gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Imaging Regions of Transport Across Human Stratum Corneum during High-Voltage and Low-Voltage Exposures (1996)

Scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy was used to image localized regions of calcein transport across human stratum corneum during constant low-voltage (iontophoresis) and pulsed high-voltage exposures. Following an electrical protocol, imaging revealed regions of fluorescence which were interpreted as sites where transport of a fluorescent probe (calcein) into the stratum corneum had taken place. Electrically-assisted transport of calcein, whether enhanced by iontophoresis or high-voltage pulsing, appears to occur through intercellular and, to some extent, transcellular pathways into localized regions of stratum corneum that are not associated with appendages. Uniquely associated with the highest voltage pulses used (300 V across the skin) was the appearance of small, brightly fluorescent areas containing nonfluorescent interiors, i.e., fluorescent "rings". We present evidence which suggests that the dark interiors represent sites through which transport occurred during pulsing, but where calcein was no longer present at the time of imaging. Transport of charged microspheres into the stratum corneum was also observed.
Abstract 1293: JQ1 sensitivity of patient-derived xenograft models of cholangiocarcinoma (2016)

Abstract Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a lethal malignancy arising from cholangiocytes in any part of the biliary tree. The incidence of CCA has been on the rise worldwide, and the prognosis and clinical outcome have remained essentially unchanged for 30 years. The majority of patients are diagnosed at late stage, and surgery continues to be the only cure. Patients receive systemic chemotherapy with the first-line combination therapy comprising gemcitabine and cisplatin. Median survival for these patients is &amp;lt;12 months, emphasizing the need to improve current treatment. A step toward improving outcome is the pre-clinical evaluation of novel therapeutics. Recently the bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) inhibitor JQ1 has been shown to suppress tumor growth in preclinical models of multiple tumor types. The therapeutic effect of JQ1 has been attributed, at least in part, to its ability to inhibit c-Myc expression. 95% of CCA tumors express c-Myc and its down-regulation has been shown to reduce the invasive potential of CCA cells, suggesting that c-Myc contributes to CCA phenotype. Our lab recently evaluated the efficacy of the BET inhibitor JQ1 in CCA patient-derived xenograft mouse models. JQ1 suppressed CCA tumor growth in 2 of the 3 models. To determine gene products whose upregulation or downregulation is responsible for the differences in sensitivity to JQ1 among our CCA models, we generated expression profiles of tumors from vehicle control and JQ1 treated mice using NanoString technology (nCounter PanCancer Pathways panel). Our data demonstrate that JQ1 inhibited the expression of c-Myc to a greater extent in the sensitive models than in the insensitive model. Expression array data showed further that gene products involved in cell cycle and DNA repair pathways were also decreased by JQ1. Of particular interest were two transcriptional targets of c-Myc, Chk1 and BRCA2, each of which is involved in DNA damage response. Immunohistochemistry staining confirmed expression profile analyses. We conclude that the inhibition of cell cycle and DNA repair genes may contribute to the mechanism of action of JQ1 in CCA tumors. Citation Format: Aubrey L. Miller, Patrick L. Garcia, Tracy L. Gamblin, Leona N. Council, Xiangqin Cui, James E. Bradner, Eddy S. Yang, Karina J. Yoon. JQ1 sensitivity of patient-derived xenograft models of cholangiocarcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1293.
A Roadmap for Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) Specification Documents (2006)

This document contains a "roadmap" to the Requests for Comments (RFC) documents relating to the Internet's Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). This roadmap provides a brief summary of the documents defining TCP and various TCP extensions that have accumulated in the RFC series. This serves as a guide and quick reference for both TCP implementers and other parties who desire information contained in the TCP-related RFCs.
Newborn Cystic Fibrosis Pigs Have a Blunted Early Response to an Inflammatory Stimulus (2016)

Transcriptome profiling suggests that acute inflammatory responses are dysregulated in the airways of newborn CF pigs.
Event-triggered output-feedback H<inf>∞</inf> control with minimum directed information (2017)

In this paper, the H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</sub> control problem with minimum information exchange between a plant and a remote controller is considered. For transmission of the measured outputs, an event-triggering mechanism is proposed. We measure the transferred information satisfying the causality condition by the directed information, and measure the H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</sub> control performance by the L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> -gain. We achieve the minimum directed information required for a guaranteed level of control performance. In particular, corresponding to the worst case disturbances, we develop a filter with a recursive variable, and show that the optimal control policy is a linear function of this recursive variable. Finally, we define the value of information, and determine the structure of the optimal sampling policy based on the value of information.
Accurate Location of Catheter Tip With the Free-to-Total Metanephrine Ratio During Adrenal Vein Sampling (2022)

This study is the first to calculate the SIs of cortisol, free metanephrine, and the FTMR indices for the AVS procedure. It confirms that free metanephrine-based SIs are better than those based on cortisol.
Design and Synthesis of Chiral Oxathiozinone Scaffolds: Efficient Synthesis of Hindered Enantiopure Sulfinamides and Sulfinyl Ketimines (2013)

Ist das S-O? Die im Titel bezeichneten Molekülgerüste verfügen über eine hoch aktive und ausreichend differenzierte S-O-Bindung für die effiziente Synthese enantiomerenreiner Sulfinamide. Die beschriebene Methode ist praktisch und umweltverträglich und könnte als Grundlage für ein ökonomisches kommerzielles Verfahren zur Herstellung sperriger Sulfinamide dienen.
Dissecting the regulation of bile-induced biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus (2016)

Aspiration of bile into the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung has emerged as a prognostic factor for reduced microbial lung biodiversity and the establishment of often fatal, chronic pathogen infections. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the earliest pathogens detected in the lungs of children with CF, and once established as a chronic infection, strategies for its eradication become limited. Several lung pathogens are stimulated to produce biofilms in vitro in the presence of bile. In this study, we further investigated the effects of bile on S. aureus biofilm formation. Most clinical S. aureus strains and the laboratory strain RN4220 were stimulated to form biofilms with sub-inhibitory concentrations of bovine bile. Additionally, we observed bile-induced sensitivity to aminoglycosides, which we exploited in a bursa aurealis transposon screen to isolate mutants reduced in aminoglycoside sensitivity and augmented in bile-induced biofilm formation. We identified five mutants that exhibited hypersensitivity to bile with respect to bile-induced biofilm formation, three of which carried transposon insertions within gene clusters involved in wall teichoic acid (WTA) biosynthesis or transport. Strain TM4 carried an insertion between the divergently oriented tagH and tagG genes, which encode the putative WTA membrane translocation apparatus. Ectopic expression of tagG in TM4 restored a wild-type bile-induced biofilm response, suggesting that reduced translocation of WTA in TM4 induced sensitivity to bile and enhanced the bile-induced biofilm formation response. We propose that WTA may be important for protecting S. aureus against exposure to bile and that bile-induced biofilm formation may be an evolved response to protect cells from bile-induced cell lysis.
A new type of the matching structure of a H-plane T-junction for a high power system (2010)

This paper presents a H-plane T-junction which is designed for the feed networks of waveguide antenna array. The purpose of the T-junction is to divide power and phase equally without any reflection. To do so, we usually add an iris or a post in the junction area so that this iris or post behaves as an inductor and makes each port of the tee-junction matched [l]-[4]. By changing its shape and the location, it can divide power equally without reflection. The rectangular waveguide have advantages of low loss and high power capacity over planar waveguides such as microstrip and coplanar waveguides. Thus, these advantages are suitable for delivering high power. However, the breakdown is still critical in high power system. Therefore, it is important to suppress a peak electric field which can be typically observed around discontinuity. In this paper, we compare which type of matching structure is suitable for the matching and peak electric field for high power system and suggest that a new type of the matching structure which is suitable for the high power system.
Classifying CMB time-ordered data through deep neural networks (2020)

ABSTRACT The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) has been measured over a wide range of multipoles. Experiments with arcminute resolution like the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) have contributed to the measurement of primary and secondary anisotropies, leading to remarkable scientific discoveries. Such findings require careful data selection in order to remove poorly behaved detectors and unwanted contaminants. The current data classification methodology used by ACT relies on several statistical parameters that are assessed and fine-tuned by an expert. This method is highly time-consuming and band or season-specific, which makes it less scalable and efficient for future CMB experiments. In this work, we propose a supervised machine learning model to classify detectors of CMB experiments. The model corresponds to a deep convolutional neural network. We tested our method on real ACT data, using the 2008 season, 148 GHz, as training set with labels provided by the ACT data selection software. The model learns to classify time-streams starting directly from the raw data. For the season and frequency considered during the training, we find that our classifier reaches a precision of 99.8 per cent. For 220 and 280 GHz data, season 2008, we obtained 99.4 per cent and 97.5 per cent of precision, respectively. Finally, we performed a cross-season test over 148 GHz data from 2009 and 2010 for which our model reaches a precision of 99.8 per cent and 99.5 per cent, respectively. Our model is about 10x faster than the current pipeline, making it potentially suitable for real-time implementations.
Control of solutal Marangoni-driven vortical flows and enhancement of mixing efficiency (2019)

We show that in addition to the surface tension of the volatile liquid, the vapor concentration also influenced the local surface tension along the interface, which in turn changed the internal flow velocity. To predict the flow velocity and oscillatory frequency of the solutal Marangoni flow, we developed a theoretical model based on scaling analysis that showed a good agreement with the experimental results. We believe that the current study will motivate low-cost and portable sample flow control and mixing systems in the near future.
A gain-of-function RAC2 mutation is associated with bone-marrow hypoplasia and an autosomal dominant form of severe combined immunodeficiency (2020)

Severe combined immunodeficiencies (SCIDs) constitute a heterogeneous group of life-threatening genetic disorders that typically present in the first year of life. They are defined by the absence of autologous T cells and the presence of an intrinsic or extrinsic defect in the B-cell compartment. In three newborns presenting with frequent infections and profound leukopenia, we identified a private, heterozygous mutation in the RAC2 gene (p.G12R). This mutation was de novo in the index case, who had been cured by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation but had transmitted the mutation to her sick daughter. Biochemical assays showed that the mutation was associated with a gain of function. The results of in vitro differentiation assays showed that RAC2 is essential for the survival and differentiation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Therefore, screening for RAC2 gain-of-function mutations should be considered in patients with a SCID phenotype and who lack a molecular diagnosis.
A unified model for reconstruction and R 2 * mapping of accelerated 7T data using the quantitative recurrent inference machine (2022)

Quantitative MRI (qMRI) acquired at the ultra-high field of 7 Tesla has been used in visualizing and analyzing subcortical structures. qMRI relies on the acquisition of multiple images with different scan settings, leading to extended scanning times. Data redundancy and prior information from the relaxometry model can be exploited by deep learning to accelerate the imaging process. We propose the quantitative Recurrent Inference Machine (qRIM), with a unified forward model for joint reconstruction and R2*-mapping from sparse data, embedded in a Recurrent Inference Machine (RIM), an iterative inverse problem-solving network. To study the dependency of the proposed extension of the unified forward model to network architecture, we implemented and compared a quantitative End-to-End Variational Network (qE2EVN). Experiments were performed with high-resolution multi-echo gradient echo data of the brain at 7T of a cohort study covering the entire adult life span. The error in reconstructed R2* from undersampled data relative to reference data significantly decreased for the unified model compared to sequential image reconstruction and parameter fitting using the RIM. With increasing acceleration factor, an increasing reduction in the reconstruction error was observed, pointing to a larger benefit for sparser data. Qualitatively, this was following an observed reduction of image blurriness in R2*-maps. In contrast, when using the U-Net as network architecture, a negative bias in R2* in selected regions of interest was observed. Compressed Sensing rendered accurate, but less precise estimates of R2*. The qE2EVN showed slightly inferior reconstruction quality compared to the qRIM but better quality than the U-Net and Compressed Sensing. Subcortical maturation over age measured by a linearly increasing interquartile range of R2* in the striatum was preserved up to an acceleration factor of 9. With the integrated prior of the unified forward model, the proposed qRIM can exploit the redundancy among repeated measurements and shared information between tasks, facilitating relaxometry in accelerated MRI.
Influence of Shear on the Alignment of a Lamellae-Forming Pentablock Copolymer (2001)

We characterize shear-induced states of order and disorder in a symmetric lamellae forming poly(cyclohexylethylene) (C)−polyethylene (E) CECEC pentablock copolymer. When subjected to a large amplitude reciprocating shear strain (γ = ±600%) in the ordered lamellae state, the sample rapidly aligns in a perpendicular orientation with long-range order. The order−disorder transition temperature TODT(γ̇) decreases with increasing shear rate γ̇, such that a shear rate of γ̇ = 7 ± 1 s-1 is sufficient to disorder the material nearly 30 °C below the quiescent TODT. Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) from the sheared disordered state displays a symmetry that suggests a fundamentally different influence of shear compared to earlier observations of shear-induced anisotropy in the disordered states of lamellae forming diblock and triblock copolymers. Abrupt cessation of shear leads to spontaneous lamellar ordering into a macroscopically well-aligned transverse orientation—an arrangement that previously has been inaccessible via processing. In contrast to this behavior, the perpendicular alignment forms when cooling the sample from above the TODT while applying low shear rates, similar to the response of di- and triblock copolymers. These findings shed fresh insight into the complex phenomena that govern flow- and deformation-induced alignment of block copolymer melts.
Effect of a Targeted Education Intervention on the Incidence of Waste Burning Injuries in a Military Population (2006)

Historically, many military burns have been unrelated to direct enemy action. Burning is an effective and sanitary method of waste disposal in austere environments but due to the limitations of field exercises, soldiers do not have realistic predeployment training in safe methods of waste burning. In the early stages of current military operations military burn center personnel noted a high number of casualties injured while burning human waste. In response, providers developed an education program and deployed it through the medical chain of command. The education program consisted of memoranda distributed to the theater of operations in March 2004, outlining the potential dangers of thermal waste disposal and suggesting improved safety procedures. A review of burn center records from March 2003 to March 2005 was performed. Demographics, injury data, and outcomes were recorded and compared between those casualties injured prior to and following the education initiative. During the study period 24 patients were injured while burning waste, representing 10% of evacuated burn casualties. Prior to the education initiative, from March 2003 to March 2004, 20 patients were admitted with such injuries. This rate of admission of 1.67 per month was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the rate of 0.33 per month (4 patients) the year following the initiative. Total body surface area burned was not different between the two time periods (9.8 ± 8% before intervention vs. 6.3 ± 7% after, p = 0.43). There were no deaths resulting from waste-burning injuries in either time period and only one patient had an associated nonburn injury (unilateral tympanic membrane rupture). Outcomes were good, with 54% of patients returned to military duty and only 13% discharged from military service. The rest are pending decisions regarding their military status.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Active repression of antiapoptotic gene expression by RelA(p65) NF-kappa B. (2004)

With the emerging role of NF-kappa B in cancer it is important that its responses to stimuli relevant to tumor progression and therapy are understood. Here, we demonstrate that NF-kappa B induced by cytotoxic stimuli, such as ultraviolet light (UV-C) and the chemotherapeutic drugs daunorubicin/doxorubicin, is functionally distinct to that seen with the inflammatory cytokine TNF and is an active repressor of antiapoptotic gene expression. Surprisingly, these effects are mediated by the RelA(p65) NF-kappa B subunit. Furthermore, UV-C and daunorubicin inhibit TNF-induced NF-kappa B transactivation, indicating that this is a dominant effect. Consistent with this, mechanistic studies reveal that UV-C and daunorubicin induce the association of RelA with histone deacetylases. RelA can therefore be both an activator and repressor of its target genes, dependent upon the manner in which it is induced. This has important implications for the role of NF-kappa B in tumorigenesis and the use of NF-kappa B inhibitors in cancer therapy. PMID: 15053878
Supplementary Video S2 from Near-Infrared Dye-Labeled Anti-Prostate Stem Cell Antigen Minibody Enables Real-Time Fluorescence Imaging and Targeted Surgery in Translational Mouse Models (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Resection surgery of lymph node metastasis of PC3-PSCA-fluc tumor with fluorescence navigation by A11 Mb-IRDye800CW&lt;/p&gt;
Development Oral Available Melanotropins Based on the Cyclic Peptide Framework of Sunflower Trypsin Inhibitor-1 (2015)

Minying Cai, David Craik, Horst Kessler, and Victor J. Hruby Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA; Queensland Tropical Health Alliance, School of Pharmacy and Molecular Sciences and Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4870, Australia;Center of Integrated Protein Science Institute for Advanced Study at the Technische Universitat Munchen, Lichtenbergster, 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
Predicting Finger-Touch Accuracy Based on the Dual Gaussian Distribution Model (2016)

Accurately predicting the accuracy of finger-touch target acquisition is crucial for designing touchscreen UI and for modeling complex and higher level touch interaction behaviors. Despite its importance, there has been little theoretical work on creating such models. Building on the Dual Gaussian Distribution Model[3], we derived an accuracy model that predicts the success rate of target acquisition based on the target size. We evaluated the model by comparing the predicted success rates with empirical measures for three types of targets including 1-dimensional vertical and horizontal, and 2-dimensional circular targets. The predictions matched the empirical data very well: the differences between predicted and observed success rates were under 5% for 4.8 mm and 7.2 mm targets, and under 10% for 2.4 mm targets. The evaluation results suggest that our simple model can reliably predict touch accuracy.
Preparation, structure, and coordination chemistry of molybdenum(IV) tetrathiolates, Mo[S-2,4,6-C6H2(CHMe2)3]4 (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation, structure, and coordination chemistry of molybdenum(IV) tetrathiolates, Mo[S-2,4,6-C6H2(CHMe2)3]4Eckehart Roland, Eric C. Walborsky, John C. Dewan, and Richard R. SchrockCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 20, 5795–5797Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1985https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00306a033RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views179Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (442 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts