gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Permanent-Magnet Demagnetization Design and Validation (2016)

This paper investigates demagnetization characteristics of rare-earth permanent magnets (PMs) used in electric machines. A test fixture was designed and built to induce controllable local demagnetization in the magnet sample under test. A range of demagnetizing magnetomotive force (MMF) was applied to force the magnet samples to operate at various points along their B–H curves. The degree of demagnetization in the magnet samples was measured with a computer-controlled two-dimensional (2-D) flux mapping device. The measurements are compared with three-dimensional (3-D) finite-element analysis (FEA) simulations. This study results in greater insight into the capability of magnets to withstand various demagnetization forces and how spatially varying material properties affect this capability. The understanding gained from this study can be applied to the test and validation of the magnetic properties of the PMs used in the electric machines.
Procurement and biological significance of pure 11C-glucose. (1984)

Biological significance of 11C-glucose purity has been a controversial matter. In order to understand the contribution of impurities contained in the photosynthetic 11C-glucose, its analysis and biodistribution in mice was studied. Studies indicated the interference of impurities, particularly 11C-fructose in the injectate, with the quantitative evaluation of glucose metabolic rate in brain. Furthermore, results obtained offered a good basis for search of simpler and easier separation methodology. Namely, good selection and combination of commercially available high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) column provided 11C-glucose with high radiochemical purity. The radiochemical yield achieved was 6-10% at 75 min after the end of bombardment including the HPLC purification. The imaging study by positron computed tomography in a rabbit showed the suitability of 11C-glucose as a radiopharmaceutical for the diagnosis of the brain function.
Myeloid antigens in childhood lymphoblastic leukemia:clinical data point to regulation of CD66c distinct from other myeloid antigens (2005)

In contrast to general notion we show that different MyAgs in lymphoblastic leukemia represent different biological circumstances. We chose the most frequent and tightly genotype-associated MyAg CD66c to show its stabile expression in patients from diagnosis to relapse, which differs from what is known on the other MyAgs. Surface expression of CD66c is regulated at the gene transcription level, in contrast to previous reports.
Experimental Study of Beam Dynamics In The PIP-II MEBT Prototype (2018)

The Proton Improvement Plan, Stage Two (PIP-II) is a program of upgrades proposed for the Fermilab injection complex, which central part is an 800 MeV, 2 mA CW SRF linac. A prototype of the PIP-II linac front end called PIP-II Injector Test (PIP2IT) is being built at Fermilab. As of now, a 15 mA DC, 30-keV H- ion source, a 2 m-long Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT), a 2.1 MeV CW RFQ, followed by a 10 m Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) have been assembled and commissioned. The MEBT bunch-by-bunch chopping system and the requirement of a low uncontrolled beam loss put stringent limitations on the beam envelope and its variation. Measurements of transverse and longitudinal beam dynamics in the MEBT were performed in the range of 1-10 mA of the RFQ beam current. Almost all measurements are made with 10 μs beam pulses in order to avoid damage to the beam line. This report presents measurements of the transverse optics with differential trajectories, reconstruction of the beam envelope with scrapers and an Allison emittance scanner, as well as bunch length measurements with a Fast Faraday Cup.
Synthesis of Two Naphthoquinone Antibiotics, Dehydroherbarin and 6-Deoxybostrycoidin (2000)

The synthesis of two naphthoquinone antibiotics, dehydroherbarin (7) and 6-deoxybostrycoidin (5), was accomplished by reaction of 3-acetonyl-2-bromomethyl-6,8-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (23) with either triethylamine or ammonia, respectively. This is the first report on their synthesis.
The influence of mechanical strain magnitude on bone adaptation to porous-coated implants (2003)

In order to investigate the hypothesis that trabecular bone tissue adapts its structure according to its mechanical strain magnitude, voxel-based FEA was used to model the interface mechanics of a hydraulically-loaded implant experiment. Although the applied loads produced a wide range of tissue strain levels, the loads were insufficient for preventing the long-term bone atrophy observed in unloaded bones. These results suggest that bone remodeling processes are influenced by other factors besides strain magnitude.
MedLDA: Maximum Margin Supervised Topic Models (2018)

A supervised topic model can use side information such as ratings or labels associated with documents or images to discover more predictive low dimensional topical representations of the data. However, existing supervised topic models predominantly employ likelihood-driven objective functions for learning and inference, leaving the popular and potentially powerful max-margin principle unexploited for seeking predictive representations of data and more discriminative topic bases for the corpus. In this paper, we propose the maximum entropy discrimination latent Dirichlet allocation (MedLDA) model, which integrates the mechanism behind the max-margin prediction models (e.g., SVMs) with the mechanism behind the hierarchical Bayesian topic models (e.g., LDA) under a unified constrained optimization framework, and yields latent topical representations that are more discriminative and more suitable for prediction tasks such as document classification or regression. The principle underlying the MedLDA formalism is quite general and can be applied for jointly max-margin and maximum likelihood learning of directed or undirected topic models when supervising side information is available. Efficient variational methods for posterior inference and parameter estimation are derived and extensive empirical studies on several real data sets are also provided. Our experimental results demonstrate qualitatively and quantitatively that MedLDA could: 1) discover sparse and highly discriminative topical representations; 2) achieve state of the art prediction performance; and 3) be more efficient than existing supervised topic models, especially for classification.
High-kGate Dielectrics for Emerging Flexible and Stretchable Electronics (2018)

Recent advances in flexible and stretchable electronics (FSE), a technology diverging from the conventional rigid silicon technology, have stimulated fundamental scientific and technological research efforts. FSE aims at enabling disruptive applications such as flexible displays, wearable sensors, printed RFID tags on packaging, electronics on skin/organs, and Internet-of-things as well as possibly reducing the cost of electronic device fabrication. Thus, the key materials components of electronics, the semiconductor, the dielectric, and the conductor as well as the passive (substrate, planarization, passivation, and encapsulation layers) must exhibit electrical performance and mechanical properties compatible with FSE components and products. In this review, we summarize and analyze recent advances in materials concepts as well as in thin-film fabrication techniques for high- k (or high-capacitance) gate dielectrics when integrated with FSE-compatible semiconductors such as organics, metal oxides, quantum dot arrays, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and other 2D semiconductors. Since thin-film transistors (TFTs) are the key enablers of FSE devices, we discuss TFT structures and operation mechanisms after a discussion on the needs and general requirements of gate dielectrics. Also, the advantages of high- k dielectrics over low- k ones in TFT applications were elaborated. Next, after presenting the design and properties of high- k polymers and inorganic, electrolyte, and hybrid dielectric families, we focus on the most important fabrication methodologies for their deposition as TFT gate dielectric thin films. Furthermore, we provide a detailed summary of recent progress in performance of FSE TFTs based on these high- k dielectrics, focusing primarily on emerging semiconductor types. Finally, we conclude with an outlook and challenges section.
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Extension for Partial Notification of Presence Information (2008)

This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements.
Phase Relations and Dielectric Properties in the Bi 2 O 3 –ZnO–Ta 2 O 5 System (2001)

Dielectric properties and phase formation of Bi‐based pyrochlore ceramics were evaluated for the Bi 2 O 3 –ZnO–Ta 2 O 5 system. The compositional range r Bi 2 (Zn 1/3 Ta 2/3 ) 2 O 7 · (1− r )(Bi 3/2 Zn 1/2 )(Zn 1/2 Ta 3/2 )O 7 (0 ≤ r ≤ 1) in Bi 2 O 3 –ZnO–Ta 2 O 5 was investigated to determine the relative solubility of BZT cubic (α‐BZT, r = 0) and the pseudo‐orthorhombic (β‐BZT, r = 1) end members. It was found that extrinsic factors, such as kinetically limited phase formation and bismuth loss, contribute to apparent phase boundaries in addition to thermodynamic stability of each phase. Considering this, the locations of true phase boundaries were r &lt; 0.30 and r ≥ 0.74 for α and β phases, respectively. Dielectric constants between 58 and 80 and low dielectric loss (tan δ &lt; 0.003) were measured for the complete compositional range. The temperature coefficient of capacitance was controlled by composition, which was found to be &lt;30 ppm/°C at the edge of β‐phase solid solution. In addition to the excellent dielectric properties these materials can be sintered at low temperatures, which make Bi‐based pyrochlores promising candidates for high‐frequency electronic applications.
The development of a 1 KW electrical output free piston Stirling engine alternator unit (1983)

