gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical Studies with the Nova Ise for IMg2+ (1994)

The Nova ISE for IMg2+ was utilized to examine IMg2+ in plasma and serum of patients with a variety of pathophysiologic and disease syndromes (e.g., long-term renal transplants [LTRT], during and before cardiac surgery, migraine headaches, head trauma, pregnancy, chronic fatigue syndrome [CFS], non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus [NIDDM], asthma and after excessive dietary intake of Mg). The results indicate that LTRT treated with cyclosporin A, migraine, head trauma, pregnancy, NIDDM, diseased pregnant, and asthmatic patients all on the average, exhibit significant depression in IMg2+ but not total Mg (TMg). Patients with CFS failed to exhibit changes in serum IMg2+ or TMg levels. Increased dietary load of Mg, for only 6 days, resulted in significant elevations of serum IMg2+ but not TMg. Correlations between the clinical course of several of these syndromes and the fall in IMg2+ were found. The Ca2+/Mg2+ ratio appears to be an important guide for signs of peripheral vasoconstriction and or spasm and possibly enhanced atherogenesis. Overall, the data point to important uses for ISE's for IMg2+ in the diagnosis and treatment of disease states.
Photoaktive hybride Nanomaterialien für gezieltes Anbinden, Markieren und Töten von Antibiotika‐resistenten Bakterien (2009)

Töten mit Licht: Aminogruppen, ein Farbstoff und ein 1O2-Photoproduzent machen einen nanometergroßen Zeolith L zum Wirkstoff gegen Antibiotika-resistente Bakterien, indem sie die Funktionen Anbinden, Markieren bzw. Töten übernehmen.
Generation and applications of ultrafast x-ray pulses (1989)

The interaction of intense subpicosecond laser pulses with solid targets is of interest for the study of high density plasmas and the production of short pulse x-ray sources. When an intense laser is focused onto the surface of a solid, a high temperature plasma is produced. If the laser pulse is short, the energy can be absorbed by the electrons in an optical skin depth, leading to rapid ionization before significant ablation of the solid occurs. Rapid cooling of hot electrons is expected due to thermal conduction into the underlying cold material, electron energy loss to ions, and expansion.
<title>Resolution degradation due to brain tissue scattering</title> (1998)

We have investigated the imaging of structural details at various depths within rat brain tissue to better understand the loss of resolution and contrast due in large part to light scattering. A target was imaged through various thicknesses of tissue; the normalized slope of transition between light and dark regions of the images was used as an effective resolution index. The ERI improves dramatically as the wavelength is increased: 0.03 at 600nm, 0.3 at 850nm for a 270 micrometers -thick hippocampus slice. A comparable change was noted for a 270 micrometers -thick cortex slice. For a fixed wavelength, ERI decreases for thicker hippocampus slices, form 0.67 at 220 micrometers to 0.31 at 250 micrometers and to 0.24 at 300 micrometers . Image contrast improves with longer wavelength: from 0.9 at 600nm to 9.5 at 850 nm; from 0.9 at 600nm to 4.6 at 850nm. Despite regional differences in the transparent of brain regions, images were degraded less by scattering at longer wavelengths, arguing strongly for the use of near-IR wavelengths for microscopic imaging either with transmitted light or fluorescent emission for exploring deeper biological structures.
Deep Blue Emitter Based on Tris(triazolo)triazine Moiety with CIEy < 0.08 for Highly Efficient Solution‐Processed Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Via Molecular Strategy of “Hot Excitons” (2022)

Abstract Realizing high efficiency deep blue emission with a Commission international de I'Eclairage (CIE) coordinate of CIE y &lt; 0.08 is still a big challenge. In this contribution, three molecules, named TTT‐TPA‐R (R = H, OMe, t Bu), using tris(triazolo)triazine (TTT) as the acceptor and triphenylamine derivatives (TPA‐R, R = H, OMe, and t Bu) as the donor are prepared and characterized. All these emitters show deep/pure blue emission between 420 and 470 nm in the PMMA film, concomitant with the excellent emission efficiency of 80–100%. Both experimental and calculated methods demonstrate that these emitters exhibit a clearly hybridized local and charge‐transfer excited state and can harvest both singlet and triplet excitons via reverse intersystem crossing process from the high‐lying triplet to singlet states. Therefore, the solution processable deep blue organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) achieve a maximum external quantum efficiency ( EQE max ) of 10.5% which is the recorded value for the solution processable deep blue OLED based on the “hot exciton” mechanism. Using TTT‐TPA‐H as the host material, solution‐processed phosphorescent OLED based on PO‐01 presents the EQE max of 20.2%. These results pave a novel avenue for designing highly efficient deep blue emitter in solution processable OLED.
Histopathologic correlation of PI-RADS V.2 lesions on 3T multiparametric prostate MRI. (2016)

