gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Site Occupancy of Hydrogen in a Distorted bcc Lattice in Niobium Alloyed with Mo Atoms (2010)

In order to study the atomistic state of hydrogen in a bcc lattice, the site occupancies of hydrogen dissolved in Nb–Mo alloys containing 39, 48, and 60 at. % Mo atoms have been investigated at room temperature by the channelling method utilizing a nuclear reaction of 1 H( 11 B,α)αα with a 11 B + beam of about 2 MeV. In addition, the lattice parameters and half-widths of the X-ray reflection lines of the non-hydrogen-doped specimens have been measured at room temperature. Nb–Mo alloys form a solid solution over the entire Mo concentration range, maintaining a bcc crystal structure. From systematic studies including previous experiments on such alloys with lower Mo concentrations, it has been observed that the site occupancy of hydrogen changes very sensitively with Mo concentration. At low Mo concentrations, hydrogen is trapped by Mo atoms and occupies the trapped site ( T tr ), which is displaced by about 0.6 Å from a tetrahedral ( T ) site attached to a Mo atom towards that Mo atom. At approximately 20 at. % Mo, most of the H atoms occupy T sites and some portion of the H atoms occupy octahedral ( O ) sites. With increasing Mo concentration, the O -site occupancy diminishes, and at Mo concentrations higher than about 39 at. % the occupancy of the displaced- T (d- T ) site newly appears, which is displaced by about 0.25 Å from a T site towards its nearest-neighbour O site. It is recognized that there exists a close correlation between such a site change and a change in the half-width of the X-ray reflection line with Mo concentration. On the basis of this correlation, it is concluded that the change in the site occupancy of hydrogen is due to a change in the lattice distortion induced by alloying with undersized Mo atoms, and that the d- T site is a stable site for hydrogen in slightly distorted bcc lattices.
Expansion and Hyperactivity of CD1d-Restricted NKT Cells during the Progression of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in (New Zealand Black × New Zealand White)F1 Mice (2005)

CD1d-restricted NKT cells expressing invariant TCR alpha-chain rearrangements (iNKT cells) have been reported to be deficient in humans with a variety of autoimmune syndromes and in certain strains of autoimmune mice. In addition, injection of mice with alpha-galactosylceramide, a specific glycolipid agonist of iNKT cells, activates these T cells and ameliorates autoimmunity in several different disease models. Thus, deficiency and reduced function in iNKT cells are considered to be risk factors for the development of such diseases. In this study we report that the development of systemic lupus erythematosus in (New Zealand Black (NZB) x New Zealand White (NZW))F(1) mice was paradoxically associated with an expansion and activation of iNKT cells. Although young (NZB x NZW)F(1) mice had normal levels of iNKT cells, these expanded with age and became phenotypically and functionally hyperactive. Activation of iNKT cells in (NZB x NZW)F(1) mice in vivo or in vitro with alpha-galactosylceramide indicated that the immunoregulatory role of iNKT cells varied over time, revealing a marked increase in their potential to contribute to production of IFN-gamma with advancing age and disease progression. This evolution of iNKT cell function during the progression of autoimmunity may have important implications for the mechanism of disease in this model of systemic lupus erythematosus and for the development of therapies using iNKT cell agonists.
Development Status for a Combined Solid Oxide Co-Electrolyzer and Carbon Formation Reactor System for Oxygen Regeneration (2016)

A critical component in spacecraft life support loop closure is the removal of carbon dioxide (CO2, produced by the crew) from the cabin atmosphere and chemical reduction of this CO2 to recover the oxygen. In 2015, we initiated development of an oxygen recovery system for life support applications consisting of a solid oxide co-electrolyzer (SOCE) and a carbon formation reactor (CFR). The SOCE electrolyzes a combined stream of carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) gas mixtures to produce synthesis gas (e.g., CO and H2 gas) and pure dry oxygen as separate products. This SOCE is being developed from a NASA GRC solid oxide fuel cell and stack design originally developed for aeronautics long-duration power applications. The CFR, being developed by pHMatter LLC, takes the CO and H2 output from the SOCE, and converts it primarily to solid carbon (C(s)) and H2O and CO2. Although the solid carbon accumulates in the CFR, the innovative design allows easy removal of the carbon product, requiring minimal crew member (CM) time and low resupply mass (1.0 kg/year/CM) for replacement of the solid carbon catalyst, a significant improvement over previous Bosch reactor approaches. In this work, we will provide a status of our Phase I efforts in the development and testing of both the SOCE and CFR prototype units, along with an initial assessment of the combined SOCE-CFR system, including a mass and power projections, along with an estimate of the oxygen recovery rate.
Experimental study of radio-free communication in the constrained space of vessel using metal surface wave communication (2022)

