gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hierarchical Three-Dimensional Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Carbon Nanotube Wafers for Integrated Nanoelectronic Devices (2012)

We report a general approach to overcome the enormous obstacle of the integration of CNTs into devices by bonding single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) films to arbitrary substrates and transferring them into densified and lithographically processable "CNT wafers". Our approach allows hierarchical layer-by-layer assembly of SWNTs into organized three-dimensional structures, for example, bidirectional islands, crossbar arrays with and without contacts on Si, and flexible substrates. These organized SWNT structures can be integrated with low-power resistive random-access memory.
Expression of large tumour suppressor (LATS) kinases modulates chemotherapy response in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (2020)

Our data suggested that the ratio of expression of <i>LATS</i> kinases played a role in the modulation of cisplatin sensitivity in advanced lung AD, and targeting of <i>LATS</i> proteins as a novel therapeutic strategy for lung AD deserves further investigation.
Influence of SiC Cover Layer of Si Substrate on Properties of Cubic SiC Films Prepared by Hydrogen Plasma Sputtering (1999)

Cubic SiC films are grown on the (100) Si substrate with a thin SiC cover layer at 850°C by hydrogen plasma sputtering. The influences of the SiC cover layer on the properties of the SiC films are studied by scanning electron microscopy observation, X-ray diffraction and infrared absorption measurements. The obtained results demonstrate that a SiC cover layer with a thickness of about 10 nm can eliminate the hollow voids which form at the SiC film/Si substrate interface due to the plasma etching of the substrate. Furthermore, the crystal quality of the SiC films depends strongly on the crystallinity of the SiC cover layer.
All Solution‐Based Fabrication of Copper Oxide Thin Film/Cobalt‐Doped Zinc Oxide Nanowire Heterojunctions (2016)

Versatile and intriguing solution‐based processes are utilized to synthesize nanostructured materials for device applications to reduce material production and device fabrication costs. This study presents results on the fabrication and characterization of copper oxide (CuO) coated cobalt‐doped zinc oxide nanowires (Co‐doped ZnO NW s)‐based heterojunction diodes prepared by a two‐step synthesis route through combined hydrothermal growth and sol–gel spin coating. Highly dense, well‐ordered, undoped, and Co‐doped ZnO NW s were successfully grown by hydrothermal method. Complementary CuO thin films were synthesized by sol–gel method and subsequently coated onto both undoped and Co‐doped ZnO NW s through spin‐coating technique. Enhanced diode properties with a rectification ratio of 10 3 at ±2 V and an ideality factor of n = 2.4 (in dark) were obtained for Co‐doped ZnO NW s‐based heterojunction diodes. The obtained results demonstrated that the investigated heterojunction diode structure fabricated by facile and cost‐effective solution‐based processes can be a promising candidate for the next generation optoelectronic devices.
Online voltage prediction using gaussian process regression for fault-tolerant photovoltaic standalone applications (2021)

Abstract This paper presents a fault detection system for photovoltaic standalone applications based on Gaussian Process Regression (GPR). The installation is a communication repeater from the Confederación Hidrográfica del Ebro (CHE), public institution which manages the hydrographic system of Aragón, Spain. Therefore, fault-tolerance is a mandatory requirement, complex to fulfill since it depends on the meteorology, the state of the batteries and the power demand. To solve it, we propose an online voltage prediction solution where GPR is applied in a real and large dataset of two years to predict the behavior of the installation up to 48 hour. The dataset captures electrical and thermal measures of the lead-acid batteries which sustain the installation. In particular, the crucial aspect to avoid failures is to determine the voltage at the end of the night, so different GPR methods are studied. Firstly, the photovoltaic standalone installation is described, along with the dataset. Then, there is an overview of GPR, emphasizing in the key aspects to deal with real and large datasets. Besides, three online recursive multistep GPR model alternatives are tailored, justifying the selection of the hyperparameters: Regular GPR, Sparse GPR and Multiple Experts (ME) GPR. An exhaustive assessment is performed, validating the results with those obtained by Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Nonlinear Autoregressive Exogenous Model (NARX) networks. A maximum error of 127 mV and 308 mV at the end of the night with Sparse and ME, respectively, corroborates GPR as a promising tool.
Eidetic recognition of cattle using keypoint alignment (2023)

Ability to identify individual cows quickly and readily in the barn would enable real time monitoring of their behavior, health, eating habits and more, all of which could save time, money, or effort. This work focuses on creating an eidetic recognition or re-identification (ReID) algorithm that learns to recognize individual cows with just a single training example per cow and with near zero time to learn to identify a new cow, both features which the existing cattle ReID systems lack. Our algorithm is designed to improve recognition robustness to deformations in cow bodies that occur when they are walking, turning, or are seen slightly off-angle. Individual cows are first detected and localized using popular keypoint and mask detection techniques, then aligned to a fixed template, pixelated, binarized to reduce lighting effects, and serialized to obtain bit-vectors. Bit-vectors from cows at inference time are matched to those from training time using Hamming distance. To improve results, we add modules to verify the validity of detected keypoints, interpolate missing keypoints, and combine predictions from multiple frames using a majority vote. The video level accuracy is over 60% for a set of nearly 150 Holstein cows.
The in vitro influence of norfloxacin nicotinate on the selected immune cell functions in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (2007)

The aim of the study was to assess the influence of norfloxacin nicotinate on the selected immune functions of the cells isolated from head kidney of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). To estimate the drug concentrations reached in the organ, fish were given norfloxacin nicotinate orally for five days or in a single intraperitoneal injection, and the drug residues in head kidneys were determined by HPLC. The highest concentration of norfloxacin, 25.60 μg/g, was found 24 h after the drug administration at 60 mg/kg in the single intraperitoneal injection. 7 days after application, the drug amounts in the tissue reached approximately 10% of the concentrations found 24 h after application, that is 1.41-2.38 μg/g. Then in the in vitro studies leucocytes isolated from fish head kidneys were tested on the lymphocyte proliferative response on mitogens and on respiratory burst activity of phagocytic cells after cell incubation with norfloxacin nicotinate at concentrations of 1, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60 μg/ml. Suppressive effect of the drug was observed on B cell proliferation when the cells were exposed to the higher used concentrations, 30-60 μg/ml, T cells were less sensitive, the effect was seen only in the highest concentration. The drug caused stimulation of respiratory burst activity at 5 μg/ml. Other used concentrations had no effects on the studied parameter.
Peripheral refractive errors in myopic, emmetropic, and hyperopic young subjects (2002)

To gain more insight into the relationship between foveal and peripheral refractive errors in humans, spheres, cylinders, and their axes were binocularly measured across the visual field in myopic, emmetropic, and hyperopic groups of young subjects. Both automated infrared photorefraction (the "PowerRefractor"; www. plusoptix.de) and a double-pass technique were used because the PowerRefractor provided extensive data from the central 44 deg of the visual field in a very convenient and fast way. Two-dimensional maps for the average cross cylinders and spherical equivalents, as well as for the axes of the power meridians of the cylinders, were created. A small amount of lower-field myopia was detected with a significant vertical gradient in spherical equivalents. In the central visual field there was little difference among the three refractive groups. The established double-pass technique provided complementary data also from the far periphery. At 45 deg eccentricity the double-pass technique revealed relatively more hyperopic spherical equivalents in myopic subjects than in emmetropic subjects [+/-2.73 +/- 2.85 D relative to the fovea, p < 0.01 (+/- standard deviation)] and more myopic spherical equivalents in hyperopic subjects (-3.84 +/- 2.86 D relative to the fovea, p < 0.01). Owing to the pronounced peripheral astigmatism, spherical equivalents (refractions with respect to the plane of the circle of least confusion) became myopic relative to the fovea in all three groups. The finding of general peripheral myopia was unexpected. Its possible roles in foveal refractive development are discussed.
MillimeTera (2019)

The promise of widespread 5th generation (5G) and beyond wireless systems can only be fulfilled through extensive experimental campaigns aimed at validating the large body of theoretical findings on millimeter wave (mmWave) and Terahertz (THz) frequencies. However, experimental research efforts in this field are often stymied by the lack of open hardware, open-source software, and affordable testbeds accessible by the research community at large, who is now forced to perform simulation-based research or - if at all possible - small-scale, ad hoc experiments. After discussing existing research challenges in mmWave and THz testbeds, in this paper we propose MillimeTera, a vision for a new gen- eration of disruptive experimental platforms that will radically transform the status quo in mmWave and THz research. We next discuss our preliminary hardware and software efforts, and finally provide a roadmap of our main design and development goals in the years to come.
The Influence of a Cyclooxygenase-1 Inhibitor on Injured and Uninjured Ligaments in the Rat (2003)

A pure cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitor is probably not indicated as a positive influence on ligament healing but might provide benefits in ligament injury prevention.
Understanding the Degradation of Methylenediammonium and Its Role in Phase-Stabilizing Formamidinium Lead Triiodide (2023)

Formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI<sub>3</sub>) is the leading candidate for single-junction metal-halide perovskite photovoltaics, despite the metastability of this phase. To enhance its ambient-phase stability and produce world-record photovoltaic efficiencies, methylenediammonium dichloride (MDACl<sub>2</sub>) has been used as an additive in FAPbI<sub>3</sub>. MDA<sup>2+</sup> has been reported as incorporated into the perovskite lattice alongside Cl<sup>-</sup>. However, the precise function and role of MDA<sup>2+</sup> remain uncertain. Here, we grow FAPbI<sub>3</sub> single crystals from a solution containing MDACl<sub>2</sub> (FAPbI<sub>3</sub>-M). We demonstrate that FAPbI<sub>3</sub>-M crystals are stable against transformation to the photoinactive δ-phase for more than one year under ambient conditions. Critically, we reveal that MDA<sup>2+</sup> is not the direct cause of the enhanced material stability. Instead, MDA<sup>2+</sup> degrades rapidly to produce ammonium and methaniminium, which subsequently oligomerizes to yield hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA). FAPbI<sub>3</sub> crystals grown from a solution containing HMTA (FAPbI<sub>3</sub>-H) replicate the enhanced α-phase stability of FAPbI<sub>3</sub>-M. However, we further determine that HMTA is unstable in the perovskite precursor solution, where reaction with FA<sup>+</sup> is possible, leading instead to the formation of tetrahydrotriazinium (THTZ-H<sup>+</sup>). By a combination of liquid- and solid-state NMR techniques, we show that THTZ-H<sup>+</sup> is selectively incorporated into the bulk of both FAPbI<sub>3</sub>-M and FAPbI<sub>3</sub>-H at ∼0.5 mol % and infer that this addition is responsible for the improved α-phase stability.
Spontaneous fusiform middle cerebral artery aneurysms: characteristics and a proposed mechanism of formation (2003)

Analysis of results after various treatments indicates that for symptomatic lesions, therapies that reverse intraaneurysmal blood flow and augment distal cerebral perfusion are associated with better outcomes than other strategies, including conservative management. Based on the spectrum of clinical, pathological, neuroimaging, and intraoperative findings, dissection is proposed as the underlying cause of these lesions.
Maximally Confined High-Speed Second-Order Silicon Microdisk Switches (2008)

Abstract not provided.
A Code-Domain RF Signal Processing Front-end for Simultaneous Transmit and Receive with 49.5 dB Self-Interference Rejection, 12.1 dBm Receive Compression, and 34.3 dBm Transmit Compression (2019)

This paper demonstrates a code-domain transceiver that incorporates a transmit (TX) modulator and receive (RX) RF signal correlator. We propose a transmission gate switch with 12.1-dBm/23.1-dBm P1dB/IIP3 for both RF correlation and filtering and rejects TX self-interference by 49.5 dB. An integrate-and-dump N-path filter improves rejection by 8 dB. The RX power consumption is 18 mW at 1 GHz. The TX modulator operates to RF power levels up to 34.3 dBm and consumes less than 40 mW for 300 Megachip-per-second (Mc/s). Over the air testing demonstrates synchronization with Barker codes.
Analysis of GaN-HEMTs switching characteristics for power applications with compact model including parasitic contributions (2016)

In this paper, we report a newly developed compact model HiSIM-GaN [Hiroshima University STARC IGFET Model for GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs)] including a capacitance model, which accurately captures the contributions originating from the device's field plate (FP) structure. The capabilities of the reported model are demonstrated by reproduction of the measured power efficiency of a boost converter circuit, enabled through separate extraction of the parasitic FP contributions. In addition, physical trap-density modeling is verified to be also of key importance for accurate prediction of the power efficiency.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient and Scalable Synthesis of (2R,αS)‐3,4‐Dihydro‐2‐[3‐(1,1,2,2‐tetrafluoroethoxy)phenyl]‐5‐ [3‐(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl] ‐α‐(trifluoromethyl)‐1(2H)‐quinolineethanol: A Potent CETP Inhibitor. (2011)

Abstract Title compound (X) is synthesized using the cyclization of protected nitroalcohol (VII) as the key step.
Design and fabrication of a double-axicon for generation of tailorable self-imaged three-dimensional intensity voids (2006)

We propose a new design for fabrication of a highly power-efficient double axicon to generate self-imaged three-dimensional intensity voids along the propagation of a beam. The conventional conical structure of an axicon is modified and shaped like an axiconlike structure with a double-gradient surface profile. The gradient conical surfaces generate Bessel beams with varying radial wave vectors that are superimposed and interfere to generate a sequence of three-dimensional intensity voids. The proposed element was fabricated using electron-beam lithography, and experimental verification of the design is reported.
Informing efficient pilot development of animal trauma models through quality improvement strategies (2018)

Poor quality data in preclinical trials can result from inconsistent and unstandardized experimental processes. Unpredictable pre-intervention variability generates unreliable data, biases outcomes and results in needless waste of animals and resources. We applied Define-Measure-Analyse-Improve-Control (DMAIC) quality improvement processes to pilot development of a swine model of trauma, haemorrhagic shock and coagulopathy. The goal was to reduce variability through protocol standardization and error reduction. Six male Sinclair swine were sequentially anesthetized, intubated, mechanically ventilated and instrumented, then subjected to multiple-hit injury, followed by fluid resuscitation monitoring and coagulation testing. Experimental tasks were defined and mapped. Performance measures were task performance times, subject stabilization time and number of task execution errors. Process improvement was assessed by reduced times and errors, and subject stability at target physiological values. Previously-overlooked performance errors and deficiencies were identified. 'Mistake-proofing' actions included personnel retraining, revisions of standard operating procedures and use of checklists. The quality improvement pilot trial produced a stable model with reduced protocol deviations. Data quality can be improved and animal waste minimized, if experimental planning incorporates strategies to ensure protocol adherence and reduced operator performance variation and errors. Properly designed pilot trials can be essential components of refinement and reduction strategies in animal-based research.
Total Synthesis of (+)-Papuamine:  An Antifungal Pentacyclic Alkaloid from a Marine Sponge, Haliclona sp. (1996)

The total synthesis of (+)-papuamine, the antipode of the C(2)-symmetric, optically active, pentacyclic diamine natural product, starting from a chiral diol is described. The diol is available via an asymmetric Diels-Alder reaction between 1,3-butadiene and di-(-)-menthyl fumarate. The key transformation in the synthesis is an intramolecular Pd(0)-catalyzed (Stille) coupling reaction to form the central 13-membered diazadiene macrocyclic ring.
A framework for incorporating evolutionary genomics into biodiversity conservation and management (2015)

Evolutionary adaptation drives biodiversity. So far, however, evolutionary thinking has had limited impact on plans to counter the effects of climate change on biodiversity and associated ecosystem services. This is despite habitat fragmentation diminishing the ability of populations to mount evolutionary responses, via reductions in population size, reductions in gene flow and reductions in the heterogeneity of environments that populations occupy. Research on evolutionary adaptation to other challenges has benefitted enormously in recent years from genomic tools, but these have so far only been applied to the climate change issue in a piecemeal manner. Here, we explore how new genomic knowledge might be combined with evolutionary thinking in a decision framework aimed at reducing the long-term impacts of climate change on biodiversity and ecosystem services. This framework highlights the need to rethink local conservation and management efforts in biodiversity conservation. We take a dynamic view of biodiversity based on the recognition of continuously evolving lineages, and we highlight when and where new genomic approaches are justified. In general, and despite challenges in developing genomic tools for non-model organisms, genomics can help management decide when resources should be redirected to increasing gene flow and hybridisation across climate zones and facilitating in situ evolutionary change in large heterogeneous areas. It can also help inform when conservation priorities need to shift from maintaining genetically distinct populations and species to supporting processes of evolutionary change. We illustrate our argument with particular reference to Australia’s biodiversity.
Temporal development and collapse of an Arctic plant-pollinator network (2009)

We have shown that the temporal dynamics of an Arctic plant-pollinator network can be described by a simple mathematical model and that the model allows us to draw biologically interesting conclusions. Our model makes it possible to investigate how the network topology changes with changes in parameter values and might provide means to study the effect of climate on plant-pollinator networks.
Craniofacial Contouring Using Porous Polyethylene(Medpor(R)) Implant. (2004)

Among the alloplastic implants, porous polyethylene (Medpor(R)) is one of the ideal materials for augmentation of the craniofacial region. The interconnecting open pore structure of Medpor(R) allows for tissue ingrowth which promotes host integration and prevents migration. The firm nature allows easy carving and prevents collapsing. Because of these advantages, Medpor(R) has been well used for reconstruction of orbital wall. From March 1994 to December 2002, 27 patients were performed the craniofacial contouring surgery using Medpor(R). Thirteen patients were male, 14 were female. The causes of operations were as follows: trauma, 16; cosmetic, 8; and others, 3. The sites of implant were as follows: frontal, 8; temporoparietal, 6; zygoma, 5; maxilla, 3; mandible, 3; and periorbital, 2. The follow up period was 6 months to 48 months with an average of 12 months. The implants were placed into the subperiosteal plane, and fixed with titanium screws. After fixation, the final contouring was performed by carving with a knife or shaving with a high speed bur. There was no infection. All implants were in place, and there was no extrusion. All patients were satisfied at the results of the operation. The irregular margin of implant was felt in 3 cases. However, reoperation was not performed in these patients because of minimal irregularity. In conclusion, Medpor(R) allows ingrowth of soft tissue without adverse tissue response, and there is no donor mobidity. Implanted Medpor(R) were not absorbed or distorted. With these advantages, Medpor(R) could be one of ideal implants for craniofacial contouring.
Subwavelength Sound Focusing Using a Time-Reversal Acoustic Sink (2007)

International audience
Fabrication of x-ray masks for giga-bit DRAM by using a SiC membrane and W–Ti absorber (1996)

Advanced x-ray masks for giga-bit DRAM require an optimization of the mask fabrication process and a stress-free absorber. In this article, we will describe the performance of the x-ray masks fabricated by a membrane process where back-etch is performed prior to electron beam writing. With other techniques such as stress control by step-annealing and electron beam (EB) multiple writing, mask-to-mask overlay was reduced to less than 40 nm. In spite of multiple EB writing, the pattern size accuracies of 0.14 μm critical dimension were about 10% and 20% for the line and two-dimensional patterns, respectively. For further improvement in the uniformity of absorber stress and resultant higher placement accuracy, a space variant annealing method is proposed, where the nonuniformity of the absorber stress is corrected by spatially variant temperature distribution during the annealing. Under this method, the uniformity of the amorphous W–Ti absorber improved to about 10 MPa in a 50 mm diam region.