biopolymer composite for the development of functional textiles with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. A simple, facile, and eco-friendly approach was devised to prepare heteroatom-doped carbon dots from waste green tea and a biopolymer. The carbon dots showed an excitation-dependent emission behavior, and the XPS data unveiled that they are co-doped with nitrogen and sulfur. A facile physical compounding strategy was adopted to fabricate a carbon dot reinforced biopolymeric composite followed by immobilization onto the textile. The composite textiles revealed excellent antioxidant activity, determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (>80%) and 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid assays (>90%). The results of the disc diffusion assay indicated that the composite textiles substantially inhibited the growth of both tested bacteria <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> with increasing coating cycles. The time-dependent antibacterial experiments revealed that the nanocomposite can inhibit significant bacterial growth within a few hours. The present study could open up the possibility for the commercialization of inexpensive smart textile substrates for the prevention of microbial contamination used for the medical and healthcare field.
Abstract #LB-289: Dietary zinc deficiency induces a proinflammatory gene signature in forestomach mucosa and predisposes COX-2 null mice to carcinogenesis (2009)

Background & Aims: Dietary zinc-deficiency (ZD) in humans is associated with an increased risk of esophageal cancer. In rodents, ZD predisposes to carcinogenesis by causing cellular proliferation and alterations in gene expression. In ZD mice, targeted disruption of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) pathway by genetic deletion did not prevent chemically induced forestomach tumorigenesis as it did in mice on a zinc-sufficient (ZS) diet (Int J Cancer 2008; 122:978-89). ZD caused hyperplasia in COX-2-/- mouse forestomach and enhanced chemically induced forestomach carcinogenesis in COX-2-/- versus wild-type (Wt) mice. To test the hypothesis that under ZD conditions alternative cancer pathways are induced in COX-2-/- forestomach that abolish the beneficial effects of blocking the COX-2 pathway, we evaluated expression profiles of forestomach mucosa from COX-2-/- and Wt mice on a ZD versus ZS diet. Methods: Expression analysis were performed on ZD:COX-2-/-, ZS:COX-2-/-, ZD:Wt, and ZS:Wt forestomach mucosa (n = 4/group), using GeneChip® Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array (Affymetrix). The role of a top up-regulated gene S100 calcium binding protein A8 (S100A8) in COX-2-/- mouse forestomach preneoplasia is characterized by immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: ZD induced a protumorigenic gene signature in ZD:COX-2-/- vs ZD:Wt mouse forestomach. Upregulation of the inflammation-associated genes S100A8/A9, mast cell protease 1 and 2 (MCPT1/2); keratin tumor markers (KRT6, KRT8, KRT16, KRT18, KRT19); and deleted in malignant brains tumors 1 (DMBT1) was found in ZD:COX-2-/- vs ZD:Wt forestomach but not in ZS:COX-2-/- vs ZS:Wt forestomach. Instead, ZS:COX-2-/- showed upregulation of gastrokine 1 and 2 (GKN1/2 ), trefoil factor 1 (TFF1), and mucin 5, subtypes A and C, tracheobronchial (MUC5AC). Independent of genotype, ZD induced a similar protumorigenic gene signature in ZD:COX-2-/- vs ZS:COX-2-/- and in ZD:Wt vs ZS:Wt mouse forestomach. The finding that ZD induces S100A8/A9 overexpression in COX-2-/- and Wt mouse forestomach is consistent with our recent report that in rat esophagus zinc regulates S100A8 expression and modulates the link between S100A8-RAGE interaction and downstream NF-\#954;\#914;/COX-2 signaling, an inflammation pathway in carcinogenesis (Gastroenterology 2008 Nov 24). Conclusions: The data show that alternative protumorigenic pathway(s), for example, the inflammation-associated S100A8 signaling, is up-regulated in the forestomach of ZD:COX-2-/- mice, thereby setting the stage for the inefficacy of cancer prevention in these mice by targeting the COX-2 pathway. More broadly, our data suggest zinc supplementation should be explored in human targeted cancer therapies for esophageal cancer, especially in ZD patients. Supported by NIH grant #CA118560. Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr LB-289.
Documenting stress in caregivers of transplantation patients: initial evidence of HPA dysregulation (2016)

There is growing evidence linking caregiver stress with an increased risk for morbidity and mortality. While the emotional and practical burden experienced by caregivers is well established, the physiological changes that may affect the caregiver's health are less understood. This study sought to compare self-reported stress, anxiety and depression along with neuroendocrine and immune markers of stress among adult caregivers of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients during the acute transplant recovery period to matched non-caregivers controls. Biomarkers and self-reported data were collected at three points during the patient's HSCT: (1) before transplant, (2) after initial transplantation discharge (±7 days) and (3) 6 weeks after initial transplantation discharge. Mixed linear modeling was used to examine differences by group and time. Twenty-one caregivers and 20 controls completed all study procedures. The majority of caregivers were female (57% or 57.1%) and married (95.2%), with a mean age of 52 ± 11.4 years. Caregiver perceived stress, anxiety and depression scores were significantly higher than controls (p < 0.001) with effect sizes (ES) ranging from 1.37 to 1.80 and they did not change over time (p > 0.05) for either group. Caregivers had significantly lower serum cortisol levels than controls at both discharge (p = 0.013; ES = 0.81) and 6 weeks after discharge (p = 0.028; ES = 0.72) but exhibited no significant relationship between self-reported stress and serum cortisol. In addition, caregivers showed a significant inverse relationship between stress and epinephrine levels (r(s)=-0.654, p = 0.021). These findings support the evidence of the caregiving experience being stressful. The counter-intuitive relationship between cortisol and epinephrine might suggest dysregulation of the HPA axis and central nervous system but additional research on the physiological impact of caregiving is warranted.
PBT, PBO-Based Hybrid Polymers with Nonlinear Optical Properties or High Electrical Conductivity (1988)

This project involves a collaborative synthetic, polymer processing, and physicochemical program directed at exploiting the unique properties of the high modulus/high strength polymers poly(p-phenylenebenzobisthiazole) (PBT) and poly- (p-phenylenebenzobisoxazole) (PBO) for electronic charge transport and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties. In the former area, we have continued our successful studies of directly doping these polymers by electrochemical means and of processing phthalocyanine/polymer hybrid materials. In the NLO area, we have continued exploration of the properties of NLO chromophore/PBT hybrid materials and of glassy macromolecules with such chromophores covalently bonded to the backbone. Initial studies of oriented NLO chromophores embedded in crosslinkable matrices have also been carried out. Approaches to inorganic/ organic hybrid NLO materials via intercalation processes are also under investigation. Keywords: Conductive polymers, Phthalocyanine, Nonlinear Optical properties, Polymer doping.
Kumada–Corriu Heteroaryl Cross-Coupling for Synthesis of a Pharmaceutical Intermediate: Comparison of Batch Versus Continuous Reaction Modes (2017)

Pyridone 1, a key intermediate in the preparation of ERK inhibitor GDC-0994, was synthesized via a cross-coupling/hydrolysis sequence from commercially available starting materials. C–C bond formation was achieved via an efficient palladium catalyzed Kumada–Corriu cross-coupling reaction. However, the 4-pyridylmagnesium halide reagent generated in situ was found to be unstable at the reaction temperature, leading to inconsistent results on scale. In order to address process robustness issues associated with the cross-coupling reaction, we investigated both flow chemistry and a low temperature Kumada–Corriu coupling reaction. Finally, a basic hydrolysis process of 2-fluoropyridine was developed to avoid formation of toxic and corrosive hydrofluoric acid, resulting in a safe and scalable process toward 1.