gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Context-sensitive decrement times for inhaled anesthetics in obese patients explored with Gas Man® (2020)

Anesthesia care providers and anesthesia decision support tools use mathematical pharmacokinetic models to control delivery and especially removal of anesthetics from the patient's body. However, these models are not able to reflect alterations in pharmacokinetics of volatile anesthetics caused by obesity. The primary aim of this study was to refine those models for obese patients. To investigate the effects of obesity on the elimination of desflurane, isoflurane and sevoflurane for various anesthesia durations, the Gas Man® computer simulation software was used. Four different models simulating patients with weights of 70 kg, 100 kg, 125 kg and 150 kg were constructed by increasing fat weight to the standard 70 kg model. For each modelled patient condition, the vaporizer was set to reach quickly and then maintain an alveolar concentration of 1.0 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC). Subsequently, the circuit was switched to an open (non-rebreathing) circuit model, the inspiratory anesthetic concentration was set to 0 and the time to the anesthetic decrements by 67% (awakening times), 90% (recovery times) and 95% (resolution times) in the vessel-rich tissue compartment including highly perfused tissue of the central nervous system were determined. Awakening times did not differ greatly between the simulation models. After volatile anesthesia with sevoflurane and isoflurane, awakening times were lower in the more obese simulation models. With increasing obesity, recovery and resolution times were higher. The additional adipose tissue in obese simulation models did not prolong awakening times and thus may act more like a sink for volatile anesthetics. The results of these simulations should be validated by comparing the elimination of volatile anesthetics in obese patients with data from our simulation models.
Background Compensation of Static TI-ADC Nonlinearities in Coherent Optical Receivers (2021)

This paper presents a novel background compensation technique of nonlinear distortions in time-interleaved analog-to-digital converters (TI-ADC). The proposed scheme is based on the well-known error backpropagation algorithm, which has been extensively used in machine learning applications. The technique enables adaptive compensation using low-complexity hardware such as look-up tables. The effectiveness and intrinsic background characteristics of this proposal make it a well suited candidate for application in high-speed, high modulation order digital communication receivers. Simulation results in a coherent optical receiver demonstrate that the proposed background compensation algorithm is able to practically eliminate the penalties caused by the TI-ADC nonlinearity.
Offence against the Edge Ray Theorem? (2004)

The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of the Edge-Ray Theorem in 2D geometry, covering the different optical systems treated up today, including some cases (as the refraction/reflection of sequential optical surfaces) which have not been formally discussed previously, and also analyzing the role of slope discontinuities in the creation/annihilation on edge rays. Also illustrative novel examples are given. In section 2, a simple device that seems to beat either the Edge Ray Theorem or the Second Law of Thermodynamics is presented. In section 6, it is proven that there exits perfect solution to the theoretical problem of achieving maximum concentration on a circular receiver from a source at infinity with a single slope discontinuity and a sizeable gap between optics and receiver. At the end (section 7), the explanation of the device of section 2 offending the Edge Ray Theorem will be given.
Inhibition of permeability transition pore opening by mitochondrial STAT3 and its role in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (2010)

The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) contributes to cardioprotection by ischemic pre- and postconditioning. Mitochondria are central elements of cardioprotective signaling, most likely by delaying mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening, and STAT3 has recently been identified in mitochondria. We now characterized the mitochondrial localization of STAT3 and its impact on respiration and MPTP opening. STAT3 was mainly present in the matrix of subsarcolemmal and interfibrillar cardiomyocyte mitochondria. STAT1, but not STAT5 was also detected in mitochondria under physiological conditions. ADP-stimulated respiration was reduced in mitochondria from mice with a cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of STAT3 (STAT3-KO) versus wildtypes and in rat mitochondria treated with the STAT3 inhibitor Stattic (STAT3 inhibitory compound, 6-Nitrobenzo[b]thiophene 1,1-dioxide). Mitochondria from STAT3-KO mice and Stattic-treated rat mitochondria tolerated less calcium until MPTP opening occurred. STAT3 co-immunoprecipitated with cyclophilin D, the target of the cardioprotective agent and MPTP inhibitor cyclosporine A (CsA). However, CsA reduced infarct size to a similar extent in wildtype and STAT3-KO mice in vivo. Thus, STAT3 possibly contributes to cardioprotection by stimulation of respiration and inhibition of MPTP opening.
Information embedding codes matched to locally stationary Gaussian image models (2003)

We have designed a practical information embedding code for images. The method assumes a locally i.i.d. (independent identically distributed) Gaussian source model for wavelet image coefficients. The proposed algorithm is developed based on this model and recent information theoretic results on information hiding for parallel Gaussian channels. Promising results have been obtained on test images.
A multiloop approach to modeling motion sensor responses (1975)

By using a least squares identification algorithm, a multiloop approach is taken to effectively model the response characteristics of the motion sensors. The inputs to the model include the possible sources of information provided to the human via his motion sensing system. One input models the response of the angular acceleration sensors (second derivative of position) and the second input models the response of the linear sensors (sine of position). The third input is the visual display error provided to the human in the closed loop tracking experiment. Data from a roll axis tracking simulation were analyzed. The major source of pilot lead under the motion mode of operation is discussed for control of plants in which motion information improved performance and in which there was no improvement in performance.
New fluorescence methodology for detecting DNA adducts. Final progress report, May 1, 1991--November 30, 1994 (1994)

A new reagent, {open_quotes}BO-IMI{close_quotes}, has been developed that achieves, for the first time, single step, phosphate specific fluorescence labeling under aqueous conditions. Both 3{prime} and 5{prime} mononucleotides, including representative DNA adducts can be labeled. Included in this technique is a convenient procedure for postlabeling sample cleanup, leading to a practical detection of the products by capillary electrophoresis with laser fluorescence detection (CE-LIF). We consider that this new method will have a significant impact on the measurement of DNA adducts in human samples. This work was largely accomplished in the second half of our project. In the first half, we set up a new way to isolate DNA nucleotides from blood, worked with an initial, less specific technique for labeling DNA adducts, compared ionizing radiation vs oxidative damage to fluorescein labeled deoxyadenylic acid, and set up a capillary electrophoresis laser fluorescence detection system.
Practical End-to-End Verifiable Voting via Split-Value Representations and Randomized Partial Checking (2014)

We describe how to use Rabin's "split-value" representations, originally developed for use in secure auctions, to efficiently implement end-to-end verifiable voting. We propose a simple and very elegant combination of split-value representations with "randomized partial checking" (due to Jakobsson et al. [16]).
Supplementary Video 4 from Cell Surface Delivery of TRAIL Strongly Augments the Tumoricidal Activity of T Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;AVI file - 1941K&lt;/p&gt;
Correction: Ubiquitin Ligase HUWE1 Regulates Axon Branching through the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in a Drosophila Model for Intellectual Disability (2014)

We recently reported that duplication of the E3 ubiquitin ligase HUWE1 results in intellectual disability (ID) in male patients. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. We used Drosophila melanogaster as a model to investigate the effect of increased HUWE1 levels on the developing nervous system. Similar to the observed levels in patients we overexpressed the HUWE1 mRNA about 2-fold in the fly. The development of the mushroom body and neuromuscular junctions were not altered, and basal neurotransmission was unaffected. These data are in agreement with normal learning and memory in the courtship conditioning paradigm. However, a disturbed branching phenotype at the axon terminals of the dorsal cluster neurons (DCN) was detected. Interestingly, overexpression of HUWE1 was found to decrease the protein levels of dishevelled (dsh) by 50%. As dsh as well as Fz2 mutant flies showed the same disturbed DCN branching phenotype, and the constitutive active homolog of catenin, armadillo, could partially rescue this phenotype, our data strongly suggest that increased dosage of HUWE1 compromises the Wnt/-catenin pathway possibly by enhancing the degradation of dsh.
Effects of rise/decay time on the lateralization of interaurally delayed 1-kHz tones (1981)

