gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Roles Of Assisters And Automated Decision Support Tools In Consumers’ Marketplace Choices: Room For Improvement (2019)

Assisters provide in-person and phone-based support to help consumers narrow their plan options on the Affordable Care Act's health insurance Marketplaces. We elicited the perspectives of a national sample of thirty-two assisters from ten states on consumer plan selection and available Marketplace decision support tools (for example, total cost estimators and provider network look-up tools). Assisters identified several shortcomings that limited their use of decision support tools, such as nonspecific cost estimates and inaccurate provider network data. Assisters instead provided individualized cost estimates, called provider offices to verify network coverage, and found innovative strategies to help consumers access care affordably under their chosen plan. Two priorities emerged for optimizing consumers' Marketplace insurance selection process: improve the quality of data used in decision support tools and invest in assister programs. Assister strategies should be a benchmark for improving decision support tools, with lessons to be learned for future tool development.
Spatiotemporal Pattern of Neural Processing in the Human Auditory Cortex (2002)

The principles that the auditory cortex uses to decipher a stream of acoustic information have remained elusive. Neural responses in the animal auditory cortex can be broadly classified into transient and sustained activity. We examined the existence of similar principles in the human brain. Sound-evoked, blood oxygen level-dependent signal response was decomposed temporally into independent transient and sustained constituents, which predominated in different portions-core and belt-of the auditory cortex. Converging with unit recordings, our data suggest that this spatiotemporal pattern in the auditory cortex may represent a fundamental principle of analyzing sound information.
Quantum Dot Optical Frequency Comb Laser with Mode-Selection Technique for 1-µm Waveband Photonic Transport System (2010)

An optical frequency comb was generated from a single quantum dot laser diode (QD-LD) in the 1-µm waveband using an Sb-irradiated InGaAs/GaAs QD active medium. A single-mode-selection technique and interference injection-seeding technique are proposed for selecting the optical mode of a QD optical frequency comb laser (QD-CML). In the 1-µm waveband, a wavelength-tunable single-mode light source and a multiple-wavelength generator of a comb with 100-GHz spacing and ultrafine teeth are successfully demonstrated by applying the optical-mode-selection techniques to the QD-CML. Additionally, by applying the single-mode-selection technique to the QD-CML, a 10-Gbps clear eye opening for multiple-wavelengths in 1-µm waveband photonic transport over a 1.5-km-long holey fiber is obtained.
Effects of gamma‐irradiation on the M‐CSF‐promoter linked to a chloramphenicol aminoacyl transferase reporter gene expressed in a clonal murine bone marrow stromal cell line (1994)

The effects of cytokines produced by bone marrow stromal cells on closely associated hematopoietic cells constitute a major component of the physiology of the hematopoietic microenvironment. A major cytokine produced by marrow stromal cells is macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). To determine the effect of gamma-irradiation on the M-CSF promoter in bone marrow stromal cells, we selected a clonal cell line from the C3H/HeJ mouse marrow stromal cell line D2XRII and stably transfected a reporter construct containing the murine M-CSF-promoter linked to a chloramphenicol aminoacyl transferase (CAT) gene. CAT activity was measured at serial time points after gamma-irradiation in vitro to doses between 500 and 10,000 cGy at a dose rate of 116 cGy/min. D2XRII marrow stromal cells treated with phorbol myristate acetate (40 micrograms/ml, four h), demonstrated a significant two-fold increase in CAT activity. In contrast, CAT activity measured immediately, 24 h, 72 h or 1 week after gamma-irradiation, showed no significant increase or decrease in CAT activity. An increase in CAT activity was detected 48 h after irradiation with cells that received 5,000 cGy. Thus, single fraction gamma-irradiation of plateau phase bone marrow stromal cells did not decrease M-CSF-promoter activity. These results are consistent with prior experimental data demonstrating stable levels of release of M-CSF protein following gamma-irradiation of bone marrow stromal cells and imply that the stability of transcription of the gene for this important cytokine is protected from irradiation.
neuroD2 and neuroD3 : Distinct Expression Patterns and Transcriptional Activation Potentials within the neuroD Gene Family (1996)

