gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device on Cardiac Function: Simulation Study With a Biventricular Computer Model (2011)

Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) therapy has become an established treatment for patients with end-stage heart failure as either a bridge to transplant (BTT) or as permanent support (destination therapy: DT) [1]. For a small portion of patients, LVAD could be used as a bridge to cardiac recovery (BTR). Recent clinical studies have demonstrated the advantages of continuous-flow LVADs over pulsatile-flow counterparts with respect to higher survival rates and lower incidence of major adverse events [2]. However, the control challenge of continuous-flow LVADs has been not fully addressed: most of the devices are driven at a constant speed, which does not take into account changes in patient physiologic demands [3, 4].
Dehydrogenase Binding Sites Abolish the “Dark” Fraction of NADH: Implication for Metabolic Sensing via FLIM (2020)

The fluorescence of dinucleotide NADH has been exploited for decades to determine the redox state of cells and tissues <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i>. Particularly, nanosecond (ns) fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) of NADH (in free vs bound forms) has recently offered a label-free readout of mitochondrial function and allowed the different "pools" of NADH to be distinguished in living cells. In this study, the ultrafast fluorescence dynamics of NADH-dehydrogenase (MDH/LDH) complexes have been investigated by using both a femtosecond (fs) upconversion spectrophotofluorometer and a picosecond (ps) time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) apparatus. With these enhanced time-resolved tools, a few-picosecond decay process with a signatory spectrum was indeed found for bound NADH, and it can best be ascribed to the solvent relaxation originating in "bulk water". However, it is quite unlike our previously discovered ultrafast "dark" component (∼26 ps) that is prominent in free NADH (<i>Chemical Physics Letters</i> <b>2019</b>, <i>726</i>, 18-21). For these two critical protein-bound NADH exemplars, the decay transients lack the ultrafast quenching that creates the "dark" subpopulation of free NADH. Therefore, we infer that the apparent ratio of free to bound NADH recovered by ordinary (>50 ps) FLIM methods may be low, since the "dark" molecule subpopulation (lifetime too short for conventional FLIM), which effectively hides about a quarter of free molecules, is not present in the dehydrogenase-bound state.
Correlations between global clotting function tests, duration of operation, and postoperative chest tube drainage in pediatric cardiac surgery (2011)

The preoperative CFT and ETP provide useful indices for predicting postoperative chest tube drainage volume. In addition, the duration of surgery also correlated with chest tube drainage and affected ROTEM parameters.
Long‐term electrical performance of Attain Performa quadripolar left ventricular leads with all steroid‐eluting electrodes: Results from a large worldwide clinical trial (2018)

This clinical trial demonstrated that SE on all LV pacing electrodes is associated with low and stable PCTs for all quadripolar LV lead electrodes, resulting in multiple viable vectors for LV pacing. The large number of available vectors facilitates basal pacing, avoidance of PNS, and potentially prolongs generator longevity due to lower PCTs.
Developments in Dynamic Covalent Chemistries from the Reaction of Thiols with Hexahydrotriazines (2015)

Dynamic covalent chemistries have garnered significant attention for their potential to revolutionize technologies in the material fields (engineering, biomedical, and sensors) and synthetic design strategies as they provide access to stimuli responsiveness and adaptive behaviors. However, only a limited number of molecular motifs have been known to display this dynamic behavior under mild conditions. Here, we identified a dynamic covalent motif-thioaminals-that is produced from the reaction of hexahydrotriazines (HTs) with thiols. Furthermore, we report on the synthesis of a new family of step-growth polymers based on this motif. The condensation efficiently proceeds to quantitative yields within a short time frame and offers versatility in functional group tolerance; thus, it can be exploited to synthesize both small molecule thioaminals as well as high molecular weight polymers from the step-growth polymerization of HTs with dithiols. Careful evaluation of substituted HTs and organic thiols supported by DFT calculations led to a chemically diverse library of polymers based on this motif. Finally, dynamic substitution reactions were employed toward the facile preparation of functional oligomers and macromolecules. This dynamic covalent motif is particularly attractive for a range of applications that include material design and drug delivery due to the economic feasibility of synthesis.
Bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic devices containing silicon phthalocyanine as a non-fullerene electron acceptor (2020)

Silicon phthalocyanines have been identified as a potential non-fullerene electron acceptor in organic photovoltaics. Bis(tri-n-butylsilyl oxide) silicon phthalocyanine ((3BS) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> -SiPc) is shown to be a direct replacement for phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM) with poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) in bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaics. Devices fabricated with a P3HT:(3BS) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> -SiPc active layer displayed a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.6% alongside a V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">oc</sub> of 0.76 V. These novel devices exhibited higher PCEs over a wide range of incident angles and light intensities, while also operating at longer wavelengths compared to devices with a P3HT:PC61BM active layer. This merits future investigation into commercial applications.
Crystallographic Orientation of Y 2 Ba 4 CuMO x (M=Nb, Zr, Ag) Nanoparticles Embedded in Bulk, Melt‐Textured YBCO Studied by EBSD (2007)

Crystallographic orientations of Y–Ba–Cu–O (YBCO) and embedded Y 2 Ba 4 CuMO x (M=Nb, Zr, Ag) nanoparticles in bulk, melt‐textured YBCO samples are studied by electron backscatter diffraction. Y 2 BaCuO 5 particles exhibit no preferred orientation but have a strong negative influence on the matrix orientation. In contrast, the nanoparticles do not disturb the texture of the YBCO matrix. Depending on the preparation route, a different particle orientation with respect to the matrix is obtained. Untextured nanoparticles are formed by solid‐state reaction during the melt process by adding oxides (Nb 2 O 5 or Y 2 O 3 ) to the precursor powder. Preformed Y 2 Ba 4 CuMO x particles added to the precursor in the form of prereacted nanopowder exhibit a dominant single orientation related to the surrounding YBCO matrix.
Quantification and Real-Time Tracking of RNA in Live Cells Using Sticky-Flares* (2020)

This chapter reports a novel spherical nucleic acid (SNA) gold nanoparticle conjugate, termed the Sticky-flare, which enables facile quantification of RNA expression in live cells and spatiotemporal analysis of RNA transport and localization. It investigates the application of Stickyflares for tracking transcripts that undergo more extensive compartmentalization by fluorophore-labeling U1 small nuclear RNA and observing its distribution in the nucleus of live cells. Proper function of RNA is critical to the health and maintenance of a cell, and its misregulation plays a critical role in the development of many disorders. The Nanoflare consists of a 13 nm gold nanoparticle core functionalized with a densely packed, highly oriented shell of oligonucleotides designed to be antisense to a target RNA transcript. The chapter anticipates the Sticky-flare will be a valuable tool for investigating proper RNA function and its misregulation in disease, and will make such studies accessible to a broader community, given the ease of its application in cell culture.
Incorporation of Radiolabeled Prenyl Alcohols and Their Analogs into Mammalian Cell Proteins: A Useful Tool for Studying Protein Prenylation (2003)

Prenylated proteins comprise a diverse family of proteins that are post-translationally modified by either a farnesyl group or one or more geranylgeranyl groups (1–3). Recent studies suggest that members of this family are involved in a number of cellular processes, including cell signaling (4–6), differentiation (7–9), proliferation (10–12), cytoskeletal dynamics (13–15), and endocytic and exocytic transport (4,16,17). The authors’ studies have focused on the role of prenylated proteins in the cell cycle (18). Exposure of cultured cells to competitive inhibitors (statins) of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl Coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase not only blocks the biosynthesis of mevalonic acid (MVA), the biosynthetic precursor of both farnesyl and geranylgeranyl groups, but pleiotropically inhibits DNA replication and cell-cycle progression (10,18–20). Both phenomena can be prevented by the addition of exogenous MVA (10,18,19). The authors have observed that all-trans-geranylgeraniol (GGOH) and, in a few cases, all-trans-farnesol (FOH) can prevent the statin-induced inhibition of DNA synthesis (21). In an effort to understand the biochemical basis of these effects, the authors have developed methods for the labeling and two-dimensional gel analysis of prenylated proteins that should be widely applicable.
Microbiological Assessment of Bile and Corresponding Antibiotic Treatment (2016)

