gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Joint detection and channel estimation for broadcast OFDM systems using hybrid Zadoff Chu pilots (2015)

In this paper we propose a hybrid Zadoff-Chu (ZC) based pilot sequence suitable for OFDM broadcast systems. While maintaining the same scattered pilot structure and the same power level as in DVB-T2, we replace the phase values by a ZC combined sequence. This combined sequence can either carry information bits through a repetition of small ZC patterns, or serve just as a very robust fine time domain synchronization mechanism. We present the design methodology for different OFDM systems, the possible ZC patterns sequences valid for signaling and provide a recommended structure for DVB-T2 like systems. Simulation results show that, without degrading the pilot channel estimation, an additional time domain synchronization more robust than P1 of DVB-T2 is achieved in each OFDM symbol. The proposed structure can be used as a design basis for future broadcast systems to build on, where a separate preamble will no longer be needed, thus, reducing the frame overhead.
Robust Weighted Sum-Rate Maximization for the Multi-Stream MIMO Interference Channel With Sparse Equalization (2015)

In this paper, we study the problem of per-stream maximum sum-rate joint precoder and minimum mean-squared error equalizer design for the multi-input multi-output interference channel. We consider the general case of more than three users with more than one stream per user. We propose a generalized iterative algorithm which directly maximizes the sum-rate without assuming the signal-to-noise ratio to be infinite. To reduce complexity, which can become prohibitive for large network size, we examine the performance-complexity tradeoffs involved in a sparse equalizer design. Joint precoder and equalizer optimization requires alternation between the forward and reverse links and assumes perfect synchronization between the transmitters and receivers at each network node, resulting in extensive overhead and spectral efficiency loss. To overcome this serious drawback, we propose a new design approach based on weighted-sum-rate maximization assuming a virtual equalizer type at the transmitter to limit the optimization process to the transmitter side. In addition, we quantify the sum-rate loss due to mismatched equalizer types and demonstrate the robustness of our proposed sum-rate weighting strategy to such mismatches with perfect or imperfect channel knowledge. Finally, we derive asymptotic performance expressions and verify their accuracy numerically even for a moderate number of users.
High-rate acoustic communications for ocean observatories-performance testing over a 3000 m vertical path (2002)

The viability of acoustically-linked, long-term ocean sensing is dependent on the power efficiency of the communications system. Energy storage in the deep ocean remains costly despite advances in battery technology, and thus, maximizing data throughput at constant power is an important goal. In preparation for future deep-water applications, a test was previously conducted in 3000 m water to measure the performance of a communications system using a number of different signaling techniques. The signals included BPSK, QPSK and 8-PSK modulation with data rates up to 15000 bits per second. Several receivers were used, including directional transducers, both baffled and un-baffled, as well as a small omnidirectional array. Reliable communication at up to 15000 bps using 7.5 W at the transmitter was achieved. The baffled directional receiver offered the best performance, while the omni-directional array provided approximately 50% less throughput. Source-receiver motion was found to impact system performance and results using an improved Doppler tracking and compensation method are described. Details of the results using various modulation methods and receiver combinations are discussed and their performance extrapolated to full-ocean depth as an aid to the design of future ocean observatory links.
Regulatory effect of lithium on hippocampal blood‐brain barrier integrity in a rat model of depressive‐like behavior (2020)

Our findings suggest that lithium administration in a rat CMS model of depressive-like behavior is associated with attenuation of stressed-induced hippocampal BBB/NVU disruption. These protective effects may be relevant to the mode of action of lithium in depression.
Parathyroid hormone and calcitonin may modulate hepatic IGF-I production in calves (1990)

Four young milk-fed calves were fitted with catheters chronically implanted in the mesenteric, portal and hepatic veins and in the hepatic artery, and with electromagnetic blood flow probes in the portal vein and hepatic artery, allowing continuous measurement of IGF-I hepatic production. According to a latin square design, these calves received iv mesenteric infusion of calcium (Ca2+; 5 mg/kg) or synthetic salmon calcitonin (sCT; 1 microgram/kg), or synthetic bovine parathyroid hormone (1-34) (bPTH; 1 microgram/kg), or solvent alone (1.2 ml/kg). Ca2+, sCT or bPTH had no significant effect on portal vein or hepatic artery blood flow. Hypercalcemia observed following Ca2+ infusion did not significantly modify hepatic IGF-I production. sCT decreased plasma Ca2+, inorganic phosphorus and GH concentrations and hepatic IGF-I production. bPTH induced a slight hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia. It had no significant effect on plasma GH concentration, but increased significantly hepatic IGF-I production. Thus, the anabolic effects of PTH on bone may be partly mediated through an increase in hepatic IGF-I production.
Deep Parametric Indoor Lighting Estimation (2019)

