gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Project title: Advanced Materials and Devices for Low Cost and High Performance Organic Photovoltaic Cells (2008)

Exciton harvesting is of fundamental importance for the efficient operation of organic photovoltaic devices. The quantum efficiencies of many organic and hybrid organicinorganic devices are still limited by low exciton harvesting efficiencies. This problem is most apparent in planar heterostructures that suffer from a direct tradeoff between light absorption and exciton harvesting. One approach to overcome small diffusion lengths is the use of triplet excitons. We have an ongoing project investigating pentacene/C60 solar cells to determine if triplets are the dominant exciton species following photoexcitation. Simulations of exciton harvesting suggest that excitons in pentacene are triplets. These triplets are likely formed by an exciton fission route which further has implications for beating the Shockley-Queisser limit and experiments are ongoing to verify this. In addition to using triplets to harvest excitons over long distances, we have developed a new scheme using long range resonant energy transfer to harvest singlet excitons over 25 nm away from the donor-acceptor interface in organic solar cells using resonant energy transfer. These results represent dramatic improvements over our previous findings and show that this scheme holds promise for the future design of highly efficient organic photovoltaics. We present theory and experiment demonstrating a scheme to harvest singlet excitons over 25 nm away from a donor-acceptor interface using resonant energy transfer. Improvement in materials choice could yield effective diffusion lengths as large as 40 nm using long-range transfer, while minimizing the energy loss to less than 0.1 eV making this a promising approach for developing highly efficient organic photovoltaics. Finally, we have successfully synthesized several new low-band gap polymers. Several of these polymers have bandgap of 1.7 eV or lower. Evaluation of the performance of these new materials is underway.
Compatibility of Proximal Functionality with the Manganese Triacetate Oxidation of Hindered Enones in Podocarpane-Like Systems (1989)

Abstract The scope of the manganese triacetate oxidation of enones to α′-acetoxyenones was examined using various 18, 19-desmethylpodocarp-13-en-12-ones: the process will not accommodate hydroxyl or ketone functionality elsewhere in the substrate but will accomodate ester, ether, and acetal functionality provided that it does not sterically block the oxidation site.
A Practical Variation on the Paal-Knorr Pyrrole Synthesis (2002)

International audience
Specificity analysis of mouse mono4 surface antigens of human renal ca (differentiation antigens/immunopathology/adenosine deaminase bin (2016)

Six mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) de- fining separate systems of cell surface antigens of cultured hu- man renal cancer were tested for reactivity with normal fetal and adult tissues and with neoplastic tissues. Five of the mAbs identified glycoproteins of Mr 160,000 (designated S4), Mr 140,000 (F23), Mr 120,000 (S23 and S27), and Mr 115,000 (S22). The glycoprotein component of Mr 120,000 has been shown recently to be the adenosine deaminase binding protein (ADA-BP) and mAbS23 and mAbS27 define two distinct epi- topes on ADA-BP. S22 was not detected on any normal fetal or adult tissues but was found on a subset of renal cancers. S4, F23, S23, and S27 defined distinct domains of the nephron: glomerulus' (S4), proximal tubules (S4, F23, S23, and S27), and portions of Henle's loop (S23 and $27). mAbS4 also react- ed with the interstitial matrix in the renal medulla and of other tissues, and mAbF23 reacted with fetal and adult fibroblasts. The S23 epitope of ADA-BP was expressed by placental tro- phoblasts and epithelial cells of breast, prostate, lung, and co- lon, whereas the S27 epitope was detected on a more limited range of cell types (trophoblasts and prostate epithelium). A panel of 20 renal cell carcinomas was typed for expression of these antigens; 7 phenotypes could be distinguished, with the
Data harmony and standards: data must be processed, described and stored by uniform means (2019)

A lot of genetic data and clinical data is easily generated from measurement instruments. It is important, however, to decide in good time how and in which format the raw data is stored and how the postprocessed data is classified and described, the measurement event included.
Lysosomal Sialidase (Neuraminidase-1) Is Targeted to the Cell Surface in a Multiprotein Complex That Facilitates Elastic Fiber Assembly (2005)

