gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plan generation and hard real-time execution with application to safe, autonomous flight (1999)

this paper. &amp;quot;Planned-for&amp;quot; states are those the planner has expanded. This set is divided into two parts: &amp;quot;handled&amp;quot; states from which failure is assured to be avoided and from which the goal can be reached, and &amp;quot;deadend&amp;quot; states from which failure is avoided but from which the goal cannot be reached using the current plan. All World States Modeled Planned-for &amp;quot;Handled&amp;quot; -- can reach goal Deadend Removed Imminent Failure World States Actually Reached Figure 5-1: World State Classification Diagram. 84 A variety of other states are modelable by the planner. Such states include those identified as reachable, but &amp;quot;removed&amp;quot; because attending to them along with the &amp;quot;planned-for&amp;quot; states exceeds system capabilities. Other modeled states include those that indicate &amp;quot;imminent failure;&amp;quot; if the system enters these states, it is likely to fail shortly thereafter. Note that some states might be both &amp;quot;removed&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;imminent-failure&amp;quot;, as illustrated in Figure 5-1. Finally, some modeled states might not fall into any of these categories, such as the states the planner considered unreachable but that are not necessarily dangerous. As illustrated by the boldly outlined region in Figure 5-1, states actually reached may include any subclass. To assure safety, the set should only have elements in the &amp;quot;planned-for&amp;quot; region. When the set has elements outside this region, safety and performance depend on classifying an unplanned-for state if and when it is entered and responding appropriately. For this reason, we provide more detailed definitions of the most important classes. A &amp;quot;deadend&amp;quot; state (DS) results when a transition path leads from an initial state to a state that cannot reach the goal, as shown in Figure 5-2. The deadend state is safe because there is no transition to failure. However, ...
Design and analysis of vertical-cavity semiconductor optical amplifiers (2001)

The authors present detailed, yet largely analytical, models for gain, optical bandwidth, and saturation power of vertical-cavity semiconductor optical amplifiers (VCSOAs) in reflection and transmission mode. Simple formulas for the gain-bandwidth product are derived. The saturation model considers a sublinear material gain, gain enhancement by the standing-wave effect, and all relevant carrier recombination mechanisms. Excellent agreement with measurements on novel 1.3-/spl mu/m VCSOAs is obtained. The models are used to analyze device performance and to investigate optimization options. Parameter plots are given which allow for an easy exploration of the VCSOA design space, matching desired performance data with the required mirror reflectivity and pump current.
Variability of spike trains and neural codes (2014)

The neuron models discussed in the previous chapters are deterministic and generate, for most choices of parameters, spike trains that look regular when driven by a constant stimulus. In vivo recordings of neuronal activity, however, are characterized by a high degree of irregularity. The spike train of an individual neuron is far from being periodic, and correlations between the spike timings of neighboring neurons are weak. If the electrical activity picked up by an extracellular electrode is made audible by a loudspeaker then what we basically hear is noise. The question whether this is indeed just noise or rather a highly efficient way of coding information cannot easily be answered. Indeed, listening to a computer modem or a fax machine might also leave the impression that this is just noise. Being able to decide whether we are witnessing the neuronal activity that is underlying the composition of a poem (or the electronic transmission of a love letter) and not just meaningless flicker is one of the most burning problems in neuroscience.
Development of a portable GC/MS analyzer and direct interface sampling system for volatile organic pollutants (1995)

This paper briefly reviews US Environmental Protection Agency Methods for measuring volatile organic compounds in stationary source effluent, and describes a field portable gas chromatography/mass spectrometer (GC/MS) for sampling ambient air and stationary source effluent. The instrumentation consists of a service module and an analytical module, each weighing approximately 30 pounds. An onboard computer and software facilitate implementation of the analytical method, which was developed specifically 37 volatile organics listed as hazardous air pollutants in Title III of the Clean Air Act Amentments. Analytes can be detected and quantified over a 50 ppb to 1000 ppm range.
Restauration d'images par paquets d'ondelettes (1997)

Les imperfections des capteurs de nombreux systemes d’imagerie introduisent une degradation que l’on modelise par une convolution avec un filtre passe-bas, a laquelle vient s’ajouter un bruit electronique. Nous proposons une technique de deconvolution par filtrage inverse regularisee par un seuillage des coefficients de paquets d’ondelettes. La base est determinee de facon optimale suivant l’algorithme de Coifman et Wickerhauser, a l’aide d’un critere qui permet de discriminer au mieux le signal du bruit colore. Cette technique surpasse de maniere significative les estimateurs lineaires quand le nombre d’echantillons augmente. L’algorithme est rapide et fournit des resultats visuellement et metriquement satisfaisants. ABSTRACT
Use of Global Sensitivity Analysis for CROPGRO Cotton Model Development (2007)

