gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Beyond gaming (2007)

The Cell Broadband Engine (BE) architecture is a 9-core heterogeneous processor. It is a new and versatile architecture that is well suited for a variety of applications including digital media, entertainment, communications, medical imaging, security and surveillance, and HPC workloads. The same Cell BE processor that powers IBM Cell blade servers is also available for a fraction of the cost in Sony PLAYSTATION3 (PS3) gaming consoles. The PS3 is not just a gaming console however because it is readily possible to install other operating systems and boot the PS3 into a programmable environment using popular Linux distributions. Thus a PS3 provides a practical vehicle for academic and research endeavors that focus on parallel architectures and parallel programming. This tutorial demonstrates the ease of leveraging PS3 consoles as low-cost and high-performance platforms for parallel execution. The tutorial provides a brief technical overview of the Cell architecture, and focuses on programming models and programming patterns that facilitate the development of efficient applications for the Cell BE.
ChemInform Abstract: Approaches to the Synthesis of Endothiopeptides: Synthesis of a Thioamide‐Containing C‐Terminal Bombesin Nonapeptide. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
On the information about message arrival times required for in-order decoding (2002)

Suppose that messages arrive at a source A according to a point process at random times X/sub 1/, X/sub 2/, ..., X/sub n/, to be transmitted to a receiver B, and are decoded at B at times Y/sub 1/,Y/sub 2/, ..., Y/sub n/, where Y/sub i//spl ges/X/sub i/, i=1, ..., n. The fact that B is able to decode message i at time Y/sub i/ means that by time Y/sub i/, B must have been informed that message i had arrived at A. Thus B must have received some infermation about the times at which messages arrived at A, apart from the information about the contents of the messages. The amount of information about the message arrival times that the receiver must receive was first analyzed by Gallager (1976), who reasoned that this information must be at least equal to I(X/sub 1/, ..., X/sub n/; Y/sub 1/, ..., Y/sub n/). We refine Gallager's approach by imposing the constraint that the messages be decoded at the receiver in the same order they arrived at the source, for example in a virtual circuit connection in a network or on a point-to-point channel.
Reduction of motion artifacts in cardiac CT based on partial angle reconstructions from short scan data (2016)

Until today, several software-based approaches to increase the temporal resolution in cardiac computed tomography by estimating motion vector fields (MVFs) have been developed. Thereunder, the majority are motion compensation algorithms, which estimate the MVFs employing a three-dimensional registration routine working on reconstructions of multiple cardiac phases.<sup>2, 6, 7, 12 </sup>We present an algorithm that requires nothing more than the data needed for a short scan reconstruction for motion estimation and motion-compensated reconstruction, which both are based on the reconstruction of volumes from a limited angular range.<sup>2, 3, 7, 8</sup> Those partial angle reconstructions are centered at different time points during the short scan and have a temporal resolution of about 10ms each. The MVFs are estimated by a constrained cost function optimization routine employing a motion artifact measuring cost function. During optimization, the MVFs are applied directly by warping the partial angle reconstructions, and the motion compensation is established by simply adding the shifted images. In order to enforce smooth vector fields and keep the number of parameters low, the motion is modeled by a low degree polynomial. Furthermore, to find a good estimation of the MVFs even in phases with rapid cardiac motion, the constrained optimization is re-initialized multiple times. The algorithm is validated with the help of a simulation study and applied to patient data, where motion- compensated reconstructions are performed in various cardiac phases. We show that the image quality can be improved, also in more rapid cardiac phases due to re-initialization of the optimization routine.
Inter-User Interference Coordination in Full-Duplex Systems Based on\n Geographical Context Information (2016)

We propose a coordination scheme to minimize the interference between users\nin a cellular network with full-duplex base stations and half-duplex user\ndevices. Our scheme exploits signal attenuation from obstacles between the\nusers by (i) extracting spatially isolated regions from a radio map and (ii)\nassigning simultaneous co-channel uplink and downlink transmissions to users in\nthese regions such that inter-user interference is minimized. While adding low\ncomputational complexity and insignificant signaling overhead to existing\ndeployments, evaluating our solution with real coverage data shows impressive\ngains compared to conventional half-duplex and full-duplex operation.\n
Rhodium-Catalyzed Addition of Arylboronic Acids to Isatins:  An Entry to Diversity in 3-Aryl-3-Hydroxyoxindoles (2006)

[reaction: see text] A general method for the catalytic 1,2-addition of aryl and alkenyl boronic acids to isatins is described using a rhodium(I)/triphenylphosphite catalyst. The application of this transformation allows the synthesis of a variety of 3-aryl-3-hydroxyoxindole building blocks in high yields. An enantioselective version of this reaction using a rhodium(I)/phosphoramidite system is also presented.
Possible role for a plasma factor in the induction and/or maintenance of the state of leukocyte adhesiveness/aggregation in the peripheral blood. A study of mothers and their newborns (1991)

The adhesive property of white blood cells is essential for a normal immune response. We examined the state of leukocyte adhesiveness/aggregation (LAA) in the peripheral blood of 31 mothers and their newborns by means of a direct slide test and found it to differ significantly, the respective per cents of aggregated leukocytes found in the peripheral blood being 15 +/- 6.4 and 5 +/- 3.3 (mean +/- SD). However, the particle concentration of white blood cells in the peripheral blood did not differ significantly (14.2 +/- 4.4 and 13.6 +/- x 10(9) l-1). By incubating a mother's plasma with her newborn's whole blood we could induce a significant (p less than 0.0001) increment in the state of LAA. We conclude that deficiency of a plasma factor that does not cross the placenta is responsible for the low LAA in the newborn's peripheral blood.
Impact of drain electrode shape irregularities on breakdown voltage of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs (2016)

In this work, we investigated the effect of shape irregularities of drain electrode on the breakdown voltage of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. We found that some random devices having rough metal edge definition tend to have lower breakdown voltages. In addition, these devices showed localized high intensity luminescence observed under near pinch-off condition. This is likely due to electric field concentration near irregularities such as sharp edges and corners that were randomly formed at some point during device fabrication. On the other hand, devices that have smooth metal edge definition exhibited uniform faint electroluminescence along the drain electrode edge. We also fabricated AlGaN/GaN HEMTs with intentionally-designed patterns such as sawtooth profiles along the drain edge. Intense luminescence localized at the apexes of sawtooth pattern together with the relatively lower breakdown voltages of these devices confirmed the importance of maintaining smooth drain electrode edge definition for achieving high breakdown performance in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs.
CAP Theorem: Revision of Its Related Consistency Models (2018)

The CAP theorem states that only two of these properties can be simultaneously guaranteed in a distributed service: (i) consistency, (ii) availability and (iii) network partition tolerance. This theorem was stated and proved assuming that ‘consistency’ refers to atomic consistency. However, multiple consistency models exist and atomic consistency is located at the strongest edge of that spectrum. Many distributed services deployed in cloud platforms should be highly available and scalable. Network partitions may arise in those deployments and should be tolerated. One way of dealing with CAP constraints consists in relaxing consistency. Therefore, it is interesting to explore the set of consistency models not supported in an available and partition-tolerant service (CAP-constrained models). Other weaker consistency models could be maintained when scalable services are deployed in partitionable systems (CAP-free models). Three contributions arise: (i) multiple other CAP-constrained models are identified, (ii) a borderline between CAP-constrained and CAP-free models is set and (iii) a hierarchy of consistency models depending on their strength and convergence is built.
Expression of the translocator protein (TSPO) from Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 requires the stress regulatory sigma factors AlgU and RpoH (2015)

The translocator protein (TSPO), previously designated as peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor, is an evolutionary conserved protein that is found in many Eukarya, Archae, and Bacteria, in which it plays several important functions including for example membrane biogenesis, signaling, and stress response. A tspo homolog gene has been identified in several members of the Pseudomonas genus, among which the soil bacterium P. fluorescens Pf0-1. In this bacterium, the tspo gene is located in the vicinity of a putative hybrid histidine kinase-encoding gene. Since tspo has been involved in water stress related response in plants, we explored the effects of hyperosmolarity and temperature on P. fluorescens Pf0-1 tspo expression using a strategy based on lux-reporter fusions. We show that the two genes Pfl01_2810 and tspo are co-transcribed forming a transcription unit. The expression of this operon is growth phase-dependent and is increased in response to high concentrations of NaCl, sucrose and to a D-cycloserine treatment, which are conditions leading to activity of the major cell wall stress responsive extracytoplasmic sigma factor AlgU. Interestingly, the promoter region activity is strongly lowered in a P. aeruginosa algU mutant, suggesting that AlgU may be involved at least partly in the molecular mechanism leading to Pfl01_2810-tspo expression. In silico analysis of this promoter region failed to detect an AlgU consensus binding site; however, a putative binding site for the heat shock response RpoH sigma factor was detected. Accordingly, the promoter activity of the region containing this sequence is increased in response to high growth temperature and slightly lowered in a P. aeruginosa rpoH mutant strain. Taken together, our data suggest that P. fluorescens tspo gene may belong at least partly to the cell wall stress response.
Patterns for Managing Distributed Product Development Teams. (2004)

In recent years, an increasing number of companies and organizations have put in place geographically distributed teams to carry out development of various products – in particular software products. This trend has economic drivers (globalization, outsourcing) and has been facilitated by the IT revolution (better, cheaper communications). However, it has brought new challenges for the organizations to manage those distributed teams effectively [11]. Schlumberger is an international oilfield service company, present in 127 countries, with 19 R&amp;amp;D centers in Europe, North America and Asia. Over the past several years, it has run a variety of geographically distributed development teams. Experience from managing these teams was collected and discussed at several internal workshops [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]; specific resources were also allocated to evaluate and recommend anything from tools and licenses (VC systems, mobile phones, VPN, instant messaging, etc.) to techniques and best practices [4]. The collection of Patterns we present here is intended to capture that experience for two purposes: first, to make it available within our company to new teams and new
Supplementary Figure 4 from Genome-Wide CpG Island Profiling of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms of the Pancreas (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 321K&lt;/p&gt;
Natural abundance 17O NMR spectroscopic study of quinone methides (1992)

Abstract The 17 O NMR chemical shift data for a series of substituted 10‐methyleneanthrones and related 10‐alkylanthrones in acetonitrile solution at 75°C are reported. The 17 O NMR chemical shift value of 10‐methyleneanthrone is shielded by ca . 35 ppm compared with that of anthraquinone. The chemical shifts of the 10‐methyleneanthrones range from 493 ppm for 10‐bromomethyleneanthrone to 440 ppm for 10‐diethylaminomethyleneanthrone. A correlation of the 17 O NMR chemical shifts of the 10‐substituted methyleneanthrones with σ + constants is noted.
Analyzing the Impact of X-Ray Tomography on the Reliability of Integrated Circuits (2015)

Abstract X-ray tomography is a promising technique that can provide micron level, internal structure, and three dimensional (3D) information of an integrated circuit (IC) component without the need for serial sectioning or decapsulation. This is especially useful for counterfeit IC detection as demonstrated by recent work. Although the components remain physically intact during tomography, the effect of radiation on the electrical functionality is not yet fully investigated. In this paper we analyze the impact of X-ray tomography on the reliability of ICs with different fabrication technologies. We perform a 3D imaging using an advanced X-ray machine on Intel flash memories, Macronix flash memories, Xilinx Spartan 3 and Spartan 6 FPGAs. Electrical functionalities are then tested in a systematic procedure after each round of tomography to estimate the impact of X-ray on Flash erase time, read margin, and program operation, and the frequencies of ring oscillators in the FPGAs. A major finding is that erase times for flash memories of older technology are significantly degraded when exposed to tomography, eventually resulting in failure. However, the flash and Xilinx FPGAs of newer technologies seem less sensitive to tomography, as only minor degradations are observed. Further, we did not identify permanent failures for any chips in the time needed to perform tomography for counterfeit detection (approximately 2 hours).
Cardinality Constrained Portfolio Optimization on an Ising Machine (2022)

In this paper, we propose an Ising-machine based method for solving the cardinality constrained mean-variance portfolio optimization problem (CCMVPOP), which is an NP-hard problem and often solved using metaheuristics. Firstly, we formulate this problem as a binary quadratic program (BQP) to be solved by an Ising machine-software system. Namely, we propose formulations for each objective and constraint using binary variables exclusively. Furthermore, we evaluate and compare well known integer to binary variable encoding as well as propose a new encoding for the CCMVPOP. The evaluation is done by studying which encoding converges the fastest to the highest return over risk collection of assets for a given data set which represent stocks involved in a capital market index. Used data range from capital market index composed of 31 assets for the smallest and up to 225 for the largest. The experimental results confirm that the proposed formulations to the CCMVPOP for an Ising machine-software system are effective.
Alcohol dehydrogenase III exacerbates liver fibrosis by enhancing stellate cell activation and suppressing natural killer cells in mice (2014)

ADH3 plays important roles in promoting liver fibrosis by enhancing HSC activation and inhibiting NK cell activity, and could be used as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
Comparisons of Conventional, 3-D, Optical, and RF Interconnects for On-Chip Clock Distribution (2004)

This paper analyzes the performance of different interconnect technologies for on-chip clock distribution, including conventional, three-dimensional, optical, and radio frequency interconnects. Skew, power, and area usage were estimated for each of these technologies based on the 2001 International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors. Our results indicate that most of the skew and power are associated with local clock distribution. Consequently, since the alternative clock distribution approaches that have been proposed focus on global clock distribution, we have not found significant advantages over conventional clock distribution in terms of skew and power. Furthermore, it was found that low skews could be attained with conventional clock distribution schemes if the clock signals are not scaled down.
Subamorphous Thermal Conductivity of Crystalline Half-Heusler Superlattices (2018)

The quest to improve the thermoelectric figure of merit has mainly followed the roadmap of lowering the thermal conductivity while keeping unaltered the power factor of the material. Ideally an electron-crystal phonon-glass system is desired. In this work, we report an extraordinary reduction of the cross-plane thermal conductivity in crystalline (TiNiSn):(HfNiSn) half-Heusler superlattices (SLs). We create SLs with thermal conductivities below the effective amorphous limit, which is kept in a large temperature range (120–300 K). We measured thermal conductivity at room temperature values as low as 0.75 W m−1 K−1, the lowest thermal conductivity value reported so far for half-Heusler compounds. By changing the deposition conditions, we also demonstrate that the thermal conductivity is highly impacted by the way the single segments of the SL grow. These findings show a huge potential for thermoelectric generators where an extraordinary reduction of the thermal conductivity is required but without losing the crystal quality of the system
Back-gate Bias Influence on the Operation of Lateral SOI PIN Photodiodes at High Temperatures (2013)

This paper addresses, for the first time, a simultaneous analysis of back-gate bias and temperature influences on the operation of lateral SOI PIN photodiodes in 300 to 500 K range. Experimental results showed that the operation mode of the photodiodes is affected by back-gate bias, modifying the photogenerated current, which presents its maximum value when the silicon film is laterally depleted, indicating minimal carrier recombination in this condition. The highest signal to noise ratio was obtained for accumulation mode operating at 400K.
Defining the Biological Bases of Individual Differences in Musicality (2018)

Advances in molecular technologies make it possible to pinpoint genomic factors associated with complex human traits. For cognition and behaviour, identification of underlying genes provides new entry points for deciphering the key neurobiological pathways. In the past decade, the search for genetic correlates of musicality has gained traction. Reports have documented familial clustering for different extremes of ability, including amusia and absolute pitch (AP), with twin studies demonstrating high heritability for some music-related skills, such as pitch perception. Certain chromosomal regions have been linked to AP and musical aptitude, while individual candidate genes have been investigated in relation to aptitude and creativity. Most recently, researchers in this field started performing genome-wide association scans. Thus far, studies have been hampered by relatively small sample sizes and limitations in defining components of musicality, including an emphasis on skills that can only be assessed in trained musicians. With opportunities to administer standardized aptitude tests online, systematic large-scale assessment of musical abilities is now feasible, an important step towards high-powered genome-wide screens. Here, we offer a synthesis of existing literatures and outline concrete suggestions for the development of comprehensive operational tools for the analysis of musical phenotypes.
Highly Efficient Frequency Shifting from Temporally Modulated Epsilon-Near-Zero Surfaces (2019)

The dynamical control of material electromagnetic (EM) properties has recently been attracting significant interest. While a static design of the optical properties can provide a complete control of the momentum of a propagating wave, time-dependent materials allow the manipulation of its optical frequency. For instance, suppose a laser pulse incident on the interface between two media where one of them is rapidly changing refractive index in time. The temporal modulation of the boundary between the two media leads to a backward and forward propagating wave with a shifted spectrum [1,2]. This phenomenon, called photon acceleration, has been theoretically investigated in the last century, whilst experimental proof is harder to achieve for homogenous materials or surfaces due to the extremely large and fast changes of the refractive index required.
Feature Selection: a Useful Preprocessing Step (1997)

Statistical classification techniques and machine learning methods have been applied to some Information Retrieval (IR) problems: routing, filtering and categorization. Most of these methods are usually awkward and sometimes intractable in highly dimensional feature spaces. In order to reduce dimensionality, feature selection has been introduced as a pre-processing step. In this paper, we assess to what extent feature selection can be used without causing a loss in effectiveness. This problem can be tackled since a couple of recent learners do not require a preprocessing step. On a text categorization task, using the Reuters-22,173 collection, we give empirical evidence that feature selection is useful: first, the size of the collection index can be drastically reduced without causing a significant loss in categorization effectiveness. Then, we show that feature selection speeds up the time required to automatically build the categorization system.
Phosphorus sequestration in the form of polyphosphate by microbial symbionts in marine sponges (2015)

Marine sponges are major habitat-forming organisms in coastal benthic communities and have an ancient origin in evolution history. Here, we report significant accumulation of polyphosphate (polyP) granules in three common sponge species of the Caribbean coral reef. The identity of the polyP granules was confirmed by energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and by the fluorescence properties of the granules. Microscopy images revealed that a large proportion of microbial cells associated with sponge hosts contained intracellular polyP granules. Cyanobacterial symbionts cultured from sponges were shown to accumulate polyP. We also amplified polyphosphate kinase (ppk) genes from sponge DNA and confirmed that the gene was expressed. Based on these findings, we propose here a potentially important phosphorus (P) sequestration pathway through symbiotic microorganisms of marine sponges. Considering the widespread sponge population and abundant microbial cells associated with them, this pathway is likely to have a significant impact on the P cycle in benthic ecosystems.