gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[OP.4B.03] CIRCULATING ALDOSTERONE LEVELS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH CONCENTRIC LEFT VENTRICULAR GEOMETRY IN ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS (2016)

Objective: Sound evidence indicates that aldosterone has a fundamental role in determining functional and structural changes in the heart. Moreover, it has been observed that high plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) is related to the development of congestive heart failure and to cardiovascular mortality. However, previous studies on the association between circulating aldosterone levels and left ventricular (LV) mass (LVM) and LV geometry, in subjects without primary aldosteronism yielded conflicting results. The aim of our study was to evaluate in patients with essential hypertension the relationships of PAC with LV mass and geometry, and to asses the influence of gender on these relationships. Design and method: A total of 478 subjects (men: 63%; mean age 44 ± 12 years) with untreated essential hypertension were enrolled. The measurements included 24-h blood pressure (BP) readings, plasma renin activity (PRA) and PAC, obtained by radioimmunoassay and an echocardiogram. For its skewed distribution PAC was log transformed and expressed as median value and interquartile range. Results: PAC was significantly lower (p < 0.01) in subjects with normal LVM indexed for body surface area (BSA) (n = 272) [7.5 (5.3–12.4)], as compared to those with concentric remodeling (n = 61) [10.2 [7.95–14.5)], to the patients with eccentric LV hypertrophy (LVH) (n = 90) [9.8 (6.9–12.9)], and to the subjects with concentric LVH (n = 61) [11.3 (7.7–16.6 ng/ml)]. Significant correlations of Log (PAC) with LVM, either indexed for BSA (r = 0.20; p < 0.0001), or for height 2.7 (r = 0.21; p < 0.0001) and with relative wall thickness (RWT) (r = 0.18; p < 0.0001) were found. These correlations were similar in men and in women and remained statistically significant in multiple regression analyses, even after adjustment for potential confounding factors (all p < 0.01). Conclusions: Our results seem to suggest that in essential hypertensive patients circulating aldosterone levels are independently associated with concentric LV geometry, without gender-related differences.
Rapid Synthesis of the Enantiomers of myo‐Inositol‐1,3,4,5‐tetrakisphosphate by Direct Chiral Desymmetrization of myo‐Inositol Orthoformate (1997)

As controversial as ever is the role of D-myo-inositol-1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate (1) in intracellular signaling. A new synthetic strategy that makes minimal use of protecting groups allows rapid, direct access not only to pure 1 in the amounts required for cocrystallographic and NMR studies with its recently identified macromolecular targets, but also to the little-known L enantiomer, which is invaluable as a control in radioligand binding and functional studies.
Tunable Dual-Wavelength Fiber Laser Using Optical-Injection Fabry–PÉrot Laser (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> In this investigation, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a dual-wavelength fiber laser based on a self-injected Fabry–PÉrot laser diode and an erbium-doped fiber. The dual-wavelength tuning range is 39.49 nm, from 1526.27 to 1565.76 nm, and the mode spacing of the dual-wavelength can be tuned from 1.32 to 39.49 nm. In addition, the output power difference of the dual-wavelength can be controlled and smaller than 1 dB. </para>
Polymer−DNA Hybrids as Electrochemical Probes for the Detection of DNA (2005)

The syntheses of several norbornene block copolymers containing oligonucleotide and ferrocenyl side chains and their use in the electrochemical detection of DNA are described. Two kinds of DNA-containing block copolymers with either ferrocenyl or dibromoferrocenyl groups were prepared via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). Based on these two distinct ferrocene derivatives, a triblock copolymer labeling strategy was developed. With this strategy, the identity of DNA target can be determined by the E1/2s of the ferrocenyl moieties and the ratio of peak currents. These polymers exhibit predictable and tailorable electrochemical properties, high DNA duplex stability, and unusually sharp melting transitions, which are highly desirable characteristics for DNA detection applications. Significantly, single-base mismatches could be easily detected using two distinct block copolymers as dual-channel detection probes in an electrochemical DNA detection format.
On the Stabilization of the Syn-Rotamer of Amino Acid Carbamate Derivatives by Hydrogen Bonding (1996)

The syn-rotamers of carbamate derivatives of α-amino acids are shown to be stabilized by the formation of H-bond complexes with carboxylic acid moieties in solution. This effect is, as expected, concentration and temperature dependent. Thermodynamic parameters (both ΔG° and ΔG‡) for N-Boc-alanine were determined by NMR in the ±60 °C range.
Thermal Conductivity of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Dispersions:  Role of Interfacial Effects (2007)

We report measurements of the effective thermal conductivity of dispersions of single-wall carbon nanotubes in technologically important fluids: (poly)-alpha olefins and ethylene glycol. The morphology of this dispersion was studied using rheology, AFM, and light scattering techniques. The enhancement of thermal conductivity was analyzed using a Maxwell−Garnett effective medium theory including the interfacial thermal-resistance layer between the nanotube and the fluid. The results were compared with previously reported results on multiwall carbon nanotubes in similar dispersion media and point to the critical role of the nanotube−fluid interfacial thermal resistance.
Melting of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks with different topologies: insight from first-principles molecular dynamics (2018)

Metal–organic frameworks are chemically versatile materials, and excellent candidates for many applications from carbon capture to drug delivery, through hydrogen storage. While most studies so far focus on the crystalline MOFs, there has been a recent shift to the study of their disordered states, such as defective structures, glasses, gels, and very recently liquid MOFs. Following the publication of the melting mechanism of zeolitic imidazolate framework ZIF-4, we use here molecular simulation in order to investigate the similarities and differences with two other zeolitic imidazolate frameworks, ZIF-8 and ZIF-zni. We perform first principles molecular dynamics simulations to study the melting phenomena and the nature of the liquids obtained, focusing on structural characterization at the molecular scale, dynamics of the species, and thermodynamics of the solid–liquid transition. We show how the retention of chemical configuration, the changes in the coordination network, and the variation of the porous volume in the liquid phase are influenced by the parent crystalline framework.
Measuring the Purity of Chitin with a Clean, Quantitative Solid-State NMR Method (2017)

Chitin is a versatile biopolymer which can be extracted directly from biomass and used for the preparation of high value materials, but such materials often require high-purity chitin. However, complete removal of proteinaceous material from chitin, which is obtained from biomass sources, can be difficult to determine. Here we report a quick, nondestructive method to measure chitin content using solid-state multiCP 13C NMR, which requires only 105 min and allows for recovery of the sample. A calibration curve was constructed from spectra of mass-based mixtures of commercial chitin and bovine serum albumin protein. This allowed for the quantification of chitin content (and therefore purity) in both chitinous biomass and extracted chitin samples in a quick, clean, nondestructive manner that agreed with measurements made by the method of Black and Schwartz, within the error of each of the methods.
Leveraging Machine Learning for Industrial Wireless Communications (2021)

Two main trends characterize today's communication landscape and are finding their way into industrial facilities: the rollout of 5G with its distinct support for vertical industries and the increasing success of machine learning (ML). The combination of those two technologies open the doors to many exciting industrial applications and its impact is expected to rapidly increase in the coming years, given the abundant data growth and the availability of powerful edge computers in production facilities. Unlike most previous work that has considered the application of 5G and ML in industrial environment separately, this paper highlights the potential and synergies that result from combining them. The overall vision presented here generates from the KICK project, a collaboration of several partners from the manufacturing and communication industry as well as research institutes. This unprecedented blend of 5G and ML expertise creates a unique perspective on ML-supported industrial communications and their role in facilitating industrial automation. The paper identifies key open industrial challenges that are grouped into four use cases: wireless connectivity and edge-cloud integration, flexibility in network reconfiguration, dynamicity of heterogeneous network services, and mobility of robots and vehicles. Moreover, the paper provides insights into the advantages of ML-based industrial communications and discusses current challenges of data acquisition in real systems.
Preferential Deadenylation of Hsp70 mRNA Plays a Key Role in Regulating Hsp70 Expression in Drosophila melanogaster (1994)

Following a standard heat shock, approximately 40% of Hsp70 transcripts in Drosophila melanogaster lack a poly(A) tail. Since heat shock disrupts other aspects of RNA processing, this observation suggested that heat might disrupt polyadenylation as well. We find, however, that as the temperature is increased a larger fraction of Hsp70 RNA is polyadenylated. Poly(A)-deficient Hsp70 RNAs arise not from a failure in polyadenylation but from the rapid and selective removal of poly(A) from previously adenylated transcripts. Poly(A) removal is highly regulated: poly(A) is (i) removed much more rapidly from Hsp70 RNAs than from Hsp23 RNAs, (ii) removed more rapidly after mild heat shocks than after severe heat shocks, and (iii) removed more rapidly after a severe heat shock if cells have first been conditioned by a mild heat treatment. Poly(A) seems to be removed by simple deadenylation rather than by endonucleolytic cleavage 5' of the adenylation site. During recovery from heat shock, deadenylation is rapidly followed by degradation. In cells maintained at high temperatures, however, the two processes are uncoupled and Hsp70 RNAs are deadenylated without being degraded. These deadenylated mRNAs are translated with low efficiency. Deadenylation therefore allows Hsp70 synthesis to be repressed even when degradation of the mRNA is blocked. Poly(A) tail shortening appears to play a key role in regulating Hsp70 expression.
Phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices for solid-state lighting (2005)

A 6"x6" white lighting panel consisting of red, green and blue colored stripes of OLEDs emits >100 lm of optical power and has a maximum energy efficacy of 30 lm/W. Each colored stripe contains 7 serially connected OLEDs having an area of 1.37 cm<sup>2</sup>, and there are 4 stripes per color, so there is a total of 84 devices. The external quantum efficiency of the red and blue OLEDs exceeds 20% and the blue OLED efficiency exceeds 5% when operated above 100 nits. Such high quantum efficiencies are achieved with an OLED architecture consisting of electrophosphorescent dopants, and at least four organic thin films layers: a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emissive layer, a blocking layer, and an electron transport layer. The color coordinates of the panel can be varied between the constituent red, green, and blue color component coordinates of (0.14, 0.17), (0.31, 0.64), and (0.62, 0.38), respectively, by adjusting the intensity of each primary colors. Panel power efficiencies were measured at correlated color temperatures between 2,900 K and 5,700K, and the color rendering index was >80 in all cases because of the broad spectral output of the combined colors.
Relationship between Leukotriene C4 and an Uteroglobin-Like Protein in Nasal and Tracheobronchial Mucosa of Children (1988)

Secretions from the nose and nasopharynx (NPS) are more readily accessible than tracheobronchial secretions (TBS) for clinical investigations, but it is unclear whether changes in mediator release in the nasopharynx reflect similar changes in the tracheobronchial tree. In order to clarify this question, NPS and TBS were taken from 20 children with tracheotomy and tested for the presence of leukotriene C4 (LTC4) and uteroglobin-like protein (UTG-LP). LTC4 and UTG-LP were measured both when the children were healthy and when they had clinical evidence of an acute respiratory tract illness. The mean concentration of LTC4 in NPS and TBS increased during illness although the mean concentration in NPS was significantly higher than in TBS during respiratory illness. In healthy children UTG-LP was detected only in TBS. During acute respiratory illness the concentration of UTG-LP in TBS decreased but remained significantly higher than in NPS. Data presented in this study indicate that changes in the LTC4 concentration in NPS appear to reflect changes in LTC4 concentration in TBS although the levels of LTC4 in NPS were significantly higher than in TBS. An inverse correlation between the concentrations of LTC4 and UTG-LP in NPS and TBS was demonstrated.
Patterns of ANA+ B cells for SLE patient stratification (2019)

IgG antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) are a dominant feature of several autoimmune diseases. We previously showed that systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by increased ANA+ IgG plasmablasts/plasma cells (PCs) through aberrant IgG PC differentiation rather than an antigen-specific tolerance defect. Here, we aimed to understand the differentiation pathways resulting in ANA+ IgG PCs in SLE patients. We demonstrate distinct profiles of ANA+ antigen-experienced B cells in SLE patients, characterized by either a high frequency of PCs or a high frequency of IgG+ memory B cells. This classification of SLE patients was unrelated to disease activity and remained stable over time in almost all patients, suggesting minimal influence of disease activity. A similar classification applies to antigen-specific B cell subsets in mice following primary immunization with T-independent and T-dependent antigens as well as in lupus-prone mouse models (MRL/lpr and NZB/W). We further show that, in both lupus-prone mice and SLE patients, the classification correlates with the serum autoantibody profile. In this study, we identified B cell phenotypes that we propose reflect an extrafollicular pathway for PC differentiation or a germinal center pathway, respectively. The classification we propose can be used to stratify patients for longitudinal studies and clinical trials.
Unstable Plasmoids in Dusty Plasma Experiments (2014)

Low-frequency instabilities are easily obtained in dusty plasmas formed using reactive gases or material sputtering. These unstable phenomena can be characterized by complex and impressive features affecting the plasma glow luminosity. In this paper, we report on a particular phase of an instability, where moving bright plasma spots are observed in between the electrodes of a capacitively coupled radio-frequency discharge in krypton. These plasmoids show complex behaviors, such as mutual interactions, consisting in their merging or splitting.
Wear Locations in Stainless Steel Pipe Fittings From the Turbulent Flow of a Liquid-Solid Slurry (2015)

The United States Department of Energy (DOE) is building a Waste Treatment Plant (WTP) at the DOE Hanford Site in the state of Washington to process stored radioactive wastes for long-term storage and disposal. The Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) is helping resolve technical concerns with the WTP, which are related to piping erosion/corrosion (wear). SRNL is assisting in the design of a flow loop to obtain long term wear rates that will use prototypic simulant chemistry, operating conditions, and materials. The challenge is to accurately measure slurry wear to a pipe wall thickness tolerance of 47 microns/year anywhere in the test flow loop in a timely manner. A first step in such a test is to secure knowledge of high wear locations so that highly sensitive measurement techniques can be incorporated and properly located. Literature exists to help locate such wear locations in pipe and pipe fittings but most of the information deals with slurry flows that have significantly different velocities, different flows steams, e.g., steam, gas-liquid-solids, or made from different materials. To better estimate these high wear rate locations under the WTP conditions a separate pre-test flow loop was constructed and operated. This loop is referred to as the paint loop because it was internally coated with paint, which wears faster than the steel pipe, when a solids-laden slurry is circulated. The test flow conditions were a slurry velocity of 4 m/s in a 0.0762 -m (3-inch) Schedule 40 pipe system, resulting in Reynolds number just above 3 × 105, i.e., turbulent flow at a temperature of 25°C. The slurry was a mixture of water and sand, d50 ∼ 199 microns. This paper describes the test paint loop, its operation, and indicates the high slurry wear locations, as well as a comparison of those locations to existing literature sources.
Effect of heterocycle content on metal binding isostere coordination (2020)

Bioisostere replacement is a core concept in modern medicinal chemistry and has proven an invaluable strategy to address pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic limitations of therapeutics. The success of bioisostere replacement is often dependent on the scaffold that is being modified (<i>i.e.</i>, "context dependence"). The application of bioisostere replacement to a picolinic acid fragment was recently demonstrated as a means to expand a library of metal-binding pharmacophores (MBPs) to modulate their physicochemical properties, while retaining their metal binding and metalloenzyme inhibitory activity. Here, metal binding isosteres (MBIs) with different nitrogen-containing heteroarenes is explored. This resulted in a number of new MBIs that were evaluated for their physicochemical properties and metal binding features. It was observed that the coordination behavior of an MBI is dependent on the identity and arrangement of the heteroatoms within each heteroarene. To further understand the observed coordination chemistry trends, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed. Theory indicates that preferences in coordination geometry are largely determined by the electronic character of the heteroarene scaffold. These results provide important insights into the development of novel MBI scaffolds that can serve to broaden the scope of scaffolds for metalloenzyme inhibitor development.
Convex programming colour constancy with a diagonal-offset model (2005)

Gamut mapping colour constancy algorithms attempt to map image RGBs captured under an unknown light to corresponding RGBs under a reference light so as to render images colour constant. While the approach often works well, for a significant number of real images the algorithm delivers a null solution. We show that the null solution problem arises because of a failure of the diagonal model of illumination change on which the algorithm is based. We address the problem by proposing a new diagonal-offset model which has 6 rather than 3 parameters and which is able therefore to deal with a wider range of imaging conditions. Based on this model we formulate a convex programming solution to colour constancy and we show (by testing on real images) that the new algorithm is robust to the failures of the diagonal model and is capable of delivering very good colour constancy.
Spatially Resolved MR-Compatible Doppler Ultrasound: Proof of Concept for Triggering of Diagnostic Quality Cardiovascular MRI for Function and Flow Quantification at 3T (2017)

The hardware platform could further enable advanced free-breathing cardiac imaging. Doppler ultrasound triggering is applicable where ECG is compromised due to pathology or interference at higher magnetic fields, and where direct ECG is impossible, i.e., fetal imaging.
Arachidonic acid activation of intratumoral steroid synthesis during prostate cancer progression to castration resistance (2009)

We propose that this characterized arachidonic acid induced steroidogenesis mechanism significantly contributes to the activation of AR in CRPC progression and therefore recommend that fatty acid pathways be targeted therapeutically in progressing CaP.
Thermally Induced Precession-Orbit Transition of Magnetization in Voltage-Driven Magnetization Switching (2018)

Dynamic switching of magnetization driven by subnanosecond voltage pulses would be a central technology for realizing ultralow-power magnetic random-access memory. For practical applications, however, there is a strong demand to reduce the write-error rate. This study shows that transitions of magnetization between different precession orbits, as induced by thermal fluctuations, play a dominant role in the probability of write error. The transitions can be avoided by choosing a proper width for the write voltage pulse. These findings will promote the development of voltage-driven spintronic devices.
Friction Free Force-Reflecting Type Bilateral Control Based on Twin Drive System Considering 2nd Resonant Frequency and Unbalance Friction (2006)

This paper proposes a new friction free bilateral system based on twin drive control system considering it's resonant frequency. The twin drive system consists of two motors that are coupled by the differential gear. The output torque becomes a differential torque of both motors. The nonlinear friction torque of the twin drive system is easily compensated. However, this system has the resonant frequencies and the anti-resonant frequencies which are caused by the torsional vibration. This paper proposes a new three-inertial-model of twin drive system, and identifies the resonant frequencies and it's friction torque. The proposed controller can suppress the torsional vibration without high order control design. Therefore, the operationality of bilateral teleoperation is improved by the proposed system.
Learning to Share: A Study of Sharing Among Home Storage Devices (CMU-PDL-07-107) (2018)

As an increasing number of home and personal electronic devices create, use, and display digitized forms of data, it is becoming more important to be able to easily share data among these devices. This paper discusses an observation of a home data sharing system constructed from currently available technologies. We deployed this system into two households for two and half weeks and studied the impact of the system on household data usage and device management. We focus on users’ perceptions of the system’s advantages, the reasons home users employed multiple devices, the ways home users managed their devices, and how some distributed file system concepts were ill-suited to the home environment.
EUV resist processing with flash-lamp (2012)

The reduction of line width roughness (LWR) remains a difficult issue for very fine patterns obtained with extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography. Thus, the investigation of LWR-reduction from the viewpoint of resist processing has become necessary. Alternative bake processes, such as the flash-lamp (FL) has been proven feasible as for application in EUV resists. This work focuses on initial investigations for its use in post-development bake (post bake or PB). A polyhydroxystyrene-acryl hybrid EUV model resist was utilized and comparisons with 'no bake' and conventional hot-plate PB conditions were made. As a result, relatively improved LWR was obtained with FL PB with minimal effect on lithographic performance. Moreover, in the course of these experiments, two types of resist reflow mechanisms assumed to be the primary basis for the LWR improvement achieved, are discussed.