gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional measurement of small inner surface profiles using feature-based 3-D panoramic registration (2017)

Rapid development in the performance of sophisticated optical components, digital image sensors, and computer abilities along with decreasing costs has enabled three-dimensional (3-D) optical measurement to replace more traditional methods in manufacturing and quality control. The advantages of 3-D optical measurement, such as noncontact, high accuracy, rapid operation, and the ability for automation, are extremely valuable for inline manufacturing. However, most of the current optical approaches are eligible for exterior instead of internal surfaces of machined parts. A 3-D optical measurement approach is proposed based on machine vision for the 3-D profile measurement of tiny complex internal surfaces, such as internally threaded holes. To capture the full topographic extent (peak to valley) of threads, a side-view commercial rigid scope is used to collect images at known camera positions and orientations. A 3-D point cloud is generated with multiview stereo vision using linear motion of the test piece, which is repeated by a rotation to form additional point clouds. Registration of these point clouds into a complete reconstruction uses a proposed automated feature-based 3-D registration algorithm. The resulting 3-D reconstruction is compared with x-ray computed tomography to validate the feasibility of our proposed method for future robotically driven industrial 3-D inspection.
Optical imaging outperforms micro-CT towards revealing 3D microvasculature in whole lung tissue (2022)

Pulmonary microvasculature remains often overlooked in preclinical research but is essential in lung pathologies such as pulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary vascular research is challenging as 2D histology is inadequate to analyze its full complexity. Yet, adequate tools to investigate the 3D microvasculature are lacking. Hence, our aim is to deliver a method to visualize and analyze the pulmonary microvasculature in rodent lungs. A 2% Evans Blue (EB) solution was injected in the right ventricle of terminally anesthetized adult mice and rabbit pups, followed by fixation, lung isolation, and BABB optical clearing. Intact lungs were visualized with a custom-built OPTiSPIM and MuVi SPIM (Bruker). Gelatin-barium perfused lungs were scanned with high-resolution µCT (Bruker). OPT visualizes airways in parallel with EB-labeled endothelial cells, lining the vascular tree in 3D at the level of the full left lung lobe (Fig 1B). OPTiSPIM and MuVi SPIM visualized EB-labeled distal vessels (Fig 1D) down to the capillary level in 3D (Fig 1E). µCT visualizes distal pulmonary vessels but no capillaries (Fig 1C). We introduce optical imaging as a new technique to visualize the 3D pulmonary vasculature to the capillary level. Our optical imaging approach is superior to µCT since labeling can be performed at physiological pressures and thereby bridging the methodological gap towards studying microvascular alterations in lung research.
Supplementary Table 1 from Prooncogenic Factors miR-23b and miR-27b Are Regulated by Her2/<i>Neu</i>, EGF, and TNF-α in Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 30K, Supplementary Table 1: The potential target genes of miR-23b searched by the PicTar, TargetScan, and miRanda online tools.&lt;/p&gt;
Solid Serous Adenoma of the Pancreas (2010)

We discuss the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features, as well as the differential diagnosis, of pancreatic solid serous adenomas. Solid serous adenoma is a rare variant of the serous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas, with only 11 cases reported in the literature. Preoperatively, this lesion is frequently misclassified as a well-differentiated pancreatic endocrine neoplasm because of its well-circumscribed, solid, and vascular appearance on imaging studies. The primary diagnostic challenge for the surgical pathologist is to distinguish solid serous adenoma from other neoplasms with clear cytoplasm, including primary ductal adenocarcinoma with clear cell or foamy gland change, well-differentiated pancreatic endocrine neoplasm with clear cell features, metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma, PEComa, and solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm with clear cell change. A periodic acid-Schiff with and without diastase digestion demonstrates cytoplasmic glycogen, and immunohistochemical labeling for markers such as CD10, CD56, synaptophysin, chromogranin, renal cell carcinoma-Ma, and β-catenin can be useful in excluding other entities in the differential diagnosis. Establishing the correct diagnosis is particularly important because the solid serous adenoma is a benign lesion with much better prognosis than the other lesions in the differential diagnosis.
Are Homeobox Knotted-Like Genes and Cytokinins the Leaf Architects? (1999)

