gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High frequency inverter design for large-signal characterization of domestic induction heating load (2006)

Current research topics in the field of domestic induction heating entail analytical study of inductor-pot coupling behavior which must be verified with experimental results. Small-signal measurements are easily achieved up to 1 MHz with commercial LCR meters. On the other hand, large-signal experimentation requires a custom made measurement test bench. Whatever the approach selected to design this system, the instrumentation will be divided into a signal generator, a data acquisition block and a post-processing method for model parameter extraction. In order to separate influence of main factors determining load electrical parameter values a good solution could be sinusoidal current excitation with selectable frequency and amplitude. The scheme proposed is the utilization of a high frequency resonant half-bridge inverter operating slightly above resonance under zero voltage switching conditions to acquire near sinusoidal current. Output power control is carried out through of a variable DC bus and resonant conditions are fixed by means of an adjustable resonant capacitor. This paper enumerates the design challenges that such inverter involves in this application and which are the solutions adopted. Final prototype covering the required operation range has been designed, constructed and evaluated up to 1.5 MHz for a given active power of 3.5 kW at resonance with power capability of 16.8 kVA at Megahertz frequencies
Are the rates of dexter transfer in TADF hyperfluorescence systems optically accessible? (2021)

Seemingly not, but for unexpected reasons. Combining the triplet harvesting properties of TADF materials with the fast emission rates and colour purity of fluorescent emitters is attractive for developing high performance OLEDs. In this "hyperfluorescence" approach, triplet excitons are converted to singlets on the TADF material and transferred to the fluorescent material by long range Förster energy transfer. The primary loss mechanism is assumed to be Dexter energy transfer from the TADF triplet to the non-emissive triplet of the fluorescent emitter. Here we use optical spectroscopy to investigate energy transfer in representative emissive layers. Despite observing kinetics that at first appear consistent with Dexter quenching of the TADF triplet state, transient absorption, photoluminescence quantum yields, and comparison to phosphor-sensitised "hyperphosphorescent" systems reveal that this is not the case. While Dexter quenching by the fluorescent emitter is likely still a key loss mechanism in devices, we demonstrate that - despite initial appearances - it is inoperative under optical excitation. These results reveal a deep limitation of optical spectroscopy in characterizing hyperfluorescent systems.
Slow peptide bond formation by proline and other N -alkylamino acids in translation (2008)

Proteins are made from 19 aa and, curiously, one N-alkylamino acid ("imino acid"), proline (Pro). Pro is thought to be incorporated by the translation apparatus at the same rate as the 19 aa, even though the alkyl group in Pro resides directly on the nitrogen nucleophile involved in peptide bond formation. Here, by combining quench-flow kinetics and charging of tRNAs with cognate and noncognate amino acids, we find that Pro incorporates in translation significantly more slowly than Phe or Ala and that other N-alkylamino acids incorporate much more slowly. Our results show that the slowest step in incorporation of N-alkylamino acids is accommodation/peptidyl transfer after GTP hydrolysis on EF-Tu. The relative incorporation rates correlate with expectations from organic chemistry, suggesting that amino acid sterics and basicities affect translation rates at the peptidyl transfer step. Cognate isoacceptor tRNAs speed Pro incorporation to rates compatible with in vivo, although still 3-6 times slower than Phe incorporation from Phe-tRNA(Phe) depending on the Pro codon. Results suggest that Pro is the only N-alkylamino acid in the genetic code because it has a privileged cyclic structure that is more reactive than other N-alkylamino acids. Our data on the variation of the rate of incorporation of Pro from native Pro-tRNA(Pro) isoacceptors at 4 different Pro codons help explain codon bias not accounted for by the "tRNA abundance" hypothesis.
Structural and electrical characterization of CeAlO3 ceramics (2007)

The crystal structure and electrical properties of CeAlO3 ceramics prepared by the mixed oxide route have been investigated. X-ray and electron diffraction data show the room temperature structure to be described by the tetragonal I4∕mcm space group [a=5.3253(5)Å and c=7.5860(9)Å; Z=4, and theoretical density, Dx=6.64g∕cm3]. CeAlO3 ceramics sintered at 1500°C under flowing 5%H2–95%N2 gas for 4h reach ∼94% of Dx with a microstructure of randomly distributed equiaxed grains of average grain size ∼2μm. Conventional transmission electron microscopy reveals needle-shaped ferroelastic domains in some grains. The relative permittivity εr of CeAlO3 ceramics is ∼18–20 in the range of ∼10–300K. At room temperature and microwave frequencies, CeAlO3 ceramics exhibit εr∼20.7, Qfr∼40117GHz (at 9.5GHz), and τf∼−57ppm∕K. The ion polarizability for Ce3+ is calculated to be 4.46Å3. Revised dielectric polarizabilities for rare-earth lanthanides are also presented.
Machine-Mediated Teaming: Mixture of Human and Machine in Physical Gaming Experience (2022)

Technological advancement has opened up opportunities for new sports and physical activities. We introduce a concept called machine-mediated teaming, in which a human and a surrogate machine form a team to participate in physical sports games. To understand the experience of machine-mediated teaming and the guidelines for designing the system to achieve the concept, we built a case study system based on tug-of-war. Our system is a sports game played by two against two. One team consists of a player who actually pulls the rope and another player who participates in the physical game by controlling the machine’s actuators. We conducted user studies using this system to investigate the sport experience in this form and to reveal insights to inform future research on machine-mediated teaming. Based on the data obtained from the user studies, we clarified three perspectives, machine stamina, action space, and explicit feedback, that should be considered when designing future machine-mediated teaming systems. The research presented in this paper offers a first step towards exploring how humans and machines can coexist in highly dynamic physical interactions.
Roles of TGF-beta and periostin in fibrosclerosis in patients with IgG4-related diseases (2013)

Serum IgG4 levels were elevated in all patients (mean 776.6, range 185-2820 mg/dl), and IgG4-positive plasmacytes were observed in the affected salivary glands. Seven patients with prominent infiltration of the involved glands with IgG4-positive plasmacytes had fatal systemic complications, including pancreatitis, after swelling of the salivary glands. Overexpression of TGF-beta and periostin was observed in affected tissues obtained from these patients.
Microstructural Effects and Kinetics of High Temperature Oxidation in NB-Si Base Alloys (2006)

Multiphase Niobium-Silicon alloys offer great potential as a new generation of refractory material system that could meet the high-temperature capability envisaged to exceed the application temperatures of Ni base superalloys. One of the serious concerns in the application of Nb based alloys is their poor oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures. However, alloying of the Nb solid solution phase can be quite effective in obtaining remarkably improved high-temperature oxidation resistance without compromising other high-temperature mechanical properties. Several researchers have investigated microstructures and properties of Nb-Ti alloys containing Si as one of the main alloying additions, together with other elements such as Cr, Al, Mo and Hf. Alloy systems containing high volume fractions of high-melting intermetallic silicide phase together with the ductile refractory solid-solution phase have been studied in detail in the past. In this paper an overview of the high temperature oxidation resistance of these multiphase alloys will be provided. Calculated phase diagrams were examined with a view to exploring a variety of possible invariant reactions in these systems and the effect of alloying elements on the stability and distribution of silicides, mainly Nb3Si and Nb5Si3 will be illustrated. The effect of microstructural distribution on high temperature oxidation resistance of multiphase alloys will be discussed. In addition, the overall kinetics of the oxidation reaction, the nature of the reaction products and the development of the oxidation products as well as the mechanism of oxidation will be discussed.
Binder-Free V2O5 Cathode for Greener Rechargeable Aluminum Battery (2014)

