gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Balloon Dilation and Stent Placement for Esophageal Lesions: Indications, Methods, (2003)

Esophageal balloon dilation and expandable stent placement are safe, minimally invasive, effective treatments for esophageal strictures and fistulas. These procedures have brought the management of dysphagia due to esophageal strictures into the field of interventional radiology. Esophageal dilation is usually indicated for benign stenoses and is technically successful in more than 90% of cases. Most patients with esophageal carcinoma are not candidates for resection; thus, the main focus of treatment is palliation of malignant dysphagia and esophagorespiratory fistulas. Esophageal stent placement, which is approved only for malignant strictures, is one of the main therapeutic options in affected patients and relieves dysphagia in approximately 90% of cases. Dedicated commercially available devices continue to evolve, each with its own advantages and limitations. Stent placement is subject to technical pitfalls, and adverse events occur following esophageal procedures in a minority of cases. Although chest pain is common and selflimited, reflux esophagitis, stent migration, tracheal compression, and esophageal perforation and obstruction require specific interventions. In many cases, these complications can be recognized and treated by the interventional radiologist with minimally invasive techniques. © RSNA, 2003
Approaching TW-peak powers at >10kHz repetition rate by multi-dimensional coherent combining of femtosecond fiber lasers (2014)

Novel laser applications such as laser-wake-field acceleration of particles require extreme parameters from ultra-short-pulse systems. We propose a concept capable to realize simultaneously multi-TW peak powers and multi-kW average powers by employing spatially and temporally separated amplification of chirped laser pulses delivered by fiber-amplifiers. As a combining element for the temporally 100 ns separated pulses (10 MHz repetition rate) we suggest a non-steady-state enhancement cavity using a fast switching-element to dump out the enhanced pulses at 15 kHz.
Polymer Nanocomposites As Future Materials For Defense & Energy Applications-High Energy Density Storage Systems With Reduced Size And Weight For Pulse Power Applications (2011)

Abstract : The objective of our research is to combine high dielectric constant platelet materials and high breakdown voltage polymers to yield polymer-platelet composites with an improved overall dielectric-constant / breakdown-voltage combination. These polymer nanocomposite dielectric materials will be used to prepare high-energy storage capacitors useful for pulse power applications. The approach we have taken is to synthesize high permittivity inorganic platelet materials, covalently functionalize the platelet surfaces with organic groups, and prepare polymer nanocomposites incorporating these materials.
Advanced Sodium Guide Star Technology Development (2006)

Laser guided adaptive optics significantly improve ground-based telescope resolution. We are developing a pulsed, 589nm laser system for this application by sum-frequency mixing 1583nm Er/Yb:doped and 938nm Nd:silica fiber lasers in a periodically poled crystal.
Noise figure reduction by port decoupling for dual circular polarised microstrip antenna (2014)

A planar dual circular polarised (CP) feed is highly desirable for dish‐type satellite communication terminals, but isolation between ports is typically poorer for CP microstrip antennas than for linearly polarised elements. Mutual coupling between the output ports of a dual CP planar feed can affect the equivalent noise temperature of the satellite ground terminal receiver. A port decoupling network is designed for a single‐layer dual CP microstrip antenna to increase the isolation to &gt;20 dB between the antenna ports while maintaining CP quality. The effect of decoupling for the single‐layer dual CP feed on the performance of a high sensitivity dual polarised receiver for satellite communication applications is analysed.
Implementing observer-based design methodology for deadbeat-direct torque and flux control with back-EMF self-sensing using rapid control prototyping (2017)

This paper aims to present a model-based design implementation of deadbeat-direct torque and flux control (DB-DTFC) with back-EMF self-sensing for a SPMSM using rapid control prototyping (RCP) in a real-time control environment. Current and flux observers are key technologies for achieving DB-DTFC. However, the implementation of DB-DTFC using RCP tools can lead to an incorrect execution sequence and deteriorated performance. Simulation analyses identify the implementation issues in the observer-based models, and experimental results document the outcomes. The RCP-oriented observer modeling methods that yield a correct implementation and proper performance of DB-DTFC with back-EMF self-sensing are developed and evaluated using RCP auto-code generation.
Redocumentation for the maintenance of software (1992)

Traditionally documentation has been mainly text based and it is considered that this is not always the best format for the analysis and understanding of code for use in software maintenance. A system based upon an interactive hypertext system utilising both text and graphics would be more appropriate. This paper starts by describing software maintenance from the documentation viewpoint. It then lists the requirements for a documentation system which will help overcome these problems. Finally the documents to be produced are discussed.
Band-switching SAW antenna duplexers for US-PCS (2003)

A band-switching SAW antenna duplexer has been studied as one of the candidate of a SAW antenna duplexer for CDMA based PCS in the United states (US-PCS). An antenna duplexer for US-PCS requires filters of very steep characteristic because of the very narrow cross-band width. However, it seemed difficult to develop a full band SAW duplexer consisting of normal ladder-type filters using a 36/spl deg/Y-cut LT substrate. Therefore, we proposed the band switching SAW duplexer for US-PCS. This duplexer consists of two duplexers: one for the lower 35 MHz band and the other for the upper 25 MHz band. These two duplexers were packed in a 9/spl times/7/spl times/1.5 mm/sup 3/ ceramic package, and switch circuits were formed on a circuit board. In addition, we used 4-layered AlMgCu/Ti/AlMgCu/Ti electrodes to deliver power durability. This duplexer satisfies required specifications for US-PCS and results indicate that it is one solution to developing a PCS duplexer with SAW filters.
Drop impacts on electrospun nanofiber membranes (2013)

This work reports a systematic study of drop impacts of polar and non-polar liquids onto\ndifferent electrospun nanofiber membranes (of 8-10 μm thickness and pore sizes of 3-6 μm)\nwith an increasing degree of hydrophobicity. The liquids studied were water, FC 7500\n(Fluorinert fluid) and hexane. The nanofibers used were electrospun from Polyacrylonitrile\n(PAN), Nylon 6/6, Polycaprolactone (PCL) and Teflon. It was found that for any\nliquid/fiber pair there exist a threshold impact velocity (~1.5-3 m/s) above which water penetrates membranes irrespective of their hydrophobicity. The other liquids (FC 7500 and hexane) penetrate the membranes even easier. The low surface tension liquid, FC 7500, left the rear side of sufficiently thin membranes as a millipede-like system of tiny jets protruding through a number of pores. For such high surface tension liquid as water, jets immediately merged into a single bigger jet, which formed secondary spherical drops due to capillary instability. No mechanical damage to the nanofiber mats after liquid perforation was observed. A theoretical estimate of the critical membrane thickness sufficient for complete viscous dissipation of the kinetic energy of penetrating liquid is given and corroborated by the experimental data.
High pressure study of Ti4AlN3 to 55 GPa (2005)

Using a synchrotron radiation source and a diamond anvil cell, we measured the pressure dependence of the lattice parameters of a polycrystalline Ti4AlN3 sample up to a pressure of 55 GPa. No phase transformations were observed. As observed in Ti3SiC2,Ti3Si0.5Ge0.5C2, and Zr2InC, the compressibility of Ti4AlN3 along the c axis was larger than along the a axis which leads to a decrease in the c∕a ratio with increasing pressure. The bulk modulus is 216±2GPa, with a pressure derivative of 3.84±0.06.
EVALUATION OF A NEW DOUBLE RING NITINOL DEVICE FOR CLOSURE OF PATENT FORAMEN OVAL IN AN ANIMAL MODEL (2005)

Shape memory devices are effective in the treatment of intracardiac defects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of closure of patent foramen oval (PFO) of a new double ring nitinol device. The device was implanted in 13-kg piglets (n=12). Efficacy of liberation, implantation and adequacy of closure were assessed. The animals were monitored for up to 75 days and an echocardiogram was performed before autopsy. The device was liberated and implanted successfully in all animals. Full closure of the FOP was demonstrated in all animals. One animal died immediately after the procedure and another 1 day after the procedure. Cause of dead does not appear to be device-related. Monitoring period lasted 15 days (n=3), 45 days (n=3) or 75 days (n=4). Echocardiographical examination showed that adequate FOP closure was preserved through the monitoring period in all animals. All autopsies presented proper positioning of the device without obstruction of vital structures, residual defects or atrial thrombus. The older implanted devices presented adequate epitelization of both rings and semidetachment to interatrial septum. The other implanted devices presented adequate epitelization of the right ring, less epitelization of the left ring and less detachment to interatrial septum. The new device presented a very high efficacy of liberation, implantation and adequacy of closure through catheterization in an animal model of FOP.
Designing Composites with Target Effective Young's Modulus using\n Reinforcement Learning (2021)

Advancements in additive manufacturing have enabled design and fabrication of\nmaterials and structures not previously realizable. In particular, the design\nspace of composite materials and structures has vastly expanded, and the\nresulting size and complexity has challenged traditional design methodologies,\nsuch as brute force exploration and one factor at a time (OFAT) exploration, to\nfind optimum or tailored designs. To address this challenge, supervised machine\nlearning approaches have emerged to model the design space using curated\ntraining data; however, the selection of the training data is often determined\nby the user. In this work, we develop and utilize a Reinforcement learning\n(RL)-based framework for the design of composite structures which avoids the\nneed for user-selected training data. For a 5 $\\times$ 5 composite design space\ncomprised of soft and compliant blocks of constituent material, we find that\nusing this approach, the model can be trained using 2.78% of the total design\nspace consists of $2^{25}$ design possibilities. Additionally, the developed\nRL-based framework is capable of finding designs at a success rate exceeding\n90%. The success of this approach motivates future learning frameworks to\nutilize RL for the design of composites and other material systems.\n
Genetic Screen in a Pre-Clinical Model of High-Grade Complex Karyotype Sarcoma Characterizes Drivers of Distinct Sarcoma Subtypes and Identifies New Therapeutic Vulnerabilities (2022)

Abstract High-grade complex karyotype sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of more than seventy tumors that vary in histology, clinical course, and patient demographics. Despite these clear differences, these high-grade sarcomas are treated similarly with a uniformly high metastatic rate. Pre-clinical models that allow for rigorous comparisons of distinct human sarcoma subtypes would advance insights into the relationships between sarcomas and inform therapeutic decisions. We describe the robust transformation of human mesenchymal stem cells into multiple subtypes of high-grade sarcoma. Using a pooled genetic screening approach, we identified key drivers and potential modifiers of transformation. YAP1 and KRAS were validated as drivers of two distinct sarcoma subtypes, undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) and myxofibrosarcoma (MFS), respectively. In addition, the pathology of tumors driven by CDK4 and PIK3CA reflected leiomyosarcoma (LMS) and osteosarcoma (OS) indicating that further iterations of this model could result in additional sarcoma subtypes. Histologically and phenotypically these tumors reflect human sarcomas including the pathognomonic complex karyotype. In addition, CDK4 and PIK3CA driven tumors demonstrated endogenous YAP1 amplification which is seen across a subset of human tumors. While all tumors overlapped transcriptionally with the TCGA sarcoma data, further analysis confirmed that YAP1 and KRAS tumors recapitulate the UPS and MFS subtypes. Co-analysis of TCGA and model tumors support that these sarcoma subtypes lie along a spectrum of disease and adds guidance for further transcriptome-based refinement of sarcoma subtyping. Within complex karyotype sarcomas, there are multiple genetic changes but identifying those that are clinically relevant has been challenging. Comparing differentially expressed genes in YAP1 and KRAS tumors to human UPS and MFS identified the enrichment of oxidative phosphorylation pathways in both YAP1 tumors and UPS. Treatment of a panel of sarcoma cell lines with the combination of an oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor and Hippo pathway inhibitor led to a significant impairment in growth identifying new therapeutic targets. A subset of human UPS tumors showed an even greater enrichment in these pathways indicating this model can be used to identify clinically relevant subtypes. This model can be used to begin to understand pathways and mechanisms driving human sarcoma development, the relationship between sarcoma subtypes and to identify and test new therapeutic vulnerabilities for this aggressive and heterogeneous disease. Statement of Significance We have created the first model to study the development, growth, and metastasis of multiple human sarcoma subtypes. This system can be used as a platform to investigate sarcoma biology and identify new therapeutic targets across a heterogeneous disease.
Supplementary Figure 5 from Nuclear–Cytoplasmic Transport Is a Therapeutic Target in Myelofibrosis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 5&lt;/p&gt;
Regulated kernel for the electric field integral equation (2002)

