gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Solenopsis Invicta Virus 3: Infection Tests with Adult Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) (2016)

Solenopsis invicta virus 3 (SINV-3) is a positive sense, single-stranded RNA virus that has considerable potential as a self-sustaining or classical biocontrol agent against the invasive fire ant Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) because it can cause substantial mortality in colonies of this species. Based on extensive host specificity tests with other ants, we predicted that SINV-3 would not infect the honey bee, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Nevertheless, because of the economic importance of honey bees, it was necessary to confirm this prediction before proceeding with field release of SINV-3 into regions where it does not yet occur. To test our prediction, we 1) examined field bees for the presence of the virus, 2) conducted specific searches of the GenBank databases for sequences (amino acid and nucleotide) with identity to SINV-3, and 3) inoculated laboratory groups of honey bees with large doses of SINV-3. SINV-3 was not detected in field bees or in GenBank libraries associated with honey bees, Apoidea, or non-host Insecta generally. Western blot analysis for SINV-3 capsid proteins showed that viral proteins were not produced in inoculated honey bees, but were produced in inoculated fire ants. Furthermore, qPCR analysis revealed no significant increase in SINV-3 quantity in honey bees, beyond the inoculating dose, whereas virus quantity dramatically increased over time in inoculated fire ants. Based on these results, we conclude that field release of SINV-3 as a biocontrol agent against red imported fire ants in regions without the virus would pose little or no threat to honey bees.
Failure of Autolysosome Fusion Results in Impaired Autophagy in UBQLN2-Linked ALS-FTD (P02.167) (2013)

OBJECTIVE: To further explore the pathogenic mechanism of UBQLN2-mediated ALS and ALS-FTD, and the effect of mutant UBQLN2 on autophagy.
Highly sensitive detection of methamphetamine (stimulant drug) by using SPR-based immunosensor and kinetic study of the immunoreaction on sensor element (1999)

Highly sensitive detection of methamphetamine (MA) was realized by using an immunosensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) phenomena. A methamphetamine-bovine serum albumin (MA-BSA) conjugate was prepared as an antigen, and it was immobilized on the Au thin film of sensor-chip. Introduction of MA into the antibody solution was found to decrease the incident angle shift sharply because of the inhibition effect of MA. Association constants between anti-MA antibody and MA as well as anti-MA antibody and MA-BSA were evaluated from the Langmuir isotherm adsorption model. The association constants between anti-MA antibody and MA or MA-BSA were estimated as 5.68×106M-1, 2.92×107 M-1 respectively. The association rate constant and dissociation rate constant were also estimated from typical transient responses to antibody solutions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Quaternary Carbon Stereogenic Centers Through Enantioselective Cu‐Catalyzed Allylic Substitutions with Vinylaluminum Reagents. (2011)

Abstract Catalytic enantioselective allylic substitution reactions using alkyl‐ and aryl‐substituted vinylaluminum reagents afford 1,4‐dienes containing a quaternary carbon stereogenic center at C‐3, also by addition of a vinyl unit.
40 Gb/s thermally tunable CMOS ring modulator (2012)

We report a high-contrast 40Gb/s ring modulator with integrated thermal tuning fabricated in a 130nm CMOS process. Under 2V modulation, its optical eyes showed extinction ratios of 7dB at 40Gb/s and 2.3dB at 44Gb/s.
Highly efficient switched-mode transmitter using a current mode class-D RF amplifier (2010)

This article presents a switched-mode transmitter architecture using a current mode class-D (CMCD) amplifier. To achieve high average efficiency for a modulated signal the envelope of the complex baseband signal is transformed into pulses such that the CMCD amplifier is operated either at its peak efficiency or completely switched off. The CMCD amplifier has been designed based on single-tone active harmonic load-pull measurements to achieve a power-added efficiency (PAE) of 61.5% with 25 W output power at 900 MHz using LDMOS FETs. Removing the losses of the demodulation filter and of the amplifier a 10% higher efficiency than in an ideal class-B amplifier can be obtained for burst-mode operation with a peak-to-average power ratio of 10 dB. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2010.
Anomalous transport and memory in quantun dot arrays (Invited Paper) (2005)