We have identified two new genes, neuroD2 and neuroD3, on the basis of their similarity to the neurogenic basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) gene neuroD. The predicted amino acid sequence of neuroD2 shows a high degree of homology to neuroD and MATH-2/NEX-1 in the bHLH region, whereas neuroD3 is a more distantly related family member. neuroD3 is expressed transiently during embryonic development, with the highest levels of expression between days 10 and 12. neuroD2 is initially expressed at embryonic day 11, with persistent expression in the adult nervous system. In situ and Northern (RNA) analyses demonstrate that different regions of the adult nervous system have different relative amounts of neuroD and neuroD2 RNA. Similar to neuroD, expression of neuroD2 in developing Xenopus laevis embryos results in ectopic neurogenesis, indicating that neuroD2 mediates neuronal differentiation. Transfection of vectors expressing neuroD and neuroD2 into P19 cells shows that both can activate expression through simple E-box-driven reporter constructs and can activate a reporter driven by the neuroD2 promoter region, but the GAP-43 promoter is preferentially activated by neuroD2. The noncongruent expression pattern and target gene specificity of these highly related neurogenic bHLH proteins make them candidates for conferring specific aspects of the neuronal phenotype.
Listeria delivers tetanus toxoid protein to pancreatic tumors and induces cancer cell death in mice (2022)

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly metastatic disease. Tumors are poorly immunogenic and immunosuppressive, preventing T cell activation in the tumor microenvironment. Here, we present a microbial-based immunotherapeutic treatment for selective delivery of an immunogenic tetanus toxoid protein (TT<sub>856-1313</sub>) into PDAC tumor cells by attenuated <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>. This treatment reactivated preexisting TT-specific memory T cells to kill infected tumor cells in mice. Treatment of KrasG12D,p53R172H, Pdx1-Cre (KPC) mice with <i>Listeria</i>-TT resulted in TT accumulation inside tumor cells, attraction of TT-specific memory CD4 T cells to the tumor microenvironment, and production of perforin and granzyme B in tumors. Low doses of gemcitabine (GEM) increased immune effects of <i>Listeria</i>-TT, turning immunologically cold into hot tumors in mice. In vivo depletion of T cells from <i>Listeria</i>-TT + GEM-treated mice demonstrated a CD4 T cell-mediated reduction in tumor burden. CD4 T cells from TT-vaccinated mice were able to kill TT-expressing Panc-02 tumor cells in vitro. In addition, peritumoral lymph node-like structures were observed in close contact with pancreatic tumors in KPC mice treated with <i>Listeria</i>-TT or <i>Listeria</i>-TT + GEM. These structures displayed CD4 and CD8 T cells producing perforin and granzyme B. Whereas CD4 T cells efficiently infiltrated the KPC tumors, CD8 T cells did not. <i>Listeria</i>-TT + GEM treatment of KPC mice with advanced PDAC reduced tumor burden by 80% and metastases by 87% after treatment and increased survival by 40% compared to nontreated mice. These results suggest that <i>Listeria</i>-delivered recall antigens could be an alternative to neoantigen-mediated cancer immunotherapy.
Dual-polarized base station antenna configurations for LTE (2010)

In this paper, we present results from a study on the impact of antenna separation on LTE system performance. By means of system simulations we evaluate under which conditions a small or large antenna separation is preferable. We also provide empirical support to the simulation results by comparing with results from a measurement campaign.
Eulicin Inhibits Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Replication. (1995)

Eulicin, an antifungal antibiotic agent, was previously isolated from a species of Streptomyces and described by Charney et al}\ Efficacy and toxicity studies were performed2), and the structure of Eulicin (Fig.l) was determined by Herman et al.3\ In the present com-
Anomalous resistivity on auroral field lines (1981)

