gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Agile Blocker and Clock Jitter Tolerant Low-Power Frequency Selective Receiver with Energy Harvesting Capability (2017)

In this article, a novel tunable, blocker and clock jitter tolerant, low power, quadrature phase shift frequency selective (QPS-FS) receiver with energy harvesting capability is proposed. The receiver's design embraces and integrates (i) the baseband to radio frequency (RF) impedance translation concept to improve selectivity over that of conventional homodyne receiver topologies and (ii) broadband quadrature phase shift circuitry in the RF path to remove an active multi-phase clock generation circuit in passive mixer (PM) receivers. The use of a single local oscillator clock signal with a passive clock division network improves the receiver's robustness against clock jitter and reduces the source clock frequency by a factor of N, compared to PM receivers using N switches (N≥4). As a consequence, the frequency coverage of the QPS-FS receiver is improved by a factor of N, given a clock source of maximum frequency; and, the power consumption of the whole receiver system can eventually be reduced. The tunable QPS-FS receiver separates the wanted RF band signal from the unwanted blockers/interferers. The desired RF signal is frequency down-converted to baseband, while the undesired blocker/interferer signals are reflected by the receiver, collected and could be energy recycled using an auxiliary energy harvesting device.
Spectral identification of transverse lasing modes of multimode index-guided vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (1998)

The identification of lasing modes in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) is usually based on the polarization-resolved near-field pattern identification, a method difficult to apply in the presence of multiple transverse modes. We study lasing modes of a multitransverse mode index-guided VCSEL under dc pumping conditions by considering in detail the modes’ spectral positions. The experimentally observed spectra are compared with theoretical calculations, based on a recently developed method for vectorial VCSEL eigenmodes [D. Burak and R. Binder, Appl. Phys. Lett. 72, 891 (1998)]. This allows for the identification of transverse lasing modes as a function of the pumping current. Two main effects that influence the spectral characteristics of the VCSEL are considered in our approach: temperature-induced linear shift of lasing wavelengths with increasing pumping current and switching of the lasing mode between different eigenmodes of the VCSEL cavity. The obtained temperature-dependent shift of the lasing frequencies agrees reasonably well with the value known from previous experimental estimations.
Bit Error Probability for Asynchronous Channel Access in Feedback-Less MFC with Scattered Pilot-Based FBMC-OQAM (2019)

Due to ever-increasing data rates in wireless communications and simultaneously increasing number of users, centrally coordinated systems suffer from large controlling overhead. This fact will become even more dramatic in the future as Machine-Type Communication (MTC) is expected to connect several billion devices worldwide. In this paper, we research asynchronous systems with transmit-only devices and therefore without controlling and feedback from the base station. In such feedback-less networks, signal collisions are inevitable and pose a major challenge for system design. We derive a closed-form solution for the Bit Error Probability (BEP) of multiple colliding signals modulated with Filter Bank Multicarrier (FBMC), a scheme well suited for MTC since it enables parallel channel access for multiple devices. The system presented utilizes scattered pilot-based channel estimation for equalization with auxiliary pilots. We compare the BEP with equalization based on perfect channel knowledge. The results are valid for any numbers of colliding FBMC signals over a broad range of channel configurations.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Reexpression of Tumor Suppressor, sFRP1, Leads to Antitumor Synergy of Combined HDAC and Methyltransferase Inhibitors in Chemoresistant Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 328K, Authentication of the VHL mutant (Exon 2 c.407T&gt;C) KIJ265T clear cell renal cell carcinoma cell line.&lt;/p&gt;
Layered Polymer Structure for pn Junction Photovoltaic Cells Prepared by Evaporative Spray Deposition using Ultradilute Solution (2008)

We successfully fabricated polymer photovoltaic cells with bilayer structure of distinct tetrahydrofuran (THF)-soluble polymers by Evaporative Spray Deposition using Ultradilute Solution (ESDUS). The top layer of an acceptor polymer was deposited by ESDUS onto a bottom layer consisting of donor polymers (polythiophene, polyphenylenevinylene or polyfluorene). PL spectra of the bilayer cells indicated that the top layer can be formed without dissolving the bottom layer. The photovoltaic performance was improved compared with the blend cells of the donor polymer and the acceptor polymer prepared by conventional spin-coating technique. It is suggested that layered structure of a donor polymer and an acceptor polymer is more suitable for polymer photovoltaics than the blend.
Readily Improvised Wrench for Reduction of Fractures During Closed Intramedullary Nailing (1987)

Overhead frame traction equipment can be used to build an adjustable, radiolucent, sterilizable, reduction device. The method achieves a quick and easy reduction of the fracture for passage of intramedullary nailing guide wires.
Analysis of vector LP modes in VCSELs using the effective frequency method (2001)

The effective frequency method (EFM) is generalized to the case of vector analysis of LP modes in VCSELs and applied to proton-implanted and oxide-confined VCSEL structures. Resonant wavelengths and mode profiles of a number of vector LP modes are calculated for different values of active region radius. The vector EFM is shown to provide important information about the vertical and radial components of the energy flux inside the laser structure. The maximum values for 'weak' E<SUB>z</SUB> and 'strong' E<SUB>x</SUB> components of the electrical field within the laser structure are calculated. Their intensity ratio in the 'near-cutoff' situation is suggested as a quantitative verification of weak-guiding assumption in VCSELs, on which the derivation of the EFM was based.
Claude Shannon: His Work and Its Legacy (2017)

The year 2016 marked the centennial of the birth of&#13;\nClaude Elwood Shannon, that singular genius whose fertile&#13;\nmind gave birth to the field of information theory.&#13;\nIn addition to providing a source of elegant and intriguing&#13;\nmathematical problems, this field has also had a profound&#13;\nimpact on other fields of science and engineering,&#13;\nnotably communications and computing, among many&#13;\nothers. While the life of this remarkable man has been&#13;\nrecounted elsewhere, in this article we seek to provide an&#13;\noverview of his major scientific contributions and their&#13;\nlegacy in today’s world. This is both an enviable and an&#13;\nunenviable task. It is enviable, of course, because it is a&#13;\nwonderful story; it is unenviable because it would take&#13;\nvolumes to give this subject its due. Nevertheless, in the&#13;\nhope of providing the reader with an appreciation of the&#13;\nextent and impact of Shannon’s major works, we shall try.
Effect of Instillation of Eyedrops for Dry Eye on Optical Quality (2013)

Quantitative serial measurement of HOAs and forward light scatter showed that the temporal reduction in optical quality may be attributed mainly to increased HOAs after instillation of highly viscous 0.3% sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic solution and to increased forward light scatter after instillation of 2% rebamipide ophthalmic suspension in healthy subjects.
Energy improvements from subpanel DC-DC converters in PV arrays with distributed mismatch (2016)

Mismatch in solar arrays is caused by singular sources or as a combination of multiple smaller effects which supplement one another. Subpanel dc-dc converters have demonstrated the ability to handle mismatch in photovoltaic (PV) strings regardless of the source. This work will investigate the impact on power production of varying degrees of mismatch spread throughout a PV array. A comparison is made between PV strings with dc-dc converters and conventional strings employing bypass diodes. When mismatch is widespread, the power output of strings with dc-dc converters tends to favor the mean maximum power point (MPP) of the PV elements. Power output of strings with bypass diodes tends to be pulled down by low power outliers.
A setup for simultaneous measurement of infrared spectra and light scattering signals: Watching amyloid fibrils grow from intact proteins (2014)

