gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cocaine vs morphine: Differential inhibitory effects of natural killer cell activity in mice (1990)

The ability of cocaine and morphine to influence Natural Killer (NK) cell activity in mice was examined. A dose-related inhibition in cytolytic activity was found when BALB/c mice were treated with the drugs. On the other hand, an acute intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of cocaine (2 mg/kg) induces a very rapid (24 h) inhibition of natural cytotoxicity, with a return to normal within 72 h after treatment. By contrast, a single i.p. dose of morphine (5 mg/kg) showed a more protracted immunologic consequence (within 96 h) and a more delayed recovery (over 120 h) after suspension of the treatment. These results show that, in a dose-related manner and a different drug related reversibility, cocaine and morphine cause an inhibition on cellular cytotoxic response.
Abstract 52: Next-Gen deep amplicon sequencing of TP53 complements FGFR3 for the detection of bladder cancer-related mutations. (2013)

Abstract Background: We have recently described an ultra-deep amplicon sequencing method for detection of FGFR3 mutations in urine that closely matches the frequency of mutations found in bladder cancer tissue. While FGFR3 mutations are present in a large fraction of non-invasive tumors, these mutations are rarely detected in invasive bladder tumors. To complement our existing FGFR3 deep sequencing assay, we have developed a sequencing assay for TP53. Mutations in TP53 are commonly found in advanced bladder cancer, and show little overlap with FGFR3 mutations. Here, we demonstrate the detection of FGFR3 and TP53 mutations in bladder cancer tissue using a Next-Gen sequencing platform. Methods: The FGFR3 sequencing assay was performed as described previously, permitting the detection of 9 mutations associated with bladder cancer. Similarly, amplicons were designed against TP53 exons 5-8, permitting the detection of 133 TP53 mutations previously reported in bladder cancer. Primary amplification was performed on DNA isolated from FFPE or fresh frozen tissue. The resulting PCR products were used as template for emulsion PCR and sequenced using the Ion Torrent PGM. Samples were analyzed for total DNA reads and number of mutant sequencing reads to determine percent mutation. Results: A set of 57 bladder cancer tissue samples, comprised of 38 non-muscle invasive (NMIBC) and 19 muscle invasive (MIBC) tumors, was analyzed for mutations in both FGFR3 and TP53. Of these samples, 18 out of 38 (47.4%) NMIBC tumors were positive for FGFR3 mutations, and 2 of 38 (5.3%) were positive for TP53 mutations. 9 out of 19 (47.4%) MIBC tumors were positive for TP53 mutations, with an additional 2/19 (10.9%) positive for FGFR3 mutations. Across all tumor stages tested, 35.1% (20/57) of samples were positive for FGFR3 mutations, and 19.3% (11/57) were positive for TP53 mutations. No overlap was seen between samples positive for FGFR3 or TP53 mutations. In addition, we have now shown that these assays can detect both FGFR3 and TP53 mutations in the urine of bladder cancer patients. These studies will be expanded to a large set of urine samples to more accurately assess clinical performance of this FGFR3/TP53 deep sequencing assay in bodily fluids. Conclusions: We have developed FGFR3 and TP53 sequencing assays that can detect mutations in a broad range of bladder cancer stages. The complementarity of mutations found in these two genes may allow for the non-invasive detection of bladder cancer in a larger fraction of undiagnosed patients. Citation Format: John M. Millholland, Maria C. Campo, Lydia D. Anderson, Cecilia A. Fernandez, Anthony P. Shuber. Next-Gen deep amplicon sequencing of TP53 complements FGFR3 for the detection of bladder cancer-related mutations. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 52. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-52
(Invited) Cryogenic Electronics for Quantum Computing ICs: What Can Bring FDSOI (2023)

We present an overview of the performances of FDSOI CMOS transistors down to deep cryogenic temperature, highlighting in particular the benefits brought by the back bias. FDSOI transistors are operational from room temperature down to temperature as low as 100mK. The main DC electrical characteristics, as well as variability properties and reliability are measured and analyzed. We also point out specific behaviors appearing at cryogenic temperature, and discuss their physical origin and modeling.
Land Lost from Production Under and Around Electrical Transmission Line Structures (1980)

