gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a multimodal strategy to accelerate drug evaluations in early-stage metastatic prostate cancer. (2017)

187 Background: The paradigm of first testing systemic treatments in advanced disease followed by development in earlier disease states and finally large-scale trials evaluating whether the approach, in combination with local therapy, can prevent or delay the time-to-event measures of disease progression or death in patients with “high-risk” tumors is no longer practical now that 6 life-prolonging systemic therapies in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer are available. New strategies are needed to rapidly evaluate and prioritize regimens for large-scale phase 3 testing. Methods: We conducted a pilot study of twenty men with oligometastatic M1a (extrapelvic nodal disease) or M1b (bone disease) at diagnosis. All sites of disease were treated using a multimodal approach that included androgen deprivation (ADT), radical prostatectomy plus pelvic lymphadenectomy (retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy in the presence of clinically positive retroperitoneal nodes), and stereotactic body radiotherapy to osseous disease and/or the primary site. ADT was discontinued in responding patients. Outcomes of each treatment were assessed sequentially. The primary endpoint of “no evidence of disease” (NED) was defined by an undetectable PSA with noncastrate levels of testosterone at 20 months. Results: Each treatment modality contributed to the outcome: 95% of the cohort achieved an undetectable PSA with multimodal treatment, including 25% of patients after ADT alone and an additional 50% and 20% after surgery and radiotherapy, respectively. Overall, 20% of patients (95% confidence interval 3-38%) achieved the primary endpoint, which persisted for 5, 6, 27+, and 46+ months. All patients meeting the primary endpoint had been classified with M1b disease at presentation. Conclusions: Treatment directed at all sites can eliminate detectable disease in selected patients with metastatic prostate cancer. A multimodal treatment strategy inclusive of the NED endpoint for patients who present with disease that is beyond the limits of curability by any single modality should be considered to enable the evaluation of new approaches in order to prioritize large-scale testing in early stages of advanced disease.
β-Arrestin-dependent, G Protein-independent ERK1/2 Activation by the β2 Adrenergic Receptor (2005)

Physiological effects of beta adrenergic receptor (beta2AR) stimulation have been classically shown to result from G(s)-dependent adenylyl cyclase activation. Here we demonstrate a novel signaling mechanism wherein beta-arrestins mediate beta2AR signaling to extracellular-signal regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK 1/2) independent of G protein activation. Activation of ERK1/2 by the beta2AR expressed in HEK-293 cells was resolved into two components dependent, respectively, on G(s)-G(i)/protein kinase A (PKA) or beta-arrestins. G protein-dependent activity was rapid, peaking within 2-5 min, was quite transient, was blocked by pertussis toxin (G(i) inhibitor) and H-89 (PKA inhibitor), and was insensitive to depletion of endogenous beta-arrestins by siRNA. beta-Arrestin-dependent activation was slower in onset (peak 5-10 min), less robust, but more sustained and showed little decrement over 30 min. It was insensitive to pertussis toxin and H-89 and sensitive to depletion of either beta-arrestin1 or -2 by small interfering RNA. In G(s) knock-out mouse embryonic fibroblasts, wild-type beta2AR recruited beta-arrestin2-green fluorescent protein and activated pertussis toxin-insensitive ERK1/2. Furthermore, a novel beta2AR mutant (beta2AR(T68F,Y132G,Y219A) or beta2AR(TYY)), rationally designed based on Evolutionary Trace analysis, was incapable of G protein activation but could recruit beta-arrestins, undergo beta-arrestin-dependent internalization, and activate beta-arrestin-dependent ERK. Interestingly, overexpression of GRK5 or -6 increased mutant receptor phosphorylation and beta-arrestin recruitment, led to the formation of stable receptor-beta-arrestin complexes on endosomes, and increased agonist-stimulated phospho-ERK1/2. In contrast, GRK2, membrane translocation of which requires Gbetagamma release upon G protein activation, was ineffective unless it was constitutively targeted to the plasma membrane by a prenylation signal (CAAX). These findings demonstrate that the beta2AR can signal to ERK via a GRK5/6-beta-arrestin-dependent pathway, which is independent of G protein coupling.
Low resistance wavelength-reproducible p-type (Al,Ga)As distributed Bragg reflectors grown by molecular beam epitaxy (1993)

