gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Natural History of the Anteriorly Dislocated Total Hip Arthroplasty (2019)

Abstract Dislocation with instability is one of the most frequent causes of early failure and subsequent revision following primary total hip arthroplasty. However, anterior hip dislocation has been shown to be a relatively infrequent event and there are little data on outcomes of patients with these types of dislocation. The purpose of the current study was to assess the functional outcomes and survival of the prosthetic hip in patients who have sustained an anterior dislocation and to compare these results with a similar cohort of patients who have sustained a posterior dislocation. The charts and radiographs of patients sustaining an anterior dislocation following primary total hip arthroplasty were reviewed at an average of 7 years after the index procedure. Redislocation rate, revision status, and function as assessed by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Index of Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) were examined. These were compared with an age- and gender-matched cohort of patients who had sustained a posterior dislocation. Patients sustaining an anterior dislocation were found to have a mean acetabular anteversion of 36 degrees, compared with 25.6 degrees in patients who had sustained a posterior dislocation. However, this did not result in any difference in revision rate or WOMAC score at the time of follow-up. The current evidence shows us that a single-posterior dislocation does not preclude a satisfactory long-term outcome. Based on their data, the authors feel it would be appropriate to counsel patients that a single-anterior dislocation also does not preclude a satisfactory outcome.
Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation reduces collinear lateral inhibition in normal peripheral vision (2020)

Collinear flanking stimuli can reduce the detectability of a Gabor target presented in peripheral vision. This phenomenon is called collinear lateral inhibition and it may contribute to crowding in peripheral vision. Perceptual learning can reduce collinear lateral inhibition in peripheral vision, however intensive training is required. Our aim was to assess whether modulation of collinear lateral inhibition can be achieved within a short time-frame using a single 20-minute session of primary visual cortex anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS). Thirteen observers with normal vision performed a 2AFC contrast detection task with collinear flankers positioned at a distance of 2λ from the target (lateral inhibition) or 6λ (control condition). The stimuli were presented 6° to the left of a central cross and fixation was monitored with an infra-red eye tracker. Participants each completed two randomly sequenced, single-masked stimulation sessions; real anodal tDCS and sham tDCS. For the 2λ separation condition, a-tDCS induced a significant reduction in detection threshold (reduced lateral inhibition). Sham stimulation had no effect. No effects of a-tDCS were observed for the 6λ separation condition. This result lays the foundation for future work investigating whether a-tDCS may be useful as a visual rehabilitation tool for individuals with central vision loss who are reliant on peripheral vision.
Group Delay Measurements of Multicore Fibers with Correlation Optical Time Domain Reflectometry (2020)

Several multi-core fibers (MCF) were characterized using Correlation Optical Time Domain Reflectometry (C-OTDR) in terms of propagation delay and polarization mode dispersion (PMD). The results show that the propagation delay in the cores depends on the position of the core in the fiber and that the differential delay between the cores varies with temperature.
Enzyme Scaffolds with Hierarchically Defined Properties via 3D Jet Writing (2020)

The immobilization of enzymes into polymer hydrogels is a versatile approach to improve their stability and utility in biotechnological and biomedical applications. However, these systems typically show limited enzyme activity, due to unfavorable pore dimensions and low enzyme accessibility. Here, 3D jet writing of water-based bioinks, which contain preloaded enzymes, is used to prepare hydrogel scaffolds with well-defined, tessellated micropores. After 3D jet writing, the scaffolds are chemically modified via photopolymerization to ensure mechanical stability. Enzyme loading and activity in the hydrogel scaffolds is fully retained over 3 d. Important structural parameters of the scaffolds such as pore size, pore geometry, and wall diameter are controlled with micrometer resolution to avoid mass-transport limitations. It is demonstrated that scaffold pore sizes between 120 µm and 1 mm can be created by 3D jet writing approaching the length scales of free diffusion in the hydrogels substrates and resulting in high levels of enzyme activity (21.2% activity relative to free enzyme). With further work, a broad range of applications for enzyme-laden hydrogel scaffolds including diagnostics and enzymatic cascade reactions is anticipated.
Closed-Loop Wireless Power Transfer with Adaptive Waveform and Beamforming: Design, Prototype, and Experiment (2021)

In this paper, we design, prototype, and experiment a closed-loop radiative wireless power transfer (WPT) system with adaptive waveform and beamforming using limited feedback. Spatial and frequency domains are exploited by jointly utilizing multi-sine waveform and multi-antenna beamforming at the transmitter in WPT system to adapt to the multipath fading channel and boost the output dc power. A closed-loop architecture based on a codebook design and a low complexity over-the-air limited feedback using an IEEE 802.15.4 RF interface is proposed. The codebook consists of multiple codewords where each codeword represents particular waveform and beamforming. The transmitter sweeps through the codebook and then the receiver feeds back the index of the optimal codeword, so that the waveform and beamforming can be adapted to the multipath fading channel to maximize the output dc power without requiring explicit channel estimation and the knowledge of accurate Channel State Information. The proposed closed-loop WPT with adaptive waveform and beamforming using limited feedback is prototyped using a Software Defined Radio equipment and measured in a real indoor environment. The measurement results show that the proposed closed-loop WPT with adaptive waveform and beamforming can increase the output dc power by up to 14.7 dB compared with the conventional single-tone and single-antenna WPT system.
Supplemental Figure Legends from Guidance Molecule SEMA3A Restricts Tumor Growth by Differentially Regulating the Proliferation of Tumor-Associated Macrophages (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Legend for Supplemental Figures S1-S6.&lt;/p&gt;
Reply: Spermatogonia stem cell technology: a new avenue for all age Klinefelter patients (2021)

Sir, As the authors for the manuscript, ‘Age-related presence of spermatogonia in patients with Klinefelter syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis’, we would like to address the comments, from Winge and Almstrup’s letter (Winge and Almstrup, 2021). As correctly summarized by Winge and Almstrup, the primary endpoint of spermatogonial presence by binary age group was recalculated and found to be consistent with our original findings: that spermatogonia were found in 100%, 83%, 43% and 49% of the biopsies from patients with Klinefelter syndrome (KS) in the fetal/infantile, prepubertal, peripubertal/adolescent and adult groups, respectively. A secondary endpoint and a particular area of interest is the percentage of patients that were found to be spermatozoa negative and spermatogonia positive on biopsy. As mentioned in page 63 in the original manuscript, ‘Secondary analysis was conducted to examine patients with both spermatozoa and spermatogonia data present’. Therefore, studies or patients within studies...
SystemMatch: optimizing preclinical drug models to human clinical outcomes via generative latent-space matching (2022)

Translating the relevance of preclinical models ($\textit{in vitro}$, animal models, or organoids) to their relevance in humans presents an important challenge during drug development. The rising abundance of single-cell genomic data from human tumors and tissue offers a new opportunity to optimize model systems by their similarity to targeted human cell types in disease. In this work, we introduce SystemMatch to assess the fit of preclinical model systems to an $\textit{in sapiens}$ target population and to recommend experimental changes to further optimize these systems. We demonstrate this through an application to developing $\textit{in vitro}$ systems to model human tumor-derived suppressive macrophages. We show with held-out $\textit{in vivo}$ controls that our pipeline successfully ranks macrophage subpopulations by their biological similarity to the target population, and apply this analysis to rank a series of 18 $\textit{in vitro}$ macrophage systems perturbed with a variety of cytokine stimulations. We extend this analysis to predict the behavior of 66 $\textit{in silico}$ model systems generated using a perturbational autoencoder and apply a $k$-medoids approach to recommend a subset of these model systems for further experimental development in order to fully explore the space of possible perturbations. Through this use case, we demonstrate a novel approach to model system development to generate a system more similar to human biology.
New order selection technique using information criteria applied to SISO and MIMO systems predistortion (2013)

