gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
STRUCTURE AND SEXUAL DIMORPHIC EXPRESSION OF A LIVER-SPECIFIC RAT 3β-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE/ISOMERASE (1990)

The enzyme 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta 5-delta 4 isomerase (3 beta-HSD) catalyzes the obligatory oxidation and isomerization of delta 5-3 beta-hydroxysteroid precursors into delta 4-3-ketosteroids which lead to the formation of all classes of steroid hormones. We report the molecular cloning of a third type of cDNA clone encoding rat 3 beta- HSD isolated from a rat liver lambda gt11 cDNA library. The nucleotide sequence of 1955 bp determined from overlapping cDNA clones predicts a protein of 372 amino acids which displays 80% similarity with that of rat type I and type II 3 beta-HSD proteins. RNA blot analysis reveals the presence of mRNA transcripts of 2.1 kb in male liver in contrast to the 1.7 kb mRNA species detected in adrenal and gonad poly(A)+ RNA. Ribonuclease protection assays using type I, type II and type III specific cRNA probes demonstrate the liver-specific expression of type III mRNA while the two others are expressed in adrenals and gonads. The type III mRNA species was below the detection limit in intact female liver while in hypophysectomized females, its accumulation was restored to 55% of the levels measured in intact or hypophysectomized male rats. The present data describe the presence of a third type of 3 beta-HSD mRNA species and its marked sexual dimorphic gene expression in the liver which apparently results from pituitary hormone-induced gene repression in female rat liver tissue.
Quantum Walks in Quasi-Periodic Photonics Lattices (2019)

We present construction rules for a new class of quasi-periodic photonics lattices to realize localized quantum walks deterministically. The new quasi-periodic structures are constructed symmetrically with Fibonacci, Thue-Morse sequences. Our simulations show that localized quantum walks in these quasi-periodic lattices are symmetrical and highly controllable.
5.5 MEASUREMENT OF ARTERIAL STIFFNESS BY ULTRAFAST ECHO: COMPARISON WITH ECHOTRACKING IN NORMOTENSIVE SUBJECTS AND HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS (2015)

Because measurement of arterial stiffness is highly dependent on blood pressure (BP), methods independent of BP are required. Ultrafast echography (UFE, Supersonic Imagine, Aix en Provence, France) makes use of very fast sampling rate (up to 10 kHz), so transient events such as pressure wave arrival can be tracked. This method has never been tested against classical echotracking (Artlab, Esaote, Maastricht, NL) and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV, Sphygmocor, AtCor, Sydney, Australia). We included 56 subjects, 27 normotensives (NT) and 29 essential hypertensives (HT), matched for age and sex. We optimized UFE algorithms for pressure wave detection and tracking, for both foot of the wave (FW) and dicrotic notch (DN) PWV. Feasibility appears good (FW: 78%, DN: 96%). The relations of arterial stiffness with age and blood pressure were stronger for echotracking and cf-PWV than for UFE. DN wave fronts appeared better associated with cf-PWV (r = 0.32, p &lt; 0.001) and carotid PWV (r = 0.47, p &lt; 0.001). FW was not associated with cf-PWV nor with carotid PWV. The residuals between DN and carotid PWV were not associated with BP or age. Similar associations between DN and cf-PWV/carotid PWV were found in NT and HT. Conclusion: After optimizing algorithms for wave front identification and tracking, UFE appears as a promising technique for assessing arterial stiffness. DN showed the best associations with echotracking, whereas FW did not provide meaningful data. As previously shown by Hermeling et al (J Hypertens 2008 and 2009), FW is not appropriate for local stiffness measurement likely because of very early wave reflections.
Correlated Induction of Nitrate Uptake and Membrane Polypeptides in Corn Roots (1988)

Induction of corn (Zea mays L.) seedling root membrane polypeptides was studied by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in relation to induction of nitrate uptake. When nitrate uptake was studied using freshly harvested roots from 4-day old corn seedlings, a steady state rate of uptake was achieved after a lag of 2 to 3 hours. The plasma membrane fraction from freshly harvested roots (uninduced) and roots pretreated in 5 millimolar nitrate for 2.5 or 5 hours (induced) showed no differences in the major polypeptides with Coomassie blue staining. Autoradiography of the (35)S-methionine labeled proteins, however, showed four polypeptides with approximate molecular masses of 165, 95, 70, and 40 kilodaltons as being induced by both 2.5 and 5-hour pretreatment in 5 millimolar nitrate. All four polypeptides appeared to be integral membrane proteins as shown by Triton X-114 (octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol) washing of the membrane vesicles. Autoradiography of the two-dimensional gels revealed that several additional low molecular weight proteins were induced. A 5-hour pretreatment in 5 millimolar chloride also induced several of the low molecular weight polypeptides, although a polypeptide of about 30 kilodaltons and a group of polypeptides around 40 kilodaltons appeared to be specifically induced by nitrate. The results are discussed in relation to the possibility that some of the polypeptides induced by nitrate treatment may be directly involved in nitrate transport through the plasma membrane.
Surface emitting laser arrays with uniformly separated wavelengths (1990)

Recently, there has been intensive research on vertical-cavity surface-emitting (VC-SE) lasers. The VC-SE lasers are promising because the processing is wafer-scale and cost-effective, and high packing density as well as low threshold current can be obtained. For applications in optical signal processing optical interconnects, optical neural networks, and optical communications using wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), it is important to obtain a 2-dimensional (2-D) array of monolithically integrated multiple wavelength lasers.
Design of athermalized proximity coupled (APC) synthetic green laser opto-electronic package for microprojector displays: Numerical modeling and experiments (2011)

Micro-projector based displays are proposed for information display for a number of consumer devices. These displays would provide larger images than existing fixed Liquid crystal displays. The two major components of micro-projector technology are the Light source and the Imaging technology. Three primary colors, red, blue and green are required to create full color images. The light sources in the projection technology would be semiconductor devices that emit these colors. These devices could be either light emitting diodes (LEDs) or lasers. To enable the laser based projection technology, red and blue lasers are commercially available. Native semiconductor green lasers are still in development. As an alternative, synthetic green light can be produced by passing 1060nm infra-red light emitted from a GaAs based semiconductor laser diode (LD) through second harmonic generation (SHG) crystal, thereby emitting the green light at 530 nm. The current research work proposes bringing the SHG structure in close proximity to the LD, thereby eliminating the use of any optics in between. The proximity coupling approach promises to reduce the number of package components and process cost significantly. This paper presents the mechanical package design, coefficient of thermal expansion based displacement estimates, thermal analysis wherein the thermal impedance is predicted and measured, thermo-mechanical analysis wherein the thermo-mechanical stresses and strains are predicted. Shock modeling has been done to understand the displacements of the waveguides during the shock event. Optical modeling is performed to estimate the coupling efficiency change as a function of lateral and longitudinal offset between the LD and SHG waveguides. Finally, an assembled package that generated green light using this design is presented.
State Estimation and Dynamic Model Identification of Flexible Manipulators based on Time-Series Sensor Information. (2002)

In this paper, we propose a method to estimate state variables based on time-series sensor information of flexible manipulator motion. It is also possible to identify dynamic model parameters of flexible manipulator based on the time-series sensor information. We have proposed two schemes for this identification, namely, driving torque error minimizationandstate variables error minimization. Characteristics of these two schemes are studied. Effectiveness of the proposed methods is verified by some experiments.
Quantum computer based on color centers in diamond (2021)

Artificial atoms like the nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond enable the realization of fully functional qubits in a solid at room temperature. The functionalities of all the parts needed to create a quantum computer, such as quantum error correction, couplings, quantum teleportation, and a quantum repeater, have already been experimentally demonstrated. These achievements are expected to influence the industrial development of quantum information technology as well as quantum sensing. Whereas quantum sensing has been established and a large number of organizations are working on new developments in this area, a quantum computer itself remains elusive due to technical reasons and limitations of the available materials. For example, only in recent months has it become possible to electrically readout the NV spin state at the level of a single center and significantly improve the scalability of NV center production. A number of ideas have been proposed to overcome the above-mentioned limitations. This paper summarizes the status of research in the area, details the most promising concepts for development, and discusses factors limiting progress as well as the most recent developments in the field.
Small-Molecule Fluorophores To Detect Cell-State Switching in the Context of High-Throughput Screening (2008)

A small molecule capable of distinguishing the distinct states resulting from cellular differentiation would be of enormous value, for example, in efforts aimed at regenerative medicine. We screened a collection of fluorescent small molecules for the ability to distinguish the differentiated state of a mouse skeletal muscle cell line. High-throughput fluorescence-based screening of C2C12 myoblasts and myotubes resulted in the identification of six compounds with the desired selectivity, which was confirmed by high-content screening in the same cell states. The compound that resulted in the greatest fluorescence intensity difference between the cell states was used as the screening agent in a pilot screen of 84 kinase inhibitors, each present in four doses, for inhibition of myogenesis. Of the kinase inhibitors, 17 resulted in reduction of fluorescence at one or more concentrations; among the "hits" included known inhibitors of myogenesis, confirming that this compound is capable of detecting the differentiated myotube state. We suggest that the strategy of screening for screening agents reported here may be extended more broadly in the future.
ChemInform Abstract: An Effective Method for Formylation of Weakly Nucleophilic Anilines and Indole. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The performance of the CUDA implementations of HABC and CFS-PML ABCs on GPU hardware (2014)

The General Purpose computing on Graphics Processing Units (GPGPU) is used to accelerate the FDTD method in an effective way. This paper presents the performance of the Huygens Absorbing Boundary Conditions (HABC) implementation on GPU and the Complex Frequency-Shifted Perfectly Matched Layer (CFS-PML) Absorbing Boundary Conditions (ABCs) implementation on the GPU. A comparison between the implementations of the two ABCs on Tesla architecture GPUs is proposed in this paper.
CTCF, a Candidate Trans -Acting Factor for X-Inactivation Choice (2002)

In mammals, X-inactivation silences one of two female X chromosomes. Silencing depends on the noncoding gene, Xist (inactive X-specific transcript), and is blocked by the antisense gene, Tsix. Deleting the choice/imprinting center in Tsix affects X-chromosome selection. Here, we identify the insulator and transcription factor, CTCF, as a candidate trans-acting factor for X-chromosome selection. The choice/imprinting center contains tandem CTCF binding sites that function in an enhancer-blocking assay. In vitro binding is reduced by CpG methylation and abolished by including non-CpG methylation. We postulate that Tsix and CTCF together establish a regulatable epigenetic switch for X-inactivation.
Trajectory reconstruction based on an operator-object model. (1988)

作業者と作業対象物とのインタラクションを表現するインピーダンス・モデルがHoganによって提案されている.これを「こま回し」に適用し, モデルの係数を位置情報のみをもとに同定する.同定された係数を用いて, 観測された作業者の手先軌道をマニピュレータが再現可能なものへと再構成する方法を述べる.
DPP (Dipeptidyl Peptidase)-4 Inhibition Potentiates the Vasoconstrictor Response to NPY (Neuropeptide Y) in Humans During Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibition (2018)