We report the reproducible molecular beam epitaxial growth of Be-doped piecewise linearly graded (Al,Ga)As distributed Bragg reflectors that have vertical series resistivities near bulk values. For mirrors with three linear segments per interface, the center wavelength reproducibility is 0.1% and the series resistivity is as low as 1.8×10−5 Ω cm2 for hole concentrations of 5×1018 cm−3. Measured reflectivities of 6.0% per interface are comparable to conventional single-linear-grade mirrors. Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers incorporating these mirrors exhibit record-low voltage thresholds of less than 1.5 V.
Improved Prediction of Relapse of Graves' Thyrotoxicosis by Combined Determination of TSH Receptor and Thyroperoxidase Antibodies (2007)

Our follow-up analysis indicates that the prediction of relapse of GD can be improved by a combined measurement of TRAb and TPO-Ab. In patients with moderately increased Abs, determined about 6 months after initial diagnosis, an ablative therapy can be approached without delay.
Templated Formation of Luminescent Virus-like Particles by Tailor-Made Pt(II) Amphiphiles (2018)

Virus-like particles (VLPs) have been created from luminescent Pt(II) complex amphiphiles, able to form supramolecular structures in water solutions, that can be encapsulated or act as templates of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsid proteins. By virtue of a bottom-up molecular design, icosahedral and nonicosahedral (rod-like) VLPs have been constructed through diverse pathways, and a relationship between the molecular structure of the complexes and the shape and size of the VLPs has been observed. A deep insight into the mechanism for the templated formation of the differently shaped VLPs was achieved, by electron microscopy measurements (TEM and STEM) and bulk analysis (FPLC, DLS, photophysical investigations). Interestingly, the obtained VLPs can be visualized by their intense emission at room temperature, generated by the self-assembly of the Pt(II) complexes. The encapsulation of the luminescent species is further verified by their higher emission quantum yields inside the VLPs, which is due to the confinement effect of the protein cage. These hybrid materials demonstrate the potential of tailor-made supramolecular systems able to control the assembly of biological building blocks.
Hardware IP Protection During Evaluation Using Embedded Sequential Trojan (2011)

The authors propose a low-cost solution for hardware IP protection during evaluation, by embedding a hardware Trojan inside an IP in the form of a finite state machine. The Trojan disrupts the normal functional behavior of the IP on occurrence of a sequence of rare events, thereby effectively putting an expiry date on the usage of the IP.
Supplementary Tables 1-2 from Detection of Tumor DNA at the Margins of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis (2023)

Supplementary Tables 1-2 from Detection of Tumor DNA at the Margins of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis
Notice of Removal: Intravascular shear wave propagation using acoustic radiation force generation from a 4.6 Fr transducer element (2017)

Removed.
In Vivo Replication and Pathogenesis of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Recombinant M40 Containing Ebola Virus L-Domain Sequences (2012)

The M40 VSV recombinant was engineered to contain overlapping PTAP and PPxY L-domain motifs and flanking residues from the VP40 protein of Ebola virus. Replication of M40 in cell culture is virtually indistinguishable from that of control viruses. However, the presence of the Ebola PTAP motif in the M40 recombinant enabled this virus to interact with and recruit host Tsg101, which was packaged into M40 virions. In this brief report, we compared replication and the pathogenic profiles of M40 and the parental virus M51R in mice to determine whether the presence of the Ebola L-domains and flanking residues altered in vivo characteristics of the virus. Overall, the in vivo characteristics of M40 were similar to those of the parental M51R virus, indicating that the Ebola sequences did not alter pathogenesis of VSV in this small animal model of infection.
A short and general synthesis of 1,3‐dihydro‐6‐heteroaryl‐5‐perfluoroalkyl‐2H‐imidazo[4,5‐b]pyridin‐2‐ones (1993)

Abstract Trifluoro or pentafluoroacylation of heteroaryl‐enamines 2a,b gave the corresponding perfluoroacylated heteroaryl‐enamines 3a‐c . Heating the latter compounds with diethyl iminomalonate gave 2‐amino‐3‐pyridinecarboxylates 4a‐c . Hydrolysis to the free acids 5a‐c , and reaction with diphenylphosphoryl azide afforded the desired 1,3‐dihydro‐6‐heteroaryl‐5‐perfluoroalkyl‐2 H ‐imidazo[4,5‐ b ]pyridin‐2‐ones 6a‐c .
ChemInform Abstract: New Anthracycline Antibiotics 10‐epi‐Oxaunomycin and 10‐epi‐11‐ Deoxyoxaunomycin. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The cell cycle, signal transduction, and immunophilin-ligand complexes (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe cell cycle, signal transduction, and immunophilin-ligand complexesStuart L. Schreiber, Mark W. Albers, and Eric J. BrownCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1993, 26, 8, 412–420Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar00032a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ar00032a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views239Altmetric-Citations66LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fermat"s principle and conservation of 2D etendue (2004)

Application of the Stokes theorem to the conservation of the 2D etendue of a one-parameter bundle of rays leads to the Lagrange's integral invariant, one consequence of which establishes that the integral &sh;p&#8729;dx between any two points is independent of the path of integration (p is the ray vector field and x is the vector position), and more generally, the integral &sh;p&#8729;dx between two wavefronts is independent of the path of integration. This integral is called the optical path length. This is another way to see Fermat's principle. The conservation of 2D etendue is a property of any Hamiltonian system. Using the Hamiltonian formulation, there is no difference between the configuration variables x and their conjugates p. Thus an integral invariant &sh;x&#8729;dp can also be established similar to the Lagrange invariant. We show how its application to simple cases leads to Cartesian-oval designs through an unconventional method. The 2D etendue conservation is connected with Levi-Civita's anormalita function and with the ray equation. In this connection we found that the equation p×(&nabla;×p)=0 suffices for a vector field to be a ray vector field.
A 2-D Artificial Dielectric With <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">${0 \leq n &lt; 1}$</tex></formula> for the Terahertz Region (2010)

We demonstrate a 2-D artificial dielectric medium suitable for the terahertz region by exploiting the characteristic frequency dependence in the phase velocity of the lowest order transverse-electric (TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> ) mode of the parallel-plate waveguide (PPWG). This artificial medium exhibits a plasma-like behavior having a frequency-dependent refractive index that varies between zero and unity. Using this medium, we demonstrate the optical phenomena of total internal reflection and Brewster's effect, and also demonstrate a convergent PPWG-lens.
Computation on Stochastic Bit Streams Digital Image Processing Case Studies (2013)

Maintaining the reliability of integrated circuits as transistor sizes continue to shrink to nanoscale dimensions is a significant looming challenge for the industry. Computation on stochastic bit streams, which could replace conventional deterministic computation based on a binary radix, allows similar computation to be performed more reliably and often with less hardware area. Prior work discussed a variety of specific stochastic computational elements (SCEs) for applications such as artificial neural networks and control systems. Recently, very promising new SCEs have been developed based on finite-state machines (FSMs). In this paper, we introduce new SCEs based on FSMs for the task of digital image processing. We present five digital image processing algorithms as case studies of practical applications of the technique. We compare the error tolerance, hardware area, and latency of stochastic implementations to those of conventional deterministic implementations using binary radix encoding. We also provide a rigorous analysis of a particular function, namely the stochastic linear gain function, which had only been validated experimentally in prior work.
Label‐free multiphoton excitation imaging as a promising diagnostic tool for breast cancer (2022)

Histopathological diagnosis is the ultimate method of attaining the final diagnosis; however, the observation range is limited to the two-dimensional plane, and it requires thin slicing of the tissue, which limits diagnostic information. To seek solutions for these problems, we proposed a novel imaging-based histopathological examination. We used the multiphoton excitation microscopy (MPM) technique to establish a method for visualizing unfixed/unstained human breast tissues. Under near-infrared ray excitation, fresh human breast tissues emitted fluorescent signals with three major peaks, which enabled visualizing the breast tissue morphology without any fixation or dye staining. Our study using human breast tissue samples from 32 patients indicated that experienced pathologists can estimate normal or cancerous lesions using only these MPM images with a kappa coefficient of 1.0. Moreover, we developed an image classification algorithm with artificial intelligence that enabled us to automatically define cancer cells in small areas with a high sensitivity of ≥0.942. Taken together, label-free MPM imaging is a promising method for the real-time automatic diagnosis of breast cancer.
Reactivity of carboxylic acid and ester groups in the functionalized interfacial region of "polyethylene carboxylic acid" (PE-CO2H) its derivatives: differentiation of the functional groups into shallow and deep subsets based on a comparison of contact angle and ATR-IR measurements (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactivity of carboxylic acid and ester groups in the functionalized interfacial region of "polyethylene carboxylic acid" (PE-CO2H) its derivatives: differentiation of the functional groups into shallow and deep subsets based on a comparison of contact angle and ATR-IR measurementsStephen Randall Holmes-Farley and George M. WhitesidesCite this: Langmuir 1987, 3, 1, 62–76Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00073a012https://doi.org/10.1021/la00073a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views681Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Supramolecular Chemistry at the Liquid/Solid Interface a Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Approach (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Widely tunable band filling in a molecular metal. Chemical and physical consequences of electrochemically doping a cofacially joined metallomacrocyclic assembly (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTWidely tunable band filling in a molecular metal. Chemical and physical consequences of electrochemically doping a cofacially joined metallomacrocyclic assemblyJohn G. Gaudiello, Manuel Almeida, Tobin J. Marks, William J. McCarthy, John C. Butler, and Carl R. KannewurfCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1986, 90, 21, 4917–4920Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100412a008https://doi.org/10.1021/j100412a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views35Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
FINDING OPTIMUM WAVEFRONT OF PARALLEL COMPUTATION∗ (1994)

Data parallelism, in which the same operation is performed on many elements of an n-dimensional array, is one of the most powerful methods of extracting parallelism in scientific computation. One form of data parallelism involves defining a sequence of parallel wavefronts of a computation. Each wavefront consists of an (n - l)-dimcnsional subarray of the evaluated array and all wavefront elements are evaluated simultaneously. Different wavefronts result in different performance, so the question arises how to determine the wavefronts that result in the minimum computation time. Wavefront determination should define also allocation of wavefront elements to processors. In this paper we present efficient algorithms for determining the optimum wavefront and for partitioning it into sections assigned to individual processors. Presented algorithms are applicable to computations that are defined over two or higher dimensional arrays and are executed on distributed memory machines interconnected into a one or two-dimensional processor array.
1.3 Tbit·km/s Transmission Through Non-dispersion Shifted Fiber by Direct Modulation of a Monolithic Modulator/Laser (1992)

For very long haul (&gt;500 km) transmission at 1.55μm, monolithic integration of modulators with single frequency lasers [1-3] represents an attractive alternative to LiNbO3 external modulators. We report experiments using a bulk electroabsorption modulator integrated with a distributed-Bragg-reflector (DBR) laser to transmit 2.5 Gbit/s over 524 km. This result more than doubles the previous record bit rate-distance product for integrated modulators (0.5 Tbit-km/s with 5 Gbit/s through 100 km[1]) and is almost four times farther than the previous longest distance for integrated modulators (135 km at 2.4 Gbit/s[1]).
Oncolytic Viruses: Cytolytic agents, Replicating Immunotherapeutics Or both? (2018)

Mounting evidence suggests that OV-mediated oncolysis, although an important first step, must be complemented by stimulation of a host antitumor immune response in order to maximize therapeutic benefit.
Chemie von Aerosolen (2007)

Abstract Atmosphärische Aerosolpartikel sind keine chemisch inerten Teilchen, deren Bildungsmechanismen, Verweildauer oder Funktion in der Atmosphäre lediglich von mechanischen oder physikalischen Prozessen abhängen. Sowohl bei der Bildung von Aerosolpartikeln als auch im Verlauf ihres Verbleibs in der Atmosphäre spielen chemische Reaktionen eine wesentliche Rolle. Chemische Reaktionen laufen an der Oberfläche und im Inneren von Aerosolpartikeln ab und können sowohl die atmosphärische Gasphasenchemie beeinflussen, z.B. indem sie sowohl als Reaktionsmedium für ansonsten langsam verlaufende Gasphasenreaktionen dienen, als auch die Eigenschaften der Partikel, beispielsweise ihre Funktion als Kondensationskerne bei der Wolkenbildung.