gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Insights and applications of two-dimensional simulations to Z-pinch experiments (1999)

A two-dimensional (2D) Eulerian radiation-magnetohydrodynamic code has been used to successfully simulate hollow metallic z-pinch experiments fielded on several facilities with a wide variety of drive conditions, time scales, and loads. The 2D simulations of these experiments reproduce important quantities of interest including the radiation pulse energy, power, and pulse width. This match is obtained through the use of an initial condition: the amplitude of a random density perturbation imposed on the initial plasma shell. The perturbations seed the development of magnetically driven Rayleigh–Taylor instabilities which greatly affect the dynamics of the implosion and the resulting production of radiation. Analysis of such simulations allows insights into the physical processes by which these calculations reproduce the experimental results. As examples, the insights gained from the simulations of Sandia “Z” accelerator [R. B. Spielman et al., Phys. Plasmas 5, 2105 (1998)] experiments have allowed for the investigation of possible physical processes which produce high powers in “nested array” implosions and high temperatures within “dynamic hohlraum” loads. Building on these insights, the 2D code has been used in designing new experiments to optimize the desired physical conditions and in interpreting the experimental results obtained. These examples and others will be discussed as well as examples of simulation results where improvement is needed and what steps are being taken to make that improvement.
Comparative ESR and Catalytic Studies of Ethylene Dimerization on Pd(II)-Exchanged Clinoptilolite, Mordenite, Ferrierite, and SUZ-4 (2001)

Catalytic activity for ethylene dimerization is studied in four palladium-exchanged zeolites, PdH-clinoptilolite, PdH-mordenite, PdH-ferrierite, and PdHK-SUZ-4, with different channel systems. The formation and adsorbate interactions of Pd(I) are also investigated for a better understanding of the role of Pd(I) on the catalytic reaction in these zeolites using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. Thermal and hydrogen reduction of Pd(II) in clinoptilolite, mordenite, ferrierite, and SUZ-4 produce isolated Pd(I) with somewhat different ESR parameters. The interaction of Pd(I) with various sizes of adsorbates shows some similarities in PdH-mordenite and PdH-ferrierite, indicating that Pd(I) is located in the main 12-ring and 10-ring channels of mordenite and ferrierite, respectively, where all the Pd(I) can coordinate with methanol and pyridine. However, SUZ-4 shows a noticeable difference in the way Pd(I) interacts with several adsorbates such as ammonia, methanol, and ethylene. These adsorbates reduce Pd(II) to Pd(I) at 298 K, leading to the formation of two Pd(I) ions situated at two different sites of SUZ-4. One is the same Pd(I) ion site formed by thermal reduction but it appears at higher intensity upon adsorption. The other Pd(I) is an isolated Pd(I) produced only after prolonged annealing with adsorbates. Our ESR and catalytic results show that Pd(I) is active for ethylene dimerization in these four channel-type zeolites. This activity is dependent on the location and accessibility of Pd(I) and the reaction temperature. All catalysts deactivate due to the further reduction of Pd(I) by ethylene and butene. Analysis of the composition of butene products indicates that PdH-clinoptilolite and PdHK-SUZ-4 reach a thermal equilibrium distribution faster than do PdH-mordenite and PdH-ferrierite.
Elimination of spurious noise due to time-to-digital converter (2009)

We propose an improved architecture of a multi-GHz all-digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL) that is free from spurious tones caused by the finite resolution of the phase detection process. These tones appear at the RF output when the synthesized frequency is very close to the integer-N multiple of the reference frequency. The phase detection in the ADPLL is performed by a time-to-digital converter (TDC), whose typical resolution of 10-30 ps is sufficient for the GSM-quality RF operation. While the TDC quantization noise does not normally produce significant phase noise degradation, the near-integer-N condition makes the loop ill-behaved such that the total quantization energy falls close to dc and will not get filtered by the loop filter. The proposed solution of randomizing the TDC quantization noise is verified through comprehensive and detailed simulations.
The biocompatibility of biofuel cells operating inside the body (2020)

In 1968 Wolfson et al. published the concept for producing energy inside the body using catalytic electrodes exposed to the body fluid as an electrolyte and utilising naturally occurring fuels such as glucose. Since then, the technology has advanced to enhance the levels of power using enzymes immobilised within three-dimensional bioelectrodes that are nanostructured. Current research in the field of enzymatic fuel cells is directed toward applying electrochemical and nanostructural expertise to increase the energy density, to increase the power density, to increase the operational stability, and to increase the voltage output. Nonetheless, biocompatibility remains the major challenge for increasing the life-time for implanted enzymatic biofuel cells. Here, we discuss the current issues for biocompatibility and suggest directions to enhance the design of biofuel cells so as to increase the life-time of implantation whilst maintaining sufficient performance to provide power for implanted medical devices.
Reactions of t-Butylphosphine–Borane with Various Electrophiles and Synthesis of Optically Active t-Butylmethylphosphine–Borane (2002)

Abstract The reactivity of t-butylphosphine–borane toward various electrophiles was studied with a focus on alkylation. Monoalkylation of this compound proceeded smoothly in good yields (61–85%). Disubstituted derivatives were also synthesized in good yields (86–99%). Optically active t-butylmethylphosphine–borane was prepared from t-butylphosphine–borane by resolution of intermediate diastereomers of (1S)-endo-2-bornyloxycarbonyl(t-butyl)methylphosphine-borane.
<title>"Talking head" system using object-oriented display</title> (2001)

This paper proposes 'X'tal Head (Crystal Head)' using 'X'tal Vision (Crystal Vision)' and a fixed screen based visual system for 'telexistence.' X'tal Vision is a projection-based augmented-reality system composed of a projector with a small iris and a retroreflective screen. The fixed screen based telexistence visual system is based on a fixed-orientation link mechanism. We applied X'tal Head to telecommunication as a novel implementation of the traditional 'Talking Head' system. As these systems use face-shaped screens, they pose the difficulty of matching the projected face to the shape of the screen. Our solution takes another approach, named X'tal Head. On the remote end, a fixed-orientation camera captures the image and tracks the orientation of a person's head. At the receiving end, a user can observe the remote person's head image, which is projected onto a retroreflective screen. This screen is attached to a mechanism that is controlled to follow the remote person's head motion. If the remote person nods his/her head, the screen and projected image not together. Thus, the user can observe the stereoscopic head image with an improved sensation of existence.
Crystal structure of cyanotri(isopropyl)phosphinegold(I), [(C3H7)3PAuCN] (1998)

Source of material: The [(isopropyl)3PAuCl] was prepared by addition of the tri(isopropyl)phosphine to an ethanolic solution of NaAuCU -The title complex was then synthesized by adding solid KCN directly to the ethanolic solution of [(isopropyl)3PAuCl]. In another method, a slurry of ! in acetone, and tri(isopro-pyOphosphine and KCN both in solid state, were mixed under dark resulting in the title complex in about 50% yield. Carbonbound H atoms were placed in idealized positions [C-H = 0.96 , U(H) = 0.08 ^(riding)]. The H atom parameters were not refined. The present study on the AuCN complex of tri(isopropyl)phosphine, was prompted to investigate further the effects of steric and electronic characteristics of the ligands on the formation of monomers versus ionic complexes. The gold atom in the title complex has linear coordination with C(l)-Au(l)-P(l) angle of 177(2) (Table The C(l) atom of the CN" ion is at 2.02(2) from Au(l) whereas P(l) atom of the tri(isopropyl)phosphine is at 2.284(4) . These distances are not significantly different from the corresponding distances in other tri(alkyl/aryl/hexyl)phosphine complexes of AuCN. The corresponding Au-C and Au-P distances, in PhsPAuCN are 1.85(4) and 2.27 (see ref. 1 ) and 2.00(2) -2.06(3) and 2.268(6) -2.279(6) in MesPAuCN (see ref 2). The P(l) atom of tri(isopropyl)phosphine has usual tetrahedral geometry. Contrary to an ionic [(CEP)2Au][Au(CN)2] complex in liquid as well as in solid states, the crystal structure of the title complex revealed no ionic species in the crystalline state. Neither any significant changes in the coordination sphere nor in the Au-P and Au-C distances were observed as a function of changing the functional groups on the phosphines. CIOH2IAUNP, orthorhombic, Pnali (No. 33), a =15.232(3) , b =7.708(2) ,c =11267(2) , V=1322.9 ^Z =4, pm =1.940 gcm'^ R(F) =0.049, Rv^F^) =0.133.
Molecular Events in Developmental Regulation of Neuroendocrine Genes: Characterization of the Novel Neuropeptide CGRP (1983)

The complexity of CNS function is attributable to the extraordinarily intricate pattern of neural interconnections, the large number of regulatory molecules that are produced and secreted by neurons, and the diversity of the neuronal receptor systems. What remains unclear is whether there exist any biological processes unique to neural tissues that are responsible for the requisite functional complexity of the brain. The challenge, then, is to define the developmental mechanisms responsible for the neuronal migration and interconnection patterns and for neuron-specific patterns of gene expression. These events are likely to be critical for specific functions such as memory, learning, and behavior. In this paper we shall try to describe an approach used to identify novel regulatory neuropeptides in the absence of prior structural or functional information. The analysis of calcitonin gene expression in brain revealed the operation of a new developmental mechanism involved in the generation of diversity of brain...
A205 Proposition of Grasp Model of Manipulators Driven by Pneumatic Actuator (2011)

Robots are expected to be introduced into welfare fields. Because multifingered manipulators can accomplish various tasks, they are much more interesting. Most of the developed multifingered manipulators in previous researches have motor-drive system. Because of their high stiffness, these robots could harm the object they are grasping. Therefore, they can't be safely introduced in welfare fields. Pneumatically-driving system caught our attention as a safe driving source. In this research, we adopt an artificial muscle-type pneumatic actuator as a drive source. Some research works developed interesting human-like manipulators driven by these pneumatic actuators. However, their grasping ability only relies on the flexibility of such actuator, and no grasping model has been made. Therefore, in this research, we propose the grasping model of a couple of 2-link manipulators driven by pneumatic actuators, in which manipulators are face to face.
A short stereoselective synthesis of (+)-(6R,2′S)-cryptocaryalactone via ring-closing metathesis (2009)

A short stereoselective synthesis of (+)-(6R,2'S)-cryptocaryalactone was successfully completed. Key steps included the application of Carreira's asymmetric alkynylation reaction to form a propargylic alcohol and subsequently lactone formation using the powerful ring-closing metathesis reaction.
LBWS: a load‐balanced distributed scheduler for WASPNET optical packet switches (2007)

Abstract In this paper we propose a novel scheduling approach for optical packet switching (OPS) WASPNET nodes, LBWS. Unlike the original WASPNET description, our scheduler is fully distributed and its computational cost is independent from switch size. This allows shorter packets, improving network performance. Based on a deterministic evolution of the switch configuration, our scheduling algorithm predicts packet delays at packet ingress to guarantee switch stability, and assigns fibre delay lines (FDLs) accordingly. It is not necessary to emulate RAM memories, since we assign delay lines according to packet delay predictions. We demonstrate that LBWS outperforms WASPNET in the cases studied, for nonuniform input traffic. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Mechanism for Superior Subluxation of the Glenohumeral Joint in Patients Who Have Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (1998)

Progressive heterotopic ossification leads to ankylosis of the major joints in patients who have fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva. Joint subluxation has not been recognized widely in patients with this disease. The clinical records and radiographs of 79 patients with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva were reviewed and, it was found that humeral to chest wall synostosis and subluxation of the glenohumeral joint had occurred in 21 % of skeletally immature patients and in 74% of skeletally mature patients. In fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, synostosis of the humeral shaft to the chest wall commonly occurs by 7 years of age, well before the age of proximal physeal closure. The continued growth of the proximal humeral physis in the presence of a humeral to chest wall synostosis causes the humeral head to migrate superiorly, thus promoting growth related subluxation. The clinical significance of this finding for patients who have fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva is unknown, but this unique model will be useful in the study of shoulder biomechanics and growth plate physiology.
Admission Cardiac Diagnostic Testing with Electrocardiography and Troponin Measurement Prognosticates Increased 30‐Day Mortality in COVID‐19 (2020)

Background Cardiovascular involvement in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is common and leads to worsened mortality. Diagnostic cardiovascular studies may be helpful for resource appropriation and identifying patients at increased risk for death. Methods and Results We analyzed 887 patients (aged 64±17 years) admitted with COVID-19 from March 1 to April 3, 2020 in New York City with 12 lead electrocardiography within 2 days of diagnosis. Demographics, comorbidities, and laboratory testing, including high sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT), were abstracted. At 30 days follow-up, 556 patients (63%) were living without requiring mechanical ventilation, 123 (14%) were living and required mechanical ventilation, and 203 (23%) had expired. Electrocardiography findings included atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter (AF/AFL) in 46 (5%) and ST-T wave changes in 306 (38%). 27 (59%) patients with AF/AFL expired as compared to 181 (21%) of 841 with other non-life-threatening rhythms (<i>P</i><0.001). Multivariable analysis incorporating age, comorbidities, AF/AFL, QRS abnormalities, and ST-T wave changes, and initial hs-cTnT ≥20 ng/L showed that increased age (HR 1.04/year), elevated hs-cTnT (HR 4.57), AF/AFL (HR 2.07), and a history of coronary artery disease (HR 1.56) and active cancer (HR 1.87) were associated with increased mortality. Conclusions Myocardial injury with hs-cTnT ≥20 ng/L, in addition to cardiac conduction perturbations, especially AF/AFL, upon hospital admission for COVID-19 infection is associated with markedly increased risk for mortality than either diagnostic abnormality alone.
CENTRAL VENOUS ACCESS PORTS IN CHILDREN TREATED FOR HEMATOPOIETIC MALIGNANCIES (2008)

During past 10 years 234 central venous access ports (CVAP) were implanted in 225 patients at the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology in Zabrze. Mean exposure time was 745 days and total implantation time reached 173,768 days. Complications were encountered in 17 patients (7.6%). This mainly concerned central venous line infection, which led to removal of 10 CVAP (4.4%). The remaining complications necessitating removal of the CVAP consisted mainly of mechanical problems (catheter fracture, occlusion, and erroneous implantation to artery). In the opinion of the authors, subcutaneously implanted CVAP are a safe and effective option for high-dose chemotherapy deliverance in childhood cancer patients.
KnowGL: Knowledge Generation and Linking from Text (2022)

We propose KnowGL, a tool that allows converting text into structured relational data represented as a set of ABox assertions compliant with the TBox of a given Knowledge Graph (KG), such as Wikidata. We address this problem as a sequence generation task by leveraging pre-trained sequence-to-sequence language models, e.g. BART. Given a sentence, we fine-tune such models to detect pairs of entity mentions and jointly generate a set of facts consisting of the full set of semantic annotations for a KG, such as entity labels, entity types, and their relationships. To showcase the capabilities of our tool, we build a web application consisting of a set of UI widgets that help users to navigate through the semantic data extracted from a given input text. We make the KnowGL model available at https://huggingface.co/ibm/knowgl-large.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of 2‐Phenyl‐4H‐1,3,2‐benzodioxaborin, a Stable ortho‐Quinone Methide Precursor. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Integrated silicon photonic temperature sensors based on bragg reflectors with asymmetric fano lineshapes (2012)

We investigate theoretically and experimentally temperature sensors based on asymmetric Fano resonances in integrated silicon Bragg reflectors. A temperature sensitivity of 77pm/°C can be achieved due to thermo-optic effect of silicon.
Mechanism of Ribonuclease A Endocytosis: Analogies to Cell-Penetrating Peptides (2011)

Pancreatic-type ribonucleases can exert toxic activity by catalyzing the degradation of cellular RNA. Their ability to enter cells is essential for their cytotoxicity. Here, we determine the mechanism by which bovine pancreatic ribonuclease (RNase A) enters human cells. Inhibiting clathrin-dependent endocytosis with dynasore or chlorpromazine decreases RNase A-uptake by ~70%. Limited colocalization between RNase A and transferrin indicates that RNase A is not routed through recycling endosomes. Instead, vesicular staining of RNase A overlaps substantially with that of nona-arginine and the cationic peptide corresponding to residues 47-57 of the HIV-1 TAT protein. At low concentrations (<5 μM), internalization of RNase A and these cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) is inhibited by chlorpromazine as well as the macropinocytosis inhibitors cytochalasin D and 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)amiloride to a similar extent, indicative of common endocytic mechanism. At high concentrations, CPPs adopt a nonendocytic mechanism of cellular entry that is not shared by RNase A. Collectively, these data suggest that RNase A is internalized via a multipathway mechanism that involves both clathrin-coated vesicles and macropinosomes. The parallel between the uptake of RNase A and CPPs validates reference to RNase A as a "cell-penetrating protein".
Detection of Fe2+ valence states in Fe doped SrTiO3 epitaxial thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition (2013)

We present an X-ray absorption spectroscopy study on Fe-doped SrTiO3 thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition. The Fe L2,3 edge spectra are recorded for doping concentrations from 0-5% after several annealing steps at moderate temperatures. The Fe valence state is determined by comparison with an ilmenite reference sample and calculations according to the charge transfer multiplet model. We found clear evidence of Fe(2+) and Fe(3+) oxidation states independently of the doping concentration. The Fe(2+) signal is enhanced at the surface and increases after annealing. The Fe(2+) configuration is in contrast to the mixed Fe(3+)/Fe(4+) valence state in bulk material and must be explained by the specific defect structure of the thin films due to the kinetically limited growth which induces a high concentration of oxygen vacancies.
Aqueous Chemical Solution Deposition (2007)

Material screening of gate dielectrics for complementary metal oxide semiconductor applications is often complicated by the inability to deposit test samples. We examine the aqueous chemical solution deposition (CSD) technique as a simple, inexpensive, and fast technique to deposit thin metal-oxide layers. We deposited Nd2O3 layers on 1.2 nm SiO2. The thinnest stack (7.2 nm) yielded an equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) of 3.1 nm with a gate-leakage current of 1.4 x 10(-6) A/cm(2) at V-FB - 3 V. EOT scales linearly with physical thickness, allowing a k-value extraction, approximately 14. Our results suggest that aqueous CSD is a viable method for fast gate-dielectrics screening. (c) 2007 The Electrochemical Society.
Molecular Transport Junctions Created By Self‐Contacting Gapped Nanowires (2016)

Molecular transport junctions (MTJs) are important components in molecular electronic devices. However, the synthesis of MTJs remains a significant challenge, as the dimensions of the junction must be tailored for each experiment, based on the molecular lengths. A novel methodology is reported for forming MTJs, taking advantage of capillary and van der Waals forces.
ChemInform Abstract: Caged and Uncaged Ruthenium(II)‐Polypyridine Complexes. Comparative Study of the Photochemical, Photophysical, and Electrochemical Properties. (1989)

Abstract The absorption spectra, emission spectra, luminescence lifetimes, luminescence quantum yields, luminescence quenching by dioxygen, photochemical behavior, and redox potentials of the complexes (II) and (III) are studied and compared with those of the parent compounds (I).
Anti-tumor efficacy and immune responses induced by a novel therapeutic HPV-specific gorilla adenovirus off-the-shelf immunotherapeutic (PRGN-2009) (2020)

Abstract There are about 44,000 cases of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) associated cancer each year in the US, most commonly caused by HPV 16 and 18. Prophylactic vaccines have been successful at preventing healthy patients from acquiring HPV infections via the induction of HPV specific antibodies. To treat established HPV-associated malignancies, however, the continued development of new therapies is necessary. One promising new modality is HPV immunotherapeutics, which target the HPV 16 and 18 oncoproteins E6 and E7 with the goal to activate antigen specific cytotoxic T cells. Here, we evaluated PRGN-2009, a novel gorilla adenovirus GAd HPV off-the-shelf immunotherapeutic containing multiple CTL agonist epitopes of E6 and E7 to enhance the immune responses. Three weekly administrations with PRGN-2009 in the TC-1 mouse model led to decreases in tumor volume and weight, and significant increases in HPV16 E6-specific splenocytes evaluated by IFNg ELISPOT. PRGN-2009 also increased the tumor-infiltrating CD8 and CD4 T cells, as well as multi-functional (IFNg+, GzmB+) CD8 T cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Additionally, PRGN-2009 was tested in SiHa, a human HPV16+ cervical tumor, in the NSG β2m−/− PBMC humanized mouse model. Weekly PRGN-2009 administrations led to a reduction in tumor and a trending increase in CD8 and CD4 T cells in the tumor; IHC confirmed the increase of CD8 T cells into the TME. These studies provide the first evaluation of the GAd HPV off-the-shelf immunotherapeutic PRGN-2009 and its therapeutic impact against HPV-associated cancers.