gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Macroscopic ordering of helical pores for arraying guest molecules noncentrosymmetrically (2015)

Helical nanostructures have attracted continuous attention, not only as media for chiral recognition and synthesis, but also as motifs for studying intriguing physical phenomena that never occur in centrosymmetric systems. To improve the quality of signals from these phenomena, which is a key issue for their further exploration, the most straightforward is the macroscopic orientation of helices. Here as a versatile scaffold to rationally construct this hardly accessible structure, we report a polymer framework with helical pores that unidirectionally orient over a large area (∼10 cm(2)). The framework, prepared by crosslinking a supramolecular liquid crystal preorganized in a magnetic field, is chemically robust, functionalized with carboxyl groups and capable of incorporating various basic or cationic guest molecules. When a nonlinear optical chromophore is incorporated in the framework, the resultant complex displays a markedly efficient nonlinear optical output, owing to the coherence of signals ensured by the macroscopically oriented helical structure.
ChemInform Abstract: Inhibitory Potency of 5‐Benzyluracil, 5‐Phenylcytosine and 5‐Phenylpyrimidin‐2‐one Nucleosides Against Uridine Phosphorylase from Mouse Leukemic L1210 Cells. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An atomic model for neutral and singly ionized uranium (1979)

A model for the atomic levels above ground state in neutral, U(0), and singly ionized, U(+), uranium is described based on identified atomic transitions. Some 168 states in U(0) and 95 in U(+) are found. A total of 1581 atomic transitions are used to complete this process. Also discussed are the atomic inverse lifetimes and line widths for the radiative transitions as well as the electron collisional cross sections.
Rapid Multi-Spectral Endoscopic Imaging System for Real-Time Mapping of Lung Mucosa’s Blood Supply (2015)

We have developed a rapid multi-spectral endoscopic imaging system for real-time mapping and quantifications of mucosa's blood supply namely total hemoglobin concentration (blood volume) and hemoglobin oxygen saturation (tissue oxygenation index). The system was designed to acquire and analyze 18 optimized spectral bands spanning the 400-760 nm spectral range using six triple-band filters and a standard color CCD camera. Imaging speed of 15 spectral image cubes/second was achieved. Pre-processing algorithm and method is used to calibrate the spectral response of the color CCD camera to perform accurate spectral measurements. Spectral analysis algorithm using linear matrix inversion approach was developed and implemented with graphics processing unit (GPU) programming to produce rapid mapping of the mucosa optical properties. The efficacy and validity of the developed device and method was assessed using in-vivo Endoscopic lung measurements obtained during preliminary clinical trial. The results showed that the device and method can acquire spectral images (~250×250 pixel resolution) and extracts the hemoglobin concentration and the hemoglobin oxygen saturation index maps, in near real-time and with accuracy comparable to that obtained from spectroscopy measurements.
Integrated multistack waveguide polarizer (1998)

Waveguide polarizers based on embedded thin metallic stacks are proposed. Highly efficient TM polarization is obtained for metal thicknesses smaller than the optical skin depth. The optimal single-metal-layer waveguide is found to yield an extinction ratio better than 12.2 dB/mm and a linear loss below 0.075 dB/mm. Experimental confirmation for this structure is also obtained in polymeric waveguides. Polarization efficiencies better than 100 dB/mm with linear losses below 2 dB/mm are calculated for multi-stack waveguides. This high performance is found to hold even if oxidation at metal-core boundaries is considered.
Wound-healing effect of micronized sacchachitin (mSC) nanogel on corneal epithelium (2012)

The extraction residue of the Ganoderma fruiting body, named sacchachitin, has been demonstrated to have the potential to enhance cutaneous wound healing by inducing cell proliferation. In this study, a nanogel formed from micronized sacchachitin (mSC) was investigated for the potential treatment of superficial chemical corneal burns. Reportedly, mSC has been produced successfully and its chemical properties confirmed, and physical and rheological properties characterized. An in vitro cell proliferation study has revealed that at the concentrations of 200, 300, and 400 microg/mL, mSC nanogel significantly increased Statens Seruminstitut rabbit corneal (SIRC) cell proliferation after 24 hours of incubation. In cell migration assay, migration of SIRC cell to wound closure was observed after 24 hours of incubation with the addition of 200 microg/mL mSC of nanogel. In an animal study, acceleration of corneal wound healing was probably due to the inhibition of proteolysis. In conclusion, the findings of this study substantiate the potential application of sacchachitin in the form of mSC nanogel for the treatment of superficial corneal injuries.
2D Spatially Periodic Architectures via the Drying of 1D Holographically Photopatterned Polymer Solutions (2004)

We demonstrate an efficient and versatile method for selectively generating 1D and 2D periodic polymer structures in the submicron to tens of micron range by the directed drying of 1D photopatterned polymer solutions. Ultraviolet (UV) holographic lithography (Xia et al. Chem. Rev. 1999, 99, 1823-1848) is initially used to create 1D periodic cross-link and density variations in the polymer/volatile solvent solutions. These variations act as anisotropic barriers (walls) that direct the subsequent solvent evaporation process. Somewhat akin to directional drying (Allain and Limat Phys. Rev. Lett. 1995, 74, 2981-2984) and directional solidification (Pelc, P. Dynamics of Curved Fronts; Academic Press: San Diego, CA, 1988) experiments, the drying exhibits channel-like interface propagation behavior. The combination of the instabilities and minimization of the interface area during drying can be effectively used to produce larger scale 2D pseudohexagonal polymer-strut structures, or by the addition of a monomeric component to the polymer solution, the instabilities can be suppressed, resulting in the formation of 1D linear gratings.
Strategies for improving the sexual health of young people (2003)

This paper argues for a holistic approach to improving the sexual health of young people, effecting change at cultural, socioeconomic, and service organization levels. Such an approach necessitates close partnership working. The paper draws mainly upon the results of an in-depth case study of the process of developing an integrated approach to sexual health in East Yorkshire, England. Findings indicate that partnership working is severely curtailed by cultural barriers between different stakeholders when operating under their traditional roles, even when all are working towards a common goal. By contrast, when encountered common tasks are new, cultural barriers do not appear to matter and cultural diversity becomes a positive factor. There is a need to re-orientate practices according to a more integrated discourse of sexual health, utilizing in full the contribution each relevant stakeholder can make.
<title>Adaptation of spectroscopic tools from high-throughput screening of combinatorial chemistry libraries to process chemical analysis</title> (2002)

This paper summarizes our recent activities to develop analytical spectroscopic tools for high-throughput screening (HTS) of combinatorial chemistry libraries and the adaptation of the developed techniques to more traditional, i.e., laboratory and manufacturing, scales. It is shown that, for a broad variety of applications, optical spectroscopic detection methods have a suite of attractive features that make them almost ideal HTS tools. Strategies for the development of new high-throughput screening tools are presented, followed by analysis of requirements for development of multivariate data analysis methods for prediction of properties of combinatorial materials, determination of contributing factors to combinatorial-scale chemical reactions using evolving factor analysis and multivariate curve resolution chemometric methods, high- throughput optimization of process parameters, and applicability of the developed HTS tools for in-line monitoring of scaled-up reactions.
Somatic mosaicism underlies X-linked acrogigantism syndrome in sporadic male subjects (2016)

Somatic mosaicism has been implicated as a causative mechanism in a number of genetic and genomic disorders. X-linked acrogigantism (XLAG) syndrome is a recently characterized genomic form of pediatric gigantism due to aggressive pituitary tumors that is caused by submicroscopic chromosome Xq26.3 duplications that include GPR101 We studied XLAG syndrome patients (n= 18) to determine if somatic mosaicism contributed to the genomic pathophysiology. Eighteen subjects with XLAG syndrome caused by Xq26.3 duplications were identified using high-definition array comparative genomic hybridization (HD-aCGH). We noted that males with XLAG had a decreased log2ratio (LR) compared with expected values, suggesting potential mosaicism, whereas females showed no such decrease. Compared with familial male XLAG cases, sporadic males had more marked evidence for mosaicism, with levels of Xq26.3 duplication between 16.1 and 53.8%. These characteristics were replicated using a novel, personalized breakpoint junction-specific quantification droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) technique. Using a separate ddPCR technique, we studied the feasibility of identifying XLAG syndrome cases in a distinct patient population of 64 unrelated subjects with acromegaly/gigantism, and identified one female gigantism patient who had had increased copy number variation (CNV) threshold for GPR101 that was subsequently diagnosed as having XLAG syndrome on HD-aCGH. Employing a combination of HD-aCGH and novel ddPCR approaches, we have demonstrated, for the first time, that XLAG syndrome can be caused by variable degrees of somatic mosaicism for duplications at chromosome Xq26.3. Somatic mosaicism was shown to occur in sporadic males but not in females with XLAG syndrome, although the clinical characteristics of the disease were similarly severe in both sexes.
Amplifiers co-translationally enhance CFTR biosynthesis via PCBP1-mediated regulation of CFTR mRNA (2020)

Small molecule amplifiers co-translationally increase CFTR mRNA stability. They enhance translation through addressing the inherently inefficient membrane targeting of CFTR mRNA. Amplifiers bind directly to PCBP1, show enhanced affinity in the presence of bound RNA, and require a PCBP1 consensus element within CFTR mRNA to elicit translational effects. These modulators represent a promising new and mechanistically novel class of CFTR therapeutic. They may be useful as a monotherapy or in combination with other CFTR modulators.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Systems Analysis of the NCI-60 Cancer Cell Lines by Alignment of Protein Pathway Activation Modules with “-OMIC” Data Fields and Therapeutic Response Signatures (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 160K, Unsupervised hierarchical clustering representing the NCI-60 cell lines (horizontal axis) and the RTKs (vertical axis) analyzed. The NCI-60 sample names have been colorized according to their tissue origin: orange - kidney, blue - lung, pink - breast, red - blood, green - colon, brown - prostate, purple - ovary, black - skin and gray - central nervous system.&lt;/p&gt;
Relative Effectiveness of Alternative Androgen Withdrawal Therapies in Initiating Regression of Rat Prostate (1988)

From a large number of potentially effective androgen withdrawal regimens including bilateral orchiectomy, estrogens, antiandrogens and LHRH agonists alone or in combinations, we compared the ability of 12 different treatment options to mimic the acute results of surgical castration on the rat prostate. Agents were administered s.c. in clinical doses to groups of male rats daily for three days. On day 4 the prostatic tissue was removed and analyzed by conventional methods for whole-tissue and nuclear concentrations of dihydrotestosterone, nuclear androgen receptor and cytoplasmic androgen receptor. Castration-like changes were most pronounced with the synergistic combinations of cyproterone acetate + low-dose diethylstilbestrol, and megestrol acetate + low-dose diethylstilbestrol. Comparing the effectiveness of single agents, low-dose diethylstilbestrol was superior to cyproterone acetate, megestrol acetate, flutamide, leuprolide and RU23908. Leuprolide combined with flutamide was superior to leuprolide + cyproterone acetate, leuprolide + cyproterone acetate + low-dose diethylstilbestrol or leuprolide + RU23908 after three days of administration; however, this advantage disappeared when the treatments were extended to seven days. The observations indicate that the most potent androgen withdrawal therapies such as cyproterone acetate + low-dose diethylstilbestrol and megestrol acetate + low-dose diethylstilbestrol at best approximate but do not surpass the early effects of surgical castration. During the same time course, other regimens are characterized by a slower onset of action and a lesser degree of suppression of androgenic mechanisms within the cell.
Focus on education in biophysics (2008)

During its publication history, Biopolymers has emphasized that the study of macromolecules is truly a multidisciplinary endeavor, bridging chemistry, biology, physics, and mathematics. In recent years, biophysics and biophysical chemistry have expanded, bringing in the tools and concepts from an ever-growing list of related fields and subfields. Although this growth continues to invigorate and drive the science, it has also generated a unique set of challenges for educators at both the graduate and undergraduate levels. This issue of Biopolymers presents the first four in a series of articles from leading graduate programs addressing current challenges and approaches in the training of the next generation of biophysicists. In this first collection of articles, the biophysics training programs at Northwestern University, Osaka University, the University of Michigan, and the University of Texas – Southwestern Medical School are featured. The authors present their views on how to approach some of the general issues that many training programs grapple with: How do you stimulate interest in multiple areas of science without overwhelming students? Which undergraduate science(s) should serve as the foundation for more in-depth studies in a graduate program? What should constitute a core curriculum for training inbiophysics and/or biophysical chemistry? Should we start teaching students interested in biophysicswhen they are undergraduates or wait until graduate school? How should we take students with diverse scientific training and help them appreciate both the physical science and the biology of cellular processes? To complement these articles focusing on education programs in the field of biophysical science, Biopolymers also will periodically publish in-depth, high-level reviews on core topics in biophysics. In the first of the articles, Jan M. Antosiewicz discusses protonation free energy levels in complex molecular systems. We hope that both series of articles will serve as a stimulus for further discussion and exchange of ideas. As always, we welcome your feedback and ideas. Gary D. Glick Editor-in-Chief, Biopolymers
2016 in Review and Message from the Editors to our Reviewers (2017)

For this Helix, the editors of Neurology ® Genetics have chosen some of their favorite articles of the past year. It is an eclectic collection drawing on different journals including Neurology: Genetics and varied topics.
Migration of a Fixed Bridge Partial Denture to the Bronchus (2007)

開心術後, 冠橋義歯脱落による気管内異物症例を経験した. 異物は内視鏡下にバスケット鉗子を用いて除去した. 手術によるストレスや覚醒過程の繰り返しが歯軋りの原因となり脱落に至った可能性がある. 抜管前に口腔内異物の有無を確認することは重要である. また, 抜管後に咳嗽を伴う急激な呼吸状態の悪化がみられた場合, 気管内異物の存在を要因として念頭におく必要がある. とりわけ長期挿管患者では, 歯軋りの反復でバイトブロックに接触する歯や補綴物が気管内異物となる危険性がある.
Exploring Hybrid: A (hybrid) SIG to discuss hybrid conferences (2022)

In this special interest group (SIG), we follow up on previous conversations around hybrid models for conferences, conducted in open sessions by the ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction (SIGCHI) Executive Committee (EC). The COVID-19 pandemic led to a sudden shift to virtual conferences; as we start to go back to in-person events, it is important to reflect on the types of events we desire, and design these accordingly. With this SIG, we hope to share experiences from previous conferences (successful or not) and discuss potential solutions to pending issues. This SIG will be led by VP at Large Adriana S. Vivacqua, with the participation of other EC members.
Distance Surface for Event-Based Optical Flow (2020)

We propose DistSurf-OF, a novel optical flow method for neuromorphic cameras. Neuromorphic cameras (or event detection cameras) are an emerging sensor modality that makes use of dynamic vision sensors (DVS) to report asynchronously the log-intensity changes (called "events") exceeding a predefined threshold at each pixel. In absence of the intensity value at each pixel location, we introduce a notion of "distance surface"---the distance transform computed from the detected events---as a proxy for object texture. The distance surface is then used as an input to the intensity-based optical flow methods to recover the two dimensional pixel motion. Real sensor experiments verify that the proposed DistSurf-OF accurately estimates the angle and speed of each events.
Study on Optimized Combination of Complex Functional Bacteria in Compost (2010)

Four strains of thermo-stable inorganic phosphorus-solubilizing microorganisms ( X1,X2,X3,X4 ) and two strains of cellulose-degrading microorganisms ( X5 ,X6 ),screened and domesticated in previous experiments,were selected and mixed at different ratios according to uniform experimental design methods,and then cultured in fermentation broth to enhance the conversion efficiency of insoluble phosphorus and degrading rate of composting materials during the compost process. The ratio of each microorganism in the complex bacteria was optimized by analysis of the indexes of solubilizing insoluble phosphorus capabilities using uniform Design Software and Data Processing System (DPS). The results indicated that the optimum ratio of the complex bacteria was: φ(X1) = 13. 66% ,φ( X2 ) = 11. 36% ,φ( X3 ) = 11. 41% ,φ( X4 ) = 13. 61% ,φ( X5 ) = 10. 62% ,and φ( X6 ) = 39. 34% . The phosphorus-solubilizing capability of the optimized complex bacteria was investigated,and the measured total mean value of solubilized-phosphorus was 230. 12 mg /L,which was in accordance with the theoretical value of 228. 75 mg /L by regression. The complex bacteria combination was also inoculated into cellulose fermentation broth,and the CMCase activity attained as high as 39. 76 U after 168 hours’culture.
Measurement of the charge asymmetry in top-quark pair production in the lepton-plus-jets final state in pp collision data at $$\sqrt{s}=8\,\mathrm TeV{}$$ s = 8 T e V with the ATLAS detector (2016)

This paper reports inclusive and differential measurements of the [Formula: see text] charge asymmetry [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text][Formula: see text] collisions recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Three differential measurements are performed as a function of the invariant mass, transverse momentum and longitudinal boost of the [Formula: see text] system. The [Formula: see text] pairs are selected in the single-lepton channels (<i>e</i> or [Formula: see text]) with at least four jets, and a likelihood fit is used to reconstruct the [Formula: see text] event kinematics. A Bayesian unfolding procedure is performed to infer the asymmetry at parton level from the observed data distribution. The inclusive [Formula: see text] charge asymmetry is measured to be [Formula: see text] (stat. [Formula: see text] syst.). The inclusive and differential measurements are compatible with the values predicted by the Standard Model.
Current-collapse-free operations up to 850 V by GaN-GIT utilizing hole injection from drain (2015)

Current collapse at high drain voltage in a GaN-based transistor is successfully suppressed by the introduction of p-GaN region which is placed beside the drain of a Gate Injection Transistor (GIT). The additional p-GaN region enables hole injection which effectively releases trapped electrons at around drain region after the application of high drain voltages. The p-GaN region is electrically connected to the drain electrode so that this is named as Hybrid Drain-embedded GIT (HD-GIT). The fabricated HD-GITs are free from current collapse at 850 V of the drain voltage or over, which significantly helps to achieve stable system operations and is very promising for future switching power supply applications.
Selection of diagnostic features on breast MRI to differentiate between malignant and benign lesions using computer-aided diagnosis: differences in lesions presenting as mass and non-mass-like enhancement (2009)

The results suggest that the quantitative diagnostic features can be used for developing automated breast CAD (computer-aided diagnosis) for mass lesions to achieve a high diagnostic performance, but more advanced algorithms are needed for diagnosis of lesions presenting as non-mass-like enhancement.
Demonstration of Autonomous Nested Search for Local Maxima Using an Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (2020)

Ocean Worlds represent one of the best chances for extra-terrestrial life in our solar system. A new mission concept must be developed to explore these oceans. This mission would require traversing the 10s of km thick icy shell and releasing a submersible into the ocean below. During the transit of the icy shell and the exploration of the ocean, the vehicle(s) would be out of contact with Earth for weeks or potentially months at a time. During this time the vehicle must have sufficient autonomy to locate and study scientific targets of interest. One such target of interest is hydrothermal venting. We have previously developed an autonomous nested search method to locate and investigate sources of hydrothermal venting by locating local maxima in hydrothermal vent emissions. In this work we demonstrate this approach on board an OceanServer Iver2 AUV in Chesapeake Bay, MD using simulated sensor data from a hydrothermal plume model. This represents the first step towards the deployment of this approach in conditions analogous to those that we might expect on an Ocean World.