gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional regulation of the MUC1 mucin gene in colon carcinoma cells by a soluble factor. Identification of a regulatory element. (1994)

We have investigated a mechanism of the regulation of mucin core polypeptide (MUC1) gene expression, which is induced by a soluble stimulatory factor, in KM12C human colon carcinoma cells. Conditioned media from normal human colon tissues elevated the level of expression of MUC1 mRNA. Transcriptional activation of the MUC1 gene was analyzed by transient expression of MUC1-CAT reporter plasmids containing the 5'-flanking sequence of the MUC1 gene fused to the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene. A region between base pairs -531 and -520 of the 5'-flanking sequence of the MUC1 gene was sufficient for the induction of CAT activity by normal colon conditioned medium (NCCM). Mutagenesis of 3 base pairs within the region corresponding to sequence -531 to -517 from ACAGGGAGCGGTTAG to ACAGGGAGATTTTAG substantially decreased the induction of CAT activity by NCCM. Nuclear extracts from untreated or NCCM-treated KM12C cells were tested for their interaction with 32P-labeled oligonucleotides corresponding to this sequence. A specifically retarded band was identified after electrophoretic analysis. The quantity or mobility of this band was not changed by NCCM treatment. When an oligonucleotide with three point mutations was used as a competitor, the retarded band remained at the same position. This element (positions -531 to -520), which we call the responsive mucin element, does not contain any sequence that corresponds to previously described cis-acting elements. A protein component complexed with this sequence was identified with a molecular mass of approximately 70 kDa by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
Regrowth of GaN on Strain-relief porous GaN template fabricated by Anodized Alumina Oxide mask (2017)

The growth of Gallium nitride on sapphire substrate generated a high density of threading dislocations in the order of ~108-109 /cm2. In this work, porous GaN template with different pore sizes was generated using Anodized Alumina oxide mask prepared by anodization with set voltage ranging from 40 V to 100V. Inductive coupled plasma etching generated porous GaN using the oxide mask. The etched pores have an estimated depth of 150 nm and the pores diameter range from 35 nm to 150 nm. Regrowth of GaN with embedded air voids provide a strain relaxed overgrown GaN layer with dislocation annihilation at the voids region. High resolution X-ray rocking curves at the symmetrical plane (002), (004) and (006) was obtained for the overgrown GaN demonstrate a significant reduction in FWHM for overgrown GaN on porous GaN template as compared to conventional GaN template. Dislocation density reduction estimated using Ayer model revealed an order of magnitude reduction of screw and mixed dislocation to higher order of 107cm-2 for overgrown on porous GaN with size of 70 nm to 100nm. Pits density counts which can be correlated to threading dislocations in the materials shows that the regrowth GaN samples on strain relief GaN has an order of magnitude lower pits density as compared to that conventional GaN sample.
FGF Inhibition Directs BMP4-Mediated Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells to Syncytiotrophoblast (2012)

Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling is known to support differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into mesoderm and extraembryonic lineages, whereas other signaling pathways can largely influence this lineage specification. Here, we set out to reinvestigate the influence of ACTIVIN/NODAL and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) pathways on the lineage choices made by hESCs during BMP4-driven differentiation. We show that BMP activation, coupled with inhibition of both ACTIVIN/NODAL and FGF signaling, induces differentiation of hESCs, specifically to βhCG hormone-secreting multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast and does not support induction of embryonic and extraembryonic lineages, extravillous trophoblast, and primitive endoderm. It has been previously reported that FGF2 can switch BMP4-induced hESC differentiation outcome to mesendoderm. Here, we show that FGF inhibition alone, or in combination with either ACTIVIN/NODAL inhibition or BMP activation, supports hESC differentiation to hCG-secreting syncytiotrophoblast. We show that the inhibition of the FGF pathway acts as a key in directing BMP4-mediated hESC differentiation to syncytiotrophoblast.
Azobrücken aus Azinen, I. Isopyrazole als elektronenarme Diene zur Synthese von 2,3‐Diazabicyclo[2.2.1]heptenen (1984)

Abstract Es wird ein allgemeines Prinzip zur [4 ⊕ + 2]‐Cycloaddition beschrieben, bei dem protonierte cyclische Azine als elektronenarme Diene in einer Diels‐Alder‐Reaktion mit inversem Elektronenbedarf mit elektronenreichen Olefinen reagieren. Als Beispiele dienen die Derivate 2a und 2b des Isopyrazols. Die katalytische Aktivität verschiedener Säuren wird studiert und die Reversibilität der Cycloaddition nachgewiesen. Es sind auch Cycloaddukte ( endo ‐ 14a und endo ‐ 14b ) mit parallelen C = C/N = N‐Bindungen zugänglich, die charakteristische UV‐ und NMR‐Spektren zeigen.
New Approaches for Studying Synaptic Development, Function, and Plasticity UsingDrosophilaas a Model System (2013)

The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has been established as a premier experimental model system for neuroscience research. These organisms are genetically tractable, yet their nervous systems are sufficiently complex to study diverse processes that are conserved across metazoans, including neural cell fate determination and migration, axon guidance, synaptogenesis and function, behavioral neurogenetics, and responses to neuronal injury. For several decades, Drosophila neuroscientists have taken advantage of a vast toolkit of genetic and molecular techniques to reveal fundamental principles of neuroscience illuminating to all systems, including the first behavioral mutants from Seymour Benzer's pioneering work in the 1960s and 1970s, the cloning of the first potassium channel in the 1980s, and the identification of the core genes that orchestrate axon guidance and circadian rhythms in the 1990s. Over the past decade, new tools and innovations in genetic, imaging, and electrophysiological technologies have enabled the visualization, in vivo, of dynamic processes in synapses with unprecedented resolution. We will review some of the fresh insights into synaptic development, function, and plasticity that have recently emerged in Drosophila with an emphasis on the unique advantages of this model system.
BIOM-22. EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR (EGFR) AS A MOLECULAR DETERMINANT OF GLIOBLASTOMA RESPONSE TO DOPAMINE RECEPTOR 2 (DRD2) INHIBITORS (2020)

Abstract BACKGROUND There are ongoing clinical trials exploring the efficacy of dopamine receptor 2 (DRD2) inhibition against glioblastomas, the most common primary brain tumor. Here we examine potential molecular determinants of this efficacy. METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) glioblastoma database and other published mRNA profiles were used to analyze the DRD2 and EGFR expression pattern. In vitro and in vivo responses to DRD2 inhibitors were determined using patient derived xenograft (PDX) glioblastoma models. Immunohistochemical studies were performed on clinically annotated glioblastoma samples derived from patients treated with ONC201, a DRD2 inhibitor. RESULTS Analysis of clinical glioblastoma specimens derived from independent patient cohorts revealed an inverse correlation between EGFR and DRD mRNA expression, with implication that signaling mediated by these proteins shares overlapping functions. In independent panels of PDX glioblastoma lines, high EGFR expression was associated with poor in vitro and in vivo response to DRD2 inhibitors, including haloperidol and ONC201. Moreover, ectopic expression of a constitutively active EGFR, EGFRvIII, suppressed glioblastoma sensitivity to ONC201. DRD2 expression positively correlated with expression of rate-limiting enzymes for dopamine synthesis as well as dopamine secretion, suggesting contribution of autocrine DRD2 signaling. Analysis of specimens from patients treated with ONC201 (n = 15) showed an inverse correlation between the intensity of EGFR staining and clinical response. The median overall survival for patients with high and low EGFR staining was 162 and 373 days, respectively (p = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS High EGFR expression is a determinant of poor glioblastoma response to DRD2. This finding should inform future clinical trial designs.
Insights into Human Lck SH3 Domain Binding Specificity:  Different Binding Modes of Artificial and Native Ligands (2005)

We analyzed the ligand binding specificity of the lymphocyte specific kinase (Lck) SH3 domain. We identified artificial Lck SH3 ligands using phage display. In addition, we analyzed Lck SH3 binding sites within known natural Lck SH3 binding proteins using an Lck specific binding assay on membrane-immobilized synthetic peptides. On one hand, from the phage-selected peptides, representing mostly special class I' ligands, a well-defined consensus sequence was obtained. Interestingly, a histidine outside the central polyproline motif contributes significantly to Lck SH3 binding affinity and specificity. On the other hand, we confirmed previously mapped Lck SH3 binding sites in ADAM15, HS1, SLP76, and NS5A, and identified putative Lck SH3 binding sites of Sam68, FasL, c-Cbl, and Cbl-b. Without exception, the comparatively diverse Lck SH3 binding sites of all analyzed natural Lck SH3 binding proteins emerged as class II proteins. Possible explanations for the observed variations between artificial and native ligands-which are not due to significant K(D) value differences as shown by calculating Lck SH3 affinities of artificial peptide PD1-Y(-3)R as well as for peptides comprising putative Lck SH3 binding sites of NS5A, Sos, and Sam68-are discussed. Our data suggest that phage display, a popular tool for determining SH3 binding specificity, must-at least in the case of Lck-not irrevocably mirror physiologically relevant protein-ligand interactions.
General Unified Dynamic Phasor (2017)

Very often the dynamics of AC circuits such as AC power converters, AC power circuits (filters, power lines, etc.), AC motors, and inductive power transfer (IPT) systems should be identified to design the main circuit and controller. In this chapter, phasor transformation theory applied to the static analysis of linear AC converters is extended to the dynamic analysis of linear AC converters. A complex Laplace transformation is adopted for the dynamic analysis of phasor transformed AC converters. It is rigorously verified by mathematics and simulations that any linear AC converter dynamics can be completely explored by the proposed complex Laplace transformation together with the conventional phasor transformation. This “unified general dynamic phasor” is a good analytical tool for IPT dynamics study. This chapter is based on the paper by C.B. Park, S.W. Lee, and C.T. Rim, “Static and dynamic analyses of three-phase rectifier with LC input filter by Laplace phasor transformation,” in IEEE ECCE 2012, September 2012, pp. 1570–1577.
Full Characterization of a Three-Photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger State Using Quantum State Tomography (2005)

We have performed the first experimental tomographic reconstruction of a three-photon polarization state. Quantum state tomography is a powerful tool for fully describing the density matrix of a quantum system. We measured 64 three-photon polarization correlations and used a ``maximum-likelihood'' reconstruction method to reconstruct the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state. The entanglement class has been characterized using an entanglement witness operator and the maximum predicted values for the Mermin inequality were extracted.
Imputation of streaming low-rank tensor data (2014)

Unraveling latent structure by means of multilinear models of tensor data is of paramount importance in timely inference tasks encountered with `Big Data' analytics. However, increasingly noisy, heterogeneous, and incomplete datasets as well as the need for real-time processing of streaming data pose major challenges to this end. The present paper introduces a novel online (adaptive) algorithm to decompose low-rank tensors with missing entries, and perform imputation as a byproduct. The novel estimator minimizes an exponentially-weighted least-squares fitting error along with a separable regularizer of the PARAFAC decomposition factors, to trade-off fidelity for complexity of the approximation captured by the decomposition's rank. Leveraging stochastic gradient descent iterations, a scalable, real-time algorithm is developed and its convergence is established under simplifying technical assumptions. Simulated tests with cardiac magnetic resonance imagery (MRI) data confirm the efficacy of the proposed algorithm in imputing up to 75% missing entries.
Elastin in Systemic and Pulmonary Hypertension (2007)

