gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Precursor ISI Reduction in High-Speed I/O (2007)

To achieve multi-Gb/s data rates over backplane channels, equalization is required to compensate for the non-idealities of the channels. In this paper, we first show that with decision-feedback equalization (DFE) handling postcursor inter-symbol interference (ISI), cancelling precursor ISI with transmitter equalization degrades rather than improves performance for most channels. This is due to the interaction between equalization adaptation and clock-data recovery (CDR), coupled with transmitter peak-power constraint. To minimize the impact of precursor ISI on the bit-error-rate (BER), we propose a new method of adapting CDR phase for maximum voltage margin.
Computational and Experimental Studies on the Mechanism of Formation of Poly(hexahydrotriazine)s and Poly(hemiaminal)s from the Reactions of Amines with Formaldehyde (2014)

Combined experimental and computational studies have been performed on the mechanism of formation of poly(hexahydrotriazine) and hemiaminal dynamic covalent network (PHT and HDCN) thermosetting polymers from the reactions of diamines with formaldehyde (Science 2014, 344, 732-735). Results suggest that these polymers are formed by a mechanism involving the water promoted stepwise addition of amines with formaldehyde in preference to dimerization or cyclotrimerization of imine intermediates or self-catalysis by the amine reagents. The predicted mechanism also explains experimentally observed electronic effects for hexahydrotriazine formation.
Elements of Power Electronics (2025)

Initially, high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission and thyristor-based reactive compensation, which form part of the flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) family of equipment, are presented. New developments in switches, such as insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), and converters, like voltage source converters (VSCs), have expanded the functions of these devices, thereby broadening the possibilities for application in power transmission. Basic models of static compensators (STATCOM) and static synchromous series compensator (SSSC) are used to introduce the steady-state model of the unified power flow controller (UPFC). To familiarize the student with VSC converters, space-vector control is discussed, focusing on the transformation of variables (a,b,c/dq0) and the synchronization function phase-locked loop. Recent advancements in modular multilevel converter technology have enabled a wide range of applications in HVDC, FACTS, and inverter-based generators (IBGs). Theaveraged switch models, which are essential for large-scale representations of IBGs are also presented.
On the locking range of hybridly mode-locked semiconductor lasers (1996)

We theoretically investigate the locking range of hybridly mode-locked semiconductor lasers with a DBR section as a reflector. The DBR coupling constant and length are crucial in determining the locking range. At constant pulse width, the tuning range of the repetition frequency can be increased by a factor of 3 by using a strongly coupled, long DBR rather than a short and weakly coupled DBR. For a 30 GHz cavity and a pulse width of 5 ps, a locking range of 2.5% is predicted after optimization. We explain the increase in the locking range as a consequence of the dispersion inherent to a DBR. In addition, the pulses are found to be asymmetric, depending on the DBR parameters.
FLAME BEHAVIOR OF BIFURCATED JETS IN A V-SHAPED BLUFF-BODY BURNER (2014)

A plane fuel jet bifurcated into two streams of jets by a V-shaped bluff-body burner with co-flowing air streams was studied. The flame behavior, length, and temperature distributions of the bifurcated jets were experimentally examined. Flame behavior was characterized by flame visualization and instantaneous photograph. The flame length characteristics was obtained by using the long-exposure flame images. The temperatures distributions were measured by using a finewire thermocouple. Three characteristic flame modes were revealed-＂attached flame, transitional flame,＂ and ＂lifted flame＂. The flame length and width of the bifurcated jets increase with the increase of the Re_c in fixed Re_a. The length of the bifurcated flame was significantly shorter than that of the plane jet flame. The reduction was induced by the enhancement in the mixing and entrainment effects of the bifurcated flame. The maximum temperature of the bifurcated-jets flame decreases with the increase of the Re_c. The bifurcated jets enhanced the mixing of the fuel and the air and improved the combustion efficiency. The flame behavior and combustion characteristics of the bifurcated jets changed drastically due to the effects of entrainment and recirculation.
The consequences of expressing hsp70 in Drosophila cells at normal temperatures. (1992)

