gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Method, system and apparatus for monitoring and adjusting the quality of indoor air (2023)

A system, method and apparatus is provided for monitoring and adjusting the quality of indoor air. A sensor array senses an air sample from the indoor air and analyzes the air sample to obtain signatures representative of contaminants in the air sample. When the level or type of contaminant poses a threat or hazard to the occupants, the present invention takes corrective actions which may include introducing additional fresh air. The corrective actions taken are intended to promote overall health of personnel, prevent personnel from being overexposed to hazardous contaminants and minimize the cost of operating the HVAC system. The identification of the contaminants is performed by comparing the signatures provided by the sensor array with a database of known signatures. Upon identification, the system takes corrective actions based on the level of contaminant present. The present invention is capable of learning the identity of previously unknown contaminants, which increases its ability to identify contaminants in the future. Indoor air quality is assured by monitoring the contaminants not only in the indoor air, but also in the outdoor air and the air which is to be recirculated. The present invention is easily adaptable to new and existing HVAC systems. In sum, the present invention is able to monitor and adjust the quality of indoor air in real time by sensing the level and type of contaminants present in indoor air, outdoor and recirculated air, providing an intelligent decision about the quality of the air, and minimizing the cost of operating an HVAC system.
Changing role of endoscopy in the new millennium. Bushell Lecture, Asia–Pacific Digestive Week 2001 (2002)

Endoscopy has confronted many challenges, including serology tests for Helicobacter pylori, virtual colonoscopy and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. These new modalities might eventually replace endoscopy in diagnosing digestive tract diseases. New advancements such as capsule endoscopy, infrared spectroscopy, optical coherent tomography, and various therapeutic procedures have opened new horizons in the field. Endoscopists should keep their mind open and be prepared for the changing role of endoscopy in the new millennium.
N log N method for hydrodynamic interactions of confined polymer systems: Brownian dynamics (2006)

A Brownian dynamics simulation technique is presented where a Fourier-based N log N approach is used to calculate hydrodynamic interactions in confined flowing polymer systems between two parallel walls. A self-consistent coarse-grained Langevin description of the polymer dynamics is adopted in which the polymer beads are treated as point forces. Hydrodynamic interactions are therefore included in the diffusion tensor through a Green's function formalism. The calculation of Green's function is based on a generalization of a method developed for sedimenting particles by Mucha et al. [J. Fluid Mech. 501, 71 (2004)]. A Fourier series representation of the Stokeslet that satisfies no-slip boundary conditions at the walls is adopted; this representation is arranged in such a way that the total O(N2) contribution of bead-bead interactions is calculated in an O(N log N) algorithm. Brownian terms are calculated using the Chebyshev polynomial approximation proposed by Fixman [Macromolecules 19, 1195 (1986); 19, 1204 (1986)] for the square root of the diffusion tensor. The proposed Brownian dynamics simulation methodology scales as O(N1.25 log N). Results for infinitely dilute systems of dumbbells are presented to verify past predictions and to examine the performance and numerical consistency of the proposed method.
Preclinical evaluation of radiosensitizing activity of Pluronic block copolymers (2013)

Data suggest the potential use of L10 as a radiosensitizer. While the mechanism of sensitization requires additional investigation, the presented results indicate that the effect may be due, in part, to a decrease in Hsp90 and 70 levels and increased DNA damage.
The Derivation of a Matched Molecular Pairs Based ADME/Tox Knowledge Base for Compound Optimization (2020)

Matched Molecular Pairs (MMP) analysis is a well-established technique for Structure Activity and Property Analysis (SAR and SPR). Summarizing multiple MMPs that describe the same structural change into a single chemical transform can be a powerful tool for prediction (termed Transform from here on). This is particularly useful in the area of Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Elimination (ADME) analysis that is less influenced by 3D structural binding effects. The creation of a knowledge database containing many of these Transforms across typical ADME assays promises to be a powerful approach to aid multidimensional optimization. We present a detailed workflow for the derivation of such a database. We include details of an MMP fragmentation algorithm with associated statistical summarization methods for the derivation of Transforms. This is made freely available as part of the LillyMol software package. We describe the application of this method to several ADME/Tox (Toxicity) assay data sets and highlight multiple cases where the impact of traditional medicinal chemistry Transforms is contradicted by MMP data. We also describe the internal software interface used by medicinal chemists to aid the design of new compounds via automated suggestion. This approach utilizes the matched pairs database to "suggest" improved compounds in an automated design scenario. A nonvisual script-based version of the automated suggestions code with an associated set of described chemical Transforms is also made freely available along with this paper and as part of the LillyMol software package. Finally, we contrast this knowledge database against a larger database of all MMPs derived from a 2 million compound diversity set and a subset of MMPs seen in historical discovery projects. The comparison against all transforms in the diversity collection highlights the very low coverage of the transform database as compared to all possible transforms involving 15 atom fragments. The comparison against a smaller subset of Transforms seen on internal Medicinal Chemistry projects shows better coverage of the transform database for a small set of common medicinal chemistry strategies. Within the context of all possible transforms available to a medicinal chemistry project team, the challenge remains to move beyond mere idea generation from past projects toward high quality prediction for novel ADME/Tox modulating Transforms.
Development and analysis of actuator with ER damper (2002)

In industrial robots, each joint is driven through a reduction gear unit such as a harmonic drive gear. The elasticity of the drive systems cannot be ignored when the high-speed and precise motion control is required for robots. Due to the elasticity of the drive systems, vibratory behaviors are caused, and the control performances of robot systems deteriorate. In this study, we develop a new actuator that consists of an AC servomotor, a harmonic drive gear and an electrorheological (ER) damper. The ER damper can change the damping coefficient by applying an electric field. Since the gap between electrodes of the ER damper is 80 /spl mu/m only the voltage of 160 V is needed for the electric field of 2 kV/mm. The ER damper consumes little electric power. The actuator is installed on a one-link robot arm. The mathematical model of the robot arm is derived, and the eigenvalues of the robot system are analyzed. Experiments were carried out, and the effectiveness of the actuator is confirmed.
Abstract 6070: Functional natural killer cells derived from engineered hiPSC with hypoimmunity gene combo demonstrate hypoimmunity features in evading host attacks (2022)

Abstract Engineered human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC)-derived allogeneic Natural Killer (NK) cells are emerging as promising safe and effective off-the-shelf cell therapy drugs. Repeated dosing of NK cells can partly compensate the relatively shorter persistence of NK cells compared with chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T); However, with each repeat, the persistence and efficacy are increasingly challenged by activation of host innate and adaptive immunity. Thus, reducing immunogenicity of allogeneic NK cells holds promise for better efficacy. In this study, we report a combination of “hypoimmunity” gene edits including multiple transgene knock-ins and both class I and class II MHC knockouts (2KO). We show that hiPSC engineered by the hypoimmunity combo can be efficiently differentiated into NK cells, comparable to the non-engineered ones. This is contrary to the notion from mouse studies that NK cells devoid of class I molecules are hypo-responsive, these engineered NK cells can be expanded by aAPC (artifitial Antigen Presenting Cells, a K562 cell line with surface expression of mbIL-21 and CD137L) and are capable of killing tumor cells, Additionally, we show that the engineered NK cells can evade T cell immunity, as examined by in vitro T cell proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. A humanized mouse model with transplanted CD34-positive human hematopoietic stem cells confirmed that the engineered NK cells can persist longer than WT and 2KO NK cells. Hypoimmune-QN-019 NK cells are generated by incorporating hypoimmunity gene combo edits into our hiPSC-derived NK cell clinical candidate QN-019 which has 3 transgenes including membrane-bound IL-15, high affinity non-cleavable CD16 and CAR targeting CD19. Comparing to QN-019, hypoimmune-QN-019 displayed better efficacy in humanized CDX mouse model in clearing CD19-positive cancer cells. Taken together, we have engineered hiPSC-derived allogeneic NK cells with hypoimmunity features, which hold great promise in becoming an off-the-shelf drug with improved in vivo persistence and efficacy for repeated dosing. Citation Format: Jiabiao Hu, Xiangjun He, Jing Xu, Yixuan Zhou, Yanan Yue, Yangbin Gao, George Church, Luhan Yang. Functional natural killer cells derived from engineered hiPSC with hypoimmunity gene combo demonstrate hypoimmunity features in evading host attacks [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 6070.
Automated Sensor Agnostic Zero-Offset VSP Processing (2022)

Abstract We developed an automated zero-offset VSP processing workflow utilizing visco-elastic waveform inversion technology to obtain seismic velocity and attenuation profile along the borehole at minimal human intervention. The workflow is capable of leveraging different types of sensors such as geophones, DAS, and hydrophone so that all zero-offset, check shot processing can be performed using the same technology. The ray-theory based forward modeling engine is capable for attenuation effect using ray theory, which makes visco-elastic inversion as simultaneously, and not two steps approach as it used to be. Different types of objective functions are employed, which makes inversion robust for commercial use. The workflow applied in three cases studies, and feasibility of real time zero-offset VSP processing is demonstrated. The workflow described in this paper, is designed for human-less intervention and robust computation, truly applicable for answer products at the wellsite.
P253Can EGM fractionation occur in healthy tissue? Electrophysiological mechanism and significance during atrial tachycardia rhythm (2017)

simultaneously. Varying degrees of RV dyssynchrony following CRT were simulated. Acute CRT response was defined as the relative change in stroke volume (DSV, %). Results: Simulated LV ejection fraction before CRT was 24%. Applying CRT with preserved RV function and no pacing-induced RV dyssynchrony increased SV by 11% (Figure Both reductions in baseline RV contractility and worsened pacing-induced dyssynchrony decreased DSV following CRT, down to a minimum of 2%. Conclusion: A weak RV can limit acute CRT response despite an appropriate LV electrical activation delay. Response worsened further when the RV was desynchronized by pacing, suggesting an additional limiting effect of pacing in an enlarged RV. Consequently, RV dysfunction may have a functional influence on CRT response in addition to its association with worse heart failure.
Dynamique, évolUtion et inSTabilités de Poudres catalytiques par Pulvérisation Plasma Pulsé pour pile à Electrolyte Membranaire (Dust4Pem) (2014)

Le projet Dust4Pem vise a synthetiser des catalyseurs bimetalliques PtX performants pour pile a combustible a membrane (architecture
CCM, catalyst coated membrane) par une technologie plasma, differente de la pulverisation magnetron conventionnelle. Bien que cette
derniere permette de diminuer considerablement les quantites de metaux nobles dans les piles, cette technique trouve ses limites lorsqu’il
s’agit de controler la geometrie, la taille, la qualite cristalline et la segregation des catalyseurs multi-metalliques. Un meilleur
controle de la phase d’agregation des nanoparticules est donc necessaire. Dans le projet Dust4Pem, les nanoparticules catalytiques ont
ete synthetisees dans le milieu plasma (technique de condensation en phase gazeuse) et sont ensuite injectees dans l’enceinte de
depot afin de recouvrir une membrane echangeuse d’ions type Nafion. Par cette methode prometteuse, en rupture avec l’etat de l’art
actuel, nous visons, a terme, une amelioration des densites de puissance des CCM, tout en conservant des charges catalytiques
faibles.
Analyzing correlation between multiple traps in RTN characteristics (2014)

The correlation between multiple traps in Random Telegraph Noise (RTN) were evaluated by using Time-Lag-Plot (TLP). The correlations between multiple traps were evaluated by transition paths on the TLP and there are two types of RTN. In the 1 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">st</sup> case, multiple traps are independent from each other and in the second case the multiple traps have the correlation. We proposed the models for three states RTN to understanding the mechanism of them. These methods help us to understand the RTN mechanism and the correlation between multiple traps.
Effect of Cytomegalovirus Infection on 1‐Year Mortality Rates Among Recipients of Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplants (1998)

The effect of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection on 1-year mortality rates among allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipients who are receiving a standard protocol as prophylaxis for CMV infection is unclear. We determined the risk factors for death within 1 year among 103 bone marrow transplant recipients by performing a multivariate analysis. The results of donor and recipient CMV serologies did not predict 1-year mortality, although there was a trend towards higher mortality among CMV-seropositive recipients who received marrow from seronegative donors (P = .077). Multivariate analysis revealed that the factors independently associated with 1-year mortality were the development of CMV antigenemia (relative risk [RR] = 2.74; confidence interval [CI] = 1.28-5.86), bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from unrelated donors (RR = 3.20; CI = 1.30-7.92), and severe acute graft-versus-host disease (RR = 3.50; CI = 1.50-8.17). Although significant on univariate analysis, advanced underlying disease before BMT and the development of active CMV disease after BMT were not independent risk factors. In conclusion, the development of CMV antigenemia after BMT was associated with increased 1-year mortality, while the development of active CMV disease was not. Reactivation of CMV infection may represent a marker of poor immune reconstitution or may contribute to further immunosuppression after BMT.
The core centromere and Sgo1 establish a 50-kb cohesin-protected domain around centromeres during meiosis I (2005)

The stepwise loss of cohesins, the complexes that hold sister chromatids together, is required for faithful meiotic chromosome segregation. Cohesins are removed from chromosome arms during meiosis I but are maintained around centromeres until meiosis II. Here we show that Sgo1, a protein required for protecting centromeric cohesins from removal during meiosis I, localizes to cohesin-associated regions (CARs) at the centromere and the 50-kb region surrounding it. Establishment of this Sgo1-binding domain requires the 120-base-pair (bp) core centromere, the kinetochore component Bub1, and the meiosis-specific factor Spo13. Interestingly, cohesins and the kinetochore proteins Iml3 and Chl4 are necessary for Sgo1 to associate with pericentric regions but less so for Sgo1 to associate with the core centromeric regions. Finally, we show that the 50-kb Sgo1-binding domain is the chromosomal region where cohesins are protected from removal during meiosis I. Our results identify the portions of chromosomes where cohesins are protected from removal during meiosis I and show that kinetochore components and cohesins themselves are required to establish this cohesin protective domain.
Revascularization of ischemic tissues by PDGF-CC via effects on endothelial cells and their progenitors (2004)

