gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of temperature on atom transfer cyclization reactions of allylic .alpha.-iodo esters and amides (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffects of temperature on atom transfer cyclization reactions of allylic .alpha.-iodo esters and amidesDennis P. Curran and John TamineCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 8, 2746–2750Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00008a032https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00008a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1485Altmetric-Citations173LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Essential Role of Spinel ZnFe2O4 Surfaces during Lithiation (2018)

Spinel zinc ferrite (ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) is a well-known anode material in lithium ion batteries (LIBs) because of its large theoretical capacity. However, the high potentials observed at the initial stage of lithiation cannot be captured using a model of Li<sup>+</sup> intercalation into the stoichiometric ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> bulk. Here, using density functional theory, we report for the first time that the ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> surfaces are responsible for the measured initial potentials. Among the three identified stable surfaces, ZnFeO<sub>2</sub>-terminated ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>(1 1 0), O-terminated ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>(1 1 1), and Zn-terminated ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>(1 1 1), both (1 1 1) surfaces display higher lithiation potentials than the (1 1 0) surface, and the estimated potentials based on Zn-terminated (1 1 1) fit well with the experimental observations, whereas using the models based on ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>(1 1 0) and previously ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> bulk, the estimated potentials are much lower. In terms of Li<sup>+</sup> diffusion, the Zn-terminated ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>(1 1 1) surface is the most active, where the energetically favorable saturation of Li<sup>+</sup> on the surface is able to facilitate the process. Our results provide a new strategy for the design of LIB materials, via controlling the particle shape and the associated surface characteristics, thus enhancing the discharging performance.
Genetic encoding of targeted MRI contrast agents for in vivo tumor imaging (2019)

Abstract Tumor-selective contrast agents have the potential to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer using noninvasive imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Such contrast agents can consist of magnetic nanoparticles incorporating functionalities that respond to cues specific to tumor environments. Genetically engineering magnetotactic bacteria to display peptides has been investigated as a means to produce contrast agents that combine the robust image contrast effects of magnetosomes with transgenic targeting peptides displayed on their surface. This work reports the first use of magnetic nanoparticles that display genetically-encoded pH low insertion peptide (pHLIP), a long peptide intended to enhance MRI contrast by targeting the extracellular acidity associated with the tumors. To demonstrate the modularity of this versatile platform to incorporate diverse targeting ligands by genetic engineering, we also incorporated the cyclic αv integrin-binding peptide iRGD into separate magnetosomes. Specifically, we investigate their potential for enhanced binding and tumor imaging both in vitro and in vivo . Our experiments indicate that these tailored magnetosomes retain their magnetic properties, making them well-suited as T2 contrast agents, while exhibiting increased binding compared to wild-type magnetosomes.
Molecular analysis of presentation by HLA-A2.1 of a promiscuously binding V3 loop peptide from the HIV-1 envelope protein to human cytotoxic T lymphocytes (1996)

P18(IIIB) is a highly immunogenic peptide from the V3 loop of the HIV-1 gp160 envelope protein that is presented promiscuously by multiple class I MHC molecules. Understanding the molecular basis for promiscuous presentation may have many practical applications. As the highly prevalent HLA-A2.1 class I molecule is known to present P18(IIIB) for recognition by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) found in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HIV+ donors, a P18(IIIB)-specific CTL line was generated from and HLA-A2(+), HIV- donor in order to define the molecular basis for, and ultimately improve upon the binding of, this peptide to HLA-A2.1. The minimal epitope recognized by the line was a decamer, I10, with the sequence RGPGRAFVTI. Interestingly, this decamer is identical to the minimal epitope from P18(IIIB) seen by murine CTL restricted by H-2Dd. A panel of Ala-substituted peptides was employed in MHC-binding and T cell response studies to identify MHC- and TCR-binding residues. Notably, many of the agretopic and epitopic residues identified were identical to those involved in the corresponding interactions of I10 with the H-2Dd MHC molecule and murine I10-specific CTL. The I10 peptide does not contain the described HLA-A2.1 binding motif. Instead a Pro at P3, a Phe at P7 and an Ile at P10 are utilized for MHC binding. Agretopic residue similarities with the hepatitis B nucleocapsid decamer suggest that these residues may comprise an alternative motif of anchors utilized by decamers for binding to HLA-A2.1.
Design and synthesis of modified deoxynucleosides, site specifically damaged oligonucleotides, and repair inhibiting chemotherapeutic agents (1994)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemistry, 1994.
Reversible colorimetric switching of thiophene hydrazone based on complementary IMP/INH logic functions (2010)

