gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Parameters Ruling Capillary Forces at the Submillimetric Scale (2005)

This paper reviews the way to compute capillary forces between two solids by numerically integrating the Laplace equation describing the shape of an axially symmetric meniscus at equilibrium. The numerical results of the proposed model have been experimentally validated with a test bed able to measure forces of about 1 mN with an accuracy of about 1 microN. Thanks to the simulation tool and the test bed, the influence of the following parameters has been studied: surface tension, solid geometry, volume of liquid, materials, separation distance between both solids, and surrounding environment. The way to compute the force from a given meniscus geometry has been clarified as far as the "Laplace" and "tension" contributions are concerned.
Land subsidence due to natural gas extraction in the Thrace basin (NW Turkey) and its influence on the North Anatolian fault under the Marmara Sea (2023)

We map surface deformation in the Thrace region of Turkey using the Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) time series analysis of the SAR data acquired between 2014 and 2020 on ascending and descending orbits reveals large-scale subsidence (~110 × 60 km) with rates reaching up to 10 ± 1.5 mm/yr. We relate this deformation to natural gas reservoir operations, such as gas exploitation and extraction activities that have been taking place in the region for decades, an inference being supported by the strong correlation between the InSAR time series and the variation in natural gas production during the same time period in the Thrace region reported by the Energy Market Regulation Authority of Turkey. Assuming that the observed subsidence is caused by compaction of sediments in the natural gas reservoirs, we construct a triangulated surface enveloping roughly at the bottom of the gas extraction wells and use it to invert the amount of negative opening (hence volume loss) on triangular elements that are assumed to be buried in an elastic and homogeneous medium. Coulomb stress changes caused by this volume change on the North Anatolian Fault at the Sea of Marmara are found to be insignificant (less than 10?5 Mega-Pascal) to perturb the state of the stress around the Marmara seismic gap. Yet, the large-scale subsidence revealed in this study needs to be taken into consideration when assessing hazards for the infrastructures, settlements, and other engineering structures, particularly in case of a large earthquake in the Marmara Seismic Gap.
From decoding the perception of tightness to a clinical proof of soothing effects derived from natural ingredients in a moisturizer (2022)

Integration of the in vivo, in vitro and in silico approaches provides a novel framework for fully understanding how skin tightness sensations form and propagate, and how these sensations can be alleviated through the design of an optimized moisturizer.
Supporting Unbalanced Grids with Induction Machine Drives by Inverters without Intermittent Energy Storage (2011)

A method for supporting unbalanced grids by utilizing a drive system with induction machine and inverter with no or low intermittent energy storage is proposed. Even though the instantaneous power, that is drawn from the mains is oscillating, the torque and speed of the machine are maintained constant. A strategy for obtaining the time dependent reference values for the flux linkage and the torque building current of a rotor field oriented control of an induction machine is presented. Some necessary enhancements to the control algorithm are discussed. Simulation results show the feasibility of the proposed method and control schemes. Measurement results from a practical implementation are given. A discussion of additional losses inherent to the proposed method and control schemes concludes the paper.
Thin-film polycrystalline Cu2S/Cd1−xZnx S solar cells of 10% efficiency (1981)

Polycrytalline, thin-film Cu2S/Cd1−xZnxS heterojunction solar cells with conversion efficiencies of 10% have been prepared on Cd1−xZnxS with 0.1⩽x⩽0.2. Light-generated currents of up to 26 mA/cm2 (prorated to 100 mW/cm2) have been achieved, comparable to the best observed in Cu2S/CdS cells of the same design. The improved performance for Cu2S-based devices is as a consequence of the higher open-circuit voltage achieved with the addition of zinc.
Application of simultaneous strain and temperature measurement technique using polarization maintaining fiber Bragg grating for distributed sensing based on OFDR (2011)

We have developed fiber-optic distributed sensors based on optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR). This sensing system utilizes long-length fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) and is able to measure strain or temperature distributions with the high spatial resolution along FBGs. In this paper we inscribe a long-length FBG into Polarization-maintaining AND Absorption-reducing fiber (PANDA-FBG) for simultaneous strain and temperature measurements. Applying PANDA-FBG to OFDR system, we perform both simultaneous measurements and distributed sensing with a single PANDA-FBG. In experiments we bonded the PANDA-FBG on a stainless beam and applied several steps of temperature changes and four-point bending loads. We performed simultaneous measurements over the local area of the beam. Based on the results, we compensated the temperature changes and calculated the strain distribution along the whole part of the beam. The experimental results showed the applicability of this method.
New insights into the pathophysiology of methylmalonic acidemia (2023)

Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is a severe inborn error of metabolism that is characterized by pleiotropic metabolic perturbations and multiorgan pathology. Treatment options are limited and non-curative as the underlying causative molecular mechanisms remain unknown. While earlier studies have focused on the potential direct toxicity of metabolites such as methylmalonic and propionic acid as a mechanism to explain disease pathophysiology, new observations have revealed that aberrant acylation, specifically methylmalonylation, is a characteristic feature of MMA. The mitochondrial sirtuin enzyme SIRT5 is capable of recognizing and removing this PTM, however, reduced protein levels of SIRT5 along with other mitochondrial SIRTs 3 and 4 in MMA and potentially reduced function of all three indicates aberrant acylation may require clinical intervention. Therefore, targeting posttranslational modifications may represent a new therapeutic approach to treat MMA and related organic acidemias.
Performance analysis of an asymptotically quantum-limited optical DPSK receiver (1989)

An optical, direct-detection differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) receiver whose error probability is quantum-limited as the transmitting laser linewidth vanishes is analyzed. The receiver design is based on a binary equiprobable hypothesis test with doubly stochastic point process observations, the conditional random rates of which depend on the transmitting laser phase noise, which is modeled as a Brownian motion. The receiver structure consists of a simple delay-and-sum optical preprocessor followed by a photoelectric converter and an integrate-and-dump circuit. Upper and lower bounds on the receiver bit error rate are derived by developing bounds on the conditional rates of the point process, and it is shown that the error probability bounds converge to the true value as the transmitting laser linewidth decreases. Bounds on the power penalty are computed for parameters corresponding to existing semiconductor injection lasers, and are seen to be less than the limiting power penalty for the balanced DPSK receiver.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Enzymatic Method .for Measuring ATP Related Compounds in Jeotkals (2000)

The ATP related compounds play an important role in a taste of traditional salt-fermented seafoods (Jeotkals). The ATP related compounds were analyzed in the traditional anchovy Jeotkal during fermentation and 11 kinds of commercial Jeotkals by enzymatic method compared with existing HPLC method, In the traditional anchovy Jeotkal, the contents of decreased during fermentation, while the contents of Hx reached maximum value at 60 days fermentation and thereafter decreased gradually. Uric acid was detected at 30 days fermentation and showed the gentle increment after that. In the commercial Jeotkals, uric acid was detected of total ATP related compounds content by enzymatic method, while it was not detected by HPLC method. From these results, enzymatic method is more accurate than HPLC method for analysis of the ATP related compounds in Jeokals.
Orphan G-Protein Coupled Receptor GPRC5B Is Critical for Lymphatic Development (2022)

Numerous studies have focused on the molecular signaling pathways that govern the development and growth of lymphatics in the hopes of elucidating promising druggable targets. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are currently the largest family of membrane receptors targeted by FDA-approved drugs, but there remain many unexplored receptors, including orphan GPCRs with no known biological ligand or physiological function. Thus, we sought to illuminate the cadre of GPCRs expressed at high levels in lymphatic endothelial cells and identified four orphan receptors: GPRC5B, AGDRF5/GPR116, FZD8 and GPR61. Compared to blood endothelial cells, GPRC5B is the most abundant GPCR expressed in cultured human lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), and in situ RNAscope shows high mRNA levels in lymphatics of mice. Using genetic engineering approaches in both zebrafish and mice, we characterized the function of GPRC5B in lymphatic development. Morphant <i>gprc5b</i> zebrafish exhibited failure of thoracic duct formation, and <i>Gprc5b<sup>-/-</sup></i> mice suffered from embryonic hydrops fetalis and hemorrhage associated with subcutaneous edema and blood-filled lymphatic vessels. Compared to <i>Gprc5<sup>+/+</sup></i> littermate controls, <i>Gprc5b<sup>-/-</sup></i> embryos exhibited attenuated developmental lymphangiogenesis. During the postnatal period, ~30% of <i>Gprc5b<sup>-/-</sup></i> mice were growth-restricted or died prior to weaning, with associated attenuation of postnatal cardiac lymphatic growth. In cultured human primary LECs, expression of GPRC5B is required to maintain cell proliferation and viability. Collectively, we identify a novel role for the lymphatic-enriched orphan GPRC5B receptor in lymphangiogenesis of fish, mice and human cells. Elucidating the roles of orphan GPCRs in lymphatics provides new avenues for discovery of druggable targets to treat lymphatic-related conditions such as lymphedema and cancer.
Medical Devices for the Delivery of Therapeutic Aerosols to the Lungs (2006)

The last decade has seen developments in all categories of inhaler device. However, the underlying principles of aerosol delivery have changed little.Despite the numerous designs and configurations that may be employed to generate aerosols in therapeutically useful size ranges and concentrations (Chapters 9-11 and 14), there are only three basic categories of aerosol delivery systems for commercially marketed drug products. These are pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs), dry powder inhalers (DPIs), and nebulizers. These three classes of devices do not represent optimal delivery systems in terms of their ability to produce monodisperse aerosols that can be precisely dosed in a single breath but rather are examples of delivery systems that achieve minimally acceptable characteristics in a simple, convenient, inexpensive, and portable format. To be acceptable for clinical use, an inhalation delivery system must meet certain criteria:1. It must generate an aerosol with most of the drug carrying particles less than 10m in size and ideally in the range 0.5-5m, the exact size depending on the intended application.
Performance of Interferon-gamma Release Assay for Tuberculosis Screening in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients (2014)

Background: Screening for latent tuberculosis (TB) is mandatory in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) before starting anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy. Data on the utility of screening tests in populations with moderate background risk of TB are limited. This study aims to evaluate the performance of interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) with QuantiFERON-TB Gold in IBD patients in a TB endemic region.
A K-NN associated fuzzy evidential reasoning classifier with adaptive neighbor selection (2004)

We present a fuzzy evidential reasoning algorithm in light of the Dempster-Shafer evidence theory and the K-nearest neighbor algorithm for pattern classification. Given an input pattern to be classified, each of its K nearest neighbors is viewed as an evidence source, in terms of a fuzzy evidence structure. The distance between the input pattern and each of its K nearest neighbors is used for mass determination while the contextual information of the nearest neighbor in the training sample space is formulated by a fuzzy set in determining a fuzzy focal element. Therefore, pooling evidence provided by neighbors is realized by a fuzzy evidential reasoning, where feature selection is further considered through ranking and adaptive combination of neighbors. A fast implementation scheme of the fuzzy evidential reasoning is also developed. Experimental results of classifying multichannel remote sensing images have shown that the proposed approach outperforms the K-nearest neighbor (K-NN) algorithm [T.M. Cover et al. (1967)], the fuzzy K-nearest neighbor (F-KNN) algorithm [J.M. Keller et al. (1985)], the evidence-theoretic K-nearest neighbor (E-KNN) algorithm [T. Denoex (1995)], and the fuzzy extended version of E-KNN (FE-KNN) [L.M. Zouhal et al. (1997)], in terms of the classification accuracy and insensitivity to the number K of nearest neighbors.
Tolerance-based process proximity correction (PPC) verification methodology (2004)

Tolerance-based process proximity correction (PPC) verification methodology is proposed for “hot spot management” in LSI fabrication process flow. This methodology verifies the PPC accuracy with the features of actual processed wafers/masks and target features in CAD data including CD tolerance around hot spots. The CD tolerance in CAD data is decided according to device characteristics, process integration, CD budget, and so on, and is used for the judgment criteria of the PPC accuracy. After the verifications, the actions in the manufacturing are decided. This methodology is demonstrated for the 65nm-node CMOS local metal at three representative hot spots extracted by lithography simulation, and the results yielded useful information for the manufacturing.
Insulin feedback is a targetable resistance mechanism of PI3K inhibition in glioblastoma (2023)

Reducing insulin feedback improves the efficacy of PI3K inhibition in GBM in mice, and hyperglycemia worsens progression-free survival in patients with GBM treated with PI3K inhibition. These findings indicate that hyperglycemia is a critical resistance mechanism associated with PI3K inhibition in GBM and that anti-hyperglycemic therapy may enhance PI3K inhibitor efficacy in GBM patients.
Optical frequency comb generation by pulsed pumping (2017)

A synchronously pumped Kerr cavity is proposed and studied for power-efficient frequency comb generation in optical microring resonators. The system is modeled using the Lugiato-Lefever equation. Analytical solutions are provided for an ideal case and extended by numerical methods to account for optical loss and higher orders of dispersion. It is shown that the average power requirement is reduced by the duty cycle of the pulse with respect to the conventional continuous-wave-pumped microrings, and it is significantly lower than the pulsed pumping of straight waveguides.
High performance thin quantum barrier InGaN/GaN solar cells on sapphire and bulk (0001) GaN substrates (2013)

We demonstrate high performance InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well solar cells with thin quantum barriers and spectral response extending to 460 nm. Devices grown on bulk (0001) GaN substrates with up to 50 quantum wells (QWs) outperform those grown simultaneously on sapphire due to the lower threading dislocation density. Increasing the number of QWs eventually leads to performance degradation of devices grown on both substrates. Solar cells are demonstrated with peak external quantum efficiencies up to 60%, open circuit voltages up to 2.28 V, fill factors up to 80%, and conversion efficiencies up to 2.4% under 1 sun AM0 equivalent illumination.
Tracking the Hercules 265 marine gas well blowout in the Gulf of Mexico (2015)

Abstract On 23 July 2013, a marine gas rig ( Hercules 265 ) ignited in the northern Gulf of Mexico. The rig burned out of control for 2 days before being extinguished. We conducted a rapid‐response sampling campaign near Hercules 265 after the fire to ascertain if sediments and fishes were polluted above earlier baseline levels. A surface drifter study confirmed that surface ocean water flowed to the southeast of the Hercules site, while the atmospheric plume generated by the blowout was in eastward direction. Sediment cores were collected to the SE of the rig at a distance of ∼0.2, 8, and 18 km using a multicorer, and demersal fishes were collected from ∼0.2 to 8 km SE of the rig using a longline (508 hooks). Recently deposited sediments document that only high molecular weight (HMW) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations decreased with increasing distance from the rig suggesting higher pyrogenic inputs associated with the blowout. A similar trend was observed in the foraminifera Haynesina germanica , an indicator species of pollution. In red snapper bile, only HMW PAH metabolites increased in 2013 nearly double those from 2012. Both surface sediments and fish bile analyses suggest that, in the aftermath of the blowout, increased concentration of pyrogenically derived hydrocarbons was transported and deposited in the environment. This study further emphasizes the need for an ocean observing system and coordinated rapid‐response efforts from an array of scientific disciplines to effectively assess environmental impacts resulting from accidental releases of oil contaminants.
Construction and Analysis of a Human-Chimpanzee Comparative Clone Map (2002)

The recently released human genome sequences provide us with reference data to conduct comparative genomic research on primates, which will be important to understand what genetic information makes us human. Here we present a first-generation human-chimpanzee comparative genome map and its initial analysis. The map was constructed through paired alignment of 77,461 chimpanzee bacterial artificial chromosome end sequences with publicly available human genome sequences. We detected candidate positions, including two clusters on human chromosome 21 that suggest large, nonrandom regions of difference between the two genomes.
Abstract 4991: Hyleukin-7, the Fc-fused interleukin-7, generates anti-tumor activity by modulating both adaptive and innate immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (2019)

Abstract Interleukine-7 (IL-7), a strong candidate for a novel immunotherapeutic agent, plays important roles in the development and homeostasis of T lymphocytes. Recombinant IL-7 has shown positive effects in various models by increasing T cells in both mice and humans; however, the short half-life and stability of recombinant IL-7 has remained a challenge for its clinical application to cancer immunotherapy. Here, we investigated anti-tumor effects of a long-acting form of recombinant human IL-7 fused with hybrid Fc (rhIL-7-hyFc; Hyleukin-7) in mice. rhIL-7-hyFc administration in tumor-free mice generated the cytokine-induced CD8+ T cell proliferation, which altering CD8+ T cell homeostasis by expanding largely the TCM-phenotype CD8+ T cells displaying activation-induced attributes, such as Eomes, Granzyme B, CXCR3, and IFN-γ. When injected into mice with syngeneic tumor graft, rhIL-7-hyFc induced anti-tumor activity in a dose-dependent manner. rhIL-7-hyFc dramatically expands CD8+ T cells in the periphery and recruits effector CD8+ T cells in the tumor, yielding a high CD8+ T/Treg cell ratio in the tumor microenvironment (TME). rhIL-7-hyFc increases Ki-67 and granzyme-B expression but decreases expression levels of immune checkpoint molecules on CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Surprisingly, rhIL-7-hyFc reduced myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the TME, yielding the high CD8+ T/MDSC ratio. Collectively, rhIL-7-hyFc treatment confers anti-cancer activity by inducing a “CD8+ T cell infiltrated-inflamed-immune favorable” TME. The combination treatment of rhIL-7-hyFc with cyclophosphamide and immune checkpoint blockades showed enhanced anti-tumor efficacy in an advanced tumor model. Furthermore, we found that the anti-tumor activity of rhIL-7-hyFc was achieved under lymphopenic conditions by normalizing CD8+ T cell homeostasis. In sum, rhIL-7-hyFc generates an effective anti-tumor response through reconstructing CD8+ T lymphocytes; this activity was highly enhanced by combination therapies with the chemotherapeutics and immune checkpoint blockades. Our data suggests that rhIL-7-hyFc can be applied to various cancer immunotherapy regimens as a monotherapy or in combination partner with conventional and other immunotherapies. Citation Format: Ji-Hae Kim, Sung-Wook Hong, Young-Min Kim, Saet-byeul Jo, Man Kyu Ji, Yeon Kyung Oh, Han Wook Park, Sora Kim, Donghoon Choi, Byung Ha Lee, Se Hwan Yang, Young Chul Sung, Seung-Woo Lee. Hyleukin-7, the Fc-fused interleukin-7, generates anti-tumor activity by modulating both adaptive and innate immune cells in the tumor microenvironment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4991.
Ba4Ta2O9 Oxide Prepared from an Oxalate-Based Molecular Precursor—Characterization and Properties (2013)

A novel heterometallic oxalate-based compound, {Ba2(H2O)5[TaO(C2O4)3]HC2O4}·H2O (1), was obtained by using an (oxalato)tantalate(V) aqueous solution as a source of the complex anion and characterized by X-ray single-crystal diffraction, IR spectroscopy, and thermal analysis. Compound 1 is a three-dimensional (3D) coordination polymer with the Ta atom connected to eight neighboring Ba atoms through the oxalate ligands and the oxo oxygen group. Thermal treatment of 1 up to 1200 °C leads to molecular precursor-to-material conversion that yields the mixed-metal γ-Ba4Ta2O9 phase. This high-temperature γ-Ba4Ta2O9 polymorph has the 6H-perovskite structure (space group P6(3)/m), in which the Ta2O9 face-sharing octahedral dimers are interconnected via corners to the regular BaO6 octahedra. To date, γ-Ba4Ta2O9 has never been obtained at room temperature, because of the reduction of symmetry (P6(3)/m → P2(1)/c) that usually occurs during the cooling. Spectroscopic, optical, photocatalytic, and electrical properties of the obtained γ-Ba4Ta2O9 phase were investigated. In addition to the experimental data, an absorption spectrum and band structure of the γ-Ba4Ta2O9 polymorph were calculated using density functional theory.