We have established previously that the 67-kDa elastin-binding protein (EBP), identical to the spliced variant of beta-galactosidase, acts as a recyclable chaperone that facilitates secretion of tropoelastin. (Hinek, A., Keeley, F. W., and Callahan, J. W. (1995) Exp. Cell Res. 220, 312-324). We now demonstrate that EBP also forms a cell surface-targeted molecular complex with protective protein/cathepsin A and sialidase (neuraminidase-1), and provide evidence that this sialidase activity is a prerequisite for the subsequent release of tropoelastin. We found that treatment with sialidase inhibitors repressed assembly of elastic fibers in cultures of human skin fibroblasts, aortic smooth muscle cells, and ear cartilage chondrocytes and caused impaired elastogenesis in developing chick embryos. Fibroblasts derived from patients with congenital sialidosis (primary deficiency of neuraminidase-1) and galactosialidosis (secondary deficiency of neuraminidase-1) demonstrated impaired elastogenesis, which could be reversed after their transduction with neuraminidase-1 cDNA or after treatment with bacterial sialidase, which has a similar substrate specificity to human neuraminidase-1. We postulate that neuraminidase-1 catalyzes removal of the terminal sialic acids from carbohydrate chains of microfibrillar glycoproteins and other adjacent matrix glycoconjugates, unmasking their penultimate galactosugars. In turn, the exposed galactosugars interact with the galectin domain of EBP, thereby inducing the release of transported tropoelastin molecules and facilitating their subsequent assembly into elastic fibers.
IGLANCE project: free-viewpoint 3D TV (2009)

The iGLANCE project aims at researching the methods of receiving and rendering of free-view 3D-TV sequences. We describe the ongoing iGLANCE project and introduce the iGLANCE decoding and rendering system. It consists of free viewpoint video interpolation and coding. One of the key components of this system is view interpolation and its related challenges. There are two main application fields within iGLANCE: consumer and medical systems. In this article we discuss an example use case for a medical application that illustrates the need for the research and development in the iGLANCE framework.
Rhinocerebral Mucormycosis (1988)

Magnetic resonance (MR) examinations of three patients with rhinocerebral mucormycosis are reviewed. The clinical course is outlined and the MR characteristics are analyzed in light of the known pathology. The major MR findings include sinus and orbital disease followed by deep facial extension. Involvement of basal portions of the hemispheres, brain stem, and hypothalamus occurred rapidly following ipsilateral facial or orbital invasion in all three cases. Regions of intracerebral inflammation were hyperintense compared with normal parenchyma on T2-weighted and proton density-weighted images. Septic cavernous sinus and internal carotid artery thrombosis was diagnosed by MR in one case. Magnetic resonance demonstrated partial resolution of intracerebral abnormalities that accompanied clinical improvement in the one surviving patient.
Abstract 730: Targeting colchicine binding site in tubulin for the treatment of advanced melanoma (2010)

Abstract Inhibition of tubulin dynamics has been a fruitful drug target for cancer treatment. Out the three ligand binding sites in tubulin, drugs targeting taxane binding site (e.g. taxol and epithilones) and vinca alkaloids binding site (e.g. vinblastine) are clinically very successful drugs. However, no FDA-approved cancer drugs targeting the colchicine binding site in tubulin currently exist. In our ongoing efforts to search for effective drugs for the treatment of advanced melanoma that are highly resistant to all existing cancer treatment, we have discovered a new class of compounds that are not substrates of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and are highly efficacious against human melanoma tumors in A375 xenograft models. At relatively low doses (5∼15 mg/kg), these compounds inhibit melanoma tumor growth more effectively than DTIC (the gold standard drug for advanced melanoma) at 60 mg/kg. Extensive biological and molecular modeling studies suggest that these compounds work by competitively binding to the colchicine site in tubulin. Further optimization of these compounds hold great promise in providing an effective agent for the treatment of advanced melanoma. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 730.
Supplementary Methods, Figure Legends, Table 1 from Activation of <i>SOX2</i> Expression by BRD4-NUT Oncogenic Fusion Drives Neoplastic Transformation in NUT Midline Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 122KB, Supplementary Table S1. Real-time PCR primers used in this study.&lt;/p&gt;
RF Pulse Generator Based on a Nonlinear Hybrid Line (2014)

