gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Green strength enhancement in BIIR/Olefin copolymer compounds (2006)

Abstract Improved green strength of halobutyl at elevated temperatures was obtained via blending with semicrystalline polymers. For such improvement, a judicious selection of olefin copolymers, such as ethylene–propylene, ethylene–butene, or ethylene–octene copolymers, as blend components has to be made. Green strength enhancement was found to increase with increasing compatibility between bromobutyl (BIIR) and the olefin copolymer. Increased compatibility may be estimated by chain dimension similarity in a dilute solution between polyisobutylene and the olefin copolymer. For the most compatible olefin copolymer examined, a propylene elastomer, a phase percolation threshold was found at 0.13 volume fraction of the copolymer. This threshold value is lower than the theoretical limit of 0.156 for spherical phase domains. Based on the morphological examination by tapping phase AFM, it was found that this propylene elastomer crystallizes around the carbon black filler agglomerates to form nonspherical and high‐aspect‐ratio dispersed phases. Its phase anisotropy may contribute to its lower phase percolation threshold in BIIR compounds. Model innerliner compounds of BIIR containing 10–20 phr of such a propylene elastomer in place of natural rubber were shown to have excellent room‐temperature and improved elevated‐temperature green strengths, good aging resistance, and excellent impermeability without significant increases in relaxation time. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 4447–4459, 2006
Λ+c production in pp collisions at $$ \sqrt{s}=7 $$ TeV and in p-Pb collisions at $$ \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02 $$ TeV (2018)

A bstract The p T -differential production cross section of prompt Λ c + charmed baryons was measured with the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in pp collisions at $$ \sqrt{s}=7 $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:msqrt> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>7</mml:mn> </mml:math> TeV and in p-Pb collisions at $$ \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02 $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msqrt> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:msqrt> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>5.02</mml:mn> </mml:math> TeV at midrapidity. The Λ c + and $$ {\overline{\varLambda}}_{\overline{\mathrm{c}}} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>Λ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo> </mml:mover> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>c</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:msub> </mml:math> were reconstructed in the hadronic decay modes Λ c + → pK − π + , Λ c + → pK S 0 and in the semileptonic channel Λ c + → e + ν e Λ (and charge conjugates). The measured values of the Λ c + /D 0 ratio, which is sensitive to the c-quark hadronisation mechanism, and in particular to the production of baryons, are presented and are larger than those measured previously in different colliding systems, centre-of-mass energies, rapidity and p T intervals, where the Λ c + production process may differ. The results are compared with the expectations obtained from perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics calculations and Monte Carlo event generators. Neither perturbative QCD calculations nor Monte Carlo models reproduce the data, indicating that the fragmentation of heavy-flavour baryons is not well understood. The first measurement at the LHC of the Λ c + nuclear modification factor, R pPb , is also presented. The R pPb is found to be consistent with unity and with that of D mesons within the uncertainties, and consistent with a theoretical calculation that includes cold nuclear matter effects and a calculation that includes charm quark interactions with a deconfined medium.
Visual Correspondence Hallucination (2021)

Given a pair of partially overlapping source and target images and a keypoint in the source image, the keypoint's correspondent in the target image can be either visible, occluded or outside the field of view. Local feature matching methods are only able to identify the correspondent's location when it is visible, while humans can also hallucinate its location when it is occluded or outside the field of view through geometric reasoning. In this paper, we bridge this gap by training a network to output a peaked probability distribution over the correspondent's location, regardless of this correspondent being visible, occluded, or outside the field of view. We experimentally demonstrate that this network is indeed able to hallucinate correspondences on pairs of images captured in scenes that were not seen at training-time. We also apply this network to an absolute camera pose estimation problem and find it is significantly more robust than state-of-the-art local feature matching-based competitors.
Smooth Muscle Cells Isolated From Discrete Compartments of the Mature Vascular Media Exhibit Unique Phenotypes and Distinct Growth Capabilities (1997)

