gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Study Of Poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) In Water (2010)

The linear polymer Poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM) in aqueous solution has been examined by Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) as a function of concentration and temperature in the wave vector range 0.017 to 0.35 Å−1. The intensity of scattering showed about five‐fold decrease as the temperature increased from 30 to 50° C accompanied by phase separation. When mixed with a 1% Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) surfactant, the SANS data showed evidence for the polymer being included within the surfactant micellar aggregates whose mean separation was about 100 Å. It is possible that inclusion in the surfactant micelle occurs preferentially over the phase separation in PNIPAM. Thermo‐reversibility of the mixed solution of PNIPAM and SDS was also observed.
Immobilisation of Multiple Ligands Using Peptide Nucleic Acids: A Strategy to Prepare the Microenvironment for Cell Culture (2017)

Abstract Cells often interact with various biomolecules simultaneously that are insoluble or immobilised form. We have developed a method to present multiple biological ligands on a solid support to emulate the physiological microenvironment. The immobilisation of biological ligands with precise spatial control was achieved using self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) of peptide nucleic acids (PNAs). Thiol‐functionalised PNAs were patterned on a gold surface with the specific orientation using a microfluidic system. The complementary PNA sequences terminating with oxyamine groups were conjugated with aldehyde‐ or ketone‐functionalised ligands via oxime ligation. The hybridisation of the ligand‐carrying complementary PNA sequences onto the thiol‐PNA on the gold surface resulted in the installation of functional ligands that can be used in manipulating cell behaviour. Adhesive ligands immobilised in this manner supported adhesion and growth of cells. Immobilisation of multiple ligands can be achieved through this method by designing different sequences of oligo PNAs without the necessity of complex orthogonal chemical coupling reactions.
A Longitudinal Study of Diffusion Tensor Imaging in ALS Patients (S36.004) (2013)

OBJECTIVE: To assess changes in white matter tracts integrity in ALS patients and controls, early and at 6 months using DTI.
Interplay between charge, orbital, and magnetic ordering inLa1−xSrxMnO3 (2001)

The evolution with x of the complex phase diagram below 310 K of ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ in the range $0&lt;~x&lt;~0.35$ has been mapped out with measurements on a series of melt-grown samples of resistivity $\ensuremath{\rho}(T),$ specific heat ${C}_{p}(T),$ magnetization $M(T)$ in applied magnetic fields $H=20\mathrm{Oe},$ 5 kOe, and magnetization at 5 K up to 50 kOe. Between the canted-spin antiferromagnetic insulator and ferromagnetic metal (FM) phases, an unusual interplay between charge, orbital, and magnetic ordering is revealed. In the paramagnetic range ${T}_{c}&lt;T&lt;{T}_{\mathrm{JT}}$ the electrons of e-orbital parentage are preferentially ordered into (001) planes and the system exhibits a colossal magnetoresistance. At temperatures below a ${T}_{\mathrm{oo}}&lt;{T}_{c},$ a different orbital order is found; in an applied magnetic field it is associated with a ferromagnetic insulator (FI) phase. In a narrow temperature interval ${T}_{\mathrm{oo}}&lt;T&lt;{T}_{c},$ the system is conductive and a spin glass in an applied magnetic field $H=20\mathrm{Oe}$ is transformed by $H=5\mathrm{kOe}$ into a ferromagnetic vibronic phase. As the cooperative orbital-ordering temperature ${T}_{\mathrm{JT}}$ decreases with increasing x, the transition at ${T}_{\mathrm{JT}}$ changes from second-order to first-order. In $H=50\mathrm{kOe}$ at 5 K, the magnetization of the FI phase exceeds the theoretical spin-only value of $(4\ensuremath{-}x){\ensuremath{\mu}}_{B}/\mathrm{Mn},$ reaching $4.4{\ensuremath{\mu}}_{B}/\mathrm{Mn}$ at $x=0.15;$ the magnetization of the FM phase has the spin-only value.
Proprioceptive control for a robotic vehicle over geometric obstacles (2004)

In this paper we describe a software system built to coordinate an autonomous vehicle with variable configuration ability operating in rough terrain conditions. The paper describes the system architecture, with an emphasis on the action planning function. This is intended to work with a proprioceptive algorithm that continuously coordinates wheel torques and suspension forces and positions to achieve optimal terrain crossing performance.
Characterization of an Unintentional Wi-Fi Interference Device ¿ the Residential Microwave Oven (2006)

Some devices not used for data communications radiate in the 2.4 GHz wireless-fidelity (Wi-Fi) band, thus causing unintentional interference that degrades the performance of IEEE 802.11 wireless systems. An analytical model for radio emissions from one of the most common unintentional interferers, the residential microwave oven, is developed from laboratory measurements. Simulation of the analytical model results in a power spectral density and spectrogram that are in good agreement with experimental data. An interference mitigation technique is proposed for the microwave oven emission
Very Low Voltage (VLV) Design (2017)

This paper is a tutorial-style introduction to a special session on: Effective Voltage Scaling in the Late CMOS Era. It covers the fundamental challenges and associated solution strategies in pursuing very low voltage (VLV) designs. We discuss the performance and system reliability constraints that are key impediments to VLV. The associated trade-offs across power, performance and reliability are helpful in inferring the optimal operational voltage-frequency point. This work was performed under the auspices of an ongoing DARPA program (named PERFECT) that is focused on maximizing system-level energy efficiency.
Radiosynthesis and evaluation of 4-(6-[18F]Fluoro-4-(5-isopropoxy-1H-indazol-3-yl)pyridin-2-yl)morpholine as a novel radiotracer candidate targeting leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (2020)

Mutations that increase leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) activity in the brain are associated with Parkinson's disease. Here, we synthesized a novel compound 4-(6-fluoro-4-(5-isopropoxy-1<i>H</i>-indazol-3-yl)pyridin-2-yl)morpholine (FIPM) and labeled it with fluorine-18 (<sup>18</sup>F), to develop a positron emission tomography (PET) tracer for <i>in vivo</i> visualization of LRRK2 in the brain. FIPM showed high <i>in vitro</i> binding affinity for LRRK2 (IC<sub>50</sub> = 8.0 nM). [<sup>18</sup>F]FIPM was prepared in 5% radiochemical yield (<i>n</i> = 5), by inserting <sup>18</sup>F into a pyridine ring, followed by removal of the protecting group. After HPLC separation and formulation, [<sup>18</sup>F]FIPM was acquired with >97% radiochemical purity and 103-300 GBq μmol<sup>-1</sup> of molar activity at the end of radiosynthesis. Biodistribution and small-animal PET studies in mice indicated a low <i>in vivo</i> specific binding of [<sup>18</sup>F]FIPM. While [<sup>18</sup>F]FIPM presented limited potential as an <i>in vivo</i> PET tracer for LRRK2, we suggested that it can be used as a lead compound for developing new radiotracers with improved <i>in vivo</i> brain properties.
Related Article from Intratumoral Anti-CTLA-4 Therapy: Enhancing Efficacy While Avoiding Toxicity (2023)

Related Article from Intratumoral Anti-CTLA-4 Therapy: Enhancing Efficacy While Avoiding Toxicity
Abstract 17604: Identification of Genotype-specific Electrocardiogram Patterns in Long QT Syndrome Using a Novel, Automated T Wave Analysis Program (2015)

Introduction: Congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a sudden cardiac death-predisposing genetic disorder that has a characteristic electrocardiographic signature. Specific LQTS genotypes have been associated classically with different qualitative electrocardiographic ST - T wave patterns; however, clinical recognition of these patterns could be improved by an automated and quantitative method. We therefore aimed to use a novel, quantitative T wave morphological analysis technique from 12-lead surface ECGs to identify genotype specific LQTS ECG patterns. Methods: We analyzed a genotyped cohort of 420 patients (22 ± 15.7years, 43% male) with either LQT1 (61%) or LQT2 (39%). ECG analysis was conducted using a custom T wave program to automatically detect subtle changes in T wave morphology across all 12 Leads. Classification was performed using the top three T wave features in a linear discriminant classifier by 10x10 cross-validation. Results: The top three discriminant features were (1) a steeper T wave left slope for LQT1 in lead II (2950 vs 1700 mV/ms, p &lt; 0.0001), (2) a greater center of gravity in 1st segment of T wave in lead aVR in LQT1 (0.248 vs 0.209, p&lt;0.0001) and (3) a smaller Tpeak - Tend/QT ratio in lead aVR in LQT1 (0.20 vs 0.24, p&lt;0.0001). Using these top three features, we were able to successfully differentiate LQT1 and LQT2 in 79% of cases (figure 1). Conclusions: An automated morphological T wave analysis was able to discriminate between the two most common LQTS genotypes. This novel method enhances phenotypic characterization of LQT and could have a significant clinical impact on the diagnosis and management of patients with suspected LQTS.
Functional vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) proton pumps traffic to the enterocyte brush border membrane and require CFTR (2013)

