gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microbiological hydroxylation of steroids. Part X. 1β,11α-Dihydroxylation of 3β-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one and the hydroxylation of other 20-oxo-5α-pregnanes with the fungus Aspergillus ochraceus (1973)

Hydroxylation of 3β-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one with Aspergillus ochraceus, in shake-flasks or using 10g batch fermentation, gives 1β,3β,11α-trihydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one as the main product (ca. 50% yield); this trihydroxy-ketone is readily converted into 5α-pregn-1-ene-3,11,20-trione. With some other 20-oxo-5α-pregnanes containing a second oxygen group, the initial 11α-hydroxylation is followed by a variety of processes which lead to mixtures of products.
Low-Loss Silicon Nitride AWG Demultiplexer Heterogeneously Integrated With Hybrid III–V/Silicon Photodetectors (2013)

A unique and novel platform that combines III-V and silicon photonic components with ultra-low loss silicon nitride waveguides for monolithic integration of novel photonic circuits is presented. Successful (proof-of-principle) integration of eight hybrid III-V/silicon photodetectors and an arrayed waveguide grating is shown. The InGaAs photodiodes in this platform had average fiber-coupled responsivity of 0.36 A/W at 1550 nm, 30 GHz electrical bandwidth, and operated up to 50 Gb/s. The AWG had an insertion loss of 0.85 dB and adjacent-channel cross-talk less than -38 dB.
A Study on Design and Analysis of New Lubricant for Near Contact Recording (2008)

As hard-disk drives require higher recording density and reliability, the technology of the head-disk interface (HDI) is facing more challenging tasks regarding its tribological performance. Fluorinated lubricants are commonly used in the phase of near contact recording whose HDI is below 10 nm. However, conventionally obtainable compounds have some disadvantages derived from their chemical frameworks. QA-40 is a newly designed and synthesized fluorine-containing lubricant for near contact recording with desirable properties in chemical stability, friction force and adhesion.
Infection of human dendritic cells by measles virus induces immune suppression. (1997)

International audience
Improved survival by Helicobacter pylori -modulated immunity in gastric cancer patients with S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy (2021)

Abstract Background Paradoxically, Helicobacter pylori- positive (HP + ) advanced gastric cancer patients have a better prognosis than those who are HP-negative (HP - ). Immunologic and statistical analyses can be used to verify whether systematic mechanisms modulated by HP are involved in this more favorable outcome. Methods A total of 658 advanced gastric cancer patients who underwent gastrectomy were enrolled. HP infection, mismatch repair, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and CD4/CD8 proteins, and microsatellite instability were analyzed. Overall survival (OS) and relapse free survival (RFS) rates were analyzed after stratifying clinicopathological factors. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to identify independent prognostic factors. Results Among 491 cases that were analyzed, 175 (36%) and 316 (64%) cases were HP + and HP−, respectively. Analysis of RFS indicated an interaction of HP status among the subgroups for S-1 Dose ( P =0.0487) and PD-L1 ( P =0.016). HP + patients in the PD-L1 group had significantly higher five-year OS and RFS than HP - patients (81% vs. 68%; P =0.0011; HR 0.477; and 76% vs. 63%; P =0.0011; HR 0.508, respectively). The five-year OS and RFS was also significantly higher for HP + compared to HP - patients in the PD-L1 - /S-1-reduced group (86% vs. 46%; p =0.0014; HR 0.205; 83% vs. 34%; p =0.001; HR 0.190, respectively). Thus, HP status was identified as one of the most potentially important independent factors to predict prolonged survival. Conclusion Modulation of host immune system function by HP may contribute to prolonged survival in the absence of immune escape mechanisms of gastric cancer.
Embedding real vehicles in SUMO for large-scale ITS scenario emulation (2013)

We present a platform for embedding, in real-time, real vehicles into SUMO (Simulation of Urban MObility). The purpose of the platform is to provide a half-way mark between emulating large-scale traffic scenarios purely with simulators, and demonstrating prototype technologies in the real world with small fleets of field-test vehicles, in the pursuit of evaluating experimental large-scale intelligent transportation systems (ITS).
Enhanced nonlinear beam steering near band-edges of waveguide arrays (2005)

We investigate experimentally nonlinear dynamics of light beams coupled near band edges of waveguide arrays. In this regime nonlinearity results in strong beam shifts, due to the high curvature of the diffraction curves.
Resting echocardiography and quantitative dipyridamole technetium-99m sestamibi tomography in the identification of cardiac allograft vasculopathy and the prediction of long-term prognosis after heart transplantation (2001)

Normal resting wall motion at echocardiography coupled to normal stress myocardial perfusion, rules out the presence of significant coronary allograft vasculopathy in many heart transplant recipients. Conversely, resting wall motion abnormalities and perfusion defects strongly predict cardiac events. Therefore, a strategy which reserves angiography for patients with resting wall motion abnormalities and/or perfusion defects may be safe and cost-effective.
ChemInform Abstract: Electronic and Steric Control of Regioselectivities in Rh(I)‐Catalyzed [5 + 2] Cycloadditions: Experiment and Theory. (2010)

Abstract Bulky and electron‐rich alkyne substituents are leading to preferential formation of (2,5)‐ [cf.
Survival of adult basal forebrain cholinergic neurons after loss of target neurons (1990)

Target cells are thought to regulate the survival of afferent neurons during development by supplying limiting amounts of neurotrophic factors, but the degree to which afferent neurons remain dependent on target-derived support in the adult is uncertain. In this study, uninjured basal forebrain cholinergic neurons did not die after excitotoxic ablation of their target neurons in young adult rats, indicating that they are either not dependent on neurotrophic factors for survival or can obtain trophic support from other sources after target neurons are lost. This finding suggests that cholinergic cell death in neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease is not due solely to a loss of target neurons or factors provided by them.
A Composite Scaffold for the Engineering of Hollow Organs and Tissues (2008)

Introduction Several types of synthetic and naturally derived biomaterials have been used for augmenting hollow organs and tissues. However, each has desirable traits which were exclusive of the other. We fabricated a composite scaffold and tested its potential for the engineering of hollow organs in a bladder tissue model. Materials and Methods The composite scaffolds were configured to accommodate a large number of cells on one side and were designed to serve as a barrier on the other side. The scaffolds were fabricated by bonding a collagen matrix to PGA polymers with threaded collagen fiber stitches. Bladder cells were seeded on the composite scaffolds, and implanted in mice for up to 4 weeks and analyzed. Results and Discussion The composite scaffolds, consisting of an acellular matrix and PGA polymers, are tightly bonded, and maintained their structural properties. The bladder cells readily attached and proliferated on the scaffolds and formed bladder tissue structures in vivo. The biomechanical studies demonstrated that the tissues were readily elastic while maintaining their pre‐configured structures. Conclusions We demonstrate that a composite scaffold can be fabricated with two completely different polymer systems for the engineering of hollow organs.
Position Self-Sensing Evaluation of a FI-IPMSM Based on High-Frequency Signal Injection Methods (2013)

The flux-intensified interior permanent-magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) (FI-IPMSM) lends itself to designing for good self-sensing properties. This paper begins by evaluating the self-sensing position estimation performance of a suitably designed FI-IPMSM machine using different high-frequency injection methods. This paper then uses an alternative square-wave injection method to estimate the FI-IPMSM rotor position. The experiment results show that the estimation accuracy and system robustness are improved. It is known that secondary saliencies and saliency offset caused by the saturation of the machine can degrade the estimation accuracy. This paper also includes modeling, measurement, and decoupling methods that mitigate these undesirable effects, which are also implemented using an experimental FI-IPMSM. Estimation accuracy and torque ripple caused by the injection current are examined for this FI-IPMSM. Comparisons of the methods are presented.
Copper‐Catalyzed N‐Arylation of Oxindoles. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Medical device compendium for the developing world: A new approach in project and service-based learning for engineering graduate students (2013)

