gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nanostructured sapphire optical fiber embedded with Au nanorods for high-temperature plasmonics in harsh environments (2019)

Sensors for harsh environments must exhibit robust sensing response and considerable thermal and chemical stability. We report the exploration of a novel all-alumina nanostructured sapphire optical fiber (NSOF) embedded with Au nanorods (Au NRs) for plasmonics-based sensing at high temperatures. Temperature dependence of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of Au NRs was studied in conjunction with numerical calculations using the Drude model. It was found that LSPR of Au NRs changes markedly with temperature, red shifting and increasing in transmission amplitude as the temperature increases. Furthermore, this variation is highly localized through tunneling by overlapping the near-field of thin cladding and sapphire optical fiber. The NSOF embedded with Au NRs has the potential for sensing in advanced energy generation systems.
Fano resonances in spectroscopy of individual hybridized plasmonic nanocavities (2009)

The authors have presented experimental evidence for Fano-type resonances in single plasmonic nanoresonators. As both the spectral position and the width of these Fano line shapes depend very sensitively on the dielectric gap between the individual resonators sustaining the dark and bright modes, respectively, a high sensitivity for the sensing of molecular species within the gap region can be anticipated. This constitutes a promising application potential of such resonator structures.
CD8+ T Cells Specific for Tumor Antigens Can Be Rendered Dysfunctional by the Tumor Microenvironment through Upregulation of the Inhibitory Receptors BTLA and PD-1 (2011)

Cytotoxic T cells that are present in tumors and capable of recognizing tumor epitopes are nevertheless generally impotent in eliciting tumor rejection. Thus, identifying the immune escape mechanisms responsible for inducing tumor-specific CD8(+) T-cell dysfunction may reveal effective strategies for immune therapy. The inhibitory receptors PD-1 and Tim-3 are known to negatively regulate CD8(+) T-cell responses directed against the well-characterized tumor antigen NY-ESO-1. Here, we report that the upregulation of the inhibitory molecule BTLA also plays a critical role in restricting NY-ESO-1-specific CD8(+) T-cell expansion and function in melanoma. BTLA-expressing PD-1(+)Tim-3(-) CD8(+) T cells represented the largest subset of NY-ESO-1-specific CD8(+) T cells in patients with melanoma. These cells were partially dysfunctional, producing less IFN-γ than BTLA(-) T cells but more IFN-γ, TNF, and interleukin-2 than the highly dysfunctional subset expressing all three receptors. Expression of BTLA did not increase with higher T-cell dysfunction or upon cognate antigen stimulation, as it does with PD-1, suggesting that BTLA upregulation occurs independently of functional exhaustion driven by high antigen load. Added with PD-1 and Tim-3 blockades, BTLA blockade enhanced the expansion, proliferation, and cytokine production of NY-ESO-1-specific CD8(+) T cells. Collectively, our findings indicate that targeting BTLA along with the PD-1 and Tim-3 pathways is critical to reverse an important mechanism of immune escape in patients with advanced melanoma.
Spray-deposited CuInSe2 nanocrystal photovoltaics (2010)

Photovoltaic devices (PVs) were fabricated by spray-coating an ink of copper indium diselenide (CIS) nanocrystals as the light-absorbing layer. Without high-temperature post-deposition annealing, PVs were made on glass and plastic substrates with power conversion efficiencies of up to 1.9% and 1.1%, respectively, under AM1.5 illumination. The mild processing conditions also enabled fabrication of alternative device structures that are not compatible with conventional high-temperature PV processing, including substrate and superstrate designs, and devices with transparent back contacts of conducting indium tin oxide (ITO) and plastic substrates. Device performance is observed to be limited by poor charge extraction from the nanocrystal films, with the highest efficiencies being obtained from PVs with relatively thin absorber layers. To improve light absorption without sacrificing internal quantum efficiency, stacked PVs were fabricated, which exhibited improved short-circuit current and power conversion efficiency compared to stand-alone single junction devices.
Perspective: Prostate Cancer Susceptibility Genes (2002)

In many developed countries, prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in men. The extent to which the marked racial/ethnic difference in its incidence rate is attributable to screening methods, environmental, hormonal, and/or genetic factors remains unknown. A positive family history is among the strongest epidemiological risk factors for prostate cancer. It is now well recognized that association of candidate genetic markers to this multifactorial malignancy is more difficult than the identification of susceptibility genes for some common cancers such as breast, ovary, and colon cancer. Several reasons may explain such a difficulty: 1) prostate cancer is diagnosed at a late age, thus often making it impossible to obtain DNA samples from living affected men for more than one generation; 2) the presence within high-risk pedigrees of phenocopies, associated with the lack of distinguishing features between hereditary and sporadic forms; and 3) the genetic heterogeneity of this complex disease along with the accompanying difficulty of developing appropriate statistical transmission models taking into account simultaneously multiple susceptibility genes, frequently showing moderate or low penetrance. Despite the localization of seven susceptibility loci, there has been limited confirmatory evidence of linkage for currently known candidate genes. Nonetheless, the discovery of the first prostate cancer susceptibility gene characterized by positional cloning, ELAC2 was achieved taking advantage of the Utah Family Resource. Moreover, common missense mutations in the ELAC2 gene were found to be significantly associated with an increased risk of diagnosis of prostate cancer in some studies. More recently, recombination map-ping and candidate gene analysis were used to map several genes, including the 2'-5'-oligoadenylate-dependent ribonuclease L (RNASEL) gene, to the critical region of HPC1. Two deleterious mutations in RNASEL segregate independently with the disease in two of the eight HPC1-linked families. Additional studies using larger cohorts are needed to fully evaluate the role of these two susceptibility genes in prostate cancer risk. Although a number of rare highly penetrant loci contribute to the Mendelian inheritance of prostate cancer, some of the familial risks may be due to shared environment and more specifically to common low-penetrance genetic variants. In this regard, it is not surprising that analyses of genes encoding key proteins involved in androgen biosynthesis and action, led to the observation of a significant association between a susceptibility to prostate cancer and common genetic variants, such as those found in 5alpha-reductase type 2 and AR genes.
Individualizing the selection of long-acting bronchodilator therapy for patients with COPD: considerations in primary care (2017)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common condition encountered in primary care settings. COPD remains the third leading cause of death in the United States and carries a significant burden to both patients and the healthcare system. COPD is a chronic, progressive, irreversible lung disease associated with high morbidity and mortality. Proper assessment and diagnosis requires spirometry which is currently underutilized in primary care. Management is focused on adequate symptom control, improving quality of breathing and quality of life, and preventing exacerbations and hospitalizations. However, many patients are not receiving long-acting bronchodilator maintenance therapy as recommended in current clinical guidelines. Even when patients receive appropriate therapy, real-world issues such as a patient's health literacy, physical and cognitive limitations, and therapy nonadherence limit the effectiveness of prescribed inhaled medications. Primary care providers are well situated to ensure that prescribed therapies and long-term management goals are matched to the individual needs of patients with COPD.
Readout Firmware of the Vertex Locator for LHCb Run 3 and Beyond (2021)

