gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of t-???2 on Central hemodynamics and oxygen transport in patients with COPD exacerbation and acute respiratory failure (2019)

<b>Objective:</b> to evaluate the effectiveness of inhaled t-НеО2 in patients with exacerbation of COPD and acute respiratory failure. We examined 24 patients with COPD, GOLD III, with severe clinical symptoms (CAT &gt;10, mMRC ≥2), an exacerbation frequency ≥ 2 per year, with bronchitis phenotype, with signs of pulmonary hypertension and severe exacerbation. All patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. Patients of group 1 (n=12 8m/4f) received standard therapy (according to GOLD 2018) and t-НеО2 inhalation (O2/He=30/70%, t-55°C, “HELIOX EXTREME”, Russia) for 60 min/day. Group 2 patients (n=12, 9m/3f) received standard therapy (according to GOLD 2018) and LTOT. A study of hemodynamics, oxygen transport, and arterial blood gases was carried out by the system of integrated monitoring (SIMON apparatus 111 OKALUX 2000, Russia) and the Express method (ABL-500 Radiometer, Copenhagen, Denmark). <b>Results:</b> Changes of following variables were registered in group 1: PPAs=54±1 to PPAs=45±1 (p&lt;0.01); RVRI=471±12 to RVRI=235±12 (p&lt;0.01); CI=47±3 to CI=54±2 (p&lt;0.01); DO2=468±120 to DO2=896±121 (p&lt;0.01); pO2=43±3 to pO2=75±2 (p&lt;0.01); pCO2=58±3 to pCO2=47±5 (p&lt;0.01). Changes of following variables were registered in group 2: PPAs=55±2 to PPAs=49±3 (p&lt;0.01); RVRI=468±10 to RVRI=373±11 (p&lt;0.01); CI=45±32 to CI=50±3(p&lt;0.01); DO2=470±118 to DO2=572±112(p&lt;0.01); pO2=45±32 to pO2=62±2 (p&lt;0.01); pCO2=55±3 to pCO2=67±5 (p&lt;0.01). <b>Results:</b> the use of t-НеО2 in comparison with O2 in patients with COPD exacerbation and acute respiratory failure significantly improves blood oxygenation, oxygen transport and hemodynamics.
Troubleshooting during a challenging high-risk pacemaker lead extraction: a case report and review of the literature (2015)

Implantable cardiac electrical device infections are amongst the most dreaded post implant complications. Risks of device extraction are further complicated in cases of chronic lead perforations. Extraction strategies that avoid cardiopulmonary bypass initiation are preferred.
ChemInform Abstract: Improved Syntheses of Fluorinated Tertiary Butylamines. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Prevalence of bacteriophage-associated super-antigen genes in Streptococcus pyogenes isolated from pediatric patients in Japan (2012)

Background: Streptococcus pyogenes infection is one of the most common in pediatric diseases. Lysogenic bacteriophage is included in the genome of Streptococcus pyogenes. Although prophages comprise a small fraction of the Streptococcus pyogenes genome, they may account for up to 70% of the variation in the gene makeup of Streptococcus pyogenes. Streptococcal bacteriophage encodes super- antigen genes that are widely considered to be virulent factors. In this study, we tried to clarify the recent prevalence of bacteriophage-associated super antigen genes in Streptococcus pyogenes isolated from pediatric patients in Japan. Methods: We collected 143 clinical Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from children at four medical facilities in Japan from 2009 to 2011. We investigated the presence of 7 known super-antigen genes carried by prophage; speA, speC, speH, speI, speK, speL,and speM by PCR methods. The emm types of Streptococcus pyogenes strains were also determined by the sequencing of the emm gene. Results: The prevalence of speA, speC, speH, speI, speK, speL and speM genes were 30.1%, 61.5%, 20.3%, 31.4%, 16.1%, 18.2%, and 7.7%, respectively. The 19 kinds of emm types were observed in 143 clinical isolates. The three major emm types of 143 clinical isolates were M12, M1, and M89, respectively. The 92% of M1 strains possessed speA. The 78% of M12 strains, 81% of M89 strains, and 87.5% of M4 strains possessed speC. The 50% of M12 strains possessed speH. The 78% of M12 strains and 75% of M75 strains possessed speI. The 75% of M4 strains possessed speK. All M4 strains possessed speL. All M75 strains possessed speM. Conclusion: A strong correlation existed between emm-sequence type and bacteriophage-associated super-antigen genes in Streptococcus pyogenes. We suggested that substantial contribution to the diversification of the Streptococcus pyogenes genome attributed to bacteriophage.
Density Functional Theory with Correct Long-Range Asymptotic Behavior (2005)

We derive an exact representation of the exchange-correlation energy within density functional theory (DFT) which spawns a class of approximations leading to correct long-range asymptotic behavior. Using a simple approximation, we develop an electronic structure theory that combines a new local correlation energy (based on Monte Carlo calculations applied to the homogeneous electron gas) and a combination of local and explicit long-ranged exchange. The theory is applied to several first-row atoms and diatomic molecules where encouraging results are obtained: good description of the chemical bond at the same time allowing for bound anions, reasonably accurate affinity energies, and correct polarizability of an elongated hydrogen chain. Further stringent tests of DFT are passed, concerning ionization potential and charge distribution under large bias.
Abstract B85: Role of the TASK2 in regulating breast cancer cell proliferation (2011)

Abstract Selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulators (SERMs) such as tamoxifen and raloxifene, and aromatase inhibitors are able to partially reduce incidence in high-risk women to develop ER-positive breast cancer but not all ER-positive neither ER-negative breast cancers. Thus, effective targets and agents for the prevention of both ER-positive and ER-negative breast cancer are urgently needed. Potassium ion channels are essential in maintaining cellular homeostasis in terms of transmitting signal molecules, regulating cell volume and secreting ions and hormones. A family of potassium channels, TASKs, is differentially expressed in normal breast tissue and breast cancer tissues. In particular, TASK2 mRNA was found upregulated in human breast carcinoma but not in normal mammary gland tissue, and TASK2 is significantly up-regulated in ER-negative vs ER-positive breast cancers across multiple studies among the Oncomine databases. We hypothesized that TASK2 plays an important role in regulating growth of breast cancer cells. We then knocked down the TASK2 gene expression using siRNA in ER-positive and ER-negative breast cancer cells. Transient knockdown of TASK2 suppressed cell proliferation significantly in 7/8 ER-negative and moderately in 3/5 ER-positive breast cancer cell lines. However, proliferation of an immortal breast epithelial cell line, MCF-10A, was not affected. We are now investigating the phenotypic alterations in normal and malignant breast cells after overexpressing or knocking down the TASK2 gene. Current results suggest that TASK2 plays an important role in breast cell growth. Thus, TASK2 is a potential novel target for future breast cancer prevention and treatment. Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2011;4(10 Suppl):B85.
Health Care Avoidance Among Canadian Pilots Due to Fear of Medical Certificate Loss (2023)

Canadian pilots fear medical invalidation and consequently, avoid health care. This may be severely impacting aeromedical screening effectiveness.
Melting and Joining Behavior of Sn/Ag and Sn-Ag/Sn-Bi Plating on Cu Core Ball (2002)

We fabricated Cu core Sn–Ag solder balls by plating pure Sn and Ag on Cu balls and clarified that Sn/Ag plating began to melt at a rather low temperature, the eutectic temperature of Sn–Ag–Cu. This early melting at the eutectic temperature was ascribed to the diffusion of Cu and Ag into the Sn plating during the heating process. We investigated the solderability of the BGA joint with the Ni/Au coated Cu pad to compare it with that of the commercial Sn–Ag and Sn–Ag–Cu balls. After reflow soldering, we observed a eutectic microstructure composed of β-Sn, Ag3Sn, and Cu6Sn5 phases in the solder, and a η′-(Au, Cu, Ni)6Sn5 reaction layer was formed at the interface between the solder and the Cu pad. The BGA joint using Cu core solder balls could prevent the degradation of joint strength during aging at 423 K because of the slower growth rate of the η′-(Au, Cu, Ni)6Sn5 reaction layer formed at the solder-pad interface. Furthermore, we were able to fabricate Cu-cored, multicomponent Sn–Ag–Bi balls by sequentially coating binary Sn–Ag and Sn–Bi solders onto Cu balls. The coated balls also exhibited almost the same melting and soldering behaviors as those of the previously alloyed Sn–2Ag–0.75Cu–3Bi solders.
Quantitative Analysis of Montmorillonite Platelet Size by Atomic Force Microscopy (2006)

