gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
5-(3,4-Dimethoxybenzylidene)-1,3-dimethyl-1,3-diazinane-2,4,6-trione (2011)

In the title compound, C(15)H(16)N(2)O(5), the dihedral angle between 1,3-diazinane and benzene rings is only 4.27 (1)°. The essentially planar mol-ecular structure is characterized by a short intra-molecular C-H⋯O separation and by an exceptionally large bond angle of 138.25 (14)° at the bridging methine C atom. The meth-oxy groups deviate somewhat from the plane of the benzene ring, with C-C-O-C torsion angles of -15.6 (1) and 9.17 (6)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules form centrosymmetric dimers via donor-acceptor π-π inter-actions, with a centroid-centroid distance of 3.401 (1) Å.
Gene discovery in grapes: the grape genome project (2003)

The grape genome project is combining large-scale EST analysis, a 16 times BAC library, and functional analysis of grape genes in Arabidopsis to advance gene discovery in Vitis vinifera. From two projects undertaken by Southern Cross University, 44,928 grape (Vitis vinifera) ESTs have been produced from a range of tissues and cultivars, and these code for approximately 18,500 grape genes. With the grape genome having a size of 511 Mb, similar to rice, we estimate that the 18,500 genes represent 2/3 of the grape genome. The first project produced almost 5,000 sequences (2,330 distinct gene matches). The list of genes is being made available via the World Wide Web and includes transcripts relating to proteins involved in the whole range of functional categories. The Webbased catalogue of the gene functions revealed from the first project and the method of access to selected gene sequences may be viewed at http://wwwdev.scu.edu.au/research/cpcg/genomics/. ESTO˜ s from both projects have been used in ‘‘electronic northern’’ and microarray analysis to investigate new aspects of gene function from expression data. The abundance of transcripts with predicted cellular roles in leaf, berry and developing buds, were estimated by classifying the EST primary BLAST matches into 80 functional categories. Comparison with ‘‘electronic northern’’ analysis of 33 human tissues suggests plant cells may involve their cellular machinery to a greater extent in specialised activities than is the case in animal cells. Hybridization of mRNA sampled during budburst to arrayed ESTO˜ s indicate altered levels of expression of large numbers of genes before and during budburst, and profiles of candidate genes with possible roles in this process have been analysed.
Treatment and prevention of pouchitis after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for chronic ulcerative colitis (2015)

For acute pouchitis, very low quality evidence suggests that ciprofloxacin may be more effective than metronidazole. For chronic pouchitis, low quality evidence suggests that VSL#3 may be more effective than placebo for maintenance of remission. For the prevention of pouchitis, low quality evidence suggests that VSL#3 may be more effective than placebo. Well designed, adequately powered studies are needed to determine the optimal therapy for the treatment and prevention of pouchitis.
Dynamically controlled random lasing with colloidal titanium carbide MXene (2020)

Control of lasing properties through tailorable and dynamically tunable materials and reconfigurable compositions can augment the performance of random lasers for a wide range of applications. Here, a colloid of randomly dispersed weakly scattering single-layer titanium carbide (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) MXene flakes embedded within rhodamine 101 gain medium is experimentally shown to provide feedback for random lasing. Additionally, in contrast to previously reported random laser systems where the optical properties of scatterers are static, the relative permittivity of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene flakes can be varied under optical pumping due to the saturable absorption properties. Numerical simulations indicate that the observed nonlinear response of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene flakes enables dynamically tunable random lasing. Thus, pumping the Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene flakes with a second optical source decreases the gain threshold required to obtain random lasing. Also, using numerical simulations, it is shown that the control over the intensity of the second pump enables tuning the field distribution of the random lasing modes. Considering the diversity of the MXenes family, the proposed MXene colloidal metamaterial design opens up a new avenue to advanced control of lasing properties for photonic applications.
Getting It Right When Things Go Wrong (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Matrix Metalloproteinases in a Gerbil Cholesteatoma Model (2003)

Elevation of TNF-alpha and MMPs associated with progressive tympanic membrane atelectasis suggests a possible role for these inflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of cholesteatoma.
<title>Interfacing very high frequency transducers to digital-acquisition scanning systems</title> (1992)

ABSTRACTPolymer transducers with high center frequencies offer several potential advantages for ultrasonic imaging and tissue characterization of superficial tissue segments. The large bandwidths of these transducers permit resolution of small tissue structures and also provide detailed spectral data for characterizing stochastic tissueelements. We have integrated these transducers with digital systems and conducted initial examinations of theeye, skin, and in-vitro tissue specimens. Computed images have demonstrated superior resolution, and usefulsignal-to-noise ratios have been obtained for spectral bandwidths exceeding 35 MHz. Further investigations arerequired to develop compensating processing techniques for acoustic attenuation and frequency-dependent beamcharacteristics, which can be significant factors over these large bandwidths. 1. INTRODUCTION Medical ultrasonography1 has become a widely used diagnostic method in a broad spectrum of specialties including radiology, cardiology, obstetrics, gynecology, and ophthalmology. In spite of their demonstrated
Performance analysis of an ATM MUX with a new space priority mechanism under ON-OFF arrival processes (2002)

We propose a new space priority mechanism, and analyze its performance in a single Constant Bit Rate (CBR) server. The arrival process is derived from the superposition of two types of traffics, each in turn results from the superposition of homogeneous ON-OFF sources that can be approximated by means of a two-state Markov Modulated Poisson Process (MMPP). The buffer mechanism enables the Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) layer to adapt the quality of the cell transfer to the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements and to improve the utilization of network resources. This is achieved by “Selective-Delaying and Pushing-In” (SDPI) cells according to the class they belong to. The scheme is applicable to schedule delay-tolerant non-real time traffic and delay-sensitive real time traffic. Analytical expressions for various performance parameters and numerical results are obtained. Simulation results in term of cell loss probability conform with our numerical analysis.
Single Reporter for Targeted Multimodal in Vivo Imaging (2012)

We have developed a multifaceted, highly specific reporter for multimodal in vivo imaging and applied it for detection of brain tumors. A metabolically biotinylated, membrane-bound form of Gaussia luciferase was synthesized, termed mbGluc-biotin. We engineered glioma cells to express this reporter and showed that brain tumor formation can be temporally imaged by bioluminescence following systemic administration of coelenterazine. Brain tumors expressing this reporter had high sensitivity for detection by magnetic resonance and fluorescence tomographic imaging upon injection of streptavidin conjugated to magnetic nanoparticles or fluorophore, respectively. Moreover, single photon emission computed tomography showed enhanced imaging of these tumors upon injection with streptavidin complexed to (111)In-DTPA-biotin. This work shows for the first time a single small reporter (∼40 kDa) which can be monitored with most available molecular imaging modalities and can be extended for single cell imaging using intravital microscopy, allowing real-time tracking of any cell expressing it in vivo.
Distance map supervised landmark localization for MR-TRUS registration (2023)

Image-guided interventional procedures often require registering multi-modal images to visualize and analyze complementary information. For example, prostate cancer biopsy benefits from fusing transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) imaging with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to optimize targeted biopsy. However, cross-modal image registration is a challenging task. This is especially true when the appearance of two image modalities are vastly different. Researchers have seeked other methods bridge the modality difference. Haskins et al. 1 designed a deep similarity metric to describe the difference between MR and US images. Some works directly use a DNN to regress the spatial relationship between images .2 Aside from image similarity, Balakrishnan et al.3 also explored using segmentation DICE as a loss function to assess the registration quality. Hu et al.4 used soft probabilistic DICE of multiple landmark segmentations to provide smoother guidance for MR-TRUS registration. Such method, however, requires extensive labeling of not only organs, but small cysts and lesions as well. This level of requirement largely limits the feasibility of such method. Since registration quality is most reliably evaluated with target registration error (TRE), it is sensible to directly make use of the anatomical landmark targets from images. Moreover, while image modalities and thus textures differ, anatomical landmarks are the only information shared across the moving and the fixed images. Song et al. 5 used contrastive loss-guided pre-training methods to maximize the similarity between similar anatomical structures. Sun et al.6 proposed to perform pre-alignment for MR-TRUS registration with manually labeled landmarks on both images. However, such a procedure is still far from automatic due to the requirement of manual input at inference time. Heinrich et al.7 made use of a landmark detection method specifically designed for lung computed tomography (CT) registration, which is not generalizable to other tasks. In this work, we propose to explicitly use the landmarks of prostate to guide the MR-TRUS image registration. We first train a deep neural network to automatically localize a set of meaningful landmarks, and then directly generate the affine registration matrix from the location of these landmarks. For landmark localization, instead of directly training a network to predict the landmark coordinates, we propose to regress a full-resolution distance map of the landmark, which is demonstrated effective in avoiding statistical bias to unsatisfactory performance and thus improving performance. We then use the predicted landmarks to generate the affine transformation matrix, which outperforms the clinicians’ manual rigid registration by a significant margin in terms of TRE.
Highly Efficient Red Phosphorescent OLEDs with Simple Device Structure (2009)

We report high efficiency red phosphorescent OLEDs with a simple organic bi-layered structure. A host material bis(10-hydroxybenzo[h] quinolinato)beryllium complex (Bebq2) having a good electron transporting and energy transfer characteristics and a good hole injection and transport material N,N′-di(4-(N,N′-diphenyl-amino)phenyl)-N,N′-diphenylbenzidine (DNTPD) lead to the fabrication of simplified high efficiency device. The driving voltage value of 3.5 V to reach luminance of 1000 cd/m2 is reported. The maximum current- and power-efficiency values of 9.38 cd/A and 11.72 lm/W with real true red color of (0.67, 0.32) are demonstrated.
Crystal Structure of cis-Tetracarbsnylbis(chloromercury)iron (1976)

The crystal structure of the title compound has been determined by direct methods from X-ray diffraction data and refined by least squares to a residual of 0.071 for 2647 'observed' reflections. Crystals are monoclinic, C2/c, a = 36.81(1), b = 11.181(2), c = 20.369(5) A, B = 95.28(3), Z = 32. There are four independent molecules in the asymmetric unit, all with the cis disposition of ligands (<Fe-Hg), 2.49, A; <Hg-Fe-Hg), 80.9); in one of the molecules one of the carbonyl sites is occupied by a more substantial moiety, possibly a result of partial occupancy of HgCl as a result of disorder or decomposition.
Pathogenicity of Yersinia kristensenii for mice (1991)

Forty-seven strains of Yersinia kristensenii from widely differing sources, representing all known O serogroups of this species, were investigated for virulence with a variety of animal and in vitro assays. Twenty-four (51%) of the isolates were lethal for mice pretreated with iron dextran. Mouse-lethal strains occurred predominantly within O serogroups O:11, O:12,25, and O:16. Virulent Y. kristensenii strains generally did not express the virulence-associated phenotype (Ca2+ dependence and binding of Congo red and crystal violet) which characterizes virulent strains of Y. enterocolitica, nor did they carry the Yersinia virulence plasmid. Although all strains hybridized with a DNA probe derived from the inv (invasin) gene of Y. enterocolitica, none was able to invade HEp-2 epithelial cell culture. Y. kristensenii strains were virulent only when inoculated parenterally into iron-loaded mice. Animals infected in this way succumbed rapidly to infection, generally within 24 h. This finding suggested that the pathogenicity of these bacteria may be attributable to a secreted toxin, but a search for such a substance and for other in vitro correlates of pathogenicity was unsuccessful. These observations indicate that some strains of Y. kristensenii kill mice by a mechanism not previously recognized in yersiniae.
Engineering a rare-cutting restriction enzyme: genetic screening and selection of NotI variants (2006)

Restriction endonucleases (REases) with 8-base specificity are rare specimens in nature. NotI from Nocardia otitidis-caviarum (recognition sequence 5'-GCGGCCGC-3') has been cloned, thus allowing for mutagenesis and screening for enzymes with altered 8-base recognition and cleavage activity. Variants possessing altered specificity have been isolated by the application of two genetic methods. In step 1, variant E156K was isolated by its ability to induce DNA-damage in an indicator strain expressing M.EagI (to protect 5'-NCGGCCGN-3' sites). In step 2, the E156K allele was mutagenized with the objective of increasing enzyme activity towards the alternative substrate site: 5'-GCTGCCGC-3'. In this procedure, clones of interest were selected by their ability to eliminate a conditionally toxic substrate vector and induce the SOS response. Thus, specific DNA cleavage was linked to cell survival. The secondary substitutions M91V, F157C and V348M were each found to have a positive effect on specific activity when paired with E156K. For example, variant M91V/E156K cleaves 5'-GCTGCCGC-3' with a specific activity of 8.2 x 10(4) U/mg, a 32-fold increase over variant E156K. A comprehensive analysis indicates that the cleavage specificity of M91V/E156K is relaxed to a small set of 8 bp substrates while retaining activity towards the NotI sequence.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene and retinal arteriolar narrowing: The Funagata Study (2009)

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism is associated with retinal arteriolar narrowing, a subclinical marker of chronic hypertension. The Funagata Study examined a population-based sample of Japanese aged 35+ years; 368 participants had both retinal vessel diameter measurements and ACE insertion/deletion (ACE I/D) polymorphism analyses performed. Assessment of retinal vessel diameter and retinal vessel wall signs followed the protocols used in the Blue Mountains Eye Study. ACE gene polymorphisms D/D, I/D and I/I were present in 34 (9.2%), 170 (46.2%) and 164 (44.5%) participants, respectively, distributed in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. After multivariable adjustment, retinal arteriolar diameter was significantly narrower in subjects with the D/D genotype compared to subjects with I/D and I/I genotypes (mean difference -6.49 microm, 95% confidence interval (CI): -12.86 microm, -0.11 microm). Our study suggests that the ACE I/D polymorphism may be associated with subclinical structural arteriolar changes related to chronic hypertension.
Machines for Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (2016)

Abstract Since the introduction of continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration by Kramer in 1977, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) has represented an important alternative to intermittent hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis especially in those patients where severe clinical conditions precluded the traditional forms of renal support. Arteriovenous hemofiltration enabled small centers not equipped with hemodialysis facilities to perform acute renal replacement therapy. The technique however rapidly displayed its limitations and despite good fluid control, urea clearance could not exceed 15 liters /24h. Since most critically ill patients are severely catabolic, the amount of urea removed frequently resulted in an insufficient control of blood urea levels and inadequate blood purification. For this reason, advances in CRRT have progressed over the ensuing years and now modern machines are able to provide a full range of therapies.
Cytokine and anti-cytokine therapies in prevention or treatment of fibrosis in IBD (2016)

The frequency of fibrosing Crohn's disease (CD) is significant, with approximately 40% of CD patients with ileal disease developing clinically apparent strictures throughout their lifetime. Although strictures may be subdivided into fibrotic, inflammatory, or mixed forms, despite immunosuppressive therapy in CD patients in the form of steroids or immunomodulators, the frequency of fibrostenosing complications has still remained significant. A vast number of genetic and epigenetic variables are thought to contribute to fibrostenosing disease, including those that affect cytokine biology, and therefore highlight the complexity of disease, but also shed light on targetable pathways. Exclusively targeting fibrosis may be difficult, however, because of the relatively slow evolution of fibrosis in CD, and the potential adverse effects of inhibiting pathways involved in tissue repair and mucosal healing. Acknowledging these caveats, cytokine-targeted therapy has become the mainstay of treatment for many inflammatory conditions and is being evaluated for fibrotic disorders. The question of whether anti-cytokine therapy will prove useful for intestinal fibrosis is, therefore, acutely relevant. This review will highlight some of the current therapeutics targeting cytokines involved in fibrosis.
Use of image registration and fusion algorithms and techniques in radiotherapy: Report of the AAPM Radiation Therapy Committee Task Group No. 132 (2017)

Image registration and fusion algorithms exist in almost every software system that creates or uses images in radiotherapy. Most treatment planning systems support some form of image registration and fusion to allow the use of multimodality and time-series image data and even anatomical atlases to assist in target volume and normal tissue delineation. Treatment delivery systems perform registration and fusion between the planning images and the in-room images acquired during the treatment to assist patient positioning. Advanced applications are beginning to support daily dose assessment and enable adaptive radiotherapy using image registration and fusion to propagate contours and accumulate dose between image data taken over the course of therapy to provide up-to-date estimates of anatomical changes and delivered dose. This information aids in the detection of anatomical and functional changes that might elicit changes in the treatment plan or prescription. As the output of the image registration process is always used as the input of another process for planning or delivery, it is important to understand and communicate the uncertainty associated with the software in general and the result of a specific registration. Unfortunately, there is no standard mathematical formalism to perform this for real-world situations where noise, distortion, and complex anatomical variations can occur. Validation of the software systems performance is also complicated by the lack of documentation available from commercial systems leading to use of these systems in undesirable 'black-box' fashion. In view of this situation and the central role that image registration and fusion play in treatment planning and delivery, the Therapy Physics Committee of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine commissioned Task Group 132 to review current approaches and solutions for image registration (both rigid and deformable) in radiotherapy and to provide recommendations for quality assurance and quality control of these clinical processes.
Laser-Activated Drug Implant for Controlled Release to the Posterior Segment of the Eye (2021)

To treat chronic posterior eye diseases, frequent intravitreal injections or sustained-release drug implants are the current standard of care. Sustained-release drug implants often involve burst release of the drugs and the dosage from the implants cannot be controlled after implantation, which may lead to local side effects. The present study attempts to develop a dosage-controllable drug delivery implant that consists of a nanoporous biodegradable PLGA capsule and light-activated liposomes. Controllable drug release from the implant was achieved using a pulsed near-infrared (NIR) laser both in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro drug release kinetics from two different initial dose implants, 1000 and 500 μg, was analyzed by fitting zero-order and first-order kinetics, as well as the Korsmeyer-Peppas and Higuchi models. The 1000 and 500 μg implants fit the first-order and zero-order kinetics model, respectively, the best. The multiple drug releases in the vitreous were determined by an in vivo fluorimeter, which was consistent with the in vitro data. The dose released was also clinically relevant. Histology and optical and ultrasound imaging data showed no abnormality in the eyes received implant treatment, suggesting that the drug delivery system was safe to the retina. This on-demand dose-controllable drug delivery system could be potentially used for long-term posterior eye disease treatment to avoid frequent invasive injections.