gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extracellular signal–regulated kinase 5 promotes acute cellular and systemic inflammation (2015)

Inflammatory critical illness is a syndrome that is characterized by acute inflammation and organ injury, and it is triggered by infections and noninfectious tissue injury, both of which activate innate immune receptors and pathways. Although reports suggest an anti-inflammatory role for the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5), we previously found that ERK5 mediates proinflammatory responses in primary human cells in response to stimulation of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). We inhibited the kinase activities and reduced the abundances of ERK5 and MEK5, a MAPK kinase directly upstream of ERK5, in primary human vascular endothelial cells and monocytes, and found that ERK5 promoted inflammation induced by a broad range of microbial TLR agonists and by the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Furthermore, we found that inhibitors of MEK5 or ERK5 reduced the plasma concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines in mice challenged with TLR ligands or heat-killed Staphylococcus aureus, as well as in mice that underwent sterile lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. Finally, we found that inhibition of ERK5 protected endotoxemic mice from death. Together, our studies support a proinflammatory role for ERK5 in primary human endothelial cells and monocytes, and suggest that ERK5 is a potential therapeutic target in diverse disorders that cause inflammatory critical illness.
Closed-loop noise properties of pulse-width modulated power converters (2002)

The pulse-width modulation (PWM) process in DC-DC and DC-AC power converters introduces characteristic nonlinear behavior. When PWM is performed in the presence of noise, specific effects are seen on the duty ratio and consequently on the output of the power converter. These effects depend on the PWM feedback control action as well as on the PWM process itself. Small-signal concepts do not model nonlinear noise issues. Here, the probability density function of the duty ratio is obtained analytically given Gaussian external noise. The results are verified by both simulation and experimental test. For a DC-DC power converter, noise is shown to introduce a DC shift at the output. Subharmonics appear as the noise propagates through the PWM control. The degree of nonlinear effect on a power converter depends on the nature of its control. Current mode control, for example, shows strong nonlinear effects. Noise properties of this and other controls, as well as ideas for noise mitigation, are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Moving Diffractive Optical Elements from Stand-Alone Components into Micro-Optical Systems (2002)

The evolution of a diffractive optical element (DOE) from a stand-alone component into an integral part of a micro-optical system can be a significant challenge. Design, fabrication, assembly, environmental and packaging constraints of micro-optical systems should be intimately coupled – this is the definition of an integrated system. Coherent consideration of these factors can increase the utility of a micro-optical system. On the other hand, inattention to these integration issues will compromise a DOE’s performance. While DOEs and the micro-optical systems that incorporate DOEs can be complex, the decrease in optical source and detector dimensions that parallels Moore’s Law in the electronic world makes integrated micro-optical systems an inevitability.
Exploration of bacterial community classes in major human habitats (2014)

The community composition, association of demographic factors with community classes, and demonstration of community stability deepen our understanding of the variability and dynamics of human microbiomes. This also has significant implications for experimental designs that seek microbial correlations with clinical phenotypes.
Altered actin and immunoglobulin Cμ expression in nitrogen mustard‐resistant human Burkitt lymphoma cells (1989)

Raji-HN2 is a B cell lymphoma (Burkitt lymphoma) line that was made resistant to nitrogen mustard. The drug-resistant phenotype was accompanied by changes in gene expression. The expression of four unrelated genes was examined by Northern blot analysis. Raji-HN2 cells were found to contain about twice the number of actin mRNA found in Raji cells. Both cell lines were found to contain equivalent amounts of beta 2-microglobulin, c-myc oncogene, and immunoglobulin C mu mRNAs. The C mu mRNA was, however, larger in size in Raji-HN2 cells. Alterations in actin and C mu mRNAs in Raji-HN2 cells were not due to gene amplification or rearrangement because Southern blot analysis revealed no changes in the genomic organization of these genes. The increased actin mRNA content was correlated with an increased actin content of Raji-HN2 cells. The F-actin (stained with 7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazolylphallacidin) content of single cells was quantitated in a meridian interactive laser cytometer. Raji-HN2 cells contained about twice the amount of F-actin present in the parental Raji cells. Similar results were obtained when large populations, 10(6) cells each, were examined in a flow cytometer.
Diffuse visual field loss and glaucoma (1994)

It is often claimed that general reduction, or diffuse loss, of perimetric sensitivity is an early sign of glaucoma. Our clinical experience and the results of a few other studies led us to believe otherwise. To investigate factors associated with diffuse field loss we reviewed 4222 Humphrey 30-2 threshold tests from 1582 eyes of 862 patients followed at our department. Most of these patients had ocular hypertension or glaucoma. Each field test was evaluated with the Glaucoma Hemifield Test of the Statpac 2 program. The Glaucoma Hemifield Test classifies field test results as within or outside normal limits regarding localized field loss and general shifts in sensitivity. General reduction of sensitivity without concomitant localized loss was found in 117 tests from 81 eyes of 69 patients. Corresponding patient records were found for 60 eyes of 60 patients. Media opacities or miotic therapy were noted in 46 eyes (77%), 10 eyes (17%) had end-stage field loss, and in 2 eyes (3%) other non-glaucomatous ocular pathology explained the diffuse loss of sensitivity. Thus, general reduction of differential light sensitivity as an isolated finding was almost always associated with reasons other than early to moderate glaucoma in this material mainly consisting of patients with glaucoma or increased intraocular pressure. Since only 2 out of the 1582 eyes had general reduction of sensitivity that was not explained by non-glaucomatous reasons, we conclude that purely diffuse field loss was not a sign of glaucoma.
Dataset for 'A Si Optical Modulator based on Fano-like Resonance' (2021)

This dataset supports the publication: H. Du, W. Zhang, W. Cao, D. J. Thomson, C. G. Littlejohns, X. Yan, D. T. Tran, M. Banakar, G. T. Reed (2021) 'A Si Optical Modulator based on Fano-like Resonance' published in IEEE Photonics Technology Letters In this work, we present an experimental demonstration of a carrier depletion type Si optical modulator using Fano-like resonance, which is the first of its kind in the literature. The Fano-like resonance is obtained by weak coupling between two optical resonators in the prototype device and the PN junction is designed for carrier-depletion type electro-refractive modulation. 20 Gb/s on-off keying (OOK) is obtained in experiments on the prototype device.
Yeast Glycosylation and Engineering in the Context of Therapeutic Proteins (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction N-Glycosylation in Fungi O-Glycosylation in Fungi and Mammals Remodeling Yeast Glycosylation for Therapeutic Protein Production References
Fluorine‐18‐fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose PET‐CT aids in detection of soft‐tissue injuries for dogs with thoracic or pelvic limb lameness (2019)

Fluorine-18-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) provides physiologic images of tissues based on their glucose metabolism. The combination of FDG PET and CT (FDG PET-CT) has been utilized in human musculoskeletal imaging to localize soft tissue lesions, however, this modality has not been thoroughly investigated for the diagnosis of canine lameness. This prospective, descriptive study evaluated FDG PET-CT findings in 25 client-owned dogs with inconclusive origin of thoracic or pelvic limb lameness (thoracic limb n = 15/25, 60%; pelvic limb n = 6/25, 24%; and combination of both limbs n = 4/25, 16%). We hypothesized that FDG PET-CT would aid the detection of soft tissue lesions not visible with other imaging modalities. Combined FDG PET-CT detected soft tissue lesions in 40% (n = 10/25) and osteoarthritis in 64% (n = 16/25) of the patients. FDG PET detected more soft tissue lesions than contrast-enhanced CT (n = 15/15, 100% and n = 12/15, 80%, respectively), while CT identified more osteoarthritis lesions than FDG PET (n = 26/26, 100% and n = 18/26, 69%, respectively). The three imaging-diagnoses based on the FDG PET component included the following: flexor carpi ulnaris muscle tear, psoas major myopathy, and tarsal desmopathy. No diagnosis for the lameness was obtained in three dogs. Findings supported FDG PET-CT as a useful adjunct imaging modality for detection of certain soft tissue injuries of the musculoskeletal system. Combined FDG PET-CT should be considered for cases where the cause of lameness is thought to be of soft tissue origin and cannot be diagnosed by conventional means.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Synthesis and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Characterization of Partially Folded Proteins (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Clinical Value of Whole-body FDG-PET for Recurrent Gastric Cancer: A Multicenter Study (2009)

PET with FDG yielded useful information in patients with suspected recurrent gastric cancer, especially when recurrence was suspected in the clinical setting.
Fabrication of 2.5kV 4H-SiC PiN Diodes with High Energy Implantation (&gt;12MeV) of Al<sup>+</sup> and B<sup>+</sup> (2018)

In this work, &gt;2kV PiN diodes with &gt;10um deep implant of B + and 6um deep implant of Al + have been fabricated to evaluate the quality of resulting pn junction after high-energy implantation. Acceptable low leakage currents at reverse bias and stable avalanche breakdown were observed for high energy implanted diodes (HEI-diodes) when compared to No-HEI-diodes that suggests minimal defect sites present after activation anneal.
The effect of housing temperature on the growth of CT26 tumor expressing fluorescent protein EGFP (2016)

