gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Passive 3D location estimation of non-line-of-sight objects from a scattered thermal infrared light field (2021)

We propose a novel passive procedure to estimate the 3D location of non-line-of-sight objects by measuring the light field of scattered long-wavelength infrared radiation. By scanning an infrared camera in a horizontal plane, the scattered light is collected as a light field cube. We introduce mathematics that separate the weak information-bearing signal in the light field cube from residual scattered light and utilize this information to determine highly precise object locations. Finally, we experimentally demonstrate the 3D localization procedure in a life-sized hallway consisting of diffusive walls using human-temperature non-line-of-sight objects.
Multiple Cracking Sequence and Saturation in Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites (1998)

This study has aimed at clarifying the sequence and saturation of multiple cracking evolution in Random Short Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites with Pseudo Strain Hardening Behavior (PSH-RSFR-CCs). For this purpose, uniaxial tensile tests were conducted with Polyethylene fiber composites. Unsaturated multiple crack evolution was observed as well as saturated evolution in these tests depending on fiber volume fraction and testing age. Plausible mechanisms were suggested to characterize these two crack evolution types. Furthermore, two micromechanics based performance indices were proposed as measures of crack saturation.
The PARP inhibitor, ABT-888 potentiates temozolomide: correlation with drug levels and reduction in PARP activity in vivo. (2008)

ABT-888 is a potent, orally bioavailable PARP-1/2 inhibitor shown to potentiate DNA damaging agents. The ability to potentiate temozolomide (TMZ) and develop a biological marker for PARP inhibition was evaluated in vivo. Doses/schedules that achieve TMZ potentiation in the B16F10 syngeneic melanoma model were utilized to develop an ELISA to detect a pharmacodynamic marker, ADP ribose polymers (pADPr), after ABT 888 treatment. ABT-888 enhanced TMZ antitumor activity, in a dose-proportional manner with no observed toxicity (44-75% tumor growth inhibition vs. TMZ monotherapy), but did not show single agent activity. Extended ABT-888 dosing schedules showed no advantage compared to simultaneous TMZ administration. Efficacy correlated with plasma/tumor drug concentrations. Intratumor drug levels correlated with a dose-proportional/time-dependent reduction in pADPr. Potentiation of TMZ activity by ABT-888 correlated with drug levels and inhibition of PARP activity in vivo. ABT-888 is in Phase 1 trials using a validated ELISA based on the assay developed here to assess pharmacological effect.
Polymer-Nanocrystal Nanocomposite Capacitors and Their Applications in Energy Storage (2018)

Nanocomposite metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors are of great interest due to the possibility of reducing the number of discrete components in printed circuit boards, and alternatively using embedded or directly printed capacitors in conjunction with integrated circuits. Flexible substrates also become candidates when employing low processing temperatures. In addition to compatibility with nanomanufacturing, the prospect of designing a nanocomposite dielectric, by combining colloidal nanoparticle fillers and polymer hosts, lends itself very well to the idea of tunability of the mechanical and electrical properties. A parallel plate capacitor is a deceptively simple device concept that quickly evolves into a complex problem when considering how components can be assembled into the dielectric layer to optimize for comprehensive performance, as a function of capacitance, frequency, voltage, leakage, dissipation loss and ESR. Our work in solution processing of inorganic oxide dielectrics and multiferroics, using a modified sol-gel approach allows for the preparation of a variety of formulations that can be treated as inks for deposition as layers and/or for the design of novel nanocomposite films.
Imaging Proteolytic Activity in Live Cells and Animal Models (2013)

In addition to their degradative role in protein turnover, proteases play a key role as positive or negative regulators of signal transduction pathways and therefore their dysregulation contributes to many disease states. Regulatory roles of proteases include their hormone-like role in triggering G protein-coupled signaling (Protease-Activated-Receptors); their role in shedding of ligands such as EGF, Notch and Fas; and their role in signaling events that lead to apoptotic cell death. Dysregulated activation of apoptosis by the caspase family of proteases has been linked to diseases such as cancer, autoimmunity and inflammation. In an effort to better understand the role of proteases in health and disease, a luciferase biosensor is described which can quantitatively report proteolytic activity in live cells and mouse models. The biosensor, hereafter referred to as GloSensor Caspase 3/7 has a robust signal to noise (50-100 fold) and dynamic range such that it can be used to screen for pharmacologically active compounds in high throughput campaigns as well as to study cell signaling in rare cell populations such as isolated cancer stem cells. The biosensor can also be used in the context of genetically engineered mouse models of human disease wherein conditional expression using the Cre/loxP technology can be implemented to investigate the role of a specific protease in living subjects. While the regulation of apoptosis by caspase's was used as an example in these studies, biosensors to study additional proteases involved in the regulation of normal and pathological cellular processes can be designed using the concepts presented herein.
Application of Pair-Wise Discrimination Method to Japanese Consonant Recognition (1988)

We have proposed pair-wise discrimination method which discriminates multiple classes by combining the results of two-class discriminant analyses performed on the pairs of classes. In this paper, we discuss its application to recognition of all the Japanese consonants. 26 consonant classes for recognition are decided based on the phonetic category and statistical analysis by considering the influence of the following vowels. Effective pairs to discrimination are selected among all the possible 26C2 pairs. Experimental results show that, as the number of classes increases, the performance of pair-wise discrimination method is outstanding while the conventional one-stage discriminant analysis using common variables for all the classes lowers its recognition rate. It was also confirmed that minimax method is most effective in combining the results of two-class discrimination.
Physicochemical Properties of Rice Endosperm Proteins Extracted by Chemical and Enzymatic Methods (2006)

ABSTRACT Rice proteins are nutritional, hypoallergenic, and healthy for human consumption. Efficient extraction with approved food‐grade enzymes and chemicals are essential for commercial production and application of rice protein as a functional ingredient. Rice endosperm proteins were isolated by alkali, salt, and enzymatic methods and evaluated for extractability and physicochemical properties. Alkali (RP A ) and salt (RP S ) methods extracted 86.9 and 87.3% of proteins with 65.9 and 58.9% yield, respectively. The enzymatic methods with Termamyl (RP ET ) and amylase S (RP EA ) extracted 85.8 and 81.0% proteins with 85.2 and 86.2% yield, respectively. Enthalpy values of RP A (1.79 J/g), RP S (1.22 J/g), RP ET (nondetectable), and RP EA (0.17 J/g), determined by differential scanning calorimetry, demonstrated that the varying level of denaturation of proteins depends on the method of extraction. Surface hydrophobicity data supported this observation. Alkali‐ and salt‐extracted proteins had higher solubility and emulsifying properties than those of enzyme‐extracted proteins. Comparatively, more favorable protein composition, lower surface hydrophobicity, higher solubility, and a lower degree of thermal denaturation of alkali‐ and salt‐extracted proteins contributed to higher emulsifying and foaming properties than those of enzyme‐extracted proteins; therefore, alkali‐ and salt‐extracted proteins can have enhanced functional use and a potential starting material for preparing tailored rice protein isolates.
Hydrocarbon Prospecting in Deep Water Trinidad using AVO and Spectral Decomposition. (2007)

Amplitude versus offset (AVO) and spectral decomposition (SD) techniques were used for direct hydrocarbon identification (DHI) in the Plio-pleistocene section in Deep Water Trinidad &amp; Tobago to help to quantify better the risk during hydrocarbon prospecting. In order to understand and predict the seismic response for different fluid types and lithologies, AVO and SD modeling based on existing well log information close to the study area were performed. The controlled synthetic models simulated the seismic response for wet sands, commercially saturated gas sands, and partially saturated gas sands, as well as variations due to lithology. After modeling and validation of the technique with real pre-stack and post-stack seismic data on calibration well locations, seismic analysis supported with AVO and SD technologies was performed to evaluate prospects located in Deep Water in Trinidad &amp; Tobago. Very subtle differences in the AVO and SD responses were the only way to discriminate between hydrocarbon and lithology. Very subtle variations during AVO and SD analysis suggest that the lithology factor can produce false DHI in the area.
Glucose monitoring and adaptive feeding of mammalian cell culture in the presence of strong autofluorescence by near infrared Raman spectroscopy (2018)

Raman spectroscopy offers an attractive platform for real-time monitoring and control of metabolites and feeds in cell culture processes, including mammalian cell culture for biopharmaceutical production. However, specific cell culture processes may generate substantial concentrations of chemical species and byproducts with high levels of autofluorescence when excited with the standard 785 nm wavelength. Shifting excitation further toward the near-infrared allows reduction or elimination of process autofluorescence. We demonstrate such a reduction in a highly autofluorescent mammalian cell culture process. Using the Kaiser RXN2-1000 platform, which utilizes excitation at 993 nm, we developed multivariate glucose models in a cell culture process which was previously impossible using 785 nm excitation. Additionally, the glucose level in the production bioreactor was controlled entirely by Raman adaptive feeding, allowing for maintenance of glucose levels at an arbitrary set point for the duration of the culture. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 34:1574-1580, 2018.
Linéarisation d'un Amplificateur de Puissance BiCMOS7RF par Boucle Cartésienne pour le Standard W-CDMA (2009)

Une étude sur l'amélioration de la linéarité d'un amplificateur de puissance RF intégré est présentée pour le standard W-CDMA. Cet amplificateur de puissance est implémenté en technologie BiCMOS7RF de STMicroelectronics. La technique de linéarisation retenue est de type feedback par boucle cartésienne. Grâce à cette technique de linéarisation mise en oeuvre, l'ACPR est amélioré de 14dB à 5MHz de la fréquence porteuse pour une puissance de sortie de l'émetteur de 28dBm.
Nickel‐katalysierte Synthese von α‐Nornicotin‐Derivaten. Vorläufige Mitteilung (1978)

Nickel‐catalysed Synthesis of α‐Nornicotines Schiff's bases 1 and butadiene generally co‐oligomerize on nickel catalysts to yield octatrienyl‐substituted amines 2 and octadienyl‐substituted imines 3 . Schiff's bases 4 and 5 , on the other hand, react with 1, 3‐dienes to give new [3+2]‐cycloadducts 6 . In addition to the appropriately functionalized α‐nornicotine derivatives some higher oligomers are formed.
Exact wave field simulation for finite-volume scattering problems (2007)

An exact boundary condition is presented for scattering problems involving spatially limited perturbations of arbitrary magnitude to a background model in generally inhomogeneous acoustic media. The boundary condition decouples the wave propagation on a perturbed domain while maintaining all interactions with the background model, thus eliminating the need to regenerate the wave field response on the full model. The method, which is explicit, relies on a Kirchhoff-type integral extrapolation to update the boundary condition at every time step of the simulation. The Green's functions required for extrapolation through the background model are computed efficiently using wave field interferometry.
Comparison between Progenitor Cells from Mobilized Peripheral Blood (PB) in Healthy Donors and Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL) Patients. (2004)

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) mobilization is impaired in patients receiving chemotherapy but, as far as we know there is no data about the impact of chemotherapy on different PB progenitor cell subpopulations. AIM: to ascertain whether or not immature or committed progenitor cell are affected by chemotherapy prior PBSC mobilization in NHL patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: a total of 27 PB samples from NHL patients and 36 PB samples from healthy donors were studied. Immunophenotypic analysis of CD34+ cell subpopulations was performed using the following four colour combinations of monoclonal antibodies (FITC/PE/PC5/APC): CD90/CD133/CD38/CD34 and CD71/CD13/CD45/CD34. In order to study committed progenitor cells “in vitro”, standard colony-forming assays were used and, in order to investigate the behaviour of the uncommitted progenitors Delta Assays of plastic adherent progenitor cells (PΔ) were performed. RESULTS: The comparison between NHL patients and healthy donors is shown in Table 1. The relationship between data obtained by flow cytometry and cultures was statistically significant (p&lt;0.05, r&gt;0.568) for all the progenitors analysed. Table 1: Results of Immunophenotypic and Functional Assays LNH patients Healthy donors p Data expressed as median (range). 1. Percentage among CD34+ cells. 2. Number of CFU/10 5 planted cells. 3. Number of CFU/10 6 planted cells % CD34 0.16(0.04–3.65) 0.57(0.11–1.81) 0.013 Immunophenotypic Data Erithroid 1 0.05(0.01–0.60) 0.14(0.02–0.42) 0.098 Myelo–monocytic 1 0.11(0.02–2.41) 0.37(0.07–1.18) 0.014 Immature 1 0.01(0.00–0.63) 0.05(0.01–0.19) 0.014 CFU-GM 2 70(4–440) 90(0–904) 0.327 Clonogenic and Delta Assays data BFU-E 2 62(6–172) 85(0–240) 0.046 CFU-Mix 2 18(0–124) 42(0–140) 0.018 CFU Δ3 356(0–3509) 953(90–8320) 0.033 CONCLUSIONS: We can conclude that in NHL, mobilized committed and above all immature progenitors are impaired when compared with healthy subjects, both analysed by immunological and functional assays. Only granulomonocytic progenitors analysed by a functional approach seemed to be preserved.
Breakdown of the Selection Rule of Raman Spectra in a Single GaN Nanocolumn (2012)

We study micro-Raman spectroscopy in free-standing single GaN nanocolumns with 0.45-2.1 μm diameters, which are synthesized by rf-plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. We clearly observe the breakdown of the polarization selection rule of Raman spectra from E2H phonon, when the diameter of nanocolumn is thinner than four times the wavelength of incident light inside the sample. The selection rule gets recovered with increasing diameter of nanocolumn. Moreover, we observe quasi-TO phonon modes, which strongly affects the Raman spectra from the A1(TO) and E1(TO) phonons. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2012.321]
Development of a rodent high-energy blast injury model for investigating conditions associated with traumatic amputations (2021)

In this paper, a rodent blast injury model has been developed in the hindlimb of cadaveric rats that combines the blast and fracture in one insult, necessitating amputation. Experimental setup with 9 bar burst pressure and 9.13 ms positive duration created a fracture at the tibia with total reduction in non-targeted fractures, rendering 9 bar burst pressure suitable for translation to a survivable model to investigate blast injury-associated diseases. Cite this article: <i>Bone Joint Res</i> 2021;10(3):166-172.
Motion compensation for aortic valves using partial angle CT reconstructions (2021)

Motion artifacts were consistently removed and image quality improved.
101 Increased blood brain barrier permeability associates with increased hippocampal glucose metabolism in SLE (2021)

<h3>Background</h3> Mechanisms for SLE-mediated cognitive impairment (SLE-CI) include autoantibodies and inflammatory molecules normally excluded from the brain by an intact blood brain barrier (BBB). However, the BBB permeability may be altered in response to molecular signals from the periphery and activated microglia in the brain. We have hypothesized that in SLE-CI the hippocampus is targeted by autoantibodies leading to microglia activation and neuron dysfunction. Dynamic Contrast Enhanced (DCE) MRI was used in SLE subjects concurrently assessed with FDG-PET brain imaging to determine regional BBB permeability and association with metabolism. <h3>Methods</h3> Data from 10 SLE and 6 healthy control (HC) subjects enrolled in a larger observational study were analyzed. Important exclusion criteria for SLE included any history of neuropsychiatric disease, current psychiatric medication use, active disease, and steroid dose &gt; 10 mg. Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) analysis was used to perform voxel-wise comparison of different imaging data from the same cohort. Parametric maps created from DCE-MRI data were registered to MNI templates used in SPM analysis, allowing comparison between maps in the MNI space. Voxel-wise comparison of DCE-MRI permeability parameters, Ve, Kep and Ktrans, was conducted on data from all subjects and compared to voxel-wise assessments of glucose metabolism from FDG-PET imaging. Clusters were identified by voxel-wise analysis of the parametric maps for Kep and Ve data. SPM contrasts were thresholded at p&lt;0.05 within a hippocampal hypothesis-testing volume. Student t-test was used to compare permeability parameters between SLE and HC. <h3>Results</h3> Abnormal increases in Kep (red) and Ve (green) were found in the SLE group hippocampus (figure 1); they overlapped with the area of increased hippocampal metabolism (yellow) reported previously.<sup>1</sup> Hippocampal increases in Ve were smaller in both extent and magnitude compared to Kep (color scales). Ktrans, Ve and Kep are all highly related such that Ktrans = Kep x Ve. The voxelwise contrast for Ktrans was similar to Kep, and corresponding values were highly correlated (r = 0.92, p&lt;0.0001) in the overlap region. To simplify visualization, only Kep and Ve contrasts are displayed in figure 1A. Scatterplots of permeability parameters measured in the hippocampal overlap region for the SLE and HC subjects (figure 1B). <h3>Conclusions</h3> SPM analysis of DCE-MRI and FDG-PET data demonstrates abnormal increased hippocampal BBB permeability and glucose metabolism in SLE subjects with inactive disease and no history of neuropsychiatric disease. These data support the hypothesis that BBB permeability is altered in SLE, allowing access of inflammatory mediators to the brain.
Electrochemical Properties of Three Li2Ni2TeO6 Structural Polymorphs (2019)

Three different structures of the composition Li2Ni2TeO6 have been synthesized and their electrochemical properties characterized: a disordered orthorhombic phase with tellurium ordering and strong Li/Ni cation mixing, a T#2-layered phase, and an O3-layered phase; each have a distinct cycling performance. The disordered orthorhombic structure is the most stable at room temperature and has the highest capacity with the lowest overpotential. The T#2 phase is the least stable and undergoes a phase transformation once lithium is extracted. Density functional theory calculations reconcile the relative structural stabilities and physical properties of each phase with their electrochemical performances. Calculations also confirmed experimental observations regarding the synthesis of each structure and indicated the mechanism for capacity fade of each Li2Ni2TeO6 cathode. Strong tellurium–oxygen covalent bonding increases the voltage of the Ni2+/3+ redox couple in each of these materials over what is normally observed in layered oxides.
Mitigating Dendrite Formation on a Zn Electrode in Aqueous Zinc Chloride by the Competitive Surface Chemistry of an Imidazole Additive (2023)

Electrochemical energy storage systems are critical in several ways for a smooth transition from nonrenewable to renewable energy sources. Zn-based batteries are one of the promising alternatives to the existing state-of-the-art Li-ion battery technology, since Li-ion batteries pose significant drawbacks in terms of safety and cost-effectiveness. Zn (with a reduction potential of -0.76 V vs SHE) has a significantly higher theoretical volumetric capacity (5851 mAh/cm<sup>3</sup>) than Li (2061 mAh/cm<sup>3</sup>), and it is certainly far less expensive, safer, and more earth-abundant. The formation of dendrites, hydrogen evolution, and the formation of a ZnO passivation layer on the Zn anode are the primary challenges in the development and deployment of rechargeable zinc batteries. In this work, we examine the role of imidazole as an electrolyte additive in 2 M ZnCl<sub>2</sub> to prevent dendrite formation during zinc electrodeposition via experimental (kinetics and imaging) and theoretical density functional theory (DFT) studies. To characterize the efficacy and to identify the appropriate concentration of imidazole, linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and chronoamperometry (CA) are performed with in situ monitoring of the electrodeposited zinc. The addition of 0.025 wt % imidazole to 2 M ZnCl<sub>2</sub> increases the cycle life of Zn-symmetric cells cycled at 1 mA/cm<sup>2</sup> for 60 min of plating and stripping dramatically from 90 to 240 h. A higher value of the nucleation overpotential is noted in the presence of imidazole, which suggests that imidazole is adsorbed at a competitively faster rate on the surface of zinc, thereby suppressing the zinc electrodeposition kinetics and the formation. X-ray tomography reveals that a short circuit caused by dendrite formation is the main plausible failure mechanism of Zn symmetric cells. It is observed that the electrodeposition of zinc is more homogeneous in the presence of imidazole, and its presence in the electrolyte also inhibits the production of a passivating coating (ZnO) on the Zn surface, thereby preventing corrosion. DFT calculations conform well with the stated experimental observations.