gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of plasma treatment on osteoblastic adhesion over poly (&#x03B5;-caprolactone) scaffolds (2007)

Tissue engineering of bone is increasingly becoming the treatment of choice among surgeons to eliminate graft rejection, donor site morbidity and disease transmission problems. The ability of bone cells to produce an osteoid matrix on the scaffold can be affected by the quality of the cell-scaffold interaction. In this paper we report the use of dielectric barrier discharge plasma to improve adhesion and proliferation of bone cells, in particular osteoblast on poly (epsiv-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds. The surface treatment was carried out on PCL scaffolds with a custom made oxygen-based dielectric barrier discharge system (DBD). The effects of plasma treatment on PCL surface were characterized by assessing surface energy, surface topography, and surface chemistry. The surface energy of modified and unmodified PCL scaffolds was calculated by Owens-Wendt's model using contact angle measurement data on these samples. The surface topography and the surface chemistry were evaluated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transformed infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. The cell-substrate interaction study was carried out using mouse osteoblastic cell line 7F2 to examine the effect of oxygen plasma. Our results suggested that the oxygen plasma treatment not only enhances the hydrophilicity and increase solid surface energy of PCL but also improves the initial attachment, proliferation and migration of osteoblast on the PCL substrate.
Decreased formation of aqueous humour in insulin-dependent diabetic patients. (1989)

The rate of aqueous humour formation was measured by fluorophotometry in 34 insulin-dependent diabetic patients and 12 non-diabetic controls to determine whether or not aqueous flow in diabetics differed from that of normal controls, and whether or not aqueous flow among diabetics was correlated with the stage of retinopathy. Diabetic patients were divided into three groups based on the degree of retinopathy; group I without retinopathy, group II with minimal to moderate non-proliferative retinopathy, and group III with proliferative retinopathy. Aqueous flow (mean, SD) in diabetic patients was: 1.55 (0.32) microliter/min in group I, 1.51 (0.47) microliter/min in group II, and 1.26 (0.39) microliter/min in group III. No statistically significant difference was found among these three diabetic groups. Aqueous flow in the non-diabetic controls was 2.18 (0.40) microliter/min, and this was statistically significantly greater than in each of the diabetic groups. Intraocular pressure, age, duration of diabetes, haemoglobin A1C, and blood glucose levels had no significant effect on aqueous flow in diabetic patients.
A channel model for multicast (2001)

Multicast allows a host to send a single datagram and have it delivered to a set of receivers. This dissertation defines a channel model of multicast for a datagram internetwork. The channel model differs in key respects from prior approaches to multicast, and in particular from the host group model adopted in the Internet. Channels provide one-to-many delivery, in contrast to the many-to-many delivery of host groups. 
The first half of this dissertation describes the channel model and its implementation, and shows how it solves two problems inherent with host groups. The first problem is the difficulty of providing scalable, enforceable allocation of host group addresses. The second problem is that the host group implementations do not scale well to a large network. After presenting solutions to these problems, we consider the costs of channel routing and show that, with proper implementation techniques, a router can support millions of channels at modest cost. 
The second half of the dissertation considers the use of channels in multicast applications. The channel model is a natural fit for one-to-many applications like Internet television but can also be used to build many-to-many applications such as distributed simulation and interactive multimedia conferencing. We evaluate three application-level techniques for building multi-sender applications, and show that they allow robust multicast applications to be built without significantly increased cost or reduced performance. 
This dissertation demonstrates the importance of placing functionality at the appropriate layer—large benefits arise by simplifying the network layer and moving multi-sender functionality to applications. Channels solve key problems of the host group model and provide multicast at lower cost without sacrificing robustness or efficiency for many important applications. We conclude that channels are the appropriate form of multicast for a very large datagram internetwork.
27.1: Invited Paper : New Developments in Liquid Crystal Photo‐Aligning by Azo‐Dyes (2006)