In Drosophila cells, regulatory mechanisms not only act to provide rapid induction of hsp70 during heat shock but also to prevent expression at normal temperatures. To determine whether expression of hsp70 is detrimental to cells growing at normal temperatures, we used heterologous promoters to force expression of the protein in tissue culture cells and in larval salivary glands. Initially, constitutive expression of hsp70 substantially reduces the rate of cell growth. With continued expression, however, growth rates recover. At the same time, the intracellular distribution of hsp70 changes. Immediately after induction, the protein is diffusely distributed throughout the cell, but as growth resumes it coalesces into discrete points of high concentration, which we term hsp70 granules. hsp70 granules are also observed both in wild-type Drosophila tissue culture cells and in salivary glands after extended periods of recovery from heat shock. The protein in these granules appears to be irreversibly inactivated. It cannot be dispersed with a second heat shock, and cells containing these granules do not show thermotolerance. Only partial overlap between hsp70 granules and lysosomes indicates that the granules form independently of lysosomes. We conclude that expression of hsp70 is detrimental to growth at normal temperatures. We suggest that the change in hsp70 distribution, from diffuse to granular, represents a mechanism for controlling the protein's activity by sequestration.
Association of DNA promoter hypermethylation of decoy receptor 1 (DCR1) with poor response to irinotecan in metastatic colorectal cancer. (2013)

3552 Background: Heterogeneity in the biology of colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with variable responses to standard chemotherapy. We aimed to identify DNA hypermethylated genes as predictive biomarkers for irinotecan treatment of patients with metastatic CRC. Methods: The presence of DNA methylation for a selected panel of 22 genes was assessed by methylation specific PCR (MSP) on primary tumors of 185 patients with metastatic CRC treated with first-line capecitabine (CAP, n=90) or a combination of capecitabine and irinotecan (CAPIRI, n=95) in the phase 3 CAIRO trial. Methylation status of each gene was correlated to progression free survival (PFS) by treatment regimen. Genes for which methylation status associated with response to irinotecan, were validated in 166 patients treated with first-line CAP (n=78) or CAPIRI (n=88). Results: Decoy Receptor 1 (DCR1) was identified as a novel hypermethylated gene in CRC. In CAPIRI treated patients, DCR1 methylation was correlated to a shorter PFS compared to patients with unmethylated DCR1 (hazard ratio [HR]=0.4 (95%CI =0.3-0.7), p = 0.0009). In patients with methylated DCR1 PFS did not improve with CAPIRI treatment, compared to treatment with CAP (discovery set: HR=0.8 (95%CI=0.5-1.3, p=0.4); validation set: HR=1.1 (95%CI 0.7-1.7, p=0.6)), in contrast to patients with unmethylated DCR1 (discovery set: HR=2.5 (95%CI 1.7-3.3, p=0.00004); validation set: HR=1.7 (95%CI 1.1-2.0, p=0.004)). Conclusions: CRC patients with methylated DCR1 did not benefit from adding irinotecan to capecitabine therapy, indicating that DCR1 methylation status may guide selecting metastatic CRC patients for irinotecan-based therapy.
A Case for Backward Compatibility for Human-AI Teams (2019)

AI systems are being deployed to support human decision making in high-stakes domains. In many cases, the human and AI form a team, in which the human makes decisions after reviewing the AI's inferences. A successful partnership requires that the human develops insights into the performance of the AI system, including its failures. We study the influence of updates to an AI system in this setting. While updates can increase the AI's predictive performance, they may also lead to changes that are at odds with the user's prior experiences and confidence in the AI's inferences, hurting therefore the overall team performance. We introduce the notion of the compatibility of an AI update with prior user experience and present methods for studying the role of compatibility in human-AI teams. Empirical results on three high-stakes domains show that current machine learning algorithms do not produce compatible updates. We propose a re-training objective to improve the compatibility of an update by penalizing new errors. The objective offers full leverage of the performance/compatibility tradeoff, enabling more compatible yet accurate updates.
ChemInform Abstract: GENERATION AND CAPTURE OF COMMON INTERMEDIATES FROM PROTO‐PLANAR AND PROTO‐BISECTED TRIMETHYLENEMETHANE PRECURSORS. THERMAL REARRANGEMENT OF A METHYLENEPYRAZOLINE (1978)

Abstract Auf der Suche nach einer Möglichkeit, Triplett‐ und Singulett‐Trimethylenmethan getrennt zu erzeugen, wird die Pyrolyse der Pyrazoline (I) und (II) untersucht.
Performance evaluation of input devices in trajectory-based tasks (1999)

Choosing input devices for interactive systems that best suit users needs remains a challenge, especially consid- ering the increasing number of devices available. The choice often has to be made through empirical evalua- tions. The most frequently used evaluation task hitherto is target acquisition, a task that can be accurately modeled by Fitts law. However, todays use of computer input devices has gone beyond target acquisition alone. In particular, we often need to perform trajectory-based tasks, such as drawing, writing, and navigation. This paper illustrates how a recently discovered model, the steering law, can be applied as an evaluation paradigm complementary to Fitts law. We tested five commonly used computer input devices in two steering tasks, one linear and one circular. Results showed that subjects performance with the five devices could be generally classified into three groups in the following order: 1. the tablet and the mouse, 2. the trackpoint, 3. the touch- pad and the trackball. The steering law proved to hold for all five devices with greater than 0.98 correlation. The ability to generalize the experimental results and the limitations of the steering law are also discussed.
Mining and validating grape (Vitis L.) ESTs to develop EST-SSR markers for genotyping and mapping (2010)

