gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Low-Complexity High-Performance Preprocessing Algorithm for Multiuser Detection Using Gold Sequences (2008)

The optimum multiuser detection problem can be formulated as a maximum likelihood problem, which yields a binary quadratic programming problem to be solved. Generally this problem is NP-hard and is therefore hard to solve in real time. In this paper, a preprocessing algorithm is presented which makes it possible to detect some or all users optimally for a low computational cost if signature sequences with low cross correlation, e.g., Gold sequences, are used. The algorithm can be interpreted as, e.g., an adaptive tradeoff between parallel interference cancellation and successive interference cancellation. Simulations show that the preprocessing algorithm is able to optimally compute more than 94,% of the bits in the problem when the users are time-synchronous, even though the system is heavily loaded and affected by noise. Any remaining bits, not computed by the preprocessing algorithm, can either be computed by a suboptimal detector or an optimal detector. Simulations of the time-synchronous case show that if a suboptimal detector is chosen, the bit error rate (BER) rate is significantly reduced compared with using the suboptimal detector alone.
In vivo and in vitro interaction of the novel selective histamine H1 receptor antagonist mizolastine with H1 receptors in the rodent. (1995)

The interaction of mizolastine (CAS 108612-45-9, SL 85.0324) with histamine H1 receptors has been evaluated in the rodent. Mizolastine inhibited with high affinity (IC50 = 47 nmol/l) the binding of [3H]pyrilamine to histamine H1 receptors in guinea pig cerebellar membranes and sections. The order of potency of mizolastine and various H1 antagonists in this binding assay was the following: cyproheptadine > pyrilamine > mequitazine > mizolastine > astemizole > terfenadine > cetirizine > loratadine. Mizolastine also potently antagonized the contractile effects of histamine in the guinea pig ileum (pA2 = 8.5) and histamine-induced stimulation of phosphoinositide turnover in rat cortical slices (IC50 = 0.35 mumol/l). In contrast, this compound displayed very low affinity for serotonergic, noradrenergic and muscarinic cholinergic receptors as evidenced in both binding assays and functional tests. In guinea pig cerebellar membranes, [3H]mizolastine labelled in a saturable and reversible manner a single population of binding sites with Kd and Bmax values of 1.1 nmol/l and 635 fmol/mg protein, respectively. [3H]Mizolastine binding in guinea pig cerebellar membranes was inhibited by histamine (IC50 = 30 mumol/l) and by drugs that possess affinity for the H1 receptor such as pyrilamine (IC50 = 1 nmol/1), DL-chlorphenyramine (IC50 = 6.4 nmol/l) terfenadine (IC50 = 6 nmol/l) and loratadine (IC50 = 50 nmol/l). At concentrations lower than 10 mumol/l, the H2 receptor ligands dimaprit and cimetidine and the H3 receptor ligands burimamide and 4-methyl-histamine failed to displace [3H]mizolastine binding.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Chemical Characterization of Thallium Cuprate Superconductors (2020)

Of more fundamental importance for the interpretation of the physical properties of the families is a knowledge of the total oxidation state of the superconductive layers. This determination requires chemical analysis of both the thallium and oxygen contents of the product compounds since the concentrations of both elements vary greatly with the method of preparation and the sample thermal history. The determination is complicated further by the possibility of charge transfer between the superconductive and nonsuperconductive layers. The apparent need to fulfill this condition implies that the narrow-band charge carriers responsible for superconductivity have a momentum vector k that is a good quantum number, which is a prerequisite for Cooper pair formation in the superconductive state. In this chapter, the authors present a wet-chemical analytical procedure for determination of the thallium and oxygen content of a sample.
DoF analysis of the K-user MISO broadcast channel with hybrid CSIT (2015)

We consider a K-user multiple-input single-output (MISO) broadcast channel (BC) where the channel state information (CSI) of user i(i = 1, 2, ..., K) may be either instantaneously perfect (P), delayed (D) or not known (N) at the transmitter with probabilities λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">P</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sup> , λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">D</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sup> and λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sup> , respectively. In this setting, according to the three possible CSIT for each user, knowledge of the joint CSIT of the K users could have at most 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">K</sup> states. Although the results by Tandon et al. show that for the symmetric two user MISO BC (i.e., λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sup> = λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</sub> , ∀ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sub> ∈ {1, 2}, Q ∈ {P, D, N}), the Degrees of Freedom (DoF) region depends only on the marginal probabilities, we show that this interesting result does not hold in general when K ≥ 3. In other words, the DoF region is a function of all the joint probabilities. In this paper, given the marginal probabilities of CSIT, we derive an outer bound for the DoF region of the K-user MISO BC. Subsequently, we investigate the achievability of the outer bound in some scenarios. Finally, we show the dependence of the DoF region on the joint probabilities.
Fiber Orientation Predictions—A Review of Existing Models (2020)

