gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Variation of the external quantum efficiency with temperature and current density in red, blue, and deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (2016)

The temperature-dependent external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) were investigated for a 620 nm AlGaInP red light-emitting diodes (LEDs), a 450 nm GaInN blue LED, and a 285 nm AlGaN deep-ultraviolet (DUV) LED. We observed distinct differences in the variation of the EQE with temperature and current density for the three types of LEDs. Whereas the EQE of the AlGaInP red LED increases as temperature decreases below room temperature, the EQEs of GaInN blue and AlGaN DUV LEDs decrease for the same change in temperature in a low-current density regime. The free carrier concentration, as determined from the dopant ionization energy, shows a strong material-system-specific dependence, leading to different degrees of asymmetry in carrier concentration for the three types of LEDs. We attribute the EQE variation of the red, blue, and DUV LEDs to the different degrees of asymmetry in carrier concentration, which can be exacerbated at cryogenic temperatures. As for the EQE variation with temperature in a high-current density regime, the efficiency droop for the AlGaInP red and GaInN blue LEDs becomes more apparent as temperature decreases, due to the deterioration of the asymmetry in carrier concentration. However, the EQE of the AlGaN DUV LED initially decreases, then reaches an EQE minimum point, and then increases again due to the field-ionization of acceptors by the Poole-Frenkel effect. The results elucidate that carrier transport phenomena allow for the understanding of the droop phenomenon across different material systems, temperatures, and current densities.
Co‐Evaporated Formamidinium Lead Iodide Based Perovskites with 1000 h Constant Stability for Fully Textured Monolithic Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells (2021)

Abstract Formamidinium iodide (FAI) based perovskite absorbers have been shown to be ideal candidates for highly efficient and operationally stable perovskite solar cells (PSC). A major challenge for formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI 3 ) is to suppress the phase transition from the photoactive black phase into yellow nonperovskite δ‐phase. Several approaches to stabilize the black phase have been developed for solution‐based perovskites, whereas so far, vacuum‐deposited FAPbI 3 has rarely been reported. This study demonstrates the preparation of FAPbI 3 by co‐evaporation and discusses the influence of the subjacent hole transporting layer (HTL) on its phase stability. By using FAI excess in the evaporation process in combination with phosphonic acids groups from the HTL, the black perovskite phase is stabilized at room temperature. Further addition of 32–59% methylammonium iodide (MAI) during the co‐evaporation process leads to good absorption properties and high PSC efficiencies of 20.4%. In addition, excellent stability is achieved for optimized MAI to FAI ratios, maintaining 100% of the initial PSC performance after 1000 h under constant operation. This highly stable perovskite composition enables the first monolithic fully textured perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells with co‐evaporated perovskite absorbers. Due to the conformally covered pyramid texture, these tandem cells show minimal reflection losses and reach an efficiency of 24.6%.
Proof of the Equivalency of MSE-Constrained and Rate-Constrained Power Optimization Approaches to Distributed Bi-Directional Beamforming (2020)

Considered in this article is an <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">asynchronous</i> single-carrier two-way relay network, where two transceivers aim to communicate through a set of amplify-and-forward (AF) relays. This network is asynchronous in the sense that the signal transmitted by any of the two transceivers arrives the other transceiver through different relaying paths, with possibly different propagation delays, thereby materializing a multipath channel. At sufficiently high data rates, this multi-path end-to-end channel causes inter-symbol-interference (ISI) in the received signals. Considering such a network, this paper presents two contributions. The first contribution is the rigorous characterization of the region of the mean-squared errors (MSEs) of the symbol estimates at the two transceivers under a total power budget, and when linear block post-channel equalization is used at the receiver front-end of the two transceivers. The importance of this MSE region characterization resides in the fact that knowing this region allows for characterization the region of un-coded probabilities of error at the two transceivers. Also, this MSE region characterization paves the way towards presenting the second contribution in this paper. Indeed, in the second contribution, this article relies on this MSE region characterization to rigorously prove that an MSE-constrained total power minimization approach and a rate-constrained total power minimization approach to design transceiver power allocation and distributed beamforming are equivalent, if the MSE thresholds in the former approach and the rate thresholds in the latter approach are properly chosen. The equivalence of these two approaches implies that the un-coded MSE performance of the network can be inferred from the rate-constrained problem, and conversely, the coded rate performance of the network can be inferred from the MSE-constrained total power minimization problem.
Influence of Positioning Error on X-Map Estimation in LTE (2011)

Today, the network operators have to perform drive/walk tests when planning and optimizing their networks. These drive/walk tests are costly and time-consuming, cover only a limited part of the network, and capture only a snapshot in time. To overcome these difficulties, the mobile devices in the network can be used as probes by continuously reporting the observed service quality together with their positions. In this paper, we introduce the concept of X-map estimation, which is a function that processes the measurement data into a geographic map with overlay performance information, referred to as an X-map. By continuously processing measurements, the X-map estimation function approximates the spatial characteristics of the network performance and therefore reduces the costs of drive/walk tests. Additionally, X-maps can be used by Self-Organizing Networks (SON), especially in functionalities that address optimization of coverage, capacity, and quality. In this paper, we introduce two approaches for determining X-maps and we analyze the influence of the applied positioning method on the accuracy of the X-maps. We show that the accuracy of the positioning technique can have a significant impact on the accuracy of the X-map.
Automated Cell Identification and Tracking Using Nanoparticle Moving-Light-Displays (2012)

An automated technique for the identification, tracking and analysis of biological cells is presented. It is based on the use of nanoparticles, enclosed within intra-cellular vesicles, to produce clusters of discrete, point-like fluorescent, light sources within the cells. Computational analysis of these light ensembles in successive time frames of a movie sequence, using k-means clustering and particle tracking algorithms, provides robust and automated discrimination of live cells and their motion and a quantitative measure of their proliferation. This approach is a cytometric version of the moving light display technique which is widely used for analyzing the biological motion of humans and animals. We use the endocytosis of CdTe/ZnS, core-shell quantum dots to produce the light displays within an A549, epithelial, lung cancer cell line, using time-lapse imaging with frame acquisition every 5 minutes over a 40 hour time period. The nanoparticle moving light displays provide simultaneous collection of cell motility data, resolution of mitotic traversal dynamics and identification of familial relationships allowing construction of multi-parameter lineage trees.
Motor and Cognitive Performance in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis with Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy (2020)

Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is associated with mild cognitive impairment and frailty. This study aims to identify cognitive and motor differences in cirrhotic patients with and without MHE, and the correlations between motor signs and cognitive performance. Gait, balance, hand strength and motor speed performance were evaluated in 66 cirrhotic patients (38 without and 28 with MHE, according to the Psychometric Hepatic Encephalopathy Score (PHES). Cognitive performance was measured with the Mini-Mental State Examination, Verbal Fluency Test, Aprendizaje Verbal España-Complutense Test (TAVEC), Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III, Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Rating Scale and Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST). MHE patients performed worse than patients without MHE in cognitive and autonomous functioning, learning and long-term memory, and verbal fluency. The same pattern was found in gait, center of pressure movement, variability of hand strength performance and hand motor speed. In MHE patients, high correlations were found between balance and FAST test, gait velocity and verbal skills, hand strength variability and anxiety and depression, and motor speed and FAST and TAVEC. MHE patients showed worse motor and cognitive performance than patients without MHE. MHE patients could have impaired movement control expressed as bradykinesia, and this reduced motor performance could correlate with cognitive performance.
Fabrication of Multilayered Nanoporous Poly(methyl silsesquioxane) (2002)

Multilayer nanoporous films generated by a layer-by-layer spin-on method are presented (see Figure). Precise control of the porosity of the individual layers that comprise the multilayer structure is demonstrated. Due to the simplicity of this fabrication method a wide range of potential applications in the areas of separation science, biotechnology, optics etc. are envisaged.
Seismic Stratigraphy (1988)

