gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Copper Selenide Nanocrystals for Photothermal Therapy (2011)

Ligand-stabilized copper selenide (Cu(2-x)Se) nanocrystals, approximately 16 nm in diameter, were synthesized by a colloidal hot injection method and coated with amphiphilic polymer. The nanocrystals readily disperse in water and exhibit strong near-infrared (NIR) optical absorption with a high molar extinction coefficient of 7.7 × 10(7) cm(-1) M(-1) at 980 nm. When excited with 800 nm light, the Cu(2-x)Se nanocrystals produce significant photothermal heating with a photothermal transduction efficiency of 22%, comparable to nanorods and nanoshells of gold (Au). In vitro photothermal heating of Cu(2-x)Se nanocrystals in the presence of human colorectal cancer cell (HCT-116) led to cell destruction after 5 min of laser irradiation at 33 W/cm(2), demonstrating the viabilitiy of Cu(2-x)Se nanocrystals for photothermal therapy applications.
JavaSpMT: A speculative thread pipelining parallelization model for Java programs (2000)

This paper presents a new approach to improve execution-time performance of Java programs by exploiting coarse-grained parallelism on a shared-memory multiprocessor system. The parallelization model, called Java Speculative MultiThreading (JavaSpMT), uses a speculative thread pipelining execution model with run-time data-dependence checking to execute concurrent threads. The control speculation combined with the run-time dependence checking allows JavaSpMT to parallelize a wide variety of loop constructs, including do-while loops, that cannot be parallelized using standard parallelization techniques. JavaSpMT is implemented using the standard Java multithreading mechanism and the parallelization is expressed by a Java source-to-source transformation. Thus, the transformed programs are still portable to any shared-memory multiprocessor system with a Java Virtual Machine implementation that supports native threads. We have evaluated the performance of the JavaSpMT model on an 8-processor...
Tocotrienol‐rich fraction from palm oil affects gene expression in tumors resulting from MCF‐7 cell inoculation in athymic mice (2004)

It has recently been shown that tocotrienols are the components of vitamin E responsible for inhibiting the growth of human breast cancer cells in vitro, through an estrogen-independent mechanism. Although tocotrienols act on cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner and can induce programmed cell death, no specific gene regulation has yet been identified. To investigate the molecular basis of the effect of tocotrienols, we injected MCF-7 breast cancer cells into athymic nude mice. Mice were fed orally with 1 mg/d of tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) for 20 wk. At end of the 20 wk, there was a significant delay in the onset, incidence, and size of the tumors in nude mice supplemented with TRF compared with the controls. At autopsy, the tumor tissue was excised and analyzed for gene expression by means of a cDNA array technique. Thirty out of 1176 genes were significantly affected. Ten genes were downregulated and 20 genes up-regulated with respect to untreated animals, and some genes in particular were involved in regulating the immune system and its function. The expression of the interferon-inducible transmembrane protein-1 gene was significantly up-regulated in tumors excised from TRF-treated animals compared with control mice. Within the group of genes related to the immune system, we also found that the CD59 glycoprotein precursor gene was up-regulated. Among the functional class of intracellular transducers/effectors/modulators, the c-myc gene was significantly down-regulated in tumors by TRF treatment. Our observations indicate that TRF supplementation significantly and specifically affects MCF-7 cell response after tumor formation in vivo and therefore the host immune function. The observed effect on gene expression is possibly exerted independently from the antioxidant activity typical of this family of molecules.
Die endoskopische optische Kohärenztomografie in der Mittelohrdiagnostik – erste klinische Ergebnisse (2018)

Die optische Kohärenztomografie (OCT) ist ein Messverfahren, mit dem die direkte berührungsfreie Darstellung und Beurteilung der Trommelfellmorphologie, des Schwingungsverhaltens und anteilig des Paukenhöhleninhaltes möglich ist. Nach Entwicklung einer endoskopischen OCT-Messeinheit (EOCT) werden im Folgenden erste klinische Untersuchungsergebnisse verschiedener Mittelohrpathologien gezeigt.
A Training System for Photodynamic Therapy using Modeling and Simulation (2006)

To become highly proficient at a given surgical procedure and to reduce risk to patients, physicians must gain experience through a number means. Some surgical procedures can be learned through practice on cadavers, animals, or physical models. Today computer models can provide the required realism to provide highly effective training. This paper presents a computer-based system that will be used for training ophthalmologists in the performance of two processes involving the application of laser to the retina: photodynamic therapy and panretinal photocoagulation
Restoration of Elbow Function by Intercostal Nerve Transfer for Obstetrical Paralysis with Co-Contraction of the Biceps and the Triceps (2007)

Among the conservatively treated patients with obstetrical paralysis after delivery in the vertex presentation, cross reinnervation sometimes occurs in the course of their recovery and co-contraction of multiple muscles impairs smooth upper limb motion. Such co-contraction of the biceps and the triceps inhibits normal elbow motion, making it impossible to use the elbow effectively in daily activities, despite adequate strength in these muscles. To overcome biceps/triceps co-contraction, we performed intercostal nerve transfer to the musculocutaneous nerve for three patients of age 11 months, 6 years and 9 years, respectively, and to the motor branches of the triceps for two patients of age 4 and 14 year-old, respectively. During the average follow-up period of 5.6 (range 1-11.5) years, the power of the reinnervated muscle improved to more than M3, and smooth motion of the elbow independently of shoulder motion was restored.
An NMR investigation of the binding of the anticancer drug actinomycin D to oligodeoxyribonucleotides with isolated 5'd(GC)3' binding sites (1988)

Imino proton and 31P NMR studies were conducted on the binding of actinomycin D (ActD) to self-complementary oligodeoxyribonucleotides with one GC binding site [d(ATATGCATAT) (1), d-(ATACGCGTAT) (2), and d(ATATACGCGTATAT) (3)] and with two GC sites [d(ATGCATGCAT) (4)]. At R = 1 (molar ratio of ActD to oligomer duplex) ActD caused a doubling of the number of imino proton signals at, and adjacent to, the GC binding site of 1. One of the G.C base pair signals shifted upfield while the other shifted downfield. Both of the signals for the A.T base pairs adjacent to the binding site shifted downfield. All imino proton signals of 2 and the longer sequence, 3, shifted upfield on binding of ActD to the GC site, indicating a sequence-dependent change in base stacking on complex formation. For both 1 and 2 addition of ActD resulted in a similar pattern of three downfield 31P NMR signals. The two most downfield signals have chemical shift and temperature dependence which are characteristic of phosphate groups at isolated intercalation sites. At R = 1 the ActD complex with 4 has very complex spectra with both upfield and downfield A.T and G.C imino signals. All these data were consistent with two 1:1 complexes with the unsymmetrical phenoxazone ring adopting both of the two possible orientations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Contextual Blocking Bandits (2021)

We study a novel variant of the multi-armed bandit problem, where at each time step, the player observes an independently sampled context that determines the arms' mean rewards. However, playing an arm blocks it (across all contexts) for a fixed and known number of future time steps. The above contextual setting, which captures important scenarios such as recommendation systems or ad placement with diverse users, invalidates greedy solution techniques that are effective for its non-contextual counterpart (Basu et al., NeurIPS19). Assuming knowledge of the context distribution and the mean reward of each arm-context pair, we cast the problem as an online bipartite matching problem, where the right-vertices (contexts) arrive stochastically and the left-vertices (arms) are blocked for a finite number of rounds each time they are matched. This problem has been recently studied in the full-information case, where competitive ratio bounds have been derived. We focus on the bandit setting, where the reward distributions are initially unknown; we propose a UCB-based variant of the full-information algorithm that guarantees a $\mathcal{O}(\log T)$-regret w.r.t. an $\alpha$-optimal strategy in $T$ time steps, matching the $\Omega(\log(T))$ regret lower bound in this setting. Due to the time correlations caused by blocking, existing techniques for upper bounding regret fail. For proving our regret bounds, we introduce the novel concepts of delayed exploitation and opportunistic subsampling and combine them with ideas from combinatorial bandits and non-stationary Markov chains coupling.
Pulsed illumination driver with intensity control and RGB mixing capabilities for high-resolution near to eye display (2021)

The recently reported "Angular Spatial Light Modulator"(ASLM) light engine, using pulsed illumination synchronized to a Digital Micromirror Device (DMD), shows significant promise to enhance pixel counts of Near-To-Eye Displays (NED) without increasing package volume, but requires an uncommon illumination driver. We present a field effect transistor based constant-current driver that is fast, compact, and scalable to RGB illumination. The digital-To-Analog convertor modulates intensity on-The-fly for illumination-based multiplexing. The driver outputs 100 ns pulses, up to 24 kHz repetition rate. The circuit is demonstrated for two laser diodes and for two LEDs in an ASLM-enhanced pixel count display. © COPYRIGHT SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Synthesis of potent heptapeptide analogs of cholecystokinin (1984)

Nine new analogues of acetyl-CCK-heptapeptide (Ac-Tyr(SO3H)2-Met3-Gly4-Trp5-Met6-Asp7-Phe8-NH2 ) were synthesized by solid-phase methodology. In a first series, the Asp7 residue was replaced by hydroxy amino acid sulfate esters. In another series, Gly4 was substituted by D-Ala, while Trp5 and Met6 were replaced by their D enantiomer. The introduction of the sulfate ester was performed with a new, mild, crystalline, and stable reagent, pyridinium acetyl sulfate. Each analogue that contained Tyr(SO3H)2 and a hydroxy amino acid sulfate ester [Ser(SO3H), Thr(SO3H), or Hyp(SO3H)] in position 7 proved to be more potent (1.9, 1.7, and 3.0 times, respectively) than CCK-8 in vitro (isolated gallbladder strips). While devoid of gastrin-like activity in vivo, these analogues had potent anticonvulsive activity. The analogues containing a D-amino acid residue were less potent than the parent compound in vitro. The D-Ala4 replacement, however, yielded a compound that was 40% as potent as CCK-8 in the in vitro test but showed prolonged duration of action on sphincter Oddi. While the 7-substituted Ac-CCK heptapeptides are among the most potent CCK analogues reported so far, the D-Ala4 replacement resulted, for the first time, in prolonged activity in vivo.
Adsorción de concentraciones ultra-bajas de etileno a baja temperatura (2019)

Adsorción de concentraciones ultra-bajas de etileno a baja temperatura. Procedimiento de eliminación de trazas de etileno en corrientes de aire que puede comprender los pasos: - Un primer paso donde la mezcla gaseosa se introduce en un reactor que comprende, al menos, un lecho que contiene un material que puede estar seleccionado entre una zeolita, sílice amorfa, sulfato de magnesio, hidróxido de sodio, hidróxido de potasio, sulfato de potasio, sulfato de calcio, carbonato de potasio y combinaciones de los mismos; - Un segundo paso en el que el efluente del primer paso se alimenta en otro reactor que comprende, al menos, un catalizador que comprende, al menos, una zeolita intercambiada con al menos, un ión metálico que puede estar seleccionado de manera preferente entre Ag, Pd, Cu, Pt, Au, Ru, Sn, Ce, Cu, Ni, Mn, Mo y combinaciones de los mismos; y - Recuperación de la corriente de gas de salida
Complex-valued quantitative stiffness estimation using dynamic displacement measurements and local inversion of conservation of momentum (2003)

It has been shown that elasticity can be estimated from direct displacement measurements measured using either ultrasonic or magnetic resonance (MRE) elastography methods. Most of the inversion techniques presented in the ultrasound literature are based on inverting a displacement dataset that satisfies a static equation of shear motion resulting in only relative estimates of shear modulus. The authors present a method for estimating absolute shear-wave speed and attenuation from dynamic displacement data based on local inversion of the linearized differential equation satisfied by small-amplitude displacements in a source-free region. The inversion requires knowledge of the spatial derivatives of the displacement which the authors calculate using local, least-square polynomial fits to the data. The authors apply this direct inversion technique to a two dimensional simulated and a three-dimensional measured MRE dataset. The MRE dataset was collected from a phantom composed of a marine-algae gel mixture (1.5% by weight) with an embedded cylinder and sphere composed of the same gel with a higher concentration (3%). In the simulated experiment the authors obtain good agreement with the input values of shear-wave speed while in the phantom dataset they obtain an average value of 4.2/spl plusmn/0.3 m/s wave-speed in the background gel and 9.7/spl plusmn/1.0 m/s in the cylinder and 8.8/spl plusmn/1.0 m/s in the sphere. Finally, the authors report attenuation values for the 1.5% background gel as 17/spl plusmn/12 m/sup -1/. Averaging regions inside the 3%-gel cylinder and 3%-gel sphere gives values of 21/spl plusmn/10 m/sup -1/ and 25/spl plusmn/22 m/sup -1/ respectively.
A biometric approach to aesthetic crown lengthening: part I--midfacial considerations. (2008)

Although human dental anatomy is taught in university curricula, clinicians often witness restorations that are not proportional to one another. Dental restorations should also be proportional to periodontal supporting tissues as an essential aspect of dental anatomy. Measurements can be performed directly on a patient's teeth with aesthetic gauges used to confirm the correct position of the supporting osseous topography. This article demonstrates a technique using these gauges to objectively determine the correct position of the underlying hard tissues and render predictable, aesthetic treatment.
Carving Out Pores in Redox‐Active One‐Dimensional Coordination Polymers (2018)

Abstract Reduction of the insulating one‐dimensional coordination polymer [Cu(abpy)PF 6 ] n , 1 a (PF 6 ), (abpy=2,2′‐azobispyridine) yields the conductive, porous polymer [Cu(abpy)] n , 2 a . Pressed pellets of neutral 2 a exhibit a conductivity of 0.093 S cm −1 at room temperature and a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of 56 m 2 g −1 . Fine powders of 2 a have a BET surface area of 90 m 2 g −1 . Cyclic voltammetry shows that the reduction of 1 a (PF 6 ) to 2 a is quasi‐reversible, indicative of facile charge transfer through the bulk material. The BET surface area of the reduced polymer 2 can be controlled by changing the size of the counteranion X in the cationic [Cu(abpy)X] n . Reduction of [Cu(abpy)X] n with X=Br ( 2 b ) or BAr F ( 2 c ; BAr F =tetrakis(3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)), affords [Cu(abpy)] n polymers with surface areas of 60 and 200 m 2 g −1 , respectively.
Non-parametric density estimation on Siegel space applied to radar processing (2016)

Main techniques of probability density estimation on Riemannian manifolds are reviewed in the case of the Siegel space. For computational reasons we chose to focus on the kernel density estimation. The main result of the paper is the expression of Pelletier's kernel density estimator. The method is applied to density estimation of reflection coefficients from radar observations.
Shear Behavior of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete Beams Reinforced with High-Strength Steel Bars (2019)

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Quasi-phase matching of high-order harmonic generation at high photon energies using counterpropagating pulses (2008)

We extend all-optical quasi-phase matching of high-order harmonic generation into spectral regions where conventional phase matching is not possible. The high laser intensities required to generate harmonics at energy &gt;130 eV, coupled with the resulting high level of ionization, preclude conventional phase matching in all nonlinear media. Selective enhancement factors between 40 and 150 in the flux of harmonics at photon energies around 140 eV are demonstrated using a train of two counterpropagating pulses.
Channel add–drop filter based on dual photonic crystal cavities in push–pull mode (2015)

We demonstrate an add-drop filter based on a dual photonic crystal nanobeam cavity system that emulates the operation of a traveling wave resonator, and, thus, provides separation of the through and drop port transmission from the input port. The device is on a 3×3 mm chip fabricated in an advanced microelectronics silicon-on-insulator complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (SOI CMOS) process (IBM 45 nm SOI) without any foundry process modifications. The filter shows 1 dB of insertion loss in the drop port with a 3 dB bandwidth of 64 GHz, and 16 dB extinction in the through port. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first implementation of a port-separating, add-drop filter based on standing wave cavities coupled to conventional waveguides, and demonstrates a performance that suggests potential for photonic crystal devices within optical immersion lithography-based advanced CMOS electronics-photonics integration.
Effects of Orotate Administration on the Normal Rat Kidney: Similarity to Changes Observed in Diabetes Mellitus (1979)

