gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interferon Action:Effect on the Formation of Poxvirus Specific Polysomes and Viral RNA (1970)

Treatment of chick embryo fibroblast cells or mouse L-cells with homologous interferon resulted in a reduced formation of poxvirus specific polysomes and of viral RNA. In chick cells infected with cowpox virus the reduced formation of viral polysomes and virus-specific RNA after pretreatment of cells with interferon was observed at all timepoints studied (1 - 6 hours p. i.). Exposure of cells to poly I: poly C caused a similar effect. In mouse L-cells infected with vaccinia WR virus pretreatment with interferon did not result in a reduced formation of viral polysomes or virus-specific RNA up to 1 hour p. i. At about 45 min even a slight increase of the formation of viral polysomes and RNA was observed. At later stages of infection (2 -4 hours p. i.) a reduced synthesis of viral polysomes and RNA was seen, similar to that found in the chicken fibroblast system.
Interrogation of Benzomalvin Biosynthesis Using Fungal Artificial Chromosomes with Metabolomic Scoring (FAC-MS): Discovery of a Benzodiazepine Synthase Activity (2018)

The benzodiazepine benzomalvin A/D is a fungally derived specialized metabolite and inhibitor of the substance P receptor NK1, biosynthesized by a three-gene nonribosomal peptide synthetase cluster. Here, we utilize fungal artificial chromosomes with metabolomic scoring (FAC-MS) to perform molecular genetic pathway dissection and targeted metabolomics analysis to assign the in vivo role of each domain in the benzomalvin biosynthetic pathway. The use of FAC-MS identified the terminal cyclizing condensation domain as BenY-C<sub>T</sub> and the internal C-domains as BenZ-C<sub>1</sub> and BenZ-C<sub>2</sub>. Unexpectedly, we also uncovered evidence suggesting BenY-C<sub>T</sub> or a yet to be identified protein mediates benzodiazepine formation, representing the first reported benzodiazepine synthase enzymatic activity. This work informs understanding of what defines a fungal C<sub>T</sub> domain and shows how the FAC-MS platform can be used as a tool for in vivo analyses of specialized metabolite biosynthesis and for the discovery and dissection of new enzyme activities.
AutoAI-TS: AutoAI for Time Series Forecasting (2021)

A large number of time series forecasting models including traditional statistical models, machine learning models and more recently deep learning have been proposed in the literature. However, choosing the right model along with good parameter values that performs well on a given data is still challenging. Automatically providing a good set of models to users for a given dataset saves both time and effort from using trial-and-error approaches with a wide variety of available models along with parameter optimization. We present AutoAI for Time Series Forecasting (AutoAI-TS) that provides users with a zero configuration (zero-conf ) system to efficiently train, optimize and choose best forecasting model among various classes of models for the given dataset. With its flexible zero-conf design, AutoAI-TS automatically performs all the data preparation, model creation, parameter optimization, training and model selection for users and provides a trained model that is ready to use. For given data, AutoAI-TS utilizes a wide variety of models including classical statistical models, Machine Learning (ML) models, statistical-ML hybrid models and deep learning models along with various transformations to create forecasting pipelines. It then evaluates and ranks pipelines using the proposed T-Daub mechanism to choose the best pipeline. The paper describe in detail all the technical aspects of AutoAI-TS along with extensive benchmarking on a variety of real world data sets for various use-cases. Benchmark results show that AutoAI-TS, with no manual configuration from the user, automatically trains and selects pipelines that on average outperform existing state-of-the-art time series forecasting toolkits.
Palladium-Catalyzed C–H Amination of C(sp2) and C(sp3)–H Bonds: Mechanism and Scope for N-Based Molecule Synthesis (2018)

Nitrogen-containing compounds are the most common structural architectures in drug candidates, natural and biological products, and small-molecule therapeutics. Within the body of work of transition-metal-catalyzed direct C–H amination reactions, palladium remains in the forefront and has been established as one of the most useful transition metals for C–N bond formation. The fundamental organometallic reactivity of palladium in its 0, I, II, III, and IV oxidation states make it special and useful in challenging carbon–heteroatom bond-formation reactions. Palladium undergoes facile formation of chelation-assisted palladacycle and palladium-nitrenoid intermediates that open an avenue for new bond formation. It has been utilized in various new synthetic approaches toward both intermolecular and intramolecular C–N bond formation reactions that employ nitrogen sources ranging from free, unprotected amines to electrophilic nitrogen sources. Palladium’s compatibility with various functional groups and oxidants as well as the mild reaction conditions (temperature and air atmosphere) used with this metal have attracted many scientists to the area and will continue to advance new mechanistic insights and opportunities to explore palladium catalysis for C–N bond synthesis. Here, we summarize the progress of Pd-catalyzed C–N bond advances involving both the reaction development and mechanisms in numerous synthetically useful intra- and intermolecular C–H catalytic aminations.
Localization of dopamine D2 receptor mRNA and D1 and D2 receptor binding in the rat brain and pituitary: an in situ hybridization- receptor autoradiographic analysis (1990)

Several lines of evidence suggest the existence of multiple dopamine receptor subtypes, referred to as D1 and D2. The present study examines the distribution of these dopamine binding sites in the rat brain and pituitary in relation to the distribution of D2 receptor mRNA using a combination of in vitro receptor autoradiographic and in situ hybridization techniques. 3H-Raclopride and 3H-SCH23390 (in the presence of 1 microM ketanserin) were used to label D2 and D1 receptor binding sites, respectively, while a 495 bp cRNA probe synthesized from the Sac I-Bgl II fragment of a rat D2 receptor cDNA was used to visualize the D2 receptor mRNA. Analysis of adjacent tissue sections in which receptor autoradiography and in situ hybridization had been performed revealed several brain regions where the D2 binding site and corresponding mRNA appear to be similarly distributed, including the caudate-putamen, nucleus accumbens, olfactory tubercle, globus pallidus, substantia nigra, and ventral tegmental area. In the pituitary gland, D2 binding sites and mRNA appear to be codistributed with very dense levels in the intermediate lobe and individually labeled cells in the anterior lobe. Brain regions demonstrating a lack of correspondence between the distribution of the D2 binding site and D2 receptor mRNA include the olfactory bulb, neocortex, paleocortex, hippocampus, and zona incerta. Several hypotheses are discussed to explain the lack of correspondence in certain brain regions; these include the localization of receptor binding sites on both fibers and cell bodies and receptor transport. These studies provide a better understanding of the anatomical distribution of the D2 receptor and serve as a framework for future regulatory and anatomical mapping studies. By focusing on specific brain regions, such as the nigrostriatal system, hippocampus, and olfactory bulb, they provide insights into D2 receptor synthesis, transport, and insertion into cell membranes.
Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensing Using Ni60Nb40Nanoglass (2020)

Despite being researched for nearly five decades, chemical application of metallic glass is scarcely explored. Here we show electrochemical nonenzymatic glucose-sensing ability of nickel-niobium (Ni<sub>60</sub>Nb<sub>40</sub>) amorphous alloys in alkaline medium. Three different Ni<sub>60</sub>Nb<sub>40</sub> systems with the same elemental composition, but varying microstructures are created following different synthetic routes and tested for their glucose-sensing performance. Among melt-spun ribbon, nanoglass, and amorphous-crystalline nanocomposite materials, nanoglass showed the best performance in terms of high anodic current density, sensitivity (20 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> mM<sup>-1</sup>), limit of detection (100 nM glucose), stability, reproducibility (above 5000 cycles), and sensing accuracy among nonenzymatic glucose sensors involving amorphous alloys. When annealed under vacuum, only the heat-treated nanoglass retained a similar electrochemical-sensing property, while the other materials failed to yield desired results. In nanoglass, a network of glassy interfaces, compared to melt-spun ribbon, is plausibly responsible for the enhanced sensitivity.
Comment on “Fundamental limits of energy dissipation in charge-based computing” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 103502 (2010)] (2011)

First Page
Cyclin D1 overexpression is more prevalent in non-Caucasian breast cancer. (2002)

African-American women with breast cancer consistently show a shortened survival when compared with Caucasians with breast cancer, however it is not clear whether this is due to socioeconomic factors or to racial differences in tumor biology. Cyclin D1 overexpression has been demonstrated in 60-80% of female breast cancers, however these studies have not included race or ethnicity data. We examined the level of cyclin D1 protein expression in 139 cases of female breast cancer obtained from different ethnic populations. Using an immunoperoxidase-based technique and a polyclonal anti-cyclin D1 antibody, the rate of overexpression was 68%. Cyclin D1 overexpression tended to be more frequent in cases from non-Caucasian patients when compared with those from Caucasian patients (77% vs. 59%, p=0.051). Our findings suggest that non-Caucasian ethnicity may be important in predicting cyclin D1 overexpression. Cyclin D1 could therefore serve as a possible target in managing breast cancer in the African-American population.
Agonistic and Antagonistic Effects of Antiestrogens in Different Target Organs (1992)

Antiestrogens block by definition specifically the actions of estrogens. In the classical uterotropic assay in immature rodents, where estrogens cause fluid retention and cell proliferation, triphenylethylenes have also species-specific estrogen-like (agonistic) effects. 4-hydroxylated triphenylethylenes have in general less estrogenic properties than unhydroxylated ones, and ICI 164,384 has no estrogenic activity in this model. Uterus responds to estrogens by stimulation of cell proliferation. Some other tissues, like breast, liver, and bone respond by regulation of specific protein synthesis. Some of the proteins act as growth factors, and some have unknown functions. The regulation of gene expression is a complex phenomenon: estrogens may turn the responsive gene on or off. Similarly antiestrogens may participate in the gene regulation by mimicking or antagonising estrogen-like actions. This paper summarizes the estrogenic and antiestrogenic effects of classical and new antiestrogens in different tissues.
Sacred Words, Anglo-Saxon Piety, and the Origins of the Epistola salvatoris in London, British Library, Royal 2.A.xx (2009)

Research Article| April 01 2009 Sacred Words, Anglo-Saxon Piety, and the Origins of the Epistola salvatoris in London, British Library, Royal 2.A.xx Christopher M. Cain Christopher M. Cain Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google The Journal of English and Germanic Philology (2009) 108 (2): 168–189. https://doi.org/10.2307/20722720 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Christopher M. Cain; Sacred Words, Anglo-Saxon Piety, and the Origins of the Epistola salvatoris in London, British Library, Royal 2.A.xx. The Journal of English and Germanic Philology 1 April 2009; 108 (2): 168–189. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/20722720 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveUniversity of Illinois PressThe Journal of English and Germanic Philology Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 2009 Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois2009 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Novel Adaptive Photosynthetic Characteristics of Mesophotic Symbiotic Microalgae within the Reef-Building Coral, Stylophora pistillata (2016)