Heterogeneity of smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotype and function is rapidly emerging as an important concept. We have recently described that phenotypically distinct SMC subpopulations in bovine pulmonary arteries exhibit unique proliferative and matrix-producing responses to hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. To provide better understanding of the molecular mechanisms contributing to this phenomenon, experimental studies will require a reliable in vitro model. The purpose of the present study was first to determine if distinct SMC subpopulations, similar to those observed in vivo, could be selectively isolated from the mature arterial media, and then to evaluate whether select SMC subpopulations would exhibit heightened responses to growth-promoting stimuli and hypoxia. We were able to reproducibly isolate at least four phenotypically unique cell subpopulations from the inner, middle, and outer compartments of the arterial media. Differences in cell phenotype were demonstrated by morphological appearance and differential expression of muscle-specific proteins. The isolated cell subpopulations exhibited markedly different growth capabilities. Two SMC subpopulations grew slowly in 10% serum and were quiescent in plasma-based medium. The other two cell subpopulations, exhibiting nonmuscle characteristics, grew rapidly in 10% serum and proliferated in plasma-based medium and in response to hypoxia. Certain colonies of the nonmuscle-like cell subpopulations were found to grow autonomously under serum-deprived conditions and to secrete mitogenic factors. Our data, demonstrating that phenotypically distinct cells with enhanced growth potential exist within the normal arterial media, support the idea that these unique cells could contribute selectively to the pathogenesis of vascular disease.
Electrical Measurement Of Submicrometer Contact Holes (1988)

A special technique to electrically measure submicrometer isolated features is described. By incorporating a large number of features in a single test structure, a gain in precision better than 3 nm can be achieved. The interpreted contact hole diameter as well as the area of the isolated features were found to be very accurate. The special test pattern, an analytic expression for interpretation of the results, and hole size data from a variety of exposure dosages are included.
Quantifying the sensitivity of the network structure and properties from simultaneous measurements during photopolymerization (2017)

We present a method that combines experimental and computational approaches to assess a comprehensive set of structural and functional evolution during a network formation process via photopolymerization. Our work uses the simultaneous measurement of the degree of conversion, polymerization stress, the change in reaction temperature, and shrinkage strain in situ. These measurements are combined with the theory of viscoelastic materials to deduce the relaxation time and frequency-dependent modulus of the polymerizing network. The relaxation time and degree of conversion are used to demonstrate the effect of processing parameters (e.g. curing protocol adjusted by the light intensity) in creating different network structures for the same initial resin. We describe experimental trends using effective medium calculations on a cross-linked polymer network model. In particular, we show that the effect of curing conditions on the spatial heterogeneity in crosslink density can be quantified using multiparametric measurements and modeling. Collectively, the present method is a way to examine holistically the complex structural and functional evolution of the network formation process.
Mechanism of Cryopolymerization: Diffusion-Controlled Polymerization in a Nonfrozen Microphase. An NMR Study (2009)

Polymerization of dimethylacrylamide (DMAAm) cross-linked with PEG diacrylate was studied using 1H NMR both in situ in a semifrozen system and in a supercooled aqueous system. The amount of nonfrozen microphase, in which polymerization proceeds, is defined by the concentration of the starting monomers and the freezing temperature, which depends on the depression in freezing temperature caused by dissolved osmolytes. However, despite there being identical initial concentrations in the nonfrozen microphase, at a chosen temperature of −10 °C the cryopolymerization proceeded at different rates depending on the size of the nonfrozen microphase. Further studies of the conditions in the nonfrozen microphase were performed by using pulsed gradient spin echo (PGSE) to study the self-diffusion of solutes. Observations regarding the reaction rate were rationalized in terms of different degrees of long-range diffusion which was seen using PGSE. Cryopolymerization resulted in decreasing osmolyte concentration, and hence in gradual freezing of excess water as defined by the depression in freezing point caused by the remaining monomers. The NMR data provide a way of rationale predicting the effect of the monomer concentrations and freezing temperatures on the amount of nonfrozen microphase and its polymer concentration. These parameters define cryogel properties such as mechanical strength and porosity, which are evaluated using SEM and as flow resistance of cryogels.
Comparative Characterization of Porcine Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Bone Marrow Extract and Skin Tissues (2010)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer a great promise for regenerative medicine. Present study compared the characterization of porcine MSCs (pMSCs) derived from bone marrow extract with adult ear and fetal skin-derived cells on morphology, cell growth, alkaline phosphatase activity, proliferation ability, expression of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers (CD29, 45, and 90), cell cycle, protein and mRNA levels of Oct-4, Sox-2, and Nanog, and lineage differentiation ability. Skin-derived cells exhibited alkaline phosphatase activity and differentiation ability like pMSCs. pMSCs possessed a longer doubling time than skin-derived cells, and there was no difference in the ratio of G0/G1 phase between pMSCs and skin-derived cells. Except for CD29 and 90, all cells were found negative for CD45. Protein and mRNA expression of Oct-4, Sox-2 and Nanog were observed with similar intensity in all cells. Taken together, pMSCs and skin-derived cells revealed similar characteristics, and suggested the possible supportive role of skin-derived cells with MSCs for the regeneration of damaged tissues in cell-based therapies.
Structural Characterization of Self-Assembled Multilayers by FTIR (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructural Characterization of Self-Assembled Multilayers by FTIRStacey F. Bent, Marcia L. Schilling, William L. Wilson, Howard E. Katz, and A. L. HarrisCite this: Chem. Mater. 1994, 6, 2, 122–126Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00038a006https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00038a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views275Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Neutron diffraction analysis on a possible disordered structure of paraelectric rochelle salt (1990)

Abstract Neutron diffraction refinement of paraelectric structure of deuterated Rochelle salt at 40 °C and −195 °C was performed. Existence of large anisotropic thermal motions suggests a possibility of disordered structure with small atomic shifts. Split atom method was applied and a disordered structure model for the paraelectric phase was proposed. Phase transition based on this model was discussed.
New inhibitors of ABCG2 identified by high-throughput screening (2007)

In order to identify novel inhibitors of the ATP-binding cassette transporter, ABCG2, a high-throughput assay measuring the accumulation of the ABCG2 substrate pheophorbide a in ABCG2-overexpressing NCI-H460 MX20 cells was used to screen libraries of compounds. Out of a library of 7,325 natural products and synthetic compounds from the National Cancer Institute/Developmental Therapeutics Program collection, 18 were found to inhibit ABCG2 at 10 micromol/L. After eliminating flavonoids and compounds of limited availability from the 18 original compounds, 10 of the 11 remaining compounds reversed mitoxantrone resistance in NCI-H460/MX20 cells and prevented ABCG2-mediated BODIPY-prazosin transport in ABCG2-transfected HEK293 cells, confirming an interaction with ABCG2. Based on the activity profiles and the availability of materials, five inhibitors were examined for their ability to compete with [(125)I]iodoarylazidoprazosin labeling of ABCG2, increase binding of the anti-ABCG2 antibody 5D3, and prevent P-glycoprotein or multidrug resistance protein 1-mediated transport. At a concentration of 20 micromol/L, all of the compounds reduced iodoarylazidoprazosin labeling by 50% to 80% compared with controls. All five compounds also increased 5D3 labeling of ABCG2, indicating that these compounds are inhibitors but not substrates of ABCG2. None of the compounds affected P-glycoprotein-mediated rhodamine 123 transport, whereas three affected multidrug resistance protein-1-mediated calcein transport at 25 mumol/L, suggesting that the compounds are relatively specific for ABCG2. These five novel inhibitors of ABCG2 activity may provide a basis for further investigation of ABCG2 function and its relevance in multidrug resistance.
Learning Bayesian Networks From Dependency Networks: A Preliminary Study (2003)

In this paper we describe how to learn Bayesian networks from a summary of complete data in the form of a dependency network rather than from data directly. This method allows us to gain the advantages of both representations: scalable algorithms for learning dependency networks and convenient inference with Bayesian networks. Our approach is to use a dependency network as an &amp;quot;oracle&amp;quot; for the statistics needed to learn a Bayesian network. We show that the general problem is NP-hard and develop a greedy search algorithm. We conduct a preliminary experimental evaluation and find that the prediction accuracy of the Bayesian networks constructed from our algorithm almost equals that of Bayesian networks learned directly from the data.
A new polymorphic probe on chromosome 3p: λLIB15–44 (D3S596) (1991)

A new polymorphic probe on chromosome 3p: λLIB15–44 (D3S596) Get access F. Latif, F. Latif Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G.M. Glenn, G.M. Glenn Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. Brauch, H. Brauch Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. Delisio, J. Delisio 1Progam Resources Inc., Frederick Cancer Research and Development CenterFrederick, MD 21701, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar K. Hampsch, K. Hampsch 1Progam Resources Inc., Frederick Cancer Research and Development CenterFrederick, MD 21701, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M.L. Orcutt, M.L. Orcutt Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar B. Zbar, B. Zbar Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M.I. Lerman M.I. Lerman * * To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 19, Issue 4, 25 February 1991, Page 965, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/19.4.965-a Published: 25 February 1991
Wasted days and wasted nights (2020)

