gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human plasmacytoid dendritic cells express Dectin-1 as an immune regulatory receptor (111.32) (2011)

Abstract Dectin-1 is expressed on myeloid-derived antigen-presenting cells and plays an important role in host immunity against microbial infections. We here demonstrate for the first time that human plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) express functional Dectin-1. Dectin-1 could deliver intracellular signals to activate pDCs through Syk. As results of activation, pDCs upregulated surface expression of HLA-DR and co-stimulatory molecules. However, pDCs expressed lower levels of CD80, CD86, and CCR7 compared to pDCs activated via TLR9. Signaling via Dectin-1 also induced pDCs to secrete cytokines (IL-6, IFNα, and TNFα) and chemokines (IL-1β, IP-10, IL-8, MIP-1α, and MIP-1β). Most notably, pDCs activated via Dectin-1 secreted greater amount of IL-1β than pDCs activated via TLR9. Dectin-1 stimulated pDCs selectively upregulated inflammation-related gene signatures. We further demonstrated that pDCs activated via Dectin-1 could polarize CD8+ T cells toward IL-10-producing regulatory CD8+ T cells. Activation of pDCs, but not mDCs, via Dectin-1 also resulted in enhanced Th2 type CD4+ T cell responses as well as B cell differentiation into plasmablasts, and this was partly dependent on IL-1β secreted from pDCs. Therefore, we conclude that Dectin-1 expressed on human pDCs possesses unique function to control host immune responses.
Room temperature weak collinear ferrimagnet with symmetry driven, large intrinsic magneto-optic and magneto-transport signatures (2021)

A range of spintronic phenomena typically hosted by ferromagnets have recently been demonstrated in fully compensated antiferromagnets (AFMs) including anisotropic magnetoresistance, spin-orbit torque, spin Hall, anomalous Hall, anomalous Nernst and magneto-optical Kerr effects (MOKE). The absence of net magnetization in AFMs makes them insensitive to external fields and allows for denser packing of individual devices on a chip. However, the magnetic field insensitivity complicates the manipulation and detection of the magnetic state. Here we present a magnetic thin film where the lattice mismatch with the substrate induces complex magnetic phases. Below the N\'eel temperature a small net magnetization occurs due to canting of non-collinear magnetic moments, whereas above it a long range ordered ferrimagnetic phase with the same magnetic space group is formed. The presence of both magnetic phases is supported by the agreement of measured and simulated MOKE spectra as well as magnetisation and magnetotransport measurements. The small unsaturated magnetization cannot explain the large MOKE amplitude, which is due to the large and mostly compensated local moments combined with broken symmetries and spin-orbit coupling, yet provides a practical means of controlling the magnetic state.
Exact conditions on physically realizable correlation functions of random media (1999)

Algorithms have been developed recently to construct realizations of random media with specified statistical correlation functions. There is a need for the formulation of exact conditions on the correlation functions in order to ensure that hypothetical correlation functions are physically realizable. Here we obtain positivity conditions on certain integrals of the autocorrelation function of d-dimensional statistically homogeneous media and of statistically isotropic media. These integral conditions are then applied to test various classes of autocorrelation functions. Finally, we note some integral conditions on the three-point correlation function.
Current Status of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (2014)

