gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Semantically Informed Multiview Surface Refinement (2017)

We present a method to jointly refine the geometry and semantic segmentation of 3D surface meshes. Our method alternates between updating the shape and the semantic labels. In the geometry refinement step, the mesh is deformed with variational energy minimization, such that it simultaneously maximizes photo-consistency and the compatibility of the semantic segmentations across a set of calibrated images. Label-specific shape priors account for interactions between the geometry and the semantic labels in 3D. In the semantic segmentation step, the labels on the mesh are updated with MRF inference, such that they are compatible with the semantic segmentations in the input images. Also, this step includes prior assumptions about the surface shape of different semantic classes. The priors induce a tight coupling, where semantic information influences the shape update and vice versa. Specifically, we introduce priors that favor (i) adaptive smoothing, depending on the class label; (ii) straightness of class boundaries; and (iii) semantic labels that are consistent with the surface orientation. The novel mesh-based reconstruction is evaluated in a series of experiments with real and synthetic data. We compare both to state-of-the-art, voxel-based semantic 3D reconstruction, and to purely geometric mesh refinement, and demonstrate that the proposed scheme yields improved 3D geometry as well as an improved semantic segmentation.
Cone carving for surface reconstruction (2010)

We present cone carving, a novel space carving technique supporting topologically correct surface reconstruction from an incomplete scanned point cloud. The technique utilizes the point samples not only for local surface position estimation but also to obtain global visibility information under the assumption that each acquired point is visible from a point lying outside the shape. This enables associating each point with a generalized cone, called the visibility cone, that carves a portion of the outside ambient space of the shape from the inside out. These cones collectively provide a means to better approximate the signed distances to the shape specifically near regions containing large holes in the scan, allowing one to infer the correct surface topology. Combining the new distance measure with conventional RBF, we define an implicit function whose zero level set defines the surface of the shape. We demonstrate the utility of cone carving in coping with significant missing data and raw scans from a commercial 3D scanner as well as synthetic input.
Effect of Nafion and platinum content in a catalyst layer processed in a radio frequency helicon plasma system (2009)

A helicon plasma sputtering system is used to deposit small amounts of platinum on microporous carbon support composed of Vulcan XC 72 carbon particles (known as gas diffusion layer) to form Pt catalyzed electrodes for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Electrodes with low Pt loading are prepared, assembled in custom-made membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) and tested for the hydrogen oxydation and the oxygen reduction. Initially, the Nafion loading spread on these plasma prepared electrodes is optimized by measuring the MEA performance. It is found that the optimum Nafion loading is 1 mg cm-2 for an electrode previously covered with 0.1 mgPt cm-2 using the helicon plasma system. For a commercial electrode prepared by ink processes with 0.5 mgPt cm-2, the optimized Nafion loading is 2 mg cm-2. Using the respective optimized Nafion loading, the electrical performance of the custom-made MEA with one plasma prepared electrode (either anode or cathode) is compared with that of a reference MEA from Electrochem Inc. (Pt loading per electrode of 0.5 mg cm-2 and maximum power density of 425 mW cm-2) without gas humidification. The custom-made MEA fitted with an anode covered with 0.005 mgPt cm -2 leads to the same performance as that of the reference MEA at low current density (&lt;500 mA cm-2) and high gas backpressure (3 bar). This result indicates that the catalyst utilization efficiency in the plasma prepared anode is 100 times higher than that in the commercial anode ( versus ). For plasma prepared cathodes with 0.1 mgPt cm-2, the cathodic Pt utilization efficiency is , which is 3 times higher than that obtained in the commercial cathode.
Wideband Micromachined Transitions for MEMS Tunable High-Q Filters (2006)

Two types of micromachined RF transitions for interconnecting coplanar waveguides (CPW) on silicon to microstrip lines suspended on membranes are presented. These transitions are a critical component for developing MEMS tunable high-Q filters for Ka and U-band applications. Their fabrication is based on a DRIE etching process which provides excellent control of the size and shape of the etched structure, therefore excellent control of the transition's RF performance. The presented transitions have sufficient bandwidth for covering the 35-55 GHz range within which the MEMS tunable filters is operating
Flotillin-dependent lipid-raft microdomains are required for functional phagolysosomes against fungal infections (2019)

SUMMARY Lipid rafts form signaling platforms on biological membranes with incompletely characterized role in immune response to infection. Here we report that lipid raft microdomains are essential components of the phagolysosomal membrane of macrophages. Genetic deletion of the lipidraft chaperons flotillin-1 and flotillin-2 demonstrate that the assembly of both major defense complexes vATPase and NADPH oxidase on the phagolysosomal membrane requires lipid rafts. Furthermore, we discovered a new virulence mechanism leading to the dysregulation of lipid-raft formation by melanized wild-type conidia of the important human-pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus . This results in reduced phagolysosomal acidification. Phagolysosomes with ingested melanized conidia contain a reduced amount of free Ca 2+ ions as compared to phagolysosomes with melanin-free conidia. In agreement with a role of Ca 2+ for generation of functional lipid rafts, we show that Ca 2+ -dependent calmodulin activity is required for lipid-raft formation on the phagolysosome. We identified a single nucleotide polymorphism in the human FLOT1 gene that results in heightened susceptibility for invasive aspergillosis in hematopoietic stem-cell transplant recipients. Collectively, flotillin-dependent lipid rafts on the phagolysosomal membrane play an essential role in protective antifungal immunity in humans.
[Pinealon and Cortexin influence on behavior and neurochemical processes in 18-month aged rats within hypoxia and hypothermia]. (2018)

The research of Cortexin and Pinealon within two models of stress, acute hypobaric hypoxia and mild hypothermia, within 18-month aged rats has been held. The peculiarities of peptide preparations' influence on behavior and neurochemical indeces have been identified. Cortexin shows a more pronounced effect on free radical processes and caspase 3 activity in brain than Pinealon. Both preparations forward an accumulation of adrenergic mediator within rats' brains in the model of acute hypobaric hypoxia, as well as serotonin within cerebrum cortex in the model of mild hypothermia, which may underlie their geroprotective effects.
Tissue Engineering of Recellularized Small-Diameter Vascular Grafts (2005)

A tissue-engineered small-diameter arterial graft would be of benefit to patients requiring vascular reconstructive procedures. Our objective was to produce a tissue-engineered vascular graft with a high patency rate that could withstand arterial pressures. Rat arteries were acellularized with a series of detergent solutions, recellularized by incubation with a primary culture of endothelial cells, and implanted as interposition grafts in the common femoral artery. Acellular grafts that had not been recellularized were implanted in a separate group of control animals. No systemic anticoagulants were administered. Grafts were explanted at 4 weeks for definitive patency evaluation and histologic examination; 89% of the recellularized grafts and 29% of the control grafts remained patent. Elastin staining demonstrated the preservation of elastic fibers within the media of the acellular grafts before implantation. Immunohistochemical staining of explanted grafts demonstrated a complete layer of endothelial cells on the lumenal surface in grafts that remained patent. Smooth muscle cells were observed to have repopulated the vessel walls. The mechanical properties of the matrix were comparable to native vessels. Such a strategy may present an alternative to autologous harvest of small vessels for use in vascular bypass procedures.
The effect of added complex carbohydrates or added dietary fiber on necrotic enteritis lesions in broiler chickens (1997)

