gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Circuit-Theoretic Approach to State Estimation (2020)

Traditional state estimation (SE) methods that are based on nonlinear minimization of the sum of localized measurement error functionals are known to suffer from non-convergence and large residual errors. In this paper we propose an equivalent circuit formulation (ECF)-based SE approach that inherently considers the complete network topology and associated physical constraints. We analyze the mathematical differences between the two approaches and show that our approach produces a linear state-estimator that is mathematically a quadratic programming (QP) problem with closed-form solution. Furthermore, this formulation imposes additional topology-based constraints that provably shrink the feasible region and promote convergence to a more physically meaningful solution. From a probabilistic viewpoint, we show that our method applies prior knowledge into the estimate, thus converging to a more physics-based estimate than the traditional observation-driven maximum likelihood estimator (MLE). Importantly, incorporation of the entire system topology and underlying physics, while being linear, makes ECF-based SE advantageous for large-scale systems.
Flexible Figure-9 Yb:Fiber Laser: Operation Regimes and Noise Performance (2020)

We present a flexible figure-9 Yb: fiber-laser and investigate the impact of intra-cavity group delay dispersion on amplitude/phase noise. We show that the free-running carrier-envelope-offset frequency short-term linewidth can range from several MHz to &lt;10 kHz.
Combining Two-Photon Polymerisation and Photoreduction to Enable the Manufacture of Metamaterials at the Nanosale (2016)

Abstract : In this project, we investigated the feasibility of a new method of manufacturing metamaterials by combining two-photon polymerisation (2PP) and photo reduction. A new rig has been built for this purpose. The polymerisation of four materials, OrmoComp, SU8, IPL and PEGDA, based on different polymerisation mechanisms, has each been investigated. Au salt photo reduction has been demonstrated. Polymer-metal hybrid two-photon processing has been tested by mixing each of the four polymers with Au salt. The formulations for simultaneous polymerisation and reduction have been optimised, and methods for controlling each process independently have been explored. The use of a 532 nm laser in addition to the near IR laser for two photon absorption, has afforded control over the degree of polymerisation and reduction evident during fabrication.
Scoring short-term mortality after liver transplantation (2010)

Liver transplantation can prolong survival and improve the quality of life of patients with end-stage liver disease. This study retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 149 patients who had received liver transplants in a tertiary care university hospital from January 2000 to December 2007. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables were recorded. Each patient was assessed by 4 scoring systems before transplantation and on postoperative days 1, 3, 7, and 14. The overall 1-year survival rate was 77.9%. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score had better discriminatory power than the Child-Pugh points, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score, and RIFLE (risk of renal dysfunction, injury to the kidney, failure of the kidney, loss of kidney function, and end-stage kidney disease) criteria. Moreover, the SOFA score on day 7 post-liver transplant had the best Youden index and highest overall correctness of prediction for 3-month (0.86, 93%) and 1-year mortality (0.62, 81%). Cumulative survival rates at the 1-year follow-up after liver transplantation differed significantly (P < 0.001) between patients who had SOFA scores < or = 7 on post-liver transplant day 7 and those who had SOFA scores > 7 on post-liver transplant day 7. In conclusion, of the 4 evaluated scoring systems, only the SOFA scores calculated before liver transplantation were statistically significant predictors of 3-month and 1-year posttransplant mortality. SOFA on post-liver transplant day 7 had the best discriminative power for predicting 3-month and 1-year mortality after liver transplantation.
Large-scale synthesis of diammonium acetyl phosphate (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLarge-scale synthesis of diammonium acetyl phosphateGeorge M. Whitesides, Merrell Siegel, and Patricia GarrettCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1975, 40, 17, 2516–2519Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00905a021https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00905a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views232Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Self-Assembly of a Two-Dimensional Superlattice of Molecularly Linked Metal Clusters (1996)

