gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of (S)‐2‐Chloroalkanoic Acids (S)‐(V) with High Enantiomeric Excess by Diastereoselective Halogenation of α‐D‐ Glucofuranose‐Derived Silyl Ketene Acetals (III). (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Macromolecular Engineering and Additive Manufacturing of Polyisobutylene‐Based Thermoplastic Elastomers. II. The Poly(styrene‐b‐isobutylene‐b‐styrene)/Poly(phenylene oxide) System (2022)

This series of publications describes research rendering soft polyisobutylene (PIB)-based thermoplastic elastomers 3D printable by blending with rigid chemically compatible thermoplastics. The molecular structure, morphology, physical properties, and 3D printability of such blends have been systematically investigated. The authors' first report was concerned with the rendering of soft poly(styrene-b-isobutylene-b-styrene) (SIBS) 3D printable by blending with rigid polystyrene (PS). Here they report the macromolecular engineering of SIBS/polyphenylene oxide (PPO) blends for 3D printing. PPO, a rigid high-performance thermoplastic, is compatible with the hard PS block in SIBS; however, neither PPO nor SIBS can be directly 3D printed. The microphase-separated structures and physical properties of SIBS/PPO blends are systematically tuned by controlling blending ratios and molecular weights. Suitable composition ranges and desirable properties of SIBS/PPO blends for 3D printing are optimized. The morphology and properties of SIBS/PPO blends are characterized by an ensemble of techniques, including atomic force microscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering, and thermal and mechanical properties testing. The elucidation of processing-structure-property relationship of SIBS/PPO blends is essential for 3D printing and advanced manufacturing of high-performance polymer systems.
Characterization of chitosan and rare‐earth‐metal‐ion doped chitosan films (1997)

Abstract A systematic study has been made on the influence of doped rare‐earth metal ions (Er 3+ and Nd 3+ ) on the molecular interaction present in thin films fabricated from chitosan‐acetic acid solutions (chitosan/HAc). FT‐IR spectroscopy (including NIR, MIR and FIR) coupled with X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicate a weak complexation between the metal ions and amine groups of chitosan. Specifically, the FIR spectra show broad bands near 550, 480 and 250 cm −1 for the doped films suggestive of metal ion‐ligand vibrations. XPS indicates multiple chemical states of N with an increased percentage of a higher binding energy state nitrogen caused by a weak interaction with the doped metal ions. Slight differences in microroughness between the doped and undoped films as observed by X‐ray reflectometry may also be related to the doping. The NIR and MIR spectra do not show any significant changes for all the doped and undoped films, implying that the basic molecular conformation of chitosan is not changed by the weak complexation.
A JFET-CMOS Technology for Low-Noise Sensor Interface Circuits (2003)

In this paper, fabrication technology and device characteristics of junction field effect transistor (JFET) which can be integrated in CMOS sensor interface circuits are presented. The JFET is applicable to CMOS (operational) amplifiers to realize a very low-noise front-end amplifier in sensor interface circuits. It is formed with isolated p-well area in CMOS device. Extra processes to a standard CMOS technology are one photolithography process and two ion-implantation processes. N-type channel in JFET is formed by deep ion-implantation of phosphorous with energy of 150 keV to connect n+ source and drain regions. After that, p-type top gate region is formed by shallow ion-implantation of borron with energy of 30 keV. Fabricated JFET devices showed enough transconductance and low drain conductance, which are suitable to use them in analog amplifiers. Noise power-spectrum of the fabricated JFET was evaluated, and compared with n-MOSFET and p-MOSFET. As a result, noise-spectrum of JFET below 1 kHz was much lower than that of CMOS devices. Since many physical sensors have their signal bandwidth in low frequency band, this JFET device can be utilized in CMOS-based front-end amplifiers as the key device of low-noise sensor interface circuits.
Ninety-six-hour paclitaxel infusion after progression during short taxane exposure: a phase II pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study in metastatic breast cancer. (1996)