Conditions that exist along auroral field lines (δn i /n o &gt; .25, Ω e /ω e &gt; 1) act to break the adiabatic invariance of the electron magnetic moment, cause strong anomalous dc resistivity, and generate electron distributions in good agreement with observations.
The down-regulation of miR-125b in chronic lymphocytic leukemias leads to metabolic adaptation of cells to a transformed state (2012)

MiR-125b-1 maps at 11q24, a chromosomal region close to the epicenter of 11q23 deletions in chronic lymphocytic leukemias (CLLs). Our results establish that both aggressive and indolent CLL patients show reduced expression of miR-125b. Overexpression of miR-125b in CLL-derived cell lines resulted in the repression of many transcripts encoding enzymes implicated in cell metabolism. Metabolomics analyses showed that miR-125b overexpression modulated glucose, glutathione, lipid, and glycerolipid metabolism. Changes on the same metabolic pathways also were observed in CLLs. We furthermore analyzed the expression of some of miR-125b-target transcripts that are potentially involved in the aforementioned metabolic pathways and defined a miR-125b-dependent CLL metabolism-related transcript signature. Thus, miR-125b acts as a master regulator for the adaptation of cell metabolism to a transformed state. MiR-125b and miR-125b-dependent metabolites therefore warrant further investigation as possible novel therapeutic approaches for patients with CLL.
Synthesis and use as spin-trap of 5-methyl-5-phosphono-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DHPMPO). pH Dependence of the EPR parameters of the spin adducts (2001)

5-Methyl-5-phosphono-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DHPMPO), the acid analogue of DEPMPO, is synthesized by hydrolysis of the diethoxyphosphoryl moiety of DEPMPO. A variety of carbon- and oxygen-centred radicals are trapped with DHPMPO and the corresponding EPR spectra are analysed. We investigate the influence of pH on the coupling-constant-values of DHPMPO-CH3 which behaves like a pH-sensitive probe. The two pKa-values (1.31 and 7.58) are obtained from the simultaneous calculation of ten EPR spectra recorded in the pH range 0.5–9, using new two-dimensional simulation software.
Endotoxin Removal in Septic Shock with the Alteco LPS Adsorber Was Safe But Showed no Benefit Compared to Placebo in the Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial—the Asset Study (2019)

Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02335723. Registered: November 28, 2014.
Nanofiber waveguides and photophysics of an organic dye (2015)

We present previously unreported properties of the organic molecular dye compound, 2,3,7,8-tetracyano-5,10-dimethyl-5,10-dihydrodipyrazino[2,3-b:2’,3’-e]pyrazine (DMTC-pyrazine) (CAS Reg. No. 150960-11-5), including photophysical properties with particular emphasis on optical waveguiding. We show that DMTC-pyrazine can self-assemble into monoclinic crystals that are thermally stable over 300°C. Through shape-engineering, optimized growth conditions produced high yields of nanofiber (aspect ratio >6) crystals. No photobleaching of this dye was observed in air even after hours of on-resonant illumination. Excitation of photoluminescence within the DMTC-pyrazine nanofibers propagates in tightly confined guided modes (up to 25 μm). The finesse, end-facet reflectance, and group refractive index of nanofiber DMTC-pyrazine Fabry-Pérot cavities are reported.
Figure S4 from RTK-Dependent Inducible Degradation of Mutant PI3Kα Drives GDC-0077 (Inavolisib) Efficacy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Taselisib depletes mutant p110a protein through ubiquitin and proteasome mechanism in a dose and time dependent manner&lt;/p&gt;
Paromomycin and Geneticin Inhibit Intracellular Cryptosporidium parvum without Trafficking through the Host Cell Cytoplasm: Implications for Drug Delivery (1998)