10 Background: Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PIRADS) Version 2 was recently issued by The American College of Radiology. Each score, from 1 to 5, corresponds to the likelihood of clinically significant cancer. We aim to evaluate the correlation between a higher PIRADS score and the presence of high grade tumor on histopathology. Methods: 300 consecutive 3T Multiparametric Prostate MRI (MP-MRI) were identified from March 26, 2012, to June 29, 2015. We reviewed patient charts and a total of 102 patients underwent either a transrectal ultrasound guided (TRUS) biopsy or a total prostatectomy after the MP-MRI. Thirty-four patients were excluded due to prior radiation or cryoablation to the prostate, leaving 68 treatment-naive patients (44-84 years). MP-MRIs were re-interpreted utilizing the new PIRADS V.2 scoring system and correlated with pathology findings. Statistical comparisons were made using R (v.3.1.2) and Fisher’s exact test. Results: High grade (Gleason 8-10) tumors were found only in MP-MRI with a PIRADS score of 5 and a higher percentage of tumor is found in MP-MRI with PIRADS scores of 4 and 5 (80%) when compared to PIRADS scores of 2 and 3 (32%). Low grade (Gleason 6-7) tumors were also found in both PIRADS 4 and 5 categories. There was a significant relationship between a higher PIRADS score and a finding of cancer on pathology (p = 0.0003, OR=0.118, 95% CI 0.03-0.41). Conclusions: The PIRADS scoring system is a useful tool in suggesting the likelihood of clinically significant cancer, with high grade tumors found only in MP-MRI with a score of PIRADS 5. However, MP-MRI and PIRADS criteria alone are not sufficient for determining clinically significant prostate cancer since both high grade and low grade tumors were found in PIRADS 5 and 4 categories. Correlation with other clinical parameters and biopsy is required for confirmation. A larger scale study would be helpful for further delineation. [Table: see text]
A Dihydride Mechanism Can Explain the Intriguing Substrate Selectivity of Iron-PNP-Mediated Hydrogenation (2017)

Iron-PNP pincer complexes are efficient catalysts for the hydrogenation of aldehydes and ketones. A variety of hydrogenation mechanisms have been proposed for these systems, but there appears to be no clear consensus on a preferred pathway. We have employed high-level quantum chemical calculations to evaluate various mechanistic possibilities for iron-PNP catalysts containing either CH2, NCH3, or NH in the PNP linker. For all three catalyst types, we propose that the active species is a trans-dihydride complex. For CH2- and NH-containing complexes, we predict a dihydride mechanism involving a dearomatization of the backbone. The proposed mechanism proceeds through a metal-bound alkoxide intermediate, in excellent agreement with experimental observations. Interestingly, the relative stability of the iron-alkoxide can explain why complexes with NCH3 in the PNP linker are chemoselective for aldehydes, whereas those with CH2 or NH in the linker do not show a clear substrate preference. As a general concept in computational catalysis, we recommend to employ known substrate selectivities as a diagnostic factor to evaluate the probability of proposed mechanisms.
Using Vocabularies to Collaboratively Create Better Plans for Writing Tasks (2018)

Having a step-by-step list of instructions for completing a task - a plan - enables people to make progress on challenging tasks, but making plans for tasks is a tedious job. Asking crowdworkers to make plans for others' tasks only works for independent (context-free) tasks, and asking people who have context (e.g., friends or collaborators) has social costs and quality concerns. Our goal is to reduce the costs and improve quality of planning by people who have context in the context-rich domain of writing. We introduce a vocabulary (a finite set of functions pertaining to writing tasks) to aid the planning process. We develop a writing vocabulary by analyzing 264 comments, and compare plans created using this vocabulary to those created without any aid, in a study with 768 comments (N=145). We show that using a vocabulary reduces the planning time and effort compared to unstructured planning, and opens the door for automation and task sharing for complex tasks.
Synthesis and electrochemical and electroluminescent properties of N‐phenylcarbazole‐substituted poly(p‐phenylenevinylene) (2005)

Abstract An N ‐phenylcarbazole‐containing poly( p ‐phenylenevinylene) (PPV), poly[(2‐(4′‐carbazol‐9‐yl‐phenyl)‐5‐octyloxy‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene)‐ alt ‐(2‐(2′‐ethylhexyloxy)‐5‐methoxy‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene)] (Cz‐PPV), was synthesized, and its optical, electrochemical, and electroluminescent properties were studied. The molecular structures of the key intermediates, the carbazole‐containing boronic ester and the dialdehyde monomer, were crystallographically characterized. The polymer was soluble in common organic solvents and exhibited good thermal stability with a 5% weight loss at temperatures above 420 °C in nitrogen. A cyclic voltammogram showed the oxidation peak potentials of both the pendant carbazole group and the PPV main chain, indicating that the hole‐injection ability of the polymer would be improved by the introduction of the carbazole‐functional group. A single‐layer light‐emitting diode (LED) with a simple configuration of indium tin oxide (ITO)/Cz‐PPV (80 nm)/Ca/Al exhibited a bright yellow emission with a brightness of 1560 cd/m 2 at a bias of 11 V and a current density of 565 mA/cm 2 . A double‐layer LED device with the configuration of ITO/poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxy‐2,5‐thiophene):poly (styrenesulfonic acid) (60 nm)/Cz‐PPV (80 nm)/Ca/Al gave a low turn‐on voltage at 3 V and a maximum brightness of 6600 cd/m 2 at a bias of 8 V. The maximum electroluminescent efficiency corresponding to the double‐layer device was 1.15 cd/A, 0.42 lm/W, and 0.5%. The desired electroluminescence results demonstrated that the incorporation of hole‐transporting functional groups into the PPVs was effective for enhancing the electroluminescent performance. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 5765–5773, 2005
Vinyliden‐übergangsmetallkomplexe, XVII. Synthese von trans‐[IrCl(=C=CH2)(PR3)2] (PR3 = PMetBu2, PPh3), [IrHCl(CCPh)(PMe2tBu)3] und einigen Dihydridoiridium(III)‐Komplexen (1991)

Vinylidene Transition‐Metal Complexes, XVII. — Synthesis of trans ‐[IrCl(=C=CH 2 )(PR 3 ) 2 ] (PR 3 = PMe t Bu 2 , PPh 3 ), [IrHCl(CCPh)(PMe 2 t Bu) 3 ], and of some Dihydridoiridium(III) Complexes [IrCl(C 8 H 14 ) 2 ] 2 ( 1 ) reacts with PMe t Bu 2 in the presence of H 2 to give [IrH 2 Cl(PMe t Bu 2 ) 2 ] ( 2 ). Treatment of 2 with acetylene yields the vinylidene complex trans ‐[IrCl(=C=CH 2 )‐(PMe t Bu 2 ) 2 ] ( 3 ). The reaction of 1 with PMePh 2 or PMe 2 t Bu in the presence of H 2 leads to the formation of fac ‐[IrH 2 Cl(PR 3 ) 3 ] ( 4a , 5a ), which on warming to 60°C rearrange to give the more stable mer isomers 4b , 5b . Treatment of 1 with PMePh 2 or PMe 2 t Bu and phenylacetylene affords the hydrido(phenyl‐ethynyl)iridium(III) compounds mer ‐[IrHCl(CCPh)(PR 3 ) 3 ] ( 8, 9 ), which could not be converted by phosphine elimination to the corresponding (phenylvinylidene)iridium complexes. The synthesis of trans ‐[IrCl(=C=CH 2 )(PPh 3 ) 2 ] ( 11 ) has been achieved by CO abstraction from [IrHCl(CCH)(CO)(PPh 3 ) 2 ] ( 13 ) by using trimethylamine oxide.
Acclimation to low [CO 2 ] by an inorganic carbon‐concentrating mechanism in Cyanophora paradoxa (2007)

The glaucocystophyte Cyanophora paradoxa contains cyanelles, plastids with prokaroytic features such as a peptidoglycan wall and a central proteinaceous inclusion body. While this central body includes the majority of the enzyme ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxgenase Rubisco), the presence of a carbon-concentrating mechanism (CCM) in C. paradoxa has only been hypothesized. Here, we present physiological data in support of a CCM: CO(2) exchange activity as well as apparent affinity against inorganic carbon were found to increase under CO(2)-limiting stress. Further, expressed sequence tags (ESTs) of C. paradoxa were obtained from two cDNA libraries, one from cells grown in high [CO(2)] conditions and one from cells grown under low [CO(2)] conditions. A cDNA microarray platform assembled from 2378 cDNA sequences revealed that 142 genes significantly responded to a shift from high to low [CO(2)]. Trends in gene expression were comparable to those reported for Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and the cyanobacterium Synechocystis 6803, both possessing a CCM. Among genes regulated by [CO(2)], transcripts were identified encoding carbonic anhydrases (CAs), Rubisco activase and a putative bicarbonate transporter in C. paradoxa, likely functionally involved in the CCM. These results and the polyhedric appearance of the central body further support the hypothesis of a unique 'eukaryotic carboxysome' in Cyanophora.
Microlens arrays with integrated pores as a multipattern photomask (2005)

Photolithographic masks are key components in the fabrication process of patterned substrates for various applications. Different patterns generally require different photomasks, whose total cost is high for the multilevel fabrication of three-dimensional microstructures. We developed a photomask that combines two imaging elements—microlens arrays and clear windows—in one structure. Such structures can be produced using multibeam interference lithography. We demonstrate their application as multipattern photomasks; that is, by using the same photomask and simply adjusting (i) the illumination dose, (ii) the distance between the mask and the photoresist film, and (iii) the tone of photoresist, we are able to create a variety of different microscale patterns with controlled sizes, geometries, and symmetries that originate from the lenses, clear windows, or their combination. The experimental results agree well with the light field calculations.
Optimizing Over-The-Air Virtual Reality Broadcast Transmissions with Low-Latency Feedback (2018)

Virtual reality is one of the most challenging use cases in 5G due to the need for simultaneous support for high data rates, low-latency and high-reliability. In this work, we consider a radio resource efficient mechanism for the mass delivery of such content to a multitude of users with D2D augmented 5G broadcast. Based on detailed performance evaluations conducted using 5G system setting, it is shown that the optimized mechanism can provide significant gains in terms of cell-edge user throughput and resultant spectral requirements for broadcast. The performance gains are obtained due to the ability of the system to optimize the operating point, instead of targeting the worst user which has been the traditional approach for broadcast. The proposed mechanism could be an enabler for mitigating the key challenges currently foreseen for the broadcast of such immersive content.
On Writing Grant Proposals (1988)

1Institute for Sensory Research, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 2College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas Received May 12, 1988 * Ph.D. + Optometrist, Ph.D., F.A.A.O. AUTHORS' ADDRESS: Denis G. Pelli Institute for Sensory Research Syracuse University Syracuse, NY 13244-5290 Dennis M. Levi College of Optometry University of Houston Houston, TX 77004
A case‐mix‐adjusted comparison of early oncological outcomes of open and robotic prostatectomy performed by experienced high volume surgeons (2013)

In this relatively high risk cohort of patients undergoing radical prostatectomy we found no evidence to suggest that ORP resulted in better early oncological outcomes then RALP. Oncological outcome after radical prostatectomy may be driven more by surgeon factors than surgical approach.
Current-Induced Domain-Wall Motion for Electron Flow in Ferromagnetic Pt/Co/Ni/Co/Pt Wires (2016)

We report the current-induced domain-wall (CIDW) motion along the electron flow in the perpendicularly magnetized Co/Ni/Co structure sandwiched between the top and bottom Pt layers, observed by means of the Kerr microscope. As the lower Co thickness increases, the DW velocity for the electron flow is significantly increased, and also its motion becomes more stable irrespective of various current pulses. From the longitudinal field dependence of the DW velocity, it is found that the increase of the lower Co thickness increases a Dyzaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in the bottom Co/Pt interface, which results in the increase of the chiral spin torque, responsible for the increase of the DW velocity along the electron flow.
Load Aggregation Methods for Quasi-Static Power Flow Analysis on High PV Penetration Feeders (2018)

