gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ovulatory and steroidal responses in the lamprey following administration of salmon gonadotropin and agonistic and antagonistic analogues of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (1983)

Hormone injection experiments were conducted for 2 years during the spring when adult Petromyzon marinus returned to a freshwater stream to spawn. Successive injections of salmon gonadotropin and synthetic analogue of hypothalamic GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone) advanced ovulation by 2 to 3 weeks in the tests of the 1 st year. Such treatment in the doses used also elevated plasma estradiol levels almost threefold above those of untreated females prior to ovulation. A more extensive 2nd year experiment had essentially similar results, though the experiment was complicated by the delaying effects of an extended period of low ambient water temperatures. At temperatures which permitted eventual ovulation, either salmon gonadotropin or active GnRH in a dose-related manner advanced ovulation by at least several weeks. However, even in the extended period preceding ovulation, at low temperatures either salmon gonadotropin or GnRH injections elevated plasma estradiol levels in a dose-related and time-related manner. Injections of another analogue of GnRH, which in mammalian tests is a competitive inhibitor of GnRH, had little or no effect either on plasma estradiol levels or on incidence of ovulation. These results indicate that there may be hypothalamic control over pituitary and gonadal function in lampreys.
A Chopping Switched-Capacitor RF Receiver With Integrated Blocker Detection (2018)

A 0.1-0.6 GHz chopping switched-capacitor (SC) RF receiver (RX) with an integrated blocker detector features a tunable center frequency, a programmable filter order, and a high out-of-band (OB) linearity. RF impedance matching, high-order OB interferer filtering, and flicker-noise chopping are achieved with passive SC circuits only. The 34-80 mW 65-nm RX achieves 35-dB gain, +31 dBm OB-third-order input intercept point, +15 dBm B1dB, and 4.6-9 dB NF. The 0.2-mW integrated blocker detector detects large OB blockers with only 1-μs response time. The filter order can be adapted to blocker power with the blocker detector.
Time-Domain Analysis of a Novel Phase-Locked Coherent Optical Demodulator (2006)

Detailed analysis of a novel highly linear phase-locked coherent optical demodulator is presented. We investigate how loop gain, phase-modulator non-linearity and amplitude modulation influence the Signal to Interference Ratio (SIR) of the demodulated signal.
Task assignment and scheduling for open real-time control systems (1997)

A problem for task assignment and scheduling on a network of processors is formulated and solved for open real-time control systems. In order to ensure smooth operation and good performance of open real-time control systems, one must analyze the problem of task assignment and scheduling during the conceptual system design stage. For this type of applications, we propose use of a performance index called the control latency, a weighted sum of feedback, command, and monitoring latencies. Given a set of tasks for a specific control application, the execution time of each task, and intra/inter-processor communication latencies, we have developed an optimal task assignment and scheduling algorithm by minimizing this performance index. Since this problem is NP-hard, we have employed a branch-and-bound algorithm to efficiently search for an optimal task assignment while maintaining task schedulability. A prototypical example of open-architecture control for CNC machines is presented to illustrate the good performance of the proposed algorithm.
Phase behavior in thin films of cylinder-forming ABA block copolymers: Experiments (2003)

We experimentally establish a phase diagram of thin films of concentrated solutions of a cylinder forming polystyrene-block-polybutadiene-block-polystyrene triblock copolymer in chloroform. During annealing the film forms islands and holes with energetically favored values of film thickness. The thin film structure depends on the local thickness of the film and the polymer concentration. Typically, at a thickness close to a favored film thickness parallel orientation of cylinders is observed, while perpendicular orientation is formed at an intermediate film thickness. At high polymer concentration the cylindrical microdomains reconstruct to a perforated lamella structure. Deviations from the bulk structure, such as the perforated lamella and a wetting layer are stabilized in films thinner than approximately 1.5 domain spacings.
Deep Neural Network Inverse Modeling for Integrated Photonics (2019)

