gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1879: Chemoprevention of rat mammary carcinogenesis by Apiaceae spices: Potential mechanisms (2010)

Abstract Spices have been used for generations in cuisines, as well as in the treatment of various ailments as part of folklore medicine. Scientific evidence suggests that many herbs and spices have medicinal properties that alleviate symptoms or prevent disease. We have previously demonstrated that certain Apiaceae spices (fennel, cumin and ajowan) are protective against oxidative DNA adducts and estrogen-induced changes in the ACI rat mammary tumorigenesis model. Here we report on the chemopreventive potential of other Apiaceae spices with presumable distinct phytochemical profiles, namely, anise, caraway and celery seeds and their possible mechanisms, along with the previously studied spices. Groups of female ACI rats were given either control (AIN 93M) diet or diet supplemented with 7.5% (w/w) anise, caraway and celery seeds. Two weeks later, one half of the animals in each groups were treated with subcutaneous silastic implants of 17ß-estradiol (1.2 cm; 9 mg). Rats received water and diet ad libitum. Diet intake and body weight were recorded weekly and animals were euthanized after 3 and 12 weeks. No significant difference was found in the diet intake and body weight gain suggesting that test spices were well tolerated at given doses. Estrogen treatment showed significantly (2.1 and 3.4 fold) enhanced growth of pituitary gland at 3 and 12 weeks, respectively. However all test spices significantly offset the pituitary growth by 12 weeks, except celery which was effective as early as 3 weeks. All test spices also significantly reduced the plasma prolactin level by 3 weeks, and this protection was more pronounced by 3 months, with celery eliciting the highest protection. Immunohistochemical analysis of PCNA in mammary tissues from three weeks studies has shown significant reduction in estrogen-mediated mammary cell proliferation by fennel, ajowan and cumin, analyzed thus far. To determine potential molecular targets of the spices, in the genomic and non-genomic pathways of estrogen-mediated mammary tumorigenesis, we analyzed mammary tissues for selected proteins by Western blot analysis. Diets supplemented with fennel, ajowan, caraway and cumin significantly offset estrogen-mediated overexpression of both cyclin D1 and ERα. Likewise the expression of CYP1B1 by Western analysis and CYP1A1 by RT-PCR were also found to be inhibited by fennel, ajowan and cumin. These data suggest that Apiaceae spices offset estrogen-mediated increases in i) mammary cell proliferation; ii) ERα; iii) cyclin D1; and iv) CYP1A1 and CYP1B1. Noteworthy is the reduction of circulating prolactin levels by the spices, which is one of the key factors in mammary tumorigenesis in this model. (Supported from the USPSH grant CA-125152 and Agnes Brown Duggan Endowment). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1879.
Integrated physiology of the lower urinary tract (2015)

This chapter summarizes clinical and experimental data to describe the complexity of the peripheral and central nervous systems controlling urine storage and elimination in the lower urinary tract. The urinary bladder and its outlet, the urethra, serve two main functions: storage of urine without leakage and periodic release of urine. Parasympathetic preganglionic neurons innervating the lower urinary tract are located in the lateral part of the sacral intermediate gray matter in a region termed sacral parasympathetic nucleus. Sympathetic outflow from the rostral lumbar spinal cord provides a noradrenergic excitatory and inhibitory input to the bladder and urethra to facilitate urine storage. The pelvic, hypogastric, and pudendal nerves also contain afferent axons that transmit information from the lower urinary tract to the lumbosacral spinal cord. The central pathways controlling lower urinary tract function are organized as on–off switching circuits that maintain a reciprocal relationship between the urinary bladder and urethral outlet.
Treatment of Deet in an Advanced Ozone Membrane Reactor (2016)