ABSTRACT AN evaluation of land lost from production under and around electrical transmission structures, using low-altitude photography, is reported. Results from a total of 2803 structures from 17 line segments in the Upper Midwest are included in a data base. Data from each structure include the area lost from production and per-tinent variables about the structure and its location. Wide variation exists in land lost from production within any line segment. The area lost from production increases for H/K Frame structures as the size of the structure increases. For Lattice structures land lost is relatively constant for structures with base dimensions greater than 9 m. Machinery size variation between geographic areas results in significant differences in the proportion of towers farmed through.
Polarization modulated background-free hyperspectral stimulated Raman scattering microscopy(Conference Presentation) (2016)

Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) microscopy is a nonlinear microscopy technique based on Raman vibrational resonances determined by the frequency difference between Pump and Stokes laser pulses. Modulation of one laser beam transfers the modulation to the other, as either a gain in Stokes (SRG) or a loss in Pump power (SRL). SRS microscopy does not exhibit the four-wave mixing nonresonant background characteristic of CARS microscopy. However, other background signals due to two-photon absorption, thermal lensing or cross-phase modulation (XPM) do reduce the detection sensitivity and can distort the hyperspectral scans. Phase sensitive lock-in detection can reduce contributions from two-photon absorption, which is out-of-phase for the SRG case. However, the background signal due to XPM, which can be in-phase with SRS, can reduce the detection sensitivity. We present a novel polarization modulation (PM) scheme in SRS microscopy which greatly reduces the nonresonant XPM background, demonstrated here for the SRL case. Since many Raman vibrational transitions are parallel polarized, the SRS signal is maximum (minimum) when the polarizations of the pump and the Stokes beams are parallel (perpendicular). However, in both parallel and perpendicular Pump-Stokes geometries, XPM is non-zero in many media. Therefore, PM can remove the XPM background without significantly reducing the SRS signal. Our results show that the PM-SRS successfully removes the nonresonant signal due to XPM. High imaging contrast is observed, concomitant with high sensitivity at very low analyte concentrations and undistorted Raman spectra.
Structure/Property Relationships of Siloxane-Based Liquid Crystalline Materials (1992)

The structure/property relationships of a class of cyclic-siloxane based molecules were investigated. X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy techniques were used to initially investigate commercially available pentamethylcyclopentasiloxane rings with various molar ratios of biphenyl-4- allyloxybenzoate and cholesteryl-4-allyloxybenzoate mesogens attached. Results indicated a strong dependence of the X-ray diffraction patterns on the composition of the mesogens. Three dozen new siloxanes with mesogens were synthesized to investigate the packing behavior in more detail. Variables investigated included siloxane ring size, siloxane shape, leader group length, and mole fraction cholesterol. The phase behavior of these compounds was characterized using polarizing optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction including real-time synchrotron experiments. The amount of cholesterol and the leader group length both substantially affected the liquid crystalline packing behavior. Cholesterol served to disrupt the homogeneity of the interdigitated smectic structure while increasing the tendency of the mesophase to layer pack. Lengthening the leader group increased the packing efficiency among mesogens. Certain compounds could be drawn into long, birefringent fibers with the orientation of the mesogens parallel to the fiber axis. The advantage of using cyclic siloxane rings was shown to lie in their processability. Optically clear thin films and fibers were readily obtainable....Liquid crystal, Smectic, Spectroscopy, Cholesteric, X-ray diffraction, Siloxane, Electron microscopy
Bioadhesive Properties of Poly(alkylcyanoacrylate) Nanoparticles Coated with Polysaccharide (2006)

Development of bioadhesive nanoparticles is of great interest to improve drug absorption through the intestinal barrier. Various Polysaccharide-coated poly(alkylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles were prepared. The bioadhesive properties of the nanoparticles coated with dextran or chitosan in end-on or side-on conformation were evaluated with an ex-vivo adsorption experiment on rat intestine. Results show that diffusion of nanoparticles in mucus layer was governed by the nanoparticle diameter and isotherms of adsorption were influenced by the nature of polysaccharide used. High amount of nanoparticles coated with chitosan can be entrapped in the mucus layer even at low nanoparticle concentration in suspension. When nanoparticle concentration increased, a pseudo-plateau was reached. In the case of dextran-coated nanoparticles, linear increase of adsorption was observed and no saturation phenomenon was highlighted over the range of nanoparticle concentration used in this study. These results suggested that interactions involved in bioadhesion mechanism depended on the nature of polysaccharide. Electrostatic interactions are enhanced between chitosan-coated nanoparticles and glycoproteins of mucus leading to a saturated adsorption phenomenon whereas dextran-coated nanoparticles interacted by non-electrostatic interactions with mucus resulting in a non-saturated phenomenon. Polysaccharides grafted at the nanoparticle surface in the brush conformation appeared more favorable to promote interactions of nanoparticles with glycoproteins of mucus in comparison with the more compact loop conformation of polysaccharide chains.
A Novel DBA Scheme for TDM-PON based Mobile Fronthaul (2014)

We propose a mobile-DBA with low-latency for a TDM-PON based mobile fronthaul. It utilizes mobile-scheduling information and reduces the latency to about 1/20 of conventional one. Measured latencies (&lt; 50 µs) are enough for LTE.
Tazarotene gel is safe and effective in the treatment of acne vulgaris: a multicenter, double-blind, vehicle-controlled study. (1999)

Retinoids reverse the abnormal pattern of keratinization seen in acne vulgaris. Tazarotene is the first of a novel family of topical receptor-selective acetylenic retinoids. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of topical tazarotene 0.1% and 0.05% gels, in comparison to vehicle gel, applied once daily for 12 weeks, in the treatment of mild-to-moderate facial acne vulgaris. A total of 446 patients with facial acne vulgaris were enrolled, and 375 patients, ranging in age from 14 to 44 years, were evaluable in this multicenter, double-blind, randomized study. In comparison to vehicle gel, treatment with tazarotene 0.1% gel resulted in significantly greater reductions in noninflammatory and total lesion counts at all follow-up visits, and inflammatory lesion counts at Week 12. Tazarotene 0.05% gel resulted in significantly greater reductions in noninflammatory and total lesion counts than vehicle gel at Weeks 8 and 12. At Week 12, treatment success rates were 68% and 51% for tazarotene 0.1% and 0.05%, respectively (40% for vehicle gel). Tazarotene gel was an effective, safe, and generally well-tolerated therapy for the treatment of acne vulgaris.
The Rosetta Stone and Cardiac Surgery (2002)

In July 1799 in the small village of Rosetta (Rashid) in the western delta of the Nile, French soldiers of the Napoleon troops, who were demolishing ancient structures to build a fort, found a compact slab of black basalt with inscriptions in 2 languages (Egyptian and Greek) written in 3 scripts: hieroglyphic, demotic, and Greek. When the Rosetta Stone was carved, in 196 BC, these 3 scripts were being used in Egypt: hieroglyphic was used in official and religious documents, demotic was the everyday script of Egypt, and Greek was the language of the Egyptian rulers at that time. A group of priests in Egypt wrote the text of the Rosetta Stone to honor the Egyptian pharaoh Ptolemaios V in all 3 scripts so that priests, government officials, and the rulers of Egypt could read what it said: a list of good deeds that the pharaoh had done for the priests and the people of Egypt.
Platelet‐derived growth factor receptor α/glial fibrillary acidic protein expressing peritumoral astrocytes associate with shorter median overall survival in glioblastoma patients (2019)

The microenvironment and architecture of peritumoral tissue have been suggested to affect permissiveness for infiltration of malignant cells. Astrocytes constitute a heterogeneous population of cells and have been linked to proliferation, migration, and drug sensitivity of glioblastoma (GBM) cells. Through double-immunohistochemical staining for platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), this study explored the intercase variability among 45 human GBM samples regarding density of GFAP+ peritumoral astrocytes and a subset of GFAP+ peritumoral astrocyte-like cells also expressing PDGFRα. Large intercase variability regarding the total peritumoral astrocyte density and the density of PDGFRα+/GFAP+ peritumoral astrocyte-like cells was detected. DNA fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses for commonly altered genetic tumor markers supported the interpretation that these cells represented a genetically unaffected host cell subset referred to as PDGFRα+/GFAP+ peritumoral astrocytes. The presence of PDGFRα+/GFAP+ peritumoral astrocytes was significantly positively correlated to older patient age and peritumoral astrocyte density, but not to other established prognostic factors. Notably, presence of PDGFRα+/GFAP+ peritumoral astrocytes, but not peritumoral astrocyte density, was associated with significantly shorter patient overall survival. The prognostic association of PDGFRα+/GFAP+ peritumoral astrocytes was confirmed in multivariable analyses. This exploratory study thus demonstrates previously unrecognized intercase variability and prognostic significance of peritumoral abundance of a novel PDGFRα+ subset of GFAP+ astrocytes. Findings suggest clinically relevant roles of the microenvironment of peritumoral GBM tissue and encourage further characterization of the novel astrocyte subset with regard to origin, function, and potential as biomarker and drug target.
Phosphorylation of serine residue 89 of human adenovirus E1A proteins is responsible for their characteristic electrophoretic mobility shifts, and its mutation affects biological function (1989)

The shift in mobility on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis that is characteristic of the adenovirus E1A proteins is the result of posttranslational modification. In the present study, we demonstrate that phosphorylation of bacterially produced E1A in higher cell extracts occurs on serine and is responsible for the mobility shift. E1A protein expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae also undergoes the mobility shift due to serine phosphorylation. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to identify the serine residue responsible for the mobility shift. Six serine residues were altered to glycine within E1A. Substitution at serine residue 89 was shown to selectively prevent the mobility shift of both the 289R and 243R E1A proteins. We conclude that phosphorylation at serine 89 is the specific modification responsible for the mobility shift of E1A. Moreover, we demonstrate that the Ser-89-to-Gly mutation has no effect on trans activation or complementation of an E1A-deficient adenovirus. In contrast, the mutant protein does significantly reduce both the repression and transformation efficiency of E1A. The five other Ser-to-Gly mutation were also examined for functional effects. None affected trans activation, whereas repression and transformation functions were affected. One mutant affected transformation without affecting repression, suggesting that these functions are to some degree also separable. The relevance of phosphorylation to structure and activity of E1A and other nuclear oncogene proteins is discussed.
Serological diagnosis of influenza A/USSR/77 H1N1 infection: Value of ELISA compared to other antibody techniques (1985)

Serologic diagnosis of influenza is an important but imperfect tool. During an outbreak of natural H1N1 A/USSR/77 infection, volunteers who received either amantadine, rimantadine, or placebo were tested to determine serologic response to infection by four different antibody techniques. Hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) and complement fixation (CF) were least sensitive, detecting only about half of the virus-positive subjects, whereas neutralization detected 81% and enzyme-linked immune peroxidase (ELISA) detected 95%. Failure to detect significant antibody response was associated with a higher titer of antibody in acute serum specimens and with a history of receipt of A/New Jersey/76 Hsw1N1 vaccine. Although antibody response measured by ELISA was of lower magnitude in vaccinees, it still was sufficient to be diagnostic. Thus, in situations where there is no access to viral isolation facilities, ELISA antibody techniques appear to be an excellent measure of assessing the rate of influenza infection.
Faster Bootstrapping of FHE over the Integers. (2017)

In FHE over the integers, decryption function is simplified by sparse subset subset sum problem (SSSP) assumption, which is introduced by Dijk et al. (Eurocrypt 2010), so that bootstrapping can be achieved successfully. Later, Nuida and Kurowasa (Eurocrypt 2015) proposed an advanced method of which the degree is very low and the message space is non-binary. These previous methods require low degree but more than \(O(\lambda ^4)\) homomorphic multiplications which make them very slow. For a general bootstrapping method in FHE over the integers, the number of homomorphic multiplications and the degree of decryption function are important factors for the efficiency of bootstrapping procedure.
The Large Luteal Cells-Derived PRAP/HSD17B7: An Enzyme with a Split Personality.Geula Gibori, Ph.D. (2009)

The pioneer finding by Gordon Niswender laboratory of the two luteal cell types led us to discover and purify a novel 32Kd protein expressed abundantly and exclusively by the large luteal cells. We generated highly specific antibodies to this protein, cloned its gene and isolated its promoter. We originally named this protein PRAP for Prolactin Receptor Associated Protein since we found that it associated with the intracellular domain of the short form of the PRL receptor. Our laboratory and that of others have thereafter established that this protein is HSD17B, an enzyme long known to exist in the CL but never identified, and was renamed PRAP/HSD17B7. This enzyme has dual activities; it converts estrone to estradiol as well as zymosterone to zymosterol in the cholesterol pathway. It is found in CL of every species investigated to date, including ruminant and human, revealing the novel possibility that the CL in general has the capacity to convert estrone and to produce estradiol. In addition to the CL, we recently found this enzyme to be highly expressed in human ductal carcinoma tissue and in breast cancer cell lines where its expression is strongly stimulated by estradiol, solely through ERalpha. We localized the estrogen responsive element in PRAP/HSD17B7 promoter to a region highly conserved amongst rat, mouse, and human and defined the transcription factors involved in estradiol stimulation. To examine the functional significance of PRAP/HSD17B7, we generated a knockout mouse model with targeted deletions of exons 1-4 of this gene. We anticipated a mouse with a severe fertility defect due to its inability to regulate estrogen levels during pregnancy. However, to our surprise, the breeding of heterozygous mice yielded no viable PRAP/HSD17B7 null mice. Null embryo are found alive in utero until day10.5 but suffer from severe brain malformation and anencephaly. Because the brain becomes dependant on in situ cholesterol biosynthesis for its development beginning from day 10, the major cause of fetal death appears to be due to the cholesterol synthetic activity of this enzyme. In summary, the PRAP/HSD17B7gene, discovered fortuitously in the large luteal cells, is a multifaceted enzyme involved not only in CL estradiol production but also in breast cancer and fetal brain development. Without searching for it, we may have discovered a key gene whose deletion/mutation causes fetal anencephaly. Supported by NIH HD12356, HD11119 and U54 HD40093 (GG) and T32 HL007692 (JL).
Incidences of Fertileader Elite ® foliar spray applications on the improvement of Fruits quality and their conservation. Trials realised on Pink Lady® Cripps Pink Cov. (2010)

Improving fruits Quality, by limiting the defects of aspect, remains a major concern of the Producer. This concern certain varieties, such as Pink Lady ® Cripps Pink Cov, who present an increased sensibility in the manipulations, not compatible with the requirements of specifications of varieties clubs lauding a high visual quality for their marketing. Morphogenesis and fruit Quality can be directly influenced, by hormonal foliar sprays like iso-pentenyl-adenine (IPA), who demonstrated their efficiency on the activation of transport systems in the plant. In this context, the aim of this
A New Concept for Fluence Field Modulation in X-ray CT: the z-sbDBA (2020)

In this work, we present a new concept for dynamic beam attenuation, the z-aligned sheet-based dynamic beam attenuator (z-sbDBA). Like the previously presented sbDBA, it allows dynamically adapting the x-ray intensity over the projection angle and also the fan beam angle by changing the tilt angle of the z-sbDBA. In contrast to the sbDBA, however, the absorbing sheets of a z-sbDBA are parallel to the detector rows. In addition, the height of the absorbing sheets varies over the fan angle – very low near the central beam, increasing toward larger fan beam angles. This facilitates designing the absorption profile of the z-sbDBA, which was not feasible with the sbDBA. Due to the changed orientation of the attenuation sheets, pronounced structures along the fan beam width are avoided, reducing the risk of ring artifacts in the reconstructed image. A prototype of the z-sbDBA, mounted on a drive, has been built and investigated. Using a clinical computed tomography (CT) scanner, we experimentally demonstrate that variable and smooth intensity profiles can be realized by the controlled change of the angular position of the z-sbDBA. Reconstructed images do not reveal substantial artifacts, thus proving the necessary stability of the acquisition technique. We also show that the variance across a reconstructed image can be changed as a function of the tilt angle. Our experimental results demonstrate that the new z-sbDBA concept maintains the main advantage of the sbDBA concept, which is the dynamic fluence field modulation (FFM) of the emitted x-ray beam. In addition, our findings show that due to the improved z-sbDBA structuring several drawbacks of the sbDBA can be overcome by a) avoiding pronounced structures along the fan beam angle, b) requiring only small tilt angles and c) allowing for a flexible design of the transmission profile propagated toward the patient.