gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Birefringent Axes Aligning System for Electro-optic Probe Fabrication Using Polarization Maintaining Fiber (2021)

Fabrication method of a fiber optic electric field sensing probe using polarization maintaining fiber (PMF) is described including a birefringent axes aligning system. The sensing probe is basically a fiber-coupled Fabry-Perot resonator where a thin birefringent wafer of LiTaO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> with an external cavity is mounted onto the end of PMF. An optical wave from a superluminescent laser diode after a linear polarizer parallel to the slow axis of the PMF is made to enter the LiTaO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> crystal with polarization parallel to its extraordinary axis and the reflected optical wave is detected after passing through a polarization analyzer. By measuring a minimum value of a ratio of the reflected optical power at 90° to that of 0° of analyzer, we successfully demonstrated that the angular accuracy of the slow axis of the PMF with respect to the extraordinary axis of the LiTaO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> can be evaluated. Aligning both axes precisely, the electro-optic effect associated with LiTaO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> and polarization is optimized with greater stability. Long term stability of the fabricated PMF sensing probe was enhanced by about 3 times compared to that of a conventional single mode fiber one. As a result of uncertainty analysis, the method we proposed has an overall angular uncertainty of 1° when the used fiber optic components have polarization angle tolerance of 1°.
Characterizing source fingerprints and ageing processes in laboratory-generated secondary organic aerosols using proton-nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H-NMR) analysis and HPLC HULIS determination (2017)

Abstract. The study of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in laboratory settings has greatly increased our knowledge of the diverse chemical processes and environmental conditions responsible for the formation of particulate matter starting from biogenic and anthropogenic volatile compounds. However, characteristics of the different experimental setups and the way they impact the composition and the timescale of formation of SOA are still subject to debate. In this study, SOA samples were generated using a potential aerosol mass (PAM) oxidation flow reactor using α-pinene, naphthalene and isoprene as precursors. The PAM reactor facilitated exploration of SOA composition over atmospherically relevant photochemical ageing timescales that are unattainable in environmental chambers. The SOA samples were analyzed using two state-of-the-art analytical techniques for SOA characterization – proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy and HPLC determination of humic-like substances (HULIS). Results were compared with previous Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) measurements. The combined 1H-NMR, HPLC, and AMS datasets show that the composition of the studied SOA systems tend to converge to highly oxidized organic compounds upon prolonged OH exposures. Further, our 1H-NMR findings show that only α-pinene SOA acquires spectroscopic features comparable to those of ambient OA when exposed to at least 1 × 1012 molec OH cm−3 × s OH exposure, or multiple days of equivalent atmospheric OH oxidation. Over multiple days of equivalent OH exposure, the formation of HULIS is observed in both α-pinene SOA and in naphthalene SOA (maximum yields: 16 and 30 %, respectively, of total analyzed water-soluble organic carbon, WSOC), providing evidence of the formation of humic-like polycarboxylic acids in unseeded SOA.
Particulate Matter 2.5 Mediates Cutaneous Cellular Injury by Inducing Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress: Protective Effects of Ginsenoside Rb1 (2019)

The prevalence of fine particulate matter-induced harm to the human body is increasing daily. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism by which particulate matter 2.5 (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) induces damage in human HaCaT keratinocytes and normal human dermal fibroblasts, and to evaluate the preventive capacity of the ginsenoside Rb1. PM<sub>2.5</sub> induced oxidative stress by increasing the production of reactive oxygen species, leading to DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation; this effect was inhibited by ginsenoside Rb1. Through gene silencing of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related genes such as <i>PERK</i>, <i>IRE1</i>, <i>ATF</i>, and <i>CHOP</i>, and through the use of the ER stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), it was demonstrated that PM<sub>2.5</sub>-induced ER stress also causes apoptosis and ultimately leads to cell death; however, this phenomenon was reversed by ginsenoside Rb1. We also found that TUDCA partially restored the production of ATP that was inhibited by PM<sub>2.5</sub>, and its recovery ability was significantly higher than that of ginsenoside Rb1, indicating that the process of ER stress leading to cell damage may also occur via the mitochondrial pathway. We concluded that ER stress acts alone or via the mitochondrial pathway in the induction of cell damage by PM<sub>2.5</sub>, and that ginsenoside Rb1 blocks this process. Ginsenoside Rb1 shows potential for use in skin care products to protect the skin against damage by fine particles.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 Is a Novel Molecular Therapeutic Target for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 4: mono and combo effects of pazopanic and sunitinib - PDF file 1678K, Monotherapeutic dose out of pazopanib and sunitinib, and combinatorial effects with SCD1 inhibitor in ccRCC cells&lt;/p&gt;
A novel strategy for myocardial protection using in vivo transfection of cis element 'decoy' against NFkappaB binding site: evidence for a role of NFkappaB in ischemia-reperfusion injury. (1997)

The hearts transfected with cis element decoy against NFkappaB binding site showed significant improvement in tolerance against ischemia-reperfusion injury in association with the inhibition of neutrophil adherence and tissue IL-8 production. This suggests that NFkappaB plays a significant role in ischemia-reperfusion injury. This method, using in vivo gene transfection of cis element decoy against NFkappaB binding site, appears to be a novel and future strategy for myocardial protection.
Impact of Allosteric Modulation in Drug Discovery: Innovation in Emerging Chemical Modalities (2020)

Recent years have seen an unprecedented level of innovation in allosteric drug discovery and development, with multiple drug candidates advancing into clinical studies. From early examples of allosteric drugs like GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor modulators (benzodiazepines) in the 1960s to more recent GPCR negative allosteric modulators of CCR5 (maraviroc) approved in 2007, the opportunities for interrogating allosteric sites in drug discovery have expanded to other target classes such as protein-protein interactions, kinases, and nuclear hormone receptors. In this Innovation Letter, the authors highlight the latest advances of allosteric drug discovery from different target classes and novel emerging chemical modalities beyond small molecules.
Simple Electroabsorption Calculator for Designing 1310 nm and 1550 nm Modulators Using Germanium Quantum Wells (2011)

With germanium showing significant promise in the design of electroabsorption modulators for full complementary metal oxide semiconductor integration, we present a simple electroabsorption calculator for Ge/SiGe quantum wells. To simulate the quantum-confined Stark effect electroabsorption profile, this simple quantum well electroabsorption calculator (SQWEAC) uses the tunneling resonance method, 2-D Sommerfeld enhancement, the variational method and an indirect absorption model. SQWEAC simulations are compared with experimental data to validate the model before presenting optoelectronic modulator designs for the important communication bands of 1310 nm and 1550 nm. These designs predict operation with very low energy per bit ( <; 30×fJ/bit).
C1q Deficiency Leads to the Defective Suppression of IFN-α in Response to Nucleoprotein Containing Immune Complexes (2010)

Almost all humans with homozygous deficiency of C1q develop systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The precise cellular mechanism(s) by which C1q prevents the development of SLE remains unclear. In this study, we tested the role of C1q in the regulation of IFN-α induced by immune complexes (ICs) in vitro, as well as the consequences of lack of C1q in vivo. Our experiments revealed that C1q preferentially promotes the binding of SLE ICs to monocytes rather than plasmacytoid dendritic cells, but this inhibition was not due to the induction of inhibitory soluble factors. The presence of C1q also altered the trafficking of ICs within monocytes such that ICs persisted in early endosomes. In patients with C1q deficiency, serum and cerebrospinal fluid levels of IFN-α and IFN-γ-inducible protein-10 levels were elevated and strongly correlated with Ro autoantibodies, demonstrating the clinical significance of these observations. These studies therefore associate C1q deficiency with defective regulation of IFN-α and provide a better understanding of the cellular mechanisms by which C1q prevents the development of IC-stimulated autoimmunity.
Beyond many-core: Commercial workload acceleration in high-end systems (2015)

Keeping up with Moore's law is becoming more and more difficult. The industry is acknowledging this and increasingly turning to acceleration to solve this challenge. In my talk I will present different acceleration solutions (GPU and FPGA based) that are used for commercial workloads and their advantages and drawbacks based on the workload characteristics. I will discuss additional constrains that play a key role in this environment like security and availability. The internet of things revolution with massive rich sensor data to analyse and process is providing another area of great interest and challenge at the same time for the industry. I will show a novel approach under development based on non-von Neumann architecture to address this issue and give my outlook on commercial acceleration needs and directions in the future.
Comparison of Micro–Computed Tomography and Clinical Computed Tomography Protocols for Visualization of Nasal Cartilage Before Surgical Planning for Rhinoplasty (2019)

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Supplementary Figures 1-6 from ICOS-Ligand Expression on Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Supports Breast Cancer Progression by Promoting the Accumulation of Immunosuppressive CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 296K, Figure S1: ICOS is mainly expressed by TA-Treg. Figure S2: pDC expanded Treg sustain suppressive activity. Figure S3: ICOS-L is highly expressed on R848-activated HD-pDC. Figure S4: ICOS blockade reduces Treg but not Tconv proliferation induced by pDC without impacting mDC/T cell activation. Figure S5: Strong IL-10 secretion in culture of BT single cell suspension. Figure S6: Correlation between TA-pDC and TA-Treg percentages in fresh primary BT and in retrospective IHC cohort&lt;/p&gt;
Visualizing transactional memory (2012)

This paper presents TMProf, a transactional memory (TM) profiler, based on three visualization principles. These principles are (i) the precise graphical representation of transaction interactions including cross-correlated information and source code, (ii) visualized soft real-time playback of concurrently executing transactions, and (iii) dynamic visualizations of multiple executions. We describe how these principles break new ground and create new challenges for TM profilers.
Efficient subnetwork selection in relay networks (2014)

We consider a source that would like to communicate with a destination over a layered Gaussian relay network.We present a computationally efficient method that enables to select a near-optimal (in terms of throughput) subnetwork of a given size connecting the source with the destination. Our method starts by formulating an integer optimization problem that maximizes the rates that the Quantize-Map-and-Forward relaying protocol can achieve over a selected subnetwork; we then relax the integer constraints to obtain a non-linear optimization over reals. For diamond networks, we prove that this optimization over reals is concave while for general layered networks we give empirical demonstrations of near-concavity, paving the way for efficient algorithms to solve the relaxed problem. We then round the relaxed solution to select a specific subnetwork. Simulations using off-the-shelf non-linear optimization algorithms demonstrate excellent performance with respect to the true integer optimum for both diamond networks as well as multi-layered networks. Even with these non-customized algorithms, significant time savings are observed vis-à-vis exhaustive integer optimization.
Occurrence of Xanthonolignoids in Guttifereous Plants (1996)

Abstmct -Further investigation of the chemical constituents of the Guttifereous plants (Calophyllum inophyllum, C. austroindicum and Harungana d g a .s c a r iensis) led to isolate two new xanthonolignoids, named calophyllnmins A and B, in addition to two known xanthonolignoids (cadensin C and 6-hydroxycadensin F) and four flavonoids (calophyllic acid, quercetin, quercetin 3-Orhamnoside and amentoflavone).The structures of these compounds were established by the aids of spectroscopic analysis including 2D nmr technique.The family Guttiferae is known to rich source of xanthones,' coumarins?and biflav~noids.~Recently various bioactivities of xanthones (antihypoglycemic,4 antiplatelet,5 antioxidant activity6 and so on) and coumarins(anti-HIV activity7.8)have been reported.In continuation of our studies oriented to search for biologically active substances in Guttifereous plants?-12 the chemical constituents of Calophyllum inophyllum L., C.austroindicum Kosterm ex P. F. Stevens and Hurunganadgascariensis Lam ex Poir.were examined.We report here the isolation and characterization of two new xanthonolignoids along with six known compounds.
Cutting edge radius of single-point cutting tool made of nano-polycrystalline diamond and phenomenon generated in ultraprecision cutting of oxygen-free copper (2023)

An experiment was conducted to proove that a single-point cutting tool made of nano-polycrystalline diamond with a cutting edge radius of 0.3 nm can fabricate a cut face without damaged layer by decreasing the depth of cut. A face turning test of oxygen-free copper showed that an actual surface roughness of 2.4 nmRz which is close to the theoretical value of 2.0 nmRz could be achieved when the depth of cut and the feed rate were set at 0.2 μm and 2.5 μm/rev, respectively. In addition, it was observed that surfaces of the removed chip at a thin part of a free face were smooth and showed no lamellar waviness. The minimum thickness of cut, from which a comma shape chip was generated, was calculated from the measured chip width. This minimum thickness of cut was calculated to be 0.31 nm, which is equivalent to the lattice constant of copper. The kernel average misorientation map of the cut face obtained by electron beam backscatter diffraction clarified that almost no lattice defects were formed in crystal grains when the depth of cut was set at less than 1 nm. This means that the dislocated area generated in front of the cutting edge was negligibly small and the cut face without damaged layer could be fabricated.
Fracture quality from integrating time-lapse VSP and microseismic data (2007)

Tight gas reservoirs are problematic to produce, often requiring multiple stages of hydraulic fracturing in order to create connected pathways through which hydrocarbons may flow. In this paper, we propose a new methodology to characterize the quality of hydraulic fractures. Using synthetic VSP and microseismic data, we test the concept that the rock volume containing open, gas-filled fractures will scatter seismic energy more profusely than a volume containing closed, nonproductive fractures. By measuring the amount of scattered energy in a time-lapse 3D VSP study taken before and after the hydraulic fracturing episode, we hope to compare the productive flow quality of different regions of the hydraulically fractured rock. The microseismic recordings allow us to locate areas which have been hydraulically fractured and create imaging operators to extract the scattered signals from the time-lapse VSP data.
Serum hepatocyte growth factor concentration is correlated with the forearm vasodilator response in hypertensive patients (2002)

To evaluate the clinical importance of serum hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) concentration, we designed two clinical investigations. The first study analyzed the correlation between serum HGF concentration and clinical arterial stiffness or the vasodilator response to reactive hyperemia in hypertensive patients. The second study investigated the correlation between changes in serum HGF concentration and clinical arterial stiffness or reactive hyperemia during treatment with cilazapril or atenolol. A total of 210 hypertensive patients were analyzed in the first study, and 25 patients with essential hypertension were evaluated in the second study. Pulse wave velocity (PWV), strain gauge plethysmography, and serum HGF concentration were measured in the first study. We also evaluated these factors before and after treatment with either cilazapril (2.0 mg/day) or atenolol (25 mg/day) for 6 months in the second study. Serum HGF concentration was negatively correlated to reactive hyperemia in overall (r = 0.434, P < .0001) and nontreatment (r = 0.452, P < .0001) hypertensive patients. Arterial stiffness was weakly related to serum HGF concentration (P < .05) after adjusting for age and mean blood pressure (BP). By multiple regression analysis, only serum HGF concentration showed a strong independent correlation with reactive hyperemia, age and mean BP with PWV. Moreover, a relationship between endothelium-dependent vasodilation and serum HGF concentration was observed during treatment with cilazapril or atenolol (r = 0.406, P < .005). These results suggest that in evaluation of serum HGF concentration, the forearm vasodilator response to reactive hyperemia and PWV might be useful for managing hypertension in patients who are receiving antihypertensive therapy.
Biocomposites of nanofibrillated cellulose with thermoset resins (2014)

Reference EPFL-CONF-207220View record in Web of Science Record created on 2015-04-13, modified on 2016-08-09
Acquisition of Complement Factor H Is Important for Pathogenesis of Streptococcus pyogenes Infections: Evidence from Bacterial In Vitro Survival and Human Genetic Association (2011)

Streptococcus pyogenes (or group A streptococcus [GAS]) is a major human pathogen causing infections, such as tonsillitis, erysipelas, and sepsis. Several GAS strains bind host complement regulator factor H (CFH) via its domain 7 and, thereby, evade complement attack and C3b-mediated opsonophagocytosis. Importance of CFH binding for survival of GAS has been poorly studied because removal of CFH from plasma or blood causes vigorous complement activation, and specific inhibitors of the interaction have not been available. In this study, we found that activation of human complement by different GAS strains (n = 38) correlated negatively with binding of CFH via its domains 5-7. The importance of acquisition of host CFH for survival of GAS in vitro was studied next by blocking the binding with recombinant CFH5-7 lacking the regulatory domains 1-4. Using this fragment in full human blood resulted in death or radically reduced multiplication of all of the studied CFH-binding GAS strains. To study the importance of CFH binding in vivo (i.e., for pathogenesis of streptococcal infections), we used our recent finding that GAS binding to CFH is diminished in vitro by polymorphism 402H, which is also associated with age-related macular degeneration. We showed that allele 402H is suggested to be associated with protection from erysipelas (n = 278) and streptococcal tonsillitis (n = 209) compared with controls (n = 455) (p < 0.05). Taken together, the bacterial in vitro survival data and human genetic association revealed that binding of CFH is important for pathogenesis of GAS infections and suggested that inhibition of CFH binding can be a novel therapeutic approach in GAS infections.
Near Field Heat Assisted Magnetic Recording with a Planar Solid Immersion Lens (2006)

In this paper we present experimental heat assisted magnetic recording results using a planar solid immersion mirror (PSIM) fabricated on an Al2O3–TiC slider. The heads were flown at a velocity of 14 m/s, 20–25 nm above a Co/Pt multilayer medium which was deposited on a 60 mm glass disk. It was found that the track width and carrier-to-noise-ratio (CNR) increased with the applied magnetic field. Recording experiments were also performed with PSIMs terminated with 125 µm apertures. This led to narrower tracks and smaller CNR values for the same applied fields compared to recording with a PSIM only.
HOST CELL APOPTOSIS IMPAIRSCRYPTOSPORIDIUM PARVUMDEVELOPMENT IN VITRO (2000)

The absence of a self-sustaining in vitro propagation method for Cryptosporidium parvum is a major obstacle for research on this parasite. Conventional cell monolayers are unsuitable for long-term parasite propagation because the level of infection decreases over time and few oocysts, if any, are produced. The interaction between parasite and host cell was studied to identify factors limiting parasite development in vitro. Loss of substrate adherence and death of parasitized host cells was observed in 2 epithelial cell lines. Nuclear morphology, DNA laddering, annexin V binding, and terminal deoxytransferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling indicated that host cell death occurred by apoptosis. At 6 hr postinfection, only a minority of infected cells remained in the monolayer, and few survived the initial phase of parasite development without losing adherence. Treatment of infected monolayers with caspase inhibitors drastically reduced cell detachment but failed to increase the number of parasites in monolayers. In contrast, cell cultures grown on laminin-coated plates showed a higher proportion of infected cells. These observations indicate that cell detachment and apoptosis in C. parvum-infected cell culture negatively affect parasite survival in vitro.
Managing dynamic concurrent tasks in embedded real-time multimedia systems (2002)

This paper addresses the problem of mapping an application, which is highly dynamic in the future, onto aheterogeneous multiprocessor platform in an energy efficient way. A two-phase scheduling method is used for that purpose. By exploring the Pareto curves and scenarios generated at design time, the run-time scheduler can easily find a good scheduling at a very low overhead, satisfying the system constraints and minimizing the energy consumption. A real-life example from a 3D quality of service kernel is used to show the effectiveness of our method.
Supplementary Table 1 from An <i>In vivo</i> Platform for Translational Drug Development in Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from An &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt; Platform for Translational Drug Development in Pancreatic Cancer