Abstract Liquid crystal photo‐alignment using azo‐dyes is reviewed. This alignment method is very different from previously reported ones, such as photo‐crosslinking, photo degradation and photoisomerization. It will be shown that this photo‐aligning method can provide a controllable pretilt angle and strong anchoring energy of the liquid crystal cell, as well as high thermal and UV stability. The application of this method to the alignment and fabrication of various types of liquid crystal displays is also discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: FOURIER TRANSFORM FAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY OF METAL CLUSTERS; METAL SUPPORT EFFECTS ON THE MOLECULAR GEOMETRY OF TRICHROMIUM CR3, IN RARE GAS SOLIDS (1983)

Abstract Mit der FT‐FIR‐Spektroskopie lassen sich Schwingungseigenschaften, Strukturen und Wechselwirkungen mit dem Träger bei Liganden‐freien Metallclustern untersuchen.
Elementary Properties of Positive Concave Mappings With Applications to Network Planning and Optimization (2015)

This paper presents novel methods for computing fixed points of positive concave mappings and for characterizing the existence of fixed points. These methods are particularly important in planning and optimization tasks in wireless networks. For example, previous studies have shown that the feasibility of a network design can be quickly evaluated by computing the fixed point of a concave mapping that is constructed based on many environmental and network control parameters such as the position of base stations, channel conditions, and antenna tilts. To address this and more general problems, given a positive concave mapping, we show two alternative but equivalent ways to construct a matrix that is guaranteed to have spectral radius strictly smaller than one if the mapping has a fixed point. This matrix is then used to build a new mapping that preserves the fixed point of the original positive concave mapping. We show that the standard fixed point iterations using the new mapping converges faster than the standard iterations applied to the original concave mapping. As exemplary applications of the proposed methods, we consider the problems of power and load estimation in networks based on the orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) technology.
Ergebnisse und Lebensqualität nach Implantation aktiver Mittelohrimplantate (2022)

The provision of implantable hearing aids represents an area with high development and innovation potential. On the one hand, this review article provides an overview of current indication criteria for the treatment with active middle ear implants. On the other hand, outcome parameters as well as functional results after implantation of active middle ear implants are demonstrated and discussed. The focus is mainly placed on audiological results as well as the subjective health status. "Patient Reported Outcome Measures" (PROMs) have become an integral part of the evaluation of hearing implant treatment. Due to low evidence level criteria, the study situation regarding audiological as well as subjective outcome parameters is not satisfactory. The lack of an international consensus on accepted outcome parameters makes a meta-analytical analysis of results immensely difficult. In the studies published to date, patients with sensorineural hearing loss and patients with conductive or mixed hearing loss offered better speech recognition after implantation of an active middle ear implant compared to conventional hearing aids. Current analyses show a significant improvement in general as well as hearing-specific quality of life after implantation of an active middle ear implant. To date, no validated, hearing-specific quality-of-life measurement instruments exist for assessing the success of fitting in children. Especially in children with complex malformations of the outer ear and the middle ear, excellent audiological results were shown. However, these results need to be substantiated by quality-of-life measurements in future.
Power Module Design for Integrated Three-Phase Current Sensing Using a Single 3-D Point Field Detector (2020)

Past work has demonstrated that arrays of magnetoresistive (MR) point field detectors (PFDs) can be integrated into power modules and busbars for compact current sensing in multiphase power electronic systems. This paper presents a methodology to design three-phase full-bridge power modules with integrated current sensing using a single 3-D PFD. Frequency-dependent skin and proximity effects are investigated in the power module to increase the magnetic field bandwidth. Designs for leadframes, terminals, and baseplates are recommended for producing a net 3-D magnetic field that includes cross-coupling from all three phase currents. A 3-D field decoupling technique, presented in previous papers, is used to decouple the phase currents from the net magnetic field sensed by the 3-D PFD. Three-phase high-bandwidth current sensing is experimentally implemented in custom-designed leadframes with cross-coupled field decoupling using a single 3-D MR PFD. This integrated current sensing method provides advantages in power density, cost, manufacturing, and implementation.
Release of Gaseous Compounds During Torrefaction - Results from Test Runs and Modelling (2013)

