gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Six-Month Outcome of Immunocompromised Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Rescued by Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. An International Multicenter Retrospective Study (2018)

<b>Rationale:</b> Because encouraging rates for hospital and long-term survival of immunocompromised patients in ICUs have been described, these patients are more likely to receive invasive therapies, like extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).<b>Objectives:</b> To report outcomes of immunocompromised patients treated with ECMO for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and to identify their pre-ECMO predictors of 6-month mortality and main ECMO-related complications.<b>Methods:</b> Retrospective multicenter study in 10 international ICUs with high volumes of ECMO cases. Immunocompromised patients, defined as having hematological malignancies, active solid tumor, solid-organ transplant, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, or long-term or high-dose corticosteroid or immunosuppressant use, and severe ECMO-treated ARDS, from 2008 to 2015 were included.<b>Measurements and Main Results:</b> We collected demographics, clinical data, ECMO-related complications, and ICU- and 6 month-outcome data for 203 patients (median Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, 28 [25th-75th percentile, 20-33]; age, 51 [38-59] yr; Pa<sub>O<sub>2</sub></sub>/Fi<sub>O<sub>2</sub></sub>, 60 [50-82] mm Hg before ECMO) who fulfilled our inclusion criteria. Six-month survival was only 30%, with a respective median ECMO duration and ICU stay of 8 (5-14) and 25 (16-50) days. Patients with hematological malignancies had significantly poorer outcomes than others (log-rank <i>P</i> = 0.02). ECMO-related major bleeding, cannula infection, and ventilator-associated pneumonia were frequent (36%, 10%, and 50%, respectively). Multivariate analyses retained fewer than 30 days between immunodeficiency diagnosis and ECMO cannulation as being associated with lower 6-month mortality (odds ratio, 0.32 [95% confidence interval, 0.16-0.66]; <i>P</i> = 0.002), and lower platelet count, higher Pco<sub>2</sub>, age, and driving pressure as independent pre-ECMO predictors of 6-month mortality.<b>Conclusions:</b> Recently diagnosed immunodeficiency is associated with a much better prognosis in ECMO-treated severe ARDS. However, low 6-month survival of our large cohort of immunocompromised patients supports restricting ECMO to patients with realistic oncological/therapeutic prognoses, acceptable functional status, and few pre-ECMO mortality-risk factors.
Exploiting the Interplay between Innate and Adaptive Immunity to Improve Immunotherapeutic Strategies for Epstein-Barr-Virus-Driven Disorders (2012)

The recent demonstration that immunotherapeutic approaches may be clinically effective for cancer patients has renewed the interest for this strategy of intervention. In particular, clinical trials using adoptive T-cell therapies disclosed encouraging results, particularly in the context of Epstein-Barr-virus- (EBV-) related tumors. Nevertheless, the rate of complete clinical responses is still limited, thus stimulating the development of more effective therapeutic protocols. Considering the relevance of innate immunity in controlling both infections and cancers, innovative immunotherapeutic approaches should take into account also this compartment to improve clinical efficacy. Evidence accumulated so far indicates that innate immunity effectors, particularly NK cells, can be exploited with therapeutic purposes and new targets have been recently identified. We herein review the complex interactions between EBV and innate immunity and summarize the therapeutic strategies involving both adaptive and innate immune system, in the light of a fruitful integration between these immunotherapeutic modalities for a better control of EBV-driven tumors.
Fluctuating volume-current formulation of electromagnetic fluctuations in inhomogeneous media: Incandescence and luminescence in arbitrary geometries (2015)

We describe a fluctuating volume-current formulation of electromagnetic fluctuations that extends our recent work on heat exchange and Casimir interactions between arbitrarily shaped homogeneous bodies [A. W. Rodriguez, M. T. H. Reid, and S. G. Johnson, Phys. Rev. B 88, 054305 (2013)PRBMDO1098-012110.1103/PhysRevB.88.054305] to situations involving incandescence and luminescence problems, including thermal radiation, heat transfer, Casimir forces, spontaneous emission, fluorescence, and Raman scattering, in inhomogeneous media. Unlike previous scattering formulations based on field and/or surface unknowns, our work exploits powerful techniques from the volume-integral equation (VIE) method, in which electromagnetic scattering is described in terms of volumetric, current unknowns throughout the bodies. The resulting trace formulas (boxed equations) involve products of well-studied VIE matrices and describe power and momentum transfer between objects with spatially varying material properties and fluctuation characteristics. We demonstrate that thanks to the low-rank properties of the associated matrices, these formulas are susceptible to fast-trace computations based on iterative methods, making practical calculations tractable. We apply our techniques to study thermal radiation, heat transfer, and fluorescence in complicated geometries, checking our method against established techniques best suited for homogeneous bodies as well as applying it to obtain predictions of radiation from complex bodies with spatially varying permittivities and/or temperature profiles.
Trains of keypoints for 3D object recognition (2006)

This paper presents a 3D object recognition method that exploits the spatio-temporal coherence of image sequences to capture the object most relevant features. We start from an image sequence that describes the object’s visual appearance from different view points. We extract local features (SIFT) and track them over the sequence. The tracked interest points form trains of features that are used to build a vocabulary for the object. Training images are represented with respect to that vocabulary and an SVM classifier is trained to recognize the object. We present very promising results on a dataset of 11 objects. Tests are performed under varying illumination, scale, and scene clutter.
Microbicidal and cytotoxic properties of soluble components from quaternary aminoethyl-sephadex (1980)

Soluble material released during hydration and equilibration of a quaternary aminoethyl-Sephadex anion exchanger was found to be toxic for a variety of cell types. Among these were gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and a murine cell line. The material was also found to interfere with the spectrophotometric enzymatic determination of lysozyme.
Lower hair cortisol among patients with sickle cell disease may indicate decreased adrenal reserves. (2021)

Our findings suggest that individuals with higher hemoglobin S and ferritin, both markers of severe SCD, may have decreased cortisol levels. This is consistent with the relationship we observed between higher HCC among individuals who are on a chronic blood transfusion program, which typically increases quality of life. Our results suggest that hair cortisol may be an indicator in patients with SCD who could be at risk for developing adrenal insufficiency. We recommend that clinicians treating patients with SCD follow the Endocrine Society guidelines for testing for adrenal insufficiency and treat accordingly.
Building national public infrastructures on our way to a global inclusive infrastructure (2010)

Broadband technologies are rapidly becoming integral to education, commerce, employment, community participation, health and safety Yet there remain multiple barriers to effective and affordable access by people with disabilities, elder, or those with low literacy creating an increasing digital divide. There are assistive technologies that can provide access for some. However it is not available for all disabilities, not affordable by many, and lags mainstream developments and deployments. Even when the latest AT is close to the latest IT, few people have the latest version. The cost of keeping up with mainstream technologies reduces resources available for innovation in assistive technologies and new directions in broadband technologies will require an already strapped AT industry to retool and re-architect their products. We are moving to an ICT environment with a profusion of hardware models (desktop, laptop, netbook, smartphone, tablet, set top box, game systems, players), multiple operating systems (Windows, Mac, Linux, Chrome OS, iPhone, Android, Windows Mobile, Symbian, Maemo (Nokia), Bada (Samsung), WebOS, etc.), hundreds of software applications that embed another universe of widgets, plug-ins, and players, and a networked information environment that adheres to no standard and mutates far beyond the initial conception of the Web. Our current access technologies and infrastructure cannot handle this; the assistive technologies that now exist do not address all disabilities well, particularly cognitive, language, and learning disabilities, deaf-blindness and the mixed problems faced by elders; current assistive technologies often add, rather than reduce, complexity; finally, but importantly, people are not aware of what is possible, see it as complicated, and do not have any easy way to determine that there is something that can help them
Pose Estimation and Non-Rigid Registration for Augmented Reality During Neurosurgery (2021)

