gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Combined intravoxel incoherent motion and diffusion tensor imaging of renal diffusion and flow anisotropy (2014)

Both flow and microstructure apparently contribute to the medullary diffusion anisotropy. The described novel method may be useful in separating decreased tubular flow from irreversible structural tubular damage, for example, in diabetic nephropathy or during allograft rejection.
IPv6 Inverse Neighbor Discovery Update (2009)

This draft updates the Inverse Discovery Specification [RFC3122] to
provide Secure Neighbor Discovery. The behaviour of the protocol is
slightly amended to enable an easier management of the addresses on a
link and enable Secure ND.
A High-Speed Optical Multidrop Bus for Computer Interconnections (2009)

Signal integrity constraints of high-speed electronics have made multidrop electrical buses infeasible. This high-speed alternative uses hollow metal waveguides and pellicle beam splitters that interconnect modules attached to the bus. With 1 mw of laser power, the bus can interconnect eight modules at 10 gbps per channel and achieves an aggregate bandwidth of more than 25 gbytes per second with 10-bit-wide signaling paths.
Concentration Dependent Improved Spectroscopic Characteristics and Near White Light Emission in Boro Phosphate Glasses Doped with Holmium (2022)

The physical, structural, thermal, and optical properties of heavy metal (Ho3+) oxide incorporated lithium-boro-phosphate glass prepared utilizing melt quenching process are presented in this paper as a function of dopant concentration. To support the findings of the FTIR and DSC studies, many theoretical, experimental, physical, and optical parameters were calculated. XRD and FTIR measurements revealed the prepared glasses’ amorphous nature and the presence of significant borate functional groups. The optical band gap, Urbach energy, and steepness characteristics were tested to validate the structural results. The emission spectrums were recorded in the prepared glasses for an excitation of 450 and 550 nm to find powerful emission color. The color co-ordinates (0.33, 0.41) were found to be quite comparable to white light color co-ordinates. The present glasses can, therefore, be ideal candidates for possible applications with light-emitting diodes.
Affective Tabletop Game: A New Gaming Experience for Children (2007)

In this paper, we discuss various options for enhancing the gaming experience in augmented tabletop games. More specifically, we propose to incorporate psychophysiological measurements as a part of the gaming experience, and to integrate a desktop game within its real surrounding (i.e., the entire room) in order to promote more physical activity. Such design options, together with other game rules, aim at promoting social interaction between participating players, as this is considered to be a major characteristic of any good multi-player game. We concretized and informally evaluated the above aspects within a specific tabletop game that we designed for children aged 7 to 11 years. Our findings indicate that psychophysiological feedback in a tabletop game does indeed facilitate social interaction and adds to the fun element. Our results also reveal that children appreciate the involvement of the real world environment in a tabletop game.
Maintenance Issues and Fail Safes of the Oculus Sensor Platform System (2005)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;When designing the Oculus sensor platform, many safety issues such as designing fail safes, adapting to flying situations, and examining situations produced by exposure to real-world conditions were taken into consideration. When predicting maintenance issues, environmental conditions that the platform will have to encounter were assessed. A material that was lightweight and strong enough to withstand the harsh environmental conditions experienced outside the C-130 aircraft was needed. In addition to the material used, another issue addressed was the ability to repair the platform easily and efficiently. Normal operations expose the components to significant wear and tear, which requires the replacement of parts to maintain safe operations. Oculus was constructed to allow for component replacement without deconstruction of the entire platform.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;While environmental factors were a concern, mechanical design and functionality, along with safety, was vital to the project. All moving parts on the platform make use of a triple redundant fail safe system. A manual means of rotation and retraction was needed in the event of a power loss to the platform. This problem was solved by the addition of a hand crank system that manually returns the pod and sliding platform to a safe in-flight position. Safety, mechanical design, and maintenance were greatly influential to the successful design of Oculus.&lt;/div&gt;
A measurement-based algorithm to maximize the utility of wireless networks (2011)

The goal of jointly providing fairness and efficiency in wireless networks can be seen as the problem of maximizing a given utility function. The main difficulty when solving this problem is that the capacity region of wireless networks is typically unknown and time-varying, which prevents the usage of traditional optimization tools. As a result, scheduling and congestion control algorithms are either too conservative because they under-estimate the capacity region, or suffer from congestion collapse because they over-estimate it. We propose a new adaptive congestion control algorithm, called Enhance & Explore (E&E). It maximizes the utility of the network without requiring any explicit characterization of the capacity region. E&E works above the MAC layer and is decoupled from the underlying scheduling mechanism. It provably converges to a state of optimal utility. We evaluate the performance of the algorithm in a WLAN setting, using both simulations and measurements on a real testbed composed of IEEE 802.11 wireless routers.
Polyelectrolyte Complex that Minimizes Bacterial Adhesion to Polyester (2021)

Abstract Bacterial adhesion is a major concern in the medical field, where bacterial fouling can lead to diminished device efficacy and failure. To combat this, polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) can be used to modify surfaces to reduce bacterial attachment. In the present study, a water‐based PEC of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) [PDDA] and poly(acrylic acid) are deposited in a simple two‐step process to the surface of polyester fabric. This process includes the deposition of a dissolved mixture of the two polyelectrolytes, followed by the formation of the ionic network through exposure to citric acid buffer. These coatings facilitate the removal of &gt;95% of deposited Staphylococcus aureus after simple rinsing with deionized water. The high degree of surface ionization monitored by FTIR suggests that electrostatic repulsion is responsible for the observed antifouling activity. The morphology of these coatings which is monitored by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) is shown to depend on curing the curing conditions, which suggests that this simple process can be tailored to many applications.
Photoresponsive behavior of electron-beam irradiated MoS2 films (2018)

We herein aim to improve the understanding of the photoresponsive behavior of electron-beam irradiated MoS2 films. In this context, MoS2-based photodetectors were fabricated via sputtering and electron beam irradiation (EBI). The structural transformation imparted on MoS2 through EBI and the relationship between the structural, stoichiometric, and photoelectric properties of the synthesized MoS2 were investigated. MoS2 channels displayed a remarkable photoresponse in the visible light region. More specifically, MoS2 treated with 3 kV-EBI showed a responsivity of 7.61 mA/W when illuminated by a 450 nm laser, which is a 970% increase from that of the as-deposited MoS2. The variation of the time-dependent photocurrent with respect to the EBI parameters employed was attributed to the internal defects of MoS2. We concluded that EBI is a low-temperature process that is compatible with sputtering, and it exhibits potential for application in the area of flexible optoelectronics.
Synthesis of 5‐Aryl‐12H‐quinazolino[3,2‐a]quinazolin‐12‐ones as Antiinflammatory Agents (1983)

Abstract Condensation of 4‐aryl‐2‐chloroquinazolines with anthranilic acids leads to 5‐aryl‐12 H ‐quinazolino[3,2‐ a ]quinazolin‐12‐ones. Their mass‐spectral fragmentations were studied. Some of these compounds were tested for analgesic and antiinflammatory activities.
Hydrocarbon Liquid Production via Catalytic Hydroprocessing of Phenolic Oils Fractionated from Fast Pyrolysis of Red Oak and Corn Stover (2015)

Phenolic oils were produced from fast pyrolysis of two different biomass feedstocks, red oak and corn stover, and evaluated in hydroprocessing tests for production of liquid hydrocarbon products. The phenolic oils were produced with a bio-oil fractionating process in combination with a simple water wash of the heavy ends from the fractionating process. Phenolic oils derived from the pyrolysis of red oak and corn stover were recovered with yields (wet biomass basis) of 28.7 and 14.9 wt %, respectively, and 54.3% and 60.0% on a carbon basis. Both precious metal catalysts and sulfided base metal catalyst were evaluated for hydrotreating the phenolic oils, as an extrapolation from whole bio-oil hydrotreatment. They were effective in removing heteroatoms with carbon yields as high as 81% (unadjusted for the 90% carbon balance). There was substantial heteroatom removal with residual O of only 0.4% to 5%, while N and S were reduced to less than 0.05%. Use of the precious metal catalysts resulted in more saturated products less completely hydrotreated compared to the sulfided base metal catalyst, which was operated at higher temperature. The liquid product was 42–52% gasoline range molecules and about 43% diesel range molecules. Particulate matter in the phenolic oils complicated operation of the reactors, causing plugging in the fixed-beds especially for the corn stover phenolic oil. This difficulty contrasts with the catalyst bed fouling and plugging, which is typically seen with hydrotreatment of whole bio-oil. This problem was substantially alleviated by filtering the phenolic oils before hydrotreating. More thorough washing of the phenolic oils during their preparation from the heavy ends of bio-oil or online filtration of pyrolysis vapors to remove particulate matter before condensation of the bio-oil fractions is recommended.
BNP enhances renal actions of lasix and suppresses lasix-induced aldosterone activation in experimental heart failure (2003)

Congestive heart failure (CHF) is characterized by sodium and water retention. While loop diuretics are powerful natriuretic agents, they can reduce glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and activate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Studies have reported that GFR is a key predictor of mortality in CHF. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies are warranted to both minimize side effects of conventional diuretics and to potentiate their renal actions. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) has diuretic, natriuretic and renin and aldosterone inhibiting properties. The renal actions of BNP in CHF are associated with preserved GFR without activation of RAAS. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that BNP potentiates the renal actions of Lasix (L) in a model of CHF. We hypothesized that BNP in combination with L maintains GFR and suppresses the RAAS. CHF was produced in two groups of dogs by rapid ventricular pacing (10 days at 240 bpm). At day 11 one group received continuous (60 min) iv administered L (1mg/Kg/hr). A second group (BNP+L) received 30 min iv co-infusion of L (1mg/Kg/hr) and low dose (2 pmol/kg/min) of BNP followed by 30 min co-infusion of L (1mg/Kg/hr) and high dose (10 pmol/kg/min) of BNP. * indicates p<0.05 vs baseline. There were no differences in cardiovascular hemodynamics between groups. L increased urinary flow (from baseline 0.78 ±0.05 to 5.0±1.06* mL/min), but the effect of BNP+L was significantly (p<0.0021) higher (from 0.46 ±0.03 to 8.04±1.21* low and 7.39±0.94* high dose mL/min). Similarly, urinary sodium excretion (L: from 74.89±141.71 to 614.0±323.13* mEq/min; BNP+L: from 39.41±75.9 to 988.16±282.12* low and 950.93±299.37* high dose mEq/min) was significantly higher in BNP+L group (p<0.0025). While GFR tended to decrease in L group, it increased in BNP+L group (p=0.006). Plasma aldosterone increased with L but remained preserved in BNP+L group(p<0.05). L and the BNP+L had similar beneficial cardiovascular hemodynamic actions. Importantly, with a profound natriuretic and diuretic response with BNP+L, GFR was increased with no activation of aldosterone. Co-administration of BNP and loop diuretic may be beneficial in preserving renal function and inhibiting activation of aldosterone while maximizing natriuresis and diuresis.
Tumor Necrosis Factor Causes Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness in Rats (1992)

We have previously reported that exposure of rats to aerosolized endotoxin (LPS) causes a transient, dose-dependent increase in bronchial responsiveness (BR) to 5 hydroxytryptamine (5HT), 90 min after exposure. In the present study we examined whether LPS induces the release of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in the airways and whether TNF contributes to the increase in BR. After 90 min following exposure to aerosolized LPS, at a concentration of 1 or 10 micrograms/ml, TNF concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were 17.9 +/- 6.9 and 80.5 +/- 7.8 U/ml, respectively. No TNF was detected in BAL fluid of saline-exposed animals. At 90 min after exposure to aerosolized recombinant human TNF (rhTNF) (1 microgram/ml) an increase in BR was observed: the provocative concentration of 5HT causing a 50% increase in lung resistance (PC50RL 5HT) was 2.7 +/- 0.4 versus 4.4 +/- 0.3 microgram/kg in saline-exposed animals (p less than 0.01). Pretreatment with anti-TNF antibodies 30 min before LPS exposure significantly diminished the increase in BR: PC50RL 5HT was 2.3 +/- 0.4 versus 1.2 +/- 0.5 microgram/kg in control pretreated LPS-exposed rats (p less than 0.01). Exposure to aerosolized TNF also induced a significant influx of neutrophils in BAL fluid (12.1 +/- 3.7 versus 1.7 +/- 0.4% in saline-exposed animals) (p less than 0.01). The LPS-induced neutrophil influx in BAL fluid was partly inhibited by pretreatment with anti-TNF antibodies (55.2 +/- 5.1 versus 76.0 +/- 3.9%) (p less than 0.01). We conclude that TNF causes bronchial hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Antifungal Activity of Natural Naphthoquinones and Anthraquinones against Madurella mycetomatis (2023)

Eumycetoma, the fungal form of the neglected tropical disease mycetoma, is a crippling infectious disease with low response rates to currently available antifungal drugs. In this study, a series of natural naphthoquinones and anthraquinones was evaluated for their activity against Madurella mycetomatis, which is the most common causative agent of eumycetoma. The metabolic activity of Madurella mycetomatis as well as the viability of Galleria mellonella larvae upon treatment with quinones was investigated. Several hydroxy-substituted naphthoquinones exhibited activity against Madurella mycetomatis. In particular, naphthazarin (5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) was identified as a considerably active antifungal compound against Madurella mycetomatis (IC<sub>50</sub> =1.4 μM), while it showed reduced toxicity to Galleria mellonella larvae, which is a well-established in vivo invertebrate model for mycetoma drug studies.
Fabrication of nanoporous membrane and its nonlithographic patterning using Electrospinning and Stamp-thru-mold (ESTM) (2011)

The Electrospinning and Stamp-thru-mold (ESTM) technique, an integrated fabrication process which incorporates the versatility of the electrospinning process for nanofiber fabrication with the non-lithographic patterning ability of the stamp-thru-mold process is introduced. In-situ multilayer stacking of orthogonally aligned nanofibers, ultimately resulting in a nanoporous membrane, has been demonstrated using orthogonally placed collector electrode pairs and an alternating bias scheme. The pore size of the nanoporous membrane can be controlled by the number of layers and the deposition time of each layer. Nonlithographic patterning of the fabricated nanoporous membrane is then performed by mechanical shearing using a pair of pre-fabricated micromolds. This patterning process is contamination free compared to other photo lithographical patterning approaches. The ability to pattern on different substrates has been tested with and without oxygen plasma surface treatment. In vitro tests of ESTM poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanofibers verify the biocompatibility of this process. Simulation by the COMSOL Multiphysics tool has been conducted for the analysis of electrospun nanofiber alignment.
THALIA - An automatic hierarchical analysis system to detect drusen lesion images for amd assessment (2013)

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of permanent blindness. In its early stage AMD is characterized by drusen which are extracellelur deposits in the retina. In this paper, we present THALIA, an automatic system for the detection of drusen images for AMD assessment. First, the macular region of interest is detected using a seeded mode tracking approach. The macular region of interest is then mapped into a new representation using a hierarchicial word transform (HWI). In HWI, dense sampling is first carried out to generate structured pixels which embed local context. These structured pixels are then clustered using hierarchical k-means. The HWI image is subsequently classified using a SVM-based classifier. We have tested THALIA on a dataset of 350 images and obtained an accuracy of 95.46%. Results are promising for further validation of the THALIA system.
Direct Cerebrovasodilatory Effects of Halothane, Isoflurane, and Desflurane during Propofol-induced Isoelectric Electroencephalogram in Humans (1995)

Halothane, isoflurane, and desflurane have intrinsic, dose-related cerebral vasodilatory effects. Whereas all three agents are similar at 0.5 MAC, isoflurane and desflurane have greater vasodilatory effects than halothane at 1.5 MAC.
CYP450-derived oxylipins mediate inflammatory resolution (2016)

Resolution of inflammation has emerged as an active process in immunobiology, with cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system being critical in mediating efferocytosis and wound debridement and bridging the gap between innate and adaptive immunity. Here we investigated the roles of cytochrome P450 (CYP)-derived epoxy-oxylipins in a well-characterized model of sterile resolving peritonitis in the mouse. Epoxy-oxylipins were produced in a biphasic manner during the peaks of acute (4 h) and resolution phases (24-48 h) of the response. The epoxygenase inhibitor SKF525A (epoxI) given at 24 h selectively inhibited arachidonic acid- and linoleic acid-derived CYP450-epoxy-oxlipins and resulted in a dramatic influx in monocytes. The epoxI-recruited monocytes were strongly GR1(+), Ly6c(hi), CCR2(hi), CCL2(hi), and CX3CR1(lo) In addition, expression of F4/80 and the recruitment of T cells, B cells, and dendritic cells were suppressed. sEH (Ephx2)(-/-) mice, which have elevated epoxy-oxylipins, demonstrated opposing effects to epoxI-treated mice: reduced Ly6c(hi) monocytes and elevated F4/80(hi) macrophages and B, T, and dendritic cells. Ly6c(hi) and Ly6c(lo) monocytes, resident macrophages, and recruited dendritic cells all showed a dramatic change in their resolution signature following in vivo epoxI treatment. Markers of macrophage differentiation CD11b, MerTK, and CD103 were reduced, and monocyte-derived macrophages and resident macrophages ex vivo showed greatly impaired phagocytosis of zymosan and efferocytosis of apoptotic thymocytes following epoxI treatment. These findings demonstrate that epoxy-oxylipins have a critical role in monocyte lineage recruitment and activity to promote inflammatory resolution and represent a previously unidentified internal regulatory system governing the establishment of adaptive immunity.
A171 INTESTINAL INTERFERON-LAMBDA RECEPTOR 1 EXPRESSION AND RESPONSES ARE SIGNIFICANTLY DECREASED IN PEDIATRIC INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE PATIENTS (2023)

Abstract Background While interferon-lambdas (IFN-λs) were initially discovered for their role in antiviral immunity at mucosal barriers such as the lung and gut, there are many unanswered questions for how IFN-λs uniquely dampen inflammatory immune responses. In mouse colitis models, IFN-λs were shown to play a significant role in promoting epithelial barrier integrity and mucosal healing. Microbes present in the gut naturally induce IFN-λs, but how chronic inflammation, such as in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), affects IFN-λ biology has not been well studied, especially in humans. Purpose Here, we tested the hypothesis that children with active, more severe IBD would present with lower intestinal IFN-λR levels and IFN-λ responses which could contribute to IBD pathology through exacerbated inflammation, decreased mucosal healing and impaired barrier function. Method We screened 14 novel antibodies to find the optimal clone that accurately stains the unique IFN-λ receptor subunit (IFN-λR1) protein in human intestinal tissue and IFN-λR1 levels were quantified by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry in biopsy samples from children without IBD, Crohn’s disease, or ulcerative colitis (n=35 total). Fresh patient biopsies (ascending colon or terminal ileum) were also treated in media +/- IFN-λ for 24hrs using our novel ex vivo biopsy assay and changes in gene expression were quantified by RT-qPCR. Intestinal washes were also collected and microbes profiled by shotgun metagenomics. Result(s) We identified 2 new antibodies that accurately stained human cell lines and immune cells known to express IFN-λR1 protein (gut epithelial cells and B cells). We found that IFN-λ receptor (IFN-λR) levels are significantly reduced in gut epithelial and immune cells within pediatric IBD intestinal tissue, even at non-inflamed sites (p&amp;lt;0.01, 30-50% reduction) and this was even more pronounced when comparing moderate/severe disease compared to children with no disease activity. This led to lower IFN-λ responsiveness in IBD compared to non-IBD biopsies when investigating IFN-stimulated gene expression (p&amp;lt;0.05, up to 7-fold reduction). Paired patient gut microbe analyses identified specific species that correlated with changes in IFN-λ receptor expression. Conclusion(s) Together, our findings demonstrate pediatric IBD patients may be less able to induce critical IFN-λ-mediated antimicrobial responses and protective anti-inflammatory pathways. This work supports the goal to restore and promote IFN-λ responses as a novel therapeutic strategy for pediatric IBD. Please acknowledge all funding agencies by checking the applicable boxes below Other Please indicate your source of funding; Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba Disclosure of Interest None Declared