gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PD-L1 and tumor-associated macrophages in de novo DLBCL (2019)

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and its receptor, programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), are important negative regulators of immune cell activation. Therapeutically targeting PD-1/PD-L1 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients with a single agent has limited activity, meriting a deeper understanding of this complex biology and of available PD-L1 clinical assays. In this study, we leveraged 2 large de novo DLBCL phase 3 trials (GOYA and MAIN) to better understand the biologic and clinical relevance of PD-L1 in de novo DLBCL. PD-L1 was expressed on myeloid cells in 85% to 95% of DLBCL patients (depending on staining procedure), compared with 10% on tumor cells, and correlated with macrophage gene expression. PD-L1 did not identify high-risk patients in de novo DLBCL; it correlated with <i>STAT3</i>, macrophage gene expression, and improved outcomes among a subset of patients. These results may help identify immunologically distinct DLBCL subsets relevant for checkpoint blockade. GOYA and MAIN trials were registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01287741 and #NCT00486759, respectively.
Controlled SOFC Anode Porosity Using Aligned Sacrificial Fibers (2016)

Solid oxide fuel cell anode supports serve a multipurpose role. This layer must be both the mechanical backbone of the cell and an active electrode. While high porosity is desired to maximize reaction sites, it negatively impacts strength. Therefore, efforts should be made to design anode microstructure for high strength while maintaining electrochemical performance. Currently, solid oxide fuel cell anodes are fabricated such that there is little control over the final microstructure. A new technique for creating porous anode support layers in solid oxide fuel cells was developed. Using sacrificial, high aspect ratio pore formers, anode support layers with non-random porosity networks were created utilizing dielectrophoresis. Variation in applied voltage and frequency during dielectrophoretic treatment allowed control over the resulting structure. Microstructure analysis and electrochemical testing of novel anode support layers was performed and compared to results of standard SOFC designs.
Dental therapeutic practice patterns in the U.S. I. Anesthesia and sedation. (2006)

For this first of a two-part article, anesthetic treatment modalities and specific drugs administered for third molar extractions were assessed to determine current office-based therapeutic practices. Questionnaires were mailed to a random national sample of 850 practicing oral surgeons. Survey design and pilot testing was conducted to assure clarity of questions and usefulness of responses. To maximize the response rate, two follow-up letters were sent to non-responders after the initial mailing. Completed questionnaires were returned by 563 practitioners (66.2% response rate). Practicing oral and maxillofacial surgeons were estimated to have performed an average of 52.7 third molar extraction surgery cases per month, using either general anesthesia (46.3%), intravenous conscious sedation (33.4%), nitrous oxide sedation (5.8%), oral sedation (1.7%), or local anesthesia alone (12.9%). For intravenous conscious sedation, a three-drug technique using midazolam, fentanyl, and propofol was reported most commonly. The most frequently selected local anesthetic formulations were 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine for surgical anesthesia and 0.5% bupivacaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine for postoperative pain management.
Single-Site Catalysis of F1-ATPase from Thennophilic Bacterium PS3 and Its Dominance in Steady-State Catalysis at Low ATP Concentration1 (1987)

Single-site catalysis by F1-ATPase from a thermophilic bacterium PS3 (TF1) was examined by incubating the enzyme with a submolar amount of radioactive ATP. The profile of single-site catalysis by TF1 at 23 degrees C was different from that of beef heart mitochondrial F1-ATPase (MF1). ATP hydrolysis on the enzyme and release of the products was rapid, and subsequent addition of non-radioactive ATP (cold chase) did not promote the hydrolysis of radioactive ATP, indicating that the rate-limiting step was not the step of product release but the step of ATP binding to the enzyme. Thus, the characteristic features of so-called uni-site catalysis were not observed. At 60 degrees C, whether in the presence or absence of phosphate ion, a small amount of bound [alpha, gamma-32P]ATP and cold chase promotion were observed. However, since bound 32P1 was not detected by centrifugal gel filtration, it is not yet certain whether TF1 has typical uni-site characteristics. Based on the hydrolytic turnover rate for single-site catalysis and analysis of the kinetics of steady-state catalysis, it is proposed that single-site catalysis is dominant even in steady-state catalysis at ATP concentrations of less than about 20 microM.
Comparison of outcome in erythroleukemia patients treated with standard chemotherapy regimens or hypomethylating agents. (2011)

