gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal Characterization of a Conical Swirler Flow Field Under Strong Forcing (2009)

In this study, a spatiotemporal characterization of forced and unforced flows of a conical swirler is performed based on particle image velocimetry (PIV) and laser Doppler anemometry (LDA). The measurements are performed at a Reynolds number of 33,000 and a swirl number of 0.71. Axisymmetric forcing is applied to approximate the effects of thermoacoustic instabilities on the flow field at the burner inlet and outlet. The actuation frequencies are set at the natural flow frequency (Strouhal number Stf≈0.92) and two higher frequencies (Stf≈1.3 and 1.55) that are not harmonically related to the natural frequency. Phase-averaged measurement are used as a first step to visualize the coherent flow structures. Second, proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is applied to the PIV data to characterize the effect of the actuation on the fluctuating flow. Measurements indicate a typical natural flow instability of helical nature in the unforced case. The associated induced pressure and flow oscillations travel upstream to the swirler inlet where generally fuel is injected. This observation is of critical importance with respect to the stability of the combustion. Harmonic actuation at different frequencies and amplitudes does not affect the mean velocity profile at the outlet, while the coherent velocity fluctuations are strongly influenced at both the inlet and outlet. On one hand, the dominant helical mode is replaced by an axisymmetric vortex ring if the flow is forced at the natural flow frequency. On the other hand, the natural flow frequency prevails at the outlet under forcing at higher frequencies and POD analysis indicates that the helical structure is still present. The presented results give new insight into the flow dynamics of a swirling flow burner under strong forcing.
5-GHz high temperature superconducting filter using coplanar waveguide quarter wavelength resonator (2004)

This paper presents a 5-GHz high temperature superconducting (TITS) filter that employs coplanar waveguide quarter wavelength resonators. The fabricated four-pole Chebyshev HTS bandpass filter applies photolithography and ion milling to form a precise filter circuit pattern on Yttrium Barium Copper Oxide film. The filter has a center frequency of 5.02 GHz, a 4.0% (200 MHz) equal ripple bandwidth, 0.13 dB ripple, and 0.22 dB average insertion loss, all measured at 60 K. This insertion loss is quite low compared to that of the HTS filters employing CPW resonators reported so far.
The solid-body reverberating ultrasound communications channel and its OFDM interference (2022)

In this paper we present an analytical approach to the solid-state ultrasound communications channel. Channel reverberations and the long associated channel delay spreads pose the possibility that the channel length exceeds that of the moderate cyclic prefix in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system, resulting in intersymbol and intercarrier interference. We present a channel model based on the propagation material characteristics and evaluate the extent and impact of the intrinsic OFDM interferences. We derive an analytical expression and show with simulations that the intersymbol and intercarrier interference (ISI and ICI) are spectrally concentrated to the lower frequencies of the OFDM multiplex.
Effects of Stroma on ER+ Breast Cancer Cell Metastasis (2017)

Breast cancer is one of the most wide-spread diseases among women in America. If the cancer is local, it is easily controlled by surgical resection. However, if the cancer cells metastasize, patient survival is significantly reduced. 70% of breast cancers can be targeted through estrogen receptors (ER) on the membrane, with compounds such as tamoxifen. However, tamoxifen shows unreliable outcomes on different patients and it is believed that the ineffectiveness of tamoxifen is related to the epithetical-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cancer cells. To address this problem, we are designing a system that stimulates metastasis activation with the aim of incorporating the results in target identification for drugs. To mimic the cellular microenvironment in both 3D and 2D, scaffold and plate seeding of T47D cell line, an ER+ breast cancer cell line, and human mammary fibroblast (HMF) has been utilized. To understand the activation state of secondary metastasis and identify the presence of drug-targeted receptors, IHC staining has been used. Only co-cultured samples of T47D and HMF in 3D showed EMT. The morphology of both cells, when kept isolated from each other, did not change, but epithelial markers appeared at the cytoplasm instead of the membrane after 7-days of co-culture. Our results suggest that communication of breast cancer cells with fibroblasts in 3D initiates secondary metastasis. We hypothesize that the EMT leads to loss of estrogen receptors and reduce medicines efficacy.
Advanced Combustion Code: Overall Description, Prediction of a Jet Diffusion Flame and Combustor Flowfields (1998)

