gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ultrafast Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy by Frequency-Division-Multiplexed Multi-Line Focusing (2016)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Share on X Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Share with WeChat Get Citation Copy Citation Text H. Mikami, H. Kobayashi, S. Hamad, Y. Ozeki, and K. Goda, "Ultrafast Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy by Frequency-Division-Multiplexed Multi-Line Focusing," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2016), paper AM4O.5. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Novel Fractal-Based Sub-RPE Compartment OCT Radiomics Biomarkers Are Associated With Subfoveal Geographic Atrophy in Dry AMD (2023)

With further validation, FD features could be potentially used for clinical trial enrichment and assessments for therapeutic response in dry AMD patients.
Hybrid Acoustic-Wave-Lumped-Element Resonators (AWLRs) for High-<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$Q$</tex> </formula> Bandpass Filters With Quasi-Elliptic Frequency Response (2015)

A new class of bandpass filters with quasi-elliptic frequency response, small physical size, and effective quality factors (Qs <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eff</sub> ) of the order of 1000 are presented. They are based on novel hybrid acoustic-wave-lumped-element resonator (AWLR) modules that enable the realization of bandpass filters with fractional bandwidths (FBWs) that are much larger (0.91-5.1 k <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) than the electromechanical coupling coefficient (k <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) of conventional acoustic wave (AW) resonator filters that exhibit FBWs between 0.4-0.8 k <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . In addition, they exhibit Qs <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eff</sub> that are 25-50 times larger than in traditional lumped-element filter architectures. Quasi-elliptic single-pole bandpass filters (one pole and two zeros) made up of commercially available one-port surface AW resonators and surface-mount-device components are manufactured and measured at 418 MHz. Various passbands with FBW between 0.07% and 0.4% and insertion loss below 1.25 dB (i.e., Qs <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eff</sub> in the range of 1525-5150) are demonstrated. Second-order bandpass filters (two poles and four zeros) with 0.24% FBW and less than 1.15 dB of insertion loss (i.e., Qs <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eff</sub> of 4000) are also shown to improve the passband selectivity and out-of-band rejection. These filters feature dynamic stopband characteristics by tuning the position of their transmission zeros. The operating principle, theoretical analysis, and design guidelines of the AWLR module, as well as a comparison with traditional all-AW ladder-type filters, are also reported. An original and rather simple RLC-circuit equivalent of AW resonators that facilitates the incorporation of spurious modes into a simple Butterworth-Van-Dyke model for a more accurate synthesis of AWLR-based filters is extracted from measured two-port S-parameters.
Airborne Endospore Bioburden as an Indicator of Spacecraft Cleanliness (2006)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Bacterial endospores are ubiquitous in terrestrial environments as a result of their ability to persist through environmental extremes of moisture, chemical toxins, pressure, heat and UV radiation. Current studies suggest that Airborne Endospore Bioburden (AEB) may be used as an indicator of spacecraft cleanliness. AEB, as measured in closed environment air sampling under laboratory conditions and in the Environmental Control and Life Support System at Marshall Space Flight Center, has indicated that increased total counts of airborne endospores can be correlated to surface microbial contamination. Advanced detection methods using PDMS sampling techniques, the highly sensitive terbium-dipicolinic acid (Tb&lt;sup&gt;3+&lt;/sup&gt;-DPA) endospore assay, and standard microbial monitoring methods can be used to track trends in the settling of airborne spores. AEB measurements have the potential to be used in monitoring surface bioburden to anticipate buildup on critical spacecraft hardware and expedite remediation.&lt;/div&gt;
Signal and Loss Geometry Aware Frequency Selective Extrapolation for Error Concealment (2018)

The concealment of errors is an important task in image and video signal processing. Often, complex models are calculated to reconstruct the missing samples, which results in a long computation time. One method that achieves a very high reconstruction quality, but demands a moderate computational complexity only, is the block based Frequency Selective Extrapolation. Nevertheless, the reconstruction of a Full HD image can still take several minutes depending on the error pattern. To accelerate the computation, a novel algorithm is introduced in this paper that analyzes the adjacent, undistorted samples and optimizes the reconstruction parameters accordingly. Moreover, the analyzation is further used to adapt the partitioning of the blocks and the processing order. Similar to modern video codecs, e.g., High Efficiency Video Coding, a content based partitioning and processing is proposed as it takes the signal characteristics into account. Thus, the novel algorithm is on average four times faster than the state-of-the-art method and up to 25× quicker at best, while achieving a slightly higher reconstruction quality as well.
Modern Methods of On‐Line Size Analysis for Particulate Process Streams (1991)

Abstract Two techniques for on‐line particle size measurement are evaluated on the reproducibility of their volume distribution determinations. A forward scattering laser light devise is interfaced with a dilutor to examine the potential of this technique for high concentration streams. The forward scattering instruments are capable of outputting extremely reproducible distributions and here we show that when the dilutor is well designed, the on‐line instrument can have similar performance. We compare this with a scanning back scatter instrument which is directly inserted in highly concentrated slurries. We present the methods used to improve the robustness of the conversion of the output of the back scatter instrument to volume distributions. The output of the back scatter instrument is inherently less stable but with the proper methods one can obtain reproducibilities of the order of 2 to 6 percent.
Physicochemical Properties of Neisseria meningitidis Group C and Y Polysaccharide Antigens (1970)

Chemical and physical studies of the Neisseria meningitidis group C and Y antigens indicated that these preparations are acidic polysaccharides. The group C antigen contains predominately n-acetyl neuraminic acid, with small amounts of glucose, glucosamine, and mannose, whereas the group Y antigen contains glucose, glucosamine, and mannose. The molecular weights of the group C and Y antigens were found to be 88,000 and 197,000, respectively. The group C antigen was susceptible to neuraminidase digestion. Finally, the immunological reactivity of neither antigen was inhibited in hemagglutination or immunodiffusion systems by neutral or substituted sugars.
A Comparison of the Rheologic Properties of an Adipose-Derived Extracellular Matrix Biomaterial, Lipoaspirate, Calcium Hydroxylapatite, and Cross-linked Hyaluronic Acid (2014)

Of the 4 materials tested, calcium hydroxylapatite has the highest mean storage modulus and mean complex viscosity, and hyaluronic acid has the lowest. The viscoelastic properties of adipose-derived ECM are most similar to those of lipoaspirate, suggesting that it may be an ideal candidate for soft-tissue reconstruction.
Application of aberration corrected low voltage SEM for metrology (2019)

We have been integrating an automatic aberration correction system, capable of chromatic and spherical aberration correction, to an SEM platform. Performance in CD metrology and inspection are being evaluated at ultra-low landing energy conditions down to 100 eV. The improvement in image sharpness was proved with Au particle samples. Furthermore, the surface sensitivity and image sharpness, during SEM observation of devices consisting of light elements, were also improved. Both the bridge structures of the DSA fingerprint pattern, and the unevenness of the outmost surface of FinFET gates were clearly observed at landing energy of 150 eV. Besides, line-edge roughness and subtle residue at trench area of EUV resist L&amp;S pattern was also clearly observed at landing energy of less than 100 eV, which indicates aberration-correction-technology integrated SEM is promising for both inspection and CD metrology in the EUV lithography era.
High‐Q Spectral Peaks and Nonstationarity in the Deep Ocean Infragravity Wave Band: Tidal Harmonics and Solar Normal Modes (2019)

