gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TMIC-35. ASTROCYTE-DEPENDENT ENHANCEMENT OF GLIOBLASTOMA GROWTH AS A CANDIDATE THERAPEUTIC TARGET (2018)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a disease with an urgent need for deeper understanding and new therapeutic approaches. As in other solid tumors, the tumor microenvironment (TME) is likely to control growth and sensitivity to treatment. Key components of the TME of GBM include the vasculature, microglia and astrocytes. Whereas GBM vasculature and microglia have been extensively studied, less is known about the potential involvement of astrocytes in GBM biology. In this study, astrocytes were investigated with regard to their effect on glioblastoma growth through in vitro approaches and in an in vivo model. Our studies, using different established GBM cell lines, and patient-derived primary GBM cultures, show that co-cultured astrocytes increase GBM cell number by supporting GBM cell proliferation. Furthermore, orthotopic co-injection of astrocytes and GBM cells in mice leads to reduced survival as compared to GBM cell mono-injection. Gene-expression analyses of mono- or co-cultured astrocytes have identified a GBM-cell-induced astrocyte gene signature. Analyses of two publically available GBM gene expression data set demonstrated that the signature of “GBM-educated” astrocytes was associated with significantly shorter survival. These analyses also indicated differences between molecular subgroups of GBM regarding the signature, such that the mesenchymal subset displayed a higher signature score as compared to the other molecular GBM subtypes. A high-throughput screening of approximately 1200 compounds of the “Prestwick-library” has been performed to identify compounds which specifically block the astrocyte-dependent proliferation of U343MG GBM cells. Following the initial screen, 12 compounds have been validated as specifically acting on GBM growth in co-culture. Two of them have been selected for further studies. In summary, this ongoing study suggests that astrocytes contribute to glioblastoma growth and implies this crosstalk as a candidate target for novel therapies. Clinical relevance of the model system is suggested by the prognostic significance of the signature of GBM-educated astrocytes.
In Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) (2018)

In order to help realize the plans to explore space beyond Earth's environment, there is the question of how much of the required hardware and expendables should be brought from Earth, or should/must the resources extant at the point of exploration for mission accomplishments be utilized, and if so, to what extent. Several factors, including cost, mission, and schedules, affect this resolution, but understanding the complexities associated with each avenue requires considerable verifiable data related to technologies involved, which, without actual experience, becomes impossible to quantify. Both robotic and human missions can benefit from utilization of resources, based on many studies examining both lunar and Mars exploration. While human missions may benefit most, because of the high dependence on expendables, robotics can benefit as well, a case in point being propellant and oxidant requirements for a Mars return mission with collected samples planned for Mars 2020. In situ resource utilization (ISRU) discussions began in the 1960s directed toward moon, the major focus at the time, but following the Viking Landers' successes, technology concepts applicable to various aspects of future exploration on Mars ensued. Since then, the understanding of ISRU has expanded to include how to conserve/use waste products from humans in space into useful products as well as how to advance lunar and Mars human missions based on efficient conversion of materials in situ. Although there are many aspects associated with identifying the sources available, the methods of capturing/collecting the resource, conversion technologies, and storing and subsequently reusing these products in human missions are involved. This chapter will only address the concepts and technologies associated with resource utilization/conversion that have been extolled and/or advanced through demonstrations, as they are oriented toward either lunar or Mars operations.
Low Molecular Mass Inhibitors from Calf Thymus Selective for T-Lymphocyte Proliferation (1986)

Endogenous factors preferentially inhibiting T-lymphocyte proliferation were prepared from the acetone precipitate of a 60% ethanol extract from calf thymus and their biochemical properties examined. By ultrafiltration the strongest lymphocyte-selective inhibition was found in the molecular mass range between 1 and 5 kDa. Fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) of this fraction on an anion exchange column eluted the lymphocyte inhibitors at 205-265 mM ammonium acetate. Staining procedures following IEF and TLC suggested, that the inhibitors may not be glycoconjugates or amines but small weakly acidic peptides (less than 3 kDa).
Acoustic modulation during laser debonding of collective hybrid bonded dies (2021)

Laser debonding is assessed as an alternative to mechanical peel debonding in a collective hybrid bonding flow. Potential risks associated with the laser, such as the UV-photon energy, thermal energy and mechanical/acoustic energy are evaluated both on dummy wafers as on electrically yielding device wafers. It is shown that the laser ablation of a so called laser release layer generates an acoustic shock wave that in the case of ultra-thin dies can lead to die damage and thus a lower transfer yield. A model is proposed and based on it and an `acoustic layer' is added to the flow which is successful in preventing this type of damage. The influence of this additional layer on the established bonding process of reference is assessed in detail. A 100% die-transfer yield with an average sub 150 nm die-to-target-wafer alignment yield is achieved.
Fast and Robust Estimation of Lithium-ion Batteries State of Health Using Ensemble Learning (2021)