The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code that has been used extensively for combustion applications within GE is CONCERT. CONCERT is a fully elliptic body-fitted CFD code based on pressure correction techniques that solves the three-dimensional (3-D) flow in an aircraft engine combustor. The geometry representation is given by single block structured grids. This paper gives an overview and presents some early applications of the Advanced Combustion Code (ACC) which is currently being developed to further advance the use of Computational Combustion Dynamics (CCD) at GE. ACC will have complex geometry representation capability via unstructured multiblock grids, and will comprise of a number of advanced combustion/spray/turbulence models that are being developed in a modularized fashion. The ACC solver is based on a fully implicit pressure correction algorithm with colocated grids. The development of ACC is taking place by comparing, as far as possible, the results against corresponding CONCERT calculations. Results of a systematic evaluation of various combustion models within the framework of a non-swirling jet diffusion flame using ACC will be presented. Full 3-D combustion calculations have been performed in the dome of single and multiple annular combustors: the corresponding flow and temperature fields and emissions predictions will be presented.
High optical polarization ratio from semipolar (202¯1¯) blue-green InGaN/GaN light-emitting diodes (2011)

The optical polarization ratio of spontaneous emission was investigated by electroluminescence measurements for semipolar (202¯1¯) InGaN/GaN light-emitting diodes, covering the blue to green spectral range. Devices fabricated on semipolar (202¯1¯) substrates exhibit polarization ratios ranging from 0.46 at 418 nm to 0.67 at 519 nm. These polarization ratios are significantly higher than those reported on semipolar (202¯1) devices. The valence band energy separation is extracted from spectral measurements and is consistent with the increased polarization ratio and theoretical predictions. Quantum well interdiffusion induced valence band mixing is suggested as a possible explanation for the low experimental value of polarization ratio observed for the (202¯1) devices.
Characterization of Nanosized Material Extracted from Clear Suspensions for MFI Zeolite Synthesis (1999)

The silica species contained in an aged clear suspension, which upon heating gives rise to the crystallization of Silicalite-1, were extracted with 80% efficiency using a sequence of acidification, salting out, phase transfer into organic solvent, and freeze-drying methods. This silica powder was characterized by X-ray scattering, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and 29Si magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance. These techniques gave evidence for the presence of a very specific morphology, corresponding to slab shaped particles, with dimensions of 1.3 × 4.0 × 4.0 nm. The nanoslabs have the MFI structure with nine channel intersections per particle, each containing a TPA cation. The identity of the extracted nanoslabs with the species in suspension is evidenced with in situ and ex situ X-ray scattering.
Modulation Spectroscopy of Subbandgap Light in Reduced TiO2 Electrodes (1996)

The charge‐transfer dynamics across a ‐aqueous electrolyte interface was studied by modulation spectroscopy of subbandgap light. A chopped light from a He‐Ne laser was illuminated, and the resultant signals were detected by a phase‐sensitive detector (a lock‐in amplifier). Although light energy (∼1.97 eV) is too small to generate electron‐hole pairs by a band‐to‐band transition of with a bandgap energy of 3.05 eV, photocurrent could be detected by the lock‐in amplifier. The real and imaginary parts of the photocurrent could be well characterized by an arc plot similar to the Cole‐Cole plot, from the analysis of which it is concluded that the electron transfer takes place from the valence band via midgap states to the semiconductor bulk. It is also concluded that the defect doping under a hydrogen atmosphere introduces deep levels, penetrating deep into the bulk.
Noise-predictive maximum-likelihood (NPML) detection for the magnetic recording channel (2002)

