gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Flow Cytometry Method to Quantitate Internalized Immunotoxins Shows that Taxol Synergistically Increases Cellular Immunotoxins Uptake (2010)

Tumor microenvironments present significant barriers to penetration by antibodies, immunoconjugates, and other immunotoxins. In this report, we illustrate a novel strategy to increase tumor cell uptake of immunotoxin by combination with Taxol. SS1P is an immunotoxin composed of the Fv portion of a mesothelin-specific antibody fused to a bacterial toxin that is presently undergoing phase II testing in mesothelioma. Using novel flow cytometry and gel filtration methods, we quantified SS1P uptake in individual tumor cells along with levels of shed mesothelin (sMSLN), a barrier of SS1P therapy. The validity of our flow cytometric method was confirmed by the ability to similarly quantitate tumor cell uptake of Herceptin and an immunotoxin targeting HER2/neu. SS1P uptake peaked several hours after SS1P was cleared from the blood, reflecting an intratumor distribution process of SS1P that is independent of blood supply. Using the methods developed, we demonstrated that Taxol could improve SS1P penetration into tumors in parallel with an associated reduction of sMSLN in tumor extracellular fluid. Our findings offer a mechanistic rationale to combine SS1P with Taxol or another cytotoxic drug as a strategy to increase immunotoxin uptake by tumor cells. Further, we suggest one basis to understand why chemotherapy and antibody-based therapies cooperate when combined in cancer treatment.
Wafer-shape based in-plane distortion predictions using Superfast 4G metrology (2017)

With the latest immersion scanners performing at the sub-2 nm overlay level, the non-lithography contributors to the OnProduct-Overlay budget become more and more dominant. Examples of these contributors are etching, thin film deposition, Chemical-Mechanical Planarization and thermal anneal. These processes can introduce stress or stress changes in the thin films on top of the silicon wafers, resulting in significant wafer grid distortions. High-order wafer alignment (HOWA) is the current ASML solution for correcting wafers with a high order grid distortion introduced by non-lithographic processes, especially when these distortions vary from wafer-to-wafer. These models are currently successfully applied in high volume production at several semiconductor device manufacturers. An important precondition is that the wafer distortions remain global as the polynomial-based HOWA models become less effective for very local distortions. Wafer-shape based feed forward overlay corrections can be a possible solution to overcome this challenge. Thin film stress typically has an impact on the unclamped, free-form shape of the wafers. When an accurate relationship between the wafer shape and in-plane distortion (IPD) after clamping is established then feedforward overlay control can be enabled. In this work we assess the capability of wafer-shape based IPD predictions via a controlled experiment. The processinduced IPDs are accurately measured on the ASML TWINSCANTM system using its SMASH alignment system and the wafer shapes are measured on the Superfast 4G inspection system. In order to relate the wafer shape to the IPD we have developed a prediction model beyond the standard Stoney approximation. The match between the predicted and measured IPD is excellent (~1-nm), indicating the feasibility of using wafer shape for feed-forward overlay control.
GaAs on Si heterostructures obtained by He and/or H implantation and direct wafer bonding (2003)

Transfer of GaAs layers onto Si by helium and/or hydrogen implantation and wafer bonding was investigated. The optimum conditions for achieving blistering/splitting only after postimplantation annealing were experimentally obtained. It was found that specific implantation conditions induce large area exfoliation instead of blistering after annealing of unbonded GaAs. This effect is related to a narrow size and/or a depth distribution of the platelets in as-implanted GaAs and their evolution with annealing. The influence of substrate orientation in blistering/splitting of GaAs was also investigated. Thin GaAs layers were transferred onto silicon by a combination of He and/or H implantation, wafer bonding and low temperature annealing.
Regulated GDNF Delivery in Vivo Using Neural Stem Cells (2004)

Abstract : The major aim of this proposal was to establish lines of neural stem cells secreting GDNF under a regulatable promoter system which may be used for future transplant therapies for PD. The tasks of the first year have been met. We have changed from using rodent and monkey stem cells to using human stem cells (hNSC) due to better growth and infection profiles for human cells. We have shown that hNSC can be infected with lenti-GDNF. GDNF released from the cells is functional on dopamine neurons and can be switched on and off by doxycycline. We have enhanced infection rates such that over 85% of cells express GDNF. We have selected high expressing lines and shown that they can be expanded in culture for over 20 weeks without losing the ability to produce GDNF in a regulated fashion. We have performed 6-OHDA lesions in rats to induce PD and shown loss of TH expression, survival of hNSC transplanted into these animals and expression of GDNF for up to 8 weeks (this is ahead of our predicted time frame) but are currently starting in vivo regulation studies. PET analysis has shown that the lesion can be detected with imaging and we are currently optimizing this protocol for use in the more detailed studies next year. Our pilot monkey work has been delayed due to problems growing the monkey stem cells. However, we have now scheduled the first surgery using hNSC for May 2004.
Some results for the two-dimensional Ising model with competing interactions (1979)

The applicability of the n-replica method to an Ising system with positive and negative bonds of equal strength is investigated. It is shown that this method does reproduce the correct low-temperature and low-(negative bond) concentration series for the ground-state energy. It is essential, however, to take the low-temperature limit after the n to 0 limit. For a square lattice, the slope of the critical line near the pure-system transition point is found to be 2 square root 2/ln( square root 2+1). The onset of spin-glass order is conjectured to be associated with a negative bond concentration at which unfrustrated plaquettes no longer percolate the lattice. The estimated value of 16% is in agreement with Monte Carlo results.
Pyridine Nucleotides in the Thyroid (1963)

A previous report has described the effect of thyroid-stimulating hormone on oxidized and reduced diphospho-and triphosphopyridine nucleotide in thyroid slices (1).In those studies, a fluorometric assay was used and the amounts of TPN, TPNH, and DPNH detected were at the lower limits of the sensitivity of the method (2).This was due to fluorescent material in the tissue blanks.New and more sensitive methods of measuring TPN and TPNH have been devised.TPN is measured in the presence of 6-phosphogluconic dehydrogenase by Reaction I and TPNH in the presence of 6-phosphogluconic dehydrogenase and glutathione reductase by coupling of Reactions II and I.The C"Oz evolved was collected, and its radioactivity was proportional to the TPN or TPNH concentration.TPKH 6-Phosphogluconate-1-C" TPNJt + ribulose-5-phosphate + C"Ot (I) 2 TP?i * Lactating animal at 18 days.
Surface microfabrication of silica glass by LIBWE using DPSS-UV laser (2005)

Surface micro-structuring of silica glass plates was performed by using laser-induced backside wet etching (LIBWE) upon irradiation with a single-mode laser beam from a diode-pumped solid state UV laser at 266 nm. We have succeeded in a well-defined micro-pattern formation without debris and microcrack formations around the etched area on the basis of Galvanometer-based point scanning system with the laser beam. This method is suitable for rapid prototyping and rapid manufacturing of surface microstructuing of silica glass in a convetional atmospheric environment.
1.2.4 - First-order sapphire fiber Bragg gratings for high temperature sensing (2016)

Sapphire fiber Bragg gratings (SFBG) are presented as a new kind of high temperature sensor that is not sensitive to electromagnetic fields and can be operated in air as well as inert atmosphere. For inscription of first order gratings femtosecond laser pulses with a wavelength of 400 nm are applied. Multiplexing of several gratings within one single crystal fiber is demonstrated. The gratings were tested for short term up to 1,900C and for a period of 28 days at 1,400C. An adapted signal processing of the reflexion spectra of the highly multimode air clad sapphire fibers with a diameter of 100m allows detecting relative temperature changes better than 1K. Tubes can protect the air clad sapphire fiber from reactions with the environment. Applying a bare fiber allows to detect temperature changes with several Hz speed. Strain sensor designs and strain measurements based on SFBG for applications up to 600C were tested, too. The sensitivity of multimode SFBG strain sensors is l / l = 10 -5 (10strain). Overall, fiber Bragg grating inside Sapphire fibers provide a new base for precise high-temperature sensors with key advantages such as signal multiplexing, large temperature bandwidth and insensitivity to electromagnetic fields.
Multi-port CAM based VLSI architecture for Huffman coding with real-time optimized code word table (2005)

