gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Parasite-Monocyte Interactions in Human Leishmaniasis: Production of Interleukin-1 in Vitro (1985)

Leishmania are obligate intracellular protozoa that parasitize mononuclear phagocytes. Because mononuclear phagocytes are also the primary source of leukocytic pyrogen and of lymphocyte-activating factor, both considered properties of interleukin-1 (IL-1), we investigated in vitro production of leukocytic pyrogen and of lymphocyte-activating factor from human monocytes infected with Leishmania tropica. Despite parasitization of 95% of cells, 24- and 48-hr culture supernatants and cell lysates derived from L. tropica-infected monocytes did not contain IL-1. Leishmania that were killed by freezing or by glutaraldehyde treatment similarly did not induce monocyte production of IL-1. Of importance is the observation that human monocytes infected with L. tropica for 6 hr and then challenged with a potent IL-1 inducer (Staphylococcus epidermidis) produced significantly less IL-1 than did uninfected monocytes that were similarly challenged (P less than .001). This difference was not affected by the addition of indomethacin to the cultures. In contrast, soluble immune complexes prepared with an excess of L. tropica antigen and rabbit antibody to L. tropica induced high levels of IL-1 production from normal monocytes. Neither antigen nor antibody alone incubated with monocytes led to significant production of IL-1, however. Thus, these studies suggest that despite leishmanial adherence to, entrance into, and replication within human monocytes there is little or no stimulation of IL-1 production. This may represent a parasite evasion mechanism that retards the development of protective immune responses in leishmaniasis.
Phase Composition, Oxygen Content, and Thermal Conductivity of AIN(Y 2 O 3 ) Ceramics (1991)

An indirect method to determine the oxygen dissolved in AIN is devised for AIN(Y 2 O 3 ) ceramics and then related to thermal conductivity. Dissolved oxygen is determined by first constructing the AIN‐rich corner of the AIN—Y 2 O 3 —Al 2 O 3 phase diagram (isothermal section). This is achieved by (1) measuring the total oxygen content and subtracting from it the oxygen in the Y 2 O 3 , resulting in a virtual alumina content; (2) placing the sample composition on the diagram; (3) determining the phases present by XRD for each sample; and (4) drawing phase boundaries which best agree with the phases present. The intersection of these tie lines through the sample location with the AIN—Al 2 O 3 axis then gives the particular Al 2 O 3 oxygen content dissolved in the AIN lattice. For the system AIN—Y 2 O 3 —Al 2 O 3 , it is shown that it is indeed this fraction of the total oxygen content that has a decisive limiting influence on thermal conductivity of dense, polyphase AIN ceramics.
Method Development for Measuring Biodegradable Dissolved Organic Nitrogen in Treated Wastewater (2008)

A method for determining biodegradable dissolved organic nitrogen (BDON) in treated wastewater was developed. The method adopts the approaches used in the biochemical oxygen demand and biodegradable dissolved organic carbon tests to make it usable as a routine procedure at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The development focused on various aspects of the procedure, including inoculum type and concentration, incubation period, and the need for sample filtration after incubation. The method was tested with filtered effluent samples from two nutrient removal WWTPs and standard organic nitrogen solutions. Accurate and precise BDON results were obtained with 2 mL of acclimated mixed-liquor suspended solids diluted to a concentration of 240 mg/L as an inoculum and an incubation period of 20 days. Sample filtration after incubation was not required.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Persistent repair intermediates induce senescence. (2019)

Double-stranded DNA breaks activate a DNA damage checkpoint in G2 phase to trigger a cell cycle arrest, which can be reversed to allow for recovery. However, damaged G2 cells can also permanently exit the cell cycle, going into senescence or apoptosis, raising the question how an individual cell decides whether to recover or withdraw from the cell cycle. Here we find that the decision to withdraw from the cell cycle in G2 is critically dependent on the progression of DNA repair. We show that delayed processing of double strand breaks through HR-mediated repair results in high levels of resected DNA and enhanced ATRdependent signalling, allowing p21 to rise to levels at which it drives cell cycle exit. These data imply that cells have the capacity to discriminate breaks that can be repaired from breaks that are difficult to repair at a time when repair is still ongoing.
MD simulation trajectory and related files for POPC bilayer (Berger model delivered by Tieleman, Gromacs 4.5) (2014)

Equilibrated POPC lipid bilayer simulation ran with Gromacs 4.5, Berger force field delivered by Peter Tieleman (http://wcm.ucalgary.ca/tieleman/downloads), this trajectory contains the last 50 ns of a 270 ns simulation, T=298K, 128 POPC molecules, 7290 water molecules. This data is used in http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C2CP42738A and in the nmrlipids.blospot.fi project. More details from nmrlipids.blospot.fi and https://github.com/NMRLipids/nmrlipids.blogspot.fi. If data is used, please cite [Ferreira et al. <em>Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.</em>, 2013,15, 1976-1989], the nmrlipids.blogspot.fi project and the original publication related to the force field.
Incident photon-to-current efficiency measurements as a helpful tool to analyze luminescence loss mechanisms in organic light-emitting diodes (2013)

