gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Destiny of Dendrobium officinale Polysaccharide after Oral Administration: Indigestible and Nonabsorbing, Ends in Modulating Gut Microbiota (2019)

Polysaccharides from functional foods have been proved to have diverse bioactivities, but little is known about what exactly happens to these polysaccharides after oral administration and even less about the underlying mechanism of action. Taking the marker polysaccharide (DOP) of Dendrobium officinale as an example, this study aims to demonstrate the dynamic distribution and degradation of orally dosed DOP in mice and in vitro using near-infrared fluorescence imaging and a kind of chromatographic analysis. The results indicate that (1) neither DOP nor fluorescence-labeled DOP (FDOP) was absorbed, (2) both DOP and FDOP were undigested and were quickly degraded to short-chain fatty acids in the large intestine, (3) DOP modulated gut microbiota, which could be associated with DOP's suppression of 4T1 tumor growth in mice. All of these findings suggest that some (maybe not all) bioactive polysaccharides share a common destiny: indigestible and nonabsorbing, ends in modulating bioactivities-associated gut microbiota.
335 Low Frequency Oscillations in the Ventral Nucleus Accumbens Region Guides Brain Responsive Neurostimulation for Loss of Control Eating: An Initial Review of the BITES Trial (2022)

INTRODUCTION: Loss of control (LOC) eating is pervasive in eating disorders and obesity. The presence of this phenotype appears to predict treatment-resistance, including gastric bypass surgery. Brain-responsive neurostimulation guided by low frequency changes in the nucleus accumbens (NAc-RNS) was previously found to block LOC eating behavior in mice. Following this novel preclinical work, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved an Investigational Device Exemption for a first-in-human study. METHODS: Two participants (female, 45 and 55 years old) with binge-eating disorder and morbid obesity (body mass index, 45 and 50 kg/m 2 ) refractory to gastric bypass were surgically implanted with a brain-responsive neurostimulator (RNS System; NeuroPace, Inc.) connected to bilateral NAc depth leads. NAc field potentials were recorded postoperatively in the clinic while the participants completed eating tasks. Outside of the clinic, participants maintained a diary describing their LOC episodes, specifically describing craving and satiety severity (Likert scale), and triggered the neurostimulator to record timestamped NAc field potentials. NAc field potentials and bilateral NAc connectivity were analyzed for the development and implementation of a novel NAc-RNS paradigm. RESULTS: In the clinic, the left ventral NAc region activity showed increased delta (2-4 Hz)- and theta (4-8 Hz)-band power during anticipatory bites of highly caloric, palatable food when compared to standard meal bites. In the ambulatory setting, we observed increased bilateral ventral NAc delta band activity and connectivity that appeared selective for states of food craving. Therefore, the RNS System was programmed to detect brief bursts of low-frequency activity in the bilateral ventral NAc, and delivered bilateral, bipolar stimulation (∼1 μC/cm 2 charge density per 10s stimulation bout). This paradigm resulted in decreased LOC episodes (∼25% in both participants) and subjective improvement in decision-making surrounding food choices. CONCLUSION: We present early findings of an electrographic signal associated with LOC eating with promising preliminary evidence of restored control using a NAc-RNS paradigm. Future directions include refining control signals, adaptive parameters, and examining the long-term effects of restoring inhibitory control on obesity.
Evaluation of recombinant Brachyspira pilosicoli oligopeptide-binding proteins as vaccine candidates in a mouse model of intestinal spirochaetosis (2009)