This letter reports on the investigation of a binder-free cathode material to be used in rechargeable aluminum batteries. This cathode is synthesized by directly depositing V2O5 on a Ni foam current collector. Rechargeable aluminum coin cells fabricated using the as-synthesized binder-free cathode delivered an initial discharge capacity of 239 mAh/g, which is much higher than that of batteries fabricated using a cathode composed of V2O5 nanowires and binder. An obvious discharge voltage plateau appeared at 0.6 V in the discharge curves of the Ni-V2O5 cathode, which is slightly higher than that of the V2O5 nanowire cathodes with common binders. This improvement is attributed to reduced electrochemical polarization.
Immunohistochemical analysis of in vivo patterns of Bcl-X expression. (1994)

The in vivo patterns of bcl-X gene expression were assessed in human and mouse tissues using an immunohistochemical approach. Polyclonal antisera were raised against synthetic peptides corresponding to amino acids 46-66 and 61-79 of the human Bcl-X protein and were shown to be specific for detection of human and mouse Bcl-X-L and Bcl-X-S proteins by immunoblotting. Bcl-X immunoreactivity was detected in a wide variety of cell types and was typically present in the cytosol in a punctate pattern suggestive of association with intracellular organelles. Among the cell types with prominent Bcl-X immunostaining were: (a) a variety of neuronal populations in the brain as well as sensory neurons in dorsal root ganglia; (b) cortical (but not medullary) thymocytes and activated lymphocytes and plasma cells in lymph nodes; (c) several types of cells in the bone marrow, including megakaryocytes, red cell precursors, and some types of differentiating myeloid cells; (d) reproductive tissues, including the spermatocytes and spermatids in the testes and germinal epithelium of the ovary; and (e) a variety of epithelial cells including mammary epithelium, the secretory epithelial and basal cells of the prostate, uterine endometrium, gastric and intestinal epithelial cells, renal tubule epithelium, and differentiated keratinocytes in the upper layers of the epidermis but not in the basal cells. In many cases, these patterns of Bcl-X expression were strikingly different from those reported previously for Bcl-2, suggesting that Bcl-X and Bcl-2 regulate cell life and death at different stages of cell differentiation through tissue-specific control of their expression.
Surface UP-SR for an improved face recognition using low resolution depth cameras (2014)

We address the limitation of low resolution depth cameras in the context of face recognition. Considering a face as a surface in 3-D, we reformulate the recently proposed Upsampling for Precise Super-Resolution algorithm as a new approach on three dimensional points. This reformulation allows an efficient implementation, and leads to a largely enhanced 3-D face reconstruction. Moreover, combined with a dedicated face detection and representation pipeline, the proposed method provides an improved face recognition system using low resolution depth cameras. We show experimentally that this system increases the face recognition rate as compared to directly using the low resolution raw data. <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup>
A Note on the Multiplicity of Poles in the Vector Fitting Macromodeling Method (2007)

Vector fitting is a robust macromodeling tool for rational approximation of spectral data obtained by full-wave electromagnetic simulators or high-frequency measurements. The technique iteratively calculates a suitable set of poles, and solves the residues of the transfer function in a two-step procedure. If poles with a higher order multiplicity occur during the pole-identification step, numerical problems and inaccuracies can result, especially if the normal equations are solved. This problem is illustrated on an RLC filter, and a generalization of the basis functions is proposed to resolve the issue
Band Gaps of the Lead-Free Halide Double Perovskites Cs2BiAgCl6 and Cs2BiAgBr6 from Theory and Experiment (2016)

