gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 5.7mW/Gb/s 24-to-240&#x2126; 1.6Gb/s thin-oxide DDR transmitter with 1.9-to-7.6V/ns clock-feathering slew-rate control in 22nm CMOS (2013)

The signal integrity (SI) of double data rate (DDR) memory links is affected by signal reflections due to the multi-drop configuration of heavily loaded memory busses. Variable-impedance drivers, on-die termination (ODT), feed-forward equalization (FFE) and slew-rate (SR) control are typically implemented in DDR transmitters to address SI issues. In particular for multi-module, multi-rank configurations where speed throttling must be applied, SR control turns out to be most effective to combat reflections and crosstalk. Slewed signal edges reduce the spectral content above the bit rate frequency, whereas FFE dampens lower frequencies to compensate for channel loss, which may, however, be less of a problem at throttled data rates.
Direct Wafer Bonding Methods: A Practical Process Selection Guide (2020)

High temperature direct wafer bonding (~1000°C) is used for the manufacturing of various products since early 1990s. The development of low temperature wafer bonding methods (&lt; 400°C) in early 2000s increased significantly the adoption of direct bonding in semiconductor devices manufacturing as it allowed for bonding of wafers fully processed in CMOS technology. Additionally the revival of an older process: surface activated bonding, increased the number of process choice options. The main features of the various direct wafer bonding processes currently available are presented, with the goal to provide helpful knowledge allowing for direct wafer bonding process selection.
Plasma Etching Process Scalability and challenges for ULK Materials (2010)

International audience
A minimax near field design of broadband beamformers (2002)

A method to solve a general broadband beamformer design problem is formulated as a quadratic program. As a special ease, the minimax near field design problem of a broadband beamformer is solved as a quadratic programming formulation of the weighted Chebyshev approximation problem. An example is given that demonstrate the minimax near field behaviour of the beamformer designed. The method can also be applied to the design of multidimensional digital FIR filters with an arbitrarily specified amplitude and phase.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Non-Censored Rib Fracture Data from Dynamic Belt Loading Tests on the Human Cadaver Thorax (2005)

The purpose of this paper is to present data from dynamic belt loading tests on the thorax of human cadavers where the exact timing of all rib fractures is known. In order to generate non-censored rib fracture data, a total of 47 strain gages were placed throughout the thorax of two human cadavers (1 male, 1 female). In order to simulate thoracic loading from a severe car crash, a table-top belt loading device was developed that utilizes a servo-hydraulic test machine to apply a dynamic input. The belt load pulse was configured to result in 40% chest compression through a 150 ms load and unload cycle. Potentiometers and accelerometers measured the chest compression and acceleration at three locations, load cells in line with the belt provided belt loads, and load cells on the posterior side of the thorax measured the reaction loads. The time histories of each strain gage were analyzed to determine the time of fracture which could then be compared directly to the reaction loads and chest displacements at that exact time, thereby creating a non-censored data set. In both cadavers, all fractures (20 for female and 12 for male) occurred within the first 35% compression of the thorax. As a general trend, the first series of fractures were on the left side of the thorax where the belt passed over the abdomen. The peak strain at failure ranged from 1.1% to 2.5%. By utilizing this technique, the exact timing of an injury level can be characterized relative to the mechanical parameters. For example, using rib fractures as the parameter for AIS scores in the female test, it is shown that AIS 1 injury occurs at a chest compression of 21%, AIS 2 at 22%, AIS 3 at 24%, and AIS 4 at 34%.
ZFNGenome: A comprehensive resource for locating zinc finger nuclease target sites in model organisms (2011)

ZFNGenome provides a user-friendly interface that allows researchers to access resources and information regarding genomic target sites for engineered ZFNs in seven model organisms. This genome-wide database of potential ZFN target sites should greatly facilitate the utilization of ZFNs in both basic and clinical research.ZFNGenome is freely available at: http://bindr.gdcb.iastate.edu/ZFNGenome or at the Zinc Finger Consortium website: http://www.zincfingers.org/.
Structure changes inEr160from low to ultrahigh spin (2011)

A spectroscopic investigation of the $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ decays from excited states in $^{160}\mathrm{Er}$ has been performed in order to study the changing structural properties exhibited from low spin up toward ultrahigh spin ($I~60\ensuremath{\hbar}$). The nucleus $^{160}\mathrm{Er}$ was populated by the reaction $^{116}\mathrm{Cd}$($^{48}\mathrm{Ca}$,4$n$$\ensuremath{\gamma}$) at a beam energy of 215 MeV, and resulting $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ decays were studied using the Gammasphere spectrometer. New rotational structures and extensions to existing bands were observed, revealing a diverse range of quasiparticle configurations, which are discussed in terms of the cranked shell model. At spins around 50$\ensuremath{\hbar}$ there is evidence for oblate states close to the yrast line. Three rotational bands that have the characteristics of strongly deformed triaxial structures are observed, marking a return to collectivity at even higher spin. The high-spin data are interpreted within the framework of cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations.
Elemental Composition Determinations Using the Abundant Isotope (2019)

Elemental compositions are commonly determined from the exact m/z of the monoisotopic peak, which is often the lightest isotope. However, the lightest isotope peak is often weak or absent and the monoisotopic peak can be difficult to identify for organometallics, polyhalogenated compounds, or large molecules. An alternative approach using the abundant isotope for elemental composition determinations is presented here.
Virulence Characterization and Identification of Maize Lines Resistant to Puccinia sorghi Schwein. Present in the Argentine Corn Belt Region (2015)

Puccinia sorghi Schwein., the causal agent of maize common rust, is an endemic disease in the Argentine Corn Belt region. Virulence surveys of the pathogen population within the region have not been performed; thus, the understanding of the pathogen population is low and it is difficult to deploy resistance genes that could be effective at controlling the disease. In total, 58 single-uredinial isolates derived from infected maize leaves collected in different locations throughout the Argentine Corn Belt region during 2010 to 2012 were tested on a set of 25 maize lines carrying different Rp genes. Maize lines Rp3-A and PIO19802 showed the lowest virulence frequencies (3.4 and 1.7%, respectively) for all tested isolates. Moreover, the combination in a single genotype of the resistance genes carried by lines Rp3-A and PIO19802 or either of these lines combined with the resistance genes from PIO12345 would confer resistance to all isolates tested. Virulent isolates on maize lines Rp-G, Rp1-K, and Rp-GI were most frequent in 2012. Twenty-four virulence phenotypes were identified, with phenotypes TCCG (17.2%), TTBB (15.5%), and TCFG (10.3%) being the most common throughout the region. Adult plant resistance associated with hypersensitive response was identified at vegetative stage 6 in maize lines PIO68752, PIO28427, and PIO36420.
ThecagPathogenicity Island (2014)

This chapter focuses on the functions that are encoded by a 40-kb chromosomal region with the features of a pathogenicity island (PAI). The Helicobacter pylori PAI was originally named cytotoxin-associated gene (cag) since it was thought to be associated with expression of the vacuolating toxin (VacA). The module also forms the core of the left and right ends of an insertion sequence common in H. pylori, the IS605 element. One of the most exciting research areas in microbial pathogenesis over the past decade has been the exploration of type III secretion systems. The type IV secretion system can translocate virulence proteins into the host cells. The resulting protrusions on the cell surface (pedestals) somehow resemble the cup-like structures induced by H. pylori, although they are clearly different structures. Recent observations characterized the involvement of the cag PAI in phagocytosis of H. pylori. Mononuclear phagocytes were shown to engulf H. pylori within approximately 4 minutes, but the internalized bacteria were not killed if type I strains were used for the infection. Instead, H. pylori induced homotypic phagosome fusions leading to the formation of large vacuoles. The function of the cag (PAI) in H. pylori-associated disease has been the subject of controversy ever since its discovery in 1993. Clinical studies with different outcomes have been performed to test whether the presence of the cag PAI is connected with peptic ulcer disease or gastric cancer. Future approaches have to consider that the presence of the cagA gene alone is not equal to virulence.
555. Large-Scale, Flow-Based Electroporation To Deliver Engineered Zinc Finger Protein Nucleases That Mediate High-Efficiency Disruption of the Human CCR5 Gene (2006)

The identification of the chemokine receptor CCR5 as the major co-receptor required for HIV entry into CD4 T-cells has made the targeted disruption of CCR5 an attractive potential therapeutic approach for treating HIV-infected patients. Yet, no current method permits the efficient therapeutic disruption of a chosen gene in the human genome. We have developed designed zinc-finger protein nucleases (ZFNs) that specifically target the coding sequence of the CCR5 gene. Using standard delivery methods, we have shown these ZFNs can efficiently stimulate the formation of a double strand break (DSB) in the CCR5 locus to allow the natural DNA repair pathways, including Non-Homologous End Joining (NHEJ), to subsequently repair the DSB. Importantly, however, NHEJ is error prone and thus can result in frameshift mutations, leading to permanent disruption in >10% of K562 cells. To take this technology toward clinical application we sought a delivery mode that could transiently deliver the ZFNs to large numbers of primary human T-cells without disrupting their normal cellular functions. In this regard we tested the ability of a scalable, flow-based electroporation device to deliver the CCR5-ZFNs at high efficiency to K562 cells and primary human T-cells. This closed, sterile system allows for consistent delivery of the CCR5- ZFN expression plasmid to >1×10e9 cells. Initial experiments showed this approach could disrupt >20% of the CCR5 alleles in K562 cells and >5% in primary human T-cells. The frequency of gene disruption observed supports the examination of this approach as a possible method for the therapeutic modification of isolated patient cells to generate HIV-resistant T-cells. We will present data on the development of this approach in model systems and in primary human T-cells. I am a full-time employee of Sangamo BioSciences.
Anomalous Size Dependent Rheological Behavior of Alumina Based Nanofluids (2010)

Abstract Rheological behaviour of Alumina (Al2O3) based nanofluids (NFs) has been studied and found to be exhibit unexpected behaviour. Two base-fluids viz, water and ethylene glycols (EG). Three particle sizes (11, 45 and 150 nm), varying over an order of magnitude, were used to analyze the effect of particle size. The experimental data has shown typical Newtonian behavior for both W based and EG based alumina NFs The viscosity of EG based NFs is found to be anomalously reduced compared to the base fluid. This reduction in viscosity may be due to hygroscopic nature of EG or due to the presence of water in as-received high concentration sample also, as told by some researchers. However, this phenomenon was absent for water based NFs. The inter-related effects of particle size, concentration and mode of dispersion (mono or poly-dispersed) were investigated. To eliminate the effect of size variation, mono dispersed NFs are obtained by centrifuging and re-suspension of parent NFs. Particle migration under shear is attributed to the reduction of viscosity. The increase in bulk viscosity with particle size reduction is attributed to the surface forces acting between the particles and the medium in a suspension.
Reactions of coordinated ligands. XV. Demonstration of the kinetic coordination template effect (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of coordinated ligands. XV. Demonstration of the kinetic coordination template effectElliott L. Blinn and Daryle H. BuschCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1968, 7, 4, 820–824Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1968https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50062a041Request reuse permissionsArticle Views154Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (571 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Rapid Detection of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases (ESBL) and AmpC β-Lactamases in Enterobacterales: Development of a Screening Panel Using the MALDI-TOF MS-Based Direct-on-Target Microdroplet Growth Assay (2019)

<b>Introduction:</b> Antibiotic resistant bacteria are a growing concern worldwide. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) represent the most common resistance mechanism of Gram-negative bacteria against β-lactams, underlining the need for adequate diagnostic methods that provide reliable information in the shortest time possible. AmpC, a less prevalent but increasingly relevant class of β-lactamases, pose an additional challenge as their detection is complex. Here, we present an ESBL and AmpC screening panel employing the MALDI-TOF MS-based direct-on-target microdroplet growth assay (DOT-MGA). <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Four reference strains recommended by the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) were used to develop the panel, which was further validated on 50 clinical <i>Enterobacterales</i> isolates resistant to third generation cephalosporins. The panel relies on the synergistic effect between ESBL and/or AmpC β-lactamase inhibitors and cephalosporins, which indicates β-lactamase production. Microdroplets containing the tested microorganism, cephalosporins in different concentrations and inhibitors were pipetted onto an MBT Biotarget and incubated for 3 or 4 h at 35 ± 1°C. Afterward, the liquid medium was removed and the material adhered to the spots was analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS. Synergy was detected by determining and comparing the minimum inhibitory concentrations of the tested cephalosporins with and without β-lactamase inhibitors. Data were interpreted following a diagnostic algorithm proposed by EUCAST in order to establish a final diagnosis. In comparison, PCR, broth microdilution (BMD) and combination disk tests (CDT) were performed. <b>Results:</b> Compared to the PCR results, the following positive and negative percent agreement values (PPA/NPA) were obtained for each resistance mechanism: ESBL, 94.44/100%; AmpC, 94.44/93.75% and ESBL+AmpC, 100/100%. These results, obtained after 4 h of incubation, were comparable with those of BMD and showed a higher accuracy than CDT. <b>Discussion:</b> We propose a novel phenotypic method for detection of ESBL and AmpC β-lactamases in <i>Enterobacterales</i> that provides reliable results in a short time, representing a promising alternative to the diagnostic techniques currently available. This easy-to-perform approach has potential for being implemented in routine laboratories, contributing to the further diversification of mass spectrometry technology into other fields such as antibiotic resistance testing.
A Phase II international, multicenter study of oral panobinostat (LBH589) in patients with refractory cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (2008)

Background Panobinostat (LBH589) is a potent pan-deacetylase inhibitor (DACi) which has demonstrated activity in patients (pts) with CTCL in a Phase I study (Prince et al., ASCO 2007).
Experimental evidence of chaotic mixing at pore scale in 3D porous media (2017)

International audience
Perfluorocarbon−Hydrocarbon Self-Assembly:  First Crystalline Halogen-Bonded Complex Involving Bromoperfluoroalkanes (2003)

The N···Br halogen bonding effectively drives the intermolecular recognition between bromoperfluoroalkanes and nitrogen substituted hydrocarbons in the liquid and solid phases. The interaction is strong enough to control the self-assembly of N,N,N‘,N‘-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine and 1,8-dibromoperfluorooctane into a cocrystal that is solid and stable at room temperature in air. The first single-crystal X-ray structure of a complex containing bromomoperfluoroalkanes is reported. One-dimensional infinite chains are formed where the two modules alternate. The low affinity that perfluorocarbon derivatives have for hydrocarbon compounds controls the packing of these chains and leads to the formation of a cocrystal where perfluorocarbon and hydrocarbon layers alternate. Bromoperfluoroalkanes are thus new tectons for the formation of hybrid perfluorocarbon−hydrocarbon crystalline materials.
Chemically regulating Rh(i)-Bodipy photoredox switches (2014)

The ability of Rh(I) centers to undergo photoinduced electron transfer from discrete metal orbitals to Bodipy fluorophores is mediated through reversible coordination chemistry.
The BCSC-1 locus at chromosome 11q23-q24 is a candidate tumor suppressor gene (2003)

Frequent allelic loss at human chromosome 11q23-q24 occurs in a wide variety of cancers, suggesting that this region may harbor a tumor suppressor gene. By constructing a physical map of the LOH11CR2 minimal region of loss on 11q23-q24 associated with lung and breast carcinomas, we were able to clone a hereditary translocation, t(11;12)(q23;q24), in a patient with early-onset breast cancer and family history of cancer. The breakpoint was found within 6 kb of the BCSC-1 candidate tumor suppressor gene located in the LOH11CR2 region whereas additional loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analysis in breast and ovarian tumors, including that of the patient with the t(11;12)(q23;q24), implicated the BCSC-1 locus as the primary target of deletion. Northern analysis of the BCSC-1 mRNA revealed a lack of expression in 33 of 41 (80%) tumor cell lines, and its ectopic expression led to the suppression of colony formation in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo. These data suggest that BCSC-1 may exert a tumor suppressor activity and is a likely target of the LOH observed on 11q23-q24 in cancer.
Sonoelectrochemical Synthesis of Metallic Aluminum Nanoparticles (2009)

Abstract In this paper, we report for the first time on the room‐temperature preparation of metallic aluminum nanoparticles by the pulsed sonoelectrochemical method. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), high‐resolution scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy. TEM analysis shows that the prepared aluminum nanoparticles range from 10 to 20 nm in size. The XRD pattern confirms the formation of metallic aluminum nanoparticles. The results show that the sonoelectrochemical technique is a promising method for the fabrication of air‐sensitive metallic nanoparticles that have a high, negative reduction potential.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Apoptomirs: small molecules have gained the license to kill (2009)

Apoptosis is a tightly regulated form of cell death and represents an important process during normal development. In the past years, the scientific community has produced remarkable advances in our understanding of cancer biology, realizing that apoptosis and the genes that control it have a profound effect on the malignant phenotype. Recently, a new class of non-coding RNA genes, known as microRNA (miRNA or miR), have been demonstrated to play important roles in diverse biological processes, including development, cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. This suggests that other oncogenic mechanisms are needed to produce selective pressure to override apoptosis during multistage carcinogenesis. Intriguingly, since most cytotoxic anticancer agents induce apoptosis, it is possible that defects in apoptotic programs may contribute to treatment failure. Several studies strongly suggest a role for microRNAs in modulating sensitive/resistant phenotypes to cytotoxic therapy, calling for further investigation and validation of microRNA functions and targets in order to improve sensitivity to cancer treatments, thus ultimately improving prognosis and survival. Here, we review the current findings about microRNAs focusing on their involvement in the apoptotic process.
Noise-like pulse generation with coherence spike in all-fiber passively mode-locked Yb-doped fiber laser (2018)

We report a noise-like pulse generation with coherence spike from an all-fiber passively mode-locked Yb-doped fiber laser in all-normal dispersion region. It is implemented by using a fiber-pigtailed spectral bandpass filter. The output pulse duration of the noise-like pulse is achieved approximately 15.77 ps and its coherence spike pulse is measured to be 120 fs.
Power management architecture of the 2nd generation Intel® Core microarchitecture, formerly codenamed Sandy Bridge (2011)

This article consists of a collection of slides from the author's conference presentation on the special features, system design and architectures, processing capabilities, and targeted markets for Intel's Sandy Bridge, a power management architecture for the second generation of Intel's core microarchitecture.