gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Excessive Leukotriene B4 in Nucleus Tractus Solitarii Is Prohypertensive in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (2012)

Inflammation within the brain stem microvasculature has been associated with chronic cardiovascular diseases. We found that the expression of several enzymes involved in arachidonic acid-leukotriene B4 (LTB4) production was altered in nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) of spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). LTB4 produced from arachidonic acid by 5-lipoxygenase is a potent chemoattractant of leukocytes. Leukotriene B4-12-hydroxydehydrogenase (LTB4-12-HD), which degrades LTB4, was downregulated in SHR rats compared with that in Wistar-Kyoto rats. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that LTB4-12-HD was reduced by 63% and 58% in the NTS of adult SHR and prehypertensive SHR, respectively, compared with that in age-matched Wistar-Kyoto rats (n=6). 5-lipoxygenase gene expression was upregulated in the NTS of SHR (≈50%; n=6). LTB4 levels were increased in the NTS of the SHR, (17%; n=10, P<0.05). LTB4 receptors BLT1 (but not BLT2) were expressed on astroglia in the NTS but not neurons or vessels. Microinjection of LTB4 into the NTS of Wistar-Kyoto rats increased both leukocyte adherence and arterial pressure for over 4 days (peak: +15 mm Hg; P<0.01). In contrast, blockade of NTS BLT1 receptors lowered blood pressure in the SHR (peak: -13 mm Hg; P<0.05) but not in Wistar-Kyoto rats. Thus, excessive amounts of LTB4 in NTS of SHR, possibly as a result of upregulation of 5-lipoxygenase and downregulation of LTB4-12-HD, can induce inflammation. Because blockade of NTS BLT1 receptors lowered arterial pressure in the SHR, their endogenous activity may contribute to the hypertensive state of this rodent model. Thus, inflammatory reactions in the brain stem are causally associated with neurogenic hypertension.
The effect of crystal phase of Ta barrier on via resistance and reliability performance for Cu line (2014)

It has been reported that the crystal phase of Ta on TaN barrier depends on the underlying TaN thickness. However the investigation of TaN film thickness dependent about via resistance has not been carried out enough. In this study, we have investigated the influences of crystal phase of Ta barrier at the via bottom on via resistance and reliability performances. We found that the via resistance with 5nm-thick TaN under layer show bi-modal distribution. And we estimated that the bi-modal distribution of via resistance indicates the Ta crystal phase at via bottom become one of a-Ta and b-Ta. Also, we represented that the reliability performance is same for both α-Ta and β-Ta. These results indicate the influence of the phase of Ta in only the distribution of via-resistance.
IL2RG, identified as overexpressed by RNA-seq profiling of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia, mediates pancreatic cancer growth (2017)

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma evolves from precursor lesions, the most common of which is pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN). We performed RNA-sequencing analysis of laser capture microdissected PanINs and normal pancreatic duct cells to identify differentially expressed genes between PanINs and normal pancreatic duct, and between low-grade and high-grade PanINs. One of the most highly overexpressed transcripts identified in PanIN is interleukin-2 receptor subunit gamma (<i>IL2RG</i>) encoding the common gamma chain, IL2Rγ. CRISPR-mediated knockout of <i>IL2RG</i> in orthotopically implanted pancreatic cancer cells resulted in attenuated tumor growth in mice and reduced JAK3 expression in orthotopic tumors. These results indicate that IL2Rγ/JAK3 signaling contributes to pancreatic cancer cell growth <i>in vivo</i>.
The SPT10 and SPT21 genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1994)

