gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Application of X‐Ray Crystallographic Methods in the Design of Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase Inhibitorsa (1993)

ccIBA-Gkgy cbrpwationPurine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP, EC 2.4.2.1) catalyzes the reversible phosphorolysis of ribonucleosides and 2'-deoxyribonucleosides to (2-deoxy) ribose-1-phosphate and the free base.1-2 Although equilibrium favors nucleoside synthesis,
A sustainable light-chargeable two-electrode energy storage system based on aqueous sodium-ion photo-intercalation (2020)

An aqueous two-electrode photo-rechargeable storage system featuring Na<sup>+</sup> photo-intercalation into CdS-sensitized TiO<sub>2</sub> photoelectrode, Cu<sub>2</sub>S counter electrode and polysulfide electrolyte.
Is Ionic Dialysance a Valid Parameter for Quantification of Dialysis Efficiency? (1998)

The on-line measurement during hemodialysis of ionic dialysance provides an estimation of urea clearance with a good and already proven correlation. Some discrepancies remain controversial, and the influence of the dialyzer membrane is still being debated. Eighty-eight measurements of ionic dialysance (ID) were performed with a Diascan module (Hospal R&D, Int., Lyon, France), 51 with cellulosic membranes, and 37 with synthetic membranes, chosen according to their surface charges. The ID was compared to the urea clearance (UK) measured from the blood (n=16) and dialysate (n=88) sides. The ID is closely correlated (r=0.91) but significantly (p < 0.01) lower than the UK by 5% (ID/UK=0.95+/-0.06). The correlation is improved by a semilogarithmic regression analysis (r=0.93). Regarding the influence of the membrane charge, a slight difference is only evidenced for UK < 180 ml/min whereby ID is closer to the urea clearance for the charged membranes (ID/UK=0.98+/-0.05 for charged membranes versus 0.95+/-0.05 for noncharged membranes, p < 0.05). The discrepancy between ID and UK could be related with the difference in the blood distribution volume of urea and that of electrolytes. The good correlation provides the major argument for ID being used as a monitoring parameter of the delivered dialysis dose. Having integrated the discrepancy between ID and UK, prescription can be guided by ID for delivering the adequate normalized dialysis dose as defined by Kt/V.
A path to practical Solar Pumped Lasers via Radiative Energy Transfer (2015)

The optical conversion of incoherent solar radiation into a bright, coherent laser beam enables the application of nonlinear optics to solar energy conversion and storage. Here, we present an architecture for solar pumped lasers that uses a luminescent solar concentrator to decouple the conventional trade-off between solar absorption efficiency and the mode volume of the optical gain material. We report a 750-μm-thick Nd(3+)-doped YAG planar waveguide sensitized by a luminescent CdSe/CdZnS (core/shell) colloidal nanocrystal, yielding a peak cascade energy transfer of 14%, a broad spectral response in the visible portion of the solar spectrum, and an equivalent quasi-CW solar lasing threshold of 23 W-cm(-2), or approximately 230 suns. The efficient coupling of incoherent, spectrally broad sunlight in small gain volumes should allow the generation of coherent laser light from intensities of less than 100 suns.
Finding similar acoustic events using matching pursuit and locality-sensitive hashing (2009)

There are many applications for the ability to find repetitions of perceptually similar sound events in generic audio recordings. We explore the use of matching pursuit (MP) derived features to identify repeated patterns that characterize distinct acoustic events. We use locality-sensitive hashing (LSH) to efficiently search for similar items. We describe a method for detecting repetitions of events, and demonstrate performance on real data.
Solidification in anisotropic thermoplastic composites (1990)

