gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electronic structure and Schottky-barrier formation on GaAs (100) surfaces prepared by thermal desorption of a protective arsenic coating (1992)

Soft-x-ray photoemission spectroscopy has been used to characterize GaAs(100) surfaces and interfaces grown by molecular-beam epitaxy and prepared by the thermal desorption of a protective As coating. The samples studied were grown and arsenic capped identically to those used in a previous study [Brillson et al., J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 6, 1263 (1988)]. In this previous work, ``unpinned'' Schottky-barrier formation was reported, with barrier heights over a wide (0.75-eV) range. This is a striking result, as it was previously believed that all metals will pin GaAs surfaces in a narrow energy range near the middle of the band gap. This large range of barrier heights later led to the suggestion that the (100) surface could become an insulating layer that could screen out the effects of metal-induced gap states. Motivated by this work, we have studied Al and Au Schottky barriers since the deposition of these two metals gave the extreme low and high barriers in the 0.75-eV range. We have also characterized the clean surfaces prepared by desorbing the As caps at different temperatures. The As 3d and Ga 3d core levels showed that the surface stoichiometry could be varied significantly with the desorption temperature. The As 3d line shape was found to be the best indication of the surface stoichiometry after the anneal. The valence-band spectra did not show any strong features which could be used to determine when the sample was completely decapped. The electronic structure of the surface layer was investigated experimentally, and no evidence of an insulating reconstruction was found. In our study of band bending, we found that the low-doped samples used here and in the earlier study showed significant photovoltages resulting in incorrect band-bending measurements. We also found that the Au measurements are made difficult by the presence of core-level shifts due to Au-Ga alloying. After solving the problems with the photovoltages and alloying, we found that the barriers heights for Au and Al differ by only 0.25 eV.
PREPARATIONS FOR TAI-PINGDOM (2010)

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Toxicity of metal–organic framework nanoparticles: from essential analyses to potential applications (2022)

This tutorial review highlights the key aspects of nanotoxicity and the importance of its systematic assessment for metal–organic framework (MOF) nanoparticles to pave the way towards their potential applications in a safe and sustainable manner.
PET‐CT Imaging of Polymeric Nanoparticle Tumor Accumulation in Patients (2022)

Several FDA/EMA-approved nanomedicines have demonstrated improved pharmacokinetics and toxicity profiles compared to their conventional chemotherapeutic counterparts. The next step to increase therapeutic efficacy depends on tumor accumulation, which can be highly heterogeneous. A clinical tool for patient stratification is urgently awaited. Therefore, a docetaxel-entrapping polymeric nanoparticle (<sup>89</sup> Zr-CPC634) is radiolabeled, and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging is performed in seven patients with solid tumors with two different doses of CPC634: an on-treatment (containing 60 mg m<sup>-2</sup> docetaxel) and a diagnostic (1-2 mg docetaxel) dose (NCT03712423). Pharmacokinetic half-life for <sup>89</sup> Zr-CPC634 is mean 97.0 ± 14.4 h on-treatment, and 62.4 ± 12.9 h for the diagnostic dose (p = 0.003). At these doses accumulation is observed in 46% and 41% of tumor lesions with a median accumulation in positive lesions 96 h post-injection of 4.94 and 4.45%IA kg<sup>-1</sup> (p = 0.91), respectively. In conclusion, PET/CT imaging with a diagnostic dose of <sup>89</sup> Zr-CPC634 accurately reflects on-treatment tumor accumulation and thus opens the possibility for patient stratification in cancer nanomedicine with polymeric nanoparticles.
On the exoneration of Dr. William H. Stewart: debunking an urban legend (2019)

Abstract Background It is one of the most infamous quotes in the history of biomedicine: “It is time to close the book on infectious diseases, and declare the war against pestilence won.” Long attributed to the United States Surgeon General, Dr. William H. Stewart (1965-1969), the statement is frequently used as a foil by scientific and lay authors to underscore the ever-increasing problems of antibiotic-resistant and emerging infections. However, the primary source for the quote has never been identified. Methods We undertook a comprehensive search of multiple databases encompassing medical literature, news articles, and congressional records to attempt to identify sources for the quote. Results No source of the quote was identified. However, a trail of source documents was identified that clearly serves as the basis for subsequent, incorrect attribution of the quote to Dr. Stewart. In multiple source documents, Dr. Stewart made statements to the opposite effect, clearly recognizing that infectious diseases had not been conquered. The urban legend was created by a combination of lack of primary witnesses to the originating speech, misunderstanding of points made by Dr. Stewart in the speech, and increasing societal concern about emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. Conclusions Attribution to Dr. Stewart of a belief that it was time to close the book on infectious diseases is an urban legend; he never made any such statement. Numerous other verifiable sources, however, confirm that other people in academia adopted this belief. Dr. Stewart should no longer be cited in this regard, and should be replaced with verifiable sources.
An Implantable Synthetic SPECT Lesion: A Bridge from Phantom to Reality (2007)

A reusable, synthetic SPECT lesion was constructed and implanted in the femur of a living mouse. The synthetic lesion is useful for the development of imaging schemes and for more realistically evaluating imaging-system performance in the context of a living animal.
ChemInform Abstract: Inter‐ and Intramolecular Reactions of Epoxides and Aziridines with π‐Nucleophiles (2010)

Abstract Review: 246 refs.
P3‐465: Oral treatment with the amyloid‐beta oligomer precipitating substance D3 improves pathology of Alzheimer's transgenic mice (2010)

Today, only palliative therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD) are available. Several lines of evidence suggest that the amyloid-β-peptide (Aβ) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of AD. Not only Aβ fibrils, but also small soluble Aβ oligomers in particular are suspected to be the major toxic species responsible for disease development and progression. We successfully tested Aβ binding D-peptides in AD transgenic mouse models regarding their therapeutic properties. Additionally, we used several biophysical and biochemical methods for the elucidation of the possible mechanism. The present study reports on in vitro and in vivo properties of the Aβ targeting D-enantiomeric amino acid peptide “D3”. We show that next to plaque load and inflammation reduction, oral application of the peptide improved the cognitive performance of AD transgenic mice. In addition, we provide in vitro data elucidating a novel potential mechanism underlying the observed in vivo activity of D3. The D-enantiomeric peptide D3 is able to modulate Aβ42 oligomerization in vitro. Regardless of its in vivo mechanism of action, D3 exerts therapeutically interesting activities.
Short‐Range Wireless Communications (2008)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Integrative and Cooperative Aspects of Short-range Communications: Technologies, Designing Rules and Trends Ultra Wideband Radio over Optical Fibre Work in Progress Acknowledgements References
Microwave phase retardation in saturated InGaAs photodetectors (2006)

Under high optical fluence, the time-domain saturation of photodetectors is observed by a broadened peak as well as an increase in fall time. As the intensity of an optical pulse train of 2-ps pulses at 1 GHz is increased, an InGaAs p-i-n photodetector moves from an unsaturated to a saturated regime. The resulting electrical pulse's centroid moves later in time as the optical fluence is increased. This pulse centroid motion during photodetector saturation fits a linear shift in the detected phase of the microwave oscillator impressed upon the optical carrier producing an amplitude-to-phase converter
Enhancement of thermomechanical properties of sulfur-rich polymers by post-thermal treatment (2023)

A simple and facile processing strategy to enhance the thermomechanical properties of sulfur-rich polymers has been reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Conversion of 2′,3′‐Dideoxydidehydro Carbocyclic Nucleosides into 2′‐Deoxy Carbocyclic Nucleosides. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
High Quality Down-Sampling for Deterministic Approaches to Stochastic Computing (2018)

Deterministic approaches to stochastic computing (SC) have been recently proposed to remove the random fluctuation and correlation problems of SC and so produce completely accurate results with stochastic logic. For many applications of SC, such as image processing and neural networks, completely accurate computation is not required for all input data. Decision-making on some input data can be done in a much shorter time using only a good approximation of the input values. While the deterministic approaches to SC are appealing by generating completely accurate results, the cost of precise results makes them energy inefficient for the cases when slight inaccuracy is acceptable. In this work, we propose a high quality down-sampling method for previously proposed deterministic approaches to SC by generating pseudo-random-but accurate-stochastic bit-stream. The result is a much better accuracy for a given number of input bits. Experimental results show that the processing time and the energy consumption of these deterministic methods are improved up to 61 and 41 percent, respectively, while allowing a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.1 percent, and up to 500X and 334X improvement, respectively, for an MAE of 3.0 percent. The accuracy and the energy consumption are also improved compared to conventional random stream-based stochastic implementations.
ChemInform Abstract: Diborylenetetraaminoperylenes (DIBOTAP): A New Class of Highly Fluorescent Functional Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with N—B—N Units. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
<title>2000 Fps Solid-State Image Sensor</title> (1983)

We describe a very high-speed image sensor for image recording at up to 2,000 full or 12,000 partial frames per second. The sensor consists of a 192 V x 248 H array of photo-capacitors. For high-speed operation, the image-sensing area is divided into six blocks, each block having 32 parallel outputs. The blocks are addressed sequentially, and the 32 outputs are sensed simultaneously. The sensor dynamic range is 46 dB at 2,000 fps. Spectral sensitivity, noise, and spatial resolution are discussed.
Gait adaptations before and after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery (1997)

Gait analyses of rehabilitated individuals with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency and reconstruction have identified the final adaptations of increased hip extensor torque and hamstring electromyography (EMG) and decreased knee extensor torque and quadriceps EMG during stance. The initial adaptations to injury and surgery are, however, unknown as are the factors that influence the development of the adaptations. Identification of the initial response to injury would provide a basis for determining whether the final adaptations are learned automatically or if they are the result of a lengthy training period in which various factors may affect their development. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the initial effects of ACL injury and reconstruction surgery on joint kinematics, kinetics, and energetics, during walking. Injured limbs from nine subjects with ACL injury were tested 2 wk after injury, and 3 and 5 wk after surgery. Ten healthy subjects were tested. Kinematic and ground reaction data were collected and combined with inverse dynamics to calculate the joint torques and powers. A knee extensor torque throughout most of stance was observed in the injured limbs at all test sessions. This result was in conflict with previous observations of reduced extensor torque or a flexor torque in rehabilitated patients with ACL reconstruction and patients with ACL deficiency. This result also differed from the typical midstance extensor then flexor torque in healthy control subjects. Trend analysis showed a significant (P < 0.001) change in average position at the hip and knee, extensor angular impulse at the hip, and positive work done at the hip 3 wk after surgery followed by a partial rehabilitation at 5 wk after surgery. Power and work produced at the knee were reduced fivefold (P < 0.001) after 5 wk of rehabilitation and did not recover to pre-surgical levels. The existence of a long-lasting knee extensor torque 2 wk after injury indicated that the adaptation process to ACL deficiency is lengthy, requiring many gait cycles, and that numerous factors could be involved in learning the adaptations.
Efficient and Chemoselective Surface Immobilization of Proteins by Using Aniline‐Catalyzed Oxime Chemistry (2009)

Site-specific immobilization of peptides and proteins is crucial to ensure their functionality in surface-based assays. We report the use of aniline-catalyzed oxime ligations as a very efficient and broadly applicable method to covalently attach the N terminus of proteins and peptides to a surface functionalized with alkoxy-amine groups.
Rapid calcium-dependent activation of Aurora-A kinase (2010)

Oncogenic hyperactivation of the mitotic kinase Aurora-A (AurA) in cancer is associated with genomic instability. Increasing evidence indicates that AurA also regulates critical processes in normal interphase cells, but the source of such activity has been obscure. We report here that multiple stimuli causing release of Ca(2+) from intracellular endoplasmic reticulum stores rapidly and transiently activate AurA, without requirement for second messengers. This activation is mediated by direct Ca(2+)-dependent calmodulin (CaM) binding to multiple motifs on AurA. On the basis of structure-function analysis and molecular modelling, we map two primary regions of CaM-AurA interaction to unfolded sequences in the AurA N- and C-termini. This unexpected mechanism for AurA activation provides a new context for evaluating the function of AurA and its inhibitors in normal and cancerous cells.
Phase 2 study of the safety and efficacy of umbralisib in patients with CLL who are intolerant to BTK or PI3Kδ inhibitor therapy (2020)

Intolerance is the most common reason for kinase inhibitor (KI) discontinuation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Umbralisib, a novel highly selective phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase δ (PI3Kδ)/CK1ε inhibitor, is active and well tolerated in CLL patients. In this phase 2 trial (NCT02742090), umbralisib was initiated at 800 mg/d in CLL patients requiring therapy, who were intolerant to prior BTK inhibitor (BTKi) or PI3K inhibitor (PI3Ki) therapy, until progression or toxicity. Primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary end points included time to treatment failure and safety. DNA was genotyped for CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and CYP2D6 polymorphisms. Fifty-one patients were enrolled (44 BTKi intolerant and 7 PI3Kδi intolerant); median age was 70 years (range, 48-96), with a median of 2 prior lines of therapy (range, 1-7), 24% had del17p and/or TP53 mutation, and 65% had unmutated IGHV. Most common adverse events (AEs) leading to prior KI discontinuation were rash (27%), arthralgia (18%), and atrial fibrillation (16%). Median PFS was 23.5 months (95% CI, 13.1-not estimable), with 58% of patients on umbralisib for a longer duration than prior KI. Most common (≥5%) grade ≥3 AEs on umbralisib (all causality) were neutropenia (18%), leukocytosis (14%), thrombocytopenia (12%), pneumonia (12%), and diarrhea (8%). Six patients (12%) discontinued umbralisib because of an AE. Eight patients (16%) had dose reductions and were successfully rechallenged. These are the first prospective data to confirm that switching from a BTKi or alternate PI3Ki to umbralisib in this BTKi- and PI3Ki-intolerant CLL population can result in durable well-tolerated responses.
Therapeutic effects of TP5, a Cdk5/p25 inhibitor, in in vitro and in vivo models of Parkinson’s disease (2021)

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disease. Current treatments for PD are symptomatic and only increase striatal dopamine levels. Proactive neuroprotective approaches that slow the progression of PD and maintain appropriate dopamine neuron populations are needed to treat the disease. One suggested mechanism contributing to the pathology of PD involves the binding of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) to p25, creating a hyperactivated complex to induce cell death. The objective of this study is to investigate the neuroprotective and neurorestorative properties of Truncated Peptide 5 (TP5), a derivative of the p35 activator involved in Cdk5 regulation, via the inhibition of Cdk5/p25 complex function. <i>SH-SY5Y</i> cell line and the nematode <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> were exposed to paraquat (PQ), an oxidative stressor, to induce Parkinsonian phenotypes. TP5 was administered prior to PQ exposure to determine its neuroprotective effects and, in further experiments, after PQ exposure to examine its neurorestorative effects. In the <i>SH-SY5Y</i> cell line, TP5 was found to have neuroprotective effects using a cell viability assay and demonstrated neuroprotective and neurorestorative effects in <i>C. elegans</i> by examining dopaminergic neurons and dopamine-dependent behaviour. TP5 decreased elevated Cdk5 activation in worms that were exposed to PQ. TP5's inhibition of Cdk5/p25 hyperactivity led to the protection of dopamine neurons in these PD models. This suggests that TP5 can act as a potential therapeutic drug towards PD.
Översikt av mikrovågsbaserad diagnostik för brösttumörer och stroke (2017)

Forskningsomradet mikrovagsavbildning inom medicinen introducerades redan pa 1980-talet av Larsen och Jacobi [1]. Objektet var en hundnjure nedsankt i en mikrovagsabsorberande vatska (bolus) for at ...
Infrared data link using a multiple quantum well modulating retro-reflector on a small rotary-wing UAV (2002)

Describes a recent demonstration of an optical data link between a small rotary-wing unmanned airborne vehicle (UAV) and a ground based laser interrogator using the NRL multiple quantum well modulating retro-reflector (MRR). MRR systems couple an optical retro-reflector, such as a corner-cube, and an electro-optic shutter to allow two-way optical communications using a laser, telescope and pointer-tracker, all on one platform. The NRL MRR uses a semiconductor based multiple quantum well (MQW) shutter capable of modulation rates above 1 Mbps. The MQW modulating retro-reflector has the advantages of being compact, lightweight, and very low power. Up to an order of magnitude in onboard power can be saved using a small array of these devices instead of the RF equivalent. In the demonstration a 400 Kbps optical link to a flying UAV at a range of 100-200 feet was shown. The device itself is capable of over 6 Mbps.
Wireless ATM Switches (2001)

Chapter 12 covers mobility-support ATM switches. It first gives an overview of various reference configurations for wireless ATM networks, wireless-specific protocol layers, and handoff and rerouting schemes. It then describes a mobility-support ATM switch architecture that can prevent cell loss or out of sequence during handoff.
Clinical evaluation of intervention in patients of secundum atrial septal defect with atrial septal aneurysm (2011)

Objective To observe the feasibility, safety and efficacy of interventional treatment in patients of secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) with atrial septal aneurysm (ASA). Methods 189 patients of ASD with ASA (82 males and 107 females, average age (30.2±15.8) years, range 10–68 years old) were selected by the clinical, ECG, x-ray, transthoracic electrocardiogram (TEE) examination from January 2003 to April 2011 in our hospital. Diameter of ASD were 4–38 (22±8) mm measured by TTE maximum from different facets, 178 patients with single-hole type, porous type in 11 cases, Amptatzer occluders were used under the guidance of the TTE, followed up for 12 months. Results 189 patients were occluded successfully, occluder diameter of 8–42 (24±4) mm, 8 cases with porous type were selected just a occluder, 3 cases with 2 defect holes occluded successfully by two occluders, no significant residual shunt and occluder loss immediately and followed up for 12 months, size of atrioventricular reduced. Conclusion Occluder used in patients of secundum atrial septal defect with atrial septal aneurysm is feasible, safe and efficient.
Operational characteristics of a double-spiral heat exchanger for the catalytic incineration of contaminated air (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOperational characteristics of a double-spiral heat exchanger for the catalytic incineration of contaminated airMark R. Strenger, Stuart W. Churchill, and William B. RetallickCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1990, 29, 9, 1977–1984Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00105a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00105a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views190Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Molecular Profiling of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Circulating Cell-Free DNA (2019)

This study represents the first large-scale analysis of blood-derived ctDNA in HCC in United States. The genomic distinction based on HCC risk factors and the high percentage of potentially actionable genomic alterations suggests potential clinical utility for this technology.