gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Using perceptual rules in interactive visualization</title> (1994)

In visualization, data are represented as variations in grayscale, hue, shape, and texture. They can be mapped to lines, surfaces, and glyphs, and can be represented statically or in animation. In modem visualization systems, the choices for representing data seem unlimited. This is both a blessing and a curse, however, since the visual impression created by the visualization depends critically on which dimensions are selected for representing the data (Bertin, 1967; Tufte, 1983; Cleveland, 1991). In modem visualization systems, the user can interactively select many different mapping and representation operations, and can interactively select processing operations (e.g., applying a color map), realization operations (e.g., generating geometric structures such as contours or streamlines), and rendering operations (e.g., shading or ray-tracing). The user can, for example, map data to a color map, then apply contour lines, then shift the viewing angle, then change the color map again, etc. In many systems, the user can vary the choices for each operation, selecting, for example, particular color maps, contour characteristics, and shading techniques. The hope is that this process will eventually converge on a visual representation which expresses the structure of the data and effectively communicates its message in a way that meets the user's goals. Sometimes, however, it results in visual representations which are confusing, misleading, and garish.
Design and Preparation of Nanoparticle Dimers for SERS Detection (2012)

Abstract : The overarching objectives of this proposal were to develop novel reagents for the detection and identification of various proteins, antibodies, and antigens, based on the remarkable sensitivity afforded by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Metal nanoparticles dimers were synthesized that incorporate SERS reporters selectively at the junction between the two metallic spheres, where signal enhancement is at its maximum. The resulting dimeric structures incorporate aptamers (aptatags) or antibodies (antitags) as the recognition elements. Preparation of suitable sensing surfaces will enable target detection down to the level of a few molecules. Furthermore, by correlating the optical signatures of the reporting chromophore with the selectivity of the agent on the antitag or aptatag surface, it should be possible to develop a single sensing surface capable of identifying multiple proteins in complex mixtures. All of the objectives stated in the original proposal were achieved. Notable highlights include the fine-tuning of chemical steps to produce antitags with femtomolar detection thresholds and the demonstration of multiplexed assays with very high levels of selectivity. A key element for the design of these highly sensitive SERS reporters involve simple to carry out surface passivation chemistry using thiolated polyethyleneglycol prior to the purification steps.
Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase couples neurotensin receptor stimulation to induction of the primary response gene Krox-24 (1996)

Neurotensin (NT) is a neuropeptide that is important in a variety of biological processes such as signal transduction and cell growth. NT effects are mediated by a single class of cell-surface receptors, known as neurotensin receptors (NTRs), which exhibit structural features of the G-protein-coupled receptors superfamily. We investigated NTR signalling properties with Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells stably transformed with human NTR (hNTR). First, we showed that NTR stimulation by NT induced the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in time- and dose-dependent manners. Both p42 and p44 MAPK isoforms were retarded in gel-shift assays, which was consistent with their activation by phosphorylation. In addition we showed that NT caused a prolonged activation of MAPK as measured by in-gel kinase assay. Secondly, we demonstrated that NT induced the expression of the growth-related gene Krox-24 at the protein level, as assessed by Western-blot analysis, and at the transcriptional level, as demonstrated in CHO cells transfected with hNTR and a reporter gene for Krox-24. Activation of MAPK and induction of Krox-24 were both prevented by the NTR antagonist SR 48692, confirming the specific action on NTR. Furthermore we observed coupling of NTR to a mitogenic pathway and Krox-24 induction in the human adenocarcinoma cell line HT29, which naturally expresses NTRs. Considering coupling pathways between NTR stimulation and MAPK activation, we observed a partial inhibition by pertussis toxin (PTX) and a complete blockade by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor GF 109203X. Taken together, these results suggest that (1) stimulation of NTR activates the MAPK pathway by mechanisms involving dual coupling to both PTX-sensitive and PTX-insensitive G-proteins as well as PKC activation, and (2) these effects are associated with the induction of Krox-24, which might be a target of MAPK effector.
Wind turbine angular velocity estimation using polarimetry (2019)

&lt;p&gt;Wind turbines usually cause significant interference in the conventional radar operations which might degrade the detection capabilities. Wind turbines do not only block the radar beam focusing on a specific target, thus creating shadowing effects, but also impose Doppler spectra contamination due to the continuous blade rotation. Therefore in order to identify, detect and possibly mitigate the presence of Wind Turbine Clutter (WTC), fundamental features of the blades rotation need to be estimated, such as rotation (angular) velocity. This information can be directly extracted by initially evaluating the angular displacement of the blades between successive radar measurements. In this paper, a method to estimate this rotation angle is proposed which is based on both radar polarimetry and estimation theory.&lt;/p&gt;
Suppression of Cytotoxic Response to Histoincompatible Cells (1979)

Abstract Spleen and thymus cell populations from normal or allograft tolerant mice have been cultured for 5 days with specific alloantigens and examined for their reactivity in three assay systems. No consistent correlation was observed between the production of cytotoxic T cells (CTL) in these cultures and the ability of such cultured cells to inhibit specifically a CML response from fresh normal spleen cells directed to the priming alloantigens. Furthermore, suppressor cells measured in this latter assay were apparently distinct from those able to inhibit the production of cytotoxic lymphocyte precursors (CTLp) from bone marrow stem cells in lethally irradiated bone marrow protected mice. Velocity sedimentation experiments confirmed that both the precursor and effector cells for the two suppressor systems were physically separable, and were distinct from CTLp or CTL, respectively. Precursor cells for the two suppressor systems investigated belong to the short-lived cortical thymus cell population.
Spinal Inflammation in the Absence of Sacroiliac Joint Inflammation on Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With Active Nonradiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis (2013)

Assessment by experienced readers showed that spinal inflammation on MRI might be observed in half of patients with nonradiographic axial SpA without SI joint inflammation.
Capillary sodium dodecyl sulfate-DALT electrophoresis of proteins in a single human cancer cell (2001)

Capillary Sodium dodlecyl sulfate (SDS)-DALT an (abbreviation for Dalton) electrophoresis was applied to analysis of proteins in single HT29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells. A vacuum pulse was employed to introduce a single cell into the coated capillary. Once the cell was lysed, proteins were denatured with SDS, fluorescantly labeled with 3-(2-furoyl)-quinoline-2-carboxaldehyde (FQ), and then separated by using 8% pullulan as the sieving matrix. This method offers a few advantages for single-cell protein analysis. First, it provides reproducible separation of single-cell proteins according to their size. Based on comparison with the migration time of standard proteins, most components from a single HT29 cancer cell have molecular masses within the range of 10-100 kDa. Second, as a one-dimensional separation method, it gives fairly good resolution for proteins. Typically, around 30 protein components of a single HT29 cell were resolved, indicating that this method has similar peak capacity to SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Third, this method shows high detection sensitivity and wide dynamic range, which is important because of the wide range of protein expression in living systems. Detection limits for standard proteins ranged from 10(-10) to 10(-11) M. Finally, this method provides much higher speed than classical gel electrophoresis methods, and it provides automated anlysis of cellular proteins at the single-cell level; the separation is complete in 30 min and the entire analysis takes approximately 45 min.
Victims of Success in Failure (2020)

ultiple successful clinical trials have defined the medical treatment of heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Trials in the past century established angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, blockers, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists as the foundational therapies in HFrEF. The past decade brought more success with ivabradine, the angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) sacubitril/valsartan, the sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors dapagliflozin and empagliflozin, as well as the soluble guanylase cyclase stimulator vericiguat. This success has led to new challenges in clinical implementation, rising costs, and high pill burdens for patients with HFrEF, who are increasingly multimorbid and elderly. An analysis of the Get With The Guidelines-HF registry showed that to be compliant with HF guidelines, 50% patients hospitalized with HF needed to start at least 1 new HF-related medication and a quarter needed >1 by discharge; these figures did not include medications for other comorbidities or newer therapies (data limited to before 2013). 1 Although polypharmacy is challenging, it is still superior to not having treatment options or not prescribing the best available evidence-based treatment. In fact, the availability of multiple effective medical options represents important progress for treating patients with HFrEF. However, we need to acknowledge and provide guidance for clinicians faced with decisions about how best to prioritize and sequence multiple therapies.
Pulse delay control for capacitor voltage balancing in a three‐level boost neutral point clamped inverter (2014)

The cross regulation effect in multi‐output DC/DC converters offers a reliable support for the grid integration of multilevel inverters by balancing the capacitor voltages. The capacitor voltage balancing by single input dual output boost converter is often realised by conventional three‐level switching scheme. The three‐level operation benefits lower inductor ripple current, but it limits the maximum possible compensation voltages. In this study, the entire operating modes of the boost converter is presented and all the possible cases which contribute to the voltage balancing are employed for balancing the capacitor voltages in a three‐level neutral point clamped inverter. A proportional‐integral controller based duty ratio control and pulse delay control are used for DC link voltage regulation and capacitor voltage balancing. Since the classical state‐space averaging technique is not suitable for SIDO converters, inductor current ripple averaging technique is utilised for controller design. The circuit simulation is performed in Matlab/Simulink. The digital controller is realised using the Virtex‐5FPGA in Labview/CompactRIO module. Both simulation and experimental results are presented to validate the controller performance.
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization with a Water-Soluble Rigid Biradical (2012)

A new biradical polarizing agent, bTbtk-py, for dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) experiments in aqueous media is reported. The synthesis is discussed in light of the requirements of the optimum, theoretical, biradical system. To date, the DNP NMR signal enhancement resulting from bTbtk-py is the largest of any biradical in the ideal glycerol/water solvent matrix, ε = 230. EPR and X-ray crystallography are used to characterize the molecule and suggest approaches for further optimizing the biradical distance and relative orientation.
Opportunistic Beamforming with Limited Feedback (2006)

Transmit-side channel state information (CSI) can improve the quality of communication over fading channels. One way this information can be exploited is via (opportunistic) multi-user diversity. Also, in a multi-antenna scenario, CSI allows the transmitter to propagate along the eigendirections of the channel, thus achieving beamforming gain or array gain. In the face of these possibilities, the question we raise is this: if we can have only limited (reliable) feedback for channel state information, what form should this information take, and how should it be used. In a previous work, we have shown that most of the gain of a single-antenna multi-user diversity system can be captured by feedback of only one bit. In this paper, we extend that system to a multi-antenna transmitter. We propose and analyze a compound strategy that uses one bit for multi-user diversity and any further information for beamforming. We show that this method not only enjoys good throughput, but also has desirable fairness properties. Simulations confirm our assertions
Simulation de l'écoulement des pâtes cimentaires par un modèle diphasique (2008)

La modélisation de l'écoulement des pâtes cimentaires est un problème difficile car le matériau a non seulement un comportement rhéologique complexe mais il peut également présenter des hétérogénéités induites par l'écoulement. L'apparition de ces hétérogénéités résulte de la filtration de phases fluides au travers de phases solides et peut conduire au blocage de l'écoulement. Pour modéliser l'écoulement d'un tel matériau il est nécessaire de prendre en compte la présence d'au moins deux phases. Dans notre modélisation nous considérons que les deux phases sont continues et admettent un comportement rhéologique en loi de puissance. Le couplage entre les deux phases est pris en compte au moyen d'une loi de Darcy généralisée à un fluide en loi de puissance. Le modèle est résolu par la méthode des éléments finis et validé dans le cas d'un test d'écrasement. Nous montrons que ces simulations permettent d'établir des diagrammes d'ouvrabilité des pâtes cimentaires.
Future Automation Engineering using Structural Graph Convolutional Neural Networks (2018)

The digitalization of automation engineering generates large quantities of engineering data that is interlinked in knowledge graphs. Classifying and clustering subgraphs according to their functionality is useful to discover functionally equivalent engineering artifacts that exhibit different graph structures. This paper presents a new graph learning algorithm designed to classify engineering data artifacts -- represented in the form of graphs -- according to their structure and neighborhood features. Our Structural Graph Convolutional Neural Network (SGCNN) is capable of learning graphs and subgraphs with a novel graph invariant convolution kernel and downsampling/pooling algorithm. On a realistic engineering-related dataset, we show that SGCNN is capable of achieving ~91% classification accuracy.
Prior Ablation of the Splanchnic Sympathetic Nerves Increases Plasma Inflammatory Cytokine Levels and Suppresses Bacteremia in Response to Systemically Administered E. coli in Sheep (2020)

The splanchnic sympathetic nerves exert a powerful anti‐inflammatory action in response to systemic administration of lipopolysaccharide in rats (Martelli et al. J. Physiol. 592: 1677–1686, 2014). However, it is not known how this endogenous anti‐inflammatory influence of the splanchnic nerve affects the body’s ability to fight infection. The aim of this study was to determine if and how the endogenous reflex activation of the splanchnic anti‐inflammatory pathway affects blood cytokine levels and the disease course of bacteremia after intravenous infusion of live E. coli into a conscious large animal (sheep). One month prior to infection, the greater splanchnic nerve was cut bilaterally (SplancX, n = 8) or sham surgery (Sham, n = 7) performed in anesthetized sheep (isoflurane/O 2 ). After 1 month, these conscious sheep were infused with live E. coli (2.8 × 10 9 CFU in 30 min) into a jugular vein. Blood samples were obtained at 1.5, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h after bacterial injection. As expected, i.v. infusion of E. coli caused systemic bacteremia with high blood counts of E. coli [3.02 ± 0.64 Log 10 (CFU/ml + 1), mean ± sem] in 5 of 7 sham sheep. By contrast, no significant bacteremia was observed in any of the 8 SplancX sheep (0.18 ± 0.18 Log 10 [CFU/ml + 1], p &lt; 0.01, c.f. Sham sheep). Plasma levels of tumour necrosis factor‐α peaked after 1.5 h, and were significantly greater in SplancX vs Sham sheep (2.4 ± 0.6 vs 1.5 ± 0.2 ng/ml, p &lt; 0.05) at this time. Plasma levels of another pro‐inflammatory cytokine, interleukin‐6, peaked at 6h and were higher in SplancX vs Sham sheep (7.4 ± 0.6 vs 2.4 ± 0.6 ng/ml, p &lt; 0.01). Although plasma levels of the anti‐inflammatory cytokine interleukin‐10 increased in both groups, they were lower in SplancX vs Sham sheep from 1.5 h to 24 h (2.9 ± 0.4 vs 6.7 ± 1.1 ng/ml at 24 h, p &lt; 0.01). All plasma cytokine levels measured had returned to baseline by 48 h. Plasma cortisol levels were higher (p&lt;0.01) in SplancX sheep only at 6 h (298 ± 29 vs 138 ± 37 ng/ml), while the fever was less (p &lt; 0.05) in SplancX at 6 h (40.3 ± 0.3 vs 40.8 ± 0.3°C). The greater pro‐inflammatory response in splanchnic denervated animals most likely contributes to their enhanced ability to clear bacteremia. The present findings demonstrate the powerful consequences of neural control of inflammation in the context of an acute systemic infection. Support or Funding Information Supported by the National Heart Foundation of Australia
Liquid-crystalline Abrikosov flux phase with an antiferroelectric structure (2000)

(S)-1-Methylheptyl 2-[4-(4-dodecyloxybenzoyloxy)phenyl]- pyrimidine-5-carboxylate and its racemic modification are synthesised; miscibility studies, investigations of defect textures, differential scanning calorimetry and electrical field studies show that this material exhibits an antiferroelectric twist grain boundary TGBC*A analogue of the Abrikosov flux phase found in superconductors.
ChemInform Abstract: Defying Ring Strain: New Approaches to Cyclopropanes. (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
On the elastic response of sintered porous silicon layers (2014)

Since its discovery, porous silicon (PSi) has long been studied for its optical properties, its bio-compatibility and its high reactivity due to its large specific surface area. In photovoltaics and in some integrated circuit applications, it has been also used as a tunable sacrificial layer. In some cases, the sacrificial PSi is annealed at high temperature to make the porous structure reorganize. If its initial porosity is within a certain range, then the columnar pores reorganize into sphere-like pores and the closed top surface can be employed for high quality epitaxial growth. To optimize these techniques, the evaluation of the mechanical properties of sintered PSi layers is paramount. Nonetheless, no experimental data are reported in literature. The content of this work is twofold. First, a range of porosities within which the pores reorganize in a closed structure is identified. Second, the PSi mechanical properties are evaluated by spherical indentation and surface acoustic wave analysis. The values are compared with a numerical model based on homogenization theory that was previously proposed by some of the authors. The characterization methods are shown to be consistent, with measured values within bounds predicted by the numerical model.
A Cobalt-Based Tetrazolium Salts Reduction Test To Assay Polyphenols (2009)

A novel assay was developed to measure the capacity of polyphenols to chelate cobalt(II) by using the reduction of the tetrazolium salts, NBT (nitroblue tetrazolium chloride), MTT (methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide), and XTT (2,3-bis[2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl]-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) to formazan products. The reduction of the salts is initiated by a cocktail comprised of cobalt(II), H(2)O(2), and selenium(IV), which generates hydroxyl radical, peroxide, and superoxide ions. However, because cobalt(II) could not be replaced either by Fe(II), Mn(II), or Cu(II), the classical Fenton transitional metals, it indicates that cobalt is the key player in the tetrazolium salt reduction. Micromolar concentrations of a large variety of antioxidant polyphenols and minute amounts of fruit beverages rich in polyphenols can readily chelate cobalt, resulting in the inhibition of the reduction of tetrazolium salt to formazan, in a dose-dependent manner. However, this method is unsuitable to measure low molecular weight antioxidants such as ascorbate, uric acid, and vitamin E since these have no chelating properties for cobalt(II). The newly described tetrazolium reduction method is as sensitive as the ferric ion reducing antioxidant power, 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl hydrate, and the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence antioxidant assays. The practical advantages of using the newly described method to quantify polyphenol levels from various sources are briefly discussed.
Abstract 172 (2015)

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLASTIC SURGEONS PLASTIC & RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY PRS GLOBAL OPEN ASPS EDUCATION NETWORK AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLASTIC SURGEONS PLASTIC & RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY PRS GLOBAL OPEN ASPS EDUCATION NETWORK
A novel three-phase three-port UPS employing a single high-frequency isolation transformer (2004)

A three-phase PWM rectifier and a three-phase PWM inverter are coupled via two four-quadrant full-bridge converter cells and a high-frequency isolation transformer. By employing a third transformer winding and further full-bridge cell battery energy storage is incorporated into the power transfer between rectifier and inverter resulting in a three-port UPS concept. The phase shift control of the power flow between the ports is analyzed for square-wave operation of the full-bridge cells. Furthermore, the utilization of the degrees of freedom of the system control, i.e. the extension to duty cycle control for optimizing the system behavior is discussed and control laws ensuring minimum overall system losses are derived. Finally, a control-oriented converter model is proposed and the decoupled control of the power flow of the ports is treated briefly. All theoretical considerations are verified by simulations using PSIM.