Most of the current pyrolysis/torrefaction mechanisms are not able to predict the composition of pyrolysis/torrefaction products. They usually lump the products as permanent gases, liquids (condensable species) and solid residuals. However, the composition of the emitted species is required to predict the calorific value of the torrgas and to model the possible subsequent gas phase reactions and the temperature distribution within the reactor. Therefore, in this work a mechanism from literature is applied for the first time to predict the composition of the torrgas as a combination of twenty typical species. Several experimental data sets from literature are used to evaluate the mechanism. Since the mechanism predicts several relevant species (&gt;1% wt.) in the torrgas for which no experimental data in the literature are available, test runs at a lab-scale packed bed reactor have been performed to achieve more detailed data of torrgas composition for model validation. Among the species for which measured data are available, carbon monoxide and methanol are well predicted. The predictions of carbon dioxide, methane, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and ethanol are qualitatively correct. The predictions of water vapour, acetic acid, propanal, ethylene and sugar components show deviations. However, yields of solid residual and total emitted gas and tar are well predicted by the mechanism.
Clinical relevance of human papillomavirus testing in cytopathology (2005)

Cancer of the uterine cervix is the second most common cancer in women worldwide. Currently, cervical screening is based on cytology alone. Because infection with high-risk human papillomavirus types (hrHPVs) is a necessary cause of cervical cancer, it has been postulated that screening might become more efficient when it is based on combined cytology and hrHPV testing. In this review we will discuss the advantages of added HPV tests in cervical cancer screening, as a quality control for false-negative smears, in triage of women with equivocal smears, in follow-up of women treated for CIN3 or cervical cancer and for the detection of cervical adenocarcinoma.
Visual abstraction of complex motion patterns (2013)

Today’s tracking devices allow high spatial and temporal resolutions and due to their decreasing size also an ever increasing number of application scenarios. However, understanding motion over time is quite difficult as soon as the resulting trajectories are getting complex. Simply plotting the data may obscure important patterns since trajectories over long time periods often include many revisits of the same place which creates a high degree of over-plotting. Furthermore, important details are often hidden due to a combination of large-scale transitions with local and small-scale movement patterns. We present a visualization and abstraction technique for such complex motion data. By analyzing the motion patterns and displaying them with visual abstraction techniques a synergy of aggregation and simplification is reached. The capabilities of the method are shown in real-world applications for tracked animals and discussed with experts from biology. Our proposed abstraction techniques reduce visual clutter and help analysts to understand the movement patterns that are hidden in raw spatiotemporal data.
Minimum complexity regression estimation with weakly dependent observations (2002)

Given N strongly mixing observations.
Design and verification of MIMO 2&#x00D7;2 reference antennas (2012)

The development and initial discussion of a reference MIMO 2×2 antenna concept has been presented in [1]. The reference antenna concept has been created to eliminate the uncertainties linked to the unknown antenna performance of the few LTE MIMO 2×2 reference devices or golden standards currently available for evaluating radiated data throughput measurement methodologies and test facilities. The proposed concept is based on simple antennas with a well-known Figure of Merit (FoM) and controllable performance. In this paper we present the recent developments on the antenna concept and report on the first measured performance at uniform incoming power distribution, figures and correlations between different measurement labs.
Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ(1—13)NH2 Analogues Modified in the Phe1‐Gly2 Peptide Bond (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
CARTILAGE ABNORMALITIES ASSOCIATED WITH CHONDROCYTIC PRIMARY CILIA DEFECTS (2011)

