gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recurrent lung collapse due to unidentified phrenic nerve injury after cardiac surgery. (2009)

Partial or complete recurrent lung collapse after cardiac surgery is one cause of failure to wean from ventilator support, and frequently leads to multiple reintubations and prolonging intensive care unit and hospital stays. A 79-year-old female underwent uneventful coronary artery bypass surgery and was extubated on the first postoperative day (POD). On POD 2, a routine portable chest X-ray (CXR) revealed complete opacification of the left hemithorax. The patient was readmitted to the Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit (CVICU) and electively intubated, and bronchoscopy revealed a left mainstem bronchus mucous plug. The patient was extubated uneventfully the same day. A CXR on the next day revealed recurrent total collapse of the left lung, which this time was successfully treated non-invasively with intermittent CPAP mask, percussive therapy, and respiratory treatments using acetylcysteine solution. After several days, the left lung collapsed again, necessitating reintubation and repeat bronchoscopy. With Pulmonary medicine present, the patient was subsequently extubated so that bronchoscopy could be performed while the patient was breathing spontaneously. This examination revealed dynamic collapse of the left lower lobe bronchus. A sniff test was performed and revealed an immobile left hemi-diaphragm. The patient gradually became stronger, and as the airway edema subsided, she was able to be managed on the regular nursing floor with intermittent CPAP mask treatments and mucolytics. Although uncommon, one documented cause of failure to wean from mechanical ventilation is diaphragmatic dysfunction. This finding is often delayed because it requires a sniff test in an extubated patient to make the diagnosis.
Recent Advances in Disinfection By-Products (2015)

The disinfection of drinking water was an outstanding public health achievement of the 20th century. Disinfection by-products (DBPs) are the unintended consequence of reactions between disinfectants with organic and halide precursors in the source water. Exposure to DBPs is associated with unfavorable health effects from cancer induction to adverse pregnancy outcomes, yet the forcing agents responsible are largely unknown. Of over 600 DBPs identified, only 11 are regulated by the U.S. EPA and in many studies these are not the most toxic DBPs. Identified DBPs represent less than half of the total organic halogen in drinking water and only ~80 DBPs have been evaluated by systematic quantitative toxicological analyses. Epidemiological studies are hampered by problems with exposure metrics and the suite of DBPs present in drinking water. Although the last decade experienced increased interdisciplinary collaborations amongst chemists, biologists, epidemiologists and engineers, resolving the risks of DBPs follows a dated paradigm. A new integrated approach is required to determine the contaminants in source and drinking waters that increase health risks and to provide the foundation for novel disinfection practices. We suggest the following areas in resolving adverse health effects of DBPs: 1) identification and occurrence of emerging DBPs especially iodinated-DBPs and nitrogenous-DBPs, 2) quantitative, comparative in vitro toxicology of DBPs and DBP classes, 3) a nationwide analysis on the toxicity of drinking waters, 4) determining the impact of DBP precursors and mixture effects on water toxicity, 5) understanding the molecular mechanisms of DBP toxicity, 6) identification of sensitive subpopulations to DBP toxicity, 7) employment of analytical chemistry and toxicity information as an essential part of epidemiological studies, and 8) engineering research on disinfection based on toxic outcomes.
Oxygen release behavior of metastable tetragonal t′meta-(Ce0.5Zr0.5)2 phases prepared by reduction and successive oxidation of t′ phase (2001)

Tetragonal CaF2-related-type t′-/Ce0.5Zr0.5)O2 phase was reduced at 773 K ≤ Tred. ≤ 1073 K to prepare precursors with various oxygen compositions: Ce2Zr2O712d /0.111 < δ < 0.379). Metastable tetragonal t′meta-(Ce0.5Zr0.5)O2 phases were prepared by oxidizing in O2 at 873 K the precursors, and subjected to evolved oxygen gas analysis by heating the samples at a constant rate. When the precursor was prepared at Tred: ‹ 773 K; i.e. δ ‹ 0:379; the oxygen release behavior of the tetragonal phase agreed approximately with that of the t′. For δ < 0.29, distinct features of the t′meta-(Ce0.5Zr0.5)O2 appeared in the XRD results and Raman spectra. The temperature exhibiting the maximum release rate of oxygen from the t′meta became lower with decreasing the d value. It could be concluded that the thermodynamic behavior of the t′meta is related closely to the precursor composition and becomes more unstable with decrease in the δ value. The t′ and t′meta phases with disordered arrangement of Ce and Zr ions may belong to the same space group; nevertheless, difference in the random arrays of the Ce and Zr ions was suggested on the basis of the present experimental results.
[Effects of Baidanhuang lavage fluid nasal irrigation on the postoperative patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps]. (2013)

The perioperative application of BLFNI could alleviate postoperative mucosal inflammation, shorten the cavity cleaning time, speed up the process of epithelization, improve the QOL, and elevate the operative efficacy. Its therapeutic roles were more prominent within perioperative 1.5-3 months.
An Evaluation of Active Noise Control in a Cylindrical Shell (1989)

This paper examines the physical mechanisms governing the use of active noise control in an extended volume of a cylindrical shell. Measured data were compared with computed results from a previously derived analytical model based on infinite shell theory. For both the analytical model and experiment, the radiation of external monopoles is coupled to the internal acoustic field through the radial displacement of the thin, elastic, cylindrical shell. An active noise control system was implemented inside the cylinder using a fixed array of discrete monopole sources, all of which lie in the plane of the exterior noise sources. Good agreement between measurement and prediction was obtained for both internal pressure response and overall noise reduction. Attenuations in the source plane greater than 15 dB were recorded along with a uniformly quieted noise environment over an indicative length inside the experimental model. Results indicate that for forced responses with extended axial distributions, axial arrays of control sources may be required. Finally, the Nyquist criteria for the number of azimuthal control sources is shown to provide for effective control over the full cylinder cross section.
Blood-based host biomarker diagnostics in active case finding for pulmonary tuberculosis: A diagnostic case-control study (2021)

National Institutes of Health (R01 AI130058 and R01 AI149620) and Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq-404182/2019-4).
Open circuit voltage enhancement due to reduced dark current in small molecule photovoltaic cells (2009)

We demonstrate high open circuit voltage photovoltaic cells achieved by reducing the electron leakage current through the introduction of both organic and inorganic electron blocking layers between the donor layer and the anode contact. As an example, the blocking layers reduce the dark current in tin (II) phthalocyanine (SnPc)∕C60 solar cells with response across the visible and near infrared spectral region up to a wavelength of 1000nm, is decreased by two orders of magnitude compared to cells lacking the layers, resulting in a doubling of the open circuit voltage. The structure: indium tin oxide/electron blocker/SnPc (100Å)∕C60 (400Å)/bathocuproine (100Å)∕Al, has a power conversion efficiency of (2.1±0.1)% at 1sun, standard AM1.5G solar illumination. This work demonstrates the importance of reducing dark current to achieve high organic thin film photovoltaic cell efficiencies.
Evaluating mononuclear cells as nanoparticle delivery vehicles for the treatment of breast tumors (2015)

In breast cancer, certain types of circulating immune cells respond to long-range chemical signals from tumors by leaving the blood stream to actively infiltrate tumor tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether immune cells could be used to deliver therapeutic nanoparticles into breast tumors in mice. Mononuclear splenocytes (MS) were harvested from donor mice, labeled with Indium-111, injected intravenously into immune-competent recipient mice (3 tumor-bearing and 3 control), and imaged longitudinally by SPECT/CT. For comparison, the biodistribution of bonemarrow derived macrophages (BMDM) in one pair of mice was also imaged. Quantitative analysis of the SPECT images demonstrates that, after 24 hours, the concentration of MS detected in mammary tumors is more than 3-fold higher than the concentration detected in normal mammary glands. The ratio of MS concentration in mammary tissue to MS concentration in non-target tissues (muscle, lung, heart, liver, spleen, and kidney) was enhanced in tumor-bearing mice (compared to controls), with statistical significance achieved for mammary/muscle (p&lt;0.01), mammary/lung (p&lt;0.05), and mammary/kidney (p&lt;0.05). By contrast, BMDM did not show a different affinity for tumors relative to normal mammary tissue. MS were incubated with 100 nm red fluorescent nanoparticles, and flow cytometry demonstrated that ~35% of the MS population exhibited strong phagocytic uptake of the nanoparticles. After intravenous injection into tumor-bearing mice, fluorescence microscopy images of tumor sections show qualitatively that nanoparticle-loaded MS retain the ability to infiltrate mammary tumors. Taken together, these results suggest that MS carriers are capable of actively targeting therapeutic nanoparticles to breast tumors.
Synthesis and Characterization of Polysilanes (1991)

Abstract Polysilanes are polymers with a linear Si-Si catenation in the main chain and with two organic substituents at each silicon atom: They possess interesting physical and chemical properties and have potential commercial importance [1-3]. Molecular weights of polysilanes are often larger than M, = 1,000,000 and they usually behave as thermoplastic materials which are soluble in typical organic solvents. The high catenation degree can only be matched by carbon-based chains, polygermanes, and polysulfur. Polysilanes formally resemble polyole-fins, but there are a number of very important differences between these two classes of polymers
Optically induced dynamic nuclear spin polarisation in diamond (2016)

Abstract The sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) depends strongly on nuclear spin polarisation and, motivated by this observation, dynamical nuclear spin polarisation has recently been applied to enhance MRI protocols (Kurhanewicz et al 2011 Neoplasia 13 81). Nuclear spins associated with the 13C carbon isotope (nuclear spin I = 1/2) in diamond possess uniquely long spin lattice relaxation times (Reynhardt and High 2011 Prog. Nucl. Magn. Reson. Spectrosc. 38 37). If they are present in diamond nanocrystals, especially when strongly polarised, they form a promising contrast agent for MRI. Current schemes for achieving nuclear polarisation, however, require cryogenic temperatures. Here we demonstrate an efficient scheme that realises optically induced 13C nuclear spin hyperpolarisation in diamond at room temperature and low ambient magnetic field. Optical pumping of a nitrogen-vacancy centre creates a continuously renewable electron spin polarisation which can be transferred to surrounding 13C nuclear spins. Importantly for future applications we also realise polarisation protocols that are robust against an unknown misalignment between magnetic field and crystal axis.
Ublituximab and ibrutinib for previously treated genetically high-risk chronic lymphocytic leukemia: Results of the GENUINE phase 3 study. (2017)

7504 Background: Patients (pts) with high-risk chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) defined by interruptions in TP53 (either by mutation or deletion) or loss of chromosome 11q experience inferior outcomes with ibrutinib (IB) monotherapy (O’Brien ASH 2016). Ublituximab (UTX) is a novel glycoengineered mAb with enhanced ADCC targeting a unique epitope on the CD20 antigen. GENUINE is the first randomized Ph 3 trial conducted assessing the addition of a novel agent to ibrutinib in high-risk rel/ref CLL, and evaluates IB monotherapy vs. UTX + IB. Methods: Eligible pts with rel/ref CLL and centrally confirmed del17p, del11q, and/or a TP53 mutation were randomized 1:1 to receive IB (420 mg QD) alone or with UTX (900 mg on D1, 8, 15 of Cycle 1, D1 of Cycle 2-6, and Q3 Cycles thereafter). There was no limit on number of prior therapies. Prior IB exposure was excluded. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR) per iwCLL 2008 criteria, with secondary endpoints including CR rate, MRD negativity, PFS, time to response (TTR) and safety. Results: 126 pts were randomized at sites in the US and Israel, with 117 pts treated (59 on UTX + IB, 58 on IB alone). Median age 67, median 3 prior therapies (range 1-8), &gt; 70% of were male. High-risk cytogenetics were relatively balanced with ~ 50% of pts having del17p. UTX+IB was well tolerated, with infusion reactions the most prevalent AE (44%, GR3/4 5%). Neutropenia was comparable with the combination (17%, Gr3/4 7% vs. 10%, Gr3/4 9%), and other AE’s were similar or lower with UTX+IB vs. IB alone (all grades), including fatigue (17% vs. 31%), dizziness (12% vs. 21%), contusion (12% vs. 26%), anemia (10% vs. 16%), and myalgia (9% vs. 14%). At median follow-up of 12 mo, best ORR per independent central review was 80% for UTX + IB vs. 47% for IB alone (p &lt; 0.001). While not powered for secondary endpoints, observed advantages were seen in PFS and radiographic CR rate in the UTX + IB arm. CR and MRD confirmation is ongoing. Median TTR for the combo was 1.97 mo vs. 3.8 mo for IB alone. Both arms have responses pending confirmatory assessments. Conclusions: The addition of UTX to IB demonstrated a superior response rate compared to IB alone without additional clinically significant toxicity. Clinical trial information: NCT02301156.
Role of chromosome 3p12-p21 tumour suppressor genes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: analysis of VHL dependent and VHL independent pathways of tumorigenesis (2000)

These findings further indicate that VHL inactivation is not sufficient to initiate clear cell renal cell carcinoma and that loss of a gatekeeper 3p21 tumour suppressor gene is a crucial event for renal cell carcinoma development in both VHL negative and VHL positive clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
Springback of Coiled Springs after Cold Working (1965)

Simple formulae are presented for the springback ratio of coiled springs for various types of combined load of practical interests. For the analysis of deformation in the cold working process, the rigid, perfectly plastic theory under the combined loading is employed, and further, "proportional deformation" in the coiling process is assumed. The deformation in the springback process is, then, analysed under the assumption of the quasi-elastic behavior. For the case of the coiling through pure bending, several experiments are performed. The experimental data are in good agreement with those predicted by the present theory, equally well as with laborious Gardiner's elasto-plastic solution.
Characterisation of PHEMT intermodulation behaviour for highly linear MMIC power amplifier design (2002)

In this paper the intermodulation distortion (IMD) behaviour of a 0.25 power PHEMT is investigated under several device operating conditions. An extensive experimental device characterisation, together with numerical simulations using suitable non-linear transistor models is carried out. Experimental data were compared with different transistor models in order to understand the effect of the various cell parameters on the device IMD3 response. The data collected were applied in the design of a highly linear power amplifier family, covering different frequency ranges.
Detecting Arrivals in Room Impulse Responses With Dynamic Time Warping (2014)

The detection of early reflections in room impulse responses is of importance to many algorithms including room geometry inference, mixing time determination and speech dereverberation. The detection of early reflections can be hampered by increasing reflection width, as the direct sound undergoes reflection and by overlapping of the reflections, as the reflection density grows. This paper investigates the use of Dynamic Time Warping upon a direct sound pulse to estimate the temporal distribution of arrivals in room impulse responses. Bounded Dynamic Time Warping is performed, after an initial correlation of the direct sound with the remaining signal, to further refine the arrival's location and duration and to find arrivals which may otherwise not correlate well with the un-warped direct sound due to a change in the reflection's shape. Dynamic Time Warping upon concatenated versions of the direct sound is also used to help find overlapping reflections which may otherwise go undetected. Warping is performed via a set of warp matrices which can be combined together and can also be inverted via a quickly calculated left pseudo-inverse. The algorithm presented is compared to two current methods of arrival detection and is shown to detect a lesser number of spurious arrivals than either of these algorithms.
On the Use of Home Node Bs for Emergency Telemedicine Applications in Various Indoor Environments (2012)

The use of emergency telemedicine applications at the site of a medical emergency event provides a multitude of benefits, both from the perspective of the patient and the emergency care providers. Innovations in rich multimedia telemedicine solutions further enhances the aforementioned benefits, but places more stringent quality-of-service demands on the underlying mobile networks. In this paper, the authors present a proposal for a complementary solution for rapid provisioning of mobile broadband data connectivity for emergency telemedicine applications in indoor environments. The proposed solution relies on the exploitation of existing femtocellular network resources available at emergency sites in various residential building types. Simulations carried out for a UMTS network environment demonstrate significant improvements in terms of achievable throughput for the emergency mobile terminal device when access to UMTS Home Node Bs available in the building is allowed for emergencies compared to macro Node B access only.
Reducing Office Plug Loads through Simple and Inexpensive Advanced Power Strips: Preprint (2013)

This paper documents the process (and results) of applying Advanced Power Strips with various control approaches.
Growth of Micropipe Free Crystals on 4H-SiC {03-38} Seeds (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
013 Product Acceptability and Women's Satisfaction with a Low-dose Solubilized Vaginal Estradiol Softgel Capsule, TX-004H (2017)

To evaluate product acceptability and women’s satisfaction with TX-004HR, a small, tear-shaped, muco-adhesive, softgel capsule containing a low dose of solubilized 17β-estradiol. A 5-question, product satisfaction survey was administered as part of the 12-week, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 3 REJOICE trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of TX-004HR 4 μg, 10 μg, and 25 μg in 764 postmenopausal women with vulvar and vaginal atrophy and moderate to severe dyspareunia. Pearson’s coefficient analyses were performed to evaluate any correlations between clinical outcomes (changes in superficial and parabasal cells, vaginal pH, dyspareunia, and vaginal dryness) and product acceptability. Majority of the women (89.3%) taking TX-004HR or placebo reported that the product was “easy to use,” and similarly, 80.1% rated the ease of capsule insertion as “good” to “excellent.” A significantly greater percentage of women were either “satisfied” or “very satisfied” (68.5%-76.3%) with TX-004HR versus placebo (56.8%, P < 0.05 for all). Significantly more women “somewhat” or “very much” preferred TX-004HR (68%, 62%, and 71% taking TX-004HR 4 μg, 10 μg, and 25 μg, respectively) over their previous treatment compared with those who received placebo (52%; P < 0.05 for all). More women from the TX-004HR groups (72.8% to 80.5%) would also “probably” or “definitely” consider using the product again versus placebo (62.5%; P < 0.05 for all). Satisfaction and the percentage of women who would consider using study treatment again were inversely correlated with change in the severity of dyspareunia and vaginal dryness.
Antigen‐Specific Tolerance Induced by Autoimmunization with Photoinactivated Syngeneic Effector Cellsa (1991)

Development of a protocol that could invoke specific suppression of an undesired immune response, while sparing normal immune competence, would be of great clinical value. This report demonstrates that multiple infusions of splenocytes sensitized in vivo to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and photoinactivated in vitro with 8-methoxypsoralen and ultraviolet A light can render a syngeneic recipient selectively unresponsive to subsequent challenge with this antigen. Mice treated in this fashion did not develop a T cell-mediated delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction to SRBC. In contrast, control mice exposed to nonimmune splenocytes pretreated in an identical manner developed a normal DTH response to SRBC, thereby demonstrating that drug and light in the absence of effector T cells were not suppressive. Inhibition of the DTH response was antigen specific, since animals rendered unresponsive to SRBC developed a normal DTH response to chicken red blood cells. Cell transfer experiments demonstrated that unprimed recipients of splenocytes from mice rendered unresponsive to SRBC could not mount a DTH reaction when challenged. Moreover, this procedure can also suppress established immunity to that antigen. The use of photoinactivated syngeneic antigen-reactive effector cells as immunosuppression agents suggests that this method may be clinically useful in inhibiting pathogenic antigen-specific immunologic reactions.
EUV photolithography mask inspection using Fourier ptychography (2018)

Fourier ptychography is a computational imaging techniques that combines various full-field coherent images acquired under varied illumination angles and combined to yield a angular spectrum with a large synthetic numerical aperture and non-interferometric phase information. We present here the implementation of this technique in a full-field soft x-ray microscope designed to emulate modern EUV lithography tools imaging conditions, and we show that this technique can be used for the study of EUV photomasks. The technique allows us to quantitatively characterize phase defects (predominant in EUV lithography), to study new mask designs made of phase structures, to study sub-resolution assist features and extend the resolution of the microscope down to 26-nm, correspond to the N1 technology node.