We address anomalous transport phenomena in arrays of semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum dots): Transient power-law decay of current as a response to a step in large bias voltage applied across the array, as well as memory effects observed after successive applications of the bias voltage. A novel phenomenological model of transport in such systems is proposed, capable of rationalizing both anomalous transport and memory. The model describes electron transport by a stationary Levy process of transmission events and therefore requires no time dependence of system properties. The long tail in the waiting time distribution gives rise to a nonstationary response in the presence of a voltage pulse. Noise measurements agree well with the predicted non-Poissonian fluctuations in current. We briefly discuss possible microscopic mechanisms that could cause the anomalous statistics in transmission.
Defining Value in Spine Care (2009)

Spinal disorders are extremely common, debilitating, and costly to the payer and to society as a whole. The rate and cost of various spinal treatments are increasing at an astonishing rate, but it is unclear whether the resulting quality of spinal care is improving. Rather than focusing solely on quality improvement measures or cost-saving measures, there is a recent emphasis on the value of health care. Defining the value of spine care depends on a standardized, accurate method of measuring outcomes and costs. It is important that the outcomes measured are patient centered and that both the outcomes and costs are measured over time with long-term follow-up. The purpose of this article is to review current methods for measuring outcomes and propose a means by which the value of spine care can be more clearly defined.
Encapsulation Method of Glucose Oxidase Solution with Ionic Liquid Solvent and Direct Parylene Deposition (2010)

We developed new encapsulation method of glucose oxidase solution with ionic liquid solvent and direct Parylene deposition for the application to MEMS glucose sensors. Glucose oxidase has been immobilized in gel or polymer on MEMS sensors, but its weak mechanical property has been remained to be solved. Then, its encapsulation has been demanded, but high-temperature MEMS bonding process (>150 °C) for packaging the solution is destructive to glucose oxidase which is denatured over 50 °C. To solve these problems, we encapsulated the glucose oxidase-ionic liquid solution with room-temperature packaging (25 °C) of direct Parylene deposition process. The glucose oxidase solution array with the area of 1 × 3 mm2 (approximately 1 μl) was patterned on the hydrophilic-hydrophobic surface modification on the MEMS electrochemical electrodes in the use of the wetting phenomenon of the solution and, then, packaged by the chemical vapor deposition of 1.5 μm Parylene. Parylene packages could be opened by pushing when used. The opened glucose oxidase solution reacted to 150 mM glucose solution, revealing the electrochemical potential of 150 mV. The sensitivity of our sensor ranged from 1 to 100 mM, which is the glucose concentration in the blood of the diabetic patients. Therefore, proposed encapsulation method exhibits the potential application to glucose sensor packages for diabetic patients.
A Longitudinal Epidemiology Study of Meningococcal Carriage in Students 13 to 25 Years Old in Quebec (2018)

<i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> carriage data are necessary to inform serogroup B (NmB) immunization program implementation. This longitudinal study compared detection methods to measure <i>N. meningitidis</i> throat carriage prevalence in Quebec from November 2010 to December 2013 using cultured swab isolates and direct swab PCR from students in ninth grade (aged 13 to 15 years; <i>n</i> = 534) and eleventh grade/college entry (16 to 18 years; <i>n</i> = 363) and in university students in dormitories (18 to 25 years; <i>n</i> = 360) at 3 time points per group. Meningococcal and NmB carriage rates were lower in ninth- and eleventh-grade/college entry students than university students, regardless of methodology. Genotyping cultured isolates by PCR detected NmB and non-NmB in 2.1% and 7.3% of ninth-grade students, in 1.7% and 7.2% of eleventh-grade/college entry students, and in 7.5% and 21.9% of university students, respectively. NmB acquisition rates were 1.9, 0.7, and 3.3 per 1,000 person-months across respective age groups. Most NmB isolates (94.7%, 76.9%, and 86.8%, respectively) expressed subfamily A factor H binding-protein (fHBP) variants. The most common non-NmB serogroups were NmY (1.7%/1.1%) from ninth grade and eleventh grade/college entry and NmW (2.8%) from university students. Genomic analyses detected disease-associated sequence types in carriage isolates, and carriage could persist for months. This is the largest longitudinal carriage study in Canada and the first to report fHBP variants in NmB carriage isolates in healthy Canadians. These data contribute to identification of the optimal window for NmB vaccination in precollege adolescents and provide a baseline for investigating NmB vaccination effects on carriage in this population.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Disease caused by <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> is associated with serious complications and a high fatality rate. Asymptomatic individuals can harbor the bacterium in the throat, a state known as "carriage," which can lead to person-to-person spread of the pathogen. This study examined <i>N. meningitidis</i> carriage from 2010 to 2013 among 2 groups in the Quebec City region: ninth-grade students (aged 13 to 15 years), who were also followed in their last year of high school (eleventh grade/college entry; 16 to 18 years), and university students (18 to 25 years); both groups have been shown in some other geographic regions to have high rates of carriage. This study demonstrated that <i>N. meningitidis</i> carriage rates were higher among university students in dormitories than ninth-grade and eleventh-grade/college entry students. Understanding carriage rates in these age groups leads to better strategies to control <i>N. meningitidis</i> by targeting vaccination to those responsible for transmission within the population.
Full-Duplex MIMO Communications (2017)