Electrical aging can increase non-radiative recombination processes in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) which leads to a reduction in device efficiency. We investigated aging-related changes of the opto-electronic properties of OLEDs by a combination of photoluminescence, electroluminescence (EL), and photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy as well as measurements of the incident photon-to-current efficiency (IPCE). The EL measurements revealed a pronounced decrease in radiative recombination after electrical aging, and it is demonstrated here that IPCE measurements can make a useful contribution to identify the materials and processes that are affected most by electrical aging.
Figure S1 from Human CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells Specific for Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Localize to Merkel Cell Carcinomas and Target a Required Oncogenic Domain (2023)

&lt;p&gt;ICS detects MCPyV-specific response in TIL from an MCC patients&lt;/p&gt;
Performance of a high T (sub c) superconducting ultra-low loss microwave stripline filter (1991)

Discussed here is the successful fabrication of a five-pole interdigital stripline filter made of the 93-K superconductor (Y1Ba2Cu3O(y)) coated on a silver substrate, with center frequency of 8.5 GHz and an extremely high rejection ratio of 80 dB. The lowest insertion loss measured was 0.1 dB at 12 K, with a return loss of better than 16 dB, representing a significant improvement over a similar copper filter; it is comparable to low critical temperature filters. The insertion loss appears to be limited by extrinsic factors, such as tuning mismatch and joint losses, and not by the superconducting material losses.
Oral Treatment with the d-Enantiomeric Peptide D3 Improves the Pathology and Behavior of Alzheimer’s Disease Transgenic Mice (2010)

Several lines of evidence suggest that the amyloid-β-peptide (Aβ) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Not only Aβ fibrils but also small soluble Aβ oligomers in particular are suspected to be the major toxic species responsible for disease development and progression. The present study reports on in vitro and in vivo properties of the Aβ targeting d-enantiomeric amino acid peptide D3. We show that next to plaque load and inflammation reduction, oral application of the peptide improved the cognitive performance of AD transgenic mice. In addition, we provide in vitro data elucidating the potential mechanism underlying the observed in vivo activity of D3. These data suggest that D3 precipitates toxic Aβ species and converts them into nonamyloidogenic, nonfibrillar, and nontoxic aggregates without increasing the concentration of monomeric Aβ. Thus, D3 exerts an interesting and novel mechanism of action that abolishes toxic Aβ oligomers and thereby supports their decisive role in AD development and progression.
Ultrafast optoelectronics (2003)

High-speed optoelectronics is a rapidly advancing area driven by the need for higher-speed fiber-optic transmission systems. This area is reviewed, with attention given to high-speed semiconductor lasers, mode-locked semiconductor lasers, and high-speed photodetectors. It is concluded that the prospects look good for expanded use of the large bandwidth capability of optical fiber. This expansion is driven by the increased demands of wideband video and data transmission. It is projected that, with the reduction of transport limitations in semiconductor lasers, bandwidths of semiconductor lasers will soon exceed 30 GHz and operation at 40 Gb/s is possible. Advances in high speed electronics should allow the goal of 40-Gb/s transmission to be realized over the next five years.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Nitric oxide enhances hydrogen peroxide-mediated endothelial permeability in vitro (1997)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of nitric oxide (NO) on H2O2-mediated endothelial permeability. H2O2 (0.1 mM) increased permeability at 90 min to 298% of baseline. Spermine NONOate (SNO), an NO donor, at 0.1 or 1 mM did not alter permeability. However, 0.1 mM H2O2 + 1 mM SNO increased permeability to 764%, twice that of 0.1 mM H2O2 alone. These treatments were not directly toxic to endothelial cells. This NO effect was concentration dependent, inasmuch as 0.1 mM SNO did not significantly change H2O2-mediated permeability. The NO-enhanced, H2O2-dependent permeability required the simultaneous presence of NO and H2O2, inasmuch as preincubation with SNO for 30 min followed by 0.1 mM H2O2 did not alter permeability. Staining of endothelial junctions showed widening of the intercellular space only in junctions of cells exposed to H2O2 (0.1 mM) + SNO (1 mM). Furthermore, NO did not affect H2O2 metabolism by endothelial cells but significantly depleted intracellular glutathione. This reduction of cell glutathione produced by NO exposure recovered 15-30 min after removal of the NO donor. NO-enhanced permeability was completely blocked by methionine (1 mM), a scavenger of reactive oxygen species, and by the iron chelator desferrioxamine (0.1 mM). These results suggest that NO may exacerbate the effects of H2O2-dependent increase in endothelial monolayer permeability via the iron-catalyzed formation of reactive oxygen metabolites.
New Maze-Type Network Assembled by Copper(II) and 4,4‘-Diaminodiphenylmethane:  {[Cu(C13H14N2)(C3H4O4)Cl]Cl}2 (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTNew Maze-Type Network Assembled by Copper(II) and 4,4'-Diaminodiphenylmethane: {[Cu(C13H14N2)(C3H4O4)Cl]Cl}2Yugen Zhang, Masayoshi Nishiura, Li Jianmin, Deng Wei, and Tsuneo ImamotoView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan Cite this: Inorg. Chem. 1999, 38, 4, 825–827Publication Date (Web):January 30, 1999Publication History Received31 July 1998Published online30 January 1999Published inissue 22 February 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic980911yhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ic980911ybrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views135Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Ions,Ligands,Macrocycles,Mathematical methods,Supramolecular structures and assemblies Get e-Alerts
Periodical arrays of optical nano-antennas (Critical Review Lecture) (2003)