We have synthesized a thiophene hydrazone (receptor 1) that acts as a colorimetric receptor showing a reversible color switching (ON and OFF) function induced by anion and cation recognition. This remarkable color switching is based on two-input complementary IMP/INH logic functions. The (ON and OFF) process of this molecular switch is triggered by an anion (CH3COO−, C6H5COO−, HCOO−, H2PO4− or F−), while it is quenched by any one MII ion of 3d (d5–d10) as well as CdII and HgII. A DMSO solution of receptor 1 underwent a bathochromic shift from 407 to 505 nm upon adding any one of the above-mentioned anions, while switch OFF was achieved by the addition of any one of the above-mentioned cations to regenerate a band at 407 nm.
2016 Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals GRC/GRS (2016)

Final Conference Program & Registration List
In vitro induction of CD8 expression on thymic pre-T cells. I. Transforming growth factor-beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha induce CD8 expression on CD8- thymic subsets including the CD25+CD3-CD4-CD8- pre-T cell subset (1992)

We previously reported that IL-7 maintains the viability and differentiation potential of CD25 (IL-2R p55) positive CD3-CD4-CD8- thymic pre-T cells in vitro. This culture system is suitable for studying signals that regulate differentiation of T cell precursors in the thymus. In this study, we screened cytokines for their capacity to induce CD4 or CD8 in murine thymic pre-T cells cultured with IL-7. Of 15 cytokines tested, only transforming growth factor (TGF-beta) and TNF-alpha induced CD8 (Lyt-2), while no cytokine was able to induce CD4 on CD25+CD3-CD4-CD8- thymocytes. The combination of TGF-beta and TNF-alpha was synergistic, and the majority of cells recovered after 2 to 3 days in culture expressed CD8 (but not CD3 or CD4). A similar effect of TGF-beta and TNF-alpha was observed using day-15 fetal thymocytes, CD3+CD4-CD8- or CD3+CD4+CD8- adult thymocytes, although the combination of these cytokines resulted in an additive rather than a synergistic effect in these subsets. In contrast, neither TGF-beta nor TNF-alpha induced CD8 expression on splenic CD4+CD8- T cells. These observations suggest a role for these cytokines in the induction of CD8 expression in CD8- thymocyte subsets including CD3-CD4-CD8- thymic pre-T cells.
Supplemental Figure 2 from Systemic Delivery of Microencapsulated 3-Bromopyruvate for the Therapy of Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;This figure provides the overview of the results for the viability experiments in the 3D in vitro model.&lt;/p&gt;
CL/EBIC-SEM Techniques for Evaluation of Impact of Crystallographic Defects on Carrier Lifetime in 4H-SiC Epitaxial Layers (2010)

The effect of various types of in-grown stacking faults and threading screw/edge type dislocations on carrier lifetime and diffusion lengths in 4H-SiC epitaxial films was investigated through cathodoluminescence decays and charge collection efficiencies of electron beam induced current signals at specific defects sites. Most stacking faults yielded ~40% reduction in the carrier lifetime. Moreover, drastic lifetime reductions were observed in regions containing surface triangular defects and bulk 3C polytype inclusions. Dislocations of both types serve as efficient recombination centers, though stronger reduction in diffusion lengths was observed in the vicinity of screw type dislocations.
ChemInform Abstract: Dihydrogen Reduction of Carboxylic Esters to Alcohols under the Catalysis of Homogeneous Ruthenium Complexes: High Efficiency and Unprecedented Chemoselectivity. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of an Unusual 2,3,4‐Trisubstituted Indole Derivative Found in the Antibiotic Nosiheptide. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A framework to analyze sulfate versus chloride selectivity in nanofiltration (2019)

The preferential removal of sodium sulfate over sodium chloride (fractionation) by nanofiltration (NF) is studied. A fractionation metric, M, is defined, and a simple set of equations are derived to describe its variation due to operating parameters, such as temperature and pressure. The use of these equations to explain known behavior of NF systems and suggest improvements in system or membrane design is demonstrated. Furthermore, the derived framework is applicable to all membranes used in pressure-driven technologies, without detailed characterization of specific membrane properties, such as structural parameters (pore radius, active layer thickness, tortuosity, porosity) or charge-based parameters. Given that the principal applications of NF involve the selective removal of multivalent ions over monovalent ions, the introduced metric provides a direct measure of its efficacy in such applications, and is shown to be more accurate in some cases than comparing salt rejection ratios, as usually done. Finally, the concept of ‘breakthrough’, commonly observed as the point at which rejection ratio begins to decrease with increase in pressure, is mathematically described, and its implication on selectivity discussed.
Towards automated performance diagnosis in a large IPTV network (2009)

