gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improved Perfusion with rt-PA and Hirulog in a Rabbit Model of Embolic Stroke (1997)

We conducted a study using diffusion-weighted (DWI) and perfusion-weighted (PWI) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate the efficacy of thrombolysis in an embolic stroke model with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) and hirulog, a novel direct-acting antithrombin. DWI can identify areas of ischemia minutes from stroke onset, while PWI identifies regions of impaired blood flow. Right internal carotid arteries of 36 rabbits were embolized using aged heterologous thrombi. Baseline DWI and PWI scans were obtained to confirm successful embolization. Four animals with no observable DWI lesion on the initial scan were excluded; therefore, a total of 32 animals were randomized to one of three treatment groups: rt-PA (n = 11), rt-PA plus hirulog (n = 11), or placebo (n = 10). Treatment was begun 1 h after stroke induction. Intravenous doses were as follows: rt-PA, 5 mg/kg over 0.5 h with 20% of the total dose given as a bolus; hirulog, 1 mg/kg bolus followed by 5 mg/kg over 1 h. MRI was performed at 2, 3, and 5 h following embolization. Six hours after embolization, brains were harvested, examined for hemorrhage, then prepared for histologic analysis. The rt-PA decreased fibrinogen levels by 73%, and hirulog prolonged the aPTT to four times the control value. Posttreatment areas of diffusion abnormality and perfusion delay were expressed as a ratio of baseline values. Significantly improved perfusion was seen in the rt-PA plus hirulog group compared with placebo (normalized ratios of the perfusion delay areas were as follows: placebo, 1.58, 0.47-3.59; rt-PA, 1.12, 0.04-3.95; rt-PA and hirulog, 0.40, 0.02-1.08; p < 0.05). Comparison of diffusion abnormality ratios measured at 5 h showed trends favoring reduced lesion size in both groups given rt-PA (normalized ratios of diffusion abnormality areas were as follows: placebo, 3.69, 0.39-15.71; rt-PA, 2.57, 0.74-5.00; rt-PA and hirulog, 1.95, 0.33-6.80; p = 0.32). Significant cerebral hemorrhage was observed in one placebo, two rt-PA, and three rt-PA plus hirulog treated animals. One fatal systemic hemorrhage was observed in each of the rt-PA groups. We conclude that rt-PA plus hirulog improves cerebral perfusion but does not necessarily reduce cerebral injury. DWI and PWI are useful methods for monitoring thrombolysis.
Multispectral Imaging in Light Microscopy (1998)

Abstract Many recent applications in light microscopy involve the use of multiple fluorophores or the delineation of signals arising from spectrally distinct sources. In microspectroscopy, it is always desirable to illuminate fluorescently-labeled microscopic specimens with monochromatic light as the narrowest possible excitation wavelength range usually results in the highest emission signal-to-noise ratio. Generation of polychromatic light from an arc lamp and selection of the excitation wavelength by interference filters or monochrometers are the most common techniques for excitation microspectrofluorometry. Emission spectroscopy is usually done with filter wheels, monochrometers, or interferometers inserted between the microscope detection port and the detector. This presentation will be directed toward other, less frequently-used, approaches for spectral scanning of the specimen in the light microscope. Three topics will be considered: 1) the use of acousto-optical tunable filters and lasers for rapid, narrow-band, excitation wavelength selection; 2) the use of holographic notch filters for rejection of unwanted excitation laser light; 3) using liquid-crystal tunable filters for emission scanning.
Analog antenna diversity for reliable optical wireless communication systems (2018)

By spanning a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel using multiple transmitters and receivers, we are able to employ antenna diversity schemes for increasing the reliability of communication systems in industrial production plants. In this work, we show our first experimental results of a maximal ratio combining (MRC) analog circuitry. This MRC circuitry is shown to work for a 15.625 MBd QPSK transmission over synthesized MIMO channels emulating those observed in real production plants.
Directional Beamforming for Millimeter-Wave MIMO Systems (2016)

The focus of this paper is on beamforming in a millimeter-wave (mmW) multi-input multi-output (MIMO) setup that has gained increasing traction in meeting the high data-rate requirements of next-generation wireless systems. For a given MIMO channel matrix, the optimality of beamforming with the dominant right-singular vector (RSV) at the transmit end and with the matched filter to the RSV at the receive end has been well-understood. When the channel matrix can be accurately captured by a physical (geometric) scattering model across multiple clusters/paths as is the case in mmW MIMO systems, we provide a physical interpretation for this optimal structure: beam steering across the different paths with appropriate power allocation and phase compensation. While such an explicit physical interpretation has not been provided hitherto, practical implementation of such a structure in a mmW system is fraught with considerable difficulties (complexity as well as cost) as it requires the use of per-antenna gain and phase control. This paper characterizes the loss in received SNR with an alternate low-complexity beamforming solution that needs only per-antenna phase control and corresponds to steering the beam to the dominant path at the transmit and receive ends. While the loss in received SNR can be arbitrarily large (theoretically), this loss is minimal in a large fraction of the channel realizations reinforcing the utility of directional beamforming as a good candidate solution for mmW MIMO systems.
The highly buffered Arabidopsis immune signaling network conceals the functions of its components (2017)

Plant immunity protects plants from numerous potentially pathogenic microbes. The biological network that controls plant inducible immunity must function effectively even when network components are targeted and disabled by pathogen effectors. Network buffering could confer this resilience by allowing different parts of the network to compensate for loss of one another's functions. Networks rich in buffering rely on interactions within the network, but these mechanisms are difficult to study by simple genetic means. Through a network reconstitution strategy, in which we disassemble and stepwise reassemble the plant immune network that mediates Pattern-Triggered-Immunity, we have resolved systems-level regulatory mechanisms underlying the Arabidopsis transcriptome response to the immune stimulant flagellin-22 (flg22). These mechanisms show widespread evidence of interactions among major sub-networks-we call these sectors-in the flg22-responsive transcriptome. Many of these interactions result in network buffering. Resolved regulatory mechanisms show unexpected patterns for how the jasmonate (JA), ethylene (ET), phytoalexin-deficient 4 (PAD4), and salicylate (SA) signaling sectors control the transcriptional response to flg22. We demonstrate that many of the regulatory mechanisms we resolved are not detectable by the traditional genetic approach of single-gene null-mutant analysis. Similar to potential pathogenic perturbations, null-mutant effects on immune signaling can be buffered by the network.
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated with lenalidomide (2020)

Abstract The placebo controlled CLLM1 trial evaluated the efficacy of lenalidomide maintenance treatment in patients with high-risk chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in first remission after chemoimmunotherapy (CIT). Upon observation of three cases with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in overall 56 lenalidomide treated patients (5.4%), the study treatment was prematurely stopped. Using next generation sequencing of B cell and T cell receptor (TR) rearrangements, we here report common clonal B cell ancestry between CLL and ALL in one of those three patients, in whom both diseases shared the same VDJ- as well as crosslineage TR rearrangements. Chromosomal/mutation analyses indicated that in this patient the ALL developed from a common B cell precursor which lacks genomic lesions acquired in the CLL subclone, but shares a BIRC3 frameshift deletion (p.L421fs*). In two cases we found independent IGH rearrangements indicating de novo ALL development from a different B cell clone. A retrospective cohort analysis of >1600 CLL patients treated with first-line CIT in previously reported phase 2-3 studies of the German CLL study group, yielded a significantly lower cumulative incidence of ALL at 12.6 cases/100,000 patient years, compared to 1345.5 cases/100,000 patient-years observed in the lenalidomide arm of the CLLM1 study. Given our results and increasing knowledge on the biological effects of lenalidomide in bone marrow precursor cells, we discuss the potential involvement of lenalidomide in the pathogenesis of ALL in CLL patients.
Androgen stimulation modulates signal transduction, transcriptional-regulatory, extracellular matrix and cytoskeletal genes (2011)

