gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Processing limits for fibre-reinforced thermoplastic composites (1996)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of hospitalization due to respiratory illness among infants and young children of industrialized countries. There is a lack of understanding of the severe disease mechanisms as well as limited treatment options, none of which are fully satisfactory. This is partly due to lack of a relevant animal model of perinatal RSV infection that mimics moderate to severe disease in infants. We and others have shown mild disease in perinatal lambs with either a bovine or a human A2 strain of RSV. The Memphis 37 clinical strain of human RSV has been used to produce mild to moderate upper respiratory disease in healthy adult volunteers. We hypothesized that the Memphis 37 strain of RSV would infect perinatal lambs and produce clinical disease similar to that in human infants. Perinatal (3- to 5-day-old) lambs were inoculated intranasally with 2 mL/nostril of 1×10(5) focus-forming units (FFU)/mL (n=2) or 2.1×10(8) FFU/mL (n=3) of RSV Memphis 37. Clinical signs, gross and histological lesions, and immune and inflammatory responses were assessed. Memphis 37 caused moderate to severe gross and histologic lesions along with increased mRNA expression of macrophage inflammatory protein. Clinically, four of the five infected lambs had a mild to severe increase in expiratory effort. Intranasally administered RSV strain Memphis 37 infects neonatal lambs with gross, histologic, and immune responses similar to those observed in human infants.
Comparison between radiation efficiencies of phone antennas and radiated power of mobile phones measured in anechoic chambers and reverberation chamber (2003)

Chalmers University and Bluetest AB have developed a reverberation chamber that can be used to measure radiation efficiency of phone antennas and the radiated power of mobile phones. This paper describes the verification of the reverberation chamber measurements by comparison with two anechoic chambers. The total radiated power of each of ten different mobile phone models was measured. In addition, the antennas on eight of the phone models were fed by a cable (spare set of phones), and the radiation efficiencies were measured. Both the antenna radiation efficiency and the radiated power were measured in the presence of a head-and-shoulder phantom. The handsets were measured in only one position - the so-called left talk, 45/spl deg/ user-intended position. The phone tests were performed in the GSM 900 (GSM), GSM 1800 (DCS) and GSM 1900 (PCS) bands. There exists high correlation in the results of the radiation efficiencies and radiated power measured in the reverberation chamber and two different anechoic chambers, respectively. The agreement between the results of corresponding active and cable-fed devices is also good. Frequency stirring, platform stirring and polarization stirring are important for achieving accuracy when measuring in the reverberation chamber.
Search for the rare decay B 0 → J/ψϕ * (2021)

Abstract A search for the rare decay is performed using collision data collected with the LHCb dete-ctor at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb −1 . No significant signal of the decay is observed and an upper limit of at 90% confidence level is set on the branching fraction.
Elderly patients with metastatic esophageal/gastric cancer: A pooled analysis of age-based outcomes from 8 consecutive North Central Cancer Treatment Group (NCCTG) therapeutic trials (2008)

9507 Background: Do elderly patients with metastatic esophageal/gastric cancer do as well as their younger counterparts with chemotherapy? To our knowledge, this question remains unaddressed in patients with these malignancies. Methods: This study focused on 367 patients who had participated in 8 consecutive NCCTG first-line trials for incurable gastric/esophageal adenocarcinoma from 1987 through 2006. These trials tested 1) etoposide + cisplatin; 2) 5-fluorourucil + leucovorin; 3) 5-fluorouracil + levamisole; 4) irinotecan; 5) docetaxel + irinotecan; 6) docetaxel + capecitabine; 7) oxaliplatin + capecitabine; and 8) bortezomib + paclitaxel + carboplatin. The primary goal of the present study was to compare outcomes in patients ≥65 years of age versus younger. Results: 154 (42%) patients were ≥65 years old (range: 65, 86), and 213 were younger (range: 20, 64). Elderly and younger patients were comparable based on gender, cancer site (gastric versus esophagus versus gastroesophageal junction), and body mass index. Elderly patients had worse performance scores (2–3): 19% versus 8% (p<0.0001). The median survival of elderly and younger patients was 6 and 6.7 months, respectively (p=0.45); progression-free survival was 3.3 months for both groups (p=0.46). Duration of first-line therapy was also comparable in both groups. However, rates of severe hematologic and non-hematologic adverse events were higher among elderly patients: grade 3+ leukopenia occurred in 28% versus 18% (p=0.02); grade 3+ stomatitis: 6% versus 1% (p=0.01); grade 3+ fatigue: 15% versus 5% (p=0.0006); and grade 4+ vomiting: 7% versus 2% (p=0.03). Elderly patients had overall higher rates of grade 4+ events: 40% versus 28% (p=0.02). Findings were similar with an age cutoff of ≥70 years. Conclusions: Elderly patients who participated in the above trials manifested survival outcomes comparable to their younger counterparts. Although age should not preclude trial entry, the high rates of severe adverse events in the elderly suggest a need to develop more tolerable regimens. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Reductively degradable α-amino acid-based poly(ester amide)-graft-galactose copolymers: facile synthesis, self-assembly, and hepatoma-targeting doxorubicin delivery (2015)

Novel reductively degradable α-amino acid-based poly(ester amide)-graft-galactose (SSPEA-Gal) copolymers were designed and developed to form smart nano-vehicles for active hepatoma-targeting doxorubicin (DOX) delivery. SSPEA-Gal copolymers were readily synthesized via solution polycondensation reaction of di-p-toluenesulfonic acid salts of bis-l-phenylalanine 2,2-thiodiethanol diester and bis-vinyl sulfone functionalized cysteine hexanediol diester with dinitrophenyl ester of adipic acid, followed by conjugating with thiol-functionalized galactose (Gal-SH) via the Michael addition reaction. SSPEA-Gal formed unimodal nanoparticles (PDI = 0.10 - 0.12) in water, in which average particle sizes decreased from 138 to 91 nm with increasing Gal contents from 31.6 wt% to 42.5 wt%. Notably, in vitro drug release studies showed that over 80% DOX was released from SSPEA-Gal nanoparticles within 12 h under an intracellular mimicking reductive conditions, while low DOX release (<20%) was observed for reduction-insensitive PEA-Gal nanoparticles under otherwise the same conditions and SSPEA-Gal nanoparticles under non-reductive conditions. Notably, SSPEA-Gal nanoparticles exhibited high specificity to asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-R)-overexpressing HepG2 cells. MTT assays using HepG2 cells showed that DOX-loaded SSPEA-Gal had a low half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 1.37 μg mL(-1), approaching that of free DOX. Flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy studies confirmed the efficient uptake of DOX-loaded SSPEA-Gal nanoparticles by HepG2 cells as well as fast intracellular DOX release. Importantly, SSPEA-Gal and PEA-Gal nanoparticles were non-cytotoxic to HepG2 and MCF-7 cells up to a tested concentration of 1.0 mg mL(-1). These tumor-targeting and reduction-responsive degradable nanoparticles have appeared as an interesting multi-functional platform for advanced drug delivery.
Effect of Tip and Pressure Side Coolant Injection on Heat Transfer Distributions for a Plane and Recessed Tip (2005)

