gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ultrasensitive Quantitative LC–MS/MS of an Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein’s Antagonist in Plasma Using Protein Target Affinity Extraction (2016)

AE-LC-MS/MS, utilizing target protein, is a highly sensitive methodology for small molecule quantification with potential for broader applicability.
Steering of Autonomous Vehicles Based on Friction-Adaptive Nonlinear Model-Predictive Control (2019)

The vehicle steering-control behavior is highly dependent on the road surface. However, the road surface conditions are typically unknown a priori, and control actions that are safe to perform on asphalt may therefore lead to vehicle instability on low-friction surfaces. It is therefore important that the road surface is estimated, or at least detected, online, and that the vehicle dynamics control algorithms are adapted to the changing conditions. In this paper, we propose a nonlinear model-predictive control (NMPC) scheme that adapts its tire parameters in response to the estimated road surface. We show how estimating the initial slope of the tire-force curve can be used to change the full nonlinear tire-curve used by the NMPC and validate the method in simulation.
Chromatin and transcription (1998)

The last year has seen much progress in our understanding of chromatin and transcription. Transcriptionally active chromatin has long been correlated with a higher level of histone acetlyation. The discovery of a nuclear histone acetyltransferase activity encoded by factors with a role in transcription raises the possibility that the cell is able to dynamically modulate the (local) level of histone acteylation, switching chromatin templates from inactive to transcriptionally active states. Furthermore, histone acetylation states have shown to play a role in determining the efficacy of transcriptionally silenced chromatin in both yeast and Drosophila. The advances in our knowledge regarding the role of the origin-recognition complex in the establishment of silencing, and the requirement for a locally concentrated zone of the silence information regulator proteins in the nucleus has provided insights into the complex architecture of silenced chromatin. The goal of understanding the mechanisms by which the cell is able to 'open' repressive chromatin structures has prompted the discovery of multiple chromatin remodelling activities. These large protein complexes identified from organisms as diverse as yeast, mouse, fly and man demonstrate the ubiquity and fundamental importance of the ability to perturb the structure of chromatin allowing transcription of the desired genes. These data provide the latest and potentially most significant demonstration of the importance of the nucleosome in the regulation of transcription.
Pulse compression and prepulse suppression apparatus (2023)

A pulse compression and prepulse suppression apparatus (10) for time compressing the output of a laser (14). A pump pulse (46) is separated from a seed pulse (48) by a first polarized beam splitter (20) according to the orientation of a half wave plate (18). The seed pulse (48) is directed into an SBS oscillator (44) by two plane mirrors (22, 26) and a corner mirror (24), the corner mirror (24) being movable to adjust timing. The pump pulse (46) is directed into an SBS amplifier 34 wherein SBS occurs. The seed pulse (48), having been propagated from the SBS oscillator (44), is then directed through the SBS amplifier (34) wherein it sweeps the energy of the pump pulse (46) out of the SBS amplifier (34) and is simultaneously compressed, and the time compressed pump pulse (46) is emitted as a pulse output (52). A second polarized beam splitter (38) directs any undepleted pump pulse 58 away from the SBS oscillator (44).
Stereoselective synthesis of 2Z, 4E-dienals by addition of organometallic reagents to pyrylium perchlorate (1989)

A facile and stereoselective approach to 2Z,4E-dienals and derived products is presented. The method involves addition of an organometallic reagent to a pyrylium salt, followed by electrocyclic ring-opening of the intermediate 2H-pyran, to give the desired Z,E-dienal, usually with greater than 95% stereochemical purity. These dienals may be trapped in situ with a second organometallic reagent, or oxidised or reduced, without loss of stereochemical integrity. The synthesis of (1,3Z,5E)-undeca-1,3,5-triene, a component of the essential oils of the brown Hawaiian seaweeds Dictyopteris plagiogramma and D. australis, is reported to illustrate the simplicity of the procedure.
Human liver microsomal cytochrome P450 and B5 act as reductases in the reductive metabolism of 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine to 3′-amino-3′deoxythymidine. (1996)

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (1996) 59, 168–168; doi: 10.1038/sj.clpt.1996.171
Phase II trial of CAT-3888 (BL22) in chemo-resistant hairy cell leukemia (2007)

7095 Background: CAT-3888 (BL22) is a recombinant anti-CD22 immunotoxin which showed phase I activity in chemo-resistant hairy cell leukemia (HCL). Methods: Eligible patients had relapsed HCL &lt; 4-years after prior cladribine (CdA) and needed additional treatment based on blood counts. Patients were stratified into 2 groups by most recent CdA response of &lt; 1 year or 1–4 years. A 3 rd group was added for patients with uncontrolled infection. The study used a 2-stage design of 10 patients each for the first two strata with expansion to 17–30 if hematological remission (HR, i.e. ANC, platelets and Hgb at least 1.5, 100, and 11, respectively) was achieved in at least 3/10. The third strata allowed up to 5 patients. Patients received 40 ug/Kg every other day (QOD) ×3 on cycle 1. Those achieving HR were observed. Patients without a HR and no neutralizing antibodies were retreated at 30 ug/Kg QOD ×3 every 4 weeks beginning at least 8 weeks after cycle 1. Results: 35 patients were enrolled including 25, 9 and 1 in groups 1–3, respectively. CR (44% vs 48%) and overall response (ORR)(64% vs 89%) were similar in strata 1 and 2 with 16 (47%) CRs and 8 (24%) partial responses (PRs) overall. Response was particularly high in 22 with baseline spleen size &lt; 200 mm (95% ORR; 59% CR, 36% PR) compared to patients with spleen height &gt; 200 (ORR 20%, p = 0.001) or patients post-splenectomy (ORR 25%, p = 0.0003). The only serious toxicity was completely reversible grade 3 hemolytic uremic syndrome, not requiring plasmapheresis, in 1 (3%) patient on cycle 2. Neutralizing antibodies which prevented additional cycles were observed in 4 (11%) patients. Conclusions: The activity of CAT-3888 (BL22) in HCL is confirmed in this phase II trial. Toxicity may be limited by retreating only those who do not respond to 1 cycle. Optimal response to CAT-3888 (BL22) following CdA failure may be achieved before the occurrence of massive splenomegaly or splenectomy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Measurement of the Ratio of Branching Fractions B(Bc+→J/ψτ+ντ)/B(Bc+→J/ψμ+νμ) (2018)

A measurement is reported of the ratio of branching fractions R(J/ψ)=B(B_{c}^{+}→J/ψτ^{+}ν_{τ})/B(B_{c}^{+}→J/ψμ^{+}ν_{μ}), where the τ^{+} lepton is identified in the decay mode τ^{+}→μ^{+}ν_{μ}ν[over ¯]_{τ}. This analysis uses a sample of proton-proton collision data corresponding to 3.0 fb^{-1} of integrated luminosity recorded with the LHCb experiment at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. A signal is found for the decay B_{c}^{+}→J/ψτ^{+}ν_{τ} at a significance of 3 standard deviations corrected for systematic uncertainty, and the ratio of the branching fractions is measured to be R(J/ψ)=0.71±0.17(stat)±0.18(syst). This result lies within 2 standard deviations above the range of central values currently predicted by the standard model.
ChemInform Abstract: Nanostrucure Formation Based on the Functionalized Side Chains in Liquid‐Crystalline Heteroaromatic Compounds (2016)

Abstract Review: [62 refs.
Knowledge distillation across ensembles of multilingual models for low-resource languages (2017)

This paper investigates the effectiveness of knowledge distillation in the context of multilingual models. We show that with knowledge distillation, Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM) models can be used to train standard feed-forward Deep Neural Network (DNN) models for a variety of low-resource languages. We then examine how the agreement between the teacher's best labels and the original labels affects the student model's performance. Next, we show that knowledge distillation can be easily applied to semi-supervised learning to improve model performance. We also propose a promising data selection method to filter un-transcribed data. Then we focus on knowledge transfer among DNN models with multilingual features derived from CNN+DNN, LSTM, VGG, CTC and attention models. We show that a student model equipped with better input features not only learns better from the teacher's labels, but also outperforms the teacher. Further experiments suggest that by learning from each other, the original ensemble of various models is able to evolve into a new ensemble with even better combined performance.
Effect of Santoquin and oxidized fat on liver and intestinal glutathione in broilers (1997)

Experiments were conducted to determine effects of Santoquin (ethoxyquin) and oxidized fat on liver and intestinal reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) glutathione, and pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS) mortality. Male broilers were randomly assigned in a 2 x 2 factorial consisting of 3.5% normal (NF) or oxidized (OxF) fat with or without ethoxyquin (E). Body weights and feed intake were monitored weekly, and tissues obtained at 3 and 7 wk for GSH and GSSG analysis. Compared to the NF group, NF/E gained more weight during the starter (0 to 3 wk), but not the grower (4 to 7 wk) period. Birds fed NF/E or NF exhibited greater feed efficiency in the starter period and greater gains during the starter and grower periods than birds fed OxF or OxF/E. No differences in PHS mortality between treatments were observed. Birds fed OxF exhibited lower liver GSSG at 3 wk than the other groups, but there were no differences in liver GSH. Duodenal GSH was higher in birds fed OxF/E than in birds of NF group at 3 and 7 wk. Ileal GSH was higher at 3 wk in OxF/E birds than in OxF birds, but no differences were observed at 7 wk. All tissues exhibited higher GSH levels at 7 wk than at 3 wk. Birds fed ethoxyquin, regardless of fat source, exhibited higher duodenal GSH at 3 and 7 wk and higher ileal GSH at 3 wk than birds that did not receive ethoxyquin. Higher GSH would be beneficial by enhancing protection of intestinal cells to deleterious effects of toxins or other forms of oxidative stress.
The H5N1 Manuscript Redaction Controversy (2012)

Scientists are an argumentative bunch, and science is no stranger to controversy. Since the beginning of the scientific revolution, science has witnessed and engaged in great controversies, including heliocentrism, the theory of evolution, the N-ray affair, and most recently the debate over climate warming. Prior controversies were settled with additional scientific study, which provided convincing data for one faction or the other. Today scientists are engaged in a new type of controversy involving the benefits, debits, appropriateness, and wisdom of redacting experimental data from scientific manuscripts on the grounds that the information could be used for nefarious purposes. This controversy was triggered when a government advisory committee known as the National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity (NSABB) examined two manuscripts describing genetic changes that enabled bird flu virus (H5N1) to become transmissible in mammals. The NSABB then advised the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services that …
(Invited) A High Throughput Screening Approach for Corrosion-Resistant Alloys (2020)

Additive manufacturing (AM) is an attractive process for alloy development with some techniques having the ability to print a standalone part that spans a wide composition range. Fabricating compositionally graded parts allows spatially sensitive characterization techniques to perform property measurements across the composition gradient, providing high throughput testing of composition and phase space. This study utilizes an AM technique to make incremental additions of a single alloying element to a high entropy alloy (HEA), exploring how these alloying additions impact the HEAs microstructure and corrosion behavior. Specimens were produced with an in-house laser engineered network shaping (LENS) system capable of in-situ mixing of up to 5 metal powders. The equiatomic CoCrFeMnNi HEA is used in this study and compositionally graded with pure elements (Ti, W, and Nb). The susceptibility of the compositionally graded specimens to local corrosion initiation are tested using a micro (100 μm)-electrochemical cell and a scratch tester designed to measure repassivation kinetics. The efficacy of using this high throughput screening approach to develop alloys with superior corrosion resistance will be discussed. SNL is managed and operated by NTESS under DOE NNSA contract DE-NA0003525.
Device Degradation by High Amplitude Currents and Response Characteristics of Discrete Resistors (1975)

In designing or analyzing electronic circuits for nuclear radiation hardness it is important to know the response of components and their failure levels due to high level current pulses. Theoretical and experimental studies have been conducted on film, carbon composition and wirewound resistors to determine the power or voltage required to cause failure as a function of pulse width. Certain film resistors exhibit failure at the millijoule total energy level which is within the same energy range of concern for many semiconductor devices. Larger wattage carbon composition and wirewound resistors on the other hand were able to absorb tens of joules of energy without failure corresponding to tens of megawatts of power for 1 microsecond pulses. Simplified failure and response models are described.
Origin and Optimization of RF Power Handling Limitations in Inline Phase-Change Switches (2017)

The power handling capabilities of inline phase-change switches (IPCS's) at radio frequencies (RF) have been correlated with the dc threshold voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> ) of the devices. The dependence of V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> on microheater pulsing parameters and device layout has been characterized, accompanied by observation of the size of the amorphous chalcogenide region through scanning transmission electron microscopy. All observations are consistent with threshold field (F <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> ) of nominally 50:50 GeTe of 12.6 V/μm. Use of W-based microheaters in the IPCS processes has improved device performance and reliability, with increases in the product of cutoff-frequency (F <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">co</sub> ) and V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> over previous IPCS devices using NiCrSi microheaters. The improved devices demonstrated power handling capabilities up to 29 dBm in a 50-Ω system for a switch with submicrometer dimensions, where the improvement is attributed to the larger amorphous zone created at the minimum power to amorphize. These improved devices demonstrate the feasibility of these switches in both transmit and receive wireless applications. A correlation between the maximum allowed RF voltage across the OFF-state switch and the dc V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> of the OFF device was observed, indicating the dc V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> is an accurate predictor of RF power handling.
Enhanced Light Extraction Efficiency in InGaN Light-Emitting Diodes Through Photoelectrochemical Sidewall Shaping Process (2007)

The cone-shaped-sidewall InGaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with higher light extraction efficiency were fabricated through the photoelectrochemical (PEC) process. The process procedures were consisted with the PEC selective wet oxidation on n-type GaN without p-type GaN layer, removing Ga2O3 layer, crystallographic wet etching process, and forming cone-shaped sidewall structure. The stable crystallographic etching planes were formed as the p-type GaN { } planes and n-type GaN { } planes with a 27{degree sign} included angle. The InGaN/GaN multi-quantum-well (MQW) layers were located at the cone's tip nano-structure in mesa-edge region, and the micro-photoluminescence spectrums had the blue shift phenomenon from 457.8nm to 450.8nm caused by the quantum confinement effect and particle compress strain released.
Interface Reaction Behavior between Mn and SiO<sub>2</sub> Formed by RF Sputter Deposition (2012)

The Present Work Investigated the Effects of Adsorbed Moisture in Substrates on the Growth of a Self-Forming Barrier Layer between Mn and SiO 2 . In Order to Control the Adsorbed Moisture, the Substrates of TEOS-SiO 2 /Si Were Pre-Annealed in Vacuum at Various Temperatures. Then, Mn Thin Films Were Deposited on the Substrate with or without Pre-Annealing. The Results of Interface Reaction after Additional Post-Annealing Indicated that an Interface Reaction Layer Becomes Thinner with Decreasing the Adsorbed Moisture in the SiO 2 Substrates.
Compound Operations of Asynchronous Generator and PWM Inverters for Passive ac Network Supply (2006)

The paper presents a performance analysis of standing alone asynchronous machines operating together with power converters for feeding passive electrical networks. The theoretical analysis requires the solution of a system of non-linear differential equations. The paper shows how this can be obtained when reference is made to steady-state conditions with both ideal PWM and square wave operations. Results of digital simulations for start-up operations are also given and they are validated by experimental tests.
Intra- and intermolecular hetero-Diels-Alder reactions. 45. Simple and induced diastereoselectivity in intramolecular hetero-Diels-Alder reactions of 1-oxa-1,3-butadienes. Experimental data and calculations (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntra- and intermolecular hetero-Diels-Alder reactions. 45. Simple and induced diastereoselectivity in intramolecular hetero-Diels-Alder reactions of 1-oxa-1,3-butadienes. Experimental data and calculationsLutz F. Tietze, Holger Geissler, Jens Fennen, Thomas Brumby, Siegbert Brand, and Gerhard SchulzCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 1, 182–191Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00080a030https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00080a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views456Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Low-temperature growth processes with helicon radio-frequency plasmas. TiO2 films and Pt/C nano-clusters (2015)

International audience
Beta-blocker and calcium channel blocker toxicity. (1994)

Toxicity from beta-blocker and calcium channel blocker drugs is a challenging medical emergency with steadily increasing incidence. Clinical manifestations of intoxication with these drugs are presented in light of known pharmacologic and pharmacokinetic properties, as well as the physiology of the beta-adrenoreceptor and calcium channel. Review of clinical and basic science literature provides the basis for specific management guidelines for beta-blocker and calcium channel blocker toxicity.
Dopamine Release at Individual Presynaptic Terminals Visualized with FFNs (2009)

The nervous system transmits signals between neurons via neurotransmitter release during synaptic vesicle fusion. To observe neurotransmitter uptake and release from individual presynaptic terminals directly, we designed fluorescent false neurotransmitters as substrates for the synaptic vesicle monoamine transporter. Using these probes to image dopamine release in the striatum, we made several observations pertinent to synaptic plasticity. We found that the fraction of synaptic vesicles releasing neurotransmitter per stimulus was dependent on the stimulus frequency. A kinetically distinct "reserve" synaptic vesicle population was not observed under these experimental conditions. A frequency-dependent heterogeneity of presynaptic terminals was revealed that was dependent in part on D2 dopamine receptors, indicating a mechanism for frequency-dependent coding of presynaptic selection.