Thanks to the various state-of-the-art approaches for self-IC schemes, SI is no longer a critical bottleneck when implementing a practical FD system. In this chapter, we introduce FD MIMO communications, including some key techniques and some performance analysis. The FD MIMO advantages can be summarized as: efficient and flexible utilization of wireless communication resources; increasing the capacity of the communication networks; and guaranteeing reliable communication. These have all become crucial claims for the next generation of cellular networks. Full Duplex (FD) is a very promising technique that allows for efficient use of wireless communication resources, given that the self-interference level can be suppressed to an acceptable level.
VentanaTM power train features and performance (2013)

When present after cataract surgery, higher levels of residual refractive astigmatism were most associated with large differences in measured preoperative to postoperative keratometry. To a lesser degree, intraoperative aberrometry was associated with lower levels. [J Refract Surg. 2018;34(6):366-371.].
Supplemental data Figure 3 from Preclinical Characterization of SGN-70, a Humanized Antibody Directed against CD70 (2023)

Supplemental data Figure 3 from Preclinical Characterization of SGN-70, a Humanized Antibody Directed against CD70
Noise Performance of Orthogonal RF Beamforming for Millimetre Wave Massive MIMO Communication Systems (2018)

Millimeter wave (mmvave) bands offer enormous untapped spectrum for broadband radio communications. For high dimensional and sparse multiple input multiple output (MIMO) channels, analog beamforming (ABF) and digital multi-stream beamforming (DBF), collectively known as hybrid beamforming (HBF), enable low cost and low power-consumption radio architectures with near-optimal performance. It is easier and more efficient to learn such channels in beamspace than in spatial signal space. For radio frequency (RF) beam training, the Tx-Rx beam combination yielding maximum receiver output is selected. Noise can cause false beam selections manifesting in communication rate loss. In this paper, analytically derived closed-form expressions and simulation results for such noise performance evaluation have been presented.
Liquid Crystalline Human Recombinant Collagen: The Challenge and the Opportunity (2013)

Collagen is a key component of the extracellular matrix, and by far the most prominent constituent of all load-bearing tissues. Its abundance and self-assembly capacities render it a practical scaffold material for tissue repair and regeneration applications. However, some difficulties exist in artificially regenerating functional collagen structures to match native tissues and their respective performances. There are two major limitations of existing collagen-based scaffolds: The first one is poor mechanical performance, and the second one is the failure to closely mimic natural tissues as to provide the necessary topographic and mechanical cues required for cell propagation and differentiation. The complexity of inducing sufficient order and alignment stands at the base of the impediments to successful formation of artificial collagen scaffolds, which closely match native tissue strength and morphology. Recombinant human collagen produced in transgenic tobacco plants has the capacity of forming highly concentrated liquid crystalline dope that can be aligned by application of shear force. Leveraging shear alignment of liquid crystalline recombinant human collagen opens new possibilities toward obtaining scaffolds that may be able to provide the necessary mechanical support, while closely mimicking the molecular signals and mechanical cues displayed to natural cell milieu. Such scaffolds may prove advantageous in the development of improved medical devices in fields, such as ophthalmology, neurology, and orthopedics.
Ultrafast, low power, and highly stable all-optical switching in an all polarization maintaining fiber Sagnac interferometer (1990)

