gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study of the GaInP quantum dots in the AlGaInP-based light emitting diodes (2010)

Recently, AlGaInP-based light emitting diodes (LEDs) have experienced an impressive evolution in both device performance and market volume. However, development of new applications is required in order to realize their full potential in areas such as use as a light source for auto focusing in digital cameras, special illumination for particular functions in agriculture, and in full color displays. To enlarge their utility in these applications, it is necessary to fabricate and understand a new structure capable of emitting longer wavelengths of around 700 nm. In particular, AlGaInP heterostructure LEDs are lattice-matched with respect to the GaAs substrate, which limits the emitting spectrum to around 650 nm at the longer peak wavelength side. To fabricate an LED structure capable of emitting at a 700 nm peak wavelength, the composition (x) of Ga <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> In <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1−x</inf> P material in the active layer requires a compressive strain of larger than 1 %. This large lattice mismatch, however, causes significant problems in terms of both growth and device properties due to the formation of defects. To overcome these problems, it is necessary to relieve the well strain via the formation of islands, referred to as a Stranski-Krastanow (S-K) growth mode, in order to prevent the generation of dislocations [1,2]. However, in AlGaInP-based LEDs emitting at a 700 nm peak wavelength, the effects of well strain on the epitaxial growth and the realization of device performance has yet to be extensively studied. In this study, we investigate the behaviors of morphological and optical characteristics on the composition of Ga <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.33</inf> In <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.67</inf> P material and demonstrate the performance of a device emitting at around 700 nm using quantum dot (QD)-based LEDs.
Summary of Recommendations (2002)

The European Society of Cardiology has convened a Task Force on Sudden Cardiac Death in order to provide a comprehensive, educational document on this important topic. The main document has been published in the European Heart Journal in August 2001. The Task Force has now summarized the most important clinical issues on sudden cardiac death and provided tables with recommendations for risk stratification and for prophylaxis of sudden cardiac death. The present recommendations are specifically intended to encourage the development and revision of national guidelines on prevention of sudden cardiac death. The common challenge for cardiologists, physicians of other medical specialties and health professionals throughout Europe is to realize the potential for sudden cardiac death prevention and to contribute to public health efforts to reduce its burden.
In vitro Cultivation of Third-Stage Larvae of Litomosoides carinii to the Fourth Stage (1982)

Peter D. Nelson, David J. Weiner, Bert E. Stromberg, David Abraham, In vitro Cultivation of Third-Stage Larvae of Litomosoides carinii to the Fourth Stage, The Journal of Parasitology, Vol. 68, No. 5 (Oct., 1982), pp. 971-973
Intravesical drug delivery for dysfunctional bladder (2013)

The bladder is a hollow organ that can be treated locally by transurethral catheter for intravesical drug instillation or cystoscopy for intravesical drug injection. With advancing technology, local organ-specific therapy and drug delivery is of expanding interest for treating dysfunctional bladder, including interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome, overactive bladder and sterile hemorrhagic cystitis after chemotherapy or pelvic radiation. Intravesical therapy has shown varying degrees of efficacy and safety in treating interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome, overactive bladder and hemorrhagic cystitis with new modalities being developed. Intravesical (regional) therapy has several advantages than oral (systemic) therapy, including high local concentration and less systemic toxicity. In recent years, intravesical delivery of biotechnological products including neurotoxins and immunosuppressive agents, and delivery platform including liposomes has shown promise for lower urinary tract symptoms. This review considers the current status of intravesical therapy in dysfunctional bladder including interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome, overactive bladder and hemorrhagic cystitis with special attention to lipid based novel drug-delivery.
Short Cationic Peptide Derived from Archaea with Dual Antibacterial Properties and Anti-Infective Potential (2019)

Bacterial biofilms and associated infections represent one of the biggest challenges in the clinic, and as an alternative to counter bacterial infections, antimicrobial peptides have attracted great attention in the past decade. Here, ten short cationic antimicrobial peptides were generated through a sliding-window strategy on the basis of the 19-amino acid residue peptide, derived from a <i>Pyrobaculum aerophilum</i> ribosomal protein. PaDBS1R6F10 exhibited anti-infective potential as it decreased the bacterial burden in murine <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> cutaneous infections by more than 1000-fold. Adverse cytotoxic and hemolytic effects were not detected against mammalian cells. The peptide demonstrated structural plasticity in terms of its secondary structure in the different environments tested. PaDBS1R6F10 represents a promising antimicrobial agent against bacteria infections, without harming human cells.
American Sign Language Translation Using Wearable Inertial and Electromyography Sensors for Tracking Hand Movements and Facial Expressions (2022)