This paper presents a multi-port CAM based VLSI architecture for Huffman coding with real-time optimized code word table as a novel architecture for high-speed parallel Huffman coding. The multi-port CAM technology exploited is the FMCAM (flexible multi-port content addressable memory) architecture (Kumaki et al., 2004), which enables fast parallel Huffman encoding. At the same time, the code word table is reconstructed according to the frequency of received input symbols and is up-dated in real-time. Since two the functions work in parallel, the proposed architecture realizes fast parallel encoding and keeps a constantly high compression ratio. The simulation results for the JPEG application show that the proposed architecture can achieve up to 20% smaller encoded picture sizes, and four times reduced clock cycle numbers for the encoding hardware (8 port case) in comparison to conventional fast Huffman coding architectures.
A “Clickable” MTX Reagent as a Practical Tool for Profiling Small‐Molecule–Intracellular Target Interactions via MASPIT (2013)

We present a scalable synthesis of a versatile MTX reagent with an azide ligation handle that allows rapid γ-selective conjugation to yield MTX fusion compounds (MFCs) appropriate for MASPIT, a three-hybrid system that enables the identification of mammalian cytosolic proteins that interact with a small molecule of interest. We selected three structurally diverse pharmacologically active compounds (tamoxifen, reversine, and FK506) as model baits. After acetylene functionalization of these baits, MFCs were synthesized via a CuAAC reaction, demonstrating the general applicability of the MTX reagent. In analytical mode, MASPIT was able to give concentration-dependent reporter signals for the established target proteins. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the sensitivity obtained with the new MTX reagent was significantly stronger than that of a previously used non-regiomeric conjugate mixture. Finally, the FK506 MFC was explored in a cellular array screen for targets of FK506. Out of a pilot collection of nearly 2000 full-length human ORF preys, FKBP12, the established target of FK506, emerged as the prey protein that gave the highest increase in luciferase activity. This indicates that our newly developed synthetic strategy for the straightforward generation of MFCs is a promising asset to uncover new intracellular targets using MASPIT cellular array screening.
Hot carrier (HC) and bias-temperature-instability (BTI) degradation of MuGFETs on silicon oxide and silicon nitride buried layers (2009)

The results are reported of an experimental study of the hot carrier (HC) and bias-temperature-instability (BTI) reliability of MuGFETS, fabricated on SOI wafers with silicon oxide and silicon nitride buried layers. N- and P-channel devices of 65 nm long and 42 nm or 32 nm wide channels were stressed and measured at room temperature and at 125degC. A complicated picture emerges: HC degradation is dominant in n-MuGFETs whereas both HC and BTI mechanisms are active concurrently in p-MuGFETs under hot carrier stress. When HC degradation dominates, the wider fin devices tend to degrade more than the narrower; the reverse is generally true for BTI degradation.
Clinical Effects of Stabilized Stannous Fluoride Dentifrice in Reducing Plaque Microbial Virulence I: Microbiological and Receptor Cell Findings. (2017)

Collectively, these results support the potential for stabilized SnF2 dentifrice to provide clinical gingivitis benefits via mechanisms beyond control of plaque mass, potentially directly decreasing the pathogenicity of plaque biofilms by blocking reactivity of LPS and LTA ligands with tissue receptors associated with inflammation. Importantly, benefits could be seen in both diseased sites, as well as sites not yet exhibiting symptoms of inflammation, supporting the activity of SnF2 not just in treating diseased sites, but in preventing disease development. These learnings may influence treatment planning for patients susceptible to gingivitis.
Needle hydrophone transfer function model for characterizing therapeutic transducers (2018)

A rigid piston model has been developed to predict needle hydrophone transfer functions. The model predicts that “effective” sensitive element diameter depends on the frequency and can exceed geometrical sensitive element diameter by a factor of up to 2.25. The model predicts harmonic distortion for hydrophone measurements of focused pressure waves, which were modeled using nonlinear plane wave theory for spectral characteristics and Gaussian radial pressure distributions. The pressure wave model was validated by comparing to hydrophone (sensitive element diameter: 85 microns) measurements performed in focal planes of source transducers (3.5 MHz, 64 mm diameter, 89 mm focus and 5 MHz, 19 mm diameter, 38 mm focus). Root mean squared difference (RMSD) between the model fit and measured relative strengths of the first four harmonics was 9% (3.5 MHz transducer) and 11% (5 MHz transducer) where Blackstock’s sigma parameter (JASA, 39, 1019–1026, 1966), which measures extent of nonlinearity, was optimized to fit the data. RMSD between model and measured half width half maxima was 10 ± 5%. Tone bursts from each transducer were measured using needle hydrophones (sensitive element diameters: 200, 400, 600, and 1000 microns). RMSD between model and measured harmonic distortion was 12 ± 4% for the first four harmonics.
Design and FPGA implementation of iterative decoders for codes on graphs (2009)

This work presents a field programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation of the min-sum iterative decoding algorithm for the (8,4) extended Hamming code using a reconfigurable computing system. The Mitrion-C high level language (HLL) is used to program the FPGAs, since it provides flexible tools for FPGA-based prototyping and functional verification for hardware design. A hardware-efficient implementation of the min-step in the min-sum decoder, which eliminates the use of floating point multipliers, is also presented. The parallelism offered by the min-sum algorithm is exploited in hardware, resulting in a 15 fold speedup over optimized software implementations. The performance of the hardware implementation is virtually the same as that predicted by computer simulations, validating the hardware design.
Analysis of biological and genetic stability of tick-borne encephalitis strain 205 used in the production of tick-borne encephalitis vaccines EnceVir and EnceVir Neo for children (2018)

The article presents the results of a long-term study of biological and genetic stability of tick-borne encephalitis strain 205 which is used by the FSUE «SPA «Microgen» to produce tick-borne encephalitis vaccines EnceVir (for adults) and EnceVir Neo for children, both of which are tissue cultured, inactivated, purified, and sorbed. The biological stability of strain 205 was studied at the seed lot stage using passages on outbred white mice: initial production strain 205 and production «stock strain». Lyophilisates of production seed lots were studied at different storage intervals at -20 °С (up to 9 years of storage and more). Biological activity parameters (tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) titre in log LD50/ml) were studied by using different ways of infecting outbred white mice, and strain 205 identification (specificity) was determined by comparing it to a reference strain in a biological neutralization assay (BNA) according to the manufacturer’s specifications for the vaccines concerned. The same materials and a batch of TBEV vaccine produced from the production «stock strain» (lyophilisate of 1986) were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing for genetic stability during passaging and long-term storage. The results of the study made it possible to demonstrate the biological and genetic stability of strain 205 during production of TBEV vaccines.
Nanoparticle architecture preserves magnetic properties during coating to enable robust multi-modal functionality (2018)

Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONs) have established a niche as a nanomedicine platform for diagnosis and therapy, but they present a challenging surface for ligand functionalization which limits their applications. On the other hand, coating MIONs with another material such as gold to enhance these attachments introduces other complications. Incomplete coating may expose portions of the iron oxide core, or the coating process may alter their magnetic properties. We describe synthesis and characterization of iron oxide/silica/gold core-shell nanoparticles to elucidate the effects of a silica-gold coating process and its impact on the resulting performance. In particular, small angle neutron scattering reveals silica intercalates between iron oxide crystallites that form the dense core, likely preserving the magnetic properties while enabling formation of a continuous gold shell. The synthesized silica-gold-coated MIONs demonstrate magnetic heating properties consistent with the original iron oxide core, with added x-ray contrast for imaging and laser heating.
Modulation of Nonneutralizing HIV-1 gp41 Responses by an MHC-Restricted TH Epitope Overlapping Those of Membrane Proximal External Region Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies (2014)

A goal of HIV-1 vaccine development is to elicit broadly neutralizing Abs (BnAbs), but current immunization strategies fail to induce BnAbs, and for unknown reasons, often induce nonneutralizing Abs instead. To explore potential host genetic contributions controlling Ab responses to the HIV-1 Envelope, we have used congenic strains to identify a critical role for MHC class II restriction in modulating Ab responses to the membrane proximal external region (MPER) of gp41, a key vaccine target. Immunized H-2(d)-congenic strains had more rapid, sustained, and elevated MPER(+) Ab titers than those bearing other haplotypes, regardless of immunogen, adjuvant, or prime or boost regimen used, including formulations designed to provide T cell help. H-2(d)-restricted MPER(+) serum Ab responses depended on CD4 TH interactions with class II (as revealed in immunized intra-H-2(d/b) congenic or CD154(-/-) H-2(d) strains, and by selective abrogation of MPER restimulated, H-2(d)-restricted primed splenocytes by class II-blocking Abs), and failed to neutralize HIV-1 in the TZM-b/l neutralization assay, coinciding with lack of specificity for an aspartate residue in the neutralization core of BnAb 2F5. Unexpectedly, H-2(d)-restricted MPER(+) responses functionally mapped to a core TH epitope partially overlapping the 2F5/z13/4E10 BnAb epitopes as well as nonneutralizing B cell-Ab binding residues. We propose that class II restriction contributes to the general heterogeneity of nonneutralizing gp41 responses induced by Envelope. Moreover, the proximity of TH and B cell epitopes in this restriction may have to be considered in redesigning minimal MPER immunogens aimed at exclusively binding BnAb epitopes and triggering MPER(+) BnAbs.
4,7-Dimethoxy-1,10-phenanthroline:  An Excellent Ligand for the Cu-Catalyzed N-Arylation of Imidazoles (2006)

[reaction: see text] 4,7-Dimethoxy-1,10-phenanthroline (L) was found to be an efficient ligand for the copper-catalyzed N-arylation of imidazole with aryl iodides and bromides under mild conditions. A variety of hindered and functionalized imidazoles and aryl halides were transformed in good to excellent yields.
Publisher Correction: Determination of total and unbound docetaxel in plasma by ultrafiltration and UPLC-MS/MS: application to pharmacokinetic studies (2018)

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML version of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
60 GHz mmWave Metasurface Superstrate for Gain and Bandwidth Improvement (2022)

A multi-layer structure designed for the 60 GHz mm-wave frequency band is presented. The design consists of an antenna element on the substrate and a split ring resonator (SRR) metasurface on the superstrate. With the addition of the metasurface superstrate layer, an improved performance of the antenna in terms of gain and bandwidth is achieved. These enhancements are based on the negative index metamaterial (NIM) properties of the designed metasurface sheet. In this proposed design the bandwidth is improved from 3 GHz to 4.5 GHz, while the gain of the antenna is increased from 7.87 dBi to 13.87 dBi at 60 GHz.
Highly Nonlinear and Wide-Band mmWave Active Array OTA Linearization Using Neural Network (2021)

This paper proposes a neural network (NN) based over-the-air (OTA) linearization technique for a highly nonlinear and wide-band mmWave active phased array (APA) transmitter and compares it with the conventional memory polynomial model (MPM)basedtechnique.TheproposedNNeffectivelylearnsthedistinctivenonlineardistortions,which may not easily ﬁt to existing MPM solutions, and can therefore successfully cope with the challenges introduced by the high nonlinearity and wide bandwidth. The proposed technique has been evaluated using a state-of-the-art 4x4 APA operating in highly nonlinear regions at 28 GHz with a 100 MHz wide 3GPP base-station signal as input. Experimental results show the predistortion signal generated by the NN exhibits peak to average power ratio (PAPR) much lower than the one generated by MPM and consequently superior linearization performance in terms of adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) and error vector magnitude (EVM) for high nonlinearity cases. Using the proposed NN based linearization technique, an improvement of 5 dB ACLR and 7 % points in EVM are achieved, which demonstrates the promising potential of this technique for emerging broadband communication systems such as 5G/6G and low earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks.<br/>