Fiber reinforced polymers are key materials across different industries. The manufacturing processes of those materials have typically strong impact on their final microstructure, which at the same time controls the mechanical performance of the part. A reliable virtual engineering design of fiber-reinforced polymers requires therefore considering the simulation of the process-induced microstructure. One relevant microstructure descriptor in fiber-reinforced polymers is the fiber orientation. This work focuses on the modeling of the fiber orientation phenomenon and presents a historical review of the different modelling approaches. In this context, the article describes different macroscopic fiber orientation models such as the Folgar-Tucker, nematic, reduced strain closure (RSC), retarding principal rate (RPR), anisotropic rotary diffusion (ARD), principal anisotropic rotary diffusion (pARD), and Moldflow rotary diffusion (MRD) model. We discuss briefly about closure approximations, which are a common mathematical element of those macroscopic fiber orientation models. In the last section, we introduce some micro-scale numerical methods for simulating the fiber orientation phenomenon, such as the discrete element method (DEM), the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method and the moving particle semi-implicit (MPS) method.
Dehydrodicaffeic acid dilactone, an inhibitor of catechol-O-methyl transferase. (1976)

In the screening of catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors, three compounds were isolated from the culture filtrate of a mushroom, Inonotus sp. One was 3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid (caffeic acid) which had been reported as an inhibitor of this enzyme. The others were the dextrorotatory 2,6-bis-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dioxabicyclo-[3,3,0]-octane 4,8-dione (dehydrodicaffeic acid dilactone) andits antipode. These new compounds inhibited both dopamine beta-hydroxylase and dopa decarboxylase and showed hypotensive activity in the SH rat.
High concentration Er-doped fiber for efficient L-band amplification with short length (1999)

High concentration (/spl sim/3500 ppm) Er-doped fiber has been developed to shorten the fiber length necessary for L-band amplification. It exhibits gain per unit length as high as 1.58 dB/m and no significant degradation of conversion efficiency.
Objective Measurement of Physician Stress in the Emergency Department Using a Wearable Sensor (2020)

Physician stress, and resultant consequences such as burnout, have become increasingly recognized pervasive problems, particularly within the specialty of Emergency Medicine. Stress is difficult to measure objectively, and research predominantly relies on self-reported measures. The present study aims to characterize digital biomarkers of stress as detected by a wearable sensor among Emergency Medicine physicians. Physiologic data was continuously collected using a wearable sensor during clinical work in the emergency department, and participants were asked to self-identify episodes of stress. Machine learning algorithms were used to classify self-reported episodes of stress. Comparing baseline sensor data to data in the 20-minute period preceding self-reported stress episodes demonstrated the highest prediction accuracy for stress. With further study, detection of stress via wearable sensors could be used to facilitate evidence-based stress research and just-in-time interventions for emergency physicians and other high-stress professionals.
Feature Selection with Annealing for Big Data Learning (2013)

Abstract—Many computer vision and medical imaging problems are faced with learning from large-scale datasets, with millions of observa-tions and features. In this paper we propose a novel efficient learning scheme which tightens a sparsity constraint by gradually removing variables based on a criterion and a schedule. The attractive fact that the problem size keeps dropping throughout the iterations makes it particu-larly suitable for big data learning. Our approach applies generically to the optimization of any differentiable loss function, and finds applications in regression, classification and ranking. The resultant algorithms build variable screening into estimation and are extremely simple to imple-ment. We provide theoretical guarantees of convergence and selection consistency. In addition, one dimensional piecewise linear response functions are used to account for nonlinearity and a second order prior is imposed on these functions to avoid overfitting. Experiments on real and synthetic data show that the proposed method compares very well with other state of the art methods in regression, classification and ranking while being computationally very efficient and scalable. Index Terms—feature selection, supervised learning, regression, clas-sification, ranking. 1
Abstract TMP111: Phenotypic Alterations of Brain Microvascular Endothelium in a Murine Model of Alzheimer Disease (2013)

Background: Alzheimer disease (AD) is characterized by progressive neuronal disorder that cause dementia, and is recognized as a major cause of death in the elderly population. Recent our in vitro findings suggest the possibilities that autophagy-associated endothelial dysfunction might be involved in the pathogenesis of AD. Methods: Electron microscopy (EM) and immunohistological analysis were performed on brain tissues of APP23, a mouse model of AD, and age-matched wild type mice. Results: The Morris water maze test showed cognitive disturbance in 8-month old APP23 mice but not in wild type mice. Notably, EM revealed that the densities of hippocampal capillary were significantly lower in APP23 mice as compared to those in wild type mice. The reduction in hippocampal microvessels was more apparent in 24-month old APP23 mice. Immunostaining with antibodies against ß-amyloid (Aß) and alpha-smooth-muscle-actin showed that Aß deposition was not limited to neural cells but to microvessels in hippocampus and cortex. Importantly, EM analysis revealed autophagy induction in hippocampal capillary endothelium in 8-month old APP23 mice. In addition, the number of microvessels with autophagic endothelium was significantly increased in 24-month-old APP23 mice. Furthermore, the advanced stages of autophagy fused with lysosome were detected in both neurovascular endothelium and neural cells. Conclusions: The present study indicate that phenotypic alteration of neurovascular endothelium might be the earlier pathological events in brain with AD, suggesting important implications for therapeutic approaches of AD.
Dynamical Phase Distorsion Sensing with Non-Linear Zernike Filter Based on FLC Light Valve (2002)

An optical wavefront sensor based on a non-linear Zernike filter is described. The sensor's key element is a light valve (optically addressed spatial light modulator), which is composed of ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) and semi-transparent photoconducting film of amorphous silicon carbide. The circularly polarized input light beam is focused onto the light valve by a Fourier lens in standard phase contrast filtering geometry. For the high intensity (zero order) spectral component the deviation of the FLC director by @ /4 (45°) results in a ~ /2 phase shift. This provides a wavefront phase distortion visualization similar to a conventional Zernike filter. The response time of the sensor is estimated on the order of 200 w s. The sensitivity of the sensor is on the level of units of nW. The fast FLC switchable quarter wave plate allows one to design a high contrast differential Zernike filter.
Structure and Assembly of Group B Streptococcus Pilus 2b Backbone Protein (2015)

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a major cause of invasive disease in infants. Like other Gram-positive bacteria, GBS uses a sortase C-catalyzed transpeptidation mechanism to generate cell surface pili from backbone and ancillary pilin precursor substrates. The three pilus types identified in GBS contain structural subunits that are highly immunogenic and are promising candidates for the development of a broadly-protective vaccine. Here we report the X-ray crystal structure of the backbone protein of pilus 2b (BP-2b) at 1.06Å resolution. The structure reveals a classical IgG-like fold typical of the pilin subunits of other Gram-positive bacteria. The crystallized portion of the protein (residues 185-468) encompasses domains D2 and D3 that together confer high stability to the protein due to the presence of an internal isopeptide bond within each domain. The D2+D3 region, lacking the N-terminal D1 domain, was as potent as the entire protein in conferring protection against GBS challenge in a well-established mouse model. By site-directed mutagenesis and complementation studies in GBS knock-out strains we identified the residues and motives essential for assembly of the BP-2b monomers into high-molecular weight complexes, thus providing new insights into pilus 2b polymerization.
Estimating People Flows to Better Count Them in Crowded Scenes (2019)

Modern methods for counting people in crowded scenes rely on deep networks to estimate people densities in individual images. As such, only very few take advantage of temporal consistency in video sequences, and those that do only impose weak smoothness constraints across consecutive frames. In this paper, we advocate estimating people flows across image locations between consecutive images and inferring the people densities from these flows instead of directly regressing. This enables us to impose much stronger constraints encoding the conservation of the number of people. As a result, it significantly boosts performance without requiring a more complex architecture. Furthermore, it also enables us to exploit the correlation between people flow and optical flow to further improve the results. We will demonstrate that we consistently outperform state-of-the-art methods on five benchmark datasets.
Cytokine receptor signaling is required for the survival of ALK− anaplastic large cell lymphoma, even in the presence of JAK1/STAT3 mutations (2017)

Activating Janus kinase (JAK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) mutations have been discovered in many T-cell malignancies, including anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)<sup>-</sup> anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs). However, such mutations occur in a minority of patients. To investigate the clinical application of targeting JAK for ALK- ALCL, we treated ALK- cell lines of various histological origins with JAK inhibitors. Interestingly, most exogenous cytokine-independent cell lines responded to JAK inhibition regardless of JAK mutation status. JAK inhibitor sensitivity correlated with the STAT3 phosphorylation status of tumor cells. Using retroviral shRNA knockdown, we have demonstrated that these JAK inhibitor-sensitive cells are dependent on both JAK1 and STAT3 for survival. JAK1 and STAT3 gain-of-function mutations were found in some, but not all, JAK inhibitor-sensitive cells. Moreover, the mutations alone cannot explain the JAK1/STAT3 dependency, given that wild-type JAK1 or STAT3 was sufficient to promote cell survival in the cells that had either JAK1or STAT3 mutations. To investigate whether other mechanisms were involved, we knocked down upstream receptors GP130 or IL-2Rγ. Knockdown of GP130 or IL-2Rγ induced cell death in selected JAK inhibitor-sensitive cells. High expression levels of cytokines, including IL-6, were demonstrated in cell lines as well as in primary ALK- ALCL tumors. Finally, ruxolitinib, a JAK1/2 inhibitor, was effective in vivo in a xenograft ALK- ALCL model. Our data suggest that cytokine receptor signaling is required for tumor cell survival in diverse forms of ALK- ALCL, even in the presence of JAK1/STAT3 mutations. Therefore, JAK inhibitor therapy might benefit patients with ALK- ALCL who are phosphorylated STAT3<sup/>.
Generation of high power ultrashort pulses in erbium oscillator power amplifier systems (2004)

With the development of environmentally stable carrier and Kerr-type modelocked erbium fiber lasers[1,2], compact and reliable femtosecond pulse sources become more and more of a reality. Current research therefore increasingly centers on applications of these devices. Particularly interesting is the use of ultrafast fiber oscillators as seeds for high-power amplifiers. The high saturation energy of erbium amplifiers potentially allows the generation of pulses with an energy content in excess of 1 μJ[3]. However, as soon as the amplified pulse power exceeds the soliton power higher-order soliton formation greatly reduces the pulse quality and increases the pulse width.
Experimental and Theoretical Analysis of Stateful Logic in Passive and Active Crossbar Arrays for Computation-in-Memory (2022)

As the cost of keeping Moore’s law alive is ever increasing, unconventional device and circuit concepts are being explored, both in industry and in academic research arena. Among the new devices being explored are two terminals redox-based memristive devices, which can function as both a nonvolatile memory and a computing element. For enabling Computation-in-Memory (CIM) concepts, these devices are generally integrated in a passive configuration or in an active configuration, where transistors are employed together with the memristive switches. However, the reliability and variability of the memristive devices might impact the performance of CIM circuits. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate the impact of device-to-device (D2D) and cycle-to-cycle (C2C) variability on a simple IMPLY logic gate realized in passive and active configurations. The experimental data is theoretically verified by a physics based Verilog-A model of the memristive devices. Our findings suggest that the success rate of the logic operation can be increased by exploiting the D2D variability in the memristive devices.
Communications-optimized task planning for maritime search and survey (2016)

In this study we consider the scheduling of an unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) performing search and survey of a target area (TA) based on the prediction of communications in maritime environmental conditions. While the UUV sweeps the TA, it gathers sonar data which is communicated back to the main ship via acoustic communications, and via radio frequency (RF) communications by surfacing at the end of a sweep when good communications are predicted. In this study we shown that by placing the most sweeps within the predicted good communication ranges, the information gain rate (IGR) can be maximized, therefore demonstrating the benefits of RF communications prediction capability while performing the survey mission.
ECR microwave plasma modified Ti0<inf>2</inf> ceramic for biomedical application (2008)

This study investigates the modification of TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ceramics by ECR microwave plasma treatment using Ar, O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , and Ar-O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> mixtures at different bias voltages. Wetting contact angle, optical, and microscopic measurements are performed to show the effects of UV irradiation with and without ion bombardment on the TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> surface properties. Results show the occurence of nano-titania particles on the surfaces even at high-temperature sintering prior to plasma treatment. This contributes significantly to the biological and photocatalytic properties of the material.
Integrating Constraint Management and Concurrency Control in Distributed Databases. (1994)

Fundamental knowledge about in vivo kinematics and contact conditions at the articulating interfaces of total knee replacements are essential for predicting and optimizing their behavior and durability. However, the prevailing motions and contact stresses in total knee replacements cannot be precisely determined using conventional in vivo measurement methods. In silico modeling, in turn, allows for a prediction of the loads, velocities, deformations, stress, and lubrication conditions across the scales during gait. Within the scope of this paper, we therefore combine musculoskeletal modeling with tribo-contact modeling. In the first step, we compute contact forces and sliding velocities by means of inverse dynamics approach and force-dependent kinematic solver based upon experimental gait data, revealing contact forces during healthy/physiological gait of young subjects. In a second step, the derived data are employed as input data for an elastohydrodynamic model based upon the finite element method full-system approach taking into account elastic deformation, the synovial fluid's hydrodynamics as well as mixed lubrication to predict and discuss the subject-specific pressure and lubrication conditions.
Quantification of Multifidus Atrophy and Fatty Infiltration Following a Minimally Invasive Microdiscectomy (2015)

Overall, the majority of the multifidus muscle appears to be radiographically preserved following an MIS lumbar discectomy.