This paper presents a new order selection technique of matrix memory polynomial technique that models the nonlinearities of single-branch and multi-branch transmitters. The new criteria take into account the complexity of the model in addition to its mean-square error in the selection criteria. The quasi-convexity of the proposed criteria was proven in this work. By using this proposed Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) criteria, the model order selection was cast as a cost minimization problem. To minimize the criteria, modified gradient descent and simulated annealing algorithms were utilized which resulted in a considerable reduction in the number of search iterations. The performances of the criteria were shown by comparing the normalized mean square error (NMSE) of a higher-order model and the optimum model. It has been shown that the NMSE difference is &lt;0.5 dB, but the complexity is much smaller.
EIS: Measurement Model Program - Version 1.8 (2023)

This is version 1.8 of the measurement model, used to analyze electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data. The measurement model installation file works with the MS Windows operating system. With this program, you will be able to identify the stochastic error structure of your measurements, used to weight further regressions. You will be able to determine what part of your measurement is inconsistent with the Kramers-Kronig relations. You will be able to estimate capacitance and ohmic resistance, from which you can identify the characteristic frequency above which the geometry of the electrode may cause frequency dispersion. You will also be able to fit custom models to your data. The reference manual, reached from the Help Tab, also provides links to sample data, custom models, and Python code.Changes from the original version include bug fixes, the ability to add an image such as an electrical circuit to the description of custom models, and an improved way to save and upload error structure models,Copyright ©2023, University of Florida Research Foundation, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
New Route to the Ergoline Skeleton via Cyclization of 4-Unsubstituted Indoles (2013)

A new route to the ergoline skeleton has been developed that does not require prior functionalization of the indole 4-position. The indole nucleus is introduced late in the synthesis to allow for eventual efficient introduction of substituents in this region. Key steps include Negishi coupling of a three-carbon chain to a bromonicotinate ester, Fischer indole synthesis to facilitate incorporation of substituents via phenylhydrazines, and Pd-catalyzed cyclization to form the ergoline C ring.
Remote time-resolved filament-induced breakdown spectroscopy of biological materials (2006)

We report, for what we believe to be the first time, on the feasibility of remote time-resolved filament-induced breakdown spectroscopy (FIBS) of biological materials. The fluorescence from egg white and yeast powder, induced by femtosecond laser pulse filamentation in air, was detected in the backward direction with targets located 3.5 m away from the detection system. The remarkably distinct spectra of egg white and yeast allow us to propose that this technique, time-resolved FIBS, could be potentially useful for remote detection and identification of harmful biological agents.
A Full-Visible-Spectrum Invisibility Cloak for Mesoscopic Metal Wires (2018)

Structured metals can sustain a very large scattering cross-section that is induced by localized surface plasmons, which often has an adverse effect on their use as transparent electrodes in displays, touch screens, and smart windows due to an issue of low clarity. Here, we report a broadband optical cloaking strategy for the network of mesoscopic metal wires with submicrometer to micrometer diameters, which is exploited for manufacturing and application of high-clarity metal-wires-based transparent electrodes. We prepare electrospun Ag wires with 300-1800 nm in diameter and perform a facile surface oxidation process to form Ag/Ag<sub>2</sub>O core/shell heterogeneous structures. The absorptive Ag<sub>2</sub>O shell, together with the coating of a dielectric cover, leads to the cancellation of electric multipole moments in Ag wires, thereby drastically suppressing plasmon-mediated scattering over the full visible spectrum and rendering Ag wires to be invisible. Simultaneously with the effect of invisibility, the transmittance of Ag/Ag<sub>2</sub>O wires is significantly improved compared to bare Ag wires, despite the formation of an absorptive Ag<sub>2</sub>O shell. As an application example, we demonstrate that these invisible Ag wires serve as a high-clarity, high-transmittance, and high-speed defroster for automotive windshields.
In vivo observation of blood echogenicity variation during a cardiac cycle on human carotid arteries (2004)