We present a method to estimate lighting from a single image of an indoor scene. Previous work has used an environment map representation that does not account for the localized nature of indoor lighting. Instead, we represent lighting as a set of discrete 3D lights with geometric and photometric parameters. We train a deep neural network to regress these parameters from a single image, on a dataset of environment maps annotated with depth. We propose a differentiable layer to convert these parameters to an environment map to compute our loss; this bypasses the challenge of establishing correspondences between estimated and ground truth lights. We demonstrate, via quantitative and qualitative evaluations, that our representation and training scheme lead to more accurate results compared to previous work, while allowing for more realistic 3D object compositing with spatially-varying lighting.
Spatial light modulator aided noninvasive imaging through scattering layers (2019)

We propose and demonstrate a new imaging technique to noninvasively see through scattering layers with the aid of a spatial light modulator (SLM). A relay system projects the incoherent light pattern emitting from the scattering layer onto the SLM. Two coded phase masks are displayed, one after another, on the SLM to modulate the projected scattered field and the two corresponding intensity patterns are recorded by a digital camera. The above procedure helps to achieve two goals. Firstly, since the coded phase masks are digitally synthesized, the point spread function of the imaging system can be engineered such that the image retrieval becomes more reliable. Secondly, the two recorded intensity patterns are subtracted one from the other and by that the background noise of the recovered image is minimized. The above two advantages along with a modified phase retrieval algorithm enable a relatively easier and accurate convergence to the image of the covered object.
Synthesis of dimesitylborane-substituted phenylcarbazoles as bipolar host materials and the variation of the green PHOLED performance with the substituent position of the boron atom (2014)

Two structural isomers of the bipolar host material containing the dimesitylborane moiety were synthesized and their device performance was investigated. The quantum efficiency of the devices depends on the substituent position of the dimesitylborane moiety. The maximum external quantum efficiency of the device reached as high as 23.8% with a green color coordinate of (0.30, 0.63).
Does Retinal Vascular Geometry Vary with Cardiac Cycle? (2012)

This study showed that there were minimal variations in the CRAE, CRVE, tortuosity, and branching angle that are clinically used for two-dimensional measures of retinal vascular geometry during cardiac cycles. However, there was significant variation in the caliber of the individual vessels over the cardiac cycle.
Flame Retardancy of Thermoplastic Composites - Methodology and case studies (2012)

International audience
All-Angle Polarization-Insensitive Infrared Absorbers for Detector Applications. (2010)

Abstract not provided.
[Role of the autonomic nervous system in the genesis of the electrophysiologic pattern of the double nodal pathway]. (1987)

Thirty-five patients (age: 53 +/- 13 years) with dual A-V nodal pathways pattern were studied following autonomic blockade (propranolol 0.2 mg/kg and atropine 0.04 mg/kg). Six of them had "idionodal" paroxysmal reentrant supraventricular tachycardia. After autonomic blockade the dual A-V nodal pathways pattern remained in 20 patients (57%) and disappeared in 15; however, in the latter, the effective refractory period of the fast pathway decreased significantly and the disappearance of the slow pathway conduction may not have been real since the marked shortening of the fast pathway refractory period may have masked the slow pathway conduction. The longest A2-H2 interval, the effective and functional refractory periods of the fast pathway did not change significantly after autonomic blockade. Even the electrophysiological measures of the slow pathway in the 20 patients in whom they were comparable did not change significantly. The behaviour of the fast and slow pathways measures varied from patient to patient after autonomic blockade. In the 6 patients with idionodal reentrant tachycardia a discrepancy between jump persistence after autonomic blockade and tachycardia induction was observed. These data suggest that: 1) the dual A-V nodal pathways pattern is mainly related to the anatomic structure of the A-V node; 2) the autonomic system affects in a variable way the conduction velocity and the refractoriness of the fast and slow pathways; 3) the dual A-V nodal pathways pattern and the reentry circuit of idional tachycardia imply two different electrophysiological substrata.
Development and Characterization of High-Efficiency, High-Specific Impulse Xenon Hall Thrusters (2004)

This dissertation presents research aimed at extending the efficient operation of 1600 s specific impulse Hall thruster technology to the 2000 to 3000 s range. Motivated by previous industry efforts and mission studies, the aim of this research was to develop and characterize xenon Hall thrusters capable of both high-specific impulse and high-efficiency operation. During the development phase, the laboratory-model NASA 173M Hall thrusters were designed and their performance and plasma characteristics were evaluated. Experiments with the NASA-173M version 1 (v1) validated the plasma lens magnetic field design. Experiments with the NASA 173M version 2 (v2) showed there was a minimum current density and optimum magnetic field topography at which efficiency monotonically increased with voltage. Comparison of the thrusters showed that efficiency can be optimized for specific impulse by varying the plasma lens. During the characterization phase, additional plasma properties of the NASA 173Mv2 were measured and a performance model was derived. Results from the model and experimental data showed how efficient operation at high-specific impulse was enabled through regulation of the electron current with the magnetic field. The electron Hall parameter was approximately constant with voltage, which confirmed efficient operation can be realized only over a limited range of Hall parameters.
Pellino Proteins: Novel Players in TLR and IL‐1R Signalling (2007)

