gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Test Plan for the overburden removal demonstration (1993)

The removal of soil overburdens from contaminated pits and trenches involves using equipment that will remove a small layer of soil from 3 to 6 in. at any time. As a layer of soil is removed, overburden characterization techniques perform surveys to a depth that exceeds each overburden removal layer to ensure that the removed soil will be free of contamination. It is generally expected that no contamination will be found in the soil overburden, which was brought in after the waste was put in place. It is anticipated that some containers in the waste zone have lost their integrity, and the waste leakage from those containers has migrated by gravity downward into the waste zone. To maintain a safe work environment, this method of overburden removal should allow safe preparation of a pit or trench for final remediation. To demonstrate the soil overburden techniques, the Buried Waste Integrated Demonstration Program has contracted vendor services to provide equipment and techniques demonstrating soil overburden removal technology. The demonstration will include tests that will evaluate equipment performance and techniques for removal of overburden soil, control of contamination spread, and dust control. To evaluate the performance of these techniques, air particulate samples, physical measurements of the excavation soil cuts, maneuverability measurements, and time versus volume (rate) of soil removal data will be collected during removal operations. To provide a medium for sample evaluation, the overburden will be spiked at specific locations and depths with rare earth tracers. This test plan will be describe the objectives of the demonstration, data quality objectives, methods to be used to operate the equipment and use the techniques in the test area, and methods to be used in collecting data during the demonstration.
[Catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation]. (2004)

the left isthmus line is feasible and safe and when performed in addition to pulmonary veins isolation can contribute to an increased success rate.
The polymerisation of oligo(ethylene glycol methyl ether) methacrylate from a multifunctional poly(ethylene imine) derived amide: a stabiliser for the synthesis and dispersion of magnetite nanoparticles (2013)

A facile synthetic route to poly(ethylene imine)-graft-poly(oligo(ethylene glycol methyl ether)) (PEI-graft-POEGMA) functionalised superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles is described. The polymerisation of OEGMA from a model molecular amide demonstrated the feasibility of POEGMA synthesis under mild ATRP conditions (20 °C in ethanol) albeit with low initiator efficiencies. DFT studies suggest that the amide functionality is intrinsically of lower activity than ester functional monomers and initiators for atom transfer polymerisation (ATRP) as a consequence of higher bond dissociation energies and bond dissociation free energies (BDFE). However these studies further highlighted that use of an appropriate solvent could reduce the free energy of dissociation thereby reducing the relative difference in BDFE between the ester and amide groups. A commercial branched PEI sample was functionalised by reaction with 2-bromo-2-methylpropanoyl bromide giving an amide macroinitiator suitable for the atom transfer radical polymerisation (ATRP) of oligo(ethylene glycol methyl ether) methacrylate. The resulting PEI-graft-POEGMA copolymers were characterised by SEC, FT-IR and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. PEI-graft-POEGMA coated magnetite nanoparticles were synthesised by a basic aqueous co-precipitation method and were characterised by transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and vibrating sample magnetometry and dynamic light scattering. These copolymer coated magnetite nanoparticles were demonstrated to be effectively stabilised in an aqueous medium. Overall the particle sizes and magnetic and physical properties of the coated samples were similar to those of uncoated samples.
Extracorporeal photochemotherapy: indications, methodology, safety aspects, side effects and long-term results. (1989)

Indications de la PUVA therapie extracorporelle (hematodermie, leucemie lymphoide chronique, malades autoimmunes) et protocole therapeutique
Genetic determinants of human hypertension. (1995)

Hypertension is a common trait of multifactorial determination imparting an increased risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and end-stage renal disease. The primary determinants of hypertension, as well as the factors which determine specific morbid sequelae, remain unknown in the vast majority of subjects. Knowledge that a large fraction of the interindividual variation in this trait is genetically determined motivates the application of genetic approaches to the identification of these primary determinants. Success in this effort will afford insights into pathophysiology, permit preclinical identification of subjects with specific inherited susceptibility, and provide opportunities to tailor therapy to specific underlying abnormalities. To date, mutations in three genes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of human hypertension: mutations resulting in ectopic expression of aldosterone synthase enzymatic activity cause a mendelian form of hypertension known as glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism; mutations in the beta subunit of the amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel cause constitutive activation of this channel and the mendelian form of hypertension known as Liddle syndrome; finally, common variants at the angiotensinogen locus have been implicated in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension in Caucasian subjects, although the nature of the functional variants and their mechanism of action remain uncertain. These early findings demonstrate the feasibility and utility of the application of genetic analysis to dissection of this trait.
Metanephrines for Evaluating Palpitations and Flushing (2017)

A 29-year-old woman with chronic paroxysmal palpitations, flushing, paleness, and diaphoresis had a blood pressure of 112/74 mm Hg, a heart rate of 82 beats/min, normal physical examination, and normal plasma metanephrines with elevated normetanephrines. How do you interpret the results?
Extending planar device roadmap beyond node 20nm through ultra thin body technology (2011)

There is consensus in the IC industry that fully depleted devices will be the solution to the increasing challenges of device scaling towards nodes 20nm and 15nm. Fully depleted (FD) devices with undoped channels eliminate the threshold voltage VT variability due to random dopant fluctuation (RDF) reducing the overall VT variability by over 60%. For a given power supply FD devices have superior short channel behavior, exhibit significant lower leakage Ioff compared to bulk devices. These FD advantages enable an efficient power-perfomance-area (ppa) optimization at lowest VDD (e.g. ~0.6V) which is not possible with a bulk device architecture without a significant performance and area penalty. FD devices can be planar or FinFETs. In both cases SOI substrates enable an industrial architecture of ultra thin body (UTB) devices. Planar UTB devices offer the benefits of FD behavior in conjunction with an evolutionary IC design approach but require a highly uniform SOI UTB layer. UTSOI is an industrially mature SOI substrate technology that offers a highly uniform SOI thickness layer with ±0.5nm (7 sigma) thickness uniformity. Smart Cut technology is here offering its unique advantages in integrating a thin BOX layer thru wafer bonding, while accessing atom level uniformities thru hydrogen implantation. Furthermore, SOI thickness and buried oxide (BOX) thickness are decoupled parameters and can be tuned to meet the requirements of any IC sub-32nm CMOS technology. UTSOI substrates can be produced in large volumes in existing multiple sources, then, FDSOI devices are able to offer the option of merging G and LP technology in a cost effective platform for a wide range of applications.
Multi-node cooperative resource allocation to improve coverage area in wireless networks (2005)

It is of great importance for service providers to improve the coverage area without cost of more infrastructure in wireless networks especially in rural areas. Recently, cooperative communication has brought a new communication paradigm. In this paper, multi-node cooperative resource allocation is studied to schedule the transmission time slots so as to maximize the network overall rate (or the coverage area) under the quality of services constraints. To optimize the performance, first, the performance of the multi-node cooperative transmission is analyzed. Then a protocol is constructed between the mobiles and the base station for the resource allocation. From the simulation results, the proposed scheme can increase the user's rate by 5% for large cell sizes and improve the coverage by 180%, compared with the traditional scheme without cooperative transmission
The use of GnRH analogs for induction of the preovulatory gonadotropin surge in assisted reproduction and prevention of the ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (1995)

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) remains a potential severe complication of the use of gonadotropin therapy in ovulation induction and assisted reproduction technologies. In 1988, we reported preliminary results which demonstrated the ability of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRH-a) to trigger ovulation, and to prevent subsequent OHSS. In this report, we summarize our experience of 73 treatment cycles involving 44 high responders (i.e. patients with a previous history of severe OHSS, or with high estradiol levels (> 13 200 pmol/l) on the day of triggering the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge).In spite of the high estradiol levels (mean 24 202 pmol/l) and the large number of oocytes (mean 32.4), none of our patients developed severe OHSS. Luteal support with progesterone and estradiol valerate was necessary to maintain adequate serum levels of these hormones. Without such support, a precipitous decline in levels of estradiol and progesterone was observed. We believe that the use of GnRH-a instead of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) for the induction of ovulation allows for safe ovarian stimulation without exposing the patient to the risk of OHSS.
Evaluation of a 3D lesion segmentation algorithm on DBT and breast CT images (2010)

Recently, tomosynthesis (DBT) and CT (BCT) have been developed for breast imaging. Since each modality produces a fundamentally different representation of the breast volume, our goal was to investigate whether a 3D segmentation algorithm for breast masses could be applied to both DBT and breast BCT images. A secondary goal of this study was to investigate a simplified method for comparing manual outlines to a computer segmentation. The seeded mass lesion segmentation algorithm is based on maximizing the radial gradient index (RGI) along a constrained region contour. In DBT, the constraint function was a prolate spherical Gaussian, with a larger FWHM along the depth direction where the resolution is low, while it was a spherical Gaussian for BCT. For DBT, manual lesion outlines were obtained in the in-focus plane of the lesion, which was used to compute the overlap ratio with the computer segmentation. For BCT, lesions were manually outlined in three orthogonal planes, and the average overlap ratio from the three planes was computed. In DBT, 81% of all lesions were segmented at an overlap ratio of 0.4 or higher, based on manual outlines in one slice through the lesion center. In BCT, 93% of all segmentations achieved an average overlap ratio of 0.4, based on the manual outlines in three orthogonal planes. Our results indicate mass lesions in both BCT and DBT images can be segmented with the proposed 3D segmentation algorithm, by selecting an appropriate set of parameters and after images have undergone specific pre-processing.
Development of Liposome Encapsulated Hemoglobin (LEH) and Studies of Hemorrhagic Shock by Use of Imaging Studies with Oxygen-15 and Other Radiotracers (2004)

Liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin is under development by our group as an artificial oxygen carrier for use in combat casualty resuscitation. Encapsulating hemoglobin inside a protective lipid membrane, which mimics a red blood cell, has the advantages of decreasing the toxicity of the free hemoglobin, increasing its circulation time, and permitting the co-encapsulation of hemoglobin protectants to prevent conversion of oxyhemoglobin to met-hemoglobin. We have recently developed a LEH formulation with an increased hemoglobin concentration as well as improved biological tolerability. Our group has developed several novel methods of assessing the circulation and efficacy of LEH formulations through the use of radiotracers and small animal imaging. These tracer studies are based on the physiologic imaging techniques of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) that are currently used in clinical nuclear medicine. Recently, small animal imaging systems have been developed that have very high resolution which permits the imaging of small animals. These imaging techniques provide a very powerful assessment of quantitative regional physiology by non-invasive imaging. 1.0 NEED FOR ARTIFICIAL OXYGEN CARRIERS It is well documented and generally recognized that the demand for red blood cells as transfusable oxygen carriers cannot always be met under the current blood donation system, especially during natural disaster and war [Kaufman 1991; Tomasulo 1995]. A readily available oxygen transporting volume expander that does not require cross matching and which could be given within 5-10 minutes after the start of an acute traumatic hemorrhage could save many lives [Winslow 2000; Stowell 2001; Winslow 2002]. Obviously, this combined oxygen transporting volume expander would be particularly valuable to the military.
Genotype, soil type, and locale effects on reciprocal transplant vigor, endophyte growth, and microbial functional diversity of a narrow sagebrush hybrid zone in Salt Creek Canyon, Utah (2007)

When addressing the nature of ecological adaptation and environmental factors limiting population ranges and contributing to speciation, it is important to consider not only the plant's genotype and its response to the environment, but also any close interactions that it has with other organisms, specifically, symbiotic microorganisms. To investigate this, soils and seedlings were reciprocally transplanted into common gardens of the big sagebrush hybrid zone in Salt Creek Canyon, Utah, to determine location and edaphic effects on the fitness of parental and hybrid plants. Endophytic symbionts and functional microbial diversity of indigenous and transplanted soils and sagebrush plants were also examined. Strong selection occurred against the parental genotypes in the middle hybrid zone garden in middle hybrid zone soil; F(1) hybrids had the highest fitness under these conditions. Neither of the parental genotypes had superior fitness in their indigenous soils and habitats; rather F(1) hybrids with the nonindigenous maternal parent were superiorly fit. Significant garden-by-soil type interactions indicate adaptation of both plant and soil microorganisms to their indigenous soils and habitats, most notably in the middle hybrid zone garden in middle hybrid zone soil. Contrasting performances of F(1) hybrids suggest asymmetrical gene flow with mountain, rather than basin, big sagebrush acting as the maternal parent. We showed that the microbial community impacted the performance of parental and hybrid plants in different soils, likely limiting the ranges of the different genotypes.
Effect of endotoxin on the production of colony‐stimulating factor by human monocytes and macrophages (1974)

Abstract Colony‐stimulating factor (CSF) is necessary for the clonal growth of human bone marrow in vitro. Human blood monocytes and macrophages produce CSF. Endotoxin was found to increase the level of CSF generated by macrophages, but had no stimulatory effect on monocytes. Several other substances known to influence the pinocytic or phagocytic activity of mononuclear phagocytes failed to enhance cellular CSF generation.
Funiculosin variants and phosphorylated derivatives promote innate immune responses via the Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor-2 complex (2017)

The Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor-2 (MD-2) complex is essential for LPS recognition and induces innate immune responses against Gram-negative bacteria. As activation of TLR4/MD-2 is also critical for the induction of adaptive immune responses, TLR4/MD-2 agonists have been developed as vaccine adjuvants, but their efficacy has not yet been ascertained. Here, we demonstrate that a funiculosin (FNC) variant, FNC-RED, and FNC-RED and FNC derivatives are agonists for both murine and human TLR4/MD-2. FNC-RED induced nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation via murine TLR4/MD-2, whereas FNC had no TLR4/MD-2 stimulatory activity. Biacore analysis revealed that FNC-RED binds to murine TLR4/MD-2 but not murine radioprotective 105 (RP105)/myeloid differentiation factor-1 (MD-1), another LPS sensor. FNC-RED induced CD14-independent expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines and co-stimulatory molecules in murine macrophages and dendritic cells. In contrast, FNC-RED stimulation was reduced in CD14-dependent LPS responses, including dimerization and internalization of TLR4/MD-2 and IFN-β expression. FNC-RED-induced IL-12p40 production from murine dendritic cells was dependent on NF-κB but not MAPK pathway. In addition, fetal bovine serum augmented lipid A-induced NF-κB activation but blocked FNC-RED-mediated responses. Two synthetic phosphate group-containing FNC-RED and FNC derivatives, FNC-RED-P01 and FNC-P01, respectively, activated human TLR4/MD-2, unlike FNC-RED. Finally, computational analysis revealed that this species-specific activation by FNC-RED and FNC-RED-P01 resulted from differences in electrostatic surface potentials between murine and human TLR4/MD-2. We conclude that FNC-RED and its synthetic derivative represent a novel category of murine and human TLR4/MD-2 agonist.
Drug-Eluting Coronary-Artery Stents (2013)

Percutaneous coronary intervention is one of the most frequently performed therapeutic procedures in medicine. This review provides an overview of currently available devices, summarizes randomized evidence, and outlines clinical indications for use.
A Measurement of the Angular Power Spectrum of the CMB Temperature Anisotropy from the 2003 Flight of BOOMERANG (2006)

We report on observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) obtained during the 2003 January flight of BOOMERANG. These results are derived from 195 hr of observation with four 145 GHz polarization-sensitive bolometer (PSB) pairs, identical in design to the four 143 GHz Planck High Frequency Instrument (HFI) polarized pixels. The data include 75 hr of observations distributed over 1.84% of the sky with an additional 120 hr concentrated on the central portion of the field, which represents 0.22% of the full sky. From these data we derive an estimate of the angular power spectrum of temperature fluctuations of the CMB in 24 bands over the multipole range 50 ≤ l ≤ 1500. A series of features, consistent with those expected from acoustic oscillations in the primordial photon-baryon fluid, are clearly evident in the power spectrum, as is the exponential damping of power on scales smaller than the photon mean free path at the epoch of last scattering (l gtrsim 900). As a consistency check, the collaboration has performed two fully independent analyses of the time-ordered data, which are found to be in excellent agreement.
Treatment with a cholecystokinin receptor antagonist, proglumide, improves efficacy of immune checkpoint antibodies in hepatocellular carcinoma (2022)

Supplemental data
Supplementary Methods from Comparison of Human and Rat Uterine Leiomyomata: Identification of a Dysregulated Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Pathway (2023)

Supplementary Methods from Comparison of Human and Rat Uterine Leiomyomata: Identification of a Dysregulated Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Pathway
Coincidence, Categorization, and Consolidation: Learning to Recognize\n Sounds with Minimal Supervision (2019)

Humans do not acquire perceptual abilities in the way we train machines.\nWhile machine learning algorithms typically operate on large collections of\nrandomly-chosen, explicitly-labeled examples, human acquisition relies more\nheavily on multimodal unsupervised learning (as infants) and active learning\n(as children). With this motivation, we present a learning framework for sound\nrepresentation and recognition that combines (i) a self-supervised objective\nbased on a general notion of unimodal and cross-modal coincidence, (ii) a\nclustering objective that reflects our need to impose categorical structure on\nour experiences, and (iii) a cluster-based active learning procedure that\nsolicits targeted weak supervision to consolidate categories into relevant\nsemantic classes. By training a combined sound\nembedding/clustering/classification network according to these criteria, we\nachieve a new state-of-the-art unsupervised audio representation and\ndemonstrate up to a 20-fold reduction in the number of labels required to reach\na desired classification performance.\n
Myelination and excitation-inhibition balance synergistically shape structure-function coupling across the human cortex (2022)

ABSTRACT Recent work has demonstrated that the relationship between structural and functional connectivity varies regionally across the human brain, with reduced coupling emerging along the sensory-association cortical hierarchy. The biological underpinnings driving this expression, however, remain largely unknown. Here, we postulated that intracortical myelination and excitation-inhibition (EI) balance mediate the heterogeneous expression of structure-function coupling (SFC) and its temporal variance across the cortical hierarchy. We employed atlas-and voxel-based connectivity approaches to analyze neuroimaging data acquired from two groups of healthy participants. Our findings were consistent across processing pipelines: 1) increased myelination and lower EI-ratio associated with more rigid SFC and restricted moment-to-moment SFC fluctuations; 2) a gradual shift from EI-ratio to myelination as the principal predictor of SFC occurred when traversing from granular to agranular cortical regions. Collectively, our work delivers a novel framework to conceptualize structure-function relationships in the human brain, paving the way for an improved understanding of how demyelination and/or EI-imbalances induce reorganization in brain disorders.
Substituted 3-phenylsulfonylquinazoline-2,4-dione derivatives as novel nonpeptide inhibitors of human heart chymase. (2000)

A series of 3-phenylsulfonylquinazoline-2,4-dione derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated for their ability to inhibit human heart chymase. The structure-activity relationship studies on these compounds gave the following results. The phenyl moiety of quinazoline participates in a hydrophobic interaction where an optimum size is required. In this moiety, 7-chloroquinazoline is the best moiety for inhibiting chymase, chymotrypsin and cathepsin G. A 3-phenylsulfonyl moiety substituted with hydrophobic electron-withdrawing groups at the 4-position potentiated the activity. Anthranil moiety also enhanced the activity. Pyridylmethyl and N-pyridylacetamide at the 1-position gave an IC50 in the order of 10(-8)M. Molecular modeling studies on the interaction of 7-chloro-3-(4-chlorophenylsulfonyl) quinazoline-2,4(1H, 3H)-dione (4) with the active site of human heart chymase suggested that the phenyl moiety of quinazoline interacts with the hydrophobic P1 pocket, the 3-phenylsulfonyl moiety resides in the S1'-S2' subsites, the moiety at the 1-position locates in the S2-S3 subsites and the 4-carbonyl and 3-sulfonyl group interact with the oxyanion hole and the His57 side-chain of chymase, respectively.