gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Smooth muscle of the dorsal aorta shares a common clonal origin with skeletal muscle of the myotome (2006)

We show that cells of the dorsal aorta, an early blood vessel, and of the myotome, the first skeletal muscle to form within the somite, derive from a common progenitor in the mouse embryo. This conclusion is based on a retrospective clonal analysis, using a nlaacZ reporter targeted to the alpha-cardiac actin gene. A rare intragenic recombination event results in a functional nlacZ sequence, giving rise to clones of beta-galactosidase-positive cells. Periendothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells of the dorsal aorta are the main cell types labelled, demonstrating that these are clonally related to the paraxial mesoderm-derived cells of skeletal muscle. Rare endothelial cells are also seen in some clones. In younger clones, arising from a recent recombination event, myotomal labelling is predominantly in the hypaxial somite, adjacent to labelled smooth muscle cells in the aorta. Analysis of Pax3(GFP/+) embryos shows that these cells are Pax3 negative but GFP positive, with fluorescent cells in the intervening region between the aorta and the somite. This is consistent with the direct migration of smooth muscle precursor cells that had expressed Pax3. These results are discussed in terms of the paraxial mesoderm contribution to the aorta and of the mesoangioblast stem cells that derive from it.
Complete Nucleotide Sequence of the Simian‐Virus 40 Hind‐G Fragment and Localisation of the Carboxyl Terminus of the VP1 Protein (1978)

The restriction fragment Hind-G represents 7.0% of the simian virus 40 (SV40) genome. The information present in fragment Hind-G is expressed as part of the major, late 16-S messenger RNA. The complete nucleotide sequence of the fragment Hind-G has now been determined by application of the procedure of Maxam and Gilbert [Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1977) 74, 560-564]. It contains 369 nucleotide base pairs. On the basis of the termination code words in the strand with the same polarity as the late mRNA, two illegitimate reading frames can be defined. Therefore the third, open frame must code for the carboxyl terminal part of the VP1 protein. It terminates within fragment Hind-G with a TGA signal. This stop codon is followed by a non-translated region of the mRNA of about 83 nucleotides. The latter contains the sequence A-A-U-A-A-A, common to all other eukaryotic mRNA molecules so far studied. The Hind-G fragment also contains sequences which presumably play a role in the synthesis, processing and/or expression of early mRNA; these aspects are discussed in the following paper.
An experimental 220 MHz 1 Gb DRAM (2002)

With the arrival of the multimedia era, high-data-rate memory LSIs are becoming increasingly important to keep up with high-speed CPUs, graphics processors, and other consumers of stored data. Video editing and replaying of high-definition television in particular require a high bandwidth. This paper presents two circuit technologies for a synchronously operating high-data-rate 1 Gb DRAM: a distributed-column-control architecture reducing the burst-mode cycle time, and a ringing-canceling output buffer ensuring reliable high-speed data transfer.
Adult Segmental Cystic Disease of the Kidney: A Renal-Sparing Management Approach (1988)

Segmental cystic disease of the kidney is a rare entity with the gross and microscopic features of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease localized to only a portion of a kidney. We report a renal-sparing management approach to a patient in whom a multifocal cystic process localized to 1 pole of the kidney was recognized preoperatively. Since neither computerized tomography nor ultrasound can exclude an underlying neoplastic process, surgery remains indicated. However, an understanding of the spectrum of diagnostic possibilities can have an impact on planning the most appropriate surgical approach. We conclude that partial nephrectomy, with appropriate intraoperative pathological assessment, may represent a satisfactory renal-sparing therapeutic algorithm for the management of localized cystic disease.
Improvement of classification performance using harmonization across field strength of radiomic features extracted from DCE-MR images of the breast (2020)