Members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) and interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) family play important roles in immunity and inflammation. They initiate common intracellular signalling cascades leading to the activation of nuclear factor-?B (NF-?B) and other transcription factors that stimulate the expression of a variety of genes that shape an appropriate immune response. TLR/IL-1R signalling involves multiple proteinprotein interactions, but the mechanisms that regulate these interactions are still largely unclear. In this context, Pellino proteins have been suggested to function as evolutionary conserved scaffold proteins in TLR/IL-1R signalling. However, recently Pellino proteins were also proposed to function as novel ubiquitin ligases for IL-1R associated kinase 1 (IRAK-1). Here we review our current knowledge on the expression, biological role and mechanism of action of Pellino proteins in TLR/IL-1R-induced signalling.
FLOCK -flare clock: Passive sweat-based eczematous flare detection system (2022)

FLOCK (flare clock) system is a novel platform that comprises of a nanoporous membrane based multilayer stack that works with passively secreted sweat. It is designed to capture eczema severity and circadian disruption caused due to its symptoms. This is aimed to be a wearable designed for efficient management of the flaring associated with Atopic Dermatitis (AD). The work presents the development of an eczematous flare tracker that detects Interleukin-31 and cortisol levels to create an AD management platform. The platform uses electrochemical detection for tracking these biomarkers in sweat. It is sensitive to IL-31 levels in various flare-based formulations tested through simulated sweating with a detection limit of 50 pg/mL and range 50–1000 pg/mL. On-body study highlights the ability of the wearable platform to track the rise and fall in the biomarkers’ levels. These levels are well correlated to salivary levels and commercial gold standard techniques (r > 0.8, R2 > 0.95).
Ultra-Thin Silicon Nitride X-Ray Windows (2013)

We have demonstrated the fabrication of ultra-thin Si fine grid supported silicon nitride X-ray windows. These X-ray windows exhibit unequaled transmission of soft X-rays, high strength and excellent thermal stability. Measured soft X-ray transmission performance is significantly enhanced compared to typical polymer or beryllium based X-ray window structures. A double sided grid structure is used to demonstrate the scaling of the technology to larger areas.
Rotator cuff repair in patients with inflammatory arthritis: satisfactory midterm outcomes (2022)

Rotator cuff repair in patients with RA or other inflammatory arthritis diagnoses resulted in satisfactory patient-reported outcomes that seem comparable to rotator cuff repair when performed in the general population. Furthermore, reoperations were rare, with a 5-year survival rate free of reoperation for any reason of over 90%. Altogether, an inflammatory arthritis diagnosis should not preclude by itself attempted rotator cuff repair surgery in these patients.
Report of 2017 NSF Workshop on Multimedia Challenges, Opportunities and Research Roadmaps (2019)

With the transformative technologies and the rapidly changing global R&amp;D landscape, the multimedia and multimodal community is now faced with many new opportunities and uncertainties. With the open source dissemination platform and pervasive computing resources, new research results are being discovered at an unprecedented pace. In addition, the rapid exchange and influence of ideas across traditional discipline boundaries have made the emphasis on multimedia multimodal research even more important than before. To seize these opportunities and respond to the challenges, we have organized a workshop to specifically address and brainstorm the challenges, opportunities, and research roadmaps for MM research. The two-day workshop, held on March 30 and 31, 2017 in Washington DC, was sponsored by the Information and Intelligent Systems Division of the National Science Foundation of the United States. Twenty-three (23) invited participants were asked to review and identify research areas in the MM field that are most important over the next 10-15 year timeframe. Important topics were selected through discussion and consensus, and then discussed in depth in breakout groups. Breakout groups reported initial discussion results to the whole group, who continued with further extensive deliberation. For each identified topic, a summary was produced after the workshop to describe the main findings, including the state of the art, challenges, and research roadmaps planned for the next 5, 10, and 15 years in the identified area.
Epitome inpainting with in-loop residue coding for image compression (2014)

International audience
Chinese Speech Information Retrieval for Questions on Mobile Phone Operation. (2006)

