gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Single-agent activity of the anti-GD2 antibody dinutuximab beta given as a long-term infusion in relapsed and refractory neuroblastoma (APN311-304). (2023)

10034 Background: Severe pain is a common side effect associated with short-term infusions of anti-GD 2 antibodies in combination with cytokines and isotretinoin and was reduced by the long-term infusison (LTI) strategy. We investigated efficacy and tolerability of a single-agent dinutuximab beta (DB)-LTI in patients with primary refractory or relapsed (R/R) stage 4 neuroblastoma (NB). Methods: Patients with R/R-NB were enrolled into an open label phase II trial. Previous anti-GD2 antibody therapies were allowed, if anti-DB antibody could not be detected. Patients received 5 cycles of DB-LTI (100 mg/m 2 /10 days). The primary endpoint was objective INRC response 24 weeks after the end of cycle 5. A sample size of 40 patients provides at least 80% power to reject the null hypothesis of an objective response in &lt; 10% of patients if the true objective response rate observed was 25% (overall 1-sided significance level 0.05, exact binomial test). Secondary endpoints included safety, morphine use, best response and duration of response, pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics, 3-year progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: 40 patients were treated and 38 patients had evaluable response. The objective response rate 24 weeks after the end of cycle 5 was 26% (10/38) (CR/PR) (p = 0.0034) and 32% (12/38) (CR/PR/MR), with a higher response rate in refractory vs. relapsed patients (50% vs 25%; p = 0.0159). The best response rate was 53% (20/38). Of 14 patients with bone marrow involvement, 13 patients responded (93%) (12 CR, 1 PR). The median duration of response (CR/PR) was 238 days (95% CI [108-290d]). The 3-year probability of PFS was 31% (95% CI [0.17–0.47]) and of OS was 66% (95% CI [0.47–0.79]). Survival was higher for patients with refractory compared to relapsed disease (PFS 47% vs 19%, OS 93% vs 50%; p = 0.015). Grade 3 treatment emergent adverse events (TEAE) were pain (18%), diarrhea (5%), and hypokalemia (5%) and grade 3 hypotension, capillary leak and neurotoxicity were not observed. In patients who experienced pain, mean pain scores (scale 0–10, where 0 is no pain) were low and decreased between cycles 1 and 2: pain score at rest decreased from 1.01 to 0.30, and at stress from 1.45 to 0.28. There were no grade 4 or 5 TEAEs. The morphine usage decreased from cycle 2 to 5 (C2 95%; C3 12%; C4 0%; C5 0%). DB peak serum concentration in cycle 1 was 10.8±0.7 µg/ml and patients showed 7- and 11-fold increase of antibody-dependent cell-mediated (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), respectively. Anti-DB antibodies were found in 24% of patients. There was no association and no trend between exposure to DB (area under the curve, peak ot trough level) and response rate or survival in this cohort. Conclusions: Single-agent treatment with single agent dinutuximab beta given as long LTI without cytokines and without isotretinoin is effective and highly tolerable in R/R-NB. Clinical trial information: NCT02743429 .
Advanced polychromator systems for remote chemical sensing (LDRD project 52575). (2005)

The objective of this LDRD project was to develop a programmable diffraction grating fabricated in SUMMiT V{trademark}. Two types of grating elements (vertical and rotational) were designed and demonstrated. The vertical grating element utilized compound leveraged bending and the rotational grating element used vertical comb drive actuation. This work resulted in two technical advances and one patent application. Also a new optical configuration of the Polychromator was demonstrated. The new optical configuration improved the optical efficiency of the system without degrading any other aspect of the system. The new configuration also relaxes some constraint on the programmable diffraction grating.
Figure S4 from Computational Staining of Pathology Images to Study the Tumor Microenvironment in Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure S4 Whole-slide image nuclei segmentation and classification by HD-Staining model.&lt;/p&gt;
Synthesis and Biological Activity of Photopolymerizable Derivatives of Glyphosate (2007)

The synthesis of new acrylate and methacrylate derivatives of a glyphosate is reported. Two isomers resulting from a hindered rotation around the amide C--N bond are observed for both acrylic and methacrylic analogs, and barriers for internal rotation are obtained. Biological activity tests indicate that functionalized glyphosates possess herbicidal activity similar to that of the parent compound. Only the acrylated glyphosate derivatives undergo photopolymerization. The resulting photopolymer of acrylated glyphosate retains the biological activity. The methacrylated glyphosates are unreactive. Differential reactivity is explained by the different conformational preferences of the functionalized glyphosates. The experimental findings are supported by the results of density functional theory geometry optimizations.
Mechanism of tailored magnetic anisotropy in amorphous Co68Fe24Zr8 thin films (2014)

The mechanism of tailored magnetic anisotropy in amorphous Co68Fe24Zr8 thin films was investigated by ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) on samples deposited without an applied magnetic field, with an out-of-plane field and an in-plane field. Analysis of FMR spectra profiles, high frequency susceptibility calculations, and statistical simulations using a distribution of local uniaxial magnetic anisotropy reveal the presence of atomic configurations with local uniaxial anisotropy, of which the direction can be tailored while the magnitude remains at an intrinsically constant value of 3.0(2) kJ/m3. The in-plane growth field remarkably sharpens the anisotropy distribution and increases the sample homogeneity. The results benefit designing multilayer spintronic devices based on highly homogeneous amorphous layers with tailored magnetic anisotropy.
Association of COVID-19 Vaccinations With Intensive Care Unit Admissions and Outcome of Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia in Lombardy, Italy (2022)

In this cohort study, mRNA and adenoviral vector vaccines were associated with significantly lower risk of ICU admission for COVID-19 pneumonia. ICU and hospital mortality were not associated with vaccinated status. These findings suggest a substantial reduction of the risk of developing COVID-19-related severe acute respiratory failure requiring ICU admission among vaccinated people.
Techniques for Designing Stable Flat-Foldable Wood Furniture (2022)

Abstract In this paper we develop techniques for designing stable flat-foldable wooden furniture. Thickness-accommodation techniques used to enable folding of origami from thick materials are shown to also be applicable to wood. Specifically, wood may be used in (and is stable in) the unique load-bearing conditions of vertical lamina emergent torsional (LET) joints and arrays and angled-from-vertical modified origami tessellations, which utilize membrane joints to accommodate thickness. We present and analyze data for LET arrays of various heights in compression. In addition to being unique in load-bearing conditions, the presented structures are unique in that they are collapsible and deployable and fold from their deployed state to a completely flat state. The viability of using LET arrays as load-supporting joints — both in vertical and horizontal orientations — is also discussed. We present a design for a deployable stool and chair which gain their movement from carefully-placed LET joints and may be manufactured with a CNC mill from a single sheet of plywood. A design for a deployable chair based on an origami tessellation is also presented, which consists of six wooden panels cut on a CNC mill, and has a comparatively small surface area in its flat-folded state and may thus be more easily transported.
Optimization of Protein Fusion Partner Length for Maximizing in Vitro Translation of Peptides (2007)

Using protein fusion partners for in vitro translation may increase solubility, assist in purification, or allow detection of small proteins and peptides. Here we show that the molar yield of peptide in a batch reaction may be maximized by optimizing the length of the translated product, which is composed of the fusion partner plus the peptide. Using truncated versions of GFP as a series of fusion partners, the molar yield increased approximately 3-fold as the length of the translated product was reduced from 250 to 100 amino acids. When the translated product was shortened below roughly 100 amino acids, molar yield fell as a result of proteolysis. This trend was verified using two fusion partners with different amino acid sequences. Furthermore, protease inhibitors were used to confirm that proteases were responsible for limiting accumulation of peptides below the optimal length.
Affinity‐Based Labeling of Cytohesins with a Bifunctional SecinH3 Photoaffinity Probe (2008)

The specific binding of the cytohesin inhibitor SecinH3 to Sec7 domains of cytohesins was shown by the use of a bifunctional photoaffinity probe (see structure) on guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPases. This probe should be useful for the proteome-wide profiling of cytohesin complexes and the identification of the binding site. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Labels Are Not Perfect: Inferring Spatial Uncertainty in Object Detection (2020)

The availability of many real-world driving datasets is a key reason behind the recent progress of object detection algorithms in autonomous driving. However, there exist ambiguity or even failures in object labels due to error-prone annotation process or sensor observation noise. Current public object detection datasets only provide deterministic object labels without considering their inherent uncertainty, as does the common training process or evaluation metrics for object detectors. As a result, an in-depth evaluation among different object detection methods remains challenging, and the training process of object detectors is sub-optimal, especially in probabilistic object detection. In this work, we infer the uncertainty in bounding box labels from LiDAR point clouds based on a generative model, and define a new representation of the probabilistic bounding box through a spatial uncertainty distribution. Comprehensive experiments show that the proposed model reflects complex environmental noises in LiDAR perception and the label quality. Furthermore, we propose Jaccard IoU (JIoU) as a new evaluation metric that extends IoU by incorporating label uncertainty. We conduct an in-depth comparison among several LiDAR-based object detectors using the JIoU metric. Finally, we incorporate the proposed label uncertainty in a loss function to train a probabilistic object detector and to improve its detection accuracy. We verify our proposed methods on two public datasets (KITTI, Waymo), as well as on simulation data. Code is released at https://bit.ly/2W534yo.
Ultra Sonic Sensor Based Blind Spot Accident Prevention System (2008)

A blind spot detection device for protection against misshapenness such as automobiles collisions, obstacles, and accident that leads to great loss of human lives and can have disastrous results.Technology used for this purpose worked by detecting the other automobiles, obstacles and bystanders. Upon detecting, the device triggers a timer that delays the activation of alarm circuitry for a brief period of time.This time delay is instituted to minimize the triggers of nuisance alarm by a momentary intrusion in the hazard zone. If the obstacle’s presence is still detected after the delay time, LED's and audible alarms are triggered to alert the system operator of the dangerous situation. The alarms remain activated for a time period, allowing the operator to clear the hazard zone.
A collaborative study to establish the 1st WHO International Standard for human cytomegalovirus for nucleic acid amplification technology (2016)

Variability in the performance of nucleic acid amplification technology (NAT)-based assays presents a significant problem in the diagnosis and management of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infections. Here we describe a collaborative study to evaluate the suitability of candidate reference materials to harmonize HCMV viral load measurements in a wide range of NAT assays. Candidate materials comprised lyophilized Merlin virus, liquid Merlin virus, liquid AD169 virus, and purified HCMV Merlin DNA cloned into a bacterial artificial chromosome. Variability in the laboratory mean HCMV concentrations determined for virus samples across the different assays was 2 log10. Variability for the purified DNA sample was higher (>3 log10). The agreement between laboratories was markedly improved when the potencies of the liquid virus samples were expressed relative to the lyophilized virus candidate. In contrast, the agreement between laboratories for the purified DNA sample was not improved. Results indicated the suitability of the lyophilized Merlin virus preparation as the 1st WHO International Standard for HCMV for NAT. It was established in October 2010, with an assigned potency of 5 × 10(6) International Units (IU) (NIBSC code 09/162). It is intended to be used to calibrate secondary references, used in HCMV NAT assays, in IU.
Nahrungsinhaltsstoffe: Chemorezeptor-vermitteltes pharmakonutritives Potenzial (2022)

Auch Zellen und Gewebe außerhalb des Mundraumes verfügen über Chemorezeptoren, die normalerweise mit bitter, süß oder scharf schmeckenden Lebensmittelinhaltsstoffen interagieren. Da wir aber weder mit Organen wie dem Magen oder Darm im eigentlichen Sinne „schmecken“, stellt sich die Frage, welche Aufgaben Chemorezeptoren dort erfüllen.
New Arylether Substituted Diacetylenes as Monomers for Solid State Polymerizations. Stable Free Radicals as Side Groups. (1988)

Abstract Some diacetylenes (DA's) of general structure R-C≡C-C≡C-R' (R identical to or different from R') polymerize in the solid state to give fully conjugated eneyne polymer chains. Although several types of side groups have been extensively examined, there are few polymerization examples of aryloxymethyl substituted diacetylenes: ArOCH2-C≡C-C≡C-CH2OAr' [Ar≠Ar' (1); Ar=Ar', (2)]. Aromatic chlorosubstitution has proven to be an excellent device in crystal engineering favouring certain topochemical reactions. As a combination of these factors, a new synthesis and some preliminar polymerization results of halo-substituted DA's of types 1 and 2 are here presented. The packing parameters of two new DA's are given and compared to the known aryloximethyl DA's. In connection with the possibility of achieving long range magnetic ordering in an organic molecule, a diradical, DA, of type 2, where Ar is a polychlorinated triphenylmethyl radical substituent, has been prepared and its magnetic properties studied.
Ion Exchange Processes and Environmental Effects in Chromophoric Self-Assembled Superlattices. Manipulation of Microstructure and Large Enhancements in Nonlinear Optical Response (1994)

This contribution reports on the anion exchange characteristics of self-assembled monolayers composed of high-β stilbazolium chloride moieties as assessed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, optical spectroscopy, and polarized second harmonic generation (SHG) spectroscopy. At moderate chromophore surface coverages (~1 × 10<sup>14</sup> molecules/cm<sup>2</sup>) in acetonitrile or methanol, replacement of ~60% of the Cl-counterions by I-, р-aminobenzenesulfonate, or 4-[4-[(diethylamino)phenyl]azo]benzenesulfonate (ethyl orange) is observed. However, negligible exchange is detected at higher chromophore surface coverages (≥2 × 10<sup>14</sup> molecules/cm<sup>2</sup>) or when the monolayer is functionalized with a siloxane overlayer. Polarized SHG measurements at 1064 nm reveal ion exchange-induced increases in χ<sub>zzz</sub><sup>(2)</sup> of 34%, 25%, and 44% for I-, р-aminobenzenesulfonate, and ethyl orange, respectively. However, changes in the average chromophore orientation angle with respect to the surface normal are ≤2°, implicating changes in anion-cation pairing as the source of the large enhancements in χ<sub>zzz</sub><sup>(2)</sup>.
39.2: Invited Paper : Stimuli‐Responsive Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Composites for Optics and Photonics (2014)

Abstract Stimuli‐induced control of the reflection notch of cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) is potentially useful in optics, photonics, and displays. This report briefly reviews and describes a series of related results in which we have observed symmetric bandwidth broadening and reflection notch tuning in polymer stabilized CLCs (PSCLCs) upon application of a DC field. The electro‐optic responses are typically observed in the presence of polymer stabilization, in formulations based on negative dielectric liquid crystals hosts, and when subjected to DC field.
Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of Indazoles with a C3-Quaternary Chiral Center Using CuH Catalysis (2019)

&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;C3-substituted 1H-indazoles are useful and important substructures in many pharmaceuticals. Methods for direct C3- functionalization of indazoles are relatively rare, compared to reactions developed for the more nucleophilic N1 and N2 positions. Herein, we report a highly C3-selective allylation reaction of 1H-N-(benzoyloxy)indazoles using CuH catalysis. A variety of C3-allyl 1H-indazoles with quaternary stereocenters were efficiently prepared with high levels of enantioselectivity. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest that the indazole addition to copper allyl complex proceeds through an enantioselectivity-determining six- membered Zimmerman-Traxler-type transition state. The enantioselectivity is governed both by the ligand-substrate steric interac- tions and the steric repulsions with the pseudoaxial substituent in the six-membered allylation transition state.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
In situ fabrication of porous-carbon-supported α-MnO2 nanorods at room temperature: application for rechargeable Li–O2 batteries (2012)

Lithium–O2 cells can be considered the “holy grail” of lithium batteries because they offer much superior theoretical energy density to conventional lithium-ion systems. In this study, porous carbon-supported MnO2 nanorods synthesized at room temperature were explored as an electrocatalyst for rechargeable Li–O2 cells. Both high-energy X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption fine-structure analyses showed that the prepared MnO2 exhibited a tetragonal crystal structure (α-MnO2), which has proved to be one of the most efficient catalysts to facilitate the charging of the Li–O2 cell. Under the current synthetic approach, α-MnO2 was uniformly distributed onto the surface of a carbon support, without disrupting the porous structure at the surface of the carbon cathode. As a result, the as-prepared catalysts demonstrated good electrochemical behavior, with a capacity of ∼1400 mA h g−1 (carbon + electrocatalyst) under a current density of 100 mA g−1 (carbon + electrocatalyst) during the initial discharge. The charge potential was significantly reduced, to 3.5–3.7 V, compared with most of the reported data, which are above 4.0 V. The mechanism of the capacity fade with cycling was also investigated by analyzing the cathode at different states of discharge–charge by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
The effect of variable flow oil pumps on vehicle fuel economy (2009)

A series of NEDC tests have been conducted to compare the relative performance of two designs of variable flow oil pump (VFOP) to the production oil pump on a modern HSDI Diesel engine. The first design offered a 3.4% saving in fuel consumption over a cold NEDC. The second design offered a 2.6% reduction. Transient tests showed that the second design exhibited better control to the desired 3bar pressure limit although both pumps demonstrated much improved gallery pressure control compared with the production system. The potential impact is considerable as the conventional IC engine is likely to be an important prime mover for decades to come, in both conventional and hybridised powertrains, and as such the improvement in vehicle pare fuel consumption that could be achieved by the widespread adoption of such technologies is a key aspect of meeting future CO2 targets.
Regulation of iron homeostasis by the hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs) (2007)

Iron is essential for many biological processes, including oxygen delivery, and its supply is tightly regulated. Hepcidin, a small peptide synthesized in the liver, is a key regulator of iron absorption and homeostasis in mammals. Hepcidin production is increased by iron overload and decreased by anemia and hypoxia; but the molecular mechanisms that govern the hepcidin response to these stimuli are not known. Here we establish that the von Hippel-Lindau/hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (VHL/HIF) pathway is an essential link between iron homeostasis and hepcidin regulation in vivo. Through coordinate downregulation of hepcidin and upregulation of erythropoietin and ferroportin, the VHL-HIF pathway mobilizes iron to support erythrocyte production.
Highly polarized photoluminescence and its dynamics in semipolar (202¯1¯) InGaN/GaN quantum well (2014)

Very high polarization degree of 0.98, considerably larger than theoretical predictions, has been measured in (202¯1¯) In0.24Ga0.76N/GaN quantum well by low temperature photoluminescence. With increasing temperature, the polarization degree decreases due to thermal population of the excited valence band level. This effect suggests an accurate method to determine the interlevel energy, which, for the studied well, is 32 meV. Time-resolved photoluminescence measurements set radiative recombination times between 2 and 12 ns for temperatures from 3 to 300 K. Nonradiative recombination was found to be slow, over 2 ns at 300 K, taking place via traps with activation energy of 0.19 eV.
Die komplexe Wechselwirkung von Genom und Umwelt (2010)

Im Hinblick auf die Entwicklung biologischer Individuen erfordert die Anerkennung ungeheurer Komplexität, nämlich der Vernetzung des genetischen Fundaments mit den zahlreichen prägenden Faktoren des natürlichen und sozialen Umfeldes eines Individuums. Dieser genetisch-epigenetische Ansatz wich ab der zweiten Hälfte der Siebzigerjahre dem Primat der Genetik, die um nahezu jeden Preis die Entwicklung des Körperbaus der Organismen, aber auch die Steuerung ihres Verhaltens auf das Genom reduzieren will.
Cerebral blood flow in Alzheimer&rsquo;s disease (2012)

These results indicate an association between brain hypoperfusion and the dementia of AD. Cardiovascular disease combined with brain hypoperfusion may participate in the pathogenesis/pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. Future longitudinal and larger-scale confirmatory investigations measuring multidomain parameters are warranted.