gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Further evidence that inhibitor‐2 acts like a chaperone to fold PP1 into its native conformation (1996)

The gamma1-isoform of protein phosphatase-1 expressed in Escherichia coli (PP1gamma) and the native PP1 catalytic subunit (PP1C) isolated from skeletal muscle dephosphorylated Ser-14 of glycogen phosphorylase at comparable rates. In contrast, PP1gamma dephosphorylated several tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins at similar rates to authentic protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases), but native PP1C was almost inactive towards these substrates. The phosphorylase phosphatase (PhP) and PTPase activities of PP1gamma were inhibited by vanadate with IC50 values (30-100 microM) comparable to authentic PTPases, whereas the PhP activity of native PP1C was insensitive to vanadate. PP1gamma lost its PTPase activity, and its PhP activity became insensitive to vanadate, after interaction with inhibitor-2, followed by the reversible phosphorylation of inhibitor-2 at Thr-72. These findings support and extend the hypothesis that inhibitor-2 functions like a chaperone to fold PP1 into its native conformation, and suggest that the correct folding of PP1 may be critical to prevent the uncontrolled dephosphorylation of cellular phosphotyrosine residues.
Ammonia Sensing with a Gain Switched Frequency Comb of 100 MHz Free Spectral Range using Off-Axis Cavity-Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy (2022)

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The usefulness of the equally spaced, phase-coherent, narrow-band spectral lines of a frequency combs (FC) for spectroscopy has long been recognized for applications in gas-phase sensing. Among the different type of frequency combs the gain switching of commercially available semiconductor lasers in the near IR has recently gained interest due to the simplicity and flexibility of this approach [1, 2]. In this study we present a custom-designed gain-switched frequency comb (GSFC) with a small free spectral range of merely 100 MHz [3]. This GSFC was passively coupled to a medium finesse (&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;F&amp;lt;/em&amp;gt; = 520) cavity in off-axis configuration for the detection of ammonia (&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;14&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;NH&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;) in static dry air [4]. The absorption of ammonia was measured between 6604.5 and 6606.0 cm&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;-1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; using a Fourier transform spectrometer. More than 60 lines of the GSFC overlapped with the strongest ro-vibrational ammonia absorption features in that spectral region. With the cavity in off-axis configuration, an NH&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; detection limit of ~5 ppmv in 20 s was accomplished in a static laboratory environment. The characterization and experimental performance of the GSFC and prototype spectrometer are presented in this contribution together with a discussion of the corresponding technical advantages and drawbacks, as well as the potential for alternative future applications.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Acknowledgement&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;This publication has emanated from research supported in part by Grants from Science Foundation Ireland with the numbers 21/FFP-A/8973, 15/CDA/3640, and 14/TIDA/2415. Financial support by Enterprise Ireland&amp;amp;#8217;s Commercialization Fund (CF 2017 0683) is also gratefully acknowledged.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;References &amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;[1] P.M. Anandarajah, R. Maher, Y. Xu, S. Latkowski, J. O&amp;amp;#8217;Carroll, S.G. Murdoch, R. Phelan, J. O&amp;amp;#8217;Gorman, L.P. Barry, IEEE Photonics J. 3 (2011) 112. Doi: 10.1109/jphot.2011.2105861&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;[2] M.D. Guit&amp;amp;#233;rrez-Pascual,V. Vujicic, J. Braddell, F. Smyth, P.M. Anandarajah, L.P. Barry, Opt. Lett. 42 (2017) 555. Doi: 10.1364/OL.42.000555&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;[3] A. Rosado, E. P. Martin, A. P&amp;amp;#233;rez-Serrano, J. M. G. Tijero, I. Esquivias, P. M. Anandarajah, Opt. Laser Technol. 131 (2020) 106392. Doi: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2020.106392&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;[4] S. Chandran, A.A. Ruth, E.P. Martin, J.K. Alexander, F.H. Peters, P.M. Anandarajah, Sensors 19 (2019) 5217. Doi: 10.3390/s19235217&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
Surfacing time-critical insights from social media (2012)

We propose to demonstrate an end-to-end framework for leveraging time-sensitive and critical social media information for businesses. More specifically, we focus on identifying, structuring, integrating, and exposing timely insights that are essential to marketing services and monitoring reputation over social media. Our system includes components for information extraction from text, entity resolution and integration, analytics, and a user interface.
Characterization of the Changing Lymphocyte Populations and Cytokine Expression in the Exocrine Tissues of Autoimmune Nod Mice (1998)