This work focuses on the use of atomic force microscopy (AFM) for quantitative analysis of the size of suspended, exfoliated platelet materials. In particular, we study a model materialmontmorillonite (MMT) clayand use tapping-mode AFM with image analysis software to quantify the distributions of MMT platelet thickness and aspect ratio. X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and AFM confirm that, upon dispersion in water, MMT particles exfoliate into stable platelet suspensions, as is well-known. We use dry weight analysis, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and AFM to assess the impact of sample preparation procedures for exfoliation and obtaining high-quality AFM images. Unexfoliated MMT and other contaminant particles can be removed by low-speed centrifugation; however, large exfoliated platelets are increasingly removed as centrifugal acceleration increases. Dilution of MMT suspensions with acetone prior to deposition onto mica leads to high-quality AFM images with many isolated platelets. Quantitative analysis of the data from many AFM images shows that the distribution of MMT platelet thickness is narrow and centered near 1.0 nm. The distribution of platelet aspect ratio closely follows a log-normal distribution, which has not been previously reported in the literature for MMT. We find that the average aspect ratio measured by AFM correlates linearly with the effective spherical particle diameter measured by DLS.
Tonality of suntan vs sunless tanning with dihydroxyacetone (2000)

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Although there is an increasing awareness of the detrimental effects of solar irradiation on skin, a tanned look is still in fashion. To achieve the tanned look without sun exposure various sunless tanning formulations have become available. Most of these contain dihydroxyacetone (DHA) which binds to the proteins of the stratum cornium and imparts a brown color to skin. This color is similar to a suntan but can be somewhat more yellow, making it appear unnatural. The aim of this study was to determine a quantitative method to define a "natural" tan and to study methods to improve the tonality of sunless tanning on skin. METHODS: Tonality of suntan was determined as the marker for a "natural" tan. In order to achieve this, human volunteers were exposed to the sun and the change in skin color was observed after 3 days. Color measurements obtained with the Minolta Chromameter were plotted in two standard graphs labeled as the "natural universe of tan", which depicted a balance between Chroma and change in reflectance, while the "natural universe of color" determined the balance between changes in yellow and red components of the suntan. Change in skin color after treatment with DHA was then inserted in these graphs to observe how "natural" the tonality of sunless tan appeared relative to suntan. RESULTS: Results show a good balance between Chroma and change in reflectance for suntanned skin in the "natural universe of tan". Conversely, the "natural universe of color" exhibited a good balance between increase in yellow and red components of suntan. Sunless tan data inserted in these graphs showed that for several subjects with skin types I-II the tonality is not within the realm of "natural" but is unnaturally yellow. Addition of antioxidants, especially caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) in DHA formulation significantly shifted the tonality towards the center of the "natural universe of color". CONCLUSIONS: The "natural universes of tan and color" exhibit a simple and quantitative assessment of tonality of suntan and sunless tan. Although skin tonality from DHA-induced sunless tan can often lie outside the realm of the "natural" tan, it is possible to improve this tonality to a more "natural" look by addition of strong antioxidants in the DHA formulations.
Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Masonry Walls and Beams (1986)

Many reinforced masonry walls and beams were tested as a part of the U. S. -Japan cooperative research program on masonry building structures. Six concrete block and two clay brick masonry walls, one reinforced concrete wall, and four concrete block masonry beams were tested in order to evaluate their deformation capacity after yielding by flexure. Major findings are that: increases in amount of shear reinforcement and spiral reinforcement were effective on deformation capacity; existence of splices did not affect badly on deformation capacity; and ultimate shear stress increased, but deterioration of strength at large deformation became large by decrease in shear span ratio of beam.
Intrinsic Strain Aging, $Σ3$ Boundaries, and Origins of Cellular Substructure in Additively Manufactured 316L (2018)

The observation of sub-grained cellular features in additively manufactured (AM)/selectively laser melted (SLM) 316L stainless steel components has remained an interesting, though incompletely understood phenomenon. However, the recently observed correlation linking the presence of these features with significantly enhanced mechanical strength in SLM 316L materials has driven a renewed interest and effort toward elucidating the mechanism(s) by which they are formed. To date, the dominant hypothesis, cellular solidification followed by dislocation-solute entanglement, remains incompatible with the ensemble of reported observations from multiple independent studies. This effort offers direct evidence of a previously unrecognized interaction of phenomena, that, when acting in concert, give rise to this commonly observed substructure. These phenomena include SLM-induced intrinsic strain-aging, Cottrell atmosphere formation, and twin-boundary enhanced mass diffusion to structural defects.
Hsp90 Recognizes a Common Surface on Client Kinases (2006)

Hsp90 is a highly abundant chaperone whose clientele includes hundreds of cellular proteins, many of which are central players in key signal transduction pathways and the majority of which are protein kinases. In light of the variety of Hsp90 clientele, the mechanism of selectivity of the chaperone toward its client proteins is a major open question. Focusing on human kinases, we have demonstrated that the chaperone recognizes a common surface in the amino-terminal lobe of kinases from diverse families, including two newly identified clients, NFkappaB-inducing kinase and death-associated protein kinase, and the oncoprotein HER2/ErbB-2. Surface electrostatics determine the interaction with the Hsp90 chaperone complex such that introduction of a negative charge within this region disrupts recognition. Compiling information on the Hsp90 dependence of 105 protein kinases, including 16 kinases whose relationship to Hsp90 is first examined in this study, reveals that surface features, rather than a contiguous amino acid sequence, define the capacity of the Hsp90 chaperone machine to recognize client kinases. Analyzing Hsp90 regulation of two major signaling cascades, the mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, leads us to propose that the selectivity of the chaperone to specific kinases is functional, namely that Hsp90 controls kinases that function as hubs integrating multiple inputs. These lessons bear significance to pharmacological attempts to target the chaperone in human pathologies, such as cancer.
Industrial Utilization of Capacitive Deionization Technology for the Removal of Fluoride and Toxic Metal Ions (As3+/5+ and Pb2+) (2022)

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an emerging desalination technology, particularly useful for removing ionic and polarizable species from water. In this context, the desalination performance of fluoride and other toxic species (lead and arsenic) present in brackish water at an industrial scale of a few kilo liters using a CDI prototype built by InnoDI Private Limited is demonstrated. The prototype is highly efficient in removing ionic contaminants from water, including toxic and heavy metal ions. It can remove fluoride ions below the World Health Organization (WHO) limit (1.5 ppm) at an initial concentration of 7 ppm in the input feed water. The fluoride removal efficiency of the electrodes (at a feed concentration of 6 ppm) deteriorates by <b>≈</b>4-6% in the presence of bicarbonate and phosphate ions at concentrations of 100 ppm each. The removal efficiency depends on flow rate, initial total dissolved solids, and other co-ions present in the feed water. Interestingly, toxic species (As<sup>3+/5+</sup> and Pb<sup>2+</sup>) are also removed efficiently (removal efficiency > 90%) by this technology. The electrodes are characterized extensively before and after adsorption to understand the mechanism of adsorption at the electrode.
Vigilant (2008)

What do our computer systems do all day? How do we make sure they continue doing it when failures occur? Traditional approaches to answering these questions often involve in-band monitoring agents. However in-band agents suffer from several drawbacks: they need to be written or customized for every workload (operating system and possibly also application), they comprise potential security liabilities, and are themselves affected by adverse conditions in the monitored systems. Virtualization technology makes it possible to encapsulate an entire operating system or application instance within a virtual object that can then be easily monitored and manipulated without any knowledge of the contents or behavior of that object. This can be done out-of-band, using general purpose agents that do not reside inside the object, and hence are not affected by the behavior of the object. This paper describes Vigilant , a novel way of monitoring virtual machines for problems. Vigilant requires no specialized agents inside a virtual object it is monitoring. Instead, it uses the hypervisor to directly monitor the resource requests and utilization of an object. Machine learning methods are then used to analyze the readings. Our experimental results show that problems can be detected out-of-band with high accuracy. Using Vigilant we demonstrate that out-of-band monitoring using virtualization and machine learning can accurately identify faults in the guest OS, while avoiding the many pitfalls associated with in-band monitoring.
ExclusiveJ/ψPhotoproduction off Protons in Ultraperipheralp-Pb Collisions atsNN=5.02  TeV (2014)

We present the first measurement at the LHC of exclusive J/ψ photoproduction off protons, in ultraperipheral proton-lead collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV. Events are selected with a dimuon pair produced either in the rapidity interval, in the laboratory frame, 2.5<y<4 (p-Pb) or -3.6<y<-2.6 (Pb-p), and no other particles observed in the ALICE acceptance. The measured cross sections σ(γ+p→J/ψ+p) are 33.2±2.2(stat)±3.2(syst)±0.7(theor) nb in p-Pb and 284±36(stat)_{-32}^{+27}(syst)±26(theor) nb in Pb-p collisions. We measure this process up to about 700 GeV in the γp center of mass, which is a factor of two larger than the highest energy studied at HERA. The data are consistent with a power law dependence of the J/ψ photoproduction cross section in γp energies from about 20 to 700 GeV, or equivalently, from Bjorken x scaling variable between ∼2×10^{-2} and ∼2×10^{-5}, thus indicating no significant change in the gluon density behavior of the proton between HERA and LHC energies.
Reduced Order Thermal Modeling of Data Centers via Distributed Sensor Data (2012)

In this paper, an effective and computationally efficient proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) based reduced order modeling approach is presented, which utilizes selected sets of observed thermal sensor data inside the data centers to help predict the data center temperature field as a function of the air flow rates of computer room air conditioning (CRAC) units. The approach is demonstrated through application to an operational data center of 102.2 m2 (1100 square feet) with a hot and cold aisle arrangement of racks cooled by one CRAC unit. While the thermal data throughout the facility can be collected in about 30 min using a 3D temperature mapping tool, the POD method is able to generate temperature field throughout the data center in less than 2 s on a high end desktop personal computer (PC). Comparing the obtained POD temperature fields with the experimentally measured data for two different values of CRAC flow rates shows that the method can predict the temperature field with the average error of 0.68 °C or 3.2%. The maximum local error is around 8 °C, but the total number of points where the local error is larger than 1 °C, is only ∼6% of the total domain points.
Machine Learning-Based Prefetching for SCM Main Memory System (2020)

Demand for in-memory data processing of large-scale data is expanding, and expectations for storage-class memories (SCMs) are increasing accordingly. SCM achieves low standby power and higher density compared to DRAM. However, SCM is relatively slower than DRAM and requires more dynamic power. Therefore, it is necessary to improve speeds and reduce power usage by SCM by performing memory hierarchical control such as power-efficient prefetch control according to application memory access characteristics. However, such memory hierarchical control is complicated, making it difficult to determine an optimal memory control. Therefore, we propose an auto-tuning framework for dynamically predicting optimal memory control for SCM main memory system using machine learning based on system-level time series performance data. In this paper, we describe application of the proposed framework to prefetch control and evaluate the feasibility of power-efficient prefetch control. The results confirm automatic generation of prediction models reflecting domain knowledge of computer systems, allowing high-speed low-power real-time memory control.
Laser Written Stretchable Diffractive Optic Elements in Liquid Crystal Gels (2022)

Direct laser writing (DLW) in liquid crystals (LCs) enables a range of new stimuli-responsive functionality to be realized. Here, a method of fabricating mechanically tunable diffraction gratings in stretchable LC gels is demonstrated using a combination of two-photon polymerization direct laser writing (TPP-DLW) and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Results are presented that demonstrate the fabrication of a diffraction grating that is written using TPP-DLW in the presence of an electric field in order to align and lock-in the LC director in a homeotropic configuration. The electric field is subsequently removed and the surrounding regions of the LC layer are then exposed to UV light to freeze-in a different alignment so as to ensure that there is a phase difference between the laser written and UV illuminated polymerized regions. It is found that there is a change in the period of the diffraction grating when observed on a polarizing optical microscope as well as a change in the far-field diffraction pattern when the film is stretched or contracted. These experimental results are then compared with the results from simulations. The paper concludes with a demonstration of tuning of the far-field diffraction pattern of a 2-dimensional diffraction grating.