gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spatially Averaged Velocity Field Imaging By NMR (1988)

A technique for the measurement of the mean and variance of velocity field in each finite voxel by nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) is introduced. Theoretical formalism and experimental results are presented. The experimental findings are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions.
A New Perspective of Post-Weld Baking Effect on Al-Steel Resistance Spot Weld Properties through Machine Learning and Finite Element Modeling (2022)

The root cause of post-weld baking on the mechanical performance of Al-steel dissimilar resistance spot welds (RSWs) has been determined by machine learning (ML) and finite element modeling (FEM) in this study. A deep neural network (DNN) model was constructed to associate the spot weld performance with the joint attributes, stacking materials, and other conditions, using a comprehensive experimental dataset. The DNN model positively identified that the post-weld baking reduces the joint performance, and the extent of degradation depends on the thickness of stacking materials. A three-dimensional finite element (FE) model was then used to investigate the root cause and the mechanism of the baking effect. It revealed that the formation of high thermal stresses during baking, from the mismatch of thermal expansion between steel and Al alloy, causes damage and cracking of the brittle intermetallic compound (IMC) formed at the interface of the weld nugget during welding. This in turn reduces the joint performance by promoting undesirable interfacial fracture when the welds were subjected to externally applied loads. The FEM model further revealed that increase in structural stiffness, because of increase in steel sheet thickness, reduces the thermal stresses at the interface caused by the thermal expansion mismatch and consequently lessens the detrimental effect of post-weld baking on the joint performance.
Commissioning of Fermilab's Electron Cooling System for 8-GeV Antiprotons (2006)

A 4.3-MeV electron cooling system [1] has been installed at Fermilab in the Recycler antiproton storage ring and is currently being commissioned. The cooling system is designed to assist accumulation of 8.9-GeV/c antiprotons for the Tevatron collider operations. This paper reports on the progress of the electron beam commissioning effort as well as on detailed plans of demonstrating the cooling of antiprotons.
Understanding the Role of Thermal Processing in High Performance Solution Processed Small Molecule Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells (2012)

Abstract Two similar structural versions of a molecular donor, in which two terminal hexyl‐substituted bithiophene units are connected to a central dithienosilole (DTS) through electron deficient thiadiazolopyridine (PT) units, and which differ only in the position of pyridyl N‐atoms, were explored to study the interplay of crystallization and vertical phase segregation as a result of annealing. The donor materials exhibit greatly contrasting photovoltaic performance despite similarity in molecule structure. The difference in position of the pyridal N‐atom which points away (distal configuration; compound 1) or towards (proximal configuration; compound 2) from the DTS core, modifies the aggregation/molecular packing in the solid state, resulting in differences in the phase segregation and formation of crystalline domains. A systematic study of the temperature dependence of photovoltaic performance reveals a parameter trade‐off: as annealing temperature increases, higher donor crystallinity and ordering results, but increased donor segregation near the surface or decrease in electrode selectivity also occurs, resulting in increased interfacial recombination and hence reduction in open‐circuit voltage ( V oc ). The higher crystalline nature of 2 is found to have a higher impact on cell performance despite a competing undesired effect at the donor/aluminum cathode interface, contributing to its superior performance to 1 when blended with [6,6]phenyl‐C 61 ‐butyric acid methyl ester (PC 61 BM). Molecule 2 exhibits a performance increase of a factor of two after thermal annealing at 100 °C, achieving a power conversion efficiency of 5.7%.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIVITY OF MOLYBDENUM OXO‐IMIDO COMPLEXES WITH ORGANOPHOSPHINES: GENERATION AND CHEMISTRY OF (MOV(NTOL)(S2CNET2)2)2O AND MOIV(NTOL)(S2CNET2)2 (1985)

Abstract Der Mo(VI)‐Komplex (I) reagiert mit 0.5 Äquiv der Phosphine L unter Bildung des zweikernigen Mo(V)‐ Komplexes (II) neben den entsprechenden Phosphinoxiden.
Biologisch basierte Basismoleküle (2013)

Abstract Aus Biomasse hergestellte Bausteine für höherwertige Chemikalien und Produkte gibt es immer häufiger. Bereits heute sind zirka 13 Prozent der in der deutschen chemischen Industrie eingesetzten Rohstoffe biobasiert. Wie wird die Entwicklung weitergehen?
In-situ monitoring of megasonic cleaning (2008)

