gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surface diffusion of carbon monoxide and potassium coadsorbed on Ru(001): Confirmation of a 1:1 CO:K trapping interaction (1996)

The surface mobilities of both CO and K coadsorbed on Ru(001) were studied using laser-induced thermal desorption (LITD) techniques. The LITD measurements revealed that CO was essentially immobile on the potassium-promoted Ru(001) surface when the CO surface coverage, ΘCO, was less than the potassium coverage, ΘK. The CO surface mobility increased dramatically when ΘCO≳ΘK. At ΘK=0.10 ML and 315 K, the CO diffusion coefficient was DCO&amp;lt;4×10−10 cm2/s for ΘCO&amp;lt;0.10 ML and increased to DCO=2.5×10−7 cm2/s for ΘCO≳0.10 ML. At ΘK=0.25 ML and 315 K, the CO surface diffusion coefficient was DCO&amp;lt;4×10−10 cm2/s for ΘCO&amp;lt;0.25 ML and increased to DCO=5×10−9 cm2/s for ΘCO≳0.25 ML. The potassium surface mobility also decreased dramatically as a function of CO coverage at both ΘK=0.10 ML and ΘK=0.25 ML. These diffusion results are consistent with a mutually stabilizing and trapping interaction between coadsorbed CO and K with a 1:1 CO:K stoichiometry. The thermal desorption spectra of both CO and K were also studied using temperature programmed desorption (TPD) techniques. At ΘK=0.10 ML and CO coverages ranging from ΘCO=0.06 ML to ΘCO=0.42 ML, CO TPD peak temperatures were consistently higher than CO peak temperatures obtained on clean Ru(001). These TPD results indicate that CO is stabilized by K on Ru(001). In addition, the potassium TPD spectra at various CO coverages with ΘK=0.10 ML and ΘK=0.25 ML revealed that K was stabilized by coadsorbed CO. The experimental results for CO and K coadsorbed on Ru(001) argue for a mutually stabilizing, short-ranged trapping CO–K interaction with a 1:1 CO:K stoichiometry. Monte Carlo simulations based on this model for the CO:K interaction were also consistent with the coadsorbate surface diffusion results.
Investigation of Li+ Insertion in NMC622 Cathode Material upon Deep Lithiation Via Electrochemistry and x-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy (2020)

Nickel-based cathode materials have become an exciting alternative to the widely used Li x CoO 2 (LCO) for consumer electronics. The main advantages of this type of cathode materials over the LCO electrodes are a higher practical capacity and excellent safety characteristics.[1] Additionally, the tendency to increase the nickel content of these electrodes proves to be cost effective due to their lower cobalt content.[2] One known drawback of nickel-containing layered cathodes is their poor first cycle efficiency of 87-88.6% when cycled in the standard potential window of 2.8 V to 4.4V, whereas LCO cathodes reach a first cycle efficiency of 98%.[3] In this study, we focus on the electrochemical properties of Li x Ni 0.6 Mn 0.2 Co 0.2 O 2 (NMC622) cathode materials. We start by demonstrating that it is possible to recover the capacity “lost” by the NMC622 electrode in the first cycle by increasing the applied overpotential, as was previously shown for other nickel-based cathodes, including LiNiO 2 , LiNi 1/3 Mn 1/3 Co 1/3 O 2 , and LiN i0.8 Co 0.10 Al 0.05 O 2 .[3-4] We then establish through electrochemical measurements that it is possible to overlithiate the NMC622 cathode material by as much as 300 mAh/g relative to the pristine electrode. Finally, we complement our electrochemical characterization with ex-situ X-ray diffraction as well as soft and hard X-ray absorption spectroscopy experiments, to elucidate how the structure of the material and the oxidation states of the transition metals (nickel, cobalt, manganese) change throughout the overlithiation process. [1] Andre, D. et al. Future generations of cathode materials: An automotive industry perspective. J. Mater. Chem. A 3 , 6709–6732 (2015). [2] Xu, J., Lin, F., Doeff, M. M. &amp; Tong, W. A review of Ni-based layered oxides for rechargeable Li-ion batteries. J. Mater. Chem. A 5 , 874–901 (2017). [3] Kang, S. H., Yoon, W. S., Nam, K. W., Yang, X. Q. &amp; Abraham, D. P. Investigating the first-cycle irreversibility of lithium metal oxide cathodes for Li batteries. J. Mater. Sci. 43 , 4701–4706 (2008). [4] Dahn, J. R., von Sacken, U. &amp; Michal, C. A. Structure and electrochemistry of Li 1+/-x NiO z and a new Li2Ni02 phase with the Ni (OH) 2 structure. Solid State Ionics 44 , 87–97 (1990).
Synthesis of cationic uranium compounds by protonolysis of amide precursors: amide and chloroamide complexes (1995)

The chloroamide compounds [U(NEt2)Cl3(thf)] and [U(NEt2)2Cl2] were isolated from the comproportionation reactions of [U(NEt2)4] and UCl4 in tetrahydrofuran (thf) and were converted respectively into the cationic derivatives [UCl3(thf)2]BPh4 and [U(NEt2)Cl2(thf)2]BPh4 by treatment with NHEt3BPh4. Protonolysis of [U(NEt2)4] afforded the monocation [U(NEt2)3]+ which was itself transformed into the dication [U(NEt2)2(thf)3]2+; the crystal structures of [U(NEt2)3(thf)3]BPh4 and [U(NEt2)2(py)5][BPh4]2·1.5py (py = pyridine) have been determined.
Acoustic wave–internal wave interaction experiment in the Yellow Sea (1996)

Simultaneous observations of internal wave activity and acoustic wave propagation in 70 m water in the Yellow Sea were made in the late summer of 1996. The objective of the experiment was to validate the predicated modal coupling and resulting fluctuations and alterations in propagation loss induced by shallow-water internal waves. Propagation over distances up to 50 km (using narrow- and broadband sources over the frequency range of 50 Hz to 6 kHz) was measured with moored and suspended arrays which spanned the water column. Internal wave activity was monitored using several thermistor chains. Details of the experiment and preliminary data will be presented. [Work supported by ONR and the Chinese Academy of Sciences.]
Numerical Simulation of Annealing of CdSe Quantum Dots for White Light LEDs (2008)

The pulsed thermal processing (PTP) of CdSe Quantum Dots (QD) using a High Density plasma arc lamp. The single layer of CdSe QD was deposited on sapphire and was encapsulated in an alumina matrix. A computational methodology is proposed to understand the energy transport and annealing of QD material for solid-state lighting applications. It was found that the energy balance in the system was affected by the QD. The QD monolayer of spheres was found to alter the total reflectivity, even though the energy absorbed in QD was relatively small. The numerical simulations can be an effective tool to predict the narrow range of processing parameters and dramatically reduce expensive trial-and-error procedures while enabling the enhanced properties of nanostructured materials to be realized.
Model comparison for functional MRI (1999)

We consider a model comparison based on a new model selection criterion. We treat fMRI as a spatio-temporal system identification problem and compare our model fitting method based on spatial regularization methods with the so-called statistical parametric map technique currently popular in the fMRI literature. We illustrate our results with data from the brain obtained during a combined visual and motor experiment.
Supplementary Table S4 from High-Order Drug Combinations Are Required to Effectively Kill Colorectal Cancer Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Summarized results of pair-wise and triple combination screens.&lt;/p&gt;
Cre Recombinase Gene Transfer In Vitro and Detection of loxP-Dependent Recombination: Figure 1. (2007)

INTRODUCTIONAltering the genome of intact cells and organisms by site-specific DNA recombination has become an important gene-transfer methodology. The inclusion of exogenous recombinase target sequences within transferred DNA segments allows subsequent modifications to previously altered genomic structure that increase the utility of gene transfer and enhance experimental design. In this protocol, correctly targeted mouse embryonic stem (ES) cell clones bearing the F[tkneo] allele (containing several loxP sites) are subjected to in vitro Cre gene transfer to generate ES cell subclones bearing either Type 1 (Δ) or Type 2 (F) alleles. Type 2 ES cells are used to generate chimeric mice that are then crossed to germ-line Cre-expressing mice, such as ZP3-Cre transgenic mates. The additional time needed to breed the mice (~2-3 mo) is typically less troublesome than the cost and effort of maintaining multiple clone-derived lines of mice.
Sub‐sampling of RF and THz waves using LT‐GaAs photoconductors under 1550 nm light excitation (2017)

Low‐temperature‐grown GaAs (LT‐GaAs)‐based Fabry–Pérot cavity photoconductors, designed for RF and THz optoelectronics applications using1550 nm lasers, are studied. The sub‐sampling of continuous waves at frequencies up to 300 GHz is presented. The duty‐cycle‐limited conversion losses measured up to 67 GHz show that this GaAs‐based photoconductor behaves as a nearly perfect photoswitch controlled by a 1550 nm pulsed laser.
System identification: a multi-signal approach for probing neural cardiovascular regulation (2005)

Short-term, beat-to-beat cardiovascular variability reflects the dynamic interplay between ongoing perturbations to the circulation and the compensatory response of neurally mediated regulatory mechanisms. This physiologic information may be deciphered from the subtle, beat-to-beat variations by using digital signal processing techniques. While single signal analysis techniques (e.g., power spectral analysis) may be employed to quantify the variability itself, the multi-signal approach of system identification permits the dynamic characterization of the neural regulatory mechanisms responsible for coupling the variability between signals. In this review, we provide an overview of applications of system identification to beat-to-beat variability for the quantitative characterization of cardiovascular regulatory mechanisms. After briefly summarizing the history of the field and basic principles, we take a didactic approach to describe the practice of system identification in the context of probing neural cardiovascular regulation. We then review studies in the literature over the past two decades that have applied system identification for characterizing the dynamical properties of the sinoatrial node, respiratory sinus arrhythmia, and the baroreflex control of sympathetic nerve activity, heart rate and total peripheral resistance. Based on this literature review, we conclude by advocating specific methods of practice and that future research should focus on nonlinear and time-varying behaviors, validation of identification methods, and less understood neural regulatory mechanisms. Ultimately, we hope that this review stimulates such future investigations by both new and experienced system identification researchers.
New Pyrano‐4H‐benzo[g]chromene‐5,10‐diones with Antiparasitic and Antioxidant Activities (2020)

New pyranonaphthoquinone derivatives were synthesized and investigated for their activity against Trypanosoma brucei, Leishmania major, and Toxoplasma gondii parasites. The pentafluorophenyl derivative was efficacious against T. brucei with single digit micromolar EC<sub>50</sub> values and against T. gondii with even sub-micromolar values. The 3-chloro-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl derivative showed an activity against amastigotes of Leishmania major parasites comparable to that of amphotericin B. In addition, antioxidant activities were observed for the bromophenyl derivatives, and their redox behavior was studied by cyclovoltammetry. Anti-parasitic and antioxidative activities of the new naphthoquinone derivatives appear uncorrelated.
Preparation of LiBH4@carbon micro–macrocellular foams: tuning hydrogen release through varying microporosity (2010)

Microporous–macroporous carbononaceous monolith-type materials, prepared through a hard template method using silica as exo-templating matrices, have been impregnated with an etheric solution of LiBH4 to prepare LiBH4@carbon samples. It has been shown that the amorphous character of LiBH4 is largely favoured when developing the carbon microporosity (pores smaller than 2 nm) and that, as a consequence, the LiBH4 dehydrogenation is strongly enhanced at low temperatures. The onset temperature of dehydrogenation can be decreased to 200 °C and hydrogen capacity reaching 4.0 wt% is obtained at 300 °C with the carbon having the largest microporous volume, whereas the hydrogen release for bulk LiBH4 is negligible at the same temperature. It is suggested both from DSC and from pressure values reached upon hydrogen release that the enthalpy of the dehydrogenation reaction is strongly modified. In addition to some irreversible reactions with carbon surface groups (and even with the carbon matrix itself according to 11B MAS NMR spectroscopy, which reveals the formation of B–C bonds), the explanation for such modification could lie in the LiBH4 destabilization through confinement to the nanoscale range and associated amorphization. The above feature, where LiBH4 crystalline character is tuned through the imposed microporosity, can be considered as a highly promising approach to control the hydrogen release temperature of complex hydrides.
Repair of Intraoperative Injury to the Medial Collateral Ligament During Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty (2016)

Our results suggest that intraoperative MCL injury can be treated with primary repair followed by hinged knee bracing without the need for increased prosthetic constraint. Stiffness, however, was a common complication.
Data from Expression of a Functional CCR2 Receptor Enhances Tumor Localization and Tumor Eradication by Retargeted Human T cells Expressing a Mesothelin-Specific Chimeric Antibody Receptor (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Adoptive T-cell immunotherapy with tumor infiltrating lymphocytes or genetically-modified T cells has yielded dramatic results in some cancers. However, T cells need to traffic properly into tumors to adequately exert therapeutic effects.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; The chemokine CCL2 was highly secreted by malignant pleural mesotheliomas (MPM; a planned tumor target), but the corresponding chemokine receptor (CCR2) was minimally expressed on activated human T cells transduced with a chimeric antibody receptor (CAR) directed to the MPM tumor antigen mesothelin (mesoCAR T cells). The chemokine receptor CCR2b was thus transduced into mesoCAR T cells using a lentiviral vector, and the modified T cells were used to treat established mesothelin-expressing tumors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; CCR2b transduction led to CCL2-induced calcium flux and increased transmigration, as well as augmentation of &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; T-cell killing ability. A single intravenous injection of 20 million mesoCAR + CCR2b T cells into immunodeficient mice bearing large, established tumors (without any adjunct therapy) resulted in a 12.5-fold increase in T-cell tumor infiltration by day 5 compared with mesoCAR T cells. This was associated with significantly increased antitumor activity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; CAR T cells bearing a functional chemokine receptor can overcome the inadequate tumor localization that limits conventional CAR targeting strategies and can significantly improve antitumor efficacy &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 17(14); 4719–30. ©2011 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Improved thermal spray instrumentation using intermediate nanocomposite coatings (2004)

A sputtered nanocomposite coating was used to improve the lifetime of thermal spray instrumentation used in gas turbine engine applications. This sputtered coating was deposited directly onto a thermal sprayed bond coat so that the thermal expansion coefficient (TCE) of the metallic bond coat could be better matched to the ceramic overcoat into which the instrumentation was embedded. An optimized coating consisting of 20 wt% alumina and 80 wt% NiCoCrAlY yielded the greatest improvement in instrumentation lifetime and was based on an earlier combinatorial chemistry study. Electron microscopy revealed an ultafine dispersion of the metallic particles in a ceramic matrix that was extremely effective in reducing interfacial stress by reducing the thermal expansion mismatch between the NiCoCrAlY bond coat and the alumina overcoat. The peak to valley distance of the rough bond coat was also reduced using this approach and the lifetimes of thermal spray instrumentation were improved by more than 50% when cycled between room temperature and 1200°C. Copyright 2004 by ISA.
Achiral liquid crystals with an anticlinic smectic C structure (2000)

Abstract The mesomorphic properties of two series of new achiral symmetrically-substituted (”swallow-tailed”) liquid crystals are presented. The branched-alkyl 4-(4′-alkyloxybiphenyl-4-carbonyloxy)-3-fluorobenzoates form me anticlinic smectic C (SmCalt) phase which is found to be miscible with the SmCA* phase of standard antiferroelectric materials. The effect of variations in the lengths of both the branched and unbranched chains on the occurrence of the SmCalt, phase was investigated and the significance of the size of the swallowtail moiety on the formation of the SmCalt phase is discussed. Key Words: achiralanticlinicswallow-tailedmiscibility
Confounding effects of imaging gradients in stimulated echo: case of diffusion exchange imaging (2016)

Frontiers Events is a rapidly growing calendar management system dedicated to the scheduling of academic events. This includes announcements and invitations, participant listings and search functionality, abstract handling and publication, related events and post-event exchanges. Whether an organizer or participant, make your event a Frontiers Event!
Adaptive Energy-Aware Computation Offloading for Cloud of Things Systems (2017)

Cloud computing has become the de facto computing platform for application processing in the era of the Internet of Things (IoT). However, limitations of the cloud model, such as the high transmission latency and high costs are giving birth to a new computing paradigm called edge computing (a.k.a fog computing). Fog computing aims to move the data processing close to the network edge so as to reduce Internet traffic. However, since the servers at the fog layer are not as powerful as the ones in the cloud, there is a need to balance the data processing in between the fog and the cloud. Moreover, besides the data offloading issue, the energy efficiency of fog computing nodes has become an increasing concern. Densely deployed fog nodes are a major source of carbon footprint in IoT systems. To reduce the usage of the brown energy resources (e.g. powered by energy produced through fossil fuels), green energy is an alternative option. In this paper, we propose employing dual energy sources for supporting the fog nodes, where solar power is the primary energy supply and grid power is the backup supply. Based on that, we present a comprehensive analytic framework for incorporating green energy sources to support the running of IoT and fog computingbased systems, and to handle the tradeoff in terms of average response time, average monetary, and energy costs in the IoT. This paper describes an online algorithm, Lyapunov optimization on time and energy cost (LOTEC), based on the technique of Lyapunov optimization. LOTEC is a quantified near optimal solution and is able to make control decision on application offloading by adjusting the two-way tradeoff between average response time and average cost. We evaluate the performance of our proposed algorithm by a number of experiments. Rigorous analysis and simulations have demonstrated its performance.
Defensin Promotes the Binding of Lipoprotein(a) to Vascular Matrix (1999)

Retention of lipoproteins within the vasculature is a central event in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. However, the signals that mediate this process are only partially understood. Prompted by putative links between inflammation and atherosclerosis, we previously reported that alpha-defensins released by neutrophils are present in human atherosclerotic lesions and promote the binding of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] to vascular cells without a concomitant increase in degradation. We have now tested the hypothesis that this accumulation results from the propensity of defensin to form stable complexes with Lp(a) that divert the lipoprotein from its normal cellular degradative pathways to the extracellular matrix (ECM). In accord with this hypothesis, defensin stimulated the binding of Lp(a) to vascular matrices approximately 40-fold and binding of the reactants to the matrix was essentially irreversible. Defensin formed stable, multivalent complexes with Lp(a) and with its components, apoprotein (a) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), as assessed by optical biosensor analysis, gel filtration, and immunoelectron microscopy. Binding of defensin/Lp(a) complexes to matrix was inhibited (>90%) by heparin and by antibodies to fibronectin (>70%), but not by antibodies to vitronectin or thrombospondin. Defensin increased the binding of Lp(a) (10 nmol/L) to purified fibronectin more than 30-fold. Whereas defensin and Lp(a) readily traversed the endothelial cell membranes individually, defensin/Lp(a) complexes lodged on the cell surface. These studies demonstrate that alpha-defensins released from activated or senescent neutrophils stimulate the binding of an atherogenic lipoprotein to the ECM of endothelial cells, a process that may contribute to lipoprotein accumulation in atherosclerotic lesions.
An in-vivo validation study of ultrasonic strain imaging - a comparison of strain derived by ultrasonic strain rate imaging, grey-scale M-mode and MRI (2004)

Strain rate imaging (SRI) is a new method to quantify regional myocardial deformation. It has been validated against other technique. However, these studies have been limited to validating peak strain values. As the temporal evolution of the strain curve is believed to contain important information on the functional consequences of regional pathology, we compared the complete strain curve as measured by SRI with the curves obtained by ultrasound gray-scale M-mode and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In 10 healthy volunteers and 20 patients with chronic ischaemic heart disease, radial deformation of the infero-lateral segment of the left ventricle was measured by ultrasound SRI, ultrasound M-mode and MRI. The correspondence of the temporal characteristics of these strain curves were compared by defining an intra-class correlation coefficient. In normal volunteers, an overall good agreement was found between the different methods. In patients with abnormal segmented deformation and low peak strain values, the agreement was less. However it remained within clinical acceptable limits. SRI, measuring myocardial deformation, thus provides an appropriate tool for the non-invasive assessment of regional myocardial deformation throughout the complete cardiac cycle.