gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Trapping Methylglyoxal by Myricetin and Its Metabolites in Mice (2020)

Trapping of methylglyoxal (MGO) has been determined to be one of the potential mechanisms for dietary polyphenols to prevent chronic diseases. In this study, myricetin was demonstrated to efficiently trap MGO to generate mono- and di-MGO adducts under <i>in vitro</i> conditions. Furthermore, the mono- and di-MGO adducts of myricetin were detected in urine and fecal samples collected from myricetin-treated mice based on LC-MS analysis. More importantly, the mono-MGO adducts of the mono- and di-methylated myricetin were also found in these mouse samples. Further dose-dependent studies demonstrated that myricetin and its methylated metabolites significantly trapped MGO in a dose-dependent manner with the 400 mg/kg dose having the highest trapping efficacy (mono-MGO-myricetin: 272.0 ± 90.9 nM in urine and 1.05 ± 0.67 μg/g in feces; mono-MGO-mono-Me-myricetin: 135.2 ± 77.6 nM in urine and 1.16 ± 0.65 μg/g in feces; and mono-MGO-di-Me-myricetin: 17.0 ± 5.9 nM in urine and 0.19 ± 0.04 μg/g in feces) compared to the 100 and 200 mg/kg doses. In conclusion, this study demonstrates for the first time the <i>in vivo</i> trapping efficacy of myricetin, suggesting that intake of myricetin-containing foods has the potential to scavenge MGO <i>in vivo</i> and to prevent MGO-induced harmful effects to human health.
Flexible Robust Group Key Agreement (2010)

A robust group key agreement protocol (GKA) allows a set of players to establish a shared secret key, regardless of network/node failures. Current constant-round GKA protocols are either efficient and nonrobust or robust but not efficient; assuming a reliable broadcast communication medium, the standard encryption-based group key agreement protocol can be robust against arbitrary number of node faults, but the size of the messages broadcast by every player is proportional to the number of players. In contrast, nonrobust group key agreement can be achieved with each player broadcasting just constant-sized messages. We propose a novel 2-round group key agreement protocol, which tolerates up to T node failures, using O(T)-sized messages for any T. We show that the new protocol implies a fully-robust group key agreement with logarithmic-sized messages and expected round complexity close to 2, assuming random node faults. The protocol can be extended to withstand malicious insiders at small constant factor increases in bandwidth and computation. The proposed protocol is secure under the (standard) Decisional Square Diffie-Hellman assumption.
The sphingosine 1‐phosphate receptor agonist FTY720 interfered the distribution of dendritic cell and induced the maternal‐fetal immune tolerance (2018)

We hypothesized that FTY720 may reduce the number of DCs that were chemoattracted to the maternal-fetal interface by downregulating the expression of CCR7, which ultimately induces maternal-fetal immune tolerance.
Electrothermal phenomena in zinc oxide nanowires and contacts (2012)

Heat generation along nanowires and near their electrical contacts influences the feasibility of energy conversion devices. This work presents ZnO nanowire electrical resistivity data and models electrothermal transport accounting for heat generation at metal-semiconductor contacts, axial thermal conduction, and substrate heat losses. The current-voltage relationships and electron microscopy indicate that sample degradation is caused by the interplay of heat generation at contacts and within the nanowire volume. The model is used to interpret literature data for Si, GaN, and ZnO nanowires. This work assists with electrothermal nanowire measurements and highlights practical implications of utilizing solution-synthesized nanowires.
Chiral nanoparticles for enantioselective crystallization (2009)

