gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ROCKING-HORSE PHENOMENON OF THE GLENOID COMPONENT: THE IMPORTANCE OF INCLINATION. (2016)

BACKGROUND Abnormal glenoid version positioning has been recognized as a cause of glenoid component failure caused by the rocking horse phenomenon. In contrast, the importance of the glenoid inclination has not been investigated.

MATERIALS AND METHODS The computed tomography scans of 152 healthy shoulders were evaluated. A virtual glenoid component was positioned in 2 different planes: the maximum circular plane (MCP) and the inferior circle plane (ICP). The MCP was defined by the best fitting circle of the most superior point of the glenoid and 2 points at the lower glenoid rim. The ICP was defined by the best fitting circle on the rim of the inferior quadrants. The inclination of both planes was measured as the intersection with the scapular plane. We defined the force vector of the rotator force couple and calculated the magnitude of the shear force vector on a virtual glenoid component in both planes during glenohumeral abduction.

RESULTS The inclination of the component positioned in the MCP averaged 95° (range, 84°–108°) and for the ICP averaged 111° (range, 94°–126°). A significant reduction in shear forces was calculated for the glenoid component in the ICP vs the MCP: 98% reduction in 60° of abduction to 49% reduction in 90° of abduction.

CONCLUSION Shear forces are significantly higher when the glenoid component is positioned in the MCP compared with the ICP, and this is more pronounced in early abduction. Positioning the glenoid component in the inferior circle might reduce the risk of a rocking horse phenomenon.

Copyright © 2015 Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Board of Trustees. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Laser induced phase locking of hydrogen plasma striations (1982)

Laser induced transient striations of a hydrogen discharge plasma are studied as a function of the ’’detuning’’ of the discharge parameters from the steady-state oscillatory response conditions. We observed laser induced phase locking of the steady-state striations.
Stereochemistry of thiono-thiolo rearrangement of phosphorothioic esters. 2 (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereochemistry of thiono-thiolo rearrangement of phosphorothioic esters. 2Karol Bruzik and Wojciech J. StecCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 25, 4488–4492Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00393a005https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00393a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views88Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of one-dimensional structured metal phthalocyanine in an ionic liquid (2007)

Nickel phthalocyanine is synthesized in an ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate) giving a high yield of one-dimensional structures. The morphology of the synthesized material is detected by a high-resolution scanning electron microscope, a high-resolution transmission electron microscope, characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, and a CHN analyzer. The nonlinear optical properties of the synthesized phthalocyanine are also investigated.
Microbial Communities from Methane Hydrate-Bearing Deep Marine Sediments in a Forearc Basin (2002)

Microbial communities in cores obtained from methane hydrate-bearing deep marine sediments (down to more than 300 m below the seafloor) in the forearc basin of the Nankai Trough near Japan were characterized with cultivation-dependent and -independent techniques. Acridine orange direct count data indicated that cell numbers generally decreased with sediment depth. Lipid biomarker analyses indicated the presence of viable biomass at concentrations greater than previously reported for terrestrial subsurface environments at similar depths. Archaeal lipids were more abundant than bacterial lipids. Methane was produced from both acetate and hydrogen in enrichments inoculated with sediment from all depths evaluated, at both 10 and 35 degrees C. Characterization of 16S rRNA genes amplified from the sediments indicated that archaeal clones could be discretely grouped within the Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota domains. The bacterial clones exhibited greater overall diversity than the archaeal clones, with sequences related to the Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and green nonsulfur groups. The majority of the bacterial clones were either members of a novel lineage or most closely related to uncultured clones. The results of these analyses suggest that the microbial community in this environment is distinct from those in previously characterized methane hydrate-bearing sediments.
Biomechanical Evaluation of Proximal Hamstring Repair: All-Suture Anchor Versus Titanium Suture Anchor (2020)