Acoustic agitation is used in ultrasonic cleaning to induce a physical force to remove nanoparticles in semiconductor processing. The performance of cleaning tools is commonly quantified ex-situ by the particle removal efficiency η (i.e. the ratio of the remaining to the original particle concentration). The resulting η -wafer maps often reveal spatial nonuniformities related to tool design. The local study of the cleaning dynamics, quantified by the removal frequency (fR[s-1]) also indicates that the density of cleaning events over a wafer can be strongly non homogeneous. Because the sound frequencies used in industrial tools are in the MHz range, visualization of the cavitating bubbles (resonant size 3 μm) is highly challenging, both in time and in spatial resolution. Considering that the cleaning effect of a cavitating bubble is permanent a method is presented here to determine the acoustic cleaning event size (Aevent[μm2]) and the event flux (φ[μm-2s-1]) through visualization techniques. The method consists of time-resolved imaging of the removal of a nanoparticle layer deposited on a transparent substrate. The microscopic cleaning activity can then be correlated to the actual removal frequencies fR through the relation fR=φAevent to further clarify the cleaning mechanisms in industrial tools.
Central venous oxygen saturation and blood lactate levels during cardiopulmonary bypass are associated with outcome after pediatric cardiac surgery (2010)

The combination of a continuous monitoring of central venous oxygen saturation and serial measurements of blood lactate during cardiopulmonary bypass may offer a predictive index for major morbidity after cardiac operations in pediatric patients. This study generates the hypothesis that strategies aimed to preserve oxygen delivery during cardiopulmonary bypass may reduce the occurrence of low values of central venous oxygen saturation and elevated lactate levels. Further studies should consider this hypothesis and take into account other time-related factors, such as time of exposure to low values of central venous oxygen saturation and kinetics of lactate formation.
Table S1 from Phase I Trial of N-803, an IL15 Receptor Agonist, with Rituximab in Patients with Indolent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Mass Cytometry Antibody Panel&lt;/p&gt;
A 1,3-phenyl-linked hydantoin oligomer scaffold as a β-strand mimetic (2012)

A synthetic scaffold that mimics a peptide β-strand has been designed and synthesised based on a 1,3-phenyl-linked hydantoin oligomer. The conformational preferences of this oligomer were investigated using molecular modelling and solution NMR experiments and suggest a planar conformation that accurately mimics the i, i + 2 and i + 4 residues of a peptide β-strand.
Ambit-Process based Spatial-Wideband MIMO Channel Model for Sub-THz Urban Microcellular Communication (2023)

The design and development of sub-Terahertz (sub-THz) cellular systems entail the need for new channel models that can precisely predict channel characteristics beyond 100 GHz in outdoor and dynamic environments. This work proposes a novel multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) channel model for cellular communication, developed within the framework of a class of spatio temporal stochastic processes called ambit-process. The modeling methodology effectively captures the typicalities of sub-THz propagation like molecular absorption and scattering of the evolving multipaths while accounting for the propagation delay of electromagnetic waves across large array apertures deployed at the transmitter and the receiver. This allows for an accurate characterization of the spatial-wideband effect along with other relevant spatio-temporal attributes of the channel. Numerical simulations indicate a good level of agreement between the spectral efficiency and spatio-temporal correlation of the proposed model against a state-of-the-art stochastic Terahertz (THz) channel model and measurements reported in literature.
Endocrine and Growth Abnormalities in 4H Leukodystrophy Caused by Variants in POLR3A, POLR3B, and POLR1C (2020)

Our results confirm pubertal abnormalities and short stature are the most common endocrine features seen in 4H leukodystrophy. However, we noted that endocrine abnormalities are typically underinvestigated in this patient population. A prospective study is required to formulate evidence-based recommendations for management of the endocrine manifestations of this disorder.
First and second-order PMD impact over 100 Gbps polarisation-multiplexed multi-band coherent OFDM system under realistic &#x201C;field&#x201D; conditions (2011)

We experimentally investigate the impact of first and second-order PMD on the performance of a 100 Gbps polarisation-multiplexed multi-band coherent OFDM system. The signal polarisation is randomly scrambled before the PMD emulator with 70°/ms speed, for more relevant “field” conditions.
Enhancing Plasmonic Spectral Tunability with Anomalous Material Dispersion (2020)