6630 Background: Erythroleukemia is a rare form of acute leukemia often accompanied by unfavorable cytogenetics. Traditionally treated with a standard cytarabine–based induction regimen, median survival is poor (~8 months). Due to its rarity few studies have outcomes with alternate treatments. Hypomethylating drugs had demonstrated clinical activity in patients with poor risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) with improved overall survival compared to best supportive care. Methods: Retrospective review from 33 patients with erythroleukemia treated with either hypomethylating agents (at three different institutions: MD Anderson Cancer Center, Moffitt Cancer Center and Roswell Park Cancer Institute since November 2002) and comparison with standard of care. Results: The median age was 67 years (range, 38-84), 9 (27%) were females. Treatment was with azacytidine (AZA) in 12 (36%) and with decitabine (DAC) in 9 (27%) of the cases. 12 patients received therapy with cytarabine-based chemotherapy agents as induction. Cytogenetic analysis included diploid in 9, complex abnormalities in 19 and intermediate risk in 5. FLT3 mutations were absent in all 16 patients tested. Fourteen (67%) of the 21 patients treated with hypomethylating agents achieved a complete remission (CR) whereas five (42%) patients treated with induction chemotherapy; this was accompanied by complete cytogenetic remission in 14 of 16 evaluable patients. The median number of cycles to achieve CR was 3 (range, 2 to 4). After a median follow up of 8 months (range,1-58) the median overall survival time was 15.4 months (95%CI: 7.1 to 24.8) in those who receive hypomethylating agents versus 10 months (95%CI: 1.6 to 15.4) in those who did not (P=0.0322). Conclusions: These results suggest that hypomethylating agents are highly active in patients with acute erythroleukemia and may extend survival compared to standard induction chemotherapy regimens. Benefit from high intensity therapy is limited, suggesting biological overlap with MDS.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Tumor-Specific Isoform Switch of the Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 Underlies the Mesenchymal and Malignant Phenotypes of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinomas (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 318K, Validation of FGFR2-IIIc isoform switch in ccRCC tumor samples and cell lines by PCR sequencing&lt;/p&gt;
On the Kendrick Mass Defect Plots of Multiply Charged Polymer Ions: Splits, Misalignments, and How to Correct Them (2018)

The Kendrick mass defect (KMD) analysis of multiply charged polymeric distributions has recently revealed a surprising isotopic split in their KMD plots-namely a 1/z difference between KMDs of isotopes of an oligomer at charge state z. Relying on the KMD analysis of actual and simulated distributions of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), the isotopic split is mathematically accounted for and found to go with an isotopic misalignment in certain cases. It is demonstrated that the divisibility (resp. indivisibility) of the nominal mass of the repeating unit (R) by z is the condition for homolog ions to line up horizontally (resp. misaligned obliquely) in a KMD plot. Computing KMDs using a fractional base unit R/z eventually corrects the misalignments for the associated charge state while using the least common multiple of all the charge states as the divisor realigns all the points at once. The isotopic split itself can be removed by using either a new charge-dependent KMD plot compatible with any fractional base unit or the remainders of KM (RKM) recently developed for low-resolution data all found to be linked in a unified theory. These original applications of the fractional base units and the RKM plots are of importance theoretically to satisfy the basics of a mass defect analysis and practically for a correct data handling of single stage and tandem mass spectra of multiply charged homo- and copolymers. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
Robust non-coherent timing acquisition in IEEE 802.15.4a IR-UWB networks (2009)

