gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Joining Forces in Basic Science: ITS Meeting 2.0 (2022)

The second International Transplant Science (ITS) meeting jointly organized by the European Society for Organ Transplantation (ESOT), the American Society of Transplantation (AST), and The Transplantation Society (TTS) took place in May 2022 in one of Europe's most iconic cities: Berlin, Germany. The ITS meeting 2022 was designed to serve as an international platform for scientific discussions on the latest ground-breaking discoveries in the field, while providing an excellent opportunity to present cutting-edge research to the scientific community. We think this is fundamental for the exchange of new ideas and establishment of collaborative work between advanced transplant experts, young professionals and early-stage researchers and students. Scientific sessions tackled hot topics in transplantation such as mechanisms of tolerance, biomarkers, big data and artificial intelligence. Our educational pre-meeting focused on the breakthrough and challenges in single-cell multimodal omics. The program included panel discussions illuminating various topics concerning conflicts and problems related to gender, such as challenges for female scientists. Attendees returned to their institutes with not only profound knowledge of the latest discoveries, technologies, and concepts in basic and translational science, but also inspired and excited after discussions and networking sessions with fellow scientists which have been duly missed during the pandemic.
ACCESS Magazine Fall 2013 (2013)

Arts and Humanities, Education, Engineering, Law, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Space charge effects on the electroluminescence efficiency and stability of organic light-emitting devices with mixed emitting layers (2009)

In organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs), the decay rate of triplet state population in the electron/hole recombination zone is found to be highly sensitive to space charge densities, providing an avenue for inferring variations in their formation. In OLEDs containing mixtures of N,N′-Bis(naphthalen-1-yl)-N′-bis(phenyl)benzidine (NPB) and tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (AlQ3) in the emitting layer, optimizing the NPB/AlQ3 is found to reduce hole space charges, and leads to an increase in electroluminescence stability. Conversely, electroluminescence efficiency is found to be only weakly dependent on the mixture composition, suggesting that hole space charges are not effective quenchers of AlQ3 singlet excitons in mixed emitting layer OLEDs.
Multifunctional γδ T cells and their receptors for targeted anticancer immunotherapy (2013)

Human γδ T cells possess broad antitumor reactivity and are involved in the control of viral infections. We have recently described multifunctional γδ T cells induced by cytomegalovirus after allogenic stem cell transplantation, placing γδ T cells and their receptors in the spotlight for the development of novel anticancer immunotherapies.
Probing the structural determinants of a catalytic RNA with isomerase activity (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProbing the structural determinants of a catalytic RNA with isomerase activityJames R. Prudent, Joanna Staunton, and Peter G. SchultzCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 40, 10145–10146Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00145a039https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00145a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views70Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Orally Bioavailable Quinoxaline Inhibitors of 15-Prostaglandin Dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) Promote Tissue Repair and Regeneration (2022)

15-Prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) regulates the concentration of prostaglandin E2 <i>in vivo</i>. Inhibitors of 15-PGDH elevate PGE2 levels and promote tissue repair and regeneration. Here, we describe a novel class of quinoxaline amides that show potent inhibition of 15-PGDH, good oral bioavailability, and protective activity in mouse models of ulcerative colitis and recovery from bone marrow transplantation.
Preparation of Nearly Monodispersed Polystyrene Particles Formed by Polymerization in a Surfactant-free Emulsion with Silica Particles (2007)

Abstract When the polymerization of styrene with a lipophilic initiator was conducted in an O/W emulsion, which was stabilized by unmodified monodispersed silica particles, it was found that near monodisperse polystyrene particles with different sub-micrometer size were formed in the emulsion. After the polymerization, the solution of silica and polystyrene mixed particles was obviously more stable than the silica-dispersed solution.
Highly reproducible laser beam scanning device for an internal source laser desorption microprobe Fourier transform mass spectrometer (2002)

Traditionally, mass spectrometry has relied on manipulating the sample target to provide scanning capabilities for laser desorption microprobes. This has been problematic for an internal source laser desorption Fourier transform mass spectrometer (LD-FTMS) because of the high magnetic field (7 Tesla) and geometric constraints of the superconducting magnet bore. To overcome these limitations, we have implemented a unique external laser scanning mechanism for an internal source LD-FTMS. This mechanism provides adjustable resolution enhancement so that the spatial resolution at the target is not limited to that of the stepper motors at the light source (∼5 μm/step). The spatial resolution is now limited by the practical optical diffraction limit of the final focusing lens. The scanning mechanism employs a virtual source that is wavelength independent up to the final focusing lens, which can be controlled remotely to account for focal length dependence on wavelength. A binary index provides an automatic alignment feature. The virtual source is located ∼9 ft from the sample; therefore, it is completely outside of the vacuum system and beyond the 50 G line of the fringing magnetic field. To eliminate reproducibility problems associated with vacuum pump vibrations, we have taken advantage of the magnetic field inherent to the FTMS to utilize Lenz’s law for vibrational dampening. The LD-FTMS microprobe has exceptional reproducibility, which enables successive mapping sequences for depth-profiling studies.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Preferential Replication of Systemically Delivered Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus in Focally Irradiated Glioma Xenografts (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 104K&lt;/p&gt;
Effects of Differential Privacy and Data Skewness on Membership Inference Vulnerability (2019)

Membership inference attacks seek to infer the membership of individual training instances of a privately trained model. This paper presents a membership privacy analysis and evaluation system, MPLens, with three unique contributions. First, through MPLens, we demonstrate how membership inference attack methods can be leveraged in adversarial ML. Second, we highlight with MPLens how the vulnerability of pre-trained models under membership inference attack is not uniform across all classes, particularly when the training data is skewed. We show that risk from membership inference attacks is routinely increased when models use skewed training data. Finally, we investigate the effectiveness of differential privacy as a mitigation technique against membership inference attacks. We discuss the trade-offs of implementing such a mitigation strategy with respect to the model complexity, the learning task complexity, the dataset complexity and the privacy parameter settings.
Uplink Power Control in Massive MIMO with Double Scattering Channels (2021)

peer reviewed
CRYSTAL FIELD CALCULATIONS OF THE SPECTRUM OF $C_{60}$ AND $C_{70}$ FULLERENES (1992)

The qualitative appearance of the fullerene absorption spectra is typical of many catacondensed hydrocarbons that, in the Platt notation, exhibit a forbidden, long-wavelength $L\\leftarrow$A transition followed by allowed $B\\leftarrow A$ transitions. These features may be explained by simple angular momentum selection rules using a ``particle-on-a-sphere” model of the fullerenes. This model gives the first allowed transition of $C_{60}$ at 342nm, close to the experimental value of 328nm. The other predictions of this simplistic representation are grossly inaccurate (e.g. electron pairing, orbital degeneracies). The model is improved by replacing the spherical potential with, for example, the icosahedral potential to better represent the $C_{60}$ carbon framework and computing the ``crystal field” splitting of the individual terms. The potential lifts the degeneracy of all levels with $l&gt;2$ and leads to the energy level ordering that correctly predicts the orbital configuration for $C_{60}$ and accounts for the three, intense bands observed in the ultraviolet as allowed, inter-term transitions. The predicted energy level ordering and degeneracies are comparable to those obtained from molecular orbital calculations using a ``bent” p-orbital basis. In the crystal-field model, the weak long-wavelength transition of $C_{60}$ is an intra-term, parity forbidden excitation and the higher energy transitions correspond to allowed inter-term excitations. Term splitting arise from non-zero matrix elements of the crystal field between sub-levels of the same term or between terms in l and $l\\pm2$. This approach is easily generalized to treat the spectra of higher fullerenes by adding appropriate terms to the potential. The same potential may be employed to interpret the spectra of endohedral metal-fullerene complexes in which the potential acts to split the metal d- or f-orbital degeneracies.
Surface melting of metal deposits during laser-induced chemical vapor deposition with a modulated continuous-wave laser (1990)

Thermal laser-induced chemical vapor deposition of gold crystals on alumina substrates has been studied using a modulated Ar+ laser. Deposition of gold from dimethylgold hexafluoroacetylacetonate is accompanied by surface melting of the deposit when the laser source is modulated. Time-resolved reflectance measurements have been used to study the time evolution of the surface reflectance during growth with both modulated and unmodulated laser light. These experiments suggest that the surface melting observed with a modulated laser source is primarily due to the heat released by the exothermic decomposition of reactant adsorbed on the surface during the time that the laser intensity is off.
Pretreatment with FK506 Improves Survival Rate and Gas Exchange in Canine Model of Acute Lung Injury (2001)

The novel effects of FK506 on shock induced by lipopolysaccharide and phorbol myristate acetate (LPS/PMA) were studied using beagles. Five groups were studied: endotoxin shock control group (both 0.5 mg/kg of LPS and 30 microg/kg of PMA, n = 6); methylprednisolone-treated endotoxin shock group (n = 5); FK506-treated endotoxin shock groups in which intravenous infusions of FK506 at 2.5 microg/kg/h (low dose, n = 5), 8 microg/kg/h (medium dose, n = 5), and 25 microg/kg/h (high dose, n = 5) were administered. In the control group, the survival rate was 33%. Also, arterial hypoxemia, systemic hypotension, and marked increases in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and wet-to-dry weight ratio (W/D) were observed. FK506 treatment at both medium and high doses significantly attenuated these LPS/PMA-induced physiological changes, and the survival rates were 80 and 100%, respectively. On the other hand, in the methylprednisolone group, no obvious effects were observed. The present study suggests that FK506 could have prophylactic potential against acute lung injury in endotoxin shock.
(Invited) Passivation Schemes for Ge High-K Metal Gate MOSFETs on Si for VLSI Production (2014)

We report progress on surface passivation and functionalization of Ge channel surfaces, as well as high-k dielectric layer growth by atomic layer deposition (ALD) and the resulting electrical properties measured in transistor (MOSFET) and metal oxide semiconducting capacitor (MOSCAP) structures. Epitaxial Si and Al 2 O 3 passivation of Ge show improved performance with 3 times reduction in interface states density (Dit), higher conductance, reduced hysteresis and sub-1nm EOT as opposed to non-passivated interface. A 3 times drive current improvement to Si MOSFET was achieved with thin Al 2 O 3 passivation layer.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Chemoenzymatic Access to Chiral 3,7‐Diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Derivatives. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Towards a Library of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for (meta)genomic annotation (2008)

Genome annotations describe the features of genomes and accompany sequences in genome databases. The methodologies used to generate genome annotation are diverse and typically vary amongst groups. Descriptions of the annotation procedure are helpful in interpreting genome annotation data. Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for genome annotation describe the processes that generate genome annotations. Some groups are currently documenting procedures but standards are lacking for structure and content of annotation SOPs. In addition, there is no central repository to store and disseminate procedures and protocols for genome annotation. We highlight the importance of SOPs for genome annotation and endorse a central online repository of SOPs.
Supplementary Figure 1 from The Checkpoint Kinase Inhibitor AZD7762 Potentiates Chemotherapy-Induced Apoptosis of <i>p53</i>-Mutated Multiple Myeloma Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 824KB, AZD7762 abrogates cell cycle arrest and induces mitotic catastrophe. Immunoblot analysis in RPMI-8226 cells after 24 and 48 h (A) bendamustine or melphalan (B) +/- AZD7762 as indicated.&lt;/p&gt;
Effect of the cytokines on the prostaglandin E2 synthesis by lens epithelial cells of human cataracts. (1995)

IL-1 and TGF-beta may participate in postoperative inflammation after cataract surgery by increasing PGE2 synthesis by residual LECs.
Dry Autoclaving for the Nanofabrication of Sulfides, Selenides, Borides, Phosphides, Nitrides, Carbides, and Oxides (2010)

This review compiles various nanostructures fabricated by a distinct "dry autoclaving" approach, where the chemical reactions are carried out without solvents; above the dissociation temperature of the chemical precursor(s) at elevated temperature in a closed reactor. The diversity to fabricate carbides (SiC, Mo(2) C, WC), oxides (VOx-C, ZnO, Eu(2) O(3) , Fe(3) O(4) , MoO(2) ), hexaborides (LaB(6) , CeB(6) , NdB(6) , SmB(6) , EuB(6) , GdB(6) ), nitrides (TiN, NbN, TaN), phosphides (PtP(2) , WP), sulfides (ZnS, FeS/C, SnS/C, WS(2) , WS(2) /C), and selenides (Zn(1-x) Mn(x) Se/C, Cd(1-x) Mn(x) Se/C), with various shapes and sizes is accounted with plausible applications. This unique single-step, solvent-free synthetic process opens up a new route in the growing nanomaterials science; owing to its considerable advantages on the existing approaches.
Lipocalin‐type prostaglandin D synthase‐derived PGD2 attenuates malignant properties of tumor endothelial cells (2017)

Endothelial cells (ECs) are a key component of the tumor microenvironment. They have abnormal characteristics compared to the ECs in normal tissues. Here, we found a marked increase in lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS) mRNA (Ptgds) expression in ECs isolated from mouse melanoma. Immunostaining of mouse melanoma revealed expression of L-PGDS protein in the ECs. In situ hybridization also showed L-PGDS (PTGDS) mRNA expression in the ECs of human melanoma and oral squamous cell carcinoma. In vitro experiments showed that stimulation with tumor cell-derived IL-1 and TNF-α increased L-PGDS mRNA expression and its product prostaglandin D<sub>2</sub> (PGD<sub>2</sub> ) in human normal ECs. We also investigated the contribution of L-PGDS-PGD<sub>2</sub> to tumor growth and vascularization. Systemic or EC-specific deficiency of L-PGDS accelerated the growth of melanoma in mice, whereas treatment with an agonist of the PGD<sub>2</sub> receptor, DP1 (BW245C, 0.1 mg/kg, injected intraperitoneally twice daily), attenuated it. Morphological and in vivo studies showed that endothelial L-PGDS deficiency resulted in functional changes of tumor ECs such as accelerated vascular hyperpermeability, angiogenesis, and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in tumors, which in turn reduced tumor cell apoptosis. These observations suggest that tumor cell-derived inflammatory cytokines increase L-PGDS expression and subsequent PGD<sub>2</sub> production in the tumor ECs. This PGD<sub>2</sub> acts as a negative regulator of the tumorigenic changes in tumor ECs. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cover Picture: Microsolidics: Fabrication of Three‐Dimensional Metallic Microstructures in Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (Adv. Mater. 5/2007) (2007)

Abstract Flexible metallic wires embedded in poly(dimethylsiloxane) are produced with microscale dimensions by injecting heated, liquid solder into microfluidic channels and cooling, as reported by George Whitesides and co‐workers on p. 727. This approach is used to fabricate complex, metallic microstructures that are twisted (as shown), rolled, or woven into fabrics. The structures can be rigid or flexible, depending on the type of solder used, and breaks in the metal can be “healed” by reheating the device. This method of fabrication may find applications in flexible electronic circuits, 3D metallic microstructures, and hybrid electronic–microfluidic devices.
Heavily Damped Precessional Switching with Very Low Write-Error Rate in Elliptical-Cylinder Magnetic Tunnel Junctions (2022)

Voltage-induced dynamic switching in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) is a writing technique for voltage-controlled magnetoresistive random access memory (VCMRAM), which is expected to be an ultimate nonvolatile memory with ultralow power consumption. In conventional dynamic switching, the width of subnanosecond write voltage pulses must be precisely controlled to achieve a sufficiently low write-error rate (WER). This very narrow tolerance of pulse width is the biggest technical difficulty in developing VCMRAM. Heavily damped precessional switching is a writing scheme for VCMRAM with a substantially high tolerance of pulse width, although the minimum WER has been much higher than that of conventional dynamic switching with an optimum pulse width. In this study, we theoretically investigate the effect of MTJ shape and the direction of the applied magnetic field on the WER of heavily damped precessional switching. The results show that the WER in elliptical-cylinder MTJs can be several orders of magnitude smaller than that in usual circular-cylinder MTJs when the external magnetic field is applied parallel to the minor axis of the ellipse. The reduction in the WER is due to the fact that the demagnetization field narrows the component of the magnetization distribution perpendicular to the plane direction immediately before the voltage is applied.
Off-axis representation of hyperbolic mirror shapes for X-ray beamlines (2023)

Mirror-centered, closed-form expressions for hyperbolic surfaces used in X-ray beamlines have been derived. Hyperbolic mirrors create a virtual focus or source point and can be used to lengthen or shorten the effective focal distance of a compound optical system. The derivations here express off-axis segments of a hyperbolic surface in terms of the real and virtual focal distances and the incident glancing angle at the center of the mirror. Conventional mathematical expressions of hyperbolic shapes describe the surfaces in Cartesian or polar coordinates centered on an axis of symmetry, necessitating cumbersome rotation and translation to mirror-centered coordinates. The representation presented here, with zero slope and the origin at the central point, is most convenient for modeling, metrology, aberration correction, and general surface analysis of off-axis configurations. The direct derivation avoids the need for nested coordinate transforms. A series expansion provides a helpful approximation; the coefficients of the implicit equation are also provided.
Recent progress of a character projection-type low-energy electron-beam direct writing system (2007)

We have developed a Character Projection (CP)-type, low-energy Electron-Beam Direct Writing (EBDW) system for a quick turnaround time and mask-less device fabrication of small production lots with a variety of designs. The exposure time has been decreasing because the irradiation time of electrons is being reduced by development of high-sensitivity resist and by decrease in the number of EB shots with the CP method, and the amplifiers of the deflectors have attained specifications required by EBIS. In order to further increase the throughput, overhead time, that is, the exposure waiting time, must be shortened. This paper describes our strategy for reducing the exposure waiting time. The reduction ratio of the exposure waiting time was about 60% and the throughput was increased about 20%.
Supplementary Figure 6 from Two Distinct Routes to Oral Cancer Differing in Genome Instability and Risk for Cervical Node Metastasis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 1MB&lt;/p&gt;
Abstract 18970: Development of Therapeutic Strategies for Takotsubo Syndrome: Insights From a Rat Model (2017)

Introduction: Takotsubo syndrome (TS) results from an aberrant response to stimulation of myocardial NOS-coupled β2-adrenoceptors, occurring most commonly in the ageing female heart. TS is also associated with myocardial inflammation, with biochemical and immunohistochemical evidence of nitrosative stress and resultant activation of the energy-depleting enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1). Clinically, the main problems associated with TS are (i) impaired LV systolic function, which resolves slowly and (ii) risk of arrhythmic death, particularly in the early course of TS. Hypothesis: In the current study, we sought to compare the effects on mortality and short term LV systolic dysfunction of two interventions affecting the signal transduction pathway initiated by aberrant β2-adrenoceptor stimulation. Nω-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (LNAME) inhibits β2-adrenoceptor-coupled NOS stimulation, while 3-aminobenzamide (3AB) limits activation of PARP-1 secondary to nitrosative stress. Method...