Cooperative Research Program.The scientific themes of these joint annual meetings are selected based on current advances in the area of cellular and gene therapy.Speakers from Japan and the United States kindly agreed to submit their presentations for this special issue of the journal.Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (also known as multipotent stromal cells) were first isolated from bone marrow and found capable of regenerating rudiments of bone and supporting hematopoiesis in vivo. 1 Plastic adherent populations isolated from bone marrow were found to be functionally heterogeneous and exhibited colony-forming unit fibroblasts made up of undifferentiated stem cells and progenitor cells.These cells were also observed for their multipotency through differentiation into mesenchymal cell types, including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes.Because MSCs are generated from the stromal component of bone marrow, they were later renamed multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (with the same acronym) to reflect their origin and biological properties. 2 MSCs are a diverse population of cells with a wide range of potential therapeutic applications, which is evident from the variety of indications currently being investigated in clinical trials.Their potential is based on their inherent biological properties such as plasticity, proliferation, migration, self-renewal, and immunosuppression.A large number of clinical studies have been conducted or are ongoing.The FDA has not yet approved any MSC-based products.These MSC-based products are complex and heterogeneous.The variability in donor and tissue sources, manufacturing processes, phenotypic cell markers, and bioactivity has the potential to significantly impact the product and prevents a direct comparison of therapeutic protocols.Bone marrow is not the sole source of MSC-based products; current research in the use of umbilical cord or placental tissue and adipose-derived MSC-based products has increased significantly.In spite of numerous challenges and diversity in MSCbased clinical trial products, MSCs have great potential in the field of regenerative medicine.The articles in this issue highlight the promises and challenges in the manufacturing of MSCs and their use in bone tissue regeneration, cirrhosis treatment, and tissue vascularization.
The effects of taxol, a microtubule‐stabilizing drug, on steroidogenic cells (1985)

The effects of taxol on steroid production and microtubule polymerization were examined using Y-1 adrenocortical tumor cells, MLTC-1 Leydig tumor cells, and primary cultures of bovine adrenocortical cells. Taxol inhibited the following steroidogenic processes within the Y-1 and MLTC-1 cells: (1) hormonal increase of steroid production, (2) dibutyryl cyclic AMP-increased steroid production, and (3) hormone-stimulated pregnenolone production. The inhibitory action of taxol was concentration dependent and also resulted in an increase in cytoplasmic microtubules. In addition, the inhibitory action of taxol on hormone-stimulated steroid production was reversible. Taxol appeared to inhibit cholesterol movement to the mitochondrial site of cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme but did not affect overall protein synthesis. Interestingly, taxol did not affect hormone-stimulated steroid production in bovine adrenocortical cells. This lack of inhibition may correspond to the ultrastructural observation that microtubule bundling after taxol treatment was observed in the tumor cells but not in similarly treated bovine adrenal cells. With this conflicting information between cell types, a direct relationship between taxol treatment and inhibition of steroid production has not been established. However, these results suggest that taxol alters the rate of transport of cholesterol to the cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme within the steroidogenic tumor cells.
Development of Fast-Photospeed Chemically Amplified Resist in Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography (2005)

In a high-annealing type resist system that employs polyhyodroxy styrene as a base resin, we found that tri-phenysulfonium cyclo(1,3-perfluoropropanedisulfone) imidate when employed as a photoacid generator (PAG) is more sensitive than tri-phenysulfonium nonaflate under extreme ultraviolet (EUV) exposure. However, their sensitivities are almost the same under KrF and EB exposures. As results of both outgassing species and FT-IR measurements, the EUV-induced reaction of cyclo(1,3-perfluoropropanedisulfone) imidate employed as an anion of PAG occurred more efficiently than that of nonaflate employed as an anion of PAG. Therefore, the anion of PAG contributes to achieve a fast photospeed under EUV exposure. Furthermore, from the sensitivity curve measurements, it is found that tri-phenylsulfonium employed as a cation increases the developing rate more than diphenyl-naphthylsulfonium employed as a cation of PAG. As a result, we have succeeded in developing a fast photospeed chemically amplified resist that has a sensitivity of 1.1 mJ/cm 2 and a partial pressure displacement accumulated in the total exposure time between after and before exposures on the order of 10 -6 Pa s.
Recent advances in quadrotor capabilities (2011)

This video features advanced control capabilities for a quadrotor helicopter. We use an Ascending Technologies Hummingbird quadrotor [1] in conjunction with a Vicon [2] motion capture system in a flight arena [3] . The video shows a single quadrotor flying through windows with only three inches of clearance on any side of the platform and perching on vertical, declined, and inclined walls. Robustness to failed perching is demonstrated when it recovers to a stable hover from a failed perching attempt. Next, the video shows control along optimal trajectories through desired waypoints which includes flying through static and thrown hoops. Seen next is a gripper designed for the quadrotor to pickup objects and perch on horizontal surfaces. Finally, multiple quadrotors are shown cooperatively manipulating payloads to which they are rigidly attached.
Model T++ (2006)