Sequence estimation detectors for the digital magnetic recording channel are described that are based on noise-predictive partial-response equalization. Called noise-predictive maximum-likelihood (NPML) detectors, they arise by imbedding a noise prediction/whitening process into the branch metric computation of a Viterbi detector. NPML detectors can be realized in a form that allows easy RAM table look-up implementation of the imbedded feedback. The noise prediction/whitening mechanism can also be applied to detectors using finite delay tree search algorithms instead of the Viterbi algorithm. Simulation results obtained for Lorentzian channels show that a judicious tradeoff between performance and state complexity and/or the length of the decision feedback leads to practical schemes offering substantial performance gains over both PRML and EPRML detectors. An important practical advantage of the family of NPML detectors is that they can be conveniently integrated into existing PRML architectures.
Nanoengineering a library of metallic nanostructures using a single microfluidic reactor (2016)

Microfluidic synthesis in a microfabricated reactor enables fast and facile synthesis of a wide library of metallic nanostructures: monometallic, bimetallic, anisotropic growth and heterostructures. Specific nanostructures are realized by selection of flow pattern and synthesis parameters. The technique is shown to have advantages over conventional batch technologies. Not only does it allow faster scalable synthesis, but also realization of nanostructures hitherto not reported such as Pt-Ru, Pt-Ni and Pt-Co nanodendrites, Pt-Pd heterostructures, Ag-Pd core-shell NPs, Au-Pd nanodumbbells and Au-Pd nanosheets.
CONTINUING RESULTS OF A MULTI-CENTER TRIAL OF A NEW GENERATION COOLED TRANS URETHRAL MICROWAVE THERAPY FOR BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA (2008)

You have accessJournal of Urology1 Apr 2008CONTINUING RESULTS OF A MULTI-CENTER TRIAL OF A NEW GENERATION COOLED TRANS URETHRAL MICROWAVE THERAPY FOR BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA Lance A Mynderse, Claus G Roehrborn, Alan W Partin, Glenn M Preminger, Eric Cote, and Steven Madej Lance A MynderseLance A Mynderse More articles by this author , Claus G RoehrbornClaus G Roehrborn More articles by this author , Alan W PartinAlan W Partin More articles by this author , Glenn M PremingerGlenn M Preminger More articles by this author , Eric CoteEric Cote More articles by this author , and Steven MadejSteven Madej More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(08)61977-1AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "CONTINUING RESULTS OF A MULTI-CENTER TRIAL OF A NEW GENERATION COOLED TRANS URETHRAL MICROWAVE THERAPY FOR BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA." The Journal of Urology, 179(4S), p. 676 © 2008 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 179Issue 4SApril 2008Page: 676 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2008 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Lance A Mynderse More articles by this author Claus G Roehrborn More articles by this author Alan W Partin More articles by this author Glenn M Preminger More articles by this author Eric Cote More articles by this author Steven Madej More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Structure-activity relationship and biochemical evaluation of novel fibroblast activation protein and prolyl endopeptidase inhibitors with α-ketoamide warheads (2021)

Peptidomimetic inhibitors of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) are regarded as promising tools for tumor targeting in vivo. Even though several peptidomimetic compounds with nanomolar potency have been described, broad chemical space for further modification remained unexplored. Therefore, we set to analyze the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of pseudopeptide compound series with α-ketoamide warheads in order to explore the contributions of the P1' and P2' moieties to the inhibitory potency. A series of novel inhibitors bearing varied P1' and/or P2' moieties was synthesized by combining a Passerini reaction-Amine Deprotection-Acyl Migration (PADAM) approach with peptide coupling and subsequent oxidation. The resulting compounds inhibited FAP and the related prolyl endopeptidase (PREP) with potencies in the nanomolar to sub-nanomolar range. The most potent FAP inhibitor IOCB22-AP446 (6d, IC<sub>50</sub> = 89 pM) had about 36-fold higher inhibition potency than the most potent inhibitor published to date. The compounds were selective over FAP's closest homolog DPP-IV, were stable in human and mouse plasma and in mouse microsomes, and displayed minimal cytotoxicity in tissue cultures.
Rotation magnet sputtering: Damage-free novel magnetron sputtering using rotating helical magnet with very high target utilization (2009)