The results of this study suggest that all-suture anchors are an equivalent alternative to titanium suture anchors for proximal hamstring avulsion repair.
Porphyromonas gingivalis Virulence Factor Gingipain RgpB Shows a Unique Zymogenic Mechanism for Cysteine Peptidases (2013)

Zymogenicity is a regulatory mechanism that prevents inadequate catalytic activity in the wrong context. It plays a central role in maintaining microbial virulence factors in an inactive form inside the pathogen until secretion. Among these virulence factors is the cysteine peptidase gingipain B (RgpB), which is the major virulence factor secreted by the periodontopathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis that attacks host vasculature and defense proteins. The structure of the complex between soluble mature RgpB, consisting of a catalytic domain and an immunoglobulin superfamily domain, and its 205-residue N-terminal prodomain, the largest structurally characterized to date for a cysteine peptidase, reveals a novel fold for the prodomain that is distantly related to sugar-binding lectins. It attaches laterally to the catalytic domain through a large concave surface. The main determinant for latency is a surface "inhibitory loop," which approaches the active-site cleft of the enzyme on its non-primed side in a substrate-like manner. It inserts an arginine (Arg(126)) into the S1 pocket, thus matching the substrate specificity of the enzyme. Downstream of Arg(126), the polypeptide leaves the cleft, thereby preventing cleavage. Moreover, the carbonyl group of Arg(126) establishes a very strong hydrogen bond with the co-catalytic histidine, His(440), pulling it away from the catalytic cysteine, Cys(473), and toward Glu(381), which probably plays a role in orienting the side chain of His(440) during catalysis. The present results provide the structural determinants of zymogenic inhibition of RgpB by way of a novel inhibitory mechanism for peptidases in general and open the field for the design of novel inhibitory strategies in the treatment of human periodontal disease.
Synthesis and Linker‐Controlled Self‐Assembly of Dendritic Amphiphiles with Branched Fluorinated Tails (2022)

Amphiphiles containing fluorinated segments tend to aggregate in the aqueous solution into structure of lower curvature than their hydrocarbon analogs due to their larger diameter. A benefit of supramolecular structures incorporating fluorine moieties is their high electron density, which can be viewed in cryo-TEM with better contrast than their hydrogenated forms. A modular approach has been developed for the synthesis of a new family of nonionic branched amphiphiles consisting of oligoglycerol units (G2) as the hydrophilic part and a branched fluorinated (F27) hydrophobic part. The design of this hydrophobic moiety allows to achieve a higher fluorine density than the previously used straight-chain perfluoroalkanes. Two different chemical approaches, amide, and triazole, are used to link the hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments. In addition, the aggregation behavior is investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cryo-TEM. The measurements prove the formation of multivesicular (MVVs) and multilamellar (MLVs) vesicles as well as smaller unilamellar vesicles. Further, the cell viability test proves the low cell toxicity of these nanoarchitectures for potential biomedical applications.
Extreme ultraviolet mask roughness: requirements, characterization, and modeling (2014)

It is now well established that extremely ultraviolet (EUV) mask multilayer roughness can lead to wafer-plane line-edge roughness (LER) in lithography tools. It is also evident that this same effect leads to sensor plane variability in inspection tools. This is true for both patterned mask and mask blank inspection. Here we evaluate mask roughness specifications explicitly from the actinic inspection perspective. The mask roughness requirement resulting from this analysis are consistent with previously described requirements based on lithographic LER. In addition to model-based analysis, we also consider the characterization of multilayer mask roughness and evaluate the validity of using atomic force microscopy (AFM) based measurements by direct comparison to EUV scatterometry measurements as well as aerial image measurements on a series of high quality EUV masks. The results demonstrate a significant discrepancy between AFM results and true EUV roughness as measured by actinic scattering.
Isotope Effect on the Infrared Photoluminescence Decay of Interstitial Oxygen Molecules in Amorphous SiO2 (2009)