To date, the effect of housing temperature on tumor development in the immunocompetent mice has been studied on poorly immunogenic cancer models. Standard housing temperature 20–26&deg;C was shown to cause chronic metabolic cold stress and promote tumor progression via suppression of the antitumor immune response, whereas a thermoneutral temperature 30-31&deg;C was more preferable for normal metabolism of mice and inhibited tumor growth. Our work represents the first attempt to discover the potential effect of housing temperature on the development of highly immunogenic tumor. EGFP-expressing murine colon carcinoma CT26 generated in Balb/c mice was used as a tumor model. No statistically significant differences were shown in tumor incidences and growth rates at 20&deg;С, 25&deg;С and 30&deg;С for non-modified CT26. Maintaining mice challenged with CT26-EGFP cells at 30&deg;С led to complete inhibition of tumor development. In summary, we demonstrated that the housing temperature is important for the regulation of growth of highly immunogenic tumors in mice through antitumor immunity.
Estimation of isatin in spiked plasma samples using high performance liquid chromatography (2012)

An isocratic analytical method based on liquid chromatographic determination with UV detection is described for the determination of isatin in spiked plasma and in its synthetic mixture. The separation of the isatin was achieved on betasil C-8 column using mobile phase consisting of a binary mixture of acetonitrile and buffer (Na2CO3 + NaHCO3). Linearity, accuracy and precision were found to be acceptable over the concentration range (5 - 150 mg/L). LOD and LOQ were found to be 1.09 mg/L and 3.3 mg/L, respectively. The developed LC method with UV-visible detection offers simplicity, selectivity, precision and accuracy. It produces a symmetric peak shape and reasonable retention time. No interference has been observed with the excipients found in the drug formulation. Forced degradation studies were also conducted on the isatin samples and the results shows that the newly developed method is able to determine the content of isatin in presence of its degradation products. The proposed method when applied to the determination of isatin in spiked plasma samples produced a recovery ranging from 96.0%-98.2%.
Carbon Contamination Free Wafer Cleaning (2005)

It is difficult not only to detect a small volume of hydrocarbons on Si wafer surface but also to remove the organic impurities by conventional dipping cleaning. Therefore, new analysis method and new cleaning method are required in the semiconductor manufacturing. We have developed the advanced Dynamic-Spin Cleaning System with the ozonized ultrapure water. The experimental results demonstrate that this system is more effective than the conventional dipping cleaning. And then hydrocarbons were confirmed by FT-IR-ATR method. Generally, this method can not detect the very small volume of hydrocarbons. However, this problem is solved by using an ATR-prism made from other materials, like as germanium. Using other materials as ATR-prism can correct exact background spectrum. Therefore, a very small amount of organic impurities can be detected.
Strain-Specific Contribution of Eukaryotic Elongation Factor 1 Gamma to the Translation of Influenza A Virus Proteins (2018)

Influenza A virus exploits multiple host proteins during infection. To define the virus-host interactome, our group conducted a proteomics-based screen and identified 299 genes that contributed to virus replication and 24 genes that were antiviral. Of these genes, we focused on the role during virus replication of eukaryotic elongation factor 1 gamma (eEF1G), which is a subunit of the eukaryotic elongation factor-1 complex and known to be a pro-viral host protein. Using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, we obtained two clones that were defective in eEF1G expression. In both of these clones, A/WSN/33 (H1N1) virus growth and protein expression were significantly suppressed, but viral mRNA, vRNA, and cRNA expression were not reduced. However, the replication and protein expression of A/California/04/2009 (H1N1pdm) virus in both clones were similar to those in parental cells. We found that the PB2 and PA proteins of WSN virus were responsible for the eEF1G-dependent replication. Our data show that eEF1G plays a role in the translation of virus proteins in a strain-specific manner. Additional analyses may be needed to further understand the role of strain-specific host proteins during virus replication.
Sentence Reading: A Functional MRI Study at 4 Tesla (1997)

In this study, changes in blood oxygenation and volume were monitored while monolingual right-handed subjects read English sentences. Our results confirm the role of the left peri-sylvian cortex in language processing. Interestingly, individual subject analyses reveal a pattern of activation characterized by several small, limited patches rather than a few large, anatomically well-circumscribed centers. Between-subject analyses confirm a lateralized pattern of activation and reveal active classical language areas including Broca's area, Wernicke's area, and the angular gyms. In addition they point to areas only more recently considered as language-relevant including the anterior portion of the superior temporal sulcus. This area has not been reliably observed in imaging studies of isolated word processing. This raises the hypothesis that activation in this area is dependent on processes specific to sentence reading.
Synthesis and Application of a New Bisphosphite Ligand Collection for Asymmetric Hydroformylation of Allyl Cyanide (2004)

A series of mono- and bidentate phosphites was prepared with (S)-5,5',6,6'-tetramethyl-3,3'-di-tert-butyl-1,1'-biphenyl-2,2'-dioxy [(S)-BIPHEN] as a chiral auxiliary and screened in the asymmetric hydroformylation of allyl cyanide. These hydroformylation results were compared with those of two existing chiral ligands, Chiraphite and BINAPHOS, whose utility in asymmetric hydroformylation has been previously demonstrated. Bisphosphite 11 with a 2,2'-biphenol bridge was found to be the best overall ligand for asymmetric hydroformylation of allyl cyanide with up to 80% ee and regioselectivities (branch-to-linear ratio, b/l) of 20 with turnover frequency of 625 [h(-)(1)] at 35 degrees C. BINAPHOS gave enantioselectivities up to 77% ee when the reaction was conducted in either acetone or neat but with poor regioselectivity (b/l 2.8) and activities 7 times lower than that of 11. The product of allyl cyanide hydroformylation using (R,R)-11 was subsequently transformed into (R)-2-methyl-4-aminobutanol, a useful chiral building block. Single-crystal X-ray structures of (S,S)-11 and its rhodium complex 19 were determined.
Impact of dimensional scaling and size effects on beyond CMOS All-Spin Logic interconnects (2014)

The energy-per-bit and delay of All-Spin Logic (ASL) interconnects have been modeled. Both Al and Cu interconnect channels have been considered and the impact of size effects and dimensional scaling on their potential performance has been quantified. It is predicted that size effects will affect ASL interconnects more severely than electrical interconnects.
Antibodies toMycobacterium tuberculosis (2017)

Two studies shed light on and underscore the functional importance of the humoral immune response to infection by M. tuberculosis.
ZVS frequency analysis of a current-fed resonant converter (2002)

ZVS (zero voltage switching) is a basic control strategy for normal current-fed DC-AC parallel resonant converters. However, the ZVS operating frequency and how it varies with the load and system parameters remains an unsolved theoretical problem of practical importance. After identifying different types of resonant frequencies of a typical resonant tank of a current-fed resonant converter, this paper gives both accurate numerical solution and approximate analytical solution of ZVS frequencies. The analysis is based on a step current injection model in a half-switching cycle. The validity of the analysis is proven with PSpice simulation results.
Toward the development of radiolabeled fluorophenyl azide-based photolabeling reagents: synthesis and photolysis of iodinated 4-azidoperfluorobenzoates and 4-azido-3,5,6-trifluorobenzoates (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTToward the development of radiolabeled fluorophenyl azide-based photolabeling reagents: synthesis and photolysis of iodinated 4-azidoperfluorobenzoates and 4-azido-3,5,6-trifluorobenzoatesSui Xiong Cai, Denis J. Glenn, and John F. W. KeanaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 4, 1299–1304Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00030a046https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00030a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views589Altmetric-Citations59LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Enhance Algan/Gan Hemts Electrical Performance by Using Patterned Sapphire Substrate (2019)

As the market for personal communications services, and fifth generation (5G) mobile systems coming closer to reality, high frequency and high power device, radio frequency (RF) and microwave power amplifiers are beginning to be the focus of attention. However, the material properties of the commercial silicon process have gradually failed to meet this demand. To find the substitute materials becomes important issue. AlGaN/GaN heterojunction own large critical electric field and high electron mobility because of wide bandgap and 2DEG. Therefore, we can apply it to manufacturing high-power and high-frequency device. Currently, GaN has great opportunity for replacing Si.
Cross-adaptive responses to different forms of leg training: skeletal muscle biochemistry and histochemistry (1982)

The influence of a program of high intensity training and of a combined program of high intensity training and prolonged submaximal training on adaptations to the vastus lateralis muscle was investigated in two groups of elite athletes. The high intensity training (H) consisted of ice hockey practices and games over a 14-week period while the combined program (HI-LO) included the addition of supplementary sessions of cycling, three times per week, progressively increasing from 30 to 45 min per session and at an intensity of 70% VO2max. Determinations of enzyme activities representative of energy supplying pathways revealed no change in 3-hydroxyacl CoA dehydrogenase (HADH), total phosphorylase (PHOSP), phosphofructokinase (PFK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and a 7% increase (p less than 0.05) in succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). The addition of the supplementary program caused no further adaptation in the metabolic profile. Similarly, neither the HI nor the HI-LO program induced any alteration in the percentage fibre type (slow twitch (ST) vs. fast twitch (FT) or the subtypes (FTa, FTb, FTc). Reductions in the size (p less than 0.05) of ST fibres were noted for both the HI and the HI-LO training programs. In contrast, increases in capillarization (p less than 0.05) were found for both the ST (23%) and FTa (32%) fibres for the HI-LO program whereas a reduction in capillarization (21%) occurred in the FTa fibres as a result of HI training only. It is concluded that metabolic differentiation does not appear to occur in a manner consistent with the conditions of energy expenditure at least for high intensity work.