gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Systems medicine and integrated care to combat chronic noncommunicable diseases (2011)

We propose an innovative, integrated, cost-effective health system to combat major non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cardiovascular, chronic respiratory, metabolic, rheumatologic and neurologic disorders and cancers, which together are the predominant health problem of the 21st century. This proposed holistic strategy involves comprehensive patient-centered integrated care and multi-scale, multi-modal and multi-level systems approaches to tackle NCDs as a common group of diseases. Rather than studying each disease individually, it will take into account their intertwined gene-environment, socio-economic interactions and co-morbidities that lead to individual-specific complex phenotypes. It will implement a road map for predictive, preventive, personalized and participatory (P4) medicine based on a robust and extensive knowledge management infrastructure that contains individual patient information. It will be supported by strategic partnerships involving all stakeholders, including general practitioners associated with patient-centered care. This systems medicine strategy, which will take a holistic approach to disease, is designed to allow the results to be used globally, taking into account the needs and specificities of local economies and health systems.
From genome to proteome: developing expression clone resources for the human genome (2006)

cDNA clones have long been valuable reagents for studying the structure and function of proteins. With recent access to the entire human genome sequence, it has become possible and highly productive to compare the sequences of mRNAs to their genes, in order to validate the sequences and protein-coding annotations of each (1,2). Thus, well-characterized collections of human cDNAs are now playing an essential role in defining the structure and function of human genes and proteins. In this review, we will summarize the major collections of human cDNA clones, discuss some limitations common to most of these collections and describe several noteworthy proteomics applications, focusing on the detection and analysis of protein-protein interactions (PPI). These human cDNA collections contain principally two types of cDNA clones. The largest collections comprise cDNAs with full-length protein coding sequences (FL-CDS). Some but not all of these cDNA clones may represent the entire mRNA sequence, but many are missing considerable non-coding UTR sequence, usually at the 5' end. A second type of cDNA clone, a 'full-ORF' (F-ORF) expression clone, is one where the annotated protein-coding sequence, excised of 5' UTR and 3' UTR sequence, has been transferred to a vector designed to facilitate transfer to other vectors for protein expression.
A tunable mode divider based on wavelength insensitive coupler using thermo-optic effect for gain-equalization in MDM network (2020)

A tunable TE 0 -TE 1 mode divider based on wavelength-insensitive-coupler is experimentally demonstrated for the first time. Arbitrary branching ratios can be realized by using thermo-optic heaters. The proposed device is useful for gain-equalization in MDM networks.
Effects of the second-generation reamer-irrigator-aspirator (RIA 2) on local microcirculation and systemic inflammation in a porcine polytrauma model (2020)

Objectives The effects of reamed nailing include microcirculatory changes and activation of the systemic inflammatory response. The next generation reamer-irrigator-aspirator (RIA 2, released 2019) includes a new design for improved handling, increased relative hole-size at the reamer head for improved irrigation and aspiration, and smaller diameter of the reamer head (starting at 10mm compared to 12mm in RIA 1). We evaluated different intramedullary reaming techniques in a standardized polytrauma model in pigs.
Flunitrazepam as an Induction Agent in Elderly, Poor‐Risk Patients (1982)

Great interindividual variation was found in response to flunitrazepam when the latter was used as an induction agent for general anaesthesia in elderly, poor-risk patients. However, no significant changes in the pharmacokinetics of this nitrobenzodiazepine derivative were found, which suggests that there are pharmacodynamic alterations in response to the drug with advancing age. A sudden but transient drop in blood pressure was found in three out of 12 patients, even although flunitrazepam was given, i.v., in low 0.3-0.5 mg incremental doses. A marked amnesic effect was found. No analgesics were needed in the recovery room (2 h), supporting the evidence that flunitrazepam has an analgesic-sparing effect. Flunitrazepam resulted, in general, in smooth induction of anaesthesia, but a long time was needed for induction.
Erasure coding for distributed matrix multiplication for matrices with bounded entries (2018)

Distributed matrix multiplication is widely used in several scientific domains. It is well recognized that computation times on distributed clusters are often dominated by the slowest workers (called stragglers). Recent work has demonstrated that straggler mitigation can be viewed as a problem of designing erasure codes. For matrices $\mathbf A$ and $\mathbf B$, the technique essentially maps the computation of $\mathbf A^T \mathbf B$ into the multiplication of smaller (coded) submatrices. The stragglers are treated as erasures in this process. The computation can be completed as long as a certain number of workers (called the recovery threshold) complete their assigned tasks. We present a novel coding strategy for this problem when the absolute values of the matrix entries are sufficiently small. We demonstrate a tradeoff between the assumed absolute value bounds on the matrix entries and the recovery threshold. At one extreme, we are optimal with respect to the recovery threshold and on the other extreme, we match the threshold of prior work. Experimental results on cloud-based clusters validate the benefits of our method.
A Survey of Time Delay Estimation Performance Bounds (2006)

In this paper we review performance bounds, as well as some current trends, in time delay estimation (TDE). Research over several decades reveals that a few key parameters determine TDE performance. The most basic are the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and the signal time-bandwidth (TB) product; larger values for each are desirable. The Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) reveals asymptotic maximum-likelihood estimation (MLE) behavior with respect to TB and SNR. At moderate to lower SNR, TDEs generally break down as ambiguities arise due to increased noise and the cross-correlation of the signal, causing the TDE to deviate (often quite sharply) away from the CRB. Because it is a local bound, the CRB does not indicate the threshold behavior, and Ziv-Zakai and other bounds have been developed to handle this. When TD is measured between multiple sensors, the coherence between them can fundamentally limit the result, an effect that occurs in acoustics due to the turbulent atmosphere. We discuss modifications to the classical bounds that accommodate the coherence loss, and reveal a threshold coherence phenomenon. When communications and other signals are utilized for TDE, they may have significant nuisance parameters, including carrier uncertainty, unknown symbols, as well as effects due to an unknown channel. Recent TDE performance limits reveal the effect of these parameters for various signal models, including the impact of diversity channels on TDE
Highly enhanced performance of spongy graphene as an oil sorbent (2013)

A brand-new spongy graphene treated with flame soot has a highly enhanced performance as an oil sorbent, which is 616 times of its own weight towards chloroform (8 times higher than the previously reported literature).
SMALL SIGN SUPPORT ANALYSIS: PHASE I - CRASH TEST PROGRAM. FINAL REPORT (1988)

This report describes a series of full-scale vehicular crash tests conducted to evaluate the impact performance of small sign supports used by the Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT). The tests were conducted and evaluated in accordance with the recommendations of NCHRP Report 230 and the 1985 AASHTO Standard Specifications for Structural Supports for Highway Signs, Luminaires and Traffic Signals. Based on the test program, it was concluded that the following systems are in compliance with recommended safety performance standards: (1) one P1 post; (2) one 3 lb/ft U-post; (3) one 4 lb/ft U-post; (4) two 3 lb/ft U-posts; and (5) a slip-base design having two S4 x 7.7 posts with a hinge at the midheight of the sign panel. It was concluded that the following systems are not in compliance with recommended safety performance standards: (1) two or more P2 posts within a 7 ft spacing; (2) three or more 3 lb/ft U-posts within a 7 ft spacing; and (3) two or more 4 lb/ft U-posts within a 7 ft spacing.
A Simple Method for Removal of Carbon Nanotubes from Wastewater Using Hypochlorite (2019)

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been applied in a wide range of fields, such as materials, electronics, energy storages, and biomedicine. With the rapid increase in CNTs industrialization, more and more CNT-containing wastewater is being produced. Since concerns about the toxic effects of CNTs on human health persist, CNT-containing wastewater should not be released into the environment without purification, but no effective methods have been reported. In the present study, we report a simple method to eliminate CNTs from industrial or laboratorial wastewater using sodium hypochlorite. Direct treatment of aqueous dispersions with sodium hypochlorite solution completely degraded CNTs into carbon oxides or carbonates ions. Since hypochlorite is environmentally friendly and frequently used as a disinfectant or bleaching agent in domestic cleaning, this method is practical for purification of CNT-contaminated industrial wastewater.
Outcomes Associated with the Use of Microprocessor-Controlled Prosthetic Knees among Individuals with Unilateral Transfemoral Limb Loss (2013)

Microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knees (MPKs) have been developed as an alternative to non-microprocessor-controlled knees (NMPKs) to address challenges facing individuals with lower limb loss. A body of scientific literature comparing MPKs and NMPKs exists, but has yet to be critically appraised. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted to examine outcomes associated with use of these interventions among individuals with transfemoral limb loss. A search of biomedical databases identified 241 publications. Twenty-seven met the inclusion/exclusion criteria and were reviewed for methodological quality and content. Twenty-eight evidence statements, in nine outcome categories (Metabolic Energy Expenditure, Activity, Cognitive Demand, Gait Mechanics, Environmental Obstacle Negotiation, Safety, Preference & Satisfaction, Economics, and Health & Quality of Life) were developed based on findings in the literature. The level of evidence supporting these statements varied due to quantity, quality, and consistency of the results in the literature. Evidence statements supported by a moderate level of evidence that noted significant differences between MPKs and NMPKs were derived in five of the nine outcome categories. The results from this review suggest that evidence exists to inform clinical practice, and that additional research is needed to confirm existing evidence and better understand outcomes associated with use of NMPKs and MPKs.
ChemInform Abstract: Siloxanes: Versatile Templates for Acyclic Stereocontrol. Synthesis of the C27‐C33 Segment of Rapamycin. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Dung-Shen Downregulates the Synergistic Apoptotic Effects of Angiotensin II Plus Leu 27-IGF II on Cardiomyoblasts. (2014)

Angiotensin II; Apoptosis; Codonopsis pilosula; Leucine27-insulin like growth factor II; Mitochondrial outer membrane permeability.
Synthesis and SAR of Novel 4-Morpholinopyrrolopyrimidine Derivatives as Potent Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Inhibitors (2010)

Significant evidence suggests that deregulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway is important in tumor progression. Mechanisms include loss of function of the tumor suppressor PTEN and high frequency of mutation of the PI3K p110alpha isoform in human malignancies. This connection between PI3K and tumor genesis makes PI3K a promising target for cancer treatment. A series of 4-morpholinopyrrolopyrimidine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of PI3Kalpha and mTOR, leading to the discovery of PI3Kalpha selective inhibitors (e.g., 9) and dual PI3Kalpha/mTOR kinase inhibitors (e.g., 46 and 48). PI3Kalpha/mTOR dual inhibitors demonstrated inhibition of tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo and caused suppression of the pathway specific biomarkers [e.g., the phosphorylation of Akt at Thr308 (T308) and Ser473 (S473)] in the human breast cancer cell line MDA361. In addition, compound 46 demonstrated good in vivo efficacy in the MDA361 human breast tumor xenograft model.
Surgical Techniques for Totally Laparoscopic Caudate Lobectomy (2016)

Our experience demonstrated that laparoscopic caudate lobectomy is safe and feasible in selected patients with malignancy in the caudate lobe.
Broad Spectrum Macromolecular Antimicrobials with Biofilm Disruption Capability and In Vivo Efficacy (2017)

In this study, antimicrobial polymers are synthesized by the organocatalytic ring-opening polymerization of an eight-membered heterocyclic carbonate monomer that is subsequently quaternized with methyl iodide. These polymers demonstrate activity against clinically relevant Gram-positive Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and fungus Candida albicans with fast killing kinetics. Importantly, the polymer efficiently inhibits biofilm growth and lyses existing biofilm, leading to a reduction in biomass and cell viability. In addition, the macromolecular antimicrobial is less likely to induce resistance as it acts via a membrane-lytic mechanism. The polymer is not cytotoxic toward mammalian cells with LD<sub>50</sub> of 99.0 ± 11.6 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> in mice through i.v. injection. In an S. aureus blood stream infection mouse model, the polymer removes bacteria from the blood more rapidly than the antibiotic Augmentin. At the effective dose, the polymer treatment does not damage liver and kidney tissues or functions. In addition, blood electrolyte balance remains unchanged after the treatment. The low cost of starting materials, ease of synthesis, nontoxicity, broad spectrum activity with fast killing kinetics, and in vivo antimicrobial activity make these macromolecular antimicrobials ideal candidates for prevention of sepsis and treatment of infections.
Supplementary Methods, Figures and Tables from Cooperative Immune-Mediated Mechanisms of the HDAC Inhibitor Entinostat, an IL15 Superagonist, and a Cancer Vaccine Effectively Synergize as a Novel Cancer Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Methods: depletion studies, immunofluorescence, assays, serum cytokines and plasma TGFbeta, RNA extraction and NanoString analysis, Human HD PBMCs. Figures: effects of entinostat and combination therapy. Tables: antibodies used for flow cytometry staining, gating strategies for flow cytometry&lt;/p&gt;
Unique protein architecture of alanyl-tRNA synthetase for aminoacylation, editing, and dimerization (2009)

Alanyl-tRNA synthetase (AlaRS) specifically recognizes the major identity determinant, the G3:U70 base pair, in the acceptor stem of tRNA Ala by both the tRNA-recognition and editing domains. In this study, we solved the crystal structures of 2 halves of Archaeoglobus fulgidus AlaRS: AlaRS-ΔC, comprising the aminoacylation, tRNA-recognition, and editing domains, and AlaRS-C, comprising the dimerization domain. The aminoacylation/tRNA-recognition domains contain an insertion incompatible with the class-specific tRNA-binding mode. The editing domain is fixed tightly via hydrophobic interactions to the aminoacylation/tRNA-recognition domains, on the side opposite from that in threonyl-tRNA synthetase. A groove formed between the aminoacylation/tRNA-recognition domains and the editing domain appears to be an alternative tRNA-binding site, which might be used for the aminoacylation and/or editing reactions. Actually, the amino acid residues required for the G3:U70 recognition are mapped in this groove. The dimerization domain consists of helical and globular subdomains. The helical subdomain mediates dimerization by forming a helix–loop–helix zipper. The globular subdomain, which is important for the aminoacylation and editing activities, has a positively-charged face suitable for tRNA binding.
Eddy Dissipation Rate (EDR) retrieval with Ultra-Fast High Range Resolution Electronic-Scanning X-band airport radar: Results of European FP7 UFO Toulouse airport trials (2015)

At airports, runway operation is the limiting factor for the overall throughput; specifically the fixed and overly conservative ICAO wake turbulence separation minima. The wake turbulence hazardous flows can dissipate quicker because of decay due to air turbulence or be transported out of the way on oncoming traffic by cross-wind, yet wake turbulence separation minima do not take into account wind conditions. Indeed, for safety reasons, most airports assume a worst-case scenario and use conservative separations. However, with the aid of accurate EDR (Eddy Dissipation Rate) retrieval by Ultra-Fast High-Range Resolution X-band Electronic-Scanning radar sensors, more efficient intervals can be set, particularly when atmosphere is unstable and turbulent, accelerating Wake-Vortex decay. Depending on traffic volume, these adjustments can generate capacity gains, which have major commercial benefits. This paper presents Electronic scanning radar trials at Toulouse-Blagnac Airport for UFO (Ultra-Fast wind sensOrs for wake-vortex hazards mitigation) project, funded by European FP7 program, on Radar EDR retrieval & Calibration.
Promotion of East-West Computer Communication in IIASA's International Environment and the Hungarian Case Study (1981)

This paper describes the functions of the "IIASA Gateway" as seen by a "typical user", IIASA's Hungarian National Member Organization.
Continuously-adaptive discretization for message-passing algorithms (2008)

Continuously-Adaptive Discretization for Message-Passing (CAD-MP) is a new message-passing algorithm for approximate inference. Most message-passing algorithms approximate continuous probability distributions using either: a family of continuous distributions such as the exponential family; a particle-set of discrete samples; or a fixed, uniform discretization. In contrast, CAD-MP uses a discretization that is (i) non-uniform, and (ii) adaptive to the structure of the marginal distributions. Non-uniformity allows CAD-MP to localize interesting features (such as sharp peaks) in the marginal belief distributions with time complexity that scales logarithmically with precision, as opposed to uniform discretization which scales at best linearly. We give a principled method for altering the non-uniform discretization according to information-based measures. CAD-MP is shown in experiments to estimate marginal beliefs much more precisely than competing approaches for the same computational expense.
Scheduling a Flexible, Open-Architecture Robotic Workstation under LabWindows (2005)

Development of a flexible, open-architecture modular robotic workstation consisting of a Calipers' Twister II robotic arm, several Labsystems Multidrop dispensers, a Kendro Cytomat incubator, and a multimode BMG Polarstar Optima reader has been reported. Our new, fully functional scheduling software developed under LabWindows allows the integration of an unlimited number of devices from diverse suppliers using native communication protocols.
Azimuthal transverse single-spin asymmetries of inclusive jets and identified hadrons within jets from polarized pp collisions at s=200  GeV (2022)

The STAR Collaboration reports measurements of the transverse single-spin asymmetries, A N , for inclusive jets and identified "hadrons within jets" production at midrapidity from transversely polarized pp collisions at ffiffi ffi s p 200 GeV, based on data recorded in 2012 and 2015. The inclusive jet asymmetry measurements include A N for inclusive jets and A N for jets containing a charged pion carrying a momentum fraction z > 0.3 of the jet momentum. The identified hadron within jet asymmetry measurements include the Collins effect for charged pions, kaons, and protons, and the Collins-like effect for charged pions. The measured asymmetries are determined for several distinct kinematic regions characterized by the jet transverse momentum p T and pseudorapidity , as well as the hadron momentum fraction z and momentum transverse to the jet axis j T . These results probe higher momentum scales (Q 2 up to 900 GeV 2 ) than current, semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering measurements,
Dynamic Microcrystal Assembly by Nitroxide Exchange Reactions (2010)

Sticking together: The pore entrances of dye-loaded green or red zeolite L crystals can be site-specifically modified with either alkoxyamines or nitroxide radicals. Mild radical nitroxide exchange reactions of alkoxyamine-terminated “green” zeolite crystals with nitroxide-terminated “red” crystals leads to highly regular crystal chains that contain up to 15 covalently connected crystals with strictly alternating colors. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Analysis of a reconfigurable reflectarray cell comprising a multitude of MEMS control elements (2010)

This paper discusses the analysis of reflectarray cells comprising MEMS control elements. The method employed allows a very fast and accurate analysis of the reflectarray cell performance, quasi independently of the number of embedded MEMS and reconfigurable states. It also allows computing useful design parameters such as the power dissipated in each MEMS within the cell. Based on this method, we present the analysis of a monolayer cell embedding a multitude of MEMS control elements, demonstrating for e.g. the intimate link between phase dispersion and loss in such reconfigurable reflecting cells.
Combined poor diabetes control indicators are associated with higher risks of diabetic retinopathy and macular edema than poor glycemic control alone (2017)

Compared to individual indicators of poor diabetes control, risk of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema increased three to fourfold with a combination of these indicators. Targeting combined diabetes control indicators is important to reduce risk of diabetic retinopathy/diabetic macular edema.