The new LHCb Vertex Locator (VELO) for LHCb, comprising a new pixel detector and readout electronics, will be installed in 2021 for data taking in Run 3 at the LHC. The electronics centers around the “VeloPix” ASIC at the front-end operating in a trigger-less readout at 40MHz. A custom serializer, called gigabit wireline transmitter (GWT), and associated custom protocol have been designed for the VeloPix. The GWT data are sent from the serializers of the VeloPix at a line rate of 5.12 Gb/s, reaching a total data rate of 2–3 Tb/s for the full VELO detector. Data are sent over 300-m optic-fiber links to the control and readout electronics cards for deserialization and processing in Intel Arria 10 FPGAs. Because of the VeloPix trigger-less design, latency variances up to 12 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> can occur between adjacent datagrams. It is therefore essential to buffer and synchronize the data in firmware prior to onward propagation or suffer a huge CPU-processing penalty. This article will describe the architecture of the readout firmware in detail with focus given to the resynchronization mechanism and techniques for cauterization. Issues found during readout commissioning, and scaling resource utilization, along with the their solutions, will be illustrated. The latest results of the firmware data-processing chain can be presented as well as the verification procedures employed in simulation. Challenges for the next generation of the detector will also be presented with ideas for a readout processing solution.
Highly Linear Phase-Canceling Self-Injection-Locked Ultrasonic Radar for Non-Contact Monitoring of Respiration and Heartbeat (2019)

A novel phase-canceling demodulation scheme to improve the linearity of a self-injection-locked (SIL) ultrasonic radar is proposed with the goal of solving the null detection problem and accurately sensing large displacements of a moving target. A proportional-integral (PI) controller regulates the phase of the injection signal and cancels the Doppler phase shift by tuning a delay in the received echo signal, and this tunable delay serves as the radar output, which is linearly proportional to the displacement of the target. Without assuming weak injection, the frequency and phase equations for an SIL oscillator are derived, supporting the construction of a plant model and the design of a PI controller. Also, a new ultrasonic radar equation is presented for estimating the radar detection range. The SIL radar with phase regulation is operated in its anti-phase injection mode for better performance. The proposed design is implemented on an FPGA to make a 40 kHz continuous-wave ultrasonic radar. The maximum detectable peak-to-peak motion is up to 120 mm (approximately 14 wavelengths of displacement), with a total harmonic distortion as low as 2.3% for the detection of 1 Hz harmonic motion. The radar is used to detect the human chest movement for non-contact monitoring of the respiratory rate and heart rate. Due to the high linearity and sensitivity, the radar is capable of faithfully detecting the relatively large involuntary body movements and lung movements while still preserving the weak heartbeat rhythm buried in them, with the average error of measured heart rates less than 1 BPM.
Towards Scalable Exploration of Diagnoses in an Ontology Stream (2014)

Diagnosis, or the process of identifying the nature and cause of an anomaly in an ontology, has been largely studied by the Semantic Web community. In the context of ontology stream, diagnosis results are not captured by a unique fixed ontology but numerous time-evolving ontologies. Thus any anomaly can be diagnosed by a large number of different explana- tions depending on the version and evolution of the ontology. We address the problems of identifying, representing, exploiting and exploring the evolution of diagnoses representations. Our approach consists in a graph-based representation, which aims at (i) efficiently organizing and linking time-evolving di- agnoses and (ii) being used for scalable exploration. The ex- periments have shown scalable diagnoses exploration in the context of real and live data from Dublin City.
Human RNASET2 derivatives as potential anti-angiogenic agents: actin binding sequence identification and characterization (2014)

Human RNASET2 (hRNASET2) has been demonstrated to exert antiangiogenic and antitumorigenic effects independent of its ribonuclease capacity. We suggested that RNASET2 exerts its antiangiogenic and antitumorigenic activities via binding to actin and consequently inhibits cell motility. We focused herein on the identification of the actin binding site of hRNASET2 using defined sequences encountered within the whole hRNASET2 protein. For that purpose we designed 29 different hRNASET2-derived peptides. The 29 peptides were examined for their ability to bind immobilized actin. Two selected peptides-A103-Q159 consisting of 57 amino acids and peptide K108-K133 consisting of 26 amino acids were demonstrated to have the highest actin binding ability and concomitantly the most potent anti-angiogenic activity. Further analyses on the putative mechanisms associated with angiogenesis inhibition exerted by peptide K108-K133 involved its location during treatment within the HUVE cells. Peptide K108-K133 readily penetrates the cell membrane within 10 min of incubation. In addition, supplementation with angiogenin delays the entrance of peptide K108-K133 to the cell suggesting competition on the same cell internalization route. The peptide was demonstrated to co-localize with angiogenin, suggesting that both molecules bind analogous cellular epitopes, similar to our previously reported data for ACTIBIND and trT2-50.
DNA Based Electrolyte/Separator for Lithium Battery Application (Postprint) (2015)

Abstract : In this study, we demonstrated the use of DNA-CTMA (DC) in combination with PolyVinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) as a host matrix or separator for Lithium based electrolyte to form solid polymer/gel like electrolyte for potential application in Li-ion batteries. The addition of DC provided a better thermal stability of the composite electrolyte as shown by the thermos-gravimetric analysis (TGA). The AC conductivity measurements suggest that the addition of DC to the gel electrolyte had no effect on the overall ionic conductivity of the composite. The obtained films are flexible with high mechanical stretch-ability as compared to the gel type electrolytes only.
Estimation of the refractive index of plastic pigments by Wiener bounds (2000)

Optical properties of spherical and nonabsorbing styrene- acryl copolymer pigment spheres with concentric spherical shells were studied by wavelength-dependent reflectance from the slurry. The data were analyzed using a light-scattering model and Wiener bounds. The object was to obtain estimates for the refractive index of a particle shell as a function of wavelength. Â© 2000 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.
William Penny Brookes (1809–1895): forgotten Olympic Lord of the Rings: Figure 1 (2005)

The contribution of Dr William Penny Brookes (1809-1895) to the Olympic Games is scarcely reported in the medical literature. Presented here is a brief report of his life and work. Furthermore, the need to promote public health and fitness through the Olympics is re-emphasised.
Synthesis of Cyclic α-Aminophosphonates through Copper-Catalyzed Enamine Activation (2013)

A copper-catalyzed tandem cyclization triggered addition strategy that relies on electrophilic enamine activation has been used to synthesize various cyclic α-aminophosphonates derivatives in good to excellent yields. Both five and six membered rings can be generated under mild conditions with high regioselectivity. A mechanism based on copper catalyzed enamine activation is proposed.
Control of Dual-Stage HDDs With Enhanced Repetitive Disturbance Rejection (2017)

Nowadays, despite the emerging adoption of the solid state drives, hard disk drives (HDDs) are still used extensively as cost-effective and reliable solutions for data storage. In addition to its usual application in desktops and laptops, HDDs become the primary storage medium for the data centers. The track following control task in HDD requires that the read/write head be positioned over the data track center at nano-scale accuracy, which requires an error tolerance about 7nm. Therefore, the dual-stage HDD is introduced to enhance the HDD control performance for extended bandwidth and improved disturbance rejection.
ChemInform Abstract: Solid‐State Photoisomerization of Perchloro‐p‐xylene to Perchloro‐1‐ methyl‐1,3,6‐cycloheptatriene: A Serendipitous Synthesis of Perchloroheptafulvene. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Single‐shot magnetic field mapping embedded in echo‐planar time‐course imaging (2003)

A technique for acquiring magnetic field maps simultaneously with gradient-recalled echo-planar time-course data is described. This technique uses a trajectory in which the central part of k-space is collected twice. For a 64 x 64 image acquired with a 125-kHz bandwidth, a field map suitable for geometric correction can be collected simultaneously with the echo-planar time-course data in <70 ms. The field maps generated by this technique are registered with the magnitude images because they are calculated using the same data. They do not suffer from errors due to subject motion, or from different geometric distortions that can result from using different pulse sequences. In addition to correcting geometric distortions that resulted from dynamic magnetic field perturbations, this method was used to measure field shifts arising from respiration and jaw motion across five subjects. Values ranged from 0.035 to 0.165 parts per million (ppm).
No Experimental Evidence of Co-Feeding Transmission of African Swine Fever Virus between Ornithodoros Soft Ticks (2020)

<i>Ornithodoros</i> soft ticks are the only known vector and reservoir of the African swine fever virus, a major lethal infectious disease of <i>Suidae</i>. The co-feeding event for virus transmission and maintenance among soft tick populations has been poorly documented. We infected <i>Ornithodoros</i><i>moubata</i>, a known tick vector in Africa, with an African swine fever virus strain originated in Africa, to test its ability to infect <i>O.</i><i>moubata</i> through co-feeding on domestic pigs. In our experimental conditions, tick-to-tick virus transmission through co-feeding failed, although pigs became infected through the infectious tick bite.
Novel Approaches to Visualization and Data Mining Reveals Diagnostic Information in the Low Amplitude Region of Serum Mass Spectra from Ovarian Cancer Patients (2004)

The ability to identify patterns of diagnostic signatures in proteomic data generated by high throughput mass spectrometry (MS) based serum analysis has recently generated much excitement and interest from the scientific community. These data sets can be very large, with high-resolution MS instrumentation producing 1-2 million data points per sample. Approaches to analyze mass spectral data using unsupervised and supervised data mining operations would greatly benefit from tools that effectively allow for data reduction without losing important diagnostic information. In the past, investigators have proposed approaches where data reduction is performed by a priori "peak picking" and alignment/warping/smoothing components using rule-based signal-to-noise measurements. Unfortunately, while this type of system has been employed for gene microarray analysis, it is unclear whether it will be effective in the analysis of mass spectral data, which unlike microarray data, is comprised of continuous measurement operations. Moreover, it is unclear where true signal begins and noise ends. Therefore, we have developed an approach to MS data analysis using new types of data visualization and mining operations in which data reduction is accomplished by culling via the intensity of the peaks themselves instead of by location. Applying this new analysis method on a large study set of high resolution mass spectra from healthy and ovarian cancer patients, shows that all of the diagnostic information is contained within the very lowest amplitude regions of the mass spectra. This region can then be selected and studied to identify the exact location and amplitude of the diagnostic biomarkers.
PASSIVE IMMUNOLOGICAL ENHANCEMENT OF SKIN ALLOGRAFTS IN RATS (1971)

SUMMARY Prolonged survival of skin allografts was obtained in rats treated with enhancing serum. The enhancing isoantiserum was produced by hyperimmunizing the same rat (local white) with grafts from different rats of a semi-inbred hooded Lister strain. When (white X hooded Lister)F1 rats were used instead of hooded Lister rats as skin donors, the viability was extended to a mean survival time (MST) of 17.27 days. The importance of reducing the specificities against which the enhancing antibodies are directed or of preparing an isoantiserum containing a pool of such antibodies, for obtaining an optimal enhancing activity, is discussed.
The Safety of Bridging Radiation with Anti-BCMA CAR T-Cell Therapy for Multiple Myeloma (2021)

Bridging-RT appeared safe and feasible with CART-BCMA therapy in our r/rMM patients, though larger future studies are needed to draw definitive conclusions.
Human Umbilical Tissue-Derived Cells Promote Synapse Formation and Neurite Outgrowth via Thrombospondin Family Proteins (2015)

Human umbilical tissue-derived cells (hUTC) are currently under clinical investigation for the treatment of geographic atrophy secondary to age-related macular degeneration. These cells show great promise for the treatment of neurological disorders; however, the therapeutic effects of these cells on CNS neurons are not fully understood. Here we provide compelling evidence that hUTCs secrete multiple factors that work synergistically to enhance synapse formation and function, and support neuronal growth and survival. Moreover, we identified thrombospondins (TSPs) as the hUTC-secreted factors that mediate the synaptogenic and growth-promoting functions of these cells. Our findings highlight novel paracrine effects of hUTC on CNS neuron health and connectivity and begin to unravel potential therapeutic mechanisms by which these cells elicit their effects.