gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In vitro characterization of an Fe8 cluster as potential MRI contrast agent (2005)

The complex [(tacn)(6)Fe(8)(micro(3)-O)(2)(micro(2)-OH)(12)]Br(8).9H(2)O (Fe(8)) was evaluated in vitro as a new kind of possible MRI contrast agent. Relaxivities were measured at 1.41 and 9.4 T for Fe(8) and commercial Gd-DTPA dissolved in PBS. There was significant difference for r(1) and r(2) values between Fe(8) and Gd-DTPA at high field (9.4 T) and for r(1) at low field (1.4 T) (p<0.05). Phantom studies with T(1)-weighted MRI at 9.4 T suggest T(1) contrast potential for Fe(8). That is, up to 5.2 times higher intensity enhancement with respect to that of equimolar Gd-DTPA was obtained with an Fe(8) concentration, referred to the whole molecule, of 0.2 mM, for which no toxicity on C6 cells could be detected. No toxic effects on cultured C6 cells were observed up to a concentration of 1 mM Fe(8).
Measurement of energetic single-photon production at LEP (1995)

We describe the sample of energetic single-photon events (Eγ > 15 GeV) collected by L3 in the 1991–1993 LEP runs. The event distributions agree with expectations from the Standard Model. The data are used to constrain the ZZγ coupling and to set an upper limit of 4.1 × 10−6, μB (90% C.L.) on the the magnetic moment of the τ neutrino.
[Surgical treatment of early-stage vulva carcinoma and the complications of the operation]. (2005)

The treatment of patients with early-stage squamous-cell carcinoma of the vulva (with a depth of invasion > 1 mm), i.e. stage T1 with a tumour diameter < or = 2 cm or T2 with a diameter > 2 cm without suspect groin nodes on palpation, has become less radical; in this way, the complications can be reduced without compromising the generally favourable prognosis. Wide local excision with tumour-free margins of 2 cm appears to be a safe option for the local treatment. Uni- or bilateral inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy with separate incisions is currently part of the standard treatment. The complications associated with this standard surgical treatment remain significant: there are frequent disorders of wound healing, wound infections, lymphoceles, lymphoedema and effects on psychosexual behaviour. The minimal invasive sentinel lymph-node procedure is a promising technique in patients with early-stage squamous-cell carcinoma of the vulva, but the safety of the procedure must still be proven.
A novel d‐leucine‐containing Conus peptide: diverse conformational dynamics in the contryphan family (1999)

A Conus peptide family (the contryphans) is noteworthy because of the presence of a post-translationally modified D-amino acid in all members of the family. A new contryphan peptide, Leu-contryphan-P, was isolated from the venom of Conus purpurascens; the sequence of this peptide is: Gly-Cys-Val-D-Leu-Leu-Pro-Trp-Cys-OH. This is the first known occurrence of D-leucine in a Conus peptide. The discovery of Leu-contryphan-P suggests that there may be branches of the contryphan peptide family that diverge much more in sequence than previously anticipated. Several natural contryphans provide dramatic examples of interconversion between multiple conformational states in small constrained peptides. The contryphans that have 4-trans-hydroxyproline and D-tryptophan in positions 3 and 4, respectively, exhibit two peaks under reverse-phase HPLC conditions, indicating interconversion between two discrete conformations. However, [L-Trp4]contryphan-Sm (with L-Trp substituted for D-Trp) exhibits a single, broad peak that elutes later than the natural peptide, suggesting that D-Trp stabilizes a conformation in which hydrophobic residues are buried. Leucontryphan-P which has valine and D-leucine instead of 4-trans-hydroxyproline and D-tryptophan shows only a single peak that elutes much later than the other contryphans.
Study on preparation and performance of composite liquid setting accelerator (2012)

Based on the cement chemistry and aluminates chemistry,a liquid setting accelerator was prepared using sodium aluminates,aluminum sulfate,sodium silicate and stabilizer.The main parameter related to the performance of setting accelerator was discussed.The performances of the setting accelerator including setting time of cement paste,strength of mortar and compatibility between cement and setting accelerator were evaluate.The results indicated that the liquid setting accelerator has an excellent flash setting effect and compatibility with different cements,otherwise,the accelerator has no effect on 28 d compressive strength of mortar.
Consensus opinion from an international group of experts on measurable residual disease in hairy cell leukemia (2022)

A significant body of literature has been generated related to the detection of measurable residual disease (MRD) at the time of achieving complete remission (CR) in patients with hairy cell leukemia (HCL). However, due to the indolent nature of the disease as well as reports suggesting long-term survival in patients treated with a single course of a nucleoside analog albeit without evidence of cure, the merits of detection of MRD and attempts to eradicate it have been debated. Studies utilizing novel strategies in the relapse setting have demonstrated the utility of achieving CR with undetectable MRD (uMRD) in prolonging the duration of remission. Several assays including immunohistochemical analysis of bone marrow specimens, multi-parameter flow cytometry and molecular assays to detect the mutant BRAF V600E gene or the consensus primer for the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene (IGH) rearrangement have been utilized with few comparative studies. Here we provide a consensus report on the available data, the potential merits of MRD assessment in the front-line and relapse settings and recommendations on future role of MRD assessment in HCL.
Securing DMA through virtualization (2012)

We present a solution for preventing guests in a virtualized system from using direct memory access (DMA) to access memory regions of other guests. The principles we suggest, and that we also have implemented, are purely based on software and standard hardware. No additional virtualization hardware such as an I/O Memory Management Unit (IOMMU) is needed. Instead, the protection of the DMA controller is realized with means of a common ARM MMU only. Overhead occurs only in pre- and postprocessing of DMA transfers and is limited to a few microseconds. The solution was designed with focus on security and the abstract concept of the approach was formally verified.
A fragment-based approach for efficiently creating dynamic web content (2005)

This article presents a publishing system for efficiently creating dynamic Web content. Complex Web pages are constructed from simpler fragments. Fragments may recursively embed other fragments. Relationships between Web pages and fragments are represented by object dependence graphs. We present algorithms for efficiently detecting and updating Web pages affected after one or more fragments change. We also present algorithms for publishing sets of Web pages consistently; different algorithms are used depending upon the consistency requirements.Our publishing system provides an easy method for Web site designers to specify and modify inclusion relationships among Web pages and fragments. Users can update content on multiple Web pages by modifying a template. The system then automatically updates all Web pages affected by the change. Our system accommodates both content that must be proofread before publication and is typically from humans as well as content that has to be published immediately and is typically from automated feeds.We discuss some of our experiences with real deployments of our system as well as its performance. We also quantitatively present characteristics of fragments used at a major deployment of our publishing system including fragment sizes, update frequencies, and inclusion relationships.
Robust Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer in Beamspace Massive MIMO (2019)

We investigate the worst-case robust beamforming for simultaneous wireless information and power transfer in a multiuser beamspace massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. The objective is to minimize the transmit power of the base station subject to the individual signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio and the energy-harvesting constraints under imperfect channel state information. Instead of directly resorting to semi-definite relaxation, we convert the initial non-convex optimization to a power allocation problem, which greatly reduces the computational complexity. The beamforming vectors are proven to be scaled versions of the estimated channels. The optimal scaling factors are then derived in closed-form. The simulations demonstrate that the proposed robust beamforming method achieves the globally optimal point for the initial design when the channel estimation errors are small while leads to satisfactory performance when the channel estimation errors are large.
Laser Treatment Monitoring with Reflectance Confocal Microscopy (2023)

Laser treatments have become popular in Dermatology. In parallel to technologic development enabling the availability of different laser wavelengths, non-invasive skin imaging techniques, such as reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), have been used to explore morphologic and qualitative skin characteristics. Specifically, RCM can be applied to cosmetically sensitive skin areas such as the face, without the need for skin biopsies. For these reasons, apart from its current use in skin cancer diagnosis, our systematic review reveals how RCM can be employed in the field of laser treatment monitoring, being particularly suitable for the evaluation of variations in epidermis and dermis, and pigmentary and vascular characteristics of the skin. This systematic review article aims to provide an overview on current applications of RCM laser treatment monitoring, while describing RCM features identified for different applications. Studies on human subjects treated with laser treatments, monitored with RCM, were included in the current systematic review. Five groups of treatments were identified and described: skin rejuvenation, scar tissue, pigmentary disorders, vascular disorders and other. Interestingly, RCM can assist treatments with lasers targeting all chromophores in the skin and exploiting laser induced optical breakdown. Treatment monitoring encompasses assessment at baseline and examination of changes after treatment, therefore revealing details in morphologic alterations underlying different skin conditions and mechanisms of actions of laser therapy, as well as objectify results after treatment.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Intraductal Transplantation Models of Human Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Reveal Progressive Transition of Molecular Subtypes (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Compared to OGO-derived tumors, IGO-derived tumors have less active TGF-β signaling and better resemble the Progenitor subtype of PDAC.&lt;/p&gt;
A new approach for isolated word recognition using dynamic synapse neural networks (2004)

We focus on the development of an efficient method for estimating the parameters of continuous dynamic synapse neural networks (cDSNN). We implement higher order differential equations in the cDSNN, necessitating a minor adjustment to the cDSNN architecture. The estimation of network parameters is based on extension of the quasi-linearization algorithm, which provides an explicit analytic representation for the solution of a nonlinear differential equation. We use higher order cDSNNs trained with the extended quasilinearization algorithm to the isolated word recognition task. The features derived from cDSNNs are classified using a HMM based classifier. We show that cDSNN based features are more robust in the presence of additive Gaussian white noise than state of-the-art Mel frequency features.
Mapping Out the Molecular Interplay in Monohalobenzene Inclusion Complexes ofp-H-calix[5]arene Using Hirshfeld Surfaces (2008)

Solid-state inclusion complexes of p-H-calix[5]arene with fluoro-, chloro-, bromo-, and iodobenzene have been structurally authenticated using X-ray diffraction data with a detailed analysis of the Hirshfeld surfaces facilitating an understanding of the type and nature of intermolecular interactions in the supermolecules and extended structures. All but the iodobenzene complexes are isostructural forming columnar arrays involving three crystallographically related 1:1 host–guest supermolecules (halobenzene∩calix[5]arene); three halobenzene molecules from different supermolecules are associated via C−H···X interactions for hydrogen atoms ortho to the halogen atoms, effectively creating a larger cavity from close proximity of three calix[5]arenes. The iodobenzene inclusion complex has sheets of calixarenes rather than columns in the extended packing, presumably due to the increased size of iodine circumventing the formation of the aforementioned interplay of three halobenzene molecules.
Gravity Balancing of a Human Leg Using an External Orthosis (2011)

Gravity balancing is often used in industrial machines to decrease the required actuator efforts during motion. In this paper, we present a new design for gravity balancing of the human leg using an external orthosis. This external orthosis is connected to the human leg on the shank and its other end is fixed to a walking frame. The major issues addressed in this paper are as follows: (i) design for gravity balancing of the human leg and the orthosis, (ii) kinematic compatibility of the human leg and the external orthosis during walking, and (iii) comparison of the joint torque trajectories of the human leg with and without external orthosis. We illustrate feasible 2D and 3D designs of the external orthosis through computer simulations. Our results show that the 3D design has smaller inertia with respect to 2D design, which can be more helpful for typical stroke patients to walk in a balanced position.
Optofluidic trapping and transport on solid core waveguides within a microfluidic device (2007)

In this work we demonstrate an integrated microfluidic/photonic architecture for performing dynamic optofluidic trapping and transport of particles in the evanescent field of solid core waveguides. Our architecture consists of SU-8 polymer waveguides combined with soft lithography defined poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microfluidic channels. The forces exerted by the evanescent field result in both the attraction of particles to the waveguide surface and propulsion in the direction of optical propagation both perpendicular and opposite to the direction of pressure-driven flow. Velocities as high as 28 mum/s were achieved for 3 mum diameter polystyrene spheres with an estimated 53.5 mW of guided optical power at the trapping location. The particle-size dependence of the optical forces in such devices is also characterized.
MobiSEC (2008)

Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) have emerged recently as a technology for next-generation wireless networking.
Scalar Multiplication on Elliptic Curves by Frobenius Expansions (1999)

Koblitz has suggested to use “anomalous” elliptic curves defined over F2, which are non-supersingular and allow for efficient multiplication of a point by an integer. For these curves, Meier and Staffelbach gave a method to find a polynomial of the Frobenius map corresponding to a given multiplier. Muller generalized their method to arbitrary non-supersingular elliptic curves defined over a small field of characteristic 2. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to speed up scalar multiplication on an elliptic curve defined over a small field. The proposed algorithm uses the same technique as Muller's to get an expansion by the Frobenius map, but its expansion length is half of Muller's due to the reduction step (Algorithm 1). Also, it uses a more efficient algorithm (Algorithm 3) to perform multiplication using the Frobenius expansion. Consequently, the proposed algorithm is two times faster than Muller's. Moreover, it can be applied to an elliptic curve defined over a finite field with odd characteristic and does not require any precomputation or additional memory.
SEVA: Structural Analysis based Security Evaluation of Sequential Locking (2022)

The protection of hardware intellectual properties (IPs) against reverse engineering and piracy has emerged as a critical need over the past decade. These threats are expected to remain dominant due to the following reasons: (1) prevalence of IP-based System on Chip (SoC) design flow; (2) highly globalized supply chain of hardware IP blocks; and (3) the presence of multiple untrusted parties in the SoC life cycle. Consequently, design solutions to safeguard hardware IPs against these threats have become a topic of active research. Hardware obfuscation or locking techniques have shown tremendous promise to provide robust low-cost protection against these threats. However, while researchers have explored innovative locking-based protections, a vast body of research on effective attacks on these techniques exposing their vulnerabilities has been presented. The latter forms an important and valuable contribution to the field of hardware security since it helps to understand potential vulnerabilities of locking solutions; perform security evaluation, and mitigate known vulnerabilities to entail more robust protection. In this paper, we present SEVA, a novel paradigm of structural analysis attack on sequential locking. SEVA aims at identifying and removing the inserted logic and the sequential elements in a design that is used to transform and lock its state space. We demonstrate that the proposed attack is highly scalable and precise, and widely applicable to many state-of-the-art sequential locking techniques. Based on the available information to an attacker, SEVA offers two attack modes, supervised and unsupervised machine learning (ML) analysis. We have performed the security evaluation to multiple sequential techniques and successfully identified the added state elements (SEs) with an average accuracy of 97%.
Robustness of the OOK modulation formats at 40 Gbit/s in the practical system infrastructure (2005)

We experimentally investigate the robustness of OOK modulation formats at 40 Gbit/s versus transmission impairments and optical filtering. This study is a pre-requisite for the implementation of robust transparent networks. (2 pages)
Pharmacological screening of bryophyte extracts that inhibit growth and induce abnormal phenotypes in human HeLa cancer cells (2009)

Antitumor activities of substances from natural sources apart from vascular plants and micro-organisms have been poorly investigated. Here we report on a pharmacological screening of a bryophyte extract library using a phenotypic cell-based assay revealing microtubules, centrosomes and DNA. Among the 219 moss extracts tested, we identified 41 extracts acting on cell division with various combinations of significant effects on interphasic and mitotic cells. Seven extracts were further studied using a cell viability assay, cell cycle analysis and the phenotypic assay. Three distinct pharmacological patterns were identified including two unusual phenotypes.
Operational applications of radar rainfall data in urban hydrology. (2009)

With the aim to perform real-time management of urban drainage systems, in this work an automated method is developed in order to track and forecast in the short term (5 min to 1 h lead times) the evolution of rain fields in time and space, as observed by weather radars. The model identifies single rain cells, tracks their motion and evolution, then forecasts their position, intensity and area on the basis of the information obtained during cell tracking. The model capability to provide realistic rainfall fields was assessed by comparing generated fields with radar observations in the study area. Simulated rain fields were used as an input to a rainfall-runoff model calibrated for the service area of the southside wastewater treatment plant of Rome, Italy. Results show how the proposed model can forecast the storm cell motion satisfactorily, when the past development is known. However, an improvement in cell area and intensity forecasting method is required. Copyright © 2009 IAHS Press.
720. Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells and Tumor Endothelium Are Killed by Targeting Tumor Endothelial Marker 8 (TEM8) (2015)

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) refers to a subset of breast cancers that are HER2, estrogen-receptor and progesterone-receptor negative. Associated with an aggressive phenotype and high incidence of recurrence, and devoid of the aforementioned receptors, there are currently no targeted therapies for TNBC. Tumor Endothelial Marker 8 (TEM8) is one of nine gene products up-regulated in the tumor vs. normal endothelium and is overexpressed in TNBC. To investigate whether TEM8 could serve as a viable target for TNBC therapy. To validate the target antigen we conducted double immunofluorescence staining of a cohort of 6 TNBC specimens for TEM8 and the pan-endothelial cell marker (CD31). In all 6 cases TEM8 was overexpressed, when compared to normal adjacent breast tissue. TEM8 staining was not restricted to the CD31 positive cells, but also detected in tumor parenchymal cells. The immortalized TNBC cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MdA-MB-436, MDA-MB-468 and Hs578T) expressed endogenous levels of TEM8 protein as revealed by western blot. To target TNBC using T cells we designed in silico a novel TEM8-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) molecule. This CAR consisted of a TEM8 recognition extracellular domain single-chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from the monoclonal antibody, L2, a connecting transmembrane chain, followed by CD28, 41BB and CD3-zeta chain intracellular signaling domains. The TEM8 CAR-encoding DNA construct was synthesized and then sequence verified. Retroviral transduction was used to integrate the TEM8 CAR transgene in HEK 293T, then on primary T cells. Over 90% of primary human T cells expressed the TEM8 specific CAR, as indicated by flow cytometry. TEM8 specific T cells recognized and killed TEM8 positive cells in standard 4 hour 51Cr release cytotoxicity assays, effectively targeting both TNBC and tumor endothelium cell lines. Further, TEM8 CAR T cells secreted immunostimulatory cytokines in coculture. In contrast, there was minimal reactivity against TEM8 negative targets or by non-transduced T cells from the same blood donor. Adoptively transferred TEM8 specific CAR T cells resulted in a significant decline in the tumor growth of vascularized orthotopic breast cancer xenografts in a murine model, compared to nontransduced T cells (p=0.03). We conclude that TEM8 specific CAR T cells could serve as a tumor and vascular targeted therapy for TNBC.