gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DESIGN OF IRRADIATION FACILITIES AT CENTRAL IRRADIATION POSITION OF PLATE TYPE RESEARCH REACTOR BANDUNG (2020)

One of the results from Plate Type Research Reactor Bandung (PTRRB) research program is PTRRB core design. Previous study on PTRRB has not calculated neutron flux distribution at its central irradiation position (CIP). Distribution of neutron flux at CIP is of high importance especially in radioisotope production. In this study, CIP was modeled as a stack of four to five aluminum tubes (AT), each filled by four aluminum irradiation capsules (AIC). Considering AIC dimension and geometry, there are three possibilities of AT configuration. For irradiation sample, 1.45 gr of molybdenum (Mo) was put into AIC. Neutron flux distribution at Mo sample was calculated using TRIGA MCNP and MCNP software. The calculation was simulated at condition when fresh fuel is loaded into reactor core. Analyses of excess reactivity show that, after installing irradiation AT and Mo sample was put into each configuration, the excess reactivity is less than 10.9 %. The highest calculated thermal neutron flux at Mo sample is 5.08×1013 n/cm2.s at configuration 1. Meanwhile, the highest total neutron flux at Mo sample is located at capsule no. II and III. Thermal neutron flux profile is the same for all configurations. This result will be used as a basic data for PTRRB utilization.Keywords: Central Irradiation Position, Neutron Flux Distribution, MCNP, PTRRB
Iron-Sulfur (Fe-S) Cluster Assembly (2010)

Assembly of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters and maturation of Fe-S proteins in vivo require complex machineries. In Escherichia coli, under adverse stress conditions, this process is achieved by the SUF system that contains six proteins as follows: SufA, SufB, SufC, SufD, SufS, and SufE. Here, we provide a detailed characterization of the SufBCD complex whose function was so far unknown. Using biochemical and spectroscopic analyses, we demonstrate the following: (i) the complex as isolated exists mainly in a 1:2:1 (B:C:D) stoichiometry; (ii) the complex can assemble a [4Fe-4S] cluster in vitro and transfer it to target proteins; and (iii) the complex binds one molecule of flavin adenine nucleotide per SufBC(2)D complex, only in its reduced form (FADH(2)), which has the ability to reduce ferric iron. These results suggest that the SufBC(2)D complex functions as a novel type of scaffold protein that assembles an Fe-S cluster through the mobilization of sulfur from the SufSE cysteine desulfurase and the FADH(2)-dependent reductive mobilization of iron.
A novel assay for monitoring internalization of nanocarrier coupled antibodies. (2006)

The CLIA method we describe here represents a rapid, sensitive and robust assay for the identification and characterization of tumor-specific antibodies capable of high drug-delivery efficiency when conjugated to liposomal nanocarriers.
Indium trifluoromethanesulfonate (In(OTf) 3 )-A new catalyst for Beckmann rearrangement of ketoximes and facile dehydration of aldoximes (2002)

Indium trfluoromethanesulfonate is found to be an effective catalyst for the facile dehydration of aldoximes to nitriles and Beckmann rearrangement of ketoximes to anilides in excellent yields.
Magnetic relaxometry as applied to sensitive cancer detection and localization (2015)

Superparamagnetic NPs developed here have small size dispersion. Cell incubation studies measure specificity for different cell lines and antibodies with very high contrast. In vivo animal measurements verify SPMR localization of tumors. Our results indicate that SPMR possesses sensitivity more than 2 orders of magnitude better than previously reported.
Association of Nonarteritic Ischemic Optic Neuropathy With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (2015)

These results suggest that OSAS is common in patients with NAION and that polysomnography should be considered in these patients. These findings also suggest that patients with severe OSAS who are nonadherent to ventilation treatment with continuous positive airway pressure have an increased risk of second eye involvement.
Phase Grouping of Larmor Electrons by a Synchronous Wave in Controlled Magnetrons (2018)

