gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Binaural extension and performance of single-channel spectral subtraction dereverberation algorithms (2011)

Single-channel spectral subtraction algorithms are commonly used to suppress late reverberation. A binaural extension of such methods, apart from suppressing reverberation without introducing processing artifacts, should also preserve the signal's binaural localization cues. Here, three state-of-the-art spectral subtraction dereverberation algorithms are extended into a binaural context utilizing three alternative bilateral gain adaptation schemes and are compared to an extension derived from a Delay and Sum Beamformer. Objective results for several experimental conditions reveal the most prominent binaural extensions.
Direct-pnfs: scalable, transparent, and versatile access to parallel file systems (2007)

Grid computations require global access to massive data stores. To meet this need, the GridNFS project aims to provide scalable, high-performance, transparent, and secure wide-area data management as well as a scalable and agile name space. While parallel file systems give high I/O throughput, they are highly specialized, have limited operating system and hardware platform support, and often lack strong security mechanisms. Remote data access tools such as NFS and GridFTP overcome some of these limitations, but fail to provide universal, transparent, and scalable remote data access. As part of GridNFS, this paper introduces Direct-pNFS, which builds on the NFSv4.1 protocol to meet a key challenge in accessing remote parallel file systems: high-performance and scalable data access without sacrificing transparency, security, or portability. Experiments with Direct-pNFS demonstrate I/O throughput that equals or outperforms the exported parallel file system across a range of workloads.
Abstract 10272: Aging is Associated With Impaired Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System and Brain-derived Neurothrophic Factor (bdnf) Production (2019)

Introduction: Several studies have shown that aging is associated with alteration in the autonomic nervous system (ANS). In particular, aging is characterized by increased circulating catecholamine...
An Adaptive Framework for Learning Unsupervised Depth Completion (2021)

We present a method to infer a dense depth map from a color image and associated sparse depth measurements. Our main contribution lies in the design of an annealing process for determining co-visibility (occlusions, disocclusions) and the degree of regularization to impose on the model. We show that regularization and co-visibility are related via the fitness (residual) of model to data and both can be unified into a single framework to improve the learning process. Our method is an adaptive weighting scheme that guides optimization by measuring the residual at each pixel location over each training step for (i) estimating a soft visibility mask and (ii) determining the amount of regularization. We demonstrate the effectiveness our method by applying it to several recent unsupervised depth completion methods and improving their performance on public benchmark datasets, without incurring additional trainable parameters or increase in inference time.
Mask design optimization for 70-nm technology node using chromeless phase lithography (CPL) based on 100% transmission phase-shifting mask (2002)

Chromeless phase lithography (CPL, or previously named CLM) is based on using 100 percent transmission PSM in the critical patterning area. However, unlike the conventional single chromeless phase edge type, CPL forms pattern images based on a pair of symmetrical phase-edges in proximity. In principle, the mask pattern layout is very similar to attenuated phase shift mask. There is no need to be concerned with neither phase assignment nor phase conflict. The mask layout complexity is greatly reduced as compared to the requirement for alternating PSM. In this report, we discuss how to optimize CPL mask design for a full-chip application. One effective method is by applying chrome patches or 'chrome shields' on top of the optically sensitive pattern areas. In 'large' 100 percent phase transmission areas, the chrome shield can prevent printing an undesirable pattern. As for the 'critical' pattern areas, chrome shields can be effectively used for controlling optical proximity effects in order to enhance the printing performance. We found chrome scattering bar (SB) OPC is necessary to improve process window. Using LithoCruiser simulation, we predict that it is possible to obtain manufacturable overlapped-process-window across a full range of feature pitch for 70nm line CD target with ArF exposure.
A low-volume multi-phase interleaved Dc-Dc converter for high step-down applications with auto-balancing of phase currents (2017)

This paper introduces a multi-phase interleaved dc-dc converter, targeted for high-step down applications including voltage regulator modules (VRM) for microprocessors, where low volume and high efficiency are the key priorities. The introduced architecture, reducing the voltage swing at the switching node, along with doubling the effective switching frequency of the inductor current ripple, allows reducing the size of the inductors by up to 4 times, resulting in superior dynamic regulation, while maintaining high power processing efficiency of above 90%. Along with the interleaved 2-phase operation of the introduced converter, practical implementation details, including gate driver implementation, startup, and additional features such as automatic phase current balancing, are also addressed. Experimental verifications with a 12-to-1.2 V, 10 A, 250 kHz prototype show proper functionality of the introduced converter.
Silicon Matrix Calcium Phosphate as a Bone Substitute: Early Clinical and Radiological Results in a Prospective Study With 12-Month Follow-up (2008)

The clinical results from this study of silicon matrix calcium phosphate are consistent with previous in vitro studies indicating that this material stimulates formation of a bioactive layer and provides an effective bone graft material for lumbar fusion applications. In comparison with previous studies involving rhBMP-2, silicon matrix calcium phosphate provided a lower fusion rate at 3- and 6-month follow-up points, but after 12 months, the fusion rate was similar, with no statistical differences and lower overall costs. No clinically relevant adverse events were associated with either the cage or graft material. With increasing evidence of high rates of enhanced fusion development in this spinal application, additional research is encouraged, including longer periods of followup, to further confirm the efficacy of silicon matrix calcium phosphate as a safe and effective bone graft substitute.
High-optical-quality GaInP and GaInP/AlInP double heterostructure lasers grown on GaAs substrates by gas-source molecular-beam epitaxy (1989)

By gas-source molecular-beam epitaxy, we obtained a device-quality GaInP epitaxial layer lattice matched to (100)-GaAs substrates, with a photoluminescence efficiency comparable to that of a crystal grown by liquid-phase epitaxy. A GaInP/AlInP double heterostructure laser with a GaInP active layer was fabricated, and pulsed lasing operation was achieved at room temperature for, we believe, the first time.
DNA topoisomerase II interacts with Lim15/Dmc1 in meiosis (2005)

Lim15/Dmc1 is a meiosis specific RecA-like protein. Here we propose its participation in meiotic chromosome pairing-related events along with DNA topoisomerase II. Analysis of protein-protein interactions using in vitro binding assays provided evidence that Coprinus cinereus DNA topoisomerase II (CcTopII) specifically interacts with C.cinereus Lim15/Dmc1 (CcLim15). Co-immunoprecipitation experiments also indicated that the CcLim15 protein interacts with CcTopII in vivo. Furthermore, a significant proportion of CcLim15 and CcTopII could be shown to co-localize on chromosomes from the leptotene to the zygotene stage. Interestingly, CcLim15 can potently activate the relaxation/catenation activity of CcTopII in vitro, and CcTopII suppresses CcLim15-dependent strand transfer activity. On the other hand, while enhancement of CcLim15's DNA-dependent ATPase activity by CcTopII was found in vitro, the same enzyme activity of CcTopII was inhibited by adding CcLim15. The interaction of CcLim15 and CcTopII may facilitate pairing of homologous chromosomes.
Droplet Digital PCR Measurement of HER2 Copy Number Alteration in Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Breast Carcinoma Tissue (2013)

ddPCR can be used as a molecular-analysis tool to precisely measure copy number alterations in FFPE samples of heterogeneous breast tumor tissue.
Outage-Limit-Approaching Protograph LDPC Codes for Slow-Fading Wireless Communications (2019)

