gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
P2‐284: NUTRITIONAL MARKERS ASSOCIATED WITH CLINICAL PROGRESSION IN PATIENTS WITH MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND SUBJECTIVE COGNITIVE DECLINE: THE NUDAD STUDY (2018)

Malnutrition and nutritional deficiencies have been associated with cognitive impairment. However, most studies use a cross-sectional design. It is unclear whether changes in biomarkers precede cognitive decline or are a consequence of cognitive impairment. This study examined the predictive value of nutritional markers on clinical progression in patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The NUDAD (Nutrition, the unrecognized determinant in Alzheimer's disease) project is designed to study nutritional risk factors in (predementia stages of) Alzheimer's disease. We included 238 non-demented patients (n=107 SCD (age 61±10 y, F 42%)) and (n=131 MCI (age 66±8, F37%)). Mean±SD clinical follow-up time was 3.0±2 years. We measured 5 minerals, 6 lipids, 7 vitamins and 10 other nutritional markers (24 markers measured in blood, 1 in CSF, 3 in blood and CSF), and categorized these in tertiles. Cox proportional hazard models were used to determine the predictive value of nutritional markers. All models were corrected for sex, age, BMI, history of cardiovascular disease and lipid lowering medication. Twenty-one (20%) SCD patients and 43 (33%) MCI patients showed progression to MCI or dementia during follow-up. Vitamin B6, betaine and HDL cholesterol in blood, and homocysteine in CSF were associated with clinical progression in the SCD group (p for trend <0.05). Low levels of vitamin B6, betaine and HDL cholesterol and high levels of CSF homocysteine were protective for progression ((HR 95%CI= 3.9 (1.0-14.6), 4.4 (1.1-17.3), 6.0 (1.2-30.6), 0.3 (0.1-1.0), highest vs. lowest tertile). Within the MCI group only CSF S-adenosylmethionine was associated with clinical progression (p for trend ˂0.05), high levels were protective for progression to dementia (HR 95%CI= 0.4(0.2-1.0), highest vs. lowest tertile). In this large panel of nutritional markers we found subtle associations between various nutritional markers and clinical progression. In contrast to previous studies, higher HDL cholesterol levels and lower homocysteine levels were associated with an increased risk on clinical progression. The mild alterations shown here might reflect early metabolic changes prior to clinical progression. More distinct change in nutritional status and metabolism found in dementia patients is perhaps a consequence rather than a cause of cognitive impairment.
Design and Fabrication Technology of Low Profile Tactile Sensor with Digital Interface for Whole Body Robot Skin (2018)

Covering a whole surface of a robot with tiny sensors which can measure local pressure and transmit the data through a network is an ideal solution to give an artificial skin to robots to improve a capability of action and safety. The crucial technological barrier is to package force sensor and communication function in a small volume. In this paper, we propose the novel device structure based on a wafer bonding technology to integrate and package capacitive force sensor using silicon diaphragm and an integrated circuit separately manufactured. Unique fabrication processes are developed, such as the feed-through forming using a dicing process, a planarization of the Benzocyclobutene (BCB) polymer filled in the feed-through and a wafer bonding to stack silicon diaphragm onto ASIC (application specific integrated circuit) wafer. The ASIC used in this paper has a capacitance measurement circuit and a digital communication interface mimicking a tactile receptor of a human. We successfully integrated the force sensor and the ASIC into a 2.5 × 2.5 × 0.32.5×2.5×0.3 mm die and confirmed autonomously transmitted packets which contain digital sensing data with the linear force sensitivity of 57,640 Hz/N and 10 mN of data fluctuation. A small stray capacitance of 1.33 pF is achieved by use of 10 μm thick BCB isolation layer and this minimum package structure.
Scintillation properties of Yb-doped Bi 4 Ge 3 O 12 single crystals emitting near-infrared luminescence (2022)

Abstract Yb-doped Bi 4 Ge 3 O 12 (BGO) single crystals with different dopant concentrations were synthesized by the floating zone method, and the photoluminescence (PL) and scintillation properties in visible to near-infrared (NIR) wavelength ranges were evaluated. In PL and scintillation, a broad emission band was observed at 400–600 nm, which was ascribed to the electronic transitions of Bi 3+ . Furthermore, NIR emission bands due to Yb 3+ were observed at 1000 nm. To evaluate scintillation detector properties, the relationship between emission intensity in the NIR range and X-ray exposure dose rate was investigated. Among the present samples, 0.5 and 1% Yb-doped BGO showed good linearity in the dynamic range from 0.006 to 60 Gy h −1 .
Benzene-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in TrHBMEC and HL-60 cell lines (2004)

1 Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Box C238, School of Pharmacy, UCHSC, 4200 East 9th Ave, Denver, CO, USA 2 Cornell University, Coll. Med., New York, NY 3 Dept. of Developmental Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Mokslininku 12, 08662 Vilnius, Lithuania Benzene is a ubiquitous pollutant and known human leukemogen. The mechanism(s) by which benzene causes leukemia still remain unknown. It is generally accepted that in order to exert its cytotoxicity, benzene has to be metabolically activated to hydroquinone (HQ), catechol (Cat.), 1, 2, 4-benzenetriol (BT) and phenol (Phe). Both cell lines after the stimulation with benzene metabolites produce eIL-8, which has been reported to have proapoptotic and cytotoxic effects in HL-60 and TrHBMEC lines, respectively. The slight inhibition of apoptosis by catalase, IL-8 and CXCR1 monoclonal antibodies supports the hypothesis about a complex mechanism of cell toxicity, induced apoptosis and possible excitation of leukemia by hydroxylated benzene metabolites.
Network-on-Chip Programmable Platform in Versal TM ACAP Architecture (2019)

This paper outlines the Network-on-Chip (NoC) on Xilinx's next generation Versal-architecture. It is a hardened NoC that is present in Xilinx's next-generation 7nm architecture devices. These devices include many other new hardened features that make up the Adaptable Computing Acceleration Platform (ACAP) devices. There is a trend in FPGA devices of hardening many commonly used components such as processors, memory controllers and other IO controllers. The next generation of Xilinx devices take this a step further by providing a device-global memory mapped NoC which connects these components and the fabric in an integrated fashion. The NoC unifies communication between the processor system, FPGA fabric, memory subsystem and other hardened accelerator functions. This paper gives an overview of the Versal architecture NoC. It also motivates some of the specific characteristics of the architecture. We show how hardening the NoC lets users quickly implement high performance system level interconnect.
Abstract 5615: Effects of corticosteroids on tumor immunity induced by anti-CTLA-4 mAb therapy in a mouse model (2010)

Abstract Blockade of CTLA-4 activates/augments CD4+ and CD8+ tumor-specific T cell responses and results in tumor rejection. However, concomitant immune related adverse events (irAEs) in some anti-CTLA-4 mAb treated patients, such as skin rash and gastrointestinal inflammation, suggest that the breaking of tolerance to some normal self-antigens may accompany anti-tumor responses. As a consequence, patients are treated with immunosuppressive drugs, such as corticosteroids. Surprisingly, corticosteroids have not been reported to affect the anti-tumor responses induced by anti-CTLA-4 mAb; indeed, complete and enduring tumor regression has been seen in patients treated for irAEs with various immunosuppressive medications. In this study, we investigated the impact of corticosteroids on anti-tumor immune responses elicited by anti-CTLA-4 mAb in BALB/c mice bearing CMS5a-NY-ESO-1, a transplantable fibrosarcoma expressing NY-ESO-1 (an extensively studied human cancer/testis antigen). After CMS5a-NY-ESO-1 tumor inoculation, graded doses of methylprednisolone injection were initiated. Low doses of corticosteroids, similar to those used to treat patients with irAEs, did not suppress anti-tumor effects of anti-CTLA-4 mAb. However, high doses of corticosteroids, exceeding those used to treat patients with irAEs, impaired tumor growth inhibition by anti-CTLA-4 mAb. Furthermore, when high doses of corticosteroids were injected after the complete regression of tumors, approximately 30% of mice exhibited recurrence of CMS5a-NY-ESO-1 tumors at the initial tumor inoculation sites. This was associated with suppression of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses, indicating that anti-CTLA-4 mAb treatment induced an equilibrium-state of anti-tumor immunity, but not tumor eradication in these mice. Analyses of NY-ESO-1-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses in these mice showed that corticosteroids decreased the number of NY-ESO-1 specific T cells. We propose that dose and timing are important considerations for use of immunosuppression to treat irAEs of CTLA-4 blockade. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5615.
Abstract 15331: Ventricular Conduction and Repolarization Prolongation Noted During Right Ventricular Pacing as Predictors of Ventricular Arrhythmias and Cardiac Mortality in Subjects With Cardiomyopathy (2015)

Introduction: Clinical predictive value of transient prolonged ventricular conduction and repolarization during right ventricular (RV) pacing have not been studied. Hypothesis: Ventricular conduction and repolarization prolongation during RV pacing predict risk of arrhythmic and mortality events. Methods: Electrophysiology studies in 501 patients with cardiomyopathy (CM) were reviewed. Duration changes of QRS and QT interval during pacing from the RV apex were measured. Subjects were followed up for a mean of 3.2 years for arrhythmic events and total mortality. Results: Participants had a mean age 65 yrs, 80% male, 74% funcional class II or III, and a mean EF of 33.1%. A paced QRS duration &gt; 190 ms was associated with more severe CM and in multi-variable analysis it was associated with a 3.5 times higher risk of ventricular arrhythmias or appropriate defibrillator therapy (HR 3.5, 95% CI 2.3-5.4, p&lt;0.01) and 2.6 times higher risk of total mortality or arrhythmic events (HR 2.6, 95% CI 2.3-3.4, p&lt;0.01) compared to a paced QRS duration &lt;190 ms, independent of baseline EF or baseline QRS duration, and after adjustment for electrophysiology study results, baseline functional class, type of cardiomyopathy and other relevant clinical factors. Similarly a QTc interval during RV pacing &gt; 620 ms was associated with a 2.7 times higher risk of arrhythmic events compared to a QTc interval during RV pacing &lt; 620 ms. Conclusions: Prolongation of ventricular conduction (QRS &gt; 190 ms) and repolarization (QTc &gt; 620 ms) observed during RV pacing in subjects with CM are associated with higher risk of arrhythmic events, defibrillator therapies and all-cause mortality.
Internal-friction study of the interstitial–substitutional effect on the deformation behaviour of Nb–O, Nb–Ta–O and Nb–Mo–O single crystals (2003)

Abstract To investigate the interstitial-substitutional interaction in dislocations, the effect of 0 on the temperature, frequency and amplitude dependence of the internal friction Q −1 in Nb–O, Nb-20 mol% Ta–O and Nb-20 mol% Mo–O single crystals has been studied (f = 1.55–8.2 Hz) in the temperature range from 298 to 1473 K. In our previous study, Nb–Mo and Nb–Ta single crystals were found to be strengthened by solute O. It was also suggested that the interstitial–substitutional interaction in dislocations contributes to the increase in their critical resolved shear stress (CRSS). In this study, Snoek-type relaxation peaks due to O are observed between 500 and 700 K in all the single crystals. The Snoek peak of Nb-20mol% Mo–O consisting of several peaks is analysed. The activation energy of the Snoek peak in Nb-20mol% Mo–O is higher than that of Nb–O. These results are attributable to the existence of the interstitial–substitutional complexes. The amplitude dependence of Q −1 at intermediate and high temperatures decreases as the O content increases. Moreover, the breakaway stress of Nb-20 mol% Mo–O still has a high value at 1200K and does not decrease much even at 1473 K. This suggests that the formation of Mo–O complexes reduces the dislocation mobility at high temperatures. From the results, the effect of the interstitial-substitutional interaction on the CRSS was discussed. Additional informationNotes on contributorsEri Miura Present address: Department of Development and Reconstructive Medicine, Course of Medical and Dental Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University School of Dentistry, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan Ken'ichi Ota Present address: Division of Ceramic Physics, Department of Chemistry and Materials Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
Superior Perovskite Oxide‐Ion Conductor; Strontium‐ and Magnesium‐Doped LaGaO 3 : I, Phase Relationships and Electrical Properties (1998)

The single‐phase, cubic‐perovskite region of the LaO 1.5 ‐SrO‐Gao 1.5 ‐MgO phase diagram was determined from room‐temperature and high‐temperature X‐ray diffraction. Two impurity phases were identified, LaSrGaO 4 and aSrGa 3 O 7 . The conductivity of the oxygen‐deficient perovskite phase was shown to be essentially a purely oxide‐ion conductivity sigma o over a wide range of oxygen partial pressures 10 ‐22 lessthan equal to P O 2 lessthan equal to 1 atm. The highest values of sigma o = 0.17 and 0.08 S/cm were found for La 0.8 Sr 0.2 Ga 0.83 Mg 0.17 O 0.2815 at 800° and 700°C, respectively; they remain stable over a week‐long test. The Arrhenius plot of sigma o is curved, dividing into a high‐temperature region T &gt; T * similar/congruent 600°C and a low‐temperature region T &lt; T *. Above T * all the oxygen vacancies appear to be mobile; below T * they progressively condense into clusters of ordered vacancies.
A Novel Multiple Correction Approach for Fast Open Circuit Voltage Prediction of Lithium-Ion Battery (2018)

This paper proposes a novel fast open circuit voltage prediction approach for Lithium-ion battery, which is potential to facilitate a convenient battery modeling and states estimation in the energy storage system. Open circuit voltage measurement suffers from a long relaxation time (several hours, even days) to reach the thermodynamic equilibrium of the battery. On the basis of the feedback control theory, the proposed multiple correction approach utilizes the constrained nonlinear optimization of the power function in each curve fitting step. The voltage measurement in a short period is divided into several segments to correct the voltage prediction multiple times with the feedback errors after each curve fitting. The similarity between the shape of the power function and the variation of the terminal voltage during the relaxation time is utilized. The proposed method can speed up the time-consuming open circuit voltage measurement and predict the open circuit voltage with high accuracy. Experimental tests on a LiFePO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> battery prove the validation and effectiveness of the proposed method in accurately predicting the open circuit voltage within a very short relaxation time (less than 15 min).
Vacuum-Assisted Lancing of the Forearm: An Effective and Less Painful Approach to Blood Glucose Monitoring (2000)

A vacuum-lancet device was applied to the forearm for the purpose of obtaining capillary blood samples for glucose monitoring with minimal pain. In four clinical trials, a total of 215 individuals aged 12-77 years were tested four times using standard conditions and four times with either a different depth of lancing, different brand of lancet or a larger-sized device. The volume of blood collected using one-half atmosphere of vacuum in 40 sec was measured. The sensation and visual appearance of each lancet puncture on the forearm was recorded. Glucose was measured in forearm and in conventional fingerstick blood samples. The distribution of volumes was skewed to higher values with median values for each trial in the range of 3-10 microL. Ninety-five percent of the lancet sticks were judged as less painful than a fingerstick. Redness and bruising around the lanced sites were noted in some patients but disappeared within a few days. Overall correlation of the forearm versus fingerstick glucose values was 0.96. The vacuum-lancet device was very successful in obtaining capillary blood samples for glucose testing in a relatively painless manner. Incorporation of a glucose measuring system into the device might improve testing compliance among those who fear pain or the sight of blood.
Polyhydroxyalkanoate biosynthesis and simultaneous remotion of organic inhibitors from sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate by Burkholderia sp. (2014)

Burkholderia sp. F24, originally isolated from soil, was capable of growth on xylose and removed organic inhibitors present in a hemicellulosic hydrolysate and simultaneously produced poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB). Using non-detoxified hydrolysate, Burkholderia sp. F24 reached a cell dry weight (CDW) of 6.8 g L(-1), containing 48 % of P3HB and exhibited a volumetric productivity (PP3HB) of 0.10 g L(-1) h(-1). Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate copolymers (P3HB-co-3HV) were produced using xylose and levulinic acid (LA) as carbon sources. In shake flask cultures, the 3HV content in the copolymer increased from 9 to 43 mol% by adding LA from 1.0 to 5.0 g L(-1). In high cell density cultivation using concentrated hemicellulosic hydrolysate F24 reached 25.04 g L(-1) of CDW containing 49 % of P3HB and PP3HB of 0.28 g L(-1 )h(-1). Based on these findings, second-generation ethanol and bioplastics from sugarcane bagasse is proposed.
Cloudy with a Chance of Cost Savings (2013)

Cloud-based hosting is claimed to possess many advantages over traditional in-house (on-premise) hosting such as better scalability, ease of management, and cost savings. It is not difficult to understand how cloud-based hosting can be used to address some of the existing limitations and extend the capabilities of many types of applications. However, one of the most important questions is whether cloud-based hosting will be economically feasible for my application if migrated into the cloud. It is not straightforward to answer this question because it is not clear how my application will benefit from the claimed advantages, and, in turn, be able to convert them into tangible cost savings. Within cloud-based hosting offerings, there is a wide range of hosting options one can choose from, each impacting the cost in a different way. Answering these questions requires an in-depth understanding of the cost implications of all the possible choices specific to my circumstances. In this study, we identify a diverse set of key factors affecting the costs of deployment choices. Using benchmarks representing two different applications (TPC-W and TPC-E) we investigate the evolution of costs for different deployment choices. We consider important application characteristics such as workload intensity, growth rate, traffic size, storage, and software license to understand their impact on the overall costs. We also discuss the impact of workload variance and cloud elasticity, and certain cost factors that are subjective in nature.
Tranexamic Acid Was Not Associated with Increased Complications in High-Risk Patients with Hip Fracture Undergoing Arthroplasty (2021)

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Organic Photovoltaics: Photovoltaic Function and Exciton/Charge Transfer Dynamics in a Highly Efficient Semiconducting Copolymer (Adv. Funct. Mater. 1/2014) (2014)

Exciton dissociation pathways within a polymer bulk heterojunction film in a solar cell device is investigated by L. Yu, L. X. Chen, and co-workers on page 10. The blue fullerene derivative PCBM acts as an electron acceptor and the yellow ribbons represent the investigated low-bandgap polymer PTB7. The polymer forms both ordered pi-stacked domains and disordered domains within the film. This image was created by Nanjia Zhou from Northwestern University.
The Unusual Stability of Homoleptic Di- and Tetravalent Chromium Alkyls (2002)

Reaction of CrCl3(THF)3 with 3 equiv of R−M [R = Me3CCH2 (a), Me3SiCH2 (b)] afforded either the previously reported tetravalent homoleptic R4Cr (1a, b) [M = MgCl] or the unprecedented divalent and tetranuclear homoleptic [R2Cr]4 (2b) [M = Li]. Both types of compounds display a remarkable chemical inertness toward proton transfer agents but readily react with ethylene.
Conveyance of texture signals along a rat whisker (2021)

Neuronal activities underlying a percept are constrained by the physics of sensory signals. In the tactile sense such constraints are frictional stick-slip events, occurring, amongst other vibrotactile features, when tactile sensors are in contact with objects. We reveal new biomechanical phenomena about the transmission of these microNewton forces at the tip of a rat's whisker, where they occur, to the base where they engage primary afferents. Using high resolution videography and accurate measurement of axial and normal forces at the follicle, we show that the conical and curved rat whisker acts as a sign-converting amplification filter for moment to robustly engage primary afferents. Furthermore, we present a model based on geometrically nonlinear Cosserat rod theory and a friction model that recreates the observed whole-beam whisker dynamics. The model quantifies the relation between kinematics (positions and velocities) and dynamic variables (forces and moments). Thus, only videographic assessment of acceleration is required to estimate forces and moments measured by the primary afferents. Our study highlights how sensory systems deal with complex physical constraints of perceptual targets and sensors.
Printed Microfluidics (2017)

Microfluidics has become an important tool that is useful for a wide range of applications. A drawback for microfluidics is that many of the techniques that are commonly used to fabricate devices are not widely accessible, not scalable to high‐volume manufacturing processes, or both. Recently, a number of printing strategies that were originally developed for other applications have been applied to microfluidic device fabrication. These techniques, which include inkjet printing (IJP), screen printing (SP), and solid wax printing (SWP), are proposed to have a transformative effect on the field. Here microfluidics and printing, are introduced and a list of favorite examples is provided that highlights the accessibility and scalability that the combination is bringing to the field.