gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quality of Outpatient Care Provided to Diabetic Patients: A health maintenance organization experience (1996)

In spite of the frequency of PCP visits during the year for many of these patients, diabetes management was inadequate. This lack of adequate preventive care will lead to an increased risk of the development of the acute and chronic complications of diabetes, creating an even greater future burden on the health care system and negative consequences for patients.
Apically and basolaterally internalized aminoglycosides colocalize in LLC-PK1 lysosomes and alter cell function (1994)

Aminoglycosides bind to apical and basolateral (BL) membranes of renal epithelial cells. However, little is known regarding differential uptake and intracellular processing after internalization across these distinct surface membrane domains. To examine these processes independently, LLC-PK1 cells were grown on porous filters, which allow selective access to both domains. Apical and BL membrane uptakes of gentamicin (0.5 mM), quantified using [3H]gentamicin, were linear from 2 to 24 h (r = 0.99). The 4-h apical gentamicin uptake was 667 +/- 59 pmol/mg protein, the BL 748 +/- 26 pmol/mg protein, and concurrent apical and BL uptake 1,389 +/- 22 pmol/mg protein. Aminoglycoside uptake, documented using indirect immunogold techniques, occurred via the apical and BL endocytic systems and colocalized with cationic ferritin. Aminoglycosides internalized via the apical (gentamicin) and BL (tobramycin) membrane converged at the lysosomal level. Gentamicin incorporated via either domain significantly decreased lysosomal N-acetylglucosaminidase below control values (P < 0.05). We conclude that, after binding, aminoglycosides are internalized equally across apical and BL membranes of LLC-PK1 cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis, colocalize within the lysosomal compartment, and alter cellular function similarly.
ChemInform Abstract: LITHIIERUNG FUENFGLIEDRIGER HETEROAROMATISCHER VERBINDUNGEN, METHYLSUBSTITUIERTE 1,2‐AZOLE, OXADIAZOLE UND THIADIAZOLE (1970)

Abstract Bei der Reaktion von fünfgliedrigen Heteroaromaten mit Butyllithium (II) bei ‐70°C werden drei Typen von Reaktionen beobachtet: 1) Laterale Lithiierung, z.B. des Isoxazols (I) zum Li‐Derivat (III) (Weiterreaktion mit festem Kohlendioxid zur entsprechenden Essigsäure); die Heterocyclen (IV)‐(VII) reagieren analog (jeweils unter Lithiierung einer Methylgruppe).
Optimization of SiGe HBT technology for high speed analog and mixed-signal applications (2002)

SiGe HBTs have achieved record peak f/sub T/ values values and impressive digital circuit ECL RO delays but no analog circuit results have been reported. In this work we investigate the leverage of SiGe HBTs for analog circuits by optimizing the Ge-profile for a high /spl beta/V/sub A/ product and high f/sub T/ under the constraint of breakdown voltage and effective strain of the SiGe layer. Analytical calculations of /spl beta/, V/sub A/, and f/sub T/ of SiGe-HBTs as a function of Ge profile predict the largest performance advantage over Si BJTs for the most steeply graded Ge profile. SiGe-HBT transistors are fabricated with /spl beta/V/sub A/ products of 6160 V, BV/sub CEO/ of 3.5 V and f/sub max/ of 46 GHz, and compared to Si-BJTs fabricated with the same process. Digital performance is benchmarked by an ECL ring oscillator delay of 17.2 psec. The leverage for analog technology is demonstrated by fabrication of a 1 GHz SiGe-HBT 12 bit Digital to Analog Convertor.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Percutaneous Dorsal Instrumentation of Vertebral Burst Fractures: Value of Additional Percutaneous Intravertebral Reposition—Cadaver Study (2015)

For height and anatomical restoration, the combination of an intravertebral reduction device with dorsal instrumentation showed significantly better results than sole dorsal instrumentation.
Production and characterization of human monoclonal antibodies against core protein p25 and transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 of HIV-1 (1990)

With a view to obtaining human monoclonal antibodies against HIV-1 antigens we used the Epstein-Barr virus immortalization technique to induce lymphoblastoid cell lines from peripheral blood lymphocytes of 10 people who were seropositive for HIV-1 and had no clinical symptoms. A number of polyclonal lines were obtained which synthesized antibodies against most of the major proteins and glycoproteins of HIV-1. Three stable clones were characterized for class, secretion characteristics and specificity. Two of these clones produce antibodies which react with gp41, and the third reacts with p25. One of the anti-gp41 antibodies was found to have neutralizing activity.
pCyP B: a chloroplast-localized, heat shock-responsive cyclophilin from fava bean. (1994)

When the immunosuppressants cyclosporin A (CsA) and FK506 bind to their intracellular receptors (immunophillins), they form complexes that bind to calcineurin and block calcineurin-dependent signaling pathways in immune cells. Previously, we reported that higher plants also express immunophilins and have a Ca(2+)-dependent signaling pathway sensitive to immunophilin-ligand complexes. Based on an N-terminal peptide sequence of a chloroplast-localized cyclophilin (pCyP B), we isolated a cDNA clone encoding the preprotein of the cyclophilin. The deduced amino acid sequence of this cDNA starts with a putative transit sequence for chloroplast targeting. The mature pCyP B protein has rotamase activity with low-substrate specificity. Enzyme activity was inhibited by CsA with an inhibition constant of 3.9 nM. Similar to other CyPs from mammalian cells, pCyP B, when complexed with CsA, inhibited the phosphatase activity of bovine calcineurin. The mRNA level of pCyP B was high in leaf tissue but was not detectable in roots. Expression of the transcript in the leaf tissues was regulated by light and induced by heat shock. These findings illustrate the conserved nature of cyclophilin proteins among all of the eukaryotes and suggest that cyclophilins have a unique mode of regulation in higher plants.
Green synthesis of Pd@graphene nanocomposite: Catalyst for the selective oxidation of alcohols (2015)

Due to their excellent physicochemical properties and synergistic effect, graphene metallic NPs based nanocomposites have gained significant attention in various technological fields including catalysis. Here we demonstrate a single pot, facile and environmental friendly synthesis of catalytically active palladium(Pd)@graphene nanocomposites (SP-HRG-Pd) by the simultaneous reduction of graphene oxide (GRO) and PdCl2 using Salvadora persica L. (miswak) root extract (RE) as bioreductant. The synthesis of SP-HRG-Pd was confirmed by various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques, including ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), Raman and X-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The polyphenolic (flavonoids) and terpenoids rich contents of the miswak RE not only facilitated the reduction of graphene oxide and PdCl2 but also ensured the homogeneous binding of the Pd NPs on graphene, and through stabilization of the surface of SP-HRG-Pd nanocomposites. This also led to the enhanced dispersibility of as synthesized nanocomposites in aqueous solutions. The as-prepared SP-HRG-Pd nanocomposites also demonstrated excellent catalytic activity toward the selective oxidation of aromatic alcohols. Furthermore, in order to study the effect of calcination temperature and concentration of Pd NPs on the catalytic activities of nanocomposites, different samples of SP-HRG-Pd nanocomposites containing different amounts of Pd using various concentrations of Pd precursor were prepared and calcined at various temperatures.
Discovery of Novel, Orally Bioavailable β-Amino Acid Azaindole Inhibitors of Influenza PB2 (2017)

In our efforts to develop novel small-molecule inhibitors for the treatment of influenza, we utilized molecular modeling and the X-ray crystal structure of the PB2 subunit of the influenza polymerase to optimize a series of acyclic β-amino acid inhibitors, highlighted by compound <b>4</b>. Compound <b>4</b> showed good oral exposure in both rat and mouse. More importantly, it showed strong potency versus multiple influenza-A strains, including pandemic 2009 H1N1 and avian H5N1 strains and showed a strong efficacy profile in a mouse influenza model even when treatment was initiated 48 h after infection. Compound <b>4</b> offers good oral bioavailability with great potential for the treatment of both pandemic and seasonal influenza.
Rotational viscosity calculation method for liquid crystal mixture using molecular dynamics (2011)