Abstract Heat transfer analysis in thermoplastic composites manufacturing offers several challenges. The melting/solidification process results in the appearance of a molving solid‐fluid interface or two‐phase zone. The presence of reinforcing fibers with thermal conductivities substantially different than those of matrix meterials causes the composite material to behave anisotropically. Furthermore, an analysis should be adaptable to complex geometries if it is to be useful for practical applications. In this paper, a numerical approach is presented to develop an analysis tool for the processing of thermoplastic‐matrix composites. A numerical grid generation technique is employed to determine the temperature distribution within the part while accounting for the heat absorption and liberation during the solidification stage. The influence of anisotropy in the domain is accounted for by considering thermal conductivity as a second‐order tensor which varies continuously throughout the domain. Sample part configurations are used to demonstrate the applicability of this technique to thermoplastic composites processing.
Stimuli responsive AIE active positional isomers of phenanthroimidazole as non-doped emitters in OLEDs (2018)

Development of aggregation induced emission (AIE) active mechanochromic positional isomers of phenanthroimidazole comprising of triphenylamine and tetraphenylethylene.
Monte Carlo simulation of the exciton hopping in quaternary AlInGaN (2003)

Phonon-assisted exciton hopping in quaternary AlInGaN was simulated by using a Monte Carlo procedure. Simulation results based on the conventional model are unable to simultaneously describe the S- and W-shaped temperature dependences of the photoluminescence band peak and line width, respectively. In particular, such simulation yielded a much narrower line than that experimentally observed. To quantitatively describe the “anomalous” temperature behavior of the emission line in the temperature range of 8–150 K, we propose a model based on exciton hopping in isolated In-rich clusters with a random distribution in average localization energy. Our results confirm the formation of In-rich clusters in an AlInGaN alloy with a roughness of the potential profile in the individual clusters of ≈16 meV and their distribution in average localization energy of ≈42 meV. (© 2003 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Vulkanseismologie – ein Blick ins Innere der Vulkane (2016)

Volcanic activity involves different processes on different scales at depth and at the surface. Many of them generate seismic signals,\nranging from tiny, earthquake-like signals to increased continuous vibrations to significant ground motion events before and during\nvolcanic eruptions. A range of modern tools of volcano seismology is nowadays used to monitor changes in the volcanic activity and\nvolcanic unrest. Additionally, advanced seismology is able to image the deep volcanic structures at high resolution and to map the\ndepth and size of magmatic reservoirs beneath volcanoes. Although seismology is a key technology for volcano research and the\nassessment of volcanic hazard, novel concepts of volcano monitoring combine seismology with different types of multi-parameter\nsensors to characterize the processes accompanying volcanic unrest. GFZ is developing advanced approaches for volcano monitoring\nand volcano modeling involving a broad scale of instruments and disciplines. The article focuses mainly on two examples from volcanoes\nin South America and Iceland showing how large magmatic reservoirs are slowly filled over periods of decades and abruptly\ndepleted over periods of months during volcanic eruptions.
Pinacol−Pinacolone Rearrangements in vic-Dihydroxychlorins and Bacteriochlorins:  Effect of Substituents at the Peripheral Positions (1997)

Upon reaction with osmium tetraoxide a series of porphyrins and chlorins were converted into the corresponding vic-dihydroxychlorins and bacteriochlorins. The presence of an electron-withdrawing substituent at a peripheral position on the porphyrins or chlorins deactivated that particular pyrrole unit toward oxidation, and also directed the oxidation regioselectively to the pyrrole ring opposite to the one bearing the electronegative group. The vic-dihydroxychlorins and bacteriochlorins were converted into the corresponding oxochlorins and dioxobacteriochlorins under pinacol−pinacolone reaction conditions. The migratory behavior of the various substituents were found to be quite complex, since distant conjugated peripheral substituents were able to affect the stability of the carbocation intermediates during the process; the ability to rearrange was affected not only by the intrinsic nature of the migratory group but also by steric and electronic factors operative elsewhere on the porphyrin and chlorin macrocycles. Preferential migration of the propionic ester over the methyl substituent in dioxobacteriochlorins obtained from 2,3,12,13-tetrahydroxycoproporphyrin II tetramethyl ester (IUPAC nomenclature) under pinacol−pinacolone conditions was confirmed by a single crystal X-ray study. The dioxobacteriochlorins obtained from mesoporphyrin III dimethyl ester and coproporphyrin II tetramethyl ester were converted into the corresponding dithio-analogues using Lawesson's reagent; this caused a red shift of 62 nm (compared with the dioxo compounds) affording long wavelength absorption at λmax 746 nm.
Supplementary Table 4 from Reorganization of the 3D Genome Pinpoints Noncoding Drivers of Primary Prostate Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Individual TAD calls in all 12 tumour and 5 benign samples.&lt;/p&gt;
Generic Lithography Modeling with Dual-band Optics-Inspired Neural Networks (2022)

