gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Decreasing the inner working angle in high-contrast imaging by pupil replication (2006)

Imaging for exo-planet detection requires both high contrast and a small inner working angle. We show that, for several of the techniques proposed so far to achieve this, the inner working angle can be reduced by adding pupil replication between the telescope and the high contrast imaging system. Using pupil replication, the on-axis image of the star is decreased to a size smaller than the diffraction limit of the telescope, and off axis the point spread function of the planet undergoes minor changes, contained within the envelope of the point spread function of the telescope; the spectrum remains unchanged. The principle of pupil replication was proven experimentally and can be effected by a small-sized, high throughput optical system added between the telescope and the high contrast imaging system. High contrast imaging systems to which pupil replication has been found to be applicable so far include apodisation techniques like pupil apodisation, aperture masks, image plane masks, coronagraphs and combinations. Mathematical assessment and simulations of the sensitivity of pupil replication to optical errors show that the requirements for this system are the same as those for the primary telescope - pupil replication effectively remaps the output pupil of the telescope to the input pupil of the high contrast imaging system. Our results in this paper aim to show, in a realistic set-up, the feasibility of an improvement of the inner working angle by a factor of 4 using four-fold replication optics while maintaining the contrast performance. We do this through analysis of the pupil replication principle including off axis behavior when applied to high contrast imaging systems using pupil apodisation or a shaped mask. We specifically look at the situations similar to that of the Terrestrial Planet Finder Coronagraph and Darwin. We found that an inner working angle of 30 mas can be achieved with a contrast of 10<sup>-10 </sup>and a large field of view without increasing the requirements except for the pointing.
High-Entropy-Alloy Nanocrystal Based Macro- and Mesoporous Materials (2022)

High-entropy-alloy (HEA) nanoparticles are attractive for several applications in catalysis and energy. Great efforts are currently devoted to establish composition-property relationships to improve catalytic activity or selectivity. Equally importantly, developing practical fabrication methods for shaping HEA-based materials into complex architectures is a key requirement for their utilization in catalysis. However, shaping nano-HEAs into hierarchical structures avoiding demixing or collapse remains a great challenge. Herein, we overcome this issue by introducing a simple soft-chemistry route to fabricate ordered macro- and mesoporous materials based on HEA nanoparticles, with high surface area, thermal stability, and catalytic activity toward CO oxidation. The process is based on spray-drying from an aqueous solution containing five different noble metal precursors and polymer latex beads. Upon annealing, the polymer plays a double role: templating and reducing agent enabling formation of HEA nanoparticle-based porous networks at only 350 °C. The formation mechanism and the stability of the macro- and mesoporous materials were investigated by a set of <i>in situ</i> characterization techniques; notably, <i>in situ</i> transmission electron microscopy unveiled that the porous structure is stable up to 800 °C. Importantly, this process is green, scalable, and versatile and could be potentially extended to other classes of HEA materials.
Distinct functional properties of native somatostatin receptor subtype 5 compared with subtype 2 in the regulation of ACTH release by corticotroph tumor cells (2005)

In a series of human corticotroph adenomas, we recently found predominant mRNA expression of somatostatin (SS) receptor subtype 5 (sst5). After 72 h, the multiligand SS analog SOM230, which has a very high sst5 binding affinity, but not Octreotide (OCT), significantly inhibited basal ACTH release. To further explore the role of sst5 in the regulation of ACTH release, we conducted additional studies with mouse AtT-20 cells. SOM230 showed a 7-fold higher ligand binding affinity and a 19-fold higher potency in stimulating guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) binding in AtT-20 cell membranes compared with OCT. SOM230 potently suppressed CRH-induced ACTH release, which was not affected by 48-h dexamethasone (DEX) pretreatment. However, DEX attenuated the inhibitory effects of OCT on ACTH release, whereas it increased the inhibitory potency of BIM-23268, an sst5-specific analog, on ACTH release. Quantitative PCR analysis showed that DEX lowered sst(2A+2B) mRNA expression significantly after 24 and 48 h, whereas sst5 mRNA levels were not significantly affected by DEX treatment. Moreover, Scatchard analyses showed that DEX suppressed maximum binding capacity (B(max)) by 72% when 125I-Tyr3-labeled OCT was used as radioligand, whereas B(max) declined only by 17% when AtT-20 cells were treated with [125I-Tyr11]SS-14. These data suggest that the sst5 protein, compared with sst2, is more resistant to glucocorticoids. Finally, after SS analog preincubation, compared with OCT both SOM230 and BIM-23268 showed a significantly higher inhibitory effect on CRH-induced ACTH release. In conclusion, our data support the concept that the sst5 receptor might be a target for new therapeutic agents to treat Cushing's disease.
Supplementary Legends for Figures 1-3, Table 1 from Targeting CD4<sup>+</sup> T-Helper Cells Improves the Induction of Antitumor Responses in Dendritic Cell–Based Vaccination (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 43K&lt;/p&gt;
4.0-inch Active-Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode Display Integrated with Driver Circuits Using Amorphous In–Ga–Zn-Oxide Thin-Film Transistors with Suppressed Variation (2010)

We have newly developed a 4.0-in. quarter video graphics array (QVGA) active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) display integrated with gate and source driver circuits using amorphous In–Ga–Zn-oxide (IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs). Focusing on a passivation layer in an inverted staggered bottom gate structure, the threshold voltage of the TFTs can be controlled to have “normally-off” characteristics with suppressed variation by using a SiO x layer formed by sputtering with a low hydrogen content. In addition, small subthreshold swing S / S of 0.19 V/decade, high field-effect mobility µ FE of 11.5 cm 2 V -1 s -1 , and threshold voltage V th of 1.27 V are achieved. The deposition conditions of the passivation layer and other processes are optimized, and variation in TFT characteristics is suppressed, whereby high-speed operation in gate and source driver circuits can be achieved. Using these driver circuits, the 4.0-in. QVGA AMOLED display integrated with driver circuits can be realized.
Nanofluidic tuning of photonic crystal circuits (2006)

By integrating soft-lithography-based nanofluidics with silicon nanophotonics, we demonstrate dynamic, liquid-based addressing and high deltan/n (approximately 0.1) refractive index modulation of individual features within photonic structures at subwavelength length scales. We show ultracompact tunable spectral filtering through nanofluidic targeting of a single row of holes within a planar photonic crystal. We accomplished this with an optofluidic integration architecture comprising a nanophotonic layer, a nanofluidic delivery structure, and a microfluidic control engine. Variants of this technique could enable dynamic reconfiguration of photonic circuits, selective introduction of optical nonlinearities, or delivery of single molecules into resonant cavities for biodetection.
DDAP: docking domain affinity and biosynthetic pathway prediction tool for type I polyketide synthases (2019)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Global cerebrospinal fluid as a zero‐reference regularization for brain quantitative susceptibility mapping (2021)

The proposed whole brain CSF method for QSM zero referencing improves repeatability and image quality of brain QSM compared to the ventricular CSF method.
Hierarchical fusion in particle filtering track-before-detect (2016)

Track fusion is the problem of combining tracks based on different sensor observations. In the sequential Monte Carlo framework, track fusion is solved by either imposing linear or Gaussian assumptions, or relying on kernel density estimation (KDE). In this paper, we introduce a novel track fusion algorithm suited to the hierarchical multi-sensor architecture. The algorithm can be incorporated in the particle filtering framework without restricting the densities by imposing assumptions, or requiring the non-trivial selection of additional parameters, as e.g., is needed in KDE. Furthermore, the proposed method is equivalent to the optimal centralised fusion architecture, in which all sensor measurements are communicated to the fusion node. Numerical results show that the newly proposed method outperforms the existing methods either by reducing estimation errors or by reducing the computation time significantly.
Conception d'une antenne de tags UHF passifs (2007)

International audience
Whisper (2023)

The epoch-making proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) networks in recent years has brought connectivity to homes, cities, farms, and many other industries. ISM bands are accommodating most of these networks around the world. However, our experience from several global deployments has shown that such networks are bottlenecked by communication range and bandwidth. With these IoT deployment constraints in mind, we propose a new connectivity solution, Whisper [1], where IoT devices can opportunistically transmit data in the TV White Space (TVWS) spectrum, while protecting incumbents from receiving harmful interference.
Submicrometer-wide amorphous and polycrystalline anatase TiO_2 waveguides for microphotonic devices (2012)

We demonstrate amorphous and polycrystalline anatase TiO(2) thin films and submicrometer-wide waveguides with promising optical properties for microphotonic devices. We deposit both amorphous and polycrystalline anatase TiO(2) using reactive sputtering and define waveguides using electron-beam lithography and reactive ion etching. For the amorphous TiO(2), we obtain propagation losses of 0.12 ± 0.02 dB/mm at 633 nm and 0.04 ± 0.01 dB/mm at 1550 nm in thin films and 2.6 ± 0.5 dB/mm at 633 nm and 0.4 ± 0.2 dB/mm at 1550 nm in waveguides. Using single-mode amorphous TiO(2) waveguides, we characterize microphotonic features including microbends and optical couplers. We show transmission of 780-nm light through microbends having radii down to 2 μm and variable signal splitting in microphotonic couplers with coupling lengths of 10 μm.
“Our Debt to Lamb” (2019)

This chapter considers Charles Lamb's deviation from eighteenth-century social and literary conventions. It reads together Lamb's tactful persona of <italic>Elia</italic> with his fellow essayists and contemporaneous debates about social change. Here, tact is a product of the modern city: never before had so many different people lived in such close proximity to one another, in a situation that required new forms of relating to difference and a reform of established, absolutist systems of status evaluation. Lamb's essays resist coercive claims to truth, keep meaning on the move, and preserve desire and possibility within social relations. Elia's language makes use of the possibilities of the essay form in order to provide the conditions for a phenomenology of tactful relation, a virtual reality, or what Lamb calls “illusion:” the cultivation of a neutral and impersonal space existing between people.
Precise Modal Decomposition in Multimode Optical Fibers by Maximizing the Sum of Modal Power Weights (2008)

We determine accurate modal power weights of the optical field in multimode fibers without precise knowledge of fiber or imaging system parameters by maximizing the sum of modal power weights. Experimental results will be reported.
Session details: Interconnect noise avoidance methodologies & slew rate prediction (2003)

No abstract available.
Supplementary Tables S1-S4 from Genetic and Pharmacological Screens Converge in Identifying FLIP, BCL2, and IAP Proteins as Key Regulators of Sensitivity to the TRAIL-Inducing Anticancer Agent ONC201/TIC10 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Tables S1-S4. Kinase regulators of ONC201 sensitivity (S1); Validation of kinase regulators of ONC201 sensitivity (S2); ONC201 and sorafenib combinatorial activity in HCC and RCC (S3); Combination indices for ONC201 and sorafenib activity (S4).&lt;/p&gt;
Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Ultrasound Fusion Biopsy Detect Prostate Cancer in Patients with Prior Negative Transrectal Ultrasound Biopsies (2012)

Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging with a magnetic resonance imaging/ultrasound fusion biopsy platform is a novel diagnostic tool for detecting prostate cancer and may be ideally suited for patients with negative transrectal ultrasound biopsies in the face of a persistent clinical suspicion for cancer.
Measurement of the pupil responses induced by RGB flickering stimuli (2015)

The big changes in indoor illumination caused by the introduction of LED-based devices may have effects on the health and well-being of the persons that are still under study. From the point of view of flicker, these changes further highlight the inadequacy of the current international standard. With the aim of providing a contribution to a matter that involves several scientific disciplines, new results on pupil responses induced by RGB flickering stimuli are presentedin this paper. Tests on volunteers have been performed to evaluate the inter- and intra-subject variability of pupil responses induced by the above stimuli.An instrument formerly developed (and described in previous paper) has been usedto investigate the pupil response. The results of this extensive measurement campaign are presented and discussed.
Granulocyte Transfusion Therapy for Treatment of Infections after Cytotoxic Chemotherapy (2003)

Opportunistic fungal infections and antibiotic-refractory bacterial infections remain important causes of morbidity and mortality in neutropenic individuals. Furthermore, the expanding use of dose-intensive cancer treatment strategies has increased the frequency of prolonged neutropenia. Therefore, the transfusion of granulocytes should be a logical therapeutic approach. Substantial progress has been made in the field of granulocyte transfusion therapy during the past decade. Interest in granulocyte transfusion therapy has been rekindled by both the use of hematopoietic growth factors to mobilize neutrophils and modern leukapheresis techniques. Moreover, promising results were observed in the use of community donors and in granulocyte storage experiments, which could enhance the ability of blood banks for institution of granulocyte concentrates. Recent clinical trials suggest that granulocyte transfusion therapy may be effective and well-tolerated in the neutropenic patient affected by life-threatening infections. These results must be confirmed in controlled, clinical trials.
Measurements of differential and double-differential Drell–Yan cross sections in proton–proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 8$$ s = 8 $$\,\text {TeV}$$ TeV (2015)

Measurements of the differential and double-differential Drell-Yan cross sections in the dielectron and dimuon channels are presented. They are based on proton-proton collision data at [Formula: see text] recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7[Formula: see text]. The measured inclusive cross section in the [Formula: see text] peak region (60-120[Formula: see text]), obtained from the combination of the dielectron and dimuon channels, is [Formula: see text], where the statistical uncertainty is negligible. The differential cross section [Formula: see text] in the dilepton mass range 15-2000[Formula: see text] is measured and corrected to the full phase space. The double-differential cross section [Formula: see text] is also measured over the mass range 20 to 1500[Formula: see text] and absolute dilepton rapidity from 0 to 2.4. In addition, the ratios of the normalized differential cross sections measured at [Formula: see text] and 8[Formula: see text] are presented. These measurements are compared to the predictions of perturbative QCD at next-to-leading and next-to-next-to-leading (NNLO) orders using various sets of parton distribution functions (PDFs). The results agree with the NNLO theoretical predictions computed with fewz 3.1 using the CT10 NNLO and NNPDF2.1 NNLO PDFs. The measured double-differential cross section and ratio of normalized differential cross sections are sufficiently precise to constrain the proton PDFs.
Bacteriophage resistance in Escherichia coli K-12: general pattern of resistance (1975)

Resistant mutants were isolated to 42 virulent bacteriophages in one strain of Escherichia coli K-12 and tested for resistance or sensitivity to a set of 56 bacteriophages. Most of the mutants fell into 11 groups with respect to their resistance patterns. It was possible to classify the bacteriophages broadly, according to the variety of mutants that were resistant to them.
Dynamic mechanical properties of some novel ionene polymers (1975)

Abstract Novel ionic polymers of the type magnified image x,y ‐oxyethylene ionenes ( x,y ‐OEI), have been synthesized, for x and y varying from 2 to 5. The 2,2‐, 2,3‐, 2,4‐, and 3,3‐OEI are crystalline; the 3,4‐, 4,4‐, 4,5‐, and 5,5‐OEI are amorphous. The temperature dependence of the dynamic mechanical properties of these polymers, studied by torsional braid analysis over a temperature range from −170° to +150°C, shows two types of dispersion in each polymer. The dispersions lying between −6° and +90°C appear to be primary dispersions due to the amorphous phase. The dispersions between −110° and 0°C, on the other hand, are attributed to local modes. The temperature of the primary dispersion depends linearly on the charge density along the main chains of the polymer. However, the dependence of the local mode dispersion temperature on the charge density shows no regular pattern. Both dispersions are greatly influenced by the presence of absorbed water. Measurements of T g at various water contents reveal the existence of abnormal plasticizing effects by water.
Magnitude and limits of the spherical meniscus associated with liquid rising in a capillary tube (2021)

In this theoretical work, the meniscus that forms during capillary rise is analyzed. The absolute volume of the meniscus is anticipated to depend weakly on wettability and strongly on tube diameter. For liquids that have fully risen, the contribution of the meniscus to the overall volume appears to be negligible for most liquids if the inner tube diameter is less than one millimeter. Sphericity of the meniscus is expected to break down for tube diameters greater than a few millimeters.
New methods & non-linear measurements for active differential devices (2003)

This paper presents new results for nonlinear measurements of active differential devices based on a novel source system. The system provides both true-differential and common-mode stimulus for CW and modulated RF signals, and presents results of non-linear operation of differential devices driven with such signals, which are compared with the same devices driven at the same levels using single ended drive and calculating the differential response. A remarkable result is that the latter method performs very well for devices having common-to-differential isolation.
Style Spectroscope: Improve Interpretability and Controllability through Fourier Analysis (2022)

Universal style transfer (UST) infuses styles from arbitrary reference images into content images. Existing methods, while enjoying many practical successes, are unable of explaining experimental observations, including different performances of UST algorithms in preserving the spatial structure of content images. In addition, methods are limited to cumbersome global controls on stylization, so that they require additional spatial masks for desired stylization. In this work, we provide a systematic Fourier analysis on a general framework for UST. We present an equivalent form of the framework in the frequency domain. The form implies that existing algorithms treat all frequency components and pixels of feature maps equally, except for the zero-frequency component. We connect Fourier amplitude and phase with Gram matrices and a content reconstruction loss in style transfer, respectively. Based on such equivalence and connections, we can thus interpret different structure preservation behaviors between algorithms with Fourier phase. Given the interpretations we have, we propose two manipulations in practice for structure preservation and desired stylization. Both qualitative and quantitative experiments demonstrate the competitive performance of our method against the state-of-the-art methods. We also conduct experiments to demonstrate (1) the abovementioned equivalence, (2) the interpretability based on Fourier amplitude and phase and (3) the controllability associated with frequency components.
System aspects of the 3GPP evolution towards enhanced voice services (2015)

The Enhanced Voice Services (EVS) codec was standardized by 3GPP in 2014. This codec offers significant gains in voice quality, efficiency, channel error robustness over any other existing speech codec and far better music quality. Operators run voice services on a large installed base of 3GPP Circuit-Switched (CS) 2G (GERAN) or 3G (UTRAN) radio networks. These networks offer mobile voice service either as HD voice using the AMR-WB codec, or as traditional narrowband (NB) voice service, based on the AMR codec. Voice over LTE (VoLTE) is currently being deployed throughout the world with HD Voice. The EVS codec will be first introduced as a straightforward VoLTE upgrade. It is also expected that EVS will be deployed over 3G CS networks. This paper describes system aspects relating to EVS codec introduction in VoLTE and CS networks as well as interworking and mobility with legacy systems and services.
Comparing FPGA vs. custom cmos and the impact on processor microarchitecture (2011)

As soft processors are increasingly used in diverse applications, there is a need to evolve their microarchitectures in a way that suits the FPGA implementation substrate. This paper compares the delay and area of a comprehensive set of processor building block circuits when implemented on custom CMOS and FPGA substrates. We then use the results of these comparisons to infer how the microarchitecture of soft processors on FPGAs should be different from hard processors on custom CMOS.
Bifunctional Acid–Base Ionic Liquid Organocatalysts with a Controlled Distance Between Acid and Base Sites (2009)

Bifunctional acid-base ionic liquid organocatalysts with different distances between the two sites have been synthesised, and their activity for the Knoevenagel condensation has been tested. As has been found to be the case with enzymes, the distance between the acidic and basic sites determines the activity of the bifunctional organocatalyst, and at the optimal distance the reaction rate increases by two orders of magnitude with respect to the purely acidic or basic counterpart organocatalysts. The experimental results have been rationalised through the study of the reaction mechanism of the Knoevenagel condensation between malononitrile and benzaldehyde by means of DFT calculations. It has been found that it consists of two consecutive steps. First, deprotonation of malononitrile on the basic site to obtain a methylene carbanion intermediate takes place, and second, co-adsorption and activation of benzaldehyde on the acid centre of this intermediate followed by the C-C bond-formation reaction. The calculations and the kinetic study indicate that there is an inversion of the rate-controlling step when the distance between the acidic and the basic sites is modified, with a direct implication on the reaction rate.