gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distributed Multicell Scheduling with Interference Mitigation (2012)

This chapter discusses distributed uplink scheduling in multicell orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems. It talks about mitigation/avoidance techniques in different practical scenarios. In the absence of CCD collaboration, a probabilistic scheme is presented for the interference avoidance where a subcarrier is shut down with a certain probability that increases with the interference level received on that subcarrier. Results close to the full channel state information (CSI) case are achieved with a limited number of feedback bits. However, in the distributed scheduling scheme with user collaboration, proportional fair scheduling presents more incentives for user cooperation. When combined with proportional fair scheduling, both the transparent pricing scheme and the probabilistic interference avoidance scheme led to enhanced results in the presence of intercell interference. Controlled Vocabulary Terms frequency division multiple access; interference suppression; Multi-cell° orthogonal frequency division multiple access° systems; scheduling; uplink
Discovery of polypeptide ligand‐receptor pairs based on their co‐evolution (2020)

Sequencing diverse genomes allowed the tracing of orthologous and paralogous genes to understand the co-evolution of polypeptide ligands and receptors. This review documents the discovery of several polypeptide ligands and their cognate receptors mainly expressed in the reproductive tissue using evolutionary genomics. We discussed the sub-functionization of paralogs and co-evolution of ligand-receptor families. Based on the conserved signaling among paralogous receptors and common knock-out phenotypes of ligand-receptor pairs, relationships between relaxin family peptides and leucine-rich repeat-containing, G protein-coupled receptors (LGR) were revealed. We also described the identification of a novel paralogous glycoprotein hormone thyrostimulin and design of a long-acting FSH. Human stresscopin and stresscopin-related peptide, paralogous to CRH, were also identified based on the conserved signaling pathways. Recently, a novel ligand placensin expressed in human placenta was found based on the paralogous relationship with a metabolic hormone asprosin. Placensin likely contributes to stage-dependent increases in insulin resistance during human pregnancy and its elevated secretion was associated with gestational diabetes mellitus. Although many ligands were predicted based on sequence signatures, ligands of shorter sequences have not been identified, together with many "orphan" receptors without known ligands. Future development of tools for predicting ligands and high throughput assays to identify ligand-receptor pairs based on ligand binding and/or signal transduction could advance hormone-based physiology and pathophysiology.
Integrated, Continuous Emulsion Creamer (2017)

Automated and reproducible sample handling is a key requirement for high-throughput compound screening and currently demands heavy reliance on expensive robotics in screening centers. Integrated droplet microfluidic screening processors are poised to replace robotic automation by miniaturizing biochemical reactions to the droplet scale. These processors must generate, incubate, and sort droplets for continuous droplet screening, passively handling millions of droplets with complete uniformity, especially during the key step of sample incubation. Here, we disclose an integrated microfluidic emulsion creamer that packs ("creams") assay droplets by draining away excess oil through microfabricated drain channels. The drained oil coflows with creamed emulsion and then reintroduces the oil to disperse the droplets at the circuit terminus for analysis. Creamed emulsion assay incubation time dispersion was 1.7%, 3-fold less than other reported incubators. The integrated, continuous emulsion creamer (ICEcreamer) was used to miniaturize and optimize measurements of various enzymatic activities (phosphodiesterase, kinase, bacterial translation) under multiple- and single-turnover conditions. Combining the ICEcreamer with current integrated microfluidic DNA-encoded library bead processors eliminates potentially cumbersome instrumentation engineering challenges and is compatible with assays of diverse target class activities commonly investigated in drug discovery.
RoadTrack (2010)

Mobile commerce and location based services (LBS) are some of the fastest growing IT industries in the last five years. Location update of mobile clients is a fundamental capability in mobile commerce and all types of LBS. Higher update frequency leads to higher accuracy, but incurs unacceptably high cost of location management at the location servers. We propose RoadTrack -- a road-network based, query-aware location update framework with two unique features. First, we introduce the concept of precincts to control the granularity of location update resolution for mobile clients that are not of interest to any active location query services. Second, we define query encounter points for mobile objects that are targets of active location query services, and utilize these encounter points to define the adequate location update schedule for each mobile. The RoadTrack framework offers three unique advantages. First, encounter points as a fundamental query awareness mechanism enable us to control and differentiate location update strategies for mobile clients in the vicinity of active location queries, while meeting the needs of location query evaluation. Second, we employ system-defined precincts to manage the desired spatial resolution of location updates for different mobile clients and to control the scope of query awareness to be capitalized by a location update strategy. Third, our road-network based check-free interval optimization further enhances the effectiveness of the Road-Track query-aware location update scheduling algorithm. This optimization provides significant cost reduction for location update management at both mobile clients and location servers. We evaluate the RoadTrack location update approach using a real world road-network based mobility simulator. Our experimental results demonstrate that the RoadTrack query aware location update approach outperforms existing representative location update strategies in terms of both client energy efficiency and server processing load.
Five-Megahertz PWM-Controlled Current-Mode Resonant DC–DC Step-Down Converter Using GaN-HEMTs (2015)

High power efficiency and high power density are required in regulated isolated dc-dc converters. In this paper, a novel pulsewidth modulation (PWM) control method that is suitable for an isolated current-mode resonant dc-dc converter operated at a megahertz-level switching frequency is proposed. The output voltage with the proposed method can be regulated with no additional components at a fixed switching frequency. In addition, the zero-voltage switching (ZVS) of primary-side switches at turn on can be maintained. The principle of the proposed method and the method of the ZVS operation in the proposed method are explained. Some experiments have been performed with a 5-MHz isolated step-down dc-dc converter using gallium nitride high-electron-mobility transistors; the output voltage is 12 V, and the total volume of the circuit is 16.14 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> . With the proposed PWM control method, the input voltage range is 42-45.5 V, and the maximum load current range is 10 A at V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sub> = 45.5 V. The ZVS of the primary-side switches at turn on is confirmed in all experimental regions, and the maximum power efficiency is 89.2%.
Ephemeris type a fault analysis and mitigation for LAAS (2010)

The Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS) has been developed by the FAA to enable precision approach and landing operations using the Global Positioning System (GPS). Each LAAS installation provides services through a LAAS Ground Facility (LGF) which is located at the airport it serves. By monitoring the GPS signals, measurements, and navigation messages, the LGF is able to exclude unhealthy satellites and broadcast real-time range-correction messages for healthy satellites to users via a VHF data link. Airborne users apply these corrections to remove errors that are common between the LGF and the aircraft. The LGF is also responsible for warning the aircraft of any potential integrity threats that cannot easily be resolved by excluding unhealthy satellites. One source of potential errors is the satellite broadcast ephemeris message, which users decode and use to compute GPS satellite positions. In LAAS, potential GPS ephemeris faults are categorized into two types, A and B, based upon whether or not the fault is associated with a satellite maneuver. This work focuses on aviation navigation threats caused by Type A faults. To detect and mitigate these threats, we investigate two LGF monitors based on comparing expected ranges and range rates (based on broadcast ephemeris) with those measured by the LGF. The effectiveness of these monitors is analyzed and verified in this paper.
Aerodynamic shape optimization of rotary wing aircraft components using an advanced multiobjective evolutionary approach (2013)

I was invited to the third PhD Olympiad of ECCOMAS as a finalist of the ECCOMAS award for the best PhD Theses 2012.
Mapping the human connectome at multiple scales with diffusion spectrum MRI (2009)

Keywords: LTS5 Reference EPFL-CONF-138670 Record created on 2009-05-29, modified on 2017-05-10
A 1cm × 1cm, 5kV, 100A, 4H-SiC Thyristor Chip for High Current Modules (2006)

We report on the development of the first 1 cm x 1 cm SiC Thyristor chip capable of blocking 5 kV. This demonstrates the present quality of the SiC substrate and epitaxial material. A forward drop of 4.1 V at 100 A and 25°C has been measured. The turn-on delay is found to be a strong function of the gate current. At a gate current of 0.5 A, a turn-on delay of 250 ns is observed for an anode to cathode current of 200 A. The turn-on delay reduces to 72 ns for an IG = 1.5 A. The turn-on rise time is a strong function of the anode to cathode voltage, VAK. At VAK =230 V, the turn-on rise-time is 300 ns for IAK =200 A. The rise-time reduces to 26 ns for VAK = 500 V.
A Ln(iii)-3-hydroxypyridine pH responsive probe optimized by DFT (2020)

Differences in tissue pH can be diagnostic of cancer and other conditions that shift cell metabolism. Paramagnetic probes are promising tools for pH mapping in vivo using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) as they provide uniquely shifted MR signals that change with pH. Here, we demonstrate a 3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridyl coordinating group as a new pH-responsive reporter group for Ln(III) MRS probes. The pH response of the complex was observed by UV-Vis, fluorescence, and NMR spectroscopies, and modeled using DFT. These results provide insight into the observed pH-dependent NMR spectrum of the complex. The protonation state of the hydroxypyridine changes the coordinating ability of the ligand, affecting the dipolar field of the lanthanide and the chemical shift of nearby reporter nuclei. The favorable pH response and coordination properties of the 3-hydroxypyridyl group indicates its potential for further development as a dual responsive-reporter group. Incorporation into optimized scaffolds for MRS detection may enable sensitive pH-mapping <i>in vivo</i>.
Benchmarking DNA Methylation Assays for Marine Invertebrates (2020)

Interrogation of chromatin modifications, such as DNA methylation, has potential to improve forecasting and conservation of marine ecosystems. The standard method for assaying DNA methylation (Whole Genome Bisulfite Sequencing), however, is too costly to apply at the scales required for ecological research. Here we evaluate different methods for measuring DNA methylation for ecological epigenetics. We compare Whole Genome Bisulfite Sequencing (WGBS) with Methylated CpG Binding Domain Sequencing (MBD-seq), and a modified version of MethylRAD we term methylation-dependent Restriction site-Associated DNA sequencing (mdRAD). We evaluate these three assays in measuring variation in methylation across the genome, between genotypes, and between polyp types in the reef-building coral Acropora millepora. We find that all three assays measure absolute methylation levels similarly, with tight correlations for methylation of gene bodies (gbM), as well as exons and 1Kb windows. Correlations for differential gbM between genotypes were weaker, but still concurrent across assays. We detected little to no reproducible differences in gbM between polyp types. We conclude that MBD-seq and mdRAD are reliable cost-effective alternatives to WGBS. Moreover, the considerably lower sequencing effort required for mdRAD to produce comparable methylation estimates makes it particularly useful for ecological epigenetics.
The interconnection network using the ATM switch for message-based multiprocessor systems (2003)

In a message-based multiprocessor system that consists of message-communicating processors, the interconnection network is really a crucial part for fast processor communication. Among various interconnection methods, using the high-speed asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) switch is an attractive approach to constructing large-scale multiprocessor systems with low latency and high throughput. The interconnection network for fast processor communication is proposed in this paper. For the efficient use of the ATM switch, a group of the cell interface modules (CIMs) called a cell router which performs cell multiplexing and demultiplexing, is located between the processor groups and the ATM switch. In this proposed system, an expanded internal cell format in which three bytes are added for the switch routing information, is used. The interconnection network uses three routing strategies: the ATM switch routing using the switch routing information, the cell router routing using the virtual path identifier (VPI), and the cell reassembly routing using the virtual channel identifier (VCI). The interconnection network consists of a N/spl times/N folded switch and N cell routers. Since each cell router has M processor interfaces, the maximum N/spl times/M processors can be interconnected. In terms of message-passing latency and scalability, the interconnection network using the ATM switch shows a significant improvement on the performance. The transmission overhead of the interconnection network using the ATM switch has also been evaluated. The overhead ratio of the message communication using ATM switch is almost 15%.
Diffractive soft and hard X-ray optics (2003)

