gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detection of a rotation barrier around a bond between heavier Main Group 3 and 5 elements (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetection of a rotation barrier around a bond between heavier Main Group 3 and 5 elementsMark A. Petrie, Karin Ruhlandt-Senge, and Philip P. PowerCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 20, 4038–4039Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00046a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00046a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views84Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Calcium-sensing receptor is a physiologic multimodal chemosensor regulating gastric G-cell growth and gastrin secretion (2010)

The calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) is the major sensor and regulator of extracellular Ca(2+), whose activity is allosterically regulated by amino acids and pH. Recently, CaR has been identified in the stomach and intestinal tract, where it has been proposed to function in a non-Ca(2+) homeostatic capacity. Luminal nutrients, such as Ca(2+) and amino acids, have been recognized for decades as potent stimulants for gastrin and acid secretion, although the molecular basis for their recognition remains unknown. The expression of CaR on gastrin-secreting G cells in the stomach and their shared activation by Ca(2+), amino acids, and elevated pH suggest that CaR may function as the elusive physiologic sensor regulating gastrin and acid secretion. The genetic and pharmacologic studies presented here comparing CaR-null mice and wild-type littermates support this hypothesis. Gavage of Ca(2+), peptone, phenylalanine, Hepes buffer (pH 7.4), and CaR-specific calcimimetic, cinacalcet, stimulated gastrin and acid secretion, whereas the calcilytic, NPS 2143, inhibited secretion only in the wild-type mouse. Consistent with known growth and developmental functions of CaR, G-cell number was progressively reduced between 30 and 90 d of age by more than 65% in CaR-null mice. These studies of nutrient-regulated G-cell gastrin secretion and growth provide definitive evidence that CaR functions as a physiologically relevant multimodal sensor. Medicinals targeting diseases of Ca(2+) homeostasis should be reviewed for effects outside traditional Ca(2+)-regulating tissues in view of the broader distribution and function of CaR.
ChemInform Abstract: TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF (.+‐.)‐CORONAFACIC ACID (1981)

Abstract Ausgehend vom Cyclopentenaldehyd (I) wird auf dem angegebenen Weg die Säure (VIII) hergestellt.
Population isolation shapes plant genetics, phenotype and germination in naturally patchy ecosystems (2016)

Habitat connectivity is important in conservation since isolation can diminish the potential of a population for adaptation and increase its risk of extinction. However, conservation of naturally patchy ecosystems such as peatlands has mainly focused on preserving specific sites with exceptional characteristics, neglecting the potential interconnectivity between patches. In order to better understand plant dynamics within a peatland network, we assessed the effect of population isolation on genetic distinctiveness, phenotypic variations and germination rates using the peatland-obligate whitefringed orchid (Platanthera blephariglottis).
Towards a Safety Case for Hardware Fault Tolerance in Convolutional Neural Networks Using Activation Range Supervision (2021)

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have become an established part of numerous safety-critical computer vision applications, including human robot interactions and automated driving. Real-world implementations will need to guarantee their robustness against hardware soft errors corrupting the underlying platform memory. Based on the previously observed efficacy of activation clipping techniques, we build a prototypical safety case for classifier CNNs by demonstrating that range supervision represents a highly reliable fault detector and mitigator with respect to relevant bit flips, adopting an eight-exponent floating point data representation. We further explore novel, non-uniform range restriction methods that effectively suppress the probability of silent data corruptions and uncorrectable errors. As a safety-relevant end-to-end use case, we showcase the benefit of our approach in a vehicle classification scenario, using ResNet-50 and the traffic camera data set MIOVision. The quantitative evidence provided in this work can be leveraged to inspire further and possibly more complex CNN safety arguments.
Classroom "Families": Cooperating or Competing-Girls' and Boys' Interactional Styles in a Bilingual Classroom (2001)

Abstract This article examines how students use gendered discourse practices in small peer group settings to accomplish their school tasks. The analysis contributes to the separate worlds hypothesis by showing how Latino children interactionally orient to their peer group as a gendered context. For 1 academic year, observations were made in an elementary bilingual classroom. The target 3rd-grade teacher referred to her student groups as "families," a label that emerged as a legitimizing metaphor for the group's collective action. In cooperating and competing to accomplish their school tasks, the students strategically used Spanish and English. Further, the girls in the "family" adopted a brokering role to facilitate group cooperation much as they would in their actual families. For bilingual children, gender differences are played out within a cultural milieu created at the junctures of home and classroom and at the intersection of language and ethnic identity.
Clinical Practice Guidelines and Comorbid Diseases: A MiniZinc Representation of Guideline Models for Mitigating Adverse Interactions (2013)

Managing a patient with comorbid diseases according to multiple clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) may result in adverse interactions that need to be mitigated (identified and addressed) so a safe therapy can be devised. However, mitigation poses both clinical and methodological challenges. It requires extensive domain knowledge and calls for advanced CPG models and efficient algorithms to process them. We respond to the above challenges by describing our algorithm that mitigates interactions between pairs of CPGs. The algorithm creates logical models of analyzed CPGs and uses constraint logic programming (CLP) together with domain knowledge, codified as interaction and revision operators, to process them. Logical CPG models are transformed into CLP-CPG models that are solved to find a safe therapy. We represent these CLP-CPG models using MiniZinc, a standard language for CLP models. As motivation and illustration of our mitigation algorithm we use a clinical case study describing a patient managed for hypertension and deep vein thrombosis according to two individual CPGs. We apply the algorithm to this scenario and present MiniZinc representations of the constructed CLP-CPG models.
A Multidrug Delivery System Using a Piezoelectrically Actuated Silicon Valve Manifold With Embedded Sensors (2010)

This paper describes a drug delivery system for chronic pain that can accommodate multidrug protocols. An element that is important to the function of the system is a customized silicon micromachined valve manifold. Each valve is piezoelectrically actuated and operates by pressing an elongated valve seat against a shared glass substrate. The dual-valve substrate has two inlets and one outlet; a piezoresistive pressure sensor is embedded in the Si structure near each of these three ports. The sensors, which permit closed-loop control and error monitoring of the flow rate, have a typical sensitivity of 698 ppm/kPa. The 1 × 1.5 × 3 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> manifold provides modulation and mixing capabilities. The manifold is integrated into a stainless steel housing with a total volume of 130 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> and a reservoir volume of 40 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> . Two spring-loaded polyethylene reservoirs feed the valve manifold at pressures up to 0.52 kPa/mL. Benchtop tests of bolus and continuous flow delivery demonstrate flow rates ranging from 2.30 to 0.51 mL/h. (Both larger and smaller rates can be achieved by adjusting the parameters of the manifold valves or reservoir springs.) Additional tests suggest that the system can compensate for changes in spinal fluid pressure and that pressure profiles can be used to detect catheter occlusions and disconnects.
3D optical contrast-recovery in MR guided diffuse optical spectroscopy (2009)

It is well known that diffuse optical tomography (DOT) has limited spatial resolution, and sufficient contrast recovery is limited to lesions greater than ~6 mm[1]. However, with the addition of multimodality methods that combine high spatial resolution imaging, such as MRI, it has been shown that quantification and feature recovery improves[2]. However, it is not known how well MRg-DOS will perform with characterizing small lesions in 3D. These limits need to be established in order to determine the practical limitations of optical imaging. This paper investigates the contrast resolution limits of 3 dimensional MRg-DOS. Short irregular inclusions of various diameters are added to a homogeneous background. Two case studies are presented which represent these limiting situations.
Improving the radiative decay rate for dye molecules with hyperbolic metamaterials (2012)

We directly demonstrate an improvement in the radiative decay rate of dye molecules near multilayer hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs). Our comprehensive study shows a radiative decay rate for rhodamine 800 (Rh800) that is several times higher due to the use of HMM samples as compared to dielectric substrates. This is also the first experimental demonstration that multilayer hyperbolic metamaterials provide an increase in the radiative decay rate relative to those from either thin or thick gold films.
Houlogénérateurs : projets, verrous et quelques solutions (2016)

International audience
DNA sequence properties that predict susceptibility to epiallelic switching (2016)

Abstract Transgenerationally heritable epialleles are defined by the stable propagation of alternative transcriptional states through mitotic and meiotic cell cycles. Given that the propagation of DNA methylation at CpG sites, mediated in Arabidopsis by MET1, plays a central role in epigenetic inheritance, we examined genome-wide DNA methylation in partial and complete loss-of-function met1 mutants. We interpreted the data in relation to transgenerational epiallelic stability and provide evidence that DNA sequence features such as density of CpGs and genomic repetitiveness can be used to predict susceptibility to epiallelic switching. The importance of these rules was confirmed by analyses of common epialleles in natural Arabidopsis accessions and verified in rice.
On-chip sensing of volatile organic compounds in water by hybrid polymer and silicon photonic-crystal slot-waveguide devices (2012)

Lab-on-chip integrated infrared spectroscopy and sensing with hybrid polymer and silicon photonic crystal slot waveguides is demonstrated for the specific and selective identification of volatile organic compounds, xylene and toluene, in water. A 300 micron long photonic crystal slot waveguide was demonstrated that enabled the detection of 100ppb xylene in water by near-infrared absorption signatures, with five times higher sensitivity on an order of magnitude smaller length scale. The on-chip absorption spectroscopy, determined by Beer-Lambert absorption law, is enabled by the combined effects of slow light and high electric field intensity enhancement in photonic crystal slot waveguides.
Feature selection in Enose applications (2014)

In my presentation I will summarise results for feature selection from a number of Enose applications ranging from general chemical classification and breath analysis with metal-oxide based Enoses to work scoping the use of biological receptors, in particular receptors of the fruit fly Drosophila, for applications in wine making and explosives detection. The common thread in all applications is the availability of high-dimensional data which is often noisy and in all of its details not necessarily very information rich for any particular application. The challenge for building useful classification systems is to define, extract and select the most "informative" features from the highdimensional data. I will give an overview over our work using exhaustive "wrapper" approaches and a brief comparison to information-theory based methods. I will conclude by highlighting the most pertinent open questions encountered in this research area.
A biochemical rationale for the discrete behavior of nitroxyl and nitric oxide in the cardiovascular system (2003)

The redox siblings nitroxyl (HNO) and nitric oxide (NO) have often been assumed to undergo casual redox reactions in biological systems. However, several recent studies have demonstrated distinct pharmacological effects for donors of these two species. Here, infusion of the HNO donor Angeli's salt into normal dogs resulted in elevated plasma levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide, whereas neither the NO donor diethylamine/NONOate nor the nitrovasodilator nitroglycerin had an appreciable effect on basal levels. Conversely, plasma cGMP was increased by infusion of diethylamine/NONOate or nitroglycerin but was unaffected by Angeli's salt. These results suggest the existence of two mutually exclusive response pathways that involve stimulated release of discrete signaling agents from HNO and NO. In light of both the observed dichotomy of HNO and NO and the recent determination that, in contrast to the O2/O2- couple, HNO is a weak reductant, the relative reactivity of HNO with common biomolecules was determined. This analysis suggests that under biological conditions, the lifetime of HNO with respect to oxidation to NO, dimerization, or reaction with O2 is much longer than previously assumed. Rather, HNO is predicted to principally undergo addition reactions with thiols and ferric proteins. Calcitonin gene-related peptide release is suggested to occur via altered calcium channel function through binding of HNO to a ferric or thiol site. The orthogonality of HNO and NO may be due to differential reactivity toward metals and thiols and in the cardiovascular system, may ultimately be driven by respective alteration of cAMP and cGMP levels.
Differential Beamforming on Graphs (2020)

We study differential beamforming from a graph perspective. The microphone array used for differential beamforming is viewed as a graph, where its sensors correspond to the nodes, the number of microphones corresponds to the order of the graph, and linear spatial difference equations among microphones are related to graph edges. Specifically, for the first-order differential beamforming with an array of M microphones, each pair of adjacent microphones are directly connected, resulting in M - 1 spatial difference equations. On a graph, each of these equations corresponds to a 2-clique. For the second-order differential beamforming, each three adjacent microphones are directly connected, resulting in M - 2 second-order spatial difference equations, and each of these equations corresponds to a 3-clique. In an analogous manner, the differential microphone array for any order-of-differential beamforming can be viewed as a graph. From this perspective, we then derive a class of differential beamformers, including the maximum white noise gain beamformer, the maximum directivity factor one, and optimal compromising beamformers. Simulations are presented to demonstrate the performance of the derived differential beamformers.
Two-photon electron emission from smooth and rough metal films in the threshold region (1996)

Two-photon photoemission spectra are reported for silver films deposited under ultrahigh vacuum onto a room-temperature (smooth film) or a cold substrate (rough film). A theory is developed which successfully accounts for the qualitative features of the observed spectra in the near-threshold region when the Ag is excited by the absorption of one or two photons. Photoemission from smooth films can be successfully described in terms of direct electron transitions. The traditional one-photon photoemission theory is generalized to include two-photon excitation. Photoemission from rough Ag surfaces is interpreted in terms of the excitation of localized surface plasmons in the roughness features which are assumed to be small polarizable elements of a self-affine fractal. The rapid spatial rate of change in the local electric field surrounding these elements breaks translational invariance, thereby allowing indirect electron transitions to take place, ultimately leading to a predicted (${10}^{3}$--${10}^{6}$)-fold enhancement of the two-photon photoemission yield. Approximate analytic expressions are derived for the total photoemission yields following one- or two-photon excitation of smooth silver and two-photon excitation of rough silver. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
A Multimeric Synthetic Peptide Combinatorial Library. (1994)

We describe here a novel type of synthetic peptide library, named Multimeric Synthetic Peptide Combinatorial Library (M-SPCL), where multiple small peptide ligands are tied together in the same molecule. The advantage of using small peptides in the form of M-SPCL is two-fold: first, the high density assembly of the sequences on the branching scaffold leads to signal amplification, thereby effectively lowering the binding threshold for the selection of ligands; second, to interfere with protein-protein interactions, multimericity has been shown to be a desirable feature per se. The M-SPCL is prepared by solid-phase peptide synthesis, based on the structure of Multiple Antigen Peptides. When prepared in Positional Scanning format [C. Pinilla, J. Appel, P. Blanc and R.A. Houghten. 1992. BioTechniques 13: 901-905], selection is based on the amplified interaction of a single residue in a sequence-defined position. The usefulness of the new library was demonstrated by the selection of octameric peptides, which inhibit the binding of the cytokine human interleukin-6 to its receptor, with an apparent nanomolar affinity. Tetrameric, but not dimeric, branched peptides with the same sequences were also active with comparable affinity. The success of this approach is noteworthy, since screening of the corresponding monomeric pentapeptide SPCL did not lead to the selection of any inhibitory compound in the same system.
Recent advances to accelerate re-endothelialization for vascular stents (2017)

Cardiovascular diseases are considered as one of the serious diseases that leads to the death of millions of people all over the world. Stent implantation has been approved as an easy and promising way to treat cardiovascular diseases. However, in-stent restenosis and thrombosis remain serious problems after stent implantation. It was demonstrated in a large body of previously published literature that endothelium impairment represents a major factor for restenosis. This discovery became the driving force for many studies trying to achieve an optimized methodology for accelerated re-endothelialization to prevent restenosis. Thus, in this review, we summarize the different methodologies opted to achieve re-endothelialization, such as, but not limited to, manipulation of surface chemistry and surface topography.
Dynamic Dependency Tests for Audio-Visual Speaker Association (2007)

We formulate the problem of audio-visual speaker association as a dynamic dependency test. That is, given an audio stream and multiple video streams, we wish to determine their dependency structure as it evolves over time. To this end, we propose the use of a hidden factorization Markov model in which the hidden state encodes a finite number of possible dependency structures. Each dependency structure has an explicit semantic meaning, namely "who is speaking". This model takes advantage of both structural and parametric changes associated with changes in speaker. This is contrasted with standard sliding window based dependence analysis. Using this model we obtain state-of-the-art performance on an audio-visual association task without benefit of training data.
Selective Assembly of Porphyrin Molecules into Supramolecular Aggregates on a Surface. (2002)

The rational construction of desired molecular nanostructures should be required to realize molecular nanodevices, ideally with these structures supported on suitable substrates. We report the formation of surface-supported supramolecular structures whose size and aggregations patterns are rationally controlled by using selective and directional intermolecular interactions between cyanophenyl substituents. Using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and molecular orbital calculations, we have analyzed the conformation and arrangement of adsorbed porphyrin molecules on Au(111) surface. In case of cyanophenyl-substituted porphyrins, monomers, trimers, tetramers, or extended wire-like structures is selectively formed on the Au(111) surface by modifying substituents. These structures should be induced by local dipole-dipole interaction between cyanophenyl substituents. Our findings indicate that the rational design and construction of surface-supported supramolecular architectures will be allowed by introducing non-covalent interactions.
Reconfigurable 60-GHz Radar Transmitter SoC with Broadband Frequency Tripler in 45nm SOI CMOS (2019)

A reconfigurable 60-GHz radar transmitter with a broadband frequency tripler is proposed to support CW/FMCW, pulse, and PMCW radar waveforms from a single front-end. The proposed IC consists of a wide-band frequency tripler, a two-stage driver, two power mixers with baseband circuitry and serial I/O circuitry. The IC measurements in CW mode operation show an output power of 12.8 dBm (average) and 14.7 dBm (peak) from 54 GHz to 67 GHz with harmonic suppression greater than 27 dB. Pulse and PMCW mode operations are also demonstrated to generate short pulses with the minimum pulse width of 25 ps corresponding to 40 GHz signal bandwidth and 10-Gb/s PRBS modulated signals, respectively. Fabricated in a 45-nm CMOS SOI process, the IC consumes 0.51 W and occupies an active area of 1.95 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> excluding pads.
Preparation of some novel prostanoids based on a tetrahydropyran ring system (1991)

The prostanoids 31, 33 and 42 have been prepared from tri-O-acetyl-D-glucal 5. The key step in the formation of the prostaglandin analogues 31 and 33 involves the photocatalysed reaction between the thiocarbonate 4 and the allylstannane 21 leading to the stereocontrolled formation of a new carbon–carbon bond through a C-centred radical addition–elimination process.