gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Peritumoral CD90+CD73+ cells possess immunosuppressive features in human non-small cell lung cancer (2021)

LW and HY are supported by a 4-year China Scholarship Council award. This work was funded, in part, by a grant from the Cancer League of Bern, Switzerland to SRRH. Laser scanning microscopy imaging was funded by the R'Equip grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation Nr. 316030_145003.
Stimulation of neutrophil oxygen-dependent metabolism by human leukocytic pyrogen. (1979)

The ability of highly purified human leukocytic pyrogen (LP) to stimulate neutrophil oxygen-dependent metabolism was studied. Human peripheral blood neutrophils exposed to leukocytic pyrogen in vitro demonstrated an increase in the percentage of neutrophils reducing nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) dye and a marked stimulation of superoxide dismutase inhibitable reduction of ferricytochrome c. LP stimulation of neutrophil oxygen-dependent metabolism was dose and time dependent. Procedures that destroyed the pyrogenicity of LP also abolished the effects on neutrophil metabolism. Neutrophil hexose monophosphate shunt activity was also stimulated by LP. In a rabbit model, the effect of in vivo LP on neutrophil superoxide generation was also studied. There was a consistent increase in the percent and absolute number of NBT positive neutrophils. Peak stimulation of neutrophil metabolism occurred after defervescence suggesting several possible mechanisms. The observations reported here may, in part, explain the nonspecificity of the NBT test in febrile, noninfected patients and provide further understanding of neutrophil physiology during acute inflammation.
Geospatial Technologies Applied to International Boundaries - the Case Study of Guinea Bissau (2015)

Modern geospatial technologies applied to frontiers involve remote sensing data, namely satellite imagery, orthophoto or orthoimages, global navigation technology (GPS/GNSS), as well as Geographical Information System (GIS) tools, which have been used during the last decade for boundary delimitation, demarcation or revision. This paper intends to present the case study of Guinea Bissau boundary which was the first African Portuguese colonies to settle its boundaries. It was delimitated by a Franco– Portuguese convention signed in Paris on May 12, 1886, and ratified later in Lisbon, on August 31, 1887. The demarcation was completed between 1900 and 1905 and recorded in memoranda prepared by the commissioners. For historical reasons Tropical Research Institute (IICT) concentrates a unique, vast and diverse amount of information concerning the borders of those countries. The scope of this research is to explore new methodologies and approaches to study frontiers, making use of geospatial technologies. A Boundary Geographical Information System (BGIS) is being developed based on GIS technology which is a powerful tool to integrate various datasets, visualize, analyze and model spatial and territorial specificities. Historicaldiplomatic information will be articulated with the geospatial data, in order to be included into the geodatabase and to recover the location of the borderlines. The original analogue data was converted into digital format, and image processing techniques were applied to remove residual artifacts, improving the appearance of the documents and reducing storage volume. These methodologies prepared the images for the application of optical character recognition (OCR) before integrating them into the geodatabase. The main objective is to make this information useful and accessible, in a digital platform, to support local authorities, thus promoting cooperation and facilitating public access. The BGIS will be used for present and future management of Guinea Bissau boundaries and as an instrument for policy making.
Industry Perspective (2017)

5G is a unifying connectivity fabric that will expand the value of mobile networks to take on a much larger role than previous generations, empowering many new connected services across an array of world-changing use cases. At the heart of 5G is the new 5G New Radio unified air interface that is being designed to meet the expanding connectivity needs in the next decade and beyond.
Charge-Transfer Intermediates in the Electrochemical Doping Mechanism of Conjugated Polymers (2020)

In this work, we address the nature of electrochemically induced charged states in conjugated polymers, their evolution as a function of electrochemical potential, and their coupling to their local environment by means of transient absorption and Raman spectroscopies synergistically performed in situ throughout the electrochemical doping process. In particular, we investigate the fundamental mechanism of electrochemical doping in an oligoether-functionalized 3,4-propylenedioxythiophene (ProDOT) copolymer. The changes embedded in both linear and transient absorption features allow us to identify a precursor electronic state with charge-transfer (CT) character that precedes polaron formation and bulk electronic conductivity. This state is shown to contribute to the ultrafast quenching of both neutral molecular excitations and polarons. Raman spectra relate the electronic transition of this precursor state predominantly to the C&lt;sub&gt;β&lt;/sub&gt; -C&lt;sub&gt;β&lt;/sub&gt; stretching mode of the thiophene heterocycle. We characterize the coupling of the CT-like state with primary excitons and electrochemically induced charge separated states, providing insight into the energetic landscape of a heterogeneous polymer-electrolyte system and demonstrate how such coupling depends on environmental parameters, such as polymer structure, electrolyte composition, and environmental polarity.&lt;br&gt;
Accelerated Image Reconstruction for Nonlinear Diffractive Imaging (2017)

