gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A fluid cover medium provides superior morphology and preserves RNA integrity in tissue sections for laser microdissection and pressure catapulting (2003)

Laser microdissection and pressure catapulting has become a powerful tool to obtain homogeneous cell populations from tissue samples in nearly all fields of biomedical research. The isolated cells can be subsequently used for the analysis of proteins, DNA or RNA. However, the method requires physical access to the tissue surface and the sections therefore need to be air-dried and uncovered. The consequence is poor morphology, which severely reduces the potential of the technique, especially in non-homogeneous tissues or tissues with infiltrating immune cells. To overcome this limitation, a fluid cover medium was developed and the effects on frozen and paraffin wax-embedded tissue morphology were evaluated. The cover medium improved the morphology such that it was almost comparable to sections overlaid with glass coverslips. Moreover, the laser microdissection procedure was facilitated, since the medium allowed larger areas of tissues to be laser pressure-catapulted. Neither the isolation of proteins nor the extraction of genomic DNA was adversely affected by the use of the fluid cover medium. No significant differences in RNA quantity and integrity were detected by TaqMan real-time PCR for GAPDH, and microchip electrophoresis, between covered and uncovered tissue sections. In conclusion, this method provides considerably improved morphology for laser microdissection and pressure catapulting techniques without affecting RNA-dependent downstream applications. This not only facilitates established procedures, but will also extend the application to tissues that require superior morphological resolution.
Future Direction for a Diffusion Barrier in Future High-Density Volatile and Nonvolatile Memory Devices (2002)

ABSTRACT This article reviews the current status of high-density capacitor for volatile memory devices. The dielectric properties for both the Ta2O5 film and the (Ba, Sr)TiO3 (BST) dielectric materials using either the metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) or the atomic layer deposition (ALD) are reviewed briefly. New challenges of dielectric material for the next generation, and serious problems emerged during integration to date using Ta2O5 and BST. The material characteristics of many electrode materials for the high dielectric materials are introduced. We present the basic properties and integration issued for MOCVD-ruthenium (Ru). The second part of this review summarized the failure mechanisms from barrier properties of previously reported diffusion barriers and emphasizes new design concepts of diffusion barrier for high-density memory devices. Finally, the future direction for a diffusion barrier to advance high-density memory capacitors is suggested. KEY WORDS: high-density capacitorsdielectric materialelectrode materialsacrificial diffusion barrier concept
Preparation of Rh/CeO<sub>2</sub> Using Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> and Its Catalytic Application for Automotive Exhaust (2013)

Rh/CeO2 catalysts were investigated for automotive catalysts prepared by a supercritical CO2 impregnation technique. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used for the analysis of the Rh loading, Rh structure, and the morphology of the particles, respectively. Results of TEM and XRD showed Rh particles are highly dispersed on CeO2 surface, and Rh/CeO2 after calcination were prevented aggregation of CeO2. OSC of Rh/CeO2 prepared by supercritical impregnation method was higher than those of conventional catalysts. The catalytic tests for three way catalysts (TWC) showed high CO oxidation activity obtained using Rh/CeO2 prepared by supercritical impregnation. Thus, it was concluded that supercritical CO2 impregnation technique can improve OSC and TWC activity.
Syntheses of [ethylene-1,2-bis(.eta.5-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-indenyl)]zirconium and -hafnium hydride complexes. Improved syntheses of the corresponding dichlorides (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSyntheses of [ethylene-1,2-bis(.eta.5-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-indenyl)]zirconium and -hafnium hydride complexes. Improved syntheses of the corresponding dichloridesRobert B. Grossman, Ruth Ann Doyle, and Stephen L. BuchwaldCite this: Organometallics 1991, 10, 5, 1501–1505Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00051a047https://doi.org/10.1021/om00051a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views941Altmetric-Citations132LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Method for Tractable Dynamical Studies of Single and Double Shock Compression (2003)

A new multiscale simulation method is formulated for the study of shocked materials. The method combines molecular dynamics and the Euler equations for compressible flow. Treatment of the difficult problem of the spontaneous formation of multiple shock waves due to material instabilities is enabled with this approach. The method allows the molecular dynamics simulation of the system under dynamical shock conditions for orders of magnitude longer time periods than is possible using the popular nonequilibrium molecular dynamics approach. An example calculation is given for a model potential for silicon in which a computational speedup of 10(5) is demonstrated. Results of these simulations are consistent with the recent experimental observation of an anomalously large elastic precursor on the nanosecond time scale.
Effect of cGMP Derivatives on Contraction Relaxation Cycle, Release of Norepinephrine and Protein Kinase Activity in Guinea Pig Vas Deferens (1980)

Contractions of the guinea pigs vas deferens were induced by field stimulation and the effects of derivatives of cGMP were tested on the contraction-relaxation cycle. Relaxation was induced by 8-Br-cGMP and O2'-mb-cGMP. On the contrary, db-cGMP and N2-mb-cGMP potentiated the contraction. The relaxant effect of 8-Br-cGMP was not mimicked by 8-Br-5'GMP, instead the latter caused the opposite effect. Since neither 8-Br-cGMP nor db-cGMP affected the release of norepinephrine on field stimulation the cGMP derivatives induced their effects at a postsynaptic site. 8-Br-cGMP was found to be 100-fold more potent than cGMP to simulate protein kinase activity in crude extracts from guinea pig was deferens. N2-mb-cGMP and O2'-mb-cGMP were approximately equipotent to cGMP while db-cGMP was less active. 8-Br-5'-GMP did not stimulate the protein kinase. It is suggested that the results support the hypothesis that cGMP acts as a relaxant in the smooth muscle of the vas deferens. The potentiation caused by db-cGMP and N2-mb-cGMP on contractions could be dependent on the substitution in the guanine moiety of the molecules with the butyryl group. Their effect was thus probably unrelated to a specific cGMP effect.
Author Correction: Quantitative vessel tortuosity: A potential CT imaging biomarker for distinguishing lung granulomas from adenocarcinomas (2019)

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Comments on "An exact formulation for the vector potential of a cylindrical antenna with uniformly distributed current and arbitrary radius" [with reply] (1994)

The paper written by Werner (see ibid, vol.41, no.8, p.1009-1018, 1993) relies on the technique and results that were developed by Overfelt (1987). At the time, I submitted a comment regarding that method (see. Gera, ibid. p.584, 1990). It seems that this comment applies here. Werner replies that the exact expressions for the generalised exponential integral are mathematically correct in the form that they appear in the paper, as demonstrated by the results shown. There are actually several equivalent forms which exist for these expansions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Data Format for Ray File Standard (2013)

A working group for the Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) recently published the TM-25 standard file format for disseminating source ray data. This presentation will inform the community of the results.
A Bayesian model based computational analysis of the relationship between bisulfite accessible single-stranded DNA in chromatin and somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes (2021)

The B cells in our body generate protective antibodies by introducing somatic hypermutations (SHM) into the variable region of immunoglobulin genes (IgVs). The mutations are generated by activation induced deaminase (AID) that converts cytosine to uracil in single stranded DNA (ssDNA) generated during transcription. Attempts have been made to correlate SHM with ssDNA using bisulfite to chemically convert cytosines that are accessible in the intact chromatin of mutating B cells. These studies have been complicated by using different definitions of "bisulfite accessible regions" (BARs). Recently, deep-sequencing has provided much larger datasets of such regions but computational methods are needed to enable this analysis. Here we leveraged the deep-sequencing approach with unique molecular identifiers and developed a novel Hidden Markov Model based Bayesian Segmentation algorithm to characterize the ssDNA regions in the IGHV4-34 gene of the human Ramos B cell line. Combining hierarchical clustering and our new Bayesian model, we identified recurrent BARs in certain subregions of both top and bottom strands of this gene. Using this new system, the average size of BARs is about 15 bp. We also identified potential G-quadruplex DNA structures in this gene and found that the BARs co-locate with G-quadruplex structures in the opposite strand. Using various correlation analyses, there is not a direct site-to-site relationship between the bisulfite accessible ssDNA and all sites of SHM but most of the highly AID mutated sites are within 15 bp of a BAR. In summary, we developed a novel platform to study single stranded DNA in chromatin at a base pair resolution that reveals potential relationships among BARs, SHM and G-quadruplexes. This platform could be applied to genome wide studies in the future.
Shunting Phenylacetic Acid Catabolism for Tropone Biosynthesis (2019)

Tropone is a seven-membered ring nonbenzenoid aromatic compound. It is the core structure of tropolonoids, which have various biological activities. In this study, a hybrid tropone biosynthetic pathway was designed by connecting phenylacetic acid (PAA) degradation with its biosynthesis and reconstituted in Escherichia coli. To simplify pathway construction and optimization, the use of E. coli endogenous genes was maximized and only three exogenous genes were employed. The entire pathway was divided into four modules: the endogenous shikimate pathway module, the hybrid PAA biosynthetic module, the endogenous PAA catabolic module and the heterogeneous tropone biosynthetic module. Efficiency of the PAA catabolic module was enhanced using PAA consumption rate as the indicator. Then, a single point mutation was introduced to inactivate the ALDH domain of PaaZ and the carbon flow was redirected toward tropone synthesis. Assembly of the full pathway led to de novo tropone production with the best titer of 65.2 ± 1.4 mg/L in shake flask experiment. This study provides a potential alternative for sustainable production of tropone and its derivatives.
Fabrication and Characterization of Thin and Dense Electrolyte‐Coated Anode Tube Using Thermoplastic Coextrusion (2006)

Anode tubes coated with thin and dense electrolyte layers were fabricated by thermoplastic coextrusion, using a nickel oxide (NiO)–yttria‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ) composite and YSZ as the anode and electrolyte materials, respectively. The initial feedrod with a diameter of 22 mm, comprised of three thermoplastic compounds (carbon black (core), NiO–YSZ (intermediate), and YSZ (shell)), was coextruded through various orifices having diameters of 0.5, 1, and 2 mm at 120°C, producing continuous filaments with remarkable size reductions, while preserving the cross section of the initial feedrod. After removing the binder and carbon black used as the core material, the samples were cofired at 1350°C for 3 h in air, producing ceramic tubes with small diameters, ranging from 0.4 to 1.8 mm, where the surfaces of porous NiO–YSZ layers were coated with thin and dense YSZ layers, ranging from 22 to 98 μm.
Trust evaluation in ad-hoc networks (2004)

An important concept in network security is trust, interpreted as a relation among entities that participate in various protocols. Trust relations are based on evidence related to the previous interactions of entities within a protocol. In this work, we are focusing on the evaluation process of trust evidence in Ad Hoc Networks. Because of the dynamic nature of Ad Hoc Networks, trust evidence may be uncertain and incomplete. Also, no pre-established infrastructure can be assumed. The process is formulated as a path problem on a directed graph, where nodes represent entities, and edges represent trust relations. Using the theory of semirings, we show how two nodes can establish an indirect trust relation without previous direct interaction. The results are robust in the presence of attackers. We give intuitive requirements for any trust evaluation algorithm. The performance of the scheme is evaluated on three topologies.
P2‐313: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment memory index score (MOCA‐MIS) and total MOCA score to help predict MCI conversion to Alzheimer's disease (2012)

The MoCA has been shown to distinguish Cognitively Normal Subjects from patients with MCI or AD in a cross sectional study. This study aims to evaluate the usefulness of the MoCA Total Score (MoCA-TS), and MoCA Memory Index Score (MoCA-MIS) to predict MCI to AD conversion in MCI subjects who were followed for up to 5 years. Data was collected from charts of consecutive subjects presenting with cognitive complaints to the CEDRA/Neuro Rive-Sud Memory clinic between 2005 and 2011. MCI diagnosis was made according to Petersen's criteria. ROC curves were analyzed to evaluate the predictive ability of the MoCA-TS, and MoCA-MIS to distinguish MCI Converters (MCI-C) from MCI-Non Converters (MCI-NC). MoCA-MIS is calculated by adding delayed recall score (X 3), category-cued recall (X 2), and multiple choice-cued recall (X 1), with possible scores of 0-15. 168 MCI subjects met study criteria. 116/168 subjects converted to AD (69.04%), and 52 subjects remained MCI on follow-up. Average time to conversion to AD was 18 months (Range 2-68 months), and average follow-up for MCI-NC was 20 months (Range 2-62). Average MCI Converters (MCI-C) and MCI-Non-Converters (MCI-NC) baseline MoCA Total Scores (MoCA-TS) were: 19.34 (SD 3.68), and 22.15 (SD 3.50) respectively (t = 4.64, p< 0.001), and Memory Index Scores (MoCA-MIS) were 6.66 (SD 3.00) and 8.54 (SD 3.18) respectively (t = 3.68, p< 0.001). ROC curve analysis showed that both MoCA-TS and MoCA-MIS are equally predictive of MCI conversion to AD with ROC curve values of 0.71 and 0.67 respectively. Using cut-offs for MoCA-TS (19-20/30) and MoCA-MIS (6-7/15), MCI conversion rates were 53% when both scores were above the cut-off and 91% when both scores were below the cut-off. Logistic regression analysis did not show any significant age or education effects.
Flame Chromatography: Toward Fuel Indexing Based on Multiple Weak Flames in a Meso-Scale Channel With a Prescribed Temperature Profile (2011)

For understanding flame stability in microcombustor, fundamental studies on the combustion characteristics in a meso-scale channel with a prescribed wall temperature profile have been conducted. Results showed that the existence of dynamic oscillatory flames and weak flames in addition to the normal propagating flames for the first time. It is then recognized that the weak flame phenomena can be applied for examining multi-stage oxidation of hydrocarbon fuels in wide temperature range from 300K up to auto-ignition temperature. Based on the preliminary experiments with various fuels including primary referenced fuel for gasoline, research octane number (RON) of the test fuels can be clearly described by the aspects of the stabilized stationary multiple weak flames. The methodology can be termed “flame chromatography” and it is expected to be applied for fuel indexing of future alternative fuel characterizations.
Implementing Power Buffer Functionality in a Dc-Dc Converter by Geometric Control (2006)

Modern power electronics are capable of regulating loads with bandwidths so high that they essentially enforce constant power on millisecond time scales. These types of loads continue to grow in influence on electrical distribution systems. Most such loads, including motor drives, computer power supplies, and compact fluorescent lighting, serve to "isolate" the load dynamics from the utility grid. The unfortunate effect is that these loads exhibit negative impedance characteristics which tend to destabilize the supply system during a system transient, potentially contributing to voltage collapse. Active front-end control of such loads to implement a power buffer function has been shown to mitigate collapse but has relied on complicated hybrid control techniques. This paper introduces a geometric control surface based on a change of converter variables that simply and effectively implements a power buffer function. The formulation and implementation of the optimal surface is presented, in addition to experimental validation of the new power buffer control law
Complement activation by Proteus mirabilis negatively charged lipopolysaccharides (2000)

Proteus mirabilis strains are human pathogens responsible for urinary tract infections and bacteremias and may be involved in rheumatoid arthritis. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS, bacterial endotoxin), the major component of the cell wall, is one of the virulence factors of Proteus. In the presented studies, we have investigated complement activation by LPSs isolated from P. mirabilis O10, O23, O30, and O43 strains, which differ in the number of negative COO- groups on their polysaccharide components. Four P. mirabilis strains studied were sensitive to complement-mediated killing, despite complement binding by their LPSs. The optimal complement binding by LPSs was detected in serum with functional assays for both the classical and alternative pathways. Complement activation in 80% serum by the smooth, uronic acid, and hexosamine containing P. mirabilis LPSs was not critically determined by the structure of their O-chain polysaccharides. One of four LPSs used as a model, P. mirabilis O10 LPS, fragmented C3 in an LPS dose- and time-dependent manner. It was detected by crossed-immunoelectrophoresis and capture ELISA with anti-C3c antibodies. The lower complement activation by 023 LPS correlates with its reduced C3 fragmentation, compared with three other Proteus LPSs studied. Rabbit anti-O antibodies enhanced the complement binding and factor C3 fragmentation by O10, O23, O30, and O43 P. mirabilis LPSs.
IrisNet (2005)

Most current sensor network research explores the use of extremely simple sensors on small devices called motes and focuses on over-coming the resource constraints of these devices. In contrast, our research explores the challenges of multimedia sensors and is motivated by the fact that multimedia devices, such as cameras, are rapidly becoming inexpensive, yet their use in a sensor network presents a number of unique challenges. For example, the data rates involved with multimedia sensors are orders of magnitude greater than those for sensor motes and this data cannot easily be processed by traditional sensor network techniques that focus on scalar data. In addition, the richness of the data generated by multimedia sensors makes them useful for a wide variety of applications. This paper presents an overview of IRISNET, a sensor network architecture that enables the creation of a planetary-scale infrastructure of multimedia sensors that can be shared by a large number of applications. To ensure the efficient collection of sensor readings, IRISNET enables the application-specific processing of sensor feeds on the significant computation resources that are typically attached to multimedia sensors. IRISNET enables the storage of sensor readings close to their source by providing a convenient and extensible distributed XML database infrastructure. Finally, IRISNET provides a number of multimedia processing primitives that enable the effective processing of sensor feeds in-network and at-sensor.
Model-Based Sensor-Augmented Pump Therapy (2013)

The study results demonstrate the potential of this method, which could serve as a platform for improving, facilitating, and standardizing insulin pump therapy based on a single download of data.
Évaluation de la douleur induite par la vaccination en fonction du bras d’injection (vaccination SARS-COV-2) (2022)

Since its discovery, the concept of vaccination has continued to improve in order to offer better efficacy and tolerance. Local or even diffuse reactions are often reported, but no study reports results on the injection side. We carried out a prospective observational study on the COVID-19 vaccination centers of the Landes regional hospital consortium (GHT) over three weeks. A questionnaire was given after the second injection, and assessed patients’ feelings about the first injection. During this period, 2797 patients received their second injection and 2487 responded to the questionnaire, of which 2301 are usable. 81% of vaccinations were performed on the weak arm and 19% on the dominant arm. Local pain/discomfort was reported by 47% of patients on both arms, occurring the same day as the vaccination took place for half of the patients and the next day for the other half, with an average intensity of 3.3. Extensive pain/discomfort was present in 19% of patients, regardless of which arm was injected. The choice of the injected arm does not seem to have influence on pain.
Decagonal and Quasi-Crystalline Tilings in Medieval Islamic Architecture (2007)

The conventional view holds that girih (geometric star-and-polygon, or strapwork) patterns in medieval Islamic architecture were conceived by their designers as a network of zigzagging lines, where the lines were drafted directly with a straightedge and a compass. We show that by 1200 C.E. a conceptual breakthrough occurred in which girih patterns were reconceived as tessellations of a special set of equilateral polygons ("girih tiles") decorated with lines. These tiles enabled the creation of increasingly complex periodic girih patterns, and by the 15th century, the tessellation approach was combined with self-similar transformations to construct nearly perfect quasi-crystalline Penrose patterns, five centuries before their discovery in the West.