gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of experimental methods for measuring radiation efficiency of antennas for portable telephones (2002)

The radiation efficiency of the antennas for portable telephones has been measured based on the pattern integration method (PIM) and the random field method (RFM). It is not easy to obtain a random field environment to apply the RFM. Although an anechoic chamber is required, the PIM is considered to be suitable for measuring the radiation efficiency of antennas for portable telephones because of the simplicity of the equipment, high accuracy, and stability of the measured results.
Detection of VM55599 and Preparaherquamide from Aspergillus japonicus and Penicillium fellutanum: Biosynthetic Implications (2008)

The secondary metabolites VM55599 (4) and preparaherquamide (5) have been identified by LC-MS(n) analysis as natural metabolites in cultures of Penicillium fellutanum, whereas preparaherquamide has been identified only in cultures of Aspergillus japonicus. In accord with a previous proposal, the identification of both metabolites, which have a diastereomeric relationship, provides indirect support for a unified biosynthetic scheme.
Induction of a Remarkable Conformational Change in a Human Telomeric Sequence by the Binding of Naphthyridine Dimer:  Inhibition of the Elongation of a Telomeric Repeat by Telomerase (2002)

The binding of a dimeric form of the 2-amino-1,8-naphthyridine derivative (naphthyridine dimer) to a human telomeric sequence, TTAGGG, was investigated by UV melting, CD spectra, and CSI-MS measurements. Both the 9-mer d(TTAGGGTTA) and the 15-mer d(TTAGGGTTAGGGTTA) showed apparent melting temperatures (T(m)) of 45.6 and 63.6 degrees C, respectively, in the presence of naphthyridine dimer (30 microM) in sodium cacodylate buffer (50 mM, pH 7.0) containing 100 mM NaCl. The CD spectra at 235 and 255 nm of the 9-mer increased in intensity accompanied with strong induced CDs at 285 and 340 nm upon complex formation with naphthyridine dimer. UV titration of the binding of naphthyridine dimer to the 9-mer at 320 nm showed a hypochromism of the spectra. A Scatchard plot of the data showed the presence of multiple binding sites with different association constants. Cold spray ionization mass spectrometry of the complex between naphthyridine dimer and the 9-mer clearly showed that one to three molecules of the ligand bound to the dimer duplex of the 9-mer. Telomeric repeat elongation assay showed that the binding of naphthyridine dimer to the telomeric sequence inhibits the elongation of the sequence by telomerase.
Scattering from a fluid-loaded cylindrical shell with axially periodic circumferential constraints using analytical numerical matching (1995)

Acoustic scattering from an infinitely long, thin elastic cylindrical shell with axially periodic circumferential constraints leads to the excitation of flexural, longitudinal, and shear waves on the shell. Of interest is the interaction of these structural waves with the discontinuous constraints, and the effect of this interaction on the resultant scattered sound field. This three-dimensional, fully coupled, structural acoustic problem is solved with the aid of a new method called analytical/numerical matching (ANM). The method combines high-resolution local analytical solutions and low-resolution global numerical solutions to more efficiently model structural discontinuities. ANM local solutions have been developed to efficiently capture the rapid variation in system response across the discontinuous constraint. The local solutions are combined with a smooth global solution, modeled by modal methods, to form an accurate, uniformly valid composite solution. The ANM composite solution is more accurate and converges more rapidly than the traditional modal approach. An important observation is that this scattering problem exhibits considerable sensitivity to modeling accuracy and convergence of structural response in the region of the discontinuities. Errors in these regions have an overall effect on the structure and the associated scattered field. [Work supported by ONR.]
Characteristics of BGS wave resonators using ceramic substrates and their applications (2002)

We tackled the challenge of developing the commercially usable Bleustein-Gulyaev-Skimizu (BGS) wave resonators using piezoelectric ceramic substrates in the frequency range between 30 and 110 MHz. We developed two types of resonators (low Q type and high Q type). The low Q type BGS wave resonators have been evaluated as resonators for an additional trap and for an auto frequency tuning (AFT) in a video intermediate frequency (VIF) circuit of TV and VCRs, and as resonators for digital European cordless telephone (DECT) demodulator. The high Q type BGS wave resonators have been evaluated as resonators (75 MHz) for personal computer clocks. In these applications the BGS wave resonators exhibit excellent characteristics.
Blind Seer: A Scalable Private DBMS (2014)

Query privacy in secure DBMS is an important feature, although rarely formally considered outside the theoretical community. Because of the high overheads of guaranteeing privacy in complex queries, almost all previous works addressing practical applications consider limited queries (e.g., just keyword search), or provide a weak guarantee of privacy. In this work, we address a major open problem in private DB: efficient sub linear search for arbitrary Boolean queries. We consider scalable DBMS with provable security for all parties, including protection of the data from both server (who stores encrypted data) and client (who searches it), as well as protection of the query, and access control for the query. We design, build, and evaluate the performance of a rich DBMS system, suitable for real-world deployment on today medium-to large-scale DBs. On a modern server, we are able to query a formula over 10TB, 100M-record DB, with 70 searchable index terms per DB row, in time comparable to (insecure) MySQL (many practical queries can be privately executed with work 1.2-3 times slower than MySQL, although some queries are costlier). We support a rich query set, including searching on arbitrary boolean formulas on keywords and ranges, support for stemming, and free keyword searches over text fields. We identify and permit a reasonable and controlled amount of leakage, proving that no further leakage is possible. In particular, we allow leakage of some search pattern information, but protect the query and data, provide a high level of privacy for individual terms in the executed search formula, and hide the difference between a query that returned no results and a query that returned a very small result set. We also support private and complex access policies, integrated in the search process so that a query with empty result set and a query that fails the policy are hard to tell apart.
Vertical c -axis microbridge junctions inYBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 /PrBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 multilayerthin films (1994)

Microbridge junctions have been fabricated in the vertical c-axis direction of trilayer YBCO/PBCO/YBCO evaporated thin films. Single junctions show critical current (Ic) modulation with applied magnetic field of approximately the period expected from their dimensions. The current/voltage characteristics show Shapiro steps to high orders when irradiated with microwaves. Very low inductance SQUIDs have been fabricated with dV/dΦ &gt; 1 mV at 50K.
Control flow prediction for dynamic ILP processors (1993)

Introduces a technique to enhance the ability of dynamic ILP processors to exploit (speculatively executed) parallelism. Existing branch prediction mechanisms used to establish a dynamic window from which ILP can be extracted are limited in their abilities to: (i) create a large, accurate dynamic window, (ii) initiate a large number of instructions into this window in every cycle, and (iii) traverse multiple branches of the control flow graph per prediction. The authors introduce control flow prediction which uses information in the control flow graph of a program to overcome these limitations. They discuss how information present in the control flow graph can be represented using multiblocks, and conveyed to the hardware using Control Flow Tables and Control Flow Prediction Buffers. They evaluate the potential of control flow prediction on an abstract machine and on a dynamic ILP processing model. The results indicate that control flow prediction is a powerful and effective assist to the hardware in making more informed run time decisions about program control flow. >
Pathology and Molecular Genetics of Pancreatic Neoplasms (2012)

Cancer is fundamentally a genetic disease caused by the accumulation of somatic mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. In the last decade, rapid advances in sequencing and bioinformatic technology led to an explosion in sequencing studies of cancer genomes, greatly expanding our knowledge of the genetic changes underlying a variety of tumor types. Several of these studies of cancer genomes have focused on pancreatic neoplasms, and cancers from the pancreas are some of the best characterized tumors at the genetic level. Pancreatic neoplasms encompass a wide array of clinical diseases, from benign cysts to deadly cancers, and the genetic alterations underlying neoplasms of the pancreas are similarly diverse. This new knowledge of pancreatic cancer genomes has deepened our understanding of tumorigenesis in the pancreas and has opened several promising new avenues for novel diagnostics and therapeutics.
Regulation by light and metabolites of ferredoxin‐dependent glutamate synthase in maize (2001)

The regulation of Fd-glutamate synthase (Fd-GOGAT, EC 1.4.1.7) and NADH-glutamate synthase (NADH-GOGAT, EC 1.4.1.14) was investigated in maize (Zea mays L. cv. DEA) (1) during development starting from 7- to 11-day-old seedlings, (2) by treatment of 7-day-old etiolated leaves with intermittent light pulses to activate (red) and inactivate (far-red) phytochromes and (3) in 7-day-old green leaves grown under 16-h light/8-h dark cycles. Fd-GOGAT mRNA accumulated 4-fold, and the enzyme polypeptide (3-fold) and activity (3-fold) also increased in leaf cells, while NADH-GOGAT activity remained constantly low. Leaf-specific induction of Fd-GOGAT mRNA (3-fold) occurred in etiolated leaves by low fluence red light, and far-red light reversibly repressed the mRNA accumulation. Red/far-red reversible induction also occurred for Fd-GOGAT polypeptide (2-fold) and activity (2-fold), implicating the phytochrome-dependent induction of Fd-GOGAT. In contrast, NADH-GOGAT activity remained constant, irrespective of red/far-red light treatments. Fd-GOGAT showed diurnal changes under light/dark cycles with the maximum early in the morning and the minimum in the afternoon at the levels of mRNA, enzyme polypeptide and activity. Gln diurnally changed in parallel with Fd-GOGAT mRNA. The induction of Fd-GOGAT provides evidence that light and metabolites are the major signal for the Gln and Glu formation in maize leaf cells.
Towards Hierarchical Importance Attribution: Explaining Compositional\n Semantics for Neural Sequence Models (2019)

The impressive performance of neural networks on natural language processing\ntasks attributes to their ability to model complicated word and phrase\ncompositions. To explain how the model handles semantic compositions, we study\nhierarchical explanation of neural network predictions. We identify\nnon-additivity and context independent importance attributions within\nhierarchies as two desirable properties for highlighting word and phrase\ncompositions. We show some prior efforts on hierarchical explanations, e.g.\ncontextual decomposition, do not satisfy the desired properties mathematically,\nleading to inconsistent explanation quality in different models. In this paper,\nwe start by proposing a formal and general way to quantify the importance of\neach word and phrase. Following the formulation, we propose Sampling and\nContextual Decomposition (SCD) algorithm and Sampling and Occlusion (SOC)\nalgorithm. Human and metrics evaluation on both LSTM models and BERT\nTransformer models on multiple datasets show that our algorithms outperform\nprior hierarchical explanation algorithms. Our algorithms help to visualize\nsemantic composition captured by models, extract classification rules and\nimprove human trust of models. Project page: https://inklab.usc.edu/hiexpl/\n
Pelvic Congestion Syndrome (2013)

Patients with pelvic congestion syndrome present with otherwise unexplained chronic pelvic pain that has been present for greater than 6 months, and anatomic findings that include pelvic venous insufficiency and pelvic varicosities. It remains an underdiagnosed explanation for pelvic pain in young, premenopausal, usually multiparous females. Symptoms include noncyclical, positional lower back, pelvic and upper thigh pain, dyspareunia, and prolonged postcoital discomfort. Symptoms worsen throughout the day and are exacerbated by activity or prolonged standing. Examination may reveal ovarian tenderness and unusual varicosities-vulvoperineal, posterior thigh, and gluteal. Diagnosis is suspected by clinical history and imaging that demonstrates pelvic varicosities. Venography is usually necessary to confirm ovarian vein reflux, although transvaginal ultrasound may be useful in documenting this finding. Endovascular therapy has been validated by several large patient series with long-term follow-up using standardized pain assessment surveys. Embolization has been shown to be significantly more effective than surgical therapy in improving symptoms in patients who fail hormonal therapy. Although there has been variation in approaches between investigators, the goal is elimination of ovarian vein reflux with or without direct sclerosis of enlarged pelvic varicosities. Symptom reduction is seen in 70 to 90% of the treated females despite technical variation.
Partial lipodystrophy and insulin resistant diabetes in a patient with a homozygous nonsense mutation in CIDEC (2009)

Lipodystrophic syndromes are characterized by adipose tissue deficiency. Although rare, they are of considerable interest as they, like obesity, typically lead to ectopic lipid accumulation, dyslipidaemia and insulin resistant diabetes. In this paper we describe a female patient with partial lipodystrophy (affecting limb, femorogluteal and subcutaneous abdominal fat), white adipocytes with multiloculated lipid droplets and insulin-resistant diabetes, who was found to be homozygous for a premature truncation mutation in the lipid droplet protein cell death-inducing Dffa-like effector C (CIDEC) (E186X). The truncation disrupts the highly conserved CIDE-C domain and the mutant protein is mistargeted and fails to increase the lipid droplet size in transfected cells. In mice, Cidec deficiency also reduces fat mass and induces the formation of white adipocytes with multilocular lipid droplets, but in contrast to our patient, Cidec null mice are protected against diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. In addition to describing a novel autosomal recessive form of familial partial lipodystrophy, these observations also suggest that CIDEC is required for unilocular lipid droplet formation and optimal energy storage in human fat.
Stationary distributions of systems with discreteness-induced transitions (2020)

We provide a theoretical analysis of some autocatalytic reaction networks exhibiting the phenomenon of discreteness-induced transitions. The family of networks that we address includes the celebrated Togashi and Kaneko model. We prove positive recurrence, finiteness of all moments and geometric ergodicity of the models in the family. For some parameter values, we find the analytic expression for the stationary distribution and discuss the effect of volume scaling on the stationary behaviour of the chain. We find the exact critical value of the volume for which discreteness-induced transitions disappear.
Silver nanocluster in zeolites. ADSORPTION of ETHYLENE traces for fruit preservation (2019)

Removal of trace amounts of C2H4 from air streams at low temperature is technologically important for fruit preservation in warehouses. For that reason, a systematic quantitative and comparative study of Ag-zeolites for trace ethylene adsorption has been carried out. Combining characterization results with trace ethylene adsorption in a fixed-bed system have allowed to stablish a correlation between Agδ+ species present in the zeolites and trace ethylene adsorption capacity. Among the zeolites studied, silver exchanged zeolites with -CHA (SSZ-13) and -LTA (5A) frameworks exhibited the most stable and highly dispersed silver sites, with an excellent potential for indoor environmental control of trace ethylene at 0 °C.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalysis of Radical Reactions: A Radical Chemistry Perspective (2016)

Abstract Review: [184 refs.
Pull-out strength of screws from polymethylmethacrylate cement (1994)

We aimed to determine the optimal method of inserting a screw into polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement to enhance fixation. We performed six groups of ten axial pull-out tests with two sizes of screw (3.5 and 4.5 mm AO cortical) and three methods of insertion. Screws were placed into 'fluid' PMMA, into 'solid' PMMA by drilling and tapping, or into 'curing' PMMA with quarter-revolution turns every 30 seconds until the PMMA had hardened. After full hardening, we measured the maximum load to failure for each screw-PMMA construct. We found no significant difference in the pull-out strengths between screw sizes or between screws placed in fluid or solid PMMA. Screws placed in curing PMMA were significantly weaker: the relative strengths of solid, fluid and curing groups were 100%, 97% and 71%, respectively. We recommend the use of either solid or fluid insertion according to the circumstances and the preference of the surgeon.
Tunable hydrocarbon adsorption based on a zeolitic imidazolate framework in the sodalite topology (2021)

The structural flexibility of ZIF-7 is controlled via a mixed-linker approach resulting in modified adsorption properties tunable across 2 orders of magnitude of step pressure while maintaining the ZIF-7 structure throughout the compositional range.
Supplementary Tables S9-17 from Functional Kinomics Identifies Candidate Therapeutic Targets in Head and Neck Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Tables S9-17: Table S9. HT RNAi primary validation screen with siRNA pool deconvolution Table S10. Differential analysis of primary validation screen (CTG) N=12 Table S11. Differential analysis of primary validation screen (CTG) N=3 Pooled Table S12. Statistical analysis summary of differential viability (CTG) Table S13. Statistical analysis (absolute viability) of primary validation screen (CTG) Table S14. HT RNAi primary validation screen summary of hits (CTG) Table S15. HT caspase 3/7-dependent apoptosis AUC analysis (Apotox) N=12 Table S16. HT caspase 3/7-dependent apoptosis AUC analysis (Apotox) N=3 pooled Table S17. Statistical analysis summary caspase 3/7 dependent apoptosis (Apotox)&lt;/p&gt;
Synthesis and sensing properties of D5hpentagonal silver star nanoparticles (2016)

In this work, we use silver decahedral nanoparticle (AgDeNP) seeds to synthesize pentagonal silver stars (AgStDeNPs) and study the sensing properties of these nanoparticles. The regrowth process of AgStDeNPs is kinetically-controlled, so the purity of the seed NPs is critical to avoid secondary deposition in the highly non-equilibrium reduction. To control the regrowth process, surface blocking with sodium polyacrylate (PANa) was implemented. PANa moderates rough silver nanostructures typically obtained by reduction with ascorbic acid. To modulate polymer binding to the surface and thus to tune surface blocking, pH served as a key synthetic parameter. Under optimal regrowth conditions, new sliver was deposited on the highest energy sites of the decahedra - the vertices of the rims - to yield pentagonal stars. The universality of this regrowth process was established with several different seed particles. The sharpness and size of the stellated tips are tunable by the amount of added silver. Gold deposition onto AgStDeNPs enables the preparation of diverse structures with enhanced stability. Ease of transformation, e.g. rounding, of star branches opens a promising venue for enhanced SPR sensing. Also, AgStDeNPs enable femtomolar detection of 5,5-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) in SERS.
Design and rationale for novel antifolates. (1987)

The goals of new antifolate development are: 1) improved selectivity, 2) improved penetration into pharmacologic sanctuaries, and 3) effectiveness vs. tumors either with intrinsic or acquired resistance to methotrexate (MTX). The major target for antifolate development has been dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), but other critical folate-dependent enzymes, i.e., thymidylate synthase, methionine synthetase, and folylpolyglutamate synthetase are also important targets for new antifolate development. The possibility that DHFR from tumor tissue differs significantly from normal tissue DHFR now seems improbable, and the ideas of the late Bill Baker to design specific inhibitors of the tumor enzyme vs. the normal tissue DHFR are unlikely to succeed. However, the experience with triazinate (Baker's antifol; TZT) indicates that transport of antifols could be exploited to provide selective toxicity, as well as to provide agents effective vs. MTX-resistant cells. This work led to a second generation of "nonclassical" folate antagonists, of which trimetrexate (JB-11; TMQ) is now in clinical trial. Uptake of TMQ is via an MTX-independent membrane system, and extremely high intracellular levels of this drug are achieved in human leukemia cells.
The electromigration behavior of copper pillars for different current directions and pillar shapes (2015)

A significant asymmetry in electromigration behavior was observed for copper pillars depending on the electron current direction; the electromigration performance is very robust for an electron source at the die-side, but vulnerable to the opposite electron flow direction. Through extensive failure analysis, it was observed that die-side electron source leads to a stable layering of intermetallic compounds and no electromigration-induced voiding, while the substrate-side electron source leads to more extensive transformation into intermetallic compounds at the expense of the copper trace as well as electromigration-induced voiding. These phenomena were exacerbated by narrower trace widths but improved by an oblong pillar shape. Further, the presence of a nickel cap between the solder and pillar did not significantly impact electromigration lifetime.
Outcomes of dual mobility components in total hip arthroplasty (2018)

Dual mobility articulations are a viable alternative to traditional bearing surfaces, with low rates of instability and good overall survivorship in primary and revision THAs, and in those undertaken in patients with a fracture of the femoral neck. The incidence of intraprosthetic dislocation is low and limited mainly to earlier designs. High-quality, prospective, comparative studies are needed to evaluate further the use of dual mobility components in THA. Cite this article: <i>Bone Joint J</i> 2018;100-B:11-19.