gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation and properties of a lectin from the roots of Pisum sativum (Garden pea) (1980)

Abstract The roots of pea ( Pisum sativum L. ev. Feltham First) seedlings contained haemagglutinating activity and a protein which reacted with antibodies directed against pea seed lectin. This protein was shown to be present on the surface of root hairs and in the root cortical cells by immunofluorescence. Lectin (haemagglutinin) was purified from pea seedling roots by both immunoaffinity chromatography and affinity chromatography on Sephadex G‐100. The pea root lectin was similar to the seed lectin when analysed by sodium dodecyl sulphate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and was antigenically identical: however, the isoelectric focussing band patterns of the proteins differed. The sugar specificity of the root lectin differed from that of the seed lectin, and the haemagglutinating activity of the root lectin was less than the seed lectin. These results are discussed with reference to the hypothesis that lectins mediate in the symbiotic association of legume and Rhizobium through their carbohydrate‐binding properties.
Data Supplement from A Search for Novel Cancer/Testis Antigens in Lung Cancer Identifies VCX/Y Genes, Expanding the Repertoire of Potential Immunotherapeutic Targets (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S1. X-chromosomal genes that are more than 2 fold higher in testis compared to other normal tissues in BioGPS database.&lt;/p&gt;
Super-high Dynamic Range Imaging (2014)

We propose a novel high dynamic range (HDR) imaging algorithm for the scenes that contain an extremely wide range of scene radiance. In the HDR imaging, several images are taken under different exposures. Those images usually have displacement from one another due to camera and/or object motions. The challenge of the super HDR imaging is to align those images because any image contains "lost" regions where texture information is completely lost due to overexposure or underexposure. We propose an image alignment algorithm based on similarities of region shapes instead of the similarities of the textures. Experimental comparisons demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms.
Differential signaling responses may promote proliferation and survival of chimeric antigen receptors linked to 4-1BB:CD3ζ. (P4356) (2013)

Abstract Chimeric antigen receptors have been explored clinically with more disappointments than successes. T lymphocytes modified with CARs bearing the CD137 (4-1BB) costimulation domain have been successful in patients with acute and chronic leukemia. We hypothesized that the initial signaling events after CAR-target ligation might identify mechanisms responsible for prolonged persistence in vivo. Human T cells were electroporated with mRNA to express anti-mesothelin chimeric antigen receptors containing either the CD28:CD3ζ domains, 4-1BB:CD3ζ domains or CD3ζ domain alone. CAR T cells expressing the 28ζ domains showed a rapid calcium flux after stimulation with surrogate antigen (mesothelin-Fc fusion protein) that was similar to TCR stimulation via endogenous CD3ζ, but no detectable calcium flux was observed for BBζ or ζ alone CARs. BBζ and ζ alone CARs showed a similar calcium response to 28ζ CAR T cells when stimulated with OKT3. 28ζ CAR T cells also show an intense increase in both proximal and distal phosphoproteins, compared to a moderate increase from BBζ and ζ alone CARs. Here we report that CARs containing 28ζ demonstrate accelerated signaling compared to BBζ and ζ only CARs. These results may have implications for sustainability and effectiveness of CAR-T cells in future clinical studies.
Regulation of Glucose Uptake by Endothelin-1 in Human Skeletal Musclein Vivoandin Vitro (2010)

ET(A)/ET(B) receptor blockade enhances basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in IR subjects. ET-1 directly impairs glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cells via a receptor-dependent mechanism. These data suggest that ET-1 regulates glucose metabolism via receptor-dependent mechanisms in IR subjects.
Nanoparticles Doped Liquid Crystal Filled Photonic Bandgap Fibers (2008)

We infiltrate liquid crystals doped with BaTiO 3 nanoparticles in a photonic crystal fiber and compare the measured transmission spectrum to the one achieved with undoped liquid crystals. New interesting features such as frequency dependent behavior and a transmission spectrum with tunable attenuation on the short wavelength side of the bandgap suggest a potential application of this device as a tunable all-in-fiber gain equalization filter. The tunability of the device is demonstrated by changing the temperature of the liquid crystal and by varying both the amplitude and the frequency of the applied external electric field.
Laser-produced-plasma light source for EUV lithography (2005)