Photosynthetic coral reef structures extend from the shallow sundrenched waters to the dimly lit, “twilight” mesophotic depths. For their resident endosymbiotic dinoflagellates, primarily from the genus Symbiodinium spp., this represents a photic environment that varies ~15 fold in intensity and also differs in spectral composition. We examined photosynthesis in the scleractinian coral Stylophora pistillata in shallow (3 m) and mesophotic settings (65m) in the northern Red Sea. Symbiodinium spp. in corals originating from the mesophotic environment consistently performed below their photosynthetic compensation point and also exhibited distinct light harvesting antenna organization. In addition, the non-photochemical quenching activity of Symbiodinium spp. from mesophotic corals was shown to be considerably lower than those found in shallow corals, showing they have fewer defenses to high-light settings. Over a period of almost four years, we extensively utilized closed circuit Trimix rebreather diving to perform the study. Phylogenetic analysis showed that shallow corals (3m) transplanted to a deep reef environment (65 m) maintained their initial Symbiodinium spp. community (clade A), rather than taking on deep low-light clades (clade C), demonstrating that shallow S. pistillata acclimate to low-light mesophotic environments while maintaining their shallow photosynthetic traits. Mesophotic corals exhibited static depth-related chlorophyll content per cell, a decrease in PSI activity and enhanced sigmoidal fluorescence rise kinetics. The sigmoidal fluorescence rise kinetics we observed in mesophotic corals is an indication of energy transfer between photosynthetic units. We postulate that at mesophotic depths, a community of adapted Symbiodinium spp. utilize a unique adaptation to lower light conditions by shifting their light harvesting to a PSII based system, where PSII is structured near PSI, with additional PCP soluble antenna also trapping light that is funneled to the PSI reaction center. In this study, we provide evidence that mesophotic Symbiodinium spp. have developed novel adaptive low-light characteristics consisting of a cooperative system for excitation energy transfer between photosynthetic units that maximizes light utilization.
Determinants of Human Cyclin B1 Association with Mitotic Chromosomes (2013)

Cyclin B1-CDK1 activity is essential for mitotic entry, but questions remain regarding how the activity of this kinase is spatially regulated. Previous studies showed that the cyclin B1 subunit localizes to several compartments of a mitotic cell, including the centrosomes, mitotic spindle, kinetochores and chromosomes via distinct sequence elements. Mitotic chromosome association occurs through the unstructured N-terminal domain of cyclin B1 and is independent of CDK1 binding. Here, we use live cell imaging of human cyclin B1 fused to GFP to precisely define the sequence elements within cyclin B1 that mediate its association with condensed mitotic chromosomes. We find that a short, evolutionarily conserved N-terminal motif is required for cyclin B1 to localize to mitotic chromosomes. We further reveal a role for arginine residues within and near the destruction box sequence in the chromosome association of cyclin B1. Additionally, our data suggest that sequences further downstream in cyclin B1, such as the cytoplasmic retention sequence and the cyclin box, may negatively modulate chromosome association. Because multiple basic residues are required for cyclin B1 association with mitotic chromosomes, electrostatic interactions with DNA may facilitate cyclin B1 localization to chromosomes.
Engaging the User Community for Advancing Societal Applications of the Surface Water Ocean Topography Mission (2017)

International audience
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF SUBSTITUTED 2‐PHENYLCYCLOBUTYLAMINES AS ANALOGS OF HALLUCINOGENIC PHENETHYLAMINES: LACK OF LSD‐LIKE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY (1985)

Abstract Ausgehend von den Aldehyden (I) erhält man ‐über die Cyclobutanone (II) und Oxime (III) die Cyclobutylamine (IV) und (V), deren Hallucinogen‐ähnliche Wirkung be‐ 78 stimmt wird.
Polarized spatial frequency domain imaging of heart valve fiber structure (2016)

Our group previously introduced Polarized Spatial Frequency Domain Imaging (PSFDI), a wide-field, reflectance imaging technique which we used to empirically map fiber direction in porcine pulmonary heart valve leaflets (PHVL) without optical clearing or physical sectioning of the sample. Presented is an extended analysis of our PSFDI results using an inverse Mueller matrix model of polarized light scattering that allows additional maps of fiber orientation distribution, along with instrumentation permitting increased imaging speed for dynamic PHVL fiber measurements. We imaged electrospun fiber phantoms with PSFDI, and then compared these measurements to SEM data collected for the same phantoms. PHVL was then imaged and compared to results of the same leaflets optically cleared and imaged with small angle light scattering (SALS). The static PHVL images showed distinct regional variance of fiber orientation distribution, matching our SALS results. We used our improved imaging speed to observe bovine tendon subjected to dynamic loading using a biaxial stretching device. Our dynamic imaging experiment showed trackable changes in the fiber microstructure of biological tissue under loading. Our new PSFDI analysis model and instrumentation allows characterization of fiber structure within heart valve tissues (as validated with SALS measurements), along with imaging of dynamic fiber remodeling. The experimental data will be used as inputs to our constitutive models of PHVL tissue to fully characterize these tissues' elastic behavior, and has immediate application in determining the mechanisms of structural and functional failure in PHVLs used as bio-prosthetic implants.
Drilling And Completion For Steam-assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) Operations (1997)

My contribution to this journal issue, the theme of which is Advances in Drilling and Completion, is on the placement and application of horizontal wells for secondary production of light to medium crude oils and the primary recovery of heavy oil and bitumen. Drilling, well completion and production are complex operations determined by geological factors and technological considerations. The perspective I present in this brief review is that of an exploitation engineer with respect to how recent advances in drilling and completion facilitate and enhance the SAGD process. Innovative techniques and engineering decisions for precise drilling of horizontal wells are important in the effectiveness and efficiency of SAGD-based recovery schemes. Pairs of horizontal wells are maintained parallel in drilling through the use of magnetic guidance tools. There are multi-lateral completions, re-entry, under-balanced drilling, and the application of coiled tubing. Completion methods include the use of sand screen devices, gas lift, jet pumps and production lifting with sumps using pilot holes. Horizontal Wells and SAGD SAGD, as a primary or improved recovery technique, has evolved rapidly over the last decade. Its growth has been in tandem with the acceptance and implementation of horizontal wells. The technology is environmentally friendly and cost effective for lifting heavy oils and bitumen which are ordinarily immobile in reservoirs. Steam is injected and oil is recovered from a large zone around a horizontal well, with advantage taken of natural forces that favour counter-current gravitational movements of steam, condensates and reservoir fluids. Under gravity, mobilized oil continuously drains into a horizontal well to be moved to the surface. Various types of reservoirs can be accommodated, at different levels of pressure and maturity. The technology has been demonstrated on small scales in the laboratory of Dr. Roger Butler and in AOSTRA's Underground Test Facility. Field tests are in progress. As with any new technology, the transfer from the laboratory to the field has its trials and tribulation. Poorly planned and xecuted tests under field conditions can conceal the true potential of the scheme. The requirement for diligent planning, well-trained staff and field operators " accurately" implementing the design programs cannot be over emphasized. Considerations for SAGO Well Configurations There are at present three major arrangements of the horizontal wells in exploiting SAGD. The basic involves two wells drilled one above the other. The lower well, or producer, is located at the base of the formation. The other well, the steam injector, is located several metres above and parallel to the producer. A more recently developed scheme involves the use of a single well with dual tubing strings. Steam is injected from the surface through the one tube to exit at the toe of the well. Along the horizontal part mobilized fluids and condensates drain into the liner to be lifted through the production tubing from the heel to the surface.
A SERS-BASED ANALYZER FOR POINT AND CONTINUOUS WATER MONITORING OF CHEMICAL AGENTS AND THEIR HYDROLYSIS PRODUCTS (2007)

Protection of military personnel and civilians from water supplies poisoned by chemical warfare agents (CWAs) requires an analyzer that has sufficient sensitivity (μg/L, ppb), specificity (differentiate the CWA from its hydrolysis products), and speed (less than 10 minutes) to be of value. In an effort to meet these requirements, we have been investigating the ability of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to detect cyanide and sulfur mustard in water. In our work, we have developed a novel SERS-active material that consists of a porous glass with trapped metal particles. Previously, we coated the inside walls of glass vials and measured cyanide at 1 mg/L in water in as little as 1 minute. However, measurements of sulfur mustard have only been measured to 10 mg/L. Recently, we filled glass capillaries with the SERS-active material. Here we describe measurements of cyanide, sulfur mustard, and it's hydrolysis product, thiodiglycol, using these capillaries and a portable Raman analyzer suitable for point and continuous water monitoring.