gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Scene Synchronization for Real-Time Interaction in Distributed Mixed\n Reality and Virtual Reality Environments (2018)

Advances in computer networks and rendering systems facilitate the creation\nof distributed collaborative environments in which the distribution of\ninformation at remote locations allows efficient communication. One of the\nchallenges in networked virtual environments is maintaining a consistent view\nof the shared state in the presence of inevitable network latency and jitter. A\nconsistent view in a shared scene may significantly increase the sense of\npresence among participants and facilitate their interactivity. The dynamic\nshared state is directly affected by the frequency of actions applied on the\nobjects in the scene. Mixed Reality (MR) and Virtual Reality (VR) environments\ncontain several types of action producers including human users, a wide range\nof electronic motion sensors, and haptic devices. In this paper, the authors\npropose a novel criterion for categorization of distributed MR/VR systems and\npresent an adaptive synchronization algorithm for distributed MR/VR\ncollaborative environments. In spite of significant network latency, results\nshow that for low levels of update frequencies the dynamic shared state can be\nmaintained consistent at multiple remotely located sites.\n
Long-Term Staphylococcal Enterotoxin C1 Exposure Induces Soluble Factor-Mediated Immunosuppression by Bovine CD4+and CD8+T Cells (2006)

Regulatory T cells (T(regs)) help control the development and maintenance of protective immunity and can lead to aberrant immune responses to some pathogens. Several lines of evidence suggest that T(regs) are induced by exposure to superantigens (SAgs) in vitro or in vivo. In this study, bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were exposed in vitro to a relatively low dose (5 ng/ml) of staphylococcal enterotoxin C1 (SEC1) for up to 10 days. Upon stimulation, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells initially proliferated at similar rates. Subsequently, from days 6 through 10, most CD4+ and CD8+ T cells proliferated regardless of Vbeta specificity, but the proliferation of CD8+ T cells occurred more vigorously. The transcription of CD25 and CD152 genes increased, whereas that of interleukin-2 (IL-2) decreased. gammadelta T cells appeared to be unresponsive. An increase in the transcription of IL-10 and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) genes in SEC1-stimulated cultures was attributed to the CD4+ CD25+ T-cell subpopulation. The expression of Foxp3 mRNA also increased and was accompanied by the upregulation of CD152 and the downregulation of IL-2 transcription, suggesting that cells in this subpopulation are T(regs). Functionally, SEC1-stimulated CD4+ T cells suppressed the proliferation of naive PBMC in response to heat-killed-fixed Staphylococcus aureus. The suppression was partially mediated by IL-10 and TGF-beta, another characteristic of certain types of T(regs.) The CD8+ T-cell population also suppressed naive PBMC through another mechanism not mediated by IL-10 or TGF-beta. These results provide further insight into the potential mechanisms by which SAgs could contribute to evasion of the immune response, affecting the outcome of infection or colonization.
The Role of Ethnic Disparities in the Outcomes of Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2022)

Bariatric surgery is increasingly performed over the past decade for the treatment of morbid obesity. It has beneficial effects on weight reduction, along with diabetes remission. Conflicting results have been reported to evaluate the effect of ethics differences on the outcomes of bariatric surgery. We conducted this meta-analysis to outline the effects of ethnic differences on the outcomes of bariatric surgery, including weight reduction, biochemical variables, diabetes, and hypertension remission. A comprehensive literature search was conducted, using PubMed, Web of Science (ISI), Google Scholar, Popline, Global Health Library (GHL), Virtual Health Library (VHL) including Cochrane database, New York Academy of Medicine (NYAM), and System for Information on Grey Literature in Europe (SIGLE) for studies reporting body mass index (BMI), percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL), waist circumference, hypertension, lipid profile, and diabetes variables. We used the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) tool (Bethesda, MD: NHLBI, National Institutes of Health {NIH}) for quality assessment. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 2 software (Englewood, NJ: Biostat, Inc.) was applied to perform the meta-analysis of the variables of interest. We included 23 studies of 71,679 subjects, who underwent bariatric surgery. The majority of the included cases were Whites 55,030 (77%), while 705 (1%) were Asians. The percentages of Blacks, African Americans, Hispanics, and Non-Hispanics were 9.3%, 1.3%, 10.4%, and 1%, respectively. BMI showed no significant difference between Whites vs African American and Hispanic vs Non-Hispanic groups (MD: 0.858; 95% CI: 3.408-1.691; p = 0.509 and MD: 0.455; 95% CI: 2.444-1.554; p = 0.663, respectively). The same result was reported for %EWL, comparing Whites vs African Americans. Lipid biochemical variables, diabetes remission, and hypertension control were significantly more seen among the Asian population. In conclusion, we reported a significant ethnic diversity and reduction in waist circumference, hyperlipidemia, and the associated morbidity one year after bariatric surgery in the Asian population. Further, high-quality prospective studies should focus on the social and psychological ethnic differences associated with obesity.
Genome-wide analysis of Fis binding in Escherichia coli indicates a causative role for A-/AT-tracts (2008)

