gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation of Amniotic Stem Cell Lines With Potential for Therapy (2007)

Amniotic fluid contains multiple cell types derived from the developing fetus, including some that can give rise to differentiated adipose, muscle, bone, and neuronal cell lines. The present investigators have identified lines of broadly multipotent amniotic fluid-derived stem (AFS) cells that can give rise to a wide range of lineages including those in all embryonic germ layers, thereby meeting the criterion for pluripotent stem cells. Immunoselection with magnetic microspheres was used to isolate, from cultures of human amniocentesis specimens taken for prenatal genetic diagnosis, cells bearing the surface antigen c-Kit, the receptor for stem cell factor. Flow cytometry served to assess markers expressed by human AFS cells. AFS cells from 19 amniocentesis donors were able to differentiate along adipogenic, osteogenic, myogenic, endothelial, neurogenic, and hepatic pathways. Induced differentiation along multiple pathways was documented by the expression of mRNAs for lineage-specific genes. Multilineage differentiation was characteristic of AFS cells that were cloned by limiting dilution. Studies based on marking with a retroviral vector confirmed that cloned AFS cells and their differentiated derivatives did in fact descend from a single cell, and that the AFS cells are pluripotent stem cells. Feeders were not necessary for the undifferentiated AFS cells to expand extensively. The cells doubled in 36 hours and were not tumorigenic. Lines maintained for more than 250 population doublings continued to have long telomeres and normal karyotypes. The differentiated cells derived from AFS cells included neuronal lineage cells secreting the neurotransmitter L-glutamate or expressing G-protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channels, hepatic lineage cells producing urea, and osteogenic lineage cells that formed tissue-engineered bone. These studies affirm that stem cells capable of extensive self-renewal can routinely be obtained from human amniotic fluid. AFS cells can serve as precursors to a broad range of differentiated cell types that potentially have therapeutic applications. Banking of cells that would otherwise be discarded could provide a convenient source not only for autologous treatment later in life, but for matching of histocompatible donor cells with prospective recipients.
Tailoring of the Wetting Behavior of Alumina Dispersions on Polymer Foams by Methylcellulose Addition: A Route Toward Mechanically Stable Ceramic Replica Foams (2019)

Polyurethane (PU) foams with open porosity and a pore count of 20 ppi are used as templates for the preparation of open‐porous alumina foams by the replica method. The effect of methylcellulose addition on the rheological properties of the aqueous alumina dispersions is investigated. Methylcellulose leads to an increased viscosity of the dispersions and is effective in increasing the yield strength. The compressive strength and the structural parameters of replica foams made by the respective dispersions are correlated with the rheology of the alumina dispersions used in foam manufacturing. An increased viscosity leads to an improved wetting behavior of the PU template and a more uniform coating with the alumina dispersion. The presence of methylcellulose also has the effect that it increases the adhesion of the coating dispersion on the PU template and causes a more homogenous coating, especially at the sharp edges of the templates' struts. As a consequence, the compressive strength of the sintered foams is significantly increased from 0.4 to 1.1 MPa at the same relative density level.
Stereoscopic high-speed imaging using additive colors (2012)

An experimental system for digital stereoscopic imaging produced by using a high-speed color camera is described. Two bright-field image projections of a three-dimensional object are captured utilizing additive-color backlighting (blue and red). The two images are simultaneously combined on a two-dimensional image sensor using a set of dichromatic mirrors, and stored for off-line separation of each projection. This method has been demonstrated in analyzing cavitation bubble dynamics near boundaries. This technique may be useful for flow visualization and in machine vision applications.
In Vivo and In Vitro Characterization of the Novel Antiarrhythmic Agent SSR149744C (2004)

SSR149744C (SSR, 2-butyl-3-[4-[3-(dibutylamino)pro-pyl]benzoyl]-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylate isopropyl fumarate), is a new non-iodinated benzofuran derivative. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo its electrophysiological, hemodynamic, and anti-adrenergic properties and to determine its mechanism of action using in vitro studies. In chloralose-anesthetized dogs, SSR149744C (1-10 mg/kg i.v.) prolonged the sinus cycle length, A-H interval, Wenckebach cycle length, atrial effective refractory period (ERP), and atrio-ventricular node ERP in a dose-dependent manner without change of ventricular ERP and HV, QRS, or QTc intervals. Arterial blood pressure and ventricular inotropism were slightly decreased. SSR149744C, which has no or low affinity for alpha 1 and beta 1 adrenergic and angiotensin II AT1 receptors, reduced isoproterenol-induced tachycardia and phenylephrine- or angiotensin II-induced hypertension in anaesthetized dogs. In guinea pig papillary muscle, SSR149744C did not modify the resting potential, action potential amplitude and duration, but reduced the dV/dt max of the depolarization phase in a frequency-dependent manner. In isolated guinea pig cardiomyocytes and transfected CHO cells, SSR149744C (0.01-30 microM) inhibited several potassium currents: IKr (IC50 approximately 10 microM), IKs (IC50 approximately 30 microM), IK(ACh) (IC50 = 0.09 microM), and IKv1.5 (IC50 = 2.7 microM), the L-type calcium current: ICa(L) (IC50 approximately 5 microM) and also the amplitude of [Ca2+]i transient and cell shortening. Therefore, SSR149744C appears to have a multifactorial mechanism of action, which combines the blockade of several ion channels with the inhibition of responses of alpha 1 and beta 1 adrenergic as well as AT1 receptor stimulation. Like amiodarone, SSR149744C possesses the pharmacological effects of class I, II, III, and IV antiarrhythmic agents, which may confer upon this new drug a strong antiarrhythmic potential without ventricular proarrhythmia and iodine-related amiodarone-like side-effects.
Infections after Bone Marrow Transplantation Among Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients: Review Article (2022)

Background: Bone marrow and stem cell transplantation have become conventional therapy, with the potential to cure a variety of hematologic malignancies and immunologic diseases. Severe infection is still a potentially fatal complication following transplantation, contributes significantly to morbidity, and may demand ICU admission. Objectives: The study aims to summarize current evidence on the prevalence, risk factors, and management approaches of irritable bowel syndrome in Saudi Arabia. Methodology: For article selection, the PubMed database and EBSCO Information Services were used. All relevant articles relevant to our topic and other articles were used in our review. Other articles that were not related to this field were excluded. The data was extracted in a specific format that was reviewed by the group members. Conclusion: the result of the 12 studies included, proves the high risk of infections after bone marrow transplantation and its high mortality effect. Post transplantation patient's immune system is vulnerable, opportunistic infections occur such as viruses and fungi. The highest prevalence recorded in Adenovirus infections reaching 29% of patients throat swaps, urine, and stool samples come positive affirming the diagnosis.
Real-time 3D simultaneous localization and map-building for a dynamic walking humanoid robot (2013)

In this paper, we develop an onboard real-time 3D visual simultaneous localization and mapping system for a dynamic walking humanoid robot. With the constraints of processing and real-time operation, the system uses a lightweight localization and mapping approach based around the well-known extended Kalman filter but that features a robust and real-time relocalization system able to allow loop-closing and robust localization in 6D. The robot is controlled by torque references at the joints using its dynamic properties. This results in more energy efficient motion but also in lager movement than the one found in a conventional ZMP-based humanoid which carefully maintains the position of the center of mass on the plane. These more agile motions pose challenges for a visual mapping system having to operate in real time. The developed system features a combination of stereo camera, robust visual descriptors, and motion model switching to compensate for the larger motion and uncertainty. We provide practical implementation details of the system and methods, and test on the real humanoid robot. We compare our results with motion obtained with a motion capture system.
Abstract WP158: Maximum Tolerated Dose of Exosomes Derived From Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Intra-Arterial Dosing in a Rat Stroke Model (2020)

Background: Recent preclinical studies of stroke recovery have explored the possibility of utilizing exosomes (ES) instead of complete cells as therapeutic agents. ES are endosomal origin small-membrane vesicles with a size of 40 to 100nm in diameter, secreted from many types of cells including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). ES-encapsulated transfer of miRNAs promotes neurite remodeling and functional recovery of stroke in rats. The optimal route of delivery of ES in stroke is not established. While a few studies have shown efficacy of intra-venous exosomes administration for stroke, there is one study exploring intra-arterial exosome therapy (IAX) with single dose of 100ug exosomes. We propose intra-arterial delivery of exosomes in a dose escalation study to establish safety and early efficacy. Methods: Female ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to MCAo for 90 min. Rats were treated with IAX (10, 50 and 100ug/0.5mL), IAMSCs (1x10 5 cells/0.5mL) or IA phosphate-buffered saline (IAPBS) at 1 day (1D) after MCAo. To test neurological and motor function, the standardized neurobehavioral test battery and the rotarod test were performed. The mean duration (in seconds) on the device was recorded from 3 rotarod measurements. The rats were tested at pre-surgery, 7, 15 and 30 days post-MCAo. Results: There was no neurological worsening or mortality post IA exosome delivery at any dose tier. The Neurological deficit score of IAX 10ug treatment group at POD 7, 15 and 30, and IAX 50ug treatment at POD 15 were significantly improved in comparison to IA PBS. IAX 10ug treatment group showed trend of improvement in motor coordination compared to the IA PBS/MSC/higher doses of exosome treatment groups. Conclusions: The Neurological deficit scores of IAX 10ug treatment group were significantly improved in comparison to IA PBS. Lower dose than previously published might be most effective, and noninferior to IA-MSCs.
Aggressive prolactinoma in a child related to germline mutation in the ARYL hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein (AIP) gene (2010)

The objective of this study was to describe a familial screening for AIP mutations in the context of aggressive prolactinoma in childhood. A 12-year-old boy, presented headaches and bilateral hemianopsia. He had adequate height and weight for his age (50(th) percentile), Tanner stage G1 P1. His bone age was 10 years. Prolactin was 10.560 ng/mL (3-25), FSH and LH were undetectable, IGF-1, TSH, Free T4, ACTH, and cortisol were within normal ranges. MRI showed a pituitary macroadenoma, 5.3 X 4.0 X 3.5 cm with compression of the optic chiasm, bilateral cavernous sinus invasion, encasement of carotids, and extension to clivus. Surgical debulking was performed. Resistance to cabergoline was characterized and he was submitted to two surgeries and radiotherapy. Immunohistochemical evaluation included prolactin, ACTH, GH, FSH, LH,AIP, c-erb B2, Ki-67, and p53. Genomic DNA was isolated from the index case and 48 relatives, PCR and sequencing were performed.A germline A195V mutation in AIP was identified in the index case and in five asymptomatic relatives. Germline mutations in the AIP gene may be involved in the predisposition to pituitary adenoma formation, as cause or co-factor in pathogenesis of aggressive tumors in young patients.
CV doping profiling of boron out-diffusion using an abrupt and highly doped arsenic buried epilayer (2003)

The use of CV measurements to profile the electrically active impurity profile of dopants has long been popular as a fast and non-destructive measurement technique. In this work, an n/sup -/p/sup -/n/sup +/ or ip/sup -/n/sup +/ structure is proposed for CV-doping profiling of the tail of boron-doped regions extending into a lightly doped top layer. The usefulness of this method for the evaluation of boron transient enhanced diffusion (TED) effects in Si and Si/sub 1-x/Ge/sub x/ is demonstrated both experimentally and via simulations.
Neuroprotective Action of Acetyl-L-Carnitine on Methamphetamine-Induced Dopamine Release (2011)

Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) has been shown to be neuroprotective, in a dose and time dependent manner, through a variety of processes, including: membrane stabilization, ionic homeostasis, increased expression of key proteins, decreased expression of iNOS and increased resistance to neurotoxic events. Recently, we successfully demonstrated that pre-treatment with ALC confers effective neuroprotection against MDMA-induced neurotoxicity, preventing mitochondrial oxidative damage and, most importantly, preventing the typical MDMA-induced serotonin loss. However, the mechanisms underlying these actions are still unclear. In the present work, we have exposed PC12 cells to 1 M and 100 M methamphetamine (METH) to evaluate the action of ALC (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mM) on dopamine (DA) function. Intra and extracellular levels of DA were measured by HPLC-EC, both after a 24 or 72 h incubation period. We show that ALC by itself increases intracellular levels of DA, which may be a direct consequence of the ALC role on tyrosine biosynthesis. We also report that ALC is capable of increasing intracellular DA levels even in the presence of high METH doses and that ALC seems to prevent METH-induced DA release, which may be regulated through ALC direct action on important membrane components.
High-level expression and in vitro mutagenesis of a fibrillogenic 109-amino-acid C-terminal fragment of Alzheimer's-disease amyloid precursor protein (1993)

We amplified DNA encoding the 3' 109 codons of Alzheimer's-disease amyloid precursor protein (APP) inclusive of the beta protein (A beta) and cytoplasmic domains from cDNA using oligonucleotide primers designed to facilitate cloning into the T7 expression vector pT7Ad23K13. We also modified this construct to generate recombinant molecules incorporating two recently described APP mutants by site-directed mutagenesis. Both native C109 (deletion construct inclusive of the C-terminal 109 residues of APP) and constructs with a single mutation at codon 642 (T-->G, resulting in a substitution of glycine for valine) or a double mutation at codons 595 (G-->T, substituting asparagine for lysine) and 596 (A-->C, substituting leucine for methionine) were expressed in Escherichia coli to levels of 5-20% of total bacterial protein after induction. The major constituent of expressed C109 protein had an apparent molecular mass of 16-18 kDa by SDS/PAGE and appeared to be the full-length construct by size and N-terminal microsequencing. Also present was a 4-5 kDa species that co-purified with C109, constituting only approximately 1% of expressed protein, which was revealed by Western-blot analysis with antibodies specific for A beta epitopes and after biotinylation of purified recombinant C109. This fragment shared N-terminal sequence with, and appeared to arise by proteolysis of, full-length C109 in biosynthetic labelling experiments. C109 spontaneously precipitated after dialysis against NaCl or water, and with prolonged (> 20 weeks) standing was found by electron microscopy to contain a minor (< 5%) fibrillar component that was reactive with antibodies to a C-terminal epitope of APP. Recombinant C109 appears to duplicate some of the biochemical and physicochemical properties of C-terminal A beta-inclusive fragments of APP that have been found in transfected cells, brain cortex and cerebral microvessels.
Robust matching pursuit for recovery of Gaussian sparse signal (2011)

For compressive sensing (CS) recovery of Gaussian sparse signal, we explore the framework of Bayesian linear models to achieve a robust reconstruction performance in the presence of measurement noise. Using a priori statistical knowledge, we develop a minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimation based iterative greedy search algorithm. Through experimental evaluations, we show that the new algorithm provides a robust CS reconstruction performance compared to an existing least square based algorithm.
COMPUTING DISCRETE LOGARITHMS IN F36·137 USING MAGMA (2014)

We show that a Magma implementation of Joux's new L(1/4) algorithm can be used to compute discrete logarithms in the 1303-bit finite field F36·137 with very modest computational resources. Our implementation illustrates the effectiveness of Joux's algorithm for computing discrete logarithms in small-characteristic finite fields which are not Kummer or twisted-Kummer extensions.
Therapeutic antibodies, targeting the SARS-CoV-2 spike N-terminal domain, protect lethally infected K18-hACE2 mice (2021)

Abstract Since the onset of the current COVID-19 pandemic, high priority is given to the development of neutralizing antibodies, as a key approach for the design of therapeutic strategies to countermeasure and eradicate the disease. Previously, we reported the development of human therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) exhibiting very high protective ability. These mAbs recognize epitopes on the spike receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 that is considered to represent the main rout of receptor engagement by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The recent emergence of viral variants emphasizes the notion that efficient antibody treatments need to rely on mAbs against several distinct key epitopes in order to circumvent the occurrence of therapy escape-mutants. Here we report the isolation and characterization of 12 neutralizing mAbs, identified by screening a phage-display library constructed from lymphatic cells collected from severe COVID-19 patients. The antibodies target three distinct epitopes on the spike N-terminal domain (NTD) of SARS-CoV-2, one of them defining a major site of vulnerability of the virus. Extensive characterization of these mAbs suggests a neutralization mechanism which relies both on amino-acid and N -glycan recognition on the virus, and involvement of receptors other than the hACE2 on the target cell. Two of the selected mAbs, which demonstrated superior neutralization potency in vitro , were further evaluated in vivo , demonstrating their ability to fully protect K18-hACE2 transgenic mice even when administered at low doses and late after infection. The study demonstrates the high potential of the mAbs for therapy of SARS-CoV-2 infection and underlines the possible role of the NTD in mediating infection of host cells via alternative cellular portals other than the canonical ACE2 receptor.
Long-Term Results of Penile Vein Ligation for Impotence from Venous Leakage (1993)

Between 1986 and 1991, 46 men with organic impotence documented by dynamic pharmacocavernosometry and cavernosography to have venous leakage underwent penile vein ligation. Despite initial improvement in erections allowing normal intercourse in 34 men (74%) within the first 6 months, long-term (more than 12 months) evaluation revealed sustained potency without adjunctive therapy in only 11 (24%). Of the remaining 35 men 6 (13%) progressed to a penile prosthesis, 8 (17%) required intracavernous vasoactive injection therapy and 21 (46%) have not sought further therapy despite continued impotence. Of the 14 patients who had isolated distal leakage 6 (43%) had sustained erectile function while only 5 of the 32 patients (16%) with proximal leakage maintained potency. Associated complications included penile shortening in 20 (43%) and penile hypoesthesia in 9 men (20%). Therefore, we conclude that the long-term success of penile vein ligation is poor, with only 24% of the patients able to have normal intercourse more than 1 year later, although those patients with distal penile shaft leakage appear to have a greater chance of success than those with more proximal leakage.
Decreases in serum ubiquinone concentrations do not result in reduced levels in muscle tissue during short-term simvastatin treatment in humans* (1995)

Statins, which are commonly used drugs for hypercholesterolemia, inhibit 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis. Important nonsterol compounds, such as ubiquinone, are also derived from the same synthetic pathway. Therefore it has been hypothesized that statin treatment causes ubiquinone deficiency in muscle cells, which could interfere with cellular respiration causing severe adverse effects. In this study we observed decreased serum levels but an enhancement in muscle tissue ubiquinone levels in patients with hypercholesterolemia after 4 weeks of simvastatin treatment. These results indicate that ubiquinone supply is not reduced during short-term statin treatment in the muscle tissue of subjects in whom myopathy did not develop.
Adsorption of fibronectin derived from serum and from human endothelial cells onto tissue culture polystyrene (1987)

Human endothelial cells (HEC) suspended in a culture medium containing 20% human serum (CMS) adhere and spread on(to) moderately wettable polymers, such as tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS). We have previously shown that serum derived-fibronectin, which is a cell adhesion promoting protein, has a high affinity for TCPS, but that the amount of fibronectin which adsorbed from CMS was relatively small. In this study we investigated whether fibronectin derived from HEC contributes to the adhesion and spreading of the cells on(to) TCPS. Therefore, HEC were seeded in the presence of fibronectin-depleted CMS. The amount of fibronectin detected on TCPS increased with both cell seeding density and incubation time. Although initial HEC adhesion is delayed on TCPS which has been precoated with albumin (Alb), high density lipoprotein (HDL) or immunoglobulin G (IgG), maximal numbers of adhering and spreading HEC were found on these surfaces 6 h after seeding of HEC. Fibronectin was detected on these surfaces, but an exchange of preadsorbed Alb, HDL, or IgG for fibronectin could not be demonstrated. We conclude that HEC deposit fibronectin onto TCPS, irrespective of the presence of a preadsorbed layer of proteins which delay cell adhesion.
Endotherapy for paraduodenal pancreatitis: a large retrospective case series (2014)

This is the largest series concerning the management of paraduodenal pancreatitis using endotherapy as the first-line intervention. Although repeat endoscopic procedures were required in half of the patients, no severe complication was observed and surgical treatment was ultimately needed in less than 25 % of the patients.