gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immunoglobulins from rats that are resistant to adjuvant arthritis suppress the disease in arthritis‐susceptible rats (1995)

The therapeutic effect of high doses of polyclonal immunoglobulins has been well established in various B cell-associated autoimmune diseases. In the present work we have examined the effect of low doses of immunoglobulins in adjuvant arthritis, a T cell-associated disease in the Lewis rat. Lewis rats were treated with purified rat immunoglobulins as well as their Fc and F(ab')2 fragments and their protective effect on adjuvant arthritis was evaluated. We found that early as well as late treatment with low doses of rat immunoglobulins induced refractoriness to disease induction. The effect was found to be carried out by the F(ab')2 part of the immunoglobulins and could be adsorbed by affinity purification on Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The protective antibodies were present in Fisher and BN rats that are resistant to adjuvant arthritis, but not in the arthritis susceptible Lewis and Wistar strains. We suggest that resistance to autoimmune arthritis is associated with the presence of protective immunoglobulins and that their effect is carried out through the antigen recognition part of the molecule.
40-Gb/s/ch operation of 1.3-&#x03BC;m four-wavelength lens-integrated surface-emitting DFB laser array (2012)

40-Gb/s/ch direct modulation of multi-wavelength 1.3-μm surface-emitting laser array is demonstrated. Fabricated laser array consisting of four-channel DFB stripes with modified gratings, 45° mirror, and integrated lens, exhibited clear 40-Gb/s eye openings over all four channels.
WAAS Signal Deformation Monitor Performance: Beyond the ICAO Threat Model (2017)

Over nearly 20 years, signal deformation monitoring implementations and research have advanced significantly. Both nominal and anomalous deformations have since been measured on numerous SVs, and sophisticated SBAS and GBAS monitoring algorithms have been exposed to them in real-time. Because of this, the accepted way of modeling signal deformation anomalies—i.e., the ICAO 2nd-Order Step model (with Dead Zones)—has itself come under greater scrutiny. Its continued ability to ensure that existing integrity monitors (previously designed using only that model) can protect against real-world signal deformation threats has yet to be re-assessed. In addition, little has been done to analyze monitor performance against threats outside the original threat model parameter limits. This paper proposes to assess the current WAAS signal quality monitor algorithm performance against several different kinds of deformation threats. First, it describes three alternative threat model—each extensions of the standard ICAO model, and each designed to more-accurately model past, real-world faults and nominal signal distortions. These alternate threat models include an extended range of standard 2 nd-order step parameters, an amplitude-modulated 2 nd-order model, and a single-reflection (multipath) model. The WAAS signal quality monitor is validated against each of these. It is shown that the existing WAAS monitor implementation is very capable of detecting many signal deformation threats not previously captured by the standard threat model, despite not having been specifically designed to mitigate them.
RE: MUCIN GENE EXPRESSION IN HUMAN UROTHELIUM AND IN INTESTINAL SEGMENTS TRANSPOSED INTO THE URINARY TRACT (2001)