This chapter examines the relationship between medical views of sleep and the idea of the efficient husbanding of time as a key facet of developing modernity, with resonance in the Fitbits of the twenty-first century. He also shows how ideas about sleep increasingly reflected the sense that there was a moral and medical duty to be productive and avoid oversleeping. Drawing on literary figures such as Jonathan Swift and Samuel Johnson as well as physicians such as John Floyer and George Cheyne, Schmidt shows the extent to which exact Newtonian conceptions of time affected eighteenth-century British thinking on the dietetics of sleep. In parallel to Knoeff’s chapter’s comments on the role of the material mechanical model of the barometer, he points to the impact of the model of clocks and clockwork mechanisms in Enlightenment thinking on regimen and of time.
Properties of anaglyphic materials that affect the testing and training of binocular vision. (1986)

Unequal retinal illuminances and target contrasts, and ghost images of anaglyphs can affect binocular vision. These properties were studied in red-green anaglyphic materials, and for all three pairs of red-green glasses tested, the luminous transmittance of the green member of each pair was higher than that of the red. Differences ranged from 15.3% to 33.1%. In all combinations tested, contrast was higher with the green lens when viewing red acetate than it was for the red lens when viewing green acetate. These marked differences between red and green materials are noteworthy because they can induce differences between the two retinal illuminances, thereby affecting suppression tendencies.
STUDY OF A MOLECULAR SIEVE FIRE. (1972)

powerful solid adsorbents for CO/sub 2/ but weak adsorbents for krypton. For a typical expected CO/sub 2/-O/sub 2/-krytpon gas mixture, a molecular sieve bed adsorbs the CO/sub 2/, allows the O/sub 2/ to pass freely through the bed, and concentrates the krypton before it exits the bed. The process selected and investigated is called frontal analysis gas chromatography.
A New Teleconnection : The Australian Southern Oscillation (2012)

A possibly new teleconnection has been discovered off the east coast of Australia in the region around Tasman sea and Southern Ocean. Found in pressure anomalies using a novel graph based approach called shared reciprocal nearest neighbors, this dipole appears in reanalysis datasets such as NCEP, JRA, ERA and MERRA. The HadSLP2 observation data shows the new dipole, despite of limited observations in the Tasman Sea. Tests are performed in order to understand the uniqueness of the dipole and its relationship to existing well known phenomena. The dipole index is correlated with known dipole indices such as the SO (Southern Oscillation), AAO (Antarctic Oscillation) with which it shares a marginally higher correlation of less than 0.4 and other northern teleconnections with which it is shown to have a poor relationship. We limit further analysis with only the AAO and SO indices as these are spatially close, have a higher correlation with the new index and tend to influence it in one or more seasons. Seasonal analysis is done to look at the variation in strength as well as its influence on other variables such as TAS (Temperature at Surface), OLR (Outgoing Longwave Radiation), Precipitation etc. We also look at composite maps and do significance tests to determine the significant regions in these maps. We also determine regions that are influenced by the new dipole index alone and are not influenced by other dipoles namely the SO and AAO by looking at difference maps. We discover the dipole at different geopotential heights - 700 hPa, 500 hPa and 50 hPa (Sea Level Pressure is 1013 hPa)- and determine if the dipole is a sea surface phenomenon such as the SO or an upper atmospheric phenomenon such as the AAO. Our tests have shown that we may indeed be looking at a new phenomenon and further tests are being conducted to confirm that.
Optimal Antenna Selection and Beamforming for an IRS Assisted System (2023)

An intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is a cost and energy-efficient solution to improve wireless system performance. Transmit antenna selection (AS) harnesses the benefits of multiple antennas with a smaller number of radio frequency (RF) chains. We focus on joint optimization of antenna subset and transmit beamforming at the transmitter (Tx) and passive beamforming at the IRS to maximize the receive signal power. We derive a closed-form optimal AS rule for a Tx and receiver (Rx) equipped with single RF chain each and ideal IRS. We analyze its performance with a correlated channel model and then extend it to non-ideal IRS. We also propose a simpler rule that significantly reduces the number of computations and pilots. For an Rx that performs maximal ratio combining, we propose a manifold optimization algorithm and a low-complexity selection rule. For a Tx with multiple RF chains, we propose a subset selection algorithm that yields a locally optimal solution and an alternating optimization algorithm that reduces complexity. Our simulations study the impact of estimation errors, discrete phase shifts, and channel correlation on the proposed selection rules, which perform better than the existing AS rules. They also show that the proposed low-complexity rules are near-optimal.
PROPERTIES OF ROSE BENGAL: (X) NEW DERIVATIVES OF POLYMER‐ROSE BENGAL (1985)

Abstract— Polymer rose bengal derivatives are converted to their C‐6 ammonium salts. The φ 1 O 2 derived in CH 2 C1 2 is a function of the K B of the neutralizing amine.