gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low band UWB BPF using CRLH-TL metamaterial structure (2011)

The design of a new UWB lower-half bandpass filter is proposed, which is based upon the microstrip Composite Right-and Left-Handed Transmission-line (CRLH-TL) metamaterial. Particularly, the interdigital coupled (IDC) lines of the CRLH geometry are proposed to be separated by inserting open stubs to meet the specs on the passband. Also, there is another pair of stubs to complete the design in a limited space. The measurement is shown to be acceptable and agreeable with the circuit and Electromagnetic field simulations.
Regional Differences in Tear Film Stability and Meibomian Glands in Patients With Aqueous-Deficient Dry Eye (2015)

Compared to normal eyes, aqueous-deficient dry eyes show significant regional differences in tear film stability and meibomian glands. Considering these regional differences, the overall observation of the ocular surface, including both upper and lower eyelids, will aid clinicians in understanding this condition better.
Elaidate, an 18‐Carbon Trans‐monoenoic Fatty Acid, but Not Physiological Fatty Acids Increases Intracellular Zn2+ in Human Macrophages (2014)

Artificial trans fatty acids promote atherosclerosis by blocking macrophage clearance of cell debris. Classical fatty-acid response mechanisms include TLR4-NF-κB activation, and Erk1/2 phosphorylation, but these may not indicate long-term mechanisms. Indeed, nuclear NF-κB was increased by 60 min treatment by 30 μM of the 18 carbon trans unsaturated fatty acid elaidic acid (elaidate), the physiological cis-unsaturated fatty acid oleic acid (oleate), and the 18 or 16 carbon saturated fatty acids stearic and palmitic acid (stearate or palmitate). However, except for stearate, effects on related pathways were minimal at 44 h. To determine longer term effects of trans fatty acids, we compared mRNA expression profiles of (trans) elaidate to (cis) oleate, 30 μM, at 44 h in human macrophages. We found that elaidate changed Zn(2+) -homeostasis gene mRNAs markedly. This might be important because Zn(2+) is a major regulator of macrophage activity. Messenger RNAs of seven Zn(2+) -binding metallothioneins decreased 2-4-fold; the zinc importer SLC39A10 increased twofold, in elaidate relative to oleate-treated cells. Results were followed by quantitative PCR comparing cis, trans, and saturated fatty acid effects on Zn(2+) -homeostasis gene mRNAs. This confirmed that elaidate uniquely decreased metallothionein expression and increased SLC39A10 at 44 h. Further, intracellular Zn(2+) was measured using N-(carboxymethyl)-N-[2-[2-[2(carboxymethyl) amino]-5-(2,7,-difluoro-6-hydroxy-3-oxo-3H-xanthen-9-yl)-phenoxy]-ethoxy]-4-methoxyphenyl]glycine, acetoxymethyl ester (FluoZin-3-AM). This showed that, at 44 h, only cells treated with elaidate had increased Zn(2+) . The durable effect of elaidate on Zn(2+) activation is a novel and specific effect of trans fatty acids on peripheral macrophage metabolism.
Dynamic Behavior of High-Power Diodes Analyzed by EBIC (2006)

A setup is described which allows investigations of electric field distributions in the top layers of a dynamically driven power device by means of time-resolved electron beam induced currents (EBIC). Functionality of the field termination structures, e.g. guard rings can be visualized under transient bias conditions. Reverse and forward recovery of an 800-V diode was investigated by this technique and the obtained results were compared to EBIC-maps recorded on a statically biased device
Robust volumetric change detection using mutual information with 3D fractals (2014)

We discuss a robust method for quantifying change of multi-temporal remote sensing point data in the presence of affine registration errors. Three dimensional image processing algorithms can be used to extract and model an electronic module, consisting of a self-contained assembly of electronic components and circuitry, using an ultrasound scanning sensor. Mutual information (MI) is an effective measure of change. We propose a multi-resolution 3D fractal algorithm which is a novel extension to MI or regional mutual information (RMI). Our method is called fractal mutual information (FMI). This extension efficiently takes neighborhood fractal patterns of corresponding voxels (3D pixels) into account. The goal of this system is to quantify the change in a module due to tampering and provide a method for quantitative and qualitative change detection and analysis.
Scalable and Efficient Geographic Routing in Mobile Ad Hoc Wireless\n Networks (2014)

We propose and evaluate a scalable position-publish and an accompanying\nrouting protocol which is efficient despite operating with imperfect\ninformation regarding the destination's location. The traffic generated by our\nposition-publish protocol fits within the transport capacity of large mobile ad\nhoc networks (MANETs) with constant communication bandwidth allocated for\nrouting overhead, even as the network size increases. The routing protocol\nguarantees, with high probability, routes whose lengths are within a constant\n"stretch" factor of the shortest path from source to destination. The key idea\nunderlying the scalability of the publish protocol is for each potential\ndestination node to send location updates (with frequency decaying with\ndistance) to a subset of network nodes, structured as annular regions around it\n(the natural approach of updating circular regions in distance-dependent\nfashion does not scale). The routing protocol must therefore account for the\nfact that the source and/or relay nodes may not have estimates of the\ndestination's location (or may have stale estimates). Spatial and temporal\nscaling of protocol parameters are chosen so as to guarantee scalability, route\nreliability and route stretch, and these analytical design prescriptions are\nverified using simulations.\n
0074 Pharmacologic And Optogenetic Dissection Of Sleep Homeostatic Circuits In The Basal Forebrain (2018)

Selective optogenetic stimulation of basal forebrain (BF) neuronal subtypes, Cholinergic (ChAT+), vesicular glutamate transporter2-expressing glutamatergic (vGluT2+) and parvalbumin-expressing GABAergic (PV+), causes arousal. However, it is unclear if they are equally effective in eliciting a homeostatic sleep response (HSR). The importance of interactions between these cell-types in the HSR has not previously been investigated. Thus, we used optogenetics and reverse microdialysis of pharmacological agents to investigate these questions. C57BL/6 (WT) mice were sleep deprived (6h) with and without reverse microdialysis of cholinergic antagonists into BF. The amount of recovery sleep and delta activity (0.5–4.5Hz) were used as the markers of HSR. In ChAT-Cre, vGluT2-Cre, PV-Cre transgenic mice transduced with AAV-ChR2-EYFP in BF, we examined the effect of 6h laser (473nm) illuminations (5s/min, 10 Hz for ChAT+ and vGluT2+, 40Hz for PV+) on HSR, during the 2h poststimulation period and compared it with time matched sham stimulation (BL, TTLpulse without laser). In ChAT-Cre mice we performed optodialysis of cholinergic antagonists during 6h optical stimulation and examined the post stimulation HSR. In WT mice (n=4) microdialysis of cholinergic antagonists did not prevent HSR, as evaluated by an increase in sleep time (36%) and delta power (8.14%, p<0.001). Optogenetic stimulation of ChAT+ neurons (N=3), led to an increase in sleep (BL 52.6 ± 0.56 vs poststim 57 ± 2.88) and delta by 24% during the 2h poststimulation compared to BL, that was not blocked by cholinergic antagonist. In contrast, GABA/PV+ neuronal stimulation did not cause HSR. Optogenetic stimulation of vGluT2+ neurons in 1 mouse, showed a tendency towards HSR. Preliminary results suggest that ChAT+ and vGluT2+, but not PV+ neurons, are involved in mediating HSR. Furthermore, local effects of acetylcholine on non-ChAT+ neurons are not required for HSR. These results, together with previous cholinergic lesion studies, suggest a model whereby direct or indirect excitation of ChAT+ neurons (via vGluT2+ neurons) is key to trigger HSR. VA I01BX001404, I01BX001356, I01BX002774, IK2BX002130, NIH R21NS079866, R01MH039683, P01HL095491, R01MH099180, R03-MH107650. JTM received partial salary from Merck MISP, no COI with this work.
Comparative impact of tart cherry‐enriched diets on metabolic syndrome and inflammation in rats fed high versus low carbohydrate diets (2008)

Previous studies show that diet provision of anthocyanin‐rich extracts reduces phenotypes of metabolic syndrome. Our group tested the dietary relevance of these findings using a whole‐foods approach with anthocyanin‐rich tart cherries. We compared the effects of tart cherry‐enriched diets in lean Zucker rats, isocalorically pair‐fed a low‐fat/high carbohydrate diet (LFHC, 10% kcal from fat, 75% from carbohydrate) versus a high‐fat/moderate carbohydrate diet (HFLC, 45% kcal from fat, 40% from carbohydrate). Diets were supplemented with either 1% freeze‐dried tart cherry powder or 0.85% extra carbohydrate (1:1 glucose:fructose). Measures include fasting glucose, total triglycerides, total cholesterol, insulin, plasma IL‐6 and TNF‐alpha, organ weights, and fat pad mass. Results showed that the cherry provision reduced cholesterol in both diets. The LFHC diet significantly increased plasma triglycerides, an effect that was significantly attenuated in cherry‐fed rats. While cherry provision did not affect body weight, cherry was associated with reduced the visceral fat in LFHC‐fed rats. Cherry‐fed rats also displayed reduced IL‐6 and TNF‐alpha in the HFLC‐fed rats. The findings suggest that tart cherry‐enriched diets reduce plasma triglycerides, central adiposity, and systemic inflammation, known risk factors for Type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Supported f-element organometallic complexes surface chemistry and catalysis: Technical progress report, March 15, 1987-December 28, 1987 (1987)

The goal of this research program is to understand how the reactivity of organometallic molecules is dramatically altered by adsorption on inorganic supports such as ..gamma..-alumina, silica, magnesium chloride, etc. While the initial focus of this research concerned the catalytic properties of organoactinides adsorbed on alumina, the effort has now expanded in a number of new directions. These include new supports, new surface spectroscopic techniques, detailed studies of reaction kinetics, new metals, and new connections with solution chemistry.
Development of a Non-invasive Cerebrovascular Status Algorithm to Estimate Cerebral Perfusion Pressure and Intracranial Pressure in a Porcine Model of Focal Brain Injury (2018)

A novel ICP or CPP monitor based on the arterial pressure signal produced a very close approximation to actual measured ICP and CPP and warrants further evaluation.
Measuring low energy atmospheric neutrino spectra with the JUNO detector (2021)

Atmospheric neutrinos are one of the most relevant natural neutrino sources that can be exploited to infer properties about Cosmic Rays and neutrino oscillations. The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) experiment, a 20 kton liquid scintillator detector with excellent energy resolution is currently under construction in China. JUNO will be able to detect several atmospheric neutrinos per day given the large volume. A study on the JUNO detection and reconstruction capabilities of atmospheric $\nu_e$ and $\nu_\mu$ fluxes is presented in this paper. In this study, a sample of atmospheric neutrinos Monte Carlo events has been generated, starting from theoretical models, and then processed by the detector simulation. The excellent timing resolution of the 3 PMT light detection system of JUNO detector and the much higher light yield for scintillation over Cherenkov allow to measure the time structure of the scintillation light with very high precision. Since $\nu_e$ and $\nu_\mu$ interactions produce a slightly different light pattern, the different time evolution of light allows to discriminate the flavor of primary neutrinos. A probabilistic unfolding method has been used, in order to infer the primary neutrino energy spectrum from the detector experimental observables. The simulated spectrum has been reconstructed between 100 MeV and 10 GeV, showing a great potential of the detector in the atmospheric low energy region.
Performing quantitative MFM measurements on soft magnetic nanostructures (2012)

We have extended our previous work (Rawlings et al 2010 Phys. Rev. B 82 085404) on simulating magnetic force microscopy (MFM) images for magnetically soft samples to include an accurate representation of coated MFM tips. We used an array of square 500 nm nanomagnets to evaluate our improved MFM model. A quantitative comparison between model and experiment was performed for lift heights ranging from 20 to 100 nm. No fitting parameters were used in our comparison. For all lift heights the qualitative agreement between model and experiment was significantly improved. At low lift heights, where the magnetic signal was strong, the difference between theory and experiment was less than 30%.
Using tactile and visual sensing with a robotic hand (2002)

Most robotic hands are either sensorless or lack the ability to accurately and robustly report position and force information relating to contact. This paper describes a robotic hand system that uses a limited set of native-joint position and force sensing along with custom-designed tactile sensors and real-time vision modules to accurately compute finger contacts and applied forces for grasping tasks. Three experiments are described: integration of real-time visual trackers in conjunction with internal strain gauge sensing to correctly localize and compute finger forces, determination of contact points on the inner and outer links of a finger through tactile sensing and visual sensing, and determination of vertical displacement by tactile sensing for a grasping task.
MCPIP1 Deficiency Increases Insulin Sensitivity But Impairs Hepatic Insulin Sig- nal Transduction in Mice (2015)

MCPIP1 Deficiency Increases Insulin Sensitivity But Impairs Hepatic Insulin Signal Transduction in Mice Brett B. Holdaway2, Joshua D. Moody2, Lauren F. Brooks2, Mingui Fu3, Pappachan Kolattukudy4, and Yingzi Chang1* 1Department of Pharmacology, Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine, A.T. Still University of Health Sciences, Kirksville, Missouri, USA 2Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kirksville, Missouri, USA 3Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA 4Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA *Corresponding author: Dr. Yingzi Chang, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Pharmacology, Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine, A.T. Still University of Health Sciences, 800 West Jefferson Street, Kirksville, MO 63501, Tel: 1-660-626-2327; Fax: 1-660-627-2728; Email: ychang@atsu.edu Received: 07-01-2015 Accepted: 09-08-2015 Published: 10-09-2015 Copyright: © 2015 Yingzi Original Research
Sexual function after fractional microablative CO2laser in women with vulvovaginal atrophy (2014)

Fractional microablative CO2 laser treatment is associated with a significant improvement of sexual function and satisfaction with sexual life in postmenopausal women with VVA symptoms.
Filtering, Reductions and Synchronization in the Anton 2 Network (2015)

Parallel implementations of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation require significant inter-node communication, but off-chip communication bandwidth is not scaling as quickly as on-chip logic density. We present three network features targeting this problem that have been implemented in Anton 2, a massively parallel special-purpose supercomputer for MD simulations. The first is a mechanism to dynamically identify packets that do not need to be delivered to all endpoints within a multicast tree, these packets are filtered to conserve network bandwidth. The second is hardware for in-network reductions that supports over a thousand concurrent neighbourhood reductions per node and fast all-to-all global reductions. The third is a log-weight synchronization mechanism for multicast-reduce communication patterns that can be used to efficiently detect the completion of reduction operations when the number of summands is difficult to predict. We use the combination of packet filtering, in-network reductions and log-weight synchronization to decrease the communication requirements of MD simulations by as much as 51% on Anton 2, yielding application-level performance improvements of up to 14%.
A System for Clinical Use of Endoscopic Optical Coherence Tomography (2018)

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) allows non-invasive high-resolution imaging of tissues. With a penetration depth of a few millimeters it's possible to image the tympanic membrane and the close-by part of the tympanum, e.g. for diagnostics of otitis media and middle ear effusion. In the field of in vivo examination there are difficulties in access to the human tympanic membrane due to the narrow and curved external ear canal. We report a compact endoscopic OCT system for use in clinical research.
Analysis of Pressure Drop and Water Flooding of Two-Phase Flow Along Channels for a PEM Fuel Cell System (2009)

The flow in gas flow channels of an operating polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell has a two-phase characteristic that includes air, water vapor and liquid water and significantly affects the water flooding, pressure distribution along the channels, and subsequently the performance of the cell and system. Presence of liquid water in channels prevents transport of the reactants to the catalysts and increases the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of channels, which leads to high parasitic power of pumps used in air and fuel supply systems. We propose a model that enables prediction of pressure drop and liquid water distribution along channels and analysis of water flooding in an operating fuel cell. The model was developed based on a gas-liquid two-phase separated flow that considers the variations of gas pressure, mass flow rate, relative humidity, viscosity, void fraction, and density along the channels on both sides. Effects of operating parameters that include stoichoimetric ratio, relative humidity, and inlet pressure on the pressure drop and water flooding along the channels were analyzed.
Gathering and Synthesizing Information During the Development of User Requirements and Engineering Specifications (2020)

Abstract ERM - RESEARCH PAPER Gathering and synthesizing information during the development of user requirements and engineering specificationsGathering and synthesizing information are crucial aspects of design, especially in thedevelopment of user requirements and translation to engineering specifications. The processes ofinformation and data gathering and synthesis are unique to technical engineering problemsolving. Engineering coursework tends to emphasize summary writing, in which students mustdevelop an idea based on information they are provided. In design work, however, students mustengage in a process similar to explanatory writing, in which decisions are justified with data orinformation gathered and synthesized by the students themselves. This advanced informationprocessing task is often further complicated by conflicting information, questionable datasources, and advanced technical topics. Studies of student designers have shown that more timespent gathering information has been positively correlated with final design quality, and thatexperts spend more time gathering information than novices. While previous studies havefocused on the collection of information during design, few studies have looked at how studentssynthesize and then use the information collected.A pilot study was conducted with six design teams comprising twenty-seven senior mechanicaland biomedical engineering students in order to gain a better understanding of how engineeringstudents collect, synthesize, and use information during the development of user requirements fortheir capstone design project. Student design teams were asked to write-up user requirementdevelopment plans that represented what information sources they would consult in order todefine their user requirements. These plans were then compared to the students' actual userrequirements presented during the first and second design reviews. Semi-structured interviewswere then conducted with four design teams in order to better understand the differences betweenstudents' plans and execution. The user requirement plans, both design reviews, and interviewtranscriptions were combined for analysis. A comparative analysis showed that studentsoriginally planned to gather information from many sources and synthesize this information todevelop user requirements however, in practice, they focused on a much smaller number ofinformation sources compared with the information sources identified during the planning stage.Furthermore, students made little indication that they combined multiple sources to justify theiruser requirements focusing instead on a single information source without justifying thispreference. These results suggest that while students realize, in theory, the value of gathering andsynthesizing diverse information, they reverted to a more simplistic one-to-one matching of userrequirements and information sources.
Estrogen Receptor Antagonists Are Anti-Cryptococcal Agents That Directly Bind EF Hand Proteins and Synergize with FluconazoleIn Vivo (2014)

Worldwide, cryptococcosis affects approximately 1 million people annually and kills more HIV/AIDS patients per year than tuberculosis. The gold standard therapy for cryptococcosis is amphotericin B plus 5-flucytosine, but this regimen is not readily available in regions where resources are limited and where the burden of disease is highest. Herein, we show that molecules related to the breast cancer drug tamoxifen are fungicidal for Cryptococcus and display a number of pharmacological properties desirable for an anti-cryptococcal drug, including synergistic fungicidal activity with fluconazole in vitro and in vivo, oral bioavailability, and activity within macrophages. We have also demonstrated that this class of molecules targets calmodulin as part of their mechanism of action and that tamoxifen analogs with increased calmodulin antagonism have improved anti-cryptococcal activity. Taken together, these results indicate that tamoxifen is a pharmacologically attractive scaffold for the development of new anti-cryptococcal drugs and provide a mechanistic basis for its further optimization.