gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New Hydrogen‐Evolution Heteronanostructured Photocatalysts: Pt‐Nb3O7(OH) and Cu‐Nb3O7(OH) (2014)

Nanorods of triniobium hydroxide heptaoxide, Nb3 O7 (OH), were synthesized by means of a hydrothermal method. Subsequently, Pt and CuO nanoparticles were introduced on the surface of Nb3 O7 (OH) nanorods by a microwave-assisted solvothermal nucleation and growth technique. The resulting Pt- and CuO-decorated Nb3 O7 (OH) nanorods demonstrated uniform particle dispersion and were fully characterized by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and spectroscopic analysis. Furthermore, the solar-powered photocatalytic hydrogen production properties of these heteronanostructures were studied. The solar-driven H2 formation rate over Pt-Nb3 O7 (OH) was determined to be 710.4 ± 1.7 μmol g(-1) h(-1) with a quantum efficiency of ϕ=5.40% at λ=380 nm. Interestingly, the as-prepared CuO-Nb3 O7 (OH) heteronanostructure was found to be inactive under solar irradiation during an induction phase, whereupon it undergoes an in situ photoreduction process to form the photocatalytically active Cu-Nb3 O7 (OH). This restructuring process was monitored by an in situ measurement of the time-evolution of the optical absorption spectra. The solar-powered H2 production for the restructured compound was determined to be 290.3 ± 5.1 μmol g(-1) h(-1) .
Synthesis of High Concentration Cuprous Oxide Nanoparticles by Modified Polyol Process (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Electrical, Optical and Thermofluidic Chip I/O Interconnections (2007)

This paper describes microscale fluidic chip I/O interconnects to enable the delivery of a coolant from substrate-level fluidic channels to a CMOS chip with an integrated silicon microchannel heat sink. It is shown that the fluidic I/Os are flip-chip compatible and can be assembled simultaneously with C4 bumps. The cooling of &amp;gt;300 W/cm2 is demonstrated using the microfluidic chip I/Os. Their compatibility with optical I/Os and the mechanical compliance characterization of the optical I/Os are also described. Experimental research is reported in the fabrication, assembly, and testing of a chip with electrical and fluidic I/O interconnects.
Selectivity and Regeneratability Evaluation of Antigen Analogous-Modified Surface Film for Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxin Immunosensor Using Surface Plasmon Resonance Measurement (2011)

For the development of a sensitive and accurate immunosensor, the production of a highly specific surface to the corresponding antibody is essential. Moreover, a specific surface having good reusability is worthwhile for constructing a prompt auto-monitoring immunosensing system. In this study, antigen analogous-modified gold substrates having a specific adsorption property to an anti-dioxin antibody, were prepared by the immobilization of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy (TCP) derivatives on a gold surface using various methods. An anti-dioxin antibody, which has a good correlation immunoaffinity with the total toxic equivalent quantity (TEQ) of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, was employed as a specific antibody, and the specification of the surface was evaluated by a comparison of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) responses to a specific anti-dioxin antibody and non-specific anti-hemoglobin antibody. In order to obtain a firm and stable immobilization of TCP, a carboxyl group was introduced on gold by a self-assemble monolayer (SAM) technique, and TCP derivatives were attached to the SAM surface with covalent bonding directly and indirectly through the presence of a hexamethylene chain, bovine serum albumin (BSA), and ethylene glycol oligomer (EGO). A TCP derivative-immobilized substrate, prepared using BSA, showed poor reusability. A TCP derivative-immobilized substrate having EGO was highly specific to an anti-dioxin antibody, while that prepared by the direct immobilization of TCP and with introduction of a hexamethylene chain presented nonspecific adsorption. In addition, a TCP derivative-immobilized substrate having EGO showed a good reproducible response from the second repetition, and was reusable more than seven times.
Optimal sharing of Huffman tables for memory-constrainedvariable length coding of multiple sources (1995)

For memory-constrained variable length coding (VLC) of multiple sources, sharing of Huffman tables is necessary. Several sharing methods are presented, including a locally optimal method, which can be applied to many adaptive VLC systems with memory constraints.
Linear-nonlinear interaction’s effect on the power dependence of nonlinear distortion products (2009)

An unusual power dependence of the nonlinear distortion produced by a two-tone test has been observed in several different physical systems. We show that the interaction between the nonlinear and linear elements of a system can dramatically transform the overall nonlinear behavior of the system from that of the nonlinear component in isolation. In particular, we show that when interaction with the linear elements of an electric circuit is appropriately accounted for, rather simple models of nonlinearity display the unusual power dependence of nonlinear distortion products observed in a variety of physical systems.
A framework For brain atlases: Lessons from seizure dynamics (2022)

Brain maps, or atlases, are essential tools for studying brain function and organization. The abundance of available atlases used across the neuroscience literature, however, creates an implicit challenge that may alter the hypotheses and predictions we make about neurological function and pathophysiology. Here, we demonstrate how parcellation scale, shape, anatomical coverage, and other atlas features may impact our prediction of the brain's function from its underlying structure. We show how network topology, structure-function correlation (SFC), and the power to test specific hypotheses about epilepsy pathophysiology may change as a result of atlas choice and atlas features. Through the lens of our disease system, we propose a general framework and algorithm for atlas selection. This framework aims to maximize the descriptive, explanatory, and predictive validity of an atlas. Broadly, our framework strives to provide empirical guidance to neuroscience research utilizing the various atlases published over the last century.
Nucleation and Growth of the HfO2 Dielectric Layer for Graphene-Based Devices (2015)

We investigated nucleation and growth characteristics of atomic layer deposition (ALD) HfO2 on exfoliated and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) graphene by using two Hf precursors, tetrakis(dimethylamino)hafnium (TDMAH) and hafnium tetrachloride (HfCl4). Experimental results and theoretical calculations indicate that HfO2 nucleation is more favorable on CVD graphene than on exfoliated graphene due to the existence of defect sites. Also, the TDMAH precursor showed much more unfavorable nucleation and growth than HfCl4 due to different initial adsorption mechanisms, affecting lower leakage currents and breakdown electric field. ALD growth characteristics of HfO2 will be fundamentally and practically significant for realizing the fabrication of graphene-based electronic devices.
TGFβ1–Endo180‐dependent collagen deposition is dysregulated at the tumour–stromal interface in bone metastasis (2011)

Cellular niches in adult tissue can harbour dysregulated microenvironments that become the driving force behind disease progression. The major environmental change when metastatic cells arrive in the bone is the destruction of mineralized type I collagen matrix. Once metastatic niches establish in bone, the invading tumour cells initiate a vicious cycle of osteolytic lesion formation via the dysregulation of paracrine signals and uncoupling of normal bone resorption and production. Here we report that the collagen receptor Endo180 (CD280, MRC2, uPARAP) participates in collagen deposition by primary human osteoblasts during de novo osteoid formation. This newly recognized function of Endo180 was suppressed in osteoblasts following heterotypic direct cell-cell contact in co-culture with prostate tumour cells. Reciprocal Endo180 up-regulation in osteolytic prostate tumour cells (PC3 and DU145) followed their direct contact with osteoblasts and promoted de novo collagen internalization, which is a previously characterized function of the constitutively recycling Endo180 receptor. The osteoblastic suppression and tumour cell-associated enhancement of Endo180 expression were equally sustained in these direct co-cultures. These findings are the first to demonstrate that increased tumour cell participation in collagen degradation and decreased collagen formation by osteoblasts in the osteolytic microenvironment are linked to the divergent regulation of a collagen-binding receptor. Immunohistochemical analysis of core biopsies from bone metastasis revealed higher levels of Endo180 expression in tumour cell foci than cells in the surrounding stroma. Additional experiments in prostate cell-osteoblast co-cultures indicate that divergent regulation of Endo180 is the result of dysregulated TGFβ1 signalling. The findings of this study provide a rationale for targeting collagen remodelling by Endo180 in bone metastases and other collagen matrix pathologies.
Degradation of Organic/Organic Interfaces in Organic Light-Emitting Devices due to Polaron–Exciton Interactions (2013)

We study the stability of common hole transport material/electron transport material (HTM/ETM) interfaces present in typical organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) under various stress scenarios. We determined that these interfaces degrade rapidly, because of an interaction between HTM positive polarons and HTM singlet excitons. The phenomenon results in a deterioration in conduction across the interface, and contributes to the commonly observed increase in OLED driving voltage with electrical driving time. This interfacial degradation can be slowed if the exciton lifetime becomes shorter. The findings uncover a new degradation mechanism that is interfacial in nature, which affects organic/organic interfaces in OLEDs and contributes to their limited electroluminescence stability, and shed light on approaches for reducing it. Although this study has focused on OLEDs, we can expect the same degradation mechanism to affect organic/organic interfaces in other organic optoelectronic devices where both excitons and polarons are present in high concentrations, such as in organic solar cells or photodetectors.
THE PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF IODO, METHYL AND THIOMETHYL SUBSTITUTED ARYL AZIDES IN TOLUENE SOLUTION AND FROZEN POLYCRYSTALS (1991)

The photolysis of para-methyl and para-thiomethylphenylazide at 77 K produces the corresponding triplet nitrenes which can be detected by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Photolysis of these azides in frozen toluene at 77 K leads to insertion of the nitrene into a benzylic C-H bond of the matrix in modest yields. Photolysis of iodinated aryl azides under these conditions does not produce triplet nitrenes that can be detected by EPR spectroscopy. In contrast to the para-methyl and para-thiomethyl substituted phenyl nitrenes, photo-induced coupling of iodo-substituted phenyl nitrenes to toluene proceeds in very poor yield.
Complex-valued neural networks for fully-temporal micro-Doppler classification (2019)

Micro-Doppler analysis commonly makes use of the log-scaled, real-valued spectrogram, and recent work involving deep learning architectures for classification are no exception. Some works in neighboring fields of research directly exploit the raw temporal signal, but do not handle complex numbers, which are inherent to radar IQ signals. In this paper, we propose a complex-valued, fully temporal neural network which simultaneously exploits the raw signal and the spectrogram by introducing a Fourier-like layer suitable to deep architectures. We show improved results under certain conditions on synthetic radar data compared to a real-valued counterpart.
Establishment of four head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines: importance of reference DNA for accurate genomic characterisation (2022)

Abstract Objective There is significant interest in developing early passage cell lines with matched normal reference DNA to facilitate a precision medicine approach in assessing drug response. This study aimed to establish early passage cell lines, and perform whole exome sequencing and short tandem repeat profiling on matched normal reference DNA, primary tumour and corresponding cell lines. Methods A cell culture based, in vitro study was conducted of patients with primary human papillomavirus positive and human papillomavirus negative tumours. Results Four early passage cell lines were established. Two cell lines were human papillomavirus positive, confirmed by sequencing and p16 immunoblotting. Short tandem repeat profiling confirmed that all cell lines were established from their index tumours. Whole exome sequencing revealed that the matched normal reference DNA was critical for accurate mutational analysis: a high rate of false positive mutation calls were excluded (87.6 per cent). Conclusion Early passage cell lines were successfully established. Patient-matched reference DNA is important for accurate cell line mutational calls.
Dynamic Quantization Range Control for Analog-in-Memory Neural Networks Acceleration (2022)

Analog in Memory Computing (AiMC) based neural network acceleration is a promising solution to increase the energy efficiency of deep neural networks deployment. However, the quantization requirements of these analog systems are not compatible with state-of-the-art neural network quantization techniques. Indeed, while the quantization of the weights and activations is considered by modern deep neural network quantization techniques, AiMC accelerators also impose the quantization of each Matrix Vector Multiplication (MVM) result. In most demonstrated AiMC implementations, the quantization range of MVM results is considered a fixed parameter of the accelerator. This work demonstrates that dynamic control over this quantization range is possible but also desirable for analog neural networks acceleration. An AiMC compatible quantization flow coupled with a hardware aware quantization range driving technique is introduced to fully exploit these dynamic ranges. Using CIFAR-10 and ImageNet as benchmarks, the proposed solution results in networks that are both more accurate and more robust to the inherent vulnerability of analog circuits than fixed quantization range based approaches.
First Demonstration of Sub-Wavelength Imaging at Short Wavelengths (2017)

By combining tabletop 13.5nm high-harmonic EUV beams with novel ptychography reconstruction algorithms, we demonstrate diffraction-limit high-NA and sub-wavelength resolution imaging at EUV wavelengths for the first time, representing a record resolution for full-field light-based microscopy.
Development of energy saving operation technology for punctuality and ride comfort by optimizing the point of target pattern recreation (2023)

Abstract At present, there is a growing demand for energy saving to prevent global warming. Thus, the railway industry is also focusing on energy saving methods. Power consumption of running trains has a large variation of approximately 20% caused by drivers’ operation. Therefore, improving the running profile can considerably reduce energy consumption. Numerous algorithms for generating energy saving running profiles have been researched and developed. To adapt energy saving operation to various environments, we developed a technology that maintains punctuality without reducing the energy efficiency when temporary differences occur in driving conditions. We propose a method that determines the re‐creation command point to complete the re‐creation at the switching point of the driving operation in the existing energy‐saving target pattern, to achieve both punctuality and ride comfort. As a result of verifying the effect of the proposed method on the conventional method via a simulation, it was confirmed that the proposed method can prevent the increase in the number of operation changes when the driving conditions change, whereas the conventional method increases the number of operation changes.
The Effect of Radial Head Implant Length on Radiocapitellar Articular Properties and Load Transfer Within the Forearm (2013)

These findings illustrate the importance of precise restoration of radial length when performing a radial head replacement. If the native radial head length is difficult to accurately assess, avoid increasing the length of the radial head to prevent detrimental changes in the biomechanics of the forearm and the potential for clinically important radiocapitellar joint pathology.
Inverter Gain Compensation for Open Loop and Current Regulated Pwm Controllers (2005)

Pulse with modulated (PWM) inverters are examined in the pulse dropping region. Experimental results from commercially available ac drives show an inability to adequately compensate for low line conditions. The paper examines the adverse effects of bus disturbances on current regulated ac inverters. The paper shows that the problems are the result of the reduction in the gain of the PWM inverter. A compensated modulation technique is developed and is applied to the voltage and current regulated PWM inverters. Experimental results confirm the improved performance of the compensation technique.
Towards More Efficient, Greener Syntheses through Flow Chemistry (2017)

Technological advances have an important role in the design of greener synthetic processes. In this Personal Account, we describe a wide range of thermal, photochemical, catalytic, and biphasic chemical transformations examined by our group. Each of these demonstrate how the merits of a continuous flow synthesis platform can align with some of the goals put forth by the Twelve Principles of Green Chemistry. In particular, we illustrate the potential for improved reaction efficiency in terms of atom economy, product yield and reaction rates, the ability to design synthetic process with chemical and solvent waste reduction in mind as well as highlight the benefits of the real-time monitoring capabilities in flow for highly controlled synthetic output.
Operational verification of a 40-MHz annular array transducer (2006)

An experimental system to take advantage of the imaging capabilities of a 5-ring polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based annular array is presented. The array has a 6-mm total aperture and a 12-mm geometric focus. The experimental system is designed to pulse a single element of the array and then digitize the received data of all array channels simultaneously. All transmit/receive pairs are digitized and then the data are post-processed with a synthetic-focusing technique to achieve an enhanced depth of field (DOF). The performance of the array is experimentally tested with a wire phantom consisting of 25-microm diameter wires diagonally spaced at 1-mm by 1-mm intervals. The phantom permitted the efficacy of the synthetic-focusing algorithm to be tested and was also used for two-way beam characterization. Experimental results are compared to a spatial impulse response method beam simulation. After synthetic focusing, the two-way echo amplitude was enhanced over the range of 8 to 19 mm and the 6-dB DOF spanned from 9 to 15 mm. For a wire at a fixed axial depth, the relative time delays between transmit/receive ring pairs agreed with theoretical predictions to within +/- 2 ns. To further test the system, B-mode images of an excised bovine eye were rendered.
Clinical evaluation of [18F] JNJ-64326067, a novel candidate PET tracer for the detection of tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease (2020)

[<sup>18</sup>F] JNJ-64326067 could be useful for detection and quantitation of tau aggregates.
Effect of modified silicone elastomer particles on the toughening of epoxy resin (1998)

To investigate the effect of dimethoxymethylsilyl-terminated polypropylene oxide (DMSi-PPO) elastomer particles on the toughening of epoxy resin, the particles were prepared in liquid bisphenol A-type epoxy resin by means of the dynamic vulcanization method. With the addition of aminosilane (AMS), the fracture energy G1c values of adhesive joints and the T-peel bond strength were more than three times those of the unmodified system without a decrease in Tg. Observations of the modified epoxy resin before curing using a video microscope revealed that the diameter of DMSi-PPO particles decreased and the number of particles increased when the amount of AMS was increased. Scanning electron micrographs of the cured epoxy resin showed that the size of crosslinked DMSi-PPO particles remained the same as before curing. It is concluded that the addition of AMS leads to an increase in the compatibility of DMSi-PPO with epoxy resin matrix and thus the G1c value and the adhesion properties are increased due to the increase in surface area of DMSi-PPO particles. It is also shown that the adhesion property does not depend on the curing condition because the phase structure of the epoxy resin was fixed before the curing of the epoxy resin.
Principles and Foundations for Fractionated Networked Cyber-Physical Systems (2010)

Abstract : A new generation of mission-critical systems is emerging that employs distributed, dynamically reconfigurable open architectures. These systems may include a variety of devices that sense and affect their environment and the configuration of the system itself. We call such systems Networked Cyber- Physical Systems (NCPS). NCPS can provide complex, situation-aware, and often critical services in applications such as distributed sensing and surveillance, crisis response, self-assembling structures or systems, networked satellite and unmanned vehicle missions, or distributed critical infrastructure monitoring and control. NCPS are of special interest to the Navy in view of the increasing need for coordination of a wide spectrum of maritime sensing and information gathering technologies, ranging from smart mobile buoys to autonomous underwater vehicles and their integration into a global network with maritime, space, and ground domains. NCPS must be reactive and maintain an overall situation, location, and time awareness that emerges from the exchange of knowledge. They must achieve system goals through local, asynchronous actions, using (distributed) control loops through which the environment provides essential feedback. They must deal with uncertainty and partial knowledge, and be capable of a wide spectrum of operations between autonomy and cooperation to adapt to resource constraints and disruptions in communication. General principles and tools are needed for building robust, effective NCPS. A key observation is that the current level of abstraction at which software and systems are designed is a barrier to innovation at the hardware and networking level and at the same time is not suitable to enable rapid design/deployment or distributed control of large-scale distributed software systems and in particular the flexibility, dynamically reconfigurable, mission-critical NCPS of the future.