gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cyclopropyl-, cyclopropylmethyl-, and dicyclopropylcarbenes (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCyclopropyl-, cyclopropylmethyl-, and dicyclopropylcarbenesDavid A. Modarelli, Matthew S. Platz, Robert S. Sheridan, and Jeff R. AmmannCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 22, 10440–10441Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00075a102RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views125Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (206 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Correlations between wettability and structure in monolayers of alkanethiols adsorbed on gold (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCorrelations between wettability and structure in monolayers of alkanethiols adsorbed on goldColin D. Bain and George M. WhitesidesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 11, 3665–3666Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00219a055https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00219a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views996Altmetric-Citations185LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Convenient and Practical Method for Conversion of Primary Alkyl Chlorides to Highly Pure Bromides (≥99%) (1994)

Abstract Repeated treatment (second after the aqueous work-up) of primary alkyl chlorides with ten equivalents (each) of lithium bromide in 3-pentanone at 120°C for a total of five hours gave the corresponding bromides in excellent yield (86–96%) and with high chemical purity (≥99%).
Early Evaluation of Scalable Fabric Interface for PGAS Programming Models (2014)

Inter-processor communication is a critical factor for performance at scale. In order to achieve good performance, communication overheads should be minimized. The fabric interface library plays a major role in determining the communication overheads. This is very important for the Partitioned Global Address Space (PGAS) programming models, as these models have been designed for very low-overhead remote memory access.
Detection of Viable Microorganisms Using Propidium Monoazide (2013)

Propidium monoazide (PMA) is a molecular tool used to assess viability of microorganisms. Currently, PMA is thought to discern viability through membrane permeability; PMA enters only membrane compromised cells, irreversibly crosslinks to theirDNAand precipitates theDNAout of solution, preventing it from being amplified during polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Using PMA on a sample of live and dead microorganisms results in only theDNAof living organisms being amplified and identified. Therefore, a comparison ofPCRresults with and without PMA allows one to determine the live fraction and total population, respectively. Current literature provides conflicting evidence as to the effectiveness of the technique. Our research hopes to resolve these differences. Initial results have shown that the length of the targeted section affects results of combined PMA-qPCR. The current model does not account for why this difference might occur, and has led us to conclude that the current model is incomplete and that PMA could also inhibit the binding and/or processivity of enzymes interacting with PMA treatedDNA.
21105 Analysis of the Combustion Characteristics of Supercharged HCCI Engine (2008)

The Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine has attracted much interest in recent years because it can simultaneously achieve high efficiency and low emissions. However, the HCCI combustion process has the problem that combustion proceeds too rapidly. In this study, the influence of boosting the intake air pressure on combustion characteristics of HCCI engine fueled with dimetyl ether (DME) was investigated. Spectroscopic measurements were used to examine the combustion characteristics in detail. The experimental results revealed that, the combustion became more moderate with boosting the intake air pressure. With the result, the operating load extended more upper load ranges. But the lower load range was narrowed because of decreasing of combustion efficiency.
Rate of never smokers in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. (2015)

e19007 Background: There has been significant debate about whether the percentage of never smokers is increasing in lung cancer patients (pts). Using our institutions’ registry data, our objective was to determine if the rate of never smokers is increasing among lung cancer pts. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study using lung cancer registry data from our university hospital at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and our county hospital, Parkland. These registries were queried year by year between 1990 and 2013 for gender, age at diagnosis, diagnosis of NSCLC or small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and self-reported smoking history. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the rate of never smokers in NSCLC (N=5,392) and SCLC (N=792) pts. Results: The percentage of never smokers increased among NSCLC pts between 1990 and 2013 [Table]. Univariate logistic regression demonstrated an increasing proportion of never smokers among NSCLC cases (p<0.0001 for year) and multivariate logistic regression also demonstrates this increase (p<0.0001 for year) after controlling for age and gender. Never smokers were more likely to be female (67%, p<0.0001) and younger (59.6±18.7 yrs old) than smokers (62.0±14.7 yrs old; p= 0.002). The increase in the percentage of NSCLC never smokers was seen at both our university and county hospitals. In contrast, the percentage of never smokers among SCLC cases did not significantly increase during this time period. Conclusions: This study demonstrates an increasing rate of never smokers with NSCLC, but not SCLC, between 1990 and 2013 in a large and demographically diverse population. We recognize the limitations of this retrospective analysis, but the relative constancy of never smokers in SCLC cases suggests our findings are not merely an artifact of better documentation of smoking history. Because the biology and, thus, often the treatment options of lung cancer in never smokers differs from that of smokers, this finding warrants further investigation. Percentage of never smokers. 1990-1995 1996-2000 2001-2005 2006-2010 2011-2013 NSCLC 8.9 8.8 8.8 13.5 17.0 SCLC 1.7 2.3 1.7 4.5 2.8
EM-POSE: 3D Human Pose Estimation from Sparse Electromagnetic Trackers (2021)