Grape expressed sequence tags (ESTs) are a new resource for developing simple sequence repeat (SSR) functional markers for genotyping and genetic mapping. An integrated pipeline including several computational tools for SSR identification and functional annotation was developed to identify 6,447 EST-SSR sequences from a total collection of 215,609 grape ESTs retrieved from NCBI. The 6,447 EST-SSRs were further reduced to 1,701 non-redundant sequences via clustering analysis, and 1,037 of them were successfully designed with primer pairs flanking the SSR motifs. From them, 150 pairs of primers were randomly selected for PCR amplification, polymorphism and heterozygosity analysis in V. vinifera cvs. Riesling and Cabernet Sauvignon, and V. rotundifolia (muscadine grape) cvs. Summit and Noble, and 145 pairs of these primers yielded PCR products. Pairwise comparisons of loci between the parents Riesling and Cabernet Sauvignon showed that 72 were homozygous in both cultivars, while 70 loci were heterozygous in at least one cultivar of the two. Muscadine parents Noble and Summit had 90 homozygous SSR loci in both parents and contained 50 heterozygous loci in at least one of the two. These EST-SSR functional markers are a useful addition for grape genotyping and genome mapping. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11032-010-9477-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
A Hybrid Prior Model for Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Tomography (2018)

Model based methods have gained popularity in the past few decades in reconstruction problems particularly when the measurement data is sparse. In model based inference, apart from a model for the measurements, there exists a model for the unknown signal to be reconstructed, called the prior model. Model based methods tend to do very well when the prior model is accurate and representative of real world behavior of the unknown signal. Often these priors are trained from some training data, and therefore, the accuracy of the reconstructions depends inherently on the accuracy of the training data. The reconstructions can come out to be highly biased if the training data is not representative of the actual signal. In this paper, we propose a new hybrid prior model that combines a Markov Random Field model with a Gaussian model trained from a sparse training set. We combine the models using a mixing coefficient Υ E [0, 1], that controls the influence of each of the models. Our main contribution is in the way we combine the two models to produce a whole continuum of prior models for different values of Y where Y can be tuned according to how trustworthy the training set is. Reconstruction results show that our hybrid prior models produces high quality reconstructions even when the training data is not representative.
Area-Selective Electroless Deposition of Cu for Hybrid Bonding (2021)

This paper describes the use of area-selective electroless Cu deposition for topography control of Cu-SiCN hybrid bonding pads. The electroless deposition of Cu allows one to obtain protrusions on hybrid bonding Cu pads without further polishing optimization. A recessed Cu pad after chemical mechanical polishing becomes a protrusion after electroless deposition. This indicates that the electroless Cu film was selectively deposited on Cu, without deposition on the SiCN surface. A void-free Cu-Cu bonding interface was observed after annealing at 350 °C with an electroless Cu layer at the interface. 100% electrical connection was obtained at 1.4-μm pitch where the deposition thickness was on target.
ChemInform Abstract: Uranyl Ion as a Probe of the Conduction Plane of β“ Alumina. (1988)

Abstract It is shown that sodium β" alumina is able to incorporate the uranyl ion by ion exchange (immersion of a sodium β" alumina crystal in a sodium nitrate melt containing up to 2% uranyl nitrate, 2‐8 h, 350 °C).
Complete Stereochemistry of Tetrafibricin. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Supplementary Table 2 from Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Hyperactivation Results in Lapatinib Resistance that Is Reversed by the mTOR/Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Inhibitor NVP-BEZ235 (2023)

Supplementary Table 2 from Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Hyperactivation Results in Lapatinib Resistance that Is Reversed by the mTOR/Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Inhibitor NVP-BEZ235
Assessing outcomes of enhanced chronic disease care through patient education and a value-based formulary study (ACCESS)—study protocol for a 2×2 factorial randomized trial (2015)

Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02579655 . Registered Oct 15, 2015.
How isolated are molecules in a molecular beam? (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHow isolated are molecules in a molecular beam?David M. Lubman, Charles T. Rettner, and Richard N. ZareCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1982, 86, 7, 1129–1135Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100396a017https://doi.org/10.1021/j100396a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views970Altmetric-Citations126LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
On the role of inertial effects and dipole-dipole coupling in the theory of the Debye and far-infrared absorption of polar fluids III. The cosine potential itinerant oscillator model (1989)