Experiments in lateralization were performed to evaluate the relative contribution of onset and phase cues in binaural hearing. A 1-kHz signal was presented with interaural stimulus delays ranging from 0 to 1000 microseconds, corresponding to phase shifts of 0 degree to 360 degrees. For a given value of delay, the leading signal was presented randomly to the right or left ear over a block of 100 trials, and the laterality of the resultant image was judged. The percentage of correct judgments was plotted as a function of delay with rise/decay time as a parameter. Values of rise/decay time ranged from 0 to 500 ms. The results indicated that rise/decay times of at least 200 ms are necessary to avoid contributions from the onset cue to the formation of lateralization judgments. For rise/decay times shorter than 200 ms, a conflict occurs between phase and onset cues in the region of phase shifts from 180 degrees to 360 degrees. At the limit with very short rise/decay times, the onset cue completely overrides the phase cue.
Seven structures of atypical chemokine receptor 3 reveal the molecular bases for its promiscuity and signaling bias (2022)

Atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3) is a seven transmembrane (TM) spanning heptahelical receptor that is involved in different stages of cancer progression. Unlike canonical G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs), ACKR3 does not couple to heterotrimeric G proteins when activated by its endogenous ligand, CXCL12. It is therefore a naturally occurring fully arrestin biased receptor. ACKR3 however desensitizes normally and contributes to cancer progression through arrestin‐mediated signaling pathways and/or by active sequestration of chemokine ligands, which blocks CXCL12‐mediated downregulation of CXCR4. Here, we report seven cryo‐electron microscopic structures of ACKR3 bound to three different agonistic ligands, including CXCL12, a potent CXCL12 variant (CXCL12 LRHQ ), and a small molecule agonist (CCX662). Although the chemokines bind to ACKR3 in a truly unique way, all three ligands still extend deep in the orthosteric pocket. In all the structures, the TM spans of ACKR3 assume a configuration like those of active GPCRs, although the cytoplasmic pocket is more compact in ACKR3. In addition, compared to other chemokine receptors, the structure of the intracellular loop 2 (ICL2) of ACKR3 is quite different and lacks a kink at the cytoplasmic end of TM4. This is predicted to prevent ACKR3 from binding heterotrimeric G proteins in a canonical way, thereby blocking nucleotide exchange. In summary, our structures provide insight into the promiscuous recognition of ACKR3 relative to other chemokine receptors, and into its distinct functions relative to other canonical chemokine receptors. The structure models may also guide future drug discovery efforts targeting ACKR3 for cancer therapy.
Table S3 from Aquaporin-7 Regulates the Response to Cellular Stress in Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Genes highly correlated with AQP7 gene expression in human breast cancer patient tumor tissue.&lt;/p&gt;
Amperometric Hydrogen Sensor Using Proton Conductor (Antimonic Acid) Thick Film. (1991)

プロトン導電体(アンチモン酸)厚膜を用いた電流検出方式の室温作動型水素センサーについて検討を加えた。センサー素子は,多孔質アルミナ上にスピンコート法により形成した緻密なアンチモン酸厚膜(厚さ約10μm)の上下に,白金を外部および内部電極として取り付けた積層型構造とした。本素子の短絡電流は200～6000ppmの水素に対して濃度に直接比例する応答を示した。その応答速度は,例えぽ1000PPm水素に対して30。Cにおいて約10秒(90%応答)と速かった。外部電極をスパヅター白金から白金黒に変えると電流の方向が逆転したが,これはこれら電極の電気化学的な酸素還元活性の差に起因することがわかった。本素子の電流応答にはかなり大きな湿度依存性が見られたが,測定回路にセンサー素子と直列に外部抵抗を取り付けることにより湿度依存性を大幅に低減できることを見いだした。すなわち,3.3MΩの外部抵抗を付加した場合には応答の湿度依存性はほとんどなくなり,しかも電流値と水素濃度との比例関係はこの場合にも保たれることがわかった。
Proximal probe-like nano structuring in metal-assisted etching of silicon (2019)

We use silicon having multiple crystalline orientation domains and high metal doping in metal assisted chemical etching (MACEtch) in HF/H2O2. In device-quality silicon, MACEtch produces high-aspect ratio anisotropic (1-D) structures (wires, columns, pores or holes) and to a lesser degree non-high-aspect ratio luminescent (0-D) nano structures. While the 1-D structure symmetry is understood in terms of crystallography axis-dependent etching, predominantly along the &amp;lt;100&amp;gt; direction, the isotropic 0-D spherical symmetry etching is not understood. We observe in silicon having multiple crystalline orientation domains formation of metal tips (needles or whiskers) of diameters as small as 2-3 nm that bridge the metal to silicon and cause AFM/STM-like nanofabrication, producing 0-D mounds, indentations, or clusters. The formation of sharp needles can be understood in terms of charge injection/electric breakdown between metal clusters and silicon due to charge build-up. Silicon with high degree of impurities as well as with multiple crystalline orientation domains allow imaging these effects using electron spectroscopy without cross sectional cuts.
A Novel Boost Active Bridge-Based Inductive Power Transfer System (2019)

In recent years, a number of bidirectional inductive power transfer systems (BD-IPT) suitable for wireless grid integration of electric vehicles have been developed. These developments have been fueled by the enhanced efficiency and spatial tolerance offered by BD-IPT systems. A typical BD-IPT system utilizes two synchronized full-bridge converters operating at fixed duty cycles to drive the primary and secondary magnetic couplers. However, in order to cater for a wide range of loading conditions, additional circuitry is employed at the expense of cost and power density. As an alternative solution, this paper proposes a novel power converter, named a boost active bridge (BAB), to replace the full-bridge converters. The BAB topology caters to a wide range of loading conditions without the need for any extra switching devices. A comprehensive mathematical model that predicts steady-state currents, voltages, and power transfer is presented to highlight the operating principles of the BAB technology. Experimental results obtained from a 3.5-kW prototype show a nearly constant efficiency under all loading conditions, validating the viability of the proposed BAB topology.
<title>Detection and quantification of true 3D motion components of the myocardium using 3D speckle tracking in volumetric ultrasound scans: simulations and initial experimental results</title> (1997)

We present a new method for detecting and tracking tissue motion in 3D. The method is based on the concept of tracking speckle patterns in 3D using the sum absolute difference (SAD) technique. One potential application of this method is to study the 3D motion of various regions of interest in myocardial tissue using volumetric ultrasound scans of the heart. This could be of great value in assessing the viability of the myocardium. Simulations of 3D speckle patterns were obtained for the real-time ultrasound volumetric scanner developed at Duke University. Volumes of data were studied in pairs. Motion was simulated as whole voxel translations in 3D. A kernel volume was selected and a larger surrounding search volume was then defined. The kernel volume was compared to al possible matching sub- volumes in the search volume using the SAD technique. After the best match was found, the 3D components of motion were calculated by measuring the relative shift of the best match sub-volume from the location of the kernel volume the process was repeated until a 3D map of motion for the first frame was obtained. The performance of the proposed tracking method as a function of the SNR was the plotted for each direction. Experiments were performed to evaluate the performance of the method in vitro. A tissue mimicking materials was imaged using a 5MHz piston transducer translated in 2D to obtain multiple volumes with known shifts. The tracking method was applied and its performance with different shift values was evaluated. The calculated shift values highly matched the true shift values within a small jitter error.
A Non-contact Mixing Method for Liquids in Micro-space (Development of a Non-contact Mixing Device by Creating a Wave on a Free Surface) (2004)

A new method for mixing liquids in a vessel without actually making contact with the liquid itself has been developed. The developed method uses the phenomenon referred to as radiation pressure : namely, the pressure produced by ultrasound waves as they pass through a liquid and reach its free surface, which, as a result, is pushed out. The wave of energy required to stimulate the movement of the free surface in the vessel, is generated by an ultrasound device located out side the vessel. In the current study, first, the movement of the free surface was simulated and several types of wave were tested to determine which would produce the appropriate fluid flow for proper mixing in the vessel. Next, the numerical simulations were experimentally verified by observing the flow of liquids in a vessel in a laboratory trial. Lastly, a new mixing device was designed and constructed according to the test resulted, and it was demonstrates that it can mix 250μl of liquid in 0.5 s
Nové trendy ve studiu glykosylace proteinů u onkologických onemocnění (2014)

Glykomika a glykoproteomika představuji relativně nove směry pro analýzy komplexnich biologických vzorků a jejich důležitost neustale roste. Tyto oblasti jsou komplementarni k dalsim zavedeným přistupům např. ke genomickemu profilovani a proteomice. Glykoproteiny jsou stale vice uznavane jako důležite molekuly ucastnici se buněcných interakci a adhezi. Výskyt strukturnich změn v glykanových castech se zda být typický pro různe typy rakoviny. Nasledujici souhrn se zabýva aktualnimi trendy v glykomickem profilovani a glykoproteomickem výzkumu biologických tekutin a tkani se zaměřenim na rakovinu. Použite metody jsou založeny na principech kapilarnich separacnich technik, hmotnostni spektrometrie a glykanových a lektinových cipů. Vsechny zminěne metody maji znacný potencial být využite v diagnostických a prediktivnich vysetřenich.
An insight into common filtering in noisy SIMO blind system identification (2012)

The effect of additive sensor noise on single-input-multiple-output (SIMO) blind system identification (BSI) algorithms based upon cross-relation (CR) error is investigated. Previous studies have shown that additive noise in the observed signal results in systems comprising the true estimated channels convolved with an erroneous ‘common filter’, and additionally that identification and removal of this filter significantly improves estimation error. However, the source of the common filter remained an open question. This paper explains the common filter through a first-order perturbation analysis of the CR matrix, showing that it be estimated from the perturbation and the eigenvectors of the noiseless CR matrix. The analysis given in this paper provides a new insight into the effect of noise on SIMO BSI algorithms and forms the first step towards an overall noise robust solution.
An approach to stereo-point cloud registration using image homographies (2012)

A mobile robot equipped with a stereo camera can measure both the video image of a scene and the visual disparity in the scene. The disparity image can be used to generate a collection of points, each representing the location of a surface in the visual scene as a 3D point with respect to the location of the stereo camera: a point cloud. If the stereo camera is moving, e.g., mounted on a moving robot, aligning these scans becomes a difficult, and computationally expensive problem. Many finely tuned versions of the iterative closest point algorithm (ICP) have been used throughout robotics for registration of these sets of scans. However, ICP relies on theoretical convergence to the nearest local minimum of the dynamical system: there is no guarantee that ICP will accurately align the scans. In order to address two problems with ICP, convergence time and accuracy of convergence, we have developed an improvement by using salient keypoints from successive video images to calculate an affine transformation estimate of the camera location. This transformation, when applied to the target point cloud, provides ICP an initial guess to reduce the computational time required for point cloud registration and improve the quality of registration. We report ICP convergence times with and without image information for a set of stereo data point clouds to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.
Surgical Treatment of Femoroacetabular Impingement: What Are the Limits of Hip Arthroscopy? (2014)

The variety of hip pathology that can be addressed in a minimally invasive fashion in the young, pre-arthritic patient has rapidly grown in parallel with technical advances in hip arthroscopy. However, the indications and limits of arthroscopy must be carefully defined and indications must evolve correspondingly to avoid an increase in failure rates and unsatisfactory clinical outcomes. Some diagnoses may be better and more comprehensively addressed with open procedures or combined surgical approaches. The purpose of this article is to provide an unbiased and evidence-based review of conditions of the pre-arthritic hip to define our current understanding of the advantages, disadvantages, and limitations of an arthroscopic approach.
Editorial: Epigenetic modifications associated with abiotic and biotic stresses in plants: An implication for understanding plant evolution, volume II (2023)

which a new variety naturally appeared (Yaish, 2017). However, these processes are more 48 complicated and involves various genetic and epigenetic changes. Moreover, there is an 49 interaction between the different epigenetic modifications that can also cause changes in the 50 DNA sequences. For example, small RNA molecules (sRNA) primer DNA methylation through 51 the RNA-directed DNA methylation mechanism (Wassenegger, 2000), and DNA methylation More epigenetic secrets at the molecular level must be unveiled before being able to precisely 82 describe the evolutionary processes that led to the generation of stress-adaptive plants. The editors would like to thank the reviewers for their constructive comments.
Phase I Trial of Autologous RNA-electroporated cMET-directed CAR T Cells Administered Intravenously in Patients with Melanoma and Breast Carcinoma (2023)

Data evaluating CAR T therapy in patients with solid tumors are limited. This pilot clinical trial demonstrates that intravenous cMET-directed CAR T-cell therapy is safe and feasible in patients with metastatic melanoma and metastatic breast cancer, supporting the continued evaluation of cellular therapy for patients with these malignancies.