This paper presents the directly obtained rotational viscosity values of E7, which includes pentylcyanobiphenol, heptylcyanobiphenol, 4-cyano-4′ -n-octyloxy-1,1′ -biphenyl, and 4-cyano-4′′-n-pentyl-1,1′,1′′-terphenyl, at various temperatures using molecular dynamics computer simulation. The director mean squared displacement was achieved from the squared displacement of the mean director using the concept of the mean director of various nematic liquid crystals. The calculated values were compared with the experiment results that predicted a good agreement. Additional points that must be considered for further study are also discussed.
Abstract A14: Invalidation of the inflammasome within breast tumor microenvironment impairs tumor growth (2011)

Abstract Tumor microenvironment plays an essential role in modulating and supporting tumor growth. Solid tumors are frequently infiltrated with innate immune cells as illustrated by the strong macrophages infiltration observed in breast tumors. In fact, infiltrating macrophages in breast tumors are associated with poor prognosis. IL-1beta (IL-1 b) is a proinflammatory cytokine produced mostly by macrophages and dendritic cells which detection in advance breast tumor stage is also correlated with bad prognosis. Furthermore, mouse studies using the orthotopic implantation of the mammary tumor cell line 4T1 have suggested a role for IL-1b in tumor growth and vascularization. IL-1b is a peculiar cytokine as its production is tightly controlled. First, proinflammatory signals induce the production of the proIL-1 b. To be active, the cytokine has to be cleaved by the caspase-1 within a complex named the inflammasome. Finally the cleaved cytokine is secreted outside the cells. By and large, the inflammasome is composed of a scaffold receptor, for instance NLRP3, an adaptor, ASC, and caspase-1. The NLRP3 inflammasome is mainly expressed by macrophages and dendritic cells and gets activated upon detection of pattern-associated molecular pattern but also danger-associated molecular pattern such as extracellular ATP or uric acid. As the inflammasome controls the biological activity of IL-1b, we speculated that the inflammasome should play an important role in the breast tumor microenvironment. To test our hypothsesis, we used the mouse mammary model of breast cancer using orthotopic implantation of 4T1 cells within the mammary gland of either wild-type or inflammasome deficient mice. Our results show that tumor growth is delayed in caspase-1 deficient mice suggesting that the presence of the inflammasome in the tumor microenvironment supports tumor growth. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Second AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; 2011 Sep 14-18; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(18 Suppl):Abstract nr A14.
Accelerated techniques for linear-phase FIR filter design (2002)

In this paper, two new techniques are proposed to accelerate the standard program for optimum linear-phase FIR filter design. By using these techniques separately, the time needed for the design of linear-phase FIR filters can be reduced up to 2.5 times. Combined with other known techniques, new methods can improve the execution time up to 6 times.
Vortex Unsteadiness in the Endwall Region of a High-Lift Low-Pressure Turbine Passage (2022)

Abstract Three-dimensional vortical structures within the endwall region of turbine passages directly affect the aerodynamic efficiency and heat transfer characteristics of the turbine. Interactions between the vortical endwall structures and the suction surface flow have been shown to be a significant source of loss generation through passages. One dominant vortex extends from the leading-edge junction region of the blade across the passage, where it interacts with the flow along the suction surface of the adjacent blade. In high-lift low-pressure turbine cascade passages, the vortical structure intermittently loses coherence and exhibits unsteady variations of strength and position as it extends across the passage. The present paper details the temporal behavior through high-speed measurements in a low-speed linear cascade of high-lift low-pressure turbine blades. Stereoscopic particle image velocimetry measurements in the passage are used to evaluate the unsteady behavior of the vortex. Space-time iso-surface plots of Q-criterion clearly show the evolution of the vortex over time. Analysis of the data reveals the various time scales of fluctuations in strength and position. Comparisons of the temporal fluctuations in the high-lift turbine passage are made with similar phenomena found in canonical junction flow papers in the literature. Key findings support the hypothesis that in-passage vortex unsteady characteristics near the endwall are influenced by leading-edge junction flow dynamics, and provide additional insight into the unsteady endwall flow physics that is necessary to further the development of endwall loss reduction techniques.
Intramolecular dynamics: A study of molecules at high levels of vibrational excitation (1988)

Abstract : The intramolecular vibrational energy distribution of infrared multiphoton-excited molecules is studied with time-resolved spontaneous Raman spectroscopy. For several molecules highly nonthermal energy distributions are observed, indicating high selectivity below the dissociation threshold. Keywords: Lasers, Infrared, Multiphoton, Excitation, Dissociation, Selectivity, Raman spectroscopy.
TNF-α Inhibitor Reduces Odontoclast Formation in Diabetes Rats with Ligature-Induced Periodontitis (2017)

To determine the effect of the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in odontoclast formation, we administrated a TNF-α inhibitor in rats with diabetes rats with periodontitis. The rats included in the study were divided into three groups: control rats without diabetes or periodontitis (the C group), rats with periodontitis and diabetes (the PD group), and rats with periodontitis and diabetes treated by infliximab, the TNF inhibitor (the PD+infliximab group). The PD and PD+ infliximab groups received intravenous administrations of streptozotocin (STZ, 50 mg/kg) to induce diabetes. After 7 days of STZ injections, the mandibular first molars were ligatured to induce periodontitis. The PD+infliximab group was intrapenitoneally administrated by infliximab (5 mg/kg). On days 3 and 20 after the ligature administration, odontoclast formation along root surfaces was evaluated by tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and cathepsin K immunohistochemistry. On day 3, the number of TRAP- and cathepsin K-positive cells increased more so in the PD group than in the C group. The PD+infliximab group showed a lower number of positive cells than the PD group. There was no difference in all the groups on day 20. On day 3, the cathepsin-K positive multinucleated and mononucleated cells were higher in the PD group than in the C group. The number of cathepsin-K positive multinucleated cells was lower in the PD+infliximab group than in the PD group. The PD group showed more cathepsin K-positive cells in the furcation and distal surfaces than the c group. The Cathepsin K-positive cells of the PD+infliximab group were lower than that of the PD group in furcation. These results suggest that TNF-α stimulates odontoclast formation in diabetes with periodontitis
Massive MIMO proof-of-concept: Emulations and hardware-field trials at 3.5 GHz (2016)

Massive MIMO and beamforming is commonly considered as one of the key technologies for future cellular communications. It is targeted to solve the capacity requirements in enhanced mobile broadband and enable new services in other communication fields, e.g. machine type communications. In this work, we study M-MIMO technology in a novel approach, combining system simulations and modeling with hardware prototyping and measurements. In particular, we study different beamforming techniques in an indoor lab environment with real over-the-air experiments. In a next step, we compare our results with a modeled environment and finally extrapolate this to full 3-D beamforming techniques using an urban-micro scenario model.
Perfusion culture of mammalian cells in microfluidic environments for tissue engineering applications (2006)

Times Cited: 0 Leclerc, Eric David, Bertrand Griscom, Laurent Lepioufle, Bruno Sakai, Yasuyuki Fujii, Teruo Legallais, Cecile 2nd SHF Congress on Microfuids Dec 14-16, 2004 Toulouse, FRANCE Shf
Evaluation of MIMO arrays using antenna patterns, reverberation chamber, and channel measurements (2006)

We have compared different methods of evaluating arrays for MIMO systems. We calculated the MIMO capacity of a compact antenna array for mobile or WLAN applications at 1766 MHz and compared it to a large reference array of 4 monopoles. Three different methods were used: evaluation using radiation patterns and a channel model, measurements in a reverberation chamber, and simultaneous measurement of radio channel data using the two arrays. We conclude that the main difference in the to arrays is the 1.3 dB lower efficiency of the compact array.
Demo: Sword fight with smartphones (2011)

We present a demonstration of a phone-to-phone Sword Fight! game. It utilizes our solution for achieving high speed 3D continuous localization described in the accompanying conference paper [1]. The approach uses acoustic cues based on time-difference of arrival and power level. It assumes at least two microphones and one speaker per phone, which is common on new smartphones. Accelerometers and digital compasses assist in resolving ambiguous acoustic-only localization. Continuous localization is achieved with the aid of a loose time synchronization protocol and a Kalman filter. Lastly, practical gameplay issues are addressed.
Supplementary Table 3 from Reprogramming Tumor-Infiltrating Dendritic Cells for CD103<sup>+</sup>CD8<sup>+</sup> Mucosal T-cell Differentiation and Breast Cancer Rejection (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - PDF file, Supplementary Table 3. PALO_0.01_TTest_0.05_1.5xUp in PMB + Curdlan vs CTL.&lt;/p&gt;
Towards resilient machine learning for ransomware detection (2018)

There has been a surge of interest in using machine learning (ML) to automatically detect malware through their dynamic behaviors. These approaches have achieved significant improvement in detection rates and lower false positive rates at large scale compared with traditional malware analysis methods. ML in threat detection has demonstrated to be a good cop to guard platform security. However it is imperative to evaluate - is ML-powered security resilient enough? In this paper, we juxtapose the resiliency and trustworthiness of ML algorithms for security, via a case study of evaluating the resiliency of ransomware detection via the generative adversarial network (GAN). In this case study, we propose to use GAN to automatically produce dynamic features that exhibit generalized malicious behaviors that can reduce the efficacy of black-box ransomware classifiers. We examine the quality of the GAN-generated samples by comparing the statistical similarity of these samples to real ransomware and benign software. Further we investigate the latent subspace where the GAN-generated samples lie and explore reasons why such samples cause a certain class of ransomware classifiers to degrade in performance. Our focus is to emphasize necessary defense improvement in ML-based approaches for ransomware detection before deployment in the wild. Our results and discoveries should pose relevant questions for defenders such as how ML models can be made more resilient for robust enforcement of security objectives.
Applications and Challenges of 3D Printing for Molecular and Atomic Scale Analytical Techniques (2023)

This chapter provides an overview of 3D printing technology related to the development of novel instrumentation for analytical techniques in spectroscopy. These techniques include spectrophotometry, infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. In many cases, the required tolerances, material properties, and design complexity push the capabilities of current 3D-printing technology to the limit. For each analytical technique, we outline recent instrumentation developments using different 3D-printing methods and the impact this technology has had on fields ranging from materials science to structural biology. We further detail the technical challenges and outlook for the fabrication of the next generation of state-of-the-art scientific devices. Finally, we discuss the implications of 3D printing as a digital fabrication method that provides improved access to and rapid iteration of scientific devices and instrumentation.
Atomically Layered and Ordered Rare-Earth i-MAX Phases: A New Class of Magnetic Quaternary Compounds (2019)

In 2017, we discovered quaternary i-MAX phases—atomically layered solids, where M is an early transition metal, A is an A group element, and X is C—with a (M12/3M21/3)2AC chemistry, where the M1 and M2 atoms are in-plane ordered. Herein, we report the discovery of a class of magnetic i-MAX phases in which bilayers of a quasi-2D magnetic frustrated triangular lattice overlay a Mo honeycomb arrangement and an Al Kagomé lattice. The chemistry of this family is (Mo2/3RE1/3)2AlC, and the rare-earth, RE, elements are Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Lu. The magnetic properties were characterized and found to display a plethora of ground states, resulting from an interplay of competing magnetic interactions in the presence of magnetocrystalline anisotropy.
A novel synthesis of didehydroamino acid esters from azomethine ylides (1998)

A novel synthesis of didehydroamino acid (DDAA) esters 5 is described, starting from aldimines 2. The mechanism for this reaction has been shown to involve the cycloaddition of an azomethine ylide 3 to an imine 2, followed by the base-catalysed ring-opening of the resulting imidazolidine intermediate 7. This novel method has also been extended to the synthesis of DDAA esters 5 catalysed by imines.
Modellierung und Simulation des Hybridverfahrens Rektifikation/Membrantrennung (2002)

No translation.