gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Towards Efficient Neuromorphic Hardware: Unsupervised Adaptive Neuron Pruning (2020)

To solve real-time challenges, neuromorphic systems generally require deep and complex network structures. Thus, it is crucial to search for effective solutions that can reduce network complexity, improve energy efficiency, and maintain high accuracy. To this end, we propose unsupervised pruning strategies that are focused on pruning neurons while training in spiking neural networks (SNNs) by utilizing network dynamics. The importance of neurons is determined by the fact that neurons that fire more spikes contribute more to network performance. Based on these criteria, we demonstrate that pruning with an adaptive spike count threshold provides a simple and effective approach that can reduce network size significantly and maintain high classification accuracy. The online adaptive pruning shows potential for developing energy-efficient training techniques due to less memory access and less weight-update computation. Furthermore, a parallel digital implementation scheme is proposed to implement spiking neural networks (SNNs) on field programmable gate array (FPGA). Notably, our proposed pruning strategies preserve the dense format of weight matrices, so the implementation architecture remains the same after network compression. The adaptive pruning strategy enables 2.3× reduction in memory size and 2.8× improvement on energy efficiency when 400 neurons are pruned from an 800-neuron network, while the loss of classification accuracy is 1.69%. And the best choice of pruning percentage depends on the trade-off among accuracy, memory, and energy. Therefore, this work offers a promising solution for effective network compression and energy-efficient hardware implementation of neuromorphic systems in real-time applications.
Relapsed Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Previously Treated with All-Trans Retinoic Acid: Clinical Experience with a New Synthetic Retinoid, Am-80 (1998)

All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), a potent differentiating drug for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), induces a high incidence of complete remission (CR) in patients with APL and is now established as a first-line therapy. However, ATRA resistance has become a clinical problem. Patients who relapsed after ATRA-induced CR have had difficulty in obtaining a second CR with ATRA therapy. Although several mechanisms have been postulated, treatment strategies to overcome resistance have not been established. We used a new synthetic retinoid, Am-80, as reinduction therapy for APL relapse after from ATRA-induced CR. Am-80 was several times more potent than ATRA in inducing differentiation in vitro. At a 6 mg/m2 dose, there were 24 evaluable patients; 14 (58%) achieved CR between days 20 and 58 (median, 37 days). Clinical response correlated with the in vitro response to Am-80. Adverse effects included retinoic acid syndrome (n = 1), hyperleukocytosis (n = 1), xerosis (n = 9), cheilitis (n = 8), hypertriglyceridemia (n = 16), and hypercholesterolemia (n = 15). Am-80 is active in APL after relapse from ATRA-induced CR. Further clinical trials are needed to establish strategies to overcome ATRA resistance.
A collimator-converter system for IEC propulsion (2002)

The collimator-converter system extracts fusion power from D-3He fueled IEC devices and provides electricity needed to operate ionic thrusters and other-power components. The whole system is linear and consists of a series of collimator units at the center, magnetic expander units at both sides of the fusion units, followed by direct energy converters at both ends. This system is enclosed in a vacuum chamber with a magnetic channel provided by magnetic solenoids out of respective chambers. The fusion unit consists of an IEC fusion core, a pair of coils anti-parallel to the solenoid coils, and a stabilization coil that stabilizes the position of coil pair coils. The IEC fusion core is installed at the center of the pair coils. After the magnetic expander, velocities of fusion particles from D-3He fueled IEC units are directed to the magnetic channel, which guides energetic fusion particles as well as leaking unburned fuel components to a high-efficiency traveling wave direct energy converter (TWDEC). Leaking unburned fuel components are separated with a magnetic separator at the entrance of a direct energy converter and pumped out for further refueling. A TWDEC is made of an array of metallic meshed grids, each of which is connected to every terminal with an external transmission circuit. The transmission line couples to the direct energy converter. Substations for electricity, a cryogenic plant, and various power control systems are outside of the vacuum chamber. The length of the cylindrical system is essentially determined by the proton energy of 14.8 MeV and the radius should be large so as to reduce power flow density. The present system provides 250 MWf fusion power and converting it to 150 MWc electricity. Its size is 150 m(length)×6.6 m(diameter) in size and 185 tons in weight.
Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)‐profiling for biomarker discovery applied to human polycystic ovarian syndrome (2017)