The present study investigates the effects of coolant injection on adiabatic film effectiveness and heat transfer coefficients from a plane and recessed tip of a HPT first stage rotor blade. Three cases where coolant is injected from (a) five orthogonal holes located along the camber line, (b) seven angled holes located near the blade tip along the pressure side and (c) combination cases when coolant is injected from both tip and pressure side holes were studied. The pressure ratio (inlet total pressure to exit static pressure for the cascade) across the blade row was 1.2, and the experiments were run in a blow-down test rig with a four-blade linear cascade. The Reynolds number based on cascade exit velocity and axial chord length was 8.61×105 and the inlet and exit Mach number were 0.16 and 0.55, respectively. A transient infrared (IR) technique was used to measure adiabatic film effectiveness and heat transfer coefficient simultaneously for three blowing ratios of 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0. For all the cases, gap-to-blade span ratio of 1% was used. The depth-to-blade span ratio of 0.0416 was used for the recessed tip. Pressure measurements on the shroud were also taken to characterize the leakage flow and understand the heat transfer distributions. For tip injection, when blowing ratio increases from 1.0 to 2.0, film effectiveness increases for both plane and recessed tip. At blowing ratio 3.0, lift off is observed for both cases. In case of pressure side coolant injection and for plane tip, lift off is observed at blowing ratio 2.0 and reattachments of jets are observed at blowing ratio 3.0. But, almost no effectiveness is observed for squealer tip at all blowing ratios with pressure side injection. For combination case, very high effectiveness is observed at blowing ratio 3.0 for both plane and recessed blade tip. It appears that for this high blowing ratio, coolant jets from the tip hit the shroud first and then reattach back on to the blade tip. For tip injection, as blowing ratio increases heat transfer coefficient decreases for both plane and recessed tip. In case of pressure side coolant injection and for plane tip, film injection reduced heat transfer coefficient along the pressure side. Minimal effect is observed for recessed tip at all blowing ratios. For combination case, very high heat transfer coefficient is observed at blowing ratio 3.0 for both plane and recessed blade tip. It appears that for this high blowing ratio, coolant jets from the tip hit the shroud first and then reattach back on to the blade tip.
L'hypersensibilité au gluten, bilan des connaissances (2016)

ATELIER CEREALES VALLEE - NUTRAVITA<br/>ATELIER CEREALES VALLEE - NUTRAVITA
CyclicCO2R: production of cyclic carbonates from CO2 using renewable feedstocks (2013)

The consortium behind CyclicCO2R wants to kick-start the implementation of CO2 utilization technologies by converting CO2 into a high value-added product, thus providing a showcase that inspires industry to further develop technologies utilizing CO2 as a sustainable raw material and valorizing CO2 in such a way that drives the market for CO2 capture and utilization.
Plug and play: a general approach for the fusion of sensor and machine learning models (2022)

Regularized or Bayesian inversion has revolutionized our ability to reconstruct images from incomplete data.
Cordycepin induces apoptosis in human bladder cancer T24 cells through ROS-dependent inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway (2019)

Cordycepin, a derivative of nucleoside adenosine, is one of the active ingredients extracted from the fungi of genus Cordyceps, which have been used for traditional herbal remedies. In this study, we examined the effect of cordycepin on the proliferation and apoptosis of human bladder cancer T24 cells and its mechanism of action. Cordycepin treatment significantly reduced the cell survival rate of T24 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, which was associated with the induction of apoptosis. Cordycepin activated caspase-8 and -9, which are involved in the initiation of extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways, respectively, and also increased caspase-3 activity, a typical effect caspase, subsequently leading to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. Additionally, cordycepin increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and truncation of Bid, and destroyed the integrity of mitochondria, which contributed to the cytosolic release of cytochrome c. Moreover, cordycepin effectively inactivated the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway, while LY294002, a PI3K/Akt inhibitor, increased the apoptosis-inducing effect of cordycepin. Cordycepin further enhanced the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), while the addition of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), a ROS inhibitor, significantly diminished cordycepin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and growth inhibition, and also blocked the inactivation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Furthermore, the presence of NAC significantly attenuated the enhanced apoptotic cell death and reduction of cell viability by treatment with cordycepin and LY294002. Collectively, the data indicate that cordycepin induces apoptosis through the activation of extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways and the ROS-dependent inactivation of PI3K/Akt signaling in human bladder cancer T24 cells.
Video 9 (2010)