Sunpower, Inc. has been engaged in the development of free-piston Stirling engine alternator units since 1971. After considerable experience gained with high pressure (50 to 80 bar) engines, it appears that the high pressure configuration may not necessarily be the most appropriate approach to a successful commercial design. The repeated difficulty associated with the design of an efficient, cost effective heat input system plus the tight clearances forced by a critical sensitivity to leakage losses poses problems which have not been satisfactorily resolved in the past. In an effort to address these and other specific technical problems relating to the commercialization of Stirling engines, Sunpower has decided on a radical departure from the high pressure design so prevelant in the industry. Recent engines built at Sunpower all operate at substantially lower charge pressure than those built in the past. Described here is one program to develop a low pressure 1 kW free-piston alternator unit. It is shown that the low pressure configuration addresses both the heat input system and clearance problems with an acceptable compromise in the other aspects of the design. Two generations of the design have been built, one has been operated on a coal burner with verymore » encouraging results and the other is presently on test in our laboratory.« less
Nonsegmented Negative-Strand Viruses as Vaccine Vectors (2006)

The live-virus vector era began in 1983, when Smith, Mackett, and Moss constructed a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing hepatitis B surface antigen and demonstrated the induction of hepatitis B-specific antibodies in rabbits immunized with the recombinant virus (113). Subsequently, live-virus vectors were developed with other DNA viruses, such as adenoviruses and herpesviruses, and with positive-strand RNA viruses, such as alphaviruses and flaviviruses. The vaccine vector potential of the large group of nonsegmented negative-strand RNA viruses (NNSV) remained unexplored largely due to the lack of infectivity of their genomic RNA in cell culture and the absence of a mechanism for recombinational insertion of foreign genes. The NNSV (order Mononegavirales) comprise four families: Rhabdoviridae, represented by vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and rabies virus (RV); Paramyxoviridae, including Sendai virus (SeV), human parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, 3, and 4 (HPIV1 to -4), measles and mumps viruses, Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and human respiratory syncytial and metapneumoviruses (HRSV and HMPV); Filoviridae, containing Ebola and Marburg viruses; and Bornaviridae, containing Borna disease virus. In 1994, Schnell, Mebatsion, and Conzelmann developed a reverse genetic system for RV that allowed the recovery of infectious virus entirely from cloned cDNA (102). This was followed quickly by the development of reverse genetic systems for numerous other NNSV (17, 22, 33, 50, 55, 69, 73, 76, 83, 133). This review will focus on the use of NNSV, in particular members of the Rhabdoviridae and Paramyxoviridae, as live vaccine vectors.
Spectral properties of the backscattering matrix in random scattering media (2008)

We investigate, both experimentally and theoretically, the spectral properties of the backscattering operator in random media. The experimental set up consists in an array of 64 programmable ultrasonic transducers placed in front of a random scattering medium. The impulse responses between each couple of transducers are measured and form the interelement matrix.The evolution of the singular values with time and frequency is computed by means of a short-time Fourier analysis. Our aim is to compare the mean distribution of the singular values with the predictions of Random Matrix Theory (RMT). Two kinds of random media have been investigated: a highly scattering medium in which multiple scattering predominates and a weakly scattering medium. In both cases, residual correlations that may exist between matrix elements are shown to be a key parameter. The mean distribution of singular values exhibits, surprisingly, very different behaviors in the single and multiple scattering regimes. The agreement between experimental results and RMT predictions is found to be very good in both cases. The results are applied to the detection of a target embedded in a random scattering medium with the DORT method.
Cover Picture: Synthesis and Characterization of Some Aza[5]helicenes (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 7/2005) (2005)

Abstract The cover picture shows the structure of 5‐aza[5]helicene (top) and the crystal packing (single enatiomers, bottom). This is one of the aza[5]helicenes reported in the paper that were synthesized by photochemical ring closure of suitable ethenyl derivatives. The photophysical properties (very long triplet‐state lifetime) and crystal packing (columnar arrangement) were studied and shown to be dependent on the nitrogen position. These molecules may be suitable for studies on π−π interactions and complexation with metal ions. The extremely long triplet lifetime that was observed (in the range of seconds) makes these molecules promising candidates for practical applications in photo‐ and optoelectronics. Details are discussed in the article by T. Caronna et al. on p. 1247 ff.
Abstract PR03: Genome-wide screens for Wnt signaling in human haploid cells (2013)

Abstract Wnt signaling is at the core of human development and stem cell biology. Defective Wnt signaling leads to several forms of cancer, most notably colorectal cancer. Using HAP1 cells, a human haploid cell line, we conducted a set of genome-wide forward genetic screens to identify new Wnt pathway components. We constructed a HAP1 line harboring a GFP reporter driven by the Wnt-responsive TCF promoter, we mutagenized the cells by insertion of a gene-trap retrovirus throughout the haploid genome, and we sorted the mutagenized population for cells exhibiting phenotypes of interest using FACS. In order to find 1. negative regulators, 2. positive regulators and 3. feedback modulators of the pathway, we sorted for 1. cells expressing GFP in the absence of Wnt, 2. cells with reduced GFP expression after strong Wnt stimulation and 3. cells with enhanced GFP expression after mild Wnt stimulation, respectively. Deep sequencing of amplified genomic DNA flanking the retroviral insertion sites in the sorted cell populations revealed genes whose disruption may have led to the phenotype of interest. Among the most frequently disrupted genes (some with over 150 unique retroviral insertions) we found many of the known components of the canonical Wnt pathway, including LRP6, casein kinase I, APC, β-catenin, DOT1-L, TCF4 and the recently discovered negative feedback regulator ZNRF3. Unexpectedly, the screen for positive regulators revealed retroviral insertions in AXIN2 (a scaffold protein found in the β-catenin destruction complex) predicted to yield a C-terminally truncated form that appears to act as a dominant negative. We are currently assessing hits not previously known to be involved in Wnt signaling. This abstract is also presented as Poster A40. Citation Format: Andres Lebensohn, Casey Hughes, Caleb Marceau, Rajat Rohatgi, Jan Carette. Genome-wide screens for Wnt signaling in human haploid cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Precision Medicine Series: Synthetic Lethal Approaches to Cancer Vulnerabilities; May 17-20, 2013; Bellevue, WA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2013;12(5 Suppl):Abstract nr PR03.
Effects of Alcohol on Isoproterenol-Induced Ventricular Fibrillation in Adult Rats (1988)

To determine whether the pattern of alcohol consumption, intake, and withdrawal modulates the incidence of malignant ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death due to beta-adrenergic stimulation in a species susceptible to administration of isoproterenol alone, a regimen was formulated in which both continuous and interrupted alcohol ingestion was obtained. After alcohol treatment of fully mature, adult rats for 7 weeks, a single subcutaneous injection of 150 micrograms/kg of isoproterenol was given to control (non-alcohol-treated), alcoholic (continuous consumption), and alcohol withdrawal (interrupted) rats. The incidences of malignant ventricular arrhythmias and related deaths were compared. The results revealed that arrhythmias and arrhythmic deaths were highest in the "alcohol withdrawal group," 92% and 54%, respectively. As judged from baseline studies, withdrawal of alcohol produced a 16% decrease in serum K+ concentration compared with controls, whereas continuous alcohol ingestion resulted in a 20% elevation in magnesium concentration. These electrolyte changes were further affected by isoproterenol and may have contributed to the differential response to beta-adrenergic stimulation as a result of the pattern of alcohol intake.
Near-UV photo-induced modification in isoreticular metal–organic frameworks (2011)