Crop models range in complexity from simple ones with a few state variables to complex ones having a large number of model parameters and state variables. Determining and understanding how sensitive the output of a model is with respect to model parameters is a guiding tool for model developers. A new cotton model is being developed using the Cropping System Model (CSM)-CROPGRO crop template that allows the introduction of a new crop and its integration with other modules such as soil and weather without changing any code. The main goal of this study was to investigate whether global sensitivity analysis would provide better information on the importance of model parameters than the simpler and commonly used local sensitivity analysis method. Additionally, we were interested in determining the most important crop growth parameters in predicting development and yield and if the model sensitivity to these parameters would vary under irrigated and rainfed conditions. Sensitivity analyses were performed on dry matter yield and length of season model responses for a wet cropping season (year 2003) and a dry cropping season (year 2000) under irrigated and rainfed conditions. Results indicated that global sensitivity analysis improved our understanding of the importance of the model parameters on model output relative to local sensitivity analysis. Results from global sensitivity analysis indicated that the specific leaf area under standard growth conditions (SLAVR) was the most important model parameter influencing cotton yield under both irrigated and rainfed conditions when taking into account its range of uncertainty. Results from local sensitivity analysis indicated that the light extinction coefficient (KCAN) was the most influencing model parameter. In both global and local sensitivity analyses, the duration between first seed and physiological maturity (SD-PM) was the most important parameter for season length response. The differences obtained for global vs. local sensitivity analysis can be explained by the inability of local sensitivity analysis to take into consideration the interactions among parameters, their ranges of uncertainty, and nonlinear responses to parameters.
Provisioning Green Energy for Base Stations in Heterogeneous Networks (2015)

Cellular networks are among the biggest energy hogs of communication networks, and their contributions to the global energy consumption rapidly increase due to the surge of data traffic. With the development of green energy technologies, base stations (BSs) can be powered by green energy to reduce on-grid energy consumption and subsequently reduce carbon footprints. However, equipping a BS with a green energy system incurs additional capital expenditure (CAPEX) that is determined by the size of the green energy generator, the battery capacity, and other installation expenses. In this paper, we introduce and investigate the green energy provisioning (GEP) problem, which aims to minimize the CAPEX of deploying green energy systems in BSs while satisfying the quality-of-service (QoS) requirements of cellular networks. The GEP problem is challenging because it involves optimization over multiple time slots and across multiple BSs. We decompose the GEP problem into the weighted energy minimization problem and the green energy system sizing problem and propose a GEP solution consisting of the provision-cost-aware traffic load balancing algorithm and the binary energy system sizing algorithm to solve the subproblems and subsequently solve the GEP problem. We validate the performance and the viability of the proposed GEP solution through extensive simulations, which also conform to our analytical results.
Genome Analysis of Rift Valley Fever Virus, Mayotte (2012)

As further confirmation of a first human case of Rift Valley fever in 2007 in Comoros, we isolated Rift Valley fever virus in suspected human cases. These viruses are genetically closely linked to the 2006-2007 isolates from Kenya.
Architectural considerations for parallel query evaluation algorithms (1996)

Parallelism is key to high performance relational database systems. Since there are several parallel architectures suitable for database systems, a few interesting problems arise, mostly from an emphasis on the differences among the architectures. Specifically, in the literature, differences rather than similarities between the architectures are pointed out, and the specific details of a particular architecture, crucial to high performance, are generally ignored. In this thesis we have attempted to remedy this situation by emphasizing the similarities and a deeper understanding of two popular parallel architectures, shared nothing and shared memory, from a database perspective. We show that there is complementarity and similarity in the two architectures by showing that software shared-memory support can be used to improve performance on shared-nothing hardware and by showing that shared-nothing software can run on shared-memory hardware with performance comparable to that of &amp;quot;native&amp;quot; ...
Supplementary Figure 1 from Characterization of Bone Metastases from Rapid Autopsies of Prostate Cancer Patients (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Characterization of Bone Metastases from Rapid Autopsies of Prostate Cancer Patients
Helicobacter sp. strain Mainz isolated from an AIDS patient with septic arthritis: case report and nonradioactive analysis of 16S rRNA sequence (1994)

A campylobacter-like organism was isolated from an effusion of the left knee joint of an AIDS patient 2 weeks after bacteremia with a morphologically identical organism. Amplified genomic 16S rRNA sequences were analyzed by a nonradioactive blotting technique. The closest match was found with Helicobacter fenelliae (97.7% homology). Sequence data and phenotype suggest that the isolate may represent a so far unrecognized species of the genus Helicobacter.
Methodology for designing cryptographic systems with advanced functionality based on a modular approach (2014)

