gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
30.8 A 30GS/s double-switching track-and-hold amplifier with 19dBm IIP3 in an InP BiCMOS technology (2014)

High-speed track-and-hold amplifier (THA) circuits are critical for high-speed, high-resolution data converters, particularly in emerging 100Gb/s optical communication systems. High-speed CMOS analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) have been demonstrated to 56GS/s, but the linearity tends to rapidly degrade at high frequency. The use of a high-speed THA can broaden the frequency response, improve the distortion performance, and mitigate some of the timing requirements for high-speed time-interleaved ADCs. Recent THA work has leveraged high-f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> Indium Phosphide (InP) HBTs to implement 50GS/s track-and-hold amplifiers. Nonetheless, a two-chip solution consisting of an InP THA and time-interleaved CMOS ADCs is extremely difficult to package while retaining high-speed performance.
Pushing the Limits of the Maximum Punch-Through Design with an Advanced Buffer for Thin Wafer IGBTs (2020)

The maximum-punch-through (MPT) buffer is a state-of-the-art insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) field stop concept compatible with $\ge$ 200 mm diameter and thin wafer technology. $(\lt 200 \mu \mathrm{m})$ This buffer concept suited for low voltage (LV $\lt 2000\mathrm{V})$ applications has been studied here in the full technology curve V$_{CE} - E_{off}$ range. Furthermore, the extended operational capabilities and limitations of this buffer concept in terms of reverse bias safe operating area (RBSOA) and short-circuit (SC) have been evaluated. This was done in enhanced planar IGBT technology for 1200 V and 1700 V, 150 A rated, 13.6 x 13.6 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> devices within a wide operation temperature up to 175°C. In here we show how the RBSOA and SCSOA capabilities of the MPT buffer devices can be extended when low turn-off losses are required at room temperature. This was accomplished by the simple implementation of an extra proton peak creating the so-called controlled punch through (CPT) buffer making an already robust field stop technology stronger.
Genotoxicity associated with hydroxyurea exposure in infants with sickle cell anemia: Results from the BABY‐HUG phase III clinical trial (2011)

These data provide additional support to the safety profile of hydroxyurea for young patients with SCA, and suggest that genotoxicity in this patient population is low.
Targeted Replacement of Kv1.5 in the Mouse Leads to Loss of the 4-Aminopyridine–Sensitive Component of I K,slow and Resistance to Drug-Induced QT Prolongation (2001)

The K(+) channel mKv1.5 is thought to encode a 4-aminopyridine (4-AP)-sensitive component of the current I(K,slow) in the mouse heart. We used gene targeting to replace mKv1.5 with the 4-AP-insensitive channel rKv1.1 (SWAP mice) and directly test the role of Kv1.5 in the mouse ventricle. Kv1.5 RNA and protein were undetectable, rKv1.1 was expressed, and Kv2.1 protein was upregulated in homozygous SWAP hearts. The density of the K(+) current I(K,slow) (depolarizations to +40 mV, pA/pF) was similar in left ventricular myocytes isolated from SWAP homozygotes (17+/-1, n=27) and littermate controls (16+/-2, n=19). The densities and properties of I(peak), I(to,f), I(to,s), and I(ss) were also unchanged. In homozygous SWAP myocytes, the 50-micromol/L 4-AP-sensitive component of IK,slowwas absent (n=6), the density of the 20-mmol/L tetraethylammonium-sensitive component of I(K,slow) was increased (9+/-1 versus 5+/-1, P<0.05), and no 100- to 200-nmol/L alpha-dendrotoxin-sensitive current was found (n=8). APD(90) in SWAP myocytes was similar to controls at baseline but did not prolong in response to 30 micromol/L 4-AP. Similarly, QTc (ms) was not prolonged in anesthetized SWAP mice (64+/-2, homozygotes, n=9; 62+/-2, controls, n=9), and injection with 4-AP prolonged QTc only in controls (63+/-1, homozygotes; 72+/-2, controls; P<0.05). SWAP mice had no increase in arrhythmias during ambulatory telemetry monitoring. Thus, Kv1.5 encodes the 4-AP-sensitive component of I(K,slow) in the mouse ventricle and confers sensitivity to 4-AP-induced prolongation of APD and QTC: Compensatory upregulation of Kv2.1 may explain the phenotypic differences between SWAP mice and the previously described transgenic mice expressing a truncated dominant-negative Kv1.1 construct.
The BioMediator System as a Data Integration Tool to Answer Diverse Biologic Queries (2004)

We present the BioMediator (www.biomediator.org) system and the process of executing queries on it. The system was designed as a tool for posing queries across semantically and syntactically heterogeneous data particularly in the biological arena. We use examples from researchers at the University of Washington, and the University of Missouri-Columbia, to discuss the BioMediator system architecture, query execution, modifications to the system to support the queries, and summarize our findings and our future directions. Finally, we discuss the system's flexibility and generalized approach and give examples of how the system can be extended for a variety of objectives.
Rate-compatible convolutional codes for multirate DS-CDMA systems (1999)

New rate-compatible convolutional (RCC) codes with high constraint lengths and a wide range of code rates are presented. These new codes originate from rate 1/4 optimum distance spectrum (ODS) convolutional parent encoders with constraint lengths 7-10. Low rate encoders (rates 115 down to 1/10) are found by a nested search, and high rate encoders (rates above 1/4) are found by rate-compatible puncturing. The new codes form rate-compatible code families more powerful and flexible than those previously presented. It is shown that these codes are almost as good as the existing optimum convolutional codes of the same fates. The effects of varying the design parameters of the rate-compatible punctured convolutional (RCPC) codes, i.e., the parent encoder rate, the puncturing period, and the constraint length, are also examined. The new codes are then applied to a multicode direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) system and are shown to provide good performance and rate-matching capabilities. The results, which are evaluated in terms of the efficiency for Gaussian and Rayleigh fading channels, show that the system efficiency increases with decreasing code rate.
m6A-Related lncRNAs Are Potential Prognostic Biomarkers of Cervical Cancer and Affect Immune Infiltration (2022)

The correlation of m<sup>6</sup>A-related lncRNAs with the prognosis and immune microenvironment of cervical cancer is not yet clear. In this study, we identified 7 m<sup>6</sup>A-related prognostic lncRNAs by Pearson correlation and univariate Cox regression analyses based on TCGA-cervical cancer dataset. Then, patients were divided into two clusters by consensus clustering based on the 7 m<sup>6</sup>A-related prognostic lncRNA expression. Cluster 1 was characterized by survival and stage disadvantage, enrichment of immunosuppressive and carcinogenic activation pathways. Besides, cluster 1 had higher immunosuppressive factor TGFbeta and lower immune cell infiltration compared with cluster 2. According to the expression of 7 m<sup>6</sup>A-related lncRNA, a 6-m<sup>6</sup>A-related lncRNA risk score model was established in the training set by LASSO regression analysis. The high-risk group had worse overall survival than the low-risk group. No matter in the training or validation sets, the m<sup>6</sup>A-related lncRNA risk score was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival. Meanwhile, we validated the independent prognostic value of risk score in the disease-specific survival and progression-free survival by multivariate Cox analysis. The high-risk group was characterized by higher TGFbeta and regulatory T cell and was rich in malignant pathways. Additionally, we also detected and compared the expression levels of four m<sup>6</sup>A-related prognostic lncRNA in 9 tumor samples and 9 normal tissues using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. In conclusion, the novel m<sup>6</sup>A-related lncRNA risk score is a potential prognostic predictor of cervical cancer patients. These 6 m<sup>6</sup>A-related lncRNAs might serve as key mediators of the immune microenvironment and represent promising therapeutic targets for improving cervical cancer prognosis.
Phase change interface stability during isochoric solidification of an aqueous solution (2020)

The stability of solid–liquid interfaces during solidification is a physical phenomenon of fundamental interest with a wide range of practical applications, including the freezing of biological matter for medical and agricultural purposes. Much of the classical research in this field treats solidification in isobaric (constant-pressure) systems in which the phase transition typically occurs under constant atmospheric pressure. Recent research has found, however, that freezing in isochoric (constant-volume) systems in which the solidifying material is confined within a high-strength constant-volume chamber held at subfreezing temperatures gives rise to many atypical physical phenomena, and understanding of the solid–liquid interface behavior under isochoric conditions is currently lacking. In this work, we study the stability and propagation of the solid–liquid interface during isochoric freezing of aqueous solutions. Using a mathematical model of heat and mass transfer during solidification coupled with multiple criteria for predicting the emergence of interfacial instabilities based on temperature and concentration gradients in the phase transition region, we find that isochoric freezing significantly stabilizes the solid–liquid interface relative to isobaric freezing, suggesting the potential for extended growth of planar, non-dendritic interfaces.
Woronin Body Function in Magnaporthe grisea Is Essential for Efficient Pathogenesis and for Survival during Nitrogen Starvation Stress (2004)

The Woronin body is a peroxisome-derived dense-core vesicle that is specific to several genera of filamentous ascomycetes, where it has been shown to seal septal pores in response to cellular damage. The Hexagonal peroxisome (Hex1) protein was recently identified as a major constituent of the Woronin body and shown to be responsible for self-assembly of the dense core of this organelle. Using a mutation in the Magnaporthe grisea HEX1 ortholog, we define a dual and essential function for Woronin bodies during the pathogenic phase of the rice blast fungus. We show that the Woronin body is initially required for proper development and function of appressoria (infection structures) and subsequently necessary for survival of infectious fungal hyphae during invasive growth and host colonization. Fungal mycelia lacking HEX1 function were unable to survive nitrogen starvation in vitro, suggesting that in planta growth defects are a consequence of the mutant's inability to cope with nutritional stress. Thus, Woronin body function provides the blast fungus with an important defense against the antagonistic and nutrient-limiting environment encountered within the host plant.
Developmental Changes in Coordination of Infant Arm and Leg Movements and the Emergence of Function (2014)

We conducted a longitudinal kinematic study of spontaneous arm and leg motions in 4 supine infants at 3, 4½, and 6 months of age. The study addressed two questions: (a) whether there was a longitudinal change in the synchronization of joint rotations at the hips, knees, shoulders, and elbows, indicating that the arms and legs were moving more independently of each other; and (b) whether, during this period, the spatial location of the hands relative to the shoulders was different from that of the feet relative to the hips, indicating that the infants were beginning to use their upper limbs differently than their lower limbs. We found that, in general, the arms and legs were moving more independently of each other by 6 months of age. At the same time, the infants were more likely to hold their hands away from the body in preparation for making contact with an object in the midline, but they brought their feet close to the body to maximize propulsive kicks. Thus, a reorganization of the relative timing of joint rotations appears to be related to the emergence of different arm and leg functions.
Model‐based design and control of a small‐scale integrated continuous end‐to‐end mAb platform (2020)

A continuous integrated bioprocess available from the earliest stages of process development allows for an easier, more efficient and faster development and characterization of an integrated process as well as production of small-scale drug candidates. The process presented in this article is a proof-of-concept of a continuous end-to-end monoclonal antibody production platform at a very small scale based on a 200 ml alternating tangential flow filtration perfusion bioreactor, integrated with the purification process with a model-based design and control. The downstream process, consisting of a periodic twin-column protein A capture, a virus inactivation, a CEX column and an AEX column, was compactly implemented in a single chromatography system, with a purification time of less than 4 hr. Monoclonal antibodies were produced for 17 days in a high cell density perfusion culture of CHO cells with titers up to 1.0 mg/ml. A digital twin of the downstream process was created by modelling all the chromatography steps. These models were used for real-time decision making by the implementation of control strategies to automatize and optimize the operation of the process. A consistent glycosylation pattern of the purified product was ensured by the steady state operation of the process. Regarding the removal of impurities, at least a 4-log reduction in the HCP levels was achieved. The recovery yield was up to 60%, and a maximum productivity of 0.8 mg/ml/day of purified product was obtained.
The LuWD40-1 Gene Encoding WD Repeat Protein Regulates Growth and Pollen Viability in Flax (Linum Usitatissimum L.) (2013)

As a crop, flax holds significant commercial value for its omega-3 rich oilseeds and stem fibres. Canada is the largest producer of linseed but there exists scope for significant yield improvements. Implementation of mechanisms such as male sterility can permit the development of hybrids to assist in achieving this goal. Temperature sensitive male sterility has been reported in flax but the leakiness of this system in field conditions limits the production of quality hybrid seeds. Here, we characterized a 2,588 bp transcript differentially expressed in male sterile lines of flax. The twelve intron gene predicted to encode a 368 amino acid protein has five WD40 repeats which, in silico, form a propeller structure with putative nucleic acid and histone binding capabilities. The LuWD40-1 protein localized to the nucleus and its expression increased during the transition and continued through the vegetative stages (seed, etiolated seedling, stem) while the transcript levels declined during reproductive development (ovary, anthers) and embryonic morphogenesis of male fertile plants. Knockout lines for LuWD40-1 in flax failed to develop shoots while overexpression lines showed delayed growth phenotype and were male sterile. The non-viable flowers failed to open and the pollen grains from these flowers were empty. Three independent transgenic lines overexpressing the LuWD40-1 gene had ∼80% non-viable pollen, reduced branching, delayed flowering and maturity compared to male fertile genotypes. The present study provides new insights into a male sterility mechanism present in flax.
Growth, structure, and transport properties of thin (&gt;10 nm) n-type microcrystalline silicon prepared on silicon oxide and its application to single-electron transistor (2001)

Microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H) thin films were prepared at 300 °C on glass. Their structure and transport properties were studied in a wide range of film thickness ranging from 10 nm to 1 μm. The crystal fraction increases monotonously from ∼64% to ∼100% as film thickness increases. Electron mobility first increases with increasing film thickness at thicknesses smaller than 50 nm but saturates at larger thickness. This mobility behavior is explained by percolation transport through crystalline grains. These results are different from those obtained with preferentially oriented polycrystalline silicon films. It is related to the difference in the microstructure evolution in which subsequent film growth is influenced by the growth surface structure. A single-electron transistor fabricated in 30-nm-thick μc-Si:H exhibits Coulomb blockade effects at 4.2 K. This result indicates that amorphous phases which exist between crystalline grains behave as tunnel barrier for electrons.
Synthesis and Characteristic of Polyurethane Modified Silicone (2015)

Polyurethane modified silicone (PUMS) was synthesized from various molecular weights of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS 2000, PDMS 6000, PDMS 20000), polypropyleneglycol with molecular weight of 3000 g/mol (PPG 3000) and 2,4-toluenediisocyanate (TDI) under tin catalyst. Their structures were confirmed by the measurement of FT-IR and <TEX>$^1H-NMR$</TEX>, and the thermal properties were studied from DSC and TGA. Glass transition temperature of PUMS exhibited exothermic peak at <TEX>$-63{\sim}-69^{\circ}C$</TEX>, and residual weight was 19~35% at <TEX>$800^{\circ}C$</TEX>.
Joint reference signal design and Kalman/Wiener channel estimation for FDD massive MIMO. Extended Report Version. (2017)

Joint reference signal design and Kalman/Wiener channel estimation for FDD massive MIMO. Extended Report Version.
Development of a Structural Health Monitoring System for Guangzhou New TV Tower (2008)

A long-term structural health monitoring (SHM) system consisting of more than 600 sensors has been designed and is being implemented by The Hong Kong Polytechnic University to the Guangzhou New TV Tower (GNTVT) of 610 m high. This monitoring system is one of few SHM practices that integrate in-construction monitoring and in-service monitoring. It is also designed to perform a special function of verifying the effectiveness of vibration control devices to be installed on the tower. The sensory system for in-construction monitoring includes a weather station, a total station, anemometers, zenithal telescopes, level sensors, theodolites, global positioning systems, vibrating wire gauges, thermometers, digital video cameras, and accelerometers (for ambient vibration monitoring at several construction stages), and the sensory system for in-service monitoring includes a weather station, anemometers, wind pressure sensors, vibrating wire gauges, thermometers, global positioning systems, digital video cameras, accelerometers, a seismograph, corrosion sensors, tiltmeters, and fiber optic sensors (for dynamic strain and temperature monitoring). The strain and temperature at the inner structure during construction are continuously monitored by a wireless data acquisition system. This paper outlines the design and implementation of this SHM system.
Presence detection using wideband audio-ultrasound sensor (2012)

A presence detection scheme is proposed for determining occupancy in indoor spaces using a wideband audio-ultrasound sensor. The scheme involves ultrasonic detection by processing the echoes due to transmission of a pulsed sinusoidal waveform, in combination with audio event detection at lower frequencies. The resulting binary detection results are then fused using an OR rule. The proposed scheme improves detection performance by determining occupancy under silent presence and still presence conditions. Experimental results are shown to validate the obtained improvement in probability of detection, while maintaining a given probability of false alarm.
Probabilistic analysis of the effect of wind speed variations on power quality of power systems (2016)

Power system probabilistic-based studies have been performed for many years and are widely accepted by researchers and utilities. Such studies are capable of considering uncertainties of power system such as random failures of equipment and uncertainties in load forecast. With the increase of the penetration of renewable energy sources to power systems, new and additional uncertainties are needed to be considered in power system analysis. This paper presents a study methodology for evaluating the effect of wind speed variations on the power quality of power systems. A Monte Carlo Simulation method is used in the studies described in this paper assuming wind speed follows a Weibull distribution. Power flow is performed using a commercial program.
Moment method analysis of dielectrically loaded antennas (1998)

The method of moments is used to analyse the impact of square cylindrical dielectric loading on electrically thin circular cylindrical wire antennas. The dielectric inhomogeneity is modelled by equivalent volume polarization currents with the conduction currents on the wire and the polarization currents in the dielectric being treated as independent unknowns. The technique is very efficient in terms of computation time and can be used to analyse arbitrary dielectric loading on a wide variety of antenna structures.
Decoding the hype and fear of nanomedicines (2012)

Does nanotechnology offer a cure-all or a kill all? We speak with Ruth Duncan about the real potential of nanomedicines.
Status and future aspects in nanoscale surface inspection of ferroics by scanning probe microscopy (2001)

Abstract The unbroken need of nanoscale characterisation methods for ferroelectric and ferroelastic materials unambiguously points towards the use and implementation of scanning probe instruments (SPM). This article clearly summarises the actual possibilities of addressing scanning force microscopy (SFM) in order to measure distinct surface properties like the surface chemical constitution, the surface polarisation making up the internal and external electric field, the 3-dimensional polarisation distribution, the switching properties, etc. We point out which method is best suited in order to unambiguously record the desired property. Then future trends in nanoscale surface and bulk inspection with SPM are formulated.
An analysis of the resonance frequencies of stepped, clamped‐free torsional mode resonators and their applications to quartz crystal tuning fork (1996)

Abstract This paper describes torsional mode quartz crystal resonators of the tuning fork type with stepped vibration bars. A frequency equation and a transcendental equation were derived from the “clamped‐free” boundary condition and the stepped portion of the continuity condition, respectively. Because these equations were given as a function of torsional rigidity, the torsional rigidity was derived from the equation of equilibrium. From related equations, it was shown that high or low frequency could be obtained without a change in length. The calculated results were then compared with the measured values so that both results would be in good agreement.