gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Figure 6 from A Compendium of Syngeneic, Transplantable Pediatric High-Grade Glioma Models Reveals Subtype-Specific Therapeutic Vulnerabilities (2023)

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;A&lt;/b&gt;, Left: acid-extracted histone and protein lysates prepared from &lt;i&gt;ex vivo&lt;/i&gt; GS lines derived from the two-hit &lt;i&gt;de novo&lt;/i&gt; models (KP, H3.1KP, KF, and KN) were probed for K27M, K27me3, HA, and total H3.3 levels. NSCs derived from the LRL (LRL NSC) were used as controls. Middle: validation of FGFR1 overexpression in &lt;i&gt;ex vivo&lt;/i&gt; KF cells; GAPDH was used as a loading control. Right: validation of p53 and NF1 downregulation in &lt;i&gt;ex vivo&lt;/i&gt; cells by qRT-PCR. Data are presented as means ± SD from at least &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 3 replicates. ****, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001 and ***, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0003 were calculated using unpaired &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; test and one-way ANOVA. &lt;b&gt;B&lt;/b&gt;, Left: acid-extracted histone and protein lysates prepared from &lt;i&gt;ex vivo&lt;/i&gt; GS lines derived from the three- and four-hit &lt;i&gt;de novo&lt;/i&gt; models (KPP, KPD, KPAP, KPAD, KPPMPIK, H3.1KACVPIK, KNF, KPF, and KPC) were probed for K27M, K27me3, HA, and total H3.3 levels. LRL NSCs were used as controls. Validation of PDGFRA, PPM1D, PIK3CA, ACVR1, FGFR1, and CCND2 overexpression in &lt;i&gt;ex vivo&lt;/i&gt; GS cells; GAPDH and tubulin were used as loading controls. Right: validation of p53, ATRX, and NF1 downregulation in &lt;i&gt;ex vivo&lt;/i&gt; GS cells by qRT-PCR. Data are presented as means ± SD from at least &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 3 replicates. ****, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001 and ***, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0003 were calculated using unpaired &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; test and one-way ANOVA. &lt;b&gt;C,&lt;/b&gt; Left: IHC detection of hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E), GFP, K27M, and Ki-67 in coronal hindbrain sections from orthotopically engrafted, symptomatic mice. Mice were injected in either the pons (H3K27M) or striatum (H3.3G34R) with 150,000 to 300,000 cells from each cell GS cell line (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 5 mice per condition). Tumor cells are GFP&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;. Scale bars, 2 mm. Right: BLI of brainstem tumors in orthotopically engrafted C57BL/6J mice without shaving/depilation using Akaluc imaging. &lt;b&gt;D&lt;/b&gt;, Kaplan–Meier curves depicting survival of mice orthotopically injected with GS cells derived from H3.3&lt;sup&gt;K27M&lt;/sup&gt; (left), H3.1&lt;sup&gt;K27M&lt;/sup&gt; (middle), and H3.3&lt;sup&gt;G34R&lt;/sup&gt; (right) models. Note that the following samples are shown twice in &lt;b&gt;A&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;B&lt;/b&gt;: LRL NSC, KF, and KN; these repetitions are indicated with an asterisk. The sole purpose of this repetition is to make it easier for the reader, by collating all the Western blot (WB) data describing the “two-hit” models in &lt;b&gt;A&lt;/b&gt; and all the WB data describing the “three-hit or more” models in &lt;b&gt;B&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
Nondestructive examination of 51 fuel and reflector elements from Fort St. Vrain Core Segment 1 (1980)

Fifty-one fuel and reflector elements irradiated in core segment 1 of the Fort St. Vrain High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (HTGR) were inspected dimensionally and visually in the Hot Service Facility at Fort St. Vrain in July 1979. Time- and volume-averaged graphite temperatures for the examined fuel elements ranged from approx. 400/sup 0/ to 750/sup 0/C. Fast neutron fluences varied from approx. 0.3 x 10/sup 25/ n/m/sup 2/ to 1.0 x 10/sup 25/ n/m/sup 2/ (E > 29 fJ)/sub HTGR/. Nearly all of the examined elements shrank in both axial and radial dimensions. The measured data were compared with strain and bow predictions obtained from SURVEY/STRESS, a computer code that employs viscoelastic beam theory to calculate stresses and deformations in HTGR fuel elements.
Modification of Ferroelectric Properties of BaTiO3–CoFe2O4 Multiferroic Composite Thin Film by Application of Magnetic Field (2008)

We prepared BaTiO3–CoFe2O4 composite thin film on (La0.5Sr0.5)CoO3/CeO2/YSZ/Si(100) substrate by pulsed laser deposition. Simultaneous epitaxial growths of BaTiO3 and CoFe2O4 were achieved. Reciprocal space map measurement revealed that the lattice parameters of BaTiO3 parallel and perpendicular to the substrate are 0.4239 and 0.4060 nm, respectively. The fact that both lattice parameters are larger than those of the bulk (a = 0.3994, c = 0.4038 nm) suggests that the BaTiO3 film contains a considerable amount of oxygen vacancies, and a relatively large tensile stress is observed along the direction parallel to the substrate. These results indicate that the BaTiO3 film has (h00) orientation; however, we consider that the small amount of (00l) orientation component is also included although the (00l) orientation component is not clearly detected by X-ray diffraction. The magnetization–magnetic field (M–H) hysteresis measurement revealed that the film had a high perpendicular coercivity of 7.0 kOe. In addition, a distinct perpendicular magnetic anisotropy was observed. The distribution of magnetic domains was observed by magnetic force microscopy. Polarization–electric field (P–E) hysteresis measurement revealed that the BaTiO3–CoFe2O4 composite film had weak ferroelectricity with considerable leakage current. It was also found that the shape of the P–E curve was changed by the application of a lateral magnetic field of 0.2 T. The change would have been caused by the following two possibilities: (1) magnetostriction of CoFe2O4 and (2) magnetic resistivity of CoFe2O4 or (La0.5Sr0.5)CoO3.
Neural control of adrenal medullary and cortical blood flow during hemorrhage (1987)

Hemorrhagic hypotension produces an increase in adrenal medullary blood flow and a decrease in adrenal cortical blood flow. To determine whether changes in adrenal blood flow during hemorrhage are neurally mediated, we compared blood flow responses following adrenal denervation (splanchnic nerve section) with changes in the contralateral, neurally intact adrenal. Blood pressure was reduced and maintained at 60 mmHg for 25 min by hemorrhage into a pressurized bottle system. Adrenal cortical blood flow decreased to 50% of control with hemorrhage in both the intact and denervated adrenal. Adrenal medullary blood flow increased to four times control levels at 15 and 25 min posthemorrhage in the intact adrenal, but was reduced to 50% of control at 3, 5, and 10 min posthemorrhage in the denervated adrenal. In a separate group of dogs, the greater splanchnic nerve on one side was electrically stimulated at 2, 5, or 15 Hz (n = 4 each group) for 40 min. Adrenal medullary blood flow increased 5- to 10-fold in the stimulated adrenal but was unchanged in the contralateral, nonstimulated adrenal. Adrenal cortical blood flow was not affected by nerve stimulation. We conclude that activity of the splanchnic nerve profoundly affects adrenal medullary vessels but not adrenal cortical vessels and mediates the observed increase in adrenal medullary blood flow during hemorrhagic hypotension.
Dog inactive renin: biochemical characterization and secretion into renal plasma and lymph (1986)

It has been suggested that the dog is a useful model for studies of inactive renin (IR). However, the nature and origin of the trypsin-activated angiotensin-forming activity in dog plasma have not been fully defined. We characterized dog IR using renin-specific antibody, immunoaffinity, and Affigel blue chromatography. Activated IR resembles renal and plasma active renin in biochemical and immunological properties. IR was detected in renal lymph, arterial and venous plasma, as well as renal extracts. At basal state, there was a significant renal venous-arterial gradient of IR indicating secretion from the kidney. Furthermore, a sixfold higher concentration of IR was demonstrated in renal lymph than in plasma. Our data provides evidence for two possible routes of IR secretion from the kidney and supports the contention that the dog is a good model for studies of IR secretion and regulation.
Optimized pH-responsive cyanine fluorochromes for detection of acidic environments (2007)

Modulation of pH-responsive cyanine dye pK(a) values via heteroatom substitution allows for design of fluorescent reporters that are tuned for potential imaging of biologically relevant acidic environments.
How Water Meets a Very Hydrophobic Surface (2010)

Is there a low-density region ("gap") between water and a hydrophobic surface? Previous x-ray and neutron reflectivity results have been inconsistent because the effect (if any) is subresolution for the surfaces studied. We have used x-ray reflectivity to probe the interface between water and more hydrophobic smooth surfaces. The depleted region width increases with contact angle and becomes larger than the resolution, allowing definitive measurements. Large fluctuations are predicted at this interface; however, we find that their contribution to the interface roughness is too small to measure.
Na2Ti3O7: an intercalation based anode for sodium-ion battery applications (2012)

We report here the electrochemical properties of Na2Ti3O7, a potential non-carbon based, low-voltage anode material for room temperature sodium ion battery applications. A solid-state route was used to prepare Na2Ti3O7. Further, XRD, SEM, TEM, HRTEM, SAED, XPS and EDX techniques were used to characterize the material. The Na/Na2Ti3O7 cell displayed a charge capacity of 177 mA h g−1 at 0.1 C rate. High rate and long term cyclic performance at different rates showed relatively stable storage capacities. Surprisingly, if the lower cut-off voltage is altered, the appearance of a new charge plateau is seen, with no apparent change in the discharge behaviour. The kinetics of sodium insertion and extraction are discussed utilizing CV and EIS techniques. We also report the sodium chemical diffusion coefficient of the Na2Ti3O7/CB electrode estimated using GITT.
The role of p53 in myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia: molecular aspects and clinical implications (2016)

TP53 gene mutations occurring in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are associated with high-risk karyotypes including 17p abnormalities, monosomal and complex cytogenetics. TP53 mutations in these disorders portend rapid disease progression and resistance to conventional therapeutics. Notably, the size of the TP53 mutant clone as measured by mutation allele burden is directly linked to overall survival (OS) confirming the importance of p53 as a negative prognostic variable. In nucleolar stress-induced ribosomopathies, such as del(5q) MDS, disassociation of MDM2 and p53 results in p53 accumulation in erythroid precursors manifested as erythroid hypoplasia. P53 antagonism by lenalidomide or other therapeutics such as antisense oligonucleotides, repopulates erythroid precursors and enhances effective erythropoiesis. These findings demonstrate that p53 is an intriguing therapeutic target that is currently under investigation in MDS and AML. This study reviews molecular advances in understanding the role of p53 in MDS and AML, and explores potential therapeutic strategies in this era of personalized medicine.
Adenosine A2B receptor signaling in antigen presenting cells suppress anti-tumor adaptive immune responses (127.10) (2012)

Abstract Adenosine is generated in response to cellular stress such as hypoxia and inflammation and acts as a “metabokine” to modulate immune responses and prevent tissue damage. The accumulation of high levels of adenosine in tumors activates adenosine A2A and A2B receptors on immune cells to attenuate tumor rejection. Previously, we have shown that A2BR blockade inhibits growth of syngeneic tumors by enhancing innate and adaptive immune responses. However, the cellular targets that mediate inhibition of tumor growth after A2B receptor blockade are unknown. In this study, we tested the activity of innate and adaptive immune cells isolated from bladder or melanoma tumors grown in mice reconstituted with mixed bone marrows from A2BR-/- and A2BR+/+ animals. While A2BR deficiency did not influence the activation of NK cells and T cells, A2BR-/- antigen presenting cells were activated more than A2BR-/- cells. Selective deletion of A2BRs on myeloid cells or CD11c expressing cells significantly delayed the growth of syngeneic melanoma. The results show that antigen-presenting cells are direct cellular targets for tumor growth inhibition after A2BR blockade. The results of this study have important implications for therapeutic use of A2B receptor blockade or deletion for treatment of cancer.
Wnt6 plays a complex role in maintaining human limbal stem/progenitor cells (2021)

The corneal epithelium is consistently regenerated by limbal stem/progenitor cells (LSCs), a very small population of adult stem cells residing in the limbus. Several Wnt ligands, including Wnt6, are preferentially expressed in the limbus. To investigate the role of Wnt6 in regulating proliferation and maintenance of human LSCs in an in vitro LSC expansion setting, we generated NIH-3T3 feeder cells to overexpress different levels of Wnt6. Characterization of LSCs cultured on Wnt6 expressing 3T3 cells showed that high level of Wnt6 increased proliferation of LSCs. Medium and high levels of Wnt6 also increased the percentage of small cells (diameter ≤ 12 µm), a feature of the stem cell population. Additionally, the percentage of cells expressing the differentiation marker K12 was significantly reduced in the presence of medium and high Wnt6 levels. Although Wnt6 is mostly known as a canonical Wnt ligand, our data showed that canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling pathways were activated in the Wnt6-supplemented LSC cultures, a finding suggesting that interrelationships between both pathways are required for LSC regulation.
ΔF508 Mutation Results in Impaired Gastric Acid Secretion (2006)

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is recognized as a multifunctional protein that is involved in Cl(-) secretion, as well as acting as a regulatory protein. In order for acid secretion to take place a complex interaction of transport proteins and channels must occur at the apical pole of the parietal cell. Included in this process is at least one K(+) and Cl(-) channel, allowing for both recycling of K(+) for the H,K-ATPase, and Cl(-) secretion, necessary for the generation of concentrated HCl in the gastric gland lumen. We have previously shown that an ATP-sensitive potassium channel (K(ATP)) is expressed in parietal cells. In the present study we measured secretagogue-induced acid secretion from wild-type and DeltaF508-deficient mice in isolated gastric glands and whole stomach preparations. Secretagogue-induced acid secretion in wild-type mouse gastric glands could be significantly reduced with either glibenclamide or the specific inhibitor CFTR-inh172. In DeltaF508-deficient mice, however, histamine-induced acid secretion was significantly less than in wild-type mice. Furthermore, immunofluorescent localization of sulfonylurea 1 and 2 failed to show expression of a sulfonylurea receptor in the parietal cell, thus further implicating CFTR as the ATP-binding cassette transporter associated with the K(ATP) channels. These results demonstrate a regulatory role for the CFTR protein in normal gastric acid secretion.
The Study on Requirement Analysis in Software's Development (2008)

software requirement analysis is a decisive step of planning stage in software engineering,it changes unclear software concept into specific explainations in this step,thus,it establishes foundation of software development.This paper intoduces the requirement definition,types of the requirement,the mission of the requirement analysis,the method of the requirement analysis,the change of the requirement,and applied example etc.These intoductions will be helpful in requirement analysis of software's development.
PIP5KIγ is required for cardiovascular and neuronal development (2007)

All eukaryotic cells contain the phospholipid phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-bisphosphate (PIP2) that serves multiple roles in signal transduction cascades. Type I phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase (PIP5KI) catalyzes the synthesis of PIP2 by phosphorylating phosphatidylinositol 4 phosphate. Although the classical isoforms of PIP5KI (designated as alpha, beta, and gamma) all generate the same phospholipid product, they have significantly dissimilar primary structures and expression levels in different tissues, and they appear to localize within different compartments within the cell. Therefore, it appears likely that PIP5KI isoforms have overlapping, but not identical, functions. Here we show that targeted disruption of PIP5KIgamma causes widespread developmental and cellular defects. PIP5KIgamma-null embryos have myocardial developmental defects associated with impaired intracellular junctions that lead to heart failure and extensive prenatal lethality at embryonic day 11.5 of development. Loss of PIP5KIgamma also results in neural tube closure defects that were associated with impaired PIP2 production, adhesion junction formation, and neuronal cell migration. These data, along with those of other PIP5KI isoforms, indicate that individual PIP5KI isoenzymes fulfill specific roles in embryonic development.
PC/ABS recovered from shredded waste electrical and electronics equipment (2016)

Our industry leading separation technology enables us to recover a variety of plastics from complex mixed streams such as shredded waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). Plastic flakes recovered using our process are compounded and sold as pellets suitable for use in injection molding applications. Polypropylene (PP), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and high impact polystyrene (HIPS) have been in our product portfolio for nearly a decade. We now participate in the circular economy by selling these products into applications including new electrical and electronic equipment (E&EE). PP, ABS and HIPS make up only slightly over half of the plastics in WEEE, though, so recovery of additional plastics is desirable for both economic and environmental reasons. Recently we have begun to recover polycarbonate (PC) and blends of PC with ABS (PC/ABS) to expand our range of plastic products. This paper looks at the challenges of recovering plastics from WEEE, as well as the properties of the PC/ABS product we have recovered and compounded into pellets. Finally, we describe how the design of E&EE can enable the use of post-consumer recycled plastics from WEEE.
Organocatalytic Enantioselective One‐Pot Four‐Component Ugi‐Type Multicomponent Reaction for the Synthesis of Epoxy‐tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4‐b]pyridin‐5‐ones (2012)

Enantioselective multicomponent reaction: in the presence of a catalytic amount of chiral BINOL-derived phosphoric acid (TRIP), the reaction of an α-isocyanoacetate 1, an aldehyde 2, and an aniline 3, followed by addition of a toluene solution of α,β-unsaturated acyl chloride 4 afforded the oxa-bridged tricycle 5 in excellent yield, diastereoselectivity, and enantioselectivity. Six chemical bonds, five stereogenic centers, and three cycles were formed in this one-pot four-component reaction.
Near-Ideal Xylene Selectivity in Adaptive Molecular Pillar[n]arene Crystals (2018)

The energy-efficient separation of alkylaromatic compounds is a major industrial sustainability challenge. The use of selectively porous extended frameworks, such as zeolites or metal-organic frameworks, is one solution to this problem. Here, we studied a flexible molecular material, perethylated pillar[ n]arene crystals ( n = 5, 6), which can be used to separate C8 alkylaromatic compounds. Pillar[6]arene is shown to separate para-xylene from its structural isomers, meta-xylene and ortho-xylene, with 90% specificity in the solid state. Selectivity is an intrinsic property of the pillar[6]arene host, with the flexible pillar[6]arene cavities adapting during adsorption thus enabling preferential adsorption of para-xylene in the solid state. The flexibility of pillar[6]arene as a solid sorbent is rationalized using molecular conformer searches and crystal structure prediction (CSP) combined with comprehensive characterization by X-ray diffraction and <sup>13</sup>C solid-state NMR spectroscopy. The CSP study, which takes into account the structural variability of pillar[6]arene, breaks new ground in its own right and showcases the feasibility of applying CSP methods to understand and ultimately to predict the behavior of soft, adaptive molecular crystals.
P4NFV: An NFV Architecture with Flexible Data Plane Reconfiguration (2018)

Current architecture proposals for Network Function Virtualization (NFV) do not integrate hardware-accelerated network function implementations.Recent research studies have shown that pure software-based implementations cannot achieve the needed line rates for today's network services.We propose P4NFV to fill this gap.Making use of an additional abstraction layer, P4NFV is an architecture that can achieve softwarebased network function implementations as well as handle P4 for programming protocol-independent packet processors.With P4NFV, network operators can still instantiate network functions that are specified in terms of computing and storage hardware, while making use of the performance improvements of P4-enhanced networking hardware.Moreover, in order to take the fast changing nature of today's network services into account, P4NFV integrates mechanisms to reconfigure P4-based network functions at runtime: another missing gap in literature.Based on a proof-of-concept implementation of P4NFV for four network functions, we show promising measurement results.Whereas the network function implementations tailored towards reconfigurations add only marginal overhead, even configuring network functions at runtime does not notably affect network service operations with higher latency or severe packet loss.
Test beam performance measurements for the Phase I upgrade of the CMS pixel detector (2017)

A new pixel detector for the CMS experiment was built in order to cope with the instantaneous luminosities anticipated for the Phase I Upgrade of the LHC. The new CMS pixel detector provides four-hit tracking with a reduced material budget as well as new cooling and powering schemes. A new front-end readout chip mitigates buffering and bandwidth limitations, and allows operation at low comparator thresholds. In this paper, comprehensive test beam studies are presented, which have been conducted to verify the design and to quantify the performance of the new detector assemblies in terms of tracking efficiency and spatial resolution. Under optimal conditions, the tracking efficiency is (99.95 ± 0.05) %, while the intrinsic spatial resolutions are (4.80 ± 0.25) μm and (7.99 ± 0.21) μm along the 100 μm and 150 μm pixel pitch, respectively. The findings are compared to a detailed Monte Carlo simulation of the pixel detector and good agreement is found.