gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous enzymatic/electrochemical determination of glucose and L‐glutamine in hybridoma media by flow‐injection analysis. (1993)

A split-stream flow-injection analysis system is described for simultaneous determination of glucose and L-glutamine in serum-free hybridoma bioprocesses media. Amperometric measurement of glucose is based on anodic oxidation of hydrogen peroxide produced by immobilized glucose oxidase within a triple layer membrane of an integrated flow-through glucose-selective biosensor. Determination of L-glutamine is based on quantitating ammonium ions produced in a flow-through enzymes reactor containing immobilized glutaminase enzyme, and subsequent downstream potentiometric detection of these ions by a nonacting-based ion-selective polymer membrane electrode. Endogenous potassium and ammonium ion interference in the L-glutamine determination are eliminated by using a novel in-line tubular cation-exchange membrane unit to exchange these interferent species for cations undetectable by the membrane electrode. The first generation split-steam flow-injections system can assay 12 samples/h using direct injections of 50 microL of media samples, with linear responses to glucose in the range of 0.03 to 30 mM, and log-linear response to L-glutamine from 0.1 to 10 mM.
Caractérisation clinique et génétique des adénomes hypophysaires familiaux isolés (FIPA). (2009)

Les adenomes hypophysaires representent une pathologie frequente parmi les tumeurs cerebrales. Une etude liegeoise recente a montre une prevalence des adenomes hypophysaires cliniquement actifs de 1: 1.064 habitants, nettement superieure aux donnees anterieures. Tant dans les series cliniques qu'autopsiques, les microadenomes a prolactine sont les adenomes predominants. Les adenomes hypophysaires sont le plus souvent de presentation sporadique, mais des adenomes familiaux dans des formes isolees ou syndromiques sont egalement decrits. Les adenomes hypophysaires familiaux representent environ 5% des adenomes hypophysaires et leur caracterisation clinique et genetique a ete recemment enrichie par la description de la nouvelle entite FIPA (Familial Isolated Pituitary Adenomas) et des mutations du gene AIP (Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-Interacting Protein). Bien que d'evolution habituellement benigne, les adenomes hypophysaires sont caracterises par une grande diversite clinique et genetique qui reclame des moyens diagnostiques et therapeutiques specifiques.
Production and characterization of profilin monoclonal antibodies. (1997)

Profilins have been identified as a pan-allergen of different plant pollens and foods. In this paper, we describe the generation of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) by immunizing BALB/c mice with Helianthus annuus purified profilin in order to characterize this important and common allergen. A panel of forty MAbs has been obtained, and twenty of them were used to map antigenic determinants in this molecule. At least two different antigenic determinants were recognized in H. annuus profilin by immunoblotting. Using the purified MAbs produced against sunflower profilin, we have analyzed the common epitope determinants in pollens of different plants: Olea europaea, Cynodon dactylon, Mercurialis annua, Phleum pratense, Parietaria judaica and Betula verrucosa. These experiments showed different cross-reactivity patterns.
Moderate Dose Escalation for Advanced Stage Hodgkin’s Disease Using the Bleomycin, Etoposide, Adriamycin, Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, Procarbazine, and Prednisone Scheme and Adjuvant Radiotherapy: A Study of the German Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Study Group (1998)

The BEACOPP (bleomycin, etoposide, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone) regimen, a rearranged and accelerated version of the standard COPP/adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) chemotherapy, has been shown to be effective and safe in a previous pilot study for advanced stage Hodgkin’s disease (HD). The present study aimed to determine a maximum practicable dose of three drugs, ie, etoposide, adriamycin, and cyclophosphamide, for which acute toxicities were acceptable and to assess the feasibility of the escalated scheme. Sixty untreated patients with advanced stage HD were enrolled in this study. Radiotherapy was given in 44 patients (73%) after chemotherapy to initial bulk lesions and residual disease. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) was given from day 8 to prevent prolonged neutrocytopenia and severe infections. The intended doses of adriamycin, etoposide, and cyclophosphamide in the BEACOPP schedule could be substantially escalated: adriamycin from 25 to 35, cyclophosphamide from 650 to 1,200, and etoposide from 100 to 200 mg/m2. The major toxicities were leukocytopenia and thrombocytopenia with considerable heterogeneity between individual patients. Of 60 patients, 56 (93%) achieved a complete remission (CR). At a median observation of 32 months, the rates of survival and freedom from treatment failure (FFTF) were estimated to be 91% (95% confidence interval 83% to 99%) and 90% (82% to 98%). These results show that a moderate dose escalation of adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, and etoposide of the baseline BEACOPP regimen is feasible. The escalated BEACOPP regimen shows very encouraging results in advanced stage HD and is now being compared in a randomized phase III study with BEACOPP at baseline dose level.
Transcriptional neighborhoods regulate transcript isoform lengths and expression levels (2022)

Sequence features of genes and their flanking regulatory regions are determinants of RNA transcript isoform expression and have been used as context-independent plug-and-play modules in synthetic biology. However, genetic context-including the adjacent transcriptional environment-also influences transcript isoform expression levels and boundaries. We used synthetic yeast strains with stochastically repositioned genes to systematically disentangle the effects of sequence and context. Profiling 120 million full-length transcript molecules across 612 genomic perturbations, we observed sequence-independent alterations to gene expression levels and transcript isoform boundaries that were influenced by neighboring transcription. We identified features of transcriptional context that could predict these alterations and used these features to engineer a synthetic circuit where transcript length was controlled by neighboring transcription. This demonstrates how positional context can be leveraged in synthetic genome engineering.
Crystal structures of nitron and its non-stoichiometric hydrochloride (1980)

The crystal structures of the hemi-ethanolate of nitron, C20H16N4(C2H6O)0.5, and of a non-stoichiometric hydrochloride of nitron, C20H16N4(HCl)1.7(H2O)3.3, have been determined by X-ray diffraction from diffractometer data at 295 K and refined by block diagonal least squares to residuals of 0.069 (2049 'observed' reflections) and 0.055 (1915), respectively. Crystals of the hemi-ethanolate of nitron are monoclinic P21/n, a 12.697(6), b 15.821(5), c 19.064(6) ?, ß 108.79(3)°, Z 8. Crystals of the non-stoichiometric hydrochloride of nitron are also monoclinic C2/c, a 25.41(1), b 5.968(6), c 29.40(2) ?, ß 103.53(5)°, Z 8. Despite some unusual features in their molecular geometry, these structures are consistent with the mesoionic character of nitron.
Buckling and elastic stability of vertical ZnO nanotubes and nanorods (2009)

Buckling and elastic stability study of vertical well aligned ZnO nanorods grown on Si substrate and ZnO nanotubes etched from the same nanorods was done quantitatively by nanoindentation technique. The critical load, modulus of elasticity, and flexibility of the ZnO nanorods and nanotubes were observed and we compared these properties for the two nanostructures. It was observed that critical load of nanorods (2890 μN) was approximately five times larger than the critical load of the nanotubes (687 μN). It was also observed that ZnO nanotubes were approximately five times more flexible (0.32 nm/μN) than the nanorods (0.064 nm/μN). We also calculated the buckling energies of the ZnO nanotubes and nanorods from the force displacement curves. The ratio of the buckling energies was also close to unity due to the increase/decrease of five times for one parameter (critical load) and increase/decrease of five times for the other parameter (displacement) of the two samples. We calculated critical load, critical stress, strain, and Young modulus of elasticity of single ZnO nanorod and nanotube. The high flexibility of the nanotubes and high elasticity of the ZnO nanorods can be used to enhance the efficiency of piezoelectric nanodevices. We used the Euler buckling model and shell cylindrical model for the analysis of the mechanical properties of ZnO nanotubes and nanorods.
On the Impact of MIMO Diversity on Higher Layer Performance (2010)

In this paper, we shed light on the cross-layer interactions between the PHY, link and routing layers in networks with MIMO links operating in the diversity mode. Many previous studies assume an overly simplistic PHY layer model that does not sufficiently capture these interactions. We show that the use of simplistic models can in fact lead to misleading conclusions with regards to the higher layer performance with MIMO diversity. Towards understanding the impact of various PHY layer features on MIMO diversity, we begin with a simple but widely-used model and progressively incorporate these features to create new models. We examine the goodness of these models by comparing the simulated performance results with each, with measurements on an indoor 802.11 n testbed. Our work reveals several interesting cross-layer dependencies that affect the gains due to MIMO diversity. In particular, we observe that relative to SISO links: (a) PHY layer gains due to MIMO diversity do not always carry over to the higher layers, (b) the use of other PHY layer features such as FEC codes significantly influence the gains due to MIMO diversity, and (c) the choice of the routing metric can impact the gains possible with MIMO.
Extended Draft Semisubmersible (2011)

Abstract An Extendable Draft Semi-submersible (EDS) is a low-motion floating production system concept focused on flexibility and low cost. An Extendable Draft Semi-Submersible (EDS) can support full drilling and production facilities that can be prepared for deployment at a dockside facility with limited water depth. The EDS combines the favorable features of deep-draft Semi-submersibles, Truss Spars and other reduced-heave floaters, making its in-place motions superior to shallower-draft floaters for supporting dry-tree risers and SCRs. EDS is a self-installing design, which delivers and deploys a fully operational system without the aid of crane vessels. The EDS structure consists of a floatable deck, stabilizing columns and heave plate/pontoon connected to the bottom of the columns. The barge-type deck is designed to float the entire structure, including topsides, to the near shore site. Upon arrival, the columns and heave plate/pontoon is lowered down using strand jacks either in a single or dual direction mode and locked into the deck to the locking draft. The use of strand jacks allows the lowering operation to be performed in a higher sea state than normally used for offshore installation thereby increasing the operability. The deck is then raised to the operating elevation by de-ballasting the columns after pawls are engaged between deck and columns for rigid connection between them. The pawl connection between columns and the deck is reversible and the columns can be raised above the deck to enable the platform to be towed to a new location for redeployment or brought to quayside. An alternative to the self-installing design is installing the topsides by a floatover technique, similar to what has been done for several semi-submersibles in Brazil. The EDS motions are suitable for Dry Tree application and SCRs in different areas around the world including areas with severe storm environment like Gulf of Mexico, Weastern Australia, etc. The concept provides flexibility in constructing the EDS that facilitates a high level of local content in most areas of the world. This paper describes the features of the EDS platform along with the fabrication and deployment offshore.
Similarly low risk of hepatocellular carcinoma after either spontaneous or nucleos(t)ide analogue‐induced hepatitis B surface antigen loss (2020)

The HCC risk was similarly low after either spontaneous or NA-induced HBsAg seroclearance in a territory-wide cohort of patients with CHB who had cleared HBsAg.
Uplink Massive MIMO Functional Split for C-RAN System Under Rapid User Mobility Conditions (2021)

Uplink massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) improves network spectral efficiency by enabling simultaneous transmission from multiple users through spatial multiplexing. Although the centralized radio access network (C-RAN) architecture can meet the increased signal processing requirements, the large number of used antenna elements creates challenges for the fronthaul (FH) links required to transport a large amount of traffic from remote radio units (RRUs) to the centralized baseband unit (BBU). To reduce the FH link load, different baseband splitting options between RRUs and BBU are considered in practical C-RAN networks. More specifically, low complexity maximum ratio combining (MRC) beamforming at the RRU can be used to reduce the number of spatial dimensions of the received signals before transporting them to the BBU for further baseband processing. Despite the high compression efficiency of the MRC-based approach, we find that its performance is not sufficiently robust under channel varying conditions due to rapid user mobility. In this paper, we propose a functional split based on an extension of MRC compression at the RRU which provides better uplink performance for scenarios with high mobility, while guaranteeing moderate FH link throughput and low signal processing complexity.
Optimising the braking performance via nonlinear analysis and bifurcation theory (2008)

This paper shows how the properties of a recently proposed nonlinear output feedback controller for active braking control systems can be exploited to optimise the braking performance. The control algorithm, in fact, allows to detect in which region of the friction curve the system is operating. Thus, via nonlinear analysis and bifurcation theory, we show that the closed-loop system exhibits a supercritical Hopf bifurcation. Based on this, we propose a way to estimate the current road conditions and to adapt the set-point in order to optimise the braking performance. A bifurcation diagram is also worked out to study the closed-loop dynamics modifications due to possible actuator faults or degradations.
Electrical Properties of Bi4-xLaxTi3O12Ferroelectric Thin Films Prepared by Metalorganic Decomposition Method (2002)

Bi4-xLaxTi3O12 (BLT) ferroelectric thin films were prepared on a Pt/TiOx/SiO2/Si substrate using metalorganic decomposition (MOD) method, and their electrical properties were evaluated with thickness, composition and crystallization annealing temperature. Irrespective of the preparation conditions, BLT films were c-axis oriented, and had a dense surface morphology without pore to produce smooth Pt/BLT/Pt interfaces of capacitor. The film thickness was controlled as 90 nm to obtain a low coercive voltage (2Vc) without the problem of capacitor short-fail. The proper composition of Bi3.35La0.85Ti3O12 was selected for the largest switching polarization (P*-P∧), good fatigue endurance and a low leakage current density (JL). After crystallization annealing at 700°C, the optimized film of 90 nm Bi3.35La0.85Ti3O12 showed the good electrical properties, such as 2Vc of 2.0 V, P*-P∧ of 13 µC/cm2, JL of 1×10-6 A/cm2 at a applied voltage of 3 V and no polarization loss up to 1×1011 fatigue cycles, for ferroelectric random access memory (FeRAM) application.
Step‐Current Analysis of the Built‐in Potential of Tungsten Oxide‐Based Electrochromic Devices and the Effects of Spontaneous Hydrogen Deintercalation (1997)

General methods for the analysis of step‐current measurements on intercalation devices are applied to an aqueous, protonic, tungsten oxide‐based device. Plots of the built‐in potential as a function of the passed charge, , are generated. Methods are demonstrated for extracting a useful indicator of the intercalation level from ΔQ and for relating to the applied potential. An intercalation efficiency, ζ, is defined, and plots are generated. With proper accounting for extraneous contributions, provides a measure of the effective site energy distribution and of the instantaneous efficiency (or capacity) of the intercalation process. A nonfaradaic spontaneous deintercalation process has been observed which acts to deintercalate the film without contributing to the measured current. Methods for including this effect in the analysis are presented in terms of a virtual current.
Biocompatible conjugated fluorenylporphyrins for two-photon photodynamic therapy and fluorescence imaging (2019)

The photophysical properties of a new series of fluorenyl porphyrins bearing water-solubilising oligoethyleneglycol chains are described. These biocompatible compounds present very good two-photon absorption and singlet oxygen generation properties, while retaining some fluorescence in water. After testing in vitro on breast cancer cells, some of them were shown to be efficient non-toxic two-photon photosensitisers allowing for fluorescence imaging, thus demonstrating their theranostic potential.
Two‐dimensional parallel array technology as a new approach to automated combinatorial solid‐phase organic synthesis (1998)

An automated, 96-well parallel array synthesizer for solid-phase organic synthesis has been designed and constructed. The instrument employs a unique reagent array delivery format, in which each reagent utilized has a dedicated plumbing system. An inert atmosphere is maintained during all phases of a synthesis, and temperature can be controlled via a thermal transfer plate which holds the injection molded reaction block. The reaction plate assembly slides in the X-axis direction, while eight nozzle blocks holding the reagent lines slide in the Y-axis direction, allowing for the extremely rapid delivery of any of 64 reagents to 96 wells. In addition, there are six banks of fixed nozzle blocks, which deliver the same reagent or solvent to eight wells at once, for a total of 72 possible reagents. The instrument is controlled by software which allows the straightforward programming of the synthesis of a larger number of compounds. This is accomplished by supplying a general synthetic procedure in the form of a command file, which calls upon certain reagents to be added to specific wells via lookup in a sequence file. The bottle position, flow rate, and concentration of each reagent is stored in a separate reagent table file. To demonstrate the utility of the parallel array synthesizer, a small combinatorial library of hydroxamic acids was prepared in high throughput mode for biological screening. Approximately 1300 compounds were prepared on a 10 μmole scale (3-5 mg) in a few weeks. The resulting crude compounds were generally >80% pure, and were utilized directly for high throughput screening in antibacterial assays. Several active wells were found, and the activity was verified by solution-phase synthesis of analytically pure material, indicating that the system described herein is an efficient means for the parallel synthesis of compounds for lead discovery. Copyright 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Glass Carrier Wafers for the Si Thinning Process for Stack IC Applications (2013)

Glass carriers have proven to provide a solution for carriers during wafer thinning operations for 3D-IC (Three-Dimensional Integrated Circuit). The attributes of the glass carrier, such as total thickness variation (TTV), flatness and properties such as coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), are extremely important in their functional performance. Optimization of Corning's fusion forming process gives a platform that is very well suited to generate high precision glass carriers. This process provides glass at target thickness (no grind/polish required) with a pristine surface, extremely tight TTV, low warp/bow, and thickness tolerance over large volumes of material. Given that this material is formed in sheets as large as three meters in size, there is tremendous flexibility in the size of the wafers; as well as ability to scale to high volume manufacturing in a cost effective way. Furthermore, the ability to alter glass composition provides the opportunity to optimize material properties, such as CTE. This is important to accommodate the needs of various device structures which require thinning. Non-uniformities (TTV, flatness) in the carrier directly impact the accuracy of the thinned wafer TTV. As important as the low TTV and warp/bow provided by Corning's optimized fusion process, is the method in which these attributes are characterized. Corning ® Tropel ® has developed a novel distance measuring interferometer based on a frequency stepping laser that is well-suited to characterize the flatness and TTV of glass wafers. The work presented here will highlight the importance of high precision carriers and metrology techniques used to characterize and qualify these materials. The impact these have on the TTV of a bonded stack is just as critical. The ability to leverage all of these tools to provide bonded stacks with extremely low TTV and highly uniform silicon wafers after thinning operations will be demonstrated.
GROWTH IN TURNER'S SYNDROME: SPONTANEOUS AND FLUOXYMESTERONE STIMULATED (1979)

Spontaneous growth was analysed in a group of 55 girls with Turner's syndrome and various karyotypes. Their variation in height and its dependence on parental height were similar to that of normal girls. At all ages, the 45,X karyotype was associated with slightly greater mean stature than the other karyotypes together. The bone ages lagged progressively behind from 10 years onwards. Twenty-five patients aged between 9.1 and 17.2 years were given fluoxymesterone, 0.06-0.17 mg/kg daily, for at least 1 year. Their height velocities increased significantly. This brought about a clear psychological benefit. Their final heights were predicted before and after therapy, with a new method based on the spontaneous growth and bone maturation of our patients. The response was individually variable but, on average, the patients gained in predicted height from the therapy. This effect was not lost during a posttreatment year. Abnormal lowering of the voice occurred in patients receiving greater than or equal to 0.15 mg/kg fluoxymesterone daily, but never with less than 0.13 mg/kg. No other adverse effects appeared. Thus, fluoxymesterone is useful for promoting growth in girls with Turner's syndrome.