No AccessJournal of UrologyCLINICAL UROLOGY: Letters to the Editor1 Jul 2001RE: MUCIN GENE EXPRESSION IN HUMAN UROTHELIUM AND IN INTESTINAL SEGMENTS TRANSPOSED INTO THE URINARY TRACT J. N’Dow, J.P. Pearson, M.K. Bennett, D.E. Neal, and C.N. Robson J. N’DowJ. N’Dow More articles by this author , J.P. PearsonJ.P. Pearson More articles by this author , M.K. BennettM.K. Bennett More articles by this author , D.E. NealD.E. Neal More articles by this author , and C.N. RobsonC.N. Robson More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)66126-5AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "RE: MUCIN GENE EXPRESSION IN HUMAN UROTHELIUM AND IN INTESTINAL SEGMENTS TRANSPOSED INTO THE URINARY TRACT." The Journal of Urology, 166(1), p. 220 References 1 : Expression cloning of gastric mucin complementary-DNA and localization of mucin gene expression. Gastroenterology1995; 109: 735. Google Scholar 2 : Mucin gene expression in normal, preneoplastic, and neoplastic human gastric epithelium. Cancer Res1995; 55: 2681. Google Scholar 3 : Altered expression of MUC2, MUC4, and MUC5 mucin genes in pancreas tissues and cancer cell lines. Gastroenterology1994; 106: 1054. Google Scholar 4 : In-situ hybridization shows distinct patterns of mucin gene expression in normal, benign, and malignant pancreas tissues. Gastroenterology1995; 109: 953. Google Scholar 5 : Expression of MUC1, MUC2, MUC3 and MUC4 mucin messenger-RNAs in human pancreatic and intestinal tumor-cell lines. Int J Cancer1994; 57: 198. Google Scholar 6 : Mucin glycoproteins in neoplasia. Glycoconj J1996; 13: 693. Google Scholar 7 : Immunohistochemical study of mucin carbohydrates and core proteins in human pancreatic tumors. Cancer1993; 71: 2191. Google Scholar 8 : Expression of MUC2 gene product in mucinous carcinoma of the breast in comparison with invasive ductal carcinoma. Acta Histochem Cytochem1995; 28: 239. Google Scholar © 2001 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 166Issue 1July 2001Page: 220 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2001 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information J. N’Dow More articles by this author J.P. Pearson More articles by this author M.K. Bennett More articles by this author D.E. Neal More articles by this author C.N. Robson More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antiviral Evaluation of New 4‐Quinolone Acyclonucleosides. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Conformational features of 4-(N)-squalenoyl-gemcitabine in solution: a combined NMR and molecular dynamics investigation (2015)

Folded conformations of 4-(<italic>N</italic>)-squalenoyl-gemcitabine in solution are obtained from a comparison of experimental and theoretical <italic>J</italic>-couplings.
Multiple object tracking in peripheral vision (2017)

Most attentive motion tracking studies have been restricted to central vision. Peripheral vision can support global and biological motion perception, although speed thresholds and noise tolerance are poorer than in central vision. We investigated peripheral attentive motion tracking using a multiple object tracking (MOT) task (n=15, 27±3 years of age). The potentially confounding effect of crowding was assessed by 1) manipulating the spacing between MOT task elements, and 2) conducting a numerosity judgement control experiment. Speed thresholds for a multiple object tracking (MOT) task involving 4 circular targets (1° diameter) and 4 identical distractors were measured using a 2-up 1-down staircase. Thresholds (based on partial report) were measured across 4 eccentricities (0°, ±5°, ±10°, and ±15°) with minimum element spacing set to 0.15°, 0.6° and 1.5°. The numerosity judgement task involved presentation of static frames from the MOT task within a temporal 2-alternate forced choice paradigm. Participants (n=12) judged which frame contained the most elements. MOT speed thresholds fell with eccentricity for every stimulus spacing. There was an approximately 5-fold reduction in threshold from central vision to 15° of eccentricity. There were no hemifield effects. Analyses of the speed thresholds revealed an interaction (F = 12.25, p< 0.001) between eccentricity and element spacing whereby an advantage of larger stimulus spacing in central vision was absent in the periphery. The opposite effect (F = 49.05, p< 0.001) was observed for the numerosity control task, whereby an advantage of larger stimulus spacing was more pronounced in the periphery than in central vision. This suggests that the effect of eccentricity on MOT speed thresholds was not solely due to peripheral crowding. Our results indicate that although attentive motion tracking is possible in the periphery, speed thresholds are dramatically reduced. This may limit the use of peripheral vision for attentive tracking in real-world situations. Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2017
Hydrogen-bonding control of molecular self-assembly: formation of a 2 + 2 complex in solution and in the solid state (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydrogen-bonding control of molecular self-assembly: formation of a 2 + 2 complex in solution and in the solid stateJi Yang, Erkang Fan, Steven J. Geib, and Andrew D. HamiltonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 12, 5314–5315Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00065a061https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00065a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views337Altmetric-Citations98LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Cover Image, Volume 33, Issue 4 (2023)

The cover image is based on the Editorial Adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus by Gerd Kempermann et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.23525.
Capacity control in linear classifiers for pattern recognition (2003)

Achieving good performance in statistical pattern recognition requires matching the capacity of the classifier to the amount of training data. If the classifier has too many adjustable parameters (large capacity), it is likely to learn the training data without difficulty, but will probably not generalize properly to patterns that do not belong to the training set. Conversely, if the capacity of the classifier is not large enough, it might not be able to learn the task at all. In between, there is an optimal classifier capacity which ensures the best expected generalization for a given amount of training data. The method of structural risk minimization (SRM) refers to tuning the capacity of the classifier to the available amount of training data. This paper illustrates the method of SRM with several examples of algorithms. Experiments confirm theoretical predictions of performance improvement in application to handwritten digit recognition.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Genetic diversity of equine arteritis virus. (1999)

Equine arteritis viruses (EAV) from Europe and America were compared by phylogenetic analysis of 43 isolates obtained over four decades. An additional 22 virus sequences were retrieved from GenBank. Fragments of the glycoprotein G(L) and the replicase genes were amplified by RT-PCR, prior to sequencing and construction of phylogenetic trees. The trees revealed many distinctive lineages, consistent with prolonged diversification within geographically separated host populations. Two large groups and five subgroups were distinguished. Group I consisted mainly of viruses from North America, whilst group II consisted mainly of European isolates. In most instances, where the geographic origin of the viruses appeared to be at variance with the phylogenetically predicted relationships, the horses from which the viruses were recovered had been transported between Europe and America or vice versa. Analysis of the replicase gene revealed similar phylogenetic relationships although not all of the groups were as clearly defined. Virus strains CH1 (Switzerland, 1964) and S1 (Sweden, 1989) represented separate 'outgroups' based on analysis of both genomic regions. The results of this study confirm the value of the G(L) gene of EAV for estimating virus genetic diversity and as a useful tool for tracing routes by which EAV is spread. In addition, computer-assisted predictions of antigenic sites on the G(L) protein revealed considerable variability among the isolates, especially with respect to regions associated with neutralization domains.
Effects of drought stress on maize kernel set. (2017)

Drought stress reduces the resources available to support normal ear establishment and kernel development in maize. These resources include both carbon and nitrogen assimilates, as well as the water and minerals necessary to support cell division and expansion of the ear. The integrated response of maize to these resource limitations is a consequence of many regulatory decision points at the molecular, biochemical, tissue and organ levels. Minimizing rate-limiting processes at any one of these levels could potentially reduce the impact of drought stress on grain yield. This chapter poses critical questions that persist regarding factors that limit maize kernel set during exposure to drought stress conditions, and augments these questions with specific insights.
Hybrid W-Band/Baseband Transmission for Fixed-Mobile Convergence Supported by Heterodyne Detection with Data-Carrying Local Oscillator (2020)

A novel architecture with data-carrying local oscillator was proposed and demonstrated, supporting co-transmission of 35.39-Gbps W-band OFDM at 85-GHz and 10.9-Gbps OOK signals. Sensitivity penalty induced by interference as low as 0.5 dB was experimentally validated.
Dynamic Interactions between TIP60 and p300 Regulate FOXP3 Function through a Structural Switch Defined by a Single Lysine on TIP60 (2014)

The human FOXP3 molecule is an oligomeric transcriptional factor able to mediate activities that characterize T regulatory cells, a class of lymphocytes central to the regulation of immune responses. The activity of FOXP3 is regulated at the posttranslational level, in part by two histone acetyltransferases (HATs): TIP60 and p300. TIP60 and p300 work cooperatively to regulate FOXP3 activity. Initially, p300 and TIP60 interactions lead to the activation of TIP60 and facilitate acetylation of K327 of TIP60, which functions as a molecular switch to allow TIP60 to change binding partners. Subsequently, p300 is released from this complex, and TIP60 interacts with and acetylates FOXP3. Maximal induction of FOXP3 activities is observed when both p300 and TIP60 are able to undergo cooperative interactions. Conditional knockout of TIP60 in Treg cells significantly decreases the Treg population in the peripheral immune organs, leading to a scurfy-like fatal autoimmune disease.
TL-1836, a new orally active taxane with curative antitumor activity against human tumor xenografts (2008)

1401 Paclitaxel and docetaxel are the two taxanes currently used for the treatment of patients with a wide variety of tumors such as breast cancer and NSCLC. However, both paclitaxel and docetaxel are not effective in resistant models such as those tumors that over express p-glycoprotein (MDR1). There is a strong need for a better taxane in order to achieve long term survival and objective responses. The antitumor activity of TL-1836 was evaluated in vitro in numerous human tumor cell lines and in vivo in athymic nude mice bearing human tumor xenografts derived from several different histological origins. The in vitro cell lines tested included a wide variety of human cancer cell lines: renal (2): melanoma (3): ovarian (2); lung (2); brain (1); colon (2); pancreatic (1); and mesothelioma (1). TL-1836 was more potent than paclitaxel in all cell lines and more potent than docetaxel in all but one cell line. In the taxane resistant cell lines such as OVCAR5 (ovarian), DLD-1 (colon), MSTO-211H (mesothelioma), 786-0 (renal) and A375 (melanoma), TL-1836 was at least 10 times more potent than paclitaxel. These cell lines included MDR1 resistant models and some models with other mechanisms of resistance. The in vivo activity of TL-1836 was tested in athymic nude mice in four different xenograft models. TL-1836 when dosed IV at a single dose of 30 mg/kg was completely curative in the MX1 human breast cancer model. TL-1836 when dosed IV at doses of 30 mg/kg on an every four day schedule for four doses was completely curative in the A375 human melanoma model. Docetaxel was not effective in this model. In the taxane resistant MSTO-211H human mesothelioma model, TL-1836 when dosed IV at 30 mg/kg on an every four day schedule for four doses showed greater than 50% tumor regression, while docetaxel was not effective in this model. In the HT29 human colon model, TL-1836 was dosed orally at a dose of 50 mg/kg and IV at a dose of 25 mg/kg on an every four day schedule for four doses. On the oral dosing schedule TL-1836 showed 6 out of 6 complete regressions with 3 long term tumor free survivors. The oral bioavailability is estimated to be greater than 50%. The toxicity of TL-1836 in rats was compared at 12 mg/kg at both a single dose and a weekly dosing schedule for three doses. Docetaxel was tested at the same dose and schedules. The overall toxicity of the two compounds was similar except the docetaxel treated rats showed high amounts of axonal degeneration on the weekly dosing schedule while the TL-1836 treated animals showed almost no axonal degeneration indicating that TL-1836 may have advantages in the clinic with lessened neurotoxicity compared to paclitaxel and docetaxel. In summary, the curative and oral activity of TL-1836 in human xenografts, activity against resistant tumor lines, and its neurotoxicity profile in rats distinguishes it from the clinically useful taxanes, paclitaxel and docetaxel.
Data-driven Mass Estimation in Continuously Variable Transmission Agricultural Tractors (2021)

Many control vehicle systems are based on the knowledge of the current load. This trend has recently emerged also in heavy-duty and agricultural vehicles. Knowing the mass has in fact benefits both on safety and driving comfort. This paper proposes a mass estimation algorithm, based on already available sensors for an agricultural tractor equipped with a Continuously Variable Transmission. To this aim, the transmission model is derived, as the key ingredient of the mass estimate is the preliminary knowledge of the wheel torque. The latter, however, may be useful also for other control purposes, concerning, for example, longitudinal dynamics control. In the paper, the estimators proposed are applied on real world data.
Two genes encoding Arabidopsis halleri MTP1 metal transport proteins co‐segregate with zinc tolerance and account for high MTP1 transcript levels (2004)

The zinc hyperaccumulator plant Arabidopsis halleri is able to naturally accumulate 100-fold higher leaf zinc concentrations when compared with non-accumulator species such as the closely related A. lyrata and A. thaliana, without showing toxicity symptoms. A novel member of the cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) protein family, an A. halleri metal tolerance protein 1 (MTP1), and the homologous A. thaliana Zn transporter (ZAT)/AtMTP1 metal-specifically complement the zinc hypersensitivity of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae zrc1 cot1 mutant strain. A fusion of the AhMTP1 protein to green fluorescent protein (GFP) localizes to the vacuolar membrane of A. thaliana protoplasts. When compared with A. lyrata and A. thaliana, the total MTP1 transcript levels are substantially higher in the leaves and upregulated upon exposure to high zinc concentrations in the roots of A. halleri. The high MTP1 transcript levels in A. halleri can be primarily attributed to two genetically unlinked genomic AhMTP1 gene copies. The two corresponding loci co-segregate with zinc tolerance in the back-cross 1 generation of a cross between the zinc-tolerant species A. halleri and the zinc-sensitive species A. lyrata. In contrast, a third MTP1 gene in the genome of A. halleri generates only minor amounts of MTP1 transcripts and does not co-segregate with zinc tolerance. Our data suggests that zinc tolerance in A. halleri involves an expanded copy number of an ancestral MTP1 gene, encoding functional proteins that mediate the detoxification of zinc in the cell vacuole. At the transcript level, MTP1 gene copies of A. halleri are regulated differentially and in response to changes in zinc supply.
Organic Salts Suppress Aggregation and Enhance the Hyperpolarizability of a π‐Twisted Chromophore (2018)

Twisted intramolecular charge-transfer (TICT) chromophores exhibit extraordinary hyperpolarizabilities, β, and are therefore promising for electro-optic technologies. Nevertheless, centrosymmetric aggregate formation severely diminishes β in concentrated solutions or in polymer matrices. Herein, the remarkable effects of organic salts on the linear and nonlinear optical response of a high β benzimidazolium-based TICT chromophore, B2TMC-2, are reported. Addition of Bu<sub>4</sub> P<sup>+</sup> Br<sup>-</sup> to B2TMC-2 solution in CHCl<sub>3</sub> induces a halochromic blueshift, primarily reflecting interactions between Bu<sub>4</sub> P<sup>+</sup> Br<sup>-</sup> and the B2TMC-2 cationic portion. DC electric-field induced second-harmonic generation (EFISH) measurements on B2TMC-2+Bu<sub>4</sub> P<sup>+</sup> Br<sup>-</sup> solution reveal a large μβ=-22,160×10<sup>-48</sup> esu, unprecedented for any chromophore with such a broad optical transparency window. Moreover, Bu<sub>4</sub> P<sup>+</sup> Br<sup>-</sup> is shown to suppress B2TMC-2 aggregation, thereby preserving high μβ in concentrated solutions. This phenomenon should be applicable to many other NLO chromophores.
A High Power InGaN‐LED on an m‐Plane GaN Substrate (2015)

SUMMARY Growing demands for reduction of energy consumption and environmental impact are rapidly leading to the spread of solid‐state LED lighting with low power consumption and high reliability. To meet these demands, we are developing high efficiency and high power LEDs on GaN substrates. A high optical output power of 1.23 W at 1 A was obtained by using the technologies of epitaxial growth of high‐quality m‐plane InGaN on GaN substrates and low contact resistance electrodes. The m‐plane InGaN‐LED realized a quite small external‐efficiency droop of about 20% up to 500 A/cm 2 , while major droop occurs in polar c‐plane (0001) InGaN LEDs.