gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fluorine-substituted ferracyclopentadiene complexes with an unprecedented fluorine bridge between boron and carbon [Erratum to document cited in CA112(5):36104g] (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorine-substituted ferracyclopentadiene complexes with an unprecedented fluorine bridge between boron and carbon [Erratum to document cited in CA112(5):36104g]Chad A. Mirkin, Kuang Lieh Lu, Gregory L. Geoffroy, and Arnold L. RheingoldCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 16, 6155Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00172a057https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00172a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views80Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Rhodium-Catalyzed [5 + 2] Cycloadditions of Allenes and Vinylcyclopropanes:  Asymmetric Total Synthesis of (+)-Dictamnol (1999)

The asymmetric synthesis of (+)-dictamnol is described, based on the rhodium catalyzed [5 + 2] cycloaddition of an allene and vinylcyclopropane. This cycloaddition methodology provides the basis for a general and efficient route to various bicyclo[5.3.0]decenes, ring systems common to a wide range of natural and designed compounds of structural and medicinal interest.
The mechanism of the zirconium-catalyzed carbomagnesiation reaction. Efficient and selective catalytic carbomagnesiation with higher alkyls of magnesium (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe mechanism of the zirconium-catalyzed carbomagnesiation reaction. Efficient and selective catalytic carbomagnesiation with higher alkyls of magnesiumAmir H. Hoveyda, James P. Morken, Ahmad F. Houri, and Zhongmin XuCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 17, 6692–6697Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00043a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00043a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views799Altmetric-Citations79LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Supplementary Table S3 from Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic correlation from mouse to human with pazopanib, a multikinase angiogenesis inhibitor with potent antitumor and antiangiogenic activity (2023)

Supplementary Table S3 from Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic correlation from mouse to human with pazopanib, a multikinase angiogenesis inhibitor with potent antitumor and antiangiogenic activity
The endoscopic endonasal eustachian tube anterolateral mobilization strategy: minimizing the cost of the extreme-medial approach (2020)

Anterolateral mobilization of the ET provides excellent access to the ventral jugular foramen and infrapetrous region. The surgical exposure obtained is superior to that achieved with other ET management strategies and is comparable to that obtained by ET resection.
A Technique for Determining the Poisson’s Ratio of Thin Films (1996)

Abstract The theory and experimental approach for a new technique used to determine the Poisson’s ratio of thin films are presented. The method involves taking the ratio of curvatures of cantilever beams and plates micromachined out of the film of interest. Curvature is induced by a through-thickness variation in residual stress, or by depositing a thin film under residual stress onto the beams and plates. This approach is made practical by the fact that the two curvatures are the only required experimental parameters, and small calibration errors cancel when their ratio is taken. The uncertainly in this method is due primarily to variation in the measured curvatures, and should range from ±0.02 to 0.04 with proper measurement technique.
The reactions of hydropersulfides (RSSH) with myoglobin (2020)

Hydropersulfides are reported to be good biological reductants, superior to thiols and akin to selenols. As such, they have been previously shown to reduce metalloproteins such as ferric myoglobin and ferric cytochrome c to their ferrous forms under conditions where little or no reduction from corresponding thiols is observed. Not surprisingly, the reduction of ferric myoglobin to ferrous myoglobin under aerobic conditions results in the generation of oxymyoglobin (dioxygen bound ferrous myoglobin). Previous studies have demonstrated that oxymyoglobin can also act as an oxidant with highly reducing species such as hydroxylamine and ascorbate. Considering the reducing properties of hydropersulfides, it is possible that they can also react with oxymyoglobin similarly to hydroxylamine or ascorbate. Herein, this reaction is examined and indeed hydropersulfides are found to react with oxymyoglobin similarly to other reducing species leading to a fleeting ferric myoglobin which is rapidly reduced to the ferrous form also by hydropersulfide.
GaN light-emitting triodes for high-efficiency hole injection and light emission (2006)

Experimental results on a new type of light-emitting device, the light-emitting triode (LET), are presented. The LET is a three-terminal p-n junction device that accelerates carriers in the lateral direction, i.e. parallel to the p-n junction plane, by means of an electric field between two anodes. The lateral field provides additional energy to carriers thereby allowing them to overcome barriers and increasing the carrier injection efficiency into the active region. LETs were fabricated using a ultraviolet LED structure that has an AlGaN/GaN superlattice in the p-type confinement region for high-conductivity 2 dimensional hole gas. LET mesa structures were obtained by standard photolithographic patterning followed by chemically-assisted ion-beam etching using Cl<sub>2</sub> and Ar to expose the n-type cladding layer. The n-type contact was fabricated by electron-beam evaporation of Ti/Al/Ni/Au. Ni/Au (50/50 Å) metallization was deposited for both anodes, Anode 1 and Anode 2, and subsequently annealed at 500 <sup>o</sup>C in an O<sub>2</sub> ambient. It is shown that both the current between Anode 1 and the cathode, and the light-output power increase with increasing negative bias to the Anode 2. This is consistent with the expectation that a negative bias to the second anode allows carriers to acquire a high kinetic energy thereby enabling them to overcome the barrier for holes, resulting in high injection efficiency into the active region that lies beyond the barrier.
Application of Process Simulation for Comparison of Contactless and Conventional Electrodeposition Methods for 3D Packaging (2016)

The objective of this study is to simulate the through silicon via copper filling process in conventional and recently developed contactless methods of electrodeposition for 3D packaging applications. Electrochemical measurements were employed and integrated in the development of a comprehensive process simulator. The experimental data not only provided the necessary parameters for the model but also validated the simulation accuracy. From the simulation results, the "pinch-off" effect was observed for the conventional deposition process; this effect causes partial filling and void formation. By contrast, a void-free filling with higher deposition rates was achieved by the use of the contactless technique. Further, experimental results of contactless electrodeposition on patterned wafers showed bottom-up filling in vias of 4 μm diameter and 50 μm depth without void formation and no copper overburden in the regions outside the vias.
Totalsynthese von Spirotryprostatin A (1998)

Nur acht Schritte mit 12% Gesamtausbeute enthält die erste Totalsynthese der Titelverbindung 1, die die Übergänge von der G2- und der M-Phase in die jeweils nächsten Phasen des Zellcyclus inhibiert. Schlüsselschritte der Synthese sind eine stereokontrollierte oxidative Umlagerung eines Indols zum chiralen Spiroindolinon und eine regioselektive Sulfoxideliminierung.
Zinc-Deficient Diet Decreases Fetal Long Bone Growth Through Decreased Bone Matrix Formation in Mice (2009)

This study evaluated the effects of zinc on skeletal development during fetal development in pregnant ICR mice fed a zinc-deficient (3 mg/kg) or zinc-adequate (30 mg/kg) diet. We also included a group pair-fed with the zinc-deficient group to control for decreased appetite due to zinc deficiency. Developing fetuses at embryonic day 18.5 were removed by cesarean section, and the skeletal development was evaluated by histological analysis as well as by body weight and longitudinal growth measurement. Reduced maternal food intake in the zinc-deficient and pair-fed groups resulted in a marked and significant (P < .05) decrease in fetal weight compared to that of the zinc-adequate group. However, fetal length retardation in the pair-fed group was less marked than in the zinc-deficient group, suggesting that reduced supply of zinc from maternal circulation may play a role in longitudinal growth through skeletal development. The fetal developing tibia of the zinc-deficient group showed marked shortening of diaphysis and a mild narrowing of the hypertrophic chondrocyte zone width with increased osteoclast number, but there was no influence on the mineralization of bone matrix. This may be the result of reduced activation of osteoblasts and maturation of chondrocytes with increased osteoclastic activity, suggesting that zinc deficiency during the fetal development has a greater impact on the matrix formation of bone than the mineralization of bone matrix.
Dynamic ligand‐exchange chiral stationary phase from S‐benzyl‐(R)‐cysteine (2006)

S-benzyl-(R)-cysteine (R-SBC) is a new chiral ligand-exchange stationary phase which has proved to be effective in the analytical separation of some natural and unnatural underivatized amino acids with fair to good separation and resolution factors. The dynamic coating of the RP-18 solid support with S-Benzyl-(R)-cysteine (R-SBC) gives rise to a stable and efficient chiral stationary phase (CSP) that has been successfully employed. The mechanism of chiral recognition is discussed and a molecular modeling study aimed at identifying molecular descriptors responsible for observed different behaviours of analytes upon different albeit closely related selectors is discussed.
Supramolecular Complexes of Sulfadiazine and Pyridines: Reconfigurable Exteriors and Chameleon-like Behavior of Tautomers at the Co-Crystal–Salt Boundary (2012)