Introduction: Primary cilia are found on virtually every mammalian cell; however, functions of primary cilia have not been extensively studied in chondrocytes. Interestingly, defects in the primary cilium result in skeletal defects such as polydactyly in Bardet-Biedl Syndrome (Bbs), a ciliary disorder that also results in obesity and retinopathy. Wild-type mice and mutant mice of the ciliary proteins Bbs1, Bbs2, and Bbs6 were evaluated for histological and biochemical differences in chondrocytes from articular cartilage. The aim was to examine cartilage abnormalities related to ciliary defects in Bbs mutant mice. Methods: Using immunofluorescence microscopy, chondrocytic cilia were visualized from load-bearing joints. Knee joints were then embedded in paraffin, stained, and serially sectioned. Articular cartilage was analyzed microscopically to evaluate histological differences between wild-type and mutant mice. Separately, chondrocytes were expanded in cell culture and implanted in solid agarose plugs that were sectioned over two weeks to quantify differences between mouse strains. Results: Significant differences in ciliary morphology were not identified between mouse strains. However, histological analysis revealed that Bbs mutant mice had significantly lower articular joint thickness (p Discussion/Conclusion: These data indicate that Bbs gene function plays a role in normal cartilage maintenance and suggest that the chondrocytic primary cilium contributes significantly to articular cartilage biochemistry.
Discovery of Potent Inhibitors of Dihydroneopterin Aldolase Using CrystaLEAD High-Throughput X-ray Crystallographic Screening and Structure-Directed Lead Optimization (2004)

Potent inhibitors of 7,8-dihydroneopterin aldolase (DHNA; EC 4.1.2.25) have been discovered using CrystaLEAD X-ray crystallographic high-throughput screening followed by structure-directed optimization. Screening of a 10 000 compound random library provided several low affinity leads and their corresponding X-ray crystal structures bound to the enzyme. The presence of a common structural feature in each of the leads suggested a strategy for the construction of a directed library of approximately 1000 compounds that were screened for inhibitory activity in a traditional enzyme assay. Several lead compounds with IC(50) values of about 1 microM against DHNA were identified, and crystal structures of their enzyme-bound complexes were obtained by cocrystallization. Structure-directed optimization of one of the leads thus identified afforded potent inhibitors with submicromolar IC(50) values.
Structured workflow management with Lotus Notes Release 4 (2002)

In this paper we describe the design and implementation of workflow management applications on top of Notes Release 4. We elaborate on various design issues for Notes workflow applications and introduce Notes Release 4's native workflow concepts like agents, events, macros, Lotus-Script, OLE2 capabilities, and doclinks, which make Notes a powerful workflow tool. The idea of the paper is the use of the Workflow Reference Model of the Workflow Management Coalition to define structured workflows, and execute these workflows through the exploitation of Notes Release 4's native workflow concepts.
Ground-Referenced Single-Ended Signaling: Applications for High-Density, Short-Haul Communication Systems (2019)

In this article, we discuss how ground-referenced signaling (GRS) avoids many of the challenges associated with SE signaling, thanks to a unique transmitter (Tx) topology, to produce a link with high reliability, high information density, and high energy efficiency for short-reach applications. GRS-based short-reach links also use a simple but robust clock-forwarding scheme to cancel jitter without the need for a clock recovery system at the receiver (Rx), thereby, saving significant power. This approach also provides high-bandwidth jitter tracking, which we take to the limit by matching circuit delay and delay sensitivity for clock and data lanes at both ends of the link. Codesign of the link circuitry and channel takes full advantage of the ability to match the insertion delays of multiple data/clock lanes within the short-reach interconnect. The low attenuation that can be achieved in a codesigned channel is leveraged to achieve a simple, robust, and low-power design.
Adaptive mobile applications over cellular advanced radio (2002)

As the demand for high quality asymmetric IP services for mobile users is increasing, research is analysing the suitability of today's wireless network for this services. Additional requirements are imposed by users travelling at a high speed. As it is clear that new spectrum cannot be easily allocated for new communication services to satisfy the capacity and coverage requirements of extremely mobile users, new approaches must be examined to flexible use regionally or temporarily available frequency bands. Hence mobile and legacy applications must deal with the described changing environment through quality-of-service (QoS) adaptation. This requires innovative middleware concepts that allow a simplified mobile application development.
Optimization of peano-gosper fractile arrays using genetic algorithms to reduce grating lobes during scanning (2005)

A new class of modular broadband low-sidelobe arrays has been recently introduced that are based on the theory of fractile (fractal tile) geometry. In this paper, the radiation properties of the Peano-Gosper fractile array are compared to those of the conventional square and hexagonal arrays. It is demonstrated that the Peano-Gosper array has the same desirable grating lobe conditions as the hexagonal array, while achieving a much lower overall sidelobe level. When a Peano-Gosper fractile array with minimum element spacing of one wavelength is scanned, grating lobes occur. It is shown that a genetic algorithm can perturb the element locations of the Peano-Gosper fractile array in order to reduce side lobe levels to an acceptable level. The genetic algorithm implements the two-point crossover technique along with mutations. The genetically optimized stage 1 Peano-Gosper curve with perturbed element locations can be used to create higher order stage arrays, which allows the highly desirable recursive property to be preserved. The genetically optimized Peano-Gosper fractile array remains relatively broadband.
Determination of serum zinc levels in normal Maltese adults by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (1974)

The importance of zinc as one of the essential trace elements in the living organisms is becoming increasingly recognised. In the process of carrying out measurements to establish normal reference values for our laboratory, it was noticed that the values being obtained, generally appeared to be higher than those published in the literature where similar techniques had been employed. It is important to gain further understanding of this metal in both health and disease as it appears that zinc is essential to an important variety of metabolic processes in man. We are unable to offer a satisfactory explanation for the difference in serum zinc levels in the two groups reported in this paper. Local water does not appear to have high zinc content and Maltese soil is known to be zinc deficient. It is known however that local farmers use a zinc containing fungicide (Zineb) on a large scale.
A different molecular interaction of bradykinin and the synthetic agonist FR190997 with the human B2 receptor: evidence from mutational analysis (2003)

Binding affinity at the [3H]-BK binding site and activity as inositol phosphate (IP) production by the peptide bradykinin (BK) and the nonpeptide FR190997 were studied at wild-type or point-mutated human B2 receptors (hB2R) expressed in CHO cells. The effect of the following mutations were analyzed: E47A (TM1), W86A and T89A (TM2), I110A, L114A and S117A (TM3), T158A, M165T and L166F (TM4), T197A and S211A (TM5), F252A, W256A and F259A (TM6), S291A, F292A, Y295A and Y295F (TM7), and the double mutation W256A/Y295F. As the wild-type receptor-binding affinity of FR190997 was 40-fold lower than BK, whereas their agonist potency was comparable, both agonists produced similar maximal effects (Emax). Mutations were evaluated as affecting the affinity and/or efficacy of FR190997 compared with BK. Two mutations were found to impair the agonist affinity of both agonists drastically: W86A and F259A. BK agonist affinity (pEC50) was reduced by 1400- and 150-fold, and that of FR190997 was reduced by 400- and 25-fold, at the W86A and F259A mutant B2 receptors, respectively. Contrary to BK, the affinity of FR190997 was selectively decreased at I110A, Y295A, and Y295F mutants (>103-fold), and a different efficacy was measured at the Y295 mutants, FR190997 being devoid of the capability to trigger IP production at Y295A mutant. L114A, F252A, and W256A selectively impaired the efficacy of FR190997, whereas its binding affinity was not affected. As a consequence, FR190997 behaved as a high-affinity antagonist in blocking the IP production induced by BK. The lack of capability of FR190997 to activate or to bind the double mutant W256A/Y295F suggests that these residues are part of the same binding site, which is also important for receptor activation by the nonpeptide ligand. Overall, by means of mutational analysis, we indicate an hB2R recognition site for the nonpeptide agonist FR190997 (between TM3, 6, and 7), different from that of BK, and show that in the same binding crevice some mutations (L114, W256, and F252) are selectively responsible for the agonist properties of only FR190997.