gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Levenberg-Marquardt and Conjugate Gradient methods applied to a high-order neural network (2013)

The HONEST network is a high order neural network that uses product units and adaptable exponential weights. In this paper, we explore the use of several learning methods with the HONEST network: Levenberg-Marquardt (LM), Conjugate Gradient (CG), Scaled Conjugate Gradient (a technique that combines LM and CG), and resilient propagation (RP). Using a benchmark of 19 datasets, we find that the first three methods mentioned produce lower average test set errors than RP to a statistically significant extent.
Complementary Integration of Heterogeneous Crowd-Sourced Datasets for Enhanced Social Analytics (2013)

On behalf of the rapidly and widely disseminated smartphone technology into the public, lots of social network sites and location-based social applications are accumulating a huge volume of massive crowd's daily experiences and thoughts in an unprecedented scale. We can regard them as novel data sources for accomplishing various social analytics, which have usually required lots of efforts to collect crowds' opinion and behavioral data. Thus, we can take advantages of abundant social datasets by integrating them appropriately. However, when we integrate disparate sources to derive a comprehensive view for a survey, it is necessary to know intrinsic exclusive values of each data source compared to others in an intuitive and succinct way. In fact, lots of efforts and time are wasted to overview various datasets consequently to confidently choose a dataset to be integrated in a final result. In this paper, we propose a complementarity index, which can estimate the exclusive usefulness of data sources in terms of spatial and topical coverage when selecting data sources for social analytics purposes. We conducted an experiment about complementarity measurement with two real social datasets from Twitter and VoiceTra; the latter is a speech-to-speech translation app, with which we can additionally obtain crowds' verbal translation logs. With the proposed complementarity index, we can measure the capability of a dataset comparing to others before integrating datasets, thus enabling analysts to examine much more datasets from as many related data sources as possible by focusing on exclusive coverage and relative strength of relevant topics.
Layered Hydride CaNiGeH with a ZrCuSiAs-type Structure: Crystal Structure, Chemical Bonding, and Magnetism Induced by Mn Doping (2012)

Stimulated by the discovery of the iron oxypnictide superconductor with ZrCuSiAs-type structure in 2008, extensive exploration of its isostructural and isoelectronic compounds has started. These compounds, including oxides, fluorides, and hydrides, can all be simply recognized as valence compounds for which the octet rule is valid. We report herein the first example of a ZrCuSiAs-type hydride, CaNiGeH, which violates the octet rule. This hydride was synthesized by hydrogenation of the CeFeSi-type compound CaNiGe under pressurized hydrogen. Powder diffraction and theoretical simulation confirm that H enters into the interstitial position of the Ca(4) tetrahedron, leading to notable anisotropic expansion of the unit cell along the c axis. Density functional theory calculations indicate the modification of the chemical bonding and formation of ionic Ca-H bond as a result of hydrogen insertion. Furthermore, CaNiGeH shows Pauli paramagnetism and metallic conduction similar to that of CaNiGe, but its carrier type changes to hole and the carrier density is drastically reduced as compared to CaNiGe. Mn-doping at the Ni site introduces magnetism to both the parent compound and the hydride. The measurement demonstrates that hydrogenation of CaNi(1-x)Mn(x)Ge reduces ferromagnetic ordering of Mn ions and induces huge magnetic hysteresis, whereas the spin glass state observed for the parent compound is preserved in the hydride. The hydrogenation-induced changes in the electric and magnetic properties are interpreted in terms of development of two-dimensionality in crystal structure as well as electronic state.
Recent advances in amino acid analysis by capillary electromigration methods, 2013–2015 (2015)

We describe the most important research articles published on amino acid analysis using CE during the period from June 2013 to May 2015, and follows the format of the previous articles published in electrophoresis the new developments in amino acid analysis with CE are mainly describing improvements in detection means and injection methods. Enantiomeric separation developments are still important. Focusing the applications, we describe the neurochemical and clinical works, but also the metabolomic studies for which the publication number increase greatly. Finally, works focused on amino acids in food and agricultural applications are described.
Genetic Modification of Human Embryonic Stem Cells With Adenoviral Vectors: Differences of Infectability Between Lines and Correlation of Infectability With Expression of the Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor (2008)