A sign language translation system can break the communication barrier between hearing-impaired people and others. In this paper, a novel American sign language (ASL) translation method based on wearable sensors was proposed. We leveraged inertial sensors to capture signs and surface electromyography (EMG) sensors to detect facial expressions. We applied a convolutional neural network (CNN) to extract features from input signals. Then, long short-term memory (LSTM) and transformer models were exploited to achieve end-to-end translation from input signals to text sentences. We evaluated two models on 40 ASL sentences strictly following the rules of grammar. Word error rate (WER) and sentence error rate (SER) are utilized as the evaluation standard. The LSTM model can translate sentences in the testing dataset with a 7.74% WER and 9.17% SER. The transformer model performs much better by achieving a 4.22% WER and 4.72% SER. The encouraging results indicate that both models are suitable for sign language translation with high accuracy. With complete motion capture sensors and facial expression recognition methods, the sign language translation system has the potential to recognize more sentences.
Segmental relaxation in blends of polychloroprene and epoxidized polyisoprene (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSegmental relaxation in blends of polychloroprene and epoxidized polyisopreneC. M. Roland, P. G. Santangelo, Z. Baram, and J. RuntCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 19, 5382–5386Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00097a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00097a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views110Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Initial Trabeculectomy With Mitomycin-C for Secondary Glaucoma-associated With Uveitis in Behçet Disease Patients (2017)

At 5 years after surgery, the persistence rate of postoperative IOP control (≤21 mm Hg) was 76.1% and that of a filtering bleb was 54.4%. The frequency of uveitis recurrence did not significantly increase after surgery. Attention must be paid to avoid such recurrence to maintain the filtering bleb.
Effects of the Novel, Oral, Direct Factor Xa Inhibitor Rivaroxaban on Coagulation Assays (2008)

Abstract Rivaroxaban is an oral, direct Factor Xa (FXa) inhibitor that has been recommended for approval by the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after elective hip and knee replacement, and is in advanced clinical development for the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disorders. There is no need for routine laboratory monitoring with rivaroxaban. However, a hemostasis assay might be valuable to measure the pharmacodynamic (PD) effects of rivaroxaban in special situations. The aim of this study was to identify a widely available assay (clotting assay, or colorimetric or fluorometric assay) that could be used in clinical practice. Increasing concentrations of rivaroxaban were spiked into citrated pooled human platelet-poor plasma. The global clotting assays prothrombin time (PT), diluted PT (dPT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) were compared, as well as the specific clotting assays HepTest® (heparin test), prothrombinase-induced clotting time (PiCT®), and diluted Russell’s viper venom time (dRVVT). In addition, the anti-FXa activity-based colorimetric assays STA Rotachrom® and Stachrom® and thrombin generation test (TGT) were measured. A concentration-dependent prolongation of PT, dPT, and aPTT was observed with rivaroxaban, although the results varied depending on the reagents used. When testing PT over time using frozen plasma spiked with defined concentrations of rivaroxaban, PT values did not change during storage. Using a standard calibration curve, the results of the PT test can be expressed in rivaroxaban (ng/mL) rather than as PT ratio or international normalized ratio (INR). A concentration-dependent prolongation of the clotting time was also observed with dPT, a test that may be clinically more significant than conventional PT because it is closer to in vivo conditions (i.e. it uses lower tissue factor concentrations). Conventional methods for the HepTest and two-step PiCT (incubation times of 120 seconds and 180 seconds, respectively) resulted in a paradoxical response, with low concentrations of rivaroxaban reducing clotting times. This paradoxical response was not observed with shorter incubation times (0 or 30 seconds for one-step PiCT and 30 seconds for HepTest), or when antithrombin-immunodepleted plasma was used. Rivaroxaban also increased the dRVVT concentration dependently. Rivaroxaban influenced the various parameters of the TGT concentration dependently; peak effect was the most informative parameter. Rivaroxaban concentration-dependently inhibited FXa activity in both the Rotachrom and Stachrom assays– the results were expressed as anti-FXa international unit/mL. PT assays, which are widely used, appear to be valuable assays for monitoring the PD effects of rivaroxaban. One-step PiCT and HepTest with shortened incubation times or anti-FXa assays could also be useful to monitor rivaroxaban, if standardized methods were used.
Synthesis of direct-coupled-resonators bandpass photonic filters (2002)

We propose a simple technique for the exact synthesis of bandpass photonic filters realized with direct-coupled-resonators. The synthesis technique is derived by modifying a classical synthesis method used for microwave filters and it is suitable for the design of bandpass filters of any order with Butterworth, Chebyshev or other all-pole characteristics.
Ethanol-Promoted Fabrication of Tungsten Oxide Nanobelts with Defined Crystal Orientation (2009)

A controlled method for the production of tungsten oxide nanobelts through metal oxidation in presence of ethanol is proposed. At the optimal synthesis conditions, up to 20 μm long vertically aligned ribbon-like structures with a narrow rectangular cross section can be obtained in a tuned manner with preferential formation of WO2 in the presence of graphitic like carbon. Bulk and local-scale studies suggest that carbon diffusion to the surface of the material leads to the formation of mainly WO3 nanobelts from simple annealing treatments at 450 °C. This represents one alternative method to the common tungsten oxidation in air, opening the possibility to use C-containing compounds with negligible formation of carbide traces. An in-depth characterization of these materials has been performed, and the possible growth mechanisms are here discussed.
Predicting breast cancer treatment response using a hybrid deep learning network on multislice SyntheticMR images (2023)

We developed a hybrid deep learning network combining convolutional neural (CNN) and long short-term memory (LTSM) networks to predict slice-to-slice consistent responses to neoadjuvant systematic therapy (NAST) in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients using multislice quantitative SyntheticMR images. We demonstrated that neural networks originally developed for video feature classification can be adapted to predict treatment response of cancer patients using MR images. Our hybrid network was able to overcome the slice-to-slice inconsistency that would have resulted if a 2D network is applied directly, therefore providing higher prediction accuracy.
Figure S4 from Vaccination with Designed Neopeptides Induces Intratumoral, Cross-reactive CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cell Responses in Glioblastoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Increased T lymphocyte infiltration in the recurrent compared to the primary tumor. (A) CD3 immunohistochemical staining in the primary and recurrent tumor. (B) Three fields of view were selected and counted CD3+ T cells in both perivascular and peritumoral areas of the primary and recurrent tumors using ImageJ. Scale bars are indicated in the figures.&lt;/p&gt;
The Role of Arthroscopy in Revision of Failed Open Anterior Stabilization of the Shoulder (2009)

Level IV, therapeutic case series.
Deep Learning for Frame Error Probability Prediction in BICM-OFDM\n Systems (2017)

In the context of wireless communications, we propose a deep learning\napproach to learn the mapping from the instantaneous state of a frequency\nselective fading channel to the corresponding frame error probability (FEP) for\nan arbitrary set of transmission parameters. We propose an abstract model of a\nbit interleaved coded modulation (BICM) orthogonal frequency division\nmultiplexing (OFDM) link chain and show that the maximum likelihood (ML)\nestimator of the model parameters estimates the true FEP distribution. Further,\nwe exploit deep neural networks as a general purpose tool to implement our\nmodel and propose a training scheme for which, even while training with the\nbinary frame error events (i.e., ACKs / NACKs), the network outputs converge to\nthe FEP conditioned on the input channel state. We provide simulation results\nthat demonstrate gains in the FEP prediction accuracy with our approach as\ncompared to the traditional effective exponential SIR metric (EESM) approach\nfor a range of channel code rates, and show that these gains can be exploited\nto increase the link throughput.\n
Multiple Description Coding for Video Delivery (2004)

Multiple description coding (MDC) is an effective means to combat bursty packet losses in the Internet and wireless networks. MDC is especially promising for video applications where retransmission is unacceptable or infeasible. When combined with multiple path transport (MPT), MDC enables traffic dispersion and hence reduces network congestion. This work describes principles in designing MD video coders employing temporal prediction and presents several predictor structures that differ in their tradeoffs between mismatch-induced distortion and coding efficiency. The paper also discusses example video communication systems integrating MDC and MPT.
Athermal waveguides for optical communication wavelengths (2011)

We report on the design, fabrication, and characterization of temperature insensitive strip silicon-on-insulator racetrack resonators. The influence of various parameters, such as waveguide width, waveguide height, ring radius, coupling length, ring gap, and operating wavelength, on temperature-dependent wavelength shift is examined. A resonant wavelength shift of 0.2 pm/K at a 1550 nm wavelength is measured for 335 nm × 220 nm waveguides. A significant reduction of waveguide propagation losses, improved ring Q value, and higher extinction ratio are obtained after overlaying the silicon waveguides with a polymer cladding.
Case study of an interdisciplinary problem-based engineering design course (2008)

This paper describes an interdisciplinary problem-based engineering design course\ntaken by about 170 students in the second year of the Bachelor of Engineering degree\nprogram at Trinity College Dublin. The course runs throughout the academic year and\nconsists of three projects, namely: the design and construction of a model railcar to safely\ncarry freight in as short a time period as possible along a racecourse (mechanical); a\nbridge to support the rail track (civil) and a signaling system to control the movement of\nthe railcar (electronic). Working groups of mixed ability are given written project specifications,\ntimelines and submission deadlines. The projects, which have a plurality of solutions,\nserve as an engine for invention to assist the students in achieving a range of professional,\ntransferable and social competences under the guidance of a team of professors\nand demonstrators. The motivation among the students is high and considerable enthusiasm\nand interaction is generated among the students.
Response and recurrence correlates in individuals treated with neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy for resectable oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (2021)

Neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade may be efficacious in some individuals with high-risk, resectable oral cavity head and neck cancer. To explore correlates of response patterns to neoadjuvant nivolumab treatment and post-surgical recurrences, we analyzed longitudinal tumor and blood samples in a cohort of 12 individuals displaying 33% responsiveness. Pretreatment tumor-based detection of <i>FLT4</i> mutations and <i>PTEN</i> signature enrichment favors response, and high tumor mutational burden improves recurrence-free survival. In contrast, preexisting and/or acquired mutations (in <i>CDKN2A</i>, <i>YAP1</i>, or <i>JAK2</i>) correlate with innate resistance and/or tumor recurrence. Immunologically, tumor response after therapy entails T cell receptor repertoire diversification in peripheral blood and intratumoral expansion of preexisting T cell clones. A high ratio of regulatory T to T helper 17 cells in pretreatment blood predicts low T cell receptor repertoire diversity in pretreatment blood, a low cytolytic T cell signature in pretreatment tumors, and innate resistance. Our study provides a molecular framework to advance neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy for individuals with resectable head and neck cancer.
Genome-Wide Definition of Promoter and Enhancer Usage during Neural Induction of Human Embryonic Stem Cells (2015)

Genome-wide mapping of transcriptional regulatory elements is an essential tool for understanding the molecular events orchestrating self-renewal, commitment and differentiation of stem cells. We combined high-throughput identification of transcription start sites with genome-wide profiling of histones modifications to map active promoters and enhancers in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) induced to neuroepithelial-like stem cells (NESCs). Our analysis showed that most promoters are active in both cell types while approximately half of the enhancers are cell-specific and account for most of the epigenetic changes occurring during neural induction, and most likely for the modulation of the promoters to generate cell-specific gene expression programs. Interestingly, the majority of the promoters activated or up-regulated during neural induction have a "bivalent" histone modification signature in ESCs, suggesting that developmentally-regulated promoters are already poised for transcription in ESCs, which are apparently pre-committed to neuroectodermal differentiation. Overall, our study provides a collection of differentially used enhancers, promoters, transcription starts sites, protein-coding and non-coding RNAs in human ESCs and ESC-derived NESCs, and a broad, genome-wide description of promoter and enhancer usage and of gene expression programs characterizing the transition from a pluripotent to a neural-restricted cell fate.
25-Gb/s 6.5-pJ/bit 90-nm CMOS-Driven Multimode Optical Link (2012)

We report an 850-nm, vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL)-based optical link that achieves new benchmarks in speed and power efficiency. The laser diode driver and receiver ICs are fabricated in standard 90-nm bulk CMOS, and the gallium arsenide optoelectronic devices are commercial components. An operation at a bit-error rate less than 10-12 at 25 Gb/s is achieved, representing the highest speed reported to date for a CMOS-based full optical link. At 22 Gb/s, the link power efficiency is 3.8 pJ/bit and improves further at lower data rates, attaining a minimum of 2.6 pJ/bit at 15 Gb/s. The efficiency numbers reported here, which include a complete accounting of the power dissipation of all the components, are the best reported for any optical interconnect in any technology. This work demonstrates the scalability of VCSEL-based links in both efficiency and speed to meet the demanding requirements of next-generation exa-scale computing and large data center systems.
Sub-nm-Scale Depth Profiling of Nitrogen in NO- and N<sub>2</sub>-Annealed SiO<sub>2</sub>/4H-SiC(0001) Structures (2019)

We demonstrated an x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)-based technique to reveal the detailed nitrogen profile in nitrided SiO 2 /4H-SiC structures with sub-nanometer-scale-resolution. In this work, nitric oxide (NO)- and pure nitrogen (N 2 )-annealed SiO 2 /4H-SiC(0001) structures were characterized. The measured results of NO-annealed samples with various annealing duration indicate that preferential nitridation just at the SiO 2 /SiC interfaces (~0.3 nm) proceeds in the initial stage of NO annealing and a longer duration leads to the distribution of nitrogen in the bulk SiO 2 within few nanometers of the interface. The high-temperature N 2 annealing was found to induce not only SiO 2 /SiC interface nitridation similarly to NO annealing but also SiO 2 surface nitridation.