gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Configurable analog-digital conversion using the neural engineering framework (2014)

Efficient Analog-Digital Converters (ADC) are one of the mainstays of mixed-signal integrated circuit design. Besides the conventional ADCs used in mainstream ICs, there have been various attempts in the past to utilize neuromorphic networks to accomplish an efficient crossing between analog and digital domains, i.e., to build neurally inspired ADCs. Generally, these have suffered from the same problems as conventional ADCs, that is they require high-precision, handcrafted analog circuits and are thus not technology portable. In this paper, we present an ADC based on the Neural Engineering Framework (NEF). It carries out a large fraction of the overall ADC process in the digital domain, i.e., it is easily portable across technologies. The analog-digital conversion takes full advantage of the high degree of parallelism inherent in neuromorphic networks, making for a very scalable ADC. In addition, it has a number of features not commonly found in conventional ADCs, such as a runtime reconfigurability of the ADC sampling rate, resolution and transfer characteristic.
Ultrathin Cross-Linked Perfluoropolyether Film Coatings from Liquid CO2 and Subsequent UV Curing (2010)

Ultrathin fluorinated films with highly solvent-resistant and optically clear characteristics were produced using liquid carbon dioxide free-meniscus coating followed by UV curing. Unique film morphologies including mesh and droplets structures resulted due to autophobic dewetting behavior of hydrophilic terminated perfluoropolyether.
In Vivo Determination of the Dynamics of Normal, Rotator Cuff-Deficient, Total, and Reverse Replacement Shoulders (2005)

Mahfouz, Mohamed PHD; Nicholson, Gregory MD; Komistek, Richard PHD; Hovis, David MD; Kubo, Matthew BS Author Information
A novel molecular imaging probe for differentiating colorectal cancer lesions from inflammatory tissues (2015)

1158 Objectives The development of colorectal cancer (CRC) is a slow process involving chronic inflammatory reactions, angiogenesis and malignant transition. New imaging approaches with specific molecular probes capable of differentiating CRC lesions from inflammatory non-tumor sites are critically needed for early CRC diagnosis. The objective of this study was to exploit the capabilities of a novel 99mTc-labeled molecular imaging probe, 99mTc-TCP-1, which is derived from a small peptide with the amino-acid sequence CTPSPFSHC (TCP-1), for specific CRC imaging in mouse models. Methods 99mTc-TCP-1 was generated by modifying TCP-1 with succinimidyl-6-hydrazino-nicotinamide (S-HYNIC) followed by radiolabeling with 99mTc. Two hrs after radiotracer intravenous injection, 99mTc-TCP-1 SPECT images were acquired in four SCID mice with xenografted human HCT116 colon cancer and another four SCID mice with PC3 prostate cancer. Colorectal SPECT and autoradiographic images of 99mTc-TCP-1 were also acquired in two C57BL/6J mice with orthotopic CRC (mouse CT26 colon cancer cells) and two controls mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. The mice were euthanized for biodistribution measurements and postmortem analyses. Results In subcutaneous cancer xenografts, 99mTc-TCP-1 showed selective targeting in colon cancer (1.21±0.27 %ID/g, n=4) but not in prostate cancer (0.15±0.01 %ID/g, n=4, P Conclusions 99mTc-TCP-1 may have a fundamentally distinct targeting mechanism with high selectivity for CRC cells within the inflammatory colorectal microenvironment. SPECT imaging with 99mTc-TCP-1 appears promising to differentiate malignant colorectal lesions from inflammatory sites without malignancy.
Terpene Conjugates of Diaminedichloridoplatinum(II) Complexes: Antiproliferative Effects in HL‐60 Leukemia, 518A2 Melanoma, and HT‐29 Colon Cancer Cells (2008)

Twenty-eight [6-(aminomethyl)nicotinate]dichloridoplatinum(II) complexes 1 esterified with various terpene alcohols either directly or via alkyl spacers were tested for antiproliferative activity in human 518A2 melanoma and HL-60 leukemia cells. Generally, conjugates with menthanes and polycyclic sesquiterpenes attached via propane-1,2-diyl spacers were most active. In the melanoma cells, the propane-1,2-diyl-spacered conjugates of (-)-menthol (1a(2')), (+)-neomenthol (1b(2')), (-)-carvomenthol (1h(2')), and (-)-isolongifolol (1n(2')) displayed growth inhibition at IC(50)<4 microM which is ten times smaller than that of cisplatin. The stationary diamino ligand was also crucial. The (-)-menthyl ester complexes with 2,3-diaminopropanoate (9a) and 2,4-diaminobutanoate (10a) ligands caused a greater and persistent growth inhibition in HT-29 colon cancer cells upon long-term exposure when compared to the 6-(aminomethyl)nicotinate analogue 1a. The cedrenyl ester 1l and the menthoxyisopropyl ester 1a(2') proved most efficacious in all three tumor cell lines. The DNA binding of complexes 1 was assessed by electrophoretic band-shift experiments and found correlated to the terpene structure but not to the observed antiproliferative activities.
Binding Preferences of the Tribenzylidenemethane Ligand in High-Oxidation-State Tantalum Complexes (1998)

Reaction of Li2(TBM)(TMEDA)2 (TBM = tribenzylidenemethane) with TaMe3Cl2 gives (TBM)TaMe3 (1) in 44% yield. Structural characterization of the (tert-Bu-TBM)TaMe3 derivative 2 shows an eclipsed orientation of the TaMe3 tripod relative to the inner core of the TBM ligand. Treatment of (TBM)TaMe3 with ZnCl2 cleanly replaces one methyl ligand for chloride to give (TBM)TaMe2Cl (3) which is a versatile precursor to (TBM)Ta-based complexes. Addition of LiNPh2 to 3 gives (TBM)TaMe2(NPh2) (4). Structural characterization reveals that both 3 and 4 have eclipsed frameworks. Metallocene-mimics are accessible by reacting LiCp (Cp = C5H5), LiCp* (Cp* = C5Me5), LiCp‘ (Cp‘ = C5H4Me), or LiFlu (Flu = fluorenyl) with 3 to give Cp(TBM)TaMe2 (5), Cp*(TBM)TaMe2 (6), Cp‘(TBM)TaMe2 (7), and Flu(TBM)TaMe2 (8), respectively. The solid-state structures of 5, 7, and 8 display gross molecular geometries similar to those of group 4 metallocenes. Complex 3 reacts with tris(pyrazolylborate) or bis(pyrazolylborate) salts. Thus, [HB(pz)3](TBM)TaMe2 (9), [HB(3,5-Me2-1-pz)3](TBM)TaMe2 (10), and [H2B(pz)2](TBM)TaMe2 (11) are obtained from Na[HB(pz)3], K[HB(3,5-Me2-1-pz)3], and K[H2B(pz)2], respectively. Structural characterization of 9, 10, and 11 shows that TBM can adopt a continuum of bonding modes, from η4 to η2, depending on the steric hindrance around the metal center. The TMM ligand participates in hydrogenation and insertion reactions, indicating that TMM is a weak ancillary ligand. Combining 6, 7, or 8 with MAO results in short-lived ethylene polymerization catalysts. Finally, an electronic description of the model complex (TMM)TaMe3 is developed to account for the eclipsed molecular structures of 1−4. A comparison against the orbital description of staggered (TMM)Fe(CO)3 is also made.
Material and process optimization of correlated electron random access memories (2011)

A method of making transition metal oxide materials that result in resistive switching properties stable over time and temperature is described. We have developed an ultra low temperature (≤450°C) process for carbonyl ligand modified NiO thin films based on the chemical solution deposition (CSD) for correlated electron random access memory (CeRAM) applications. CeRAMs form the general class of devices that use the electron-electron interaction as the primary mode of operation. These devices are fabricated in the conductive state (born-ON), thus, they do not require electroforming to enter the variable resistance state. Several process parameters such as film stoichiometry, thickness, annealing temperature and ambient have been investigated to optimize CeRAMs properties. We present the coordination number ‘fine tuning’ in NiO ultra thin films via carbonyl ligand doping that regulate the number of oxygen vacancies and the surface excess of metal ions. CeRAMs contrary to just standard NiO based resistive memories use the pure Mott-like charge transfer insulator in which an abrupt metal to insulator transition is the dominant mechanism without the aid of charge trapping vacancies. In our films the effect of the oxygen vacancies are canceled due to the stabilizing effect of the carbonyl based extrinsic ligand. In this paper, detailed process sequence and the extrinsic ligand doping scheme is described in some length. It is shown that complexes formed by the introduction of the extrinsic ligand promote Ni2+ ions to enter the disproportionation reaction Ni2+ + Ni2+→Ni1+ + Ni3+ which is considered to be responsible for the memory mechanism.
Front Cover (2020)

The front cover image is based on the Research Article Overexpression of an alternative allele of carboxyl/choline esterase 4 (CCE04) of Tetranychus urticae is associated with high levels of resistance to the keto‐enol acaricide spirodiclofen by Peng Wei et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.5627 . image
Thermal oxidation of InP (1980)

The growth rate and chemical composition of thermally grown oxides on InP in dry oxygen are presented. The oxide is found to grow very slowly below 340 °C and rapidly above this temperature. All the oxides grown in the temperature range 340–450 °C are composed of approximately 70%–75% In2O3 and 25%–30% P2O5. There is also some evidence for low concentrations of another bonding state of phosphorous.
Physical acoustics at 500 GHz: 31 octaves above middle C (1993)

Experiments are described in which the techniques of picosecond optics are used to generate and detect ultrasonic waves at frequencies as high as 500 GHz. The method also provides exceptionally good spatial and temporal resolution, thereby making possible pulse-echo acoustic measurements on a broad range of nanostructures of current technical interest. Examples will be given of results that have been obtained by this approach, and possible future developments will be discussed.
Errata (2015)

In the September 2014 issue of IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 52, no. 9, pp. 78–86, the article “Radio Propagation Path Loss Models for 5G Cellular Networks in the 28 GHz and 38 GHz Millimeter-Wave Bands” (Sulyman, A.I., et al),had two errors. The first error was in the legend of Fig. 1. The legend shows a path loss exponent “nbest = 4.5,” but it should actually show “nbest = 3.7.” The second error was present in Table 1, row 7, starting with “TX Gain (dBi).” The last column shows a “1” when it should actually be “15.”
A 6-month, Multi-center, Double-blind, Controlled Study to Evaluate the Effect of a Biofilm Disrupting Acne Cream on Mild-to-Moderate Facial Acne in Female Volunteer Subjects. (2023)

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03106766.
Stochastic Optimally Tuned Range-Separated Hybrid Density Functional Theory (2015)

We develop a stochastic formulation of the optimally tuned range-separated hybrid density functional theory that enables significant reduction of the computational effort and scaling of the nonlocal exchange operator at the price of introducing a controllable statistical error. Our method is based on stochastic representations of the Coulomb convolution integral and of the generalized Kohn-Sham density matrix. The computational cost of the approach is similar to that of usual Kohn-Sham density functional theory, yet it provides a much more accurate description of the quasiparticle energies for the frontier orbitals. This is illustrated for a series of silicon nanocrystals up to sizes exceeding 3000 electrons. Comparison with the stochastic GW many-body perturbation technique indicates excellent agreement for the fundamental band gap energies, good agreement for the band edge quasiparticle excitations, and very low statistical errors in the total energy for large systems. The present approach has a major advantage over one-shot GW by providing a self-consistent Hamiltonian that is central for additional postprocessing, for example, in the stochastic Bethe-Salpeter approach.
SANGRIA: one-Shot leArNinG super-ResolutIon with Adversarial training for accelerated Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2022)

International audience
Nonlinear characterization of robust multimaterial chalcogenide nanotapers for infrared supercontinuum generation (2014)

We present the results of an investigation of the nonlinear characteristics of a new class of robust, multimaterial, all-solid chalcogenide nanotapers prepared from high-index-contrast chalcogenide fibers. The fiber is drawn from a preform produced by multimaterial coextrusion and consists of chalcogenide core and cladding (which dictate the optical properties) and a built-in thermally compatible polymer jacket that provides mechanical stability to the fibers and nanotapers. We measure the nonlinear refractive indices both in the bulk chalcogenide glasses using the Z-scan method and directly in the nanotapers from spectral broadening resulting from self-phase modulation using both picosecond and femtosecond pulses. Such robust nanotapers offer many opportunities for dispersion engineering to optimize nonlinear optical fiber applications such as infrared supercontinuum generation. Low-power femtosecond pulses (similar to 100 W peak power, corresponding to similar to 40 pJ energy per pulse) centered at 1.55 mu m wavelength launched into the nanotapers generated a supercontinuum extending over a full spectral octave, 1-2 mu m. A computational model that takes into account the relevant linear and nonlinear optical parameters provides simulations that are in good agreement with the supercontinuum measurements. (C) 2014 Optical Society of America
Deficiency of the oxygen sensor prolyl hydroxylase 1 attenuates hypercholesterolaemia, atherosclerosis, and hyperglycaemia (2016)

Overall, PHD1 knockout mice display a metabolic phenotype that generally is deemed protective for cardiovascular disease. Future studies should focus on the efficacy, safety, and gender-specific effects of PHD1 inhibition in humans, and unravel the molecular actors responsible for PHD1-driven, likely intestinal, and regulation of cholesterol metabolism.
Thermal Analysis of Large Area Additive Manufacturing Resistance Heating Composites for Out of Oven/Autoclave Applications (2020)

Abstract Additive Manufacturing (AM) of carbon fiber (CF) reinforced composite has received growing attention because of the design flexibility, superior mechanical properties, improved thermal properties, and weight reduction. Autoclave tooling was proven to be a successful application for large scale AM technology. The capital cost, and cost associated with heating, and cycle time in a conventional autoclave process is relatively high. Thus, an innovative design of AM mold with an efficient heating scheme is essential. This study represents an innovative method of the resistive heating of composite molds which does not require a room size oven for heating during the curing processing. Therefore, it has the potential to reduce the operating cost drastically. For the design validation and feasibility study, we performed a numerical analysis of the wire embedded and AM mold parts. The goal of this study is to determine and optimize the thermal behavior of the printed mold with embedded wire technology. It is anticipated that the larger distance between the embedded wires along the printing direction (z-direction) increase the cold spot, on the other hand, a close distance of the wire can create the unwanted localize heating, thus melting. Constant thermal properties of the 20 wt.% short CF reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) was used for the simulation purpose. Thermal characterization was set to 100°C to avoid the thermal deformation or bulging on the part surface.
CD47 blockade augmentation of trastuzumab antitumor efficacy dependent on antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (2019)

The HER2-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb), trastuzumab, has been the mainstay of therapy for HER2+ breast cancer (BC) for approximately 20 years. However, its therapeutic mechanism of action (MOA) remains unclear, with antitumor responses to trastuzumab remaining heterogeneous and metastatic HER2+ BC remaining incurable. Consequently, understanding its MOA could enable rational strategies to enhance its efficacy. Using both murine and human versions of trastuzumab, we found its antitumor activity dependent on Fcγ receptor stimulation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), but not cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Trastuzumab also stimulated TAM activation and expansion, but did not require adaptive immunity, natural killer cells, and/or neutrophils. Moreover, inhibition of the innate immune ADCP checkpoint, CD47, significantly enhanced trastuzumab-mediated ADCP and TAM expansion and activation, resulting in the emergence of a unique hyperphagocytic macrophage population, improved antitumor responses, and prolonged survival. In addition, we found that tumor-associated CD47 expression was inversely associated with survival in HER2+ BC patients and that human HER2+ BC xenografts treated with trastuzumab plus CD47 inhibition underwent complete tumor regression. Collectively, our study identifies trastuzumab-mediated ADCP as an important antitumor MOA that may be clinically enabled by CD47 blockade to augment therapeutic efficacy.
Global Phase Diagram of Water Confined on the Nanometer Scale (2010)

Water confined on the nanometer scale exhibits unusual behavior that cannot be observed in the bulk. The freezing/melting temperature T m of liquids is one of the most prominent phenomena that strongly depend on geometrical confinement. In this work, we report the phase behaviors of water in a cylindrical pore of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). Previous studies [Maniwa et al. : Chem. Phys. Lett. 401 (2005) 534] of SWCNTs with diameters D from 1.17 to 1.45 nm clarified that water shows a liquid-to-solid like transition with decreasing temperature. In the present work, we increased the diameter to D =2.4 nm to establish the global phase diagram of water. Employing a combination of X-ray diffraction and NMR experiments, we found that water within an SWCNT undergoes a wet–dry transition instead of ice formation once D exceeds about 1.6 nm.
Cerebral hypoperfusion is a late pathological event in the course of Alzheimer's disease (2021)

Although several studies have shown decreased cerebral blood flow (CBF) in Alzheimer's disease (AD), the role of hypoperfusion in the disease pathogenesis remains unclear. Combining arterial spin labeling MRI, positron emission tomography, and biomarkers of cerebrospinal fluid, we investigated the associations between CBF and the key mechanisms in AD including amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau pathology, synaptic dysfunction and axonal degeneration. Further, we applied a disease progression modeling to characterize the temporal sequence of different AD biomarkers. Lower perfusion was observed in the temporo-occipito-parietal regions in the Aβ-positive cognitively impaired compared to both the Aβ-positive and Aβ-negative cognitively unimpaired individuals. In participants along the AD spectrum (those with Aβ pathology regardless of their cognitive status), CBF was inversely associated with tau and synaptic dysfunction, but not Aβ in similar cortical regions. Moreover, the disease progression modeling revealed that CBF disruption followed the abnormality of biomarkers of Aβ, tau and brain atrophy. These findings indicate that tau tangles and synaptic degeneration are more closely connected with CBF changes rather than Aβ pathology. This supports the notion that hypoperfusion is not an early event associated with the build-up of Aβ during the preclinical phase of AD.
Recombinant human Clara cell secretory protein in acute lung injury of the rabbit: Effect of route of administration (2005)

Both intravenous and intratracheal rhCC 10 delivery, after surfactant therapy, effectively decrease lung inflammation vs. surfactant alone. While supporting the physiologic profile, intratracheal instillation results in greater, maintained lung and plasma rhCC 10 pools compared with intravenous administration. As such, intratracheal instillation of rhCC 10 may afford more prolonged protection against lung inflammation than intravenous administration.
Loudspeaker Cabinet Edge Diffraction (1989)

The theory of geometric optical diffraction has been used to investigate the effects of sound diffraction at the edge of a loudspeaker cabinet. The asymptotic assumption of the optical theory is examined by the use of the finite-element method. Comparisons are made between the two different methods, indicating the accuracy of the optical method for perpendicular incidence of the sound wave
Somatostatin venom analogs evolved by fish-hunting cone snails: From prey capture behavior to identifying drug leads (2021)

Abstract Somatostatin (SS) is a peptide hormone with diverse physiological roles. By investigating a deep-water clade of fish-hunting cone snails, we show that predator-prey evolution has generated a diverse set of SS analogs, each optimized to elicit specific systemic physiological effects in prey. The increased metabolic stability, distinct SS receptor activation profiles, and chemical diversity of the venom analogs make them suitable leads for therapeutic application, including pain, cancer and endocrine disorders. Our findings not only establish the existence of SS-like peptides in animal venoms, but also serve as a model for the synergy gained from combining molecular phylogenetics and behavioral observations to optimize the discovery of natural products with biomedical potential. One Sentence Summary Somatostatin drug design by fish-hunting cone snails
Enzyme-Labelled Immunoassay for Plasma Cortisol (1977)

An enzyme-labelled immunoassay for plasma cortisol was developed. For this alkaline-phosphatase was conjugated through 21-hemisuccinate of cortisol using water-soluble carbodiimide. An antibody was raised in rabbits against corisol-21-hemisuccinate bovine serum albumin. Before assay 10 mul samples of plasma were mixed with glutamate buffer, pH 3.3, and boiled to denature endogenous cortisol-binding globulin and alkaline-phosphatase. Separation of "bound and free" cortisol was done by the double antibody method. A linear relationship was obtained between the volume of plasma and the amount of cortisol. The minimal detectable level of plasma cortisol was 1 mug/dl and the coefficients of variation were 2.7%-4.4% (within assays) and 4.7%-6.0% (between assays). Cortisol values determined by the present method correlated well with those determined by radioimmunoassay. The present method of enzyme-labelled immunoassay is suitable for routine clinical analysis of plasma cortisol.
Parasitic Capacitance Analytical Model for Sub-7-nm Multigate Devices (2015)

In this paper, we propose an analytical model to accurately evaluate the parasitic capacitances of an advanced 7-nm-node multigate device structure: 1) FinFET on Silicon On Insulator (SOI) (FFSOI) and 2) stacked nanowire on SOI (SNWSOI). Our model, validated through 3-D TCAD simulations, accounts for gate contact, advanced process bricks, such as gate last, BAR contact, and low-$k$ spacer, but also multilayer dielectric by introducing an equivalent permittivity. Finally, FFSOI and SNWSOI architectures are compared from this parasitic capacitance point of view.
Mesoscale Convective Systems as a source of electromagnetic signalsregistered by ground-based system and DEMETER satellite (2020)

Abstract. Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCS) are especially visible in the summertime, when there is an advection of warm maritime air from the West. Advection of air masses is enriched by water vapour, which source can be found over the Mediterranean Sea. In propitious atmospheric conditions, thus significant convection, atmospheric instability or strong vertical thermal gradient, lead to the development of strong thunderstorm systems. In this paper we discuss one case of MCS, which generated a significant amount of +CG, -CG and IC discharges. We have focused on the ELF (Extremely Low Frequencies,