gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ornithoros tick salivary, an intrinsic component of vector competence in transmission of African swine fever virus to pigs. [O30] (2016)

African swine fever (ASF) is a lethal haemorrhagic swine disease with disastrous consequences for pig production. Ornithodoros ticks such as O. erraticus in Spain and Portugal, and O. moubata sensu lato in eastern and southern Africa are able to maintain and transmit the virus, and are competent vectors and reservoirs for ASFV (1). These ticks can maintain ASFV for years and transmit the virus through different routes such as transovarial and/or sexual transmission from tick to tick, as well as horizontal transmission to suids via contaminated saliva or coxal fluid. Vector competence in virus transmission can be related to extrinsic or intrinsic factors. Here we present the intrinsic effect of O. porcinus tick salivary gland extract on the African swine fever virus infection in domestic pig. During the early stage of pig infection with ASFV, mononuclear phagocytic cells are the main targets for viral replication (2). Tick saliva has been shown to modulate the host physiological and immunological responses during feeding on skin, thus affecting viral infection. To better understand the interaction between soft tick, ASFV and pig at the bite location and the possible influence of tick saliva on pig infection by ASFV, salivary gland extract (SGE) of Ornithodoros porcinus, co-inoculated or not with ASFV, was used for intradermal auricular inoculation. Our observations focused both on the pig systemic immune response and on pig skin inflammation and cellular modulation (especially LCs and macrophages) at the tick bite location. Unlike previous studies, the assessment of such immune modulations was conducted on the natural host, domestic pigs, and a highly adapted tick-virus association with O. porcinus ticks collected from Madagascar and a Madagascan ASF virus strain. Our results showed that, after the virus triggered the disease, pigs inoculated with virus and SGE presented greater hyperthermia than pigs inoculated with virus alone. The density of Langerhans cells was modulated at the tick bite or inoculation site, either through recruitment by ASFV or inhibition by SGE. Additionally, SGE and virus induced macrophage recruitment each. This effect was enhanced when they were co-inoculated. Finally, the co-inoculation of SGE and virus delayed the early local spread of virus to the first lymph node after the inoculation site. This study has shown that the effect of SGE was powerful enough to be quantified in pig, both on the systemic and local immune response (3). We believe this model should be developed with infected tick and could improve knowledge of both tick vector competence and tick saliva immunomodulation.
Sorption-Desorption of arsenic during leaching of ferrosilicate slags (2003)

Paper presented at the international conference of Thermodynamic Speciation Modelling, University of Salford, UK, 2003.
c-Axis-oriented sheet-like Cu/AEI zeolite contributes to continuous direct oxidation of methane to methanol (2023)

The cubic and sheet-like AEI zeolites were prepared in the absence and presence of CTAB. Sheet-like Cu/AEI zeolite exhibited more stable and higher methanol formation rate than the cubic-shaped one due to the shortened straight channel length.
Arousal effect of orexin A depends on activation of the histaminergic system (2001)

Orexin neurons are exclusively localized in the lateral hypothalamic area and project their fibers to the entire central nervous system, including the histaminergic tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN). Dysfunction of the orexin system results in the sleep disorder narcolepsy, but the role of orexin in physiological sleep-wake regulation and the mechanisms involved remain to be elucidated. Here we provide several lines of evidence that orexin A induces wakefulness by means of the TMN and histamine H(1) receptor (H1R). Perfusion of orexin A (5 and 25 pmol/min) for 1 hr into the TMN of rats through a microdialysis probe promptly increased wakefulness for 2 hr after starting the perfusion by 2.5- and 4-fold, respectively, concomitant with a reduction in rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM sleep. Microdialysis studies showed that application of orexin A to the TMN increased histamine release from both the medial preoptic area and the frontal cortex by approximately 2-fold over the baseline for 80 to 160 min in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, infusion of orexin A (1.5 pmol/min) for 6 hr into the lateral ventricle of mice produced a significant increase in wakefulness during the 8 hr after starting infusion to the same level as the wakefulness observed during the active period in wild-type mice, but not at all in H1R gene knockout mice. These findings strongly indicate that the arousal effect of orexin A depends on the activation of histaminergic neurotransmission mediated by H1R.
Patient-derived ovarian cancer organoids capture the genomic profiles of primary tumours applicable for drug sensitivity and resistance testing (2020)

The use of primary patient-derived organoids for drug sensitivity and resistance testing could play an important role in precision cancer medicine. We developed expandable ovarian cancer organoids in < 3 weeks; these organoids captured the characteristics of histological cancer subtypes and replicated the mutational landscape of the primary tumours. Seven pairs of organoids (3 high-grade serous, 1 clear cell, 3 endometrioid) and original tumours shared 59.5% (36.1-73.1%) of the variants identified. Copy number variations were also similar among organoids and primary tumours. The organoid that harboured the BRCA1 pathogenic variant (p.L63*) showed a higher sensitivity to PARP inhibitor, olaparib, as well as to platinum drugs compared to the other organoids, whereas an organoid derived from clear cell ovarian cancer was resistant to conventional drugs for ovarian cancer, namely platinum drugs, paclitaxel, and olaparib. The overall success rate of primary organoid culture, including those of various histological subtypes, was 80% (28/35). Our data show that patient-derived organoids are suitable physiological ex vivo cancer models that can be used to screen effective personalised ovarian cancer drugs.
Development and Implementation of a Bed Bug IPM Enrichment Curriculum, Part I (2016)

As concerns about bed bug sightings began to increase and schools began to report bed bug introductions, an expert group convened by the Environmental Protection Agency recommended development of curricula to teach young students about bed bug biology and management. The Bed Bugs and Book Bags curriculum is our response to this recommendation. This third- through fifth-grade curriculum was developed using a six-step process, and has been implemented by health educators, teachers, and the pest management industry within and outside of the United States. The curriculum consists of 10 lessons correlated with state health educational standards and is specifically designed to educate teachers and students about bed bugs. In pilot testing of various groups including teachers, students, custodial staff at rescue missions, and pest management professionals, teacher and student groups had the highest increase in knowledge gain after being introduced to the curriculum. The curriculum is available online at http://duval.ifas.uf.edu/Bed_Bugs.shtml. Based on self-reporting, it has a potential impact of reaching approximately 40,000 people across the United States, Canada, and Saudi Arabia. The Bed Bugs and Book Bags curriculum placed first as a learning module with the Florida Association for …
Asynchronous Distributed Algorithms for Static and Dynamic Directed Rooted Graphs (2018)

The paper provides a review of distributed graph algorithms research conducted by authors. We consider an asynchronous distributed system model represented by a strongly connected directed rooted graph with bounded edge capacity (in a sense that only a bounded number of messages can be sent through an edge in a given time interval). A graph can be static or dynamic, i.e. changing. For a static graph we propose a spanning (in- and out-) tree construction algorithm of time complexity O ( n / k + d ), requiring O ( n d log D + ) message size and the same size of memory of each computing agent located in graph vertex, where n is the number of vertices of the graph, k is the capacity of an edge, d is the maximum length of simple path in the graph, D + is the maximum outdegree of the vertices. The spanning trees constructed can be used in distributed computation of a function of the multiset of values assigned to graph vertices in a time not greater than 3 d . In a dynamic graph we suppose that k = 1 and an edge can appear, disappear, or change its end. We propose a dynamic graph monitoring algorithm than delivers information on any change to the root of the graph in O (n) or O ( d ) after the changes are stopped. We also propose graph exploration and marking algorithm with time complexity O ( n ). The marking provided by it is used in distributed computation of a function of the multiset of values assigned to dynamic graph vertices, which can be performed in time O ( n 2 ) with messages of size O ( log n ) or in time O ( n ) with messages of size O ( n log n ).
Flapping dynamics of a flexible plate with Navier slip (2019)

