gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition and Interaction between Iron Sulphide, Zinc Sulphide and Lead Sulphide (2019)

Abstract Iron sulphide (FeS), zinc sulphide (ZnS) and lead sulphide (PbS) scales have been observed in many sour oil and gas wells. Sulphide scales often form alongside other scales such as calcium carbonate and barium sulphate and such scales can be removed using chemicals like hydrochloric acid (HCl) and chelating agents. However, there are several drawbacks associated with the removal of sulphide scales, for example, HCl acid, which outperforms other dissolvers has a high corrosion rate and generates hydrogen sulphide (H2S) gas as a byproduct. Other dissolvers, including chelating agents, have very low dissolution rates. Therefore, FeS inhibition is much preferred to its removal, if this can be achieved efficiently and economically. The objective of this paper is to investigate the inhibition efficiency of inhibitors/dispersants for preventing FeS, ZnS and PbS scales. Different scale inhibitor chemistries have been examined over a wide range of parameters, including temperature, salinity, pH and concentrations of Fe, Zn, Pb and sulphide. Static formation and inhibition experiments were conducted and the progress of the reaction was monitored by ion tracking using inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis and pH monitoring. Also, filter-blocking inhibition tests were carried out to examine the impact of scale inhibitor concentration on the scaling time. Polymeric scale inhibitors showed a high inhibition efficiency for ZnS while no inhibition was observed for phosophonate based scale inhibitors. Unlike ZnS, none of the tested scale inhibitors inhibited FeS. High molecular weight scale inhibitors performed well even at high temperature and salinity and maintained the particles suspended in solution for several days. However, high scale inhibitor concentrations were required to prevent the deposition of FeS, particularly when the iron concentration was raised to 100 ppm and above. In SI-1 solutions, it was easier to inhibit PbS and ZnS when they formed concurrently rather than forming PbS followed by ZnS. These results are in line with the difference in the MIC (Minimum Inhibitor Concentration) observed in SI-2 solutions. Based on these results, the tested polymeric scale inhibitors managed to inhibit ZnS and PbS but failed against FeS under the same conditions despite the fact that the solubility of ZnS and PbS is less than FeS. It was also found that, cation displacement and the sequence of the scale formation had a significant impact on the inhibition efficiency. The size of scale particles was dependent on the type of scale inhibitor and concentration and this was reflected in the scaling time in the dynamic inhibition tests.
Tunable ultrashort laser pulses generated through filamentation in gases (2007)

Tunable and stable ultrashort laser pulses in the visible spectrum are generated with high efficiency by four-wave mixing process during the filamentation of near-infrared and infrared laser pulses in gases.
RENAL MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN DOGS WITH SYSTEMIC VENOUS DRAINAGE OF THE PANCREAS (1994)

TAMSMA, JOUKE T.; GUICHERIT, ONNO R.; LEMKES, HERMAN H.P.J.; VAN DER WOUDE, FOKKO J.; FRÖLICH, MARIJKE; BRUIJN, JAN A.; GOOSZEN, HEIN G. Author Information
65.4: Invited Paper : Key Human Visual System Components as Applied to Display Algorithms (2008)

Abstract In most display applications, the final step is the viewing by human observers, so it is only logical to use current quantitative knowledge of the visual system in the design of imaging and display algorithms. This talk will cover key human visual system attributes, their modeling as separate components, and how they have been used in our labs to design new display algorithms and fine‐tune existing approaches. Some of the resulting algorithms described will include: motion‐adaptive backlight flashing, skin‐cognizant color mapping, two‐spatial channel architecture for color mapping and decontouring, bit‐depth extension, subpixel subsampling, and wavelet compression. The talk will also cover the new challenges that arise in very large (&gt;100″) and bright (&gt;500 cd/m∧2) displays, in terms of peripheral sensitivity and improved smooth pursuit eye movement capability.
Anxiety Disorders in Patients with Idiopathic Priapism: Risk Factor and Pathophysiologic Link? (2009)

ABSTRACT Introduction A scientific explanation remains elusive for many presentations of recurrent ischemic priapism. Aim The aim of this article was to evaluate the possible clinical association between idiopathic priapism and anxiety disorders. Methods Twenty-one patients without identifiable, presumed etiologies for their priapism disorders presented consecutively to a single practitioner’s clinical practice and underwent clinical history evaluation and management over a 2½-year interval. Main Outcome Measures The main outcome is the documentation of patient demographics and clinical profiles relating to medical history and priapism presentations. Results Anxiety disorders including generalized anxiety, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder were self-reported in 10 patients. Conclusions The possible association between idiopathic priapism and anxiety disorders lends support for a central neurobiologic pathophysiology for the erectile disorder. Further neuropsychiatric studies of this clinical population is required to confirm the hypothesis.
Nano-engineering the material structure of preferentially oriented nano-graphitic carbon for making high-performance electrochemical micro-sensors (2020)