この論文では新たに設計される高機能暗号技術が提供する機能や安全性について第三者が理解することが容易でないことが同技術を実社会へ導入する際の大きな障壁となっていることを指摘し、それを軽減するための設計思想について議論を行う。そのような高機能暗号技術の例として代理再暗号化技術を取り上げ、提案する設計手法によってそのような障壁が軽減されていることを論ずる。
Upregulation of cardiac interstitial chymase after canine myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (2008)

The serine protease chymase is stored in mast cell secretory granules and is released upon mast cell activation into the cardiac interstitium where it activates matrix metalloproteinases, causes cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and generates angiotensin (Ang) II. Miyazaki et. al . (Life Sci. 71:437, 2002) reported beneficial effects on cardiac function and survival of chymase inhibition during the acute phase of myocardial infarction in hamsters. Here we determined if mast cell‐chymase is released into the cardiac interstitium after acute myocardial ischemia (MI) and reperfusion in dogs. To measure in vivo left ventricle (LV) interstitial fluid (ISF) chymase activity, we combined cardiac microdialysis with direct ISF infusion of the chymase‐specific substrate [Pro 11 , DAla 12 ]Ang I after MI. The ISF chymase activity in the ischemic region was 3.5‐fold (n=6, p&lt;0.001) increased after 60 min MI followed 100 min reperfusion and it was significantly suppressed by TEI‐F00806 (100 mg/kg/BID, pretreated 5 days), a novel, orally active and specific chymase inhibitor (CI). Importantly, there was also 5‐fold (n=6, p&lt;0.001) increased ISF chymase activity in the non‐ischemic region after reperfusion and this increase was completely blocked by CI treatment. The current investigation indicates that LV ISF chymase in vivo can be regulated by factors that affect mast cell activation, in particular, MI and reperfusion. These findings demonstrated for the first time that cardiac interstitial chymase participates directly in the pathophysiologic state after acute MI in dog. Supported by TEIJIN Pharma Limited and SCCOR in Cardiac Dysfunction P50HL077100 (LJD).
Investigation of an optical limiting mechanism in multiwalled carbon nanotubes (2000)

We report our investigation of the mechanism that is responsible for the optical limiting behavior in multiwalled carbon nanotubes. We conducted energy-dependent transmission measurements, picosecond time-resolved pump-probe experiment, and nonlinear scattering experiments at 532-nm wavelength on multiwalled carbon nanotube suspension. For comparison, C(60)-toluene solutions and carbon black suspensions were also studied in the same experiments. The similarities that we observed between the multiwalled carbon nanotubes and carbon black suspension suggest that nonlinear scattering, which is known to be responsible for the limiting action in carbon black suspension, should play an important role in the limiting effect in multiwalled carbon nanotubes.
In fatal COVID-19, the immune response can control the virus but kill the patient (2020)

Emotions coordinate our behavior and physiological states during survival-salient events and pleasurable interactions. Even though we are often consciously aware of our current emotional state, such as anger or happiness, the mechanisms giving ...Emotions are often felt in the body, and somatosensory feedback has been proposed to trigger conscious emotional experiences. Here we reveal maps of bodily sensations associated with different emotions using a unique topographical self-report method. In ...
Transfer nuclear Overhauser effect study of the conformation of oxytocin bound to bovine neurophysin I (1993)

This study reports the structure of the peptide hormone oxytocin bound to its carrier protein, neurophysin I, obtained by nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. At the pH value of 2.1 in our experiments, the ligand is in fast exchange with its carrier protein, allowing the use of transfer-NOE methods. The number of distance constraints for the peptide being limited, considerable attention has been paid to an accurate distance determination. The resulting accurate distance limits were used as input for a distance geometry calculation followed by a restrained molecular dynamics run. Convergence to a well-defined family of structures for oxytocin in its bound state was reached. Both the backbone and the side-chain conformations differ between the bound form and the crystal structure of free oxytocin [Wood, S. P., et al. (1986) Science 232, 633]. These differences, as well as other structural features of the bound form, are discussed in terms of interactions made with the carrier protein. Transfer-NOE experiments at low peptide protein ratios provide direct experimental evidence for contacts between the oxytocin Tyr2 residue and an aromatic residue of neurophysin. The resonance assignments of the aromatic groups [Whittaker, B. A., et al. (1985) Biochemistry 24, 2782] together with the recently published X-ray structure of the neurophysin II protein complexed with a dipeptide [Chen et al. (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88, 4240] allow us to assign the aromatic signal on the protein to the neurophysin Phe22 residue.
Coherent Hard X-ray Multiprojection Imaging (2018)

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Stable high dV/dt switching of SiC JFETs using simple drive methods (2013)

Due to low on-resistance and low intrinsic capacitance the SiC JFET is capable of very high dV/dt in principle. However, these advantages often result in the excitation of resonant modes during switching. The low on on-resistance of the device results in less contributes little damping of to the L-C resonance in the circuit. Under conditions which are realizable in applications, the devices will manifest sustained oscillations. Typically these problems are addressed by reducing the switching speeds using various dissipative methods. These methods focus on symptomatic effects rather than causes. Careful consideration to parasitic inductances in circuit layout can yield very high dV/dt switching (e.g. <; 30 V/ns) with only the need for modest series gate resistance to achieve stable operation. This paper demonstrates this effect experimentally, reporting the highest known switching rates of inductive currents for these devices to date.
Gammaherpesvirus infections in equids: a review (2015)

Although the first equine gammaherpesvirus was identified over 50 years ago, the isolation and characterization of other members of this virus group has been relatively recent. Even so, numerous clinical syndromes have been identified in equid species in association with these viruses. Equid gammaherpesviruses are a genetically heterogeneous viral subfamily, the function of which in host immune modulation and disease pathogenesis has not yet been elucidated. While they share similarities with gammaherpesviruses in humans, the role they play in their relationship with the host is the subject of continued interest and research. Their widespread presence in horses and other equid species provides a considerable challenge in linking them with particular clinical and pathological conditions and in defining their significance from a diagnostic and therapeutic viewpoint. The present review provides an update on the taxonomy, epidemiology, and clinical syndromes, especially respiratory, reported in association with gammaherpesvirus infection in horses, donkeys, and other equid species.
Quantitative magnetic resonance and SPECT imaging for macrophage tissue migration and nanoformulated drug delivery (2006)

We posit that the same mononuclear phagocytes (MP) [bone marrow (BM) and blood monocytes, tissue macrophages, microglia, and dendritic cells] which serve as targets, reservoirs, and vehicles for HIV dissemination, can be used as vehicles for antiretroviral therapy (ART). Toward this end, BM macrophages (BMM) were used as carriers for nanoparticle-formulated indinavir (NP-IDV), and the cell distribution was monitored by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), transverse relation time (T2)* weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), histology, and gamma-scintillation spectrometry. BMM labeled with super paramagnetic iron oxide and/or 111indium oxine were infused i.v. into naïve mice. During the first 7 h, greater than 86% of cell label was recorded within the lungs. On Days 1, 3, 5, and 7, less than 10% of BMM were in lungs, and 74-81% and 13-18% were in liver and spleen, respectively. On a tissue volume basis, as determined by SPECT and MRI, BMM densities in spleen and liver were significantly greater than other tissues. Migration into the lymph nodes on Days 1 and 7 accounted for 1.5-2% of the total BMM. Adoptive transfer of BMM loaded with NP-IDV produced drug levels in lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues that exceeded reported therapeutic concentrations by 200- to 350-fold on Day 1 and remained in excess of 100- to 300-fold on Day 14. These data show real-time kinetics and destinations of macrophage trafficking and demonstrate the feasibility of monitoring macrophage-based, nanoformulated ART.
Practical Private One-way Anonymous Message Routing (2015)

Opinions from people can either be biased or reflect low participation due to legitimate concerns about privacy and anonymity. To alleviate those concerns, the identity of a message sender should be disassociated from the message while the contents of the actual message should be hidden from any relaying nodes. We propose a novel message routing scheme based on probabilistic forwarding that guarantees message privacy and sender anonymity through additively homomorphic public-key encryption. Our scheme is applicable to anonymous surveys and microblogging.
ChemInform Abstract: Intermolecular Pinacol Coupling of Sulfur‐Substituted Aldehydes by ( V2Cl3(THF)6)2(Zn2Cl6). The Effect of the Substitution at Sulfur on the Stereochemical Outcome of the Coupling Reaction. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Single scan STEM-EMCD in 3-beam orientation using a quadruple aperture (2023)

The need to acquire multiple angle-resolved electron energy loss spectra (EELS) is one of the several critical challenges associated with electron magnetic circular dichroism (EMCD) experiments. If the experiments are performed by scanning a nanometer to atomic-sized electron probe on a specific region of a sample, the precision of the local magnetic information extracted from such data highly depends on the accuracy of the spatial registration between multiple scans. For an EMCD experiment in a 3-beam orientation, this means that the same specimen area must be scanned four times while keeping all the experimental conditions same. This is a non-trivial task as there is a high chance of morphological and chemical modification as well as non-systematic local orientation variations of the crystal between the different scans due to beam damage, contamination and spatial drift. In this work, we employ a custom-made quadruple aperture to acquire the four EELS spectra needed for the EMCD analysis in a single electron beam scan, thus removing the above-mentioned complexities. We demonstrate a quantitative EMCD result for a beam convergence angle corresponding to sub-nm probe size and compare the EMCD results for different detector geometries.