We propose a deep neural network model that instantaneously predicts the optical response of nanopatterned silicon photonic power splitter topologies, and inversely approximates compact (2.6 × 2.6 μm2) and efficient (above 92%) power splitters for target splitting ratios.
CD95 (Fas)-induced caspase-mediated proteolysis of NF-kappaB. (1998)

Activation of the nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB transcription factor is instrumental for the immune response and the survival of peripheral activated T cells. We demonstrate that ligation of CD95 (Fas/APO1), a potent apoptotic stimulus in lymphocytes, results in repression of NF-kappaB activity in Jurkat T cells by inducing the proteolytic cleavage of NF-kappaB p65 (Rel A) and p50. Inhibition of caspase-3-related proteases by a specific acetylated aldehyde (Ac-DEVD-CHO) prevented CD95-induced cleavage of p65 (RelA) or p50 and restored the inducibility of NF-kappaB in cells treated with an antibody against CD95. The addition of recombinant caspase-3 also resulted in proteolytic cleavage of RelA p65 and p50 in vitro. TNF-alpha treatment, unlike CD95 ligation, did not result in the death of Jurkat cells but did so in the presence of I kappaB alphaM, a transdominant inhibitor of NF-kappaB. These results suggest that intact, functional NF-kappaB maintains the survival of activated T cells, and that CD95-induced cleavage of NF-kappaB subunits sensitizes T cells to apoptosis and, hence, facilitates the decay of an immune response.
Association between ASCA-positivity and carrier of a CARD-15 mutation in patients with Crohn's disease (2003)

Heterogeneity and multifactoriality complicate diagnostics and our understanding of pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The only accepted serologic parameter (rheumatoid factor [RF]) is not disease specific, nor are any of several novel RA autoantibodies. We aimed at identifying profiles instead of individual autoreactivities allowing for unambiguous prediction of RA. Selected RA autoantigens were tested by ELISA (RF and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide [anti-CCP]) or Western blot (heavy-chain-binding protein [BiP], heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein particle A2 [RA33/ hnRNP A2], calpastatin and calreticulin). Antibody reactivities were assayed from serum samples of 149 RA patients and 132 patients with other rheumatic diseases and from synovial fluids (SF) (58 RA, 65 non-RA). No single autoreactivity was sufficient for unambiguous prediction of RA. Frequencies of multiparameter profiles consisting of 3, 4, 5 and 6 autoreactivites were determined. Fifteen six-parameter serum profiles were exclusively expressed in RA patients, representing a cumulative sensitivity of 59%. Twelve SF profiles were exclusively expressed in 64% of RA patients. The self-learning classification algorithm CLASSIF1 was capable of accurately predicting RA when these profiles were present. Data profile analysis of RF/CCP/BiP/calpastatin/calreticulin/RA33 provided specific discrimination of 64% of RA. Most importantly, RA specific profiles were observed in 64% of patients with early disease (<12 months). For the first time, the accurate prediction of the class RA has been achieved by the use of multiparametric autoreactivity profiles. Because of early expression in disease, these profiles make it possible to start a disease-modifying therapy long before irreversible bone and joint destruction may develop. Additional RA-specific profiles are required to cover the entire group of RA patients.
ChemInform Abstract: Stable Tellurium Ylides: Synthesis and Reactivity of Diorganyltelluronium 4,5‐Dicyanoimidazol‐2‐ylides. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Abstract 15998: Therapeutic Effectiveness Against Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction by the Activation of the Growth Hormone-releasing Hormone Receptor in a Murine Model (2020)

Introduction: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) accounts for ~50% of heart failure cases and is characterized by impaired relaxation, ventricular stiffening and fibrosis. Growth hormone releasing hormone-agonists (GHRH-As) reduce fibrosis in rat and swine models of ischemic myocardial injury. However, their therapeutic effect in HFpEF is unknown. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that activation of GHRH receptor signaling prevents pathological remodeling and targets cardio-myocyte (CM) excitation-contraction coupling, ameliorating the compromised myocardial performance associated with HFpEF. Methods: CD1 mice implanted with a mini-osmotic pump (Alzet) to deliver angiotensin-II (Ang-II) for 8 weeks, were randomized at week 4 to receive daily injections of either GHRH-A (MR-356; n=12) or vehicle (n=12). Echocardiographic data and pressure-volume loops were recorded. Biometric measurements and fibrosis were assessed. CMs were isolated and intracellular Ca2 + and sarcomere length acquired. Results: Ang-II-treated mice exhibited functional and morphologic features consistent with HFpEF. CMs exhibited reduced sarcomere length, indicating an inability to relax. The Ca2 + decay rate and sarcomere re-lengthening were delayed. MR-356 treatment reverted the structural remodeling, including fibrosis, improving diastolic function (Figure Top panel). This treatment also abrogated the HFpEF-associated delay in Ca2 + decay and further enhanced sarcomere re-lengthening rate (Figure Bottom panel). Conclusions: Our findings confirm that chronic infusion of Ang-II mediates functional changes in CMs consistent with HFpEF and demonstrate that activation of GHRH receptor signaling pathways targets mechanisms of excitation-contraction coupling, inflammation and fibrosis, thereby preventing HFpEF-associated dysfunctional CM relaxation and myocardial remodeling.
Transmission Electron Microscopy Study of Polycrystalline Si and Si0.69Ge0.31 Thin Films (2001)

A combination of conventional and high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) was used to investigate the structure of polysilicon and poly-Si 0.69 Ge 0.31 thin films. The polysilicon and Si 0.69 Ge 0.31 films were grown by chemical-vapor-deposition (CVD) using SiCl 2 H 2 at 790°C and SiCl 2 H 2 /GeH 4 at 600°C, respectively. The grain morphology was columnar in all cases. Overall, the morphology of the films, on the level of conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM), was very similar. HREM images showed that the polysilicon film contained less substructure inside grains and had fewer multiple twins and more extended twin bands than Si 0.69 Ge 0.31 . Twins with perfect five-fold symmetry were observed in Si 0.69 Ge 0.31 , but not in polysilicon. These five-fold twins are less than 18 monolayers in radius, in agreement with theory. Cross-sectional HREM images indicate that micro-twins form during the initial phase of the film growth. The atomic structure of the second-order twin boundary in Si 0.69 Ge 0.31 was found to be identical to that reported for the second-order twin boundary in Si.
Implicit HRTF Modeling Using Temporal Convolutional Networks (2021)