Mutations in the SPT10 and SPT21 genes were originally isolated as suppressors of Ty and LTR (delta) insertion mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the genes were shown to be required for normal transcription at a number of loci in yeast. Now we have cloned, sequenced, mapped and mutagenized SPT10 and SPT21. Since the spt10 mutation used to clone SPT10 resulted in very poor transformation efficiency, a novel method making use of the kar1-1 mutation was used. Neither SPT gene is essential for growth, and constructed null alleles cause phenotypes similar to those caused by spontaneous mutations in the genes. spt10 null alleles are strong suppressor mutations and cause extremely slow growth. Certain spt10 spontaneous alleles are good suppressors but have a normal growth rate, suggesting that the SPT10 protein may have two distinct functions. An amino acid sequence motif that is similar to the Zn-finger motif was found in SPT10. Mutation of the second Cys residue in this motif resulted in loss of complementation of the suppression phenotype but a normal growth rate. Thus, this motif may reside in a part of the SPT10 protein that is important for transcriptional regulation but not for normal growth. Both the SPT10 and SPT21 proteins are relatively tolerant of large deletions; in both cases deletions of the C-terminus resulted in at least partially functional proteins; also, a large internal deletion in SPT21 was phenotypically wild type.
Technical Support Document: Development of the Advanced Energy Design Guide for K-12 Schools--30% Energy Savings (2007)

This Technical Support Document describes the process and methodology for the development of the Advanced Energy Design Guide for K-12 School Buildings (K-12 AEDG), a design guidance document intended to provide recommendations for achieving 30% energy savings in K-12 Schools over levels contained in ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-1999, Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings. The 30% energy savings target is the first step toward achieving net-zero energy schools; schools that, on an annual basis, draw from outside sources less or equal energy than they generate on site from renewable energy sources.
IgM and stromal cell-associated heparan sulfate / heparin as complement-independent ligands for CD19 (2001)

The more severe phenotype of mice lacking CD19 as compared to CD21 suggests that a complement-independent ligand for the CD19/CD21 complex exists. We sought ligands for CD19 by examining binding reactions with fusion proteins comprised of the extracellular region of CD19 and the Fc region of IgG1. A fusion protein containing the third extracellular domain (D3-Fc) bound to WEHI-231 cells, and this was competed by soluble IgM. This function of IgM was confirmed by the binding of D3-Fc to beads coated with IgM. A second ligand for D3-Fc was found on stromal cells, and was shown to be heparin/heparan sulfate. These two ligands would be considered to reside on follicular dendritic cells, and may account for the observed ability of D3-Fc to bind to sites in germinal centers containing these cells.
Classifying Music Audio with Timbral and Chroma Features (2007)

Music audio classification has most often been addressed by modeling the statistics of broad spectral features, which, by design, exclude pitch information and reflect mainly instrumentation. We investigate using instead beat-synchronous chroma features, designed to reflect melodic and harmonic content and be invariant to instrumentation. Chroma features are less informative for classes such as artist, but contain information that is almost entirely independent of the spectral features, and hence the two can be profitably combined: Using a simple Gaussian classifier on a 20-way pop music artist identification task, we achieve 54% accuracy with MFCCs, 30% with chroma vectors, and 57% by combining the two. All the data and Matlab code to obtain these results are available.
Oxidation of some prochiral 3-substituted cyclobutanones using monooxygenase enzymes: a single-step method for the synthesis of optically enriched 3-substituted γ-lactones (1995)

Oxidation of the prochiral cyclobutanones 1–5 using Acinetobacter calcoaceticus NCIMB 9871 and Pseudomonas putida NCIMB 10007 monooxygenases (MO1 and MO2) furnishes the corresponding lactones 6–10 in moderate to excellent yield and enantiomeric purity. These enzymes show enantiocomplementarity in all but one case.
DHCPv6 Prefix Delegation for NEMO (2007)

One aspect of network mobility support is the assignment of a prefix
or prefixes to a Mobile Router (MR) for use on the links in the Mobile
Network. DHCPv6 prefix delegation can be used for this configuration
task.
Electron Tunneling in Single Crystals ofPseudomonas aeruginosaAzurins (2001)

