gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Self-Assembly of Crystalline Structures of Magnetic Core–Shell Nanoparticles for Fabrication of Nanostructured Materials (2015)

A theoretical study is presented of the template-assisted formation of crystalline superstructures of magnetic-dielectric core-shell particles. The templates produce highly localized gradient fields and a corresponding magnetic force that guides the assembly with nanoscale precision in particle placement. The process is studied using two distinct and complementary computational models that predict the dynamics and energy of the particles, respectively. Both mono- and polydisperse colloids are studied, and the analysis demonstrates for the first time that although the particles self-assemble into ordered crystalline superstructures, the particle formation is not unique. There is a Brownian motion-induced degeneracy in the process wherein various distinct, energetically comparable crystalline structures can form for a given template geometry. The models predict the formation of hexagonal close packed (HCP) and face centered cubic (FCC) structures as well as mixed phase structures due to in-plane stacking disorders, which is consistent with experimental observations. The polydisperse particle structures are less uniform than the monodisperse particle structures because of the irregular packing of different-sized particles. A comparison of self-assembly using soft- and hard-magnetic templates is also presented, the former being magnetized in a uniform field. This analysis shows that soft-magnetic templates enable an order-of-magnitude more rapid assembly and much higher spatial resolution in particle placement than their hard-magnetic counterparts. The self-assembly method discussed is versatile and broadly applies to arbitrary template geometries and multilayered and multifunctional mono- and polydisperse core-shell particles that have at least one magnetic component. As such, the method holds potential for the bottom-up fabrication of functional nanostructured materials for a broad range of applications. This work provides unprecedented insight into the assembly process, especially with respect to the viability and potential fundamental limitations of realizing structure-dependent material properties for applications.
Lexical Semantic Relatedness with Random Graph Walks (2007)

Many systems for tasks such as question answering, multi-document summarization, and information retrieval need robust numerical measures of lexical relatedness. Standard thesaurus-based measures of word pair similarity are based on only a single path between those words in the thesaurus graph. By contrast, we propose a new model of lexical semantic relatedness that incorporates information from every explicit or implicit path connecting the two words in the entire graph. Our model uses a random walk over nodes and edges derived from WordNet links and corpus statistics. We treat the graph as a Markov chain and compute a word-specific stationary distribution via a generalized PageRank algorithm. Semantic relatedness of a word pair is scored by a novel divergence measure, ZKL, that outperforms existing measures on certain classes of distributions. In our experiments, the resulting relatedness measure is the WordNet-based measure most highly correlated with human similarity judgments by rank ordering at = .90.
Ideal Reformulation of Belief Networks (2013)

The intelligent reformulation or restructuring of a belief network can greatly increase the efficiency of inference. However, time expended for reformulation is not available for performing inference. Thus, under time pressure, there is a tradeoff between the time dedicated to reformulating the network and the time applied to the implementation of a solution. We investigate this partition of resources into time applied to reformulation and time used for inference. We shall describe first general principles for computing the ideal partition of resources under uncertainty. These principles have applicability to a wide variety of problems that can be divided into interdependent phases of problem solving. After, we shall present results of our empirical study of the problem of determining the ideal amount of time to devote to searching for clusters in belief networks. In this work, we acquired and made use of probability distributions that characterize (1) the performance of alternative heuristic search methods for reformulating a network instance into a set of cliques, and (2) the time for executing inference procedures on various belief networks. Given a preference model describing the value of a solution as a function of the delay required for its computation, the system selects an ideal time to devote to reformulation.
MOSFET scaling limits determined by subthreshold conduction (1989)

The formulation and solution of the equations governing transistor subthreshold behavior in explicit analytical form provide quantitative predictions for minimum feature length as well as immediate information on the relative importance of all major transistor fabrication parameters. Such a formulation and a solution for subthreshold conduction are presented. The importance of gate oxide thickness, channel impurity concentration, source-drain junction depth, and applied potentials are examined. The results suggest that successful advanced process development programs must devise methods for ultrashallow (<100 AA) source-drain junction formation and ultrathin (<50 AA) gate insulators. With vanishingly small (<50 AA) junction depth, a 30 AA gate oxide dielectric and a channel acceptor concentration of 2*10/sup 18/ per cubic centimeter, one can achieve acceptably low subthreshold conduction at effective channel lengths down to 0.06 mu m at an operating temperature of 300 K.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Two-Tone Phase Delay Control of Center Frequency and Bandwidth in Low-Noise-Amplifier RF Front Ends (2013)

This brief presents a two-tone system for controlling the center frequency and bandwidth of an RLC tank with an application to center frequency and bandwidth control in low noise amplifier (LNA) RF front ends. The circuit operates based on the fact that an RLC tank induces a phase difference with special properties between two frequencies. The system is demonstrated in hardware in the TSMC CMOS 0.18-μm process for a center frequency of 2.45 GHz and a bandwidth of 60 MHz. The LNA center frequency can be controlled with a precision of ≈0.2% while the bandwidth can be controlled with a precision of ≈8%. The tuning time is 3 μs multiplied by the number of tuning states. The tuning states are the circuit states set digitally and analyzed until the desired operating point is achieved.
ChemInform Abstract: THz Dynamic Nuclear Polarization NMR (2013)

Abstract Review: 112 refs.
Selective Catalytic Oxidation of Ammonia into Dinitrogen over a Zeolite‐Supported Ruthenium Dioxide Catalyst (2012)

Abstract RuO 2 @Na‐Y zeolite is a highly active catalyst for the selective catalytic oxidation of NH 3 into N 2 at relatively low temperatures. RuO 2 @Na‐Y zeolite achieved the stoichiometric conversion of NH 3 into N 2 at 175 °C in the presence of water vapor and CO 2 . Increasing the reaction temperature led to the formation of more‐oxidized reaction products (N 2 O, NO, and NO 2 ). This catalyst was successfully operated in a cycling mode with alternating ammonia‐ and oxygen‐containing gas streams. As expected, the catalyst was only poorly efficient in the selective catalytic reduction of ammonia.
Mapping of fields induced by electrical trees in polyethylene (2015)

A technique for calculating electric field distributions associated with electric trees in polyethylene is presented. The method utilizes images of trees obtained by means of visible-light microscopy and image-to-material conversion for setting up a computational model. Results of calculations of fields induced by various types of single trees in needle-plane electrode system as well as multiple trees in wire-plane system are discussed. For the former, the computed magnitudes of the field strength are compared with those obtained utilizing other advanced imaging techniques.
Synthesis and anthelmintic activity of thioamide analogues of cyclic octadepsipeptides such as PF1022A (2001)

The tetra- and mono-thionated cyclic octadepsipeptides represent novel cyclic octadepsipeptide derivatives with broad-spectrum activity against parasitic nematodes in mice and sheep. Some of these show better activity than the potent natural anthelmintic cyclic octadepsipeptide PF1022A against Hymenolepis nana, Heterakis spumosa and Trichinella spiralis larvae in mice. In particular, they show improved efficacy against Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis in sheep compared with PF1022A. Here we report on two different and simple synthetic pathways for this new class of thionated cyclic octadepsipeptides.
Photochemistry of 1,3-Cyclobutanediones. Decomposition Modes and Chemical Intermediates1 (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemistry of 1,3-Cyclobutanediones. Decomposition Modes and Chemical Intermediates1Nicholas J. Turro, Peter A. Leermakers, H. R. Wilson, D. C. Neckers, G. W. Byers, and G. F. VesleyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 12, 2613–2619Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01090a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01090a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views163Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
32nd Euchem Stereochemistry Conference, Bürgenstock, April 27- May 3, 1997 (1997)

Two workers employed in a hardwood floor plant presented symptoms suggestive of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP). At that plant, kiln-dried wood often shows moldy growth and is subsequently brought inside for processing. This study evaluated the environment in attempt to identify the causative antigen and verify whether other workers of this and similar plants had or were at risk of developing HP. Dust from dust-removing systems and molds on the surface of wood planks were collected and air samples taken from a sister plant. Blood samples, spirometry, and symptoms' questionnaires were obtained from 11 co-workers. Dense Paecilomyces growth was observed on the surface of the dried processed wood in the index plant. This fungal genus was not detected in the sister plant. An additional worker had symptoms suggestive of HP, and his bronchoalveolar lavage revealed a lymphocytic alveolitis. The 3 confirmed cases of HP and the other 10 workers had positive specific IgG antibodies to Paecilomyces. We report 3 cases of HP out of 13 workers and a 100% sensitization to molds in workers of a hardwood processing plant. This rate is much higher than what is commonly seen in other environments associated with HP. The drying process is suspected of being responsible for the massive Paecilomyces contamination likely responsible for the HP.
Systolic Signal Processing with Integrated Optical Coupled-Wave Device Arrays (1985)

The data flow concept of systolic processing [1] has recently found its way into a number of optical processing architectures. [2, 3] This is not surprizing since optical processing schemes are much more closely allied with continuously flowing data than are the conventional Von Newmann processing architectures.
Efficiency enhancement mechanisms of a new type of full reversible axial-flow fan (2011)

A row of airfoil-shaped support struts has been proposed to be installed on both sides of the rotor, so as to remedy the configuration asymmetry of a conventional fully reversible fan in its forward and reverse flow modes. In the forward mode, the upstream support struts act as inlet guide vanes (GVs), and the downstream ones as outlet GVs; whereas in the reverse mode, the roles played by the two support-strut rows switch over. Among the five representative airfoils, symmetric airfoil NACA0012-64 is found to be the most suitable airfoil used as the section of the two rows of the airfoil-shaped support struts. Detailed numerical investigations on four such new fans, whose design points cover a wide range, reveal that the installation of the two rows of blades improves the performance of the new type fan, when compared with the one-rotor fully reversible axial-flow fan without such support-struts. The upstream blade row has little influence on the direction of incoming flow and causes little aerodynamic losses. By contrast, the downstream blade row plays an important role in efficiency improvements: (1) the downstream blade row, which acts as outlet GVs, significantly reduces the rotor-exit tangential velocity and recovers part of the swirl energy in the flow downstream of the rotor, although sometimes the aerodynamic losses caused by such support-strut-like outlet GVs may be high at a large incidence; (2) due to the obviously reduced tangential components of the flow velocities downstream of the outlet GV, the air travels a much shorter distance toward the exit of the annular diffuser, compared with that in the fan without outlet GVs. This leads to a markedly reduced friction loss. In addition, the larger the equivalent divergence angle of the annular diffuser is, the more effectively does the installation of the two rows of the support-strut-like blade improve the performance of the new type fans.
Zigzag: Partial mutual revocation based trust management in tactical ad hoc networks (2013)

One of the key challenges in operational trust management is to continually monitor the behavior of a node and update its trust score accordingly - evidently, both speed and accuracy is of great importance here. To achieve these goals, several papers have explored the concept of mutual revocation (sometimes termed suicide) wherein the trust value of both the accuser and the accused node are temporarily set to zero without involving a quorum. In this paper we explore a partial mutual revocation approach wherein we design a class of trust update functions to temporarily punish both the accuser and accused node (without involving a quorum) - however, the trust update function does not essentially set their trust values to zero; instead it partially lowers the trust values of both the accuser and the accused. In addition, we allow a trusted authority or a quorum may (periodically) review such partial mutual revocations and update the trust values of the accuser and the accused nodes accordingly (e.g., reward the accuser and punish the accused if the accusation was deemed true). We present a detailed design of the trust update functions for partial mutual revocation. Through both analysis and simulations, we evaluate the effectiveness of partial revocation under different attack strategies and report its performance in terms of revocation immediacy, revocation accuracy and abuse resistance.
Experimental Transmission Power Control Policy for Remote State Estimation in Industrial WSN (2021)

Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks (IWSN) are used as a backbone for Networked Control Systems (NCS). In a wireless NCS, a closed-loop control system periodically delivers the instantaneous state of a physical plant under control to a remote state estimator (RSE) via a wireless channel. The RSE evaluates the state of the plant in order to compute control commands for the actuators. Loss of control packets due to channel interference leads to instability of the system under control. The maximum transmission power can be selected to circumvent this problem, however, it further exacerbates the problem of limited energy resources of the hardware-constrained IWSN transmitters. To overcome this issue, adaptive transmission power control (TPC) policies have to be applied to minimize the power consumption while maintaining the desired RSE distortion. The usage of TPC policies for RSE has been intensively investigated in theory, however, their effectiveness has not been confirmed in a realistic scenario within real IWSN. In this work, an IWSN testbed is deployed and a measurement-based TPC policy is calculated. The policy is evaluated via measurements of a simulated NCS and its performance is compared to fixed power and model-based TPC from the literature. With respect to fixed power, the measurement-based policy leads to an improvement of RSE performance up to 20%, while decreasing the energy consumption. The comparison with the model-based policy shows comparable RSE performance with more than 50% reduction in transmission power.
ChemInform Abstract: Coordination Chemistry and Mechanism of Metal‐Catalyzed C—C Coupling Reactions. Part 11. Heck Reaction Catalyzed by Phosphapalladacycles in Non‐Aqueous Ionic Liquids. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fib3-3 as a Biomarker for Osteoarthritis in a Rat Model with Metabolic Dysregulation (2018)

In the rat groove model combined with high-fat diet-induced metabolic dysregulation an increased Fib3-3 concentration was observed systemically, which is associated with local joint degeneration. This suggests that systemic Fib3-3 concentrations can indicate the status of joint degeneration and function as a biomarker in osteoarthritis.
Minimal residual disease and outcome characteristics in infant KMT2A-germline acute lymphoblastic leukaemia treated on the Interfant-06 protocol (2021)

We conclude that young age at diagnosis and low EOI MRD seem favourable prognostic factors in infants with KMT2A-germline ALL and should be considered for risk stratification in future clinical trials.
Globally Asynchronous, Locally Synchronous Circuits: Overview and Outlook (2007)

For more than 20 years, significant research effort was concentrated on globally asynchronous, locally synchronous (GALS) design methodologies. But despite several successful implementations, GALS has had little impact on industry products. This article presents different GALS techniques and architectures. The authors also analyze the actual challenges and problems for wider adoption of the currently proposed GALS methods. Their analysis shows that significant improvement can be achieved in terms of system integration and EMI reduction. On the other hand, for power savings, only marginal improvements to the existing techniques can be expected. Additionally, introduction of a GALS approach leads to relatively small area increases, and in some cases even causes certain performance losses. The authors present major examples of GALS implementations. Finally, they outline some directions for future development of GALS techniques and their design flow. It is quite clear that the GALS design and test flow must be improved and more automated. Furthermore, the attendant performance degradations must be limited--for example, high data throughput must be ensured through very low hardware overhead for the GALS circuitry.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Benzimidazole‐Fused Heterocycles by Intramolecular Oxidative C—N Bond Formation Using Hypervalent Iodine Reagents. (2012)

Abstract The preparation of title heterocycles is investigated by oxidation of appropriate substrates with hypervalent iodine reagents.
Abstract KN01: Updates on engineered T cells as cancer therapies (2015)

Abstract The field of adoptive cell transfer (ACT) is currently comprised of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR T) and TCR engineered T cells and has emerged from principles of basic immunology to paradigm-shifting clinical immunotherapy. ACT of T cells engineered to express artificial receptors that target cells of choice is an exciting new approach for cancer, and it holds equal promise for chronic infection and autoimmunity. Using principles of synthetic biology, advances in immunology, and genetic engineering have made it possible to generate human T cells that display desired specificities and enhanced functionalities. Clinical trials in patients with advanced B cell leukemias and lymphomas treated with CD19-specific CAR T cells have induced durable remissions in adults and children. The prospects for the widespread availability of engineered T cells have changed dramatically given the recent entry of the pharmaceutical industry to this arena. In this presentation, I will discuss some of the challenges and opportunities that face the field of ACT. References: 1. Maude S, Frey N, Shaw P, Aplenc R, Barrett D, Bunin N, Chew A, Gonzalez V, Zheng Z, Lacey S, Mahnke Y, Melenhorst J, Rheingold S, Shen A, Teachey D, Levine B, June C, Porter D, and Grupp SA. Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells for Sustained Remissions in Leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(16):1507-17. 2. Lee DW, Gardner R, Porter DL, Louis CU, Ahmed N, Jensen M, Grupp SA, and Mackall CL. How I treat: current concepts in the diagnosis and management of cytokine release syndrome. Blood. 2014;124(2):188-95. 3. Rapoport AP, Stadtmauer EA, Binder-Scholl GK, Goloubeva O, Vogl DT, Lacey SF, Badros AZ, Garfall A, Weiss B, Finklestein J, Kulikovskaya I, Sinha SK, Kronsberg S, Gupta M, Bond S, Melchiori L, Brewer JE, Bennett AD, Gerry AB, Pumphrey NJ, Williams D, Tayton-Martin HK, Ribeiro L, Holdich T, Yanovich S, Hardy N, Yared J, Kerr N, Philip S, Westphal S, Siegel DL, Levine BL, Jakobsen BK, Kalos M, and June CH. NY-ESO-1-specific TCR-engineered T cells mediate sustained antigen-specific antitumor effects in myeloma. Nature Medicine. 2015;21(8):914-21. 4. Garfall AL, Maus MV, Hwang WT, Lacey SF, Mahnke YD, Melenhorst JJ, Zheng Z, Vogl DT, Cohen AD, Weiss BM, Dengel K, Kerr ND, Bagg A, Levine BL, June CH, and Stadtmauer EA. Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells against CD19 for Multiple Myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2015;373(11):1040-7. Citation Format: Carl H. June. Updates on engineered T cells as cancer therapies. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2015 Nov 5-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2015;14(12 Suppl 2):Abstract nr KN01.