gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intracellular Actions of Group IIA Secreted Phospholipase A2 and Group IVA Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 Contribute to Arachidonic Acid Release and Prostaglandin Production in Rat Gastric Mucosal Cells and Transfected Human Embryonic Kidney Cells (2006)

Gastric epithelial cells liberate prostaglandin E(2) in response to cytokines as part of the process of healing of gastric lesions. Treatment of the rat gastric epithelial cell line RGM1 with transforming growth factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta leads to synergistic release of arachidonate and production of prostaglandin E(2). Results with highly specific and potent phospholipase A(2) inhibitors and with small interfering RNA show that cytosolic phospholipase A(2)-alpha and group IIA secreted phospholipase A(2) contribute to arachidonate release from cytokine-stimulated RGM1 cells. In the late phase of arachidonate release, group IIA secreted phospholipase A(2) is induced (detected at the mRNA and protein levels), and the action of cytosolic phospholipase A(2)-alpha is required for this induction. Results with RGM1 cells and group IIA secreted phospholipase A(2)-transfected HEK293 cells show that the group IIA phospholipase acts prior to externalization from the cells. RGM1 cells also express group XIIA secreted phospholipase A(2), but this enzyme is not regulated by cytokines nor does it contribute to arachidonate release. The other eight secreted phospholipases A(2) were not detected in RGM1 cells at the mRNA level. These results clearly show that cytosolic and group IIA secreted phospholipases A(2) work together to liberate arachidonate from RGM1 cell phospholipids in response to cytokines.
Spatial Resolution of Suprachoroidal–Transretinal Stimulation Estimated by Recording Single-Unit Activity From the Cat Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (2021)

Retinal prostheses are devices used to restore visual sensation in patients suffering from photoreceptor degeneration, such as retinitis pigmentosa. Suprachoroidal-transretinal stimulation (STS) is a prosthesis with retinal electrodes located in the sclera. STS has the advantage that it is safer than epiretinal or subretinal prostheses, as the implant is not directly attached to the retinal tissue. We have previously reported feasibility of STS with animal experiments and clinical trials. However, functional evaluation with neurophysiological experiments is still largely missing. To estimate the spatial resolution of STS, single-unit activities in response to STS were recorded from relay cells in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of cats, and the response probability of the units was analyzed in relation to the distance between the stimulus location and the receptive field of each recorded unit. A platinum electrode was attached to the sclera after lamellar resection, and the return electrode was placed in the vitreous. The stimulating current, which ranged from 50 to 500 μA, was applied between these electrodes, and the probability of spike responses occurring just after retinal stimulation was measured. The distance at half-maximum of response was determined from the collected response probabilities as a function of stimulus intensity for all units characterized by their distances from the receptive field center to the stimulation point. As the stimulation became weaker, this distance decreased to 1.8° at 150 and 100 μA. As another estimation, the radius of 25% response probability was 1.4° at 100 μA. The diameter of the stimulated cat retinal area, 3.6° or 2.8°, corresponds to human visual acuity of 0.005 or 0.007, or finger counting. Considering the lower hazard to the retina of STS and its potentially large visual field coverage, STS is an attractive method for retinal prosthetic device development.
Frontiers in urethra regeneration: current state and future perspective (2020)

Despite the positive achievements attained, the treatment of male urethral strictures and hypospadiases still remains a challenge, particularly in cases of severe urethral defects. Complications and the need for additional interventions in such cases are common. Also, shortage of autologous tissue for graft harvesting and significant morbidity in the location of harvesting present problems and often lead to staged treatment. Tissue engineering provides a promising alternative to the current sources of grafts for urethroplasty. Since the first experiments in urethral substitution with tissue engineered grafts, this topic in regenerative medicine has grown remarkably, as many different types of tissue-engineered grafts and approaches in graft design have been suggested and tested<i>in vivo</i>. However, there have been only a few clinical trials of tissue-engineered grafts in urethral substitution, involving hardly more than a hundred patients overall. This indicates that the topic is still in its inception, and the search for the best graft design is continuing. The current review focuses on the state of the art in urethral regeneration with tissue engineering technology. It gives a comprehensive overview of the components of the tissue-engineered graft and an overview of the steps in graft development. Different cell sources, types of scaffolds, assembling approaches, options for vascularization enhancement and preclinical models are considered.
Learned SPARCOM: unfolded deep super-resolution microscopy (2020)

The use of photo-activated fluorescent molecules to create long sequences of low emitter-density diffraction-limited images enables high-precision emitter localization, but at the cost of low temporal resolution. We suggest combining SPARCOM, a recent high-performing classical method, with model-based deep learning, using the algorithm unfolding approach, to design a compact neural network incorporating domain knowledge. Our results show that we can obtain super-resolution imaging from a small number of high emitter density frames without knowledge of the optical system and across different test sets using the proposed learned SPARCOM (LSPARCOM) network. We believe LSPARCOM can pave the way to interpretable, efficient live-cell imaging in many settings, and find broad use in single molecule localization microscopy of biological structures.
Recombinant shuttle vectors for the study of mutation in mammalian cells (1988)

Journal Article Recombinant shuttle vectors for the study of mutation in mammalian cells Get access Robert B. DuBridge, Robert B. DuBridge Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of MedicineStanford, CA 94305, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michele P. Calos Michele P. Calos 2 Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of MedicineStanford, CA 94305, USA 2To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mutagenesis, Volume 3, Issue 1, January 1988, Pages 1–9, https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/3.1.1 Published: 01 January 1988 Article history Received: 27 August 1987 Accepted: 06 October 1987 Published: 01 January 1988
Performance of alternately iterative digital self-interference canceler for OFDM using full duplex (2017)

In full duplex (FD), which improves frequency efficiency and achieves flexible resource assignment between the uplink and downlink, self-interference (SI) from a transmitter should be suppressed by using antenna isolation, an analog SI canceler, and digital SI canceler (DSIC) to a level such that the data or control channel satisfies the required block error rate (BLER). This paper proposes an alternately iterative DSIC (AI-DSIC) structure for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) using FD. We first present the required SI suppression level considering SI, quantization noise of an analog-to-digital converter, and nonlinear distortions of a power amplifier and RF receiver circuitries for a direct conversion transceiver using FD. Then, we propose an AI-DSIC structure that iterates alternately the generation of the SI estimate, the downlink symbol estimate, and removal of each from the received signal in the downlink including SI. We investigate the average BLER performance of the AI-DSIC for OFDM using FD based on link-level simulations under the condition that the derived required signal-to-SI ratio is satisfied.
Incorporate Day-ahead Robustness and Real-time Incentives for Electricity Market Design (2022)

In this paper, we propose a two-stage electricity market framework to explore the participation of distributed energy resources (DERs) in a day-ahead (DA) market and a real-time (RT) market. The objective is to determine the optimal bidding strategies of the aggregated DERs in the DA market and generate online incentive signals for DER-owners to optimize the social welfare taking into account network operational constraints. Distributionally robust optimization is used to explicitly incorporate data-based statistical information of renewable forecasts into the supply/demand decisions in the DA market. We evaluate the conservativeness of bidding strategies distinguished by different risk aversion settings. In the RT market, a bi-level time-varying optimization problem is proposed to design the online incentive signals to tradeoff the RT imbalance penalty for distribution system operators (DSOs) and the costs of individual DER-owners. This enables tracking their optimal dispatch to provide fast balancing services, in the presence of time-varying network states while satisfying the voltage regulation requirement. Simulation results on both DA wholesale market and RT balancing market demonstrate the necessity of this two-stage design, and its robustness to uncertainties, the performance of convergence, the tracking ability, and the feasibility of the resulting network operations.
Natural fiber composites based on flax - matrix effects (2001)

The main objective of this study is to select the best resin/fiber combination considering matrix/fiber compatibility, stiffness, strength and fracture toughness of the natural fiber composites (NFC). These properties are measured and compared with respect to the reference material – glass mat thermoplastic (GMT). Five different thermoset resins were used to manufacture NFC by resin transfer molding. GMT with polypropylene as a matrix was manufactured by compression molding. This investigation shows that NFC have mechanical properties as high as GMT or even higher in some cases. Such good mechanical properties in combination with light weight makes use of NFC very attractive for automotive industry. The composite performance is analyzed in terms of constituent properties and interface quality.
Reimagining Ride Sharing: Efficient, Equitable, Sustainable Public Microtransit (2020)

This article approaches ride sharing from the perspectives of equity and sustainability. A lack of transportation access exacerbates the challenges faced by transportation-disadvantaged individuals and communities, reducing opportunities for employment and civic engagement. This article presents a vision for public microtransit geared toward addressing today's disparities in transportation access. Through a methodology focused on user requirements and values, a user experience promoting cooperation, and an equity-based optimal resource allocation, it shows how cooperative ride sharing can realize an efficient, equitable, and sustainable public microtransit system.
Reactions of the Immune System in Chronic Degenerative Neurological Diseases (1991)

Elements consistent with a cell mediated immune response were identified immunohistochemically in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) spinal cord and Alzheimer disease (AD) hippocampus. T helper/inducer and cytotoxic/suppressor lymphocytes were detected in affected tissues in both diseases. In addition, abundant reactive microglia were found expressing the major histocompatibility glycoproteins HLA-A,B,C and HLA-DR, as well as receptors for the Fc chain (Fc gamma R1), for complement 3 and 4, and for vitronectin. In AD, the complement proteins C1q, C4d, C3d and C5b-9 were found on dystrophic neurites, neuropile threads and some neurofibrillary tangles. In ALS, the only complement proteins identified were C4d and C3d. The integrin ligands vitronectin and ICAM-1 were also identified in affected tissues in both diseases.
ENDOUROLOGICAL MANAGEMENT OF A LARGE DISTAL URETERAL CALCULUS IN A PATIENT WITH URETEROSIGMOIDOSTOMY DIVERSION (1998)

No AccessJournal of UrologyClinical Urology: Case Reports1 Jun 1998ENDOUROLOGICAL MANAGEMENT OF A LARGE DISTAL URETERAL CALCULUS IN A PATIENT WITH URETEROSIGMOIDOSTOMY DIVERSION KEVIN B. FITZGERALD, PETER ASLAN, and GLENN M. PREMINGER KEVIN B. FITZGERALDKEVIN B. FITZGERALD More articles by this author , PETER ASLANPETER ASLAN More articles by this author , and GLENN M. PREMINGERGLENN M. PREMINGER More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(01)63259-2AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "ENDOUROLOGICAL MANAGEMENT OF A LARGE DISTAL URETERAL CALCULUS IN A PATIENT WITH URETEROSIGMOIDOSTOMY DIVERSION." The Journal of Urology, 159(6), pp. 2081–2082 References 1 : Ectopia vesicae (absence of anterior walls of the bladder and pubic abdominal parietes): operation for directing the orifices of the ureters into the rectum; temporary success; sudden death; autopsy. Lancet1852; 2: 568. Google Scholar 2 : Ureterosigmoidostomy: is it a viable procedure in the age of continent urinary diversion and bladder substitution. J. Urol.1995; 153: 1429. Abstract, Google Scholar 3 : Complications of ureteroileal conduit with radical cystectomy: review of 336 cases. J. Urol.1980; 124: 797. Link, Google Scholar 4 : Selective minimally invasive management of calculi in patients with urinary diversions. J. Urol.1994; 152: 1091. Link, Google Scholar 5 : Endourologic management of ureterosigmoidostomy anastamotic stricture. J. Endourol.1997; 11: 135. Google Scholar From the Duke Comprehensive Kidney Stone Center, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina© 1998 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 159Issue 6June 1998Page: 2081-2082 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1998 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information KEVIN B. FITZGERALD More articles by this author PETER ASLAN More articles by this author GLENN M. PREMINGER More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
MA-DST: Multi-Attention-Based Scalable Dialog State Tracking (2020)