A setup for the simultaneous measurement of mid-infrared spectra and static light scattering is described that can be used for the analysis of the formation of nanoscale and microscopic aggregates from smaller molecules to biopolymers. It can be easily integrated into sample chambers of infrared spectrometers or combined with laser beams from tunable infrared lasers. Here, its use for the analysis of the formation of amyloid fibrils from intact proteins is demonstrated. The formation of amyloid fibrils or plaques from proteins is a widespread and pathogenetic relevant process, and a number of diseases are caused and correlated with the deposition of amyloid fibrils in cells and tissues. The molecular mechanisms of these transformations, however, are still unclear. We report here the simultaneous measurement of infrared spectra and static light scattering for the analysis of fibril formation from egg-white lysozyme. The transformation of the native form into non-native forms rich in β-sheet structure is measured by analysis of the amide I spectral region in the infrared spectra, which is sensitive for local structures. At the same time, light scattering signals at forward direction as well as the forward/backward ratio, which are sensitive for the number of scattering centers and their approximate sizes, respectively, are collected for the analysis of fibril growth. Thermodynamic and kinetic parameters as well as mechanistic information are deduced from the combination of the two complementary techniques.
High-performance InGaAs/InP-based single-photon avalanche diode with reduced afterpulsing (2010)

We report reduced afterpulsing for a high-performance InGaAs/InP single photon avalanche photodiode (SPAD) using a gated-mode passive quenching with active reset (gated-PQAR) circuit. Photon detection efficiency (PDE) and dark count probability (DCP) were measured at a gate repetition rate of 1 MHz. With a double-pulse measurement technique, the afterpulsing probability was measured for various hold-off times. At 230K, 0.3% afterpulsing probability for a 10 ns hold-off time was achieved with 13% PDE, 2×10<sup>-6</sup> DCP and 0.4 ns effective gate width. For the same hold off time, 30% PDE and 1×10<sup>-5</sup> DCP was achieved with 6% afterpulsing probability for an effective gate width of 0.7 ns.
New projection optics and aberration control system for the 45-nm node (2007)

The 65nm and the subsequent 45nm node lithography require very stringent CD control. To realize high-accuracy CD control on an exposure tool, it is essential to reduce wavefront aberrations induced by projection optics design and manufacturing errors and then stabilize the aberrations while the exposure tool is in operation. We have developed two types of new hyper-NA ArF projection optics to integrate into our new platform exposure tool: a dry system and a catadioptric system for immersion application. In this paper, aberration measurement results of these projection systems are shown, demonstrating that ultra-low aberration is realized. In addition, a new projection optical system has been developed which incorporates high degree-of-freedom Aberration Controllers and automatic aberration measuring sensors. These controllers and sensors are linked together through Aberration Solver, a software program to determine optimal target values for aberration correction, thereby allowing the projection optics to maintain its best optical properties. The system offers excellent performance in correcting aberrations that come from lens heating, and makes it possible to guarantee extremely low aberrations during operation of the exposure tool.
Effect of UV Irradiation and TiO2-Photocatalysis on Airborne Bacteria and Viruses: An Overview (2021)

Current COVID-19 pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has put a spotlight on the spread of infectious diseases brought on by pathogenic airborne bacteria and viruses. In parallel with a relentless search for therapeutics and vaccines, considerable effort is being expended to develop ever more powerful technologies to restricting the spread of airborne microorganisms in indoor spaces through the minimization of health- and environment-related risks. In this context, UV-based and photocatalytic oxidation (PCO)-based technologies (i.e., the combined action of ultraviolet (UV) light and photocatalytic materials such as titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>)) represent the most widely utilized approaches at present because they are cost-effective and ecofriendly. The virucidal and bactericidal effect relies on the synergy between the inherent ability of UV light to directly inactivate viral particles and bacteria through nucleic acid and protein damages, and the production of oxidative radicals generated through the irradiation of the TiO<sub>2</sub> surface. In this literature survey, we draw attention to the most effective UV radiations and TiO<sub>2</sub>-based PCO technologies available and their underlying mechanisms of action on both bacteria and viral particles. Since the fine tuning of different parameters, namely the UV wavelength, the photocatalyst composition, and the UV dose (viz, the product of UV light intensity and the irradiation time), is required for the inactivation of microorganisms, we wrap up this review coming up with the most effective combination of them. Now more than ever, UV- and TiO<sub>2</sub>-based disinfection technologies may represent a valuable tool to mitigate the spread of airborne pathogens.
SKiM - A generalized literature-based discovery system for uncovering novel biomedical knowledge from PubMed (2020)

Abstract Literature-based discovery (LBD) uncovers undiscovered public knowledge by linking terms A to C via a B intermediate. Existing LBD systems are limited to process certain A, B, and C terms, and many are not maintained. We present SKiM (Serial KinderMiner), a generalized LBD system for processing any combination of A, Bs, and Cs. We evaluate SKiM via the rediscovery of discoveries by Don Swanson, who pioneered LBD. Using only literature from the 19th century up to a year before Swanson’s discoveries, SKiM uncovers all five discoveries. We apply SKiM to repurposing drugs for 26 conditions of high prevalence. Manual analysis confirmed 65 discoveries useful for four diseases from Swanson’s discoveries from one to 31 years prior to their first validation by clinical trials. SKiM predicts many new potential drug candidates representing prime targets for wet lab validation. SKiM can be applied to any biomedical inquiry sufficiently mentioned in the literature.
Cornell product is an ECG marker of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (2019)

The Cornell product is an easily applicable ECG marker of HFpEF and predicts poor prognosis by reflecting the severity of diastolic dysfunction and LV hypertrophy.
Author response: A model for regulation by SynGAP-α1 of binding of synaptic proteins to PDZ-domain 'Slots' in the postsynaptic density (2016)

The formation of memories is believed to depend on the strengthening of connections, called synapses, between neurons in the brain. When neurons are activated together, their synaptic connections become permanently strengthened to record the memory. This strengthening is called activity-dependent long-term potentiation. As long-term potentiation develops, more protein receptors are added to the receiving side of the synapse. This allows the receiving neuron to produce a larger electrical response to the signaling chemicals it receives from the neuron on the sending side of the synapse. The addition of receptors is regulated by a set of enzymes held near the membrane of the synapse by a protein scaffold known as the postsynaptic density. A major scaffold protein called PSD-95 contains binding sites, known as PDZ domains, that hold protein receptors and regulatory enzymes in place. One regulatory enzyme called synGAP is present in large numbers in the postsynaptic density and binds to the same PDZ domains as the receptors. Humans that have just one copy (instead of the usual two) of the gene that encodes synGAP have cognitive disabilities that are often accompanied by autism and epilepsy. By studying purified proteins, Walkup et al. found that adding phosphate groups to synGAP reduces the enzyme’s ability to bind to the PDZ domains. This reduced binding ability could make more PDZ domains available to bind to protein receptors and hold them at the synapse. To measure the effect of reduced synGAP levels on the proteins found at postsynaptic densities, Walkup et al. used mice that had just one copy of the synGAP gene in their neurons. These mice have less synGAP in their postsynaptic densities and more of three proteins that bind to PDZ domains. These proteins hold receptors in the synapse and help synapses to form. Thus, synGAP may restrict the binding of other proteins to the PDZ domains in order to regulate the strength of the synapse. Further experiments are now needed to investigate the importance of restriction by synGAP of binding to PDZ domains under a variety of circumstances in which the activity of neurons alters the strength of synapses.
Elevation of human ERV3-1 env protein expression in colorectal cancer (2014)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> An 85-year-old man presented to hospital as an emergency having difficulties with swallowing and speech. In the emergency department, he was assessed as having acute onset dysphagia and dysarthria in keeping with an acute stroke. Subsequently, it became apparent that although the symptoms were indeed of relatively acute onset, there was a clear description by the patient of fatigability and diurnal variation, prompting a working clinical diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. The patient followed a turbulent clinical course, and interpretation of investigation results proved not to be straightforward in the acute setting. Myasthenia gravis is an uncommon disorder but it is more common in the elderly. This case provides key learning points, particularly highlighting the value of prompt, accurate clinical assessment and the importance of adhering to the clinical diagnostic formulation.
Genetic optimization of photonic bandgap structures (2007)

We investigate the use of a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to design a set of photonic crystals (PCs) in one and two dimensions. Our flexible design methodology allows us to optimize PC structures for specific objectives. In this paper, we report the results of several such GA-based PC optimizations. We show that the GA performs well even in very complex design spaces, and therefore has great potential as a robust design tool in a range of PC applications.
Object Reidentification In Real World Scenarios Across Multiple Non-Overlapping Cameras (2010)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Aalborg, Denmark, 2010
Abstract 4033: Gene expression of EdU proliferating cells made possible with improved click chemistry. (2013)

Abstract Gene expression profiling of cancer cells has become increasingly common over the past five years. Especially important is identifying changes in gene expression caused by drug treatment leading to side populations with altered pathways. These populations can escape drug treatment and lead to recurrence. Characterizing gene expression of proliferating cells requires a method of identifying proliferation while simultaneously maintaining high quality RNA. Typically, cells are screened in a drug panel in the presence of tritiated thymidine or BrdU to identify the drug resistance in the proliferating population. Proliferation detection with these methods is neither rapid nor does it yield high quality RNA for profiling. A new proliferation method based on click chemistry using an alkyne modified thymidine analog (EdU), which can be used to rapidly identify replicating cells appears ideally suited for this application; however, copper used for the catalysis of the click reaction causes undesired degradation of RNA. Recent improvements to the copper based click reaction are presented here whereby the copper is tightly controlled, resulting in higher quality RNA useful for sequencing. In this study we demonstrate gene expression changes in the proliferating population of a drug resistant cancer cell line compared to the parental cell lines. Proliferating cells were identified using an improved click reaction comprising of a copper(I) ligand combined with a picolyl modified dye azide detection reagent. Total RNA from these cells was isolated and gene expression was assessed by targeted RNA sequencing using an RNA Apoptosis panel and an RNA Cancer panel using proton based sequencing technology. Use of an improved copper “safe” click reaction for detection of nascent DNA, allows for detection of incorporated click analog for measuring proliferation and subsequent isolation of high quality RNA for use in sequence analysis. Citation Format: Scott T. Clarke, Angie Cheng, Aleksey Rukavishnikov, Michelle Yan, Upinder Singh, Kyle Gee, Susan Magdaleno. Gene expression of EdU proliferating cells made possible with improved click chemistry. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4033. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4033
<title>Wireless optics protection of fiber via SONET ring closure</title> (2001)

12 A free-space laser link closes an otherwise all-fiber SONET ring, demonstrating for the first time the feasibility of using wireless optics as a back-up to fiber in an application demanding the highest levels of statistical availability and sub-50-ms protection-restoral times. This experiment demonstrates that protocol-transparent wireless optical links can be readily internetworked with industry- standard fiber-based protection protocols to achieve SONET restoral times in the event of a fiber cut. By using the wireless optics as a back-up to fiber rather than as the primary link, end-users are normally protected from the unavoidable burst errors and outages that can arise on a wireless optical link in the event of anomalously poor atmospheric visibility or unanticipated line-of-sight obstructions. While an all-fiber SONET ring operating over physically diverse paths is generally preferred, hybrid fiber/air rings operating over physically-diverse paths (fiber as one path and air as the other) will easily meet or exceed existing Bellcore availability standards for SONET rings. The hybrid part-fiber, part-air ring advantageously protects customers from fiber cuts (a.k.a. `backhoe fade') and may be preferable to over service via either an unprotected fiber spur or over a `collapsed' fiber ring made up of fiber segments sharing a common conduit. The experiment is performed at an OC-12 (622 Mbps) data rate in a point-to-consecutive point configuration which demonstrates the use of a relay site to work-around a line- of-sight obstruction.