IPTV is increasingly being deployed and offered as a commercial service to residential broadband customers. Compared with traditional ISP networks, an IPTV distribution network (i) typically adopts a hierarchical instead of mesh-like structure, (ii) imposes more stringent requirements on both reliability and performance, (iii) has different distribution protocols (which make heavy use of IP multicast) and traffic patterns, and (iv) faces more serious scalability challenges in managing millions of network elements. These unique characteristics impose tremendous challenges in the effective management of IPTV network and service. In this paper, we focus on characterizing and troubleshooting performance issues in one of the largest IPTV networks in North America. We collect a large amount of measurement data from a wide range of sources, including device usage and error logs, user activity logs, video quality alarms, and customer trouble tickets. We develop a novel diagnosis tool called Giza that is specifically tailored to the enormous scale and hierarchical structure of the IPTV network. Giza applies multi-resolution data analysis to quickly detect and localize regions in the IPTV distribution hierarchy that are experiencing serious performance problems. Giza then uses several statistical data mining techniques to troubleshoot the identified problems and diagnose their root causes. Validation against operational experiences demonstrates the effectiveness of Giza in detecting important performance issues and identifying interesting dependencies. The methodology and algorithms in Giza promise to be of great use in IPTV network operations.
On-chip photoacoustic transducer based on monolithic integration of piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers and metasurface lenses (2023)

An on-chip photoacoustic transducer is proposed by monolithically integrating piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers (PMUTs) on metasurface lenses for applications such as single-cell metabolic photoacoustic microscopy (SCM-PAM)1 . As shown in Figure 1a, every PMUT cell has a ring-shaped top electrode, and the membrane center is transparent without piezoelectric and electrode materials. The laser beam, therefore, can travel through a PMUT cell after being focused by a metasurface lens bonded on the backside of the PMUT (see Figure.3). The on-chip photoacoustic transducer fully leverages current PMUT and metasurface technologies and does not rely on transparent piezoelectric and electrode materials like typical transparent ultrasonic transducers2 . Moreover, the on-chip photoacoustic transducer has a monolithic integrated achromatic metasurface lens (see Figure 3), which can easily and efficiently focus the visible light (wavelength range: 400-700 nm) at the same focus point. Design and process this and preliminarily test the performance of PMUT and metasurface.
Supplementary Data from A Biparatopic Antibody That Modulates MET Trafficking Exhibits Enhanced Efficacy Compared with Parental Antibodies in MET-Driven Tumor Models (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary figure legends and methods&lt;/p&gt;
EACNN: Efficient CNN Accelerator Utilizing Linear Approximation and Computation Reuse (2023)

This paper proposes an efficient hardware accelerator named EACNN for use in Convolution Neural Networks. EACNN is an efficient CNN architecture that is based on co-optimization of algorithms and hardware. The proposed approach is based on linear approximation of the weights for pre-trained networks with low loss of accuracy. Furthermore, a weight substitution and remapping technique adopts linear approximation coefficients to replace CNN weights. That leads to a repetition of the weight values across different kernels and enables the reuse of CNN computations for various output feature maps. The input activations corresponding to the same linear co-efficient can be multiplied and accumulated first and then reused to generate multiple output feature maps. This computational reuse method reduces the number of multiplication and addition operations and memory accesses, which is efficiently supported by a dedicated element in the proposed EACNN. Experimental results on CIFAR 10 and CIFAR 100 datasets show that the proposed method eliminates around 61% of the multiplications in the network without significant loss of accuracy <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$(&lt; 3\%)$</tex> . As a demonstration, a hardware accelerator based on EACNN was implemented on Xilinx FPGA Artix 7 and achieved a 50% reduction in the FPGA hardware resources.
Compact laser scanning distance sensor with a two-axis gimbaled microscanner for volumetric imaging (2006)

We report on a laser scanning volumetric image sensor having a small optical head with a gimbaled micromirror. By time-of-flight ranging, our device can measure up to 15cm with ∼200μm resolution over a 4°x6° range.
Scaling up Markov Chain Monte Carlo on Loihi. (2021)

Abstract not provided.
Synthesis and Structure–Activity Relationships of 5,6,7-Substituted Pyrazolopyrimidines: Discovery of a Novel TSPO PET Ligand for Cancer Imaging (2013)

Focused library synthesis and structure-activity relationship development of 5,6,7-substituted pyrazolopyrimidines led to the discovery of 2-(5,7-diethyl-2-(4-(2-fluoroethoxy)phenyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)-N,N-diethylacetamide (6b), a novel translocator protein (TSPO) ligand exhibiting a 36-fold enhancement in affinity compared to another pyrazolopyrimidine-based TSPO ligand, 6a (DPA-714). Radiolabeling with fluorine-18 ((18)F) facilitated production of 2-(5,7-diethyl-2-(4-(2-[(18)F]fluoroethoxy)phenyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)-N,N-diethylacetamide ((18)F-6b) in high radiochemical yield and specific activity. In vivo studies of (18)F-6b were performed which illuminated this agent as an improved probe for molecular imaging of TSPO-expressing cancers.
Interfacial chemistry and morphology of in‐situ compatibilised PA‐6 and PBT based blends (2003)

Abstract Reactive blending is the preferred route for obtaining rubber‐toughened engineering plastics. In this study the chemistry and morphology of in‐situ compatibilised PA‐6/EPM‐g‐MA blends and PBT/E‐MA‐GMA blends are compared. Despite the different chemical structures formed (PA‐6: cyclic imide; PBT: ester), the different side‐reactions that take place (PA‐6: chain scission; PBT: rubber crosslinking) and the different reaction rates (PA‐6: very fast; PBT: rather slow), a general description of reactive blending is proposed. First, a very fast physics‐controlled dispersion of the rubber phase into the polycondensate matrix occurs (from milimeter to micrometer scale). Then the interface, thus generated, is covered via graft‐copolymer formation. This results in a stabilisation against coalescence and in a reduction of the interfacial tension, enabling further dispersion of the rubber phase. In the case of PA‐6/EPM‐g‐MA blends the graft formation occurs so quickly that when the physics‐controlled dispersion is completed, the final dispersion is achieved. In the case of PBT/E‐MA‐GMA blends the graft formation is much slower and the chemistry‐controlled dispersion can hence be considered as a secondary process, yielding the final morphology.
An electrically heated melting point apparatus (1936)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn electrically heated melting point apparatusEdwin Dowzard and Michael J. RussoCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Anal. Ed. 1936, 8, 1, 74–75Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1936Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1936https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50099a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50099a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views40Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Ferromagnetic interaction model of activity level in workplace communication (2013)

The nature of human-human interaction, specifically, how people synchronize with each other in multiple-participant conversations, is described by a ferromagnetic interaction model of people's activity levels. We found two microscopic human interaction characteristics from a real-environment face-to-face conversation. The first characteristic is that people quite regularly synchronize their activity level with that of the other participants in a conversation. The second characteristic is that the degree of synchronization increases as the number of participants increases. Based on these microscopic ferromagnetic characteristics, a ``conversation activity level'' was modeled according to the Ising model. The results of a simulation of activity level based on this model well reproduce macroscopic experimental measurements of activity level. This model will give a new insight into how people interact with each other in a conversation.
In Vitro Organogenesis of Liver Tissuea (1997)

The high metabolic rate of hepatocytes severely limits the mass of cells which can be transplanted without a vascular supply. We are developing an alternative approach in which vascularized tissue is grown ex vivo for anastamosis into the portal vein. Here, we discuss the key design issues for in vitro organogenesis of vascularized hepatic tissue, describe a fabrication approach for making complex degradable polymer scaffolds to organize cells in three dimensions on the scale of hundreds of microns, and demonstrate the feasibility of using these scaffolds for in vitro tissue organization in mixed-cell cultures.
Seasonal Variations in Mortality, Clinical, and Laboratory Parameters in Hemodialysis Patients (2011)

In a large cohort of dialysis patients, significant seasonal variations in overall and cardiovascular mortality were observed, which were consistent over different climatic regions. Other physiologic and laboratory parameters were also seasonally different. Results showed that mortality differences were related to seasonality of physiologic and laboratory parameters. Seasonal variations should be taken into account when designing and interpreting longitudinal studies in dialysis patients.
Supplementary Table S4 from Cancer-Specific Production of N-Acetylaspartate via NAT8L Overexpression in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer and Its Potential as a Circulating Biomarker (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Clinical information of blood plasma samples from lung cancer patients and control individuals.&lt;/p&gt;