gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Monocyte antigen CD14 is a phospholipid anchored membrane protein (1989)

A cDNA clone encoding the human monocyte antigen CD14 was isolated by transient expression in COS cells of a cDNA library prepared from phorbol diester-treated HL60 cells. RNA blot analysis showed abundant expression of a single mRNA species in mature monocytes and an increased expression of the mRNA following induction of differentiation in leukemic cell lines. The DNA blot hybridization pattern was consistent with a single-copy gene. The predicted amino acid sequence lacks the characteristic transmembrane domain and stop transfer motif of conventionally anchored membrane proteins. COS cells transfected with the CD14 cDNA released virtually all CD14 protein in soluble form following treatment with glycosyl phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C, and CD14 immunoreactivity was absent from the affected monocytes of a patient with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). The data show that, to the limit of experimental sensitivity, all monocyte CD14 is joined to the plasma membrane by a phosphatidylinositol phospholipid.
Molecular Characterization of QM, a Novel Gene with Properties Consistent with Tumor Suppressor Function (1994)

QM is a novel gene that was isolated via a subtractive DNA hybridization procedure (Dowdy et al. 1991a) during a search for a Wilms' tumor suppressor gene.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Direct Inhibition of Retinoblastoma Phosphorylation by Nimbolide Causes Cell-Cycle Arrest and Suppresses Glioblastoma Growth (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 312K, Nimbolide is more cytotoxic than many other chemotherapy agents. (A) Cell proliferation assay showing viability of GBM cells in the presence of Temozolomide (TMZ) for 72 hours. (B) Cell proliferation assay showing the cytotoxic effect of Nimbolide in comparison with other chemotherapeutic agents. Data is representative of two independent experiments. +p ≤ 0.05; *p ≤ 0.001.&lt;/p&gt;
Copper Die-Bonding Sinter Paste: Sintering and Bonding Properties (2018)

This paper describes the sintering properties and bonding properties of copper (Cu) die-bonding sinter paste for power devices operating at high temperatures. The Cu paste can be sintered pressureless in 100% 112 or under pressure in 100% N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> atmospheres. The as-sintered density, thermal conductivity and resistivity of pressureless-sintered Cu (in 100% 112, 300 °C, 1 h) is found to be 78%, 180 Wm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> K <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> and 4.3 μΩ·cm, respectively. The pressureless-sintered Cu has higher 0.2% proof stress than the pressure-sintered Ag (sintered density = 87%, in air, 300 °C, 10 MPa, 10 min) as a comparison material in a three-point bending test. The die-shear strength of appropriate pressure-less-sintered Cu on four different metal adherends (Cu, Ni, Ag and Au) was 30 MPa or higher. The die-shear strength of pressure-sintered Cu in 100% N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> was 36 MPa or higher. A thermal cycle tolerance of 1000 cycles or greater was shown in a power device test package which was bonded using the pressureless-sintered Cu and encapsulated with an epoxy molding compound. The Cu sinter paste can be used as a reliable die-bonding material for power modules operating at high temperatures.
A feedback-based adaptive multi-input multi-output signaling scheme (2003)

Achieving MIMO capacity requires knowledge of the channel state at the transmitter, which is impractical in systems with a limited feedback resource and high channel dynamics. The paper presents a feedback-based adaptive scheme utilizing a set of predetermined linear transformations. Given a channel realization, a transformation is chosen at the receiver based on an optimality criterion. The selected transformation is signaled to the transmitter with a minimum amount of feedback. We demonstrate that, with judicious choice of optimality criterion and transformation set, the proposed scheme provides 4.5 dB SNR gain over the open-loop MIMO scheme for a 2/spl times/2 scenario with only 2 bit feedback.
Fabrication of a high-density emitter array for electrospray thrusters using field emitter array process (2019)

Abstract To improve the thrust density of electrospray thrusters using ionic liquids as the propellant, we have fabricated a high-density emitter array utilizing the fabrication technique of a field emitter array (FEA) or gated nano electron sources. The density of the emitter array can reach approximately 4 million cm −2 , which is four orders of magnitude higher than that of conventional electrospray thrusters. Performing deep reactive ion etching from the back side of the same structure as FEAs and removing their Ni cones by dilute nitric acid, we have successfully fabricated sub- μ m scale capillary emitters with self-aligned extractor electrodes and ionic liquid reservoirs behind them. Current measurements were also conducted with EMI-BF 4 and EMI-DCA as the propellant. Although the ion was not extracted with EMI-BF 4 owing to its electrochemical reaction with the electrodes, both positive and negative ion currents were detected using EMI-DCA, where the current density exceeded that of conventional electrospray thrusters.
1-nm-capacitance-equivalent-thickness HfO2/Al2O3/InGaAs metal-oxide-semiconductor structure with low interface trap density and low gate leakage current density (2012)

We have studied the impact of the Al2O3 inter-layer on interface properties of HfO2/InGaAs metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) interfaces. We have found that the insertion of the ultrathin Al2O3 inter-layer (2 cycle: 0.2 nm) can effectively improve the HfO2/InGaAs interface properties. The frequency dispersion and the stretch-out of C-V characteristics are improved, and the interface trap density (Dit) value is significantly decreased by the 2 cycle Al2O3 inter-layer. Finally, we have demonstrated the 1-nm-thick capacitance equivalent thickness in the HfO2/Al2O3/InGaAs MOS capacitors with good interface properties and low gate leakage of 2.4 × 10−2 A/cm2.
A Novel Collaborative Cognitive Dynamic Network Architecture (2017)

Increasing mobile data demands in current cellular networks and the proliferation of advanced handheld devices have given rise to a new generation of dynamic network architectures (DNAs). In a DNA, users share their connectivities and act as access points providing Internet connections for others without additional network infrastructure cost. A large number of users and their dynamic connections make DNAs highly adaptive to variations in the network and suitable for low-cost ubiquitous Internet connectivity. In this article, we propose a novel collaborative cognitive DNA (CDNA) that incorporates cognitive capabilities to exploit underutilized spectrum in a more flexible and intelligent way. The design principles of CDNA are perfectly aligned to the functionality requirements of future 5G wireless networks such as energy and spectrum efficiency, scalability, dynamic reconfigurability, support for multihop communications, infrastructure sharing, and multi-operator cooperation. A case study with a new resource allocation problem enabled by CDNA is conducted using matching theory with pricing to illustrate the potential benefits of CDNA for users and operators, tackle user associations for data and spectrum trading with low complexity, and enable self-organizing capabilities. Finally, possible challenges and future research directions are given.
Search for top quark decays via Higgs-boson-mediated flavor-changing neutral currents in pp collisions at s = 8 $$ \sqrt{s}=8 $$ TeV (2017)

A search is performed for Higgs-boson-mediated flavor-changing neutral currents in the decays of top quarks. The search is based on proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb -1 at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. Events in which a top quark pair is produced with one top quark decaying into a charm or up quark and a Higgs boson (H), and the other top quark decaying into a bottom quark and a W boson are selected. The Higgs boson in these events is assumed to subsequently decay into either dibosons or difermions. No significant excess is observed above the expected standard model background, and an upper limit at the 95% confidence level is set on the branching fraction B (t Hc) of 0.40% and B (t Hu) of 0.55%, where the expected upper limits are 0.43% and 0.40%, respectively. These results correspond to upper limits on the square of the flavor-changing Higgs boson Yukawa couplings | H tc | 2 < 6.9 10 -3 and | H tu | 2 < 9.8 10 -3 .
An Effective Method for Acylation of Weakly Nucleophilic Anilines with Silyl Carboxylates via Mixed Anhydrides (1994)

Abstract In the presence of a catalytic amount of active titanium(IV) salt generated in situ from 1 mol of TiCl4 and 2 mol of AgOTf, weakly nucleophilic anilines react under mild conditions with nearly equimolar amounts of silyl carboxylates to afford the corresponding anilides in excellent yields using 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic anhydride. The mixed anhydride formed in situ from trimethylsily acetate and 4-(trifluoxomethyl)benzoic anhydride, a key intermediate of this reaction, was detected by 1H NMR experiment. Further, it was shown that the reaction of the mixed anhydrides and 2-nitroaniline was faster than that of the corresponding homo anhydrides and 2-nitroaniline.
Electric Vehicle Optimized Charge and Drive Management (2017)

Electric vehicles (EVs) have been considered as a solution to the environmental issues caused by transportation, such as air pollution and greenhouse gas emission. However, limited energy capacity, scarce EV supercharging stations, and long recharging time have brought anxiety to drivers who use EVs as their main mean of transportation. Furthermore, EV owners need to deal with a huge battery replacement cost when the battery capacity degrades. Yet in-house EV chargers affect the pattern of the power grid load, which is not favorable to the utilities. The driving route, departure/arrival time of daily trips, and electricity price influence the EV energy consumption, battery lifetime, electricity cost, and EV charger load on the power grid. The EV driving range and battery lifetime issues have been addressed by battery management systems and route optimization methodologies. However, in this article, we are proposing an optimized charge and drive management (OCDM) methodology that selects the optimal driving route, schedules daily trips, and optimizes the EV charging process while considering the driver’s timing preference. Our methodology will improve the EV driving range, extend the battery lifetime, reduce the recharging cost, and diminish the influence of EV chargers on the power grid. The performance of our methodology compared to the state of the art have been analyzed by experimenting on three benchmark EVs and three drivers. Our methodology has decreased EV energy consumption by 27%, improved the battery lifetime by 24.8%, reduced the electricity cost by 35%, and diminished the power grid peak load by 17% while increasing less than 20 minutes of daily driving time. Moreover, the scalability of our OCDM methodology for different parameters (e.g., time resolution and multiday cycles) in terms of execution time and memory usage has been analyzed.
''one-Pot'' Graphene Sheets Functionalization during the Electrochemical Exfoliation of Graphite (2016)

