gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Combining Inverted Echo Sounder and Horizontal Electric Field Recorder Measurements to Obtain Absolute Velocity Profiles (2002)

Profiles of absolute velocity are difficult to obtain in the ocean, especially over long periods of time at the same location. This paper presents a method of estimating full water column absolute horizontal velocity profiles as a function of time by combining historical hydrography with the measurements from two separate instruments, the inverted echo sounder (IES) and the horizontal electric field recorder (HEFR). Hydrography is used to construct temperature, salinity, and specific volume anomaly characteristics as functions of the independent variables pressure and seafloor-to-sea-surface round-trip acoustic travel time (). Each IES measured is combined with these two-dimensional characteristics to estimate the profile of specific volume anomaly, which then is integrated vertically to obtain profiles of geopotential height anomaly (). Profiles of from adjacent IES sites are differenced to yield vertical profiles of relative geostrophic velocity. Horizontal electric fields arising from the vertically averaged horizontal water velocity provide the requisite referencing of the IES-derived relative velocities. Comparisons are presented between HEFRIES absolute velocities in the Southern Ocean near 51S, 143.5E and absolute velocities determined via hydrography, acoustic Doppler current profiler, and current meter.
Aortic graft infection: the value of percutaneous drainage. (1998)

Percutaneous drainage can be used as an initial form of treatment in the management of aortic graft infections. Surgery after percutaneous drainage appears to be safer than surgery alone.
Mathematical model of generalized radiation patterns of point-to-point and point-to-multipoint fixed service antennas for use in statistical interference assessment (2003)

Many of the satellite frequency allocations are based on the principle of sharing between terrestrial and space applications. To protect one sharing service from another, upper limits have been established by the ITU (International Telecommunication Union) on the amount of rf power that can be present at and interfere with a receiving station. To calculate the interference level at the fixed service (FS) receiver due to the broadcasting satellite service (BSS), antenna gain and sidelobe levels are the major factors to be determined. ITU Recommendation F.699-4 has suggested the maximum allowable gain and the side-lobe levels as a reference for antenna radiation patterns; however, this model overestimates the interference level. In a recent revised ITU model (ITU Recommendation CG9/6 Rev. 2-E), a more realistic reference antenna pattern has been proposed but in some cases it underestimates the interference levels. In this paper, a new model for generalized antenna radiation patterns is proposed using variable boundaries dependent on the antenna parameters.
A Case for Memory Content-Based Detection and Mitigation of Data-Dependent Failures in DRAM (2016)

DRAM cells in close proximity can fail depending on the data content in neighboring cells. These failures are called data-dependent failures. Detecting and mitigating these failures online while the system is running in the field enables optimizations that improve reliability, latency, and energy efficiency of the system. All these optimizations depend on accurately detecting every possible data-dependent failure that could occur with any content in DRAM. Unfortunately, detecting all data-dependent failures requires the knowledge of DRAM internals specific to each DRAM chip. As internal DRAM architecture is not exposed to the system, detecting data-dependent failures at the system-level is a major challenge. Our goal in this work is to decouple the detection and mitigation of data-dependent failures from physical DRAM organization such that it is possible to detect failures without knowledge of DRAM internals. To this end, we propose MEMCON , a memory content-based detection and mitigation mechanism for data-dependent failures in DRAM. MEMCON does not detect every possible data-dependent failure. Instead, it detects and mitigates failures that occur with the current content in memory while the programs are running in the system. Using experimental data from real machines, we demonstrate that MEMCON is an effective and low-overhead system-level detection and mitigation technique for data-dependent failures in DRAM.
An in-situ high-cylindricity micro-hole finishing technique (2017)

This study presents the development of an in-situ hybrid micro-manufacturing process for making a novel micro-tool for the fabrication of a high-precision micro-hole of 200-μm in diameter in difficult-to-machine material. The hybrid techniques approach consists of rotary micro-EDM, micro-EDM peck-drilling, codeposition, reverse micro-w-EDM, and micro-honing, which can all be conducted on a single machining center allowing for in-situ micro-manufacturing. A novel micro grinding-tool which has an invert-tapered forked microstructure with central-symmetry and radial-elasticity is designed and fabricated using the hybrid processes. By applying the principle of cantilever beam support, the micro grinding-tool is employed for honing a micro-hole on SKD11 cold-working steel, achieving micro-scale material removal. All working coordinates are recorded during the process, the micro-tool and -workpiece do not need to be unloaded and repositioned until all planned tasks are completed. Experimental results demonstrate that flatness of the hole-wall, circularity, cylindricity and surface roughness of the honed micro-hole are 1μm, 0.5μm, 1μm and Ra0.032μm, respectively. It is expected that the approach will significantly contribute to the high-precision industry and to future micro fabrication techniques.
ControlFlag: a self-supervised idiosyncratic pattern detection system for software control structures (2021)

