gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nanowalls: Lateral Buckling of High Aspect Ratio Janus Nanowalls (Adv. Funct. Mater. 17/2012) (2012)

On page 3723, Won Bo Lee, Kookheon Char, and co-workers report the fabrication of Janus nanowalls and the phenomenon of lateral buckling in the walls. To realize Janus nanowalls, metal films are deposited on one side of the polymeric nanowalls. During the metal deposition, the nanowalls themselves buckle laterally because of the compressive residual stress in the metal films and geometric constraints.
Private-sector interests and urban governance (2000)

As argued in the introduction, one key dimension of cities is the extent to which various sorts of actors – more or less organised social interest groups – are brought together in processes of governance. If the approach put forward in this volume makes sense, it is necessary to look at the ways in which various interests exist, the extent to which they are organised within cities and how interests and institutions interact. This chapter is a limited contribution to the debate which focuses on private sector actors and interests and the ways in which they partake in processes of urban governance.
Rapid and accurate estimate of the effect of magnetically susceptible soil on MPV-TD sensor data using the method of images (2008)

We tailor the method of images to the magneto-quasistatic regime and use it to perform a rapid and accurate analysis of the effect of magnetic soil (with frequency-or time-dependent susceptibility) on data collected by the man-portable vector (MPV) time-domain (TD) sensor. The frequency-dependent complex magnetic susceptibility of the soil is approximated using a standard approach that assumes that the magnetic relaxation time is uniformly distributed between two time constants. We compare simulations to experimental data in order to illustrate the applicability and evaluate the speed and validity of our image model and to assess the effect of permeable soil on MPV-TD measurements.
Enhanced speaker activity detection for distributed microphones by exploitation of signal power ratio patterns (2012)

In cars with integrated distributed microphone systems usually each speaker has a dedicated microphone. An often required broadband speaker activity detection can be performed by simply evaluating the power ratios among the microphones but transient interferers like indicator noise, outside crossing cars or speech from interfering speakers may be wrongly assigned to one speaker's activity. In this contribution a new method is presented that exploits patterns based on the characteristics of signal power inverted subbands at which compared to the closest microphone higher energy occurs in a distant one. By determination of a distance measure the currently observed pattern of these power inverted subbands is compared to online learned speaker position dependent reference patterns. During noise only periods as well as during transient interfering signals the patterns do not match the reference and false speaker activity detections can be reduced.
Characterization of Radioiodinated TISCH: A High‐Affinity and Selective Ligand for Mapping CNS D1 Dopamine Receptor (1992)

In developing CNS D1 dopamine receptor-imaging agents with improved specificity and longer brain retention, an iodinated D1 ligand was synthesized. In vitro and in vivo radiolabeling studies of a new iodinated benzazepine, TISCH [7-chloro-8-hydroxy-1-(3'-iodophenyl)-3-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3- benzazepine], an analog of SCH 23390 (7-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepin e), were investigated. After an intravenous injection, the R(+) isomer of TISCH showed high brain uptake in rats (2.20 and 0.57% dose per whole brain at 2 and 60 min, respectively). The striatum/cerebellum ratio increased progressively with time (12 at 60 min). Ex vivo autoradiography of rat brain sections, after intravenous injection of R(+)-[125I]TISCH, displayed the highest uptake in striatum and substantia nigra, regions known to have a high concentration of D1 receptors, whereas the S(-) isomer displayed no specific uptake. Furthermore, the specific uptake can be blocked by pretreatment with SCH 23390. In vitro binding studies using the rat striatum tissue preparation showed high specific and low nonspecific bindings (KD = 0.21 +/- 0.03 nM). The rank order of potency exhibiting high specificity to the D1 receptor was SCH 23390 greater than (+/-)-TISCH greater than (+)-butaclamol = (+/-)-FISCH [7-chloro-8-hydroxy-1-(4'-iodophenyl)-3-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1 H-3-benzazepine] much greater than WB4101 = spiperone greater than dopamine, serotonin, (+/-)-propranolol, and naloxone. Imaging studies in a monkey with the resolved isomer, R(+)-[123I]TISCH, demonstrated a high uptake in the basal ganglia and prolonged retention. The preliminary data suggest that R(+)-TISCH is selective for the CNS D1 receptor and is potentially useful for in vivo and in vitro pharmacological studies. When labeled with iodine-123, it may be suitable for noninvasive imaging in humans.
<title>Image compression: wavelet-type transform along generalized scan</title> (1992)

An efficient method for visual data compression is presented, combining generalized Peano Scan, wavelet decomposition and adaptive sub-band coding technique. The Peano Scan which is an application of the Peano curve to the scanning of images, is incorporated with the encoding scheme in order to cluster highly correlated pixels. Using wavelet decomposition, an adaptive sub-band coding technique is developed to encode each sub-band separately with an optimum algorithm. Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) is applied on the low spatial frequency sub-band, and high spatial frequency sub-bands are encoded using Run Length encoding technique.
Nucleic Acid Extraction, Amplification, and Detection on Si-based Microfluidic Platforms (2006)

This paper gives a brief overview of silicon-based microfluidic platforms developed over the years by our group for the extraction, amplification, and detection of the nucleic acids. Extraction of both the genomic and viral nucleic acids from whole blood has been demonstrated on Si-based microfluidics. Rapid amplification has been achieved by polymerase chain reaction in Si-based thermal reactors (micro-PCR). Detection has been realized by a chip-to-chip integration of the micro-PCR and micro capillary electrophoresis (micro-CE)
Crystallization Temperature of Aqueous Lithium Bromide Solutions at Low Evaporation Temperature (2010)

Water- aqueous Lithium Bromide (LiBr) solutions have shown superior performance as working fluid pairs for absorption refrigeration cycles. Most of the available literature (e.g. ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals, etc.) provide crystallization behavior down to only 10 C. The typical evaporating temperature for an absorption chiller system is usually lower than 10 C. Hence, it is essential to have an accurate prediction of the crystallization temperature in this range in order to avoid crystallization during the design phase. We have therefore conducted a systematic study to explore the crystallization temperatures of LiBr/Water solutions that fall below an evaporating temperature of 10 C. Our preliminary studies revealed that the rate of cooling of the sample solution influences the crystallization temperature; therefore we have performed a quasi steady test where the sample was cooled gradually by reducing the sample temperature in small steps. Results from this study are reported in this paper and can be used to extend the data available in open literature.
Improving the Pharmacokinetics of GPR40/FFA1 Full Agonists (2014)

We recently reported the discovery of a potent GPR40 full agonist AM-1638 (1). Herein, we describe our efforts in improving the drug-like properties of the full agonists through the systematic introduction of polar groups in the C-, D-, and A-rings. This led to the discovery of new GPR40 full agonists with significantly improved pharmacokinetic propeties. Compound 8 and 20 also showed potent in vivo efficacy in oral glucose tolerance tests in mice in addition to the improvement in properties.
Electrochemical Visualization of Room Temperature Ionic Liquid for the Detection of Functionalized 1-phenylpyridine Analogue in Mixed Sample (2020)

Room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) is considered to be one of the stepping stone to fabricate next generation electrochemical sensor due to its unique physico-chemical property. Most importantly, the wide electrochemical window of these compounds makes themselves excellent component as a transducer to fabricate electrochemical sensor. Functionalized analogue of 1-phenyl-pipyridine is an important class of organic compound, widely popular for its use in analgesic agent. Extreme toxicity of these chemical analogue does concern human health and safety. For this regard, a sensor platform is absolutely necessary to distinguish such chemical analogues even when mixed with each other. We have documented a proof of concept where we have examined the ability of a room temperature ionic liquid in an electrochemical sensor platform to detect selective functionalized phenylpiperidine compound when mixed with its close analogue having same functionalization. We believe this study will help to develop next generation electrochemical sensor for important organic molecule using RTIL as primary component.
Erratum: “Reference‐based MRI” [Med. Phys. Vol 43, Issue 10, pages 5357‐5369, October 2016] (2017)

[https://doi.org/10.1118/1.4962032] This error does not affect any equation, results, or conclusions reported in the paper.
2D and 3D solid state NMR spectra of FUS-LC fibrils (2017)

2D and 3D solid state NMR spectra of uniformly 15N,13C-labeled and segmentally labeled FUS-LC fibrils in Sparky format (*.ucsf files). Data files are described in data-list.pdf .
Quantitative diagnosis of breast tumors by morphometric classification of microenvironmental myoepithelial cells using a machine learning approach (2017)

Machine learning systems have recently received increased attention for their broad applications in several fields. In this study, we show for the first time that histological types of breast tumors can be classified using subtle morphological differences of microenvironmental myoepithelial cell nuclei without any direct information about neoplastic tumor cells. We quantitatively measured 11661 nuclei on the four histological types: normal cases, usual ductal hyperplasia and low/high grade ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Using a machine learning system, we succeeded in classifying the four histological types with 90.9% accuracy. Electron microscopy observations suggested that the activity of typical myoepithelial cells in DCIS was lowered. Through these observations as well as meta-analytic database analyses, we developed a paracrine cross-talk-based biological mechanism of DCIS progressing to invasive cancer. Our observations support novel approaches in clinical computational diagnostics as well as in therapy development against progression.
A New Methodology for Calculating Wellbore Shut-in Pressure in Numerical Reservoir Simulations. (2021)

Abstract In low permeability reservoirs, the pressure transient response of the build-up takes a long time to stabilize. During the history matching process, the observed non-stabilized build-up pressure cannot be compared to simulated well block pressure (WBP). This challenge arises because most reservoir simulators convert the WBP of flowing wells to wellbore pressure using Peaceman’s equation, but do not perform this conversion for build-up pressure data. Such conversion is particularly important for low permeability reservoirs. This paper discusses a new method to calculate the wellbore pressure of shut-in wells and highlights its benefits. A full superposition equation for analytical wellbore-pressure, without the usual logarithmic approximation of Ei function, is the basis of the mathematical formulation proposed here. A modified equivalent radius concept together with the superposition principle are used to arrive at an expression to calculate numerical wellbore pressure from simulated WBP. To verify the validity of the approach, the calculated numerical wellbore pressure data is compared with analytical wellbore pressure build-up data described by the Horner function. The results show that numerical wellbore pressure is in better agreement with the non-stabilized observed pressure data than WBP. This is because WBP is an average pressure over a spatial distance in which theoretical pressure varies as a logarithmic function of distance. Therefore, when the grid size is large and spatial pressure gradient is significant (as the case in low permeability reservoirs), simulated shut-in WBP may be very different from observed shut-in wellbore pressure measured by a downhole gauge. Our results demonstrate that this difference increases with increasing grid size. If, during numerical well testing, numerical wellbore pressure is used for the log-log pressure derivative plot instead of WBP, the early distortions of infinite acting radial flow (IARF) stabilization, which has been observed by some investigators is eliminated. In summary, the presented methodology to calculate shut-in wellbore pressure is practically attractive to complement existing simulator capabilities for relating wellbore pressure to well block pressure. The use of numerical wellbore pressure instead of WBP, which is currently used, eliminates the need to apply the time-shift proposed by some investigators to correct IARF signature deviation, and observe the true flow regime.
Fast Prediction of Temperature Evolution in Electronic Devices for Run-Time Thermal Management Applications (2010)

Increase of non-uniform power density and high switching frequency has presented new challenges in predicting transient temperature response to fast-changing power inputs in advanced electronic devices. While the computational effort with direct calculation through the finite element model (FEM) is expensive, various methods of model reduction with drastically improved computing speed have been developed for calculation of dynamic thermal responses of the electronic systems. However, those methods’ still-considerable computational time consumption inhibits their practices in real-time temperature prediction and dynamic thermal management (DTM) applications. This work presents a fast algorithm for predicting temperature evolution in electronic devices subjected to multiple heat source excitations. It utilizes the equivalent thermal RC network for model reductions, and adopts recursive infinite impulse response (IIR) digital filters for accelerated computation in discrete time-domain. The algorithm is validated by comparison to existing convolution integral methods, yielding excellent agreement with several orders of magnitude improvement in computation efficiency. Due to its simplicity in implementation, the algorithm is very suitable for run-time evaluation of temperature response for dynamic power management applications.
Induction of Leptin Receptor Expression in the Liver by Leptin and Food Deprivation (2005)

Leptin resistance is a common feature of obesity and the metabolic syndrome. However, the regulated expression of the leptin receptor (Ob-R) has not been studied in detail. Expression profiling of liver mRNA in leptin-treated wild-type mice revealed a marked increase in leptin receptor mRNA levels, which had not previously been described. This was confirmed by isoform-specific real-time PCR, which showed a >25-fold increase in the mRNAs encoding the short forms (Ob-Ra, Ob-Rc) and a >10-fold increase in the mRNA encoding the long (Ob-Rb) form of the leptin receptor in liver. In parallel, we also observed induction of plasma-soluble leptin receptor (SLR) protein by leptin administration, pair feeding, and short term food restriction. However, induction of SLR by leptin is abolished in mice with selective deletion of Ob-R from liver using Cre-LoxP technology. These data suggest that the liver is a major source of Ob-R mRNA expression under conditions of negative energy balance. Membrane-bound Ob-R is then shed into the circulation as SLR. Our study thus reveals an unexpected role of the liver in modulating total circulating leptin levels and possibly its biological activity.
Sensor-Augmented Insulin Pump Therapy: Results of the First Randomized Treat-to-Target Study (2008)

A1C reduction was no different between the two groups. Subjects in the CG group had increased hypoglycemia AUC and number of events during blinded CGM use; however, there was no increase in hypoglycemia AUC or number of events in the SG group. Subjects with greater sensor utilization showed a greater improvement in A1C levels.
Constrained hidden Markov models for population-based haplotyping (Extended Abstract) (2006)

status: Published
Low complexity beamforming training method for mmWave communications (2017)

This paper introduces a low complexity method for antenna sector selection in mmWave Hybrid MIMO communication systems like the IEEE 802.11ay amendment for Wireless LANs. The method is backwards compatible to the methods already defined for the released mmWave standard IEEE 802.11ad. We introduce an extension of the 802.11ad channel model to support common Hybrid MIMO configurations. The proposed method is evaluated and compared to the theoretical limit of transmission rates found by exhaustive search. In contrast to state-of-the-art solutions, the presented method requires sparse channel information only. Numerical results show a significant complexity reduction in terms of number of necessary trainings, while approaching maximum achievable rate.
Energy Efficiency of Relay Operation in Millimeter-Wave Mobile Broadband Systems (2014)

The growing mobile data demand has led to the investigation of millimeter-wave (mm-wave) band which makes the communication systems can achieve multi-gigabit data rate. Due to the high attenuation phenomenon of mm-wave, however, the mm-wave system contains the ``dead zones'' where users cannot receive mobile data. To cover dead zones, deployment of relay stations becomes an important issue for constructing mm-wave systems. In addition, according to growing interests on green communication, energy efficiency of the communication system becomes another important issue. In spite of that importance, there is no study about energy efficiency of relaying in the mm-wave system. In this paper, we model the mm-wave systems considering relay operation. And then, we analyze energy efficiency of relay operation compared to direct transmission of the systems. Finally, the numerical results show that the relay operation makes better energy efficiency than direct transmission in certain criteria.
The osmolality of caecal contents in piglets following weaning (1987)

Pigs weaned for five days had caecal contents with significantly lower osmolalities than those of unweaned animals of the same age. Supplementation of a standard weaning diet with therapeutic levels of oxytetracycline to suppress the normal large intestinal microbial flora did not significantly further reduce osmolarity of caecal contents after weaning. This observation suggests that microbial activity in the large intestine may not be sufficiently developed by five days after weaning to have a major influence on absorptive processes at that site. Incomplete development of the large intestinal microflora may be one more factor which acts to predispose the young pig to diarrhoea after weaning.
Family-wide evaluation of RALF peptides in Arabidopsis thaliana (2020)

Abstract Plant peptide hormones are important players controlling various aspects of plants’ lives. RAPID ALKALINIZATION FACTOR (RALF) peptides have recently emerged as important players in multiple physiological processes. Numerous studies on RALF peptides focused on broad phylogenetic analysis including multiple species. Thus, progress has been made in understanding the evolutionary processes that shaped this family. Nevertheless, to date, there is no comprehensive, family-wide functional study on RALF peptides. Here, we analysed the phylogeny and function of the proposed multigenic RALF peptide family in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana , ecotype Col-0. Our phylogenetic analysis reveals that two of the previously proposed RALF peptides are not genuine RALF peptides, which leads us to propose a new consensus At RALF peptide family annotation. Moreover, we show that the majority of At RALF peptides are able to induce seedling or root growth inhibition in A. thaliana seedlings when applied exogenously as synthetic peptides. Additionally, we show that most of these responses are dependent on the Catharanthus roseus RLK1-LIKE receptor kinase FERONIA, suggesting a pivotal role in the perception of multiple RALF peptides. One sentence summary The majority of A. thaliana RALF peptides inhibit growth in a FERONIA-dependent manner
Markov-modulated self-similar processes: MPEG coded video traffic modeler and synthesizer (2003)

Markov modulated self-similar processes are proposed to model MPEG video sequences that can capture the LRD (long range dependency) characteristics of video ACF (auto-correlation function). An MPEG compressed video sequence is decomposed into three parts according to different motion/change complexity such that each part can individually be described by a self-similar process. Beta distribution is used to characterize the marginal cumulative distribution function (CDF) of each self-similar processes, and Markov chain is used to govern the transition among these three self-similar processes. Network cell loss rate using our proposed synthesized traffic is found to be comparable with that using empirical data as the source traffic.
FIOS: Feature Based I/O Stream Identification for Improving Endurance of Multi-Stream SSDs (2018)

The demand for high speed 'Storage-as-a-Service' (SaaS) is increasing day-by-day. SSDs are commonly used in higher tiers of storage rack in data centers. Also, all flash data centers are evolving to better serve cloud services. Although SSDs guaranty better performance when compared to HDDs, but SSDs endurance is still a matter of concern. Storing data with different lifetime in an SSD can cause high write amplification and reduce the endurance and performance of SSDs. Recently, multi-stream SSDs have been developed to enable data with different lifetime to be stored in different SSD regions and thus reduce write amplification. To efficiently use this new multi-streaming technology, it is important to choose appropriate workload features to assign the same streamID to data with similar lifetime. However, we found that streamID identification using different features may have varying impacts on the final write amplification of multi-stream SSDs. Therefore, in this paper we develop a portable and adoptable framework to study the impacts of different workload features and their combinations on write amplification. We also introduce a new feature, named "coherency", to capture the friendship among write operations with respect to their update time. Finally, we propose a feature-based stream identification approach, which co-relates the measurable workload attributes (such as I/O size, I/O rate, etc.) with high level workload features (such as frequency, sequentiality etc.) and determines a good combination of workload features for assigning streamIDs. Our evaluation results show that our proposed approach can always reduce the Write Amplification Factor (WAF) by using appropriate features for stream assignment.