Non-coherent energy-detection receivers are an attractive choice for IEEE 802.15.4a networks. They can exploit the ranging capabilities and the multipath resistance of impulse-radio ultra-wide band (IR-UWB) at a low complexity. However, IEEE 802.15.4a receivers operate with interference created by uncontrolled piconets and an uncoordinated medium access control layer. The performance of an energy-detection IR-UWB receiver is greatly degraded in such scenarios, for both timing acquisition and decoding. In this paper, we focus on timing acquisition: we present PICNIC, a robust and low-complexity algorithm that allows for reliable timing acquisition with an IR-UWB energy-detection receiver in the presence of multiuser interference (MUI), even in near-far scenarios. At the cost of a negligible performance reduction in single-user scenarios, PICNIC outperforms classic timing acquisition algorithms by up to two orders of magnitude if MUI is present. Furthermore, PICNIC exhibits a near perfect capture property: if several transmitters compete for timing acquisition at the receiver, one signal will be acquired with practically no false detection.
The localization of the HRX/ALL1 protein to specific nuclear subdomains is altered by fusion with its eps15 translocation partner. (1997)

Translocations involving the HRX/ALL1 locus at chromosomal region 11q23 are among the most frequent cytogenetic abnormalities in acute leukemias. 11q23 translocations involve different chromosome partners and lead to the formation of HRX/ALL1 fusion proteins. The HRX/ALL1 protein is a putative transcription factor that has been implicated in developmental regulation in mammals. We report here the cellular localization of the HRX/ALL1 protein as well as that of the HRX/ALL1-eps15 fusion protein, the result of the t(1;11) (p32-q23) translocation of acute myeloid leukemias. The HRX/ALL1 protein was localized to both the cytoplasm and the nucleus. The nuclear pattern was characterized by diffuse staining, perinuclear accumulation, and localization within nuclear bodies of variable size, morphology, and number. The HRX/ALL1-eps15 localized exclusively to the nucleus within bodies that were smaller and more numerous than the HRX/ALL1 nuclear bodies. HRX/ALL1 fusion with an unknown partner in leukemia blasts with 11q23 abnormalities had similar morphological features. Thus, the fusion with eps15 alters the cellular compartmentalization of HRX/ALL1, providing a putative mechanism for activation of HRX/ALL1 by 11q23 abnormalities.
Incorporation of Labeled Precursors into Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA of Cells Grown in Culture (1972)

Incorporation of labeled precursor into nuclear and mitochondrial DNA of cells grown in culture has been studied. The patterns of labeling of the nuclear and mitochondrial DNA are different, in that after change of medium, and addition of precursor, the specific activity of the nuclear DNA steadily increases, while the specific activity of the mitochondrial DNA increases and then decreases. Pulse-labeling experiments show that the rate of incorporation of precursor decreases with time. However, the decline in specific activity with time after addition of medium and precursor, cannot be attributed to degradation of newly formed DNA, which was shown to be stable in the presence of actinomycin D.
Investigation on composite polymer and silica fume rubber aggregate pervious concrete (2017)

Many researchers are trying to obtain a pervious concrete with better physical and mechanical properties to be used in pavement. To achieve the optimized pervious concrete, different researchers have been using different materials, especially those waste materials which are existing worldwide, specifically in the compactly populated areas. Discarded tires are among them and rubber tire particles are being currently used to be considered as recycled waste materials. In this paper a combination of polymer, silica fume and rubber aggregate from rubber tire particles were used to obtain an optimized pervious concrete. The produced concrete's properties were studied.
On Sound Radiation from Ported Enclosures (2001)

Assumptions made in the lumped-parameter model for ported enclosures are shown to limit the accuracy of these models. The effect of these assumptions on the real room response is discussed.
Advances in the Performance of Inverted Metamorphic Multi-Junction Solar Cells (2012)

Inverted metamorphic multi-junction (IMM) solar cells have achieved the highest efficiency for space applications (NASA confirmed 33.9% for 1 sun, AM0), and nearly the highest efficiency for terrestrial high concentration applications (NREL confirmed 42.4% for 325x, ASTM G173 direct). Achieving higher efficiencies for space applications is mission enabling, allowing for larger payloads for the same sized solar arrays. Higher efficiency is the primary driver for cost reduction for power generation in terrestrial concentrator systems. The IMM approach allows for the addition of metamorphic junctions creating a device with a more optimal match to the incoming spectrum, thereby increasing conversion efficiency. The required removal of the growth substrate during processing allows for very thin devices. The thin devices have very high specific power, useful for space applications, and if attached to a heat sink have a reduced temperature operation in terrestrial concentrator applications. We report on the latest IMM cell developments, performance, and packaging.
Editorial: Smoldering Inflammation in Cardio-Immune-Metabolic Disorders (2021)

