gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
3D feature recognition base on CNN (2003)

A 3D model feature recognition is an important problem in CIMS, and act as the bridge between CAD and CAM. With the topologic and complicated data of the 3D model, it is very difficult to find the feature. A constructive neural network is applied to the problem in the paper. The algorithm can recognize eight different simple features from each other, and can deal with some cross-feature. The result obtained indicates that the constructive neural network has significant ability in solving the problem of the feature recognition.
Amphiphilic Sugar Phosphates with Single or Double Perfluoroalkylated Hydrophobic Chains for Use in Oxygen and Drug Delivery Systems (1994)

New anionic amphiphiles with a phosphate ester junction between the fluorophilic-lipophilic tail and the sugar-based hydrophilic head were synthesized and evaluated. The single hydrophobic chain surfactants 1 a, b and 2a allowed the preparation of stable and fine highly concentrated emulsions of perfluorodecalin or perfluoroocytl bromide, either when used alone or in conjunction with egg yolk phospholipids (EYP). Surfactants 3d, 5d, 6d and 6e, with two hydrophobic chains, one fluorinated the other not, gave liposomal structures, and displayed encapsulation properties for carboxyfluorescein. The phosphodiesters tested cause no significant inhibition of the growth and viability of Namalva cell cultures (0.1-1 g/L range). Single chain phosphodiesters manifest no detectable hemolytic activity (at 100 g/L for 1a) whereas double chain compounds do moderately (ca 20% hemolysis at 20 g/L). The maximum tolerated dose compatible with the survival of all of a series of 10 intravenously injected mice is in 130 mg/kg body weight range.
Two Methods for Raman Spectrum Excitation in Very Thin Films (1975)

The excitation of Raman spectrum in very thin films requires a large concentration of energy. For the two methods we have previously described we compare the exciting fluxes in different media, the scattered fluxes and the useful volumes in the samples.
Urbain (politiques urbaines) (2020)

1ères lignes : Les politiques urbaines sont des politiques publiques qui cherchent à transformer certains types de territoires : les mondes urbains. Les politiques urbaines ne sont donc pas, ou pas seulement, ce que les gouvernants décident d’appeler « politique urbaine », ni ce que les professionnels qui ont constitué un secteur appellent « politique urbaine », notamment les urbanistes.\n\n2La première difficulté de définition consiste à souligner les ambiguïtés classiques du terme « urbain » et de ses origines grecques (polis) et latines (urbs, civitas), à savoir la ville et son enceinte mais aussi la ville et ses habitants ou la ville comme acteur collectif. Le monde urbain peut s’analyser ou être transformé à partir de plusieurs échelles urbaines. Les politiques urbaines peuvent par conséquent viser des quartiers (politique de développement social des quartiers ou de rénovation des centres des villes), des villes de différentes tailles, des agglomérations, des communautés urbaines, des métropoles, des régions urbaines ou des méga régions urbaines (les cinquante millions d’habitants du delta de la rivière des Perles en Chine ou de la région urbaine Tokyo-Yokohama au Japon).
Continuous State HMM Modeling of Flat Fading Channels (2005)

There are several discrete state Markov or hidden Markov models (HMMs) of the flat fading. These models assume that there is a finite number of discrete fading levels. The main reason for considering a discrete state model is simplicity of using these models in applications. Continuous state HMMs (CSHMMs) and, in particular, hidden Gauss-Markov models (HGMM) describe fading more accurately. In this paper, we present applications of CSHMMs to model flat fading and develop analytic methods for computing basic characteristics of the fading process by using the notion of operator probability.
Making BREAD: Biomimetic Strategies for Artificial Intelligence Now and in the Future (2019)

The Artificial Intelligence (AI) revolution foretold of during the 1960s is well underway in the second decade of the twenty first century. Its period of phenomenal growth likely lies ahead. AI-operated machines and technologies will extend the reach of Homo sapiens far beyond the biological constraints imposed by evolution: outwards further into deep space, as well as inwards into the nano-world of DNA sequences and relevant medical applications. And yet, we believe, there are crucial lessons that biology can offer that will enable a prosperous future for AI. For machines in general, and for AI's especially, operating over extended periods or in extreme environments will require energy usage orders of magnitudes more efficient than exists today. In many operational environments, energy sources will be constrained. The AI's design and function may be dependent upon the type of energy source, as well as its availability and accessibility. Any plans for AI devices operating in a challenging environment must begin with the question of how they are powered, where fuel is located, how energy is stored and made available to the machine, and how long the machine can operate on specific energy units. While one of the key advantages of AI use is to reduce the dimensionality of a complex problem, the fact remains that some energy is required for functionality. Hence, the materials and technologies that provide the needed energy represent a critical challenge toward future use scenarios of AI and should be integrated into their design. Here we look to the brain and other aspects of biology as inspiration for Biomimetic Research for Energy-efficient AI Designs (BREAD).
Oral oxazepam as a premedicant in minor surgery. (1979)

The clinical effects of oral oxazepam and placebo as premedicants were tested in a double-blind study in 40 gynaecological patients. The gas chromatographically measured concentrations of the active, unconjugated forms of oxazepam in the plasma were correlated with the clinical effects of oxazepam, assessed both subjectively and objectively. The insertion of an intravenous cannula was significantly more difficult (p less than 0.001) in the placebo premedicated group. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the cutaneous temperature of the left forefinger. Of the eleven parameters tested there was a significant difference between the oxazepam and placebo group in the quality of sleep on the night before operation (p less than 0.05) and in the degree of preoperative sedation (p less than 0.01). The combined results of the eleven parameters of the oxazepam group also differed positively significantly from the placebo group (p less than 0.01). There was no obvious relationship between the plasma concentration and clinical effect of oxazepam.
Inhibition of placental growth factor activity reduces the severity of fibrosis, inflammation, and portal hypertension in cirrhotic mice (2011)

Abstract Placental growth factor (PlGF) is associated selectively with pathological angiogenesis, and PlGF blockade does not affect the healthy vasculature. Anti-PlGF is therefore currently being clinically evaluated for the treatment of cancer patients. In cirrhosis, hepatic fibrogenesis is accompanied by extensive angiogenesis. In this paper, we evaluated the pathophysiological role of PlGF and the therapeutic potential of anti-PlGF in liver cirrhosis. PlGF was significantly up-regulated in the CCl4-induced rodent model of liver cirrhosis as well as in cirrhotic patients. Compared with wild-type animals, cirrhotic PlGF−/− mice showed a significant reduction in angiogenesis, arteriogenesis, inflammation, fibrosis, and portal hypertension. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition with anti-PlGF antibodies yielded similar results as genetic loss of PlGF. Notably, PlGF treatment of activated hepatic stellate cells induced sustained extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 phosphorylation, as well as chemotaxis and proliferation, indicating a previously unrecognized profibrogenic role of PlGF. Conclusion: PlGF is a disease-candidate gene in liver cirrhosis, and inhibition of PlGF offers a therapeutic alternative with an attractive safety profile. (Hepatology 2011;)
S2474 Ankylosing Spondylitis Improved Following Faecal Microbiota Transplantation: Two Case Reports (2022)