Task oriented dialog agents provide a natural language interface for users to complete their goal. Dialog State Tracking (DST), which is often a core component of these systems, tracks the system's understanding of the user's goal throughout the conversation. To enable accurate multi-domain DST, the model needs to encode dependencies between past utterances and slot semantics and understand the dialog context, including long-range cross-domain references. We introduce a novel architecture for this task to encode the conversation history and slot semantics more robustly by using attention mechanisms at multiple granularities. In particular, we use cross-attention to model relationships between the context and slots at different semantic levels and self-attention to resolve cross-domain coreferences. In addition, our proposed architecture does not rely on knowing the domain ontologies beforehand and can also be used in a zero-shot setting for new domains or unseen slot values. Our model improves the joint goal accuracy by 5% (absolute) in the full-data setting and by up to 2% (absolute) in the zero-shot setting over the present state-of-the-art on the MultiWoZ 2.1 dataset.
Estimating Pigment Concentrations from Spectral Images Using an Encoder&#x2013;Decoder Neural Network (2020)

A method is proposed to estimate the concentration of pigments mixed in a painting, using the encoder&#x2010;decoder model of neural networks. The model is trained to output a value that is the same as its input, and its middle output extracts a certain feature as compressed information about the input. In this instance, the input and output are spectral data of a painting. The model is trained with pigment concentration as the middle output. A dataset containing the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient of each of 19 pigments was used. The Kubelka&#x2010;Munk theory was applied to the coefficients to obtain many patterns of synthetic spectral data, which were used for training. The proposed method was tested using spectral images of 33 paintings, which showed that the method estimates, with high accuracy, the concentrations that have a similar spectrum of the target pigments.
Influenza vaccination in patients with heart failure (2022)

INPLASY202210115.
Chain “stationary” insertion mechanism and production of isotactic polypropylene with C1 symmetric catalyst systems (2006)

In this contribution, the stereochemistry of propylene insertion/propagation reactions with a variety of C 1 symmetric metallocene catalysts, containing bridged cyclopentadienyl-fluorenyl ligand for the preparation of highly stereoregular polypropylene is presented. The impact of the distal substitutent’s size and composition and changes that the catalytic sites undergo upon such substitution is elaborated. A comprehensive mechanism is proposed to explain the resulting catalytic changes that bring about the irreversible C s/C 1 site transformation and tactic behavior inversion. Furthermore the cyclopentadienyl’s combined distal/proximal and fluorenyl’s frontal substituent effects on molecular weight, regio-, and stereoregularity of the final polymers are discussed. Finally, stereoselectivities of C 2 and C 1 symmetric catalyst systems are compared. It is shown that current high performance C 1 symmetric catalyst systems with central site chirality can be isotactic selective as well or even better in certain aspects than the C 2 symmetric bridged bisindenyl-based metallocene catalysts.
Automatic recognition of numerical modulation: comparison of various neural networks and other classifiers (1995)

International audience
Ring‐opening polymerization of substituted ε‐caprolactones with a chiral (salen) AlOiPr complex (2006)

Abstract The ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of ε‐caprolactone (ε‐CL), 4‐methyl‐ε‐caprolactone (4‐MeCL), and 6‐methyl‐ε‐caprolactone (6‐MeCL) with a single‐site chiral initiator, R,R ′‐(salen) aluminum isopropoxide ( R,R ′‐[1]), was investigated. The kinetic data for the ROP of the three monomers at 90° in toluene corresponded to first‐order reactions in the monomer and propagation rate constants of k ε‐CL &gt; k 4‐MeCL ≫ k 6‐MeCL . A notable stereoselectivity with a preference for the R ‐enantiomer was observed in the ROP of 6‐MeCL with R,R ′‐[1], whereas for 4‐MeCL, no stereoselectivity was found. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 429–436, 2007.
Identification of FDA-approved bifonazole as a SARS-CoV-2 blocking agent following a bioreporter drug screen (2022)