<b>Copyright information:</b>Taken from "Transcriptional programs activated by exposure of human prostate cancer cells to androgen"Genome Biology 2002;3(7):research0032.1-research0032.12.Published online 14 Jun 2002PMCID:PMC126237.Copyright © 2002 DePrimo et al., licensee BioMed Central Ltd As in Figure , each column represents an individual LNCaP time-point experiment. Transcripts regulated in response to androgen grouped by functional category: cell-cell interactions/extracellular matrix; cellular dynamics/cytoskeleton; regulation of transcription; signal transduction.
Design and characterization of an antenna system for UWB-MIMO communication systems (2010)

International audience
CSRS (2016)

The effectiveness of recommendation systems is improving with the incorporation of richer context. The frequentist recommendation methods such as Markov models are not efficient in simultaneous use of context and preference sequences over items due to state space explosion. On the other end, abstractionist models such as Matrix Factorization where each item or user is represented as a set of abstract features are difficult to explain. An example in this case is, recommending Web Based Trainings (WBTs) to employees, similar to Massively Open Online Courses (MOOCs), wherein use of the sequence information in the recommendation of WBTs would help the user to gradually build expertise in their area of interest. For training recommendation, it is important to identify the held expertise level in technical area, that represents a state and possible sequences of trainings that represent transitions in terms of real world entities such as trainings and associated features. Alternatively the model can estimate expertise as a mixture over a tractable set of latent interests in terms of trainings completed, contextual features such as the training sequences, keywords and user profile. To the best of our knowledge, the state-of-the-art recommendation methods do not consider both explicit context and sequence information in a single model. In this paper, we propose a Context and Sequence Aware Recommendation System (CSRS) based on latent topic modelling framework, identifying topic-memberships for items, contextual features as well as for user interests. We demonstrate benefits of incorporating both context and sequence of items for recommendation on three real world datasets.
Mycolactone cytotoxicity in Schwann cells could explain nerve damage in Buruli ulcer (2017)

Buruli ulcer is a chronic painless skin disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. The local nerve damage induced by M. ulcerans invasion is similar to the nerve damage evoked by the injection of mycolactone in a Buruli ulcer mouse model. In order to elucidate the mechanism of this nerve damage, we tested and compared the cytotoxic effect of synthetic mycolactone A/B on cultured Schwann cells, fibroblasts and macrophages. Mycolactone induced much higher cell death and apoptosis in Schwann cell line SW10 than in fibroblast line L929. These results suggest that mycolactone is a key substance in the production of nerve damage of Buruli ulcer.
Dammarane-type Triterpene Saponins from the Flowers of Panax notoginseng (2009)

Four new dammarane-type triterpene saponins named floranotoginsenosides A (1), B (2), C (3) and D (4), together with five known triterpene saponins, were isolated from the flowers of Panax notoginseng. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral and chemical evidence.
Efficient Method to Measure IMD of Power Amplifier with Simplified Phase Determination Procedure to Clarify Memory Effect Origins (2010)

This paper describes a time-domain expression based on the physical model of power amplifiers where electric memory effect is considered to be caused by even-order nonlinearity and bias impedance. It is demonstrated that the time-domain expression is consistent with the general memory polynomial reported by D.R. Morgan et al. To confirm validity of the physical model, a simple method is proposed to measure amplitude and phase of IMD by two tone test: the phase is extracted from measured small signal S-parameters of the amplifier under test. The method is applied to a GaN FET amplifier under condition that memory effect is enhanced by applying inductive cable for DC supply. Frequency dependent IMD is fitted by a parallel connection of L, C, and R: it has been confirmed that the frequency dependence of IMD is given by the bias impedance at even order harmonics of envelope frequency. The frequency dependence assures the validity of the physical model as well as the time-domain expression.
On-chip integrated nanowire devices with controllable nanogap for manipulation, capturing, and electrical characterization of nanoparticles (2009)

In summary, we reported on nanowire device platforms that are fabricated by aligning segmented (Au-Ag-Au) nanowires across microelectrode arrays under AC-electric-field and controllably forming nanogaps via selectively removing the middle (Ag) segment. This platform holds great promise to capture and probe nanoparticles.
The calder toolkit (2004)

