gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optical transpose interconnection system (1992)

The optical transpose interconnection system (OTIS) is an optical interconnection scheme that provides transpose transformations on 2-D indexed 2-D arrays of transmitters and detectors. These transformations are required in shuffle-tree graph 1 (STG) architectures. The STG supports various matrix computations, such as matrix transpose, vector outer-product, and matrix-vector multiplications. These computations are useful for signal processing, artificial intelligence, relational databases, artificial neural systems, and crossbar interconnections. The OTIS optical system can also be used to implement <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="eq1" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mtext>N</mml:mtext> </mml:msqrt> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> -shuffle 2 multistage interconnection networks (MINs) which have the advantage that only a constant number of optical stages is required for routing or sorting applications. The OTIS optical system is bi-directional. This can prove useful for backpropagation neural networks and MINs. In this case, it allows blocking information inside the MIN to be accessed by a data packet sender. We will present the design and experimental demonstration of the OTIS optical system. We will also present the necessary electronics that connect the transmitter and detector subarrays allowing efficient optoelectronic implementations of shuffle-tree graphs and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="eq2" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mtext>N</mml:mtext> </mml:msqrt> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> -shuffle architectures.
Acting like Actin (2000)

The crawling movement of eukaryotic cells requires establishment of cell polarity, extension of the leading edge, attachment to the substratum, and retraction of the cell body. Each of these events depends on the dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton that are orchestrated by a host of signaling
Hereditary Spherocytosis: How the New Information Provided by the Routine Hematology Analysers May Help in Its Differential Diagnosis or Flagging (2012)

Abstract Abstract 5163 Introduction: Hereditary Spherocytosis (HS) is one of the most common inherited hemolytic anemias. Many of them are autosomal dominant, being about 25% of the cases transmitted recessively. Diagnostic of HS: Classic testing for HS includes: Hematologic testing of red blood cell indices (RDW, MCHC, Reticulocyte count), peripheral blood smear (presence of spherocytes), osmotic fragility and Eosin-5-maleimide binding to band 3 and Rh-related proteins forms that may be used as screening tests for hereditary spherocytosis. Objective: Recently have been developed new parameters and information in the new automated hematology analyzer called DxH8008™ from Beckman Coulter as @MSCV (@Mean Sphered Cell Volume), @RSF, @MAF, @ LHD%. All this parameters may be used to create flagging for laboratory use only (LUO) or Research use only (RUO). The purpose of this study is to investigate the possible use or utility of this new information for the screening/flagging of Hereditary Spherocytosis. There are previous studies showing the possible benefit of using MCV minus @MSCV for the detection/flagging of cases with spherocytes. Patient and Methods: We have collected 28 patients with Hereditary Spherocytosis. All of them were confirmed by red cell morphology, osmotic fragility and Eosin-5-maleimide binding to band 3 and Rh-related proteins forms. Results: Using ROC analysis, the best parameters differentiating the Hereditary Spherocytosis from the normals were: RET% (AUC 0. 996), MCV - @MSCV (AUC 0. 996), @MSCV (AUC 0. 969), RDW(AUC 0. 892), MCHC (AUC 0. 860), HGB (AUC 0. 787). Using ROC analysis, the best parameters differentiating the Hereditary Spherocytosis from other anemias (excluding normals)were: MCV - @MSCV (AUC 0. 991), MCHC (AUC 0. 987), RET% (AUC 0. 857). Disclosures: Simon-Lopez: Beckman Coulter: @LHD, @MAF, @RSF, @LHD, @MAF, @RSF Patents &amp; Royalties, Employment. Di Gaetano:Instrumentation Laboratory spa: Work for a distributor of Beckman Coulter Instruments in Italy Other. Galanello:Novartis: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Apopharma: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Ferrokin: Research Funding.
Redefining Requirements of Ancillary Services for Technology Agnostic Sources (2018)

