gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Precise method for angular alignment of birefringent fibers based on an interferometric technique with a broadband source (1987)

A new method for precisely aligning the principal axes between two birefringent fibers is presented using a Michelson interferometer and a broadband source. Angular alignment can be accomplished by measuring the interference peak value corresponding to the rotation angle between the principal axes of the birefringent fibers. Angular alignment accuracy is limited by the mode coupling produced near the connection with reduced dependence on the fiber crosstalk. Following the experiment, minimum angular misalignment was +/-0.086 degrees , which corresponds to -56-dB crosstalk at the connection.
Long-Lasting Desynchronization of Plastic Neural Networks by Random Reset Stimulation (2021)

Excessive neuronal synchrony is a hallmark of neurological disorders such as epilepsy and Parkinson's disease. An established treatment for medically refractory Parkinson's disease is high-frequency (HF) deep brain stimulation (DBS). However, symptoms return shortly after cessation of HF-DBS. Recently developed decoupling stimulation approaches, such as Random Reset (RR) stimulation, specifically target pathological connections to achieve long-lasting desynchronization. During RR stimulation, a temporally and spatially randomized stimulus pattern is administered. However, spatial randomization, as presented so far, may be difficult to realize in a DBS-like setup due to insufficient spatial resolution. Motivated by recently developed segmented DBS electrodes with multiple stimulation sites, we present a RR stimulation protocol that copes with the limited spatial resolution of currently available depth electrodes for DBS. Specifically, spatial randomization is realized by delivering stimuli simultaneously to <i>L</i> randomly selected stimulation sites out of a total of <i>M</i> stimulation sites, which will be called L/M-RR stimulation. We study decoupling by L/M-RR stimulation in networks of excitatory integrate-and-fire neurons with spike-timing dependent plasticity by means of theoretical and computational analysis. We find that L/M-RR stimulation yields parameter-robust decoupling and long-lasting desynchronization. Furthermore, our theory reveals that strong high-frequency stimulation is not suitable for inducing long-lasting desynchronization effects. As a consequence, low and high frequency L/M-RR stimulation affect synaptic weights in qualitatively different ways. Our simulations confirm these predictions and show that qualitative differences between low and high frequency L/M-RR stimulation are present across a wide range of stimulation parameters, rendering stimulation with intermediate frequencies most efficient. Remarkably, we find that L/M-RR stimulation does not rely on a high spatial resolution, characterized by the density of stimulation sites in a target area, corresponding to a large <i>M</i>. In fact, L/M-RR stimulation with low resolution performs even better at low stimulation amplitudes. Our results provide computational evidence that L/M-RR stimulation may present a way to exploit modern segmented lead electrodes for long-lasting therapeutic effects.
Acute Intracerebroventricular Administration of Neuropeptide Y Stimulates Corticosterone Output and Feeding but Not Insulin Output in Normal Rats (1996)

The effect of acute intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of neuropeptide Y (NPY) on basal and glucose- or arginine-stimulated insulinemia was studied in anesthetized and conscious rats. Basal insulinemia was not significantly increased relative to control values after NPY injection. The insulinemic response to an intravenous bolus of glucose or arginine was unaffected by prior NPY injection, glycemic profiles being identical in control and NPY-injected rats. Plasma NPY concentrations were double the corresponding control values at 20 min after i.c.v. NPY injection, but this difference was not statistically significant. Although peripheral NPY inhibits insulin secretion, these elevated plasma NPY concentrations occurred too late to explain the lack of effect of i.c.v. NPY on substrate-induced insulin secretion. Compared to control rats, marked increases in corticosteronemia were observed after i.c.v. NPY injection in conscious animals. When allowed to eat ad libitum at the end of each experiment, NPY-injected rats consumed significantly more chow in 20 min than controls. We conclude that although acute i.c.v. injection of a maximum dose of NPY had definite effects on plasma corticosterone concentrations and feeding, it favored neither the basal nor the substrate-induced insulin output.
Transport of Nanogel through Porous Media and Its Resistance to Water Flow (2014)

