gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Production of prostaglandin E2induced by cigarette smoke modulates tissue factor expression and activity in endothelial cells (2015)

Cigarette smoke (CS) increases the incidence of atherothrombosis, the release of prostaglandin (PG) E2, and the amount of tissue factor (TF). The link between PGE2 and TF, and the impact of this interaction on CS-induced thrombosis, is unknown. Plasma from active smokers showed higher concentration of PGE2, TF total antigen, and microparticle-associated TF (MP-TF) activity compared with never smokers. Similar results were obtained in mice and in mouse cardiac endothelial cells (MCECs) after treatment with aqueous CS extracts (CSEs) plus IL-1β [CSE (6.4 puffs/L)/IL-1β (2 μg/L)]. A significant correlation between PGE2 and TF total antigen or MP-TF activity were observed in both human and mouse plasma or tissue. Inhibition of PGE synthase reduced TF in vivo and in vitro and prevented the arterial thrombosis induced by CSE/IL-1β. Only PG E receptor 1 (EP1) receptor antagonists (SC51089:IC50 ∼ 1 μM, AH6809:IC50 ∼ 7.5 μM) restored the normal TF and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) levels in MCECs before PGE2 (EC50 ∼ 2.5 mM) or CSE/IL-1β exposure. Similarly, SIRT1 activators (CAY10591: IC50 ∼ 10 μM, resveratrol: IC50 ∼ 5 μM) or prostacyclin analogs (IC50 ∼ 5 μM) prevented SIRT1 inhibition and reduced TF induced by CSE/IL-1β or by PGE2. In conclusion, PGE2 increases both TF expression and activity through the regulation of the EP1/SIRT1 pathway. These findings suggest that EP1 may represent a possible target to prevent prothrombotic states.
A Survey of Otologic Training in US Residency Programs (1990)

Otologic cases are dwindling in numbers, jeopardizing the clinical training of our residents. A survey was performed to determine the magnitude of the problem facing our training programs. Seventy-three of 79 questionnaires distributed were returned. Results of the survey indicate that facial nerve decompression, exostosis repair, and stapedectomy were, on the average, infrequently performed by residents. Training for these seldom-performed procedures consists of temporal bone laboratory experience, close operative supervision, and the use of private patients for resident training. The majority (84%) of respondents did not feel that fellowship training was required to perform otologic surgery on graduation or that it should be required for obtaining hospital privileges in seldom-performed cases. Approximately three quarters (76%) of the program directors consider the training of seldom-performed procedures to be a moderate-to-serious problem facing otologic training today.
A compact wideband high power amplifier in GaN technology with 47% peak PAE (2014)

This article presents a 4-6GHz power amplifier in a 0.25μm GaN integrated technology from UMS foundry. Two unit power cells are combined to increase output power. A new power combiner based on a stacked balun is presented. It has the advantage of occupying a much smaller area than a conventional one. The measured circuit exhibits a peak output power of 37 dBm together with a peak PAE of 47% at 4GHz.
Supplementary Table 2 from Complement-Dependent Tumor Cell Lysis Triggered by Combinations of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Antibodies (2023)

Supplementary Table 2 from Complement-Dependent Tumor Cell Lysis Triggered by Combinations of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Antibodies
Molecular Identification Keys for Cultivars and Lines of Cornus florida and C. kousa Based on Simple Sequence Repeat Loci (2008)

Flowering dogwood ( Cornus florida ) and kousa dogwood ( C. kousa ) are popular ornamental species commonly used in the horticultural industry. Both trees are valued for their beautiful floral display and four-season appeal. Species-specific simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci were used to genotype and assess genetic diversity of 24 flowering dogwood cultivars and breeding lines and 22 kousa dogwood cultivars. Genetic diversity was determined by allele sharing distances and principal coordinate analysis and was high in both species. Molecular identification keys were developed for cultivars and breeding lines of each species using a few polymorphic SSRs loci (four in C. florida and five in C. kousa ). Most (18 of 24) of the flowering dogwood and all (22 of 22) kousa dogwood accessions could be distinguished from each other using these SSRs; those that could not were resolved using DNA amplification fingerprinting. The reliability of both keys was assessed using five anonymous cultivars for each dogwood species, which were correctly identified using the molecular keys. The genetic information presented here will be useful for identification and verification of cultivars for nurseries and as molecular markers for breeders and researchers.
Source Identification: A Self-Supervision Task for Dense Prediction (2023)

