gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Wnt-1 monoclonal antibody in sarcoma cells (2005)

Our results indicate that Wnt-1 blockade by either monoclonal antibody or siRNA induces cell death in sarcoma cells. These data suggest that Wnt-1 may be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of a subset of sarcoma cells in which Wnt-1/beta-catenin signaling is active.
Intrachromosomal rearrangements fusing L-myc and rlf in small-cell lung cancer. (1991)

Chromosomal abnormalities affecting proto-oncogenes are frequently detected in human cancer. Oncogenes of the myc family are activated in several types of tumors as a result of gene amplification or chromosomal translocation. We have recently found the L-myc gene involved in a gene fusion in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). This results in a chimeric protein with amino-terminal sequences from a novel gene named rif joined to L-myc. Here we present a preliminary structural characterization of the rlf-L-myc fusion gene, which has been found only in cells with an amplified L-myc gene. In addition, we have used somatic cell hybrids to assign the normal rlf locus to the same chromosome (chromosome 1) on which L-myc resides. Finally, we have been able to establish a physical linkage between rif and L-myc with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Our results demonstrate that normal rlf and L-myc genes are separated by less than 800 kb of DNA. Thus, the rlf-L-myc gene fusions are due to similar but not identical intrachromosomal rearrangements at 1p32. The presence of independent genetic lesions that cause the formation of identical chimeric rlf-L-myc proteins suggests a role for the fusion protein in the development of these tumors.
A new design of four-pass dye laser amplifier and suppression of amplified spontaneous emission (1998)

We have demonstrated a new design of a four-pass dye laser amplifier that can suppress parasitic oscillation in a multi-pass amplifier. Amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) in the output beam of the amplifier is reduced with a diffraction grating. A high-peak power pulsed dye laser beam is obtained by amplifying a continuous-wave narrow-bandwidth dye laser with power gain greater than 2 X 10<SUP>6</SUP>. The eventual bandwidth of the pulses is measured to be approximately 130 MHz. The obtained ASE ratio of the four- pass amplifier system is < 1.5%. Also, we have obtained a high-resolution coherent anti-Stoke Raman spectrum of oxygen in air using the laser system.
178 Gb/s Short-Range Optical Transmission Based on OFDM, Electrical Up-Conversion and Signal Combining (2016)

We demonstrate our improved wideband OFDM transmission system, using electrical upconversion and signal combining. Transmission rates of 178 Gb/s over 2 km of SSMF were achieved with an IM/DD system on a single wavelength and single polarization.
Amplification of low-frequency antiviral CD8 T cell responses using autologous dendritic cells (2002)

This assay will prove useful for the detection of memory T cells present at low frequency, and may be of interest for identifying subdominant cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes. This method may have broad applications for the detection of antiviral CD8 T cell responses in patient populations in whom such responses have been difficult to detect, including HIV-1-seropositive individuals with advanced disease or undergoing HAART.
Auditor independence and accounting conservatism (2015)

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the efficacy of the current legislative provisions that protect auditor independence in Australia. The collapses of several high-profile companies (Enron and WorldCom in the USA, HIH insurance and OneTel in Australia) in the early 2000s has raised questions about audit quality and independence. In response, regulators have introduced new regulations and guidance to improve audit quality. In Australia, the Corporations Act 2001 (2001) was amended via the Corporate Law Economic Reform Program Act 2004. This study poses the question: do non-audit service fees influence the level of accounting conservatism? Design/methodology/approach – The sample used in this analysis consists of all available Australian listed companies from the years 2006 till 2010. Findings – Using multiple measures of accounting conservatism and the auditor-client economic bond, our results suggest that the level of the economic bond between the auditor and the client does not significantly influence the level of accounting conservatism. Originality/value – Our results demonstrate that the combination of intrinsic market mechanisms and regulation in Australia sufficiently protect auditor independence.
Synthesis of Thienopyrimidine Derivatives as Inhibitors of STAT3 (2019)

A series of thienopyrimidine compounds (6Aa-g and 6Ba-d) were synthesized and characterized by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. These compounds (6Aa-g and 6Ba-d) potently inhibited STAT3 expression induced by IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 5.73-0.32 μM. Among the prepared thienopyrimidine derivatives, 6Aa, 6Ab, 6Ba and 6Bc significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of STAT3 and ERK1/2 stimulated by IL-6 in Hep3B cells. Furthermore, the synthesized compounds might be useful remedies for the treatment of inflammatory diseases by inhibiting the action of IL-6.
Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Ion-Containing Polymers. (2019)

Abstract not provided.
ChemInform Abstract: Halogenation of Pyrazoloquinolines and Pyrazoloisoquinolines. Theoretical Analysis of the Regioreactivity and Cross‐Coupling of 3‐Halogen Derivatives. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A(1-7) reduces pathologies associated with SLE in MRL-lpr mice (2018)

Abstract Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) suffer from a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that causes damage to various organ systems. Even with the array of current treatments, patients with lupus are still in need of effective therapies to treat this complex, multi-system disease. Recent studies of the Renin Angiotensin System (RAS), widely known for its role in blood pressure regulation, have uncovered immunomodulatory effects. One of the more recently discovered components of RAS, angiotensin (1-7) [A(1-7)], is a bioactive peptides that affects various systems. In our study, MRL-lpr mice were treated daily with saline or A(1-7) for 6 weeks starting at 8 weeks of age. Proteinuria was monitored throughout the duration of the study. MRL-lpr mice treated with saline had higher levels of proteinuria compared to the MRL/MpJ- control mice, and A(1-7) treated MRL-lpr mice. A glomerulonephritis score revealed that the MRL-lpr mice had significant glomerular pathologies compared to MRL-MpJ mice of the same age. A(1-7) treatment significantly reduced the glomerular pathologies in the MRL-lpr mice. Treatment with A(1-7) reduced the size of both inguinal and axillary lymph nodes in MRl-lpr mice, and levels of anti-dsDNA IgG compared to the saline treated MRL-lpr mice. Treatment with A(1-7) also significantly reduced the severity of cutaneous pathologies resulting in only mild inflammation and hair loss compared to the saline treated MRL-lpr mice. Daily systemic treatment with A(1-7) significantly ameliorated disease in one of the most severe mouse models of SLE, making Mas agonists a potential target for future SLE therapies.
Covalent Monofunctionalization of Peptide-Coated Quantum Dots for Single-Molecule Assays (2010)

Fluorescent probes for biological imaging of single molecules (SM) have many stringent design requirements. In the case of quantum dot (QD) probes, it remains a challenge to control their functional properties with high precision. Here, we describe the simple preparation of QDs with reduced size and monovalency. Our approach combines a peptide surface coating, stable covalent conjugation of targeting units and purification by gel electrophoresis. We precisely characterize these probes by ensemble and SM techniques and apply them to tracking individual proteins in living cells.
Informative Bayesian model selection for RR Lyrae star classifiers (2021)

ABSTRACT Machine learning has achieved an important role in the automatic classification of variable stars, and several classifiers have been proposed over the last decade. These classifiers have achieved impressive performance in several astronomical catalogues. However, some scientific articles have also shown that the training data therein contain multiple sources of bias. Hence, the performance of those classifiers on objects not belonging to the training data is uncertain, potentially resulting in the selection of incorrect models. Besides, it gives rise to the deployment of misleading classifiers. An example of the latter is the creation of open-source labelled catalogues with biased predictions. In this paper, we develop a method based on an informative marginal likelihood to evaluate variable star classifiers. We collect deterministic rules that are based on physical descriptors of RR Lyrae stars, and then, to mitigate the biases, we introduce those rules into the marginal likelihood estimation. We perform experiments with a set of Bayesian logistic regressions, which are trained to classify RR Lyraes, and we found that our method outperforms traditional non-informative cross-validation strategies, even when penalized models are assessed. Our methodology provides a more rigorous alternative to assess machine learning models using astronomical knowledge. From this approach, applications to other classes of variable stars and algorithmic improvements can be developed.
Evidence of Entropy-Driven Bistability through 15N NMR Analysis of a Temperature- and Solvent-Induced, Chiroptical Switching Polycarbodiimide (2013)

The thermo- and solvo-driven chiroptical switching process observed in specific polycarbodiimides occurs in a concerted fashion with large deviations in specific optical rotation (OR) and CD Cotton effect as a consequence of varying populations of two distinct polymer conformations. These two conformations are clearly visible in the (15)N NMR and IR spectra of the (15)N-labeled poly((15)N-(1-naphthyl)-N'-octadecylcarbodiimide) (Poly-3) and poly((15)N-(1-naphthyl)-(15)N'-octadecylcarbodiimide) (Poly-5). Using van't Hoff analysis, the enthalpies and entropies of switching (ΔHswitching; ΔSswitching) were calculated for both Poly-3 and Poly-5 using the relative integrations of both peaks in the (15)N NMR spectra at different temperatures to measure the populations of each state. The chiroptical switching (i.e., transitioning from state A to state B) was found to be an endothermic process (positive ΔHswitching) for both Poly-3 and Poly-5 in all solvents studied, meaning the conformation correlating with the downfield chemical shift (ca. 148 ppm, state B) is the higher enthalpy state. The compensating factor behind this phenomenon has been determined to be the large increase in entropy in CHCl3 as a result of the switching. Herein, we propose that the increased entropy in the system is a direct consequence of increased disorder in the solvent as the switching occurs. Specifically, the chloroform solvent molecules are very ordered around the polymer chains due to favorable solvent-polymer interactions, but as the switching occurs, these interactions become less favorable and disorder results. The same level of solvent disorder is not achieved in toluene, causing the chiroptical switching process to occur at higher temperatures.
Efficient implementation of Filtering-Direction-Controlled Digital TV Filter for image denoising (2015)

We propose the efficient implementation of Filtering-Direction-Controlled Digital Total-Variation Filter (FDC-DTVF) for real-time image denoising. FDC-DTVF produces a clear image compared to the conventional pixel-based denoising methods, but has not yet to be considered regarding its efficient implementation. We conduct algorithm optimization by reusing a calculated criterion that is newly introduced in FDC-DTVF, since the criterion is almost invariant in each step of the iterative process. We also conducted a software implementation so we can more efficiently use the CPU resource. The simulation results showed that our implementation achieves the real-time processing for a VGA video, while maintaining the image denoising performance.
Qualitative and quantitative determination of oil base mud using non-negative matrix factorization (2016)

The aim of this study was to develop an off-line, fast, efficient and reliable analytical methodology, capable to determine, both qualitatively and quantitatively, the content of a common oil base mud filtrate in contaminated formation fluids samples. We demonstrate the performance of a methodology based on Gel-Permeation Chromatographic (GPC) analytical signals, combined with a modified factorization algorithm to estimate the oil fractions and an optimization procedure to calculate their concentrations within the mixtures. The proposed scheme is innovatively applied for the determination of the mud filtrate in contaminated oil samples and self-adapted to data without any former information. The results of this work indicate the efficiency of the algorithmic framework to reveal the content of a complex petroleum mixture analyzing the chromatograms of a limited number of samples. The presented technique has a great potential in upstream oil industry, enabling the un-mixing of analytical signals from mixtures of oil samples contaminated with specific petroleum fractions.
Antisense clusterin oligodeoxynucleotides increase the response of HER‐2 gene amplified breast cancer cells to Trastuzumab (2005)

