gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of oncological outcomes after nipple‐sparing mastectomy for breast cancer (2022)

Nipple-sparing mastectomy is an alternative to skin-sparing mastectomy in select patients. Increasing evidence supports its use in the setting of breast cancer, however concerns still exist regarding oncological safety. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate long-term oncological outcomes of patients who underwent nipple-sparing mastectomy for breast cancer. A systematic review of the literature was performed to evaluate oncological outcomes in patients with breast cancer who underwent nipple-sparing mastectomy. Five major databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane) were searched. The review included all original articles published in English reporting long-term oncological outcomes. 2334 studies were identified. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 retrospective studies involving 7107 patients were included. The indication for nipple-sparing mastectomy was invasive carcinoma in 6069 patients (85.4%) and in situ disease in 1038 (14.6%). Median follow up was 48 months (range 25-94). The weighted mean rates of local recurrence and recurrence involving the nipple-areola complex were 5.4% (0.9-11.9) and 1.3% (0-4.9), respectively. The weighted mean distant failure rate was 4.8% (1.5-23.0). Therapeutic nipple-sparing mastectomy is oncologically safe in select patients with breast cancer.
Inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases in gerbil cholesteatoma: Preliminary findings (2002)

Topical application of an MMP inhibitor did not significantly prevent the development of TM atelectasis. It remains to be determined whether the use of MMP inhibitors may prevent the progression of atelectasis in humans.
Lung collapse during low tidal volume ventilation in acute respiratory distress syndrome. (2001)

Low V(T) ventilation in ARDS may increase the risk of small airway closure and retained secretions. This adverse effect highlights the importance of pulmonary hygiene measures in ARDS during lung-protective ventilation.
Data from MicroRNA expression profiles for the NCI-60 cancer cell panel (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Advances in the understanding of cancer cell biology and response to drug treatment have benefited from new molecular technologies and methods for integrating information from multiple sources. The NCI-60, a panel of 60 diverse human cancer cell lines, has been used by the National Cancer Institute to screen &gt;100,000 chemical compounds and natural product extracts for anticancer activity. The NCI-60 has also been profiled for mRNA and protein expression, mutational status, chromosomal aberrations, and DNA copy number, generating an unparalleled public resource for integrated chemogenomic studies. Recently, microRNAs have been shown to target particular sets of mRNAs, thereby preventing translation or accelerating mRNA turnover. To complement the existing NCI-60 data sets, we have measured expression levels of microRNAs in the NCI-60 and incorporated the resulting data into the CellMiner program package for integrative analysis. Cell line groupings based on microRNA expression were generally consistent with tissue type and with cell line clustering based on mRNA expression. However, mRNA expression seemed to be somewhat more informative for discriminating among tissue types than was microRNA expression. In addition, we found that there does not seem to be a significant correlation between microRNA expression patterns and those of known target transcripts. Comparison of microRNA expression patterns and compound potency patterns showed significant correlations, suggesting that microRNAs may play a role in chemoresistance. Combined with gene expression and other biological data using multivariate analysis, microRNA expression profiles may provide a critical link for understanding mechanisms involved in chemosensitivity and chemoresistance. [Mol Cancer Ther 2007;6(5):1483–91]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Specificity in the mechanism of action of antibiotic inhibitors of protein and nucleic acid synthesis (1971)

Abstract
Chondrogenesis by bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells grown in chondrocyte‐conditioned medium for auricular reconstruction (2016)

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can be obtained by minimally invasive means and would be a favourable source for cell-based cartilage regeneration. However, controlling the differentiation of the BMSCs towards the desired chondrogenic pathway has been a challenge hampering their application. The major aim of the present study was to determine if conditioned medium collected from cultured auricular chondrocytes could promote chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Auricular chondrocytes were isolated and grown in BMSC standard culture medium (SM) that was collected and used as chondrocyte-conditioned medium (CCM). The BMSCs were expanded in either CCM or SM for three passages. Cells were seeded onto fibrous collagen scaffolds and precultured for 2 weeks with or without transforming growth factor-beta 3 (TGF-β3). After preculture, constructs were implanted subcutaneously in nude mice for 6 and 12 weeks and evaluated with real-time polymerase chain reaction, histology, immunohistochemistry and biochemistry. Real-time polymerase chain reaction results showed upregulation of COL2A1 in the constructs cultured in CCM compared with those in SM. After 12 weeks in vivo, abundant neocartilage formation was observed in the implants that had been cultured in CCM, with or without TGF-β3. In contrast, very little cartilage matrix formation was observed within the SM groups, regardless of the presence of TGF-β3. Osteogenesis was only observed in the SM group with TGF-β3. In conclusion, CCM even had a stronger influence on chondrogenesis than the supplementation of the standard culture medium with TGF-β3, without signs of endochondral ossification. Efficient chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs could provide a promising alternative cell population for auricular regeneration. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigation of platelet margination phenomena at elevated shear stress (2007)

Thrombosis is a common complication following the surgical implantation of blood contacting artificial organs. Platelet transport, which is an important process of thrombosis and strongly modulated by flow dynamics, has not been investigated under the shear stress level associated with these devices, which may range from tens to several hundred Pascal.The current research investigated platelet transport within blood under supra-physiological shear stress conditions through a micro flow visualization approach. Images of platelet-sized fluorescent particles in the blood flow were recorded within microchannels (2 cm x 100 microm x 100 microm). The results successfully demonstrated the occurrence of platelet-sized particle margination under shear stresses up to 193 Pa, revealing a platelet near-wall excess up to 8.7 near the wall (within 15 microm) at the highest shear stress. The concentration of red blood cells was found to influence the stream-wise development of platelet margination which was clearly observed in the 20% Ht sample but not the 40% Ht sample. Shear stress had a less dramatic effect on the margination phenomenon than did hematocrit. The results imply that cell-cell collision is an important factor for platelet transport under supra-physiologic shear stress conditions. It is anticipated that these results will contribute to the future design and optimization of artificial organs.
AnchorViz (2019)

When building a classifier in interactive machine learning (iML), human knowledge about the target class can be a powerful reference to make the classifier robust to unseen items. The main challenge lies in finding unlabeled items that can either help discover or refine concepts for which the current classifier has no corresponding features (i.e., it has feature blindness ). Yet it is unrealistic to ask humans to come up with an exhaustive list of items, especially for rare concepts that are hard to recall. This article presents AnchorViz , an interactive visualization that facilitates the discovery of prediction errors and previously unseen concepts through human-driven semantic data exploration. By creating example-based or dictionary-based anchors representing concepts, users create a topology that (a) spreads data based on their similarity to the concepts and (b) surfaces the prediction and label inconsistencies between data points that are semantically related. Once such inconsistencies and errors are discovered, users can encode the new information as labels or features and interact with the retrained classifier to validate their actions in an iterative loop. We evaluated AnchorViz through two user studies. Our results show that AnchorViz helps users discover more prediction errors than stratified random and uncertainty sampling methods. Furthermore, during the beginning stages of a training task, an iML tool with AnchorViz can help users build classifiers comparable to the ones built with the same tool with uncertainty sampling and keyword search, but with fewer labels and more generalizable features. We discuss exploration strategies observed during the two studies and how AnchorViz supports discovering, labeling, and refining of concepts through a sensemaking loop.
Non-invasive detection of liver fibrosis: Comparison of MR elastography with diffusion weighted MR imaging (2010)

Poster: ECR 2010 / B-141 / Non-invasive detection of liver fibrosis: Comparison of MR elastography with diffusion weighted MR imaging by: K. Venkatesh1, L. L. S. Teo1, B. W. L. Ang1, R. L. Ehman2; 1Singapore/SG, 2Rochester, MN/US
DJ-1 Based Peptide as a Novel Neuroprotective Strategy for Parkinson's Disease (SC02.003) (2012)

Objective: To explore a possible neuroprotective treatment for Parkinson9s disease (PD) based on DJ-1. Background Loss-of-function mutations in DJ-1 cause early-onset familial PD. Abnormal DJ-1 levels in the plasma, CSF and brains of sporadic PD patients imply that DJ-1 might be involved in sporadic PD. Studies demonstrated that DJ-1 defends against oxidative stress. Design/Methods: Based on a thorough bio-informatic survey and knowledge acquired through our studies on DJ-1, a series of DJ-1-based peptides was designed. The protective effects of these peptides were tested on cell-lines and on primary cultures obtained from mice brains. Mitochondrial damage (by MTT assay), metabolic activity (by Alamar blue method), cell toxicity (by LDH detection), and viability (by Hoechst staining), were examined with exposure to neurotoxic insults. In vivo effects were tested using 6-hydroxydopamine and MPTP mice models, employing c57/bl and DJ-1 knockout mice. Behavioral, biochemical and histological parameters in mice treated with the chosen peptide (named ND-13) were compared to control peptides and vehicle. Statistical analysis was done using ANOVA with p Results: ND-13 was shown to protect cultured neurons against oxidative and neurotoxic insults. In vivo tests with intravenous or subcutaneous injections of ND-13 demonstrated protection against 6-hydroxydopamine striatal lesioning, as indicated by behavioral, biochemical and histochemical measurements. Subcutaneous injections of ND-13, one hour before MPTP treatments, given on five consecutive days, restored dopamine and tyrosine hydroxylase levels. A series of 6-hydroxydopamine and MPTP experiments on DJ-1 knockout mice demonstrated similar results. Conclusions: DJ-1-related peptide demonstrated significant neuroprotective abilities in well established models of PD. The peptide may serve as a potential novel strategy to slow the neurodegenerative process and alter the disease course, thereby providing long term benefit for PD patients. Supported by: The Israeli Science Foundation (ISF) and the Norma and Alan Aufzien chair for the research of Parkinson9s disease, Tel Aviv University, Israel. Disclosure: Dr. Lev has nothing to disclose. Dr. Barhum has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ben-Tzur has nothing to disclose. Dr. Melamed has nothing to disclose. Dr. Offen has nothing to disclose.
P1–194: A noninvasive device‐based approach to aid in the diagnosis of mTBI and Alzheimer's disease: Preliminary findings from Clinical Pilot Studies (2013)

Non-invasive biomarkers are emerging as essential tools for the development of effective drugs and as aids to primary care physicians and neurologists. Static imaging (MRI/PET/SPECT) and fluid based (blood and CSF) biomarkers have the inherent limitation that they don't typically capture brain physiology and dynamic processes. Cerora is developing its MindReader™ platform as a non-invasive, accurate, accessible and affordable mobile solution to aid in the diagnosis of mTBI and Alzheimer's. The present study extends an activated EEG medical device for the physiological assessment of brain health looking at multivariate classifiers from both mild Traumatic Brain Injury (Concussion) as well as Alzheimer's disease. Recent advances in wireless electroencephalography (EEG) hardware have enabled the development of a novel activated EEG system (MindReader TM) to physiologically focus the assessment of brain health to various sensory circuits and cognitive tasks. The MindReader assesses brain function while actively stimulating the subject with various sensory and cognitive stimuli. At AAIC Vancouver, Cerora reported diagnostic signatures which discriminated AD from controls in a small pilot study which replicated and extended the published EEG diagnostic literature. This year, pilot diagnostic data were collected in concussed and healthy controls using a similar but different physiologically focused data acquisition paradigm. This presentation will provide an overview of the device along with the “cloud” based neuro diagnostics as a service IT infrastructure. Univariate and multivariate statistical models were built looking for meaningful predictors of concussion (mTBI). More advanced techniques like tree based methods, boosting, and neural nets were also assessed using the pilot concussion data. Comparison between Alzheimer's and concussion features will be highlighted. A physiologically focused battery of activated EEG tasks is able to probe elements of brain circuits not presently assessed with standard resting state (Eyes Open or Eyes Closed) quantitative EEG. The MindReader offers a novel alternative to rapidly, portably and non-invasively assess brain health and function. Multi-variate predictive models offer an opportunity to enhance classifier performance, although further work is required to develop the necessary activated EEG signatures to map the brain for its physiologic defects.
Chiral Aggregates Formed from Methylated Tetraenoic Fatty Acids:  Formation of Both Antipodes of Chiral Aggregates from a Single Enantiomer and Time-Dependent Stereomutation (2006)

Formation and behaviors of chiral aggregates of methylated tetraenoic fatty acids (TE-FAs) were reported. In the C-24 TE-FA series, the aggregate prepared by dispersing an ethanol stock solution of C-24 TE-FA 1b into sodium phosphate buffer gave a strong positive Cotton effect, whereas the aggregate prepared from a methanol stock solution gave a negative Cotton effect. In the C-20 TE-FA series, the aggregate prepared from an ethanol stock solution of C-20 TE-FA 2b exhibited time-dependent chirality inversion. [see text].
Monadic Sequence Testing and Explicit Test-Refinements (2016)

International audience
Polymerization of propylene with γ‐Al2O3‐ or SiO2‐supported titanium tetrachloride catalyst (1980)

Abstract The preparation of γ‐Al 2 O 3 ‐ and SiO 2 ‐supported titanium tetrachloride catalysts for the polymerization of propylene is described. The ESR spectra of these products, measured at −196°C, display broad signals with g ‐values of 1,942 and 1,952 in the cases of γ‐Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 , respectively, which are assignable to Ti(III) species. The concentration of the Ti(III) species depends strongly upon the conditions of treatment. With these products as catalysts the polymerization of propylene takes place at 40 −75°C in the absence of any activator. The polymerization activity significantly depends upon the conditions of catalyst treatment, but it is approximately proportional to the concentration of the Ti(III) species. The molecular weight and the isotacticity of the resulting polymer remain almost unchanged. These results lead to the conclusion that Ti(III) is the active species in these catalysts.
Encapsulating a Superconducting Material, MgCNi3, in a Carbon Nanoflask (2004)

MgCNi 3 is a non‐oxide perovskite which is both superconducting and ferromagnetic. Here MgC x Ni 3 is encapsulated in carbon nanoflasks via a chemical method. Magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate the occluded MgCNi 3 exhibits a superconducting transition with a critical temperature of 7 K (see Figure).
Interactions between neutral endopeptidase (EC 3.4.24.11) and the substance P (NK1) receptor expressed in mammalian cells (1994)

Interactions between neutral endopeptidase-24.11 (NEP) and the substance P receptor (SPR; NK1) were investigated by examining substance P (SP) degradation, SP binding and SP-induced Ca2+ mobilization in epithelial cells transfected with cDNA encoding the rat SPR and rat NEP. Expression of NEP accelerated the degradation of SP by intact epithelial cells and by membrane preparations, and degradation was reduced by the NEP inhibitor thiorphan. In cells expressing SPR alone, specific 125I-SP binding after 20 min incubation at 37 degrees C was 92.2 +/- 3.1% of maximal binding and was unaffected by thiorphan. Coexpression of NEP in the same cells as the SPR markedly reduced SP binding to 13.9 +/- 0.5% of maximal, and binding was increased to 82.7 +/- 2.4% of maximal with thiorphan. Coexpression of NEP in the same cells as the SPR also reduced to undetectable the increase in intracellular Ca2+ in response to low concentrations of SP (0.3 and 0.5 nM), and significantly reduced the response to higher concentrations (1 and 3 nM). The Ca2+ response was restored to control values by inhibition of NEP with thiorphan. In contrast, SP binding and SP-induced Ca2+ mobilization were only slightly reduced when cells expressing SPR alone were mixed with a 3- to 24-fold excess of cells expressing NEP alone. Therefore, in this system, NEP markedly down-regulates SP binding and SP-induced Ca2+ mobilization only when coexpressed in the same cells as the SPR.
Individuality-preserving Silhouette Extraction for Gait Recognition (2015)

Most gait recognition approaches rely on silhouette-based representations due to high recognition accuracy and computational efficiency, and a key problem for those approaches is how to accurately extract individuality-preserved silhouettes from real scenes, where foreground colors may be similar to background colors and the background is cluttered. We therefore propose a method of individuality-preserving silhouette extraction for gait recognition using standard gait models (SGMs) composed of clean silhouette sequences of a variety of training subjects as a shape prior. We firstly match the multiple SGMs to a background subtraction sequence of a test subject by dynamic programming and select the training subject whose SGM fit the test sequence the best. We then formulate our silhouette extraction problem in a well-established graph-cut segmentation framework while considering a balance between the observed test sequence and the matched SGM. More specifically, we define an energy function to be minimized by the following three terms: (1) a data term derived from the observed test sequence, (2) a smoothness term derived from spatio-temporally adjacent edges, and (3) a shape-prior term derived from the matched SGM. We demonstrate that the proposed method successfully extracts individuality-preserved silhouettes and improved gait recognition accuracy through experiments using 56 subjects.
Modal properties and thermal behaviors of high quality factor quasi-photonic crystal microcavity (2008)

We investigate the variations of modal properties of 12-fold quasi-photonic crystal microcavities sustaining whispering-gallery (WG) mode with different central post sizes both in simulations and experiments. We realize our design by a series of dry- and wet-etching processes. WG mode lasing actions are obtained with high quality (Q) factor of 8,400 from microcavity with effective post size 420 nm in diameter. Loss and thermal behaviors are analyzed by measured Q factors, thresholds, and rolling-off effects from light-in light-out curves of microcavities with increased post size. By finite-element simulations, we also address the heat sink improvement due to presence of larger central post that is observed in measurements.
Development of steel coatings reinforced with nanoclay particles for corrosion and wear protection (2018)

During the last years, clay nanocomposites have attracted a lot of attention among research and industrial community. Recently, due to their great potential diverse fields, nanoclay reinforcements have been identified as interesting materials for a wide range of applications, such as additives in coatings, paints, inks and greases, as rheological modifiers, oil refining, catalyst, biocomposites, and thermal dissipators, among others. Montmorillonite (MMT) is a crystalline hydrous phyllosilicate (layer silicate), a clay fraction of soil which is one of the most important species of clays. MMT nanocomposite coating was fabricated by uniformly dispersing laminar nanoclay structures within enamel painting. In the present work, we evaluate the anti-corrosion and tribological performance of coatings reinforced with MMT nanoclay at various filler fractions, 0.1wt.%, 0.5wt.% and 1.0wt.%. Samples were evaluated on a salt spray (fog) chamber according to ASTM B117. Nanocoatings evaluation was performed according to ASTM D714; nanoclay reinforcement at 0.5wt.% improved up to 290% the corrosion resistance without any painting detachment, also improving ~320% after displaying blistering on the surface, as compared to base painting, respectively. This is representative of the significant enhancement as a protective corrosion barrier of the nanopainting. Tribological evaluation was performed with a pin-on-disk tribotester, according to ASTM G99, to determine the anti-wear properties of the nanocoatings. Improvement in all nanocoatings concentrations was achieved, being the highest enhancement by the 0.10wt.% MMT nanocoating, which exceeded the conventional paint by ~150%. This work gives a broad scope of opportunities for nanoclays reinforcing coatings and paintings for improvements on anti-corrosion and anti-wear performance, being a natural and environmentally friendly material.
MiLTOn: Sensing Product Integrity without Opening the Box using Non-Invasive Acoustic Vibrometry (2022)

This paper asks: “Can we detect whether a fragile product, made of porcelain or glass is damaged as it travels along the supply chain, without opening its packaging?” We ask this question in the context of the multi-billion dollar global supply chain industry of fragile products that experience large overheads due to product returns. This paper presents MiLTOn, a novel acoustic and mm-wave based solution for through-box non-invasive product integrity sensing that is sensitive to even minute sub-mm cracks in the object. MiLTOn is inspired by acoustic vibrometry used for instance to monitor cracks in railroads. Unlike traditional vibrometry, MiL-TOn is unique in its ability to sense products non-invasively using an external transducer and microphone, neither of which are in direct physical contact of the object within the box. MiLTOn pro-cesses measurements from the microphone to design a robust and environment-independent product signature that can be used to sense presence of product defects. Our extensive evaluation on a large number of fragile products of diverse materials demonstrates 97% accuracy in identifying product damage.