gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Flagellar membrane fusion and protein exchange in trypanosomes; a new form of cell-cell communication? (2016)

Diverse structures facilitate direct exchange of proteins between cells, including plasmadesmata in plants and tunnelling nanotubes in bacteria and higher eukaryotes. Here we describe a new mechanism of protein transfer, flagellar membrane fusion, in the unicellular parasite Trypanosoma brucei. When fluorescently tagged trypanosomes were co-cultured, a small proportion of double-positive cells were observed. The formation of double-positive cells was dependent on the presence of extracellular calcium and was enhanced by placing cells in medium supplemented with fresh bovine serum. Time-lapse microscopy revealed that double-positive cells arose by bidirectional protein exchange in the absence of nuclear transfer. Furthermore, super-resolution microscopy showed that this process occurred in ≤1 minute, the limit of temporal resolution in these experiments. Both cytoplasmic and membrane proteins could be transferred provided they gained access to the flagellum. Intriguingly, a component of the RNAi machinery (Argonaute) was able to move between cells, raising the possibility that small interfering RNAs are transported as cargo. Transmission electron microscopy showed that shared flagella contained two axonemes and two paraflagellar rods bounded by a single membrane. In some cases flagellar fusion was partial and interactions between cells were transient. In other cases fusion occurred along the entire length of the flagellum, was stable for several hours and might be irreversible. Fusion did not appear to be deleterious for cell function: paired cells were motile and could give rise to progeny while fused. The motile flagella of unicellular organisms are related to the sensory cilia of higher eukaryotes, raising the possibility that protein transfer between cells via cilia or flagella occurs more widely in nature.
Characterization of Push-Pull Polyenes of Increasing Size: Linear and Quadratic Polarizabilities in Solution (1997)

Push-pull molecules have been extensively studied for their properties in the field of quadratic nonlinear optics. Such molecules consist of electron-donor and electron acceptor substituents connected via a conjugation path. The partial intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) between these end groups can lead to large ground-state dipoles μ . Also, they can display huge static quadratic hyperpolarizabilities β (0) related to the occurence of the ICT transition between the ground and first-excited states [1].
Expression of enzymes in yeast for lignocellulose derived oligomer CBP (2023)

The present invention provides a multi-component enzyme system that hydrolyzes hemicellulose oligomers from hardwood which can be expressed, for example, in yeast such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In some embodiments, this invention provides for the engineering of a series of biocatalysts combining the expression and secretion of components of this enzymatic system with robust, rapid xylose utilization, and ethanol fermentation under industrially relevant process conditions for consolidated bioprocessing. In some embodiments, the invention utilizes co-cultures of strains that can achieve significantly improved performance due to the incorporation of additional enzymes in the fermentation system.
ChemInform Abstract: Piperazinylalkyl Heterocycles as Potential Antipsychotic Agents. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Using EEG to Discriminate Cognitive Workload and Performance Based on Neural Activation and Connectivity (2016)

Abstract : A major goal of noninvasive brain sensing is to ascertain both the workload and the efficacy of cognitive processing. Realizing this goal will assist in monitoring cognitive readiness under different levels of cognitive workload and fatigue. Our approach to discriminating a persons cognitive state is predicated on the idea that cognition depends on coordinated neural activations, operating over a range of frequencies, that link functional networks across multiple brain regions. Therefore, our approach focuses on characterizing neural activation and connectivity patterns across the brain within multiple frequency bands. In each band, neural activations are characterized using spatial distributions of power across EEG channels, and neural connectivities are characterized using the eigenspectra of EEG connectivity matrices. The connectivity matrices are constructed using two measures: coherence and covariance. We use an auditory working memory task to vary cognitive workload by altering the number of digits held in memory during the simultaneous retention of a sentence in memory. Cognitive efficacy is assessed based on accuracy in recalling digits from memory. A Gaussian classifier is used to discriminate cognitive load and performance from EEG recorded during each experimental trial, and quantify discrimination accuracy with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) statistic. For cognitive load discrimination, AUC values of 0.59, 0.56, and 0.60 are obtained using power-, coherence-, and covariance-based feature sets, respectively. For cognitive performance discrimination, AUC values of 0.49, 0.62, and 0.63 are obtained for the same feature sets.
Absorption spectroscopy using optical masers including a discussion of early investigations into the process of stimulated emission of radiation (1963)

