gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
QS8: The Roles of the TrkA and p75NTR NGF Receptors in Corneal Wound Healing (2021)

Purpose: The cornea is the window through which we see the world and is one of the most densely innervated structures in the body. Besides providing protective sensory input, corneal nerves have been postulated to stimulate limbal stem cells (LSCs), hence governing corneal epithelial maintenance and recovery. Loss of corneal innervation, through injury, diabetes, tumors, infections, and even improper contact lens use, leads to neurotrophic keratopathy (NK), a degenerative corneal disease that is characterized by corneal epithelial breakdown, scarring, and permanent vision loss1. The only non-invasive treatment option for NK is the human recombinant nerve growth factor (rhNGF), but the short half-life of exogenous neurotrophins-based therapies make this therapeutic approach less effective2. Development of the small molecule ligands for neurotrophins receptors that have better pharmacokinetics and plasma stability showed promising results in the treatment of several neurodegenerative conditions in the recent years3. In this study, we were prompted to investigate the molecular mechanism of NK and the role of NGF receptors, TrkA and p75NTR, in corneal healing. We hypothesized that TrkA inhibition would delay corneal wound healing and p75NTR inhibition accelerates corneal healing. This knowledge will lay the basis for a new non-invasive approach for NK. Methods: For this experiment, we took advantage of commercially available Ntrk1 mutant mice, which allow for pharmacological inhibition of TrkA receptor with an inhibitor known as not mammalian kinase inhibitor (1-NM-PP1)4. Ntrk1 mice (n=20) were divided into three groups, which received saline injection as a control. In one experimental group animals were received TrkA inhibitor and the other group received both TrkA and p75 inhibitor for 5 days. On day six we removed the corneal epithelium with a 0.5 mm rotating brush. To measure epithelial healing, we performed digital imaging of fluorescein staining daily for four days after injury. We then harvested the corneas for immunofluorescent and biochemical analyses. Results: Our results show a significant delay in corneal epithelial healing following TrkA inhibition and acceleration in corneal healing after p75NTR inhibition. Conclusion: A selective TrkA agonist or p75NTR inhibitors could be a new therapeutic approach for NK.
Catalytic Enantioselective Entry to Triflones Featuring a Quaternary Stereocenter (2022)

A highly enantioselective one-pot synthesis of functionalized triflones, bearing a quaternary stereocenter, has been developed, exploiting the Michael reaction of α-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) aryl acetic acid esters with <i>N</i>-acryloyl-1<i>H</i>-pyrazole catalyzed by commercially available Takemoto's catalyst, followed by nucleophilic acyl substitution with alcohols. Preliminary investigations highlighted the attractive potential of the triflinate anion as the leaving group for stereocontrolled postfunctionalizations.
Optimization of Violet Emitting Quantum Wells with Insertion of AlGaN Layers and Temperature Ramp-up (2022)

High-power InGaN-based violet laser diodes (LDs) have received great attention for their applications such as long-haul illuminations and material processing. 1 In order to achieve robust high-power devices, maintaining a high-quality multiple quantum well (MQW) active region is needed but challenging, since the laser structure requires a higher temperature growth for p-type (Al)GaN cladding layer. Some degree of degradation has been observed for InGaN/GaN quantum wells (QWs) after such high temperature growth. A concept of using an AlGaN cap layer to improve the thermal stability of InGaN/GaN MQWs has been developed and utilized in red-blue wavelength regime. 2 – 4 Besides the thermal stability, the insertion of the AlGaN cap also increases the quantum barrier height, reduces electron leakage, prevents indium out-diffusion from the QW. In this work, we extend such studies to the violet-emission regime for potential high-power laser applications.
Thirty new loci for age at menarche identified by a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (2010)

Age at menarche is a marker of timing of puberty in females. It varies widely between individuals, is a heritable trait and is associated with risks for obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, breast cancer and all-cause mortality. Studies of rare human disorders of puberty and animal models point to a complex hypothalamic-pituitary-hormonal regulation, but the mechanisms that determine pubertal timing and underlie its links to disease risk remain unclear. Here, using genome-wide and custom-genotyping arrays in up to 182,416 women of European descent from 57 studies, we found robust evidence (P
Risk Factors for Reoperation in Patients Treated Surgically for Lumbar Stenosis (2015)

2.
In vitro und in vivo zytostatische Effekte von anti-PlGF via Inhibition der VEGFR-1 abhängigen MAPK und AKT Signalwege in Tumorzellen (2008)

Einleitung: Der angiogene Wachstumsfaktor Placental growth factor (PlGF), ein Homolog von VEGF, stimuliert über VEGF Rezeptor-1 die Proliferation von Endothelzellen und die Aktivität angiogener Makrophagen und trägt somit zur Tumorangiogenese bei. Wir demonstrierten jüngst das therapeutische Potential eines anti-PlGF Antikörpers (αPlGF), Tumorwachstum und Metastasierung effizient zu inhibieren.
Pseudo-CT image generation from mDixon MRI images using fully convolutional neural networks (2019)

Generating pseudo-CT images from MRI provides electron density maps for radiation therapy planning and saves additional CT scans. Fully convolutional neural networks were proposed for pseudo-CT generation. We investigated the influence of architectures and hyperparameters on the quality of the pseudo-CT images. We used fully convolutional neural networks to transform between registered MRI and CT volumes of the pelvic region: two UNet variants using transposed convolutions or bilinear upsampling, LinkNet using residual blocks and strided convolutions for downsampling, and we designed transnet to maintain tensor spatial dimensions equal to the image’s size. Different architectures revealed similar error metrics, although pseudo-CTs differ visually. Comparison of LinkNet and UNet showed that downsampling does not affect translation. Replacing transposed convolutions with bilinear upsampling improved the pseudo-CTs’ sharpness. Translation quality quickly saturates with the number of convolution layers; increasing the number of layers from 4 to 19 decreases the MAE from 44HU to 37HU. Varying the number of feature maps showed that good translation quality can be achieved with networks that are substantially narrower than those previously published. Generally, the pseudo-CT have MAE lower than 45HU, computed inside of the true CT’s body shape.
Hybrid Membranes for Proton Exchange Fuel Cell (2010)

Fuel cell technology has merged in recent years as a keystone for future energy supply. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is one of the most promising projects of this energy technology program; the PEMFC is made of a conducting polymer that usually operates at temperatures in the range 20-80°C. In order to reach high energy consumption application like transportation, the using temperatures need to be increased above 100°C. Sol-gel organic/inorganic hybrids have been evaluated as materials for membranes to full file the high temperature using requirement. These new materials for membrane need to retain water content and therefore proton conductivity property with using temperature and time. The membranes also need to be chemical-resistant to strong acidic conditions and to keep their mechanical properties regarding stacking requirements. In order to! answer all these specifications, the proposed hybrid membranes are based on nanoporous inorganic phase embedded in an organic polymer in which chemical grafting and conductivity network microstructure are optimized to preserve both water-uptake and proton conductivity at higher temperatures. Such very promising results on these new hybrids are presented and discussed regarding electrochemical properties/microstructure
Bare hand natural interaction with augmented objects (2013)

In this work in progress we address the problem of interacting with augmented objects. A bare hand tracking technique is developed, which allied to gesture recognition heuristics, enables interaction with augmented objects in an intuitive way. The tracking algorithm uses a flock of features approach that tracks both hands in real time. The interaction occurs by the execution of grasp and release gestures. Physics simulation and photorealistic rendering are added to the pipeline. This way, the tool provides more coherent feedback in order to make the virtual objects look and respond more likely real ones. The pipeline was tested through specific tasks, designed to analyze its performance regarding the easiness of use, precision and response time.
Collision-Free Trajectory Planning for Two Manipulators. The Case of Specified Joint Paths. (1991)

In this paper a method for collision-free trajectory planning along specified paths of two manipulators in a common workspace is presented. One of two manipulators is designated to be the master and the other the slave by giving motion priority. The motion of the master is constrained by limitations of input torques/forces and that of the slave by limitations of input toques/forces and collision-free conditions. The dynamic equation of the manipulator is expressed by the path parameter 's' which does not depend on time. The quantity λ(s) which connects the time t and the path parameter 's' is introduced. Optimizations of λ(s)'s for minimizations of travelling times are carried out by the dynamic programming for the master and the slave. Finally, the proposed method is applied to two manipulators with two links. Numerical result of the example shows the effectiveness of the method.
Randomized European Multicenter Trial of Surfactant Replacement Therapy for Severe Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Single Versus Multiple Doses of Curosurf (1992)

There is now convincing evidence that the severity of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome can be reduced by surfactant replacement therapy; however, the optimal therapeutic regimen has not been defined. This randomized European multicenter trial was designed to determine whether the beneficial effects of a single large dose of Curosurf (200 mg/kg) in babies with severe respiratory distress syndrome (arterial to alveolar oxygen tension ratio approximately 0.10) could be enhanced by using multiple doses of surfactant. Preterm neonates (birth weight 700 to 2000 g) with severe respiratory distress syndrome requiring artificial ventilation with fraction of inspired oxygen greater than or equal to 0.6 were randomized into two groups at an age of 2 to 15 hours. Both groups received the usual dose of Curosurf (200 mg/kg) immediately after randomization. In neonates randomized to receive multiple-dose treatment, two additional doses of Curosurf (100 mg/kg each) were instilled into the airways (12 and 24 hours after the initial dose) provided that the patients still needed artificial ventilation with fraction of inspired oxygen greater than 0.21. In both groups (single dose: n = 176, multiple doses: n = 167) there was a rapid improvement in oxygenation as reflected by a threefold increase in arterial to alveolar oxygen tension ratio within 5 minutes after surfactant instillation (P less than .001), and peak inspiratory pressure and mean airway pressure could be reduced significantly during the first 6 hours after surfactant treatment. In addition, ventilatory requirement (peak inspiratory pressure, ventilatory efficiency index) was reduced in the multiple-dose group 2 to 4 days after randomization (P less than .05 to .01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
英国“新机会基金”培训的分析及对我国教师教育技术能力培训的启示（四） (2005)

英国教育标准部（Office of Standards Education）和教师培训署（Teacher Training Agency），以及苏格兰和北爱尔兰等地区的教育行政部门都对“新机会基金”培训进行了总结评估，部分高校和研究机构的研究人员也从理论层面对这个项目的成败进行了论证。由于教师培训署在“新机会基金”培训中承担着领导和决策的责任，因此，英国教育标准部的评估报告被认为是相对独立和公正的，而教师培训署的报告则更多地对这个项目的制定和实施中存在的问题进行了反思。
User Ratings of Ontologies: Who Will Rate the Raters? (2005)

The number of ontologies and knowledge bases covering different domains and available on the World-Wide Web is steadily growing. As more ontologies are available, it is becoming harder, and not easier, for users to find ontologies they need. How do they evaluate if a particular ontology is appropriate for their task? How do they choose among many ontologies for the same domain? We argue that allowing users on the Web to annotate and review ontologies is an important step in facilitating ontology evaluation and reuse for others. However, opening the system to everyone on the Web poses a problem of trust: Users must be able to identify reviews and annotations that are useful for them. We discuss the kinds of metadata that we can collect from users and authors of ontologies in the form of annotations and reviews, explore the use of an Open Rating System for evaluating ontologies and knowledge sources, and present a brief overview of a Web-based browser for Protégé ontologies that enables users to annotate information in ontologies. Ontologies On The Web Scale The number of ontologies and knowledge bases covering different domains and available on the World-Wide Web is steadily growing. Ontologies constitute the backbone of the Semantic Web and their number is steadily growing. The Swoogle crawler, 1 for example, indexes more than 4000 ontologies at the time of this writing. It is commonly agreed that one of the reasons ontologies became popular is because they hold a promise of facilitating interoperation between software resources by virtue of being shared agreed-upon descriptions of domains used by different agents. Such interoperation is, for example, a key requirement for the Semantic Web to succeed. Suppose we are developing a Semantic Web service that uses an ontology. If we choose to reuse an existing ontology to support our service rather than to create a new one, we get the interoperation with the others using the same ontology “for free. ” In addition,
Low-power implantable ultrasound imager for online monitoring of tumor growth (2011)

Clinicians all over the world agree that the most effective way to deal with a malignant tumor growth within internal organs is to detect it early. In most cases, early detection requires automated localized high resolution scanning of a region of interest--such as lungs, brain, small intestine, and gastro-intestinal tract. External or endoscopic ultrasound technologies are often not effective for imaging deep inside organs due to lack of adequate spatial resolution. In this paper, we propose using a miniature, low power implantable ultrasound imager for online monitoring of tumor growth in internal body parts. We explore the design space for such an implantable ultrasonic imaging system targeted to early detection or post-surgery monitoring of a malignant growth. The system can be placed locally in a susceptible region or for post-operative monitoring of relapse. The proposed system is capable of providing high-resolution image of a volume of interest at periodic intervals, using a relatively safe imaging technology, thus providing a chronic, reliable, and cost-effective monitoring option.
Time-dependent photoselection results for ruthenium(II) diimine complexes (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTime-dependent photoselection results for ruthenium(II) diimine complexesM. K. De Armond and M. L. MyrickCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1989, 28, 5, 981–982Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00304a039https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00304a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views32Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Molybdenum disulfide for ultra-low detection of free radicals: electrochemical response and molecular modeling (2017)