In this study, Metal Surface Wave Communication (MSWC) using metal surfaces as a medium was applied to a vessel to check the possibility of implementation of the ‘RF free solution’ that overcomes difficulties of wireless communication over the constrained spaces on vessels. The experiment was conducted based on the Wi-fi method. Before the experiment on the ship, 17 dB higher data was confirmed under the same conditions as general WiFi communication on land through a Metal surface wave resonator. As a result of establishing a communication system in a constrained space of a ship using a Metal surface wave resonator, higher than 10 Mbps of up and download speed was confirmed compared to general RF communication. In addition, through noise analysis in engine rooms with many elements that interfere with Metal surface waves, it was confirmed that surface wave communication had no noise effect than general RF communication. Finally, after establishing a communication system in each area inside the ship, the transmission speed was superior when compared to general RF communication. The results of the experiment in this paper show that the transmission speed is lower than the average Wi-Fi of general wireless communication, but communication is possible in an environment where wireless communication is not possible on ships, and the transmission speed of 10Mbps or more is not problematic for voice, video, and data communication. Based on the results of the experiment, it is considered that when MSWC system is constructed on the metal structure of the vessel, Metal surface wave communication technology can replace RF solution and furthermore, MSWC can be applied in constrained space on the vessel and other maritime domain.
The Selaginella Genome Identifies Genetic Changes Associated with the Evolution of Vascular Plants (2011)

Vascular plants appeared ~410 million years ago, then diverged into several lineages of which only two survive: the euphyllophytes (ferns and seed plants) and the lycophytes. We report here the genome sequence of the lycophyte Selaginella moellendorffii (Selaginella), the first nonseed vascular plant genome reported. By comparing gene content in evolutionarily diverse taxa, we found that the transition from a gametophyte- to a sporophyte-dominated life cycle required far fewer new genes than the transition from a nonseed vascular to a flowering plant, whereas secondary metabolic genes expanded extensively and in parallel in the lycophyte and angiosperm lineages. Selaginella differs in posttranscriptional gene regulation, including small RNA regulation of repetitive elements, an absence of the trans-acting small interfering RNA pathway, and extensive RNA editing of organellar genes.
Low-Dielectric-Constant Nonporous Fluorocarbon Films for Interlayer Dielectric (2008)

Low-dielectric-constant (k<2.0) nonporous fluorocarbon films are formed using a new microwave-excited low electron temperature and high-density plasma system with a dual-shower-plate structure. In the new system, the material gas (C5F8) is supplied by a lower shower plate inserted in the diffusion plasma region of very low electron temperature (around 1–2 eV). An upper shower plate is used for supplying the plasma excitation gas in a uniform downflow in the chamber. Since such a gas flow pattern can prevent the penetration of the material gas into the plasma excitation region, the overdecomposition of the material gas can be markedly suppressed as compared with that in the case of using conventional plasma systems such as an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma source. As a result, fluorocarbon films can be formed by maximizing the original characteristics of material gases. The fluorocarbon films formed using the new system have not only low k but also low leakage current density, sufficient mechanical strength, strong adhesion, high heat resistance and good surface smoothness. Therefore, such films can be used in interlayer dielectrics in ultralarge-scale integration (ULSI) devices.
Absence of the “Incretin” Phenomenon in the Autotransplanted Human Pancreas (1988)

Ginier, Paulette; Levin, Seymour R.; Swafford, Gerald; Soon-Shiong, Patrick Author Information
Advancing foundry technology with scaling and innovations (2014)

Being the dedicated IC foundry, TSMC provides a complete portfolio of technologies covering leading-edge technology, specialty technology, and 3D IC system integration technology to fulfill customer product needs in various market segments. While the leading-edge CMOS technology continues to extend Moore's law as a driver for business growth, More-than-Moore specialty technology leverages the logic technology platform with value-added components to enable various functionalities for a wide range of applications. In this paper, the evolution of advanced CMOS technology is reviewed. Challenges in scaling transistor, SRAM and interconnect are discussed. Examples of specialty technology will also be illustrated.
ChemInform Abstract: A Supramolecular Array of Fullerenes by Quadruple Hydrogen Bonding. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Characterization of Thin and Ultrathin Polymer and Resist Films (2001)

The need for a better understanding of the physicochemical properties of radiation-sensitive thin polymer coatings for lithographic applications is driven by the trend of ever-shrinking pattern dimensions and film thickness, imposed by the semiconductor industry. In this work, we address the issue of film uniformity and moisture absorption for thin and ultrathin films (250 nm to 50 nm) of poly 4-hydroxystyrene (PHS). Using high resolution x-ray reflectivity, the roughness and density of spin coated films was found to remain constant within experimental error for the thickness range examined. Also, water uptake on PHS films was studied by neutron and x-ray reflectivity. Exposure of the polymer film to a controlled humidity level is shown to swell the polymer and be absorbed uniformly throughout the film. No preferential absorption of water at the interface was noticed, regardless of the hydrophilic or hydrophobic nature of the substrate surface. Overall density changes in the polymer matrix due to the moisture-induced increase in the film thickness are also discussed.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of Mouse Hepcidin Peptide Analogs Containing Three Disulfide Bridges: Manual and Microwave-Assisted Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis (2012)

Hepcidin, a 25 amino acid peptide hormone containing a complex network of four disulfide bonds is the hormone regulator of iron homeostasis. Three bridges synthetic peptide analogs have been prepared following two synthetic strategies and two oxidation procedures: i) a microwave-assisted solid phase synthesis followed by air oxidation of the six free cysteines ii) a manual solid phase synthesis followed by stepwise deprotection and oxidation of cysteine pairs. All the peptides with different connectivities have been characterized by MALDI ToF spectrometry, and tested for their ability to degrade the cellular iron exporter, ferroportin. While linear peptides are inactive, the one-bridge and two-bridge peptides retaining protected cysteines by bulky substituents are active. Similarly, the three-bridge peptides are active irrespective of their disulfide connectivities.
Rational Design of 2D Manganese Phosphate Hydrate Nanosheets as Pseudocapacitive Electrodes (2019)

A new class of 2D nanosheets of nitrogen-integrated phosphate-rich ammonium manganese phosphate hydrate, (NH4MnPO4·H2O) (AMP), has been developed as pseudocapacitive electrode materials. The optimized electrodes exhibited device capacitances of 48.4 and 65.4 F/g for symmetric and asymmetric configurations, respectively. The devices showed excellent energy and power (e.g., 29.4 Wh/kg and 133 kW/kg for asymmetric cells) with extraordinary capacitance retention (e.g., >93%, 100 000 cycles at 5 A/g for asymmetric cells) that surpass those of most of the reported values. The huge pseudocapacitance of AMP is attributed to several factors, including the electroactive sites containing NH4+ ions, the conductive inorganic layers, intercalated water interactions of Mn2+···H2O, redox-active phosphate ions, and the 2D nanosheets. AMP-based all-solid-state flexible asymmetric devices exhibited >95% capacitance retention upon 1000 repetitive charge–discharge cycles. This study opens doors to elegant strategies of unlocking the rich physicoelectrochemical properties of 2D AMP for next-generation pseudocapacitors.
Design and tension control of filament winding system (2003)

Currently a variety of fiber materials are used extensively in various fields. Carbon fiber (CF), carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) and their products are especially popular because they have higher tensile strength than metals. CFRP are generally formed by a filament-winding (FW) method. The winding pitch and tension controls of this process are key factors in making sound products. The purpose of this research is to establish an advanced filament-winding system with real-time control of the winding tension. We first describe building a filament-winding machine that can measure and control the winding tension. Second, we propose two kinds of winding tension control methods, and implement them using PID or I-PD control. Our proposed tension control methods, which make use of the rotational velocity difference between the mandrel and nip-roll parts, performed well in trials. Finally, we performed a ring burst test to check the effectiveness of tension control as it relates to product strength.
Development and validation of a drinking water temperature model in domestic drinking water supply systems (2017)

Domestic drinking water supply systems (DDWSs) are the final step in the delivery of drinking water to consumers. Temperature is one of the rate-controlling parameters for many chemical and microbiological processes and is, therefore, considered as a surrogate parameter for water quality processes. In this study, a mathematical model is presented that predicts temperature dynamics of the drinking water in DDWSs. A full-scale DDWS resembling a conventional system was built and run according to one year of stochastic demands with a time step of 10 s. The drinking water temperature was measured at each point-of-use in the systems and the data-set was used for model validation. The temperature model adequately reproduced the temperature profiles, both in cold and hot water lines, in the full-scale DDWS. The model showed that inlet water temperature and ambient temperature have a large effect on the water temperature in the DDWSs.
A bitstream feature based model for video decoding energy estimation (2016)

In this paper we show that a small amount of bit stream features can be used to accurately estimate the energy consumption of state-of-the-art software and hardware accelerated decoder implementations for four different video codecs. By testing the estimation performance on HEVC, H.264, H.263, and VP9 we show that the proposed model can be used for any hybrid video codec. We test our approach on a high amount of different test sequences to prove the general validity. We show that less than 20 features are sufficient to obtain mean estimation errors that are smaller than 8%. Finally, an example will show the performance trade-offs in terms of rate, distortion, and decoding energy for all tested codecs.
Characterization of MOSFETs intrinsic performance using in-wafer advanced Kelvin-contact device structure for high performance CMOS LSIs (2008)

In this work, a new MOSFETs characterization method utilizing in-wafer Kelvin contact device structure is developed. The developed method can eliminate the parasitic series resistances in MOSFETs and allows us to characterize the short channel transistor intrinsic current-voltage characteristics as well as the quantitative effects of the parasitic series resistance to the device performance, very stably and accurately. The developed analysis is useful for the characterization and parameter extractions of fabricated MOSFETs for the device/process development and optimization of ultra-thin gate insulator short channel CMOS LSIs for higher performance.
Abstract 3347: Exploring the role of ASXL family of genes in enabling oncogenic AR-signaling in prostate cancer (2017)

Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in North American men. In recent years, there has been mounting evidence establishing the centrality of epigenetic mechanisms in PCa initiation and progression. Accordingly, various epigenetic genes have been described to collaborate with the androgen receptor (AR) in enabling its oncogenic transcriptional program and aberrantly restoring its activity in metastatic castration resistant PCa (mCRPC). Concordantly, our lab has recently described two epigenetic genes, BRD4 &amp; MLL2, as key co-activators of the AR signaling complex. Furthermore, we have demonstrated the therapeutic benefits of inhibiting the activity of these genes in advanced PCa. Thus, in a setting where invariably all metastatic PCa patients progress to evolve resistance to anti-AR therapy, epigenetic genes emerge as potent co-targets with the promise to improve patient outcomes. To To identify novel AR-collaborating genes, as part of a multi-institutional consortium, our lab had performed comprehensive molecular profiling of 150 mCRPC patient tumors. This study revealed multiple genetic aberrations in chromatin modifier genes. Interestingly, this list comprised of recurrent mutations in the ASXL family of genes in about ~5% of the cases. ASXL family members are epigenetic scaffolding proteins that assemble chromatin modifiers and transcription factors to specific genomic loci with histone modifications. Although intricately involved in the genesis of acute myeloid leukemia, hitherto, no study has comprehensively described the role of ASXL genes in PCa biology. Two members of this family, ASXL1 and ASXL2, are robustly expressed in PCa. Co-immunoprecipitation assays revealed that these proteins also reside in the AR-signaling complex. Notably, siRNA-mediated inhibition of these genes dramatically attenuated proliferation of AR-dependent PCa cells, but had minimal effect on non-neoplastic prostate cells. These preliminary results strongly implicate ASXL genes in the oncogenic re-programming of AR-activity and warrant further investigation towards exploring of their therapeutic value in currently incurable mCRPC. Citation Format: Abhijit Parolia, Xuhong Cao, Arul Chinnaiyan. Exploring the role of ASXL family of genes in enabling oncogenic AR-signaling in prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3347. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-3347
Compact high-repetition rate femtosecond lasers using chirped mirrors (1996)

Compact mirror-dispersion-controlled femtosecond oscillators are far superior to their prismatic counterparts if high repetition rate is required. In preliminary experiments, this paper generated sub-20-fs pulses at a repetition rate of 500 MHz, which are substantially shorter than pulses previously demonstrated at comparable repetition rates. The short pulse duration (or the related low-cavity high-order dispersion) is crucial for the scalability of the system to higher repetition rates. From these promising results, it is shown that subpicosecond pulse generation by passive mode-locking should be feasible at repetition rates up to 5-10 GHz in the near future.
Hindered rotation in substituted paracyclophanes (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHindered rotation in substituted paracyclophanesGeorge M. Whitesides, Beverly A. Pawson, and Arthur C. CopeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1968, 90, 3, 639–644Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01005a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01005a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views72Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Function and Distribution of Apolipoprotein A1 in the Artery Wall Are Markedly Distinct From Those in Plasma (2013)

The function and distribution of apoA1 in human aorta are quite distinct from those found in plasma. The lipoprotein is markedly enriched within atherosclerotic plaque, predominantly lipid-poor, not associated with HDL, extensively oxidatively cross-linked, and functionally impaired.