gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison between Electron Transfer and Nucleophilic Reactivities of Ketene Silyl Acetals with Cationic Electrophiles (2001)

The products and kinetics for the reactions of ketone silyl acetals with a series of p-methoxy-substituted trityl cations have been examined, and they are compared with those of outer-sphere electron transfer reactions from 10,10'-dimethyl-9,9', 10, 10'- tetrahydro-9,9'-biacridine [(AcrH)2] to the same series of trityl cations as well as other electron acceptors. The C-C bond formation in the reaction of beta,beta-dimethyl-substituted ketene silyl acetal (1: (Me2C=C(OMe)OSiMe3) with trityl cation salt (Ph3C+ClO4-) takes place between 1 and the carbon of para-positon of phenyl group of Ph3C+, whereas a much less sterically hindered ketene silyl acetal (3: H2C=C(OEt)OSiEt3) reacts with Ph3C+ at the central carbon of Ph3C+. The kinetic comparison indicates that the nucleophilic reactivities of ketene silyl acetals are well correlated with the electron transfer reactivities provided that the steric demand at the reaction center for the C-C bond formation remains constant.
Dynamic Distortions in the YTiO3 Ferromagnet (2014)

The orbitally ordered YTiO3 ferromagnet is revisited to investigate the influence of local lattice dynamics on the magnetic transition. By probing the local lattice dynamics using inelastic neutron scattering and the dynamic pair density function (DPDF) analysis, we find that strong, local anharmonic fluctuations persist up to 60 meV. The spread in energy is expected of fluctuations that are well-defined in real-space. The anharmonicity is manifested in the form of a double-well potential, where the spectral weight of the DPDF peak involving Y–O correlations shifts away from the central peak to two new peaks as a function of energy. This transition occurs around 40 meV. The weight distribution between the two peaks is temperature dependent that corresponds to a change in the nature of the local modes. The anharmonicity in the Y–O local modes most likely affects the Ti orbital overlap leading to a temperature dependent spin disorder.
On channel equalization in filter bank based multicarrier wireless access systems (1999)

We consider filter bank based multicarrier systems in broadband wireless access network applications. Such systems provide better spectral shaping than DFT based OFDM systems for the subchannels, as well as for the overall signal. In the wireless communications applications, the main advantage of such systems is potentially better efficiency because the time-domain guard interval is not needed and the guard-band in the frequency domain can be reduced. However, the channel equalization for such systems is still an open problem. In this paper it is demonstrated that such systems are very sensitive to the nonlinear phase response of the channel. Alternative ways to perform the channel equalization are discussed. An equalization approach is presented based on individual symbol timing and carrier phase recovery for each subcarrier. This approach can be used to evaluate the potential performance benefits of filter bank based multicarrier systems in broadband wireless access.
A Recommender System for Inverse Design of Polycarbonates and Polyesters (2020)

The convergence of artificial intelligence and machine learning with material science holds significant promise in rapidly accelerating the development timelines of new high-performance polymeric materials. Within this context, we report an inverse design strategy for polycarbonate and polyester discovery based on a recommendation system that proposes polymerization experiments that are likely to produce materials with targeted properties or characteristics. Following the recommendations of the system driven by the historical ring-opening polymerization results, we carried out experiments targeting specific ranges of monomer conversion and dispersity for polyesters or polycarbonates. The results of the experiments were in close agreement with the recommendation targets with few false negatives or positives obtained for each class.
A new model for electron flow during anaerobic digestion: direct interspecies electron transfer to Methanosaeta for the reduction of carbon dioxide to methane (2013)

Anaerobic conversion of organic wastes and biomass to methane is an important bioenergy strategy, which depends on poorly understood mechanisms of interspecies electron transfer to methanogenic microorganisms. Metatranscriptomic analysis of methanogenic aggregates from a brewery wastewater digester, coupled with fluorescence in situ hybridization with specific 16S rRNA probes, revealed that Methanosaeta species were the most abundant and metabolically active methanogens. Methanogens known to reduce carbon dioxide with H2 or formate as the electron donor were rare. Although Methanosaeta have previously been thought to be restricted to acetate as a substrate for methane production, Methanosaeta in the aggregates had a complete complement of genes for the enzymes necessary for the reduction of carbon to methane, and transcript abundance for these genes was high. Furthermore, Geobacter species, the most abundant bacteria in the aggregates, highly expressed genes for ethanol metabolism and for extracellular electron transfer via electrically conductive pili, suggesting that Geobacter and Methanosaeta species were exchanging electrons via direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET). This possibility was further investigated in defined co-cultures of Geobacter metallireducens and Methanosaeta harundinacea which stoichiometrically converted ethanol to methane. Transcriptomic, radiotracer, and genetic analysis demonstrated that M. harundinacea accepted electrons via DIET for the reduction of carbon dioxide to methane. The discovery that Methanosaeta species, which are abundant in a wide diversity of methanogenic environments, are capable of DIET has important implications not only for the functioning of anaerobic digesters, but also for global methane production.
CALCIUM REQUIREMENT FOR STIMULATION OF CYCLE AMP ACCUMULATION IN ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND BY LH-RH (1975)

Medical Research Council Group in Molecular Endocrinology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite Laval, Quebec, Quebec GIV 4G2, Canada
Peritoneal dialysis - 1 (2009)

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS:&#13;\n&#13;\nInjury to the mesothelium during chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD) results in the deterioration of the structural and functional properties of the peritoneal membrane. We have previously demonstrated that high dialysate glucose concentrations reduced perlecan synthesis in human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMC). Heparin is a negatively charged glycosaminoglycan (GAG) that is often used in PD to prevent fibrin formation. Heparin has been shown to improve the histologic and functional properties of the peritoneum, the mechanism of which remains to be defined. We therefore investigated the effects of heparin on cell proliferation, cell morphology, TGF-β1 secretion and perlecan synthesis in HPMC stimulated with spent dialysate solutions.&#13;\n&#13;\nMETHODS:&#13;\n&#13;\nHPMC were isolated from omental specimens by enzymatic digestion. Confluent growth arrested HPMC were stimulated with spent non-infected or infected PD fluid for 24 h in the presence or absence of heparin (1 IU/ml). Cell morphology, proliferation, TGF-β1 secretion and assessment of bioactive TGF-β1 were determined by phase contrast microscopy, MTT assay, commercial TGF-β1 ELISA and the mink lung epithelial cell bioassay respectively. De novo synthesis of heparan sulfate GAG chains was investigated by metabolic labeling of HPMC with [35S]-sulfate (50μCi/ml) for 24h.&#13;\n&#13;\nRESULTS:&#13;\n&#13;\nNon-infected PD fluids induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transdifferentiation in HPMC that was associated with a significant increase in cell proliferation, induction of TGF-β1 secretion and its bioactivation compared to medium alone (P&lt;0.05 for all). These observations were more prominent in cells cultured with spent infected PD fluid. Exposure of HPMC to spent dialysate reduced perlecan core protein expression and its deposition in the extracellular matrix, mediated in part through increased TGF-β1 bioactivation. Metabolic labeling of HPMC with [35S]-sulfate showed that perlecan consisted solely of heparan sulfate (HS) GAG chains. Spent non infected and infected dialysate reduced de novo synthesis of perlecan HS GAG chains by 22.2% and 39.7% compared to control (P&lt;0.01 for both), although the length and charge density were unaltered. Co-incubation of HPMC with heparin and spent dialysate significantly reduced HPMC activation, preserved cell morphology, decreased cell proliferation and TGF-β1 induction observed with dialysate alone. Furthermore, heparin significantly increased de novo synthesis of HS GAG chains and perlecan core protein.&#13;\n&#13;\nCONCLUSIONS:&#13;\n&#13;\nOur data demonstrate that heparin can improve the structural and functional integrity of the mesothelium by its ability to abrogate dialysate-induced HPMC activation and morphologic changes, down-regulate TGF-β1 secretion and increase perlecan synthesis.This abstract is presented as Free Communication on 25-May-09 during the session Optimizing peritoneal dialysis therapy.
Calibration and parameter identification of a 6-DOF robot using a single radial-distance transducer (2003)

The main goal is the identification of all the kinematic parameters of a robot to improve its absolute accuracy. The authors use a simple radial-distance linear transducer which measures the distance from a fixed point in the workspace to the robot's endpoint. These scalar data are accumulated as the robot endpoint is moved within one or more spherical shells centered about the fixed point. Optimal values for all of the independent kinematic parameters of the robot can then be found. The motivation, theory, implementation, and performance of this particularly easy calibration and parameter identification method are discussed. A disagreement in the literature about the class of measurements needed to fully identify a robot's kinematic parameters is addressed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
CESSIUM: a single component for implementing high data rates DSSS/CDMA interference cancellation receivers (2002)

Different code division multiple access (CDMA) receiver architectures have already been proposed such as the maximum-likelihood or the decorrelating detectors. However these architectures are too complex to be implemented. Some other solutions based on subtractive interference cancellation (IC), which meanwhile have better performance than conventional detectors, are particularly attractive for hardware implementation. After a description and comparison of different IC methods, this article focuses on the implementation of a parallel interference cancellation receiver. A dedicated integrated component (ASIC), called CESSIUM, which integrates, in a single chip, all the required functions for such architecture is then described.
Data from A Phase II Study of Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapy for Human Papillomavirus–associated Epithelial Cancers (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;Cellular therapy is an emerging cancer treatment modality, but its application to epithelial cancers has been limited. This clinical trial evaluated tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy for the treatment of patients with metastatic human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated carcinomas.&lt;/p&gt;Patients and Methods:&lt;p&gt;The trial was a phase II design with two cohorts, cervical cancers and noncervical cancers. Cell infusion was preceded by a lymphocyte-depleting conditioning regimen and followed by systemic high-dose aldesleukin.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;Objective tumor responses occurred in 5 of 18 (28%) patients in the cervical cancer cohort and 2 of 11 (18%) patients in the noncervical cancer cohort. Two of the responses in cervical cancer were complete and are ongoing 67 and 53 months after treatment. Responses in the noncervical cancer cohort were in anal cancer and oropharyngeal cancer. The HPV reactivity of the infused T cells correlated with clinical response. Peripheral blood repopulation with HPV-reactive T cells also correlated with clinical response.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;These findings support the concept that cellular therapy can mediate the regression of epithelial cancers, and they suggest the importance of predictive biomarkers and novel treatment platforms for more effective therapies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Anionic synthesis and detection of fluorescence-labeled polymers with a terminal anhydride group (2000)

To monitor polymer–polymer coupling reactions between two different monofunctional polymers in dilute polymer blends, fluorescence-labeled anhydride-functional polystyrene (PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were prepared by conventional anionic polymerization. Sequential trapping of lithiopolystyrene by 1-(2-anthryl)-1-phenylethylene (APE) and then di-t-butyl maleate (4) provided, after pyrolysis, anhydride-functional fluorescent PS. Fluorescent PMMA anhydride (8) was synthesized with sec-butyllithium/APE as an initiator for the anionic polymerization of methyl methacrylate, trapping by 4, and pyrolysis. These polymers could be reacted with amine-functional polymers by melt blending, and the reaction progress could be monitored by gel permeation chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection. This technique not only allows monitoring of the coupling reaction with high sensitivity (ca. 100 times more sensitive than refractive index detection) but also permits selective detection because unlabeled polymers are invisible to fluorescence detection. This highly sensitive and selective detection methodology was also used to monitor the coupling reaction of 8 with PS-NH2 at a thin-film interface, which was otherwise difficult to detect by conventional methods. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 38: 2177–2185, 2000
Carrier Aggregated Radio-Over-Fiber Downlink for Achieving 2Gbps for 5G Applications (2018)

We demonstrate experimentally, for the first time, a distributed digital predistortion model for radio-over-fiber (RoF) downlink suitable for broadband 5G signals. The model reduces the analog-to-digital converter sampling frequency up to 1/3 of the required sampling in the example of the conventional memory polynomial DPD model, hence reducing demodulator costs and hardware complexity. This model also provides better intercarrier interference by reducing the adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR). This leads to reduced crosstalk, which impacts the multi-core and multimode RoF links. Long-term evolution advanced signals of a 256-quadratic-amplitude modulation of different bandwidths are used to validate the model. We achieved an average reduction of 2.5 dB in ACLR for signal bandwidths in the range 100–300 MHz while maintaining minimum error vector magnitude (EVM). The RoF downlink can deliver a peak bit rate of 2.016 Gb/s with a spectral efficiency of 6.72 b/Hz and EVM less than 4%.
Maximum a posteriori estimation of spectral reflectance from color image and multipoint spectral measurements (2007)

Accurate color image reproduction under arbitrary illumination can be realized if the spectral reflectance functions in a scene are obtained. Although multispectral imaging is one of the promising methods to obtain the reflectance of a scene, it is expected to reduce the number of color channels without significant loss of accuracy. This paper presents what we believe to be a new method for estimating spectral reflectance functions from color image and multipoint spectral measurements based on maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation. Multipoint spectral measurements are utilized as auxiliary information to improve the accuracy of spectral reflectance estimated from image data. Through simulations, it is confirmed that the proposed method improves the estimation accuracy, particularly when a scene includes subjects that belong to various categories.
A Simple Copper Metallisation Process for High Cell Efficiencies and Reliable Modules (2012)

This work reports on using copper (Cu) as the main conductor as an alternative to screen printed silver (Ag) front contacts for homogeneous emitter silicon solar cells. The work is not only motivated by the limitations that Ag screen printed contacts have regarding solar cell efficiency (high contact shading, limited line conductivity, and poor contact resistance to moderately doped emitters) but also the PV industries desire to reduce Ag usage for cost reasons. A relatively simple process sequence is investigated consisting of i) defining the front contact pattern by ps-UV laser ablation ii) self-aligned plating of the contacts using Ni/Cu/Ag and finally iii) sintering in N2 for nickel silicidation. The process sequence is applied to 12.5x12.5 cm2 p-type CZ-Si PERC type solar cells with 1μm deep 120Ω/ homogeneous emitters. Solar cell efficiencies of up to =20.3% and average pull tab adhesion results &gt;2N/mm are achieved. Thermal cycling and damp heat reliability data for single cell laminates and small modules are reported meeting extended (1.5x) IEC61215 criteria.
Isolation, Structure Determination, and Biological Activity of Dolastatin 12 and Lyngbyastatin 1 from Lyngbya majuscula/Schizothrix calcicola Cyanobacterial Assemblages (1998)

Lyngbyastatin 1 (1a), a new cytotoxic analogue of dolastatins 12 (2a) and 11 (4), was isolated as an inseparable mixture with its C-15 epimer (1b) from extracts of a Lyngbya majuscula/Schizothrix calcicola assemblage and a L. majuscula strain collected near Guam. Dolastatin 12 (2a) was also encountered as an inseparable mixture with its C-15 epimer (2b) in L. majuscula/S. calcicola assemblages. At least one of the compounds in each mixture appeared to exist in solution as a mixture of slowly interconverting conformers resulting in broadened signals in 1H NMR spectra. Structure elucidation therefore relied principally on mass spectroscopy and chemical degradation studies. Both 1ab and 2ab proved toxic with only marginal or no antitumor activity when tested against colon adenocarcinoma #38 or mammary adenocarcinoma #16/C. Both 1ab and 2ab were shown to be potent disrupters of cellular microfilament networks.
1180 nm linearly-polarized fiber laser with high slope efficiency employing low-loss ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining solid photonic bandgap fiber (2010)

A linearly-polarized fiber laser operating at 1180 nm was demonstrated using a low-loss ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining solid photonic bandgap fiber. A slope efficiency of 30 % was achieved.
Two Parallel Queues with Infinite Servers andJoin the Shortest QueueDiscipline (2015)

