gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Statins and Risk of Bleeding: An Analysis to Evaluate Possible Bias Due to Prevalent Users and Healthy User Aspects (2016)

Statins are said to protect against a wide range of diseases. We studied to what extent potential bias influences the results of studies on beneficial side effects of statins. We selected 8,188 atrial fibrillation patients who started treatment with anticoagulants at the Leiden Anticoagulation Clinic in the Netherlands between 2003 and 2009 and experienced 1,683 minor and 451 major bleeds during 18,105 person-years of follow-up. Statins were associated with a risk reduction of 9% for bleeds (hazard ratio = 0.91, 95% confidence interval: 0.82, 1.00). Additionally, analyses were stratified by age, incident users (patients who started statins during follow-up, i.e., an inception cohort), and prevalent statin users (statin users at baseline), as restriction to incident users avoids overoptimistic risk estimates. After stratification, the protective associations disappeared or reversed (range of hazard ratios = 0.99-3.22), except for patients aged 75 years or older. This remaining association could be due to another bias as, according to guidelines, in the elderly, statins should be prescribed only to those with a reasonable life expectancy. This could have resulted in a comparison of fit statin users with less fit nonstatin users (healthy user effect). The apparent protective association of statins on bleeds may be due to bias. We recommend stratification by age and incident and prevalent statin use when studying associations of statins with disease outcomes to avoid overoptimistic risk estimates.
Extracellular Acidic Polysaccharide Production by a Two-membered Bacterial Coculture (2003)

A two-membered coculture of strains KYM-7 and KYM-8, identified as Cellulomonas cellulans and Agrobacterium tumefaciens, respectively, produced a large amount of an extracellular polysaccharide, designated APK-78, from starch. Each strain in pure culture produced only very little amount of polysaccharide from starch; the coexistence of the two strains from the early stage of cultivation was indispensable for a large amount of polysaccharide to be produced. The polysaccharide APK-78 was acidic and composed of glucose, galactose, succinic acid, and pyruvic acid with a molar ratio of 8.1:1.0:1.7:1.0, indicating that it is a succinoglycan type of polysaccharide.
A Fully Connected Neural Network to Mitigate 200G DP-16-QAM Transmission System Impairments (2020)

We show here the efficiency of neural network to assist the linear DSP for mitigating 200G DP-16QAM transmission system impairments. We measure up to 1-dB Q-factor improvement in our Nx100-km G.652 fiber link experiment.
Premature Ventricular Contractions and Non-sustained Ventricular Tachycardia: Association with Sudden Cardiac Death, Risk Stratification, and Management Strategies. (2010)

Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) and non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) are frequently encountered and a marker of electrocardiomyopathy. In some instances, they increase the risk for sustained ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, and sudden cardiac death. While often associated with a primary cardiomyopathy, they have also been known to cause tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy in patients without preceding structural heart disease. Medical therapy including beta-blockers and class III anti-arrhythmic agents can be effective while implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICD) are indicated in certain patients. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is the preferred, definitive treatment in those patients that improve with anti-arrhythmic therapy, have tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy, or have certain subtypes of PVCs/NSVT. We present a review of PVCs and NSVT coupled with case presentations on RFA of fascicular ventricular tachycardia, left-ventricular outflow tract ventricular tachycardia, and Purkinje arrhythmia leading to polymorphic ventricular tachycardia.
Sphingosine Kinase-1 Is Central to Androgen-Regulated Prostate Cancer Growth and Survival (2009)

We report the first evidence that androgen deprivation induces a differential effect on SphK1 activity in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer cell models. These results also suggest that SphK1 activation upon chronic androgen deprivation may serve as a compensatory mechanism allowing prostate cancer cells to survive in androgen-depleted environment, giving support to its inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy to delay/prevent the transition to androgen-independent prostate cancer.
Influence of new coronavirus pandemic on behavior and awareness of young nurses and nursing students in Japan (2021)

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a psychological impact on nurses and nursing students, associated with changes in behavior and awareness even in Japan. Of note, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected nurses' professionalism and views on life and death. This study demonstrates the importance of having a coping strategy for anxiety and damaged professionalism in nurses, and education on life and death in nursing students.
Top‐down to bottom‐up? Centre‐periphery relations and power structures in France's Gaullist party (1993)

Changes in centre‐periphery relations, both institutional (most notably decentralisation) and socio‐economic (the growing importance of cities) have radically altered the environment in which French political parties operate. The unprecedentedly close links between parties and the local political system that have resulted have profoundly affected power structures within the parties. Just as the Fifth Republic ‘presidentialised’ parties, so decentralisation has ‘localised’ them. The case of the Rassemblement pour la République, the inheritor to the top‐down, presidentialist tradition of Gaullism, is a remarkable illustration of this transformation.
Introduction to Dynamic Charging (2017)

