gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Heat Transfer and Film Cooling Effectiveness in a Linear Airfoil Cascade (1995)

A warm (315 C) wind tunnel test facility equipped with a linear cascade of film cooled vane airfoils was used in the simultaneous determination of the local gas side heat transfer coefficients and the adiabatic film cooling effectiveness. The test rig can be operated in either a steady-state or a transient mode. The steady-state operation provides adiabatic film cooling effectiveness values while the transient mode generates data for the determination of the local heat transfer coefficients from the temperature-time variations and of the film effectiveness from the steady wall temperatures within the same aero-thermal environment. The linear cascade consists of five airfoils. The 14% cascade inlet free stream turbulence intensity is generated by a perforated plate, positioned upstream of the airfoil leading edge. For the first transient tests, five cylinders having roughly the same blockage as the initial 20% axial chord of the airfoils were used. The cylinder stagnation point heat transfer coefficients compare well with values calculated from correlations. Static pressure distributions measured over an instrumented airfoil agree with inviscid predictions. Heat transfer coefficients and adiabatic film cooling effectiveness results were obtained with a smooth airfoil having three separate film injection locations, two along the suction side, and the third one covering the leading edge showerhead region. Near the film injection locations, the heat transfer coefficients increase with the blowing film. At the termination of the film cooled airfoil tests, the film holes were plugged and heat transfer tests were conducted with non-film cooled airfoils. These results agree with boundary layer code predictions.
Time-resolved reflectivity measurements on a plasma mirror with few-cycle laser pulses (2007)

We present time-resolved reflectivity measurements on a plasma mirror and demonstrate the contrast improvement of sub-10-fs pulses. Detailed characterization of the spatial peak and the average reflectivity, the spatial and temporal properties of the reflected pulses for p- and also for s-polarization are discussed. A complete third-order correlation is measured to compare the temporal structures of the pulses before and after the plasma mirror. Simulation of the hydrodynamic expansion of the plasma supports the measured pulse properties after the reflection.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Binding Affinity of Homologated Adenosine Analogues as A3 Adenosine Receptor Ligands. (2011)

Abstract The synthesis of the adenosine analogues (V) proceeds via Co 2 (CO) 8 ‐catalyzed siloxymethylation as the key step.
Differential activity of mGlu7 allosteric modulators provides evidence for mGlu7/8 heterodimers at hippocampal Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses (2022)

Glutamate acts at eight metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor subtypes expressed in a partially overlapping fashion in distinct brain circuits. Recent evidence indicates that specific mGlu receptor protomers can heterodimerize and that these heterodimers can exhibit different pharmacology when compared to their homodimeric counterparts. Group III mGlu agonist-induced suppression of evoked excitatory potentials and induction of long-term potentiation at Schaffer collateral-CA1 (SC-CA1) synapses in the rodent hippocampus can be blocked by the selective mGlu<sub>7</sub> negative allosteric modulator (NAM), ADX71743. Curiously, a different mGlu<sub>7</sub> NAM, 6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-3-pyridin-4-ylisoxazonolo[4,5-c]pyridin-4(5H)-one, failed to block these responses in brain slices despite its robust activity at mGlu<sub>7</sub> homodimers in vitro. We hypothesized that this might result from heterodimerization of mGlu<sub>7</sub> with another mGlu receptor protomer and focused on mGlu<sub>8</sub> as a candidate given the reported effects of mGlu<sub>8</sub>-targeted compounds in the hippocampus. Here, we used complemented donor acceptor-resonance energy transfer to study mGlu<sub>7/8</sub> heterodimer activation in vitro and observed that ADX71743 blocked responses of both mGlu<sub>7/7</sub> homodimers and mGlu<sub>7/8</sub> heterodimers, whereas 6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-3-pyridin-4-ylisoxazonolo[4,5-c]pyridin-4(5H)-one only antagonized responses of mGlu<sub>7/7</sub> homodimers. Taken together with our electrophysiology observations, these results suggest that a receptor with pharmacology consistent with an mGlu<sub>7/8</sub> heterodimer modulates the activity of SC-CA1 synapses. Building on this hypothesis, we identified two additional structurally related mGlu<sub>7</sub> NAMs that also differ in their activity at mGlu<sub>7/8</sub> heterodimers, in a manner consistent with their ability to inhibit synaptic transmission and plasticity at SC-CA1. Thus, we propose that mGlu<sub>7/8</sub> heterodimers are a key molecular target for modulating the activity of hippocampal SC-CA1 synapses.
Two antisense promoters in the immunoglobulin mu-switch region drive expression of c-myc in the Burkitt's lymphoma cell line BL67. (1992)

In the Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) cell line BL67 the first exon of the c-myc gene is fused to the mu-switch region of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene (IgH). BL67 cells express IgH/c-myc hybrid RNAs which are initiated in the immunoglobulin locus, transcribed across the chromosomal breakpoint into the first exon of c-myc and spliced using the physiological splice donor and acceptor sites of the c-myc gene. We have isolated cDNAs of these hybrid RNAs and characterized the start points in the Ig heavy-chain gene. Two promoters were identified in the mu-switch region of BL67 cells which give rise to antisense transcription of the mu-gene. These promoters are also active in other BL cell lines, in B cells without Ig translocation and in a T-cell line. Both promoters co-localize with DNAase I-hypersensitive sites, HNF and HSW, in the mu-switch region. The structures of IgH/c-myc hybrid RNAs and of the corresponding promoters are described.
The effect of service convenience on post‐purchasing behaviours (2010)

Abstract Purpose – This paper attempts to investigate the casual relationships among service convenience, perceived service value, perceived service guarantee strength, customer satisfaction, and loyalty. Although previous studies have addressed the importance of these variables, the understanding of the mediating effect of customer‐perceived service value and the moderating effect of customer‐perceived service guarantee strength on customer post‐purchasing behaviours still remain key issues. Design/methodology/approach – A statistical analysis of the collected questionnaires was computed based on the 498 usable responses from the four branches of the selected Chinese chain restaurant. Structural equation modelling is the essential analysis methodology used to examine the hypothesised relationships among the variables. Findings – Analysis confirms that customer satisfaction is positively influenced by service convenience, whereas customer loyalty is positively influenced by customer satisfaction. Furthermore, customer satisfaction is indirectly influenced by service convenience through perceived service value. Finally, another key finding is the relationship between service convenience and customer satisfaction, which is stronger for customers who perceive high service guarantee strength than for those who perceive low service guarantee strength. Originality/value – The study contributes to a conceptual model that, reflecting the mediating role of customer‐perceived service value and the moderating role of customer‐perceived service guarantee strength, indicates the effect of service convenience on customers' post‐purchasing behaviours.
Continuous Verification for Cryptographic Protocol Development (2017)

The proliferation of connected devices has motivated a surge in the development of cryptographic protocols to support a diversity of devices and use cases. To address this trend, we propose continuous verification, a methodology for secure cryptographic protocol design that consists of three principles: (1) repeated use of verification tools; (2) judicious use of common message components; and (3) inclusion of verifiable model specifications in standards. Our recommendations are derived from previous work in the formal methods community, as well as from our past experiences applying verification tools to improve standards. Through a case study of IETF protocols for the IoT, we illustrate the power of continuous verification by (i) discovering flaws in the protocols using the Cryptographic Protocol Shapes Analyzer (CPSA); (ii) identifying the corresponding fixes based on the feedback provided by CPSA; and (iii) demonstrating that verifiable models can be intuitive, concise and suitable for inclusion in standards to enable third-party verification and future modifications.
Sex differences in proinflammatory cytokine profiles of progressive patients in multiple sclerosis (2005)

The objective of this article is to evaluate the presence of sex differences in expression of cytokines in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells derived from peripheral blood of untreated multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. The predominance of females in MS and other autoimmune diseases may be related to their differential responses in many immunological settings. Recent data show beneficial effect of sex hormones on proinflammatory cytokine levels and on magnetic resonance imaging in MS. Better understanding of gender differences is warranted. In this study 124 MS subjects (M:F; 56:68) and 34 healthy controls (M:F; 12:22) were included. Stimulated peripheral blood-derived CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were analysed for interferon-gamma, interleukin (IL)-2, tumour necrosis factor alpha, IL-4, IL- 10 and IL- 13 production. There were no significant differences for these cytokines between male and female MS subjects in the whole group. Compared to males, female patients had higher proinflammatory cytokine levels in the progressive phase of the disease. In conclusion, the data presented indicate that cytokine production and sex differences in cytokine production might differ between disease phases, probably related to underlying disease mechanisms.
The PML domain of PML-RARα blocks senescence to promote leukemia. (2014)

International audience
When Good Hues Go Bad (2004)

A psychophysical experiment was performed to determine the direction of least and most preferred color shifts for digital images. 360 images were subdivided into 18 hue regions. The pixels in each hue region were shifted eight directions in IPT color space, and observers were asked to classify which direction was least preferred, and which was most preferred. From these data preference maps were generated indicating the shifts in color space that should be avoided, if possible, when designing color reproduction systems.
Heterogeneous Doppler Spread-based CSI Estimation Planning for TDD Massive MIMO (2018)

Massive multi-input multi-output (Massive MIMO) has been recognized as a key technology to meet the demand for higher data capacity and massive connectivity. Nevertheless, the number of active users is restricted due to training overhead and the limited coherence time. Current wireless systems assume the same coherence slot duration for all users, regardless of their heterogeneous Doppler spreads. In this paper, we exploit this neglected degree of freedom in addressing the training overhead bottleneck. We propose a new uplink training scheme where the periodicity of pilot transmission differs among users based on their actual channel coherence times. Since the changes in the wireless channel are, primarily, due to movement, uplink training decisions are optimized, over long time periods, while considering the evolution of the users channels and locations. Owing to the different rates of the wireless channel and location evolution, a two time scale control problem is formulated. In the fast time scale, an optimal training policy is derived by choosing which users are requested to send their pilots. In the slow time scale, location estimation decisions are optimized. Simulation results show that the derived training policies provide a considerable improvement of the cumulative average spectral efficiency even with partial location knowledge.
Brain-computer interface for the communication of acute patients: a feasibility study and a randomized controlled trial comparing performance with healthy participants and a traditional assistive device (2016)

This study presents the outcome of the 5-year-long French national project aiming at the development and evaluation of an effective brain-computer interface (BCI) prototype for the communication of patients with acute motor disabilities. It presents results from two clinical studies: a clinical feasibility study carried out partly in the intensive care unit (ICU) and the clinical evaluation of an innovative BCI prototype. In this second study the BCI performance of patients was compared to that of healthy volunteers and benchmarked against a traditional assistive technology (scanning device). Altogether, 15 of 22 patients could control the BCI system with an accuracy significantly above the chance level. The bit-rate of the traditional assistive technology proved superior, even though an equivalent bit-rate could be achieved using personalized parameters for the BCI. Fatigue was found to be the primary limitation factor, which was particularly true for patients and during the use of the BCI. A classifier based on Riemannian geometry was found to contribute significantly to the accuracy of the BCI system. This study demonstrates that the communication of patients with severe motor impairments can be effectively restored using an adequately designed BCI system. All electrophysiological data are freely available at the Physionet.org platform.
Actions of orphanin FQ/nociceptin on rat ventral tegmental area neurons in vitro (2002)

1: Non-dopamine (putative GABAergic) neurons in the ventral tegmental area are in a position to influence mesolimbic functions by their inhibitory terminals that impinge locally on dopamine neurons and via their GABAergic efferents that innervate mesolimbic structures. In the present study we investigated responses of non-dopamine and dopamine neurons, recorded intracellularly in the rat midbrain slice, to orphanin FQ/nociceptin, the endogenous ligand for opioid receptor-like orphan receptors. 2: When recording in either non-dopamine or dopamine neurons, orphanin FQ/nociceptin reduced the frequency of spike firing and caused membrane hyperpolarization under current-clamp, or produced outward current under voltage-clamp. Such responses were concentration-dependent and reversed at -108 mV and -102 mV in non-dopamine and dopamine neurons, respectively. 3: Hyperpolarizations to orphanin FQ/nociceptin were not altered by tetrodotoxin or the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone, but were reduced by the opioid receptor-like orphan receptor antagonist [Phe1(1)phiCH(2)-NH)Gly(2)]NC(1-13)NH(2) (1 microM). 4: In dopamine neurons, orphanin FQ/nociceptin reduced the frequency of bicuculline- and tetrodotoxin-sensitive spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic potentials, and reduced the amplitude of stimulus-evoked inhibitory postsynaptic potentials. 5: Taken together, the above data provide evidence that both non-dopamine and dopamine neurons are important substrates for orphanin FQ/nociceptin within the ventral tegmental area. Simultaneous inhibition of both non-dopamine and dopamine pathways by orphanin FQ/nociceptin may account for its influences on various ventral tegmental area-related functions.
Reclamation of Abrasive Slurry to Obtain SiC Ceramic Material (2022)

In the period of silicon and silicon carbide wafer slicing process, the abrasive oil, silicon carbide (SiC), silicon and trace elements e.g., iron, zinc, copper, and nickel is generated as an oily mixture of insoluble matter. The SiC is the main component (&gt;70%) in the abrasive slurry and the extraction of SiC from the slurry can eliminate the risk of illegal waste disposal and reduce the cost for the enterprises. In this study, a chemical separation process is applied to remove silicon particles and SiC can be extracted from the slurry mixtures. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that recycled material is moissanite with two crystalline polymorphs. The 3C and 6H X-ray powder pattern is observed and the cubic and hexagonal crystalline structure is revealed. The particle size distribution analysis showed that median value of purified SiC powder material is 9.8 μm.
Oxygen Reducing Enzymes Encapsulated in Silica Matrix By Chemical Vapor Deposition (2014)

Silica encapsulation is becoming a promising technique used to preserve the activity and prolong the stability of different bacteria, enzymes, and organelles. This allows continued functionality, while ceasing colonial growth in bacteria, and decreasing the catalytic decay in enymes 1 . This approach was extensively studied and explored in the development of enzymatic and bacterial electrodes for biofuel cell application 2,3 . University of New Mexico developed a technique for silica encapsulation - chemical vapor deposition (CVD). This technique relies on the extremely high volatility of the silica precursor (tetramethyl orthosilicate or TMOS), which interacts with water containing solution, carries out a hydrolysis and condensation creating silica gel (Fig. 1). This silica gel matrix is permeable to the electrolyte keeping the biological species hydrated. In this study, the influence of silica encapsulation on the performance, activity, and stability of three different oxygen reducing enzymes (bilirubin oxidase, laccase and ascorbate oxidase) were evaluated. Ink composites consisting of carbon nanotubes, tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) modified Nafion, 1-pyrenebutanoic acid succinimidyl ester (PBSE) and the enzymes were prepared. The inks were deposited on Rotating Disk Electrode (RDE) 4 . These electrodes were exposed to TMOS vapors to perform the encapsulation. The time of exposure was varied as a way to control the thickness of the created silica layer. Increased time of exposure leads to increased silica gel thickness and density. This was confirmed by the decrease of the generated current with the increased encapsulation time (Fig. 2). A thicker silicon layer introduces diffusional barrier that causes diffusional losses leading to decreased current production. Therefore the time of TMOS exposure is an important parameter that has to be carefully controlled. Although a linear dependence of the current recorded during the RDE measurements and the square root of the rotation rate (Fig. 3) was observed we cannot use the Koutecky-Levich equation to determine the number of electrons exchanged during the oxygen reduction reaction. An alternative approach was applied. References: 1. Bergogne, L., S. Fennouh, S. Guyon, J. Livage, C. Roux, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Sci. Technol. Sect. A. Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 2000 , 354, 79–89. 2. Luckarift, H. R., S. R. Sizemore, J. Roy, C. Lau, G. Gupta, P. Atanassov, G. R. Johnson Chem. Commun. , 2010 , 46, 6048–6050 3. Ivnitski, D., K. Artyuskova, R. A. Rincón, P. Atanassov, H. R. Luckarift, G. R. Johnson . Small 2008 , 4 (3), 357–364. 4. Brocato, S., Lau, C., and Atanassov, P. (2012) Mechanistic study of direct electron transfer in bilirubin oxidase, Electrochim. Acta , Elsevier Ltd 61 , 44–49.
Incremental Ensemble Gaussian Processes (2021)

Belonging to the family of Bayesian nonparametrics, Gaussian process (GP) based approaches have well-documented merits not only in learning over a rich class of nonlinear functions, but also in quantifying the associated uncertainty. However, most GP methods rely on a single preselected kernel function, which may fall short in characterizing data samples that arrive sequentially in time-critical applications. To enable {\it online} kernel adaptation, the present work advocates an incremental ensemble (IE-) GP framework, where an EGP meta-learner employs an {\it ensemble} of GP learners, each having a unique kernel belonging to a prescribed kernel dictionary. With each GP expert leveraging the random feature-based approximation to perform online prediction and model update with {\it scalability}, the EGP meta-learner capitalizes on data-adaptive weights to synthesize the per-expert predictions. Further, the novel IE-GP is generalized to accommodate time-varying functions by modeling structured dynamics at the EGP meta-learner and within each GP learner. To benchmark the performance of IE-GP and its dynamic variant in the adversarial setting where the modeling assumptions are violated, rigorous performance analysis has been conducted via the notion of regret, as the norm in online convex optimization. Last but not the least, online unsupervised learning for dimensionality reduction is explored under the novel IE-GP framework. Synthetic and real data tests demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes.
OpenPMF: A Model-Driven Security Framework for Distributed Systems (2004)

The wide-spread use of different distributed systems platforms and security technologies today makes the integration of distributed applications and the migration of existing applications to new technologies increasingly difficult. Model driven software development approaches try to tackle this problem by first modelling the application logic independent of technologies, and then by mapping this model to the technology. Security in distributed systems faces a similar problem because there are many different platforms and security technologies that need to be integrated. This paper illustrates how the concepts of model driven software engineering can be applied to security, and we present OpenPMF, our flexible, model-driven security framework in which a technology-independent abstract representation of the security policy is stored in a technology-independent policy repository, which is integrated with the underlying platform and security technology in a well-defined and flexible manner. Our architecture takes into account the separation of functional and non-functional properties of distributed applications. We also discuss the integration of our system with CORBA and CORBA Components.