This paper focuses on developing load aggregation methodologies for analyzing quasi-static power flows on high photovoltaic penetrated distribution feeders so statistics of the transformer loading levels, voltage ramping events, and voltage violation events can be properly quantified. A load profile aggregation algorithm is presented to construct 24-hour, minute-by-minute load profiles at each load node on the test feeder so the aggregation of those load profiles matches the load profile measured at the feeder head. A quasi-static power flow analyses are conducted to obtain minute-by-minute power flow results that can be used to quantify transformer overloads and voltage issues in distribution systems. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed methodology, the IEEE-123 test feeder model and residential load profiles collected from the PECAN street project are used in the case studies. Simulation results show that the method is effective in producing the required operation statistics.
LSGM-Based Solid Oxide Fuel Cell with 1.4 W/cm2 Power Density and 30 Day Long-Term Stability (2005)

A single solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) with a (LSGM) electrolyte thick with as fuel gave peak power density at . With a (LDC) buffer layer thick between the electrolyte and the two electrodes, a test showed essentially no degradation of the output power. The tests demonstrated the feasibility of an SOFC operating at temperatures with LSGM as the electrolyte. Moreover, an LSGM electrolyte thick with LDC buffer layers on either side offers a convenient test bed for the exploration of new electrode materials.
Protection against dengue disease by synthetic nucleic acid antibody prophylaxis/immunotherapy (2015)

Dengue virus (DENV) is the most important mosquito-borne viral infection in humans. In recent years, the number of cases and outbreaks has dramatically increased worldwide. While vaccines are being developed, none are currently available that provide balanced protection against all DENV serotypes. Advances in human antibody isolation have uncovered DENV neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) that are capable of preventing infection from multiple serotypes. Yet delivering monoclonal antibodies using conventional methods is impractical due to high costs. Engineering novel methods of delivering monoclonal antibodies could tip the scale in the fight against DENV. Here we demonstrate that simple intramuscular delivery by electroporation of synthetic DNA plasmids engineered to express modified human nAbs against multiple DENV serotypes confers protection against DENV disease and prevents antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of disease in mice. This synthetic nucleic acid antibody prophylaxis/immunotherapy approach may have important applications in the fight against infectious disease.
Abstract 612: In vivo Molecular-Structural Imaging of Endothelial Permeability and Inflammation Assesses Injury Following Stent Implantation (2019)

Background: Local injury after stent implantation is implicated in restenosis, however the role of vascular permeability and early inflammation has not been assessed in vivo. We investigated the st...
Quorum sensing inhibitors from Leucetta chagosensis Dendy, 1863 (2015)

A new type of quorum sensing inhibitors was isolated from the sponge Leucetta chagosensis. One of them inhibits strongly the AI-2 channel of Vibrio harveyi, a marine pathogen of special importance in aquaculture. The activity of five different related compounds, including three new natural products discovered there, was investigated leading to structure-activity relationships which are useful for the design of new quorum sensing inhibitors to control marine infectious pathogens.
Lignocellulose degradation mechanisms across the Tree of Life (2015)

Organisms use diverse mechanisms involving multiple complementary enzymes, particularly glycoside hydrolases (GHs), to deconstruct lignocellulose. Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) produced by bacteria and fungi facilitate deconstruction as does the Fenton chemistry of brown-rot fungi. Lignin depolymerisation is achieved by white-rot fungi and certain bacteria, using peroxidases and laccases. Meta-omics is now revealing the complexity of prokaryotic degradative activity in lignocellulose-rich environments. Protists from termite guts and some oomycetes produce multiple lignocellulolytic enzymes. Lignocellulose-consuming animals secrete some GHs, but most harbour a diverse enzyme-secreting gut microflora in a mutualism that is particularly complex in termites. Shipworms however, house GH-secreting and LPMO-secreting bacteria separate from the site of digestion and the isopod Limnoria relies on endogenous enzymes alone. The omics revolution is identifying many novel enzymes and paradigms for biomass deconstruction, but more emphasis on function is required, particularly for enzyme cocktails, in which LPMOs may play an important role.