gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Divinyloxyalkane Cross-linker on DUV Photoresist. (1998)

The mechanism of positive process in this three-component photoresists pattern
Is Sparsity Really Relevant for Image Classification (2010)

Recent years have seen an increasing interest in sparseness constraints for image classiï¬cation and object recognition, probably motivated by the evidence of sparse representations internal in the primate visual cortex. It is still unclear, however, whether or not sparsity helps classiï¬cation. In this paper we analyze the image classiï¬cation task on CIFAR-10, a very challenging dataset, and evaluate the impact of sparseness on the recognition rate using both standard and learned ï¬lter banks in a modular architecture. In our experiments, enforcing sparsity constraints is not required at run-time, since no performance improvement has been reported by indiscriminatively sparsifying the descriptors. This observation complies with the most recent ï¬ndings on human visual cortex suggesting that a feed-forward mechanism underlies object recognition, and is of practical interest, as enforcing these constraints can have a heavy computational cost. Our best method outperforms the state-of-the-art, from 64.84% success rate on color images to 71.53% on grayscale images.
High performance ultra-low speed servo system based on doubly coprime factorization and instantaneous speed observer (1996)

This paper proposes a new speed servo system for a wide speed range based on doubly coprime factorization and instantaneous speed observer. The proposed speed controller is a new two-degrees-of-freedom speed servo system considering the robust stability according to inertia variation, which is designed on the basis of doubly coprime factorization and disturbance observer. In an ultra-low speed range, a speed sensor based on a rotary encoder cannot detect a motor speed. In this paper, a speed information in a very low speed range is estimated by the proposed instantaneous speed observer which mounts the parameter identification algorithm to cancel out the estimation error caused by parameter variation. Therefore, the two-degrees-of-freedom speed servo system connecting the instantaneous speed observer regulates a motor speed robustly in a wide speed range including an ultra-low speed range, and it keeps the desired speed response for all speed reference including an ultra-low speed range.
Synaptotagmin VII Is Targeted to Secretory Organelles in PC12 Cells, Where It Functions as a High-Affinity Calcium Sensor (2005)

Synaptotagmin (syt) I is thought to act as a Ca2+ sensor that regulates neuronal exocytosis. Fifteen additional isoforms of syt have been identified, but their functions are less well understood. Here, we used PC12 cells to test the idea that different isoforms of syt impart cells with distinct metal (i.e., Ca2+, Ba2+, and Sr2+) requirements for secretion. These cells express syt's I and IX (syt IX sometimes referred to as syt V), which have low apparent metal affinities, at much higher levels than syt VII, which we show has a relatively high apparent affinity for metals. We found that syt I and VII partially colocalize on large dense core vesicles and that upregulation of syt VII produces a concomitant increase in the divalent cation sensitivity of catecholamine release from PC12 cells. Furthermore, RNA interference-mediated knockdown of endogenous syt VII reduced the metal sensitivity of release. These data support the hypothesis that the complement of syt's expressed by a cell, in conjunction with their metal affinity, determines the divalent cation sensitivity of exocytosis.
High-efficiency triggered photons using single-cavity mode coupling of single quantum dot emission (2003)

A high efficiency, triggered single photon source with applications to quantum communications is discussed. The sources is formed from an InAs-based quantum dot located in the center of a micropost cavity formed from GaAs, with top and bottom GaAs/AlAs distributive Bragg reflector pairs, and lateral processing. When pumped above band into the semiconductor host, correlation measurements show a reduction in the two-photon probability to 0.14, compared to unity for a Poisson source. The external efficiency of this structure is 0.24.
Outcome After Wiltse Pedicle Screw Removal (1996)

Thirty-five patients were retrospectively reviewed after hardware removal after previous posterior lumbar spinal fusion by using Wiltse pedicle screw fixation. Pseudarthrosis was intraoperatively confirmed in 10 patients. Thirty of 35 patients were reviewed at an average of 17.5 months (range, 6-57 months). Of 30 patients, 30 had persistent back pain that limited activities and lumbar motion. Patients found to have pseudarthroses were significantly more likely to have less pain, use fewer narcotic medications, and have an improved quality of life after reoperation than patients found to have solid fusions. Postsurgical assessment of fusion is difficult, with instrumentation making exploration the most reliable method determining the state of arthrodesis. Accurate preoperative assessment of the fusion mass is the most important factor in deciding whether or not to reoperate on patients after Wiltse pedicle screw arthrodesis of the lumbar spine.
FIGO classification system (PALM‐COEIN) for causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in nongravid women of reproductive age (2011)

