gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Having Pancreatic Cancer with Tumoral Loss of ATM and Normal TP53 Protein Expression Is Associated with a Poorer Prognosis (2014)

Tumoral loss of ATM protein was detected more often in patients with a family history of pancreatic cancer than in those without. Patients whose pancreatic cancers had loss of ATM but normal TP53 had worse overall survival after pancreatic resection.
Antimicrobial Conjugated Oligoelectrolytes Containing Triphenylphosphonium Solubilizing Groups (2023)

Conjugated oligoelectrolytes (COEs) are an emerging class of amphiphilic antimicrobial compounds with a modular molecular framework suitable for simple chemical derivatization. Here, a series of COE derivatives with a stilbene-conjugated segment and triphenylphosphonium (TPP) pendant groups was designed and synthesized to understand how lipophilic cationic groups impact antimicrobial activity. In vitro evaluations against ESKAPE pathogens showed broad-spectrum activity towards multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria and mycobacteria, with TPP groups enhancing antimicrobial activity towards clinically relevant Gram-negative strains compared to their ammonium analogues. We studied the interactions of DM6P, the most active TPP-COE compound, with various membrane assays. Treatment of bacterial cells with DM6P showed enhanced permeability of cell membranes without inducing the development of significant bacterial resistance. Moreover, DM6P eliminated 99.99 % of methicillin-resistant Staphyloccocus aureus (MRSA) in an in vivo wound model. These results represent a promising chemical strategy for increasing the activity spectrum of membrane-active COE antibiotics to tackle challenging drug-resistant targets.
Extending Cell Tower Coverage through Drones (2017)

This paper explores a future in which drones serve as extensions to cellular networks. Equipped with a WiFi interface and a (LTE/5G) backhaul link, we envision a drone to fly in and create a WiFi network in a desired region. Analogous to fire engines, these drones can offer on-demand network service, alleviating unpredictable problems such as sudden traffic hotspots, poor coverage, and natural disasters. While realizing such a vision would need various pieces to come together, we focus on the problem of "drone placement". We ask: when several scattered users demand cellular connectivity in a particular area, where should the drone hover so that the aggregate demands are optimally satisfied? This is essentially a search problem, i.e., the drone needs to determine a 3D location from which its SNR to all the clients is maximized. Given the unknown environmental conditions (such as multipath, wireless shadows, foliage, and absorption), it is not trivial to predict the best hovering location.
Structure and society in early South India : essays in honour of Noboru Karashima (2001)

This collection of essays in honor of Noboru Karashima, whose vast research has uncovered much of the history of the Pallava-Cola and Vijayanagara eras in south Indian history, a period that spans the eighth to the sixteenth centuries. The essays address the emergence of rural and urban societies and state systems in the region and demonstrate the richness of contemporary research, particularly that based on the study of pre-colonial south Indian temple inscriptions. Topics include the extension of settled cultivation, the role of brahmadeya communities, the Kancipuram and Cidambaram ritual centers, kinship, feminism, and the Vijayanagara nayaka networks. The final chapter, on the initial Indian communities that were in contact with southeast Asia, offers a contrast between the evolving and functional rols of south Indian and Javanese temple centers.
Molecular Design of Performance Proteins With Repetitive Sequences (2008)

Most performance proteins responsible for the mechanical stability of cells and organisms reveal highly repetitive sequences. Mimicking such performance proteins is of high interest for the design of nanostructured biomaterials. In this article, flagelliform silk is exemplary introduced to describe a general principle for designing genes of repetitive performance proteins for recombinant expression in Escherichia coli . In the first step, repeating amino acid sequence motifs are reversely transcripted into DNA cassettes, which can in a second step be seamlessly ligated, yielding a designed gene. Recombinant expression thereof leads to proteins mimicking the natural ones. The recombinant proteins can be assembled into nanostructured materials in a controlled manner, allowing their use in several applications.
Examining the Role of Patent Quality in Large-Scale "Patent War" Litigation (2018)

Although the U.S. Patent System has been essential to spurring innovation, it has wavered in its efficiency and effectiveness at doing so. This research first makes historical comparison and analysis of the Apple and Wright landmark patent war cases to illustrate that, irrespective of timing, benefits of a patent system rest heavily on how well it defines and maintains “patent quality.” Much of the challenge in maintaining such quality relates to the subjective and often uncertain nature of invention criteria such as “non-obviousness.” As shown by recent trends, decreased patent quality leads to greater uncertainty about patent validity, which in turn invites more litigation. This work proposes that, in order to improve constancy on patent quality, the U.S. patent office should consider returning to original strategies envisioned by the Founders of the United States as described by a patent-registration system that emphasizes utility and public review in governing the patent granting process. Modern information technology can now be applied to effectively restore this original framework envisioned for patent quality control systems.
Abstract 2225: c-Myc and Frizzled 8 play a major role in the regulation of cancer stem cells and drug resistance in triple-negative breast cancer (2015)

Abstract Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) studies have shown that neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery was effective in the minority of women, whereas the majority that had a residual tumor had a relatively poor outcome. We have previously shown that cisplatin plus TRAIL treatment was most effective compared to PARP -inhibitors, pacliotaxol, dacelotaxol or cisplatin alone in TNBC cells. To identify the mechanism by which residual cancer cells survive chemotherapy, we initially performed gene expression profiling using the CRL2335 and MDA-MB-468 TNBC cells before and after treatment with cisplatin plus TRAIL. Gene expression prolife revealed that cisplatin plus TRAIL significantly inhibited major signaling pathways related with cancer stem cells (CSCs) such as Notch, Hedgehog, TGFβ and most of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling when compared with untreated control group. However, residual cells after cisplatin plus TRAIL treatment showed a significant increase in the expression of Frizzled 8 (FZD8 -one of the Wnt receptors) and c-Myc. In vivo, animal studies indicate that cisplatin plus TRAIL treatments predominantly eliminated non-cancer stem cells (non-CSCs), as demonstrated by whole-body fluorescent imaging of mice injected with mammosphere-forming CRL2335 cells that were stably transfected with dsRed. This led to CSCs enrichment in residual tumors, as confirmed by immunostaining for CSC markers. Increase in FZD8 and c-Myc expression was also observed in residual tumors following treatment with cisplatin and TRAIL. In this study, we have found that c-Myc overexpression increased FZD8 expression, and its downstream signaling and together protect the cells from drug mediated cell death compared to vector transfected cells. c-Myc over-expressing cells do not show increased mammosphere formation; the numbers of CSCs per mammosphere are much higher compared to vector transfected controls. CDK inhibitor (dinaciclib) enhanced the cell death in c-Myc over expressing non-CSCs with minimal effect on CSCs. Inhibition of c-Myc using siRNA reduced c-Myc, FZD-8 and CSCs and enhanced sensitivity of cells to cisplatin plus TRAIL. Taken together, our findings suggest that c-Myc may play a major role in mediating CSC survival and resistance to chemotherapy, making it a potential target to enhance chemotherapeutic efficacy in patients with TNBC. Citation Format: Shuping Yin, Vino T. Cheriyan, Arun K. Rishi, Kaladhar B. Reddy. c-Myc and Frizzled 8 play a major role in the regulation of cancer stem cells and drug resistance in triple-negative breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 2225. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-2225
More than Wearable: Epidermal Antennas for Tracking and Sensing (2016)

This chapter introduces the performance, the natural bounds, and some possible applications to body-centric systems of epidermal antennas that are suitable to be integrated with the radiofrequency identification (RFID) technology. It reviews the applications of epidermal tags to the wireless measurement of body temperature and to the monitoring of fluid exchanges at the skin interface. An RFID system is composed of two main components: the remote transponder or tag, and local querying system or reader. Membranes to be used as substrates for epidermal tags play a crucial role as they represent the interface between the radiators and the human skin. Experimentations of epidermal tags fabricated over special membranes demonstrated the feasible application of such devices not only for tracking but also for sensing purposes. The feasibility of integrating passive RFID sensor tags into medical hydrogel membranes was also experimentally demonstrated.
Prevalence of and factors associated with primary medication non‐adherence in chronic disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis (2019)

Primary medication non-adherence is common among patients with chronic diseases and more needs to be done to address this issue in order to improve patient outcomes. Future PMN studies could benefit from greater standardisation to enhance comparability.
Increasing Ion-current Density by Modifying the Radius of Curvature at the Apex of an Ion-emitter Tip (2012)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2012 in Phoenix, Arizona, USA, July 29 – August 2, 2012.
EXAFS STUDY ON THE LOCAL STRUCTURE CHANGES AROUND Ni ATOM DURING THE COURSES OF Ni/SiO2 CATALYST PREPARATION PROCEDURES (1983)

Abstract The changes of local structures around Ni atom were studied by means of EXAFS spectroscopy at every elementary step of two kinds of Ni/SiO2 catalyst preparation methods. From the analysis of EXAFS spectra, complemented by the observations by an electron microscope, differences by the structure of intermediate products by the two preparation methods have been revealed.
Transition Metal-Catalyzed [5 + 2] Cycloadditions of 2-Substituted-1-vinylcyclopropanes:  Catalyst Control and Reversal of Regioselectivity (1999)

Studies on the stereo- and regioselectivity of rhodium(I)-catalyzed [5 + 2] cycloadditions of 2-substituted-1-vinylcyclopropanes are described. The relative stereochemistry of vicinal cyclopropane substituents is found to be conserved in these reactions, translating into distinct 1,4- or 1,5-stereorelationships in the cycloadducts. Exceptional regioselectivity in cyclopropane bond cleavage and even reversal of cleavage selectivity can be obtained through judicious selection of substituents and/or catalyst.
Accurate Measures of Vaccination and Concerns of Vaccine Holdouts from Web Search Logs (2023)

To design effective vaccine policies, policymakers need detailed data about who has been vaccinated, who is holding out, and why. However, existing data in the US are insufficient: reported vaccination rates are often delayed or missing, and surveys of vaccine hesitancy are limited by high-level questions and self-report biases. Here, we show how large-scale search engine logs and machine learning can be leveraged to fill these gaps and provide novel insights about vaccine intentions and behaviors. First, we develop a vaccine intent classifier that can accurately detect when a user is seeking the COVID-19 vaccine on search. Our classifier demonstrates strong agreement with CDC vaccination rates, with correlations above 0.86, and estimates vaccine intent rates to the level of ZIP codes in real time, allowing us to pinpoint more granular trends in vaccine seeking across regions, demographics, and time. To investigate vaccine hesitancy, we use our classifier to identify two groups, vaccine early adopters and vaccine holdouts. We find that holdouts, compared to early adopters matched on covariates, are 69% more likely to click on untrusted news sites. Furthermore, we organize 25,000 vaccine-related URLs into a hierarchical ontology of vaccine concerns, and we find that holdouts are far more concerned about vaccine requirements, vaccine development and approval, and vaccine myths, and even within holdouts, concerns vary significantly across demographic groups. Finally, we explore the temporal dynamics of vaccine concerns and vaccine seeking, and find that key indicators emerge when individuals convert from holding out to preparing to accept the vaccine.
Introduction of WAG,a Wheat AGAMOUS Homolog,Reduces Corolla Size in Torenia (2003)

The function of a 1.1-kb transcript of WAG, a wheat AGAMOUS homolog, has not been clarified. To analyze its function, it was fused with the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter and introduced into torenia (Torenia fournieri). Torenia transformants grew normally with regular plant height, size and shape of leaves, and development of inflorescence. However, the corolla was significantly smaller in 10 transformants out of 21. Generally, the vertical and horizontal diameters of the lip part of the corolla, as well as the length of the corolla (including the tube part), were all reduced in the smaller flowers, suggesting that the size of the corolla was reduced equally in all dimensions. Southern blot analysis showed the existence of the WAG gene in the genomes of these plants. We report that WAG reduces the size of the corolla in torenia. Summary
Theoretical Limits and Optimal Operating Frequencies of Capacitive Wireless Charging Systems (2021)

This paper presents a framework to determine the theoretical limits of maximum power that can be delivered by capacitive wireless power transfer (WPT) systems suitable for electric vehicle (EV) charging and their optimal operating frequencies. The limits on system performance imposed by physical constraints such as air breakdown, application-specific constraints such as allowable fringing field levels and constraints imposed by the semiconductor devices such as device thermal limits are studied. The proposed framework is used to predict and compare the maximum power transfer capability of different capacitive WPT systems designed to charge EVs operating at different frequencies and also find the optimal operating frequency as a tradeoff between power, efficiency, and physical size of magnetics. The analytical framework is validated using a 13.56-MHz 12-cm air-gap prototype capacitive WPT system that transfers 1 kW power with a dc-dc efficiency of 86%.
State of the art of IETF security related protocols for IoT (2016)

National audience
Receptors for insulin-like growth factor-II in the growing tip of the deer antler (1993)

Insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) binding in the growing tip of the deer antler was examined using autoradiographical studies, radioreceptor assays and affinity cross-linking studies. Antler tips from red deer stags were removed 60 days after the commencement of growth, and cryogenically cut into sections. Sections were incubated with radiolabelled IGF-II, with or without an excess of competing unlabelled IGF-II and analysed autoradiographically. Radiolabelled IGF-II showed high specific binding in the reserve mesenchyme and perichondrium zones, which are tissues undergoing rapid differentiation and cell division in the antler. Binding to all other structural zones was low and significantly (P < 0.001) less than binding to the reserve mesenchyme/perichondrium zones. Radioreceptor assays on antler microsomal membrane preparations revealed that the IGF-II binding was to a relatively homogeneous receptor population (Kd = 1.3 x 10(-10) mol/l) with characteristics that were not entirely consistent with those normally attributed to the type 2 IGF receptor. Tracer binding was partly displaceable by IGF-I and insulin at concentrations above 10 nmol/l. However, affinity cross-linking studies revealed a single band migrating at 220 kDa under non-reducing conditions, indicative of the type 2 IGF receptor. These results indicate that, in antler tip tissues, IGF-II binds to sites which have different binding patterns and properties from receptors binding IGF-I. This may have functional significance as it appears that, whilst IGF-I has a role in matrix development of cartilage, IGF-II may have a role in the most rapidly differentiating and proliferating tissues of the antler.
Noninvasive ventilation use by patients enrolled in VITALITY-ALS (2021)

<i>Objectives:</i> To evaluate the prescribing practices of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) and patient compliance during VITALITY-ALS. <i>Methods:</i> VITALITY-ALS enrolled patients with a slow vital capacity (SVC) ≥70% of predicted who were not using NIV at screening. Physicians prescribed NIV without restriction following randomization. Reason(s) for NIV prescription, dates prescribed and initiated, and compliance were recorded. Compliance was recorded as prescribed but never initiated, used ≥2 h/24 h, used ≥4 h/24 h, or used ≥22 h/24 h. In addition to other outcome measures, SVC and the revised ALS functional rating scale (ALSFRS-R) were performed at all visits. Patients were followed up to 56 weeks. <i>Results:</i> 565 patients were randomized and dosed with placebo or <i>tirasemtiv</i> in VITALITY-ALS; 195 (34.5%) were prescribed NIV: of these, 78.5% used it for ≥2 h/24 h, 71.3% for ≥4 h/24 h, and 11.8% for ≥22 h/24 h. The three most common reasons NIV was prescribed were decline in vital capacity, respiratory symptoms, and sleep-related symptoms. During the trial, 179/565 (31.7%) patients had a decline of SVC below 50%; of these patients, 122/179 (68.2%) were prescribed NIV. Reasons for prescribing NIV were different for patients from North America compared with Europe. <i>Conclusions:</i> Despite allowing for NIV initiation at any point following randomization in VITALITY-ALS, only slightly more than two out of three patients whose SVC fell below 50% were prescribed NIV; this was similar in Europe and in North America. Underutilization of NIV could influence survival outcomes in patients with ALS including those involved in clinical trials.
Mutations in succinate dehydrogenase B (SDHB) enhance neutrophil survival independent of HIF-1α expression (2016)

sponsorship: Medical Research Council|MR/K023845/1, Medical Research Council|G0802255, Medical Research Council|MR/K023845/2, Wellcome Trust|098516, MRC|MR/K023845/2, MRC|MR/K023845/1, MRC|G0802255
New trends in photonic crystals (2009)

Photonic crystals, in which the refractive index changes periodically, provide an exciting tool for the manipulation of photons and have made substantial progresses in recent years. In this presentation, I will discuss two new trends in photonic crystals: (i) Dynamic control of photonic crystals and (ii) Novel two-dimensional photonic-crystal lasers, after the overview of the photonic crystal research.
Toward Determining the Biological Function of a Novel Post‐translational Modification on the Ribosomal Protein S12 (2007)

The ribosome is the universal macromolecular machine that translates the mRNA transcript into polypeptides. Analytical techniques have facilitated characterization of this complex and the identification of various ribosomal protein isoforms that result from post‐translational modifications (PTMs). Beta‐methylthioaspartic acid was previously identified as a novel PTM at position 88 in the Escherichia coli ribosomal protein S12. D88 is universal among all S12 bacterial orthologs and mutations at this position are lethal. This unusual PTM has also been identified in the equivalent position of ribosomal protein S12 from three phylogenetically distinct bacteria suggesting, at the bacterial level, conservation of the modification. Our goal is to determine the biological function of this novel PTM by elucidating the enzymology of modification. We used homologous recombination to create an E. coli S12 gene that has two affinity tags at the C‐terminus. To identify the modifying enzymes we utilized affinity purification to pull‐down proteins that form interactions. We have used 1D PAGE and LC/MS/MS to identify &gt; 50 specifically interacting proteins. Several candidates, including putative methyl transferases, will be studied.
β-Adrenergic Blocking Property ofdl-Sotalol Maintains Class III Efficacy in Guinea Pig Ventricular Muscle After Isoproterenol (1995)

The beta-adrenergic blocking property of dl-sotalol maintains APD prolongation and repolarizing outward current block during isoproterenol infusion in guinea pig ventricular muscle. Extrapolation of these data to a clinical setting may explain the efficacy of dl-sotalol in diminishing ventricular arrhythmia recurrence.
Clustering Concept Using Device-To-Device Communication in Cellular System (2010)

We study how direct communication within a group of devices, cluster, can improve the performance of a conventional cellular system. The clusters are formed from devices that are close and communicating with each other, for example, sharing data. The clusters share the radio resources among other devices in the system thus creating a mixed network system comprising directly communicating devices and devices having radio links to and from the base stations. In this kind of a system the additional challenge is to decide when clusters shall use direct communication and when conventional cellular radio links to communicate with each other. Here, in addition to clustering concept description we provide new means to analyse achievable system performance when clustering communication is integrated into a cellular network and especially into an interference limited system.
Electrophilic nitroalkene-tocopherol derivatives: synthesis, physicochemical characterization and evaluation of anti-inflammatory signaling responses (2018)

Inflammation plays a major role in the onset and development of chronic non-communicable diseases like obesity, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Combined, these diseases represent the most common causes of death worldwide, thus development of novel pharmacological approaches is crucial. Electrophilic nitroalkenes derived from fatty acids are formed endogenously and exert anti-inflammatory actions by the modification of proteins involved in inflammation signaling cascades. We have developed novel nitroalkenes derived from α-tocopherol aiming to increase its salutary actions by adding anti-inflammatory properties to a well-known nutraceutical. We synthesized and characterized an α-tocopherol-nitroalkene (NATOH) and two hydrosoluble analogues derived from Trolox (NATxME and NATx0). We analyzed the kinetics of the Michael addition reaction of these compounds with thiols in micellar systems aiming to understand the effect of hydrophobic partition on the reactivity of nitroalkenes. We studied NATxME in vitro showing it exerts non-conventional anti-inflammatory responses by inducing Nrf2-Keap1-dependent gene expression and inhibiting the secretion of NF-κB dependent pro-inflammatory cytokines. NATxME was also effective in vivo, inhibiting neutrophil recruitment in a zebrafish model of inflammation. This work lays the foundation for the rational design of a new therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of metabolic and inflammation-related diseases.