Adenovirus is an efficient vector for expression of transgenes in dividing and nondividing cells. However, very few studies of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have utilized adenoviral vectors. We examine here the ability of adenovirus to infect naive hESCs and the differentiated derivatives of multiple hESC lines. We found a striking variation in adenovirus infection rates between lines. The variability in infection rates was positively correlated with the expression of the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor, but not that of alpha(nu)-integrin. Adenoviral infection did not interfere with the expression of pluripotency markers, even after passaging. In addition, infection did not affect differentiation of hESC-derived neural precursors in vitro. We also found that green fluorescent protein expression mediated by adenovirus can be a useful marker for tracking hESC in xenografts. We conclude that adenovirus is a practical vector for genetic modification of naive hESC from most, but not all lines, but may be more generally useful for gene transfer into differentiated derivatives of hESC lines.
Elevated Proinflammatory Markers in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome Are Associated With Psychosis and Cognitive Deficits (2017)

Our preliminary findings indicate an involvement of inflammatory processes in the pathophysiology of psychosis and cognitive deficits in 22q11.2DS and are in line with the accumulating evidence for the role of neuroinflammation in nonsyndromic schizophrenia.
Analysis of novel P2X subunit-specific antibodies in rat cardiac and smooth muscle (1999)

P2X receptors are cation-selective channels gated by extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP). There are relatively few known types of ligand-gated receptors. In vertebrates they include acetylcholine (Ach), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, and glutamate as well as ATP. Ach, 5-HT, GABA and glycine ligand-gated receptors are related in evolutionary terms, while glutamate and ATP receptors form separate groups. There have been seven cloned proteins identified to date as members of the P2X receptor family in a wide range of cells and species. We have carried out hydropathy investigations and sequence comparisons of each of the seven subunits in order to examine the putative transmembrane and cysteine-rich extracellular domains. Probable locations of disulphide bridges are consistent with there being two separate extracellular folding domains. Assessment of the putative surface-accessible regions was used to select small localised amino acid segments in nonglycosylated regions for raising antibodies against each of the P2X receptor subunits. To test the specificity of these novel P2X receptor antibodies and their presence in cardiac and smooth muscle, sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE)/Western blotting was undertaken in homogenised rat heart, bladder, kidney, and vas deferens.
Batch fabrication and assembly of micromotor-driven mechanisms with multi-level linkages (1992)

The development of a new technology for the wafer-level fabrication and assembly of fully integrated mechanisms is reported. It is based on a boron-doped bulk silicon dissolved wafer process that has been used to fabricate a variety of micromechanical devices. The overall process consists of three wafers, two silicon and one glass. The first silicon wafer is processed to create all the major mechanical elements, including gears and micromotors. The second is processed to create mechanical linkages between them. These wafers are successively aligned and bonded to a glass wafer, and then dissolved in ethylenediamine pyrocatechol (EDP) to free the mechanisms. This procedure permits wafer-level batch assembly of micromechanical systems. A number of 5-10- mu m-thick bulk silicon electrostatic micromotors and gear trains have been fabricated and linked to each other on the same chip. Tests show that this is a viable technology that allows mechanical power to be coupled between various micromechanical devices.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Submicron imaging in the EUV spectral range using high-harmonic radiation (2003)

Nowadays, high-harmonic generation is a state-of-the art technique for laboratory extreme ultra-violet (EUV) sources providing electromagnetic radiation with photon energies up to some hundreds of eV. In contrast to other laser-based EUV-sources, the emitted pulses have pulse durations that are shorter or in the order of the driving laser pulse duration, i.e. fs or less. We report on first experiments using a high-harmonic source for microscopy imaging with radiation of 96 eV close to the silicon-L-edge at 100 eV. A simple setup with a zone plate as objective and a mica test sample yields a spatial resolution of 0.8 μm limited by the pixel size of the back-illuminated ccd used as detector. The advantage of the presented microscopy technique is less found in the achievable spatial resolution but in the combination of moderate spatial and high temporal resolution.
Rationale for the Evaluation of Renal Functional Reserve in Living Kidney Donors and Recipients: A Pilot Study (2017)

RST is a safe, feasible, easy, and an inexpensive tool that is able to quantify RFR. In living kidney transplantation, it can be used in clinical practice to measure the original global filtration capacity of the donor's kidneys (sGFR) and to quantify the susceptibility of donors and recipients in developing postoperative kidney dysfunction. However, further studies with an adequate sample size and follow-up period are needed to test this hypothesis.
Postponing the orthogonality catastrophe: efficient state preparation for electronic structure simulations on quantum devices (2018)

Despite significant work on resource estimation for quantum simulation of electronic systems, the challenge of preparing states with sufficient ground state support has so far been largely neglected. In this work we investigate this issue in several systems of interest, including organic molecules, transition metal complexes, the uniform electron gas, Hubbard models, and quantum impurity models arising from embedding formalisms such as dynamical mean-field theory. Our approach uses a state-of-the-art classical technique for high-fidelity ground state approximation. We find that easy-to-prepare single Slater determinants such as the Hartree-Fock state often have surprisingly robust support on the ground state for many applications of interest. For the most difficult systems, single-determinant reference states may be insufficient, but low-complexity reference states may suffice. For this we introduce a method for preparation of multi-determinant states on quantum computers.
Synergistic Immune Responses Induced by Endogenous Retrovirus and Herpesvirus Antigens Result in Increased Production of Inflammatory Cytokines in Multiple Sclerosis Patients (2008)

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERV) and herpesviruses are increasingly associated with the pathogenesis of the neurological inflammatory disease multiple sclerosis (MS). Herpesviruses are capable of HERV activation and simultaneous presence of HERV and herpesvirus antigens have a synergistic effect on cell-mediated immune responses, which tend to be higher in MS patients in comparison with healthy individuals. Here, we investigate whether these synergistic immune responses are reflected in changes in the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), we have performed a comparative study between MS patients and healthy controls to investigate the production of interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL) 2, or IL-10 as well as the balance between Th1 and Th2 responses in supernatants from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with HERV and herpes antigen combinations. We have found a significant disproportion in Th1/Th2 responses in PBMCs from MS patients caused by the joint presence of HERV and herpes antigens. The results also showed a significantly higher IFN-gamma production in cells from MS patients; additionally, this production correlated with the synergistic cell proliferations whereas we did not find such a correlation in healthy controls. Our findings suggest that the increased production of IFN-gamma and the induced imbalance in Th1/Th2 responses favouring the inflammatory reactions in MS patients may lead to progression of the disease.
Data quality dependencies in microring-based DPSK transmitter and receiver (2008)

An ultra-small silicon-based microring modulator and filter were proposed to generate and demodulate NRZ DPSK at 10 Gb/s. In this paper, we analyze performance dependencies of the modulator and demodulator under different operating conditions, such as variable laser linewidth, phase shift, demodulator offset and receiver bandwidth. Data quality of the microring-based DPSK transceiver can be optimized with eye-opening improvement of up to 7 dB. Transmission performance of the all-microring-based DPSK signal over a 70-km single mode fiber is compared to that of DPSK using a Mach-Zehnder modulator and a delay-line interferometer.
Variability of HIV-1 Genomes among Children and Adolescents from São Paulo, Brazil (2013)

The high proportion of HIV-1 BF1 recombinant, coinfection rate and vertical transmission in Brazil merits urgent attention and effective measures to reduce the transmission of HIV among spouses and sex partners.
Studies on the Ability of Alginate to Act as a Protective Immunogen Against Infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Animals (1985)

Most patients with cystic fibrosis become colonized and infected with mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The major component of the mucoid material has been identified as the polysaccharide alginic acid. The present work was undertaken to determine whether antibody to alginate is protective in a model of chronic lung infection with P. aeruginosa in rats. Bacterial clearance was associated with a rise in titers of antibody to alginate. In a number of animals a rise in antibody titers was not seen, and in fact a decrease was noted at 30 days compared with 10 days. This observation suggested the possibility of immune complex formation due to antigen excess. Evidence for immune complex deposition in tissues was obtained by immunofluorescence studies. Thus antibody to alginate may offer strain-dependent protection against chronic lung infection with P. aeruginosa in rats; however, immune complex formation should be considered as a possible consequence of immunization with alginate.
Neuronal activity regulates neurotransmitter switching in the adult brain following light-induced stress (2018)

Neurotransmitter switching in the adult mammalian brain occurs following photoperiod-induced stress, but the mechanism of regulation is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that elevated activity of dopaminergic neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PaVN) in the adult rat is required for the loss of dopamine expression after long-day photoperiod exposure. The transmitter switch occurs exclusively in PaVN dopaminergic neurons that coexpress vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2), is accompanied by a loss of dopamine type 2 receptors (D2Rs) on corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) neurons, and can lead to increased release of CRF. Suppressing activity of all PaVN glutamatergic neurons decreases the number of inhibitory PaVN dopaminergic neurons, indicating homeostatic regulation of transmitter expression in the PaVN.
Selecting Language-Impaired Children for Research Studies: Insights from the San Diego Longitudinal Study (1990)

The need for a standardized approach to the selection of research subjects for studies on language impairment has long been an area of controversy in the literature. The data obtained from the selection of language-impaired and control subjects for the San Diego Longitudinal Study allows one to evaluate the effects a two-stage subject-selection procedure has on the characteristics of the language-impaired and normal subjects selected for research studies. Specifically, what effect do quantitative measures, as compared to clinical judgements and referrals, have on the characteristics of subjects selected for research studies? Explicit and detailed oral and written descriptions of subjects sought for both a language-impaired group and a control group were given to teachers and clinicians. However, only 39 of the first 100 children referred as language-impaired and 29 of the first 60 referred as normal controls were found on standardized testing to meet the study criteria and to be matched on important variables, such as IQ and socioeconomic status. These results demonstrate the importance of establishing quantitative inclusionary as well as exclusionary criteria for selecting and matching subjects in clinical research studies.
Integration of In-Situ Fluid Measurements for Pressure Gradients Calculations (2007)

Abstract Reservoir fluids often show complex compositional behaviors in single columns in equilibrium due to combinations of gravity, capillary and chemical forces. Frequently non equilibrium or non stationary state conditions are also encountered, for instance due to thermal forces acting. Recognizing these behaviors downhole is a complex process that requires a greater number of data points, fluid samples and associated laboratory analysis. Pressure gradients with wireline formation testers are traditionally used to evaluate fluid density, fluid contacts, and layer connectivity in exploration settings. This information is today supplemented by downhole fluid analysis (DFA) measurements to reveal possible reservoir fluid heterogeneities. Although these fluid complexities have been largely recognized, conventional pressure-depth plot and pressure gradient analysis are still performed with traditional straight line regression schemes. This process may however be misleading as fluid compositional changes and compartmentalization give distortions in the pressure gradients, which lead to erroneous interpretations of fluid contacts or pressure seals. Hence the models imposed on the pressure data to calculate pressure gradients need to incorporate a rigorous mathematical approach to respect all data available, so as to follow an objective assessment of reserves and reservoir architectures. This paper presents a method to use combined repeated pressure and in-situ fluid measurements to provide a simple model of vertical fluid distributions, looks at the different regression schemes that can be imposed on pressure data to calculate fluid gradients with their associated uncertainties and concludes on an optimal fit approach. This data integration then allows making assessments and quality control of the different measurements and conclusions about the relevant reservoir heterogeneities. The method is illustrated with a published case study [1] from a North Sea appraisal well, where a large compositional gradient has been observed with in-situ fluid measurements. An equation of state is elaborated from a sample and its PVT experimental results, and a compositional gradient is parametized using the DFA observations at the different depths. A polynomial fit is then given to the distributed pressure measurements and the obtained fluid density variations are compared to the fluid model ones.
eICIC Functionality and Performance for LTE HetNet Co-Channel Deployments (2012)

Different technical solutions are enabling the move from macro-only scenarios towards heterogeneous networks with a mixture of different base station types. In this paper we focus on multi-layer LTE-Advanced networks, and especially address aspects related to co-channel interference management. The network controlled time-domain enhanced inter-cell interference coordination (eICIC) concept is outlined by explaining the benefits and characteristics of this solution. Extensive system level performance results are presented with bursty and non-bursty traffic to demonstrate the eICIC concepts ability to dynamically adapt according to the traffic conditions.
A reattaching free shear layer in compressible turbulent flow - A comparison of numerical and experimental results (1981)

reattachment region and downstream, Unfortunately, in these latter viscous compressible flow interactions, boundary-layer separation and subsequent reattachment are often intimately connected and it
Data-driven political science (2013)

The tutorial will summarize the state-of-the art in the growing area of computational political science. Like many others, this research domain is being revolutionized by the availability of open, big data and the increasing reach and importance of social media. The surging interest on the part of the academic community is matched by intense efforts on the part of political campaigns to use online data in order to learn how to best disseminate information and reach the right potential donors or voters. In this context, a tutorial can summarize existing methods in a fascinating, high-interest area and allow participants with diverse backgrounds to get inspiration from the methods and problems studied. The tutorial will feature seminal research concerning (i) political polarization, (ii) election prediction and polling, and (iii) political campaigning and influence propagation. The goal is not only to familiarize attendees with ideas from related conferences such as WWW, ICWSM or CIKM, but also to present ideas and quantitative methods closer to political science such as Poole's and Rosenthal's NOMINATE score for a politician's political orientation.