Abstract The application of nanoparticles in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) continues to gain attention in the oil industry due to its apparent potential. However, previous studies have focused on the evaluation of stiff particles, such as silica and aluminum oxide. In this paper, we present our experimental results of deformable nanoparticle transport behavior through porous media. Nanogel particles with sizes ranging from 100–285 nm were used to represent deformable nanoparticles. Core flooding tests were run using sandstone cores with water permeabilities ranging from 42 to 1,038 mD. We investigated the effects of the permeability, particle concentration, particle deformability, and flow rate on the particle propagation, resistance factor, and residual resistance factor (permeability reduction factor). The results show that the resistance factor ranged from 5 to 14 for rocks with permeabilities higher than 311 mD, indicating that the nanoparticles were able to transport easily through these rocks. However, the resistance increased to 383 when the permeability was as low as 41.2 mD, indicating that the nanogel could not penetrate the rock easily. After placing the particles, brine was injected at different flow rates. The results indicate that the nanoparticles effectively reduced the permeability of the rocks with the original permeabilities of 143 to 555.4 mD, but the residual resistance factor of the high-permeability rock (1,038 mD) was relatively small, ranging from 2.67 to 4.39. The resistance factor and residual resistance factor increased with the particle concentration and decreased with the flow rate, and both factors can be well fitted using power law equations as a function of velocity. The nanogel adsorption layer thickness decreased with the shear rate.
Effects of pH on human bone marrow stromal cells in vitro: Implications for tissue engineering of bone (2002)

The objective of this study was to address the hypothesis that changes in extracellular pH alter collagen gene expression, collagen synthesis, and alkaline phosphatase activity in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Potential effects of pH on cell function are of particular importance for tissue engineering because considerable effort is being placed on engineering biodegradable polymers that may generate a local acidic microenvironment on degradation. Human and murine single-cell marrow suspensions were plated at a density of 2 x 10(4) cells/cm(2). After 7 days in culture, the pH of the culture medium was adjusted to one of six ranges: > or = 7.8, 7.5.-7.7, 7.2-7.4, 6.9-7.1, 6.6-6.8, or < or = 6.5. After 48 h of exposure to an altered pH, alkaline phosphatase activity and collagen synthesis decreased significantly with decreasing pH. This decrease was two-to threefold as pH decreased from 7.5 to 6.6. In contrast, alpha1(I) procollagen mRNA levels increased two- to threefold as pH was decreased. The trend in osteocalcin mRNA expression was opposite to that of collagen. Small shifts in extracellular pH led to significant changes in the ability of BMSCs to express markers of the osteoblast phenotype. These pH effects potentially relate to the microenvironment supplied by a tissue-engineering scaffold and suggest that degrading polymer scaffolds may influence the biologic activity of the cells in the immediate environment.
A Caenorhabditis elegans ortholog of human selenium-binding protein 1 is a pro-aging factor protecting against selenite toxicity (2019)

Human selenium-binding protein 1 (SELENBP1) was originally identified as a protein binding selenium, most likely as selenite. SELENBP1 is associated with cellular redox and thiol homeostasis in several respects, including its established role as a methanethiol oxidase that is involved in degradation of methanethiol, a methionine catabolite, generating hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) and hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>). As both H<sub>2</sub>S and reactive oxygen species (such as H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) are major regulators of Caenorhabditis elegans lifespan and stress resistance, we hypothesized that a SELENBP1 ortholog in C. elegans would likely be involved in regulating these aspects. Here we characterize Y37A1B.5, a putative selenium-binding protein 1 ortholog in C. elegans with 52% primary structure identity to human SELENBP1. While conferring resistance to toxic concentrations of selenite, Y37A1B.5 also attenuates resistance to oxidative stress and lowers C. elegans lifespan: knockdown of Y37A1B.5 using RNA interference resulted in an approx. 10% increase of C. elegans lifespan and an enhanced resistance against the redox cycler paraquat, as well as enhanced motility. Analyses of transgenic reporter strains suggest hypodermal expression and cytoplasmic localization of Y37A1B.5, whose expression decreases with worm age. We identify the transcriptional coregulator MDT-15 and transcription factor EGL-27 as regulators of Y37A1B.5 levels and show that the lifespan extending effect elicited by downregulation of Y37A1B.5 is independent of known MDT-15 interacting factors, such as DAF-16 and NHR-49. In summary, Y37A1B.5 is an ortholog of SELENBP1 that shortens C. elegans lifespan and lowers resistance against oxidative stress, while allowing for a better survival under toxic selenite concentrations.
Effect of Ensilage of Rye Treated with Formic Acid and Lactic Acid Bacteria Inoculant on Ruminal Fermentation Characteristics (2020)

본 실험은 개미산 첨가 방법으로 제조한 제한발효 사일리지의효용성을 증명하기 위하여 반추위 발효 특성 변화에 미치는 영향을 유산발효 사일리지와 비교하였다. 호밀 재배 포장에서 4종의베일사일리지(무첨가, 유산균제 첨가, 개미산 첨가, 개미산칼슘염첨가)을 제조하였고, 18주 후에 각각 4개의 베일을 선택하여 발효품질을 조사하였다. 재료초의 건물 함량이 50% 정도로 비교적높았던 무첨가 사일리지와 유산균제 첨가 사일리지는 예건 사일리지와 유사한 발효특성을 보였다. 그러나 개미산과 개미산칼슘염 첨가 사일리지는 무처리 사일리지 보다 낙산 함량이 4배 정도높았고(P&amp;lt;0.05), 총 질소중 NH3-N의 평균 농도도 무첨가 보다2배 높은 (P&amp;lt;0.05) 낙산발효 특징을 보여주었다. 반추위 발효 특성 조사는 반추위 캐뉼라가 장착된 4두의 홀스타인 암소(평균체중 563kg)를 공시하여 4×4 Latin square design으로 실험을 수행하였다. 사료섭취 후 1, 2, 3 시간에서 유산균제 첨가 사일리지가개미산 첨가 사일리지보다 반추위 propionic acid 비율(%총 VFA) 이 높은 경향(P=0.1)을 보였고, 개미산 첨가 사일리지와 개미산칼슘염 첨가 사일리지를 섭취한 공시축의 반추위 낙산 비율은 사료섭취 후 1, 2, 3, 5시간 모두에서 무처리와 유산균제 첨가 사일리지 보다 유의성 있게 높았다(P&amp;lt;005). 이상에서 보여주고 있는반추위 발효 양상의 차이를 볼 때, 유산균제 첨가 사일리지와 함께 제한발효 사일리지 도입은 사일리지 이용효율을 높이기 위한하나의 방안이 될 것이다.\n\nThis study investigated the effects of silage additives on rumen fermentation characteristics of rye silage. Rye was harvested at ripening stage and treated with different additives in quadruplicate following: without additive (control), with either lactic acid bacteria inoculant (LAB), formic acid (FA), or Ca-formate (Ca-FA). Overall, ensiling characteristics of FA and Ca-FA silages contained 4-fold more (P&amp;lt;0.05) butyrate and 2-fold more (P&amp;lt;0.05) NH3-N concentration (% total nitrogen) than those of control and LAB silages. Cows fed LAB silage showed a diurnal trend with the highest values of propionate concentration compared to the control at 1, 2 and 3 hr after feeding. In contrast, FA and Ca-FA silages increased the proportion of butyrate significantly (P&amp;lt;0.05) at all sampling times compared to control and LAB silage. In conclusion, Forage rye treated with FA or Ca-FA showed different fermentation characteristics during ensilage and in the rumen compared to LAB silage. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether different fermentation characteristics in the rumen between LAB and FA silages had effect on partitioning of nutrients between milk production and body tissue.
The Swine Erysipelas Vaccine SER-ME Effectively Protects Pigs against Challenge with the Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae M203/I257 SpaA-Type Variant (2022)

<i>Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae</i> causes swine erysipelas (SE). Sporadic SE outbreaks in Japan are mostly caused by the <i>E. rhusiopathiae</i> serovar 1a variant featured by methionine (M) and isoleucine (I) at amino acid positions 203 and 257 of the surface protective antigen (Spa) A protein (M203/I257 SpaA-type). To determine if current vaccines are effective against infection with this variant in pigs, one representative inactivated vaccine, SER-ME (containing <i>E. rhusiopathiae</i> serovar 2a), was evaluated. All vaccinated pigs survived without any apparent clinical signs after lethal challenge with the Fujisawa reference strain or the variant. This indicates that the SER-ME vaccine effectively protects pigs against the infection of <i>E. rhusiopathiae</i> M203/I257 SpaA-type variant. Current vaccines in Japan, including SER-ME, suggest that outbreaks in Japan are unlikely caused by vaccine failure.
Stereoselective chain elongation at C-3 of cysteine through 2,3-dihydrothiazoles, without racemization. Preparation of 2-amino-5-hydroxy-3-mercaptoalkanoic acid derivatives (1991)

The enantio pure thiazolines 1–3 have been prepared from cysteine; detailed procedures for the dimethyl ester 3 are described (intermediates 4–6). Addition of a cuprate (to give 7), of Danishefski's diene (to give 8) and of enamines (to give 10a–13a,14) to the thiazoline double bond are highly diastereoselective (single isomers of 10a–13a are obtained). The keto-alkylated products 10a–13a are reduced to 5-(β-hydroxyalkyl)thiazolidinedicarboxylates 10b–13b(or the epimers 10c and 13c). The configurations at the up to three new stereogenic centres have been assigned by NMR spectroscopy (cf. the bicyclic lactones 10d and 10e). In one case, a free α-amino-β-mercapto-δ-hydroxy carboxylic acid was prepared (15). The overall process constitutes a stereoselective replacement of HRe at C-3 in L- or (R)-cysteine by a chain of carbon atoms, the key step being a Michael addition to an enantiopure 2,3-dehydrocysteine derivative 3.
Numerical and Experimental Examination for Oil Pump System Using a Simplified Uncoupled Simulation Model (2014)

Compressors with variable capacity are employed in domestic applications where better performance, fine temperature control, low power consumption and low noise levels are required. This is achievable not only by the use of an electronic inverter drive capable of operating at different frequencies, but also by technology applied in mechanical, electrical, acoustic and thermodynamic subsystems, making possible to control its cooling capacity, fully meeting the product requirements. One fundamental condition of operation is to ensure proper lubrication of mechanical components, for 100% of compressors, operating throughout its speed range, ensuring full operation throughout its lifetime. To do that, several methods are used to pump the oil towards the bearings. This task is easily performed when the compressor’s crankshaft has high kinetic rotating energy. On the other hand, it becomes a challenge when compressor operates at lower speeds. In this case, computational techniques, using numerical methods in commercial simulators, have aided on designing oil pumping devices that maximizes the oil flow rate. Through numerical and experimental techniques, this study aims to propose a simplified, uncoupled simulation model for the compressor oil supply system. The primary response variable is the volumetric oil flow rate of a helical pump, regarding the following analysis factors: a) the immersion depth and b) shaft rotation. Numerical results from uncoupled proposed model have shown good agreement with experimental data.
Reversing the effects of androgen‐deprivation therapy in men with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (2021)

In the present study, BAT was associated with significant improvements in body composition, lipid parameters, and quality of life. This has promising implications for the long-term health of men with mCRPC.
Ultrasonic imaging system using a moving random phase mask with asymmetric thickness distribution and third-order correlation-function analysis (1978)

A new ultrasonic imaging system is proposed which uses a moving asymmetric random phase mask with a δ correlated property. It is shown that the system can achieve higher resolution and less attenuation compared with a conventional system using second-order correlation-function analysis. The system presented in this letter also has the advantage that it is not affected by additive Gaussian noises which are independent of the signal. The usefulness of the system is demonstrated by experimental results for one-dimensional objects.
[Intralipid infusion in familial hypercholesterolemia]. (1989)

Intralipid, used for intravenous alimentation and containing triglyceride emulsion particles and phospholipid liposomes, has been shown to induce regression of atherosclerosis in experimental animals. Intravenous infusions of Intralipid were given to 2 patients with severe familial hypercholesterolemia refractory to conventional therapy, and to control subjects. Intracellular cholesterol esterification was inhibited in macrophages incubated with serum taken during infusions as compared to the preinfusion state, with maximal effect after 6 h of infusion. A significant decrease in platelet aggregation was also demonstrated in both groups, which persisted for 18 h after infusion. We conclude that infusion of Intralipid may have anti-atherogenic effects and plan to use it in patients with severe atherosclerosis.
Interleukin 5 regulates the isoform expression of its own receptor α-subunit (2000)

The receptor for interleukin 5 (IL-5) consists of a cytokine-specific alpha chain (IL-5Ralpha) and a signaling beta chain, which is shared with interleukin 3 (IL-3) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). These 3 cytokines can act in eosinophil development and activation in vitro, but gene deletion or antibody blocking of IL-5 largely ablates eosinophilic responses in models of allergic disease or helminth infection. We investigated factors acting in differential IL-5Ralpha gene splicing to generate either the membrane-anchored isoform (TM-IL-5Ralpha) which associates with the common beta chain to allow IL-5 responsiveness, or a secreted, antagonist variant (SOL-IL-5Ralpha). In a murine myeloid cell line (FDC-P1), transfected with minigenes allowing expression of either IL-5Ralpha variant, IL-5 itself, but not IL-3 or GM-CSF, stimulated a reversible switch toward expression of TM-IL-5Ralpha. A switch from predominantly soluble isoform to TM-IL-5Ralpha messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was also seen during IL-5-driven eosinophil development from human umbilical cord blood-derived CD34(+) cells; this was accompanied by surface expression of IL-5Ralpha and acquisition of functional responses to IL-5. IL-3 and GM-CSF also supported eosinophil development and up-regulation of TM-IL-5Ralpha mRNA in this system, but this was preceded by expression of IL-5 mRNA and was inhibited by monoclonal antibody to IL-5. These data suggest IL-5-specific signaling, not shared by IL-3 and GM-CSF, leading to a switch toward up-regulation of functional IL-5Ralpha and, furthermore, that IL-3 and GM-CSF-driven eosinophil development is dependent on IL-5, providing an explanation for the selective requirement of IL-5 for expansion of the eosinophil lineage. (Blood. 2000;95:1600-1607)
3‐D physical modeling for acquisition geometry studies (1999)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 19993‐D physical modeling for acquisition geometry studiesAuthors: Gerrit BlacquièreArno VolkerLeo OngkiehongGerrit BlacquièreLaboratory of Seismics and Acoustics, Delft University of Technology, Arno VolkerLaboratory of Seismics and Acoustics, Delft University of Technology, and Leo OngkiehongLaboratory of Seismics and Acoustics, Delft University of Technologyhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1821111 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InReddit Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1821111FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byComputational methods for large-scale 3D acoustic finite-difference modeling: A tutorialJohn T. Etgen and Michael J. O'Brien23 August 2007 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 72, No. 5Removal of internal multiples with the common-focus-point (CFP) approach: Part 2 — Application strategies and data examplesD. J. Verschuur and A. J. Berkhout23 May 2005 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 70, No. 3CFP‐approach to time‐lapse angle‐dependent reflectivity analysisP. L. A. Winthaegen and D. J. Verschuur3 January 2005 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1999 ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645 Copyright: 1999 Pages: 2061 publication data© 1999 Copyright © 1999 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 04 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Gerrit Blacquière, Arno Volker, and Leo Ongkiehong, (1999), "3‐D physical modeling for acquisition geometry studies," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 665-668. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1821111 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
A Protocol for Implementing Various DHT Algorithms (2006)

This document defines DHT-independent and DHT-dependent features of
DHT algorithms and presents a comparison of Chord, Pastry and
Kademlia. It then describes key DHT operations and their information
requirements.
The Measurement of Full-Surface Internal Heat Transfer Coefficients for Turbine Airfoils Using a Nondestructive Thermal Inertia Technique (2003)

A new method has been developed and demonstrated for the non-destructive, quantitative assessment of internal heat transfer coefficient distributions of cooled metallic turbine airfoils. The technique employs the acquisition of full-surface external surface temperature data in response to a thermal transient induced by internal heating/cooling, in conjunction with knowledge of the part wall thickness and geometry, material properties, and internal fluid temperatures. An imaging Infrared camera system is used to record the complete time history of the external surface temperature response during a transient initiated by the introduction of a convecting fluid through the cooling circuit of the part. The transient data obtained is combined with the cooling fluid network model to provide the boundary conditions for a finite element model representing the complete part geometry. A simple 1-D lumped thermal capacitance model for each local wall position is used to provide a first estimate of the internal surface heat transfer coefficient distribution. A 3-D inverse transient conduction model of the part is then executed with updated internal heat transfer coefficients until convergence is reached with the experimentally measured external wall temperatures as a function of time. This new technique makes possible the accurate quantification of full-surface internal heat transfer coefficient distributions for prototype and production metallic airfoils in a totally nondestructive and non-intrusive manner. The technique is equally applicable to other material types and other cooled/heated components.