gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evidence for branching in cryptococcal capsular polysaccharides and consequences on its biological activity (2011)

The encapsulated fungus Cryptococcus neoformans is a common cause of life-threatening disease in immunocompromised individuals. Its major virulence determinant is the polysaccharide (PS) capsule. An unsolved problem in cryptococcal biology is whether the PSs composing the capsule are linear or complex branched polymers, as well as the implications of this structural composition in pathogenesis. In this study we approached the problem by combining static and dynamic light scattering, viscosity analysis, and high-resolution microscopy and correlated the findings with biological properties. Analysis of the dependence of capsular PS molecular mass and the radius of gyration provided strong evidence against a simple linear PS configuration. Shape factors calculated from light scattering measurements in solution revealed values consistent with polymer branching. Furthermore, viscosity measurements provided complementary evidence for structural branching. Electron microscopy showed PS spherical-like structures similar to other branched PS. Finally, we show that the capacity of capsular PS to interfere in complement-mediated phagocytosis, inhibit nitric oxide production by macrophage-like cells, protect against reactive oxygen species, antibody reactivity and half-life in serum were influenced by the degree of branching, providing evidence for the notion that PS branching is an important parameter in determining the biological activity of C. neoformans PS.
A Universal Primer Set for PCR Amplification of Nuclear Histone H4 Genes from All Animal Species (2004)

To control the quality of genomic DNA of samples from a wide variety of animals, a heminested PCR assay specifically targeting a nuclear gene has been developed. The histone H4 gene family comprises a small number of genes considered among the most conserved genes in living organisms. Tissue samples from necropsies and from cells belonging to 43 different species were studied, eight samples from invertebrates and 35 samples from vertebrates covering all classes. Ancient DNA samples from three Siberian woolly mammoths (Mammuthus primigenius) dating between 40,000 and 49,000 years before present were also tested for PCR amplification. Performance of HIST2H4 amplification were also compared with those of previously published universal PCRs (28S rRNA, 18S rRNA, and cytochrome b). Overall, 95% of species studied yielded an amplification product, including some old samples from gorilla and chimpanzees. The data indicate that the HIST2H4 amplimers are, thus, suitable for both DNA quality testing as well as species identification in the animal kingdom.
Anneal-Less Domain Wall Displacement Detection of 27 Gbit/in2 Land/Groove Recording Using a Deep Groove Substrate and a Blue Laser (2005)

We have studied an anneal-less domain wall displacement detection (DWDD) disk of a land/groove recording on a deep groove substrate using a numerical aperture (NA) 0.65 objective lens and a blue laser diode (LD). The substrates were prepared using a stamper formed by reactive ion etching (RIE) and O 2 plasma treatment to realize both steep side-wall angles and smooth surfaces on the substrates. In designing the groove shape, we have clarified three key factors: the groove edge shape, the groove depth and the land width. These factors affected the magnetic film discontinuity at the groove edge and the recording power margin on the land. We have achieved a recording density of 27 Gbit/in 2 by optimizing the groove shape.
Novel high-gain/broadband glasses for Raman gain applications (2004)

Different glass families have been evaluated for their Raman gain performance. Raman cross-section calculations and Raman gain coefficient estimations are reported. The estimated and experimentally measured Raman gain coefficients for bulk samples show excellent agreement.
Injecting Text in Self-Supervised Speech Pretraining (2021)

Self-supervised pretraining for Automated Speech Recognition (ASR) has shown varied degrees of success. In this paper, we propose to jointly learn representations during pretraining from two different modalities: speech and text. The proposed method, tts4pretrain complements the power of contrastive learning in self-supervision with linguistic/lexical representations derived from synthesized speech, effectively learning from untranscribed speech and unspoken text. Lexical learning in the speech encoder is enforced through an additional sequence loss term that is coupled with contrastive loss during pretraining. We demonstrate that this novel pretraining method yields Word Error Rate (WER) reductions of 10% relative on the well-benchmarked, Librispeech task over a state-of-the-art baseline pretrained with wav2vec2.0 only. The proposed method also serves as an effective strategy to compensate for the lack of transcribed speech, effectively matching the performance of 5000 hours of transcribed speech with just 100 hours of transcribed speech on the AMI meeting transcription task. Finally, we demonstrate WER reductions of up to 15% on an inhouse Voice Search task over traditional pretraining. Incorporating text into encoder pretraining is complimentary to rescoring with a larger or in-domain language model, resulting in additional 6% relative reduction in WER.
A Possible Ground State and Its Electronic Structure of a Mother Material (LaOFeAs) of New Superconductors (2008)

