gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Out-of-Band Distortion in Massive MIMO: What to expect under realistic conditions? (2021)

Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) offers superior capacity for future networks. In the quest for energy efficient implementation of these large array-based transmission systems, the power consumption of the Power Amplifiers (PAs) is a main bottleneck. This paper investigates whether it is possible to operate the PAs in their efficient nonlinear region, as the Out-of-Band (OOB) distortion may not get the same array gain as the in-band (IB) signals. We present a framework to simulate the effects under realistic conditions, leveraging on an accurate Ray-Tracing Simulator (RTS). The results show that the often assumed i.i.d. Rayleigh fading channel model results in too optimistic predictions, also in Non Line of Sight (NLoS) multi-path scenarios, regarding the spatial distribution of OOB emissions. We further comment on the consequences in view of current regulatory constraints.
ChemInform Abstract: Combined Metalation‐Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross Coupling Strategies. A Formal Synthesis of the Marine Alkaloid Amphimedine. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Reduced Satb1 expression predisposes CD4+T conventional cells to Treg suppression and promotes transplant survival (2022)

Limiting CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell responses is important to prevent solid organ transplant rejection. In a mouse model of costimulation blockade-dependent cardiac allograft tolerance, we previously reported that alloreactive CD4<sup>+</sup> conventional T cells (Tconvs) develop dysfunction, losing proliferative capacity. In parallel, induction of transplantation tolerance is dependent on the presence of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Whether susceptibility of CD4<sup>+</sup> Tconvs to Treg suppression is modulated during tolerance induction is unknown. We found that alloreactive Tconvs from transplant tolerant mice had augmented sensitivity to Treg suppression when compared with memory T cells from rejector mice and expressed a transcriptional profile distinct from these memory T cells, including down-regulated expression of the transcription factor Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 1 (Satb1). Mechanistically, Satb1 deficiency in CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells limited their expression of CD25 and IL-2, and addition of Tregs, which express higher levels of CD25 than Satb1-deficient Tconvs and successfully competed for IL-2, resulted in greater suppression of Satb1-deficient than wild-type Tconvs in vitro. In vivo, Satb1-deficient Tconvs were more susceptible to Treg suppression, resulting in significantly prolonged skin allograft survival. Overall, our study reveals that transplantation tolerance is associated with Tconvs' susceptibility to Treg suppression, via modulated expression of Tconv-intrinsic Satb1. Targeting Satb1 in the context of Treg-sparing immunosuppressive therapies might be exploited to improve transplant outcomes.
Expression of Prostasin Serine Protease and Protease Nexin-1 (PN-1) in Rhesus Monkey Ovary During Menstrual Cycle and Early Pregnancy (2007)

Serine proteases and their cognate serpin-class inhibitors are involved in the controlled proteolytic events during follicular development, ovulation, formation, and maintenance of the corpus luteum (CL). In this study, we investigated the expression patterns of prostasin serine protease and protease nexin-1 (PN-1), a serine protease inhibitor also called serpin-E2, in rhesus monkey ovaries during the menstrual cycle and early pregnancy, by using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Expression of prostasin was localized in oocyte, granulosa cells, and/or theca cells of early antral follicles and antral follicles, with high levels observed in preovulatory follicles. Prostasin was also localized at high levels of abundance in the CL during the menstrual cycle and early pregnancy. During the menstrual cycle, PN-1 was coordinately localized with prostasin in oocytes, granulosa cells, and theca cells of antral follicles and preovulatory follicles and in the CL. In addition, the PN-1 expression level in macaque CL during early pregnancy increased as pregnancy proceeded. We propose that prostasin may be involved in follicular development, ovulation, and CL formation, whereas PN-1 may be present to regulate the proteolysis in these processes.
Theory of metastable group-IV alloys formed from CVD precursors (2001)

Using chemical-vapor deposition (CVD) precursors, group-IV compounds such as ${\mathrm{Si}}_{4}\mathrm{C}$ and ${\mathrm{Ge}}_{4}\mathrm{C},$ which incorporate 20 at. % carbon, have been synthesized. Here we present systematic ab initio studies of the electronic and structural properties of group-IV compounds formed from CVD precursors. We also propose a class of precursor molecules for materials containing 25 at. % carbon. These compounds are energetically comparable to already synthesized materials (e.g., ${\mathrm{Ge}}_{4}\mathrm{C})$ and are semimetallic within the local-density approximation. In addition, we give information for two previously proposed group-IV compounds, ${\mathrm{Si}}_{2}{\mathrm{Sn}}_{2}\mathrm{C}$ and ${\mathrm{Ge}}_{3}\mathrm{SnC},$ which are direct-gap semiconductors and match the lattice of silicon to within 1%.
Supplementary Figures 1-5 and Supplementary Table 1 from Checkpoint Inhibition of KIR2D with the Monoclonal Antibody IPH2101 Induces Contraction and Hyporesponsiveness of NK Cells in Patients with Myeloma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 1. Outline of the open-label single arm two-stage phase II clinical trial evaluating single agent IPH2101 in patients with smoldering multiple myeloma; Supplementary Figure 2. Absolute NK-cell counts in peripheral blood following infusion of IPH2101 in patients with smoldering multiple myeloma; Supplementary Figure 3. IPH2101 does not affect the viability of KIR2D+ cells; Supplementary Figure 4. Loss of KIR2D molecules on the NK-cell surface following IPH2101-induced trogocytosis; Supplementary Figure 5. IL-2 activation of patient NK-cells ex vivo significantly increases baseline cytotoxic function; Supplementary Table 1. Patient and disease characteristics, response at end of trial and disease status at last evaluable follow-up point.&lt;/p&gt;
Quantitative Determination of the Interaction Between Epinephrine and Various Insulin Releasers in Man (1978)

Epinephrine significantly inhibited glucose-induced insulin release in man, the threshold dose being about 20 ng./kg. per minute. Maximal effect was attained with 60 ng./kg. per minute. In the presence of the threshold epinephrine dose, the dose-response curve for glucose-induced insulin release seemed to be displaced almost in parallel to the right of the control, suggesting competitive Inhibition. With the high epinephrine dose the inhibition of insulin release was of a noncompetitive nature. Epinephrine did not significantly suppress insulin release induced by either arginine or tolbutamide as compared with the effect of these insulinagogues when given at normoglycemia. Only in the case of glucagon did the high epinephrine dose (90 ng./kg. per minute) markedly inhibit the insulinogenic effect of the hormone (p&amp;lt;0.001) even when the effect of glucagon at normoglycemia was used as control. Since glucose exerted synergistk effects on insulin release in-duced by the other insulinagogues (arginine, glucagon, and tolbutamide), the insulinogenic effect of these insulinagogues In the presence of epinephrine was compared with their effect under hyperglycemie conditions similar to those obtained with epinephrine alone. It was found that epinephrine at a dose of 30 ng./kg. per minute totally inhibited the synergism between the hyperglycemie and the insulinagogues on insulin release. The greater the synergism—as with arginine and glucagon—the larger was the percentage inhibition by epinephrine. A threefold increase in the epinephrine dose further reduced the insulin response. Our experiments suggest that epinephrine—in the doses used—inhibited the effect of glucose on insulin release. This effect occurred regardless of whether glucose was used as the sole stimulator of insulin release or was used in synergism with such insulinagogues as arginine, tolbutamide, or glucagon.
Hepatocellular carcinoma development in diabetic patients: a nationwide survey in Japan (2021)

A simple calculation of the FIB-4 index in diabetes clinics can be the first step toward surveillance of HCC with a non-viral etiology.
Thermal Stress Analyses of the Multilayered Fuel Particles of a Particle-Bed Reactor (1991)

AbstractParticle-bed reactors have been proposed to provide high-temperature, low-mass power sources for space-based operation. A computer program was prepared to simulate the thermal and mechanical response of a multilayered fuel particle operating in such a reactor. Issues of concern include temperature gradient and interference thermal stresses, along with the plastic and creep deformations associated with the high temperature of operation. The results of the computer simulations indicate that the interference thermal stress is much larger than the temperature gradient stress and the external pressure stress, and that permanent strain formation cannot be avoided for particles operating at temperatures greater than ∼2300 K. The results also reveal some interesting aspects unique to multilayered fuel particle performance. Two such aspects include (a) the interaction between interference thermal stress and high-temperature creep and (b) the effect of power ramp time on the formation of time-dependent plastic strains.
<title>Classification techniques based on AI application to defect classification in cast aluminum</title> (1994)

This paper describes the Artificial Intelligent techniques applied to the interpretation process of images from cast aluminum surface presenting different defects. The whole process includes on-line defect detection, feature extraction and defect classification. These topics are discussed in depth through the paper. Data preprocessing process, as well as segmentation and feature extraction are described. At this point, algorithms employed along with used descriptors are shown. Syntactic filter has been developed to modelate the information and to generate the input vector to the classification system. Classification of defects is achieved by means of rule-based systems, fuzzy models and neural nets. Different classification subsystems perform together for the resolution of a pattern recognition problem (hybrid systems). Firstly, syntactic methods are used to obtain the filter that reduces the dimension of the input vector to the classification process. Rule-based classification is achieved associating a grammar to each defect type; the knowledge-base will be formed by the information derived from the syntactic filter along with the inferred rules. The fuzzy classification sub-system uses production rules with fuzzy antecedent and their consequents are ownership rates to every defect type. Different architectures of neural nets have been implemented with different results, as shown along the paper. In the higher classification level, the information given by the heterogeneous systems as well as the history of the process is supplied to an Expert System in order to drive the casting process.
Photoemission Spectroscopic Studies on Oxide/SiC Interfaces Formed by Dry and Pyrogenic Oxidation (2004)

The difference in the structure of oxide/SiC interface between dry and pyrogenic oxidation and the effect of post-oxidation annealing in Ar atmosphere on the interfaces have been studied by X-ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy to make clear the interface structures which spoil the electrical properties. It is found that intermediate layers containing Si 1+ oxidation states exist in both cases of oxidation method and the thickness of the layer changes by Ar annealing. It is also found that the oxide/SiC band offsets and the structures of O2p peak, observed in valence band spectra, change remarkably by Ar POA in both cases of oxidation method. The bond states at SiC/oxide interfaces have been discussed by considering these results together with the results from C-V measurements.
Restoration and Demosaicing Method for Pixel Mixture Images (2004)

Restoration and demosaicing methods for pixel mixture images are described. Pixel mixture is a function for saving readout time for digital still cameras, which mix together two pixels on a CCD. Pixel mixture reduces the number of pixels to be read out from the CCD, and it enables a video rate readout from DSCs of more than a million pixels. An iterative method is presented that can recover the images. Our approach achieves a smaller mean square error than conventional interpolation methods. A color correlation method is also presented for reducing pseudo color.
A novel reaction type promoted by aqueous titanium trichloride. Synthesis of unsymmetrical 1,2-diols (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA novel reaction type promoted by aqueous titanium trichloride. Synthesis of unsymmetrical 1,2-diolsAngelo Clerici and Ombretta PortaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 15, 2852–2856Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00136a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00136a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views475Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Online Action Detection in Untrimmed, Streaming Videos. (2018)

We aim to tackle a novel task in action detection - Online Detection of Action Start (ODAS) in untrimmed, streaming videos. The goal of ODAS is to detect the start of an action instance, with high categorization accuracy and low detection latency. ODAS is important in many applications such as early alert generation to allow timely security or emergency response. We propose three novel methods to specifically address the challenges in training ODAS models: (1) hard negative samples generation based on Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) to distinguish ambiguous background, (2) explicitly modeling the temporal consistency between data around action start and data succeeding action start, and (3) adaptive sampling strategy to handle the scarcity of training data. We conduct extensive experiments using THUMOS'14 and ActivityNet. We show that our proposed methods lead to significant performance gains and improve the state-of-the-art methods. An ablation study confirms the effectiveness of each proposed method.
Drug Delivery and Nanoformulations for the Cardiovascular System. (2017)

Therapeutic delivery to the cardiovascular system may play an important role in the successful treatment of a variety of disease state, including atherosclerosis, ischemic-reperfusion injury and other types of microvascular diseases including hypertension. In this review we evaluate the different options available for the development of suitable delivery systems that include the delivery of small organic compounds [adenosin A<sub>2A</sub> receptor agonist (CGS 21680), CYP-epoxygenases inhibitor (N-(methylsulfonyl)-2-(2-propynyloxy)-benzenehexanamide, trans-4-[4-(3-adamantan-1-ylureido)cyclohexyloxy] benzoic acid), soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor (N-methylsulfonyl-12,12-dibromododec-11-enamide), PPARγ agonist (rosiglitazone) and PPARγ antagonist (T0070907)], nanoparticles, peptides, and siRNA to the cardiovascular system. Effective formulations of nanoproducts have significant potential to overcome physiological barriers and improve therapeutic outcomes in patients. As per the literature covering targeted delivery to the cardiovascular system, we found that this area is still at infancy stage, as compare to the more mature fields of tumor cancer or brain delivery (e.g. blood-brain barrier permeability) with fewer publications focused on the targeted drug delivery technologies. Additionally, we show how pharmacology needs to be well understood when considering the cardiovascular system. Therefore, we discussed in this review various receptors agonists, antagonists, activators and inhibitors which will have effects on cardiovascular system.
Threshold levels of gene expression of the melanoma antigen gp100 correlate with tumor cell recognition by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (2000)

The level of expression of melanoma antigens (MA) may modulate the host immunologic response. Thus, the accurate measurement of MA expression may allow proper patient selection for antigen-specific therapies and yield important information for the evaluation of clinical results. In this study, we measured the absolute levels of MA messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) in tumor cell lines utilizing real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). mRNA levels of MART-1, gp100, tyrosinase, TRP-1 and TRP-2 melanoma differentiation antigens and MAGE-1, MAGE-3 and ESO-1 cancer testis (CT) antigens were compared in 24 early-passage (<5 passages in culture) and 12 archival melanoma cell lines. MA mRNA expression was extremely variable among cell lines, occasionally reaching levels comparable to ribosomal RNA (rRNA). gp100 and MART-1 mRNA levels correlated with protein expression measurement obtained by FACS analysis. More significantly, a threshold of gp100 mRNA expression required for T-cell stimulation and target-cell killing was identified. This threshold level corresponded to approximately 500 mRNA copies per 108 copies of rRNA. Our results suggest that the measurements of MA mRNA levels may yield useful information relevant to the interpretation of clinical outcome during antigen-specific treatments. Int. J. Cancer 86:818–826, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
An Insight Into ESD Behavior of Nanometer-Scale Drain Extended NMOS (DeNMOS) Devices: Part II (Two-Dimensional Study-Biasing & Comparison With NMOS) (2011)

In this paper, we present an analysis of drain extended n-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor (DeNMOS) and study the impact of both substrate and gate biasing on the regenerative avalanche injection phenomenon at the edge of drain contact. We will demonstrate that the flow and distribution of avalanche-generated holes and electrons are significantly impacted by biasing the gate and pumping current through the substrate. Finally, we show that gate bias or drain bias, when individually applied, can only lead to marginal improvement in It <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ; however, when both the biases are applied simultaneously, it can then optimally improve the failure performance. Subsequently, we compare high current performance of DeNMOS with NMOS or swapped DeNMOS configuration through a simplified 1-D macroscopic model.
Region‐Selective Deposition of Core–Shell Nanoparticles for 3 D Hierarchical Assemblies by the Huisgen 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition (2015)

Abstract A method for the region‐selective deposition of nanoparticles (NPs) by the Huisgen 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition is presented. The approach enables defined stacking of various oxide NPs in any order with control over layer thickness. Thereby the reaction is performed between a substrate, functionalized with a self‐assembled monolayer of an azide‐bearing phosphonic acid (PA) and aluminum oxide (AlO x ) NPs functionalized with an alkyne bearing PA. The layer of alkyne functionalized AlO x NPs is then used as substrate for the deposition of azide‐functionalized indium tin oxide (ITO) NPs to provide a binary stack. This progression is then conducted with alkyne‐functionalized CeO 2 NPs, yielding a ternary stack of NPs with three different NP cores. The stacks are characterized by AFM and SEM, defining the region‐selectivity of the deposition technique. Finally, these assemblies have been tested in devices as a dielectric to form a capacitor resulting in a dramatic increase in the measured capacitance.
<title>Synthetic database for polarimetric imagery</title> (1993)

The use of polarization as the principal parameter in target recognition and clutter reduction typically requires numerous field measurements with linear and circular polarizers in order to obtain a complete set of polarimetric images for a given target. We have developed a method which reduces the number of necessary field measurements to characterize the polarization state of a given scene. In polarimetric analysis with a single linear polarizer inserted in the light sensing path, it is found that three polarimetric images are sufficient to characterize the observed light field. These images are taken with the polarizer oriented at two mutually orthogonal directions and their bisecting direction respectively. These three polarimetric images form a basis set which allows the scene at any arbitrary polarization angle to be reconstructed. A synthetic polarimetric image data base can be easily realized with only these three images rather than the huge storage and retrieval requirements for a true measured data base. The coherency matrix of a quasi-monochromatic light wave together with Stokes vector and Mueller matrix are used to deduce the minimum required measurements in constructing a synthetic data base. Examples of measured and derived images will be compared and discussed.
A CASE-BASED REASONING SYSTEM FOR GENOTYPIC PREDICTION OF HIV-1 CO-RECEPTOR TROPISM (2013)

Accurate co-receptor tropism (CRT) determination is critical for making treatment decisions in HIV management. We created a genotypic tropism prediction tool by utilizing the case-based reasoning (CBR) technique that attempts to solve new problems through applying the solution from similar past problems. V3 loop sequences from 732 clinical samples with diverse characteristics were used to build a case library. Additional sequence and molecular properties of the V3 loop were examined and used for similarity assessment. A similarity metric was defined based on each attribute's frequency in the CXCR4-using viruses. We implemented three other genotype-based tropism predictors, support vector machines (SVM), position specific scoring matrices (PSSM), and the 11/25 rule, and evaluated their performance as the ability to predict CRT compared to Monogram's enhanced sensitivity Trofile(®) assay (ESTA). Overall concordance of the CBR based tropism prediction algorithm was 81%, as compared to ESTA. Sensitivity to detect CXCR4 usage was 90% and specificity was at 73%. In comparison, sensitivity of the SVM, PSSM, and the 11/25 rule were 85%, 81%, and 36% respectively while achieving a specificity of 90% by SVM, 75% by PSSM, and 97% by the 11/25 rule. When we evaluated these predictors in an unseen dataset, higher sensitivity was achieved by the CBR algorithm (87%), compared to SVM (82%), PSSM (76%), and the 11/25 rule (33%), while maintaining similar level of specificity. Overall this study suggests that CBR can be utilized as a genotypic tropism prediction tool, and can achieve improved performance in independent datasets compared to model or rule based methods.