We propose an information retrieval method based on question identification. We have implemented and integrated a prototype Chinese speech IR system for a commercial PDA with this method for questions concerning mobile phone operations. A preliminary evaluation showed that our method is effective. In the evaluation, our method outperformed a similar document search method by ten points or more in both its precision and recall for top-ranked candidates.
Novel Extracellular Vesicles Mediate an ABCG2-Dependent Anticancer Drug Sequestration and Resistance (2005)

Overexpression of the multidrug efflux transporter ABCG2 in the plasma membrane of cancer cells confers resistance to various anticancer drugs, including mitoxantrone. Here, we explored the mechanism underlying drug resistance in the MCF-7 breast cancer sublines MCF-7/MR and MCF-7/FLV1000 cells in which wild-type (R482) ABCG2 overexpression is highly confined to cell-cell attachment zones. The latter comprised the membrane of novel extracellular vesicles in which mitoxantrone was rapidly and dramatically sequestered. After 12 hours of incubation with mitoxantrone, the estimated intravesicular drug concentration was approximately 1,000-fold higher than in the culture medium. This drug compartmentalization was prevented by the specific and potent ABCG2 transport inhibitors Ko143 and fumitremorgin C, thereby resulting in restoration of drug sensitivity. Consistently, this intravesicular drug concentration was abrogated by energy deprivation and was restored upon provision of energy substrates. Fine-structure studies corroborated the presence of numerous large extracellular vesicles that were highly confined to cell-cell attachment zones between neighbor cells. Furthermore, high-resolution electron microscopy revealed that the membrane of these extracellular vesicles contained microvilli-like invaginations protruding into the intravesicular lumen. It is likely that these microvilli-like projections increase the vesicular membrane surface, thereby allowing for a more efficient ABCG2-dependent intravesicular anticancer drug concentration. Hence, these novel extracellular vesicles mediate the ABCG2-dependent extraction of intracellular drug, thereby serving as cytotoxic drug disposal chambers shared by multiple neighbor cancer cells. This constitutes a novel modality of anticancer drug resistance.
All-Optical Wavelength-/Time-Selective Switching/Dropping/Swapping for 100-GHz-Spaced WDM Signals Using a Periodically Poled Lithium Niobate Waveguide (2012)

By exploiting sum-frequency generation or cascaded sum- and difference-frequency generation in a periodically poled lithium niobate waveguide, we demonstrate wavelength-/time-selective switching/dropping/swapping. It is shown these operations are applicable for 100-GHz-spaced WDM signals owing to the narrow-band quasi-phase matching condition.
Fluorescence-encoded time-domain coherent Raman spectroscopy through single-photon counting (2021)

Fluorescence-encoded Raman spectroscopy has become increasingly more popular by virtue of its high chemical specificity and sensitivity. However, current fluorescence-encoding methods are narrowband and lack sensitivity in the low wavenumber region which if addressed could further enhance these methods. To overcome these limitations, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel broadband method for fluorescence-encoded Raman spectroscopy, termed fluorescence-encoded time-domain coherent Raman spectroscopy (FLETCHERS), which is capable of probing molecular vibrations in the lower fingerprint region (200 – 750 cm-1 ) with sample concentrations as dilute as 100 nM and laser powers as low as 20 mW.
Techniques for evaluating optimum data center operation (2023)

Techniques for modeling a data center are provided. In one aspect, a method for determining data center efficiency is provided. The method includes the following steps. Target parameters for the data center are obtained. Technology pre-requisite parameters for the data center are obtained. An optimum data center efficiency is determined given the target parameters for the data center and the technology pre-requisite parameters for the data center.
Nfil3-independent lineage maintenance and antiviral response of natural killer cells (2013)

Development of the natural killer (NK) cell lineage is dependent on the transcription factor Nfil3 (or E4BP4), which is thought to act downstream of IL-15 signaling. Nfil3-deficient mice lack NK cells, whereas other lymphocyte lineages (B, T, and NKT cells) remain largely intact. We report the appearance of Ly49H-expressing NK cells in Nfil3(-/-) mice infected with mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) or recombinant viruses expressing the viral m157 glycoprotein. Nfil3(-/-) NK cells at the peak of antigen-driven expansion were functionally similar to NK cells from infected wild-type mice with respect to IFN-γ production and cytotoxicity, and could comparably produce long-lived memory NK cells that persisted in lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues for >60 d. We demonstrate that generation and maintenance of NK cell memory is an Nfil3-independent but IL-15-dependent process. Furthermore, specific ablation of Nfil3 in either immature NK cells in the bone marrow or mature peripheral NK cells had no observable effect on NK cell lineage maintenance or homeostasis. Thus, expression of Nfil3 is crucial only early in the development of NK cells, and signals through activating receptors and proinflammatory cytokines during viral infection can bypass the requirement for Nfil3, promoting the proliferation and long-term survival of virus-specific NK cells.