Glomerular filtration rate, tubular reabsorptive capacity, and renal size are increased early in the course of human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. In short-term experimental diabetes in rats, renal weight, total protein, and RNA content are greater than in control rats. These changes are associated with a 12% increase in the cortical uridine 5-triphosphate (UTP)/DNA ratio. We measured the UTP content in the renal cortex of long-term diabetic rats and studied the effects of long-term orotate feeding (0.5%) as a means of UTP pool expansion. Rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes for six months had a 42% increase in serum creatinine concentration and an 18% increase in width of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). Renal cortex UTP/DNA/kg was 54% higher than in control rats. Long-term orotate feeding of diabetic rats produced further deterioration of function and increase in basement membrane width. All diabetic animals developed cataracts bilaterally. Chronic orotate feeding in nondiabetic animals produced thickening of the GBM when compared with age-matched controls (2330 ± 24 vs. 2056 ± 16 Å; P &amp;lt; 0.01) that were morphologically undistinguishable from diabetic GBM. UTP/DNA/kg body weight were no different from control values. Chronic orotate feeding for 15 mo was associated with a higher renal cortex glycogen content and an increase in creatinine clearance. No animal in this group had cataracts. Orotate feeding did not change plasma concentrations of glucose or insulin and was associated with increased glucagon concentrations in both diabetic and nondiabetic rats. We postulate that the renal changes induced by orotate, which resemble those of diabetes, are mediated through alterations in pyrimidine metabolism.
The influence of automation on tumor contouring (2017)

Fully or semi-automatic contouring tools are increasingly being used in the tumor contouring task for radiotherapy. While the fully automatic contouring tools have not reached sufficient efficiency, the semi-automatic contouring tools balance more effectively between the human interaction and automation. This study evaluates the influences of a semi-automation contouring tool, called between-slice interpolation, on the resulting contours and the contouring process. The tumor contouring study was conducted on three patient cases with five physicians in a naturalistic setting. The contouring task consisted of initiating the 2D contour manually or with the interpolation tool and correcting that initial contour. The similarity of the resulting contours was pairwise measured within the manual or the interpolated category. Interactions with the software were recorded, and variations in the contouring workflows steps were compared. Results indicated that using the between-slice interpolation tool for creating the initial contour, instead of initiating it manually, influenced both the contouring process and outcomes. First, it was identified that contours initiated by the interpolation tool showed an increased similarity among themselves compared to the manually initiated contours. At the same time, influences to the resulting contours were below clinical relevance, and toward the desired direction—improved consistency of contours. Second, when interpolation was used, in two cases out of three, the average contouring time also decreased significantly. Therefore, the use of such an automation tool can be encouraged.
Synergism of interleukin 6 and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in induction of myeloid differentiation of human leukemic cell lines (1992)

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine with an important role in immunity. We analyzed the effect of recombinant human IL-6 in combination with 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (Vit. D3) on differentiation of the human myeloid leukemic cell lines U937 and HL-60 with respect to alterations in antigen expression and functional activity. Of a panel of antigens analyzed, only CD11b (the alpha chain of CR3), and CD14 (a cell surface protein recognizing the lipopolysaccharide-binding protein-lipopolysaccharide complex) had significantly increased expression. Expression of ICAM-1 (CD54), a ligand for LFA-1, was also found to be enhanced with a concomitant increase of ICAM-1 mRNA levels. Enhanced nonspecific esterase levels and induction of respiratory burst activity confirmed that cell differentiation was induced. Furthermore, IL-6 and Vit. D3 had a profound effect on functional activities, as shown by enhancement of rosetting between sheep erythrocytes, sensitized with C3bi (EAC), and either U937 or HL-60 cells. Also, phorbol myristate acetate-induced homotypic adhesion of U937, which is ICAM-1 dependent, was markedly induced by these agents. These results indicate an important role of IL-6 and Vit. D3 in myeloid cell function and development.
Development and validation of small animal models for onchocerciasis and loiasis microfilaricide discovery (2023)

We have developed two immunocompetent small animal models for onchocerciasis and loiasis that can be used for microfilaricide discovery and to counter-screen onchocerciasis macrofilarides.