Abstract The polarizability and dynamic mobility for the itinerant oscillator model are calculated when the restriction to small oscillations is removed so that effects due to the cosine potential may be evaluated. The calculation is effected by expressing the Fokker-Planck equation for equal frictions per unit inertia in terms of sum and difference angular variables. The sum angle, Χ, yields the Fokker-Planck equation for a free rotator, the correlation functions of which are available in closed form. The difference angle, η, yields the Fokker-Planck equation for a rotator in a cosine potential. This equation is solved by the method of separation of the variables. The resulting set of differential-difference equations for the time responses is solved by using Reid’s numerical algorithm. The complex polarizability is then evaluated from the numerical results by assuming that the moment of inertia of the dipole is very much less than that of the cage in accordance with the basic concept of the model. Unlike the complex polarizability, the dynamic mobility may be evaluated from the numerical results without any assumption about the inertia ratios. The polarizabilities computed for the cosine potential are compared with the small oscillation polarizabilities for the same parameter values. It is found that the cosine potential gives rise to (i) substantial absorption at frequencies between the microwave and far-infrared (fir), bands (ii) an increase in the frequency of the maximum microwave absorption (iii) a decrease in the frequency of the maximum fir absorption (iv) a much more rapid fall-off of the fir absorption. If the barrier height parameter becomes large, the intermediate frequency absorption disappears and the effect of the cosine potential manifests itself as a shoulder on the fir absorption. An approximate formula for the polarizability in terms of the Fourier transform of the angular velocity correlation function is shown to be satisfactory for small oscillations only. The theoretical results are in qualitative agreement with experimental observations on methyl chloride.
Integrins and prostate cancer metastases (2006)

Integrins have emerged as modulators of a variety of cellular functions. They have been implicated in cell migration, survival, normal and aberrant cellular growth, differentiation, gene expression, and modulation of intracellular signal transduction pathways.In this review article, the structural and functional characteristics of integrins, their expression and their potential role in prostate cancer metastases will be discussed.
Relative gain array of weakly nonlinear systems using a nonparametric identification approach (2015)

This article presents a procedure to estimate the relative gain array (RGA) matrix for weakly nonlinear systems by means of nonparametric identification of the frequency response matrix (FRM). Specifically, the best linear approximation of nonlinear systems and the covariance of the nonlinear distortions are used in the relative gain array estimation. For the estimation neither process model nor model structure need to be known which is an advantage over methods that require accurate knowledge of a parametric process model. The proposed approach is compared with the original RGA and a nonlinear RGA calculation using the well-known quadruple tank process as a case.
Effects of TPA on short-circuit current across frog skin (1987)

TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) is an effective tumor promoter that affects a variety of ion transport processes. To examine the relationship between effects on transport and growth and differentiation, we have been studying the actions of TPA on frog skin, a particularly well-characterized epithelium. We have reported that high concentrations of TPA stimulate base-line short-circuit current (ISC) and inhibit the subsequent natriferic action of vasopressin. The current study of 89 preparations extends those findings. The Km of the stimulatory effect of TPA is approximately 3 nM; this high affinity indicates that the transport phenomenon does not simply reflect a nonspecific interaction of phorbol ester with the plasma membranes. TPA acts largely or entirely at the mucosal surface of both split and whole skins; thus the sidedness of the effect does not arise from adsorption onto the underlying connective tissue when TPA is applied to the serosal surface of whole skin. Amiloride, an inhibitor of apical Na+ entry, abolishes ISC across frog skins pretreated with TPA. The phorbol ester also increases ISC across split skins, preparations which do not produce net Cl-transport. Indomethacin (1 microM) blocks PGE1 release, but does not alter the response to TPA at a fivefold lower concentration than previously used. NDGA (nordihydroguaretic acid, 10 microM), an inhibitor of the lipoxygenase pathway, partially inhibited the responses of ISC to 8 nM TPA. The present results indicate that frog skin is highly responsive to TPA at concentrations known to activate protein kinase C in broken-cell preparations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Friedel-Crafts-type reactions involving di- and tricationic species. Onium-allyl dications and O,O-diprotonated aci-nitro species bearing a protonated carbonyl group (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFriedel-Crafts-type reactions involving di- and tricationic species. Onium-allyl dications and O,O-diprotonated aci-nitro species bearing a protonated carbonyl groupTomohiko Ohwada, Naoko Yamagata, and Koichi ShudoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 4, 1364–1373Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00004a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00004a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1118Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts