gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Atom-Economical Cross-Coupling of Internal and Terminal Alkynes to Access 1,3-Enynes (2020)

Selective carbon–carbon (C–C) bond formation in chemical synthesis generally requires pre-functionalized building blocks. However, the requisite pre-functionalization steps undermine the efficiency of multi-step synthetic sequences, which is particularly problematic in large-scale applications, such as in the commercial production of pharmaceuticals. Herein, we describe a selective and catalytic method for synthesizing 1,3-enynes without pre-functionalized building blocks. This method is facilitated by a tailored P,N-ligand that enables regioselective coupling and suppresses secondary E/Z-isomerization of the product. The transformation enables several classes of unactivated internal acceptor alkynes to be coupled with terminal donor alkynes to deliver 1,3-enynes in a highly regio- and stereoselective manner. The scope of compatible acceptor alkynes includes propargyl alcohols, (homo)propargyl amine derivatives, and (homo)propargyl carboxamides. The reaction is scalable and can operate effectively with 0.5 mol% catalyst loading. The products are versatile intermediates that can participate in various downstream transformations. We also present preliminary mechanistic experiments that are consistent with a redox-neutral Pd(II) catalytic cycle.
New Tetrahymena basal body protein components identify basal body domain structure (2007)

Basal bodies organize the nine doublet microtubules found in cilia. Cilia are required for a variety of cellular functions, including motility and sensing stimuli. Understanding this biochemically complex organelle requires an inventory of the molecular components and the contribution each makes to the overall structure. We define a basal body proteome and determine the specific localization of basal body components in the ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila. Using a biochemical, bioinformatic, and genetic approach, we identify 97 known and candidate basal body proteins. 24 novel T. thermophila basal body proteins were identified, 19 of which were localized to the ultrastructural level, as seen by immunoelectron microscopy. Importantly, we find proteins from several structural domains within the basal body, allowing us to reveal how each component contributes to the overall organization. Thus, we present a high resolution localization map of basal body structure highlighting important new components for future functional studies.
Typing a semiconductor with point contacts (1982)

The results of typing measurements of semiconductor samples using a metal-semiconductor point contact technique, under different experimental conditions, are presented. The information obtained from these experiments has been verified for correctness by using standard techniques. A circuit arrangement is described which can be attached to a conventional four-probe resistivity jig in order to extend the applicability of the latter for determination of the type of a sample along with its resistivity measurements.
Non-homogeneous updates for the iterative coordinate descent algorithm (2007)

Statistical reconstruction methods show great promise for improving resolution, and reducing noise and artifacts in helical X-ray CT. In fact, statistical reconstruction seems to be particularly valuable in maintaining reconstructed image quality when the dosage is low and the noise is therefore high. However, high computational cost and long reconstruction times remain as a barrier to the use of statistical reconstruction in practical applications. Among the various iterative methods that have been studied for statistical reconstruction, iterative coordinate descent (ICD) has been found to have relatively low overall computational requirements due to its fast convergence. This paper presents a novel method for further speeding the convergence of the ICD algorithm, and therefore reducing the overall reconstruction time for statistical reconstruction. The method, which we call nonhomogeneous iterative coordinate descent (NH-ICD) uses spatially non-homogeneous updates to speed convergence by focusing computation where it is most needed. Experimental results with real data indicate that the method speeds reconstruction by roughly a factor of two for typical 3D multi-slice geometries.
Measurement of ion concentration in presence of organics (2023)

Disclosed herein are systems and methods that relate to use of ultramicroelectrodes (UME) in measurement of ion concentration in presence of one or more organic compound(s).
Litho process control via optimum metrology sampling while providing cycle time reduction and faster metrology-to-litho turn around time (2011)