Vacuolar ATPases (V-ATPases) are highly conserved proton pumps that regulate organelle pH. Epithelial luminal pH is also regulated by cAMP-dependent traffic of specific subunits of the V-ATPase complex from endosomes into the apical membrane. In the intestine, cAMP-dependent traffic of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channels and the sodium hydrogen exchanger (NHE3) in the brush border regulate luminal pH. V-ATPase was found to colocalize with CFTR in intestinal CFTR high expresser (CHE) cells recently. Moreover, apical traffic of V-ATPase and CFTR in rat Brunner's glands was shown to be dependent on cAMP/PKA. These observations support a functional relationship between V-ATPase and CFTR in the intestine. The current study examined V-ATPase and CFTR distribution in intestines from wild-type, CFTR(-/-) mice and polarized intestinal CaCo-2BBe cells following cAMP stimulation and inhibition of CFTR/V-ATPase function. Coimmunoprecipitation studies examined V-ATPase interaction with CFTR. The pH-sensitive dye BCECF determined proton efflux and its dependence on V-ATPase/CFTR in intestinal cells. cAMP increased V-ATPase/CFTR colocalization in the apical domain of intestinal cells and redistributed the V-ATPase Voa1 and Voa2 trafficking subunits from the basolateral membrane to the brush border membrane. Voa1 and Voa2 subunits were localized to endosomes beneath the terminal web in untreated CFTR(-/-) intestine but redistributed to the subapical cytoplasm following cAMP treatment. Inhibition of CFTR or V-ATPase significantly decreased pHi in cells, confirming their functional interdependence. These data establish that V-ATPase traffics into the brush border membrane to regulate proton efflux and this activity is dependent on CFTR in the intestine.
Genetic analysis of “leucine‐rich repeat (LRR) and immunoglobulin (Ig) domain‐containing, Nogo receptor‐interacting protein‐1 (LINGO1)” in two independent Chinese parkinson's disease populations (2010)

A large genome-wide association study has shown that the "leucine-rich repeat (LRR) and immunoglobulin (Ig) domain-containing, Nogo receptor-interacting protein-1 (LINGO1) gene" is associated with an increased risk for essential tremor (ET) recently. Given the clinical phenotype overlap between Parkinson's disease (PD) and ET, and LINGO1 had also been demonstrated to play roles in the structural plasticity and integrity of the DA neurons as well as survival of dopaminergic neurons in PD animal models, it has been suggested that the LINGO1 variant could be associated with PD. Here, we report the first analysis of the LINGO1 variant rs9652490 (A > G) in two independent case-control cohorts in ethnic Chinese populations involving a total of 1,305 subjects (649 PD patients and 656 controls) from Taiwan and Singapore. We were unable to demonstrate any significant association between genotype distribution and allele frequency with risk of PD in each case-control study and in the pooled analysis. Further meta-analysis including all published data and ours failed to demonstrate any modulatory role of rs9652490 GG genotype or G allele. LINGO1 variant rs9652490 (A > G) is unlikely to play a major role in PD in our Chinese populations.
Daily Consumption of a Specially Formulated Essential Amino Acid-Based Dietary Supplement Improves Physical Performance in Older Adults With Low Physical Functioning (2021)

We have investigated the hypothesis that nutritional supplementation of the diet in low-physical-functioning older individuals with a specially formulated composition based on essential amino acids (EAAs) would improve physical function as compared to supplementation with the same amount of whey protein. A third group of comparable volunteers were given nutrition education but no supplementation of the diet. After 6 weeks of whey protein supplementation (n = 32), there was no effect on the distance walked in 6 minutes, but the distance walked improved significantly from the pre-value after 12 weeks of whey supplementation. EAA consumption (n = 28) significantly improved walking distance at both 6 and 12 weeks. The distance walked at 12 weeks (419.0 ± 25.0 m) was 35.4 m greater than the pre-value of 384.0 ± 23.0 m (p < .001). The increase in distance walked by the EAA group was also significantly greater than that in the whey group at both 6 and 12 weeks (p < .01). In contrast, a decrease in distance walked was observed in the control group (n = 32) (not statistically significant, NS). EAA supplementation also improved grip strength and leg strength, and decreased body weight and fat mass. Plasma low-density lipoprotein concentration was significantly reduced in the EAA group, as well as the concentration of macrophage migration inhibitory factor. There were no adverse responses in any groups, and compliance was greater than 95% in all individuals consuming supplements. We conclude that dietary supplementation with an EAA-based composition may be a beneficial therapy in older individuals with low physical functional capacity. Clinical Trials Registration Number: This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03424265-"Nutritional interventions in heart failure."
Supplementary Table 1 from Gene Expression Profiling using Nanostring Digital RNA Counting to Identify Potential Target Antigens for Melanoma Immunotherapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 79K, Supplemental Table S1. Reactivity of target melanoma lines based on previous published data.&lt;/p&gt;
Modeling High-frequency Pacing With A Discrete Cardiac Strand (2005)