Software debugging has been shown to utilize upwards of half of developers’ time. Yet, machine programming (MP), the field concerned with the automation of software (and hardware) development, has recently made strides in both research and production-quality automated debugging systems. In this paper we present ControlFlag, a self-supervised MP system that aims to improve debugging by attempting to detect idiosyncratic pattern violations in software control structures. ControlFlag also suggests possible corrections in the event an anomalous pattern is detected. We present ControlFlag’s design and provide an experimental evaluation and analysis of its efficacy in identifying potential programming errors in production-quality software. As a first concrete evidence towards improving software quality, ControlFlag has already found an anomaly in CURL that has been acknowledged and fixed by its developers. We also discuss future extensions of ControlFlag.
Quantitative analysis of EUV resist outgassing (2008)

Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) resist outgassing is viewed as one of the main factors to be considered in the research and development of EUV resists. The release of resist by outgassing in a high-vacuum EUV exposure tool system can mean contaminated optics which in effect causes a decrease in EUV energy reaching the wafer surface. An energy decrease could translate to lower throughputs and lesser productivity. In this paper, the quantification of resist outgassing upon EUV exposure is discussed. Special attention is given to the variation of resist outgassing quantification between evaluation tools of different beam intensities using the pressure rise method. Besides the commonly used resist outgassing rate calculation, the utilization of the resist outgassing amount as basis for comparison is proposed. Three types of resists were analyzed in two resist outgassing evaluation tools of different EUV beam intensities. As a result, resist outgassing rate was found to vary 19 to 109 times between evaluation tools. In contrast, resist outgassing amount was found to vary 1 to 2 times between evaluation tools. From these results, it is proposed that resist outgassing evaluations be performed using resist outgassing amount.
Genetic characterization of highly pathogenic avian influenza A H5N8 viruses isolated from wild birds in Egypt (2017)

A newly emerged H5N8 influenza virus was isolated from green-winged teal in Egypt during December 2016. In this study, we provide a detailed characterization of full genomes of Egyptian H5N8 viruses and some virological features. Genetic analysis demonstrated that the Egyptian H5N8 viruses are highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the genome of the Egyptian H5N8 viruses was related to recently characterized reassortant H5N8 viruses of clade 2.3.4.4 isolated from different Eurasian countries. Multiple peculiar mutations were characterized in the Egyptian H5N8 viruses, which probably permits transmission and virulence of these viruses in mammals. The Egyptian H5N8 viruses preferentially bound to avian-like receptors rather than human-like receptors. Also, the Egyptian H5N8 viruses were fully sensitive to amantadine and neuraminidase inhibitors. Chicken sera raised against commercial inactivated avian influenza-H5 vaccines showed no or very low reactivity with the currently characterized H5N8 viruses in agreement with the genetic dissimilarity. Surveillance of avian influenza in waterfowl provides early warning of specific threats to poultry and human health and hence should be continued.
Learning Pyramidal Feature Hierarchy for 3D Reconstruction (2022)

Neural network-based three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction methods have produced promising results. However, they do not pay particular attention to reconstructing detailed parts of objects. This occurs because the network is not designed to capture the fine details of objects. In this paper, we propose a network designed to capture both the coarse and fine details of objects to improve the reconstruction of the fine parts of objects.
Mid-Infrared Detection using a Microwave Resonator Photoconductive Architecture (2019)

In this paper, we present the microwave resonator photoconductor (MRPC), a photoconductive detector architecture which couples an active mid-infrared pixel to a Ku band microwave resonator. We compare the room temperature sensitivity of our MRPC to a standard photoconductor, and discuss the potential advantages.
Risk of specific lymphoma subtypes is associated to polymorphism in genes implicated in the metabolism of workplace carcinogens (2011)