Abstract Infragravity waves have received the least study of any class of waves in the deep ocean. This paper analyzes a 389‐day‐long deep ocean pressure record from the Hawaii Ocean Mixing Experiment for the presence of narrowband (≲2 μHz) components and nonstationarity over 400–4,000 μHz using a combination of fitting a mixture noncentral/central χ 2 model to spectral estimates, high‐resolution multitaper spectral estimation, and computation of the offset coherence between distinct frequencies for a given data segment. In the frequency band 400–1,000 μHz there is a noncentral fraction of 0.67 ± 0.07 that decreases with increasing frequency. Evidence is presented for the presence of tidal harmonics in the data over the 400‐ to 1,400‐μHz bands. Above ~2,000 μHz the noncentral fraction rises with frequency, comprising about one third of the spectral estimates over 3,000–4,000 μHz. The power spectrum exhibits frequent narrowband peaks at 6–11 standard deviations above the noise level. The widths of the peaks correspond to a Q of at least 1,000, vastly exceeding that of any oceanic or atmospheric process. The offset coherence shows that the spectral peaks have substantial ( p = 0.99–0.9999) interfrequency correlation, both locally and between distinct peaks within a given analysis band. Many of the peak frequencies correspond to the known values for solar pressure modes that have previously been observed in solar wind and terrestrial data, while others are the result of nonstationarity that distributes power across frequency. Overall, this paper documents the existence of two previously unrecognized sources of infragravity wave variability in the deep ocean.
Pathophysiology of the cardio-renal syndromes types 1–5: An uptodate (2017)

According to the recent definition proposed by the Consensus conference on Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative Group, the term cardio-renal syndrome (CRS) has been used to define different clinical conditions in which heart and kidney dysfunction overlap. Type 1 CRS (acute cardio- renal syndrome) is characterized by acute worsening of cardiac function leading to AKI (5, 6) in the setting of active cardiac disease such as ADHF, while type - 2 CRS occurs in a setting of chronic heart disease. Type 3 CRS is closely link to acute kidney injury (AKI), while type 4 represent cardiovascular involvement in chronic kidney disese (CKD) patients. Type 5 CRS represent cardiac and renal involvement in several diseases such as sepsis, hepato - renal syndrome and immune - mediated diseases.
Commentary: predicting survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients (2012)

We read the article by Lee et al. with great interest.1 The authors are to be congratulated for conducting a cohort study involving patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with such an impressive sample size. They managed to identify three readily available clinical parameters, namely serum bilirubin, α-fetoprotein levels and degree of ascites, to predict patient outcomes. We would like to address a few issues. The findings of this study were somehow different from our experience in certain extent, as we previously demonstrated that MELD-based systems perform better than Child–Pugh-based systems (which include serum bilirubin level and degree of ascites in the formulations) as prognostic indexes for HCC.2 As the assessment of ascites can be subjective, we would like to know how the degree of ascites was assessed and documented, and what measures were carried out to avoid the bias secondary to interobserver variability. The interactions between the underlying aetiologies of HCC (which are often viral in origin) and treatment modalities of HCC also play important roles on patient outcomes.3 High viral load has been consistently shown to increase the risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC development.4, 5 It has been shown in a recent meta-analysis that anti-viral therapy is useful in preventing tumour recurrence, as well as in reducing liver-related death, after curative treatment of HBV-related HCC.6 Therefore, the authors should provide the information on viral factors (e.g. HBV DNA levels of HBV-infected patients) and the use of anti-viral therapy. These factors should also be assessed in the multivariate analysis if appropriate. Finally, the method of HCC diagnosis has implication on patient's outcome, as HCC surveillance has been shown to improve patient's survival.7 Furthermore, commencement of anti-viral therapy during the surveillance period is proven to improve overall survival in HBV-related HCC.8 It would be nice if the authors could also provide data on the effect of HCC surveillance on patient's outcome. Declaration of personal interests: Grace Wong has served as a speaker for Echosens and an advisory board member for Otsuka. Vincent Wong has served as a speaker for Abbott Diagnostics, Novartis, Roche, Bristol-Myers Squibb and Echosens, and an advisory board member for Novartis, Roche, Gilead and Otsuka. Declaration of funding interests: None.
Teacher-Student Learning Paradigm for Tri-training: An Efficient Method for Unlabeled Data Exploitation. (2019)

Given that labeled data is expensive to obtain in real-world scenarios, many semi-supervised algorithms have explored the task of exploitation of unlabeled data. Traditional tri-training algorithm and tri-training with disagreement have shown promise in tasks where labeled data is limited. In this work, we introduce a new paradigm for tri-training, mimicking the real world teacher-student learning process. We show that the adaptive teacher-student thresholds used in the proposed method provide more control over the learning process with higher label quality. We perform evaluation on SemEval sentiment analysis task and provide comprehensive comparisons over experimental settings containing varied labeled versus unlabeled data rates. Experimental results show that our method outperforms other strong semi-supervised baselines, while requiring less number of labeled training samples.
Immunotherapy for Parkinson’s disease (2020)

With the increasing prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD), there is an immediate need to interdict disease signs and symptoms. In recent years this need was met through therapeutic approaches focused on regenerative stem cell replacement and alpha-synuclein clearance. However, neither have shown long-term clinical benefit. A novel therapeutic approach designed to affect disease is focused on transforming the brain's immune microenvironment. As disordered innate and adaptive immune functions are primary components of neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis, this has emerged as a clear opportunity for therapeutic development. Interventions that immunologically restore the brain's homeostatic environment can lead to neuroprotective outcomes. These have recently been demonstrated in both laboratory and early clinical investigations. To these ends, efforts to increase the numbers and function of regulatory T cells over dominant effector cells that exacerbate systemic inflammation and neurodegeneration have emerged as a primary research focus. These therapeutics show broad promise in affecting disease outcomes beyond PD, such as for Alzheimer's disease, stroke and traumatic brain injuries, which share common neurodegenerative disease processes.
Visualizing Materials Chemistry at Atomic Resolution (2010)

Analytical electron microscopy--empowered by advances in electron optics and detectors--is poised to radically transform our understanding of the complex phenomena arising from atomic and electronic structure in materials chemistry. (To listen to a podcast about this article, please go to the Analytical Chemistry multimedia page at pubs.acs.org/page/ancham/audio/index.html.).
Characterization of the Adducts Formed in the Reactions of Glycidamide with Thymidine and Cytidine (2004)

Glycidamide (GA) is a mutagenic epoxide metabolite of acrylamide (AM), a high production chemical with many industrial uses. Moreover, recent findings have shown that AM is formed in starchy foods cooked at high temperatures. This has refocused the attention on this chemical and its metabolite and on their possible mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. In this study, we have reacted GA with cytidine and thymidine in aqueous-buffered solutions. The adducts from the nucleosides have been isolated by reversed phase HPLC and characterized by their UV absorbance and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric features. The reaction with thymidine yielded one adduct, N3-(2-carbamoyl-2-hydroxyethyl)thymidine (N3-GA-dThd), while the reaction with cytidine yielded three adducts. Two adducts were identified as a diastereomeric pair of N3-(2-carboxy-2-hydroxyethyl)cytidine (N3-GA-Cyd-1 and N3-GA-Cyd-2). The third adduct from the cytidine reaction was identified as N3-(2-carboxy-2-hydroxyethyl)uridine (N3-GA-Urd).
TORCH (2008)

A design tool for routing channel segmentation in island-style FPGAs is presented. Given the FPGA architecture parameters and a set of benchmark designs, the tool optimizes routing channel segmentation using the average interconnect power-delay product as a performance metric estimated from placed and routed designs. A simulated-annealing procedure is used, whereby segmentation is incrementally changed in each iteration, the benchmark designs are mapped using VPR, and the performance metric is computed to decide whether to accept or reject the new segmentation. Run time is significantly reduced by using incremental routing in each iteration and parallelizing the metric evaluation. Experimental results using the MCNC benchmark designs demonstrate an average of 22% and 15% reduction in delay and power relative to a baseline segmentation. The results also show that average segment length should decrease with technology scaling. Finally, we demonstrate how the tool can be used to optimize other aspects of programmable routing in an FPGA
HOST SPECIFICITY OF THE MICROSPORIDIAN PATHOGEN VAIRIMORPHA INVICTAE AT FIVE FIELD SITES WITH INFECTED SOLENOPSIS INVICTA FIRE ANT COLONIES IN NORTHERN ARGENTINA (2007)

The microsporidian pathogen Vairimorpha invictae is being evaluated for release in the United States as a potential self-sustaining biological control agent for imported fire ants. We examined the host range of this pathogen at 5 sites in northern Argentina where Solenopsis invicta Buren fire ant colonies had high levels of infection (28-83%). At 3 sites near the city of Corrientes, we examined 509 non-Solenopsis ants from 61 collections, 12 genera, and 19 species with a polymerase chain reaction-based screening procedure. No V. invictae infections were detected in any of the samples. At 2 sites near San Javier in Santa Fe Province, 350 km to the south, we screened another 438 non-Solenopsis ants from 44 baits, 4 genera, and 4 species, again with no infections. At the Corrientes sites, we also examined 235 non-ant arthropods from 10 orders, 43 families, and more than 80 species. None were infected with V. invictae. The results of this study indicate that, in its native South American range, V. invictae is specific to Solenopsis fire ants.
A simple proof of a known blind channel identifiability result (1999)

An alternative simple proof for a well-known result encountered in blind identification and equalization of communication channels is derived. It is shown that the coprimeness condition of a number of FIR channels is equivalent to the full column rank condition of a certain block Sylvester matrix, whose entries are the channel coefficients. As a corollary, it is also shown that in general, the null space of a block Sylvester matrix is spanned by the set of (generalized) Vandermonde vectors associated with the common zeros present in all the channels.
<title>Practical wavelength division demultiplexer for short-wavelength local area networks</title> (1999)

Using a beveled-edge to coupled optical signals into a waveguiding plate, a path-reversed substrate-guided wave holographic interconnection is employed for a WDDM with a channel wavelength spacing as small as 2 nm. A waveguide grating with a 45 degree incident angle and a 45 degree diffraction angle is fabricated using 20 micrometers thick DuPont photopolymer film HRF 600 X 001. The dispersion and the 3 dB bandwidth of the device are measured to be 0.18 degrees/nm and 20 nm, respectively. A four-channel wavelength demultiplexing is demonstrated at 796 nm, 798 nm, 800 nm and 802 nm with no crosstalk observed. A one-to-five cascaded 4-channel WDDM with +/- 5 percent energy uniformity under an s-polarization is also demonstrated to increase the user-sharing capacity. Twenty fanout channels are experimentally achieved.
Benefits of Airway Androgen Receptor Expression in Human Asthma (2021)

<b>Rationale:</b> Androgens are potentially beneficial in asthma, but <i>AR</i> (androgen receptor) has not been studied in human airways.<b>Objectives:</b> To measure whether <i>AR</i> and its ligands are associated with human asthma outcomes.<b>Methods:</b> We compared the effects of <i>AR</i> expression on lung function, symptom scores, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (Fe<sub>NO</sub>) in adults enrolled in SARP (Severe Asthma Research Program). The impact of sex and of androgens on asthma outcomes was also evaluated in the SARP with validation studies in the Cleveland Clinic Health System and the NHANES (U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey).<b>Measurements and Main Results:</b> In SARP (<i>n</i> = 128), <i>AR</i> gene expression from bronchoscopic epithelial brushings was positively associated with both FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC ratio (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.135, <i>P</i> = 0.0002) and the total Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire score (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.056, <i>P</i> = 0.016) and was negatively associated with Fe<sub>NO</sub> (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.178, <i>P</i> = 9.8 × 10<sup>-6</sup>) and <i>NOS2</i> (nitric oxide synthase gene) expression (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.281, <i>P</i> = 1.2 × 10<sup>-10</sup>). In SARP (<i>n</i> = 1,659), the Cleveland Clinic Health System (<i>n</i> = 32,527), and the NHANES (<i>n</i> = 2,629), women had more asthma exacerbations and emergency department visits than men. The levels of the <i>AR</i> ligand precursor dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate correlated positively with the FEV<sub>1</sub> in both women and men.<b>Conclusions:</b> Higher bronchial <i>AR</i> expression and higher androgen levels are associated with better lung function, fewer symptoms, and a lower Fe<sub>NO</sub> in human asthma. The role of androgens should be considered in asthma management.