There is general inconsistency in the nomenclature used to describe abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), in addition to a plethora of potential causes-several of which may coexist in a given individual. It seems clear that the development of consistent and universally accepted nomenclature is a step toward rectifying this unsatisfactory circumstance. Another requirement is the development of a classification system, on several levels, for the causes of AUB, which can be used by clinicians, investigators, and even patients to facilitate communication, clinical care, and research. This manuscript describes an ongoing process designed to achieve these goals, and presents for consideration the PALM-COEIN (polyp; adenomyosis; leiomyoma; malignancy and hyperplasia; coagulopathy; ovulatory dysfunction; endometrial; iatrogenic; and not yet classified) classification system for AUB, which has been approved by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Executive Board as a FIGO classification system.
Immunoregulatory functions of paf‐acether II. Decrease of CD2 and CD3 antigen expression (1988)

Paf-acether (platelet-activating factor) is a phospholipid initially described as a potent platelet-aggregating compound. It is produced by numerous cell types and is now considered as an important mediator of cell-cell interactions. The effect of paf-acether on the expression of CD2 and CD3, two human T cell surface glycoproteins, was investigated by indirect immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. Paf-acether partially down-regulated, in a time- and dose-dependent manner, CD2 and CD3 but not HLA class I antigen expression on peripheral human T cells and Jurkat cells. Lysophosphatidylcholine, a phospholipid closely related to paf-acether, had no detectable modulatory effect on CD2 and CD3 expression. In addition to CD2/CD3 modulation, paf-acether markedly inhibited T cell proliferative response not only to phytohemagglutinin or concanavalin A but also to anti-CD3 or a stimulatory combination of anti-CD2 monoclonal antibodies. These data demonstrate for the first time that lipid mediators such as paf-acether might be involved in the regulation of the expression of cell surface glycoproteins that are essential in the execution of T cell function.
Channel Estimation for Beyond Diagonal Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces with Group-Connected Architectures (2023)

We study channel estimation for a beyond diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surface (BD-RIS) aided multiple input single output system. We first describe the channel estimation strategy based on the least square (LS) method, derive the mean square error (MSE) of the LS estimator, and formulate the BD-RIS design problem that minimizes the estimation MSE with unique constraints induced by group-connected architectures of BD-RIS. Then, we propose an efficient BD-RIS design which theoretically guarantees to achieve the MSE lower bound. Finally, we provide simulation results to verify the effectiveness of the proposed channel estimation scheme.
A Newton-like algorithm for adaptive multi-modulus blind equalization (2011)

This work concentrates on the development of a Newton-like algorithm for blind equalization. This algorithm is obtained by applying a complex Taylor series on a recently proposed soft constraint satisfaction multi-modulus blind equalization algorithm of order p (SCS-MMA-p). The proposed algorithm is a generalized version of the SCS-MMA-p. This algorithm is called stochastic Newton-like soft constraint satisfaction multi-modulus algorithm of order p (SNL-SCS-MMA-p). Simulation results carried out, on both baud spaced and fractionally-spaced equalizers, to assess the performance of the prosed algorithm reveal great improvement in performance of the proposed algorithm against that of the SCS-MMA for different values of the parameter p.
Electromechanical Model-Based Design and Testing of Fiber Scanners for Endoscopy (2018)

Forward-viewing catheters and scopes for diagnosing disease and guiding interventions in small ducts (less than 3 mm diameter) require wide-field high-quality imaging since scope tip bending is difficult and ineffective. A high-fidelity electromechanically coupled finite element (FE) model of a piezoelectric actuated resonant fiber scanner is presented, which enables improvement on the general design of fiber-optic scanner geometry to increase scan frequency and field of view (FOV). Using the proposed model, parametric sweeps on the specific design variables achieved by acid etching of glass fiber are analyzed to identify their effect on scanner performance and to choose improved designs. The resulting complex fiber scanner design requires development of unique microfabrication techniques. Comparison of three model simulations and their experimental testing show that our proposed coupled model has prediction error of ≤12% with respect to experimental data, while other uncoupled models have up to 39% error. The model and microfabrication techniques presented in this paper have significance for fiber scanning-based systems in that they demonstrate reliability for model-driven design and also flexibility for fiber scanner design of complex geometries, allowing for improvement on medical imaging performance.
Automated region detection based on the contrast-to-noise ratio in near-infrared tomography (2004)

The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was used to determine the detectability of objects within reconstructed images from diffuse near-infrared tomography. It was concluded that there was a maximal value of CNR near the location of an object within the image and that the size of the true region could be estimated from the CNR. Experimental and simulation studies led to the conclusion that objects can be automatically detected with CNR analysis and that our current system has a spatial resolution limit near 4 mm and a contrast resolution limit near 1.4. A new linear convolution method of CNR calculation was developed for automated region of interest (ROI) detection.
Age-Related Changes in the Biomechanical Cyclic Strain of the Human Thoracic Aorta (2008)

