gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of pro-apoptotic (p53, p21, bax, bak and fas) and anti-apoptotic (bcl-2 and bcl-x) proteins in serous versus mucinous borderline ovarian tumours (2005)

Although p53 overexpression was a common feature of both mucinous and serous borderline tumours, p21 and bcl-2 overexpression appeared specific to serous tumours.
Structural Insights on Tiny Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA) Analogues of miRNA-34a: An in silico and Experimental Integrated Approach (2020)

In the present work, structural features of the interaction between peptide nucleic acid (PNA)-based analogs of the tumor-suppressor microRNA-34a with both its binding sites on MYCN mRNA were investigated. In particular, the region from base 1 to 8 ("seed" region) of miR-34a was reproduced in the form of an 8-mer PNA fragment (tiny PNA), and binding to target 3'UTR MYCN mRNA, was studied by a seldom reported and detailed NMR characterization, providing evidence for the formation of anti-parallel duplexes with a well-organized structural core. The formation of PNA-3'UTR duplexes was also confirmed by Circular Dichroism, and their melting curves were measured by UV spectroscopy. Nevertheless, this study offered a valuable comparison between molecular dynamics predictions and experimental evidence, which showed great correlation. Preliminary uptake assays were carried out in Neuroblastoma Kelly cells, using short peptide conjugates as carriers and FITC fluorescent tag for subcellular localization. Moderate internalization was observed without the use of transfecting agents. The reported results corroborate the interest toward the design and development of chimeric PNA/RNA sequences as effective RNA-targeting agents.
Full-length ORF2 sequence-based genetic and phylogenetic characterization of Korean feline caliciviruses (2021)

Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a highly infectious pathogen in cats and widely distributed worldwide with high genetic variation. Full-length open reading frame 2 of 5 from recently isolated Korean FCV isolates were sequenced and compared with those of global isolates. The results of phylogenetic analysis supported dividing global FCV isolates into two genogroups (type I and II) and demonstrated the presence of genogroup II in Korea, indicating their geographic spread in East Asia. High sequence variations in region E of the FCV isolates emphasizes that a novel vaccine needs to be developed to induce protective immunity against various FCV strains.
A High Stiffness Boom to Increase the Moment-Arm for a Propulsive Attitude Control System on FalconSAT-3 (2003)

Small satellite missions requiring attitude control can realize significant mass savings by extending the moment arm of a propulsion-based system. Replacing traditional torque rods and reaction wheels with small thrusters on extendable booms can significantly reduce the mass of the ACS. Small satellite buses pose significant integration challenges when incorporating electric micro-thrusters. Generally these satellites have low power capability and small geometries. This impacts attitude determination and control system (ADACS) thruster performance significantly, as it results in low thrust capability (due to power limitations) and small torque moment arms (due to size limitations). To address these technical challenges, the Air Force Research Laboratory is developing a lightweight deployable boom for extending the moment arm of Busek Inc.’s Micro-Propulsion Attitude Control System (MPACS). Specific engineering requirements include increased stiffness, integrated power, and a telemetry wiring harness embedded within the boom’s multi-functional structure. A major design goal is to standardize a modular integration with satellites using the Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) Secondary Payload Adapter (ESPA). Therefore, the boom is designed to stow within the ESPA interface port, a surface region that is generally unused on ESPA satellites. Deployment of the boom is accomplished with a series of elastic-memory composite (EMC) hinges that extend a multi-functional composite structure to a total length of 4 meters. Gravity-gradient stabilization for tip and roll control is abetted by a 6.2-kg tip mass, comprised of the MPACS micro-thrusters and integrated batteries used to power the boom deployment. The boom design effort is currently underway for the United States Air Force Academy’s (USAFA) FalconSAT-3 (FS3) satellite, manifested for launch in 2006 as a secondary payload on the MLV-06 Space Test Program ESPA flight.
An extensible type system for wide-area information management (2002)

The advent of usable information access systems like the World-Wide Web has placed vast amounts of information within easy reach of users. However, the volume of information complicates information access and quickly overwhelms users. To overcome the complexity of wide-area information management, the next generation of information systems must facilitate applications to locate, retrieve and customize the information. This paper talks about the type management in the Synopsis File System, an experimental wide-area file system for information management. The type system supports dynamic type extension so that new file types can be integrated with existing file types.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Abstract 4091: Evaluating the efficacy of a STING agonist in a murine model of prostate cancer (2019)

Abstract Despite the promise of checkpoint inhibitor therapy, prostate cancer has remained resistant to this treatment. Innate immune agonists, however, have been shown to have anti-tumor effects in various cancer types, such as melanoma and colon cancer, and have been nominated to be used in combination with approved anti-PD1/PD-L1 drugs. For instance, STING agonist + anti-PD-1 combination therapy has been demonstrated in a syngeneic mouse model of melanoma. Other innate immune agonists, such as TLR7/8 and TLR9 have also been shown to have potential anti-tumor effects. We hypothesized that innate immune agonists may be effective in the MycCaP syngeneic mouse model of prostate cancer. To compare the efficacy of three innate agonists targeting the STING (3’3’ cGAMP), TLR7/8 (CL097), and TLR9 (ODN2395) pathways, FVB mice were first injected bilaterally with MycCaP subcutaneous tumors. Upon establishment of tumors, mice were administered 3 doses of a single-sided intratumoral injection of each drug. The injected tumors had responses of 50% (6/12), 23% (3/13), and 8% (1/13) for the STING, TLR7/8 and, TLR8 agonists, respectively. Contralateral tumors showed no significant regression. Published data have reported inherent resistance of MycCaP tumors to anti-PD-1 treatment in vivo. Given our results, we hypothesize that the addition of a STING agonist could enhance efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy in this model. Mice with MycCaP tumors were administered anti-PD1 alone (n=10) or in combination with bilateral injections of the STING agonist (n=14). Combined therapy resulted in significant reduction in tumor size (71%) compared to anti-PD1 alone (9%). Additionally, there was a significant increase in the Ifnb1 (p=.04), Ifng (p=.008), Tnf-α (p=.006), IRF3 (p=.003) and II6 (p&amp;lt;.0001) gene expression in the combination group showing enhancement of the STING pathway genes. Combined, these findings suggest that targeting the STING pathway may have a modest local anti-tumor effect when compared to other innate immune pathways in prostate cancer. The efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy was significantly enhanced when combined with a STING agonist, possibly through enhancement STING pathway genes. Our data suggest that combination therapy with a STING agonist and anti-PD1 therapy may have potential anti-tumor efficacy in prostate cancer. Future studies will examine these effects on both local and abscopal tumors. Citation Format: Jonathan Gurkan, Jae Eun Choi, Jean Tien, Marcin Cieślik, Luigi Franchi, Arul M. Chinnaiyan. Evaluating the efficacy of a STING agonist in a murine model of prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4091.
SYD985, a novel HER2-targeting antibody-drug conjugate in preclinical models for USC, both in vitro and in vivo. (2015)

e16527 Background: Uterine serous carcinoma (USC) is an aggressive endometrial cancer that carries a poor prognosis. Up to 35% of USC overexpress HER2/neu oncogene at strong (3+) levels while 45% do at moderate (2+) or low (1+) levels. SYD985 (Synthon Biopharmaceuticals BV, Nijmegen, The Netherlands) is a novel HER2-targeting antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of mAb trastuzumab linked to a potent DNA-alkylating agent (duocarmycin). The objective of the study was to explore the anti-tumor activity of SYD985 in USC with different HER2 expression and to compare SYD985 to trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) in vitro and in vivo. Methods: Nine primary USC cell lines were evaluated for HER2 expression. Cytotoxicity of SYD985 and T-DM1 was evaluated after exposing cell lines with 1+, 2+, and 3+ HER2 expression for 6-days. Viability assays were performed using propidium iodide-based flow cytometry. Results: SYD985 was 55-115 times more potent when compared to T-DM1 in cell lines with 1+/2+ HER2 expression. In a HER2 1+ the IC50’s for SYD985 and T-DM1 were 0.065 µg/mL and 3.58 µg/mL, respectively (p = 0.004) and in HER2 2+ cell lines the IC50’s were 0.016 µg/mL and 1.82 µg/mL, respectively (p = 0.005). In HER2 3+ cell lines a statistical trend was noted; IC50’s were 0.011 µg/mL and 0.035 µg/mL, respectively (p = 0.06). In a 3+ xenograft model a treatment effect was noted at equal dosages of T-DM1 and SYD985 (single injection of 10 mg/kg) at 7 days (p = .01). With single-injection SYD985 at 3 mg/kg and T-DM1 at 10 mg/kg, a treatment effect was noted at 21 days (p = 0.03). A survival advantage was noted between both SYD985 3 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg compared to T-DM1 10mg/kg at 21 days (p = 0.03 and p = 0.03, respectively). Conclusions: SYD985 is a novel ADC with remarkable activity against USC with strong (3+), moderate (2+), and low (1+) HER2 expression. SYD985 is significantly more potent than T-DM1 in comparative in vitro experiments. Preliminary experiments in USC xenografts not responsive to T-DM1 demonstrate remarkable in vivo activity of SYD985. In vivo experiments in HER2 2+ and 1+ mouse xenograft models are ongoing. Clinical studies with SYD985 in USC patients overexpressing HER2 and disease resistant to chemotherapy are warranted.
Functionalization of microparticles with mineral coatings enhances non-viral transfection of primary human cells (2017)

Gene delivery to primary human cells is a technology of critical interest to both life science research and therapeutic applications. However, poor efficiencies in gene transfer and undesirable safety profiles remain key limitations in advancing this technology. Here, we describe a materials-based approach whereby application of a bioresorbable mineral coating improves microparticle-based transfection of plasmid DNA lipoplexes in several primary human cell types. In the presence of these mineral-coated microparticles (MCMs), we observed up to 4-fold increases in transfection efficiency with simultaneous reductions in cytotoxicity. We identified mechanisms by which MCMs improve transfection, as well as coating compositions that improve transfection in three-dimensional cell constructs. The approach afforded efficient transfection in primary human fibroblasts as well as mesenchymal and embryonic stem cells for both two- and three-dimensional transfection strategies. This MCM-based transfection is an advancement in gene delivery technology, as it represents a non-viral approach that enables highly efficient, localized transfection and allows for transfection of three-dimensional cell constructs.
UV absorption spectra of H2O/HNO3 films (1996)

The ultraviolet (UV) absorption spectra were measured for amorphous and crystalline H 2 O/HNO 3 films representative of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs). Film compositions were determined using laser induced thermal desorption (LITD). Pure HNO 3 films showed a broad absorption peak with a maximum absorbance at λ ≈ 195 nm. The absorbances of amorphous H 2 O/HNO 3 films were also broad and peaked at λ=196–198 nm. The absorption cross sections increased slightly for more dilute films, although the band shape was nearly independent of the H 2 O content This increase in cross section was consistent with a change in the absorbing species from molecular HNO 3 to ionic NO 3 − . The major absorbing species in crystalline NAT, NAD, and NAM is also NO 3 − and these films all had very similar UV absorption spectra. Their absorption peaks were all at λ ≈ 200 nm and the band shapes were nearly identical.
21st Century Locomotive Technology: Quarterly Technical Status Report 9 DOE/AL68284-TSR09 (2005)

Locomotive-scale single cylinder engine with common rail fuel injection data was gathered to explore the fuel consumption and particulate matter emissions entitlement. A structured experiment on thermal spray application of polymer based compressor abradables was begun. Turbine performance improvements were found due to metallic abradables coatings. Hybrid energy storage battery ripple current and long-term cycling tests have been performed. Final track test of advanced energy management system was performed. Fuel optimization computational methods have been enhanced, and a prototype real-time graphic interface developed.
Supplementary Figures S1-S9 from A DNA-Interacting Payload Designed to Eliminate Cross-Linking Improves the Therapeutic Index of Antibody–Drug Conjugates (ADCs) (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S1. Structural representations and scheme for preparation of IGN ADCs. Figure S2A. In vitro potency comparing ADCs of an IGN DNA cross-linker and DNA alkylator. Figure S2B. In vitro potency comparing ADCs of an IGN DNA cross-linker and DNA alkylator. Figure S3. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) assessment. Figure S4. In vivo antitumor activity comparing ADCs of an IGN DNA cross-linker and DNA alkylator. Figure S5. Single-dose ADC tolerability in CD-1 mice. Figure S6. Bystander killing assessment. Figure S7. Synthesis of a radiolabeled ADC. Figure S8. Identification of DNA adducted catabolites by LC/MS. Figure S9. Pharmacokinetic profiles.&lt;/p&gt;
A standard cell automated layout for a CMOS 50 MHz 8*8 bit pipelined parallel Dadda multiplier (2003)

An 8*8 bit pipelined parallel multiplier which uses the Dadda scheme is presented. The multiplier has been implemented in a 3- mu m n-well CMOS process with two layers of metal using a standard cell automatic placement and routing program. The design uses a form of pipelined carry look-ahead adder in the final stage of summation, thus providing a significant contribution to the high performance of the multiplier. The design is expected to operate at a clock frequency of at least 50 MHz and has a flush time of seven clock cycles. The design illustrates a possible method of implementing an irregular architecture in VLSI using multiple levels of low-resistance, low-capacitance interconnect and automated layout techniques.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Quantitative 129Xe MRI detects early impairment of gas-exchange in a rat model of pulmonary hypertension (2020)

Hyperpolarized <sup>129</sup>Xe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is capable of regional mapping of pulmonary gas-exchange and has found application in a wide range of pulmonary disorders in humans and animal model analogs. This study is the first application of <sup>129</sup>Xe MRI to the monocrotaline rat model of pulmonary hypertension. Such models of preclinical pulmonary hypertension, a disease of the pulmonary vasculature that results in right heart failure and death, are usually assessed with invasive procedures such as right heart catheterization and histopathology. The work here adapted from protocols from clinical <sup>129</sup>Xe MRI to enable preclinical imaging of rat models of pulmonary hypertension on a Bruker 7 T scanner. <sup>129</sup>Xe spectroscopy and gas-exchange imaging showed reduced <sup>129</sup>Xe uptake by red blood cells early in the progression of the disease, and at a later time point was accompanied by increased uptake by barrier tissues, edema, and ventilation defects-all of which are salient characteristics of the monocrotaline model. Imaging results were validated by H&E histology, which showed evidence of remodeling of arterioles. This proof-of-concept study has demonstrated that hyperpolarized <sup>129</sup>Xe MRI has strong potential to be used to non-invasively monitor the progression of pulmonary hypertension in preclinical models and potentially to also assess response to therapy.
Biodegradable porous micro/nanoparticles with thermoresponsive gatekeepers for effective loading and precise delivery of active compounds at the body temperature (2022)

Stimuli-responsive controlled delivery systems are of interest for preventing premature leakages and ensuring precise releases of active compounds at target sites. In this study, porous biodegradable micro/nanoparticles embedded with thermoresponsive gatekeepers are designed and developed based on Eudragit RS100 (PNIPAM@RS100) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) via a double emulsion solvent evaporation technique. The effect of initiator types on the polymerization of NIPAM monomer/methylene-bis-acrylamide (MBA) crosslinker was investigated at 60 °C for thermal initiators and ambient temperature for redox initiators. The crosslinked PNIPAM plays a key role as thermal-triggered gatekeepers with high loading efficiency and precise release of a model active compound, Nile Blue A (NB). Below the volume phase transition temperature (T<sub>VPT</sub>), the gatekeepers possess a swollen conformation to block the pores and store NB within the cavities. Above its T<sub>VPT</sub>, the chains rearrange, allowing gate opening and a rapid and constant release rate of the compound until completion. A precise "on-off" switchable release efficiency of PNIPAM@RS100 was demonstrated by changing the temperatures to 4 and 40 °C. The materials are a promising candidate for controlled drug delivery systems with a precise and easy triggering mechanism at the body temperature for effective treatments.
A self-regulating oscillator for sensor operation of nanoelectromechanical systems (2013)

A closed-loop oscillator topology is proposed for dynamic sensor operation of nanoelectromechanical systems, benefiting from the structure's quality factor. Automatic adaptation to diverse sensors' properties is achieved via a self-regulating phase-locked loop, making the topology widely usable. A low-noise programmable harmonic LC oscillator forms the cornerstone of its design. Integrated in a 180 nm technology, a tuning range from 600 MHz to 770 MHz is obtained.
A 2.5-3.125 Gb/s quad transceiver with second order analog DLL based CDRs (2004)

This paper describes a 2.5-3.125 Gb/s quad transceiver with second order analog DLL based clock and data recovery (CDR). The proposed CDR can tolerate large frequency offsets with no jitter tolerance degradation. Fabricated in a 0.15 /spl mu/m CMOS process, the 1.9 mm/sup 2/ transceiver front-end operates from a single 1.2 V supply and consumes 65 mW/channel of which 32 mW is due to the CDR. The CDR jitter generation and high-frequency jitter tolerance are 5.9 psec-rms and 0.5 UI, respectively, when a 3.125 Gb/s 2/sup 23/-1 PRBS data with 800 ppm frequency offset is applied.
Fluorescent Heterodoped Nanotetrapods as Synergistically Enhancing Positive and Negative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents (2016)

In this work, we report Mn-Fe heterodoped ZnSe tetrapod nanocrystals (NCs) synthesized to synergistically enhance contrast in both T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The proposed NCs were prepared using a customized heteroarchitecture such that the manganese (Mn) is confined in the core and iron (Fe) in the branches of the tetrapods. The elemental composition and profile of these NCs were studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. Photoluminescence quantum yield of these heterodoped NCs in water is ∼30%. Magnetic measurements reveal the simultaneous presence of superparamagnetic and paramagnetic behavior in these NCs because of the coexistence of Mn(2+) and Fe(2+) dopants. Their potential as simultaneous positive and negative MRI contrast agents was demonstrated by relaxivity measurements and in vivo MRI. From the in vivo studies, we also found that these NCs (with a hydrodynamic diameter of 20 nm) are excreted from the body within 24 h after the injection. Therefore, these heterodoped tetrapods NCs, while being fluorescent and safe, hold great future as a synergistically enhancing dual-modal MRI contrast agent.
Evaluation of a Segmentation-Based Reconstruction Scheme for Fluorescence-Enhanced Diffusion Optical Tomography (2005)

A reconstruction scheme based on the resolution of the light diffusion adjoint problem by the Finite Element Method for fluorescence-enhanced tomography is presented. Prior knowledge is introduced via a segmentation performed on a rough pre-reconstruction.
Simplified and Low-Cost Characterization of Medium-Voltage Low-Power Voltage Transformers in the Power Quality Frequency Range (2022)

The distribution network is experiencing a massive deployment of intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) such as energy meters, protective devices, and phasor measurement units (PMUs). This phenomenon resulted, on the one hand, in (i) the availability of distributed measurement systems capable of monitoring and collecting measurements from the distribution network, and (ii) increasing awareness of the system operator about the status of the network. On the other hand, such a significant number of devices require to be characterized, over the years, and assessed in both sinusoidal and distorted conditions. However, the characterization process may require a huge investment of money and time considering the low availability of reference instruments and accredited laboratories. To this purpose, this paper presents a simple and fast test procedure, performed with cheap and low-voltage instrumentation, to characterize two off-the-shelf low-power medium-voltage sensors in the power quality frequency range. In detail, the paper describes the measurement setup developed for the characterization and the performed tests. In addition, the method was also reproduced with reference equipment for validation purposes. Lastly, for both tests, an uncertainty evaluation was performed to quantify the goodness of the proposed method. From the results, it is possible to appreciate that the designed cheap and simple test can achieve as accurate results as those of a sophisticated and expensive equipment.