Cryptosporidium parvum, which causes intractable diarrhea and lethal wasting in people with AIDS, occupies an unusual intracellular but extracytoplasmic niche. No reliable therapy for cryptosporidiosis exists, though the aminoglycoside paromomycin is somewhat effective. We report that paromomycin and the related compound geneticin manifest their major in vitro anti-C. parvum activity against intracellular parasites via a mechanism that does not require drug trafficking through the host cell cytoplasm. We used both normal and transformed aminoglycoside-resistant Caco-2 or MDBK cells in these studies. Timed-exposure experiments demonstrated that these drugs inhibit intracellular but not extracellular parasites. Apical but not basolateral exposure of infected cells to these drugs led to very significant parasite inhibition, indicating an apical topological restriction of action. We estimated intracytoplasmic concentrations of paromomycin, using an intracellular bacterial killing assay, and found that C. parvum infection did not lead to increased paromomycin concentrations compared to those in uninfected cells. Global [3H]paromomycin uptake by Caco-2 cells was approximately 200-fold higher than the estimated intracytoplasmic paromomycin concentration, suggestive of host cell vesicular uptake and concentration (as has been reported with other cell lines). However, preinfection exposure of Caco-2 cells to paromomycin did not result in subsequent inhibition of parasite development, indicating that if exogenous paromomycin enters the infected host cell vesicular compartment, it does not effectively communicate with the parasite. Thus, the apical membranes overlying the parasite and parasitophorous vacuole may be the unsuspected major route of entry for paromomycin and may be of importance in the design and discovery of novel drug therapies for the otherwise untreatable C. parvum.
Optimal span length in high-speed transmission systems with hybrid Raman–erbium-doped fiber amplification (2005)

We show, using nonlinearity management, that the optimal performance in high-bit-rate dispersion-managed fiber systems with hybrid amplification is achieved for a specific amplifier spacing that is different from the asymptotically vanishing length corresponding to ideally distributed amplification [Opt. Lett. 15, 1064 (1990)]. In particular, we prove the existence of a nontrivial optimal span length for 40-Gbit/s wavelength-division transmission systems with Raman-erbium-doped fiber amplification. Optimal amplifier lengths are obtained for several dispersion maps based on commonly used transmission fibers.
Implementation and Simulation of the Impact of Mixer Phase Mismatch in Cartesian Feedback Linearization Systems (2016)

International audience
Comments on "Multiple Antenna Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radios" (2011)

We point out an error in a derivation in the recent paper, and provide a correct and much shorter calculation of the result in question. In passing, we also connect the results in to the literature on array signal processing and on principal component analysis, and show that the signal detection methods proposed in follow as special cases of standard results in these fields.
Kernel-based embeddings for large graphs with centrality constraints (2015)

Complex phenomena involving pairwise interactions in natural and man-made settings can be well-represented by networks. Besides statistical and computational analyses on such networks, visualization plays a crucial role towards effectively conveying “at-a-glance” structural properties such as node hierarchy. However, most graph embedding algorithms developed for network visualization are ill-equipped to cope with the sheer volume of data generated by modern networks that encompass online social interactions, the Internet, or the world-wide web. Motivated by the emergence of nonlinear manifold learning approaches for dimensionality reduction, this paper puts forth a novel scheme for embedding graphs using kernel matrices defined on graphs. In particular, a kernelized version of local linear embedding is devised for computation of reconstruction weights. Unlike contemporary approaches, the developed embedding algorithm entails low-cost, parallelizable, and closed-form updates that can easily scale to big network data. Furthermore, it turns out that inclusion of embedding constraints to emphasize centrality structure can be accomplished at minimal extra computational cost. Experimental results on Watts-Strogatz small-world networks demonstrate the efficacy of the novel approach.
ChemInform Abstract: Lipidic Peptides. Part 1. Synthesis, Resolution and Structural Elucidation of Lipidic Amino Acids and Their Homo‐ and Hetero‐ Oligomers. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New K2NiF4‐Type Superconductors Obtained by Cl2 Treatment: Synthesis, Neutron Diffraction and X‐Ray Absorption Spectroscopy Characterization. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Comparative Analysis of Polyfunctional T Cells and Secreted Cytokines Induced by Bacille Calmette-Guérin Immunisation in Children and Adults (2012)

BCG vaccine is one of the most commonly-administered vaccines worldwide. Studies suggest the protective efficacy of BCG against TB is better for children than for adults. One potential explanation is that BCG induces a better protective immune response in children. Twenty six children and adults were immunised with BCG. The proportion of Th1-cytokine-producing mycobacterial-specific T cells, and the concentrations of secreted cytokines, were measured before and 10 weeks after BCG immunisation. A significant increase in the proportion of mycobacterial-specific cytokine-producing T cells was observed in both age groups. After BCG immunisation, children and adults had comparable proportions of mycobacterial-specific polyfunctional CD4 T cells when measured relative to the total number of CD4 T cells. However, relative to the subset of Th-1-cytokine-producing CD4 T cells, the proportion of polyfunctional cells was greater in children. Concentrations of secreted cytokines were comparable in children and adults. These findings suggest that the mycobacterial-specific cell-mediated immune response induced by BCG immunisation in children and adults is similar. The implication of a shift to a more polyfunctional immune response within the Th1-cytokine-producing CD4 T cells in children is uncertain as this aspect of the immune response has not been assessed as a potential correlate of protection against TB.
Polycations and polyanions in SARS-CoV-2 infection (2021)

We hypothesize that polycations, such as nuclear histones, released by neutrophils COVID-19 aggravate COVID-19 by multiple mechanisms: (A) Neutralization of the electrostatic repulsion between the virus particles and the cell membrane, thereby enhancing receptor-mediated entry. (B) Binding to the virus particles, thereby inducing opsonin-mediated endocytosis. (C) Adding to the cytotoxicity, in conjunction with oxidants, cytokines and other pro-inflammatory substances secreted by cells of the innate immunity system. These effects may be alleviated by the administration of negatively charged polyanions such as heparins and heparinoids.
Vascular Disrupting Agent Drug Classes Differ in Effects on the Cytoskeleton (2012)

Vascular disrupting agents (VDAs), anti-cancer drugs that target established tumor blood vessels, fall into two main classes: microtubule targeting drugs, exemplified by combretastatin A4 (CA4), and flavonoids, exemplified by 5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid (DMXAA). Both classes increase permeability of tumor vasculature in mouse models, and DMXAA in particular can cause massive tumor necrosis. The molecular target of CA4 is clearly microtubules. The molecular target(s) of DMXAA remains unclear. It is thought to promote inflammatory signaling in leukocytes, and has been assumed to not target microtubules, though it is not clear from the literature how carefully this assumption has been tested. An earlier flavone analog, flavone acetic acid, was reported to promote mitotic arrest suggesting flavones might possess anti-microtubule activity, and endothelial cells are sensitive to even mild disruption of microtubules. We carefully investigated whether DMXAA directly affects the microtubule or actin cytoskeletons of endothelial cells by comparing effects of CA4 and DMXAA on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) using time-lapse imaging and assays for cytoskeleton integrity. CA4 caused retraction of the cell margin, mitotic arrest and microtubule depolymerization, while DMXAA, up to 500 µM, showed none of these effects. DMXAA also had no effect on pure tubulin nucleation and polymerization, unlike CA4. We conclude that DMXAA exhibits no direct anti-microtubule action and thus cleanly differs from CA4 in its mechanism of action at the molecular level.
Oxidative Functionalisation of SuperQuat Enamides: Asymmetric Synthesis of Homochiral 1,2 Diols (2003)

Homochiral (E)-enamides derived from (S)-4-phenyl-5,5-dimethyl-oxazolidin-2-one undergo highly diastereoselective epoxidation upon treatment with dimethyldioxirane (DMDO). Treatment with m-chloroperbenzoic acid (MCPBA) produces syn-(4S,1′R,2′S)-1′-acyloxy-2′-hydroxy derivatives with high diastereoselectivity, consistent with a mechanism involving initial epoxidation and subsequent in situ SN1 type epoxide opening and trapping with m-chlorobenzoic acid. Reductive cleavage of the isolated 1′-acyloxy-2′-hydroxy derivatives generates 1,2-diols in high yields and in high ee.