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 1963.
Negative Stress Examination Under Anesthesia Reliably Predicts Pelvic Ring Union Without Displacement (2017)

Diagnostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
The chemistry of polycyclic arene imine. VI. 1‐[N,N‐di‐(2‐propenyl)‐9‐phenanthreneamine‐10‐yl]‐1a,9b‐dihydrophenanthro[9,10‐b]azirine an unusual allylation product of phenanthrene 9,10‐imine (1985)

Abstract Phenanthrene 9,10‐imine (1) was shown to react with allyl bromide and 50% aqueous sodium hydroxide under phase transfer catalysis conditions to give the title compound 3 as the only product. The starting imine 1 is assumed to undergo initially bis alkylation to form an N,N ‐di‐(2‐propenyl)phenanthrene 9,10‐iminium salt (4) which, in turn, is attacked by a deprotonated phenanthrene imine anion (5). The structure of 3 has been determined by a single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis.
Remote Speech Analysis in the Evaluation of Hospitalized Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (2021)

Automated speech analysis technology can identify voice alterations reflective of HF status. This platform is expected to provide a valuable contribution to in-person and remote follow-up of patients with HF, by alerting to imminent deterioration, thereby reducing hospitalization rates. (Clinical Evaluation of Cordio App in Adult Patients With CHF; NCT03266029).
P‐41: Improvement of Low‐Voltage Phosphors by Ar‐Gas Sputtering Treatments after Electron Bombardment: ZnS:Cu,Al and ZnGa 2 O 4 :Mn (1998)

Abstract Electrophoretically deposited low voltage phosphors of FED are irradiated by electron beam from the Spindt micro tip arrays. The conditions of phosphor surface are analyzed at various conditions. Ar gas treatment is used for stabilizing the surface of ZnS:Cu,Al and ZnGa 2 O 4 :Mn with improved conditions. It is found that the electron irradiation on the phosphor seriously causes carbon effect to the phosphor surface, resulting in dark color defects on the real 4 inch FED panel. However, the contaminated phosphor surface is effectively eliminated by the gas sputtering treatment on it, and proved experimentally.
Preparation of a chemically characterized 99mTc-penicillamine complex. (1976)

In the reaction labeling penicillamine with 99mTc, serveral different chemical states of 99mTc were observed to occur with slight changes in the labeling conditions, such as the concentrations of penicillamine, 99mTcO4-, stannous chloride, and hydrogen ion. We have studied the effects of these conditions on the formation of the monomer complex that we call Complex I, in which 99mTc is coordinated with the penicillamine as 99mTcO+2. Our approach is based on the thesis that Complex I formation competes with 99mTcO+2 hydrolysis, which leads to other 99mTc complexes. On this basis, the specific labeling conditions for Complex I formation have been established. Highly reproducible in vivo behavior in mice and rats was obtained with this chemically controlled Complex I.
Supplementary Figures 1-7, Tables 1-6 from miRNA Signatures Associate with Pathogenesis and Progression of Osteosarcoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 2MB&lt;/p&gt;
102 Fabrication of Non-oxide Nanoceramics by Spark Plasma Sintering (2010)

Aluminum nitride nanopowder was fabricated from transition alumina nanopowder by gas reduction-nitridation method. It was sintered by spark plasma sintering with 1 wt% Ca_3Al_2O_6 as a sintering additive in nitrogen. A so-called nanoceramic was obtained by sintering at 1450℃ with Ca_3Al_2O6_, though the nanopowder without additive was densified at 1550℃. The sintering temperature for dense aluminum nitride ceramic could be reduced by 1 wt% Ca_3Al_2O_6 as a sintering additive.
Luminescence and redox photochemistry of the molybdenum(II) cluster Mo6Cl142- (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLuminescence and redox photochemistry of the molybdenum(II) cluster Mo6Cl142-Andrew W. Maverick and Harry B. GrayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 5, 1298–1300Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1981https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00395a088RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views540Altmetric-Citations144LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (404 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of Isotactic Poly(propylene) by Titanium Based Catalysts Containing Diamide Ligands (2001)

