gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of tumor promoters on sodium ion transport across frog skin (1985)

Phorbol esters are tumor promoters and mitogens whose effects may be mediated by changes in ion transport across membranes. Clarification of the transport effects of these agents should be facilitated by using a well-characterized model epithelial system whose intracellular and transmural parameters are readily measurable. The current results constitute a preliminary study of the effects of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (PDBU), and phorbol on the short-circuit current (Isc) across frog skin. TPA produced two effects: a stimulation of Isc of variable magnitude and a far more constant inhibition of the natriferic action of vasopressin. These effects appear related to the action of TPA as a tumor promoter insofar as PDBU (an active ester) also inhibited the natriferic response to vasopressin, whereas phorbol (inactive as a tumor promoter) had no significant effect. TPA is largely active from the mucosal medium, inhibits the natriferic response to adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) as well as that to vasopressin, and does not stimulate Isc in the presence of 10(-4) M mucosal amiloride. Inhibition of prostaglandin E1 production by indomethacin had no effect on the actions of TPA. The results indicate that frog skin is a promising model for studying the transport effects of the phorbol esters. The data further suggest that TPA acts on frog skin by activating the physiological amiloride- and cAMP-sensitive channels gating apical Na+ entry from the mucosal medium into the epithelial cells.
A large scale fault-tolerant grid information service (2006)

Large scale grid systems may provide multitudinous services, from different providers, whose quality of service will vary. Moreover, services appear (and disappear) in the grid with no central coordination. Thus, to find out the most suitable service to fulfill their needs, grid users must resort to Grid Information Services (GISs). These services allow users to submit rich queries that are normally composed of multiple attributes and range operations. The ability to efficiently execute complex searches in a scalable and reliable way is a key challenge for current GISs. Scalability issues are normally dealt with by using peer-to-peer technologies. However, the more reliable peer-to-peer approaches do not cater for rich queries in a natural way. On the other hand, approaches that can easily support these rich queries axe less robust in the presence of faults. In this paper we focus on peer-to-peer GISs that efficiently support rich queries. In particular, we thoroughly analyze the impact of faults in one representant of such GISs, named NodeWiz. We propose extensions that increase NodeWiz's resilience to faults.
3D Ultrasound Elastography for Early Detection of Lesions. Evaluation on a Pressure Ulcer Mimicking Phantom (2007)

A pressure ulcer is a damaged tissue area induced by an unrelieved pressure compressing the tissue during a prolonged period of immobility. The lack of information and studies on the development of this pathology makes its prevention difficult. However, it is both acknowledged that lesions initiate in the deep muscular tissues before they expand to the skin, and that lesions are harder than healthy tissues. Elastography is therefore an interesting tool for an early detection of the pathology. A 3D strain estimation algorithm is presented and evaluated on a PVA-cryogel phantom, mimicking a pressure ulcer at an early stage.
2,2′‐Thiodiethanol: A new water soluble mounting medium for high resolution optical microscopy (2006)

The use of high numerical aperture immersion lenses in optical microscopy is compromised by spherical aberrations induced by the refractive index mismatch between the immersion system and the embedding medium of the sample. Especially when imaging >10 micro m deep into the specimen, the refractive index mismatch results in a noticeable loss of image brightness and resolution. A solution to this problem is to adapt the index of the embedding medium to that of the immersion system. Unfortunately, not many mounting media are known that are both index tunable as well as compatible with fluorescence imaging. Here we introduce a nontoxic embedding medium, 2,2'-thiodiethanol (TDE), which, by being miscible with water at any ratio, allows fine adjustment of the average refractive index of the sample ranging from that of water (1.33) to that of immersion oil (1.52). TDE thus enables high resolution imaging deep inside fixed specimens with objective lenses of the highest available aperture angles and has the potential to render glycerol embedding redundant. The refractive index changes due to larger cellular structures, such as nuclei, are largely compensated. Additionally, as an antioxidant, TDE preserves the fluorescence quantum yield of most of the fluorophores. We present the optical and chemical properties of this new medium as well as its application to a variety of differently stained cells and cellular substructures.
Generation of Non-Classical Surface-Plasmon Polaritons (2008)

In this contribution we present the generation of non-classical long-range surface-plasmon polaritons (SPPs). The non-classical SPPs are efficiently excited by squeezed light using free space optics and end-fire coupling. A total transmission of up to 33% through a 2mm long sample has been achieved. We measured quantum noise reduction of −0.5dB below the shot noise limit proving the generation of non-classical surface plasmons.
A scheme for acquiring very high resolution images using multiple cameras (1992)

A signal processing-based scheme for acquiring high-resolution pictures with sufficiently high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by processing multiple charge-coupled device (CCD) images is presented. The method integrates multiple low-resolution images into a high-resolution image. Compared to a CCD imaging device with equivalent resolution, it may be less sensitive to shot noise which becomes more dominant as the pixel size of an imager is further reduced. Preliminary experiments using a camera model have shown clear improvements in the high frequencies and image details. A strategy to further improve resolution is also described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Fault Tolerant Lateral Control for Transit Buses and Trucks (2004)

The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors who are responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the State of California. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation.
Observation of Metastable Structural Excitations and Concerted Atomic Motions on a Crystal Surface (1992)

The addition of a small number of lead atoms to a germanium(111) surface reduces the energy barrier for activated processes, and with a tunneling microscope it is possible to observe concerted atomic motions and metastable structures on this surface near room temperature. The formation and annihilation of these metastable structural surface excitations is associated with the shift in position of large numbers of germanium surface atoms along a specific row direction like beads on an abacus. The effect provides a mechanism for understanding the transport of atoms on a semiconductor surface.
Analysis of the vane rheometer using 3D finite element simulation (2007)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Saeid Savarmand, Mourad Heniche, Vincent Béchard, François Bertrand, Pierre J. Carreau; Analysis of the vane rheometer using 3D finite element simulation. Journal of Rheology 1 March 2007; 51 (2): 161–177. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.2433936 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe Society of RheologyJournal of Rheology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
New Mechanism for Ferroelectricity in the Perovskite Ca2–xMnxTi2O6 Synthesized by Spark Plasma Sintering (2018)

Perovskite oxides hosting ferroelectricity are particularly important materials for modern technologies. The ferroelectric transition in the well-known oxides BaTiO<sub>3</sub> and PbTiO<sub>3</sub> is realized by softening of a vibration mode in the cubic perovskite structure. For most perovskite oxides, octahedral-site tilting systems are developed to accommodate the bonding mismatch due to a geometric tolerance factor t = (A-O)/[√2(B-O)] < 1. In the absence of cations having lone-pair electrons, e.g., Bi<sup>3+</sup> and Pb<sup>2+</sup>, all simple and complex A-site and B-site ordered perovskite oxides with a t < 1 show a variety of tilting systems, and none of them become ferroelectric. The ferroelectric CaMnTi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub> oxide is, up to now, the only one that breaks this rule. It exhibits a columnar A-site ordering with a pronounced octahedral-site tilting and yet becomes ferroelectric at T<sub>c</sub> ≈ 650 K. Most importantly, the ferroelectricity at T < T<sub>c</sub> is caused by an order-disorder transition instead of a displacive transition; this character may be useful to overcome the critical thickness problem experienced in all proper ferroelectrics. Application of this new ferroelectric material can greatly simplify the structure of microelectronic devices. However, CaMnTi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub> is a high-pressure phase obtained at 7 GPa and 1200 °C, which limits its application. Here we report a new method to synthesize a gram-level sample of ferroelectric Ca<sub>2-x</sub>Mn<sub>x</sub>Ti<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>, having the same crystal structure as CaMnTi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub> and a similarly high Curie temperature. The new finding paves the way for the mass production of this important ferroelectric oxide. We have used neutron powder diffraction to identify the origin of the peculiar ferroelectric transition in this double perovskite and to reveal the interplay between magnetic ordering and the ferroelectric displacement at low temperatures.
A Novel Transformerless Common-Ground AC/DC Switching Converter with Integral Fault Protection utilizing Active Isolation Techniques (2021)

This paper presents a novel transformerless common-ground AC/DC switching converter with integral fault protection utilizing Active Isolation (AI) techniques. The power converter employs a standard buck-boost topology but isolates the converter by the addition of lateral active switch devices on the low-side power path. Compared to transformer isolation, this active isolated converter has reduced size and cost with increased efficiency. The paper includes a detailed discussion of circuit operating principles, modeling, fault detection, and experimental results. A 300W, $120 V_{ac}-to-19 V_{dc}$ converter is prototyped and experimental measurements are correlated to calculated results. The proposed fault protection solution is found to properly protect the converter in the event of a switch short failure on and switch device.
Quantitative characterization of brain β-amyloid using a joint PiB/FDG PET image histogram (2014)

A complex analysis performed by spatial registration of PiB and MRI patient images in order to localize the PiB signal to specific cortical brain regions has been proven effective in identifying imaging characteristics associated with underlying Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and Lewy Body Disease (LBD) pathology. This paper presents an original method of image analysis and stratification of amyloid-related brain disease based on the global spatial correlation of PiB PET images with <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET images (without MR images) to categorize the PiB signal arising from the cortex. Rigid registration of PiB and <sup>18</sup>F-FDG images is relatively straightforward, and in registration the <sup>18</sup>F-FDG signal serves to identify the cortical region in which the PiB signal is relevant. Cortical grey matter demonstrates the highest levels of amyloid accumulation and therefore the greatest PiB signal related to amyloid pathology. The highest intensity voxels in the <sup>18</sup>F-FDG image are attributed to the cortical grey matter. The correlation of the highest intensity PiB voxels with the highest 18F-FDG values indicates the presence of β-amyloid protein in the cortex in disease states, while correlation of the highest intensity PiB voxels with mid-range <sup>18</sup>F-FDG values indicates only nonspecific binding in the white matter.
Analysis of the Sign Regressor Least Mean Fourth Adaptive Algorithm (2011)

A novel algorithm, called the signed regressor least mean fourth (SRLMF) adaptive algorithm, that reduces the computational cost and complexity while maintaining good performance is presented. Expressions are derived for the steady-state excess-mean-square error (EMSE) of the SRLMF algorithm in a stationary environment. A sufficient condition for the convergence in the mean of the SRLMF algorithm is derived. Also, expressions are obtained for the tracking EMSE of the SRLMF algorithm in a nonstationary environment, and consequently an optimum value of the step-size is obtained. Moreover, the weighted variance relation has been extended in order to derive expressions for the mean-square error (MSE) and the mean-square deviation (MSD) of the proposed algorithm during the transient phase. Computer simulations are carried out to corroborate the theoretical findings. It is shown that there is a good match between the theoretical and simulated results. It is also shown that the SRLMF algorithm has no performance degradation when compared with the least mean fourth (LMF) algorithm. The results in this study emphasize the usefulness of this algorithm in applications requiring reduced implementation costs for which the LMF algorithm is too complex.
Resistive memories: which applications? (2014)

Recent announcement of 16Gbits Resistive memory from Sony shows the trend to quickly adopt resistive memories as an alternative to DRAM. However, using ReRAM for embedded computing is still a futuristic goal. This paper approaches two applications based on ReRAM-devices for gaining area, performance or power consumption. The first application is FPGA, one of the first architecture that can benefit the most from ReRAM integration to reduce footprint and save energy. The second application relates to ultra-low-power systems and the way to obtain an instantaneous freeze mode in devices for Internet of Things.
Repurposed Drugs Block Toxin-Driven Platelet Clearance by the Hepatic Ashwell-Morell Receptor to Clear Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia (2020)

ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus (SA) bloodstream infections cause high morbidity and mortality (20-30%) despite modern supportive care. In a human bacteremia cohort, development of thrombocytopenia was correlated to increased mortality and increased α-toxin expression by the pathogen. Platelet-derived antibacterial peptides are important in bloodstream defense against SA, but α-toxin decreased platelet viability, induced platelet sialidase to cause desialylation of platelet glycoproteins, and accelerated platelet clearance by the hepatic Ashwell-Morell receptor (AMR). Ticagrelor (Brilinta ® ), a commonly prescribed P2Y12 receptor inhibitor used post-myocardial infarction, blocked α-toxin-mediated platelet injury and resulting thrombocytopenia, thus providing protection from lethal SA infection in a murine intravenous challenge model. Genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of AMR stabilized platelet counts and enhanced resistance to SA infection, and the anti-influenza sialidase inhibitor oseltamivir (Tamiflu ® ) provided similar therapeutic benefit. Thus a “toxin-platelet-AMR” regulatory pathway plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of SA bloodstream infection, and its elucidation provides proof-of-concept for repurposing two FDA-approved drugs as adjunctive therapies to improve patient outcomes.
Low level of MAp44, an inhibitor of the lectin complement pathway, and long-term graft and patient survival; a cohort study of 382 kidney recipients (2016)

Low MAp44 level at the time of transplantation was associated with increased overall mortality in kidney recipients of median age of 51.7 years or below and with mortality due to infectious diseases in the whole patient cohort after nearly 14-years of follow up after transplantation. No associations between other effector molecules; MASP-2, MASP-3 or MAp19 and recipient mortality were found, as well as no association of any biomarker with death censored graft loss.
Eu2+-Doped Sr2B2–2xSi2+3xAl2–xN8+x: A Boron-Containing Orange-Emitting Nitridosilicate with Interesting Composition-Dependent Photoluminescence Properties (2016)

Novel Sr<sub>2-y</sub>Eu<sub>y</sub>B<sub>2-2x</sub>Si<sub>2+3x</sub>Al<sub>2-x</sub>N<sub>8+x</sub> phosphors were investigated as a function of the boron and aluminum over silicon ratio and as a function of the Eu<sup>2+</sup> concentration. Samples were prepared via solid-state reaction synthesis by carefully controlling the synthesis conditions and composition. At high boron and aluminum content, that is, x = 0, a Eu<sup>2+</sup> 5d-4f emission is observed of which the maximum shifts from 595 nm for low Eu concentrations (y = 0.005) toward 623 nm for high Eu concentrations (y = 0.5). The samples can be excited by UV or blue light up to ∼475 nm. Substitution of [B<sub>2</sub>Al]<sup>9+</sup> units by [Si<sub>3</sub>N]<sup>9+</sup> units, increasing x up to 0.15, greatly improves the luminescence efficiency up to 46% and shows a very large redshift of the excitation bands with ∼100 nm, while the emission band shifts with ∼10 nm. The shifts are attributed to the lowering of the 5d level as a result of the decreased Eu-N distance upon substitution. Temperature-dependent measurements show that the Eu<sup>2+</sup> 5d-4f emission is largely thermally quenched at room temperature for x = 0 due to thermal ionization toward the conduction band, explaining the low luminescence efficiency. The lowering of the 5d level at larger values of x reduces the thermal ionization and consequently increases the thermal stability and quantum efficiency, resulting in strongly luminescent blue-to-orange conversion phosphors that are interesting for light-emitting diode applications.
Phenotypic analysis of B cell subsets in HLA*B44 positive identical twins discordant for common variable immunodeficiency and recurrent sino-pulmonary infection (P3331) (2013)

Abstract Depressed serum immunoglobulin levels (sIgs) and recurrent sinopulmonary infections mark Common Variable Immune Deficiency (CVID). Many family members of CVID patients also suffer recurrent sinopulmonary infection (RESPI) but have normal sIg. We identified HLAB44 positive identical female twins who suffer sinopulmonary infections and are discordant for CVID and RESPI. Flow cytometry subsets showed equivalent numbers of immature B cells (BC) in both twins, but lower numbers of transitional and mature BC in the CVID twin. Deep sequencing of the immunoglobulin (Ig) repertoires expressed by the transitional and mature BC showed a significant divergence in the utilization of VH1 and VH4 family gene segments, with CVID favoring VH4 and RESPI VH1. RESPI twin used JH6 more frequently, whereas CVID twin used JH3. The amino acid composition of CDR-H3 repertoire was compared with a control; the twin and control tyrosine usage in transitional BC was similar (~15%) but greatly diverged in mature BC (control 15%, RESPI 25%, CVID &amp;lt; 10%). Whole genome sequencing revealed homozygosity for a rare CD21 S639N polymorphism and heterozygosity for CD19 L174V. These findings suggest that in addition to an acquired block in BC development at the transitional stage, the CVID twin produces an Ig repertoire that is markedly depleted of tyrosine. This may explain why the function of the Ig repertoire in CVID is more impaired than what might be expected by sIgs levels.
Synthesis and biology of inositol polyphosphate analogues (1992)

Conference Article| May 01 1992 Synthesis and biology of inositol polyphosphate analogues Barry V. L. Potter; Barry V. L. Potter ‡ * 1School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K. ‡To whom correspondence should be addressed. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Stefan R. Nahorski Stefan R. Nahorski †Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Leicester, Medical Sciences Building, Leicester LE1 9HN, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd Received: December 16 1991 Online ISSN: 1470-8752 Print ISSN: 0300-5127 © 1992 Biochemical Society1992 Biochem Soc Trans (1992) 20 (2): 434–442. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0200434 Article history Received: December 16 1991 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Barry V. L. Potter, Stefan R. Nahorski; Synthesis and biology of inositol polyphosphate analogues. Biochem Soc Trans 1 May 1992; 20 (2): 434–442. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0200434 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: Ins(1,4,5)P3, d-myo inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, Ins(1,4,5)PS3, wyo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphos-phorothioate, Ins(1,4,5)P3-5S, inositol 1,4-bisphosphate-5-phosphorothioate, Ins(1,4,5)P3-1S, inositol 1-phosphorothioate-4,5-bisphosphate, Ins(1,4,5)P3-4,5S, inositol 1-phosphate-4,5-bisphosphorothioate, NBD, nitro-benzoxadiazole This content is only available as a PDF. © 1992 Biochemical Society1992 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Supplementary Tables S2, S3, S4 from Enhanced Targeting of the EGFR Network with MM-151, an Oligoclonal Anti-EGFR Antibody Therapeutic (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Tables S2, S3, S4. Structure of the computational model of multiple ligand antagonists: species (Table S2), parameters (Table S3), and Reactions (Table S4).&lt;/p&gt;
Magnetic Resonance Elastography Assessment of Focused Ultrasound Surgery in Cancer Models: A Pilot Study (2006)

MRI guided focused ultrasound (FUS) has been shown to create thermal lesions where tissue stiffness changes significantly. To assess the correlation between tissue stiffness change and tissue ablation, a pilot animal based study was conducted to treat LNCaP tumors in vivo and Hep3B tumors immediately post mortem. MR elastography was used to analyze tissue stiffness before and after ablation. Treated tissue was excised immediately after each experiment and processed by routine histological analysis. Four prostate cancer tumors and four liver cancer tumors showed, on average, a threefold increase in stiffness due to FUS thermal treatment. Histology showed complete (100%) coagulation necrosis in these cases. These data suggest that MRE may be an effective means to assess tissue ablation.