Block-fading (BF) channel, also known as slow-fading channel, is a type of simple and practical channel model that can characterize the primary feature of a number of wireless-communication applications with low to moderate mobility. Although the BF channel has received significant research attention in the past twenty years, designing low-complexity outage-limit-approaching error-correction codes (ECCs) is still a challenging issue. For this reason, a novel family of protograph low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes, called root-protograph (RP) LDPC codes, has been conceived recently. The RP codes can not only realize linear-complexity encoding and high-speed decoding with the help of a quasi-cyclic (QC) structure, but also achieve near-outage-limit performance in a variety of BF scenarios. In this article, we briefly review the design guidelines of such protograph codes with the aim of inspiring further research activities in this area.
Nanocarrier Hydrodynamics and Binding in Targeted Drug Delivery: Challenges in Numerical Modeling and Experimental Validation (2013)

This review discusses current progress and future challenges in the numerical modeling of targeted drug delivery using functionalized nanocarriers (NC). Antibody coated nanocarriers of various size and shapes, also called functionalized nanocarriers, are designed to be injected in the vasculature, whereby they undergo translational and rotational motion governed by hydrodynamic interaction with blood particulates as well as adhesive interactions mediated by the surface antibody binding to target antigens/receptors on cell surfaces. We review current multiscale modeling approaches rooted in computational fluid dynamics and nonequilibrium statistical mechanics to accurately resolve fluid, thermal, as well as adhesive interactions governing nanocarrier motion and their binding to endothelial cells lining the vasculature. We also outline current challenges and unresolved issues surrounding the modeling methods. Experimental approaches in pharmacology and bioengineering are discussed briefly from the perspective of model validation.
Digital amplifier of 96 kHz PWM frequency with 91dB dynamic range and 0.13% THD+N at full modulation (2012)

A Pulse Width Modulation digital amplifier is implemented at 96 kHz of switching frequency, significantly lower than the conventional 384 kHz. This provides numerous advantages: less computational time; lower thermal burden on the output stage power MOSFETs; higher Modulation Index; and lower production cost. The implemented system provides 91dB of Dynamic Range with optimized Noise-Shaper coefficients and satisfies the need of most consumer audio products. The Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise ratio, with the optimized clipping compensation of the NS overflow, is 0.13% at full modulation. The reduced THD+N and switching loss increase the maximum output power at fixed levels of power supply voltage and speaker impedance.
Mauve: Multiple Alignment of Conserved Genomic Sequence With Rearrangements (2004)

As genomes evolve, they undergo large-scale evolutionary processes that present a challenge to sequence comparison not posed by short sequences. Recombination causes frequent genome rearrangements, horizontal transfer introduces new sequences into bacterial chromosomes, and deletions remove segments of the genome. Consequently, each genome is a mosaic of unique lineage-specific segments, regions shared with a subset of other genomes and segments conserved among all the genomes under consideration. Furthermore, the linear order of these segments may be shuffled among genomes. We present methods for identification and alignment of conserved genomic DNA in the presence of rearrangements and horizontal transfer. Our methods have been implemented in a software package called Mauve. Mauve has been applied to align nine enterobacterial genomes and to determine global rearrangement structure in three mammalian genomes. We have evaluated the quality of Mauve alignments and drawn comparison to other methods through extensive simulations of genome evolution.
Change-point monitoring for the detection of DoS attacks (2004)

This work presents a simple and robust mechanism, called change-point monitoring (CPM), to detect denial of service (DoS) attacks. The core of CPM is based on the inherent network protocol behavior and is an instance of the sequential change point detection. To make the detection mechanism insensitive to sites and traffic patterns, a nonparametric cumulative sum (CUSUM) method is applied, thus making the detection mechanism robust, more generally applicable, and its deployment much easier. CPM does not require per-flow state information and only introduces a few variables to record the protocol behaviors. The statelessness and low computation overhead of CPM make itself immune to any flooding attacks. As a case study, the efficacy of CPM is evaluated by detecting a SYN flooding attack - the most common DoS attack. The evaluation results show that CPM has short detection latency and high detection accuracy.
Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Cryptophycin Anticancer Agents by an Ester Bond-Forming Non-ribosomal Peptide Synthetase Module (2011)

Cryptophycins (Crp) are a group of cyanobacterial depsipeptides with activity against drug-resistant tumors. Although they have been shown to be promising, further efforts are required to return these highly potent compounds to the clinic through a new generation of analogues with improved medicinal properties. Herein, we report a chemosynthetic route relying on the multifunctional enzyme CrpD-M2 that incorporates a 2-hydroxy acid moiety (unit D) into Crp analogues. CrpD-M2 is a unique non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) module comprised of condensation-adenylation-ketoreduction-thiolation (C-A-KR-T) domains. We interrogated A-domain 2-keto and 2-hydroxy acid activation and loading, and KR domain activity in the presence of NADPH and NADH. The resulting 2-hydroxy acid was elongated with three synthetic Crp chain elongation intermediate analogues through ester bond formation catalyzed by CrpD-M2 C domain. Finally, the enzyme-bound seco-Crp products were macrolactonized by the Crp thioesterase. Analysis of these sequential steps was enabled through LC-FTICR-MS of enzyme-bound intermediates and products. This novel chemoenzymatic synthesis of Crp involves four sequential catalytic steps leading to the incorporation of a 2-hydroxy acid moiety in the final chain elongation intermediate. The presented work constitutes the first example where a NRPS-embedded KR domain is employed for assembly of a fully elaborated natural product, and serves as a proof-of-principle for chemoenzymatic synthesis of new Crp analogues.
Unliganded and Liganded Estrogen Receptors Protect against Cancer Invasion via Different Mechanisms (2000)

While estrogens are mitogenic in breast cancer cells, the presence of estrogen receptor a (ERalpha) clinically indicates a favorable prognosis in breast carcinoma. To improve our understanding of ERalpha action in breast cancer, we used an original in vitro method, which combines transient transfection and Matrigel invasion assays to examine its effects on cell invasiveness. ERalpha expression in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells reduced their invasiveness by 3-fold in the absence of hormone and by 7-fold in its presence. Integrity of hormone and DNA-binding domains and activating function 2 were required for estradiol-induced inhibition, suggesting that transcriptional activation of estrogen target genes was involved. In contrast, these domains were dispensable for hormone-independent inhibition. Analysis of deletion mutants of ERalpha indicated that amino acids 179-215, containing the N-terminal zinc finger of the DNA-binding domain, were required for ligand-independent receptor action. Among different members of the nuclear receptor family, only unliganded ERalpha and ERbeta reduced invasion. Calreticulin, a Ca2+-binding protein that could interact with amino acids 206-211 of ERalpha, reversed hormone-independent ERalpha inhibition of invasion. However, since calreticulin alone also inhibited invasion, we propose that this protein probably prevents ERalpha interaction with another unidentified invasion-regulating factor. The inhibitor role of the unliganded ER was also suggested in three ERalpha-positive cell lines, where ERalpha content was inversely correlated with cell migration. We conclude that ERalpha protects against cancer invasion in its unliganded form, probably by protein-protein interactions with the N-terminal zinc finger region, and after hormone binding by activation of specific gene transcription.
Heusler-based synthetic antiferrimagnets (2022)

Antiferromagnet spintronic devices eliminate or mitigate long-range dipolar fields, thereby promising ultrafast operation. For spin transport electronics, one of the most successful strategies is the creation of metallic synthetic antiferromagnets, which, to date, have largely been formed from transition metals and their alloys. Here, we show that synthetic antiferrimagnetic sandwiches can be formed using exchange coupling spacer layers composed of atomically ordered RuAl layers and ultrathin, perpendicularly magnetized, tetragonal ferrimagnetic Heusler layers. Chemically ordered RuAl layers can both be grown on top of a Heusler layer and allow for the growth of ordered Heusler layers deposited on top of it that are as thin as one unit cell. The RuAl spacer layer gives rise to a thickness-dependent oscillatory interlayer coupling with an oscillation period of ~1.1 nm. The observation of ultrathin ordered synthetic antiferrimagnets substantially expands the family of synthetic antiferromagnets and magnetic compounds for spintronic technologies.
Solid-State Circuits Society is volunteer powered — The CICC case study (2004)

SSCS and IEEE have uncovered, through member surveys this year, the fact that many members don't realize that volunteers really do most of the work in IEEE. And many members say they would like to volunteer but don't know how.
Brief Announcement: A Persistent Lock-Free Queue for Non-Volatile Memory (2017)

Non-volatile memory is expected to coexist with (or even displace) volatile DRAM for main memory in upcoming architectures. As a result, there is increasing interest in the problem of designing and specifying durable data structures that can recover from system crashes. Data-structures may be designed to satisfy stricter or weaker durability guarantees to provide a balance between the strength of the provided guarantees and performance overhead. This paper proposes three novel implementations of a concurrent lock-free queue. These implementations illustrate the algorithmic challenges in building persistent lock-free data structures with different levels of durability guarantees. We believe that by presenting these challenges, along with the proposed algorithmic designs, and the possible levels of durability guarantees, we can shed light on avenues for building a wide variety of durable data structures. We implemented the various designs and evaluate their performance overhead compared to a simple queue design for standard (volatile) memory.
Reduced Switch Operation of the Tripolar for Interoperability in Inductive Power Transfer (2019)

Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) is a method of transferring power without physical contact between two coils. SAEJ2954 is a newly defined standard which specifies several requirements for single coil structures to be used in EV charging. The Tripolar pad (TPP) is a multi-coil design which has shown to offer various advantages over single coil designs. Conventional operation methods require twelve switches. This paper explores the use of an eight-switch circuit topology in a wye configuration for interoperability of the TPP with SAEJ2954 pads at a power level of WPT2 and height of Z2.
ChemInform Abstract: Supported Gold and Gold—Palladium Catalysts for Selective Chemical Synthesis (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An α2,3-Sialyltransferase fromPhotobacteriumsp. JT-ISH-224 TransfersN-Acetylneuraminic Acid to Both the O-2 and O-3′ Hydroxyl Groups of Lactose (2010)

We found that α2,3-sialyltransferase from Photobacterium sp. JT-ISH-224 produced a regio-mistaken sialyl-transferred by-product. Spectroscopic analysis of the purified by-product indicated that it contained two N-acetylneuraminic acids: one attached to the O-3′ hydroxyl group of lactose, and the other attached to the O-2 hydroxyl group of lactose. The relative configuration between the C-1 and C-3 of the α-glucopyranose residue is superimposable with that between C-4 and C-2 of galactopyranoside. Therefore, formation of this by-product, designated 2,3′-disialyllactose, was simply rationalized as a regio-mistaken reaction of bacterial α2,3-sialyltransferase. This finding indicates that this bacterial α2,3-sialyltransferase has a possibility to synthesize several unusual sialosides.
High Power Electrochemical Capacitors (2012)

Abstract : Electrochemical supercapacitors are rechargeable electrochemical energy storage devices similar to batteries, but with different performance characteristics. Supercapacitors can store more power in a smaller volume and often at a lower cost. In contrast to batteries, supercapacitors have incredibly long cycle life ( 1000,000 cycles), and could be charged in less than a second. Their unique characteristics allow them to complement batteries in applications where high power and low weight are essential, including directed-energy weapons, compact pulsed power, mobile power quality devices, and peak power sources for aircraft and electric vehicles. In our project we focus on materials for high energy / high power supercapacitors.
Subgroup analysis of the placebo-controlled CHARM trial: Increased remission rates through 3years for adalimumab-treated patients with early Crohn's disease (2012)

Adalimumab was superior to placebo for maintaining clinical remission in patients with moderately to severely active CD after 1 year of treatment regardless of disease duration. Clinical remission rates through 3 years of treatment were highest in the shortest disease duration subgroup in adalimumab-treated patients, with a trend to fewer side effects.