New sources for ancillary services are needed, yet the requirements for service provision in most countries are explicitly formulated for traditional generators. This leads to waste of the potential for new technologies to deliver ancillary services. In order to harness this potential, we propose to parameterize the requirements of ancillary services so that reserves can be built by combining the advantageous properties of different technologies. The proposal is exemplified through a laboratory test where it shown that the system needs can be covered through cheaper and smaller reserves.
L’apport du géoradar pour l’étude des impacts géomorphologiques du tsunami du 26 décembre 2004 (2011)

This article aims at emphasizing the importance of the Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) campaign that has been carried out after the December 26th, 2004 tsunami. Out of a large amount of data collected in the field, we are unveiling here the sand dunes’ erosion and the correlated sandy deposits. This study takes place in Lampuuk at two different spots where either erosion or deposition was clearly identified. GPR data were completed with traditional destructive methods in order to calibrate the radargram. Results concern the coastal dunes’ eroded structure chopped by the tsunami. This structure appeared as a succession of 45° inclined layers, horizontally cut on the top, with, a post-tsunami sandy deposit cover – this last deposit certainly brought by wind deflation. The deposit area – in a coconut trees field – is located behind the dunes-field. It revealed a layered structure of sandy deposit that coincides with the water table progressive retreat. The sandy deposits were in average 45 cm deep, and showed some local variations mainly due to topography details. Then, owing to 3D processing we could also calculate the tsunami deposit volume in the coconut trees plantation: 4 415 m3.ha-1. In the end, the GPR allowed us to detect non-autochthonous deposits bellow the 2004 tsunami deposit that certainly result from a paleo-tsunami.
A 1-Gb DRAM for file applications (1995)

A time-shared offset-canceling sensing scheme, a defective word-line Hi-Z standby scheme, and a flexible multimacro architecture have been developed for 1-Gb DRAM. These circuit technologies have been applied to a 1-Gb DRAM for file applications employing 0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS process technology, a diagonal bit-line cell, and a two-stage pipeline circuit technique. In this DRAM, a 30% chip size reduction and a 400-MB/s data transfer rate have been achieved. A 100% improvement in yield has been estimated by Monte-Carlo simulation. The 1-Gb DRAM die size is 936 mm/sup 2/. The cell size is 0.54 /spl mu/m/sup 2/. The operating current is 58 mA at 2 V and 100 MHz.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Hyperactivation Results in Lapatinib Resistance that Is Reversed by the mTOR/Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Inhibitor NVP-BEZ235 (2023)

Supplementary Figure 3 from Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Hyperactivation Results in Lapatinib Resistance that Is Reversed by the mTOR/Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Inhibitor NVP-BEZ235
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Chloroisothreonine Derivatives via syn‐Stereoselective Mannich‐Type Additions Across N‐Sulfinyl‐α‐chloroimines. (2014)

Abstract The synthesized chloroisothreonine derivatives [(III) and (VII)] are further converted to aziridines (IV) and biologically relevant oxazolidinones (V).
Sensitivity of night cooling performance to room/system design: surrogate models based on CFD (2012)

Night cooling, especially in offices, attracts growing interest. Unfortunately, building designers face considerable problems with the case-specific convective heat transfer by night. The BES programs they use actually need extra input, from either costly experiments or CFD simulations. Alternatively, up-front research on how to engineer best a generic night cooled office – as in this work – can thrust the application of night cooling. A fully automated configuration of data sampling, geometry/grid generation, CFD solving and surrogate modelling, generates several surrogate models. These models relate the convective heat flow in a night cooled landscape office to the ventilation concept, mass distribution, geometry and driving force for convective heat transfer. The results indicate that cases with a thermally massive floor have the highest night cooling performance.
Demonstration of Noncorrosive, Capacitance- Based Water-Treatment Technology for Chilled-Water Cooling Systems (2014)

This project demonstrated and validated a high-voltage capacitance-based water-treatment system for chilled-water cooling systems that was previously evaluated in separate work by the U.S.
The metropolis keyboard - an exploration of quantitative techniques for virtual keyboard design (2000)

