gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of the Confinement Layer Design on the Luminescence of InGaN/GaN Single Quantum Wells (1999)

The effect of different confinement layers on the luminescence of InGaN single quantum well structures grown by MOCVD was studied. The brightest photoluminescence was observed for samples with superlattice (SL) confinement layers with internal quantum efficiencies reaching 90%. Picosecond carrier transport and capture investigations using wavelength dependent pump–probe measurements indicated that the enhanced luminescence efficiency of the samples with SL cladding layers is caused by the capture of carriers from the SL confinement region. The “funneling” effect is discussed with respect to the confinement layer design in the individual structures and the carrier lifetime.
Synthesis and X-ray Crystal Structures of Novel Spiro 1,3-benzoxazine Dimers (2002)

Novel spiro 1,3-benzoxazine dimers are obtained when hydrazones of 2-hydroxyacetophenone are treated with triphosgene. An X-ray crystal structure, and the NMR and mass spectra of these new compounds, are reported and discussed.
Priming by DNA Immunization Augments Protective Efficacy ofMycobacterium bovisBacille Calmette-Guerin against Tuberculosis (2001)

Sequential immunization with mycobacterial antigen Ag85B-expressing DNA and Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) was more effective than BCG immunization in protecting against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Depletion of the CD8(+) T cells in the immunized mice impaired protection in their spleens, indicating that this improved efficacy was partially mediated by CD8(+) T cells.
Planning Future Strategies for Domestic and International NeuroAIDS Research, July 24–25, 2008 (2009)

The National Institute of Mental Health in cooperation with the National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke organized a meeting on July 24-25, 2008 to develop novel research directions for neuroAIDS research. The deliberations of this meeting are outlined in this brief report. Several critical research areas in neuroAIDS were identified as areas of emphasis. Opportunities for collaborations between large NIH-funded projects were also discussed.
Auxin controls the division of root endodermal cells (2021)

The root endodermis forms a selective barrier that prevents the free diffusion of solutes into the vasculature; to make this barrier, endodermal cells deposit hydrophobic compounds in their cell walls, forming the Casparian strip. Here, we showed that, in contrast to vascular and epidermal root cells, endodermal root cells do not divide alongside the root apical meristem in Arabidopsis thaliana. Auxin treatment induced division of endodermal cells in wild-type plants, but not in the auxin signaling mutant auxin resistant3-1. Endodermis-specific activation of auxin responses by expression of truncated AUXIN-RESPONSIVE FACTOR5 (ΔARF5) in root endodermal cells under the control of the ENDODERMIS7 promoter (EN7::ΔARF5) also induced endodermal cell division. We used an auxin transport inhibitor to cause accumulation of auxin in endodermal cells, which induced endodermal cell division. In addition, knockout of P-GLYCOPROTEIN1 (PGP1) and PGP19, which mediate centripetal auxin flow, promoted the division of endodermal cells. Together, these findings reveal a tight link between the endodermal auxin response and endodermal cell division, suggesting that auxin is a key regulator controlling the division of root endodermal cells, and that PGP1 and PGP19 are involved in regulating endodermal cell division.
Familial Aggregation in Specific Language Impairment (2001)

A case-control family study design, in which the current language-related abilities of all biological, primary relatives (mother, father, siblings) of probands with specific language impairment (SLI) and matched controls were assessed, was used to investigate familial aggregation for language disorders. Current test data from each family member showed the rate of language impairment for mothers, fathers, sisters, and brothers of the SLI probands to be significantly higher than for members of control families. Impairment rates for fathers and mothers were approximately equal, whereas rates for brothers were significantly higher than for sisters. In SLI proband families, Language Impairment (LI) occurred in 13.0% of offspring (excluding proband) with neither parent affected, 40% of offspring with one parent affected, and 71.4% of offspring in families in which both parents were language impaired. Rates of impairment as determined in current testing were compared directly to impairment rates estimated from family-history questionnaires collected from the same families. Group data showed impairment rates estimated from the family-history questionnaires to be similar to the rates based on actual testing. Furthermore, both appeared in line with rates based primarily on questionnaire data as reported previously in the literature. However, case-by-case analyses showed poor intrasubject agreement on classification as language impaired on the basis of current testing as compared to history information.
D-2-1 Upstream Product Design for Low-Noise MFP (2014)

This paper introduces a method of upstream product design for low-noise MFP (Multifunctional Peripherals). At first, noise level of similar MFP is measured and the acoustic power level of each noise source is calculated. If motors of new MFP differ, single noise source data is acquired separately. Non-stationary noise such as paper collision noise and clutch, are extracted by subtracting stationary noise (ex. motor) from copying noise applying spectral subtraction. Acoustic power levels are predicted according to specifications such as noise level and copying speed and the contributing rate of noise sources are calculated. Next, the level of noise sources are assigned according to the size of the contributing rate and the difficulty level of noise control so that a new MFP noise level will fit in the specifications. The rank order of noise sources with high contributing rate was properly extracted.
Linear Electro-Optic Properties Of An Azo Dye Using Guided Modes Resonances In L.B. Multilayers (1988)

The method of optical mode coupling is used in the detection of the electro-optic response of monolayers and multilayers LB films. We show that this method represents a sensitive tool and a simple technique by which the second order non linear properties for different layers organization (Y or Z) may be quantified.
Forearm bone-anchored amputation prosthesis: A case study on the osseointegration (2008)

Our observations in this retrieval study provide a structural correlate to the functional properties and clinical results of amputation prostheses.
Phasevarion Mediated Epigenetic Gene Regulation in Helicobacter pylori (2011)

Many host-adapted bacterial pathogens contain DNA methyltransferases (mod genes) that are subject to phase-variable expression (high-frequency reversible ON/OFF switching of gene expression). In Haemophilus influenzae and pathogenic Neisseria, the random switching of the modA gene, associated with a phase-variable type III restriction modification (R-M) system, controls expression of a phase-variable regulon of genes (a "phasevarion"), via differential methylation of the genome in the modA ON and OFF states. Phase-variable type III R-M systems are also found in Helicobacter pylori, suggesting that phasevarions may also exist in this key human pathogen. Phylogenetic studies on the phase-variable type III modH gene revealed that there are 17 distinct alleles in H. pylori, which differ only in their DNA recognition domain. One of the most commonly found alleles was modH5 (16% of isolates). Microarray analysis comparing the wild-type P12modH5 ON strain to a P12ΔmodH5 mutant revealed that six genes were either up- or down-regulated, and some were virulence-associated. These included flaA, which encodes a flagella protein important in motility and hopG, an outer membrane protein essential for colonization and associated with gastric cancer. This study provides the first evidence of this epigenetic mechanism of gene expression in H. pylori. Characterisation of H. pylori modH phasevarions to define stable immunological targets will be essential for vaccine development and may also contribute to understanding H. pylori pathogenesis.
Single‐Shell Carbon‐Encapsulated Iron Nanoparticles: Synthesis and High Electrocatalytic Activity for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (2015)

Efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) through effective and inexpensive electrocatalysts is a valuable approach for clean and renewable energy systems. Here, single-shell carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles (SCEINs) decorated on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are introduced as a novel highly active and durable non-noble-metal catalyst for the HER. This catalyst exhibits catalytic properties superior to previously studied nonprecious materials and comparable to those of platinum. The SCEIN/SWNT is synthesized by a novel fast and low-cost aerosol chemical vapor deposition method in a one-step synthesis. In SCEINs the single carbon layer does not prevent desired access of the reactants to the vicinity of the iron nanoparticles but protects the active metallic core from oxidation. This finding opens new avenues for utilizing active transition metals such as iron in a wide range of applications.
Transient Temperature Response of Pulsed-Laser-Induced Heating for Nanoshell-Based Hyperthermia Treatment (2009)

This paper aims to address the transient phenomenon in pulsed-laser-induced heating for nanoshell-based hyperthermia. Within the framework of dual phase lag model, the transient temperature with the relaxation behavior involved was compared with that based on Fourier's law. The temporal variation of temperature is investigated under the irradiation of pulsed laser, as well as continuous-wave (CW) laser. A semianalytical solution of 1-D nonhomogenous dual phase lag equation in spherical coordinates is presented. The results show that the transient temperature with relaxation behavior considered is generally higher than that predicted by a classical diffusion model. The magnitude of difference depends on pulsewidth, duty cycle, and repetition rate. The maximal transient temperature is as high as 350 times the steady-state temperature in a CW case. The biological effect caused by the overheating in a short period needs to be studied further.
Fragment-Based Approaches to Epigenetic Targets (2015)

Drugs that target aberrant epigenetic states of disease offer the prospect for long-lasting and effective treatments through the control of multiple genes. Although the proteins and mechanisms responsible for epigenetic regulation are becoming better understood, these processes are highly complex, and there is a great need for high-quality small-molecule probes to unravel their biology. This chapter focuses on the so-called histone code, the modules that read it, and the enzymes that control it. It describes recent case studies, discusses the challenges remaining and outlines the prospects for the future of fragment-based drug discovery in this rapidly evolving area of biology.
Selective Placement of Fractures in Horizontal Wells in Offshore Brazil Demonstrates Effectiveness of HydraJet Stimulation Process (2007)

Summary Cased cemented completions have not been the preferred horizon-tal-well completion method in offshore Brazil. Lower-cost solutions such as uncemented preperforated liners were often used in completing horizontal wells offshore and are usually very effective. Often, however, low production rates mean that stimulation treatments become necessary for many wells. The use of conventional stimulation technology has generally been ineffective for these completions, which posed a challenge for the operator to find an effective solution for continuing developments in some fields. These challenges included reevaluating the more expensive cased cemented completions to allow more effective options for future stimulation, as well as trying to find newer stimulation techniques that can be effective with lower-cost completions (noncemented liners). In the attempt to find an economical yet effective stimulation solution, the operator chose to implement a unique and relatively new hydrajet stimulation technique that has a proven success rate in onshore applications. The technique can be applied in either sandstone or carbonate formations, which are commonplace in this field; therefore, stimulation plans in this area will include fracture acidizing as well as propped fracture stimulations that use a high concentration of proppants or curable resin-coated prop-pants (RCPs). This paper discusses the early results of this investigation. Wells that were completed and evaluated using different completion schemes are reviewed.
The use of ion implantation techniques to study protective oxide scale adherence effects (1985)

Data supporting a new mechanism to account for the beneficial effects of active elements such as yttrium on the adherence of protective alumina scales is presented. Previous work involving cast alloys had shown that, in the absence of yttrium, indigenous sulfur at tramp levels segregated to and weakened the bond between the scale and the underlying metal. Yttrium interacted with sulfur to form refractory compounds, thereby reducing the amount of sulfur available for segregation. In this study, the ion implantation of 27Al+ and 32S+ was used to modify alloy chemistries of Ni–Cr–Al–Y alloys. Results of oxidation tests on implanted alloys confirmed the role of yttrium in inhibiting interface segregation of sulfur. Al+ ion implantation did not modify the adherence of alumina scales on Ni–Cr–Al–Y alloys, thereby ruling out radiation damage effects. However, S+ implantation caused scale exfoliation.
Arterial Spin-Labeling MRI Can Identify the Presence and Intensity of Collateral Perfusion in Patients With Moyamoya Disease (2011)

ASL can noninvasively predict the presence and intensity of collateral flow in patients with Moyamoya disease using DSA as a gold standard. Further study of other cerebrovascular diseases, including acute ischemic stroke, is warranted.
Structure of the Smectic-BPhase and the Nature of the Smectic-Bto -HTransition in the N-(4-n-Alkoxybenzylidene)-4′-Alkylanilines (1979)

The phase behavior and structures of several liquid crystals of the $n\mathrm{O}.m$ (${\mathrm{C}}_{n}{\mathrm{H}}_{2n+1}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{OPhCHNPh}{\mathrm{C}}_{m}{\mathrm{H}}_{2m+1}$) series of compounds have been established by a variety of experiments. The hexagonal close-packed layers of the ${S}_{B}$ phases have a bilayer stacking sequence. The structure is increasingly modulated with decreasing temperature by periodic displacements of the molecules along their long axes. An additional displacement of this type occurs at the ${S}_{B}\ensuremath{-}{S}_{H}$ transition.
Privacy-Preserving Social Ambiance Measure From Free-Living Speech Associates With Chronic Depressive and Psychotic Disorders (2021)

A social interaction consists of contributions by the individual, the environment and the interaction between the two. Ideally, to enable effective assessment and interventions for social isolation, an issue inherent to depressive and psychotic illnesses, the isolation must be identified in real-time and at an individual level. However, research addressing sociability deficits is largely focused on determining loneliness, rather than isolation, and lacks focus on the richness of the social environment the individual revolves in. In this paper, We describe the development of an automated, objective and privacy-preserving Social Ambiance Measure (SAM) that converts unconstrained audio recordings collected from wrist-worn audio-bands into four levels, ranging from none to active. The ambiance levels are based on the number of simultaneous speakers, which is a proxy for overall social activity in the environment. Results show that social ambiance patterns and time spent at each ambiance level differed between participants with depressive or psychotic disorders and healthy controls. Individuals with depression/psychosis spent less time in diverse environments and less time in moderate/active ambiance levels. Moreover, social ambiance patterns are found associated with the severity of self-reported depression, anxiety symptoms and personality traits. The results in this paper suggest that objectively measured social ambiance can be used as a marker of sociability, and holds potential to be leveraged to better understand social isolation and develop effective interventions for sociability challenges, thus improving mental health outcomes.
Diabetes, Obesity, and Pathological Upstaging in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Results From a Large Multi-institutional Consortium (2023)

Diabetes and higher BMI were associated with pathological upstaging, as were preoperative tumor size, increased age, and male sex. Similarly, hilar tumors were frequently upstaged.
Fabrication of field emission display prototype based on Si field emission arrays with diamond coating (1997)

A new concept of field emission display (FED) based on ungated silicon field emission arrays with diamond coating is proposed. FED prototypes have been fabricated and tested in dc and pulse modes. Sufficiently bright light emission was observed at an anode-to-cathode voltage of 200–300 V.
Low-Loss Infrared Metamaterials: New Architectures and Unconventional Materials. (2011)

Abstract not provided.
Application of Zinc(II)–Binol for the Formal Aza‐Diels–Alder Reaction of N‐Arylimines with Danishefsky's Diene: CD‐Based Absolute Stereochemistry Determination, Origin of Asymmetric Induction and Mechanistic Considerations (2007)

Abstract Zinc(II)–binol has been employed as an efficient Lewis acid catalyst (10 or 100 mol‐% loading) for the formal aza‐Diels–Alder reaction of ester, furyl and dimethyl acetal‐substituted N ‐aryl imines. Asymmetric induction varies from poor to good, with the major enantiomer obtained being ( S ) when the ( S )‐binol complex has been employed. The absolute stereochemistry of the dimethyl acetal‐substituted cycloaduct was determined by CD, and both efficient aza‐Diels–Alder reaction and asymmetric induction are proposed to be dependent upon the formation of bidentate zinc‐imine complexes. These complexes have been modelled using semi‐empirical methods. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Supplementary Table 3 from NY-ESO-1 Expression in Meningioma Suggests a Rationale for New Immunotherapeutic Approaches (2023)

&lt;p&gt;XLSX file - 26K, Analysis for Reactivity to NY-ESO-1 Protein by ELISA in Meningioma Serum Samples.&lt;/p&gt;
Optimizing queries in distributed and composable mediators (1999)

The mediator-wrapper approach to integrate data from heterogeneous data sources has usually been centralized in the sense that a single mediator system is placed between a number of data sources and the applications. As the number of data sources increases, the centralized mediator architecture becomes a bottleneck. This paper presents an architecture for composable and distributed mediator servers, defined in terms of other mediator servers. The modularity of composable mediators allows to build larger systems of distributed mediators integrating many data sources, without the need to maintain a global schema. Composable mediators furthermore provide data independence by allowing locality of changes in both submediators and data sources. However a problem with a distributed and composable mediator architecture is that the query performance may degrade as the number of mediators increases. We describe some challenges for processing queries in this type of environment, and propose a distributed query decomposition algorithm that eliminates some of the overhead of logical mediator composition. For certain mediator compositions it produces distributed query plans whose inter-mediator data flow is optimal with respect to the query but is different from the logical interdependencies between the involved mediators. Experimental results show that this strategy improves the query performance and allows an increase of the number of mediators without query performance degradation.
A Comparative Transcriptomic Meta-Analysis Revealed Conserved Key Genes and Regulatory Networks Involved in Drought Tolerance in Cereal Crops (2021)

Drought affects plant growth and development, causing severe yield losses, especially in cereal crops. The identification of genes involved in drought tolerance is crucial for the development of drought-tolerant crops. The aim of this study was to identify genes that are conserved key players for conferring drought tolerance in cereals. By comparing the transcriptomic changes between tolerant and susceptible genotypes in four Gramineae species, we identified 69 conserved drought tolerant-related (CDT) genes that are potentially involved in the drought tolerance of all of the analysed species. The CDT genes are principally involved in stress response, photosynthesis, chlorophyll biogenesis, secondary metabolism, jasmonic acid signalling, and cellular transport. Twenty CDT genes are not yet characterized and can be novel candidates for drought tolerance. The k-means clustering analysis of expression data highlighted the prominent roles of photosynthesis and leaf senescence-related mechanisms in differentiating the drought response between tolerant and sensitive genotypes. In addition, we identified specific transcription factors that could regulate the expression of photosynthesis and leaf senescence-related genes. Our analysis suggests that the balance between the induction of leaf senescence and maintenance of photosynthesis during drought plays a major role in tolerance. Fine-tuning of CDT gene expression modulation by specific transcription factors can be the key to improving drought tolerance in cereals.
Test Solutions for High Density 3D-IC Interconnects - Focus on SRAM-on-Logic Partitioning (2019)

Test infrastructure of High-Density Three-Dimensional Integrated Circuits (HD 3D-IC) present a new test challenges because of the high interconnect density and the area cost for test features. In this work, we firstly present a pre-analysis of the testability of HD 3D-IC; we define the minimum acceptable 3D pitch value for a given technology to ensure the circuits testability. Afterwards, we propose an optimized DFT architecture allowing pre-bond and post-bond test for SRAM/Logic HD 3D-IC in line with the ongoing IEEE P1838 standard.
White-emitting solid state lighting by electrophoretic deposition of phosphors (2012)

Electrophoretic deposition has been applied for depositing phosphors for application to solid state lighting. A “remote phosphor” configuration was employed in a UV-LED-based white light source for better light extraction efficiency.