Increased elastin production and accumulation is a rapid and sensitive response to elevated vascular wall stress in both systemic and pulmonary hypertension. While initially protecting the vessel wall, these structural changes may in the longer term result in reinforcement of the hypertensive state and contribute to the persistence of the pathology of hypertension. Rapid responses apparently uncorrelated with increased elastin mRNA, at least in the case of systemic vessels, suggest novel mechanisms perhaps including increased efficiency of message translation or matrix accumulation of the protein. Investigations using in vitro organ and cell culture models have indicated a role for phospholipases and protein kinases, including protein kinase C, in stretch-induced elastin synthesis. In addition, tyrosine phosphorylation of membrane/sub-membrane/cytoskeletal sensors, including focal adhesion kinase and members of the lipocortin family, have been shown to be important in this transduction mechanism. Because its turnover is normally very slow, additional vascular elastin accumulated during hypertensive episodes, together with its consequences for the physical properties of the vessel wall, may persist long after blood pressure is restored to normal levels. Thus, recent interest has been drawn to the possibility of achieving regression of accumulated matrix elastin by promoting turnover of this protein through activation of endogenous vascular elastase and collagenase activities.
Strategies for fabricating strong-confinement microring filters and circuits (2007)

We describe strategies for fabricating strong-confinement microring filters and circuits, and assert that techniques specifically tailored to microphotonics requirements provide a more efficient path to commercialization than techniques developed for semiconductor electronics.
Context dependent feature groups, a proposal for object representation (1997)

The usefulness of contextually guided processors is investigated a little further. A more general use for binding V1 cell responses than the one in Phillips &amp; Singer's target article is proposed, which takes into account that strong responses of these cells can mean more than the presence of lines and edges. The possibility of different grouping depending on the activities of neighboring cells is essential to the approach.
Nondestructive defect delineation in SiC wafers based on an optical stress technique (2002)

The potential of using the optical stress technique to delineate the various defects in silicon carbide (SiC) wafers has been fully demonstrated. The observed defects include micropipes, dislocations, stress striations, grain boundary or dislocation walls, and regions of polytype nonuniformity. Revealed dislocation density is in the range 104–105 cm−2.
Alteration of chromosome arm 6p is characteristic of primary mediastinal B‐cell lymphoma, as identified by genome‐wide allelotyping (2001)

Five cases of primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBL) each have been studied with 375 microsatellite markers from all 22 autosomes. Of the 151 genomic alterations among the 1,875 assays, only five were allelic losses. The remainder of the microsatellite alterations consisted of 114 allelic imbalances and 32 instabilities. Microsatellite alterations were found in all cases on chromosomal arms 6p and 9p. These allelic imbalances most likely are indicative of genetic amplification, a finding agreeing well with those of studies using either comparative genomic hybridization or arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction, in which amplification of chromosome arm 9p in PMBL has been found. The allelic imbalances on chromosome arm 6p always included marker D6S276 located at 6p21.3-p22.3, where the MHC class I genes reside. These allelic imbalances may be reflective of alterations in the expression of the MHC gene products, characteristic of PMBL. Allelic anomalies close to the MYB gene locus on 6q were detected in two cases and prompted the analysis of MYB rearrangements in a series of 30 lymphomas. One rearrangement was detected in one of 18 cases of PMBL and in none of 10 diffuse, large B-cell lymphomas and two T-cell lymphomas. Our genome-wide microsatellite analysis provides independent confirmation that PMBL is characterized by infrequent chromosomal losses and by frequent genetic alterations involving chromosomal arm 9p. For the first time, chromosomal arm 6p has been identified as a highly frequent target of genetic alterations in this tumor type. Finally, MYB may also be involved occasionally in PMBL pathogenesis.
A neural network approach for improved bearing prognostics of wind turbine generators (2021)

Condition monitoring of High-Speed Shaft Bearing (HSSB) in Wind Turbine Generators (WTGs) remains a challenging subject for industrial and academic studies. The investigation of mechanical vibration signals presents the most popular method in the literature. Consequently, this work involves a novel data-driven approach for direct HSSB prognosis using the vibration analysis. The proposed method is based on the computation of traditional statistical metrics derived both from the time-domain and frequency-domain via Spectral Kurtosis (SK). Then, the selection of the most suitable features was made using three metrics (monotonicity, trendability, prognosablity) to guarantee a better generalization of the trained Elman Neural Network (ENN). The validation of the proposed method was done using the benchmark of the center for Intelligent Maintenance Systems (IMS) for training and real measured Green Power Monitoring Systems (GPMS) data for testing. We have provided two links for downloading these data sets. The experimental results show that the proposed approach presents a powerful prediction tool. Comparative results with previous work show several advantages for the proposed combination of statistical metrics and ENN, such as the external prediction and real online estimation of the Remaining Useful Life (RUL). Also, some new practical findings are provided in the discussion.
Synthesis of Carbon Nanofibers and Pt-Nanocluster-Based Electrochemical Microsystems by Combining Low-Pressure Helicon Plasma Techniques (2008)

International audience
Memory Array Architecture and Decoding Scheme for 3 V Only Sector Erasable DINOR Flash Memory (1994)

A memory array architecture and row decoding scheme for a 3 V only DINOR (divided bit line NOR) flash memory has been designed. A new sector organization realizes one word line driver per two word lines, which is conformable to tight word line pitch. A hierarchical negative voltage switching row decoder and a compact source line driver have been developed for 1 K byte sector erase without increasing the chip size. A bit-by-bit programming control and a low threshold voltage detection circuit provide a high speed random access time at low V/sub cc/ and a narrow program threshold voltage distribution. A 4 Mb DINOR flash memory test device was fabricated from 0.5 /spl mu/m, double-layer metal, triple polysilicon, triple well CMOS process. The cell measures 1.8/spl times/1.6 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ and the chip measures 5.8/spl times/5.0 mm/sup 2/. The divided bit line structure realizes a small NOR type memory cell. >
Application of a new fabrication technique to GaAs SIThy using LPE (2005)

A new fabrication technique using LPE based on the concept of inverse epitaxy were developed for GaAs power devices. This technique has been applied to fabrication of GaAs pin diode which forms fundamental part of SIThy. Furthermore, selective Zn diffusion using SiNx as masks was investigated with a view of forming p+ gates. It is ascertained that the new LPE technique and others developed in this study are promising for the realization of the GaAs SIThys.
Search for the doubly heavy baryon decaying to * (2023)

Abstract A first search for the decay is performed by the LHCb experiment with a data sample of proton-proton collisions, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb −1 recorded at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV. Two peaking structures are seen with a local (global) significance of and standard deviations at masses of 6571 and 6694 MeV/ , respectively. Upper limits are set on the baryon production cross-section times the branching fraction relative to that of the decay at centre-of-mass energies of 8 and 13 TeV, in the and in the rapidity and transverse-momentum ranges from 2.0 to 4.5 and 0 to , respectively. Upper limits are presented as a function of the mass and lifetime.
Development of an Occupant Position Sensor System to Improve Frontal Crash Protection (2001)

This paper reports on the development of an occupant position sensor that might be used in conjunction with dual stage or multi-stage inflation technologies for modulating air bag deployment. This occupant position sensor system uses ultrasonic transducers in conjunction with pattern recognition algorithms for the discrimination of out-of-position occupants and rear-facing child safety seats. Four ultrasonic transducers operating at 40 kHz, located strategically within the occupant compartment, emit unfocused, wide-beam pulses toward the passenger volume. These pulses are emitted sequentially and each produce return echoes which contain information for discrimination in approximately 10 msec. Thus, the occupant position is updated every 40 msec. The decision algorithm processes the returned information to classify the occupant through the use of a uniquely trained neural network. Extensive in-vehicle training with thousands of realistic occupant size and position scenarios was used to develop the logic of the neural network. The ultrasonic occupant position sensor can also be used in conjunction with other technologies, such as weight sensing or seat belt sensing to feed information to the air bag system's central processor to govern the deployment decision of the air bag. This occupant sensing system has been released on a production vehicle and will be closely observed in field use.