Text entry user interfaces have been a bottleneck of nontraditional computing devices. One of the promising methods is the virtual keyboard on touch screens. Various layouts have been manually designed to replace the dominant QWERTY layout. This paper presents two computerized quantitative design techniques to search for the optimal virtual keyboard. The first technique simulated the dynamics of a keyboard with "digraph springs" between keys, which produced a "Hooke's" keyboard with 41.6 wpm performance. The second technique used a Metropolis random walk algorithm guided by a "Fitts energy" objective function, which produced a "Metropolis" keyboard with 43.1 wpm performance.
Towards future systems with nano-optics contributions (2013)

The long anticipated deployment of nano-optics that can enable next generation computing has encountered several practical impediments that have delayed widespread adoption in commercial processes. However, the global market in nano-enabled products is expected to grow to over $80B USD within the next 3 years. In response, the research community is creating solutions to overcome challenging issues such as reliability and cost-effective fabrication. New approaches in sensing, continuous uptime powering, and post silicon manufacturing will maximize overall performance and allow unprecedented commercial applications. This paper reviews present limitations of nano-optics and then considers the new generation of devices and their manufacturing that may turn promises into reality. We highlight several recent innovations: high sensitivity/selectivity nano-optical sensing devices; sustainable power from polymer energy harvesting and storage; optical variable devices for visual authentication of secure documents; and nano-template masters for high-volume manufacturing.
Minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (1999)

Minimally invasive coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is a promising variation on traditional CABG, avoiding the risks of sternotomy and cardiopulmonary bypass. This article describes the procedure, patient-selection criteria, and postoperative care.
A new transformation and integration scheme for the compressible boundary layer equations, and solution behavior at separation (1983)

Includes bibliographical references
Compositional Scene Representation Learning via Reconstruction: A Survey (2022)

Visual scenes are composed of visual concepts and have the property of combinatorial explosion. An important reason for humans to efficiently learn from diverse visual scenes is the ability of compositional perception, and it is desirable for artificial intelligence to have similar abilities. Compositional scene representation learning is a task that enables such abilities. In recent years, various methods have been proposed to apply deep neural networks, which have been proven to be advantageous in representation learning, to learn compositional scene representations via reconstruction, advancing this research direction into the deep learning era. Learning via reconstruction is advantageous because it may utilize massive unlabeled data and avoid costly and laborious data annotation. In this survey, we first outline the current progress on reconstruction-based compositional scene representation learning with deep neural networks, including development history and categorizations of existing methods from the perspectives of the modeling of visual scenes and the inference of scene representations; then provide benchmarks, including an open source toolbox to reproduce the benchmark experiments, of representative methods that consider the most extensively studied problem setting and form the foundation for other methods; and finally discuss the limitations of existing methods and future directions of this research topic.
Mechanoresponsive Tuning of Anisotropic Wetting on Hierarchically Structured Patterns (2018)

Here, we propose a simple mechanoresponsive system on patterned soft surfaces to manipulate both anisotropy and orientation of liquid wetting. On the poly(dimethylsiloxane) embedding line patterned structures, additional topographies, such as wrinkles and cracks, can be provided by applying compressive and tensile stress, respectively. This tunable hierarchy of structures with the different scales and directions of lines, wrinkles, and cracks allow the mechanoresponsive control of anisotropic wetting in a single platform. In addition, the wetting behavior on those surfaces is precisely investigated based on the concept of critical contact angle to overcome the ridges in a step flow.
Cloning and characterization of the pyrF operon of Salmonella typhimurium (1987)

The pyrF gene of Salmonella typhimurium encoding the sixth enzyme of pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis, OMP decarboxylase, was isolated from a pyrF-complementing R' factor. A 2.0-kbp DNA fragment, generated by PvuI cleavage, was subsequently subcloned into the multicopy vector pBR322 and shown to contain the intact pyrF gene. Bacterial strains harbouring the resulting plasmid contain 15-20-fold elevated levels of OMP decarboxylase, and these levels increase 4-5-fold during uracil starvation. Experiments utilizing minicells identified the gene product as a polypeptide with a molecular mass of approximately 27 kDa. Furthermore, it was found that the pyrF gene is expressed as the first gene of a bicistronic operon, wherein the second gene encodes an 11-kDa polypeptide of unknown functions. The complete nucleotide sequence of the pyrF operon was determined. An open reading frame, encoding a polypeptide with a calculated molecular mass of 26213 Da, was deduced to be the coding region for pyrF. Another open reading frame, with a translational start codon which overlaps the translational stop codons of the pyrF gene, encodes a polypeptide of 11513 Da. This open reading frame represents the coding region for the second gene of the operon, orfF. S1-nuclease mapping indicated that pyrF transcription is initiated 54 bases upstream of the translational start. The leader region does not show any features resembling the attenuators found preceding the pyrBI operon and the pyrE gene.
3D Motion Adapted Gating: Eine neue Navigatortechnik zur Verkürzung der Messzeit bei der MR-Koronarangiographie (2005)

The 3D MAG technique improves the navigator efficiency and significantly (p < 0.05) shortens the scan time of navigator gated coronary MRA while maintaining image quality and diagnostic accuracy in the detection of coronary artery stenoses.
Redirecting the Neo-Substrate Specificity of Cereblon-Targeting PROTACs to Helios (2022)

Immunomodulatory imide drugs (IMiDs), such as thalidomide and its analogues, are some of the most commonly utilized E3 ligase ligands for the development of proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs). While the canonical neo-substrates of IMiDs (i.e., Ikaros and Aiolos) are often considered to be unwanted targets of PROTACs, maintaining the degradation of these neo-substrates also provides the opportunity to synergistically degrade multiple proteins with a single compound. Here, we report the development of ALV-07-082-03, a CDK4/CDK6/Helios triple degrader that consists of palbociclib, an FDA-approved CDK4/6 inhibitor, conjugated to DKY709, a novel IMiD-based Helios degrader. Pharmacological codegradation of CDK4/6 and Helios resulted in potent suppression of downstream signaling and proliferation in cancer cells, as well as enhanced derepression of IL-2 secretion. Thus, not only do we demonstrate the possibility of rationally redirecting the neo-substrate specificity of PROTACs by incorporating alternative molecular glue molecules as E3 ligase ligands but our findings also suggest that cotargeting CDK4/6 and Helios may have synergistic effects.
Modern therapy of rectal carcinoma. (2008)

Throughout the past decade the treatment of rectal carcinoma has improved remarkably. Today, individualized multimodality treatment allows local and distant tumor freedom with preservation of anorectal and genitourinary function in a majority of patients. Radiotherapy is elementary in reducing the risk of local recurrence whereas chemotherapy including promising novel agents prevents or eliminates distant metastases. However, surgery revolutionized by TME (total mesorectal excision) remains the only curative treatment for rectal carcinoma. In this study the authors review the developments as well as the current status of modern treatment for rectal carcinoma.
A Review of Enzyme-Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation Applicability in the Oil and Gas Industry (2022)

Enzyme-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (EICP) techniques are used in several disciplines and for a wide range of applications. In the oil and gas industry, EICP is a relatively new technique and is actively used for enhanced oil recovery applications, removal of undesired chemicals and generating desired chemicals <i>in situ</i>, and plugging of fractures, lost circulation, and sand consolidation. Many oil- and gas-bearing formations encounter the problem of the flow of sand grains into the wellbore along with the reservoir fluids. This study offers a detailed review of sand consolidation using EICP to solve and prevent sand production issues in oil and gas wells. Interest in bio-cementation techniques has gained a sharp increase recently due to their sustainable and environmentally friendly nature. An overview of the factors affecting the EICP technique is discussed with an emphasis on the <i>in situ</i> reactions, leading to sand consolidation. Furthermore, this study provides a guideline to assess sand consolidation performance and the applicability of EICP to mitigate sand production issues in oil and gas wells.
Interaction of the synaptic protein PICK1 (protein interacting with C kinase 1) with the non-voltage gated sodium channels BNC1 (brain Na+ channel 1) and ASIC (acid-sensing ion channel) (2002)

Neuronal members of the degenerin/epithelial Na(+) channel (DEG/ENaC) family of cation channels include the mammalian brain Na(+) channel 1 (BNC1), acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) and dorsal-root acid-sensing ion channel (DRASIC). Their response to acidic pH, their sequence similarity to nematode proteins involved in mechanotransduction and their modulation by neuropeptides suggest that they may function as receptors for a number of different stimuli. Using the yeast two-hybrid assay, we found that the PDZ domain-containing protein PICK1 (protein interacting with C kinase) interacts specifically with the C-termini of BNC1 and ASIC, but not DRASIC or the related alphaENaC or betaENaC. In both the yeast two-hybrid system and mammalian cells, deletion of the BNC1 and ASIC C-termini abolished the interaction with PICK1. Likewise, mutating the PDZ domain in PICK1 abolished its interaction with BNC1 and ASIC. In addition, in a heterologous expression system PICK1 altered the distribution of BNC1 channels; this effect was dependent on the PDZ domain of PICK1 and the C-terminus of BNC1. We found crude synaptosomal fractions of brain to be enriched in ASIC, suggesting a possible synaptic localization. Moreover, in transfected hippocampal neurons ASIC co-localized with PICK1 in a punctate pattern at synapses. These data suggest that PICK1 binds ASIC and BNC1 via its PDZ domain. This interaction may be important for the localization and/or function of these channels in both the central and peripheral nervous systems.
Zirconium, calcium, and strontium contents in magnesium based biodegradable alloys modulate the efficiency of implant-induced osseointegration (2013)

Development of new biodegradable implants and devices is necessary to meet the increasing needs of regenerative orthopedic procedures. An important consideration while formulating new implant materials is that they should physicochemically and biologically mimic bone-like properties. In earlier studies, we have developed and characterized magnesium based biodegradable alloys, in particular magnesium-zirconium (Mg-Zr) alloys. Here we have reported the biological properties of four Mg-Zr alloys containing different quantities of strontium or calcium. The alloys were implanted in small cavities made in femur bones of New Zealand White rabbits, and the quantitative and qualitative assessments of newly induced bone tissue were carried out. A total of 30 experimental animals, three for each implant type, were studied, and bone induction was assessed by histological, immunohistochemical and radiological methods; cavities in the femurs with no implants and observed for the same period of time were kept as controls. Our results showed that Mg-Zr alloys containing appropriate quantities of strontium were more efficient in inducing good quality mineralized bone than other alloys. Our results have been discussed in the context of physicochemical and biological properties of the alloys, and they could be very useful in determining the nature of future generations of biodegradable orthopedic implants.
Differential Expression of Estrogen Receptors α and β mRNA During Differentiation of Human Osteoblast SV-HFO Cells (1997)

Estrogens have been shown to be essential for maintaining a sufficiently high bone mineral density and ER alpha expression has been demonstrated in bone cells. Recently, a novel estrogen receptor, estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta) has been identified. Here we demonstrate that also ERbeta is expressed in human osteoblasts, and that ER alpha and ERbeta are differentially expressed during human osteoblast differentiation. ERbeta mRNA expression increased gradually during osteoblast culture, resulting in an average increase of 9.9+/-5.3 fold (mean+/-S.D., n=3) at day 21 (mineralization phase) as compared to day 6 (proliferation phase). In contrast, ER alpha mRNA expression levels increased only slightly until day 10 (2.3+/-1.7 fold) and then remained constant. The observed differential regulation of ER alpha and beta is suggestive for an additional functional role of ERbeta to ER alpha in bone metabolism.