The decay constants of the a1Δg(v=0)→X3Σg-(v=0) infrared photoluminescence (PL) of isotopically-labeled oxygen molecules 16O18O and 18O2 dissolved in the interstitial voids of a-SiO2 are ∼1.7 and ∼2.5 times larger than that of 16O2. This difference originates from the isotope shift in the energy of the nonradiative transitions from the a state to the vibronic levels of the X ground state. Calibration of the PL quantum yield using the measured decay constants is essential to measure the correct concentration of isotopically-labeled interstitial O2.
Abstract 5146: Reprogramming metastatic melanoma with the embryonic chick neural crest microenvironment (2010)

Abstract Our previous work demonstrated that metastatic melanoma cells transplanted into the chick embryonic neural crest microenvironment invade into the host tissue, migrate along host neural crest cell migratory pathways without forming tumors, and assume a neural crest cell-like phenotype (Kulesa et al., 2006; Hendrix et al., 2007; Kasemeier-Kulesa et al., 2008). Here, we aim to elucidate the tissues and signals within the ancestral embryonic neural crest microenvironment capable of reprogramming metastatic melanoma cells. We find that in vitro co-culture of C8161 melanoma cells with various chick tissues, including head, branchial arches, and trunk, reveal that embryonic day 4 trunk tissue induces an overall 6% re-expression of MART-1, a marker of a melanocyte like phenotype. This MART-1 re-expression is highest in cells in close proximity to the co-cultured tissue. We also tested known differentiation factors present in embryonic day 4 trunk tissue, and found NGF to have a 5-fold increase of MART-1 re-expression on C8161 cells. Further work will help establish whether the neural crest embryonic microenvironment initiates a more stable, long-lived reprogramming of the aggressive, metastatic melanoma cells to a more benign neural crest cell phenotype. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5146.
A Comparison of Neutron-Based Non-Destructive Assessment Methods for Chemical Warfare Materiel and High Explosives (2016)

Prompt Gamma Neutron Activation Analysis (PGNAA) systems employ neutrons as a probe to interrogate items, e.g. chemical warfare materiel-filled munitions. The choice of a neutron source in field-portable systems is determined by its ability to excite nuclei of interest, operational concerns such as radiological safety and ease-of-use, and cost. Idaho National Laboratory’s PINS Chemical Assay System has traditionally used a Cf-252 isotopic neutron source, but recently a Deuterium-Tritium (DT) Electronic Neutron Generator (ENG) has been tested as an alternate neutron source. This paper presents the results of using both of these neutron sources to interrogate chemical warfare materiel (CWM) and high explosive (HE) filled munitions.
Symbol Based Search Space Constraining for Complexity/Performance Scalable Near ML Detection in Spatial Multiplexing MIMO OFDM Systems (2009)

For both outdoor and indoor wireless systems there is an increasing demand of high spectral efficiency at a very low cost and power consumption. In this context, MIMO wireless system adopting spatial multiplexing offer a way of increasing the spectral efficiency of the system. In order to fully exploit this capacity non linear MIMO detectors such as maximum likelihood detectors are required. However, when high order modulation schemes are applied, the complexity of this kind of detector becomes prohibitive for a practical implementation. As a solution to this problem, low complexity maximum likelihood detectors such as sphere detectors are appealing as a low complexity solution for high spectral efficiency transmission. Although sphere decoding provides a lower complexity solution than a classical ML detector, its complexity still remains unpredictable and exponentially dependent on channel propagation conditions. This variability in complexity makes the implementation of sphere decoders not practical. In this paper, a new approach for constraining the ML search space is proposed which provides a predictable upper bound for complexity, hence facilitating its implementation. Moreover, the new approach for computing the constrained search space significantly reduces the complexity of the detection while offering scalability in terms of performance and complexity. Simulation results in a cellular system demonstrate the scalability of our detector and the performance/complexity trade-off that it enables.
Endogenous expression of an anti-TAR aptamer reduces HIV-1 replication. (2006)

International audience
Interface microstructure of Stellite‐6 coatings on a 12%Cr steel after long term thermal exposure (2010)

Abstract 9–12% Cr steels are widely used in turbine parts in steam power plants because of their good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures. However, parts like valve seats and spindles are prone to oxidation, particle erosion or wear. This requires the application of protective coatings with adequate mechanical properties, wear and spalling resistance. Cobalt based coatings like Stellite 6 are applied for service temperatures up to 550°C, but steam temperatures of up to 700°C are planned for future power plants in order to decrease the CO 2 exhaustion. In this work, the interfacial microstructure of Stellite 6 coated 12% Cr steel before and after long term annealing at elevated temperatures (up to 625°C and 10 000 h) was characterized. The experimental results were compared with the results of additional thermodynamic simulations. It could be shown that a thin (˜20 μm), hard and brittle interlayer with a complex microstructure forms during annealing, which can affect the long term integrity of such components. 9–12% Cr Stähle sind aufgrund ihrer guten mechanischen Eigenschaften und der relativ guten Korrosionsbeständigkeit bei erhöhten Temperaturen weitverbreitete Werkstoffe für Turbinenkomponenten in Dampfkraftwerken. Bestimmte Teile wie Ventilsitze oder ‐spindeln unterliegen einer ausgeprägten Beanspruchung verursacht durch Oxidation, Partikelerosion und Reibverschleiß. Aus diesem Grund werden häufig Schutzschichten mit angepassten mechanischen Eigenschaften, guten Verschleißeigenschaften sowie geringer Neigung zum Ablösen vom Grundwerkstoff eingesetzt. Beschichtungen aus Kobaltbasislegierungen wie z. B. Stellit 6 werden schon seit langen bei Betriebstemperaturen bis ca. 550°C verwendet. Für die Zukunft sind jedoch Frischdampftemperaturen von 700°C und mehr geplant, wodurch die CO 2 ‐Emission von Kraftwerken reduziert werden soll. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde die grenzflächennahe Mikrostruktur von mit Stellit 6 beschichtetem 12%Cr‐Stahl vor und nach einer Langzeitauslagerung bis zu 10 000 h bei Temperaturen von bis zu 625°C charakterisiert. Die experimentellen Ergebnisse wurden mit den Ergebnissen ergänzender thermodynamischer Simulationen verglichen. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass eine dünne (˜20 μm) harte und spröde Reaktionszwischenschicht mit komplexer Mikrostruktur während der Auslagerung entsteht, die sich negativ auf die Langzeitstabilität von entsprechenden Komponenten auswirken kann.
Pure Silica Zeolite-type Frameworks: A Structural Analysis (2008)

Since the last major study of silicate crystal structures, many new pure silica zeolite-type frameworks have been discovered. These materials have many interesting properties that are dependent on their structure. We have brought together and analyzed the structures in 35 well-defined frameworks to see how they differ from one another depending on the synthetic route, template, calcination, and composition, and how they differ from the dense silicate phases previously examined. The grand mean values of the Si−O bond distance and the O−Si−O angle are found to be 1.594 Å and 109.5°, respectively. The variation and flexibility of the Si−O−Si bond from 133.6 to 180° is discussed, as is the role of fluoride in influencing the O−Si−O bond angles in phases prepared using hydrofluoric acid and ammonium fluoride as mineralizers.
Search for massive resonances decaying into WW, WZ, ZZ, qW, and qZ with dijet final states at s=13  TeV (2018)

