gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Correlation of breast tissue histology and optical signatures to improve margin assessment techniques (2016)

Optical spectroscopy is sensitive to morphological composition and has potential applications in intraoperative margin assessment. Here, we evaluate ex vivo breast tissue and corresponding quantified hematoxylin & eosin images to correlate optical scattering signatures to tissue composition stratified by patient characteristics. Adipose sites (213) were characterized by their cell area and density. All other benign and malignant sites (181) were quantified using a grid method to determine composition. The relationships between mean reduced scattering coefficient (〈μs′〉), and % adipose, % collagen, % glands, adipocyte cell area, and adipocyte density were investigated. These relationships were further stratified by age, menopausal status, body mass index (BMI), and breast density. We identified a positive correlation between 〈μs′〉 and % collagen and a negative correlation between 〈μs′〉 and age and BMI. Increased collagen corresponded to increased 〈μs′〉 variability. In postmenopausal women, 〈μs′〉 was similar regardless of fibroglandular content. Contributions from collagen and glands to 〈μs′〉 were independent and equivalent in benign sites; glands showed a stronger positive correlation than collagen to 〈μs′〉 in malignant sites. Our data suggest that scattering could differentiate highly scattering malignant from benign tissues in postmenopausal women. The relationship between scattering and tissue composition will support improved scattering models and technologies to enhance intraoperative optical margin assessment.
Transient reprogramming of postnatal cardiomyocytes to a dedifferentiated state (2021)

In contrast to mammals, lower vertebrates are capable of extraordinary myocardial regeneration thanks to the ability of their cardiomyocytes to undergo transient dedifferentiation and proliferation. Somatic cells can be temporarily reprogrammed to a proliferative, dedifferentiated state through forced expression of Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc (OSKM). Here, we aimed to induce transient reprogramming of mammalian cardiomyocytes in vitro utilising an OSKM-encoding non-integrating vector. Reprogramming factor expression in postnatal rat and mouse cardiomyocytes triggered rapid but limited cell dedifferentiation. Concomitantly, a significant increase in cell viability, cell cycle related gene expression and Ki67 positive cells was observed consistent with an enhanced cell cycle activation. The transient nature of this partial reprogramming was confirmed as cardiomyocyte-specific cell morphology, gene expression and contractile activity were spontaneously recovered by day 15 after viral transduction. This study provides the first evidence that adenoviral OSKM delivery can induce partial reprogramming of postnatal cardiomyocytes. Therefore, adenoviral mediated transient reprogramming could be a novel and feasible strategy to recapitulate the regenerative mechanisms of lower vertebrates.
Electrically Conducting Amorphous Molecular Material: Iodine Doped m-MTDATA as a Hole Injection Buffer Layer in Organic Electroluminescent Devices (2006)

An electrically conducting amorphous molecular material was prepared by iodine doping of 4,4′,4″-tris[3-methylphenyl(phenyl)amino]triphenylamine (m-MTDATA). The use of iodine-doped m-MTDATA, which was identified as m-MTDATA radical cation species with counter anions, as a hole-injection buffer layer in tris(8-quinolinolato)aluminum (Alq3)-based organic electroluminescent devices led to the reduction of drive voltage and the enhancement of external quantum efficiency as compared with the corresponding device using undoped m-MTDATA. It is indicated that the use of iodine-doped m-MTDATA facilitates not only hole injection from the ITO electrode but also electron injection from the cathode into Alq3.
Effects of Pipe Internal Surface Roughness on Decompression Wave Speed in Natural Gas Mixtures (2010)

The control of propagating ductile (or tearing) fracture is a fundamental requirement in the fracture control design of pipelines. The Battelle two-curve method developed in the early 1970s still forms the basis of the analytical framework used throughout the industry. GASDECOM is typically used for calculating decompression speed, and idealizes the decompression process as isentropic and one-dimensional, taking no account of frictional effects. While this approximation appears not to have been a major issue for large-diameter pipes and for moderate pressures (up to 12 MPa), there have been several recent full-scale burst tests at higher pressures and smaller diameters for which the measured decompression velocity has deviated progressively from the predicted values, in general towards lower velocities. The present research was focused on determining whether pipe diameter was a major factor that could limit the applicability of frictionless models such as GASDECOM. Since potential diameter effects are primarily related to wall friction, which in turn is related to the ratio of surface roughness to diameter, an experimental approach was developed based on keeping the diameter constant, at a sufficiently small value to allow for an economical experimental arrangement, and varying the internal roughness. A series of tests covering a range of nominal initial pressures from 10 to 21 MPa, and involving a very lean gas and three progressively richer compositions, were conducted using two specialized high pressure shock tubes (42 m long, I.D. = 38.1 mm). The first is honed to an extremely smooth surface finish, in order to minimize frictional effects and better simulate the behaviour of larger-diameter pipelines, while the second has a higher internal surface roughness. The results show that decompression wave speeds in the rough tube are consistently slower than those in the smooth tube under the same conditions of mixture composition and initial pressure &amp; temperature. Preliminary analysis based on perturbation theory and the fundamental momentum equation indicates that the primary reason for the slower decompression wave speed in the rough tube is the higher spatial gradient of pressure pertaining to the decompression wave dynamics, particularly at lower pressure ratios and higher gas velocities. The magnitude of the effect of the slower decompression speed on arrest toughness was then evaluated by a comparison involving several hypothetical pipeline designs, and was found to be potentially significant for pipe sizes DN450 and smaller.
Modified electrochromism of tungsten oxide via platinum nanophases (2006)