Chirality is one of the key factors in molecular recognition, which is extremely important in many chemical, biological, and medical applications. Discovering efficient methods to produce and separate enantiomerically pure chiral compounds is critical for further development of pharmaceuticals, because enantiomers of drugs may have different pharmacologic and toxicological effects. There is a high interest to develop new economic methods to separate racemic mixtures and to improve the efficiency of the existing ones. In this context, the application of chiral nanoparticles in the enantioselective crystallization is highly interesting, but technically challenging. [1] Here, by using the miniemulsion polymerization technique [2], we present for the first time a method to synthesize chiral nanoparticles based on amino acids with a high active surface, and we demonstrate their potential ability in the enantioselective crystallization. [3] In the first step, we synthesized optically active and polymerizable amino acid derivatives in their respective D and the L form. Chiral nanoparticles were prepared from these monomers by a direct (oil-in-water) miniemulsion process. The particles showed a narrow size distribution, with diameters ranging from 180 to 220 nm. The chiral discriminatory ability of the prepared nanoparticles is demonstrated with the enantioselective crystallization of racemic mixtures of amino acids. We show that the chiral nanoparticles act as seeds to enrich one enantiomer during the crystallization process. Literature:
Comparison of in vitro and in vivo binding site competition of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1 proteins in two important maize pests (2021)

This study shows that in vivo and in vitro binding site competition assays can provide useful information to better ascertain whether different Cry proteins share binding sites and, consequently, whether cross-resistance due to binding site alteration can occur. © 2021 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
The Physics and Chemistry of Color: The Fifteen Causes of Color (1984)

Preface to the Second Edition.Preface to the First Edition. Acknowledgments for the Second Edition. Acknowledgments for the First Edition. LIGHT AND COLOR. Some Fundamentals: Color, Light, and Interactions. COLOR INVOLVING VIBRATIONS AND SIMPLE EXCITATIONS. Color Produced by Incandescence. Color Produced by Gas Excitations. Color Produced by Vibrations and Rotations. COLOR INVOLVING LIGAND FIELD EFFECTS. Color Caused by Transition Metals in a Ligand Field. COLOR INVOLVING MOLECULAR ORBITALS. Color in Organic Molecules. Charge Transfer Color. COLOR INVOLVING BAND THEORY. Color in Metals and Semiconductors. Color Centers. COLOR INVOLVING GEOMETRICAL AND PHYSICAL OPTICS. Dispersive Refraction and Polarization. Scattering and Nonlinear Effects. Interference and Diffraction. COLOR--RELATED TOPICS. Colorants of Many Types. Vision, Luminescence, Lasers, and Related Topics. Appendix A: Units, Chromaticity, and Color Order Systems. Appendix B: Incandescence Equations. Appendix C: Atoms and Simple Molecules. Appendix D: Crystal Fields, Ligand Fields, and Molecular Orbitals. Appendix E: Band Theory. Appendix F: Prism, Thin Film, and Layer Diffraction Grating. Appendix G: Recommendations for Additional Reading. Index.
Diabetes Insipidus Associated with Wegener's Granulomatosis Successfully Treated with Cyclophosphamide (1978)

WEGENER'S granulomatosis, a necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis that involves the paranasal sinuses, lungs and glomeruli, rarely involves the brain parenchyma.1 Central-nervous-system involvement is nearly always manifested by cerebral-artery vasculitis, cranial-nerve palsy or opticnerve dysfunction.2 , 3 Before the use of cytotoxic therapy for the disorder, three cases of diabetes insipidus associated with Wegener's granulomatosis were reported.4 5 6 The present report describes a patient with the disorder who had diabetes insipidus and hyperprolactinemia and who was successfully treated with cyclophosphamide.Case ReportIn June, 1974, a 25-year-old man noted the gradual onset of polyuria and polydipsia, with daily urine output of 12 liters. In March, . . .
Debugging mixed-environment programs with Blink (2014)

