gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Self-consistent nonlocal feedback theory for electrocatalytic swimmers with heterogeneous surface chemical kinetics (2015)

We present a self-consistent nonlocal feedback theory for the phoretic propulsion mechanisms of electrocatalytic micromotors or nanomotors. These swimmers, such as bimetallic platinum and gold rods catalyzing decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solution, have received considerable theoretical attention. In contrast, the heterogeneous electrochemical processes with nonlocal feedback that are the actual "engines" of such motors are relatively neglected. We present a flexible approach to these processes using bias potential as a control parameter field and a locally-open-circuit reference state, carried through in detail for a spherical motor. While the phenomenological flavor makes meaningful contact with experiment easier, required inputs can also conceivably come from, e.g., Frumkin-Butler-Volmer kinetics. Previously obtained results are recovered in the weak-heterogeneity limit and improved small-basis approximations tailored to structural heterogeneity are presented. Under the assumption of weak inhomogeneity, a scaling form is deduced for motor speed as a function of fuel concentration and swimmer size. We argue that this form should be robust and demonstrate a good fit to experimental data.
Extract of Saccharina japonica Induces Apoptosis companied by Cell Cycle Arrest and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in SK-Hep1 Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells (2014)

Saccharina japonica is a family member of Phaeophyceae (brown macro-alga) and extensively cultivated in China, Japan and Korea. Here, the potential anti-cancer effect of n-hexane fraction of S. japonica was evaluated in SK-Hep1 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The N-hexane fraction reduced cell viability and increased the numbers of apoptotic cells in a both dose- and time-dependent manner. Apoptosis was activated by both caspase-dependent and independent pathways. The caspase-dependent cell death pathway is mediated by cell surface death receptors and activated caspase-8 amplified the apoptotic signal either through direct activation of downstream caspase-3 or pro-apoptotic proteins (Bad, Bax and Bak) subsequently leading to the release of cytochrome c. On the other hand, caspase-independent apoptosis appeared mediated by disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and translocation of AIF to the nucleus where they induced chromatin condensation and/or large-scale DNA fragmentation. In addition, the n-hexane fraction induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress and cell cycle arrest. The results suggested that potential anti-cancer effects of n-hexane extract from S. japonica on SK-Hep1 cells.
Fragility of epidermis in newborns, children and adolescents (2016)

Within their first days of life, newborns' skin undergoes various adaptation processes needed to accommodate the transition from the wet uterine environment to the dry atmosphere. The skin of newborns and infants is considered as a physiological fragile skin, a skin with lower resistance to aggressions. Fragile skin is divided into four categories up to its origin: physiological fragile skin (age, location), pathological fragile skin (acute and chronic), circumstantial fragile skin (due to environmental extrinsic factors or intrinsic factors such as stress) and iatrogenic fragile skin. Extensive research of the past 10 years have proven evidence that at birth albeit showing a nearly perfect appearance, newborn skin is structurally and functionally immature compared to adult skin undergoing a physiological maturation process after birth at least throughout the first year of life. This article is an overview of all known data about fragility of epidermis in 'fragile populations': newborns, children and adolescents. It includes the recent pathological, pathophysiological and clinical data about fragility of epidermis in various dermatological diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, acne, rosacea, contact dermatitis, irritative dermatitis and focus on UV protection.
A new method to assess the deformations of internal organs of the abdomen during impact (2013)

"A new method to assess the deformations of internal organs of the abdomen during impact." Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 16(sup1), pp. 202–203Keywords:: abdomenimpactorgandeformationultrafast ultrasonography AcknowledgementThis work was partially supported by a grant from the Rhône-Alpes Regional Council.
THE GPS ACCURACY IMPROVEMENT INITIATIVE (2000)

This article discusses the Global Positioning System (GPS) Accuracy Improvement Initiative (AII). Focus of the AII is to reduce the GPS signal-in-space range error (SISRE). The article describes the key features of the AII and what it is expected to accomplish.
Conditional prerequisites for microchannel cytologic analysis on wet mount (fluid‐based) biopsies (2013)

Passage of cells through a microfluidic channel is a feasible approach that can be integrated into future platforms intent on integrating cytologic assessment of cells with recovery of the same cells for downstream assays.
Abstract 391: Identifying molecular drivers of olaparib resistance through genome-wide sgRNA screening in prostate organoids (2022)

