gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Copper CMP with Composite Polymer Core–Silica Shell Abrasives: A Defectivity Study (2008)

The results of copper chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) experiments with a model slurry chemistry based on the combination of glycine–water–benzotriazole , and different types of composite A (silane coupling agents between the polymer core and the silica shell) and B (electrostatic attraction between the polymer core and the silica shell) abrasives, are presented. While the presence of BTA allows a 10-fold reduction in the static etch rate from , combining an oxidizer and complexing agent leads to removal rates higher than . Different surface morphology and root-mean-square (rms) roughness are observed after polishing with composite abrasives combined with different peroxide concentrations. Oxidizer concentrations as low as lead to a high nonuniformity and defectivity values. In particular, at pH , composite B performs better than pure colloidal silica during copper CMP using the IC-1000 pad, giving a comparable material removal rate (MRR), but a better surface finish due to the contribution of the elasticity of the polymer in gently transferring the applied load to the wafer surface. Cu CMP with pure polymer particles is a promising alternative to the hard inorganic material, especially if combined with suitable surfactants that act from both particle stabilization and friction reduction/lubrication improvement perspectives. The use of a medium/high-hardness pad IC-1000 is compared to the use of a soft Politex pad. In the former case, differences in terms of MRR, rms roughness, and total defects are observed between the composite abrasives A and B; in the latter case, the behavior of the two composites is similar. In the case of a soft pad in combination with composite abrasives, there is a remarkable improvement in the defectivity without any loss in MRR.
The Peptide Orphanin FQ Inhibits β-Endorphin Neurons and Neurosecretory Cells in the Hypothalamic Arcuate Nucleus by Activating an Inwardly-Rectifying K<sup>+</sup> Conductance (1998)

Orphanin FQ (OFQ) is a novel heptadecapeptide whose structure resembles that of dynorphin A1-17. Its receptor shares appreciable homology with mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid receptors, and is highly expressed in the hypothalamus. The present study examined the effects of OFQ on neurons within the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the mediobasal hypothalamus, using intracellular recordings from coronal slices. In current clamp, OFQ produced a hyperpolarization of ARC neurons, including those immunopositive for beta-endorphin, tyrosine hydroxylase and gonadotropin-releasing hormone. This hyperpolarization was dose-dependent, insensitive to antagonism by naloxone and was associated with a decrease in input resistance. In voltage clamp, OFQ produced an outward current associated with an increase in conductance. Varying the extracellular K+ concentration shifted the reversal potential for the OFQ response to the degree predicted by the Nernst equation. Furthermore, barium chloride markedly attenuated both the OFQ-induced hyperpolarization and decrease in input resistance. Administration of maximally effective concentrations of OFQ, followed by coadministration of maximal concentrations of either OFQ and the mu-opioid receptor agonist DAMGO or OFQ and the GABAB receptor agonist baclofen produced additive hyperpolarizations and outward currents. If DAMGO was applied first, followed by the coadministration of DAMGO and OFQ, then the responses were occluded. Taken together, these results indicate that OFQ inhibits beta-endorphin neurons, as well as A12 dopamine and GnRH neurosecretory cells, within the ARC by activating a subset of inwardly-rectifying K+ channels. This suggests that OFQ is not only an antiopioid peptide, but that it also modulates the hypothalamo-pituitary axis and, ultimately, reproductive behavior.
Angiotensin II receptor blockade reduces salt sensitivity of blood pressure through restoration of renal nitric oxide synthesis in patients with diabetic nephropathy (2012)

These data support the hypothesis that ARBs reduce the salt sensitivity of BP by decreasing renal oxidative stress and restoring NO activity in diabetic patients with microalbuminuria.
Direct Evidence for the Presence of Human Milk Oligosaccharides in the Circulation of Breastfed Infants (2014)

At least some ingested HMOs are absorbed intact into the circulation and excreted in the urine and their concentrations in these fluids correlate with levels of the corresponding mother's milk. While relative fractions of absorbed HMOs were low, these levels have been shown to have biological effects in vitro, and could explain some of the postulated benefits of human milk.
Surface Click Reactions on Polymeric Nanocapsules for Versatile Functionalization (2012)

One-step synthesis of poly(butyl cyanoacrylate-co-propargyl cyanoacrylate) (P(BCA/PCA)) and polyurethane (PUR) azide nanocapsules for direct covalent and variable functionalization is reported. The capsules in the size range between 230 and 350 nm were synthesized in an inverse (water-in-oil) miniemulsion system through either interfacial anionic polymerization (in the case of P(BCA/PCA)) or interfacial polyaddition reaction with 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (PUR azide). Surface functionalization of nanocapsules was achieved by different copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions, which were carried out under mild and ambient conditions. Click reactions of rhodamine azide and anthracene azide to P(BCA-co-PCA) nanocapsules were performed for quantitative determination of the surface alkyne bonds. PUR-azide nanocapsules were functionalized with propiolic acid and fluorescent alkyne dye. The reaction kinetics between propiolic acid and the azide monomer was studied by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Furthermore, the functionalization of nanocapsules with propiolic acid was extended to copper-free azide–alkyne cycloaddition, thus making the system suitable for copper-sensitive materials.
The importance of functional tests to assess the effect of a new CFTR variant when genotype–phenotype correlation is not possible (2017)

In vitro functional tests aimed to investigate CFTR dysfunction appear critical to help elucidate the functional impact of new variants of uncertain clinical significance and solve inconclusive cases, especially in early deceased newborns.
Proton pump inhibitors reduce interferon‐γ‐induced neurotoxicity and STAT3 phosphorylation of human astrocytes (2011)

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are known to possess anti-inflammatory properties. Inflammatory processes, including astrocytic activation, are implicated in the pathogenesis of different neurodegenerative diseases. Our recent study has indicated that interferon (IFN)-γ-induced astrocytic neurotoxicity is mediated, at least in part, by phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3. We therefore studied the effects of PPIs on IFN-γ-induced neurotoxicity and STAT3 activation of human astrocytes. Both lansoprazole (LPZ) and omeprazole (OPZ) significantly attenuated IFN-γ-induced neurotoxicity of human astrocytes and astrocytoma cells. These drugs inhibited IFN-γ-induced phosphorylation of STAT 3, but not STAT1. We found that LPZ significantly reduced secretion of IFN-γ-inducible T cell α chemoattractant from IFN-γ-activated astrocytes. Neither LPZ nor OPZ suppressed expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 by IFN-γ-activated astrocytes. These results suggest that PPIs attenuate IFN-γ-induced neurotoxicity of human astrocytes through inhibition of the STAT3 signaling pathway. PPIs that possess antineurotoxic properties may be a useful treatment option for Alzheimer's disease and other neuroinflammatory disorders associated with activated astrocytes.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile and Scalable Preparation of 2‐Imidazolylpyridines. (2013)

Abstract Base‐mediated reaction of 2‐halopyridines with 3 equiv.
Electrical properties of laser annealed silicon (1979)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation J. L. Benton, L. C. Kimerling, G. L. Miller, D. A. H. Robinson, G. K. Celler; Electrical properties of laser annealed silicon. AIP Conf. Proc. 15 April 1979; 50 (1): 543–549. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.31714 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Supplementary Table 5 from A First-in-Human Phase I Study of INVAC-1, an Optimized Human Telomerase DNA Vaccine in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Clinical features of patients with OS &lt;1 year vs. patients with OS &gt;1 year&lt;/p&gt;
The Author (2022)

No AccessInjection Mold Design EngineeringOct 2022The AuthorDavid O. KazmerDavid O. Kazmerhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9781569908921.016SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2022Pages: 595-595Print ISBN: 978-1-56990-891-4eISBN: 978-1-56990-892-1 Copyright & Permissions© 2022 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Photophysical Properties of Ricin (2007)

The molar absorption coefficient of ricin in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at 279 nm was measured as (93,900+/-3300) L mol(-1) cm(-1). The concentration of ricin was determined using amino acid analysis. The absorption spectrum of ricin was interpreted in terms of 69% contribution from absorption by tryptophan residues and 31% contribution from absorption by tyrosine residues. The total dipole strength of the ricin band at 280 nm was determined to be (147+/-8) D2 and was consistent with the combined dipole strengths of 10 tryptophan ([11.7+/-1.0] D2) and 23 tyrosine ([1.4+/-0.2] D2) residues. The structure of ricin was used to determine the coupling of the tryptophan residues in ricin. The maximum interaction energy was found to be 424 cm(-1)/epsilon while the average interaction between any two pairs of tryptophan residues was approximately 18 cm(-1)/epsilon. In this study, epsilon is the dielectric constant inside the protein. The fluorescence from ricin, excited at 280 nm, was dominated by fluorescence from tryptophan residues suggesting the presence of energy transfer from tyrosine to tryptophan residues. The absorbance and fluorescence of ricin increased slightly when ricin was denatured in a high concentration of guanidine. Irreversible thermal unfolding of ricin occurred between 65 degrees C and 70 degrees C. (D=3.3364*10(-30) Cm, not SI unit, convenient unit for the magnitude of the electric dipole moment of molecules.).
Analytical Recommendation Model Using Directed Graphs for Employee and Organization (2018)

Employees are important assets of an Organization. A successful organization needs to consider employees' careers, skill sets and opportunities for them to grow in different domains while aligning with its long-term vision. An organization should be able to provide ample career choices for their employees. Also, the employees should be given the liberty to choose from possible career options provided by the organization. The proposed solution involves the formation of an Analytical model to address these concerns in terms of: A. Organization: i) to predict skill set gaps of its employees for upcoming and current designations, ii) ensure organization's vision is aligned with employee's skills, iii) create opportunities for employees to explore different career options with their current skills, iv) forecast attrition and assist in internal job requisitions. B. Employee: i) to visualize career transitions and explore different career opportunities, ii) recommend skills and trainings to acquire those skills for job roles in new business areas. The solution represents attributes for designations, skills and job profile of employees for an organization based on career history that serves as data set for user-based collaborative filtering, hence recommendations can be provided for Employees and Organization. This model will improve the employee's engagement within the organization, helps to reduce the probable attritions and foster a culture of trust. Organizations can effectively understand their employees. Employees can anticipate their careers.
Portable gas chromatograph and electrochemical detector for carbon monoxide (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPortable gas chromatograph and electrochemical detector for carbon monoxideJ. R. Stetter, D. R. Rutt, and K. F. BlurtonCite this: Anal. Chem. 1976, 48, 6, 924–925Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60370a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60370a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views123Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Processing and Characterization of Zr-, Hf- and Ta-Based Ultra High Temperature Ceramics (2010)

The fabrication of MB2-SiC and MB2-MC-SiC (M=Zr, Hf, Ta) Ultra High Temperature Ceramics (UHTCs) is investigated in this work by combining Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis (SHS) and Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS). Zr, Hf or Ta, B4C, Si, and graphite powders are first reacted by SHS to successfully form in-situ the desired composites. For the case of the Tabased systems, a 20 min ball milling treatment is also required to mechanically activate the SHS reactions. The resulting powders are subsequently consolidated by SPS at 1800 °C and P=20 MPa, thus obtaining products with densities greater than 96% within 30 min of total processing time. Hardness, fracture toughness, and oxidation resistance of the resulting dense UHTCs are among the best when compared to the corresponding values reported in the literature relative to analogous products synthesized by alternative, more energy-consuming and less rapid methods. Thermogravimetric analysis results evidenced the beneficial effect of SiC on the oxidation resistance of the composite materials, while the presence of transition metal carbides appears to be inconvenient from this point of view. This is because, they rapidly oxidize at high temperature to form MxOy and carbon oxides which lead to an increase in sample porosity thus enhancing product oxidation.
Freestanding Individual Single-walled Carbon Nanotube Synthesis Based on Plasma Sheath Effects (2004)

We report the successful synthesis of vertically aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) at relatively low temperatures below 650°C using very short-time (30 s) plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) process. Based on the detailed transmission electron microscopy observation, it is revealed that all of the short-length SWNTs growing from catalysts which are fixed by zeolites form individual shapes. According to the comparison between general PECVD and our PECVD, several requirements for the SWNT growth under PECVD are claimed.
Inhibition of the Jun kinase pathway blocks DNA repair, enhances p53-mediated apoptosis and promotes gene amplification. (1999)

We have previously shown, by expression of a nonphosphorylatable dominant inhibitor mutant of c-Jun [cJun(S63A,S73A)], that activation of the NH2-terminal Jun kinase/stress-activated protein kinase by genotoxic damage is required for DNA repair. Here, we examine the consequences of inhibition of DNA repair on p53-induced apoptosis in T98G cells, which are devoid of endogenous wild-type p53. Relative to parental or wild-type c-Jun-expressing control cells, mutant Jun-expressing T98G clones show similar growth rates and plating efficiencies. However, these cells are unable to repair DNA (PCR-stop assays) and exhibit up to an 80-fold increased methotrexate-induced colony formation due to amplification of the dihydrofolate reductase gene. Moreover, the mutant c-Jun clones exhibit increased apoptosis and elevated bax:bcl2 ratios on expression of wild-type p53. These results indicate that inhibition of DNA repair leads to accumulation of DNA damage in tumor cells with unstable genomes and this, in turn, enhances p53mediated apoptosis.
Understanding Medical Conversations: Rich Transcription, Confidence Scores & Information Extraction. (2021)

In this paper, we describe novel components for extracting clinically relevant information from medical conversations which will be available as Google APIs. We describe a transformer-based Recurrent Neural Network Transducer (RNN-T) model tailored for long-form audio, which can produce rich transcriptions including speaker segmentation, speaker role labeling, punctuation and capitalization. On a representative test set, we compare performance of RNN-T models with different encoders, units and streaming constraints. Our transformer-based streaming model performs at about 20% WER on the ASR task, 6% WDER on the diarization task, 43% SER on periods, 52% SER on commas, 43% SER on question marks and 30% SER on capitalization. Our recognizer is paired with a confidence model that utilizes both acoustic and lexical features from the recognizer. The model performs at about 0.37 NCE. Finally, we describe a RNN-T based tagging model. The performance of the model depends on the ontologies, with F-scores of 0.90 for medications, 0.76 for symptoms, 0.75 for conditions, 0.76 for diagnosis, and 0.61 for treatments. While there is still room for improvement, our results suggest that these models are sufficiently accurate for practical applications.
A new synthesis of tetra(quinoxalino)tetraazaporphyrin by the retro Diels-Alder reaction of a soluble precursor (2006)

Soluble tetra(pyrazino)tetraazaporphyrin was synthesized by the reaction of bicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene-fused dicyanopyrazine. The retro Diels-Alder reaction of the soluble tetra(pyrazino)tetraazaporphyrin gave a tetra(quinoxalino)tetraazaporphyrin in quantitative yield.
Table S1 from CD103<sup>+</sup> Tumor-Resident CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells Are Associated with Improved Survival in Immunotherapy-Naïve Melanoma Patients and Expand Significantly During Anti–PD-1 Treatment (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary table with clinical data&lt;/p&gt;
Programs Follow Paths (1999)

Program paths—sequences of executed basic blocks—have proven to be an effective way to capture a program’s elusive dynamic behavior. This paper shows how paths and path spectra compactly and precisely record many aspects of programs’ execution-time control flow behavior and explores applications of these paths in computer architecture, compilers, debugging, program testing, and software maintenance.
On Single-User Interactive Beam Alignment in Next Generation Systems: A\n Deep Learning Viewpoint (2021)

Communication in high frequencies such as millimeter wave and terahertz\nsuffer from high path-loss and intense shadowing which necessitates beamforming\nfor reliable data transmission. On the other hand, at high frequencies the\nchannels are sparse and consist of few spatial clusters. Therefore, beam\nalignment (BA) strategies are used to find the direction of these channel\nclusters and adjust the width of the beam used for data transmission. In this\nwork, a single-user uplink scenario where the channel has one dominant cluster\nis considered. It is assumed that the user transmits a set of BA packets over a\nfixed duration. Meanwhile, the base-station (BS) uses different probing beams\nto scan different angular regions. Since the BS measurements are noisy, it is\nnot possible to find a narrow beam that includes the angle of arrival (AoA) of\nthe user with probability one. Therefore, the BS allocates a narrow beam to the\nuser which includes the AoA of the user with a predetermined error probability\nwhile minimizing the expected beamwidth of the allocated beam. Due to\nintractability of this noisy BA problem, here this problem is posed as an\nend-to-end optimization of a deep neural network (DNN) and effects of different\nloss functions are discussed and investigated. It is observed that the proposed\nDNN based BA, at high SNRs, achieves a performance close to that of the optimal\nBA when there is no-noise and for all SNRs, outperforms state-of-the-art.\n
Editors’ Choice—Power-Generating Electrochemical CO2Scrubbing from Air Enabling Practical AEMFC Application (2021)

Anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) have been widely touted as a low-cost alternative to existing proton exchange membrane fuel cells. However, AEMFCs operating on air suffer from a severe performance penalty caused by carbonation from exposure to CO 2 . Many approaches to removing CO 2 from the cathode inlet would consume valuable energy and complicate the systems-level balance-of-plant. Therefore, this work focuses on an electrochemical solution where CO 2 removal would still generate power, but not expose an entire AEMFC stack to carbonation conditions. Such a system consists of two AEMFCs in series. The first AEMFC, which acts as an anion exchange CO 2 separator (AECS), is relatively small and serves to scrub CO 2 from the air. The AECS is powered by the hydrogen bleed from the second (i.e., main) AEMFC. A small amount of hydrogen is bled from the recycled hydrogen used in the main AEMFC to mitigate impurity build-up, including nitrogen gas from diffusion across its membrane. The second, main AEMFC operates on the purified air output from the AECS and fresh H 2 . This work shows that it is possible to use an AECS to lower the CO 2 concentration in the AEMFC input air stream to values low enough that the main AEMFC can be operated stably for extended periods, 150 h in this demonstration. Also, in this study, AEMFCs are operated on AECS-purified air without experiencing a performance penalty. Lastly, the relative geometric active area of the AEMFC and AECS devices are evaluated and discussed.