gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation of Benzothieno[2,3-f]-1,4-oxazepin- and -thiazepin-5(2H)-ones and of Benzothieno[3,2-e]-1,4-diazepin-5-ones (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTPreparation of Benzothieno[2,3-f]-1,4-oxazepin- and -thiazepin-5(2H)-ones and of Benzothieno[3,2-e]-1,4-diazepin-5-onesSonya S. Khatana, Diane H. Boschelli, James B. Kramer, David T. Connor, Hubert Barth, and Peter StossView Author Information Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research, Division of Warner-Lambert, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, and Department of Chemical Development, Godecke Laboratories, Freiburg, Germany Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 17, 6060–6062Publication Date (Web):August 23, 1996Publication History Received5 February 1996Published online23 August 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo960235mhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo960235mbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views322Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Alkyls,Materials,Redox reactions,Salts Get e-Alerts
Envelope Tracking Supply Modulator with Trellis-Search-Based Switching and 160-MHz Capability (2021)

The hybrid amplifier that combines a buck converter and a linear amplifier has been widely used as the envelope tracking (ET) supply modulator for ET power amplifier (PA) application. Instead of adding more large off-chip passives to raise the efficiency of the hybrid amplifier, this work uses a Viterbi-like trellis search (TS) digital signal processing (DSP) algorithm to find the optimal switching sequence for the buck converter in the hybrid amplifier, lowering RMS error current in the op-amp, and minimizing switching. For 20-MHz channels, it lowers op-amp current by 27%. The chip also supports 160-MHz channels without TS. With 802.11ax modulation, it raises total efficiency of a 2.5-GHz PA by 7.2% at 22.3 dBm, with EVM of −32.7 dB.
Protection Architecture for WDM based Access Network with Colorless ONUs (2007)

By utilizing 2timesN arrayed waveguide gratings, we demonstrate a novel protection architecture for WDM-PON employing colorless optical network units (ONU). The recovery time against the feeder fiber failure was less than 8 ms and the degradation in signal quality caused by the protection process was negligible.
Approximating a Global Passive Adversary Against Tor (2008)

We present a novel, practical, and effective mechanism for identifying the IP address of Tor clients. We approximate an almost-global passive adversary (GPA) capable of eavesdropping anywhere in the network by using LinkWidth, a novel bandwidth-estimation technique. LinkWidth allows network edge-attached entities to estimate the available bandwidth in an arbitrary Internet link without a cooperating peer host, router, or ISP. By modulating the bandwidth of an anonymous connection (e.g., when the destination server or its router is under our control), we can observe these fluctuations as they propagate through the Tor network and the Internet to the end-user's IP address. Our technique exploits one of the design criteria for Tor (trading off GPA-resistance for improved latency/bandwidth over MIXes) by allowing well-provisioned (in terms of bandwidth) adversaries to effectively become GPAs. Although timing-based attacks have been demonstrated against non-timing-preserving anonymity networks, they have depended either on a global passive adversary or on the compromise of a substantial number of Tor nodes. Our technique does not require compromise of any Tor nodes or collaboration of the end-server (for some scenarios). We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in tracking the IP address of Tor users in a series of experiments. Even for an underprovisioned adversary with only two network vantage points, we can identify the end user (IP address) in many cases.
Uptake of palmitic acid by rabbit alveolar type II cells (1990)

Alveolar type II cells require a source of palmitic acid for synthesis of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), a major constituent of pulmonary surfactant. Previous studies indicated that maximal rates of DPPC synthesis are achieved only if exogenous palmitate is available to the type II cell. Little is known of the mechanisms by which fatty acids enter type II cells. To determine if uptake is mediated by a membrane carrier system, as described in other cell types, we examined the kinetics of palmitate uptake. Using freshly isolated rabbit type II cells, we demonstrated that radiolabeled palmitate uptake was maximal and linear for 45 s; after 1 min the apparent rate of uptake declined. The initial uptake phase was taken as a measure of cellular fatty acid influx because intracellular radiolabeled palmitate remained 80% nonesterified at this time but was 55% esterified by 2 min. Cellular influx of palmitate showed saturation kinetics with increasing concentration of nonalbumin bound palmitate. Michaelis constant was 52.6 nM, and maximum velocity was 152 pmol.10(6) cells-1.min-1. The hypothesis that saturable cellular influx of palmitate is likely linked to the previously identified membrane fatty acid binding protein (MFABP) was supported by Western-blot analysis of rat lung tissue with an antibody to MFABP that demonstrated the presence of this carrier protein in lung tissue. These data suggest that palmitate uptake by type II cells is saturable and may be mediated by a membrane-associated carrier as described in other cell types.
Children Exposed or Unexposed to Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Weight, Height, and Body Mass Index During the First 5 Years of Life—A Danish Nationwide Cohort (2019)

Compared with a matched control group, HEU children were smaller at birth, but this difference decreased with time and is not considered to have a negative effect on the health and well-being of HEU children during early childhood.
Direct Copolymerization of CO2 and Diols (2016)

Direct polymerization of CO2 and diols is promising as a simple and environmental-benign method in place of conventional processes using high-cost and/or hazardous reagents such as phosgene, carbon monoxide and epoxides, however, there are no reports on the direct method due to the inertness of CO2 and severe equilibrium limitation of the reaction. Herein, we firstly substantiate the direct copolymerization of CO2 and diols using CeO2 catalyst and 2-cyanopyridine promotor, providing the alternating cooligomers in high diol-based yield (up to 99%) and selectivity (up to >99%). This catalyst system is applicable to various diols including linear C4-C10 α,ω-diols to provide high yields of the corresponding cooligomers, which cannot be obtained by well-known methods such as copolymerization of CO2 and cyclic ethers and ring-opening polymerization of cyclic carbonates. This process provides us a facile synthesis method for versatile polycarbonates from various diols and CO2 owing to simplicity of diols modification.
Data from A Four-Gene Promoter Methylation Marker Panel Consisting of <i>GREM1, NEURL, LAD1,</i> and <i>NEFH</i> Predicts Survival of Clear Cell Renal Cell Cancer Patients (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; The currently used prognostic models for patients with nonmetastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) are based on clinicopathologic features and might be improved by adding molecular markers. Epigenetic alterations occur frequently in ccRCC and are promising biomarkers. The aim of this study is to identify prognostic promoter methylation markers for ccRCC.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; We integrated data generated by massive parallel sequencing of methyl-binding domain enriched DNA and microarray-based RNA expression profiling of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine–treated ccRCC cell lines to comprehensively characterize the ccRCC methylome. A selection of the identified methylation markers was evaluated in two independent series of primary ccRCC (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 150 and &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 185) by methylation-specific PCR. Kaplan–Meier curves and log-rank tests were used to estimate cause-specific survival. HRs and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were assessed using Cox proportional hazard models. To assess the predictive capacity and fit of models combining several methylation markers, Harrell&lt;i&gt;C&lt;/i&gt; statistic and the Akaike Information Criterion were used.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; We identified four methylation markers, that is, &lt;i&gt;GREM1, NEURL, LAD1,&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;NEFH&lt;/i&gt;, that individually predicted prognosis of patients with ccRCC. The four markers combined were associated with poorer survival in two independent patient series (HR, 3.64; 95% CI, 1.02–13.00 and HR, 7.54; 95% CI, 2.68–21.19). These findings were confirmed in a third series of ccRCC cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas (HR, 3.60; 95% CI, 2.02–6.40).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; A four-gene promoter methylation marker panel consisting of &lt;i&gt;GREM1, NEURL, LAD1,&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;NEFH&lt;/i&gt; predicts outcome of patients with ccRCC and might be used to improve current prognostic models. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 23(8); 2006–18. ©2016 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
First Field Trial of Monitoring Vehicle Traffic on Multiple Routes by Using Photonic Switch and Distributed Fiber Optics Sensing System on Standard Telecom Networks (2021)

We demonstrated for the first time that motor vehicle traffic and road capacity on multiple fiber routes can be monitored by using a distributed-fiber-optics-sensing system with a photonic switch on in-service telecom fiber cables.
Feedstock material property – process relationships in fused deposition of ceramics (FDC) (2000)

Fused deposition of ceramics (FDC) is a solid freeform fabrication technique based on extrusion of highly loaded polymer systems. The process utilizes particle loaded thermoplastic binder feedstock in the form of a filament. The filament acts as both the piston driving the extrusion and also the feedstock being deposited. Filaments can fail during FDC via buckling, when the extrusion pressure needed is higher than the critical buckling load that the filament can support. Compressive elastic modulus determines the load carrying ability of the filament and the viscosity determines the resistance to extrusion (or extrusion pressure). A methodology for characterizing the compressive mechanical properties of FDC filament feedstocks has been developed. It was found that feedstock materials with a ratio ( E /η a ) greater than a critical value (3×10 5 to 5×10 5 s ‐1 ) do not buckle during FDC while those with a ratio less than this range buckle.
Inclusion Complexation and Formation of Polypseudorotaxanes between Poly[(ethylene oxide)-ran-(propylene oxide)] and Cyclodextrins (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTInclusion Complexation and Formation of Polypseudorotaxanes between Poly[(ethylene oxide)-ran-(propylene oxide)] and CyclodextrinsJun Li, Xu Li, Kee Chua Toh, Xiping Ni, Zhihan Zhou, and Kam W. LeongView Author Information Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 Cite this: Macromolecules 2001, 34, 26, 8829–8831Publication Date (Web):November 21, 2001Publication History Received2 July 2001Published online21 November 2001Published inissue 1 December 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma011129bhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma011129brapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views559Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Copolymers,Macrocyclic compounds,Molecules,Oligosaccharides,Oxides Get e-Alerts
The Effects of Prosthesis Inversion/Eversion Stiffness on Balance-Related Variability During Level Walking: A Pilot Study (2020)

Prosthesis features that enhance balance are desirable to people with transtibial amputation. Ankle inversion/eversion compliance is intended to improve balance on uneven ground, but its effects remain unclear on level ground. We posited that increasing ankle inversion/eversion stiffness during level-ground walking would reduce balance-related effort by assisting in recovery from small disturbances in frontal-plane motions. We performed a pilot test with an ankle-foot prosthesis emulator programmed to apply inversion/eversion torques in proportion to the deviation from a nominal inversion/eversion position trajectory. We applied a range of stiffnesses to clearly understand the effect of the stiffness on balance-related effort, hypothesizing that positive stiffness would reduce effort while negative stiffness would increase effort. Nominal joint angle trajectories were calculated online as a moving average over several steps. In experiments with K3 ambulators with unilateral transtibial amputation (N = 5), stiffness affected step-width variability, average step width, margin of stability, intact-foot center of pressure variability, and user satisfaction (p ≤ 0.05, Friedman's test), but not intact-limb evertor average, intact-limb evertor variability, and metabolic rate (p ≥ 0.38, Friedman's test). Compared to zero stiffness, high positive stiffness reduced step-width variability by 13%, step width by 3%, margin of stability by 3%, and intact-foot center of pressure variability by 14%, whereas high negative stiffness had opposite effects and decreased satisfaction by 63%. The results of this pilot study suggest that positive ankle inversion stiffness can reduce active control requirements during level walking.
Early Experience With a Novel Miniaturized Spinal Cord Stimulation System for the Management of Chronic Intractable Pain of the Back and Legs (2023)

The Clinicaltrials.gov registration number for the study is ACTRN12618001862235.
224 Generation of cell therapies for diverse applications using microfluidic Cell Squeeze®manufacturing technology (2022)

<h3>Background</h3> Cellular therapies require precise and versatile biological engineering at scale to generate effective and accessible products. However, current cell delivery approaches are often limited in the types of biology and range of cells they can engineer and have significant scale-up challenges. Microfluidic deformation using the Cell Squeeze<sup>®</sup> technology effectively delivers a variety of payloads to diverse cell types at scale while preserving cell health and function. <h3>Methods</h3> We tested preclinically the performance of the Cell Squeeze technology in many cell types including T cells, PBMCs, HSCs, iPSCs, red blood cells, and TILs. We evaluated the efficiency of delivery of many materials including mRNA, gene editing factors, transcription factors, and membrane-bound cytokines. We further investigated the integration of our scaled cGMP process into an integrated manufacturing system for the rapid and cost-effective production of cell therapy drug products (point-of-care system). <h3>Results</h3> We showed highly efficient mRNA delivery (&gt;80%) to T cells, iPSCs, PBMCs, HSCs, and TILs while also maintaining cell function. Cell Squeeze technology also demonstrated efficient gene editing in multiple cell types. The technology further demonstrated engineering ~10B cells/minute and has been used in 3 clinical trials generating distinct investigational products. Furthermore, our point-of-care system demonstrated a fully closed automated unit for manufacturing cell therapies that integrates cell isolation, cell washing, cell delivery and bag filling. This portable system used a single-use sterile disposable tubing set and has the potential to be operated outside of a clean room. Our point-of-care system also reduced our operator hours by 90% and process time by ~50% to &lt; 6 hours. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Cell Squeeze technology has shown differentiated capabilities in applications such as therapeutic vaccines, immune tolerance, effector cell engineering, and directed differentiation of iPSCs. These results support a continued expansion of clinical impact of the Cell Squeeze technology leveraging the flexibility of the delivery platform. Our automated, point-of-care system incorporating the Cell Squeeze<sup>®</sup> technology could potentially further streamline manufacturing time and costs to achieve greater cell therapy accessibility and therapeutic impact potential.
ChemInform Abstract: Substituent Effects on the Photochemistry of Diphenylketyl Radicals: Elucidation of the Rate Constants and Quantum Yields of Relaxation Processes from the Excited Radicals (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Liquid crystal blue phases: stability, field effects and alignment (2015)

The blue phases are fascinating structures in liquid crystals, fluids that exhibit cubic structures that have true crystalline order. The blue phases were discovered in the 1970s and were the subject of extensive research in the 1980s, when a deep understanding of many of their properties was established. The discovery that the blue phases could be stabilised to exist over wide temperature ranges meant that they became more than scientific curiosities and led to a recent resurgence in research into them as they offer some promise in applications. This paper considers some important aspects of the blue phases that are recurrent topics in their research. It describes factors affecting blue phase stability, demonstrating on the role of the bend elastic constant; field effects, including the Kerr effect, electrostriction and relaxation phenomena; and alignment, in particular production and control of blue phase monodomains. The dependence of these phenomena on the physical properties of the liquid crystalline system, including the twist and bend elastic constants and the dielectric anisotropy, is emphasised wherever possible. The paper links work carried out in the 1980s with contemporary research, using a few key examples to show how there is still much to understand in this beautiful topic.
Domino Diels-Alder reactions. I. Applications to the rapid construction of polyfused cyclopentanoid systems (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDomino Diels-Alder reactions. I. Applications to the rapid construction of polyfused cyclopentanoid systemsLeo A. Paquette and Matthew J. WyvrattCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 14, 4671–4673Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1974https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00821a052Request reuse permissionsArticle Views1127Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (379 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts