gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of calcite and calcite/zeolite hybrid fillers on LLDPE and PP composites (2004)

Abstract The comparative tensile and impact properties and fracture morphologies between calcite and calcite/zeolite (hybrid) filled linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE) and polypropylene (PP) composites have been studied. The incorporation of fillers into LLDPE, whether calcite or calcite/zeolite hybrid fillers, does not alter the T m of LLDPE, but slightly reduces the T m of PP. The melting peak area representing the heat of fusion of the crystal decreases with fillers; the effect of the calcite and the hybrid filler would be the same. The impact strength, Young's modulus, and yield stress of the calcite and the hybrid filled LLDPE increased, indicating a reinforcing effect of the fillers. In addition, the filled LLDPE decreases in elongation at break (EB) and ultimate tensile strength. However, the hybrid LLDPE composite exhibits slightly higher Young's modulus and ultimate tensile strength than the calcite one, while the same values of impact strength and yield stress were observed. In the PP system, the Young's modulus is enhanced, whereas the rest of the mechanical properties were reduced. From SEM photomicrographs of the hybrid filled composites, the tensile fractured surface of LLDPE dumbbell bar exhibits tearing surfaces while the composite shows formation of air holes and cracks in the LLDPE and PP system, respectively. Because of improved Young's modulus, yield strength, impact strength, and morphological observation along with substantial extension, the filled LLDPE composite with calcite/zeolite hybrid fillers is worth using for micro‐porous film applications. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 23: 230–238, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/adv.20013
A Distributed Method of Inter-Cell Interference Coordination (ICIC) Based on Dual Decomposition for Interference-Limited Cellular Networks (2013)

In this paper we present a novel distributed Inter-Cell Interference Coordination (ICIC) scheme for interference-limited heterogeneous cellular networks (HetNet). We reformulate our problem in such a way that it can be decomposed into a number of small sub-problems, which can be solved independently through an iterative subgradient method. The proposed dual decomposition method can also address problems with binary-valued variables. The proposed algorithm is compared with some reference schemes in terms of cell-edge and total cell throughput.
Decoding of Reed–Solomon Codes (2006)

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Synthesis and Evaluation of Anti-HIV-1 and Antitumor Activity of 2′,3′-didehydro-2′,3′-dideoxy-3-deazaadenosine, 2′,3′-dideoxy-3-Deazaadenosine and Some 2′,3′-dideoxy-3-deaza-adenosine 5′-dialkyl Phosphates1 (1991)

Abstract - The 4-amino-1-(2.3-dideoxy-β-D-glycero-pent-2-enofurano-syl)-1H-irnidazo[4,5-c]pyridine (1) and 4-amino-1-(2,3-dideoxy-β-D-gfycero-pentofuranosyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine (2), 3-deaza analogues of the anti-HIV agents 2′.3′-didehydro-2′,3′-dideoxyadenosine (d4A) and 2′,3′-dideoxy-adenosine (ddA), have been synthesized. The reaction of 3-deazaadenosine (3) with 2-acetoxyisobutyryl bromide yielded a mixture of cis and trans 2′,3′-ha-lo acetates which was convertcd into olefinic nucleoside (1) on treatment with a Zn/Cu couplc and then with methanolic ammonia. The 2′,3′-dideoxy-3-deazaadenosine (2) was obtained by catalytic reduction of 1. A number of phosphate triester derivatives of 2 have also been prepared. The diethyl-, dipropyl- and dibutylpliospliates 7a-c and 3-deazaadenosine have shown anti-HIV activity at non-cytotoxic doses. Compounds 7a-c have also shown significant cytostatic activity against murine colon adenocarcinoma cells.
Specification and Judging of High-Speed Rotating Machinery With AMB—A Practical Guideline for OEMs, EPC, and End Users (2013)

This paper is focused on practical questions arising when purchasing or specifying high-speed rotating machines with active magnetic bearings (AMBs). It may be used as a guideline for end users, engineering/procurement/construction (EPC) companies, and original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) in their engineering and purchase departments. This paper explains and discusses the most important characteristics of AMB systems as well as the necessary documents of the vendor to prove feasibility of the AMB application. The authors' intention is to bring the AMB technology down from the highly technical discussion among specialists to the level of general understanding for every engineer or person with technical background.
Experimental Forms of Allergen Immunotherapy with Modified Allergens and Adjuvants (2008)

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) is an effective form of treatment for allergic diseases caused by inhalant allergens (e.g., pollen, mites, animal dander) and insect venom. Despite being initially described at the turn of the 20th century, SIT remains the only “curative” approach to atopic allergic disease. In addition to the ability to modulate existing disease, SIT is capable of modifying the natural course by preventing the worsening of symptoms (from rhinitis to asthma) and sensitization against new allergens (1,2). The treatment consists of administering increasing doses of natural allergen preparations on a regular basis, and the beneficial effects for the patient depend on the amount of allergen used. Typically, between 5 and 20 mg of the major allergen is required in each monthly maintenance injection to achieve optimal clinical efficacy. Because treatment involves injecting allergens into a sensitized individual, the occurrence of typical allergic symptoms, both local and systemic reactions, is not unexpected, with risks increasing with the concentration of allergen administered per treatment. Several immunological pathways seem to be involved in the clinical improvement achieved by the common SIT schedules (3,4). These mechanisms include (i) increase in allergen-specific IgG antibodies, in particular IgG4, which is believed to exert its effect by neutralizing allergen and blocking IgE-facilitated allergen presentation to T cells (5); (ii) generation of IgE modulating CD8þ T cells (6); (iii) reduction in the number of mast cells and eosinophils and the release of mediators by these cells (7,8); and (iv) modulation of allergen-specific T cells by shifting the response from a Th2 to Th1 cytokine pattern. The latter results in a decrease of IL-4 and IL-5 production accompanied by an increase of IFN-g (immune deviation) (9,10). Moreover, the induction of an anergic state in peripheral T cells (immunologic tolerance) has been reported. Tolerance may be mediated by IL-10 and has been characterized by suppressed proliferative and cytokine responses against major allergens (11).
A wind sensor with an integrated low-offset instrumentation amplifier (2002)

A wind sensor with on-chip interface electronics has been implemented in a standard CMOS process. The sensor consists of a heated chip that is cooled non-uniformly by the wind. The resulting temperature gradient is measured by on-chip thermopiles, and from this information both wind speed and direction are determined. An on-chip chopper amplifier boosts the thermopile signals before they are transported off-chip. When chopped at 1 kHz the input offset of this amplifier is less than 20 /spl mu/V. Thermal crosstalk between the on-chip circuitry and the sensor is negligible, since the power dissipated by the on-chip circuitry (1.5 mW) is much less than that used to heat the sensor (600 mW).
Depth/Disparity Creation for Trifocal Hybrid 3D System (2013)

Fraunhofer HHI has developed a software solution to create depth and disparity maps from a Tri-Focal Rig. Computational cinematagrophy techniques can be used to determine the depth of the items in the shot by mathematically comparing the differences in the images captured from each of the motion picture cameras after the initial photography is completed. By creating a 3D geometry of the scene and then projecting the images onto that 3D geometry a Stereoscopic movie can be created after principal photography has been completed. The software adapts disparity estimation algorithms to the specific needs of the multi-camera system. This includes in particular dedicated post-processing filters.
ANALYSIS OF PROTEINS UNDERGOING AXONAL TRANSPORT IN NIGRO‐STRIATAL NEURONS IN THE RAT (1974)

Abstract— An analysis of proteins undergoing axonal transport in nigro‐striatal neurons, after the stereotaxic injection of [ 3 H]leucine into the substantia nigra of rat brain was performed. As early as 6 h after the injection [ 3 H]proteins appeared in the caudate‐putamen. The maximum accumulation was at 5 days and there was still residual protein radioactivity present at 30 days. About 70 per cent of the total radioactive protein in the caudate‐putamen was solubilized by homogenization in 0–5%, (v/v) Triton X‐100 and remained in the supernatant on centrifuging for 1 h at 100,000 g. The supernatant fraction, when chroma‐tographed on a DEAE‐cellulose column, was resolved into four protein peaks (A, B. C and D) which were found to be labelled differently as a function of time after the injection of [ 3 H]leucine. Peak A was substantially labelled in a first phase (6–24 h) and reached its maximum in a second phase (5 days). The proteins comprising this peak appeared to undergo both fast and slow axonal transport. Although some labelling in peak B was evident at 6 h, maximal activity did not occur until 5 days. No radioactivity could be detected in peaks C and D at 6 h. Maximal labelling of these two peaks also occurred at 5 days. These data suggest that the proteins of peaks B, C and D were transported primarily by slow axoplasmic flow. The radioactive protein peaks A and B from the second phase of the transport were excluded from a Sephadex G‐200 column, pointing to their high molecular weights (13,000–200,000). Peak B. which had the highest specific radioactivity (c.p.m./mg protein) at 5 days, contained a significant level of tyrosine hydroxylase, an important component of dopaminergic neurons.
NMR Lanthanoid-probe Analyses of Conformational Properties of 8,2′-S-Cycloadenosine 3′-Monophosphate in Aqueous Solution (1983)

Abstract The advanced method of NMR lanthanoid-probe analyses was used for studying the molecular conformations of 8,2′-anhydro-8-thio-9-β-d-arabinofuranosyladenine (8,2′-S-cycloadenosine) 3′-monophosphate in aqueous solution. From the observed ratios of Pr(III)-induced shifts, Gd(III)-enhanced relaxation rates as well as vicinal spin-coupling constants, the most probable values (and standard deviations) of the fractional populations of the local conformations for the C5′–C4′ bond, sugar ring, C3′–O3′ bond, and O3′–P bond and the internal rotation angles of the two forms about the C3′–O3′ bond were determined by the program COFLEM. The internal rotation equilibrium about the C3′-O3′ bond was found to be interrelated with the puckering of the sugar ring. The advanced lanthanoid probe method is thus useful for the analyses of the conformational characteristics of cyclonucleotides as well as of unmodified nucleotides in aqueous solution.
The Neuro-Protective Effects of the TSPO Ligands CB86 and CB204 on 6-OHDA-Induced PC12 Cell Death as an In Vitro Model for Parkinson’s Disease (2021)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder which is characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra (SN). Oxidative stress or reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was suggested to play a role in this specific type of neurodegeneration. Therapeutic options which can target and counteract ROS generation may be of benefit. TSPO ligands are known to counteract with neuro-inflammation, ROS generation, apoptosis, and necrosis. In the current study, we investigated an in vitro cellular PD model by the assessment of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA, 80 µM)-induced PC12 neurotoxicity. Simultaneously to the exposure of the cells to 6-OHDA, we added the TSPO ligands CB86 and CB204 (25 µM each) and assessed the impact on several markers of cell death. The two ligands normalized significantly (57% and 52% respectively, from 44%; whereas the control was 68%) cell proliferation at different time points from 0-24 h. Additionally, we evaluated the effect of these two TSPO ligands on necrosis using propidium iodide (PI) staining and found that the ligands inhibited significantly the 6-OHDA-induced necrosis. As compared to control, the red count was increased up to 57-fold whereas CB86 and CB204 inhibited to 2.7-fold and 3.2-fold respectively. Necrosis was also analyzed by LDH assay which showed significant effect. Both assays demonstrated similar potent anti-necrotic effect of the two TSPO ligands. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation induced by 6-OHDA was also inhibited by the two TSPO ligand up to 1.3 and 1.5-fold respectively, as compared to 6-OHDA group. CB86 and CB204 inhibited also normalized the cell viability up to 1.8-fold after the exposure to 6-OHDA, as assessed by XTT assay. The two TSPO ligands also inhibited apoptosis significantly (1.3-fold for both) as assessed by apopxin green staining. In summary, it appears that the two TSPO ligands CB86 and CB204 can suppress cell death of PC12 induced by 6-OHDA. The results may be relevant to the use of these two TSPO ligands as therapeutic option neurodegenerative diseases like PD.
Assessment of surface rendering with 1 DoF vibration (2021)

This paper describes the creation and testing of a prototype device for rendering texture, using a touch-sensitive surface consisting of a linear soft potentiometer (LSP) attached to a 3D-printed platform and mounted on the cone of a 5-inch loudspeaker. Displacement of the cone is determined by finger position along the LSP. The roughness quality of rendered textures was evaluated psychophysically: A magnitude-estimation task measured how changes in the amplitude and spatial frequency of the rendered texture translated into perceptual change. A just-noticeable difference (JND) task measured the threshold for detection of change in amplitude or frequency, proportional to a base value. Magnitude estimation demonstrated sensitivity to both variables across the physical scales presented, but with stronger effects for amplitude: A doubling of frequency led to an approximate doubling of reported magnitude, whereas a 60% increase in amplitude led to an 86% increase in magnitude. The amplitude thresholds averaged 24%, whereas the frequency thresholds were substantially higher, averaging 64% but with substantial inter-participant variability. We conclude that the device has promise for conveying a broad range of vibratory effects and hence may simulate textural variations, but additional research is necessary to further its capabilities for differentiating vibrations close in frequency.
Fragmentation of Multidimensional Databases. (1999)

. As diverse demands are placed on On-Line Analytical Processing (OLAP) systems, distribution of the supporting multidimensional database (MDDB), and thus fragmentation, become an issue. We consider a recent multidimensional data model, and show that two basic strategies of fragmentation are possible: slice &amp;apos;n dice and sever. The operators that realise these methods are composed from the basic set given in the data model, and the strategies are shown to satisfy the fragmentation correctness rules. 1 Introduction Multidimensional databases (MDDB) exploit the multidimensional nature of On-Line Analytical Processing (OLAP) [Codd et al., 1993]. As the popularity of OLAP grows, an increasingly diverse group of users are making demands of the systems, possibly with conflicting goals. In order to meet the performance requirements of the systems, implementation as distributed databases will become an important consideration. Fragmentation is an important part of distributed design [ Ozsu and ...
Structural Requirements for CNS Active Opioid Glycopeptides (2015)

Glycopeptides related to β-endorphin penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) of mice to produce antinociception. Two series of glycopeptides were assessed for opioid receptor binding affinity. Attempts to alter the mu-selectivity of [D-Ala(2),N-MePhe(4),Gly-ol(5)]enkephalin (DAMGO)-related glycopeptides by altering the charged residues of the amphipathic helical address were unsuccessful. A series of pan-agonists was evaluated for antinociceptive activity (55 °C tail flick) in mice. A flexible linker was required to maintain antinociceptive activity. Circular dichroism (CD) in H2O, trifluoroethanol (TFE), and SDS micelles confirmed the importance of the amphipathic helices (11s → 11sG → 11) for antinociception. The glycosylated analogues showed only nascent helices and random coil conformations in H2O. Chemical shift indices (CSI) and nuclear Overhauser effects (NOE) with 600 MHz NMR and CD confirmed helical structures in micelles, which were rationalized by molecular dynamics calculations. Antinociceptive studies with mice confirm that these glycosylated endorphin analogues are potential drug candidates that penetrate the BBB to produce potent central effects.
A 48-860 MHz TV splitter amplifier exhibiting an IIP2 and IIP3 of 94dBmV and 73dBmV (2004)

This paper describes a 48-860 MHz TV splitter amplifier with three outputs, based on a negative feedback design. The amplifier is intended for TV, VCR and set-top box (STB) applications, where multiple tuners have to be connected to the same cable outlet. The amplifier compromises high linearity and low noise figure by controlling its gain. At a frequency of 850 MHz, the input IP2 and IP3 are 94 dBmV and 73 dBmV, respectively, for the lowest gain setting while the noise figure is 7 dB for the highest gain setting. The design is fabricated in a 0.5 /spl mu/m, 30 GHz BiCMOS technology and dissipates 130 mW from a 3.3 V supply.
Addressing Mandatory Lane Change Problem with Game Theoretic Model Predictive Control and Fuzzy Markov Chain (2018)

We develop a game theoretic model predictive controller (GTMPC) to deal with the mandatory lane change (MLC) problem for a subject vehicle (SV) in presence of multiple surrounding vehicles (SRV). The GTMPC uses game theory as a high-level controller, which regards at most three SRVs as the game theoretic candidate vehicles (GCV), with each playing a game with SV. The payoff of GCV is defined as the acceleration utility plus a convex combination of the space utility and safety utility, whose weights are associated with GCV's aggressiveness. Model predictive control (MPC) is utilized as a metric for SV's payoff in the game as well as a low-level controller that is responsible for both SV's longitudinal positioning and lane decision. GTMPC uses fuzzy Markov chain to generate the prediction of GCV's future motion, which is utilized in both defining GCV's payoffs over the prediction horizon in the game and as the reference of the MPC. Simulation showed the GTMPC was able to intelligently drive SV into the selected gap and accomplish the MLC in a dynamic situation without knowing the exact model of SRVs.
The role of radiotherapy for the treatment of tongue cancer with mandibular involvement. (1997)

舌癌下顎骨浸潤例では局所効果の高い組織内照射が困難であり, さらに腫瘍制御に高線量が必要となるため一般的には根治照射の適応とならない。下顎骨浸潤例に対する放射線療法の第一の役割は手術を補助し, 局所制御を高めることである。術前照射は切除しにくい症例の切除をしやすくする, 術後照射は顕微鏡的, 肉眼的残存腫瘍を治療する目的があり, 適切に組み合わせれば局所制御率の向上が期待される。この場合, 化学療法併用により治療成績の向上が報告されている。また, 手術不能例に対しても多分割照射法による根治放射線療法に化学療法を併用すればいままで有効な手段のなかった症例にも根治の可能性がある。どのような症例においても, 放射線の果たす役割を適切に判断し, 適切な時期に適切な治療計画にて照射を行えば放射線は有力な武器となるであろう。
High‐current AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors achieved by selective‐area growth via plasma‐assisted molecular beam epitaxy (2013)

We report on AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) for high current operation achieved by selective area growth (SAG) technique based on plasma‐assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PAMBE). Significant improvement in DC characteristics of the multiple‐gate‐finger HEMTs was demonstrated when SAG was employed. Furthermore, when group of HEMTs were interconnected, the resulted large‐periphery device, with the total gate width of 5.2 mm, exhibited a maximum current of 1.75 A and an on‐state resistance of 4.76 mΩ cm 2 , showing the efficacy of PAMBE‐SAG to fabricate GaN‐based HEMTs for high‐power applications.
Incommensurate frequency waveform synthesis by optical parametric amplification (2011)

In this contribution we present a method for multi-color waveform synthesis in the IR spectral region using optical parametric amplification (OPA). With this synthesizer, we demonstrate shot-to-shot reproducible pulses formed by a combination of incommensurate frequencies. Control of the reproducible multicolor waveform generation is demonstrated by using different CEP sensitive methods: i) nonlinear spectral interferometry; ii) directional ATI electron emission; iii) THz emission by tunneling microcurrent.
Plasma sputtering deposition of PEMFC active catalytic layer (2007)

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Host Actin Polymerization Tunes the Cell Division Cycle of an Intracellular Pathogen (2015)

Growth and division are two of the most fundamental capabilities of a bacterial cell. While they are well described for model organisms growing in broth culture, very little is known about the cell division cycle of bacteria replicating in more complex environments. Using a D-alanine reporter strategy, we found that intracellular Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) spend a smaller proportion of their cell cycle dividing compared to Lm growing in broth culture. This alteration to the cell division cycle is independent of bacterial doubling time. Instead, polymerization of host-derived actin at the bacterial cell surface extends the non-dividing elongation period and compresses the division period. By decreasing the relative proportion of dividing Lm, actin polymerization biases the population toward cells with the highest propensity to form actin tails. Thus, there is a positive-feedback loop between the Lm cell division cycle and a physical interaction with the host cytoskeleton.
Progress toward long-distance, high-fidelity quantum communication (2003)

A team of researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Northwestern University is developing a system for achieving long-distance, high-fidelity teleportation and long-duration quantum storage. This paper will report recent progress that has been made in architectural studies, entanglement sources, and quantum memory.
A Practical Approach to Classifying and Managing Feeding Difficulties (2015)

Many young children are thought by their parents to eat poorly. Although the majority of these children are mildly affected, a small percentage have a serious feeding disorder. Nevertheless, even mildly affected children whose anxious parents adopt inappropriate feeding practices may experience consequences. Therefore, pediatricians must take all parental concerns seriously and offer appropriate guidance. This requires a workable classification of feeding problems and a systematic approach. The classification and approach we describe incorporate more recent considerations by specialists, both medical and psychological. In our model, children are categorized under the 3 principal eating behaviors that concern parents: limited appetite, selective intake, and fear of feeding. Each category includes a range from normal (misperceived) to severe (behavioral and organic). The feeding styles of caregivers (responsive, controlling, indulgent, and neglectful) are also incorporated. The objective is to allow the physician to efficiently sort out the wide variety of conditions, categorize them for therapy, and where necessary refer to specialists in the field.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel and Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of Symmetrical Diamide (Bis‐amidate) Prodrugs of Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonates and Evaluation of Their Biological Activities. (2011)

Abstract Diamide prodrugs (IIIa) and (Va) exhibit anti‐HIV activities at submicromolar concentrations with minimal cytotoxicity.