gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract WP106: Optogenetic Neuronal Stimulation Reduces Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase After Stroke (2016)

Objective: Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous messenger that mediates many physiological functions, including neuronal excitability, vascular tone and angiogenesis. Nitric oxide synthases are a family of enzymes that catalyzes the production of NO. While activation of endothelial NOS (eNOS) has been shown to be neuroprotective, activation of neuronal NOS (nNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS) worsens ischemic damage. Although the role of NOS in acute stroke is well-established, their contribution in stroke recovery is less clear. Our lab recently demonstrated that optogenetic neuronal stimulation can enhance post-stroke recovery. As NOS mediates many physiological processes important for stroke recovery, we investigate whether NOS is involved in stimulation-enhanced recovery. We hypothesize that neuronal stimulations promote recovery by altering NOS expression. Methods: Thy-1-ChR2-YFP line-18 transgenic male mice were used. Mice underwent experimental stroke induced by an intraluminal middle cerebral artery suture occlusion. Repeated optogenetic stimulations in the contralesional cerebellar dentate nucleus (cLCN) were administered from post-stroke day5-14. Functional recovery was evaluated by sensory-motor behavior tests. Mice were sacrificed at post-stroke day15, ipsilesional and contralesional motor and sensory cortices were dissected. qPCR was performed to examine expression of nNOS, iNOS and eNOS. Results: Our data showed that stimulated stroke mice recovered quickly, with significantly faster rotating beam speed at day14 post-stroke (p&lt;0.001). Quantitative PCR revealed that stimulations significantly reduced nNOS expression, while no change was detected for eNOS and iNOS. Interestingly, nNOS was significantly reduced in the contralesional primary motor cortex in cLCN-stimulated stroke mice (p&lt;0.001), suggesting the involvement of nNOS in the contralesional cortex in stroke recovery. Conclusion: Optogenetic stimulations promote post-stroke recovery and selectively reduced nNOS expression in the contralesional motor cortex. Current ongoing studies examine the nNOS signaling pathway after stimulation and the effect of manipulating nNOS expression in stroke recovery.
Inhibition of Aneurysm Progression by Direct Renin Inhibition in a Rabbit Model (2017)

Angiotensin II is thought to participate in aneurysm formation, because of its ability to induce and perpetuate inflammation in the aortic wall. Because activation of renin is the first step of the renin-angiotensin system, renin inhibition could inhibit all components of this system effectively. Therefore, we examined the hypothesis that direct inhibition of renin activity could decrease the expansion of aortic aneurysm using a rabbit model. Aortic dilatation was induced by incubation with elastase around the rabbit abdominal aorta. Continuous administration of a direct renin inhibitor, aliskiren, was started at 1 week before incubation with elastase and continued for 5 weeks. Treatment with aliskiren markedly inhibited tissue renin activation and resulted in a significant reduction in angiotensin I and II production in the aneurysm wall. Consequently, the inhibition of renin activity prevented the expansion of experimental aortic aneurysm associated with preservation of the medial layer, independent of its blood pressure-lowering effect. Administration of aliskiren led to the inhibition of activation of NF-κB (nuclear factor-κB), AP-1 (activator protein-1), and CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein), which are thought to cooperatively regulate the inflammatory gene expression profile associated with aneurysm formation. As a result, treatment with aliskiren inhibited macrophage accumulation through suppression of MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) and CCL4 (C-C motif chemokine ligand 4) expression, and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α) production and activation of MMP-2 (matrix metalloproteinase-2) and MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9) were also suppressed in the aneurysm wall. In addition, inhibition of (pro)renin receptor elevation was also observed after treatment with aliskiren. Direct inhibition of renin activity using aliskiren prevented the progression of aortic aneurysm, suggesting it as a therapeutic option to treat abdominal aortic aneurysm.
Glucocorticoid receptor antagonism decreases alcohol seeking in alcohol-dependent individuals (2015)

Alcoholism, or alcohol use disorder, is a major public health concern that is a considerable risk factor for morbidity and disability; therefore, effective treatments are urgently needed. Here, we demonstrated that the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist mifepristone reduces alcohol intake in alcohol-dependent rats but not in nondependent animals. Both systemic delivery and direct administration into the central nucleus of the amygdala, a critical stress-related brain region, were sufficient to reduce alcohol consumption in dependent animals. We also tested the use of mifepristone in 56 alcohol-dependent human subjects as part of a double-blind clinical and laboratory-based study. Relative to placebo, individuals who received mifepristone (600 mg daily taken orally for 1 week) exhibited a substantial reduction in alcohol-cued craving in the laboratory, and naturalistic measures revealed reduced alcohol consumption during the 1-week treatment phase and 1-week post-treatment phase in mifepristone-treated individuals. Mifepristone was well tolerated and improved liver-function markers. Together, these results support further exploration of GR antagonism via mifepristone as a therapeutic strategy for alcoholism.
Erlebacheret al.Reply: (2002)