Carbonatites are igneous rocks formed in the crust by fractional crystallization of carbonate-rich parental melts that are mostly mantle derived. They dominantly consist of carbonate minerals such as calcite, dolomite, and ankerite, as well as minor ...Read More
Depression Management, Resource Utilization and Outcomes Following Liver Transplant. (2014)

Background: There is robust evidence that new onset depression after liver transplant (LTX) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Yet, there is paucity in the data analyzing the effect of depression treatment on LTX outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine if depression treatment influences outcomes after LTX. Methods: Single-center, longitudinal cohort study of LTX patients from Oct 2010-June 2013. Exclusions were pediatrics, prisoners, and pregnancy. Depression diagnosis was based on PMH and documentation from psychosocial providers. Patients were separated into 3 groups for analysis: no depression, adequately treated depression, and inadequately treated depression. Depression was considered adequately treated if the Antidepressant Treatment History Form was >3. Results: 161 patients were included in the analysis; 103 without depression, 24 with adequately treated depression and 34 with inadequately treated depression. Baseline characteristics were similar. Patients with inadequately treated depression had significantly more encounters with a healthcare provider and numerically more complications after LTX, including those requiring readmission or requiring outpatient interventions (Table 1). Graft loss tended to be higher in these patients (Figure 1). The adequately treated depression group was more likely to be on antidepressants at 30 and 60 days post-LTX (Table 1). The inadequately treated group was significantly more likely to be on a sleep aid 30 days post-LTX (p=0.014). Benzodiazepine and opioid use were similar between groups. Conclusion: Inadequately treated depression leads to increased healthcare resource utilization in LTX. Patients with adequately treated depression have similar outcomes as those without depression. Use of sleep aids early post-LTX may be a surrogate indicator of inadequately treated depression.Table: No Caption available.Figure: No Caption available.
On‐Chip Mercury‐Free Deep‐UV Light‐Emitting Sources with Ultrahigh Germicidal Efficiency (2021)

Abstract In the current COVID‐19 scenario, there is an urgent need for developing efficient and mercury‐free deep‐ultraviolet (deep‐UV) light sources for disinfection applications. AlGaN‐based light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) may be considered as an alternative, but due to their inherent low efficiencies in the deep‐UV spectral region, significant developments are required to address efficiency issues. Here, a mercury‐free chip‐size deep‐UV light source is shown which is enabled by high‐vacuum chip‐scale cavity sealing overcoming the limitations of both mercury lamps and deep‐UV LEDs. These deep‐UV chips are cathodoluminescence based, in which a cavity is created with high vacuum integrity for efficient field‐emission. These chips demonstrate optical output power ≥20 mW (efficiency ≈4%) and, owing to the spectral overlap of phosphor cathodoluminescence spectra and germicidal effectiveness curve, resulted in log 6 (99.9999%) germicidal efficiency. Additionally, these chips offer high reliability, “instant” ON/OFF capability, high operational lifetimes, and low‐temperature dependence with complete design freedom.
Sound Based Heart Rate Monitoring for Wearable Systems (2010)

This paper presents an alternative approach for heart rate measurement. Instead of using an ECG sensor, the proposed design uses sound signals received from a microphone which does not require skin-contact. Specifically, the design uses an air conductive microphone and an efficient algorithm to estimate the heart beat parameters of the wearer. The estimates are obtained for different activities undertaken by the wearer. The activities studied include sitting, jumping, reading, laughing, singing, and coughing. Data are collected from researchers and students working in the laboratory, and in the presence of lung sound, and other environmental sounds and noise. Preliminary results show that, the method can be an effective alternative means of monitoring cardiac (heart) sounds in a natural environment.
Simulating the scheduling of parallel supercomputer applications (1989)

An Event Driven Simulator for Evaluating Multiprocessing Scheduling (EDSEMS) disciplines is presented. The simulator is made up of three components: machine model; parallel workload characterization ; and scheduling disciplines for mapping parallel applications (many processes cooperating on the same computation) onto processors. A detailed description of how the simulator is constructed, how to use it and how to interpret the output is also given. Initial results are presented from the simulation of parallel supercomputer workloads using Dog-Eat-Dog,'' Family'' and Gang'' scheduling disciplines. These results indicate that Gang scheduling is far better at giving the number of processors that a job requests than Dog-Eat-Dog or Family scheduling. In addition, the system throughput and turnaround time are not adversely affected by this strategy. 10 refs., 8 figs., 1 tab.
Reciprocal association between participation to a national election and the epidemic spread of COVID-19 in France: nationwide observational and dynamic modeling study. (2020)

Objective: To investigate possible reciprocal associations between the intensity of the COVID-19 epidemic in France and the level of participation at national elections. Design: Observational study and dynamic modelling using a sigmoidal mixed effects model. Setting: All hospitals where patients were admitted for COVID-19. Participants: All admitted patients from March 18, 2020 to April 17, 2020. Main outcome measures: Abstention and admission rate for COVID-19. Results: Mean abstention rate in 2020 among departments was 52.5%+/-6.4 and had increased by a mean of 18.8% as compared with the 2014 election. There was a high degree of similarity of abstention between the two elections among the departments (p&lt;0.001). Among departments with a high outbreak intensity before the election, those with a higher participation were not affected by a significantly higher number of COVID-19 admissions after the elections. The sigmoidal model fitted the data from the different departments with a high degree of consistency. The covariate analysis showed that a significant association between participation and number of admitted patients was observed for both elections (2020: B=-5.36, p&lt;1e-9 and 2014: B=-3.15, p&lt;1e-6) contradicting a direct specific causation of the 2020 election. Participation was not associated with the position of the inflexion point suggesting no effect in the speed of spread. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the surrounding intensity of the COVID-19 epidemic in France did not have any local impact on citizens participation to a national election. The level of participation to the 2020 election had no impact on the spread of the pandemic.
RPL, a BCPL-Based Production Language System (1977)

This report is intended to serve two purposes. First, it should provide the design for a production language. To this end, the Rochester Production Language is discussed, as far as possible, in implementation-independent terms. To provide the reader with a feel for the actual use of production language, salient points of the RPL Translator Writing System are also discussed; in particular, the interface to user-supplied BCPL semantic routines. The reader is expected to have a rudimentary knowledge of production language. Second, this report is meant to serve as a reference manual for the Rochester Production Language. It is not, however, a detailed user's guide to the RPL Translator Writing System.
Large‐area, catalyst‐free heteroepitaxy of InAs nanowires on Si by MOVPE (2010)

Abstract In this paper, we show the results of experiments of InAs nanowire (NW) growth on (111)‐oriented Si wafers. The NWs, grown at 620 °C by metal–organic vapor‐phase epitaxy, are vertically aligned and ∼30 nm in diameter. Their structural properties are studied by transmission electron microscopy, evidencing a polytypic character, and the vibrational properties by Raman spectroscopy. An assessment of their electrical transport properties is carried out by measuring back‐gated, single InAs NW field‐effect transistors. The absence of a catalyst ensures the compatibility of the NW growth process with current CMOS technology.
Surface-Induced Reaction (SIR) (2016)

This document contains recommendations for terminology in mass spectrometry. Development of standard terms dates back to 1974 when the IUPAC Commission on Analytical Nomenclature issued recommendations on mass spectrometry terms and definitions. In 1978, the IUPAC Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy updated and extended the recommendations and made further recommendations regarding symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations. The IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy’s Subcommittee on Mass Spectroscopy revised the recommended terms in 1991 and appended terms relating to vacuum technology. Some additional terms related to tandem mass spectrometry were added in 1993 and accelerator mass spectrometry in 1994. Owing to the rapid expansion of the field in the intervening years, particularly in mass spectrometry of biomolecules, a further revision of the recommendations has become necessary. This document contains a comprehensive revision of mass spectrometry terminology that represents the current consensus of the mass spectrometry community.
Silver Nanowire/Conducting Polymer Nanocomposite Electrochromic Supercapacitor Electrodes (2017)

Color-changing energy storage devices that can easily communicate with the user carry the potential to be integrated into smart electronics. In this work, nanocomposite electrochromic supercapacitor electrodes were fabricated with silver nanowire (Ag NW) network electrodes and a green to transmissive electrochromic polymer, PDOPEQ. High transparency and conductivity of Ag NW network current collectors allowed the fabrication of electrochromic supercapacitors and investigation of the spectroelectrochemical and electrochemical properties of the PDOPEQ. Previously reported electrochromic properties such as long term electrochromic switching stability and vibrant color change for PDOPEQ were well transferred into electrochromic capacitors. Investigated electrochromic supercapacitors changed their color from vibrant green to transparent with superior characteristics. Specific capacitance of the fabricated nanocomposite electrodes was calculated as 61.5 F g(-1) at a current density of 0.1 A g(-1) and to the best of our knowledge, one of the highest capacity retention value was obtained upon 20000 galvanostatic charge-discharge cycles. With these color options and electrochemical performance, investigated conducting polymer (CP) holds strong promise to be used in electrochromic supercapacitors. (C) 2017 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Supplementary Figure S3 from The Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic (PKPD) Relationships of AZD3229, a Novel and Selective Inhibitor of KIT, in a Range of Mouse Xenograft Models of GIST (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Goodness of fit plots of PK/PD model fit for AZD3229&lt;/p&gt;
Repurposed drugs block toxin-driven platelet clearance by the hepatic Ashwell-Morell receptor to clear Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (2021)

<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (SA) bloodstream infections cause high morbidity and mortality (20 to 30%) despite modern supportive care. In a human bacteremia cohort, we found that development of thrombocytopenia was correlated to increased mortality and increased α-toxin expression by the pathogen. Platelet-derived antibacterial peptides are important in bloodstream defense against SA, but α-toxin decreased platelet viability, induced platelet sialidase to cause desialylation of platelet glycoproteins, and accelerated platelet clearance by the hepatic Ashwell-Morell receptor (AMR). Ticagrelor (Brilinta), a commonly prescribed P2Y12 receptor inhibitor used after myocardial infarction, blocked α-toxin-mediated platelet injury and resulting thrombocytopenia, thereby providing protection from lethal SA infection in a murine intravenous challenge model. Genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of AMR stabilized platelet counts and enhanced resistance to SA infection, and the anti-influenza sialidase inhibitor oseltamivir (Tamiflu) provided similar therapeutic benefit. Thus, a "toxin-platelet-AMR" regulatory pathway plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of SA bloodstream infection, and its elucidation provides proof of concept for repurposing two commonly prescribed drugs as adjunctive therapies to improve patient outcomes.
A Phase I, Open-Label, Multicenter, Dose-escalation Study of the Oral Selective FGFR Inhibitor Debio 1347 in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors Harboring FGFR Gene Alterations (2019)

Preliminary efficacy was encouraging and tolerability acceptable up to 80 mg/day, which is now used in an extension part of the study.
Control of Ion Adsorption due to Formation of Radical Polymerization Polymers on Polyimide Film (2016)

液晶中に溶存しているイオンがポリイミド膜表面に吸着することで，残留DC電圧が発生する．筆者らは，ラジカル重合性モノマーを用いたポリマー(ラジカル重合性ポリマー)をポリイミド膜表面に形成させることで，残留DC電圧が低下することを確認した．さらに残留DC電圧の低下は，ラジカル重合性ポリマーを形成することによるポリイミド膜，およびラジカル重合性ポリマーへのイオンの吸着エネルギーの増加，および吸着イオンの離脱エネルギーの低下によることを明らかにした．