gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sketch-BERT: Learning Sketch Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers by Self-supervised Learning of Sketch Gestalt (2020)

Previous researches of sketches often considered sketches in pixel format and leveraged CNN based models in the sketch understanding. Fundamentally, a sketch is stored as a sequence of data points, a vector format representation, rather than the photo-realistic image of pixels. SketchRNN studied a generative neural representation for sketches of vector format by Long Short Term Memory networks (LSTM). Unfortunately, the representation learned by SketchRNN is primarily for the generation tasks, rather than the other tasks of recognition and retrieval of sketches. To this end and inspired by the recent BERT model, we present a model of learning Sketch Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformer (Sketch-BERT). We generalize BERT to sketch domain, with the novel proposed components and pre-training algorithms, including the newly designed sketch embedding networks, and the self-supervised learning of sketch gestalt. Particularly, towards the pre-training task, we present a novel Sketch Gestalt Model (SGM) to help train the Sketch-BERT. Experimentally, we show that the learned representation of Sketch-BERT can help and improve the performance of the downstream tasks of sketch recognition, sketch retrieval, and sketch gestalt.
Validation by serial standardized testing of a new rate-responsive pacemaker sensor based on variations in myocardial contractility (2001)

In this study, a single PEA sensor successfully restored chronotropic response in a population of paced patients with severe chronotropic incompetence. Peak endocardial acceleration can be monitored on a beat-to-beat basis, in parallel with heart rate, and the pacemaker can be accurately programmed with a single exercise test.
WAFER-SCALE, SOLID FREEFORM FABRICATION OF FULLY-ASSEMBLED METAL MICRO-MECHANISMS FOR MINIMALLY-INVASIVE MEDICAL DEVICES. (2009)

The EFAB process was first presented at the SFF Symposium in 1998, at a very early stage of its development. Currently, the technology is able to produce complex 3-D devices-including mechanisms built pre-assembled-in production volumes, using a three-step process of selective electrodeposition of one metal, blanket electrodeposition of another metal, and planarization. Layer thickness is as small as 4 μm, minimum feature size is down to 10 μm, and linear tolerances are ~2 μm. Metals are biocompatible materials with mechanical properties similar to stainless steel. The technology enables new instruments for minimally-invasive surgical and interventional procedures.
Designer Variable Repeat Length Polypeptides as Scaffolds for Surface Immobilization of Quantum Dots (2006)

We demonstrate the use of a series of engineered, variable-length de novo polypeptides to discretely immobilize luminescent semiconductor nanocrystals or quantum dots (QDs) onto functional surfaces. The polypeptides express N-terminal dicysteine and C-terminal hexahistidine residues that flank a variable number (1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, 28, or 35) of core beta-strand repeats, with tyrosine, glutamic acid, histidine, and lysine residues located at the turns. Polypeptides have molecular weights ranging from 4 to 83 kDa and retain a rigid structure based on the antiparallel beta-sheet motif. We first use a series of dye-labeled polypeptides to test and characterize their self-assembly onto hydrophilic CdSe-ZnS QDs using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Results indicate that peptides maintain their beta-sheet conformation after self-assembly onto the QD surfaces, regardless of their length. We then immobilize biotinylated derivatives of these polypeptides on a NeutrAvidin-functionalized substrate and use them to capture QDs via specific interactions between the peptides' polyhistidine residues and the nanocrystal surface. We found that each of the polypeptides was able to efficiently capture QDs, with a clear correlation between the density of the surface-tethered peptide and the capacity for nanocrystal capture. The versatility of this capture strategy is highlighted by the creation of a variety of one- and two-dimensional polypeptide-QD structures as well as a self-assembled surface-immobilized FRET-based nutrient sensor.
Regional mapping of the Batten disease locus (CLN3) to human chromosome 16p12. (1991)