A series of isoreticular metal–organic frameworks (IRMOFs) have been prepared using two different ligands protected with photolabile groups: 2-((2-nitrobenzyl)oxy)terephthalic acid (L1) and 2-((4,5-dimethoxy-2-nitrobenzyl)oxy)terephthalic acid (L2). Irradiation at either 365 or 400 nm results in postsynthetic deprotection (PSD), removing the nitrobenzyl protecting groups from these ligands and generating phenolic groups in the pores of the MOF (55–83% yield). The photochemical behaviour of the ligands in the IRMOFs was not wholly predicted by their reactivity in solution (i.e. free ligand). A mixed ligand approach was used, by combining L1 or L2 with NH2-BDC to produce mixed ligand IRMOFs with 30–40% incorporation of the NH2-BDC. These mixed-ligand IRMOFs were then subjected to both postsynthetic modification (PSM) and PSD. Two routes to achieve both PSM and PSD were explored: PSM followed by PSD (route 1) and PSD followed by PSM (route 2). When using 365 nm light for the PSD reaction, route 1 was superior due to absorption of NH2-BDC at 365 nm. Irradiation at 400 nm gave fewer differences between route 1 and route 2, but the PSD reaction was less efficient (30–40%) for all systems. By combining PSD and PSM, MOFs with highly functionalized pores can be obtained through a combination of pre- and postsynthetic methods.
A primary method for the complex calibration of a hydrophone from 1 Hz to 2 kHz (2017)

Primary calibrations of hydrophones at frequencies less than about 1 kHz are typically performed in a coupler reciprocity chamber (“coupler“); a closed test chamber where time harmonic oscillations in pressure can be achieved and the reciprocity conditions required for a primary calibration can be realized. The closed and controlled environment in the coupler allows for the performance of primary calibrations over the temperature and hydrostatic pressure range found in the ocean. The coupler reciprocity system employed by the United States, in service since the 1960s, provides only the magnitude of the pressure sensitivity and not the phase. Recent work has demonstrated a method for the primary calibration of both the magnitude and phase of the complex sensitivity for a hydrophone at frequencies ranging from 1 Hz to 2 kHz. The combined expanded uncertainties of the magnitude and phase of the complex sensitivity at 1 Hz were 0.1 dB re 1V/μPa and ±1°, respectively.
Dynamic Injection Adaptation by Input Shaping for Low NO<sub>x</sub> Emissions during Transients (2014)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Especially in view of more and more stringent emission legislation in passenger cars it is required to reduce the amount of pollutants. In the case of Diesel engines mainly NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; and PM are emitted during engine operation. The main influence factors for these pollutants are the in-cylinder oxygen concentration and the injected fuel amount. Typically the engine control task can be divided into two separate main parts, the fuel and the air system. Commonly air system control, consisting of a turbocharger and exhaust gas recirculation control, is used to provide the required amount of oxygen and address the emission targets, whereas the fuel is used to provide the desired torque. Especially in transient maneuvers the different time scales of both systems can lead to emission peaks which are not desired.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Against this background in this work instead of the common way to address the air system, the fuel system is considered to reduce emission peaks during transients. The idea is to start from a base calibration and adapt the injection parameters, like start and amount of pilot and main injection, to reduce transient emission peaks. To this end, an input shaping technique is applied to adapt parameters. The input shaping is based on an identified response model of the transient emission profile and used to generate a desired correction trajectory. By input shaping it was possible to reduce the NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; overshoot during the transient scenario while maintaining PM emissions and noise level. All experiments were performed on a 2l turbocharged common rail passenger car diesel engine at the JKU testbench and to obtain accurate NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; measurements during transients these were recorded with a highly dynamic Cambustion fNO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; device.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Bicyclic Lactam Inhibitors of Thrombin: Highly Potent and Selective Inhibitors. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.