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this video is to demonstrate our novel technique for hysterotomy closure using bidirectional barbed sutures. We will briefly demonstrate our original technique and then show the efficient use of this material to close a hysterotomy defect without the need to tie knots. DESCRIPTION: Bidirectional barbed sutures are created by cutting barbs into the suture with the barbs facing in an opposite direction to the needle. The barbs change direction at the midpoint of the suture. The anchoring of bidirectional barbed suture resists migration and can be conceptualized as a “continuous interrupted” suture without knots. We have used bidirectional barbed suture since March of 2008 and have performed over 100 hysterotomy closures with this material. In our experience, barbed suture greatly facilitates suturing by preventing backwards sliding of the suture, thereby enabling continuous suturing without the need for suture locking or to have another surgeon follow the suture. The initial version had a 6 cm “smooth” or non-barbed segment next to the needle. This resulted in sliding of the suture if the repair extended beyond the barbed segment of suture. To counteract this, we utilized LapraTy clips to secure the smooth segment of suture. The use of LapraTy in this manner was off-label, as LapraTy is indicated for use with 2/0, 3/0 and 4/0 Vicryl only. Despite this, we did not have any complications utilizing the LapraTy clips in this setting. With the advent of a second generation of Quill suture where the barbs extend all the way to the needle, the use of the LapraTy clip is not required. CONCLUSION: The use of barbed suture greatly facilitates hysterotomy closure at the time of a laparoscopic myomectomy. We believe that the further integration of barbed suture into the armamentarium of the gynecologic surgeon is inevitable.
Mentalizing about emotion and its relationship to empathy (2008)

Mentalizing involves the ability to predict someone else's behavior based on their belief state. More advanced mentalizing skills involve integrating knowledge about beliefs with knowledge about the emotional impact of those beliefs. Recent research indicates that advanced mentalizing skills may be related to the capacity to empathize with others. However, it is not clear what aspect of mentalizing is most related to empathy. In this study, we used a novel, advanced mentalizing task to identify neural mechanisms involved in predicting a future emotional response based on a belief state. Subjects viewed social scenes in which one character had a False Belief and one character had a True Belief. In the primary condition, subjects were asked to predict what emotion the False Belief Character would feel if they had a full understanding about the situation. We found that neural regions related to both mentalizing and emotion were involved when predicting a future emotional response, including the superior temporal sulcus, medial prefrontal cortex, temporal poles, somatosensory related cortices (SRC), inferior frontal gyrus and thalamus. In addition, greater neural activity in primarily emotion-related regions, including right SRC and bilateral thalamus, when predicting emotional response was significantly correlated with more self-reported empathy. The findings suggest that predicting emotional response involves generating and using internal affective representations and that greater use of these affective representations when trying to understand the emotional experience of others is related to more empathy.
Discovery ofTirasemtiv, the First Direct Fast Skeletal Muscle Troponin Activator (2018)

The identification and optimization of the first activators of fast skeletal muscle are reported. Compound <b>1</b> was identified from high-throughput screening (HTS) and subsequently found to improve muscle function via interaction with the troponin complex. Optimization of <b>1</b> for potency, metabolic stability, and physical properties led to the discovery of tirasemtiv (<b>25</b>), which has been extensively characterized in clinical trials for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Laser-fusion concept using D-D-T pellets with the DNP laser feedback system (1977)

A laser-fusion reactor employing deuterium rich pellets to produce 2.45- and 14-MeV neutron pumping of a direct-nuclear-pumped laser (DNPL) is considered. Neutronic calculations indicate feedback operation (i.e., DNPL-driven implosion) is feasible, but developmental problems remain.
Development of a new compact and light velocity-based mechanical safety device for a rehabilitation assist suit (2020)

Safety is an important requirement in rehabilitation assist suits. We have developed a velocity-based mechanical safety device (VBMSD) for an assist suit to aid in the flexion and extension of a patient’s knee joint. The VBMSD is attached to the assist suit. The VBMSD stops the suit’s motor when the angular velocity of the knee joint matches or exceeds a preset threshold level. This level is called the “detection velocity level (DVL)” and it is adjustable based on the specification of each patient’s gait training. Since the VBMSD is composed only of passive mechanical elements such as a rotary damper, it works even when the suit’s computer has stopped working. In view that portability is equally important as safety in wearable assist devices, the size and the weight of the VBMSD must be reduced for practical use. This paper presents the design and development of a new compact and light VBMSD. First, we describe the problems in the previous VBMSD. Second, we present the requirements and design specifications in the new VBMSD. The requirements and design specifications in the new VBMSD’s size are determined by considering International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 13482 and Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) human body dimensions data. Third, we propose the structure and the mechanism of the new VBMSD. Fourth, we explain the design process of the new VBMSD. In the design process, the frequency response and the transient response of the new VBMSD are also considered. Fifth, experimental results to check whether the new VBMSD achieves the necessary function are presented. Lastly, the possibility of installing the new VBMSD to an ankle joint assist suit and a wrist joint assist suit is discussed using AIST human body dimensions data, etc.
Transport Phenomena in Polymer Processing (2006)

No AccessPolymer ProcessingApr 2006Transport Phenomena in Polymer ProcessingTim A. Osswald, Juan P. Hernández-OrtizTim A. OsswaldSearch for more papers by this author, Juan P. Hernández-OrtizSearch for more papers by this authorhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446412866.005SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2006Pages: 207-245Print ISBN: 978-3-446-40381-9eISBN: 978-3-446-41286-6 Copyright & Permissions© 2006 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
2015 Paul N. Rylander Award Address: Selected Advances in Catalysis and Reactor Systems for the Generation of Acetates and Propionates Using Carbonylation (2016)

The introduction of carbonyl functionality using carbonylation in its various forms represents some of the largest volume and most successful applications of homogeneous catalysis in the chemical industry. These reactions have a diversity of mechanisms which, once understood, allow the manipulation of the catalytic processes in unique ways and offers options for interesting reactor designs. This review will focus on the generation of acetates and propionates, two of the simplest entities that can be generated by carbonylation, and discuss how mechanistic knowledge can be used to develop new catalysts and new reactor configurations in carbonylation processes when desired. Examples will include the development of (i) a Rh–MeI–Li catalyzed carbonylation of methyl acetate to acetic anhydride, (ii) a Mo catalyzed carbonylation of ethylene to propionic acid and propionic anhydride, (iii) a molecular Ir–La catalyst supported on carbon for heterogeneous carbonylation of methanol, (iv) alternative reactor designs including a fluidized bed reactor for heterogeneous carbonylations, and (v) a vapor takeoff reactor using ionic liquids for the generation of acetates and propionates which ultimately led to a process for the generation of acetic acid that uses N-methylpyridinium iodide salts to replace methyl iodide as a cocatalyst in Rh catalyzed methanol carbonylation.
In Situ Alloying of Thermally Conductive Polymer Composites by Combining Liquid and Solid Metal Microadditives (2017)

Room-temperature liquid metals (LMs) are attractive candidates for thermal interface materials (TIMs) because of their moderately high thermal conductivity and liquid nature, which allow them to conform well to mating surfaces with little thermal resistance. However, gallium-based LMs may be of concern due to the gallium-driven degradation of many metal microelectronic components. We present a three-component composite with LM, copper (Cu) microparticles, and a polymer matrix, as a cheaper, noncorrosive solution. The solid copper particles alloy with the gallium in the LM, in situ and at room temperature, immobilizing the LM and eliminating any corrosion issues of nearby components. Investigation of the structure-property-process relationship of the three-component composites reveals that the method and degree of additive blending dramatically alter the resulting thermal transport properties. In particular, microdispersion of any combination of the LM and Cu additives results in a large number of interfaces and a thermal conductivity below 2 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>. In contrast, a shorter blending procedure of premixed LM and Cu particle colloid into the polymer matrix yields a composite with polydispersed filler and effective intrinsic thermal conductivities of up to 17 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup> (effective thermal conductivity of up to 10 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>). The LM-Cu colloid alloying into CuGa<sub>2</sub> provides a limited, but practical, time frame to cast the uncured composite into the desired shape, space, or void before the composite stiffens and cures with permanent characteristics.