gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of supercapacitors for energy saving in overhead travelling crane drives (2009)

The paper suggests the use of supercapacitors in the bridge crane AC drives application, as storage auxiliary device connected in parallel with the main power source for energy saving. A sizing procedure is proposed. The design procedure of the storage system is derived from theoretical considerations. It leads to evaluate the ratings of all devices capable of satisfying the load requirements. Numerical results are reported in order to show the feasibility of proposed technical solution and to evaluate the energy saving.
Lifetimes and the dynamics of hydrogen bonds in liquid water (2006)

Based on Raman spectra of light, heavy, and half-heavy water in the region of O-H and O-D stretching vibrations and on the independent-oscillator model, it is shown that a peculiarity of the liquid state of water is the nonequivalence of O-H groups of water molecules in hydrogen bonding. The structure of liquid water and the mechanism of its molecular mobility are considered in this context.
Cross-mode coherences and decoupling of equations for mode intensities in two-dimensional and three-dimensional fluctuating ocean. (2009)

Sound waves propagating in the ocean are scattered by internal waves (IWs) and spice. A modal approach for studies of low-frequency, long-range sound propagation in a fluctuating ocean seems to be the most adequate. This approach has been employed in a number of works, including recently published papers [A. G. Voronovich and V. E. Ostashev, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 125, 99–110 (2009)] and [J. A. Colosi and A. K. Morozov, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 124, 2598 (2008)]. Based on these two papers, in this presentation important aspects of sound scattering in a fluctuating ocean are considered for both two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) geometries. First, we compare equations for the coherence function of a sound field in 2-D and 3-D fluctuating ocean. Then, decoupling of equations for the mode intensities from equations for the cross-mode coherences is studied for the two geometries. Numerical examples of evolution of the mode intensities and cross-mode coherences with range are presented and discussed. Finally, insonification of an acoustic shadow zone by sound waves scattered by IWs is studied. [Work supported by ONR.]
Legal and Ethical Considerations for the Design and Use of Web Portals for Researchers, Clinicians, and Patients: Scoping Literature Review (Preprint) (2020)

<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> This study aims to identify a novel potential use for web portals in health care and health research: their adoption for the purposes of rapidly sharing health research findings with clinicians, scientists, and patients. In the era of precision medicine and learning health systems, the translation of research findings into targeted therapies depends on the availability of big data and emerging research results. Web portals may work to promote the availability of novel research, working in tandem with traditional scientific publications and conference proceedings. </sec> <sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> This study aims to assess the potential use of web portals, which facilitate the sharing of health research findings among researchers, clinicians, patients, and the public. It also summarizes the potential legal, ethical, and policy implications associated with such tools for public use and in the management of patient care for complex diseases. </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> This study broadly adopts the methods for scoping literature reviews outlined by Arskey and O’Malley in 2005. Raised by the integration of web portals into patient care for complex diseases, we systematically searched 3 databases, PubMed, Scopus, and WestLaw Next, for sources describing web portals for sharing health research findings among clinicians, researchers, and patients and their associated legal, ethical, and policy challenges. Of the 719 candidate source citations, 22 were retained for the review. </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> We found varied and inconsistent treatment of web portals for sharing health research findings among clinicians, researchers, and patients. Although the literature supports the view that portals of this kind are potentially highly promising, they remain novel and are not yet widely adopted. We also found a wide range of discussions on the legal, ethical, and policy issues related to the use of web portals to share research data. </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> We identified 5 important legal and ethical challenges: privacy and confidentiality, patient health literacy, equity, training, and decision-making. We contend that each of these has meaningful implications for the increased integration of web portals into clinical care. </sec>
Inhibitor of growth protein 3 epigenetically silences endogenous retroviral elements and prevents innate immune activation (2021)

Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are subject to transcriptional repression in adult tissues, in part to prevent autoimmune responses. However, little is known about the epigenetic silencing of ERV expression. Here, we describe a new role for inhibitor of growth family member 3 (ING3), to add to an emerging group of ERV transcriptional regulators. Our results show that ING3 binds to several ERV promoters (for instance MER21C) and establishes an EZH2-mediated H3K27 trimethylation modification. Loss of ING3 leads to decreases of H3K27 trimethylation enrichment at ERVs, induction of MDA5-MAVS-interferon signaling, and functional inhibition of several virus infections. These data demonstrate an important new function of ING3 in ERV silencing and contributing to innate immune regulation in somatic cells.
Raman scattering: a coherent mediator for quantum technologies (2012)

Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is a powerful tool for the manipulation and articulation of quantum systems. I will discuss SRS as a tool to mediate the transfer of coherence between light and matter, and describe some practical applications in the development of quantum technologies.
Encapsulated cells producing retroviral vectors for in vivo gene transfer (2002)

Abstract Background Because gene therapy of the future will primarily take an in vivo approach, a number of problems associated with its current implementation exist. Currently, repeated delivery of a vector in vivo is necessary to ensure adequate transfer of the therapeutic gene. This may lead to the development of an immune response against the vector, thus interfering with gene delivery. To circumvent this problem, retroviral vector packaging cells that permanently produce recombinant retroviral vector particles have been encapsulated. Methods Vector (pBAG)‐producing amphotropic cells were encapsulated in beads composed of polymerized cellulose sulphate. These capsules were analysed in vitro for expression of the vector construct using X‐gal staining, as well as for the release of particles by performing RT‐PCR from culture supernatant. Infectivity studies were performed in vitro and in vivo . The latter was assayed using histological sections of the microcapsule and the surrounding area stained for β‐galactosidase activity and by RT‐PCR. Results In culture, the virus‐producing cells inside the capsules remained viable and released virus into the culture medium for at least 6 weeks. To test whether these capsules, upon implantation into mice, also release vector virions that infect the surrounding cells, two different models were used. In the first, capsules were implanted in the fat pad of the mammary gland of Balb/c mice. The capsules were well tolerated for at least 6 weeks and a self‐limiting inflammatory reaction without any other gross immune response was observed during this period. Furthermore, the virus‐producing cells remained viable. In the second model, SCID mice were immunologically reconstituted by subcutaneous implantation of thymus lobes from MHC‐identical Balb/c newborn mice and gene transfer into lymphoid cells was achieved by retroviral vectors released by co‐implanted capsules. Conclusion The implantation of such capsules containing cells that continually produce retroviral vector particles may be of use for in vivo gene therapy strategies. The data presented demonstrate the feasibility of the concept. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Observation of a Spin-Peierls Transition in a Heisenberg Antiferromagnetic Linear-Chain System (1975)

Magnetic-susceptibility and EPR measurements are reported which provide the first unambiguous evidence for a spin-Peierls transition in a system of linear one-dimensional antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chains. The material studied is TTFCu${\mathrm{S}}_{4}$${\mathrm{C}}_{4}$${(\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{F}}_{3})}_{4}$ (TFF stands for tetrathiafulvalinium). At 12 K, the spin-lattice system undergoes a second-order phase transition to a singlet ground state.
Understanding the linking possibilities in Scottish Records and an algorithmic approach to full linkage (2018)

In this paper we systematically analyse all of the linkage possibilities that may be formed using Scottish birth, death and marriage records. We distinguish entity linkage, in which a single individual is identified as appearing in two records, and relationship linkage in which relationships between the individuals appearing on records are established. We identify a subset of the linkages that are possible which we call strong linkage opportunities in which links are established using many fields. Using multiple strong linkage opportunities and the relationships between different actors on the records we show how linkage confidence may be increased. Finally we demonstrate how these links may be combined to perform full linkage over the Scottish records being digitised in the Digitising Scotland project.
Precision of posttraumatic primary orbital reconstruction using individually bent titanium mesh with and without navigation: a retrospective study (2013)

Measurements demonstrate that even in comminuted orbital fractures true-to-original reconstruction is feasible.
The changing pattern of severe acute renal failure (1996)

Summary: The pattern of severe acute renal failure has changed considerably over the past 2 decades. Severe acute renal failure is now most commonly seen in the intensive care unit and is just one of the manifestations of the multi‐organ dysfunction syndrome. the pathogenesis of severe acute renal failure is complex involving decreased renal perfusion, humorally mediated renal vasoconstriction and local migration and activiation of inflammatory cells. the initial final common pathway to renal injury seems to be outer medullary ischaemia. Protection from renal dysfunction in critically ill patients must therefore be directed toward sufficient haemodynamic resucitation to avoid inadequate medullary perfusion. Such perfusion is highly dependent on the maintenance of optimal intravascular filling, adequate cardiac output and, importantly, adequate renal perfusion pressure. In these patients, such renal perfusion pressure can often only be maintained if vasopressor agents are used and titrated to keep the mean arterial pressure at the highest effective and safe level (mean arterial pressure of approximately 80–85 mmHg in most septic patients). If severe acute renal failure develops despite full medical support, renal replacement therapy becomes necesary. There is now a growing worldwide trend toward the use of continuous haemofiltration techniques as the preferred mode of renal replacement therapy. Such techniques provide important practical advantages and, in many cases, are the only form of renal replacement therapy that the patient is able to tolerate. Continous haemofiltration also appears to provide not only outstanding haemodynamic stability but also some membrane adsorption and removal of the humoral mediators of sepsis. This makes continuous haemofiltration a particularly attractive approach to renal support and is responsible for this treatment now being the leading form of acute renal replacement therapy in Australia. After a relatively static period, the area of acute renal failure management is rapidly evolving and offering some promise of a level of support able to match the illness severity associated with it.
Ductility at the nanoscale: Deformation and fracture of adhesive contacts using atomic force microscopy (2007)

Fracture of nanosize contacts formed between spherical probes and flat surfaces is studied using an atomic force microscope in an ultrahigh vacuum environment. Analysis of the observed deformation during the fracture process indicates significant material extensions for both gold and silica contacts. The separation process begins with an elastic deformation followed by plastic flow of material with atomic rearrangements close to the separation. Classical molecular dynamics studies show similarity between gold and silicon, materials that exhibit entirely different fracture behavior at macroscopic scale. This direct experimental evidence suggests that fracture at nanoscale occurs through a ductile process.
A Compact 60GHz Power Amplifier using Slow- Wave Transmission Lines in 65nm CMOS (2013)

International audience
Shear wave elastography for lipid content detection in transverse arterial cross-sections (2015)

Rupture of plaques in atherosclerotic carotid arteries is a main cause of stroke. Plaques with a large soft lipid-rich core are more prone to rupture than predominantly fibrous, stiff plaques. Detecting and monitoring the presence of lipids in plaques noninvasively and fast remains challenging. Ultrasound shear wave elastography is fast and noninvasive. Experimental studies showed that detection of locally softer regions in vessel-mimicking phantoms is possible. However, these studies only report imaging in a longitudinal imaging plane. Since it is not possible to detect lipids over the full vessel circumference when imaging in a longitudinal plane, this study investigates the feasibility of shear wave elastography in transverse imaging planes. A SuperSonic Imagine Aixplorer equipped with a linear array probe was used to induce shear waves in vessel-mimicking polyvinylalcohol phantoms of varying dimensions and shear moduli using a single focused ultrasonic push (300 μs). The push was followed by 0° plane wave acquisitions (n = 100, PRF ≥ 10 kHz) to detect the axial motion induced in the vessel wall. To visualize the generated circumferentially propagating shear waves, axial motion maps were created showing the axial phase shift as a function of circumferential position for circular paths in the vessel wall. Approximately linearly propagating wave fronts were observed for all phantoms as a function of circumferential position. For homogeneous phantoms, one wave was observed, which made a roundtrip, whereas a slow and a fast wave were observed in two-layered `soft plaque' phantoms suggesting that soft lipid-rich regions can be detected. Finally, preliminary in vivo results were obtained in a volunteer using a Verasonics ultrasound system which confirmed that creation of circumferentially propagating waves is also possible in vivo. Based on these observations we conclude that shear wave elastography in transverse imaging planes is feasible and promising for lipid-core detection in plaques of superficial arteries.
Low voltage fault attacks to AES (2010)

This paper presents a new fault based attack on the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) with any key length, together with its practical validation through the use of low voltage induced faults. The CPU running the attacked algorithm is the ARM926EJ-S: a 32-bit processor widely deployed in computer peripherals, telecommunication appliances and low power portable devices. We prove the practical feasibility of this attack through inducing faults in the computation of the AES algorithm running on a full fledged Linux 2.6 operating system targeted to two implementations of the ARM926EJ-S on commercial development boards.
Budget-based reliability management to handle impact of thermal issues in 16nm technology (2016)

We handle the thermal impact on FEOL and BEOL reliability by using new aging simulation flow and EM checking flow which is considering thermal coupling effects from both FinFET SHE and metal wire JHE. We demonstrated how the budget-based reliability checking flow works with thermal issues and showed that it checks product risk more rigorously and less conservatively. It results in providing more freedom to circuit designers by allowing higher temperature increase and thus helping them to achieve high performance circuit.
Velocity and acceleration estimation of Doppler weather radar/lidar signals in colored noise (2002)

The authors are interested in estimating the Doppler shift occurred in weather radar returns, which yields precipitation velocity information. Conventional techniques including the pulse pair processor rely heavily on the assumption that the additive noise is white and hence their performance degrades when the noise color is unknown. Because the data length for a given range gate is usually small, the authors employ the high resolution MUSIC algorithm to estimate the Doppler shift. The challenge lies not only in proving that MUSIC is applicable to weather radar signals which are affected by multiplicative noise, but also in showing that MUSIC is robust when the additive noise is colored. The resulting algorithm can also be used to infer wind speed from a small number of lidar observations where the velocity is approximately constant. Assuming linear shear over a longer range, they employ the ambiguity function to estimate the acceleration and instantaneous wind velocity. Real weather radar and lidar data as well as simulated examples are provided to illustrate the performance of the algorithms.
A study on the dielectric constant of microcapsules during ageing (1988)

Gelatin and methylcellulose microcapsules with and without sulphadiazine were compressed into compacts. The dielectric constant of these compacts was measured at regular intervals during ageing at 45 degrees C. An initial sharp fall in dielectric constant is followed by a progressive increase. Dielectric constant could be a parameter to study the changes occurring in microcapsules during ageing.
Modification of the Lignin Structure during Alkaline Delignification of Eucalyptus Wood by Kraft, Soda-AQ, and Soda-O2Cooking (2013)

The modification of the lignin structure of an eucalyptus feedstock during alkaline delignification by kraft, soda-AQ, and soda-O2 cooking processes has been investigated by different analytical techniques (size exclusion chromatography (SEC), pyrolysis gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (Py-GC/MS), 1H–13C two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D-NMR), and 31P NMR). The characteristics of the lignins were compared at different pulp kappa levels, and with the native lignin isolated from the wood. The structural differences between the kraft, soda-AQ, and soda-O2 residual lignins were more significant at earlier pulping stages. At the final stages, all the lignin characteristics were similar, with the exception of their phenolic content. Strong differences between lignins from pulps and cooking liquors were observed, including enrichment in guaiacyl units in pulp residual lignin and enrichment in syringyl units in black liquor lignin. A comparison of the alkaline cookings indicate that soda-O2 process produced higher lignin degradation and provided promising results as pretreatment for the deconstruction of eucalyptus feedstocks for subsequent use in lignocellulose biorefineries.
PreLatPUF: Exploiting DRAM Latency Variations for Generating Robust Device Signatures (2019)

Physically unclonable functions (PUFs) are potential security blocks to generate unique and more secure keys in low-cost cryptographic applications. Dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) has been proposed as one of the promising candidates for generating robust keys. Unfortunately, the existing techniques of generating device signatures from DRAM is very slow, destructive (destroy the current data), and disruptive to system operation. In this paper, we propose precharge latency-based PUF (PreLatPUF) that exploits DRAM precharge latency variations to generate signatures. The proposed PreLatPUF is fast, robust, least disruptive, and non-destructive. The silicon results from commercially available DDR3 chips from different manufacturers show that the proposed key generation technique is at least ~1,192X faster than the existing approaches, while reliably reproducing the key in extreme operating conditions.
Expression and distribution of the intermediate filament protein nestin and other stem cell related molecules in the human olfactory epithelium. (2010)

The olfactory epithelium (OE) is unique in regenerating throughout life and thus is an attractive target for examining neurogenesis. The nestin protein was shown to be expressed in the OE of rodents and is suggested to be essentially involved in the process of regeneration. Here we report the expression and distribution of nestin in the human OE at RNA and protein level. Moreover, we analysed the expression profiles in dependence on age and olfactory capacity. After sinus surgery, biopsies were taken from the olfactory epithelium of 16 patients aged 20-80 years with documented differences in their olfactory function. Our studies revealed that nestin is constantly detectable in the apical protuberances of sustentacular cells within the human OE of healthy adults. Its expression is not dependent on age, but rather appears to be related to the olfactory function, as a comparison with specimens obtained from patients suffering either from persistent anosmia or hyposmia suggests. Particularly, in the course of dystrophy, often accompanied with impaired olfaction, nestin expression was occasionally decreased. Contrarily, the expression of the p75-NGFR protein, a marker for human OE basal cells, was not altered, indicating that at least in the tested samples olfactory impairment is not connected with abnormalities at the basal cell level. These observations emphasize an essential role of nestin for the process of regeneration, and also highlight this factor as a candidate marker for sustentacular cells in the human olfactory epithelium.