gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Parallel Gauss Sieve Algorithm: Solving the SVP Challenge over a 128-Dimensional Ideal Lattice (2014)

Abstract. In this paper, we report that we have solved the SVP Challenge over a 128-dimensional lattice in Ideal Lattice Challenge from TU Darmstadt, which is currently the highest dimension in the challenge that has ever been solved. The security of lattice-based cryptography is based on the hardness of solving the shortest vector problem (SVP) in lattices. In 2010, Micciancio and Voulgaris proposed a Gauss Sieve algorithm for heuristically solving the SVP using a list L of Gauss-reduced vectors. Milde and Schneider proposed a parallel implementation method for the Gauss Sieve algorithm. However, the efficiency of the more than 10 threads in their implementation decreased due to the large number of non-Gauss-reduced vectors appearing in the distributed list of each thread. In this paper, we propose a more practical parallelized Gauss Sieve algorithm. Our algorithm deploys an additional Gauss-reduced list V of sample vectors assigned to each thread, and all vectors in list L remain Gauss-reduced by mutually reducing them using all sample vectors in V. Therefore, our algorithm allows the Gauss Sieve algorithm to run for large dimensions with a small communication overhead. Finally, we succeeded in solving the SVP Challenge over a 128-dimensional ideal lattice generated by the cyclotomic polynomial x128 + 1 using about 30,000 CPU hours.
Effect of anthocyanin-absorbed whey protein microgels on physicochemical and textural properties of reduced-fat Cheddar cheese (2020)

Reduced-fat foods have become more popular due to their health benefits; however, reducing the fat content of food affects the sensory experience. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the sensory acceptance of reduced-fat foods to that of full-fat equivalents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding whey protein microgels (WPM) with an average diameter of 4 μm, or WPM with adsorbed anthocyanins [WPM (Ant)] on the textural and sensory properties of reduced-fat Cheddar cheese (RFC). Reduced-fat Cheddar cheese was prepared in 2 ways: (1) by adding WPM, designated as RFC+M, or (2) by adding WPM (Ant), designated as RFC+M (Ant). For comparison, RFC without fat substitutes and full-fat Cheddar cheese were also prepared. We discovered that the addition of WPM and WPM (Ant) increased the moisture content, fluidity, and meltability of RFC, and reduced its hardness, springiness, and chewiness. The textural and sensory characteristics of RFC were markedly inferior to those of full-fat Cheddar cheese, whereas addition of WPM and WPM (Ant) significantly improved the sensory characteristics of RFC. The WPM and WPM (Ant) showed a high potential as fat substitutes and anthocyanin carriers to effectively improve the acceptance of reduced-fat foods.
Hybrid Physics-Constrained and Data-Driven Approach for Interwell Saturation Estimation from Well Logs (2021)

Abstract Combining physics-based models for well log analysis with artificial intelligence (AI) advanced algorithms is crucial for wellbore studies. Data-driven methods do not generalize well and lack theoretical knowledge accumulated in the field. Estimating well saturation significantly improves if predictions from physical models are used to constrain data-driven algorithms in outlined primary fluid channels and other important points of interest. Saturation propagations in the reservoirs interwell region also generalize better under using combination of models. This work addresses combined usage of theoretical and data-driven models by aggregating them into single hybrid model. Multiple physical and data-driven models are under study, their parameters are optimized using observations. Weighted sum is used to predict water saturation at every point with weights being recomputed at each step. Model outputs are compared in terms accuracy and cumulative loss. A synthesized reservoir box model encompassing volumetric interwell porosity, resistivity and saturation data is used for the validation of the algorithms. Aggregated model for estimating interwell saturation shows improved prediction accuracy compared both to physics-based or data-driven approaches separately.
Center for Clean Fuels and Power Generation (2012)

This project advanced the fundamental understanding and application of biofuels for use in internal combustion engines.
PreSET (2012)

Phase Change Memory (PCM) is a promising technology for building future main memory systems. A prominent characteristic of PCM is that it has write latency much higher than read latency. Servicing such slow writes causes significant contention for read requests. For our baseline PCM system, the slow writes increase the effective read latency by almost 2X, causing significant performance degradation. This paper alleviates the problem of slow writes by exploiting the fundamental property of PCM devices that writes are slow only in one direction (SET operation) and are almost as fast as reads in the other direction (RESET operation). Therefore, a write operation to a line in which all memory cells have been SET prior to the write, will incur much lower latency. We propose PreSET, an architectural technique that leverages this property to pro-actively SET all the bits in a given memory line well in advance of the anticipated write to that memory line. Our proposed design initiates a PreSET request for a memory line as soon as that line becomes dirty in the cache, thereby allowing a large window of time for the PreSET operation to complete. Our evaluations show that PreSET is more effective and incurs lower storage overhead than previously proposed write cancellation techniques. We also describe static and dynamic throttling schemes to limit the rate of PreSET operations. Our proposal reduces effective read latency from 982 cycles to 594 cycles and increases system performance by 34%, while improving the energy-delay-product by 25%.
Development of a High Intensity RFQ at JAERI (1997)

A radio frequency quadrupole linac (RFQ) was designed and constructed as R&D for the high intensity accelerator proposed by the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI). The RFQ was designed to accelerate 100 mA (peak) of protons to 2 MeV with a duty factor of 10%. The beam current, energy spectra, beam profile and emittance were measured during the beam tests and the results are compared with those of the beam simulation code. In the beam test, an accelerated current of 70 mA with a duty factor of 7% was achieved. This performance shows that the present RFQ is one of the most powerful RFQs in operation in the world.
Pseudopeptide TASP Inhibitors of HIV Entry Bind Specifically to a 95-kDa Cell Surface Protein (1997)

The template assembled synthetic peptide constructs (TASP), pentavalently presenting the tripeptide KPR or RPK, are potent and specific inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection by preventing viral entry into permissive cells. Here the 5[KPsi(CH2N)PR]-TASP construct, Psi(CH2N) for reduced peptide bond, was used in studies to demonstrate its specific binding to a 95-kDa cell surface protein ligand. Compared to its nonreduced 5[KPR]-TASP counterpart, the pseudopeptide 5[KPsi(CH2N)PR]-TASP manifested higher affinity to bind to its cell surface ligand, increased activity to inhibit HIV infection, and resistance to degradation when incubated in serum from an HIV-1 seropositive individual. In ligand blotting experiments, the biotin-labeled 5[KPsi(CH2N)PR]-TASP identified a single 95-kDa protein in crude cell extracts. This 95-kDa protein (p95) is expressed on the cell surface since surface iodination of cells resulted in its labeling, and moreover, following incubation of cells with the biotin-labeled 5[KPsi(CH2N)PR]-TASP, the p95.TASP complex was recovered by affinity chromatography using avidin-agarose. All anti-HIV TASP constructs but not their control derivatives affected the binding of biotin-labeled 5[KPsi(CH2N)PR]-TASP to p95, thus emphasizing the specific nature of this binding. Since 5[KPsi(CH2N)PR]-TASP does not interact with HIV-envelope glycoproteins, our results suggest that TASP inhibitors mediate directly or indirectly a block in HIV-mediated membrane fusion process by binding to the cell surface expressed p95.
Significance of filamin A in mTORC2 function in glioblastoma (2015)

Our results support FLNA as a new downstream effector of mTORC2 controlling GBM cell motility. This new mTORC2-FLNA signaling pathway plays important roles in motility and invasion of glioblastoma cells.
A 7-bit 1.5-GS/s time-interleaved SAR ADC with dynamic track-and-hold amplifier (2011)

This paper presents a 7-bit 1.5-GS/s time-interleaved (TI) SAR ADC. The scheme achieves better isolation between channels thanks to embedding a track-and-hold (T/H) amplifier and reference voltage buffer in each channel. The proposed dynamic T/H amplifier enables high-speed, low-power operation. The prototype is fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS technology. The total active area is 0.14mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and the ADC consumes 36mW from a 1.2-V supply. The measured results show the peak spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) and signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratio (SNDR) are 52.4 dB and 39.6 dB, respectively, and an Figure of Merit (FoM) of 300 fJ/conv. is achieved.
Decision Platform for Pattern Discovery and Causal Effect Estimation in Contraceptive Discontinuation (2020)

