gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Revealing the Stoichiometric Tolerance of Lead Trihalide Perovskite Thin Films (2019)

The relationship between the chemical composition of lead halide perovskite materials and their crystal and electronic structure is not yet sufficiently understood, despite its fundamental importance. Here, we determine the crystal and electronic structure of cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) while deliberately varying the cesium content. At substoichiometric concentrations of cesium, there are large variations in the frontier electronic structure of CsPbBr3 with only small variations in Cs content. We observe a critical point after which large variations in the chemical composition of CsPbBr3 result in comparably small changes in valence and conduction band energies. This behavior is starkly different from that of traditional semiconductors, such as InGaAs and GaInP, and demonstrates an impressive energetic tolerance of CsPbBr3 to large changes in its stoichiometry. This observation helps us to understand why a broad range of relatively uncontrolled, simple processing methodologies can deliver highly functional metal halide perovskite thin films.
Supplementary Materials and Methods from Targeting Three Distinct HER2 Domains with a Recombinant Antibody Mixture Overcomes Trastuzumab Resistance (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Short description of methods and materials used for supplemmentary figures. BioLayer Interferometry, ADCC and CDC assays.&lt;/p&gt;
Molecular Characterization and Enhancement of Anticancer Activity of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester by γ Cyclodextrin (2016)

Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) is a key component in New Zealand propolis, known for a variety of health promoting and therapeutic potentials. We investigated the molecular mechanism of anticancer and anti-metastasis activities of CAPE. cDNA array performed on the control and CAPE-treated breast cancer cells revealed activation of DNA damage signaling involving upregulation of GADD45α and p53 tumor suppressor proteins. Molecular docking analysis revealed that CAPE is capable of disrupting mortalin-p53 complexes. We provide experimental evidence and demonstrate that CAPE induced disruption of mortalin-p53 complexes led to nuclear translocation and activation of p53 resulting in growth arrest in cancer cells. Furthermore, CAPE-treated cells exhibited downregulation of mortalin and several other key regulators of cell migration accountable for its anti-metastasis activity. Of note, we found that whereas CAPE was unstable in the culture medium (as it gets degraded into caffeic acid by secreted esterases), its complex with gamma cyclodextrin (γCD) showed high efficacy in anti-tumor and anti-metastasis assays <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> (when administered through either intraperitoneal or oral route). The data proposes that CAPE-γCD complex is a potent anti-cancer and anti-metastasis reagent.
Anionic Copolymerization of o-Phthalaldehyde with Epoxides: Facile Access to Degradable Polyacetals and Their Copolymers under Ambient Conditions (2022)

Traditionally o-phthalaldehyde (OPA) has to be homopolymerized or copolymerized with other monomers at low temperature due to its very low ceiling temperature (Tc = −36 °C). In the presence of a Lewis acid such as triethylborane (TEB) the anionic copolymerization of OPA with various epoxides including ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, 1-butene oxide, 1-octene oxide, allyl glycidyl ether, phenyl glycidyl ether, and styrene oxide could be successfully carried out under ambient conditions, resulting in the formation of a host of polyacetals. The role and effect of TEB, its amount, and also the feeding ratio of OPA to epoxides during their copolymerizations were respectively investigated. The successful “living” OPA/epoxides copolymerization was further extended to the synthesis of polyether-b-polyacetal block copolymers with different structure and properties.
Transport Pathways and Enhancement Mechanisms within Localized and Non-Localized Transport Regions in Skin Treated with Low-Frequency Sonophoresis and Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (2010)