Two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) offers attractive properties due to its band gap modulation and has led to significant research-oriented applications (i.e. DNA and protein detection, cell imaging (fluorescent label) etc.). In biology, detection of free radicals (i.e. reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen (NO∗) species are very important for early discovery and treatment of diseases. Herein, for the first time, we demonstrate the ultra-low (pico-molar) detection of pharmaceutically relevant free radicals using MoS2 for electrochemical sensing. We present picoto nano- molar level sensitivity in smaller MoS2 with S-deficiency as revealed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Furthermore, the detection mechanism and size-dependent sensitivity have been investigated by density functional theory (DFT) showing the change in electronic density of states of Mo atoms at edges which lead to the preferred adsorption of H2O2 on Mo edges. The DFT analysis signifies the role of size and S-deficiency in the higher catalytic activity of smaller MoS2 particles and, thus, ultra-low detection.
Adsorption Behavior of Perfluorinated Sulfonic Acid Ionomer on Highly Graphitized Carbon Nanofibers and Their Thermal Stabilities (2014)

A systematic adsorption study of perfluorinated sulfonic acid Nafion ionomer on ribbon-type highly graphitized carbon nanofibers (CNFs) was carried out using fluorine-19 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. On the basis of the values obtained for the equilibrium constant (Keq , derived from Langmuir isotherm), the ionomer has varying affinities for CNFs (Keq between 5 and 22) as compared to Vulcan (Keq = 18), depending on surface treatments. However, the interactions are most likely governed by different adsorption mechanisms depending on hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of the adsorbent carbon. The ionomer is probably adsorbed via the polar sulfonic group on hydrophilic Vulcan, whereas it is adsorbed primarily via hydrophobic −CF2– backbone on the highly hydrophobic pristine CNFs. Ionomer adsorption behavior is gradually altered from apolar to polar group adsorption for the acid-modified CNFs of decreasing hydrophobicity. This is indicated by the initial decrease and then increase in the value of Keq with the increasing strength of the acid treatment. The corresponding carbon–ionomer composite also showed varying thermal stability depending on Nafion orientation. The specific maximum surface coverage (ΓSmax) of the CNFs is 1 order of magnitude higher than that of Vulcan. The large discrepancy is due to the fact that the ionomers are inaccessible to the internal surface area of Vulcan with high microporosity.
FTIR biochemical imaging of the prostate: an in vitro proof of concept study (2007)

Prostate cancer is now the most commonly diagnosed male cancer in Europe. Histopathology, the current gold standard for diagnosing prostate pathology is subjective and limited by intra and inter-observer variation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) enables objective tissue analysis on the basis of biochemical and structural tissue components. This study examined FTIR's ability to discriminate between benign, premalignant and malignant prostate pathologies. Biochemical fitting using non negative least squares was performed on the spectral datasets of individual prostate pathologies. This novel technique was applied to estimate the relative concentrations of the dominant components in prostate tissue from different prostate pathologies. Preliminary results of the biochemical fitting were promising and gave an early insight into possible biomarkers which could be used in the future to classify stages of the carcinogenesis process. The Principal Component Analysis fed Linear Discriminant Analysis enabled good separation of the pathologies with sensitivities and specificities comparable with the gold standard histopathology. Further work will develop the biochemical fitting technique and increase sample size.
Semantically-Assisted Integration Query Editing in the AquaLogic Data Services Platform (2008)

This demonstration shows how semantic schema matching technology is being incorporated into the BEA AquaLogic data services platform. Specifically, it demonstrates how the manually-intensive task of authoring a correct and complete integration query is enhanced by semantic guidance. It also highlights the pluggable architecture used to incorporate semantic match knowledge into ALDSP by showing the ALDSP query map editor interoperating with the Harmony semantic matching engine from MITRE Corporation.
Leucocyte subset-specific type 1 interferon signatures in SLE and other immune-mediated diseases (2016)

Given the broad upregulation of IFN-1 genes in neutrophils including in some HV, investigators reporting IFN-1 signatures on the basis of whole blood samples should be cautious about interpreting this as evidence of bona fide IFN-1-mediated pathology. Instead, specific upregulation of IFN-1-associated genes in T cells may be a useful biomarker and a further mechanism by which elevated IFN-1 contributes to autoimmunity in SLE.
Three‐dimensional GaN for semipolar light emitters (2010)

Abstract Selective‐area epitaxy is used to form three‐dimensional (3D) GaN structures providing semipolar crystal facets. On full 2‐in. sapphire wafers we demonstrate the realization of excellent semipolar material quality by introducing inverse GaN pyramids. When depositing InGaN quantum wells on such a surface, the specific geometry influences thickness and composition of the films and can be nicely modeled by gas phase diffusion processes. Various investigation methods are used to confirm the drastically reduced piezoelectric polarization on the semipolar planes. Complete electrically driven light‐emitting diode test structures emitting in the blue and blue/green spectral regions show reasonable output powers in the milliwatt regime. Finally, first results of the integration of the 3D structures into a conventional laser design are presented.