gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nanoimprint system development for high-volume semiconductor manufacturing the and status of overlay performance (2017)

Imprint lithography has been shown to be a promising technique for replication of nano-scale features. Jet and Flash Imprint Lithography* (J-FIL*) involves the field-by-field deposition and exposure of a low viscosity resist deposited by jetting technology onto the substrate. The patterned mask is lowered into the fluid which then quickly flows into the relief patterns in the mask by capillary action. Following this filling step, the resist is crosslinked under UV radiation, and then the mask is removed, leaving a patterned resist on the substrate. There are many criteria that determine whether a particular technology is ready for wafer manufacturing. Included on the list are overlay, throughput and defectivity. The most demanding devices now require overlay of better than 4nm, 3 sigma. Throughput for an imprint tool is generally targeted at 80 wafers per hour. Defectivity and mask life play a significant role relative to meeting the cost of ownership (CoO) requirements in the production of semiconductor devices. The purpose of this paper is to report the status of throughput and defectivity work and to describe the progress made in addressing overlay for advanced devices. In order to address high order corrections, a high order distortion correction (HODC) system is introduced. The combination of applying magnification actuation to the mask, and temperature correction to the wafer is described in detail and examples are presented for the correction of K7, K11 and K17 distortions as well as distortions on actual device wafers.
Plasma electrolytic polishing of Nitinol parts (2021)

The data was obtained on two types of Nitinol samples. Namely on cold drawn Nitinol wires that are in martensite phase at room temperature and on cold rolled Nitinol plates that are in austenite phase at room temperature. The samples were plasma electrolytic polished (PeP) using the material-specific water-based salt solution as the electrolyte for a different amount of time. The main goal of this study was to determine whether and what kind of influence PeP has on the functionality of Nitinol parts. Thus, the change in chemical composition of Nitinol parts in as-received and polished conditions was analyzed using EDX and SEM technologies, the change in phase transformation temperature was determined by means of the DSC technique, the initial and final surface roughnesses were measured laser profiliometer. Finally, stress and strain characteristics were measured using universal testing machine. The full data analysis, the full methodology and data interpretation are presented in article "Plasma electrolytic polishing of Nitinol: Investigation of functional properties" (Navickaite et al (2021) Materials).
A modular memory and process verification vehicle for a sub-micron BiCMOS telecom technology (2002)

A verification vehicle was implemented in parallel with process development to accelerate memory and product introduction. 320 Kb of SRAM, DRAM, and ROM were integrated using architectural and circuit techniques supporting rapid analysis of manufacturability and characterization of memory-specific parasitics. It is shown that the BIST (built-in self-test) circuitry is well-suited to providing vital information on manufacturing defects and yield in minimal test time. The novel parasitic characterization circuitry permits measurements which serve to greatly improve the simulation accuracy of the final memory designs, allowing product deployment to take place less than one year after initial test chip access.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Robust desired compensation adaptive control of robot manipulators with guaranteed transient performance (2002)

A robust adaptive controller with guaranteed transient performance under a desired compensation adaptation law is developed for trajectory tracking control of robot manipulators in the presence of parametric uncertainties and external disturbances. With some modifications to the conventional adaptation law, a new control law is redesigned by combining the design methodologies of adaptive control and continuous sliding mode control. The suggested controller preserves the advantages of the true methods, namely, asymptotic stability of adaptive system for parametric uncertainties and globally uniformly ultimately bounded stability with guaranteed transient performance of sliding mode control for both parametric uncertainties and external disturbances. The control law is continuous, and the chattering problem of sliding mode control is avoided. Experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Enhancing the energy conversion efficiency of low mobility solar cells by a 3D device architecture (2019)

The short circuit current and energy conversion efficiency of solar cells based on semiconductor materials with low diffusion lengths like organics and amorphous silicon can be increased by a 3D device architecture.
Reaction Kinetics of GaN Metal-Organic Vapor-Phase Epitaxy Analyzed by Multi-Scale Profiles of Growth Rate (2009)

The growth mechanism and rate constants of GaN metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy (MOVPE) have been unclear in spite of the necessity for large-scale production of this material. In this work, the major precursor of GaN has been deduced and its surface reaction rate constant has been obtained through the analysis of multi-scale growth-rate profiles both in the reactor-scale and in the micrometer-scale profiles that were obtained by selective-area growth. Usually, it is difficult to explore surface reaction kinetics, especially for the MOVPE of GaN, because of mass-transfer-limited kinetics. This multi-scale analysis, however, has clarified that a single precursor, the gas-phase reaction product between (CH3)3Ga and NH3, leads to the growth of GaN with a surface reaction probability of approximately 0.4 at 1400 K which is a typical growth temperature. A lumped reaction model of GaN MOVPE was proposed that led to reasonable agreement between the simulated growth-rate profile in the reactor-scale and the corresponding measured profile.
Amblyopia masks the scale invariance of normal central vision (2009)

In normal vision, detecting a kink (a change in orientation) in a line is scale invariant: it depends solely on the length/width ratio of the line (D. Whitaker, D. M. Levi, & G. J. Kennedy, 2008). Here we measure detection of a change in the orientation of lines of different length and blur and show that strabismic amblyopia is qualitatively different from normal foveal vision, in that: 1) stimulus blur has little effect on performance in the amblyopic eye, and 2) integration of orientation information follows a different rule. In normal foveal vision, performance improves in proportion to the square root of the ratio of line length to blur (L:B). In strabismic amblyopia improvement is proportional to line length. Our results are consistent with a substantial degree of internal neural blur in first-order cortical filters. This internal blur results in a loss of scale invariance in the amblyopic visual system. Peripheral vision also shows much less effect of stimulus blur and a failure of scale invariance, similar to the central vision of strabismic amblyopes. Our results suggest that both peripheral vision and strabismic amblyopia share a common bottleneck in having a truncated range of spatial mechanisms--a range that becomes more restricted with increasing eccentricity and depth of amblyopia.
The SMART-I²: A new approach for the design of immersive audio-visual environments (2010)

International audience
Accelerating the dehydrogenation reaction of alcohols by introducing them into poly(allylamine) (2023)

This paper demonstrated accelerating the dehydrogenation reaction of alcohols by introducing them into poly(allylamine). Contrary to popular belief, the reaction rate was higher by one order of magnitude compared to that in single molecules.
Composition‐Defined Bimetallic Mo‐Pt Sub‐Nanosized Particles (2020)

This report describes the first example of the generation of composition‐defined bimetallic Mo‐Pt sub‐nanosized particles. UV/Vis titration experiments were carried out in order to control the mole ratio of Mo and Pt using a phenylazomethine dendrimer as a molecular template. After supporting the assemblies onto the carbon support, reductive calcination under an atmosphere of H 2 afforded the samples of sub‐nanosized particles supported on the carbon ( Mo 4 Pt 8 and Mo 4 Pt 24 ). The Mo‐Pt particles with sub nano‐size were confirmed by scanning transmission electron microscopy with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectrometry, and the size distribution ( Mo 4 Pt 8 : 0.9 ± 0.2 nm; Mo 4 Pt 24 : 1.0 ± 0.2 nm) and the Mo/Pt mole ratio ( Mo 4 Pt 8 : 1/1.8 ± 0.2, Mo 4 Pt 24 : 1/5.2 ± 0.4) were revealed, respectively. Moreover, it was suggested that the interactions between Mo and Pt lead increase of a thermal stability of the Mo‐Pt sub‐nanosized particles.
Corrosion sensors for concrete bridges (2003)

Corrosion of rebar in concrete bridges is a problem for the infrastructure and is difficult to detect. Engineers and scientists at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL) have developed a device that is designed to be buried in the concrete when the bridge deck is poured. The device, known as a wireless embeddable sensor platform/smart aggregate (WESP/SA), can provide data about conditions within the bridge deck. This data will assist highway maintenance engineers in determining corrosive actions.
Pc-Based Floating Point Imaging Workstation (1989)

The medical, military, scientific and industrial communities have come to rely on imaging and computer graphics for solutions to many types of problems. Systems based on imaging technology are used to acquire and process images, and analyze and extract data from images that would otherwise be of little use. Images can be transformed and enhanced to reveal detail and meaning that would go undetected without imaging techniques. The success of imaging has increased the demand for faster and less expensive imaging systems and as these systems become available, more and more applications are discovered and more demands are made. From the designer&apos;s perspective the challenge to meet these demands forces him to attack the problem of imaging from a different perspective. The computing demands of imaging algorithms must be balanced against the desire for affordability and flexibility. Systems must be flexible and easy to use, ready for current applications but at the same time anticipating new, unthought of uses. Here at the University of Washington Image Processing Systems Lab (IPSL) we are focusing our attention on imaging and graphics systems that implement imaging algorithms for use in an interactive environment. We have developed a PC-based imaging workstation with the goal to provide powerful and flexible, floating point processing capabilities, along with graphics functions in an affordable package suitable for diverse environments and many applications.
Scalable Production of Iron Oxide Nanowhiskers (2015)

We reported the scalable production of iron oxide nanowhiskers from 250 mL laboratory scale to 10 L reactor reaction. During the scale‐up process, the reaction time was found to be a critical parameter to adjust for the production of iron oxide nanowhiskers with similar quality to that of the laboratory scale. Based on transmission electron microscopy and magnetometry analysis, the size, size distribution, and magnetic properties of the large scale products were comparable to those produced on laboratory scale. Subsequently, these nanowhiskers were transferred from organic solvents to aqueous solution using a 38‐liter stainless steel tank. These water soluble nanowhiskers were well dispersed in water and the surface chemistry was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
A 56 mW Continuous-Time Quadrature Cascaded $\Sigma\Delta$ Modulator With 77 dB DR in a Near Zero-IF 20 MHz Band (2007)

A quadrature cascaded modulator with continuous-time loop filters is presented for a digital multi-stream FM radio receiver. The ADC achieves a dynamic range of 77 dB and 20 MHz bandwidth centered on an intermediate frequency of 10.5 MHz and is sampling at 340 MHz. The cascaded modulator comprises programmable analog second-order quadrature filters and a digital quadrature noise cancellation filter. The 0.5 chip in 90 nm CMOS consumes 56 mW from a 1.2 V supply.
Methane Activation by Nonthermal Plasma Generated Carbon Aerosols (2009)

Activation of methane is one of the most challenging problems in catalysis due to the refractory nature of methane. Of particular interest is catalytic dissociation of methane as an attractive CO2-free route to production of hydrogen from natural gas. Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of catalytic activity of plasma-generated carbon aerosols for methane decomposition reaction are reported in this work. Carbon aerosols were produced by nonthermal plasma assisted decomposition of a carbon precursor gas (methane or propane) at near-ambient conditions. Plasma-generated carbons exhibited significantly higher catalytic activity for methane decomposition than known carbon-based catalysts with a comparable surface area. The mechanism of methane activation as well as the interrelation between the nanostructure of the plasma-generated carbons and their catalytic activity are discussed. The high catalytic activity of plasma-generated carbons for methane decomposition is attributed to the increased surface concentration of high-energy sites formed during nonequilibrium plasma assisted dissociation of a carbon precursor.
Synthesis and Properties of Benzo[a]phenoxazinium Chalcogen Analogues as Novel Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Photosensitizers. (2006)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionSynthesis and Properties of Benzo[a]phenoxazinium Chalcogen Analogues as Novel Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Photosensitizers.James W. Foley, Xiangzhi Song, Tatiana N. Demidova, Fatima Jalil, and Michael R. HamblinCite this: J. Med. Chem. 2006, 49, 24, 7252Publication Date (Web):November 7, 2006Publication History Published online7 November 2006Published inissue 30 November 2006https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm0612261https://doi.org/10.1021/jm0612261correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2006 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views650Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (6 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Guest Editorial Emerging Technologies in Tactile Internet and Backhaul/Fronthaul Networks (2018)

The Mobile Internet connects billions of smart phones and laptops. With this global connectivity, the stage is set for the emergence of: (a) <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Tactile Internet</i> to deliver haptic experiences to remote users, and (b) flexible and integrated <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Backhaul/Fronthaul</i> networks to support demands of such applications.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium Catalyzed Oxidation of Tertiary Nitrogen Compounds with Molecular Oxygen: An Easy Access to N‐Oxides under Mild Conditions. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Unusual Regioselective Reactions of 2,4-Bis(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidine under Modified Suzuki and Stille Cross-Coupling Conditions (2011)

2,4-Bis(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidine undergoes unusual regioselective cross-coupling reactions with aryl boronic acids and organostannanes in the presence of copper(I) 3-methylsalicylate or copper(I) thiophene-2-carboxylate as a cofactor to give 2-aryl-4-(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidines as the major products. The structures of the products of the coupling reaction were established by X-ray crystallography.
Ozone enhances biodegradability of heavy hydrocarbons in soil (2016)

The molecular complexity and the low solubility of petroleum hydrocarbon residuals in weathered soil hinder bioremediation as a clean-up strategy. Pretreatment with advanced oxidation, such as with ozone gas (O 3 ), is a means to transform recalcitrant organics to more biodegradable forms. The efficacy of gas-phase ozone for enhancing the biodegradability of heavy residual petroleum hydrocarbons in weathered soil was tested. Ozonating soil containing ∼1% (w/w) residual petroleum hydrocarbons with a dose of 6 kg ozone/kg initial total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) achieved nearly 50% TPH reduction, simultaneous with a &gt;20-fold increase in soluble chemical oxygen demand, but with a ≤12% loss of total organic carbon. TPH molecules were converted to partly oxidised products, ten of which were identified as n-monocarboxylic acids, which were readily biodegraded, and ozonation resulted in a fourfold increase in 5-d biochemical oxygen demand (BOD 5 ). BOD 5 results after ozonation were the same with or without a microbial seed, which suggests that bioaugmentation is likely not necessary after ozonation. Deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing over the time course of the BOD 5 tests showed increased diversity and changes in predominant genera, both of which underscore that ozonation made the heavy hydrocarbons readily biodegradable for soil bacteria.
Studies of Optical Mixers for use with Silicon Photomultipliers to Ameliorate Signal Saturation (2012)

We have been studying ways in which the light from several optical fibers that transmit light from scintillating tiles can be mixed and combined a single Silicon Photo Multiplier (SiPM). The purpose for mixing is to prevent a single high intensity fiber from saturating an area of the SiPM and thus causing an inaccurate reading of the overall light collected. In particular this is for use in detectors such as CMS HCAL <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1, 2</sup> where light is transmitted from scintillating tiles in 940µm fibers to a single photo-detector. If one tile has a large optical signal it can saturate an area of the SiPM and produce a signal lower than would be expected, resulting in an in-accurate energy measurement. The results of the test and the test setup will be described.
Application of a Pneumococcal Serotype-specific Urinary Antigen Detection Test for Identification of Pediatric Pneumonia in Burkina Faso (2021)

UAD-1 and UAD-2 were able to distinguish community controls from children with pneumonia, particularly pneumonia with consolidation. Future studies are needed to confirm these results and more fully assess the contribution of pneumococcal carriage and concurrent viral infection.
Misconduct accounts for the majority of retracted scientific publications (2012)

A detailed review of all 2,047 biomedical and life-science research articles indexed by PubMed as retracted on May 3, 2012 revealed that only 21.3% of retractions were attributable to error. In contrast, 67.4% of retractions were attributable to misconduct, including fraud or suspected fraud (43.4%), duplicate publication (14.2%), and plagiarism (9.8%). Incomplete, uninformative or misleading retraction announcements have led to a previous underestimation of the role of fraud in the ongoing retraction epidemic. The percentage of scientific articles retracted because of fraud has increased ∼10-fold since 1975. Retractions exhibit distinctive temporal and geographic patterns that may reveal underlying causes.
Independent effects of peripheral nerve dysfunction on lower-extremity physical function in old age: the Women's Health and Aging Study. (2000)

PND is significantly associated with both lower-extremity impairments and functional limitations in older women, and PND appears to have independent effects on functional limitations. The independent effect of diabetes on these outcomes may be limited when PND is considered. Further research is needed to determine if PND is causally related to disability in old age.
Dual Activation of CD95/CXCR4 in HEK293T cells by Abscisic Acid- and Gibberellin-inducible dCas9s (Transient Transfection) (2016)

The use of dCas9-based transcriptional activators and repressors facilitates manipulation of endogenous gene expression. However, precise temporal control of their activities and independent control of discrete gene targets in the same cell remain di cult. Here, we describe a method for utilizing orthogonal and small-molecule inducible dCas9-based transcriptional regulators for independently activating expression of CD95 and CXCR4 in HEK293T cells via transient transfection. This protocol can be easily adapted for different gene targets by using alternative sgRNAs, providing a customizable platform for exible gene regulation.
Wireless control of modular multilevel converter autonomous submodules (2021)

The wireless control of modular multilevel converter (MMC) submodules might offer advantages for MMCs with a high number of submodules. However, the control system should tolerate the stochastic nature of the wireless communication, continue the operation flawlessly or, at least, avoid overcurrents, overvoltages, and component failures. The previously proposed control methods enabled to control the submodules wirelessly with consecutive communication errors up to hundreds of control cycles. The submodule control method in this paper facilitates the MMC to safely overcome communication errors that last longer and when the MMC experiences significant electrical disturbances during the errors. The submodules are proposed to operate autonomously by implementing a replica of the central controller in the submodules and drive the replicas based on the local variables and the previously received data. The simulation and experimental results verify the proposed control method.