A nonlinear lumped element transmission line (NLETL) that comprises an LC-ladder network where either the capacitors or inductors are nonlinear is used to convert an input rectangular pulse to a series of RF pulses at the output. This paper describes the implementation and demonstration of a high-voltage nonlinear hybrid line (NLHL) where both the line components (inductors and capacitors) are nonlinear. Lines with only one nonlinear component have been described in numerous publications in simulation and experiment whereas an NLHL has been described in only a few papers in simulation. There is no report about NLHL being tested to-date according to the best of our knowledge. We have built and tested an NLHL using commercial-off-the-shelf components. Instead of using complex pulse forming networks or pulse forming lines, a storage capacitor and a fast semiconductor switch are used to provide an input pulse with good approximation of a rectangular pulse shape. The experimental results are compared with simulations predicted by the in-house developed nonlinear lumped element transmission line (NLETL) circuit model. Analyses on the voltage modulation and frequency content of the output pulses are carried out. The conditions for producing RF pulses in NLHL and its performance are discussed.
Recycled Glass Polypropylene Composites from Transportation Manufacturing Waste (2023)

In recent years there has been growing interest in developing recycling technologies for composites manufacturing scrap, process waste and end-of-life parts. The focus of this work was to establish processing routes and mechanical property bounds for glass-polypropylene (PP-GF) scrap from the production of parts for truck trailers, automobiles, and rail cars. This study considered PP-GF scrap and demonstrated extrusion-compression molding (ECM) as a viable route for the closed-loop manufacture of composite parts. The results were promising in terms of the strength and modulus retention of the PP-GF recyclate. The tensile strength and modulus was the highest for 50% and 66% recycled content, compared with 100% and 83% recycle content. The flexural strength and modulus of the 100% and 83% recycled compositions was higher than the 66% and 50% recycled content, respectively. The impact energy absorption of the PP-GF recyclate at at all fiber loadings was superior in absorbing energy compared with the incumbent (benchmark) plywood. This work is useful to designers seeking to incorporate recycled materials in their products.
Apical topography and modulation of ICAM-1 expression on activated endothelium. (1995)

Leukocyte-endothelium interactions and general inflammatory responses are contributed by the regulated expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on endothelium. It is now shown by confocal fluorescence microscopy and immunogold transmission electron microscopy that ICAM-1 was exclusively localized on the apical (luminal) membrane of cytokine-activated human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In contrast, other cell adhesion-promoting molecules, including beta 1 integrins, were expressed exclusively on the basolateral endothelial cell membrane, under the same experimental conditions. Kinetic binding studies of a 125I-labeled monoclonal antibody to ICAM-1 revealed that approximately 8% of membrane ICAM-1 on cytokine-activated endothelium was internalized in both coated and non-coated vesicles at 37 degrees C, with a t1/2 of approximately 18 min and a rate of approximately 3200 molecules/minute. This internalization pathway was directly dependent upon the level of ICAM-1 expression on the cell surface. Genetically engineered ICAM-1 transfectants, expressing a 10-fold higher receptor density than activated endothelium, internalized approximately 18% of membrane ICAM-1 at a rate of 75,000 molecules/minute with a t1/2 of approximately 22 min. These findings suggest that a combined pathway of polarized membrane topography and receptor trafficking may regulate ICAM-1-dependent adhesion at the site of vascular injury and endothelial cell activation.
Using a three dimensional model of the pediatric skull for pre-operative planning in the treatment of craniosynostosis - biomed 2009. (2009)

Spring mediated cranioplasty and cranial vault reconstruction are two surgical interventions for the treatment of craniosynostosis. The purpose of this study was to examine the use of three-dimensional models in pre-operative planning for these procedures. The methods for this study included the creation of the model and the integration of the model into pre-surgical planning. The patients in this study all received a pre-surgical computed tomography scan as part of the standard pre-operative procedure. The first step in model creation involved processing this image data. From the CT scans, using an automated thresholding command in an image analysis software, the bones of the cranial vault were isolated. Once the identification of the bone was complete a CAD file of the anatomy was created. Then, this geometry was imported into the pre-processing software of the three dimensional printer. The model was printed and hardened using cyanoacrylate. After the model was complete, it was used by the plastic surgery department in their pre-surgical planning. One of the primary uses for this model during the planning process was as a template for pre-bending the springs used in spring cranioplasty. The advantage of this technique was that the surgical procedure was less invasive since less of the skull had to be exposed. Additionally, the force characteristics of the spring could be better quantified. Based on the addition of this pre-surgical planning tool, the plastic surgeons have noted a shorter procedure time and a less invasive approach.
Investigating the Individual Performances of Coupled Superconducting Transmon Qubits (2023)

The strong requirement for high-performing quantum computing led to intensive research on novel quantum platforms in the last decades. The circuital nature of Josephson-based quantum superconducting systems powerfully supports massive circuital freedom, which allowed for the implementation of a wide range of qubit designs, and an easy interface with the quantum processing unit. However, this unavoidably introduces a coupling with the environment, and thus to extra decoherence sources. Moreover, at the time of writing, control and readout protocols mainly use analogue microwave electronics, which limit the otherwise reasonable scalability in superconducting quantum circuits. Within the future perspective to improve scalability by integrating novel control energy-efficient superconducting electronics at the quantum stage in a multi-chip module, we report on an all-microwave characterization of a planar two-transmon qubits device, which involves state-of-the-art control pulses optimization. We demonstrate that the single-qubit average gate fidelity is mainly limited by the gate pulse duration and the quality of the optimization, and thus does not preclude the integration in novel hybrid quantum-classical superconducting devices.
Aperiodic sinusoidal fringes in comparison to phase-shifted sinusoidal fringes for high-speed three-dimensional shape measurement (2015)

In order to optically reconstruct the three-dimensional (3-D) surface shape of moving objects or deformation processes, aside from high-speed cameras, high-speed projectors and/or short projection sequences are necessary. One approach is to project a series of aperiodic sinusoidal fringes, e.g., by using an array projector that can achieve frame rates of several 10 kHz. So far, we have demonstrated the fundamental functionality of a 3-D sensor based on this projection technique. Now the measurement principle itself is to be compared with phase-shifting fringe projection as probably the most widely used technique. Theoretical considerations as well as experimental investigations are conducted to derive criteria for the design of optimal sequences of aperiodic sinusoidal fringes and to compare the number of patterns of both approaches necessary for comparable accuracies.
Morphological Variations in ECG During Music-Induced Change in Consciousness (1997)

In these experiments, the state of mind was changed using music to a group of subjects susceptable to aesthetic appreciation, a phenomena alternatively known as musicogenic epilepsy. The change in EEG is characterized by large number of spikes, symtomatic to epilepsy, along with a change in the background EEG. The fractal dimen.yion of EEG was found to reduce during epoch period. It was also noted that, morphological changes in ECG occur during some part of the epoch period. This change is characterized b;y the increase in height of the QRS complex and considrable reduction in the height of T-wave; indeed the latter gradually vanishes and appears again slowly. The heart rate variability (HRV) analysis of the epoch and nonepoch periods show increased height of the second peak (0.05-0.15 Hz) as well as higher ratio of the second to third peak (0.18 - 0.45 WZ) possibly suggesting mild sympathetic burst on the autonomic system (ANS). Pole-tracking algorithm, using linearization method, shows that the poles move considerably arround their initial positions during epoch period where as the movement of poles are very little d.uring nonepoch.
A multi-encoder variational autoencoder controls multiple transformational features in single-cell image analysis (2022)

Image-based cell phenotyping relies on quantitative measurements as encoded representations of cells; however, defining suitable representations that capture complex imaging features is challenged by the lack of robust methods to segment cells, identify subcellular compartments, and extract relevant features. Variational autoencoder (VAE) approaches produce encouraging results by mapping an image to a representative descriptor, and outperform classical hand-crafted features for morphology, intensity, and texture at differentiating data. Although VAEs show promising results for capturing morphological and organizational features in tissue, single cell image analyses based on VAEs often fail to identify biologically informative features due to uninformative technical variation. Here we propose a multi-encoder VAE (ME-VAE) in single cell image analysis using transformed images as a self-supervised signal to extract transform-invariant biologically meaningful features, including emergent features not obvious from prior knowledge. We show that the proposed architecture improves analysis by making distinct cell populations more separable compared to traditional and recent extensions of VAE architectures and intensity measurements by enhancing phenotypic differences between cells and by improving correlations to other analytic modalities. Better feature extraction and image analysis methods enabled by the ME-VAE will advance our understanding of complex cell biology and enable discoveries previously hidden behind image complexity ultimately improving medical outcomes and drug discovery.
Combination Antifungal Therapy for Invasive Aspergillosis (2004)

Randomized trials are warranted to determine whether this combination should be used as primary therapy for aspergillosis.
Ultra-High Extinction Ratio and Low Cross Talk Characteristics of 4-Array Integrated SOA Module with Compact-Packaging Technologies (2011)

We developed a compact 4-array integrated SOA module using a novel parallel optical coupling scheme and polarization-insensitive built-in array isolators. We achieved ultra-high On/Off extinction ratio of more than 60 dB and low cross talk of better than −60 dB as well as high-isolation of over 47 dB in wide wavelength range.
Formation Mechanism of a Rounded SiGe-Etch-Front in an Isotropic Dry SiGe Etch Process for Gate-All-Around (GAA)-FETs (2021)

We investigated the formation mechanism of a rounded SiGe-etch-front (rounding), which causes low yield in GAA-FET manufacturing. The dependence on time of isotropic SiGe etching using NF3 plasma indicated that rounding was formed in the initial stage of the etch. The STEM-EDX results indicated that a Ge-containing surface layer, which was created in anisotropic patterning before isotropic etching, likely induced the rounding. The rounding amount was reduced by 33% using an improved anisotropic etch process.
Hybrid Biopolymer and Lipid Nanoparticles with Improved Transfection Efficacy for mRNA (2020)

Hybrid nanoparticles from lipidic and polymeric components were assembled to serve as vehicles for the transfection of messenger RNA (mRNA) using different portions of the cationic lipid DOTAP (1,2-Dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane) and the cationic biopolymer protamine as model systems. Two different sequential assembly approaches in comparison with a direct single-step protocol were applied, and molecular organization in correlation with biological activity of the resulting nanoparticle systems was investigated. Differences in the structure of the nanoparticles were revealed by thorough physicochemical characterization including small angle neutron scattering (SANS), small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). All hybrid systems, combining lipid and polymer, displayed significantly increased transfection in comparison to lipid/mRNA and polymer/mRNA particles alone. For the hybrid nanoparticles, characteristic differences regarding the internal organization, release characteristics, and activity were determined depending on the assembly route. The systems with the highest transfection efficacy were characterized by a heterogenous internal organization, accompanied by facilitated release. Such a system could be best obtained by the single step protocol, starting with a lipid and polymer mixture for nanoparticle formation.
AutoQML: Automated Quantum Machine Learning for Wi-Fi Integrated Sensing and Communications (2022)

Commercial Wi-Fi devices can be used for integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) to jointly exchange data and monitor indoor environment. In this paper, we investigate a proof-of-concept approach using automated quantum machine learning (AutoQML) framework called AutoAnsatz to recognize human gesture. We address how to efficiently design quantum circuits to configure quantum neural networks (QNN). The effectiveness of AutoQML is validated by an in-house experiment for human pose recognition, achieving state-of-the-art performance greater than 80% accuracy for a limited data size with a significantly small number of trainable parameters.