The gene for Batten disease (CLN3) has been mapped to human chromosome 16 by demonstration of linkage to the haptoglobin locus, and its localization has been further refined using a panel of DNA markers. The aim of this work was to refine the genetic and physical mapping of this disease locus. Genetic linkage analysis was carried out in a larger group of families by using markers for five linked loci. Multipoint analysis indicated a most likely location for CLN3 in the interval between D16S67 and D16S148 (Z = 12.5). Physical mapping of linked markers was carried out using somatic cell hybrid analysis and in situ hybridization. A mouse/human hybrid cell panel containing various segments of chromosome 16 has been constructed. The relative order and physical location of breakpoints in the proximal portion of 16p were determined. Physical mapping in this panel of the markers for the loci flanking CLN3 positioned them to the bands 16p12.1----16p12.3. Fluorescent in situ hybridization of metaphase chromosomes by using these markers positioned them to the region 16p11.2-16p12.1. These results localize CLN3 to an interval of about 2 cM in the region 16p12.
Outtweeting the twitterers - predicting information cascades in microblogs (2010)

Microblogging sites are a unique and dynamic Web 2.0 communica-tion medium. Understanding the information flow in these systems can not only provide better insights into the underlying sociology, but is also crucial for applications such as content ranking, recommendation and filtering, spam detection and viral marketing. In this paper, we characterize the propagation of URLs in the social network of Twitter, a popular microblogging site. We track 15 million URLs exchanged among 2.7 million users over a 300 hour period. Data analysis uncov-ers several statistical regularities in the user activity, the social graph, the structure of the URL cascades and the communication dynamics. Based on these results we propose a propagation model that predicts which users are likely to mention which URLs. The model correctly accounts for more than half of the URL mentions in our data set, while maintaining a false positive rate lower than 15%. 1
Controlling the urban fabric. The complex game of distance and proximity in European upper-middle classes’ residential strategies (2010)

Without challenging the validity of the analysis of processes of urban secession, or the importance of gentrification processes in contemporary European cities, this article argues that inter-group social dynamics in the urban space are generally more complex than extreme mutual avoidance, or the colonisation of neighbourhoods by the wealthiest groups. By analysing the residential strategies of urban upper-middle class managers in some European metropolitan areas through in-depth semi-structured interviews we argue that these groups develop complex strategies of proximity and distance in relation to other social groups. The development of these “partial exit” strategies takes place through specific combinations of practices which allow these groups to select the dimensions they are willing to share with other social groups, as well as those for which they prefer a more segregated social environment for themselves and their families. The responses of our interviewees are consistently more nuanced and complex than any simplistic theory about their drive to secede from society, forcing us to develop more sophisticated conceptual frameworks to account for the growing prevalence of multilayered identities and spheres of reference and solidarity; specific combinations of elective segregation and local involvement; and more active patterns of mobility combined with local embeddedness.
Langmuir–Blodgett and Layer‐By‐Layer Structures (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: LbL films Langmuir–Blodgett Films References
Acoustic communications for deep-ocean observatories: Results of initial testing at the MBARI MARS node (2010)

A prototype system for connecting remote instruments to a cabled observatory is described. The system consists of base-station modems and a data acquisition system attached to the MBARI MARS observatory in 900 m water off Monterey, California, plus remote modems used for link testing. The objective of the system is to provide a drop-in capability to connect sensors on the sea-floor or on sub-sea moorings to a cabled node that would otherwise require an ROV to make a hard-wired connection. While ROV installations of sensor-to-node cables are practical for many instruments, the acoustic connection is a way of lowering the barrier to general access of cabled nodes. The system designed for demonstration purposes is a combination of commercial components and custom hardware and software. While the system is a prototype, considerable effort was expended to make the sub-sea portion as simple and reliable as possible so as to minimize the potential for failure and the reduce the associated costs of recovering and re-deploying the system. While the system uses real-time modems (the WHOI Micro-Modem) in the sub-sea portion, a data acquisition system and streaming feed of the acoustic array allows the use of one or more software modems in the future, which can be vendor independent or conform to an established standard. The system was deployed in February 2010 and has been undergoing testing since. This paper reports on initial results obtained to-date. Several types of tests have been performed to establish performance over both short (24 hours) and medium (two week) time scales. At 2 km burst data rates of 5000 bps have been achieved with near-perfect reliability using a carrier frequency of 25 kHz and 5 kHz of bandwidth. Temporal variability is low, and the largest impacts on performance are the delayed surface bounce from the surface and acoustic interference observed during occasional ROV operations in the area.
JENOPTIK diode lasers and bars optimized for high-power applications in the NIR range (2010)

Laser diodes and laser bars for the high-volume wavelength ranges at 808 nm and 940 nm are available in optimized design and high quality. However, a lot of other wavelengths in the NIR are needed for specialized applications also requiring high stability, reliability and a good efficiency with a good beam quality. An efficient adaptation of the laser diode design to optimize the laser performance at the customized wavelength is highly desirable. At JENOPTIK Diode Lab (JDL) we therefore focus on a flexible and competitive laser diode design resulting in a high output power and a high efficiency at reasonable production costs. Starting from excellent laser bars at 808 nm and 940 nm laser bars with emission wavelengths around 790 nm, 830 nm, 880nm (cw) and 940 nm (pulsed operation) are developed. For 792 nm a maximum output power of 90 W and an efficiency of 55 % has been achieved with an expected lifetime of more than 15000 hours. At 825 nm a maximum efficiency of 60 % and 60 W output power for more than 20.000 h with a high degree of polarization can be presented. Changing the quantum well material for 885 nm the output power reaches 125W with 63% efficiency also for more than 25.000 hours. Laser bars for pulsed applications (quasi-cw) at 940 nm result in an output power of 500 W with an efficiency of 60 %.
A search engine for finding highly relevant applications (2010)

A fundamental problem of finding applications that are highly relevant to development tasks is the mismatch between the high-level intent reflected in the descriptions of these tasks and low-level implementation details of applications. To reduce this mismatch we created an approach called Exemplar (EXEcutable exaMPLes ARchive) for finding highly relevant software projects from large archives of applications. After a programmer enters a natural-language query that contains high-level concepts (e.g., MIME, data sets), Exemplar uses information retrieval and program analysis techniques to retrieve applications that implement these concepts. Our case study with 39 professional Java programmers shows that Exemplar is more effective than Sourceforge in helping programmers to quickly find highly relevant applications.
Effects of ultraviolet and vacuum ultraviolet synchrotron radiation on organic underlayers to modulate line-edge roughness of fine-pitch poly-silicon patterns (2017)

Deformation of the pattern or the increase in line roughness during plasma etching becomes more significant with the shrink of complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor patterns. For aggressively scaled patternings, an organic underlayer (UL) is often used under the photoresist and a thin layer of a Si-containing hardmask. In this work, the effect of ultraviolet/vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photons on UL parameters such as wavelength, photon dose, and process order was investigated using synchrotron radiation. First, the index of refraction and extinction coefficients of mask materials such as e-beam resist [hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ)] and organic UL (NFC-1400; NFC) were measured by utilizing the Kramers–Kronig relations and/or ellipsometry measurements depending on the wavelength involved. Second, VUV photons at specific wavelengths, corresponding to absorption maxima of HSQ and NFC at 54 nm (HSQ), 62 nm (HSQ and NFC), 88 nm (HSQ), 112 nm (NFC), 138 nm (HSQ), 155 nm (NFC), 194 nm (NFC), and 238 nm (NFC), were exposed before or/and after etching of NFC. The authors continued to etch into poly-Si, and the resulting line-edge roughness (LER) was measured. The improvement of the LER was seen at the wavelengths corresponding to the absorption maxima of NFC, and the degree of LER improvement was better at the higher photon dose up to 3 × 1017 photons/cm2. The LER reduced from 6.7 to 4.2 nm and to 3.6 nm when the VUV photons at wavelengths of 62 and 155 nm, respectively, were used for exposure. In contrast, pattern degradation was observed at the wavelengths corresponding to the absorption maxima of HSQ. These findings indicate that optimizing VUV radiation corresponding to the UL materials greatly influences the LER.
Integrated Thermal and Power Delivery Network Co-Simulation Framework for Single-Die and Multi-Die Assemblies (2017)

