gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proppant Transport? Viscosity Is Not All It's Cracked Up To Be (2015)

Abstract Post-treatment production analyses for hydraulic fracturing treatments with conventional crosslinked gel often indicate that the treatments do not achieve the designed stimulation effectiveness, which could be attributed to non-optimal proppant placement and/or significantly damaged fracture conductivity. Although conventional crosslinked fluids are observed to provide good proppant suspension in laboratory environments, they might not provide the desired proppant transport under downhole conditions. Crosslinked fluids are known to be difficult to clean up, and thus are notorious for imparting gel damage to proppant pack and formation. Surfactant gels have been developed to mitigate some of the issues. Viscosity measurements are used as the main tool to judge and optimize the performance of both polymer and surfactant based fracture fluids, especially their ability to transport proppant. While efficient proppant transport is essential for successful hydraulic fracturing, recent laboratory work has shown that viscosity alone may not accurately assess proppant transport. The objective of the paper is to investigate and determine the minimum rheological properties required for efficient proppant transport. Thus, combinations of rotational and oscillatory measurements were conducted to better predict the proppant transport characteristics. Also, proppant settling tests were conducted at static and dynamic conditions. A strong correlation was established between fluid's elasticity and its ability to suspend the proppant with a required minimum elastic modulus (G') value to be greater than viscous modulus (G”). Experimental results show that for two fluids that both have a close viscosity value (similar power law parameters); one fluid with G'&amp;gt;G” while the other one G'&amp;lt; G”, the fluid that has G'&amp;gt;G” behaves as semi-solid material where it deforms instead of flowing when shear stress is applied, while the fluid that has G”&amp;gt;G', flows when shear stress is applied and time to flow depends on viscosity. A proppant particle in a fluid undergoes shear stress due to its density. Therefore, for the fluid G”&amp;gt;G', proppant settles as the fluid moves around it and the speed of settling depends on fluid viscosity, whereas for the elastic fluid (G'&amp;gt;G”), fluid elasticity does not allow the proppant to settle. This observation was confirmed for both polymer and surfactant based fracturing fluids. Additives can be divided into categories that may enhance or reduce fluid elasticity based on their effect on the internal structure of the fluids. For example, breakers tend to significantly reduce the fluid elasticity, even when viscosity reduction is minimized. Data obtained from this study can be used as a guideline to optimize and select the fluid that has ability to carry proppant for field treatment design.
Amino Acid Catalyzed Direct Enantioselective Formation of Carbohydrates: One‐Step de Novo Synthesis of Ketoses. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Molecularly Designed Stabilized Asymmetric Hollow Fiber Membranes for Aggressive Natural Gas Separation (2016)

Abstract New rigid polyimides with bulky CF 3 groups were synthesized and engineered into high‐performance hollow fiber membranes. The enhanced rotational barrier provided by properly positioned CF 3 side groups prohibited fiber transition layer collapse during cross‐linking, thereby greatly improving CO 2 /CH 4 separation performance compared to conventional materials for aggressive natural gas feeds.
Degradation of a Thin Polymer Film Studied by Simultaneous in Situ Atomic Force Microscopy and Surface Plasmon Resonance Analysis (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDegradation of a Thin Polymer Film Studied by Simultaneous in Situ Atomic Force Microscopy and Surface Plasmon Resonance AnalysisX. Chen, K. M. Shakesheff, M. C. Davies, J. Heller, C. J. Roberts, S. J. B. Tendler, and P. M. WilliamsCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 29, 11537–11542Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100029a036https://doi.org/10.1021/j100029a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views381Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Experimental Demonstration of 24-Dimensional Extended Golay Coded Modulation with LDPC (2014)

We experimentally demonstrate ultra-long haul transmission of 24-D extended Golay coded modulation with LDPC. Compared with LDPC coded DP-BPSK, an increase of 15% in reach was shown, with a 3 dB increase in launch power margin at a transmission distance of more than 16,000 km.
Supplementary Figures 1-3 from An Organometallic Protein Kinase Inhibitor Pharmacologically Activates p53 and Induces Apoptosis in Human Melanoma Cells (2023)

Supplementary Figures 1-3 from An Organometallic Protein Kinase Inhibitor Pharmacologically Activates p53 and Induces Apoptosis in Human Melanoma Cells
A Robust Approach to Carrier Sense for MIMO Ad Hoc Networks (2009)

This paper proposes a method to improve the robustness of the carrier sense system for opportunistic MAC (OMAC). This carrier sense method is specific for MIMO and the new version here illustrated is robust to noise and interference. Network simulations prove that this modified MIMO carrier sense correctly estimates whether a new communication would harm other ongoing transmissions for a wide range of system parameters.
The First Practical Synthesis of (S)-Pyrethrolone, an Alcohol Moiety of Natural Pyrethrins I and II (1993)

Journal Article The First Practical Synthesis of (S)-Pyrethrolone, an Alcohol Moiety of Natural Pyrethrins I and II Get access Noritada Matsuo, Noritada Matsuo Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Takarazuka Research Center, 4–2–1 Takatsukasa, Takarazuka, Hyogo 665, Japan To whom correspondence should be addressed. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Tohei Takagaki, Tohei Takagaki Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Takarazuka Research Center, 4–2–1 Takatsukasa, Takarazuka, Hyogo 665, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Keisuke Watanabe, Keisuke Watanabe Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Takarazuka Research Center, 4–2–1 Takatsukasa, Takarazuka, Hyogo 665, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Nobuo Ohno Nobuo Ohno Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Takarazuka Research Center, 4–2–1 Takatsukasa, Takarazuka, Hyogo 665, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, Volume 57, Issue 4, 1 January 1993, Pages 693–694, https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.57.693 Published: 01 January 1993 Article history Received: 14 December 1992 Published: 01 January 1993
Data from Cotargeting MAPK and PI3K Signaling with Concurrent Radiotherapy as a Strategy for the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;There is an urgent need for the development of novel therapies to treat pancreatic cancer, which is among the most lethal of all cancers. KRAS-activating mutations, which are found in more than 90% of pancreatic adenocarcinomas, drive tumor dependency on the Ras/MAPK and Akt signaling pathways. Radiation is currently being explored as a component of the standard treatment regimen for pancreatic cancer. This study's purpose was to test the hypothesis that MAP kinase kinase (MEK or MAP2K) inhibitors will offer clear therapeutic benefit when integrated into radiotherapy treatment regimens for treatment of this disease. We explored the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Akt pathways in response to radiation in multiple pancreatic tumor cell lines. Small molecule inhibitors of MEK (PD0325901) and Akt (API-2) were subsequently evaluated for their radiosensitizing potential alone and in combination. &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt; efficacy was tested in subcutaneous MIA-PaCa2 xenografts. Phosphorylated levels of extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK)-1/2 and Akt were found to increase in response to radiation treatment in our pancreatic tumor cell line panel. MEK inhibitor–induced radiosensitization was observed &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. The further addition of an Akt inhibitor to the MEK inhibitor/radiation regimen resulted in enhanced therapeutic gain as determined by increased radiosensitization and tumor cell death. In conclusion, MEK inhibition results in growth arrest, apoptosis, and radiosensitization of multiple preclinical pancreatic tumor models, and the effects can be enhanced by combination with an Akt inhibitor. These results provide rationale for further testing of a treatment regimen in pancreatic cancer that combines MEK inhibition with radiation, optimally in conjunction with Akt inhibition. &lt;i&gt;Mol Cancer Ther; 11(5); 1193–202. ©2012 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐((2‐Pyridylmethyl)sulfinyl)‐1H‐thieno(3,4‐d)imidazoles. A Novel Class of Gastric H+/K+‐ATPase Inhibitors. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An Efficient Method for the Preparation of Chiral Synthons Starting from Racemic Compounds by Way of Asymmetric Synthesis (1992)

Abstract Optically active α-alkoxy-α-methyl-β-hydroxy ester derivatives are prepared starting from racemic α-alkoxy propionic acid ester derivatives by way of asymmetric aldol reaction of the corresponding achiral intermediates. (−)-2-C-Methyl-D-threono-1,4-lactone is conveniently synthesized by using this methodology.
Security and Privacy Qualities of Medical Devices: An Analysis of FDA Postmarket Surveillance (2012)

Our review of recalls and adverse events from federal government databases reveals sharp inconsistencies with databases at individual providers with respect to security and privacy risks. Recalls related to software may increase security risks because of unprotected update and correction mechanisms. To detect signals of security and privacy problems that adversely affect public health, federal postmarket surveillance strategies should rethink how to effectively and efficiently collect data on security and privacy problems in devices that increasingly depend on computing systems susceptible to malware.
The KCNE2 Potassium Channel Ancillary Subunit Is Essential for Gastric Acid Secretion (2006)

Genes in the KCNE family encode single transmembrane domain ancillary subunits that co-assemble with voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channel alpha subunits to alter their function. KCNE2 (also known as MiRP1) is expressed in the heart, is associated with human cardiac arrhythmia, and modulates cardiac Kv alpha subunits hERG and KCNQ1 in vitro. KCNE2 and KCNQ1 are also expressed in parietal cells, leading to speculation they form a native channel complex there. Here, we disrupted the murine kcne2 gene and found that kcne2 (-/-) mice have a severe gastric phenotype with profoundly reduced parietal cell proton secretion, abnormal parietal cell morphology, achlorhydria, hypergastrinemia, and striking gastric glandular hyperplasia arising from an increase in the number of non-acid secretory cells. KCNQ1 exhibited abnormal distribution in gastric glands from kcne2 (-/-) mice, with increased expression in non-acid secretory cells. Parietal cells from kcne2 (+/-) mice exhibited normal architecture but reduced proton secretion, and kcne2 (+/-) mice were hypochlorhydric, indicating a gene-dose effect and a primary defect in gastric acid secretion. These data demonstrate that KCNE2 is essential for gastric acid secretion, the first genetic evidence that a member of the KCNE gene family is required for normal gastrointestinal function.
ChemInform Abstract: Practical Synthesis of Deoxymannojirimycin and of (2S,3R,4R,5R)‐3,4,5‐Trihydroxypipecolic Acid from D‐Glucose. (1989)

Abstract Deoxymannojirimycin (X) is synthesized as shown in the scheme starting from the glucose derivative (II) which is readily available from diacetone glucose (I).
Long-lasting solid lubrication by CNT-coated patterned surfaces (2017)

The use of lubricants (solid or liquid) is a well-known and suitable approach to reduce friction and wear of moving machine components. Another possibility to influence the tribological behaviour is the formation of well-defined surface topographies such as dimples, bumps or lattice-like pattern geometries by laser surface texturing. However, both methods are limited in their effect: surface textures may be gradually destroyed by plastic deformation and lubricants may be removed from the contact area, therefore no longer properly protecting the contacting surfaces. The present study focuses on the combination of both methods as an integral solution, overcoming individual limitations of each method. Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), a known solid lubricant, are deposited onto laser surface textured samples by electrophoretic deposition. The frictional behaviour is recorded by a tribometer and resulting wear tracks are analysed by scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy in order to reveal the acting tribological mechanisms. The combined approach shows an extended, minimum fivefold longevity of the lubrication and a significantly reduced degradation of the laser textures. Raman spectroscopy proves decelerated MWCNT degradation and oxide formation in the contact. Finally, a lubricant entrapping model based on surface texturing is proposed and demonstrated.
Full-SiC integrated power module based on planar packaging technology for high efficiency power converters in aircraft applications (2020)

Compact, light-weight, efficient and reliable power converters are fundamental for the future of More Electrical Aircraft (MEA). Core elements supporting the electrification of the aerospace industry are power modules (PMs) employing exclusively SiC MOSFETs. In order to fully exploit the high switching speeds enabled by SiC, and to address the challenges arising from the parallelization of power devices, novel PM concepts must be investigated. In this paper, highly symmetrical layouts, low inductance planar interconnection technologies, and integrated buffer capacitors are explored to realize a high efficiency, fast-switching, and reliable full-SiC PM for MEA applications. A comprehensive assessment of a number of performance metrics against state-of-the-art full-SiC PMs demonstrates the benefits of the proposed design approach and manufacturing technologies. Moreover, by integrating temperature and current sensors, intelligent functions, which are crucial for the safe application of power electronics in MEA, are added to the developed PM. In this context, the use of MOSFETs’ Temperature Sensitive Electrical Parameters for online junction temperature estimation is demonstrated, allowing for non-invasive, i.e. without the need for dedicated sensors, thermal monitoring. Additionally, a highly compact gate driver, reducing the overall system volume and complexity, is designed and integrated in the housing of the PM. Finally, switching waveforms are measured during operation of the PM at 500V and 200A, proving the performance improvement enabled by the low inductance layout, the integrated snubber, and the gate driver.
Linear State Estimation and Bad Data Detection for Power Systems with\n RTU and PMU Measurements (2020)

In this paper, a novel linear algorithm is proposed for state estimation\nincluding bad data detection of power systems that are monitored both by\nconventional and synchrophasor measurements. Both types of data are treated\nsimultaneously and the states are estimated in rectangular coordinates. The\nproposed estimator is based on the linear weighted least square method. To\nenable the derivation of linear measurement functions, the network is modelled\nin terms of voltages and currents in rectangular form and pseudo-measurements\nare used to represent conventional measurements. Furthermore, the largest\nnormalized residual test is used to detect bad data. To validate the accuracy\nand robustness of the proposed algorithm, several test cases of different sizes\nare solved and the results are presented and discussed.\n
An Event-Based, Frame-Based Image Acquisition Mechanism for CMOS Image Sensors (2017)

In this paper, we present a novel event-based image acquisition mechanism dedicated to industrial vision system under hardware constraints. This technique relies on smoothing the data throughput of the image sensor through time, decreasing information collision and without adding complex communication systems such as address event representation (AER). This technique can also reduce the data throughput by suppressing a part of the spatial redundancies. The proposed architecture is firstly validate through a MATLAB model, then a corresponding design is presented.
The Role of Materials and Manufacturing Technologies as Enablers in Gas Turbine Cooling for High Performance Engines (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Relationship of Cooling to Materials and Manufacturing Materials for (or as) Turbine Cooling Manufacturing to Enable Turbine Cooling Conclusion
Polymerase chain reaction–single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis for theVHL gene in chemically induced kidney tumors of rats using intron-derived primers (1997)

von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene mutations occur throughout three exons including the exon-intron boundaries in human VHL disease-associated and sporadic renal cell carcinomas. To explore the possible role of the VHL gene in chemically induced rat kidney tumors originating from various cell types, more than 150 bp of Fischer 344 and Noble rat VHL intron sequences flanking the three exons was determined by dideoxy sequencing. Five primer sets were selected for polymerase chain reaction amplification of the coding regions of rat VHL exons 1-3 and the exon-intron boundaries. Tissues from 10 renal eosinophilic epithelial tumors induced by N-nitrosoethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, 10 nephroblastomas induced by N-nitroso-N-ethylurea, and seven renal mesenchymal tumors induced by N-nitrosomethyl(methoxymethyl)amine were examined for VHL mutations by polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis. No mutation was detected in any tumor type, indicating that VHL mutations are not involved in the pathogenesis of rat kidney tumors arising from the distal region of the renal tubules, the metanephric blastema, or stromal tissues of the cortex.
Chaos and nonlinear dynamics of single-particle orbits in a magnetotail-like magnetic field (1985)

The properties of charged-particle motion in Hamiltonian dynamics are studied in a magnetotail-like magnetic field configuration. It is shown by numerical integration of the equation of motion that the system is generally nonintegrable and that the particle motion can be classified into three distinct types of orbits; the bounded integrable orbits, unbounded stochastic orbits and unbounded transient orbits. It is also shown that different regions of the phase space exhibit qualitatively different response to external influences. The concept of differential memory in single-particle distributions is proposed. Physical implications to the dynamical properties of the magnetotail plasmas, and the possible generation of non-Maxwellian features in the distribution function are discussed. Keywords: Chaos; Hamiltonian dynamics; Magnetotail; Quasi-neutral sheet.
Resonant transmission of microwaves through subwavelength fractal slits in a metallic plate (2005)

We demonstrate through both experiment and theory that in the microwave regime one can have high transmittance through narrow fractal-patterned slits in thick metallic plates, whereby the aperture is subwavelength in all cross sectional dimensions. In contrast to the recently discovered extraordinary transmissions via surface plasmon excitations and Fabry-Perot-like resonances, the transmission in the present case is independent of the incident angle, plate thickness, or array periodicity. We show the physics to be governed by the transversal shape resonance localized in the metallic fractal slots. In particular, for the lowest transmission mode the EM field experiences no phase change when transmitting through the metallic plate. Simulation demonstrates the viability of the observed phenomenon as a subwavelength $k=0$ waveguide mode, where $k$ is the axial wave number.
Novel Mitral Repair Device for the Treatment of Severe Mitral Regurgitation (2014)

Proof-of-concept of a novel percutaneous mitral repair device has been completed using an ovine P2-flail severe MR model. The device has characteristics that will allow its use in posterior leaflet degenerative disease and functional/secondary MR. Open, minimally invasive, and robotic surgical implantation of the device can also be developed as an alternative to the percutaneous approach.
Comparison and analysis of measurement and parameter based admission control methods for Quality of Service (QoS) provisioning (2010)

Admission control methods are important tools for ensuring the Quality of Service (QoS) of flows within a network by allowing additional flows only if their addition does not disrupt current flows. Two common admission control methods are Parameter-Based Admission Control (PBAC) and Measurement-Based Admission Control (MBAC). We have implemented versions of both methods in our Network QoS Management framework, which provides a QoS API for QoS-aware application to request network resources. We have made evaluations within our testbed environment of our MBAC implementation against the more traditional PBAC method in order to compare the efficiency of network utilization between the two methods.
A Nano-Electro-Mechanical Switch Based Power Gating for Effective Stand-by Power Reduction in FinFET Technologies (2017)

In this letter, we show that using the experimentally demonstrated nano-electro-mechanical-switches (NEMS) and our design methodology, the standby power dissipation can be reduced to negligible levels in 14-nm bulk FinFET technologies. Using two realistic NEMS structures, demonstrated in the literature for power gating applications, a design window is derived for achieving the targeted specifications without compromising on the performance and area. Cantilever NEMS requires less area as compared with the suspended NEMS, but reliability is a concern. We demonstrate that for a 17-stage ring oscillator circuit, the NEMS power gating will perform better than the FinFET-based power gating when the T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ON</sub> /T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">OFF</sub> ratio is less than 0.002.