gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, assembly and secretion of gamma-globulin by mouse myeloma cells. V. Balanced and unbalanced synthesis of heavy and light chains by IgG-producing tumors and cell lines. (1973)

Normal lymphoid cells obtained from hyperimmunized BALB/c mice and cells from most but not all IgG-producing mouse myeloma tumors and cell lines synthesized more light (L) than heavy (H) chains. While most myeloma tumors secreted their excess L chains, two tumors, MOPC 21 and MOPC 173, degraded the excess L chains and did not secrete them. A third group of tumors produced the same number of H and L chains. In the case of the MPC-11 tumor, excess L chains were synthesized by cloned tumors and cell lines.
P3434Galectin-3 identifies healthy subjects at risk of developing (pre-)diastolic dysfunction (2019)

Abstract Background/Introduction Biomarkers might be useful to identify healthy subjects who are at risk of developing diastolic dysfunction. Cardiac remodeling, in particular fibrosis, is a hallmark of diastolic dysfunction. Previous (pre)clinical studies have linked galectin-3 to fibrogenesis. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether galectin-3 would be able to identify apparently healthy individuals who are at risk of developing pre-clinical diastolic dysfunction. Purpose To study whether galectin-3 is able to identify healthy subjects who are at risk of developing pre-clinical diastolic dysfunction over time. Methods We measured both galectin-3 and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in 1.500 participants of the population study LifeLines. Based upon the biomarker profile, we selected 88 subjects with elevated galectin-3 (&gt;14.3 ng/mL; n=42) and with low galectin-3 (&lt;9.8 ng/mL; n=46) values, while all participants demonstrated low BNP. We matched these groups so other confounding variables like age, sex, kidney function (creatinine), body weight (BMI) and blood pressure were comparable between both groups. After approximately five years follow up, we invited those 88 participants to determine the level of diastolic dysfunction using echocardiography. Statistical analyses were performed in IBM SPSS Statistics 25 and StataMP 13. Results We included 88 participants at a median age of 50 years (standard deviation ± 11 years) in this case-control study. Besides the galectin-3 levels, all other variables were adequately matched and fully comparable between both groups. Obviously, galectin-3 levels (median, IQR) were markedly different between the groups (galectin-3 levels 7.35 ng/L (6.9 - 8.6) vs 16.4 ng/L (15.1- 17.8), P&lt;0.001). Subjects with elevated galectin-3 demonstrated signs of structural cardiac remodeling: enlarged left atrial diameter (35.3 mm vs. 37.3 mm P=0.034), and larger diastolic interventricular septum thickness (IVS) (9.4 mm vs. 10.1 mm P=0.038), and a smaller left ventricular end-diastolic internal dimension index (LVIDd Index) (2.3 cm/m2 vs. 2.2 cm/m2 P=0.026), a smaller left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV) (98.9 mL vs. 89.9 mL P=0.025). In addition, they exhibited several indicators of worse diastolic function, such as a higher E/e' ratio (5.2 vs. 5.9, P=0.046), while there was no significant difference in the left ventricular ejection fraction (60.8% vs. 59.9%, P=0.110). Conclusion Elevated galectin-3, when fully matched for confounding factors, is associated with the development of preclinical-diastolic dysfunction before onset of clinical symptoms. Our data suggest that substantial elevations of galectin-3 in apparently healthy subjects hint towards preclinical cardiac dysfunction. Acknowledgement/Funding Dutch Heart Foundation 2015T034; NWO VIDI, grant 917.13.350; ERC CoG 818715, SECRETE-HF
Embryonic Stem Cell Growth Factors Regulate eIF2α Phosphorylation (2015)

Growth factors and transcription factors are well known to regulate pluripotent stem cells, but less is known about translational control in stem cells. Here, we use embryonic stem cells (ESCs) to investigate a connection between ESC growth factors and eIF2α-mediated translational control (eIF2α phosphorylation promotes protein expression from mRNAs with upstream open-reading frames, or uORFs). We find abundant phosphorylated P-eIF2α (P-eIF2α) in both pluripotent mouse and human ESCs, but little P-eIF2α in ESCs triggered to differentiate. We show that the growth factors LIF (leukemia inhibitory factor) and BMP4 (bone morphogenic protein 4) both maintain P-eIF2α in mESCs, but use distinct mechanisms: LIF inhibits an eIF2α phosphatase whereas BMP4 activates an eIF2α kinase. The mRNAs encoding the pluripotency factors Nanog and c-Myc possess uORFs while Oct4 mRNA does not. We find that salubrinal, a chemical that increases eIF2α phosphorylation, promotes Nanog and c-Myc expression, but not Oct4 expression. These experiments connect ESC growth factors to eIF2α phosphorylation and suggest a chemical substitute for LIF to enhance Nanog and c-Myc expression.
Non-orthogonal FQAM for multiple access in the uplink of 5G wireless networks (2016)

5G wireless networks have received a lot of attention recently where different key performance indicators (KPIs) are addressed. Two of the major KPIs are the data throughput and the number of supported users. These KPIs are taken into account in the design of modulation and coding techniques. One of the most promising techniques for interference limited scenarios is frequency quadrature amplitude modulation (FQAM). FQAM improves user throughputs at cell-edge where interference is the limiting factor by using only some of the available frequency subcarriers. However, FQAM was mostly studied in downlink settings. Furthermore, FQAM is an orthogonal multiple access scheme that limits the number of users that can access the frequency resources, where each resource can be used by one user only. In this paper, we propose a new multiple access technique for the uplink of future 5G systems that is based on FQAM but relaxes the constraint of user orthogonality. More than one user can independently access the same set of frequency resources. Since the technique is proposed in the uplink where the computational complexity at the base station is not a major hurdle, we also propose to use iterative multiuser detection and decoding in order to improve the performance and better separate the overlapping users. Simulation results show that this technique significantly increases the number of supported users as well as the total system throughput compared with orthogonal transmission techniques.
Bidirectional Barbed Suture: An Evaluation of Safety and Clinical Outcomes (2010)

The use of bidirectional barbed suture appears to be safe for closing the vaginal cuff in a TLH and for closing the hysterotomy site during a laparoscopic myomectomy.
Insecticidal properties of benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid derivatives (1998)

A series of amides and esters of substituted benzo[b]furan-2-carboxylic acids have been synthesised, and their activity against adult sweet potato weevils, Cylas formicarius elegantulus (Summer) studied. The topical insecticidal potency of these compounds was compared in acetone solution and in a mixture of piperonyl butoxide (PB) and acetone (0·05+99·95 by volume). The compounds were much more active when administered in the acetone/PB mixture, and exhibited 48-h LD50 values ranging from 1·7 to 26·6 μg per insect. The most active compound, 2-(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-ylcarbonyl)-6-methoxy-3-methylbenzofuran, was equiactive with technical grade dimethoate (in acetone/PB) on a weight basis. © 1998 SCI
Toward Intelligent Molecular Machines: Directed Motions of Biological and Artificial Molecules and Assemblies (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structure of Zeolite ZSM‐5: A Raman Spectroscopic Study. (1987)

Abstract The zeolite ZSM‐5 is usually synthesized in the presence of tetrapropylammonium ion, therefore, monitoring the vibrations of Pr 4 N + is used to examine the Raman spectra of the solution and solid phases present during various stages of ZSM‐5 synthesis.
Axon fasciculation and differences in midline kinetics between pioneer and follower axons within commissural fascicles (2003)

Early neuronal scaffold development studies suggest that initial neurons and their axons serve as guides for later neurons and their processes. Although this arrangement might aid axon navigation, the specific consequence(s) of such interactions are unknown in vivo. We follow forebrain commissure formation in living zebrafish embryos using timelapse fluorescence microscopy to examine quantitatively commissural axon kinetics at the midline: a place where axon interactions might be important. Although it is commonly accepted that commissural axons slow down at the midline, our data show this is only true for leader axons. Follower axons do not show this behavior. However, when the leading axon is ablated, follower axons change their midline kinetics and behave as leaders. Similarly, contralateral leader axons change their midline kinetics when they grow along the opposite leading axon across the midline. These data suggest a simple model where the level of growth cone exposure to midline cues and presence of other axons as a substrate shape the midline kinetics of commissural axons.
Production of interleukin-8 by human dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes in response to interleukin-1 or tumour necrosis factor. (1989)

Cultured normal human fibroblasts were stimulated to produce neutrophil-activating protein/interleukin-8 (IL-8) in response to IL-1 alpha (0.1-1000 U/ml) or tumour necrosis factor (TNF) alpha (0.1-1000 U/ml). Induction of mRNA for IL-8 in fibroblasts was rapid (within 30 min) and maximal responses were obtained with either 100 U/ml IL-1 alpha or 100 U/ml TNF alpha. Expression of mRNA for IL-8 was accompanied by the production of high levels of neutrophil chemotactic activity. IL-1 alpha (1000 U/ml), but not TNF alpha, induced mRNA for IL-8 in cultured normal human keratinocytes. The relevance of production of IL-8 by these cell types was evaluated further by comparing the local inflammatory effects of IL-1 alpha, TNF alpha and IL-8. Intradermal injection of either recombinant IL-8, IL-1 alpha or TNF alpha lead to a similar in vivo effect, i.e. dose-dependent accumulation of lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear leucocytes at sites of injection. The in vivo attraction of neutrophils and lymphocytes to the site of injection by TNF or IL-1 (which is not chemotactic for neutrophils or lymphocytes in vitro), may be partly mediated by locally produced IL-8. Thus, IL-8 may be a vital participant in the cascade of interacting cytokines that is induced by tissue injury and immunologically induced inflammation.
Toward an Injectable Continuous Osmotic Glucose Sensor (2010)

Current studies have demonstrated the design, layout, and performance of a prototype osmotic sensor in vitro using an affinity assay solution for up to four weeks. The small physical size conforms to an injectable device, forming the basis of a conceptual monitor that offers a tight glycemic control of BG.
Linear Pharmacokinetics of Micafungin and Its Active Metabolites in Japanese Pediatric Patients with Fungal Infections (2006)

The objective of this study was to propose the appropriate dosage regimen of micafungin for pediatric use, considering the effects of dose-linearity, age and other cofactors on the pharmacokinetics. Pharmacokinetic analysis of micafungin and its active metabolites (M1 and M2) after intravenous infusion at doses of 1 to 3 mg/kg was conducted for 19 Japanese pediatric patients (3 infants, 7 toddlers, and 9 pupils) with deep mycosis caused by either Aspergillus or Candida species. One patient was given the maximum dose of 6 mg/kg. The Cmax of micafungin increased in proportion to the dose. The mean values (S.D.) were 5.03 (2.33), 10.25 (4.45), 14.8 (5.52) and 21.1 microg/ml at 1, 2 , 3 and 6 mg/kg, respectively. These parameters were comparable to those seen in adults when the parameter was normalized by body weight. The elimination half life (t1/2) of micafungin over the dose range was apparently constant with the value of 13.1 h. There was no difference between the age groups observed. In fact, the metabolite concentrations were almost the same as those obtained for non-pediatric patients. Thus, micafungin showed the same dose-proportional pharmacokinetics in pediatric patients as it did in adults. No age dependent pharmacokinetics were observed in this study. It was concluded that the body weight adjustment was adequate for the treatment of micafungin in pediatric patients.
Random Mutagenesis of Presenilin-1 Identifies Novel Mutants Exclusively Generating Long Amyloid β-Peptides (2005)

Familial Alzheimer disease-causing mutations in the presenilins increase production of longer pathogenic amyloid beta-peptides (A beta(42/43)) by altering gamma-secretase activity. The mechanism underlying this effect remains unknown, although it has been proposed that heteromeric macromolecular complexes containing presenilins mediate gamma-secretase cleavage of the amyloid beta-precursor protein. Using a random mutagenesis screen of presenilin-1 (PS1) for PS1 endoproteolysis-impairing mutations, we identified five unique mutants, including R278I-PS1 and L435H-PS1, that exclusively generated a high level of A beta43, but did not support physiological PS1 endoproteolysis or A beta40 generation. These mutants did not measurably alter the molecular size or subcellular localization of PS1 complexes. Pharmacological studies indicated that the up-regulation of activity for A beta43 generation by these mutations was not further enhanced by the difluoroketone inhibitor DFK167 and was refractory to inhibition by sulindac sulfide. These results suggest that PS1 mutations can lead to a wide spectrum of changes in the activity and specificity of gamma-secretase and that the effects of PS1 mutations and gamma-secretase inhibitors on the specificity are mediated through a common mechanism.
Experimental and Computational Study of a Liquid Crystalline Dimesogen Exhibiting Nematic, Twist-Bend Nematic, Intercalated Smectic, and Soft Crystalline Mesophases (2021)

Liquid crystalline dimers and dimesogens have attracted significant attention due to their tendency to exhibit twist-bend modulated nematic (N<sub>TB</sub>) phases. While the features that give rise to N<sub>TB</sub> phase formation are now somewhat understood, a comparable structure-property relationship governing the formation of layered (smectic) phases from the N<sub>TB</sub> phase is absent. In this present work, we find that by selecting mesogenic units with differing polarities and aspect ratios and selecting an appropriately bent central spacer we obtain a material that exhibits both N<sub>TB</sub> and intercalated smectic phases. The higher temperature smectic phase is assigned as SmC<sub>A</sub> based on its optical textures and X-ray scattering patterns. A detailed study of the lower temperature smectic ''X'' phase by optical microscopy and SAXS/WAXS demonstrates this phase to be smectic, with an in-plane orthorhombic or monoclinic packing and long (>100 nm) out of plane correlation lengths. This phase, which has been observed in a handful of materials to date, is a soft-crystal phase with an anticlinic layer organisation. We suggest that mismatching the polarities, conjugation and aspect ratios of mesogenic units is a useful method for generating smectic forming dimesogens.
Abstract 2448: Inhibiting the DLL4/Notch pathway delays tumor recurrence and decreases tumorigenicity in pancreatic cancer (2011)

Abstract It is becoming increasingly evident that cancer stem cells drive tumor growth and progression and are preferentially resistant to chemotherapy. Previously, we demonstrated that interfering with the Delta-like 4 ligand (DLL4)/Notch signaling by anti-DLL4 antibodies decreased tumor growth in a pancreatic xenograft model, delayed tumor recurrence following chemotherapy, and reduced the pancreatic cancer stem cell (CSC) fraction. In this study, we evaluated the response of seven pancreatic xenograft tumors to anti-DLL4 antibodies as a single agent and when combined with gemcitabine. Utilizing an in vivo limiting dilution assay, we tested the ability of cells from previously treated xenografts to re-grow tumors after serial transplantation to quantify CSCs. We discovered that anti-DLL4 was efficacious as a single agent in all seven tumor models. In all seven models, when anti-DLL4 was combined with gemcitabine, the therapy provided significant efficacy over that of gemcitabine alone. This combination therapy resulted in tumor regression in three of these models. The antibody therapy reduced the CSC fraction, while gemcitabine treatment alone enriched for the CSC. The chemotherapy/antibody combination further reduced the CSC fraction compared to anti-DLL4 alone. To analyze the mechanism of action of inhibiting DLL4-Notch signaling in tumor cells and in the host vasculature, we tested a human specific DLL4 mAb and a murine specific DLL4 mAb as single agents. Anti-human DLL4 reduced the tumorigenicity of pancreatic tumor cells, while anti-murine DLL4 had no effect on tumor initiating cell frequency. In a tumor recurrence model, the human specific DLL4 mAb delayed tumor recurrence following the termination of gemcitabine while the murine specific DLL4 mAb decreased the growth rate of recurrent tumors. The combination of human and murine targeting DLL4 mAbs produced an additive effect in reducing tumor recurrence. These data support the rationale for targeting the DLL4/Notch pathway in pancreatic cancer and provide evidence of the therapeutic utility of targeting pathways, such as Notch, required for cancer stem cell self renewal. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2448. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2448
Studies on the ultrastructure of concanavalin a receptor sites at the surface of normal cells and cells transformed by oncogenic viruses (1973)

Abstract The distribution of receptor sites for Concanavalin A at the surface of hamster fibroblasts BHK 21/13 transformed by RNA or DNA oncogenic viruses, has been studied at the ultrastructural level by the Concanavalin‐peroxydase method, in connexion with the agglutinability of these cells. The product of the lectin‐bound peroxydase activity has the same thickness in all clones studied. In some transformed clones, the observed reaction is more irregularly distributed than in the original untransformed clone. These changes are however not always accompanied by changes of agglutinability. Moreover, such an irregular distribution has also been found in normal cells from other species. It is concluded that the surface alteration detected by the peroxydase method cannot be considered at the present time as a general transformation character.
Constructions of Neoliberal Reason – By Jamie Peck (2012)

Ideas matter. Jamie Peck’s long-term interest in neoliberalism and neoliberalization hasled him to track and make sense of their origins.As he mentions in the preface to this book,he originally did not care about neoliberalism, but in his youth he encountered the policyconsequences of Thatcherism. One can only accept the fact that Mrs Thatcher is a hero ofcritical urban research, as so many scholars have had to face, cope with, adapt to or combather regime and her ideas. Peck has written a major book to understand the story of thegroups who supported and elaborated neoliberal ideas over the course of the twentiethcentury (...).
On the Sea Tests of Destroyers in Rough Seas (1966)

Studies on the ship behaviour in waves have recently improved so much by the statistical approach, so that we might foresee some quantitative results about the ship behaviour even at the stage of initial design. Sofaras our knowledge is concerned, the data about the destroyer which are available at the initial design stage, are considered very few.In order to examine the motion of destroyer in rough seas and guess previously some motion of them, the sea tests which covering different sea states were carried out using two sister ships.The items measured are pitching and rolling angles, acceleration, heaving motion, hull girder stress, local stress on the bottom panel and slamming pressure on the bottom of forebody ; and all of these recorded data are used for statistical and spectral analyses by applying time series procedure.Theoretical calculations, on the other hand, under the cross flow hyposesis are pursued in order to obtain the response amplitude operators of pitching angle, heaving motion, bending moment and relative motion etc., then the power spectra of them are also calculated by estimating wave spectra of the experimental water areas.Comparing with both calculated and analysed results, we obtain the facts which distributions of variation in pitching angle, heaving motion and hull girder stress etc. follow to Rayleigh's law, allowing from 67% to 90% confidence limit, and slamming pressures to truncated exponential distribution ; and also from the power spectra the pitching angle, heaving motion and acceleration show good coincidences from the practcal view-point, but on the contrary bending moments some discrepancies especially at the point of maximum magnitudes.Number of occurrences of slamming impact and the distribution of slamming pressure are theoretically calculated under several assumptions about the threshold velocity and the bottom shape, and their results are compared with recorded data showing some discrepancies for number of occurrences, but for the distribution of slamming pressure good coincidences.
Automatic verification of source code transformations on array-intensive programs: demonstration with real-life examples (2008)

status: Published
Genetic relatedness among human rotaviruses (1985)

The genetic relatedness of 81 clinical rotavirus isolates to the human rotavirus prototype strains Wa (subgroup 2, serotype 1) and DS-1 (subgroup 1, serotype 2) was examined by RNA hybridization techniques. Labeled single-stranded (+) transcripts of Wa or DS-1 virus were incubated with denatured genomic rotaviral RNAs, and the resulting hybrids were subjected to gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. Nineteen of the specimens contained subgroup 1 rotavirus with a "short" RNA migration pattern. These viruses were found to be closely related to the DS-1 strain and were associated with illness of short duration. The remaining 62 isolates belonged to subgroup 2 and exhibited a "long" RNA migration pattern. Fifty-four of these isolates exhibited significant hybridization with the Wa strain probe. Four isolates yielded multiple hybrid bands with the Wa probe but also possessed at least one gene segment homologous to the DS-1 strain. The remaining four subgroup 2 rotaviruses did not exhibit significant homology in the form of labeled hybrid bands when tested with either the Wa or DS-1 probe. These findings suggest that most clinical rotavirus isolates belong to one of two human rotavirus "families" defined as Wa-like or DS-1-like. Our observations also suggest that reassortment occurs in vivo between rotaviruses belonging to the two human rotavirus "families" and that there are one or more additional families of human rotavirus.
<title>Nonlinear dynamics of neuromorphic optical system with spatio-temporal interactions</title> (1991)

The simplest spatially distributed neuromorphic dynamic system with large-scale spatio- temporal interaction is investigated. The model of the system is nonlinear optical ring cavity with field rotation around optical axis and signal time-delay in the two-dimensional feedback loop. The characteristics of rotary modes of the system are determined by the parameters of nonlocal spatio-temporal interconnections. The competition of rotary modes takes place like in neural networks of WTA type.