Lithography simulation is a critical step in VLSI design and optimization for manufacturability. Existing solutions for highly accurate lithography simulation with rigorous models are computationally expensive and slow, even when equipped with various approximation techniques. Recently, machine learning has provided alternative solutions for lithography simulation tasks such as coarse-grained edge placement error regression and complete contour prediction. However, the impact of these learning-based methods has been limited due to restrictive usage scenarios or low simulation accuracy. To tackle these concerns, we introduce an dual-band optics-inspired neural network design that considers the optical physics underlying lithography. To the best of our knowledge, our approach yields the first published via/metal layer contour simulation at 1nm^2/pixel resolution with any tile size. Compared to previous machine learning based solutions, we demonstrate that our framework can be trained much faster and offers a significant improvement on efficiency and image quality with 20X smaller model size. We also achieve 85X simulation speedup over traditional lithography simulator with 1% accuracy loss.
Static Characteristic Analysis of Proposed Bi-Directional Dual Active Bridge DC-DC Converter (2015)

Recently, increased attention is being paid to power supply networks using energy storage devices such as batteries. Network topologies using bi-directional isolated DC-DC converters of low or medium capacity are required for the diversification of power supply networks. The dual active bridge (DAB) DC-DC converter is one of the most effective bi-directional isolated DC-DC converters. However, the circuit has some inherent problems such as degradation of power efficiency and the occurrence of surges during light-load operation. In this paper, we propose a control technique to solve these problems. From the experimental results, it is confirmed that the maximum power efficiency improvement was 16% for a light load. Applying two operation modes, the proposed operation in light load and the conventional operation in heavy load, the circuit can be operated across a full range of road. To switch between the two modes seamlessly, the precise boundary point of the two modes is needed for feedback control. Therefore, a precise static characteristic analysis with loss was carried out. From the results, the loss included simple equivalent circuit model was obtained. The root mean square error between the proposed analysis and the experimental results is within 4%.
Abstract of "BYPASS EFFECT IN HIGH PERFORMANCE HEAT SINKS" (2000)

Studies using commercial computational fluid dynamics software, running on a supercomputer, were carried out to investigate the effects of fin density, inlet duct velocity, and clearance area ratio, on the extent of flow bypass and its impact on the thermal performance of the heat sink. Flow bypass was found to increase with increasing fin density and clearance, while remaining relatively insensitive to inlet duct velocity. An optimum geometry, for a fixed inlet duct velocity, bypass clearance, fixed heat sink volume, and constant thickness, was determined.
Table S3 from Whole-Genome Sequencing of Salivary Gland Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Copy number variations in adenoid cystic carcinoma (N=25).&lt;/p&gt;
Investigation of Metallic Contamination Analysis Using Vapor Phase Decomposition – Droplet Collection – Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence (VPD-DC-TXRF) for Pt-Group Elements on Silicon Wafers (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Virus Glycoproteins Tagged with the Human Fc Domain as Second Generation Vaccine Candidates (2012)

Traditional vaccines such as inactivated or live attenuated vaccines, are gradually giving way to more biochemically defined vaccines that are most often based on a recombinant antigen known to possess neutralizing epitopes. Such vaccines can offer improvements in speed, safety and manufacturing process but an inevitable consequence of their high degree of purification is that immunogenicity is reduced through the lack of the innate triggering molecules present in more complex preparations. Targeting recombinant vaccines to antigen presenting cells (APCs) such as dendritic cells however can improve immunogenicity by ensuring that antigen processing is as efficient as possible. Immune complexes, one of a number of routes of APC targeting, are mimicked by a recombinant approach, crystallizable fragment (Fc) fusion proteins, in which the target immunogen is linked directly to an antibody effector domain capable of interaction with receptors, FcR, on the APC cell surface. A number of virus Fc fusion proteins have been expressed in insect cells using the baculovirus expression system and shown to be efficiently produced and purified. Their use for immunization next to non-Fc tagged equivalents shows that they are powerfully immunogenic in the absence of added adjuvant and that immune stimulation is the result of the Fc-FcR interaction.
Improved Urban Navigation with Direct Positioning and Specular Matching (2020)

This paper introduces an assisted GPS direct positioning estimation (DPE) technique in conjunction with visibility and specularity matching techniques based on 3D building information for positioning in an urban environment. Results from static experiments in the city of Denver, CO are presented. The locations are chosen to demonstrate conditions where GPS signals reach the receiver in several different ways: a direct-line-of-sight (DLOS) path only; a combination of DLOS and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) paths known as multipath; and a strictly NLOS path with buildings blocking the DLOS path. Use of signal visibility and specular reflection predictions within the DPE can improve positioning. We show that when we explicitly account for visibility and have some indication of specularity the RMS position error is reduced from approximately 30 to 10 meters.
IoT Based Longitudinal Monitoring of Activity and Posture Transitions in Smart Homes (2019)

Substantial growth in the number of older adults around the globe, typically with multiple chronic conditions and insufficient number of geriatricians, created significant need for technological solutions that can support independence of older adults in their own homes, also known as aging in place. Continuous monitoring of activities of daily living provides opportunity for monitoring of behavior and the overall state of the users. Although many projects use commercially available wearable sensors based on low power/low range sensors, rapid development of IoT infrastructure provides new integration modalities. We present an implementation of a WiFi based IoT sensor for monitoring of user's activity and posture, using ESP8266 controller and BNO055 Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU). Sensor intelligence facilitates low duty cycle that extends battery life, which is necessary for prolonged and longitudinal monitoring. We developed a simple model to recognize likely posture transitions that can be run on limited resources of ESP8266, our primary focus is recognition of sitting-to-standing (Si2St) and standing-to-sitting (St2Si) transitions. All probable events are transmitted to a home server/gateway, in our case Raspberry Pi 3+, for final processing and storage in subject's record on a remote medical server. In this paper we present system implementation, signal processing, and results from the pilot test of the system.
Geometric and Physical Constraints for Head Plane Crowd Density Estimation in Videos. (2018)

State-of-the-art methods of people counting in crowded scenes rely on deep networks to estimate people density in the image plane. Perspective distortion effects are handled implicitly by either learning scale-invariant features or estimating density in patches of different sizes, neither of which accounts for the fact that scale changes must be consistent over the whole scene. In this paper, we show that feeding an explicit model of the scale changes to the network considerably increases performance. An added benefit is that it lets us reason in terms of number of people per square meter on the ground, allowing us to enforce physically-inspired temporal consistency constraints that do not have to be learned. This yields an algorithm that outperforms state-of-the-art methods on crowded scenes, especially when perspective effects are strong.
Experience with Collaborating Managers: Node Group Manager and Provisioning Manager (2005)

This paper presents an autonomic system in which two managers with different responsibilities collaborate to achieve an overall objective. The first, a node group manager, uses modeling and optimization algorithms to allocate server processes and individual requests among a set of server machines grouped into node groups, and also estimates its ability to fulfill its service-level objectives as a function of the number of server machines available in each node group. The second, a provisioning manager, consumes these estimates from one or more node group managers, and uses them to allocate machines to node groups over a longer timescale. We describe the operation of both managers and the information that flows between them, and present the results of a simple experiment demonstrating the effectiveness of our technique. Furthermore, we relate our architecture to a general autonomic computing architecture based on self-managing resources and patterns of inter-resource collaboration. We also discuss some of the issues involved in incorporating our implementation into existing products in the short term, and describe a number of further directions for this research
Supplementary Figure 2 from Forkhead Box F1 Regulates Tumor-Promoting Properties of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Lung Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from Forkhead Box F1 Regulates Tumor-Promoting Properties of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Lung Cancer
Contactless manipulation of subwavelength-structured acoustic metasurfaces (2023)

The use of acoustic waves to actuate materials without physical contact is relevant in a variety of fields, including assembly, imaging, and holography. Current acoustic manipulation techniques can produce high-precision, non-invasive and non-contact forces, but they are generally limited to small (subwavelength) objects due to the nature of acoustic trapping potentials. In this study, we describe an approach for overcoming these limitations by using metasurfaces to control the refraction of sound waves. We present theory, simulations, and experimental results showing how a deliberately engineered metasurface can steer the momentum of sound waves and therefore control the intensity and the direction of acoustic radiation pressure. To illustrate the potential applications of this concept, we demonstrate acoustic metasurfaces which exhibit dynamical phenomena such as self-guidance and contactless acoustic pulling. We expand this analysis to survey how this concept can be implemented in different metasurface unit cell topologies and how it scales with different acoustic frequencies. Our results combine actuation with acoustic metamaterial physics to provide novel degrees of freedom to control acoustic forces beyond the limits of traditional wave-matter interactions. Nat. Commun. 13, 6533 (2022).
Double-bounce multi-level physical optics algorithm for far-field scattering (2011)

The fast physical optics (FPO) algorithm for computing double-bounce scattering over ranges of aspect angles and frequencies is extended to encompass a three dimensional multi-level algorithm. Computations are performed within the framework of the physical optics approximation appropriate in the high-frequency regime. The proposed algorithm is directly applicable to monostatic configurations and a variety of double scattering settings.
Engineering Polymer Blends for Impact Damage Mitigation (2016)

Structures containing polymers such as DuPont's Surlyn® 8940, demonstrate puncture healing when impacted by a 9 millimeter projectile traveling from speeds near 300 meters per second (1,100 feet per second) to hypervelocity impacts in the micrometeoroid velocity range of 5 kilometers per second (16,000 feet per second). Surlyn® 8940 puncture heals over a temperature range of minus 30 degrees Centigrade to plus 70 degrees Centigrade and shows potential for use in pressurized vessels subject to impact damage. However, such polymers are difficult to process and limited in applicability due to their low thermal stability, poor chemical resistance and overall poor mechanical properties. In this work, several puncture healing engineered melt formulations were developed. Moldings of melt blend formulations were impacted with a 5.56 millimeter projectile with a nominal velocity of 945 meters per second (3,100 feet per second) at about 25 degrees Centigrade, 50 degrees Centigrade and 100 degrees Centigrade, depending upon the specific blend being investigated. Self-healing tendencies were determined using surface vacuum pressure tests and tensile tests after penetration using tensile dog-bone specimens (ASTM D 638-10). For the characterization of tensile properties both pristine and impacted specimens were tested to obtain tensile modulus, yield stress and tensile strength, where possible. Experimental results demonstrate a range of new puncture healing blends which mitigate damage in the ballistic velocity regime.
Tritium catalyzed deuterium tokamaks (1984)

A preliminary assessment of the promise of the Tritium Catalyzed Deuterium (TCD) tokamak power reactors relative to that of deuterium-tritium (D-T) and catalyzed deuterium (Cat-D) tokamaks is undertaken. The TCD mode of operation is arrived at by converting the /sup 3/He from the D(D,n)/sup 3/He reaction into tritium, by neutron capture in the blanket; the tritium thus produced is fed into the plasma. There are three main parts to the assessment: blanket study, reactor design and economic analysis and an assessment of the prospects for improvements in the performance of TCD reactors (and in the promise of the TCD mode of operation, in general).