DPP (dipeptidyl peptidase)-4 inhibitors are antidiabetic drugs that may increase heart failure in high-risk patients. NPY (neuropeptide Y) is coreleased with norepinephrine, causes vasoconstriction via the Y1 receptor, and is degraded by DPP4 to NPY (3-36) in vitro. NPY (3-36) decreases release of norepinephrine via the Y2 receptor. We tested the hypothesis that DPP4 inhibition would potentiate the vasoconstrictor effect of NPY. Eighteen nonsmokers (12 healthy controls and 6 with type 2 diabetes mellitus) participated in 1 of 2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover studies. First, subjects were randomized to order of treatment with sitagliptin 100 mg/d versus placebo for 7 days separated by 4-week washout. On the last day of treatment, NPY was infused by brachial artery and forearm blood flow was measured using plethysmography. Blood samples were collected after each dose. NPY infusions were repeated after 90-minute washout and intra-arterial enalaprilat. Second, 5 healthy subjects were randomized to crossover treatment with sitagliptin 100 mg/d plus valsartan 160 mg/d versus placebo plus valsartan. NPY infusions were performed on the seventh day of treatment. NPY caused dose-dependent vasoconstriction. During enalaprilat, sitagliptin significantly potentiated NPY-induced vasoconstriction in controls and diabetics ( P≤0.02 for forearm blood flow in either group). Baseline norepinephrine release was increased during sitagliptin and enalaprilat, but not further by NPY. Sitagliptin increased the ratio of NPY to NPY (3-36). During valsartan, sitagliptin also significantly potentiated NPY-induced vasoconstriction ( P=0.009 for forearm blood flow). Potentiation of endogenous NPY could contribute to cardiovascular effects of DPP4 inhibitors in patients taking an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker.
Signaling Analysis and Optimal Channel Data Rates for High-Performance FPGA Interfaces (2018)

The study of the optimal data rates of high-speed channels supported by typical high-performance FPGA chips is presented. First, the representative channels are grouped into distinct categories that have drastically dissimilar characteristics. Consequently, the range of the channel operating data rates are expected to be significantly different. Special circuitries of various complexity are often implemented in the transmitters and receivers to mitigate the channel attenuation and enable the link to operate at the desired data rates. This paper attempts to shed a light on the optimal intrinsic channel data rates. Based on the signaling power, receiver sensitivity and the channel frequency responses, the range or optimal signaling rates of the channels are derived for each category. Finally, the paper summarizes the main differences of the channels in terms of characteristics, transceiver complexity, and optimal data rates when the high-speed links are implemented in suitable semiconductor technology.
Neuronal circuits sustaining neocortical-injury-induced status epilepticus (2022)

We present a large-scale, high-resolution map of seizure spread during neocortical injury-induced SE. Cortico-cortical and cortico subcortical re-entrant circuits sustain neocortical SE. Neuronal loss following neocortical SE, distant from the neocortical focus, may result from seizures.
The Impact of Reprovisioning on the Choice of Shared versus Dedicated Networks (2010)

As new network services emerge, questions about service deployment and network choices arise. Although shared networks, such as the Internet, offer many advantages, combining heterogeneous services on the same network need not be the right answer as it comes at the cost of increased complexity. Moreover, deploying new services on dedicated networks is becoming increasingly viable, thanks to virtualization technologies. In this work, we introduce an analytical framework that gives Internet Service Providers the ability to explore the trade-offs between shared and dedicated network infrastructures. The framework accounts for factors such as the presence of demand uncertainty for new services, (dis)economies of scope in deployment and operational costs, and the extent to which new technologies allow dynamic (re)provisioning of resources in response to excess demands. The main contribution is the identification and quantification of dynamic (re)provisioning as a key factor in determining the preferred network infrastructure, i.e. shared or dedicated.
Electrical capacitance of the unit cube (2004)

It is well known that there is no analytical expression for the electrical capacitance of a cube, even though it has been claimed that one can compute this capacitance numerically to high precision. However, there have been some disparities between reported numerical results of the capacitance of the unit cube. In this article, the “walk on planes” (WOP) algorithm [M. L. Mansfield, J. F. Douglas, and E. J. Garboczi, Phys. Rev. E 64, 061401 (2001)] is used to compute the capacitance of the unit cube. With WOP, we remove the error from the ε-absorption layer commonly used in “walk on spheres” computations so that there is no inherent error introduced in these WOP computations except the intrinsic Monte Carlo sampling error of size O(N1/2). This WOP technique comes from the isomorphism, provided by probabilistic potential theory, between the electrostatic Dirichlet problem on a conducting surface, and the corresponding Brownian motion first-passage expectation. The numerical result we obtain with WOP, 0.660 678 2±1×10−7, supports the deterministic calculations by Read [F. H. Read, J. Comp. Phys. 133, 1 (1997)], the results by Given et al. [J. A. Given, J. B. Hubbard, and J. F. Douglas, J. Chem. Phys. 106, 3721 (1997)] and our previous results [C.-O. Hwang and M. Mascagni, J. Korean Phys. Soc. 42, L1 (2003); M. Mascagni and N. A. Simonov, J. Comp. Phys. (in press)]. Also, it is noted that the exact value conjectured by Hubbard and Douglas is inconsistent with our calculations, and that some other calculations fall outside our error bounds.
Cybersecurity as an Application Domain for Multiagent Systems (2015)

The science of cybersecurity has recently been garnering much attention among researchers and practitioners dissatisfied with the ad hoc nature of much of the existing work on cybersecurity. Cybersecurity offers a great opportunity for multiagent systems research. We motivate cybersecurity as an application area for multiagent systems with an emphasis on normative multiagent systems. First, we describe ways in which multiagent systems could help advance our understanding of cybersecurity and provide a set of principles that could serve as a foundation for a new science of cybersecurity. Second, we argue how paying close attention to the challenges of cybersecurity could expose the limitations of current research in multiagent systems, especially with respect to dealing with considerations of autonomy and interdependence.
A Comprehensive Obstetrics Patient Safety Program Improves Safety Climate and Culture (2011)

A number of patient safety programs have been developed to improve safety and the quality of care in a hospital setting. Building a patient safety culture involves integration of safety thinking among hospital staff for changes in the practice that improves patient safety. A quantitative measure of safety culture, the safety climate, can be assessed through examination of adverse event outcomes, adherence to standard practices, or analysis of health care teams' attitudes about safety issues. Although many patient safety programs have achieved significant reductions in adverse outcomes, the impact of such programs on staff safety perceptions and attitudes is unclear. This study was designed to assess the effect of implementing an integrated obstetrics patient safety program on perceptions of staff toward safety culture and quality of care in the workplace. The safety program involved implementation of the following interventions: (1) use of an obstetrics patient safety nurse to coordinate educational efforts for staff team training and fetal monitoring as well as to direct an anonymous event reporting system and review adverse events; (2) protocol development to codify and standardize existing practices; (3) an anonymous, computerized event reporting system for reporting events potentially harmful to a patient/visitor; (4) availability of an obstetrics hospitalist 24 hours a day; (5) a multidisciplinary patient safety committee responsible for evaluation of quality assurance and improvement review; and (6) team training for hospital staff through a series of crew resource management seminars. The Safety Attitude Questionnaire was administered on 4 occasions between 2004 and 2009 to assess changes in perceptions of staff with respect to teamwork culture (collaboration), safety culture (organizational commitment to safety), job satisfaction (workplace positivity), working conditions (quality of the work environment), stress recognition (effect of stressors on performance), and approval of managerial action. There were significant improvements from 2004 to 2009 in the proportion of staff members with favorable perceptions of teamwork culture (39%–63%), safety culture (33%–63%), job satisfaction (39%–53%), and managerial actions (10%–37%); all comparisons were P < 0.05. Clinically significant improvements occurred in the perception of both safety and teamwork climate among obstetrics providers, residents, and nurses (P < 0.01). These findings show that safety programs in a hospital setting can improve staff perceptions of safety and the safety climate and may enhance patient care. As a secondary benefit, such programs may reduce the cost of care.
Sub 5-cycle pulse generation from mode-locked Cr:ZnS laser using mid-IR resonant SWCNTs (2020)

We demonstrate the excellent saturable absorption of single-walled carbon nanotubes with resonance around 2.4 µm, realizing 36-fs oscillation in a Cr:ZnS oscillator. Introducing a two-stage single pass amplifier, the output exceeds 100 nJ.
Activation of O–H and C–O bonds of methanol by photoexcited iron atoms (1985)

The activation of the O–H and C–O bonds of methanol has accomplished by photoexcitation of the Fe(MeOH) adduct, formed the cocondensation of iron-methanol with excess of argon at 14K, in the violet (400 nm < λ < 500 nm) and u.v.(280 nm < λ < 360 nm) regions, respectively; prolonged u.v. photolysis leads to the formation of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, an interesting observation in that it apparently represents the reverse of the Fischer–Tropsch process for methanol synthesis.