Results are presented from a search in the dijet final state for new massive narrow resonances decaying to pairs of W and Z bosons or to a W=Z boson and a quark. Results are based on data recorded in protonproton collisions at ffiffi ffi s p 13 TeV with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb -1 . The mass range investigated extends upwards from 1.2 TeV. No excess is observed above the estimated standard model background and limits are set at 95% confidence level on cross sections, which are interpreted in terms of various models that predict gravitons, heavy spin-1 bosons, and excited quarks. In a heavy vector triplet model, W 0 and Z 0 resonances, with masses below 3.2 and 2.7 TeV, respectively, and spin-1 resonances with degenerate masses below 3.8 TeV are excluded at 95% confidence level. In the case of a singlet W 0 resonance masses between 3.3 and 3.6 TeV can be excluded additionally. Similarly, excited quark resonances, q , decaying to qW and qZ with masses less than 5.0 and 4.7 TeV, respectively, are excluded. In a narrow-width bulk graviton model, upper limits are set on cross sections ranging from 0.6 fb for high resonance masses above 3.6 TeV, to 36.0 fb for low resonance masses of 1.3 TeV.
Time-domain parametric sensitivity analysis of multiconductor transmission lines (2011)

We present a new parametric macromodeling technique for lossy and dispersive multiconductor transmission lines (MTLs). This technique can handle design parameters, such as substrate or geometrical layout features, and provide time-domain sensitivity information for voltage and currents at the ports of the lines. It is based on a recently introduced spectral approach for the analysis of lossy and dispersive MTLs [1], [2] and it is suited to generate state-space models and synthesize equivalent circuits, which can be easily embedded into conventional SPICE-like solvers. Parametric macromodels which provide sensitivity information are well suited for design space exploration, design optimization and crosstalk analysis. A numerical example validates the proposed approach in both frequency and time domain.
Material Analysis of Fluorescent Silicon (Si) Nanomaterial Prepared Electrochemically from Sodium Silicate Water Glass Solutions (2010)

Highly fluorescent films composed of Si-based nanomaterial were successfully fabricated, using an inexpensive low power electrodeposition process and the abundant least toxic water glass solutions. The films were successfully deposited on highly and moderately conducting substrates and selective area deposition was demonstrated. Different analytical techniques show that the produced films are strongly fluorescent and stable under UV excitation. Material and structural analysis confirm that the deposited films are composed of Si-based nanomaterial. The results were interpreted in terms of current-induced nucleation of silicon nanomaterial.
Heat-killed Lactobacillus Reuteri GMNL-263 Prevents Epididymal Fat Accumulation and Cardiac Injury in High-Calorie Diet-Fed Rats (2016)

High-calorie diet-induced obesity leads to cardiomyocyte dysfunction and apoptosis. Impaired regulation of epididymal fat content in obese patients has been known to increase the risk of cardiac injury. In our study, a lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-263, was evaluated for its potential to reduce body weight and body fat ratio and to prevent heart injury in rats with high-fat diet-induced obesity. Lactic acid bacteria supplementation restored the cardiac function and decreased the physiological changes in the heart of the obese rats. In addition, the Fas/Fas-associated protein pathway-induced caspase 3/e Poly polymerase mediated apoptosis in the cardiomyocytes of the obese rats was reversed in the Lr263-treated rats. These results reveal that fed with Lr-263 reduces body fat ratio, inhibits caspase 3-mediated apoptosis and restores cardiac function in obese rats through recovery of ejection fraction and fractional shortening. Our results indicated that the administration of Lr263 lactic acid bacteria can significantly down-regulate body fat and prevent cardiomyocyte injury in obese rats.
Empirical comparison of correlation measures and pruning levels in complex networks representing the global climate system (2011)

Climate change is an issue of growing economic, social, and political concern. Continued rise in the average temperatures of the Earth could lead to drastic climate change or an increased frequency of extreme events, which would negatively affect agriculture, population, and global health. One way of studying the dynamics of the Earth's changing climate is by attempting to identify regions that exhibit similar climatic behavior in terms of long-term variability. Climate networks have emerged as a strong analytics framework for both descriptive analysis and predictive modeling of the emergent phenomena. Previously, the networks were constructed using only one measure of similarity, namely the (linear) Pearson cross correlation, and were then clustered using a community detection algorithm. However, nonlinear dependencies are known to exist in climate, which begs the question whether more complex correlation measures are able to capture any such relationships. In this paper, we present a systematic study of different univariate measures of similarity and compare how each affects both the network structure as well as the predictive power of the clusters.