gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Understanding Organics in Meteorites and the Pre-Biotic Environment (2003)

(1) Refinement of the analytic capabilities of our experiment via characterization of molecule-specific response and the effects upon analysis of the type of sample under investigation; (2) Measurement of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with high sensitivity and spatial resolution within extraterrestrial samples; (3) Investigation of the interstellar reactions of PAHs via the analysis of species formed in systems modeling dust grains and ices; (4) Investigations into the potential role of PAHs in prebiotic and early biotic chemistry via photoreactions of PAHs under simulated prebiotic Earth conditions. To meet these objectives, we use microprobe laser-desorption, laser-ionization mass spectrometry (MuL(exp 2)MS), which is a sensitive, selective, and spatially resolved technique for detection of aromatic compounds. Appendix A presents a description of the MuL(exp 2)MS technique. The initial grant proposal was for a three-year funding period, while the award was given for a one-year interim period. Because of this change in time period, emphasis was shifted from the first research goal, which was more development-oriented, in order to focus more on the other analysis-oriented goals. The progress made on each of the four research areas is given below.
Monomeric uranyl alkoxide and amide complexes (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMonomeric uranyl alkoxide and amide complexesC. J. Burns, D. C. Smith, A. P. Sattelberger, and H. B. GrayCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 18, 3724–3727Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00044a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00044a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views242Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Are physiotherapists adhering to quality indicators for the management of knee osteoarthritis? An observational study (2017)

status: Published
Analysis of the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project Experiment on the Electhophoretic Separation of Fixed Red Blood Cells (1978)

Abstract The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) carried out in July, 1975 included an electrophoretic separation experiment of biological cells (MA-011). The nature of these experiments was to determine if biological separations could be carried out in space under microgravity conditions and with better resolution than obtainable on earth. The experiments consisted of a series of static and isotacho electrophoresis experiments in which mixtures of aldehyde-fixed red blood cells, B and T lymphocytes, and urokinase producing kidney cells were separated. The separation results of the aldehyde-fixed rabbit, human and horse red blood cells, which were taken in the form of photographs taken at three-minute intervals in columns 1 and 5, are the subject of this report.
100 Gb/s optical discrete multi-tone transceivers for intra- and inter-datacenter networks (2016)

Discrete multi-tone (DMT) technology is an attractive modulation technology for short-reach application due to its high spectral efficiency and simple configuration. In this paper, we first explain the features of DMT technology then discuss the impact of fiber dispersion and chirp on the frequency responses of the DMT signal and the importance in the relationship between chirp and the optical transmission band. Next, we explain our experiments of 100-Gb/s DMT transmission of 10 km in the O-band using directly modulated lasers for low-cost application. In an inter-datacenter network of more than several tens of kilometers, fiber dispersion mainly limits system performance. We also discuss our experiment of 100-Gb/s DMT transmission up to 100 km in the C-band without a dispersion compensator by using vestigial sideband spectrum shaping and nonlinear compensation.
Nanomaterial-Based Sensor Array Signal Processing and Tuberculosis Classification Using Machine Learning (2023)

Tuberculosis (TB) has long been recognized as a significant health concern worldwide. Recent advancements in noninvasive wearable devices and machine learning (ML) techniques have enabled rapid and cost-effective testing for the real-time detection of TB. However, small datasets are often encountered in biomedical and chemical engineering domains, which can hinder the success of ML models and result in overfitting issues. To address this challenge, we propose various data preprocessing methods and ML approaches, including long short-term memory (LSTM), convolutional neural network (CNN), Gramian angular field-CNN (GAF-CNN), and multivariate time series with MinCutPool (MT-MinCutPool), for classifying a small TB dataset consisting of multivariate time series (MTS) sensor signals. Our proposed methods are compared with state-of-the-art models commonly used in MTS classification (MTSC) tasks. We find that lightweight models are more appropriate for small-dataset problems. Our experimental results demonstrate that the average performance of our proposed models outperformed the baseline methods in all aspects. Specifically, the GAF-CNN model achieved the highest accuracy of 0.639 and the highest specificity of 0.777, indicating its superior effectiveness for MTSC tasks. Furthermore, our proposed MT-MinCutPool model surpassed the baseline MTPool model in all evaluation metrics, demonstrating its viability for MTSC tasks.
Pharmacokinetics of Gingerols, Shogaols, and Their Metabolites in Asthma Patients (2022)

6-Gingerol and 6-shogaol are the most abundant gingerols and shogaols in ginger root and have been shown to reduce the asthmatic phenotype in murine models of asthma. Several studies have described the pharmacokinetics of gingerols and shogaols in humans following the oral ingestion of ginger, while little was known about the metabolism of these components in humans, particularly in patients with asthma. In this study, a dietary supplement of 1.0 g of ginger root extract was administered to asthma patients twice daily for 56 days and serum samples were drawn at 0.5-8 h on days 0, 28, and 56. The metabolic profiles of gingerols and shogaols in human plasma and the kinetic changes of gingerols, shogaols, and their metabolites in asthma patients collected on the three different visits were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Ketone reduction was the major metabolic pathway of both gingerols and shogaols. Gingerdiols were identified as the major metabolites of 6-, 8-, and 10-gingerols. M11 and M9 were identified as the double-bond reduction and both the double-bond and ketone reduction metabolites of 6-shogaol, respectively. Cysteine conjugation was another major metabolic pathway of 6-shogaol in asthma patients, and two cysteine-conjugated 6-shogaol, M1 and M2, were identified as the major metabolites of 6-shogaol. Furthermore, gingerols, shogaols, and their metabolites were quantitated in the human serum collected at different time points during each of the three visits using a very sensitive high-resolution LC-MS method. The results showed that one-third of 6-gingerol was metabolized to produce its reduction metabolites, 6-gingerdiols, and more than 90% of 6-shogaol was metabolized to its phase I and cysteine-conjugated metabolites, suggesting the importance of considering the contribution of these metabolites to the bioavailability and health beneficial effects of gingerols and shogaols. All gingerols, shogaols, and their metabolites reached their peak concentrations in less than 2 h, and their half-lives (<i>t</i><sub>1/2</sub>) were from 0.6 to 2.4 h. Furthermore, long-term treatment of ginger supplements, especially after 56 days of treatment, increases the absorption of ginger compounds and their metabolites in asthma patients.
Epilepsy seizure prediction using graph theory (2014)

Seizures due to Hippocampal origins are very common amongst epileptic patients. This article presents a novel seizure prediction approach based on graph theory. The early identification of seizure signature allows for various preventive measures to be undertaken. The proposed approach consists of observing a high correlation level between any pair of electrodes along with voltage peaks in the Delta frequencies. Statistical analysis tools were used to determine threshold levels for this frequency sub-band. A graph topology involving IEEG electrodes characterizes seizure signatures for each patient. In order to validate the proposed approach, six patients from both sexes and various age groups with temporal epilepsies originating from the hippocampal area were studied. An average seizure prediction of 30 minutes, a detection accuracy of 72%, and a false positive rate of 0% were accomplished throughout 200 hours of recording time.
Design Insights to Address Low Current ESD Failure and Power Scalability Issues in High Voltage LDMOS-SCR Devices (2020)

Power-scalability issues for longer pulse duration discharges (PW>100ns) in high voltage LDMOS-SCR devices is evaluated. The severity of the problem with increasing LDMOS voltage classes is highlighted with a need for newer design strategies. A systematic design approach is presented to evaluate the effect of different design parameters on LDMOS filament and SCR turn-on near the snapback region. Finally design guidelines are presented to improve the power scalability without compromising on its ON-state DC (functional) and Safe Operating Area (SOA) characteristics.
PREPARATION OF MACROPOROUS PDMS SPONGES DECORATED WITH CARBON NANOTUBES FOR CONDUCTOMETRIC PRESSURE/STRAIN SENSORS (2016)

In this work a novel top-down approach for the synthesis of macroporous PDMS (mpPDMS) sponges decorated with pristine multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is presented. The mpPDMS-CTN sponges are subjected to different characterizations aimed at investigating morphological, mechanical, and electrical properties of this novel porous semi- conducting material. The mpPDMS-CNT sponges are then used to prepare low cost conductometric pressure/strain sen- sors with high performance in terms of large dynamic range (strain 0-80%, pressure 0-1.22 kPa), low limit of detection (strain 0.01%, pressure 0.14 Pa), limited electrical and mechanical hysteresis (max value of 17.7 and 16%, respectively at strain of 60%), good reliability.
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF THERMAL CONVECTION OF A FLUID WITH INCLINED AXIS OF ROTATION USING GALERKIN METHOD (2016)

technique is carried out for finding the effect of axis of rotation and limiting condition of temperature gradient being oblique to gravity on the stability of fluids saturating porous medium. Various cases of fluids having large and small Prandtl number have been studied which tend to destabilize the system by stationary and oscillatory modes.. Brinkman and Darcy models are used for large and small permeabilities respectively. Numerical calculations are made to indicate the effect of inclination of axis of rotation on setting up of thermo convective instability.
Reprogramming cell fates: insights from combinatorial approaches (2012)

Epigenetic reprogramming can be achieved in different ways, including nuclear transfer, cell fusion, or the expression of transcription factors (TFs). Combinatorial overexpression provides an opportunity to define the minimal core network of TFs that instructs specific cell fates. This approach has been employed to induce mouse and human pluripotency and differentiated cell types from cells that can be also as distant as cells from different germ layers. This suggests the possibility that any specific cell type may be directly converted into another if the appropriate reprogramming TF core is determined. Herein, we review the factors used for reprogramming multiple cell identities and raise the question of whether there is a common underlying blueprint for reprogramming factors. In addition to the generation of human cell types of interest for cell-replacement therapies, we propose that the TF-mediated conversion of differentiated cell types, especially somatic stem cells, will have an impact on our understanding of their biological development.
Sound Organization by Source Models in Humans and Machines (2006)

When extracting information from simultaneous sound sources, listeners successfully exploit many different factors spanning spatial location and source characteristics. I will argue that detailed constraints on the form of particular source signals are being employed, and that this therefore is an important direction for research into automatic sound organization systems, in applications ranging from speech separation to environmental sound classification to music understanding.
Impacting HCI by using visual UI characteristics to adapt users ? solving strategies to the nature of tasks (2014)

International audience
Automated gross tumor volume contour generation for large‐scale analysis of early‐stage lung cancer patients planned with 4D‐CT (2020)

A method to generate a GTV from an iGTV and 4D-CT dataset was developed. This method facilitates data analysis of patients with early-stage lung cancer treated in the routine setting, that is, data mining, prognostic modeling, and radiomics. Generation failure detection removes the need for visual assessment of all contours, reducing a time-consuming aspect of big-data analysis. Favorable prognostic performance of generated GTV volumes over iGTV ones demonstrates opportunities to use this methodology for future study.
Effects of drought, transgenic expression of a fructan synthesizing enzyme and of mycorrhizal symbiosis on growth and soluble carbohydrate pools in tobacco plants (1999)

The effects of three conditions likely to affect soluble carbohydrate pools, namely drought, expression of barley sucrose: fructan 6‐fructosyl transferase (6‐SFT, EC 2.4.1.10) and the establishment of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis with Glomus mosseae were studied in a multifactorial experiment using tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum ). Tobacco, a plant naturally unable to form fructan, accumulated fructan in leaves, and to a larger extent in the roots, when transformed with 6‐SFT. Under drought conditions, growth was considerably reduced, but neither expression of 6‐SFT nor mycorrhiza formation had an effect on growth rate. However, in response to drought, carbon partitioning was significantly altered towards accumulation of soluble sugars. In plants exposed to drought, pools of sucrose were greater than those of unstressed plants, particularly in their roots. In the transgenic plants expressing 6‐SFT, there were also increased contents of the products of 6‐SFT, namely fructan, most probably because of the increased availability of the substrate, sucrose. These effects were the same in the presence or absence of mycorrhiza. Hexoses (glucose and fructose) also increased in response to drought, primarily in the leaves. This effect of drought was little affected by the expression of 6‐SFT, except that it slightly enhanced drought‐induced glucose accumulation in roots. However, the presence of mycorrhiza led to a considerable reduction in drought‐induced accumulation of hexoses in the leaves. The content of the fungal disaccharide trehalose was greatly increased in the roots of all mycorrhizal plants upon exposure to drought, particularly in some of the transgenic plants expressing 6‐SFT.
Synthesis of Monoalkoxide Monopyrrolyl Complexes Mo(NR)(CHR‘)(OR‘ ‘)(pyrrolyl):  Enyne Metathesis with High Oxidation State Catalysts [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 12654−12655] (2007)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionSynthesis of Monoalkoxide Monopyrrolyl Complexes Mo(NR)(CHR‘)(OR‘ ‘)(pyrrolyl): Enyne Metathesis with High Oxidation State Catalysts [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 12654−12655]Rojendra Singh, Richard R. Schrock, Peter Müller, and Amir H. HoveydaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 51, 16278Publication Date (Web):November 30, 2007Publication History Published online30 November 2007Published inissue 1 December 2007https://doi.org/10.1021/ja078211sCopyright © 2007 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views555Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (18 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Online sketching of big categorical data with absent features (2015)

With the scale of data growing every day, reducing the dimensionality (a.k.a. sketching) of high-dimensional vectors has emerged as a task of increasing importance. Relevant issues to address in this context include the sheer volume of data vectors that may consist of categorical (meaning finite-alphabet) features, the typically streaming format of data acquisition, and the possibly absent features. To cope with these challenges, the present paper brings forth a novel rank-regularized maximum likelihood approach that models categorical data as quantized values of analog-amplitude features with low intrinsic dimensionality. This model along with recent online rank regularization advances are leveraged to sketch high-dimensional categorical data ‘on the fly.’ Simulated tests with synthetic as well as real-world datasets corroborate the merits of the novel scheme relative to state-of-the-art alternatives.
Solution-processed InGaZnO-based thin film transistors for printed electronics applications (2009)

This letter reports the utility of using the sol-gel process for exploring the library of multicomponent ZnO-based oxides as an active layer of thin film transistors. We chose InGaZnO as a starting material and modulated the Ga content to examine the potential of this material. Increasing the Ga ratio from 0.1 to 1 brought about a dynamic shift in the electrical behavior from conductor to semiconductor. This exploratory work critically helped us fabricate a device with robust device performance (a mobility of 1∼2 cm2 V−1 s−1 for the 400 °C-sintered samples and 0.2 cm2 V−1 s−1 for the 300 °C-sintered samples).
Reducing the Complexity of Debugging Parallel REPLICA Programs with Pluggable Abstraction Patterns (2013)

Traditional debuggers focus on a single thread at a time or are better suited for concurrent programming with a low number of interacting threads and/or distributed memory, making it hard to monitor a massively data-parallel program on a shared memory multi-core system. This work considers a globally step-synchronous model of computation. Compared to contemporary multi-core processors with indeterministic thread models, it significantly improves the language’s safety guarantees, the easiness of programming and parallel debugging while also enabling a more efficient group synchronization. An implementation of the model is utilized by the REPLICA many-core processor. The contribution of this work is to introduce a new, modular way of extending the debugger with pluggable abstraction patterns. Given a language which supports user defined control abstractions, the library code and its semantics while debugging can be defined in tandem without modifying the compiler toolchain. We identify a set of preliminary parallel programming abstractions relevant to debugging from the high level language, analyze the mismatch between the intent deducable from the resulting runtime code and the original source, and suggest ways for implementing the plugin framework along with a plugin sample for a core language feature.
Pulse-Field-Assisted Wafer Bonding for Silicon on Insulator (1992)

We have developed a pulse-field-assisted bonding technique to give void-free, low-temperature wafer bonding for SOI (silicon on insulator). We bonded a pair of oxided wafers by applying pulses of a few hundred volts across the wafers at 800°C in a 0.1 Pa nitrogen ambient. To reduce the volatile materials on the surfaces of wafers, which cause voids at low temperature, we heated the wafers at reduced pressure. The impulsive electrostatic force deforms the insulating oxide and allows bonding despite surface roughness and wafer warpage. Our pulse-field-assisted bonding reduces both the bonding temperature and time. We obtained a bond strength of over 1700 kgf/cm 2 after thermal treatment at 800°C for 1 min. This paper also discusses surface roughness, voids, and bond strength.
CINSTIM: the Southampton Cochlear Implant-Neural Network Simulation and Stimulation framework: implementation advances of a new, neural net-based speech-processing concept. (1995)

CINSTIM, a powerful experimental CI tool based on a new, neural net-based robust speech-processing concept, has been implemented. The software package provides a user-friendly GUI. The implementation is block-oriented. That provides flexibility and the option of replacing or exchanging particular blocks for later modifications or extensions. With the first successful and promising patient test we have demonstrated the possibility of applying ANNs to CI speech processing (Leisenberg and Southgate, this suppl, section 16).
Rigor, Relevance and Impact (2019)

As an interdisciplinary field, CHI embraces diverse research practices ranging from controlled lab experiments to field studies in homes and communities. While quantitative research in the lab emphasizes the scientific rigor for testing hypotheses, qualitative research in the wild maximizes the understanding of contexts of using technologies. Furthermore, each type of research inherently makes its impact in different ways. This panel invites researchers with varied backgrounds to talk about the tensions and trade-offs between research in the lab and in the wild, in aspects of scientific rigor, real-world relevance and impact. The goal is to enhance the mutual understanding between researchers with diverged values and practices within the CHI community.