gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 698: Functional outcome and socio-psychological problems for bone & soft tissue sarcoma patients in childhood & AYA generation (2017)

Abstract [Objective] To elucidate the problems between functional and sociological outcomes in patients of bone and soft tissue sarcomas in childhood and adolescent/young adult (AYA) generation. [Method] Clinical (prognostic and functional) and socio-psychological outcomes were retrospectively analyzed in 50 patients with bone and soft tissue sarcomas under 29 years old treated in our institute from 1998 to 2014. [Results] Twenty-two patients under 15 and 28 of AYA generation (15 to 29 years old) (28 male and 22 female) were subjected, including 35 cases of bone and 15 cases of soft tissue sarcomas, and 39 of extremity cases. Most common diagnosis was osteosarcoma of 27 cases. Limb-sparing surgery was performed in 30 cases, including 14 of prosthetic and 8 of biological reconstruction for bone tumors. Overall Survival rates were 79% for 2 year and 61% for 5 year follow-up periods. 70% of the patients experienced limited activities; 50% in high school and college students experienced drop-out or delay, suspension and repeating the same class; 56% faced to their job lost or limitation of job search; 20% experienced changes of relationship with families and partners (Table). Most taken palliative care intervention was the counseling for family members and caregivers, besides pain management and psychological care. Correlation coefficient failed to show a significant correlation between functional score and sociological disability score both in all limb sparing cases (R2 = 0.2664) and in osteosarcoma cases ((R2 = 0.1757) . [Conclusion] The sociological problems for patients in this particular group could be focused on school life, job search and relationship with families and partners. QOL is a multidimensional measure with various domains, such as physical, psychological, social well-being, spiritual health as well as functional ability, therefore, multi-disciplinary care for socio-physiological and psychological disadvantage must be taken for this group of patients at earliest convenience. Reletionship between physiological and socio-psychological problemsSubjectAll patientsLimb-spared patinetsLimitation of activities70% (30/43)75% (21/28)School dropout/delay in high-schoolers &amp; college students50% (14/28)32% (8/25)Lost jobs/job search difficulties56% (9/16)33% (3/9)Changing social reletions with families &amp; partners20% (8/40)21% (3/28) Citation Format: Kanya Honoki, Toshiaki Shinomiya, Hiromasa Fujii, Takashi Ishihara, Shinji Tsukamoto, Shingo Kishi, Yumiko Kondo, Akira Kido, Toshifumi Tsujiuchi, Midori Shima, Yasuhito Tanaka. Functional outcome and socio-psychological problems for bone &amp; soft tissue sarcoma patients in childhood &amp; AYA generation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 698. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-698
HIV-1 Tat Induces Neuronal Death via Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Activation of Non-N-methyl-d-aspartate Receptors by a NFκB-Independent Mechanism (1998)

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection of the central nervous system may result in neuronal apoptosis in vulnerable brain regions, including cerebral cortex and basal ganglia. The mechanisms for neuronal loss are likely to be multifactorial and indirect, since HIV-1 productively infects brain-resident macrophages and microglia but does not cause cytolytic infection of neurons in the central nervous system. HIV-1 infection of macrophages and microglia leads to production and release of diffusible factors that result in neuronal cell death, including the HIV-1 regulatory protein Tat. We demonstrate in this report that recombinant Tat1-86 and Tat peptides containing the basic region induce neuronal apoptosis in approximately 50% of vulnerable neurons in both rat and human neuronal cultures, and this apoptotic cell death is mediated by release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha, and by activation of glutamate receptors of the non-N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype. Finally, we show that Tat-induced apoptosis of human neuronal cell cultures occurs in the absence of activation of the transcription factor NFkappaB. These findings further define cellular pathways activated by Tat, that dysregulate production of tumor necrosis factor alpha, and lead to activation of glutamate receptors and neuronal death during HIV-1 infection of the central nervous system.
Supplementary Table S1 from The Septin-Binding Protein Anillin Is Overexpressed in Diverse Human Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Anillin Table&lt;/p&gt;
Path Independence, Rationality, and Social Choice (1973)

The paper provides several axiomatizations of the concept of "path independence" as applied to choice functions defined over finite sets.The axioms are discussed in terms of their relationship to "rationality" postulates and their meaning with respect to social choice models.
Conserved T-cell receptor repertoire in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus monkeys. (1993)

Studies to assess the possibility that the HIV may encode a superantigen that plays a role in the depletion of functional CD4+ lymphocytes in the infected individual have yielded discrepant results. The problem in performing conclusive examinations of this issue may be attributed, at least in part, to the difficulty of prospectively studying individuals from before their infection until the time of profound CD4+ lymphocyte loss. To determine whether the AIDS virus deletes particular subpopulations of V beta-expressing lymphocytes, we have employed an animal model of AIDS, the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected macaque monkey. Rhesus monkeys were experimentally infected with SIVmac and studied prospectively. A PCR-based quantitative method for assessing TCR repertoire was employed to analyze the expression of 24 V beta and 30 V alpha gene families in the monkeys. Although circulating PBL were increased in number by 3 wk after SIVmac infection, the expanded lymphocyte populations exhibited no significant perturbation in their TCR V beta repertoires. PBL obtained from monkeys before and 0.5 to 3 years after infection displayed no significant change in V beta and V alpha gene family expression. Finally, no deletion of V beta-expressing cell subpopulations could be demonstrated in purified CD4+ lymphocytes from infected monkeys. This was true even for monkeys whose blood contained less than 200 CD4+ lymphocytes/microliters. These results indicate that the TCR repertoire is conserved in SIVmac-infected rhesus monkeys and suggests that mechanisms other than superantigen-induced deletion must be responsible for CD4+ lymphocyte loss in these animals.
FPGA implementation of IEEE-754 floating point Karatsuba multiplier (2014)

The floating point arithmetic, specifically multiplication, is a widely used computational operation in many scientific and signal processing applications. In general, the IEEE-754 single-precision multiplier requires a 23 × 23 mantissa multiplication and the double-precision multiplier requires a large 52 × 52 mantissa multiplier to obtain the final result. This computation exists as a limit on both area and performance bounds of this operation. A lot of multiplication algorithms have been developed during the past decades. In this paper, the two of the popular algorithms, namely, Booth and Karatsuba (Normal and Recursive) multipliers have been implemented, and a performance comparison is also made. The algorithms have been implemented on an uniform reconfigurable FPGA platform providing a comparison of FPGA resources utilized and execution speeds. The recursive Karatsuba is the best performing algorithm among the algorithms.
Isolation of human KB cell lines resistant to epidermal growth factor-Pseudomonas exotoxin conjugates. (1987)

Mutants of the human KB carcinoma cell line resistant to a cytotoxic conjugate of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE) were selected. EGF-PE and the drug verapamil, which enhanced EGF-PE cytotoxicity, were used in the selection process. These mutants also showed some cross-resistance to PE. All of the EGF-PE resistant variants displayed lower levels of 125I-EGF binding, 20-50% of parental KB levels, without altered affinity for EGF and grew at a slower rate than the parental cell line KB-3-1. These results indicate that EGF-PE resistant KB cells have a complex phenotype which includes a reduction in the number of EGF receptors and reduced sensitivity to unconjugated PE. Resistance to toxin-conjugates, although pleiotropic, is specific and does not lead to resistance to multiple other anticancer drugs, nor are independently selected multidrug resistant KB lines resistant to PE. These results argue that protocols for cancer treatment could effectively use specifically designed cytotoxic toxin conjugates as an adjunct to conventional chemotherapy.
CASPER: An Integrated Software Platform for Rapid Development of CRISPR Tools (2022)

Both academic and enterprise software solutions exist for designing CRISPR targets. They offer advantages when designing guide RNAs (gRNAs) but often focus on a select number of model organisms. Those that offer a wide variety of organisms can be limited in support of alternative endonucleases and downstream analyses such as multitargeting and population analyses to interrogate a microbiome. To accommodate broad CRISPR utilization, we developed a flexible platform software <i>C</i>RISPR <i>A</i>ssociated <i>S</i>oftware for <i>P</i>athway <i>E</i>ngineering and <i>R</i>esearch (CASPER) for gRNA generation and analysis in any organism and with any CRISPR-Cas system. CASPER combines traditional gRNA design tools with unique functions such as multiple Cas-type gRNA generation and evaluation of spacer redundancy in a single species or microbiome. The analyses have implications for strain-, species-, or genus-specific CRISPR diagnostic probe design and microbiome manipulation. The novel features of CASPER are packaged in a user-friendly interface to create a computational environment for researchers to streamline the utility of CRISPR-Cas systems.
Topographic regulation of cytoskeletal protein phosphorylation by multimeric complexes in the squid giant fiber system (1999)

In mammalian and squid nervous systems, the phosphorylation of neurofilament proteins (NFs) seems to be topographically regulated. Although NFs and relevant kinases are synthesized in cell bodies, phosphorylation of NFs, particularly in the lys-ser-pro (KSP) repeats in NF-M and NF-H tail domains, seem to be restricted to axons. To explore the factors regulating the cellular compartmentalization of NF phosphorylation, we separated cell bodies (GFL) from axons in the squid stellate ganglion and compared the kinase activity in the respective lysates. Although total kinase activity was similar in each lysate, the profile of endogenous phosphorylated substrates was strikingly different. Neurofilament protein 220 (NF220), high-molecular-weight NF protein (HMW), and tubulin were the principal phosphorylated substrates in axoplasm, while tubulin was the principal GFL phosphorylated substrate, in addition to highly phosphorylated low-molecular-weight proteins. Western blot analysis showed that whereas both lysates contained similar kinases and cytoskeletal proteins, phosphorylated NF220 and HMW were completely absent from the GFL lysate. These differences were highlighted by P13(suc1) affinity chromatography, which revealed in axoplasm an active multimeric phosphorylation complex(es), enriched in cytoskeletal proteins and kinases; the equivalent P13 GFL complex exhibited six to 20 times less endogenous and exogenous phosphorylation activity, respectively, contained fewer cytoskeletal proteins and kinases, and expressed a qualitatively different cdc2-like kinase epitope, 34 kDa rather than 49 kDa. Cell bodies and axons share a similar repertoire of molecular consitutents; however, the data suggest that the cytoskeletal/kinase phosphorylation complexes extracted from each cellular compartment by P13 are fundamentally different.
Catalase-Peroxidase from the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC 6803: Cloning, Overexpression in Escherichia coli, and Kinetic Characterization (1999)

The Synechocystis PCC 6803 katG gene encodes a dual-functional catalase-peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7). We have established a system for the high level expression of a fully active recombinant form of this enzyme. Its entire coding DNA was extended using a synthetic oligonucleotide encoding a hexa-histidine tag at the C-terminus and expressed in Escherichia coli [BL21-(DE3)pLysS] using the pET-3a vector. Hemin was added to the culture medium to ensure its proper association with KatG upon induction. The expressed protein was purified to homogeneity by two chromatography steps including a metal chelate affinity and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The homodimeric acidic protein (pl = 5.4) had a molecular mass of 170 kDa and a Reinheitszahl (A406/A280) of 0.64. The recombinant protein contained high catalase activity (apparent Km = 4.9 +/- 0.25 mM and apparent kcat = 3500 s(-1)) and an appreciable peroxidase activity with o-dianisidine, guaiacol and pyrogallol, but not with NAD(P)H, ferrocytochrome c, ascorbate or glutathione as electron donors. By using both conventional and sequential stopped-flow spectroscopy, formation of compound I with peroxoacetic acid was calculated to be (8.74 +/- 0.26) x 10(3) M(-1) s(-1), whereas compound I reduction by o-dianisidine, pyrogallol and ascorbate was determined to be (2.71 +/- 0.03) x 10(6) M(-1) S(-1), (8.62 +/- 0.21) x 10(4) M(-1) S(-1), and (5.43 +/- 0.19) x 10(3) M(-1) S(-1), respectively. Cyanide binding studies on native and recombinant enzyme indicated that both have the same heme environment. An apparent second-order rate constant for cyanide binding of (4.8 +/- 0.1) x 10(5) M(-1) S(-1) was obtained.
Novel Frailty Screening Questionnaire (FSQ) Predicts 8-Year Mortality in Older Adults in China (2019)

FSQ is a self-report frailty measurement tool that can be rapidly performed to identify older adults with higher risk of adverse health outcomes.
Shape analysis of defect-laden data (2013)

Shape analysis is a well-established tool for processing surfaces. It is often a first step in performing tasks such as segmentation, symmetry detection, and finding correspondences between shapes. Shape analysis is traditionally employed on well-sampled surfaces where the geometry and topology is precisely known. When the form of the surface is that of a point cloud containing nonuniform sampling, noise, and incomplete measurements, traditional shape analysis methods perform poorly. Although one may first perform reconstruction on such a point cloud prior to performing shape analysis, if the geometry and topology is far from the true surface, then this can have an adverse impact on the subsequent analysis. Furthermore, for triangulated surfaces containing noise, thin sheets, and poorly shaped triangles, existing shape analysis methods can be highly unstable. This thesis explores methods of shape analysis applied directly to such defect-laden shapes. 
We first study the problem of surface reconstruction, in order to obtain a better understanding of the types of point clouds for which reconstruction methods contain difficulties. To this end, we have devised a benchmark for surface reconstruction, establishing a standard for measuring error in reconstruction. We then develop a new method for consistently orienting normals of such challenging point clouds by using a collection of harmonic functions, intrinsically defined on the point cloud. Next, we develop a new shape analysis tool which is tolerant to imperfections, by constructing distances directly on the point cloud defined as the likelihood of two points belonging to a mutually common medial ball, and apply this for segmentation and reconstruction. We extend this distance measure to define a diffusion process on the point cloud, tolerant to missing data, which is used for the purposes of matching incomplete shapes undergoing a nonrigid deformation. Lastly, we have developed an intrinsic method for multiresolution remeshing of a poor-quality triangulated surface via spectral bisection.
STUDIES ON THE MECHANISM OF SOMATOSTATIN ACTION ON INSULIN RELEASE IN MAN (1976)

Somatostatin in as small a dose as 70 mug given over a period of 90 min to seven healthy subjects inhibited insulin release induced by glucose (500 mg/kg as a bolus + 20 mg/kg/min). This inhibition seemed to be of competitive nature since the effect was nearly overcome when the glucose dose was raised considerably. Somatostatin in nine subjects also inhibited insulin release induced by glucagon and tolbutamide, and this inhibition was of the same order of magnitude as that of glucose induced insulin release. Since all these insulinogogues enhance of the accumulation of cyclic AMP in the beta-cells, it is suggested that the edenylate cyclase-cylic AMP system might be involved in the action of somatostatin. Somatostatin did not seem to interfere with the glycogenolytic effect of glucagon on the liver.
Polyoxovanadate inhibition ofEscherichia coligrowth shows a reverse correlation with Ca2+-ATPase inhibition (2019)

Polyoxovanadates were recently found to be the most active among a series of polyoxometalates against bacteria. In this study, a reverse correlation was found between the Ca<sup>2+</sup>-ATPase IC<sub>50</sub>and the<italic>E. Coli</italic>GI<sub>50</sub>values.
Serum Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Kinetics in Severe Reactivation of Hepatitis B E Antigen Negative Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Receiving Nucleoside/Nucleotide Analogues (2013)

Patients who presented with severe reactivation of HBeAg-negative hepatitis were more likely to develop early HBsAg decline during antiviral therapy. It may indicate a transient strong immune clearance with rapid initial reduction in serum HBsAg, which cannot be sustained due to a faster clearance of serum HBsAg.
Biased agonism of the μ-opioid receptor by TRV130 increases analgesia and reduces on-target adverse effects versus morphine: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study in healthy volunteers (2014)

Opioids provide powerful analgesia but also efficacy-limiting adverse effects, including severe nausea, vomiting, and respiratory depression, by activating μ-opioid receptors. Preclinical models suggest that differential activation of signaling pathways downstream of these receptors dissociates analgesia from adverse effects; however, this has not yet translated to a treatment with an improved therapeutic index. Thirty healthy men received single intravenous injections of the biased ligand TRV130 (1.5, 3, or 4.5mg), placebo, or morphine (10mg) in a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. Primary objectives were to measure safety and tolerability (adverse events, vital signs, electrocardiography, clinical laboratory values), and analgesia (cold pain test) versus placebo. Other measures included respiratory drive (minute volume after induced hypercapnia), subjective drug effects, and pharmacokinetics. Compared to morphine, TRV130 (3, 4.5mg) elicited higher peak analgesia (105, 116 seconds latency vs 75 seconds for morphine, P<.02), with faster onset and similar duration of action. More subjects doubled latency or achieved maximum latency (180 seconds) with TRV130 (3, 4.5mg). Respiratory drive reduction was greater after morphine than any TRV130 dose (-15.9 for morphine versus -7.3, -7.6, and -9.4 h*L/min, P<.05). More subjects experienced severe nausea after morphine (n=7) than TRV130 1.5 or 3mg (n=0, 1), but not 4.5mg (n=9). TRV130 was generally well tolerated, and exposure was dose proportional. Thus, in this study, TRV130 produced greater analgesia than morphine at doses with less reduction in respiratory drive and less severe nausea. This demonstrates early clinical translation of ligand bias as an important new concept in receptor-targeted pharmacotherapy.
Nucleic Acid‐Based Therapies (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Antisense oligonucleotides Ribozymes and DNAzymes siRNAs and miRNAs Aptamers and decoys Toll-like receptor 9 agonists Outlook References
Optimal Study of a High Specific Torque Vernier-type Axial-flux PM Machine with Two Different Stators and a Single Winding (2020)

This paper presents the optimal study of a verniertype axial-flux permanent-magnet (AFPM) machine, which has a high-polarity spoke-type PM rotor, a wound stator with a low number of coils, and a profiled stator. Both stators have profiled teeth to enhance the magnetic interaction between the rotor PM array and stator windings for torque production. Compared to the topology with two wound stators, the studied one has a smaller total axial length and is expected more suitable for applications where the space is limited in axial direction. Both topologies are optimized through 3-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis (FEA) by the combined design of experiments (DOE) based sensitivity analysis and surrogate-assisted multiobjective differential evolution (DE) algorithm. Key factors affecting the two objectives, i.e., total active material cost and total electromagnetic loss, are identified. The optimization results are presented and compared, providing practical guidelines for the optimal design and operation of such machines. The manufacturing aspects and their impacts on the electromagnetic performance are also discussed.
Corticosteroids for managing acute pain subsequent to surgical extraction of mandibular third molars (2023)

Low and very low certainty evidence suggests that there is a trivial difference regarding postoperative pain intensity and adverse effects of corticosteroids administered orally, submucosally, or intramuscularly compared with a placebo in patients undergoing third-molar extractions.
Reactions of Carbon Monosulfide with Geminal Disulfenyl Dichlorides (1997)

Unlike vicinal disulfenyl dichlorides whose carbon monosulfide diinsertion products readily cyclize with loss of thiophosgene, geminal disulfenyl dichlorides diinsert carbon monosulfide to form stable gem-bis(chlorodithioformates).