The electronic and magnetic properties of the mother material LaOFeAs of new superconductors have been carefully studied using first-principles electronic structure calculations based on the generalized gradient approximation in the density functional theory. The present calculation predicts that the ground state of LaOFeAs is antiferromagnetic with a stripe type magnetic moment alignment leading to orthorhombic symmetry of the crystal. In this particular magnetic state, the density of states at the Fermi level is very small. On the other hand, LaOFeP has turned out to be paramagnetic and a good metal. Implications of the results regarding the experimental observations will also be presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Characterization of Light‐Harvesting Pigments of Chloroflexus aurantiacus. Two New Chlorophylls: Oleyl (Octadec‐9‐enyl) and Cetyl ( Hexadecanyl) Bacteriochlorophyllides‐c. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Modulation of the antitumor and biochemical properties of bis(diphenylphosphine)ethane with metals. (1986)

Bis(diphenylphosphine)ethane (DPPE) and its bis[chlorogold(I)] [DPPE(Au2Cl2)], and bis[trichlorogold(III)] [DPPE(Au2Cl6)], complexes have in vivo antitumor activity. To determine if interaction with metals in situ can play a role in the antitumor activity of DPPE, we have studied the effects of DPPE, DPPE(Au2Cl2), DPPE(Au2Cl6) and mixtures of DPPE with metal salts on in vitro and in vivo biological systems. The in vitro cytotoxic potencies of the two DPPE-gold complexes were approximately 10-fold greater than that of DPPE. In addition, the cytotoxic potency of DPPE was increased when incubated with cells in the presence of Au(III) and Cu(II) salts, whereas Mg(II), Zn(II), Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), and Cd(II) had no effect. The effects of DPPE, DPPE(Au2Cl2) and mixtures of DPPE and metal salts on the activity of a model enzyme system, DNA polymerase alpha were measured. While DPPE did not inhibit the activity of DNA polymerase alpha, the DPPE(Au2Cl2) complex and mixtures of DPPE and Cu(II) salts inhibited the activity of the enzyme. Consistent with the effects observed in vitro, coadministration of Cu(II) or Au(III) increased the in vivo potency of DPPE in mice bearing i.p. P388 leukemia. Fifteen other DPPE analogues were evaluated for in vivo antitumor activity and for the effect of Cu(II) on their in vitro cytotoxic potency; there was a relationship between the ability of Cu(II) to potentiate the cytotoxic activities of DPPE analogues and their having in vivo antitumor activity.
Bioaugmentation for chlorinated ethene detoxification: Bioaugmentation and molecular diagnostics in the bioremediation of chlorinated ethene-contaminated sites (2005)

During the last several years, the nascent field of environmental biotechnology has advanced through the addition of specialized contaminant- degrading microorganisms that facilitate bioremediation. This process is termed bioaugmentation. Coupled with bioaugmentation has been the emergence of targeted molecular diagnostics to better engineer and manage the bioremediation process by accounting for the biological components of the contaminant attenuation process. The newly evolving paradigm is that these processes and techniques expand the options available to regulatory decision making, and thus affect contaminated-site closures. This "diagnostics and therapeutics" approach to the inventory of contaminated sites has gained traction from some federal agencies, as evidenced by significant funding initiatives that include field implementation. This paper focuses specifically on the use of bioaugmentation and molecular diagnostics in the bioremediation of chlorinated ethene-contaminated sites. We also describe a "transect" through a university-industrial process that highlights the full scope of bioremediation activities from basic research to commercialization, to successful field implementation of specialized dechlorinating microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides) and the attending molecular diagnostics. A Dehalococcoides-containing consortium was developed, an efficient chlorinated ethene-detoxifying bacterium, Dehalococcoides sp. strain BAV1, was isolated, and an article of commerce was formed in the bioremediation products industry. The concomitant molecular diagnostics that identify the BAV1 organism taxonomically as well as by specific gene function (for a critical reductive dehalogenase) were also designed and commercialized. Within two years, the combined technologies have been successfully implemented at almost two dozen sites nationwide.
[Determination of the spatial orientation of screwed acetabular rings]. (1985)

The authors use a type of total hip prosthesis with a screwed acetabular component. They have established a method of radiological assessment of the anteversion of this component by studying the radiological appearances of the threads of the screws in the acetabular component which have either a sharp or smooth appearance, according to its orientation.
Phase Ib evaluation of a self-adjuvanted protamine formulated mRNA-based active cancer immunotherapy, BI1361849 (CV9202), combined with local radiation treatment in patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (2019)

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01915524 .
Measurement of the X(3872) production cross section via decays to J/ψπ + π − in pp collisions at $ \sqrt{s}=7 $ TeV (2013)

A bstract The production of the X(3872) is studied in pp collisions at $ \sqrt{s}=7 $ TeV, using decays to J /ψπ + π − , where the J /ψ decays to two muons. The data were recorded by the CMS experiment and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.8 fb −1 . The measurements are performed in a kinematic range in which the X(3872) candidates have a transverse momentum 10 &lt; p T &lt; 50 GeV and rapidity | y | &lt; 1 . 2. The ratio of the X(3872) and ψ (2S) cross sections times their branching fractions into J /ψπ + π − is measured as a function of p T . In addition, the fraction of X(3872) originating from B decays is determined. From these measurements the prompt X(3872) differential cross section times branching fraction as a function of p T is extracted. The π + π − mass spectrum of the J /ψπ + π − system in the X(3872) decays is also investigated.
Child computer interaction (2011)

Given the growth of Child Computer Interaction research, next generation HCI technologies play an important role in the future of education. Educators rely on technology to improve and adapt learning to the pedagogical needs of learners. Hence, this community needs to understand how current technology concepts match with current pedagogical paradigms. The classroom is a high stakes environment for experimentation, thus new interaction techniques need to be validated to prove their pedagogical value in the educational setting. This workshop provides a forum to discuss key HCI issues facing next generation education. With a particular focus on child computer interaction, these issues comprise inter alia the interaction with whole class interactive whiteboards, small group interactive multi-touch tables, and individual personal response systems (e.g. mobile devices) in the classroom.
Comparison of the Unstructured Clinician Estimate of Pretest Probability for Pulmonary Embolism to the Canadian Score and the Charlotte Rule: A Prospective Observational Study (2005)

The unstructured clinical estimate of low pretest probability for PE compares favorably with the Canadian score and the Charlotte rule. Interobserver agreement for the unstructured estimate is moderate.
Correction to: Genomic comparisons of Streptococcus suis serotype 9 strains recovered from diseased pigs in Spain and Canada (2019)

In the original publication of this article [1], the author name 'Pengchen Du' in author list should be 'Pengcheng Du'.
Spectral Discrimination of Chiral Macrocyclic Paramagnetic Metal Complexes by NMR Techniques≠ (1999)

Axially symmetric macrocyclic polyaza complexes of lanthanide(III) ions are present in aqueous solution as a racemic mixture of two enantiomers in slow exchange at room temperature. Chiral resolution of an anionic paramagnetic complex has been achieved by exploiting multisite electrostatic and hydrogen-bonding interactions with an optically active organic base, and revealed by NMR techniques as illustrated. The bonding of the optically active substrate to the complex has been elucidated.
Photoaffinity Labeling of the Lumenal K+ Site of the Gastric (H+ + K+)-ATPase (1989)

A photoaffinity label for the lumenal K+ site of the gastric (H+ + K+)-ATPase has been identified. Seven azido derivatives based upon the reversible K+ site inhibitor SCH 28080 were studied, one of which, m-ATIP (8-(3-azidophenylmethoxy)-1,2,3-trimethylimidazo[1,2-a] pyridinium iodide), was subsequently synthesized in radiolabeled form. In the absence of UV irradiation, m-ATIP inhibited K+ -stimulated ATPase activity in lyophilized gastric vesicles competitively with respect to K+, with a Ki value of 2.4 microM at pH 7.0. Irradiation of lyophilized gastric vesicles at pH 7.0 with [14C]m-ATIP in the presence of 0.2 mM ATP resulted in a time-dependent inactivation of ATPase activity that was associated with an incorporation of radioactivity into a 100-kDa polypeptide representing the catalytic subunit of the (H+ + K+)-ATPase. Both inactivation and incorporation were blocked in the presence of 10 mM KCl but not with 10 mM NaCl, consistent with interaction at the K+ site. The level of incorporation required to produce complete inhibition of ATPase activity was 1.9 +/- 0.2 times the number of catalytic phosphorylation sites in the same preparation. Tryptic digestion of gastric vesicle membranes, labeled with [14C]m-ATIP, failed to release the radioactivity from the membranes suggesting that the site of interaction was close to or within the membrane-spanning sections of this ion pump.
Verification of Performance and Operating Characteristics of High Pressure Gas Injection Centrifugal Compressor (2015)

The development process of a 70-MPa high pressure compressor for oil and gas applications is presented in this paper. Great attention was paid to any relevant technical challenges due to the high design pressures, such as the material selection, deformation casing structure, stability of the rotordynamics, and the aerodynamic performance. Among the technical considerations, some technical findings for the operational tests are proposed in this paper as well.
Computation migration (1993)

We describe computation migration, a new technique that is based on compile-time program transformations, for accesing remote data in a distributed-memory parallel system. In contrast with RPC-style access, where the access is performed remotely, and with data migration, where the data is moved so that it is local, computation migration moves part of the current thread to the processor where the data resides. The access is performed at the remote processor, and the migrated thread portion continues to run on that same processor; this makes subsequent accesses in the thread portion local.
A Prospective Study of Neurologic Disorders in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 in New York City (2020)

Neurologic disorders were detected in 13.5% of patients with COVID-19 and were associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality and decreased likelihood of discharge home. Many observed neurologic disorders may be sequelae of severe systemic illness.
Reconditioning-Free Polishing for Interlayer-Dielectric Planarization (1997)

In chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) using a colloidal silica slurry with a pH of 10–11 for interlayer-dielectric (ILD) planarization, the removal rate of the oxide film drops off rapidly because the pad surface becomes flat during a CMP process. Thus we must recondition the polishing pad surface in order to obtain the rough polishing pad surface. In result, we can maintain a constant removal rate of the oxide film during the life time of the pad. We clarified that the alteration of the polishing pad surface was caused by the KOH solution in a conventional slurry. We also found that our newly developed MnO 2 slurry could prevent the alteration of the polishing pad surface in reconditioning-free CMP.
Generalized linear-phase lapped orthogonal transforms (2002)

The general factorization of a linear-phase paraunitary filter bank (LPPUFB) is revisited and we introduce a class of lapped orthogonal transforms with extended overlap (GenLOT). In this formulation, the discrete cosine transform (DCT) is the order-1 GenLOT, the lapped orthogonal transform is the order-2 GenLOT, and so on, for any filter length which is an integer multiple of the block size. All GenLOTs are based on the DCT and have fast implementation algorithms. The degrees of freedom in the design of GenLOTs are described and design examples are presented along with some practical applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Supplementary Figure S15 from Tumor Cell–Autonomous SHP2 Contributes to Immune Suppression in Metastatic Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Growth factors and 3D culture environment induce PD-L1 in MBC cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Laser Induced Damage to Thallium Arsenic Selenide (TAS) (1990)

We present results of a study of the laser induced damage thresholds of Tl3AsSe3 at 10 μm using nanosecond and picosecond pulses. The damage threshold was found to be ≃10 J/cm2 with 130 ns (FWHM) and no damage was observed using 60 ps pulses.
Lanthanoid complexes of a tripodal acetal ligand: synthesis, structural characterisation and reactivity with 3d metals (1997)

A novel tripodal ligand (H 3 L 1 ) has been prepared by condensation of tris(2-aminoethyl)amine with 2,6-diformyl-4-methylphenol in MeOH. The compound has three equivalent side-arms, each containing four possible donor groups, an imine N atom, a phenol O atom and two O-donors from an acetal group. The crystal structure showed the arms to be arranged such that a non-crystallographic three-fold axis passes through the bridgehead N atom. Reaction of H 3 L 1 with lanthanoid perchlorate salts resulted in the isolation of two series of complexes. With early lanthanoids compounds of stoichiometry [Ln(H 3 L 1 )(H 2 O)][ClO 4 ] 3 were obtained and the compounds with Ln = La and Pr have been structurally characterised. The lanthanoid site in these complexes is ten co-ordinate, with a geometry which can be related to an icosahedron. For later lanthanoids, complexes of stoichiometry [Ln(H 3 L 1 )][ClO 4 ] 3 are found in which the lanthanoid site is nine-co-cordinate, with a tricapped trigonal-prismatic geometry. The complex with Ln = Y has been characterised by diffraction techniques. Mass spectroscopic studies indicated that the acetal functions within H 3 L 1 are stabilised by co-ordination to the lanthanoid metals. Reaction of the complex [La(H 3 L 1 )(H 2 O)][ClO 4 ] 3 with nickel(II) perchlorate led to a novel heterobimetallic complex in which both La and Ni are encapsulated within the tripodal ligand.
Single frequency Free Running low noise compact extended cavity semiconductor laser at high power level (2008)

International audience
Markers of genetic variation among the Waorani Indians of the Ecuadorian Amazon headwaters (1985)

Until recently, the Waorani Indians of Ecuador's Amazon headwaters maintained a fierce resistance to all intruders into their territory, and as a result of their actions and reputations a population of 600 people controlled a very large territory (about 8,000 square miles). The isolation of the Waorani has resulted in a large linguistic and genetic distance from their neighbors. Our survey of red cell enzymes, immunoglobulin allotypes, and dermatoglyphics demonstrates that the Waorani are a highly inbred and homogeneous population. Of 18 red cell enzymes studied, the Waorani have a limited polymorphism for only 6. Only two Gm haplotypes (Gm1,2,17,21, Gm1,17,21) were found and 60% of those tested were homozygous for the Gm1,17,21 haplotype. All individuals were A2m (1) and 95% of these were homozygous. The Waorani's dermatoglyphic traits fell within the wide range found among other South American Indians with close affinity to the Ecuadorian Jivaro group. Despite the limitations of these genetic systems, they demonstrate that the Waorani share limited genetic traits with the neighboring Jivaro Indians and are isolated from other tribal populations in South America.
Referring to Multiple Resources in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) (2008)

protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements.
ILLUMINATING MASSIVE BLACK HOLES WITH WHITE DWARFS: ORBITAL DYNAMICS AND HIGH-ENERGY TRANSIENTS FROM TIDAL INTERACTIONS (2014)

White dwarfs (WDs) can be tidally disrupted only by massive black holes (MBHs) with masses less than $\sim10^5 M_\odot$. These tidal interactions feed material to the MBH well above its Eddington limit, with the potential to launch a relativistic jet. The corresponding beamed emission is a promising signpost to an otherwise quiescent MBH of relatively low mass. We show that the mass transfer history, and thus the lightcurve, are quite different when the disruptive orbit is parabolic, eccentric, or circular. The mass lost each orbit exponentiates in the eccentric-orbit case leading to the destruction of the WD after several tens of orbits. We examine the stellar dynamics of clusters surrounding MBHs to show that single-passage WD disruptions are substantially more common than repeating encounters. The $10^{49}$ erg s$^{-1}$ peak luminosity of these events makes them visible to cosmological distances. They may be detectible at rates of as many as tens per year by instruments like Swift. In fact, WD-disruption transients significantly outshine their main-sequence star counterparts, and are the most likely tidal interaction to be detected arising from MBHs with masses less than $10^5 M_\odot$. The detection or non-detection of such WD-disruption transients by Swift is, therefore, a powerful tool to constrain lower end of the MBH mass function. The emerging class of ultra-long gamma ray bursts all have peak luminosities and durations reminiscent of WD disruptions, offering a hint that WD-disruption transients may already be present in existing datasets.