An increasing body of evidence indicates that the products of homeobox genes control the expression of specific target genes that trigger important differentiation processes in a variety of organisms ([Gehring, 1987][1]; [Skott et al., 1989][2]; [Kessel and Gruss, 1990][3]; Kerstelter et al., 1994
American sign language vocabulary (2008)

In this paper we present the results of a study designed to evaluate the computer-based methods of learning American Sign Language (ASL). We describe a method including an initial instruction session along with receptive and generative language tests which were administered after a week-long retention interval. We show a strong correlations (r=.62, r=.57) between the initial session's instruction and the receptive and generative levels of vocabulary signing. Based on the results of our experiment, we establish a baseline for further exploration of ASL vocabulary acquisition and identify further paths for language based instruction.
ChemInform Abstract: Natural Phosphate Doped with Potassium Fluoride and Modified with Sodium Nitrate: Efficient Catalysts for the Knoevenagel Condensation. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An Epidemiological Investigation for Gram-Positive Coccus, Especially MRSA, in Kinki Area (1997)

An epidemiological investigation for penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumonia (PRSP) was performed at 18 medical institutes in Kinki area by the questionnaire from Kinki Infection Working Group 1995. This investigation was the first report that was performed for a long term (one year) and a large area. The most frequent specimen was sputum from out-patients (50.3%) and inpatients (48.8%), and especially from spinal fluid of 3 cases were detected. Polymicrobial infection with more than 3 pathogens was 15.7%, and it was more frequent than MRSA previously investigated. Simultaneous pathogens detected with PRSP were Candida species, Haemophilus influenzae and Staphylococcus aureus. In terms of chemosusceptibility, VCM (100%), FMOX (97.9%), IPM/CS (85.9%), CEZ (93.4%) and CDTR-PI were determined to be high by sensitive. However, the sensitivity of CCL, which was one of the most common antibiotics, was only 37.7%.
A Novel In Vivo‐Active Small Molecule Inducer of Progranulin for the Treatment of Frontotemporal Dementia (2022)

Abstract Background Heterozygous mutations in GRN that lead to haploinsufficiency of the progranulin (PGRN) protein cause the fatal neurodegenerative disease frontotemporal dementia (FTD‐ GRN ). Complete loss of PGRN, on the other hand, leads to an early onset lysosomal storage disorder, indicating a critical role for PGRN in the lysosome. Although its exact function is unknown, PGRN is both secreted and trafficked to the lysosome where it is processed into granulins. Lysosomal granulins are reported to modulate the activity of lysosomal enzymes. Currently there are no treatments for FTD‐ GRN but restoring PGRN to normal levels is a promising therapeutic strategy. Methods We performed a small molecule screen in BV‐2 cells and identified novel compounds that increase progranulin secretion. Some of these molecules were further characterized in vivo to help determine an exposure‐response relationship. Results Through structure activity relationship optimization, we improved the potency of compounds at increasing PGRN secretion from &gt;2 mM down to &lt;1 nM. Importantly, we found that lysosomal granulins are increased following compound treatment and that this effect is sustained beyond the secreted PGRN increase. Using an optimized brain‐penetrant compound with good pharmacokinetic properties, we established an exposure‐response relationship for PGRN changes in the CSF of non‐human primates, demonstrating an excellent in vitro‐in vivo correlation. Finally, we report that multi‐day dosing produced a sustained increase in PGRN in CSF over the course of the treatment period. Conclusion Overall, these data support further development of our novel small molecules for the treatment of FTD‐ GRN .
DC Electrical Trees in Polymer Insulation Inflicted by Rapidly Decreasing Short Circuit Voltage Flanks (2022)

