gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation and characterization of an acquired antithrombin antibody (1990)

A 68-year-old man, following mitral valve replacement, presented with a low-grade chronic consumptive coagulopathy. Laboratory analysis showed mild fibrinolysis, minimal effect of coumadin therapy, and a prolonged thrombin time (greater than 150 seconds using bovine IIa). When purified human IIa was used the thrombin time normalized to within 17 seconds of controls, suggesting a possible inhibitor of bovine IIa. An anti-IIa antibody was isolated by protein A-Sepharose (Sigma, St Louis, MO) chromatography followed by affinity chromatography using a bovine IIa-Sepharose column. The effects of this purified anti-IIa antibody on both bovine and human IIa procoagulant and anticoagulant functions were studied. The isolated immunoglobulin G (IgG) was observed to inhibit bovine IIa in all assays tested. This IgG was also able to slightly prolong fibrinogen clotting by human IIa. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay it was observed that the IgG bound to bovine IIa, bovine II, human IIa, but not to human II. Further, binding was detectable at approximately 50-fold lower concentrations to bovine IIa (1 nmol/L IgG concentration) than to human IIa (50 nmol/L IgG concentration). The effect of the antibody on the reaction between IIa and AT III/heparin was investigated. Human IIa was found to be protected from AT III/heparin neutralization in the presence of this antibody. These results suggest that this patient developed an antibody that strongly binds to and inhibits the bovine IIa in all assays tested. However, the antibody only significantly affects human IIa neutralization by AT III/heparin, and has little effect on the human IIa procoagulant activity. These data suggest that the decreased effect of AT III/heparin on this patient's IIa may have been a contributing factor in his coagulopathy. The exact cause of this antibody development is unclear, but the role of bovine topical thrombin used during cardiac valve replacement surgery is suspect.
Results of the first plasma campaign in a start configuration of GOL-NB multiple-mirror trap (2019)

Abstract The first plasma campaign was completed in a start configuration of the GOL-NB multiple-mirror trap. The device included a 4 m long high-field section, two end sections of magnetic flux expanders and a short temporary section for the commissioning of two 25 keV, 0.75 MW neutral beams. Low-temperature start plasma was created using a coaxial arc plasma gun. The main objective of the first experiments is to develop and characterize the low-temperature plasma stream that will be used later for filling the central trap of GOL-NB with the start plasma. The plasma parameters and operation regimes are reported.
HUMAN CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION IN HUMANIZED LIVER CHIMERIC MICE (2010)

Kawahara, T.1; Lisboa, L. F.S.2; Douglas, D. N.3; Mengel, M.4; Lewis, J.3; Humar, A.5; Kneteman, N. M.3 Author Information
On-chip Microwave to Optical Transduction Using Rare Earth Doped Materials (2021)

Rare-earth ions simultaneously coupled to optical and microwave resonators are one of the platforms for realizing efficient microwave to optical quantum transducers. I discuss our group’s recent progress towards this goal.
Intracellular Trafficking Studies Using Gold-Encapsulated Gelatin Nanoparticles: Figure 1. (2008)

INTRODUCTIONTrafficking of nanoparticles in cells is best carried out by encapsulation of electron-dense material (e.g., gold) in the nanoparticles and by visualizing them in the cell by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). This protocol describes the preparation of gold particles, their encapsulation in protein nanoparticles, culture conditions, and sample preparation for TEM.
Tunable photonic bandgap fiber based devices for optical networks (2005)

In future all optical networks one of the enabling technologies is tunable elements including reconfigurable routers, switches etc. Thus, the development of a technology platform that allows construction of tuning components is critical. Lately, microstructured optical fibers, filled with liquid crystals, have proven to be a candidate for such a platform. Microstructured optical fibers offer unique wave-guiding properties that are strongly related to the design of the air holes in the cladding of the fiber. These wave-guiding properties may be altered by filling the air holes with a material, for example a liquid crystal that changes optical properties when subjected to, for example, an optical or an electrical field. The utilization of these two basic properties allows design of tunable optical devices for optical networks. In this work, we focus on applications of such devices and discuss recent results.
Low resistance and high reflectivity Al based reflectors for p-GaN flip process (2007)

We report a high-power light-emitting diode (LED) scheme based on aluminum (Al) reflector, commonly used as an n-GaN ohmic contact. The Cu doped In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (5nm)/ITO (380nm) interlayer was deposited by electron beam evaporator and subsequently annealed at 500°C After annealing, we sputtered Al (400nm thick)/Ti-W (30nm) on the ITO interlayer to reflect the visible light. From the systematic experiment and the following analyses with InGaN/GaN multiple- quantum-well (MQW) LEDs, the reflectance of electrode based Al was measured to be ~ 90% at a wavelength of 450nm, which is higher than that of the common used Ni/Ag/Pt scheme. The forward- bias voltages of CIO/ITO/Al/Ti-W pelectrodes were as low as 3.2-3.3V. Furthermore, Al reflector showed higher thermal stability and lower leakage currents than those of typical Ag reflector, in which the mean leakage current of Ni/Ag and CIO/ITO/Al/Ti-W contacts were estimated to be 0.54, 0.12uA at an injection current of -5V, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Advances in Nonpeptide Glucagon Receptor Antagonists (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Work ability and quality of working life in atopic dermatitis patients treated with dupilumab (2021)

Atopic dermatitis is associated with work productivity loss. Little is known about how patients perceive their work ability and quality of working life, and how this is affected by treatment. Our primary objective was to investigate work ability and quality of working life at baseline and during treatment in the long term. A registry-embedded prospective observational cohort study was conducted consisting of patients with atopic dermatitis starting dupilumab in routine clinical care. The instruments used were the Work Ability Index (WAI; questions 1, 2, and 3) and the Quality of Working Life Questionnaire (QWLQ). Ninety-three patients were included of whom 72 were (self-)employed (77%). From baseline to 48 weeks, the mean WAI-1 score (general work ability, range 0-10) improved from 6.8 (±2.0) to 7.9 (±1.3), WAI-2 (physical work ability, range 1-5) from 3.7 (±0.9) to 4.3 (±0.7), and WAI-3 (mental/emotional work ability, range 1-5) from 3.4 (±0.9) to 3.9 (±0.8) (p = 0.001, p = 0.005, p < 0.001, respectively). The mean QWLQ total score improved from 74.0 (±9.1) to 77.5 (±9.6) and subscale "Problems due to health situation" improved from 37.4 (±22.3) to 61.5 (±23.1) (range 0-100; p = 0.032, p < 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis starting dupilumab report decreased work ability and quality of working life, mainly due to health-related problems. Significant improvement of work ability and quality of working life is observed with dupilumab treatment.
A Heterotopic Xenograft Model of Human Airways for Investigating Fibrosis in Asthma (2016)

Limited in vivo models exist to investigate the lung airway epithelial role in repair, regeneration, and pathology of chronic lung diseases. Herein, we introduce a novel animal model in asthma-a xenograft system integrating a differentiating human asthmatic airway epithelium with an actively remodeling rodent mesenchyme in an immunocompromised murine host. Human asthmatic and nonasthmatic airway epithelial cells were seeded into decellularized rat tracheas. Tracheas were ligated to a sterile cassette and implanted subcutaneously in the flanks of nude mice. Grafts were harvested at 2, 4, or 6 weeks for tissue histology, fibrillar collagen, and transforming growth factor-β activation analysis. We compared immunostaining in these xenografts to human lungs. Grafted epithelial cells generated a differentiated epithelium containing basal, ciliated, and mucus-expressing cells. By 4 weeks postengraftment, asthmatic epithelia showed decreased numbers of ciliated cells and decreased E-cadherin expression compared with nonasthmatic grafts, similar to human lungs. Grafts seeded with asthmatic epithelial cells had three times more fibrillar collagen and induction of transforming growth factor-β isoforms at 6 weeks postengraftment compared with nonasthmatic grafts. Asthmatic epithelium alone is sufficient to drive aberrant mesenchymal remodeling with fibrillar collagen deposition in asthmatic xenografts. Moreover, this xenograft system represents an advance over current asthma models in that it permits direct assessment of the epithelial-mesenchymal trophic unit.
An Accurate and Robust In-phase/Quadrature Skew Measurement for Coherent Optical Transmitter by Image Spectrum Analyzing (2017)

An accurate and robust in-phase/quadrature skew measurement method for coherent optical transmitter based on analyzing the shape of image spectrum is proposed. Experiments under various bias deviations of child/parent Mach-Zehnder modulators demonstrate the standard deviation of measured skew is 0.3ps.
Copper ions, prion protein and Aβ modulate Ca levels in central nervous system myelin in an NMDA receptor-dependent manner (2022)

As in neurons, CNS myelin expresses N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors (NMDARs) that subserve physiological roles, but have the potential to induce injury to this vital element. Using 2-photon imaging of myelinic Ca in live ex vivo mouse optic nerves, we show that Cu ions potently modulate Ca levels in an NMDAR-dependent manner. Chelating Cu in the perfusate induced a substantial increase in Ca levels, and also caused significant axo-myelinic injury. Myelinic NMDARs are shown to be regulated by cellular prion protein; only in prion protein KO optic nerves does application of NMDA + D-serine induce a large Ca increase, consistent with strong desensitization of these receptors in the presence of prion protein limiting Ca overload. Aβ<sub>1-42</sub> peptide induced a large Ca increase that was also Cu-dependent, and was blocked by NMDAR antagonism. Our results indicate that like in neurons, myelinic NMDARs permeate potentially injurious amounts of Ca, and are also potently regulated by micromolar Cu and activated by Aβ<sub>1-42</sub> peptides. These findings shed mechanistic light on the important primary white matter injury frequently observed in Alzheimer's brain.
Molecular Simulation and Experimental Study of Substituted Polyacetylenes:  Fractional Free Volume, Cavity Size Distributions and Diffusion Coefficients (2006)

Glassy, disubstituted acetylene-based polymers exhibit extremely high gas permeabilities and high vapor/gas selectivities, which is quite unusual for conventional glassy polymers such as polysulfone. Diffusion coefficients of poly[1-phenyl-2-[p-(trimethylsilyl)phenyl]acetylene] (PTMSDPA) and poly[diphenylacetylene] (PDPA) were obtained using both molecular simulation and experimental techniques. PTMSDPA, a disubstituted glassy acetylene-based polymer, exhibits higher diffusivity than its desilylated analogue, PDPA. Simulation results are in good agreement with experimental data. Cavity size (free volume) distributions of both polymers are also obtained using an energetic-based algorithm (in't Veld et al., J. Phys. Chem. B 2000, 104, 12028) developed recently. Larger cavities in PTMSDPA contribute to its higher diffusivity, and higher permeability.
ChemInform Abstract: Multiple Arylation of Phenols around the Oxygen under Palladium Catalysis. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Electrolyte design strategies and research progress for room-temperature sodium-ion batteries (2017)

Electrolyte design or functional development is very effective at promoting the performance of sodium-ion batteries, which are attractive for electrochemical energy storage devices due to abundant sodium resources and low cost. The roadmap of the sodium ion batteries based on electrolyte materials was drawn firstly and shows that the electrolyte type decides the electrochemical window and energy density.
Magnetic Nanoparticle Hyperthermia Cancer Therapy Temperature Distribution Modeling and Validation (2013)

The use of magnetic nanoparticles (mNP’s) in hyperthermia therapy for the treatment of cancer has been receiving increasing interest in the past few decades. It is known that heating cancerous tissues to temperatures above physiologically normal levels will cause cytotoxicity. In mNP hyperthermia, mNP’s are either injected intravenously or directly into the tumor site. In many tumor types the nanoparticles are invaginated into the cancer cells and aggregated into endosomes. Local temperature increases are achievable by exposing tumors containing mNP’s to an alternating magnetic field (AMF). The proximity of the mNP’s has a strong influence on their ability to generate heat due to inter-particle magnetic interaction effects [1, 2]. Taking this effect into account is important when modeling the heating characteristics of mNP’s.
Identification and characterization of striatal cell subtypes using in vivo intracellular recording and dye‐labeling in rats. III. Morphological correlates and compartmental localization (1994)

In the first two reports of this series, in vivo intracellular recording techniques were used to characterize the electrophysiological properties of two types of striatal neurons that had been identified by their distinct response patterns to stimulation of corticostriatal afferents. In this paper, we examined whether cells showing Type I or Type II response patterns also differed with respect to their morphology or compartmental localization by combining intracellular recording and Lucifer yellow staining with immunocytochemical localization of calbindin 28 kd immunoreactivity. In the majority of cases, both Type I and Type II neurons exhibited similar morphological characteristics, with 80% of the Type I cells (13/16) and all of the Type II cells (n = 40) being small or medium spiny neurons. In each case where the morphological class of the cell was different than the spiny cell class, the cell exhibited a Type I response pattern. These spiny neurons had somata that averaged 17.1 +/- 1.3 microns in diameter and gave rise to between four and eight primary dendrites. The axons typically arose from cell bodies (7/13 for Type I and 25/40 for Type II cells) and emitted extensive local axonal collaterals. However, the axons of Type I cells more frequently originated from the dorsal surface of the somata (9/13; 69%), whereas Type II axons more frequently arose from the ventral surface of the somata (25/35; 71%), which may account for their different extracellular waveforms. In coronally sectioned tissue (n = 18), the axons always projected laterally when the somata were located in the medial striatum and projected medially when the somata were in the lateral striatal region. In a subset of experiments (N = 22), Lucifer yellow-stained neurons were localized with respect to their position within the patch and matrix compartments of the striatum using subsequent staining for calbindin 28 kd immunoreactivity. Of the 20 labeled medium spiny neurons examined (Type II: N = 13; Type I: N = 7), 19 were located in the calbindin-positive matrix compartment. The only neuron localized to the patch compartment was a medium spiny cell that exhibited a Type II paired impulse response pattern. In addition, of the two aspiny neurons from this group with beaded dendrites, one was localized to the border between adjacent patch and matrix compartments, whereas the other was located completely within the matrix compartment. Therefore, despite their distinct paired impulse response patterns, the majority of both Type I and Type II neurons were medium spiny cells located in the matrix compartment of the striatum.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Functional Photonic Switching Device by Vertical and Direct Integration of Six Heterojunction Phototransistors and Two Laser Diodes (1993)

Photonic switching device composed of six heterojunction phototransistors and two laser diodes is developed. The device optically-controlled multilevel latch and erase functions and multilevel flip-flop functions.
Passive Measurement of Organic-Scintillator Neutron Signatures for Nuclear Safeguards Applications (2012)

At nuclear facilities, domestically and internationally, most measurement systems used for nuclear materials’ control and accountability rely on He-3 detectors. Due to resource shortages, alternatives to He-3 systems are needed. This paper presents preliminary simulation and experimental efforts to develop a fast-neutron-multiplicity counter based on liquid organic scintillators. This mission also provides the opportunity to broaden the capabilities of such safeguards measurement systems to improve current neutron-multiplicity techniques and expand the scope to encompass advanced nuclear fuels.
Health and population effects of rare gene knockouts in adult humans with related parents (2015)

Abstract: Complete gene knockouts are highly informative about gene function. We exome sequenced 3,222 British Pakistani-heritage adults with high parental relatedness, discovering 1,111 rare-variant homozygous likely loss of function (rhLOF) genotypes predicted to disrupt (knockout) 781 genes. Based on depletion of rhLOF genotypes, we estimate that 13.6% of knockouts are incompatible with adult life, finding on average 1.6 heterozygous recessive lethal LOF variants per adult. Linking to lifelong health records, we observed no association of rhLOF genotypes with prescription- or doctor-consultation rate, and no disease-related phenotypes in 33 of 42 individuals with rhLOF genotypes in recessive Mendelian disease genes. Phased genome sequencing of a healthy PRDM9 knockout mother, her child and controls, showed meiotic recombination sites localised away from PRDM9 -dependent hotspots, demonstrating PRDM9 redundancy in humans.
Transmission of slow light through photonic crystal waveguide bends (2006)

The spectral dependence of the bending loss of cascaded 60 degrees bends in photonic crystal (PhC) waveguides is explored in a slab-type silicon-on-insulator system. An ultralow bending loss of (0.05 +/- 0.03) dB/bend is measured at wavelengths corresponding to the nearly dispersionless transmission regime. In contrast, the PhC bend is found to become completely opaque for wavelengths corresponding to the slow-light regime. A general strategy is presented and experimentally verified to optimize the bend design for improved slow-light transmission.
White Light Seeded Broadband 6-µm Parametric Amplifier System Driven by a Sub-ps Ho:YAG Chirped Pulse Amplifier (2016)

A novel broadband 6-µm parametric amplifier driven by a fs 2.1-µm Ho:YAG chirped-pulse amplifier is demonstrated. It offers an all-in-one solution for seeding, pumping, and CEP-stabilization of few-cycle pulses in ZnGeP2 and similar mid-IR crystals.
On-Chip Determination of C-Reactive Protein Using Magnetic Particles in Continuous Flow (2014)

We demonstrate the application of a multilaminar flow platform, in which functionalized magnetic particles are deflected through alternating laminar flow streams of reagents and washing solutions via an external magnet, for the rapid detection of the inflammatory biomarker, C-reactive protein (CRP). The two-step sandwich immunoassay was accomplished in less than 60 s, a vast improvement on the 80-300 min time frame required for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and the 50 min necessary for off-chip magnetic particle-based assays. The combination of continuous flow and a stationary magnet enables a degree of autonomy in the system, while a detection limit of 0.87 μg mL(-1) makes it suitable for the determination of CRP concentrations in clinical diagnostics. Its applicability was further proven by assaying real human serum samples and comparing those results to values obtained using standard ELISA tests.
Full wing qualification testing and incremental program update for the solar probe plus array (2016)

As the Solar Probe Plus (SPP) program moves into the flight hardware build phase, the final testing of the qualification panel has been completed. The rigorous testing is many orders of magnitude more intensive than that used for standard earth-orbit missions. Testing under high irradiance, high temperature conditions over large areas poses design and logistic challenges, which have spurred innovation in steady state illumination. New test hardware of interest include a large area LED simulator capable of 6X AM0 string currents while the panel is under vacuum, along with an LED light source to supply greater than 22X AM0 string currents while the panel is at atmosphere. In addition, silicone degradation comparison via LED and broadband light sources is presented, along with a novel method to improve the EOL performance of the SPP solar arrays through pre-flight ultraviolet illuminated outgassing.
Synthesis and Applications of a Light-Fluorous Glycosyl Donor (2009)

A new method using a light-fluorous glycosyl donor and an orthogonal tagging strategy to synthesize oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates has been developed. The glycosyl donor orthogonally protected with a C8F17-silyl tag and benzoyl groups was reacted with excess amounts of glycosyl acceptor. Fluorous solid-phase extraction separated the glycosylated product and unreacted glycosyl acceptor. This new protocol has high reaction efficiency and easy separation, which was demonstrated in the synthesis of an unprotected trisaccharide and an O-glycosylated serine in this paper.
Correction of NR2E3 Associated Enhanced S-cone Syndrome Patient-specific iPSCs using CRISPR-Cas9 (2019)

Enhanced S-cone syndrome (ESCS) is caused by recessive mutations in the photoreceptor cell transcription factor <i>NR2E3</i>. Loss of <i>NR2E3</i> is characterized by repression of rod photoreceptor cell gene expression, over-expansion of the S-cone photoreceptor cell population, and varying degrees of M- and L-cone photoreceptor cell development. In this study, we developed a CRISPR-based homology-directed repair strategy and corrected two different disease-causing <i>NR2E3</i> mutations in patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) generated from two affected individuals. In addition, one patient's iPSCs were differentiated into retinal cells and <i>NR2E3</i> transcription was evaluated in CRISPR corrected and uncorrected clones. The patient's c.119-2A>C mutation caused the inclusion of a portion of intron 1, the creation of a frame shift, and generation of a premature stop codon. In summary, we used a single set of CRISPR reagents to correct different mutations in iPSCs generated from two individuals with ESCS. In doing so we demonstrate the advantage of using retinal cells derived from affected patients over artificial in vitro model systems when attempting to demonstrate pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific mutations.