This paper presents a thermal and power delivery network (PDN) co-simulation framework for single-die and emerging multi-die configurations that incorporates the interactions between temperature, supply voltage, and power dissipation. The temperature dependencies of wire resistivity and leakage power are considered, and the supply voltage dependencies of power dissipation are modeled. Starting with a reference power dissipation, the framework is capable of evaluating the temperature distribution and PDN noise simultaneously and eventually updating the power dissipation based on the thermal and supply voltage distributions. The simulation results of an example two-tier 3-D stack show that prior models considering only part of the interactions between temperature, supply voltage, and power dissipation have a maximum error of 7.66%, 9.79%, and 4.64% in IR-drop, transient power supply noise, and temperature, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Investigations of a Nucleophilic Alaninol Synthon Derived from Serine. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Abstract 759: Discovery of MK-8033, a highly specific c-Met/Ron dual inhibitor for the treatment of cancer (2010)

Abstract MK-8033 is a highly specific c-Met/Ron dual inhibitor currently under investigation in Phase I clinical trials for the treatment of cancer. The discovery of MK-8033 is described including the first public disclosure of its structure. Additionally, an X-ray co-crystal structure of MK-8033 with the activated form of c-Met will be discussed to address why, contrary to established dogma, an inhibitor of an activated kinase conformation can lead to high specificity. The in vitro and in vivo properties of MK-8033 as well as aspects of the structure-activity relationships in this class will also be discussed. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 759.
Dynamics of event‐related causality in brain electrical activity (2007)

A new method (Event-Related Causality, ERC) is proposed for the investigation of functional interactions between brain regions during cognitive processing. ERC estimates the direction, intensity, spectral content, and temporal course of brain activity propagation within a cortical network. ERC is based upon the short-time directed transfer function (SDTF), which is measured in short EEG epochs during multiple trials of a cognitive task, as well as the direct directed transfer function (dDTF), which distinguishes direct interactions between brain regions from indirect interactions via brain regions. ERC uses new statistical methods for comparing estimates of causal interactions during prestimulus "baseline" epochs and during poststimulus "activated" epochs in order to estimate event-related increases and decreases in the functional interactions between cortical network components during cognitive tasks. The utility of the ERC approach is demonstrated through its application to human electrocorticographic recordings (ECoG) of a simple language task. ERC analyses of these ECoG recordings reveal frequency-dependent interactions, particularly in high gamma (>60 Hz) frequencies, between brain regions known to participate in the recorded language task, and the temporal evolution of these interactions is consistent with the putative processing stages of this task. The method may be a useful tool for investigating the dynamics of causal interactions between various brain regions during cognitive task performance.
Liquid Viscosity of Octane and Pentane + Octane Mixtures from 298.15 K to 373.15 K up to 25 MPa (1999)

This paper reports liquid viscosities for octane and pentane + octane over the entire composition range collected with a rolling-ball viscometer at temperatures from 298.15 K to 373.15 K and pressures up to 25 MPa. The experimental values agree with literature values within 5%. The current viscosities compare to existing correlations within 9%.
Citrate-Stabilized Gold Nanorods-Directed Osteogenic Differentiation of Multiple Cells (2021)

These findings revealed that citrate-stabilized AuNRs with great biocompatibility could regulate the osteogenic differentiation of multiple cell types through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which promote innovative AuNRs in the field of tissue engineering and other biomedical applications.
Novel reconstruction scheme for cardiac volume imaging with MSCT providing cone correction (2002)

We present a novel reconstruction scheme for cardiac spiral imaging named Adaptive Cardiac Multiple Plane Reconstruction (ACMPR) which takes into account the conical shape of projection data. In cardiac imaging with multi-slice CT continuous data acquisition in spiral mode combined with the parallel acquisition of the patient's ECG enable retrospective gating of data segments for image reconstruction. ACMPR identified projection data segments &lt;EQ(pi) using temporal information of the simultaneously recorded ECG. For each such data segment image stacks of double-oblique segment images are reconstructed and then reformatted to axial images separately. In case of multisector imaging using consecutive heart cycles for image formation the reformatted segment images have to be added to a complete CT image after the reformation step. Image results for multi-slice detector systems using an anthropomorphic computer model of the human heart will be shown. A detailed comparison to algorithms without cone- correction reveals that ACMPR does not lead to significant improvements for 16-slice detector systems but already for a 32-slice system ACMPR provides superior image quality, in particular coronaries and stents are images with less geometrical distortions.
Vertical organic transistors withstanding high voltage bias (2015)

Vertical organic transistors withstanding high voltage bias were realized with an insulating silicon monoxide layer obliquely deposited on both the surface of the base electrode and sidewalls of the vertically oriented cylindrical nanopores. No noticeable insulating layer can be observed on the emitter electrode at the bottom of the cylindrical nanopores. The leakage current between the electrodes was suppressed and an operating voltage as high as 15 V was obtained. An on/off current ratio of 103–104 and an output current density of 5–10 mA/cm2 were achieved.
Mechanical and Enzymatic Thrombolysis of Acute Pulmonary Embolus: Review of the Literature and Cases from Our Institution (2008)

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Patients with massive PE have a high mortality rate, with two of every three deaths occurring in the first hour. The mainstay of treatment for PE is anticoagulation. However, when the patient is in extremis, intravenous lysis of the clot is indicated. Recently, mechanical fragmentation with or without pharmacologic thrombolysis has been shown to have a role in therapy for patients with massive PE, as well as in those patients who have a contraindication to anticoagulation. We discuss our experience with mechanical fragmentation in the treatment of PE and review the literature.
Developing the Dance Jockey system for musical interaction with the Xsens MVN suit (2012)

In this paper we present the Dance Jockey System, a system developed for using a full body inertial motion capture suit (Xsens MVN) in music/dance performances. We present different strategies for extracting relevant postures and actions from the continuous data, and how these postures and actions can be used to control sonic and musical features. The system has been used in several public performances, and we believe it has great potential for further exploration. However, to overcome the current practical and technical challenges when working with the system, it is important to further refine tools and software in order to facilitate making of new performance pieces.
Using Broad Phonetic Group Experts for Improved Speech Recognition (2007)

In phoneme recognition experiments, it was found that approximately 75% of misclassified frames were assigned labels within the same broad phonetic group (BPG). While the phoneme can be described as the smallest distinguishable unit of speech, phonemes within BPGs contain very similar characteristics and can be easily confused. However, different BPGs, such as vowels and stops, possess very different spectral and temporal characteristics. In order to accommodate the full range of phonemes, acoustic models of speech recognition systems calculate input features from all frequencies over a large temporal context window. A new phoneme classifier is proposed consisting of a modular arrangement of experts, with one expert assigned to each BPG and focused on discriminating between phonemes within that BPG. Due to the different temporal and spectral structure of each BPG, novel feature sets are extracted using mutual information, to select a relevant time-frequency (TF) feature set for each expert. To construct a phone recognition system, the output of each expert is combined with a baseline classifier under the guidance of a separate BPG detector. Considering phoneme recognition experiments using the TIMIT continuous speech corpus, the proposed architecture afforded significant error rate reductions up to 5% relative