The problem of reconstructing an object from the measurements of the light it scatters is common in numerous imaging applications. While the most popular formulations of the problem are based on linearizing the object-light relationship, there is an increased interest in considering nonlinear formulations that can account for multiple light scattering. In this paper, we propose an image reconstruction method, called CISOR, for nonlinear diffractive imaging, based on a nonconvex optimization formulation with total variation (TV) regularization. The nonconvex solver used in CISOR is our new variant of fast iterative shrinkage/thresholding algorithm (FISTA). We provide fast and memory-efficient implementation of the new FISTA variant and prove that it reliably converges for our nonconvex optimization problem. In addition, we systematically compare our method with other state-of-the-art methods on simulated as well as experimentally measured data in both 2D and 3D settings.
Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver in a hypercholesterolemic population of northwestern peninsular Malaysia. (2010)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease worldwide and a frequent finding on ultrasound examination. NAFLD is considered as the liver component of metabolic syndrome and is linked to accelerated atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. No data from systematic studies regarding the prevalence of NAFLD are available for the Malaysian population. One hundred eighty untreated hypercholesterolemic volunteers underwent blood and ultrasound examinations to evaluate their livers. NAFLD was diagnosed in 102 subjects (56.7%) with similar prevalences between sexes. Of the 102 positive subjects 82 (80.4%) were graded as mild, 17 (16.7%) as moderate and 3 (2.9%) as severe fatty liver cases. Elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels were found in 13 of 180 subjects (7.2%), while elevated AST and ALT levels were seen in 30 (16.7%) and 22 (12.2%) of the180 subjects, respectively.
The Effect of the Rural Setting on School Counselors. (1990)

Living in rural America is, for many awareness has been reflected in the in people, neither an unmitigated blesscreasing number of journal articles and ing nor a burdensome curse. It is a books that address rural concerns, the mixture of both. On the one hand, runumber and type of federal programs ral settings offer a unique and often specifically oriented toward rural school very satisfying quality of life, but on systems and the personnel working the other hand, there are many presthem. Sher (1978) wrote: Whatever sures that may have an adverse affect the origins, the most salient fact now on psychosocial needs. Although all is that this consensus is emerging: Ru segments of society have been effected ral education is worthy of significantly by the stresses created by advancing more attention and assistance than re technology, the way in which these searchers, policy makers, and educa changes have coalesced has created a tors have accorded it in the recent past. different set of pressures for those liv(p. 280). ing in rural areas (Wilkinson, 1978). As Rural schools seem to have an edu a result of these changes and the difcational environment with unique ferent experiences of rural inhabitcharacteristics. Some of the strengths ants, there is an uncommon set of needs commonly associated with rural schools for schools in this environment. Helge are a slower pace with less pressure, (1981) noted that two thirds (67%) of greater community cooperation, less all schools and one-third (33%) of all bureaucracy, and more informal inter school children in the United States are actions within the staff (Blasi, 1981). in rural areas; thus, resources have been Weaknesses include problems related spread thin even after years of assumto poverty, a small tax base with a high ing that rural life was a diminishing er percentage going to education, out facet of the American way of life. In migration of young adults, a higher cost fact, there has been a decline in school of services related to transportation and consolidation and a population shift to the scarcity of professional resources nonmetropolitan areas (Naisbitt, 1982). Now there is an increasing awareness ~ i • 7 7 7~ r , . i r i ■ /°?i Sutton, r. is a professor of counselor of the educational needs of this popg(Wion and Robert s Southworth u a profes. ulation as there is recognition that rusor 0j e(fUCational psychology at the University of ral America is playing, and will continSouthern Maine, Gorham. (A complete descrip ue to play, a significant role in the tion of statistical procedures used in this article shaping of society (Helge, 1983). This is available from the senior author.)
Metal Cation-Binding Mechanisms of Q-Proline Peptoid Macrocycles in Solution (2021)

The rational design of foldable and functionalizable peptidomimetic scaffolds requires the concerted application of both computational and experimental methods. Recently, a new class of designed peptoid macrocycle incorporating spiroligomer proline mimics (Q-prolines) has been found to pre-organize when bound by monovalent metal cations. To determine the solution-state structure of these cation-bound macrocycles, we employ a Bayesian inference method (BICePs) to reconcile enhanced-sampling molecular simulations with sparse ROESY correlations from experimental NMR studies. The BICePs approach circumvents the need for bespoke force field parameterization, instead relying on experimental restraints to help narrow the possible set of cis/trans amide isomers in solution. Conformations predicted to be most populated in solution were then simulated in the presence of explicit cations to yield trajectories with observed binding events, revealing a highly-preorganized all-trans amide conformation, whose formation is likely limited by the slow rate of cis/trans isomerization. Interestingly, this conformation differs from a racemic crystal structure solved in the absence of cation. Free energies of cation binding computed from distance-dependent potentials of mean force suggest Na+ has higher affinity to the macrocycle than K+, with both cations binding much more strongly in acetonitrile than water. The simulated affinities are able to correctly rank the extent to which different macrocycle sequences exhibit preorganization in the presence of different metal cations and solvents, suggesting our approach is suitable for solution-state computational design.
A Digital Human for Delivering a Remote Loneliness and Stress Intervention to At-Risk Younger and Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Randomized Pilot Trial (2021)

Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12620000786998; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=380113.
Automatic classification of protein crystallization images using a curve-tracking algorithm (2004)

An algorithm for automatic classification of protein crystallization images acquired from a high-throughput vapor-diffusion system is described. The classifier uses edge detection followed by dynamic-programming curve tracking to determine the drop boundary; this technique optimizes a scoring function that incorporates roundness, smoothness and gradient intensity. The classifier focuses on the most promising region in the drop and computes a number of statistical features, including some derived from the Hough transform and from curve tracking. The five classes of images are `Empty', `Clear', `Precipitate', `Microcrystal Hit' and `Crystal'. On test data, the classifier gives about 12% false negatives (true crystals called `Empty', `Clear' or `Precipitate') and about 14% false positives (true clears or precipitates called `Crystal' or `Microcrystal Hit').
Multi-parametric cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging detects subclinical myocardial involvement in patients diagnosed with phaeochromocytoma (2015)

Background In patients with phaeochromocytoma, acute or chronic exposure to catecholamines may lead to cardiac pathology, including left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, stress-induced cardiomyopathy and heart failure. The burden of myocardial involvement in this disease with systemic effects is unknown. In this prospective, multicentre study, we sought to describe the variety and incidence of cardiac abnormalities in patients diagnosed with phaeochromocytoma using multi-parametric cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. Methods We studied 50 patients diagnosed with phaeochromocytoma. Twenty patients (n=20, age 51±14 yrs) newly-diagnosed with confirmed phaeochromocytoma prospectively underwent CMR before and after curative surgical resection of the phaeochromocytoma (median follow-up 1 year). In addition, 30 patients (n=30, age 52±14 yrs) previously diagnosed with phaeochromocytoma who had curative surgery were also recruited for cardiac characterisation. Patients with known cardiac conditions were excluded. CMR included cine imaging for global and regional LV function, dark-blood T2-weighted imaging for oedema and late gadolinium enhancement imaging to detect the presence and patterns of any scarring. Results In patients with newly-diagnosed phaeochromocytoma, the mean LV ejection fraction was 67±10% (EF range 4788%); of these patients, 20% (n=4/20) had mild global LV dysfunction (EF 47-56%). A significant proportion (65%, n=13/20) demonstrated scarring, all with a non-ischaemic pattern, but these areas were small (<10% myocardium); no patient had evidence of myocardial infarction (isolated subendocardial scarring). One patient demonstrated global myocardial oedema with normal EF. All LV dysfunction or oedema were reversible and normalised at postoperative follow-up. In patients previously-diagnosed who already had had curative surgery, the mean LVEF was essentially normal (73±7%) with only one patient (3%) who had mild global LV dysfunction (EF=56%). Compared to the newlydiagnosed patients, a significantly smaller proportion of previously-diagnosed patients (17% vs. 65%; p<0.001) demonstrated areas of scarring, which were also small in areas with a non-ischaemic pattern, except for one patient who suffered a small myocardial infarction. Conclusions Subclinical cardiac abnormalities are frequent findings on CMR in patients newly-diagnosed with phaeochromocytoma, including mild LV dysfunction, myocardial oedema and small areas of non-ischaemic scarring, with the former two demonstrating normalization after surgical resection of the phaeochromocytoma. In patients who had previously undergone curative surgical resection of their phaeochromocytomas, the incidence of cardiac
Preparation of Conductive Organic–Inorganic Cubic Perovskite Thin Films by Dual-Source Vacuum Vapor Deposition (2006)

We successfully obtained conductive organic–inorganic cubic perovskite CH3NH3SnI3 thin films by vacuum vapor deposition. The vacuum-deposited thin films showed a low electrical resistivity of 8.7×10-4 Ω cm. Furthermore, the cubic perovskite thin films could be patterned in the shape of a shadow mask by vacuum vapor deposition. A field-effect transistor (FET) comprising a pentacene thin film as a semiconductor and the cubic perovskite thin films as source–drain electrodes was fabricated. The FET with the cubic perovskite top-contact source–drain electrodes revealed typical field-effect characteristics. The saturation-regime hole mobility, drain current on/off ratio, and threshold voltage of the FET were 0.004 cm2/(V·s), 1.2×103, and -7.2 V, respectively.
CAR-T Cell-Mediated B Cell Depletion in Central Nervous System Autoimmunity (2022)

<h3>Objective</h3> Evaluate chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell mediated B cell depletion in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). <h3>Background</h3> CAR-T cells are autologous T cells expressing a non-MHC target antigen specific receptor. We tested whether anti-CD19 CAR-T cells, which more thoroughly deplete human B cell populations than monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), recapitulated the beneficial effects of B cell depletion in EAE. <h3>Design/Methods</h3> Anti-CD19 CAR-T cells or control T cells that overexpressed green fluorescent protein were transferred into female wild-type C57BL/6 mice that had been pretreated with cyclophosphamide. EAE was induced by immunization with either recombinant human (rh) myelin oligodendrocyte protein (MOG) (B cell-dependent) or MOG peptide (p) 35-55 (B cell-independent). Mice were evaluated daily for clinical signs of EAE and weekly for peripheral B and T cell counts. B cell levels, T cell immune modulation and histology were assessed at peak disease and at termination. <h3>Results</h3> In rhMOG-induced EAE, clinical scores and histologic lymphocyte infiltration were reduced in mice treated with cyclophosphamide and either anti-CD19 CAR-T cells or control T cells. B cell depletion was observed in peripheral lymphoid tissue and in the central nervous system (CNS) of mice treated with anti-CD19 CAR T cells, similar to effects of anti-CD20 mAbs. There was no difference in T cell modulation including Th1 or Th17 populations, but there was a trend towards increase in Treg populations in the periphery and CNS in the anti-CD19 CAR-T cell and control T cell treated animals. Clinical scores and histology did not differ among treatment groups in p35-55-induced disease. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Anti-CD19 CAR-T cells thoroughly deplete B cells peripherally and within the CNS. Treatment also results in less severe rhMOG-induced disease, but it was independent of B cell depletion. Our results are consistent with human data indicating that anti-CD19 CAR-T cells deplete B cells across compartments, suggesting that they may hold promise for progressive MS.
Songbird chemosignals: volatile compounds in preen gland secretions vary among individuals, sexes, and populations (2010)

Chemical signaling has been documented in many animals, but its potential importance in avian species, particularly songbirds, has received far less attention. We tested whether volatile compounds in the preen oil of a songbird (Junco hyemalis) contain reliable information about individual identity, sex, or population of origin by repeated sampling from captive male and female juncos originating from 2 recently diverged junco populations in southern California. One of the populations recently colonized an urban environment; the other resides in a species-typical montane environment. The birds were field-caught as juveniles, housed under identical conditions, and fed the same diet for 10 months prior to sampling. We used capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to quantify the relative abundance of 19 volatile compounds previously shown to vary seasonally in this species. We found individual repeatability as well as significant sex and population differences in volatile profiles. The persistence of population differences in a common environment suggests that preen oil chemistry likely has a genetic basis and may thus evolve rapidly in response to environmental change. These finding suggest that songbird preen oil odors have the potential to function as chemosignals associated with mate recognition or reproductive isolation.
Polarization insensitive electro-optic polymer modulator (2000)

Electro-optic waveguiding polymer devices are very attractive for optical communication systems as a result of simple and potentially low-cost fabrication procedures. Several functions, such as high speed modulation or switching, have been already demonstrated. However, their polarization sensitive response precludes any actual use in optical telecommunication systems. The traditional uniform poling procedure, a prerequisite processing step for electro-optic polymer based devices whereby an electric field is applied at the vicinity of the glass transition temperature resulting in statistical polar orientation of the chromophores, is responsible for polarization sensitivity. By way of different coplanar or sandwich electrode configurations, any desired prerequisite modulation axis can, however, be imprinted onto the material resulting in the possibility of balanced TE/TM polarization efficiencies. Monolithic integration of both electrode configurations within a Mach–Zehnder modulator is shown to result in an original polarization insensitive electro-optic polymer amplitude modulator for integrated optics. Design procedures including modeling, fabrication, as well as performance testing of the integrated sandwich and transverse electrode configurations device are discussed. The electrode configuration is optimized in view of ensuring both efficient poling conditions and maximal overlap of the modulation field with the active layer cross section.
Potassium Superoxide as an Alternative Reagent for Winterfeldt Oxidation of β‐Carbolines. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.