Propylene polymerization was carried out with [Ar(*)N(CH2)3NAr(*)]TiCl2 (Ar = 2,6-iPr2C6H3 and Ar* = 2,6-Me2C6H3) and [ArNCH2PhCH2NAr] TiCl2 (Ar = 2,6-iPr2C6H3) complexes as catalysts. MAO and various combinations of trialkylaluminium and boron compounds as cocatalysts were employed to investigate the stereospecificity of the present catalyst system. Isotactic PP was obtained using [ArN(CH2)3NAr]TiCl2 and [ArNCH2PhCH2NAr]TiCl2 (Ar = 2,6-iPr2C6H3) complexes. It was newly found that even the polymerization with MAO as cocatalyst affords isotactic PP. It was confirmed that isotactic PP could be produced when R in the employed trialkylaluminium (AlR3) became bulkier than an isobutyl group. The steric hindrance around the active metal center caused by the substituents in the ligand or bulky group in the bridge of the catalyst was found to play an important role for the stereospecificity of the present catalyst system.
Properties of anthranilate synthetase component II from Pseudomonas putida. (1976)

The interaction of Pseudomanas putida anthranilate synthetase Component II (AS II) with glutamine, glutamine analogs, and iodoacetamide has been investigated in order to clarify the initial steps in the mechanism for glutamine utilization. AS II is alkylated and irreversibly inactivated by covalent attachment of approximately 1 eg of L-2-amino-4-oxo-5-chloropentanoic acid (chloroketone) or 1 eq of iodoacetamide. Alkylation of AS II by chloroketone involves initial formation of an enzyme-inhibitor complex having a Ki of 28 muM. Alkylation of AS II by iodoacetamide occurs without initial formation of a reversible complex. In both cases glutamine protects against alkylation and exhibits competitive kinetics. When anthranilate synthetase Component I (AS I) is associated with AS II, the second substrate, chorismate, enhances alkylation of AS II by chloroketone. Alkylation of AS II by iodoacetamide is unaffected by AS I and chorismate. These results suggest a role of chorismate-AS I complex to promote binding of glutamine to AS II or to facilitate conversion of an AS II-glutamine complex to the covalent glutamyl-AS II intermediate. This conclusion is supported by the fact that glutaminase activity of AS II, which requires formation of the glutamyl-AS II intermediate, is stimulated by AS I and chorismate.
Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors: Structure-Based Modeling and Isoform-Selectivity Prediction (2012)

An enhanced version of comparative binding energy (COMBINE) analysis, named COMBINEr, based on both ligand-based and structure-based alignments has been used to build several 3-D QSAR models for the eleven human zinc-based histone deacetylases (HDACs). When faced with an abundance of data from diverse structure-activity sources, choosing the best paradigm for an integrative analysis is difficult. A common example from studies on enzyme-inhibitors is the abundance of crystal structures characterized by diverse ligands complexed with different enzyme isoforms. A novel comprehensive tool for data mining on such inhomogeneous set of structure-activity data was developed based on the original approach of Ortiz, Gago, and Wade, and applied to predict HDAC inhibitors' isoform selectivity. The COMBINEr approach (apart from the AMBER programs) has been developed to use only software freely available to academics.
In Vivo Characterization of Dimethylsulfoniopropionate Lyase in the Fungus Fusarium lateritium (1998)

