gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ultra-sensitive graphene membranes for microphone applications (2023)

Microphones exploit the motion of suspended membranes to detect sound waves. Since the microphone performance can be improved by reducing the thickness and mass of its sensing membrane, graphene-based microphones are expected to outperform state-of-the-art microelectromechanical (MEMS) microphones and allow further miniaturization of the device. Here, we present a laser vibrometry study of the acoustic response of suspended multilayer graphene membranes for microphone applications. We address performance parameters relevant for acoustic sensing, including mechanical sensitivity, limit of detection and nonlinear distortion, and discuss the trade-offs and limitations in the design of graphene microphones. We demonstrate superior mechanical sensitivities of the graphene membranes, reaching more than 2 orders of magnitude higher compliances than commercial MEMS devices, and report a limit of detection as low as 15 dB<sub>SPL</sub>, which is 10-15 dB lower than that featured by current MEMS microphones.
Ex vivo expansion of normal and chronic myeloid leukemic stem cells without functional alteration using a NUP98HOXA10homeodomain fusion gene (2012)

HOX genes have been implicated as regulators of normal and leukemic stem cell functionality, but the extent to which these activities are linked is poorly understood. Previous studies revealed that transduction of primitive mouse hematopoietic cells with a NUP98HOXA10homeodomain (NA10HD) fusion gene enables a subsequent rapid and marked expansion in vitro of hematopoietic stem cell numbers without causing their transformation or deregulated expansion in vivo. To determine whether forced expression of NA10HD in primitive human cells would have a similar effect, we compared the number of long-term culture-initiating cells (LTC-ICs) present in cultures of lenti-NA10HD versus control virus-transduced CD34(+) cells originally isolated from human cord blood and chronic phase (CP) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. We found that NA10HD greatly increases outputs of both normal and Ph(+)/BCR-ABL(+) LTC-ICs, and this effect is particularly pronounced in cultures containing growth factor-producing feeders. Interestingly, NA10HD did not affect the initial cell cycle kinetics of the transduced cells nor their subsequent differentiation. Moreover, immunodeficient mice repopulated with NA10HD-transduced CP-CML cells for more than 8 months showed no evidence of altered behavior. Thus, NA10HD provides a novel tool to enhance both normal and CP-CML stem cell expansion in vitro, without apparently altering other properties.
Modal and wavelength conversions in plasmonic nanowires (2021)

We show that plasmonic nanowire-nanoparticle systems can perform nonlinear wavelength and modal conversions and potentially serve as building blocks for signal multiplexing and novel trafficking modalities. When a surface plasmon excited by a pulsed laser beam propagates in a nanowire, it generates a localized broadband nonlinear continuum at the nanowire surface as well as at active locations defined by sites where nanoparticles are absorbed (enhancement sites). The local response may couple to new sets of propagating modes enabling a complex routing of optical signals through modal and spectral conversions. Different aspects influencing the optical signal conversions are presented, including the parameters defining the local formation of the continuum and the subsequent modal routing in the nanowire.
Supplementary Figure S4 from Direct Detection and Quantification of Neoantigens (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Optimization of immuno-precipitation-based neo-antigen enrichment.&lt;/p&gt;
Archway Randomized Phase 3 Trial of the Port Delivery System with Ranibizumab for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration (2021)

Archway met its primary objective and PDS Q24W demonstrated noninferior and equivalent efficacy to monthly ranibizumab, with 98.4% of PDS-treated patients not receiving supplemental treatment in the first 24-week interval.
ChemInform Abstract: From D‐ to L‐Nucleoside Analogues as Antiviral Agents (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
TRBP alters human precursor microRNA processing in vitro (2012)

MicroRNAs play central roles in controlling gene expression in human cells. Sequencing data show that many miRNAs are produced at different levels and as multiple isoforms that can vary in length at their 5' or 3' ends, but the biogenesis and functional significance of these RNAs are largely unknown. We show here that the human trans-activation response (TAR) RNA binding protein (TRBP), a known molecular partner of the miRNA processing enzyme Dicer, changes the rates of pre-miRNA cleavage in an RNA-structure-specific manner. Furthermore, TRBP can trigger the generation of iso-miRNAs (isomiRs) that are longer than the canonical sequence by one nucleotide. We show that this change in miRNA processing site can alter guide strand selection, resulting in preferential silencing of a different mRNA target. These results implicate TRBP as a key regulator of miRNA processing and targeting in humans.
Investigation on Optimum Control Interval for Intra-Cell Fractional TPC Using AMC for Shared Channel in Evolved UTRA Uplink (2009)

This paper presents the optimum control interval for intra-cell fractional transmission power control (TPC) for a shared data channel employing frequency domain channel-dependent scheduling and adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) in the Evolved UTRA uplink using single-carrier (SC)-FDMA radio access. The simulation results show that the best attenuation factor in the fractional TPC is approximately 0.6 for achieving the maximum user throughput when the maximum target received signal power, P0 is -60dBm. Then, we show that the optimum averaging interval for the desired signal level, which corresponds to a substantial control interval for the fractional TPC, is approximately 100-200msec regardless of the maximum Doppler frequency up to 222Hz and the distance at the shadowing correlation of 0.5. Throughout the simulation results, we verify that slow intra-cell fractional TPC associated with fast AMC is effective in achieving the maximum cell throughput and cell-edge user throughput.
Détection de pannes oscillatoires dans un système de commande de vol d’avion (2011)

National audience
Epilayer Lift-Off by Cross-Shaped Holes for Thin Film Solar Cell and Substrate Recycle (2011)

Crack-free thin film solar cell is released from GaAs substrate by cross-shaped pattern epitaxial lift-off (CPELO) technology. The cross-shaped pattern array is used to define cell size and provide the etch path of etchant solution. The AlAs sacrificial layer is etched by hydrofluoric acid etchant through the cross-shaped holes. Results indicate that the entire wafer can be etched simultaneously. The CPELO technique does not require a temporary carrier substrate to transfer the epilayers because the permanent carrier substrate is directly deposited onto the epilayers before the epitaxial lift-off process. The permanent carrier, the electroplated nickel substrate, can directly contact to the epilayer without wax or low-viscosity epoxy, and can also be applied to a controllable external force via magnetic attraction to reduce the release time. The release time of the 2-inch wafer with different cell sizes (1 to 25 mm2) is about 2 to 6 hours. After CPELO process, the separated GaAs substrate can be recycled via chemical cleaning. The performance of the obtained thin film solar cell is 0.95 V, 14 mA/cm2, 84 %, 11.17 % for Voc, Jsc, FF and , respectively.
Delivery of Epinephrine in the Vapor Phase for the Treatment of Croup (2016)

The Vapotherm system can be used to deliver epinephrine in pharmacological doses to the respiratory system as a vapor and thus as an alternative to droplets by conventional nebulization.
Aggregation and Fibril Structure of AβM01–42 and Aβ1–42 (2017)

A mechanistic understanding of Aβ aggregation and high-resolution structures of Aβ fibrils and oligomers are vital to elucidating relevant details of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease, which will facilitate the rational design of diagnostic and therapeutic protocols. The most detailed and reproducible insights into structure and kinetics have been achieved using Aβ peptides produced by recombinant expression, which results in an additional methionine at the N-terminus. While the length of the C-terminus is well established to have a profound impact on the peptide's aggregation propensity, structure, and neurotoxicity, the impact of the N-terminal methionine on the aggregation pathways and structure is unclear. For this reason, we have developed a protocol to produce recombinant Aβ1-42, sans the N-terminal methionine, using an N-terminal small ubiquitin-like modifier-Aβ1-42 fusion protein in reasonable yield, with which we compared aggregation kinetics with AβM01-42 containing the additional methionine residue. The data revealed that Aβ1-42 and AβM01-42 aggregate with similar rates and by the same mechanism, in which the generation of new aggregates is dominated by secondary nucleation of monomers on the surface of fibrils. We also recorded magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectra that demonstrated that excellent spectral resolution is maintained with both AβM01-42 and Aβ1-42 and that the chemical shifts are virtually identical in dipolar recoupling experiments that provide information about rigid residues. Collectively, these results indicate that the structure of the fibril core is unaffected by N-terminal methionine. This is consistent with the recent structures of AβM01-42 in which M0 is located at the terminus of a disordered 14-amino acid N-terminal tail.
Model of Anisotropic Reverse Cardiac Growth in Mechanical Dyssynchrony (2019)

Based on recent single-cell experiments showing that longitudinal myocyte stretch produces both parallel and serial addition of sarcomeres, we developed an anisotropic growth constitutive model with elastic myofiber stretch as the growth stimuli to simulate long-term changes in biventricular geometry associated with alterations in cardiac electromechanics. The constitutive model is developed based on the volumetric growth framework. In the model, local growth evolutions of the myocyte's longitudinal and transverse directions are driven by the deviations of maximum elastic myofiber stretch over a cardiac cycle from its corresponding local homeostatic set point, but with different sensitivities. Local homeostatic set point is determined from a simulation with normal activation pattern. The growth constitutive model is coupled to an electromechanics model and calibrated based on both global and local ventricular geometrical changes associated with chronic left ventricular free wall pacing found in previous animal experiments. We show that the coupled electromechanics-growth model can quantitatively reproduce the following: (1) Thinning and thickening of the ventricular wall respectively at early and late activated regions and (2) Global left ventricular dilation as measured in experiments. These findings reinforce the role of elastic myofiber stretch as a growth stimulant at both cellular level and tissue-level.
Reliable Procedure for Molecular Analysis of Airborne Microflora in Three Indoor Environments: An Office and Two Different Museum Contexts (2012)

Abstract Biological aerosols from air constitute a significant source of exposure to microorganisms in public places. Airborne microorganisms are involved in the development of certain respiratory symptoms, allergies, or infections among users and occupants. Various sampling instruments have commonly been used in aerobiology to collect bacteria and fungi suspended in the air. The objective of this study was to develop a reliable procedure for sampling in indoor public environments presenting different levels of occupancy, airborne bacteria and fungi to be subjected to molecular analysis (bacteria and fungi quantitative PCR, capillary electrophoresis single strand conformation polymorphism fingerprinting). Four different sampling devices were tested in situ in an office building (open‐plan type) and the sampling strategy chosen was tested in two museum contexts. In accordance with the drawbacks involved to our study (quantitative and qualitative aspects, cost, and overcrowding), cyclone device appeared to be most suitable. The results underline the effectiveness of this high‐volume aerosol sampling device for both qualitative and quantitative molecular analysis. Four in situ sampling collections were carried out in 1 day in the Louvre Museum to study quantitative and qualitative variations of airborne bacterial and fungal diversity. The quantitative results revealed a similar order of magnitude for the numbers of both bacteria and fungi. In the Louvre Museum, the samples yielded between 3.7 × 10 4 and 4.1 × 10 4 genome equivalent (GE) bacteria/m 3 air and between 5.0 × 10 4 and 5.9 × 10 4 GE fungi/m 3 air and in the Decorative Arts Museum between, 2.1 × 10 4 and 2.5 × 10 4 GE bacteria/m 3 air and between 1.4 × 10 4 and 1.7 × 10 4 GE fungi/m 3 air. The results also indicate that the dominant bacterial community displayed a stable structure over a short period of time whereas dominant eukaryotic airborne community appeared more variable.
Deep level optical and thermal spectroscopy of traps in n-GaN grown by ammonia molecular beam epitaxy (2008)

The incorporation of deep level defects in n-type GaN grown by ammonia-based molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) is studied via systematic adjustment of the NH3/Ga flux ratio. Deep level optical and transient spectroscopies, which together enable deep level detection throughout the GaN bandgap, reveal defect states whose individual concentrations vary with the NH3/Ga flux ratio. A general trend of lower concentration for deep levels at EC−3.28, EC−1.28, EC−0.62, and EC−0.25 eV with higher NH3/Ga flux ratio was observed, with the strongest reduction at the EC−0.25 eV level, consistent with expectations for a VN-related defect. The known CN impurity state at EC−3.28 eV and suspected CI-related state at EC−1.28 eV also showed a moderate decrease in concentration at the higher NH3/Ga flux ratio. In contrast, the VGa-related defect at EC−2.62 eV was insensitive to the NH3/Ga flux ratio over the range studied here. Taken together, ammonia-MBE GaN has deep level defects with different sensitivities in flux ratios suggestive of independent physical sources. However, the total trap concentrations were significantly reduced for higher NH3/Ga flux ratios in n-type GaN grown by ammonia-MBE under the range of growth conditions used in this study, suggesting that higher NH3/Ga flux ratios will generate higher electronic quality GaN material when using ammonia-based MBE for device applications.
Wavelength Locked High-speed Microring Modulator Using an Integrated Balanced Homodyne CMOS Control Circuit (2016)

We demonstrated wavelength locking for a high speed ring modulator using a low-power integrated balanced homodyne CMOS controller. Locking for wavelength change of 4 nm and substrate temperature change of 40°C was achieved.
Epigenetic alterations leading to TMPRSS4 promoter hypomethylation and protein overexpression predict poor prognosis in squamous lung cancer patients (2016)

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, which highlights the need of innovative therapeutic options. Although targeted therapies can be successfully used in a subset of patients with lung adenocarcinomas (ADC), they are not appropriate for patients with squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). In addition, there is an unmet need for the identification of prognostic biomarkers that can select patients at risk of relapse in early stages. Here, we have used several cohorts of NSCLC patients to analyze the prognostic value of both protein expression and DNA promoter methylation status of the prometastatic serine protease TMPRSS4. Moreover, expression and promoter methylation was evaluated in a panel of 46 lung cancer cell lines. We have demonstrated that a high TMPRSS4 expression is an independent prognostic factor in SCC. Similarly, aberrant hypomethylation in tumors, which correlates with high TMPRSS4 expression, is an independent prognostic predictor in SCC. The inverse correlation between expression and methylation status was also observed in cell lines. In vitro studies showed that treatment of cells lacking TMPRSS4 expression with a demethylating agent significantly increased TMPRSS4 levels. In conclusion, TMPRSS4 is a novel independent prognostic biomarker regulated by epigenetic changes in SCC and a potential therapeutic target in this tumor type, where targeted therapy is still underdeveloped.
Characterization of a Macrocycle-Mediated Dual Module Hollow Fiber Membrane Contactor for Making Cation Separations (1990)

Abstract Separation of metal cations in aqueous solution by a macrocyclemediated Dual Hollow Fiber Membrane Contactor is described. The advantages of this type of supported liquid membrane configuration include easily accessible source, receiving and membrane phases; transport rates competitive with those of other types of membranes; and the potential for continuous operation. The new system was investigated to determine the effect of aqueous solution flow rate and membrane solvent stirring rate on Na+ and K+ transport using dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 as the carrier. The results demonstrated that transport increases with increasing stirring speed, but remains constant with increased aqueous flow rate through the fibers within the range of four to twelve m1/min. The membrane solvents hexane, toluene, octane, 1-octanol, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, octanal, and 2-octanone were tested for their ability to preserve membrane integrity in the presence of aqueous solutions of low pH, and to maximize transport. Of these solvents, 2-octanone was found to be most effective in minimizing acid diffusion across the membrane, while giving the highest facilitated K+ transport rate. Quantitative transport using 18-crown-6 was observed for K+ over Na+ (all solvents studied) and Ba2+ and Sr2+ over Ca2+ (only octanol was studied).
Extracting relevant named entities for automated expense reimbursement (2007)

Expense reimbursement is a time-consuming and labor-intensive process across organizations. In this paper, we present a prototype expense reimbursement system that dramatically reduces the elapsed time and costs involved, by eliminating paper from the process life cycle. Our complete solution involves (1) an electronic submission infrastructure that provides multi- channel image capture, secure transport and centralized storage of paper documents; (2) an unconstrained data mining approach to extracting relevant named entities from un-structured document images; (3) automation of auditing procedures that enables automatic expense validation with minimum human interaction.
Die Interaktion von Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) mit TAp73 und ΔNp73 ist ein entscheidender Faktor für die Viruselimination (2008)

Einleitung: Die chronische Hepatitis B ist ein Hauptrisikofaktor für die Entstehung des hepatozellulären Karzinoms (HCC). In vivo konnten wir bereits zeigen, dass funktionelles p53 und ein intakter CD95-Apoptosesignalweg essentiell sind für eine effektive Elimination von HBV. Aktivierung des onkogenen dominant-negativen p53-Familienmitglieds ΔNp73 spielt eine entscheidende Rolle in der Hepatokarzinogenese und könnte durch seine antiapoptotischen Eigenschaften die Chronizität einer HBV-Infektion beeinflussen. Die Expression von ΔNp73 ist bei HCC-Patienten mit einer ungünstigen Prognose assoziert.
Eliminating complex eigenvectors and eigenvalues in multiway analyses using the direct trilinear decomposition method (1993)

Abstract The direct trilinear decomposition method (DTDM) is an algorithm for performing quantitative curve resolution of three‐dimensional data that follow the so‐called trilinear model, e.g. chromatography–spectroscopy or emission‐excitation fluorescence. Under certain coditions complex eigenvalues and eigenvectors emerge when the generalized eigenproblem is solved in DTDM. Previous publications never treated those cases. In this paper we show how similarity transformations can be used to eliminate the imaginary part of the complex eigenvalues and eigenvectors, thereby increasing the usefulness of DTDM in practical applications. The similarity transformation technique was first used by our laboratory to solve the similar problem in the generalized rank annihilation method (GRAM). Because unique elution profiles and spectra can be derived by using data matrices from three or more samples simultaneously, DTDM with similarity transformations is more efficient than GRAM in the case where there are many samples to be investigated.
Design and evaluation of routing schemes for dependable real-time connections (2002)

Dependability of service (DoS) has become an important requirement for real-time applications, such as remote medical services, business-critical network meetings and command-and-control applications. The Dependable Real-Time Protocol (DRTP), in which each dependable real-time connection is realized with one primary and one or more backup channels, has been shown to be an effective way of providing DoS. How to route both primary and backup channels for each dependable real-time connection is of vital importance to the success of failure recovery and to overhead reduction in providing DoS. In this paper, we propose and evaluate three different schemes for routing the primary and backup channels of each dependable real-time connection. Specifically, we present methods based on link-state information and bounded flooding to discover routes for the primary and backup channels while satisfying the required quality of service (QoS). The costs of the link-state and flooding algorithms are reduced significantly by using the fact that the probability of success in failure recovery can be estimated with simple link-state information, and by bounding the flooded region within an ellipse with the two communication end-points as loci. Our in-depth simulations have shown that the proposed routing schemes are highly effective, providing a fault tolerance of 87% or higher with a network capacity overhead of less than 85%.
High-performance, tensile-strained Ge p-i-n photodetectors on a Si platform (2005)

We demonstrate a high-performance, tensile-strained Ge p-i-n photodetector on Si platform with an extended detection spectrum of 650–1605 nm and a 3 dB bandwidth of 8.5 GHz measured at λ=1040nm. The full bandwidth of the photodetector is achieved at a low reverse bias of 1 V, compatible with the low driving voltage requirements of Si ultralarge-scale integrated circuits. Due to the direct bandgap shrinkage induced by a 0.20% tensile strain in the Ge layer, the device covers the entire C band and a large part of the L band in telecommunications. The responsivities of the device at 850, 980, 1310, 1550, and 1605 nm are 0.55, 0.68, 0.87, 0.56, and 0.11A∕W, respectively, without antireflection coating. The internal quantum efficiency in the wavelength range of 650–1340 nm is over 90%. The entire device was fabricated using materials and processing that can be implemented in a standard Si complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process flow. With high speed, a broad detection spectrum and compatibility with Si CMOS technology, this device is attractive for applications in both telecommunications and integrated optical interconnects.