gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Cannabis on Cardiovascular System: The Good, the Bad, and the Many Unknowns (2021)

Cannabis is currently the most consumed illicit substance in the world, and gradual legalization in the USA makes it important to understand the health consequences of the use of this substance. With growing body of evidence that some cannabis ingredients may be beneficial in various aspects of hemostasis, additional research is clearly needed in various clinical areas. In addition to understanding the efficacy, research efforts should also include studies that address any harmful effects of the compounds or administration methods that may result in adverse effects. This review is focused on the cardiometabolic effects of cannabis use. Cardiometabolic diseases are among the leading causes of death in the USA and around the world. The purpose of this review was to provide an overview of the known medicinal benefits of selected cannabis cannabinoids and the known side effects or contraindications. More importantly, we have proposed new questions and signposts in cannabis research to uncover additional medicinal benefits and identify the health hazards with focus on cardiovascular disease.
A small-area high performance 512-point 2-dimensional FFT single-chip processor (2004)

A single-chip 512-point FFT processor is presented. This processor is based on the cached-memory architecture (CMA) with the resource saving multi-datapath radix-2/sup 2/ computation element. The 2-stage CMA, including a pair of single-port SRAMs, is also introduced to speedup the execution time of the 2-dimensional FFTs. Using the above techniques, we have designed an FFT processor core which integrates 552,000 transistors within an area of 2.8 /spl times/ 2.8 mm/sup 2/ with CMOS 0.35 /spl mu/m triple-layer-metal process. This processor can execute a 512-point, 36-bit-complex fixed-point data format, 1-dimensional FFT in 23.2 /spl mu/sec and a 2-dimensional one in only 23.8 msec at 133 MHz operation.
Identification of drug-specific public TCR driving severe cutaneous adverse reactions (2019)

Drug hypersensitivity such as severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCAR), including Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), could be life-threatening. Here, we enroll SCAR patients to investigate the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire by next-generation sequencing. A public αβTCR is identified from the cytotoxic T lymphocytes of patients with carbamazepine-SJS/TEN, with its expression showing drug/phenotype-specificity and an bias for HLA-B*15:02. This public αβTCR has binding affinity for carbamazepine and its structural analogs, thereby mediating the immune response. Adoptive transfer of T cell expressing this public αβTCR to HLA-B*15:02 transgenic mice receiving oral administration of carbamazepine induces multi-organ injuries and symptoms mimicking SCAR, including hair loss, erythema, increase of inflammatory lymphocytes in the skin and blood, and liver and kidney dysfunction. Our results not only demonstrate an essential role of TCR in the immune synapse mediating SCAR, but also implicate potential clinical applications and development of therapeutics.
Controlling high-bandwidth flows at the congested router (2005)

FIFO queueing is simple but does not protect traffic from high-bandwidth flows, which include not only flows that fail to use end-to-end congestion control, but also short round-trip time TCP flows. At the other extreme, per-flow scheduling mechanisms provide max-min fairness but are more complex, keeping state for all flows going through the router. This paper presents RED-PD (Random Early Detection-Preferential Dropping), a mechanism that combines simplicity and protection by keeping state for just the high-bandwidth flows. RED-PD uses the packet drop history at the router to detect high-bandwidth flows in times of congestion and preferentially drops packets from these flows. This paper discusses the design decisions underlying RED-PD. We show that it is effective at controlling high-bandwidth flows using a small amount of state and very simple fast-path operations.
CAG repeat polymorphism within the KCNN3 gene is a significant contributor to susceptibility to anorexia nervosa: A case‐control study of female patients and several ethnic groups in the Israeli Jewish population (2004)

The human small-conductance Ca(2+)-activated potassium channel gene KCNN3 has been involved in mechanisms underlying neuronal function and plasticity. A multiallelic CAG repeat polymorphism within the KCNN3 has been associated with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. We have previously reported in a family-based study that longer CAG repeats are preferentially transmitted to patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). The present study extends the analysis of KCNN3 allele distribution to a larger series of AN female patients and control groups, incorporating information on ethnicity and co-morbidities associated with AN. The data analysis is presented while considering separately the two alleles of each individual, namely a minor (shorter) and a major (longer) allele. This study has found that the KCNN3 allele distribution in the general Israeli population does not differ significantly in at least four Jewish ethnic groups of Ashkenazi, North African, Iraqi, and Yemenite origin. These have been used as control groups in a matched case-control analysis that has demonstrated a significant over-representation of KCNN3 alleles with longer CAG repeats among AN patients (P < 0.001 for the major allele and P = 0.035 for allele sum). Under dichotomization, a significantly higher prevalence of the L allele (>19 repeats) has been observed among AN patients (P < 0.001). While considering AN and co-morbid phenotypes, a tendency towards longer (L) alleles has been observed in the subset of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) co-morbidity. These findings further implicate KCNN3 as a significant contributor to predisposition to AN.
Heterologous Immunization With Defined RNA and Subunit Vaccines Enhances T Cell Responses That Protect Against Leishmania donovani (2018)

The rapid generation of strong T cell responses is highly desirable and viral vectors can have potent CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell-inducing activity. Immunity to leishmaniasis requires selective T cell responses, with immunization schemes that raise either CD4 or CD8 T cell responses being protective in small animal models. We have defined the leishmaniasis vaccine candidate recombinant fusion antigens, LEISH-F2 and LEISH-F3+, that when formulated in a stable emulsion with a Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 agonist, induce protective CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell responses in animal models as well as providing therapeutic efficacy in canine leishmaniasis and in clinical trials in leishmaniasis patients. We used the genetic sequences of these validated vaccine antigens to design RNA vaccine constructs. Immunization of mice with the RNA replicons induced potent, local innate responses that were surprisingly independent of TLR7 and activated antigen-presenting cells (APC) to prime for extremely potent antigen-specific T helper 1 type responses upon heterologous boosting with either of the subunit vaccines (recombinant antigen with second generation glucopyranosyl lipid A in stable oil-in-water emulsion; SLA-SE). Inclusion of RNA in the immunization schedule also generated MHCI-restricted T cell responses. Immunization with LEISH-F2-expressing RNA vaccine followed later by subunit vaccine afforded protection against challenge with <i>Leishmania donovani</i>. Together, these data indicate the utility of heterologous prime-boost immunization schemes for the induction of potent antigen-specific CD4 and CD8 T cell responses for protection against intracellular pathogens.
PS 04-26 PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVATION OF TRPV4 BY GSK1016790A ATTENUATES ARTERIOGENESIS TRIGGERED BY INCREASED SHEAR STRESS (2016)

Objective: Arteriogenesis may aid the efforts in lowering vascular resistance and improving organ blood flow if it can be controlled. A previous claim that pharmacological activation of TRPV4 channels using 4α-Phorbol 12,13-didecanoate (4αPDD), a non-selective agonist, enhanced arteriogenesis in the posterior cerebral circulation (Schierling et al., 2011) was examined using a highly selective TRPV4 agonist - GSK1016790A. Design and Method: Increased shear stress in the cerebral circulation was induced by bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries (BCL). Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to either: sham, BCL, BCL+vehicle, BCL+4αPDD, BCL+GSK1016790A. The vehicle and drugs were delivered by osmotic minipump (7 days) into the cerebral circulation via a carotid artery. Brain casts using ink/gelatine contrast medium were examined. Results: BCL increased basilar artery diameter relative to sham (348 ± 14 vs 224 ± 23 μm, respectively, p < 0.001). The vehicle control did not differ from the BCL (BCL+vehicle 360.2 ± 42.42 μm). There was a difference between BCL/vehicle and sham control (360 ± 42 vs 224 ± 23 μm respectively, p < 0.01). The two TRPV4 agonists had an opposite effect on the basilar artery diameter. BCL+4αPDD group had basilar arteries that remodelled to the same extent as the BCL only group (400 ± 51 vs 348 ± 14 μm, respectively, NS) whereas infusion of GSK1016790A attenuated the remodelling induced by BCL (294 ± 22 vs 348 ± 14 μm respectively, p < 0.05). A 7 day recovery from GSK1016790A increased basilar artery diameter (407 ± 43 μm, p < 0.05). Similar findings were apparent in the vertebral arteries also. Conclusions: Activation of TRPV4 channels using a selective agonist attenuates posterior cerebral circulation arteriogenesis triggered by increased shear stress model. Thus, we do not support the contention that TRPV4 channel activity would be a therapeutic target to increase organ blood flow.
Reactivation kinetics of boron acceptors in hydrogenated silicon during zero bias anneal (1997)

The reactivation kinetics of passivated boron acceptors in hydrogenated silicon during zero bias annealing in the temperature range of 65–130 °C are reported. For large annealing times and high annealing temperatures, the reactivation process follows second-order kinetics and is rate limited by a thermally activated H̃2 complex formation process. For short annealing times and low annealing temperatures, the reactivation rate is found to be larger than that due to H̃2 complex formation alone. We conclude that the faster reactivation is caused by the diffusion of the liberated hydrogen atoms into the bulk as well as H̃2 complex formation. The effective diffusion coefficient of hydrogen is measured and found to obey the Arrhenius relation with an activation energy (1.41±0.1) eV.
Structure and Microwave Dielectric Properties of (Zn 1−x Co x )TiO 3 Ceramics (2003)

Dielectric ceramics in the system (Zn 1− x Co x )TiO 3 ( x = 0–1) were synthesized by the solid‐state reaction route. The phase distribution, microstructure, and dielectric properties were characterized by using powder X‐ray diffraction analysis, electron microscopy, and microwave measurement techniques. Three phase composition regions were identified in the specimens sintered at 1150°C; [spinel + rutile] at 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5, [spinel + ilmenite + rutile] at 0.5 &lt; x ≤ 0.7, and [ilmenite] phase at 0.7 &lt; x ≤ 1. For the 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5 region, the amount of Ti‐rich precipitates incorporated into the spinel phase decreased with the Co content at 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5, with a concomitant increase of the rutile phase. The ilmenite phase appeared for high Co content. The microwave dielectric properties depended on the phase composition and volume according to the three phase regions, where the relative amount of rutile to the spinel or ilmenite determined the dielectric properties. The dielectric constant as a function of Co addition was modeled with a Maxwell mixing rule. An optimum phase distribution was determined in this system with dielectric constant of 25, a Q * f 70 000 GHz, and a low temperature coefficient of the resonant frequency.
End-label, free-solution capillary electrophoresis of highly charged oligosaccharides (1995)

The effect of fluorescent tags on the separation of negatively charged oligosaccharides, derived from a partially hydrolyzed kappa-carrageenan, was studied. When the charge-to-friction ratio of oligosaccharides is increased by the end-label, the migration order is from smaller to larger oligomers, and the resolution of larger oligomers could be improved by using a sieving medium. The migration order can be entirely reversed when the charge-to-friction ratio of the solute is decreased by the end-label. The experimental electrophoretic mobilities obtained in this work are in excellent agreement with the recently reported theoretical model (Mayer, P.; Slater, G. W.; Drouin, G. Anal. Chem. 1994, 66, 1777-1780). The maximum number of separated oligomers (Mmax) as a function of applied voltage and injection time was also studied, but no strong dependencies were found. Resolution between small oligomers could be significantly improved by following this separation principle.
Molecular genetics of adult‐type hypolactasia (2005)

Adult-type hypolactasia (lactase non-persistence; primary lactose malabsorption) is characterized by the down-regulation of the lactase enzyme activity in the intestinal wall after weaning. The down-regulation is genetically determined and a mutation has occurred that has made part of mankind tolerate milk (lactase persistence). A DNA-variant, single nucleotide polymorphism C/T-13910 located 13 910 base pairs (bp) upstream of the lactase gene (LCT) at chromosome 2q21-22 has been shown to associate with the lactase persistence/non-persistence trait both in family and case-control studies. The C/T-13910 variant is located in a non-coding region in the genome in intron 13 of the minichromosome maintenance type 6 gene (MCM6). Significant correlation between the C/T-13910-variant and lactase activity in the intestinal biopsy specimens has been demonstrated. Molecular epidemiological studies on the prevalence of the C/C-13910 genotype associated with low lactase activity are in agreement with the prevalence figures for adult type hypolactasia in>70 diverse ethnic groups studied. Recent functional studies have suggested that this variant has an enhancer effect over the lactase gene. Based on the biochemical, functional, genetic and molecular epidemiological studies of the C/T-13910 variant, genetic testing for adult type hypolactasia has been introduced into clinical practice in Finland. Identification of the genetic change has highlighted the role of non-coding variants in the regulation of common genes and created new tools to study the mechanism of lactase enzyme activation.
Quadratic Gaussian gossiping (2009)

This paper presents an information theoretic source coding formulation of distributed averaging. We assume a network with m nodes each observing an i.i.d. Gaussian source; the nodes communicate and perform local processing with the goal of computing the average of the sources to within a prescribed mean squared error distortion. A general cutset lower bound on the network rate distortion function is established and shown to be achievable to within a factor of 2 via a centralized protocol in the star network. A lower bound on the network rate distortion function for distributed weighted-sum protocols that is larger than the cutset bound by a factor of log m is established. We also establish an upper bound on the expected network rate distortion function for gossip-based weighted-sum protocols that is only a factor of log log m larger than this lower bound. The results suggest that using distributed protocols results in a factor of log m increase in communication relative to centralized protocols.
Magnitude‐intrinsic water–fat ambiguity can be resolved with multipeak fat modeling and a multipoint search method (2019)

MAGO resolves the water-fat ambiguity over the entire fat fraction dynamic range without compromising accuracy, therefore enabling robust PDFF estimation where phase data is inaccessible or unreliable and complex-based and hybrid methods fail.
Late DES thrombosis: A lot of smoke, very little fire? (2007)

Recent studies and editorials have stirred controversy and generated tremendous publicity in the lay press related to the safety of drug-eluting stents (DES) for the treatment of coronary artery disease. Questions have been raised regarding the risks of late, or very late stent thrombosis with DES. The purpose of this editorial and review of stent thrombosis is to illuminate some counterpoints to some of the attention surrounding the issues of late DES thrombosis. The risks of DES stent thrombosis versus BMS may have been overstated by flawed studies. Late stent thrombosis does occur with both BMS and DES, and may or may not be modestly higher with DES. The time course of very late "DES thrombosis," suggests that persistent plaque ruptures and disease progression in the target vessel may cause some, or many of these events. There is still much to be learned about the biology of DES. Although there is a small risk of late thrombosis with DES, there is little question that this technology provides benefit to the vast majority of patients compared with prior revascularization strategies, using balloon angioplasty, BMS, or bypass surgery. Substantial resources should be devoted to creating more biocompatible DES systems, and to minimizing the risks of both early and late stent thrombosis.
In Vitro Selection of Conformational Probes for Riboswitches (2009)

Riboswitches are non-coding RNA elements mainly located in the 5' untranslated regions (UTR) of bacterial genes. They bind to small metabolites and upon binding conformational changes occur that trigger the expression of a certain gene. Riboswitches have been identified that bind to amino acids, purines, and other small metabolites such as thiamine pyrophosphate. Riboswitches contain an aptamer domain which is necessary for interaction with the metabolite and a related expression domain which harbours structural and sequence information required for interference with gene expression. The binding of a metabolite to the aptamer domain induces structural rearrangements that are relayed to the expression domain, thereby interfering with gene expression. To investigate and determine domains of the riboswitches which undergo conformational changes upon metabolite binding we used a dynamic SELEX process and identified RNA aptamers that bind to the metabolite-free variant of the riboswitch but are released upon metabolite addition. By this means, and after determination of the binding region, domains which are necessary for proper function of a full-length riboswitch can be identified.
Guest Editorial Joint Special Section on Power Conversion & Control in Photovoltaic Power Plants (2019)

The papers in this special section focus on power conversion and control in photovoltaic power plants. The power grid is undergoing significant changes with the rapid adoption of renewable energy. Solar power generation, and photovoltaics (PV) in particular, has been one of the fastest growing sectors in the power industry and has now reached price parity with conventional generation in many jurisdictions. Despite recent trends in reduced costs, several technical challenges remain. This includes but is not limited to the following research needs: i) novel converter designs for medium-voltage energy conversion and enhanced efficiency, ii) grid-support functions and fault-detection schemes that ensure reliable system operation, iii) comprehensive modeling strategies for analyzing system stability, iv) modeling techniques which capture complex system interactions, and v) strategies for system planning, siting, and operations.
Molecularly defined adult-type hypolactasia in school-aged children with a previous history of cow’s milk allergy (2006)

Analysis of the C/T(-13910) polymorphism is an easy and reliable method for excluding adult-type hypolactasia in children with milk-related symptoms. Genotyping for this variant can be used to advise diets for children with a previous history of cow's milk allergy.
Current results on the use of imatinib mesylate in patients with relapsed philadelphia chromosome positive leukemia after allogeneic or syngeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (2003)

Here, we describe a patient diagnosed with chronic myelogenous leukemia who relapsed after matched unrelated donor SCT. The patient was treated with imatinib mesylate and donor lymphocyte infusions, and achieved a complete molecular remission. Additionally, safety and efficacy of imatinib mesylate in a total of 134 patients from 8 centers who underwent allogeneic or syngeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) and had a relapse of Philadelphia chromosome positive leukemia was reviewed. Data was compiled from abstracts accepted as oral or poster presentations at the ASH (American Society of Hematology) 2001 and EBMT (European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation) 2001 & 2002 meetings and additionally literature published on this patient group. Efficacy of imatinib therapy was assessed by morphology, cytogenetic analysis, and determination of donor chimerism. In the evaluable population, hematologic and cytogenetic responses were observed in 66% and 60% of the patients, respectively. Fifty-one of 114 (45%) patients achieved a complete cytogenetic response. No response or progress of disease was noted in 22 out of evaluable 91 patients. The observation period was limited to a maximum of 28 months. A significant improvement in donor chimerism was frequently observed. Only five cases of significant GVHD were reported. Preliminary results show that imatinib mesylate has the potential to positively influence the ratio of donor and recipient cells without inducing a high incidence of severe GVHD. The data suggest that earlier start of imatinib mesylate prior to hematologic relapse in minimum residual disease (MRD) positive patients is a promising treatment concept.
Variable Time-Fraction Collaborative Communications (2009)

In order to improve the performance of the wireless channel, collaborative communications has recently been proposed. In such a scenario, a source wishing to transmit a signal to a destination can be aided by an otherwise idle transmitter (labeled a relay). Due to the half duplex constraint, the relay node cannot transmit and receive at the same time. It has been shown that having a variable amount of time for which the relay will receive data, can provide further gains in collaborative communications. In this thesis we develop and study methods to implement the use of a variable time-fraction in collaborative communications. We study our proposed method under different channel state information scenarios. We design channel codes that allow for a relay to collaborate with a finite set of time-fractions. Through analysis, we provide design criteria that allow variable time-fraction collaborative codes to optimize their error rate performance. Our variable time-fraction collaborative codes are shown to approach the outage probability of collaborative channels. Furthermore, through the use of an upper bound on the error rate, we show the robustness of variable time-fraction collaboration over all relay locations when compared to traditional fixed time-fraction collaboration. Next we study the effect of imperfect channel state information at the receivers. It is shown that the effect of estimation errors is twofold in collaborative communications. Firstly the relay will have diminished collaborative capabilities and secondly, the destination suffers performance degradation. Assuming full and perfect channel state information at the transmitters, we design and study the use of power allocation algorithms ( PAA ). Our proposed optimal PAA ( OPAA ) optimizes the error rate performance of variable time-fraction collaborative communications. We also provide a more robust suboptimal PAA ( SPAA ) whose results suffer slight degradation compared to the OPAA . Lastly, we study the effect of imperfect channel state information at both the transmitters and the receivers. Our analysis shows the independence of the optimal number of pilot symbols to the location of the relay.