gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Decellularized Skin Extracellular Matrix (dsECM) Improves the Physical and Biological Properties of Fibrinogen Hydrogel for Skin Bioprinting Applications (2020)

Full-thickness skin wounds are a significant clinical burden in the United States. Skin bioprinting is a relatively new technology that is under investigation as a new treatment for full-thickness injuries, and development of hydrogels with strong physical and biological characteristics are required to improve both structural integrity of the printed constructs while allowing for a more normal extracellular matrix milieu. This project aims to evaluate the physical and biological characteristics of fibrinogen hydrogel supplemented with decellularized human skin-derived extracellular matrix (dsECM). The hybrid hydrogel improves the cell viability and structural strength of bioprinted skin constructs. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrates that the hybrid hydrogel is composed of both swelling bundles interlocked in a fibrin network, similar to healthy human skin. This hybrid hydrogel has improved rheological properties and shear thinning properties. Extrusion-based printing of the fibrinogen hydrogel + dsECM demonstrates significant improvement in crosshatch pore size. These findings suggest that incorporating the properties of dsECM and fibrinogen hydrogels will improve in vivo integration of the bioprinted skin constructs and support of healthy skin wound regeneration.
Comparison of shear-lag theory and continuum fracture mechanics for modeling fiber and matrix stresses in an elastic cracked composite lamina (1996)

This study analyzes fiber tensile and matrix shear stresses near the crack tip in a transversely cracked, unidirectional, fiber-reinforced lamina under a remote tensile stress applied in the fiber direction. The two-dimensional lamina consists of parallel, equally-spaced elastic fibers with elastic matrix in-between, and contains a row of up to a few hundred contiguous fiber breaks aligned transverse to the fiber direction forming a central transverse crack. Using the break-influence superposition (BIS) technique, a recently developed method for analyzing a shear-lag model first introduced by Hedgepeth, we calculate the tensile and shear stress concentrations in the fibers and matrix, respectively. These are compared to tensile and shear stresses calculated using Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) and the complete elasticity solution both for the continuum limit of a homogeneous, orthotropic elastic material with a transverse central crack loaded in Mode I. For the shear-lag model a critical scaling parameter for examining the stress behavior away from the crack tip along the fiber direction is √E∗/G∗, where E∗ and G∗ are composite in-plane stiffness constants along the fiber direction and in shear, respectively. In addition to these parameters, the LEFM and complete elasticity solutions also involve the effective transverse stiffness and Poisson's ratio. For a sizable crack (consisting of 100 or more fiber breaks), the fiber tensile stresses ahead of the crack tip along the crack plane calculated from the BIS approach achieve excellent agreement with the LEFM solution down to the scale of one fiber diameter and even better agreement with the complete solution both in the near crack tip field and far field, regardless of the composite stiffness constants. The profiles of the fiber tensile and matrix shear stresses along the fiber direction show generally good agreement, with the agreement improving as the composite stiffness transverse to the fiber direction grows.
Physical Property Change of FeOOH (  AD  ) 1 / 4 during Lithium Insertion and Extraction (1996)

The physical state changes of amorphous FeOOH incorporating aniline derivatives in the course of discharge and charge cycling were studied using electron spin resonance (ESR). Two peaks were observed for the ESR signal of , which were related to the radicals in the aniline derivative and electron spin of the iron ions. The electron spin concentrations corresponding to these peaks were estimated from the ESR signals. In the first discharge and charge cycle, the electron spin concentration for iron ions changed irreversibly. However, the change in the electron spin concentration for iron ions was reversible for the second and subsequent discharge and charge cycles. These findings clearly show that the irreversible physical property changes for take place during the first discharge. The electron spin concentration for the aniline derivatives also changed with the oxidation or reduction of iron ions in . This result suggests the presence of an electronic interaction between aniline derivatives and iron ions in .
Growth Factors and Corneal Endothelial Cells: II. Characterization of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor from Bovine Corneal Endothelial Cells (1992)

