gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vectorial adaptive optics - correction of polarization and phase (2020)

We extend adaptive optics concepts to correction of both polarization and phase errors. These vectorial adaptive optics methods encompass sensor- based and sensorless methods and are implemented with multiple adaptive elements. Applications include microscopy and endoscopy.
Ontology-based reconfigurability of cognitive radio (2012)

Software Defined Radio (SDR) is a radio in which all or majority of the functionality of the physical layer is implemented in software. One of the biggest benefits of SDR is the relative ease in which the functionality can be changed. Such flexibility could potentially be used in achieving interoperability of the communications systems. Cognitive Radio (CR)-a paradigm that combines SDR technology with a cognitive agent-allows radios to change their operational behaviors in order to achieve a variety of goals, e.g. performance optimization, power saving, opportunistic use of resources, etc. Cognitive Radios are expected to play the leading role in the communications systems interoperability.
Shear induced formation of carbon and boron nitride nano-scrolls (2012)

A 'top down' synthesis of carbon and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nano-scrolls has been developed using the shear forces within dynamic thin films of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) generated on a rapidly rotating spinning disc processor (SDP), along with a theoretical understanding of the formation of the scrolls.
Frequent somatic reversion of KRT1 mutations in ichthyosis with confetti (2015)

Widespread reversion of genetic disease is rare; however, such events are particularly evident in some skin disorders in which normal clones develop on a background of affected skin. We previously demonstrated that mutations in keratin 10 (KRT10) cause ichthyosis with confetti (IWC), a severe dominant disorder that is characterized by progressive development of hundreds of normal skin spots via revertant mosaicism. Here, we report on a clinical and histological IWC subtype in which affected subjects have red, scaly skin at birth, experience worsening palmoplantar keratoderma in childhood, and develop hundreds of normal skin spots, beginning at around 20 years of age, that increase in size and number over time. We identified a causal de novo mutation in keratin 1 (KRT1). Similar to IWC-causing KRT10 mutations, this mutation in KRT1 resulted in a C-terminal frameshift, replacing 22 C-terminal amino acids with an alternate 30-residue peptide. Mutant KRT1 caused partial collapse of the cytoplasmic intermediate filament network and mislocalized to the nucleus. As with KRT10 mutations causing IWC, reversion of KRT1 mutations occurred via mitotic recombination. Because reversion is not observed with other disease-causing keratin mutations, the results of this study implicate KRT1 and KRT10 C-terminal frameshift mutations in the high frequency of revertant mosaicism in IWC.
Compact and Efficient WFST-Based Decoders for Handwriting Recognition (2017)

We present two weighted finite-state transducer (WFST) based decoders for handwriting recognition. One decoder is a cloud-based solution that is both compact and efficient. The other is a device-based solution that has a small memory footprint. A compact WFST data structure is proposed for the cloud-based decoder. There are no output labels stored on transitions of the compact WFST. A decoder based on the compact WFST data structure produces the same result with significantly less footprint compared with a decoder based on the corresponding standard WFST. For the device-based decoder, on-the-fly language model rescoring is performed to reduce footprint. Careful engineering methods, such as WFST weight quantization, token and data type refinement, are also explored. When using a language model containing 600,000 n-grams, the cloud-based decoder achieves an average decoding time of 4.04 ms per text line with a peak footprint of 114.4 MB, while the device-based decoder achieves an average decoding time of 13.47 ms per text line with a peak footprint of 31.6 MB.
Detection of Colistin Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Using the MALDIxin Test on the Routine MALDI Biotyper Sirius Mass Spectrometer (2021)

Colistin is frequently a last resort treatment for <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug resistant (XDR) strains, and detection of colistin resistance is essential for the management of infected patients. Therefore, we evaluated the recently developed MALDIxin test for the detection of colistin resistance in <i>P. aeruginosa</i> clinical strains using the routine matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) Biotyper Sirius system. The test is based on the detection by mass spectrometry of modified lipid A by the addition of 4-amino-l-arabinose (l-ara4N) molecules on one or two phosphate groups, in strains resistant to colistin. Overproduction of l-Ara4N molecules is mainly due to the constitutive activation of the histidine kinase (PmrB) or the response regulator (PmrA) following an amino-acid substitution in clinical strains. The performance of the test was determined on a panel of 14 colistin-susceptible and 14 colistin-resistant <i>P. aeruginosa</i> clinical strains, the reference strain PAO1 and positive control mutants PmrB (V28G), PmrB (D172), PhoQ (D240-247), and ParR (M59I). In comparison with the broth microdilution (BMD) method, all the susceptible strains (<i>n</i>=14) and 8/14 colistin-resistant strains were detected in less than 1h, directly on whole bacteria. The remaining resistant strains (<i>n</i>=6) were all detected after a short pre-exposure (4h) to colistin before sample preparation. Validation of the method on a larger panel of strains will be the next step before its use in diagnostics laboratories. Our data showed that the MALDIxin test offers rapid and efficient detection of colistin resistant <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and is thus a valuable diagnostics tool to control the spread of these emerging resistant strains.
Package Design for Multiphysics MEMS Sensor (2019)

In the field of MEMS and sensors, package plays a primary role since it strongly affects device behavior and performance. Depending on the application and industrial domain, the design needs to be targeted toward the given requirements. The same sensor, thought for different applications, may require completely different packaging technology and design. In this context, mechanical, thermal and thermo-mechanical simulations are the driving forces of design, especially when stringent size/performance constraints and multi-sensor integration are introduced. This work presents a full-mold LGA package integrating a tri-axial MEMS accelerometer for motion sensing and a temperature sensor to monitor a device connected through a thermal path routed in the PCB. Currently, the motion sensor is assembled in a 2×2 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> LGA package while the temperature sensor in a 2×2 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> DFN package with exposed pad. The proposed package is based on a 3 dice stack-up: temperature sensor die bottom, MEMS die, ASIC die on top. Since the temperature sensor die footprint is smaller than the MEMS, an overhang die bonding follows. A 2-layers organic substrate has been designed to manage the signals and optimized to replicate the thermal behavior of the DFN exposed pad. By means of a high thermal conductivity die attach glue and vias connecting the temperature sensor die to the exposed metal pad in the bottom of the package, the thermal resistance “junction - case bottom” is aligned to the target. Numerical analysis has been performed on package. Main focus is given to the thermal simulations to evaluate the performance gap of the temperature sensor with respect to the DFN solution. Thermo-mechanical simulations have been carried out to assess the influence of molding and soldering processes on the accelerometer.
Improving the Performance of Neural Networks in Regression Tasks Using\n Drawering (2016)

The method presented extends a given regression neural network to make its\nperformance improve. The modification affects the learning procedure only,\nhence the extension may be easily omitted during evaluation without any change\nin prediction. It means that the modified model may be evaluated as quickly as\nthe original one but tends to perform better.\n This improvement is possible because the modification gives better expressive\npower, provides better behaved gradients and works as a regularization. The\nknowledge gained by the temporarily extended neural network is contained in the\nparameters shared with the original neural network.\n The only cost is an increase in learning time.\n
Welcome to the Future: Introducing ES&T’s Inaugural Early Career Editorial Advisory Board (2021)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommentNEXTWelcome to the Future: Introducing ES&T's Inaugural Early Career Editorial Advisory BoardJulie Beth Zimmerman*Julie Beth Zimmerman*Email: [email protected]More by Julie Beth Zimmermanhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-5392-312X, Jennifer A. FieldJennifer A. FieldMore by Jennifer A. Fieldhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-9346-4693, Gregory V. LowryGregory V. LowryMore by Gregory V. Lowryhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-8599-008X, and Paul WesterhoffPaul WesterhoffMore by Paul Westerhoffhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-9241-8759Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2021, 55, 2, 811–812Publication Date (Web):January 5, 2021Publication History Published online5 January 2021Published inissue 19 January 2021https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.0c08384https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c08384editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2021 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views4178Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (500 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Climate change,Energy,Environmental science Get e-Alerts
Multiplicity of N‐terminal structures of medium‐chain alcohol dehydrogenases Mass‐spectrometric analysis of plant, lower vertebrate and higher vertebrate class I, II, and III forms of the enzyme (1995)

Ten different alcohol dehydrogenases, representing several classes of the enzyme and a wide spread of organisms, were analyzed for patterns of N-terminal structures utilizing a combination of conventional and mass spectrometric peptide analysis. Results show all forms to be N-terminally acetylated and allow comparisons of now 40 such alcohol dehydrogenases covering a large span of forms and origins. Patterns illustrate roles of acetylation in proteins in general, define special importance of the class I N-terminal acetylation, and distinguish separate acetylated structures for all classes, as well as a common alcohol dehydrogenase motif.
Band gap shift in the indium-tin-oxide films on polyethylene napthalate after thermal annealing in air (2006)

Indium-tin-oxide (ITO) thin films on polyethylene napthalate (PEN) with high carrier concentration (∼1021∕cm3) have been grown by electron-beam deposition without the introduction of oxygen into the chamber. The electrical properties of the ITO films (such as, carrier concentration, electrical mobility, and resistivity) abruptly changed after annealing in the air atmospheres. In addition, optical transmittance and optical band gap values significantly changed after heat treatment. The optical band gap narrowing behavior is observed in the as-deposited sample because of impurity band and heavy carrier concentration. The influence of annealing in air on the electrical and optical properties of ITO∕PEN samples can be explained by the change in the free electron concentration, which is evaluated in terms of the oxygen content. Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses are used to determine the oxygen content in the film. Hall effect measurements are used to determine the dependence of electrical properties on oxygen content.
Structure and Morphology of Wheat Gluten Films: From Polymeric Protein Aggregates toward Superstructure Arrangements (2011)

Evaluation of structure and morphology of extruded wheat gluten (WG) films showed WG protein assemblies elucidated on a range of length scales from nano (4.4 Å and 9 to 10 Å, up to 70 Å) to micro (10 μm). The presence of NaOH in WG films induced a tetragonal structure with unit cell parameters, a = 51.85 Å and c = 40.65 Å, whereas NH(4)OH resulted in a bidimensional hexagonal close-packed (HCP) structure with a lattice parameter of 70 Å. In the WG films with NH(4)OH, a highly polymerized protein pattern with intimately mixed glutenins and gliadins bounded through SH/SS interchange reactions was found. A large content of β-sheet structures was also found in these films, and the film structure was oriented in the extrusion direction. In conclusion, this study highlights complexities of the supramolecular structures and conformations of wheat gluten polymeric proteins in biofilms not previously reported for biobased materials.
MEMS-based polarized FTIR spectrometer for polymer quality control (2021)

Polarized Fourier transform infrared FTIR spectroscopy has been used extensively to monitor orientation for polymer quality control and optimized the mechanical properties. In the manufacturing process, using an in-line portable spectrometer would be a great advantage providing near real-time feedback during polymer production processes including temperature, and drawing/stretching. The goal is to let the chains within a polymer disentangle and become more systematic/oriented with predictable properties. In this work, we present a measurement technique using microelectromechanical system (MEMS) based polarization controlled Fourier transform spectrometer in the extended near-infrared used to monitor the polymer quality. The spectrometer is operating in the wavelength range of 1300 nm to 2600 nm (about 3846 cm<sup>-1</sup> to 7692 cm<sup>-1</sup>) with a spectral resolution of 66 cm<sup>-1</sup>. The polarized-FTIR data were collected for a commercial plastic CD sleeve with thickness of about 1 mm in transmission mode. An ultra-broadband wire grid linear polarizer is used, inserted in the light path and rotated 360º in steps 10º. The polarizer orientation is kept in the same position for both background and sample measurements. The dichroic ratios of different absorption bands have been determined with the polarizer oriented parallel and perpendicular to a reference direction. The orientation quality of the polymer can be detected from the dichroic ratio with dichroic ratio equals to one representing an isotropic material. Comparison with a benchtop device is conducted showing good agreement. The presented solution paves the way for a low-cost and portable device for on-line polymer quality control.
Nucleation and growth of a helical nanofilament (B4) liquid-crystal phase confined in nanobowls (2015)

The B4 helical nanofilament (HNF) liquid crystal (LC) phase is a three-dimensional (3D) helical structure composed of 2D smectic layers. Because of the complex shape of the HNF phase, it is difficult to understand the generation mechanism of HNFs in the bulk as well as in the thin-film condition. Here, we directly investigated the nucleation and growth of HNFs in nanobowls. A combination of electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction was used to reveal the transitional surface structures, in which barrel-like structures as well as short HNFs with random handedness were observed, depending on the LC film thickness. These results will be useful in achieving a better understanding of thin film structures of complex chiral structures in soft matter.
Use of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to detect carbapenemase production in Enterobacteriaceae by a rapid meropenem degradation assay. (2015)

We evaluated the analytical performance of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay to detect carbapenemase activity in a group of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae by meropenem hydrolysis. This one-hour method showed a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 100%, representing a rapid and reliable option compared to conventional phenotypic assays.
A voltage and current measurement dataset for plug load appliance identification in households (2020)

This paper presents the Plug-Load Appliance Identification Dataset (PLAID), a labelled dataset containing records of the electrical voltage and current of domestic electrical appliances obtained at a high sampling frequency (30 kHz). The dataset contains 1876 records of individually-metered appliances from 17 different appliance types (e.g., refrigerators, microwave ovens, etc.) comprising 330 different makes and models, and collected at 65 different locations in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (USA). Additionally, PLAID contains 1314 records of the combined operation of 13 of these appliance types (i.e., measurements obtained when multiple appliances were active simultaneously). Identifying electrical appliances based on electrical measurements is of importance in demand-side management applications for the electrical power grid including automated load control, load scheduling and non-intrusive load monitoring. This paper provides a systematic description of the measurement setup and dataset so that it can be used to develop and benchmark new methods in these and other applications, and so that extensions to it can be developed and incorporated in a consistent manner.
Search for Novel Anti-tumor Agents from Ridaifens Using JFCR39, a Panel of Human Cancer Cell Lines (2013)

To overcome the heterogeneous nature of cancer, the search for potent anti-cancer drug candidates with new modes of action is essential. For that purpose, we prepared forty-eight Ridaifens (RIDs), a novel series of tamoxifen-derivatives. Then, we screened them, searching for novel candidates for a new class of anti-cancer drug using a panel of human cancer cell lines (JFCR39) and by a binding assay to estrogen receptor α (ERα). First, the growth inhibition of the forty-eight RIDs against JFCR39 was evaluated. Forty RIDs showed higher growth-inhibitory activity than that of tamoxifen. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) study revealed that the aminoalkoxyphenyl groups at the C-1 position and the common central ethylenic bond were important in retaining a high level of growth-inhibitory activity. Subsequently, the ERα binding activity of all the RIDs was measured by a competitive binding assay. The SAR study for ERα binding activity indicated that both the phenyl group and the ethyl group at the C-2 position in the ethylenic bond were essential. Based on the screenings, we identified RID-SB1 and RID-SB8, which demonstrated potent tumor growth inhibition but had completely lost ERα binding activity. Furthermore, the COMPARE analysis using JFCR39 suggested that RID-SB1 and RID-SB8 had different molecular modes of action compared to those of the current anti-cancer drugs including tamoxifen. These results indicate that RID-SB1 and RID-SB8 are interesting candidates for novel anti-cancer agents with unique modes of action.
Diarylheptanoids from <i>Alnus japonica</i> Inhibit Papain-Like Protease of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (2012)

The papain-like protease (PL(pro)), which controls replication of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), has been identified as a potential drug target for the treatment of SARS. An intensive hunt for effective anti-SARS drugs has been undertaken by screening for natural product inhibitors that target SARS-CoV PL(pro). In this study, diarylheptanoids 1-9 were isolated from Alnus japonica, and the inhibitory activities of these compounds against PL(pro) were determined. Of the isolated diarylheptanoids, hirsutenone (2) showed the most potent PL(pro) inhibitory activity, with an inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) value of 4.1 µM. Structure-activity analysis showed that catechol and α,β-unsaturated carbonyl moiety in the molecule were the key requirement for SARS-CoV cysteine protease inhibition.
Integrated Interbody Fusion in Multi-Level Cervical Constructs in Clinical Practice (2019)

Journal of the American College of Surgeons 229(4):p e38-e39, October 2019. | DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2019.08.806
Characterization of the Helicase and Primase Activities of the 63-kDa Component of the Bacteriophage T7 Gene 4 Protein (1989)

Leading and lagging strand DNA synthesis at the replication fork of bacteriophage T7 DNA requires the helicase and primase activities of the gene 4 protein. Gene 4 protein consists of two colinear polypeptides of 56- and 63-kDa molecular mass. We have demonstrated previously that the 56-kDa protein possesses helicase but lacks primase activity (Bernstein, J. A., and Richardson, C. C. (1988) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 85, 396-400). The 63-kDa gene 4 protein has now been purified from extracts of T7-infected cells. The preparation contains 5-10% contaminating 56-kDa protein, as shown by Western analysis using polyclonal antibodies to the purified 56-kDa protein. The 63-kDa protein catalyzes DNA-dependent dTTP hydrolysis and has helicase activity; both specific activities are similar to those determined for the 56-kDa protein. The 63-kDa protein efficiently synthesizes sequence-specific di-, tri-, and tetraribonucleotides and stimulates the elongation of tetraribonucleotides by T7 DNA polymerase. Although the 56-kDa protein alone lacks primase activity, it enhances the primase activity of the 63-kDa protein 4-fold. This stimulation can be accounted for by a similar increase in the amount of primers synthesized by the 63-kDa protein in the presence of the 56-kDa protein.
Immunological effects of nivolumab immunotherapy in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (2020)

These results show nivolumab causes opposing effects on CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> cell populations, with CD4<sup>+</sup> cell levels declining but increasing the proportion of Treg cells, and unconventional CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell levels increasing with increased expression of immune mediators by CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell subpopulations.