An ultrafast, low-power, and highly stable all-optical switch in a nonlinear Sagnac interferometer is reported. To achieve low-power, highly stable, and walkoff free switching, use is made of a small-core dispersion-shifted polarization-maintaining fiber loop (200 m in length) which has a small group delay difference between the wavelengths of the input signal and the control pulse. To achieve complete polarization stability, a wavelength-sensitive polarization-maintaining fiber coupler is employed. Highly stable and walkoff free all-optical switching is demonstrated at 5 Gb/s.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
THISL progress report - 1999sep (1999)

Progress report on the Thematic Indexing of Spoken Language (THISL) spoken document retrieval project.
Zr-Catalyzed Kinetic Resolution of Aliphatic Cyclic Allylic Ethers. Carbocycles to Heterocycles by Ru- and Mo-Catalyzed Ring-Opening and Ring-Closing Metathesis (1999)

The Zr-catalyzed kinetic resolution of aliphatic allylic ethers derived from five-, six-, seven-, and eight-membered ring allylic alcohols is reported. The level of resolution efficiency varies as a function of ring size and substitution pattern of the pendant alkene. The metal-catalyzed transformation of the above unsaturated ethers to dihydrofurans is also disclosed. Seven- and eight-membered ring substrates are readily converted to furans in the presence of 10 mol % Ru catalyst 16. In contrast, the less reactive cyclopentenol systems demand the more potent Mo-based metathesis catalyst 3. The selectivity and reactivity patterns in the Zr-catalyzed process and the Ru- or Mo-catalyzed reactions differ from the previously reported reactions of the related styrenyl ethers.
A novel method to determine specificity and sensitivity of the TUNEL reaction in the quantitation of apoptosis (2003)

Apoptosis is an important mode of cell death under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Numerous techniques are available for the study and quantitation of apoptosis in cell culture, but only few are useful when applied to complex tissues. Among these, the terminal transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay remains the most widely used technique. However, its specificity and sensitivity for the detection of apoptosis remain controversial. We developed a technique consisting of staining live cells and tissues with Hoechst 33342 and the vital dye propidium iodide (PI), followed by fixation and the TUNEL reaction. We demonstrate excellent retention of PI in necrotic cells after fixation. We also examined the distribution of TUNEL staining among necrotic and apoptotic cells in various models of cell injury in vitro and in vivo. We show that the sensitivity of the TUNEL varied between 61 and 90% in the models examined. The specificity exceeded 87% in all models but fell to 70% when a predominantly necrotic injury was induced. This novel and simple method will permit the determination of indices of sensitivity and specificity for the TUNEL assay in other tissues and experimental conditions.
Use of polylactide resorbable film as a barrier to postoperative peridural adhesion in an ovine dorsal laminectomy model (2004)

The results of this investigation support previous studies in which the use of a resorbable polylactide film was found to be effective in reducing posterior dural adhesions in the spine with no apparent safety issues related to impaired dural healing.
Enhanced Coil Expansion and Intrapolymer Complex Formation of Linear Poly(methacrylic acid) Containing Poly(ethylene glycol) Grafts (2004)

Poly(methacrylic acid) (PMA) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) represent a polyacid/polybase pair capable of forming reversible, pH-responsive, hydrophobic complexes stabilized by hydrogen bonding in aqueous media. Linear PMA was modified with methoxy-terminated, long-chain (5000 Mw) poly(ethylene glycol) (MPEG) via random coupling in dimethyl sulfoxide using dicyclohexylcarbodiimide as a coupling agent. The degree of ionization, α, was deteremined utilizing potentiometric titration. The presence of tethered MPEG markedly increased the pKa values over those of the PMA homopolymer or PMA/MPEG mixtures at α < 0.35. The dilute solution PMA−PEG intramolecular association was probed by monitoring the PEG nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spin−spin (T2) relaxation as a function of pH. Two populations of MPEG exist at appropriate ionizations: those participating in hydrogen bonding with the PMA backbone and those not participating in hydrogen bonding. Polymer self-diffusion at varying degrees of ionization was measured using pulsed gradient spin echo (PGSE) NMR and dynamic light scattering. Acidic conditions produced coil collapse, apparently arising from the formation of intramolecular hydrogen-bonded complexes along the polymer backbone. Under basic conditions, coil expansion was observed due to conformational changes (polyelectrolyte effect), and the added volume of the tethered MPEG as well as the reduction of intramolecular complexation as the number of carboxylate anions increased.
KTE-X19 anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy in adult relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia: ZUMA-3 phase 1 results (2021)

ZUMA-3 is a phase 1/2 study evaluating KTE-X19, an autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, in adult relapsed/refractory (R/R) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). We report the phase 1 results. After fludarabine-cyclophosphamide lymphodepletion, patients received a single infusion of KTE-X19 at 2 × 106, 1 × 106, or 0.5 × 106 cells per kg. The rate of dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) within 28 days after KTE-X19 infusion was the primary end point. KTE-X19 was manufactured for 54 enrolled patients and administered to 45 (median age, 46 years; range, 18-77 years). No DLTs occurred in the DLT-evaluable cohort. Grade ≥3 cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurologic events (NEs) occurred in 31% and 38% of patients, respectively. To optimize the risk-benefit ratio, revised adverse event (AE) management for CRS and NEs (earlier steroid use for NEs and tocilizumab only for CRS) was evaluated at 1 × 106 cells per kg KTE-X19. In the 9 patients treated under revised AE management, 33% had grade 3 CRS and 11% had grade 3 NEs, with no grade 4 or 5 NEs. The overall complete remission rate correlated with CAR T-cell expansion and was 83% in patients treated with 1 × 106 cells per kg and 69% in all patients. Minimal residual disease was undetectable in all responding patients. At a median follow-up of 22.1 months (range, 7.1-36.1 months), the median duration of remission was 17.6 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.8-17.6 months) in patients treated with 1 × 106 cells per kg and 14.5 months (95% CI, 5.8-18.1 months) in all patients. KTE-X19 treatment provided a high response rate and tolerable safety in adults with R/R B-ALL. Phase 2 is ongoing at 1 × 106 cells per kg with revised AE management. This trial is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02614066.
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester synergistically enhances docetaxel and paclitaxel cytotoxicity in prostate cancer cells (2013)

Evidence is growing for the beneficial role of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM) in prostate diseases. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a promising component of propolis that possesses SERM activity. This study aimed at investigating the modulatory impact of CAPE on docetaxel (DOC) and paclitaxel (PTX) cytotoxicity in prostate cancer cells and exploring the possible underlying mechanisms for this chemomodulation. CAPE significantly increased DOC and PTX potency in PC-3, DU-145 and LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Combination index calculations showed synergistic interaction of CAPE/DOC and CAPE/PTX cotreatments in all the tested cell lines. Subsequent mechanistic studies in PC-3 cells indicated that cyclin D1 and c-myc were significantly reduced in the combined treatment groups with concurrent increase in p27kip. DNA-ploidy analysis indicated a significant increase in the percentage of cells in pre-G1 in CAPE/DOC and CAPE/PTX cotreatments. Decreased Bcl-2/Bax ratio together with increased caspase-3 activity and protein abundance were observed in the same groups. Estrogen receptor-β (ER-β) and its downstream tumor suppressor forkhead box O1 levels were significantly elevated in CAPE and combination groups compared to DOC or PTX-alone. ER-α and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor protein abundance were reduced in the same groups. CAPE significantly reduced AKT, ERK and ER-α (Ser-167) phosphorylation in PC-3 cells. CAPE-induced inhibition of AKT phosphorylation was more prominent (1.7-folds higher) in cells expressing ER-α such as PC-3 compared to LNCaP. In conclusion, CAPE enhances the antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects of DOC and PTX in prostate cancer cells. This can be, at least partly, attributed to CAPE augmentation of DOC and PTX proapoptotic effects in addition to CAPE-induced alterations in ER-α and ER-β abundance.