A cyclic variation of blood echogenicity from human iliac arteries in vivo was first observed using an intravascular 30 MHz ultrasound imaging device. Several studies have confirmed the temporal variation of the backscattered power during a flow cycle but they were all from in vitro experiments. In this paper, cyclic variation of echogenicity in vivo on human carotid arteries (7 males and 3 females) was observed from harmonic images of a GE LOGIQ 700 expert system with an M12L probe. Blood echogenicity increased at early systole, reaching a maximum at peak systole, and then decreased to be weak during diastole. Echogenicity during systole was about 40 to 60 % higher than that during diastole for all radial positions. The ratio of the maximum echogenicity during systole to the mean echogenicity during diastole was small at the center and near the vessel wall, and became large between them. The cyclic variation of blood echogenicity is thought to be due to erythrocyte aggregation enhancement by the combined effects of flow acceleration and shear rate during systole.
Coverage Probability and Ergodic Capacity of Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Enhanced Communication Systems (2020)

This letter studies the performance of a single-input single-output (SISO) system enhanced by the assistance of an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS), which is equipped with a finite number of elements under Rayleigh fading channels. From the instantaneous channel capacity, we compute a closed-form expression of the coverage probability as a function of statistical channel information only. A scaling law of the coverage probability and the number of phase shifts is further obtained. The ergodic capacity is derived, then a simple upper bound to simplify matters of utilizing the symbolic functions and can be applied for a long period of time. Numerical results manifest the tightness and effectiveness of our closed-form expressions compared with Monte-Carlo simulations.
Closed form expression for thermal resistance of a FET structure (2009)

Radar systems frequently place high RF output power demands on power amplifiers. High power amplification leads to increased heat dissipation in the devices which, in turn, leads to increased operating temperature. Knowing the operating temperature of these devices is of great interest because it significantly affects both their reliability and performance. In fact, the accurate determination (within a few percent) of the junction temperature in FETs and MMICs is critical for reliability assessment. This paper presents an original closed-form expression for determination of the thermal resistance of an FET device. It is based on the thermal resistance of a cylinder between two ground planes and it covers a wide range of practical gate lengths, and substrate thicknesses. The approach provides an assessment of the junction temperature of the device which will be a benefit to MMIC designers, packaging engineers and system designers.
Cutting Edge: CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells Contribute to Gender Differences in Susceptibility to Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (2005)

Female B10.S mice are highly resistant to proteolipid protein (PLP) 139-151-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and depletion of PLP 139-151-reactive CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells can slightly increase their EAE susceptibility. Although male B10.S mice are moderately susceptible to EAE, we report that depletion of Treg cells in male B10.S mice before immunization with PLP 139-151 renders them highly susceptible to severe EAE with more CNS neutrophil infiltrates than nondepleted controls. Increased susceptibility is associated with an enhanced PLP 139-151-specific T cell response and greater production of IFN-gamma, IL-6, and IL-17. Male CD4+CD25- effector cells depleted of Treg cells proliferate to a greater degree than those from females in response to either anti-CD3 or PLP 139-151. These data suggest that because of their capacity to regulate potent autoaggressive effector cells, Treg cells partly contribute to the resistance to autoimmunity in the male mice.
Layout and spacer optimization for high-frequency low-noise performance in HBT's (2010)

In this work we study improvements of the high-frequency noise performance of HBT devices by means of layout and spacer optimization. Using an equivalent circuit, we identify the dominant noise sources and demonstrate that the reduction of the base-resistance induced thermal noise by means of dotted emitters in combination with lowering the edge contribution of the base-emitter capacitance (e.g. by emitter-base spacer optimization) translates into better noise performance.
Influence of the exposure concentration of dissolved cadmium on its organotropism, toxicokinetic and fate in Gammarus fossarum (2022)

Information on the relationship between the exposure concentrations of metals and their biodistribution among organs remained scarce in invertebrates. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Cd concentration on the organotropism, toxico-kinetic and fate of this metal in different organs of gammarids exposed to dissolved radioisotope <sup>109</sup>Cd. Gammarids male were exposed for 7 days to three environmental Cd concentrations (i.e. 4, 52 and 350 ng.L<sup>-1</sup>) before being placed in depuration conditions (i.e. uncontaminated water). At several sampling times, Cd concentrations were determined by <sup>109</sup>Cd γ-counting in water, caeca, cephalon, gills, intestine and remaining tissues. Bioconcentration Factors (BCF) and Cd relative proportions in organs were calculated to assess the exposure concentration effect on the bioaccumulation capacities. The dependance of the organ-specific kinetic parameters to Cd water concentrations were estimated by fitting nested one-compartment toxico-kinetic (TK) models to both the accumulation and depuration data, by Bayesian inference. Then, for each Cd concentrations, the metal exchanges among organs over time were formalized by a multi-compartments TK model fitted to all organ data simultaneously. Our results highlighted that, at the end of the exposure phase, BCF and Cd relative proportions, in each organ, were not significantly modulated by water concentrations. Kinetically, Cd accumulation rates in all organs (except intestines) were depended on the exposure concentration, but not the elimination rates. The in vivo management of Cd (i.e. metal exchanges among organs) remained qualitatively unchanged according to exposure concentration. All these results also highlighted key role of that organs in the management of Cd: bioconcentration by caeca, storage by gills and main entry pathway by intestine. This study shows the interest of implementing TK approaches to test the effect of environmental factors on bioaccumulation, inter-organ exchanges and fate of contaminants in invertebrate body to enhance the understanding of the toxicity risk.
Growing up programming (2009)

Young people interact with games, animations, and simulations all of the time. But few of them are able to create interactive media. The obstacle: traditional programming languages are too difficult to learn and understand. This panel brings together a group of researchers, developers, and educators who are aiming to democratize the activity of programming. They are developing a new generation of programming environments that enable children and teens to create their own interactive games, stories, animations, and simulations. Panelists will discuss and critique their programming environments, then set up interactive demonstration stations for focused exploration and small-group discussion. Audience members will also have the opportunity to download the environments onto their own laptops, so that they can experiment in greater depth.
Search for exclusive B decays to J and η or π0 with the L3 detector (1997)

A search for exclusive decays of Bd0 and Bs0 mesons has been performed in the channels Bd0 → Jη, Bs0 → Jη, Bd0 → Jπ0 and Bs0 → Jπ0. The data sample consisted of more than three and half million hadrozic Z decays collected by the L3 experiment at LEP from 1991 through 1995. No candidate events have been observed for any of the modes thus determining upper limits at 90% confidence level: 3.2 × 10−4 on Br(Bd0 → Jπ0) and the first experimental limits: Br(Bd0 → Jη) < 1.2 × 10−3, Br(Bs0 → Jη) < 3.8 × 10−3, Br(Bs0 → Jπ0) < 1.2 × 10−3.
The oxygen effect and fractionated radiotherapy (2009)

The response of cells to ionizing radiation is strongly dependent upon oxygen (Gray et al., 1953; Wright and Howard-Flanders, 1957). This is illustrated in Fig. 15.1 for mammalian cells irradiated in culture. Cell surviving fraction is shown as a function of radiation dose administered either under normal aerated conditions or under hypoxia, which can generally be achieved by flowing nitrogen gas over the surface of the cell suspensions for a period of 30 min or more. The enhancement of radiation damage by oxygen is dose-modifying (i.e. the radiation dose that gives a particular level of cell survival is reduced by approximately the same factor at all levels of survival). This allows us to calculate an oxygen enhancement ratio (OER):for the same level of biological effect. For most cell types, the OER for X-rays is around 3.0. However, some studies suggest that at radiation doses ofFigure 15.1 Survival curves for cultured mammalian cells exposed to X-rays under oxic or hypoxic conditions, illustrating the radiation dose-modifying effect of oxygen. Note that the broken lines extrapolate back to the same point on the survival axis (n 6). OER, oxygen enhancement ratio.