Introduction: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an autoimmune disease which causes inflammatory arthritis in the spine and sacroiliac joints. Symptoms of AS include back pain, stiffness and reduced mobility in the spine. Patients with AS are known to have subclinical gut wall inflammation and dysbiosis in the gut. There is no known treatment to cure AS. Here, we report incidental improvement in AS in 2 patients with irritable bowel syndrome predominant diarrhoea (IBS-D) who received faecal microbiota transplant (FMT). Case Description/Methods: Case one: Female, 47 years of age, with known IBS-D, presented with recurrent abdominal pain, explosive diarrhoea 5 time a day, nocturnal bowel motions and urgency. At the same time, she was on salazopyrin and arava for her AS with limited improvement in symptoms. Stool testing was for positive Clostridium difficile toxin and she received 2 fresh FMT’s (one via colonoscopy, one via enema) in 2016. Testing 1 month after FMT treatment was negative to Clostridium difficile toxin. The patient had no ongoing gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. She also reported significant improvement in AS symptoms (specifically reduction in excruciating pain in lower back and hip). After 5 years, her IBS-D symptoms relapsed and she had another 2 FMTs (one via colonoscopy, one via enema) which resulted in improvements in GI symptoms and more improvement in AS than previous FMTs. Her CRP and ESR levels were normal pre and post treatment. Case 2: Male, 68 years of age, with known IBS-D received fresh 2 FMTs (one via colonoscopy, one via enema) in 2005 for treatment of IBS-D. Prior to treatment he had abdominal pain, cramps and loose motion and AS symptoms including excruciating pain in the sacroiliac joint. He was on infliximab and analgesics for his AS. After FMT treatment, he reported resolution of all GI symptoms and AS symptoms. His pre and post CRP levels were 100 and 2.6 and ESR levels were 18 and 7 respectively. In 2009, he had antibiotic treatment for sinusitis and his GI symptoms relapsed. He had a further 5 FMTs, again with complete recovery of GI symptoms and continued AS remission. Discussion: We observed short-term and long-term improvement in AS symptoms after treating patients with FMT. Future prospective trials are required to confirm FMT as a treatment for AS.
What Are the Most Effective Treatment Methods for Removing EDCs and PPCPs? (2010)

This article discusses a comprehensive Water Research Foundation study that was initiated to determine the removal potential of various endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) during a variety of conventional and advanced wastewater treatment processes. To complete the evaluation, specific analytical methods were developed for representative target analytes. The article discusses analysis methods, treatment methods, sample selection, and treatment results.
The Relationship of Normal and Abnormal Microstructural Proliferation to the Mitral Valve Closure Sound (2005)

The relationship between stiffness and frequency, though never documented in a native mitral valve, has been an axiom of heart sounds research. We find that the relationship is more subtle and that increases in stiffness may lead to either increases or decreases in peak frequency depending on their relationship to valvular function.
Innate Defence Regulator Peptides as a Novel Anti-infective Strategy (94.2) (2010)

Abstract The therapy of bacterial infections is under great threat as multiple antibiotic resistance increases and there is a paucity of new antibiotic discovery and development. Synthetic Innate Defence Regulator (IDR) peptides, which mimic natural host defence (antimicrobial) peptides, have been designed as a novel anti-infective strategy, working by selectively boosting innate immune protective mechanisms while dampening potentially harmful inflammation. These peptides can resolve serious infections in animal models. The optimal method of use of these peptides was evaluated here using an animal model infection by one of the highly resistant bacteria (Superbugs) afflicting our society, Staphylococcus aureus. A luminescent version of this bacterium was utilized to follow the kinetics of infection non-invasively using IVIS imaging. Protection was achieved by both prophylactic and therapeutic administration. Investigation of the mechanism of protection by examining cells infiltrating the infection site and cytokines/chemokines revealed remarkable parallels between in vitro action of the peptides in primary human cells and these animal models. System biology approaches such as Microarray and InnateDB are being utilized to decipher the complex. This has revealed several receptors, signaling pathways, transcription factors and effector proteins involved in the modulation by peptides of innate immunity.
High energy electron irradiation effects on polystyrene films (2009)

The effect of an 8 MeV electron-beam on the structural, optical and dielectric properties of polystyrene films has been investigated respectively by means of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible (UV–VIS) spectroscopy and electrical impedance (LCR) analysis over a radiation dose in the range of 50–250 kGy using a Microtron accelerator. The FTIR spectral analysis shows no change in the overall structure of the irradiated polystyrene films, except a minor change in the intensity of a few peaks in the FTIR spectrum, indicating that polystyrene is resistant to electron-beam irradiation over the range of radiation doses investigated. The optical band gap analysis using the UV–VIS absorption spectra of the polystyrene shows a small decrease in the optical band gap (E g) and the activation energy with an increase in electron doses. Further, the dielectric measurements over a frequency range of 100 Hz to 1 MHz for the electron-beam-irradiated polystyrene films show that both the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss increase with an increase in electron radiation dose, which may be ascribed to the formation of defect sites in the band gap of polystyrene as a consequence of molecular chain scission in the polymer films upon irradiation.
Scalable bottom-up fabrication of colloidal photonic crystals and periodic plasmonic nanostructures (2013)

