gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TCP Proxy Bypass (2017)

poster Free Access Share on TCP Proxy Bypass: All the Gain with No Pain! Authors: Giuseppe Siracusano University of Rome, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Tor VergataView Profile , Roberto Bifulco NEC Laboratories Europe NEC Laboratories EuropeView Profile , Stefano Salsano University of Rome, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Tor VergataView Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGCOMM Posters and Demos '17: Proceedings of the SIGCOMM Posters and DemosAugust 2017 Pages 88–90https://doi.org/10.1145/3123878.3131996Published:22 August 2017Publication History 1citation476DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations1Total Downloads476Last 12 Months62Last 6 weeks7 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
A Review on Recent Advances for Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Methanol Using Metal–Organic Framework (MOF) and Non-MOF Catalysts: Challenges and Future Prospects (2018)

Transformation of carbon dioxide into various chemicals including methanol is a top priority field of study owing to the association of CO2 with global warming. There is a need for renewable and sustainable energy sources and replacement of fossil fuel with a fuel having comparable energy density. Electrochemical reduction is a unique approach to convert CO2 to methanol by employing alternative energy sources where electrocatalyst plays a crucial role. A lot of effort is made to understand and increase the efficiency of electrocatalysts. Unadulterated metals, metal oxide, composite materials, and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are employed for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to methanol. However, MOFs engrossed the enormous consideration due to simplicity, higher surface area, and unique structural features. In recent years, MOFs and their derivatives find significant applications in the electrocatalysis of oxygen and hydrogen evolution, oxygen, hydrogen, and CO2 reduction. The primary emphasis of the current review is the electroreduction of CO2 to methanol by coalescing the vantages of non-MOFs, MOFs, and their composite materials. The challenges to achieve electrocatalyst with higher efficiency and better selectivity for the electroreduction of CO2 are analyzed. Several research directions are proposed for MOF electrocatalysts to enhance the catalytic efficiency in methanol production. This review substantiates the efforts to develop new MOFs with superior efficiency, chemical stability, and conductivity.
Inferring Environmental Interactions of Soft Everting Robots From Acoustic Signals (2023)

Acoustic signals can be used to detect environmental interactions of everting tube robots. This experiment distinguishes differences in pressure and audio signals in tubes freely everting through different-sized tunnels, with acoustic signal measurement ranging from 0–10 kHz. Pressure rises when transitioning to smaller tunnels and drops when transitioning to larger tunnels. Audio becomes louder when transitioning to larger tunnels and quieter when transitioning to smaller tunnels. Audio FFTs and spectrograms also show distinguishable eversion sounds and clear evidence of tunnel transitions. Time data suggests that reliable time series models could be created to detect tunnel transitions. Frequency data also suggests that a reliable image-analysis model could be created to detect tunnel transitions.
Transformation of carrots with mutant acetolactate synthase for Orobanche (broomrape) control (2002)

Parasitic Orobanche spp are major constraints to vegetable crop production in the Mediterranean basin (to eastern Europe) and in localized places in India, China and the USA. Transgenic target-site herbicide resistance (eg, to acetolactate synthase inhibitors) allows for movement of unmetabolized herbicide through the crop to the photosynthate sink in the parasite, as well as through the soil. We report the successful engineering of a mutant acetolactate synthase (ALS) gene into carrot, allowing control of broomrape already in heterozygotes of the first back-crossed generation, by imazapyr, an imidazolinone ALS inhibitor. It is expected that homozygotes will have higher levels of resistance.
KIDNEY FUNCTION AFTER 1:1 CONVERSION TO THE CYCLOSPORINE MICROEMULSION FORMULATION IN CHILDREN WITH LIVER ALLOGRAFTS (1997)

One-to-one conversion can be performed safely in liver transplant recipients if strict follow-up is feasible.
Comparative Analysis of Regulatory Elements between Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae by Genome-Wide Transcription Start Site Profiling (2012)

Genome-wide transcription start site (TSS) profiles of the enterobacteria Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were experimentally determined through modified 5' RACE followed by deep sequencing of intact primary mRNA. This identified 3,746 and 3,143 TSSs for E. coli and K. pneumoniae, respectively. Experimentally determined TSSs were then used to define promoter regions and 5' UTRs upstream of coding genes. Comparative analysis of these regulatory elements revealed the use of multiple TSSs, identical sequence motifs of promoter and Shine-Dalgarno sequence, reflecting conserved gene expression apparatuses between the two species. In both species, over 70% of primary transcripts were expressed from operons having orthologous genes during exponential growth. However, expressed orthologous genes in E. coli and K. pneumoniae showed a strikingly different organization of upstream regulatory regions with only 20% identical promoters with TSSs in both species. Over 40% of promoters had TSSs identified in only one species, despite conserved promoter sequences existing in the other species. 662 conserved promoters having TSSs in both species resulted in the same number of comparable 5' UTR pairs, and that regulatory element was found to be the most variant region in sequence among promoter, 5' UTR, and ORF. In K. pneumoniae, 48 sRNAs were predicted and 36 of them were expressed during exponential growth. Among them, 34 orthologous sRNAs between two species were analyzed in depth, and the analysis showed that many sRNAs of K. pneumoniae, including pleiotropic sRNAs such as rprA, arcZ, and sgrS, may work in the same way as in E. coli. These results reveal a new dimension of comparative genomics such that a comparison of two genomes needs to be comprehensive over all levels of genome organization.
Flexible active-matrix organic light-emitting diode display enabled by MoS 2 thin-film transistor (2018)

Atomically thin molybdenum disulfide (MoS<sub>2</sub>) has been extensively investigated in semiconductor electronics but has not been applied in a backplane circuitry of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display. Its applicability as an active drive element is hampered by the large contact resistance at the metal/MoS<sub>2</sub> interface, which hinders the transport of carriers at the dielectric surface, which in turn considerably deteriorates the mobility. Modified switching device architecture is proposed for efficiently exploiting the high-<i>k</i> dielectric Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> layer, which, when integrated in an active matrix, can drive the ultrathin OLED display even in dynamic folding states. The proposed architecture exhibits 28 times increase in mobility compared to a normal back-gated thin-film transistor, and its potential as a wearable display attached to a human wrist is demonstrated.
Bridging the gap from AI ethics research to practice (2020)

The study of fairness in machine learning applications has seen significant academic inquiry, research and publication in recent years. Concurrently, technology companies have begun to instantiate nascent program in AI ethics and product ethics more broadly. As a result of these efforts, AI ethics practitioners have piloted new processes to evaluate and ensure fairness in their machine learning applications. In this session, six industry practitioners, hailing from LinkedIn, Yoti, Microsoft, Pymetrics, Facebook, and Salesforce share insights from the work they have undertaken in the area of fairness, what has worked and what has not, lessons learned and best practices instituted as a result.
PbTe–PbSnS2 thermoelectric composites: low lattice thermal conductivity from large microstructures (2012)

Recent advances in the field of thermoelectrics have shown embedding appropriate nanostructures can significantly suppress the lattice thermal conductivity and therefore enhance ZT. Here we report a new class of thermoelectric composites of PbTe–PbSnS2. PbSnS2 is a naturally layered material (space group Pnma) comprised of Sn–Pb bilayers approximately 0.6 nm in thickness. High resolution transmission electron microscopy reveals the PbSnS2 segregates into coherent lamellar structures 50–100 nm in thickness that extend 100 nm to 15 μm in length. Despite the relatively large size of the PbSnS2 precipitates, we find that incorporation of PbSnS2 in PbTe results in significant reduction in lattice thermal conductivity to 0.4–0.65 W m−1 K−1 over the temperature range 300–700 K, a reduction of 50–70% over bulk PbTe. As a result, a maximum ZT of 1.1 is obtained for ingot samples of the PbTe–PbSnS2 6% composition. We provide extensive characterization of the physical, structural, and chemical properties of this materials system including powder X-ray diffraction, infrared reflectivity, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and thermoelectric properties measurements. The synthesis method is simple and general, opening possibilities for similar systems to yield materials exhibiting low lattice thermal conductivity without it being necessary to embed nanoscale (5–20 nm) features.
Simultaneous turbulence mitigation and channel demultiplexing for two 100  Gbit/s orbital-angular-momentum multiplexed beams by adaptive wavefront shaping and diffusing (2019)

We experimentally demonstrate simultaneous turbulence mitigation and channel demultiplexing in a 200 Gbit/s orbital-angular-momentum (OAM) multiplexed link by adaptive wavefront shaping and diffusing (WSD) the light beams. Different realizations of two emulated turbulence strengths (the Fried parameter ${r_0} = 0.4,\,1.0\;{\rm mm}$r<sub>0</sub>=0.4,1.0mm) are mitigated. The experimental results show the following. (1) Crosstalk between OAM $l = + 1$l=+1 and $l = - 1$l=-1 modes can be reduced by $ {\gt} {10.0}$>10.0 and $ {\gt} {5.8}\;{\rm dB}$>5.8dB, respectively, under the weaker turbulence (${r_0} = 1.0\;{\rm mm}$r<sub>0</sub>=1.0mm); crosstalk is further improved by $ {\gt} {17.7}$>17.7 and $ {\gt} {19.4}\;{\rm dB}$>19.4dB, respectively, under most realizations in the stronger turbulence (${r_0} = 0.4\;{\rm mm}$r<sub>0</sub>=0.4mm). (2) The optical signal-to-noise ratio penalties for the bit error rate performance are measured to be ${\sim}{0.7}$∼0.7 and ${\sim}{1.6}\;{\rm dB}$∼1.6dB under weaker turbulence, while measured to be ${\sim}{3.2}$∼3.2 and ${\sim}{1.8}\;{\rm dB}$∼1.8dB under stronger turbulence for OAM $l = + 1$l=+1 and $l = - 1$l=-1 mode, respectively.
Abstract 1399: Discovery and development of PARP inhibitor senaparib (2022)

Abstract Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is a key enzyme for DNA repair. PARP inhibitors have been shown to be effective against cancers with DNA repair defects, such as with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. Several PARP inhibitors, including olaparib, rucaparib, niraparib, talazoparib, fluzoparib and pamiparib have been approved for the treatment of several types of cancer. In this presentation, we will report our discovery and development of senaparib (IMP4297) as a potent PARP inhibitor. We will present studies led to the identification of senaparib as a clinical candidate, as well as IND enabling in vitro and in vivo characterization of senaparib. Preclinical data indicated that senaparib had a wide therapeutic window (single agent effective dose of 2.5-21 mg/kg QD, in a BRCA1 mutated MDA-MB-436 human breast cancer xenograft model), which was confirmed in clinical studies (effective dose of 20-120 mg QD, and no DLT was found up to 150 mg QD). Senaparib is currently in several phase I/II, phase II and phase III clinical studies for the treatment of multiple tumor types either as single agent or in combination with temozolomide (TMZ). The most advanced study of senaparib is a phase III study as maintenance therapy in platinum-sensitive advanced ovarian cancer patients following first-line chemotherapy (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04169997). Citation Format: Sui Xiong Cai, Ning Ma, Xiaozhu Wang, Yangzhen Jiang, Mingchuan Guo, Chih-Yi Hsieh, Ye Edward Tian. Discovery and development of PARP inhibitor senaparib [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1399.
Edge displacement field-based classification for improved detection of polyps in CT colonography (2002)

Colorectal cancer can easily be prevented provided that the precursors to tumors, small colonic polyps, are detected and removed. Currently, the only definitive examination of the colon is fiber-optic colonoscopy, which is invasive and expensive. Computed tomographic colonography (CTC) is potentially a less costly and less invasive alternative to FOC. It would be desirable to have computer-aided detection (CAD) algorithms to examine the large amount of data CTC provides. Most current CAD algorithms have high false positive rates at the required sensitivity levels. We developed and evaluated a postprocessing algorithm to decrease the false positive rate of such a CAD method without sacrificing sensitivity. Our method attempts to model the way a radiologist recognizes a polyp while scrolling a cross-sectional plane through three-dimensional computed tomography data by classification of the changes in the location of the edges in the two-dimensional plane. We performed a tenfold cross-validation study to assess its performance using sensitivity/specificity analysis on data from 48 patients. The mean specificity over all experiments increased from 0.19 (0.35) to 0.47 (0.56) for a sensitivity of 1.00 (0.95).
General Systems Theory: A Brief Commentory* (1979)

* At the broadest level, a general system might be considered as man's interrelationship with the total universe. The general system theorist attempts to describe in an increasingly comprehensive manner man's interrelationship with the vastness of the universe. General systems and creativity relate in the way that each deals with seeing the totality of a situation. Creative problem‐solving processes develop ways of gaining new insights or perspectives as to how seemingly unassociated factors are relevently related to a problem. Similarly, the general system approach attempts to gain the most comprehensive view of a set of circumstances by interrelating them in new and meaningful ways.
Micro/Nano Fabrication of Periodic Hierarchical Structures by Multi‐Pulsed Laser Interference Structuring (2007)

Hierarchical structures resulting from the combination of interfering laser beams, and laser-induced periodical surface structure (LIPSS) where fabricated on an Al layer over Au-substrate using 355 nm laser irradiation. The effect of beam polarization and number of laser pulses hitting the sample are described.
Search for Pair Production of First-Generation Scalar Leptoquarks inppCollisions ats=7  TeV (2011)

A search for pair production of first-generation scalar leptoquarks is performed in the final state containing two electrons and two jets using proton-proton collision data at √s = 7 TeV. The data sample used corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 33 pb⁻¹ collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. The number of observed events is in good agreement with the predictions for the standard model background processes, and an upper limit is set on the leptoquark pair production cross section times β² as a function of the leptoquark mass, where β is the branching fraction of the leptoquark decay to an electron and a quark. A 95% confidence level lower limit is set on the mass of a first-generation scalar leptoquark at 384 GeV for β = 1, which is the most stringent direct limit to date.
The Case for Robust Adaptation: Autonomic Resource Management is a Vulnerability (2019)

Autonomic resource management for distributed edge computing systems provides an effective means of enabling dynamic placement and adaptation in the face of network changes, load dynamics, and failures. However, adaptation in-and-of-itself offers a side channel by which malicious entities can extract valuable information. An attacker can take advantage of autonomic resource management techniques to fool a system into misallocating resources and crippling applications. Using a few scenarios, we outline how attacks can be launched using partial knowledge of the resource management substrate - with as little as a single compromised node. We argue that any system that provides adaptation must consider resource management as an attack surface. As such, we propose ADAPT <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , a framework that incorporates concepts taken from Moving-Target Defense and state estimation techniques to ensure correctness and obfuscate resource management, thereby protecting valuable system and application information from leaking.
Novel Antifungal Compounds Discovered in Medicines for Malaria Venture’s Malaria Box (2018)

Similarities in fungal and animal cells make antifungal discovery efforts more difficult than those for other classes of antimicrobial drugs. Currently, there are only three major classes of antifungal drugs used for the treatment of systemic fungal diseases: polyenes, azoles, and echinocandins. Even in situations where the offending fungal organism is susceptible to the available drugs, treatment courses can be lengthy and unsatisfactory, since eradication of infection is often very difficult, especially in individuals with impaired immunity. Consequently, there is a need for new and more effective antifungal drugs. We have identified compounds with significant antifungal activity in the Malaria Box (Medicines for Malaria Ventures, Geneva, Switzerland) that have higher efficacy than some of the currently used antifungal drugs. Our best candidate, MMV665943 (IUPAC name 4-[6-[[2-(4-aminophenyl)-3H-benzimidazol-5-yl]methyl]-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl]aniline), here referred to as DM262, showed 16- to 32-fold-higher activity than fluconazole against <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>. There was also significant antifungal activity in other fungal species with known antifungal resistance, such as <i>Lomentospora prolificans</i> and <i>Cryptococcus gattii</i>. Antifungal activity was also observed against a common fungus, <i>Candida albicans</i>. These results are important because they offer a potentially new class of antifungal drugs and the repurposing of currently available therapeutics. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> Much like the recent increase in drug-resistant bacteria, there is a rise in antifungal-resistant strains of pathogenic fungi. There is a need for novel and more potent antifungal therapeutics. Consequently, we investigated a mixed library of drug-like and probe-like compounds with activity in <i>Plasmodium</i> spp. for activity against two common fungal pathogens, <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i>, along with two less common pathogenic species, <i>Lomentospora prolificans</i> and <i>Cryptococcus gattii</i>. We uncover a previously uncharacterized drug with higher broad-spectrum antifungal activity than some current treatments. Our findings may eventually lead to a compound added to the arsenal of antifungal therapeutics.
<title>F<formula><inf><roman>2</roman></inf></formula>-laser systems prepared for advanced applications at 157 nm</title> (2003)

Today the molecular fluorine (F<sub>2</sub>) laser emitting at a wavelength of 157 nm represents the strongest commercially available coherent light source in the vacuum-ultraviolet spectral range. Lambda Physik produces a broad variety of F<sub>2</sub>-Lasers which cover a wide range of output power (from less than 1 W to more than 20 W), repetition rate (from less than 100 Hz to more than 4 kHz) and single pulse energy (from less than 1 mJ to more than 30 mJ). The parameters of each of these kinds of F<sub>2</sub>-lasers are designed and suitable for specific fields of application. In the paper we will review the main parameters of these different types of F<sub>2</sub>-lasers, compare their special features and discuss the principle applications they are used for. The low energy, medium repetition rate is basically used for metrology and calibration tasks, the high energy or high repetition rate and high power F<sub>2</sub>-laser systems are mainly used for material investigations and in a growing extent for 157 nm-micromachining. Lithography tools use the high repetition rate, high power single-line F<sub>2</sub>-laser systems. All of these scientific or industrial applications take advantage of the unique properties of the 157 nm radiation, i.e. the ultra-short wavelength of emission and the very high photon energy of nearly 8 eV. Thus, very precise and fine microstructuring in the micrometer range is possible and the 157 nm optical lithography is on target for critical dimensions of integrated circuits below 70 nm. The short pulse duration and high photon energy also enables efficient and exactly located icroscopic ablation of most critical materials without thermal impact on the surrounding area. In the last part of the paper some recent results on F<sub>2</sub>-laser development and an outlook on future products will be given.
Tribopolymer film formation on sliding electrical contacts exposed to siloxanes (2022)

Investigations of mechanical shear driven organic film formation, or tribofilms, on catalytic metal surfaces in sliding electrical contacts date back to Hermance and Egan's seminal work on mated palladium contacts. In this report we describe investigations of tribofilm formation from outgassing epoxy vapors, consisting of multiple siloxane species, and from isolated constituent species including octamethyltrisiloxane (OMTS). Experiments performed in varying vapor concentrations of OMTS resulted in the formation of tribopolymer films with similar morphology and impact on electrical contact resistance (ECR) as previously published results of sliding electrical contacts in similar conditions submerged in higher molecular weight polymethyldisiloxane (PDMS) fluid. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy was used to confirm the characteristic signatures of siloxanes and silanes in tribopolymer deposits found in wear scars formed in OMTS. Comparisons to prior studies also showed that the films formed from outgassing epoxy vapor constituents (including OMTS and a multitude of other species) have similar characteristics to the silicon-carbon-oxygen (Si-C-O) films previously found to form in high molecular weight PDMS fluid-filled devices. Tribopolymer formation was demonstrated for a range of electrical contact alloy mated pairs (Paliney-7, Neyoro-G, NiPtRe). Experiments in increasing concentrations of OMTS vapor showed that a persistent tribofilm is rapidly formed under cyclic sliding contact shear that can interrupt electrical current, with a formation rate that increases with increasing concentration. Overall, this work demonstrates the ease with which trace organics can promote the formation of insulating tribopolymer films in electrical contacts and factors that can influence their growth.