Seaweed and fish have slippery outer surfaces because of the secretion of a layer of mucus. Navier slip arises when the component of the tangential velocity at a wall is proportional to the strain. The hydrodynamics of a three-dimensional flexible plate with Navier slip was explored by using the immersed boundary method in an effort to scrutinize the effects on plate hydrodynamics of a slip boundary mimicking the mucus layers of seaweed and fish. For comparison, simulations with the no-slip condition were also performed. Two cases were chosen for simulation: a flexible plate with a fixed leading edge and a flexible plate with a heaving leading edge in a uniform flow. For the fixed plate, the velocity gradient and the total drag were determined to examine the influence of the slip surface. Drag was significantly reduced by the slip. The slip surface lessens the velocity gradient near the wall and suppresses the flapping motion. The drag reduction process was characterized by using the distributions of vorticity and pressure. The hydrodynamics of the heaving flexible plate with Navier slip was explored in terms of thrust generation. The flapping motion was mainly governed by the input heaving condition and a large form drag was exerted on the flexible plate. The net thrust, input power, and Froude efficiency were determined as a function of the bending rigidity. A large net thrust for the heaving plate was generated by the slip. The velocity ratio was employed to interpret the correlation between the slip velocity and the flapping motion.
The city as a cultural center (2005)

Spire est le dépôt institutionnel de la production scientifique de Sciences Po et contient le texte intégral des articles, ouvrages, chapitres d’ouvrages, working papers et communications dans des conférences de la communauté académique de Sciences Po.
Content-aware photo-on-photo composition for consumer photos (2011)

We propose an approach to automatically generate photo-on-photo compositions using only a consumer's own image collection, without imposing a strong theme constraint dictated by typical background art designs. Our goal is to ensure adequate foreground and background photo sizing, avoid occlusion of important background photo content, and respect simple aesthetic rules in photo arrangement. We propose a novel image content redundancy measure to extract the informative zone, which is a rectangular region of the background photo that should not be occluded by foreground content. Background photo layout and foreground layout regions are then calculated based on a placement algorithm that deals with possible aspect ratio mismatch of the canvas and background photo, as well as cases of insufficient foreground photo layout area.
Underwater 3D Measurements with Advanced Camera Modelling (2022)

Abstract A novel concept of camera modelling for underwater 3D measurements based on stereo camera utilisation is introduced. The geometrical description of the ray course subject to refraction in underwater cameras is presented under assumption of conditions, which are typically satisfied or can be achieved approximately. Possibilities of simplification are shown, which allow an approximation of the ray course by classical pinhole modelling. It is shown how the expected measurement errors can be estimated, as well as its influence on the expected 3D measurement result. Final processing of the 3D measurement data according to the requirements regarding accuracy is performed using several kinds of refinement. For example, calibration parameters can be refined, or systematic errors can be decreased by subsequent compensation by suitable error correction functions. Experimental data of simulations and real measurements obtained by two different underwater 3D scanners are presented and discussed. If inverse image magnification is larger than about one hundred, remaining errors caused by refraction effects can be usually neglected and the classical pinhole model can be used for stereo camera-based underwater 3D measurement systems.
IN VIVO ANALYSIS OF CHRONIC PHOSPHODIESTERASE-5 INHIBITION WITH SILDENAFIL IN PENILE ERECTILE TISSUES: NO TACHYPHYLAXIS EFFECT (2005)

Pharmacological PDE5 inhibitor therapy with sildenafil chronically does not result in treatment resistance. Rather, therapeutic efficacy is maintained and apparently more pronounced with erectile impairment than with normal erectile ability.
Real-Time Volumetric Ultrasound Research Platform with 1024 Parallel Transmit and Receive Channels (2021)