Programmers build large-scale systems with multiple languages to leverage legacy code and languages best suited to their problems. For instance, the same program may use Java for ease of programming and C to interface with the operating system. These programs pose significant debugging challenges, because programmers need to understand and control code across languages, which often execute in different environments. Unfortunately, traditional multilingual debuggers require a single execution environment. This paper presents a novel composition approach to building portable mixed-environment debuggers, in which an intermediate agent interposes on language transitions, controlling and reusing single-environment debuggers. We implement debugger composition in Blink, a debugger for Java, C, and the Jeannie programming language. We show that Blink is (i) simple: it requires modest amounts of new code; (ii) portable: it supports multiple Java virtual machines, C compilers, operating systems, and component debuggers; and (iii) powerful: composition eases debugging, while supporting new mixed-language expression evaluation and Java native interface bug diagnostics. To demonstrate the generality of interposition, we build prototypes and demonstrate debugger language transitions with C for five of six other languages (Caml, Common Lisp, C#, Perl 5, Python, and Ruby) without modifications to their debuggers. Using real-world case studies, we show that diagnosing language interface errors require prior single-environment debuggers to restart execution multiple times, whereas Blink directly diagnoses them with one execution. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coordinated control of the ADP-heptose/ALPK1 signalling network by the E3 ligases TRAF6, TRAF2/c-IAP1 and LUBAC (2022)

Summary ADP-heptose activates the protein kinase ALPK1 triggering TIFA phosphorylation at Thr9, the recruitment of TRAF6 and the subsequent production of inflammatory mediators. Here, we demonstrate that ADP-heptose also stimulates the formation of Lys63- and Met1-linked ubiquitin chains to activate the TAK1 and canonical IKK complexes, respectively. We further show that the E3 ligases TRAF6 and c-IAP1 operate redundantly to generate the Lys63-linked ubiquitin chains required for pathway activation, which we demonstrate are attached to TRAF6, TRAF2 and c-IAP1, and that c-IAP1 is recruited to TIFA by TRAF2. ADP-heptose also induces activation of the kinase TBK1 by a TAK1-independent mechanism, which require TRAF2 and TRAF6. We establish that ALPK1 phosphorylates TIFA directly at Thr177 as well as Thr9 in vitro. Thr177 is located within the TRAF6-binding motif and its mutation to Asp prevents TRAF6 but not TRAF2 binding, indicating a role in restricting ADP-heptose signalling. We conclude that ADP-heptose signalling is controlled by the combined actions of TRAF2/c-IAP1 and TRAF6.
The upstrap (2018)

The bootstrap, introduced in Efron (1979. Bootstrap methods: another look at the jackknife. The Annals of Statistics7, 1-26), is a landmark method for quantifying variability. It uses sampling with replacement with a sample size equal to that of the original data. We propose the upstrap, which samples with replacement either more or fewer samples than the original sample size. We illustrate the upstrap by solving a hard, but common, sample size calculation problem. The data and code used for the analysis in this article are available on GitHub (2018. https://github.com/ccrainic/upstrap).
Smad6/Smurf1 overexpression in cartilage delays chondrocyte hypertrophy and causes dwarfism with osteopenia (2004)

Biochemical experiments have shown that Smad6 and Smad ubiquitin regulatory factor 1 (Smurf1) block the signal transduction of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). However, their in vivo functions are largely unknown. Here, we generated transgenic mice overexpressing Smad6 in chondrocytes. Smad6 transgenic mice showed postnatal dwarfism with osteopenia and inhibition of Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation in chondrocytes. Endochondral ossification during development in these mice was associated with almost normal chondrocyte proliferation, significantly delayed chondrocyte hypertrophy, and thin trabecular bone. The reduced population of hypertrophic chondrocytes after birth seemed to be related to impaired bone growth and formation. Organ culture of cartilage rudiments showed that chondrocyte hypertrophy induced by BMP2 was inhibited in cartilage prepared from Smad6 transgenic mice. We then generated transgenic mice overexpressing Smurf1 in chondrocytes. Abnormalities were undetectable in Smurf1 transgenic mice. Mating Smad6 and Smurf1 transgenic mice produced double-transgenic pups with more delayed endochondral ossification than Smad6 transgenic mice. These results provided evidence that Smurf1 supports Smad6 function in vivo.
Transposición de Beckmann de la oxima de la ciclododecanona con catalizadores sólidos (2005)

Referencia OEPM: P200202538.-- Fecha de solicitud: 28/10/2002.-- Titulares: Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC).
Atom-Economical Cross-Coupling of Internal and Terminal Alkynes to Access 1,3-Enynes (2020)