MRM-profiling is a supervised method characterized by its simplicity, speed and the absence of chromatographic separation. It can be used to rapidly isolate discriminating molecules in healthy/disease conditions by tailored screening of signals associated with hundreds of molecules in complex samples.
223 IN VITRO AND IN VIVO NEUTRALIZATION OF LPS BY HUMAN POLYSPECIFIC IgM (1995)

Laulan, A.; Souvannavong, C.; Lejars, A.; Rufin, J. M.; Bourigault, C.; Bartholeyns, J.; Basuyaux, B. Author Information
Fabrication and characterization of planar and channel waveguides in hybrid sol-gel systems (2000)

We report on linear optical properties of Disperse Red 1 (DR1) doped sol-gel planar and channel waveguides. The refractive index and optical propagation losses of the guiding layer were measured between 0.756 micrometers and 1.64 micrometers . In the telecommunications window, the attenuation is dominated by the overtones of the O-H bonds vibration bands. We also report on photobleached channel waveguides. Propagation losses were measured at 1.064 micrometers as a function of the waveguide width. Attenuation coefficients as low as 1 cm<SUP>-1</SUP> in 4 to 8 micrometers wide channel waveguides were demonstrated. A good confinement of the light is observed in a 3 hours bleached sample. The suitability of plasma etching as an alternative technique for fabricating channel waveguides is demonstrated.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Fluorination of Cyclic Vinyl Triflates: Effect of TESCF3 as an Additive (2016)

Abstract A method for the palladium‐catalyzed fluorination of cyclic vinyl triflates has been developed. As with several previous palladium‐catalyzed fluorination reactions using fluoride salts, controlling the regioselectivity presented a challenge in developing a practical synthetic procedure. The addition of triethyl(trifluoromethyl)silane (TESCF 3 ) was found to effectively address this problem and resulted in drastically improved regioselectivities in this palladium‐catalyzed fluorination reaction. This discovery, along with the use of a new biarylphosphine ligand, allowed for the development of an efficient and highly regioselective protocol for the fluorination of vinyl triflates. This method is compatible with a range of sensitive functional groups and provides access to five‐, six‐, and seven‐membered cyclic vinyl fluorides.
State of Charge Estimation Error due to Parameter Mismatch in a Generalized Explicit Lithium Ion Battery Model (2011)

Model-based state of charge (SOC) estimation with output feedback of the voltage error is steadily augmenting more traditional coulomb counting or voltage inversion techniques in hybrid electric vehicle applications. In this paper, the state (SOC) estimation error in the presence of model parameter mismatch is calculated for a general lithium ion battery model with linear diffusion or impedance-based state dynamics and nonlinear output voltage equations. The estimation error due to initial conditions and inputs is derived for linearized battery models and also verified by nonlinear simulations. It is shown that in some cases of parameter mismatch, the state, e.g. SOC, estimation error will be significant while the voltage estimation error is negligible.
Design and analysis of PM fractional slot machine considering the fault operation (2012)

Electromechanical actuators for automotive chassis application such as active/semi-active suspensions, electric power steering and electric brakes require high performance electric machines. This paper analyzes the practicality of fractional slot permanent magnet electric machines for these applications based on the full investigation of five candidate machines in terms of electrical, mechanical and also fault performances. Machine designs which simultaneously achieve high torque/ampere, high torque/inertia, low torque ripple and fast response required for these applications are presented. Two prototype machines were built and tested and found to meet the performance requirements.
(Val8)GLP‐1‐Glu‐PAL: a GLP‐1 Agonist That Improves Hippocampal Neurogenesis, Glucose Homeostasis, and β‐Cell Function in High‐Fat‐Fed Mice (2012)