The anaerobic intestinal spirochaete Brachyspira pilosicoli colonizes the large intestine of humans, and various species of animals and birds, in which it may induce a mild colitis and diarrhoea. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the use of putative oligopeptide-binding proteins of B. pilosicoli as vaccine components. A partial genome sequence of B. pilosicoli porcine strain 95/1000 was subjected to bioinformatics analysis, and six genes predicted to encode oligopeptide-binding proteins were selected. Following a PCR-based distribution study of the genes across different strains of the spirochaete, they were amplified from B. pilosicoli human strain WesB and cloned in Escherichia coli. The recombinant histidine-tagged proteins were purified and subjected to in vitro and in vivo immunogenicity analysis. Recombinant products (P-1 and P-3) from two genes that were immunogenic and recognized by sera from pigs that had recovered from B. pilosicoli infections were tested in a mouse model of intestinal spirochaetosis. For each recombinant protein, groups of 12 C3H/HeJ mice were vaccinated subcutaneously with 100 microg protein emulsified in Freund's incomplete adjuvant, twice with a 2 week interval. Two weeks later the vaccinated and non-vaccinated control animals were challenged orally with B. pilosicoli strain WesB. Both proteins induced systemic and local colonic IgG antibody responses, and, following experimental infection, the cumulative number of colonization days was significantly (P<0.001) less in both groups of vaccinated mice compared to the control mice. There were significantly (P=0.012) fewer mice colonized in the group vaccinated with P-1 than in the non-vaccinated control group. The results suggest that oligopeptide-binding proteins may have potential for use as components of vaccines for B. pilosicoli.
Efficacy of thermoresponsive, photocrosslinkable hydrogels derived from decellularized tendon and cartilage extracellular matrix for cartilage tissue engineering (2017)

Tissue engineering using adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a promising approach for cartilage repair, is highly dependent on the nature of the matrix scaffold. Thermoresponsive, photocrosslinkable hydrogels were fabricated by functionalizing pepsin-soluble decellularized tendon and cartilage extracellular matrices (ECM) with methacrylate groups. Methacrylated gelatin hydrogels served as controls. When seeded with human bone marrow MSCs and cultured in chondrogenic medium, methacrylated ECM hydrogels experienced less cell-mediated contraction, as compared against non-methacrylated ECM hydrogels. However, methacrylation slowed or diminished chondrogenic differentiation of seeded MSCs, as determined through analyses of gene expression, biochemical composition and histology. In particular, methacrylated cartilage hydrogels supported minimal due to chondrogenesis over 42 weeks, as hydrogel disintegration beginning at day 14 presumably compromised cell-matrix interactions. As compared against methacrylated gelatin hydrogels, MSCs cultured in non-methacrylated ECM hydrogels exhibited comparable expression of chondrogenic genes (Sox9, Aggrecan and collagen type II) but increased collagen type I expression. Non-methacrylated cartilage hydrogels did not promote chondrogenesis to a greater extent than either non-methacrylated or methacrylated tendon hydrogels. Whereas methacrylated gelatin hydrogels supported relatively homogeneous increases in proteoglycan and collagen type II deposition throughout the construct over 42 days, ECM hydrogels possessed greater heterogeneity of staining intensity and construct morphology. These results do not support the utility of pepsin-solubilized cartilage and tendon hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering over methacrylated gelatin hydrogels. Methacrylation of tendon and cartilage ECM hydrogels permits thermal- and light-induced polymerization but compromises chondrogenic differentiation of seeded MSCs.
High Thermal Conductivity in Multiphase Liquid Metal and Silicon Carbide Soft Composites (2021)

Abstract Thermal interface materials based on room temperature liquid metals (LMs) are promising candidates for improving thermal management of flexible electronics, microelectronics packaging, and energy storage devices. However, use of these materials is limited by their corrosivity and reactivity. Here, the fabrication and thermal characterization of multiphase soft composites consisting of LM and non‐reactive silicon carbide (SiC) particles that are either uncoated or Ag‐coated (Ag‐SiC) are demonstrated. The LM‐SiC (and LM‐Ag‐SiC) mixtures show thermal conductivities approaching 50 W m –1 K –1 at 40 vol% particles. Corrosion issues with aluminum‐based components are addressed through a multiphase composite consisting of hybrid LM‐Ag‐SiC fillers in a silicone oil matrix. This composite achieves an effective thermal conductivity of 9.9 W m –1 K –1 with a particle:LM:oil volumetric ratio of 30:20:50 (or intrinsic thermal conductivity of 17 W m –1 K –1 when accounting for contact resistance). It is shown that the Ag‐coating plays a critical role in these oil‐based composites by preventing LM de‐wetting during blending. Upon mechanical compression, the LM thermally‐bridges the solid fillers together within the oil matrix and thereby improves thermal performance. This insight into processing of LM‐based materials opens additional avenues for designing thermally conductive soft composites.
J/$\psi$ elliptic flow in Pb-Pb collisions at $\mathbf{\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV (2017)

We report a precise measurement of the J/$\\psi$ elliptic flow in Pb-Pb collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{\\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The J/$\\psi$ mesons are reconstructed at mid-rapidity ($|y| &lt; 0.9$) in the dielectron decay channel and at forward rapidity ($2.5&lt;y&lt;4.0$) in the dimuon channel, both down to zero transverse momentum. At forward rapidity, the elliptic flow $v_2$ of the J/$\\psi$ is studied as a function of transverse momentum and centrality. A positive $v_2$ is observed in the transverse momentum range $2 &lt; p_{\\rm T} &lt; 8$ GeV/$c$ in the three centrality classes studied and confirms with higher statistics our earlier results at $\\sqrt{s_{\\rm NN}} = 2.76$ TeV in semi-central collisions. At mid-rapidity, the J/$\\psi$ $v_2$ is investigated as a function of transverse momentum in semi-central collisions and found to be in agreement with the measurements at forward rapidity. These results are compared to transport model calculations. The comparison supports the idea that at low $p_{\\rm T}$ the elliptic flow of the J/$\\psi$ originates from the thermalization of charm quarks in the deconfined medium, but suggests that additional mechanisms might be missing in the models.
Utility AC Frequency to High Frequency AC Power Converter with Boost-Half Bridge Single Stage Circuit Topology (2007)

This paper presents a novel soft-switching PWM utility frequency AC to high frequency (HF) AC power conversion circuit incorporating boost-active clamp single stage inverter topology. This power converter is more suitable and acceptable for cost effective HF consumer induction heating (IH) applications. Its operating principle and the operation modes are presented using the switching mode equivalent circuits in addition to the operating voltage and current waveforms. The operating performances of this high frequency inverter using the latest IGBTs are illustrated, which includes HFAC power regulation ranges and actual efficiency characteristics based on zero voltage soft switching (ZVS) operation ranges and the power dissipation analysis as compared with those of the previously developed high frequency inverter. In addition, a dual mode selected control scheme of this high frequency inverter based on a constant frequency asymmetrical pulse width modulation (PWM) and pulse density modulation (PDM) control scheme is discussed in this paper in order to extend the soft switching operation ranges and to improve the power conversion efficiency at the low power settings. This power frequency converter practical effectiveness is substantially proved on the basis of experimental results from practical design example.
Background memory management for dynamic data structure intensive processing systems (1995)

Telecommunication network management applications often require application-specific ICs that use large dynamically allocated stored data structures. Currently available hardware synthesis environments typically do not support dynamic data structure concepts and their associated memory synthesis problems. In this paper we address the \fIbackground memory management\fP task in a hardware design trajectory, which includes allocation of a distributed memory architecture, assignment and mapping of abstract data structures to memories, and synthesis of dynamic management behavior. With this approach to optimal memory management and architecture exploration, the design entry point is lifted to a higher level than currently used for behavioral synthesis, as the specification can be a high-level program using data abstraction. The power of our approach will be substantiated on an industrial high-performance telecommunication ASIC design.
JAK and mTOR inhibitors prevent cytokine release while retaining T cell bispecific antibody in vivo efficacy (2022)

Taken together, these data support further evaluation of the use of Src, JAK and mTOR inhibitors as prophylactic treatment to prevent occurrence of CRS.
Degradative Thermal Analysis and Dielectric Spectroscopy Studies of Aging in Polysiloxane Nanocomposites (2009)

The characterization of the physical and chemical changes that occur in montmorillonite/PDMS nanocomposite elastomers as they are thermally aged is reported. Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy (BDS) was used to track changes in the physical interaction between the polymer and clay associated with increases in non-oxidative thermal stability (as determined by TGA). The evolution of volatile siloxane species from the elastomers was characterized with Thermal Volatilization Analysis (TVA). Results suggest that the improved thermal stability and the increases in polymer/clay association are a result of significant re-structuring of the polymer network.
Quadratic Programming for the Design of Two-Dimensional Weighted Chebyshev FIR Filters with Incomplete Specifications (1996)

Quadratic Programming for the Design of Two-Dimensional Weighted Chebyshev FIR Filters with Incomplete Specifications
Bio-based materials: general discussion (2017)

Simo Sarkanen opened the discussion of the introductory lecture by Bruce Dale: The supposition that the strength of a national economy is directly related to energy consumption is incomplete. This hypothesis is reminiscent of Marx’s suggestion that the value of an article is equivalent to the l
Discovery and Characterization of 1H-Pyrazol-5-yl-2-phenylacetamides as Novel, Non-Urea-Containing GIRK1/2 Potassium Channel Activators (2017)

The G protein-gated inwardly-rectifying potassium channels (GIRK, K<sub>ir</sub>3) are a family of inward-rectifying potassium channels, and there is significant evidence supporting the roles of GIRKs in a number of physiological processes and as potential targets for numerous indications. Previously reported urea containing molecules as GIRK1/2 preferring activators have had significant pharmacokinetic (PK) liabilities. Here we report a novel series of 1H-pyrazolo-5-yl-2-phenylacetamides in an effort to improve upon the PK properties. This series of compounds display nanomolar potency as GIRK1/2 activators with improved brain distribution (rodent K<sub>p</sub> > 0.6).
High Figure-of-Merit Laterally Fluorinated Biphenyltolane-Isothiocyanates (2007)

We have designed, synthesized, and evaluated the physical properties of some high birefringence (Δn) isothiocyanato biphenyl-tolane liquid crystals. These compounds exhibit Δn ∼ 0.48–0.52 at room temperature and wavelength λ = 633 nm. Laterally substituted short alkyl chains and fluorine atom eliminate smectic phase and lower the melting temperature. The moderate melting temperature and very high clearing temperature make those compounds attractive for eutectic mixture formulation. A eutectic mixture based on those compounds was formulated and its physical properties evaluated.
Fast multipole method for micromagnetic simulation of periodic systems (2003)

We have developed a new method for computing the magnetostatic field of an infinite array of images of an arbitrary system of charges or multipoles. The result takes the form of a Taylor expansion of the potential of a "cored array" of distant images, as is required by the fast multipole method, the most efficient method known for calculating magnetostatic fields in very large systems. The new method is much faster and simpler to implement than the usual Ewald summation or fast Fourier transform, and does not require a regular grid inside the central cell.
ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION OF MALIGNANT NON-PEDUNCULATED COLORECTAL LESIONS (2018)

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is an established method for en bloc resection of large non-pedunculated colorectal lesions in Asia but dissemination of ESD in Western countries is limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of ESD in the management of malignant non-pedunculated colorectal lesions in a European center.
Microstructure of Cell Wall-Associated Melanin in the Human Pathogenic FungusCryptococcus neoformans (2005)

Melanin is a virulence factor for many pathogenic fungal species, including Cryptococcus neoformans. Melanin is deposited in the cell wall, and melanin isolated from this fungus retains the shape of the cells, resulting in hollow spheres called "ghosts". In this study, atomic force, scanning electron, and transmission electron microscopy revealed that melanin ghosts are covered with roughly spherical granular particles approximately 40-130 nm in diameter, and that the melanin is arranged in multiple concentric layers. Nuclear magnetic resonance cryoporometry indicated melanin ghosts contain pores with diameters between 1 and 4 nm, in addition to a small number of pores with diameters near 30 nm. Binding of the antibodies to melanin reduced the apparent measured volume of these pores, suggesting a mechanism for their antifungal effect. We propose a model of cryptococcal melanin structure whereby the melanin granules are held together in layers. This structural model has implications for cell division, cell wall remodeling, and antifungal drug discovery.
TIDAL VOLUME VARIATION WITH TRANSPORT VENTILATORS (1990)

Depts. of Anesth. and Surg., Univ. of Florida, Coll. of Medicine, Box J-254, JHMHC, Gainesville, FL 32610–0524
Zinc Acetates as Efficient Catalysts for the Synthesis of Bis-isocyanate Precursors (2010)