The field confinement of plasmonic systems enables spectral tunability under structural variations or environmental perturbations, which is the principle for various applications including nanorulers, sensors, and color displays. Here, we propose and demonstrate that materials with anomalous dispersion, such as Ge in the visible, improve spectral tunability. We introduce our proposal with a semianalytical guided mode picture. Using Ge-based film (Ag/Au)-coupled gap plasmon resonators, we implement two architectures and demonstrate the improved tunability with single-particle dark-field scattering, ensemble reflection, and color generation. We observe three-fold enhancement of tunability with Ge nanodisks compared with that of Si, a normal-dispersion material in the visible. The structural color generation of large array systems, made of inversely fabricated Ge-Ag resonators, exhibits a wide gamut. Our results introduce anomalous material dispersion as an extra degree of freedom to engineer the spectral tunability of plasmonic systems, especially relevant for actively tunable plasmonics and metasurfaces.
Display. Special Contribution from Asia Display/IDW'01. A High-Quality Picture Technology for PDPs with Delta Tri-color Arrangement Cell Structure. (2002)

We developed a high-quality picture technology for PDPs with the DelTA (Delta Tri-color Arrangement) cell structure. A 42-inch PDP with the DelTA cell structure was found to have disordering in the display of horizontal lines. Using subjective evaluations, we demonstrated that picture quality can be improved by using a low pass filter, which reduces disordering without decreasing picture sharpness. To increase the vertical resolution, we developed the double density scan (DDS) processing technique. Using the DDS technique, we achieved a vertical resolution of over 700 TV lines on a 480-line DelTA-PDP. Comparing the vertical MTF characteristics of a 512-line DelTA-PDP with those of a 768-line square-cell PDP, and considering the effect of the format conversion, we demonstrated that a 512-line DelTA-PDP can be expressed to areas of higher spatial frequencies.
Enabling Saccade Latency Measurements with Consumer-Grade Cameras (2018)

Eye movements can be affected by a number of neurological, neuromuscular, and neurodegenerative disorders that are important to diagnose and track longitudinally. To enable unobtrusive tracking of disease progression, we tailored and evaluated a set of candidate eye-tracking algorithms to operate on video sequences obtained from an iPhone 6, for accurate and robust determination of the time between the presentation of a visual stimulus and the beginning of the eye movement toward the stimulus (saccade latency). Additionally, we proposed a model-based method to determine the onset of the eye movement and demonstrate that the associated residual normalized root-mean-squared error can be used to automatically flag saccade tracings that should not be included in further analysis. A variant of the iTracker algorithm performs most robustly and results in mean saccade latencies and associated standard deviations on iPhone recordings that are essentially the same as those obtained from simultaneous recordings using a high-end, high-speed camera. Our results suggest that accurate and robust saccade latency determination is feasible using consumer-grade cameras and therefore might enable unobtrusive tracking of neurodegenerative disease progression.
Zygosity Detection by Next Generation Sequencing in a Clinical Laboratory (P1.329) (2014)

OBJECTIVE: To compare the analytical accuracy of variant and zygosity detection between next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology and Sanger sequencing. BACKGROUND: NGS technology is being increasingly adopted for clinical diagnostics. Zygosity calling remains an issue for clinical diagnostics despite steady improvements in analysis pipelines and correct genotyping using NGS. DESIGN/METHODS: A total of 10,641 pathogenic and neutral variants from 14 genes associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) were detected utilizing NGS technology. Novel variants, low-coverage variants, and variants with an atypical allele balance were confirmed with Sanger sequencing. RESULTS: The combined dataset (n=10,640) showed that the percentage of variant reads ranged from 12% to 83% for heterozygotes (n=7,403) with 99.91% (7,396/7,403) within 20% to 80% and ranged from 93% to 100% for all homozygotes (n=3,237). Atypical allele balance (<20%; 83% to 92%) variants (n=7) and low coverage (<20x coverage depth) variants (n=17) were all resolved by Sanger sequencing. Only one heterozygous variant, with 83% variant reads, was found to be homozygous by Sanger sequencing. The zygosity of the dataset containing novel variant (n=214) were all confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The percentage of novel variant reads for heterozygotes (n=204) ranged from 12% to 75% and for homozygotes (n=10) from 96% to 100%. CONCLUSIONS: We report that the fraction of variant reads in our combined dataset is typically between 20% and 80% for heterozygous variants and 蠅93% for homozygous variants by NGS. These quality control parameters serve to identify uncertain NGS zygosity calls that may need Sanger sequencing confirmation. Our data supports that NGS has a 99% analytical accuracy for zygosity detection using our assay to detect mutations in 14 CMT genes. Study Supported by: Quest Diagnostics
WARAAN: a higher-order adaptive routing algorithm for wireless multimedia in wandering networks (2003)