We apply crystal engineering principles to prepare organic co-crystals and salts of sulfadiazine and pyridines. Pyridines are molecular building blocks utilized in crystal engineering that can disrupt the hydrogen bonded (amidine) N–H···N (pyrimidine) dimer within the parent sulfa drug (SD) crystals, while providing access to both co-crystals and salts. We have synthesized four co-crystals and three salts of sulfadiazine involving N,N-dimethyl-4-aminopyridine, 4-aminopyridine, 4-picoline, 4,4′-bipyridine, (E)-1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene, 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)acetylene, and 4-(pyridin-4-yl)piperazine. Single-crystal X-ray analyses reveal three hydrogen-bond motifs, namely, dyads, rings, and chains based involving either (amidine/aniline) N–H···N (pyridine/pyrimidine), (pyridinium) +N–H···N– (amidide), (aniline/piperazine) N–H···O2S (sulfoxide) interactions, or a combination thereof. The hydrogen-bond motifs are assigned as D11(2), R22(8), R22(20), C22(17), and C22(13) graph sets. An analysis of the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) reveals that the S–N bond length is generally shorter in complexes based on an anionic SD, which is consistent with the sulfonamide possessing greater S═N character. From an analysis of SD-based structures involving our work and the CSD, we present a heretofore not discussed role of tautomers at the co-crystal–salt boundary. Specifically, the ability of tautomeric forms of SDs to display reconfigurable exteriors, and thereby act as chameleons, enables SDs to accommodate different co-formers by assuming different geometries and adopting different regions along the co-crystal–salt boundary.
Efficient Recycling of Poly(lactic acid) Nanoparticle Templates for the Synthesis of Hollow Silica Spheres (2017)

Herein, we present the first successful silica coating of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanoparticles, resulting in fully coated PLA–silica core–shell nanoparticles. Subsequent dissolution treatment efficiently dissolved the PLA core template and exclusively yielded hollow silica spheres with a shell thickness of 16 ± 1 nm. The collected PLA could then be directly recycled from the template removal solution and reused to synthesize PLA nanoparticles for a next batch of hollow silica nanospheres. Such hollow particles are of interest in next-generation insulation materials and as lightweight fillers in polymers for fuel-efficient mobility.
Multicore Fibers for Extremely Large Capacity Transmission (2013)

This paper reviews our activities on multicore ﬁ bers for extremely large capacity transmission. First, we presented the multicore fiber features with a one-ring structure that was used in a transmission experiment that realized record capacity of 1.01 Pb/s/ﬁ ber. Multicore ﬁ bers with a one-ring structure can overcome three problems with hexagonal close-packed structures. Finally, we presented two approaches to enlarge the core multiplicity. A quasi-homogeneous Aeff heterogeneous multicore ﬁ ber realizes bend insensitivity and very small crosstalk. A few mode multicore ﬁ bers might drastically enlarge the core multiplicity.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel SCPC-CO<sub>3</sub>Ap Cement for Pulp Capping Application in Dentistry (2017)

Silica-calcium phosphate composite (SCPC) and carbonate apatite (CO 3 Ap) have several superior properties as they are bioactive, bioresorbable and elicit excellent tissue response. The CO 3 Ap surface layer and hydrated silica developed on the surface of the SCPC may be a key factor for achieving dentin regeneration. On the other hand, calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH) 2 ] have antibacterial properties and biocompatible to dental tissue. Therefore, the combination of CO 3 Ap, SCPC, and Ca(OH) 2 in a bone cement may be favorable as a pulp capping agent that enhances pulp tissue formation and dentin regeneration. The aim of the present study is to synthesize and characterize a novel SCPC-CO 3 Ap cement for pulp capping application in dentistry. The cement is composed of dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA), vaterite, Ca(OH) 2 and SCPC. The set cement was further characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). The microstructure of set cement was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the mechanical strength was evaluated by diametral tensile strength (DTS). The FT-IR analyses revealed that the additional bands of carbonate were detected in each sample. The SEM samples of set cement showing more compact surface microstructure of group II compared to other groups. Furthermore, the combination of 5% SCPC and 5% Ca(OH) 2 in the cement facilitated a compact structure with superior mechanical strength. The novel SCPC-CO 3 Ap cement has great potential to be used for pulp capping to facilitate dentin regeneration.
Introduction to Special Issue: Sugars, bugs and us (2013)

