gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biosynthesis of phyto-functionalized silver nanoparticles using olive fruit extract and evaluation of their antibacterial and antioxidant properties (2023)

The green synthesis of nanomaterials is of utmost interest as it offers an eco-friendly approach over chemical synthetic routes. However, the reported biosynthesis methods are often time-consuming and require heating or mechanical stirring. The current study reports a facile one-pot biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) mediated by olive fruit extract (OFE) and sunlight irradiation of only 20 s. OFE acts as both a reducing and a capping agent for the formation of OFE-capped AgNPs (AgNPs@OFE). The as-synthesized NPs were systematically characterized by UV-vis spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electrochemical microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and cyclic voltammetry. SEM images confirmed the successful formation of monodispersed spherical AgNPs@OFE of approximately 77 nm. FTIR spectroscopy suggested the involvement of functional groups of phytochemicals from the OFE in the capping and reduction of Ag<sup>+</sup> to Ag. The particles revealed excellent colloidal stability as evidenced from the high zeta potential (ZP) value (-40 mV). Interestingly, using the disk diffusion method, AgNPs@OFE revealed higher inhibition efficiency against Gram-negative bacteria (<i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Klebsiella oxytoca</i>, and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) <i>Salmonella typhi</i>) than Gram-positive bacteria (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>), with <i>Escherichia coli</i> showing the highest inhibition zone of 27 mm. In addition, AgNPs@OFE exhibited maximum potent antioxidant scavenging potential against H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, followed by DPPH, O<sub>2</sub> <sup>-</sup>, and OH<sup>-</sup> free radicals. Overall, OFE can be considered an effective source for the sustainable production of stable AgNPs with potential antioxidant and antibacterial activities for biomedical applications.
<title>Optimization of stepper parameters and their influence on OPC</title> (1996)

An algorithm for the optimization of stepper parameters has been designed and implemented. The cost function used in this optimization is the contrast. The aerial image is computed using the computer code FAIM. First, the contrast of the image is calculated and the derivatives of the contrast with respect to the stepper parameters are evaluated. The computational cost of these calculations is only slightly more than that of one aerial image simulation. A conjugate gradient type algorithm is then used to obtain the minimum of the contrast.
MACiE: a database of enzyme reaction mechanisms (2005)

http://www-mitchell.ch.cam.ac.uk/macie/.
Fundamental limitations of the McCumber relation applied to Er-doped silica and other amorphous-host lasers (2002)

The approximate McCumber procedure is often used to predict the emission cross-section spectrum of the 1.5-/spl mu/m transition of Er-doped glass fibers from the transition's measured absorption spectrum. By applying this procedure to a large number of published Er-doped fiber absorption spectra, we demonstrate that its accuracy is actually statistically quite low: it tends to overestimate the peak cross-section (by up to 75%) and predicts an emission spectrum that is erroneously depressed in the S band (below /spl sim/1530 nm) and inflated in the C and L bands. Error levels are substantial and yield unacceptably large errors when modeling Er-doped fiber devices. We provide analytic evidence that this failure is rooted in part in the approximations inherent to the procedure, and in part in a fundamental limitation of the underlying McCumber relation. Specifically, when applied to broad optical transitions, the McCumber relation yields poor predictions of the emission cross-section spectral shape, the error worsening in the L and S bands, with increasing homogeneous broadening, and with increasing bandwidth. The McCumber relation should be avoided for broad laser transitions, which includes most rare-earth transitions in many amorphous hosts.
A new and improved genome sequence of Cannabis sativa (2020)

Cannabis is a diploid species (2<i>n</i> = 20), the estimated haploid genome sizes of the female and male plants using flow cytometry are 818 and 843 Mb respectively. Although the genome of Cannabis has been sequenced (from hemp, wild and high-THC strains), all assemblies have significant gaps. In addition, there are inconsistencies in the chromosome numbering which limits their use. A new comprehensive draft genome sequence assembly (∼900 Mb) has been generated from the medicinal cannabis strain Cannbio-2, that produces a balanced ratio of cannabidiol and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol using long-read sequencing. The assembly was subsequently analysed for completeness by ordering the contigs into chromosome-scale pseudomolecules using a reference genome assembly approach, annotated and compared to other existing reference genome assemblies. The Cannbio-2 genome sequence assembly was found to be the most complete genome sequence available based on nucleotides assembled and BUSCO evaluation in <i>Cannabis sativa</i> with a comprehensive genome annotation. The new draft genome sequence is an advancement in Cannabis genomics permitting pan-genome analysis, genomic selection as well as genome editing.
CRAWDAD (2006)