Close-packed planar arrays of nanometer-diameter metal clusters that are covalently linked to each other by rigid, double-ended organic molecules have been self-assembled. Gold nanocrystals, each encapsulated by a monolayer of alkyl thiol molecules, were cast from a colloidal solution onto a flat substrate to form a close-packed cluster monolayer. Organic interconnects (aryl dithiols or aryl di-isonitriles) displaced the alkyl thiol molecules and covalently linked adjacent clusters in the monolayer to form a two-dimensional superlattice of metal quantum dots coupled by uniform tunnel junctions. Electrical conductance through such a superlattice of 3.7-nanometer-diameter gold clusters, deposited on a SiO 2 substrate in the gap between two gold contacts and linked by an aryl di-isonitrile [1,4-di(4-isocyanophenylethynyl)-2-ethylbenzene], exhibited nonlinear Coulomb charging behavior.
Deletion of manC in Corynebacterium glutamicum results in a phospho-myo-inositol mannoside- and lipoglycan-deficient mutant (2012)

Mannose is an important constituent of the immunomodulatory glycoconjugates of the mycobacterial cell wall: lipoarabinomannan (LAM), lipomannan (LM) and the related phospho-myo-inositol mannosides (PIMs). In Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the related bacillus Corynebacterium glutamicum, mannose is either imported from the medium or derived from glycolysis, and is subsequently converted into the nucleotide-based sugar donor guanosine diphosphomannose (GDP-mannose). This can be utilized by the glycosyltranferases of the GT-A/B superfamily or converted to the lipid-based donor polyprenyl monophosphomannose, and used as a substrate by the transmembrane glycosyltransferases of the GT-C superfamily. To investigate GDP-mannose biosynthesis in detail, the gene encoding a putative ManC in C. glutamicum was deleted. Deletion of manC resulted in a slow-growing mutant, with reduced but not totally abrogated guanosine diphosphomannose pyrophosphorylase activity. However, a comprehensive cell wall analysis revealed that C. glutamicumΔmanC is deficient in PIMs and LM/LAM. Closer inspection suggests that promiscuous ManC activity is contributed by additional putative nucleotidyltransferases, PmmB, WbbL1, GalU and GlmU, and a hypothetical protein, NCgl0715. Furthermore, complementation analyses of C. glutamicumΔmanC with Rv3264c suggested that it is a true homologue of ManC in M. tuberculosis, and the essentiality of PIMs in M. tuberculosis makes it an attractive drug target.
Does Atherectomy Add Significantly to the Practice of Interventional Cardiology? (1996)

Andreas Gruentzig demonstrated that physicians could nonsurgicaliy “operate” within the coronary arteries to safely enlarge the lumen of narrowed vessels. Over the past 18 years, the practice of coronary balloon angioplasty [percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)] has been extended considerably beyond the initial anatomic indications (single discrete concentric stenoses) to encompass success in a wide variety of lesions and in the presence of unstable clinical conditions. Despite this success, PTCA has several shortcomings that either limit its application or result in undesirable complications. As a result of these limitations, alternative methods for enlarging the lumen of diseased coronary arteries have been developed, including atherectomy devices that effect plaque removal. The question to be answered is whether atherectomy devices can become the primary percutaneous revascularizalion technique by improving procedure safety and long-term results or whether these will remain important “niche” devices to be used only for lesions with anatomically unfavorable features for PTCA.
Prostate Stromal Cells Express the Progesterone Receptor to Control Cancer Cell Mobility (2014)

Decreased expression of the PR in cancer associated stroma may contribute to the elevated SDF-1 and IL-6 levels in prostate tumors and enhance prostate tumor progression.
An Automatic Portable Near Surface Soil Characterization System (2009)

Soil strength, type, and moisture content are needed for site characterization applications and to assess the load carrying capacity of soil in construction control applications. Currently, no portable, automatic, easy-to-use field methods exist to measure the required soil parameters. In this paper, we describe a new instrument that integrates and extends two proven technologies, the cone penetrometer (CPT) and dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP). A portable Rapid Soil Characterization System is under development to perform near surface assessments to determine trafficability for heavy vehicles and aircraft. In the construction control context, the new device has the potential to eliminate errors in the measurement of soil strength due to soil type and moisture effects. A fully automatic prototype system has undergone limited field demonstration at the USACE facility in Vicksburg, MS. Preliminary laboratory and field test results indicate that the required soil geotechnical parameters can be extracted from dynamic penetration data, providing a near surface instrument that can provide accurate soil strength assessment to a depth of one meter.
Feasibility of Echocardiographic Particle Image Velocimetry for evaluation of cardiac left ventricular filling function (2014)

Heart disease is one of the primary causes of morbidity and mortality for the adult population over the age of 65. Furthermore, ailments such as hypertension can affect as many as 50% of the adult population over the age of 45. If left untreated, these ailments eventually precipitate the onset of diastolic dysfunction and heart failure. Diastolic dysfunction is the alteration or impairment of performance in either the left or right ventricle of the heart. Although there has been a marked increase in study of this disease, there is still an apparent difficulty to diagnose patients. Flow visualization techniques have been commonly employed to study the development of these diseases as they relate to the filling process of the ventricles. One method, Echo Particle Image Velocimetry (Echo-PIV) is a relatively new method for cardiac flow chamber visualization, with the potential to provide physicians with a cost-effective and safe method for obtaining high temporal resolution recordings for extending knowledge on the filling processes in cardiac chamber flow. This work presents a new approach to extending the capabilities of Echo-PIV for more accurate measurement of cardiac flows for patients with poor quality recordings. Currently, much of the literature notes that temporal resolution and poor acoustic windows results in exclusion from study. These recordings are more representative of the contrast-enhancement studies used by physicians to better identify chamber walls. When applying standard PIV cross-correlation techniques, measurements tend to fail due to image noise and artifacts. By implementing a Moving Ensemble (MWE) with Product of Correlation (PoC) processing scheme, measurement accuracy, reliability, and robustness can be obtained for measurement in left ventricular filling assessment.
Characterization of critical residues in the cytoplasmic domain of the human interleukin‐5 receptor α chain required for growth signal transduction (1995)

Abstract Interleukin (IL)‐5 binds to a cell surface receptor composed of two polypeptide chains, α and β, both belonging to the hemopoietic cytokine receptor family. Mouse cells expressing common mouse β chain (AIC2B) that were transfected with human IL‐5 receptor (R)α cDNA proliferated in response to picomolar concentrations of human IL‐5, indicating that a functional receptor was reconstituted. We show that in these cells, human (h)IL‐5 as well as mouse (m)IL‐3 induce tyrosine phosphorylation of β chain and JAK 2 kinase. Phosphorylated β receptor was co‐precipitated with anti‐JAK 2 antibodies, suggesting that both molecules were physically associated. IL‐5 and IL‐3 also induce cytosolic DNA binding activity as measured by an electrophoretic mobility shift assay using the interferon‐γ responsive region of human Fc γ1 gene DNA element. A deletion mutant of hIL‐5Rα lacking the cytoplasmic part could bind hIL‐5 normally in association with the β chain, but was unable to transmit a biological signal. The cytoplasmic domain was also indispensable for tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of DNA binding proteins. A membrane‐proximal proline‐rich element of the hIL‐5Rα cytoplasmic domain that is conserved among different members of the hemopoietic cytokine receptor family was essential for biological activity. Point mutations in this motif also knocked out IL‐5‐inducible JAK 2 phosphorylation.
The Impression of Deliciousness through Food Photography (2021)