We report electrochromic properties of WO3 modified by platinum nanophases. The WO3 incorporated by Pt metallic nanophases (Pt–WO3) showed exactly reverse electrochromic phenomenon compared with that of both pure WO3 and WO3 intercepted and coated by metallic Pt thin-film layer. In addition, to investigate the origin of modified electrochromic properties, electrodes consisting of WO3 and/or Pt layers were designed and observed in optical properties during electrochemical reaction. The change of electrochromic properties in the Pt–WO3 is caused by modified structural and electrochemical properties of the WO3 by Pt metallic nanophases dispersed in the oxide matrix.
ChemInform Abstract: Potent, Selective Benzenesulfonamide Agonists of the Human β3 Adrenergic Receptor. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparing Carbon Nanotubes and Nested Fullerenes from Supercritical CO2 by a Chemical Reaction. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Gigahertz Electron Spin Manipulation Using Voltage-Controlled g-Tensor Modulation (2003)

We present a scheme that enables gigahertz-bandwidth three-dimensional control of electron spins in a semiconductor heterostructure with the use of a single voltage signal. Microwave modulation of the Landé g tensor produces frequency-modulated electron spin precession. Driving at the Larmor frequency results in g-tensor modulation resonance, which is functionally equivalent to electron spin resonance but without the use of time-dependent magnetic fields. These results provide proof of the concept that quantum spin information can be locally manipulated with the use of high-speed electrical circuits.
n-point probability functions for a lattice model of heterogeneous media (1990)

The macroscopic properties of two-phase random heterogeneous media depend upon the infinite set of n-point probability functions ${\mathit{S}}_{1}$,...,${\mathit{S}}_{\mathit{n}}$. The quantity ${\mathit{S}}_{\mathit{n}}$(${\mathbf{x}}_{1}$,...,${\mathbf{x}}_{\mathit{n}}$) gives the probability of finding n points with positions ${\mathbf{x}}_{1}$,...,${\mathbf{x}}_{\mathit{n}}$ all in one of the phases. We derive a series representation of ${\mathit{S}}_{\mathit{n}}$ for a finite-sized D-dimensional lattice model of heterogeneous media. By performing certain averages over the ${\mathit{S}}_{\mathit{n}}$, we then obtain explicit expressions for translationally invariant and rotationally invariant n-point probabilities. Computer simulations are carried out for low-order n-point probability functions. The theoretical and simulation results are found to be in excellent agreement.
Sub-Nyquist Radar Systems: Temporal, Spectral, and Spatial Compression (2018)

Radar is an acronym for "radio detection and ranging." However, the functions of today's radar systems, both in civilian and military applications, go beyond simple target detection and localization; they extend to tracking, imaging, classification, and more and involve different types of radar systems, such as through-the-wall [1], ground-penetration [2], automotive [3], and weather [4]. Although radar technology has been well established for decades, a new line of compressed radars has recently emerged. These aim at reducing the complexity of classic radar systems by exploiting inherent prior information on the structure of the received signal from the targets. The goal of this article is to review these novel sub-Nyquist radars and their potential applications.
In vitro study of placental trophoblast calcium uptake using JEG-3 human choriocarcinoma cells (1991)

During human fetal development, placental syncytiotrophoblasts actively transport calcium from the maternal to the fetal circulation. Two functional components, a cytosolic Ca2(+)-binding protein (CaBP) and a Ca2(+)-ATPase have been identified in the syncytiotrophoblasts of the chorionic villi. We report here the calcium uptake properties of a human choriocarcinoma cell line, JEG-3, which was used as an in vitro model cell system for the syncytiotrophoblasts. In culture, JEG-3 proliferated as large syncytial aggregates expressing typical syncytiotrophoblast markers. 45Ca uptake by JEG-3 was a substrate- and temperature-dependent, membrane-mediated active process that exhibited linear kinetics for up to 7 min. Both the CaBP and the Ca2(+)-ATPase were expressed by JEG-3, on the basis of biochemical, histochemical, immunochemical and or mRNA assays. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization revealed that JEG-3 cells were heterogeneous with respect to the expression of the CaBP. The Ca2(+)-ATPase activity of JEG-3 was similar to the placental enzyme in terms of sensitivity to specific inhibitors, and was detected histochemically along the cell membrane. Fura-2 Ca2+ imaging revealed that calcium uptake by JEG-3 was not accompanied by a concomitant increase in cytosolic [Ca2+], suggesting a specific Ca2+ sequestration mechanism. The involvement of calciotropic hormonal regulation was evaluated by studying the response of JEG-3 to 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3. Calcium uptake was significantly stimulated in a dose-dependent manner by a 24-h treatment of the cells with 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 (optimal dose approximately 0.5 nM); the CaBP level doubled whereas steady-state CaBP mRNA did not, suggesting that CaBP expression was regulated by 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3. These observations strongly suggest that the JEG-3 human choriocarcinoma cells should serve as a convenient in vitro model system for studying the cellular mechanism and regulation of transplacental calcium transport.
Context-based video retrieval system for the life-log applications (2003)

Recently, we have often heard the terms "Wearable computing" and "Ubiquitous computing". Our expectation for the future of such new computing environments is growing. One of the characteristics of these computing environments is that they embed computers in our lives. In such environments, digitization of personal experiences will be made possible by continuous recordings using a wearable video camera[6, 7]. This could lead to the "automatic life-log application". However, it is evident that the resulting amount of video content will be enormous. Accordingly, to retrieve and browse desired scenes, a vast quantity of video data must be organized using structural information.In this paper, we attempt to develop a "context-based video retrieval system for life-log applications". This wearable system is capable of continuously capturing data not only from a wearable camera and a microphone, but also from various kinds of sensors such as a brain-wave analyzer, a GPS receiver, an acceleration sensor, and a gyro sensor to extract the user's contexts. In addition, the system provides functions that make efficient video browsing and retrieval possible by using data from these sensors and some databases. For example, we can use the following query using this system. "I talked with Kenji while walking at a shopping center in Shinjuku on a cloudy day in mid-May. The conversation was very interesting! I want to see the video of our outing to remember the contents of the conversation."
Evaluation of cellular immune responses in cancer vaccine recipients: lessons from NY-ESO-1 (2010)

The rigorous evaluation of cancer vaccination requires evidence of benefit to patients with cancer or those at risk of relapse from the disease. Clinical trials are expensive and require considerable human and clinical resources in order to demonstrate this benefit. In the era of defined cancer antigens, it is possible to evaluate immunogenic targets, and assess the quality and magnitude of immune responses against these antigens following vaccination. Analyzing these surrogate end points complements clinical assessment and provides a depth of understanding to better inform trial evaluation and design. We have used the immunogenic cancer testis antigen NY-ESO-1 as a model antigen. This article summarizes our experience in monitoring immunity against NY-ESO-1.
Supplementary Figure 8 from The Expression of Adenosine A2B Receptor on Antigen-Presenting Cells Suppresses CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell Responses and Promotes Tumor Growth (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 8&lt;/p&gt;
PD-1 and Tim-3 regulate the expansion of vaccine-induced tumor antigen-specific CD8+ T cells in patients with advanced melanoma (VAC3P.944) (2014)

Abstract Although melanoma vaccines stimulate tumor antigen (TA)-specific CD8+ T cells, objective clinical responses are rarely observed. To investigate this discrepancy, we have evaluated vaccine-induced CD8+ T cells for frequency, function and expression of the inhibitory receptors PD-1 and Tim-3 in patients with metastatic melanoma immunized with incomplete Freund’s adjuvant, CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide, and the HLA-A2-restricted analog peptide NY-ESO-1 157-165V either alone, or in combination with the pan-DR epitope NY-ESO-1 119-143. Both vaccines stimulated rapid TA-specific CD8+ T cell responses detected ex vivo, however, TA-specific CD8+ T cells produced more IFN-γ and exhibited higher lytic function upon immunization with MHC class I and class II epitopes. Notably, the vast majority of vaccine-induced CD8+ T cells upregulated PD-1 whereas a minority also upregulated Tim-3 and the levels of PD-1 and Tim-3 expression by vaccine-induced CD8+ T cells at the time of vaccine administration inversely correlated with their expansion in vivo. PD-1 and Tim-3 blockades further enhanced the expansion and cytokine production of vaccine-induced CD8+ T cells in vitro. Collectively, our findings support the use of PD-1 and Tim-3 blockades in addition to cancer vaccines to stimulate potent antitumor T cell responses and increase the likelihood of clinical responses in patients with advanced melanoma.
Identification of Targets of Twist1 Transcription Factor in Thyroid Cancer Cells (2014)

We identified a set of genes that mediates Twist1 biological effects in thyroid cancer cells.
Capacitive technologies for highly controlled and personalized electrical stimulation by implantable biomedical systems (2019)

Cosurface electrode architectures are able to deliver personalized electric stimuli to target tissues. As such, this technology holds potential for a variety of innovative biomedical devices. However, to date, no detailed analyses have been conducted to evaluate the impact of stimulator architecture and geometry on stimuli features. This work characterizes, for the first time, the electric stimuli delivered to bone cellular tissues during in vitro experiments, when using three capacitive architectures: stripped, interdigitated and circular patterns. Computational models are presented that predict the influence of cell confluence, cosurface architecture, electrodes geometry, gap size between electrodes and power excitation on the stimuli delivered to cellular layers. The results demonstrate that these stimulators are able to deliver osteoconductive stimuli. Significant differences in stimuli distributions were observed for different stimulator designs and different external excitations. The thickness specification was found to be of utmost importance. In vitro experiments using an osteoblastic cell line highlight that cosurface stimulation at a low frequency can enhance osteoconductive responses, with some electrode-specific differences being found. A major feature of this type of work is that it enables future detailed analyses of stimuli distribution throughout more complex biological structures, such as tissues and organs, towards sophisticated biodevice personalization.
Constitutive cyclooxygenase (COX-1) and inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2): Rationale for selective inhibition and progress to date (1996)

While a great deal has been discovered concerning the potential physiological and pathological role of prostanoids, much is left to be determined. The widespread distribution of both COX-1 and COX-2 coupled with the capacity of most vascular beds, smooth muscle, as well as leukocytes to respond to prostanoids make drawing generalities difficult. The problems with the majority of currently used NSAIDs are clear and ulcerogenic liability is of obvious concern. Interestingly enough, the mechanism of that damage is still the subject of controversy as illustrated by the recent review and hypothesis of Somasundaram et al. In this treatise, the suggestion is made that the initial gastric damage is the result of uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation which is independent but simultaneous with COX inhibition. At least two currently marketed NSAIDs have improved G.I. liability (nabumetone and etodolac) with efficacy equivalent to other more ulcerogenic NSAIDs. These drugs appear to have achieved that by a mechanism distinct from selective inhibition of COX-2. Whether or not selective COX-2 inhibitors will demonstrate an improved profile over these compounds remains to be shown. Unfortunately, clinical experience with nimsulide and CGP 28238 suggest that NSAID-like toxicity may still be an issue. The promise of selective COX-2 inhibitors remains largely untested. It is with great interest and expectation that the clinical evaluation of the more selective compounds of different structural types is awaited.
Fabrication and Optical Properties of ZnO Quantum Dots (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Abstract 5055: Targeting BRAFV600E/NRASQ61K-melanoma brain metastases by pharmacological intervention modulating ER/redox stress and EMT (2023)

Abstract Intracranial melanoma metastases originating from peripheral malignancy remain a frequent clinical condition with unsatisfactory pharmacological options. After screening a focused library of clinical artemisinin-combination therapeutic (ACT) antimalarials with established brain availability, we report here that an oral antimalarial regimen {(R,S)/(S,R)-[2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl]-piperidin-2-ylmethanol; BQPM} blocks (i) melanoma cell invasiveness and EMT-related gene expression and (ii) tumor growth in a bioluminescent murine model of BRAFi-resistant intracranial melanoma. First, we examined apoptotic elimination of cultured malignant melanoma cell lines, also examining feasibility of overcoming BRAFi-resistance comparing isogenic melanoma cells that differ only by NRAS mutational status (BRAFi-sensitive A375-BRAFV600E/NRASQ61 versus BRAFi-resistant A375-BRAFV600E/NRASQ61K). Among ACT antimalarials tested, BQPM was the only apoptogenic agent causing melanoma cell death at low micromolar concentrations. Comparative gene expression-array analysis (A375-BRAFV600E/NRASQ61 versus A375-BRAFV600E/NRASQ61K) revealed that BQPM is a dual inducer of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and redox stress responses that precede BQPM-induced loss of viability. Moreover, we observed that BQPM treatment blocked EMT-related gene expression and phenotypic invasiveness in both BRAFi-sensitive and -resistant human cell lines, observable also in murine CNS-tropic Ret-melanoma cells. These data (combined with clinical evidence that documents brain availability of BQPM) suggest that blockade of brain metastasis and inhibition of intracranial tumor growth, even if BRAFi-resistant, can be achieved using BQPM as a repurposed ACT-antimalarial. Citation Format: Jana Jandova, Sophia L. Park, Jeremy A. Snell, Georg T. Wondrak. Targeting BRAFV600E/NRASQ61K-melanoma brain metastases by pharmacological intervention modulating ER/redox stress and EMT. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5055.