Clusterin (CLU) is a heterodimeric secreted glycoprotein implicated in several physiological and pathological processes including cancer. Although recent data showed that overexpression of CLU is closely associated with disease progression in patients with breast tumor, the functional role of CLU expression in this tumor hystotype remains to be determined. The objectives in this study were to evaluate CLU expression levels after treatment with Trastuzumab, a HER2-targeted monoclonal antibody used in the clinical management of advanced breast cancer patients, and to test the usefulness of combined treatment with OGX-011, the second generation 2'-methoxyethyl gapmer oligonucleotides targeting the CLU gene, and Trastuzumab in this tumor hystotype. By using the HER-2 gene amplified-BT474 human breast cancer cells, we found Trastuzumab decreased HER-2 expression and inhibited cell proliferation without affecting apoptosis. Interestingly, Trastuzumab treatment up-regulated CLU protein expression in a dose-dependent fashion. We therefore hypothesized that the treatment with OGX-011, by blocking Trastuzumab-induced CLU expression, might potentiate the growth-inhibitory effect of Trastuzumab alone. Although OGX-011 had no effect on the behavior of the BT474 cells when used alone, it significantly enhanced the sensitivity of cells to Trastuzumab. A significant increase in the percentage of apoptotic cells, analyzed in terms of annexin V positivity and cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, was observed after combined treatment with OGX-011 plus Trastuzumab but not with either agent alone. Altogether our findings suggest that combined targeting of HER-2 and CLU may represent a novel, rational approach to breast cancer therapy.
Water distribution within immersed polymer films (2005)

The emergence of immersion lithography for the extension of current lithography tools requires a fundamental understanding of the interactions between the photoresist and the immersion liquid such as water. Neutron reflectometry was used to measure the water concentration depth profile within immersed photoresist films. The bulk of the films swelled to the equilibrium water concentration. However a gradient in water concentration was observed near the polymer/substrate interface. Dependent on the relative hydrophilicity of the polymer and the substrate, either a depletion or excess of water was observed at the interface. Using HMDS treated silicon wafers as the substrate results in approximately 17% water by volume at the interface. The interfacial concentration decreases (or increases) to the bulk water solubility limit approximately 40 &angst; from the substrate. As the total film thickness approaches this length scale, the substrate induced concentration gradients lead to a film thickness dependent swelling; enhanced or suppressed swelling is witnessed for the excess or depleted interfacial concentrations, respectively. Variation of the substrate surface energy allows for tuning of the interfacial water concentration, ranging from 30% to less than 1% water by volume.
Enhancement of Vaccinia Virus Based Oncolysis with Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors (2010)

Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDI) dampen cellular innate immune response by decreasing interferon production and have been shown to increase the growth of vesicular stomatitis virus and HSV. As attenuated tumour-selective oncolytic vaccinia viruses (VV) are already undergoing clinical evaluation, the goal of this study is to determine whether HDI can also enhance the potency of these poxviruses in infection-resistant cancer cell lines. Multiple HDIs were tested and Trichostatin A (TSA) was found to potently enhance the spread and replication of a tumour selective vaccinia virus in several infection-resistant cancer cell lines. TSA significantly decreased the number of lung metastases in a syngeneic B16F10LacZ lung metastasis model yet did not increase the replication of vaccinia in normal tissues. The combination of TSA and VV increased survival of mice harbouring human HCT116 colon tumour xenografts as compared to mice treated with either agent alone. We conclude that TSA can selectively and effectively enhance the replication and spread of oncolytic vaccinia virus in cancer cells.
Infrared multiphoton generation of radicals: A new technique for obtaining absolute rate constants. Application to reactions of CF3 (1979)

The infrared multiphoton dissociation of CF3I is used as a convenient source of CF3 radicals under very low pressure conditions. Measurement of thermal absolute rate constants at 298 K for the reactions CF3+Br2→CF3Br+Br, CF3+ClNO→CF3Cl+NO, CF3+O3→CF3O+O2, and CF3+NO2→CF3O+NO yield (7.8±1.3) ×108, (3.5±0.5) ×108, (5.6±0.8) ×108, and (1.6±0.3) ×109 M−1 s−1, respectively. This new technique shows great promise for production of other free radicals of interest and measurement of thermal absolute rate constants over a wide temperature range.
СИНЕРГИЯ НАЗЕМНЫХ И СПУТНИКОВЫХ ДИСТАНЦИОННЫХ ОПТИЧЕСКИХ ИЗМЕРЕНИЙ ДЛЯ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ АТМОСФЕРНОГО АЭРОЗОЛЯ (2020)

The methodology of integrated ground-based and satellite monitoring of atmospheric aerosols is discussed, and an algorithm for processing data from coordinated lidar and radiometric measurements (LRS) is described. The algorithm was tested to study the altitude profiles of the aerosol parameters in the vicinity of the AERONET stations using data from ground-based solar radiometers and the CALIOP satellite lidar. To verify the results of satellite sensing, coordinated measurements with AERONET network radiometers and ground-based multi-wavelength lidars at the remote sensing stations of the Institute of Physics, NASB (Minsk, Belarus), Institute of Atmospheric Optics, SB RAS (Tomsk, Russia) and KRSU (Teplokluchenka, Kyrgyzstan) were used.
Incremental learning for ego noise estimation of a robot (2011)

Using pre-recorded templates to estimate and suppress the ego noise of a robot is advantageous because this method is able to cope with the non-stationarity of this particular type of noise. However, standard template-based estimation requires human intervention in the offline training sessions, storage of large amounts of data and does not adapt to the dynamical changes in the environmental conditions. In this paper we investigate the feasibility of an incremental template learning system to tackle these drawbacks. Incremental learning enables the system to acquire new templates on the fly and update the older ones appropriately. Whilst allowing the system to continually increase its knowledge and enhancing its estimation performance, this learning scheme also reduces the size of the database. We evaluate the performance of the proposed noise estimation method in terms of its estimation accuracy, quality of speech signals enhanced by spectral subtraction method, and size of database. The experimental results show that our system compared to conventional single-channel noise estimation methods achieves better performance in attaining signal quality and improving word correct rates.
Partial discharge characteristics till breakdown for XLPE cable joint with an artificial defect (2004)

Insulation degradation mechanism and identification of defect types for cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) cable and joint have not been cleared yet. Measurement of partial discharge (PD) is one of the most important things of testing the high voltage cable. In this paper, we investigated PD characteristics measured for practical XLPE cable joint by the so-called foil electrode method, in which aluminum foils are rapped onto the cable sheath at insulated cable joint to form coupling capacitance. We measured aging time dependence of /spl phi/-q-n patterns and PD statistic parameters when an artificial defect (a needle void) was placed In XLPE/EPR (ethylene propylene rubber) interface. As a result, phase-resolved PD patterns (i.e., /spl phi/-q-n patterns) were found to depend upon the defect type varying with aging time. Moreover, we investigated mechanism of degradation process leading to breakdown by comparing experimental results of XLPE cable joint and simulated XLPE cable joint (model sample).
Crystal Structure Determination of Zeolite Nu‐6(2) and Its Layered Precursor Nu‐6(1) (2004)

Ein Pentasil-Zeolith mit kleinen Poren (Nu-6(2)) und einer neuartigen Topologie entsteht beim Erhitzen des 4,4′-Bipyridin-haltigen Silicats Nu-6(1). Zur Bestimmung der Kristallstrukturen des Zeoliths und seiner Vorstufe wurden hochaufgelöste Röntgenpulverdiagramme, Direkte Methoden und Modellierung kombiniert. Nu-6(2) enthält Kanäle aus zwei unterschiedlichen Gruppen von Achterringen (siehe Bild).
Incentivizing Deep Fixes in Software Economies (2018)

An important question in a software economy is how to incentivize deep rather than shallow fixes. A deep fix corrects the root cause of a bug instead of suppressing the symptoms. This paper initiates the study of the problem of incentive design for open workflows in fixing code. We model the dynamics of the software ecosystem and introduce subsumption mechanisms. These mechanisms only make use of externally observable information in determining payments and promote competition between workers. We use a mean field equilibrium methodology to evaluate the performance of these mechanisms, demonstrating in simulation that subsumption mechanisms perform robustly across various environment configurations and satisfy important criteria for market design.
Holographic imaging and aberrations due to an incorrectly repositioned hologram in a system with lenses having aberrations (1973)

The first-, second-, and third-order asymmetric aberrations of a lens–hologram system are studied. The system consists of lenses with aberrations in both the object and the reference beams and the image is reconstructed with the reverse of the plane-wave reference beam with aberrations. During reconstruction, the hologram may be displaced from the recording position. The analysis utilizes coordinate transformations, wavefront analysis, and the angle eikonal.