Estimation of accurate head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) is crucial to achieve realistic binaural acoustic experiences. HRTFs depend on source/listener locations and are therefore expensive and cumbersome to measure; traditional approaches require listener-dependent measurements of HRTFs at thousands of distinct spatial directions in an anechoic chamber. In this work, we present a data-driven approach to learn HRTFs implicitly with a neural network that achieves state of the art results compared to traditional approaches but relies on a much simpler data capture that can be performed in arbitrary, non-anechoic rooms. Despite that simpler and less acoustically ideal data capture, our deep learning based approach learns HRTF of high quality. We show in a perceptual study that the produced binaural audio is ranked on par with traditional DSP approaches by humans and illustrate that interaural time differences (ITDs), interaural level differences (ILDs) and spectral clues are accurately estimated.
Data from Eradication of Acute Myeloid Leukemia with FLT3 Ligand–Targeted miR-150 Nanoparticles (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common and fatal form of hematopoietic malignancy. Overexpression and/or mutations of &lt;i&gt;FLT3&lt;/i&gt; have been shown to occur in the majority of cases of AML. Our analysis of a large-scale AML patient cohort (&lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt; = 562) indicates that &lt;i&gt;FLT3&lt;/i&gt; is particularly highly expressed in some subtypes of AML, such as AML with t(11q23)/&lt;i&gt;MLL&lt;/i&gt;-rearrangements or &lt;i&gt;FLT3&lt;/i&gt;-ITD. Such AML subtypes are known to be associated with unfavorable prognosis. To treat &lt;i&gt;FLT3&lt;/i&gt;-overexpressing AML, we developed a novel targeted nanoparticle system: FLT3 ligand (FLT3L)-conjugated G7 poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) nanosized dendriplex encapsulating miR-150, a pivotal tumor suppressor and negative regulator of &lt;i&gt;FLT3&lt;/i&gt;. We show that the FLT3L-guided miR-150 nanoparticles selectively and efficiently target &lt;i&gt;FLT3&lt;/i&gt;-overexpressing AML cells and significantly inhibit viability/growth and promote apoptosis of the AML cells. Our proof-of-concept animal model studies demonstrate that the FLT3L-guided miR-150 nanoparticles tend to concentrate in bone marrow, and significantly inhibit progression of &lt;i&gt;FLT3&lt;/i&gt;-overexpressing AML &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;, while exhibiting no obvious side effects on normal hematopoiesis. Collectively, we have developed a novel targeted therapeutic strategy, using FLT3L-guided miR-150–based nanoparticles, to treat &lt;i&gt;FLT3&lt;/i&gt;-overexpressing AML with high efficacy and minimal side effects. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 76(15); 4470–80. ©2016 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: 3‐(2‐(3‐Pyridinyl)thiazolidin‐4‐oyl)indoles, a Novel Series of Platelet Activating Factor Antagonists. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The effect of extraanatomic bypass on aortic input impedance studied in open chest dogs. Should the vascular prosthesis be compliant to unload the left ventricle? (1991)

Left ventricular hypertrophy has been reported after ascending aorta-abdominal aorta bypass, despite seemingly insignificant changes in cardiac output and mean arterial pressure. Such a bypass procedure may be used for the treatment of complex coarctation of the aorta, hypoplastic aortic arch, or thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm. To investigate the effect of the bypass procedure on left ventricular afterload, we measured aortic input impedance in six open chest dogs by placing a knitted Dacron graft from the ascending aorta to the abdominal aorta and occluding the aortic arch. Cardiac output and mean arterial pressure remained unaltered throughout the experiment, consistent with clinical reports. Systolic pressure increased by 25% of control, and the ratio of diastolic pressure-time index to tension-time index decreased by 27%. The measured input impedance was then approximated with the three-element windkessel model, which consists of resistance, compliance, and characteristic impedance (average of impedance modulus between 5 and 15 Hz). There was no change in resistance and compliance; characteristic impedance increased to 255% of control. Connecting an air chamber to the vascular prosthesis doubled the compliance and decreased the characteristic impedance nearly to the control value without altering resistance. It also reduced the systolic pressure by 14% of the bypass protocol and increased the ratio of diastolic pressure-time index to tension-time index (by 32% of control value and 82% of bypass value). Arterial systolic pressure and pulse pressure were both linearly correlated with the characteristic impedance. Thus we conclude that although ascending aorta-abdominal aorta bypass does not affect cardiac output, mean arterial pressure, resistance, or compliance, it does increase characteristic impedance. Left ventricular systolic load is directly correlated with characteristic impedance. Increased systolic wall stress might be the cause of left ventricular hypertrophy of the previously reported cases. Because decrease in the distensibility of the proximal aorta is one of the factors causing the increase in characteristic impedance, using a compliant graft might help to unload the heart.
A Novel and Efficient Approach to (Z)-1,2-Bis(benzodithienyl)ethene Precursors of Tetrathia[7]helicenes (2005)

A new and efficient method for the ‘one-step’ synthesis of (Z)-1,2-bis(benzodithienyl)ethenes has been set up using double Suzuki coupling between stereochemically defined diboronic acid esters and 2-iodo-benzodithiophene. The new Z-alkenes thus obtained can be easily and efficiently photochemically cyclised to the newly substituted tetrathia[7]helicenes.
PatchmatchNet: Learned Multi-View Patchmatch Stereo (2021)

We present PatchmatchNet, a novel and learnable cascade formulation of Patchmatch for high-resolution multi-view stereo. With high computation speed and low memory requirement, PatchmatchNet can process higher resolution imagery and is more suited to run on resource limited devices than competitors that employ 3D cost volume regularization. For the first time we introduce an iterative multi-scale Patchmatch in an end-to-end trainable architecture and improve the Patchmatch core algorithm with a novel and learned adaptive propagation and evaluation scheme for each iteration. Extensive experiments show a very competitive performance and generalization for our method on DTU, Tanks & Temples and ETH3D, but at a significantly higher efficiency than all existing top-performing models: at least two and a half times faster than state-of-the-art methods with twice less memory usage. Code is available at https://github.com/FangjinhuaWang/PatchmatchNet.
Multiscale Characterization of the Mechanical Properties of Fibrin and Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering Applications (2021)

Abstract Shear rheology and atomic force microscopy (AFM) are used to characterize the stiffness of hydrogels in tissue engineering applications, with several studies reporting differences of several orders of magnitude in the elastic moduli determined by these two methods. This work compares the elastic properties of soft fibrin and polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels used for stem cell applications, determined by AFM indentation with different probe sizes (from nano‐ to micrometer) to shear rheometry data. For all hydrogels, AFM nanoscale probing consistently yields higher elastic modulus ( E ) values and variability than micrometer‐probe indentation, while the shear modulus ( G ) values determined are the lowest. Colloidal probe AFM results are closer to rheology data for the stiffest samples, where E/G ratios converge to the theoretical Trouton ratio of 3. The results suggest that high polymer concentration hydrogels are better described by the affine elastic network theory, whereas low polymer concentration hydrogels deviate significantly from the Trouton ratio. Thus, for soft hydrogels relevant for stem cell culture, the assumption E = 3G is often invalid and care should be taken when comparing data from studies where different characterization methods are used in order to discern the impact of material properties on cell behavior.
Liquid Cooled Systems (2013)

In the cooling of electronic equipment, liquid cooling is frequently applied to high power electronic equipment because of its high heat transfer capability. Liquid cooling can further be divided into single- and two-phase flow systems. The latter involves phase change processes such as boiling or condensation that greatly increases the heat transfer capability by utilization of the latent heat. In addition, the phase change process takes place at the constant temperature.
The Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 ABC Transporter NppA1A2BCD Is Required for Uptake of Peptidyl Nucleoside Antibiotics (2015)

One of the world's most serious health problems is the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. There is a desperate need to find novel antibiotic therapeutics that either act on new biological targets or are able to bypass known resistance mechanisms. Bacterial ABC transporters play an important role in nutrient uptake from the environment. These uptake systems could also be exploited by a Trojan horse strategy to facilitate the transport of antibiotics into bacterial cells. Several natural antibiotics mimic substrates of peptide uptake routes. In this study, we analyzed an ABC transporter involved in the uptake of nucleoside peptidyl antibiotics. Our data might help to design drug conjugates that may hijack this uptake system to gain access to cells.
DUAL-ANTENNA SYSTEM COMPOSED OF PATCH ARRAY AND PLANAR YAGI ANTENNA FOR ELIMINATION OF BLINDNESS IN CELLULAR MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS (2011)

For a cellular mobile communication system in narrow streets of urban areas, blind spots caused by shadowing of high buildings are a signiflcant problem. In this research, a new dual- antenna system (DAS) is proposed, including a power transmission network, a receiving and a reradiating antenna to realize a broad- angle beam control. An equivalent bi-static radar cross section (BRCS) is deduced to present a theoretical explanation to the operating principles of the DAS. The main advantage of this design over ordinary re∞ectarray antenna as a passive RF booster is its ∞exible beam control capabilities. The simulated BRCS of the proposed DAS, composed