gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tailored magnetoelastic sensor geometry for advanced functionality in wireless biliary stent monitoring systems (2010)

This paper presents three types of wireless magnetoelastic resonant sensors with specific functionalities for monitoring sludge accumulation within biliary stents. The first design uses a geometry with a repeated cell shape that provides two well-separated resonant mode shapes and associated frequencies to permit spatial localization of mass loading. The second design implements a pattern with specific variation in feature densities to improve sensitivity to mass loading. The third design uses narrow ribbons joined by flexible couplers; this design adopts the advantages in flexibility and expandability of the other designs while maintaining the robust longitudinal mode shapes of a ribbon-shaped sensor. The sensors are batch patterned using photochemical machining from 25 m thick 2605SA1 Metglas TM , an amorphous Fe-Si alloy. Accumulation of biliary sludge is simulated with paraffin or gelatin, and the effects of viscous bile are simulated with a range of silicone fluids. Results from the first design show that the location of mass loads can be resolved within 5 mm along the length of the sensor. The second design offers twice the sensitivity to mass loads (3000-36 000 ppm mg -1 ) of other designs. The third design provides a wide range of loading (sensitive to at least 10 the mass of the sensor) and survives compression into a 2 mm diameter tube as would be required for catheter-based delivery.
Mechanism of Abdominal Injury by Steering Wheel Loading (1985)

Etude de l'impact de la region abdominale superieure avec le volant a l'aide d'un modele physiologique pour l'etude des dommages corporels des tissus mous
A digital microfluidic platform for primary cell culture and analysis (2011)

Digital microfluidics (DMF) is a technology that facilitates electrostatic manipulation of discrete nano- and micro-litre droplets across an array of electrodes, which provides the advantages of single sample addressability, automation, and parallelization. There has been considerable interest in recent years in using DMF for cell culture and analysis, but previous studies have used immortalized cell lines. We report here the first digital microfluidic method for primary cell culture and analysis. A new mode of "upside-down" cell culture was implemented by patterning the top plate of a device using a fluorocarbon liftoff technique. This method was useful for culturing three different primary cell types for up to one week, as well as implementing a fixation, permeabilization, and staining procedure for F-actin and nuclei. A multistep assay for monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells (ECs) was performed to evaluate functionality in DMF-cultured primary cells and to demonstrate co-culture using a DMF platform. Monocytes were observed to adhere in significantly greater numbers to ECs exposed to tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α than those that were not, confirming that ECs cultured in this format maintain in vivo-like properties. The ability to manipulate, maintain, and assay primary cells demonstrates a useful application for DMF in studies involving precious samples of cells from small animals or human patients.
Effect of long-term caloric restriction and exercise on muscle bioenergetics and force development in rats (1999)

We evaluated the hypothesis that long-term caloric restriction and exercise would have beneficial effects on muscle bioenergetics and performance in the rat. By themselves, each of these interventions is known to increase longevity, and bioenergetic improvements are thought to be important in this phenomenon. Accordingly, we investigated rats that underwent long-term caloric restriction and were sedentary, ad libitum-fed rats permitted to exercise by daily spontaneous wheel running (AE), and the combination of the dietary and exercise interventions (RE). Ad libitum-fed, sedentary rats comprised the control group. 31P NMR spectra of the gastrocnemius muscle (GM) were collected in vivo at rest and during two periods of electrical stimulation. Neither caloric restriction nor exercise affected the ratio of phosphocreatine to ATP or pH at rest. During the first stimulation and after recovery, the RE group had a significantly smaller decline in pH than did the other groups (P < 0.05). During the second period of stimulation, the decrease in pH was much smaller in all groups than during the first stimulation, with no differences observed among the groups. The combination of caloric restriction and exercise resulted in a significant attenuation in the decline in developed force during the second period of stimulation (P < 0.05). A biochemical correlate of this was a significantly higher concentration of citrate synthase in the GM samples from the RE rats (32.7 +/- 5.4 micromol. min-1. g-1) compared with the AE rats (17.6 +/- 5.7 micromol. min-1. g-1; P < 0.05). Our experiments thus demonstrated a synergistic effect of long-term caloric restriction and free exercise on muscle bioenergetics during electrical stimulation.
Geometrical ambiguity of pair statistics. II. Heterogeneous media (2010)