Contraceptive use improves the health of women and children in several ways, yet data shows high rates of discontinuation which is not well understood. We introduce an AI-based decision platform capable of analyzing event data to identify patterns of contraceptive uptake that are unique to a subpopulation of interest. These discriminatory patterns provide valuable, interpretable insights to policy-makers. The sequences then serve as a hypothesis for downstream causal analysis to estimate the effect of specific variables on discontinuation outcomes. Our platform presents a way to visualize, stratify, compare, and perform a causal analysis on covariates that determine contraceptive uptake behavior, and yet is general enough to be extended to a variety of applications.
The impact of time from diagnosis to treatment in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (2018)

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a high-grade lymphoma that requires treatment. We retrospectively analyzed the impact of time from diagnosis-to-treatment (TDT) on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in 581 R-CHOP-treated patients. TDT was defined as the interval between diagnostic biopsy date and day 1 R-CHOP. Cox regression showed stage 3-4 disease (p = .01) and longer TDT (HR 1.13, p =.031) were associated with shorter OS. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group ≥2 (p = .02), stage 3-4 disease (p < .001), and longer TDT (HR 1.12, p = .028) predicted shorter PFS. The significant interactions between TDT with lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and with disease stage prompted separate analyses in high versus normal LDH, and stage 3-4 versus 1-2 disease. Longer TDT was associated with shortened PFS and OS only with advanced stage, and, if high LDH was present. Treatment should be started as early as possible for high-tumor burden disease. Delaying treatment in patients with early stage or low LDH does not seem harmful.
SystemC-AMS modeling and simulation of digitally controlled DC-DC converters (2010)

In this paper, an innovative method to model and simulate DC-DC converters with a digital or mixed-signal control loop is proposed using the SystemC-AMS hardware-description language. The proposed method was employed to model a specific test case, consisting of a Buck converter with a digital PID regulator. The reliability of the model was checked by comparing the results with MATLAB/Simulink simulations. The SystemC-AMS approach was found to be well suited to model the proposed system and very efficient from a computational point of view, since the simulation time can be strongly reduced with respect to other solutions (e.g. MATLAB/Simulink).
Time-varying complementary filtering for attitude estimation (2011)

Complementary filtering (CF) is a well known method that can effectively fuse a gyroscope and accelerometer measurement in order to robustly estimate the attitude of a rigid body in a planar single degree of freedom (DOF) setting. The attitude can be estimated individually by either integrating the gyroscope measurement or by calculating the inverse tangent of the components of a 2-axis accelerometer. The gyroscope can adequately estimate the angle in the higher frequency region, but suffers from drift issues at low frequency, whereas the accelerometer can accurately measure the acceleration and thus direction of gravity, but loses this accuracy when faced with motion accelerations. CF traditionally uses linear time invariant filters, however, this paper presents an extension to the CF method by proposing time-varying parameters. A fuzzy logic method is developed to adjust the parameters. Stability analysis as well as experimental results are presented to verify the proposed method.
Etheric C–O Bond Hydrogenolysis Using a Tandem Lanthanide Triflate/Supported Palladium Nanoparticle Catalyst System (2012)

Selective hydrogenolysis of cyclic and linear ether C-O bonds is accomplished by a tandem catalytic system consisting of lanthanide triflates and sinter-resistant supported palladium nanoparticles in an ionic liquid. The lanthanide triflates catalyze endothermic dehydroalkoxylation, while the palladium nanoparticles hydrogenate the resulting intermediate alkenols to afford saturated alkanols with high overall selectivity. The catalytic C-O hydrogenolysis is shown to have significant scope, and the C-O bond cleavage is turnover-limiting.
Study of efficient sonochemical reaction by focused ultrasound (2003)

Efficient methods of inducing sonochemical reactions with focused ultrasound produced with phased array transducers are described. One method uses periodic switching between clockwise and counterclockwise spiral focal fields, and the other uses superimposition of the second harmonic wave. Sonochemically induced oxidation of iodide ion was used to evaluate the efficiency of these methods. The first method exhibited about ten times higher oxidation rate at the optimum switching period (3 ms) than the conventional CW insonation. The second can drastically decrease the ultrasound intensity threshold for the sonochemical reaction and exhibited an even higher reaction rate than the first method.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Switchable mirrors based on nickel–magnesium films (2001)

An electrochromic mirror electrode based on reversible uptake of hydrogen in nickel magnesium alloy films is reported. Thin, magnesium-rich Ni–Mg films prepared on glass substrates by co-sputtering from Ni and Mg targets are mirror-like in appearance and have low visible transmittance. Upon exposure to hydrogen gas or on cathodic polarization in alkaline electrolyte, the films take up hydrogen and become transparent. When hydrogen is removed, the mirror properties are recovered. The transition is believed to result from reversible formation of Mg2NiH4 and MgH2. A thin overlayer of palladium was found to enhance the kinetics of hydrogen insertion and extraction, and to protect the metal surface against oxidation.
Self-assembly of robust gold nanoparticle monolayer architectures for quantitative protein interaction analysis by LSPR spectroscopy (2020)

Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) detection offers highly sensitive label-free detection of biomolecular interactions. Simple and robust surface architectures compatible with real-time detection in a flow-through system are required for broad application in quantitative interaction analysis. Here, we established self-assembly of a functionalized gold nanoparticle (AuNP) monolayer on a glass substrate for stable, yet reversible immobilization of Histidine-tagged proteins. To this end, one-step coating of glass substrates with poly-L-lysine graft poly(ethylene glycol) functionalized with ortho-pyridyl disulfide (PLL-PEG-OPSS) was employed as a reactive, yet biocompatible monolayer to self-assemble AuNP into a LSPR active monolayer. Site-specific, reversible immobilization of His-tagged proteins was accomplished by coating the AuNP monolayer with tris-nitrilotriacetic acid (trisNTA) PEG disulfide. LSPR spectroscopy detection of protein binding on these biocompatible functionalized AuNP monolayers confirms high stability under various harsh analytical conditions. These features were successfully employed to demonstrate unbiased kinetic analysis of cytokine-receptor interactions. Graphical abstract.
Adsorption and Desorption of Dibutyl Phthalate on Si Surface Measured in Controlled Atmosphere using Quartz Crystal Microbalance Method (2004)

The adsorption of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) molecules on the surface of Si was studied using a highly sensitive quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and new sliding chamber system, and using the accurate decomposition analysis of the decay curve method. It has been understood that the DBP molecules are adsorbed on the Si surface at three different kinds of adsorption sites that require different desorption energies; two of the three are in equilibrium with the DBP molecular density in the vapor phase, one being a site that has a 400 s desorption time constant at 23°C which seems to be the isolated admolecules, and the other site has a 1900 s desorption time constant which seems to be the cohesion of the admolecules. The third site is a site that has an 18000 s desorption time constant that seems to be restricted by something on the surface, such as an atomic terrace edge or crystal defect.
P‐111: Novel Electrowetting Displays (2007)

Abstract Novel Displays have been developed using the effect of moving a droplet by electrowetting. This approach enables bi‐stable and high reflective monochrome and color displays which could also be made on plastic substrates. Prototypes show promising performance in terms of contrast ratio, gray scale and color.
Crossed-beam study of the reactions H/sub 3//sup +/(Ar,H/sub 2/)ArH/sup +/ and ArH/sup +/(H/sub 2/,Ar)H/sub 3//sup +/. [0. 18 ti 9. 7 eV] (1977)

The dynamics of the reactions H/sub 3//sup +/(Ar,H/sub 2/)ArH/sup +/ and ArH/sup +/(H/sub 2/,Ar)H/sub 3//sup +/ were studied over the initial relative translational energy from 0.87 to 9.7 eV and from 0.18 to 6.7 eV, respectively. The reactions were found to proceed via direct mechanisms at all energies studied. Energy data are presented that suggest H/sub 3//sup +/ is not rapidly relaxed vibrationally upon collision with H/sub 2/ as previously thought. Rather than being relaxed within a few collisions, the lower vibrational states probably are relaxed with a rate constant on the order of 10/sup -12/ cm/sup 3/ molecule/sup -1/xsec/sup -1/.
Evidence that the Cytoskeleton Plays a Key Role in Cell Adhesion (1987)

A range of pharmacological agents with defined effects on cell metabolism was used to determine the metabolic requirements of three cell adhesion systems: aggregation of cells from the sponge, Ophlitaspongia tenuis; fibronectin-induced adhesion of fibroblasts to substrata and an in vitro murine thymocyte-macrophage interaction. Cell adhesion in all three systems was found to have similar metabolic requirements, implying that the mechanism of cell adhesion has been conserved through evolution. In fact, based on analysis of F-actin organization in fibroblasts, all of the pharmacological agents that inhibited cell adhesion were found to disrupt the cytoskeleton, suggesting that the cytoskeleton plays a central role in the adhesion process, presumably via redistribution of cell surface molecules. This concept was supported by the finding that the same drugs that inhibited cell adhesion inhibited anti-Ig-induced redistribution of surface Ig on B lymphocytes. The drug inhibition studies also revealed that two drugs, bromophenacyl bromide (BPB) and nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), that were previously believed to be selective inhibitors of arachidonic acid synthesis and metabolism, are also potent disruptors of the cytoskeleton.
1α,25‐Dihydroxyvitamin D3 directly induces fusion of alveolar macrophages by a mechanism involving RNA and protein synthesis, but not DNA synthesis (1984)

The results of our present study indicate that 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3[1 alpha, 25(OH)2D3] directly induces fusion of mouse alveolar macrophages without any participation of T-lymphocytes by a mechanism involving RNA and protein synthesis but not DNA synthesis. We have reported that 1 alpha, 25(OH)2D3 induces fusion of alveolar macrophages by a direct mechanism and by a spleen cell-mediated indirect mechanism [(1983) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80, 5583-5587]. Alveolar macrophages pretreated with or without anti-Thy 1.2 antibody and complement fused similarly when they were incubated with 1 alpha, 25(OH)2D3. The vitamin suppressed DNA synthesis, but it significantly enhanced RNA and protein synthesis. The 1 alpha, 25(OH)2D3-induced fusion was blocked by adding actinomycin D or cycloheximide, but not by hydroxyurea.
Managing File Subsystem Data Streams for Databases on Networked Systems (1996)

One important activity for networked database systems that distribute data across several workstations is moving data between the file and network subsystems. It is possible to create data streams in the operating system kernel. If provided on a system, they allow user level processes to request transfer of data without having to copy it into the user space. This is particularly useful for data whose content or format is not modified during the transfer. In this paper we present a conservative criterion for access and control for the management of such data streams for databases in a networked environment, and define the implementation requirements for achieving the criterion. The approach is to maintain at least the current level of access management. We define the specific implementation semantics that this criterion entails.
Mobile Lattice-Coded Physical-Layer Network Coding With Practical Channel Alignment (2016)

Physical-layer network coding (PNC) is a communications paradigm that exploits overlapped transmissions to boost the throughput of wireless relay networks. A high point of PNC research was a theoretical proof that PNC that makes use of lattice codes could approach the information-theoretic capacity of a two-way relay network (TWRN), where two end nodes communicate via a relay node. The capacity cannot be achieved by conventional methods of time-division or straightforward network coding. Many practical challenges, however, remain to be addressed before the full potential of lattice-coded PNC can be realized. Two major challenges are: for good performance in lattice-coded PNC, channels of simultaneously transmitting nodes must be aligned; for lattice-coded PNC to be practical, the complexity of lattice encoding at the transmitters and lattice decoding at the receiver must be reduced. We address these challenges and implement a first lattice-coded PNC system on a software-defined radio platform. Specifically, we design and implement a low-overhead channel precoding system that accurately aligns the channels of distributed nodes. In our implementation, the nodes only use low-cost temperature-compensated oscillators---a consequent challenge is that the channel alignment must be done more frequently and more accurately compared with the use of expensive oscillators. The low overhead and accurate channel alignment are achieved by (1)a channel precoding system implemented over FPGA to realize fast feedback of channel state information; (2)a highly-accurate carrier frequency offset estimation method; and (3)a partial-feedback channel estimation method that significantly reduces the feedback information from the receiver to the transmitters for channel precoding at the transmitters. To reduce lattice encoding and decoding complexities, we adapt the low-density lattice code for use in PNC systems.