gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nutraceutical support for respiratory diseases (2018)

Respiratory diseases have been a major health concern for human beings since several decades. Soothing the irritated nasal passages and airways had been a mutual necessity in multiple ancient cultures. In ancient China, herbs were largely used to help deal with cough and reduce mucus, thereby maintaining respiratory health. In India, knowledge of herb-related remedies passed down through generations. In the human society, freshly prepared herb ointments, including air-dried herbs, and boiled herbal soups have had a long history of combining botanical nutrients with local cuisine.Although the use of herbs and natural products from plants (NPFPs) has been primarily cited in reviews based on modern respiratory diseases, the concept of soothing and alleviating disease progression or reducing mucus production has been highly valued. Nevertheless, only a few herbs could directly disrupt the irreversible fibrotic progression. On the other hand, natural products from animals (NPFAs) have more potential in disrupting procollagen or extracellular matrix deposition. Due to these reasons, NPFAs could be considered as important functional foods for patients with respiratory diseases. In this article, we provide a review of both NPFAs and NPFPs that are adjuvant to respiratory health. Keywords: Respiratory disease, NPFP, NPFA, Nutrition, Antioxidants
HAMR Drive Performance and Integration Challenges (2013)

The commercialization of heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) presents some significant technical challenges that need to be resolved before the widespread adoption of the technology can begin. In this paper, we present some HAMR data from prototype drives and discuss some of the challenges related to protrusion management, recording performance optimization, and drive power requirements within the drive.
ChemInform Abstract: The Rise of Radicals in Bioinorganic Chemistry (2016)

Abstract Review: [82 refs.
Sample-based talking-head synthesis (2002)

These Ecole polytechnique federale de Lausanne EPFL, n° 2675 (2002)Section d'electriciteFaculte des sciences et techniques de l'ingenieurInstitut de genie electrique et electroniqueLaboratoire de traitement des signaux 1Jury: Hans-Peter Graf, Martin Hasler, Yann Lecun, Lawrence Rabiner, Philippe Robert, Luc van Gool Public defense: 2002-12-20 Reference doi:10.5075/epfl-thesis-2675Print copy in library catalog Record created on 2005-03-16, modified on 2016-08-08
S-Genius, a universal software platform with versatile inverse problem resolution for scatterometry (2013)

S-Genius is a new universal scatterometry platform, which gathers all the LTM-CNRS know-how regarding the rigorous electromagnetic computation and several inverse problem solver solutions. This software platform is built to be a userfriendly, light, swift, accurate, user-oriented scatterometry tool, compatible with any ellipsometric measurements to fit and any types of pattern. It aims to combine a set of inverse problem solver capabilities — via adapted Levenberg- Marquard optimization, Kriging, Neural Network solutions — that greatly improve the reliability and the velocity of the solution determination. Furthermore, as the model solution is mainly vulnerable to materials optical properties, S-Genius may be coupled with an innovative material refractive indices determination. This paper will a little bit more focuses on the modified Levenberg-Marquardt optimization, one of the indirect method solver built up in parallel with the total SGenius software coding by yours truly. This modified Levenberg-Marquardt optimization corresponds to a Newton algorithm with an adapted damping parameter regarding the definition domains of the optimized parameters. Currently, S-Genius is technically ready for scientific collaboration, python-powered, multi-platform (windows/linux/macOS), multi-core, ready for 2D- (infinite features along the direction perpendicular to the incident plane), conical, and 3D-features computation, compatible with all kinds of input data from any possible ellipsometers (angle or wavelength resolved) or reflectometers, and widely used in our laboratory for resist trimming studies, etching features characterization (such as complex stack) or nano-imprint lithography measurements for instance. The work about kriging solver, neural network solver and material refractive indices determination is done (or about to) by other LTM members and about to be integrated on S-Genius platform.
A Hierarchical Document Description and Comparison Method (2004)

Determining the similarity of document images is an important first step for several document retrieval tasks, such as document classification, information extraction, and retrieval based on visual similarity. In this paper, we propose a method to describe and compare the content and layout of a document given only an image of the document. A tree structure is used to capture the hierarchical structure of the document. Two documents are then compared using a tree matching strategy.
Supplementary Figure Legend from Exploratory Clinical Trial of (4<i>S</i>)-4-(3-[<sup>18</sup>F]fluoropropyl)-l-glutamate for Imaging x<sub>C</sub><sup>−</sup> Transporter Using Positron Emission Tomography in Patients with Non–Small Cell Lung or Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 76K, includes movie legends.&lt;/p&gt;
Group IVC cytosolic phospholipase A2γ is farnesylated and palmitoylated in mammalian cells (2005)

Cytosolic phospholipase A(2)gamma (cPLA(2)gamma) is a member of the group IV family of intracellular phospholipase A(2) enzymes, but unlike the well-studied cPLA(2)alpha, it is constitutively bound to membrane and is calcium independent. cPLA(2)gamma contains a C-terminal CaaX sequence and is radiolabeled by mevalonic acid when expressed in cPLA(2)alpha-deficient immortalized lung fibroblasts (IMLF(-/-)). The radiolabel associated with cPLA(2)gamma was identified as the farnesyl group. The protein farnesyltransferase inhibitor BMS-214662 prevented the incorporation of [(3)H]mevalonic acid into cPLA(2)gamma and partially suppressed serum-stimulated arachidonic acid release from IMLF(-/-) and undifferentiated human skeletal muscle (SkMc) cells overexpressing cPLA(2)gamma, but not from cells overexpressing cPLA(2)alpha. However, BMS-214662 did not alter the amount of cPLA(2)gamma associated with membrane. These results were consistent in COS cells expressing the C538S cPLA(2)gamma prenylation mutant. cPLA(2)gamma also contains a classic myristoylation site and several potential palmitoylation sites and was found to be acylated with oleic and palmitic acids but not myristoylated. Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that cPLA(2)gamma is associated with mitochondria in IMLF(-/-), SkMc cells, and COS cells.
Nonlinear Quantum Cascade Lasers: Toward Broad Tunability and Short-Wavelength Operation (2007)

We propose new designs for quantum-cascade lasers integrated with resonant intersubband nonlinearities, which promise ultra-broad spectral tuning and room-temperature operation in the hard-to-reach short-wavelength range λ ~ 2.5-4 μm.
Myosin Va binding to neurofilaments is essential for correct myosin Va distribution and transport and neurofilament density (2002)

The identification of molecular motors that modulate the neuronal cytoskeleton has been elusive. Here, we show that a molecular motor protein, myosin Va, is present in high proportions in the cytoskeleton of mouse CNS and peripheral nerves. Immunoelectron microscopy, coimmunoprecipitation, and blot overlay analyses demonstrate that myosin Va in axons associates with neurofilaments, and that the NF-L subunit is its major ligand. A physiological association is indicated by observations that the level of myosin Va is reduced in axons of NF-L-null mice lacking neurofilaments and increased in mice overexpressing NF-L, but unchanged in NF-H-null mice. In vivo pulse-labeled myosin Va advances along axons at slow transport rates overlapping with those of neurofilament proteins and actin, both of which coimmunoprecipitate with myosin Va. Eliminating neurofilaments from mice selectively accelerates myosin Va translocation and redistributes myosin Va to the actin-rich subaxolemma and membranous organelles. Finally, peripheral axons of dilute-lethal mice, lacking functional myosin Va, display selectively increased neurofilament number and levels of neurofilament proteins without altering axon caliber. These results identify myosin Va as a neurofilament-associated protein, and show that this association is essential to establish the normal distribution, axonal transport, and content of myosin Va, and the proper numbers of neurofilaments in axons.
Comparing radiomic classifiers and classifier ensembles for detection of peripheral zone prostate tumors on T2-weighted MRI: a multi-site study (2019)

Our results therefore suggest that simpler classifiers (such as QDA and its ensemble variants) may be more robust, accurate, and efficient for prostate cancer CAD problems, especially in the context of multi-site validation.
High titers of infectious SARS-CoV-2 in corpses of patients with COVID-19 (2023)

ObjectivesThe prolonged presence of infectious SARS-CoV-2 in deceased patients with COVID-19 has been reported. However, infectious virus titers have not been determined. Such information is important for public health, death investigation, and handling corpses. The aim of this study was to assess the level of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity in the corpses of patients with COVID-19.MethodsWe collected 11 nasopharyngeal swabs and 19 lung tissue specimens from 11 autopsy cases with COVID-19 in 2021. We then investigated the viral genomic copy number by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and infectious titers by cell culture and virus isolation.ResultsInfectious virus was present in six of 11 (55%) cases, four of 11 (36%) nasopharyngeal swabs, and nine of 19 (47%) lung specimens. The virus titers ranged from 6.00E + 01 plaque-forming units/ml to 2.09E + 06 plaque-forming units/g. In all cases in which an infectious virus was found, the time from death to discovery was within 1 day and the longest postmortem interval was 13 days.ConclusionThe corpses of patients with COVID-19 may have high titers of infectious virus after a long postmortem interval (up to 13 days). Therefore, appropriate infection control measures must be taken when handling corpses.
Interaction between Plasmonic Nanoparticles Revisited with Transformation Optics (2010)

The interaction between plasmonic nanoparticles is investigated by means of transformation optics. The optical response of a dimer can be decomposed as a sum of modes whose resonances redshift when the nanoparticles approach each other. The extinction and scattering cross sections as well as the field enhancement induced by the dimer are derived analytically taking into account radiation damping. Interestingly, some invisibility dips occur in the scattering spectrum and originate from a destructive interference between each surface plasmon mode.
Reconstructing Evolving Tree Structures in Time Lapse Sequences by Enforcing Time-Consistency (2017)

We propose a novel approach to reconstructing curvilinear tree structures evolving over time, such as road networks in 2D aerial images or neural structures in 3D microscopy stacks acquired in vivo. To enforce temporal consistency, we simultaneously process all images in a sequence, as opposed to reconstructing structures of interest in each image independently. We formulate the problem as a Quadratic Mixed Integer Program and demonstrate the additional robustness that comes from using all available visual clues at once, instead of working frame by frame. Furthermore, when the linear structures undergo local changes over time, our approach automatically detects them.
Biosynthesis and preliminary dynamics of the Y-nucleoside in yeast tRNA/sup Phe/ based on C-13 NMR experiments (1986)

Yeast tRNA/sup Phe/ was C-13 enriched (70 atom %) in vivo in methyl groups. Surprisingly, during the authors studies with the C-13 methyl enriched tRNA/sup Phe/, they observed a downfield carbon NMR signal at 120.9 ppm. Carbon spectra of four chemically synthesized Y-base derivatives and Q Base were compared. The authors can now unambiguously assign the downfield signal to C-13 enriched carbon number10 that is added to guanosine to form the third ring in the biosynthesis of Y base. This data encouraged the authors to continue the work on the dynamics of Y in tRNA/sup Phe/. The authors have preliminary NOE data from proton observed carbon decoupled NMR experiments at 500 MHz showing that the N-CH/sub 3/ methyl of the Y nucleoside exhibited an NOE to C1'-H of its ribose ring and to the C-2H proton of the adjacent adenosine-36 in yeast tRNA/sup Phe/. In conclusion, the presence of the C-13 enriched downfield peak in tRNA/sup Phe/ (C-13 methyl enriched) has yielded new biosynthesis information for the hypermodified nucleoside Y in tRNA. Formation of additional ring most likely starts with methylation of guanosine in position 1. Continued proton observed carbon decoupled NOE experiments will permit us to totally describe themore » conformation of Y in tRNA/sup Phe/ in solution.« less
Ion channels and the Hodgkin–Huxley model (2014)

From a biophysical point of view, action potentials are the result of currents that pass through ion channels in the cell membrane. In an extensive series of experiments on the giant axon of the squid, Hodgkin and Huxley succeeded in measuring these currents and described their dynamics in terms of differential equations. Their paper published in 1952, which presents beautiful experiments combined with an elegant mathematical theory (Hodgkin and Huxley, 1952), was rapidly recognized as groundbreaking work and eventually led to the Nobel Prize for Hodgkin and Huxley in 1963. In this chapter, the Hodgkin–Huxley model is reviewed and its behavior illustrated by several examples.
Rationale and Methodology of The PopulatION HEalth and Eye Disease PRofile in Elderly Singaporeans Study [PIONEER] (2020)

To describe the rationale, design and methodology of a geographically-representative and population-based study investigating the epidemiology, impact, personal and economic burden of age-related eye diseases, declining visual and other sensory systems in Asians aged >60 years in Singapore.PIONEER (The PopulatION HEalth and Eye Disease PRofilE in Elderly Singaporeans Study) is currently a cross-sectional study targeting 3152 Chinese, Malay and Indian adults who are Singapore citizens or permanent residents aged 60 years and older living across Singapore. The study is intended to be longitudinal, with several waves of data planned to be collected in the future. The sampling frame consisted of 7000 names derived from age, gender and ethnicity-stratified random sampling of individuals >60 years. Selected individuals were invited via letters, home visits, and telephone calls for a clinical assessment at the Singapore Eye Research Institute. Individuals with limited mobility were examined in a custom-designed mobile eye clinic. Questionnaires were subsequently administered at participants' homes by trained interviewers in their preferred language. A total of 3,299 participants (from East, West, North and South Singapore) were approached from December 2017 to November 2019. Of these, 953 (28.5%) were deemed ineligible. Out of 2,346 eligible participants, 904 (38.5%) refused, and 1,442 (61.5%) attended our clinical testing protocol, giving an initial response rate of 61.5%. Of these, 1,170 (81%) were cognitively able to complete the questionnaire assessment. The mean age±SD of our participants was 73.8±8.6 years; n=798 (55.3%) were female; and 828 (57.4%) were of Chinese ethnicity. The findings from this study will allow a deeper understanding of the risk factors and impact of aging in Asian populations, particularly in relation to the visual function and other functional system.
Interventions to prevent hemodynamic instability during renal replacement therapy in critically ill patients: a systematic review (2018)

Small clinical studies suggest that higher dialysate sodium, lower temperature, individualized ultrafiltration rates, or a combination of these strategies may reduce the risk of HIRRT. Overall, for all RRT modalities, there is a paucity of high-quality data regarding interventions to reduce the occurrence of HIRRT in critically ill patients.
VISUALIZING AND CONTROLLING SOUND WITH GRAPHICAL INTERFACES (2011)

Developments in abstract representations of sound from the field of computer music have potential applications for designers of musical computer games. Research in cognition has identified correlations in the perceptions of visual objects and audio events; - experiments show that test subjects associate certain qualities of graphical shapes with those of vocal sounds. Such 'sound symbolism' has been extended to non-vocal sounds and this paper describes attempts to exploit this and other phenomenon in the visualization of audio. The ideas are expanded upon to propose control for sound synthesis through the manipulation of virtual shapes. Mappings between parameters in the auditory and visual feedback modes are discussed. An exploratory user test examines the technique using a prototype system.
Monitoring endangered freshwater biodiversity using environmental DNA (2011)

Freshwater ecosystems are among the most endangered habitats on Earth, with thousands of animal species known to be threatened or already extinct. Reliable monitoring of threatened organisms is crucial for data-driven conservation actions but remains a challenge owing to nonstandardized methods that depend on practical and taxonomic expertise, which is rapidly declining. Here, we show that a diversity of rare and threatened freshwater animals--representing amphibians, fish, mammals, insects and crustaceans--can be detected and quantified based on DNA obtained directly from small water samples of lakes, ponds and streams. We successfully validate our findings in a controlled mesocosm experiment and show that DNA becomes undetectable within 2 weeks after removal of animals, indicating that DNA traces are near contemporary with presence of the species. We further demonstrate that entire faunas of amphibians and fish can be detected by high-throughput sequencing of DNA extracted from pond water. Our findings underpin the ubiquitous nature of DNA traces in the environment and establish environmental DNA as a tool for monitoring rare and threatened species across a wide range of taxonomic groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Enyne Metathesis Using Chromium Carbene Complexes. Synthesis of Heterocycles from Enynes Using Chromium Carbene Complexes. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Two‐Photon‐Excited Silica and Organosilica Nanoparticles for Spatiotemporal Cancer Treatment (2018)

Coherent two-photon-excited (TPE) therapy in the near-infrared (NIR) provides safer cancer treatments than current therapies lacking spatial and temporal selectivities because it is characterized by a 3D spatial resolution of 1 µm<sup>3</sup> and very low scattering. In this review, the principle of TPE and its significance in combination with organosilica nanoparticles (NPs) are introduced and then studies involving the design of pioneering TPE-NIR organosilica nanomaterials are discussed for bioimaging, drug delivery, and photodynamic therapy. Organosilica nanoparticles and their rich and well-established chemistry, tunable composition, porosity, size, and morphology provide ideal platforms for minimal side-effect therapies via TPE-NIR. Mesoporous silica and organosilica nanoparticles endowed with high surface areas can be functionalized to carry hydrophobic and biologically unstable two-photon absorbers for drug delivery and diagnosis. Currently, most light-actuated clinical therapeutic applications with NPs involve photodynamic therapy by singlet oxygen generation, but low photosensitizing efficiencies, tumor resistance, and lack of spatial resolution limit their applicability. On the contrary, higher photosensitizing yields, versatile therapies, and a unique spatial resolution are available with engineered two-photon-sensitive organosilica particles that selectively impact tumors while healthy tissues remain untouched. Patients suffering pathologies such as retinoblastoma, breast, and skin cancers will greatly benefit from TPE-NIR ultrasensitive diagnosis and therapy.
On a theory of computing symposia (1998)

We consider the problem of scheduling a conference to achieve the benefits in time-compression of parallel sessions, but without the associated high degree of conflict between talks. We describe a randomized construction meeting these goals that we analyze based on an expansion property of an associated graph. We also give algorithms for attendees scheduling their time within such a conference, and algorithms for verifying a proposed conference schedule. Finally, we present simulation results for typical conference sizes.
A dynamic second price auction for real time departure scheduling (2013)

Developed a novel approach to runway scheduling using a dynamic second price auction. Auction directly accounts for airline preferences for runway slots, allows airlines to keep proprietary information private, does not increase total delay compared to FCFS, reduces airline costs over FCFS and can equitably distribute costs and delays across airlines.
Impact of Perfusion Map Analysis on Early Survival Prediction Accuracy in Glioma Patients (2013)

Studies investigating dynamic susceptibility contrast magnetic resonance imaging-determined relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) maps as a metric of treatment response assessment have generated conflicting results. We evaluated the potential of various analytical techniques to predict survival of patients with glioma treated with chemoradiation. rCBV maps were acquired in patients with high-grade gliomas at 0, 1, and 3 weeks into chemoradiation therapy. Various analytical techniques were applied to the same cohort of serial rCBV data for early assessment of survival. Three different methodologies were investigated: 1) percentage change of whole tumor statistics (i.e., mean, median, and percentiles), 2) physiological segmentation (low rCBV, medium rCBV, or high rCBV), and 3) a voxel-based approach, parametric response mapping (PRM). All analyses were performed using the same tumor contours, which were determined using contrast-enhanced T1-weighted and fluid attenuated inversion recovery images. The predictive potential of each response metric was assessed at 1-year and overall survival. PRM was the only analytical approach found to generate a response metric significantly predictive of patient 1-year survival. Time of acquisition and contour volume were not found to alter the sensitivity of the PRM approach for predicting overall survival. We have demonstrated the importance of the analytical approach in early response assessment using serial rCBV maps. The PRM analysis shows promise as a unified early and robust imaging biomarker of treatment response in patients diagnosed with high-grade gliomas.
Thermally cleavable imine base/isocyanate adducts and oligomers suitable as initiators for radical homo- and copolymerization (2014)

Adducts and oligomers of imines and isocyanates are promising candidates as meta-stable isocyanate blockers and latent telomeric block-copolymer sources.
An expedient synthesis of (α,α-difluoroprop-2-ynyl)phosphonate esters (1996)

Pfitzner–Moffatt oxidation of diethyl α-hydroxyalkyne-phosphonate 4, prepared by nucleophilic attack of diethyl phosphite on the corresponding aldehyde, followed by DAST fluorination of the resulting α-ketophosphonate 8, results in the smooth formation of α,α-difluoroalkynephosphonate 7.