gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mismatch Based Diagnosis of PV Fields Relying on Monitored String Currents (2017)

This paper presents a DC side oriented diagnostic method for photovoltaic fields which operates on string currents previously supplied by an appropriate monitoring system. The relevance of the work relies on the definition of an effective and reliable day-by-day target for the power that every string of the field should have produced. The procedure is carried out by comparing the instantaneous power produced by all solar strings having the same orientation and by attributing, as producible power for all of them, the maximum value. As figure of merit, the difference between the maximum allowed energy production (evaluated as the integral of the power during a defined time interval) and the energy actually produced by the strings is defined. Such a definition accounts for both weather and irradiance conditions, without needing additional sensors. The reliability of the approach was experimentally verified by analyzing the performance of two medium size solar fields that were monitored over a period of four years. Results allowed quantifying energy losses attributable to underperforming solar strings and precisely locating their position in the field.
Percutaneous sperm aspiration of a spermatocele for intracytoplasmic sperm injection. (1997)

Recent advances in assisted reproduction have led to successful pregnancies and deliveries despite obstructed azoospermia using sperm from the testis andor epididymis. Microscopic epididymal sperm aspiration (MESA) is a technique that has been widely used to retrieve sperm from the epididymis, but it requires open surgery on the epididymis.' Percutaneous aspiration of sperm from the testis or epididymis is another technique that is used in combination with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to obtain the few gametes necessary for fertilization.2.3 A naturally occurring spermatocele would be another potential source of sperm that could be used for single or repeated aspirations in assisted reproduction procedures. We describe a case of an azoospermic man with a spermatocele who underwent such an aspiration in combination with ICSI. CASE REPORT J. J., a 50-year-old man, presented 3 years ago with the complaint of infertility. At that time, he was found to be severely oligospermic. Bilateral testicular biopsies demonstrated spermatogenesis present in the left testis but atrophy (without spermatogenesis) of the right testis. Medical history was unremarkable, and physical examination was normal except for the atrophic right testis and an approximate 5 cc spermatocele in the left hemiscrotum. The left testis was of normal size and consistency. The spermatocele was aspirated percutaneously and found to contain many weakly motile sperm. A semen analysis was fructose-positive and revealed a volume of 2.1 ml. with a sperm density of 1.3 X 106/ml., 34% normal forms and 1% motility. A transrectal ultrasound examination showed no ejaculatory duct obstruction. At exploration, a left vasogram revealed a patent vas deferens. No sperm were found in the left vasal fluid. A large left spermatocele was noted and was left untouched. An epididymal tubule on the caput but inferior to the spermatocele was incised, and the fluid revealed whole, nonmotile sperm. A microsurgical end-to-side vasoepididymostomy was performed. During the first year postoperatively, the semen parameters revealed azoospermia. The option of epididymal sperm aspiration and ICSI was pursued by the couple, and sperm from the spermatocele was used for the ICSI procedure. On the day of oocyte retrieval, about 5 ml. of fluid were aspirated percutaneously from the spermatocele in the left hemiscrotum. Eight million sperm with 12% motility were obtained and prepared by Percoll density centrifugation. The 36-year-old wife, gravida 0, was stimulated with 3 ampules per day of urofollitropin following a mid-luteal suppression with leuprolide acetate. All 21 oocytes were metaphase 11. Following ICSI, 13 oocytes were fertilized, l of
Crystal Structure of Bee-Venom Phospholipase A 2 : Correction (1991)

We would like to call attention to some errors in our report "Crystal structure of bee-venom phospholipase A 2 in a complex with a transition-state analogue" (14 Dec., p. 1563). 1) The legend to figure 2B should have read '. . . bee-venom PLA 2 (blue) superimposed upon that of the uninhibited form of the bovine pancreative PL 2 (red)." 2) The sequence used to interpret the structure of the bee-venom phospholipase 2 and cited in figure 2A is in error and differs from that inferred from the published cDNA sequence as follows. Leu should have been Glu at position 20, Arg should have been Lys at positions 47 and 72, Thr should have been His at position 56, Ala should have been Asp at position 92, and Arg should have been Thr at position 57. Lys was typographically omitted at position 124. Re-refinement of the structure with the corrected sequence neither alters the backbone conformation nor affects the disposition of surface residues 20, 47, 72, and 92. Thr57 replaces Arg57 in forming the hydrogen bond with the nonbridged oxygen of the inhibitor's sn -3 phosphate, and His56 replaces Thr56 at the opening of the hydrophobic channel. These changes do not alter our conclusions or those of its companion papers on phospholipase 2 . Corrected stereopairs (figures 3 and 4) are available from the authors on request, and the revised coordinates have been deposited in the Brookhaven Protein Data Bank.
Personal rating prediction for on-line video lectures using gaze information (2015)

Automatic prediction of personal preference for lecture video is becoming exceedingly important as the available volume of such content is expanding rapidly. Gaze information is believed to be an convenient and useful indicator of cognitive process due to its non-invasive characteristic. We build up a small-scale dataset of viewer's gaze during watching TED Talk videos, and propose a set of gaze features to predict personal preference. Besides the conventional gaze statistics features, we also propose new features that analyze the relationship between visual saliency and gaze points. The proposed features are proved to be effective in the evaluation of personal rating prediction and could achieve over 85% accuracy in the leave-one-out test and over 75% in the half-half train-test-split setting. To our best knowledge, this is the first work on rating prediction for video lectures using gaze.
Simulation tools for two-dimensional experiments in x-ray computed tomography using the FORBILD head phantom (2012)

Mathematical phantoms are essential for the development and early stage evaluation of image reconstruction algorithms in x-ray computed tomography (CT). This note offers tools for computer simulations using a two-dimensional (2D) phantom that models the central axial slice through the FORBILD head phantom. Introduced in 1999, in response to a need for a more robust test, the FORBILD head phantom is now seen by many as the gold standard. However, the simple Shepp-Logan phantom is still heavily used by researchers working on 2D image reconstruction. Universal acceptance of the FORBILD head phantom may have been prevented by its significantly higher complexity: software that allows computer simulations with the Shepp-Logan phantom is not readily applicable to the FORBILD head phantom. The tools offered here address this problem. They are designed for use with Matlab®, as well as open-source variants, such as FreeMat and Octave, which are all widely used in both academia and industry. To get started, the interested user can simply copy and paste the codes from this PDF document into Matlab® M-files.
A Polyphase Filter Design for Continuous-Time Quadrature Bandpass Sigma–Delta Modulators (2008)

This paper presents a strategy for successful polyphase-filter design for continuous-time quadrature bandpass sigma-delta (SigmaDelta) modulators. Based on a low-pass filter with a chain of integrators with weighted capacitive feedforward summation (CICFF) topology - which is suited for implementation in low-power applications - analytical equations are derived. A new compensation scheme is proposed and implemented by cross-coupling additional resistors, without the necessity of extra-active components. Translation to intermediate frequency in second- and fourth-order polyphase filters with the proposed compensation scheme are compared to analytical considerations and simulation. Nonlinearities introduced by mismatch of feedforward coefficients and finite gain-bandwidth of amplifiers are considered.
High-Throughput Excipient Discovery Enables Oral Delivery of Poorly Soluble Pharmaceuticals (2016)

Polymeric excipients are crucial ingredients in modern pills, increasing the therapeutic bioavailability, safety, stability, and accessibility of lifesaving products to combat diseases in developed and developing countries worldwide. Because many early-pipeline drugs are clinically intractable due to hydrophobicity and crystallinity, new solubilizing excipients can reposition successful and even failed compounds to more effective and inexpensive oral formulations. With assistance from high-throughput controlled polymerization and screening tools, we employed a strategic, molecular evolution approach to systematically modulate designer excipients based on the cyclic imide chemical groups of an important (yet relatively insoluble) drug phenytoin. In these acrylamide- and methacrylate-containing polymers, a synthon approach was employed: one monomer served as a precipitation inhibitor for phenytoin recrystallization, while the comonomer provided hydrophilicity. Systems that maintained drug supersaturation in amorphous solid dispersions were identified with molecular-level understanding of noncovalent interactions using NOESY and DOSY NMR spectroscopy. Poly(<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide-<i>co</i>-<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethylacrylamide) (poly(NIPAm-<i>co</i>-DMA)) at 70 mol % NIPAm exhibited the highest drug solubilization, in which phenytoin associated with inhibiting NIPAm units only with lowered diffusivity in solution. In vitro dissolution tests of select spray-dried dispersions corroborated the screening trends between polymer chemical composition and solubilization performance, where the best NIPAm/DMA polymer elevated the mean area-under-the-dissolution-curve by 21 times its crystalline state at 10 wt % drug loading. When administered to rats for pharmacokinetic evaluation, the same leading poly(NIPAm-<i>co</i>-DMA) formulation tripled the oral bioavailability compared to a leading commercial excipient, HPMCAS, and translated to a remarkable 23-fold improvement over crystalline phenytoin.
Simulation of Arterial Traffic Using Cell Transmission Model (2013)

Cell transmission model (CTM) is one of the widely used macroscopic traffic models. There was a lot of research to show this model could provide reliable simulation of freeway traffic and it has many applications in traffic management design. But there was insufficient proof to demonstrate this model can accurately simulate urban traffic. This paper illustrates the use of cell transmission model on a segment of signalized arterial. The data source is the NGSIM data collected on Lankershim Blvd. The simulation result agrees with the measurement.
Supplementary Figure 1 from MTL-CEBPA, a Small Activating RNA Therapeutic Upregulating C/EBP-α, in Patients with Advanced Liver Cancer: A First-in-Human, Multicenter, Open-Label, Phase I Trial (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Dose escalation flow chart. DLT - dose limiting toxicity, MTD - maximum tolerated dose&lt;/p&gt;
Assessment of sedation level and EEG recovery after major operation by spectral entropy (2001)

A new adjunctive system to obtain higher PaO 2 with nasal cannula or catheter: double trunk mask
Synergistic inhibition of human cancer cell growth by cytotoxic drugs and mixed backbone antisense oligonucleotide targeting protein kinase A (1997)

Protein kinase A type I plays a key role in neoplastic transformation, conveying mitogenic signals of different growth factors and oncogenes. Inhibition of protein kinase A type I by antisense oligonucleotides targeting its RIalpha regulatory subunit results in cancer cell growth inhibition in vitro and in vivo. A novel mixed backbone oligonucleotide HYB 190 and its mismatched control HYB 239 were tested on soft agar growth of several human cancer cell types. HYB 190 demonstrated a dose-dependent inhibition of colony formation in all cell lines whereas the HYB 239 at the same doses caused a modest or no growth inhibition. A noninhibitory dose of each mixed backbone oligonucleotide was used in OVCAR-3 ovarian and GEO colon cancer cells to study whether any cooperative effect may occur between the antisense and a series of cytotoxic drugs acting by different mechanisms. Treatment with HYB 190 resulted in an additive growth inhibitory effect with several cytotoxic drugs when measured by soft agar colony formation. A synergistic growth inhibition, which correlated with increased apoptosis, was observed when HYB 190 was added to cancer cells treated with taxanes, platinum-based compounds, and topoisomerase II selective drugs. This synergistic effect was also observed in breast cancer cells and was obtained with other related drugs such as docetaxel and carboplatin. Combination of HYB 190 and paclitaxel resulted in an accumulation of cells in late S-G2 phases of cell cycle and marked induction of apoptosis. A cooperative effect of HYB 190 and paclitaxel was also obtained in vivo in nude mice bearing human GEO colon cancer xenografts. These results are the first report of a cooperative growth inhibitory effect obtained in a variety of human cancer cell lines by antisense mixed backbone oligonucleotide targeting protein kinase A type I-mediated mitogenic signals and specific cytotoxic drugs.
Faecal Microbiota Transplantation is Effective for the Initial Treatment of Clostridium difficile Infection: A Retrospective Clinical Review (2020)

This study demonstrates the safety and efficacy of FMT as first-line treatment for patients' initial episode of CDI. Future randomised studies are required to confirm FMT as the initial treatment for CDI.
Silicon-based smart-pixels technologies (1993)

It is now widely recognized that free-space optical interconnects can be effectively used for implementing fast parallel computing and communication switching systems only if high speed smart pixels can be made available, manufactured and packaged at low cost. At UCSD, using flip-chip bonding, various devices combining logic circuits and light detectors on silicon with light modulators on Lead Lanthanum Zirconate Titanate (PLZT) (for phase modulation), and on III-V Multiple Quantum Wells (MQW) (for absorption modulation) have been investigated.
Design of metamaterial-coated arrays through quasi-conformal transformation optics (2014)

This paper presents synthesis of conformal arrays enhanced by metamaterial lenses. The synthesis uses a multi-step Quasi-Conformal Transformation Optics technique to compute lens parameters that allow an arbitrary-shaped conformal array to acquire properties of another desirable conformal array. The approach is demonstrated by numerical experiments including a full wave simulation.
New-type inducers of differentiation of HL-60 leukemia cells suppress c-myc expression. (1987)

New-type inducers of differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia cells HL-60, i.e., 4- (5, 6, 7, 8-tetrahydro-5, 5, 8, 8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenylcarbamoyl) benzoic acid (Am 80) and (E) -4- [3- (3, 5-di-tert-butylphenyl) -3-oxo-l-propenyl] benzoic acid (Ch 55), suppress c-myc expression as all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) does. The decreased level of c-myc expression was detected within 5-14 h after the start of treatment, and preceded morphological differentiation and functional differentiation measured in terms of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction. Treatment of HL-60 cells with 0.1 μm Am 80, Ch 55 or RA for 96 h caused more than 90% suppression of c-myc expression and around 10-fold increase in the percentage of NBT-positive cells.
FD MOS SOI CIRCUIT TO IMPROVE THE THRESHOLD OF DETECTION OF A CO-INTEGRATED AMORPHOUS PHOTODIODE. (2002)

Amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) photodetectors are widely used in low cost electronics as simple photodetectors, or integrated in a matrix of pixels. In the last years, much effort has been dedicated to the integration of these devices with MOSFET ASICs, the so called Thin Film on ASIC technology (TFA), which seems interesting for new applications, and provides separate design and optimization of the two components [1]. However, one of the drawbacks of these diodes is the high amount of dark current which is a problem in vision-like applications. In this work, we present for the first time a-Si:H photodetectors fabricated on top of a FD SOI MOSFET ASIC. In addition, we report the advantages of using a very simple circuit consisting of only two FD SOI MOSFET transistors to bias and sense the changes of current through the photodiode and at the same time provide a very significant detected ratio of illuminated to dark current. The ratio we obtained is several orders higher than what can be obtained using only the photodiode. At the output of the current mirror circuit, other circuits can be added to further process the output signal.
Examination of through-thickness/through-time phase evolution during an MOD-type REBCO precursor conversion using Raman microscopy (2010)

Through-thickness/through-time composition analyses were made on REBa2Cu3O6 + x (REBCO) films prepared from metal–organic deposited (MOD) precursors on a RABiTS (rolling-assisted biaxially textured substrate) template. Y Dy0.5Ba2Cu3O6 + x films were fabricated either by a single precursor coating or by two separate, equivalent precursor coatings with an intermediate decomposition. Specimens were quenched at selected times along a heat treatment profile that simulated conditions used by American Superconductor, then examined by Raman microscopy along mechanically milled slopes through the REBCO films. Upon reaching the reaction temperature TR, the precursor initially transforms into a (Y, Dy)2Cu2O5, CuO, Cu2O, and RE–Ba–F–O phase mix, and this is followed shortly by substrate level REBCO formation that propagates upwards through time. Our results indicate that (1) the single layer (SL) and double layer (DL) films (both ∼ 1.2 µm thick) react to completion at about the same rate and arrive at a similar final composition and (2) some residual Ba–Cu–O phases persist near the top of the fully reacted films. The performance of the SL film was moderately better than that of the DL film, seemingly due to better through-thickness REBCO texture as determined using x-ray diffraction.
Figure S2 from Dopamine Receptor D5 is a Modulator of Tumor Response to Dopamine Receptor D2 Antagonism (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S2&lt;/p&gt;
Multipoint Thomson scattering measurements in a low-density plasma (1988)

A multipoint Thomson scattering apparatus has been constructed to measure electron temperature and density at several spatial locations in a low-density toroidal plasma discharge. A multianode microchannel-plate photomultiplier tube detector is used to provide the multipoint capability of this device. This detector, along with a simple and efficient optical collection system, allows for low-density measurements. Critical for low-density operation is a low stray light level from the laser, which has been achieved through careful design of the laser beam handling optics. The plasma parameters in which this device operates are in a regime where Langmuir probes are the usual diagnostic method. The design of this device is presented, along with electron temperature and density profiles of an electron cyclotron heated plasma in the Interchangeable Module Stellarator. Comparison is made with Langmuir probe measurements of similar discharges. Discrepancies between these methods are seen, and are attributed to plasma perturbations by the probe.
Vesicle-associated melanization in Cryptococcus neoformans (2009)

Recently, several pathogenic fungi were shown to produce extracellular vesicles that contain various components associated with virulence. In the human pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans, these components included laccase, an enzyme that catalyses melanin synthesis. Spherical melanin granules have been observed in the cell wall of C. neoformans. Given that melanin granules have dimensions that are comparable to those of extracellular vesicles, and that metazoan organisms produce melanin in vesicular structures known as melanosomes, we investigated the role of vesicles in cryptococcal melanization. Extracellular vesicles melanized when incubated with the melanin precursor L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA). The kinetics of substrate incorporation into cells and vesicles was analysed using radiolabelled L-DOPA. The results indicated that substrate incorporation was different for cells and isolated vesicles. Acid-generated melanin ghosts stained with lipophilic dyes, implying the presence of associated lipid. A model for C. neoformans melanization is proposed that accounts for these observations and provides a mechanism for the assembly of melanin into relatively uniform spherical particles stacked in an orderly arrangement in the cell wall.
Globally stable control laws for the attitude maneuver problem: tracking control and adaptive control (2003)

An approach using a globally nonsingular representation is proposed for the attitude control problem of a rigid body. The attitude dynamics are described by the nonlinear Euler equation together with the nonlinear kinematic equations which relate a representation of attitude to the angular velocity of the body. When this approach is combined with an energy-motivated Lyapunov function, a large class of globally stable attitude control laws can be derived. This class includes model-independent tracking control, model-dependent tracking control, and adaptive control, allowing tradeoffs between controller complexity, attainable performance, and available model information.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Power Transmission Lines Inspection using Properly Equipped Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (2018)

The inspection of power transmission lines is an important task that enhances the reliability of Electricity Distribution Network Operators. This task can be performed in a low-cost way using unmanned aircrafts. At the present study, we examine the effectiveness of using basic image processing methods on image data of the power lines acquired by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The specific UAV was assembled for the present work under the considerations that arise from the purpose of the inspection of power transmission lines. Two methodologies are proposed differing on the preprocessing required in order to detect the location of the lines on the video images. Both proposed methodologies were tested in real-world cases, with the image background in each case to be characterized of non-uniform texture, i.e., the natural terrain is rugged at some locations, wooded land at some other or it is road that appears at the same hue as the aerial power lines. We examined the case of a broken line where the methodologies result in successful detection of the power lines before and after the discontinuity of the power line. The proposed work offers a robust and low-cost way for the inspection of power transmission lines and so an effective way to detect the location where a cable fault has occurred.