Graphene is undoubtedly one of the most attractive material for researchers, consequently the most intensively studied material due to its potential applications in several different areas. Various approaches are being developed for its large-scale preparation by green and cost-effective method. One of the best methods is the electrochemical exfoliation of graphite in an aqueous solution. However, for several applications graphene must be functionalized either non-covalently or covalently. In this work, graphene sheets produced electrochemically were functionalized during the exfoliation process. The resulting materials were characterized by several techniques such as Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, TEM, SEM, electronic conductivity measurements and electrochemical techniques.
Complex Small‐Molecule Architectures Regulate Phenotypic Plasticity in a Nematode (2012)

Chemistry the worm's way: The nematode Pristionchus pacificus constructs elaborate small molecules from modified building blocks of primary metabolism, including an unusual xylopyranose-based nucleoside (see scheme). These compounds act as signaling molecules to control adult phenotypic plasticity and dauer development and provide examples of modular generation of structural diversity in metazoans.
Plasmonic near‐field transducer for heat‐assisted magnetic recording (2014)

Abstract Plasmonic devices, made of apertures or antennas, have played significant roles in advancing the fields of optics and opto‐electronics by offering subwavelength manipulation of light in the visible and near infrared frequencies. The development of heat‐assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) opens up a new application of plasmonic nanostructures, where they act as near field transducers (NFTs) to locally and temporally heat a sub‐diffraction‐limited region in the recording medium above its Curie temperature to reduce the magnetic coercivity. This allows use of very small grain volume in the medium while still maintaining data thermal stability, and increasing storage density in the next generation hard disk drives (HDDs). In this paper, we review different plasmonic NFT designs that are promising to be applied in HAMR. We focus on the mechanisms contributing to the coupling and confinement of optical energy. We also illustrate the self‐heating issue in NFT materials associated with the generation of a confined optical spot, which could result in degradation of performance and failure of components. The possibility of using alternative plasmonic materials will be discussed.
Design methodology for a SEAREV wave energy converter (2006)

Abstract—This paper will begin by presenting two power takeoff (PTO) technologies for the SEAREV wave energy converter (WEC) followed by the design methodology applied to electromagnetic generator cycles for the all-electric solution. The operating principle associated with the SEAREVWEC will be described before discussing the two conversion technologies intended to transform wave energy into electricity. The types of systems are twofold: hydroelectric and all-electric. The strong coupling between the hydrodynamic, mechanical, and electrical phenomena heavily influences the behavior of the recovery (PTO) system and leads to a complex system design that requires a full-scale modeling description. A unique design methodology for the all-electric conversion chain has been developed around several distinct control modes, including one featuring power leveling.
NEMS based on top-down technologies: from stand-alone NEMS to VLSI NEMS & NEMS-CMOS integration (2008)

This paper reviews some recent advances related to NEMS based on top-down technologies: from stand-alone NEMS to VLSI NEMS and NEMS-CMOS integration.
Rational Molecular Design of Azaacene-Based Narrowband Green-Emitting Fluorophores: Modulation of Spectral Bandwidth and Vibronic Transitions (2021)

A series of green-emitting fluorophores based on a tetra-azaacene core is synthesized by introducing nitrile substituents at different positions. Their molecular structure-optical property relationship [i.e., vibronic transitions in photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL) spectra] is investigated to obtain a sharp emission where the vibronic peak ν<sub>0-0</sub> should be intensified by suppressing ν<sub>0-<i>n</i></sub> (<i>n</i> = 1, 2, 3...) transitions. The intensity ratios (<i>I</i><sub>0-1</sub>/<i>I</i><sub>0-0</sub>) of the ν<sub>0-1</sub> and ν<sub>0-0</sub> vibronic transitions in the PL spectra of DBBNP, DBBNP2CN1, and DBBNP2CN2 in hexane are 1.13, 0.80, and 0.67, respectively. Theoretical calculations explain that the CN substitution at positions 8 and 13 in DBBNP2CN2 induces a uniform charge distribution and reduces the Huang-Rhys factors (HRFs) of the vibrational normal modes coupled to the electronic transition. The organic light-emitting diode (OLED) fabricated with DBBNP2CN2 shows a narrower green EL emission at 518 nm with a smaller bandwidth (50 nm) than those of devices adopting DBBNP or DBBNP2CN1. The careful modification of the molecular structures and positions of substituents enables us to reduce the HRFs of vibrations to achieve a narrow emission bandwidth with decreased <i>I</i><sub>0-1</sub>/<i>I</i><sub>0-0</sub>, which suggests a design strategy to develop narrowband organic fluorophores to improve the color purity for wide-gamut OLED displays.
Facile synthesis of structurally diverse 5-oxopiperazine-2-carboxylates as dipeptide mimics and templates (2009)

A sequence of Michael addition of a primary amine onto methyl 2-chloro-2-cyclopropylidene-acetate (1), acylation of the adduct with alpha-bromo acid chlorides under modified Schotten-Baumann conditions and ring-closing twofold nucleophilic substitution on the thus formed bishalides 3a-e with aliphatic or aromatic amines according to a very simple protocol with final acid/base extraction or filtration over silica gel for purification leads to the 3-spirocyclopropanated 5-oxopiperazine-2-carboxylates 2 or in two cases, after intermolecular transesterification of 2, to bicyclic oxopiperazines 6, with a remarkable variability of the substituents R1-R3 in 39-99% yields (20 examples). Starting with alpha-bromophenylacetic acid chloride, the trans-configured 6-phenyl-5-oxopiperazine-2-carboxylates are formed preferentially.
Synthesis of Microporous Carbon Nanofibers and Nanotubes from Conjugated Polymer Network and Evaluation in Electrochemical Capacitor (2009)

Abstract One‐dimensional fibers and tubes are constructed through the oriented carbon‐carbon cross‐linking reactions towards rigid conjugated polymer networks. As the result, a template‐free and one‐step synthesis of CNTs and CNFs is achieved through a simple carbonization of the as‐formed carbon‐rich tubular and fiberlike polyphenylene precursors under argon. Microporous CNTs and CNFs with a surface area up to 900 m 2 g –1 are obtained, together with HR‐TEM characterizations indicating the formation of intrinsic microporous structure in these rigid carbon‐rich networks. The primary electrochemical experiments reveal their promising applications as advanced electrodes in electrochemical double‐layered capacitor (EDLC).
Gene-expression Classifier in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Validation and Application of a Classifier for Prognostication. (2016)

A 17-gene classifier for metastatic potential was developed, and the results showed a clear biological difference between groups. However, through validation, no prognostic significance of this classifier was shown.
New Disinfection Agents for Water (1984)

Abstract : Further comparisons of 3-chloro-4,4-dimethyl-2-oxazolidinone (Compound I) with calcium hypochlorite (HTH) as field water disinfectants have been made. A mixture of 10 parts Compound I and 1 part HTH at low total chlorine concentration (1 mg/L) was able to kill S. aureus in demand-free water rapidly at time zero due to the small amount of HTH present and then with Compound I disinfection kinetics upon several rechallenges over a 1-month period. Compound I was considerably more stable than was HTH in demand-free water under tropical conditions (37C) except in highly alkaline water(pH 9.5). Seven N-halamine disinfectants were synthesized during the past contract year. Most of these compounds were more bactericidal than Compound I; one of the compounds was more stable in water than Compound I. The efficacies of Compound I and HTH against rotavirus were compared under a variety of conditions with HTH being the better disinfectant. In similar experiments involving Entamoeba invadens and Giardia Lamblia Compound I was more effective than HTH in water disinfection. Mechanistic studies showed that Compound I attacks sulfhydryl groups on enzymes more rapidly than does HTH; on the other hand, aromatic amino acids react more efficiently with HTH than they do with Compound I. The mechanisms of action of the two compounds are clearly different and dependent upon the nature of the organism. Keywords: Water disinfections; N-Chloramines; HTH; Bacteria; Viruses; Protozoa; Giardia lamblia; Stability in water; 3-Chloro-4,4-dimethy1-2-oxazolidinone; Calcium hypochlorite.
A Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship for the Modulation Effects of Flavonoids on P-Glycoprotein-Mediated Transport (2010)

P-Glycoprotein accounts for multidrug resistance in chemotherapy patients and contributes to reduced oral bioavailability and distribution of drugs in the brain. The aim of this study was to establish the qualitative and quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) of flavonoid modulation effects on P-glycoprotein (P-gp)'s function. Using human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HCT15) cells as an in vitro model and fexofenadine as a P-gp substrate, the modulation effects on P-gp at three concentration levels of 22 representative compounds from four flavonoid families were evaluated. Results showed that the modulation (enhanced or inhibitory) effects could be divided into three ranges designated as enhanced (<100%) as compared to the control, low inhibitory (100-217%) and high inhibitory (>217%) as compared to verapamil. An optimal QSAR was constructed for Y1 (adjusted R(2)=0.4798), Y2 (adjusted R(2)=0.6809), and Y3 (adjusted R(2)=0.5902), respectively. This was further confirmed by a highly correlated plot of the predicted percent inhibition against observed values from a respective QSAR equation.