Large vessels in the vascular system undergo progressive degeneration with aging. The widely accepted theory is the aorta enlarges and stiffens with age [1] and vascular compliance decreases [2], which increases systolic pressure, decreases diastolic pressure, and greatly affects cardiovascular health and function. Quantifying the dynamics of an aging human aorta yields insight into changes in the vascular compliance and is vital in understanding pathogenesis and progression of disease, such as atherosclerosis and aneurysm formation [3], along with medical device implantation and design.
A Tightly Coupled Bis(zinc(II) phthalocyanine)−Perylenediimide Ensemble To Yield Long-Lived Radical Ion Pair States (2007)

A conjugated donor-acceptor array composed of two phthalocyanines connected to the bay region of a perylenediimide is assembled by using palladium chemistry. Excitation of the phthalocyanine produces a nanosecond lived charge-separated state.
Relationships Between Sports Performance Variables and Bat Swing Velocity of Collegiate Baseball Players (2011)

Baseball is an anaerobic, power sport. Position players need to perform the skill of hitting explosively to generate bat speed. Greater bat speed has been described as one of the most important traits of successful hitters. However, if a coach or scout was only given the results from fitness and performance tests, could they predict who might have greater bat speed? PURPOSE: To determine the relationship of various sports performance variables to bat swing velocity (BV) of college baseball players. METHODS: Twenty-two Division I college baseball players (age = 20.0 ± 1.5 yr) participated in this study. Tests included percent (%) body fat (Tanita bioelectrical impedance device), height, body mass, lean body mass, dominant and non-dominant grip strength (Jamar hydraulic dynamometer), rotational power (6 lb medicine ball side toss), upper body strength (1RM bench press and 1-arm dumbbell row), lower body strength (1RM parallel squat), leg power (vertical jump), peak power, and BV (SETPRO SPRT5A chronograph). Correlation coefficients were calculated for all variables by utilizing a correlation matrix from raw scores. RESULTS: Statistical analysis indicated a significant and moderately high positive relationship (p < 0.05) between BV and dominant grip strength (r = 0.61). Significant and moderately positive relationships were indicated between BV and non-dominant grip strength (r = 0.59), body mass (r = 0.53), peak power (r = 0.51), 1-arm dumbbell row (r = 0.51), lean body mass (r = 0.50), and parallel squat (r = 0.41). Significant and low positive relationships were indicated between BV and height (r = 0.37), % body fat (r = 0.25), medicine ball side toss (r = 0.25), and bench press (r = 0.21). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that significant relationships do exist between sports performance variables and BV, but one cannot interpret this to mean a cause and effect relationship. Other variables, such as hitting mechanics and bat properties (mass and moment of inertia), are also important in producing greater BV. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Strength and conditioning coaches wanting to improve player's BV should design sport-specific programs to develop strength, peak power, lean body mass, and rotational power.
Sub-THz gyrotrons with special functions of frequency control for applications to DNP-NMR spectroscopy (2014)

Sub-THz gyrotrons with the functions of frequency control are useful for application to high power sub-THz spectroscopy including a DNP enhanced high-sensitive NMR spectroscopy. Continuous frequency tunability, frequency modulation and frequency step-changing will be achieved for our Gyrotron FU CW Series and such special functions of frequency control are applied for additional enhancement of NMR sensitivity. In this paper, it will be presented how such functions are achieved and how about the advantages of them for sensitivity enhancement of NMR spectroscopy.
Novel Oral Agents: The Search for Transformational Medicines (2012)

In 2011, 366 million people had diabetes; by 2030, that figure is projected to rise to 552 million [International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas. 5th ed. 2009]. The search for novel oral antidiabetic drugs has taken on a growing sense of urgency. This article discusses efforts underway to develop glucagon-based incretin hybrids.
IANA Considerations for OSPF (2007)

This memo creates a number of OSPF registries and provides guidance to
IANA for assignment of code points within these registries. This
document specifies an Internet Best Current Practices for the Internet
Community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements.
Locally Efficient Estimation of a Multivariate Survival Function in Longitudinal Studies (2002)