To minimize the greenhouse effect caused by emission of CO2 , many automobile manufacturers are developing battery-powered automobiles that typically use rechargeable lithium ion batteries. However, the future of these battery electric vehicles (BEVs) is less than certain. The rechargeable lithium batteries are heavy and expensive with a limited life. As an alternative to this BEV, road-powered electric vehicles (RPEVs) have been developed, which utilize the dynamic charging technologies; one of the recently developed examples is the on-line electric vehicle (OLEV). OLEV draws its electric power from underground electric coils without using any mechanical contact. Batteries are recharged whenever OLEV draws electric power from the underground coils and thus does not require expensive separate charging stations. The infrastructure cost of installing and maintaining OLEV is less than those required for other versions of electric vehicles. Detail rationales for dynamic charging will be covered in succeeding chapters, but the overview will be provided in this chapter.
Cell detection by surface imprinted polymers (SIPs) — A study of the sensor surface by optical and dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (2018)

Cell imprinting on polymer layers produces synthetic receptors, so called surface imprinted polymers (SIPs) that are suitable for specific and selective cellular recognition. However, their recognition mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Therefore, various factors that influence cell recognition were explored using different spectroscopic techniques. Specifically, the molecular dynamics of surface-imprinted and non-imprinted polyurethane layers was studied with focus on the dielectric relaxation signatures of proteins and lipids by dielectric relaxation spectroscopy. Furthermore, we have tested an interdigitated comb electrode (IDE) structure placed beneath the cell recognition layer. It was shown that both plane and IDE configurations sense the molecular dynamics of the PU layer correctly, and also reveal specific information about the polymer/cell interface.
Gene expression analysis in lymphoblasts derived from patients with autism spectrum disorder (2011)

Our results provide evidence that the NLGN3 and SHANK3 genes may be differentially expressed in lymphoblastoid cell lines from individuals with ASD compared to those from controls. These findings suggest the possibility that decreased mRNA expression levels of these genes might be involved in the pathophysiology of ASD in a substantial population of ASD patients.
Graph-Aware Language Model Pre-Training on a Large Graph Corpus Can Help Multiple Graph Applications (2023)

Model pre-training on large text corpora has been demonstrated effective for various downstream applications in the NLP domain. In the graph mining domain, a similar analogy can be drawn for pre-training graph models on large graphs in the hope of benefiting downstream graph applications, which has also been explored by several recent studies. However, no existing study has ever investigated the pre-training of text plus graph models on large heterogeneous graphs with abundant textual information (a.k.a. large graph corpora) and then fine-tuning the model on different related downstream applications with different graph schemas. To address this problem, we propose a framework of graph-aware language model pre-training (GaLM) on a large graph corpus, which incorporates large language models and graph neural networks, and a variety of fine-tuning methods on downstream applications. We conduct extensive experiments on Amazon's real internal datasets and large public datasets. Comprehensive empirical results and in-depth analysis demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed methods along with lessons learned.
Microenvironment-Mediated Regulation of Micrornas In B-Lymphocytes as a Novel Mechanism for Terminal B-Cell Differentiation and Lymphomagenesis. (2010)

Abstract Abstract 3853 B-cell differentiation is tightly regulated by synchronized suppression and/or induction of specific transcription factors. Among them, B-cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) and PRDM1 are considered to be master regulators for germinal center formation and terminal B-cell differentiation. Dysregulation of BCL6 and PRDM1 also have been associated with lymphomagenesis. Their regulation still need further study especially at the posttranscriptional level. Here, by using co-culture system and whole genomic microRNA microarray profiling, we show for the first time that direct B lymphoma cell-stroma cell contact between follicular dendritic cells and B-lymphocytes could induce upregulation of miR-30 family and downregulation of miR-9 and let-7 family. In silico analysis showed that miR-30s can target genes BCL6 and miR-9/let7 can target PRDM1 with direct binding sites in 3`UTR region of their mRNAs. The microarray data can be proved by microRNA specific Q-RT-PCR. Specifically, by both gain of function and loss of function studies, we functionally verified that FDCs Regulate Expression of BCL6 and PRDM1 via Cell-Cell Direct Contact induced correlated microRNA dysregulation. To further validate the direct interaction between BCL6 and miR-30, we constructed luciferase reporters containing the BCL6 3`-UTR that included miR-30 binding sites and a mutant 3`-UTR harboring mutations in the “seed pairing” sequences of the miR-30 binding site. Co-transfection of miR-30 and reporter construct into cells significantly decreased luciferase activity in wild-type but not in mutant BCL6-3`-UTR transfected cells, supporting the role of miR-30 family in the regulation of BCL6 expression. BCL6 and PRDM1 and their regulation miRNAs, let-7 and miR-30, also can be validated in primary normal B-lymphocytes and lymphoma cells by using our co-culture system. Dysregulation of BCL6 and PRDM1 is often associated with lymphomagenesis. We firstly identified that BCL6 is the direct target of miR-30 family and also verified PRDM1 is the target of miR-9, and let-7 in our system. Our studies provide a novel mechanism of post-transcriptional regulation of BCL6 and PRDM1 by several microRNAs. In the context of micro-environment, it provides a clue for germinal center B-cell differentiation as well as B-cell lymphomas progression regulated by lymphocyte cell-stroma cell contact through microRNAs. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
A la découverte des matériaux d'électrode positive de batteries Nai-ion (2021)

La recherche de nouveaux matériaux d’électrode positive pour batteries Na-ion est en plein essor depuis quelques années, les matériaux les plus étudiés et les plus prometteurs appartenant aux familles des oxydes lamellaires et des composés polyanioniques. Cet article illustre à travers quelques exemples comment, en jouant sur la composition et la structure de ces matériaux, leurs propriétés peuvent être modulées afin d’optimiser le potentiel, la capacité réversible et les mécanismes mis en jeu lors du cyclage de la batterie.
RNF41 (Nrdp1) controls type 1 cytokine receptor degradation and ectodomain shedding (2011)

Cytokines, such as interferons, erythropoietin, leptin and most interleukins, signal through type 1 cytokine receptors and activate the canonical JAK-STAT pathway. Aberrant cytokine signalling underlies numerous pathologies and adequate, temporary receptor activation is therefore under tight control. Negative-feedback mechanisms are very well studied, but cellular sensitivity also depends on the number of receptors exposed at the cell surface. This is determined by the equilibrium between receptor synthesis and transport to the plasma membrane, internalisation and recycling, degradation and ectodomain shedding, but the molecular basis of how cells establish steady state receptor levels is poorly understood. Here, we report that ring finger protein 41 (RNF41, also known as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Nrdp1) interacts with JAK2-associated cytokine receptor complexes and modulates their cell surface exposure and signalling. Moreover, ectopic expression of RNF41 affected turnover of leptin, leukaemia inhibitory factor and interleukin-6 receptor in a dual way: it blocked intracellular cathepsin-L-dependent receptor cleavage and concomitantly enhanced receptor shedding by metalloproteases of the ADAM family. Receptor degradation and shedding are thus interconnected phenomena with a single protein, RNF41, determining the balance.
A simple solution-based route to high-efficiency CZTSSe thin-film solar cells (2012)

Solution-based Cu <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> ZnSn(S,Se) <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> (CZTSSe) thin film deposition routes focusing on chemistries with attractive scalability and handling characteristics, while delivering high efficiency devices are promising technologies for low-cost solar cells. In this paper we describe a new approach for the fabrication of CZTSSe thin films using inks comprised of mixtures of binary and ternary metal-chalcogenide nanocrystals dispersed in simple organic solvents. The resulting blended inks can be coated under ambient conditions to give precursor films which are in turn converted to device-quality CZTSSe absorbers via thermal annealing in a selenium atmosphere. Using this approach we have demonstrated CZTSSe solar cells with total area efficiencies in excess of 8.5% (or 9.6% per active area) under 1 Sun AM1.5 illumination.
Molecular Determinants of Filament Capping Proteins Required for the Formation of Functional Flagella in Gram-Negative Bacteria (2021)

Bacterial flagella are cell surface protein appendages that are critical for motility and pathogenesis. Flagellar filaments are tubular structures constructed from thousands of copies of the protein flagellin, or FliC, arranged in helical fashion. Individual unfolded FliC subunits traverse the filament pore and are folded and sorted into place with the assistance of the flagellar capping protein complex, an oligomer of the FliD protein. The FliD filament cap is a stool-like structure, with its D2 and D3 domains forming a flat head region, and its D1 domain leg-like structures extending perpendicularly from the head towards the inner core of the filament. Here, using an approach combining bacterial genetics, motility assays, electron microscopy and molecular modeling, we define, in numerous Gram-negative bacteria, which regions of FliD are critical for interaction with FliC subunits and result in the formation of functional flagella. Our data indicate that the D1 domain of FliD is its sole functionally important domain, and that its flexible coiled coil region comprised of helices at its extreme N- and C-termini controls compatibility with the FliC filament. FliD sequences from different bacterial species in the head region are well tolerated. Additionally, head domains can be replaced by small peptides and larger head domains from different species and still produce functional flagella.
Stereocontrolled total synthesis of (+)-vinblastine (2003)

Abstract Stereocontrolled total synthesis of (+)-vinblastine ( 1 ) has been achieved using a novel radical-mediated indole synthesis developed in our laboratories. The isothiocyanate 18 , prepared readily from quinoline 17 , underwent a facile addition of the malonate anion to give 19 . The o -alkenylthioanilide 19 was then converted to indole 20 by radical cyclization and protection. (−)-Vindoline ( 2 ) was prepared from this key intermediate 20 in a highly efficient manner. The indole core of the 11-membered intermediate 3 was constructed similarly from quinoline. The critical coupling reaction between 2 and the chloroindolenine derived from 3 proceeded with complete control of stereochemistry to give the desired product 66 in 97 % yield, which could be successfully converted to (+)-vinblastine ( 1 ).
Al-2.10 Atomic Force Microscopy (Afm) (2021)

As increasingly smaller molecular materials and material structures are devised or developed for technological applications, the demands on the processes of lithography now routinely include feature sizes that are of the order of 10 nm. In reaching such a fine level of resolution, the methods of lithography have increased markedly in sophistication and brought into play 2terminology that is unfamiliar, on the one hand, to scientists tasked with the development of new lithographic materials or, on the other, to the engineers who design and operate the complex equipment that is required in modern-day processing. Publications produced by scientists need to be understood by engineers and vice versa, and these commonly arise from collaborative research that draws heavily on the terminology of two or more of the traditional disciplines. It is developments in polymer science and material science that lead progress in areas that cross traditional boundaries, such as microlithography. This document provides the exact definitions of a selection of unfamiliar terms that researchers and practitioners from different disciplines might encounter.
Structure of lithium isodicyclopentadienide and lithium cyclopentadienide in tetrahydrofuran solution. A combined NMR, IGLO, and MNDO study (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure of lithium isodicyclopentadienide and lithium cyclopentadienide in tetrahydrofuran solution. A combined NMR, IGLO, and MNDO studyLeo A. Paquette, Walter Bauer, Mark R. Sivik, Michael Buehl, Martin Feigel, and Paul v. R. SchleyerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 24, 8776–8789Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00180a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00180a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views658Altmetric-Citations134LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
fMLP-Induced IL-8 Release Is Dependent on NADPH Oxidase in Human Neutrophils (2015)

N-Formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) and platelet-activating factor (PAF) induce similar intracellular signalling profiles; but only fMLP induces interleukin-8 (IL-8) release and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced (NADPH) oxidase activity in neutrophils. Because the role of ROS on IL-8 release in neutrophils is until now controversial, we assessed if NADPH oxidase is involved in the IL-8 secretions and PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and NF-κB pathways activity induced by fMLP. Neutrophils were obtained from healthy volunteers. IL-8 was measured by ELISA, IL-8 mRNA by qPCR, and ROS production by luminol-amplified chemiluminescence, reduction of ferricytochrome c, and FACS. Intracellular pH changes were detected by spectrofluorescence. ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, and Akt phosphorylation were analysed by immunoblotting and NF-κB was analysed by immunocytochemistry. Hydroxy-3-methoxyaceto-phenone (HMAP), diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), and siRNA Nox2 reduced the ROS and IL-8 release in neutrophils treated with fMLP. HMAP, DPI, and amiloride (a Na(+)/H(+) exchanger inhibitor) inhibited the Akt phosphorylation and did not affect the p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 activity. DPI and HMAP reduced NF-κB translocation induced by fMLP. We showed that IL-8 release induced by fMLP is dependent on NADPH oxidase, and ROS could play a redundant role in cell signalling, ultimately activating the PI3K/Akt and NF-κB pathways in neutrophils.
The Effect of Debiasing Protein–Ligand Binding Data on Generalization (2019)

The structured nature of chemical data means machine-learning models trained to predict protein-ligand binding risk overfitting the data, impairing their ability to generalize and make accurate predictions for novel candidate ligands. Data debiasing algorithms, which systematically partition the data to reduce bias and provide a more accurate metric of model performance, have the potential to address this issue. When models are trained using debiased data splits, the reward for simply memorizing the training data is reduced, suggesting that the ability of the model to make accurate predictions for novel candidate ligands will improve. To test this hypothesis, we use distance-based data splits to measure how well a model can generalize. We first confirm that models perform better for randomly split held-out sets than for distant held-out sets. We then debias the data and find, surprisingly, that debiasing typically reduces the ability of models to make accurate predictions for distant held-out test sets and that model performance measured after debiasing is not representative of the ability of a model to generalize. These results suggest that debiasing reduces the information available to a model, impairing its ability to generalize.