gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Verticalización y precarización del habitar. El caso de la comuna La Florida, Santiago de Chile. (2022)

La verticalización es un proceso característico de las áreas metropolitanas. Este trabajo comprende y analiza las causas y cambios experimentados en tal proceso en la Comuna de La Florida, municipio localizado en la periferia de Santiago de Chile. A partir del procesamiento y estudio de los permisos de edificación entre los años 2005 y 2018, discusión y análisis crítico del Plan Regulador Comunal, una revisión del rol institucional del Municipio con sus diferentes directrices urbanas, el papel jugado por la infraestructura vial y transporte, complementado con una discusión general del marco normativo. Se evidencia un aumento espectacular del proceso de verticalización, que ha ido de la mano con una débil normativa y sostenido todo lo anterior con el desarrollo de infraestructura emanada desde el Estado que ha sido capitalizada por el sector inmobiliario para un lucro urbano, propiciando así un desarrollo inmobiliario en altura descontrolado que pone en jaque la sustentabilidad de la comuna y por tanto parte del Área Metropolitana de Santiago.
Multilayer four-flux matrix model accounting for directional-diffuse light transfers (2015)

The four-flux model is a method to solve light radiative-transfer problems in planar, possibly multilayer structures. The light fluxes are modeled as two collimated and two diffuse beams propagating forward and backward perpendicularly to the layer stack. In the present contribution, we develop a four-flux model relying on a matrix formalism to determine the reflectance and transmittance factors of stacks of components by knowing those of each individual component. This model is also extended to generate the bidirectional scattering distribution function of the stack by considering an incoming collimated flux in any direction and by taking into account the directionality of the diffuse fluxes exiting from the material at the border components of the stack. The model is applied to opaque Lambertian backgrounds with flat or rough interfaces for which analytical expressions of the BSDF are obtained. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America
ECIR 2013 (2013)

review-article Share on ECIR 2013: 35th european conference on information retrieval Authors: Pavel Serdyukov Yandex YandexView Profile , Pavel Braslavski Ural Federal University & Kontur Labs Ural Federal University & Kontur LabsView Profile , Jaap Kamps University of Amsterdam University of AmsterdamView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGIR ForumVolume 47Issue 2December 2013 pp 41–57https://doi.org/10.1145/2568388.2568395Published:21 January 2013Publication History 1citation78DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations1Total Downloads78Last 12 Months1Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Targeted Delivery and Sustained Antitumor Activity of Triptolide through Glucose Conjugation (2016)

Abstract Triptolide, a key ingredient from the traditional Chinese medicinal plant thunder god vine, which has been used to treat inflammation and autoimmune diseases for centuries, has been shown to be an irreversible inhibitor of the XPB subunit of the transcription factor TFIIH and initiation of RNA polymerase II mediated transcription. The clinical development of triptolide over the past two decades has been limited by its toxicity and low water solubility. Herein, we report the development of a glucose conjugate of triptolide, named glutriptolide, which was intended to target tumor cells overexpressing glucose transporters selectively. Glutriptolide did not inhibit XPB activity in vitro but demonstrated significantly higher cytotoxicity against tumor cells over normal cells with greater water solubility than triptolide. Furthermore, it exhibited remarkable tumor control in vivo, which is likely due to sustained stepwise release of active triptolide within cancer cells. These findings indicate that glutriptolide may serve as a promising lead for developing a new mechanistic class of anticancer drugs.
Dual-process brain mitochondria isolation preserves function and clarifies protein composition (2021)

The brain requires continuously high energy production to maintain ion gradients and normal function. Mitochondria critically undergird brain energetics, and mitochondrial abnormalities feature prominently in neuropsychiatric disease. However, many unique aspects of brain mitochondria composition and function are poorly understood. Developing improved neuroprotective therapeutics thus requires more comprehensively understanding brain mitochondria, including accurately delineating protein composition and channel-transporter functional networks. However, obtaining pure mitochondria from the brain is especially challenging due to its distinctive lipid and cell structure properties. As a result, conflicting reports on protein localization to brain mitochondria abound. Here we illustrate this problem with the neuropsychiatric disease-associated L-type calcium channel Ca<sub>v</sub>1.2α1 subunit previously observed in crude mitochondria. We applied a dual-process approach to obtain functionally intact versus compositionally pure brain mitochondria. One branch utilizes discontinuous density gradient centrifugation to isolate semipure mitochondria suitable for functional assays but unsuitable for protein localization because of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contamination. The other branch utilizes self-forming density gradient ultracentrifugation to remove ER and yield ultrapure mitochondria that are suitable for investigating protein localization but functionally compromised. Through this process, we evaluated brain mitochondria protein content and observed the absence of Ca<sub>v</sub>1.2α1 and other previously reported mitochondrial proteins, including the NMDA receptor, ryanodine receptor 1, monocarboxylate transporter 1, excitatory amino acid transporter 1, and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Conversely, we confirmed mitochondrial localization of several plasma membrane proteins previously reported to also localize to mitochondria. We expect this dual-process isolation procedure will enhance understanding of brain mitochondria in both health and disease.
Proton Beam Irradiation and Hyperthermia (1985)

Ultrasonically induced hyperthermia (4.75 MHz) and proton irradiation (160 meV) were evaluated alone and combined to treat experimental choroidal melanoma in 58 rabbit eyes. Threshold tumoricidal doses were established for each modality. Therapy was performed combining subthreshold doses of heat and radiation. Focused ultrasonic energy via an external beam was found to deliver well-localized heat to an intraocular tumor. Ectopic temperature elevations due to soft-tissue-bone interfaces were alleviated by modifying beam alignment. The results indicate that hyperthermia (43 degrees C for one hour) potentiated the tumoricidal effects of radiation, while sparing normal ocular structures. Therefore, we believe that experimental hyperthermia is suitable as an adjuvant treatment modality. This shows that ultrasound hyperthermia has the potential to increase the efficacy of proton irradiation by lowering radiation doses and thus decreasing posttreatment ocular morbidity in human intraocular malignancies.
Smartphone‐based portable wireless optical system for the detection of target analytes (2016)

Rapid and accurate on-site wireless measurement of hazardous molecules or biomarkers is one of the biggest challenges in nanobiotechnology. A novel smartphone-based Portable and Wireless Optical System (PAWS) for rapid, quantitative, and on-site analysis of target analytes is described. As a proof-of-concept, we employed gold nanoparticles (GNP) and an enzyme, horse radish peroxidase (HRP), to generate colorimetric signals in response to two model target molecules, melamine and hydrogen peroxide, respectively. The colorimetric signal produced by the presence of the target molecules is converted to an electrical signal by the inbuilt electronic circuit of the device. The converted electrical signal is then measured wirelessly via multimeter in the smartphone which processes the data and displays the results, including the concentration of analytes and its significance. This handheld device has great potential as a programmable and miniaturized platform to achieve rapid and on-site detection of various analytes in a point-of-care testing (POCT) manner.
Discovery of Novel Gene Elements Associated with Prostate Cancer Progression (2012)

Abstract : Long non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have gained recent attention as potentially important players in cancer biology. This proposal employs innovative next generation sequencing and ab initio transcriptome assembly methodologies to discover novel ncRNAs and incorporate them into expression signatures that stratify indolent versus aggressive prostate cancer. In this reporting period, we describe the identification and characterization of a prostate cancer-specific ncRNA named PCAT-1. Here, we demonstrated that PCAT-1 is a regulator of cell proliferation and is a target of the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2). We further found that patterns of PCAT-1 and PRC2 expression stratified patient tissues into molecular subtypes distinguished by expression signatures of PCAT-1-repressed target genes. PCAT-1 may potentially serve as a novel biomarker of aggressive disease that can be developed for clinical diagnostic and prognostic utility.
The NS1 protein of influenza A virus suppresses interferon-regulated activation of antigen-presentation and immune-proteasome pathways (2011)

Microbiology Society journals contain high-quality research papers and topical review articles. We are a not-for-profit publisher and we support and invest in the microbiology community, to the benefit of everyone. This supports our principal goal to develop, expand and strengthen the networks available to our members so that they can generate new knowledge about microbes and ensure that it is shared with other communities.
Continuous production of Neisseria meningitidis outer membrane vesicles (2019)

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nanoparticles secreted by Gram-negative bacteria that can be used for diverse biotechnological applications. Interesting applications have been developed, where OMVs are the basis of drug delivery, enzyme carriers, adjuvants, and vaccines. Historically, OMV research has mainly focused on vaccines. Therefore, current OMV production processes have been based on batch processes. The production of OMVs in batch mode is characterized by relatively low yields and high costs. Transition of OMV production processes from batch to continuous processes could increase the volumetric productivity, reduce the production and capital costs, and result in a higher quality product. Here, we study the continuous production of Neisseria meningitidis OMVs to improve volumetric productivity. Continuous cultivation of N. meningitidis resulted in a steady state with similar high OMV concentrations as are reached in current batch processes. The steady state was reproducible and could be maintained for at least 600 h. The volumetric productivity of a continuous culture reached 4.0 × 10<sup>14</sup> OMVs per liter culture per day, based on a dilution rate of 1/day. The tested characteristics of the OMVs did not change during the experiments showing feasibility of a continuous production process for the production of OMVs for any application.
What Object Motion Reveals about Shape with Unknown BRDF and Lighting (2013)

We present a theory that addresses the problem of determining shape from the (small or differential) motion of an object with unknown isotropic reflectance, under arbitrary unknown distant illumination, for both orthographic and perpsective projection. Our theory imposes fundamental limits on the hardness of surface reconstruction, independent of the method involved. Under orthographic projection, we prove that three differential motions suffice to yield an invariant that relates shape to image derivatives, regardless of BRDF and illumination. Under perspective projection, we show that four differential motions suffice to yield depth and a linear constraint on the surface gradient, with unknown BRDF and lighting. Further, we delineate the topological classes up to which reconstruction may be achieved using the invariants. Finally, we derive a general stratification that relates hardness of shape recovery to scene complexity. Qualitatively, our invariants are homogeneous partial differential equations for simple lighting and inhomogeneous for complex illumination. Quantitatively, our framework shows that the minimal number of motions required to resolve shape is greater for more complex scenes. Prior works that assume brightness constancy, Lambertian BRDF or a known directional light source follow as special cases of our stratification. We illustrate with synthetic and real data how potential reconstruction methods may exploit our framework.
Quantification of projective distortion for fiducial markers (2013)

The aim of this study is to quantify the projective distortion of candidate quadrilaterals found in a square-framed fiducial marker detection algorithm. Based on the quantified value, candidates can be eliminated in such a way that only the quadrilaterals that may be a projective transformation of a square remain. In the first part of the study, it is shown that under a projective transform, the line at infinity of a plane corresponds to a line that is not at infinity. Two methods to find the equation of the corresponding line are proposed. The first method uses the homography matrix that represents a particular projective transformation. The correspondant of the line at infinity can be found using this homography matrix. The second method is a direct algorithm that utilizes the parallelism of the opposing edges of the square frame. At the last section, the obtained line is used to quantify the projective distortion and an elimination is performed on this basis.
Situating AI (and Big Data) in the Learning Sciences: Moving toward Large-Scale Learning Sciences (2022)

Interdisciplinary research in the learning sciences incorporates diverse constructs, measures, and processes with the goal of advancing theories of learning and to inform the design and implementation of effective instructional methods and learning technologies. The complexity of these goals is further influenced by a large array of factors stemming from the learning context, learning task, and the characteristics of the individual learners. Yet, traditional approaches to research may not explain these factors such that we can truly understand learning in context. We argue that artificial intelligence (AI) and big data can be leveraged to implement large-scale testing of interventions with diverse learners in multiple contexts (i.e., Large-Scale Learning Sciences). AI and machine learning have altered the landscape of instruction as it has shifted from solely classroom-based to a variety of approaches that range from some technological enhancement (e.g., hybrid) to completely online (e.g., synchronous, self-paced asynchronous). We discuss how AI (and big data) can be used to advance the learning sciences in five areas: Deep student models, causal learning outcome models, natural language processing (NLP), sensor-free student factor measures, and instructional policy learning. All of these areas have the potential to examine what works best for whom and in what conditions. In turn, by combining AI and the learning sciences, scientists may begin to address the inequalities and inequities present in educational research with access to a diverse array of students, contexts, and interventions. Merging these domains and the knowledge and techniques therein is crucial to understanding learning and improving learning outcomes for all learners.
Genotype-Phenotype Correlation in the Long-QT Syndrome (2001)

Life-threatening arrhythmias in LQTS patients tend to occur under specific circumstances in a gene-specific manner. These data allow new insights into the mechanisms that relate the electrophysiological consequences of mutations on specific genes to clinical manifestations and offer the possibility of complementing traditional therapy with gene-specific approaches.
Intense isolated attosecond pulse generation from relativistic laser plasmas using few-cycle laser pulses (2015)

We have performed a systematic study through particle-in-cell simulations to investigate the generation of attosecond pulse from relativistic laser plasmas when laser pulse duration approaches the few-cycle regime. A significant enhancement of attosecond pulse energy has been found to depend on laser pulse duration, carrier envelope phase, and plasma scale length. Based on the results obtained in this work, the potential of attaining isolated attosecond pulses with ∼100 μJ energy for photons &amp;gt;16 eV using state-of-the-art laser technology appears to be within reach.
SARS-CoV-2 hijacks folate and one-carbon metabolism for viral replication (2021)

The recently identified Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of the COVID-19 pandemic. How this novel beta-coronavirus virus, and coronaviruses more generally, alter cellular metabolism to support massive production of ~30 kB viral genomes and subgenomic viral RNAs remains largely unknown. To gain insights, transcriptional and metabolomic analyses are performed 8 hours after SARS-CoV-2 infection, an early timepoint where the viral lifecycle is completed but prior to overt effects on host cell growth or survival. Here, we show that SARS-CoV-2 remodels host folate and one-carbon metabolism at the post-transcriptional level to support de novo purine synthesis, bypassing viral shutoff of host translation. Intracellular glucose and folate are depleted in SARS-CoV-2-infected cells, and viral replication is exquisitely sensitive to inhibitors of folate and one-carbon metabolism, notably methotrexate. Host metabolism targeted therapy could add to the armamentarium against future coronavirus outbreaks.
Increased CCR4 expression in active systemic lupus erythematosus (2001)

CC chemokine receptor (CCR)4 is selectively expressed on Th2-type T cells and has been shown to be responsible for Th2-dominant immune responses. In this study, we analyzed the expression of CCR4 in active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients by FACS analysis using anti-human CCR4 monoclonal antibody and determined the clinical relevance in this disease. Higher expression of CCR4 was found on peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocytes of active SLE patients than was found with healthy controls and inactive SLE patients. The CCR4 expression significantly correlated with the SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) scores. The expression was dramatically decreased after the corticosteroid therapy in parallel with a serum level of double-stranded DNA antibody and SLEDAI scores. Moreover, we found that serum levels of IL-10 were increased in active SLE patients and significantly correlated with the CCR4 expression. This study suggests that Th2 immune response is predominant in the active state of SLE, and CCR4 may have relevance in regard to the disease course in SLE patients.
Search for an excited lepton that decays via a contact interaction to a lepton and two jets in proton-proton collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV (2020)

A bstract Results are presented from a search for events containing an excited lepton (electron or muon) produced in association with an ordinary lepton of the same flavor and decaying to a lepton and two hadronic jets. Both the production and the decay of the excited leptons are assumed to occur via a contact interaction with a characteristic energy scale Λ. The branching fraction for the decay mode under study increases with the mass of the excited lepton and is the most sensitive channel for very heavy excited leptons. The analysis uses a sample of proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:msqrt> </mml:math> = 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 77.4 fb − 1 . The four-body invariant mass of the two lepton plus two jet system is used as the primary discriminating variable. No significant excess of events beyond the expectation for standard model processes is observed. Assuming that Λ is equal to the mass of the excited leptons, excited electrons and muons with masses below 5.6 and 5.7 TeV, respectively, are excluded at 95% confidence level. These are the best limits to date.
Coordinated Expression of Tristetraprolin Post-Transcriptionally Attenuates Mitogenic Induction of the Oncogenic Ser/Thr Kinase Pim-1 (2012)

The serine/threonine kinase Pim-1 directs selected signaling events that promote cell growth and survival and is overexpressed in diverse human cancers. Pim-1 expression is tightly controlled through multiple mechanisms, including regulation of mRNA turnover. In several cultured cell models, mitogenic stimulation rapidly induced and stabilized PIM1 mRNA, however, vigorous destabilization 4-6 hours later helped restore basal expression levels. Acceleration of PIM1 mRNA turnover coincided with accumulation of tristetraprolin (TTP), an mRNA-destabilizing protein that targets transcripts containing AU-rich elements. TTP binds PIM1 mRNA in cells, and suppresses its expression by accelerating mRNA decay. Reporter mRNA decay assays localized the TTP-regulated mRNA decay element to a discrete AU-rich sequence in the distal 3'-untranslated region that binds TTP. These data suggest that coordinated stimulation of TTP and PIM1 expression limits the magnitude and duration of PIM1 mRNA accumulation by accelerating its degradation as TTP protein levels increase. Consistent with this model, PIM1 and TTP mRNA levels were well correlated across selected human tissue panels, and PIM1 mRNA was induced to significantly higher levels in mitogen-stimulated fibroblasts from TTP-deficient mice. Together, these data support a model whereby induction of TTP mediates a negative feedback circuit to limit expression of selected mitogen-activated genes.
A gene subject to genomic imprinting and responsible for hereditary paragangliomas maps to chromosome 11q23-qter (1992)

Paragangliomas of the head and neck are slow growing tumors which rarely show malignant progression. Familial transmission has been described consistent with an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. Clinical manifestations of hereditary paragangliomas are determined by the sex of the transmitting parent. All affected individuals have inherited the disease gene from their father, expression of the phenotype is not observed in the offspring of an affected female until subsequent transmittance of the gene through a male carrier. This finding strongly suggests that genomic imprinting is involved. We report the results of a linkage study on a large Dutch pedigree with hereditary paragangliomas. Highly significant evidence for genetic linkage to chromosome 11q23-qter with the anonymous DNA marker D11S147 was detected with a peak lod score of 6.0 at a recombination fraction theta = 0.0. Likelihood calculations yielded an odds ratio of 2.7 x 10(6) in favor of genomic imprinting versus the absence of genomic imprinting.