Radiomic features extracted from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (DCE-MR) images of breast lesions can be used in computer-aided diagnosis. However, some features depend upon field strength of acquisition. This motivates investigation of harmonizing the features using a method to address this “batch” effect of field strength of image acquisition. In this study, thirty-two radiomic features were extracted from DCE-MR images of 1,164 lesions (264 benign, 900 cancers) of the breast acquired at 1.5 T or 3.0 T, after segmentation using a fuzzy C-means method. ComBat harmonization was applied in terms of feature categories of morphology, enhancement texture, and most kinetic curve features, due to their potential intrinsic dependence upon field strength of image acquisition. The covariate was status of lesions as benign or malignant. Changes to features were investigated with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test statistic and the Davies-Bouldin index for degree of clustering using features reduced from 32 to 2 via t-SNE. Classification performance in the task of distinguishing lesions as benign or malignant was evaluated using ten-fold cross-validation and a random forest classifier. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used as figure of merit, and classification performance using features in their raw form and in a set using some harmonized features was deemed to be statistically significantly different if p &lt; 0.05. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test statistic demonstrated that feature value distributions changed the most in features extracted from images acquired at 3.0 T. The Davies-Bouldin index was 6% and 7% respective for benign lesions and cancers, showing that the features became more similar as a result of harmonization. AUC pre- and post-harmonization [95% CI] was 0.84 [0.81, 0.87] and 0.86 [0.83, 0.88] respectively (p = 0.0012). These results suggest that harmonization of radiomic features across field strength of image acquisition may improve the classification performance of computer-aided diagnosis using datasets acquired at different imaging field strengths.
Asymmetric focused-ion-beam trimming of longitudinal and perpendicular write heads (2004)

In this paper, we focus on head trimming techniques based on a asymmetric trimming process, whereby only one side of a write pole is FIB trimmed to achieve the target width. We use this technique for longitudinal and perpendicular HGA-level head trimming.
Risk Stratification Tools for Predicting Morbidity and Mortality in Adult Patients Undergoing Major Surgery (2013)

Risk stratification is essential for both clinical risk prediction and comparative audit. There are a variety of risk stratification tools available for use in major noncardiac surgery, but their discrimination and calibration have not previously been systematically reviewed in heterogeneous patient cohorts.Embase, MEDLINE, and Web of Science were searched for studies published between January 1, 1980 and August 6, 2011 in adult patients undergoing major noncardiac, nonneurological surgery. Twenty-seven studies evaluating 34 risk stratification tools were identified which met inclusion criteria. The Portsmouth-Physiology and Operative Severity Score for the enUmeration of Mortality and the Surgical Risk Scale were demonstrated to be the most consistently accurate tools that have been validated in multiple studies; however, both have limitations. Future work should focus on further evaluation of these and other parsimonious risk predictors, including validation in international cohorts. There is also a need for studies examining the impact that the use of these tools has on clinical decision making and patient outcome.
Hysteroscopic Subendometrial Embryo Delivery (SEED), Mechanical Embryo Implantation (2010)

Background A major hurdle to improved in vitro fertilization (IVF) success rate is defective endometrial receptivity and implantation. Various techniques have been advocated to increase implantation while reducing side effects. Currently, embryo transfer (ET) is performed blindly without direct visualization. As such, we sought to develop a technique utilizing a flexible minihysteroscope with a flexible catheter for direct implantation of the blastocyst(s). Materials and methods This was a case study performed at West Coast IVF Clinic, Inc., Beverly Hills, California 90212. A total of 15 IVF Cycles in 13 patients (average age = 29) underwent visually directed ET and endometrial implantation. All women received luteal support. The main outcome measure in this study, both clinically and procedurally, was the relevant development and assessment of a novel surgical technology. Results In this study, eight (60%) pregnancies ensued [5 (62.5%) clinical and 3 (37.5%) biochemical]. Of note, there was no uterine scratching, uterine bleeding, or ectopic pregnancies. Significantly, high-order pregnancies were decreased; only one twin was conceived. Conclusion Preliminary data suggest mechanically assisting implantation with a hysteroscopic blastocyst ET (SEED) offers a viable option for improving pregnancy outcome.
Superconductivity and the environment: a Roadmap (2013)

