gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polymer-sustained-alignment liquid crystal cell produced from the monomer containing benzophenone-moiety and its image-sticking property (2020)

As a model of polymer-sustained-alignment liquid crystal display (PSA-LCD), the LC cells having the polymer layers produced from mixed monomers of 4,4ʹ-dimethacryloyl-oxy-biphenyl (4,4ʹ-DMABiph) and 4,4ʹ-dimethacryloyl-oxy-benzophenone (4,4ʹ-DMABenz) were fabricated and investigated image-sticking phenomenon with evaluations of residual direct current voltage (VrDC) and difference in pretilt angle before and after application of alternate current voltage (∆tilt). A rate constant of the polymerisation became large with an addition of a small amount of 4,4ʹ-DMABenz into 4,4ʹ-DMABiph. The VrDC was effectively improved with the addition of a small amount of 4,4ʹ-DMABenz because the concentrations of radical and ion in the LC layer were decreased due to enlargement for the rate constant of the polymerisation. The Δtilt was small enough only below 14% of 4,4ʹ-DMABenz in the mixed monomers of 4,4ʹ-DMABiph and 4,4ʹ-DMABenz. We confirmed that the PSA-LC cell produced from the mixed monomers of 4,4ʹ-DMABiph and 4,4ʹ-DMABenz with the weight ratio of 4,4ʹ-DMABenz between 9% and 14% was useful for obtaining the small level of image sticking.
Observing the Effects of Shaping on Gas Adsorption in Metal Organic Frameworks (2016)

International audience
Di-Block PLCL and Tri-Block PLCLG Matrix Polymeric Nanoparticles Enhanced the Anticancer Activity of Loaded 5-Fluorouracil (2016)

In the current study, 5-FU-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared using polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), polycaprolactone (PCL), di-block poly lactide-co-caprolactone (PLCL) and tri-block poly L-lactide-co-caprolactone-co-glycolide (PLCLG). The influence of these polymers on the particle sizes, morphology, drug loading, and in vitro drug release was investigated. The anticancer activity was assessed utilizing MTT assay in three human cancer cell lines of different tissue origin; brain (Daoy), liver (HepG2), and colorectal (HT29) using suitable negative and positive controls. The prepared NPs showed a uniform spherical shape with an average size range of 193.5± 6.3 to 303.5± 3.3 nm with negative zeta potential. The entrapment efficiency achieved with F4-F6 (block copolymer NPs) was 78-79% and significantly higher compared with F1 PLGA (31%) and F2; PCL (37%). An initial rapid 5-FU release followed by a slow release ranging from 35% to 81% after 72 h was observed. All the prepared NPs formulations showed enhancement in the cytotoxicity of 5-FU towards all the three cancer cell lines. Generally, block copolymer NPs (F4-F6) showed higher % cell death over PLGA (F1) and PCL (F2) NPs after 48 and 72 h incubation in the case of HepG2 and HT-29. The incorporation of PEG with the tri-block (F6) caused a significant increase in the cytotoxicity of NPs in all of the three cancer cell lines. Block copolymer-based NPs can be considered as promising carriers for enhancing the efficacy of 5-FU in cancer therapy.
Immunohistochemical analysis of in vivo patterns of TRAF-3 expression, a member of the TNF receptor-associated factor family (1997)