Extreme learning machine (ELM) has attracted attention in battery SOH estimation due to its advantages such as fast operation, straightforward solution, and less computational complexity. However, the relatively low accuracy and poor stability are still problems. To achieve high accuracy and good generalization performance, a bagging-based ELM is proposed in this paper, which combines ELM with bagging technology. Bagging is used to reconstruct the dataset so that multiple base-level ELMs can be trained. In addition, the input voltage sequence is extracted from the partial charging curve, and its length and starting points are optimized. In order to illustrate the performance of the proposed algorithms, both self-validation and mutual validation are used. Finally, experiments are performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Results reveal that the proposed method improves the accuracy of the traditional ELM method by 40% in the case of self-validation. Even in the mutual validation where traditional ELM cannot accurately estimate the SOH, the proposed method still maintains a high estimation accuracy.
Improvement of mass source/sink for an immersed boundary method (2006)

Abstract An improved immersed boundary method using a mass source/sink as well as momentum forcing is developed for simulating flows over or inside complex geometries. The present method is based on the Navier–Stokes solver adopting the fractional step method and a staggered Cartesian grid system. A more accurate formulation of the mass source/sink is derived by considering mass conservation of the virtual cells in the fluid crossed by the immersed boundary. Two flow problems (the decaying vortex problem and uniform flow past a circular cylinder) are used to validate the proposed formulation. The results indicate that the accuracy near the immersed boundary is improved by introducing the accurate mass source/sink. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
An incremental machine learning mechanism applied to robot navigation (2002)

We apply an incremental machine learning algorithm to the problem of robot navigation. The learning algorithm is applied to a simple robot simulation to automatically induce a list of declarative rules. The rules are pruned in order to remove the rules that are operationally useless. The final set is initially used to control the robot navigating an obstacle-free path planned in a polygonal environment with satisfactory results. Crisp conditions used in the rules are then replaced by fuzzy conditions fashioned by a human expert. The new set of rules are shown to produce better results.
Microfluidics and Personalised Medicine (2006)

Personalized medicine is set to transform the diagnosis and treatment of many of the most prominent and dangerous diseases. By analyzing a patient or population’s genome, transcriptome or proteome, complete patient profiling is possible. For the engineer the key issue is to process the biomolecules so that they can be read into an electronic transducer. From then modern computing methods are sufficient to process and analyze the data. Microfluidics will be the key technology in overcoming the present bottleneck, providing a high throughput, low cost method to presenting molecular data to the transducer.
Adaptive chromatic dispersion compensation in 1.6 Tbit/s DPSK and ASK transmission experiments over 44...94 km of SSMF (2005)

Chromatic dispersion (CD) in single-mode optical fiber distorts pulses and is a big obstacle against the upgrading of long-haul, dynamically routed wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) transmission systems at 10 Gbit/s and beyond. High-performance adaptive dispersion compensators are required as well as reliable low-cost hardware for the detection of residual CD. Targeting high-capacity metro systems, full-band 1.6-Tb/s (40x40Gbit/s) adaptive CD compensation is demonstrated in this experiment, using CSRZ-ASK and NRZ-DPSK modulation formats. A multichannel dispersion compensator, tunable in the range -700 to -1500 ps/nm, is automatically controlled by arrival time detection in one of the 40 transmitted WDM channels. Dispersion and its slope are tuned simultaneously by a thermal gradient of the grating-based compensator to match the parameters of standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) with lengths between 44 and 94 km.
ChemInform Abstract: MECHANISM OF THE REPPE CYCLOOCTATETRAENE SYNTHESIS FROM ETHYNE: A LABELING EXPERIMENT (1982)

Abstract Durch Einsatz von [1‐ 13 C]Acetylen wird [ 13 C 4 ]Cyclooctatetraen erhalten und durch gezielten Abbau die Verteilung des 13 C im Cyclooctatetraen‐Ring ermittelt.
Induction of expression of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator. (1992)

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) was studied in HT-29 human colonic carcinoma cells with the aim of assessing possible mechanisms of up-regulation of its expression. CFTR was identified and quantified in total cell extracts by Western immunoblots using a monoclonal anti-CFTR antibody and was functionally assessed by tracer Cl-efflux from intact cells. It was found that various stimuli that lead to a sustained (greater than or equal to 8 h) elevation of intracellular cyclic AMP elicited a marked and specific increase in CFTR expression in cell membranes and concomitant activation of Cl- secretion. Further activation of Cl- secretion was obtained by additional short term activation by cyclic AMP analogues or cyclic AMP-inducing agents. Blockers of transcription or translation largely depressed the cAMP-mediated induction of CFTR levels and associated function, indicating that the inductive phenomenon was at the transcriptional level. The results imply the involvement of putative cyclic AMP responsive (and related) elements that are present in the CFTR gene promoter and that are known to modulate eukaryotic gene expression. Activation of these elements by various stimuli might provide pharmacological tools for up-regulation of CFTR expression at both biochemical and physiological levels.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophilic Substitution and Claisen Rearrangement Reactions of Model Fluoroalkenes of General Structure R—CF=CF—CF3. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Siloxane containing addition polyimides (1984)

Addition polyimide oligomers have been synthesized from bis(gamma-aminopropyl) tetramethyldisiloxane and 3, 3', 4, 4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride using a variety of latent crosslinking groups as endcappers. The prepolymers were isolated and characterized for solubility (in amide, chlorinated and ether solvents), melt flow and cure properties. The most promising systems, maleimide and acetylene terminated prepolymers, were selected for detailed study. Graphite cloth reinforced composites were prepared and properties compared with those of graphite/Kerimid 601, a commercially available bismaleimide. Mixtures of the maleimide terminated system with Kerimid 601, in varying proportions, were also studied.
Advances in Endosurgery: Treatment of Ureteral-Enteric Anastomotic Strictures (1989)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 May 1989Advances in Endosurgery: Treatment of Ureteral-Enteric Anastomotic Strictures E.V. Kramolowsky, and R.V. Clayman E.V. KramolowskyE.V. Kramolowsky More articles by this author , and R.V. ClaymanR.V. Clayman More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)41267-5AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Advances in Endosurgery: Treatment of Ureteral-Enteric Anastomotic Strictures." The Journal of Urology, 141(5), p. 1274 © 1989 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 141Issue 5May 1989Page: 1274 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1989 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information E.V. Kramolowsky More articles by this author R.V. Clayman More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
1032 The Niemann-Pick Type C Suspicion Index Tool: Examination of its Discriminatory Power by Age and Associations by Leading Symptoms (2012)

<h3>Background and Aims</h3> The Suspicion Index (SI) screening tool was developed to identify suspected patients with Niemann-Pick disease type C (NP-C, Neurology, 2012). The SI provides Risk Prediction Score (RPS) based on NP-C symptoms within and across domains (visceral, neurological, and psychiatric). To further examine a) discriminatory power of the SI by age and b) symptom-associations by NP-C suspicion-level and leading symptoms. <h3>Methods</h3> The original retrospective data were split into three age groups, where NP-C positive cases were: &gt;16 years (n=30), 4–16 years (n=18), and &lt; 4 years (n=23), and patients’ RPS was analysed by logistic regression. Co-occurrence of symptoms within groups of suspicion-level (low, medium, and high) and leading symptoms (presence/absence of ataxia, cognitive decline, psychosis, and splenomegaly) were analysed descriptively. <h3>Results</h3> NP-C positive cases vs. controls showed strong discriminatory power of RPS. Area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve was 0.964 (&gt;16 years) and 0.981 (4–16 years) but a weaker 0.562 for infants (&lt; 4 years). Patients with RPS &lt; 70 were characterised by a lack of psychiatric symptoms and low levels of neurological involvement, suggestive of a more visceral phenotype. In patients &gt;4 years, prominent leading symptoms’ associations were: ataxia with “dystonia, dysarthria/dysphagia and cognitive decline”; psychosis with “dysarthria/dysphagia”; and psychotic symptoms with “cognitive decline and treatment-resistant psychiatric symptoms”. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The SI tool maintains strong discriminatory power in patients &gt;4 years but is not as useful for infants &lt; 4 years. The SI is informative regarding the association and co-occurrence of symptoms in patients with NP-C.
Comparison of the electron-transfer reactivities of tris(oxalato)cobaltate(III) (Co(ox)33-) and tris(1,10-phenanthroline)cobalt(III) (Co(phen)33+) with metalloproteins (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComparison of the electron-transfer reactivities of tris(oxalato)cobaltate(III) (Co(ox)33-) and tris(1,10-phenanthroline)cobalt(III) (Co(phen)33+) with metalloproteinsRobert A. Holwerda, David B. Knaff, Harry B. Gray, John D. Clemmer, Robert Crowley, J. Michael Smith, and A. Grant MaukCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 3, 1142–1146Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00523a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00523a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views183Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Turbo demodulation of zero-padded OFDM transmissions (2002)