This study examined the biological properties of a novel GLP-1 peptide, (Val(8))GLP-1-Glu-PAL, engineered with an Ala(8)→Val(8) substitution and additional incorporation of a C(16) fatty acid moiety at Lys(26) via a glutamic acid linker. GLP-1 underwent 75 % degradation by DPP-IV over 8 h, whereas (Val(8))GLP-1 and (Val(8))GLP-1-Glu-PAL remained intact. All GLP-1 peptides significantly stimulated insulin secretion at 5.6 mM (1.3- to 4.9-fold, p<0.01 to p<0.001) and 16.7 mM glucose (1.5- to 2.3-fold, p<0.001). At higher concentrations (Val(8))GLP-1-Glu-PAL was significantly more potent at stimulating insulin secretion (1.2- to 1.3-fold, p<0.05). In high-fat-fed mice, all GLP-1 peptides significantly lowered plasma glucose concentrations (41-66 % decrease, p<0.05 to p<0.001), with (Val(8))GLP-1-Glu-PAL eliciting protracted glucose-lowering actions (32-59 % decrease, p<0.05 to p<0.01) when administered 8 h prior to a glucose load. Twice-daily administration of (Val(8))GLP-1-Glu-PAL in high-fat-fed mice for 21 days had no effect on bodyweight or food intake, but significantly lowered non-fasting plasma glucose (43-46 % decrease, p<0.05). (Val(8))GLP-1-Glu-PAL markedly decreased glycemic excursion following intraperitoneal glucose (32-48 % decrease, p<0.05), enhanced insulin response to glucose (2- to 2.3-fold, p<0.05 to p<0.01), and improved insulin sensitivity (25-38 % decrease in plasma glucose, p<0.05). O(2) consumption, CO(2) production, RER, and energy expenditure were not altered by (Val(8))GLP-1-Glu-PAL therapy. Treatment with (Val(8))GLP-1-Glu-PAL resulted in a significant increase in BrdU-positive cells (1.3-fold, p<0.05) in the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus. These data demonstrate that (Val(8))GLP-1-Glu-PAL is a long-acting GLP-1 peptide that significantly improves hippocampal neurogenesis, glucose homeostasis, and insulin secretion in high-fat-fed mice.
Inverse electron demand Diels–Alder (iEDDA)-initiated conjugation: a (high) potential click chemistry scheme (2013)

Inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reactions (iEDDA) between 1,2,4,5-tetrazines and olefins have emerged into a state-of-the art concept for the conjugation of biomolecules. Now, this reaction is also increasingly being applied in polymer science and materials science. The orthogonality of this exciting reaction to other well-established click chemistry schemes, its high reaction speed and its biocompatibility are key features of iEDDA making it a powerful alternative to existing ligation chemistries. The intention of this tutorial review is to introduce the reader to the fundamentals of inverse electron demand Diels-Alder additions and to answer the question whether iEDDA chemistry is living up to the criteria for a "click" reaction and can serve as a basis for future applications in post-synthetic modification of materials.
Modeling of wideband radio frequency power amplifiers using Zernike polynomials (2012)

In this article, we suggest a new set of basis functions that are based on Zernike polynomials for the behavioral modeling of radio frequency power amplifiers (PAs). The modeling of highly nonlinear PAs exhibits numerical instability that degrades the accuracy of the model parameters and predistorter modeling efficiency. Simulation results show that the proposed polynomial model is more suitable to resolve the numerical instability problem and proves to have greater accuracy with reduced complexity. A Doherty PA driven by a multicarrier wideband code division multiple access signal was used for validation; and, the obtained results show that the new model exhibits superior numerical stability as the nonlinearity order and memory depth of the model increase. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2012.
In Silico Analysis of PKS and NRPS Gene Clusters in Arisostatin- and Kosinostatin-Producers and Description of Micromonospora okii sp. nov. (2021)

<i>Micromonospora</i> sp. TP-A0316 and <i>Micromonospora</i> sp. TP-A0468 are producers of arisostatin and kosinostatin, respectively. <i>Micromonospora</i> sp. TP-A0316 showed a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 100% to <i>Micromonospora</i><i>oryzae</i> CP2R9-1<sup>T</sup> whereas <i>Micromonospora</i> sp. TP-A0468 showed a 99.3% similarity to <i>Micromonospora haikouensis</i> 232617<sup>T</sup>. A phylogenetic analysis based on <i>gyrB</i> sequences suggested that <i>Micromonospora</i> sp. TP-A0316 is closely related to <i>Micromonospora oryzae</i> whereas <i>Micromonospora</i> TP-A0468 is an independent genomospecies. As <i>Micromonospora</i> sp. TP-A0468 showed some phenotypic differences to its closely related species, it was classified as a novel species, for which the name <i>Micromonospora okii</i> sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TP-A0468<sup>T</sup> (= NBRC 110461<sup>T</sup>). <i>Micromonospora</i> sp. TP-A0316 and <i>M. okii</i> TP-A0468<sup>T</sup> were both found to harbor 15 gene clusters for secondary metabolites such as polyketides and nonribosomal peptides in their genomes. Arisostatin-biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) of <i>Micromonospora</i> sp. TP-A0316 closely resembled tetrocarcin A-BGC of <i>Micromonospora chalcea</i> NRRL 11289. A large type-I polyketide synthase gene cluster was present in each genome of <i>Micromonospora</i> sp. TP-A0316 and <i>M. okii</i> TP-A0468<sup>T</sup>. It was an ortholog of quinolidomicin-BGC of <i>M. chalcea</i> AK-AN57 and widely distributed in the genus <i>Micromonospora</i>.
A roadmap towards mobile applications with accessibility for visually impaired users: guideline and its evaluation (2019)

When applications intend to support accessibility, several aspects of interface design and usability must be reviewed to adapt or extend common functional requirements that are implemented to ensure easy use of applications. However, initiatives to develop guidelines for accessible mobile applications are recent and several approaches present only suggestions rather than a concrete list of requirements. It is becoming increasingly apparent not only the need for social and digital inclusion of people with disabilities but also the urgency to make devices and applications truly accessible to anyone. This work focuses on accessibility requirements for visually impaired users and it is part of a broader effort that involves different types of impairments. Our research method was based on three main steps. First, from an initial set of 1014 scientific and technical articles, 46 were analyzed to identify requirements that are related to visual impairments. Second, we carried out an observation-based analysis to confirm the importance of these requirements, considering a set of accessibility tests with impaired volunteers. Third, the Design Thinking process was used to implement an application prototype, considering the most important requirements that were identified along with the two first steps. This application was submitted to a user-centered evaluation with volunteers, which also supported the evolution of our requirements. We sought to include prior knowledge aligned with all pre-identified requirements, culminating in something that would add to the procedure greater validation. As the main result, this paper presents the complete roadmap of this process, which resulted in a guideline and evaluation method to support the integration of accessibility aspects into mobile applications.
Interrogating cellular perception and decision making with optogenetic tools (2016)

Optogenetics promises to deepen our understanding of how cells perceive and respond to complex and dynamic signals and how this perception regulates normal and abnormal function. In this study, we present our vision for how these nascent tools may transform our view of fundamental cell biological processes.
Elektrische Antriebstechnik (2017)

No AccessElektrifizierung in der FahrzeugtechnikOct 2017Elektrische AntriebstechnikOliver ZirnOliver ZirnSearch for more papers by this authorhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446453647.005SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2017Pages: 178-233Print ISBN: 978-3-446-45094-3eISBN: 978-3-446-45364-7 Copyright & Permissions© 2017 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Partonic flow and φ-meson production in Au + Au collisions at √ s NN = 200 GeV (2007)

We present first measurements of the φ-meson elliptic flow (υ 2 (p T )) and high-statistics p T distributions for different centralities from √ s NN = 200  GeV Au + Au collisions at RHIC. In minimum bias collisions the υ 2 of the φ meson is consistent with the trend observed for mesons. The ratio of the yields of the Ω to those of the φ as a function of transverse momentum is consistent with a model based on the recombination of thermal s quarks up to p T ∼ 4  GeV/c, but disagrees at higher momenta. The nuclear modification factor (RCP) of φ follows the trend observed in the K 0 S mesons rather than in Λ baryons, supporting baryon-meson scaling. These data are consistent with φ mesons in central Au + Au collisions being created via coalescence of thermalized s quarks and the formation of a hot and dense matter with partonic collectivity at RHIC.
Branch cross-correlation in presence of spatially selective interference Expressed in Terms of the spherical vector wave expansion of the electromagnetic field (2008)

In this paper we present an analysis of the cross-correlation coefficient between signals at two antenna branches (ports) in the presence of spatially selective interference and additive white gaussian noise. More specifically, we look at a ±45 ◦ slanted polarization diversity arrangement, which is rotated around the axis perpendicular to the plane containing the antennas. Results are provided as a function of the rotation angle. The analysis is based on the spherical vector wave multi-pole expansion of both the field impinging on the antennas and the antenna radiation properties. 1
SU-FF-J-137: Rapid Prototyping of Vascular Trees for Quality Assurance of Dynamic Contrast Enhanced Perfusion Imaging and Analysis (2009)

Purpose: The increasing need for a quantitative imaging validation tool is fueled by the propagation of perfusion imaging for cancer treatment, prognosis and evaluation. Current methods of providing validation for dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) imaging and analyses have been limited to simulated data, which do not account for variances in image acquisition and artifacts, and static phantoms, which do not yet monitor dynamic effects and their analyses. This work investigates Rapid Prototyping (RP) techniques as a means of creating a high-order branched vascular phantom amenable to modular integration of regions with differential perfusion. Method and Materials: Three dimensional computerized vascular trees were generated. Each successive bifurcation produced vessels with a smaller inner diameter. The tree structure was fabricated using two RP methods: Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) and Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) using polycaprolactone (PCL) and ABSplus, respectively. Tests of the phantoms included evaluation of occlusion for the smaller diameter vessels, as well as DCE CT for end-to-end testing with perfusion analysis software. Results: Three orders of branching were produced. The build accuracy of the phantoms were assessed with physical measurements and determined to be approximately +/− 200 microns. Vessels with inner diameters of 900 microns were successfully created. DCE CT demonstrated usable flow data across the increasing levels of bifurcation. Conclusion: RP has been successfully tested as a means to generate vascular networks in association with construction of a perfusion phantom for quality assurance of DCE imaging and analysis. Current efforts include development of modular elements for generation of the capillary-tissue interface. Supported by NIH P01-CA59827 and the Gates Foundation.
Brief Communication on Pathologic Assessment of Persistent Stable Metastatic Lesions in Patients Treated With Anti-CTLA-4 or Anti-CTLA-4 + Anti-PD-1 Therapy (2023)

Despite the wide use of immune checkpoint inhibition for the treatment of melanoma, the mechanisms leading to long-term stable disease are incompletely understood. Patients with metastatic melanoma who had received ipilimumab alone or ipilimumab plus nivolumab 2+years prior and attained at least 6 months of stable disease were identified. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) was performed. Pretreatment and posttreatment biopsies of areas of stable disease were assessed for tumor, fibrosis, and inflammation. Seven patients underwent PET/CT and tissue biopsy. Fluorodeoxyglucose avid lesions on PET/CT ranged from no activity to an SUV of 22. In 6 patients, the residual stable lesions were composed of necrosis and fibrosis with a prominent pigment containing macrophages and no residual melanoma. In 1 patient, a nodal lesion demonstrated melanoma with active inflammation. In most patients with durable stable disease after treatment with ipilimumab or ipilimumab/nivolumab, residual lesions demonstrated predominantly necrosis and fibrosis consistent with resolving lesions. The presence of melanophages in these samples may suggest ongoing immune surveillance. One patient did demonstrate residual melanoma, indicating the need for ongoing monitoring of this patient population.