The Laboratory for Micro- and Nanotechnology provides the essential technologies necessary for the design and fabrication of diffractive x-ray optics for a wide range of applications. Over the past years, a large variety of optics has been fabricated and tested in collaboration with a large number of partners. To ensure good performance of the devices, they have to be tailored to the specific needs of a specific x-ray optical experiment in terms of photon energy and spatial coherence of the source, as well as required spatial resolution, working distance and diffraction efficiency. We report on a selection of such developments including transmission Fresnel phase zone plates for microscopy or microprobe applications at photon energies ranging from the EUV to the multi-keV region. For photon energies beyond 10 keV transmission zone plates are very rarely used. Our recent development of linear optics with ultra high aspect ratio structures has opened up a way to extend the applications of diffractive optics at least to the 30 keV range. Besides focusing elements, other diffractive optics such as decoherers or beam splitters for interferometric applications are presented.
Spatial emission distribution and carrier recombination dynamics in regularly arrayed InGaN/GaN quantum structure nanocolumns (2016)

Abstract Emission mechanisms in regularly arrayed InGaN/GaN quantum structures on GaN nanocolumns were investigated, focusing on the spatial emission distribution at the nanocolumn tops and the carrier recombination dynamics. The double-peak emission originated from the dot- and well-like InGaN areas with different In compositions was observed. From the results regarding the spatial emission distribution, we proposed a simple analytical approach to evaluating the carrier recombination dynamics using the rate equations based on the two energy states. The considerable six lifetimes can be uniquely determined from the experimental results. Carrier transfer from the high- to the low-energy state is dominant at high temperatures, producing the increased total emission efficiency of the inner low-energy area. In addition, the internal quantum efficiency should not be simply discussed using only the integrated intensity ratio between low and room temperatures because of the carrier transfer from high- to low-energy states.
Reduction of intracerebral hemorrhage by rivaroxaban after tPA thrombolysis is associated with downregulation of PAR‐1 and PAR‐2 (2016)

This study aimed to assess the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) after tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) treatment in rivaroxaban compared with warfarin-pretreated male Wistar rat brain after ischemia in relation to activation profiles of protease-activated receptor-1, -2, -3, and -4 (PAR-1, -2, -3, and -4). After pretreatment with warfarin (0.2 mg/kg/day), low-dose rivaroxaban (60 mg/kg/day), high-dose rivaroxaban (120 mg/kg/day), or vehicle for 14 days, transient middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced for 90 min, followed by reperfusion with tPA (10 mg/kg/10 ml). Infarct volume, hemorrhagic volume, immunoglobulin G leakage, and blood parameters were examined. Twenty-four hours after reperfusion, immunohistochemistry for PARs was performed in brain sections. ICH volume was increased in the warfarin-pretreated group compared with the rivaroxaban-treated group. PAR-1, -2, -3, and -4 were widely expressed in the normal brain, and their levels were increased in the ischemic brain, especially in the peri-ischemic lesion. Warfarin pretreatment enhanced the expression of PAR-1 and PAR-2 in the peri-ischemic lesion, whereas rivaroxaban pretreatment did not. The present study shows a lower risk of brain hemorrhage in rivaroxaban-pretreated compared with warfarin-pretreated rats following tPA administration to the ischemic brain. It is suggested that the relative downregulation of PAR-1 and PAR-2 by rivaroxaban compared with warfarin pretreatment might be partly involved in the mechanism of reduced hemorrhagic complications in patients receiving rivaroxaban in clinical trials. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Connectomic Atlas of the Human Cerebrum—Chapter 12: Tractographic Description of the Middle Longitudinal Fasciculus (2018)

