gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Miniature antenna for circularly polarized quasi isotropic coverage (2007)

A novel miniature antenna with quasi-isotropic radiation pattern and optimized circular polarization is presented. This structure is well suited for small wireless devices whose orientation is arbitrary with respect to each other, especially for future applications such as wireless sensor networks. The miniature antenna (λ/5 x λ/5 x λ/38) consists of 4 Inverted-F Antennas (IFA) arranged in a rotational symmetry and mounted on a small dual layer PCB. IFA elements are fed by a micro-strip network etched on the bottom layer. We obtain a total efficiency of more than 65% on a 100MHz bandwidth, a quasi-isotropic radiation pattern with an absolute maximum 3.6dB deviation relative to the ideal isotropic pattern and circular polarization in two large circular sectors pointing upward and downward with an average -3dB axial ratio beam width of 105°. Finally, according to a previously published criterion, the isotropic coverage, radiation performances of this antenna are evaluated and compared to common antennas in the typical context of devices communicating together with arbitrary orientations with respect to each others. (5 pages)
Feasibility of iron-based shape memory alloy strips for prestressed strengthening of steel plates (2017)

Iron-based shape memory alloys (Fe-SMAs) are advanced materials that can be used as prestressing elements for strengthening and rehabilitation of civil structures. In this paper, the results of a feasibility study on the application of shape memory effect (SME) of Fe-SMA strips for prestressed strengthening of steel plates are provided and discussed. The Fe-SMA strips were anchored to the steel plates using a pair of mechanical anchorage system. Electrical resistance heating (ERH) technique was then used to heat up the Fe-SMA strips to 260 °C, resulting in activation of the Fe-SMA material. The activated Fe-SMA strips apply a prestressing force to the steel plate. The Fe-SMA-strengthened steel plates were then subjected to static tensile load to simulate the external loading on the retrofitted member. Based on the preliminary experimental results, it can be concluded that strengthening of steel plates with activated Fe-SMA strips can considerably decrease the tensile stress level in such members.
Supplementary Table S2 from Promoter Methylation of <i>CDO1</i> Identifies Clear-Cell Renal Cell Cancer Patients with Poor Survival Outcome (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Genomic information of the CDO1 probes selected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data.&lt;/p&gt;
Suppression of drain conductance frequency dispersion in InP-based HEMTs by eliminating hole accumulation (2003)

InP-based HEMTs are promising devices for large-capacity optical fiber communication systems. To enable higher bit rate systems, though, drain conductance (g/sub d/) frequency dispersion must be suppressed as it causes jitter, which reduces the size of eye pattern openings in integrated circuits. We propose a planar structure device to remarkably suppress g/sub d/ frequency dispersion by eliminating hole accumulation at the extrinsic source. The band-discontinuity between the source contact and the channel was eliminated by direct ohmic contact, which increased the flow of holes to the source contact.
Ressonância magnética cardiovascular na cardiomiopatia hipertrófica (2007)

Entre as doenas cardacas genticas, a cardiomiopatia hipertrfica (CMH) a que mais causa morte sbita em jovens, com incidncia de 1:500 na populao adulta. Os critrios usados rotineiramente para pior prognstico apresentam sensibilidade e especificidade limitadas. Assim, o risco estimado de evoluo para cardiomiopatia dilatada ou morte sbita um tanto impreciso, gerando dvidas quanto ao tratamento adequado a ser institudo nos portadores de CMH
High-Voltage Schottky Diodes on Boron-Doped Diamond Epitaxial Films (1990)

High-voltage Schottky diodes have been fabricated on diamond epitaxial films with the structure: metal/undoped diamond/p + -type diamond. The films were epitaxially grown on synthesized single-crystal diamonds (100) by microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using H 2 and CH 4 . B 2 H 6 was used at B 2 H 6 /CH 4 =167 ppm for p + diamond. Al Schottky electrodes and Ti ohmic electrodes were formed by an e-beam evaporation method and a thermal evaporation method, respectively. The forward current was independent of temperature because of the Fermi degeneracy in p + -type diamond. These diodes had a breakdown voltage of 520 V.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanism of Enantioselection in Rh‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation. The Origin of Utmost Catalytic Performance (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Hardware IP Trust Validation: Learn (the Untrustworthy), and Verify (2018)

Increasing reliance on hardware Intellectual Property (IP) cores in modern system-on-chip (SoC) design flow, often obtained from untrusted vendors distributed across the globe, can significantly compromise the security of SoCs. While the design could be verified for a specified functionality using existing tools, it is extremely hard to verify its trustworthiness to guarantee that no hidden, and possibly malicious function exists in the form of a hardware Trojan. Conventional verification process and tools fail to verify the trust of a third-party IP, primarily due to the lack of trusted reference design or golden models. In this paper, for the first time to our knowledge, we introduce a systematic framework to apply machine learning based classification for hardware IP trust verification. A supervised classifier could be trained for identifying Trojan nets within a suspect IP, but the detection coverage and accuracy are extremely sensitive to the quality of training set available. Furthermore, reliance on a static training database limits the classifier's ability in detecting new Trojans and facilitates adversarial learning. The proposed framework includes a Trojan insertion tool that dynamically generates a large number of diverse implementations of Trojan classes for creating a robust training set. It is significantly more difficult for an adversary to evade our classifier using known Trojan classes since the tool dynamically samples the entire Trojan population. To further improve the efficiency of the system, we combined three machine learning models into an average probability Voting Ensemble. Our results for two broad classes of Trojan show excellent classification accuracy of 99.69% and 99.88% with F-score of 86.69% and 88.37% for sequential and combinational Trojans, respectively.
Design for interaction (2009)

Research in information retrieval has focused on presenting the most relevant results to a user in response to a free-text search query. Research in database systems assumes a model where the user enters a formal query, and the results are exactly those the user requested. Neither community has emphasized user interaction—a critical concern for practical information access.
Design of a General-Purpose MIMO Predictor with Neural Networks (1994)

A new multi-step predictor for multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) systems is proposed. The output prediction of such a system is represented as a mapping from its historical data and future inputs to future outputs. A neural network is designed to learn the mapping without re quiring a priori knowledge of the parameters and structure of the system. The major problem in de veloping such a predictor is how to train the neural network. In case of the back propagation algorithm, the network is trained by using the network's output error which is not known due to the unknown predicted future system outputs. To overcome this problem, the concept of updating, in stead of training, a neural network is introduced and verified with simulations. The predictor then uses only the system's historical data to update the configuration of the neural network and always works in a closed loop. If each node can only handle scalar operations, emulation of an MIMO mapping requires the neural network to be excessively large, and it is difficult to specify some known coupling effects of the predicted system. So, we propose a vector-structured, multilayer perceptron for the predictor design. MIMO linear, nonlinear, time-invariant, and time-varying systems are tested via simulation, and all showed very promising performances.
Hefendifferenzierung aus Futtermitteln (2011)

Das Projekt hat zum Inhalt, Hefen aus Futtermitteln sicher mittels Fourier-Transform-Infrarot (FT-IR)-Spektroskopie identifizieren zu können. Die am Zentralinstitut für Ernährungs- und Lebensmittelforschung der TU München bestehende Datenbank zur Identifizierung von Hefen mittels FT-IR-Spektroskopie konnte durch eine Datenerweiterung für die Futtermittelmikrobiologie nutzbar gemacht werden. So wurde die sichere Differenzierung der naheverwandten Arten der Gattungen Issatchenkia und Pichia möglich, die einen wesentlichen Anteil an der Gesamthefeflora von Futtermitteln pflanzlichen Ursprungs ausmachen. Desgleichen gelang die sichere spektrometrische Trennung der handelsüblichen probiotischen Saccharomyces cerevisiae-Stämme von ubiquitären Stämmen sowie eine Differenzierung der probiotischen Zusatzstoffe untereinander. Durch die Nutzung der FT-IR-Spektroskopie kann die mikrobiologische Qualität von Futtermitteln durch genaue Identifizierung der Hefespezies besser charakterisiert sowie ein Gesundheitsrisiko für die Tiere schnell und effizient beurteilt werden.
What can metal-ligand bonding energetics teach us about stoichiometric and catalytic organometallic chemistry? (1989)

Abstract
TNFR2 Expression on CD25hiFOXP3+ T Cells Induced upon TCR Stimulation of CD4 T Cells Identifies Maximal Cytokine-Producing Effectors (2013)

In this study, we show that CD25(hi)TNFR2(+) cells can be rapidly generated in vitro from circulating CD4 lymphocytes by polyclonal stimuli anti-CD3 in the presence of anti-CD28. The in vitro induced CD25(hi)TNFR2(+) T cells express a conventional regulatory T cells phenotype FOXP3(+)CTLA4(+)CD127(lo/-), but produce effector and immunoregulatory cytokines including IL-2, IL-10, and IFN-g. These induced CD25(hi)TNFR2(+) T cells do not suppress target cell proliferation, but enhance it instead. Thus the CD25(hi)TNFR2(+) phenotype induced rapidly following CD3/28 cross linking of CD4 T cells identifies cells with maximal proliferative and effector cytokine-producing capability. The in vivo counterpart of this cell population may play an important role in immune response initiation.
Material Design of p‐Type Transparent Amorphous Semiconductor, Cu–Sn–I (2018)

Transparent amorphous semiconductors (TAS) that can be fabricated at low temperature are key materials in the practical application of transparent flexible electronics. Although various n-type TAS materials with excellent performance, such as amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O (a-IGZO), are already known, no complementary p-type TAS has been realized to date. Here, a material design concept for p-type TAS materials is proposed utilizing the pseudo s-orbital nature of spatially spreading iodine 5p orbitals and amorphous Sn-containing CuI (a-CuSnI) thin film is reported as an example. The resulting a-CuSnI thin films fabricated by spin coating at low temperature (140 °C) have a smooth surface. The Hall mobility increases with the hole concentration and the largest mobility of ≈9 cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> is obtained, which is comparable with that of conventional n-type TAS.
Hydrogen Peroxide Activated Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors: A Prodrug Approach (2010)

Zwei Jobs gleichzeitig: Ein Metalloproteinasen-Inhibitor, den reaktive Sauerstoffspezies (ROS) aktivieren, wurde mit dem Ziel entworfen, die Blut-Hirn-Schranke (BHS) bei Auftreten eines ischämischen Reperfusionsschadens zu schützen. Damit kann eine einzelne Verbindung gleich zwei Bedrohungen für die BHS ausschalten, indem sie schädigende ROS neutralisiert und BHS-abbauende Metalloproteinasen hemmt.
Induction of human primary antibody responses in vitro by ovalbumin (OVA) or anthrax (rPA) on dendritic cells (DCs) and follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) in temporally controlled germinal center reactions (GCRs) (47.19) (2007)

Abstract Induction of potent primary human Ab responses entirely in vitro is challenging, although such in vitro responses could be helpful in assessing vaccines and therapeutics without jeopardizing human health. Given that DCs prime T cells and that FDCs promote B cell responses, we hypothesized that primary Ab responses could be induced in temporally controlled GCRs in vitro. To test this, monocyte derived-DCs were given OVA or rPA for processing, matured with LPS, and CD4+ T cells were added for priming. Ten days later, naïve B cells and OVA or rPA bearing FDCs were added and Ab production was subsequently assayed by ELISA. The CD4+ T cells clustered with DCs through the 10 days of priming and fused with FDC-B cell clusters when GCRs were induced. IgM anti-OVA levels were 79±15 ng/ml 7 days after adding B cells and declined to 2.4±0.5 ng/ml at day 14. In contrast, IgG anti-OVA rose from 9±1.7 at day 7 to 25±6.4 ng/ml at day 14 and the IgG1:IgG2 ratio was 1:3. Similarly, IgM anti-rPA levels were 10 ng/ml by just 5 days then IgM production switched to IgG. IgG anti-rPA rose from 3 ng/ml at day 5 to 9 ng/ml by day 12. In short, Ag specific primary human Ab responses, including Ig class switching from specific IgM to IgG, can be generated in GCRs entirely in vitro. Thus, potential vaccines can be rapidly and safely assessed using the human immune system. (Supported and cleared by DARPA on 12/20/2006 - Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited)
Spontaneous Injection in Microcolumn Separations (1994)

The phenomenon of spontaneous (ubiquitous) injection in microcolumn separations has been characterized to improve quantitative precision for ultramicrosampling and to enhance separation efficiency. By combining fluorescence imaging, video microscopy, and measurements from capillary electrophoresis, we demonstrate that spontaneous injection is caused primarily by an interfacial pressure difference formed at the inlet of the capillary. This complex injection mechanism has been modeled with some simple assumptions based on fluid dynamics. In particular, studies showed that extraneous injection is reduced up to 12-fold by etching the capillary inlet or by using a thin-walled capillary. Variations by a factor of 2 in the injection length can result from delays between sample introduction and reinsertion into the inlet vial if the timing is not controlled precisely. Evidence is presented that evaporation of buffer from the inlet can reduce the injection length by more than 1 order of magnitude.
Phenotypic and molecular characterization of community occurring, Western Samoan phage pattern methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (2002)

In New Zealand, it is estimated that greater than half of the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains recovered from patients belong to what has been termed Western Samoan phage pattern types 1 and 2 (WSPP1, WSPP2). These strains differ from classical MRSA isolates in terms of their lack of multiresistance and community occurrence, suggesting that such strains possess properties and/or characteristics different from those of other MRSA. To address this hypothesis, 10 WSPP1 and WSPP2 isolates from Western Samoa, New Zealand and Australia were compared with common hospital MRSA isolates. All WSPP isolates were identical with regard to pulsed-field gel electrophoretic pattern of SmaI-digested DNA, coagulase gene restriction fragment length polymorphism pattern and localization of mecA to a 194 kb SmaI digestion fragment. The WSPP strains were no more resistant/sensitive to various environmental stresses (e.g. skin fatty acids, UV light, desiccation) compared with hospital epidemic MRSA strains, except for their higher tolerance to salt. In terms of virulence, the WSPP MRSA were quantitatively better at attaching to the epithelial cell line HEp2, were uniformly egg-yolk opacity factor negative and produced higher levels of haemolytic toxins compared with non-WSPP MRSA isolates.
Preclinical evaluation of Gd-EOB-DTPA as a contrast agent in MR imaging of the hepatobiliary system. (1992)

Gadolinium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) covalently linked to the lipophilic ethoxybenzyl moiety (Gd-EOB-DTPA) was designed for use as a contrast agent in hepatobiliary magnetic resonance imaging. With T1 relaxivity values of 8.7 L/mmol.second in plasma and 16.6 L/mmol.second in rat liver tissue and a median lethal dose of 10 mmol/kg when administered intravenously in mice and rats, Gd-EOB-DTPA has a fairly high margin of safety. In rats and monkeys, biodistribution studies performed 7 days after administration of 0.25 mmol/kg revealed very little retention of gadolinium (less than 1%) in the tissues, indicating complete elimination via renal and biliary excretion. Biliary excretion was inhibited by coadministration of sulfobromophthalein, indicating the involvement of a carrier-mediated transport system based on the enzyme glutathione-S-transferase. In rats, the biliary transport maximum was 5 mumol gadolinium/min.kg. High T1 relaxivity of Gd-EOB-DTPA in rat liver in vivo can be explained by transient interaction with intracellular components and by increased microviscosity inside the hepatocyte.
Supplementary Table 1 from Hypermethylation of <i>ASC/TMS1</i> Is a Sputum Marker for Late-Stage Lung Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from Hypermethylation of &lt;i&gt;ASC/TMS1&lt;/i&gt; Is a Sputum Marker for Late-Stage Lung Cancer
The Transcription Unit Architecture of Streptomyces lividans TK24 (2019)

<i>Streptomyces lividans</i> is an attractive host for production of heterologous proteins and secondary metabolites of other <i>Streptomyces</i> species. To fully harness the industrial potential of <i>S. lividans</i>, understanding its metabolism and genetic regulatory elements is essential. This study aimed to determine its transcription unit (TU) architecture and elucidate its diverse regulatory elements, including promoters, ribosome binding sites, 5'-untranslated regions, and transcription terminators. Total 1,978 transcription start sites and 1,640 transcript 3'-end positions were identified, which were integrated to determine 1,300 TUs, consistent with transcriptomic profiles. The conserved promoter sequences were found as 5'-TANNNT and 5'-TGAC, representing the -10 and -35 elements, respectively. Analysis of transcript 3'-end positions revealed the presence of distinctive terminator sequences and the RNA stem structure responsible for the determination of the 3'-boundary of a transcript. Functionally related genes are likely to be regulated simultaneously by using similar promoters and being transcribed as a poly-cistronic TU. Poly-cistronic TUs were further processed or alternatively transcribed into multiple TUs to fine-regulate individual genes in response to environmental conditions. The TU information and regulatory elements identified will serve as invaluable resources for understanding the complex regulatory mechanisms of <i>S. lividans</i> and to elevate its industrial potential.
The effect of aromatic ring size in electron deficient semiconducting polymers for n-type organic thermoelectrics (2020)

N-type semiconducting polymers have been recently utilized in thermoelectric devices, however they have typically exhibited low electrical conductivities and poor device stability, in contrast to p-type semiconductors, which have been much higher performing.
Spatiotemporal template for visual perception in normal and amblyopic vision (2010)

Reverse-correlation methods can provide both quantitative and intuitive information about the information used and mechanisms underlying a visual task. In this study, we use reverse-correlation to measure the spatiotemporal templates for both normal and amblyopic observers. We measured contrast discrimination for a target bar embedded in spatio-temporal noise (11 noise bars, each 0.1 × 0.8 deg; 21 noise frames, each 10ms). Five normal and six amblyopic observers participated. The preferred eye of each normal observer and both eyes of each amblyopic observer were tested at fixation. The same measurements were repeated on normal observers with spatiotemporally filtered stimuli (2-d Gaussian filter) at fixation, and with unfiltered stimuli at 2.5 deg eccentricity in the lower visual field. We used reverse-correlation to calculate the classification images (templates). The classification image for normal observers and non-amblyopic eyes has a positive peak at the spatio-temporal location of the target, with negative flankers 0.1∼0.3 deg on each side of the central peak. Along the time coordinate, it has a negative peak 30∼40ms following the onset of the target. In the amblyopic eye, however, the negative peak in the temporal profile is completely missing in almost every case, and the inhibitory flankers in space are either missing or scattered. When the stimuli are blurred by a 2-d Gaussian spatio-temporal filter, the classification image of normal observers is not qualitatively different from that with the unfiltered stimuli. But when the stimuli are viewed eccentrically, the classification image shows a lack of inhibition, similar to the amblyopic eyes. Our results suggest that low level visual processing in amblyopia is abnormal mainly in that the inhibition, but not the excitation, is significantly reduced, both in space and in time. This deficit cannot be explained by “blur”, but is similar in nature to normal peripheral vision.
ChemInform Abstract: βGal(1→S‐4)βGlcNAc—OR: A Galactosidase‐Stable Substrate for α(1→3)Fucosyltransferase. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Personalized treatment of Sézary syndrome by targeting a novel CTLA4:CD28 fusion (2014)

Matching molecularly targeted therapies with cancer subtype-specific gene mutations is revolutionizing oncology care. However, for rare cancers this approach is problematic due to the often poor understanding of the disease's natural history and phenotypic heterogeneity, making treatment of these cancers a particularly unmet medical need in clinical oncology. Advanced Sézary syndrome (SS), an aggressive, exceedingly rare variant of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a prototypical example of a rare cancer. Through whole genome and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of a SS patient's tumor we discovered a highly expressed gene fusion between CTLA4 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4) and CD28 (cluster of differentiation 28), predicting a novel stimulatory molecule on the surface of tumor T cells. Treatment with the CTLA4 inhibitor ipilimumab resulted in a rapid clinical response. Our findings suggest a novel driver mechanism for SS, and cancer in general, and exemplify an emerging model of cancer treatment using exploratory genomic analysis to identify a personally targeted treatment option when conventional therapies are exhausted.