This work shows that we can provide coherent Augmented Reality visualization of 3D cortical vessels observed through the craniotomy using a single camera view and that cortical vessels provide strong features for performing both rigid and non-rigid registration.
The qEEG Signature of Selective NMDA NR2B Negative Allosteric Modulators; A Potential Translational Biomarker for Drug Development (2016)

The antidepressant activity of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor channel blocker, ketamine, has led to the investigation of negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) selective for the NR2B receptor subtype. The clinical development of NR2B NAMs would benefit from a translational pharmacodynamic biomarker that demonstrates brain penetration and functional inhibition of NR2B receptors in preclinical species and humans. Quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) is a translational measure that can be used to demonstrate pharmacodynamic effects across species. NMDA receptor channel blockers, such as ketamine and phencyclidine, increase the EEG gamma power band, which has been used as a pharmacodynamic biomarker in the development of NMDA receptor antagonists. However, detailed qEEG studies with ketamine or NR2B NAMs are lacking in nonhuman primates. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects on the qEEG power spectra of the NR2B NAMs traxoprodil (CP-101,606) and BMT-108908 in nonhuman primates, and to compare them to the NMDA receptor channel blockers, ketamine and lanicemine. Cynomolgus monkeys were surgically implanted with EEG radio-telemetry transmitters, and qEEG was measured after vehicle or drug administration. The relative power for a number of frequency bands was determined. Ketamine and lanicemine increased relative gamma power, whereas the NR2B NAMs traxoprodil and BMT-108908 had no effect. Robust decreases in beta power were elicited by ketamine, traxoprodil and BMT-108908; and these agents also produced decreases in alpha power and increases in delta power at the doses tested. These results suggest that measurement of power spectra in the beta and delta bands may represent a translational pharmacodynamic biomarker to demonstrate functional effects of NR2B NAMs. The results of these studies may help guide the selection of qEEG measures that can be incorporated into early clinical evaluation of NR2B NAMs in healthy humans.
Dual-phase IPT Track Primary Evaluation Using Normalized Coupling Factor (2019)

Inductive charging is becoming an attractive feature for electric vehicles. For the in-motion wireless charging of EVs, it is important to have a reliable and interoperable primary to ensure a steady performance of the system. However, due to the different inductance values caused by the various physical sizes of the primary topologies, the metric of coupling coefficient cannot always be consistent when evaluating a specific topology with benchmarks. In this paper, two improved coupling metrics are developed, and a bipolar track topology is proposed and evaluated against a previously published meander track topology using these two metrics. The comparison shows that the bipolar track has a similar performance with the meander track while presenting a smoother power profile.
Clinical applications of very high frequency ultrasound in ophthalmology (2004)

The eye is ideally suited for diagnostic imaging with very high frequency (&amp;gt;35 MHz) ultrasound (VHFU) because of its peripheral location and cystic structure. VHFU allows high resolution visualization of pathologies affecting the anterior segment of the eye, including tumors, cysts, foreign bodies, and corneal pathologies. We developed a series of prototype instruments suitable for ophthalmic studies using both polymer and lithium niobate transducers, with digitization of radiofrequency echo data at up to 500 MHz. While initially using linear scan geometries, we subsequently developed an arc-shaped scan matched to the curvature of the 0.5-mm-thick cornea to circumvent the effect of specular deflection of the ultrasound beam produced by the corneas curved surface. This technique allowed us to obtain data across the entire cornea and determination of the thickness of each corneal layer, including the epithelium (approximately 50 microns in thickness) and the surgically induced interface produced in LASIK, the most common form of refractive surgery. By scanning in a series of meridians, and applying optimized signal processing strategies (deconvolution, analytic signal envelope determination), corneal pachymetric maps representing the local thickness of each layer can be generated and aid in diagnosis of surgically induced defects or refractive abnormalities.
Detecting hydrolysis products of blister agents in water by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (2005)

Protecting the nation's drinking water from terrorism, requires microg/L detection of chemical agents and their hydrolysis products in less than 10 minutes. In an effort to aid military personnel and the public at large, we have been investigating the ability of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to detect microgram per liter (part-per-billion) concentrations of chemical agents in water. It is equally important to detect and distinguish the hydrolysis products of these agents to eliminate false-positive responses and evaluate the extent of an attack. Previously, we reported the SER spectra of GA, GB, VX and most of their hydrolysis products. Here we extend these studies to include the chemical agent sulfur-mustard, also known as HD, and its principle hydrolysis product thiodiglycol. We also report initial continuous measurements of thiodiglycol flowing through a SERS-active capillary.
DWDM achieved with thermal sources: a future-proof PON solution (2007)

We achieve the promise of semiconductor amplifiers (SOAs) to mitigate severe intensity noise of spectrum-sliced WDM, notwithstanding optical filtering at the receiver. Dense WDM capacity is demonstrated using a thermal source and a saturated SOA. (2 pages)
Effects of exoskeleton weight and inertia on human walking (2017)

Various leg exoskeletons have been designed for gait rehabilitation. The transparency of these exoskeletons is crucial to their effectiveness in gait training. The weight and inertia of an exoskeleton are two important factors affecting its transparency. In this study, using a light-weight leg exoskeleton C-ALEX, we conducted a series of experiments to explore the effect of exoskeleton weight and inertia on the natural walking of twelve healthy subjects. They walked in C-ALEX under three levels of mass added to the leg: (i) no added mass, (ii) 1.8 kg, and (iii) 3.6 kg, and three different setups of C-ALEX: (i) freewalking without C-ALEX, (ii) with C-ALEX, and (iii) with C-ALEX compensating for the weight of the added mass. The result shows that increasing exoskeleton mass increases step length, decreases step height, and reduces maximum knee flexion. After weight compensation, the step height, and the maximum knee flexion partially restored, but the step length did not, implying that the inertia is responsible for the change in step length. The study demonstrates that compensating for weight alone cannot eliminate the changes due to exoskeleton mass. On the other hand, reducing the overall mass of the exoskeleton can better preserve the natural gait of the subjects.
Underwater partial polarization signatures from the SHallow water Real-time IMaging Polarimeter (SHRIMP) (2005)

Research has shown that naturally occurring light outdoors and underwater is partially linearly polarized. The polarized component can be combined to form an image that describes the polarization of the light in the scene. This image is known as the degree of linear polarization image or partial polarization image. These naturally occurring polarization signatures can provide a diver or an unmanned underwater vehicle with more information to detect, classify and identify threats such as obstacles and/or mines in the shallow water environment. The SHallow water Real-time IMaging Polarimeter (SHRIMP), recently developed under sponsorship of Dr. Tom Swean at the Office of Naval research (Code 321OE), can measure underwater partial polarization imagery. This sensor is a passive, three-channel device that simultaneously measures the three components of the Stokes vector needed to determine the partial linear polarization of the scene. The testing of this vector has been completed and the data has been analyzed. This paper presents performance results from the field-testing and quantifies the gain provided by the partial polarization signature of targets in the very shallow water and surf zone regions.
Cataract Surgery Complications (2011)

Background: Intraoperative lidocaine is widely used in controlling discomfort during cataract surgery. However, recent studies have confirmed the toxic effect of lidocaine on ganglion cells. Ropivacaine is an anesthetic recently introduced in clinical practice that couples a long anesthetic effect with a mild vasoconstrictive action. Objective: The aim of this study was an in vitro evaluation of the efficacy of ropivacaine in reducing the degenerative effects usually observed during lidocaine treatment. Methods: Ropivacaine and lidocaine toxicity has been evaluated in murine fibroblasts 3T6 by measuring percentage of cell death, cell growth inhibition, and DNA degradation. The choice of this cellular line is motivated by the presence of a complete apoptotic system that can be assimilated to the endothelium precursor cells. Results: We observed that lidocaine 0.25% decreases cell viability and causes DNA degradation in murine fibroblasts 3T6, whereas ropivacaine 0.5% does not cause any cellular or molecular degenerative effect. Conclusions: Our in vitro studies confirm that ropivacaine is less toxic than lidocaine to these cells. Therefore, in vivo studies in the anterior chamber could be useful to evaluate the effects of ropivacaine versus lidocaine in intracameral anesthesia in cataract surgery.
High-Voltage Lithium-Ion Battery Using Substituted LiCoPO4: Electrochemical and Safety Performance of 1.2 Ah Pouch Cell (2020)

A LiCoPO<sub>4</sub>-based high-voltage lithium-ion battery was fabricated in the format of a 1.2 Ah pouch cell that exhibited a highly stable cycle life at a cut-off voltage of 4.9 V. The high-voltage stability was achieved using a Fe-Cr-Si multi-ion-substituted LiCoPO<sub>4</sub> cathode and lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide in 1-methyl-1-propylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfony)imide as the electrolyte. Due to the improved electrochemical stability at high voltage, the cell exhibited a stable capacity retention of 91% after 290 cycles without any gas evolution related to electrolyte decomposition at high voltage. In addition to improved cycling stability, the nominal 5 V LiCoPO<sub>4</sub> pouch cell also exhibited excellent safety performance during a nail penetration safety test compared with a state-of-the-art lithium ion battery. Meanwhile, the thermal stabilities of the 1.2 Ah pouch cell as well as the delithiated LiCoPO<sub>4</sub> were also studied by accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses and reported.
Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging for chronic liver disease (2021)

Chronic liver disease (CLD) has rapidly increased in prevalence over the past two decades, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Historically, the clinical gold standard for diagnosis, assessment of severity, and longitudinal monitoring of CLD has been liver biopsy with histological analysis, but this approach has limitations that may make it suboptimal for clinical and research settings. Magnetic resonance (MR)-based biomarkers can overcome the limitations by allowing accurate, precise, and quantitative assessment of key components of CLD without the risk of invasive procedures. This review briefly describes the limitations associated with liver biopsy and the need for non-invasive biomarkers. It then discusses the current state-of-the-art for MRI-based biomarkers of liver iron, fat, and fibrosis, and inflammation.
Role of Carbon Order in Structural Transformations and Hydrogen Evolution Induced by Reactive Ball Milling in Cyclohexene (2008)

Demineralized Summit (DS) anthracite, DS annealed at 1673 K, and graphite are used to explore the effect of precursor order on structural transformations and H2 evolution that result during reactive ball milling. Carbon structure was assessed before and after milling with temperature-programmed oxidation, X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet Raman spectroscopy, N2 adsorption, He density, and solvent swelling. Graphite milled in cyclohexene is primarily nanocrystalline graphite, with 8 wt % amorphous content leading to low-temperature oxidation, swelling, increased surface area, and mesoporosity. Milling the disordered DS leads to signs of increased sp2 clustering, increased cross-linking, a significant ultramicroporosity with pores less than 8 Å, and low-temperature H2 evolution. The carbon fraction of annealed DS behaves similarly to graphite in the mill.
Multiscale Researches on Lithium Ion and Lithium Metal Batteries (2022)

Research and development of Lithium Ion Battery (LIB) have been extensively performed based on material science and cell technology. In order to accelerate the development of LIB, a multi-scale researches have to be conducted under one roof. Here, several researches from nm scale to m scale on LIB were introduced to discuss an importance of multi-scale research. Then, the new platform for LIB development was proposed based on our several researches. (1) Interfacial analysis between cathode and electrolyte in LIB by using in-situ Fourier Transform Infrared method, (2) Preparation of LiFePO4 (LFP) with carbon coating, (3) Interfacial analysis on lithium metal anode for solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), (4) Preparation of 3 dimensionally ordered macroporous separator and its application to lithium metal battery, (5) Single particle measurement for evaluation of composite electrodes, (6) Failure mode analysis of LFP/Graphite cell.