A Reply to the Comment by Israeli and Kandel.Received 19 February 2002DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.169602©2002 American Physical Society
Computational Chemistry and the Design of New Materials for Xerographic Applications (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComputational Chemistry and the Design of New Materials for Xerographic ApplicationsTom A. Kavassalis, Peter M. Kazmaier, James P. Bareman, Pudupadi R. Sundararajan, and Joseph D. WrightCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1995, 34, 12, 4174–4184Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00039a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00039a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views86Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Influence of a low anisotropy grain on magnetization reversal in polycrystalline bit-patterned media (2013)

We compute the switching field in a disk-shaped polycrystalline exchange-coupled bit (similar material to those found in bit-patterned media (BPM)) with micromagnetics, by varying physical parameters of a test grain. It was found that the size and the anisotropy of the test grain have substantial effects on the switching field, while its location has only minor influence. Scaling of the bit and the test grain dimensions result in similar switching properties. Switching field was reduced when the number of the low anisotropy test grains increased. Additionally, it was established that the intergranular exchange coupling needs to be at least 10% of the intragrain exchange for the bit to behave as one exchange-coupled entity. This investigation provides some insights for optimizing the material microstructure for the BPM application.
Radio Frequency Identification as a Testbed for Integration of Low Frequency Radio Frequency Sensors Into Orthopedic Implants (2013)

Recent advances in radio frequency (RF) sensor systems provide new opportunities to wirelessly collect data from inside the body. “Smart implants” instrumented with sensors have been used as research tools for decades, but only recently have implantable sensors become small enough and robust enough to be used in daily clinical practice. In orthopedic surgery, implants provide a vehicle onto which small RF sensors can be mounted to gather data for diagnostics. However, the sensors must function in a challenging environment which requires long term functionality under demanding physical and mechanical conditions. The purpose of this study was to parametrically test low frequency RF systems under simulated in vivo conditions to determine feasibility of sensor integration into orthopedic applications. Three low frequency RF systems were tested in several clinically relevant scenarios in vitro to characterize (1) strategies for maximizing communication range, (2) physical robustness, and (3) mechanical performance. Systems were tested in air, saline, soft tissue, bone, and in proximity to metal. Hermeticity was assessed during a 208 week period. Effects of γ-irradiation and repeated steam sterilized were measured. Strain at failure was measured by mechanical testing of various packaging configurations. All systems were capable of greater than 20 cm read range under ideal conditions. Saline, soft tissue, and bone had minimal effect on signal transmission, but read range was sensitive to the proximity of stainless steel. The electronics were tolerant of steam sterilization but not of γ-irradiation. Polymer encapsulation is robust enough for many orthopedic applications, but ceramic encapsulated sensors need to be optimized for weight-bearing applications to avoid brittle failure. Although sensor packaging remains a challenge, the technology exists to incorporate passive wireless implantable sensors into orthopedic daily practice.
Crystallization Behaviour and Magnetic Properties of Magnetostrictive TbDyFe Films (1998)

Amorphous magnetostrictive films of the composition (Tb0.27Dy0.73)0.3Fe0.7 have been prepared by ion-beam sputtering. The films have been subjected to a subsequent heat treatment for 10 min at various temperatures. Annealing temperatures to 550 °C result in a significant enhancement of the magnetostriction while the microstructure of the films remains amorphous. For annealing temperatures in the range of 600 to 800 °C nano- and microcrystalline samples have been obtained. Films with a grain size around 10 nm exhibit an in-plane magnetostriction up to λ∥ = 860 × 10—6 at 1 T with a minimum coercivity of μ0H∥c = 0.12 T.
High Performance Thermal Interface Technology Overview (2008)

An overview on recent developments in thermal interfaces is given with a focus on a novel thermal interface technology that allows the formation of 2-3 times thinner bondlines with strongly improved thermal properties at lower assembly pressures. This is achieved using nested hierarchical surface channels to control the particle stacking with highly particle-filled materials. Reliability testing with thermal cycling has also demonstrated a decrease in thermal resistance after extended times with longer overall lifetime compared to a flat interface.
ChemInform Abstract: Applications of the Thermal Ene Reaction of Aldehyde t‐Butyl‐ and Phenylhydrazones. (1986)

Abstract Ene reaction of the hydrazones (I) with (IV) yields the azo compounds (II), ′ affording ketones (III) on tautomerization and hydrolysis.
Keynote address: Clinical Decision Support: The challenge of big data and big computation (2012)

The document was not made available for publication as part of the conference proceedings.
Effectiveness of Yohimbine in the Treatment of Erectile Impotence - Retrospective Analysis (1987)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Jun 1987Effectiveness of Yohimbine in the Treatment of Erectile Impotence - Retrospective Analysis Michael B. Chancellor, Carol J. Bennett, L. Paul Sonda, and John W. Konnak Michael B. ChancellorMichael B. Chancellor More articles by this author , Carol J. BennettCarol J. Bennett More articles by this author , L. Paul SondaL. Paul Sonda More articles by this author , and John W. KonnakJohn W. Konnak More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)75977-0AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Effectiveness of Yohimbine in the Treatment of Erectile Impotence - Retrospective Analysis." The Journal of Urology, 137(6), p. 310A © 1987 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 137Issue 6June 1987Page: 310A Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1987 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Michael B. Chancellor More articles by this author Carol J. Bennett More articles by this author L. Paul Sonda More articles by this author John W. Konnak More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Epithelial and neutrophil responses to microbes in cystic fibrosis airways (2022)

A subset of neutrophils in cystic fibrosis (CF) airways abundantly release the serine&nbsp;protease neutrophil elastase (NE), causing lung damage. Triggers of this subset are unknown, limiting intervention. Respiratory viral-bacterial co-infections may be a possible cause, but this has not been directly studied. To explore this, we developed a laboratory pipeline to characterise responses of airway tissue and neutrophils to virus and bacteria. Differentiated paediatric primary airway epithelial cultures were challenged individually or co-infected with rhinovirus and bacteria representative of pathogens and oral flora found in CF airways (<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Neisseria lactamica</i>, and <i>Prevotella nigrescens</i>). Cultures were then washed with medical saline to sample infection milieus. Washes were used to assess epithelial cytokine release and also applied to an <i>in vitro</i> model of neutrophil transmigration to the airways. Infection microenvironments were characterised by increased antiviral signals with exclusive rhinovirus infection, including MIG and IP-10, while <i>P. aeruginosa</i> uniquely increased pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1α and β. Neutrophils migrating into washes primed by <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and <i>P. nigrescens</i> had elevated marker of NE release CD63 (7 fold, p&lt;0.001), and reduced expression of phagocytic receptor CD16 (0.3 fold, p&lt;0.001). These changes are reflective of neutrophils in CF airways. Our findings indicate that certain bacteria, as primary or secondary infections, trigger NE release in recruited neutrophils. Both pathogens and oral microbes may activate this subset in CF airways. Ongoing studies seek to characterise reprogramming mechanisms and identify potential therapeutic targets.
18F‐labeled fluorouracil positron emission tomography and the prognoses of colorectal carcinoma patients with metastases to the liver treated with 5‐fluorouracil (1998)

the prognoses of colorectal carcinoma patients with metastases to the liver, a means for evaluating response and prognosis prior to the administration of standard chemotherapy has not been available. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a noninvasive means of measuring the distribution of radiolabeled cytostatic agents in tumor regions.
Non-Enzymatic Polymer Surface Erosion (2018)

Achieving polymer surface erosion is one of the holy grails of research in controlled drug release because in such systems, drug release in the absence of diffusion is completely controlled by rate of polymer hydrolysis. Clearly, not all polymers will undergo non-enzymatic surface hydrolysis and most known polymers will undergo bulk hydrolysis where the reaction occurs more or less uniformly throughout the bulk of the material. Such materials can be readilly prepared by the reaction between alcohols and the copolymer of methyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride. Use of poly (ortho esters) that undergo surface erosion is not limited to short term delivery devices and work to develop a bioerodible implant that can release levonorgestrel for about one year by an erosion controlled process has been in progress for many years. Devices were also explanted at various time intervals and examined by scanning electron microscopy. Polyanhydrides have been extensively investigated as bioerodible matrices for the controlled delivery of therapeutic agents.
DSAP: a protocol for coordinated spectrum access (2005)

The continually increasing number of wireless devices operating in the unlicensed frequency bands makes the freely-available wireless spectrum a scarce commodity. Under such circumstances, efficient wireless spectrum management is necessary to minimize the effects of overcrowding and maximize quality of service. In this paper we present the design, implementation and evaluation of dynamic spectrum access protocol (DSAP), a centralized method for managing and coordinating spectrum access
From Personalized Medicine to Personalized Science: Uniting Science and Medicine for Patient-Driven, Goal-Oriented Research (2013)

We developed a new model for initiating, coordinating, funding, and managing biomedical research projects. The concept involves engaging the patients with chronic conditions with no known cures into goal-oriented research activities. In this model, the patient seeks the help of a research organization to bring together a multidisciplinary team of research scientists and physicians to initiate research projects using the patient's grant funding, samples, as well as the management expertise. This model may be of interest to other research institutions because it has many benefits, including new sources of private research funding, when government funding is getting scarce, motivating scientists and physicians to work closely together on goal- and patient-oriented research projects, and using patients' management skills.
Novel chlorin–diene building block by enyne metathesis: synthesis of chlorin–fullerene dyads (1999)

The first example demonstrating the utility of enyne metathesis in preparing a chlorin–diene system as a novel and versatile building block is discussed; Diels–Alder reaction [4 + 2] of the diene with fullerene (C60) produced the chlorin–fullerene dyad, a new artificial photosynthetic model; compared to the non-fullerene analogs, the corresponding free base and ZnII chlorin–C60 dyads showed a remarkable decrease in their fluorescence intensity, indicating a rapid quenching of the chlorin excited singlet state by the fullerene moiety.
F-42 Oxidation State Determination Using Xanes Without a Synchrotron (2007)

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Cytokine Regulation of Nerve Growth Factor‐Mediated Cholinergic Neurotrophic Activity Synthesized by Astrocytes and Fibroblasts (1992)

The neurotrophic activity of astrocytes and fibroblasts and its regulation by various cytokines were investigated. Astrocyte conditioned medium (ACM) enhanced the survival of neurons and the proliferation of astrocytes in embryonic cortical cultures grown in serum-free defined medium. However, these results were not affected by acidic fibroblast growth factor, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), and transforming growth factor-beta 1. In contrast, ACM induced choline acetyltransferase expression in septal cholinergic neurons via nerve growth factor (NGF)-dependent and -independent mechanisms. However, neither acidic nor basic fibroblast growth factor is involved in this biological activity in ACM. The cytokines listed above mainly stimulate NGF-mediated cholinergic neurotrophic activity in ACM. A combination of IL-1 beta and TNF alpha significantly enhanced choline acetyltransferase activity in septal neurons co-cultured with astrocytes, and this effect was found to be mediated by NGF produced by activated astrocytes. Effects of astrocytes on GABAergic neurons were also examined. ACM was found to increase glutamate decarboxylase activity in neuronal cultures from septum in the presence of Ara-C. However, the cytokines did not enhance this activity in ACM. Moreover, a combination of IL-1 beta and TNF alpha had no effect on glutamate decarboxylase activity in septal neurons co-cultured with astrocytes. In a final set of experiments, cholinergic neurotrophic activity in skin-derived fibroblast conditioned medium (FCM) was examined. FCM was found to possess biological activity similar to that of ACM on septal neurons grown in serum-free defined medium with Ara-C. The cytokines also enhanced NGF-mediated cholinergic neurotrophic activity in FCM. Astrocytes and fibroblasts were found to possess NGF-type and non-NGF-type cholinergic neurotrophic activity, and various cytokines were found to regulate the NGF-type cholinergic neurotrophic activity in both types of cells. NGF produced by astrocytes and fibroblasts that are activated by cytokines is likely to be important for development and regeneration of NGF-sensitive neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems.
Chirality‐Enriched Carbon Nanotubes for Next‐Generation Computing (2020)

For the past half century, silicon has served as the primary material platform for integrated circuit technology. However, the recent proliferation of nontraditional electronics, such as wearables, embedded systems, and low-power portable devices, has led to increasingly complex mechanical and electrical performance requirements. Among emerging electronic materials, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are promising candidates for next-generation computing as a result of their superlative electrical, optical, and mechanical properties. Moreover, their chirality-dependent properties enable a wide range of emerging electronic applications including sub-10 nm complementary field-effect transistors, optoelectronic integrated circuits, and enantiomer-recognition sensors. Here, recent progress in SWCNT-based computing devices is reviewed, with an emphasis on the relationship between chirality enrichment and electronic functionality. In particular, after highlighting chirality-dependent SWCNT properties and chirality enrichment methods, the range of computing applications that have been demonstrated using chirality-enriched SWCNTs are summarized. By identifying remaining challenges and opportunities, this work provides a roadmap for next-generation SWCNT-based computing.