Rates of reduction of Os(III), Ru(III), and Re(I) by Cu(I) in His83-modified Pseudomonas aeruginosa azurins (M-Cu distance approximately 17 A) have been measured in single crystals, where protein conformation and surface solvation are precisely defined by high-resolution X-ray structure determinations: 1.7(8) x 10(6) s(-1) (298 K), 1.8(8) x 10(6) s(-1) (140 K), [Ru(bpy)2(im)(3+)-]; 3.0(15) x 10(6) s(-1) (298 K), [Ru(tpy)(bpy)(3+)-]; 3.0(15) x 10(6) s(-1) (298 K), [Ru(tpy)(phen)(3+)-]; 9.0(50) x 10(2) s(-1) (298 K), [Os(bpy)2(im)(3+)-]; 4.4(20) x 10(6) s(-1) (298 K), [Re(CO)3(phen)(+)] (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine; im = imidazole; tpy = 2,2':6',2' '-terpyridine; phen = 1,10-phenanthroline). The time constants for electron tunneling in crystals are roughly the same as those measured in solution, indicating very similar protein structures in the two states. High-resolution structures of the oxidized (1.5 A) and reduced (1.4 A) states of Ru(II)(tpy)(phen)(His83)Az establish that very small changes in copper coordination accompany reduction but reveal a shorter axial interaction between copper and the Gly45 peptide carbonyl oxygen [2.6 A for Cu(II)] than had been recognized previously. Although Ru(bpy)2(im)(His83)Az is less solvated in the crystal, the reorganization energy for Cu(I) --> Ru(III) electron transfer falls in the range (0.6-0.8 eV) determined experimentally for the reaction in solution. Our work suggests that outer-sphere protein reorganization is the dominant activation component required for electron tunneling.
Data from Predictive Biomarkers for Adjuvant Capecitabine Benefit in Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in the FinXX Clinical Trial (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;Recent studies have demonstrated a benefit of adjuvant capecitabine in early breast cancer, particularly in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, TNBC is heterogeneous and more precise predictive biomarkers are needed.&lt;/p&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;p&gt;Tumor tissues collected from TNBC patients in the FinXX trial, randomized to adjuvant anthracycline–taxane–based chemotherapy with or without capecitabine, were analyzed using a 770-gene panel targeting multiple biological mechanisms and additional 30-custom genes related to capecitabine metabolism. Hypothesis-generating exploratory analyses were performed to assess biomarker expression in relation to treatment effect using the Cox regression model and interaction tests adjusted for multiplicity.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;One hundred eleven TNBC samples were evaluable (57 without capecitabine and 54 with capecitabine). The median follow-up was 10.2 years. Multivariate analysis showed significant improvement in recurrence-free survival (RFS) favoring capecitabine in four biologically important genes and metagenes, including cytotoxic cells [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.38; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 0.16–0.86, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;-interaction = 0.01], endothelial (HR = 0.67; 95% CI, 0.20–2.22, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;-interaction = 0.02), mast cells (HR = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.49–1.27, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;-interaction = 0.04), and &lt;i&gt;PDL2&lt;/i&gt; (HR = 0.31; 95% CI, 0.12–0.81, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;-interaction = 0.03). Furthermore, we identified 38 single genes that were significantly associated with capecitabine benefit, and these were dominated by immune response pathway and enzymes involved in activating capecitabine to fluorouracil, including &lt;i&gt;TYMP&lt;/i&gt;. However, these results were not significant when adjusted for multiple testing.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;Genes and metagenes related to antitumor immunity, immune response, and capecitabine activation could identify TNBC patients who are more likely to benefit from adjuvant capecitabine. Given the reduced power to observe significant findings when correcting for multiplicity, our findings provide the basis for future hypothesis-testing validation studies on larger clinical trials.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Migraine and cluster headache show impaired neurosteroids patterns (2019)

We have shown for the first time that large and disease-specific changes in circulating neurosteroid levels are associated with chronic headache disorders, raising the interesting possibility that fluctuations of neurosteroids at their site of action might shape the natural course of migraine and cluster headache. Whether the observed changes in neurosteroids are genetically determined or rather result from exposure to environmental or intrinsic stressors is unknown. This might also be matter for further investigation because stress is a known triggering factor for headache attacks in both migraineurs and cluster headache patients.
Reinforced Temporal Attention and Split-Rate Transfer for Depth-Based\n Person Re-Identification (2017)

We address the problem of person re-identification from commodity depth\nsensors. One challenge for depth-based recognition is data scarcity. Our first\ncontribution addresses this problem by introducing split-rate RGB-to-Depth\ntransfer, which leverages large RGB datasets more effectively than popular\nfine-tuning approaches. Our transfer scheme is based on the observation that\nthe model parameters at the bottom layers of a deep convolutional neural\nnetwork can be directly shared between RGB and depth data while the remaining\nlayers need to be fine-tuned rapidly. Our second contribution enhances\nre-identification for video by implementing temporal attention as a\nBernoulli-Sigmoid unit acting upon frame-level features. Since this unit is\nstochastic, the temporal attention parameters are trained using reinforcement\nlearning. Extensive experiments validate the accuracy of our method in person\nre-identification from depth sequences. Finally, in a scenario where subjects\nwear unseen clothes, we show large performance gains compared to a\nstate-of-the-art model which relies on RGB data.\n
A Gross-Zagier formula for quaternion algebras over totally real fields (2011)

We prove a higher dimensional generalization of Gross and Zagier's theorem on the factorization of differences of singular moduli. Their result is proved by giving a counting formula for the number of isomorphisms between elliptic curves with complex multiplication by two different imaginary quadratic fields $K$ and $K^\prime$, when the curves are reduced modulo a supersingular prime and its powers. Equivalently, the Gross-Zagier formula counts optimal embeddings of the ring of integers of an imaginary quadratic field into particular maximal orders in $B_{p, \infty}$, the definite quaternion algebra over $\QQ$ ramified only at $p$ and infinity. Our work gives an analogous counting formula for the number of simultaneous embeddings of the rings of integers of primitive CM fields into superspecial orders in definite quaternion algebras over totally real fields of strict class number 1. Our results can also be viewed as a counting formula for the number of isomorphisms modulo $\frak{p} | p$ between abelian varieties with CM by different fields. Our counting formula can also be used to determine which superspecial primes appear in the factorizations of differences of values of Siegel modular functions at CM points associated to two different CM fields, and to give a bound on those supersingular primes which can appear. In the special case of Jacobians of genus 2 curves, this provides information about the factorizations of numerators of Igusa invariants, and so is also relevant to the problem of constructing genus 2 curves for use in cryptography.
nfrared to Ultraviolet Measurements of Two- Absorption and n2 in Wide Bandgap Sol (1996)

The bound electronic nonlinear refractive index, n2. and two-photon absorption (2PA) coefficient, 0. are measured in a variety of inorganic dielectric solids at the four harmon- ics of the Nd:YAG laser using 2 scan. The specific materials studied are: barium fluoride (BaFZ), calcite (CaC03), potas- sium bromide (KBr), lithium fluoride (LiF), magnesium fluoride (MgF2), sapphire (Alz03), a tellurite glass (75%TeO2+ 20%Zn0 + 5%Na;.O) and fused silica (SO;.). We also report n2 and 3 in three second-order, ~('1, nonlinear crystals: potassium titanyl phosphate (KTiOPO4 or KTP), lithium niobate (LiNbOS), and 3-barium borate (O-BaB2 04 or BBO). Nonlinear absorption or refraction can alter the wavelength conversion efficiency in these materials. The results of this study are compared to a simple two- parabolic band model originally developed to describe zincblende semiconductors. This model gives the bandgap energy (E, ) scal- ing and spectrum of the change in absorption. The dispersion of n2 as obtained from a Kramers-Kronig transformation of this absorption change scales as ET4. The agreement of this theory to data for semiconductors was excellent. However, as could be expected, the agreement for these wide bandgap materials is not as good, although general trends such as increasing nonlinearity with decreasing bandgap energy can be seen.
Easy As Cba: A Simple Probabilistic Model For Tagging Music. (2009)

[TODO] Add abstract here.
Wide area active collaborative tracking of waterborne vessels (2010)

