gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Strength Evolution of Hydrating Cement Pastes: the Counteracting Effects of Capillary Porosity and Unhydrated Clinker Reinforcements (2013)

In the 1930s, Freyssinet presented a model describing that the strength of cement paste decreases with increasing capillary porosity. He proposed that uniaxial compressive strength of cement pastes is proportional to a volume quotient which is nowadays referred to as "gel-space ratio". In the 1970s, Fagerlund found out that capillary porosity is not the only governing factor because he observed that the final strength of substoichiometric cement pastes increases with decreasing initial water-to-cement mass ratio. However, due to limited microstructural insight, he could only propose an empirical description of the observed effect. We here provide more insight into how microstructural properties of cement paste influence its macroscopic compressive strength, based on the experimentally confirmed elasto-brittle micromechanics model of Pichler and Hellmich [CemConRes, 41(5) 467-476, 2011]. Gel-space ratio is shown to be equal to the solid volume fraction of a "hydrate foam" which is defined at the scale of a few microns and which exhibits a (quasi-)polycrystalline morphology of needle-shaped and isotropically oriented hydration products with capillary porosity filling the space in between. The model confirms that the material strength of cement pastes is not only determined by the capillary porosity, but unhydrated clinker grains (which are embedded, as inclusions, in the hydrate foam) act as reinforcements which increase the macroscopic strength; and that this is practically significant for substoichiometric mixes at large maturities, see Pichler et al. [CemConRes, 45(1), 55-68, 2013].
Application of principal component analysis in dynamic 18F-FDG PET/CT neuroimaging of patients undergoing deep brain stimulation (2014)

2033 Objectives To investigate and evaluate the potential benefits of principal component analysis (PCA) in dynamic 18F-FDG PET/CT neuroimaging of deep brain stimulation (DBS) patients in order to achieve multi-frame data reduction and image quality improvement. Methods Twenty 30-min dynamic 18F-FDG PET scans from 4 patients that were imaged before and after DBS (4 follow-up scans of each patients) on a Gemini TF 64 PET/CT system (Philips Healthcare) with an administration of 171.86 ± 19.64 MBq dose were evaluated. PET listmode data was reconstructed using a 3D iterative algorithm into 30 dynamic frames (1min/frame). PCA was applied to the multi-frame dynamic data sets to form composite single-frame images with variances from each of the frames. Region of interests were placed on brain segmentations and background (CSF). Image quality was reviewed visually and quantitatively using signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) for both the generated PCA and original dynamic images. Results PCA generated single-frame PET image map from original 30-frame dynamic data sets via orthogonal linear transformation. In contrast to the dynamic images, the PCA images were much easier to review and analyze, which revealed the overall variances of the original dynamic data internal structures. Image quality of the PCA images was significantly improved with detailed brain anatomical information identified using the first principal component (PC1), which captured the main kinetic behaviors of dynamic images. Improved SNR and enhanced contrast were identified on the PCA image map compared to the original dynamic PET images. Conclusions PCA can generate lower-dimensional but more informative ‘projection’ images from a multivariate dataset. We demonstrated the utility of PCA in dynamic 18F-FDG PET/CT neuroimaging of DBS patients, and these potential clinical benefits and capabilities by improving image quality with noise reduction, contrast enhancement, and multi-frame integration. Research Support Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Multi-grants support
Insights into the Role of the von Hippel-Lindau Gene Product (2001)

Many adaptive responses to hypoxia involve changes in gene transcription mediated by the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 complex. Central to this is oxygen-dependent proteolysis of the alpha subunit, which has recently been shown to require the von Hippel-Lindau tumour-suppressor protein. This observation provides one mechanism by which inherited defects in the von Hippel-Lindau gene could cause features of the clinical syndrome, and offers insight into the events leading to sporadic clear cell renal cancer. Furthermore, it clearly implicates the von Hippel-Lindau tumour-suppressor protein in the biochemistry of oxygen sensing.
Approaches to achieving high efficiency, long pulse, vacuum backward wave oscillator operation (1996)