In the first part of this series of two papers [Y. Jiao, F. H. Stillinger, and S. Torquato, Phys. Rev. E 81, 011105 (2010)], we considered the geometrical ambiguity of pair statistics associated with point configurations. Here we focus on the analogous problem for heterogeneous media (materials). Heterogeneous media are ubiquitous in a host of contexts, including composites and granular media, biological tissues, ecological patterns, and astrophysical structures. The complex structures of heterogeneous media are usually characterized via statistical descriptors, such as the n -point correlation function Sn. An intricate inverse problem of practical importance is to what extent a medium can be reconstructed from the two-point correlation function S2 of a target medium. Recently, general claims of the uniqueness of reconstructions using S2 have been made based on numerical studies, which implies that S2 suffices to uniquely determine the structure of a medium within certain numerical accuracy. In this paper, we provide a systematic approach to characterize the geometrical ambiguity of S2 for both continuous two-phase heterogeneous media and their digitized representations in a mathematically precise way. In particular, we derive the exact conditions for the case where two distinct media possess identical S2 , i.e., they form a degenerate pair. The degeneracy conditions are given in terms of integral and algebraic equations for continuous media and their digitized representations, respectively. By examining these equations and constructing their rigorous solutions for specific examples, we conclusively show that in general S2 is indeed not sufficient information to uniquely determine the structure of the medium, which is consistent with the results of our recent study on heterogeneous-media reconstruction [Y. Jiao, F. H. Stillinger, and S. Torquato, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106, 17634 (2009)]. The analytical examples include complex patterns composed of building blocks bearing the letter "T" and the word "WATER" as well as degenerate stacking variants of the densest sphere packing in three dimensions (Barlow films). Several numerical examples of degeneracy (e.g., reconstructions of polycrystal microstructures, laser-speckle patterns and sphere packings) are also given, which are virtually exact solutions of the degeneracy equations. The uniqueness issue of multiphase media reconstructions and additional structural information required to characterize heterogeneous media are discussed, including two-point quantities that contain topological connectedness information about the phases.
Cushing's syndrome mutant PKA L 205R exhibits altered substrate specificity (2017)

The PKA<sup>L</sup><sup>205R</sup> hotspot mutation has been implicated in Cushing's syndrome through hyperactive gain-of-function PKA signaling; however, its influence on substrate specificity has not been investigated. Here, we employ the Proteomic Peptide Library (ProPeL) approach to create high-resolution models for PKA<sup>WT</sup> and PKA<sup>L</sup><sup>205R</sup> substrate specificity. We reveal that the L205R mutation reduces canonical hydrophobic preference at the substrate P + 1 position, and increases acidic preference in downstream positions. Using these models, we designed peptide substrates that exhibit altered selectivity for specific PKA variants, and demonstrate the feasibility of selective PKA<sup>L</sup><sup>205R</sup> loss-of-function signaling. Through these results, we suggest that substrate rewiring may contribute to Cushing's syndrome disease etiology, and introduce a powerful new paradigm for investigating mutation-induced kinase substrate rewiring in human disease.
Ultra-Narrow Bragg Grating for Active Semiconductor Laser Linewidth Reduction through Electrical Feedback (2007)

A π-phase shifted Bragg grating is used as a frequency discriminator to reduce the frequency and phase noise of a semiconductor laser, and therefore its linewidth, using an electrical feedback loop on its injection current. The spectral notch at the center of the reflection peak of the grating was found to be 15 MHz FHWM, allowing for a laser linewidth reduction to 2 kHz over measurement times of 1 ms.
Characterization and research investigation of methanol and methyl fuels. Final progress report (1977)

Work on several aspects of using pure methanol as an alternate fuel are reported. A stock (OEM) Pinto engine mounted on a dynamometer was used to compare methanol with Indolene in terms of power, efficiency, and emissions for a variety of speeds and loads. Although the engine was designed for use with gasoline, it was found that methanol was generally superior in power, thermal efficiency and reduced emissions with the exception of aldehydes. Three different fuel metering systems were tested for a variety of speeds and loads using the dynamometer mounted engine. They were all found to provide superior steady state performance on methanol when compared with the OEM carburetor system with enlarged fuel jets for methanol. Mileage and emissions from a Pinto vehicle equipped with the various fuel metering systems were computer predicted for the Federal emissions test procedure using laboratory engine measurements. A computer was used to simulate the test engine's thermokinetic combustion events. The computer model predicts power, fuel economy and emissions with air-fuel ratio, compression ratio, spark advance and speed as parameters. A small (60 hp) gas turbine was converted to run on methanol. The conversion was easily accomplished, but atomization of the fuel was found to be important in obtaining a reduction in CO and NO/sub x/ for methanol in comparison with jet engine fuel. Environmental factors of marine and aquatic methanol spills and photochemical smog are under study. Preliminary experimentation relative to marine spills indicates that methanol is naturally present in that environment. It appears at this early stage of investigation that damage to the ecosystem from a major coastal spill may be localized and of short duration.
Analysis of Carbonaceous Biomarkers with the Mars Organic Analyzer Microchip Capillary Electrophoresis System: Carboxylic Acids (2011)

The oxidizing surface chemistry on Mars argues that any comprehensive search for organic compounds indicative of life requires methods to analyze higher oxidation states of carbon with very low limits of detection. To address this goal, microchip capillary electrophoresis (μCE) methods were developed for analysis of carboxylic acids with the Mars Organic Analyzer (MOA). Fluorescent derivatization was achieved by activation with the water soluble 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) followed by reaction with Cascade Blue hydrazide in 30 mM borate, pH 3. A standard containing 12 carboxylic acids found in terrestrial life was successfully labeled and separated in 30 mM borate at pH 9.5, 20 °C by using the MOA CE system. Limits of detection were 5-10 nM for aliphatic monoacids, 20 nM for malic acid (diacid), and 230 nM for citric acid (triacid). Polyacid benzene derivatives containing 2, 3, 4, and 6 carboxyl groups were also analyzed. In particular, mellitic acid was successfully labeled and analyzed with a limit of detection of 300 nM (5 ppb). Analyses of carboxylic acids sampled from a lava tube cave and a hydrothermal area demonstrated the versatility and robustness of our method. This work establishes that the MOA can be used for sensitive analyses of a wide range of carboxylic acids in the search for extraterrestrial organic molecules.
Comparison of two ultrashort echo time sequences for the quantification of T1 within phantom and human Achilles tendon at 3 T (2012)

Ultrashort echo time (UTE) techniques enable direct imaging of musculoskeletal tissues with short T2 allowing measurement of T1 relaxation times. This article presents comparison of optimized 3D variable flip angle UTE (VFA-UTE) and 2D saturation recovery UTE (SR-UTE) sequences to quantify T1 in agar phantoms and human Achilles tendon. Achilles tendon T1 values for asymptomatic volunteers were compared to Achilles tendon T1 values calculated from patients with clinical diagnoses of spondyloarthritis (SpA) and Achilles tendinopathy using an optimized VFA-UTE sequence. T1 values from phantom data for VFA- and SR-UTE compare well against calculated T1 values from an assumed gold standard inversion recovery spin echo sequence. Mean T1 values in asymptomatic Achilles tendon were found to be 725±42 ms and 698±54 ms for SR- and VFA-UTE, respectively. The patient group mean T1 value for Achilles tendon was found to be 957±173 ms (P<0.05) using an optimized VFA-UTE sequence with pulse repetition time of 6 ms and flip angles 4, 19, and 24°, taking a total 9 min acquisition time. The VFA-UTE technique appears clinically feasible for quantifying T1 in Achilles tendon. T1 measurements offer potential for detecting changes in Achilles tendon due to SpA without need for intravenous contrast agents.
Determination of the liquid pool surfactant and protein concentration for semi-batch foam fractionation columns (2007)

A model is derived for the change with time of the concentration of a surface-active component in the liquid pool of a semi-batch foam fractionation process. The transport of surface-active material to the gas-liquid interface was assumed to be limited by the mass transfer rates, and the concentration of the adsorbed material at the interface was assumed to be in equilibrium with the concentration of liquid adjacent to the bubble gas surface. This model was compared to experimental data obtained for semi-batch foam fractionation of aqueous solutions of bovine serum albumin and cetyltrimetylammonium bromide.
Ab initio molecular orbital cluster studies of the zeolite ZSM-5. 1. Proton affinities (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAb initio molecular orbital cluster studies of the zeolite ZSM-5. 1. Proton affinitiesH. V. Brand, L. A. Curtiss, and L. E. ItonCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 49, 12773–12782Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100151a024https://doi.org/10.1021/j100151a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views337Altmetric-Citations132LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
The interaction between architecture design and lower level design in both design and verification processes (2005)

With the development of the semiconductor technology, consequently given the ability of billions of transistors on a chip and the increasing clock frequency, the interaction issues between architecture design and lower level design have become more and more important in contemporary design. This study is about how to address these interaction issues to facilitate both design and verification processes. 
In the design process, interconnects or wire delay has become the dominant issue for processor performance because it grows quadratically with the wire length. Buffer insertion and wire-pipelining method are the commonly used technology to bring this trend down. But a problem is that it is not aware of the microarchitecture constraints. Therefore a method is proposed in this study to use statistical experimental method to quantify each interconnect's impact on microarchitecture. The impact information is later used as the constraints in the floor planning process. In this manner, the lower level design is aware of the microarchitecture constraints. 
In the verification process, the number one cause of chip re-spin nowadays is the functional/logic verification bugs. If a bug could be found earlier in the design process it saves significant amount of resources. There has been a method to generate test vectors from the architecture/system verification and then use them as inputs for register transfer level (RTL) simulations for the debugging purpose. To improve the efficiency of this method I have proposed both a single heuristic algorithm and a multiple simultaneous heuristics algorithm. Both algorithms have been proven to be efficient in discovering different types of bugs for Cray X1 and Stanford Directory Architecture for SHared-memory (DASH) cache coherence protocols. 
As an example of design consideration from architecture design to lower level design, this study also shows the design process of a novel memory structure for embedded systems, which is called flexible sequential and random access memory (FSRAM) that associate a link structure with each word line. Through the simulations of the architectural, RTL, and HSPICE models, the results show that the FSRAM significantly improves architectural performance, memory access time, while reducing power consumption, with negligible area overhead.
Design and Synthesis of Polymetallic Complexes Based on meso-Calix[4]pyrrole:  Platforms for Multielectron Chemistry (2007)

A first series of highly metalated calix[4]pyrrole derivatives has been obtained by treating calix[4]pyrrole with [RuCp*(CH3CN)3]PF6 in THF under reflux for 4 h to give the corresponding tetrakisruthenocene-like product and then with Cu(OTf)2 in the presence of triethylamine to give the corresponding copper(II) complex. This latter product contains five metal centers supported by a core ligand consisting of 32 non-hydrogen atoms. Electrochemical and ESR spectroscopic analyses provide support for the notion that both complexes are capable of transferring four electrons reversibly at a potential of 0.95 V vs SCE. Related studies involving the copper complex reveal the presence of an additional reversible reduction at −0.34 V vs SCE that is ascribed to a Cu(II)/Cu(I) couple. These findings make these systems of potential interest as simple-to-prepare electron reservoirs and as possible models for enzyme active sites.
Development in context: interferon response networks regulate human fetal thymic epithelial cell differentiation (2022)

ABSTRACT The thymus instructs T cell immunity and central tolerance, yet its therapeutic potential remains untapped. The quest to regenerate thymic function for clinical application is lagging while the signals that drive thymic epithelial cell differentiation remain incompletely understood. Here, we elucidate pathways instructing commitment and specialization of the human thymic epithelial stroma through complementary single cell transcriptomic approaches. First, we identify gene regulatory networks that define fetal thymic epithelium in the thus far unexplored context of other anterior foregut-derived organs; then, we characterize lineage trajectories within the thymic epithelial compartment across embryonic, fetal, and early postnatal stages. Activation of interferon response gene regulatory networks distinguished epithelial cells of the thymus from those of all other anterior foregut-derived organs. Interferon signals were processed differentially within thymic cortical and medullary lineages, reflected in distinct NFκB and IRF signatures, respectively. Our study reveals novel, translatable insights into the developmental programs underlying thymic epithelial cell differentiation that may advance the field of regenerative cell therapies. SUMMARY Single cell transcriptomics of anterior foregut-derived organs identifies pathways governing thymic epithelial commitment and specialization.
<title>Characterization of polymer composites by fiber optic Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy</title> (1999)

The in-use performance of polymer composites is highly dependent on the polymeric structure, which in turn, is highly dependent on the processing conditions. We have been developing a Fourier transform Raman system capable of high temperature measurements within curing devices through the use of fiber optic probes. The goal is to use real-time spectral data to control heat schedules and ultimately, composite properties. This presentation will describe the development of cure models based on reaction mechanisms for an epoxy resin and a polyimide using IR and Raman spectroscopy. It will also describe correlations between molecular structure and mechanical properties obtained by simultaneous Raman and rheology measurements. In addition, new spectral methods to determine cure kinetics will be presented.
Synthesis, structure and reactivity of N,O-metallacyclic (dicarbonyldiazene) platinum complexes (1998)

Reaction of cis-Pt(PR13)2Cl2 (R1=Me, Ph) with diacyl hydrazine R2OCNHNHCOR2 (R2=Me, Ph) in refluxing ethanol and NaHCO3 afforded platinum diazene diacyl complexes Pt(PR13)2(R2OCNNCOR2) (1, R1=R2=Ph; 3, R1=Me, R2=Ph; 4, R1=R2=Me). Reaction of Pt(PPh3)2(C2H4) with diazene dicarboxylates R2OCNNCOR2 (R2=OEt, OPri) resulted in the formation of Pt(PPh3)2(R2OCNNCOR2) (2, R2=OEt; 5, R2=OPri). Multinuclear NMR spectroscopy on 1–5 revealed that the dicarbonyl-substituted diazene ligand is coordinated asymmetrically, consistent with a five membered Pt–N–N–C–O ring. Compound 5 crystallises from THF–benzene as the solvate Pt(PPh3)2(PriO2CNNCO2Pri)·(C6H6)2; its X-ray crystal structure shows that the coordination sphere of platinum is essentially square planar and coplanar with the five membered Pt1–O1–C5–N2–N1 ring. The Pt1–O1 distance is 2.027(4) Åand the Pt1–N1 distance is 2.050(5) Å. The N1–N2 distance is 1.421(6) Åwhile the N2–C5 and C5–O1 distances are 1.273(7) and 1.314(7) Å, respectively. Complexes 1–5 show sensitivity towards chlorinated solvents (CH2Cl2, CHCl3) under photolysis conditions, forming the corresponding cis-platinum bis(phosphine) dichloride complexes; the same products are formed in a slower thermal reaction with 2 and 5. Complexes 2 and 5 react photochemically with ethylene in [2H8]THF yielding Pt(PPh3)2(C2H4) but 1, 3 and 4 are inert. Addition of an excess of dppe ligand to 2 and 5 resulted in the displacement of PPh3 and the formation of Pt(dppe)(EtO2CNNCO2Et) and Pt(dppe)(PriO2CNNCO2Pri) [dppe=1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane].