gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Long Term Gas Condensate Well Productivity Using Pressure Transient Data (2005)

Abstract Conventional composite models can be used to calculate gas condensate well skin values including that due to condensate banking. However, the calculated skin varies in time as the fluid properties and gas and condensate fractional flow change, hence, making estimation of long term performance of a well unreliable. The dependency of gas and condensate mobility on the flow rate at near well bore conditions makes the problem more challenging. We have addressed this issue by developing an analytical method to use transient well test data to determine gas-condensate relative permeability, accounting for the rate effect, which makes future performance prediction a more reliable task. Synthetic well test data have been generated by a commercial compositional numerical simulator with and without the rate effect. The impact of including the rate effect in the simulated cases on well test analysis results has been evaluated. The results show that for the cases analysed that the derivative of pressure responses does not necessarily always exhibit a three-radial composite behaviour due to condensate banking, when the rate effect is present, though such behaviour could be exhibited in some cases. Our developed analytical methodology is based on a technique that allows estimating the reservoir pressure as a function of distance from the well, at the end of the drawdown period, using the bottom-hole pressure value before the shut-in. Once this reservoir pressure profile is available, the actual reservoir pressure gradient as a function of distance is determined, which can be used to calculate the values of gas and condensate relative permeability. Therefore, we show for the first time that it is possible to calculate from pressure transient data the near well gas and oil relative permeability values accounting for the rate effect. The well must be shut in at the bottom of the hole to avoid any wellbore storage effect on pressure build-up. We also show that the size of the two-phase region can be predicted with excellent accuracy using an analytical approach.
Circuit-based SEM contour OPC model calibration (2007)

In order to achieve the necessary OPC model accuracy, the requisite number of SEM CD measurements has exploded with each technology generation. At 65 nm and below, the need for OPC and/or manufacturing verification models for several process conditions (focus, exposure) further multiplies the number of measurements required. SEM-contour based OPC model calibration has arisen as a powerful approach to deliver robust and accurate OPC models since every pixel now adds information for input into the model, substantially increasing the parameter space coverage. To date however, SEM contours have been used to supplement the hundreds or thousands of discreet CD measurements to deliver robust and accurate models. While this is still perhaps the optimum path for high accuracy, there are some cases where OPC test patterns are not available, and the use of existing circuit patterns is desirable to create an OPC model. In this work, SEM contours of in-circuit patterns are utilized as the sole data source for OPC model calibration. The use scenario involves 130 nm technology which was initially qualified for production with the use of rule-based OPC, but is shown to benefit from model based OPC. In such a case, sub-nanometer accuracy is not required, and in-circuit features can enable rapid development of sufficiently accurate models to provide improved process margin in manufacturing.
An implantable antenna designed for ease of manufacturing (2016)

ABSTRACT This article describes an improved method of manufacturing PIFA antennas for medical implants, and associated design considerations. The antenna is manufactured “upside down,” by molding the silicone superstrate first, placing the radiating element against it, and then pouring epoxy into the mold to form the substrate. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:619–623, 2016
Exposures Exposed: A Measurement and User Study to Assess Mobile Data Privacy in Context (2020)

Mobile devices have access to personal, potentially sensitive data, and there is a large number of mobile applications and third-party libraries that transmit this information over the network to remote servers (including app developer servers and third party servers). In this paper, we are interested in better understanding of not just the extent of personally identifiable information (PII) exposure, but also its context i.e., functionality of the app, destination server, encryption used, etc.) and the risk perceived by mobile users today. To that end we take two steps. First, we perform a measurement study: we collect a new dataset via manual and automatic testing and capture the exposure of 16 PII types from 400 most popular Android apps. We analyze these exposures and provide insights into the extent and patterns of mobile apps sharing PII, which can be later used for prediction and prevention. Second, we perform a user study with 220 participants on Amazon Mechanical Turk: we summarize the results of the measurement study in categories, present them in a realistic context, and assess users' understanding, concern, and willingness to take action. To the best of our knowledge, our user study is the first to collect and analyze user input in such fine granularity and on actual (not just potential or permitted) privacy exposures on mobile devices. Although many users did not initially understand the full implications of their PII being exposed, after being better informed through the study, they became appreciative and interested in better privacy practices.
Identification of the enzyme involved in the reduction of hydrpxycinnamic acids as an alternative metabolism to decarboxylation in Lactobacillus plantarum (2017)

Póster presentado a la VII International Conference on Environmental Industrial and Applied Microbiology, celebrada en Madrid (España) del 18 al 20 de octubre de 2017.
Metastable Ion (2016)

This document contains recommendations for terminology in mass spectrometry. Development of standard terms dates back to 1974 when the IUPAC Commission on Analytical Nomenclature issued recommendations on mass spectrometry terms and definitions. In 1978, the IUPAC Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy updated and extended the recommendations and made further recommendations regarding symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations. The IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy’s Subcommittee on Mass Spectroscopy revised the recommended terms in 1991 and appended terms relating to vacuum technology. Some additional terms related to tandem mass spectrometry were added in 1993 and accelerator mass spectrometry in 1994. Owing to the rapid expansion of the field in the intervening years, particularly in mass spectrometry of biomolecules, a further revision of the recommendations has become necessary. This document contains a comprehensive revision of mass spectrometry terminology that represents the current consensus of the mass spectrometry community.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Field Analysis and 3D‐Quantitative Structure—Activity Relationship Study (MFA 3D‐QSAR) Unveil Novel Features of Bile Acid Recognition at TGR5. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Supplementary Data from Longitudinal Single-Cell Dynamics of Chromatin Accessibility and Mitochondrial Mutations in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Mirror Disease History (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary methods, Table S1, supplementary figures 1-9&lt;/p&gt;
Silicon/Carbon Nanotube Photocathode for Splitting Water (2013)

A proof-of-concept device is being developed for hydrogen gas production based on water-splitting redox reactions facilitated by cobalt tetra-aryl porphyrins (Co[TArP]) catalysts stacked on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) that are grown on n-doped silicon substrates. The operational principle of the proposed device is based on conversion of photoelectron energy from sunlight into chemical energy, which at a later point, can be turned into electrical and mechanical power. The proposed device will consist of a degenerately n-doped silicon substrate with Si posts covering the surface of a 4-in. (approximately equal to 10cm) wafer. The substrate will absorb radiation, and electrons will move radially out of Si to CNT. Si posts are designed such that the diameters are small enough to allow considerable numbers of electrons to transport across to the CNT layer. CNTs will be grown on top of Si using conformal catalyst (Fe/Ni) deposition over a thin alumina barrier layer. Both metallic and semiconducting CNT will be used in this investigation, thus allowing for additional charge generation from CNT in the IR region. Si post top surfaces will be masked from catalyst deposition so as to prevent CNT growth on the top surface. A typical unit cell will then consist of a Si post covered with CNT, providing enhanced surface area for the catalyst. The device will then be dipped into a solution of Co[TArP] to enable coating of CNT with Co(P). The Si/CNT/Co [TArP] assembly then will provide electrons for water splitting and hydrogen gas production. A potential of 1.23 V is needed to split water, and near ideal band gap is approximately 1.4 eV. The combination of doped Si/CNT/Co [TArP] will enable this redox reaction to be more efficient.
Anti-HIV Alkaloids fromToddalia asiatica (1995)

Abstract Bioassay-directed fractionation of a Toddalia asiatica (Rutaceae) extract concentrated anti-HIV activity into fractions rich in quaternary alkaloids. Nitidine (1), a benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloid, and magnoflorine (2), an aporphinoid alkaloid, have been isolated and identified from these fractions. In an in vitro XTT-based anti-HIV assay, 1-10 μ/ml nitidine (1) inhibited human lymphoblastoid cell killing by HIV-1.
The monge array: an abstraction and its applications (1991)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1991.
Catalytic Nanoarchitectures--the Importance of Nothing and the Unimportance of Periodicity (2003)

Heterogeneous catalysis has always been an inherently nanoscopic phenomenon with important technological and societal consequences for energy conversion and the production of chemicals. New opportunities for improved performance arise when the multifunctionality inherent in catalytic processes, including molecular transport of reactants and products, is rethought in light of architectures designed and fabricated from the appropriate nanoscale building blocks, including the use of “nothing” (void space) and deliberate disorder as design components. Architectures with all of the appropriate electrochemical and catalytic requirements, including large surface areas readily accessible to molecules, may now be assembled on the benchtop. Designing catalytic nanoarchitectures that depart from the hegemony of periodicity and order offers the promise of even higher activity.
Optimal Reference Genes for Normalization of qRT-PCR Data from Archival Formalin-fixed, Paraffin-embedded Breast Tumors Controlling for Tumor Cell Content and Decay of mRNA (2013)

Reliable determination of gene-expression levels from qRT-PCR requires accurate normalization of target genes to reference genes in order to remove nonbiological variation. Reference genes are ideally constitutively expressed in every cell, but many genes used for normalization has been shown to vary with tissue type, cellular proliferation, cancer progression, and degradation of nucleic acids. Gene-expression analysis is increasingly performed on degraded mRNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPE), giving the option of examining retrospective cohorts. The aim of this study was to select robust reference genes showing stable expression over time in FFPE, controlling for various content of tumor tissue and decay of mRNA because of variable length of storage of the tissue. Sixteen reference genes were quantified by qRT-PCR in 40 FFPE breast tumor samples, stored for 1 to 29 years. Samples included 2 benign lesions and 38 carcinomas with varying tumor content. Stability of the reference genes were determined by the geNorm algorithm. mRNA was successfully extracted from all samples, and the 16 genes quantified in the majority of samples. Results showed 14% loss of amplifiable mRNA per year, corresponding to a half-life of 4.6 years. The 4 most stable expressed genes were CALM2, RPL37A, ACTB, and RPLP0. Several of the other examined genes showed considerably instability over time (GAPDH, PSMC4, OAZ1, IPO8). In conclusion, we identified 4 genes robustly expressed over time and independent of neoplastic tissue content in the FFPE block. Other widely used reference genes were concluded to be less suited for retrospective analysis of FFPE breast samples.
Novel photochemical addition reactions of iminium salts. Electron transfer initiated additions of olefins to 2-phenyl-1-pyrrolinium perchlorate (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel photochemical addition reactions of iminium salts. Electron transfer initiated additions of olefins to 2-phenyl-1-pyrrolinium perchloratePatrick S. Mariano, Jerome L. Stavinoha, Gerard Pepe, and Edgar F. Meyer Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 22, 7114–7116Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00490a078https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00490a078research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views199Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Melt block copolymerization of ?-caprolactone andL-lactide (1997)

AB block copolymers of ϵ-caprolactone and (L)-lactide could be prepared by ring-opening polymerization in the melt at 110°C using stannous octoate as a catalyst and ethanol as an initiator provided ϵ-caprolactone was polymerized first. Ethanol initiated the polymerization of ϵ-caprolactone producing a polymer with ϵ-caprolactone derived hydroxyl end groups which after addition of L-lactide in the second step of the polymerization initiated the ring-opening copolymerization of L-lactide. The number-average molecular weights of the poly(ϵ-caprolactone) blocks varied from 1.5 to 5.2 × 103, while those of the poly(L-lactide) blocks ranged from 17.4 to 49.7 × 103. The polydispersities of the block copolymers varied from 1.16 to 1.27. The number-average molecular weights of the polymers were controlled by the monomer/hydroxyl group ratio, and were independent on the monomer/stannous octoate ratio within the range of experimental conditions studied. When L-lactide was polymerized first, followed by copolymerization of ϵ-caprolactone, random copolymers were obtained. The formation of random copolymers was attributed to the occurrence of transesterification reactions. These side reactions were caused by the ϵ-caprolactone derived hydroxyl end groups generated during the copolymerization of ϵ-caprolactone with pre-polymers of L-lactide. The polymerization proceeds through an ester alcoholysis reaction mechanism, in which the stannous octoate activated ester groups of the monomers react with hydroxyl groups. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Tuning the range separation parameter in periodic systems (2021)

Kohn-Sham DFT with optimally tuned range-separated hybrid (RSH) functionals provides accurate and nonempirical fundamental gaps for a wide variety of finite-size systems. The standard tuning procedure relies on calculation of total energies of charged systems and thus cannot be applied to periodic solids. Here, we develop a framework for tuning the range separation parameter that can be used for periodic and open boundary conditions. The basic idea is to choose the range parameter that results in a stationary point where the fundamental gap obtained by RSH matches the gap obtained from a G0W0 over RSH calculation. The proposed framework is therefore analogous to eigenvalue self-consistent GW (scGW). We assess the method for various solids and obtain very good agreement with scGW results.
Electrochemical synthesis of metal & semiconductor nanocrystallites (1995)

Whereas the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope may be employed to direct the electrochemical deposition of nanoscopic metal or semiconductor particles on graphite, a limited number of particles may be prepared via this route in a single experiment. In this presentation, we describe a method for electrochemically synthesizing large numbers (>10{sup 12}) of supported metal nanostructures. The populations of metal particles obtained by this method possess excellent monodispersity, and may easily be dislodged from the substrate surface (employed for deposition) for characterization by transmission electron microscopy, and electron diffraction analysis. Data for the characterization of these particles by auger spectroscopy, and non-contact atomic force microscopy will also be presented. Silver particles prepared by this method are potent electronic enhancers of the Raman scattering signal from non-SERS-active surfaces. A simple variant of the metal deposition procedure may be employed for the preparation of II-VI semiconductor particles including CdSe and CdS.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SUBMICRON SIZED OF SiC CERAMICS (2006)

The aim of the present contribution is the study of the microstructure of liquid phase sintered SiC and SiC+Si3N4 composites. The basic mechanical properties, namely macro/micro hardness, indentation fracture toughness, Young’s modulus, and fracture strength at room temperature of the experimental materials were investigated. The influence of heat-treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of SiC materials is compared. The microstructure of SiC+Si3N4 composite (hot pressed) consisted of fine equiaxed grains of SiC, Si3N4 and a grain boundary intergranular glassy phase. For material annealed at 1650°C, the microstructure was fine with equiaxed grains with average size of SiC grain of 450 nm, as well. The microstructure was changed after post-sintering high temperature treatment at 1850°C/5 hours. It consisted of elongated grains with average size of SiC of 2.25 μm. It is obvious from measurements that a heat treatment performed at higher temperatures and/or longer times had a positive effect on the microhardness and fracture toughness values. With an increasing amount of Si3N4 in SiC/Si3N4 composite the fracture strength was increased, but with a rising annealing temperature from 1650°C to 1850°C characteristic strength was decreasing.
Enabling Scalable Inter-AS Signaling: A Load Reduction Approach (2005)

In order to achieve better scalability, inter-domain signaling protocols rely on aggregation to reduce the amount of state information that routers are required to maintain. Nonetheless, they do not address another scalability key factor, the signaling load associated with establishing and maintaining reservations. Such load can be reduced if bandwidth is over-reserved. Over-reservation allows accommodating reservations without exchanging signaling messages, but may result in additional blocking. In this paper, we carry out a systematic investigation of the impact of over-reservation in different aggregation approaches, evaluating such impact in terms of the achieved signaling reduction, and blocking.
MOSCAP and 3D taper (2022)

High speed optical modulators are important for a number of applications served by silicon photonics. Here we present our recent work towards high speed free carrier accumulation based optical modulators where a high speed and efficient operation is achieved. Such silicon optical modulators typically need to be built in sub-micrometre sized waveguides which are challenging to couple light to and from. Also presented are experimental results from a buried 3D-taper that is able to couple efficiently between a waveguide of height ~1.5um and a 220nm high waveguide. Losses below 0.6dB are achieved limited by the loss of the material used.
Rapid Isolation and Concentration of Pathogenic Fungi Using Inertial Focusing on a Chip-Based Platform (2019)

Systemic <i>Candida</i> infections remain a leading cause of nosocomial infections in the United States and worldwide. Many challenges remain in achieving rapid, direct diagnosis of fungal bloodstream infections due to limitations of conventional diagnostic methods that continue to demonstrate poor sensitivity, prolonged culture times that lead to delayed treatment, and detection variability between tests that compromises result reproducibility. Despite advancements in technology, mortality, and cost of care presented by blood stream infection with <i>Candida</i> spp. (candidemia) continues to rise and there is an urgent need for the development of novel methods to accurately detect <i>Candida</i> species present within the blood. This is especially true when patients are infected with drug resistant strains of <i>Candida</i> where accurate and immediate therapeutic treatment is of the importance. This study presents a method of separating fungal cells from lysed blood using inertial forces applied through microfluidics in order to abbreviate the time required to achieve a diagnosis by mitigating the need to grow blood cultures. We found that <i>C. albicans</i> can segregate into a focused stream distinct from white blood cells isolated within the Inertial Fungal Focuser (IFF) after red blood cell lysis. As a result of the focusing process, the collected cells are also concentrated 2.86 times. The same IFF device is applicable to non-<i>albicans</i> species: <i>Candida parapsilosis, Candida glabrata</i>, and <i>Candida tropicalis</i>, providing both isolation from lysed blood and a reduction in solution volume. Thus, the devised platform provides a means to isolate medically significant fungal cells from blood and concentrate the cells for further interrogation.