gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Controlling DC microgrids in communities, buildings and data centers (2020)

Microgrid technology is poised to transform the electricity industry. In the context of commercial/domestic buildings and data centers, where most loads are native direct current, DC microgrids are in fact a natural choice. Voltage stability and current/power‐sharing between sources within a DC microgrid have been studied extensively in recent years. DC voltage droop control is known to have its drawbacks in that current or power‐sharing is relatively poor. To eliminate this drawback, some have proposed to add a communication‐based consensus control in addition to the primary voltage droop control loop. The current sharing performance is improved, however, the voltage deviation inherent in droop control requires a further, slower control to achieve voltage quality control. To overcome this complication, and reduction in response time, a low latency communication‐based control technique that achieves proportional current sharing without significant voltage deviations is proposed in this work. The stability of the proposed control technique is compared to state‐of‐the‐art using eigenvalue and transient analyses. The negative impact of communication delays on proposed control is discussed in detail.
Session 6 overview: Ultra-high-speed wireline: Wireline subcommittee (2018)

High-speed serial I/Os continue to be pushed to higher bandwidth and density for every new generation of systems, which enable the scaling of data centers, fueled by a world that is becoming increasingly connected and digital. This session starts with the presentation of two low-power transmitters demonstrating a data rate of 112Gb/s using PAM-4 modulation, both implemented in advanced CMOS FinFet technologies. It continues with a presentation of a multi-standard 4-lane 1.25-to-28.05Gb/s transceiver designed in 14nm CMOS FinFET technology and supporting up to 40dB of channel loss at a power efficiency of 6pJ/b. Three papers describing PAM-4 transceivers are presented next, two implemented in 16nm CMOS FinFET technology targeting long reach links at 56Gb/s and 64Gb/s respectively, and one implemented in 28nm CMOS FDSOI targeting 64Gb/s short reach links. Finally, the session concludes with a paper describing a 4.16pJ/b 32Gb/s PAM-4 transceiver implemented in 65nm CMOS technology.
Teaching a humanoid robot: Headset-free speech interaction for audio-visual association learning (2009)

Based on inspirations from infant development we present a system which learns associations between acoustic labels and visual representations in interaction with its tutor. The system is integrated with a humanoid robot. Except for a few trigger phrases to start learning all acoustical representations are learned online and in interaction. Similar, for the visual domain the clusters are not predefined and fully learned online. In contrast to other interactive systems the interaction with the acoustic environment is solely based on the two microphones mounted on the robots head. In this paper we give an overview on all key elements of the system and focus on the challenges arising from the headset-free learning of speech labels. In particular we present a mechanism for auditory attention integrating bottom-up and top-down information for the segmentation of the acoustic stream. The performance of the system is evaluated based on offline tests of individual parts of the system and an analysis of the online behavior.
Long-term heat-storage materials based on λ-Ti3O5for green transformation (GX) (2023)

Effective reuse of waste heat energy is an important energy savings issue for green transformation. In general, phase-change heat storage materials cannot store energy for a prolonged period. If a solid material could conserve the accumulated thermal energy and release it only on demand, then its heat-storage application potential is considerably widened. From this angle, in 2015, we proposed the concept of a long-term heat-storage material, in which latent heat is preserved until the material is triggered by an external stimulus. This feature article describes long-term heat-storage ceramics composed of lambda-trititanium-pentoxide (λ-Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) from their discovery to heat-storage properties and future applications.
CMB-S4 Decadal Survey APC White Paper (2019)

We provide an overview of the science case, instrument configuration and project plan for the next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background experiment CMB-S4, for consideration by the 2020 Decadal Survey.
The Embryo MADS Domain Factor AGL15 Acts Postembryonically: Inhibition of Perianth Senescence and Abscission via Constitutive Expression (2000)

AGL15 (AGAMOUS-like 15), a member of the MADS domain family of regulatory factors, accumulates preferentially throughout the early stages of the plant life cycle. In this study, we investigated the expression pattern and possible roles of postembryonic accumulation of AGL15. Using a combination of reporter genes, RNA gel blot analysis, and immunochemistry, we found that the AGL15 protein accumulates transiently in the shoot apex in young Arabidopsis and Brassica seedlings and that promoter activity is associated with the shoot apex and the base of leaf petioles throughout the vegetative phase. During the reproductive phase, AGL15 accumulates transiently in floral buds. When AGL15 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of a strong constitutive promoter, we noted a striking increase in the longevity of the sepals and petals as well as delays in a selected set of age-dependent developmental processes, including the transition to flowering and fruit maturation. Although ethylene has been implicated in many of these same processes, the effects of AGL15 could be clearly distinguished from the effects of the ethylene resistant1-1 mutation, which confers dominant insensitivity to ethylene. By comparing the petal breakstrength (the force needed to remove petals) for flowers of different ages, we determined that ectopic AGL15 had a novel effect: the breakstrength of petals initially declined, as occurs in the wild type, but was then maintained at an intermediate value over a prolonged period. Abscission-associated gene expression and structural changes were also altered in the presence of ectopic AGL15.
Photoperiodium of the Rice Stem Borer, Chilo suppressalis WALKER(Lepidoptera:Pyralidae) Collected from Taiwan. (1992)

西螺,斗南,屏東で採集された台湾産ニカメイガ幼虫の光周反応を調査し,下記の結果を得た。1) 本実験に用いたいずれの個体群とも25°Cで10L-14Dあるいは8L-16Dのような短日条件で飼育することにより,5齢以後の幼虫期間が延長した。個体群によって延長期間に差異が認められた。2) しかし,8L-16Dのような短日条件で飼育しても,幼虫期間の延長しない個体から非常に延長する個体まで混在していた。3) 短日条件での幼虫期間の延長は老熟幼虫期間の延長に起因していたことから,この延長は休眠によるものと思われる。しかし,この休眠は低温を経なくても破れた。4) 西螺と屏東個体群の休眠誘起の臨界日長は9∼10時間であり,斗南個体群は11時間前後であった。5) 屏東個体群を20°Cで14L-10Dと10L-14D条件で飼育したところ,両日長で蛹化曲線はほとんど変わらなかった。しかし,10L-14D飼育条件で,蛹化がわずかに遅延する個体がみられた。6) 台湾で,従来非休眠地帯と推定されていた地域に棲息するニカメイガでも,冬期,一部休眠状態で越冬している可能性について考察した。
Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of High Power Sub-Millimeter Wave Emission at Two-Stream Instability of High-Current REB (2013)

Sub-mm radiation can be generated by conversion of plasma waves into electromagnetic (EM) radiation at strong Langmuir turbulence (LT) via the two-stream instability induced by a high current relativistic electron beam (REB). A plasmon scattering on plasma density fluctuations produces EM emission at the plasma frequency ωp (“ωp process”). Nonlinear plasmon-plasmon merging results in the generation of photons nearby the 2nd harmonic of the plasma frequency 2ωp (2ωp process”). For plasma densities 1020-1021 m-3, these frequencies are in the range of sub-mm waves: 180-566 GHz. The power density of sub-mm-wave emission from plasmas in the multi-mirror trap GOL-3 (BINP) during injection of a 10-μs-REB at plasma densities ne ≈ (1-5)·1020 m-3, electron temperatures Te ≈ 1-3 keV and magnetic field B ≈ 4 T was measured to be up to 1 kW/cm3 in the frequency band above 100 GHz.To calculate the second harmonic emission power from turbulent magnetized plasma we use the model of coalescence of two upper-hybrid waves. Results of these calculations and measured power are in good coincidence in the investigated area of plasma density.
Effect of serum on intracellular uptake, processing and transfection efficiency of lipoplexes (2012)

Background and Aims: Purpose We investigated whether and to what extent serum influences the mechanism of lipoplex uptake by cells and the subsequent efficiency of transfection. Methods: Lipofectamine and FuGENE lipoplexes were prepared in presence or absence of serum and incubated with HeLa cells treated with inhibitors blocking different endocytic pathways. Intracellular uptake of YOYO -1 labeled complexes was assayed by flow cytometry. Transfection efficiency was assessed by a bioluminescence assay. Results and Conclusion: Upon preparation in presence of serum, transfection efficiency of both Lipofectamine and FuGENE complexes was strongly inhibited. Moreover, a major fraction of these complexes co-localised with a marker of the lysosomal compartment. Independent on the carrier used, these complexes were internalized via clathrin -mediated endocytosis and a mechanism involving flotillin-1. By contrast, complexes prepared in absence of serum transfected cells efficiently. The internalization of Lipofectamine complexes prepared in absence of serum was substantially inhibited by blocking either the caveolae -mediated pathway with filipin or clathrin -mediated endocytosis with chlorpromazine. The uptake of FuGENE complexes prepared in absence of serum was diminished only by filipin but significantly increased when the cells were treated with chlorpromazine. Transfection mediated by either of the complexes was strongly diminished by inhibiting the caveolae pathway.
Evaluation and interpretation of bubble size distributions in pulsed megasonic fields (2013)

The occurrence of acoustic cavitation is incorporating a multitude of interdependent effects that strongly depend on the bubble size. Therefore, bubble size control would be beneficial for biological and industrial processes that rely on acoustic cavitation. A pulsed acoustic field can result in bubble size control and the repeated dissolution and reactivation (“recycling”) of potentially active bubbles. As a consequence, a pulsed field can strongly enhance cavitation activity. In this paper, we present a modified methodology for the evaluation of the active bubble size distribution by means of a combination of cavitation noise measurements and ultrasonic pulsing. The key component of this modified methodology is the definition of an upper size limit, below which bubbles—in between subsequent pulses—have to dissolve, in order to be sustainably recycled. This upper limit makes it possible to explain and link the enhancement of cavitation activity to a bubble size distribution. The experimentally determined bubble size distributions for different power densities are interpreted in the frame of numerical calculations of the oscillatory responses of the bubbles to the intermittent driving sound field. The distributions are found to be shaped by the size dependent interplay between bubble pulsations, rectified diffusion, coalescence, and the development of parametrically amplified shape instabilities. Also, a phenomenological reactivation-deactivation model is proposed to explain and quantify the observed enhancement of cavitation activity under pulsed, with respect to continuous sonication. In this model, the pulse-duration determines the magnitude of the reactivation of partially dissolved bubbles and the deactivation of activated bubbles by coalescence. It is shown that the subsequent recycling of previously active bubbles leads to an accumulation of cavitation activity, which saturates after a certain number of pulses. The model is fitted to the experimental data for the cavitation activity measured by means of ultraharmonic cavitation noise as a function of the pulse duration. Measurements of the development of the cavitation noise and sonochemiluminescence over a sequence of pulses for different pulse durations and separations confirm the general validity of the proposed model. Size distributions of the larger, inactive bubbles that were extracted from High-speed images of the cavitation field, relate the deactivation of activated bubbles by coalescence to the increase in volume concentrations of larger bubbles as observed by others.
Cyclosporin A Promotes in vivo Myogenic Response in Collagen VI-Deficient Myopathic Mice (2014)

Mutations of genes encoding for collagen VI cause various muscle diseases in humans, including Bethlem myopathy and Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy. Collagen VI null (Col6a1 (-/-)) mice are affected by a myopathic phenotype with mitochondrial dysfunction, spontaneous apoptosis of muscle fibers, and defective autophagy. Moreover, Col6a1 (-/-) mice display impaired muscle regeneration and defective self-renewal of satellite cells after injury. Treatment with cyclosporin A (CsA) is effective in normalizing the mitochondrial, apoptotic, and autophagic defects of myofibers in Col6a1 (-/-) mice. A pilot clinical trial with CsA in Ullrich patients suggested that CsA may increase the number of regenerating myofibers. Here, we report the effects of CsA administration at 5 mg/kg body weight every 12 h in Col6a1 (-/-) mice on muscle regeneration under physiological conditions and after cardiotoxin (CdTx)-induced muscle injury. Our findings indicate that CsA influences satellite cell activity and triggers the formation of regenerating fibers in Col6a1 (-/-) mice. Data obtained on injured muscles show that under appropriate administration, regimens CsA is able to stimulate myogenesis in Col6a1 (-/-) mice by significantly increasing the number of myogenin (MyoG)-positive cells and of regenerating myofibers at the early stages of muscle regeneration. CsA is also able to ameliorate muscle regeneration of Col6a1 (-/-) mice subjected to multiple CdTx injuries, with a concurrent maintenance of the satellite cell pool. Our data show that CsA is beneficial for muscle regeneration in Col6a1 (-/-) mice.
Selectively Doped High-Power AlGaN/InGaN/GaN MOS-DHFET (2007)

We describe a novel AlGaN/InGaN/GaN metal-oxide-semiconductor double heterostructure field-effect transistor with peak drain current of 1.67 A/mm and 2-GHz RF power of 15 W/mm at a drain bias as low as 35 V. These high values of peak currents and high RF powers at relatively low drain bias resulted from an additional selective area doping of the access regions during the device fabrication. The RF-output power of 12.5 W/mm (at a drain bias of V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">D</sub> =30 V) was stable within a 0.5-dB variations during a 100-h continuous-wave stress test
Automatic neighbor relations (ANR) in 3GPP NR (2018)

Automatic Neighbor Relations (ANR) was one key self-organizing network (SON) feature introduced in 3GPP LTE. ANR in LTE automatically generates relations between radio network entities that is needed for many features such as active-mode mobility, load balancing and dual connectivity. Given the benefits of ANR in LTE, ANR for 3GPP NR is also going to be a key SON feature. In this paper, we capture the current agreements for 3GPP NR concerning initial access and mobility in general, as well as specifically ANR for NR. The paper also discusses aspects of ANR that still are open. Thereby, the purpose of the paper is to define the NR ANR scope and the remaining challenges.
Application of Ion-Beam-Sputtered Al Films to Ultrathin Surface Acoustic Wave Devices (1993)

Ion-beam sputtering technique has been applied to Al film deposition for electrodes in high-frequency surface acoustic wave devices. Al films having low resistivity and a smooth surface have been obtained, even in the ultrathin thickness range. It was shown that the ion-beam sputtering technique provided excellent thickness uniformity and controllability. This method was also applied to the deposition of highly preferred [111]-textured Al films.
Characterization Test Procedures for Intersection Collision Avoidance Systems Based on Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications (2015)

Characterization test procedures have been developed to quantify the performance of intersection collision avoidance (ICA) systems based on vehicle-to-vehicle communications. These systems warn the driver of an imminent crossing-path collision at a road junction, and apply automatic braking if the driver does not respond in a timely manner to prevent the collision. This report describes test procedures for most common crossing-path pre-crash scenarios that involve light vehicles (passenger cars, vans, minivans, SUVs, or light pickup trucks with gross vehicle weight ratings less than 10,000 pounds). The test procedures include crash-imminent test scenarios to collect information on the ranges and time-to-collisions of crossing-path collision alerts and automatic braking onsets in prototype systems. In addition, the test procedures incorporate dynamic scenarios where countermeasure action is not needed so as to assess the capability of ICA systems to distinguish between crash-imminent and benign driving scenarios.
Iterative Joint Detection, ICI Cancelation and Estimation of Multiple CFOs and Channels for DVB-T2 in MISO Transmission Mode (2014)

When DVB-T2 uses the option of (distributed) multiple-input single-output transmission mode, a pair of Alamouti-encoded orthogonal frequency division multiplex signals is transmitted simultaneously from two spatially separated transmitters in a single frequency network. Since both transmitters have their own local oscillators, two distinct carrier frequency offsets (CFOs), one for each transmitter-receiver link, occur in the received signal due to the frequency mismatch between the local oscillators. Unfortunately, the multiple CFOs cannot be compensated simultaneously by merely adjusting the carrier frequency at the receiver side, so intercarrier interference (ICI) always exists. In this paper, we present an iterative receiver design to combat multiple CFOs for DVB-T2 application. To estimate both multiple CFOs and channels jointly without sacrificing the spectral efficiency, the joint maximum likelihood (ML) estimation based on the soft information from the channel decoder is used. The proposed receiver performs the iterative joint processing of the data detection, ICI cancelation, and joint ML estimation of the multiple CFOs and channels by exchanging the soft information. We also show that the complexity of the joint ML estimation can be reduced significantly by transforming a huge matrix pseudo-inversion into two sub-matrix pseudo-inversions. The performances are evaluated via a full DVB-T2 simulator. The numerical results show that the mean-squared error performance of the joint ML estimation is closely matched with the Cramér-Rao bound. Furthermore, the resulting bit error rate performance is enhanced in a progressive manner and is able to approach the ideal CFOs-free performance within a few iterations.
Tin‐containing Silicates: Alkali Salts Improve Methyl Lactate Yield from Sugars (2015)

This study focuses on increasing the selectivity to methyl lactate from sugars using stannosilicates as heterogeneous catalyst. All group I ions are found to have a promoting effect on the resulting methyl lactate yield. Besides, the alkali ions can be added both during the preparation of the catalyst or directly to the solvent mixture to achieve the highest reported yield of methyl lactate (ca. 75 %) from sucrose at 170 °C in methanol. The beneficial effect of adding alkali to the reaction media applies not only to highly defect-free Sn-Beta prepared through the fluoride route, but also to materials prepared by post-treatment of dealuminated commercial Beta zeolites, as well as ordered mesoporous stannosilicates, in this case Sn-MCM-41 and Sn-SBA-15. These findings open the door to the possibility of using other preparation methods or different Sn-containing silicates with equally high methyl lactate yields as Sn-Beta.
A Membrane‐Free Neutral pH Formate Fuel Cell Enabled by a Selective Nickel Sulfide Oxygen Reduction Catalyst (2017)

Abstract Polymer electrolyte membranes employed in contemporary fuel cells severely limit device design and restrict catalyst choice, but are essential for preventing short‐circuiting reactions at unselective anode and cathode catalysts. Herein, we report that nickel sulfide Ni 3 S 2 is a highly selective catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction in the presence of 1.0 m formate. We combine this selective cathode with a carbon‐supported palladium (Pd/C) anode to establish a membrane‐free, room‐temperature formate fuel cell that operates under benign neutral pH conditions. Proof‐of‐concept cells display open circuit voltages of approximately 0.7 V and peak power values greater than 1 mW cm −2 , significantly outperforming the identical device employing an unselective platinum (Pt) cathode. The work establishes the power of selective catalysis to enable versatile membrane‐free fuel cells.
Oxygenation of Polymer-Covalently Bonded Metalloporphyrins (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxygenation of Polymer-Covalently Bonded MetalloporphyrinsEishun Tsuchida, Etsuo Hasegawa, and Tatsuya KanayamaCite this: Macromolecules 1978, 11, 5, 947–955Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60065a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60065a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views192Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemistry of 2‐Alkenyl‐5(4H)‐oxazolones. Part 8. Acid‐Catalyzed Reaction with Alcohols. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.