Fully immersive experiences in AR/VR depend on re-constructing the full body pose of the user without restricting their motion. In this paper we study the use of body-worn electromagnetic (EM) field-based sensing for the task of 3D human pose reconstruction. To this end, we present a method to estimate SMPL parameters from 6-12 EM sensors. We leverage a customized wearable system consisting of wireless EM sensors measuring time-synchronized 6D poses at 120 Hz. To provide accurate poses even with little user instrumentation, we adopt a recently proposed hybrid framework, learned gradient descent (LGD), to iteratively estimate SMPL pose and shape from our input measurements. This allows us to harness powerful pose priors to cope with the idiosyncrasies of the input data and achieve accurate pose estimates. The proposed method uses AMASS to synthesize virtual EM-sensor data and we show that it generalizes well to a newly captured real dataset consisting of a total of 36 minutes of motion from 5 subjects. We achieve reconstruction errors as low as 31.8 mm and 13.3 degrees, outperforming both pure learning- and pure optimization-based methods. Code and data is available under https://ait.ethz.ch/projects/2021/em-pose.
Catalytic Enantio- and Diastereoselective Cyclopropanation of 2-Azadienes for the Synthesis of Aminocyclopropanes Bearing Quaternary Carbon Stereogenic Centers (2019)

We report the catalytic enantio- and diastereoselective preparation of aminocyclopropanes by the cyclopropanation of terminal and (<i>Z</i>)-internal 2-azadienes with donor/acceptor carbenes derived from α-diazoesters. The resulting cyclopropanes bear quaternary carbon stereogenic centers vicinal to the amino-substituted carbon and are formed as a single diastereomer in up to 99:1 er and 97% yield with 0.5 mol % of Rh<sub>2</sub>(DOSP)<sub>4</sub> and only 1.5 equiv of the diazo reagent. Transformations with internal azadienes afford cyclopropanes with three contiguous stereogenic centers.
Time-of-flight calibration of an MCT-APD sensor for a flash imaging LiDAR system (2019)

Flash Imaging LiDARs (Light Detection and Ranging) are active systems that resolves depth in a scene by time-of-flight measurements and are being seen as a competitive technological alternative that presents great advantages in the space scenario. The system records full 3D-images with a single laser pulse, thus eliminating the need for a scanning device. A first step to improve the overall quality of the measurements is the calibration of the camera. There is a vast literature and well-stablished techniques concerning radiometric calibration (2D information). However, for time-of-flight (3D information) the subject remains open to improvement and dependent upon the specific characteristics of the detector. In this article we propose a calibration scheme for CEA-LETI’s LiDAR that combines both intensity, range accuracy and range precision calibration and presents the first enhanced results based on data acquired under laboratory conditions. This project is a partnership between ESA and CEA-LETI aiming the design of a LiDAR system based on a custom MCTAPD FPA (Avalanche PhotoDiode Focal Plane Array) detector developed by CEA-LETI and the formulation of a set of imaging processing algorithms. The target is to demonstrate the potential of such detector technology and to evaluate the performances of the full system chain in the frame of the targeted application. In the future, a validation campaign on a real terrain, at ESA’s campsite, will be performed to demonstrate the system in a close-to-real configuration.
Toward the Development of a Potent and Selective Organoruthenium Mammalian Sterile 20 Kinase Inhibitor (2009)

Mammalian sterile 20 (MST1) kinase, a member of the sterile 20 (Ste-20) family of proteins, is a proapoptotic cytosolic kinase that plays an important role in the cellular response to oxidative stress. In this study, we report on the development of a potent and selective MST1 kinase inhibitor based on a ruthenium half-sandwich scaffold. We show that the enantiopure organoruthenium inhibitor, 9E1, has an IC50 value of 45 nM for MST1 and a greater than 25-fold inhibitor selectivity over the related Ste-20 kinases, p21 activated kinase 1 (PAK1), and p21 activated kinase 4 (PAK4) and an almost 10-fold selectivity over the related thousand-and-one amino acids kinase 2 (TAO2). Compound 9E1 also displays a promising selectivity profile against unrelated protein kinases; however, the proto-oncogene serine/threonine protein kinase PIM1 (PIM-1) and glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3beta) are inhibited with IC50 values in the low nanomolar range. We also show that 9E1 can inhibit MST1 function in cells. A cocrystal structure of a related compound with PIM-1 and a homology model with MST1 reveals the binding mode of this scaffold to MST1 and provides a starting point for the development of improved MST1 kinase inhibitors for possible therapeutic application.
PlGF-1 and VEGFR-1 Pathway Regulation of the External Epithelial Hemato-Ocular Barrier (2008)

VEGF is considered as an important factor in the pathogenesis of macular edema. VEGF induces the rupture of the blood retinal barrier and may also influence the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) outer retinal barrier. The aim of this work was to analyze the influence of the VEGF receptor pathways in the modulation of the RPE barrier breakdown in vitro and in vivo. The ARPE19 human junctions in culture are modulated by VEGF through VEGFR-1 but not through VEGFR-2. PlGF-1, that is a pure agonist of VEGFR-1, is produced in ARPE-19 cells under hypoxic conditions and mimics VEGF effects on the external retinal barrier as measured by TER and inulin flux. In vivo, the intravitreous injection of PlGF-1 induces a rupture of the external retinal barrier together with a retinal edema. This effect is reversible within 4 days. VEGF-E, that is a pure agonist of VEGFR-2, does not induce any acute effect on the RPE barrier. These results demonstrate that PlGF-1 can reproduce alterations of the RPE barrier occurring during diabetic retinopathy.
Deep Learning for Nanoscale Arbitrary Meta-element Robustness (2020)

Optical metasurface designs often suffer performance degradations originating from the fabrication process due to manufacturing uncertainties. Therefore, a critical need exists for designs which incorporate robustness, but this is typically intractable during optimization due to the large number of function evaluations required. Nevertheless, by augmenting the process with a deep learning intermediate step, the speed of function evaluations can be greatly accelerated, enabling robustness to be directly optimized during the inverse design process rather than as an a posteriori step applied after the fact. A deep learning assisted robustness framework is introduced for application to nanophotonic meta-element design.
Ultrafast Scanning of Exchangeable Sites by NMR Spectroscopy (2013)

NMR-Methodenentwicklung: Eine schnelle Methode zum Messen von Z-Spektren wird vorgestellt, mit denen Magnetisierungstransfer- sowie Sättigungstransferphänomene durch chemischen Austausch in homogenen Systemen untersucht werden können. Dabei wird das zu untersuchende System mit Gradientenfeldern bestrahlt, und die z-Polarisation der Wasserprotonen wird zeitgleich für viele Frequenzverschiebungen bestimmt (siehe Bild). As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Glycovariant anti-CD37 monospecific protein therapeutic exhibits enhanced effector cell-mediated cytotoxicity against chronic and acute B cell malignancies (2013)

TRU-016 is a SMIP(TM) (monospecific protein therapeutic) molecule against the tetraspanin transmembrane family protein CD37 that is currently in Phase 2 trials in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL). In an attempt to enhance the ADCC function of SMIP-016, the chimeric version of TRU-016, SMIP-016(GV) was engineered with a modification in a glycosylation site in the Fc domain. The wild-type and glycovariant SMIP proteins mediate comparable Type I antibody-like direct cytotoxicity in the presence of anti-human Fc crosslinker and show a similar tyrosine phosphorylation pattern post-treatment. However, NK cells stimulated with the SMIP-016(GV) exhibit enhanced activation and release 3-fold more interferon-γ compared with SMIP-016. SMIP-016(GV) shows enhanced ADCC function against cells expressing CD37 with NK cell effectors derived from both normal and CLL-affected individuals. Enhanced ADCC is observed against CLL cells and is sustained at concentrations of SMIP-016(GV) as low at 5E(-6) µg/mL on cells expressing minimal CD37 antigen. In support of the biological relevance of this, SMIP-016(GV) mediates effective ADCC against primary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells with low surface expression of CD37. Collectively, these data suggest potential use of the novel therapeutic agent SMIP-016(GV) with enhanced effector function for B cell malignancies, including CLL and ALL therapy.
Initial competing chemical pathways during floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition carbon nanotube growth (2021)