Direct synthesis of thin-film carbon nanomaterials on oxide-coated silicon substrates provides a viable pathway for building a dense array of miniaturized (micron-scale) electrochemical sensors with high performance. However, material synthesis generally involves many parameters, making material engineering based on trial and error highly inefficient. Here, we report a two-pronged strategy for producing engineered thin-film carbon nanomaterials that have a nano-graphitic structure. First, we introduce a variant of the metal-induced graphitization technique that generates micron-scale islands of nano-graphitic carbon materials directly on oxide-coated silicon substrates. A novel feature of our material synthesis is that, through substrate engineering, the orientation of graphitic planes within the film aligns preferentially with the silicon substrate. This feature allows us to use the Raman spectroscopy for quantifying structural properties of the sensor surface, where the electrochemical processes occur. Second, we find phenomenological models for predicting the amplitudes of the redox current and the sensor capacitance from the material structure, quantified by Raman. Our results indicate that the key to achieving high-performance micro-sensors from nano-graphitic carbon is to increase both the density of point defects and the size of the graphitic crystallites. Our study offers a viable strategy for building planar electrochemical micro-sensors with high-performance.
Quantification of Elastin Residual Stretch in Fresh Artery Tissue: Impact on Artery Material Properties and Pulmonary Hypertension Pathophysiology (2009)

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized as a chronic elevation in mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) resulting from increased hydrodynamic resistance and decreased hydraulic capacitance of the pulmonary circulatory system. These hemodynamic changes cause the heart to operate outside optimum pump efficiency. The heart compensates for the efficiency loss through ventricular hypertrophy which, if left untreated, will continue until cardiac failure results.
[A serological survey of Legionnaires' disease in domestic fowls and animals in Chengdu area]. (1989)

A serological survey of antibodies against Legionella pneumophila (Lp) serotypes in Chengdu area by microagglutination test showed that there were high levels of antibodies against serotypes Lp1 and Lp6 in healthy domestic fowls and animals (rabbits, pigs, chickens, ducks and geese). In rabbits, antibodies against serotypes Lp1-Lp6 were determined, showing positive rates (titer greater than or equal to 1:16) ranging 6.3-23.8%. Among them only the serotype Lp3 did not show any positive one. The highest positive rate was observed in pigs' anti-Lp6 (89.8%), significantly higher than those reported in America, Denmark and Nanjing, China. The results suggested that recessive infections of Legionnaires' Disease Bacterium might occur in domestic fowls and animals. So the epidemiological surveillance of Legionnaires' disease in animals, as well as in environment (water and soil) is of importance for the prevention in man.
Thermodynamic and kinetic data for macrocycle interactions with cations and anions (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermodynamic and kinetic data for macrocycle interactions with cations and anionsReed M. Izatt, Krystyna. Pawlak, Jerald S. Bradshaw, and Ronald L. BrueningCite this: Chem. Rev. 1991, 91, 8, 1721–2085Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr00008a003https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00008a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views6054Altmetric-Citations1641LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Persistent Hole Burning and Holography in Anthraquinone Derivatives (1994)

We have reported persistent spectral hole burning (PHB) in anthraquinone derivatives. 1-3) Hole burning spectroscopy desires high resolution to detect narrow and shallow holes. Laser induced grating (Holography) technique is very effective for the investigation of a shallow hole, because it enables to detect a small signal without a large background. 4-6) In addition, we can achieve many holographic applications: 3D image storage and reconstruction, holographic memory, holographic computing, etc. However, we should note that hole signal represents a diffraction efficiency in holographic detection, not the absorption spectrum. Consequently, material characteristics, hole width, depth, area, Debye-Waller factor, etc., are not directly obtainable using holographic detection.
Automatic Implantable Cardioverter-defibrillators (1999)

Ventricular fibrillation, a loss of synchronous electrical activity in the heart which leads to hemodynamic collapse, is a leading cause of death. Because of the devastating personal and societal effects of this phenomenon, the automatic cardioverter-defibrillator has been developed for automatic detection and termination of the arrhythmia and is in widespread clinical use. Advances in circuits, leads, waveforms, and signal processing along with increased knowledge of the mechanisms of fibrillation have led to continuing improvements in this device, extending its use to many patients. A device has also been developed for the automatic or semiautomatic treatment of atrial fibrillation, an arrhythmia less life-threatening than ventricular fibrillation, but still a serious health problem. Continued improvement of these devices and the development of qualitatively new approaches hold great promise for exciting therapeutic advances in this area.
Abstract W MP118: In Situ B-cell Clonal Expansion and Recombinant Antibody Construction in Human Cerebral Cavernous Malformation (2014)

Background: We had demonstrated immunocompetent cell infiltration and oligoclonal immune response in human cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) lesions. However, T- and B- cell crosstalk, relationship between antibody and complement, and IgG repertoire in CCMs remain unknown. We hypothesize the synergetic role of T and B cells, antibody- and complement- mediated cytotoxicity, antigen-driven B cell clonal expansion, contributing to the CCM pathogenesis. Methods: This study enrolled a total of 10 patients with CCMs. B- and T- cells were immunostained in two excised human CCM lesion specimens. IgG and complement protein membrane attack complex (MAC) was co-localized in six other CCM lesions by immunofluorescence. Plasma cells in two CCM lesions were laser-microdissected, in which IgG heavy (H) and light (L) chain variable (V) region were amplified via nested PCR, cloned, sequenced, and aligned to a database IMGT®. The over-expressed IgGHV and IgGLV were used to construct the recombinant antibodies (r-abs). Results: In CCM lesions, T- and B- cells were clustered and co-localized, and plasma cells were clustered. IgG and MAC was co-localized in CCMs. IgG repertoire showed in situ B cell clonal expansion and ongoing somatic mutation. Four r-abs were constructed from clonally expanded plasma cells in CCM lesions. Conclusions: we showed the role of immunity in CCM pathogenesis via T- and B- cell crosstalk, antibody- and complement- mediated cytotoxicity, and clonal expansion. We gave the first demonstration that oligoclonal response is antigen-driven. The first synthesized r-abs will be used to identify disease relevant antigens. This would clarify the relationship of immune response to CCM lesion development, and may open novel therapeutic venues in CCMs.
(Alkenyl)(amino)carbene Complexes: Potential Starting Materials for the Synthesis of Cyclopropylacetic Acid Derivatives (2001)

The (δ-hydroxyalkenyl)(pyrrolidino)carbene complexes, prepared by means of aldol additions of the (propenyl)(pyrrolidino)carbene complex to p-nitrobenzaldehyde and 4-pyridinecarbaldehyde, have been treated with methyl N-(triethylammoniosulfonyl)carbamate inner salt (Burgess reagent) to afford the corresponding adducts in almost quantitative yields. Treatment of these adducts with NaOH in methanol gave the corresponding conjugated polyunsaturated (amino)carbene complexes in fair yields. Alternatively, heating the adducts to 55−60 °C led to the isolation of cyclopropylacetic acid derivatives as the main reaction products, in yields of 20−40% depending on the polarity of the solvent. The adduct of the aldol addition product of the (propenyl)(pyrrolidino)carbene complex and p-O2NC6H4−CH=CH−CHO with the Burgess reagent could not be isolated, but directly afforded the cyclopropane derivative as well as the polyunsaturated (amino)carbene complex. We present herein a brief discussion of the key steps of the mechanism of this cyclopropane ring formation.
Immunogenicity of pulsatile-release PLGA microspheres for single-injection vaccination (2017)

The World Health Organization's Expanded Programme on Immunization has led to a dramatic rise in worldwide vaccination rates over the past 40years, yet 19.4 million infants remain underimmunized each year. Many of these infants have received at least one vaccine dose but may remain unprotected because they did not receive subsequent booster doses due to logistical challenges. This study aimed to develop injectable controlled release microparticles with kinetics that mimic common vaccine dosing regimens consisting of large antigen doses administered periodically over the course of months in order to eliminate the need for boosters. Sixteen poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microsphere formulations containing bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model vaccine antigen were screened in vitro to determine their respective release kinetics. Three formulations that exhibited desirable pulsatile release profiles were then selected for studying immunogenicity in mice. Two low-dose microsphere formulations induced peak anti-BSA IgG antibody titers of 13.9±1.3 and 13.7±2.2 log<sub>2</sub> compared to 15.5±1.5 log<sub>2</sub> for a series of three bolus injections delivered at 0, 4, and 8weeks with an equivalent cumulative dose. Similarly, high-dose formulations induced peak antibody titers that were 16.1±2.1 log<sub>2</sub> compared to 17.7±2.2 log<sub>2</sub> for controls. All three microparticle formulations studied in vivo induced peak antibody titers that were statistically similar to bolus controls. These results suggest that pulsatile antigen release from polymeric microparticles is a promising approach for single-injection vaccination, which could potentially reduce the logistical burden associated with immunization in the developing world.
Isolation and characterization of Rhodobacter capsulatus mutants defective in oxygen regulation of the puf operon (1990)

cis-acting mutations that affect regulation of the Rhodobacter capsulatus puf operon by oxygen were isolated by placing the mutagenized puf regulatory region 5' to a promoterless Tn5 neo gene, which encodes resistance to kanamycin (Kmr). R. capsulatus mutants that failed to show wild-type repression of KMr by oxygen were selected and analyzed. Four independent clones contained point mutations, three of which were identical, in a region of dyad symmetry located between puf operon nucleotide positions 177 and 207, approximately 45 base pairs 5' to the site of initiation of puf transcripts. The phenotypic effects of the aerobically selected mutations were duplicated by single and double point mutations introduced site specifically into the region of dyad symmetry by oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis. Determinations of the bacterial 50% lethal dose of kanamycin, of aminoglycoside phosphotransferase activity in cell sonicates, and of neo-specific mRNA confirmed the diminished responsiveness of the mutants to oxygen and consequently implicated the mutated region in O2-mediated transcriptional regulation.
Coexistence of nucleosomal and various non-nucleosomal chromatin configurations in cells infected with herpes simplex virus. (1980)

Coexistence of four different forms of chromatin was observed by electron microscopy in nuclear spread preparations of monkey kidney cells during late stages of infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV-1 AMG). Besides typical nucleosomal (i) chromatin, thin (3-5 nm) strands morphologically indistinguishable from protein-free DNA were frequent, without (ii) or with (iii) sparse 10-22 nm large granules different from nucleosomes. In addition, uniformly thick (mean 17 nm), heavily stained chromatin strands (iv) were seen. The non-nucleosomal character of types (iii) and (iv) chromatin was also demonstrated by their resistance to histone removal in Sarkosyl and heparin. All four forms were seen in capsid-associated HSV-DNA molecules, and various combinations of these forms occurred in adjacent regions of the same DNA molecule, including the vicinity of replication branch points. Especially frequent were regions of chromatin types (ii) or (iii) alternating with thickly coated intercepts of type (iv) chromatin, the latter often displaying "bubble"-like strand separations. The appearance of chromatin types (ii)-(iv) was dependent on viral replication. These chromatin arrays were compared with structures observed in purified HSV-DNA from these cells. Patterns of single-stranded regions were found in HSV-DNA that were similar to those observed in the thickly coated type (iv) chromatin. It is concluded that, in these nuclei, non-nucleosomal arrangements can be formed, at least on viral DNA, under conditions of continued DNA synthesis and inhibited protein synthesis, and that single-stranded DNA is packed into a characteristic thick strand of non-nucleosomal chromatin by association with a special, probably virus-coded protein.
High-quality factor tantalum pentoxide microring resonator mirror at 780 nm (2022)

Microring resonators in Ta 2 O 5 platform are demonstrated at 780 nm with quality factors &gt; 1.4 million. Devices are engineered with tunable on-chip reflections to create effective cavity lengths of ~ 300 mm, suitable for compact, narrow-linewidth lasers.
Discovery of Novel Metastasis Genes in Breast Cancer (2003)

Abstract : Under this proposal we plan to identify genes that drive the homing of invasive primary breast cancer to its metastatic sites. For the discovery of such genes, in vivo phage display of breast cancer cDNA libraries will be used. Validation will be achieved by expression monitoring in histological sections as well as by functional assays. In a first series of experiments we established the methodology for in situ hybridization of tissue microarrays containing paraffin-embedded breast cancers for homing genes that were discovered using the liver as a target organ. No distinct expression was found for breast cancer vs. non-cancerous breast tissues. It is planned to next select homing genes with the breast cancer cell library derived from MDA-MB 231 cells. Then, homing genes derived from that library will be screened against the breast cancer tissue microarray.
Relaxed silicon–germanium-on-insulator substrates by oxygen implantation into pseudomorphic silicon germanium/silicon heterostructure (2003)

We have developed a modified separation-by-implantation-of-oxygen (SIMOX) process for fabricating relaxed silicon–germanium-on-insulator (SGOI) substrates without using thick graded SiGe buffer structures. Oxygen ions are implanted into a pseudomorphically grown 115 nm Si0.86Ge0.14 layer, with the implant peak located slightly below the heterostructure interface. Following two annealing processes (∼800+1350 °C) instead of conventional one-step annealing (∼1350 °C) in traditional SIMOX, a buried silicon dioxide layer is created near the original SiGe/Si interface, resulting in a fully relaxed SGOI structure. Our results show that an annealing step at a moderate temperature (∼800 °C) leads to less Ge loss.
Wavelet based reduction of stimulus artifact in evoked otoacoustic emissions testing (2002)

The initial segments of evoked otoacoustic emissions are contaminated by a stimulus artifact. This artifact inhibits examination of high frequency cochlear responses, which have short latencies. We propose an artifact reduction technique that draws on discrete wavelet transform pre-processing and neural network adaptive noise reduction methods. We show empirically that the proposed pre-processing method not only improves artifact reduction by an order of magnitude but also enhances signal-to-noise ratio in the response region.