gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetics and intraocular pressure–lowering activity of TAK-639, a novel C-type natriuretic peptide analog, in rabbit, dog, and monkey (2019)

TAK-639 is a topical, 9-amino acid, synthetic, C-type natriuretic peptide analog in development for the treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. This study investigated the impact of TAK-639 on intraocular pressure (IOP), the levels of TAK-639 in aqueous humor, and the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationship of TAK-639 following topical ocular administration to normotensive female Dutch belted rabbits, beagle dogs, and cynomolgus monkeys. In the IOP studies, rabbits (n = 6/group) and dogs (n = 8/group) received a single topical ocular dose of TAK-639 0.03%, 0.1%, 0.3%, or 0.6% in the right eye and vehicle in the left eye; monkeys (n = 8/group) received TAK-639 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, or 1.2% in the right eye only. IOP was measured pre dose and at various time points from 0.5 to 24 h post dose for rabbits, and 1-48 h post dose for dogs and monkeys. To assess exposure in aqueous humor, another set of animals received a single ocular dose of TAK-639 0.03%, 0.1%, 0.3%, or 0.6% (rabbits, n = 20/group; dogs, n = 14/group) or TAK-639 0.3%, 0.6%, or 1.2% (monkeys, n = 10/group) in both eyes. Aqueous humor and plasma were collected at the same post dose time points at which IOP was measured. Aqueous humor and plasma TAK-639 concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated with non-compartmental analysis. Topical ocular administration of TAK-639 resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in IOP, with maximum mean decreases in IOP ranging from -8.90% to -34.4% in the rabbit, from -16.5% to -26.4% in the dog, and from -3.43% to -13.5% in the monkey. The duration of the IOP-lowering effect was 12 h in the rabbit and monkey and 48 h in the dog. TAK-639 exposure in aqueous humor (both maximum concentration and area under the curve) was also dose dependent, with maximum concentration ranging from 0.152 to 93.6 ng/mL (0.03% and 0.6% doses, respectively) in rabbits, 0.490-13.8 ng/mL (0.03% and 0.3% doses, respectively) in dogs, and 1.16-18.1 ng/mL (0.3% and 1.2% doses, respectively) in monkeys. The pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profile, when fitted to an inhibitory sigmoidal model, demonstrated that TAK-639 exposure in aqueous humor correlated well with IOP reduction in these species. The TAK-639 exposure in aqueous humor at half maximal IOP reduction (EC<sub>50</sub>) was lower in monkey and dog than in rabbit (0.2 and 0.4 vs. 2.0 ng/mL, respectively). In plasma, quantifiable concentrations of TAK-639 were low and detectable predominantly at early time points. In conclusion, in rabbit, dog, and monkey, a single topical ocular drop of TAK-639 had a significant IOP-lowering effect that correlated well with increases in TAK-639 levels in aqueous humor and resulted in minimal systemic exposure of TAK-639.
Poliisin hallintorakenneuudistus Satakunnassa yhteistoiminnan ja muutosjohtamisen näkökulmista (2013)

Tutkielmassa käsitellään poliisin hallintorakenneuudistuksen (PORA) toteuttamista Satakunnassa, jonne perustettiin 1.1.2009 toimintansa aloittanut Satakunnan poliisilaitos. Satakunnan poliisilaitos muodostettiin yhdistämällä Kankaanpään, Kokemäen, Rauman ja Porin kihlakuntien poliisilaitokset. Tutkielmassa selvitetään valtion yhteistoimintalain ja yhteistoimintasopimusten soveltamista sekä muutosjohtamisen ja organisaatiomuutoksen toteuttamiseen kehitettyjen mallien hyväksikäyttämistä organisaatiomuutoksessa. \n\nTutkimuksen tarkoituksena on tulkita ja ymmärtää Satakunnan poliisilaitoksen muodostaminen henkilökunnan aseman ja organisaatioiden muutosprosessien kannalta. Tutkimustehtävänä oli myös tutkimusaiheeseen liittyvän lainsäädäntö- ja teoriaperustan kartoitus. Tutkimusaineisto koostuu oikeudellisesta kirjallisuudesta, kuntien, valtion ja yritysten yhteistoimintalainsäädännöstä, poliisihallintoa koskevista yhteistoimintasopimuksista, organisaatiotutkimus- ja muutosjohtamiskirjallisuudesta sekä Satakunnan PORA -asiakirjoista. Tutkimusmenetelminä käytettiin lainopin metodia säädösten soveltamisen arvioinnissa sekä sisällönanalyysia muutosjohtamismalleja ja asiakirja-aineistoja kuvattaessa.\n\nSatakunnassa sovellettiin lakia yhteistoiminnasta valtion virastoissa ja laitoksissa uutta organisaatiota muodostettaessa osallistamalla henkilöstö ja tiedottamalla henkilöstölle ajantasaisesti muutokseen liittyvistä asioista. Sekä henkilöstön edustajia että henkilökuntaan kuuluvia oli jäseninä lähes jokaisessa työryhmässä. Henkilökunnalle tiedotettiin intranetin välityksellä ja järjestettiin tiedotustilaisuuksia. Lisäksi esimiehet osallistuivat organisaatiouudistukseen liittyviin koulutustilaisuuksiin. PORA -uudistus oli Satakunnassa osa poliisihallinnon valtakunnallista organisaatiouudistusta ja siksi myös uuden Satakunnan poliisilaitoksen muodostaminen toteutettiin valtakunnallisen suunnitelman mukaisesti. Organisaatiouudistus toteutettiin muutosjohtamisen ydinmallien menetelmien mukaisesti. Vaikka PORA-uudistukseen ei ollutkaan nimetty omaa muutosjohtamisen ydinmallia, sen toteuttamistavasta löytyi erilaisten mallien elementtejä.\n\nAsiasanat: henkilöstön osallistuminen, muutosjohtaminen, organisaatiouudistus, poliisin hallintorakenneuudistus, PORA, valtion yhteistoimintalaki, yhteistoimintalaki, yhteistoimintasopimus.
Re: SCRIB Expression is Deregulated in Human Prostate Cancer, and its Deficiency in Mice Promotes Prostate Neoplasia (2012)

No AccessJournal of UrologyInvestigative Urology1 Jul 2012Re: SCRIB Expression is Deregulated in Human Prostate Cancer, and its Deficiency in Mice Promotes Prostate Neoplasia Anthony AtalaM.D. Anthony AtalaAnthony Atala More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2012.03.073AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: SCRIB Expression is Deregulated in Human Prostate Cancer, and its Deficiency in Mice Promotes Prostate Neoplasia." The Journal of Urology, 188(1), pp. 324–325 © 2012 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 188Issue 1July 2012Page: 324-325 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2012 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Anthony Atala More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Prediction of Groundwater Flow and Transport Processes in an Urban Area: A Combined Approach of Field Testing and Numerical Modeling (2015)

Drinking water supply in urban areas is challenging due to different kinds of water use and potential groundwater contamination. We investigate an area where drinking water production is close to different contaminated sites. The study site is characterized by a high complexity of the tectonic and geological setting with a gravel and a karstic aquifer. The two aquifers are partly connected, partly disconnected by an aquitard. To avoid drinking water contamination, artificial groundwater recharge with surface water into the gravel aquifer is used to create a hydraulic barrier between the contaminated sites and the water abstraction wells. Trace compounds, that were found in former times in the surface water but not nowadays, are still detected in the extracted drinking water. Different studies have been performed such as numerical modeling, intensive groundwater monitoring and investigation of drilling cores to get a differentiated overview of the distribution of the contaminants. Back-diffusion from the matrix due to changing hydraulic boundary was stated to be the reason for the actual distribution of the contaminants. In a first approach due to the lack of experimental data or evidence from field measurements, the permeabilities of the karstic aquifer were assumed as homogeneous. In our study, we seek to identify the flow and transport processes within the system including the fracture network in a combined approach of field work and 3D modeling with FEFLOW. During a field campaign we acquired water samples for the analysis of stable water isotopes as well as organic and inorganic compounds. Furthermore, tritium and helium samples were taken to estimate water ages and to determine the flow through the fracture networks. A combination of existing and recently obtained data was used to build and validate a 3D flow and transport model. The simulation of different scenarios such as the water flow for varying injection and extraction rates as well as particle transport from different sources is carried out. To investigate the effect of subsurface heterogeneity, PEST, an independent parameter estimation and uncertainty analysis software, was used. With the calibrated model we will be able to optimize the operational conditions of artificial recharge and drinking water production especially at the boundaries of the production field. Hence, we can provide guidelines for an improved water resource management.
Proceedings of the 2014 international symposium on Low power electronics and design (2014)

It is our great pleasure to welcome you to the 2014 ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Power Electronics and Design -- ISLPED'14, in the beautiful city of La Jolla, CA, USA. mission of our symposium is to provide education and technical enrichment for professionals in the area of low power electronics and design and promote advancement of the state-of-the-art in the same area. It provides a forum for technical discussions and a platform for examining new ideas and research topics.

