gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Hemolysis on Cell-Free microRNA Biomarkers (2013)

Cell-free microRNAs in plasma and serum have become a promising source of biomarkers for various diseases. Despite rapid progress in this field, there remains a lack of consensus regarding optimal quantification methods, reference genes, and quality control of samples. Recent studies have shown that hemolysis occurring during blood collection has substantial impact on the microRNA content in plasma/serum. To date, the impact of hemolysis has only been investigated for a limited number of microRNAs, mainly the red blood cell (RBC)-enriched miRs-16 and -451. In contrast, the effect of hemolysis on other microRNAs - in particular those proposed as biomarkers - has not been addressed. In this study we profiled the microRNA content of hemolyzed and non-hemolyzed plasma as well as RBCs to obtain a profile of microRNAs in the circulation affected or unaffected by hemolysis. Profiling by TaqMan Array Microfluidic Cards was used to compare three pairs of hemolyzed and non-hemolyzed plasma (with varying degrees of hemolysis) and one RBC sample. A total of 136 microRNAs were detectable in at least two of the samples, and of those 15 were at least twofold elevated in all three hemolyzed samples. This number increased to 88 microRNAs for the sample with the highest level of hemolysis, with all of these also detected in the RBC profile. Thus these microRNAs represent a large proportion of detectable microRNAs and those most likely to be affected by hemolysis. Several of the hemolysis-susceptible microRNAs (e.g., miRs-21, -106a, -92a, -17, -16) have also been previously proposed as plasma/serum biomarkers of disease, highlighting the importance of rigorous quality control of plasma/serum samples used for measurement of circulating microRNAs. As low-level hemolysis is a frequent occurrence during plasma/serum collection it is critical that this is taken into account in the measurement of any candidate circulating microRNA.
Rapid multispectral endoscopic imaging system for near real-time mapping of the mucosa blood supply in the lung (2015)

We have developed a fast multispectral endoscopic imaging system that is capable of acquiring images in 18 optimized spectral bands spanning 400-760 nm by combining a customized light source with six triple-band filters and a standard color CCD camera. A method is developed to calibrate the spectral response of the CCD camera. Imaging speed of 15 spectral image cubes/second is achieved. A spectral analysis algorithm based on a linear matrix inversion approach is developed and implemented in a graphics processing unit (GPU) to map the mucosa blood supply in the lung in vivo. Clinical measurements on human lung patients are demonstrated.
A simulator for maxillo-facial surgery integrating cephalometry and orthodontia (2006)

Objectives : This paper presents a new simulator for maxillo-facial surgery, that gathers the dental and the maxillo-facial analyses together into a single computer-assisted procedure. The idea is first to propose a repositioning of the maxilla, via the introduction of a 3D cephalometry, applied to a 3D virtual model of the patient's skull. Then, orthodontic data are integrated into this model, thanks to optical measurements of teeth plaster casts. Materials and Methods : The feasibility of the maxillo-facial demonstrator was first evaluated on a dry skull. To simulate malformations (and thus to simulate a "real" patient), the skull was modified and manually cut by the surgeon, in order to generate a given maxillo-facial malformation (with asymmetries in the sagittal, frontal and axial planes). Results : The validation of our simulator consisted in evaluating its ability to propose a bone repositioning diagnosis that will put the skull as it was in its original configuration. A first qualitative validation is provided in this paper, with a 1.5-mm error in the repositioning diagnosis. Conclusions : These results mainly validate the concept of a maxillo-facial numerical simulator that integrates 3D cephalometry and guarantees a correct dental occlusion.
Ablation Mechanism of Silica Glass Induced by Laser Plasma Soft X-Rays (2010)

We have investigated ablation of silica glass induced by laser plasma soft X-ray irradiation and
ChemInform Abstract: Property‐Directed Synthesis (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Evaluating Bufferless Flow Control for On-chip Networks (2010)

With the emergence of on-chip networks, the power consumed by router buffers has become a primary concern. Bufferless flow control addresses this issue by removing router buffers, and handles contention by dropping or deflecting flits. This work compares virtual-channel (buffered) and deflection (packet-switched bufferless) flow control. Our evaluation includes optimizations for both schemes: buffered networks use custom SRAM-based buffers and empty buffer bypassing for energy efficiency, while bufferless networks feature a novel routing scheme that reduces average latency by 5%. Results show that unless process constraints lead to excessively costly buffers, the performance, cost and increased complexity of deflection flow control outweigh its potential gains: bufferless designs are only marginally (up to 1.5%) more energy efficient at very light loads, and buffered networks provide lower latency and higher throughput per unit power under most conditions.
Integrated genomic surveillance enables tracing of person-to-person SARS-CoV-2 transmission chains during community transmission and reveals extensive onward transmission of travel-imported infections, Germany, June to July 2021 (2022)

BackgroundTracking person-to-person SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the population is important to understand the epidemiology of community transmission and may contribute to the containment of SARS-CoV-2. Neither contact tracing nor genomic surveillance alone, however, are typically sufficient to achieve this objective.AimWe demonstrate the successful application of the integrated genomic surveillance (IGS) system of the German city of Düsseldorf for tracing SARS-CoV-2 transmission chains in the population as well as detecting and investigating travel-associated SARS-CoV-2 infection clusters.MethodsGenomic surveillance, phylogenetic analysis, and structured case interviews were integrated to elucidate two genetically defined clusters of SARS-CoV-2 isolates detected by IGS in Düsseldorf in July 2021.ResultsCluster 1 (n = 67 Düsseldorf cases) and Cluster 2 (n = 36) were detected in a surveillance dataset of 518 high-quality SARS-CoV-2 genomes from Düsseldorf (53% of total cases, sampled mid-June to July 2021). Cluster 1 could be traced back to a complex pattern of transmission in nightlife venues following a putative importation by a SARS-CoV-2-infected return traveller (IP) in late June; 28 SARS-CoV-2 cases could be epidemiologically directly linked to IP. Supported by viral genome data from Spain, Cluster 2 was shown to represent multiple independent introduction events of a viral strain circulating in Catalonia and other European countries, followed by diffuse community transmission in Düsseldorf.ConclusionIGS enabled high-resolution tracing of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in an internationally connected city during community transmission and provided infection chain-level evidence of the downstream propagation of travel-imported SARS-CoV-2 cases.
Dielectrophoresis and antibody mediated selective capture of microorganisms in micro-fluidic biochips (2005)

A dielectrophoretic (DEP) filter device was fabricated for antibody mediated specific capture of microorganisms. The device consisting of a network of fluidic inlet/outlet ports and chamber etched into silicon substrate with bonded glass on the top and interdigitated electrodes at the bottom of the chamber. The whole electrode array was covered with a thin silicon oxide layer for preventing electroosmotic currents at the electrodes. For selective capture of Listeria monocytogenes from the mixture of L. monocytogenes and Escherichia coli, the channel surface of the DEP filter device was functionalized with biotinylated BSA-streptavidin-biotinylated monoclonal antibody sandwich structure. Positive DEP (at 20Vpp and 1 MHz) was used to attract, capture and concentrate all bacteria in the sample from the fluid flow. About 8% Listeria bacteria were captured while no E. coli was captured with 40 min DEP. We demonstrated that this novel method combining dielectrophoresis, micro-fluidics, and antibody-antigen recognition can be used to selectively capture L monocytogenes or other target bacteria in the micro-fluidic device with good efficiency and selectivity.
Scale-Up of Flow-Assisted Synthesis of C2-Symmetric Chiral PyBox Ligands (2012)

TEST 02 - Elsevier's Scopus, the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature. Search and access research from the science, technology, medicine, social sciences and arts and humanities fields.
Wireless Channel Modeling: Challenges Across the Field and Significance of Modeling Inaccuracies (2023)

The modeling of wireless channels has been ongoing for over a century. Recent expansion of wireless applications in an expanding variety of environments along with the use of higher frequency bands has brought the need for new types of channel models, new modeling techniques, and greater modeling accuracy. In this paper we review these topics as an introduction to our special session Frontiers in Propagation and Wireless Channel Modeling. We describe the session contents, current active channel modeling areas and techniques, and how new applications bring new and more stringent requirements for accurate channel modeling. We also briefly describe the importance of accurate channel modeling to new and future applications.
Biomechanical properties of repairs for dislocated AC joints using suture button systems with integrated tendon augmentation (2011)

Controlled laboratory study.
Scrotal-inguinal Ultrasonography: A Technique for Identifying the Nonpalpable Inguinal Testis without Laparoscopy (1996)

Scrotal-inguinal ultrasound identifies patients with nonpalpable testes who will maximally benefit from diagnostic laparoscopy. When diagnostic laparoscopy was limited to nonpalpable testes without palpable nubbins and negative scrotal-inguinal ultrasound, only 13 of 74 (18%) required laparoscopy. Inguinal exploration without further diagnostic studies is appropriate for boys with nonpalpable testes and palpable nubbins.
Metallurgical Properties of Unalloyed Titanium Limited Contact Dynamic Compression Plates (1994)

The AO/ASIF Limited Contact Dynamic Compression Plate (LC-DCP®) is fabricated from implant quality unalloyed titanium material that conforms to ASTM F67 standard [1]. Broad and narrow 4.5 mm plates and small 3.5 mm plates are used with unalloyed titanium bone screws for fracture fixation of the femur, tibia, and forearm. The LC-DCP concept of biological plating is described elsewhere. Metallurgical properties must be closely controlled to provide a satisfactory level of functional performance. Microstructure, composition, processing, and testing guidelines are important for bone plate applications. Optimum microstructure features include fine grain size, absence of nonmetallic inclusions, and low volume fraction of TiFe intermetallic phase. The influence of iron on the corrosion resistance of unalloyed titanium is well documented. Special metallurgical processing ensures an enhanced combination of strength and ductility. Bone plate raw material is evaluated according to a standardized bend test method. Four point bend testing data is compared for titanium LC-DCP and 316L stainless steel DCP implants.
Seamless grid interaction for a switched doubly-fed machine propulsion drive (2015)

Switched doubly-fed machine (DFM) drives can provide shaft speed control over a wide range without the need for a full power converter. Seamless shaft behavior across the complete speed range is achieved using a thyristor-based transfer switch in the stator of the DFM and appropriate control in the rotor converter. The drive must also operate without glitch with respect to the ac source. The seamless grid interaction is critical in applications such as in ship propulsion, where the drive may consume a major share of the generated power. This paper presents a coordinated control of the rotor converter that can ensure seamless operation for the switched-DFM drive with respect to the ac source. A laboratory setup emulating a ship microgrid is used to demonstrate the drive performance under different loading conditions.
High birefringence triangular optical nanowire in suspended-core fiber for temperature sensing (2013)

Triangular nanowires that present a high birefringence and a very strong confinement were fabricated by tapering suspended-core fibers (SCFs) down to core diameters below 1000 nm. Each nanowire presented a high birefringence with an order of magnitude of 10(-3). As the spectra of the SCF tapers inserted in fiber loop mirrors can be used to generate a sinusoidal interference pattern from the two main modes (fast and slow axis), a nanowire was employed as a sensing element in a Sagnac interferometer for measuring temperature. Temperature sensitivity was determined to be -56.2 pm/K using a triangular nanowire of 810 nm in-circle diameter when compared with that of a conventional untapered SCF whose temperature sensitivity is -2.1 pm/K. (C) 2013 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)
Electronic compensation of chromatic dispersion using a digital coherent receiver (2007)

Digital signal processing (DSP) combined with a phase and polarization diverse coherent receiver is a promising technology for future optical networks. Not only can the DSP be used to remove the need for dynamic polarization control, but also it may be utilized to compensate for nonlinear and linear transmission impairments. In this paper we present results of a 42.8Gbit/s nonlinear transmission experiment, using polarization multiplexed QPSK data at 10.7GBaud, with 4 bits per symbol. The digital coherent receiver allows 107,424 ps/nm of chromatic dispersion to be compensated digitally after transmission over 6400km of standard single mode fiber.
4-Aminopyridine Is Superior to 3,4-Diaminopyridine in the Treatment of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis (1994)

Our data suggest that, concerning both efficacy and side effects, 4-aminopyridine is superior to 3,4-diaminopyridine in the treatment of patients with multiple sclerosis.
Investigation of White Layers Formed in Conventional and Cryogenic Hard Turning of Steels (2003)

Although hard turning of steels has become an accepted industrial practice reducing the extent of grinding, many surface integrity aspects of hard turning require clarification. The striking result of hard turning is the tendency for forming white (non-etching) and dark (overtempered) layers at machined surface. White layers are often associated with residual tensile stresses leading to reduced fatigue strength and poor wear resistance. It has been reported that certain steel compositions, machining conditions, and tools enhance white layers, but no consensus was reached on the nature of white layer and the role of environmental factors. This study examines the impact of cryogenic, liquid nitrogen spray cooling, tool and work materials, as well as machining speed on white layer formation. Results are evaluated using XRD, SEM, EDS, AES, residual stress measurement and microhardness profiling. It is concluded that white layers are a purely thermomechanical phenomenon involving dissolution of low-alloy carbides into austenitic matrix, and catastrophic flow of that 1-phase material resulting in its nano-scale refinement. The depth and extent of the refinement are controlled by cooling, with the cryogenic nitrogen reducing white layer thickness, loss of hardness, and improving residual stress distribution.
A 12-wavelength NIR Spectral Tomography (NIRST) System for Monitoring Breast Tumor Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (2018)

The total data acquisition time of simultaneous acquisition involving six FD and six CW wavelengths are less than 100 seconds. 10 patients who undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy have been imaged by this system.
A Survey of New Technologies Used by Siemens Energy for the Monitoring and Diagnosis of a Global Fleet of Power Generation Systems (2009)

Siemens has been on the cutting edge of the power generation business for over a century and has been providing diagnostics systems design and implementation since the early 1980s. Siemens Power Diagnostics® Services is designed to maximize plant performance, availability and profitability. Engineering knowledge, combined with the use of sophisticated tools, provides trending and analysis capabilities to address a broad range of operating needs specific to each customer. The goal of Power Diagnostics® is to enhance Siemens assistance to our customers through the detection of impending operational problems thereby helping to minimize unplanned outages and maximize power generation availability. A variety of new technologies are being harnessed to further this goal. A survey and discussion of these technologies will be the goal of this paper. Some of the projects discussed will be; Advances in the Power Plant Automated Diagnostics Systems, Blade Vibration Monitor (BVM), Fiber Optic Vibration Monitor (FOVM), and the Radio Frequency Monitor (RFM). The development and verification phases of research projects have often been conducted at customer sites. Many aspects of these technologies are new and will be of interest to gas turbine engineers as they are not widely applied yet. It is hoped that the reader will gain a new appreciation for the scope of modern diagnostic methods for power generation systems.
Nonlinear modeling and digital predistortion for HF transmitters with harmonic cancelation (2022)

Abstract High frequency (HF) transmitters implemented with the multi‐octave power amplifier (PA) are always faced with the problem of interfering harmonics because of the nonlinearity of the PA. In this paper, the harmonic cancelation digital predistortion (HC‐DPD) scheme is proposed and well discussed to cancel the in‐band intermodulation distortion (IMD) as well as out‐of‐band harmonics at the same time. With the digital filter‐less scheme, the bulky and lossy filter banks can be removed. Nonlinear models are first utilized to approximate the nonlinear behavior of the HF PA and compared in terms of the model accuracy. Then, the learning architecture, model identification, and feedback compensation of the HC‐DPD scheme are detailed discussed. Finally, a series of simulations and experiments demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed nonlinear models and linearization algorithms.
Flexible Transmission Scheme for 4G Wireless Systems with Multiple Antennas (2005)

New air interfaces are currently being developed to meet the high requirements of the emerging wireless communication systems. In this context, the combinations of the multicarrier (MC) and spread-spectrum (SS) technologies are promising candidates. In this paper, we propose a generic transmission scheme that allows to instantiate all the combinations of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) and cyclic-prefixed single-carrier (SC) modulations with direct-sequence code-division multiple access (DS-CDMA). The generic transmission scheme is extended to integrate the space-division multiplexing (SDM) and the orthogonal space-time block coding (STBC). Based on a generalized matrix model, the linear frequency-domain minimum mean square error (MMSE) joint detector is derived. A mode selection strategy for up- and downlink is advised that efficiently trades off the cost of the mobile terminal and the achieved performance of a high-mobility cellular system. It is demonstrated that an adaptive transceiver that supports the proposed communication modes is necessary to track the changing communication conditions.
Data from Identification of a Human Airway Epithelial Cell Subpopulation with Altered Biophysical, Molecular, and Metastatic Properties (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Lung cancers are documented to have remarkable intratumoral genetic heterogeneity. However, little is known about the heterogeneity of biophysical properties, such as cell motility, and its relationship to early disease pathogenesis and micrometastatic dissemination. In this study, we identified and selected a subpopulation of highly migratory premalignant airway epithelial cells that were observed to migrate through microscale constrictions at up to 100-fold the rate of the unselected immortalized epithelial cell lines. This enhanced migratory capacity was found to be Rac1-dependent and heritable, as evidenced by maintenance of the phenotype through multiple cell divisions continuing more than 8 weeks after selection. The morphology of this lung epithelial subpopulation was characterized by increased cell protrusion intensity. In a murine model of micrometastatic seeding and pulmonary colonization, the motility-selected premalignant cells exhibit both enhanced survival in short-term assays and enhanced outgrowth of premalignant lesions in longer-term assays, thus overcoming important aspects of “metastatic inefficiency.” Overall, our findings indicate that among immortalized premalignant airway epithelial cell lines, subpopulations with heritable motility-related biophysical properties exist, and these may explain micrometastatic seeding occurring early in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. Understanding, targeting, and preventing these critical biophysical traits and their underlying molecular mechanisms may provide a new approach to prevent metastatic behavior. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Prev Res; 10(9); 514–24. ©2017 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;See related editorial by Hynds and Janes, p. 491&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Multi-Row Film Cooling Performances of a High Lift Blade and Vane (2012)

This paper investigates the aerodynamic and film cooling effectiveness characteristics of a first stage turbine high lift guide vane and its corresponding downstream blade. The vane and blade geometrical profiles and operating conditions are representative of that normally found in a heavy-duty gas turbine. Both the vane and the blade airfoils consist of multi-row film cooling holes located at various axial positions along the airfoil chord. The film cooling holes are geometrically three-dimensional in shape and depending on the location on the airfoil; they can be either symmetrically fan shaped or non-symmetrically fan shaped. Additionally the film cooling holes can be either compounded or in-line with the external flow direction. Numerical studies and experimental investigations in a linear cascade have been conducted at vane and blade exit isentropic Mach number of 0.8. The influence of the coolant flow ejected from the film cooling holes has been investigated for both the vane and the blade profiles. For the nozzle guide vane, the measured film cooling effectiveness compared well with the predictions, especially on the pressure side. The suction side film cooling effectiveness, which consisted of two pre-throat film rows, proved very effective up-to the suction side trailing edge. For the blade, there was a reasonable comparison between the measured and predicted film cooling effectiveness. Again the blade pre-throat fan shaped cooling holes proved very effective up-to the suction side trailing edge. For the vane, the impact of varying the blowing ratios showed a strong variation in the film cooling effectiveness on the pressure side. However, on the blade, the effect of varying the blowing ratio had a greater impact on the suction side film effectiveness compared to the pressure side.