gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
3D Archimedean spiral metasurface for enhances broadband optical chirality (2021)

Metasurfaces comprising 3D chiral structures have shown great potential in chiroptical applications such as chiral optical components and sensing. So far, the main challenges lie in the nanofabrication and the limited operational bandwidth. Here, we present an effective nanofabrication method to create a 3D chiral metasurface with far- and nearfield broadband chiroptical properties. A focused ion beam is used to cut and stretch nanowires into 3D Archimedean spirals from stacked films. The spiral exhibits far- and near-field broadband chiroptical responses from 2 to 8 μm. With circularly polarized light (CPL), the spiral shows superior far-field transmission dissymmetry and handedness-dependent near-field localization. The reported method and chiral metasurface may find applications in broadband chiral optics and chiral sensing.
Nanosized MCM-22 zeolite using simple non-surfactant organic growth modifiers: synthesis and catalytic applications (2018)

Non surfactant cyclic alkylammonium can selectively decrease the rate of crystal growth along the x-y crystal axes during the synthesis of MWW zeolite. This results in an ∼60 nm nanocrystalline zeolite that shows remarkable catalytic properties for the production of cumene.
Activation of the calcium-sensing receptor induces deposition of tight junction components to the epithelial cell plasma membrane (2013)

The Ca(2+)-sensing receptor (CaSR) belongs to the G-protein-coupled receptor superfamily and plays essential roles in divalent ion homeostasis and cell differentiation. Because extracellular Ca(2+) is essential for the development of stable epithelial tight junctions (TJs), we hypothesized that the CaSR participates in regulating TJ assembly. We first assessed the expression of the CaSR in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells at steady state and following manipulations that modulate TJ assembly. Next, we examined the effects of CaSR agonists and antagonists on TJ assembly. Immunofluorescence studies indicate that endogenous CaSR is located at the basolateral pole of MDCK cells. Stable transfection of human CaSR in MDCK cells further reveals that this protein co-distributes with β-catenin on the basolateral membrane. Switching MDCK cells from low-Ca(2+) medium to medium containing a normal Ca(2+) concentration significantly increases CaSR expression at both the mRNA and protein levels. Exposure of MDCK cells maintained in low-Ca(2+) conditions to the CaSR agonists neomycin, Gd(3+) or R-568 causes the transient relocation of the tight junction components ZO-1 and occludin to sites of cell-cell contact, while inducing no significant changes in the expression of mRNAs encoding junction-associated proteins. Stimulation of CaSR also increases the interaction between ZO-1 and the F-actin-binding protein I-afadin. This effect does not involve activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase. By contrast, CaSR inhibition by NPS-2143 significantly decreases interaction of ZO-1 with I-afadin and reduces deposition of ZO-1 at the cell surface following a Ca(2+) switch from 5 µM to 200 µM [Ca(2+)]e. Pre-exposure of MDCK cells to the cell-permeant Ca(2+) chelator BAPTA-AM, similarly prevents TJ assembly caused by CaSR activation. Finally, stable transfection of MDCK cells with a cDNA encoding a human disease-associated gain-of-function mutant form of the CaSR increases the transepithelial electrical resistance of these cells in comparison to expression of the wild-type human CaSR. These observations suggest that the CaSR participates in regulating TJ assembly.
The Effects of Transient Radiation on GaAs Schottky Diode FET Logic Circuits (1983)

GaAs integrated circuits are presently under evaluation to determine their suitability in applications requiring performance in high radiation environments. A GaAs digital integrated circuit of MSI complexity, implemented with Schottky Diode FET Logic (SDFL) was exposed to transient ionizing radiation, ranging from 1 × 108 to 2 × 1010 rads/s. Under optimal bias conditions, the circuit was undisturbed by dose rates as high as 1 × 1010 rads/s. The perturbation in the circuits' performance at high dose rates is explained, and methods of improving the ability of the circuit to perform in high radiation environments are proposed.
Aluminum Fluoride Modified HZSM-5 Zeolite with Superior Performance in Synthesis of Dimethyl Ether from Methanol (2012)

A series of HZSM-5 catalysts modified with various loadings of aluminum fluoride (AlF3) were prepared from a mechanical mixture route. Combined characterizations of X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), 27Al, 29Si, 19F MAS NMR, N2 sorption, and NH3-tempeature-programmed desorption (NH3-TPD) techniques show that the structure, texture, and acidity of HZSM-5 catalysts can be adjusted with the loading of AlF3. A suitable amount of AlF3 modification (2 wt %) could increase the framework aluminum content and the surface area of HZSM-5. However, when the loading of AlF3 came to 3 wt % or more, the contrary results were obtained, which could be ascribed to the dealumination of the zeolitic framework. The catalytic activities for dehydration of methanol to dimethyl ether (DME) show that suitable amount of AlF3-modified HZSM-5 exhibited much higher activity and better stability than parent HZSM-5. The combination of “tunable” synthesis and “superior” properties is very much valuable in the academic and industry.
In Vivo Determination of Urinary Stone Composition Using Dual Energy Computerized Tomography With Advanced Post-Acquisition Processing (2010)

Dual energy computerized tomography with novel post-processing allows accurate discrimination among main subtypes of urinary calculi in vivo and, thus, may have implications in determining the optimum clinical treatment of urinary calculi from a noninvasive, preoperative radiological assessment.
Lesion Volume, Injury Severity, and Thalamic Integrity following Head Injury (1996)

Magnetic resonance (MR) scans of 63 traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients were analyzed to examine the relationship between injury severity, lesion volume (nonthalamic cortical/subcortical lesions), ventricle-to-brain ratio (VBR), and thalamic volume. For comparison, 33 normal control subjects were used. Patients with visible nonthalamic structural lesions showed significantly smaller thalamic volumes than patients without visible lesions or control subjects. Results also indicated that patients with visible lesions had significantly more severe injuries than patients without lesions. Patients with moderate–severe injuries had significantly smaller thalamic volumes and greater VBRs than patients with mild–moderate injuries. Although several variables related to thalamic volume, the presence of nonthalamic lesions was sufficient to result in smaller thalamic volume. Decreased thalamic volume following head injury suggests that subcortical brain structures may be susceptible to transneuronal degeneration following cortical lesions, and that this can be detected by in vivo MR-based volumetric analysis.
Measurements of high temperature superconducting wires and coils: Liquid neon facility (1992)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation T. L. Francavilla, D. U. Gubser; Measurements of high temperature superconducting wires and coils: Liquid neon facility. AIP Conf. Proc. 10 February 1992; 273 (1): 455–461. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.43594 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Characterization of polyimide foams after exposure to extreme weathering conditions (2004)

Abstract The weathering degradation of three closely related polyimide foams was studied by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Thermomechanical Analysis (TMA) after exposure at the NASA Kennedy Space Center's (KSC) Beach Corrosion Site. These foams were developed by NASA Langley Research Center for applications such as cryogenic insulation, flame retardant panels and structural subcomponents. The degradative environmental conditions at the KSC corrosion site include exposure to sunlight, exposure to changes in temperature and humidity, mechanical erosion by wind and rain, and high sodium chloride content due to the close proximity of the ocean. Other possible atmospheric contaminants include hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen chloride (the latter originating with exhausts from the launching of space vehicles). The foams were studied for a total of 17 months exposure, with samples taken at 3, 9 and 17 months. Data analyses of the weathered foams showed that chemical structure and density effects were the key variables in weathering performance. The carbonyl linkage in the dianhydride of the TEEK-L series polyimide foams is the most important factor in degradation. TEEK-H series foams, which contain an ether linkage in the dianhydride, showed much less degradation or more resistance to weathering in comparison to the TEEK-L series. In the same chemical series, the lower density foams were more degraded in comparison to higher density foams.
Coronary MRA at 3 T using 3d multi-interleaved multi-echo acquisition with varpro fat-water separation (2010)

Introduction Coronary MR Angiography is a valuable tool for non-invasive assessment of coronary arteries. Presently, contrastenhanced, fat-saturated, ECG-triggered and navigatorgated 3D spoiled gradient-echo sequence is employed for whole-heart Coronary MRA at 3 T[1]. However, large static field variations at 3 T frequently result in non-uniform fat-suppression over the field-of-view (FOV), obscuring the delineation of coronary arteries. Multi-echo Dixon approaches utilizing iterative decomposition have been shown to provide robust fat-water separation even in the presence of large field inhomogeneities. In this study, an ECG-triggered navigator-gated 3D spoiled gradientecho multi-interleaved multi-echo (GRE-MEMI) pulse sequence is introduced which utilizes VARPRO[2] fatwater separation to achieve reliable fat-suppression and provides enhanced visualization of coronary arteries.
Deep Supervision with Intermediate Concepts (2018)

Recent data-driven approaches to scene interpretation predominantly pose inference as an end-to-end black-box mapping, commonly performed by a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). However, decades of work on perceptual organization in both human and machine vision suggests that there are often intermediate representations that are intrinsic to an inference task, and which provide essential structure to improve generalization. In this work, we explore an approach for injecting prior domain structure into neural network training by supervising hidden layers of a CNN with intermediate concepts that normally are not observed in practice. We formulate a probabilistic framework which formalizes these notions and predicts improved generalization via this deep supervision method. One advantage of this approach is that we are able to train only from synthetic CAD renderings of cluttered scenes, where concept values can be extracted, but apply the results to real images. Our implementation achieves the state-of-the-art performance of 2D/3D keypoint localization and image classification on real image benchmarks, including KITTI, PASCAL VOC, PASCAL3D+, IKEA, and CIFAR100. We provide additional evidence that our approach outperforms alternative forms of supervision, such as multi-task networks.
Sub-retinal pigment epithelial deposits in a dominant late-onset retinal degeneration. (1996)

This novel retinal degeneration shares histopathologic and clinical features with both Sorsby fundus dystrophy and retinitis pigmentosa. The sub-RPE deposits may disrupt the exchange of nutrients and metabolites between the retina and the choriocapillaris, leading to photoreceptor dysfunction and degeneration.
Development of Highly Sensitive Immunochromatographic Detection Kit for Seasonal Influenza Virus Using Silver Amplification (2012)

Applying our photo technology, we succeeded in generating silver particles exceeding 10 μm by using 50 nm gold particles as catalysts, which are commonly used in commercially available influenza diagnostic kits. The amplified silver particles are 1,000 times easier to see than gold nano-particles. We have commercialized the influenza detection kit, named “FUJI DRI-CHEM IMMUNO AG cartridge FluAB”, and the densitometry analysis machine to determine automatically positive or negative for influenza infection, named “FUJI DRI-CHEM IMMUNO AG1”, using this amplification technology.
Asn102 of the Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Receptor Is a Critical Determinant of Potency for Agonists Containing C-terminal Glycinamide (1996)

We demonstrate a critical role for Asn102 of the human gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor in the binding of GnRH. Mutation of Asn102, located at the top of the second transmembrane helix, to Ala resulted in a 225-fold loss of potency for GnRH. Eight GnRH analogs, all containing glycinamide C termini like GnRH, showed similar losses of potency between 95- and 750-fold for the [Ala102]GnRHR, compared with wild-type receptor. In contrast, four GnRH analogs that had ethylamide in place of the C-terminal glycinamide residue, showed much smaller decreases in potency between 2.4- and 11-fold. In comparisons of three agonist pairs, differing only at the C terminus, glycinamide derivatives showed an 11-20-fold greater loss of potency for the mutant receptor than their respective ethylamide derivatives. Thus Asn102 is a critical determinant of potency specifically for ligands with C-terminal glycinamide, while ligands with C-terminal ethylamide are less dependent on Asn102. These findings indicate a role for Asn102 in the docking of the glycinamide C terminus and are consistent with hydrogen bonding of the Asn102 side chain with the C-terminal amide moiety. Taken with previous data, they suggest a region of the GnRH receptor formed by the top of helices 2 and 7 as a binding pocket for the C-terminal part of the ligand.
Capacity analysis of biometric hashing methods (2011)

We address the capacity analysis problem for the biometric hashing methods in this work. To the best of our knowledge, there is no work on this topic in the literature up to now. We develop an information theoretic capacity analysis method for biometric hashing methods. The proposed method depends on the within-class noise resilience which is analogues to the variations of the biometric data belonging to any user in the system. With the proposed method, we can also estimate the maximum number of users that a biometric hashing system can reliable accommodate. Besides, we test the performance of the proposed method with two different face image databases. Thus, we also experimentally estimate the maximum number of users that a biometric hashing method can handle. In order to compare the results with the another performance metric, we calculate the equal error rate of the biometric hashing methods as well.
Neuroeffector mechanisms in the voiding cycle of the guinea‐pig urinary bladder (1987)

1. The effect of drugs expected to modify cholinergic (atropine, physostigmine) or GABA-ergic (GABA, picrotoxin, bicuculline methiodide, BMI) neurotransmission were investigated on the voiding cycle of the urinary bladder in urethane-anaesthetized guinea-pigs. 2. Transvesical saline infusion elicited a series of regular voiding cycles which were abolished by topical tetrodotoxin as well as by topical or intravenous (i.v.) hexamethonium, thus indicating their reflex neurogenic origin. 3. Either i.v. or topical atropine decreased amplitude and duration of micturition contraction, reduced efficiency of bladder voiding and, in about 30% of preparations, suppressed micturition (overflow incontinence). Either topical or i.v. physostigmine potentiated, in an atropine-sensitive manner, voiding efficiency. 4. GABA was administered during the ascending limb of the voiding cycle: i.v. GABA inhibited while topical GABA increased efficiency of the first voiding cycle. Both direction and intensity of the effect of GABA were dependent upon initial pressures. The second and following voiding cycles after GABA administration were inhibited transiently. 5. Either topical or i.v. picrotoxin or BMI potentiated the efficiency of the voiding cycle of the guinea-pig bladder. In these preparations either i.v. or topical GABA (administered during the ascending limb of the voiding cycle) produced only inhibitory effects on voiding efficiency. 6. These findings indicate that, in guinea-pigs, bladder voiding is largely dependent upon an intact cholinergic neurotransmission. Although amplitude of the initial voiding contraction is largely atropine-resistant, its duration and, consequently, degree of bladder voiding, are strongly influenced by blockade (atropine) or potentiation (physostigmine) of cholinergic neurotransmission. Endogenous GABA-ergic mechanism modulate, possibly at peripheral level, the voiding efficiency of the guinea-pig bladder. GABA exerts a complex neuromodulatory influence on voiding function, its overall effect being mainly influenced by resting parameters.
Quantification of Thermal Barrier Efficiency of Intumescent Coatings on Glass Fibre-Reinforced Epoxy Composites (2018)

In this work, the thermal barrier efficiency of three commercial intumescent coatings of varying thicknesses on glass fibre-reinforced epoxy (GRE) composites has been studied using cone calorimetric parameters and temperature profiles through the thicknesses, obtained by inserting thermocouples in the sample during the experiment. The methodologies developed to measure char expansion of the three coatings during the cone experiment as well under slow heating conditions using an advanced rheometric expansion system have been discussed. While the expansion ratios in the two experiments were different, the trends were similar. Thermal conductivities of the chars as a function of time were measured, which could be related to the intumescence steps of respective coatings. The accurate measurements of these parameters are important in predicting the surface requirements of an ideal coating that can enable a given composite structure to survive a defined thermal threat for a specified period of time.
Tumor Necrosis Factor Increases Serum Leptin Levels in Humans (1997)

Leptin is a pleiotropic hormone believed to regulate body weight. Its function in wasting during inflammatory disease in humans is unknown. We studied the effect of repeated tumor necrosis factor (TNF) infusion on serum leptin levels in six patients with solid tumors. TNF infusion on day 1 resulted in an increase in serum leptin levels from 3.1 (SEM +/- 0.28) ng/mL to 5.2 (SEM +/- 0.6) ng/mL after 12 h (P < 0.001). The serum levels returned to baseline within 24 h. Similar results were obtained when TNF was infused on subsequent days. The study shows that leptin serum levels are under control of TNF.
Synthesis and Properties of Planar Liquid-Crystalline Bisphenazines (2004)

A synthetic route to fused bisphenazine compounds has been developed. Thus, 2,7-di-tert-butyl-quinoxalino[2‘,3‘,9,10]phenanthro[4,5-abc]phenazine-6,7,15,16-tetraalkoxy compounds have been synthesized in good yields. The structures of these new compounds were ascertained by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectroscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized light microscopy (PLM), and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) studies showed that some of these planar molecules display liquid crystalline phases at elevated temperatures. WAXD analysis also indicated that the molecules undergo π−π stacking in the liquid crystalline phase. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) showed that the compounds undergo two reduction processes. Thus, it is speculated that the materials have potential as electron transporting materials in electronic devices such as organic photovoltaic or light-emitting diodes.
Multidimensional encoding of restricted and anisotropic diffusion by double rotation of the q-vector (2022)

Abstract. Diffusion NMR and MRI methods building on the classic pulsed gradient spin echo sequence are sensitive to many aspects of translational motion, including time/frequency-dependence (“restriction”), anisotropy, and flow, which leads to ambiguities when interpreting experimental data from complex heterogeneous materials such as living biological tissues. Higher specificity to restriction or anisotropy can be obtained with, respectively, oscillating gradient or tensor-valued encoding which nevertheless both have some sensitivity to the property not being of direct interest. Here we propose a simple scheme derived from the “double rotation” technique in solid-state NMR to generate a family of modulated gradient waveforms allowing for comprehensive exploration of the two-dimensional frequency-anisotropy space and convenient investigation of both restricted and anisotropic diffusion with a single multidimensional acquisition protocol. The method is demonstrated by measuring multicomponent isotropic Gaussian diffusion in simple liquids, anisotropic Gaussian diffusion in a polydomain lyotropic liquid crystal, and restricted diffusion in a yeast cell sediment.
Topology and bifurcations in Hamiltonian coupled cell systems (2016)

The coupled cell formalism is a systematic way to represent and study coupled nonlinear differential equations using directed graphs. In this work, we focus on coupled cell systems in which individual cells are also Hamiltonian. We show that some coupled cell systems do not admit Hamiltonian vector fields because the associated directed graphs are incompatible. In broad terms, we prove that only systems with bidirectionally coupled digraphs can be Hamiltonian. Aside from the topological criteria, we also study the linear theory of regular Hamiltonian coupled cell systems, i.e. systems with only one type of node and one type of coupling. We show that the eigenspace at a codimension-one bifurcation from a synchronous equilibrium of a regular Hamiltonian network can be expressed in terms of the eigenspaces of the adjacency matrix of the associated directed graph. We then prove results on steady-state bifurcations and a version of the Hamiltonian Hopf theorem.
Iterative processing of second-order optical nonlinearity depth profiles (2004)

We show through numerical simulations and experimental data that a fast and simple iterative loop known as the Fienup algorithm can be used to process the measured Maker-fringe curve of a nonlinear sample to retrieve the sample's nonlinearity profile. This algorithm is extremely accurate for any profile that exhibits one or two dominant peaks, which covers a wide range of practical profiles, including any nonlinear film of crystalline or organic material (rectangular profiles) and poled silica, for which an excellent experimental demonstration is provided. This algorithm can also be applied to improve the accuracy of the nonlinearity profile obtained by an inverse Fourier transform technique.