gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Augmented Vehicular Reality (2017)

Like today's autonomous vehicle prototypes, vehicles in the future will have rich sensors to map and identify objects in the environment. For example, many autonomous vehicle prototypes today come with line-of-sight depth perception sensors like 3D cameras. These cameras are used for improving vehicular safety in autonomous driving, but have fundamentally limited visibility due to occlusions, sensing range, and extreme weather and lighting conditions. To improve visibility and performance, not just for autonomous vehicles but for other Advanced Driving Assistance Systems (ADAS), we explore a capability called Augmented Vehicular Reality (AVR). AVR broadens the vehicle's visual horizon by enabling it to share visual information with other nearby vehicles, but requires careful techniques to align coordinate frames of reference, and to detect dynamic objects. Preliminary evaluations hint at the feasibility of AVR and also highlight research challenges in achieving AVR's potential to improve autonomous vehicles and ADAS.
ChemInform Abstract: Superconductivity in LaTMBN and La3TM2B2N3 (TM = Transition Metal) Synthesized under High Pressure. (2012)

Abstract Various layered boronitrides (LaN) n (M 2 B 2 ) (M: Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir Pt; n = 2, 3), namely LaNiBN, La 3 Co 2 B 2 N 3 , La 3 Ni 2 B 2 N 3 , and the new compounds LaRuBN, LaRhBN, LaIrBN, LaPtBN, and La 3 Ru 2 B 2 N 3 are synthesized by solid state reactions of LaN, M, and boron under high pressure (2—5 GPa, 1200—1600 °C, 0.5—2 h).
Expression of Erythropoietin Receptor-Like Molecule in Xenopus laevis (xeEPOR) and the Development of Anemia by the Administration of Its Recombinant Soluble Form. (2004)

Abstract The regulation of hematopoiesis in non-mammalian vertebrates is poorly understood. This is partly because the structures and effects of most hematopoietic regulators have not been identified. As a first step towards studies on the key ingredient of hematopoietic regulation among phyla as well as the diversity of organisms, we have focused on amphibian hematopoiesis. In this study, a cDNA sharing the highest degree of homology with mammalian erythropoietin (EPO) receptors, named xeEPOR tentatively, was cloned from cDNA library of Xenopus immature erythrocytes. The identities of the deduced entire amino acid sequence to human and murine EPO receptors were 24% and 25%, respectively; whereas transmembrane region and motifs of WSXWS and Box1/2 domains were found in the molecule. The northern analysis revealed that two types of xeEPOR RNAs were expressed in normal peripheral blood cells. In addition, by in situ hybridization and immunostaining with monoclonal antibodies raised against the extracellular domain of xeEPOR (soluble xeEPOR), immature basophilic erythrocytes expressing xeEPOR appeared in peripheral blood of phenylhydrazine-treated adult Xenopus. The fulllength xeEPOR cDNA was introduced into murine FDC/P2 cells and the signaling for the cellular proliferation and differentiation was examined in the presence of serum derived from anemic Xenopus as a stimulator. To further understanding the contribution of the xeEPOR gene expression to primitive and definitive hematopoiesis on Xenopus development, whole mount in situ hybridization was performed. As the binding motif of GATA-1, the hematopoietic specific transcription factor, was located at −24 to −15 base upstream of the translation initiation sequence, the correlated expressions of xeEPOR and Xenopus GATA-1 on developing embryo were evaluated with RT-PCR. The xeEPOR RNA was abundantly expressed at Nieuwkoop stage 30 (blood island formation) and thereafter, and temporally followed the expression of GATA-1, suggesting that the functional expression of xeEPOR was upregulated by GATA-1 in Xenopus as reported in studies on mammalian erythropoiesis. To confirm biological functions of the molecule, soluble xeEPOR was administered into adult Xenopus by intracardiac consecutive injections. The peripheral erythrocyte counts were gradually decreased; meanwhile immature erythrocytes were emerged in the circulation, demonstrating that this molecule plays a significant physiological role in erythropoiesis in Xenopus.
Clinical Significance of the Inhibition of YY1 Activity and Expression by Therapeutic Anti-Cancer Antibodies (2010)

A large number of hematologic malignancies of B-cell origin express the CD20 receptor on the cell surface. CD20 is expressed in the B-cell lineage and is absent in plasma cells. Antibodies directed against CD20 result in the elimination of normal and malignant B cells and, hence, led to the development of a therapeutic antibody, rituximab, that has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of B-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), in part, cause depletion of B cells by rituximab in vivo. In addition, we have found that rituximab and several novel anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies signal the cells and inhibit several intracellular pathways. For instance, we have demonstrated that treatment of B-NHL cell lines with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (mAb) resulted in the inhibition of constitutively activated transcription factors NF-κB and Yin Yang 1 (YY1). Inhibition of YY1 by anti-CD20 mAb was caused, in part, by the inhibition of NF-κB and induction of the Raf-1 kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP). Inhibition of YY1 with siRNA YY1 resulted in sensitization of B-NHL to apoptosis by drugs. These findings demonstrate that anti-CD20 mAb-induced cell sensitization is the result of inhibition of YY1 activity and expression. Similar findings were observed with the humanized anti-CD20 mAb, BM-ca, and anti-CD80 mAb, galiximab. Hence, YY1 is suggested to be a therapeutic target that can be used in conjunction with anti-CD20 antibodies and other therapeutic antibodies in the reversal of resistance in B-NHL and other malignancies.
The Ability of Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction to Correct Patellar Kinematics and Contact Mechanics in the Presence of a Lateralized Tibial Tubercle (2015)

This provides guidance to surgeons as to the threshold at which MPFL reconstruction may satisfactorily restore patellofemoral mechanics, beyond which more invasive surgery such as TT transfer may be indicated.
Optical phenomena and dynamics in organic microcavity laser (2011)

Formalism for the interaction of organic molecules with a microstructure cavity is presented. We study the effect of emission and absorption properties of organic molecules in a micro-structured cavity on lasing condition. The formalism is based on coupled-mode theory and provides analytical expression for steady state operation. This study suggests routes to obtain an ultra-low threshold organic laser that can ultimately pave the way to development of an electro-luminescent solid-state organic laser device.
Physical and Mechanical Characteristics of Tibias from Transgenic Mice Expressing Mutant Bovine Growth Hormone Genes (2001)

Physical and mechanical characteristics of tibia from mice expressing either the M4, M11, or G119K mutant bovine growth hormone (bGH) gene and displaying large, near-normal, or small-size phenotypes, respectively, were compared to those of non-transgenic, control mice (NTC). Three animals of each strain were euthanized at 28, 38, 48, 58, and 68 days of age. Variables were regressed against age to establish the pattern of change throughout the experiment, and the regression results are presented. Tibias from G119K were shorter (13.1 mm) and lighter (37.3 mg) than those from other strains, and M4 tibias were heavier (87.9 mg) and longer (16.6 mm) at 70 days of age. The ratio of tibia length to body weight suggests longitudinal bone growth was not reduced as much as overall growth in G119K mice. The external and internal dimensions of the G119K tibias were smaller than the other strains whereas the M4 tibias were somewhat larger. Differences in physical dimensions between the NTC and M11 mice did not greatly affect bone mechanical characteristics. Tibias from M4 mice resisted more load at both flexure and breaking compared to the other strains. At 50 days of age, stress at flexure was greater at all ages for G119K mice (12.4 kg/mm2) and was decreased in M4 mice (8.5 kg/mm2). The bGH mutations produce different effects on bone growth and its mechanical characteristics. There also may be differential tissue responsiveness to the mutant bGH analogs, as longitudinal growth was not as affected as empty body growth in the G119K mice. These transgenic mouse strains provide valuable models to study bone growth, formation, and reformation in response to GH regulation, and more importantly, the M4 and G119K mice may serve as a model in which the priorities for GH action on bone vs muscle may be determined.
Interplay between Structural and Dielectric Features of New Low k Hybrid Organic–Organometallic Supramolecular Ribbons (2011)

The synthesis and characterization of low k one-dimensional (1D) hybrid organic–organometallic supramolecular ribbons 3a,b, through halogen-bond driven co-crystallization of trans-[Pt(PCy3)2(C≡C-4-py)2] (1) with 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene (2a) and trans-1,2-bis-(2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-iodophenyl)-ethylene (2b), are reported. The co-crystals 3a,b have been obtained by isothermal evaporation of a chloroform solution containing the corresponding starting materials at room temperature. X-ray structure determinations show that noncovalent interactions other than halogen bonds help in the construction of the crystal packing; these interactions are stronger in 3b, thus reducing the chain mobility with respect to 3a. Accordingly, the broadband dielectric spectroscopic determinations, carried out from 10–2 to 107 Hz and at a temperature ranging from 25 to 155 °C, showed that both 3a and 3b materials exhibit a real component of dielectric permittivity (ε′) significantly lower than SiO2. In particular in the case of 3b, the rigidity of the 1D chain explains the observed ε″ and tan δ values. A permittivity value that is significantly lower than that of the silica reference, tan δ values lower than 0.02 in the entire investigated temperature range, and less than 0.004 at T < 100 °C make 3b a very promising low k hybrid organic–organometallic material for application as dielectric films in next generation microelectronics.
Stress Transfer and Nonlinear Stress Accumulation at Subduction-type Plate Boundaries — Application to the Aleutians (1985)

A study of stress accumulation in seismic gaps and of stress transfer along linear plate boundaries is presented. Time-dependent reloading of plate boundaries following seismic ruptures is modeled by a modified Elsasser model of a coupled lithosphere/asthenosphere plate system. This model is applied to study a series of large earthquakes in the Aleutian Islands and the Alaska peninsula in 1938–1965. It is found that the Rat Island earthquake and the 1948 earthquake in the central Aleutians are likely to have been triggered by adjacent ruptures, in the sense that their occurrence would have come at a later time had their neighboring segments not been ruptured. Stresses in the Unalaska Gap and the Shumagin gap are at a relatively high level and these segments of the plate boundary may be expected to rupture in the near future. In general, in the ten years (about 16% of the earthquake cycle for the Aleutians) following an earthquake, the stress recovery in the rupture zone is highly nonlinear, resulting in a much more rapid stress accumulation than the linear case. Even at a later stage of an earthquake cycle, adjacent ruptures can cause an acceleration of loading rate in addition to the coseismic stress jump. A good example is the influence of the 1964 Alaska earthquake on the 1938 rupture zone. A general conclusion of this work is that long term earthquake prediction models must take into account the nonlinear stress accumulation behavior in seismic gaps. Also, we have shown the interaction of adjacent plate boundary segments, which suggests that some large earthquakes may have been triggered by nearby ruptures.
The association of JAK2 polymorphisms with prognosis in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). (2016)

313 Background: We evaluated variation in candidate genes implicated in either initiation or progression of prostate cancer with survival in CRPC stage. Methods: Germline DNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of CRPC patients enrolled in a clinically annotated registry. Fourteen candidate genes were tagged using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from HapMap with minor allele frequency of &gt; 5%. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), defined as time from development of CRPC to death. Principal component analysis was used for gene levels tests of significance. For SNP level results the per allele hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) under the additive allele model using Cox regression adjusted for age at CRCP and Gleason score (GS) were used. Results: Two hundred and forty five CRPC patients who met the criteria of having adequate DNA were genotyped (14 genes, 84 SNPs). The median age of the cohort was 69 years (range 43-93). The GS distribution was 55% with GS≥8, 32% with GS = 7 and 13% with GS &lt; 7 or unknown. Median time from castration resistance to death for the cohort was 2.67 years (IQ range: 1.6-4.07, 144 deaths). At the gene level JAK2 was detected to be associated with OS. Six of 18 JAK2 SNPs were associated with OS after adjustment for age and GS as well as pruning of SNPs in high linkage disequilibrium with each other (see table). In our multivariate model including age, GS, rs2149556, and rs4372063, the adjusted HRs for rs2149556 and rs4372063 were 0.67 (95% CI 0.38-1.18) and 2.17 (95% CI 1.25-3.76), respectively. The protective effect of rs2149556 appears after adjusting for the presence of minor alleles for rs4372063 in this dataset. Conclusions: Germline variation in the JAK2gene is associated with survival in CRPC stage and warrants further validation as a potential prognostic biomarker. [Table: see text]
The isolation of the human delta chain gene and its expression in normal T cells and T cell leukemias. (1988)

In this paper we describe a gene that lies 85 kb 5' of the constant region of the human alpha chain and some 30-50 kb 3' of the alpha chain V region (H. Griesser, unpublished observation). This gene undergoes somatic recombination and is transcribed in thymocytes, PHA-stimulated peripheral blood T cells, and some T cell leukemic cell lines. Sequence analysis revealed that the gene has a structure similar to that of immunoglobulin and other T cell antigen receptor genes. Comparison of the sequence to a mouse gene found in a similar location revealed 80% homology at the protein level. Recently, M. Davis and A. Weiss (personal communication) have demonstrated that the protein product of the mouse gene is the delta chain gene. Thus, the gene described in this paper represents the human homolog of the delta chain gene of the T cell antigen receptor.
Canadian national electrophysiology ablation registry report 2011–2016 (2021)

This initiative provides contemporary data on invasive electrophysiology lab practices. The EP registry provides activity benchmarks on national trends and practices.
Certolizumab Pegol Is Efficacious in Crohnʼs Disease Patients Who Have Failed Infliximab Regardless of Concomitant Therapy or Reason for Failure (2008)

Purpose: The WELCOME study prospectively evaluated the efficacy of certolizumab pegol (CZP) in patients with moderate to severe Crohn's Disease who had previously responded to infliximab (IFX) but were no longer responding or had developed hypersensitivity. The purpose of this analysis was to assess the influence of concomitant corticosteroid (CS) or immunosuppressant (IS) use on Week-6 response rates to CZP and also to determine if the reason for IFX failure had any influence on Week 6 CZP responses. Methods: Patients (≥ 18 years) with a Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) score of 220–450 and a history of infliximab failure (loss of response and/or hypersensitivity) were eligible for inclusion in WELCOME, a 26-week, multicenter trial consisting of 2 phases: (1) a 6-week open-label induction (CZP 400 mg at Weeks 0, 2, and 4); and (2) a double-blind maintenance phase (CZP 400 mg every 2 or every 4 weeks). The primary end point was response rate (decrease in CDAI score ≥ 100 points; CDAI-100) at Week 6. Permitted concomitant medications at baseline included: CS at a stable dose for 2 weeks, and IS (azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine, and methotrexate) at a stable dose for 8 weeks prior to screening. Results: Of the 539 patients enrolled, 304 (56.4%) had discontinued IFX due to a loss of response, 199 (36.9%) due to hypersensitivity, 33 (6.1%) due to loss of response plus hypersensitivity, and 3 (0.6%) due to other reasons. At Week 6, 61% of all patients achieved CDAI-100; 68% achieved CDAI-70 (ie decrease in CDAI score ≥ 70 points) and 39% achieved remission (CDAI ≤ 150-points). There was no difference in the proportion of patients achieving a clinical response (CDAI-100) to CZP when stratified by concomitant CS or IS use (Table 1). Furthermore, there was no difference in response to CZP regardless of the reason for previous IFX failure: 62.3%, 61.2%, and 57.6% of patients with previous loss of response to IFX, hypersensitivity, or loss of response plus hypersensitivity, respectively, achieved a clinical response with CZP. CZP was well tolerated and no unexpected safety signals were observed.TableConclusion: CZP demonstrated a consistent clinical response in patients with moderate to severe CD whether used as a monotherapy or with concomitant treatment with CS or IS. The reason for IFX failure (loss of response or hypersensitivity) also did not impact the response rates to CZP.
Digital Control of Induction Machines as a Backup Control Strategy for Fault Tolerant Operation of Traction Motors (2014)

Induction machine (IM)-based electric vehicle applications have gained significant popularity over recent years. However, failure of IM drivetrain components can lead to system malfunction and result in vehicle shutdown. Controller redundancy method is often used to tolerate microcontroller failure. However, this method results in high cost and complicates system design in terms of controller synchronization. This paper proposes a simplified digital control method for IM with low hardware requirements. Potentially, digital control method can work using simple auxiliary circuits without a microcontroller and can be used as a backup control strategy to maintain continuous operation of the IM in the event of microcontroller failure. This paper focuses on introducing the principle and implementation of digital control for IM and evaluating its performance. This digital control method can control three-phase squirrel cage IM system and enables motoring and generating operation. This method is extremely simple in design and implementation. Simulation and experimental results are included in this paper to validate our claims.
Analysis and control of an extended Quadruple tank process (2014)

An extension to the standard Quadruple tank process is proposed and analyzed. It is shown that the extended setup provides an improved platform for experimental and educational studies of MIMO control systems. Based on dynamic models for the process a control configuration selection is performed and both decentralized and decoupling control schemes are designed and tested. Moreover sparse IMC controllers have been evaluated against a decentralized control scheme for improvement in the stochastic performance. It is shown how a performance assessment method based on the FCOR algorithm can be used to find the optimal tuning of the IMC controller. It can be concluded that the proposed extension to the quadruple tank process is useful for benchmark and educational purposes.
PbGa<inf>2</inf>Se<inf>4</inf> semiconductor for gamma-ray detection (2012)

In this paper the fabrication and characterization of lead gallium selenide (PbGa <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Se <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> ) semiconductor devices are reported. PbGa <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Se <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> semiconductor crystals were grown by vertical Bridgman method and planar devices were fabricated from cleaved crystals. The resistivity of the samples with chromium gold contacts was measured to be in the 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">13</sup> Ω cm range. Pulse height spectra were collected using <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">241</sup> Am, <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">109</sup> Cd, <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">57</sup> CO, and <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">137</sup> Cs gamma-ray sources. A full energy peak was also observed from the Ag x-rays of <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">109</sup> Cd gamma ray source with 250 μm thick PbGa <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Se <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> planar device.
Mikä on AES, agroekologinen symbioosi (2017)

The current food system can be characterised as a chain model where nutrients are not being recycled and the operations are highly centralised.Agroecological symbiosis (AES) offers an alternative to this: a group of farms and food processors which are physically located close to each other operate jointly on a contractual basis to produce local food.For entrepreneurs this gives the opportunity to act in a more sustainable way, both environmentally and socially, and to achieve higher profitability.At the heart of the Palopuro Symbiosis built as a pilot is an organic farm of 385 hectares, with an organic egg farm and vegetable farm located nearby.After the symbiosis gets started, there is an organic bakery to make bread from the cereal produced on the farm.The yield of green manure grasses is harvested and, together with horse and hen manure, taken to the dry digestion plant, which produces energy for the farm and bakery and biomethane to be sold.Digestion residue is taken back to the arable land as fertiliser.The recycling of biomass through biogasification reduces the loss of nutrients.As fertiliser digestion residue can be targeted more accurately than green manure, which besides involving less environmental problems improves the yields.AES is a nutrient, energy and climate efficient way to produce food.The use of recycled nutrients reduces both the loading of waters and gaseous emissions.AES serves as a model and foundation for food systems that are in line with the objectives set for the bioeconomy and circular economy.