gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Progress Review on Solid‐State LiDAR and Nanophotonics‐Based LiDAR Sensors (2022)

Abstract Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensors enable precision sensing of an object in 3D. LiDAR technology is widely used in metrology, environment monitoring, archaeology, and robotics. It also shows high potential to be applied in autonomous driving. In traditional LiDAR sensors, mechanical rotator is used for optical beam scanning, which brings about limitations on their reliability, size, and cost. These limitations can be overcome by a more compact solid‐state solution. Solid‐state LiDAR sensors are commonly categorized into the following three types: flash‐based LiDAR, microelectromechanical system (MEMS)‐based LiDAR, and optical phased array (OPA)‐based LiDAR. Furthermore, advanced optics technology enables novel nanophotonics‐based devices with high potential and superior advantages to be utilized in a LiDAR sensor. In this review, LiDAR sensor principles are introduced, including three commonly used sensing schemes: pulsed time of flight (TOF), amplitude‐modulated continuous wave TOF, and frequency‐modulated continuous wave. Recent advances in conventional solid‐state LiDAR sensors are summarized and presented, including flash‐based LiDAR, MEMS‐based LiDAR, and OPA‐based LiDAR. The recent progress on emerging nanophotonics‐based LiDAR sensors is also covered. A summary is made and the future outlook on advanced LiDAR sensors is provided.
Exploring the use of Hyper-Threading technology for multimedia applications with Intel/spl reg/ OpenMP compiler (2004)

Processors with Hyper-Threading technology can improve the performance of applications by permitting a single processor to process data as if it were two processors by executing instructions from different threads in parallel rather than serially. However, the potential performance improvement can be only obtained if an application is multithreaded by parallelization techniques. This paper presents the threaded code generation and optimization techniques in the Intel/spl reg/ C++/Fortran compiler. We conduct the performance study of two multimedia applications parallelized with OpenMP pragmas and compiled with the Intel compiler on the Hyper-Threading technology (HT) enabled Intel single-processor and multi-processor systems. Our performance results show that the multithreaded code generated by the Intel compiler achieved up to 1.28x speedups on a HT-enabled single-CPU system and up to 2.23x speedup on a HT-enabled dual-CPU system. By measuring IPC (Instructions Per Cycle), UPC (Uops Per Cycle) and cache misses of both serial and multithreaded execution of each multimedia application, we conclude three key observations: (a) the multithreaded code generated by the Intel compiler yields a good performance gain with the parallelization guided by OpenMP pragmas or directives; (b) exploiting thread-level parallelism (TLP) causes inter-thread interference in caches, and places greater demands on the memory system. However, the Hyper-Threading technology hides the additional latency, so that there is a small impact on the whole program performance; (c) Hyper-Threading technology is effective on exploiting both task- and data-parallelism inherent in multimedia applications.
Pathology of Lagovirus europaeus GI.2/RHDV2/b (Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2) in Native North American Lagomorphs (2021)

Rabbit hemorrhagic disease, a notifiable foreign animal disease in the US, was reported for the first time in wild native North American lagomorphs in April 2020 in the southwestern US. Affected species included the desert cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii), mountain cottontail (Sylvilagus nuttallii), black-tailed jackrabbit (Lepus californicus), and antelope jackrabbit (Lepus alleni). Desert cottontails (n=7) and black-tailed jackrabbits (n=7) collected in April and May 2020 were necropsied at the US Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center and tested positive for Lagovirus europaeus GI.2, also known as rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 (GI.2/RHDV2/b), by real-time PCR at the US Department of Agriculture's Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory. Gross and microscopic lesions were similar to those reported in European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and other hare (Lepus) species with GI.2/RHDV2/b infection; they included epistaxis (12/13; 92%); massive hepatocellular dissociation (14/14; 100%) and necrosis or apoptosis (11/11; 100%); pulmonary congestion (12/12; 100%), edema (12/13; 92%), and hemorrhage (11/12; 92%); and acute renal tubular injury (3/8; 38%). As in previous reports, massive hepatocellular dissociation and necrosis or apoptosis was the most diagnostically distinct finding. As North American Sylvilagus and Lepus species appear to be susceptible to fatal GI.2/RHDV2/b infection, additional work is needed to understand the host range, pathogenicity, and potential population effects of GI.2/RHDV2/b in North America.
Industrial applications of molecular recognition technology to separations of platinum group metals and selective removal of metal impurities from process streams (2015)

Selective precious and specialty metal separations and recovery using molecular recognition processes are described for commercial mining and recycling operations.
Immunoglobulin V(H) usage during primary infection of rhesus monkeys with chimeric simian-human immunodeficiency viruses (1997)

It has been suggested that naive immunoglobulins encoded by the V(H)3 gene family interact aberrantly with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 via a superantigenic epitope, causing initial expansion and eventual depletion of V(H)3-expressing B cells. However, this possibility has not been prospectively assessed during an AIDS virus infection. We determined V(H) family usage in rhesus monkeys during primary infection with chimeric viruses expressing HIV-1 envelopes on a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac) backbone (SHIVs). Four SHIVs with different envelopes and pathogenicities were studied. V(H) family usage was prospectively assessed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and lymph node cells of these monkeys by a semiquantitative PCR technique. In the first months following SHIV infection, a period of intense viral antigenemia, representation of various V(H) families increased or decreased for individual monkeys, but no single V(H) family was consistently altered. In particular, the average representation of V(H)3-bearing B lymphocytes did not change. This observation suggests that the envelope glycoprotein of HIV-1 does not selectively expand or deplete the V(H)3 repertoire of primate B cells during acute AIDS virus infection, contrary to predictions of the gp120 superantigen hypothesis.
Eucalyptus: Support for Effective Use of Persistent Memory (2012)

Persistent memory modules with performance similar to that of standard DRAM are becoming commercially available. In addition to the potential decrease in cost and/or capacity, the nonvolatility of data stored in them is opening new doors to improved performance and new capabilities in a wide range of applications. In this paper we address issues involved in providing the software support for effective use of such memory systems. In particular, we discuss the API to be used for accessing persistent memory and propose a novel scheme to provide atomic and in order memory access. Insuring that memory access are performed in order and if need be atomically has turned out to be a significant challenge in the presence of one or more levels of volatile caches. The solutions offered to this date either require disabling caching, significant changes in the hardware, or frequent use of cache flushes and memory fences. All these requirements have a significant impact on the system performance. In contrast, Eucalyptus presented in paper is a software only solution which relaxes these requirements by separating consistency and persistency of data. Preliminary results obtained from our prototype are presented as well.
O124 Persistent Retinal Vascular Changes In Kawasaki Syndrome - Potential Role In Coronary Risk Stratification (2014)

Hexagonal zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized via thermal decomposition of precursors prepared from carboxylic acids, such as oxalic, citric or tartaric acids, using a promising method. The as-prepared precursors were studied using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The materials resulting from the heat treatment were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Their specific surface areas were determined using the BET method to be approximately 20 m2/g. The particle size was determined to be 40 nm based on TEM and 25 nm calculated from XRD. Therefore, the crystallite dimensions were confirmed to be on the nanoscale. All of these zinc oxide samples have exhibited very good efficiency for photodegradation of methylene blue (MB), which was used as a standard pollutant, under UV light irradiation.
(Invited) Temporary Bonding with Polydimethylglutarimide for Residue-Free Layer Transfer and 3-D Integration (2015)

Bonding of lift off resist (LOR) was performed to realize temporary wafer bonding without residue. Bonding process conditions such as spin speed, pre-bake temperature, and bonding temperature were optimized to obtain a large bonded area with high bond strength. Under optimized process conditions, a bonded area covering over 98% of the wafer surface, with a room temperature bond strength of nearly 5 J/m2 is achieved. During razor blade testing, fracture often occurs at the Si wafer. Moreover, debonding using an N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP)-based solvent left the wafer surface extremely small amount of residue. Thus, the optimized bonding processed developed in this research is suitable for a clean temporary bonding process.
Inclusive, prompt and non-prompt J/ψ production at mid-rapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at s N N = 2.76 $$ \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=2.76 $$ TeV (2015)

The transverse momentum (p T ) dependence of the nuclear modification factor R AA and the centrality dependence of the average transverse momentum p T for inclusive J/ have been measured with ALICE for Pb-Pb collisions at s NN = 2.76 TeV in the e + e -decay channel at mid-rapidity (|y| < 0.8). The p T is significantly smaller than the one observed for pp collisions at the same centre-of-mass energy. Consistently, an increase of R AA is observed towards low p T . These observations might be indicative of a sizable contribution of charm quark coalescence to the J/ production. Additionally, the fraction of non-prompt J/ from beauty hadron decays, f B , has been determined in the region 1.5 < p T < 10 GeV/c in three centrality intervals. No significant centrality dependence of f B is observed. Finally, the R AA of non-prompt J/ is discussed and compared with model predictions. The nuclear modification in the region 4.5 < p T < 10 GeV/c is found to be stronger than predicted by most models.
<title>Polarization characterization of an LCTV with a Mueller matrix imaging polarimeter</title> (1993)

The polarization properties of a TVT-6000 LCTV have been investigated. Mueller matrices of multiple ray paths through the TVT-6000 were measured for a single (typical) pixel, and through several pixels, using an imaging polarimeter. The TVT-6000 was characterized as a function of applied voltage and angle of incidence. From the Mueller matrices, the spatially dependent retardance, diattenuation, and depolarization are calculated and displayed as topographic maps. In another set of measurements, the LCTV is illuminated with a plane wave, and the spatial distribution of polarization in the Far Field Diffraction Pattern is measured in Mueller matrix form.
A cancer organogram test as a guide for oncology treatments in SOLID tumors: An analysis of 628 tests in 419 patients. (2021)

2602 Background: A CLIA-certified organoid based drug sensitivity assay (a cancer organogram) has been developed for all solid tumors. An actionable report of organogram sensitivities to endocrine, chemotherapy and targeted agents, produced a drug sensitivity score as a tool to inform therapy decision making. Objectives: To evaluate the success rate of organoid derivation, the organogram drug responses across cancer types and to analyze the impact of the organogram report on therapeutic decision making. Methods: From 2016 to 2020, 628 cancer organograms were performed, with 513 tumor samples from 419 cancer patients. Within 48 hours of collection, fresh samples of tumor cells obtained from core biopsies, surgical excisions, or fluids were cultured, the majority as 3D organoids. Drug screens were performed with a library of up to 220 drugs, and dose-response was evaluated across a range of concentrations for each drug. Organogram sensitivity was ranked as response in five categories based on SPM Score: Exceptional (SPM15/14), Good (13/12), Moderate to Low (11/9), and None( &lt; 9). 118 drugs on average were tested per screen (range: 68-152), so in a total of 628 organograms, more than 70,000 individual drug trials have been performed. The median turnaround time was 28 days (range: 19.5-51.5). Results: Of the 513 collected samples, 314 were fresh specimens: 96 core biopsies, 151 surgical specimens, and 67 fluids (pleural effusions or ascites), with an organoid derivation success rate of 58.3%, 78%, and 88%, respectively. Overall success rate in organoid derivation was 70.2%. Samples with poor viability and low tumor cell count (22%) were rejected. The primary cancer types tested were ovarian (n = 92, 17.9%), breast (n = 73, 14.2%), colorectal (n = 70, 13.6%), pancreatic (n = 51, 9.9%), cholangiocarcinoma (n = 42, 8.1%), and other solid tumors (n = 185, 36%). Median age of patients was 56 years old (range: 5-83), most of them heavily pretreated. 20.45% of drugs screened had exceptional and good responses (SPM score 15-12) (SD: 17.92%). We reviewed genomic data from 374 third-party genomic reports. The most frequent genomic alterations found were TP53 (n = 143, 38.2%), BRCA1 and BRCA2 (n = 47, 12.5%) CDKN2A (n = 42, 11.2%), FGFR1/2/3/4 (n = 41, 10.9%), and PIK3CA (n = 38, 10.1%). Post-test treatment information is available for a subset of 61 patients. The treating physician made an organogram-guided therapeutic decision in 32/44 patients with post test treatment drugs scored (72%). Conclusions: The cancer organogram test has a high rate of success in generating an actionable report that identifies therapies for patients with limited therapeutic options, including those with no known genomic biomarkers. The organogram guided selection of therapeutics for a significant subset of patients, nearly 4 times the rate reported with genomic testing alone.
Effects of a newly designed HEMA-free, multi-purpose, single-bottle, self-etching adhesive on bonding to dental hard tissues, zirconia-based ceramics, and gold alloy (2011)

This study investigated the bonding effectiveness of newly designed self-etching adhesives to four types of adherends--enamel, dentin, zirconia, and gold (Au) alloy. Five experimental adhesives were prepared, which contained 3.0-5.0 wt% 6-methacryloyloxyhexyl phosphonoacetate (6-MHPA) or 6-methacryloyloxyhexyl 3-phosphonopropionate (6-MHPP), 3.0 wt% 4-acryloyloxyethoxycarbonylphthalic acid (4-AET) or 17.0 wt% 4-methacryloyloxyethoxycarbonylphthalic acid (4-MET), 0-0.5 wt% 6-methacryloyloxyhexyl 6,8-dithiooctanoate (6-MHDT) or 10-methacryloyloxydecyl 6,8-dithiooctanoate (10-MDDT), and varying contents of Bis-GMA, dimethacrylate monomers, water, acetone, and a photoinitiator system. After 2,000 times of thermal cycling, shear bond strengths (SBSs) between a resin composite (Beautifil II, Shofu Inc., Japan) and the four adherends, bonded using the experimental adhesives, were measured at 1.0 mm/min. No statistically significant differences in SBS for bonding to ground enamel, dentin, sandblasted zirconia and Au alloy (p>0.05) were found between experimental adhesives which contained 6-MHPA and/or 6-MHPP, 4-MET or 4-AET, 6-MHDT and/or 10-MDDT, Bis-GMA, and dimethacrylates. An adhesive layer of less than 5.0 µm thickness, by scanning electron microscopy observation, revealed strong adhesion to the four adherends. Therefore, the newly designed multi-purpose, self-etching adhesive strongly adhered to all the four adherend materials tested.
Effect of carbon plate inserted in trail running shoes on foot and shank acceleration at different slopes (2023)

"Effect of carbon plate inserted in trail running shoes on foot and shank acceleration at different slopes." Footwear Science, 15(sup1), pp. S72–S73Keywords: Trail runningaccelerometerinclined runninginertial sensorsfootwearrunning Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the Mitacs Accelerate Program (Postdoctoral Fellowship).
Interactions and structure studies of (amines + ionic liquids) binary mixtures. (2012)

International audience
The Effect of a Biofilm-disrupting Wound Gel vs. a Broad-spectrum Antimicrobial Ointment on a Chronic Wound Microbiome: A Secondary Analysis Associating Clinical and Laboratory Findings (2022)

Reducing wound bioburden could result in a clinically relevant change in the healing trajectory. In this study, wound size reduction and increased healing percentages were superior in the experimental group.
Carboplatin-based versus cisplatin-based chemotherapy in the treatment of surgically incurable advanced bladder carcinoma (1997)

M-CAVI is less toxic but less active than M-VAC in the treatment of patients with advanced bladder carcinoma. Carboplatin-based regimens in which carboplatin is administered at the dose range used in the current study should be reserved for patients who cannot tolerate cisplatin treatment. Further research is required to assess the impact of high dose carboplatin in the treatment of this disease.
Nicht-interventionelle prospektive Studie zur Umstellung von lebertransplantierten Patienten auf generisches Ciclosporin A (2014)

Einleitung: Ciclosporin A stellt einen der Grundbausteine in der immunsuppressiven Therapie nach Lebertransplantation (LTX) dar. Der Einsatz von Generika ist wirtschaftlich interessant, kann aber mit Risiken verbunden sein.
Effects of Gut Microbes on Nutrient Absorption and Energy Regulation (2012)

Malnutrition may manifest as either obesity or undernutrition. Accumulating evidence suggests that the gut microbiota plays an important role in the harvest, storage, and expenditure of energy obtained from the diet. The composition of the gut microbiota has been shown to differ between lean and obese humans and mice; however, the specific roles that individual gut microbes play in energy harvest remain uncertain. The gut microbiota may also influence the development of conditions characterized by chronic low-level inflammation, such as obesity, through systemic exposure to bacterial lipopolysaccharide derived from the gut microbiota. In this review, the role of the gut microbiota in energy harvest and fat storage is explored, as well as differences in the microbiota in obesity and undernutrition.
Search for direct production of charginos and neutralinos in events with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in $ \sqrt{s} $ = 8 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector (2014)

A search for the direct production of charginos and neutralinos in final states with three leptons and missing transverse momentum is presented. The analysis is based on 20.3 fb -1 of s = 8 TeV proton-proton collision data delivered by the Large Hadron
Algebraic Multiscale Solver for Flow in Heterogeneous Fractured Porous Media (2015)

Abstract A general algebraic multiscale framework is presented for fractured porous media, which enables the treatment of fractures with multiple length scales and wide ranges of conductivity contrasts. To this end, fully integrated local basis functions for both matrix and fractures are constructed. These basis functions are employed to construct the multiscale coarse system for both matrix and fractures, and then interpolate the coarse solutions back to the fine-scale reference system. Combined with a second stage fine-scale solver, here, ILU(0), our development leads to an iterative multiscale strategy for heterogeneous fractured media, allowing for error reduction to any arbitrary level, while honoring mass conservation after any multiscale finite volume stage. In order to maintain generality, it is shown that when each fracture network is modeled using a single coarse grid cell, our formulation automatically reduces to that proposed by Hajibeygi et al. (2011). However, in order to facilitate the treatment of general ranges of conductivity contrasts and deviation term norms, we introduce the ability to refine the coarse grid to more than one cell per network. Our experiments show that this flexibility results in a significant improvement on convergence properties. This added degree of flexibility is made possible through an algebraic formulation, which leads to a multi-stage multiscale conservative linear solver for multiphase flow in fractured media.
Mesoscopic structural phase progression in photo-excited VO2 revealed by time-resolved x-ray diffraction microscopy (2016)

Dynamical phase separation during a solid-solid phase transition poses a challenge for understanding the fundamental processes in correlated materials. Critical information underlying a phase transition, such as localized phase competition, is difficult to reveal by measurements that are spatially averaged over many phase separated regions. The ability to simultaneously track the spatial and temporal evolution of such systems is essential to understanding mesoscopic processes during a phase transition. Using state-of-the-art time-resolved hard x-ray diffraction microscopy, we directly visualize the structural phase progression in a VO2 film upon photoexcitation. Following a homogenous in-plane optical excitation, the phase transformation is initiated at discrete sites and completed by the growth of one lattice structure into the other, instead of a simultaneous isotropic lattice symmetry change. The time-dependent x-ray diffraction spatial maps show that the in-plane phase progression in laser-superheated VO2 is via a displacive lattice transformation as a result of relaxation from an excited monoclinic phase into a rutile phase. The speed of the phase front progression is quantitatively measured, and is faster than the process driven by in-plane thermal diffusion but slower than the sound speed in VO2. The direct visualization of localized structural changes in the time domain opens a new avenue to study mesoscopic processes in driven systems.
Enhanced four-wave mixing dynamics in epitaxial quantum dot laser on silicon (2022)

The four-wave mixing conversion efficiency of quantum dot laser is much higher than that of quantum well. These results are important for self-mode-locked pulse production and high-bandwidth optical frequency comb generation.
Multi-Core Fiber Lasers (2015)

The operation of multi-core fiber lasers with and without supermode selection will be discussed. Supermode specific gain measurements and roundtrip losses, as well as the dynamic behavior of multi-core fiber lasers will be presented.
Investigations on Surge Current Capability of SiC Schottky Diodes by Implementation of New Pad Metallizations (2010)

In this paper we describe how a merged pn Schottky diode (MPS diode) is capable to drive surge current levels far beyond the normal current of the diode and how to improve the device in order to achieve even higher surge current levels. For a sine half wave of 10 µs an 8A MPS diode (size: 2.52mm2) with conventional Al pad metallization shows surge current levels of greater than 500A, using Cu it can be increased to ~900A. For 10ms pulse length a different behaviour was observed, here diodes with Al pad metallization show a higher surge current level (80A) compared to Cu pad metallization (~ 40A). The root cause for this negative result at longer pulse time is based in a chemical interaction between Cu and the Schottky metal (Ti). Additionally, an outlook is given how Cu can contribute to improved surge current capability also at longer pulse lengths.