We provide a theoretical justification for the filtered kernel of Herrmann and Strain (1993), and show how to extend the method to three-dimensional problems. The solution error for the moment method consists of two components: approximation error, or the error incurred by projecting the exact solution into the space spanned by the basis functions, and sampling error due to the aliasing of high order eigenfunctions associated with the singularity of the kernel. For the surface current, the approximation error is dominant. Specular scattering cross-sections of smooth scatterers, on the other hand, are only sensitive to the sampling error. Thus, if spectral content beyond the Nyquist frequency of the mesh is filtered out, the cross section error can in principle be significantly reduced. In addition, the regulated kernel is smooth, and hence can be accurately integrated using lower order quadrature rules, reducing the computational cost of near-neighbor matrix elements, and simplifying the implementation of self-term integrals.
Hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1 (HAPLN1) activates bortezomib-resistant NF-κB activity and increases drug resistance in multiple myeloma (2017)

Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a family of transcription factors that play a key role in cell survival and proliferation in many hematological malignancies, including multiple myeloma (MM). Bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor used in the management of MM, can inhibit both canonical and noncanonical activation of NF-κB in MM cells. However, we previously reported that a significant fraction of freshly isolated MM cells harbor bortezomib-resistant NF-κB activity. Here, we report that hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1 (HAPLN1) is produced in bone marrow stromal cells from MM patients, is detected in patients' bone marrow plasma, and can activate an atypical bortezomib-resistant NF-κB pathway in MM cells. We found that this pathway involves bortezomib-resistant degradation of the inhibitor of NF-κB (IκBα), despite efficient bortezomib-mediated inhibition of proteasome activity. Moreover, HAPLN1 can also confer bortezomib-resistant survival of MM cells. We propose that HAPLN1 is a novel pathogenic factor in MM that induces an atypical NF-κB activation and thereby promotes bortezomib resistance in MM cells.
Synthesis of Au Nanoparticles Assisted by Linker-Modified TiO2 Nanoparticles (2018)

Plasmonic nanoparticles, especially gold ones, have been widely employed as photosensitizers in photoelectrovoltaic or photocatalytic systems. To improve the system's performance, a greater interaction of the nanoparticles with the semiconductor, generally TiO<sub>2</sub>, is desired. Moreover, this performance is enhanced when an efficient covering of TiO<sub>2</sub> surface by the sensitizer is achieved. The Brust-Schiffrin-like methods are of the most employed approaches for nanoparticles synthesis. In a traditional approach, the reduction of the gold precursor is performed in the presence of a stabilizer (typically a thiol molecule) free in solution. A second step in which the obtained nanoparticles are anchored to the semiconductor surface is necessary in the case of photosensitive applications. Drawbacks like steric hindrance turn more difficult the covering of the semiconductor's surface by nanoparticles. In this paper, we report a variation of this methodology, where the linker is previously anchored to the TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles surface. The resulting system is employed as the stabilizer in the gold reduction step. This strategy is carried out in aqueous media in two simple steps. A great covering of the titania surface by gold nanoparticles is achieved in all cases and the gold nanoparticles in the resulting nanoaggregate might be useful for photoelectrovoltaic or photocatalytic applications.
Direct Monitoring of γ‐Glutamyl Transpeptidase Activity In Vivo Using a Hyperpolarized 13C‐Labeled Molecular Probe (2016)

Abstract The γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) enzyme plays a central role in glutathione homeostasis. Direct detection of GGT activity could provide critical information for the diagnosis of several pathologies. We propose a new molecular probe, γ‐Glu‐[1‐ 13 C]Gly, for monitoring GGT activity in vivo by hyperpolarized (HP) 13 C magnetic resonance (MR). The properties of γ‐Glu‐[1‐ 13 C]Gly are suitable for in vivo HP 13 C metabolic analysis since the chemical shift between γ‐Glu‐[1‐ 13 C]Gly and its metabolic product, [1‐ 13 C]Gly, is large (4.3 ppm) and the T 1 of both compounds is relatively long (30 s and 45 s, respectively, in H 2 O at 9.4 T). We also demonstrate that γ‐Glu‐[1‐ 13 C]Gly is highly sensitive to in vivo modulation of GGT activity induced by the inhibitor acivicin.
High performance liquid chromatographic determination of soluble carbohydrates in commercial drinks (1985)

Abstract High performance liquid chromatography was carried out to determine the soluble sugar content in canned soft drinks and commercial fruit juices stored in different types of containers. The total amount of sugars ranged from 9.2 to 13.5 g 100 ml −1 for the soft drinks, 10 to 14 g 100 ml −1 in fruit nectars and 3 g 100 ml −1 in tomato juice. The individual sugar content of soft drinks varied between different batches, although the total amount remained fairly constant for each kind of drink or juice. Only in tomato juice where sucrose was not present, did the values for glucose and fructose remain constant.
Change is hard (2009)

Organizations world-wide are adopting wireless networks at an impressive rate, and a new industry has sprung up to provide tools to manage these networks. Unfortunately, these tools do not integrate cleanly with traditional wired network management tools, leading to unsolved problems and frustration among the IT staff. We explore the problem of unifying wireless and wired network management and show that simple merging of tools and strategies, and/or their trivial extension from one domain to another does not work. Building on previous research on network service dependency extraction, fault diagnosis, and wireless network management, we introduce MnM, an end-to-end network management system that unifies wired and wireless network management. MnM treats the physical location of end devices as a core component of its management strategy. It also dynamically adapts to the frequent topology changes brought about by end-node mobility. We have a prototype deployment in a large organization that shows that MnM's rootcause analysis engine out-performs systems that do not take user mobility into account when localizing faults or attributing blame.
Multi-layered coding of depth for virtual view synthesis (2009)

It is well-known that large depth-coding errors typically occurring around depth edge areas lead to distorted object boundaries in the synthesized texture images. This paper proposes a multi-layered coding approach for depth images as a complement to the popular edge-aware approaches such as those based on platelets. It is shown that guaranteeing a near-lossless bound on the depth values around the edges by adding extra enhancement layers is an effective way to improve the visual quality of the synthesized images.
Realizing Traffic Isolation and QoS Control in OpenStack Tap-as-a-Service (2019)

Capturing and analyzing the actual packets in networks is useful in order to understand the behaviors of a system. Tap-as-a-Service (TaaS), an OpenStack project, has been proposed to enable capturing packets in a virtual network. TaaS, by expanding OpenStack Neutron APIs, provides a functionality that allows users to set up mirroring of the production traffic between virtual machines (VMs) and to transfer the mirrored traffic to the monitoring VM. However, the production traffic and the mirrored traffic affect each other because they share the same physical underlay network in the reference TaaS implementation. This may result in interference of resources. Since capturing packets on the virtual network may affect the performance of business applications running on the VMs, it is impossible to analyze the normal condition. In this paper, we propose two methods to solve this issue: (1) isolation of the production traffic and the mirrored traffic at the underlay network and (2) a quality of service (QoS) control method of mirrored traffic. Using these methods, we can reduce the influence of the mirrored traffic on the performance of the production traffic. Moreover, we also discuss the experimental results. The results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed methods.