gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Motion and laxity of the capitellocondylar total elbow prosthesis. (1994)

The motion and laxity of the capitellocondylar unconstrained total elbow prosthesis were assessed, with use of an electromagnetic tracking device and stimulated muscle-loading, after implantation in seventeen cadaveric elbows. The axis of motion of the elbows with the capitellocondylar implants averaged 2.1 +/- 2.3 degrees more varus angulation than that of the intact elbows. This difference may be attributed to the design of the implant, as the 5-degree-valgus humeral component used in this study has a smaller valgus inclination than the articular surface of the distal aspect of the humerus. Although the maximum valgus-varus laxity of the capitellocondylar elbow prostheses was, on the average, 4.3 +/- 2.4 degrees greater than normal (with simulated muscle-loading), the data must be interpreted in light of the fact that this in vitro study did not allow for soft-tissue healing. The prosthetic components tracked well, and there were no dislocations or malarticulations provided that appropriate soft-tissue tensioning and positioning of the components had been achieved at the time of implantation. Sectioning of either the medial or the lateral collateral ligament resulted in gross instability of the joint after capitellocondylar arthroplasty. The ulnar attachment of the medial collateral ligament was found to be vulnerable to injury during the positioning of the ulnar component of this implant.
A New Technique for the Rapid Analysis of Soil for the Presence of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (1982)

Abstract A new technique for rapidly screening for the presence of PCBs in soil has been developed and tested in a field monitoring situation. The technique employs an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometer system mounted in a van to provide on-site mass spectrometric identification and quantitation of the compounds. A small soil sample is heated in a flowing stream of pure nitrogen, and the vaporized material is trapped on an adsorber which is thermally desorbed into the ion source of the mass spectrometer. A detection limit of approximately 1 /ig/g of Aroclor 1254 has been achieved, with a total analysis time per sample of approximately 5 minutes. The process makes possible the direct analysis of soil samples without any chemical workup or preseparation.
Workflow provenance in the lifecycle of scientific machine learning (2021)

Abstract Machine learning (ML) has already fundamentally changed several businesses. More recently, it has also been profoundly impacting the computational science and engineering domains, like geoscience, climate science, and health science. In these domains, users need to perform comprehensive data analyses combining scientific data and ML models to provide for critical requirements, such as reproducibility, model explainability, and experiment data understanding. However, scientific ML is multidisciplinary, heterogeneous, and affected by the physical constraints of the domain, making such analyses even more challenging. In this work, we leverage workflow provenance techniques to build a holistic view to support the lifecycle of scientific ML. We contribute with (i) characterization of the lifecycle and taxonomy for data analyses; (ii) design decisions to build this view, with a W3C PROV compliant data representation and a reference system architecture; and (iii) lessons learned after an evaluation in an Oil &amp; Gas case using an HPC cluster with 393 nodes and 946 GPUs. The experiments show that the decisions enable queries that integrate domain semantics with ML models while keeping low overhead (&lt;1%), high scalability, and an order of magnitude of query acceleration under certain workloads against without our representation.
Robust, atlas-free, automatic segmentation of brain MRI in health and disease (2019)

C-DEF outperformed other segmentation algorithms in the various neurological diseases explored herein, especially in lesion segmentation. While the results reported are from routine images acquired at the NIH, the algorithm can be easily trained and optimized for any set of contrasts and protocols for wider application. We are currently exploring various technical aspects of optimal implementation of CDEF in a clinical setting and evaluating a larger cohort of patients with other neurological diseases. Improving the accuracy of brain segmentation methodology will help better understand the relationship of imaging abnormalities to clinical and neuropsychological markers in disease.
Design and Development of a Novel Self-Igniting Microwave Plasma Jet for Industrial Applications (2019)

This paper presents the design, development and experimental results of a novel, self-igniting compact and straightforward microwave plasma jet for industrial applications. Based on field simulations and supported by plasma RF equivalent circuits derived from measurements of the plasma during operation, a multi-staged matching network is developed to achieve the well matched microwave plasma jet presented. The 2.45 GHz microwave plasma torch with a waveguide input port operates is an atmospheric plasma with 2 kW and is well suited for various industrial applications by using air only. The energy conversion from the waveguide port to the plasma torch is approximately 90%. This not only enhances present plasma applications in e.g. surface treatment by offering higher power capabilities, activation rates and production speed, but also enables new applications such as cutting, rapid heating, and welding.
Farnesylated RhoB Prevents Cell Cycle Arrest and Actin Cytoskeleton Disruption Caused by the Geranylgeranyltransferase I Inhibitor GGTI-298 (2002)

Here we demonstrate that the geranylgeranyltransferase-I inhibitor GGTI-298 inhibits the RhoB pathway and disrupts stress fiber and focal adhesion formation in NIH-3T3 cells. Farnesylated (V14)RhoB-CAIM (resistant to GGTI-298), but not geranylgeranylated (V14)RhoB (-CLLL), prevented inhibition of actin stress fiber and focal adhesion formation, underlining the critical role of RhoB. In contrast, farnesylated, (V14)RhoA (-CVLS) was unable to prevent effects of GGTI 298 on cytoskeleton organization. Furthermore, the ability of GGTI-298 to induce p21(WAF) and to block cells in the G(0)/G(1) phase of the cell cycle was also prevented by farnesylated (V14)RhoB but not by farnesylated (V14)RhoA. Moreover, treatment with GGTI-298 of cells expressing farnesylated RhoB results in accumulation of these cells in the G(2)/M phase. Therefore, the RhoB pathway is a critical target of GGTI-298.
Fast and accurate prediction of spurious modes in aluminum nitride MEMS resonators using artificial neural network algorithm (2017)

Spurious modes (SMs) result in in-band ripples and degrade the out-of-band rejection of filters, thus impeding the synthesis of high performance filters with MEMS resonators. Therefore, the ability to predict the presence of SMs in specific resonator geometries is highly desired and different techniques have been explored such as: 1-D/2-D analytic models, and 2-D/3-D finite element methods (FEM). These methods are either limited or time-consuming. ANN addresses all these challenges simultaneously by capturing the mapping between resonator design parameters and the probability of having spurious modes with connection weight matrix.
TSRFormer (2022)

We present a new table structure recognition (TSR) approach, called TSRFormer, to robustly recognizing the structures of complex tables with geometrical distortions from various table images. Unlike previous methods, we formulate table separation line prediction as a line regression problem instead of an image segmentation problem and propose a new two-stage DETR based separator prediction approach, dubbed Sep arator RE gression TR ansformer (SepRETR), to predict separation lines from table images directly. To make the two-stage DETR framework work efficiently and effectively for the separation line prediction task, we propose two improvements: 1) A prior-enhanced matching strategy to solve the slow convergence issue of DETR; 2) A new cross attention module to sample features from a high-resolution convolutional feature map directly so that high localization accuracy is achieved with low computational cost. After separation line prediction, a simple relation network based cell merging module is used to recover spanning cells. With these new techniques, our TSRFormer achieves state-of-the-art performance on several benchmark datasets, including SciTSR, PubTabNet and WTW. Furthermore, we have validated the robustness of our approach to tables with complex structures, borderless cells, large blank spaces, empty or spanning cells as well as distorted or even curved shapes on a more challenging real-world in-house dataset.
A recursive technique for computing lower-bound performance of schedules (1996)

We present a fast recursive technique for estimating lower-bound performance of data path schedules. The method relies on the determination of an ASAPUC a(s Soon As Possible Under Constraint) time-step value for each node of the DFG (Data-Flow Graph) that is based on the ASAPUC values of its predecessor nodes. That is, the lower-bound estimation is applied to each subgraph permitting the derivation of a tight lower bound on the performance of the complete DFG. Applying the greedy lower-bound estimator of Rim and Jain [1994] to each subgraph improves the complete lower bound in more than 50% of the experiments reported in Rim and Jain [1994], and the CPU time is only about twice as long. The recursive methodology can be extended to exploit other lower-bound techniques, for example, considering other constraints such as the number of busses or registers.
Membranes: Learning a lesson from nature (1995)

Membranes occupy a special place in the separations` spectrum. They combine thermodynamically based partitioning and kinetically based mobility discrimination in an integrated separation unit. Because two distinct mechanisms contribute to selectivity, properly balancing their relative roles can produce devices for solving an unparalleled, wide range of complex problems. This dual character also defines membranes` strengths and weaknesses. To give a sense of the current role and future prospects of this interesting separation technique, this article describes industrially significant membrane processes and discusses the relative importance of partitioning and mobility discrimination for each process type. Viewing membrane processes from this perspective helps to understand their potential capabilities and limitations within a general framework.
Self-association and mapping of interaction domains of helper component-proteinase of potato A potyvirus. (1999)

Potyviral helper component-proteinase (HC-Pro) is a multifunctional protein involved in aphid transmission, long-distance movement, polyprotein processing, genome amplification and symptom expression. It has been proposed that the active form of HC-Pro is a dimer and that coat protein (CP)-HC-Pro interaction is required for aphid transmission. To test these proposed interactions between CP and HC-Pro of potato A potyvirus (PVA), the yeast two-hybrid system was used. HC-Pro was shown to interact with itself in vivo in yeast cells, as did CP. Taken together with previous observations, we conclude that the functional HC-Pro is a homodimer. Deletion analysis showed that a 24 aa domain in the N-terminal half and the C-terminal proteinase part of HC-Pro were required for the interaction between HC-Pro molecules. No interactions were found between HC-Pro and CP using the genes of aphid-transmissible as well as aphid non-transmissible strains of PVA.
Deep Policy Iteration with Integer Programming for Inventory Management (2021)

We present a Reinforcement Learning (RL) based framework for optimizing long-term discounted reward problems with large combinatorial action space and state dependent constraints. These characteristics are common to many operations management problems, e.g., network inventory replenishment, where managers have to deal with uncertain demand, lost sales, and capacity constraints that results in more complex feasible action spaces. Our proposed Programmable Actor Reinforcement Learning (PARL) uses a deep-policy iteration method that leverages neural networks (NNs) to approximate the value function and combines it with mathematical programming (MP) and sample average approximation (SAA) to solve the per-step-action optimally while accounting for combinatorial action spaces and state-dependent constraint sets. We show how the proposed methodology can be applied to complex inventory replenishment problems where analytical solutions are intractable. We also benchmark the proposed algorithm against state-of-the-art RL algorithms and commonly used replenishment heuristics and find it considerably outperforms existing methods by as much as 14.7% on average in various complex supply chain settings. We find that this improvement of PARL over benchmark algorithms can be directly attributed to better inventory cost management, especially in inventory constrained settings. Furthermore, in the simpler setting where optimal replenishment policy is tractable or known near optimal heuristics exist, we find that the RL approaches can learn near optimal policies. Finally, to make RL algorithms more accessible for inventory management researchers, we also discuss the development of a modular Python library that can be used to test the performance of RL algorithms with various supply chain structures and spur future research in developing practical and near-optimal algorithms for inventory management problems.
Effect of bone cement viscosity and set time on mantle area in total knee arthroplasty. (2009)

To assess the impact of bone cement viscosity on total knee arthroplasty, we compared 1 high-viscosity and 2 medium-viscosity cements with respect to mantle area and zone-specific intrusion depths into the tibial plateau. We analyzed postoperative radiographs to determine penetration area and depth in 72 consecutive patients (79 knees) in whom DePuy II (n = 11), Endurance (n = 34), or Simplex-P (n = 34) cement was used. Penetration into the tibial plateau (anteroposterior zones 1-4) was significantly reduced with use of the high-viscosity DePuy II cement but did not differ significantly between the 2 medium-viscosity cements, Endurance and Simplex-P. Surgical and tourniquet times were significantly decreased with the quicker setting DePuy II cement. Given these findings, additional studies are warranted to assess the long-term impact of the lower intrusion depths found with DePuy II cement. Such differences in cement penetration could jeopardize long-term fixation and lead to higher long-term device failure rates.
CD73 immune checkpoint defines regulatory NK cells within the tumor microenvironment (2019)

High levels of ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73) have been implicated in immune suppression and tumor progression, and have also been observed in cancer patients who progress on anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Although regulatory T cells can express CD73 and inhibit T cell responses via the production of adenosine, less is known about CD73 expression in other immune cell populations. We found that tumor-infiltrating NK cells upregulate CD73 expression and the frequency of these CD73-positive NK cells correlated with larger tumor size in breast cancer patients. In addition, the expression of multiple alternative immune checkpoint receptors including LAG-3, VISTA, PD-1, and PD-L1 was significantly higher in CD73-positive NK cells than in CD73-negative NK cells. Mechanistically, NK cells transport CD73 in intracellular vesicles to the cell surface and the extracellular space via actin polymerization-dependent exocytosis upon engagement of 4-1BBL on tumor cells. These CD73-positive NK cells undergo transcriptional reprogramming and upregulate IL-10 production via STAT3 transcriptional activity, suppressing CD4-positive T cell proliferation and IFN-γ production. Taken together, our results support the notion that tumors can hijack NK cells as a means to escape immunity and that CD73 expression defines an inducible population of NK cells with immunoregulatory properties within the tumor microenvironment.
Fat Graft Survival (2013)

Massachusetts General Hospital Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Boston, MA [email protected] Conflicts of interest and sources of funding: none declared. Reprints: John C. Kirkham, MD, Massachusetts General Hospital, WAC-435, 15 Parkman St, Boston, MA 02114-3117. E-mail: [email protected].
Coded MC signals (2007)

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Advanced drug delivery systems for antithrombotic agents (2013)

Despite continued achievements in antithrombotic pharmacotherapy, difficulties remain in managing patients at high risk for both thrombosis and hemorrhage. Utility of antithrombotic agents (ATAs) in these settings is restricted by inadequate pharmacokinetics and narrow therapeutic indices. Use of advanced drug delivery systems (ADDSs) may help to circumvent these problems. Various nanocarriers, affinity ligands, and polymer coatings provide ADDSs that have the potential to help optimize ATA pharmacokinetics, target drug delivery to sites of thrombosis, and sense pathologic changes in the vascular microenvironment, such as altered hemodynamic forces, expression of inflammatory markers, and structural differences between mature hemostatic and growing pathological clots. Delivery of ATAs using biomimetic synthetic carriers, host blood cells, and recombinant fusion proteins that are activated preferentially at sites of thrombus development has shown promising outcomes in preclinical models. Further development and translation of ADDSs that spare hemostatic fibrin clots hold promise for extending the utility of ATAs in the management of acute thrombotic disorders through rapid, transient, and targeted thromboprophylaxis. If the potential benefit of this technology is to be realized, a systematic and concerted effort is required to develop clinical trials and translate the use of ADDSs to the clinical arena.
Importance and Difficulties of Pursuing rTMS Research in Acute Stroke (2017)

Although much research has been done on repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in chronic stroke, only sparse research has been done in acute stroke despite the particularly rich potential for neuroplasticity in this stage. We attempted a preliminary clinical trial in one active, high-quality inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) in the -United States. But after enrolling only 4 patients in the grant period, the study was stopped because of low enrollment. The purpose of this paper is to offer a perspective describing the important physiologic rationale for including rTMS in the early phase of stroke, the reasons for our poor patient enrollment in our attempted study, and recommendations to help future studies succeed. We conclude that, if scientists and clinicians hope to enhance stroke outcomes, more attention must be directed to leveraging conventional rehabilitation with neuromodulation in the acute phase of stroke when the capacity for neuroplasticity is optimal. Difficulties with patient enrollment must be addressed by reassessing traditional inclusion and exclusion criteria. Factors that shorten patients' length of stay in the IRF must also be reassessed at all policy-making levels to make ethical decisions that promote higher functional outcomes while retaining cost consciousness.
TIMED GPS Navigation System (GNS): Design, implementation, and performance assessment (2003)

requirements by providing position, velocity, time, Earth-to-Sun vector, and defi ned orbital event notifi cations to onboard instruments, spacecraft control computers, and the Mission Operations Center. The GNS data products enable the mission’s event-based commanding concept of operations. The system generates tables of both position-based event predictions and orbital element sets for each predicted ground station contact for up to 60 h in advance. The GNS is a Standard Positioning Service receiver system with access to the GPS civilian ranging coarse/acquisition code. It was designed to be a state-of-the-art spaceborne system optimized for autonomous on-orbit operations. The GNS on-orbit test program encompassed the typical “launch � 30 days ” checkout period as well as periodic in-fl ight test sequences where the two GNS processors aboard TIMED are operated and compared against ground-based tracking systems. To date, both are functioning fl awlessly and navigation products have surpassed mission accuracy requirements.
Distinct patterns of transmembrane calcium flux and intracellular calcium mobilization after differentiation antigen cluster 2 (E rosette receptor) or 3 (T3) stimulation of human lymphocytes. (1986)

We evaluated CD2 (E rosette) and CD3 (T3)-triggered activation of resting lymphocytes by measuring the intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) of individual cells. The [Ca2+]i of indo-1-loaded cells was measured by flow cytometry and responses were correlated with cell surface phenotype. Stimulation with anti-CD3 antibody caused an increase in [Ca2+]i in greater than 90% of CD3+ cells within 1 min, and furthermore, the response was restricted to cells bearing the CD3 marker. In contrast, stimulation of cells with anti-CD2 antibodies produced a biphasic response pattern with an early component in CD3- cells and a late component in CD3+ cells. Thus, the CD2 response does not require cell surface expression of CD3. In addition, stimulation of a single CD2 epitope was sufficient for activation of CD3- cells, whereas stimulation of two CD2 epitopes was required for activation of CD3+ cells. Both the CD2 and CD3 responses were diminished in magnitude and duration by EGTA. However, approximately 50% of T cells still had a brief response in the presence of EGTA, indicating that the increased [Ca2+]i results in part from intracellular calcium mobilization, and furthermore demonstrates that extracellular calcium is required for a full and sustained response. Our results support the concept that CD2 represents the trigger for a distinct pathway of activation both for T cells that express the CD3 molecular complex and for large granular lymphocytes that do not.
Implementation of a telemetric-monitoring system in a cochlear implant (2002)

Presents a telemetric-monitoring system which is incorporated in a cochlear implant. This system allows (1) the measurement of voltages at active channels determining the electrode impedances, (2) the measurement of voltages at passive channels for the estimation of the field distribution along the electrode array, and (3) the measurement of the implant supply voltage within a voltage range of 0.1 V<U/sub m/<5.5 V, the resolution is 6 bit. The measurement information is transcutaneously sent to the outside by means of load modulation. The same RF-channel which provides the implant with for external transmission, the value of the measured stimulation data and power can be employed in the implementation of the system, thus eliminating the need for an additional RF-channel.<<ETX>>
Digitally tunable bandpass filter for cognitive radio applications (2012)

A lumped-element tunable pre-selection bandpass is presented that consists of three coupled resonators. The bandpass employs a digitally tunable capacitor (DTC) and allows for tuning of the centre frequency with a resolution of 5 bit. It covers the frequency range from 450MHz to 940 MHz, including the DVB-T band, the TV white space (TVWS) band, and the LTE-800 frequency band. The insertion-loss variation amounts to 0.3 dB. The filter measures 20mm by 20 mm, it can therefore be easily integrated into analog RF front-ends. The filter's application to cognitive-radio platforms is discussed.