Photonic crystals and plasmonics are two key techniques that could ultimately enable all-optical integrated circuits and quantum information processing. Unfortunately, the development and implementation of these techniques have been greatly impeded by expensive and painstaking top-down nanofabrication (e.g., electron-beam lithography). By contrast, bottom-up colloidal self-assembly and subsequent templating nanofabrication provide a much simpler, faster, and inexpensive alternative to nanolithography in creating highly ordered photonic crystals and plasmonic nanostructures. However, traditional colloidal self-assembly and templating nanofabrication approaches suffer from low throughput, incompatibility with standard microfabrication, and limited crystal structures which greatly hamper the mass-production and on-chip integration of practical nanooptical devices. In this feature article, we review the recent advances of a versatile spin-coating technological platform that enables rapid production of wafer-scale colloidal photonic crystals with unusual non-close-packed structures and a large variety of periodic metal nanostructures with tunable plasmonic properties.
Using a Position History-Based Protocol for Distributed Object Visualization, (1994)

Users of distributed virtual reality applications interact with users located across the network. Similarly, distributed object visualization systems store dynamic data at one host and render it in real-time at other hosts. Because data in both systems is animated and exhibits unpredictable behavior, providing up-to-date information about remote objects is expensive. Remote hosts must instead apply extrapolation between successive update packets to render the object''s true animated behavior. This paper describes and analyzes a ``position history-based'''' protocol in which hosts apply several recent position updates to track the position of remote objects. The history-based approach offers smooth, accurate visualizations of remote objects while providing a scalable solution.
Molecular Orbital Controlling Donor Moiety for High‐Efficiency Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Emitters (2016)

A new donor moiety, 7,7,13,13-tetramethyl-7,13-dihydro-5H-indeno[1,2-b]acridine (IAc), was developed to control the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) dispersion of thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) emitters. The IAc unit expanded the HOMO dispersion of the emitters and increased the quantum efficiency of the TADF devices up to 20.9 %.
Design considerations of scaled sub-0.1 μm PD/SOI CMOS circuits (2004)

This paper reviews the circuit design considerations of scaled sub-0.1 /spl mu/m partially-depleted SOI (PD/SOI) CMOS circuits for high-performance digital applications. The impact of technology/device scaling and design challenges are highlighted. Unique design aspects and issues resulting from the scaling of PD/SOI device structure, such as parasitic bipolar effect and reduced-V/sub T/ leakage, hysteretic V/sub T/ variation, low-voltage impact ionization, higher V/sub T,lin/ to maintain adequate V/sub T,sat/, scaling/thinning of Si film, gate-to-body tunneling current, self-heating, soft error rate (SER), and the introduction of strained-Si channel on SOI are addressed.
A 3D-Printed Metamaterial Slow Wave Structure for High-Power Microwave Generation (2020)

We present a high power microwave (HPM) source based on a metamaterial slow wave structure (MSWS). The MSWS is composed of a circular waveguide with periodic loading of two complementary split-ring resonator disks and was designed at the University of California, Irvine (UCI). This SWS has been studied and simulated to quantify its cold structure properties. Moreover, a backward wave oscillator (BWO) using the proposed SWS has been simulated using a particle-in-cell solver to evaluate its performance. In simulations this BWO has generated 88 MW peak power in a pulse duration on the order of 15 ns with frequency about 2.9 GHz. This SWS was fabricated using 3D printing and copper plating technology and was tested using the SINUS-6 pulsed electron beam accelerator at the University of New Mexico (UNM). This paper presents the results.
Drug resistance and P-glycoprotein expression in endothelial cells of newly formed capillaries induced by tumors. (1998)