Analytical theory and numerical calculations for periodic arrays of metal nanoparticles indicate resonant-like enhancement of local electromagnetic field, which can be tuned by varying a ratio of particle diameter to interparticle spacing. For Raman scattering, local field enhancements on the order of 10<sup>13</sup> and surface-averaged field enhancements on the order of 10<sup>11</sup> can be achieved udner optimal conditions. This is several orders of magnitude greater tan that obtaiend in disordered metal-dielectric films, and suggests a new design for engineering plasmonic substrates supporting intense and spatially well-defined field patterns, with direct applications for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), and surface-enhanced optical nonlinearities.
Structure-Activity Profiles of Ab-Derived TNF Fusion Proteins (2006)

TNF application in humans is limited by severe side effects, including life-threatening symptoms of shock. Therefore, TNF can be successfully applied as a tumor therapeutic reagent only under conditions that prevent its systemic action. To overcome this limitation, genetic fusion of TNF to tumor-selective Abs is a favored strategy to increase site-specific cytokine targeting. Because wild-type TNF displays its bioactivity as noncovalently linked homotrimer, the challenge is to define structural requirements for a TNF-based immunokine format with optimized structure-activity profile. We compared toxicity and efficacy of a dimerized CH2/CH3 truncated IgG1-TNF fusion protein and a single-chain variable fragment-coupled TNF monomer recognizing fibroblast-activating protein. The former construct preserves its dimeric structure stabilized by the natural disulfide bond IgG1 hinge region, while the latter trimerizes under native conditions. Analysis of complex formation of wild-type TNF and of both fusion proteins with TNFR type 1 (TNF-R1) using surface plasmon resonance correlated well with in vitro and in vivo toxicity data. There is strong evidence that TNF subunits in a trimeric state display similar toxicity profiles despite genetic fusion to single-chain variable fragment domains. However, LD(50) of either immunodeficient BALB/c nu/nu or immunocompetent BALB/c mice was significantly decreased following administration of TNF in the formation of IgG1-derived dimeric fusion protein. Reduction of unspecific peripheral complexation of TNF-R1 resulted in higher anticancer potency by immunotargeting of fibroblast-activating protein-expressing xenografts. The broader therapeutic window of the IgG1-derived TNF fusion protein favors the dimeric TNF-immunokine format for systemic TNF-based tumor immunotherapy.
Free-space optical communications research and demonstrations at the US Naval Research Laboratory (2015)

Free-space optical communication can allow high-bandwidth data links that are hard to detect, intercept, or jam. This makes them attractive for many applications. However, these links also require very accurate pointing, and their availability is affected by weather. These challenges have limited the deployment of free-space optical systems. The U.S. Naval Research Laboratory has, for the last 15 years, engaged in research into atmospheric propagation and photonic components with a goal of characterizing and overcoming these limitations. In addition several demonstrations of free-space optical links in real-world Navy applications have been conducted. This paper reviews this work and the principles guiding it.
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Dependent Mutual Amplification between Netrin-1 and the Hepatitis C Virus (2016)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an oncogenic virus associated with the onset of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The present study investigated the possible link between HCV infection and Netrin-1, a ligand for dependence receptors that sustains tumorigenesis, in particular in inflammation-associated tumors. We show that Netrin-1 expression is significantly elevated in HCV+ liver biopsies compared to hepatitis B virus (HBV+) and uninfected samples. Furthermore, Netrin-1 was upregulated in all histological stages of HCV+ hepatic lesions, from minimal liver fibrosis to cirrhosis and HCC, compared to histologically matched HCV- tissues. Both cirrhosis and HCV contributed to the induction of Netrin-1 expression, whereas anti-HCV treatment resulted in a reduction of Netrin-1 expression. In vitro, HCV increased the level and translation of Netrin-1 in a NS5A-La-related protein 1 (LARP1)-dependent fashion. Knockdown and forced expression experiments identified the receptor uncoordinated receptor-5 (UNC5A) as an antagonist of the Netrin-1 signal, though it did not affect the death of HCV-infected cells. Netrin-1 enhanced infectivity of HCV particles and promoted viral entry by increasing the activation and decreasing the recycling of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a protein that is dysregulated in HCC. Netrin-1 and HCV are, therefore, reciprocal inducers in vitro and in patients, as seen from the increase in viral morphogenesis and viral entry, both phenomena converging toward an increase in the level of infectivity of HCV virions. This functional association involving a cancer-related virus and Netrin-1 argues for evaluating the implication of UNC5 receptor ligands in other oncogenic microbial species.
Chip-level performance maximization using ASIS (application-specific interconnect structure) wiring design concept for 45 nm CMOS devices (2006)

A novel interconnect design concept named "ASIS (application-specific interconnect structure)" is presented for 45 nm CMOS performance maximization. Basic scheme of ASIS is that corresponding to applications, such as high-performance, low-power or high reliability, interconnect structure as well as metal thickness is individually optimized in order to maximize chip-level performance matched to the application. Our investigation shows that for low power application, the increased resistivity of scaled-down Cu-wire is not a main issue, so that thinner wire is more advantageous. For high-performance application, partially double pitch structure for local and intermediate layers is advantageous. For high-reliability requirement, CuAl-alloy or CoWP cap-metal is quite effective for boosting reliability
Cement leakage and filling pattern study of low viscous vertebroplastic versus high viscous confidence cement (2010)

The cement thickness and timing of delivery are key in controlling the intravertebral cement filling and physician may want to explore the use of low- or high-viscous cement for different fractures. The thickness of the cement has no significant impact on the intravertebral pressures.
Abstract 5398: High-throughput clonal analysis of AML tumors with droplet microfluidics (2017)

Abstract Single cell analysis tools are crucial to better understand the role that rare or heterogeneous cancer cells play in the evolution of tumor progression. Although, it is now feasible to perform single-cell RNA-Seq on thousands of, several challenges remain for high-throughput single-cell DNA sequencing. To address these challenges and enable the characterization of genetic diversity in cancer cell populations, we developed a novel approach that barcodes amplified genomic DNA of individual cells confined to microfluidic droplets. The barcodes are used to reassemble the genetic profiles of individual cells from next generation sequencing data. A key feature of our approach is the “two-step” microfluidic workflow that releases genomic DNA from cellular proteins prior to amplification. The microfluidic workflow first encapsulates individual cells in droplets, lyses the cells and prepares the lysate for genomic DNA amplification using proteases. Following this lysate preparation step, the proteases are inactivated and droplets containing the genomes of individual cells are then paired with molecular barcodes and PCR reagents. We demonstrate that the two-step microfluidic approach is vastly superior to workflows without the two-step process for efficient DNA amplification on tens of thousands of individual cells per run with high coverage uniformity and low allelic dropout of targeted genomic regions. To apply our single-cell sequencing technology to the study of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we developed a targeted panel to sequence genes frequently mutated in AML including TP53, DNMT3A, FLT3, NPM1, NRAS, KRAS, JAK2, IDH1 and IDH2. Using this panel, we were able to identify clonal populations from AML research samples; moreover, the single-cell nature of our approach enabled the correlation of multiple mutations within subclones and determination of whether the mutations existed as as a homozygote or heterozygote. Collectively, our results show a greater degree of heterogeneity in AML tumor samples than is commonly appreciated with bulk sequencing methods. Citation Format: Dennis Eastburn, Maurizio Pellegrino, Sebastian Treusch, Adam Sciambi, Bill Hyun, Jamie Yates. High-throughput clonal analysis of AML tumors with droplet microfluidics [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5398. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-5398
Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty Using Long Stem (2007)

当科では人工股関節再置換術は原則，セメントレスで行い，早期荷重を行っている．今回，ロングステムを用いた人工股関節再置換術について報告する．対象は1998年9月から2004年12月までにロングステムを用いて人工股関節再置換術を行った8例で，平均年齢72歳，平均観察期間22か月であった．大腿骨の骨欠損の程度（Endo-Klinik分類），合併症，JOAスコアを検討し，X線学的評価を行った．結果はEudo-Klinik分類ではgrade 3が7例，grade 4が1例であった．脱臼，感染などの合併症はなく，X線学的にも良好な成績が得られた．近位固定が不十分な症例にロングステムを使用することで，遠位でも初期固定が得られることにより早期荷重が可能であった．