A fungus, Fusarium lateritium, with dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) lyase activity was isolated from both seawater and a salt marsh due to its ability to grow on DMSP (with the evolution of dimethyl sulfide) as the sole source of carbon. This is the first reported case of DMSP lyase activity in a fungus. Several other common fungal genera tested did not have DMSP lyase activity. DMSP was taken up more rapidly by F. lateritium than it was utilized, leading to its intracellular accumulation. Inhibitor studies with nystatin and cyanide indicated that DMSP uptake was an energy-dependent process. The lyase was inducible by its substrate, DMSP (K(m), 1.2 mM), and by the substrate analogs choline and glycine betaine. During induction, DMSP lyase activity increased with time and then dropped rapidly. This loss of activity could be prevented by spiking the culture with fresh DMSP or choline. The V(max) for DMSP lyase was 34.7 mU . mg of protein. The inhibitory effects of nystatin, and p-chloromercuriphenylsulfonate on DMSP lyase activity suggested that the enzyme is cytosolic. Because plants like Spartina (a marsh grass) and marine algae contain high concentrations of DMSP, we speculate that DMSP-utilizing fungi may be involved in their decay.
Benefit of azilsartan on blood pressure elevation around rest-to-active phase in spontaneously hypertensive rats (2014)

Abnormal elevation of blood pressure in early morning (rest-to-active phase) is suggested to cause cardiovascular events. We investigated whether azilsartan (AZL), a novel potent angiotensin receptor blocker, suppresses blood pressure elevation from the light-rest to dark-active phase in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). AZL has a sustained depressor effect around the rest-to-active phase in SHRs to a greater extent than candesartan (CAN), despite their similar depressor effects for over 24 h. AZL did not cause sympathoexcitation. These results suggest that AZL has a more sustained depressor effect than CAN around the rest-to-active phase in SHRs, and might have advantages for early morning hypertension.
Chemical Tuning of Fibers Drawn from Extensible Hyaluronic Acid Networks (2020)

Polymer fibers with specific chemical and mechanical properties are key components of many biomaterials used for regenerative medicine and drug delivery. Here, we develop a bioinspired, low-energy process to produce mechanically tunable biopolymer fibers drawn from aqueous solutions. Hyaluronic acid (HA) forms dynamic cross-links with branched polyethylene glycol polymers end-functionalized with boronic acids of varied structure to produce extensible polymer networks. This dynamic fiber precursor (DFP) is directly drawn by pultrusion into HA fibers that display high aspect ratios, ranging from 4 to 20 μm in diameter and up to ∼10 m in length. Dynamic rheology measurements of the DFP and tensile testing of the resulting fibers reveal design considerations to tune the propensity for fiber formation and fiber mechanical properties, including the effect of polymer structure and concentration on elastic modulus, tensile strength, and ultimate strain. The materials' humidity-responsive contractile behavior, a unique property of spider silks rarely observed in synthetic materials, highlights possibilities for further biomimetic and stimulus-responsive fiber applications. This work demonstrates that chemical modification of dynamic interactions can be used to tune the mechanical properties of pultrusion-based fibers and their precursors.
AID Overlapping and Polη Hotspots Are Key Features of Evolutionary Variation Within the Human Antibody Heavy Chain (IGHV) Genes (2020)

Somatic hypermutation (SHM) of the immunoglobulin variable (IgV) loci is a key process in antibody affinity maturation. The enzyme activation-induced deaminase (AID), initiates SHM by creating C → U mismatches on single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). AID has preferential hotspot motif targets in the context of WRC/GYW (W = A/T, R = A/G, Y = C/T) and particularly at WGCW overlapping hotspots where hotspots appear opposite each other on both strands. Subsequent recruitment of the low-fidelity DNA repair enzyme, Polymerase eta (Polη), during mismatch repair, creates additional mutations at WA/TW sites. Although there are more than 50 functional immunoglobulin heavy chain variable (IGHV) segments in humans, the fundamental differences between these genes and their ability to respond to all possible foreign antigens is still poorly understood. To better understand this, we generated profiles of WGCW hotspots in each of the human IGHV genes and found the expected high frequency in complementarity determining regions (CDRs) that encode the antigen binding sites but also an unexpectedly high frequency of WGCW in certain framework (FW) sub-regions. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) of these overlapping AID hotspot profiles revealed that one major difference between IGHV families is the presence or absence of WGCW in a sub-region of FW3 sometimes referred to as "CDR4." Further differences between members of each family (e.g., IGHV1) are primarily determined by their WGCW densities in CDR1. We previously suggested that the co-localization of AID overlapping and Polη hotspots was associated with high mutability of certain IGHV sub-regions, such as the CDRs. To evaluate the importance of this feature, we extended the WGCW profiles, combining them with local densities of Polη (WA) hotspots, thus describing the co-localization of both types of hotspots across all IGHV genes. We also verified that co-localization is associated with higher mutability. PCA of the co-localization profiles showed CDR1 and CDR2 as being the main contributors to variance among IGHV genes, consistent with the importance of these sub-regions in antigen binding. Our results suggest that AID overlapping (WGCW) hotspots alone or in conjunction with Polη (WA/TW) hotspots are key features of evolutionary variation between IGHV genes.
Layer-Structured POSS-Modified Fe-Aminoclay/Carboxymethyl Cellulose Composite as a Superior Adsorbent for the Removal of Radioactive Cesium and Cationic Dyes (2018)

In this work, multifunctional Fe-aminoclay (FeAC)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/ polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) composite (FeAC/CMC/POSS) with layered structure was successfully synthesized and utilized as adsorbent for the removal of cesium ions (Cs+) and cationic dyes methylene blue (MB) and chrysoidine G (CG) from aqueous solutions. The FeAC/CMC/POSS exhibit excellent adsorption capacities for Cs+ ions, MB and CG of 152, 438, and 791 mg g–1, respectively. The adsorption capacities for Cs+ ions, MB and CG are substantially greater than those of many previously reported adsorbents due to (i) the layered morphology of the composite and abundance of amino (−NH2) groups on clay surface and (ii) existence of carboxylate (−COO–) and hydroxyl (−OH–) groups on the CMC backbone, which contribute to the adsorption of large number of Cs+ ions and dye molecules through electrostatic attraction and ion-exchange process. More importantly, the incorporation of POSS increases the interlayer spacing of Fe-aminoclay by intercalation providing room for the encapsulation of Cs+ ions and dye molecules. Owing to its unprecedented adsorption capacity, the devised FeAC/CMC/POSS composite could be a promising organic–inorganic material used to cost-effectively remove the multitude of environmental pollutants.
Antimicrobial Susceptibilities and Resistance Genes of Canadian Isolates of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (2011)

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is the causative agent of porcine pleuropneumonia, a severe and highly contagious respiratory disease responsible for economic losses in the swine industry worldwide. Although antimicrobial resistance in A. pleuropneumoniae has been recently reported in different countries, the current situation in Canada is unknown. The aim of the current study was to determine the antimicrobial susceptibilities of 43 strains of A. pleuropneumoniae isolated in Canada. In addition, antimicrobial resistance genes were detected with an oligonucleotide microarray. The impact of biofilm formation on susceptibility to antimicrobials was also evaluated. All isolates were susceptible to ceftiofur, florfenicol, enrofloxacin, erythromycin, clindamycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and tilmicosin. A low level of resistance was observed toward tiamulin, penicillin, and ampicillin as well as danofloxacin. We observed a high level of resistance to chlortetracycline (88.4%) and oxytetracycline (90.7%). The strains showing resistance to tetracycline antimicrobials contained at least one of the following tet genes: tetB, tetO, tetH, or tetC. Five isolates showed multiresistance to penicillins (bla(ROB-1)), streptomycin [aph3'' (strA)], sulfonamides (sulII), and tetracyclines (tetO) antimicrobials whereas three others showed multiresistance to streptomycin [aph3'' (strA)], sulfonamides (sulII), and tetracyclines (tetB, tetO, or tetB/tetH) antimicrobials. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of tetC gene in Pasteurellaceae. Finally, cells of A. pleuropneumoniae in a biofilm were 100 to 30,000 times more resistant to antimicrobials than their planktonic counterparts.
Supplementary Table 1 from A <i>KRAS</i>-Variant in Ovarian Cancer Acts as a Genetic Marker of Cancer Risk (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from A &lt;i&gt;KRAS&lt;/i&gt;-Variant in Ovarian Cancer Acts as a Genetic Marker of Cancer Risk