We present an empirical registration model derived from the WLAN registration patterns of the mobile users. There exist models that accurately describe individually the spatial and temporal aspects of user registration, and demonstrate the importance of this modeling. The main distinction of the new model from the previous empirical models is that we are able to formulate the inter-dependence of space and time explicitly by a set of few equations. Our extensive studies of the WLAN traces indicate that a simple but proper notion of popularity radient suffices to capture the correlation across space and time. Indeed, when locations (i.e., AP coverage area) are differentiated with respect to the number of visits they are receiving (i.e., AP popularity), the time spent at each location i before user moves from i to k turns out to be closely related to the difference of popularity between locations i and k This observation led to the design of a joint time-space registration model (referred to as ModelT++) that builds upon the Model T, which itself models only the space aspect of the registration, but is derived from the same campus WiFi network. As part of the process of generating a joint space-time model, we further extend spatial aspects of the Model T. We evaluate our model using various metrics against a random walk model as well as the Model T by superimposing location independent time series on these space-only registration models. Our results suggest that with a slight increase in the model complexity, our joint time-space registration model is able to better capture the real network registration than the independent time models. Model T++ can be easily integrated into both WLAN and multi-hop wireless mesh network simulations that require realistic registration models.
Resist effects at small pitches (2006)

The ITRS roadmap and Moore’s law are driving us to print ever smaller features and ever tighter pitches. For these ultrasmall features and pitches, resist effects are expected to play a dominant role in limiting the overall lithographic process capability. To study the impact of resist parameters such as acid diffusion and quencher level on the lithographic performance, we have designed and formulated a matrix of 14 extreme ultraviolet (EUV) resists. In this article, we discuss results that we have obtained from EUV exposures of those resists on the 0.3 numerical aperture EUV Micro Exposure Tool at the Advanced Light Source at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories. In addition to exposure latitude and line edge roughness, acid diffusion lengths were characterized using a modification of the extended Nijboer–Zernike theory for each photoresist. A simple theory for the drop in resist contrast as function of the diffusion length is tested and leads to a verified correlation between exposure latitude and diffusion length. This theory gives guidelines to predict what acid diffusion lengths should be used for a certain lithography node. Line edge roughness analysis showed that shot noise statistics are present, and also points out that acid diffusion effects come into play. From the experimentally observed tendencies in this unique matrix of EUV photoresists, fundamental understanding was gained about prominent resist effects that will determine the lithographic performance of resist processes in future lithography nodes.
The Importance of Modeling the Imaging Chain (2010)

Digital images have become an important aspect of everyday life, from sharing family vacation pictures to capturing images from space. Thanks to the successful design of most digital cameras, ordinary photographers do not think about the chain of events that creates the image; they just push the button and the camera does the rest. However, engineers and scientists labored over the design of the camera and placed a lot of thought into the process that creates the digital image. So what exactly is a digital image, and what is the physical chain of events (called the imaging chain) that creates it (Fig. 1.1)? A digital image is simply an array of numbers with each number representing a brightness value, or gray-level value, for each picture element, or pixel (Fig. 1.2). The range of brightness values, called the dynamic range, is typically eight bits, giving 28 = 256 possible values with a range of 0-255, with zero being black and 255 being white. Three arrays of numbers representing red, green, and blue brightness values are combined to create a color image. When displayed, this array of numbers produces the image that we see. The array of numbers that makes up a digital image created by a camera is the result of a chain of physical events. The links in this chain impose physical limitations that prevent the camera from capturing a "perfect" image, i.e., an image that is an exact copy of the scene information. For example, a digital image will not continue to display higher details in the scene as we view the image under higher and higher magnification (Fig. 1.3). Most of us have seen a television show or movie where a digital image is discovered that might contain the critical information to catch the bad guy if they could only zoom in and see better detail. Along comes the brilliant scientist who, with a simple click of a button, magnifies the image to an amazing quality, revealing the information that leads straight to the culprit! This is great stuff for a crime thriller, but we know that the real world is not so kind.
Stability of polymeric thin film transistors for x-ray imaging applications (2007)

The effects of x-ray irradiation on the electrical performance of organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) have been examined up to equivalent lifetime doses for medical digital x-ray imaging backplanes. Transistor performance metrics have been assessed before and after exposures up to 500Gy for bottom-gate, bottom-contact OTFTs of p-channel polytriarylamine and polyfluorene semiconductors. There is no discernible degradation in device performance for either material and no indication of the creation of additional trap states. In situ measurements indicate that x-ray exposure tends to reverse undesirable shifts in the threshold voltage due to prolonged atmospheric exposure and bias stress.
Bi-directional Lattice Recurrent Neural Networks for Confidence Estimation (2019)

The standard approach to mitigate errors made by an automatic speech recognition system is to use confidence scores associated with each predicted word. In the simplest case, these scores are word posterior probabilities whilst more complex schemes utilise bi-directional recurrent neural network (BiRNN) models. A number of upstream and downstream applications, however, rely on confidence scores assigned not only to 1-best hypotheses but to all words found in confusion networks or lattices. These include but are not limited to speaker adaptation, semi-supervised training and information retrieval. Although word posteriors could be used in those applications as confidence scores, they are known to have reliability issues. To make improved confidence scores more generally available, this paper shows how BiRNNs can be extended from 1-best sequences to confusion network and lattice structures. Experiments are conducted using one of the Cambridge University submissions to the IARPA OpenKWS 2016 competition. The results show that confusion network and lattice-based BiRNNs can provide a significant improvement in confidence estimation.
Bayesian Functional Data Analysis UsingWinBUGS (2010)

We provide user friendly software for Bayesian analysis of functional data models using WinBUGS 1.4. The excellent properties of Bayesian analysis in this context are due to: (1) dimensionality reduction, which leads to low dimensional projection bases; (2) mixed model representation of functional models, which provides a modular approach to model extension; and (3) orthogonality of the principal component bases, which contributes to excellent chain convergence and mixing properties. Our paper provides one more, essential, reason for using Bayesian analysis for functional models: the existence of software.
HIGH ASPECT RATIO TRANSMISSION LINES MICROMACHINED IN SILICON WITH LARGE THERMAL OXIDE DIELECTRICS (2010)

A micromachining process has been developed to create high aspect ratio transmission lines on silicon. The transmission lines contain large SiO 2 dielectrics that separate the signal and ground conductors. The large SiO 2 dielectric is fabricated by merging silicon mesa arrays into solid SiO 2 mesas using thermal oxidation. We report measurements of a 40 semi-rectangular coaxial (SERC) line with an effective dielectric constant of 3.7 and attenuation of 1.3 dB/cm at 30 GHz.
Cyclam as a supramolecular synthon: infinite stacked arrays to encapsulation in superanions (1999)

Cyclam crystallised from CHCl3–hexane gives infinite, hydrogen bonded assembled columns; in acidic aqueous media (pH 2) in the presence of sodium p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene and the dichromium(III) aqua ion, the superanion or ionic capsule [[H4(cyclam)]4+ ⊂ {(p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene4–)2}]4– crystallises as the salt of [Cr2(OH)2(H2O)8]4+.
Non-volatile memories using SrBi2Ta2O9 ferroelectrics (1997)

Abstract Ferroelectric non-volatile memories (FENVM) are fabricated using spin-coat and fire deposition of the SrBi2Ta2O9 layered perovskite ferroelectric. Test memories using a 2 transistor-2 capacitor bit cell, top contacts to capacitors and single level metal were fabricated. We report here on the integration and electrical characteristics of fully functional 1 Kbit test memories.
Ternary interactions of spermine with DNA: 4′-epiadriamycin and other DNA: anthracycline complexes (1990)

The recently developed anthracycline 4'-epiadriamycin, an anti-cancer drug with improved activity, differs from adriamycin by inversion of the stereochemistry at the 4'-position. We have cocrystallized 4'-epiadriamycin with the DNA hexamer d(CGATCG) and solved the structure to 1.5 A resolution using x-ray crystallography. One drug molecule binds at each d(CG) step of the hexamer duplex. The anthracycline sugar binds in the minor groove. A feature of this complex which distinguishes it from the earlier DNA:adriamycin complex is a direct hydrogen bond from the 4'-hydroxyl group of the anthracycline sugar to the adenine N3 on the floor of the DNA minor groove. This hydrogen bond results directly from inversion of the stereochemistry at the 4'-position. Spermine molecules bind in the major groove of this complex. In anthracycline complexes with d(CGATCG) a spermine molecule binds to a continuous hydrophobic zone formed by the 5-methyl and C6 of a thymidine, C5 and C6 of a cytidine and the chromophore of the anthracycline. This report discusses three anthracycline complexes with d(CGATCG) in which the spermine molecules have different conformations yet form extensive van der Waals contacts with the same hydrophobic zone. Our results suggest that these hydrophobic interactions of spermine are DNA sequence specific and provide insight into the question of whether DNA:spermine complexes are delocalized and dynamic or site-specific and static.
Regular aspirin use and retinal microvascular signs: the Blue Mountains Eye Study (2006)

Our finding of a possible association between the combined use of aspirin and antihypertensive agent(s) and wider retinal arteriolar diameter warrants further investigation into the effects of aspirin on the microvasculature.
Second-harmonic Generation Microscopy of Carbon Nanotubes (2012)

We image an individual single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) by second-harmonic generation (SHG) and transmission electron microscopy and propose that SHG microscopy could be used to probe the handedness of chiral SWNTs.
Dual technological procedure for multijunction solar cell : InGaAs subcell Epitaxial Lift-Off combined with InP wafer recycling (2018)

International audience
Structure Based Innovative Approach to Analyze Aptaprobe-GPC3 Complexes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2022)

Abstract Background Glypican-3 (GPC3), a membrane-bound heparan sulfate proteoglycan, is a biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. Aptamers specifically binding to target biomolecules have recently emerged as clinical disease diagnosis targets. Here, we describe 3D structure-based aptaprobe platforms for detecting GPC3, such as aptablotting, aptaprobe-based sandwich assay (ALISA), and aptaoptical imaging analysis. Results For preparing the aptaprobe–GPC3 platforms, we obtained 12 high affinity aptamer candidates (GPC3_1 to GPC3_12) that specifically bind to target GPC3 molecules. Structure-based molecular interactions identified distinct aptatopic residues responsible for binding to the paratopic nucleotide sequences (nt-paratope) of GPC3 aptaprobes. Sandwichable and overlapped aptaprobes were selected through structural analysis. The aptaprobe specificity for using in HCC diagnostics were verified through Aptablotting and ALISA. Moreover, Aptaoptical imaging showed that the binding property of GPC3_3 and their GPC3 specificity were maintained in HCC xenograft models, which may indicate a new HCC imaging diagnosis. Conclusion Aptaprobe has the potential to be used as an affinity reagent to detect the target in vivo and in vitro diagnosing system.
Original Articles ; Expression and Purification of Fusion Proteins of Yeast ARS - Binding Factor Iwith Escherichia coli β- Galactosidase (1993)

Yeast autonomously replicating sequence binding factor Ⅰ (ABF-1) is a multifunctional phosphoprotein which plays a role in DNA replication and transcription. We fused two different portion of yeast ABFI gene to the β-galactosidase gene and expressed the fusion proteins in E. coli cells. Two kinds of fusion proteins, ABFI(55-104)-lacZ and ABFI(55-367)-lacZ were produced under the control of E. coli tac promoter at a level of 35∼40% and 10∼15%, respectively, of total bacterial proteins. The fusion proteins retained the β-galactosidase activity. The larger fusion protein was expressed in soluble forms, while the smaller fusion protein was expressed in an 80% soluble form. The two fusion proteins were purified by β-galactosidase affinity chromatography. The fusion proteins contained the zinc finger motif derived from ABF-I protein but did not bind to the ABF Ⅰ binding site of ARS1. The results imply a possibility that if the zinc finger motif serves as DNA binding motif, other additional regions may be required for ABF Ⅰ to bind to its recognition sequence.