gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wi-Fly (2017)

More than half of the world's population face barriers in accessing the Internet. A recent ITU study estimates that 2.6 billion people cannot afford connectivity and that 3.8 billion do not have access. Recent proposals for providing low-cost connectivity include fielding of drones and long-lasting balloons in the stratosphere. We propose a more economical alternative, which we refer to as Wi-Fly, that leverages existing commercial planes to provide Internet connectivity to remote regions. In Wi-Fly we enable communication between a lightweight Wi-Fi device on commercial planes and ground stations, resulting in connectivity in regions that do not otherwise have low-cost Internet connectivity. Wi-Fly leverages existing ADS-B signals from planes as a control channel to ensure that there is a strong link from the plane to the ground, and that the stations intelligently wake up and associate to the appropriate AP. For our experimentation, we have customized two airplanes to conduct measurements. Through empirical experiments with test flights and simulations, we show that Wi-Fly and its extensions have the potential to provide connectivity to the most remote regions of the world at a significantly lower cost than existing alternatives.
Resistance to Both Complement Activation and Phagocytosis in Type 3 Pneumococci Is Mediated by the Binding of Complement Regulatory Protein Factor H (1999)

To study the role of surface-associated proteins in the virulence of Streptococcus pneumoniae, we used two serotype 3 strains, ATCC 6303 and WU2, and two PspA-negative mutants of WU2, an encapsulated one, JY1123 (Caps(+)/PspA(-)), and an unencapsulated one, DW3.8 (Caps(-)/PspA(-)). ATCC 6303 and WU2 were highly virulent in mice, while the virulence of JY1123 was slightly decreased (50% lethal doses [LD(50)s], 24, 6, and 147 CFU/mouse, respectively); DW3.8 was avirulent (LD(50), 2 x 10(8) CFU). In vitro, ATCC 6303, WU2, and JY1123 (Caps(+)/PspA(-)) strongly resisted complement activation and complement-dependent opsonophagocytosis, whereas DW3.8 (Caps(-)/PspA(-)) was easily phagocytized in fresh serum. Trypsin treatment of ATCC 6303, WU2, and JY1123 (Caps(+)/PspA(-)) resulted in enhanced complement activation and complement-dependent opsonophagocytosis. Trypsin had no deleterious effect on the polysaccharide capsule. In addition, trypsin pretreatment of ATCC 6303 strongly reduced virulence upon intraperitoneal challenge in mice. This indicated that surface proteins play a role in the resistance to complement activation and opsonophagocytosis and contribute to the virulence of type 3 pneumococci. In subsequent experiments, we could show that the modulation of complement activation was associated with surface components that bind complement regulator factor H; binding is trypsin sensitive and independent of prior complement activation. Immunoblotting of cell wall proteins of the virulent strain ATCC 6303 with anti-human factor H antibody revealed three factor H-binding proteins of 88, 150, and 196 kDa. Immunogold electron microscopy showed a close association of factor H-binding components with the outer surface of the cell wall. The role of these factor H-binding surface proteins in the virulence of pneumococci is interesting and warrants further investigation.
A MONOCLONAL ANTI-IDIOTYPIC ANTIBODY THAT MIMICKS THE LEWIS Y CARBOHYDRATE ANTIGEN - CROSSREACTIVITY TO A CDR-GRAFTED VERSION OF AB1 AS PROOF OF INTERNAL IMAGE PROPERTIES (1993)

Journal of Immunotherapy with Emphasis on Tumor Immunology: November 1993 - Volume 14 - Issue 4 - p 357
Evaluation of optimal ordering method for coupling point production system (2003)

A new ordering system aims to prevent running out of stock, to limit replenishment quantities and to keep reasonable stock levels for multiple items. In the lot-size re-order system and the interval re-order system, replenishment intervals or quantities are determined by each system after replenishment items are decided. When both re-order systems run for multiple items, the total replenishment quantity usually exceeds the limited capacity. The problem of limited capacity was solved by production scheduling or supply lead-time delay. We propose an optimal ordering method, to be controlled by the margin stock ratio under limited capacity. The margin stock ratio is defined by the prediction of the out-of-stock situation that is calculated by the available inventory stock and by the demand quantities of the supply lead-time period. After each item is arranged according to the margin stock ratio, replenishment items are determined under the limited capacity. This new method has been successfully applied to a window-frame manufacturing process.
[PPN] 2 [Ru 3 (CO) 11 ] and [PPN] 2 [Os 3 (CO) 11 ], μ‐Nitrido‐Bis(Triphenylphosphorus)(1+) Undecacarbonyltriruthenate(2—) and Undecacarbonyltriosmate(2—) (1998)

This chapter contains sections titled: Bis[μ-Nitrido-Bis(Triphenylphosphorus)(1+)]Undecacarbonyltriosmate(2-),[PPN]2[Ru3(CO)11] μ-Nitrido-Bis(Triphenylphposphorus)(1+)Undecacarbonyltriosmate(2-),[PPN]2[Os3(CO)11]
The Arabidopsis pattern recognition receptor EFR enhances fire blight resistance in apple (2021)

Fire blight disease, caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora (E. amylovora), is responsible for substantial losses in cultivated apples worldwide. An important mechanism of plant immunity is based on the recognition of conserved microbial molecules, named pathogen-associated or microbe-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs or MAMPs), through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), leading to pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). The interspecies transfer of PRRs represents a promising strategy to engineer broad-spectrum and durable disease resistance in crops. EFR, the Arabidopsis thaliana PRR for the PAMP elf18 derived from the elongation factor thermal unstable (EF-Tu) proved to be effective in improving bacterial resistance when expressed into Solanaceae and other plant species. In this study, we tested whether EFR can affect the interaction of apple with E. amylovora by its ectopic expression in the susceptible apple rootstock M.26. Stable EFR expression led to the activation of PAMP-triggered immune response in apple leaves upon treatment with supernatant of E. amylovora, as measured by the production of reactive oxygen species and the induction of known defense genes. The amount of tissue necrosis associated with E. amylovora infection was significantly reduced in the EFR transgenic rootstock compared to the wild-type. Our results show that the expression of EFR in apple rootstock may be a valuable biotechnology strategy to improve the resistance of apple to fire blight.
A domain-decomposition/reciprocity technique for the analysis of arbitrarily-shaped dielectric-loaded microstrip antennas mounted on circularly-cylindrical platforms (2002)

Werner, Mouyis and Mitra (see IP Annual Review of Progress in Applied Computational Electromagnetics, vol.1, p.508-515, 1999) introduced an approach for calculating the far-field radiation patterns for microstrip patch antennas mounted on dielectric-coated circular cylinders using the reciprocity technique. This paper presents an extension for this procedure to include the effects of a superstrate in the far-field radiation patterns of these antennas. The superstrate analysis procedure is shown to be both accurate and efficient, possessing the same advantages as the substrate-only analysis. The example of an elliptical microstrip patch antenna mounted on a dielectric-coated circularly-cylindrical platform with a superstrate covering is presented to demonstrate the accuracy and usefulness of this technique.
Determination of the <sup>18</sup>O/<sup>16</sup>O isotopic ratio for doubly labeled water by using cavity ring-down spectroscopy (2006)

We measured the isotopic ratio of <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">18</sup> O/ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">16</sup> O in water using a cavity ring-down spectrometer operating near 1392 nm wavelength. Spectral scans took 5 seconds, and the per-scan ratio noise was 0.7 parts per thousand.
On spectral purity of a soliton microcomb as a function of pump detuning and mode temperature (2021)

We improve spectral purity of a repetition frequency of a 300 GHz soliton microcomb by 44 times down to frequency stability as low as 1 . 5 × 10 − 9 in empirically-driven experimental conditions that we describe in this work.
A reconfigurable multi-camera architecture for high resolution objects analysis (2005)

In this paper, a multi-camera architecture is presented for heterogeneous targets analysis and tracking. The proposed system can be switched in various configurations enabling automatic and human driven scene analysis. To achieve this, different control strategies have been implemented in order to optimize results in terms of perceptual image quality and pointing precisions.
Detection of Streptococcus spp. from Culture Negative Clinical Specimens by PCR & Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry after initiation of Antimicrobial Treatment (2012)

Clinical specimens are commonly obtained for culture after initiation of antimicrobial treatment. This results in continuation of antimicrobial treatment when suspicion of infection remains high even if cultures are negative. When viable organisms are NOT captured and cultures are negative, the entire treatment course is likely to be empiric. The sensitivity and timeliness of culture results are influenced by many factors, but in hospitalized patients previously administered and/or concurrent antimicrobial treatment is a common confounding factor. Common initial antibiotic regimens typically target streptococci. When pathogens are not recovered in culture, the entire empiric treatment will likely include therapy for streptococci.
Cardiolipin synthesis is required to support human cholesterol biosynthesis from palmitate upon serum removal in Hela cellsThis article is one of a selection of papers published in a special issue celebrating the 125th anniversary of the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Manitoba. (2009)

We examined whether cardiolipin (CL) synthesis was required to support cholesterol (CH) production from palmitate in Hela cells. Knockdown of human cardiolipin synthase-1 (hCLS1) in Hela cells has been shown to reduce CL synthesis. Therefore Hela cells stably expressing shRNA for hCLS1 and mock control cells were incubated for 16 h with [14C(U)]palmitate bound to albumin (1:1 molar ratio) in the absence or presence of serum. Knockdown of hCLS1 in Hela cells resulted in a reduction in [14C(U)]palmitate incorporation into CL and CH. This reduction in [14C(U)]palmitate incorporation into CH was most pronounced during incubation under serum-free conditions. The reduction in [14C(U)]palmitate incorporation into CH was not due to alterations in total uptake of [14C(U)]palmitate into cells or altered palmitate metabolism, since [14C(U)]palmitate incorporation into phosphatidylcholine, the major [14C(U)]palmitate-containing lipid, and its immediate precursor, 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol, were unaffected by hCLS1 knockdown. In addition, knockdown of hCLS1 did not affect CH pool size, indicating that CH catabolism was unaltered. Hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase enzyme activity and its mRNA expression were reduced by knockdown of hCLS1 and this was most pronounced in Hela cells cultured under serum-free conditions. These data indicate that CL synthesis is required to support human de novo CH biosynthesis under conditions of increased demand for CH.
The effect of sodium species on methanol synthesis and water–gas shift Cu/ZnO catalysts: utilising high purity zincian georgeite (2016)

The effect of sodium species on the physical and catalytic properties of Cu/ZnO catalysts derived from zincian georgeite has been investigated. Catalysts prepared with <100 ppm to 2.1 wt% Na<sup>+</sup>, using a supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> antisolvent technique, were characterised and tested for the low temperature water-gas shift reaction and also CO<sub>2</sub> hydrogenation to methanol. It was found that zincian georgeite catalyst precursor stability was dependent on the Na<sup>+</sup> concentration, with the 2.1 wt% Na<sup>+</sup>-containing sample uncontrollably ageing to malachite and sodium zinc carbonate. Samples with lower Na<sup>+</sup> contents (<100-2500 ppm) remained as the amorphous zincian georgeite phase, which on calcination and reduction resulted in similar CuO/Cu particle sizes and Cu surface areas. The aged 2.1 wt% Na<sup>+</sup> containing sample, after calcination and reduction, was found to comprise of larger CuO crystallites and a lower Cu surface area. However, calcination of the high Na<sup>+</sup> sample immediately after precipitation (before ageing) resulted in a comparable CuO/Cu particle size to the lower (<100-2500 ppm) Na<sup>+</sup> containing samples, but with a lower Cu surface area, which indicates that Na<sup>+</sup> species block Cu sites. Activity of the catalysts for the water-gas shift reaction and methanol yields in the methanol synthesis reaction correlated with Na<sup>+</sup> content, suggesting that Na<sup>+</sup> directly poisons the catalyst. In situ XRD analysis showed that the ZnO crystallite size and consequently Cu crystallite size increased dramatically in the presence of water in a syn-gas reaction mixture, showing that stabilisation of nanocrystalline ZnO is required. Sodium species have a moderate effect on ZnO and Cu crystallite growth rate, with lower Na<sup>+</sup> content resulting in slightly reduced rates of growth under reaction conditions.
Cell-free and alkylated hemoproteins improve survival in mouse models of carbon monoxide poisoning (2022)

I.v. administration of a high-affinity carbon monoxide-binding (CO-binding) molecule, recombinant neuroglobin, can improve survival in CO poisoning mouse models. The current study aims to discover how biochemical variables of the scavenger determine the CO removal from the RBCs by evaluating 3 readily available hemoproteins, 2,3-diphosphoglycerate stripped human hemoglobin (StHb); N-ethylmaleimide modified hemoglobin (NEMHb); and equine myoglobin (Mb). These molecules efficiently sequester CO from hemoglobin in erythrocytes in vitro. A kinetic model was developed to predict the CO binding efficacy for hemoproteins, based on their measured in vitro oxygen and CO binding affinities, suggesting that the therapeutic efficacy of hemoproteins for CO poisoning relates to a high M value, which is the binding affinity for CO relative to oxygen (KA,CO/KA,O2). In a lethal CO poisoning mouse model, StHb, NEMHb, and Mb improved survival by 100%, 100%, and 60%, respectively, compared with saline controls and were well tolerated in 48-hour toxicology assessments. In conclusion, both StHb and NEMHb have high CO binding affinities and M values, and they scavenge CO efficiently in vitro and in vivo, highlighting their therapeutic potential for point-of-care antidotal therapy of CO poisoning.
A High Order Spectral Volume method for equations containing third spatial derivatives using an Interior Penalty Formulationulatio (2011)

In this paper, we present an interior penalty formulation for solving equations containing third spatial derivative terms, in the context of a high order spectral volume method. The motivation for this approach comes from the “penalization method” formulated by Kannan and Wang (Kannan R, Wang Z.J., “A Study of Viscous Flux Formulations for a p-Multigrid Spectral Volume Navier Stokes Solver, “Journal of Scientific Computing, 41(2), 2009, 165 - 199) developed for discretizing the second order viscous fluxes. A linear Fourier analysis was performed to compare and contrast the dispersion and the dissipation properties of the new formulation and the existing LDG (Local Discontinuous Galerkin) formulation. The analyses performed on the linear and the cubic partitions showed improvement over the traditional LDG formulation. The analysis performed on the quadratic partition showed significant dispersion, when compared to the LDG scheme. The new formulation is easy to implement and is highly symmetrical. Numerical experiments were conducted and the results were in accord with the analysis results. In general, the formulation is general and can be used even for higher dimension problems.
Dendritic and Multipodal Liquid-Crystalline Materials Based on Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Carbosilazane Cores (2001)

Abstract The synthesis of the first inorganic-organic hybrid liquid crystal dendrimers, which exhibit enantiotropic nematic and smectic C phase behaviour is presented and the liquid-crystalline phase properties are discussed. Key Words: Liquid CrystalsDendrimersInorganic-Organic Hybrid MaterialsNematicCarbosilazane
Improvement of capacitive performance of polyaniline based hybrid supercapacitor (2021)

This study focuses on synthesis of polyaniline composites and application as electrode material in the fabrication of hybrid supercapacitors. Hybrid supercapacitors were fabricated using aluminum foil as current collector, and conductive Polyaniline (PANI) composites as electrode materials. Cobalt oxide (Co<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>), ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS) were used along with PANI in the preparation of electrodes of the supercapacitor. Polyaniline and its various composites were used in the cathode and activated carbon in the anode (positive electrodes) of the asymmetric hybrid supercapacitor. Electrochemical performance of the supercapacitors has been evaluated on the basis of capacitive properties (i.e. capacitance, energy density and power density). Area of the supercapacitor, applied voltage for charging and composition of cathode materials have been optimized in this study. The optimum area of the supercapacitor was found 30 cm<sup>2</sup> at optimum voltage 5 V. The result showed that supercapacitor fabricated using polyaniline (PANI) as cathode material with Al foil as current collector provided highest capacitance of 249 F/g, Energy density of 31 Wh/kg and Power density of 18 W/kg. Among various PANI composites (Ni-PANI, Cu-PANI, CNF-PANI) synthesized in this study, Ni-PANI composite showed highest capacitance of 336 F/g, energy density of 42 Wh/kg, and power density of 31 W/kg. The result indicates that Ni-PANI composite has high potential as cathode materials for the hybrid supercapacitor.
Supplementary Table S3 from Unexpected Activities in Regulating Ciliation Contribute to Off-target Effects of Targeted Drugs (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S3. List of primers used for qRT-PCR.&lt;/p&gt;
Oxa‐Michael Addition to α,β‐Unsaturated Nitriles: An Expedient Route to γ‐Amino Alcohols and Derivatives (2018)

Abstract Water addition to α,β‐unsaturated nitriles would give facile access to the β‐hydroxy‐nitriles, which in turn can be hydrogenated to the γ‐amino alcohols. We have previously shown that alcohols readily add in 1,4‐fashion to these substrates using Milstein's Ru(PNN) pincer complex as catalyst. However, attempted water addition to α,β‐unsaturated nitriles gave the 3‐hydroxynitriles in mediocre yields. On the other hand, addition of benzyl alcohol proceeded in excellent yields for a variety of β‐substituted unsaturated nitriles. Subsequent treatment of the benzyl alcohol addition products with TMSCl/FeCl 3 resulted in the formation of 3‐hydroxy‐alkylnitriles. The 3‐benzyloxy‐alkylnitriles obtained from oxa‐Michael addition also could be hydrogenated directly in the presence of acid to give the amino alcohols as their HCl salts in excellent yields. Hydrogenation under neutral conditions gave a mixture of the secondary and tertiary amines. Hydrogenation in the presence of base and Boc‐anhydride gave the orthogonally bis‐protected amino alcohols, in which the benzyl ether can subsequently be cleaved to yield Boc‐protected amino alcohols. Thus, a variety of molecular scaffolds with a 1,3‐relationship between O ‐ and N ‐functional group is accessible starting from oxa‐Michael addition of benzyl alcohol to α,β‐unsaturated nitriles.
On the Existence of Pseudorandom Generators (1993)

Pseudorandom generators (suggested and developed by Blum and Micali and Yao) are efficient deterministic programs that expand a randomly selected k-bit seed into a much longer pseudorandom bit sequence that is indistinguishable in polynomial time from an (equally long) sequence of unbiased coin tosses. A fundamental question is to find simple conditions, as the existence of one-way functions, which suffice for constructing pseudorandom generators. This paper considers regular functions, in which every image of a k-bit string has the same number of preimages of length k. This paper shows how to construct pseudorandom generators from any regular one-way function.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkyne Metathesis with Simple Catalyst Systems: Efficient Synthesis of Conjugated Polymers Containing Vinyl Groups in Main or Side Chain. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Farnesyl transferase inhibitors induce extended remissions in transgenic mice with mature B cell lymphomas (2008)

FTI treatment can block the proliferation and survival of self-reactive transformed B cells that overexpress Myc. In mice transplanted with mature B cell lymphomas, we found that FTI treatment led to regression of disease. FTIs warrant further consideration as therapeutic agents for mature B cell lymphomas and other lymphoid tumors.
Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of analgesic 6-substituted 2(3H)-benzothiazolones. (2001)

A series of novel 6-substituted-2(3H)-benzothiazolones were synthesized and studied as analgesic agents. Among these compounds, two of them were found to exhibit potent analgesic activity in several in vivo tests (acetic acid writhing, Koster, carrageenan and PGE2 hyperalgesia). In these tests the most active compound of this series, i.e. 6-benzoyl-2(3H)-benzothiazolone (4a) was found to be superior to acetylsalicylic acid and equivalent to glafenine. The present study allows to conclude that 4a represents a new type of antinociceptive agent acting in periphery by inhibiting the cyclo-oxygenase pathway and promoting the release of an opioid peptide.
Measurement sampling criteria for optimization of the Lee's macroscopic propagation model (2002)

Lee's (1974) macroscopic propagation model is one of the most widely used propagation models due to its ability to achieve good prediction accuracy while still remaining relatively simple and intuitive. Another very important feature of the Lee model is that its prediction ability can be significantly improved by the incorporation of measurement data. Commonly, the measured data is used to optimize two parameters of the model, namely one-mile intercept and slope. This paper addresses the incorporation of the measured data from the standpoint of received signal level sampling. In particular, we discuss statistical criteria imposed on the received signal level sampling that have to be satisfied in order to achieve a valid propagation model optimization.
3D Lifetime Tomography Reveals How CdCl2 Improves Recombination Throughout CdTe Solar Cells (2016)

Using two-photon tomography, carrier lifetimes are mapped in polycrystalline CdTe photovoltaic devices. These 3D maps probe subsurface carrier dynamics that are inaccessible with traditional optical techniques. They reveal that CdCl<sub>2</sub> treatment of CdTe solar cells suppresses nonradiative recombination and enhances carrier lifetimes throughout the film with substantial improvements particularly near subsurface grain boundaries and the critical buried p-n junction.