A simplified analytical model based on the charge drift approximation has been developed. It considers the resonant interaction of the synchronous wave with the flow of Larmor electrons in a magnetron. The model predicts stable coherent generation of the tube above and below the threshold of self-excitation. This occurs if the magnetron is driven by a sufficient resonant injected signal (up to -10 dB). The model substantiates precise stability, high efficiency and low noise at the range of the magnetron power control over 10 dB by variation of the magnetron current. The model and the verifying experiments with 2.45 GHz, 1 kW magnetrons are discussed.
Pitching airfoil subjected to high amplitude free stream oscillations (2015)

An experimental investigation was carried out to quantify the aerodynamic lift acting on a NACA 0018 airfoil subjected to combined pitching and surging and to compare the results to established theories. A dedicated unsteady wind tunnel was employed that produces large surge amplitudes, and airfoil loads were estimated by means of unsteady surface mounted pressure measurements. In-phase and out-of-phase pre-stall pitching and surging cases were considered for different velocity amplitudes. When the flow was fully attached, satisfactory correspondence was observed between experiments and theory. However, differences were observed when trailing-edge separation was present; in particular the shedding of a trailing-edge vortex corresponded with discrepancies between the experiments and theory.
3.2 The A100 Datacenter GPU and Ampere Architecture (2021)

The diversity of compute-intensive applications in modern cloud data centers has driven the explosion of GPU-accelerated cloud computing. Such applications include AI deep learning training and inference, data analytics, scientific computing, genomics, edge video analytics and 5G services, graphics rendering, and cloud gaming. The A100 GPU introduces several features targeting these workloads: a 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> -generation Tensor Core with support for fine-grained sparsity, new BFIoat16 (BF16), TensorFIoat-32 (TF32), and FP64 datatypes, scale-out support with multi-instance GPU (MIG) virtualization, and scale-up support with a 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> -generation 50Gbps NVLink I/0 interface (NVLink3) and NVSwitch inter-GPU communication. As shown in Fig. 3.2.1, A100 contains 108 Streaming Multiprocessors (SMs) and 6912 CUDA cores. The SMs are fed by a 40MB L2 cache and 1. 56TB/s of HBM2 memory bandwidth (BW). At 1.41GHz, A100 provides an effective peak 1248T0PS (8b integers), 624TFLOPS (FP16) and312TFLOPS (TF32) when including sparsity optimizations. Implemented in a TSMC 7nm N7 process, the A100 die (Fig. 3.2.7) contains 54B transistors and measures 826mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
A Kinetic Fluorimetric Method for Determination of Microamounts of Pt(IV) with 2-2′ Dipyridylketone Hydrazone (1980)

Abstract A kinetic method for determination of traces of Pt(IV) based on the aerobic oxidation of the hydrazone of 2-2′ dipyridylketone, in which the formation of a fluorescent product (λex = 359 nm, λem = 435 nm) takes place, is described. The reaction is followed by the measurement of the rate of appearance of the fluorescence. The proposed method suffers very few interferences.
p-Trifluoromethylacetophenone (2004)

[709-63-7] C9H7F3O (MW 188.15) InChI = 1S/C9H7F3O/c1-6(13)7-2-4-8(5-3-7)9(10,11)12/h2-5H,1H3 InChIKey = HHAISVSEJFEWBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (building block for the preparation of trifluoromethyl aromatic derivatives) Physical Data: white solid, mp 30–33 °C; bp 79–80 °C (8 mm Hg); fp 84 °C. Solubility: soluble in most organic solvents. Form Supplied in: available commercially. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: may be harmful by inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption. Causes skin irritation and vapours harmful to eyes.
On Front-end Gain Invariant Modeling for Wake Word Spotting (2020)

Wake word (WW) spotting is challenging in far-field due to the complexities and variations in acoustic conditions and the environmental interference in signal transmission. A suite of carefully designed and optimized audio front-end (AFE) algorithms help mitigate these challenges and provide better quality audio signals to the downstream modules such as WW spotter. Since the WW model is trained with the AFE-processed audio data, its performance is sensitive to AFE variations, such as gain changes. In addition, when deploying to new devices, the WW performance is not guaranteed because the AFE is unknown to the WW model. To address these issues, we propose a novel approach to use a new feature called $Δ$LFBE to decouple the AFE gain variations from the WW model. We modified the neural network architectures to accommodate the delta computation, with the feature extraction module unchanged. We evaluate our WW models using data collected from real household settings and showed the models with the $Δ$LFBE is robust to AFE gain changes. Specifically, when AFE gain changes up to $\pm$12dB, the baseline CNN model lost up to relative 19.0% in false alarm rate or 34.3% in false reject rate, while the model with $Δ$LFBE demonstrates no performance loss.
Multilayer metallo-dielectric low-loss NIM for the mid-IR: Design and experiment (2009)

A freestanding planar NIM comprised of two Au metallic screens sandwiched between three layers of polyimide was optimized to have low loss and an impedance match to free space. Constraints were incorporated into the optimization so that the result is compatible with our fabrication scheme. Measured material properties were included in the full- wave electromagnetic simulation to ensure that the predicted metamaterial properties would match those observed in experiment. This design is in the process of being fabricated and characterized.
Monozygotic twins discordant for neurofibromatosis 1 (2010)

We present monozygotic twins discordant for the autosomal dominant disorder neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). The affected twin was diagnosed with NF1 at age 12, based upon accepted clinical criteria for the disorder. Both twins were re-examined at ages 35 and 57, at which times the unaffected twin continued to show no clinical manifestations of NF1. Short tandem repeat marker (STR) genotyping at 10 loci on chromosome 17 and 10 additional loci dispersed across the genome revealed identical genotypes for the twins, confirming their monozygosity. The affected twin has three children, two of whom also have NF1, while the unaffected twin has two children, both unaffected. Using lymphoblastoid, fibroblast, and buccal cell samples collected from both twins and from other family members in three generations, we discovered a pathogenic nonsense mutation in exon 40 of the NF1 gene. This mutation was found in all cell samples from the affected twin and her affected daughter, and in lymphoblastoid and buccal cells but not fibroblasts from the unaffected twin. We also found a novel non-synonymous change in exon 16 of the NF1 gene that was transmitted from the unaffected mother to both twins and co-segregated with the pathogenic mutation in the ensuing generation. All cells from the twins were heterozygous for this apparent exon 16 polymorphism and for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within 2.5 kb flanking the site of the exon 40 nonsense mutation. This suggests that the NF1 gene of the unaffected twin differed in the respective lymphoblastoid cells and fibroblasts only at the mutation site itself, making post-zygotic mutation leading to mosaicism the most likely mechanism of phenotypic discordance. Although the unaffected twin is a mosaic, the distribution of the mutant allele among different cells and tissues appears to be insufficient to cause overt clinical manifestations of NF1.
Évaluation de la fonction sexuelle des jeunes femmes ayant un spina-bifida avec une myéloméningocèle Assessment of female sexual function in young spina-bifida adults with myelomeningocele (2011)

Objectives: To assess young spina-bifida women with myelomeningocele sexual function. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in 44 women, mean age 27.66 ± 5.89 years, with spinabifida and myelomeningocele. A self-administrated questionnaire was mailed. It included the Brief Index of Sexual Functioning for Women and questions about the mode of micturition, urinary symptoms, social and economic status, lifestyle and marital status. In parallel, data from the paediatric surgery records of the patients who responded to the questionnaire were collected. Results: The response rate was 56.8 %. All domains of the female sexual function (thoughts and desires, arousal, frequency of sexual activity, receptivity and initiation, pleasure and orgasm, relationship satisfaction) were altered. Urinary incontinence was the main factor of sexual function alteration. It was associated with lower thoughts and desires, arousal and receptivity and initiation scores. Moreover, wearing pads constituted a limitation to achieve intimacy. Conclusion: Sexual function of young women with spinabifida and myelomeningocele is poor. Urinary incontinence induced poor desires, arousal, receptivity and initiative. These plead to an early management of urinary incontinence in order to improve female sexuality.
Analysis of Metal Salts by Combining Spectral Windows: Quantifying and Optimizing Cost-Effectiveness of Multispectral Analyses (1999)

Luminescence and Raman measurements of metal (Er 3+ , Tb 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , UO 2 2+ , and Na + ) nitrates from multiple spectral windows are combined and analyzed to determine whether this multispectral approach provides any benefit over the best single-measurement, single-window technique by itself. The individual measurements we combined were obtained under the following conditions (1) excited at 488 nm and detected from 500 to 730 nm, (2) excited at 514.5 nm and detected from 530 to 700 nm, and (3) excited at 785 nm and detected from 800 nm to 920 nm. The first two conditions were excellent for producing fluorescence, while the latter was best for Raman spectroscopy because it avoided most fluorescence. Single-window measurements, particularly the near-infrared Raman spectroscopy of the nitrate counterions, were sufficiently similar to make visual identification of the metal salts from the spectra impossible. The combined data set provided easy visual differentiation between the metal salts. However, we found that hierarchical cluster analysis of the single-window measurements could also be used to identify the metal nitrates even when only the Raman spectral windows of the nitrates were studied. To select windows for a multispectral approach rationally, we define an efficacy parameter, π T , for each possible combination of measurement windows, plus a formula for cost estimation for the multispectral system. This parameter is evaluated for the data presented in the paper, with the conclusion that the least costly acceptable combination consists of only two windows with the same excitation source. In cases such as these, pooled multispectral analysis is proposed as an excellent means of selecting the appropriate technique and wavelength range for an optimal single measurement set, but subsets of the pooled data may function equally well or even better for specific monitoring tasks, especially when cost analysis is necessary. Means of optimizing costs are described briefly, as are means of performing the efficacy calculation when analyses are not of equal importance.
3D Printing Endobronchial Models for Surgical Training and Simulation (2018)

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Many methods and devices help acquire more accurate clinical and localization information during lung interventions and may impact the death rate for lung cancer. However, there is a learning curve for operating these tools due to the complex structure of the airway. In this study, we first discuss the creation of a lung phantom model from medical images, which is followed by a comparison of 3D printing in terms of quality and consistency. Two tests were conducted to test the performance of the developed phantom, which was designed for training simulations of the target and ablation processes in endochonchial interventions. The target test was conducted through an electromagnetic tracking catheter with navigation software. An ablation catheter with a recently developed thermochromic ablation gel conducted the ablation test. The results of two tests show that the phantom was very useful for target and ablation simulation. In addition, the thermochromic gel allowed doctors to visualize the ablation zone. Many lung interventions may benefit from custom training or accuracy with the proposed low-cost and patient-specific phantom.
Insights from RNA-sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavage cells in a large sarcoidosis cohort (2017)

<b>Introduction:</b> We analyzed the transcriptome of bronchoalveolar lavage cells (BAL) in a large cohort of well characterized sarcoidosis subjects by RNA-sequencing to better understand disease progression and severity, and potentially identify novel molecular phenotypes. <b>Methods:</b> BAL was performed on subjects enrolled in the Genomic Research in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency and Sarcoidosis study (GRADS) as described (Moller et al., Ann Am Thorac Soc, 2015 PMID: 26193069). cDNA libraries were prepared from 1ug of RNA and sequenced by Ion Torrent Proton Sequencer. Cufflinks calculated Fragments per Kilobase of exon per Million (FPKM) values. Non-parametric correlation methods and Metacore identified significant genes and pathways. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed correlation networks between gene expression and clinical traits. Multiple hypothesis testing was controlled at FDR&lt;0.05. <b>Results:</b> 199 samples from 24 stage I, 33 stage II-III treated, 40 stage II-III untreated, 17 stage IV treated, and 12 stage IV untreated subjects were available (53.2% females, 23.1% blacks). Correlation analysis revealed that 65 genes were increased with advanced Scadding stage and 24 were decreased (FDR&lt;0.05). 50 genes differentiated subjects with normal PFT from those with reduced. 189 genes were differentially expressed in black compared to white subjects. WGCNA revealed distinct gene modules correlated with PFT and CT features. <b>Conclusion:</b> RNA-sequencing of BAL in sarcoidosis patients identified novel genes associated with features of disease. Preliminary analysis suggests the presence of molecular disease endotypes.
Collaborative Strategy Consulting Services Model and Framework for Small and Medium Business in Emerging Market (2010)