The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of bacteria in bile samples and to analyze the clinical relevance of the findings as only limited information about risk factors for elevated frequence of bacterial and fungal strains in routinely collected bile samples has been described so far.A prospective cohort study at a tertiary care center was conducted. Seven hundred forty-four patients underwent 1401 endoscopic retrograde cholangiographies (ERCs) as indicated by liver transplantation (427/1401), primary sclerosing cholangitis (222/1401), choledocholithiasis only (153/1401), obstruction due to malignancy (366/1401), or other conditions (233/1401). Bile samples for microbiological analysis were obtained in all patients.The 71.6% (823/1150) samples had a positive microbiological finding, and 57% (840/1491) of the bacterial isolates were gram-positive. The main species were Enterococcus spp (33%; 494/1491) and Escherichia coli (12%; 179/1491). Of the samples, 53.8% had enteric bacteria and 24.7% had Candida spp; both were associated with clinical and laboratory signs of cholangitis (C-reactive proteins 35.0 ± 50.1 vs 44.8 ± 57.6; 34.5 ± 51.2 vs 52.9 ± 59.7; P < 0.001), age, previous endoscopic intervention, and immunosuppression. Multi-resistant (MR) strains were found in 11.3% of all samples and were associated with clinical and laboratory signs of cholangitis, previous intervention, and immunocompromised status. In subgroup analysis, strain-specific antibiotic therapy based on bile sampling was achieved in 56.3% (89/158) of the patients. In cases with a positive bile culture and available blood culture, blood cultures were positive in 29% of cases (36/124), and 94% (34/36) of blood cultures had microbial species identical to the bile cultures.Bactobilia and fungobilia can usually be detected by routine microbiological sampling, allowing optimized, strain-specific antibiotic treatment. Previous endoscopic intervention, clinical and laboratory signs of cholangitis, and age are independent risk factors. MR bacteria and fungi are an evolving problem in cholangitis, especially in immunocompromised patients.
OUTCOME OF UROLOGIC SURGERIES IN THE PATIENTS CONTINUING ANTIPLATELET DRUGS (2009)

You have accessJournal of Urology1 Apr 2009OUTCOME OF UROLOGIC SURGERIES IN THE PATIENTS CONTINUING ANTIPLATELET DRUGS Young Deuk Choi, Won Sik Ham, Won Tae Kim, Won Jae Yang, Kyo Chul Koo, and Hee Jeong Ju Young Deuk ChoiYoung Deuk Choi More articles by this author , Won Sik HamWon Sik Ham More articles by this author , Won Tae KimWon Tae Kim More articles by this author , Won Jae YangWon Jae Yang More articles by this author , Kyo Chul KooKyo Chul Koo More articles by this author , and Hee Jeong JuHee Jeong Ju More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(09)61313-6AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "OUTCOME OF UROLOGIC SURGERIES IN THE PATIENTS CONTINUING ANTIPLATELET DRUGS." The Journal of Urology, 181(4S), p. 463 © 2009 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 181Issue 4SApril 2009Page: 463 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2009 by American Urological AssociationMetrics Author Information Young Deuk Choi More articles by this author Won Sik Ham More articles by this author Won Tae Kim More articles by this author Won Jae Yang More articles by this author Kyo Chul Koo More articles by this author Hee Jeong Ju More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Mental metalogic and its empirical justifications: The case of reasoning with quantifiers and predicates (2003)

We report on a series of experiments designed to test a new, unifying theory in psychology of deductive reasoning: mental metalogic (MML, for short; Yang & Bringsjord, 2001), which marks the unification of mental logic (ML) and mental model (MM) theory, and stands in part on the strength of empirical investigation of strategic interactions between logical syntactic and logical semantic processes in human reasoning. MML promises to resolve the longstanding controversy between ML and MM.
Influence of the Process of Synthesis of Zeolites from Volcanic Ash in Its Synergistic Action as a Flame-Retardant for Polypropylene Composites (2021)

In this research, the influence of natural zeolites obtained from the volcanic ash of the Ubinas volcano has been studied as synergistic agents in a flame-retardant system (composed of ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, and polypropylene). Four zeolites were synthesized from volcanic ash, including those that had been calcined and those that had not. These were then placed in an alkaline solution at three synthesis temperatures. Zeolites were characterized through X-ray diffraction, specific surface area by nitrogen adsorption analysis (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller) and scanning electron microscopy. Polypropylene matrix composites were prepared with ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol and zeolites at 1, 5 and 9%. Its thermal stability and fire resistance were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis, limiting oxygen index, vertical burning test and cone calorimeter and its morphological structure by scanning electron microscopy. It was determined that the synthesis temperature and the use of calcined and without calcined volcanic ash have an influence on the characteristics of the zeolites and on its synergistic action.
To Transmit or Not to Transmit? Distributed Queueing Games in Infrastructureless Wireless Networks (2015)

We study distributed queueing games in interference-limited wireless networks. We formulate the throughput maximization problem via distributed selection of users' transmission thresholds as a Nash Equilibrium Problem (NEP). We first focus on the solution analysis of the NEP and derive sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of a Nash Equilibrium (NE). Then, we develop a general best-response-based algorithmic framework wherein the users can explicitly choose the degree of desired cooperation and signaling, converging to different types of solutions, namely: 1) a NE of the NEP when there is no cooperation among users and 2) a stationary point of the Network Utility Maximization (NUM) problem associated with the NEP, when some cooperation among the users in the form of (pricing) message passing is allowed. Finally, as a benchmark, we design a globally optimal but centralized solution method for the nonconvex NUM problem. Our experiments show that in many scenarios the sum-throughput at the NE of the NEP is very close to the global optimum of the NUM problem, which validates our noncooperative and distributed approach. When the gap of the NE from the global optimality is non negligible (e.g., in the presence of “high” coupling among users), exploiting cooperation among the users in the form of pricing enhances the system performance.
Expression of angiogenic factors in chronic myeloid leukaemia: role of the bcr/abl oncogene, biochemical mechanisms, and potential clinical implications (2004)

Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is a stem cell disease characterized by an increased production and accumulation of clonal BCR/ABL-positive cells in haematopoietic tissues. The chronic phase of CML is inevitably followed by an accelerated phase of the disease, with consecutive blast crisis. However, depending on genetic stability, epigenetic events, and several other factors, the clinical course and survival appear to vary among patients. Recent data suggest that angiogenic cytokines such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), are up-regulated in CML, and play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. These factors appear to be produced and released in leukaemic cells in patients with CML. In line with this notion, increased serum-levels of angiogenic growth factors are measurable in CML patients. In this study we provide an overview of angiogenic growth factors expressed in CML cells, discuss the possible pathogenetic role of these cytokines, the biochemical basis of their production in leukaemic cells, and their potential clinical implications.
Exploiting Generative Design for 3D Printing of Bacterial Biofilm Resistant Composite Devices (Adv. Sci. 15/2021) (2021)

Bacterial Biofilm Resistant Composite Devices Medical implants would benefit from bespoke 3D printing, however microbial infection remains a challenge. By combining functional materials, voxelated manufacturing and algorithmic design, Morgan R. Alexander, Ricky D. Wildman, and co‐workers demonstrate in article number 2100249 a multi‐material inkjet 3D printed device that inhibits the development of bacterial biofilm, while achieving highly customizable geometry and local stiffness, opening further opportunities for biomedical 3D printing. [Image: see text]
16-QAM Probabilistic Constellation Shaping by Learning the Distribution of Transmitted Symbols from the Training Sequence (2020)

A technique for probabilistic constellation shaping based on distribution learning from a training sequence is investigated. In this approach, the probability distribution is optimized such that it can maximize the mutual information. The effectiveness of this approach is verified by shaping 10 Gbaud 16QAM in simulation and experiment.
Fair Minimum Representation Clustering (2023)

Clustering is an unsupervised learning task that aims to partition data into a set of clusters. In many applications, these clusters correspond to real-world constructs (e.g. electoral districts) whose benefit can only be attained by groups when they reach a minimum level of representation (e.g. 50\% to elect their desired candidate). This paper considers the problem of performing k-means clustering while ensuring groups (e.g. demographic groups) have that minimum level of representation in a specified number of clusters. We show that the popular $k$-means algorithm, Lloyd's algorithm, can result in unfair outcomes where certain groups lack sufficient representation past the minimum threshold in a proportional number of clusters. We formulate the problem through a mixed-integer optimization framework and present a variant of Lloyd's algorithm, called MiniReL, that directly incorporates the fairness constraints. We show that incorporating the fairness criteria leads to a NP-Hard sub-problem within Lloyd's algorithm, but we provide computational approaches that make the problem tractable for even large datasets. Numerical results show that the approach is able to create fairer clusters with practically no increase in the k-means clustering cost across standard benchmark datasets.
Experimental determination of wave function spread in Si inversion layers (2010)

We have experimentally determined the extent of wave function spread TQM in Si inversion layers on (100)-oriented surface in metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) using the back gate bias sensitivity of front gate threshold voltage of planar fully depleted silicon-on-insulator (SOI) MOSFETs. We show that the sum of TQM for large positive and negative F is an electrically determined value of the SOI thickness TSI. We find that the electric field dependence of TQM for electrons and holes is given by TQM∼F−0.4 and F−0.6, respectively, at high electric fields with TQM being larger for holes at a given F. Larger TQM for holes can be explained by the fact that holes have a smaller effective mass along the confinement direction than electrons in (100) Si. The field dependences of TQM are, however, not consistent with the results of variational calculations that assume single-subband occupancy and predict TQM∼F−1/3. The discrepancy likely indicates that the effects of multiple-subband occupation are significant at room temperature, especially for holes.
Self‐Assembly of Diblock‐Copolymer Micelles for Template‐Based Preparation of PbTiO3 Nanograins (2006)

Abstract A bottom‐up fabrication route for PbTiO 3 nanograins grown on predefined TiO 2 nanostructures used as seeds is presented. The structuring of the TiO 2 seeds is performed using a self‐organized template constructed from a gold‐loaded micellar monofilm. With this fabrication process, TiO 2 seeds and PbTiO 3 grains with diameters of 12 and 30 nm, respectively, are prepared without the need for electron‐beam lithography. The dimensions of the structure imposed by the micellar template are transferred through all the processing steps to the final PbTiO 3 grains. Furthermore, it is shown that the intermicelle distance and the degree of order in the dried monofilm is mainly determined by the preparation conditions, such as the pulling velocity in the dipping process and the strength of the surface–micelle interaction, and not necessarily by the architectural properties (block length and ratio) of the diblock copolymers that build the micelles. The intermicelle spacing in the dried film is much smaller than the micelle dimensions in solution, and approaches the dimensions of a fully collapsed micelle when the dipping process is performed slowly enough.
Dissociation Behavior of Weak Polyelectrolyte Brushes on a Planar Surface (2009)

Poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) brushes and poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) brushes on gold substrates were synthesized by surface-initiated atom-transfer radical polymerization of sodium acrylate and sodium methacrylate in water media at room temperature. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) titration and contact angle titration methods were used in combination to investigate the dissociation behavior of these two brushes. Whereas FTIR titration gives effective bulk pKa values of the polyacid brushes (pKabulk of PAA brushes is 6.5-6.6 and pKabulk of PMAA brushes is 6.9-7.0), contact angle titration provides effective surface pKa of the brushes (pKasurf of PAA brushes is 4.4+/-0.01 and pKasurf of PMAA brushes is approximately 4.6+/-0.1). The difference between pKabulk and pKasurf suggests that acid groups further from the substrate surface are easier to ionize and have smaller pKa values. Although such behavior of weak polyelectrolyte brushes has been predicted by theoretical simulation, here we provide the first experimental evidence of this behavior.