An immunohistochemical approach was used to explore the in vivo expression of TNF receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF-3), a putative signaling protein that binds to the cytosolic domains of CD30, CD40, and lymphotoxin-beta receptors. TRAF-3 immunostaining was detected in many types of cells throughout the human body. TRAF-3 immunostaining was only rarely present in thymocytes but was found in the thymic epithelioreticular cells. Lymphocytes in the bone marrow were also typically TRAF-3 immunonegative, whereas myeloid progenitor cells and megakaryocytes were often TRAF-3 positive. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were mostly TRAF-3 immunonegative, while granulocytes were TRAF-3 immunopositive. Monocytes were strongly immunostained for TRAF-3, but macrophages in nodes typically contained little or no TRAF-3 immunoreactivity. Some lymphocytes within the germinal centers of secondary lymphoid follicles in normal and reactive nodes were TRAF-3 immunopositive, as were occasional interfollicular lymphocytes in the T cell regions of these organs, but most lymphocytes appeared to be TRAF-3 immunonegative or stained only weakly. Plasma cells, however, were strongly TRAF-3 positive. Stimulation of PBLs with anti-CD3 Ab induced marked increases in the steady state levels of TRAF-3 protein in vitro as determined by immunoblotting, while levels of TRAF-2 were unchanged, implying a dynamic regulation of TRAF-3 expression. The findings establish for the first time the cell type- and differentiation-specific patterns of expression of a member of the TRAF family of proteins.
A miniaturized broadband lumped element circulator for reconfigurable front-end system (2014)

A novel miniaturized broadband circulator for reconfigurable mobile handsets has been successfully developed. The circulator operating in a weak magnetic field below ferromagnetic resonance is derived by analyzing the equivalent circuit. The operating theory of the circulator has been confirmed by using the perturbation theory. The usable isolation band could be expanded to 1.71GHz to 2.17GHz, which is a very small sized 1.2 × 1.0 × H0.5 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> such as 1/25 compared with the conventional one, Core-Circulator is realized. The developed circulator keeps characteristics as the insertion loss of 1.1dB maximum and the TX-RX isolation of 21dB minimum which have achieved the requirements of the tunable RF front-end.
Experimental investigations of the scanning functions of galvanometer-based scanners with applications in OCT (2011)

We analyze the three most common profiles of scanning functions for galvanometer-based scanners (GSs): the sawtooth, triangular and sinusoidal functions. They are determined experimentally with regard to the scan parameters of the input signal (i.e., frequency and amplitude). We study the differences of the output function of the GS measured as the positional error of the oscillatory mirror from the ideal function given by the input signal of the device. The limits in achieving the different types of scanning functions in terms of duty cycle and linearity are determined experimentally for the possible range of scan parameters. Of particular importance are the preservation of an imposed duty cycle and profile for the sawtooth function, the quantification of the linearity for the sinusoidal function, and the effective duty cycle for the triangular, as well as for the other functions. The range of scan amplitudes for which the stability of the oscillatory regime of the galvo mirror is stable for different frequencies is also highlighted. While the use of the device in certain scanning regimes is studied, certain rules of thumb are deduced to make the best out of the galvoscanner. Finally, the three types of scanning functions are tested with a Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (FD OCT) setup and the conclusions of the study are demonstrated in an imaging application by correlating the determined limits of the scanning regimes with the requirements of OCT.
On-chip optical twisted bilayer photonic crystal (2023)

Recently, moiré engineering has been extensively employed for creating and studying novel electronic materials in two dimensions. However, its application in nanophotonic systems has not been widely explored so far. Here, we demonstrate that twisted bilayer photonic crystals provide a new photonic platform with twist-angle-tunable optical dispersion. Compared to twisted two-dimensional materials, twisted bilayer photonic crystals host a rich set of physics and provide a much larger number of degrees of freedom choice of material, lattice symmetry, feature size, twist angle, and interlayer gap, which promises an unprecedented toolbox for tailoring optical properties. We directly visualize the dispersion throughout the optical frequency range and show that the measured optical response is in good quantitative agreement with numerical and analytical results. Our results reveal a highly tunable band structure of twisted bilayer photonic crystals due to moiré scattering. This work opens the door to exploring unconventional physics and novel applications in photonics.
Modelling of Dynamic Response of WO3 Gas Sensors under CO (2015)

We propose a model for gas sensors dynamic response which puts emphasis on conduction properties of n-type semiconductors. This model gives a physico-chemical description of gas detection mechanisms, by focusing on the extrinsic behavior of the sensor in the presence of reducing gas. Theoretical modeling of the sensor resistance in respect to experimental results was done to optimize sensor performances and also to better understand the gas detection mechanisms. This model especially applies in the case of exposure to low gas concentrations.
Ultrawideband Dipole Arrays (2015)

This chapter contains sections titled: 3.1 Introduction, 3.2 Ultrawideband Dipole Array Concept, 3.3 Ultrawideband Dipole Compared to Thin Dipole: Free Space, 3.4 Ultrawideband Dipole Embedded in Seven-Element Array, 3.5 Ultrawideband Dipole over Perfect Conducting Ground Plane, 3.6 Ultrawideband Dipole with Feed Point Close to Ground Plane, 3.7 Infinite Array of Ultrawideband Dipoles over Ground Plane, 3.8 Ultrawideband Dipole Array Prototype Design, Fabrication, and Test, 3.9 Summary, References
Sorption of CO2, C2H4, N2O and their binary mixtures in poly(methyl methacrylate) (1986)

Abstract Sorption of carbon dioxide, ethylene, and nitrous oxide in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) at 35°C has been characterized for each gas as a pure component and for mixtures of carbon dioxide/ethylene and carbon dioxide/nitrous oxide. Pressures up to 20 atm were examined. Pure‐component sorption isotherms are concave to the pressure axis for each of the gases. This behavior is accurately described by the dual‐mode sorption model. Using only the purecomponent dual‐mode parameters and the generalization of the model for gas mixtures, one can predict the total concentration of gas sorbed in the polymer to within an average deviation of ±2.01% for the CO 2 /C 2 H 4 /PMMA system and ±0.98% for the CO 2 /N 2 O/PMMA system. In both systems, for each component of the mixture, sorption levels were lower than corresponding pure‐component sorption levels at pressures equal to the partial pressure of the respective components in the mixture. Depression of the sorbed concentration in mixture situations appears to be a general feature of the above systems and can be substantial in some situations. For the CO 2 /C 2 H 4 /PMMA system, use of pure‐component sorption data to estimate the total sorbed concentration in the mixture would be in error by as much as 40% if one failed to account for competition phenomena responsible for depression in mixed‐gas situations. Mixture pressures as high as 20 atm were studied for both systems and in the CO 2 /N 2 O/PMMA system sorbed concentrations reach 33.90 [cm 3 (STP)/cm 3 polymer] without any significant deviation from model predictions.
Nonlinear absorption in charge-transfer films (1995)

Nonlinear optical absorption in solid films of poly(3-octyl thiophene) (P3OT) sensitized with methanofullerene was investigated for wavelengths from 620 to 960 nm. The nonlinear absorption is enhanced over that in either of the component materials by more than two orders of magnitude at 760 nm. The large nonlinearity results from efficient photoinduced intermolecular charge transfer from P3OT to methanofullerene, followed by absorption in the charge separated excited state. P3OT/fullerene films are promising as optical limiters; the transmission clamps at an average fluence of approximately 0.1 J/cm<SUP>2</SUP>.
Adjustable dielectric using magnetically aligned conductive particles for microwave applications (2010)

In this work, we propose a novel approach to adjust a dielectric constant using a magnetically aligned anisotropic conductive epoxy for microwave systems. The purpose of this approach is to produce large adjustability of dielectric constants by controlling the orientation of conductive particles using a magnetic technique in a viscous medium. In the experiment, we demonstrated that the dielectric constant of the material was adjusted from 4.7 to 10.8 and the Q ranges from 34 to 182 at 300 MHz depending on the intensity of a magnetic field. Due to the simplicity of this material, this technique for adjusting dielectric constant is expected to be able to be used to implement the high-Q capacitor for integrated microwave systems.
Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Capsid Stability and Liposome Remodeling During Endo/Lysosomal pH Trafficking (2020)

Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are small, non-pathogenic ssDNA viruses being used as therapeutic gene delivery vectors for the treatment of a variety of monogenic diseases. An obstacle to successful gene delivery is inefficient capsid trafficking through the endo/lysosomal pathway. This study aimed to characterize the AAV capsid stability and dynamics associated with this process for a select number of AAV serotypes, AAV1, AAV2, AAV5, and AAV8, at pHs representative of the early and late endosome, and the lysosome (6.0, 5.5, and 4.0, respectively). All AAV serotypes displayed thermal melt temperatures that varied with pH. The stability of AAV1, AAV2, and AAV8 increased in response to acidic conditions and then decreased at pH 4.0. In contrast, AAV5 demonstrated a consistent decrease in thermostability in response to acidification. Negative-stain EM visualization of liposomes in the presence of capsids at pH 5.5 or when heat shocked showed induced remodeling consistent with the externalization of the PLA<sub>2</sub> domain of VP1u. These observations provide clues to the AAV capsid dynamics that facilitate successful infection. Finally, transduction assays revealed a pH and temperature dependence with low acidity and temperatures > 4 °C as detrimental factors.
Inversion layer carrier concentration and mobility in 4H–SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (2010)

Free electron concentration and carrier mobility measurements on 4H–SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor inversion layers are reported in this article. The key finding is that in state-of-the-art nitrided gate oxides, loss of carriers by trapping no longer plays a significant role in the current degradation under heavy inversion conditions. Rather, it is the low carrier mobility (maximum∼60 cm2 V−1 s−1) that limits the channel current. The measured free carrier concentration is modeled using the charge-sheet model and the mobility is modeled by existing mobility models. Possible mobility mechanisms have been discussed based on the modeling results.
An Elastic-plastic Damage Model for Long-fiber Thermoplastics (2009)

This article proposes an elastic-plastic damage model that combines micromechanical modeling with continuum damage mechanics to predict the stress— strain response of injection-molded long-fiber thermoplastics. The model accounts for distributions of orientation and length of elastic fibers embedded in a thermoplastic matrix whose behavior is elastic-plastic and damageable. The elastic-plastic damage behavior of the matrix is described by the modified Ramberg—Osgood relation and the 3D damage model in deformation assuming isotropic hardening. Fiber/matrix debonding is accounted for using a parameter that governs the fiber/matrix interface compliance. A linear relationship between this parameter and the matrix damage variable is assumed. First, the elastic-plastic damage behavior of the reference aligned fiber composite containing the same fiber volume fraction and length distribution as the actual composite is computed using an incremental Eshelby—Mori—Tanaka mean field approach. The incremental response of the latter is then obtained from the solution for the aligned-fiber composite by averaging over all fiber orientations. The model is validated against the experimental stress—strain results obtained for long-glass-fiber/polypropylene specimens.
Measurement of the differential cross-sections of prompt and non-prompt production of $$J/\psi $$ J / ψ and $$\psi (2\mathrm {S})$$ ψ ( 2 S ) in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 7$$ s = 7 and 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector (2016)

The production rates of prompt and non-prompt [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] mesons in their dimuon decay modes are measured using 2.1 and 11.4 fb[Formula: see text] of data collected with the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, in proton-proton collisions at [Formula: see text] and 8 respectively. Production cross-sections for prompt as well as non-prompt sources, ratios of [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] production, and the fractions of non-prompt production for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are measured as a function of meson transverse momentum and rapidity. The measurements are compared to theoretical predictions.
SLP-2 deficiency in T cells is associated with decreased respiratory complex I levels and impaired TCR-dependent responses (109.27) (2011)

Abstract We have previously reported that stomatin-like protein 2 (SLP-2) regulates human T cell activation through the antigen receptor. In human lymphoid tissues, SLP-2 is widely expressed in the thymus, lymph nodes and tonsils, and its expression is further up-regulated in response to lymphocyte activation. In T cells, SLP-2 is found in two pools: the most abundant is associated with mitochondria while a smaller pool is associated with the plasma membrane. To further investigate the role of SLP-2, we generated T cell-specific SLP-2 deficient mice. These mice had normal numbers of thymocytes and mature T cells. However, SLP-2 deficient T cells showed significantly less T cell activation in response to T cell stimulation in vivo and in vitro. Although SLP-2 deficient T cells did not show significant alterations in mitochondrial biogenesis, they had decreased levels of the NDUSF3, NDUFB8 and NDUFA9 subunits of complex I of the respiratory chain, suggesting a possible role for SLP-2 in regulating the stability of proteins involved in mitochondrial electron transport. SLP-2 deficient T cells also had less cardiolipin within detergent-insoluble microdomains, which may be required for proper respiratory chain assembly and function. Based on these results, we conclude that SLP-2 contributes to T cell activation, in part by regulating stability of complex I of the respiratory chain and sustaining the metabolic requirements for T cell activation.
A Rapid and Sensitive Heterogeneous Immunoelectrochemical Assay Using Disposable Electrodes (1992)

In this novel enzyme-tagged immuoelectrochemical assay, disposable carbon felt discs serve both as electrodes and as the heterogeneous solid phase. Antibodies are immobilized on the carbon felt via a diaminoalkane-biotin-avidin-biotin bridge. Alkaline phosphatase is used as a label. Bound antibodies are monitored by following the electro-oxidation of aminophenol, produced enzymatically from p-amino-phenyl phosphate by the immobilized alkaline phosphatase at the electrode surface. A model system designed for determination of mouse IgG concentration yielded a calibration curve ranging from 10 pg/ml to 100 micrograms/ml. This assay can be performed rapidly and a single determination completed within 20 minutes. The system is useful also for rapid quantitation of a small number (approximately 80 organisms per ml) of bacteria.
Cross-layer simulations of fast packet protection mechanisms (2009)

Abstract Time-dependent inter-packet and intra-packet BER variations are implemented in the ns-2 network simulator to evaluate fast packet protection based on physical-layer monitoring through pre-FEC BER read-out.
The fabrication and thermomechanical processing of Ag/Bi-2223 jelly-roll wires (1994)

For this feasibility study, silver/superconductor jelly-roll samples with a superconductor composition of Bi1.8Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox (2223), were fabricated via a thick-film processing technique. It was found that the densification and alignment of 2223 grains along the Ag layers was crucial to achieving high critical current densities (Jc). The effects of cyclic mechanical working and heat treatment were investigated to develop a scheme to maximize Jc. The highest zero-field J0 value of 2650 A cm-2 (Ic=43 A) was obtained in a jelly roll heat treated at 815 degrees C, where the majority of the mechanical deformation was performed prior to the first heat treatment. Magnetic-field-dependence measurements made in a 50 G field showed a 23% reduction in Jc when the field was applied parallel to the current flow, and a 30% reduction when the field was applied perpendicular to the current flow. This was superior to the best comparable powder-in-tube samples.
Human monocyte-derived soluble product(s) has an accessory function in the generation of histamine- and concanavalin A-induced suppressor T cells. (1982)

We have analyzed the cellular interactions required for the generation of histamine- and concanavalin A (Con A)-induced suppressor T cells by employing a co-culture assay and techniques for fractionation of human blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). PBMC cultured in the presence of histamine (0.1 mM-1 mM) or Con A (20 micrograms/ml) for 24 h, mitomycin treated and subsequently combined with autologous mitogen-stimulated mononuclear cells, significantly suppressed a subsequent blastogenic response. PBMC fractionated over nylon wool columns and depleted of adherent cells and enriched for T cells (NWNA-T) were unable to generate suppressor activity. However, suppressor cell function by NWNA-T cells was reconstituted by the addition of autologous monocytes. In both the histamine and ConA suppressor systems, the requirement for monocytes in the activation process was enhanced by suspending the NWNA-T population in supernatants derived from allogeneic monocytes stimulated with heat-killed Staphylococcus albus. These crude supernatants contained leukocytic pyrogen (LP) and lymphocyte activating factor (LAF). Sequential purification and separation of the crude supernatants using gel-filtration, immunoadsorption, and isoelectric focusing demonstrated that only those fractions containing LP and LAF were capable to reconstituting NWNA-T cell histamine and Con A-induced suppressor activity. Thus, these studies suggest that the accessory role of supernatants derived from activated monocytes in the generation of suppressor cells may be mediated by LP/LAF. Further studies are in progress to explore the mechanism by which soluble factors stimulate suppressor T cells.