The paradigm of self-supervision focuses on representation learning from raw data without the need of labor-consuming annotations, which is the main bottleneck of current data-driven methods. Self-supervision tasks are often used to pre-train a neural network with a large amount of unlabeled data and extract generic features of the dataset. The learned model is likely to contain useful information which can be transferred to the downstream main task and improve performance compared to random parameter initialization. In this paper, we propose a new self-supervision task called source identification (SI), which is inspired by the classic blind source separation problem. Synthetic images are generated by fusing multiple source images and the network's task is to reconstruct the original images, given the fused images. A proper understanding of the image content is required to successfully solve the task. We validate our method on two medical image segmentation tasks: brain tumor segmentation and white matter hyperintensities segmentation. The results show that the proposed SI task outperforms traditional self-supervision tasks for dense predictions including inpainting, pixel shuffling, intensity shift, and super-resolution. Among variations of the SI task fusing images of different types, fusing images from different patients performs best.
Report on ECIR 2016 (2016)

The 38th European Conference on Information Retrieval took place from the 20th to the 23rd of March 2016 in Padua, Italy. This report summarizes the conference in terms of the presented keynotes, scientific and social programme, industry day, tutorials, workshops and student support.
A hybrid lattice Boltzmann and finite difference method for droplet dynamics with insoluble surfactants (2017)

Droplet dynamics in microfluidic applications is significantly influenced by surfactants. It remains a research challenge to model and simulate droplet behaviour including deformation, breakup and coalescence, especially in the confined microfluidic environment. Here, we propose a hybrid method to simulate interfacial flows with insoluble surfactants. The immiscible two-phase flow is solved by an improved lattice Boltzmann colour-gradient model which incorporates a Marangoni stress resulting from non-uniform interfacial tension, while the convection–diffusion equation which describes the evolution of surfactant concentration in the entire fluid domain is solved by a finite difference method. The lattice Boltzmann and finite difference simulations are coupled through an equation of state, which describes how surfactant concentration influences interfacial tension. Our method is first validated for the surfactant-laden droplet deformation in a three-dimensional (3D) extensional flow and a 2D shear flow, and then applied to investigate the effect of surfactants on droplet dynamics in a 3D shear flow. Numerical results show that, at low capillary numbers, surfactants increase droplet deformation, due to reduced interfacial tension by the average surfactant concentration, and non-uniform effects from non-uniform capillary pressure and Marangoni stresses. The role of surfactants on the critical capillary number ( $Ca_{cr}$ ) of droplet breakup is investigated for various confinements (defined as the ratio of droplet diameter to wall separation) and Reynolds numbers. For clean droplets, $Ca_{cr}$ first decreases and then increases with confinement, and the minimum value of $Ca_{cr}$ is reached at a confinement of 0.5; for surfactant-laden droplets, $Ca_{cr}$ exhibits the same variation in trend for confinements lower than 0.7, but, for higher confinements, $Ca_{cr}$ is almost a constant. The presence of surfactants decreases $Ca_{cr}$ for each confinement, and the decrease is also attributed to the reduction in average interfacial tension and non-uniform effects, which are found to prevent droplet breakup at low confinements but promote breakup at high confinements. In either clean or surfactant-laden cases, $Ca_{cr}$ first remains almost unchanged and then decreases with increasing Reynolds number, and a higher confinement or Reynolds number favours ternary breakup. Finally, we study the collision of two equal-sized droplets in a shear flow in both surfactant-free and surfactant-contaminated systems with the same effective capillary numbers. It is identified that the non-uniform effects in the near-contact interfacial region immobilize the interfaces when two droplets are approaching each other and thus inhibit their coalescence.
Modeling post-techmapping and post-clustering FPGA circuit depth (2009)

This paper presents an analytical model that relates FPGA architectural parameters to the expected speed of FPGA implementation. More precisely, the model relates the lookup-table size, cluster size, and number of inputs per cluster to the depth of the circuit after technology mapping and after clustering. Comparison to experimental results with large MCNC circuits shows that our models are accurate. We show how the models can be used in FPGA architectural investigations to complement the more usual experimental approach.
Management of Triplet Energy and Charge-Transport Properties of Hosts by CN Position Engineering (2019)

Novel hosts strategically designed to have high triplet energy and bipolar carrier-transport features were derived by substituting carbazole and CN-modified carbazole at the ortho position of the ortho-connected biphenyl core with a CN functional group. The position of the CN unit in the biphenyl core was controlled, and the effect of the CN position on the photophysical properties and device performances of the blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) was studied. The CN substitution position changed the dihedral angle between the aromatic units of the host materials, which managed the singlet energy, triplet energy, and carrier-transport properties of the hosts. Four hosts were synthesized to study the effect of the CN substitution position, and the hosts with the CN unit at a sterically hindered position increased the triplet energy, whereas the hosts with the CN unit at other positions with less steric hindrance improved the charge-transport properties. The management of the CN position could increase the triplet energy of the hosts over 3.0 eV, and the best blue PHOLED showed over 20% external quantum efficiency.
Heterogeneous combination for compact integrated diversity multi-antenna system (2007)

In this paper, we present a compact co-located multi- antenna system suitable for integration into mobile terminal. The primary idea of this design is a close combination of a Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) and a radiating notch preserving high isolation. Both simulated and measured radio characteristics are discussed. Design keys are given for bandwidth, efficiency and compactness. Diversity performances are evaluated through effective gain and envelope correlation in typical indoor and outdoor mobile environments considering various polarization conditions. The proposed multi-antenna system is compared with canonical solutions for polarization diversity and shows better diversity performances for mitigating fading or Multiple Input Multiple Output MIMO schemes. (7 pages)
RIP4 upregulates CCL20 expression through STAT3 signalling in cultured keratinocytes (2018)

The receptor-interacting protein kinase 4 (RIP4), a serine/threonine kinase, is an important modulator of epidermal growth and cutaneous inflammation. We found that RIP4 expression was significantly increased in the lesional skin of psoriasis. However, the role and regulatory mechanism of RIP4 in psoriasis have not been characterized. After treatment with IL-17, RIP4 mRNA and protein levels were increased in HaCaT cells. IL-17 also activated the RIP4 promoter. To understand the functional role of RIP4 in keratinocyte and to investigate the genes regulated by RIP4, RNA-based microarray analysis was performed. Among immune response-related genes, CCL20 expression was significantly changed by RIP4. To identify RIP4-interacting protein, an immunoprecipitation assay was performed. As a result, STAT3 was identified as a new protein that interacts with RIP4. The interaction of RIP4 and STAT3 enhanced STAT3 phosphorylation. In addition, the transcriptional activity of STAT3 induced by RIP4 regulated IL-17-mediated CCL20 expression in HaCaT cells. Taken together, these findings indicate that IL-17 increased RIP4-mediated STAT3 phosphorylation by directly interacting with STAT3. Thus, transcriptional activation of STAT3 promotes the expression of CCL20. Thus, activations of these signalling pathways by RIP4 may contribute to epithermal inflammation in psoriatic keratinocytes.
Cleavage-Mediated Regulation of Myd88 Signaling by Inflammasome-Activated Caspase-1 (2022)

Coordination among multiple signaling pathways ensures an appropriate immune response, where a signaling pathway may impair or augment another signaling pathway. Here, we report a negative feedback regulation of signaling through the key innate immune mediator MyD88 by inflammasome-activated caspase-1. NLRP3 inflammasome activation impaired agonist- or infection-induced TLR signaling and cytokine production through the proteolytic cleavage of MyD88 by caspase-1. Site-specific mutagenesis was used to identify caspase-1 cleavage site within MyD88 intermediary segment. Different cleavage site location within MyD88 defined the functional consequences of MyD88 cleavage between mouse and human cells. LPS/monosodium urate-induced mouse inflammation model corroborated the physiological role of this mechanism of regulation, that could be reversed by chemical inhibition of NLRP3. While Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain released by MyD88 cleavage additionally contributed to the inhibition of signaling, Waldenström's macroglobulinemia associated MyD88<sup>L265P</sup> mutation is able to evade the caspase-1-mediated inhibition of MyD88 signaling through the ability of its TIR<sup>L265P</sup> domain to recruit full length MyD88 and facilitate signaling. The characterization of this mechanism reveals an additional layer of innate immunity regulation.
The Direct Amino Acid Catalyzed Asymmetric Incorporation of Molecular Oxygen to Organic Compounds. (2004)

We have disclosed the direct catalytic incorporation of &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; to aldehydes. The unprecedented amino acid-catalyzed asymmetric α-oxidation of aldehydes with molecular oxygen or air proceeded with high chemoselectivity and was a direct entry for the synthesis of both enantiomers of terminal diols. The results demonstrated that simple amino acids accomplished catalytic asymmetric oxidations with molecular oxygen or air, which has previously been considered to be in the domain of enzymes and chiral transition-metal complexes. The efficiency of the catalytic process may warrant the existence of an ancient pathway for the synthesis of hydroxylated organic compounds.
Dyslipidämie und Veränderungen der Darmmorphologie und des Darmmikrobioms im Tiermodell des akzelerierten Typ 1 Diabetes (2016)

Fragestellung: In der non obese diabetic (NOD) Maus, einem Tiermodell des Typ 1 Diabetes (T1D), bewirkt eine Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 Defizienz eine beschleunigte Entwicklung des Insulinmangeldiabetes durch bislang unbekannte Mechanismen. Da der TLR4 als Rezeptor für freie Fettsäuren (FA) und bakterielle Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) an der Kontrolle des Metabolismus sowie der Interaktion des Organismus mit seiner mikrobiellen Umgebung beteiligt ist, prüften wir die Hypothese, dass das Fehlen des TLR4 mit gastrointestinalen Abnormalitäten einhergeht, die zu einer Beschleunigung des Insulinmangeldiabetes beitragen können.
Device and circuit-level performance of carbon nanotube field-effect transistor with benchmarking against a nano-MOSFET (2012)

The performance of a semiconducting carbon nanotube (CNT) is assessed and tabulated for parameters against those of a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). Both CNT and MOSFET models considered agree well with the trends in the available experimental data. The results obtained show that nanotubes can significantly reduce the drain-induced barrier lowering effect and subthreshold swing in silicon channel replacement while sustaining smaller channel area at higher current density. Performance metrics of both devices such as current drive strength, current on-off ratio (Ion/Ioff), energy-delay product, and power-delay product for logic gates, namely NAND and NOR, are presented. Design rules used for carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNTFETs) are compatible with the 45-nm MOSFET technology. The parasitics associated with interconnects are also incorporated in the model. Interconnects can affect the propagation delay in a CNTFET. Smaller length interconnects result in higher cutoff frequency.
A Broadband Coaxial to Stripline Transition for Millimeter-wave LTCC Circuit Applications (2023)

This paper proposes a broadband coaxial to stripline transition for 5G millimeter-wave (mm-wave) band using low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) technology. The proposed structure is specifically designed for Surface-Mount-Device (SMD) coaxial connectors. A back-to-back configuration has been designed and fabricated using a 5-layer LTCC stack and two SMD mini-SMP connectors. Measurements were carried out between 100 MHz and 34 GHz and the results show good agreement with the simulations, with a loss better than 0.7dB for a single transition over the entire range of the operating frequency.
Extraction of auditory features and elicitation of attributes for the assessment of multichannel reproduced sound (2006)

Udgivelsesdato: 15.09.06
A Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis relA deletion mutant and a 35 kDa major membrane protein elicit development of cytotoxic T lymphocytes with ability to kill intracellular bacteria (2018)

Efforts to develop live attenuated vaccines against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map), using indirect methods to screen Map deletion mutants for potential efficacy, have not been successful. A reduction in the capacity to survive in macrophages has not predicted the ability of mutants to survive in vivo. Previous studies for screening of three deletion mutants in cattle and goats revealed one mutant, with a deletion in relA (ΔMap/relA), could not establish a persistent infection. Further studies, using antigen presenting cells (APC), blood dendritic cells and monocyte derived DC, pulsed with ΔMap/relA or a 35 kDa Map membrane protein (MMP) revealed a component of the response to ΔMap/relA was directed towards MMP. As reported herein, we developed a bacterium viability assay and cell culture assays for analysis and evaluation of cytotoxic T cells generated against ΔMap/relA or MMP. Analysis of the effector activity of responding cells revealed the reason ΔMap/relA could not establish a persistent infection was that vaccination elicited development of cytotoxic CD8 T cells (CTL) with the capacity to kill intracellular bacteria. We demonstrated the same CTL response could be elicited with two rounds of antigenic stimulation of APC pulsed with ΔMap/relA or MMP ex vivo. Cytotoxicity was mediated through the perforin granzyme B pathway. Finally, cognate recognition of peptides presented in context of MHC I and II molecules to CD4 and CD8 T cells is required for development of CTL.
Ionic Liquid‐Ionic Liquid Biphasic Systems (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental
A Novel Human Organic Anion Transporter NPT4 Mediates the Transport of Ochratoxin A (2011)

In the present study, we investigated the transport of nephrotoxic mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTxA) by a novel human organic anion transporter hNPT4 using the Xenopus oocyte expression system. hNPT4 mediated time- and concentration-dependent uptake of OTxA (K(m): 802.8 µM) in a pH- and voltage-sensitive manner. Cis-inhibition experiments suggest that the substrate selectivity of hNPT4 is similar to that of hOAT4. The fact that the K(m) of OTxA for the efflux transporter hNPT4 was much higher than those for the uptake transporters hOAT1 and hOAT3 may favor the accumulation of OTxA in the tubular cell and lead to nephrotoxicity.
Prey sensing and response in a nematode-trapping fungus is governed by the MAPK pheromone response pathway (2020)

Detection of surrounding organisms in the environment plays a major role in the evolution of interspecies interactions, such as predator-prey relationships. Nematode-trapping fungi (NTF) are predators that develop specialized trap structures to capture, kill, and consume nematodes when food sources are limited. Despite the identification of various factors that induce trap morphogenesis, the mechanisms underlying the differentiation process have remained largely unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the highly conserved pheromone-response MAPK pathway is essential for sensing ascarosides, a conserved molecular signature of nemaotdes, and is required for the predatory lifestyle switch in the NTF Arthrobotrys oligospora. Gene deletion of STE7 (MAPKK) and FUS3 (MAPK) abolished nematode-induced trap morphogenesis and conidiation and impaired the growth of hyphae. The conserved transcription factor Ste12 acting downstream of the pheromone-response pathway also plays a vital role in the predation of A. oligospora. Transcriptional profiling of a ste12 mutant identified a small subset of genes with diverse functions that are Ste12 dependent and could trigger trap differentiation. Our work has revealed that A. oligospora perceives and interprets the ascarosides produced by nematodes via the conserved pheromone signaling pathway in fungi, providing molecular insights into the mechanisms of communication between a fungal predator and its nematode prey.
Rheological Properties of Cement Pastes with Polycarboxylate Superplasticizers of Varied Backbone Stiffness (2019)

Polycarboxylate (PCE) superplasticizers greatly affect the rheological properties of cementitious materials. Yet, the systematical influence of the PCE structure parameter on the rheological properties of cement paste is not so clear. The authors investigated the effect of backbone methyl group content (backbone stiffness) of PCE samples on the yield stress, residual viscosity, and apparent viscosity of cement pastes at varied water-to-cement ratios (w∶c ratios). An obvious difference was observed at low w∶c ratio, which relied on the particle separation distance H. The solution viscosity affected the apparent viscosity through the contribution to plastic viscosity at low w∶c ratio. At high w∶c ratio, the difference between PCE samples was small at consistent fluidity of cement paste due to consistent packing density and H. At low w∶c ratio, large amount of PCE molecules remained unadsorbed. The value of H approached its largest value and the apparent viscosity of cement pastes depended on the balance effect of H and viscosity of the continuous phase. Due to the high backbone stiffness, PCE of high backbone methyl group content exhibited high adsorption affinity and high solution viscosity, yet a small size of a single molecule after adsorption. At low w∶c ratio, H was small and the solution viscosity was high. The apparent viscosity of cement paste was therefore high.