A computer model of a one-dimensional cardiac strand con~~xl of separate cells connected by ,ituicl;ions was used to tlctrrniine stimnlat,ion t~hresholds foi pacing n.it>h 2 nis Imrsts of higI~-lrequency monophasic pulses. Two models of cardiac straiid were used (1) a strand with junctions inodeled by purely resistive regions. and (2) a strand with junctions modeled by resishncc and capacitance connected in series. The simulations were repeated for frequencies ranging from 0.25 to 10 kHz and yielded st,rength-frequency curves for cathodal and anodal pac- ing. If the junctions were represented by pure resistivities, the curves obtained from the model disagreed with those from animal experiments. The inclusion of junctional capacitance of sizalile value (120.1GO pF) was necessary to bring modeling results in a.grcement with experiments.
Human TCR-gamma+/delta+, CD8+ T lymphocytes recognize tetanus toxoid in an MHC-restricted fashion. (1989)

We have analyzed the ability of human gamma+/delta+ T cells to recognize a nominal antigen in association with MHC molecules. A TT-specific T cell line with approximately 40% gamma+/delta+ T cells was established from a hyperimmunized donor, D.F., by stimulation with antigen and autologous APC. Three DF-derived gamma+/delta+ clones were CD8+ as determined by immunofluorescence staining, and by Southern and Northern blotting with probes detecting delta chain rearrangement and delta and gamma chain transcripts, respectively. The gamma+/delta+ clones responded to stimulation with TT, but not TNP-BSA, and autologous APC by proliferation and IFN-gamma production. No proliferation or IFN-gamma production was detected when TT-specific T cell clones were stimulated with either TT or autologous APC only. The response to TT was enhanced by addition of exogenous IL-2. The use of allogeneic APC from 19 donors sharing one HLA-determinant with the autologous donor D.F., showed that the gamma+/delta+ T cells responded to TT with HLA-DR4-related restriction as measured by proliferation and IFN-gamma production. These results demonstrate that gamma/delta receptors can recognize non-MHC-encoded foreign antigen in a self-MHC-restricted fashion.
Abstract 1758: Intratumoral IL-12 mRNA promotes cytotoxic T cell-dependent anti-tumor immunity and enhances responses to PD-L1 blockade in pre-clinical models (2018)

Abstract As a central mediator of TH1 immune responses, interleukin 12 (IL-12) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a key role in driving anti-tumor immunity. Recombinant IL-12 has been reported to promote CD8+ cytotoxic T cell (CTL) dependent anti-tumor immunity in a wide variety of preclinical models. However, systemic recombinant IL-12 was poorly tolerated in early clinical trials. We are therefore investigating whether intra-tumoral (IT) delivery of a messenger RNA encoding IL-12 formulated in lipid nanoparticles can drive local IL-12 expression in solid tumors to induce TME transformation and anti-tumor immunity. Here we report that IT IL-12 mRNA induces dose-dependent local IL-12 protein expression in mice bearing both subcutaneous syngeneic and patient-derived xenograft tumors. In multiple syngeneic tumor models (e.g. MC38, A20), mouse IL-12 mRNA (mIL-12 mRNA) treatment promoted dose-dependent tumor regression and significantly improved overall survival. Flow cytometry and luminex analysis revealed that anti-tumor activity of mIL-12 mRNA was accompanied by transformation of the TME characteristic of a TH1 immune response. IFNγ induction and natural killer cell activation was accompanied by antigen presenting cell maturation, increased CTL numbers and activation, and increased PD-L1 expression. Furthermore, rejection of established MC38 tumors in response to mIL-12 mRNA was CTL-dependent, and animals demonstrated immunity to subsequent re-challenge with MC38 tumor cells. Since mIL-12 mRNA enhanced PD-L1 expression in the TME, we next investigated whether PD-L1 blockade would enhance responses to mIL-12 mRNA. We found that the combination of a single dose of mIL-12 mRNA and PD-L1 blockade led to significantly more complete responses compared to mIL-12 mRNA monotherapy in the PD-L1 resistant MC38 model. Furthermore, A single dose of mIL-12 mRNA induced rejection of un-injected MC38 tumors in a dual flank model, and this was further enhanced by combination with PD-L1 blockade. These preclinical data demonstrate the potential for IT IL-12 mRNA to drive TME transformation into a proinflammatory state consistent with a TH1 immune response and to ignite CTL-dependent anti-tumor immunity, even in a PD-L1 resistant setting. Citation Format: Susannah L. Hewitt, Nadia Luheshi, Dyane Bailey, John Zielinski, Ameya Apte, Faith Musenge, Russell Karp, Grace Adjei, Andrew Leinster, Sushma Gurumurthy, Ankita Mishra, Kristen Arnold, Darren Potz, Robert W. Wilkinson, Ronald Herbst, Joshua P. Frederick. Intratumoral IL-12 mRNA promotes cytotoxic T cell-dependent anti-tumor immunity and enhances responses to PD-L1 blockade in pre-clinical models [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1758.
Evaluation of photoluminescence and scintillation properties of Yb<sup>2+</sup>-doped SrCl<sub>2−</sub><i><sub>x</sub></i>Br<i><sub>x</sub></i> crystals (2021)