<h3>Objectives</h3> Exploring lymphoma risk associated with metabolic gene polymorphisms might provide clues on the role of gene-environment interactions in lymphomagenesis. <h3>Methods</h3> We assessed polymorphisms in genes encoding for the metabolic enzymes CYP1A2, CYP2E1, GSTM1, GSTT1, NAT1, NAT2, NQ01, and PON1 in 255 incident lymphoma cases and 204 population controls. The OR for lymphoma overall, B lymphoma, and the diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) subtypes, associated to the less frequent allele was calculated along with the respective 95% CI, adjusting by age and gender. <h3>Results</h3> GSTT1 gene polymorphism significantly increased risk of DLBCL (OR = 5.0, IC 95% 3.0 to 8.3). An excess risk of DLBCL was also related to polymorphisms in the CYP1A2, PON1, NAT1 and NAT2genes. CLL risk was reduced in relation to CYP1A2 polymorphisms, increased in relation to GSTM1 deletion, and strongly associated with NAT1, and NAT2 mutant haplotypes. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Caution is recommended in interpreting the high risks in our study, due its small size. However, our results suggest that polymorphisms in genes encoding for the metabolic enzymes might affect risk of specific lymphoma subtypes associated with exposure to workplace carcinogens.
A Variance Reduced Stochastic Newton Method (2015)

Quasi-Newton methods are widely used in practise for convex loss minimization problems. These methods exhibit good empirical performance on a wide variety of tasks and enjoy super-linear convergence to the optimal solution. For large-scale learning problems, stochastic Quasi-Newton methods have been recently proposed. However, these typically only achieve sub-linear convergence rates and have not been shown to consistently perform well in practice since noisy Hessian approximations can exacerbate the effect of high-variance stochastic gradient estimates. In this work we propose Vite, a novel stochastic Quasi-Newton algorithm that uses an existing first-order technique to reduce this variance. Without exploiting the specific form of the approximate Hessian, we show that Vite reaches the optimum at a geometric rate with a constant step-size when dealing with smooth strongly convex functions. Empirically, we demonstrate improvements over existing stochastic Quasi-Newton and variance reduced stochastic gradient methods.
Low-Complexity CFO Estimation for Multi-User Massive MIMO Systems (2015)

Low-complexity carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimation and compensation in multi-user massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems is a challenging problem. The existing CFO estimation algorithms incur tremendous increase in complexity with increasing number of base station (BS) antennas, $M$ and number of user terminals (UTs) $K$ (i.e. massive MIMO regime). In this paper, we address this problem by proposing a novel low-complexity algorithm for CFO estimation which uses the pilot signal received at the BS during special uplink slots. The total per-channel use complexity of the proposed algorithm increases only linearly with increasing $M$ and is independent of $K$. Analysis reveals that the CFO estimation accuracy can be considerably improved by increasing $M$ and $K$ (i.e. massive MIMO regime). For example, for a fixed $K$ and a fixed training length, the required per-user radiated power during uplink training decreases as $\frac{1}{\sqrt{M}}$ with increasing $M$.
The reaction of organocerium reagents with easily enolizable ketones. (1985)

無水塩化セリウム(III)に有機リチウム化合物を反応させ,有機セリウム反応剤を調製した。この反応剤は Grignard 反応剤や有機リチウム反応剤とくらべて塩基性が低く,2-テトラロンや1,3-ジフェニル-2-プロパノンのようなエノール化しやすいケトンとも円滑に反応し,対応する求核付加物を高収率で与えた。またリチウムエノラートに無水塩化セリウムを反応させて得られるセリウムエノラートは,立体的にかさ高いアルデヒドやケトンとも反応し,アルドールを良好な収率で与えた。
1 Gbit/s automatic-power-control-free zero-bias modulation of very-low threshold MQW laser diodes (1987)

The first 1 Gbit/s, automatic-power-control-free zero-bias modulation has been successfully demonstrated using very low-threshold GaAs/AlGaAs MQW lasers. A stable multi-longitudinal mode oscillation due to zero-bias modulation was also observed. This result simplifies driving circuitry and is an important step towards realisation of high-speed and high-density optoelectronic integrated circuits.
Air-Filled Substrate Integrated Waveguide (AFSIW) Cavity-Backed Slot Antenna for 5G Applications (2020)

A cavity-backed slot antenna based on air-filled substrate integrated waveguide (AFSIW) with the technology of multilayer printed circuit board (PCB) is proposed for the 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system at 28 GHz for the first time. The whole antenna is made of five layers and its size is 10 mm ×9 mm. The top and bottom layers are Rogers RT6002 and the medium layer is based on an air-filled substrate integrated waveguide. According to simulation results, compared with the antenna which has the same structure but based on a substrate integrated waveguide (DFSIW), the antenna proposed in this paper increases the gain by 5.8 dB (4.8 dB), the total efficiency by 92.0% (69.7%) and the bandwidth by 990 MHz (207 MHz).
Experimental analysis and visualization of spatiotemporal patterns in spouted fluidized beds (2004)