The middle longitudinal fasciculus (MdLF) is a small and somewhat controversial white matter tract of the human cerebrum, confined to the posterior superior temporal region from which it courses posteriorly to connect at the occipital-parietal interface. The tract appears to be involved in language processing as well as auditory organization and localization, while sub-serving other higher level cognitive functions that have yet to be fully elucidated. Little is known about the specific, interparcellation connections that integrate to form the MdLF. Utilizing diffusion spectrum magnetic resonance imaging tractography coupled with the human cortex parcellation data presented earlier in this supplement, we aim to describe the macro-connectome of the MdLF in relation to the linked parcellations present within the human cortex. The purpose of this study is to present this information in an indexed, illustrated, and tractographically aided series of figures and tables for anatomic and clinical reference.
Fractional frequency reuse in optical wireless cellular networks (2013)

Interference coordination in optical wireless cellular networks using different frequency reuse techniques are discussed and compared in this paper. On the one hand, full frequency reuse maximises the system throughput at the cost of poor cell-edge user performance. On the other hand, cluster-based static resource partitioning offers good cell-edge user performance at the cost of low system throughput. Fractional frequency reuse (FFR) is introduced as a compromise between cell-edge user performance and the system throughput with low system complexity. Simulation results show that a guaranteed user throughput of 5.6 Mbps and an average area spectral efficiency (ASE) of 0.3389 bps/Hz/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> are achieved by the FFR optical wireless system with appropriate power control factors. These results show considerable throughput improvement compared to both benchmark systems. It is also shown that by adjusting the LED transmission optical power of a system using visible light spectrum, the illumination requirement for an office room can be satisfied without extra lighting facilities.
Utilization of supercritical CO2 as a processing aid for preparation of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene/functionalized activated nanocarbon fibers (2019)

This is the first investigation to report the processing and properties of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)/functionalized activated nanocarbon (FANC) gel solutions with the aid of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2 ). The ultradrawing and ultimate tensile properties of scCO 2 UHMWPE and scCO 2 UHMWPE/FANC fibers were found to improve considerably compared to those of UHMWPE and UHMWPE/FANC fibers prepared in the conventional way. The maximum achievable draw ratio obtained for the optimal scCO 2 UHMWPE/FANC fibers drawn at 95°C reached 445. The highest tensile tenacity (σ f ) of the fully drawn scCO 2 UHMWPE/FANC fiber reached an extraordinary high value of 104 g/d, which is about 3.2 and 1.1 times of that of the optimal UHMWPE and UHMWPE/FANC fully drawn fibers, respectively. The σ f obtained for the optimally fully drawn scCO 2 UHMWPE/FANC fiber is about 25 times of those of steel fibers and is the highest tensile tenacity ever reported for single‐stage drawn polymeric fibers. Considerably lower dynamic transition temperatures and evaluated thinner crystal lamellae nucleated off of extended chains or FANC nucleants were found for as‐prepared scCO 2 UHMWPE and scCO 2 UHMWPE/FANC fibers compared with UHMWPE and UHMWPE/FANC fibers, respectively. Specific surface area, morphological, and Fourier transform infrared analyses of the activated nanocarbon (ANC), acid‐treated activated nanocarbon (ATANC) and FANC nanofillers and investigation of thermal, morphological, and orientation factor properties of the as‐prepared and drawn UHMWPE, UHMWPE/FANC, scCO 2 UHMWPE, and scCO 2 UHMWPE/FANC fibers were performed to understand the remarkable ultradrawing, dynamic transition, and ultimate tensile properties obtained for scCO 2 UHMWPE and scCO 2 UHMWPE/FANC fibers. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:1462–1471 2019. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers
High-Precision Adaptive Slope Compensation Circuit for DC-DC Converter in Wearable Devices (2020)

This paper presents a high precision adaptive slope compensation circuit for for DC -DC converter in wearable devices. Compared with the traditional adaptive slope compensation circuit, the comparator is used to sample the output voltage and input voltage, which greatly improves the accuracy.ln this paper, the circuit is designed in UMC 0.18-p,m CMOS Technology and verified by Virtuoso Spectre Circuit Simulator. The simulation results show that the accuracy of the adaptive slope compensation circuit in this paper can reach more than 96%.