gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Information behaviour that keeps found things found (2004)

This paper reports on a study that the researchers call: 'Keeping found things found on the Web' or 'KFTF'. The research focuses on the classic problem of ensuring that once a useful information source or channel has been located, it can be found again when it is needed. To achieve this goal, individuals engage in information behaviour that the research team refers to as, keeping behaviour and re-finding behaviour. The research study observed both types of information behaviour. To study keeping behaviour, the researchers designed an observational study to record what people do in their offices when they are searching or browsing the Web and they find information that they what to keep for re-use. This behaviour was observed and then analysed for its underlying purpose in the first phase of the KFTF study (the keeping study). In the second phase of the study (the re-finding study), the researchers designed a delayed recall observation which required participants to re-find information on the Web that they had located during the observations of phase 1. This delayed recall study focused upon observations of information re-finding behaviour. Finally, the researchers conducted a survey to validate and augment the data from the keeping study. 214 individuals participated in the survey.
Expression of CD44 molecules and CD44 ligands during human thymic fetal development: expression of CD44 isoforms is developmentally regulated (1995)

It has recently been recognized that CD44 comprises a large family of alternatively spliced forms. In the thymus, CD44 has been postulated to play an important role in immature T cell migration and maturation. In this paper, we have studied the expression of CD44 molecules and two CD44 ligands, hyaluronan (HA) and fibronectin (FN), during human thymic fetal development. We found that mAbs against all CD44 isoforms (A3D8 or A1G3) reacted with both thymic epithelial (TE) cells and thymocytes beginning at the time of initial colonization of the human thymus by hematopoietic stem cells at 8.2 weeks of fetal gestation. However, mAbs specific for splice variants of CD44 containing membrane-proximal inserts (11.24, 11.10 and 11.9) reacted only with terminally differentiated TE cells in and around Hassall's bodies beginning at 16-19 weeks of fetal gestation. Studies of differentiated versus undifferentiated TE cells in vitro confirmed the selective expression of CD44 variant isoforms on terminally differentiated TE cells. Expression of HA and FN was determined by fluorescence microscopy using either biotinylated-HA binding protein or an anti-FN mAb. We found that whereas FN was present throughout the human fetal thymus beginning at 8.2 weeks, HA was not present until 16 weeks of gestational age. These data demonstrate the differential expression of standard versus variant CD44 isoforms during thymic ontogeny and implicate CD44 interactions with ligands other than HA as important in the earlier stages of human thymus development.
Field measurements of WSD DTT protection ratios over outdoor and indoor reference geometries (2012)

A currently prevalent view of the operation of white space cognitive radios is that they should use geolocation databases to determine their frequency band and maximum transmission power in any given location so that interference radiated to broadcast receivers is negligible. To estimate the level o
Polymer Nanoneedle‐Mediated Intracellular Drug Delivery (2011)

Delivery of drugs into the cellular cytoplasm of target cells represents a major hurdle in treating various diseases. This challenge can be addressed by encapsulation of drugs onto or within nanoparticles, which can then be targeted to diseased cells. Here, needle-shaped particles are shown to exhibit substantially higher cytoplasmic delivery of drugs such as siRNA compared to their spherical counterparts. Furthermore, these needles are designed to lose their sharp tips over time and can render themselves ineffective over time, thereby offering control over their duration of activity and toxicity. Such polymer nanoneedles open new avenues for delivering drug molecules directly into the cytoplasm with low toxicity.
(Invited) Improved Vertical GaN Diodes with Mg Ion Implanted Junction Termination Extension (2016)

Improved GaN Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) and p-i-n diodes with edge termination formed by either a field plate or junction termination extension (JTE) achieved by ion implanted and symmetric multicycle rapid thermal annealing (SMRTA) are demonstrated. The devices with JTE exhibited substantially reduced leakage currents and improved turn-on characteristics. This is attributed to the elimination of the plasma process steps. The breakdown characteristics were studied by electroluminescence imaging, and is indicative of avalanche behavior. The realization of vertical GaN devices with low reverse leakage and ion implanted termination regions represents a key step for future power electronic devices.
Profound Sensitivity of the Liver to the Direct Effect of Insulin Allows Peripheral Insulin Delivery to Normalize Hepatic but Not Muscle Glucose Uptake in the Healthy Dog (2022)

Endogenous insulin secretion is a key regulator of postprandial hepatic glucose metabolism, but this process is dysregulated in diabetes. Subcutaneous insulin delivery alters normal insulin distribution, causing relative hepatic insulin deficiency and peripheral hyperinsulinemia, a major risk factor for metabolic disease. Our aim was to determine whether insulin's direct effect on the liver is preeminent even when insulin is given into a peripheral vein. Postprandial-like conditions were created (hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and a positive portal vein to arterial glucose gradient) in healthy dogs. Peripheral (leg vein) insulin infusion elevated arterial and hepatic levels 8.0-fold and 2.8-fold, respectively. In one group, insulin's full effects were allowed. In another, insulin's indirect hepatic effects were blocked with the infusion of triglyceride, glucagon, and inhibitors of brain insulin action (intracerebroventricular) to prevent decreases in plasma free fatty acids and glucagon, while blocking increased hypothalamic insulin signaling. Despite peripheral insulin delivery the liver retained its full ability to store glucose, even when insulin's peripheral effects were blocked, whereas muscle glucose uptake markedly increased, creating an aberrant distribution of glucose disposal between liver and muscle. Thus, the healthy liver's striking sensitivity to direct insulin action can overcome the effect of relative hepatic insulin deficiency, whereas excess insulin in the periphery produces metabolic abnormalities in nonhepatic tissues.
Air-breathing cathode self-powered supercapacitive microbial fuel cell with human urine as electrolyte (2020)

In this work, a membraneless microbial fuel cell (MFC) with an empty volume of 1.5 mL, fed continuously with hydrolysed urine, was tested in supercapacitive mode (SC-MFC). In order to enhance the power output, a double strategy was used: i) a double cathode was added leading to a decrease in the equivalent series resistance (ESR); ii) the apparent capacitance was boosted up by adding capacitive features on the anode electrode. Galvanostatic (GLV) discharges were performed at different discharge currents. The results showed that both strategies were successful obtaining a maximum power output of 1.59 ± 0.01 mW (1.06 ± 0.01 mW mL<sup>-1</sup>) at pulse time of 0.01 s and 0.57 ± 0.01 mW (0.38 ± 0.01 mW mL<sup>-1</sup>) at pulse time of 2 s. The highest energy delivered at i<sub>pulse</sub> equal to 2 mA was 3.3 ± 0.1 mJ. The best performing SC-MFCs were then connected in series and parallel and tested through GLV discharges. As the power output was similar, the connection in parallel allowed to roughly doubling the current produced. Durability tests over ≈5.6 days showed certain stability despite a light overall decrease.
Structural, mechanical, and electrical properties of cubic boron nitride thin films deposited by magnetically enhanced plasma ion plating method (2014)

We proposed a novel process for improving cubic boron nitride (c-BN) film properties coated on Si substrates, using a magnetically enhanced plasma ion plating (MEP-IP) method. The method has two features: 1) To realize a stable anode current, the deposition of an insulating BN film on the anode electrode was controlled by adjusting the anode electrode temperature, and 2) a stable substrate current was generated by high-density Ar/N 2 plasma with a stable anodic current to promote the reaction between N radicals and B atoms evaporated onto the substrate. To prevent the delamination of the c-BN film from the substrate, a structure of the c-BN/t-BN/a-BN/B/Ti/TiN/Ti/substrate was designed. It was found that the hardness defined by the Knoop indenter increased with an increase in the substrate voltage, and simultaneously the friction coefficient decreases. The electrical capacitance measurement revealed superior interface property for the BN/TiN/Si stack structure after air exposure (the permittivity of the stack structure is ∼13.8). We also confirmed the long-term stability of the c-BN film hardness to be 3000 to 4000 HK after a five-year exposure. These results confirmed that no delamination occurred in the c-BN structure fabricated by the present MEP-IP method.
APreS-MIDI: aperture synthesis in the mid-infrared with the VLTI (2003)

We are studying an optical concept aiming at recombining 4 telescope beams. Interference fringes are sampled in the pupil plane. Such a principle is perfectly adapted for reconstructing images by aperture synthesis at 10 &#956;m with the VLTI. This principle could be used for building a new generation 10 &#956;m instrument, but instead of doing a totally new instrument, we propose the design of an optical module that can supply the current MIDI-VLTI instrument with 4 beams.
Adaptive transmit eigenbeamforming with stochastic unitary plane rotations in MIMO systems with linear receivers (2006)

In this work we propose two adaptive transmit eigenbeamforming techniques for closed loop MIMO systems with low feedback rate. Both algorithms track a number of the dominant eigenmodes of a fading MIMO channel. The first algorithm applies unitary transformations incrementally, while the second runs a stochastic search over the space of angles that parameterize a set of orthonormal complex vectors. The eigenmode estimate updates rely on a single feedback bit and ensure orthonormality at every instant without enforcing the condition explicitly. We introduce a cost function that minimizes both the channel induced symbol stream coupling at the receiver and the noise coloring effects of the channel equalizer. We show that our choice of cost function improves the performance when using a suboptimal linear minimum mean-square error (MMSE) receiver. Our schemes outperform the algorithm recently proposed in J. Yang and D.B. Williams (2005) (which is based on B.C. Banister and J.R. Zeidler (2003)) by 1 dB in terms of bit error probability (BEP) performance, while keeping a similar computational complexity
Pluronic gel-based burrowing assay for rapid assessment of neuromuscular health in C. elegans (2019)

Abstract Whole-organism phenotypic assays are central to the assessment of neuromuscular function and health in model organisms such as the nematode C. elegans . In this study, we report a new assay format for engaging C. elegans in burrowing that enables rapid assessment of nematode neuromuscular health. In contrast to agar environments that pose specific drawbacks for characterization of C. elegans burrowing ability, here we use the optically transparent and biocompatible Pluronic F-127 gel that transitions from liquid to gel at room temperature, enabling convenient and safe handling of animals. The burrowing assay methodology involves loading animals at the bottom of well plates, casting a liquid-phase of Pluronic on top that solidifies via a modest temperature upshift, enticing animals to reach the surface via chemotaxis to food, and quantifying the relative success animals have in reaching the chemoattractant. We study the influence of Pluronic concentration, gel height and chemoattractant choice to optimize assay performance. To demonstrate the simplicity of the assay workflow and versatility, we show its novel application in multiple areas including (i) evaluating muscle mutants with defects in dense bodies and/or M-lines ( pfn-3, atn-1, uig-1, dyc-1, zyx-1, unc-95 and tln-1 ), (ii) tuning assay conditions to reveal changes in the mutant gei- 8 , (iii) sorting of fast burrowers in a genetically-uniform wild-type population for later quantitation of their distinct muscle gene expression, and (iv) testing proteotoxic animal models of Huntington and Parkinson’s disease. Results from our studies show that stimulating animals to navigate in a dense environment that offers mechanical resistance to three- dimensional locomotion challenges the neuromuscular system in a manner distinct from standard crawling and thrashing assays. Our simple and high throughput burrowing assay can provide insight into molecular mechanisms for maintenance of neuromuscular health and facilitate screening for therapeutic targets.
3D Phase Contrast EPI MR Angiography of the Carotid Arteries (1995)

EPI 3D PC MRA renders diagnostic images of the proximal carotid system. The considerable reduction in data acquisition time must be weighed against poorer image quality.
406.6-Gb/s PDM-BPSK Superchannel Transmission over 12,800-km TWRS Fiber via Nonlinear Noise Squeezing (2013)

We transmit a 406.6-Gb/s superchannel consisting of eight 37.5-GHz-spaced 32-Gbaud Nyquist-filtered PDM-BPSK signals over 12,800-km (160×80-km) EDFA-only amplified dispersion-unmanaged TWRS fiber. This result is enabled by nonlinear noise squeezing achieved through optimized digital electronic dispersion pre-compensation.
Abstract 19032: Anatomic Isolation of Core Elements of Circuit Substrate with Ablation Eliminates Multiple Scar Based Ventricular Tachycardias (2014)

Introduction: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of multiple or unmappable ventricular tachycardias (VT) remains a challenge with unclear endpoints. We present our experience with a new strategy isolating core elements of VT circuits. Methods: Patients with structural heart disease presenting for VT RFA at 2 centers were included. Strategy involved entrainment/activation mapping if VT was hemodynamically tolerated, and/or voltage mapping with electrogram analysis and pace mapping. Core isolation (CI) was performed incorporating putative isthmus and early exit site(s) based on standard criteria (panel A). If VT was noninducible, the dense scar ( Results: 44 patients undergoing CI were included (mean age 63, 95% male, 73% ischemic cardiomyopathy, mean LVEF 31%, 68% with multiple unstable VTs (mean 3+2)). CI area was 11+12 cm2, vs. 55+40 cm2 total scar area. Additional substrate modification was performed in 27 (61%), and epicardial RFA was performed in 4 (9%). CI was achieved in 37 (84%) and led to better VT free survival (log rank p=0.013), as well as added incremental benefit to acute VT noninducibility in improving long-term ablation success (panels B and C). Conclusion: “Core isolation” is a novel strategy with a discrete and measurable endpoint beyond VT inducibility to treat patients with multiple and/or unmappable VTs. The CI region can be selected based on standard characterization of suspected VT isthmus surrogates thus limiting ablation target size. Exit block within the isolated area is achievable in most and may further improve long-term success.
Effect of clay content and distribution on hydraulic and geophysical properties of synthetic sand-clay mixtures (2019)

Geophysical methods show promise for detecting the spatial variability of subsurface clay content and its effect on subsurface hydraulic properties. We have developed a laboratory study that examines the influence of clay content and distribution on the relationships between hydraulic conductivity [Formula: see text] and the physical and geophysical properties of the media. Two geophysical methods are investigated: spectral induced polarization (SIP) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). We used synthetic sediment mixtures of sand and up to 10% kaolinite clay by mass; the clay was homogeneously mixed or was present as large (approximately 5 mm) clusters distributed through the sample. The [Formula: see text] varies moderately well (normalized root-mean-square error [[Formula: see text]rms error] = 0.393) with the pore-volume normalized surface area [Formula: see text] a proxy measure of clay content, in the homogeneous samples and poorly ([Formula: see text]rms error = 0.507) when the clustered samples are included in the fit. The SIP parameters indicate moderately good to excellent fits with [Formula: see text] for homogeneous samples ([Formula: see text]rms error = 0.0783–0.139) and moderately good to good fits for clustered samples ([Formula: see text]rms error = 0.140–0.336), and the coefficients describing the polarizability of the samples depend on the clay distribution. NMR parameters vary moderately well with [Formula: see text] in the homogeneous samples ([Formula: see text]rms error = 0.341–0.412) and poorly ([Formula: see text]rms error = 1.08–6.04) in the clustered samples. The SIP parameters vary moderately well with [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]rms error = 0.301–0.466); however, the relationship between the SIP parameters and [Formula: see text] is compromised by the nonnegligible polarization of the clay clusters. NMR parameters indicate good to excellent fits with [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]rms error = 0.0789–0.116). For SIP and NMR, fitting homogeneous and clustered samples together does not compromise the fit quality. These results suggest that the geophysical measurements are better predictors of [Formula: see text] in heterogeneous porous media than bulk measures of pore geometry such as [Formula: see text].
ChemInform Abstract: Thermal Removal of Boc‐Protecting Groups During Preparation of Open‐ Chain Polyamines. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Active Torque Cancellation for transmitted vibration reduction of low cylinder count engines (2009)

Noise is a critical acoustics parameter in engine based designs. Low speed operation gives a noise advantage; however, vibration is significant at low speeds. A practical active torque cancellation (ATC) scheme is shown to reduce transmitted vibration by an order of magnitude at targeted frequencies. By focusing on critical roll torque components only, over-sizing of machine and power electronics components is avoided. Detailed design approach and experimental results are presented for a practical implementation.
Lissage d'une production houlogénérée: gestion et dimensionnement d'un système de stockage par supercondensateurs sous contrainte de flicker (2014)

Cet article examine le problème du dimensionnement et de la gestion d'un système de stockage électrique composé de supercapacités pour un houlogénérateur direct avec comme exemple le projet SEAREV. L'objectif principal consiste à permettre l'intégration au réseau en respectant les contraintes de flicker. Nous introduisons une gestion dépendant à la fois de l'état d'énergie du système de stockage, mais aussi de la puissance produite par le houlogénérateur. Cette gestion est optimisée pour chaque dimensionnement afin de réduire les pertes électriques, tout en respectant strictement le critère de flicker. Le dimensionnement final doit minimiser le coût total du système, en prenant en compte à la fois l'investissement (coût des supercondensateurs) et l'exploitation (pertes dans les supercondensateurs).<br /><br /><br />
A Mutation in Hnrnph1 That Decreases Methamphetamine-Induced Reinforcement, Reward, and Dopamine Release and Increases Synaptosomal hnRNP H and Mitochondrial Proteins (2019)

Individual variation in the addiction liability of amphetamines has a heritable genetic component. We previously identified <i>Hnrnph1</i> (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H1) as a quantitative trait gene underlying decreased methamphetamine-induced locomotor activity in mice. Here, we showed that mice (both females and males) with a heterozygous mutation in the first coding exon of <i>Hnrnph1</i> (H1<sup>+/-</sup>) showed reduced methamphetamine reinforcement and intake and dose-dependent changes in methamphetamine reward as measured via conditioned place preference. Furthermore, H1<sup>+/-</sup> mice showed a robust decrease in methamphetamine-induced dopamine release in the NAc with no change in baseline extracellular dopamine, striatal whole-tissue dopamine, dopamine transporter protein, dopamine uptake, or striatal methamphetamine and amphetamine metabolite levels. Immunohistochemical and immunoblot staining of midbrain dopaminergic neurons and their forebrain projections for TH did not reveal any major changes in staining intensity, cell number, or forebrain puncta counts. Surprisingly, there was a twofold increase in hnRNP H protein in the striatal synaptosome of H1<sup>+/-</sup> mice with no change in whole-tissue levels. To gain insight into the mechanisms linking increased synaptic hnRNP H with decreased methamphetamine-induced dopamine release and behaviors, synaptosomal proteomic analysis identified an increased baseline abundance of several mitochondrial complex I and V proteins that rapidly decreased at 30 min after methamphetamine administration in H1<sup>+/-</sup> mice. In contrast, the much lower level of basal synaptosomal mitochondrial proteins in WT mice showed a rapid increase. We conclude that H1<sup>+/-</sup> decreases methamphetamine-induced dopamine release, reward, and reinforcement and induces dynamic changes in basal and methamphetamine-induced synaptic mitochondrial function.<b>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</b> Methamphetamine dependence is a significant public health concern with no FDA-approved treatment. We discovered a role for the RNA binding protein hnRNP H in methamphetamine reward and reinforcement. <i>Hnrnph1</i> mutation also blunted methamphetamine-induced dopamine release in the NAc, a key neurochemical event contributing to methamphetamine addiction liability. Finally, <i>Hnrnph1</i> mutants showed a marked increase in basal level of synaptosomal hnRNP H and mitochondrial proteins that decreased in response to methamphetamine, whereas WT mice showed a methamphetamine-induced increase in synaptosomal mitochondrial proteins. Thus, we identified a potential role for hnRNP H in basal and dynamic mitochondrial function that informs methamphetamine-induced cellular adaptations associated with reduced addiction liability.