In food photography, factors like the camera angle, background, lighting, light color, and decorative elements are commonly manipulated to motivate consumption through the impression of deliciousness. Studies have demonstrated these factors’ relevance on several subjects related to food perception. Nevertheless, the effect that these factors might have on the impression of deliciousness remains unclear. Therefore, to comprehend visual deliciousness perception, this study tested food images where each factor was manipulated independently and tested the interactions between the factors. The results concluded that although the light color, number of decorative elements, and the type of decorative elements individually affected the impression of deliciousness, the interaction between these three factors did not have any effect. However, interactions between the light color and type of decorative elements; and the number and type of elements affected the impression of deliciousness, evidencing that the manipulation of such factors partially modulates the impression of deliciousness.
Optical performance monitoring: introduction to the feature issue (2004)

Feature Issue on Optical Performance Monitoring (OPM). This Journal of Optical Networking feature issue provides a wide snapshot of the state of the field with respect to optical performance monitoring (OPM). Several major research threads are represented.
Evaluation of a PPG-based algorithm for prediction of neurally mediated syncope (2016)

Syncope is a transient and self-limited loss of consciousness that affects mostly elderly people. Although it is not lethal it can lead to serious injuries and the appearance of severe medical complications. With a high socioeconomic and medical impact, it is highly pertinent to develop personalized health systems that are capable of predicting impending syncope events and avoid major complications. In the later years we have been assisting to a rising interest on wearable monitoring systems and in several devices (e.g. sports watches) the photoplethysmogram (PPG) is already being used due to the easy applicability, cost effectiveness and unobtrusiveness. Thus, the development of an algorithm for syncope prediction that can be integrated on such systems would be of huge interest. In this paper we evaluate an algorithm for syncope prediction based on the analysis of the PPG signal alone and we compare it to our former algorithm based on the joint analysis of the electrocardiogram (ECG) and PPG signals.
A Sensor for Thin Film Thickness Monitor Using Torsional Quartz Crystal Resonators of Stepped, Free-Free Bar-Type (1998)

This paper describes a quartz microsensor for monitoring thin film thickness. A microresonator of free-free bar-type with stepped vibration bar vibrating in torsion as well as that of tuning fork-type is very available for monitoring thin film thickness because it has excellent frequency temperature behavior over a wide temperature range of room temperature to high one of about 200°C. In this paper, a relationship of resonant frequency to thin film thickness of Au and Al is theoretically and experimentally clarified for the microresonator, so that the frequency deviation is proportional to the film thickness deposited on the top of the arm, and the calculated values show good agreement with the measured ones. This microresonator is, therefore, very available for monitoring thin film thickness.
The Aer-O-Scope: Proof of the Concept of a Pneumatic, Skill-Independent, Self-Propelling, Self-Navigating Colonoscope in a Pig Model (2006)

The propulsion mechanism used in this novel self-propelled, self-navigating colonoscope was effective and safe in pigs.
The atmosphere and architecture of WASP-189 b probed by its CHEOPS phase curve (2022)

Context. Gas giants orbiting close to hot and massive early-type stars can reach dayside temperatures that are comparable to those of the coldest stars. These ‘ultra-hot Jupiters’ have atmospheres made of ions and atomic species from molecular dissociation and feature strong day-to-night temperature gradients. Photometric observations at different orbital phases provide insights on the planet’s atmospheric properties. Aims. We aim to analyse the photometric observations of WASP-189 acquired with the Characterising Exoplanet Satellite (CHEOPS) to derive constraints on the system architecture and the planetary atmosphere. Methods. We implemented a light-curve model suited for an asymmetric transit shape caused by the gravity-darkened photosphere of the fast-rotating host star. We also modelled the reflective and thermal components of the planetary flux, the effect of stellar oblateness and light-travel time on transit-eclipse timings, the stellar activity, and CHEOPS systematics. Results. From the asymmetric transit, we measure the size of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-189 b, R p = 1.600 −0.016 +0.017 R J , with a precision of 1%, and the true orbital obliquity of the planetary system, Ψ p = 89.6 ± 1.2deg (polar orbit). We detect no significant hotspot offset from the phase curve and obtain an eclipse depth of δ ecl = 96.5 −5.0 +4.5 ppm, from which we derive an upper limit on the geometric albedo: A g &lt; 0.48. We also find that the eclipse depth can only be explained by thermal emission alone in the case of extremely inefficient energy redistribution. Finally, we attribute the photometric variability to the stellar rotation, either through superficial inhomogeneities or resonance couplings between the convective core and the radiative envelope. Conclusions. Based on the derived system architecture, we predict the eclipse depth in the upcoming Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) observations to be up to ~165 ppm. High-precision detection of the eclipse in both CHEOPS and TESS passbands might help disentangle reflective and thermal contributions. We also expect the right ascension of the ascending node of the orbit to precess due to the perturbations induced by the stellar quadrupole moment J 2 (oblateness).
A heteroduplex template circumvents the energetic requirement for ATP during activated transcription by RNA polymerase II (1994)

Unlike most eukaryotic and prokaryotic RNA polymerases, promoter-specific transcription by RNA polymerase II requires hydrolysis of the ATP beta-gamma phosphoanhydride bond. Here we show that a template containing a 10-base pair DNA mismatch encompassing the start site circumvents this requirement such that the non-hydrolyzable ATP analogues, ATP gamma S (adenosine 5'-O-(thiotriphosphate)) and AMP-PNP (adenyl-5'-yl imidodiphosphate), support both basal and GAL4-VP16-activated transcription in a reconstituted HeLa cell in vitro transcription system. The results imply that ATP regulates either opening of the template at the start site or a closely associated step.
Gold(I)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Optically Active 1,4-Oxazepan-7-ones (2014)

Optically active seven-membered lactones, dimethyleneoxazepanones, were readily prepared in good yields from chiral β-(N-propargylic)amino-α-methylene carboxylic acid tert-butyl esters in the presence of catalytic amounts of Ph3PAuCl and Cu(OTf)2. A smooth 7-exo-dig cyclization was observed.
Opinions regarding outcome differences in European and US haemodialysis patients (1999)

It seems that the reported difference in dialysis outcomes between Europe and the US is a widely accepted fact. Although directed towards few respondents, our questionnaire does suggest some differences in the approach towards dialysis and end-stage renal disease patients.
Molybdenum‐Based Complexes with Two Aryloxides and a Pentafluoroimido Ligand: Catalysts for Efficient Z‐Selective Synthesis of a Macrocyclic Trisubstituted Alkene by Ring‐Closing Metathesis (2013)

Olefinmetathese-Katalysatoren für die Bildung trisubstituierter makrocyclischer Z-Alkene wurden entwickelt; am wirksamsten waren Molybdänalkylidene mit einer Pentafluorphenylimidogruppe und zwei großen Aryloxidliganden. Ein makrocyclisches Lacton als Vorstufe für Epothilon B und D wird in weniger als 6 h bei Raumtemperatur in 73 % Ausbeute und mit 91 % Z-Selektivität erhalten.
<title>Performance and design considerations of angled-grating semiconductor lasers</title> (2001)

In this paper, we examine the performance of the angled-grating laser. The spatial characteristics of the device and design considerations for diffraction-limited performance are explored. The optical spectrum is studied in terms of the device geometry, and suitability to different applications is examined. Finally, the limits of high-power operation are investigated, and scalability to higher diffraction-limited performance is discussed.
Enantiospecific Synthesis of (+)-Na-Methylpericyclivine and (−)-Na-Methylakuammidine as Well as the Ring-A Oxygenated Natural Products, (+)-10-Methoxy Na-Methylpericyclivine and 10-Hydroxy Na-Methylpericyclivine (2006)

[reaction: see text] The first enantiospecific, regiospecific total synthesis of the enantiomers of N(a)-methylpericyclivine and N(a)-methylakuammidine as well as the ring-A oxygenated natural products (+)-10-methoxy N(a)-methylpericyclivine and 10-hydroxy N(a)-methylpericyclivine was achieved. The lactones (see 19, 22, and 25) are key to the formation of the beta-axial methyl ester moiety.