gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role-Based access control consistency validation (2006)

Modern enterprise systems support Role-Based Access Control (RBAC). Although RBAC allows restricting access to privileged operations, a deployer may actually intend to restrict access to privileged data. This paper presents a theoretical foundation for correlating an operation-based RBAC policy with a data-based RBAC policy. Relying on a location consistency property, this paper shows how to infer whether an operation-based RBAC policy is equivalent to any databased RBAC policy. We have built a static analysis tool for Java Platform, Enterprise Edition (Java EE) called Static Analysis for Validation of Enterprise Security (SAVES). Relying on interprocedural pointer analysis and dataflow analysis, SAVES analyzes Java EE bytecode to determine if the associated RBAC policy is location consistent, and reports potential security flaws where location consistency does not hold. The experimental results obtained by using SAVES on a number of production-level Java EE codes have identified several security flaws with no false positive reports.
Depth Image-Based Rendering With Advanced Texture Synthesis for 3-D Video (2011)

A depth image-based rendering (DIBR) approach with advanced inpainting methods is presented. The DIBR algorithm can be used in 3-D video applications to synthesize a number of different perspectives of the same scene, e.g., from a multiview-video-plus-depth (MVD) representation. This MVD format consists of video and depth sequences for a limited number of original camera views of the same natural scene. Here, DIBR methods allow the computation of additional new views. An inherent problem of the view synthesis concept is the fact that image information which is occluded in the original views may become visible, especially in extrapolated views beyond the viewing range of the original cameras. The presented algorithm synthesizes these occluded textures. The synthesizer achieves visually satisfying results by taking spatial and temporal consistency measures into account. Detailed experiments show significant objective and subjective gains of the proposed method in comparison to the state-of-the-art methods.
The superconductor-semiconductor transition in the Li1+xTi2-xO4 spinel system (1985)

Abstract The normal spinel Li[Ti2]O4 is superconducting below T c ≈ 11K; the substituted spinel Li[Li1/3T5/3]O4 is an insulator. Attempts to characterize the metal–semiconductor transition in the mixed system Li1+xTi2-xO4 are plagued by chemical instabilities associated with a deviation from Vegard's law that is a maximum near x ≈ 0·1. This paper reviews the structural chemistry to derive an energy-band model and the preparative chemistry to demonstrate surface disproportionation and chemical inhomogeneity between surface and bulk materials with the maximum instability occurring near x ≈ 0·09. The origin of this instability was identified; it is due to the coexistence of Ti3+ ions and Li+ ions or cation vacancies on octahedral sites. The apparent critical composition x c ≈ 0·1 previously reported for a metal–semiconductor transition is shown to arise from oxidation at grain boundaries. The bulk transition appears to be smooth and dependent on sample history. Evidence for bulk chemical inhomogeneity comes from superconductivity data; it is not apparent in the X-ray diffraction data. A proposed resolution of this problem is the existence of a spinodal decomposition into phases approaching Li[Ti2]O4 and Li[Li1/3Ti5/3]O4 with a texture on the scale of 25 to about 500 Å.
Very Short Electrical Pulse Generation by a Composite Planar GaAs Photodetector (1990)

Combining two metal-semiconductor-metal Schottky barrier photodiodes (MSM-PDs) monolithically, a composite photodetector is fabricated on a semi-insulating GaAs substrate. Upon illuminating each of them with subpicosecond optical pulses, electrical pulses with full width at half maximum (FWHM) less than 30 ps are generated. Delay time dependence of the waveform is investigated both experimentally and theoretically based on a dynamic equivalent circuit model.
Serum Amino Acid Levels as a Biomarker for Renal Cell Carcinoma (2011)

Our findings suggest that serum amino acid levels may be useful as a screening tool for the identification of individuals with renal cell carcinoma and the prediction of outcomes.
LC-MS based discovery of novel protein biomarkers and their quantitation in HCV fibrosis and NASH diseased human serum (2014)

We propose a mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography (LC-MS) based approach for protein biomarker discovery and their quantification in human serum sample from patients with hepatitis-C virus (HCV) mediated liver fibrosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Various isotope labelling approaches like ICAT, iTRAQ and TMT have been used for protein discovery and quantification. We aim to use TMT 10-plex labelling which allows up to 10 samples to be compared at one time, resulting into higher through put sample analysis. In order to look for low abundant serum protein biomarkers we are depleting high abundant serum proteins such as albumin, IgG etc by immunoprecipitation. The depleted serum samples would be subjected to tryptic digestion and labelled with TMT 10-plex which is then analysed by LC-MS/MS to detect and find significantly changed proteins in all 10 samples. An in-solution trypsin digestion protocol was developed for undepleted serum to quantify one of our protein biomarker (lipid transfer inhibitor protein, LTIP) for HCV fibrosis in both selective reaction monitoring (SRM) and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM). In both SRM and PRM, initial studies were performed using recombinant LTIP in order to find most suitable peptides. These selected peptides and their transitions were also analysed in trypsin digested plasma samples. Using SRM, three peptides were found to be most optimal and considered for quantification. Using PRM, four peptides were selected and LOQ was found to be 308-25,000pg/uL. This study requires further validation to establish a complete method.
A Concise and Unified Strategy for Synthesis of the C1–C18 Macrolactone Fragments of FD-891, FD-892 and Their Analogues: Formal Total Synthesis of FD-891 (2014)

A concise and unified strategy for the synthesis of C1-C18 macrolactone fragments of FD-891 and FD-892 as well as their analogues is reported. The strategy includes a stereoselective vinylogous Mukaiyama aldol reaction (VMAR) using chiral silyl ketene N,O-acetal to construct C6-C7 stereocenters, an E-selective ring closing metathesis to construct a C12-C13 olefin, and stereodivergent construction of a C8-C9 epoxide.
Peptide mixture sequencing by tandem Fourier-transform mass spectrometry. (1985)

Picomole samples of the linear peptide gramicidin D and cyclic peptide gramicidin S are shown to be impure by the laser-desorption formation of multiple groups of molecular adduct peaks by using Fourier-transform mass spectrometry. Selective excitation of the molecular peaks of the major sample component followed by collisionally activated dissociation provides complete sequence information for the cyclic decapeptide and for 12 of the 15 amino acids of the linear peptide. This instrumentation shows striking advantages in sensitivity, resolution, and mass accuracy in comparison to tandem mass spectrometers used previously.
Data parallel FPGA workloads: Software versus hardware (2009)

Commercial soft processors are unable to effectively exploit the data parallelism present in many embedded systems workloads, requiring FPGA designers to exploit it (laboriously) with manual hardware design. Recent research has demonstrated that soft processors augmented with support for vector instructions provide significant improvements in performance and scalability for data parallel workloads. These soft vector processors provide a software environment for quickly encoding data parallel computation, but their competitiveness with manual hardware design in terms of area and performance remains unknown. In this work, using an FPGA platform equipped with DDR memory executing data-parallel EEMBC embedded benchmarks, we measure the area/performance gaps between (i) a scalar soft processor, (ii) our improved soft vector processor, and (iii) custom FPGA hardware. We demonstrate that the 432times wall clock performance gap between scalar executed C and custom hardware can be reduced significantly to 17times using our improved soft vector processor, while silicon-efficiency is improved by 3times in terms of area delay product. We modified the architecture to mitigate three key advantages we observed in custom hardware: loop overhead, data delivery, and exact resource usage. Combined these improvements increase performance by 3times and reduce area by almost half, significantly reducing the need for designers to resort to more challenging custom hardware implementations.
Study of the formation, evolution, and dissolution of interfacial defects in silicon wafer bonding (2010)

Interface defects formed during the wafer bonding process upon annealing have been studied. Based on the hydrogen diffusion in SiO2 and the stability of the bubbles at the bonding interface, models of the growth and further dissolution of the defects are presented. Considering the hydrogen diffusion through the interfacial oxide, diffusion coefficients and activation energy (Ea=0.25 eV) are obtained. It has been shown that the defect dissolution is driven by the exodiffusion of the hydrogen toward the silicon substrates.
Mutation L319Q in the PB1 Polymerase Subunit Improves Attenuation of a Candidate Live-Attenuated Influenza A Virus Vaccine (2022)

Influenza A viruses (IAV) remain emerging threats to human public health. Live-attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIV) are one of the most effective prophylactic options to prevent disease caused by influenza infections. However, licensed LAIV remain restricted for use in 2- to 49-year-old healthy and nonpregnant people. Therefore, development of LAIV with increased safety, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy is highly desired. The U.S.-licensed LAIV is based on the master donor virus (MDV) A/Ann Arbor/6/60 H2N2 backbone, which was generated by adaptation of the virus to growth at low temperatures. Introducing the genetic signature of the U.S. MDV into the backbone of other IAV strains resulted in varying levels of attenuation. While the U.S. MDV mutations conferred an attenuated phenotype to other IAV strains, the same amino acid changes did not significantly attenuate the pandemic A/California/04/09 H1N1 (pH1N1) strain. To attenuate pH1N1, we replaced the conserved leucine at position 319 with glutamine (L319Q) in PB1 and analyzed the <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> properties of pH1N1 viruses containing either PB1 L319Q alone or in combination with the U.S. MDV mutations using two animal models of influenza infection and transmission, ferrets and guinea pigs. Our results demonstrated that L319Q substitution in the pH1N1 PB1 alone or in combination with the mutations of the U.S. MDV resulted in reduced pathogenicity (ferrets) and transmission (guinea pigs), and an enhanced temperature sensitive phenotype. These results demonstrate the feasibility of generating an attenuated MDV based on the backbone of a contemporary pH1N1 IAV strain. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> Vaccination represents the most effective strategy to reduce the impact of seasonal IAV infections. Although LAIV are superior in inducing protection and sterilizing immunity, they are not recommended for many individuals who are at high risk for severe disease. Thus, development of safer and more effective LAIV are needed. A concern with the current MDV used to generate the U.S.-licensed LAIV is that it is based on a virus isolated in 1960. Moreover, mutations that confer the temperature-sensitive, cold-adapted, and attenuated phenotype of the U.S. MDV resulted in low level of attenuation in the contemporary pandemic A/California/04/09 H1N1 (pH1N1). Here, we show that introduction of PB1 L319Q substitution, alone or in combination with the U.S. MDV mutations, resulted in pH1N1 attenuation. These findings support the development of a novel LAIV MDV based on a contemporary pH1N1 strain as a medical countermeasure against currently circulating H1N1 IAV.
Prototyping of low-cost wafer level packages (2011)

WLP with various design configurations is fast becoming a common package for high performance applications. Besides large-die or embedded WLPs in System-in-Package, technology development in the industry also focuses on cost-effective WLP with acceptable level of functional and reliability performances, suitable for low-pin-count or small-die applications. Nepes is developing a series of low-cost wafer level packages (LCWLPs) to address the cost and technology demands. This paper will focus on prototyping of a non-UBM LCWLP with RDL, to be used as a baseline for relative cost, functional and reliability performances comparison with conventional WLPs and future LCWLPs of the same die sizes and ball layout. Previously, simulations were performed to confirm good electrical, mechanical (warpage and thermal cycling) and thermal performances of LCWLP. Here, process development is carried out to fabricate prototype of LCWLP. Several process issues are successfully resolved. Subsequently, LCWLP is qualified under package level reliability tests, including multi-reflow, solder shear/pull tests, pressure cooker test (PCT), and high temperature storage (HTS) test. After package level qualification, effort will be spent on board level tests. Here, board level drop test simulations are conducted for 3 different sizes of LCWLP. They are shown to have reasonable drop test performance, comparable to typical BGAs.
Silicon on Insulator - The Perfect Material for Implantable Electronics? (2007)

The availability of SOI from silicon foundries is making SOI a viable option for implantable electronics devices. The field has some specific needs that are different to many conventional electronics applications. Low power operation is essential but with intermittent high power requirements and the need for long term reliability. Conversely, circuit operating speed requirements are often extremely low; including monitoring at only a few KHz. Data storage (memory) requirements may also be relatively low. Furthermore, the operating temperature range of implanted devices is low compared to many non-implantable applications. These requirements together are assessed against the unique attributes of silicon on insulator (SOI) as a semiconductor material of choice for this environment, compared to that of conventional 'bulk' silicon.
Nanoporous Carbon Materials for Electrical Double Layer Capacitors (2012)

Abstract not Available.
Optimum Balance between Pre-Planner and On The Fly Recovery in Packet-Optical Transport Networks (2012)

A network based on Packet-Optical integrated nodes is submitted to a survivability assessment to find the optimum balance between static and dynamic resiliency management. Extensive simulations on a metro network are reported.
High Quantum Efficiency Nanopillar Photodiodes Overcoming the Diffraction Limit of Light (2015)

InAs1-xSbx nanowires have recently attracted interest for infrared sensing applications due to the small bandgap and high thermal conductivity. However, previous reports on nanowire-based infrared sensors required low operating temperatures in order to mitigate the high dark current and have shown poor sensitivities resulting from reduced light coupling efficiency beyond the diffraction limit. Here, InAsSb nanopillar photodiodes with high quantum efficiency are achieved by partially coating the nanopillar with metal that excites localized surface plasmon resonances, leading to quantum efficiencies of ∼29% at 2390 nm. These high quantum efficiency nanopillar photodiodes, with 180 nm diameters and 1000 nm heights, allow operation at temperatures as high as 220 K and exhibit a detection wavelength up to 3000 nm, well beyond the diffraction limit. The InAsSb nanopillars are grown on low cost GaAs (111)B substrates using an InAs buffer layer, making our device architecture a promising path toward low-cost infrared focal plane arrays with high operating temperature.
Frequency domain constant modulus algorithm for broadband wireless systems (2004)

Broadband wireless systems require powerful equalizers which can cope with long channel impulse responses and severe intersymbol interference (ISI). In this paper, a frequency domain modified constant modulus algorithm (PD-MCMA) is presented. The employed modified CMA (MCMA) is chosen to confine the phase ambiguity of the conventional CMA to a 90/spl deg/ phase shift solution. On this foundation, a block MCMA algorithm which updates the equalizer coefficients on a block-by-block basis is proposed. The advantage of this block MCMA is that it can be equivalently implemented in the frequency domain. This approach offers a large reduction in computational complexity compared to time domain algorithms. For an equalizer with 256 coefficients, the number of real multiplications required by the FD-MCMA is only 9.5% of that required by the MCMA. Furthermore, convergence of the proposed FD-MCMA is significantly improved by properly normalizing the update equations. Simulations show that the normalized FD-MCMA converges much faster than the MCMA and the FD-MCMA while maintaining approximately the same bit error rate (BER) performance.
Characterization of Two Neuroblastoma Cell Lines Expressing Recombinant Nerve Growth Factor Receptors (1991)

In earlier studies, a 75,000-dalton glycoprotein (gp75) has been identified as a component of both low- and high-affinity nerve growth factor (NGF) receptors (NGFRs). Using an amphoteric expression vector, we have introduced the cDNA encoding the human gp75 into two neuroblastoma cell lines. SHEP is a human neuroblastoma cell line that lacks most neuronal characteristics and does not express NGFRs. The transformant line SHEP/NGFR expressed a single affinity class of NGF binding sites, did not display NGF-induced up-regulation of fos oncogene expression, and did not efficiently internalize NGF. LAN5 is a neuroblastoma cell line with neuronal characteristics, including expression of neurofilament and display of short neurites. This cell line expresses a small number of high-affinity NGFRs but no detectable low-affinity sites. The transformant line LAN5/NGFR expressed both high- and low-affinity NGFRs, displayed NGF-induced up-regulation of fos oncogene, and efficiently internalized NGF. The number of high-affinity NGF binding sites was nearly the same for LAN5 and LAN5/NGFR, a finding suggesting that there is a limiting number of some separately coded factor or subunit that is required for high-affinity NGFRs. Because NGF induction of fos oncogene expression correlated with expression of high-affinity NGFRs, the putative second factor may also limit NGF responsiveness.
Clinical Usefulness of Prostate and Tumor Volume Related Parameters following Radical Prostatectomy for Localized Prostate Cancer (2018)

Tumor volume related parameters are significantly associated with radical prostatectomy but do not add important discrimination to standard clinicopathological variables for radical prostatectomy prediction or provide benefit across a range of clinically relevant decision thresholds. Volume related measurement is not warranted in routine pathological evaluation and reporting.
Photo-redox activated drug delivery systems operating under two photon excitation in the near-IR (2014)

We report the design and synthesis of a nano-container consisting of mesoporous silica nanoparticles with the pore openings covered by "snap-top" caps that are opened by near-IR light. A photo transducer molecule that is a reducing agent in an excited electronic state is covalently attached to the system. Near IR two-photon excitation causes inter-molecular electron transfer that reduces a disulfide bond holding the cap in place, thus allowing the cargo molecules to escape. We describe the operation of the "snap-top" release mechanism by both one- and two-photon activation. This system presents a proof of concept of a near-IR photoredox-induced nanoparticle delivery system that may lead to a new type of photodynamic drug release therapy.
Signal detection and classification using matched filtering and higher order statistics (1990)

A method for signal detection and classification in the presence of additive Gaussian noise using higher-than-second-order statistics of the matched filter output is presented. Deterministic and random, nonGaussian distributed signals are detected via multiple correlations and cumulants, respectively. The detection algorithm is computationally simple, and, contrary to standard matched filtering, it is insensitive to signal shifts and does not require knowledge of the noise spectrum for prewhitening. The detector can be viewed as a likelihood radio test between sampled higher-order statistics, and its performance is evaluated using binary hypothesis testing. Signals are designed to have equal higher-order correlation energies and then classified based on higher-order statistics. Two-dimensional extensions of the one-dimensional algorithms are discussed briefly. Simulations illustrate successful performance of the detection and classification algorithms at low signal-to-noise ratio.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>