In keeping up with the tightening overall budget in lithography, metrology requirements have reached a deep subnanometer level [1]. This drives the need for clean metrology (resolution and precision). Results have been published of a thorough investigation of a scatterometry-based platform from ASML [7], showing promising results on resolution, precision, and tool matching for overlay, CD and focus [2 - 6]. But overall requirements are so extreme that all measures must be taken in order to meet them. In light of this, in addition to above-mentioned need for resolution and precision, the speed and sophistication in communication between litho and metrology (feedback control) are also becoming increasingly crucial. An effective sampling strategy for metrology plays a big role in order to achieve this. This study discusses results from above mentioned scatterometry-based platform in light of sampling optimization. For overlay, various sampling schemes (dense / sparse combinations as well as inter and intra field schemes) were used on many production lots. The effectiveness of such sample schemes were studied to reveal an ideal sampling scheme that can result in 0.5nm to 1nm gain in overlay control (compare to today's practice). Moreover, cycle time contribution of metrology (at litho) in overall cycle time of a full process flow was investigated and quantified with the concept of integrated metrology. Results indicate a cycle time reduction per layer (if an integrated concept is used) of 3 to 5 hours, which can easily add up to several days of total cycle time reduction for a fab.
An SVM Based Approach for Cardiac View Planning (2014)

We consider the problem of automatically prescribing oblique planes (short axis, 4 chamber and 2 chamber views) in Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). A concern with technologist-driven acquisitions of these planes is the quality and time taken for the total examination. We propose an automated solution incorporating anatomical features external to the cardiac region. The solution uses support vector machine regression models wherein complexity and feature selection are optimized using multi-objective genetic algorithms. Additionally, we examine the robustness of our approach by training our models on images with additive Rician-Gaussian mixtures at varying Signal to Noise (SNR) levels. Our approach has shown promising results, with an angular deviation of less than 15 degrees on 90% cases across oblique planes, measured in terms of average 6-fold cross validation performance -- this is generally within acceptable bounds of variation as specified by clinicians.
Author Correction: K-edge Subtraction Computed Tomography with a Compact Synchrotron X-ray Source (2020)

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
High performance configuration of all-raman N × 40 Gbit/s RZ-DPSK systems over ultrawave TM maps (2007)

In order to explore the impact of the DPSK format on best system configuration, and to cross-check the simulation tools, transmission experiments involving 16 × 40 Gbit/s WDM channels on a recirculating loop including a symmetric Ultrawave <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TM</sup> fiber dispersion map are performed. In these experiments the RZ-DPSK format is used, and each 100 km span is brought to optical transparency with 75%(25%) of backward (forward) Raman gain. The pre-compensation is experimentally varied, and a significant transmission improvement after 4000 km for the pre-compensation of -350 ps/nm is observed.
Shivering and tachycardic responses to external cooling in mice are substantially suppressed by TRPV1 activation but not by TRPM8 inhibition (2013)

Mild decrease of core temperature (32-34°C), also known as therapeutic hypothermia, is a highly effective strategy of neuroprotection from ischemia and holds significant promise in the treatment of stroke. However, induction of hypothermia in conscious stroke patients is complicated by cold-defensive responses, such as shivering and tachycardia. Although multiple thermoregulatory responses may be altered by modulators of thermosensitive ion channels, TRPM8 (transient receptor potential melastatin 8) and TRPV1 (TRP vanilloid 1), it is unknown whether these agents affect cold-induced shivering and tachycardia. The current study aimed to determine the effects of TRPM8 inhibition and TRPV1 activation on the shivering and tachycardic responses to external cooling. Conscious mice were treated with TRPM8 inhibitor compound 5 or TRPV1 agonist dihydrocapsaicin (DHC) and exposed to cooling at 10°C. Shivering was measured by electromyography using implanted electrodes in back muscles, tachycardic response by electrocardiography, and core temperature by wireless transmitters in the abdominal cavity. The role of TRPM8 was further determined using TRPM8 KO mice. TRPM8 ablation had no effect on total electromyographic muscle activity (vehicle: 24.0 ± 1.8; compound 5: 23.8 ± 2.0; TRPM8 KO: 19.7 ± 1.9 V·s/min), tachycardia (ΔHR = 124 ± 31; 121 ± 13; 121 ± 31 beats/min) and drop in core temperature (-3.6 ± 0.1; -3.4 ± 0.4; -3.6 ± 0.5°C) during cold exposure. TRPV1 activation substantially suppressed muscle activity (vehicle: 25.6 ± 3.0 vs. DHC: 5.1 ± 2.0 V·s/min), tachycardia (ΔHR = 204 ± 25 vs. 3 ± 35 beats/min) and produced a profound drop in core temperature (-2.2 ± 0.6 vs. -8.9 ± 0.6°C). In conclusion, external cooling-induced shivering and tachycardia are suppressed by TRPV1 activation, but not by TRPM8 inhibition. This suggests that TRPV1 agonists may be combined with external physical cooling to achieve more rapid and effective hypothermia.
Noise assessment framework for optimizing ECG key generation (2017)

Bioelectrical signals such as electrocardiogram (ECG) have shown promise as biometrics, but their continuous nature and drastic acquisition variations make it difficult to deploy them for biometric-based key generation. In particular, it is nearly impossible to obtain raw ECG measurements from a large population under all possible test conditions. In this paper, we build upon our recent approach called IOMBA by combining it with a pre-assessment framework that uses synthetic ECGs to characterize the impact of different sources of noise on ECG-based keys. Our framework uses an auto-regressive (AR) model with three modulated sources of noise - baseline wander (BW), electromyography (EMG), and motion artifact (MA). The performance of the proposed framework is validated using normal ECG signals from popular ECG databases. Different feature extraction methods are applied for ECG key generation and the performance of each approach with each noise source is evaluated. The proposed framework can be used to optimize pre-processing approaches for low-cost applications.
NaFe2PO4(SO4)2: a potential cathode for a Na-ion battery (2016)

Hexagonal Na<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>(SiO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> is a well-known fast Na<sup>+</sup> conductor commonly referred to as NASICON.
A pharmacological chaperone improves memory by reducing Aβ and tau neuropathology in a mouse model with plaques and tangles (2020)

Our study demonstrates that the enhancement of retromer function by pharmacological chaperones is a potentially novel and viable therapy against AD.
Penetration enhancement of non-invasive microwave hyperthermia applicator (2014)

The penetration enhancement of non-invasive microwave hyperthermia applicator is presented. The 915 MHz branched dipole element used for planar array. The E-field from the single element determines the input phase and power of array applicator. The SAR ratio between surface and target depth is dominant for temperature distribution. The 5 cm effective treatment depth is achieved with 3-dimensional temperature simulation.
Dose-dependent role of the cohesin complex in normal and malignant hematopoiesis (2015)

Cohesin complex members have recently been identified as putative tumor suppressors in hematologic and epithelial malignancies. The cohesin complex guides chromosome segregation; however, cohesin mutant leukemias do not show genomic instability. We hypothesized that reduced cohesin function alters chromatin structure and disrupts cis-regulatory architecture of hematopoietic progenitors. We investigated the consequences of Smc3 deletion in normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Biallelic Smc3 loss induced bone marrow aplasia with premature sister chromatid separation and revealed an absolute requirement for cohesin in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function. In contrast, Smc3 haploinsufficiency increased self-renewal in vitro and in vivo, including competitive transplantation. Smc3 haploinsufficiency reduced coordinated transcriptional output, including reduced expression of transcription factors and other genes associated with lineage commitment. Smc3 haploinsufficiency cooperated with Flt3-ITD to induce acute leukemia in vivo, with potentiated Stat5 signaling and altered nucleolar topology. These data establish a dose dependency for cohesin in regulating chromatin structure and HSC function.
All-phosphorescent three-color two-stack tandem white organic light emitting diodes with high-color-rendering index values (2014)

Reported herein are high-color-rendering index two-stack phosphorescent tandem white organic light-emitting diodes using three-color phosphorescent dopants: iridium(III) bis(3,5-difluoro-2-(2-pyridyl)phenyl-(2-carboxypyridyl) (472 nm) as a blue emitter for the first stack layer, and iridium(III) bis(4-methyl-2-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)quinolinato-N,C2′) tetramethylheptadionate (612 nm) and iridium(III) bis(4-(4-tbutylphenyl)thieno[3,2-c]pyridinato-N,C2′)acetylacetonate (562 nm) as red and yellow triplet emitters for the second stack layer, respectively. By locating the blue and red emissive layers slightly far from their antinode position in terms of photonic mode density, the electroluminescent spectra could be changed, and the CRI values could be increased from 74 to over 85. There is some efficiency loss, however, from 38.6 to 29.4 lm/W due to the inevitable electrical and optical losses.
Alharaca (fragmento) (2022)

Alharaca (fragmento)Entre las 6:30 y las 7:30 de la mañana, los pájaros del parque frente a nuestro departamento se ponen a intercambiar impresiones sobre el clima: se desperezan, aventuran previsiones, horóscopos de trinos, contabilidad de los polluelos.Verifican que la abuela pájara no haya sido devorada durante la noche por el águila o el gato, sus terribles enemigos, o improvisan en un idioma desesperado un rápido réquiem por los pajaritos desplomados desde la copa.¿O sobre qué cantan esos pájaros hacinados, arracimados de frío en sus precarios nidos de interés social?Parece que despertaran por familias o gremios, por colores o por jerarquías cromáticas de voz: algo tendrá que ver la luz con respecto a la ubicación de los nidos en las alturas.La trama horizontal y vertical del mundo se entrelazan en una casita en las alturas cuyo llamado al arma coincide con un sol que se lava el rostro en la jícara de las nubes
Synthesis of new compounds related to the commercial fungicide tricyclazole (2011)

A previously unreported metabolite of tricyclazole has been identified and structurally characterized. In addition, a new process impurity has been identified by independent synthesis. Identification of these new compounds has facilitated the continued registration of this important fungicide.
Increasing message relevance in social networks via context-based routing (2012)

Several applications are built around sharing information by leveraging social network connections. For example, in social buying sites like Groupon, a deal is usually forwarded to interested recipients through their social graph. A primary goal is to improve user satisfaction by maximizing the relevance of the shared message to the target audience. In this work, we address this problem by proposing a context-based routing approach that exploits both user preferences and the network structure aiming at enhancing the relevance of forwarded messages and ensuring that each message will be delivered to the most interested users.
Dynamic Device Characteristics and Linewidth Measurement of InGaN/GaN Laser Diodes (2020)

We report on the characterization and analysis of a GaN-based distributed feedback laser diode (DFB-LD) with 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> -order laterally etched sidewall gratings centered at a wavelength of 420 nm. We also compare the device parameters with two commonly used Fabry-Perot (FP) devices operating at 450 nm and 520 nm. Intrinsic properties of the devices were extracted, including damping factor, carrier and photon lifetimes, modulation efficiency, differential gain, and parasitic capacitance. These parameters showed that the DFB exhibits a lower damping rate and parasitic capacitance while demonstrating a higher modulation efficiency, indicating that the DFB shows good potential for communications applications. Additionally, spectral linewidth of a GaN DFB is reported. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first demonstration of parameter extraction and spectral linewidth measurement for GaN-based DFB-LDs.
End-to-End Data Management Toolkit for Norwegian Life Scientists (2020)

Major funding agencies require the successful planning and implementation of Data Management. In addition to obtaining funding, good Data Management also makes research more efficient, facilitates collaboration and saves time and resources. ELIXIR Norway and the Centre for Digital Life Norway have established an End-to-End toolkit, covering the whole data life cycle from proposal to publication, providing practical, existing solutions, available to Norwegian Life Scientists to make their research FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable). We provide access to the Data Steward Wizard tool as one solution to identify data management needs, plan Data Management budgets and to produce a Data Management Plans (DMPs) according to the specifications by filling an interactive, well-documented questionnaire. NeLS - the Norwegian e-Infrastructure for Life Sciences is a versatile and backuped storage solution for Life Science data. NeLS is directly integrated with Galaxy, an open, web-based platform for accessible, reproducible, and transparent computational biological research, without the need of programming skills. We have further developed a integration of NeLS with FAIRDOMHub/SEEK, a resource platform for managing data-sets and models in projects and sharing at publication. ELIXIR maintains as variety of data deposition databases that are suited to host sensitive and non-sensitive data. Usage of this deposition repositories also maximises the visibility of published research.
Table S2 from Neuroblastoma Patients' KIR and KIR-Ligand Genotypes Influence Clinical Outcome for Dinutuximab-based Immunotherapy: A Report from the Children's Oncology Group (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Incidence of KIR/KIR-ligand genotypes in the patients analyzed.&lt;/p&gt;
Inter‐Observer variability in MRI‐based target volume delineation of uveal melanoma (2022)

Abstract Purpose: Several efforts are being undertaken towards MRI‐based treatment planning for ocular proton therapy for uveal melanoma (UM). The inter‐observer variability of the gross target volume (GTV) on MRI is one of the important parameters to design safety margins for a reliable treatment. Therefore, this study assessed the inter‐observer variation in tumour delineation of UM on MRI. Methods: Six observers delineated the tumour in 10 different UM patients using the Big Brother contouring software. Patients were scanned at 3 T MRI with a surface coil and tumours were delineated separately on contrast enhanced 3DT1 (T1gd) and 3DT2‐weighted scans with a resolution of 0.8 mm isotropic for the acquisition voxels (1). Volume difference and overall local variation were analysed for each patient. Additionally the local variation was analysed for four interfaces: sclera, vitreous, retinal detachment, and tumour‐choroid interface. Results: The average tumour contour was significantly larger on T1gd (0.57 cm 3 ) compared to T2 (0.51cm 3 , p = 0.01). A not significant higher interobserver variation was found on T1gd (0.4 1 mm) compared to T2 (0.35 mm). The largest variations were found at the tumour‐choroid interface, due to peritumoral enhancement (T1gd: 0.62 mm and T2: 0.5 2 mm). As a result, a larger part of this tumour‐choroid interface appeared to be included on T1gd based GTVs compared to T2, explaining the smaller volumes on T2. Conclusions: The interobserver variation of 0.4 mm on MRI are low with respect to the voxel size of 0.8 mm. We recommend to delineate based on the T1gd‐weighted scans, as choroidal tumour extensions might be missed. Reference 1. Ferreira, et al. MR imaging characteristics of uveal melanoma with histopathological validation. Neuroradiology. 2022; 64:171. doi: 10.1007/s00234‐021‐02825‐5 .
Reduced Fhit expression is associated with mismatch repair deficiency in human advanced colorectal carcinoma (2002)

The Fragile Histidine Triad gene, encompassing the FRA3B fragile site at chromosome 3p14.2, is a candidate tumour suppressor gene involved in multiple tumour types including colorectal carcinomas. Recently, it has been reported that the Fragile Histidine Triad gene may be a target of damage in a fraction of mismatch deficient tumours. To explore this hypothesis, we analysed both Fragile histidine triad and mismatch repair protein (Msh2 and Mlh1) expression using immumohistochemical methods in 52 advanced colorectal carcinomas (19 well-, 17 moderately-, and 16 poorly-differentiated). In addition, we examined whether the Fragile histidine triad and mismatch repair protein expression correlated with p53 expression and clinicopathological findings. Significant loss or reduction of Fragile histidine triad expression was noted in 18 of the 52 (34.6%) advanced colorectal carcinomas: 2 (10.5%) well-differentiated, 3 (17.6%) moderately-differentiated, 13 (81.3%) poorly-differentiated carcinomas, the frequency being significantly higher in the latter than that in the former two (P<0.0001). Loss of mismatch repair protein (mainly, Mlh1) expression was detected in 21 of the 52 (40.4%) colorectal carcinomas. Moreover, reduced Fragile histidine triad expression was significantly associated with absence of mismatch repair protein expression in the advanced colorectal carcinomas (P<0.0001). However, the Fragile histidine triad and mismatch repair protein expression was not significantly associated with p53 expression. These results suggested that reduced Fragile histidine triad expression might be correlated with mismatch repair expression, but not with p53 expression.