gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 11577: Clinical Presentation and Medium-Term Outcomes in Anomalous Aortic Origin of a Coronary Artery with High Take-Off (2021)

Introduction: Anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery (AAOCA) confers risk of sudden death in the young. Paucity of data exists in AAOCA with high take-off (ht-AAOCA) from the aorta. Hypothesis: Patients with ht-AAOCA may be at risk of inducible myocardial ischemia and surgery might be indicated in a small subset with good medium-term outcomes. Methods: Patients with ht-AAOCA, defined as origin at the sinotubular junction and above by CTA, &lt;25 years old were prospectively enrolled. Myocardial functional studies were obtained under provocative stress: exercise stress test, stress nuclear perfusion imaging, dobutamine stress cardiac MRI, or cardiac catherization (in select patients). These studies were repeated 3 months post-operatively (post-op) in surgical patients. Results: A total of 71 patients (45 male, 63%) with ht-AAOCA were enrolled, median age 15 [IQR 12; 19] years. ht-AAOCA of the right (ht-AAORCA) was seen in 66/71 patients (93%): 15 (23%) had exertional symptoms, 13 (20%) had nonexertional symptoms, 14 (21%) had both, 24 (37%) were asymptomatic. Ht-AAOCA of the left (ht-AAOLCA) was seen in 5/71 patients (7%), only 1 (20%) had exertional symptoms. In ht-AAORCA patients, 50/66 (76%) had abnormal ostia and 6/66 (9%) juxtacommissural origin, as compared to 3/5 (60%) and 2/5 (40%), respectively, in ht-AAOLCA patients. Average intramural course in ht-AAORCA was 4.46 mm and 2.36 mm in ht-AAOLCA. Abnormal functional testing corresponding to the affected territory was seen in 11/71 (15%) ht-AAOCA patients. Surgery was recommended for 18/71 (25%) patients due to concerning symptoms, coronary anatomy, or abnormal functional testing. Of these, 13/18 (72%) underwent coronary artery unroofing (in 12) or reimplantation (in 1), 3 declined surgery, 2 pending decision. All surgical patients have returned to unrestricted exercise after reassuring post-op studies, but 1/18 (6%) awaits completion. At median follow up of 1.8 years (range 0.1-8.9), all patients are alive and well, 93% are exercising with no restrictions. Conclusion: Although ht-AAOCA appears benign in most patients, 15% shows inducible myocardial ischemia. Surgery may be indicated in a subset of patients, with overall excellent medium-term outcomes and freedom from exercise restrictions.
Paramagnetic FexTa1-x alloys for engineering of perpendicularly magnetized tunnel junctions (2013)

Exchange coupling between two magnetic layers through an interlayer is of broad interest for numerous recent applications of nano-magnetic systems. In this letter, we study ferromagnetic exchange coupling through amorphous paramagnetic Fe-Ta alloys. We show that the exchange coupling depends exponentially on spacer thickness and scales with the Fe-Ta susceptibility, which can be tuned via the alloy composition and/or temperature. Such materials are of high interest for the engineering of perpendicularly magnetized CoFeB-MgO based tunnel junctions as it enables ferromagnetic coupling of magnetic layers with differing crystalline lattices, suppresses dead layers, and can act as an inter-diffusion barrier during annealing.
ChemInform Abstract: Amides as Substitute for the Phosphodiester Linkage in Antisense Oligonucleotides. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Magneto –THz spectroscopy in spinel superconductors LiTi2O4 thin films (2018)

We observed a clear superconducting gap at 2.0meV and a coherent peak in the strong spin fluctuation compounds LiTi2O4 using continues wave (CW) terahertz spectroscopy. The superconducting state was strongly suppressed by magnetic fields.
Decolorization and Biotransformation of Triphenylmethane Dye, Methyl Violet, by Aspergillus sp. Isolated from Ladakh, India (2011)

Methyl violet, used extensively in the commercial textile industry and as a biological stain, is a hazardous recalcitrant. Aspergillus sp. strain CB-TKL-1 isolated from a water sample from Tsumoriri Lake, Karzok, Ladakh, India, was found to completely decolorize methyl violet within 24 h when cultured under aerobic conditions at 25 degrees C. The rate of decolorization was determined by monitoring the decrease in the absorbance maxima of the dye by UV-visible spectroscopy. The decolorization of methyl violet was optimal at pH 5.5 and 30 degrees C when agitated at 200 rpm. Addition of glucose or arabinose (2%) as a carbon source and sodium nitrate or soyapeptone (0.2%) as a nitrogen source enhanced the decolorization ability of the culture. Furthermore, the culture exhibited a maximum decolorization rate of methyl violet after 24 h when the C:N ratio was 10. Nine N-demethylated decolorized products of methyl violet were identified based on UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and LC-MS analyses. The decolorization of methyl violet at the end of 24 h generated mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, and hexa-Ndemethylated intermediates of pararosaniline. The variation of the relative absorption peaks in the decolorized sample indicated a linear decrease of hexa-N-demethylated compounds to non-N-demethylated pararosaniline, indicating a stepwise N-demethylation in the decolorization process.
Tenets for Social Accessibility (2018)

Despite years of addressing disability in technology design and advocating user-centered design practices, popular mainstream technologies remain largely inaccessible for people with disabilities. We conducted a design course study investigating how student designers regard disability and explored how designing for multiple disabled and nondisabled users encouraged students to think about accessibility in the design process. Across two university course offerings one year apart, we examined how students focused on a design project while learning user-centered design concepts and techniques, working with people with and without disabilities throughout the project. In addition, we compared how students incorporated disability-focused design approaches within a classroom setting. We found that designing for multiple stakeholders with and without disabilities expanded student understanding of accessible design by demonstrating that people with the same disability could have diverse needs and by aligning such needs with those of nondisabled users. We also found that using approaches targeted toward designing for people with disabilities complemented interactions with users, particularly with regard to managing varying abilities across users, or incorporating social aspects. Our findings contribute to an understanding about how we might incur change in design practice by working with multiple stakeholders with and without disabilities whenever possible. We refined Design for Social Accessibility by incorporating these findings into three tenets emphasizing: (1) design for disability ought to incorporate users with and without disabilities, (2) design should address functional and social factors simultaneously, and (3) design should include tools to spur consideration of social factors in accessible design.
Biomass (2020)

Biomass is a term loosely used to define the total amount of carbon and nitrogen incorporated into all polymeric organic material by biological processes. It has been estimated that the total worldwide biomass is in excess of 10 tons. Plants are the main source and their annual production of approximately 10 tons is a result of photosynthesis. Agricultural waste materials currently available comprise sufficient biomass to fuel a great deal of biotechnological processes, obviating the need for massive deforestation. The most abundant examples of biomass are cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and starch. The term “cellulosic biomass” includes cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, although the term “hemicellulosic biomass” sometimes refers specifically to the pentose sugar fraction. Interest in biomass encompasses a variety of interactive issues including environmental, political and of course biotechnological concerns. In the past twenty years the interest in biomass has been directly proportional to the price of petroleum.
Closed-Form Approximations to the Threshold Quantities of Distributed-Feedback Lasers With Varying Phase Shifts and Positions (2012)

We derive analytical approximations to the threshold gain, detuning, and power distribution ratios of distributed-feedback lasers with a variable phase shift at a variable longitudinal position. These closed-form approximations exhibit the direct influence of the grating parameters, and are in excellent agreement with the exact solution of the coupled mode equations for a wide range of phase shifts, positions, grating strengths and lengths. It is shown that the product of grating strength and phase shift offset distance from the grating center has a dominant influence on most threshold parameters. The threshold gain and output power splitting ratio grow exponentially with this product, whereas the intracavity peak power and the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</i> -factor of the cavity decay exponentially with it. It is also shown that a nonvanishing sine of the phase shift leads to a linear change of the detuning, a quadratic increase of the threshold gain, and a quadratic decrease of the output power splitting ratio, intracavity peak power, and <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</i> -factor. Our results are independent of the source of the gain, such as semiconductor, rare-earth, and Raman fiber lasers, provided that the gain is approximately constant along the grating length and that reflections from facets can be neglected. As an example, we simulate a Raman DFB laser and demonstrate that our closed-form approximations are in perfect agreement with steady state results from involved time-domain simulations.
Association of mannose-binding lectin-2 gene polymorphism with the development of hepatitis C-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (2011)

Mannose-binding lectin-2 polymorphism seems to be involved in the development of pretransplant HCV-induced HCC and should be further investigated as potential risk factor for HCV-associated carcinogenesis.
An Autonomous Negotiating Agent Framework with Reinforcement Learning based Strategies and Adaptive Strategy Switching Mechanism (2021)

Despite abundant negotiation strategies in literature, the complexity of automated negotiation forbids a single strategy from being dominant against all others in different negotiation scenarios. To overcome this, one approach is to use mixture of experts, but at the same time, one problem of this method is the selection of experts, as this approach is limited by the competency of the experts selected. Another problem with most negotiation strategies is their incapability of adapting to dynamic variation of the opponent's behaviour within a single negotiation session resulting in poor performance. This work focuses on both, solving the problem of expert selection and adapting to the opponent's behaviour with our Autonomous Negotiating Agent Framework. This framework allows real-time classification of opponent's behaviour and provides a mechanism to select, switch or combine strategies within a single negotiation session. Additionally, our framework has a reviewer component which enables self-enhancement capability by deciding to include new strategies or replace old ones with better strategies periodically. We demonstrate an instance of our framework by implementing maximum entropy reinforcement learning based strategies with a deep learning based opponent classifier. Finally, we evaluate the performance of our agent against state-of-the-art negotiators under varied negotiation scenarios.
Biotherapeutic approaches to target cancer stem cells. (2013)

With the cementing of the cancer stem cell (CSC) concept, cancer biology and cancer drug discovery have attained a new avenue to target cancer. Studying the hierarchy of tumor tissue organization and how to inhibit the cell that resides at the very top of this hierarchy has opened up a new branch of tumor biology and given the opportunity to develop novel cancer-targeting strategies. With the discovery of CSCs in majority of cancer indications there seems to be a universal applicability of the concept. However, the CSC field is still at an early fledgling state and a lot more needs to be done in terms of understanding their emergence, maintenance, role in metastasis and their function in shaping the tumor architecture. CSCs are considered to be responsible for tumor initiation, metastasis and resistance to conventional radio and chemotherapy. Therefore, different approaches to targeting these tumorigenic and rare cells are urgently needed in order to improve the efficacy of anti-cancer therapy. We outline here the cancer stem cell concept and its relevance as well as biotherapeutic approaches to CSC targeting, including oncolytic viruses, monoclonal antibodies, cytokines and cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
Clinical Study of Single‐Stranded Oligonucleotide RO7062931 in Healthy Volunteers and Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B (2021)

RO7062931 is safe and well tolerated at doses up to 4.0 mg/kg QW. Supradose-proportional exposure at doses of 3.0-4.0 mg/kg was indicative of partial saturation of the ASGPR-mediated liver uptake system. Dose-dependent declines in HBsAg demonstrated target engagement with RO7062931.
Development of a CMOS Route for Electron Pumps to Be Used in Quantum Metrology (2016)

The definition of the ampere will change in the next few years. This electrical base unit of the S.I. will be redefined by fixing the value of the charge quantum, i.e., the electron charge e. As a result electron pumps will become the natural device for the mise en pratique of this new ampere. In the last years semiconductor electron pumps have emerged as the most advanced systems, both in terms of speed and precision. Another figure of merit for a metrological device would be its ability to be predictible and shared. For that reason a mature fabrication process would certainly be an advantage. In this article we present electron pumps made within a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) research facility on 300 mm silicon-on-insulator wafers, using advanced microelectronics tools and processes. We give an overview of the whole integration scheme and emphasize the fabrication steps which differ from the normal CMOS route.
Electron Transfer Chemistry of Psoralen and Coumarin Derivatives by Means of Radiolytic and Electrochemical Experiments (1997)

Bromopsoralens and bromocoumarins have been used to sensitize the inactivation of viruses. The bromine substituent increased the antiviral potency of the sensitizer, an effect attributed to cleavage of the C−Br bond of the aromatic radical anion produced by a light-induced electron transfer reaction with nucleic acids. This hypothesis was tested by a detailed mechanistic electrochemical investigation in acetonitrile and N,N-dimethylformamide of 5-bromo-8-methoxypsoralen, 8-methoxypsoralen, 3-bromocoumarin, and coumarin. A one-electron reduction process involves the formation of a radical anion, a step coupled with the cleavage of the carbon−bromine bond in the case of the brominated compounds, leading to the formation of an aryl radical moiety and a bromide anion. These experiments were further confirmed by radiolytic preparation coupled with UV−vis detection of the radical anions in glassy 2-methyltetrahydrofuran at 77 K and in ether, acetonitrile, and alcohol solutions at ambient temperature. This allows complete kinetic characterization of the ionic intermediates. The shorter lifetimes obtained with brominated radical anions relative to that of the parent structure are explained by scission of the carbon−halogen bond.
ChemInform Abstract: SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTRODES. XIX. AN INVESTIGATION OF SULFUR/SELENIUM SUBSTITUTION IN SINGLE CRYSTAL CADMIUM SELENIDE AND CADMIUM SULFIDE PHOTOELECTRODES BY ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY (1979)

Abstract Das Auftreten von S /Se‐Substitution in einkristallinen CdS‐ bzw. CdSe‐Photoanoden beim Betrieb in S(2‐)‐ bzw. Se(2‐)‐Lösungen enthaltenden photoelektrochemischen Zellen wird bestätigt und ein möglicher Mechanismus für den S‐Se‐Austausch sowie seine Konsequenzen auf Stabilität und Ausgangsparameter der Zellen diskutiert.
GIDL : Generalized interference detection and localization system (2002)

The Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS) and the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) are being developed by the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to provide satellite navigation performance compliant with the stringent requirements for aircraft precision approach and landing. A primary design goal of both systems is to insure that signal-in-space failures are detected by ground facilities and affected measurements are excluded before differential corrections are broadcast to users. One such failure is unintentional interference or intentional jamming in the GPS frequency band. To protect integrity, LAAS and WAAS ground facilities must quickly detect the presence of interference that fall within the restricted zone defined by LAAS and WAAS system requirements and thus may be hazardous to users. To protect availability, ground personnel must also be able to locate and deactivate the interference source. To serve this purpose, Stanford University developed and tested a 1-D Interference Direction Finding system and reported its results at ION GPS-99. This prototype demonstrated the ability to locate wideband interference sources to within a few centimeters along a 12-meter track between the two IDF antennas. This system has been significantly expanded and enhanced to form the Generalized Interference Detection and Localization System (GIDL) prototype, which includes four antennas and RF sections slaved to a common clock to allow three-dimensional interference location. Measurements of differential signal propagation delays across the multiple baselines between the GIDL antennas are combined to estimate the location of the undesired signal transmitter in a manner analogous to GPS position determination. The GIDL can be implemented in parallel with a three or four-receiver LAAS ground facility (sharing
Supplementary Figures 1-4 from Metabolomics Strategy Reveals Subpopulation of Liposarcomas Sensitive to Gemcitabine Treatment (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 163, Supplemental Figure 1: Serially passaged liposarcoma xenograft tumors derived from primary tumors and xenograft tumors derived from liposarcoma cell lines both exhibit similar 18F-FDG uptake by PET. Supplemental Figure 2: High grade liposarcomas exhibit variable FDG uptake by PET. Supplemental Figure 3: Nutrient concentrations in medium and metabolites consumed by liposarcoma cell lines. Supplemental Figure 4: Glucose and glutamine consumption rates and lactate production rates are similar in three liposarcoma cell lines&lt;/p&gt;
Energetic-particle synthesis of high-strength Al(O) alloys (1995)

High-strength Al(O) alloys, initially discovered by ion implantation, have now been produced with electron-cyclotron resonance plasma deposition and pulsed-laser deposition. The mechanical properties of these deposited alloy layers were examined with nanoindentation, and finite element modeling of the indented layer on Si substrates was used to determine yield stresses for the alloys of {approximately} 1--5 GPa. The key to these high strengths is the high density of nanometer-size {gamma}-Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} precipitates formed when high concentrations (5--30 at.%) of oxygen are introduced into aluminum as individual atoms or molecules. The strongest alloys have precipitates as small as 1 nm, implying that such small precipitates block dislocation motion. Based upon previous studies with oxygen-implanted aluminum, improved tribological properties are expected for layers made by the two new deposition methods.
Study of SR 142801, a new potent non‐peptide NK3 receptor antagonist on cardiovascular responses in conscious guinea‐pig (1996)

1. The cardiovascular responses to intravenous (i.v.) injection of natural tachykinins, substance P (SP), neurokinin A (NKA), neurokinin B (NKB) and selective tachykinin (NK) receptor agonists, [Sar9, Met(O2)11]SP, [beta Ala8]NKA(4-10), [MePhe7]NKB and senktide were assessed in conscious, freely moving, guinea-pigs. 2. SP and [Sar9, Met(O2)11]SP (1-1000 pmol kg-1) induced dose-dependent decreases in mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) accompanied by increases in heart rate (HR). NKA evoked only weak hypotensive effects at high doses (3000 pmol kg-1) whereas [beta Ala8]NKA(4-10) (1-3000 pmol kg-1) had no effects. By contrast, NKB [MePhe7]NKB (1-10,000 pmol kg-1) and senktide (1-1000 pmol kg-1), produced dose-related hypertensive effects with the following rank order of potency: senktide > [MePhe7]NKB > NKB. Bradycardia occurred simultaneously with the increases in arterial pressure. 3. The pressor response to intravenous injection of senktide (300 pmol kg-1) was partially reduced by pretreatment with prazosin (0.71 mumol kg-1), or clonidine (0.38 mumol kg-1) and was completely inhibited by the combination of the two compounds. Atropine (1.5 mumol kg-1) suppressed the decrease in HR induced by senktide without altering the blood pressure response. These findings suggest that the blood pressure response to senktide is an indirect effect mediated by noradrenaline released from sympathetic nerve endings, whereas the bradycardia is of vagal reflex origin. 4. SR 142801, ((S)-(N)-(1-(3-(1-benzoyl-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl) piperidin-3-yl) propyl)-4-phenyl-piperidin-4-yl)-N-methylacetamide), a potent and specific non-peptide NK3 receptor antagonist dose-dependently (0.46-4.6 mumol kg-1, i.v.; 4.6-46 mumol kg-1, p.o.) inhibited the cardiovascular effects of senktide and displayed a long-lasting inhibitory effect after oral administration. By contrast, SR 142806 (4.6 mumol kg-1, i.v.), the (R)-enantiomer of SR 142801 had no effect on the responses to senktide. SR 142801 at a high dose (15 mumol kg-1, i.v.) was inactive toward the [Sar9, Met(O2)11]SP-induced hypotension. 5. SR 142801 did not modify MAP in conscious guinea-pigs both after i.v. (4.6 and 15 mumol kg-1) and oral (46 and 150 mumol kg-1) administration, showing a lack of agonistic properties. However, a slight reduction in HR was observed only after i.v. injection. 6. In conclusion, these results show evident differences in the functional role of tachykinin receptors in the peripheral control of the cardiovascular system. Furthermore, a clear pressor effect of senktide, which was selectively blocked by SR 142801, was observed in conscious guinea-pigs. Hence, this antagonist appears suitable for investigating the functional role of NK3 receptors.
Simultane Lokalisierung und Kartierung spurgeführter Systeme (2012)

Voraussetzung für eine zuverlässige Lokalisierung im Schienenverkehr sind geometrische Karten des Trassennetzes. Diese existieren häufig nicht. Manuelle Verfahren zur Kartierung sind mit hohen Kosten verbunden. Abhilfe schafft die Verwendung fahrzeuginterner Sensoren. Deren automatisierte Verarbeitung erfordert simultan zur Kartierung der Umgebung die Lokalisierung des Fahrzeugs. Abhängigkeiten zwischen der Fahrzeugbewegung und der Karte werden auf diese Weise berücksichtigt.