We describe a real-time wide area surveillance system (WA-ACTV) for the automatic tracking of vessels using a network of PTZ cameras. The system is capable of optimally managing hundreds of PTZ cameras to simultaneously track a large numbers of vessels. The tracked vessels are fingerprinted using a scale-invariant part-based representation and subsequently used for reacquiring the tracks when the vessel comes back into view on a different sensor thus allowing the system to extend the tracking range over the wide area of surveillance. We have realized a small-scale version of the system and demonstrated it in an inland waterway as well as a small section of a sea port. The system operates in real-time at a frame rate of 15 Hz and is easily scalable to hundreds of PTZ cameras. The fingerprint-based reacquisition of targets has been evaluated to have a accuracy of 91%.
Mechanism and dynamics of block copolymer directed assembly with density multiplication on chemically patterned surfaces (2010)

In this work, we used scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in situ coherent small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS), and Monte Carlo molecular simulation to gain insights into the dynamics of block copolymer directed assembly with density multiplication on chemically patterned surfaces. During directed assembly, it was observed with SEM that poly(styrene-block-methyl methacrylate) initially formed discrete polystyrene domains that lacked long-range order at the free surface. After further annealing, the polystyrene domains gradually coalesced into linear domains that were not registered fully with the underlying chemical pattern. The linear domains could be trapped in metastable morphologies. Finally, the linear polystyrene domains formed perpendicular lamellae in full registration with the underlying chemical pattern. It was revealed with SAXS that scattering peaks characteristic of the period of the chemical pattern appeared and disappeared at the early stages of assembly. Finally, the morphological evolution of directed assembly of block copolymer on chemically patterned surfaces was modeled by molecular simulations.
Fatigue and fracture behavior of U-6 wt. pct. Nb (1993)

The fatigue and fracture properties of U6Nb were measured to provide the materials property data needed for structural designs in material processed by solution quenching and aging 200 C/2h. Limited testing was also performed on as-quenched U6Nb. The authors have extended the database on fatigue properties in U6Nb to include both crack initiation data and crack propagation data. The static load carrying capabilities have been characterized through fracture toughness and tensile property measurements. Using a rotating beam fatigue machine, a fatigue strength of 248 MPa was measured at 10{sup 8} cycles for smooth bars at zero mean load. As is typical of nonferrous alloys, U6Nb does not exhibit a fatigue endurance limit. Reductions in fatigue strength for notched bars and for mean loads of 276 MPa and 483 MPa (70 ksi) were also determined. The predominant sites for fatigue crack initiation were identified as niobium carbide and uranium oxide inclusion clusters and the distribution of these inclusions are presented. Fatigue crack propagation rates were measured in the near-threshold regime using compact tension specimens. The fatigue threshold for crack growth rates below 10{sup {minus}7} mm/cycle were measured at both R = 0.1, for which a fatigue threshold of 3.2 MPa{radical}m was measured, and for constant Kmax cycles with Kmax values of 14.6 MPa{radical}m and 30.5 MPa{radical}m, for which the fatigue threshold was reduced to 0.9 MPa{radical} and 0.6 MPa{radical}m, respectively.
The 2020 UV emitter roadmap (2020)

Solid state UV emitters have many advantages over conventional UV sources. The (Al,In,Ga)N material system is best suited to produce LEDs and laser diodes from 400 nm down to 210 nm-due to its large and tuneable direct band gap, n-and p-doping capability up to the largest bandgap material AlN and a growth and fabrication technology compatible with the current visible InGaN-based LED production. However AlGaN based UV-emitters still suffer from numerous challenges compared to their visible counterparts that become most obvious by consideration of their light output power, operation voltage and long term stability. Most of these challenges are related to the large bandgap of the materials. However, the development since the first realization of UV electroluminescence in the 1970s shows that an improvement in understanding and technology allows the performance of UV emitters to be pushed far beyond the current state. One example is the very recent realization of edge emitting laser diodes emitting in the UVC at 271.8 nm and in the UVB spectral range at 298 nm. This roadmap summarizes the current state of the art for the most important aspects of UV emitters, their challenges and provides an outlook for future developments.