Strategy consulting services are a high-end knowledge-intensive business. Consulting service providers (CSPs) regard them as vital business because they can lead to additional business and sales opportunities. However, because of dramatic growth in the small and medium business (SMB) market in the emerging market and because of how labor intensive the current consulting services model is, it is becoming increasingly challenging to offer strategy consulting services. This paper proposes a collaborative consulting services model and framework in a service ecosystem consisting of CSPs, local business partners (BPs), and SMBs. This consulting service model is enabled by an Web-based consulting services platform. The integrated platform framework and key technical components are presented in the paper.
Application of Arrayed-Waveguide Grating to Compact Spectroscopic Sensors (2004)

An arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) fabricated using silica-based waveguides has good stability, good channel uniformity, high wavelength accuracy and low cost. The AWG is attractive not only for use in optical wavelength-division-multiplexed networks but also for potential applications to various spectroscopic measurements. We propose a compact spectroscopic sensor based on the AWG, and fabricated an AWG module for sensing. A liquid sample under test is poured into a groove in the first slab region of the AWG. The detector that is placed at the end face of the second slab region measures the spectral transmittance of the liquid. A preliminary experiment was carried out using the water solution of sodium acetate. We achieved the relative error in terms of the optical transmittance of 2.5%. Fundamental device characteristics and preliminary experimental results are reported.
Development of backward-wave oscillators for terahertz applications (2003)

Calabazas Creek Research, Inc. is funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to develop advanced backward wave oscillators that incorporate energy recovery, air cooling and improved performance. An improved coupler transforms the generated RF power to a high-purity, Gaussian output mode. The construction of a 600-700 GHz BWO is currently underway with higher frequency sources in development. Simulations predict 6-8 mW of RF power over a 100 GHz bandwidth.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrostatic Charging Due to Separation of Ions at Interfaces: Contact Electrification of Ionic Electrets (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Designing Highly Efficient Temperature Controller for Nanoparticles Hyperthermia (2022)

This paper presents various control system design techniques for temperature control of Magnetic Fluid hyperthermia. The purpose of this research is to design a cost-effective, efficient, and practically implementable temperature controller for Magnetic Fluid hyperthermia, which is presently under research as a substitute to the radiation and chemotherapy treatment of cancer. The principle of this phenomenon centers on the greater sensitivity of tumor cells to changes in temperature in comparison to healthy cells. Once the nanoparticles reach the desired tissue, it can then be placed in a varying magnetic field to dissipate the heat locally by raising the temperature to 45 °C in order to kill cancerous cells. One of the challenging tasks is to maintain the temperature strictly at desired point i.e., 45 °C. Temperature controller for magnetic fluid hyperthermia provides the tight control of temperature in order to avoid folding of proteins and save the tissues around the cancerous tissue from getting destroyed. In contrast with most of the existing research on this topic, which are based on linear control strategies or their improved versions, the novelty of this research lies in applying nonlinear control technique like Sliding Mode Control (SMC) to accurately control the temperature at desired value. A comparison of the control techniques is presented in this paper, based on reliability, robustness, precision and the ability of the controller to handle the non-linearities that are faced during the treatment of cancer. SMC showed promising results in terms of settling time and rise time. Steady state error was also reduced to zero using this technique.