Autor: Nishijima, S. et al.; Genre: Zeitschriftenartikel; Final veröffentlicht: 2013; Keywords: Renewable energyDC transmissionSuperconducting lines; Titel: Superconductivity and the environment: a Roadmap [Section 2: S. Eckroad and A. Marian, Long-distance DC transmission of green power]
FLASSH 1.0: Thermal Scattering Law Evaluation and Cross Section Generation (2023)

The Full Law Analysis Scattering System Hub ( FLASSH ) is an advanced code which evaluates the thermal scattering law (i.e. TSL, S(α,β)) for thermal scattering cross sections and resonance Doppler broadening. The ability to accurately capture these two key cross section features is dependent on accurate, high fidelity TSL evaluations. FLASSH 1.0 provides advanced physics capabilities resulting in an improved, generalized TSL to most accurately represent the lattice dynamics within any material. This improved TSL will allow for consistent analysis in both the thermal and epithermal energy ranges. The features for TSL analysis are packaged within the FLASSH GUI for easy user interface along with data output in many file formats including ENDF File 7 and ACE files.
[HYPERTENSION AMONG HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS, NOT NECESSARILY HYPERVOLEMIA]. (2021)

Vasoconstriction was the main etiology for pre-dialysis hypertension in chronic hemodialysis patients. This calls for individualized, hemodynamic-based therapeutic intervention.
Dynamic Electropulsing Induced Phase Transformations in a Furnace Cooled Zn-Al Based Alloy (ZA22) (2010)

Multi-phase identification and phase transformations in a dynamic electropulsing treated Zn-Al based alloy (ZA22) were studied by using backscattered scanning electron microscopy (BSEM) and electron back-scattered diffraction techniques (EBSD). By using EBSD, two hcp phases η′S and η′T with a small difference of about 1% in lattice parameters (c/a) were discriminated. Two stages of phase transformations: (a) η′S→η′T+ε′T+α′T and ε+α→T′+η (in a way of quenching), and (b) T′+η→ε+α and η′T+ε′T+α′T→η′S (in a way of up-quenching), were detected. It was found that dynamic electropulsing was less effective in accelerating phase transformations than static electropusling. The mechanism of dynamic electropulsing induced phase transformations is discussed from the point view of Gibbs free energy and electropulsing kinetics.
Analysis of the Influence of microRNAs in Lithium Response in Bipolar Disorder (2018)

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a common, highly heritable neuropsychiatric disease characterized by recurrent episodes of mania and depression. Lithium is the best-established long-term treatment for BD, even though individual response is highly variable. Evidence suggests that some of this variability has a genetic basis. This is supported by the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) of lithium response to date conducted by the International Consortium on Lithium Genetics (ConLiGen). Recently, we performed the first genome-wide analysis of the involvement of miRNAs in BD and identified nine BD-associated miRNAs. However, it is unknown whether these miRNAs are also associated with lithium response in BD. In the present study, we therefore tested whether common variants at these nine candidate miRNAs contribute to the variance in lithium response in BD. Furthermore, we systematically analyzed whether any other miRNA in the genome is implicated in the response to lithium. For this purpose, we performed gene-based tests for all known miRNA coding genes in the ConLiGen GWAS dataset (<i>n</i> = 2,563 patients) using a set-based testing approach adapted from the versatile gene-based test for GWAS (VEGAS2). In the candidate approach, <i>miR-499a</i> showed a nominally significant association with lithium response, providing some evidence for involvement in both development and treatment of BD. In the genome-wide miRNA analysis, 71 miRNAs showed nominally significant associations with the dichotomous phenotype and 106 with the continuous trait for treatment response. A total of 15 miRNAs revealed nominal significance in both phenotypes with <i>miR-633</i> showing the strongest association with the continuous trait (<i>p</i> = 9.80E-04) and <i>miR-607</i> with the dichotomous phenotype (<i>p</i> = 5.79E-04). No association between miRNAs and treatment response to lithium in BD in either of the tested conditions withstood multiple testing correction. Given the limited power of our study, the investigation of miRNAs in larger GWAS samples of BD and lithium response is warranted.
STEREOCHEMISTRY OF A BASE-CATALYZED EXCHANGE OF ETHYLBENZENE-α-d (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSTEREOCHEMISTRY OF A BASE-CATALYZED EXCHANGE OF ETHYLBENZENE-α-dA. Streitwieser Jr., D. E. Van Sickle, and L. ReifCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 6, 1513Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01491a069https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01491a069research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views44Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Electrically-driven optical antennas enabled by mesoscopic contacts (2017)

Electrically driven optical antennas are attracting much attention, in particular, due to necessity to develop integrated electrical source of surface plasmons for future plasmonic nanocircuitries. By default, this term denotes a metal nanostructure, in which electromagnetic oscillations at optical frequencies are excited by electrons, tunneling between metallic parts of the structure when a bias voltage is applied between them. Instead of relying on an inefficient inelastic light emission in a tunnel gap, we are suggesting to use ballistic nanoconstrictions as the feed element of an optical antennas in order to excite electromagnetic plasmonic modes. Similarly to tunneling structures, the voltage applied at the constriction falls over the contact of nanoscale length. Electron passing through the contact ballistically can gain the energy provided by the bias ~1eV and exchange it into an mode of the optical antenna. We discussed the underlying mechanisms responsible for the optical emission, and show that with nanoscale contact, one can reach quantum efficiency orders of magnitude larger than with standard tunneling structures.
Physiological Benefits of a Pacemaker with Dual Chamber Pacing at Low Heart Rates and Single Chamber Rate Responsive Pacing During Exercise (1988)

Dual chamber rate responsive pacing may be an ideal mode but may result in high current drain and premature battery depletion. To minimize battery drain during exercise, this study compared a combination pacing mode of DDD and ventricular rate responsive pacing (VVIR). Nine patients were studied who had complete heart block, sinus rhythm, DDD pacemakers, and a reduced mean left ventricular ejection fraction of 44%. Patients were exercised in DDD, VVIR, and a combination of DDD at low heart rates and VVIR at mean heart rates over 89 bpm. Blood pressure, heart rate, exercise duration, work rate, oxygen uptake, anaerobic threshold, and oxygen pulse were measured. There was no difference in symptoms or in mean cardiopulmonary function indices including exercise duration 10.7, 10.3, 10.3 minutes; heart rate 127, 133, 136 bpm; oxygen uptake 1.4, 1.5, 1.5 L/minute; or anaerobic threshold 5.6, 5.5, 5.7 minutes (p greater than 0.05) in any mode. A pacemaker that provides atrioventricular synchrony at low heart rates with ventricular rate responsiveness at high heart rates may be an alternative mode for some patients.
Deep Energetic Trap States in Organic Photovoltaic Devices (2011)

Abstract The nature of energetic disorder in organic semiconductors is poorly understood. In photovoltaics, energetic disorder leads to reductions in the open circuit voltage and contributes to other loss processes. In this work, three independent optoelectronic methods were used to determine the long‐lived carrier populations in a high efficiency N ‐alkylthieno[3,4‐ c ]pyrrole‐4,6‐dione (TPD) based polymer: fullerene solar cell. In the TPD co‐polymer, all methods indicate the presence of a long‐lived carrier population of ∼ 10 15 cm −3 on timescales ≥ 100 μs. Additionally, the behavior of these photovoltaic devices under optical bias is consistent with deep energetic lying trap states. Comparative measurements were also performed on high efficiency poly‐3‐hexylthiophene (P3HT): fullerene solar cells; however a similar long‐lived carrier population was not observed. This observation is consistent with a higher acceptor concentration (doping) in P3HT than in the TPD‐based copolymer.
Proteome‐wide systems analysis of a cellulosic biofuel‐producing microbe (2011)