Selective carbon–carbon (C–C) bond formation in chemical synthesis generally requires pre-functionalized building blocks. However, the requisite pre-functionalization steps undermine the efficiency of multi-step synthetic sequences, which is particularly problematic in large-scale applications, such as in the commercial production of pharmaceuticals. Herein, we describe a selective and catalytic method for synthesizing 1,3-enynes without pre-functionalized building blocks. This method is facilitated by a tailored P,N-ligand that enables regioselective coupling and suppresses secondary &lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;/&lt;i&gt;Z&lt;/i&gt;-isomerization of the product. The transformation enables several classes of unactivated internal acceptor alkynes to be coupled with terminal donor alkynes to deliver 1,3-enynes in a highly regio- and stereoselective manner. The scope of compatible acceptor alkynes includes propargyl alcohols, (homo)propargyl amine derivatives, and (homo)propargyl carboxamides. The reaction is scalable and can operate effectively with 0.5 mol% catalyst loading. The products are versatile intermediates that can participate in various downstream transformations. We also present preliminary mechanistic experiments that are consistent with a redox-neutral Pd(II) catalytic cycle.
Sinusoidal drives for optical time demultiplexers (2001)

Electrically driven arrays of optical switches can be used to time demultiplex a train of high-repetition-rate optical pulses into parallel lower speed circuits. These demultiplexers are used to advantage in high-speed communication systems and in photonic analog-to-digital converters. High-speed operation of an optical demultiplexer is simplified by the use of sinusoidal electrical drives, but suppression of crosstalk is difficult. Adequate suppression of crosstalk in these demultiplexers can be obtained through the use additional modulators. The key to our approach is the use of a combination of harmonically related sinusoidal signals applied to the additional modulators in order to select one out of every M pulses. Results with a 1: 4 demultiplexed photonic analog-to-digital converter operating at 208 MS/s demonstrate the efficacy of the technique.
The Role of Bright Pixels in Illumination Estimation (2012)

The White-Patch method, one of the very first colour constancy methods, estimates the illuminant colour from the maximum response of three colour channels. However, this simple method has been superseded by advanced physical, statistical and learning based colour constancy methods. Recently, a few research works have suggested that the simple idea of using maximum pixel values is not as limited an idea as it seems on first glance. These works show that in several situations some manipulations can indeed made it perform very well. Here, we extend the White-Patch assumption to include any of: white patch, highlights or light source; let us refer to these pixels in an image as the “bright ” pixels areas. We propose that bright pixels are surprisingly helpful in the illumination estimation process. In this paper, we investigate the effects of bright pixels on several current colour constancy algorithms. Moreover, we describe a simple framework for an illumination estimation method based on bright pixels and compare its accuracy to well-known colour constancy algorithms applied to four standard datasets. We also investigate failure and success cases, using bright pixels, and propose desiderata on input images with regard to the proposed method.
Characterization of the basic replicon of pCM1, a narrow-host-range plasmid from the moderate halophile Chromohalobacter marismortui (1995)

The moderately halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter marismortui contains a 17.5-kb narrow-host-range plasmid, pCM1, which shows interesting properties for the development of cloning vectors for the genetic manipulation of this important group of extremophiles. Plasmid pCM1 can stably replicate and is maintained in most gram-negative moderate halophiles tested. The replication origin has been identified and sequenced, and the minimal pCM1 replicon has been localized to a 1,600-bp region which includes two functionally discrete regions, the oriV region and the repA gene. oriV, located on a 700-bp fragment, contains four iterons 20 bp in length adjacent to a DnaA box that is dispensable but required for efficient replication of pCM1, and it requires trans-acting functions. The repA gene, which encodes a replication protein of 289 residues, is similar to the replication proteins of other gram-negative bacteria.
Non-uniform Compressive Strength of Debonded Sandwich Panels – I. Experimental Investigation (2005)

Face/core debond-damaged sandwich panels exposed to non-uniform compression loads are studied. The panel geometry is rectangular with a centrally located circular debond. The study primarily includes experimental methods, but simple finite element calculations are also applied. The complexity of applying a controlled non-uniform compressive load to the test panels requires a strong focus on the development of a suitable testrig. This is done by the extensive use of product development methods. The experimental results based on full-scale testing of 10 GFRP/foam core panels with prefabricated debonds show a considerable strength reduction with increasing debond diameter, with failure mechanisms varying between fast debond propagation and wrinkling-introduced face compression failure for large and small debonds, respectively. Residual strength predictions are based on intact panel testing, and a comparison between a simple numerical model and the experimental results shows fair agreement.
FSK and PSK performance of the utility acoustic modem (2003)

The utility acoustic modem (UAM) is a high performance and compact digital signal processing system for acoustic communications, designed at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. The UAM is fully integrated, containing 4 hydrophone input channels, a switching power amplifier, and non-volatile memory. The device consumes 3 W when receiving and up to 30 W when transmitting with a source level of about 185 dB re microPascal. At the heart of the UAM is a 30MFLOP (million floating point operations per second) DSP chip capable of implementing a wide range of acoustic communication signalling and receiving algorithms in real-time. To date, two communications links, have been implemented on the UAM and evaluated. The first is a low-rate incoherent system using frequency-hopped FSK signalling and strong error-correction coding to provide robust communications in channels with rapidly-varying multipath. The second link is a high-rate coherent method using QPSK signalling and a Doppler-tolerant multi-channel adaptive equalizer. The two communications methods have been tested individually, and against each other, in a variety of shallow water channels. The paper reviews the design and capabilities of the UAM and describes in detail the FSK and QPSK implementations. Performance results for both schemes from at-sea experiments are then presented. The ultimate aim of the UAM development is to produce a robust communications link able to adapt modulation type and rate to the channel conditions. Some preliminary steps towards this are discussed in the light of the at-sea results.
Contactless Mapping of Thoracic and Abdominal Movements: Applications for Seismocardiography (2017)

Seismocardiography has been well studied in terms of analysis, applications, and methods of measurement. However, there remains a lack of research into the explanation and modelling of the involved phenomena. We propose a new contactless method to measure thoracic and sternal movements, demonstrate that it is adequate for typical seismocardiogram use.
Impact of Long-Term Potassium Citrate Therapy on Urinary Profiles and Recurrent Stone Formation (2009)

Potassium citrate provides a significant alkali and citraturic response during short-term and long-term therapy with the change in urinary metabolic profiles sustained as long as 14 years of treatment. Moreover, long-term potassium citrate significantly decreases the stone formation rate, confirming its usefulness in patients with recurrent nephrolithiasis.
ChemInform Abstract: Potent Inhibition of Glycogen Phosphorylase by a Spirohydantoin of Glucopyranose: First Pyranose Analogues of Hydantocidin. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Enhanced Pool Boiling Performance on Micro-, Nano-, and Hybrid-Structured Surfaces (2011)

Thermal management plays an important role in both high power electronics and energy conversion systems. A key issue in thermal management is the dissipation of the high heat flux generated by functional components. In this paper, various microstructures, nanostructures and hybrid micro/nano-structures were successfully fabricated on copper (Cu) surfaces, and the corresponding pool boiling heat transfer performance was systematically studied. It is found that the critical heat flux (CHF) of hybrid structured surfaces is about 15% higher than that of the surfaces with nanowires only and micro-pillars only. More importantly, the superheat at CHF for the hybrid structured surface is much smaller than that of the micro-pillared surface (about 35%), and a maximum heat transfer coefficient (HTC) of about 90,000W/m2K is obtained. Compared with the known best pool boiling performance on biporous media, a much larger HTC and much lower superheat at a heat flux of 250W/cm2 have been obtained on the novel hybrid-structured surfaces.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of An acutely and latently expressed herpes simplex virus 2 viral microRNA inhibits expression of ICP34.5, a viral neurovirulence factor. (2008)

Read the full review for this Faculty Opinions recommended article: An acutely and latently expressed herpes simplex virus 2 viral microRNA inhibits expression of ICP34.5, a viral neurovirulence factor.