gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lactobacillus acidophilus, un futur outil thérapeutique dans le traitement des maladies inflammatoires chroniques de l’intestin ? (2015)

National audience
Olefin Copolymerization and Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate Catalyzed by Tantalum(V)-Based Complexes (2003)

Three different types of tantalum(V) complexes—tantalocene 1, halfsandwich imido tantalum 2, and bulky chelating diamide tantalum trimethyl 3—have been investigated for ethylene-1-octene copolymerization and for polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA). 1 is inactive for the copolymerization upon activation with an excess of strong Lewis acids M(C6F5)3 (M = B, Al), while 3 exhibits low copolymerization activity when activated with an aluminum imidzolide or a PMAO-IP activator. Complex 2, when activated with the aluminum imidzolide activator, however, shows a high copolymerization activity of 1.2 x 106 g/(mol metal.atm.h) at a polymerization temperature of 140 °C, producing low density (0.898 g/mL) poly(ethylene-co-l-octene) copolymers having high molecular weight (Mw = 127K). MMA polymerization in toluene by complex 1 upon activation with 2 equiv of A1(C6F5)3 is sluggish; however, the same polymerization in o-dichlorobenzene is very rapid, producing quantitative yield of syndiotactic PMMA ([rr] = 74%) with a high molecular weight of Mn
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Heteroaryloxetanes and Heteroarylazetidines by Use of a Minisci Reaction. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Hedgehog signalling pathway orchestrates angiogenesis in triple-negative breast cancers (2017)

This study identifies the Hh pathway as one of the main regulators of tumour angiogenesis in TNBC, thus suggesting Hh inhibition as a potential new anti-angiogenic therapeutic option to be clinically investigated in GLI1 overexpressing TNBC patients.
EFFECT OF SIMULATED KNEE EFFUSION ON GAIT (2002)

Increase in fluid within the knee joint capsule results in an increase in knee joint capsular pressure, which has been shown experimentally to reduce the knee extensor torque and power during activity. However, the knee joint capsule mechanoreceptors are temperature sensitive, so the temperature of the fluid may also be a factor influencing gait changes. PURPOSE: To determine kinematic changes in the gait patterns of subjects with healthy knees undergoing simulated knee effusion with saline warmed to 106°F. METHODS: Three males and three females (mean ± SD, age: 25 ± 4y; height:180 ± 8cm; body mass: 74 ± 14kg) with healthy knees were gait tested under three conditions: C1: no injection; C2: extra-capsular lidocaine injection; C3: 20cc saline injection. Subjects walked across a six-meter walkway with retro-reflective markers attached to facilitate anatomical landmark identification using a motion data capturing system. Saline, warmed to 106°F to represent the temperature of actual intra-articular fluid, was injected into the knee joint capsule. One trial was collected in each effusion condition. Walking speeds were monitored and remained with 2.2% across effusion conditions for each subject. A repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze the data (α = 0.05) RESULTS: Although lower extremity kinematics exhibited only minor changes with effusion, the changes warrant further investigation to identify possible alterations in joint kinetics and energetics during the energy absorption and generation phases of stance. CONCLUSION: These results differ from previous simulted effusion studies and suggest that the temperature of the effused saline may affect the neuromuscular response.
Effect of Gas Pressure on the Lifetime of Capacitive RF MEMS Switches (2006)

For the first time it is shown that the lifetime of capacitive RF MEMS switches depends on the ambient gas pressure. A change of the pressure causes a change of the electric strength of the gas and as a result electric discharging during the operation can occur. This indicates that insulator charging, the main failure mode in these switches, probably not only occurs upon contact between the top electrode and the insulator, but also without contact, due to electron emission or electrode-gap breakdown.
Molecular mechanism underlying the impact of vitamin D on disease activity of MS (2014)

Here, we provide mechanistic evidence that an unbalanced 25(OH)D gene expression system may affect MS activity. Our findings support a potential benefit of monitoring and managing vitamin D levels (e.g., through supplementation) in early MS patients treated with IFN-beta-1b.
Abstract 4622: Targeting MYCN in Neuroblastoma by BET Bromodomain Inhibition. (2013)

Abstract Bromodomain inhibition comprises a promising therapeutic strategy in cancer, particularly for hematologic malignancies. To date, however, genomic biomarkers to direct clinical translation have been lacking. We conducted a cell-based screen of genetically-defined cancer cell lines using a prototypical inhibitor of BET (bromodomain and extra-terminal domain) bromodomains. Integration of genetic features with chemosensitivity data revealed a robust correlation between MYCN amplification and sensitivity to bromodomain inhibition. We characterized the mechanistic and translational significance of this finding in neuroblastoma, a childhood cancer with frequent amplification of MYCN. Genome-wide expression analysis demonstrated downregulation of the MYCN transcriptional program accompanied by suppression of MYCN transcription, and a BET Bromodomain inhibitor was found to displace BRD4 from the MYCN promoter region in neuroblastoma cell lines. Functionally, bromodomain-mediated inhibition of MYCN impaired growth and induced apoptosis in neuroblastoma. BRD4 knock-down phenocopied these effects, establishing BET bromodomains as transcriptional regulators of MYCN. BET inhibition conferred a significant survival advantage in three in vivo neuroblastoma models, providing a compelling rationale for developing BET bromodomain inhibitors in patients with neuroblastoma. Citation Format: Alexandre Puissant, Stacey M. Frumm, Gabriela Alexe, Christopher F. Bassil, Jun Qi, Yvan H. Chanthery, Erin A. Nekritz, Rhamy Zeid, W. Clay Gustafson, Patricia Greninger, Matthew J. Garnett, Ultan McDermott, Cyril H. Benes, Andrew L. Kung, William A. Weiss, James E. Bradner, Kimberly Stegmaier. Targeting MYCN in Neuroblastoma by BET Bromodomain Inhibition. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4622. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4622
Papillomavirus Is Resistant to Desiccation (1997)

There is strong epidemiologic evidence for sexual transmission of high-risk genital human papillomavirus (HPV) types. However, it is unclear if infection may also be transmitted indirectly via fomites. To assess this possibility, the in vitro infectivity after desiccation was compared for pseudotype HPV-16 virions, a model for high-risk type genital HPV, and bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1), a papillomavirus known to be transmitted via fomites. The 2 viruses had similar resistance to desiccation in cell extracts, retaining approximately 100%, 50%, and 30% of infectivity when dehydrated for 1, 3, and 7 days, respectively, at room temperature. Pseudotype HPV-16 and BPV in cell extracts were completely inactivated by autoclave treatment and susceptible to 70% ethanol but were resistant to EDTA or incubation at 56 degrees C for 1 h. The data suggest that further study of nonsexual spread of high-risk genital HPV via fomites is warranted.
High current switching capacitor converter for on-package VR (2018)

Digital ASIC devices are widely used in networking and computing applications. This kind of devices are implemented with a short channel technology requiring high peak currents for high complexity systems and a low supply voltage. Digital ASICs are powered by an external Voltage Regulator with specifications similar to modern microprocessors' power supply (VRMs). In order to reduce the number of power pins and to reduce the Power Distribution Network (PDN) issue, Intel's® 4th generation CoreTM [1] integrates Voltage Regulators, moreover many on-package conversion systems [2], [5] are present in literature. In this paper a conversion solution based on switched resonant tank is presented, yielding currents up to 300 A, on 0.8 V in an area of 10 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> with a resonant-driving technique.
Application of Group-Based QSAR and Molecular Docking in the Design of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Antagonists (2015)

Purpose: To identify the structural requirements for designing a lead key for insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1R) inhibition using group-based quantitative structure activity relationship (GQSAR) and molecular docking.Methods: GQSAR method requires fragmentation of molecules. The molecules in the current dataset were fragmented into three (R1, R2 and R3) by applying common fragmentation pattern, and fragmentbased 2D descriptors were then calculated. GQSAR models were derived by applying various methods including multiple linear regressions and partial least square or k-nearest neighbour.Results: Four generated GQSAR models were selected based on the statistical significance of the model. It was found that the presence of flexible and non-aromatic groups on fragment R1 was conducive for inhibition. Additionally, the existence of amino groups as hydrogen bond donors at fragments R2 and R3 was fruitful for inhibition. Docking studies revealed the binding orientation adopted by the active compounds at several amino acid residues, including Met 1126, Arg, 1128, Met 1052, GLU 1050, Met 1112, Leu 1051, Met 1049, Val 1033, and Val 983 at ATP binding sites of IGF-1R kinase domain.Conclusion: The generated models provide a site-specific insight into the structural requirements for IGF-1R inhibition which can be used to design and develop potent inhibitors.Keywords: Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptor, Quantitative structure-activity relationship, Adenosine triphosphate, Competitive inhibitors, Electrotopological state index.
Three- and Four-Dimensional Spheroid and FiSS Tumoroid Cultures: Platforms for Drug Discovery and Development and Translational Research (2017)

There have been remarkable improvements in our understanding of cancer biology. However, therapeutic improvements, with a few exceptions, have been minimal. Also, significant challenges remain in translating fundamental discoveries in cancer biology and genetics into effective drugs and cures. Traditional two-dimensional monolayer cell cultures lack predictive value, resulting in a >90% failure rate of compounds in clinical trials. A developing cancer is a symbiotic tissue consisting of cancer cells, including cancer stem cells (CSCs), and cohabitating with the components of its environment to form a tumor microenvironment (TME) niche. Throughout the process of tumorigenesis, ubiquitous autocrine and paracrine signaling between the cellular and noncellular components of the TME dictates the milieu and structure of this niche. Arising out of such interactions are the cancer cell's phenotypic characteristics, such as stemness, epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT), and drug resistance which in turn greatly affect the response of these cells to drug therapy. For these reasons, in order to delineate the mechanism of tumorigenesis and in the process discover drugs that will have greatest impact on tumor growth, it becomes imperative to study the cancer cell in context of its microenvironment. In the present review, we enumerate the advantages of three- and four-dimensional (3D and 4D) cell cultures and describe the various cell culture platforms that are being used to study tumorigenesis in vitro. These culture systems will not only aid in the study of tumor progression complexities in a cost-effective and rapid manner; they also are expected to facilitate the discovery and delivery of therapeutic regimens that will have more success making it to the clinic.
Community acceptability and utilization of micronutrient powders in Bihar, India (2013)

Multiple micronutrient powders (MMPs) represent an innovative solution to reduce anemia and perhaps improve complementary feeding (CF) practices. The objective of this pilot was to examine community acceptability and utilization of MMPs to inform the design of a randomized‐control trial in Bihar, India. A 10 day pilot study of acceptability was conducted in 27 households with children ages 6–24 months. Households were counseled on MMP product use and age appropriate CF. In‐depth interviews with caregivers were conducted on three occasions (day 0, 5, and 10). MMP use was high regardless of caste, religion or age of child (100% tried product at least once, 84% had complete compliance). Caregivers reported overall ease of use of product and agreed there was a need for MMPs in the community. Caregiver's perceptions of MMPs were generally favorable and many even reported improved child appetite, CF practices and well‐being of the children. Two households felt MMP causes loose stools and reported negative experiences. Potential barriers identified were misconceptions that MMP would have immediate benefits in reducing illness. Formative research informed the development of locally appropriate visual aids/counseling materials. MMPs integrated with CF counseling are a promising locally acceptable intervention to improve child nutrition in Bihar. Funding provided by a BMGF grant through a subcontract with CARE‐India.
Expression of Dual-Specificity Phosphatase 5 Pseudogene 1 (DUSP5P1) in Tumor Cells (2014)

Sequencing of individual clones from a newly established cDNA library from the chemoresistant Hodgkin's lymphoma cell line L-1236 led to the isolation of a cDNA clone corresponding to a short sequence from chromosome 1. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction indicated high expression of this sequence in Hodgkin's lymphoma derived cell lines but not in normal blood cells. Further characterization of this sequence and the surrounding genomic DNA revealed that this sequence is part of a human endogenous retrovirus locus. The sequence of this endogenous retrovirus is interrupted by a pseudogene of the dual specificity phosphatase 5 (DUSP5). Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction revealed high expression of this pseudogene (DUSP5P1) in HL cell lines but not in normal blood cells or Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized B cells. Cells from other tumor types (Burkitt's lymphoma, leukemia, neuroblastoma, Ewing sarcoma) also showed a higher DUSP5P1/DUSP5 ratio than normal cells. Furthermore, we observed that higher expression of DUSP5 in relation to DUSP5P1 correlated with the expression of the pro-apoptotic factor B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2-like 11 (BCL2L11) in peripheral blood cells and HL cells. Knock-down of DUSP5 in HL cells resulted in down-regulation of BCL2L11. Thus, the DUSP5/DUSP5P1 system could be responsible for regulation of BCL2L11 leading to inhibition of apoptosis in these tumor cells.
Effect of Inclination on the Air-Water Flow in 4-Inch Pipe (2014)

Air-water two-phase flow in a pipeline often occurs in petroleum industry. It is important to study behavior of such flows in order to characterize two-phase flow in upstream production pipelines. This paper presents pressure drop measurements of air-water two-phase flow in a horizontal and inclined 4 inch diameter stainless steel pipe at different flow conditions. Experiments were carried out for different inclination angles including; 0°, 15°, 30° (upward and downward flows) and for different water-to-air volume fractions. Inlet superficial water velocities were varied from 0.3 to 3 m/s and reference pressure was set at 1 and 2 bars. For a given superficial air velocity, pressure drop has been found to increase with increase in superficial water velocity. Pressure drop was also affected by the inclination of pipe. Upward flows were associated with high pressure drops as compared to downward flows. Measured pressure drops were compared with existing empirical relations and good agreement was found.
Venus's Flytrap Observations by Scanning Electron Microscopy (1970)

Observations of the digestive glands, trigger hairs, epidermal surface, nectar glands, touch receptors, and stomata of Dionaea muscipula, the Venus's flytrap, were carried out by means of scanning electron microscopy. Previously undescribed details of the surface topography were resolved which may correlate with certain functions of the plant.
New Biocomposites for Lightweight Structures and their Processes (2015)

The development of new biocomposites and efficient manufacturing methods that are suitable for series processing is the purpose of the current sub-project C4 of the Excellence Cluster MERGE, sponsored by DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft). Two different types of materials are combined: bio-based thermoplastic polymers such as bio-polyethylenes or bio-polyamides and renewable reinforcing materials such as thin wood veneer or unidirectional flax fibers. To achieve a high-efficiency in terms of mass-production, reproducibility and flexibility, it is required to perform several steps in the realization of semi-finished and final products. The improvement of the adhesion at the interface of the components, the implementation of continuous processes, in order to increase energetically the yielding, and the final design, through several methods, for future potential applications are so many perspectives to achieve.
Sleep-Wave Activity of a Delta SleepInducing Peptide Analog Correlates with its Penetrance of the Blood-Brain Barrier (1986)

Delta sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) significantly increases delta wave electrical activity in the brain of rats after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. Rats (n = 10) were peripherally injected with DSIP and [D-Ala4]DSIP-NH2 during the dark portion of a 12-h light/dark cycle prior to recording of epidural encephalographic (EEG) wave forms. Administration of [D-Ala4]DSIP-NH2, an analog that enters the brain after peripheral administration more readily than the parent DSIP molecule, resulted in significantly more delta waves than DSIP together with a highly significant amount of theta activity. DSIP was found to significantly increase EEG output in the delta range when compared with controls. In addition, the DSIP analog significantly decreased locomotor activity, whereas DSIP itself was without effect. These findings strongly support the controversial concepts that peripherally injected peptides can reach the brain and that DSIP compounds can increase sleep activity.
C-Arm Non-Circular Orbits: Geometric Calibration, Image Quality, and Avoidance of Metal Artifacts (2020)

Metal artifacts present a frequent challenge to cone-beam CT (CBCT) in image-guided surgery, obscuring visualization of metal instruments and adjacent anatomy. Recent advances in mobile C-arm systems have enabled 3D imaging capacity with non-circular orbits. We extend a previously proposed metal artifacts avoidance (MAA) method to reduce the influence of metal artifacts by prospectively defining a non-circular orbit that avoids metal-induced biases in projection domain. Accurate geometric calibration is an important challenge to accurate 3D image reconstruction for such orbits. We investigate the performance of interpolation-based calibration from a library of circular orbits for any non-circular orbit. We apply the method to non-circular scans acquired for MAA, which involves: (i) coarse 3D localization of metal objects via only two scout views using an end-to-end trained neural network; (ii) calculation of the metal-induced x-ray spectral shift for all possible views; and (iii) identification of the non-circular orbit that minimizes the variations in spectral shift. Non-circular orbits with interpolation-based geometric calibration yielded reasonably accurate 3D image reconstruction. The end-to-end neural network accurately localized metal implants with just two scout views even in complex anatomical scenes, improving Dice coefficient by ~42% compared to a more conventional cascade of separately trained U-nets. In a spine phantom with pedicle screw instrumentation, non-circular orbits identified by the MAA method reduced the magnitude of metal "blomming" artifacts (apparent width of the screw shaft) in CBCT reconstructions by ~70%. The proposed imaging and calibration methods present a practical means to improve image quality in mobile C-arm CBCT by identifying non-circular scan protocols that improve sampling and reduce metal-induced biases in the projection data.
Post porosity plasma protection integration at 48 nm pitch (2016)

Integration of high porosity low-k dielectrics faces major challenges as the porosity weakens the dielectric, resulting in severe plasma induced damage (PID) and difficulties in profile control. Post porosity plasma protection (P4) integration strategy addresses those challenges by strengthening the dielectric via porosity refill during the integration steps. Realization of P4 integration at an advanced node is nontrivial. In this paper, we demonstrate the feasibility of the P4 integration scheme in a dual damascene double patterning 48 nm pitch test vehicle with a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposited (PECVD) k = 2.4 inter-layer dielectric (ILD). In addition, initial results of applying P4 with a PECVD k = 2.2 ILD show promise in reducing capacitance at 48 nm pitch and beyond.
WiFiMod: Transformer-based Indoor Human Mobility Modeling using Passive\n Sensing (2021)

Modeling human mobility has a wide range of applications from urban planning\nto simulations of disease spread. It is well known that humans spend 80% of\ntheir time indoors but modeling indoor human mobility is challenging due to\nthree main reasons: (i) the absence of easily acquirable, reliable, low-cost\nindoor mobility datasets, (ii) high prediction space in modeling the frequent\nindoor mobility, and (iii) multi-scalar periodicity and correlations in\nmobility. To deal with all these challenges, we propose WiFiMod, a\nTransformer-based, data-driven approach that models indoor human mobility at\nmultiple spatial scales using WiFi system logs. WiFiMod takes as input\nenterprise WiFi system logs to extract human mobility trajectories from\nsmartphone digital traces. Next, for each extracted trajectory, we identify the\nmobility features at multiple spatial scales, macro, and micro, to design a\nmulti-modal embedding Transformer that predicts user mobility for several hours\nto an entire day across multiple spatial granularities. Multi-modal embedding\ncaptures the mobility periodicity and correlations across various scales while\nTransformers capture long-term mobility dependencies boosting model prediction\nperformance. This approach significantly reduces the prediction space by first\npredicting macro mobility, then modeling indoor scale mobility, micro-mobility,\nconditioned on the estimated macro mobility distribution, thereby using the\ntopological constraint of the macro-scale. Experimental results show that\nWiFiMod achieves a prediction accuracy of at least 10% points higher than the\ncurrent state-of-art models. Additionally, we present 3 real-world applications\nof WiFiMod - (i) predict high-density hot pockets for policy-making decisions\nfor COVID19 or ILI, (ii) generate a realistic simulation of indoor mobility,\n(iii) design personal assistants.\n