The angiogenic mechanism and therapeutic potential of PDGF-CC, a recently discovered member of the VEGF/ PDGF superfamily, remain incompletely characterized.Here we report that PDGF-CC mobilized endothelial progenitor cells in ischemic conditions; induced differentiation of bone marrow cells into ECs; and stimulated migration of ECs.Furthermore, PDGF-CC induced the differentiation of bone marrow cells into smooth muscle cells and stimulated their growth during vessel sprouting.Moreover, delivery of PDGF-CC enhanced postischemic revascularization of the heart and limb.Modulating the activity of PDGF-CC may provide novel opportunities for treating ischemic diseases.
Experimental Demonstration of Localized Energy Density Gain using Coherent Superposition of Multiple Structured Orbital-Angular-Momentum Modes (2016)

We experimentally demonstrate the use of orbital angular momentum (OAM) superposition as basis for the generation of a directed energy beam. Different OAM superpositions are tested with a maximum achieved peak power gain of ~2.5.
kGuard: lightweight kernel protection against return-to-user attacks (2012)

Return-to-user (ret2usr) attacks exploit the operating sys-tem kernel, enabling local users to hijack privileged ex-ecution paths and execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges. Current defenses have proven to be inade-quate, as they have been repeatedly circumvented, in-cur considerable overhead, or rely on extended hypervi-sors and special hardware features. We present kGuard, a compiler plugin that augments the kernel with com-pact inline guards, which prevent ret2usr with low per-formance and space overhead. kGuard can be used with any operating system that features a weak separation be-tween kernel and user space, requires no modifications to the OS, and is applicable to both 32- and 64-bit ar-chitectures. Our evaluation demonstrates that Linux ker-nels compiled with kGuard become impervious to a va-riety of control-flow hijacking exploits. kGuard exhibits lower overhead than previous work, imposing on average an overhead of 11.4 % on system call and I/O latency on x86 OSs, and 10.3 % on x86-64. The size of a kGuard-protected kernel grows between 3.5 % and 5.6%, due to the inserted checks, while the impact on real-life appli-cations is minimal (≤1%). 1
111 Regional Expansion of a TL1 Program to Serve the 5 State Washington, Wyoming, Alaska, Montana and Idaho Region (2023)

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The ITHS TL1 program is designed to grow trainees’ competence and knowledge in translational research. Our objective is to expand the program to the 5-state Washington, Wyoming, Alaska, Montana, and Idaho (WWAMI) region by establishing a TL1 cohort at Montana State University (MSU). METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Interdisciplinary training at the predoctoral level is ideal for preparing the future translational workforce. At this stage in their training, they have developed disciplinary expertise but have not yet narrowed their specializations. By expanding the TL1 program to include both University of Washington (UW) and MSU we are amplifying the robust academic research networks of both institutions, particularly programs in rural health equity, rural and tribal populations, and emerging infectious diseases. Using a collaborative, online educational model we will bring together trainees in a multi directional, joint training effort utilizing existing and emerging collaborations. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The anticipated outcome is to create a single program by bringing together a cohort of scholars from various disciplines spanning the translational science spectrum, with diverse types of research experience which enables them to learn from each other in a diverse setting. This will allow the program to more effectively grow trainee’s competencies and knowledge in multidisciplinary translational research methodology, as well as build skills in team science and cross-disciplinary communication. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: If successful, the ITHS TL1 program will prepare translational scientists with an awareness of diverse perspectives and contemporary research challenges. This would benefit the 5 state WWAMI region, which covers 27% of the total land mass of the US.
Topology Optimization of a Flapping Wing using Equivalent Static Loads (2010)

The flapping wing of a micro air vehicle is optimized to enhance performance while some rigidity is kept with minimum mass. A work flow for the design of the flapping wing is defined. The performances to be enhanced are thrust coefficient and propulsive efficiency. The flapping kinematics of the flapping wing is determined by solving a path optimization problem which maximizes the performances. The optimization process is carried out based on a well defined surrogate model. The surrogate model is made from the results of two-dimensional fluid dynamic analysis. The Kriging method is employed to establish the surrogate model and a genetic algorithm is utilized for the multi-objective function problem. Dynamic topology optimization is performed to find the distribution of reinforcement. Certain rigidity can be kept by the results of topology optimization. A dynamic topology optimization method is developed by modification of the equivalent static loads method for non linear static response structural optimization. Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamic analysis is performed based on the optimum values of the path optimization to evaluate the external loads for the topology optimization process. It is found that the topology results are quite similar to the practical product. The process of the defined work flow is materialized by interfacing various software systems.