Paclitaxel demonstrates activity against metastatic breast cancer when administered over 96 hours to patients with disease that recently had progressed during short taxane exposure. Delayed paclitaxel clearance and consequent increased toxicity occurred in patients with hepatic dysfunction. The activity observed supports preclinical data that suggest variability in efficacy and resistance patterns to paclitaxel based on duration of exposure.
In-Vivo Catheter-Based Imaging with Optical Coherence Tomography (1998)

The high incidence and mortality rate associated with complications resulting from coronary artery atherosclerosis dictate an important and immediate need for a new, high resolution, diagnostic imaging technology that would allow characterization of artery microstructure with a micron scale resolution. OCT allows catheter based, cross-sectional imaging of blood vessels with a 10-20 µm resolution and is ideally suited for in vivo imaging of arterial structure. Recently, OCT imaging was extended to in vitro pathology, including multiple studies on atherosclerotic arteries. OCT has also been directly compared with a 30 MHz, IVUS transducer. In addition to qualitatively superior resolution with respect to imaging plaque, OCT was demonstrated to be quantitatively superior. In vivo imaging was performed on normal, New Zealand White rabbits using a novel rapid data acquisition system which allows imaging at 4 frames per second. This work, focusing on dynamic changes, demonstrates that high resolution intravascular imaging can be performed in vivo using optical coherence tomography. Images at 10 µm resolution were obtained, representing an improvement of over 10X that of 'state of the art' IVUS transducers.
A sex-specific evolutionary interaction between ADCY9 and CETP (2021)

Pharmacogenomic studies have revealed associations between rs1967309 in the adenylyl cyclase type 9 (<i>ADCY9</i>) gene and clinical responses to the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) modulator dalcetrapib, however, the mechanism behind this interaction is still unknown. Here, we characterized selective signals at the locus associated with the pharmacogenomic response in human populations and we show that rs1967309 region exhibits signatures of positive selection in several human populations. Furthermore, we identified a variant in <i>CETP</i>, rs158477, which is in long-range linkage disequilibrium with rs1967309 in the Peruvian population. The signal is mainly seen in males, a sex-specific result that is replicated in the LIMAA cohort of over 3400 Peruvians. Analyses of RNA-seq data further suggest an epistatic interaction on <i>CETP</i> expression levels between the two SNPs in multiple tissues, which also differs between males and females. We also detected interaction effects of the two SNPs with sex on cardiovascular phenotypes in the UK Biobank, in line with the sex-specific genotype associations found in Peruvians at these loci. We propose that <i>ADCY9</i> and <i>CETP</i> coevolved during recent human evolution due to sex-specific selection, which points toward a biological link between dalcetrapib's pharmacogene <i>ADCY9</i> and its therapeutic target <i>CETP</i>.
Highly magnetic hybrid foams based on aligned tannic acid-coated iron oxide nanoparticles and TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (2023)

Lightweight iron oxide nanoparticle (IONP)/TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibril (TOCNF) hybrid foams with an anisotropic structure and a high IONP content were produced using magnetic field-enhanced unidirectional ice-templating. Coating the IONP with tannic acid (TA) improved the processability, the mechanical performance, and the thermal stability of the hybrid foams. Increasing the IONP content (and density) increased the Young's modulus and toughness probed in compression, and hybrid foams with the highest IONP content were relatively flexible and could recover 14% axial compression. Application of a magnetic field in the freezing direction resulted in the formation of IONP chains that decorated the foam walls and the foams displayed a higher magnetization saturation, remanence, and coercivity compared to the ice-templated hybrid foams. The hybrid foam with an IONP content of 87% displayed a saturation magnetization of 83.2 emu g<sup>-1</sup>, which is 95% of the value for bulk magnetite. Highly magnetic hybrid foams are of potential interest for environmental remediation, energy storage, and electromagnetic interference shielding.
Direct patterning of organic light-emitting devices by organic-vapor jet printing (2005)

We demonstrate small molecular weight, fluorescent organic light-emitting devices directly patterned by organic-vapor jet printing (OVJP). In OVJP, a hot inert carrier gas picks up a molecular organic vapor that expands when passed through a nozzle, resulting in physisorption of the molecules onto a cooled substrate. A (1cm)2 flat organic semiconductor thin film is achieved by sweeping the nozzle over the substrate to print closely spaced lines. Using an array of nozzles, multiple parallel stripes are simultaneously printed at a growth rate of 3.4Åcm2∕s. Organic heterostructure fluorescent-light-emitting devices consisting of a broad area hole transport layer, followed by a striped electron transport layer, both printed by OVJP, yield an external quantum efficiency of (0.84±0.03)%, which is comparable to that of similar devices deposited by vacuum thermal evaporation.
Direct laser writing of nonlinear properties in photosensitive glass (2011)

A 1030 nm pulsed femtosecond laser has been use to induce modifications in silver containing glass namely femto-photo luminescent glass (FPL) and Photo-thermo refractive glass (PTR). The 5W 10Mhz laser is focused at a depth of 200 &#956;m in the glass using a 0,52 NA objective. The output polarization of the laser is TM. The tailoring of the number of pulses, pulse energy and repetition rate is achieve by acousto-optic filtering. The interaction resulted in the creation of stable pipe-shaped silver clusters forming bellow refraction-limit 3D structures. Those nano-structures exhibit non-linear properties such as SHG and THG as well as fluorescence. Due to multiphoton absorption, free electrons are created in the central part of the beam, enabling the reduction of Ag<sup>+</sup> silver ions into Ag<sup>0</sup> and subsequently Ag<sub>m</sub><sup>X+</sup>. The cumulated thermal effect of the pulses weakens the glass matrix allowing the diffusion of the Ag<sub>m</sub><sup>X+</sup>. The ion concentration gradient creates a buried electric field enabling non-linear properties. Influences of polarization, dose and fluence on the nonlinear properties are investigated. Our explanation of the causes of SHG and THG are validated by the accordance between the theory and the measurement. Comparisons between theoretic model and our results showing accordance in the limits of out 2D model are demonstrated using different incoming polarizations.
Rainbow Perylene Monoimides: Easy Control of Optical Properties (2008)

Perylene dyes have been widely used as photoreceptors in organic photovoltaics because of their outstanding photo-, thermal and chemical stability as well as their excellent photophysical properties. Herein we describe a novel generation of perylene dyes based on N-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-perylene-3,4-dicarboximide. The optical properties of these novel perylenes can be finely tuned via the substituents in the 1-, 6- and 9-positions of the perylene core. The facile synthesis, tunable orbital and absorption properties, and electrochemical potentials help us to design efficient perylene sensitizers for solar-cell applications.
An 8*8 discrete cosine transform chip with pixel rate clocks (2002)

Image compression is an established means of meeting storage and transmission requirements for image data. One method is transform domain compression using the two-dimensional discrete cosine transform (DCT) on 8*8 image blocks. A 2- mu m CMOS chip that computes this transform in real-time using clocks that are no faster than the pixel rate is described. The architecture uses a distributed arithmetic processing scheme to compute two one-dimensional transforms interposed with an unconventional matrix transpose RAM. The design methodology that includes layout, simulation, verification and test, using a silicon compiler tool-set, is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Mass spectrometric detection of alkaline earth monohalide dications (1996)

Quadrupole mass spectrometry has been used to detect BaX2+ (X = F, Cl, Br, I), SrCl2+, CaBr2+, and MgBr2+. Dications were produced by electron bombardment of an effusive beam containing the stable alkaline earth monohalide radical precursor. All species but MgBr2+ are predicted to be thermodynamically stable. MgBr2+ is likely to be metastable but with a lifetime sufficiently long to allow its detection in the millisecond timescale. Simple arguments are presented for the expected trends in stability.
Radiostyrning av strålkastare : Remotcontrol for searchlights on boats (2000)

We have construkted a remotcontrol for boatsearchlights. The prototype is devolept for Fixonomen AB, a small company from Halmstad in the southwest of Sweden. The wireless link consists of an radi ...
HSPA Evolution (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Discontinuous Transmission and Reception (DTX/DRX) Circuit Switched Voice on HSPA Enhanced FACH and RACH Downlink MIMO and 64QAM Dual Cell HSDPA and HSUPA Multicarrier and Multiband HSDPA Uplink 16QAM Terminal Categories Layer 2 Optimization Single Frequency Network (SFN) MBMS Architecture Evolution Summary References
S3. Methods for ellagic acid, urolithin A, quercetin, and resveratrol pharmacokinetics from Muscadine Grape Skin Extract (MPX) in Men with Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Cancer: A Randomized, Multicenter, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial (2023)

&lt;p&gt;S3 provides detailed descriptions of methods used in pharmacokinetic assays.&lt;/p&gt;
Treating Helicobacter pylori infection after surgery is unnecessary (1998)

EDITOR—We read with interest the systematic review by Danesh and colleagues of the prevalence of infection with Helicobacter pylori among patients after surgery.1 The overall prevalence of H pylori infection after partial gastrectomy was 50% and after vagotomy was 83%. This finding …
Three-level converters with selective Harmonic Elimination PWM for HVDC application (2010)

In a voltage source converter (VSC) based HVDC system, the modulation scheme used is an important factor in achieving a desired harmonic performance with allowable semiconductor losses. In this paper, the use of selective Harmonic Elimination Pulse Width Modulation (HEPWM) for a three-level Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) converter in VSC based HVDC application will be discussed. Steady state performance of the converter system in terms of harmonics and losses will be evaluated using MATLAB and PSCAD/EMTDC simulation. Simulation results show a 37% improvement in total semiconductor loss with better harmonic performance by using the three-level solution compared to the two-level solution with the stated modulation scheme.
Accelerating Restarted GMRES With Mixed Precision Arithmetic (2021)

The generalized minimum residual method (GMRES) is a commonly used iterative Krylov solver for sparse, non-symmetric systems of linear equations. Like other iterative solvers, data movement dominates its run time. To improve this performance, we propose running GMRES in reduced precision with key operations remaining in full precision. Additionally, we provide theoretical results linking the convergence of finite precision GMRES with classical Gram-Schmidt with reorthogonalization (CGSR) and its infinite precision counterpart which helps justify the convergence of this method to double-precision accuracy. We tested the mixed-precision approach with a variety of matrices and preconditioners on a GPU-accelerated node. Excluding the incomplete LU factorization without fill in (ILU(0)) preconditioner, we achieved average speedups ranging from 8 to 61 percent relative to comparable double-precision implementations, with the simpler preconditioners achieving the higher speedups.
Dosimetric properties of Tb-doped LiF/CaF<sub>2</sub> eutectic composite (2021)

We have developed a LiF/CaF2:Tb eutectic composite as a novel thermoluminescence (TL) dosimetric material. The LiF/CaF2:Tb eutectic composite was obtained using a melt-solidification method with a lower melting temperature than that of LiF and CaF2. The results of the PL emission and excitation spectra, the X-ray induced radioluminescence decay curve, and the TL emission spectrum indicate that the emissions of LiF/CaF2:Tb eutectic composite are due to 4f-4f transitions of the Tb3+ ion. The integrated TL intensity of the LiF/CaF2:Tb eutectic composite was 3.6 times higher than that of the commercial CaSO4:Tm dosimetric material that is known to show a relatively high TL intensity. The dose response curve of the LiF/CaF2:Tb eutectic composite was measured and the lower detection limit was 0.01 mGy which is the lowest value among the LiF/CaF2 based composites.
Optimizing interoperability between video-oculographic and electromyographic systems (2011)

A new system is presented that enhances the interoperability between a video-oculographic (VOG) system for mouse movement control and an electromyographic (EMG) system for mouse click detection. The proposed VOG-EMG system combines gaze and muscle information to minimize the number of undesired clicks due to involuntary activations and environmental noise. We tested the system with 24 subjects, comparing three different configurations: one in which the VOG and EMG systems worked independently and two in which we used VOG gaze information to improve the EMG click detection. Results show that the number of false-positive click detections can be reduced when VOG and EMG information is combined. In addition, the third configuration, including extra processing, can reduce the activation delay produced because of the combined use of the VOG and EMG systems. The new VOG-EMG system is meant to be used in noisy environments in which the number of false clicks may impeach a reliable human-computer interaction.
Transcriptional control of the invasion regulatory gene virB of Shigella flexneri: activation by virF and repression by H-NS (1993)

Expression of invasion genes encoded by the large 230-kb plasmid of Shigella flexneri is controlled by the virB gene, which is itself activated by another regulator, virF. Transcription of the invasion genes is temperature regulated, since they are activated in bacteria grown at 37 but not at 30 degrees C. Recently, we have shown that the thermoregulated expression of invasion genes is mediated by thermal activation of virB transcription (T. Tobe, S. Nagai, B. Adler, M. Yoshikawa, and C. Sasakawa, Mol. Microbiol. 5:887-893, 1991). It has also been shown that a mutation that inactivates H-NS, the product of virR (hns), derepresses transcription of virB. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying virB activation, we determined the location of the transcription start site and found it to be 54 bp upstream of the 5' end of the virB coding sequence. Deletion analysis revealed that transcriptional activation by virF requires a DNA segment of 110 bp extending upstream of the transcription start site. By using a protein binding assay with crude extracts of S. flexneri harboring the malE'-'virF fusion gene, which was able to activate virB transcription, two protein species, one of 70 kDa (MalE'-'VirF fusion) and another of 16 kDa (H-NS), were shown to bind specifically to the virB promoter region. DNA footprinting analysis indicated that the VirF fusion and H-NS proteins bound to the upstream sequence spanning from -17 to -117 and to the sequence from -20 to +20, in which virB transcription starts, respectively. In an vitro transcription assay, the VirF fusion protein was shown to activate virB transcription while the H-NS protein blocked it. virB activation was seen only when negatively supercoiled DNA was used as a template. In in vivo studies, virB transcription was significantly decreased by adding novobiocin, a gyrase inhibitor, into the culture medium while virB transcription was increased by mutating hns. These in vitro and in vivo studies indicated that transcription of virB is activated through VirF binding to the upstream sequence of the virB promoter in a DNA-topology-dependent manner and is directly repressed by H-NS binding to the virB transcription start site.
Fibre-reinforced hydrogels with high optical transparency (2014)

Fibre-reinforced hydrogels with high optical transparency are an emerging composite material with great promise to enable new applications, such as a transparent wound dressing with custom tuned mechanical properties that provides desirable mechanical and physical properties along with optical clarity for facile wound inspection. Stand-alone hydrogels are an important class of materials comprising a cross-linked polymer network surrounded by a water matrix. However, their mechanical properties are typically very modest compared with other materials. While significant research is going on in parallel in the fields of hydrogels and reinforcement fibres, researchers are only starting to scratch the surface of the possibilities of combining the two. This report provides a review of natural and synthetic reinforcement fibre research with special emphasis placed on nanofibres. These provide the added benefit of transparency by being much smaller than the wavelength of visible light. A review of hydrogel materials is also presented. The mechanical properties, optical properties and biological functionality of hydrogel systems are also described. Ocular, load-bearing tissue, wound management and sensing/device applications are all discussed. Transparent fibre-reinforced hydrogels provide a compelling potential solution to enable advanced functionality, in particular in the wound care and optical application areas.
Myopia, Axial Length, and Age-Related Cataract: The Singapore Malay Eye Study (2013)

Our study shows that myopia, but not AL, was associated with nuclear cataract, supporting the concept of index myopia with aging. Myopia, especially high myopia, may predispose to PSC cataract formation. Clinically, ophthalmologists should be aware that risk of PSC cataract appears to vary by refractive status.
The human olfactory receptor repertoire (2001)

The identification and cloning of all functional human odorant receptor genes is an important initial step in understanding receptor-ligand specificity and combinatorial encoding of odorant stimuli in human olfaction.