gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cellular electrical impedance to profile SARS-CoV-2 fusion inhibitors and to assess the fusogenic potential of spike mutants (2023)

Despite the vaccination campaigns for COVID-19, we still cannot control the spread of SARS-CoV-2, as evidenced by the ongoing circulation of the Omicron variants of concern. This highlights the need for broad-spectrum antivirals to further combat COVID-19 and to be prepared for a new pandemic with a (re-)emerging coronavirus. An interesting target for antiviral drug development is the fusion of the viral envelope with host cell membranes, a crucial early step in the replication cycle of coronaviruses. In this study, we explored the use of cellular electrical impedance (CEI) to quantitatively monitor morphological changes in real time, resulting from cell-cell fusion elicited by SARS-CoV-2 spike. The impedance signal in CEI-quantified cell-cell fusion correlated with the expression level of SARS-CoV-2 spike in transfected HEK293T cells. For antiviral assessment, we validated the CEI assay with the fusion inhibitor EK1 and measured a concentration-dependent inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 spike mediated cell-cell fusion (IC<sub>50</sub> value of 0.13 μM). In addition, CEI was used to confirm the fusion inhibitory activity of the carbohydrate-binding plant lectin UDA against SARS-CoV-2 (IC<sub>50</sub> value of 0.55 μM), which complements prior in-house profiling activities. Finally, we explored the utility of CEI in quantifying the fusogenic potential of mutant spike proteins and in comparing the fusion efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. In summary, we demonstrate that CEI is a powerful and sensitive technology that can be applied to studying the fusion process of SARS-CoV-2 and to screening and characterizing fusion inhibitors in a label-free and non-invasive manner.
Blocks-to-CAD (2018)

Learning a new software application can be a challenge, requiring the user to enter a new environment where their existing knowledge and skills do not apply, or worse, work against them. To ease this transition, we propose the idea of cross-application bridges that start with the interface of a familiar application, and gradually change their interaction model, tools, conventions, and appearance to resemble that of an application to be learned. To investigate this idea, we developed Blocks-to-CAD, a cross-application bridge from Minecraft-style games to 3D solid modeling. A user study of our system demonstrated that our modifications to the game did not hurt enjoyment or increase cognitive load, and that players could successfully apply knowledge and skills learned in the game to tasks in a popular 3D solid modeling application. The process of developing Blocks-to-CAD also revealed eight design strategies that can be applied to design cross-application bridges for other applications and domains.
Could conditioned medium be used instead of stem cell transplantation to repair spinal cord injury in animal models? Identifying knowledge gaps (2023)

The drawbacks of stem cell (SC) therapies have led to investigations of SC conditioned medium (CM) instead of SC transplantation in the repair of spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the effectiveness of CM in comparison with cell transplantation in SCI models remain an open and intriguing question. The focus of this review was to survey existing publications addressing this comparison. The review included articles from electronic databases Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science that included comparisons of the effects of CM versus SC transplantation and versus controls on locomotion after SCI. The search yielded 5 studies and 6 experiments. The results indicated that there was insufficient evidence to conclude that treatment with CM and source cells were equally effective (SMD = 0.12; 95% CI = -0.36 to 0.59; p = 0.07). Regarding investigations of separate effects of SCs versus CM, there currently is limited evidence on efficacy in SCI models. This highlights a notable concern affecting this field. Thus, we identified critical knowledge gaps concerning comparisons of the efficacy of therapeutic application of SC and their derived CM on functional recovery following SCI.
Catalytic Alkane Transfer Dehydrogenation by PSP-Pincer-Ligated Ruthenium. Deactivation of an Extremely Reactive Fragment by Formation of Allyl Hydride Complexes (2019)

Iridium complexes bearing PCP-type pincer ligands are the most effective catalysts reported to date for the low-temperature (≤ca. 200 °C) dehydrogenation of alkanes. To investigate the activity of formally isoelectronic ruthenium complexes, we have synthesized the neutral 2,7-di-tert-butyl-4,5-bis(diisopropylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylthioxanthene (iPrxanPSP) pincer ligand and several Ru complexes thereof. The (iPrxanPSP)Ru complexes catalyze alkane transfer dehydrogenation of the benchmark cyclooctane/t-butylethylene (COA/TBE) couple with turnover frequencies up to ca. 1 s–1 at 150 °C and 0.2 s–1 at 120 °C, the highest rates for alkane dehydrogenation ever reported at such temperatures. Dehydrogenation of n-octane, however, is much less effective. A combination of experiment and DFT calculations allow us to explain why (iPrxanPSP)Ru is more effective than (iPrPCP)Ir for dehydrogenation of COA, while the reverse is true for dehydrogenation of n-alkanes. Considering only in-cycle species and simple olefin complexes, the (iPrxanPSP)Ru fragment is calculated to be much more active than (iPrPCP)Ir for dehydrogenation of both COA and n-alkanes. However, the resting state in the (iPrxanPSP)Ru-catalyzed transfer dehydrogenation of n-alkane is a very stable linear-allyl hydride complex, whereas the corresponding cyclooctenyl hydride is much less stable.
ChemInform Abstract: The Structure of Coprecipitated Aluminophosphate Catalyst Supports. (1987)

Abstract Porous aluminophosphates have been prepared by coprecipitation from acidic solutions of Al 3+ and PO 4 3‐ using different P/Al ratios and their structures have been investigated by X‐ray diffraction and solid state 27 Al and 31 P NMR.
Abstract 202: Thrombospondin-2 Protects Against Uncontrolled Cardiac Inflammation and Oxidative Stress During Doxorubicin-Induced Myocarditis (2006)

Background Doxorubicin is a live-saving chemotherapeutic agent in young patients affected by cancer. However, its use is limited by its cardiotoxicity caused by increased oxidative stress and exagg...
Mapping of the EMCD signal in real and reciprocal space forquantitative analysis of magnetic samples (2010)

Mapping of the EMCD signal in real and reciprocal space forquantitative analysis of magnetic samples
Global analysis of RAR‐responsive genes in the Xenopus neurula using cDNA microarrays (2004)

Retinoid signaling is important for patterning the vertebrate hindbrain and midaxial regions. We recently showed that signaling through retinoic acid receptors (RARs) is essential for anteroposterior patterning along the entire body axis. To further investigate the mechanisms through which RARs act, we used microarray analysis to investigate the effects of modulating RAR activity on target gene expression. We identified 334 up-regulated genes (92% of which were validated), including known RA-responsive genes, known genes that have never been proposed as RA targets and many hypothetical and unidentified genes (n = 166). Sixty-seven validated down-regulated genes were identified, including known RA-responsive genes and anterior marker genes. The expression patterns of selected up-regulated genes (n = 45) were examined at neurula stages using whole-mount in situ hybridization. We found that most of these genes were expressed in the neural tube and many were expressed in anterior tissues such as neural crest, brain, eye anlagen, and cement gland. Some were expressed in tissues such as notochord, somites, pronephros, and blood islands, where retinoic acid (RA) plays established roles in organogenesis. Members of this set of newly identified RAR target genes are likely to play important roles in neural patterning and organogenesis under the control of RAR signaling pathways, and their further characterization will expand our understanding of RA signaling during development.
Role of Stone Analysis in Metabolic Evaluation and Medical Treatment of Nephrolithiasis (2001)

Compositional stone analysis should be an integral part of the metabolic evaluation of patients with nephrolithiasis. Moreover, stone analysis alone may provide guidance for therapeutic treatment and obviate a formal metabolic evaluation.
Inactivation of RIP3 kinase sensitizes to 15LOX/PEBP1-mediated ferroptotic death (2022)

Ferroptosis and necroptosis are two pro-inflammatory cell death programs contributing to major pathologies and their inhibition has gained attention to treat a wide range of disease states. Necroptosis relies on activation of RIP1 and RIP3 kinases. Ferroptosis is triggered by oxidation of polyunsaturated phosphatidylethanolamines (PUFA-PE) by complexes of 15-Lipoxygenase (15LOX) with phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein 1 (PEBP1). The latter, also known as RAF kinase inhibitory protein, displays promiscuity towards multiple proteins. In this study we show that RIP3 K51A kinase inactive mice have increased ferroptotic burden and worse outcome after irradiation and brain trauma rescued by anti-ferroptotic compounds Liproxstatin-1 and Ferrostatin 16-86. Given structural homology between RAF and RIP3, we hypothesized that PEBP1 acts as a necroptosis-to-ferroptosis switch interacting with either RIP3 or 15LOX. Using genetic, biochemical, redox lipidomics and computational approaches, we uncovered that PEBP1 complexes with RIP3 and inhibits necroptosis. Elevated expression combined with higher affinity enables 15LOX to pilfer PEBP1 from RIP3, thereby promoting PUFA-PE oxidation and ferroptosis which sensitizes Rip3<sup>K51A/K51A</sup> kinase-deficient mice to total body irradiation and brain trauma. This newly unearthed PEBP1/15LOX-driven mechanism, along with previously established switch between necroptosis and apoptosis, can serve multiple and diverse cell death regulatory functions across various human disease states.
Oxygen-17 NMR studies on 5-substituted uracils (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxygen-17 NMR studies on 5-substituted uracilsSubramanian Chandrasekaran, W. David Wilson, and David W. BoykinCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 6, 829–831Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00206a021https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00206a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views94Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Upper bounds on entangling rates of bipartite Hamiltonians (2007)

We discuss upper bounds on the rate at which unitary evolution governed by a nonlocal Hamiltonian can generate entanglement in a bipartite system. Given a bipartite Hamiltonian $H$ coupling two finite dimensional particles $A$ and $B$, the entangling rate is shown to be upper bounded by $c\text{ }\text{log}(d)\ensuremath{\Vert}H\ensuremath{\Vert}$, where $d$ is the smallest dimension of the interacting particles, $\ensuremath{\Vert}H\ensuremath{\Vert}$ is the operator norm of $H$, and $c$ is a constant close to 1. Under certain restrictions on the initial state we prove an analogous upper bound for the ancilla-assisted entangling rate with a constant $c$ that does not depend upon dimensions of local ancillas. The restriction is that the initial state has at most two distinct Schmidt coefficients (each coefficient may have arbitrarily large multiplicity). Our proof is based on analysis of a mixing rate---a functional measuring how fast entropy can be produced if one mixes a time-independent state with a state evolving unitarily.
Ménière Disease Caused by an Anomalous Vein of the Vestibular Aqueduct (1998)

The precise cause of Ménière disease remains unclear. Multiple causes have been proposed with most experimental evidence pointing to impaired fluid resorption by the endolymphatic duct and sac as the final common pathway in development of hydrops. We report a unique case of Ménière disease secondary to compression of the endolymphatic duct and sac by an anomalous vein of the vestibular aqueduct. The resulting mechanical obstruction led to excessive accumulation of endolymph with clinical signs of Ménière disease. We review the literature and discuss proposed pathogenesis of disease. The finding of this anomalous vein provides further evidence that anatomical obstruction of the endolymphatic duct and sac may lead to Ménière-like symptoms. This unique example of an anatomical variant offers additional insight into the pathophysiology of endolymphatic hydrops.
Synthesis of novel 1,5-diaryl-1H-pyrrole-2,3-diones (2009)

A two-step synthesis of nine novel l,5-diaryl-l//-pyrrole-2,3-diones from commercially available acetophenones and anilines is reported.
Nonidentity of subunits of rabbit muscle aldolase. (1967)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
A Carbon Nanotube-based NEMS Parametric Amplifier for Enhanced Radio Wave Detection and Electronic Signal Amplification (2011)

We propose a scheme for a parametric amplifier based on a single suspended carbon nanotube field-emitter. This novel electromechanical nanotube device acts as a phase-sensitive, variable-gain, band-pass-filtering amplifier for electronic signal processing and, at the same time, can operate as a variable-sensitivity, tuneable detector and transducer of radio frequency electromagnetic waves. The amplifier can exhibit infinite gain at pumping voltages much less than 10 Volts. Additionally, the amplifier's low overhead power consumption (10–1000 nW) make it exceptionally attractive for ultra-low-power applications.
Isotropic band gaps, optical cavities, and freeform waveguides in hyperuniform disordered photonic solids (2014)

Hyperuniform disordered solids are a new class of designer photonic materials with large isotropic band gaps comparable to those found in photonic crystals. The hyperuniform disordered materials are statistically isotropic and possess a controllable constrained randomness. We have employed their unique properties to introduce novel architectures for optical cavities that achieve an ultimate isotropic confinement of radiation, and waveguides with arbitrary bending angles. Our experiments demonstrate low-loss waveguiding in submicron scale Si-based hyperuniform structures operating at infrared wavelengths and open the way for the realization of highly flexible, disorder-insensitive optical micro-circuit platforms.
Rollover injury in vehicles with high-strength-to-weight ratio (SWR) roofs, curtain and side airbags, and other safety improvements (2018)

This study found a reduction in severe injury and ejection risk with modern vehicles. It indicates that vehicle safety has improved in response to IIHS and NHTSA efforts to expand the array of safety requirements and increase performance so that newer models are safer than earlier ones. There has been an incremental improvement in safety due to these advances.
Hydrolysis of Monobutyltin Trialkoxides: Synthesis and Characterizations of {(BuSn)12O14(OH)6}(OH)2 (1995)

International audience
Force measurement of insertion of cochlear implant electrode arrays in vitro: comparison of surgeon to automated insertion tool (2010)

Average insertion force used by the surgeons was 0.004+/-0.001 N and for the insertion tool it was 0.005+/-0.014 N (p<0.00001, Student's t test). While the average insertion force of the automated tool was larger than that of the surgeons, the surgeons did have intermittent peaks during the AOS component of the insertion (between 120 degrees and 200 degrees ).
Elementary Problems: E2599-E2604 (1976)

Bernardo Recaman, Ron Evans, Robert Weinstock, C. L. Mallows, M. S. Klamkin, E. T. H. Wang, Elementary Problems: E2599-E2604, The American Mathematical Monthly, Vol. 83, No. 6 (Jun. - Jul., 1976), pp. 482-483
Diffuse x-ray scattering from statistically inhomogeneous distributions of threading dislocations beyond the ergodic hypothesis (2008)

Diffuse x-ray scattering from threading dislocations in epitaxial structures is simulated numerically by a Monte Carlo method. The method allows one to simulate diffraction curves for dislocation types, where macroscopic approaches fail. That includes dislocation types for which analytical ensemble averaging is not feasible as well as microdiffraction curves from small sample volumes. In the latter case, the degree of statistic fluctuation of characteristic features is determined. The Monte Carlo method makes it possible to correlate quantitatively the widths of the microdiffraction curves to the densities of various dislocation types. The potential of the method has been demonstrated by a quantitative estimation of the density distribution of edge and screw threading dislocations in laterally overgrown epitaxial GaN structures, which is investigated by a full-field microdiffraction imaging technique. Measuring the asymptotic behavior of the microdiffraction curves allows one to conclude on the prevailing type of threading dislocations.
Figure S3 from Characterization of the Anti–PD-1 Antibody REGN2810 and Its Antitumor Activity in Human <i>PD-1</i> Knock-In Mice (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Cytokine release following human PBMC exposure to immobilized REGN2810, REGN2329 (TGN1412) and anti-CD3 (OKT3) antibodies.&lt;/p&gt;
How to Make Sense of Team Sport Data: From Acquisition to Data Modeling and Research Aspects (2017)

Automatic and interactive data analysis is instrumental in making use of increasing amounts of complex data. Owing to novel sensor modalities, analysis of data generated in professional team sport leagues such as soccer, baseball, and basketball has recently become of concern, with potentially high commercial and research interest. The analysis of team ball games can serve many goals, e.g., in coaching to understand effects of strategies and tactics, or to derive insights improving performance. Also, it is often decisive to trainers and analysts to understand why a certain movement of a player or groups of players happened, and what the respective influencing factors are. We consider team sport as group movement including collaboration and competition of individuals following specific rule sets. Analyzing team sports is a challenging problem as it involves joint understanding of heterogeneous data perspectives, including high-dimensional, video, and movement data, as well as considering team behavior and rules (constraints) given in the particular team sport. We identify important components of team sport data, exemplified by the soccer case, and explain how to analyze team sport data in general. We identify challenges arising when facing these data sets and we propose a multi-facet view and analysis including pattern detection, context-aware analysis, and visual explanation. We also present applicable methods and technologies covering the heterogeneous aspects in team sport data.
A Power and Bandwidth Efficient Modulation for Diffuse Wireless Infrared Communication (2001)

A new coding scheme for wireless diffuse infrared links is proposed, allowing simultaneously improvements in power and bandwidth efficiency. It gives the freedom to design diffuse systems overcoming limits given by the delay spread and required transmitter power for on-off-keying.
Material Development and Processing of Multiscale Structured Ceramics for SOFC-Electrodes (2008)

NiO‐ZrO2‐cermets are used as anode material in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. A sub‐structured cermet consisting aligned lamella of NiO and 8Y‐ZrO2 is obtained by melt processing of a eutectic powder mixture. Direct co‐firing of such cermet powders with the ceramic electrolyte layer requires sintering temperatures above 1600 °C and leads to redistribution of NiO. Sintering with AlN as reactive component for in‐situ formation of cubic ZrxOyNz, promotes joining of the sub‐structured anode material with the solid electrolyte via the ionic conductive 8Y‐ZrO2‐grains at 1400–1550 °C. By decomposition of the Zr‐oxynitride upon cooling, new porosity and the desired connectivity between the anode and the solid electrolyte is formed. A graded composite is obtained at an interface, which consists of e.g., ZrO2, Zr7O9.5N3, β‐ZrAlON, NiAl2O4 and Ni, depending upon the sintering temperature.
Design of a microwave ablation system used to treat arythmogenous focus in cardiology (2002)

Since the end of the 1980's, some cardiac rhythm disorders can be cured by a catheter RF ablation. This method is very efficient when the arythmogenous focus is small and situated near to the endocardium surface. However, when this focus is large and deep in the myocardium, the efficiency of RF ablation decreases in an important way. Microwave ablation could be used in these cases. This paper presents a microwave system that has been designed to treat arythmogenous focus by catheter ablation. Important technical characteristics have been implemented in this system to improve its versatility and to ensure the security of the patient.
Portable X-ray fluorescence for autonomous in-situ characterization of chloride in oil and gas waste (2022)

Soil salinization resulting from anthropogenic activities affects soil health and productivity. Methods that can provide rapid, inexpensive, and accurate salinity characterization over vast areas of soil and waste materials will help in managing their impacts. The objective of this work was to evaluate the accuracy and precision of portable X-ray Fluorescence (pXRF) Cl<sup>-</sup> measurements of highly saline waste material (WMs) from oil and gas production sites. We compared pXRF Cl<sup>-</sup> measurements of three unconsolidated WMs to a standard laboratory method for determining soil salinity and identified the WM properties that most affect the precision and accuracy of the pXRF Cl<sup>-</sup> measurement. Despite covering a range of several orders of magnitude in chloride concentration, calibrated pXRF measurements varied by no more than 14% compared to standard laboratory Cl<sup>-</sup> measurements for dry homogenous samples. Measurements taken of WMs that were not homogenized decreased pXRF accuracy by 75% while moisture content decreased accuracy by 15%. Field measurements made at different areas inside an oil and gas WM pit were accurate within 60% of the standard laboratory Cl<sup>-</sup> measurements, despite the samples having a wide range of moisture content and particle size distributions. This study indicates that pXRF can be used to rapidly characterize soil salinity in-situ with acceptable accuracy and precision for screening purposes, opening the door for automated robotic measurements of chloride over large areas.