gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low-Power STDR CMOS Sensor for Locating Faults in Aging Aircraft Wiring (2007)

A CMOS sensor used to locate intermittent faults on live aircraft wires is presented. A novel architecture was developed to implement the Sequence Time Domain Reflectometry method on a 0.5-mum integrated circuit. The sensor locates short or open circuits on active wires with an accuracy of +/-1 ft when running at a clock speed of 100 MHz. A novel algorithm is proposed that utilizes the shape of the correlation peak to account for sub-bit delay, thus increasing the accuracy of fault location. The power consumed by the microchip is 39.9 mW
Discrete time robust control via state feedback for single input systems (1990)

A nonlinear robust state feedback controller for discrete-time uncertain systems is proposed. The uncertainties in the system must satisfy the matching condition, but only their bounds need to be known. The controller is designed via the second method of Lyapunov. The detailed derivation of the controller for single-input systems is given. The system response remains in the neighborhood of the zero state if uncertainties are small. The uncertainty bound for the stability condition is derived.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Increased insulin sensitivity i subunit of phosphoinositide (2016)

On the basis of ex vivo studies using insulin-responsive cells, d( activation of a Class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase (P13K) seems to pi be required for a wide variety of cellular responses downstream of st insulin. The Class IA P13K enzymes are heterodimers of catalytic and ai regulatory subunits. In mammals, insulin-responsive tissues ex- o0 press both the p85a and p8513 isoforms of the regulatory subunit. ul Surprisingly, recent studies have revealed that disruption of the p; p85a gene in the mouse (p85a-/- mice) results in hypoglycemia bi with decreased plasma insulin, and the p85a'+- mice exhibit significantly increased insulin sensitivity. These results suggest re either that p85a negatively regulates insulin signaling, or that ac p85P, which mediates the major fraction of Class IA P13K signaling pi in the absence of p85a, is more efficient than p85a in mediating Ir insulin responses. To address this question, we have generated vi mice in which the p8513 gene is deleted (p8581-'- mice). As with the b' p85a-/- mice, the p8513-/- mice showed hypoinsulinemia, hypo- a( glycemia, and improved insulin sensitivity. At the molecular level, e2 P13K activity associated with phosphotyrosine complexes was P1 preserved despite a 20-30% reduction in the total protein level of e) the regulatory subunits. Moreover, insulin-induced activation of PI AKT was significantly up-regulated in muscle from the p85p3-- cl mice. In addition, insulin-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of P' insulin receptor substrate-2 was enhanced in the p85,18-- mice, a 1phenotype not observed in the p85a-'- mice. These results indi- th cate that in addition to their roles in recruiting the catalytic subunit Vi of P13K to the insulin receptor substrate proteins, both p85a and o0 p8513 play negative roles in insulin signaling. (2 ot Insulin activates Class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) to (
Advanced autologous tissue flaps for whole breast reconstruction (2020)

Perforator flaps for breast reconstruction along with preoperative imaging with both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging has opened a Pandora’s box of new flap options, including the profunda artery perforator flap. The thoracodorsal artery perforator (TDAP) flap was originally described in 1992 and involves harvesting the skin and a subcutaneous island in the territory of a traditional latissimus dorsi (LD)-musculocutaneous flap, but without inclusion of muscle. The TDAP flap should be considered as a reconstructive option when an autologous procedure is required and a conventional abdominal donor site is not available, or this approach, is declined by the patient and/or surgeon. The flap is planned with the patient in the standing position, with arms at the side, and hands on the waist. The patient is asked to actively contract the back muscles, at which time the antero-lateral border of the LD muscle is clearly defined under the skin and is marked with an indelible pen.
Integrating nitrogen and water‐soluble carbohydrates dynamics in maize: A comparison of hybrids from different decades (2020)

Abstract During a century of maize ( Zea mays L.) breeding, yield genetic gain was largely determined by increased reproductive resilience under stress and establishment of sink size (number of grains per unit area). Considering grains as competing sinks for C and N assimilates, understanding changes in the C and N economy can provide insights to define selection criteria towards a sustained yield improvement. A cognitive framework to define such criteria may consist in connecting the water‐soluble carbohydrates (WSC) and N dynamics in stem and leaves with the reproductive sink strength during post‐flowering. The objectives of this study were to advance such framework by (a) quantifying grain N demand and remobilization capacity in two hybrids as affected by N availability, and (b) formalizing how the interplay between N and WSC remobilization influence grain growth. Single cross hybrids 3394 and P1197 (released in 1991 and 2014) were evaluated to represent keystone phases of germplasm development (conventional and molecular breeding eras). P1197 outyielded 3394 consistently under high N supply, and its better N utilization efficiency was reflected through a lower grain N concentration. Under high N, the ability to maintain a greater leaf area during late grain‐filling for P1197 resulted in a reduced leaf N remobilization. Although yield was not limited by C supply, 3394 exposed greater remobilization of WSC during late grain‐filling. This study contributes to advance the development of a relevant C to N framework to further analyze drivers of genetic yield gain and assist in selection strategies in maize.
Quarter-wave Bragg reflector stack of InP-In0.53Ga0.47As for 1.65 μm wavelength (1990)

Quarter-wave semiconductor mirrors of InP-In0.53Ga0.47As for high reflectivity at 1.65 μm wavelength are epitaxially grown using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. Doping of the In0.53Ga0.47As layers is found to be critical for high reflectivity at wavelengths corresponding to the In0.53Ga0.47As band gap. n-type doping reduces the band-to-band absorption resulting in high reflectivity while p-type doped mirrors show reduced reflectivity.
A theory of differential photometric stereo for unknown isotropic BRDFs (2011)

This paper presents a comprehensive theory of photometric surface reconstruction from image derivatives. For unknown isotropic BRDFs, we show that two measurements of spatial and temporal image derivatives, under unknown light sources on a circle, suffice to determine the surface. This result is the culmination of a series of fundamental observations. First, we discover a photometric invariant that relates image derivatives to the surface geometry, regardless of the form of isotropic BRDF. Next, we show that just two pairs of differential images from unknown light directions suffice to recover surface information from the photometric invariant. This is shown to be equivalent to determining isocontours of constant magnitude of the surface gradient, as well as isocontours of constant depth. Further, we prove that specification of the surface normal at a single point completely determines the surface depth from these isocontours. In addition, we propose practical algorithms that require additional initial or boundary information, but recover depth from lower order derivatives. Our theoretical results are illustrated with several examples on synthetic and real data.
Vibration control for two-link flexible manipulator using a wrist force sensor. (1990)

This paper reports on the vibration control of a flexible space manipulator in which the tip deflection of each flexible link is fed back in a closed control system. A simple dynamic model is derived using the static deflection model to derive the system dynamics equations of a flexible manipulator. A force/torque sensor incorporated in the manipulator's wrist is proposed as a new type of sensors to estimate the deflection. To investigate the effectiveness of this control method, a two-link flexible SCARA manipulator system was constructed. This manipulator was 1.5 m long and was floating on a base-plate using air bearings capable of handling a 40kg payload. The experimental results showed that the deflection feedback realized the same effect on the vibration control as the general method of strain gauge output feedback.
Anti-ovarian tumor response of donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells is due to infiltrating cytotoxic NK cells (2016)

Treatment of ovarian cancer, a leading cause of gynecological malignancy, has good initial efficacy with surgery and platinum/taxane-based chemotherapy, but poor long-term survival in patients. Inferior long-term prognosis is attributed to intraperitoneal spreading, relapse and ineffective alternate therapies. Adoptive cell therapy is promising for tumor remission, although logistical concerns impede widespread implementation. In this study, healthy PBMCs were used to examine the immune response in a mouse model with human ovarian cancer, where natural killer (NK) cells were found to be the effector cells that elicited an anti-tumor response. Presence of tumor was found to stimulate NK cell expansion in mice treated intraperitoneally with PBMC+Interleukin-2 (IL-2), as compared to no expansion in non-tumor-bearing mice given the same treatment. PBMC+IL-2 treated mice exhibiting NK cell expansion had complete tumor remission. To validate NK cell mediated anti-tumor response, the intratumoral presence of NK cells and their cytotoxicity was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and granzyme activity of NK cells recovered from the tumor. Collectively, this study highlights the significance of NK cell-cytotoxic response to tumor, which may be attributed to interacting immune cell types in the PBMC population, as opposed to clinically used isolated NK cells showing lack of anti-tumor efficacy in ovarian cancer patients.
Demonstration of weak measurements, projective measurements, and quantum-to-classical transitions in ultrafast free electron-photon interactions (2019)

How does the quantum-to-classical transition of measurement occur? This question is vital for both foundations and applications of quantum mechanics. Here, we develop a new measurement-based framework for characterizing the classical and quantum free electron-photon interactions and then experimentally test it. We first analyze the transition from projective to weak measurement in generic light-matter interactions and show that any classical electron-laser-beam interaction can be represented as an outcome of a weak measurement. In particular, the appearance of classical point-particle acceleration is an example of an amplified weak value resulting from weak measurement. A universal factor quantifies the measurement regimes and their transition from quantum to classical, where Gamma corresponds to the ratio between the electron wavepacket size and the optical wavelength. This measurement-based formulation is experimentally verified in both limits of photon-induced near-field electron microscopy and the classical acceleration regime using a dielectric laser accelerator. Our results shed new light on the transition from quantum to classical electrodynamics, enabling to employ the essence of wave-particle duality of both light and electrons in quantum measurement for exploring and applying many quantum and classical light-matter interactions.
A double point mutation in PCL-γ1 (Y509A/F510A) enhances Y783 phosphorylation and inositol phospholipid-hydrolyzing activity upon EGF stimulation (2010)

Growth factor stimulation induces Y783 phosphorylation of phosphoinositide-specific PLC-gamma1, and the subsequent activation of this enzyme in a cellular signaling cascade. Previously, we showed that a double point mutation, Y509A/F510A, of PLC-gamma1, abolished interactions with translational elongation factor 1-alpha. Here, we report that the Y509A/F510A mutant PLC-gamma1 displayed extremely high levels of Y783 phosphorylation and enhanced catalytic activity, compared to wild-type PLC-gamma1, upon treatment of COS7 cells with EGF. In quiescent COS7 cells, the Y509A/F510A mutant PLC-gamma1 exhibited a constitutive hydrolytic activity, whereas the wild-type counterpart displayed a basal level of activity. Upon treatment of COS7 cells with EGF, the Y783F mutation in Y509A/F510A PLC-gamma1 (Y509A/F510A/Y783F triple mutant) cells also led to an enhanced catalytic activity, whereas Y783F mutation alone displayed a basal level of activity. Our results collectively suggest that the Y509A/F510A mutant is more susceptible to receptor tyrosine kinase-induced Y783 phosphorylation than is wild-type PLC-gamma1, but no longer requires Y783 phosphorylation step for the Y509A/F510A mutant PLC-gamma1 activation in vivo.
A model of nonlinear all-optical switching in doped fibers (1994)

A theoretical model of switches utilizing the resonantly enhanced nonlinearity present in doped fibers is presented. It establishes the dependence of the switching pump power, fiber length, residual resonant signal loss, and response time of the switch on the dopant spectroscopic parameters. Simple factors of merits are derived for the power and the length requirements and are evaluated for selected rare-earth transitions. The most promising candidates require only a fraction of a mW and a few cm of fiber for full switching. Similar power characteristics, but with considerably shorter response times (ns) and lengths (sub-mm), are predicted for dopants with a high oscillator strength transition, or a power-length product ten orders of magnitude smaller than for switches based on the Kerr effect in undoped silica fibers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A task-based approach to data and context management in a virtual personal server space (2004)

This paper presents our vision for an activity based pervasive computing system based on a virtual personal server space. Our target demographic is a group of elder computer users. Using collaborative inter faces technologies; we focus on reminiscence activities for their use in promoting social and intellectual fitness. Current computer applications while designed for single use are not suitable for multi-user, multi-device and multi-modal interaction. Our proposed architecture (middleware) consists of three planes of service (data, context and activity). The context plane mediates access to various services (depending on the current user activity) while optimizing data access around simple activity models.
Osteomeatal Complex Obstruction is not Associated with Adjacent Sinus Disease in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Polyps (2011)

OMC obstruction in the setting of CRSwNP may be a barometer of the overall disease process, but in this scenario, paranasal sinus inflammation can not be classified as a postobstructive phenomenon. These findings question the role of minimally invasive procedures in the management of CRSwNPs.
Mesoscopically structured nanocrystalline metal oxide thin films (2014)

This review describes the main successful strategies that are used to grow mesostructured nanocrystalline metal oxide and SiO₂ films via deposition of sol-gel derived solutions. In addition to the typical physicochemical forces to be considered during crystallization, mesoporous thin films are also affected by the substrate-film relationship and the mesostructure. The substrate can influence the crystallization temperature and the obtained crystallographic orientation due to the interfacial energies and the lattice mismatch. The mesostructure can influence the crystallite orientation, and affects nucleation and growth behavior due to the wall thickness and pore curvature. Three main methods are presented and discussed: templated mesoporosity followed by thermally induced crystallization, mesostructuration of already crystallized metal oxide nanobuilding units and substrate-directed crystallization with an emphasis on very recent results concerning epitaxially grown piezoelectric structured α-quartz films via crystallization of amorphous structured SiO₂ thin films.
Dermal Peptide Delivery Using Enhancer Molecules and Colloidal Carrier Systems – Part I: Carnosine (2012)

Due to the lipophilic properties of the uppermost skin layer of the stratum corneum (SC), it is highly challenging to attain therapeutic concentrations of active substances; hydrophilic drugs, in particular, penetrate poorly. The purpose of this study was the improvement of the topical bioavailability of the hydrophilic dipeptides L-carnosine and its related compound N-acetyl-L-carnosine. Different strategies were investigated. On the one hand, an enhancer molecule, 1,2-pentylene glycol (PG), was added to a standard preparation, and on the other hand, a microemulsion (ME-PG) system was developed. Both were compared to the standard formulation without an enhancer molecule. For all 3 preparations, the penetration of the peptides in ex vivo human skin was investigated. This allows statements to be made regarding dermal penetration, localization and distribution of the active substances in each skin layer as well as the influence of vehicle variations, in this case, the addition of PG or the incorporation of N-acetyl-L-carnosine in an ME-PG system. For L-carnosine and N-acetyl-L-carnosine, the use of the standard preparation with PG resulted in a significant increase of the substance within the SC. Approximately 6-fold and higher dipeptide concentrations in the SC and in the viable skin layers were detected at all experimental periods compared to the formulation without the enhancer molecule and the ME-PG. High concentrations of the compounds were found after a short period of time in the viable skin layers after applying the enhancer molecule, even in concentrations of 5%. The application of the colloidal carrier system did not lead to a higher penetration rate of N-acetyl-L-carnosine in comparison to both standard preparations, although it must be said that the microstructure of the investigated ME-PG might not have been optimal for the hydrophilic properties of the dipeptide.
Isolation of the anaerobic intestinal spirochaete Brachyspira pilosicoli from long-term residents and Indonesian visitors to Perth, Western Australia (2009)

Brachyspira pilosicoli is an anaerobic spirochaete that colonizes the large intestine of humans and various species of animals and birds. The spirochaete is an important enteric pathogen of pigs and poultry, but its pathogenic potential in humans is less clear. In the current study, the occurrence of B. pilosicoli in faecal samples from 766 individuals in two different population groups in Perth, Western Australia, was investigated by selective anaerobic culture. Of 586 individuals who were long-term residents of Perth, including children, elderly patients in care and in hospital and individuals with gastrointestinal disease, only one was culture positive. This person had a history of diverticulitis. In comparison, faeces from 17 of 180 (9.4 %) Indonesians who were short- or medium-term visitors to Perth were positive for B. pilosicoli. The culture-positive individuals had been in the city for between 10 days and 4.5 years (median 5 months). Resampling of subsets of the Indonesians indicated that all negative people remained negative and that some positive individuals remained positive after 5 months. Two individuals had pairs of isolates recovered after 4 and 5 months that had the same PFGE types, whilst another individual had isolates with two different PFGE types that were identified 2 months apart. Individuals who were culture-positive were likely to have been either colonized in Indonesia before arriving in Perth or infected in Perth following contact with other culture-positive Indonesians with whom they socialized. Colonization with B. pilosicoli was not significantly associated with clinical signs at the time the individuals were tested, although faeces with wet-clay consistency were 1.5 times more likely (confidence interval 0.55-4.6) than normal faeces to contain B. pilosicoli.
Fabrication of Ultramicroelectrodes Using A “Teflon-like” Coating Material (2005)

A new method was developed for the preparation of ultramicroelectrodes (UMEs). In this method, a photo-curable fluorinated functionalized perfluoropolyether, a liquid v-like polymer at room temperature, is used as the material for the insulation of metal microwires or carbon fibers. The UMEs prepared by this method were usually conical shaped and could be used both in aqueous solutions and with aprotic solvents. The relatively small thicknesses of the insulating sheath of the "Teflon-like"UME tips make them particularly useful for scanning electrochemical microscopy measurements.
Modeling semiconductor spin qubits and their charge noise environment for quantum gate fidelity estimation (2023)

The spin of an electron confined in semiconductor quantum dots is currently a promising candidate for quantum bit (qubit) implementations. Taking advantage of the existing CMOS integration technologies, such devices can offer a platform for large scale quantum computation. However, a quantum mechanical framework bridging a device's physical design and operational parameters to the qubit's energy space is lacking. Furthermore, the spin to charge coupling introduced by intrinsic or induced spin-orbit interaction (SOI) exposes the qubits to charge noise compromising their coherence properties and inducing quantum gate errors. We present here a comodeling framework for double quantum dot (DQD) devices and their charge noise environments. We use a combination of an electrostatic potential solver, full configuration interaction quantum mechanical methods, and two-level-fluctuator models to study the quantum gate performance in realistic device designs and operation conditions. We utilize the developed models together alongside the single electron solutions of the quantum dots to simulate one- and two-qubit gates in the presence of charge noise. We find an inverse correlation between quantum gate errors and quantum dot confinement frequencies. We calculate X-gate fidelities $&gt;97%$ in the simulated Si-MOS devices at a typical TLF density of ${10}^{11}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$. We also find that exchange driven two-qubit SWAP gates show higher sensitivity to charge noise with fidelities down to $91%$ in the presence of the same density of TLFs. We further investigate the one- and two-qubit gate fidelities at different TLF densities. We find that given the small size of the quantum dots, sensitivity of a quantum gate to the distance between the noise sources and the quantum dot creates a strong variability in the quantum gate fidelities, which can compromise the device yields in scaled qubit technologies.
Current State of 44Ti/44Sc Radionuclide Generator Systems and SeparationChemistry (2022)

In recent years, there has been an increased interest in <sup>44</sup>Ti/<sup>44</sup>Sc generators as an onsite source of <sup>44</sup>Sc for medical applications without needing a proximal cyclotron. The relatively short half-life (3.97 hours) and high positron branching ratio (94.3%) of <sup>44</sup>Sc make it a viable candidate for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. This review discusses current <sup>44</sup>Ti/<sup>44</sup>Sc generator designs, focusing on their chemistry, drawbacks, post-elution processing, and relevant preclinical studies of the <sup>44</sup>Sc for potential PET radiopharmaceuticals.
610 Cerebral neutrophil degranulation with normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (1999)

Nandate, Koichiroh MD; Vuylsteke, Alain MD; Parry, Doris A RGN; Messahel, Souad PhD; Oduro-Dominah, Amo FRCA; Matta, Basil F. FRCA; Menon, David K. MD PhD Author Information