gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhanced privacy in broadcast passive optical networks through the use of spectral slicing in waveguide grating routers (1997)

We have measured the ability of a third party to intercept upstream messages in both passive splitter-based and waveguide-grating router-based broadcast passive optical networks. Bit-error-rate (BER) measurements at 150 Mb/s indicate that privacy is enhanced by at least 14 dB in the router-based network, and will improve further with router developments.
Design of a reconfigurable transmit-array at X-band frequencies (2012)

International audience
Erectile preservation following radical prostatectomy (2011)

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men, representing approximately 25% of all new cancer diagnoses in the USA. For clinically localized prostate cancer, the gold standard for therapy remains radical prostatectomy. One of the main adverse effects of this procedure is erectile dysfunction, which can have a significant impact on the patient's quality of life. There are several mechanisms of erectile dysfunction postprostatectomy, including arteriogenic, venogenic and neurogenic types, as well as the potentially heightened risk of postprostatectomy patients to develop Peyronie's disease. The purpose of this review is to explain the various treatment options available, including phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, intracavernosal injections, intraurethral alprostadil suppositories, vacuum erection devices, and penile prostheses. The role of these therapies in an erectile-dysfunction-treatment function, as well as in penile rehabilitation, will be discussed. Finally, a review of research on novel therapies will also be presented. A comprehensive literature review was performed using the PubMed database. Articles were chosen based on topical relevance and assessed for methodology and major findings. There are data to support the use of each of the therapeutic options in both treatment and rehabilitative roles. More study is needed, however, specifically in regard to penile rehabilitation, to confirm its benefits, as well as to determine optimal rehabilitation protocols.
Near-threshold voltage (NTV) design (2012)

Moore's Law will continue providing abundance of transistors for integration, only to be limited by the energy consumption. Near threshold voltage (NTV) operation has potential to improve energy efficiency by an order of magnitude. We discuss design techniques necessary for reliable operation over a wide range of supply voltage---from nominal down to subthreshold region. The system designed for NTV can dynamically select modes of operation, from high performance, to high energy efficiency, to the lowest power.
Rapid Access to Polyketide Scaffolds via Vinylogous Mukaiyama Aldol Reactions (2001)

[reaction: see text]. The use of the Z-configured vinylogous silyl ketene acetals in Mukaiyama aldol reactions is described. Isopropyl alcohol as scavanger and the use of tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane as the Lewis acid are required for obtaining the gamma-alkylated syn-product selectively. In cases of alpha-chiral aldehydes, Felkin-Anh selectivity was observed.
Transfected DNA Is Mutated in Monkey, Mouse, and Human Cells (1984)

Papovavirus-based shuttle vectors containing the bacterial lacI gene were used to show that a mutation frequency in the range of 1% occurs in lacI when such vectors are transfected into COS7 and CV-1 simian cells, NIH 3T3, 3T6, L, and C127 mouse cells, and human 293 and HeLa cells. This frequency is approximately four orders of magnitude higher than the spontaneous mutation frequency in either mammalian or bacterial cells. The mutations are predominantly base substitutions and deletions and also include insertions from the mammalian genome. Time course experiments argue that mutagenesis occurs soon after arrival of the DNA into the nucleus. However, replication of the vector is not required since mutations occur even when the vector lacks all viral sequences. The high mutation frequency appears to be the characteristic outcome of transfection of DNA into mammalian cells.
A Fully-Integrated Sensing and Control System for High-Accuracy Mobile\n Robotic Building Construction (2019)

We present a fully-integrated sensing and control system which enables mobile\nmanipulator robots to execute building tasks with millimeter-scale accuracy on\nbuilding construction sites. The approach leverages multi-modal sensing\ncapabilities for state estimation, tight integration with digital building\nmodels, and integrated trajectory planning and whole-body motion control. A\nnovel method for high-accuracy localization updates relative to the known\nbuilding structure is proposed. The approach is implemented on a real platform\nand tested under realistic construction conditions. We show that the system can\nachieve sub-cm end-effector positioning accuracy during fully autonomous\noperation using solely on-board sensing.\n
Extended SiC Defects: Polarized Light Microscopy Delineation and Synchrotron White-Beam X-Ray Topography Ratification (2003)

A simple imaging technique using polarized light microscopy (PLM) has been developed to delineate and map the defects in silicon carbide (SiC) wafers. The correlation of different defects using synchrotron white-beam X-ray topography (SWBXT) and PLM has been established. The previously reported wave-shaped PLM features observed using PLM are confirmed to be screw dislocations by SWBXT. PLM can be used for rapid assessment of the quality of SiC substrates and substrates with an epitaxial film.
Transistor operations in 30-nm-gate-length EJ-MOSFETs (2002)

Discusses fabrication of electrically variable shallow junction MOSFETs (EJ-MOSFETs) to investigate transistor characteristics in ultra-fine gate MOSFETs. By using electron beam (EB) lithography and an ultra-high resolution resist (Calixarene), we could achieve a gate length of 30 nm for the first time. Since the short-channel effects are effectively suppressed by electrically induced ultra-shallow source/drain regions in the structure, the fabricated device exhibited normal transistor characteristics in the 30-nm-gate-length regime at 300 K.
Growth hormone acts along the PPARγ-FSP27 axis to stimulate lipolysis in human adipocytes (2018)

The lipolytic effects of growth hormone (GH) have been known for half a century and play an important physiological role for substrate metabolism during fasting. In addition, sustained GH-induced lipolysis is causally linked to insulin resistance. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In the present study, we obtained experimental data in human subjects and used human adipose-derived stromal vascular cells (hADSCs) as a model system to elucidate GH-triggered molecular signaling that stimulates adipose tissue lipolysis and insulin resistance in human adipocytes. We discovered that GH downregulates the expression of fat-specific protein (FSP27), a negative regulator of lipolysis, by impairing the transcriptional ability of the master transcriptional regulator, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) via MEK/ERK activation. Ultimately, GH treatment promotes phosphorylation of PPARγ at Ser<sup>273</sup> and causes its translocation from nucleus to the cytosol. Surprisingly, FSP27 overexpression inhibited PPARγ Ser<sup>273</sup> phosphorylation and promoted its nuclear retention. GH antagonist treatment had similar effects. Our study identifies a novel signaling mechanism by which GH transcriptionally induces lipolysis via the MEK/ERK pathway that acts along PPARγ-FSP27 in human adipose tissue.
Abstract 6572: A lung cancer cell line explorer (2023)

Abstract Over 300 lung cancer cell lines have been established in the past few decades with clinical annotations. Efforts from multiple institutions comprehensively profiled these cell lines for their genetic and epigenetic variations, gene and protein expression, metabolism, and functional liabilities. These data provide an unprecedented opportunity to accelerate lung cancer research. We developed a lung cancer cell line explorer at https://lccl.shinyapps.io/LCCL/ integrating over 35 datasets. We also incorporated engineered features such as pathway enrichment scores from copy number-denoised transcriptomic data and neuroendocrine scores. Our web application allows users to 1) query and download the processed datasets, 2) assess data reproducibility across studies, 3) review genomic abnormalities, 4) perform ad hoc bivariate analyses with the option to add filtering or coloring by a third feature, 5) generate heatmaps and correlation maps, 6) perform global association test to screen for significant association between a feature of interest and all features from a dataset of interest, and 7) upload their own datasets to be analyzed in conjunction with our in-house datasets. In summary, this online tool will greatly facilitate the utilization of high-dimensional datasets that characterize lung cancer cell lines. Citation Format: Ling Cai, Luc Girard, Ralph DeBerardinis, Guanghua Xiao, John Minna, Yang Xie. A lung cancer cell line explorer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6572.
Exclusively visual analysis of classroom group interactions (2016)

Large-scale audiovisual data that measure group learning are time consuming to collect and analyze. As an initial step towards scaling qualitative classroom observation, we qualitatively coded classroom video using an established coding scheme with and without its audio cues. We find that interrater reliability is as high when using visual data only-without audio-as when using both visual and audio data to code. Also, interrater reliability is high when comparing use of visual and audio data to visual-only data. We see a small bias to code interactions as group discussion when visual and audio data are used compared with video-only data. This work establishes that meaningful educational observation can be made through visual information alone. Further, it suggests that after initial work to create a coding scheme and validate it in each environment, computer-automated visual coding could drastically increase the breadth of qualitative studies and allow for meaningful educational analysis on a far greater scale.
Efficiency measurement of UWB and UHF antennas in small cavities of arbitrary shape (2009)

International audience
Learning Analysis-by-Synthesis for 6D Pose Estimation in RGB-D Images (2015)

Analysis-by-synthesis has been a successful approach for many tasks in computer vision, such as 6D pose estimation of an object in an RGB-D image which is the topic of this work. The idea is to compare the observation with the output of a forward process, such as a rendered image of the object of interest in a particular pose. Due to occlusion or complicated sensor noise, it can be difficult to perform this comparison in a meaningful way. We propose an approach that "learns to compare", while taking these difficulties into account. This is done by describing the posterior density of a particular object pose with a convolutional neural network (CNN) that compares an observed and rendered image. The network is trained with the maximum likelihood paradigm. We observe empirically that the CNN does not specialize to the geometry or appearance of specific objects, and it can be used with objects of vastly different shapes and appearances, and in different backgrounds. Compared to state-of-the-art, we demonstrate a significant improvement on two different datasets which include a total of eleven objects, cluttered background, and heavy occlusion.
Association analyses identify 31 new risk loci for colorectal cancer susceptibility (2019)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and has a strong heritable basis. We report a genome-wide association analysis of 34,627 CRC cases and 71,379 controls of European ancestry that identifies SNPs at 31 new CRC risk loci. We also identify eight independent risk SNPs at the new and previously reported European CRC loci, and a further nine CRC SNPs at loci previously only identified in Asian populations. We use in situ promoter capture Hi-C (CHi-C), gene expression, and in silico annotation methods to identify likely target genes of CRC SNPs. Whilst these new SNP associations implicate target genes that are enriched for known CRC pathways such as Wnt and BMP, they also highlight novel pathways with no prior links to colorectal tumourigenesis. These findings provide further insight into CRC susceptibility and enhance the prospects of applying genetic risk scores to personalised screening and prevention.
Lentinellic Acid, a Biologically Active Protoilludane Derivative from Lentinellus Species (Basidiomycetes) [1] (1988)

A new antimicrobial and cytotoxic sesquiterpenoid, lentinellic acid, has been isolated from submerged cultures of Lentinellus ursinus and L. omphalodes. The structure of the antibiotic was elucidated by spectroscopic methods and a single crystal X-ray analysis. 1 may be formed biogenetically by condensation of a protoilludane aldehyde 4 with a malonate unit.
Double resonance via continuum states: Ionization quantum beats (1982)

The two-photon process with continuum intermediate states is investigated. The line shape is found to be a singlet rather than a doublet as in the case of discrete intermediates (Autler-Townes doublet). The ionization line shape is a doublet and exhibits oscillations as a result of the coherence and the interference between the yields from the initial and final states.
Abstract 1104: Polymer Injection Therapy to Reverse Remodel the Papillary Muscles: Efficacy in Reducing Mitral Regurgitation in a Chronic Ischemic Model (2008)

Ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) relates to displacement of the papillary muscles from ischemic ventricular distortion. Recurrent IMR is frequent after annuloplasty, particularly when left ventricular remodeling continues to progress. Our hypothesis is that repositioning of the papillary muscles can be achieved by injection of polyvinyl-alcohol (PVA) polymer into the myocardium, in chronic MR with great left ventricle remodeling. Methods : we studied 8 sheep underwent ligation of circumflex branches to produce chronic ischemic MR over eight weeks. Once MR developed, PVA was injected into the myocardium underlying the infarcted PM. 2D and 3D echocardiograms were used pre infarct (baseline), pre PVA (Chronic MR) and post PVA. Hemodynamic data were obtained Results: One animal died, in the remaining 7 moderate MR developed. With PVA, the MR decreased significantly from moderate to trace-mild (vena contracta: 5.3 ± 0.9 mm vs 2.3 ± 0.9 mm, post MR vs post PVA; p&lt;0.001). This was associated with a decrease in infarcted papillary muscle-to-mitral annulus tethering distance (33.1 ± 4.6 to 27.4±4.1 mm, post MR vs post PVA, P&lt;0.05), tenting volume (2.1±0.3 to 1.6±0.4 mm, post MR vs post PVA, P&lt;0.05) and leaflet area (9.4 ± 0.8 to 8.2 ± 0.7 mm, post MR vs post PVA, P&lt;0.04). PVA was not associated with significant decreases in LVEF (41±2 % vs 39±2 %, p=ns). Conclusions : PVA polymer injections improve coaptation and reduce remodeling chronic MR without impairing LV systolic function. This new approach offers a potential alternative for relieving ischemic mitral regurgitation by correcting papillary muscle position, thus relieving tethering that causes ischemic mitral regurgitation.
Defects in Low-κ Dielectrics and Etch Stop Layers for Use as Interlayer Dielectrics (2011)

Abstract not Available.
Efficacy of the Investigational Antifungal VT-1161 in Treating Naturally Occurring Coccidioidomycosis in Dogs (2017)

Coccidioidomycosis can be a chronic, systemic fungal infection requiring long-term to lifetime medication. Thus, there is a need for improved antifungal agents with greater efficacy and reduced toxicity. VT-1161 has a low affinity for mammalian cytochromes and potently inhibits fungal CYP51 with proven efficacy in murine models of central nervous system (CNS) and respiratory coccidioidomycosis. Dogs experience coccidioidomycosis similar to humans and are a useful preclinical model for naturally occurring disease. Twenty-four client-owned dogs diagnosed with respiratory coccidioidomycosis based on radiography, serology, clinical signs, and clinicopathologic abnormalities were treated with a loading dose of VT-1161 for 14 days, followed by 46 days of a lower maintenance dose. Twelve dogs received a high dose (29 mg/kg loading, 6 mg/kg maintenance) and 12 received a low dose (10 mg/kg loading, 1.6 mg/kg maintenance). Response to treatment was assessed by calculating the reduction in disease scores at exit compared to disease scores at enrollment. Overall, 20 of 24 (83%) dogs had ≥50% reduction in enrollment disease scores at exit (<i>P</i> < 0.001), with no difference between the high- and low-dose groups (<i>P</i> = 0.66). Time-weighted average plasma concentrations for the high- and low-dose groups were 39 ± 5 μg/ml and 19 ± 2 μg/ml, respectively. In this open-label study, VT-1161 was efficacious for the treatment of respiratory coccidioidomycosis in naturally infected dogs. Combined with previously reported murine data, this finding supports the further development of VT-1161 for the treatment of coccidioidomycosis in humans.
An Approach to Moving Industry Business Messaging Standards to Web Services (2004)

Disclaimer: This document is distributed without any warranty. The information in this document pertaining to existing standards and practices are correct to the best of our knowledge, but IBM assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of the information provided here and use of such information is at the recipient's own risk. IBM makes no warranties or conditions either express or implied, including but not limited to, the implied warranties or conditions of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, and non-infringement, regarding the document or technical support, if any. Under no circumstances is IBM liable for any of the following, even if informed of their possibility: loss of, or damage to, data; special, incidental, or indirect damages, or for any economic consequential damages; or lost profits, business, revenue, goodwill, or anticipated savings. IBM provides no assurances that any reported problems may be resolved with the use of any information that IBM provides. By furnishing information, IBM does not grant any licenses to any copyrights, patents or any other intellectual property rights. IBM may also make improvements to the information provided here at any time without notice.
Cone Snail Venom Peptides and Future Biomedical Applications of Natural Products (2017)

This chapter presents an overview of natural products, followed by insights, broadly applicable to all natural products research, gained from studying a specific class of natural products, the peptidic components of cone snail venoms. It also presents the skunk as a familiar example of natural products mediating chemical interactions as it illustrates how a broad conceptual framework raises a set of questions that can be framed for all chemical interactions between organisms. The chapter proposes the term chemical neuroethology to refer to a specific branch of neuroethology that seeks to understand how one organism can modify the behavior of a target animal through chemical compounds that it produces. It presents evidence from research on Conus venom peptides, demonstrating that biomedical applications emerge naturally from basic research that uncovers the mechanisms that underlie the bioactivity of a natural product.
SYNTHESIS, SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES, AND X-RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF N-HETERYLIMINOPHOSPHORANES (2004)

N-[2-(α-Bromoacetyl)phenyl]imides (prepared in two steps from 2-aminoacetophenone) gave, upon treatment with sodium azide, fused azidoquinolines via an intramolecular cyclization. Reaction of the above azides with phosphines gave N-heteryliminophosphoranes. The IR, 1H-, 13C-, and 31P-NMR and MS spectra of these compounds as well as the x-ray crystal structure of two of them is reported.
Suppression of β-Hydride Chain Transfer in Nickel(II)-Catalyzed Ethylene Polymerization via Weak Fluorocarbon Ligand–Product Interactions (2012)

The synthesis and characterization of two neutrally charged Ni(II) ethylene polymerization catalysts, [2-tert-butyl-6-((2,6-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)phenylimino)methyl)phenolato]nickel(II) methyl trimethylphosphine ((CH3)FI-Ni) and [2-tert-butyl-6-((2,6-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)phenylimino)methyl)phenolato]nickel(II) methyl trimethylphosphine ((CF3)FI-Ni) are reported. In the presence of a Ni(COD)2 cocatalyst, these catalysts produce markedly different polyethylenes: densely branched oligomers with Mw = 1.4 × 103 g mol–1 for (CH3)FI-Ni vs lightly branched polyethylenes with Mw = 92 × 103 g mol–1 for (CF3)FI-Ni and with ∼6.5× the polymerization activity and with much greater performance thermal stability. HOESY 2D 19F,1H NMR spectra of a model Ni-ethyl compound, [2-tert-butyl-6-((2,6-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)phenylimino)methyl)phenolato]nickel(II) ethyl 2,4-lutidine ((CF3)FI-Ni-Et), indicate non-negligible Cβ–Hβ···F3C through-space dipolar interactions, and molecular modeling reveals that Cβ–Hβ···F(C) distances can be as small as ∼2.61 Å during the polymerization process. Furthermore, there is no structural or spectroscopic evidence for fluorocarbon inductive effects on the structure, bonding, and reactivity of these complexes, and a catalyst with CF3 introduced β to the imino N produces only low-Mw oligomers with low activity. These results argue that weak (ligand)C–F···H–C(polymer) interactions can significantly influence the chain transfer characteristics of these catalysts.
Reputation-Aware Relay Selection With Opportunistic Spectrum Access: A Blockchain Approach (2023)

The highly dynamic nature of cognitive radio systems (CR) and their stringent latency requirements pose a major challenge in the realization of efficient intelligent transportation systems. In this paper, we investigate relay selection and opportunistic spectrum access in conjunction with blockchain technology. In particular, we propose a cross-layer method for secure relay selection, where secondary relays (SRs) are granted access to available spectrum bands based on the balance of their respective virtual wallets. These virtual wallets, which are built based on the SRs' secrecy capacity and their behavior in the network, are the predominant factors that allow SRs to participate in an auction model. To quantify the trustworthiness of SRs, we formulate a mathematical framework to evaluate the trust value of each SR, which is then leveraged for rewarding or penalizing the SR. We develop an offline module blockchain framework to store the real-time information of participating relays and make it available for future operations. The information is checked and verified by miners. Our system is able to detect reputable and non-reputable relays in the presence of multiple eavesdroppers. We present a thorough numerical analysis to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed scheme in terms of security, credibility, and integrity. On average, the secrecy capacity rate of the overall system increased by 70% compared to the traditional systems. Further, the propsed model perform better in low SNR compared to traditional one.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of Asymmetric Catalysts to the Synthesis of Peptide Mimics (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A New Application in Pervaporation Dehydration of Acetic acid Aqueous Solution Using Polyphenylsulfone Membrane (2011)

sponsorship: Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory for Applied Physical Chemistry and Environmental Technology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, W. de Croylaan 46, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.