gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Uncertainty and Probability in Wildfire Management Decision Support (2016)

This chapter focuses on Wildland Fire Decision Support System (WFDSS)'s provision of probabilistic information and how it can facilitate strategic and tactical decision making. It reviews remaining uncertainties, including identified issues in how fire managers interpret and apply probabilistic information, and concludes with observations and predictions for the future direction of risk-based wildfire decision support. Efficient management of wildfire activity is challenged by multiple sources of uncertainty. First, variability surrounding weather conditions precludes deterministic prediction of fire growth and behavior, an uncertainty that is compounded by underlying knowledge gaps in fire-spread theory. Second, knowledge gaps surrounding the effects of fire preclude determination of impacts to vegetation, soil, and other ecosystem components, and in turn the monetization of these impacts for cost-benefit analysis. Third, partial control, human error, and limited understanding of the productivity and effectiveness of firefighting resources constrain the development and implementation of optimal suppression strategies.
Accuracy of an electromagnetic measurement device and application to the measurement and description of knee joint motion (1998)

The aims of this study were to analyse the accuracy and sensitivity to metals of an electromagnetic motion measurement device and to use it to provide a description of motion of the human knee joint. A calibrated grid and sine bar were used to measure translational and rotational accuracy, which were found to be +/- 0.23 per cent of the step size (translation) and +/- 2.0 per cent of the step size (rotation) within an optimal operational zone of minimal positional error for which the receiver to transmitter separation was between 271 and 723 mm. The presence of multiple receivers was found to have a significant effect on the accuracy only when positioned within 30 mm of one another. Mild steel was found to have a significant detrimental effect when within 150 mm of the transmitter or receiver. A stainless steel bone screw had no effect on the accuracy of the device. A mathematical description of knee joint motion is presented which describes the motion in terms of clinical rotations. The device is a useful tool for measuring joint motion in the operating theatre and laboratory, owing to its accuracy and insensitivity to surgical alloys.
Uncertainty-Aware Audiovisual Activity Recognition Using Deep Bayesian Variational Inference (2019)

Deep neural networks (DNNs) provide state-of-the-art results for a multitude of applications, but the approaches using DNNs for multimodal audiovisual applications do not consider predictive uncertainty associated with individual modalities. Bayesian deep learning methods provide principled confidence and quantify predictive uncertainty. Our contribution in this work is to propose an uncertainty aware multimodal Bayesian fusion framework for activity recognition. We demonstrate a novel approach that combines deterministic and variational layers to scale Bayesian DNNs to deeper architectures. Our experiments using in- and out-of-distribution samples selected from a subset of Moments-in-Time (MiT) dataset show a more reliable confidence measure as compared to the non-Bayesian baseline and the Monte Carlo dropout (MC dropout) approximate Bayesian inference. We also demonstrate the uncertainty estimates obtained from the proposed framework can identify out-of-distribution data on the UCF101 and MiT datasets. In the multimodal setting, the proposed framework improved precision-recall AUC by 10.2% on the subset of MiT dataset as compared to non-Bayesian baseline.
Design, modelling, and characterization of display compatible pMUT device (2018)

In this paper, the design, modeling, and characterization of a display compatible pMUT platform are presented. A FEM model is built using COMSOL Multiphysics for evaluating the frequency response, mechanical performance, acoustic pressure, and driving efficiency of our pMUT device across all vibration modes of circular plates. In parallel with it, a first mode analytical model has been developed including electrical, mechanical, and acoustic domains to provide fast estimation for future design. A laser Doppler vibrometer is used to measure the frequency response, displacement, velocity as well as mode shapes of pMUTs with different designs in air. The measured resonance frequency of first mode range from 121.5kHz to 1.1MHz with radius from 500μm to 120μm and fits the prediction of FEM and analytical models. A standard reference microphone is used to measure the acoustic pressure of pMUT inside its frequency range (<;125 kHz). The measured acoustic pressure on transverse axis of a 500μm radius pMUT also fits the values from analytical model on acoustic domain.
We are drowning in a sea of least publishable units (LPUs) (2013)

Our field is drowning in a sea of conference submissions. We assert that the sheer number of papers has begun to seriously hurt the quality of the work that the field is doing and that the field is going to implode unless we take action to remedy the situation. In order to improve the quality of the papers being published we must reduce the number being submitted. This will require a change in the culture of our field where "more" is being equated to "better" by both hiring and promotion committees. In this panel we will explore some ideas for correcting the situation.
Endoscopic Carpal Tunnel Release: Retrospective Comparison Between Two Endoscopic Techniques (SS‐28) (2010)

Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common peripheral nerve compression disorder. Endoscopic release (ECTR) is a well accepted minimally invasive treatment method that hastens recovery while offering an acceptable complication rate. It can be performed through various techniques using a proximal, a distal or two portals. We have significant experience with the two portal (Chow) and with the one proximal portal (Agee) ECTR methods. This study compares our results and complications with these two methods.
Histological Chorioamnionitis Induces Differential Gene Expression in Human Cord Blood Mononuclear Leukocytes from Term Neonates (2019)

Histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) is an infection of fetal membranes and complicates 5.2% to 28.5% of all live births. HCA is associated with increased mortality and morbidity in both premature and term neonates. Exposure to HCA may have long-term consequences, including an increased risk for allergic disorders and asthma later in childhood, the mechanism(s) of which are still not yet well understood. The objective of this study was to determine the mRNA transcriptome of cord blood mononuclear leukocytes from term neonates to identify key genes and pathways involved in HCA. We found 366 differentially expressed probe IDs with exposure to HCA (198 upregulated, 168 downregulated). These transcriptomes included novel genes and pathways associated with exposure to HCA. The differential gene expression included key genes regulating inflammatory, immune, respiratory and neurological pathways, which may contribute to disorders in those pathways in neonates exposed to HCA. Our data may lead to understanding of the role of key genes and pathways identified on the long-term sequelae related to exposure to HCA, as well as to identifying potential markers and therapies to prevent HCA-associated complications.
GSK789: A Selective Inhibitor of the First Bromodomains (BD1) of the Bromo and Extra Terminal Domain (BET) Proteins (2020)

Pan-bromodomain and extra terminal (BET) inhibitors interact equipotently with all eight bromodomains of the BET family of proteins. They have shown profound efficacy in vitro and in vivo in oncology and immunomodulatory models, and a number of them are currently in clinical trials where significant safety signals have been reported. It is therefore important to understand the functional contribution of each bromodomain to assess the opportunity to tease apart efficacy and toxicity. This article discloses the in vitro and cellular activity profiles of GSK789, a potent, cell-permeable, and highly selective inhibitor of the first bromodomains of the BET family.
Double-stranded DNA in exosomes: a novel biomarker in cancer detection (2014)

Exosomes, small membrane vesicles (30-100 nm) of endocytic origin secreted by most cell types, contain functional biomolecules, which can be horizontally transferred to recipient cells1. Exosomes bear a specific protein and lipid composition, and carry a select set of functional mRNAs and microRNAs2. Recently, our group has shown that c-Met shed in exosomes can promote a proangiogenic and prometastatic phenotype in bone marrow-derived progenitor cells during melanoma progression3. In previous research, retrotransposon RNA transcripts, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), mitochondrial DNA, and oncogene amplifications (i.e., c-myc) have been detected in microvesicles4,5,6. In this report, we provide evidence that tumor-derived exosomes carry double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), as demonstrated through two different approaches, using enzymatic methods (dsDNA-specific shrimp DNase) and physical/structural studies (atomic force microscopy, AFM). Furthermore, we show that exosomal DNA (exoDNA) represents the entire genome and reflects the mutational status of parental tumor cells. We also highlight the translational value of exoDNA in tumor-derived exosomes for its potential usefulness as a circulating biomarker in the early detection of cancer and metastasis.
Formation of particles of bismuth-based binary alloys and intermetallic compounds by ultrasonic cavitation (2015)

This work reports an important understanding of the bismuth reactivity with other low m<sub>p</sub> metals (Sn, In, Ga, and Zn).
Recovery of compressible signals in unions of subspaces (2009)

Compressive sensing (CS) is an alternative to Shannon/Nyquist sampling for acquisition of sparse or compressible signals; instead of taking periodic samples, we measure inner products with M < N random vectors and then recover the signal via a sparsity-seeking optimization or greedy algorithm. Initial research has shown that by leveraging stronger signal models than standard sparsity, the number of measurements required for recovery of an structured sparse signal can be much lower than that of standard recovery. In this paper, we introduce a new framework for structured compressible signals based on the unions of subspaces signal model, along with a new sufficient condition for their recovery that we dub the restricted amplification property (RAmP). The RAmP is the natural counterpart to the restricted isometry property (RIP) of conventional CS. Numerical simulations demonstrate the validity and applicability of our new framework using wavelet-tree compressible signals as an example.
Differential gene expression in a murine model of cancer cachexia (2001)

Murine adenocarcinoma 16 (MAC16) tumors and cell lines induce cachexia in NMRI nude mice, whereas histologically similar MAC13 tumors do not. After confirming these findings in BALB/c nude mice, we demonstrated that this tissue wasting was not related to decreased food intake or increased total body oxidative metabolism. Previous studies have suggested that MAC16's cachexigenic properties may involve the production of tumor-specific factors. We therefore screened for genes having increased expression in the MAC16 compared with the MAC13 cell line by performing hybridization to a murine cDNA expression array, by generation and comparison of cDNA libraries from each cell line, and by PCR-based subtractive hybridization. Northern blot hybridization was performed to confirm differences in transcript expression. Transcripts encoding insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4, cathepsin B, ferritin light and heavy chain, endogenous long-terminal repeat sequences, and a viral envelope glycoprotein demonstrated increased expression in the MAC16 cell line. The roles of a number of these genes in known metabolic pathways identify them as potential participants in the induction of cachexia.
UXO classification procedures applied to advanced EMI sensors and models (2016)

Unexploded Ordnances (UXO) classification procedure consists of the following: background subtractions, data inversions and targets feature parameters estimations, and separating UXO from non-hazardous anomalies. First, each dataset is normalized by a corresponding Tx-current; then, all data files are background subtracted; third, the background corrected data are inverted and targets intrinsic (effective polarizabilities) and extrinsic (locations) are extracted; next, the extracted intrinsic and extrinsic parameters are used for generating prioritized and training targets lists; Finally, once the ground truth for training targets are provided, then prioritized targets are reclassified and final dig list is created. In this paper, the detailed steps of UXO classification procedure using the advanced EMI sensors and models are presented along with the processing and analysis approaches that are used to generate a prioritized dig list.
Supercritical Biocatalysis (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleSupercritical BiocatalysisAnita J. Mesiano, Eric J. Beckman, and Alan J. RussellView Author Information Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering and the Center for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 1999, 99, 2, 623–634Publication Date (Web):January 9, 1999Publication History Received22 June 1998Revised26 October 1998Published online9 January 1999Published inissue 1 February 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr970040uhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr970040uresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1391Altmetric-Citations240LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Inorganic carbon compounds,Oxides,Peptides and proteins,Solvents,Supercritical fluids Get e-Alerts
Editorial: JAD in the Context of Current Bibliometric Data. (2020)

status: Accepted
Towards a Fault-Resilient Cloud Management Stack (2013)

Cloud management stacks have become a new important layer in cloud computing infrastructure, simplifying the configuration and management of cloud computing en-vironments. As the resource manager and controller of an entire cloud, a cloud management stack has signifi-cant impact on the fault-resilience of a cloud platform. However, our preliminary study on the fault-resilience of OpenStack—an open source state-of-the-art cloud man-agement stack—shows that such an emerging software stack needs to be better designed and tested in order to serve as a building block for fault-resilient cloud envi-ronments. We discuss the issues identified by our fault-injection tool and make suggestions on how to strengthen cloud management stacks. 1
Rat liver nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles: reassociation of residues with various types of RNA. (1972)

Abstract The 35–40-S nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles previously reported to be associated with messenger RNA were extracted from rat liver nuclei at pH 8 after several extractions at pH 7 released most of the more soluble ribonucleoproteins. The protein components of the ribonucleoprotein particles were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; they were found in high concentrations in urea extracts of nuclei of normal liver and Morris hepatoma and in lower amounts in nuclear preparations of the Novikoff hepatoma ascites cells and a number of other nontumor tissues. The ribonucleoprotein particle was dissociated into an RNA fraction and ribonucleoprotein residue by treatment with 6 M urea or 1.1 M KCl. When the “residue fraction” was reassociated with various types of nuclear RNA, its affinity generally paralleled the amount of the specific ribonucleoprotein protein in the nuclear extracts. It had little affinity for nucleolar RNA, and had the highest affinity for nuclear 8–18-S RNA. Competition between liver nuclear RNA and nuclear RNA from other sources was determined, and in general, paralleled the presence of proteins of the ribonucleoprotein particle.
Microbial Degradation of Carbonyl Sulfide in Soils. (2002)

Acrylic cylinders were packed with 2 kg of soil and carbonyl sulfide (COS) gas (100 μl l-1) was introduced to the columns at a rate of 0.5 l min-1. The COS concentration of the outlet gas reached equilibrium at 50 μl l-1 within a few minutes in the cylinder packed with sandy soil but was less than the detection limit for 24 h in the cylinder with Andosol. Sterilized soils did not show any decrease in COS. The amount of sulfate in the sandy soil increased on the introduction of COS for 24 h, and this suggested that approximately 48% of the sulfur moieties of COS were converted to sulfate by the microbial activity. Batchwise experiments adding high concentrations of COS such as 8000 μl l-1 into sealed flasks also showed a rapid degradation of COS. Batchwise experiments with Andosol were performed to clarify the relationship between the activity to degrade COS and temperature, soil water content or microbial biomass. COS-degrading activity rose with the increase in temperature and fell with the increase in soil water content. The rate constant and microbial biomass had a good correlation (correlation coefficient=0.79). Our results indicate that COS-degrading microorganisms are widely distributed in soils, and serve as a possible sink of COS in natural environments.
Microprism using capillary alignment (2011)

When a microstructure is placed on a droplet, the structure is positioned and remains at a particular position due to capillary forces. By using this phenomenon, two-dimensional arrangements on droplets have been widely developed. In this study, we fabricate a three-dimensional structure (prism shape) by placing two circular plates on a droplet. The paper explains the dynamics of the positioning both experimentally and numerically. Through experiment and simulation, we found that the rotational positioning is determined by surface tension and the two plates are supported by internal pressure and surface tension. The apex angle of the prism can be easily tuned by changing its volume. As described at the end of the paper, a prism composed of a droplet of silicone oil and two transparent circular SU-8 plates is encapsulated by depositing an organic Parylene membrane. The shape of the liquid is fixed, and a non-evaporative and non-deformable prism is formed with a volume of less than 1 mm3.
Considerations for a free-electron laser-based extreme-ultraviolet lithography program (2015)

Recent years have seen great strides in the development of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) laser-produced plasma sources. Field deployed EUV exposure tools are now capable of facilitating advanced technology node development. Nevertheless, as the required manufacturing exposure dose scales, EUV sources must follow suit and provide 500- 1000 W to maintain production throughputs. A free-electron laser (FEL) offers a cost effective, single-source alternative for powering an entire EUV lithography program. FEL integration into semiconductor fab architecture will require both unique facility considerations as well as a paradigm shift in lithography operations. Critical accelerator configurations relating to energy recovery, multi-turn acceleration, and operational mode are discussed from engineering/scientific, cost-minimization, and safety perspectives. Furthermore, the individual components of a FEL (electron injector, RF systems, undulator, etc.) are examined with respect to both design and cost, considering existing technology as well as prospective innovations. Finally, FEL development and deployment roadmaps are presented, focusing on manufacturer deployment for the 5 nm or 3 nm technology nodes.[1-3]
Correction: Corrigendum: TNFR2 expression by CD4 effector T cells is required to induce full-fledged experimental colitis (2016)

Scientific Reports 6: Article number: 32834; published online: 07 September 2016; updated: 13 October 2016
Rationalization of DC Power Transfer Limits for VSC Transmission (2015)

Earlier work on calculating maximum power curves (MPCs) and maximum available power (MAPs) for VSC converters was not consistent with the way it is done for LCC converters. This paper attempts to use an approach consistent with LCCs by using a Thevenin voltage that is calculated to give 1.0 pu terminal voltage at rated power and unity power factor for the VSC. The MAP values calculated using this approach are considerably larger than those calculated using earlier approaches. The paper also discusses how the MAP is reduced when voltage limits for the VSC's internal voltage are considered. The paper also identifies problems with this consistent approach, as the Thevenin voltage at low SCR can be significantly greater than 1.0 pu. In the LCC this apparent voltage is adjusted by tap changer operation, and if a similar action is taken for the VSC, an unreasonably large tap ranger range would have to be assumed for a low SCR. As an alternative, the paper considers an ac network where some reactive power is locally supplied by shunt capacitors, which makes a Thevenin voltage close to 1.0 pu possible, and recommends that such a network be used when calculating the MPCs and MAP for a VSC converter.
Antagonism of orexin receptors significantly lowers blood pressure and exaggerated CO 2 chemoreflex in spontaneously hypertensive rats (872.2) (2014)

The orexin system is involved in cardiorespiratory function as well as wake‐sleep regulation. We recently showed that in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs): 1) blocking both orexin receptors by oral administration of an antagonist, almorexant (almxt), significantly lowers blood pressure in wakefulness and NREM sleep in both dark and light periods of the diurnal cycle, 2) the anti‐hypertension effect is accompanied by decreased sympathetic vasomotor tone and noradrenaline levels in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma, 3) there is a strong trend towards increased orexin‐A mRNA expression in the rostral ventrolateral medulla, a projection site for orexinergic lateral hypothalamic (LHA) neurons, 4) there is an exaggerated CO 2 ventilatory chemoreflex, which can be normalized by blocking orexin receptors with almxt. Antagonism of orexin receptors had no effect on resting blood pressure in normotensive WKY rats. We interpret these results to suggest that an overactive orexin system may play a significant role in the development and maintenance of high blood pressure and enhanced CO 2 chemoreflex in SHRs. Modulation of orexin and the hypothesized overactive central chemoreflex could be a potential target in treating hypertension. Grant Funding Source : NIH HL 28066