The inhibitory effects of vincristine (VCR) with or without verapamil (VER) on angiogenesis in mouse subcutaneous fascia induced by mouse sarcoma 180 cells were assessed using the dorsal air sac method. VCR combined with VER had inhibitory effects on tumor-induced angiogenesis, but VCR alone did not inhibit capillarization. The chemosensitivity of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and tumor-derived endothelial cells from rat KMT-17 fibrosarcoma (TEC) was examined using the microculture tetrazolium assay. VCR and taxol had strong anti-proliferative activity against HUVEC, but only weakly inhibited the proliferation of TEC. In combination with VER, VCR and Taxol inhibited the proliferation of TEC. Cisplatin, mitomycin C, and 5-fluorouracil had weakly anti-proliferative activity against both HUVEC and TEC. Expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) was found in TEC, but not in HUVEC using western blot analysis. These findings indicate that drug resistance and P-gp expression appeared on newly formed capillaries induced by rodents tumors.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Reductions of a Vinylogous Urethane Structure in a Highly Substituted Indolo[2,3‐a]quinolizidine. (1986)

Abstract Die Reduktion des aus Tryptamin (I) über das Dihydropyridin (IV) hergestellten Hexahydroindolo[2,3‐a]chinolizins (V) liefert in Abhängigkeit von den Bedingungen die isomeren Reduktionsprodukte (VI)‐(VIII) in unterschiedlichen Verhältnissen.
Fast Switch-Off of High Voltage 4H–SiC npn BJTs from Deep Saturation Mode (2010)

In this paper, very fast switch-off of high voltage 4H–SiC npn Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs) driven in deep saturation regime is reported. It is shown that the switch-off time can be as short as 4 ns if a reverse base current pulse is applied that provides forced minority carrier sweep out from the base.
PALLADIUM/COPPER ALLOY COMPOSITE MEMBRANES FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE HYDROGEN SEPARATION FROM COAL-DERIVED GAS STREAMS (2001)

Recent advances have shown that Pd-Cu composite membranes are not susceptible to the mechanical, embrittlement, and poisoning problems that have prevented widespread industrial use of Pd for high temperature H{sub 2} separation. These membranes consist of a thin ({approx}10 {micro}m) film of metal deposited on the inner surface of a porous metal or ceramic tube. Based on preliminary results, thin Pd{sub 60}Cu{sub 40} films are expected to exhibit hydrogen flux up to ten times larger than commercial polymer membranes for H{sub 2} separation, and resist poisoning by H{sub 2}S and other sulfur compounds typical of coal gas. Similar Pd-membranes have been operated at temperatures as high as 750 C. The overall objective of the proposed project is to demonstrate the feasibility of using sequential electroless plating to fabricate Pd{sub 60}Cu{sub 40} alloy membranes on porous supports for H{sub 2} separation. These following advantages of these membranes for processing of coal-derived gas will be demonstrated: High H{sub 2} flux; Sulfur tolerant, even at very high total sulfur levels (1000 ppm); Operation at temperatures well above 500 C; and Resistance to embrittlement and degradation by thermal cycling. The proposed research plan is designed to providing a fundamental understanding of: Factors important in membrane fabrication; Optimization of membrane structure and composition; Effect of temperature, pressure, and gas composition on H{sub 2} flux and membrane selectivity; and How this membrane technology can be integrated in coal gasification-fuel cell systems.
Analysis of self mixing of transmitter interference in WCDMA receivers (2006)

In this paper we analyze the distortion due to self-mixing of TX (transmitter) interference in WCDMA mobile receivers. The self-mixing is primarily due to the second order nonlinearity of the mixer, which is very significant in WCDMA receivers due to the high power of TX interference. Existing published work has analyzed the dependence of distortion on TX interference power and second order nonlinearity of the mixer. We go one step further and derive closed form equation for this distortion as a function of the power level of the TX, the second order nonlinearity of the mixer, and the number of equal power WCDMA channels in the transmitted signal. This is also verified against measured data