Glycan-mediated host–microbe interactions are critical to colonization by and maintenance of our helpful commensal microbiota, as well as to recognition and control of pathogenic microbes that can do us harm. This is a rapidly expanding field of research, so we are delighted that our first collection of themed reviews in Glycobiology is on this topic. The first article, by Bergstrom and Xia, describes the features of intestinal mucins, including the structures and synthesis of the O-glycans that are essential for the function of mucins as a physical barrier between microbes and intestinal epithelium. This review also discusses the disease states, such as inflammatory bowel disease, that occur when the mucin barrier is disrupted by loss of expression of specific glycosyltransferases that create the O-glycans on mucins. However, the intestinal mucin barrier is not simply a Maginot line against invading pathogens. The mucin layer is important for colonization by and maintenance of the commensal microbiota that help us digest food, provide nutrients and regulate immune homeostasis. As described in the second article by Sonnenburg and colleagues, intestinal mucus is more than a carbon source for beneficial microbes. The presence of mucins with specific types of glycan decorations helps guide microbes to the appropriate habitat within the gut. This article describes roles for specific glycosyltransferases in establishing the composition of the intestinal microbial communities. As the authors say, “while it may seem that these nuances are only of interest to a few expert glycobiologists around the world, countless microbes that inhabit each person’ sb owel share this appreciation”. The third article, by Ma and Underhill, addresses a novel function of the C-type lectin Dectin-1 in defense against fungal pathogens. It is well described that recognition of β-glucans on yeast by Dectin-1 on innate immune cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages triggers inflammation, with production of cytokines and reactive oxygen species and subsequent extracellular fungal killing. The current review highlights the role of Dectin-1 in phagocytosis and autophagy of yeast that have been ingested by the host cell. Additional recent reviews in Glycobiology touch on related aspects of this topic. These include reviews of human milk oligosaccharides, important for colonization of the newborn gut by microbiota (Bode 2012), and the roles of glycans in infection, inflammation and microbial evasion of the immune response (Kreisman and Cobb 2012), and a comprehensive review of the enzymes that initiate mucin type O-glycosylation (Bennett et al. 2012). We plan to make collections of themed reviews in Glycobiology a regular feature, and this first group is an exciting start.
Polyisobutylene‐containing block polymers by sequential monomer addition. I. The living carbocationic polymerization of styrene (1991)

Abstract The living carbocationic polymerisation of styrene (St) has been investigated by the 2‐chloro‐2,4,4‐trimethylpentane (TMPCI)/TiCl 4 initiating system in the presence of various additives such as electron pair donors (ED s ) and the proton trap 2,6‐di‐ tert ‐butylpyridine (DtBP) by the use of the mixed solvent CH 3 Cl/methyl‐cyclohexane (MCHx) (40/60 v/v) at −80°C under conventional laboratory conditions. The TMPCl/TiCl 4 system in the absence of additives produces ill‐defined bimodal molecular weight distribution (MWD) polymers. Much better defined polystyrenes (PSt) can be obtained in the presence of EDs, such as N , N ‐dimethylacetamide (DMA) and hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA). Monomer depletion should be avoided to prevent intra‐ or intermolecular alkylation yielding indanyl end groups or branched polymers, respectively. In the combined presence of an ED and the proton trap, i.e., DMA + DtBP, the living polymerization of St has been achieved and thus the foundations for the carbocationic synthesis of PSt block polymers by sequential monomer addition have been laid.
Identification of a PLP-Dependent Threonine Transaldolase: A Novel Enzyme Involved in 4-Fluorothreonine Biosynthesis in Streptomyces cattleya This work was supported by the Biotechnological and Biological Sciences Research Council and the University of St Andrews. (2001)

The final enzyme on the biosynthetic pathway to 4-fluorothreonine is identified in Streptomyces cattleya. The enzyme catalyzes a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent “transaldose” reaction between L-threonine and fluoroacetaldehyde (see scheme; PLP=pyridoxal 5′-phosphate). Unlike threonine aldolases, glycine is not a substrate for this new type of enzyme. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.angewandte.com or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
SAT-021 Effects of E2/P4 Oral Capsules on Bone Turnover in Women with Vasomotor Symptoms (2020)

Abstract Menopausal hormone therapy slows bone turnover and reduces the risk of osteoporotic fractures. The objective of this post hoc analysis was to evaluate bone turnover markers (BTM) in the phase 3 REPLENISH trial, which evaluated vasomotor symptoms (VMS) with an oral estradiol/progesterone (E2/P4) in postmenopausal women with a uterus. Eligible women for this analysis had ≥50 moderate to severe VMS/week, &amp;lt;5 years since last menstrual period, and BTM measurements at baseline, and months 6 and 12. Percent changes for 3 BTM (bone specific alkaline phosphatase [BSAP], C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen [CTX-1], and N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen [PINP]) assessed by immunoassay methods were evaluated from baseline to months 6 and 12 for the 1/100, 0.5/100 and placebo groups. A total of 157 women (40–61 years, 69% White) were analyzed (56 for each 1/100 and 0.5/100; 45 for placebo). Mean baseline values ranged from 14.0–14.3 U/L for BSAP, 0.34–0.39 ng/mL for CTX-1, and 76.9–79.3 ng/mL for PINP. Mean differences in percent change from baseline versus placebo significantly decreased with both E2/P4 doses for all 3 BTM at months 6 and 12. Mean differences from placebo for E2/P4 at months 6/12 ranged from -8.1% to -17.8% for BSAP (all, P≤0.02), -30% to -41% for CTX-1 (all, P≤0.001), and -14% to -29% for PINP (all, P≤0.007). REPLENISH data provide support for a potential skeletal benefit of E2/P4 when used for the treatment of moderate to severe VMS.