Two trials utilizing two corn diets and four wheat diets were conducted. In Trial 2, all chicks were crop-infused at 9 d of age with Eimeria acervulina. In both trials, a broth culture of Clostridium perfringens was mixed with the diets for 3 consecutive d. Necrotic enteritis lesion scores were lowest in chickens consuming the corn diet with no C. perfringens and highest in chickens fed the wheat diets with C. perfringens. Chickens consuming a wheat diet with no added complex carbohydrates or added fiber exhibited the highest lesion score. Chickens on wheat diets with 4% new, ground, pine shavings had intestinal lesion scores intermediate to those of chickens that consumed the wheat or corn diets. Chickens consuming corn diets yielded the lowest lesion scores. Chickens provided diets containing either guar gum or pectin were not fully consumed and thus probably reduced the number of challenge organisms ingested.
Die zusätzliche endobiliäre Radiofrequenzablation verbessert das Überleben von Patienten mit irresektablem extrahepatischem Gallengangskarzinom unter systemischer Chemotherapie (2021)

Einleitung Aktueller First-Line-Standard in der Palliation des irresektablen extrahepatischen Cholangiokarzinoms (eCCA) ist die systemische Chemotherapie (CT) mit Gemcitabin und einem Platinderivat, sowie die Optimierung der biliären Drainage mittels Stentimplantation. Zusätzlich steht als endoskopisches lokalablatives Verfahren neben der photodynamischen Therapie auch die endobiliäre Radiofrequenzablation (eRFA) zur Behandlung der malignen Gallengangsstrikturen zur Verfügung.
Crisis in Infectious Diseases: 2 Decades Later (2017)

The development of nontoxic broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs in the mid-20th century led to a culture of empiricism, underdevelopment of diagnostics, neglect of immunotherapy, and selection for drug resistance, which together created the conditions that underlie the current crisis. In 1996 an article in this journal predicted a crisis in infectious diseases, which subsequently unfolded with a paucity of new drugs, increases in antimicrobial resistance, and underdevelopment in both immunotherapy and diagnostics. This article argues that the root cause of the current-day problems lies in the enormous success of the mid-20th century antibiotic revolution. The availability of low-toxicity broad-spectrum drugs fostered a culture of empiricism and widespread use, which in turn stunted the development of both the specialty and rapid diagnostics while promoting increases in resistance. Two decades later, there are promising signs that widespread recognition of these problems is leading to fundamental changes in the approach to the therapy of infectious diseases. Ultimately, a concerted effort to simultaneously develop pathogen-specific drugs, immunotherapy, and improved diagnostics could provide a qualitatively new platform for confronting the challenge of infectious diseases, which now also includes host dysbiosis.
402 Gb/s PAM-8 IM/DD O-Band EML Transmission (2021)

We demonstrate record 402 Gb/s PAM-8 gross bit rate IM/DD transmission employing a single DAC directly driving an O-band EML. Considering 15.31%-overhead SD-FEC, a net bit rate of 348.62 Gbit/s is achieved over 5km SSMF.
Systematic Investigation of Fluidic Damping in Mechanical Resonators with Dimensions Ranging from Mico- to Nano-Scale (2014)

We investigate the pressure dependent fluidic damping in mechanical resonators from room pressure down to 3 Pa for a broad variety of designs. Air gaps underneath the suspended parts ranging from micro to nano-scale lead to a wide operating regime from the continuum regime down to the free molecular flow regime. Two pposed simulation approaches for modelling the airflow inside the gap are presented and both approaches are compared to measurements of mechanical resonators.
Learning and recognition of 3D objects from appearance (2002)

The authors address the problem of automatically learning object models for recognition and pose estimation. In contrast to the traditional approach, they formulate the recognition problem as one of matching visual appearance rather than shape. The appearance of an object in a two-dimensional image depends on its shape, reflectance properties, pose in the scene, and the illumination conditions. While shape and reflectance are intrinsic properties of an object and are constant, pose and illumination vary from scene to scene. They present a new compact representation of object appearance that is parameterized by pose and illumination. They have conducted experiments using several objects with complex appearance characteristics.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Proceedings of the First International Workshop on End-to-End Test Script Engineering (2011)

It is our pleasure to welcome you to the first International Workshop on End-to-end Test Script Engineering (ETSE), co-located with the 2011 International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis.

In recent years, we have witnessed the growing importance of software test automation. In particular, the creation of automated test scripts has seen an increasing emphasis and interest in industry. Automated test scripts provide many benefits, such as repeatable, predictable, and efficient test executions. However, creating scripts from manual test cases can be tedious and can require significant up-front investment. Moreover, after the initial development, like any software system, the test scripts require maintenance. Thus, test scripts have a lifecycle---involving different development, maintenance, and validation activities---and must co-evolve with the application. To perform such activities efficiently (especially when the test suite of an application grows over time to consist of hundreds of scripts), the development of appropriate tools, techniques, and methods that encompass the entire test-script lifecycle is essential.

The goal of this first workshop is to emphasize the end-to-end aspect of test-script engineering, and provide a forum for academics and practitioners to discuss the challenges, accomplishments, opportunities, and promising research directions related to the development and maintenance of automated test scripts.

ETSE 2011 received nine submissions. Each submission was reviewed by at least three members of the Program Committee. The Program Committee discussed the papers online and accepted six papers. These include five regular papers and one position paper, which cover topics such as test modeling and instantiation, test-script design, and test-script repair.
WDM Silicon Modulators Based on Micro-ring Resonators (2006)

We demonstrate experimentally cascaded silicon micro-ring modulators for WDM interconnection systems. We show clean eye-diagrams when each of the four micro-ring modulators coupled to a single waveguide is modulated at 4 Gbit/s
Computer Image Analysis in the Study of Art (2008)

Although human telomerase catalytic subunit (TERT) has several cellular functions including telomere homeostasis, genomic stability, cell proliferation, and tumorigenesis, the molecular mechanism underlying anti-apoptosis regulated by TERT remains to be elucidated. Here, we show that ectopic expression of TERT in spontaneously immortalized human fetal fibroblast (HFFS) cells, which are a telomerase- and p53-positive, leads to increases of cell proliferation and transformation, as well as a resistance to DNA damage response and inactivation of p53 function. We found that TERT and a mutant TERT (no telomerase activity) induce expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and ectopic expression of bFGF also allows cells to be resistant to DNA-damaging response and to suppress activation of p53 function under DNA-damaging induction. Furthermore, loss of TERT or bFGF markedly increases a p53 activity and DNA-damage sensitivity in HFFS, HeLa and U87MG cells. Therefore, our findings indicate that a novel TERT-bFGF axis accelerates the inactivation of p53 and consequent increase of resistance to DNA-damage response.
Efficient Algorithms for Constant-Modulus Analog Beamforming (2021)

The use of a large-scale antenna array (LSAA) has become an important characteristic of multi-antenna communication systems to achieve beamforming gains such as in designing millimeter-wave (mmWave) systems to combat severe propagation losses. In such applications, each antenna element has to be driven by a radio frequency (RF) chain for the implementation of fully-digital beamformers, significantly increasing the hardware cost, complexity, and power consumption. Therefore, constant-modulus analog beamforming (CMAB) becomes a viable solution. In this paper, we consider the scaled analog beamforming (SAB) or constant-modulus analog beamforming (CMAB) architecture and design the system parameters by solving two variants of beampattern matching problem. In the first case, both the magnitude and phase of the beampattern are matched to the given desired beampattern whereas in the second case, only the magnitude of the beampattern is matched. Both the beampattern matching problems are cast as a variant of the constant-modulus least-squares (CLS) problem. We provide efficient algorithms based on the alternating majorization-minimization (AMM) framework that combines the alternating minimization and the MM frameworks and the conventional-cyclic coordinate descent (C-CCD) algorithms to solve the problem in each case. We also propose algorithms based on a new modified-CCD (M-CCD) based approach. For all the developed algorithms we prove convergence to a Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) point (or a stationary point). Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms converge faster than the state-of-the-art solutions. Among all the algorithms, the M-CCD-based algorithms have faster convergence when evaluated in terms of the number of iterations and the AMM-based algorithms offer lower complexity.
Federated Nearest Neighbor Classification with a Colony of Fruit-Flies: With Supplement (2021)

The mathematical formalization of a neurological mechanism in the olfactory circuit of a fruit-fly as a locality sensitive hash (Flyhash) and bloom filter (FBF) has been recently proposed and "reprogrammed" for various machine learning tasks such as similarity search, outlier detection and text embeddings. We propose a novel reprogramming of this hash and bloom filter to emulate the canonical nearest neighbor classifier (NNC) in the challenging Federated Learning (FL) setup where training and test data are spread across parties and no data can leave their respective parties. Specifically, we utilize Flyhash and FBF to create the FlyNN classifier, and theoretically establish conditions where FlyNN matches NNC. We show how FlyNN is trained exactly in a FL setup with low communication overhead to produce FlyNNFL, and how it can be differentially private. Empirically, we demonstrate that (i) FlyNN matches NNC accuracy across 70 OpenML datasets, (ii) FlyNNFL training is highly scalable with low communication overhead, providing up to $8\times$ speedup with $16$ parties.
An Exploratory Study on Long Dialogue Summarization: What Works and What's Next (2021)

Dialogue summarization helps readers capture salient information from long conversations in meetings, interviews, and TV series. However, real-world dialogues pose a great challenge to current summarization models, as the dialogue length typically exceeds the input limits imposed by recent transformer-based pre-trained models, and the interactive nature of dialogues makes relevant information more context-dependent and sparsely distributed than news articles. In this work, we perform a comprehensive study on long dialogue summarization by investigating three strategies to deal with the lengthy input problem and locate relevant information: (1) extended transformer models such as Longformer, (2) retrieve-then-summarize pipeline models with several dialogue utterance retrieval methods, and (3) hierarchical dialogue encoding models such as HMNet. Our experimental results on three long dialogue datasets (QMSum, MediaSum, SummScreen) show that the retrieve-then-summarize pipeline models yield the best performance. We also demonstrate that the summary quality can be further improved with a stronger retrieval model and pretraining on proper external summarization datasets.
Evaluation of intervalley energy of GaN conduction band by ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy (Conference Presentation) (2017)

The energy difference between the lowest conduction band valleys is a fundamental semiconductor parameter affecting performance of electronic devices via intervalley electron scattering. Surprisingly, the intervalley energy (IVE) value in GaN is still disputed. Recent photoemission experiments showed that IVE is 0.90 – 0.95 eV, which is considerably smaller than the >2 eV values obtained by ab initio calculations. One of the suitable techniques to measure IVE is time-resolved spectroscopy. Excitation wavelength dependent photoluminescence and pump-probe transients allow pinpointing the onset of the intervalley scattering by increase of the electron relaxation time towards the bottom of the conduction band. In this work, we apply this approach by performing differential transmission (DT) and reflection (DR) measurements on n-GaN crystal. In DR, ultraviolet (UV) pump creates electrons in the Γ valley at energies around the scattering threshold, and the onset energy is determined by the change of the electron relaxation time towards the bottom of the conduction band. However, IVE evaluated using this technique is affected by the poor knowledge of the valence band dispersion at large k values. This problem is circumvented in the DT measurements, in which only conduction band states are involved. The DT decay time spectrum provided the IVE value of 0.97 ± 0.02 eV, close to the photoemission data. Comparison of DT and DR intervalley scattering onsets allowed estimating the hole mass as 1.4m0. Modelling of the DR transients with rate equations produced intra-and intervalley electron - LO phonon scattering times of 30 and 15 fs, respectively.
Functional Dissection of the CCBE1 Protein (2015)

We propose that the collagen domains of CCBE1 are crucial for the activation of VEGFC in vitro and in vivo. The EGF domains of CCBE1 are dispensable for regulation of VEGFC processing in vitro, however, they are necessary for full lymphangiogenic activity of CCBE1 in vivo.