We study the stationary distribution of a system of two parallel M/M/∞ queues managed by the Join the Shortest Queue load balancing policy; one motivation for characterizing the efficiency of that policy is its potential application to resource allocation issues in cloud computing. For the general system with distinct service rates, we first show that the tail of each marginal queue length distribution exhibits a much faster decay than that of a Poisson distribution. Second, the determination of the joint stationary distribution is shown to reduce to the resolution of a pair of linear integral equations. In the case when service rates are identical (“symmetric case”), that pair of integral equations simplifies to a single Fredholm integral equation of the first kind whose solution is explicitly given in terms of Legendre polynomials; this enables us to entirely determine the stationary distribution of the system. We provide, in particular, asymptotics for the second moment and the tail of the queue length distribution.
Absolute Stereochemistry of Immunosuppressive Macrolide Brasilinolide A (Ia) and Its New Congener Brasilinolide C (Ib). (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The three constituencies of the state: why the state has lost unifying energy (2017)

We address resurgent populism by examining structural processes of state transformation in the UK, the US and France. Scholars stress the 'unifying energy of the state', a set of institutions and policies capable of limiting inequalities and defending legal regimes. One characteristic of modern Western statehood were packages of policies designed to integrate social groups and territories in part by ensuring common standards of provision and social citizenship across the nation state. This echoes James Scott's critical analysis of the modernist project of the state (1998). This 'unifying energy' had different origins including nationalist movements, combatting external influence or powers, war, and preparing citizens for the rigours of industrialization. Overcoming class differences and territorial differences (including cultural, social and economic differences) was a major source of mobilization to feed this 'unifying energy of the state' in France, Italy or Spain for instance. Political and cultural identities are related in significant part to respective nation states. We argue that this 'unifying energy' was an essential component of statehood in Europe and in the US. It is now largely lost. We explain why and the significance of its displacement.
PKA knockdown enhances cell killing in response to radiation and androgen deprivation (2010)

The therapeutic efficacy of Gem®231, a second generation antisense molecule targeted to the RIα subunit of PKA(RIα) (AS-PKA), administered in combination with androgen deprivation (AD) and radiation therapy (RT), was examined in androgen sensitive (LNCaP) and insensitive (PC3) cell lines. Apoptosis was assayed by Caspase 3 + 7 activity and Annexin V binding. AS-PKA significantly increased apoptosis in vitro from RT (both lines), with further increases in LNCaP cells grown in AD medium. In LNCaP cells, AD increased phosphorylated mitogen activated protein-kinase (pMAPK), which was reduced by AS-PKA relative to the mismatch (MM) controls. AS-PKA also reduced pMAPK levels in PC3 cells. Cell death was measured by clonogenic survival assays. In vivo, LNCaP cells were grown orthotopically in nude mice. Tumor kinetics were measured by magnetic resonance imaging and serum prostate-specific antigen. PC3 cells were grown subcutaneously and tumor volume assessed by caliper measurements. In PC3 xenografts, AS-PKA caused a significant increase in tumor doubling time relative to MM controls as a monotherapy or in combination with RT. In orthotopic LNCaP tumors, AS-PKA was ineffective as a monotherapy; however, it caused a statistically significant increase in tumor doubling time relative to MM controls when used in combination with AD, with or without RT. PKA(RIα) levels in tumors were quantified via immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and image analysis. IHC measurements in LNCaP cells exhibited that AS-PKA reduced PKA(RIα) levels in vivo. We demonstrate for the first time that AS-PKA enhances cell killing androgen sensitive prostate cancer cells to AD ± RT and androgen insensitive cells to RT.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Intestinal Bacteria Modify Lymphoma Incidence and Latency by Affecting Systemic Inflammatory State, Oxidative Stress, and Leukocyte Genotoxicity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 226K, Relative Abundance of Indicator Bacterial Phylotypes in Mice Fecal bacteria of age- and litter-matched SPF-N and SPF-S mice (n = 4-5 for each type) were subjected to an indicator analysis.&lt;/p&gt;