Abstract Cancers harboring bi-allelic loss of the breast cancer genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) are sensitive to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi), which are clinically approved in breast, ovarian, and more recently prostate cancer. Genetic alteration of BRCA2 is frequent in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), and confers sensitivity to the PARPi olaparib; however, resistance is anticipated. mCRPC has a unique genetic landscape, and is likely to present different mechanisms of resistance compared to breast and ovarian cancer because loss of BRCA2 in prostate cancer occurs primarily through a large deletion of 13q that frequently includes Rb1; a setting in which reversion mutations of Brca2 are not possible. We have developed Brca2-deficient olaparib-sensitive murine prostate organoid models in clinically relevant genetic backgrounds (Brca2∆/∆Trp53∆/∆Pten∆/∆, Brca2∆/∆Trp53∆/∆, and Brca2∆/∆ sgRb1), as well as cell lines and patient-derived xenografts (PDX) to identify molecular mechanisms of olaparib resistance. We employed a genome-wide sgRNA positive selection screen to identify gene drivers of olaparib resistance in Brca2-deficient murine prostate organoid models. Putative resistance drivers are involved in many relevant pathways including DNA replication and repair, PARP1 substrate NAD+ metabolism, and androgen receptor signaling. While some pathways are genotype-specific, some are driving resistance in a pan-genotype manner. We are currently using our olaparib-sensitive model systems to validate specific resistance drivers in vitro and in vivo, determine their specificity to the BRCA1 or BRCA2 loss settings, and unravel the precise molecular mechanisms behind these resistance drivers. Citation Format: Kyrie Jean Pappas, Wouter Karthaus, Justin Laclair, Marco Russo, Charles Sawyers. Identifying molecular drivers of olaparib resistance through genome-wide sgRNA screening in prostate organoids [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 391.
EXTH-22. NEOADJUVANT IMMUNOTHERAPY WITH ANTI-PD1 ALTERS THE TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT POST SURGERY IN A MODEL OF RECURRENT GLIOBLASTOMA (2021)

Abstract SIGNIFICANCE New promising clinical trials for glioblastoma are evaluating the efficacy of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in the context of recurrent tumor surgery. OBJECTIVE We investigated the effects of neoadjuvant PD1 blockade on the glioma tumor microenvironment in a clinically relevant murine model of recurrent tumor. RESULTS Using an orthotopic mouse KR158 resection model of glioblastoma that we have established, we show that neoadjuvant anti-PD1 and surgery enhance animal survival and increase the recruitment of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells at recurrent tumor sites following bulk tumor resection compared to surgery followed by adjuvant immunotherapy. Transcriptome and spatial genomic analyses reveal alterations in immune exhaustion and activation pathway signaling after neoadjuvant anti-PD1treatment when compared with adjuvant anti-PD1-treatment or surgery alone. CONCLUSIONS These results provide insights into the effects of neoadjuvant PD1 blockade on the tumor microenvironment and uncover additional treatment targets.
Analysis of Cell Load Coupling for LTE Network Planning and Optimization (2012)

System-centric modeling and analysis are of key significance in planning and optimizing cellular networks. In this paper, we provide a mathematical analysis of performance modeling for LTE networks. The system model characterizes the coupling relation between the cell load factors, taking into account non-uniform traffic demand and interference between the cells with arbitrary network topology. Solving the model enables a network-wide performance evaluation in resource consumption. We develop and prove both sufficient and necessary conditions for the feasibility of the load-coupling system, and provide results related to computational aspects for numerically approaching the solution. The theoretical findings are accompanied with experimental results to instructively illustrate the application in optimizing LTE network configuration.
Multifocal laser surgery: Cutting enhancement by hydrodynamic interactions between cavitation bubbles (2010)

Transparent biological tissues can be precisely dissected with ultrafast lasers using optical breakdown in the tight focal zone. Typically, tissues are cut by sequential application of pulses, each of which produces a single cavitation bubble. We investigate the hydrodynamic interactions between simultaneous cavitation bubbles originating from multiple laser foci. Simultaneous expansion and collapse of cavitation bubbles can enhance the cutting efficiency, by increasing the resulting deformations in tissue, and the associated rupture zone. An analytical model of the flow induced by the bubbles is presented and experimentally verified. The threshold strain of the material rupture is measured in a model tissue. Using the computational model and the experimental value of the threshold strain one can compute the shape of the rupture zone in tissue resulting from application of multiple bubbles. With the threshold strain of 0.7 two simultaneous bubbles produce a continuous cut when applied at the distance 1.35 times greater than that required in sequential approach. Simultaneous focusing of the laser in multiple spots along the line of intended cut can extend this ratio to 1.7. Counterpropagating jets forming during collapse of two bubbles in materials with low viscosity can further extend the cutting zone---up to approximately a factor of 1.5.
Measuring total film thickness: an experimental procedure (1975)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Alan L. Browne, "Measuring total film thickness: an experimental procedure," Appl. Opt. 14, 1255-1256 (1975) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Outage Mutual Information of Space–Time MIMO Channels (2004)

We derive analytical expressions for the probability density function (pdf) of the random mutual information between transmitted and received vector signals of a random space-time independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel, assuming that the transmitted signals from the multiple antennas are Gaussian i.i.d.. We show that this pdf can be well approximated by a Gaussian distribution, and such a Gaussian approximation is based on expressions for the given pdfs mean and variance that we derive. We prove that at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), every factor of 2 increase in SNR leads to an increase in outage rate in the amount of min(M,N) bits, where M and N denote the number of transmit and receive antennas, respectively. A simple expression for the moment generating function (MGF) of the mutual information pdf is also provided, based on which we establish normality of the pdf, when both M and N are large, and the SNR is large.
Placement-aware partial reconfiguration for a class of FIR-like structures (2010)

Multi-mode systems make it possible to achieve multiple services on one platform, typically an FPGA. However, reconfiguration time and power, limit the extent to which reconfiguration can be applied. Traditionally, either complete modules have to be swapped out or they can co-exist on chip. In this work, we propose a methodology for exploring a larger reconfiguration space for a class of systems that have FIR-like structure. Furthermore, by jointly optimizing the filters we exploit parameter similarities to minimize a linear cost function of area and reconfiguration overhead. We consider the physical limitations of implementing these designs on FPGAs and propose a placement-aware approach to account for those limitations. The proposed technique minimizes the size of the reconfigurable filter and reduces the reconfiguration overhead by up to 25% in a WiMax system which is used as a case study.
Photochemical transformation of lipoic acid-based ligands: probing the effects of solvent, ligand structure, oxygen and pH (2018)

We have combined optical absorption with the Ellman's test to identify the parameters that affect the transformation of the 5-membered dithiolanes to thiols in lipoic acid (LA) and its derivatives during UV-irradiation. We found that the nature and polarity of the solvent, the structure of the ligands, acidity of the medium and oxygen can drastically affect the amount of photogenerated thiols. These findings are highly relevant to the understanding of the photochemical transformation of this biologically relevant compound, and would benefit the increasing use of LA-based ligands for the surface functionalization of various nanomaterials.
TeraPHY: A Chiplet Technology for Low-Power, High-Bandwidth In-Package Optical I/O (2020)

In this article, we present TeraPHY, a monolithic electronic-photonic chiplet technology for low power and low latency, multi-Tb/s chip-to-chip communications. Integration of the TeraPHY optical technology with open source advanced interconnect bus interface enables communication between chips at board, rack, and row level at the energy and latency cost of in-package interconnect. This enables the design of logically connected but physically separated large-scale and high-performance digital systems. The copackaging integration approach is demonstrated by integrating the TeraPHY die into the Intel Stratix10 FPGA multichip package.
Enhancement of a Flapping Wing Using Path and Dynamic Topology Optimization (2011)

The flapping wing of a micro air vehicle is optimized to enhance performance while some rigidity is kept with a specific mass. A work flow for the design of the flapping wing is defined. The performances to be enhanced are thrust coefficient and propulsive efficiency. The flapping kinematics of the flapping wing is determined by solving a path optimization problem that maximizes the performances. The optimization process is carried out based on a well-defined surrogate model. The surrogate model is made from the results of two-dimensional fluid dynamic analysis. The kriging method is employed to establish the surrogate model and a genetic algorithm is used for the multi. objective function problem. Dynamic topology optimization is performed to find the distribution of reinforcement. Certain rigidity can be kept by the results of topology optimization. A dynamic topology optimization method is developed by modification of the equivalent static loads method for nonlinear static response structural optimization. Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamic analysis is performed based on the optimum values of the path optimization to evaluate the external loads for the topology optimization process. The process of the defined work flow is materialized by interfacing various software systems.
Nitric Oxide Delivery for Prevention of Restenosis (2012)

Introduction .............................................................................................................6 Drug Delivery Systems for Localized Administration ......................................8
Characterization of a Wavelength-Tunable Fiber Laser Based on a Polymer Waveguide Bragg Grating Wavelength Filter (2015)

본 논문은 폴리머 광 도파로 기반의 브라그 격자(Polymer waveguide Bragg grating: PWBG) 파장 필터를 광섬유 레이저 공진기 내부에 삽입하여 단일 파장 가변 레이저를 구현하고, 주위 온도 및 공진기 내부의 편광 상태의 변화에 대한 출력 특성을 연구한 결과에 대해 보고한다. 레이저 공진기 내부에 있는 PWBG 파장 필터에 0 mW에서 100 mW의 전력을 인가해 주었을 때 레이저에서 발진하는 파장은 1548.24 nm에서 1531.95 nm까지 약 16.29 nm를 가변할 수 있었으며, 이 때 slope efficiency는 약 -0.16 nm/mW였다. 레이저 공진기 안의 편광을 적절하게 조절하면 모든 파장 가변 범위에서 35 dB 이상의 SMSR(side mode suppression ratio)을 얻을 수 있었다. 레이저 공진기 외부의 온도가 변화하면 발진하는 파장이 변하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 PWBG 파장 필터를 이용하여 안정된 파장 가변 레이저를 구현하기 위해서는 PWBG 파장 필터의 온도 안정화가 필요하며, 또한 편광에 대한 영향을 최소화하기 위해서는 레이저 공진기를 편광유지 광섬유로 구성해야 한다. We report the characteristics of a single-wavelength-tunable fiber laser using a polymer waveguide Bragg grating (PWBG) wavelength filter. The output of the laser depends on environmental conditions, such as temperature and polarization states in the laser cavity. Wavelength tuning can be achieved, about 16.29 nm from 1548.24 nm to 1531.95 nm, according to the electric power applied to the PWBG wavelength filter. The achieved efficiency slope is about -0.16 nm/mW. A side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) of more than 35 dB can be obtained by adjusting the polarization state in the laser cavity. A stable wavelength-tunable fiber laser can be achieved using the PWBG wavelength filter with a TEC module and a polarization-maintaining fiber.
Electric-Field-Induced Charge-Transfer Phase Transition: A Promising Approach Toward Electrically Switchable Devices (2009)

Much research has been directed toward the development of electrically switchable optical materials for applications in memory and display devices. Here we present experimental evidence for an electric-field-induced charge-transfer phase transition in two cyanometalate complexes: Rb(0.8)Mn[Fe(CN)(6)](0.93).1.62H(2)O and Co(3)[W(CN)(8)](2)(pyrimidine)(4).6H(2)O, involving changes in their magnetic, optical, and electronic properties as well. Application of an electric field above a threshold value and within the thermal hysteresis region leads to a transition from the high- to the low-temperature phase in these compounds. A model is proposed to explain the main observations on the basis of a para-ferroelectric transition. Our observations suggest that this new concept of electrical switching, based on materials exhibiting charge-transfer phase transitions with large thermal hysteresis loops, may open up doors for novel electro-optical devices.
Simultaneous completion and spatiotemporal grouping of corrupted motion tracks (2021)

Abstract Given an unordered list of 2D or 3D point trajectories corrupted by noise and partial observations, in this paper we introduce a framework to simultaneously recover the incomplete motion tracks and group the points into spatially and temporally coherent clusters. This advances existing work, which only addresses partial problems and without considering a unified and unsupervised solution. We cast this problem as a matrix completion one, in which point tracks are arranged into a matrix with the missing entries set as zeros. In order to perform the double clustering, the measurement matrix is assumed to be drawn from a dual union of spatiotemporal subspaces. The bases and the dimensionality for these subspaces, the affinity matrices used to encode the temporal and spatial clusters to which each point belongs, and the non-visible tracks, are then jointly estimated via augmented Lagrange multipliers in polynomial time. A thorough evaluation on incomplete motion tracks for multiple-object typologies shows that the accuracy of the matrix we recover compares favorably to that obtained with existing low-rank matrix completion methods, specially under noisy measurements. In addition, besides recovering the incomplete tracks, the point trajectories are directly grouped into different object instances, and a number of semantically meaningful temporal primitive actions are automatically discovered.
Ristretto MRE: A generalized multi‐shot GRE‐MRE sequence (2019)

In order to acquire consistent k-space data in MR elastography, a fixed temporal relationship between the MRI sequence and the underlying period of the wave needs to be ensured. To this end, conventional GRE-MRE enforces synchronization through repeated triggering of the transducer and forcing the sequence repetition time to be equal to an integer multiple of the wave period. For wave frequencies below 100 Hz, however, this leads to prolonged acquisition times, as the repetition time scales inversely with frequency. A previously developed multi-shot approach (eXpresso MRE) to multi-slice GRE-MRE tackles this issue by acquiring an integer number of slices per wave period, which allows acquisition to be accelerated in typical scenarios by a factor of two or three. In this work, it is demonstrated that the constraints imposed by the eXpresso scheme are overly restrictive. We propose a generalization of the sequence in three steps by incorporating sequence delays into imaging shots and allowing for interleaved wave-phase acquisition. The Ristretto scheme is compared in terms of imaging shot and total scan duration relative to eXpresso and conventional GRE-MRE and is validated in three different phantom studies. First, the agreement of measured displacement fields in different stages of the sequence generalization is shown. Second, performance is compared for 25, 36, 40, and 60 Hz actuation frequencies. Third, the performance is assessed for the acquisition of different numbers of slices (13 to 17). In vivo feasibility is demonstrated in the liver and the breast. Here, Ristretto is compared with an optimized eXpresso sequence, leading to scan accelerations of 15% and 5%, respectively, without compromising displacement field and stiffness estimates in general. The Ristretto concept allows us to choose imaging shot durations on a fine grid independent of the number of slices and the wave frequency, permitting 2- to 4.5-fold acceleration of conventional GRE-MRE acquisitions.