If many remedies are prescribed for an illness, you may be certain that the illness has no cure." Anton Chekhov -The Cherry Orchard -
GaAs/AlGaAs Optical Interconnection Chip for Neural Network (1989)

An optical synaptic interconnection device has been fabricated using GaAs/AlGaAs technology. It consists of a light-emitting diode array, an interconnection matrix and a photodiode array, which are integrated in a hybrid-layered structure on a GaAs substrate. The LED array and PD array with good uniformity have been fabricated by molecular beame pitaxy (MBE). An multiple quantum well (MQW) active layer and Bragg reflector were employed to obtain high efficiency of the LED. The fabricated device was used to simulate a neural network system with 32 neurons. The associative memory was successfully implemented.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Contracted and Expanded Porphyrins with meso‐CF3 Groups (2017)

Abstract Corrole and sapphyrin with the smallest meso ‐substituents reported so far were prepared in a one‐pot synthesis that relies on a non‐aldehydic precursor for introducing CF 3 groups. The substantial amounts of products obtained by this facile pathway allowed for the full characterization of 5,10,15‐tris(trifluoromethyl)corrole, the access to a variety of stable chelates thereof and investigations that disclose the unique structural and chemical properties induced by the CF 3 substituents. The novel 5,10,15,20‐tetra(trifluoromethyl)sapphyrin undergoes only single protonation, which according to its crystal structure is stabilized by favorable non‐bonding F/H interaction between the meso ‐CF 3 and the inverted pyrrolic NH.
Parallel implementation of vision algorithms on workstation clusters (2002)

Parallel implementations of two computer vision algorithms on distributed cluster platforms are described. The first algorithm is a square-error data clustering method whose parallel implementation is based on the well-known sequential CLUSTER program. The second algorithm is a motion parameter estimation algorithm used to determine correspondence between two images taken of the same scene. Both algorithms have been implemented and tested on cluster platforms using the PVM package. Performance measurements demonstrate that it is possible to attain good performance in terms of execution time and speedup for large-scale problems, provided that adequate memory; swap space, and I/O capacity are available at each node.
PhishDef: URL names say it all (2011)

Phishing is an increasingly sophisticated method to steal personal user information using sites that pretend to be legitimate. In this paper, we take the following steps to identify phishing URLs. First, we carefully select lexical features of the URLs that are resistant to obfuscation techniques used by attackers. Second, we evaluate the classification accuracy when using only lexical features, both automatically and hand-selected, vs. when using additional features. We show that lexical features are sufficient for all practical purposes. Third, we thoroughly compare several classification algorithms, and we propose to use an online method (AROW) that is able to overcome noisy training data. Based on the insights gained from our analysis, we propose PhishDef, a phishing detection system that uses only URL names and combines the above three elements. PhishDef is a highly accurate method (when compared to state-of-the-art approaches over real datasets), lightweight (thus appropriate for online and client-side deployment), proactive (based on online classification rather than blacklists), and resilient to training data inaccuracies (thus enabling the use of large noisy training data).
Thermal Power Density Barriers of Converter Systems (2008)

With the desire to integrate power converters into larger systems, high power density became a very important issue. In this paper we discuss the thermal limits of the power density of converter systems. It is shown that these limits are partly given by today's technology and partly given by physics. Employing the given equations, one can quickly estimate the maximum possible power density of a converter design. Considering the limitations discussed in the paper will be helpful in setting up roadmaps related to future trends in converter power density.
Quantitative nano-mechanical mapping AFM-based method for elastic modulus and surface roughness measurements of model polymer infiltrated ceramics (2022)

