gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Models for Conformationally Dynamic Metallocenes. Copolymerization Behavior of the Unbridged Metallocene (1-Methyl-2-phenylindenyl)(2-phenylindenyl)zirconium Dichloride (2002)

The metallocene (1-methyl-2-phenylindenyl)(2-phenylindenyl)zirconium dichloride (2) was synthesized and its propylene homopolymerization and ethylene/propylene (EP) copolymerization behavior investigated. This metallocene yields polypropylenes of lower tacticity than the unsubstituted bis(2-phenylindenyl)zirconium dichloride (1). Four bridged model compounds anti- and syn-dimethylsilylbis(2-phenylindenyl)zirconium dichloride (anti-3 and syn-3, respectively) and their 3-methyl-substituted analogues anti- and syn-dimethylsilyl(3-methyl-2-phenylindenyl)(2-phenylindenyl)zirconium dichloride (anti-4 and syn-4, respectively) were prepared to model the catalytic behavior of 2. These studies suggest that the conformational isomer modeled by metallocene syn-3 is the major contributor to the overall behavior of 2 in propylene homopolymerization. While the introduction of a methyl group onto one of the 2-phenylindenyl ligands strongly influences the structure of the resulting polypropylenes, the copolymers obtained from 2 and all four bridged metallocenes were quite similar, revealing similar copolymerization behavior for both the bridged and unbridged metallocenes.
Self-Assembly of a Copper-Ligating Dendrimer that Provides a New Non-Heme Metalloprotein Mimic:  “Dendrimer Effects” on Stability of the Bis(μ-oxo)dicopper(III) Core (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTSelf-Assembly of a Copper-Ligating Dendrimer that Provides a New Non-Heme Metalloprotein Mimic: "Dendrimer Effects" on Stability of the Bis(μ-oxo)dicopper(III) CoreMasashi Enomoto and Takuzo AidaView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 4, 874–875Publication Date (Web):January 14, 1999Publication History Received30 June 1998Revised8 December 1998Published online14 January 1999Published inissue 1 February 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja982282xhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja982282xrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views676Altmetric-Citations104LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Absorption,Dendrons,Half-life,Organic reactions,Stability Get e-Alerts
Simplifying products of fractional powers of powers (2012)

Most computer algebra systems incorrectly simplify (z - z)/(sqrt(w^2)/w^3 - 1/(w*sqrt(w^2))) to 0 rather than to 0/0. The reasons for this are: 1. The default simplification doesn't succeed in simplifying the denominator to 0. 2. There is a rule that 0 is the result of 0 divided by anything that doesn't simplify to either 0 or 0/0. Try it on your computer algebra systems! This article describes how to simplify products of the form w^a*(w^b1)^g1 ... (w^bn)^gn correctly and well, where w is any real or complex expression and the exponents are rational numbers. It might seem that correct good simplification of such a restrictive expression class must already be published and/or built into at least one widely used computer-algebra system, but apparently this issue has been overlooked. Default and relevant optional simplification was tested with 86 examples for n=1 on Derive, Maple, Mathematica, Maxima and TI-CAS. Totaled over all five systems, 11% of the results were not equivalent to the input everywhere, 50% of the results did not simplify to 0 a result that was equivalent to 0, and at least 16% of the results exhibited one or more of four additional flaw types. There was substantial room for improvement in all five systems, including the two for which I was a co-author. The good news is: These flaws are easy to fix.
Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 improves impaired dermal wound healing in old mice (2015)

The process of skin wound healing is delayed or impaired in aging animals. To investigate the possible role of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) in cutaneous wound healing of aged mice, we have applied the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1. The SkQ1 treatment resulted in accelerated resolution of the inflammatory phase, formation of granulation tissue, vascularization and epithelization of the wounds. The wounds of SkQ1-treated mice contained increased amount of myofibroblasts which produce extracellular matrix proteins and growth factors mediating granulation tissue formation. This effect resembled SkQ1-induced differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblast, observed earlierin vitro. The Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGFb) produced by SkQ1-treated fibroblasts was found to stimulated motility of endothelial cells in vitro, an effect which may underlie pro-angiogenic action of SkQ1 in the wounds. In vitro experiments showed that SkQ1 prevented decomposition of VE-cadherin containing contacts and following increase in permeability of endothelial cells monolayer, induced by pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF. Prevention of excessive reaction of endothelium to the pro-inflammatory cytokine(s) might account for anti-inflammatory effect of SkQ1. Our findings point to an important role of mtROS in pathogenesis of age-related chronic wounds.
Novel 2- and 5-Azido-N-(diphenylcarbamoyl)proline Methyl Esters. Examples of a Novel Proline Oxidation (1995)

The crystal structures of two azido-substituted proline derivatives are reported. Racemic 2-azido-1-(diphenyl-carbamoyl)proline methyl ester, (I), C19H19N5O3, is resolved upon crystallization from methylene chloride-diethyl ether. The azido moieties are nonlinear with N--N--N angles of 173 (1) and 170.3 (2) degrees for (I) and (II) [cis-5-azido-N-(diphenylcarbamoyl)proline methyl ester, C19H19N5O3], respectively. Close intramolecular contacts between the carbonyl O atom of the amide and the central N atom of the azido group are found. The contact distances between N7 and O14 are 2.780 (14) and 2.815 (2) A for (I) and (II), respectively.
Alopecia areata after COVID-19 vaccination: two cases and review of the literature (2022)

Alopecia Areata (AA) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by hair loss, due to a T-lymphocyte-mediated inflammatory response targeting anagen-phase hair follicles. Former studies have suggested that vaccination and viral infections may play a role in the onset of AA through a variety of different mechanisms. We report here two cases of AA following COVID-19 vaccination.
Numerical Modeling of Cryogenic Temperature Sensors Based on Plasmonic Oscillations in Metallic Nanoparticles Embedded Into Photonic Crystal Fibers (2007)

We perform a numerical investigation on the operation of an inline temperature sensor based on the inclusion of metallic nanoparticles into photonic crystal fibers (PCFs). This creates a simple, yet robust, platform which can be used to investigate the properties of nanoparticles, for sensing, spectroscopy, and optical switching applications. The optical response of gold nanoparticles embedded in the PCF matrix was evaluated as a function of temperature and the use of the structure as an inline fiber-optic temperature sensor is theoretically described. A blue-shift in the localized surface plasmon resonance related peak, as well as narrowing of the plasmon resonance, was observed upon decreasing the temperature of the nanoparticle embedded into the PCF at very low temperatures, thus permitting the operation of this sensing platform at cryogenic temperatures
Genetic Algorithm Optimization of Wire Antennas (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction GA Design of Electrically Loaded Wire Antennas GA Design of Three-Dimensional Crooked-Wire Antennas GA Design of Planar Crooked-Wire and Meander-Line Antennas GA Design of Yagi–Uda Antennas
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Review article: somatostatin analogues in the treatment of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine (carcinoid) tumours. (2010)

BACKGROUND: The discovery of somatostatin (SST) and the synthesis of a variety of analogues constituted a major therapeutic advance in the treatment of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine (carcinoid) tumours (GEP-NETs). They currently provide the most efficient treatment to achieve symptomatic relief and have recently been demonstrated to inhibit tumour growth.AIM: To review 35 years of experience regarding the clinical application and efficacy of SST analogues.METHODS: The PubMed database (1972-2009) was searched using somatostatin as a search term with combinations of terms including 'treatment'; 'neuroendocrine'; 'carcinoid'; 'tumor'; 'octreotide'; 'lanreotide' and 'pasireotide'.RESULTS: In a review of 15 studies including 481 patients, the slow-release formulations Sandostatin LAR and Somatuline SR/Autogel achieved symptomatic relief in 74.2% (61.9-92.8%) and 67.5% (40.0-100%), biochemical response in 51.4% (31.5-100%) and 39.0% (17.9-58%), and tumour response in 69.8% (47.0-87.5%) and 64.4% (48.0-87.0%) respectively. Novel SST analogues like SOM230 (pasireotide) that exhibit pan SST receptor activity and analogues with high affinity to specific somatostatin receptor (sstr) subtypes may further advance the field, but efficacy studies are lacking.CONCLUSION: As more precise understanding of NET cell biology evolves and molecular biological tools advance, more accurate identification of individual tumours sstr profile will probably facilitate a more precise delineation of SST analogue treatment. PMID: 19845567
Impact on OPC treatment accuracy due to illumination pupil shape deviation for 110-nm target CD (2002)

We have investigated the impact due to subtle deviation form the actual illumination pupil shape to the intended setting. We show that the impact on resist CD prediction is a function of feature pitch and the predicted CD error can be significant. Consequently, the calculated MEEF through pitch can also be notably different for the non-uniform illumination aperture plane. In this study, we have investigated CD error and MEEF through pitch for 6 percent attenuated PSM and CPL mask using LithoCruiser. The annular non-ideal illumination aperture plane used in this investigation is generated externally and then imported into LithoCruiser. Here a small percentage of pixel deviation is introduced into the shape of the annular aperture to emulate the possible error that could occur in a scanner. Gaussian and SuperGaussian intensity distributions are used to compare with the ideal rectangular intensity profile. We found that the shape deviation of the distributions are used to compare with the ideal rectangular intensity profile. We found that the shape deviation of the aperture can cause a larger CD error compared to intensity variation at the aperture can cause a larger CD error compared to intensity variation at the aperture plane. It appears that the CD error and the MEEF are both larger for 6 percent attPSM than CPL mask. We have shown that by applying OPC, it is possible to reduce the predicted CD error caused by 'non-ideal' illumination aperture. The presented simulations are performed at NA equals 0.8 using KrF.
Supplementary Materials & Legends from Relationship of Gene Expression and Chromosomal Abnormalities in Colorectal Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Materials &amp; Legends from Relationship of Gene Expression and Chromosomal Abnormalities in Colorectal Cancer
Electrical Resistivity and Morphology of Sn<sub>1&minus;</sub><i><sub>x</sub></i>/Si<i><sub>x</sub></i> Core&ndash;Shell Cluster Network Prepared by a Plasma-Gas-Condensation Cluster Source (2012)

Sn1−x/Six cluster assembled films have been prepared by a plasma-gas-condensation cluster beam deposition apparatus. Transmission electron microscope images indicate that individual clusters have core–shell morphology, where Sn cores are covered by Si shells. Temperature dependence of electrical resistivity exhibits a metallic behavior and a superconducting transition at low temperature for 0 < x < 0.20, while a semiconductor-type behavior and no superconductivity down to 2 K for x > 0.29. These results indicate that the cluster network and/or core–shell morphology Sn1−x/Six cluster assembled films changes with x.
Two-Part Models Capture the Impact of Gain on Pointing Performance (2012)

We establish that two-part models of pointing performance (Welford’s model) describe pointing on a computer display significantly better than traditional one-part models (Fitts’s Law). We explore the space of pointing models and describe how independent contributions of movement amplitude and target width to pointing time can be captured in a parameter k . Through a reanalysis of data from related work we demonstrate that one-part formulations are fragile in describing pointing performance, and that this fragility is present for various devices and techniques. We show that this same data can be significantly better described using two-part models. Finally, we demonstrate through further analysis of previous work and new experimental data that k increases linearly with gain. Our primary contribution is the demonstration that Fitts’s Law is more limited in applicability than previously appreciated, and that more robust models, such as Welford’s formulation, should be adopted in many cases of practical interest.
Investigation of Nanoparticles Occurring in the Colloidal Silicalite-1 Zeolite Crystallization Process Using Dissolution Experiments (2010)

In concentrated clear sol prepared from tetraethylorthosilicate, tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, and water suitable for crystallization of Silicalite-1 zeolite, the main part of the silica is present in nanoparticles. The nature of these nanoparticles and their evolution during the induction period and the stage of early crystal growth was investigated via dissolution experiments in the presence of excess TPAOH. The dissolution process was monitored in situ using static and dynamic light scattering (SLS/DLS) and synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The complete dissolution of an individual nanoparticle was observed to occur in one step. Dissolution transformed a nanoparticle into a cluster of silicate oligomers. Larger grown nanoparticles dissolved slower. Exponential dissolution rate constants scaled inversely proportional with the volume of the nanoparticle’s silica core. This experimentally observed dissolution behavior was modeled by assuming that a nanoparticle dissolved to oligomers via a series of partially dissolved nanoparticles that correspond to metastable intermediate states of increasing free energy. The resulting free energy barrier that has to be overcome by a dissolving nanoparticle could be derived from the experimental input. The idealized free energy profile provided a qualitative explanation for the apparent instantaneous disintegration of entire nanoparticles.
Design of Dual-Band Coupler With Arbitrary Power Division Ratios and Phase Differences (2014)

This paper presents, for the first time, a directional coupler that allows for arbitrary power division ratios as well as arbitrary phase differences at dual frequencies of interest. Explicit design equations in terms of dual-band power-dividing ratios and phase differences will be given here and were derived based on the even- and odd-mode decomposition analysis. To illustrate the design procedure, examples will be provided and the relevant studies on the coupler's electrical parameters for a wide range of dual-band specifications and frequency ratios were conducted, by which the graphical solutions can be readily used as the further design tool. In addition, the resulting operational bandwidths are included and discussed for completeness. To validate our idea, four coupler prototypes were carried out according to the given guidelines. Excellent agreement is obtained between the measured and full-wave calculated results. The functional versatility of the proposed simple structure is well suited to applications in dual-band integrated modules, such as the beam-forming networks, for both loss and size reduction.
Critical Components of the Pluripotency Network Are Targets for the p300/CBP Interacting Protein (p/CIP) in Embryonic Stem Cells (2013)

p/CIP, also known as steroid receptor coactivator 3 (SRC-3)/Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 3 (NCoA3), is a transcriptional coactivator that binds liganded nuclear hormone receptors, as well as other transcription factors, and facilitates transcription through direct recruitment of accessory factors. We have found that p/CIP is highly expressed in undifferentiated mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) and is downregulated during differentiation. siRNA-mediated knockdown of p/CIP decreased transcript levels of Nanog, but not Oct4 or Sox2. Microarray expression analysis showed that Klf4, Tbx3, and Dax-1 are significantly downregulated in mESCs when p/CIP is knocked down. Subsequent chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis demonstrated that Tbx3, Klf4, and Dax-1 are direct transcriptional targets of p/CIP. Using the piggyBac transposition system, a mouse ESC line that expresses Flag-p/CIP in a doxycycline-dependent manner was generated. p/CIP overexpression increased the level of target genes and promoted the formation of undifferentiated colonies. Collectively, these results indicate that p/CIP contributes to the maintenance of ESC pluripotency through direct regulation of essential pluripotency genes. To better understand the mechanism by which p/CIP functions in ESC pluripotency, we integrated our ChIP and transcriptome data with published protein-protein interaction and promoter occupancy data to draft a p/CIP gene regulatory network. The p/CIP gene regulatory network identifies various feed-forward modules including one in which p/CIP activates members of the extended pluripotency network, demonstrating that p/CIP is a component of this extended network.
RTN impact on data-retention failure/recovery in scaled (∼1Ynm) TLC NAND flash memories (2017)

RTN (Random Telegraph Noise) impact on data-retention failure/recovery mechanism has been investigated in scaled (~1Ynm) 2-dimensional (2D) TLC (3bits/cell) NAND flash memories. The data-retention failure is caused by the electron de-trapping from the tunnel oxide in memory cells, which have 5~8 times higher population of large threshold voltage shift by RTN (ΔV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH_RTN</sub> ) than normal memory cells. Also, it is found that failure memory cells are selectively recovered by a repeated read operation due to re-trapped electrons to trap site. This phenomenon is observed as large positive ΔV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th_rtn</sub> . In addition, the scaling trend of RTN is evaluated beyond 1Ynm cell. It is shown that ΔV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th_rtn</sub> is increased along with 1/(WL) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sup> · <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">84</sup> , which has much severer scaling projection than previous reports [1][2]·.
In vivo assessment of the therapeutic effects of lyophilized leech saliva extract from (Huridinaria manillensis) on LNCaP tumor xenograft model in nude mice. (2015)

271 Background: Ancient traditional physicians from many countries used leeching to treat a wide range of diseases for thousands of years. A large number of peptides and proteins have been identified and characterized in leech saliva extract (LSE), including anti-thrombotic agents, cancer metastasis inhibitors and anti-microbials Currently, leech therapy is established as an important tool in microsurgery and reconstructive operations having demonstrated superior clinical outcomes for the optimal salvage of grafted tissues. Methods: In the current study, we have determined the in vivo efficacy of LSE from (Huridinaria manillensis) on castration resistant LNCaP xenograft mouse model. Mice were divided into three groups of six, mice were subcutaneously injected with either LSE (5 mg/kg), docetaxel (10 mg/kg), or vehicle once a week. PSA and tumor volume were measured weekly. After four weeks of treatment, mice were euthanized, tumors and organs were collected for transcriptome and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Results: There was a significant decrease in the tumor volume and PSA with either docetaxel (10mg/kg) or LSE (5 mg/kg) treated groups compared to the control. While there was no significant difference between the anti-tumor activity of docetaxel (10mg/kg) and LSE (5 mg/kg). IHC showed significant increase in caspase-3 and significant decrease in Ki-67 and PCNA expression in the LSE treated mice compared to the control group. Interestingly, transcriptome analysis of tumor samples showed that LSE modulated cytokine production, monocyte adhesion, steroidogenesis, and P38 MAPK signaling pathways. Conclusions: LSE has significant anti-tumor activity in LNCaP tumor xenograft models with no apparent side effects. This can be attributed, at least partly, to its inhibition of cellular proliferation, induction of apoptosis, modulation of immunity and steroidogenesis.
Effectiveness of Bacillus thuringiensis serovar. israelensis (Vectobac 12 AS) and Bacillus sphaericus 2362 (ABG-6232) against Culex spp. Mosquitoes in a Dairy Lagoon in Central Florida (1989)

Arshad Ali, Michael S. Weaver, Eric Cotsenmoyer, Effectiveness of Bacillus thuringiensis serovar. israelensis (Vectobac 12 AS) and Bacillus sphaericus 2362 (ABG-6232) against Culex spp. Mosquitoes in a Dairy Lagoon in Central Florida, The Florida Entomologist, Vol. 72, No. 4 (Dec., 1989), pp. 585-591