Photoluminescence and scintillation properties are reported for SrCl2−xBrx:Yb2+ (x = 0, 0.3, 1.4, 1.6, and 2.0) crystals grown by a self-seeding solidification method. SrCl2−xBrx have been reported to crystallize in some structural types with different local site symmetries depending on the Cl/Br ratio. Taking advantage of this property, we can control the crystal structure and the local Yb2+ site symmetry of SrCl2−xBrx:Yb2+ by changing the compositions and investigate the behaviors of the spin-allowed and spin-forbidden transitions dependent on the local site symmetry. For photoluminescence and scintillation, both spin-allowed and spin-forbidden Yb2+ 5d–4f transitions were observed for SrCl2:Yb2+ with local Oh symmetry and SrCl0.4Br1.6:Yb2+ and SrBr2:Yb2+ with local C4h symmetry, whereas only spin-forbidden Yb2+ 5d–4f transition was observed for SrCl1.7Br0.3:Yb2+ and SrCl0.6Br1.4:Yb2+ with local D2h symmetry. The spin-allowed transitions were observed in crystals with higher local site symmetry. Light yields of SrCl2−xBrx:Yb2+ (x = 0, 0.3, 1.4, 1.6, and 2.0) were (21000 to 71000) photons/MeV. Crystals with higher local site symmetry, which showed the spin-allowed transitions, had relatively high light yields. Among them, SrCl0.4Br1.6:Yb2+ showed a light yield of 71000 photons/MeV, which is higher than those of previously reported Yb2+-doped scintillators, for example, SrI2:Yb2+ (56000 photons/MeV) and CsBa2I5:Yb2+ (54000 photons/MeV).
La taille des métropoles n’est qu’un bout de l’histoire (2020)

1ères lignes : D’où vient votre intérêt pour les grandes villes et les métropoles ?\n« Je suis Breton donc je m’intéresse toujours aux questions territoriales. Quand je suis arrivé à Sciences Po, jeune étudiant venant de Saint-Brieuc, ça a renforcé mon intérêt pour ces sujets à une époque où l’on faisait la décentralisation. Nous sommes dans les années 1980, beaucoup de gens réfléchissent à la remise en cause de la centralisation : comment les territoires vont-ils réagir, se transformer ? Au début, je m’intéresse plutôt aux territoires ruraux et aux petites villes puis, assez vite, je comprends que, contrairement à ce qu’on disait sur la fin des villes, on est en train de voir un retournement : ce sont plutôt les capitales régionales qui deviennent dynamiques. \n
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of N‐Carbobenzoxy‐N,N‐acetals. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Generic Groups, Collision Resistance, and ECDSA. (2002)

Proved here is the sufficiency of certain conditions to ensure the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) existentially unforgeable by adaptive chosen-message attacks. The sufficient conditions include (i) a uniformity property and collision-resistance for the underlying hash function, (ii) pseudo-randomness in the private key space for the ephemeral private key generator, (iii) generic treatment of the underlying group, and (iv) a further condition on how the ephemeral public keys are mapped into the private key space. For completeness, a brief survey of necessary security conditions is also given. Some of the necessary conditions are weaker than the corresponding sufficient conditions used in the security proofs here, but others are identical.
Network Queueing System (1988)

Described is the implementation of a networked, UNIX based queueing system developed on contract for NASA. The system discussed supports both batch and device requests, and provides the facilities of remote queueing, request routing, remote status, queue access controls, batch request resource quota limits, and remote output return.