Novel magnetron-sputtering equipment, called rotation magnet sputtering (ROT-MS), was developed to overcome various disadvantages of current magnetron-sputtering equipment. Disadvantages include (1) very low target utilization of less than 20%, (2) difficulty in obtaining uniform deposition on the substrate, and (3) charge-up damages and ion-bombardment-induced damages resulting from very high electron temperature (&amp;gt;3eV) and that the substrate is set at the plasma excitation region. In ROT-MS, a number of moving high-density plasma loops are excited on the target surface by rotating helical magnets, resulting in very high target utilization with uniform target erosion and uniform deposition on the substrate. This excellent performance can be principally maintained even if equipment size increases for very large-substrate deposition. Because strong horizontal magnetic fields (&amp;gt;0.05T) are produced within a very limited region just at the target surface, very low electron-temperature plasmas (&amp;lt;2.5eV for Ar plasma and &amp;lt;1eV for direct-current-excited Xe plasma) are excited at the very limited region adjacent to the target surface with a combination of grounded plate closely mounted on the strong magnetic field region. Consequently, the authors can establish charge-up damage-free and ion-bombardment-induced damage-free processes. ROT-MS has been applied for thin-film formation of LaB6, which is well known as a stable, low-work-function bulk-crystal material for electron emissions. The work function of the LaB6 film decreased to 2.8eV due to enhanced (100)-orientation crystallinity and reduced resistivity realized by adjusting the flux of low-energy bombarding ions impinging on the depositing surface, which work very efficiently, improving the performance of the electron emission devices.
A Case-Control Study to Investigate the Serotypes of S. suis Isolates by Multiplex PCR in Nursery Pigs in Ontario, Canada (2020)

<b>:</b> <i>Streptococcus suis</i> naturally inhabits the tonsils and nasal cavities of pigs. Some strains can cause systemic infection, leading to a wide range of diseases. A case-control study was conducted to (i) examine serotypes isolated from systemic sites (blood/meninges/spleen) in cases, (ii) determine whether serotypes in systemic sites were found in upper respiratory sites (tonsil/nasal cavity) of the same cases, and (iii) determine the serotypes in upper respiratory sites of case and farm and pen- matched controls. In total, 606 samples from 128 pigs were cultured for <i>S. suis</i>. The isolates were examined for presence of <i>gdh</i> and <i>recN</i> genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and were identified as <i>S. suis</i> if both genes were present. The <i>S. suis</i> isolates were then serotyped using a two step-multiplex PCR. Serotypes 9 (n = 9), (2,1/2) (n = 7) and untypable isolates (n = 7) were most commonly found in systemic sites. Detection of serotypes 9 (<i>p</i> = 0.03) in upper respiratory sites were positively associated with their detection in systemic sites of cases, while a trend was seen with serotype (2,1/2) (<i>p</i> = 0.07). Last, no association between serotypes recovered from upper respiratory sites of cases and controls could be detected. Untypable isolates were detected in high frequency, which warrants further investigation. This study confirms that a variety of serotypes can be found in commercial swine production and shows a difference in serotypes recovered from systemic sites in pigs with clinical signs of <i>S. suis</i> infections.
Studies of chemical reactivity in the condensed phase. II. Vibrational relaxation of iodine in liquid xenon following geminate recombination (1986)

The geminate recombination of iodine atoms in xenon solutions, has been studied by monitoring the transient absorptions at wavelengths between 350 and 1000 nm.(AIP) ;m
Computational Study of Geometrical Designs for Source/Drain Contacts to Reduce Parasitic Resistance in Extremely Scaled MOSFETs (2019)

Comprehensive simulation results are reported for the source/drain (S/D) geometry effects on the drive current of various n-type (Si, In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.53</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.47</sub> As, Ge) and p-type (Si, Ge) metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs). Full-band Monte Carlo (MC) simulations are run for different S/D structures (“raised” versus “lateral”) at a relevant International Technology Roadmap on Semiconductors node (gate length 14 nm). The “lateral” S/D gives higher drive currents (lower parasitic resistance) than the “raised” S/D because carriers do not need to make large momentum changes through scattering to get injected into the channel or to get collected by the drain, unlike in the “raised” S/D where 90°-turns are required. The S/D geometry effect is significant for novel materials with light effective mass and low scattering rate (e.g., ~20% on-current change in In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.53</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.47</sub> As) while it is still not negligible (up to ~5%) for conventional Si. The effect is more pronounced with small contact resistivity and low-S/D doping density. The classical model (drift-diffusion) captures only a part of the S/D geometry effect. In MOSFET benchmarking for future technology nodes, it should be critical to consider the S/D structure effect using rigorous models (such as MC) to correctly project the drive current performance, especially for novel materials with high mobility.
Stereochemistry of the reduction of 3β-benzoyloxycholest-5-en-4-one with sodium borohydride (1982)

Reduction of 3β-benzoyloxycholest-5-en-4-one (3) with sodium borohydride under various conditions affords only minor amounts of 3β-benzoyloxycholest-5-en-4β-ol (2a). The major product is the 4α-isomer (6). Using sodium borodeuteride it has been shown that the 3β-benzoyloxycholest-5-en-4β-ol obtained is deuteriated at the 3α-position in relatively alkaline conditions, but at 4α- under conditions near neutrality. A plausible mechanism has been proposed for this interesting result.
A machine learning approach to cognitive radar detection (2015)

We consider the requirements of cognitive radar detection in the presence of non-Gaussian clutter. A pair of machine learning approaches based on non-linear transformations of order statistics are examined with the goal of adaptively determining the optimal detection threshold within the low sample support regime. The impact of these algorithms on false alarm rate is also considered. It is demonstrated that the adaptive threshold estimate is effective even when the distribution in question is unknown to the machine learning algorithm.
Combined Renal-Pulmonary Extracorporeal Support with Low Blood Flow Techniques: A Retrospective Observational Study (CICERO Study) (2021)

ECCO2R-CRRT was effective and safe in patients with aeCOPD and ARDS associated with AKI.
Supplemental Table 1 from Circulating Tumor DNA as an Early Indicator of Response to T-cell Transfer Immunotherapy in Metastatic Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;BRAF V600E allele frequencies for all data points&lt;/p&gt;
Using Voice Segments to Improve Artist Classification of Music (2002)

Is it easier to identify musicians by listening to their voices or their music? We show that for a small set of pop and rock songs, automatically-located singing segments form a more reliable basis for classification than using the entire track, suggesting that the singer‘s voice is more stable across different performances, compositions, and transformations due to audio engineering techniques than the instrumental background. The accuracy of a system trained to distinguish among a set of 21 artists improves by about 15% (relative to the baseline) when based on segments containing a strong vocal component, whereas the system suffers by about 35% (relative) when music-only segments are used. In another experiment on a smaller set, however, performance drops by about 35% (relative) when the training and test sets are selected from different albums, suggesting that the system is learning album-specific properties possibly related to audio production techniques, musical stylistic elements, or instrumentation, even when attention is directed toward the supposedly more stable vocal regions.
Retrieval of old memories: the temporofrontal hypothesis (1997)

Extensive neuropsychological testing is reported on two chronic patients with combined temporopolar and prefrontal damage, dominantly left-hemispheric, and, as control, one chronic patient with bi-hemispheric prefrontal damage. The principal finding is that combined temporofrontal damage, but not substantial prefrontal damage alone, results in marked retrograde memory deficits while leaving intelligence and new learning relatively unimpaired. Although their general world knowledge was good, the temporopolar patients demonstrated retrograde memory impairments on several tests of past events and faces of previously famous people. With respect to retrograde autobiographical memory, one of the temporopolar patients was severely impaired and the other was judged to be moderately impaired. The control patient appeared to be normal. These results, together with corresponding data from related single case and dynamic imaging studies, strongly support a crucial role of the temporofrontal junction area in the ecphory of old memories.