Anhydrous and hydrated zinc acetates were found to efficiently catalyze alkoxycarbonylation of the aromatic diamines 2,4-toluenediamine (2,4-TDA) and 4,4′-diphenylmethane diamine (4,4′-MDA) with diethyl and dimethyl carbonate, providing the desired bis-carbamates in yields from 93 to 98%. Driving these reactions to completion required temperatures of ca. 190 °C for 2,4-TDA and ca. 180 °C for 4,4′-MDA, and alkyl carbonate-to-substrate molar ratios of 25:1 to 30:1. Higher catalyst loadings were required for 2,4-TDA (2.5 mol %) than for 4,4′-MDA (1 mol %).
Wettability and thermally stimulated depolarisation current spectra of naturally aged silicone rubber insulators (1995)

Abstract Investigations are reported on high‐ and low‐temperature vulcanized silicone rubber composite insulators that were exposed to service for three, nine and eleven years under industrial or marine pollution conditions. Wetting angles and thermally stimulated depolarization (TSD) current spectra were measured. Microscopic observations of selected insulator surfaces were carried out as well. The prolonged services cause gradual and inhomogeneous losses of hydrophobicity on surfaces and inside of insulator housing materials. It is shown that there exists a correlation between the measured TSD current spectra and the wettability changes. In addition, the spectra also allow to predict an ability to support a process of hydrophobicity recovery at a housing surface. It seems that TSD measurements may be applied as a complementary test method during performance assessment of silicone rubber composite insulators.
Ultra-Fast Electrochemical Sensor for Point-of-Care COVID-19 Diagnosis Using Non-Invasive Saliva Sampling (2021)

Point-of-care diagnostic devices that are rapid and reliable remain as an unmet need highlighted by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic crisis. The second/third wave of virus spread in various parts of the world combined with new evidence of re-infections and inadequate healthcare facilities demand increased testing rate to diagnose COVID-19 at its core. Although traditional molecular diagnostic tests have served this purpose, there have been shortage of reagents and other supplies at pandemic frontlines. This calls for novel alternate diagnostic processes with potential for obtaining emergency use authorization and that can be deployed in the field at the earliest opportunity. Here, we show an ultra-fast SARS-CoV-2 detection sensor for detecting coronavirus proteins in saliva within 100 milliseconds. Electrochemical oxidation of nickel hydroxide has been controlled using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry techniques for successful detection of SARS-CoV-2. Test results have proven the capability of sensors to quantitatively detect the concentration of virus in blinded analyses. The detection occurs by a process similar to that of SARS-CoV-2 binding onto host cells. The sensor also shows prospects in distinguishing SARS-CoV-2 from other viruses such as HIV. More importantly, the sensor matches the detection limit of the gold standard test for diagnosing early infection. The use of saliva as a non-invasive sampling technique combined with the portability of the instrument has broadened the potential of this sensor.
Foreword to the Special Section on Fully Digital Arrays for Radar (2023)

A radar’s antenna is the means by which the system physically interacts with the environment, both spatially directing an electromagnetic wave to induce scattering and then capturing the reflected responses for subsequent processing. The emergence of active electronically steered arrays (AESAs) has allowed previous mechanical steering to be replaced by electrical steering, with these “phased arrays” enabling rapid scanning/tasking and the development of a variety of spatial multichannel capabilities.
Topical morphine gel in the treatment of painful leg ulcers, a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial: a pilot study (2011)

Chronic painful wounds, a major health problem, have a detrimental impact on the quality of life due to associated pain. Some clinical reports have suggested that local administration of morphine could be beneficial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effect of topically applied morphine on chronic painful leg ulcers. Twenty-one patients were randomly assigned to receive either morphine or placebo in a randomised, placebo-controlled, crossover pilot study. Each patient was treated four times in total. Pain was measured by the visual analogue score (VAS) before application of gel, directly after and after 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours. Although an overall, clinically relevant, reduction of pain was observed upon treatment with morphine, the difference was not statistically significant. Morphine reduced pain scores more than placebo on treatment occasions 1 and 2. The difference was statistically significant only 2 hours after dressing on the first treatment occasion. Thus, our study did not demonstrate a consistent and globally significant difference in nociception in patients treated with morphine. However, the relatively small number of patients included in our study and other methodological limitations makes it difficult for us to draw general conclusions regarding efficacy of topically applied morphine as an effective treatment for some painful ulcers. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the value of topically applied morphine in the treatment of patients with chronic painful leg ulcers.