We established a split nanoluciferase complementation assay to rapidly screen for inhibitors that interfere with binding of the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike glycoprotein with its target receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). After a screen of 1,200 US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved compounds, we identified bifonazole, an imidazole-based antifungal agent, as a competitive inhibitor of RBD-ACE2 binding. Mechanistically, bifonazole binds ACE2 around residue K353, which prevents association with the RBD, affecting entry and replication of spike-pseudotyped viruses as well as native SARS-CoV-2 and its variants of concern (VOCs). Intranasal administration of bifonazole reduces lethality in K18-hACE2 mice challenged with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-spike by 40%, with a similar benefit after live SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Our screen identified an antiviral agent that is effective against SARS-CoV-2 and VOCs such as Omicron that employ the same receptor to infect cells and therefore has high potential to be repurposed to control, treat, or prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Effect of Composition Rate on Erbium Silicide Work Function on Different Silicon Surface Orientation (2013)

Electrical and physical properties of ErSi x on n-type Si(100) (111) and (551) surfaces are reported. The ErSi x density affects the work function of ErSi x . A controlling the composition ratio of Er and Si is a key parameter for a reducing contact resistance for high performance MISFETs. These silicidation reactions are very important to develop the high current drivability devices using any surface orientation.
Temperature Measurements in a Linear Generator and Marine Substation for Wave Power (2011)

This paper analyzes temperature measurements acquired in the offshore operation of a wave energy converter array. The three directly driven wave energy converters have linear generators and are connected to a marine substation placed on the seabed. The highly irregular individual linear generator voltages are rectified and added on a common dc-link and inverted to 50 Hz to facilitate future grid-connection. The electrical power is transmitted to shore and converted to heat in a measuring station. The first results of temperature measurements on substation components and on the stator of one of the linear generators are presented based on operation in linear and in nonlinear damping. The results indicate that there might be some convective heat transfer in the substation vessel. If high power levels are extracted from the waves, this has to be considered when placing components in the substation vessel in order to avoid heating from neighboring components. The results also indicate that the temperature increase in the linear generator stator is very small. Failure due to excessive heating of the stator winding polyvinyl chloride cable insulation is unlikely to occur even in very energetic sea states. Should this conclusion be incorrect, the thermal conductivity between the stator and the hull of the wave energy converter could be enhanced. Another suggested alteration is to lower the resistive losses by reducing the linear generator current density.
Incentives for Truthful Reporting in Crowdsourcing (Extended Abstract) (2012)

A challenge with the programmatic access of human talent via crowdsourcing platforms is the specification of incentives and the checking of the quality of contributions. Methodologies for checking quality include providing a payment if the work is approved by the task owner and hiring additional workers to evaluate contributors’ work. Both of these approaches place a burden on people and on the organizations commissioning tasks, and may be susceptible to manipulation by workers and task owners. Moreover, neither a task owner nor the task market may know the task well enough to be able to evaluate worker reports. Methodologies for incentivizing workers without external quality checking include rewards based on agreement with a peer worker or with the final output of the system. These approaches are vulnerable to strategic manipulations by workers. Recent experiments on Mechanical Turk have demonstrated the negative influence of manipulations by workers and task owners on crowdsourcing systems [3]. We address this central challenge by introducing incentive mechanisms that promote truthful reporting in crowdsourcing and discourage manipulation by workers and task owners without introducing additional overhead. We focus on a large class of crowdsourcing tasks that we refer to as consensus tasks. Consensus tasks are aimed at determining a single correct answer or a set of correct answers to a question or challenge based on reports collected from workers. These tasks include numerous applications where multiple reports collected from people are used to make decisions. We adapt the peer prediction rule [4] to formulate a payment rule that incentivizes workers to contribute to
Wall shear stress and progenitor cell phenotype maintenance during 3D bioreactor perfusion (2012)

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