The wandering network (WN) (see Simeonov, P.L., Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. on Parallel & Distributed Processing - IPDPS'02, 2002) is a new type of communications architecture defined by: (1) flexible, multi-modal specialization of network nodes as virtual subnetworks; (2) mobility and virtualization of the net functions in hardware and software; (3) self-organization as multi-feedback-based topology-on-demand. Network elements can contain several exchangeable modules capable of executing diverse network functions in parallel. These functions can be invoked, transported to or generated in the nodes upon delivery of mobile code containing programs about the node's behaviour. An essential characteristic of the WN approach is the inherent ability to spread out instantly information about architectural changes among the nodes by encoding executable re-construction (genetic) instructions within the transported active packets - as "network" genes, N-genes.
Histone H3 Lysine 9 Acetylation Obstructs ATM Activation and Promotes Ionizing Radiation Sensitivity in Normal Stem Cells (2016)

Dynamic spatiotemporal modification of chromatin around DNA damage is vital for efficient DNA repair. Normal stem cells exhibit an attenuated DNA damage response (DDR), inefficient DNA repair, and high radiosensitivity. The impact of unique chromatin characteristics of stem cells in DDR regulation is not yet recognized. We demonstrate that murine embryonic stem cells (ES) display constitutively elevated acetylation of histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9ac) and low H3K9 tri-methylation (H3K9me3). DNA damage-induced local deacetylation of H3K9 was abrogated in ES along with the subsequent H3K9me3. Depletion of H3K9ac in ES by suppression of monocytic leukemia zinc finger protein (MOZ) acetyltransferase improved ATM activation, DNA repair, diminished irradiation-induced apoptosis, and enhanced clonogenic survival. Simultaneous suppression of the H3K9 methyltransferase Suv39h1 abrogated the radioprotective effect of MOZ inhibition, suggesting that high H3K9ac promoted by MOZ in ES cells obstructs local upregulation of H3K9me3 and contributes to muted DDR and increased radiosensitivity.
Aqueous solution studies of multidentate ligands with trivalent metal ions (2009)

Four water-soluble amine phenols have been prepared: tris(((2- hydroxy-5-sulfobenzyl)amino)ethyl)amine (H₆TRNS), 1,1,1-tris(((2-hydroxy-5- sulfobenzyl)amino)methyl)ethane (H₆TAMS), 1,2,3-tris(((2-hydroxy-5- sulfobenzyl)amino)propane (H₆TAPS), cis, cis-1,3,5-tris(((2-hydroxy-5- sulfobenzyl)amino)cyclohexane (H₆TACS). Complex formation constants have been measured at 25 °C (µ = 0.16 M NaCl): log K [M(TRNS)]³⁻ ([M(HTRNS)]²⁻ ) Ga 28.55 (36.90), In 29.3 (34.9); log K [M(H₃TRNS)] ([M(H₃TRNS)₂]³⁻ ) La 5.65, Nd 6.41 (6.34), Gd 6.67 (7.69), Ho 7.67 ( 8.75), Yb 8.53 (9.73); log K [M(TAMS)]³⁻ ([M(HTAMS)]²⁻ ) Al 22.5 (29.3), Ga 31.83, In 28.49, La 9.17, Nd 11.19, Gd 11.86 (18.41), Ho 12.71 (19.40), Yb 13.78 (20.11); log K [M(TAPS)]³⁻ ([M(HTAPS)]²⁻ ) Al 22.8 (29.0), Ga 31.54 (35.15), In 27.56 (31.93), La 11.33 (18.47), Nd 13.59 (20.13), Gd 14.50 (20.88), Ho 14.71 (21.15), Yb 15.15 (21.54). The complexes were characterized in situ by multinuclear ( ¹H, ¹³C, ¹⁷O, ²⁷A1, ⁷¹Ga, ¹¹⁵In) NMR and UV spectroscopy. A new preparation of N,N'-bis(2-methylpyridyl)ethylenediamine- N,N'-diacetic acid (H₂bped) is reported and some trivalent metal ion complexes have been prepared. Complex formation constants have been measured at 25 °C (µ = 0.16 M NaCl): log K [M(bped)]⁺ ([M(bped)(OH)]) Al 10.85 (6.37), Ga 19.89 (15.62), In 22.6 (15.44), La 10.81 (10.75), Nd 11.99 (10.45), Gd 12.37 (10.25), Ho 12.31 (9.31), Yb 13.42 (8.98). The complexes have been characterized in the solid state as PF₆⁻ or C10₄⁻ salts by IR, +LSIMS, elemental analysis, and by X-ray crystallography (Co[bped]PF₆ ); and in solution by multinuclear NMR and UV spectroscopy.
2-Mercaptoaldehyde dimers and 2,5-dihydrothiophenes from 1,3-oxathiolan-5-ones (1983)

