gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
No/Low SAP and Alternative Engine Oil Development and Testing (2007)

Abstract The use of alternative base oils, like esters or polyglycols, with more intrinsic properties for the lubrication of automobile engines has a potential for ecological and technical advantages. Being in competition with hydrocarbon-based formulations, detailed knowledge of several thermophysical and viscometric properties as well as tribological properties over a large temperature range are required (mapping). The tested polymer-free polyglycols and ester-based formulations displayed no visible tribological weaknesses regarding wear resistance and EP-behavior as well as offering significant advantages in order to meet metal- and ash-free and bio-no-tox criteria. Especially the formulated polyglycols without friction modifiers also showed an intrinsic retention of low coefficients of friction and a hydrodynamic film forming behavior comparable to hydrocarbon-based factory-fill oils. The wear resistance and EP-behavior of low-additivated polyglycols, but also of esters, can be enhanced by means of triboactive materials. Lubricious oxides or triboactive materials and polar base oils, or a combination thereof, may substitute the EP and AW properties realized by the additives, thus enabling long drains and responding to “eco-tox” or “bio-no-tox” requirements as well as restrictions from the “chemical box.”
A Cloud-based Development Environment using HLA and Kubernetes for the Co-simulation of a Corporate Electric Vehicle Fleet (2019)

Decision makers in modern enterprises need to assess so-called "what-if" scenarios and select the best of breed among the available alternatives. Although simulation plays a pivotal role in niche cases, it is an undervalued tool in the broader enterprise context. Its proliferation has not kept up with recent technological advances such as big data, cloud computing, graphics processing units clusters, and cross-layer enterprise integration. Based on such new developments, new capabilities can be realized that go beyond single-purpose simulations, and are an excellent fit for studying heterogeneous, independently developed System-of-Systems (SoS), in a multitude of scenarios in complex and dynamic enterprise environments. Co-simulation efforts can provide new insights on the enterprise operations including compelling visualizations of possible simulated alternatives, thereby assisting decision makers in their strategy selection. To move beyond niche applications, however, simulated systems need to integrate in real-time, a continually increasing amount of data (both real and simulated), stemming from various domains and their systems. This work presents a way to achieve such distributed simulations in modern enterprise environments, based on HighLevel Architecture (HLA), as well as their coordination via the Run-Time Infrastructure (RTI). In an example scenario featuring a co-simulation of a corporate electric vehicle fleet, it is shown how various software subsystems interact to enable business users to visually investigate scenarios, as well as how such a system can be deployed and operated within a modern enterprise IT landscape.
Vaporizing Foil Actuator: A Versatile Tool for High Energy-rate Metal Working (2014)

High energy-rate metalworking has significant advantages, in that short time scales change the fundamental nature of the forming process and short duration impulses can be used with much lighter and more agile equipment because large static forces do not need to be resisted. Here, we propose the use of thin aluminum foils that are intentionally vaporized by a pulsed electric current, in order to create an intense mechanical impulse. The driving pressures can be a few GPa's, and have been used to launch sheet metal workpieces to velocities in excess of 1 km/s. Applications including impact welding, forming, embossing, shearing, and powder compaction have been demonstrated and will be presented in this paper.
Decision feedback equalisation of coded I-QQPSK in mobile radio environments (1999)

The bit error rate (BER) performance of equalised I-Q quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) is evaluated for wideband cellular systems. Decision feedback equalisation with the square-root Kalman updating algorithm is employed for I-Q coded systems. A gain of about 6 dB is achieved in favour of the I-Q scheme compared with the conventional Gray-mapped QPSK at a BER of 10–3.
Tim-3 expression in tumour-associated macrophages: a new player in HCC progression (2015)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common malignancy worldwide due to its emergence based on chronic liver disease. Thus, HCC can ultimately be caused by multiple factors, including chronic viral infection, alcohol abuse or obesity. Nevertheless, only a few therapeutic options are available, especially for patients in later stages of disease.1 Accordingly, prognosis of patients is often poor and HCC contributes disproportionately to cancer-related deaths worldwide. Thus, further research into HCC is required to inform the development of novel therapies as well as improvements to existing regimens. An important focus of current research into tumours in general, and HCC in particular, is the microenvironment in which development and progression of a tumour occurs. The tumour microenvironment comprises multiple cellular and non-cellular components and has been shown to be an important determinant of tumour progression, patient prognosis and thus also a determinant of therapeutic success in HCC and elsewhere.2 Indeed, some of the therapeutic effects of sorafenib, to date the only approved small-molecule inhibitor for treatment of advanced HCC, may be attributable to its effects on the tumour microenvironment.3 Among the different cell types found in the tumour microenvironment, macrophages, so-called tumour-associated macrophages (TAM), are among the most common. TAM typically differ from normal macrophages in their shift to an alternatively activated (M2) …
Substrate Modification with Lysine 63-linked Ubiquitin Chains through the UBC13-UEV1A Ubiquitin-conjugating Enzyme (2007)

Protein modification with lysine 63-linked ubiquitin chains has been implicated in the non-proteolytic regulation of signaling pathways. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying this process, we have developed an in vitro system to examine the activity of the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBC13-UEV1A with TRAF6 in which TRAF6 serves as both a ubiquitin ligase and substrate for modification. Although TRAF6 potently stimulates the activity of UBC13-UEV1A to synthesize ubiquitin chains, it is not appreciably ubiquitinated. We have determined that the presentation of Lys(63) of ubiquitin by UEV1A suppresses TRAF6 modification. Based on our observations, we propose that the modification of proteins with Lys(63)-linked ubiquitin chains occurs through a UEV1A-independent substrate modification and UEV1A-dependent Lys(63)-linked ubiquitin chain synthesis mechanism.
n-channel MOS transistors in mercury&#8212;cadmium&#8212;telluride (1980)

n-channel MOS transistors operating at 77 K have been realized in Hg <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.71</inf> Cd <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.29</inf> Te with ion-implanted source and drain junctions. Enhancement-mode transistors were made with evaporated ZnS as a gate insulator, and depletion-mode transistors were made using a native oxide of mercury-cadmium-telluride. The devices exhibit surface mobility as high as 1.5 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . V <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> . s <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> . Current-voltage characteristics and capacitance-voltage data are presented and analyzed.
Local Global Neural Networks (2004)

We propose the local-global neural networks model within the context of time series models. This formulation encompasses some already existing nonlinear models and also admits the mixture of experts approach. We emphasize the linear expert case and extensively discuss the theoretical aspects of the model: stationarity conditions, existence, consistency and asymptotic normality of the parameter estimates, and model identifiability. The proposed model consists of a mixture of stationary and nonstationary linear models and is able to describe “intermittent” dynamics; the system spends a large fraction of time in a bounded region, but sporadically develops an instability that grows exponentially for some time and then suddenly collapses. Intermittency is a commonly observed behavior in ecology and epidemiology, fluid dynamics, and other natural systems. A model-building strategy is also considered, and the parameters are estimated by concentrated maximum likelihood. The procedure is illustrated with two real time series.
Predicting and Explaining Automatic Testing Tool Effectiveness (2008)

Automatic white-box test generation is a challenging problem. Many existing tools rely on complex code analyses and heuristics. As a result, structural features of an input program may impact tool effectiveness in ways that tool users and designers may not expect or understand.&#13;\n&#13;\nWe develop a technique that uses structural program metrics to both predict and explain the test coverage achieved by three automatic test generation tools. We use coverage and structural metrics extracted from 11 software projects to train several decision-tree classifiers. These classifiers can predict high or low coverage with success rates of 82% to 94%. In addition, they show tool users and designers the program structures that impact tool effectiveness.
Suppl. Movie 2 from LIM Kinase Inhibitor Pyr1 Reduces the Growth and Metastatic Load of Breast Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;MDA-MB-231 Dendra2 tumors followed by intravital microscopy after 8 days of vehicle treatment&lt;/p&gt;
Addition polyimide end cap study (1980)

The characterization of addition polyimides with various end caps for adhesive applications at 120-250 C environments is discussed. Oligometric polyimides were prepared from 3,3',4,4'-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride and 3,3'-methylenedianiline which were end-capped with functionally reactive moities which cause crosslinking when the oligomers are heated to 200-400 C. The syntheses of the oligomers are outlined. The thermolysis of the oligomers was studied by differential scanning calorimetry and the resulting polymers were characterized by differential thermal analysis and adhesive performance. The adhesive data include lap shear strengths on titanium 6-4 adherends both before and after aging for 1000 hours at 121 C and/or 232 C.
On the Impossibility of Basing Identity Based Encryption on Trapdoor Permutations (2008)

We ask whether an Identity Based Encryption (IBE) system can be built from simpler public-key primitives. We show that there is no black-box construction of IBE from Trapdoor Permutations (TDP) or even from Chosen Ciphertext Secure Public Key Encryption (CCA-PKE). These black-box separation results are based on an essential property of IBE, namely that an IBE system is able to compress exponentially many public-keys into a short public parameters string.
FRAMES multiple access mode 2-wideband CDMA (2002)

An evaluation of several multiple access schemes against UMTS criteria has been carried out within the European FRAMES project. Based on this comprehensive evaluation, a harmonised multiple access platform termed FRAMES multiple access (FMA) has been designed consisting of two modes: a wideband TDMA mode with and without spreading (FMA 1), and a wideband CDMA mode (FMA 2). This paper describes the FMA 2 radio access system proposal. The FMA 1 proposal is described in Ovesjo (1997).
ChemInform Abstract: A New Steroidal Alkaloid from a Marine Sponge Corticium sp. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Roadblocks and critical aspect of cleaning for sub-65nm tecbnologies (2005)

This study reviews some of the critical aspects of cleaning for sub-65 nm technologies. These issues include: removal of small particles, removal of metallic contamination, high k surface preparation and rinsing and drying.
Melt processing, mechanical, and fatigue crack propagation properties of reactively compatibilized blends of polyamide 6 and acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene copolymer (2011)

Abstract Within a IUPAC study, melt processing, mechanical, and fatigue crack growth properties of blends of polyamide 6 (PA 6) and poly(acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene) (ABS) were investigated. We focused on the influence of reactive compatibilization on blend properties using a styrene–acrylonitrile–maleic anhydride random terpolymer (SANMA). Two series of PA 6/ABS blends with 30 wt % PA 6 and 70 wt % PA 6, respectively, were prepared with varying amounts of SANMA. Our experiments revealed that the morphology of the matrix (PA 6 or ABS) strongly affects the blend properties. The viscosity of PA 6/ABS blends monotonically increases with SANMA concentration because of the formation of high‐molecular weight graft copolymers. The extrudate swell of the blends was much larger than that of neat PA 6 and ABS and decreased with increasing SANMA concentrations at a constant extrusion pressure. This observation can be explained by the effect of the capillary number. The fracture resistance of these blends, including specific work to break and impact strength, is lower than that of PA 6 or ABS alone, but increases with SANMA concentration. This effect is most strongly pronounced for blends with 70 wt % PA 6. Fatigue crack growth experiments showed that the addition of 1–2 wt % SANMA enhances the resistance against crack propagation for ABS‐based blends. The correlation between blend composition, morphology and processing/end‐use properties of reactively compatibilized PA 6/ABS blends is discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Non-Newtonian Gravity and New Weak Forces: an Index of Measurements and Theory (1992)

The precise measurement of weak effects plays a pivotal role in metrology and in the determination of the fundamental constants. Hence, the possibility of new weak forces, and the related question of non-Newtonian behaviour of the gravitational force, have been of special interest to both measurement scientists and those involved in precise tests of physical laws. To date there is no compelling evidence for any deviations from the predictions of Newtonian gravity in the nonrelativistic weak-field regime. A significant literature on this question has developed over the past few years, and a host of experiments and theoretical scenarios have been discussed. Moreover, a very close relationship exists between the experimental methodologies used to determine the absolute value of the Newtonian gravitational constant G, and those employed in searches for new weak forces and for breakdowns in the inverse-square law of gravity. We have therefore prepared a new index of measurements of such effects, using the original bibliographic work of Gillies as a starting point, but also including citations to the appropriate theoretical papers in the field. The focus of the present version of the index is then studies of the "fifth force", measurements of gravitational effects on antimatter, searches for a spin-component in the gravitational force, and related phenomena.
Development of III-Sb Quantum Dot Systems for High Efficiency Intermediate Band Solar Cells (2015)

This project aimed to develop solar cells that can help reduce cost per watt. This work focused on developing solar cells that utilize quantum dot (QD) nanomaterials to provide multijunction solar cell efficiency at the cost of single junction solar cell. We focused on a novel concept known as intermediate band solar cells (IBSC) where an additional energy band is inserted in a single solar cell to accommodate sub-bandgap photons absorption which otherwise are lost through transmission. The additional energy band can be achieved by growing QDs within a solar cell p-n junction. Though numerous studies have been conducted to develop such QD systems, very small improvements in solar energy conversion efficiency have been reported. This is mainly due to non-optimal material parameters such as band gap, band offset etc. In this work, we identified and developed a novel QD material system that meets the requirements of IBSC more closely than the current state-of-the-art technology. To achieve these goals, we focused on three important areas of solar cell design: band structure calculations of new materials, efficient device design for high efficiency, and development of new semiconductor materials. In this project, we focused on III-Sb materials as they possess a wide range of energy bandgaps from 0.2 eV to 2eV. Despite the difficulty involved in realizing these materials, we were successfully developed these materials through a systematic approach. Materials studied in this work are AlAsSb (Aluminum Arsenide Antimonide), InAlAs (Indium Aluminum Arsenide) and InAs (Indium Arsenide). InAs was used to develop QD layers within AlAsSb and InAlAs p-n junctions. As the QDs have very small volume, up to 30 QD layers been inserted into the p-n junction to enhance light absorption. These QD multi-stack devices helped in understanding the challenges associated with the development of quantum dot solar cells. The results from this work show that the quantum dot solar cells indeed improve the efficiency via sub-bandgap photon absorption but much lower than the expected theoretical efficiencies. Yet, these devices serve as a proof of concept and the results provide vital information for future IBSC work. With further understanding of the operation of intermediate band solar cells and the identification of less expensive materials can substantially improve the solar cell efficiency and drastically cut the cell cost thereby reducing the dollar/watt cost.
Si/III-V hybrid external-cavity laser stabilization using real-time micro-ring monitoring and feedback control (2016)

Stable mode-hop-free operation for a Si/III-V hybrid external-cavity laser was demonstrated during 320mA bias current sweep using a real-time ring monitoring, a fast feedback control loop, and a simple bang-bang control algorithm, by both tunable micro-ring filter and cavity phase section.
The influence of water on protease‐catalyzed peptide synthesis in acetonitrile/water mixtures (1988)

Protease-catalyzed peptide synthesis in acetonitrile/water mixtures, containing 0-90% water, was investigated. alpha-Chymotrypsin, as well as thermolysin, were deposited on solid supports, prior to exposure to the reaction media. Peptide syntheses were performed using both a kinetically controlled process (chymotrypsin) and an equilibrium-controlled synthesis (thermolysin). The activity of chymotrypsin decreased at low water contents. However, at low water contents (1-10%) hydrolytic side reactions were suppressed and high yields of dipeptides were obtained. Optimal water content for the thermolysin-catalyzed reaction was 4-8%. The dipeptides produced were fully soluble in the reaction mixtures. High operational stability for alpha-chymotrypsin was obtained during 216 h of reaction.
Ex Vivo Experiments of a New Injection Cannula for Vertebroplasty (2005)

The new cannula may improve vertebroplasty by significantly easing cement injection. It is cost effective and can be easily integrated into the existing procedure.
1837: Efficacy and Length of Symptom Improvement after Botulinum Toxin Type a Injection In BPH Patients not Correlated with Change in Prostate Volume (2007)

You have accessJournal of UrologyModerated Poster 57, Wednesday, May 23, 2007 1:00 - 3:00 pm1 Apr 20071837: Efficacy and Length of Symptom Improvement after Botulinum Toxin Type a Injection In BPH Patients not Correlated with Change in Prostate Volume Yao-Chi Chuang, Po-Hui Chiang, Naoki Yoshimura, and Michael B. Chancellor Yao-Chi ChuangYao-Chi Chuang More articles by this author , Po-Hui ChiangPo-Hui Chiang More articles by this author , Naoki YoshimuraNaoki Yoshimura More articles by this author , and Michael B. ChancellorMichael B. Chancellor More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)32010-XAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "1837: Efficacy and Length of Symptom Improvement after Botulinum Toxin Type a Injection In BPH Patients not Correlated with Change in Prostate Volume." The Journal of Urology, 177(4S), p. 610 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byElhilali M, Pommerville P, Yocum R, Merchant R, Roehrborn C and Denmeade S (2012) Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Vehicle Controlled, Multicenter Phase IIb Clinical Trial of the Pore Forming Protein PRX302 for Targeted Treatment of Symptomatic Benign Prostatic HyperplasiaJournal of Urology, VOL. 189, NO. 4, (1421-1426), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2013. Volume 177Issue 4SApril 2007Page: 610 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Yao-Chi Chuang More articles by this author Po-Hui Chiang More articles by this author Naoki Yoshimura More articles by this author Michael B. Chancellor More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Conventional and microwave assisted hydrothermal syntheses of 11 Å tobermorite (2013)

The naturally occurring mineral 11 Å tobermorite is an important calcium silicate hydrate phase often used as a model structure for the poorly ordered calcium silicate hydrate phase (C-S-H) present in hydrated cement. In this work we present a hydrothermal synthesis of highly crystalline anomalous 11 Å tobermorite by conventional and microwave treatment. The microwave assisted synthesis provides a faster access to crystalline 11 Å tobermorite material in terms of reaction time, while the conventional method yields samples with a higher crystallinity. For conventional hydrothermal synthesis borosilicate glass was used as a Si precursor, which proves to be an excellent starting material for synthesis of highly crystalline 11 Å tobermorite. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first time the synthesis of unsubstituted 11 Å tobermorite by microwave synthesis is described. IR- and 29Si-NMR spectroscopy reveals Q3 Si–O tetrahedra sites only present in the double “dreierkette” structure typical for 11 Å tobermorite. The water content of the synthesized calcium silicate hydrates was examined by TGA which shows a weight loss (corrected for the loss of CO2 from carbonate) of 8.3–10.7% for tobermorite samples from conventional synthesis and 10.6–12.5% for those from microwave assisted synthesis. While samples from microwave assisted synthesis typically showed a water loss from hydroxyl groups from DTG data at ∼760 °C, this could not be observed for tobermorite from conventional synthesis. By XRD investigations at different temperatures it could further be shown that the samples consist of the anomalous form of 11 Å tobermorite. The morphology of the needle-like tobermorite crystals was examined by AFM and HRTEM. The layered structure of 11 Å tobermorite could be visualized via the HRTEM investigations and the basal spacing of ∼11 Å could be measured directly.