The recent discovery of lead-free halide double perovskites with band gaps in the visible represents an important step forward in the design of environmentally friendly perovskite solar cells. Within this new family of semiconductors, Cs2BiAgCl6 and Cs2BiAgBr6 are stable compounds crystallizing in the elpasolite structure. Following the recent computational discovery and experimental synthesis of these compounds, a detailed investigation of their electronic properties is warranted in order to establish their potential as optoelectronic materials. In this work, we perform many-body perturbation theory calculations and obtain high accuracy band gaps for both compounds. In addition, we report on the synthesis of Cs2BiAgBr6 single crystals, which are stable in ambient conditions. From our complementary theoretical and experimental analysis, we are able to assign the indirect character of the band gaps and obtain both experimental and theoretical band gaps of these novel semiconductors that are in close agreement.
Effect of cocatalyst on the chain microstructure of polyethylene made with CGC‐Ti/MAO/B(C6F5)3 (2004)

Abstract This investigation studied the solution polymerization of ethylene in Isopar E in a semibatch reactor using CGC‐Ti as catalyst and methylalumoxane (MAO) and tris(pentaflourophenyl)borane [B(C 6 F 5 ) 3 ] as cocatalysts. The effects of cocatalyst type and amount on the chain microstructure were investigated. 13 C NMR and gel permeation chromatography were used to determine the long‐chain branching (LCB) content and molecular weight distribution (MWD), respectively, of the samples. It was observed that higher concentrations of MAO increased the LCB content and decreased the molecular weight of the polymer. On the other hand, increasing the amount of B(C 6 F 5 ) 3 lowered the LCB content, increased the molecular weight, and broadened MWD significantly. We believe that this approach can be used as an efficient way to control the microstructure of polyolefins made with these catalytic systems. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 3055–3061, 2004
[A programme for boosting medical research in North Norway, 1992-2001]. (2005)

We conclude that the programme has had positive effects beyond the generation of new knowledge.
Evaluation of a Novel Single-Use Flexible Ureteroscope (2016)

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> A novel single-use flexible ureteroscope promises the optical characteristics and maneuverability of a reusable fourth-generation flexible ureteroscope. In this study, the LithoVue Single-Use Digital flexible ureteroscope was directly compared with contemporary reusable flexible ureteroscopes, with regard to optics, deflection, and irrigation flow. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Three flexible ureteroscopes such as the LithoVue (Single Use; Boston Scientific), Flex-Xc (Karl Storz, Germany), and Cobra (Richard Wolf, Germany) were assessed <i>in vitro</i> for image resolution, distortion, color representation, grayscale imaging, field of view, and depth of field. Ureteroscope deflection was tested with an empty channel followed by placement of a 200 μm laser fiber and a 1.9F wire basket, a 2.0F nanoelectric pulse lithotripsy (NPL) probe, and a 2.4F NPL probe. Ureteroscope irrigation flow was measured using normal saline at 100 cm, with an empty channel followed by a 200 μm laser fiber, a 1.9F wire basket and a 2.0F NPL probe. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The LithoVue showed the largest field of view, with excellent resolution, image distortion, and depth of field. No substantial difference was demonstrated in color reproducibility or in the discernment of grayscales between ureteroscopes. The LithoVue maintained full deflection ability with all instruments in the working channel, although the Flex-Xc and Cobra ureteroscopes showed loss of deflection ranging from 2° to 27°, depending on the instrument placed. With an empty channel, the LithoVue showed an absolute flow rate similar to the Flex-Xc ureteroscope (<i>p</i> = 0.003). It maintained better flow with instruments in the channel than the Flex-Xc ureteroscope. The Cobra ureteroscope has a separate 3.3F instrument channel, keeping flow rates the same with instrument insertion. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The LithoVue Single-Use Digital ureteroscope has comparable optical capabilities, deflection, and flow, making it a viable alternative to standard reusable fourth-generation flexible digital and fiberoptic ureteroscopes.
Novel Multiwavelength Mode-Locked Semiconductor Lasers Physics and Applications (2000)

We develop and study the physics of a novel hybrid wavelength-division-multiplexed, optical timedivision-multiplexed (WDM-OTDM) mode-locked semiconductor laser for applications in ultra-high data rate communication links, computer interconnects, and optical sampling applications. The key philosophy behind using a hybrid approach is that state-of-the-art system performance can be achieved without the necessity of operating at the limits of a either a pure WDM or OTDM technology platform.
Abstract 5349: Vesicular stomatitis virus oncolysis is potentiated by impairing mTORC1-dependent type-I IFN production (2010)

Abstract Oncolytic viruses constitute a promising therapy against malignant gliomas (MGs). However, virus-induced type-I interferon (IFN) greatly limits its clinical application. The kinase mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) stimulates type-I IFN production via phosphorylation of its effector proteins, 4E-BPs and S6Ks. Here we show that both mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and mice lacking S6K1 and S6K2, are susceptible to Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV) infection due to an impaired type-I interferon response. We used this knowledge to employ a pharmacoviral approach to treat MGs. The highly specific inhibitor of mTOR, rapamycin, in combination with an IFN-sensitive VSV-mutant strain (VSVΔM51), dramatically increased the survival of immunocompetent rats bearing MGs. More importantly, VSVΔM51 selectively killed tumor, but not normal cells, in MG-bearing rats, which were treated with rapamycin. These results demonstrate that reducing type-I IFNs through inhibition of mTOR is an effective strategy to augment the therapeutic activity of VSVΔM51. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5349.
Local Modification of Speed of Sound in Lithium Alumino-Silicate Glass/Ceramic Material by Pulsed Laser Irradiation and Thermal Processing (2013)

Glass and glass/ceramics are now used in modern devices with increasing frequency. A list of the notable material properties commonly will not include a capability to guide ultrasonic waves. The photosensitive glass ceramics (PSGCs), an old invention with recent technological rebirth, may enable this capability. The speed of sound (SoS) has been measured at an ultrasonic frequency (75 MHz) in a commercially available PSGC material. The measurements are made using a pulse echo time-of-flight (TOF) technique as a function of UV laser exposure and thermal processing. The measured increase in the SoS correlates with the density of crystalline matter present, which can be metered by controlling the exposure dose. For the Li2SiO3 crystalline phase, the results show the shear (transverse) wave mode velocity can be increased by 4.8% relative to an unexposed area where no crystalline matter exists. The maximum change in velocity for the longitudinal (compressional) wave mode is only 2%. However, by altering the thermal processing protocols to grow the high temperature Li2Si2O5 crystalline phase, the measured change in the SoS increases to 11% and 9%, respectively. These results permit the volumetric patterning of delay lines by laser direct write techniques for generating complex profile ultrasonic wave patterns. Moreover, by patterned 3D shaping (i.e., photostructuring), ultrasound energy can be harnessed and utilized to advantage.
Microbial metabolic exchange in 3D (2013)

Mono- and multispecies microbial populations alter the chemistry of their surrounding environments during colony development thereby influencing multicellular behavior and interspecies interactions of neighboring microbes. Here we present a methodology that enables the creation of three-dimensional (3D) models of a microbial chemotype that can be correlated to the colony phenotype through multimodal imaging analysis. These models are generated by performing matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) on serial cross-sections of microbial colonies grown on 8 mm deep agar, registering data sets of each serial section in MATLAB to create a model, and then superimposing the model with a photograph of the colonies themselves. As proof-of-principle, 3D models were used to visualize metabolic exchange during microbial interactions between Bacillus subtilis and Streptomyces coelicolor, as well as, Candida albicans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The resulting models were able to capture the depth profile of secreted metabolites within the agar medium and revealed properties of certain mass signals that were previously not observable using two-dimensional MALDI-TOF IMS. Most significantly, the 3D models were capable of mapping previously unobserved chemical distributions within the array of sub-surface hyphae of C. albicans and how this chemistry is altered by the presence of P. aeruginosa, an opportunistic pathogen known to alter virulence of C. albicans. It was determined that the presence of C. albicans triggered increased rhamnolipid production by P. aeruginosa, which in turn was capable of inhibiting embedded hyphal growth produced beneath the C. albicans colony at ambient temperature.