This article extends turbo demodulation to the zero-padded OFDM (ZP-OFDM) system by accounting for the noise color and the symbols estimates correlation introduced by equalization. Resorting to realistic simulations, we show that turbo demodulation used with set partitioning labeling can significantly outperform noniterative decoding with Gray labeling. We also show that it increases the performance gap between ZP-OFDM and OFDM with cyclic prefix (CP-OFDM) relative to noniterative decoding, because it amplifies the performance gain due to the guaranteed symbol recovery of ZP-OFDM.
Effectiveness of silane treatment on absorbable microfibers (1992)

Preliminary experiments suggest pretreatment of absorbable crystalline, calcium-sodium-metaphosphate (CSM) microfibers with trimethoxy-based silane coupling agents yields a polysiloxane film barrier which protects the fiber surface from early dissolution due to water. Compared to thermoplastic poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) composites reinforced with untreated fibers, PLLA composites reinforced with a variety of silane pretreated microfibers showed increased mechanical properties, suggesting improved adhesion was achieved at the fiber/matrix interface. Unfortunately, the silane pretreated CSM/PLLA composite showed no increase in wet strength retention after short-term in vitro exposure. This may be due to plasticization from water entering the composite at areas of incomplete fiber wetting by the highly viscous molten PLLA. However, when a nonabsorbable, low viscosity unsaturated polyester thermoset resin was reinforced with methacryloxy-silane pretreated CSM microfibers, there was no decrease in flexural strength and less than a 10% decrease in flexural modulus after 7 days exposure to 7.4 pH Tris-buffered saline at 37 degrees C.
Further Evidence of Host Species-Specific Variation in Antigens of Pneumocystis carinii Using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (1993)

To further elucidate the extent of variation among Pneumocystis carinii obtained from different mammalian hosts, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of the genes encoding two antigens of P. carinii was done. Using primers based on the ferret P. carinii glycoprotein (gp)A gene and the rat P. carinii 45- to 55-kDa antigen gene, amplification was attempted with DNA isolated from P. carinii-infected ferret, rat, mouse, and human lungs. For both genes, amplification was successful only with P. carinii DNA isolated from the same host species from which the P. carinii gene was originally isolated. The presence of P. carinii DNA in each sample was documented by PCR using primers based on the conserved mitochondrial ribosomal RNA gene sequence. These results were confirmed for P. carinii gpA by Southern blot analysis using a labeled fragment of the ferret P. carinii gpA gene as a probe. Thus, in addition to the previously reported phenotypic variation among antigens of P. carinii, there is also genotypic variation of these same antigens.
Plasma kallikrein mediates brain hemorrhage and edema caused by tissue plasminogen activator therapy in mice after stroke (2017)

Thrombolytic therapy using tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in acute stroke is associated with increased risks of cerebral hemorrhagic transformation and angioedema. Although plasma kallikrein (PKal) has been implicated in contributing to both hematoma expansion and thrombosis in stroke, its role in the complications associated with the therapeutic use of tPA in stroke is not yet available. We investigated the effects of tPA on plasma prekallikrein (PPK) activation and the role of PKal on cerebral outcomes in a murine thrombotic stroke model treated with tPA. We show that tPA increases PKal activity in vitro in both murine and human plasma, via a factor XII (FXII)-dependent mechanism. Intravenous administration of tPA increased circulating PKal activity in mice. In mice with thrombotic occlusion of the middle cerebral artery, tPA administration increased brain hemorrhage transformation, infarct volume, and edema. These adverse effects of tPA were ameliorated in PPK (Klkb1)-deficient and FXII-deficient mice and in wild-type (WT) mice pretreated with a PKal inhibitor prior to tPA. tPA-induced brain hemisphere reperfusion after photothrombolic middle cerebral artery occlusion was increased in Klkb1<sup>-/-</sup> mice compared with WT mice. In addition, PKal inhibition reduced matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity in brain following stroke and tPA therapy. These data demonstrate that tPA activates PPK in plasma and PKal inhibition reduces cerebral complications associated with tPA-mediated thrombolysis in stroke.
18‐4: MicroLED Displays based on Transfer with Microtubes Interconnections (2019)

We have fabricated blue and green microLED display prototypes. The microLEDs have been transferred using microtube technology. The interest of microtube for large area microLED displays has been demonstrated by providing both mechanical and electrical connection. Overall, this technology brings a lot of advantages compared to existing solutions.