gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiobjective End-to-End Design Space Exploration of Parameterized DNN Accelerators (2022)

Deep neural network (DNN) hardware accelerators enable the execution of complex DNN inferences on resource-constrained IoT devices. Inference performance and energy figures depend on how the DNN layers are mapped into the accelerator and how the architecture of the accelerator fits the variety of layers’ shapes of the actual DNN. The mapping determines the execution order of the operations, both temporally and spatially. Thus, selecting the best mapping that allows fitting the DNN model to the specific accelerator is of paramount importance to meet the strong constraints imposed by resource-scarce IoT platforms. Although several mapping space exploration techniques have been proposed in the literature, they are focused on determining the best mapping for a given layer, for a given architecture, and for optimizing a single objective. This article largely extends the scope of the exploration by considering the huge design space spanned by mapping related and architectural parameters, considering all the layers of the DNN, and optimizing multiple objectives simultaneously. We present EPOCA, end-to-end Pareto optimization of DNN accelerators, whose goal is to determine the accelerator’s architecture and the mapping for each layer that optimizes end-to-end and in a multiobjective fashion a set of conflicting design criteria. We assess EPOCA on different DNN models on a parameterized hardware accelerator designed for IoT applications and compare them with a state-of-the-art mapping space explorer, considering the area, inference latency, and inference energy as optimization metrics. We show that the set of Pareto solutions found by EPOCA provides the designer with a range of choices from which to select the best tradeoff with respect to the specific application.
Astro2020 APC White Paper: The need for better tools to design future\n CMB experiments (2019)

This white paper addresses key challenges for the design of next-decade\nCosmic Microwave Background (CMB) experiments, and for assessing their\ncapability to extract cosmological information from CMB polarization. We focus\nhere on the challenges posed by foreground emission, CMB lensing, and\ninstrumental systematics to detect the signal that arises from gravitational\nwaves sourced by inflation and parameterized by $r$, at the level of $r \\sim\n10^{-3}$ or lower, as proposed for future observational efforts. We argue that\nmore accurate and robust analysis and simulation tools are required for these\nexperiments to realize their promise. We are optimistic that the capability to\nsimulate the joint impact of foregrounds, CMB lensing, and systematics can be\ndeveloped to the level necessary to support the design of a space mission at $r\n\\sim 10^{-4}$ in a few years. We make the case here for supporting such work.\nAlthough ground-based efforts present additional challenges (e.g., atmosphere,\nground pickup), which are not addressed here, they would also benefit from\nthese improved simulation capabilities.\n
Pathobiology of dynorphins in trauma and disease (2005)

Dynorphins, endogenous opioid neuropeptides derived from the prodynorphin gene, are involved in a variety of normative physiologic functions including antinociception and neuroendocrine signaling, and may be protective to neurons and oligodendroglia via their opioid receptor-mediated effects. However, under experimental or pathophysiological conditions in which dynorphin levels are substantially elevated, these peptides are excitotoxic largely through actions at glutamate receptors. Because the excitotoxic actions of dynorphins require supraphysiological concentrations or prolonged tissue exposure, there has likely been little evolutionary pressure to ameliorate the maladaptive, non-opioid receptor mediated consequences of dynorphins. Thus, dynorphins can have protective and/or proapoptotic actions in neurons and glia, and the net effect may depend upon the distribution of receptors in a particular region and the amount of dynorphin released. Increased prodynorphin gene expression is observed in several disease states and disruptions in dynorphin processing can accompany pathophysiological situations. Aberrant processing may contribute to the net negative effects of dysregulated dynorphin production by tilting the balance towards dynorphin derivatives that are toxic to neurons and/or oligodendroglia. Evidence outlined in this review suggests that a variety of CNS pathologies alter dynorphin biogenesis. Such alterations are likely maladaptive and contribute to secondary injury and the pathogenesis of disease.
Cytotoxic effects of gold(i) complexes against colon, cervical and osteo carcinoma cell lines: a mechanistic approach (2019)

Water-soluble gold(<sc>i</sc>) complexes, [Au(Ipr)(L)]PF<sub>6</sub>where L = thiourea (Tu)<bold>1</bold>and<italic>N</italic>,<italic>N</italic>′-dimethylthiourea (Me<sub>2</sub>Tu)<bold>2</bold>, were synthesized from the parent 1,3-bis(2,6-di-isopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidenechloridogold(<sc>i</sc>) [(Ipr)AuCl] (<bold>0</bold>).
Rhamnogalacturonan-I Based Microcapsules for Targeted Drug Release (2016)

Drug targeting to the colon via the oral administration route for local treatment of e.g. inflammatory bowel disease and colonic cancer has several advantages such as needle-free administration and low infection risk. A new source for delivery is plant-polysaccharide based delivery platforms such as Rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I). In the gastro-intestinal tract the RG-I is only degraded by the action of the colonic microflora. For assessment of potential drug delivery properties, RG-I based microcapsules (~1 μm in diameter) were prepared by an interfacial poly-addition reaction. The cross-linked capsules were loaded with a fluorescent dye (model drug). The capsules showed negligible and very little in vitro release when subjected to media simulating gastric and intestinal fluids, respectively. However, upon exposure to a cocktail of commercial RG-I cleaving enzymes, ~ 9 times higher release was observed, demonstrating that the capsules can be opened by enzymatic degradation. The combined results suggest a potential platform for targeted drug delivery in the terminal gastro-intestinal tract.
Simulation Study of Ionic Liquid Utilization for Desulfurization of Model Gasoline (2019)

With the increased amount of focus is being put towards reducing the emissions results from fossil fuel usually composed of hydrocarbons and impurities. The study aim at utilizing the ability of 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [OMIM][BF4]. Ionic liquid as the suitable solvent for the extraction of the thiophene and its derivatives from the model gasoline. The process simulation was performed on the ASPEN plus(V8.8) with the help of UNIFAC as the thermodynamic model, previously NRTL was used as the method to calculate the interaction. The different parametric analysis was calculated for the removal of thiophene-based compounds from model gasoline. Outcomes acquired shows the significance of imidazolium-based ionic liquid(ILs) 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate towards the separation about S-contents from the liquid fuels at an optimum process condition of 30ᵒC and 2 bar pressure with the 1:1 ratio of ionic liquid and model gasoline which confirms the experimental outcomes obtained previously in the literature. By using these mild conditions, easy phase separation, high reusability, and various other process parameters have been established based on the process simulation model using ASPEN plus.
Fine Acceleration Control Method Considering Torque Ripple for Hybrid-Type Stepping Motor (2013)

In many studies, alternating current (AC) servo motors are used for the conventional investigation of acceleration control methods using a disturbance observer. A surface permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM) is normally used with the servo motors. Both a low-velocity drive and a high-torque drive are necessary for smooth robotic motion control; however, the SPMSM is not always suitable for these driving conditions. A hybrid-type stepping motor (HBSTM) is more suitable for robotic motion control because, unlike an SPMSM, it has many pole pairs and is able to drive at a lower velocity without mechanical gears. Therefore, this paper proposes an acceleration control method for an HBSTM. However, the HBSTM has a high frequency periodic disturbance torque caused by the cogging torque, which is greater than that of the SPMSM. Moreover, the frequency of the torque ripple, which is caused by the offset and gain error of the current sensor, becomes higher than that of the SPMSM. In the proposed acceleration control system for an HBSTM, this torque ripple is not appropriately compensated for by the phase lag, which occurs in the low-pass filter (LPF) of the disturbance observer. Therefore, this paper proposes using a torque ripple compensator. A new fine acceleration control method considering the torque ripple for an HBSTM is realized by deploying the torque ripple compensator in the proposed acceleration control system for the HBSTM. This proposed system adequately suppresses the torque ripple and realizes smooth acceleration control.
Cyclostationary Autocorrelation Based Cfo Estimators (2011)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Barcelona, Spain, 2011
Stereoselective Synthesis of D‐ and L‐Carbocyclic Nucleosides by Enzymatically Catalyzed Kinetic Resolution (2012)

An efficient synthesis of (S)- or (R)-3-(benzyloxy-methyl)-cyclopent-3-enol was developed by appling an enzyme-catalyzed kinetic-resolution approach. This procedure allowed the syntheses of the enantiomeric building blocks (S)- and (R)-cyclopentenol with high optical purity (>98 % ee). In contrast to previous approaches, the key advantage of this procedure is that the resolution is done on the level of enantiomers that only contain one stereogenic center. Owing to this feature, it was possible to chemically convert the enantiomers into each other. By using this route, the starting materials for the syntheses of carbocyclic D- and L-nucleoside analogues were readily accessible. 3',4'-Unsaturated D- or L-carbocyclic nucleosides were obtained from the condensation of various nucleobases with (S)- or (R)-cyclopentenol. Functionalization of the double bond in 3'-deoxy-3',4'-didehydro-carba-D-thymidine led to a variety of new nucleoside analogues. By using the cycloSal approach, their corresponding phosphorylated metabolites were readily accessable. Moreover, a new synthetic route to carbocyclic 2'-deoxy-nucleosides was developed, thereby leading to D- and L-carba-dT. D-Carba-dT was tested for antiviral activity against multidrug-resistance HIV-1 strain E2-2 and compared to the known antiviral agent d4T, as well as L-carba-dT. Whilst L-carba-dT was found to be inactive, its D-analogue showed remarkably high activity against the resistant virus and significantly better than that of d4T. However, against the wild-type virus strain NL4/3, d4T was found to be more-active than D-carba-dT.
Principal component analysis of temporal and spatial information for human gait recognition (2005)

Principal component analysis was applied to human gait patterns to investigate the role and relative importance of temporal versus spatial features. Datasets consisted of various limb and body angles sampled over increasingly long time intervals. We find that spatial and temporal cues may be useful for different aspects of recognition. Temporal cues contain information that can distinguish the phase of the gait cycle; spatial cues are useful for distinguishing running from walking. PCA and related techniques may be useful for identifying features used by the visual system for recognizing biological motion.
Cost estimation for rapid manufacturing ’ simultaneous production of mixed components using laser sintering (2007)

Rapid manufacturing (RM) is a production method able to build components by adding material layer by layer, and it thus allows the elimination of tooling from the production chain. For this reason, RM enables a cost-efficient production of low-volume components favouring the customization strategy. Previous work has been developed on costing methodologies applicable to RM, but it was limited to the scenario of the production of copies of the same part. In reality, RM enables the production of different components simultaneously, and thus a smart mix of components in the same machine can achieve an enhanced cost reduction. This paper details this concept by proposing mathematical models for the assignment of the full production cost into each single product and by validating through a case study. This paper extends previous work on RM costing by adding the scenario of simultaneous production of different parts.
A translational approach to lung cancer research: From EGFRs to Wnt and cancer stem cells. (2009)

Lung cancer remains the main cause of all cancer deaths in the United States. The prognosis for non-small cell lung cancer, despite advances in current therapies, is disappointing. Fortunately, we are steadily gaining significant insights into the heterogeneous molecular pathogenesis of lung cancer, which seems to occur in a stepwise manner, mainly secondary to tobacco smoking. With the emerging power of gene expression signatures for individual lung tumors and with the advancing field of stem cell biology and the paradigm of cancer stem cells, we are most certainly paving the way to developing novel tools for the early detection, chemoprevention, and treatment of these vastly morbid pathologies with enormous global burden. We will explore some of these issues and highlight how we are starting to translate them into clinically relevant tools for lung cancer patients.
Benchtop Monitoring of Reaction Progress via Visual Recognition with a Handheld UV Lamp:  In Situ Monitoring of Boronic Acids in the Suzuki−Miyaura Reaction (2006)

[reaction: see text] Although boronic acids are widely used in metal-catalyzed reactions, it is difficult to assay their consumption. As such, we developed a reversible fluorescent sensor that is activated upon binding a boronic acid. The sensor can be used to monitor consumption of a boronic acid in Suzuki-Miyaura reactions. Importantly, only a standard handheld long-wave UV lamp (365 nm) is required and fluorescence is easily detectable with the naked eye without disturbing the reaction mixture.
Thermodynamics and kinetics of ice nucleation inside biological cells during freezing : as applied to mouse oocytes (1989)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Harvard University--Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Program in Medical Engineering and Medical Physics, 1989.
First-in-human technique translation of oxygen-enhanced MRI to an MR Linac system in patients with head and neck cancer (2023)

We demonstrate first-in-human translation of volumetric, dynamic OE-MRI onto an MR Linac system, yielding repeatable hypoxia biomarkers. Data were equivalent on the diagnostic MR and MR Linac systems. OE-MRI has potential to guide future clinical trials of biology guided adaptive radiotherapy.
High temperature Z-meter setup for characterizing thermoelectric material under large temperature gradient (2012)

To properly estimate a thermoelectric material's performance, one should be able to characterize a single thermoelectric (TE) element with a large temperature gradient. In this work, we present an experimental setup including a Z-meter that can heat the sample to a very high temperature of 1200 °C in vacuum. The Z-meter can simultaneously measure all three thermoelectric parameters (Seebeck coefficient, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity), as well as measure the generated power and the efficiency for a single TE leg. Furthermore, this measurement of power conversion efficiency is used to generate a measure of the material's ZT. An in situ metallurgical bond was used to achieve low thermal (0.05 Kcm(2)/W) and electrical (3 mΩ) contact parasitics. An integrated strain gauge ensures reproducible thermal contact. At high temperature (>600 K), radiative heat transfer is modeled and the instrument is optimized to suppress the systematic error to below 7%. The TE parameters and ZT for a bulk-sample (Bi(2)Te(3)) and a thin-film sample (ErAs:InGaAlAs) with a large temperature gradient (ΔT ∼ 200 K) have been measured and are within 3%-7% of the independently measured values.
Enhanced Absorption Induced by a Metallic Nanoshell (2003)

Nanoshells have been previously shown to have tunable absorption frequencies that are dependent on the ratio of their inner and outer radii. Inspired by this, we ask: can a nanoshell increase the absorption of a small core system embedded within it? A theoretical model is constructed to answer this question. A core, composed of a “jellium” ball of the density of gold is embedded within a jellium nanoshell of nanometric diameter. The shell plasmon frequency is tuned to the core absorption line. A calculation based the time-dependent density functional theory was performed showing a 10 fold increase in core excitation yield.
Progress towards automated non-radioactive multiplex genotyping (1994)

Polymerase chain reaction-based microsatellite markers have proven to be a significant improvement over traditional genomic Southern hybridization-based restriction fragment length polymorphisms. However, the genotyping and allele-scoring process for these markers is still very labor intensive and expensive. To overcome many of the current rate limiting steps and to improve on the genotyping process, we have developed a non-radioactive multiplex genotyping approach. The method involves multiplexing at three separate levels. First, five different markers are amplified in the same PCR tube for each individual`s DNA. The pooling is determined based on common PCR conditions. Second, PCR products from 10 sets (i.e. PCR products form 50 loci) are pooled and separated on denaturing polyacrylamide gels. The PCR products are then transferred onto nylon membranes for decoding by hybridization. Third, the decoding step is performed using five oligonucleotide probes at each hybridization. These five probes reveal five individual loci with distinguishable sizes. We have optimized many of the steps in the multiplex genotyping protocol to achieve maximum efficiency while retaining accurate genotyping results. Presently for hybridization and detection, the ECL detection kit from Amersham is used. We are also testing the efficiency of other non-radioactive detection systems. The protocols we have developed allowmore » rapid and efficient genotyping of large numbers of individuals for linkage analysis. These protocols are currently being put into production mode for the genotyping of several inherited diseases. This includes the implementation of robotics and processing of large numbers of filters simultaneously. In addition, a computer program for automated scoring of genotypes is being developed to significantly improve on the throughput of genotyping projects.« less
Study of Multicarrier Offset-QAM for Spectrally Efficient Coherent Optical Communications (2011)

Multicarrier Offset-QAM is proposed as a spectrally efficient scheme for high-speed coherent optical communication systems. Low penalties are found with symbol-rate spacing in a back-to-back experiment. The scheme can be implemented with low complexity.
KIR-mediated NK education mediates KIR-associated Crohn's disease susceptibility (2012)

Purpose/Objective: Natural Killer (NK) cells are innate effector lymphocytes&#13;\nin the host response to infections and tumors through a&#13;\nvariety of activating and inhibitory receptors. NK cells require education&#13;\nby self-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules&#13;\nthrough Killer cell Immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) to gain&#13;\nproficient responses. Yet, it remains unknown whether and how KIR-mediated&#13;\nNK education contributes to chronic inflammation in humans.
Evidence for the Higgs-boson Yukawa coupling to tau leptons with the ATLAS detector (2015)

Results of a search for H decays are presented, based on the full set of proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC during 2011 and 2012. The data correspond to integrated luminosities of 4.5 fb -1 and 20.3 fb -1 at centre-of-mass energies of s = 7 TeV and s = 8 TeV respectively. All combinations of leptonic ( with = e, ) and hadronic ( hadrons ) tau decays are considered. An excess of events over the expected background from other Standard Model processes is found with an observed (expected) significance of 4.5 (3.4) standard deviations. This excess provides evidence for the direct coupling of the recently discovered Higgs boson to fermions. The measured signal strength, normalised to the Standard Model expectation, of = 1.43 +0.43 -0.37 is consistent with the predicted Yukawa coupling strength in the Standard Model.
Recommendation via matrix completion using Kolmogorov complexity (2017)

A usual way to model a recommendation system is as a matrix completion problem. There are several matrix completion methods, typically using optimization approaches or collaborative filtering. Most approaches assume that the matrix is either low rank, or that there are a small number of latent variables that encode the full problem. Here, we propose a novel matrix completion algorithm for recommendation systems, without any assumptions on the rank and that is model free, i.e., the entries are not assumed to be a function of some latent variables. Instead, we use a technique akin to information theory. Our method performs hybrid neighborhood-based collaborative filtering using Kolmogorov complexity. It decouples the matrix completion into a vector completion problem for each user. The recommendation for one user is thus independent of the recommendation for other users. This makes the algorithm scalable because the computations are highly parallelizable. Our results are competitive with state-of-the-art approaches on both synthetic and real-world dataset benchmarks.