Project and service-based learning approaches have proven effective in preparing new generations of engineers to tackle emerging local and global challenges. However, such approaches are mostly limited by the boundaries of the classroom and the academic term. This article describes a case study of a unique and inexpensive project- and service-based learning approaches that were carried out first within the confines of a classroom and later transitioned to the real world as a practical product through a co-curricular activity. An evaluation of the educational outcomes of the course of study found an overall positive impact on student learning. The course itself resulted in the establishment of a Global Health Medical Devices Compendium, a new open-source information-sharing platform that presents available medical devices designed for, or implemented in, the developing world.
Mutations in the β-tubulin binding site for peloruside A confer resistance by targeting a cleft significant in side chain binding (2011)

Peloruside A is a microtubule-stabilizing macrolide that binds to beta tubulin at a site distinct from the taxol site. The site was previously identified by H-D exchange mapping and molecular docking as a region close to the outer surface of the microtubule and confined in a cavity surrounded by a continuous loop of protein folded so as to center on Y340. We have isolated a series of peloruside A-resistant lines of the human ovarian carcinoma cell line A2780(1A9) to better characterize this binding site and the consequences of altering residues in it. Four resistant lines (Pel A-D) are described with single-base mutations in class I β-tubulin that result in the following substitutions: R306H, Y340S, N337D, and A296S in various combinations. The mutations are localized to peptides previously identified by Hydrogen-Deuterium exchange mapping, and center on a cleft in which the drug side chain appears to dock. The Pel lines are 10-15-fold resistant to peloruside A and show cross resistance to laulimalide but not to any other microtubule stabilizers. They show no cross-sensitivity to any microtubule destabilizers, nor to two drugs with targets unrelated to microtubules. Peloruside A induces G2/M arrest in the Pel cell lines at concentrations 10-15 times that required in the parental line. The cells show notable changes in morphology compared to the parental line.
Ultra-high-speed LN vector modulators (2012)

This paper describes recent progress of high-speed lithium niobate (LN) modulator technologies for advanced modulation formats. Integrated devices can synthesize multi-level lightwave signals in photonic circuits. Precise and high-speed modulation also plays important roles in broadband wireless transmission.
Combination immunotherapy with oncolytic vaccinia virus and checkpoint inhibitor following local tumor irradiation (2014)

Meeting abstracts Oncolytic virotherapy is safe and clinically active in solid tumors, however its efficacy in hematologic malignancies as well as in combination with checkpoint inhibitors and radiation is unexplored. To simulate advanced lymphoma, A20 cells were injected subcutaneously on
Digital nonlinear distortion compensation (2016)

Nonlinear distortion is considered as the ultimate limitation of optical transmission. Various digital nonlinear distortion compensation methods, including perturbation based method for long reach application and Volterra based method for short reach application are reviewed.
Synergistic effects of autologous cell and hepatocyte growth factor gene therapy for neovascularization in a murine model of hindlimb ischemia (2009)

Autologous cell implantation and angiogenic gene therapy have been evaluated in critical limb ischemic patients. Here, we compared the features of these strategies individually and in combination. C57BL/6J mice with ischemic hindlimbs were injected with adherent mononuclear cells (aMNCs) from bone marrow or adenovirus encoding the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) gene (Ad-HGF). Under comparable angiogenic conditions, 10 x 10(5) aMNCs produced significantly higher amounts of VEGF and FGF-2 and stimulated the number of arterioles in ischemic muscle compared with 1 x 10(8) plaque-forming units (pfu) of Ad-HGF. Ad-HGF produced 10 times more HGF in ischemic muscle compared with aMNCs. Injection of 0.3 x 10(5) aMNCs previously transfected with Ad-HGF (aMNC/Ad-HGF) increased blood flow and elevated the numbers of capillaries and arterioles to levels comparable with that seen with 10 x 10(5) aMNCs or 1 x 10(8) pfu of Ad-HGF. Hypoxic conditions induced the apoptotic death of aMNCs. However, coincubation with HGF or aMNC/Ad-HGF protected cells against apoptosis. HGF stimulated the migration of aMNCs, and the migration capacity of the aMNC/Ad-HGF group was significantly higher than that in the aMNC/Ad-LacZ group. In conclusion, cell-based HGF gene therapy decreased the number of cells required for neovascularization. This strategy can be an effective angiogenic therapy.
Optical properties of molecules chemisorbed on the Ni (111) surface (1982)

The adsorption of a series of molecules on Ni (111) is studied by UV visible spectroscopic ellipsometry. The spectra were analyzed within a simple dielectric model. Chemisorption of molecules on the Ni (111) surface produces a peak in the overlayer optical response at 4.2 eV. This absorption peak is attributed to the selective enhancement of bulk interband excitations resulting from perturbations of the metal orbitals upon chemisorption.
<title>High-performance AlGaInP light-emitting diodes</title> (1997)

A new class of LEDs based on the AlGaInP material system first became commercially available in the early 1990's. These devices benefit from a direct bandgap from the red to the yellow-green portion of the spectrum. The high efficiencies possible in AlGaInP across this spectrum have enabled new applications for LEDs including automotive lighting, outdoor variable message signs, outdoor large screen video displays, and traffic signal lights. A review of high-brightness AlGaInP LED technology will be presented.
Abstract 2040: Withaferin A inhibits epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in non-small lung cell cancer cells via regulation of SMAD and NFkB signaling (2018)

Abstract Background: Metastasis remains the primary cause in lung cancer. Epithelial-to-mesenchyme transition (EMT) has been identified as the hallmark for metastasis in NSCLC, and is being explored for drug targeting. Aberrant signaling mechanisms for cytokines such as TGF-β1 and TNFα are known to induce EMT. In this study we demonstrate the effect and mechanisms of WFA inhibition of EMT in NSCLC cell lines. Objective: The present study was done to determine the effect of WFA on TGF-β1 and TNFα induced EMT, migration and invasion in human NSCLC cells. Furthermore, to determine underlying the mechanisms of WFA inhibition of EMT. Methods: Two human NSCLC cell lines (H1299 and A549) were cultured in DMEM media. To induce the EMT, cells in serum free media were challenged with TGF-β1 (5 ng/mL) or TNFα (5 ng/mL) alone or in combination. To determine the effects of WFA, cells were either pre- or co-treated with different concentrations of WFA for various time points. Western blot analysis, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), RT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining were used to determine effects of WFA on Smad2/3 and NFkB activation. Cell adhesion, migration and invasion assays were used to assess in vitro anti-metastatic activity. Results: Our findings indicate that the cytokines TGF-β1 and TNFα cooperate to promote the acquisition of EMT phenotype, migration and invasion of NSCLC cells in vitro. There was a marked increase in the expression of EMT transcription factors Snail, Slug, ZEB and EMT markers such as vimentin and N-cadherin. Cells treated with TGF-β1/TNFα had significantly increased migratory and invasive capacities. WFA treatment significantly inhibited the TGF-β1 induced Smad2/3 activation and TNFα-induced translocation of NFkB into the nucleus. We observed a dose and time dependent inhibition of the phosphorylation of Smad2/3 and NFkB in both cell lines. The cell adhesion, migratory and invasive capacities of both H1299 and A549 cells were greatly diminished by WFA in the presence or absence of cytokines. Conclusion: Based on the current finding, it can be concluded that WFA inhibits EMT via negative regulation of Smad2/3 and NFkB signaling in NSCLC cells. Citation Format: Al Hassan Kyakulaga, Farrukh Aqil, Radha Munagala, Ramesh Gupta. Withaferin A inhibits epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in non-small lung cell cancer cells via regulation of SMAD and NFkB signaling [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2040.
Correction: Author Correction: Interplay between evanescence and disorder in deep subwavelength photonic structures (2018)

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12927.
A 20-Gb/s 0.13-/spl mu/m CMOS serial link transmitter using an LC-PLL to directly drive the output multiplexer (2005)

A 20-Gb/s transmitter is implemented in 0.13-/spl mu/m CMOS technology. An on-die 10-GHz LC oscillator phase-locked loop (PLL) creates two sinusoidal 10-GHz complementary clock phases as well as eight 2.5-GHz interleaved feedback divider clock phases. After a 2/sup 20/-1 pseudorandom bit sequence generator (PRBS) creates eight 2.5-Gb/s data streams, the eight 2.5-GHz interleaved clocks 4:1 multiplex the eight 2.5-Gb/s data streams to two 10-Gb/s data streams. 10-GHz analog sample-and-hold circuits retime the two 10-Gb/s data streams to be in phase with the 10-GHz complementary clocks. Two-tap equalization of the 10-Gb/s data streams compensate for bandwidth rolloff of the 10-Gb/s data outputs at the 10-GHz analog latches. A final 20-Gb/s 2:1 output multiplexer, clocked by the complementary 10-GHz clock phases, creates 20-Gb/s data from the two retimed 10-Gb/s data streams. The LC-VCO is integrated with the output multiplexer and analog latches, resonating the load and eliminating the need for clock buffers, reducing power supply induced jitter and static phase mismatch. Power, active die area, and jitter (rms/pk-pk) are 165 mW, 650 /spl mu/m/spl times/350 /spl mu/m, and 2.37 ps/15 ps, respectively.
Erratum 2: Search for dark matter and unparticles in events with a Z boson and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at s = 13 $$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ TeV (2018)

In the original paper, figure 10 was incorrect. The correct figure is shown below.&#13;\nAdditionally, the unparticle entries in table 3, as well as figure 4 and 5 were labelled with&#13;\nincorrect values of ΛU. The entries correctly correspond to ΛU = 1 TeV.
Analyses of antigen dependency networks unveil immune system reorganization between birth and adulthood (2011)

Much effort has been devoted to assess the importance of nodes in complex biological networks (such as gene transcriptional regulatory networks, protein interaction networks, and neural networks). Examples of commonly used measures of node importance include node degree, node centrality, and node vulnerability score (the effect of the node deletion on the network efficiency). Here, we present a new approach to compute and investigate the mutual dependencies between network nodes from the matrices of node-node correlations. To this end, we first define the dependency of node i on node j (or the influence of node j on node i), D(i, j) as the average over all nodes k of the difference between the i - k correlation and the partial correlations between these nodes with respect to node j. Note that the dependencies, D(i, j) define a directed weighted matrix, since, in general, D(i, j) differs from D( j, i). For this reason, many of the commonly used measures of node importance, such as node centrality, cannot be used. Hence, to assess the node importance of the dependency networks, we define the system level influence (SLI) of antigen j, SLI( j) as the sum of the influence of j on all other antigens i. Next, we define the system level influence or the influence score of antigen j, SLI( j) as the sum of D(i, j) over all nodes i. We introduce the new approach and demonstrate that it can unveil important biological information in the context of the immune system. More specifically, we investigated antigen dependency networks computed from antigen microarray data of autoantibody reactivity of IgM and IgG isotypes present in the sera of ten mothers and their newborns. We found that the analysis was able to unveil that there is only a subset of antigens that have high influence scores (SLI) common both to the mothers and newborns. Networks comparison in terms of modularity (using the Newman's algorithm) and of topology (measured by the divergence rate) revealed that, at birth, the IgG networks exhibit a more profound global reorganization while the IgM networks exhibit a more profound local reorganization. During immune system development, the modularity of the IgG network increases and becomes comparable to that of the IgM networks at adulthood. We also found the existence of several conserved IgG and IgM network motifs between the maternal and newborns networks, which might retain network information as our immune system develops. If correct, these findings provide a convincing demonstration of the effectiveness of the new approach to unveil most significant biological information. Whereas we have introduced the new approach within the context of the immune system, it is expected to be effective in the studies of other complex biological social, financial, and manmade networks.
A framework for scintillation in nanophotonics (2022)

Bombardment of materials by high-energy particles often leads to light emission in a process known as scintillation. Scintillation has widespread applications in medical imaging, x-ray nondestructive inspection, electron microscopy, and high-energy particle detectors. Most research focuses on finding materials with brighter, faster, and more controlled scintillation. We developed a unified theory of nanophotonic scintillators that accounts for the key aspects of scintillation: energy loss by high-energy particles, and light emission by non-equilibrium electrons in nanostructured optical systems. We then devised an approach based on integrating nanophotonic structures into scintillators to enhance their emission, obtaining nearly an order-of-magnitude enhancement in both electron-induced and x-ray-induced scintillation. Our framework should enable the development of a new class of brighter, faster, and higher-resolution scintillators with tailored and optimized performance.