CAD/CAM resin composite blocks exhibited higher gloss and lower roughness values compared to PICN materials. However, both the commercial and model PICN materials showed more stiffness than resin composite with the presence of at least two different phases. Sintering temperature appears to have a significant effect on material topography and nanomechanical properties. The model PICN sintered at 1550 °C showed a comparable range of elastic modulus values to those of enamel.
Nanoparticulate Cellular Patches for Cell-Mediated Tumoritropic Delivery (2016)

The targeted delivery of therapeutics to tumors remains an important challenge in cancer nanomedicine. Attaching nanoparticles to cells that have tumoritropic migratory properties is a promising modality to address this challenge. Here we describe a technique to create nanoparticulate cellular patches that remain attached to the membrane of cells for up to 2 days. NeutrAvidin-coated nanoparticles were anchored on cells possessing biotinylated plasma membrane. Human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells with nanoparticulate patches retained their inherent tumoritropic properties as shown using a tumor model in a 3D extracellular matrix. Additionally, human umbilical vein endothelial cells with nanoparticulate patches were able to retain their functional properties and form multicellular structures as rapidly as unmodified endothelial cells. These results provide a novel strategy to actively deliver nanostructures and therapeutics to tumors utilizing stem cells as carriers and also suggest that nanoparticulate cellular patches may have applications in tissue regeneration.
Assessment of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET Accuracy in Localizing Recurrent Prostate Cancer (2019)

ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT02940262 and NCT03353740.
Very Small Metallic and Bimetallic Clusters: The Metal Cluster-Metal Surface Analogy in Catalysis and Chemisorption Processes (1977)

Abstract Why very small metal clusters? From a practical standpoint, industry often wants its metallic catalysts in a finely divided form so as to maximize the surface area available for a given mass of metal. Obviously, stability toward agglomeration and reactant accessibility are also necessary prerequisites for the successful performance of highly dispersed metal particle catalysts. Solid supported catalysts usually achieve this end. Moreover, such catalysts offer the advantage of convenient handling in a process system; however, technical metallic catalysts are usually ill defined and poorly understood, and better defined systems are necessary for fundamental experimental work.
High efficiency linear power supply with a preregulator controlled by keeping constant R/sub DS/ of MOSFET (2003)

In Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (SRRC) more than ninety linear power supplies with 100 ppm long-term stability are served for correction magnets. To increase the well-known efficiency problem of linear power supply, inside a customer-made bipolar linear power supply a homemade pre-regulator circuitry is in series in front of power stage. By using constant V/sub DS/ controlled pre-regulator, the power consumption of linear power supply itself could be reduced and the efficiency changes with respect to the output power. On the other hand, with constant R/sub DS/ controlled pre-regulator, the efficiency is even higher and is the ratio of load resistance and R/sub DS/. Design and performance of the pre-regulator circuitry are demonstrated.
TGF-β Suppresses β-Catenin-Dependent Tolerogenic Activation Program in Dendritic Cells (2011)

The mechanisms that underlie the critical dendritic cell (DC) function in maintainance of peripheral immune tolerance are incompletely understood, although the β-catenin signaling pathway is critical for this role. The molecular details by which β-catenin signaling is regulated in DCs are unknown. Mechanical disruption of murine bone marrow-derived DC (BMDC) clusters activates DCs while maintaining their tolerogenic potential and this activation is associated with β-catenin signaling, providing a useful model with which to explore tolerance-associated β-catenin signaling in DCs. In this report, we demonstrate novel molecular features of the signaling events that control DC activation in response to mechanical stimulation. Non-canonical β-catenin signaling is an essential component of this tolerogenic activation and is modulated by adhesion molecules, including integrins. This unique β-catenin-dependent signaling pathway is constitutively active at low levels, suggesting that mechanical stimulation is not necessarily required for induction of this unique activation program. We additionally find that the immunomodulatory cytokine TGF-β antagonizes β-catenin in DCs, thereby selectively suppressing signaling associated with tolerogenic DC activation while having no impact on LPS-induced, β-catenin-independent immunogenic activation. These findings provide new molecular insight into the regulation of a critical signaling pathway for DC function in peripheral immune tolerance.