Volumetric ultrasound imaging is of great importance in many medical fields, especially in cardiology, but also in therapy monitoring applications. For development of new imaging technologies and scanning strategies, it is crucial to be able to use a hardware platform that is as free and flexible as possible and does not restrict the user in his research in any way. For this purpose, multi-channel ultrasound systems are particularly suitable, as they are able to control each individual element of a matrix array without the use of a multiplexer. We set out to develop a fully integrated, compact 1024-channel ultrasound system that provides full access to all transmission parameters and all digitized raw data of each transducer element. For this purpose, we synchronize four research scanners of our latest “DiPhAS” ultrasound research system generation, each with 256 parallel channels, all connected to a single PC on whose GPUs the entire signal processing is performed. All components of the system are housed in a compact, movable 19-inch rack. The system is designed as a general-purpose platform for research in volumetric imaging; however, the first-use case will be therapy monitoring by tracking radiation-sensitive ultrasound contrast agents.
Topology optimization of grating couplers for the efficient excitation of surface plasmons (2010)

We propose a methodology for a systematic design of grating couplers for efficient excitation of surface plasmons at metal&#x2013;dielectric interfaces. The methodology is based on a two-dimensional topology optimization formulation based on the H-polarized scalar Helmholtz equation and finite-element method simulations. The efficiency of the method is demonstrated by optimized designs for input and output grating couplers for an Ag-SiO2 interface. The results indicate that slanted grove gratings may raise the coupling efficiency above 68% where the highest previously reported value was 50%.
Finite-length quasi-synchronous LDPC decoders (2016)

Quasi-synchronous systems aim to reduce energy consumption by allowing timing violations in a synchronous circuit, while performance guarantees are provided by analyzing the system with a suitable deviation model. This paper studies the performance of quasi-synchronous LDPC decoders for regular codes of finite length. We present an approach to accurately predict the decoding performance and energy consumption of the decoder for a specific average channel quality and maximum number of iterations. These analytical results are then compared with gate-level circuit simulations of a quasi-synchronous decoder.
An Investigation into the Dynamic Behavior of 3.3kV MOSFETs Body Diode (2019)

This paper presents a dynamic investigation of the body diode behavior of MOSFETs rated for 3.3kV applications. The body diodes of MOSFETs with different cell designs and pitch sizes have been used. The turn-off behavior of the body diode is compared to that of a 3.3kV JBS diode.
Cardiovascular Effects of Lignans Isolated from Saururus chinensis (2008)

Saururus chinensis has been widely used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of beriberi, hypertension, pneumonia, edema, jaundice and gonorrhea. However, there is only limited information on the cardiovascular effects of S. chinensis extract or its single compounds. The present study was performed to investigate the effects of active lignans isolated from the extract of S. chinensis on vascular responses and heart functions. The vasorelaxant activity-guided fractionation of roots extract of S. chinensis led to the isolation of eight lignans as active principles. These lignans produced concentration-dependent relaxations of the endothelium-intact aortic preparations of rat aorta. Particularly, saucerneol ( 1), saucerneol D ( 2) and machilin D ( 8) exhibited distinctive vasorelaxant activity (EC (50) values: 2.2, 12.7 and 17.8 microM, respectively), which were significantly inhibited by removal of functional endothelium or pretreatment with N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester. Saucerneol ( 1) and saucerneol D ( 2) caused a significant decrease in left ventricular pressure, +dP/dt (max) and heart rate in isolated hearts. These results suggest that several lignans including saucerneol ( 1), saucerneol D ( 2) and machilin D ( 8), isolated from the ethanol extract of the roots of S. chinensis, have significant cardiovascular effects such as vasorelaxant and negative inotropic actions.
Impact of large memory on the performance of optimistic concurrency control schemes (2002)

Under optimistic concurrency control (OCC) schemes, the buffer hit ratio and hence the abort probability of a rerun transaction can be affected by its previous runs, since the data items brought in from the previous runs may still be in memory. It is noted that this buffering effect on rerun transactions has been ignored in previous performance studies. In the present work the authors examine its effect on different OCC schemes. It is shown that, with sufficient buffer, a new approach to buffer management can be adopted so that data items referenced by aborted transactions continue to be retained in memory for access during rerun. By considering the I/O reduction during rerun, it is found that, at high contention levels, the broadcast OCC which attempts to abort conflicting transactions as early as possible can be inferior to the pure OCC which only aborts a transaction at its commit time. Second, combining the two schemes, with pure OCC during the first run of a transaction and broadcast OCC during any reruns, can typically lead to better performance, especially at high contention levels.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Alternating copolymerisation of styrene and carbon monoxide in ionic liquids (2002)

Room temperature ionic liquids have been used as solvents for the palladium-catalysed copolymerisation of styrene and carbon monoxide. The behaviour of various ionic liquids, the nature and concentration of palladium catalyst, and the reusability of the catalyst–ionic liquid system are discussed. The effects of cation, anion and alkyl chain length of the ionic liquids on the reaction are also addressed. The yield of the polyketone in the ionic liquid systems is enhanced over conventional solvents studied under similar conditions.
Accelerated thymopoiesis and improved T‐cell responses in HLA‐A2/‐DR2 transgenic BRGS‐based human immune system mice (2019)

Human immune system (HIS) mouse models provide a robust in vivo platform to study human immunity. Nevertheless, the signals that guide human lymphocyte differentiation in HIS mice remain poorly understood. Here, we have developed a novel Balb/c Rag2<sup>-/-</sup> Il2rg<sup>-/-</sup> Sirpa<sup>NOD</sup> (BRGS) HIS mouse model expressing human HLA-A2 and -DR2 transgenes (BRGSA2DR2). When comparing BRGS and BRGSA2DR2 HIS mice engrafted with human CD34<sup>+</sup> stem cells, a more rapid emergence of T cells in the circulation of hosts bearing human HLA was shown, which may reflect a more efficient human T-cell development in the mouse thymus. Development of CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells was accelerated in BRGSA2DR2 HIS mice and generated more balanced B and T-cell compartments in peripheral lymphoid organs. Both B- and T-cell function appeared enhanced in the presence of human HLA transgenes with higher levels of class switched Ig, increased percentages of polyfunctional T cells and clear evidence for antigen-specific T-cell responses following immunization. Taken together, the presence of human HLA class I and II molecules can improve multiple aspects of human B- and T-cell homeostasis and function in the BRGS-based HIS mouse model.
Graphic Symbol Recognition Using Auto Associative Neural Network Model (2009)

Symbol recognition is a well-known problem in the field of graphics. A symbol can be defined as a structure within document that has a particular meaning in the context of the application. Due to their representational power, graph structures are usually used to represent line drawings images.An accurate vectorization constitutes a first approach to solve this goal. But vectorization only gives the segments constituting the document and their geometrical attributes.Interpreting a document such as P&ID (Process & Instrumentation)diagram requires an additional stage viz. recognition of symbols in terms of its shape. Usually a P&ID diagram contain several types of elements, symbols and structural connectivity. For those symbols that can be defined by a prototype pattern, we propose an iterative learning strategy based on Hopfield model to learn the symbols, for subsequent recognition in the P&ID diagram. In a typical shape recognition problem one has to account for transformation invariance. Here the transformation invariance is circumvented by using an iterative learning approach which can learn symbols with high degree of correlation.
Link layer FEC for quality‐of‐service provision for Mobile Internet Services over DVB‐S2 (2009)

Abstract This paper presents the performance that can be achieved when applying forward error correction (FEC) at the link layer (LL) level for Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB)‐S2‐based transmission to attain reliable reception in mobile environments. Our scenario of interest is the interactive railway scenario with two different channel assumptions: Line‐of‐Sight together with the effect of railway Power Archers (LOS+PA) and non‐Line‐of‐Sight (nLOS). We analyze the performance and compatibility of the different LL‐FEC schemes already available in the DVB family of standards: Multiple Protocol Encapsulation‐FEC (MPE‐FEC) and MPE Inter‐Burst FEC (MPE‐IFEC). We compare their performance when adopting Reed‐Solomon (RS) or Raptor FEC Codes. Both theoretical and simulation analysis reveal that LL‐FEC can overcome the fade in the railway scenario by selecting appropriate FEC codes. The solution finally adopted by the DVB‐RCS+M standard is discussed and two cross‐layer transmission architectures are presented that allow adaptive Quality‐of‐Service provision over generic LL encapsulation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.