Ferrocene (Fc) is an effective precursor for the direct synthesis of high quality single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) via floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FCCVD). However, the formation mechanism of the Fe floating catalyst and the SWNCT growth precursors, such as carbon chains, during Fc decomposition are not well understood. Here, we report first principles nonequilibrium quantum chemical molecular dynamics simulations that investigate the decomposition of Fc during FCCVD. We examine the influence of additional growth precursors including ethylene, methane, CO, and CO2 on the Fc decomposition mechanism and show that the dissociation of these species into C2Hx radicals and C atoms provides the key growth agents for the nucleation of carbon chains from Fc-derived species such as cyclopentadienyl rings. Without an additional growth precursor, Fc decomposes via the spontaneous cleavage of Fe–C and C–H bonds, thereby enabling Fe atoms to cluster and form the floating catalyst. On the basis of these simulations, we detail the two competing chemical pathways present during the initial stages of FCCVD: Fe catalyst nanoparticle growth and carbon chain growth. The latter is accelerated in the presence of the additional growth precursors, with the identity of the precursor determining the nature of the balance between these competing pathways.
Primary liver angiosarcoma and factors associated with improved outcomes: An analysis of the National Cancer Database. (2020)

498 Background: Primary liver angiosarcoma (LAS) is a rare and aggressive tumor of the liver. In this analysis of the national cancer database (NCDB) we sought the risk of mortality and factors associated with survival amongst patient diagnosed with LAS. Methods: Patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or LAS from 2004 – 2014 were identified in the NCDB. The Kaplan-Meier method with the log-rank test was used to calculate survival for HCC and LAS patients. Additional analyses were performed on the cohort with LAS to assess the impact of surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy (RT) and facility type on overall survival (OS). Multivariable analyses using cox proportional methods, adjusted for age, sex, Charlson/Deyo score, race, ethnicity, insurance status, facility location and type, surgery status, and chemotherapy status were performed to obtain adjusted hazard ratio (aHR). Results: Total of 118,066 patients with HCC and 346 patients with LAS were identified in the database. Median survival for HCC patients was 11.9 months (95% CI: 11.7-12.2) and 2.0 months for LAS patients (95% CI: 1.8 – 2.4). Risk of mortality was higher for patients with LAS compared to those with HCC (aHR (95% CI): 2.23 (1.97 - 2.53), p &lt; .0001). Among the LAS patients, those who received surgery had a median survival of 8.6 months (95% CI: 5.6 - 17.3), and 1.8 months for those who did not (95% CI: 1.48 - 1.94). Risk of mortality was lower in patients who received surgery compared to those who did not (aHR (95% CI): 0.23 (0.15 - 0.37), p &lt; .0001). Patients treated at and academic center had a higher median survival (3.3 months, 95% CI: 2.2 - 4.1) then those treated at a non-academic center (1.5 months, 95% CI: 1.2 - 1.8). Though, there was no significant difference in OS (aHR (95% CI): 0.48 (0.21 - 1.10), p = 0.082). A very small number of patients received chemotherapy or RT to conduct a meaningful analysis. Conclusions: Patients diagnosed with primary LAS have a worse OS compared to those with HCC. Amongst patients with primary LAS, surgical resection is associated with best survival outcomes. Treatment at an academic center is associated with better median survival, although OS did not reach statistical significance in our analysis.
Synthesis and characterization of branched liquid-crystalline polyethers containing cyclotetraveratrylene-based disk-like mesogens (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and characterization of branched liquid-crystalline polyethers containing cyclotetraveratrylene-based disk-like mesogensV. Percec, C. G. Cho, C. Pugh, and D. TomazosCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 3, 1164–1176Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00029a025RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views311Altmetric-Citations84LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (6 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
A new conduction model for polycrystalline silicon films (1980)

A new quantitative electrical model is introduced to solve earlier modeling inadequacies in polycrystalline silicon films. An analytical J-V expression is developed in normalized closed form, which includes the thermionic field emission through a space-charge potential barrier and through a grain-boundary scattering potential barrier and the thermionic emission over these barriers. The modeling validity has been verified experimentally for films with grain sizes of 230 to 1220 A, doping concentrations from 1 × 1016to 8 × 1019cm-3and over a temperature range from -176° to 144°C.