gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pressure-induced transitions in single-crystalLa0.84Sr0.16MnO3 (2001)

Measurements of the transport properties under high pressure of an $x=0.16$ crystal have revealed the disappearance, in a two-phase domain, of a low-temperature, orbitally ordered ${O}^{\ensuremath{''}}$ phase, as well as a discontinuous crossover of the ferromagnetic Curie temperature ${T}_{c}$ at an orthorhombic-rhombohedral phase boundary in the narrow compositional range $0.16&lt;x&lt;0.17$ of the system ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}.$ The data also suggest that the ${O}^{\ensuremath{''}}$ phase below an insulator-metal transition temperature ${T}_{\mathrm{IM}}$ is distinguishable from that between the order-disorder transition at ${T}_{\mathrm{oo}}.$
Retinoic acid induces homing of protective T and B cells to the gut after subcutaneous immunization in mice (2011)

Diarrheal diseases represent a major health burden in developing countries. Parenteral immunization typically does not induce efficient protection against enteropathogens because it does not stimulate migration of immune cells to the gut. Retinoic acid (RA) is critical for gut immunity, inducing upregulation of gut-homing receptors on activated T cells. In this study, we have demonstrated that RA can redirect immune responses elicited by s.c. vaccination of mice from skin-draining inguinal LNs (ingLNs) to the gut. When present during priming, RA induced robust upregulation of gut-homing receptors in ingLNs, imprinting gut-homing capacity on T cells. Concurrently, RA triggered the generation of gut-tropic IgA+ plasma cells in ingLNs and raised the levels of antigen-specific IgA in the intestinal lumen and blood. RA applied s.c. in vivo induced autonomous RA production in ingLN DCs, further driving efficient induction of gut-homing molecules on effector cells. Importantly, RA-supplemented s.c. immunization elicited a potent immune response in the small intestine that protected mice from cholera toxin–induced diarrhea and diminished bacterial loads in Peyer patches after oral infection with Salmonella. Thus, the use of RA as a gut-homing navigator represents a powerful tool to induce protective immunity in the intestine after s.c. immunization, offering what we believe to be a novel approach for vaccination against enteropathogens.
Highly-Neutralizing COVID-19-Convalescent-Plasmas Potently Block SARS-CoV-2 Replication and Pneumonia in Syrian Hamsters (2021)

ABSTRACT Despite various attempts to treat SARS-CoV-2-infected patients with COVID-19-convalescent plasmas, neither appropriate approach nor clinical utility has been established. We examined the efficacy of administration of highly-neutralizing COVID-19-convalescent plasma ( hn -plasmas) and such plasma-derived IgG administration using the Syrian hamster COVID-19 model. Two hn -plasmas, which were in the best 1% of 340 neutralizing-activity-determined convalescent plasma samples, were intraperitoneally administered to SARS-CoV-2-infected hamsters, resulting in significant reduction of viral titers in lungs by up to 32-fold as compared to the viral titers in hamsters receiving control non-neutralizing plasma, while with two moderately neutralizing plasmas ( mn -plasmas) administered, viral titer reduction was by up to 6-fold. IgG fractions purified from the two hn -plasmas also reduced viral titers in lungs than those from the two mn -plasmas. The severity of lung lesions seen in hamsters receiving hn -plasmas was minimal to moderate as assessed using micro-computerized tomography, which histological examination confirmed. Western blotting revealed that all four COVID-19-convalescent-plasmas variably contained antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 components including the receptor-binding domain and S1 domain. The present data strongly suggest that administering potent-neutralizing-activity-confirmed COVID-19-convalescent plasmas would be efficacious in treating patients with COVID-19. Importance Convalescent plasmas obtained from patients, who recovered from a specific infection, have been used as agents to treat other patients infected with the very pathogen. To treat using convalescent plasmas, despite that more than 10 randomized-controlled-clinical-trials have been conducted and more than 100 studies are currently ongoing, the effects of convalescent plasma against COVID-19 remained uncertain. On the other hand, certain COVID-19 vaccines have been shown to reduce the clinical COVID-19 onset by 94-95%, for which the elicited SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies are apparently directly responsible. Here, we demonstrate that highly-neutralizing-effect-confirmed convalescent plasmas significantly reduce the viral titers in the lung of SARS-CoV-2-infected Syrian hamsters and block the development of virally-induced lung lesions. The present data provide a proof-of-concept that the presence of highly-neutralizing antibody in COVID-19-convalescent plasmas is directly responsible for the reduction of viral replication and support the use of highly-neutralizing antibody-containing plasmas in COVID-19 therapy with convalescent plasmas.
Metal Surface Coating Using Electrospray of Biodegradable Polymers and α-Lipoic Acid Release Behavior for Drug-Eluting Stents (2010)

초록 · 키워드 목차 오류제보하기 등록된 정보가 없습니다. #alpha Lipoic acid elec-trospray coating #biodegradabie polymers #Coronary artery #DES #drug-eluting stent 등록된 정보가 없습니다.
Polymorphism in Micro-, Submicro-, and Nanocrystalline NaNbO3 (2005)

NaNbO(3) powders with various particle sizes (ranging from 30 nm to several microns) and well-controlled stoichiometry were obtained through microemulsion-mediated synthesis. The effect of particle size on the phase transformation of the prepared NaNbO(3) powders was studied using X-ray powder diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and nuclear site group analysis based on these spectroscopic data. Coarsened particles exhibit an orthorhombic Pbcm (D(2h)(11), no. 57) structure corresponding to the bulk structure, as observed for single crystals or powders prepared by conventional solid-state reaction. The crystal symmetry of submicron powders was refined with the space group Pmc2(1) (C(2v)(2), no. 26). The reduced perovskite cell volumes of these submicron powders were most expanded compared to all the other structures. Fine particles with a diameter of less than 70 nm as measured from SEM observations showed an orthorhombic Pmma (D(2h)(5), no. 51) crystal symmetry. The perovskite formula cell of this structure was pseudocubic and was the most compact one. A possible mechanism of the phase transformation is suggested.
The Image Biomarker Standardization Initiative: Standardized Quantitative Radiomics for High-Throughput Image-based Phenotyping (2020)

Background Radiomic features may quantify characteristics present in medical imaging. However, the lack of standardized definitions and validated reference values have hampered clinical use. Purpose To standardize a set of 174 radiomic features. Materials and Methods Radiomic features were assessed in three phases. In phase I, 487 features were derived from the basic set of 174 features. Twenty-five research teams with unique radiomics software implementations computed feature values directly from a digital phantom, without any additional image processing. In phase II, 15 teams computed values for 1347 derived features using a CT image of a patient with lung cancer and predefined image processing configurations. In both phases, consensus among the teams on the validity of tentative reference values was measured through the frequency of the modal value and classified as follows: less than three matches, weak; three to five matches, moderate; six to nine matches, strong; 10 or more matches, very strong. In the final phase (phase III), a public data set of multimodality images (CT, fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET, and T1-weighted MRI) from 51 patients with soft-tissue sarcoma was used to prospectively assess reproducibility of standardized features. Results Consensus on reference values was initially weak for 232 of 302 features (76.8%) at phase I and 703 of 1075 features (65.4%) at phase II. At the final iteration, weak consensus remained for only two of 487 features (0.4%) at phase I and 19 of 1347 features (1.4%) at phase II. Strong or better consensus was achieved for 463 of 487 features (95.1%) at phase I and 1220 of 1347 features (90.6%) at phase II. Overall, 169 of 174 features were standardized in the first two phases. In the final validation phase (phase III), most of the 169 standardized features could be excellently reproduced (166 with CT; 164 with PET; and 164 with MRI). Conclusion A set of 169 radiomics features was standardized, which enabled verification and calibration of different radiomics software. © RSNA, 2020 <i>Online supplemental material is available for this article.</i> See also the editorial by Kuhl and Truhn in this issue.
Comparison of Multi-Connectivity Schemes on Different Layers for Reliable Low Latency Communication (2021)

Wireless communication systems which provide low latency with high reliability are required for emerging industrial applications such as closed-loop control systems or mobile robotics. Multi-Connectivity (MC), i.e., using multiple communication paths simultaneously, can be a measure to enhance latency and reliability performance of wireless communication systems. MC schemes can be applied on different layers of the communication stack. While Physical (PHY) Layer MC schemes combine the paths at signal or symbol level, in higher layer schemes, i.e., MC schemes on MAC Layer or above, the paths are combined at packet level. Higher layer schemes provide more degrees of freedom for dynamic scheme adaptation, while PHY MC schemes have more information available. MC schemes on different layers need to be compared to evaluate their suitability to enhance latency and reliability performance in different scenarios. In this work system level simulations are performed with the network simulator ns-3 to compare PHY Layer MC schemes, i.e., selection combining (SC), maximum ratio combining (MRC) and joint decoding (JD), with higher layer MC schemes, i.e., MP-UDP with packet duplication (PD). Our results suggest that the gain of PHY Layer MC schemes increases with decreasing SINR. The higher layer MC schemes provide diversity not only on PHY but also on MAC and higher layers and could thus decrease access and queuing latency. The gain of MP-UDP increases with increasing network load. The insights obtained in this work can be used to develop dynamic MC schedulers that activate or deactivate certain MC schemes or switch between MC schemes on different layers based on the scenario.
Near sufficiency of random coding for two descriptions (2006)

We give a single-letter outer bound for the two-descriptions problem for independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) sources that is universally close to the El Gamal and Cover (EGC) inner bound. The gaps for the sum and individual rates using a quadratic distortion measure are upper-bounded by 1.5 and 0.5 bits/sample, respectively, and are universal with respect to the source being encoded and the desired distortion levels. Variants of our basic ideas are presented, including upper and lower bounds on the second channel's rate when the first channel's rate is arbitrarily close to the rate-distortion function; these bounds differ, in the limit as the code block length goes to infinity, by not more than 2 bits/sample. An interesting aspect of our methodology is the manner in which the matching single-letter outer bound is obtained, as we eschew common techniques for constructing single-letter bounds in favor of new ideas in the field of rate loss bounds. We expect these techniques to be generally applicable to other settings of interest.
Optimizing Neutron Thermal Scattering Effects in very High Temperature Reactors. Final Report (2014)

This project aims to develop a holistic understanding of the phenomenon of neutron thermalization in the VHTR. Neutron thermalization is dependent on the type and structure of the moderating material. The fact that the moderator (and reflector) in the VHTR is a solid material will introduce new and interesting considerations that do not apply in other (e.g. light water) reactors. The moderator structure is expected to undergo radiation induced changes as the irradiation (or burnup) history progresses. In this case, the induced changes in structure will have a direct impact on many properties including the neutronic behavior. This can be easily anticipated if one recognizes the dependence of neutron thermalization on the scattering law of the moderator. For the pebble bed reactor, it is anticipated that the moderating behavior can be tailored, e.g. using moderators that consist of composite materials, which could allow improved optimization of the moderator-to-fuel ratio.
A feeding circuit for switching omni-directional and directive patterns (2011)

In this paper, we propose a novel feeding circuit for switching an omni-directional and directive radiation patterns. The proposed circuit changes the radiation patterns by phase differences and switching of the feed elements, and it has five operation modes. We illustrate the operation principle, the output characteristics and the obtained radiation patterns. The analytical results show that the mismatch losses are less than -1 dB, and the phase differences required to switch the radiation patterns are obtained around 2 GHz. Finally, we reveal that uni-, bi-and omni-directional radiation patterns are obtained in combination with a monopole array.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Interaction between Recognition Protein H7 of the Novel Influenza Virus H7N9 and Glycan Cell Surface Receptors (2016)

Avian influenza A viruses, which can also propagate between humans, present serious pandemic threats, particularly in Asia. The specificity (selectivity) of interactions between the recognition protein hemagglutinin (HA) of the virus capsid and the glycoconjugates of host cells also contributes to the efficient spread of the virus by aerosol between humans. Some avian origin viruses, such as H1N1 (South Carolina 1918), have improved their selectivity for human receptors by mutation in the HA receptor binding site, to generate pandemic viruses. Molecular details and dynamics of glycan-HA interactions are of interest, both in predicting the pandemic potential of a new emerging strain and in searching for new antiviral drugs. Two complementary techniques, <sup>1</sup>H saturation transfer difference (<sup>1</sup>H STD) nuclear magnetic resonance and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, were applied to analyze the interaction of the new H7 (A/Anhui/1/13 H7N9) with LSTa [Neu5Ac α(2→3) Gal β(1→3) GlcNAc β(1→3) Gal β(1→4) Glc] and LSTc [Neu5Ac α(2→6) Gal β(1→4) GlcNAc β(1→3) Gal β(1→4) Glc] pentasaccharides, models of avian and human receptor glycans. Their interactions with H7 were analyzed for the first time using <sup>1</sup>H STD and MD, revealing structural and dynamic behavior that could not be obtained from crystal structures, and contributing to glycan-HA specificity. This highlighted aspects that could affect glycan-HA recognition, including the mutation H7 G228S, which increases H2 and H3 specificity for the human receptor. Finally, interactions between LSTc and H7 were compared with those between LSTc and H1 of H1N1 (South Carolina 1918), contributing to our understanding of the recognition ability of HAs.
Develop Common-Mode Conducted Noise Modeling Methodology with Terminal Port Theory (2019)

Based on the terminal port theory, this paper has proposed a common-mode conducted noise modeling method. Single-phase inverter is chosen as an illustrative example. The T-type model has been supposed as the internal structure of the terminal port, according to its features of CM impedance and the noise propagation route. The details of equivalent noise source are given and its accuracy has been verified by comparing with the concept definition. With this model, the effectiveness of the filter could be predicted quickly and accurately. The interaction effect between the EMI filter and harmonic filter has also been viewed in this paper. Theoretical analysis and experimental results are presented to verify this modeling methodology.
Treatment cessation of entecavir in Asian patients with hepatitis B e antigen negative chronic hepatitis B: a multicentre prospective study (2014)

Entecavir cessation in Asian HBeAg negative CHB resulted in high rates of virologic relapse, suggesting nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy should be continued indefinitely until the recognised treatment endpoint of HBsAg seroclearance.
21st Century Locomotive Technology: Quarterly Technical Status Report 15 DOE/AL68284-TSR15 (2006)

High pressure common rail (HPCR) fuel injection performance testing developed a notch-by-notch performance comparison between HPCR and the production fuel system. A multiple injection screening study at notch 8 was completed with the baseline HPCR fuel injector nozzle tip design. Began a study on performance effects of different nozzle tip geometries. The hybrid locomotive battery vendor performed component fabrication tests and began manufacture of a mockup battery to validate the vibration design performance.
ChemInform Abstract: An Inclusion Complex Containing the Dioxygen Molecule and an Organic Guest Molecule Cohabiting within a Vaulted Cobalt(II) Cyclidene Host. A Rare Kind of Ternary Complex. (1987)

Abstract A credible model of the ternary complex of cytochrome P450, the complex (I), is demonstrated with use of NMR spin lattice relaxation determinations on guest protons in the presence of the dioxygen adduct of the corresponding vaulted cyclidene‐Co(II) host.
CONSTITUTIVE MODELS FOR PREDICTING MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NATURAL POZZOLAN-BASED ALKALI ACTIVATED CONCRETE (2019)

A large variety of mix design variables and environmental conditions in which alkali activated concretes (AAC) are cured, influences the nature and intensity of the binder formed. Equations developed for OPC-based concrete in various codes and published work may not accurately predict engineering properties of these AAC. AAC in this study was synthesized utilizing natural pozzolan (NP) in the presence of alkaline activators. Nano-SiO 2 was added for enhancing the strength development at room temperature curing as NP is a low calcium precursor material. Development of compressive strength, flexural strength and modulus of elasticity were investigated. Using the data generated, two constitutive models, relating the compressive strength to flexural strength and modulus of elasticity were developed and compared with the equations specified in international codes for OPC-based concrete and previous studies in the area. The results show that the ACI 318, underestimates the flexural strength and overestimates the modulus of elasticity of alkali activated concrete. However, constitutive models developed in this study are in good agreement with the equations proposed in the previous works for AAC. Only the limited data available to date on the engineering properties of AAC cannot be used to establish robust constitutive relationships and more research is required in this area.
Integrated microwave filters in MCM-D (2002)

Thin film multilayer Multichip Module technology (MCM-D) may be used to realise microwave circuits such as capacitors and inductors. These may be combined to form passive filter structures. Such filters are an essential element of microwave circuits. On monolithic microwave integrated circuits, these structures require a large area resulting in a high cost. In this paper we present microwave filters integrated in multilayer MCM-D technology. As MCM-D also provides the interconnect between the individual microwave components, an integrated microwave Junction is realised, reducing the global system cost. The inductive and capacitive elements that are used to realise the filters are presented. The design of a low pass and a band pass filter using these elements is discussed. Finally, measurements of realised filters are presented.
On quantum detection and the square-root measurement (2001)

We consider the problem of constructing measurements optimized to distinguish between a collection of possibly nonorthogonal quantum states. We consider a collection of pure states and seek a positive operator-valued measure (POVM) consisting of rank-one operators with measurement vectors closest in squared norm to the given states. We compare our results to previous measurements suggested by Peres and Wootters (1991) and Hausladen et al. (1996), where we refer to the latter as the square-root measurement (SRM). We obtain a new characterization of the SRM, and prove that it is optimal in a least-squares sense. In addition, we show that for a geometrically uniform state set the SRM minimizes the probability of a detection error. This generalizes a similar result of Ban et al. (see Int. J. Theor. Phys., vol.36, p.1269-88, 1997).
Document Image Restore via SPADE-Based Super-Resolution Network (2023)

With the development of deep learning technology, various structures and research methods for the super-resolution restoration of natural images and document images have been introduced. In particular, a number of recent studies have been conducted and developed in image restoration using generative adversarial networks. Super-resolution restoration is an ill-posed problem because of some complex restraints, such as many high-resolution images being restored for the same low-resolution image, as well as difficulty in restoring noises such as edges, light smudging, and blurring. In this study, we applied super-resolution restoration to text images using the spatially adaptive denormalization (SPADE) structure, different from previous methods. This paper used SPADE for document image restoration to solve previous problems such as edge unclearness, hardness to catch features of texts, and the image color transition. As a result of this study, it can be confirmed that the edge of the character and the ambiguous stroke are restored more clearly when contrasting with the other previously suggested methods. Additionally, the proposed method’s PSNR and SSIM scores are 8% and 15% higher compared to the previous methods.
Allelic Loss on Chromosome 8p in BRCA-1 Mutation Positive Breast/Ovarian Cancers (1998)

Abstract: Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome 8p in 20 BRCA-1 mutation positive familial breast/ovarian cancer patients from nine families was examined. Allelic deletions on chromosome 8p were identified with at least one marker in 11 of 17 (65%) informative cases. Seven of eight (88%) informative cases showed deletion of chromosome 17q consistent with inactivation of the BRCA-1 gene. Our data suggests loss of a tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 8p may be a frequent genetic event in the development of familial breast and ovarian cancer.