gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transparent Tx and Rx Waveform Processing for 5G New Radio Mobile Communications (2018)

Several different waveform processing techniques have been studied and proposed for the 5G new radio (NR) physical layer, to support new mixed numerology and asynchronous services. The evaluation and comparison of these different techniques is commonly based on matched waveform processing in the transmitter and receiver units. In this article, it is shown that different techniques can be flexibly mixed, allowing to separately optimize complexity-performance trade-offs for transmitter and receiver implementations. Mixing of different waveform processing techniques is possible by setting adequate requirements for transmitter and receiver baseband processing allowing transparent design. The basic framework of how transmitter and receiver units can be independently applied and evaluated in the context of transparent design and an extensive set of examples of the achievable radio link performance with unmatched transmitter and receiver waveform processing are provided. The discussed approach and solutions simplify standardization, improve transparent transmitter and receiver coexistence, and allow future-proof evolution path for performance improvements in 5G NR physical layer hardware and algorithm design.
Axial Ligation Equilibria and Dynamics in a Redox Polyether Hybrid:  An Fe Tetraphenylporphyrin Melt (1998)

Pyridine axial ligation is investigated in a molten Fe tetraphenylporphyrin fashioned by attaching oligomeric (MW 550) ethylene glycol chains at the p-phenyl ring positions ([Fe(T550PP)Cl]). Dissolution of LiClO4 electrolyte renders the highly viscous, room-temperature melt (0.40 M in porphyrin sites) modestly ionically conductive, so that microelectrode voltammetry can be employed to follow axial pyridine ligation in a thin film of Fe porphyrin melt resting on the electrode assembly. Introduction of pyridine at the gas/melt interface produces distinctive changes in the microelectrode voltammetry, from which relative populations of chloride and pyridine-coordinated Fe(III) porphyrin can be measured and equilibrium constants for ligation of the Fe(III) and Fe(II) oxidation states estimated. Removal of the pyridine at the porphyrin melt/gas interface causes dissociation of the ligating pyridine in an overall process that has a time constant on the order of 5−10 min at 25 °C.
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis ino1 gene is essential for growth and virulence (2003)

Inositol is utilized by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the production of its major thiol and of essential cell wall lipoglycans. We have constructed a mutant lacking the gene encoding inositol-1-phosphate synthase (ino1), which catalyses the first committed step in inositol synthesis. This mutant is only viable in the presence of extremely high levels of inositol. Mutant bacteria cultured in inositol-free medium for four weeks showed a reduction in levels of mycothiol, but phosphatidylinositol mannoside, lipomannan and lipoarabinomannan levels were not altered. The ino1 mutant was attenuated in resting macrophages and in SCID mice. We used site-directed mutagenesis to alter four putative active site residues; all four alterations resulted in a loss of activity, and we demonstrated that a D310N mutation caused loss of the active site Zn2+ ion and a conformational change in the NAD+ cofactor.
Status and Prognosis for Solid-State Lighting Technology (2009)

Sustained improvements in epitaxial materials, device design, and packaging have positioned light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as the solution for future lighting needs worldwide. State- of-the-art LED performance is reviewed along with discussion of challenges and future outlook.
Optimal congestion bit setting in a flow control scheme using neural networks (2002)

We describe a neural network-based technique for optimal congestion bit setting in a binary feedback flow control scheme for computer networks. This technique employs the sensitivity of the system performance to generate feedback from the network to the data sources. The optimal direction for rate adjustment at the source is based on a single bit feedback signal from the network which depends upon the sign of the sensitivity of the system performance index with respect to the network queue input rate. Simulation results are presented to show the performance of this gradient-based technique compared to the conventional queue-based approach for congestion detection.
Remarkable Order of a High-Performance Polymer (2013)

We directly image the rich nanoscale organization of the high performance, n-type polymer poly{[N,N'-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-naphthalene-1,4,5,8-bis(dicarboximide)-2,6-diyl]-alt-5,5'-(2,2'-bithiophene)} (P(NDI2OD-T2)) using a combination of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy. We demonstrate that it is possible to spatially resolve "face-on" lamella through the 2.4 nm alkyl stacking distance corresponding to the (100) reflection. The lamella locally transition between ordered and disordered states over a length scale on the order of 10 nm; however, the polymer backbones retain long-range correlations over length-scales approaching a micrometer. Moreover, we frequently observe overlapping structure implying a number of layers may exist throughout the thickness of the film (~20 nm). The results provide a simple picture, a highly ordered lamella nanostructure over nearly the entire film and ordered domains with overlapping layers providing additional interconnectivity, which unifies prior seemingly contradictory conclusions surrounding this remarkable, high-mobility material.
Generation of Light Scattering States in Cholesteric Liquid Crystals by Optically Controlled Boundary Conditions (2013)

Circularly polarized light was previously employed to stimulate the reversible and reconfigurable writing of scattering states in cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) cells constructed with a photosensitive layer. Such dynamic photodriven responses have utility in remotely triggering changes in optical constructs responsive to optical stimulus and applications where complex spatial patterning is required. Writing of scattering regions required the handedness of incoming radiation to match the handedness of the CLC and the reflection bandwidth of the CLC to envelop the wavelength of the incoming radiation. In this paper, the mechanism of transforming the CLC into a light scattering state via the influence of light on the photosensitive alignment layer is detailed. Specifically, the effects of: (i) the polarization state of light on the photosensitive alignment layer; (ii) the exposure time; and (iii) the incidence angle of radiation on domain formation are reported. The photogenerated light-scattering domains are shown to be similar in appearance between crossed polarizers to a defect structure that occurs at a CLC/air interface (i.e., a free CLC surface). This observation provides strong indication that exposure of the photosensitive alignment layer to the circularly polarized light of appropriate wavelength and handedness generates an out-of-plane orientation leading to a periodic distortion of the original planar structure.
Soret Effect of Nonionic Surfactants in Water Studied by Different Transient Grating Setups (2008)

We studied the thermal diffusion behavior of the nonionic surfactant solutions C 12E 6/water and C 12E 5/water at different concentrations and temperatures using thermal diffusion forced Rayleigh scattering (TDFRS). Two different types of TDFRS setups have been applied. In the classical TDFRS, we use an argon laser to write the optical grating into the sample by using a small amount of ionic dye to convert the optical grating into a temperature grating. In the other setup, called IR-TDFRS, we use an infrared laser as the writing beam, which utilizes the water absorption band to convert the optical grating into a temperature grating. The measurements by IR-TDFRS show a one-mode signal for all concentrations and temperatures, while the signal in the classical TDFRS consists of two modes for higher temperatures and lower surfactant concentrations (Ning, H.; et al. J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110, 10746). We find good agreement between the Soret coefficient determined in the IR-TDFRS and the one derived from the first fast mode in the previous studies. The Soret coefficient of the nonionic solutions is positive and enhanced at the critical point. In general, the Soret coefficient of the micelles tends to increase with temperature. We found that the presence of the second mode observed in the classical TDFRS is related to the addition of the ionic dye, but even with the ionic dye it is not possible to observe a second mode in the IR-TDFRS. The origin of the second mode is discussed in terms of charged micelles and an inhomogenous dye distribution in the temperature gradient.
Post-compression of multi-mJ picosecond pulses to few-cycles approaching the terawatt regime (2023)

Advancing ultrafast high-repetition-rate lasers to shortest pulse durations comprising only a few optical cycles while pushing their energy into the multi-millijoule regime opens a route towards terawatt-class peak powers at unprecedented average power. We explore this route via efficient post-compression of high-energy 1.2 ps pulses from an Ytterbium InnoSlab laser to 9.6 fs duration using gas-filled multi-pass cells (MPCs) at a repetition rate of 1 kHz. Employing dual-stage compression with a second MPC stage supporting a close-to-octave-spanning bandwidth enabled by dispersion-matched dielectric mirrors, a record compression factor of 125 is reached at 70% overall efficiency, delivering 6.7 mJ pulses with a peak power of about 0.3 TW. Moreover, we show that post-compression can improve the temporal contrast at picosecond delay by at least one order of magnitude. Our results demonstrate efficient conversion of multi-millijoule picosecond lasers to high-peak-power few-cycle sources, opening up new parameter regimes for laser plasma physics, high energy physics, biomedicine and attosecond science.
Evolution of Urticaria Pigmentosa into Indolent Systemic Mastocytosis: Abnormal Immunophenotype of Mast Cells without Evidence of c-kit Mutation ASP-816-VAL (2002)

Mastocytosis comprises a heterogeneous group of hematological disorders which are morphologically defined by proliferation and accumulation of tissue mast cells in one or more organs. Clinical manifestations of mastocytosis range from disseminated maculopapular skin lesions (= urticaria pigmentosa [UP]) that may spontaneously regress to highly aggressive neoplasms like mast cell leukemia or mast cell sarcoma. Recently, it could be shown that systemic mastocytosis (SM) is a clonal disorder often exhibiting mutations of c-kit, a protooncogene encoding the tyrosine kinase receptor for stem cell factor (SCF). Mutations of c-kit are considered to play a key role in the pathogenesis of mastocytosis. Therefore, we investigated the unique case of a 36 year-old male patient with indolent systemic mastocytosis (ISM) evolving from UP (cutaneous mastocytosis) by means of histology, immunophenotyping and molecular biology. At the time of initial diagnosis the bone marrow showed only a mild diffuse increase in mast cells but compact infiltrates were missing. The serum tryptase levels were normal. Five years later, however, the bone marrow histology displayed patchycompact mast cell infiltrates, which now allowed to establish the diagnosis of an ISM. The serum tryptase levels at this time were markedly elevated. At both time points, mast cells were analyzed by immunohistochemistry using anti-tryptase antibody AA1, by flow cytometry using antibodies against CD2 and CD25, and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on laser-microdissected, single pooled mast cells. Immunohistochemistry revealed strong tryptase-positivity of mast cells in both cutaneous and bone marrow infiltrates. Flow cytometry yielded an aberrant expression of CD2 and CD25 on bone marrow mast cells. However, repeated thorough PCR analysis failed to unveil c-kit mutation in atypical mast cells of skin and bone marrow samples of both dates. These findings clearly show that ISM can evolve from UP. Moreover, our study provides further evidence that the c-kit mutation Asp-816-Val is not invariably present in ISM.
Silver and potassium ion-exchanged waveguides in glasses doped with PbS semiconductor quantum dots (2006)

We present a detailed analysis of potassium-sodium and silver-sodium ion-exchange processes for fabricating waveguides in glass doped with PbS semiconductor quantum dots. We compare the propagation losses of these waveguides, and we discuss the sources of these losses. In addition, we demonstrate a fourfold reduction in the propagation loss previously reported for potassium-sodium ion-exchanged waveguides and show that waveguides can be produced at additional quantum-dot resonances using both methods. We show that the near-infrared optical properties of these quantum dots remain intact by comparing the waveguide and bulk (unguided) luminescence spectra. Measurements of the near-field mode profiles show a high level of field confinement, which make these waveguides ideal for nonlinear optical (high-intensity) applications.
Elevated CXCL16 expression by synovial macrophages recruits memory T cells into rheumatoid joints (2005)

These data provide evidence that enhanced production of CXCL16 in RA synovia leads to recruitment of CXCR6+ memory T cells, thereby contributing to the inflammatory cascade associated with RA pathology.
On eigenvalue and capacity distributions of cooperative multi-keyhole propagation channels (2011)

In this contribution, we study the cascaded multi-keyhole channels for cooperative wireless communications through presenting the corresponding channel model. The cascaded Wishart distribution is adopted to investigate the distribution of the eigenvalues of multi-keyhole MIMO channel matrix as well as the capacity of the wireless systems over such channels. An approximation method is presented when estimating the distribution of the largest eigenvalues of channel matrix. The fitness between analytical derivations and simulations validates the proposed models and analysis methods, which provide an important reference for cooperative diversity wireless communications.
Suppression of abdominal aortic aneurysm formation by inhibition of prolyl hydroxylase domain protein through attenuation of inflammation and extracellular matrix disruption (2013)

In the present study we sought to determine the effect of CoCl2, an inhibitor of PHD (prolyl hydroxylase domain protein), on the development of AAA (abdominal aortic aneurysm). AAA was induced in C57BL/6 mice by periaortic application of CaCl2 (AAA group). NaCl (0.9%)-treated mice were used as a sham control (SHAM group). Mice were treated with 0.05% CoCl2 in the drinking water (AAA/CoCl2 group). At 1 and 6 weeks after the operation, aortic tissue was excised for further examination. After 6 weeks of CaCl2 treatment, aortic diameter and macrophage infiltration into the aortic adventitia were increased in the AAA group compared with the SHAM group. Treatment with CoCl2 reduced the aneurysmal size and macrophage infiltration compared with the AAA group. Aortic expression of inflammatory cytokines and MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) and the activities of MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9) and MMP-2 were enhanced in the AAA group and attenuated in the AAA/CoCl2 group. Expression of cytokines and the activities of MMPs were already increased after 1 week of CaCl2 treatment, but were suppressed by CoCl2 treatment in association with reduced NF-κB (nuclear factor κB) phosphorylation. Treatment with CoCl2 in mice prevented the development of CaCl2-induced AAA in association with reduced inflammation and ECM (extracellular matrix) disruption. The results of the present study suggest that PHD plays a critical role in the development of AAA and that there is a therapeutic potential for PHD inhibitors in the prevention of AAA development.
Wavefront modelling of pulse propagation (2007)

Wavefront modelling has been developed for the rapid calculation of receiver waveforms in underwater sound pulse propagation. The method uses a solution of the wave equation which expresses the field as a sum over phase integrals. Each phase integral corresponds to a particular sequence of reflections or turning points and is evaluated analytically by using stationary phase approximations. Each point of stationary phase corresponds to a ray path. Pairs or triplets of stationary phase points correspond to caustics or foci and the phase and amplitude of the field is found directly. The method can handle rapid range dependence such as occurs with surface waves in shallow water and double scattering from the same surface. The method is fast and accurate and examples will be discussed. [Work supported by ONR.]
Telomeres Cluster De Novo before the Initiation of Synapsis: A Three-dimensional Spatial Analysis of Telomere Positions before and during Meiotic Prophase (1997)

We have analyzed the progressive changes in the spatial distribution of telomeres during meiosis using three-dimensional, high resolution fluorescence microscopy. Fixed meiotic cells of maize (Zea mays L.) were subjected to in situ hybridization under conditions that preserved chromosome structure, allowing identification of stage-dependent changes in telomere arrangements. We found that nuclei at the last somatic prophase before meiosis exhibit a nonrandom, polarized chromosome organization resulting in a loose grouping of telomeres. Quantitative measurements on the spatial arrangements of telomeres revealed that, as cells passed through premeiotic interphase and into leptotene, there was an increase in the frequency of large telomere-to-telomere distances and a decrease in the bias toward peripheral localization of telomeres. By leptotene, there was no obvious evidence of telomere grouping, and the large, singular nucleolus was internally located, nearly concentric with the nucleus. At the end of leptotene, telomeres clustered de novo at the nuclear periphery, coincident with a displacement of the nucleolus to one side. The telomere cluster persisted throughout zygotene and into early pachytene. The nucleolus was adjacent to the cluster at zygotene. At the pachytene stage, telomeres rearranged again by dispersing throughout the nuclear periphery. The stage-dependent changes in telomere arrangements are suggestive of specific, active telomere-associated motility processes with meiotic functions. Thus, the formation of the cluster itself is an early event in the nuclear reorganizations associated with meiosis and may reflect a control point in the initiation of synapsis or crossing over.
A Multichannel Pneumatic Analog Control System for Haptic Displays (2021)

Soft robotics use in haptic devices continues to grow, with pneumatic control being a common actuation source. Typical control systems used, however, rely on a digital on/off control allowing only inflation/deflation at a set rate. This limits the degrees of freedom available when designing haptic experiences. We present an alternative system to allow the use of analog control of the pneumatic waveform profiles to design and experiment with haptic devices, and to determine the optimum wave profile for the desired experience. Using a combination of off-the-shelf components and a user interface, our system allows for rapid experimentation with various pressure levels, and the ability to control waveform profiles in a common format such as attack-sustain-release. In this paper, we demonstrate that by altering the attack and release profiles we can create a more pleasant pulsing sensation on the wrist, and a more continuous sensation for communicating movement around the wrist.
Microchip-Based Immunoassay (2007)

マイクロチップ上で免疫化学反応を行うマイクロチップイムノアッセイは，試料•試薬の微量化，短時間測定，操作の簡便性等の利点により，様々な分野での利用が試みられており，既に多くの種類のイムノアッセイが開発されている．マイクロチップイムノアッセイを実施するには，マイクロチップの材質や表面修飾，サンプルの導入•搬送，検出系といった項目を検討しなければならない．また，マイクロチップ上でイムノアッセイの種類に応じた系を構築する必要もある．本稿では，イムノアッセイの種類と分類について説明するとともに，マイクロチップイムノアッセイを開発する際の要点を論述する．更に，最近の論文で報告されたマイクロチップイムノアッセイの実施例についても紹介する．
A general approach for hysteresis-free, operationally stable metal halide perovskite field-effect transistors. (2020)

Despite sustained research, application of lead halide perovskites in field-effect transistors (FETs) has substantial concerns in terms of operational instabilities and hysteresis effects which are linked to its ionic nature. Here, we investigate the mechanism behind these instabilities and demonstrate an effective route to suppress them to realize high-performance perovskite FETs with low hysteresis, high threshold voltage stability (ΔVt &lt; 2 V over 10 hours of continuous operation), and high mobility values &gt;1 cm2/V·s at room temperature. We show that multiple cation incorporation using strain-relieving cations like Cs and cations such as Rb, which act as passivation/crystallization modifying agents, is an effective strategy for reducing vacancy concentration and ion migration in perovskite FETs. Furthermore, we demonstrate that treatment of perovskite films with positive azeotrope solvents that act as Lewis bases (acids) enables a further reduction in defect density and substantial improvement in performance and stability of n-type (p-type) perovskite devices.
Merging metamaterials with quantum photonics (2015)

We have studied the effect of a high photonic density of states provided by a metamaterial environment on the dynamics of nanodiamond based nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers. We have experimentally demonstrated the broadband enhancement of single-photon emission from nanodiamond NV centers coupled to a planar multilayer metamaterial with hyperbolic dispersion. In addition, we have studied the influence of Purcell effect on the fluorescent contrast between the NV center spin states.
New modular manganese(i) tricarbonyl complexes as PhotoCORMs: in vitro detection of photoinduced carbon monoxide release using COP-1 as a fluorogenic switch-on probe (2014)

Five manganese(i) tricarbonyl complexes of the general formulae [Mn(bpea(N=CHC6H4R))(CO)3]PF6 and [Mn(bpea(NHCH2C6H4R))(CO)3]PF6 based on the tridentate bis(pyrazolyl)ethylamine (bpea) ligand, each containing a pendant 4-substituted phenyl group with R = H, I, and C≡C-H, were synthesized and fully characterized, including X-ray structure analysis for three compounds. All complexes are stable in the dark in aqueous buffer for an extended period of time. However, CO-release could be triggered by illumination at 365 nm, establishing these compounds as novel photoactivatable CO-releasing molecules (PhotoCORMs). The influence of the imine vs. amine group in the ligands on the electronic structure and the photophysical behavior was investigated with the aid of DFT and TDDFT calculations. Solution IR studies on selected compounds allowed identification of intermediates resulting from the photoreaction. Finally, light-induced CO release from a model compound was demonstrated both in PBS buffer and in vitro in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) using COP-1 as a fluorescent switch-on probe.