Toolkits and other tools have dramatically reduced the time and technical expertise needed to design and implement graphical user interfaces (GUIs) allowing high-quality, iterative, user-centered design to become a common practice. Unfortunately the generation of functioning prototypes for physical interactive devices as not had similar support -- it still requires substantial time and effort by individuals with highly specialized skills and tools. This creates a divide between a designers' ability to explore form and interactivity of product designs and the ability to iterate on the basis of high fidelity interactive experiences with a functioning prototype. To help overcome this difficulty we have developed the Calder hardware toolkit. Calder is a development environment for rapidly exploring and prototyping functional physical interactive devices. Calder provides a set of reusable small input and output components, and integration into existing interface prototyping environments. These components communicate with a computer using wired and wireless connections. Calder is a tool targeted toward product and interaction designers to aid them in their early design process. In this paper we describe the process of gaining an understanding of the needs and workflow habits of our target users to generate a collection of requirements for such a toolkit. We describe technical challenges imposed by these needs, and the specifics of design and implementation of the toolkit to meet these challenges.
Immunization with a Modified Vaccinia Virus Expressing Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) Gag-Pol Primes for an Anamnestic Gag-Specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Response and Is Associated with Reduction of Viremia after SIV Challenge (2000)

The immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) recombinant expressing the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) Gag-Pol proteins (MVA-gag-pol) was explored in rhesus monkeys expressing the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I allele, MamuA*01. Macaques received four sequential intramuscular immunizations with the MVA-gag-pol recombinant virus or nonrecombinant MVA as a control. Gag-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses were detected in all MVA-gag-pol-immunized macaques by both functional assays and flow cytometric analyses of CD8(+) T cells that bound a specific MHC complex class I-peptide tetramer, with levels peaking after the second immunization. Following challenge with uncloned SIVsmE660, all macaques became infected; however, viral load set points were lower in MVA-gag-pol-immunized macaques than in the MVA-immunized control macaques. MVA-gag-pol-immunized macaques exhibited a rapid and substantial anamnestic CTL response specific for the p11C, C-M Gag epitope. The level at which CTL stabilized after resolution of primary viremia correlated inversely with plasma viral load set point (P = 0.03). Most importantly, the magnitude of reduction in viremia in the vaccinees was predicted by the magnitude of the vaccine-elicited CTL response prior to SIV challenge.
On the Tautomerism of 2‐Phenacyl‐4‐pyrimidinones and Related Compounds (1989)

Abstract 3‐Methyl‐2‐phenacyl‐4‐pyrimidinones 1 , 2 have been synthesized using the sulfide contraction. According to the NMR data, the compounds 1 , 2 exist exclusively as the benzoylmethylene tautomers a both in solution and in the solid state. AM1 calculations of the parent system are in agreement with the experimental observations. The study of the tautomeric equilibrium by this semiempirical method has been extended to other cases of enamino‐ketone/enolimine tautomerism.
Flexible amorphous‐silicon non‐volatile memory (2010)

Abstract— The development of a flexible, rewritable, non‐volatile memory (NVM) that is implemented on a standard, low‐temperature a‐Si:H process without additional mask steps is reported. This NVM is a part of a flexible‐display system. Each NVM cell is composed of differentially configured thin‐film‐transistors (TFTs). The cell reads out one of two stable states depending on the relative threshold voltages of the differentially configured TFTs. Information is stored in each cell by increasing the threshold voltage of one differential TFT or the other, utilizing the well‐known electrical‐stress degradation intrinsic to a‐Si:H TFTs. The stored information is retained indefinitely with no applied power. A test array of individually addressable NVM cells has been successfully fabricated and tested on flexible stainless‐steel substrates. Read and write operation, as well as preliminary reliability measurements, are described. The design is readily scalable to large memory arrays.
Noise powered nonlinear energy harvesting (2011)

The powering of small‐scale electronic mobile devices has been in recent years the subject of a great number of research efforts aimed primarily at finding an alternative solution to standard batteries. The harvesting of kinetic energy present in the form of random vibrations (from non‐equilibrium thermal noise up to machine vibrations) is an interesting option due to the almost universal presence of some kind of motion. Present working solutions for vibration energy harvesting are based on oscillating mechanical elements that convert kinetic energy via capacitive, inductive or piezoelectric methods. These oscillators are usually designed to be resonantly tuned to the ambient dominant frequency. However, in most cases the ambient random vibrations have their energy distributed over a wide spectrum of frequencies, especially at low frequency, and frequency tuning is not always possible due to geometrical/dynamical constraints. We present a new approach to the powering of small autonomous sensors based on vibration energy harvesting by the exploitation of nonlinear stochastic dynamics. Such a method is shown to outperform standard linear approaches based on the use of resonant oscillators and to overcome some of the most severe limitations of present strategies, like narrow bandwidth, need for continuous frequency tuning and low power efficiency. We demonstrate the superior performances of this method by applying it to piezoelectric energy harvesting from ambient vibration.
Expression of L-type amino acid transporter 1 is a poor prognostic factor for Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (2021)

L-type neutral amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) is a heterodimeric membrane transport protein involved in neutral amino acid transport. LAT1 is highly expressed in various malignant solid tumors and plays an essential role in cell proliferation. However, its role in malignant lymphoma remains unknown. Here, we evaluated LAT1 expression level in tissues from 138 patients with Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Overexpression of LAT1 was confirmed in all types of NHL and we found that there is a significant correlation between the level of LAT1 expression and lymphoma grade. The LAT1 expression was higher in aggressive types of lymphomas when compared with static types of lymphomas, suggesting that active tumor proliferation requires nutrient uptake via LAT1. The expression level of LAT1 was inversely correlated with patients' survival span. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of LAT1 by a specific inhibitor JPH203 inhibits lymphoma cell growth. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that LAT1 expression can be used as a prognostic marker for patients with NHL and targeting LAT1 by JPH203 can be a novel therapeutic modality for NHL.
Vanadium-Catalyzed Oxidative C(CO)–C(CO) Bond Cleavage for C–N Bond Formation: One-Pot Domino Transformation of 1,2-Diketones and Amidines into Imides and Amides (2017)

A novel vanadium-catalyzed one-pot domino reaction of 1,2-diketones with amidines has been identified that enables their transformation into imides and amides. The reaction proceeds by dual acylation of amidines via oxidative C(CO)-C(CO) bond cleavage of 1,2-diketones to afford N,N'-diaroyl-N-arylbenzamidine intermediates. In the reaction, these intermediates are easily hydrolyzed into imides and amides through vanadium catalysis. This method provides a practical, simple, and mild synthetic approach to access a variety of imides as well as amides in high yields. Moreover, one-step construction of imide and amide bonds with a long-chain alkyl group is an attractive feature of this protocol.
Flexible Routes to Thiophenes (2013)

Three convergent routes to thiophenes are described, hinging on the radical addition of α-xanthyl ketones to ethyl vinyl sulfide or to vinyl pivalate. The latter route ultimately proved to be the most versatile and efficient (61-94%).
Packet Throughput Analysis of Static and Dynamic TDD in Small Cell\n Networks (2017)

We develop an analytical framework for the perfor- mance comparison of small\ncell networks operating under static time division duplexing (S-TDD) and\ndynamic TDD (D-TDD). While in S-TDD downlink/uplink (DL/UL) cell transmissions\nare synchronized, in D-TDD each cell dynamically allocates resources to the\nmost demanding direction. By leveraging stochastic geom- etry and queuing\ntheory, we derive closed-form expressions for the UL and DL packet throughput,\nalso capturing the impact of random traffic arrivals and packet\nretransmissions. Through our analysis, which is validated via simulations, we\nconfirm that D-TDD outperforms S-TDD in DL, with the vice versa occurring in\nUL, since asymmetric transmissions reduce DL interference at the expense of an\nincreased UL interference. We also find that in asymmetric scenarios, where\nmost of the traffic is in DL, D-TDD provides a DL packet throughput gain by\nbetter controlling the queuing delay, and that such gain vanishes in the\nlight-traffic regime.\n