gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Numerical Parameterization of Chemical-Vapor-Deposited (CVD) Single-Crystal Diamond for Device Simulation and Analysis (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> High-quality electronic-grade intrinsic chemical-vapor-deposited (CVD) single-crystal diamond layers having exceptionally high carrier mobilities have been reported by Isberg <etal/> This makes the realization of novel electronic devices in diamond, particularly for high-voltage and high-temperature applications, a viable proposition. As such, material models which can capture the particular features of diamond as a semiconductor are required to analyze, optimize, and quantitatively design new devices. For example, the incomplete ionization of boron in diamond and the transition to metallic conduction in heavily boron-doped layers require accurate carrier freeze-out models to be included in the simulation of diamond devices. Models describing these phenomena are proposed in this paper and include numerical approximation of intrinsic diamond which is necessary to formulate doping- and temperature-dependent mobility models. They enable a concise numerical description of single-crystal diamond which agrees with data obtained from material characterization. The models are verified by application to new Schottky <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$\hbox{m-i-p}^{+}$</tex></formula> diode structures in diamond. Simulated forward characteristics show excellent correlation with experimental measurements. In spite of the lack of impact ionization data for single-crystal diamond, approximation of avalanche coefficient parameters from other wide-bandgap semiconductors has also enabled the reverse blocking characteristics of diamond diodes to be simulated. Acceptable agreement with breakdown voltage from experimental devices made with presently available single-crystal CVD diamond is obtained. </para>
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 2 induces survival and proliferation of CD34+ TF-1 cells through activation of STAT1 and STAT5 by secretion of interferon-γ and granulocyte macrophage–colony-stimulating factor (2002)

Human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus (HTLV) type-2 can induce the survival and proliferation of CD34(+) TF-1 cells deprived of interleukin (IL)-3. This effect did not require productive infection and occurred when HTLV-2 was produced from T cells (CMo), but not from B cells (BMo), unless the latter virus was complexed with anti-HLA-DR monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Cellular and molecular mechanisms triggered by HTLV-2 interaction with TF-1 cells were here investigated. Activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 5 protein occurred in TF-1 cells incubated either with IL-3 or with HTLV-2/CMo; in addition the virus, but not IL-3, activated STAT1. The effect of HTLV-2 required several hours, suggesting dependence on the induction of cellular factors. By screening a panel of secreted factors, granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interferon (IFN)-gamma, and stem cell factor (SCF) were found induced by HTLV-2 in TF-1 cells. Of note is the fact that these molecules induce a variety of biologic effects through the activation of STAT proteins, including STAT1 and STAT5. Neutralization experiments indicated that GM-CSF and IFN-gamma, but not SCF, were responsible for HTLV-2-induced STAT activation, whereas anti-GM-CSF antibodies greatly inhibited TF-1 cell proliferation. Finally, incubation of BMo virus with anti-HLA-DR mAb rescued TF-1 cell survival in the absence of IL-3. Thus, HTLV-2 interaction with CD34(+) precursor cells may lead to the expression of cytokines that, by inducing autocrine activation of STATs, may influence the host's regenerative capacity and immune response to HTLV-2 and to other infectious agents.
Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of base-modified deoxythreosyl nucleoside phosphonates (2017)

l-α-2'-Deoxythreosyl nucleoside phosphonates and their phosphonodiamidate prodrugs with a hypoxanthine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 2-amino-6-cyclopropylaminopurine, 7-deazaadenine, 5-fluorouracil and 5-methylcytosine heterocycle as a nucleobase were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against HIV and HBV. The 2,6-diaminopurine modified analogue 23a displayed the most potent activity against HIV, with an EC<sub>50</sub> value of 11.17 μM against HIV-1 (III<sub>B</sub>) and an EC<sub>50</sub> value of 8.15 μM against HIV-2 (ROD). The application of the prodrug strategy on nucleoside phosphonate 23a led to a 200-fold boost in anti-HIV potency. None of the compounds showed any activity against HBV at the highest concentration tested.
Using PEGylated nano-liposomes to target tissue invaded by a foreign body (2008)

The ability of nano (approximately 100 nm) sterically stabilized liposomes (nSSLs) to target tissue invaded by a foreign body was demonstrated. Radioactively labeled nSSL remote loaded with the anti-inflammatory drug methylprednisolone hemisuccinate (MPS), to form nSSL-MPS, were injected i.v. to mice that, 2 or 3 weeks earlier, had either a thorn or a needle implanted in a hind leg. Twenty-four hours post-nSSL-MPS injection, animals were sacrificed, and the level of liposomes in the vicinity of the foreign body, in comparison to the tissue in the contralateral (normal) leg, was measured. The level of liposomes in the tissue surrounding the foreign body was twice as high as the level of liposomes found in the normal leg. Furthermore, the level of liposomes in the normal leg was similar to the level of liposomes measured in the legs of control animals that did not have an implanted foreign body and were treated with nSSL-MPS. The implications of these findings and the clinical applications of liposomal targeting are discussed.
A Joint Interchannel and Network Coding Schema for nVoD Services over Wireless Mesh Networks (2009)

As wireless mesh networks become more widely deployed, media streaming in such networks poses a pressing research issue because of the increasing importance of multimedia applications. The challenge with wireless mesh networks is the time-varying wireless channel compounded by multi-hop transmission. However, wireless mesh networks also present an opportunity, i.e., the redundancy provided by broadcast wireless media and mesh connectivity. In this paper, we present a joint interchannel and network coding schema to take advantage of this opportunity and to overcome the challenge of wireless mesh networks. We evaluate of the proposed joint coding through both mathematical analysis and computer simulation. The results demonstrate significant benefits in terms of protection against packet losses and bandwidth utilization of the joint coding schema.
Supplemental figure 14 to 17 from Preclinical Characterization of BET Family Bromodomain Inhibitor ABBV-075 Suggests Combination Therapeutic Strategies (2023)

&lt;p&gt;High level of concomitant Bim and Bcl-2 expression correlates with sensitivity to ABBV-075-induced apoptosis&lt;/p&gt;
The process mediation framework for semantic web services (2009)

The ability to deal with the incompatibilities of service requesters and providers is a critical factor for achieving interoperability in dynamic open environments. We focus on the problem of process mediation of the semantically annotated process models of the service requester and service provider. We propose an Abstract Process Mediation Framework (APMF) identifying the key functional areas that need to be addressed by process mediation components. Next, we present algorithms for solving the process mediation problem in two scenarios: (1) when the mediation process has complete visibility of the process model of the service provider and service requester (complete visibility scenario) and (2) when the mediation process has visibility only of the process model of the service provider, but not the service requester (asymmetric scenario). The algorithms combine planning and semantic reasoning with the discovery of appropriate external services such as data mediators. Finally, the Process Mediation Agent (PMA) is introduced, which realises an execution infrastructure for runtime mediation.
How are texture and stereo used in slant discrimination? (2010)

When surface slant is specified by disparity and texture gradients, both sources of information are, in principle, useful for estimating slant. Several investigators have argued that combined stereo-texture estimation can be modeled as weighted combination: Sc=WtSt+WsSs (St = texture slant estimate, Ss = stereo estimate, Wt = texture weight, Ws = stereo weight, Ws+Wt=1). Do observers use the combined estimate (Sc) when discriminating surface slants? Three stimuli were presented sequentially in a haploscope. Textures were Voronoi patterns. Two “standard stimuli” had the same texture- and stereo-defined slants (St=Ss=S0) and one “odd stimulus” had different texture and/or stereo slants (St=S0+c*Dt, Ss=S0+c*Ds). Observers indicated the interval containing the odd stimulus. A staircase varied “c” to determine threshold for various directions (Dt,Ds) in the space of possible stimuli (St, Ss). If observers used St or Ss (whichever provided better information) to do the task, stimuli would be discriminable as soon as either St or Ss reached its independent threshold (ignoring probability summation). If observers used only the combined estimate Sc, then stimuli for which Sc=S0 (i.e., Dt = −(Ws/Wt)Ds) should be indiscriminable for any value of c. Furthermore, performance should be better for cue-consistent stimuli (Ds=Dt) than for single-cue-varied stimuli (Ds=0 or Dt=0). We found that in some cue-conflict directions, thresholds were significantly higher than in the cue-consistent direction (although never infinitely higher). This result indicates that the combined slant estimate is used together with the individual cue estimates in slant discrimination. When Dt and Ds have opposite sign, observers' use of Sc resulted in poorer performance than that predicted by use of St and Ss alone. Thus, observers use all three estimates even when more efficient strategies are available.
Automatic generation of GPU‐accelerated code for seismic stencil applications (2011)

The need for solving discretized partial differential equations over large volumes of data in seismic computing comes with the need for improving the efficiency of such computations through high‐performance computing techniques. Recently, GPUs have emerged as suitable candidates for high‐performance accelerators for seismic computing applications. In fact, there is tremendous focus in supercomputing research on efficiently using GPUs to speed up such applications. Most of the research works focus on writing hand‐optimized GPU parallel codes. In this paper, we describe our technique to automatically generate optimized GPU‐parallel (CUDA) code for stencil computations that are primarily used in algorithms in seismic computing. (1) Utilizing the available parallelism in the target system and (2) minimizing data access latency by characterizing and utilizing the various hierarchical memories in the system are the highlights of our approach. We illustrate the effectiveness of our techniques on one of the key components of the reverse time migration (RTM) algorithm in seismic computing, namely, the discretized wave equation (DWE) kernel. The code, automatically generated with our tool, performs within 20% of the code that is hand‐optimized by an NVIDIA CUDA expert Micikevicius (2009).
Effects of Mold Rising Angle and Polymer Concentration in Solvent-Assisted Molding (2009)

We investigated the capillary rise of a thin polymer solution in a simple soft lithographic technique termed "solvent-assisted molding (SAMo)" by using various mold rising angles and polymer concentrations in a good solvent. For patterning and mold materials, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA, M(w) = 120,000) in toluene and poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) were mostly used. It was found that the capillary rise takes place in two steps: (i) a low-viscosity polymer solution rapidly rises into the cavity (<10 s) with the aid of solvent wetting and (ii) continuous solvent absorption into the mold and evaporation into air. In addition, five distinct microstructures were observed by testing 24 different experimental combinations, which can be classified into completely molded (I), humped (II), completely molded but non-fully filled (III), partially filled (IV), and partially filled meniscal (V) microstructures.
Abstract C99: Beyond bortezomib: Development of Millennium's next-generation proteasome inhibitors. (2011)

Abstract Bortezomib (Velcade®) is a proteasome inhibitor that has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma or relapsed mantle cell lymphoma. It is currently available in more than 90 countries worldwide. The molecule is an N-capped dipeptidyl boronic acid and its molecular mechanism involves slow-tight binding to the chymotrypsin-like (β5) sites of the 26S proteasome. In the development of Millennium's next generation inhibitors, we have investigated several parameters affecting the drug's activity in biological systems. These include tissue proteasome concentration, blood/plasma partitioning and the kinetics of proteasome inhibition in cultured cells. We find that the abundance of the proteasome (approx. 1–5 μM β5 active site concentration) in cells and tissues together with the slow rate of dissociation of bortezomib from the proteasome (110 min. half-life) led to partitioning of the inhibitor in red blood cells, thereby limiting its distribution to potential sites of therapeutic action. Based on the hypothesis that more rapid dissociation from the proteasome should improve tissue distribution, we have developed an investigational, dipeptidyl boronic acid proteasome inhibitor (MLN9708). MLN9708 displays comparable potency (i.e. similar Ki) to bortezomib for the β5 site of the proteasome but a shorter (18 min.) half-life of dissociation. This affects rapid recovery of proteasome activity in tissue culture cells upon washout of the drug as well as reduced blood/plasma partitioning in mice, supporting the hypothesis that a more rapid equilibrium proteasome inhibitor can improve tissue distribution. MLN9708 is currently in phase 1 clinical trials. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2011 Nov 12-16; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2011;10(11 Suppl):Abstract nr C99.
ChemInform Abstract: A GENERAL METHODOLOGY FOR PSEUDOGUAIANE SYNTHESIS: TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF (.+‐.)‐DAMSINIC ACID AND (.+‐.)‐CONFERTIN (1979)

Abstract Kondensation des Cyclopentenons (I) mit der Li‐Verbindung (II) liefert ein Gemisch der Derivate (III) und (IV), aus dem durch Bestrahlung bei 98°C überwiegend das Bicyclodienon (V) gebildet wird.
Alkali-Free Glass for High Energy Density Storage Capacitors. (2015)

Abstract not provided.
Polymorphisms of the HNF1A Gene Encoding Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor-1α are Associated with C-Reactive Protein (2020)

Data from the Pharmacogenomics and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease (PARC) study and the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) provide independent and confirmatory evidence for association between common polymorphisms of the HNF1A gene encoding hepatocyte nuclear factor-1α and plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration. Analyses with the use of imputation-based methods to combine genotype data from both studies and to test untyped SNPs from the HapMap database identified several SNPs within a 5 kb region of HNF1A intron 1 with the strongest evidence of association with CRP phenotype.
Functional Polymers. XXI. Activity of Low Molecular Weight and Polymeric Salicylic Acid Derivatives (1984)

Abstract Several structural isomers of vinylsalicylic acid and the corresponding methyl vinylsalicylates have been synthesized in this laboratory previously and have been polymerized and copolymerized with methacrylic acid and with methyl methacrylate. The monomer-ic as well as the polymeric compounds have been tested for their antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties. This article also deals with the sunscreening properties of some polymeric salicylic acid derivatives and their possible use as the effective ultraviolet-absorbing agent in skin protection formulations. The results show that making homopolymers and especially copolymers is a way of increasing one property and decreasing another, making new compounds with more specific properties.
What's That Sound? Auditory Area CLM Encodes Stimulus Surprise, Not Intensity or Intensity Changes (2008)

High-level sensory neurons encoding natural stimuli are not well described by linear models operating on the time-varying stimulus intensity. Here we show that firing rates of neurons in a secondary sensory forebrain area can be better modeled by linear functions of how surprising the stimulus is. We modeled auditory neurons in the caudal lateral mesopallium (CLM) of adult male zebra finches under urethane anesthesia with linear filters convolved not with stimulus intensity, but with stimulus surprise. Surprise was quantified as the logarithm of the probability of the stimulus given the local recent stimulus history and expectations based on conspecific song. Using our surprise method, the predictions of neural responses to conspecific song improved by 67% relative to those obtained using stimulus intensity. Similar prediction improvements cannot be replicated by assuming CLM performs derivative detection. The explanatory power of surprise increased from the midbrain through the primary forebrain and to CLM. When the stimulus presented was a random synthetic ripple noise, CLM neurons (but not neurons in lower auditory areas) were best described as if they were expecting conspecific song, finding the inconsistencies between birdsong and noise surprising. In summary, spikes in CLM neurons indicate stimulus surprise more than they indicate stimulus intensity features. The concept of stimulus surprise may be useful for modeling neural responses in other higher-order sensory areas whose functions have been poorly understood.
Analysis of different pointing methods in localization experiments of sound sources (1999)

Sound localization experiments are described which aim to analyze and compare different pointing methods for sound-source localization in virtual and real environments. In the first experiment, subjects indicated the perceived direction of sound incidence by pointing directly to the source with their hands. In the second experiment, the direction was indicated using the GELP (Gods eye localization pointing) technique, i.e., by pointing at a spherical model of the auditory space. In the third experiment, a head-pointing task was applied, that is to say the direction of localization was indicated by turning the head toward the direction of the source. All the localization tests were carried out in a virtual auditory environment. Individually measured HRTFs were used for the auralization; the stimuli (pulsed white noise) were presented via headphones. The subjects were allowed to perform small head movements in order to improve the localization capability. The results of the experiments are discussed. The systematic errors that occur when using the different pointing methods are analyzed. It is shown that the localization blur averaged over all the directions is smaller using the GELP technique, while the blur for the front directions is smaller when the subjects point directly to the source.
Supplementary Figure 9 from Loss of RhoB Expression Promotes Migration and Invasion of Human Bronchial Cells Via Activation of AKT1 (2023)

Supplementary Figure 9 from Loss of RhoB Expression Promotes Migration and Invasion of Human Bronchial Cells Via Activation of AKT1
Sequence and expression of a murine cDNA encoding PC326, a novel gene expressed in plasmacytomas but not normal plasma cells. (1992)

Using a subtractive cDNA approach we have identified a gene, PC326, expressed in 13 of 14 murine plasmacytoma cell lines, but not in any B- or pre-B-lymphoma cell lines. It expresses 4.6-kb and 5.2-kb mRNAs that encode a 747 amino acid protein containing two highly acidic domains flanking a novel, moderately acidic 20 amino acid sequence that is repeated 7.5 times. Sequence comparison identifies an additional 43 amino acid domain that is homologous to a repeated sequence found in the members of the beta-transducin gene family. The PC326 mRNA is detectable in testis but in no other murine tissues, including plasma cells induced by lipopolysaccharide stimulation of splenocytes. Somatic cell hybrids derived from plasmacytomas and fibroblast or T-cell lines have a fibroblastic or T-cell phenotype respectively. Unlike B-cell-specific genes (e.g. immunoglobulin), the expression of which is extinguished in these hybrids, PC326 mRNA appears to be irreversibly turned on in these hybrids. Since PC326 is not expressed in normal plasma cells, it appears that its expression is a cause or consequence of the tumorigenic process that generates murine plasmacytomas.
[Tyrosine kinases as targets of cancer therapy: from disbelief to Lazarus responses]. (2012)

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors have proved to be effective and well-tolerated anticancer drugs. They are used successfully even for the treatment of cancers that exhibit only modest treatment outcomes with conventional cytotoxic drugs. Treatment responses may continue for several years, and sometimes tyrosine kinases are beneficial also as adjuvant therapy following cancer operation. A requirement for the drugs to be effective is, however, that the kinases to be inhibited play a central role in the development and progression of the tumor. In addition, the development of acquired drug resistance during treatment is common.
Preparation of Phase Change Microcapsules with the Enhanced Photothermal Performance (2019)

The performance of solar-thermal conversion systems can be improved by incorporation of encapsulated phase change materials. In this study, for the first time, Crodatherm<sup>TM</sup> 60 as a phase change material (PCM) was successfully encapsulated within polyurea as the shell supporting material. While preparing the slurry samples, graphite nanoplatelet (GNP) sheets were also incorporated to enhance the thermal and photothermal properties of the prepared materials. The morphology and chemical properties of these capsules were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum, respectively. The results show the spherical-like and core-shell structure of capsules with an average diameter size of 3.34 μm. No chemical interaction was observed between the core and the supporting materials. The thermal characteristics of the microencapsulated PCMs (MEPCMs), analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), indicate that the prepared samples with 0.1 weight percentage of GNP possess the latent heat of 95.5 J/g at the phase transition temperature of about 64 °C. Analyzing the rheological properties of the prepared slurry with 16 wt % of MEPCMs proves that the prepared material meet the requirements given by the heat transfer applications. The thermal storage capacity, good thermal stability, and improved photothermal performance of the prepared material make it a potential candidate for using in direct absorption solar thermal applications.
Transverse alignment of liquid crystalline epoxy resin on carbon fiber surface (2006)

Abstract Transverse alignment of liquid crystalline epoxy (LCE) resin was effectively induced on carbon fiber (CF) surface by amine treatment. Aliphatic and aromatic amines were grafted on oxidized CF surface, and anisotropic orientation of LCE network was identified with X‐ray diffraction and it was correlated with mechanical properties of CF/LCE composites. Vertical alignment of LCE enhanced the transverse dynamic modulus of the composite. Especially, aromatic diamines were effective in promoting the interfacial adhesion as well as transverse composite modulus. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 684–689, 2006