This year, the call for papers attracted 184 submissions from Asia, Africa, Europe, and North & South America. Technical Program Committee (TPC), consisting of 78 experts from industry and academia, accepted a total of 63 papers divided into 43 for full-length presentations and 20 for poster presentations. accepted papers cover a variety of low-power topics in technologies, circuits, logic & architecture, CAD Tools & methodologies, systems & platforms, and software and applications. We are very thankful to the authors for contributing to ISLEPD'14. We are also grateful to our TPC members for volunteering their valuable time and effort in reviewing the papers, attending the in-person review meeting, and providing feedback to the authors.

In addition to the above accepted papers, this year's program features: 
Three Keynote Speeches on Low Power Design Techniques in Mobile Processes by Dr. Karim Arabi, VP Engineering, Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.; Accelerator-Rich Architectures --- From Single-chip to Datacenters by Prof. Jason Cong, Chancellor's Professor at the Computer Science Dept., UCLA, and The New (System) Balance of Power and Opportunities for Optimizations by Dr. Partha Ranganathan, Principal Engineer, Google.
Industry Focus Session on the Challenges of Power Analog Circuits, Exploiting FD-SOI for Energy Efficient SoCs, and Using Embedded STT-MRAM for Mobile Applications.
Four Embedded Invited Papers on Emerging Interconnect Technologies, Power Processor Design, Leakage Mitigation in Smartphone SoCs, and Powering the Internet of Things.
Embedded Tutorial by industry DA experts on Failing to Fail - Achieving Success in Advanced Power Design using UPF.



We hope the above talks will complement our main program by providing you with an in-depth understanding of the low-power state-of-the-art as well as gives you valuable insights into future trends. Finally, we hope that you will find the overall program interesting and thought-provoking and that the symposium will provide you with a valuable opportunity to share ideas with other researchers and practitioners from institutions around the world.
Alterations in intracellular potassium concentration by HIV-1 and SIV Nef (2008)

These results suggest that HIV-1 Nef regulates intracellular ion concentrations indirectly, and may interact with membrane proteins such as ion channels to modify their electrical properties.
La chimie à l’interface avec la biologie : une science pour aujourd’hui et demain (2011)

L’année internationale de la chimie est l’occasion de rappeler plusieurs caractéristiques propres à cette discipline, trop souvent et trop injustement décriée par l’opinion et les médias et pourtant si centrale pour le développement économique et le bien-être de nos sociétés. Tout d’abord la chimie est seule, peut être, à avoir des frontières avec l’ensemble des autres disciplines. Cela lui donne la possibilité d’intervenir de façon pertinente et originale sur pratiquement tous les grands déf...
DETERMINATION OF ANDROGRAPHOLIDE FROM ANDROGRAPHICS PANICULATA IN SERUM OF RATS BY HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (1999)

ISHS II WOCMAP Congress Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Part 2: Pharmacognosy, Pharmacology, Phytomedicine, Toxicology DETERMINATION OF ANDROGRAPHOLIDE FROM ANDROGRAPHICS PANICULATA IN SERUM OF RATS BY HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
Virtualized GPUs in High Performance Datacenters (2018)

Virtualization has become the foundation of high performance datacenters. The scale of high performance datacenters is similar to the scale of supercomputers used in High Performance Computing (HPC). Both involve millions of CPU cores, tens of thousands of accelerators like GPUs, FPGAs connected by high speed interconnects and different connection topologies. GPUs are essential in high performance computing because of their high throughput and energy efficiency. Many high performance computing workloads have avoided virtualization because of performance concerns. As the scale of high performance datacenter increases, the need for ease of management becomes critical. The virtualized GPUs offer new opportunities in efficient resource allocation in managing datacenters. In this paper, we present different GPU virtualization solutions and discuss its related aspects that helps GPU based applications running efficiently at scale. We also present a comprehensive performance study of virtualized GPU that addresses main considerations of running high performance applications in virtualized datacenters. We evaluate the performance of virtual GPUs from many different angles: the overhead of virtual GPUs compared to physical GPU, the impact of using container, the use of virtualized GPUs for many different types of HPC applications, the solution of mixing workloads to increase resource utilization and system consolidation, the scalability, as well as how to make the right choice of vGPU profile.
Switch from zidovudine- to non-zidovudine-containing regimens is associated with modest haematological improvement and no obvious clinical benefit: a substudy of the ANRS 099 ALIZE trial (2008)

A switch from a long-standing zidovudine- to a non-zidovudine-containing regimen modestly improves haematological parameters and is not associated with obvious clinical benefit.
Immunological evidence supporting the use of extracts from Boehmeria jamaicensis Urb for treating the common cold and sinus infections. (2007)

Mixed lymphocyte responses assays were conducted at 25.0 and 250.0 microg/mL of the crude ethanolic extract of Boehmeria jamaicensis Urb (coded as BJE) using peripheral lymphocytes obtained from individuals suffering from the common cold after four days of infection and from healthy individuals (without the common cold infection). At a concentration of 25 ug/mL, gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) was increased by 24.03 fold and interleukin 4 (IL-4) by 1.71 fold for the cells obtained from individuals with the common cold (Group A). The extract suppressed IFN-gamma by 8.3% while IL-4 was stimulated by 9.90 fold from peripheral lymphocytes obtained from healthy individuals (Group B). Gamma interferon was suppressed at 250 microg/mL while IL-4 was elevated by 1.86 fold for cells obtained from individuals suffering from the common cold (Group A). In conclusion, BJE could have implications for the treatment of the common cold.
Practical observers for unmeasured states in turbocharged gasoline engines (2009)

Turbocharged gasoline engines are becoming more common in production vehicles as consumers demand improved fuel economy with uncompromised performance. Controlling this complex system to meet these and other competing objectives is a challenging task. Knowledge of exhaust manifold pressure and turbocharger speed can be important to success. Physical conditions of the system, however, make measurement impractical and costly, compelling manufacturers to implement some form of on-line estimation. Additional constraints imposed by computational resources and calibration processes limit application of a traditional state observer. In this paper, singular perturbation concepts are employed in concert with the reduced order observer to develop more practical estimates of exhaust manifold pressure and turbocharger speed. Simulation results show excellent observer performance with a significant reduction in calibration complexity.
The Performance of Drag Reducing Agents in Multiphase Flow Conditions at High Pressure: Positive and Negative Effects (2008)

Drag reducing agents (DRA) in multiphase flow pipeline is of great interest in petroleum and pipeline industries since production can be increased by decreasing the pressure drop. Experiments were carried out in a 36-m long, 10-cm diameter multiphase flow system to examine the effect of drag reducing agents (DRA) on average pressure drop and slug characteristics. Superficial liquid velocities between 0.5 and 1.5 m/s and superficial gas velocities between 4 and 10 m/s were investigated. Temperature and pressure were maintained at 30 °C and 0.45 MPa. The DRA concentrations of 0, 25 and 50 ppm were used in this study. The results show that the average pressure drop decreased significantly by the change of flow characteristics when DRA was injected into the pipeline. At certain conditions, it was seen that a transition in flow pattern occurred from slug to wavy stratified flow with DRA. In addition, DRA was able to decrease the degree of turbulence at the gas-liquid interface with the addition of DRA. Some negative performance with the use of DRA in multiphase flow pipeline is also presented in this paper.
Temporal Language Modeling for Short Text Document Classification with Transformers (2022)

Language models are typically trained on solely text data, not utilizing document timestamps, which are available in most internet corpora. In this paper, we examine the impact of incorporating timestamp into transformer language model in terms of downstream classification task and masked language modeling on 2 short texts corpora. We examine different timestamp components: day of the month, month, year, weekday. We test different methods of incorporating date into the model: prefixing date components into text input and adding trained date embeddings. Our study shows, that such a temporal language model performs better than a regular language model for both documents from training data time span and unseen time span. That holds true for classification and language modeling. Prefixing date components into text performs no worse than training special date components embeddings.
5‐HT1A receptor agonist 8‐OH‐DPAT reliably recovered opioid induced cardio‐respiratory disturbances in conscious rats. (2006)

Recent studies demonstrated that 5‐HT‐1a or 4a receptor agonists (8‐OH‐DPAT, BIMU8 respectively) can reverse μ‐opioid receptor (μ‐OR) evoked respiratory depression. Here, we assessed if 8‐OH‐DPAT could rescue the severe disturbances in the cardiovascular system caused by intravenous infusion of remi‐fentanyl (8–12mg/h), a potent and reversible μ‐OR agonist. In unrestrained conscious rats (Wistar), radio‐telemetry was used to record arterial blood pressure (ABP) and from this heart rate (HR) derived. Diaphragmatic EMG was recorded also. The effect of remi‐fentanyl was characterised by massive fluctuations of ABP, bradyarrhythmia and bradypnoea in combination with apneusis. Single bolus application of 8‐OH‐DPAT (1mg/kg i.v.) immediately stabilised the fluctuations in ABP and HR, although values remained below control recordings obtained prior to remi‐fentanyl. 8‐OH‐DPAT also increased respiratory rate and the apneustic pattern was abolished. Minutes after stopping the infusion of remi‐fentanyl all cardiovascular and respiratory variables recovered to control. We conclude from this study in conscious rats that a 5‐HT1A receptor agonist might be an attractive tool to treat μ‐OR induced disturbances on cardiovascular and respiratory function in a clinical setting. Research funded by the CMBP Göttingen &amp; the BHF
ChemInform Abstract: The Rationale and Strategy Used to Develop a Series of Highly Potent, Irreversible Inhibitors of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Family of Tyrosine Kinases (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Production, characterization and in vitro testing of HBcAg-specific VHH intrabodies (2009)

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections represent a global health problem, since these account for 350 million chronic infections worldwide that result in 500,000-700,000 deaths each year. Control of viral replication and HBV-related disease and mortality are of utmost importance. Because the currently available antiviral therapies all have major limitations, new strategies to treat chronic HBV infection are eagerly awaited. Six single-domain antibodies (VHHs) targeting the core antigen of HBV (HBcAg) have been generated and three of these bound strongly to HBcAg of both subtype ayw and adw. These three VHHs were studied as intrabodies directed towards the nucleus or the cytoplasm of a hepatoma cell line that was co-transfected with HBV. A speckled staining of HBcAg was observed in the cytoplasm of cells transfected with nucleotropic VHH intrabodies. Moreover, an increased intracellular accumulation of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and a complete disappearance of intracellular HBcAg signal were observed with nuclear targeted HBcAg-specific VHHs. These results suggest that HBcAg-specific VHHs targeted to the nucleus affect HBcAg and HBeAg expression and trafficking in HBV-transfected hepatocytes.
INHIBITION OF XENOGENEIC ANTI-ATG ANTIBODY PRODUCTION BY LEFLUNOMIDE IN ATG-TREATED RATS RESULTS IN SUPERIOR GRAFT PROTECTION. (2000)

Woo, Jacky1; Zhang, Wei1; Gao, Lan1; Shen, Jikun2; Chong, Anita2; Buelow, Roland1 Author Information
Modeling Failure Priors and Persistence in Model-Based Diagnosis (2013)

Probabilistic model-based diagnosis computes the posterior probabilities of failure of components from the prior probabilities of component failure and observations of system behavior. One problem with this method is that such priors are almost never directly available. One of the reasons is that the prior probability estimates include an implicit notion of a time interval over which they are specified -- for example, if the probability of failure of a component is 0.05, is this over the period of a day or is this over a week? A second problem facing probabilistic model-based diagnosis is the modeling of persistence. Say we have an observation about a system at time t_1 and then another observation at a later time t_2. To compute posterior probabilities that take into account both the observations, we need some model of how the state of the system changes from time t_1 to t_2. In this paper, we address these problems using techniques from Reliability theory. We show how to compute the failure prior of a component from an empirical measure of its reliability -- the Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF). We also develop a scheme to model persistence when handling multiple time tagged observations.