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a potent mitogen for corneal endothelial cells and may play a role in endothelial wound healing. To further characterize the interaction of EGF with endothelial cells, we measured biochemical parameters of 125I-EGF binding to cultured bovine corneal endothelial cells (BCEC), determined the pattern of EGF-induced protein phosphorylation, and investigated the influence of retinoic acid (RA) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) on EGF-induced DNA synthesis and receptor levels. Binding of 125I-EGF to BCEC was dependent on time, reaching a plateau after approximately 2 h at 37 degrees C, was specific for EGF, and had high affinity (Kd = 100 pM) with approximately 21,000 receptors per cell. Cellular substrates for the EGF receptor kinase, which may function as initial second messengers for EGF, were detected by autoradiography of sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels of 32P-labeled BCEC proteins. EGF stimulated phosphorylation of 170, 37, 21 and 20-kDa proteins. Addition of 1 nM, 100 nM, and 10 microM RA to BCEC cultured in serum-free medium for 24 h progressively inhibited DNA synthesis by up to 80% compared with control cultures. However, when added in combination with 5 nM EGF, 1 nM and 100 nM RA synergistically stimulated DNA synthesis by up to 80% above the level of EGF stimulation without altering EGF receptor levels or binding affinity. Thus, short-term exposure of BCEC to RA potentiated EGF-stimulated DNA synthesis, most likely by acting at a postreceptor step.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
ChemInform Abstract: Diverse Mechanistic Pathways and Selectivities in Organo‐f‐Element‐ Catalyzed Hydroamination. Intermolecular Organolanthanoid‐Catalyzed Alkyne and Alkene Hydroamination. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Perioperative Procalcitonin in Predicting Infection in Children Undergoing Surgical Procedures (2020)

BackgroundProcalcitonin (PCT) is a biomarker of bacterial infections with more sensitivity and specificity than commonly used inflammatory markers. PCT can be particularly helpful in the postsurgical population where the surgery itself often leads to noninfectious inflammation. We aimed to examine the utility of perioperative profiles of PCT in predicting infection in two pediatric surgical populations.MethodsWe conducted a prospective observational study of perioperative PCT in children undergoing cardiac or neurosurgery. Consenting patients with no preoperative infection or immune deficiency were enrolled. We measured plasma PCT levels within 24 h preprocedure and 24-48 h postprocedure. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected from the medical records including clinical suspicion and confirmed infections. Perioperative PCT changes and their associations with these data are reported.ResultsWe enrolled 26 neuro and 15 cardiac surgery patients. There was postoperative clinical suspicion of infection in 3 neuro and 5 cardiac patients, and 1 neuro and 2 cardiac patients had subsequently confirmed infections. Cardiac patients had higher overall perioperative PCT increase than neuro cohort (P = 0.006). Neuro patient with infection had higher perioperative change in PCT (0.5 to 1.4 ng/mL) than noninfected neurosurgery patients. Cardiac patients with confirmed infections had higher postoperative levels which exceeded the previously described infection threshold of 2 ng/mL.ConclusionsPCT is a useful early biomarker of postoperative infection in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac and neurosurgery. Patients who underwent cardiac surgery have significantly higher perioperative PCT rise than patients who underwent neurosurgery, and all patients with subsequently confirmed infections had at least 2-fold perioperative PCT increase.
Protonation Studies of Molybdenum(VI) Nitride Complexes That Contain the [2,6-(ArNCH2)2NC5H3]2– Ligand (Ar = 2,6-Diisopropylphenyl) (2019)

[Ar<sub>2</sub>N<sub>3</sub>]Mo(N)(O- t-Bu) (1), which contains the conformationally rigid pyridine-based diamido ligand [2,6-(ArNCH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>NC<sub>5</sub>H<sub>3</sub>]<sup>2-</sup> (Ar = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl), is a catalyst for the reduction of dinitrogen with protons and electrons. Various acids have been added in order to explore where and how the first proton adds to the complex. The addition of adamantol to 1 produces a five-coordinate bis(adamantoxide), [HAr<sub>2</sub>N<sub>3</sub>]Mo(N)(OAd)<sub>2</sub> (2a), in which one of the amido nitrogens in the ligand has been protonated and the resulting aniline nitrogen in the [HAr<sub>2</sub>N<sub>3</sub>]<sup>-</sup> ligand is not bound to the metal. The addition of [Ph<sub>2</sub>NH<sub>2</sub>][OTf] to 1 produces {[HAr<sub>2</sub>N<sub>3</sub>]Mo(N)(O- t-Bu)}(OTf) (3), in which an amido nitrogen has been protonated, but the aniline in the [HAr<sub>2</sub>N<sub>3</sub>]<sup>-</sup> ligand remains bound to the metal. Last, the addition of (2,6-lutidinium)BAr<sup>F</sup><sub>4</sub> (BAr<sup>F</sup><sub>4</sub> = {B(3,5-(CF<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>}<sup>-</sup>) to 1 yields {[Ar<sub>2</sub>N<sub>3</sub>]Mo(N)(LutH)(O- t-Bu)}BAr<sup>F</sup><sub>4</sub>, in which LutH<sup>+</sup> is hydrogen-bonded to the nitride in the solid state and in dichloromethane with K<sub>eq</sub> = 412 ± 94 and Δ G = -3.6 ± 0.8 kcal at 22 °C. A similar hydrogen-bonded adduct was formed through the addition of (2-methylpyridinium)BAr<sup>F</sup><sub>4</sub> to 1, but the addition of (pyridinium)BAr<sup>F</sup><sub>4</sub> to 1 leads to the formation of (inter alia) {[HAr<sub>2</sub>N<sub>3</sub>]Mo(N)(O- t-Bu)}(BAr<sup>F</sup><sub>4</sub>), in which the amide nitrogen has been protonated. The addition of cobaltocene to 3 or {[Ar<sub>2</sub>N<sub>3</sub>]Mo(N)(LutH)(O- t-Bu)}(BAr<sup>F</sup><sub>4</sub>) leads only to the re-formation of 1. X-ray structural studies were carried out on 2a, 3, and {[Ar<sub>2</sub>N<sub>3</sub>]Mo(N)(LutH)(O- t-Bu)}(BAr<sup>F</sup><sub>4</sub>).
Evidence of T-helper cell 2 cytokine regulation of chronic otitis media with effusion (2005)

Cytokine and cellular patterns of effusions may reflect stages of middle ear inflammation. The local interplay between IL-2 and -4 is likely to play a crucial role in the switching of inflammation in the chronic stage. The T-helper cell 2 (Th2) cytokines IL-4, -5 and -13 and the Th2/Th1 cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) regulate the cellular and molecular processes of chronic inflammation in the middle ear and therefore the chronic condition of otitis media with effusion (OME). Early identification of the cytokine and cellular patterns of effusions can be helpful in directing the clinical treatment of OME.We hypothesized that IL-2 and the group of Th2 cytokines regulate chronic inflammation in the middle ear and chronic OME. Effusions from children with persistent OME were analysed to determine the presence of cytokines (the Th1 cytokine IL-2, the Th2 cytokines IL-4, -5 and -13 and the Th1/Th2 cytokine GM-CSF), inflammatory cells (CD4+ T cells, eosinophils, macrophages and neutrophils) and mucin. Cytokines were evaluated by means of a quantitative "sandwich"-type ELISA, inflammatory cells by means of alkaline phosphatase-anti-alkaline phosphatase immunocytostaining and mucin by means of a modified periodic acid-Schiff method based on a slot-blot technique. The cytokine pattern in effusions varied from patient to patient. GM-CSF correlated positively and IL-4 inversely with IL-2 and the increased level of IL-4 may have had an inhibitory effect on IL-2. IL-5 and -13 correlated with IL-4. Inflammatory cells correlated with cytokines as follows: CD4+ T cells with IL-2 and -4; macrophages and neutrophils with GM-CSF; and eosinophils with IL-5. Some cytokine-cellular correlations in effusions were reflected at the clinical level. The mucin content of effusions correlated with the concentrations of IL-4 (>10 pg/ml) and -13, suggesting involvement of IL-4 and -13 in upregulation of the middle ear mucin metabolism.
Multifilter phase imaging with partially coherent light (2014)

A novel quantitative phase imaging method is shown to estimate phase accurately over a wide range of length scales using Köhler illumination from an extended incoherent source. The method is based on estimating the longitudinal intensity derivative in the transport-of-intensity equation via convolution with multiple Savitzky-Golay differentiation filters and generalizes methods previously developed for coherent imaging to the practical scenario of partially coherent imaging. The resulting noise and resolution performance are evaluated via numerical simulation and demonstrated experimentally using a blazed transmission grating as well as a single-mode fiber as test objects.
Potent and broad neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) including omicron sub-lineages BA.1 and BA.2 by biparatopic human VH domains (2022)

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) requires the development&#13;\nof next-generation biologics with high neutralization breadth. Here, we&#13;\ncharacterized a human VH domain, F6, which we generated by sequentially&#13;\npanning large phage-displayed VH libraries against receptor binding domains&#13;\n(RBDs) containing VOC mutations. Cryo-EM analyses reveal that F6 has a unique&#13;\nbinding mode that spans a broad surface of the RBD and involves the antibody&#13;\nframework region. Attachment of an Fc region to a fusion of F6 and ab8, a previously&#13;\ncharacterized VH domain, resulted in a construct (F6-ab8-Fc) that broadly&#13;\nand potently neutralized VOCs including Omicron. Additionally, prophylactic&#13;\ntreatment using F6-ab8-Fc reduced live Beta (B.1.351) variant viral titers in the&#13;\nlungs of a mouse model. Our results provide a new potential therapeutic against&#13;\nSARS-CoV-2 variants including Omicron and highlight a vulnerable epitope within&#13;\nthe spike that may be exploited to achieve broad protection against circulating&#13;\nvariants.
Prediction of permanent pacemaker implantation after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: The role of machine learning (2023)

The GBM model has good discrimination and calibration in identifying patients at high risk of PPM post-TAVR.
Synthesis of Borondipyrromethene (BODIPY)-Labeled Sphingosine Derivatives by Cross-metathesis Reaction (2007)

A new efficient and flexible synthesis of fluorescently labeled sphingosine derivatives from commercially available Garner aldehyde (8) is described. For this, appropriate alkenylated borondipyrromethene (BODIPY) dyes were synthesized and used for the first time in a cross-metathesis reaction, the key step of the approach. The labeled sphingosines with appropriate chain length were accepted as substrates by sphingosine kinases (SPHKs), yielding the corresponding phosphorylated products. One of these derivatives (11d) was identified as the first reported selective substrate for SPHK-1.
CRITICAL ISSUES IN THE PRACTICE OF MARKET DESIGN (2010)

The years since 1994 have witnessed the emergence of market design as a new discipline within economics, in which research and practice exert powerful mutual influences in matching and auction markets. The problem of designing well‐functioning auction markets has led economic designers to revisit such fundamental issues as the definitions of commodities, the ways participants communicate with markets, the trade‐offs between the incentives provided for truthful reporting and other attributes of mechanism performance, and the determinants of the scope of markets, especially whether and how trade in different goods is linked. ( JEL D44, C78)
Coupled arrays of photonic crystal nanocavites and their applications (2006)

We present photonic crystal structures that exhibit small group velocity of light, which can be used as compact optical delay component. We experimentally measure the group velocity reduction to be less than 0.008c. By breaking the rotation symmetry of the structure we also use them to control the polarization of light. Finally, we demonstrate a new type of laser by fabricating array of coupled photonic crystal nanocavities in active medium, which improves differential quantum efficiency and laser output power. In our experiment, we observe a single mode lasing and measure the output powers that are two orders of magnitude higher than in single nanocavity lasers.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Yellow‐Emitting SrAlSi4N7:Ce3+ Phosphor for Solid State Lighting: Synthesis, Electronic Structure and Photoluminescence Properties. (2014)

Abstract A series of Ce 3+ ‐doped and Ce 3+ /Li + ‐codoped SrAlSi 4 N 7 phase‐pure phosphors are prepared by gas pressure sintering of stoichiometric powder mixtures of Sr 3 N 2 , AlN, α‐Si 3 N 4 , CeN, and Li 3 N with a double amount of AlN to avoid the formation of Sr 2 Si 5 N 8 (1750 °C, 6 h, 0.92 MPa high purity N 2 ).
ChemInform Abstract: Taxane Synthesis Through Intramolecular Pinacol Coupling at C‐1‐C‐2. Construction and Oxidative Transformations of a C‐Aromatic Taxane Diene. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Structure, function, and phylogeny of [Arg8]vasotocinreceptors from teleost fish and toad. (1994)

[Arg8]Vasotocin (AVT) is considered to be the most primitive known vertebrate neurohypophyseal peptide of the vasopressin/oxytocin hormone family and may thus be ancestral to all the other vertebrate peptide hormones. The molecular evolution of the corresponding receptor family has now been studied by cloning an AVT receptor, consisting of 435 amino acid residues, from the teleost fish, the white sucker Catostomus commersoni. Frog oocytes injected with the AVT receptor-encoding cRNA respond to the application of AVT, but not to its structural and functional counterpart isotocin, by an induction of membrane chloride currents indicating the coupling of the AVT receptor to the inositol phosphate/calcium pathway. The pharmacological properties of the expressed AVT receptor show that it represents, or is closely related to, an ancestral nonapeptide receptor: oxytocin, aspargtocin, mesotocin, and vasopressin activated the receptor, but other members of the vasopressin/oxytocin family tested showed little or no potency; antagonists of the mammalian vasopressin V1 and oxytocin receptors blocked the AVT response. Comparison of AVT receptor sequences spanning transmembrane domains two to five, deduced by cloning cDNAs from the Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch, the cave-dwelling fish Astyanax fasciatus, and the anuran Xenopus laevis, with those of their mammalian counterparts emphasizes amino acid residues that are involved in hormone binding. The presence of a 5.0-kb transcript in various teleost tissues (pituitary, liver, gills, swim bladder, and lateral line) points to a physiological role for the fish AVT receptor in metabolic, osmoregulatory, and sensory processes.
Tetragonal Phase Stabilization by Doping as an Enabler of Thermally Stable HfO2 based MIM and MIS Capacitors for sub 50nm Deep Trench DRAM (2006)

We show for the first time that control of the crystalline phases of HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> by tetravalent (Si) and trivalent (Y,Gd) dopants enables significant improvements in the capacitance equivalent thickness (CET) and leakage current in capacitors targeting deep trench (DT) DRAM applications. By applying these findings, we present a MIM capacitor meeting the requirements of the 40 nm node. A CET < 1.3 nm was achieved at the deep trench DRAM thermal budget of 1000 degC
Kinin B1receptor regulates interactions between neutrophils and endothelial cells by modulating the levels of Mac-1, LFA-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (2014)

Kinins are pro-inflammatory peptides that mimic the cardinal features of inflammation. We examined the concept that expression levels of endothelial intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and neutrophil integrins Mac-1 and LFA-1 are modulated by the kinin B1 receptor (B1R) agonist, Lys-des[Arg(9)]bradykinin (LDBK). Stimulation of endothelial cells with LDBK increased the levels of ICAM-1 mRNA transcripts/protein, and also of E-selectin and platelet endothelial adhesion molecule-1. ICAM-1 levels increased in a magnitude comparable with that produced by TNF-α. This stimulatory effect was reduced when endothelial cells, which had been previously transfected with a B1R small interfering RNA, were stimulated with LDBK, under comparable conditions. Similarly, LDBK produced a significant increase in protein levels of LFA-1 and Mac-1 integrins in human neutrophils, an effect that was reversed by pretreatment of cells with 10 µg/ml cycloheximide or a B1R antagonist. Functional experiments performed with post-confluent monolayers of endothelial cells stimulated with LDBK and neutrophils primed with TNF-α, and vice versa, resulted in enhanced adhesiveness between both cells. Neutralizing Abs to ICAM-1 and Mac-1 reduced the adhesion between them. Our results indicate that kinin B1R is a novel modulator that promotes adhesion of leukocytes to endothelial cells, critically enhancing the movement of neutrophils from the circulation to sites of inflammation.