A numerical characterization based on experimental data of the spouting regime in a two-dimensional fluidized bed is presented. The aspect ratio of the bed allowed for good visualization of the spouting and solids circulation as the spouting jet gas velocity was varied to highlight the visited bifurcation sequence. Digital video sequences were recorded and then preprocessed for numerical analysis. In this paper, the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) was applied to these data sets in order to identify and separate the dominant spatial features from the temporal evolution of the spouting dynamics. The results indicate that the overall spatiotemporal dynamics can be captured by a few POD eigenfunctions, and that the POD amplitudes can be used to distinguish between varying degrees of spouting.
A single crystal silicon low-g switch tolerant to impact accelerations up to 24,000 g (2015)

This paper presents a novel MEMS single-crystal silicon low-g switch surviving acceleration loads 200 times greater than its designed trigger load. In accordance with beam dynamics theory for survivability to high-g acceleration levels (on the order of 10,000-g's), low-g (<;150 g) switches were designed, fabricated and tested. Experiments have confirmed that the fabricated devices trigger in the ranges of 60-131 g and survive acceleration impacts of 24,000 g. Results were found to be in close agreement with the dynamic simulations of the fabricated device with the same acceleration profiles.
Changes in chemical properties of mitochondrial adenosine triphosphatase upon removal of tightly bound nucleotides (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChanges in chemical properties of mitochondrial adenosine triphosphatase upon removal of tightly bound nucleotidesJames K. Tamura and Jui H. WangCite this: Biochemistry 1983, 22, 8, 1947–1954Publication Date (Print):April 12, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 12 April 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00277a032https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00277a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views19Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Design of Passive Acoustic Wave Shaping Devices and Their Experimental Validation (2017)

We discuss a topology optimization based approach for designing passive acoustic wave shaping devices and demonstrate its application to; directional sound emission [1], sound focusing and wave splitting. Optimized devices, numerical and experimental results are presented and benchmarked against other designs proposed in the literature. We focus on design problems where the size of the device is on the order of the wavelength, a problematic region for traditional design methods, such as ray tracing.The acoustic optimization problem is formulated in the frequency domain and modeled by the Helmholtz equation. An exterior 2D model domain is used and an array of point sources is considered as sound emitters. The optimization goal is to identify a distribution of solid material in a design sub-domain which produces a desired spatial sound feld pattern across a frequency band of interest in a target sub-domain. The objective is the integral of the deviation in pressure magnitude, between a pre-scribed sound field and the solution to the model problem for a given design realization over the target sub-domain. Filtering is used for regularization and to allow for meaningful optimization for geometric robustness [2]. The Globally Convergent Method of Moving Asymptotes is used to perform the optimization [3].
2A2-I02 Control of a Bellows Actuator with ECF Pumps(Mechanism and Control for Actuator) (2011)

An electro-conjugate fluid (ECF) is a kind of dielectric fluid which generates a powerful flow when subjected to high DC voltage. The ECF is a promising micro fluid power source (an ECF pump) for actuators including artificial muscles, bellows actuators etc. For today control of these actuators has not been investigated well. In almost all ECF researches, ECF actuators have been controlled only by ON/OFF control except the research reporting PD control for ECF artificial muscle. In the research the gains of controller are determined just by experiment. Thus a control system designed by the control model has yet been developed for ECF actuators. In this research we propose the control model of the ECF pump. By using this model, we develop a bellows actuator control system for ECF pump to realize good response.
Correction to Effect of Confinement on Structure, Water Solubility, and Water Transport in Nafion Thin Films (2013)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to Effect of Confinement on Structure, Water Solubility, and Water Transport in Nafion Thin FilmsScott A. Eastman, Sangcheol Kim, Kirt A. Page*, Brandon W. Rowe, Shuhui Kang, Steven C. DeCaluwe, Joseph A. Dura, Christopher L. Soles, and Kevin G. YagerCite this: Macromolecules 2013, 46, 2, 571Publication Date (Web):January 3, 2013Publication History Published online3 January 2013Published inissue 22 January 2013https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma302140dhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma302140dcorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2013 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views984Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (105 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts