gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New examples of mixed seleno-sulfides; reactions with triphenylphosphine (2002)

The formation of mixed seleno-sulfides by means of activation of methanephosphonoseleno(thio)ic acids with arylsulfenyl chloride is rationalized on the basis of NMR and identification of the products of their reactions with triphenylphosphine.
How have alternative bearings (such as metal-on-metal, highly cross-linked polyethylene, and ceramic-on-ceramic) affected the prevention and treatment of osteolysis? (2008)

Osteolysis is a multifactorial process dependent on surgical technique, implant design, patient factors, and material composition. Alternative bearing surfaces, such as highly cross-linked polyethylene, ceramic-on-ceramic, and metal-on-metal articular surfaces, have been introduced in an attempt to reduce wear and osteolysis following total hip arthroplasty. Intermediate-term follow-up data available suggest that the prevalence and severity of osteolysis may be reduced with these materials compared with conventional metal-on-polyethylene bearing surface couples. However, long-term data are presently unavailable; the future performance of these bearings awaits clinical validation.
A Circularly Polarized Parallel Plate Waveguide Lens-Like Multiple-Beam Linear Array Antenna for Satcom Applications (2023)

This work presents a full metal circularly-polarized lens-like antenna for Satcom applications at Ka-band. The antenna is composed of two continuous parallel plate waveguide (PPW) quasi-optical beamformers (QOBF), feeding an array of septum polarizers to generate circular polarization. The QOBFs operate over a wide band and provide a multi-beam coverage over a large field of view in the azimuthal plane, while maintaining a relatively simple mechanical design. The array of septum polarizers is based on a stepped profile to generate circular polarization with a good polarization purity in the uplink of Ka-band (27 - 31 GHz). The antenna is fully realized in aluminium. The antenna system provides 14 beams with alternating right/left handed circular polarization (RHCP/LHCP) with an axial ratio (AR) below 3 Db over an angular range of ±19° in the uplink of Ka-Band. The maximum gain in the azimuthal plane at 30 GHz is about 21 dB over the whole angular range, with a scan loss lower than 1.5 dB. The antenna efficiency is better than 78% for all beams in the operative band.
Mobility-based strategies for traffic steering in heterogeneous networks (2013)

The large increase in size and complexity experienced by cellular networks in recent years has led to a new paradigm known as heterogeneous networks, or HetNets. In this context, networks with different cell sizes, radio access technologies, or carrier frequencies can be deployed in the same environment. As the coverage area of each of these networks is typically overlapped, operators have some degree of freedom to modify user distributions across the networks (i.e., traffic steering) in order to improve network performance. This article introduces different mechanisms of traffic steering in HetNets, clarifying the specific goals that operators can set and focusing on those techniques that adjust mobility parameters, which are typically more attractive to achieve these goals. In addition, some challenging issues arising from particular HetNet deployments are discussed and illustrated by example use cases, which are applicable to an early stage of LTE deployment. Finally, a fuzzy-logic-based algorithm that optimizes network parameters for traffic steering is proposed.
Abstract 258: Whole genome analysis of hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer identifies role of localized hypermutational events (2023)

Abstract Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) is a rare hereditary condition affecting over 1 in 200,000 people worldwide. Individuals with HLRCC are also at risk of developing an aggressive form of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), as 15-20% of patients develop type 2 papillary RCC associated with poor prognosis. Although RCC risk and cancer penetrance of this condition has been studied, whole genome sequencing of associated tumors has yet to be examined, and the landscape of structural variants of HLRCC is largely unknown. We have therefore performed whole genome sequencing of tumor/normal pairs of HLRCC patients to study the tumor molecular architecture in this form of RCC. Through germline variant and somatic mutation calling, we have identified specific somatic mutational drivers, including those at the structural variant level for the first time in HLRCC. We have also quantified both chromothripsis and kataegis in these tumors, identifying the specific role of localized hypermutational events. Similarly, using tumour subclonal reconstruction techniques, we have inferred the clonality of HLRCC-associated RCC tumors and elucidate the relative timing of key oncogenic events and mutational processes. We also compare each of these mutational features to their equivalents in other RCC tumour subtypes. These studies shed key light on the specific mutational processes and drivers of this rare hereditary malignancy and on its lethality. Citation Format: Selina Wu, Paul C. Boutros. Whole genome analysis of hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer identifies role of localized hypermutational events [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 258.
Hsp90 as a capacitor of phenotypic (2002)

Heat-shockprotein90(Hsp90)chaperonesthe maturationof manyregulatory proteinsand,inthe fruitﬂy Drosophilamelanogaster,buffers genetic variation in morphogenetic pathways. Levels and patterns of genetic variation differ greatly between obligatorilyoutbreeding species such as fruitﬂies and self-fertilizing species such as the plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Also, plant developmentismoreplastic, being coupled to environmental cues. Here we report that, in Arabidopsis accessions and recombinant inbredlines,reducing Hsp90 function produces an array of morphological phenotypes, which are dependent on underlying genetic variation.The strength and breadth of Hsp90’s effects on the buffering and release of genetic variation suggests it may have an impact onevolutionary processes. We also show that Hsp90 inﬂuences morphogenetic responses to environmental cues and buffers normaldevelopment from destabilizing effects of stochastic processes. Manipulating Hsp90’s buffering capacity offers a tool forharnessing cryptic genetic variation and for elucidating the interplay between genotypes, environments and stochastic events inthe determination of phenotype.
Plasma-filled paraxial diode operation on RITS-3 (2006)

Summary form only given. In electron beam driven flash X-ray radiography, an electron beam is focused onto a high atomic number target to generate high dose X-rays while achieving small, <5 mm, spot sizes. The paraxial diode, which utilizes a gas-filled transport cell to focus the beam into a small spot, has been implemented for several decades. Recent particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations have identified key performance limitations which might prevent this diode from meeting future design requirements. The primary limitation to achieving a small, stable spot is the resistive decay of the plasma return current within the gas-filled transport cell. The time-dependent net currents cause the beam focal plane to shift axially during the timescale of the pulse. This axial movement, referred to as "beam sweep," smears out the radiographic spot, leading to a larger spot size than is desired. By replacing the neutral gas with a highly conductive, pre-ionized plasma with density of order 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">16</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> , simulations show that the net currents are significantly reduced so that little beam sweep occurs, thereby achieving a smaller time-integrated spot. A plasma-filled version of the paraxial diode was devised and fielded on the RITS-3 accelerator at Sandia National Laboratories, operating at 4 MV. Several RITS shots were fired with plasma densities typically in the range of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">15</sup> -10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">16</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> , as well as with initially neutral gas (0.5 torr hydrogen and 1-5 torr air). Stable spot sizes were measured for several plasma-filled paraxial diode shots. Highlights from the spectroscopic survey are reported. Plans for future plasma-filled paraxial diode investigations are also presented
In ovo assay for Marek's disease virus and turkey herpesvirus (1975)

Marek's disease virus (MDV) and the turkey herpesvirus (HVT) may be assayed on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of the chicken embryo after intravenous inoculation of chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) or chicken blood leukocytes infected with these viruses. Free HVT, MDV associated with Marek's tumor cells, and lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from Marek's tumors, may be assayed in the same way. The intravenous assay is quicker than the yolk sac assay and somewhat more sensitive than in vitro or conventional CAM assay after direct inoculation of the CAM. The optimal time for inoculation was day 10 of embryo incubation; therafter the log-10 CAM lesions decreased as a negative linear function of embryo age at the time of inoculation. The log-10 CAM lesions increased as a positive linear function of the time since inoculation. The optimal time for counts was day 5 after inoculation. The log-10 CAM lesions was a linear function of the log-10 cells in the inoculum; the slope was 1.0. Venous in ovo inoculation caused as increase in the weight of the spleen proportional to the number of CAM lesions. Repression of the splenomegaly, by prior X irradiation of the embryo, did not reduce the number of CAM lesions. Embryols from lines inbred for susceptibility to Marek's disease produced more CAM lesions than embryos from resistant lines. This difference did not depend on prior exposure of the mothers to MDV or HVT.
Development of N-[4-[6-(Isopropylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-N-methyl-4-[11C]methylbenzamide for Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Metabotropic Glutamate 1 Receptor in Monkey Brain (2012)

Three novel 4-substituted benzamides have been synthesized as potential ligands for the positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of metabotropic glutamate 1 (mGlu1) receptor in the brain. Of these compounds, N-(4-(6-(isopropylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-N,4-dimethylbenzamide (4) exhibited the highest binding affinity (K(i) = 13.6 nM) for mGlu1 and was subsequently labeled with carbon-11. In vitro autoradiography using rat brain sections showed that [(11)C]4 binding was consistent with the distribution of mGlu1, with high specific binding in the cerebellum and thalamus. PET studies with [(11)C]4 in monkey showed a high brain uptake and a kinetic profile suitable for quantitative analysis. Pretreatment with a mGlu1-selective ligand 16 largely decreased the brain uptake, indicating high in vivo specific binding of [(11)C]4 to mGlu1. In metabolite analysis, only unchanged [(11)C]4 was found in the brain. [(11)C]4 is a useful PET ligand for the imaging and quantitative analysis of mGlu1 in monkey brain and merits further evaluation in humans.
Scalable Production of Carbon Encapsulated Ni Nanoparticles by Water Arc Discharge: Structural and Magnetic Properties (2005)

An electric arc discharge in de-ionised water between a solid graphite cathode and an anode made by compressing Ni and C containing powders in a mass ratio of Ni:C = 7:3 was used here to prepare carbon encapsulated Ni nanoparticles in the form of powder suspended in water. The morphology of the produced material was analysed using high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The magnetic properties of the samples were determined using a Princeton vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Collection of the powder produced from different depths in the water container has proved to be an effective method for obtaining samples with narrow particle size distribution. Further material purification by dry NH4 plasma etching was used to remove the amorphous carbon content of the samples. XRD and HRTEM analysis showed that the material synthesized is fcc Ni particles with mean particle size ranging from 14 to 30 nm encapsulated in 2 to 5 graphitic cages. The data suggests that the process reported has the ability to mass-produce carbon encapsulated ferromagnetic nanoparticles with desired particle size distribution, and hence with controlled size-dependent magnetic properties.
Imaging local index variations in an optical waveguide using a tapping-mode near-field scanning optical microscope (1999)

Imaging local index variations by using a form of modulated near-field scanning optical microscopy is suggested. To test these ideas, we have probed two different optical structures, one a well-characterized BK-7 glass prism in the total internal reflection configuration, and the other a side-polished optical fiber waveguide with a step index of refraction of 4.5×10−3. Using a recently developed tapping-mode tuning-fork near-field scanning optical microscope, we have obtained images showing distinct local index variations. This method may have applicability to the characterization of a wide variety of optical waveguide structures.
Evidence that the β‐Peptide 14‐Helix is Stabilized by β3‐Residues with Side‐Chain Branching Adjacent to the β‐Carbon Atom (2002)

Abstract Oligomers of β ‐substituted β ‐amino acids (‘ β 3 ‐peptides') are known to adopt a helical secondary structure defined by 14‐membered ring hydrogen bonds (' 14 ‐helix'). Here, we describe a deca‐ β 3 ‐peptide, 1 , that does not adopt the 14 ‐helical conformation and that may prefer an alternative secondary structure. β 3 ‐Peptide 1 is composed exclusively of residues with side chains that are not branched adjacent to the β ‐C‐atom ( β 3 ‐hLeu, β 3 ‐hLys, and β 3 ‐hTyr). In contrast, an analogous β ‐peptide, 2 , containing β 3 ‐hVal residues in place of the β 3 ‐hLeu residues of 1 , adopts a 14 ‐helical conformation in MeOH, according to CD data. These results illustrate the importance of side‐chain branching in determining the conformational preferences of β 3 ‐peptides.
Selection of Waveform Parameters Using Machine Learning for 5G and Beyond (2019)

Flexibility is one of the essential requirements for future cellular communications technologies. Providing customized communications solutions for each user and service type cannot be possible without the flexibility in 5G and beyond. Different optimizations need to be done for the flexibility related structures of 5G and beyond systems. In this paper, a novel machine learning (ML) based selection mechanism for the configurable waveform parameters is designed from the flexibility perspective. Moreover, a simulation based dataset generation methodology is proposed for ML systems. Results of computer simulations are presented using the generated dataset.
Nash games with decision-dependent information structures (1980)

This paper considers a class of two-person Nash games where the players announce their strategies at the same time but they apply their strategies at different times. The player who makes the last move can formulate his strategy as a function of the other player's decision. A single stage two person Nash game with this type of decision-dependent information structure is discussed and a static game model of a market structure is given. This market contains two sellers who are assumed to behave as Cournot-Nash duopolist, but with a decision-dependent information structure. It is shown that the seller who makes the last move can always increase his profits by using his knowledge of the other seller's strategy. This type of a decision-dependent information structure is then examined in the multi-stage dynamic case.
Effect of Transient Boundary Conditions and Detailed Thermal Modeling of Data Center Rooms (2011)

With the ever increasing heat loads dissipated by computer hardware, the ability to accurately characterize the cooling requirements in data centers is becoming crucial. Computational fluid dynamics modeling has proven in many cases to be adequate in providing a general understanding of the thermal environment in data centers. However, almost all analyses of data centers to this day are conducted in steady state. The effect of changes in hardware configurations and cooling resources on server rack inlet temperatures and airflow through servers has not been adequately investigated. This paper introduces transient modeling of data centers with changing power dissipations and computer room air-conditioning (CRAC) airflow rates. Transient modeling proves advantageous in monitoring temperature fluctuations due to airflow changes, which in some cases leads to insufficient cooling. In addition, modeling server thermal mass is shown to be important for transient analysis, as it can lead to overshoots in temperatures. Another segment of this paper looks at the effect of introducing thermal characteristics curves into CRAC modeling on server inlet temperature. All the cases presented show that fixed CRAC supply temperature is a non-valid assumption.
Magnetic Properties of Mechanically Milled Sm-Co Permanent Magnetic Materials with the TbCu<SUB>7</SUB> Structure (2006)

The magnetic properties of Sm(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)7 compound with the TbCu7 structure are studied for the mechanically milled samples. The coercivity could be varied, without affecting the saturation magnetization, from 44 kA/m for the micron sized particles to 280 kA/m by reducing the particle size to sub-micron size (600–900 nm) using high-energy ball milling. The enhancement in the coercivity is attributed to the particles approaching single domain size. The presence of dipolar coupling suggests that the grain sizes are well above the exchange length for the milled samples. The thermal measurements indicate that the compound with the TbCu7 structure is not stable at high temperatures beyond 743 K.
[Studies on parametrial infiltration of uterine cervical cancer (author's transl)]. (1981)

It is clear that the prognosis of uterine cervical cancer depends on the spread of cancer, especially lymphnodes metastases and parametrial infiltration. The correct diagnosis of parametrial infiltration before treatment is, however, difficult and there are many over- and under-diagnosis. In this paper, we discuss the details of parametrial infiltration based on the radically hysterectomized specimens in Shinshu University Hospital from 1964 to 1978. In these period, 284 cases of uterine cervical cancer were operated by Okabayashi's radical hysterectomy and our postoperative classification were carried out. The results were as follows; 1) The incidence of parametrial infiltration were 16.4 in Stage Ib, 36.6% in Stage IIa, 57.5% in Stage IIb and 35.6% in all cases. 2) When divided the parametrial tissue into three parts, we could find carcinomatous infiltration into uterine part in 77.3% of positive cases, middle part in 16.2% and pelvic part in 16.2%. 3) The agreement between clinical diagnosis and histological findings were 72.2% in all cases. 4) The CPL classification had close relation with parametrial infiltration (C type; 0%, P type; 17.9%, L type; 61.8%). 5) The 5-year survival rate of patients with infiltration showed poor outcome (63.0% in 81 cases), but that with no infiltration had good prognosis (98.4% in 128 cases). In conclusion, parametrial infiltration is very important for treating the uterine cervical cancer patients.
Properties of ultrahigh-Tg chromophoric polyimides and polyureas as high-performance nonlinear optical materials: architecture-processing-temporal stability relationships (1995)

Three complementary approaches to the construction of electric field polable high-Tg (glass transition temperature) polyimides and polyureas as second-order NLO materials are discussed. In the first approach, copolymerization of bismaleimides with o,o'- diallylbisphenol A followed by functionalization with high-(beta) NLO chromophores using a Mitsunobu procedure yields, after poling and curing, a series of heavily crosslinked chromophoric polyimides with Tg values as high as approximately 260 degree(s)C and (chi) <SUP>(2</SUP>) responses as high as 1.0 X 10<SUP>-7</SUP> esu (42 pm/V at (lambda) <SUB>o</SUB> equals 1064 nm, 1.17 eV). In the second two approaches, copolymerization of the chromophore 4,5-bis(4'aminophenyl)-2-(4'-nitrophenyl)imidazole with bismaleimides or diisocyanates yields polyimides and polyureas with Tg values as high as 292 degree(s)C and partially resonant (chi) <SUP>(2</SUP>) values as high as 0.62 X 10<SUP>-7</SUP> esu (25 pm/V at (lambda) <SUB>o</SUB> equals 1064 nm). It is found that careful attention to the details of curing and crosslinking during poling results in NLO-active matrices exhibiting negligible decay in (chi) <SUP>(2</SUP>) on aging in air at 100 degree(s)C for periods of 1000 - 4000 h. The imidazole- based materials exhibit only approximately 10% (chi) <SUP>(2</SUP>) decay on aging for 100 h at 200 degree(s)C under N<SUB>2</SUB>.
5-Hydroxytryptamine potentiates vasoconstrictor effect of endothelin-1 (1992)

Interactions between 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) relative to contraction of rat aortic rings were examined in this study. Pretreatment of rings with threshold concentration of 5-HT potentiated the subsequent contractile response to ET-1. However, pretreatment with threshold concentration of ET-1 did not potentiate the contractile response to 5-HT. The 5-HT receptor antagonist LY 53857 blocked the synergistic contractile effects of 5-HT and ET-1 on rat aortic rings. Indomethacin and the thromboxane A2/endoperoxide receptor antagonist SQ 29548 also attenuated (P less than 0.05) the synergistic contractile effects of 5-HT and ET-1, suggesting release of thromboxane A2 or expression of thromboxane A2 receptors during this interaction. The calcium channel blocker verapamil also decreased the synergistic contractile effects of 5-HT and ET-1. Contraction of aortic rings by 5-HT alone was abolished by LY 53857 and attenuated by verapamil, diltiazem, and SQ 29548. Decrease in the force of contraction by verapamil as well as diltiazem indicates activation of voltage-dependent calcium channels during 5-HT-mediated contraction and perhaps during amplification of the vasoconstrictor activity of ET-1 by 5-HT.