The status of the next generation lithography laser produced plasma light source development at EUVA is presented. The light source is based on a Xenon jet target and a Nd:YAG driver laser. The laser, having a master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) configuration, operates at 10 kHz repetition rate and generates an average output power of 1.5 kW. The fwhm pulsewidth is 6 ns. The EUV system currently delivers an average EUV source power of 9.1 W (2% bandwidth, 2&#960; sr) with a conversion efficiency of 0.6 %. Based on the development it is concluded that solid-state Nd:YAG laser technology can be cost efficiently used to produce 10 W level EUV light sources. In order to generate an average power of 115 W for a future extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light source, however, the cost of a Nd:YAG based LPP source will be too high. Therefore RF-CO<sub>2</sub> laser technology will be used. The designed CO<sub>2</sub> driver laser system has a MOPA configuration. The oscillator has ns-order pulsewidth and the laser system operates at a repetition rate of 100 kHz. Due to its inert cleanliness Xenon droplets will be the target material.
Models for Intra-Domain Presence and Instant Messaging (IM) Bridging (2010)

Presence and Instant Messaging (IM) federation involves the sharing of
presence information and exchange of IM across multiple systems. Most
often, presence and IM federation is assumed to be between different
organizations, such as between two enterprises or between and
enterprise and a service provider. However, federation can occur
within a single organization or domain. This can be the result of a
multi-vendor network, or a consequence of a large organization that
requires partitioning. This document examines different use cases and
models for intra-domain presence and IM federation.
Influence of insulating spacer type on propagation properties of PD-induced electromagnetic wave in GIS (2010)

The authors have studied insulation diagnostic technique of gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) by UHF (ultra high frequency) method. In this paper, the authors investigated the effect of insulating spacer type (metal flange type (MT) or bush type (BT)) on the propagation properties of partial discharge (PD) induced electromagnetic (EM) wave in GIS with UHF method. Low pass filtering process for cutoff frequency of TE11 mode was used to eliminate the higher order mode above TE11 of detected signal. Results revealed that reduction of the magnitude of measured EM waveform by passing through spacers. The reduction was found to be not due to attenuation by the spacer, but mainly due to superimposition of reduced TE mode and TEM mode. Furthermore, the authors investigated relationship between the propagating EM wave in GIS and a leaked EM wave from a BT spacer. This result suggests that insulation diagnosis by a sensor placed outside of GIS could be carried out to detect the leaked EM wave through a BT spacer.
An epidemic model to analyze the dynamics of malware propagation in rechargeable wireless sensor network (2021)

Wireless sensor network (WSN) comprises thousand sensor nodes, which exchange data from each other. Sensor network faces different types of problem such as energy constraint as well as malware attacks. The malware (virus, malicious codes, Trajan horse, worm, etc.) targets sensor node of WSN straightforwardly owing to constraint of resources. The spreading behavior of the malware is similar to the virus spreading in susceptible population. Therefore, prevention method is needed against malware attack in WSN. In this paper, we proposed an epidemic based model which describes the propagation dynamics of malware and depletion of sensor nodes’ energy due to malware attack. Security issue along with energy depletion of sensor node is addressed. The method of low energy sensor nodes charging is considered. The proposed model with consideration of low energy is SILRD (Susceptible-Infectious–Low Energy–Recovered–Dead) model. The charging method of sensor nodes with low energy is incorporated. To describe the dynamics of malware spreading and effect of charging constructed a set of differential equations. The deterrence technique of malware dissemination in WSN is explained. And the effect of charging on WSN is also discussed. The basic reproduction number of the model is also calculated which is used in the analysis of prominence of malware spreading. The points of equilibrium of the system have obtained for malware-free and endemic. And stability condition of WSN and related theorems are discussed in details. The proposed model has been substantiated by simulation results.
Recurrent dyspnea following multiple ablations for atrial fibrillation explained by the “stiff left atrial syndrome” (2012)

We present the case of a patient who underwent repeated ablations for atrial fibrillation and presented with recurrent dyspnea, elevated left atrial pressure with large V waves in the absence of mitral regurgitation. This case provides an example of "stiff left atrial syndrome" as has been described in patients with mitral valve replacement and only recently in patients with radiofrequency ablations for atrial fibrillation.
Contributions to sessions aware frameworks for next generation internet services (2008)

Cette these s'inscrit dans le cadre d'etudes visant a ameliorer la qualite de service d'un serveur internet, mono-serveur ou en grappe, en cas de surcharge ou en cas de panne. En premier lieu, nous recommandons une architecture orientee session pour le traitement efficace de trafic reseau, offert a une grappe de serveurs internet. En effet, il s'avere que, d'un point de vue economique, le traitement a l'echelle session est plus approprie pour l'evaluation de criteres de performance d'un serveur internet. Nous proposons ensuite une architecture flexible garantissant aux services internet une performance adequate, en cas de panne du serveur legitime. En deuxieme lieu, nous nous focalisons sur l'evaluation de mecanismes de controle d'admission implicites, operant a l'echelle session. Nous montrons que le paradigme oriente session ameliore le profit de l'operateur et garantie une QdS aux sessions utilisateurs offertes, independamment de leur duree.
Sensitive quantification of the somatostatin analog AP102 in plasma by ultra‐high pressure liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and application to a pharmacokinetic study in rats (2018)

AP102 is a di-iodinated octapeptide somatostatin agonist (SSA) designed to treat acromegaly and neuroendocrine tumors. A sensitive and selective method was validated for the quantification of AP102 in plasma following the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines. Sample preparation was performed using solid-phase extraction microplates. Chromatographic separation was achieved on an ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC) C18 column in 6.0 minutes. The compounds were quantified using multiple reaction monitoring on a tandem quadrupole mass spectrometer with <sup>13</sup> C,<sup>15</sup> N-labeled AP102 as internal standard. Calibration ranged from 50 to 10000 pg/mL. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was measured at 20 pg/mL, and robust analytical performances were obtained with trueness at 99.2%-100.0%, intra-assay imprecision at 2.5%-4.4%, and inter-assay imprecision at 8.9%-9.7%. The accuracy profiles (total error) built on the 3 concentrations levels showed accuracy within the 70%-130% range. AP102 is remarkably stable since no proteolytic fragments were detected on plasma samples analyzed by Orbitrap-MS. Pharmacokinetic studies were conducted in rats, after single dose (1, 3, and 10 μg/kg, sc) and continuous subcutaneous administration (osmotic minipumps for 28 days, 3.0 or 10.0 μg/kg/h). AP102 showed a rapid absorption by the subcutaneous route (T<sub>max</sub> : 15-30 minutes) and a fast elimination (t<sub>1/2</sub> : 33-86 minutes). The PK profile of AP102 exhibited a mean clearance of 1.67 L/h and a mean distribution volume at steady state of 7.16 L/kg, about 10-fold higher than those observed with other SSA or non- and mono-iodinated AP102. LogD<sub>7.4</sub> determination confirmed the lipophilic properties of AP102 that might influence its distribution in tissues.
Yield grows by X [IC routing architecture to reduce yield loss] (2005)

As semiconductor process technologies continue to scale down, yield - the percentage of good dice per manufactured wafer - has become a more critical issue with each process generation. Until recently, yield loss has been chiefly the concern of chip manufacturers, but the design side of the semiconductor supply chain has become aware that design/process interactions and incompatibilities cannot be addressed solely from the manufacturing side. This article discusses a chip-interconnect architecture that attempts to reduce yield loss by making chips smaller. The X architecture is a chip-interconnect architecture based on the pervasive use of diagonal routing in chips with five or more metal layers. In addition, the X architecture allows 45° wrong-way jogs, providing an additional four degrees of freedom in each layer of routing. The results of recent studies are positive and show that the X architecture can help cut down the yield issues for nanometre designs.
Searching for missing heritability: Designing rare variant association studies (2014)

Genetic studies have revealed thousands of loci predisposing to hundreds of human diseases and traits, revealing important biological pathways and defining novel therapeutic hypotheses. However, the genes discovered to date typically explain less than half of the apparent heritability. Because efforts have largely focused on common genetic variants, one hypothesis is that much of the missing heritability is due to rare genetic variants. Studies of common variants are typically referred to as genomewide association studies, whereas studies of rare variants are often simply called sequencing studies. Because they are actually closely related, we use the terms common variant association study (CVAS) and rare variant association study (RVAS). In this paper, we outline the similarities and differences between RVAS and CVAS and describe a conceptual framework for the design of RVAS. We apply the framework to address key questions about the sample sizes needed to detect association, the relative merits of testing disruptive alleles vs. missense alleles, frequency thresholds for filtering alleles, the value of predictors of the functional impact of missense alleles, the potential utility of isolated populations, the value of gene-set analysis, and the utility of de novo mutations. The optimal design depends critically on the selection coefficient against deleterious alleles and thus varies across genes. The analysis shows that common variant and rare variant studies require similarly large sample collections. In particular, a well-powered RVAS should involve discovery sets with at least 25,000 cases, together with a substantial replication set.
The representation of defaults in cyc (1990)

This paper provides an account of the representation of defaults in Cyc and their semantics in terms of first order logic with reification. Default reasoning is a complex thing, and we have found it beneficial to separate various complex issues whose current best solution is likely to change now and then - such as deciding between extensions, preferring one default to another, etc. - and deal with them explicitly in the knowledge base, thus allowing us to adopt a simple (and hopefully fixed) logical mechanism to handle the basic nonmonotonicity itself. We also briefly describe how this default reasoning scheme is implemented in Cyc.
Prediction of a Larger Local Magnetic Anisotropy in Permalloy (2016)

By means of relativistic, first principles calculations, we investigate the microscopic origin of the vanishingly low magnetic anisotropy of Permalloy. Analyzing the local magnetic anisotropy of th ...
EB1 Targets to Kinetochores with Attached, Polymerizing Microtubules (2002)

Microtubule polymerization dynamics at kinetochores is coupled to chromosome movements, but its regulation there is poorly understood. The plus end tracking protein EB1 is required both for regulating microtubule dynamics and for maintaining a euploid genome. To address the role of EB1 in aneuploidy, we visualized its targeting in mitotic PtK1 cells. Fluorescent EB1, which localized to polymerizing ends of astral and spindle microtubules, was used to track their polymerization. EB1 also associated with a subset of attached kinetochores in late prometaphase and metaphase, and rarely in anaphase. Localization occurred in a narrow crescent, concave toward the centromere, consistent with targeting to the microtubule plus end-kinetochore interface. EB1 did not localize to kinetochores lacking attached kinetochore microtubules in prophase or early prometaphase, or upon nocodazole treatment. By time lapse, EB1 specifically targeted to kinetochores moving antipoleward, coupled to microtubule plus end polymerization, and not during plus end depolymerization. It localized independently of spindle bipolarity, the spindle checkpoint, and dynein/dynactin function. EB1 is the first protein whose targeting reflects kinetochore directionality, unlike other plus end tracking proteins that show enhanced kinetochore binding in the absence of microtubules. Our results suggest EB1 may modulate kinetochore microtubule polymerization and/or attachment.
Discrepancies in the in vitro and in vivo role of scavenger receptors in clearance of nanoparticles by Kupffer cells (2018)

Nanoparticles are recognized and cleared by Kupffer cells (KCs) in the liver. This process complicates the development of targeted nanoparticles because of significant reduction of number of nanoparticles that can reach target tissues. Macrophage scavenger receptor SR type AI/II is the central phagocytic receptor that has been shown to promote in vitro uptake of many nanoparticle types. In this paper, the authors set out to clarify the role of SR-AI/II in the in vivo liver clearance of 10kDa dextran superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) Feridex-IV® and 20kDa dextran-coated SPIO nanoworms (SPIO NWs). Feridex showed efficient SR-AI/II-dependent uptake by isolated KCs in vitro, whereas SPIO NWs showed no uptake by KCs. Both Feridex and SPIO NWs showed a very short and nearly identical circulation half-life and efficient uptake by KCs in vivo. The SR-AI/II inhibitor, polyinosinic acid, prolonged the circulation half-life of both Feridex and SPIO NWs, but did not reduce the KC uptake. The circulation half-life and KC uptake of Feridex and SPIO NWs were identical in SR-AI/II-deficient mice and wild-type mice. These data suggest: (1) there is a limited correlation between in vitro and in vivo uptake mechanisms of nanoparticles in KCs; and (2) redundant, SR-AI/II independent mechanisms play a significant role in the nanoparticle recognition by KCs in vivo. Understanding the complexity of nanoparticle clearance assays and mechanisms is an important step to improving the design of “stealthy” nanoparticles.
Evidence of nanoscale Anderson localization induced by intrinsic compositional disorder in InGaN/GaN quantum wells by scanning tunneling luminescence spectroscopy (2018)

We present direct experimental evidence of Anderson localization induced by the intrinsic alloy compositional disorder of InGaN/GaN quantum wells. Our approach relies on the measurement of the luminescence spectrum under local injection of electrons from a scanning tunneling microscope tip into a near-surface single quantum well. Fluctuations in the emission line shape are observed on a few-nanometer scale. Narrow emission peaks characteristic of single localized states are resolved. Calculations in the framework of the localization landscape theory provide the effective confining potential map stemming from composition fluctuations. This theory explains well the observed nanometer scale carrier localization and the energies of these Anderson-type localized states. The energy spreading of the emission from localized states is consistent with the usually observed very broad photo- or electroluminescence spectra of InGaN/GaN quantum well structures.
Microfabricated silicon-on-Pyrex passive wireless wall shear stress sensor (2011)

This paper presents the design, fabrication, and characterization of a passive wireless sensor for the measurement of wall shear stress. A micromachined variable-capacitor shear stress transducer is realized using a silicon-on-Pyrex microfabrication process. The design features a diamond-shaped 2.25 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> silicon floating-element to accommodate more comb fingers for improved capacitive transduction in a smaller die area. The variable-capacitor device is connected to a fixed inductor on a printed circuit board to enable passive wireless sensing. The nominal resonant frequency of the device is 168 MHz with a quality factor of 8.6. Calibrations of static shear stress in a flow cell show a linear response to over 4 Pa, with a frequency-shift sensitivity of 474 kHz/Pa (1.1% full scale). Theoretically a minimum detectable shear stress of 4.1 mPa can be resolved giving a 61.7 dB dynamic range.
XED: Exposing On-Die Error Detection Information for Strong Memory Reliability (2016)

Large-granularity memory failures continue to be a critical impediment to system reliability. To make matters worse, as DRAM scales to smaller nodes, the frequency of unreliable bits in DRAM chips continues to increase. To mitigate such scaling-related failures, memory vendors are planning to equip existing DRAM chips with On-Die ECC. For maintaining compatibility with memory standards, On-Die ECC is kept invisible from the memory controller. This paper explores how to design high reliability memory systems in presence of On-Die ECC. We show that if On-Die ECC is not exposed to the memory system, having a 9- chip ECC-DIMM (implementing SECDED) provides almost no reliability benefits compared to an 8-chip non-ECC DIMM. We also show that if the error detection of On-Die ECC can be exposed to the memory controller, then Chipkill-level reliability can be achieved even with a 9-chip ECC-DIMM. To this end, we propose eXposed On-Die Error Detection (XED), which exposes the On-Die error detection information without requiring changes to the memory standards or consuming bandwidth overheads. When the On-Die ECC detects an error, XED transmits a pre-defined "catch-word" instead of the corrected data value. On receiving the catch-word, the memory controller uses the parity stored in the 9-chip of the ECC-DIMM to correct the faulty chip (similar to RAID-3). Our studies show that XED provides Chipkill-level reliability (172x higher than SECDED), while incurring negligible overheads, with a 21% lower execution time than Chipkill. We also show that XED can enable Chipkill systems to provide Double-Chipkill level reliability while avoiding the associated storage, performance, and power overheads.
Autologous conjunctival epithelium transplantation and scleral patch graft for postlensectomy wound leakage in Marfan syndrome (2012)

Transplantation of autologous cultivated conjunctival epithelium appears to be a valid strategy in the treatment of ocular disease requiring extensive excision of the conjunctiva.