Wireless network researchers are seriously starved for data about how real users, applications, and devices use real networks under real network conditions. CRAWDAD, a Community Resource for Archiving Wireless Data at Dartmouth, is a new NSF-funded project to build a wireless network data archive for the research community. We host wireless data, and provide tools and documents to make it easy to collect and use wireless network data. We hope that this resource will help researchers identify and evaluate real and interesting problems in mobile and pervasive computing. This report outlines the CRAWDAD project, the kick-off work-shop that was held at MobiCom 2005, and the latest news. how real users, applications, and devices use real networks under real conditions, and how mobile users actually move about. This data helps us to identify and understand the real problems, to evaluate possible solutions, and to evaluate new applications and services.
Characterization of STI Edge Effects on CMOS Variability (2009)

Layout effects (well proximity effect, gate-STI distance effect, litho proximity effects, etc.) can lead to significant deviations between measured and modeled drain currents in advanced CMOS processes. Because several of these effects can occur at the same time and because a proper distinction between systematic and random effects is not always made, this often leads to confusion on the subject of variability. Using a dedicated set of-asymmetrically designed-matched pair test structures and a data analysis technique based on so-called mismatch sweeps, we answer some important questions in these discussions on variability in advanced CMOS technologies. Taking the STI-induced stress effect as an example, we show that, although there can be a large systematic offset in drain current and threshold voltage due to this effect, there is no significant impact on random mismatch fluctuations.
Photoreceptor cilia, in contrast to primary cilia, grant entry to a partially assembled BBSome (2021)

The BBSome is a protein complex consisting of BBS1, BBS2, BBS4, BBS5, BBS7, BBS8, BBS9 and BBS18 that associates with intraflagellar transport complexes and specializes in ciliary trafficking. In primary cilia, ciliary entry requires the fully assembled BBSome as well as the small GTPase, ARL6 (BBS3). Retinal photoreceptors possess specialized cilia. In light of key structural and functional differences between primary and specialized cilia, we examined the principles of BBSome recruitment to photoreceptor cilia. We performed sucrose gradient fractionation using retinal lysates of Bbs2-/-, Bbs7-/-, Bbs8-/- and Bbs3-/- mice to determine the status of BBSome assembly, then determined localization of BBSome components using immunohistochemistry. Surprisingly, we found that a subcomplex of the BBSome containing at least BBS1, BBS5, BBS8 and BBS9 is recruited to cilia in the absence of BBS2 or BBS7. In contrast, a BBSome subcomplex consisting of BBS1, BBS2, BBS5, BBS7 and BBS9 is found in Bbs8-/- retinas and is denied ciliary entry in photoreceptor cells. In addition, the BBSome remains fully assembled in Bbs3-/- retinas and can be recruited to photoreceptor cilia in the absence of BBS3. We compared phenotypic severity of their retinal degeneration phenotypes. These findings demonstrate that unlike primary cilia, photoreceptor cilia admit a partially assembled BBSome meeting specific requirements. In addition, the recruitment of the BBSome to photoreceptor cilia does not require BBS3. These findings indicate that the ciliary entry of the BBSome is subjected to cell-specific regulation, particularly in cells with highly adapted forms of cilia such as photoreceptors.
Acyclic diene metathesis (ADMET) polymerization: the synthesis of unsaturated polyesters (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAcyclic diene metathesis (ADMET) polymerization: the synthesis of unsaturated polyestersJ. T. Patton, J. M. Boncella, and K. B. WagenerCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 15, 3862–3867Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00041a006RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views705Altmetric-Citations77LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (726 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Efficient Stochastic Decoding of Non-Binary LDPC Codes with Degree-Two Variable Nodes (2012)

In this letter, we present an optimized version of the relaxed half-stochastic (RHS) algorithm targeted at non-binary LDPC codes with a variable node degree equal to two. The new algorithm has significantly fewer multiplications while maintaining an error-correction performance and a decoding iteration count identical to those of the original.
A Network Simulator for the Estimation of Bandwidth Load and Latency Created by Heterogeneous Spiking Neural Networks on Neuromorphic Computing Communication Networks (2021)

Observing long-term learning effects caused by neuron activity in the human brain in vivo, over a period of weeks, months, or years, is impractical. Over the last decade, the field of neuromorphic computing hardware has grown significantly, i.e. SpiNNaker, BrainScaleS and Neurogrid. These novel many-core simulation platforms offer a practical alternative to study neuron behaviour in the brain at an accelerated rate, with a high level of detail. However, they do by far not reach human brain scales yet as in particular the massive amount of spike communication turns out to be a bottleneck. In this paper, we introduce a network simulator specifically developed for the analysis of bandwidth load and latency of different network topologies and communication protocols in neuromorphic computing communication networks in high detail. Unique to this simulator, compared to state of the art network models and simulators, is its ability to simulate the impact of heterogeneous neural connectivity by different models as well as the evaluation of neuron mapping algorithms. We crosscheck the simulator by comparing the results of a run using a homogeneous neural network to the bandwidth load resulting from comparable works, but simultaneously show the increased level of detail reached with our simulator. Finally, we show the impact heterogeneous connectivity can have on the bandwidth and how different neuron mapping algorithms can enhance this effect.
[Echocardiographic study of the early repolarization syndrome. Demonstration of dynamic obstruction with isoprenaline. Apropos of 16 cases]. (1988)

This study provides detailed information on the echocardiographic data obtained before and during an intravenous infusion of isoprenaline in a group of 16 patients under 50 years of age presenting with early repolarization syndrome and in a control group of 16 patients of the same age-group. The stereotyped echocardiographic features of early repolarization syndrome are described. They include: in the basal state, ventricular hyperkinesia, anterior motion of the mitral valve and reduction of the left ventricular outflow tract; these data were significant when compared with the control group; under isoprenaline, dynamic obstruction of the left ventricle. The authors discuss the electrical significance of the early repolarization syndrome, the relationship between that syndrome and the borderline forms of obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and the role of catecholamines in the pathogenesis of obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Quantitative Multicontrast 5-Minute Knee MRI Using Prospective Artificial Intelligence Image Quality Enhancement (2020)

<b>BACKGROUND.</b> Potential approaches for abbreviated knee MRI, including prospective acceleration with deep learning, have achieved limited clinical implementation. <b>OBJECTIVE.</b> The objective of this study was to evaluate the interreader agreement between conventional knee MRI and a 5-minute 3D quantitative double-echo steady-state (qDESS) sequence with automatic T2 mapping and deep learning super-resolutionaugmentation and to compare the diagnostic performance of the two methods regarding findings from arthroscopic surgery. <b>METHODS.</b> Fifty-one patients with knee pain underwent knee MRI that included an additional 3D qDESS sequence with automatic T2 mapping. Fourier interpolation was followed by prospective deep learning super resolution to enhance qDESS slice resolution twofold. A musculoskeletal radiologist and a radiology resident performed independent retrospective evaluations of articular cartilage, menisci, ligaments, bones, extensor mechanism, and synovium using conventional MRI. Following a 2-month washout period, readers reviewed qDESS images alone followed by qDESS with the automatic T2 maps. Interreader agreement between conventional MRI and qDESS was computed using percentage agreement and Cohen kappa. The sensitivity and specificity of conventional MRI, qDESS alone, and qDESS plus T2 mapping were compared with arthroscopic findings using exact McNemar tests. <b>RESULTS.</b> Conventional MRI and qDESS showed 92% agreement in evaluating all tissues. Kappa was 0.79 (95% CI, 0.76-0.81) across all imaging findings. In 43 patients who underwent arthroscopy, sensitivity and specificity were not significantly different (<i>p</i> = .23 to > .99) between conventional MRI (sensitivity, 58-93%; specificity, 27-87%) and qDESS alone (sensitivity, 54-90%; specificity, 23-91%) for cartilage, menisci, ligaments, and synovium. For grade 1 cartilage lesions, sensitivity and specificity were 33% and 56%, respectively, for conventional MRI; 23% and 53% for qDESS (<i>p</i> = .81); and 46% and 39% for qDESS with T2 mapping (<i>p</i> = .80). For grade 2A lesions, values were 27% and 53% for conventional MRI, 26% and 52% for qDESS (<i>p</i> = .02), and 58% and 40% for qDESS with T2 mapping (<i>p</i> < .001). <b>CONCLUSION.</b> The qDESS method prospectively augmented with deep learning showed strong interreader agreement with conventional knee MRI and near-equivalent diagnostic performance regarding arthroscopy. The ability of qDESS to automatically generate T2 maps increases sensitivity for cartilage abnormalities. <b>CLINICAL IMPACT.</b> Using prospective artificial intelligence to enhance qDESS image quality may facilitate an abbreviated knee MRI protocol while generating quantitative T2 maps.
Data from Systems Analysis of the NCI-60 Cancer Cell Lines by Alignment of Protein Pathway Activation Modules with “-OMIC” Data Fields and Therapeutic Response Signatures (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The NCI-60 cell line set is likely the most molecularly profiled set of human tumor cell lines in the world. However, a critical missing component of previous analyses has been the inability to place the massive amounts of “-omic” data in the context of functional protein signaling networks, which often contain many of the drug targets for new targeted therapeutics. We used reverse-phase protein array (RPPA) analysis to measure the activation/phosphorylation state of 135 proteins, with a total analysis of nearly 200 key protein isoforms involved in cell proliferation, survival, migration, adhesion, etc., in all 60 cell lines. We aggregated the signaling data into biochemical modules of interconnected kinase substrates for 6 key cancer signaling pathways: AKT, mTOR, EGF receptor (EGFR), insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), integrin, and apoptosis signaling. The net activation state of these protein network modules was correlated to available individual protein, phosphoprotein, mutational, metabolomic, miRNA, transcriptional, and drug sensitivity data. Pathway activation mapping identified reproducible and distinct signaling cohorts that transcended organ-type distinctions. Direct correlations with the protein network modules involved largely protein phosphorylation data but we also identified direct correlations of signaling networks with metabolites, miRNA, and DNA data. The integration of protein activation measurements into biochemically interconnected modules provided a novel means to align the functional protein architecture with multiple “-omic” data sets and therapeutic response correlations. This approach may provide a deeper understanding of how cellular biochemistry defines therapeutic response. Such “-omic” portraits could inform rational anticancer agent screenings and drive personalized therapeutic approaches. &lt;i&gt;Mol Cancer Res; 11(6); 676–85. ©2013 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Fabrication and Characterization of Rare-Earth-Doped Nanostructures on Surfaces (2011)

This article presents a simple and practical means to produce rare-earth-based nanostructures, as well as a combined characterization of structure and optical properties in situ. A nanosphere lithography strategy combined with surface chemistry enables the production of arrays of β-NaYF(4):Yb,Er nanorings inlaid in an octadecyltrichlorosilane matrix. These arrays of nanorings are produced over the entire support, such as a 1 cm(2) glass coverslip. The dimension of nanorings can be varied by changing the deposition conditions. A home-constructed, multifunctional microscope integrating atomic force microscopy, near-field scanning optical microscopy, and far-field optical microscopy and spectroscopy is utilized to characterize the nanostructures. This in situ and combined characterization is important for rare-earth-containing nanomaterials in order to correlate local structure with upconversion photoluminescence. Knowledge gained from the investigation should facilitate materials design and optimization, for instance, in the context of photovoltaic devices and biofluorescent probes.
Study of wafer warpage for Fan-Out wafer level packaging: finite element modelling and experimental validation (2019)

Wafer warpage is a big challenge during wafer process in Fan-Out Wafer-Level-Packaging (FOWLP). It is crucial to keep warpage low as much as possible for successful process integration. The warpage is mainly due to the Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) mismatch between the involved materials during temperature changes. Furthermore, warpage of molded wafers depends on material properties. Therefore, accurate material characterization has great importance. In this paper, thermal-mechanical properties of the used polymeric materials were measured using nanoindentation and Stereo-Digital Image Correlation (SDIC). In this study, warpage of molded wafers with and without Temporary Bonding Adhesive (TBA) is investigated during heating to 200°C and cooling down to room temperature. SDIC technique was used to measure the warpage of molded wafers. Finally, Finite Element (FE) simulations were carried out using as input the measured thermal-mechanical properties. A comparison between warpage measurements and FE simulation at different temperatures showed a good agreement.
Using the Angle-Dependent Resonances of Molded Plasmonic Crystals To Improve the Sensitivities of Biosensors (2010)

This paper describes how angle-dependent resonances from molded plasmonic crystals can be used to improve real-time biosensing. First, an inexpensive and massively parallel approach to create single-use, two-dimensional metal nanopyramidal gratings was developed. Second, although constant in bulk dielectric environments, the sensitivities (resonance wavelength shift and resonance width) of plasmonic crystals to adsorbed molecular layers of varying thickness were found to depend on incident excitation angle. Third, protein binding at dilute concentrations of protein was carried out at an angle that optimized the signal to noise of our plasmonic sensing platform. This angle-dependent sensitivity, which is intrinsic to grating-based sensors, is a critical parameter that can assist in maximizing signal to noise.
Assessment of Eye Disease and Visual Impairment in the Nursing Home Population Using Mobile Health Technology (2020)

This study demonstrated a high prevalence of poor VA and ophthalmic disease in the nursing home population impacting quality of life. Smartphone-based teleophthalmology platforms have the potential to increase access to eye care for nursing home patients. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2020;51:262-270.].
Housing, spatial patterns and social cohesion (2011)

This chapter explores how housing policy should be evaluated in relation to the cohesion debate. It also reorientates housing-policy debates around the core theme of social, as distinct from ‘community’, cohesion. The significance of housing quality and the built environment is explained. The dominant social-policy focus on ethnic segregation, infused with the suggestion that communities have begun to exhibit ‘parallel lives’, is a relatively recent phenomenon. The chapter then addresses the key questions: how can access to good-quality housing can be improved?; and how can more stable and cohesive neighbourhoods be promoted? In addition, it elaborates the increasing access to social housing, the problem of ‘racial steering’, and deploying regeneration policy so as to promote greater ‘social mix’. There is some evidence that mixed-tenure developments may enhance interaction between residents from different backgrounds.