Fermentation of plant biomass by microbes like Clostridium phytofermentans recycles carbon globally and can make biofuels from inedible feedstocks. We analyzed C. phytofermentans fermenting cellulosic substrates by integrating quantitative mass spectrometry of more than 2500 proteins with measurements of growth, enzyme activities, fermentation products, and electron microscopy. Absolute protein concentrations were estimated using Absolute Protein EXpression (APEX); relative changes between treatments were quantified with chemical stable isotope labeling by reductive dimethylation (ReDi). We identified the different combinations of carbohydratases used to degrade cellulose and hemicellulose, many of which were secreted based on quantification of supernatant proteins, as well as the repertoires of glycolytic enzymes and alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) enabling ethanol production at near maximal yields. Growth on cellulose also resulted in diverse changes such as increased expression of tryptophan synthesis proteins and repression of proteins for fatty acid metabolism and cell motility. This study gives a systems-level understanding of how this microbe ferments biomass and provides a rational, empirical basis to identify engineering targets for industrial cellulosic fermentation.
Highly Sensitive Wireless NO2 Gas Sensing System (2023)

There is a need for reliable and accurate air quality monitoring systems in order to secure human health from the air pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide (NO <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_{{2}}{)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> . The development of low-cost and modern technology-compatible sensing systems is essential. In this work, a highly sensitive and selective indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) thin film transistor has been used to design an efficient and wireless NO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> sensing system. The sensing system uses the IGZO thin film transistor (TFT) as a current source for the current-starved ring oscillator (CSRO) where exposed NO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> concentration determines the oscillation frequency. The presented NO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> gas sensing system exhibited excellent sensitivity of 5.39 MHz/ppm with the lowest detection limit (LOD) of 50 ppb at room temperature. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the achieved sensitivity is the best-reported performance for frequency-based NO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> sensors. The sinusoidal output of the sensor obviates the need for costly peripheral signal conditioning circuits and allows direct integration with wireless systems. The 13.56 MHz RFID antenna connected to the output of the sensor is used to show wireless sensing compatibility and highlights the excellent candidacy of the proposed work for the growing Internet of Things (IoT) and untethered sensor applications.
Diarylheptanoids from Curcuma phaeocaulis Suppress IL-6-Induced STAT3 Activation (2018)

Three undescribed diarylheptanoids (3: -5: ) and six known curcuminoids (1, 2: , and 6: -9: ) were obtained from the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of an ethanolic extract of <i>Curcuma phaeocaulis</i>. Their chemical structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, circular dichroism spectroscopy, and the modified Mosher's method. Previous studies constructed Hep3B cells stably transfected with pSTAT3-Luc plasmid containing STAT3 binding site to discover STAT3 inhibitors from natural products. The STAT3 inhibitory activities of all isolates were measured in transfected Hep3B cells after treatment with IL-6. Compound 5: ((5<i>R</i>)-1,7-Bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-methoxy-1-hepten-5-ol), demethoxycurcumin (7: ), and curcumin (8: ) exhibited significant inhibitory activity (IC<sub>50</sub> values: 11.1, 1.9, and 1.6 µM, respectively). Furthermore, IL-6-induced phosphorylation of STAT3, and the mRNA expression levels of inflammation-related genes such as CRP, IL-1β, ICAM-1, and SOCS3 were significantly reduced by exposure to compound 5: . These data suggested that the inhibitory activity of 5: is associated with the suppression of STAT3 phosphorylation. Thus, compound 5: may be a promising candidate for the treatment of cancer or inflammatory diseases related to the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway.
ChemInform Abstract: Difluorocarbene Addition to Alkenes and Alkynes in Continuous Flow. (2016)

Abstract A scalable difluorocyclopropanation of a broad range of alkenes is developed, including alkyl and aryl 1‐substituted, 1,1 and 1,2‐disubstituted as well as trisubstituted derivatives.