NOD mice develop chronic lymphocytic invasion of the pancreas, submandibular, and lacrimal glands leading to loss of insulin secretion, salivary flow, and tear production. In this study, we have used flow cytometric analyses and RT-PCR to track glandular lymphocyte populations and cytokine expression spanning the initiation of autoimmune infiltration through the development of widespread autoimmune destruction of the salivary and lacrimal glands of NOD mice. Results demonstrate a predominance of CD4+ to CD8+ lymphocytes and a similar predominance of T-cells versus B-cells in both the submandibular and lacrimal gland infiltrates. A temporal increase in memory (CD3+CD45RBlo) T-cells was also detected; however, naive (CD3+CD45RBhi) T-cell populations as well as a CD3+, CD4-/CD8- double negative population were also present. In addition, a skewing of the TCR Vbeta repertoire toward Vbeta6+ and Vbeta8+ lymphocytes was evident in both glandular infiltrates. Analyses of cytokine mRNA expression in the submandibular glands demonstrated an increase between 12 and 16 wk of age of several proinflammatory cytokines including IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-7, IL-10, IFNgamma, TNFalpha, and inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS). IL-4 synthesis was notably absent in both tissues. Cytokine mRNA transcripts detected in lacrimal tissue were similar to those seen in the submandibular glands but appeared both earlier and more intensely. These findings depict the progressive development of autoimmune exocrinopathy and can be used as a foundation to explore the similarities and potential differences in the immunopathogenic lesions of several distinct tissues within the same host.
PD-source identification in solids (2003)

It is of great importance not only to detect but also to localize and identify the source of partial discharges (PDs). The intention is to see if there is any potential in identification of defects using an acoustic technique aided by a general theory. The idea is that PDs embedded in a solid material would excite different wave modes, depending on the structure of the defect. Standing waves or cavity resonances of different orders will then result in a different frequency spectra, depending on the geometry of the defect. The authors present some general arguments for the acoustic mode density analysis in flat, hole, or spherical cavities. The investigation demonstrated that the normal resonant acoustic modes of a gas-filled cavity were excited by partial discharges. There was a strong correlation between the frequency spectra experimentally obtained and the resonant modes predicted by the theory. It is concluded that the frequency spectra from acoustic detection of PDs can give information on the form of cavity in which it occurred.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The toxicity of orthopaedic biomaterials chromium and nickel in rat hepatocytes (2002)

The toxicity of nickel, chromium (III) and (VI), vanadium and aluminium was compared in an immortalized neonatal rat osteoblast cell line using the MTT assay and a novel index of cytoxicity, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity.
Nanoscopic supermolecules with linear‐dendritic architecture: Their preparation and their supramolecular behavior (1995)

Abstract The design, synthesis, and properties of supermolecules consisting of well defined assemblies of linear and globular macromolecules is studied. Therefore, several families of hybrid block polymers based on polyether dendrimers linked to well‐defined blocks of polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol, polyester, or polystyrene have been prepared. The unique topological macromolecules that result from the assembly of such components having different shapes and internal densities can assemble in highly stable supramolecular micelles whose characteristics vary as a function of the medium. The hybrid macromolecules are usually prepared by the nucleophilic displacement of a reactive functionality located at the focal point of a convergent polyether dendrimer, with a nucleophilic anion located at one or both chain ends of a linear polymer. Alternately, the focal point of the dendrimer may be used to attach a polymerizable vinyl group affording a dendritic macromonomer that may be used to create variety of copolymers. Finally, the focal point of the convergent dendrimer may serve as an initiator in the polymerization of a linear chain thereby affording the hybrid linear‐dendritic entity. In the latter case the unique microenvironment provided by the dendrimer is useful in the prevention of undesirable side‐reactions during growth of the linear block. This demonstrates that the differences between the globular and linear fragments of these unique molecules can be used to design nanoscale reactors that perform functions not normally achieved with small molecules. The very unusual solution properties of the dendritic‐linear supermolecules are a direct result of the forced combination of their dissimilar building blocks.
Optically heterodyne diagnosis of a high-saturation-power undoped InP sandwiched InGaAs p-i-n photodiode grown on GaAs (2006)

We demonstrate the optical heterodyne diagnostics and high saturation power characteristics of a novel undoped InP sandwiched In(0.53)Ga(0.47)As p-i-n photodiode with a partially p-doped photoabsorption layer, which is grown on a linearly graded metamorphic In(x)Ga(1-x)P buffered GaAs substrate layer and exhibits an excellent low dark current density of 3.6x10(-7) A/cm(2). Such a top-illuminated optical receiver exhibits an illuminating window of 60-mum diameter, which performs ultra-linear power handling capability up to 18 dBm at 1550 nm, providing a maximum photocurrent of 35 mA under a reverse bias of 9 volts. These result in extremely high current bandwidth and bandwidth-responsivity products of 350 mA*GHz and 4.8 GHz*A/W, respectively, at receiving frequency of up to 10 GHz.
The Role of Overweight and Obesity in Calcium Oxalate Stone Formation (2005)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey: Urolithiasis, Endourology and Laparoscopy1 Feb 2005The Role of Overweight and Obesity in Calcium Oxalate Stone Formation Ralph V. ClaymanM.D. Ralph V. ClaymanRalph V. Clayman More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)60512-5AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "The Role of Overweight and Obesity in Calcium Oxalate Stone Formation." The Journal of Urology, 173(2), p. 480 © 2005FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 173Issue 2February 2005Page: 480 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2005MetricsAuthor Information Ralph V. Clayman More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Ensemble learning in the estimation of flow types and velocities of individual phases in multiphase flow using non-intrusive accelerometers' and process pressure data (2022)

in oil and gas industries. Accurately identifying flow types and estimating flow velocities of the individual phases are crucial for different purposes, such as observing the process status and providing inputs to control systems. This paper presents a solution for identifying flow contents and estimating flow rates in single-phase or each phase in multiphase flows by using pressure measurements and pipe vibrations caused by the flows. The necessary experiments were performed using the multiphase flow rig with three-inch diameter pipelines transporting natural gas, water, and crude oil in a closed loop with a separator tank as source and sink. A series of tree-based ensemble machine learning models have been developed and tested with the data collected from accelerometers, differential pressure transmitters, and upstream- and downstream pressure transmitters. With these inputs, the developed models can identify volume ratios of individual phases (such as water cut) and can estimate the flow velocity of each phase in the flow loop, including the open/close status of the choke valve. After describing briefly, the P&ID diagram of the multiphase flow rig, the paper focuses on exploratory data analysis of the data from three accelerometers and three pressure sensors using three submodels cascaded to perform ensemble learning.
Miniaturized and reconfigurable Notch antenna based on BST thin film (2014)

In recent years, reconfigurable antennas have received significant attention for their application in modern telecommunication systems. The requirements for increased functionality within a confined volume place a greater burden on today's transmitting and receiving systems with frequency agile capabilities. Many solutions have been proposed in the literature, including the use of ferroelectric materials, such as KTN and BST. In this work, the design, realization and characterization of a small and tunable antennas loaded by a Ba0,80Sr0,20TiO3 ferroelectric thin film, obtained from chemical solution deposition, are studied. The integration of a capacitive structure in a Notch antenna can miniaturize and change the resonance frequency of this antenna by applying a DC electric field. Monolithic integration is used for realizing the BST loaded antenna prototype. Characterization shows a frequency agility of 14.5% under DC electric field of 375kV/cm, which is one of the best performances reported in the literature with this technology.
The lipid phase preference of the adenosine A2A receptor depends on its ligand binding state (2019)

Giant unilamellar protein vesicles (GUPs) were formed with the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) incorporated in the lipid bilayer and protein partitioning into the liquid ordered and liquid disordered phases was observed. When no ligand is bound, A2AR partitions preferentially into the liquid disordered phase of GUPs, while ligand-bound A2AR partitions into the liquid ordered phase.
Depinning by Fracture in a Glassy Background (2003)

We force a single particle through a two-dimensional simulated glass of smaller particles. We find that the particle velocity obeys a robust power law that persists to drive wells above threshold. As the single driven particle moves, it induces cooperative distortions in the surrounding medium. We show theoretically that a fracture model for these distortions produces power-law behavior and discuss implications for experimental probes of soft matter systems.
Molecular Pathways Mediating Immunosuppression in Response to Prolonged Intensive Physical Training, Low-Energy Availability, and Intensive Weight Loss (2019)

Exercise and exercise-induced weight loss have a beneficial effect on overall health, including positive effects on molecular pathways associated with immune function, especially in overweight individuals. The main aim of our study was to assess how energy deprivation (i.e., "semi-starvation") leading to substantial fat mass loss affects the immune system and immunosuppression in previously normal weight individuals. Thus, to address this hypothesis, we applied a high-throughput systems biology approach to better characterize potential key pathways associated with immune system modulation during intensive weight loss and subsequent weight regain. We examined 42 healthy female physique athletes (age 27.5 ± 4.0 years, body mass index 23.4 ± 1.7 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) volunteered into either a diet group (<i>n</i> = 25) or a control group (<i>n</i> = 17). For the diet group, the energy intake was reduced and exercise levels were increased to induce loss of fat mass that was subsequently regained during a recovery period. The control group was instructed to maintain their typical lifestyle, exercise levels, and energy intake at a constant level. For quantification of systems biology markers, fasting blood samples were drawn at three time points: baseline (<b>PRE</b>), at the end of the weight loss period (<b>MID</b> 21.1 ± 3.1 weeks after <b>PRE</b>), and at the end of the weight regain period (<b>POST</b> 18.4 ± 2.9 weeks after <b>MID</b>). In contrast to the control group, the diet group showed significant (false discovery rate <0.05) alteration of all measured immune function parameters-white blood cells (WBCs), immunoglobulin G glycome, leukocyte transcriptome, and cytokine profile. Integrative omics suggested effects on multiple levels of immune system as dysregulated hematopoiesis, suppressed immune cell proliferation, attenuated systemic inflammation, and loss of immune cell function by reduced antibody and chemokine secretion was implied after intense weight loss. During the weight regain period, the majority of the measured immune system parameters returned back to the baseline. In summary, this study elucidated a number of molecular pathways presumably explaining immunosuppression in individuals going through prolonged periods of intense training with low-energy availability. Our findings also reinforce the perception that the way in which weight loss is achieved (i.e., dietary restriction, exercise, or both) has a distinct effect on how the immune system is modulated.
Dual effects of gadodiamide injection in depiction of the region of myocardial ischemia (1993)

The high safety index of the nonionic magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agent gadodiamide injection permits a wide dose range without induction of hemodynamic effects. The wide dose range might confer a diagnostic advantage by providing both T1 enhancing and magnetic susceptibility effects for demarcating pathologic regions. The dual utility of this contrast agent for T1 and T2 enhancement in creating differential contrast between normal and acutely ischemic myocardium was explored. MR imaging was initiated 20-40 minutes after occlusion of the left coronary artery in two groups of rats: Group 1 (n = 8) received 0.3 mmol/kg gadodiamide injection before and after acquisition of T1-weighted images; group 2 (n = 10) received 0.5 mmol/kg before and after acquisition of T2-weighted images. Postcontrast T1-weighted images showed clear delineation of the ischemic region as a relatively low-signal-intensity area for 15 minutes. On postcontrast T2-weighted images, the ischemic region appeared as a relatively high-signal-intensity area for 60 minutes. These effects were obtained with doses of gadodiamide injection that have safety indexes greater than those of gadopentetate dimeglumine.
USE OF THE SINGLE-LEAD ELECTROCARDIOGRAM AS A “FINGERPRINT” FOR INDIVIDUAL USER IDENTIFICATION (2022)

Artificial intelligence networks predict cardiac disease from the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). With the advent of mobile form factors in smartphones and watches, single-lead ECGs are poised to become a common cardiac screening tool. Because patients frequently share their smart phones and devices with friends and family, confirmation that a sample is from a given individual is important.
Detecting unexpected moving obstacles that appear in the path of a navigating robot (2002)

Presents a system that detects unexpected moving obstacles that appear in the path of a navigating robot, and that estimates the relative motion of the object with respect to the robot. The system is designed for a robot navigating in a structured environment with a single wide-angle camera. The system uses polar mapping to simplify the segmentation of the moving object from the background. The polar mapping is performed with the focus of expansion (FOE) as the center, obtained from the vanishing point of the significant lines in the environment. A method for determining a qualitative estimate of the motion of the object, coupled with an efficient clustering algorithm, is used to segment the moving obstacle from the background. The system uses an area based feature matching method to compute the optical flow in the segmented regions of the image sequence, and time-to-impact is computed from the radial component of the optical flow in the image plane. A framework for a real time implementation of this system on a robot is also presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A novel family of plasmid-transferred anti-sense ncRNAs (2010)

The genome of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria encodes a constitutively expressed small RNA, which we designate PtaRNA1, "Plasmid transferred anti-sense RNA". It exhibits all hallmarks of a novel RNA antitoxin that proliferates by frequent horizontal transfer. It shows an erratic phylogenetic distribution with occurrences on chromosomes in a few individual strains distributed across both beta- and gamma-proteobacteria. Moreover, a homologous gene located on plasmid pMATVIM-7 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is found. All ptaRNA1 homologs are located anti-sense to a putative toxin, which in turn is never encountered without the small RNA. The secondary structure of PtaRNA1, furthermore, is very similar to that of the FinP anti-sense RNA found on F-like plasmids in Escherichia coli.
Miniaturization of Multi-Functional Filters Using Spiral Resonators Coupled to Their Scaled Negative Images (2022)

A novel technique for miniaturizing planar signal-interference coupled-resonator-based filters is proposed in this paper. The presented technique employs circular and logarithmic spiral resonators coupled with their scaled negative images. We demonstrate significant size reduction of approximately 2x compared to the state-of-the-art, with minimal penalty on loss and notch depth. Besides these benefits, the proposed technique also enables additional design degrees of freedom for the filter size, attenuation level and sharpness of its in-band notches. In addition, we demonstrate that by scaling the resonators’ coupled negative images, we can further reduce the filter size. This paper explores these basic design principles and demonstrates proof-of-concept UHF bandpass filter prototypes with tunable in-band notches.