gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acceptability of alginate enriched bread and its effect on fat digestion in humans (2019)

Lifestyle interventions and physical activity remain the cornerstone of obesity management, as pharmacological therapies (orlistat) are associated with gastrointestinal (GI) side effects. Combining orlistat with fibers can reduce side effects, improving compliance. Therefore, a fiber that inhibits lipase without side effects could help treat obesity. The aims of the present work were to assess whether alginate enriched bread could inhibit fat digestion, and assess the acceptability of alginate bread and its effect on GI wellbeing. A double-blind, randomised, controlled cross-over pilot study (NCT03350958) assessed the impact of an alginate bread meal on; lipid content in ileal effluent and circulating triacylglycerol levels. This was compared against the same meal with non-enriched (control) bread. GI wellbeing and acceptability of alginate bread was compared to control bread through daily wellbeing questionnaires and food diaries (NCT03477981). Control bread followed by alginate bread were consumed for two weeks respectively. Consumption of alginate bread reduced circulating triacylglycerol compared to control (2% reduction in AUC) and significantly increased lipid content in ileal effluent (3.8 g ± 1.6 after 210 min). There were no significant changes to GI wellbeing when comparing alginate bread to control bread. A significant increase in the feeling of fullness occurred with alginate bread compared to baseline and the first week of control bread consumption. This study showed that sustained consumption of alginate enriched bread does not alter GI wellbeing and can decrease lipolysis, increasing lipid leaving the small intestine. Further studies are required to demonstrate that reduced fat digestion through the action of alginate can reduce fat mass or body weight.
P1214RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHANGE IN DIALYSATE CONDUCTIVITY AND INTRAPERITONEAL VOLUME DURING PET (2020)

Abstract Background and Aims Bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) has been widely applied to measure fluid volume in dialysis patients. A fundamentally important, yet unanswered question is how changes in fluid conductivity affects the accuracy of BIS measurements. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the change in intraperitoneal volume (IPV) is – as hypothesized - linearly correlated with the change in dialysate conductivity during a peritoneal equilibrium test (PET). Method Four PD patients (age 58±13 years, three males, weight 87.8±28 kg) were studied during a standard PET. Segmental BIS was continuously measured with eight electrodes placed between rib and buttock on both sides of the body using a Hydra 4200 (Xitron Technologies Inc ). IPV was calculated based on BIS recordings as recently published (Zhu, Kidney Blood Press Res 2019;44:1465–1475). Dialysate samples were collected hourly from baseline to the end of dwell. Dialysate conductivity was measured with a portable conductivity meter (CDH-280-KIT, Omega Engineering Inc, CT, USA). Results In all patients dialysate conductivity increased significantly (p&amp;lt;0.0001) from baseline (11.14±0.15 mS/cm) to the end of dwell (12.5±0.58 mS/cm) (Fig a). In 2 patients (Fig b and c) IPV and conductivity were linearly correlated; in one patient (Fig d) the relationship was nonlinear and absent in another one (Fig e). Conclusion Although the number of patients in this study was small, the results clearly indicated that dialysate conductivity increased linearly over time during PET. The correlation between dialysate conductivity and IPV is not linear and may be driven by other factors, such as dialysate electrolyte levels. In future studies measurements of dialysate electrolytes are necessary to better understand the drivers of the IPV / conductivity relationship.
129Xe NMR as a probe of polymer blends (1992)

Abstract The miscibility of two‐component polymer blends has been investigated using xenon‐129 ( 129 Xe) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to probe the phase morphology. The chemical shift of 129 Xe dissolved in a given polymer is unique, thus heterogeneous blends with large domain sizes exhibit two 129 Xe NMR lines. When a single resonance is obtained, the data are consistent with miscibility, yielding an upper bound on the domain size. The temperature dependence of the relative solubilities and chemical shifts of 129 Xe dissolved in the pure components may allow a determination of the phase morphology in blends exhibiting a single resonance. The method is used to demonstrate that polychloroprene and 25% epoxidized 1,4‐polyisoprene form a miscible blend.
α-Na3M2(PO4)3 (M = Ti, Fe): Absolute Cationic Ordering in NASICON-Type Phases (2011)

The structure of the fully ordered α-Na(3)Ti(2)(PO(4))(3) NASICON compound was elucidated using high-quality single-crystal data. The cation/vacancy distribution forms a homogeneous 3D arrangement and could represent the absolute cationic ordering available in the full Na(3)M(2)(PO(4))(3) series, as verified for M = Fe. For M = Ti, the reversible α → γ transition was observed at 85 °C, leading to the standard disordered R ̅3c γ model. Through JPDF analysis, the most probable Na(+) zigzag M(2)-M(1) diffusion scheme was directly deduced using our accurate crystallographic data.
Targeted NF1 cancer therapeutics with multiple modes of action: small molecule hormone-like agents resembling the natural anticancer metabolite, 2-methoxyoestradiol (2015)

STX3451 provides a new approach for inducing cell death and lowering tumour burden in NF1 and other hormone-responsive cancers with limited treatment options.
Ionization in low-keV-energy Ar+Ar collisions (1975)

Ionization in Ar+Ar collisions is studied at beam energies of 2.00, 2.50, and 3.00 keV over an angular range from 2.0\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} to 12.0\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}. The ionization probability (${P}_{1}$) shows a threshold for $\ensuremath{\tau}\ensuremath{\approx}5$ keV deg and a second rise for $\ensuremath{\tau}\ensuremath{\approx}25$ keV deg. The scattered ion beam is energy analyzed at selected energies and angles. For $2&lt;\ensuremath{\tau}&lt;12$ keV deg the ion energy-loss spectra show a double-peaked structure, at an 18-eV and at a 29-eV energy loss. At larger $\ensuremath{\tau}$ there is predominately one peak in the spectra at 43 eV. The energy losses and $\ensuremath{\tau}$ dependence of ${P}_{1}$ suggest that the 29- and 43-eV processes involve excitation of autoionizing states. Additional results at beam energies of 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, and 1.50 keV show ${P}_{1}(\ensuremath{\tau})$ to be velocity dependent at these lower energies.
Strategies for Maximizing Access to Public Commercial Hot Spots (2007)

With all the ongoing commotion about Wi-Fi access gravitating towards free since the inception of the hotspot industry, it might come as a surprise that most networks in high profile locations remain for-fee, commercial hotspots. Among the top airports, fewer than 10% have chosen to deploy free Wi-Fi. Even within the airline club rooms, most of the clubs charge for service – or outsource the service to an operator who charges for service.
Nusinersen in later-onset spinal muscular atrophy (2019)

This study provides Class IV evidence that nusinersen improves motor function in children with later-onset SMA.
Polymères fonctionnels phosphorylés : interactions biospécifiques avec des protéines humaines, anticorps anti-adn, antiphospholipides et facteurs de transcription (1988)

Des resines derivees du polystyrene reticule ont ete synthetisees. Ces polymeres sont fonctionnalises par des groupements chimiques analogues a ceux de l'adn et des phospholipides. L'affinite biospecifique de ces resines pour des proteines humaines qui admettent pour substrat l'adn et les phospholipides : anticorps anti adn, anti phospholipide, facteurs de transcription de l'adn. Les anticorps qui sont presents dans le sang des patients atteints de lupus erythemateux dissemine (l. E. D) ont montre une affinite specifique tres elevee pour les derives fonctionnels du polystyrene;ces interactions impliquent le fragment fab des immunoglobulines lupiques et des sites distribues de facon statistique a la surface des polymeres. Les polymeres fonctionnels phosphoryles permettent en tant que phase stationnaire la resolution chromatographique d'extraits cellulaires contenant des facteurs de transcription de l'adn
Low-Complexity MMSE Combining for Linear Impulse Radio UWB Receivers (2006)

Due to the fine delay resolution of typical ultra wideband (UWB) systems, Rake receivers need to combine samples from a large number of multipath components (MPCs) in order to collect sufficient signal energy for reliable decisions. In addition, these samples need to be combined optimally in order to minimize bit error probability. The optimal linear minimum mean square error (MMSE) combining scheme might require inversion of a large matrix depending on channel and system parameters. Therefore, suboptimal algorithms with lower computational complexity but close-to-optimal performance are desirable. In this paper, a low-complexity combining scheme is proposed for that purpose, which divides samples into a number of groups and performs MMSE combining in two steps. Performance of this two-step combining scheme is investigated theoretically and by simulations.
Model based non-invasive estimation of PV loop from echocardiography (2014)

We introduce a model-based approach for the non-invasive estimation of patient specific, left ventricular PV loops. A lumped parameter circulation model is used, composed of the pulmonary venous circulation, left atrium, left ventricle and the systemic circulation. A fully automated parameter estimation framework is introduced for model personalization, composed of two sequential steps: first, a series of parameters are computed directly, and, next, a fully automatic optimization-based calibration method is employed to iteratively estimate the values of the remaining parameters. The proposed methodology is first evaluated for three healthy volunteers: a perfect agreement is obtained between the computed quantities and the clinical measurements. Additionally, for an initial validation of the methodology, we computed the PV loop for a patient with mild aortic valve regurgitation and compared the results against the invasively determined quantities: there is a close agreement between the time-varying LV and aortic pressures, time-varying LV volumes, and PV loops.
In vivo thickness dynamics measurement of tear film lipid and aqueous layers with optical coherence tomography and maximum-likelihood estimation (2016)

Dry eye disease (DED) is a common ophthalmic condition that is characterized by tear film instability and leads to ocular surface discomfort and visual disturbance. Advancements in the understanding and management of this condition have been limited by our ability to study the tear film secondary to its thin structure and dynamic nature. Here, we report a technique to simultaneously estimate the thickness of both the lipid and aqueous layers of the tear film in vivo using optical coherence tomography and maximum-likelihood estimation. After a blink, the lipid layer was rapidly thickened at an average rate of 10 nm/s over the first 2.5 s before stabilizing, whereas the aqueous layer continued thinning at an average rate of 0.29 μm/s of the 10 s blink cycle. Further development of this tear film imaging technique may allow for the elucidation of events that trigger tear film instability in DED.
Preface (2008)

This volume, the reader is holding in his hands or reading via online journal access is a diversified collection of the papers presented by a number of internationally distinguished academic scholars and talented industrial researchers. Every paper represents an independent effort of a single author or a team, however, all of them are about securing our energy future and making our planet "cleaner and greener". Technology developers lately turned into employing the oxygen or oxygen enhancement techniques for significant improvement of the energy conversion processes. It is known that employing oxygen provides a lot of energy saving and environmental benefits for industrial processes. Innovative "Zero Emission Technologies" studied by Gorski and Yantovsky could deliver a viable alternative for increasing energy efficiency and reducing GHG emissions. An interesting topic is presented by Nosach and Shraiber in the series of three subsequent papers  thermochemical reforming of natural gas in the flow of combustion products for power generation. The proposed schemes allow significant improvement of the variety of power plants efficiency and GHG emission reduction. New combustion systems and burners development attract many scientists and engineers all over the world to more efficient and cleaner burning of fossil fuels. In that increasing effort the research community nowadays focuses on innovative combustion concepts and techniques, new materials development and use, as well as post-combustion controls of GHG emissions mitigation. The numerical and experimental works presented by Viskanta and Alterdorfner et al. are devoted to inert porous media for advanced combustion devices. Soroka presented an extensive development work on a flat-flame burner for industrial applications, while Borissov and Shtern discussed the specific details of the advanced vortex combustor. World industry starts actively implementing innovative approaches to using the opportunity fuels such as hot exhaust from a variety of industrial processes, syngas from the solid fuels gasification, as well as biomass fuels such as agricultural residues. Carvalho et al. discuss the main challenges in small-scale combustion of agricultural biomass fuels in the countries of the European Union. An unique method of advanced indirect evaporative cooling is discussed by Gillan. The method was extensively and independently studied by a number of international research organizations concluding significant reduction in electric demands for a wide spectrum of cooling applications. Air conditioners recently manufactured based on this method do not use any refrigerants and reduce energy consumption as opposed to traditional refrigerant-based vapor compression systems. Several papers of this volume discuss and review numerical, experimental and field test methodology (C.Salvador et al., I Fedchenia et al., G. Scheffknecht)  all are very important for the research performance and results analysis in the energy conservation and GHG emission mitigation area. We would like to thank all the authors for their valuable contribution to this issue.
Re-expansion method for circular waveguide discontinuities: Application to concentric expansion chambers (2012)

The paper applies the re-expansion method for analyzing planar discontinuities at the junction of two axi-symmetrical circular waveguides. The normal modes in the two waveguides are expanded at the junction plane into a system of functions accounting for velocity singularities at the corner points. As the new expansion has a high convergence order, only a few terms have to be considered for obtaining the solution of most practical problems. This paper gives the equivalent impedance accounting for nonplanar waves into a plane-wave analysis and also the scattering matrix describing the coupling of arbitrary modes at each side of the discontinuity valid in the case of many propagating modes in both sides of the duct. The last section applies the re-expansion technique to some concentric expansion chambers providing an explicit formula for the transmission loss coefficient.
Supplementary Tables 1-8 from Targeting RET Kinase in Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Table 1: Known genetic mutations of genes commonly mutated in mCRPC in cell lines used in phosphoproteome analysis Supplemental Table 2: Phospho-Serine/Threonine proteome of Prostate Cancer Adenocarcinoma and Aggressive Variant Prostate Cancer Cell Lines Supplemental Table 3: Phospho-Tyrosine proteome of Prostate Cancer Adenocarcinoma and Aggressive Variant Prostate Cancer Cell Lines Supplemental Table 4: Kinase Substrate Enrichment Analysis results from phospho-serine/threonine proteome dataset Supplemental Table 5: Kinase Substrate Enrichment Analysis results from phospho-tyrosine proteome dataset Supplemental Table 6: Phospho-Serine/Threonine proteome of Adenocarcinoma or Small cell/Mixed phenotype mCRPC patient samples Supplemental Table 7. Spearman's Correlation Between the Dependency Ranks of RET and Other Genes in Prostate Cancer Cell Lines Supplemental Table 8. RET Dependency Scores of Cancer Cell Lines&lt;/p&gt;
230. Designing High-Titer Lentiviral Vectors for Gene Therapy of Sickle-Cell Disease (2016)

Sickle cell disease (SCD, OMIM 603903) is one the most common inherited blood disorders worldwide, caused by a single amino acid substitution (E6V) in the β-globin chain. SCD is associated with abnormal red cell morphology, hemolytic anemia, vascular occlusion, severe pain, progressive organ damage and reduced life expectancy. Gene therapy by transplantation of autologous, genetically corrected hematopoietic stem cells could be a therapeutic alternative, particularly in patients lacking an allogeneic bone marrow donor. Recent attempts to treat β-thalassemia and SCD with gene therapy showed encouraging results as well as potential limits of a technology based on complex lentiviral vectors for stem cell transduction due to the vector size and complexity, and limited globin synthesis. Designing an efficient vector that combines high-level globin expression with high titer and infectivity remains a formidable challenge. The GLOBE vector carries a β-globin gene under the control of its promoter and a reduced version of the β-globin locus control region (LCR); it was designed to reduce the size and complexity of the LCR while maintaining its enhancer and chromatin opening activity (Miccio et al., PNAS 2008). Based on the GLOBE design, we developed novel LVs for SCD gene therapy, carrying a modified transgene encoding an anti-sickling β-globin gene with 3 amino acid substitutions (AS3), alternative β-globin promoters and a short sequence (FB) with insulating and enhancer-blocking activity in the LTR. The vectors are produced at high titer and reproducibly transduce 60-70% of human BM CD34+ cell-derived clonogenic progenitors at an average VCN of 3. The GLOBE vectors were compared to the Lenti/βAS3-FB vector (Romero, Urbinati et al. JCI 2013), previously developed for a gene therapy clinical trial of SCD. We will present data comparing the different vectors for transduction efficiency in BM CD34+ cells from healthy donors and SCD patients, βAS3-globin transgene expression and anti-sickling activity, in vivo repopulation activity in NSG mice and vector integration profiles in repopulating cells before and after transplantation. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of different LV vectors, useful to determine the optimal candidate for gene therapy of SCD that can provide high transduction of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells (HSPCs) as well as maintaining an adequate expression of the anti-sickling globin gene.
Discrete and continuous maxima in MC signals (2007)

In many situations it is beneficial to deal with a discrete-time “sampled” version of multicarrier signals. This reduction allows passing from the continuous setting to an easier-to-handle discrete one. However, we have to estimate the inaccuracies stemming from the approach. In this chapter, I analyze the ratio between the maximum of the absolute value of a continuous MC signal and the maximum over a set of the signal's samples. We start with considering the ratio when the signal is sampled at the Nyquist frequency, i.e. the number of sampling points equals the number of tones. In this case I show that the maximum of the ratio over all MC signals grows with the number of subcarriers (Theorem 4.2). However, if one computes a weighted sum of the maximum of the signal's samples and the maximum of the signal derivative's samples the ratio already is, at most, a constant (Theorem 4.5). I further show that actually the ratio depends on the maximum of the signal; the larger the maximum is the smaller is the ratio (Theorem 4.6). An even better strategy is to use over sampling. Then the ratio becomes constant tending to 1 when the over sampling rate grows (Theorems 4.8, 4.9, 4.10, and 4.11). Furthermore, I tackle the case when we have to use the maximum estimation, projections on specially chosen measuring axes instead of the absolute values of the signal (Theorem 4.14). Finally, I address the problem of relation between the PAPR and the PMEPR and show that the PMEPR estimates the PAPR quite accurately for large values of the carrier frequency (Theorem 4.19).
Patterns of Relapse and Implications for Post-Nephrectomy Surveillance in Patients with High Risk Nonclear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Subgroup Analysis of the Phase 3 ECOG-ACRIN E2805 Trial (2018)

Nonclear cell renal cell carcinoma may show a distinct pattern of relapse compared to clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Our findings emphasize the importance of cross-sectional, long-term imaging in patients with high risk, resected, nonclear cell renal cell carcinoma.
Drug products for clinical trials : an international guide to formulation, production, quality control (1998)

The Importance of the Role of the Clinical Trials Materials Manager, Donald C. Monkhouse and C. T. Rhodes Drug Discovery Considerations, Andrew J. Gorman and David Bergstrom Clinical Development of a New Chemical Entity, Graham J. Frank Formulations Used in Clinical Trials and Their Bioequivalency to Marketed Product, C. T. Rhodes Drug Substance Development Issues in the Control and Production of Clinical Supplies, Vasken Paragamian Formulation Design Considerations, John M. Baldoni and Choon K. Oh Planning for Clinical Trial Supplies: Interaction Between Clinical Research Clinical Manufacturing, and Clinical Packaging, Cary Blume Clinical Supply Manufacture, Gary W. Goodson and William C. Stagner Clinical Supply Packaging, Dorothy M. Dolfini and Frank J. Tiano Quality Control, Christopher J. Potter Stability of Drugs and Drug Products in Clinical Packaging, Jens T. Carstensen Containment Facilities for Production of Clinical Supplies, John E. Vogan and Jean Corriveau Contract Manufacturing and Packaging of Clinical Trial Supplies, Maureen E. Spataro and Michael G. Dragoon Overseas Trials, Peter J. Baines, Susan A. Charman, Gillian M. Clarke, Robin S. Roman, and Susan M. Walters Blinding Clinical Trial Supplies, Thomas L. Jeatran and James Clark Application of Computers in the Production and Control of Clinical Trial Supplies, Jeffrey D. Kosterich Total Quality Management of Clinical Trial Supplies, Nicholas P. Barker
A Study of Thermal Cutting of Glass (1999)

Thermal stresses due to a hot‐air jet impinging on a glass sheet can be used to stably initiate and attract a crack toward the jet axis. Relative motion between the jet and glass sheet then can be used to cut the glass sheet. This paper presents a theoretical and experimental study of this process for straight cuts. The model consists of sequentially coupled thermal and stress analyses for different cutting velocities. The stress field is used to compute stress‐intensity factors for different assumed positions of a crack behind the moving air jet. The minimum air temperature for cutting and the stand‐off distance of the crack behind the nozzle increase as the cutting velocity increases. The various process and material parameters that control the process‐including cutting speed, air temperature, and sheet thickness‐are reduced to dimensionless numbers. Theoretical results, presented as a map in the space of these dimensionless numbers, describe the conditions under which cutting is possible. An experimental cutting apparatus has been constructed and used to validate the heat‐transfer analyses. Cutting experiments on this apparatus are in good agreement with the model.