gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Re: Nanoencapsulated Anti-CK2 Small Molecule Drug or siRNA Specifically Targets Malignant Cancer but not Benign Cells (2012)

No AccessJournal of UrologyInvestigative Urology1 Oct 2012Re: Nanoencapsulated Anti-CK2 Small Molecule Drug or siRNA Specifically Targets Malignant Cancer but not Benign Cells Anthony AtalaM.D. Anthony AtalaAnthony Atala More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2012.06.074AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: Nanoencapsulated Anti-CK2 Small Molecule Drug or siRNA Specifically Targets Malignant Cancer but not Benign Cells." The Journal of Urology, 188(4), pp. 1397–1398 © 2012 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 188Issue 4October 2012Page: 1397-1398 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2012 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Anthony Atala More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Cavity ring-down spectroscopy of N/sup 2+/ in pulsed and DC atmospheric pressure discharges (2002)

Summary form only given. In this paper we present the results of cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) measurements of N/sub 2//sup +/ in atmospheric pressure discharges. Such discharges are of interest for applications such as biological decontamination, and electromagnetic shielding. N/sub 2//sup +/ is the dominant charged species in nitrogen plasmas and thus enables one of the most direct measurements of electron number density. Because the concentration of N/sub 2//sup +/ (and electrons) is on the order of 1 ppm, a sensitive diagnostic, such as CRDS, is required. Our CRDS setup uses an OPO laser system to probe the rotational structure of the first negative band of N/sub 2//sup +/, in the vicinity of 390 nm. Initially, we study an atmospheric pressure, nitrogen, DC plasma. Spatially resolved measurements are obtained by translating the discharge column relative to the laser beam. An Abel inversion method is used to recover the radial profile of electron number density. We are also interested in performing diagnostics in repetitively pulsed discharges. In such cases, a short (/spl sim/10 ns) high-voltage pulse is used to generate free electrons, which subsequently recombine over about 10 microseconds, after which time another pulse is provided. Conventional CRDS assumes that the absorptive losses are uniform over the duration of the ring-down signal, so that a single exponential decay time characterizes the ring-down, and the absorption. In principle, for a time varying case, one may fit different exponential decays to different temporal windows within the ring-down. Then, each decay time represents the losses in the corresponding temporal interval. We investigate this approach as a means of measuring the peak electron concentration (at the end of the high voltage pulse), as well as the electron concentration during the recombination period between pulses. Data demonstrating the feasibility of the technique are presented.
Increase of Estrogen Dose Deteriorates Mood during Progestin Phase in Sequential Hormonal Therapy (2003)

Previous studies have indicated that the addition of progestins during sequential hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) causes negative mood and physical symptoms. History of premenstrual syndrome, type of progestin, and dose of progestin have thus far been shown to influence the progestin-induced adverse mood symptoms during HRT. The aim of this study was to compare adverse mood effects of two different doses of estradiol, in combination with a progestin, during postmenopausal HRT. Twenty-eight perimenopausal women were included in this randomized, double-blind, crossover study comparing 2- or 3-mg continuous estradiol, with an addition of 10 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate on d 17-28 during each treatment cycle. The main outcome measures were mood and physical symptoms kept on a daily rating scale. Together with the progestin, the higher dose of estrogen caused significantly more negative mood symptoms than the lower dose. Tension, irritability, and depressed mood were all significantly augmented during the progestin phase of cycles with 3 mg estradiol (P < 0.001). Physical symptoms also increased during the progestin phase of 3-mg estradiol cycles (P < 0.001), whereas positive mood symptoms were less affected. The only positive mood that changed with estrogen dose was friendliness, which decreased during the progestin phase of high estradiol cycles compared with cycles with lower estradiol (P < 0.05). Our conclusion is that an increase of the estrogen dose accentuates negative mood and physical symptoms during the progestin phase of sequential hormonal therapy.
Diversity Gain Analysis of Distributed CDD Systems in Non-Identical Frequency Selective Fading (2018)

This paper investigates the diversity gain of a distributed cyclic delay diversity (CDD) scheme for cyclic-prefixed single carrier systems in non-identical frequency selective fading channels. Two conditions are used to obtain an equivalent channel matrix that is free of intersymbol interference. These conditions allows the system to achieve the maximum diversity order at a full rate in frequency selective fading channels. A given number of CDD transmitters is obtained from the set of cooperative transmitters in the system and is shown to be determined by the symbol block size and the maximum time dispersion of the channel. A new expression for the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is derived by using order statistics. To estimate the achievable maximum diversity gain provided by the distributed CDD scheme, we employ asymptotic analysis in the high SNR regime. From the analytical framework, it is shown that the maximum diversity is achieved even for non-identical frequency selective fading channels. Link-level simulations are conducted to verify the maximum achievable diversity gain.
Modification of the spontaneous emission rate of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond by coupling to plasmons (2011)

Nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond are widely studied both as a testbed for solid state quantum optics and for their applications in quantum information processing and magnetometry. Here we demonstrate coupling of the nitrogen-vacancy centers to gap plasmons in metal nano-slits. We use diamond samples where nitrogen-vacancy centers are implanted tens of nanometers under the surface. Silver nano-slits are patterned on the sample such that diamond ridges tens of nanometers wide fill the slit gap. We measure enhancement of the spontaneous emission rate of the zero photon line by a factor of 3 at a temperature of 8K.
Synthetic methanol auxotrophy of Escherichia coli for methanol-dependent growth and production (2018)

Methanol is a potentially attractive substrate for bioproduction of chemicals because of the abundance of natural gas and biogas-derived methane. To move towards utilizing methanol as a sole carbon source, here we engineer an Escherichia coli strain to couple methanol utilization with growth on five-carbon (C5) sugars. By deleting essential genes in the pentose phosphate pathway for pentose utilization and expressing heterologous enzymes from the ribulose-monophosphate (RuMP) pathway, we constructed a strain that cannot grow on xylose or ribose minimal media unless methanol is utilized, creating a phenotype termed "synthetic methanol auxotrophy". Our best strains were able to utilize methanol for growth at a rate of 0.17 ± 0.006 (h<sup>-1</sup>) with methanol and xylose co-assimilation at a molar ratio of approximately 1:1. Genome sequencing and reversion of mutations indicated that mutations on genes encoding for adenylate cyclase (cyaA) and the formaldehyde detoxification operon (frmRAB) were necessary for the growth phenotype. The methanol auxotrophic strain was further engineered to produce ethanol or 1-butanol to final titers of 4.6 g/L and 2.0 g/L, respectively. <sup>13</sup>C tracing showed that 43% and 71% of ethanol and 1-butanol produced had labeled carbon derived from methanol, respectively.
Photometric design of color-conversion LEDs (2011)

Here the first photometric study of road-lighting white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) integrated with semiconductor colloidal quantum dots (QDs) is reported enabling higher luminance than conventional light sources, specifically in mesopic vision regimes essential to street lighting. Investigating over 100 million designs uncovers that quality road-lighting QD-WLEDs, with a color quality scale and color rendering index &gt;= 85, enables 13-35% higher mesopic luminance than the sources commonly used in street lighting. Furthermore, these QD-WLEDs were shown to be electrically more efficient than conventional sources with power conversion efficiencies &gt;= 16-29%. Considering this fact, an experimental proof-of-concept QD-WLED was demonstrated, which is the first account of QD based color conversion custom designed for street lighting applications. The obtained white LED achieved the targeted mesopic luminance levels in accordance with the road lighting standards of the USA and the UK. These results indicate that road-lighting QD-WLEDs are strongly promising for energy-saving quality road lighting.
Neutralizing antibody activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants in gestational age–matched mother-infant dyads after infection or vaccination (2022)

Pregnancy confers unique immune responses to infection and vaccination across gestation. To date, there are limited data comparing vaccine- and infection-induced neutralizing Abs (nAbs) against COVID-19 variants in mothers during pregnancy. We analyzed paired maternal and cord plasma samples from 60 pregnant individuals. Thirty women vaccinated with mRNA vaccines (from December 2020 through August 2021) were matched with 30 naturally infected women (from March 2020 through January 2021) by gestational age of exposure. Neutralization activity against the 5 SARS-CoV-2 spike sequences was measured by a SARS-CoV-2-pseudotyped spike virion assay. Effective nAbs against SARS-CoV-2 were present in maternal and cord plasma after both infection and vaccination. Compared with WT spike protein, these nAbs were less effective against the Delta and Mu spike variants. Vaccination during the third trimester induced higher cord-nAb levels at delivery than did infection during the third trimester. In contrast, vaccine-induced nAb levels were lower at the time of delivery compared with infection during the first trimester. The transfer ratio (cord nAb level divided by maternal nAb level) was greatest in mothers vaccinated in the second trimester. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or infection in pregnancy elicits effective nAbs with differing neutralization kinetics that are influenced by gestational time of exposure.
Triaryl Benzimidazoles as a New Class of Antibacterial Agents against Resistant Pathogenic Microorganisms (2017)

A new class of nontoxic triaryl benzimidazole compounds, derived from existing classes of DNA minor groove binders, were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant (MDR) Gram-positive and Gram-negative species. Molecular modeling experiments suggest that the newly synthesized class cannot be accommodated within the minor groove of DNA due to a change in the shape of the molecules. Compounds 8, 13, and 14 were found to be the most active of the series, with MICs in the range of 0.5-4 μg/mL against the MDR Staphylococci and Enterococci species. Compound 13 showed moderate activity against the MDR Gram-negative strains, with MICs in the range of 16-32 μg/mL. Active compounds showed a bactericidal mode of action, and a mechanistic study suggested the inhibition of bacterial gyrase as the mechanism of action (MOA) of this chemical class. The MOA was further supported by the molecular modeling study.
DB2 with BLU acceleration (2013)

DB2 with BLU Acceleration deeply integrates innovative new techniques for defining and processing column-organized tables that speed read-mostly Business Intelligence queries by 10 to 50 times and improve compression by 3 to 10 times, compared to traditional row-organized tables, without the complexity of defining indexes or materialized views on those tables. But DB2 BLU is much more than just a column store. Exploiting frequency-based dictionary compression and main-memory query processing technology from the Blink project at IBM Research - Almaden, DB2 BLU performs most SQL operations - predicate application (even range predicates and IN-lists), joins, and grouping - on the compressed values, which can be packed bit-aligned so densely that multiple values fit in a register and can be processed simultaneously via SIMD (single-instruction, multipledata) instructions. Designed and built from the ground up to exploit modern multi-core processors, DB2 BLU's hardware-conscious algorithms are carefully engineered to maximize parallelism by using novel data structures that need little latching, and to minimize data-cache and instruction-cache misses. Though DB2 BLU is optimized for in-memory processing, database size is not limited by the size of main memory. Fine-grained synopses, late materialization, and a new probabilistic buffer pool protocol for scans minimize disk I/Os, while aggressive prefetching reduces I/O stalls. Full integration with DB2 ensures that DB2 with BLU Acceleration benefits from the full functionality and robust utilities of a mature product, while still enjoying order-of-magnitude performance gains from revolutionary technology without even having to change the SQL, and can mix column-organized and row-organized tables in the same tablespace and even within the same query.
Efficient Modeling of Modular Multilevel HVDC Converters (MMC) on Electromagnetic Transient Simulation Programs (2010)

The number of semiconductor switches in a modular multilevel converter (MMC) for HVDC transmission is typically two orders of magnitudes larger than that in a two or three level voltage-sourced converter (VSC). The large number of devices creates a computational challenge for electromagnetic transient simulation programs, as it can significantly increase the simulation time. The paper presents a method based on partitioning the system's admittance matrix and deriving an efficient time-varying Thévenin's equivalent for the converter part. The proposed method does not make use of approximate interfaced models, and mathematically, is exactly equivalent to modelling the entire network (converter and external system) as one large network. It is shown to drastically reduce the computational time without sacrificing any accuracy. The paper also presents control algorithms and other modelling aspects. The efficacy of the proposed method is demonstrated by simulating a point-to-point VSC-MMC-based HVDC transmission system.
A Continuously Tunable SOI Microring Filter with Temperature Tracking (2018)

We report a 2nd-order silicon microring filter that is continuously tunable over the full 7.8 nm free spectral range using the thermo-optic effect, achieving a tuning wavelength accuracy of ±27 pm. On-chip thermistors also allow for accurate tracking of the microring temperatures and thermal crosstalks.
Synthesis and two-photon properties of a novel multi-branched chromophore with an unsymmetrically substituted scaffold derived from functionalized quinoxalinoid heterocycles (2013)

A star-shaped multi-polar chromophore (1) combining functionalized indenoquinoxaline and pyridopyrazine units has been synthesized and characterized for its two-photon absorption (2PA) properties both in the femtosecond and nanosecond time domains. Under our experimental conditions, this model fluorophore is found to manifest strong and widely dispersed two-photon absorption as well as effective power-limiting/stabilization properties against long laser pulses in the near-IR region.
Questions from Quebec (2001)

Platelets promote hemostasis by releasing plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), which protects the clot against premature lysis. Platelet-rich arterial clots require high concentrations of plasminogen activators to be lysed. What would happen if platelets began to express antithrombotic or
Alpha-Methylacyl-CoA Racemase (2002)

α-Methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) is a mitochondrial and peroxisomal enzyme involved in the metabolism of branched-chain fatty acid and bile acid intermediates. Recently, AMACR has been demonstrated to be over-expressed in localized and metastatic prostate cancer, suggesting that it may be an important tumor marker. This study examines AMACR expression in a variety of human cancers and their precursor lesions. A survey of online Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) and Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE) databases revealed that AMACR was over-expressed in multiple cancers. The findings were confirmed by AMACR immunohistochemistry performed on several tissue microarrays containing common human tumors, including prostate, colon, and breast. Based on prior work, AMACR protein expression was divided into two categories: negative (negative to weak staining intensity) and positive (moderate to strong staining intensity). AMACR protein over-expression was found in a number of cancers, including colorectal, prostate, ovarian, breast, bladder, lung, and renal cell carcinomas, lymphoma, and melanoma. Greatest over-expression was seen in colorectal and prostate cancer with positive staining in 92% and 83% cases, respectively. AMACR over-expression was present in 44% of breast cancer cases. AMACR was also over-expressed in precursor lesions. Sixty-four percent of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and 75% colonic adenomas demonstrated positive AMACR protein expression. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for AMACR using laser capture microdissected prostate tissue confirmed gene over-expression at the mRNA level. In conclusion, our study suggests that AMACR is potentially an important tumor marker for several cancers and their precursor lesions, especially those linked to high-fat diets.
Level-specific strategy of KrF microlithography for 130 nm DRAMs (2003)

This paper reports technologies that enable KrF microlithography to be extended to 130 nm generation devices. Firstly, focus and dose budget analyses are carried out carefully to estimate their total deviations. Secondly, level specific cell-array patterns and exposure conditions are optimized for obtaining more process windows than the deviations by experiment and simulation. Optical proximity effect (OPE) and process proximity effect (PPE) for each level are investigated for core and peripheral circuit patterns. The key technologies for KrF microlithography, i.e. resolution enhancement technologies (RET) and process proximity correction (PPC), are discussed with a view to realizing 130 nm DRAMs.
ChemInform Abstract: β‐Tosylethylamine: A Useful Reagent for Preparation of N‐ Protected Amides, Carbamates, and Related Compounds. Application to Synthesis of β‐Lactams. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Reconstruction of 3D whole-body PET data using blurred anatomical labels (2002)

The diagnostic utility of whole-body PET is often limited by the high level of statistical noise in the images. An improvement in image quality can be obtained by incorporating correlated anatomical information during the reconstruction of the PET data. The combined PET/CT (SMART) scanner allows the acquisition of accurately aligned PET and CT whole-body data. The authors present results of incorporating aligned anatomical information from the CT during the reconstruction of 3D whole-body PET data. They use the FORE+PWLS method for the reconstruction and a label model to incorporate anatomical information via penalty weights. Since in practice mismatches between anatomical and functional data are unavoidable, the labels are "blurred" to reflect the uncertainty associated with the anatomical information. Results show the potential advantage of incorporating anatomical information by using a blurred labels with the penalty weights.
SERS characterization of metallic silver nanoparticle self‐assembly within thin films (2008)

Abstract Clusters of silver nanoparticles are generated by the thermally initiated reduction of silver carboxylates (long‐chain fatty acids) in the thin polymer films. The size, shape, and aggregation of these nanoparticles are affected by the reduction reaction in the presence of capping agents. In order to understand the mechanism(s) controlling the silver structure formation, it is essential to understand the surface coordination chemistry occurring during this process. We now report the first application of surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to directly characterize adsorbates on the surfaces of silver nanoparticles within a thin film imaging construction containing multiple components. In addition, SERS investigation of model silver substrates was used to confirm the identify of specific adsorbates of silver complexes. This is a powerful tool for revealing the chemistry involved with the control of silver nanoparticle aggregation during thermally induced metallic silver formation within thin films. Both the catechol‐reducing agent and the phthalazinone (PAZ) particle aggregation agent are observed on the metallic silver surface at the initial particle formation and during its crystal growth. However, careful attention to excitation wavelength is required in order to observe all the surface species. PAZ appears to be more effective at stabilizing individual silver particles than other aggregation agents investigated. An understanding of the roles of the aggregation/reducing agents in the growth and aggregation of silver nanoparticles is important for preparing different types of silver particles for specific applications including silver‐based thermal imaging systems. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Generating stochastic dispersed and periodic clustered textures using a composite hybrid screen (2003)

In electrophotographic printing, a periodic clustered-dot halftone pattern is preferred for a smooth and stable result. In addition, the screen frequency should be high enough to minimize the visibility of the halftone textures and to ensure good detail rendition. However, at these frequencies, the halftone cell may contain too few pixels to provide a sufficient number of distinct gray levels. This will result in contouring and posterization. The traditional solution is to grow the clusters asynchronously within a repeating block of clusters known as a supercell. The growth of each individual cluster is governed by a microscreen. The order in which the clusters grow within the supercell is determined by a macroscreen. Typically, the macroscreen is a recursive pattern due to Bayer. In highlights and shadows, this ordering results in visible artifacts. Replacing the Bayer screen by a stochastic macroscreen eliminates these artifacts, but results in new artifacts. In this paper, we propose a new composite screen architecture that employs multiple microscreens and multiple macroscreens in the highlights and shadows. These screens are jointly designed by using the direct binary search (DBS) algorithm.