We consider estimation of the joint distribution of multivariate survival times T = (T1,…,Tk), which are subject to right-censoring by a common censoring variableC. Two estimators are proposed: an initial inverse-probability-of-censoring weighted (IPCW) estimator and a one-step estimator. Both estimators incorporate information on available time-independent and time-dependent prognostic factor (covariate) data. The IPCW estimator is consistent and asymptotically normal (CAN) under coarsening at random (CAR) and a correct specification of a model for the hazard of censoring given the past covariate and failure data. The one-step estimator is a locally efficient doubly robust estimator. That is, (i) it is CAN under the assumption of CAR and either (but not necessarily both) correct specification of a model for the hazard of censoring given the past or correct specification of a model for the conditional distribution of T given past failure and covariate information, and (ii) it is efficient when both these models are correctly specified. The proposed methodology does not require that the time variables T1,…,Tk be ordered, although our methods cover this important special case. In particular, our estimators can be used to estimate the gap time distributions associated with an ordered series of events. The proposed methodology is an improvement over currently available approaches in a number of ways. Specifically, when censoring and failure are dependent because the hazard of censoring depends on both past failure and covariate history, our one-step estimator is the only estimator with the double-robustness property. When censoring can be assumed to be independent of the failure and covariate processes, our locally efficient one-step estimator, unlike the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) of van der Laan but like the estimators of Dabrowska, Prentice and Cai, and Bickel, does not require smoothing and so will perform well in moderate size samples even if k is large, say 7 or 8; furthermore, unlike all previous estimators, our estimator exploits the information available in past covariate as well as failure history and so will be efficient (nearly efficient) even when the components of T are highly dependent, whenever the specified model for the conditional distribution of T given past failure and covariate information is correct (nearly correct). We examine the finite sample performance of our estimators in a simulation study. Finally, we apply our estimators to data on time to wound excision and time to wound infection in a population of burn victims.
Toward Semistructural Cellulose Nanocomposites: The Need for Scalable Processing and Interface Tailoring (2018)

Cellulose nanocomposites can be considered for semistructural load-bearing applications where modulus and strength requirements exceed 10 GPa and 100 MPa, respectively. Such properties are higher than for most neat polymers but typical for molded short glass fiber composites. The research challenge for polymer matrix biocomposites is to develop processing concepts that allow high cellulose nanofibril (CNF) content, nanostructural control in the form of well-dispersed CNF, the use of suitable polymer matrices, as well as molecular scale interface tailoring to address moisture effects. From a practical point of view, the processing concept needs to be scalable so that large-scale industrial processing is feasible. The vast majority of cellulose nanocomposite studies elaborate on materials with low nanocellulose content. An important reason is the challenge to prevent CNF agglomeration at high CNF content. Research activities are therefore needed on concepts with the potential for rapid processing with controlled nanostructure, including well-dispersed fibrils at high CNF content so that favorable properties are obtained. This perspective discusses processing strategies, agglomeration problems, opportunities, and effects from interface tailoring. Specifically, preformed CNF mats can be used to design nanostructured biocomposites with high CNF content. Because very few composite materials combine functional and structural properties, CNF materials are an exception in this sense. The suggested processing concept could include functional components (inorganic clays, carbon nanotubes, magnetic nanoparticles, among others). In functional three-phase systems, CNF networks are combined with functional components (nanoparticles or fibril coatings) together with a ductile polymer matrix. Such materials can have functional properties (optical, magnetic, electric, etc.) in combination with mechanical performance, and the comparably low cost of nanocellulose may facilitate the use of large nanocomposite structures in industrial applications.
Vergleich von Laser Doppler Flussmessung und Mikrosphärentechnik in der Messung der Augendurchblutung (2003)

Article Vergleich von Laser Doppler Flussmessung und Mikrosphärentechnik in der Messung der Augendurchblutung was published on January 1, 2003 in the journal Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik (volume 48, issue s1).
N-Glycosylation with Sulfoxide Donors for the Synthesis of Peptidonucleosides (2021)

We report here the synthesis of peptidonucleosides obtained after glycosylation of different pyrimidine bases with glucopyranosyl donors carrying an azide group at the C4 position. A methodological study involving different anomeric leaving groups (acetate, phenylsulfoxide and ortho-hexynylbenzoate) showed that a sulfoxide donor in combination with trimethylsilyl triflate as the promoter led to the best yields.
Electrospun Nanofiber Mats as “Smart Surfaces” for Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (DESI MS)-Based Analysis and Imprint Imaging (2016)

In this paper, desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI MS)-based molecular analysis and imprint imaging using electrospun nylon-6 nanofiber mats are demonstrated for various analytical contexts. Uniform mats of varying thicknesses composed of ∼200 nm diameter fibers were prepared using needleless electrospinning. Analytical applications requiring rapid understanding of the analytes in single drops, dyes, inks, and/or plant extracts incorporated directly into the nanofibers are discussed with illustrations. The possibility to imprint patterns made of printing inks, plant parts (such as petals, leaves, and slices of rhizomes), and fungal growth on fruits with their faithful reproductions on the nanofiber mats is illustrated with suitable examples. Metabolites were identified by tandem mass spectrometry data available in the literature and in databases. The results highlight the significance of electrospun nanofiber mats as smart surfaces to capture diverse classes of compounds for rapid detection or to imprint imaging under ambient conditions. Large surface area, appropriate chemical functionalities exposed, and easiness of desorption due to weaker interactions of the analyte species are the specific advantages of nanofibers for this application.