The risks posed by endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) on the developmental, behavioral and reproductive well-being of people and animals cannot be ignored considering the increasing occurrence of these compounds in the environment. The persistent and refractory nature of these pollutants is particularly worrying. This work investigates the conversion of DEET in an advanced ozone membrane reactor (AOMR). The reactor uses ozone-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane for ozone distribution and polyvinylidene fluorine (PVDF) membrane acts as membrane contactor and separator. Activated carbon adsorbents were deposited within the membrane lumen to trap DEET and their byproducts to allow for more complete degradation by ozone. Mass measurements were used to determine the extent of DEET conversion and degradation, while bioassay kits were employed to monitor to acute toxicity, genotoxicity and estrogenic activity of the treated water. More complete mineralization of the DEET lead to lower bioactivity in the treated water compared to DEET treated by either ozonation or membrane separation.
Health-Focused Optimal Power Flow (2021)

In this paper, we propose a novel Health-Focused Optimal Power Flow (HF-OPF) to take into account the equipment health in operational and physical constraints. The health condition index is estimated based on the possible fault characteristics for generators and batteries. The paper addresses the need for understanding the relationship between health condition index and the operational constraints in OPF problems. Such a relationship is established through Finite Element Method (FEM)-based simulations. The simulations for generator and battery faults indicate the presence of an inflection point after which effect of fault becomes severe. A microgrid system is used to illustrate the performance of the proposed HF-OPF. The results show that health condition inflicts high cost of generation and can lead to infeasibility even with less critical faults.
Wide-band silicon photonic MOEMS spectrometer requiring a single photodetector (2020)

We propose a novel integrated micro-opto-mechanical-system spectrometer design in a monochromator setup. It consists of a concave grating fabricated in a planar waveguide that is connected to a rotational electrostatic actuator, which enables angular tuning of the grating. The spectrometer covers a wide operational wavelength range (>100 nm), covering partially the E-band and fully covering the S, C, and L-bands (1416.6 nm - 1696.6 nm), and requires a single photodetector to acquire the spectrum. The spectrometer is designed to exhibit low optical losses throughout the range of motion. The spectrum can be acquired at a frequency of 1.76 kHz. The simulated acquired spectrum features an average insertion loss of -1.8 dB and a crosstalk better than -70 dB with a resolution as low as 1.62 nm. The entire device covers an area of 4 mm x 4 mm and is based on a thick silicon-on-insulator platform.
Distances of electron transfer to and from metalloprotein redox sites in reactions with inorganic complexes (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDistances of electron transfer to and from metalloprotein redox sites in reactions with inorganic complexesA. Grant Mauk, Robert A. Scott, and Harry B. GrayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 13, 4360–4363Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00533a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00533a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views227Altmetric-Citations79LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Supporting information: 1H and 13C NMR Charts (2019)

1H and 13C NMR Charts
<title>3D reconstruction of opaque objects from Fourier intensity data</title> (1997)

3D imaging provides important profile information not available with conventional 2D image products. Profile information can be extremely valuable for industrial- inspection and remote target-characterization applications. In this paper, we discuss a novel imaging modality, called PROCLAIM, that utilizes the powerful constraint that opaque objects can be described by a 2D surface embedded in 3D space. Far-field Fourier intensity measurements are collected by flood-illuminating an object with a frequency- tunable laser and direct detecting the backscattered signal with a lensless sensor. This technique allows for precise, non-contract surface measurements, without the stringent coherence and mechanical stability requirements of related interferometric techniques. We present reconstruction results form simulated data and from laboratory measurements.
The ocean as a calibration target to trim SMOS visibility denormalization errors (2017)

It has recently been found that the visibility denormalization process introduces a spatial error distribution due to small sporadic offset jumps in the PMS detectors. The radiometric impact of this error at system level is very low. However, due to the good performance of the SMOS instrument, a study has recently been conducted to evaluate the amplitude of such visibility errors and develop a mitigation technique. The main results of this study are summarized in this presentation.
Control of colloidal placement by modulated molecular orientation in nematic cells (2016)

Colloids self-assemble into various organized superstructures determined by particle interactions. There is a tremendous progress in both the scientific understanding and applications of self-assemblies of single-type identical particles. Forming superstructures in which the colloidal particles occupy predesigned sites and remain in these sites despite thermal fluctuations represents a major challenge of the current state-of-the art. Here we propose a versatile approach to direct placement of colloids using nematic liquid crystals with spatially varying molecular orientation pre-imposed by substrate photoalignment. Colloidal particles in nematic environment are subject to the long-range elastic forces originating in the orientational order of the nematic. Gradients of the orientational order create an elastic energy landscape that drives the colloids into locations with preferred type of deformations. As an example, we demonstrate that colloidal spheres with perpendicular surface anchoring are driven into the regions of maximum splay, while spheres with tangential surface anchoring settle into the regions of bend. Elastic forces responsible for preferential placement are measured by exploring overdamped dynamics of the colloids. Control of colloidal self-assembly through patterned molecular orientation opens new opportunities for design of materials and devices in which particles should be placed in pre-designed locations.
In vitro and in vivo antimycobacterial activities of ketone and amide derivatives of quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide (2008)

Quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxides represent a new class of orally active antitubercular drugs. They are likely bioreduced to an active metabolite, but the pathway of bacterial activation was different from PA-824, a bioreducible nitroimidazole in clinical trials. Compound 5 was bactericidal and active on NRP organisms indicating that activation occurred in both growing and non-replicating bacteria leading to cell death. The presence of NRP bacteria is believed to be a major factor responsible for the prolonged nature of antitubercular therapy. If the bactericidal activity and activity on non-replicating bacteria in vitro translate to in vivo conditions, quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxides may offer a path to shortened therapy.
Human UBN1 Is an Ortholog of Yeast Hpc2p and Has an Essential Role in the HIRA/ASF1a Chromatin-Remodeling Pathway in Senescent Cells (2008)

Cellular senescence is an irreversible proliferation arrest, tumor suppression process and likely contributor to tissue aging. Senescence is often characterized by domains of facultative heterochromatin, called senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF), which repress expression of proliferation-promoting genes. Given its likely contribution to tumor suppression and tissue aging, it is essential to identify all components of the SAHF assembly pathway. Formation of SAHF in human cells is driven by a complex of histone chaperones, namely, HIRA and ASF1a. In yeast, the complex orthologous to HIRA/ASF1a contains two additional proteins, Hpc2p and Hir3p. Using a sophisticated approach to search for remote orthologs conserved in multiple species through evolution, we identified the HIRA-associated proteins, UBN1 and UBN2, as candidate human orthologs of Hpc2p. We show that the Hpc2-related domain of UBN1, UBN2, and Hpc2p is an evolutionarily conserved HIRA/Hir-binding domain, which directly interacts with the N-terminal WD repeats of HIRA/Hir. UBN1 binds to proliferation-promoting genes that are repressed by SAHF and associates with histone methyltransferase activity that methylates lysine 9 of histone H3, a site that is methylated in SAHF. UBN1 is indispensable for formation of SAHF. We conclude that UBN1 is an ortholog of yeast Hpc2p and a novel regulator of senescence.
NetBricks: taking the V out of NFV (2016)

The move from hardware middleboxes to software network functions, as advocated by NFV, has proven more challenging than expected. Developing new NFs remains a tedious process, requiring that developers repeatedly rediscover and reapply the same set of optimizations, while current techniques for providing isolation between NFs (using VMs or containers) incur high performance overheads. In this paper we describe NetBricks, a new NFV framework that tackles both these problems. For building NFs we take inspiration from modern data analytics frameworks (e.g., Spark and Dryad) and build a small set of customizable network processing elements. We also embrace type checking and safe runtimes to provide isolation in software, rather than rely on hardware isolation. NetBricks provides the same memory isolation as containers and VMs, without incurring the same performance penalties. To improve I/O efficiency, we introduce a novel technique called zero-copy software isolation.
Cold-cathode, high-current electron source using Micro Hollow Cathode Discharge (2014)

A Micro Hollow Cathode Discharge (MHCD), a technology well known as an ion source, is adapted, using Argon, to be a cold-cathode electron beam source with high total current. Cylindrical cathodes of various internal diameters, used to confine the plasma, have been investigated. The `pd' gas breakdown scaling rules necessitate an increase in argon pressure with decreasing tube diameter. As the tube diameter approaches micrometer regime, the operating pressure approaches 1 ATM, with the result of the current density increasing dramatically. The plasma electrons are formed into a beam using an electrostatic lens. Measured data and beam-focusing simulations indicate that using a 15mm-diameter cathode, operating at 300 mTorr, a current density of 1.5Acm-2 can be obtained. Data from 3mm and 9mm MHCDs have also been measured. To enable using the MHCD as the electron resource for a microwave tube amplifier, a focus system has been designed, incorporating an electrostatic lens with three stages, ranging up to 1 kV. The lens stages incorporate differential pumping in order to reduce the pressure to the order of 10-7 Pa for microwave tube. The apertures between stages are positioned at the minimal-diameter points of the beam, in order to enable maximum pressure isolation between stages.
Understanding osteoarthritis of the knee--causes and effects. (2004)

Osteoarthritis of the knee is common, increasing with age in both women and men, but is generally more prevalent in women following the fourth decade. Osteoarthritis may be primary/idiopathic or secondary as a consequence of trauma, surgery, infection, or another disease process. Normal articular cartilage is composed of an extracellular matrix and chondrocytes. This matrix contains water, collagen fibers, and proteoglycan macromolecules cross-linked into an integrated network with hyaluronic acid. Osteoarthritis represents an imbalance in the destructive and synthetic processes of the cartilage that leads to erosion of the cartilage. In addition, there is a decreased concentration and viscosity of the synovial fluid in osteoarthritic patients, and this may decrease the lubricating and cushioning properties of the joint. There is also an underlying inflammation of the synovium, as well as damage or reactive changes in the subchondral bone. The entire process is thought to involve a complex interaction of cells and soluble mediators such as cytokines, growth factors, inflammatory mediators, metalloproteinases, and chondrodegradative enzymes. Understanding the biochemical and molecular changes that occur in the joint is requisite to the development of treatments for osteoarthritis of the knee that address both the symptoms of pain and loss of mobility as well as the underlying disease progression. The clinical goal of the management of osteoarthritis should be to treat not only the symptoms of the disease, such as pain and decreased mobility, but also the underlying pathology of the degenerative process.
Dendrimer‐Based Macromolecular Conjugate for the Kidney‐Directed Delivery of a Multitargeted Sunitinib Analogue (2011)

The development of a macromolecular conjugate of a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor is described that can be used for renal-specific delivery into proximal tubular cells. A novel sunitinib analogue, that is, 17864, is conjugated to a NH(2) -PAMAM-G3 dendrimer via the platinum (II)-based Universal Linkage System (ULS™). The activity of 17864 is retained after coordination to the ULS linker alone or when coupled to NH(2) -PAMAM-G3. 17864-UlS-NH(2) -PAMAM-G3 is non-toxic to proximal tubular cells in vitro. After intravenous administration to mice, 17864-UlS-NH(2) -PAMAM-G3 rapidly and efficiently accumulates in the kidneys. These results are encouraging for future studies focusing on the development of novel therapeutics for the treatment of renal diseases.
RING Domain Mutations Uncouple TRIM5α Restriction of HIV-1 from Inhibition of Reverse Transcription and Acceleration of Uncoating (2011)

Rhesus TRIM5α (TRIM5α(rh)) is a cytosolic protein that potently restricts HIV-1 at an early postentry stage, prior to reverse transcription. The ability of TRIM5α(rh) to block HIV-1 infection has been correlated with a decrease of pelletable HIV-1 capsid during infection. To genetically dissect the ability of TRIM5α to block reverse transcription, we studied a set of TRIM5α(rh) RING domain mutants that potently restrict HIV-1 but allow the occurrence of reverse transcription. These TRIM5α(rh) RING variants blocked HIV-1 infection after reverse transcription but prior to integration, as suggested by the routing of nuclear viral DNA to circularization in the form of 2-long terminal repeat (2-LTR) circles. The folding of RING domain variants was similar to that of the wild type, as evaluated by nuclear magnetic resonance. RING domain changes that allowed the occurrence of reverse transcription were impaired in their ability to decrease the amount of pelletable capsid compared with wild-type TRIM5α. Similar effects of this particular group of mutations were observed with human TRIM5α inhibition of N-tropic murine leukemia virus (N-MLV). Interestingly, TRIM5α(rh) RING domain variants also prevented the degradation of TRIM5α(rh) that occurs following cell entry of HIV-1. These data correlated the block of reverse transcription with the ability of TRIM5α to accelerate uncoating. Collectively, these results suggest that TRIM5α(rh) blocks HIV-1 reverse transcription by inducing premature viral uncoating in target cells.
Distance-adaptive spectrum slot allocation algorithm for efficient use of network resources on elastic optical network (2014)

We present a distance-adaptive spectrum slot allocation algorithm on elastic optical network. Efficient spectrum allocation is achieved by the proposed algorithm with CDC-ROADMs, especially for the case that the DC-user traffic is dominant.
Classification of supercritical gas adsorption isotherms based on fluid–fluid interaction (2002)

Based on an increase in fluid–fluid interaction, supercritical gas adsorption isotherms can be classified into three types, Henry-type isotherms, virial isotherms, and cooperative isotherms. The isotherms of the three types differ in terms of the compression factor and the adsorbed layer density. The goodness of this classification is supported by calculations based on the density functional theory. This classification is used for hydrogen adsorption isotherms on a single-wall carbon nanohorn obtained at different temperatures.
Crystal structure of 2-(chloromethyl)-5-(phthalimidomethyl)thiophene. No evidence for intramolecular 1,4-S ? N attraction (1988)

The crystal structure of 2-(chloromethyl)-5-(phthalimidomethyl)thiophene (1), as an example of a 2,5-disubstituted thiophene, together with data from semi-empirical and ab initio calculations provide strong evidence against an intramolecular S ⋯ N attraction in 2-formylthiophene semicarbazone (2), as well as in other five-membered heterocycles.
The cross-talk between TGF-ß and periostin can be targeted for pulmonary fibrosis (2019)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating disease characterized as progressive and irreversible fibrosis in the interstitium of lung tissues. There is still an unmet need to develop a novel therapeutic drug for IPF. We have previously demonstrated that periostin, a matricellular protein, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. However, the underlying mechanism of how periostin causes pulmonary fibrosis remains unclear. In this study, we sought to learn whether the cross-talk between transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), a central mediator in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis, and periostin in lung fibroblasts leads to generation of pulmonary fibrosis and whether taking advantage of the cross-talk between TGF-β and periostin, inhibitors for integrin αVβ3, a periostin receptor, can block pulmonary fibrosis in model mice. We found that cross-talk exists between TGF-β and periostin signals via αVβ3/β5 converging into Smad3. This cross-talk is necessary for the expression of several TGF-β downstream effector molecules, including serpin family E member 1, CCN family member 2/connective tissue growth factor, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3, and IL-11, all of which have already been shown to be important for pulmonary fibrosis. Moreover, we identified several potent integrin low-molecular-weight inhibitors capable of blocking cross-talk with TGF-β signaling. One of the compounds, CP4715, attenuated in vivo bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. These results suggest that the cross-talk between TGF-β and periostin can be targeted for pulmonary fibrosis and that CP4715 can be a potential therapeutic agent to block this cross-talk.