Recent advances in transdermal drug delivery utilizing low-frequency sonophoresis (LFS) and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) have revealed that skin permeability enhancement is not homogenous across the skin surface. Instead, highly perturbed skin regions, known as localized transport regions (LTRs), exist. Despite these findings, little research has been conducted to identify intrinsic properties and formation mechanisms of LTRs and the surrounding less-perturbed non-LTRs. By independently analyzing LTR, non-LTR, and total skin samples treated at multiple LFS frequencies, we found that the pore radii (r[subscript pore]) within non-LTRs are frequency-independent, ranging from 18.2 to 18.5 Å, but significantly larger than r[subscript pore] of native skin samples (13.6 Å). Conversely, r[subscript pore] within LTRs increase significantly with decreasing frequency from 161 to 276 Å and to ∞ (>300 Å) for LFS/SLS-treated skin at 60, 40, and 20 kHz, respectively. Our findings suggest that different mechanisms contribute to skin permeability enhancement within each skin region. We propose that the enhancement mechanism within LTRs is the frequency-dependent process of cavitation-induced microjet collapse at the skin surface, whereas the increased r[subscript pore] values in non-LTRs are likely due to SLS perturbation, with enhanced penetration of SLS into the skin resulting from the frequency-independent process of microstreaming.
Preparation and Cathodoluminescence of Mg‐Doped and Zn‐Doped GaN Powders (2008)

In this paper, undoped, Mg‐ and Zn‐doped gallium nitride powders were prepared by direct nitridation of Ga 2 O 3 under a flowing NH 3 gas. The phase purity, morphology and cathodoluminescence spectra were presented. The Ga 2 O 3 powders can be completely nitridized to GaN at 1000°C. The resultant GaN powders agglomerated together with submicron‐sized polyhedral crystals. At room temperature, the Mg‐ and Zn‐doped powders exhibit bright blue‐violet emission at around 3.05 and 2.81 eV, respectively. This provides clear evidence that magnesium or zinc is incorporated into the GaN powders as an acceptor and suggests that the luminescent materials are promising candidates for optoelectronic applications.
Joint compensation of IQ imbalance, frequency offset and phase noise in OFDM receivers (2004)

Abstract Zero‐IF receivers are getting a lot of attention because of their potential to enable low‐cost OFDM terminals. However, zero‐IF receivers also introduce IQ imbalance which can have a huge impact on the performance. Rather than increasing component cost to decrease the IQ imbalance, an alternative is to tolerate the IQ imbalance and compensate for it digitally. Current solutions either require additional analog hardware or are based on digital algorithms that converge too slowly for bursty communication. Moreover, the impact of a frequency offset and phase noise on the IQ imbalance estimation/compensation problem is not considered. In this paper, we analyze the joint IQ imbalance/frequency offset/phase noise estimation and propose a low‐cost, highly effective, all‐digital mitigation scheme. For large IQ imbalance large frequency offsets and in the presence of phase noise our solution still results in an average implementation loss below 0.5 dB. It, therefore, enables the design of low‐cost, lowcomplexity OFDM receivers. Copyright © 2004 AEI
Highly effective fat suppression in clinical T1-weighted imaging of ischemic and non-ischemic heart disease with DeSPAIR (2012)

Complete fat suppression is highly desirable for inversion recovery (IR) imaging of both ischemic and nonischemic heart disease. It allows for improved visualization of scar without confounding fat signal, and for assessment of fatty infiltrations, which both appear bright on T1-weighted contrast-enhanced images. For example, arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) is characterized by fibrofatty replacement of the right ventricular (RV) myocardium. Screening tests are critical as patients may be asymptomatic, but at increased risk for sudden cardiac death. Such tests must differentiate myocardial fibrosis from fatty infiltrations, as fatty infiltrations without RV fibrosis have been observed in healthy subjects. Standard fat saturation works poorly in clinical protocols, prompting us to design a double Spectral Selection Attenuated Inversion Recovery (double SPAIR, DeSPAIR) module that completely nulls fat signal in IR sequences. In 22 patients with ischemic and non-ischemic heart disease, we demonstrate excellent performance of this technique compared to standard fat saturation.
How should a physician assess medication burden and polypharmacy? (2021)

With the rise of multimorbidity and polypharmacy, people are using more medication than ever before. This has led to the consideration of ‘treatment burden’ and the impact medication can have on th...
AL amyloidosis with severe orthostatic hypotension. (2004)

座位不能という重症起立性低血圧にて発症し,心不全,ネフローゼ症候群,吸収不良症候群,末梢神経障害を呈し,神経生検にてAL amyloidosisの確定診断を得ることが出来た.高用量デキサメサゾン療法にて座位可能までQOLを改善することが出来た症例であり文献的考察を加えて報告した.
Recyclable Carbon-Based Hybrid Adsorbents Functionalized with Alumina Nanoparticles for Water Remediation (2023)

Developing and improving adsorbent materials for wastewater treatment have become crucial for achieving recyclable water and keeping the environment safe. Carbon materials are modified with alumina (Al2O3) using various doping ratios and a solvothermal treatment. The process aims to combine the advantages of stable carbon and alumina materials with an efficient adsorbent for methylene blue removal. Fabricated materials including carbon and carbon/alumina derivatives were characterized with TEM, SEM, EDS, XRD, and FTIR, revealing successful surface modifications. The carbon materials exhibited pore diameters between 23 and 39 µm, while the modified ones showed pore diameters between 1.68 and 6.08 µm. The alumina nanoparticles were formed on a carbon surface with a particle size between 174 nm and 179 nm. Fabricated adsorbents were applied for the removal of methylene blue by adsorption at pH 4. The equilibrium and steady state adsorption stage was achieved after 2 h of reporting fast adsorption behavior. Low ratio carbon doping with alumina improved the adsorption capacity for methylene blue removal, while the excessive doping of carbon materials with alumina led to a reduction in adsorption efficiency. The application of pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models indicated a fast adsorption mechanism, which agreed with the second-order model. The adsorption capacity for methylene blue was found to be 234 mg/g. Adsorption-isotherms including the Langmuir and Freundlich models were applied to investigate the adsorption mechanism. The results indicate that the Langmuir model fits with the adsorption data, which suggests a monolayer adsorption process.
Expression and purification of LipL32 recombinant protein of Leptospira interrogans in different E.coli strains (2014)

Background Leptospirosis is a zoonosis caused by the infection of pathogenic bacteria of the genera Leptospira, often transmitted by direct or indirect contact with urine of infected animal hosts [1]. In national territory, leptospirosis is considered an endemic disease, with high incidence in raining seasons, but occurring during the whole year [2]. From all the cases, 15% evolve to the icteric form, with serious clinic manifestations, as severe icteric, hemorrhages and kidney disease, including lethal onset in 50% of the cases [3]. From all membrane proteins LipL32 is the most abundant and found in all pathogenic species of Leptospira. Saprophytic strains do not express LipL32, making the detection of the protein or the detection of specific antibody a potential toll for the development of a laboratorial diagnosis [4].
Abstract 601: In vitro and in vivo inhibition of β-catenin by two novel β-catenin RNA antagonists, EZN-3889 and 3892 (2010)

Abstract Background: β-Catenin is a subunit of the cadherin protein complex and a key integral component in the Wnt signaling pathway. Therefore, it not only plays an important role in cell-cell adhesion but also in tumorgenesis. β-catenin is activated in most colon cancers due to either mutations in APC or activating mutations in β-catenin itself. Furthermore, activating β-catenin mutations have been found in a variety of other tumors such as melanomas, hepatocellular carcinomas, breast, and prostate cancer, whereas β-catenin is not activated in most normal tissues. Therefore, inhibition of β-catenin is likely to have therapeutic effects in many cancers. Unfortunately, because β-catenin is devoid of any enzymatic activity, the development of inhibitors of β-catenin has been slow. We present here both in vitro and in vivo evidence that the lack of specificity of small-molecule inhibitors may be overcome by two novel β-catenin LNA-based mRNA antagonists, EZN-3889 and EZN-3892. Material and Methods: In vitro, the ability of the compounds to inhibit mRNA, cell growth, and reporter gene were evaluated by qRT-PCR, MTS, and luciferase assays respectively, in multiple cell lines. In vivo, β-catenin mRNA down-modulation in liver and human tumors, which were grown on the flank of nude mice, was evaluated after intravenous administration of the compounds. Results: Without lipofection, we found that these two antagonists could specifically down modulate β-catenin mRNA and protein effectively in multiple cell lines with a long-lasting effect. Additionally, these two molecules effectively inhibited β-catenin transcriptional activity in SW480 colorectal and H1581 lung cancer cells stably expressing a TCF/LEF luciferase reporter gene, resulting in growth inhibition. Combination of EZN-3889 or 3892 with sulindac demonstrated improved activities in both growth and reporter assay. Moreover, EZN-3889 and 3892 inhibited the spontaneous growth of spheroids in SW480 culture and convert SW480 spheroids to monolayers. Preliminary data suggest that these spheroids were more tumorgenic than the monolayer cells. In mice, both molecules significantly down modulated β-catenin mRNA in the liver. Conclusions: Without lipofection, β-catenin antagonists potently and specifically inhibited β-catenin mRNA expression both in vitro and in vivo after intravenous injection. Target inhibition correlated with growth inhibition and phenotypical change of SW480 spheroids. Further studies will examine the significance of the inhibition of the spheroids and the effect of these antagonists on tumor growth. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 601.
Time Reversal of Speckle Noise (2011)

Focusing a wave in an unknown inhomogeneous medium is an open problem in wave physics. This work presents an iterative method able to focus in pulse-echo mode in an inhomogeneous medium containing a random distribution of scatterers. By performing a coherent summation of the random echoes backscattered from a set of points surrounding the desired focus, a virtual bright pointlike reflector is generated. A time-reversal method enables an iterative convergence towards the optimal wave field focusing at the location of this virtual scatterer. Thanks to this iterative time-reversal process, it is possible to focus at any arbitrary point in the heterogeneous medium even in the absence of pointlike source. An experimental demonstration is given for the correction of strongly distorted images in the field of medical ultrasound imaging. This concept enables envisioning many other applications in wave physics.
51‐1: Optimal Fast‐Response LCD for High‐Definition Virtual Reality Head Mounted Display (2018)

The fast response LCD is necessary for high‐definition and high‐refresh rate virtual‐reality head mounted displays. In this study, fast‐response properties were achieved by SLC‐IPS. High transmittance and stable switching were obtained using a one‐side branch structure with small irregularities in the electrode.
Comprehensive Warpage Analysis of Stacked Die MEMS Package in Accelerometer Application (2006)

Packaging of MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical system) devices poses more challenges than conventional IC packaging, since the performance of the MEMS devices is highly dependent on packaging processes. A Land Grid Array (LGA) package is introduced for MEMS technology based linear multi-axis accelerometers. Finite element modeling is conducted to simulate the warpage behavior of the LGA packages. A method to correlate the package warpage to matrix block warpage has been developed. Warpage for both package and sensor substrate are obtained. Warpage predicted by simulation correlates very well with experimental measurements. Based on this validated method, detailed design analysis with different package geometrical variations are carried out to optimize the package design. With the optimized package structure, the packaging effect on accelerometer signal performance is well controlled.
Abstract 3889: GRM1 over-expression in melanoma cells promotes microvesicle formation which functions in stimulating angiogenesis. (2013)

Abstract Our group has reported that metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (GRM1) as an oncogene and a potential therapeutic target for melanoma. More than 60% of human melanoma expresses GRM1, while normal melanocytes do not. In a Phase-0 trial of riluzole (an oral inhibitor of GRM1) in patients with advanced melanoma we showed suppression of the PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways in melanoma specimens in 34% of the patients. Our group found that enhanced expression of GRM1 in a subclone of a melanoma cell line (UACC903) that normally expresses low levels of GRM1 stimulated angiogenesis via activation of the AKT-mTOR-HIF1-IL8, VEGF signaling pathway. Increasing GRM1 expression promoted membrane blebbing (a phenomenon that appears to lead to microvesicle formation) and riluzole treatment inhibited this effect. Suppression of GRM1 expression using an inducible siRNA construct inhibits the blebbing phenomena and microvesicle formation. Therefore, we hypothesize that GRM1 expression promotes microvesicle formation that may be involved in stimulating angiogenesis and tumor progression. Through electron-microscope and flow cytometry analysis, we have confirmed that increased GRM1 expression enhanced microvesicle secretion into the medium in cell culture and that knocking down GRM1 expression significantly reduced the quantity of microvesicle secretion. Furthermore, intra-tumor injection of collected microvesicles into two different melanoma xenograft tumors (UACC903 and C8161) demonstrated that the microvesicles formed from high GRM1 expressing cells promoted tumor growth and angiogenesis. We also showed that microvesicles from high GRM1 expressing cells increased endothelial cell proliferation exhibited measured using a BrdU incorporation assay. Our preliminary data demonstrate that GRM1 expression promotes microvesicle formation and that these microvesicles are associated with angiogenesis. Research on the molecular events associated with the phenomenon is ongoing. Citation Format: Jasmine J. Koo, Yu Wen, Jiadong Li, Suzie Chen, James Goydos. GRM1 over-expression in melanoma cells promotes microvesicle formation which functions in stimulating angiogenesis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3889. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3889
Aggregable Confidential Transactions for Efficient Quantum-Safe Cryptocurrencies (2022)

Confidential Transactions (CT) hide coin amounts even from verifiers without the help of trusted third parties. Aggregable CTs are a scalable category of CTs with “spent coin record trimming”. For example, if Alice sends coins to Bob, who had sent similar coins to Charles, the aggregated transaction shows only that Alice sent coins to Charles by deleting Bob’s coin records. Since the number of spent coin records grows linearly with the number of transactions, faster than the number of accounts, cash systems based on aggregable CTs are highly scalable. However, existing quantum-safe aggregable CT protocols have large unspent coin records, and existing efficient aggregable CTs are vulnerable to quantum attacks. We introduce two aggregable CT protocols, based on new efficient homomorphic zero-knowledge proofs, from either the plain or Module Short Integer Solution (SIS and MSIS) problems, both believed to be secure against quantum adversaries. We further implement the MSIS-based aggregable CT protocol as a C library. Our experiments on 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> transactions show that aggregation reduces the cash system’s size by 40%–54% when the output/input rate is in the range 1/1–2/1. For example, a cash system of 1.73 GB can be reduced to 0.98 GB when the output/input rate is 1.5, which has been the historical real-world average rate.
Guidelines for Optimum Bandwidth Selection in the Observers and Performance Investigation of DB-DTFC Using Back-EMF Self-Sensing for SPM Machines (2018)

Deadbeat-direct torque and flux control (DB-DTFC) has emerged as a promising motor control strategy. It is shown to be a high performance technology for PMSM control. Back-EMF self-sensing has also become a commonly used method in (permanent magnet synchronous machine) PMSM drive systems. Although previous research presents DB-DTFC using back-EMF self-sensing on induction machines, very few papers discuss practical implementations explicitly and quantitatively. Current and flux observers are key technologies for achieving DB-DTFC. This paper is dedicated to presenting a guideline for optimum bandwidth (BW) selection in the observers of DB-DTFC using back-EMF self-sensing for a SPM machine. Similarly, the back-electro-motive force (EMF) state filter and position tracking observer are key technologies for achieving back-EMF self-sensing. To achieve speed command performance based on operating conditions, the guideline of optimum BW selection are necessary. Through the BW selection analysis, the range of the BW in the observers using DB-DTFC with back-EMF self-sensing is identified and evaluated. Performance investigation confirms the BW selection in the observers affects the performance of the overall system, including the effect of 80% full torque disturbance from a load machine.