gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Correlated 1–1000 Hz magnetic field fluctuations from lightning over Earth-scale distances and their impact on gravitational wave searches (2023)

We report Earth-scale distance magnetic correlations from lightning strokes in the frequency range 1--1000 Hz at several distances ranging from 1100 km to 9000 km. Noise sources which are correlated on Earth-scale distances can affect future searches for gravitational-wave signals with ground-based gravitational-wave interferometric detectors. We consider the impact of correlations from magnetic field fluctuations on gravitational-wave searches due to Schumann resonances ($&lt;50\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{Hz}$) as well as higher frequencies ($&gt;100\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{Hz}$). We demonstrate that individual lightning strokes are a likely source for the observed correlations in the magnetic field fluctuations at gravitational-wave observatories and discuss some of their characteristics. Furthermore, we predict their impact on searches for an isotropic gravitational-wave background, as well as for searches looking for short-duration transient gravitational waves, both unmodeled signals (bursts) as well as modeled signals (compact binary coalescence). Whereas the recent third observing run by LIGO and Virgo was free of an impact from correlated magnetic field fluctuations, future runs could be affected. In particular, third-generation detectors may be highly susceptible to these correlated magnetic transients in the various searches as well as parameter estimation. We suggest that future detector design should consider reducing lightning coupling by, for example, reducing the lightning-induced beam tube currents that pass through sensitive magnetic coupling regions in current detectors. We also suggest that the diurnal and seasonal variation in lightning activity may be useful in discriminating between detector correlations that are produced by gravitational waves and those produced by lightning.
A single-phase brookite TiO2 nanoparticle bridge enhances the stability of perovskite solar cells (2020)

The high potential of Brookite TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles (NPs) bridges between perovskite and TiO<sub>2</sub> CL, resulted in improved stability of PSCs.
Finding optimum wavefront of parallel computation (2002)

The problem of finding the optimum wavefront that minimizes total computation time is discussed for iterative computations over two-dimensional arrays executed on linear or two-dimensional processor arrays. Assuming a continuum of data elements in two-dimensional arrays computed on a linear array of processors, efficient algorithms are presented to determine the optimum wavefront of the computation and the optimum partitioning of the wavefront into sections assigned to individual processors. An O(n/sup 2/) time algorithm, where n is the number of data dependence vectors, for finding the optimum wavefront for one-dimensional processor arrays is described. In addition, a method for finding a good wavefront for two-dimensional single-instruction, multiple-data (SIMD) machines is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Closed-loop adaptive optic comparison between a Shack-Hartmann and a distorted-grating wavefront sensor (2004)

Earlier research reported a comparison of the wavefronts recorded simultaneously by a Shack-Hartmann and a Distorted Grating Wavefront Sensor (DGWFS). In this paper we present the results of a continuation of this earlier work where we have now closed an adaptive optics loop under simulated propagation conditions using the Advanced Concept Laboratory (ACL) at Lincoln Laboratory. For these measurements only one wavefront sensor controlled the deformable mirror at a time. To make direct comparisons between the sensors we took advantage of the ACL’s ability to exactly replicate a time varying propagation simulation. Time varying and static comparisons of the two sensors controlling the ACL adaptive system under conditions that ranged from a benign path, D/r<sub>0</sub> = 2, to a propagation condition with significant scintillation, D/r<sub>0</sub> =9, will be shown using the corrected far field spot as a measure of performance. The paper includes a description of the DGWFS used for these tests and describes the procedure used to align and calibrate the sensor.
Evaluation of Affidavits and Inssuance of Search Warrants: A Practical Guide for Federal Magistrates (1973)

Arthur L. Burnett, Evaluation of Affidavits and Inssuance of Search Warrants: A Practical Guide for Federal Magistrates, The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology (1973-), Vol. 64, No. 3 (Sep., 1973), pp. 270-280
Subband generalized sidelobe canceller - a constrained region approach (2004)

The paper proposes an efficient microphone array processing technique for speech enhancement. The scheme incorporates the source and interference predefined regions into a subband generalized sidelobe canceller (GSC). The lower path consists of two space constrained beamformers to extract the interference information outside the source region. This information then serves as a reference for an improved adaptive noise canceller to enhance the target signal. The key feature of this approach is that it is voice activity detector free. Evaluations made in a hands-free situation show very good interference suppression with negligible expense on the source distortion.
Power Savings and QoS Impact for VoIP Application with DRX/DTX Feature in LTE (2011)

In the Long Term Evolution system Discontinuous Transmission and Reception (DRX/DTX) has been introduced to extend the terminal battery lifetime. In this paper, we study the energy-saving provided by this mechanism and the impact on the QoS performance of Voice over IP (VoIP) traffic under dynamic and semi persistent packet scheduling strategies. Simulations and analytical results show that the DRX/DTX scheme can reduce the terminal power consumption without compromising the required VoIP QoS in terms of maximum air-interface delay. However, it does not provide any further power savings if the terminal is asleep for a period longer than 20 ms. It is shown that the power savings are larger for semi persistent scheduling than for dynamic packet scheduling at the cost of a lower spectral efficiency.
High-Quality Soft Image Delivery with Deep Image Denoising (2020)

Soft image delivery uses pseudo-analog modulation for wireless image transmissions to prevent cliff and leveling effects subject to channel quality fluctuation and to realize graceful quality improvement according to wireless channel quality. Despite its attractive feature of graceful performance, the conventional soft image delivery suffers from low image quality when the analog-modulated symbols are severely impaired by fading and strong channel noise. In this paper, we propose a novel scheme of soft image delivery to reconstruct high-quality images from its low-quality observations. Specifically, the proposed scheme integrates deep convolutional neural network (DCNN)-based image restoration, i.e., deep image prior, into soft image delivery. The deep image prior learns a mapping function from the noisy image to the clean image based on user's perception-aware loss function using multiple training images in prior to soft delivery. The mapping function can restore a clean image even when the received image is distorted by strong fading and additive noise. From the evaluation results, the proposed scheme can remove fading and noise effects from the received images by using DCNN-based image restoration. For example, the proposed scheme achieves up to 0.44 improvement compared with the conventional soft image delivery in terms of structural similarity (SSIM) index at a deep fading channel.
A novel three‐dimensional model system for keloid study: Organotypic multicellular scar model (2012)

We developed a three-dimensional organotypic multicellular spheroid scar model to mimic the microenvironment of human keloid tissues. Keloid tissues were cultured for 7 days. Changes in total cellularity and apoptotic index in the primary keloid spheroid cultures were evaluated histologically and with a TUNEL assay, respectively. The expression profiles of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), collagen I, collagen III, elastin, fibronectin, matrix metalloproteinase-2, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 were examined with immunohistochemistry. In addition, these expression profiles were investigated after treating primary keloid spheroids with triamcinolone acetonide. Cell viability and morphology of ex vivo cultured keloid spheroids were maintained, and the apoptotic index did not increase for up to 1 week in culture. Keloid spheroids cultivated ex vivo retained the major characteristics of keloids, such as high levels of collagen I and TGF-β expression for up to 7 days. The biological activity of keloids responding to TGF-β was also maintained during ex vivo culture. Moreover, ex vivo triamcinolone acetonide treatment of cultivated keloid spheroids significantly reduced collagen I, collagen III, elastin, and fibronectin expression levels, in accordance with clinical observations. The three-dimensional organotypic multicellular spheroid keloid culture will allow investigators to study keloid pathogenesis and test potential keloid therapeutic agents.
Resistance to the quorum-quenching compounds brominated furanone C-30 and 5-fluorouracil inPseudomonas aeruginosaclinical isolates (2013)

The quorum-quenching compounds brominated furanone C-30 and 5-fluorouracil inhibit the pathogenicity of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa laboratory strains PA01 and PA14; however, there is no report studying the effectiveness of these compounds for clinical isolates. Therefore, the effect of both quorum quenchers on the production of pyocyanin, elastase and alkaline protease of eight clinical strains from children was evaluated. Although both compounds were in general effective for the attenuation of these factors, three strains resistant to C-30 were found. For 5-fluorouracil, PA01 and some clinical isolates showed resistance for at least one phenotype.
Supplementary Table S6 from Genomic Features of Exceptional Response in Vemurafenib ± Cobimetinib–treated Patients with <i>BRAF</i><sup>V600</sup>-mutated Metastatic Melanoma (2023)

Supplementary Table S6 from Genomic Features of Exceptional Response in Vemurafenib ± Cobimetinib–treated Patients with &lt;i&gt;BRAF&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;V600&lt;/sup&gt;-mutated Metastatic Melanoma
Inferior Outcome of Addition of the Aminopeptidase Inhibitor Tosedostat to Standard Intensive Treatment for Elderly Patients with AML and High Risk MDS (2021)

Treatment results of AML in elderly patients are unsatisfactory. We hypothesized that addition of tosedostat, an aminopeptidase inhibitor, to intensive chemotherapy may improve outcome in this population. After establishing a safe dose in a run-in phase of the study in 22 patients, 231 eligible patients with AML above 65 years of age (median 70, range 66-81) were randomly assigned in this open label randomized Phase II study to receive standard chemotherapy (3+7) with or without tosedostat at the selected daily dose of 120 mg (<i>n</i> = 116), days 1-21. In the second cycle, patients received cytarabine 1000 mg/m<sup>2</sup> twice daily on days 1-6 with or without tosedostat. CR/CRi rates in the 2 arms were not significantly different (69% (95% C.I. 60-77%) vs 64% (55-73%), respectively). At 24 months, event-free survival (EFS) was 20% for the standard arm versus 12% for the tosedostat arm (Cox-p = 0.01) and overall survival (OS) 33% vs 18% respectively (<i>p</i> = 0.006). Infectious complications accounted for an increased early death rate in the tosedostat arm. Atrial fibrillation was more common in the tosedostat arm as well. The results of the present study show that the addition of tosedostat to standard chemotherapy does negatively affect the therapeutic outcome of elderly AML patients.
Investigation of Impedance Characteristics and Power Delivery for Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Actuators (2010)

Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma actuators have received recent attention for various flow-control applications. To enable system-level design and optimization of plasma actuator systems—including the actuators and all power electronics—equivalent electrical circuit models of the plasma actuators are desired. To address this need, the current/voltage/power behaviors of different DBD plasma actuators designs are experimentally characterized under sinusoidal electrical excitation at varying amplitudes (4 – 10 kVpk) and frequencies (10 – 20 kHz). A simplified parallel resistor– capacitor circuit is used to model the behavioral electrical impedance of the actuators. The dependencies of the circuit model parameters are studied as functions of actuator geometry, excitation amplitude, and excitation frequency. Based on this analysis, considerations for electrical impedance load matching are discussed.
ConStruct-VL: Data-Free Continual Structured VL Concepts Learning (2022)

Recently, large-scale pre-trained Vision-and-Language (VL) foundation models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in many zero-shot downstream tasks, achieving competitive results for recognizing objects defined by as little as short text prompts. However, it has also been shown that VL models are still brittle in Structured VL Concept (SVLC) reasoning, such as the ability to recognize object attributes, states, and inter-object relations. This leads to reasoning mistakes, which need to be corrected as they occur by teaching VL models the missing SVLC skills; often this must be done using private data where the issue was found, which naturally leads to a data-free continual (no task-id) VL learning setting. In this work, we introduce the first Continual Data-Free Structured VL Concepts Learning (ConStruct-VL) benchmark and show it is challenging for many existing data-free CL strategies. We, therefore, propose a data-free method comprised of a new approach of Adversarial Pseudo-Replay (APR) which generates adversarial reminders of past tasks from past task models. To use this method efficiently, we also propose a continual parameter-efficient Layered-LoRA (LaLo) neural architecture allowing no-memory-cost access to all past models at train time. We show this approach outperforms all data-free methods by as much as ~7% while even matching some levels of experience-replay (prohibitive for applications where data-privacy must be preserved). Our code is publicly available at https://github.com/jamessealesmith/ConStruct-VL
Hardware, software, and compositional tools for a real time improvised solo trumpet work (1989)

Various vestibular extension procedures have been described in the literature over the past 6 decades, including the use of free gingival grafts. An acellular dermal allograft has been used as a substitute for autogenous soft tissue grafts in root coverage procedures. This clinical report describes the use of such an allograft as a substitute for palatal donor tissue in the vestibular extension of an edentulous maxillary arch with multiple frenum attachments before fabrication of a complete denture. In this patient, healing was uneventful, and 6-month clinical observations demonstrated an apical positioning of the mucogingival junction with an increase in vestibular depth, and the absence of multiple frenae. The acellular dermal allograft appears to be a useful substitute for autogenous palatal grafts in preprosthetic surgery. This approach has many advantages over the free gingival graft, including no donor site morbidity, unlimited availability, and better color match.
Spontaneous Terpolymeritation of 1,3-Cycloalkadiene, Styrene, and Acrylonitrile in the Presence of Zinc Chloride (1981)

Abstract 1,3-Cycloalkadienes of six- to eight-membered rings, such as 1,3-cyclohexadiene (1,3-CHD), 1,3-cycloheptadiene (1,3-CHpD), and 1,3-cyclooctadiene (1,3-COD), underwent spontaneous terpolymerization with styrene (St) and acrylonitrile (AN) in the presence of ZnClz, which was accompanied by cycloaddition of the diene with AN when 1,3-CHD or 1,3-CHpD was used as the diene. In the system involving 1,3-CHD as diene, the increase in ZnClz concentration increased both the rates of the two reactions and the terpolymer viscosity, while it scarcely affected the terpolymer composition. The terpolymers yielded in the terpolymerizations of 1,3-cycloalkadiene, St, and AN in the presence of ZnClz were composed of ∼50 mol% AN units and of ∼50 mol% donor monomer units, 1,3-cycloalkadiene and St. The terpolymerization was regarded as a binary copolymerization between charge-transfer (CT) complexes of 1,3-cycloalkadiene and St with AN coordinated to ZnC12, (AN)c, and the resulting monomer reactivity ratio for the 1,3-cycloalkadiene-(AN)c complex decreased in the order 1,3-CHD > 1,3-CHpD > 1,3-COD. Such a variation in the monomer reactivity ratios with the diene is explained in terms of two interactions in the propagation: one between the diene and (AN)c in the CT-complex and the other between the diene and a propagating radical having (AN)c as a terminal unit.
Sodium-calcium exchange mechanism in vascular smooth muscle tissue as revealed by manipulating external magnesium. (1990)

Small reductions in external sodium ions [( Na+]o), which cause no contractile effects in normal Mg2(+)-containing medium, cause an immediate contraction when [Mg2+]o is simultaneously withdrawn from isolated rat aortic smooth muscle. These contractions are Ca2(+)-dependent and vary in magnitude with the extracellular Na concentration and the Na substitute used. In contrast to substitution with sucrose, mannitol, urea and choline, substitution with Tris or Li+ does not result in contractions, in the absence of [Mg2+]o with these comparatively low [Na+]o reductions. Choline, mannitol, sucrose and urea substitutions sometimes give rise to a fast contractile phase in the presence of [Mg2+]o, which relaxes within a short time (about 5 min). The rises in tension in response to lowering of [Na+]o in the absence of [Mg2+]o are inhibited by the Na+ influx blocker, amiloride. These data are compatible with the hypothesis that Mg2+ controls Na+/Ca2+ exchange in these low Na+ substitution experiments and also protects the cell from osmotically induced small changes in cell volume in rat aortic smooth muscle.
The principle of uniform solution (of the paradoxes of self-reference) (2000)

Journal Article The principle of uniform solution (of the paradoxes of self-reference) Get access NJJ Smith NJJ Smith Department of Philosophy, 1879 Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-1006, USA E-mail: njsmith@princeton.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Mind, Volume 109, Issue 433, January 2000, Pages 117–122, https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/109.433.117 Published: 01 January 2000
Free-breathing low-field MRI of the lung exhibits functional damages associated with persistent symptoms in Covid-19 patients (2023)

Free-breathing lung images were acquired at 0.55T in 73 Covid-19 patients, on average 5.4 months after the symptoms onset. Perfusion, fractional ventilation and Flow-Volume Loop correlation (FVLc) maps were extracted with the Phase-Resolved Functional Lung analysis technique, and percentages of defect areas were calculated. The most relevant predictors of the presence of persistent symptoms were the areas with concurrent perfusion and FVLc defects, and the areas without defects. Patients could be classified as symptomatic or asymptomatic with an accuracy of 71% when fitting a regression model with these predictors on the entire dataset and their combined score was significantly different.
Hybrid Mass Spectrometer (2016)

This document contains recommendations for terminology in mass spectrometry. Development of standard terms dates back to 1974 when the IUPAC Commission on Analytical Nomenclature issued recommendations on mass spectrometry terms and definitions. In 1978, the IUPAC Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy updated and extended the recommendations and made further recommendations regarding symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations. The IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy’s Subcommittee on Mass Spectroscopy revised the recommended terms in 1991 and appended terms relating to vacuum technology. Some additional terms related to tandem mass spectrometry were added in 1993 and accelerator mass spectrometry in 1994. Owing to the rapid expansion of the field in the intervening years, particularly in mass spectrometry of biomolecules, a further revision of the recommendations has become necessary. This document contains a comprehensive revision of mass spectrometry terminology that represents the current consensus of the mass spectrometry community.
Out of Africa: origins and evolution of the human malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax (2016)

Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax account for more than 95% of all human malaria infections, and thus pose a serious public health challenge. To control and potentially eliminate these pathogens, it is important to understand their origins and evolutionary history. Until recently, it was widely believed that P. falciparum had co-evolved with humans (and our ancestors) over millions of years, whilst P. vivax was assumed to have emerged in southeastern Asia following the cross-species transmission of a parasite from a macaque. However, the discovery of a multitude of Plasmodium spp. in chimpanzees and gorillas has refuted these theories and instead revealed that both P. falciparum and P. vivax evolved from parasites infecting wild-living African apes. It is now clear that P. falciparum resulted from a recent cross-species transmission of a parasite from a gorilla, whilst P. vivax emerged from an ancestral stock of parasites that infected chimpanzees, gorillas and humans in Africa, until the spread of the protective Duffy-negative mutation eliminated P. vivax from human populations there. Although many questions remain concerning the biology and zoonotic potential of the P. falciparum- and P. vivax-like parasites infecting apes, comparative genomics, coupled with functional parasite and vector studies, are likely to yield new insights into ape Plasmodium transmission and pathogenesis that are relevant to the treatment and prevention of human malaria.
Conversion of Biomass-Derived Methyl Levulinate to Methyl Vinyl Ketone (2022)

A high-throughput screening exercise testing 60 different catalysts resulted in 5 wt % Pt on sulfided carbon as the best catalyst in the conversion of bio-based methyl levulinate (ML) to methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) in a gas-phase continuous process. Up to 18% yield of MVK was obtained, but fast catalyst deactivation was observed. For a better understanding of the reaction mechanism, the potential reaction intermediates [α-angelica lactone (α-AL), γ-valerolactone, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), and levulinic acid (LA)] were also fed as starting materials under the same reaction conditions as those used for ML. Of the different pathways possible, the route via AL seems to be the most likely route. Since the side product methanol led to the hydrogenation of MVK to MEK, LA is a better substrate in this reaction toward MVK at a medium reaction temperature. Herein, we report the highest yield of MVK (>50%) from LA at 350 °C. However, this knowledge of the reaction pathway via AL also opened up the possibility of a high-temperature conversion process of ML to MVK. It was found that ML could be converted to MVK in 71% selectivity at 600 °C using 40% CaO on γ-Al2O3 as the catalyst. Here, the catalyst merely serves to accelerate the ring closure of ML to AL, which undergoes an electrocyclic reaction under extrusion of CO to form MVK.