This work aims to study the appearance and changes in the partial discharge pattern due to electrical treeing degradation of XLPE, a copolymer blend, crosslinked through a byproduct-free curing reaction, and LDPE when exposed to a series of high voltage short circuits. A wire-plane type test object has been employed and the presence of electrical trees were detected visually and by measuring the partial discharge (PD) activity. It was observed that PD characteristics changed with increased number of short circuit events. In particular, both the summed amount of PD magnitudes as well as the number of PDs increased due to the growth of electrical trees. These results were in good agreement with the hypothesis of electromechanical stresses analogue to mechanical crack formation which increase the volume of the defects thus affecting the PD characteristics. Additionally, clear differences in the phase distribution of PDs were observed that allows to use them as indicators of material performance and as complement to DC conductivity measurements and frequency domain spectroscopy.
Crab Cavity and Cryomodule Development for HL-LHC (2015)

The HL-LHC project aims at increasing the LHC luminosity by a factor 10 beyond the design value. The installation of a set of RF Crab Cavities to increase bunch crossing angle is one of the key upgrades of the program. Two concepts, Double Quarter Wave (DQW) and RF Dipole (RFD) have been proposed and are being produced in parallel for test in the SPS beam before the next long shutdown of CERN accelerator’s complex. In the retained concept, two cavities are hosted in one single cryomodule, providing thermal insulation and interfacing with RF coupling, tuning, cryogenics and beam vacuum. This paper overviews the main design choices for the cryomodule and its different components, which have the goal of optimizing the structural, thermal and electro-magnetic behavior of the system, while respecting the existing constraints in terms of integration in the accelerator environment. Prototyping and testing of the most critical components, manufacturing, preparation and installation strategies are also described.
The Knowref Coreference Corpus: Removing Gender and Number Cues for\n Difficult Pronominal Anaphora Resolution (2018)

We introduce a new benchmark for coreference resolution and NLI, Knowref,\nthat targets common-sense understanding and world knowledge. Previous\ncoreference resolution tasks can largely be solved by exploiting the number and\ngender of the antecedents, or have been handcrafted and do not reflect the\ndiversity of naturally occurring text. We present a corpus of over 8,000\nannotated text passages with ambiguous pronominal anaphora. These instances are\nboth challenging and realistic. We show that various coreference systems,\nwhether rule-based, feature-rich, or neural, perform significantly worse on the\ntask than humans, who display high inter-annotator agreement. To explain this\nperformance gap, we show empirically that state-of-the art models often fail to\ncapture context, instead relying on the gender or number of candidate\nantecedents to make a decision. We then use problem-specific insights to\npropose a data-augmentation trick called antecedent switching to alleviate this\ntendency in models. Finally, we show that antecedent switching yields promising\nresults on other tasks as well: we use it to achieve state-of-the-art results\non the GAP coreference task.\n
Improvement in Cycle Performance and Clarification of Deterioration Mechanism of Lithium-Ion Full Cells Using SiO Anodes (2013)

We have succeeded in obtaining good cycle performance by control cutoff voltage suitable for an ambient temperature in Li-ion full cells with carbon-coated SiO (C-SiO) anode. The optimized cells showed that the retention ratio of discharge capacity was above 90% after 500 cycles at 20°C. We also found that the origins of capacity fading were very different at 20°C and 60°C. In the former, C-SiO electrode caused the phase separation of Li concentration during charge-discharge due to the slow diffusion rate of the Li ion, and the thick heterogeneous phase was formed on C-SiO particles. In the latter, the decomposition of electrolyte became the main deterioration factor. The improved performance of full cell and the elucidation of the deterioration mechanism can accelerate the practical application of next generation high capacity Li-ion cells.
Automatically Debugging AutoML Pipelines Using Maro: ML Automated Remediation Oracle (2022)

This archive contains our tool and data used for the evaluation for our<br> MAPS 2022 paper entitled "Automatically Debugging AutoML Pipelines<br> Using Maro: ML Automated Remediation Oracle." Preprint available here: https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.01311 Tool: maro.zip - contains the Maro tool<br> - also contains the 3 baseline algorithms used in the evaluation<br> - maro.shortcut()<br> - maro.stacked_shortcut()<br> - maro.defaultcut()<br> - contains example notebook in /examples Evaluation pipelines: evaluation_pipelines_and_baselines.ipynb - Jupyter notebook with all of the<br> example pipelines used in the evaluation. Also demonstrates how to use<br> the debugger, remediator, and explainer components of Maro as well as how<br> to call the included baseline algorithms. Evaluation results: correctness_experiments.csv - Aggregated correctness evaluation results per<br> pipeline for Maro and the three baseline algorithms. accuracy_experiments.csv - Aggregated accuracy and convergence evaluation<br> results.<br>
A current-starved inverter-based differential amplifier design for ultra-low power applications (2013)

As silicon feature sizes decrease, more complex circui try arrays can now be contrived on a single die. This increase in the number of on-chip devices per unit area results in increased power dissipation per unit area. In order to meet certain power and operating temperature specifications, circuit design necessitates a focus on power efficiency, which is especially important in systems employing hundreds or thousands of instances of the same device. In large arrays, a slight increase in the power efficiency of a single component is heightened by the number of instances of the device in the system. This paper proposes a fully differential, low-power current-starving inverter-based amplifier topology designed in a commercial 0.18μm process. This design achieves 46dB DC gain and a 464 kHz uni ty gain frequency with a power consumption of only 145.32nW at 700mV power supply vol tage for ultra-low power, low bandwidth applications. Higher bandwidth designs are also proposed, including a 48dB DC gain, 2.4 MHz unity-gain frequency amplifier operating at 900mV wi th only 3.74μW power consumption.
Maturation of SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific memory B cells drives resilience to viral escape (2022)

Memory B cells (MBCs) generate rapid antibody responses upon secondary encounter with a pathogen. Here, we investigated the kinetics, avidity and cross-reactivity of serum antibodies and MBCs in 155 SARS-CoV-2 infected and vaccinated individuals over a 16-month timeframe. SARS-CoV-2-specific MBCs and serum antibodies reached steady-state titers with comparable kinetics in infected and vaccinated individuals. Whereas MBCs of infected individuals targeted both pre- and postfusion Spike (S), most vaccine-elicited MBCs were specific for prefusion S, consistent with the use of prefusion-stabilized S in mRNA vaccines. Furthermore, a large fraction of MBCs recognizing postfusion S cross-reacted with human betacoronaviruses. The avidity of MBC-derived and serum antibodies increased over time resulting in enhanced resilience to viral escape by SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 sub-lineages, albeit only partially for BA.4 and BA.5 sublineages. Overall, the maturation of high-affinity and broadly-reactive MBCs provides the basis for effective recall responses to future SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Loop-Free Alternate (LFA) Applicability in Service Provider (SP) Networks (2012)

In this document, we analyze the applicability of the Loop-Free Alternate (LFA) method of providing IP fast reroute in both the core and access parts of Service Provider networks.We consider both the link and node failure cases, and provide guidance on the applicability of LFAs to different network topologies, with special emphasis on the access parts of the network.
Influence of carbon nanotube type and novel modification on dispersion, melt‐rheology and electrical conductivity of polypropylene/carbon nanotube composites (2020)

Abstract Melt‐mixing was employed to prepare multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) based polypropylene (PP) composites, wherein MWCNTs vary in “agglomerate” size and also in terms of “agglomerate” structure. Morphological analysis revealed MWCNTs‐D type exhibits bigger “agglomerate” size with compact “agglomerate” structure with respect to MWCNTs‐N type, that show smaller “agglomerate” size with porous “agglomerate” structure in the corresponding PP/MWCNTs composites. Melt‐rheological analysis showed a rheological percolation threshold of 2 to 3 wt% in PP/MWCNTs‐N composites, whereas PP/MWCNTs‐D composites exhibited a rheological percolation of 3 to 4 wt% of MWCNTs. AC electrical conductivity measurements exhibited an electrical percolation threshold of 0.5 to 1 wt% of MWCNTs‐N, whereas MWCNTs‐D type depicts an electrical percolation threshold of 2 to 3 wt% of MWCNTs in the respective composites. Further, an unique dispersant; Li salt of 6‐aminohexanoic acid (Li‐AHA) was utilized to “deagglomerate” MWCNTs. Moreover, PP‐g‐MA was also utilized in combination with Li‐AHA encapsulated MWCNTs in the corresponding composites. An extensive morphological, rheological, and electrical conductivity measurements suggested the influence of Li‐AHA encapsulated MWCNTs and PP‐g‐MA on the transformation of MWCNTs “agglomerate” into “individualized” and smaller MWCNTs “agglomerate” in PP/MWCNTs composites.
Protein content in aqueous humor from patients with pseudoexfoliation (PEX) investigated by capillary LC MALDI‐TOF/TOF MS (2009)

Analysis of proteins in human body fluids is challenging since the composition of the sample often is rather complex. Here we present a method for analysis of proteins in aqueous humor from two groups of cataract patients, with and without pseudoexfoliation (PEX). Aqueous humor is an extracellular fluid contained in the anterior chamber of the eye between the cornea and iris. The limited volume of sample requires sophisticated analysis techniques. Our method is based on a total tryptic digestion of the sample followed by capillary LC-MALDI MS and MS/MS analysis of the peptides. The method is rapid, efficient and suitable as a complement or alternative to more commonly used methods based on gel electrophoretic experiments. With this method we found and unambiguously identified 30 nonredundant proteins. Proteins found include general transport proteins such as albumin and apolipoprotein A1 but also specific proteins involved in immune response, such as complement factors. Cystatin C, clusterin, and crystallins were also found. Although the number of proteins was roughly the same in both groups there was a significant difference in their identities. These findings may give some new insights into the pathophysiology of the PEX syndrome.
An intelligent explicit rate control algorithm for ABR service in ATM networks (2002)

The central issue of explicit rate control for available bit rate (ABR) service in ATM networks is the computation of fair rate for every connection. In this paper, we propose a new fair-rate allocation algorithm called fast max-min rate allocation (FMMRA) for ATM switches supporting ABR services. The FMMRA algorithm provides the means to compute the max-min fair rates with O(1) computational complexity. This exact calculation of fair rates expedites quick convergence to max-min fair shares, and offers excellent transient response. At the steady state, the algorithm operates without causing any oscillations in rates. The FMMRA algorithm does not require any parameter tuning and proves to be very robust in a large ATM network. Some simulation results are provided to show the effectiveness of the algorithm.
Dual-projection 3D-2D registration for surgical guidance: preclinical evaluation of performance and minimum angular separation (2014)

An algorithm for 3D-2D registration of CT and x-ray projections has been developed using dual projection views to provide 3D localization with accuracy exceeding that of conventional tracking systems. The registration framework employs a normalized gradient information (NGI) similarity metric and covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy (CMAES) to solve for the patient pose in 6 degrees of freedom. Registration performance was evaluated in anthropomorphic head and chest phantoms, as well as a human torso cadaver, using C-arm projection views acquired at angular separations (Δ𝜃) ranging 0–178°. Registration accuracy was assessed in terms target registration error (TRE) and compared to that of an electromagnetic tracker. Studies evaluated the influence of C-arm magnification, x-ray dose, and preoperative CT slice thickness on registration accuracy and the minimum angular separation required to achieve TRE ~2 mm. The results indicate that Δ𝜃 as small as 10–20° is adequate to achieve TRE &lt;2 mm with 95% confidence, comparable or superior to that of commercial trackers. The method allows direct registration of preoperative CT and planning data to intraoperative fluoroscopy, providing 3D localization free from conventional limitations associated with external fiducial markers, stereotactic frames, trackers, and manual registration. The studies support potential application to percutaneous spine procedures and intracranial neurosurgery.