gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Multifunctional Fiber Optic Sensor for Internal Corrosion Monitoring in Natural Gas Transmission Pipelines (2018)

Abstract A novel optical fiber sensor is being developed to monitor the internal corrosion processes in the natural gas transmission pipelines. Water droplet detection and ionic strength monitoring have been experimentally demonstrated by using the proposed sensor. This fiber optic sensor provides a multifunctional platform for monitoring several major processes involved with internal corrosion, including water dropwise condensation, dissolution of corrosive gases, and corrosion product formation on the steel surface, as well as changes in environmental parameters such as temperature and stress in steel pipes. Furthermore, a distributed sensor interrogation system combining several spatially resolved demodulation schemes is proposed to determine the location of incipient corrosion events and produce distributed information about the potential for on-set of corrosion along the path of the optical fiber sensor.
37‐2: 1058‐ppi 4K LC Display Using a Top‐Gate Self‐Aligned CAAC‐OS FET (2016)

By combining negative liquid crystal with a top‐gate field‐effect transistor using a c‐axis‐aligned crystalline oxide semiconductor, we fabricated a prototype of a fringe field switching liquid‐crystal display panel with a high effective transmittance and a resolution of over 1000 ppi.
2P11 Anti-lock driving wheel control based on regenerative brake for electric train set(Shotgun Session) (2015)

This paper focuses on electric train deceleration under wet or snowy railway track conditions. In this condition, there is a risk that the driving wheels becoming locked, which causes damage to the wheel tread, i.e., a "wheel flat." This paper proposes an anti-lock driving wheel control system for electric train sets that employs a regenerative brake feedback signal generated by a propulsion inverter. The purpose of this research is to prevent driving wheel flats. The proposed method manipulates the RB signal only in situations where the driving wheel is likely to be locked, as determined according to the driving wheel speed and the acceleration. This method is expected to prevent driving wheel flats even if anti-skid valves are not equipped. In the present research, we investigate the usability of the proposed method using numerical simulations. This paper conducts to address the situation where a high deceleration reference is required under low adhesion-coefficient conditions. The simulation results without the conventional anti-skid control indicate that wheel flats are generated in the motor coach. In contrast, the proposed method is able to prevent wheel flats even if the anti-skid valves are not equipped. The proposed method is also able to apply to the motor coach which equips the anti-skid valves. The simulation results indicate that anti-skid control multiplexes to prevent wheel flats.
ChemInform Abstract: Dimeric 4‐Aryl‐1,4‐dihydropyridines as Novel HIV‐1 Protease Inhibitors — Affinities to Intestinal P‐Glycoprotein. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Nonlinear properties of poled-polymer films: SHG and electro-optic measurements (1991)

Poled polymer thin films are studied by SHG, THG, and ATR experiments. The ATR method is used for determining the linear and quadratic electro-optic (chi) (2) (-(omega) ; 0, (omega) ) and (chi) (3) (-(omega) ; 0, 0, (omega) ) coefficients. The part due to the piezoelectricity and electrostriction is characterized and it is shown that in some cases the mechanical strains are more important than the direct electro-optic effect. From SHG experiments, the degree of orientation linked to the (chi) (2) (-2 (omega) ; (omega) , (omega) ) susceptibility can be evaluated. The various results are presented in this paper.
Controlled III/V Nanowire Growth by Selective-Area Vapour Phase Epitaxy (2009)

We report on the growth of surface-bound, vertically oriented 1-D III/V nanostructures, specifically GaAs and InAs nanowires, on lattice-matched and -mismatched substrates by selective-area vapour phase epitaxy. Control of nanowire features and growth directions is achieved by tuning of the growth conditions. Grown nanostructures are characterised by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy.
7. Electron Holography (2018)

μ m 以下) を配置すると，試料情報を反映して位相 が変化した電子波と真空領域を透過した電子波が検出器上 で干渉縞を形成する．試料がなければこの干渉縞は乱れの ない縞模様となるが，試料の存在により片側の電子波の位 相が変化しているため試料の情報を反映した変化が生じ る．この干渉縞 (ホログラム) から例えば，試料内部や周囲 の電場や磁場などが再生できる (図 2) ．
Projection-based Embedded Discrete Fracture Model (2017)

Any endeavour to accurately model flow through fractured porous media at the field-scale must overcome two important challenges. First, the discretized representation of the medium needs to accommodate the complex geometry of intersecting small-scale fractures with various lengths, apertures and orientations. Second, the model formulation must ensure that the conductivity of these fractures, which can be orders of magnitude higher or lower than that of the host rock, is properly taken into account when computing the pressure map.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;The Embedded Discrete Fracture Model (EDFM) is well known in the literature for its flexibility in representing fractures. More specifically, in EDFM, fractures are lower-dimensional features, discretized independently from the matrix. Their effect on the flow is captured by defining fluxes between the fracture control volumes and the matrix grid cells they intersect.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;EDFM was proven effective in capturing the flow behaviour through porous media containing highly conductive fractures. However, its formulation fails to represent the effect of low-permeable features, such as embedded flow barriers. In this work, a novel projection-based Embedded Discrete Fracture Model (pEDFM) is introduced for flow simulation in fractured porous media with general conductivity contrasts.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;Similar to EDFM, pEDFM constructs independent grids for the fracture and matrix domains. As an additional step, the transmissibilities at matrix interfaces are automatically adjusted to account for the conductivity of neighbouring fracture networks, via a scaling factor proportional to their geometric projections.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;The performance of pEDFM is investigated extensively for two- and three-dimensional scenarios involving single- as well as multiphase flows. These numerical experiments are targeted at determining the sensitivity of the model towards the grid resolution, fracture position and orientation, as well as the conductivity contrast towards the matrix. The results of these studies support the conclusion that pEDFM significantly outperforms the original EDFM model and is a viable method for field-scale simulation of flow in naturally fractured reservoirs.
"Push-pull" supramolecular chromophores supported on cyclopolymers Part A Polymer chemistry (2008)

Well-defined macromolecules have been obtained through free-radical cyclopolymerization and cyclocopolymerization of difunctional and acrylic-like monomers, which contained supramolecular chromophores, able to form 1:1 complexes with Eu³⁺ ions in solution. The monomeric molecular modules are built around bismalonate crown ethers in a convergent fashion, in which one of the malonate moiety is derivatized as the ylidene malonate push-pull fragment, and the other malonate moiety is elaborated to introduce two polymerizable and acrylic-like substituents. The free-radical induced cyclopolymerization of these monomers, or their cyclocopolymerization with UV/Vis silent but structurally related monomers, afforded macromolecular architectures characterized by GPC, NMR and DSC techniques. UV/Vis titration studies, performed with Eu(OTf)₃ as the supramolecular probe, revealed how adjacent chromophores within the polymeric backbone are virtually independent from each other, and how the binding ability towards the probe of these multivalent, highly packed cyclopolymeric architectures, although reduced, is still clearly detectable.
Tribute to Emil Wolf: Science and Engineering Legacy of Physical Optics (2004)

Abstract : An icon in the world of optics, Emil Wolf laid the foundations of contemporary physical optics by documenting the concept of spatial coherence before lasers were introduced. This powerful concept has influenced many areas of optical science and engineering, several of which are discussed in this book and are intended to pay homage to one of the great minds of physical optics. The material is presented by major experts in the field, many of them closely connected to Emil Wolfs Institute of Optics at University of Rochester.
Thalidomide: a new old drug in the treatment of multiple myeloma (2004)

Thalidomide, a drug used initially as a sedative, was removed from widespread use since the early 1960s because of its teratogenic effect. It has now returned to clinical practice as an effective agent in the treatment oferythema nodosum leprosum. Activity has also been demonstrated in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and chronic graft-versus-host disease. More recently, the drug was found to have significant antiangiogenic and immunomodulatory effects. Clinical trials have demonstrated significant clinical response in the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (MM). In combination with dexamethasone, thalidomide was found to be as effective as aggressive intravenous chemotherapy regimens used in the initial therapy for patients with newly diagnosed MM. Except for a high rate of venous thromboembolism, thalidomide's other toxicity is well tolerated. In this review, we will detail recently published clinical trials evaluating the use of thalidomide alone or in combination with dexamethasone to treat relapsed, refractory or newly diagnosed patients with MM.
Long-term adaptive precoding for decision feedback equalization (2008)

We consider the communication of digital signals over a multiple- input multiple-output wireless channel, using a linear precoder at the transmitter and a non-linear decision feedback equalizer at the receiver. This receiver structure can exploit the signal constellation properties by using successive quantization and interference cancellation. Recently, optimal precoder designs have been found for a wide range of performance measures assuming that perfect channel- state information (CSI) is available. Herein, we propose a design taking CSI uncertainty into account by utilizing the first and second order statistics of the channel. The resulting precoder exhibits improved performance compared to similar methods based on long- term statistics.
SH-SAW Sensor Platform for Chemical Detection in Aqueous Solutions (1999)

Chemically sensitive polymers coated on delay lines utilizing shear horizontal surface acoustic wave (SH-SAW) sensors are investigated for the detection of organic analytes in liquid environments. The SH-SAW sensor platform was designed and fabricated on 36{degree} rotated Y-cut LiTaO{sub 3}. By depositing a SiO{sub 2} dielectric layer over the entire device prior to applying the polymer film, partial electrical passivation of the interdigital transducers (IDT) is obtained while increasing the mass sensitivity of the device. Changes in the mechanical properties of the chemically sensitive polymer materials were clearly detectable through a frequency shift at least one order of magnitude larger than that of a coated-quartz crystal resonator (QCR) in a similar experiment.
Become Popular in SNS: Tag Recommendation using FolkPopularityRank to Enhance Social Popularity (2017)

In this demo, we address two emerging yet challenging problems in social media: (1) scoring the text tags in terms of the influence to the numbers of views, comments, and favorite ratings of images and videos on content sharing services, and (2) recommending additional tags to increase such popularity-related numbers. For these purposes, we present a demo using our FolkPopularityRank (FP-Rank) algorithm, which can score and recommend text tags based on their ability to influence the popularity-related numbers. Our experiments using 1,000 photos showed that we can achieve 1.6 times more views than the original tag sets in Flickr just by adding tags recommended by FP-Rank.
Impact of Nonconstant Diffusion Coefficient on Latent Image Quality in 22 nm Fabrication using Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography (2008)

In chemically amplified resists, acids catalyze pattern formation reactions with acid diffusion in the presence of quenchers, starting with the initial acid distribution as a boundary condition. Diffusion coefficients have been intensively investigated and reported to depend on the condition of the matrix. In this study, the effect of nonconstant diffusion coefficients was investigated using a simulation based on the reaction mechanisms of chemically amplified extreme ultraviolet resists. It was found that nonconstant diffusion coefficients have a significant impact on the resolution, sensitivity, and image quality (line edge roughness) in 22 nm fabrication.
Analysis Of Neural Image Compression Networks For Machine-To-Machine Communication (2021)

Video and image coding for machines (VCM) is an emerging field that aims to develop compression methods resulting in optimal bitstreams when the decoded frames are analyzed by a neural network. Several approaches already exist improving classic hybrid codecs for this task. However, neural compression networks (NCNs) have made an enormous progress in coding images over the last years. Thus, it is reasonable to consider such NCNs, when the information sink at the decoder side is a neural network as well. Therefore, we build-up an evaluation framework analyzing the performance of four state-of-the-art NCNs, when a Mask R-CNN is segmenting objects from the decoded image. The compression performance is measured by the weighted average precision for the Cityscapes dataset. Based on that analysis, we find that networks with leaky ReLU as non-linearity and training with SSIM as distortion criteria results in the highest coding gains for the VCM task. Furthermore, it is shown that the GAN-based NCN architecture achieves the best coding performance and even out-performs the recently standardized Versatile Video Coding (VVC) for the given scenario.
DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS IN THE STUDY OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR FACTOR VIII ACTIVITY IN VITRO AND IN VIVO (1987)

Factor VIII is a high molecular weight plasma glycoprotein that functions in the blood clotting cascade as the cofactor for factor DCa proteolytic activation of factor X. Factor VIII does not function proteolytically in this reaction hut itself can be proteolytically activated by other coagulation enzymes such as factor Xa and thrombin. In the plasma, factor VIII exists as a 200 kDa amino-terminal fragment in a metal ion stabilized complex with a 76 kDa carboxy-terminal fragment. The isolation of the cENA for human factor VIII provided the deduced primary amino acid sequence of factor VIIT and revealed three distinct structural domains: 1) a triplicated A domain of 330 amino acids which has homology to ceruloplasmin, a plasma copper binding protein, 2) a duplicated C domain of 150 amino acids, and 3) a unique B domain of 980 amino acids. These domains are arranged as shown below. We have previously reported the B domain is dispensible far cofactor activity in vitro (Toole et al. 1986 Proc. Natl. Acad 5939). The in vivo efficacy of factor VIII molecules harboring the B domain deletion was tested by purification of the wildtype and modified forms and infusion into factor VIII deficient, hemophilic, dogs. The wildtype and the deleted forms of recombinant derived factor VIII exhibited very similar survival curves (Tl/2 = 13 hrs) and the cuticle bleeding times suggested that both preparations appeared functionally equivalent. Sepharose 4B chromatography indicated that both factor VIII molecules were capable of binding canine plasma vWF. Further studies have addressed what cleavages are necessary for activation of factor VIII. The position of the thrombin, factor Xa, and activated protein C (AFC) cleavage sites within factor VIII are presented below, site-directed ENA medicated mutagenesis has been performed to modify the arginine at the amino side of each cleavagesite to an soleucine. In all cases this modification resulted in molecules that were resistant to cleavage by thrombin at the modified site. Modification of the thrombin cleavage sites at 336 and 740 and modification of the factor Xa cleavage site at 1721 resulted in no loss of cofactor activity. Modification of the thrombin cleavage site at either 372 or 1689 destroyed oofactor activity. Modification of the thrombin cleavage site at 336 resulted in a factor VIII having an increased activity, possibly due to resistance to inactivation. These results suggest the requirement of cleavage at residues 372 and 1689 for cofactor activity.
Bifidobacterium animalis AHC7 protects against pathogen-induced NF-κB activation in vivo (2010)

Bifidobacterium animalis AHC7 exerts an anti-inflammatory effect via the attenuation of pro-inflammatory transcription factor activation in response to an infectious insult associated with modulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine production within the mucosa. The cellular mechanism underpinning Bifidobacterium animalis AHC7 mediated attenuation of NF-κB activation may include recognition of the bacterium by dendritic cells and induction of CD25+Foxp3+ T cells.
Photooxidation of azo dye Reactive Black 5 using a novel supported iron oxide: heterogeneous and homogeneous approach (2006)

Photooxidation of azo dye Reactive Black 5 (RB5) by H202 was performed with a novel supported iron oxide in a batch reactor in the range of pH 2.5-6.0. The iron oxide was prepared through a fluidized-bed reactor (FBR) and much cheaper than the Nafion-based catalysts. Experimental results indicate that the iron oxide can significantly accelerate the degradation of RB5 under the irradiation of UVA light (wavelength = 365 nm). An advantage of the catalyst is its long-term stability, which was confirmed through using the catalyst for multiple runs in the degradation of RB5. In addition, this study focused mainly on determining the proportions of homogeneous catalysis and heterogeneous catalysis in the batch reactor. Conclusively, although heterogeneous catalysis contributes primarily to the oxidation of RB5 during pH 4.5-6.0, the homogeneous catalysis is of increasing importance below pH 4.0 because of the Fe ions leaching from the catalyst to solution.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Novel 3-Sulfonyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane Class of Long Chain Fatty Acid Elongase 6 (ELOVL6) Inhibitors (2009)

Long chain fatty acid elongase 6 (ELOVL6) catalyzes the elongation of long chain fatty acyl-CoAs and is a potential target for the treatment of metabolic disorders. The ultrahigh throughput screen of our corporate chemical collections resulted in the identification of a novel 3-sulfonyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane class of ELOVL6 inhibitor 1a. Optimization of lead 1a led to the identification of the potent, selective, and orally available ELOVL6 inhibitor 1w.
Reflection Companion (2018)

Mobile, wearable and other connected devices allow people to collect and explore large amounts of data about their own activities, behavior, and well-being. Yet, learning from-, and acting upon such data remain a challenge. The process of reflection has been identified as a key component of such learning. However, most tools do not explicitly design for reflection, carrying an implicit assumption that providing access to self-tracking data is sufficient. In this paper, we present Reflection Companion, a mobile conversational system that supports engaging reflection on personal sensed data, specifically physical activity data collected with fitness trackers. Reflection Companion delivers daily adaptive mini-dialogues and graphs to users' mobile phones to promote reflection. To generate our system's mini dialogues, we conducted a set of workshops with fitness trackers users, producing a diverse corpus of 275 reflection questions synthesized into a set of 25 reflection mini dialogues. In a 2-week field deployment with 33 active Fitbit users, we examined our system's ability to engage users in reflection through dialog. Results suggest that the mini-dialogues were successful in triggering reflection and that this reflection led to increased motivation, empowerment, and adoption of new behaviors. As a strong indicator of our system's value, 16 of the 33 participants elected to continue using the system for two additional weeks without compensation. We present our findings and describe implications for the design of technology-supported dialog systems for reflection on data.
Limits and improvements of TCAD piezoresistive models in FDSOI transistors (2013)

The usefulness for technology computer-aided design (TCAD) tools of the bulk linear piezoresistive theory is limited for two reasons. The first is that the normal effective field breaks piezoresistive tensor symmetries increasing the number of independent coefficients from three to six. The second reason is due to the non-linear behavior of the mobility change at high stress values. In this paper, we investigated the six-order polynomial piezoresistive model recently published by Synopsys (MCmob) [16,17]. We demonstrated that a 3D k-space Monte-Carlo solver cannot be used for MCmob parameters calibration (as initially proposed in [16]) as it does not account for quantum confinement. Instead, using self-consistent k.p Poisson-Schrodinger solvers (Kubo-2Dk Greenwood formalism [14, 15] for mobility), we determined a set of parameters for MCmob in the case of p-type FDSOI MOSFETs with <;100> and <;110>-oriented silicon channels on (100)-oriented wafers.
Photophysical and Rheological Studies of Amphiphilic Polyelectrolytes (1995)

The synthesis and aqueous solution properties of two hydrophobically modified polyelectrolyte systems are examined. Micellar polymerization was used provide terpolymers of similar bulk composition but with varied hydrophobic microstructures via alteration of the surfactant to hydrophobic comonomer molar ratio (SMR). This synthetic parameter dictates the initial number of hydrophobic monomers per micelle, which ultimately controls the coor terpolymer microstructure and resultant solution properties. The first system utilizes the fluorescent N-[(1-pyrenylsulfonamido) ethyl]acrylamide (APS) monomer as the hydrophobic component to provide direct evidence of microstructural placement. The second system utilizing N-(4-decyl)phenyacrylamide (DPAM) exhibits associative thickening behavior which is dependent on the SMR used in polymerization. These terpolymer systems indicate how variation of the [SDS] to [hydrophobic comonomer], even over a narrow range, can provide polymer systems with significantly different microstructural characteristics and associative properties.
Learning with Hierarchical-Deep Models (2013)

We introduce HD (or &#x201C;Hierarchical-Deep&#x201D;) models, a new compositional learning architecture that integrates deep learning models with structured hierarchical Bayesian (HB) models. Specifically, we show how we can learn a hierarchical Dirichlet process (HDP) prior over the activities of the top-level features in a deep Boltzmann machine (DBM). This compound HDP-DBM model learns to learn novel concepts from very few training example by learning low-level generic features, high-level features that capture correlations among low-level features, and a category hierarchy for sharing priors over the high-level features that are typical of different kinds of concepts. We present efficient learning and inference algorithms for the HDP-DBM model and show that it is able to learn new concepts from very few examples on CIFAR-100 object recognition, handwritten character recognition, and human motion capture datasets.