We determined the genome-wide distribution of the nucleoid-associated protein Fis in Escherichia coli using chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with high-resolution whole genome-tiling microarrays. We identified 894 Fis-associated regions across the E. coli genome. A significant number of these binding sites were found within open reading frames (33%) and between divergently transcribed transcripts (5%). Analysis indicates that A-tracts and AT-tracts are an important signal for preferred Fis-binding sites, and that A(6)-tracts in particular constitute a high-affinity signal that dictates Fis phasing in stretches of DNA containing multiple and variably spaced A-tracts and AT-tracts. Furthermore, we find evidence for an average of two Fis-binding regions per supercoiling domain in the chromosome of exponentially growing cells. Transcriptome analysis shows that approximately 21% of genes are affected by the deletion of fis; however, the changes in magnitude are small. To address the differential Fis bindings under growth environment perturbation, ChIP-chip analysis was performed using cells grown under aerobic and anaerobic growth conditions. Interestingly, the Fis-binding regions are almost identical in aerobic and anaerobic growth conditions-indicating that the E. coli genome topology mediated by Fis is superficially identical in the two conditions. These novel results provide new insight into how Fis modulates DNA topology at a genome scale and thus advance our understanding of the architectural bases of the E. coli nucleoid.
2125 A Study of AMR simulation with pFTT Data Structures (2006)

This paper describes a simulation of octree AMR using Fully Threaded Tree with Pedigree (pFTT) data structure that is most suitable for adaptive mesh strategy among standard, FTT and pFTT data structures. To validate the present approach, a scalar transport equation was calculated on pFTT, using AMR with scalar gradient as an index for joining and splitting cells. According to numerical experiments, it was found that this method was able to capture a face of discontinuity appropriately. Skipping the process of joining and splitting, however, leads to the decline of the numerical accuracy and the increase of the calculation costs. Reasonably good results were obtained with every or every 2 steps joining and splitting on pFTT using AMR.
Mono-energy coronary angiography with a compact light source (2017)

While conventional x-ray tube sources reliably provide high-power x-ray beams for everyday clinical practice, the broad spectra that are inherent to these sources compromise the diagnostic image quality. For a monochromatic x-ray source on the other hand, the x-ray energy can be adjusted to optimal conditions with respect to contrast and dose. However, large-scale synchrotron sources impose high spatial and financial demands, making them unsuitable for clinical practice. During the last decades, research has brought up compact synchrotron sources based on inverse Compton scattering, which deliver a highly brilliant, quasi-monochromatic, tunable x-ray beam, yet fitting into a standard laboratory. One application that could benefit from the invention of these sources in clinical practice is coronary angiography. Being an important and frequently applied diagnostic tool, a high number of complications in angiography, such as renal failure, allergic reaction, or hyperthyroidism, are caused by the large amount of iodine-based contrast agent that is required for achieving sufficient image contrast. Here we demonstrate monochromatic angiography of a porcine heart acquired at the MuCLS, the first compact synchrotron source. By means of a simulation, the CNR in a coronary angiography image achieved with the quasi-mono-energetic MuCLS spectrum is analyzed and compared to a conventional x-ray-tube spectrum. The results imply that the improved CNR achieved with a quasi-monochromatic spectrum can allow for a significant reduction of iodine contrast material.
Weighted Likelihood Function of Multiple Statistical Parameters to Retrieve 2D TRUS-MR Slice Correspondece for Prostate Biopsy (2012)

International audience
Development of a positron-imaging detector with background rejection capability (2005)

We developed and tested a positron-imaging detector with background rejection capability for FDG guided surgery. The detector consists of an array of phoswich scintillators, multi-channel position-sensitive photo-multiplier tube (PSPMT) and a electronics circuit. The scintillators and the PSPMT are encased in a tungsten shield and collimators are mounted on the top of the detector. Positrons are detected by the plastic scintillators while annihilation photons are detected by the BGOs. By using a pulse shape analysis, we can distinguish the true events (positrons) from background gamma events. The size of a plastic scintillator is 2mmtimes2mmtimes3mm and that of BGO is 2mmtimes2mmtimes15mm. These scintillators are optically coupled to each other and combined in 8times8 array. The array is optically coupled to the 1-inch square 8times8 multi-channel PSPMT through an optical fibers 2 mm in diameter 3 mm in thickness. The position determination of the positrons is performed by 64 channel threshold circuits while the pulse shape analysis is applied for the summing signal. The spatial resolution was measured by positioning an F-18 point source on the one pixel of the detector. The spillover to the neighbor pixel was less than 20%. The background count rate was less than 2cps for a 20 cm diameter, 20 cm height cylinder phantom contained 3.7MBq of F-18. Results indicated that developed positron-imaging detector will be useful for FDG-guided surgery
Hydrogen Motion in Magnesium Hydride by NMR (2008)

In coarse-grained MgH2, the diffusive motion of hydrogen remains too slow (<105 hops s−1) to narrow the H NMR line up to 400 °C. Slow-motion dipolar relaxation time T1D measurements reveal the motion, with hopping rate ωH from 0.1 to 430 s−1over the range of 260 to 400 °C, the first direct measurement of H hopping in MgH2. The ωH data are described by an activation energy of 1.72 eV (166 kJ/mol) and attempt frequency of 2.5 × 1015 s−1. In ball-milled MgH2 with 0.5 mol % added Nb2O5 catalyst, line-narrowing is evident already at 50 °C. The line shape shows distinct broad and narrow components corresponding to immobile and mobile H, respectively. The fraction of mobile H grows continuously with temperature, reaching ∼30% at 400 °C. This demonstrates that this material’s superior reaction kinetics are due to an increased rate of H motion, in addition to the shorter diffusion paths from ball-milling. In ball-milled MgH2 without additives, the line-narrowed component is weaker and is due, at least in part, to trapped H2 gas. The spin−lattice relaxation rates T1−1 of all materials are compared, with ball-milling markedly increasing T1−1. The weak temperature dependence of T1−1 suggests a mechanism with paramagnetic relaxation centers arising from the mechanical milling.
ChemInform Abstract: A GENERAL, HIGHLY STEREOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF AMINES (1982)

Abstract Die Reduktion von N‐Benzyl‐2‐methyl‐cyclohexanonimin (I) mit verschiedenen Boranaten, Borhydriden oder Alanaten zu den stereoisomeren Aminen (II) wird systematisch untersucht.
Progressive Die Stamped Steel Aerostable Penetrator Design and Flight Test Results (2016)

The US Army has been investigating an aerostable penetrator formed from sheetmetal using progressive die stamping technology. One advantage of this approach is that the penetrator shaft is substantially rectangular in cross section, increasing packing density relative to more conventional designs. A second advantage is that the sheet metal technology allows greater control of the tailfin geometry. The tailfin span can be increased beyond the limits that would be imposed by forging or swaging technologies if the increase is needed for optimal flight stability. The disadvantage of the sheetmetal technology is that conventional cruciform tailfins cannot be produced. The AMRDEC has investigated three tailfin design concepts and has found a configuration that provides both aerodynamic stability and good packaging density. This paper will provide an overview of the penetrator airframe design and will discuss flight testing aerodynamic results.
Vectorial adaptive optics: correction of polarization and phase (2022)

We extend the adaptive optics (AO) technique into the vectorial domain, encompassing feedback correction of both polarisation and phase. We show the new AO can be implemented in various ways from sensor-based to sensorless.
Load distribution to minimise pressure-related pain on foot: a model (2013)

Pressure at which there is an onset of pain is higher when a larger area of soft tissue is stimulated. Bony areas may be better suited to bear load on smaller areas to minimise pressure-related pain. Thus, manipulating supporting surface stiffness and surface contours can help minimise pain.
Amplitude Amplified Dual-Mass Gyroscope: Design Architecture and Noise Mitigation Strategies (2019)

This paper presents our latest test results of an amplitude amplified dual-mass MEMS gyroscope. We discuss the effects of quadrature errors, parasitic capacitance, and frontend components on gyroscope's performance. Three mitigation strategies were utilized, including (1) precision electrostatic frequency tuning to reduce quadrature errors and to compensate for imperfections; (2) increased sensing capacitance to boost Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR); (3) a custom low-noise front-end electronics with balanced and differential pick-off channels to improve SNR and reduce noise. A performance of 0.09 deg/hr in-run bias stability and 0.0096 deg/rt-hr Angle Random Walk (ARW) were reported in the paper.
Serum chemerin and PCT levels in patients with hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis (2019)

Objective
To investigate the serum levels of chemerin and procalcitonin (PCT) in patients with hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis (HLAP), and to explore their changes and significance.


Methods
A total of 82 HLAP patients admitted to the First People′s Hospital of Suqian from January 2016 to July 2018 were selected. The patients were classified into severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) patients (34 cases) and mild acute pancreatitis (MAP) patients (48 cases). Fifty healthy adults were included as a healthy control group. Serum levels of chemerin were measured using an ELISA kit, and the levels of PCT were measured by immunoassay. The t-test was used to compare serum chemerin and PCT between the healthy control group, MAP group, and SAP group, as well as between the death and non-death groups. Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between serum chemerin and PCT, as well as between serum chemerin or PCT and blood biochemical indicators or the severity of acute pancreatitis.


Results
Compared with the healthy control group [(303.7±106.9) μg/L], serum chemerin level significantly increased in the MAP group [(472.9 ± 158.6) μg/L] and SAP group [(653.4±229.3) μg/L], and pairwise comparisons were statistically significant (P 0.05); Serum levels of PCT were positively correlated with serum levels of CRP and lactate dehydrogenase (r=0.420, 0.430, P=0.004, 0.004), but had no correlation with serum TG, total cholesterol, and amylase (r=0.182, 0.144, 0.210, P>0.05). Serum levels of chemerin and PCT were both positively correlated with APACHE II and Ranson score (r=0.370, 0.428, P=0.024, 0.013; r=0.376, 0.320, P=0.018, 0.021). Six patients died of SAP. There was no significant difference in chemerin or PCT level between the dead patients and non-dead patients [(770.6±182.3) μg/L vs (678.3±246.5) μg/L, (10.60±3.87) μg/L vs (7.45±3.58) μg/L, P>0.05].


Conclusion
In HLAP patients, serum chemerin and PCT levels significantly increase and positively correlate with disease severity. These results suggest that chemerin and PCT may act as potential serum markers for HLAP severity evaluation.


Key words: 
Pancreatitits; Hyperlipemia; Chemerin; Protalcitonin
Real‐time acquisition, display, and interactive graphic control of NMR cardiac profiles and images (1993)

A highly interactive MRI scanner interface has been developed that allows, for the first time, real-time graphic control of one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) cardiac MRI exams. The system comprises a Mercury array processor (AP) in a Sun SPARCserver with two connections to the MRI scanner, a data link that passes the NMR data directly to the AP as they are collected, and a control link that passes commands from the Sun to the scanner to redirect the imaging pulse sequence in real time. In the 1D techniques, a cylinder or "pencil" of magnetization is repeatedly excited using gradient-echo or spin-echo line-scan sequences, with the magnetization read out each time along the length of the cylinder, and a scrolling display generated on the Sun monitor. Rubber-band lines drawn on the scout image redirect the pencil or imaging slice to different locations, with the changes immediately visible in the display. M-mode imaging, 1D flow imaging, and 2D fast cardiac imaging have been demonstrated on normal volunteers using this system. This platform represents an operator-"friendly" way of directing real-time imaging of the heart.
MultiSoma: Motor and Gaze Analysis on Distributed Embodiment With Synchronized Behavior and Perception (2022)

Human behavior and perception are optimized for a single body. Yet, the human brain has plasticity, which allows us to extend our body schema. By utilizing technology like robotics or virtual reality (VR), we can modify our body parts or even add a new body to our own while retaining control over these parts. However, the update of body cognition when controlling multiple bodies has not been well examined. In this study, we explore the task performance and body cognition of humans when they have multiple full bodies as an extended embodiment. Our experimental system allows a participant to control up to four bodies at the same time and perceive sensory information from them. The participant experiences synchronizing behavior and vision perception in a virtual environment. We set up three tasks for multiple bodies and evaluated the cognition of these bodies with their gazing information, task performances, and subjective ratings. We found that humans can have the sense of body ownership and agency for each body when controlling multiple bodies simultaneously. Furthermore, it was observed that people manipulate multiple bodies by actively switching their attention in a static environment and passively switching their attention in a dynamic environment. Distributed embodiment has the potential to extend human behavior in cooperative work, parallel work, group behavior, and so on.
Carrier Transportation of Rapid Thermal Annealed CeO[sub 2] Gate Dielectrics (2004)

We investigated the carrier transportation of ultrathin gate dielectrics with rapid thermal annealing (RTA). After annealing, the effective oxide thickness was decreased and the characteristics were significantly improved. Temperature dependence of gate leakage current was studied and Frenkel-Poole dominated the conduction mechanism for low RTA temperature. As the annealing temperature increases, Fowler-Nordheim tunneling became much more important and the electron barrier height of 0.75 eV was extracted for future modeling and simulation. In addition, the energy band diagram of structure was established for the first time. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Crystal Structure of the PIM2 Kinase in Complex with an Organoruthenium Inhibitor (2009)

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Speeding up Counter Mode in Software and Hardware (2014)

Counter mode is one of the standard modes of operation for block ciphers. It has performance advantages due to its high parallelism. For a given key and a 96-bit IV, a 128-bit ciphertext block is computed by XOR-ing the corresponding plaintext block with the encryption of a unique 128-bit Counter Block. The Counter Block values are generated by incrementing a 32-bit counter that is concatenated to the 96-bit IV. In this paper, we show how to leverage the fact that the only 32 bits of the Counter Block are incremented, to gain a noticeable improvement in software implementations, and savings in hardware implementations for AES-CTR mode. We show a new optimization that speeds up a table-based software implementation by a factor of 1.11x on the 2nd Generation Intel Core Processor, and by 1.08x when using the AES-NI. This optimization speeds up the CTR mode by a factor of 1.18x on the 4th Generation Intel Core Processor.
Heterocyclic Diamidine DNA Ligands as HOXA9 Transcription Factor Inhibitors: Design, Molecular Evaluation, and Cellular Consequences in a HOXA9-Dependant Leukemia Cell Model (2019)

Most transcription factors were for a long time considered as undruggable targets because of the absence of binding pockets for direct targeting. HOXA9, implicated in acute myeloid leukemia, is one of them. To date, only indirect targeting of HOXA9 expression or multitarget HOX/PBX protein/protein interaction inhibitors has been developed. As an attractive alternative by inhibiting the DNA binding, we selected a series of heterocyclic diamidines as efficient competitors for the HOXA9/DNA interaction through binding as minor groove DNA ligands on the HOXA9 cognate sequence. Selected DB818 and DB1055 compounds altered HOXA9-mediated transcription in luciferase assays, cell survival, and cell cycle, but increased cell death and granulocyte/monocyte differentiation, two main HOXA9 functions also highlighted using transcriptomic analysis of DB818-treated murine Hoxa9-transformed hematopoietic cells. Altogether, these data demonstrate for the first time the propensity of sequence-selective DNA ligands to inhibit HOXA9/DNA binding both in vitro and in a murine Hoxa9-dependent leukemic cell model.