This paper describes recent achievements in the study of short pulse (10s of nanoseconds) high power backward wave oscillators (BWOS) and the difficulties associated with applying these results to long pulse (100s of nanoseconds) microwave generation. Finite length effects observed in the short pulse studies were reproduced in electromagnetic particle-in-cell simulations. These results motivated the incorporation of concepts from control theory to design a frequency agile BWO. High temporal and spatial resolution plasma diagnostics will be installed on the long pulse experiment to assess the effects of plasma on pulse shortening.
Social determinants of health: rural Aboriginal men and participatory action research in Queensland Australia (2005)

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people experience higher levels of illness and premature death than the rest of the Australian population. They are also more likely to be incarcerated, experience family violence, have lower levels of education and employment, and suffer from excessive use of alcohol and other substances. Within the Indigenous population, men are faring worse than women as age-specific death rates for men are higher than for women in every age group and between the ages of 15 and 24, the rates are four times higher. For Indigenous people living in rural and remote settings, the situation is even more serious due to inadequate services, isolation, lack of employment opportunities and endemic alcohol and other drug misuse. Despite efforts to improve the situation over the last 30 years, evidence suggests deterioration in many aspects of Aboriginal health and wellbeing. Consequently, Aboriginal community leaders and activists have called for more innovative and empowering interventions that enhance people's capacity to take greater control and responsibility for their situation. This paper analyses a participatory action research (PAR) process which aims to engage and support the members of a rural Aboriginal men’s health group in Yarrabah, north Queensland to, in their own words 'take their rightful place in society'. The paper highlights the potential of participatory research approaches to enable Aboriginal men develop common understandings of their social circumstances as a basis for taking action to improve their situation. The findings of the study have important implications for: a) health promotion interventions in rural and remote Aboriginal settings; and b) the roles that academic researchers can play in supporting and adding value to community-driven initiatives to the mutual benefit of both parties.
Kurze Originalmitteilungen Kinetische Untersuchungcn der Extraktion von Uran und Spaltprodukten aus salpetersauren Lösungen mit Tributylphosphat(TBP)-Verdü;nner (1978)

(1978). Kurze Originalmitteilungen Kinetische Untersuchungcn der Extraktion von Uran und Spaltprodukten aus salpetersauren Lösungen mit Tributylphosphat(TBP)-Verdü;nner. Isotopenpraxis Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies: Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 132-133.
Data from Folate Receptor Beta Designates Immunosuppressive Tumor-Associated Myeloid Cells That Can Be Reprogrammed with Folate-Targeted Drugs (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Although immunotherapies of tumors have demonstrated promise for altering the progression of malignancies, immunotherapies have been limited by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) that prevents infiltrating immune cells from performing their anticancer functions. Prominent among immunosuppressive cells are myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) that inhibit T cells via release of immunosuppressive cytokines and engagement of checkpoint receptors. Here, we explore the properties of MDSCs and TAMs from freshly isolated mouse and human tumors and find that an immunosuppressive subset of these cells can be distinguished from the nonimmunosuppressive population by its upregulation of folate receptor beta (FRβ) within the TME and its restriction to the TME. This FRβ&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; subpopulation could be selectively targeted with folate-linked drugs. Delivery of a folate-targeted TLR7 agonist to these cells (i) reduced their immunosuppressive function, (ii) increased CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell infiltration, (iii) enhanced M1/M2 macrophage ratios, (iv) inhibited tumor growth, (v) blocked tumor metastasis, and (vi) improved overall survival without demonstrable toxicity. These data reveal a broadly applicable strategy across tumor types for reprogramming MDSCs and TAMs into antitumorigenic immune cells using a drug that would otherwise be too toxic to administer systemically. The data also establish FRβ as the first marker that distinguishes immunosuppressive from nonimmunosuppressive subsets of MDSCs and TAMs. Because all solid tumors accumulate MDSCs and TAMs, a general strategy to both identify and reprogram these cells should be broadly applied in the characterization and treatment of multiple tumors.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;FRβ serves as both a means to identify and target MDSCs and TAMs within the tumor, allowing for delivery of immunomodulatory compounds to tumor myeloid cells in a variety of cancers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: Peroxide Reactions with Anion‐Exchanged Layered Double Hydroxide Catalysts (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Angular and polarization properties of a photonic crystal slab mirror (2004)

It was recently demonstrated that a photonic crystal slab can function as a mirror for externally incident light along a normal direction with near-complete reflectivity over a broad wavelength range. We analyze the angular and polarization properties of such photonic crystal slab mirror, and show such reflectivity occurs over a sizable angular range for both polarizations. We also show that such mirror can be designed to reflect one polarization completely, while allowing 100% transmission for the other polarization, thus behaving as a polarization splitter with a complete contrast. The theoretical analysis is validated by comparing with experimental measurements.
Pretreatment of the Esophagus with Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Plasmid/Liposome Complex (MnSOD-PL) before Irradiation Results in Increased Migration and Proliferation of Marrow-Derived Stem Cell Progenitors in the Esophageal Squamous Epithelium. (2006)

Abstract Irradiation of the mouse esophagus increases production of superoxide, nitric oxide, peroxynitrite, and other reactive oxygen species (ROS) for weeks after exposure. ROS production in the esophageal microenvironment may be toxic to cells migrating in to repair irradiation damage. MnSOD-PL gene therapy decreases ROS production. We tested whether such treatment increased the engraftment of circulating marrow origin cells involved in repair of esophageal irradiation damage. C57BL/6NHsd female mice were treated with intraesophageal MnSOD-PL and irradiated 24 hr later along with control mice to 29 Gy to the thoracic cavity. Subgroups of mice were sacrificed at days 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 days after irradiation, esophagus removed, frozen in OCT and sectioned. Sections were stained and apoptosis quantitated. Low level apoptosis was detected for the first 3 days with significant apoptosis on day 5. Mice pretreated with MnSOD-PL had reduced apoptosis (3 ± 1%) compared to control irradiated mice (20 ± 7%) (p= 0.010). Female mice in each 29 Gy esophagus irradiated group were injected I.V. 5 days later with 1 × 105 bone marrow cells from male ROSA mice. Subgroups received MnSOD-PL (100 ug plasmid DNA in 100 ul) 24 hr before irradiation. ROSA donor cells were differentiated from recipient C57BL/6NHsd cells by Y probe and LacZ positive staining and resistance to G418 follows explants in vitro. At sacrifice 14 days after irradiation, esophagus was removed and sorted into side population (SP) and non-side population cells (NSP). Mice that received MnSOD-PL before irradiation, had 42.3 ± 5.3% of NSP cells LacZ+ compared to 10.9 ± 1% in the irradiation only group (p &lt; 0.0001). SP cells from MnSOD-PL treated mice demonstrated 26.5 ± 4.8% LacZ+ cells compared to 9.3 ± 2.0% in the irradiation control group (p = 0.0021). Serial transfer of donor ROSA marrow origin esophageal “stem cell candidates” was carried out by I.V. transfer of 1st generation SP and NSP harvests to 29 Gy thoracic irradiated female recipients. Second generation recipients pretreated with intraesophageal MnSOD-PL who received ROSA male SP cells isolated from first generation mice (also pretreated with MnSOD-PL) demonstrated the highest number of LacZ+ cells (4.7 ± 1.6%). In contrast, no LacZ+, ROSA cells were detected in second generation irradiation control recipients. Therefore, intraesophageal delivery of MnSOD-PL increases stable migration of bone marrow derived progenitors of esophageal squamous epithelium and improves the stability of serially transferred marrow origin, esophageal stem cell candidates.
SiGe heterojunctions in epitaxial vertical surrounding-gate MOSFETs (2002)

Vertical MOSFETs are possible future architectures for memory cells as well as alternatives for conventional CMOS devices. The vertical channel allows growth of epitaxial structures, such as heterostructures, before the pillars are etched. We show how incorporation of SiGe heterostructures in vertical MOSFET devices can be used to delay the floating body effect or to modify hot carrier characteristics.
On the role of artificial intelligence in medical imaging of COVID-19 (2021)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.patter.2021.100269.].
Abstract A29: An Ad5 [E1-, E2b-] platform carrying the TAA CEA(6D) induces CEA directed CMI responses in patients with advanced CEA-expressing colorectal cancer in a phase I/II clinical trial.. (2013)

Abstract First-generation, E1-deleted adenovirus (Ad)-based vectors, although promising platforms for use as cancer vaccines, are limited by the naturally occuring or induced Ad-specific neutralizing antibodies. We hypothesized that Ad5-based vectors with deletions of the E1 and the E2b regions (the latter encoding the DNA polymerase and the preterminal protein) would, by virtue of diminished late phase viral protein expression, avoid immunological clearance and induce more potent immune responses against the encoded tumor antigen transgene in Ad-immune hosts. In this translational study, we demonstrated that delivery of increasing doses of the Ad5 [E1-, E2b-]-CEA(6D) in mice resulted in CEA-specific cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses. In the follow-up human phase I/II study, escalating doses of the vaccine induced higher CEA-specific CMI responses despite the presence of pre-existing Ad5 immunity in a majority (76%) of patients. Importantly, there was minimal toxicity, and overall patient survival (54.1% at 12 months) was similar regardless of pre-existing Ad5 neutralizing antibody titers. The results demonstrate that the novel Ad5 [E1-, E2b-] gene delivery platform can both break tolerance and generate significant CMI responses to the TAA CEA in the setting of both naturally acquired Ad5-specific immunity and/or immunization-induced Ad5 immunity. Citation Format: Michael A. Morse, Elizabeth S. Gabitzsch, Younong Xu, Dua Rajesh, Susan Nguyen, Stephanie Balcaitis, Joseph P. Balint, Jr., Frank Jones. An Ad5 [E1-, E2b-] platform carrying the TAA CEA(6D) induces CEA directed CMI responses in patients with advanced CEA-expressing colorectal cancer in a phase I/II clinical trial.. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology: Multidisciplinary Science Driving Basic and Clinical Advances; Dec 2-5, 2012; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A29.
Table S1 from Results of the ADAPT Phase 3 Study of Rocapuldencel-T in Combination with Sunitinib as First-Line Therapy in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;subsequent standard of care treaments&lt;/p&gt;
CD8+ and CD45RA+ human peripheral blood lymphocytes are potent sources of macrophage inflammatory protein 1α, interleukin‐8 and RANTES (1995)

Abstract The chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP 1α), interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) and RANTES are potent regulators of leukocyte trafficking. Examination of chemokine secretion by human peripheral blood lymphocytes after stimulation with anti‐CD3 or phorbol 12, 13 myristate acetate and ionomycin showed CD8 + cells were the dominant source of MIP 1α and RANTES. Although production of MIP 1α and IL‐8 were similar in pharmacologically stimulated CD4 + CD45RA + , CD4 + CD45RO + , and CD8 + CD45RA + cells, the largest amounts of MIP 1α and RANTES were secreted by CD8 + CD45RO + lymphocytes. A parallel pattern of prolonged chemokine mRNA expression for at least 18 h after activation was observed in the T cell subsets. These results confirm that human T lymphocytes have a unique capacity for secretion of these three chemokines. In addition, CD8 + cells have an unrecognized role in recruiting cells to sites of inflammation, and adult human CD45RA + cells have a physiologically significant secretory capacity.
Calcium Channel β Subunits Differentially Regulate the Inhibition of N-type Channels by Individual Gβ Isoforms (2001)

The direct inhibition of N- and P/Q-type calcium channels by G protein betagamma subunits is considered a key mechanism for regulating presynaptic calcium levels. We have recently reported that a number of features associated with this G protein inhibition are dependent on the G protein beta subunit isoform (Arnot, M. I., Stotz, S. C., Jarvis, S. E., Zamponi, G. W. (2000) J. Physiol. (Lond.) 527, 203-212; Cooper, C. B., Arnot, M. I., Feng, Z.-P., Jarvis, S. E., Hamid, J., Zamponi, G. W. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275, 40777-40781). Here, we have examined the abilities of different types of ancillary calcium channel beta subunits to modulate the inhibition of alpha(1B) N-type calcium channels by the five known different Gbeta subunit subtypes. Our data reveal that the degree of inhibition by a particular Gbeta subunit is strongly dependent on the specific calcium channel beta subunit, with N-type channels containing the beta(4) subunit being less susceptible to Gbetagamma-induced inhibition. The calcium channel beta(2a) subunit uniquely slows the kinetics of recovery from G protein inhibition, in addition to mediating a dramatic enhancement of the G protein-induced kinetic slowing. For Gbeta(3)-mediated inhibition, the latter effect is reduced following site-directed mutagenesis of two palmitoylation sites in the beta(2a) N-terminal region, suggesting that the unique membrane tethering of this subunit serves to modulate G protein inhibition of N-type calcium channels. Taken together, our data suggest that the nature of the calcium channel beta subunit present is an important determinant of G protein inhibition of N-type channels, thereby providing a possible mechanism by which the cellular/subcellular expression pattern of the four calcium channel beta subunits may regulate the G protein sensitivity of N-type channels expressed at different loci throughout the brain and possibly within a neuron.
High-energy x-ray scattering in grazing incidence from nanometer-scale oxide wires (2004)

A method has been developed for analyzing the structure of crystalline nanowires deposited on a crystal surface. It combined in-air grazing-incidence surface scattering with high-energy synchrotron x-ray scattering. The technique has allowed a direct reciprocal-lattice space mapping of the x-ray intensities scattered from ultrathin nanowires. Using this method, the sheet-shape diffraction emanating from ultrathin NiO wires was observed. The average nanowire–nanowire distance of 46 nm and a crystallographic domain size of approximately 7.5 nm across the nanowire were evaluated.
Elm leaf scorch: abnormal physiology in American elms infected with fastidious, xylem-inhabiting bacteria (1986)

Stem elongation, leaf area, xylem function, water relations, and stem starch reserves were compared between leaf scorch affected American elms (Ulmusamericana L.) infected with fastidious, xylem-inhabiting bacteria and symptomless trees. Stem elongation was significantly lower in elm leaf scorch affected trees than in symptomless trees, while no differences occurred in leaf area. Stem hydraulic conductivity in affected trees decreased from June through September, but increased during the same period in symptomless trees. Dye infiltration rates and number of functional vessels in stems collected from leaf scorch affected trees in September were significantly lower than in symptomless trees. Changes in stem water potential paralleled xylem infiltration rates. No differences in any measured parameters occurred between elm leaf scorch affected and symptomless trees in June prior to symptom onset. Once symptoms developed, stem water potential was more negative in affected trees than in symptomless trees. Mean stem starch levels were significantly higher in symptomless trees than in symptomatic trees. Results confirm that water deficit in leaf scorch affected trees may be attributed to xylem dysfunction possibly caused by bacterial occlusion. Growth reduction can be associated with decreased starch reserves induced by reduced water translocation and reduced effective photosynthetic area caused by the foliar necrosis of elm leaf scorch.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Enteropathogenic Bacterium Campylobacter jejuni Strain cj255 (2015)

The enteropathogen Campylobacter jejuni is a global health disaster, being one of the leading causes of bacterial gastroenteritis. Here, we present the draft genome sequence of C. jejuni strain cj255, isolated from a chicken source in Islamabad, Pakistan. The draft genome sequence will aid in epidemiological studies and quarantine of this broad-host-range pathogen.
Catalyse hétérogène - Mode d’action des catalyseurs (2019)

Chimisorption, réaction superficielle et désorption, découvrez les étapes physiques et chimiques très spécifiques impliquées dans la cinétique de la catalyse hétérogène. Ce domaine pluridisciplinaire nécessite des connaissances à la fois sur les catalyseurs solides et sur la cinétique des réactions en jeu.