2-Mercaptoaldehyde dimers and 2,s-dihydrothiophenes fro111 1,3-oxathiolan-5-ones'" J O I I N M .M C I N , ~~S I I AN11 M
Aberrant DNA hypermethylation of SDHC: a novel mechanism of tumor development in Carney triad (2015)

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
Wavelength-specific reflections: A decade of extreme ultraviolet actinic mask inspection research (2010)

Mask inspection is essential for the success of any pattern transfer lithography technology, and extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL), in particular, faces unique challenges. EUV masks’ resonant-reflective multilayer coatings have a narrow, wavelength-specific response that dramatically affects the way that defects appear, or disappear, at various illuminating wavelengths. Furthermore, the ever-shrinking size of “critical” defects limits the potential effectiveness of deep ultraviolet inspection techniques over time. Researchers pursuing numerous ways of finding and characterizing defects on extreme ultraviolet (EUV) masks and have met with varying degrees of success. Their lessons inform the current, urgent exploration to select the most effective techniques for high-volume manufacturing. Ranging from basic research and demonstration experiments to commercial inspection tool prototypes, the authors survey the recent history of work in this area, including sixteen projects in Europe, Asia, and America. Solutions range from scanning beams to microscopy, darkfield imaging to pattern transfer.
Relaxation Phenomena of MgZn Ferrites. (1996)

The gradual lowering of initial permeability(μi) with increasing frequency is said to be a relaxation phenomenon. The lowering of μi with frequency is improved by CuO substitution for MgO in MgZn ferrite. From the measuring results of the temperature dependence of tan δ, the activation enegy of the relaxation is calculated as approximately 0.43eV. The effect of the parameters in making process on the lattice defects was investigated with special reference to electric conductivity, microstructure and disaccommodation. From the results of time disaccommodation, the change in permeability for MgCuZn ferrites was found to be larger than that of MgZn ferrite. Furthermore, the lowering of permeability with time for both ferrites was regarded as being over 500 hours.
Concurrency at Microsoft – An Exploratory Survey (2008)

Concurrent programming is gaining significant prominence in the software industry, especially due to the advent of multi-core architectures. In this report, we present the results of a survey deployed inside Microsoft in January 2007 to assess the state of the practice of concurrency at Microsoft. Our survey polled 10% of the Microsoft technical staff and collected data for each of the three major business units, namely Microsoft platforms and services division, mobile and embedded devices division and Microsoft business division. Our major findings indicate that the use of concurrency is widespread at Microsoft. Of our 684 respondents, over 60% of our respondent population had to deal with concurrency issues frequently (on a monthly basis). The most popular platforms for concurrent programming inside Microsoft are Win32 and CLR (Common Language Runtime), which are equally popular. Also, multi-threading and message-passing forms of concurrency appear to be equally pervasive. Concurrency bugs take on average several days to detect, reproduce, debug and fix. Most of these bugs are of high severity. Most engineers feel concurrency issues will be more of an issue going forward, and would welcome additional help in terms of language support, libraries, tools, processes and training.