gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surfactant-free synthesis of a water-soluble PEGylated nanographeneoxide/metal-oxide nanocomposite as engineered antimicrobial weaponry (2016)

A global upsurge in antibiotic resistance has led to research in metal-based antimicrobial therapy. Nonetheless, the clinical translation of metal oxides is often hampered by their poor aqueous solubility. This work unravels the surfactant-free synthesis of a water-soluble PEGylated nanographene oxide/zinc-doped copper oxide complex (NGO-PEG-Zn-CuO) with superior antibacterial activity. We uncover its mechanism of bacterial cell death over E. coli and S. aureus associated with oxidative stress and high production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) compared to NGO-ZnCuO, ZnCuO and NGO-PEG. A simple, one-step sonochemical technique is employed to deposit the Zn-CuO nanoparticles (NPs) on NGO-PEG. This complex demonstrates excellent aqueous solubility in different physiological solutions, including serum. Moreover, it exhibits excellent stability in water for a period of more than two months with almost no cytotoxicity effect on HeLa cells. Taken together, these results display the superior potency of the NGO-PEG-ZnCuO complex as a soluble and non-toxic compound with enhanced antibacterial properties.
Image-based pupil plane characterization via principal component analysis for EUVL tools (2016)

We present an approach to image-based pupil plane amplitude and phase characterization using models built with principal component analysis (PCA). PCA is a statistical technique to identify the directions of highest variation (principal components) in a high-dimensional dataset. A polynomial model is constructed between the principal components of through-focus intensity for the chosen binary mask targets and pupil amplitude or phase variation. This method separates model building and pupil characterization into two distinct steps, thus enabling rapid pupil characterization following data collection. The pupil plane variation of a zone-plate lens from the Semiconductor High-NA Actinic Reticle Review Project (SHARP) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory will be examined using this method. Results will be compared to pupil plane characterization using a previously proposed methodology where inverse solutions are obtained through an iterative process involving least-squares regression.
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE 32,000 DALTON MEMBRANE PROTEIN—I. EARLY SYNTHESIS DURING PHOTOINDUCED PLASTID DEVELOPMENT OF SPIRODELA (1978)

Abstract The kinetics of 35 S methionine incorporation into soluble and membrane proteins during the transition from steady state dark growth to greening was studied in Spirodela . A sharp increase in the rate of incorporation occurred at 3 h, which was several h before major increases in chlorophyll were apparent. Part of this enhanced incorporation was due to enhanced synthesis of a 32 ,000 dalton membrane protein. This synthesis was paralleled by a temporal increase in in uitro template capacity for this protein and an increase in 0.5 × 10 6 dalton plastid messenger RNA.
Established HPLC Fraction Analysis to Predict Furanocoumarin‐Based Herb–Drug Metabolic Interactions (2011)

An attempt was made in this study to predict the potential for metabolic interactions of herbal extracts of drugs from their chromatographic profiles in reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Twenty-nine structurally related furanocoumarin compounds with known inhibitory interactions with cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A), which is important for phase-I drug metabolism, were selected as a model system. A sigmoidal relationship was established between the CYP3A inhibitory potency (y) and the RP-HPLC total peak response unit (R(u), x) as y = 85.36 x (14.86 + x)⁻¹ with a correlation coefficient of 0.63. The sigmoidal curve could be divided into three ranges designated low, medium and high risk that were used to indicate the relative inhibitory potency of the metabolic interactions of herbs or traditional Chinese herb medicines with CYP3A. These predictive classifications provide information or might be useful for 'risk category' decisions concerning herb-drug interactions.
Models for the Pigment Organization in the Chlorosomes of Photosynthetic Bacteria: Diastereoselective Control of in-Vitro Bacteriochlorophyll cs Aggregation. [Erratum to document cited in CA122:76986] (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleModels for the Pigment Organization in the Chlorosomes of Photosynthetic Bacteria: Diastereoselective Control of in-Vitro Bacteriochlorophyll cs Aggregation. [Erratum to document cited in CA122:76986]John Chiefari, Kai Griebenow, Nils Griebenow, T. Silviu Balaban, Alfred R. Holzwarth, and Kurt SchaffnerCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 43, 16194Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100043a074https://doi.org/10.1021/j100043a074research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views39Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Changes in Anthropometric Parameters After Anti-TNFα Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2020)

Anti-TNFα treatment appears to be associated with an increase in body weight, BMI, and other anthropometric parameters. Given the differing courses of IBD between children and adults, this association should be considered before initiating biologics for undernourished, overweight, and obese patients. Registration: PROSPERO registration number CRD42020163079.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Calicheamicin γI 1. Part 1. Synthesis of the Oligosaccharide Fragment. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Supplemental Figure 3 from MCL-1 Is a Key Determinant of Breast Cancer Cell Survival: Validation of MCL-1 Dependency Utilizing a Highly Selective Small Molecule Inhibitor (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 3: MCL-1 dependency dictates cellular response to the CDK9 inhibitor flavopiridol and correlates with kinetics of death resulting from MCL-1 siRNA treatment.&lt;/p&gt;
Fretnet: Continuous-Valued Pitch Contour Streaming For Polyphonic Guitar Tablature Transcription (2023)

In recent years, the task of Automatic Music Transcription (AMT), whereby various attributes of music notes are estimated from audio, has received increasing attention. At the same time, the related task of Multi-Pitch Estimation (MPE) remains a challenging but necessary component of almost all AMT approaches, even if only implicitly. In the context of AMT, pitch information is typically quantized to the nominal pitches of the Western music scale. Even in more general contexts, MPE systems typically produce pitch predictions with some degree of quantization. In certain applications of AMT, such as Guitar Tablature Transcription (GTT), it is more meaningful to estimate continuous-valued pitch contours. Guitar tablature has the capacity to represent various playing techniques, some of which involve pitch modulation. Contemporary approaches to AMT do not adequately address pitch modulation, and offer only less quantization at the expense of more model complexity. In this paper, we present a GTT formulation that estimates continuous-valued pitch contours, grouping them according to their string and fret of origin. We demonstrate that for this task, the proposed method significantly improves the resolution of MPE and simultaneously yields tablature estimation results competitive with baseline models.
From the aether to the ethernet: attacking the internet using broadcast digital television (2014)

In the attempt to bring modern broadband Internet fea-tures to traditional broadcast television, the Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) consortium introduced a specifi-cation called Hybrid Broadcast-Broadband Television (HbbTV), which allows broadcast streams to include em-bedded HTML content which is rendered by the televi-sion. This system is already in very wide deployment in Europe, and has recently been adopted as part of the American digital television standard. Our analyses of the specifications, and of real systems implementing them, show that the broadband and broad-cast systems are combined insecurely. This enables a large-scale exploitation technique with a localized geo-graphical footprint based on radio frequency (RF) injec-tion, which requires a minimal budget and infrastructure and is remarkably difficult to detect. Despite our respon-sible disclosure to the standards body, our attack was viewed as too expensive and with limited pay-off to the attackers. In this paper, we present the attack methodology and a number of follow-on exploitation techniques that pro-vide significant flexibility to attackers. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the technical complexity and required budget are low, making this attack practical and realis-tic, especially in areas with high population density – in a dense urban area, an attacker with a budget of about $450 can target more than 20,000 devices in a single attack. A unique aspect of this attack is that, in contrast to most In-ternet of Things/Cyber-Physical System threat scenarios where the attack comes from the data network side and affects the physical world, our attack uses the physical broadcast network to attack the data network. 1
Review The human polyomaviruses (2006)

The Polyomavirus family includes two mem- bers, BK virus (BKV) and JC virus (JCV), that natu- rally infect humans. These viruses are widely distributed among the population worldwide. Primary infection oc curs in early childhood and remains for life clinically unapparent in immunocompetent individuals. In the con- text of severe immunosuppression and other predisposing factors BKV and JCV may reactivate and cause serious illnesses known as Polyomavirus-induced nephropathy and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, respec- tively. Here we briefly examine the biological and physical characteristics and the lifecycle, namely receptor(s) inter- action, mode of entry, intracellular trafficking, viral tran- scription and replication, and progeny assembly of these two human Polyomaviruses. We also provide an overview of the clinical manifestation of Polyomavirus-induced disorders in affected individuals and discuss the potential involvement of BKV and JCV in human cancer.
FRP-to-concrete debonding - global and local bond behaviour (2018)

FRP (fiber reinforced polymer) strips are used to flexurally strengthen reinforced concrete (RC) beams. The global bond strength namely the maximum transferable bond stress due to the increase of FRP tensile stress in a cracked concrete element (subsequently named as global bond shear stress) is a relevant aspect of flexural strengthening design. The differences between the bond strength in an uncracked concrete (end anchorage) and in a cracked concrete element have been highlighted in the existing literature; however, despite a large number of research works on the simple lap-shear test (local bond shear stress), less effort has been dedicated to investigate and model debonding on a global view. The current version of Swiss code on externally bonded reinforcement (SIA 166-2004) limits the local and global bond strength by means of the shear stresses, &lt;i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;τf,max=τl0&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;τl,lim&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, which are both assumed to be only functions of the concrete tensile strength. Nevertheless, it has been demonstrated in the literature that the maximum interfacial shear stress between two adjacent flexural (or flexural-shear) cracks depends also on the stress level in the FRP (&lt;i&gt;σo&lt;/i&gt;). In the current paper, the difference between the local and global bond behavior and its debonding processes is explained and discussed with analytical and numerical models.\nIn analogy to the existing approach developed to study the bond behavior of prestressed carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips during force release, a fracture energy-based model is proposed in the current study to determine the maximum global bond developed in a so-called intermediate crack element (ICE). The proposed model is a function of the FRP tensile stress (&lt;i&gt;σo&lt;/i&gt;) and assumes a constant shear stress law. It is here demonstrated that the proposed model provides similar results to the more complicated models available in the literature. The main findings are here discussed with the aim to evaluate the feasibility of this new model for a future enhancement of the Swiss code.
MIRAS Airborne Demonstrator (2006)

This paper presents the MIRAS Airborne Demonstrator, a prototype instrument for the MIRAS radiometer onboard the SMOS mission. A description of the instrument is given, the first results of its performances and the planned follow on activities to be done
Interleukin-1 is a mucus secretagogue (1991)

Explant cultures of mouse duodenum were used to show that interleukin-1 (IL-1) causes release of mucus from epithelial goblet cells. Our experiments made use of a newly described enzyme-linked lectin assay (ELLA) which employs enzyme-conjugated soybean agglutinin to detect mucus glycoproteins secreted from explant cultures of mouse duodenum. Supernatants from cultures of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated peritoneal macrophages as well as partially purified rabbit alveolar macrophage-derived IL-1 and human rIL-1 beta all induced mucus release in a rapid and dose-dependent fashion. This observation may be important for investigating a link between the immune response and mucus hypersecretion from inflamed intestinal mucosa.
The Ru(II)‐Supported Heptatungstates [HXW7O28Ru(dmso)3]6‐ (X: P, As). (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Risk Factors for Tuberculosis (TB) Among Household Contacts of Patients With Smear-Positive TB in 8 Provinces of Vietnam: A Nested Case-Control Study (2020)

Household contacts remain an important key population for TB prevention and control. TB programs should ensure effective contact investigations are implemented for household contacts, particularly those with additional risk factors for developing TB.
Genetic Algorithm for hardware Trojan detection with ring oscillator network (RON) (2015)

Securing integrated circuits against malicious modifications (i.e., hardware Trojans) is of utmost importance, as hardware Trojans may leak information and reduce reliability of electronic systems in critical applications. In this paper, we use ring oscillators (ROs) to gather measurements of ICs that may contain hardware Trojans. To distinguish between Trojan-inserted ICs and Trojan-free ICs, we investigate several classification approaches. Furthermore, we propose a novel feature selection approach based on the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and evaluate its performance compared to several popular alternatives. The proposed method is an improvement over principal component analysis (PCA) in terms of accuracy and equal error rate by 30% and 97% respectively.
Unsuccessful and Successful Clinical Trials in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Addressing Physiology-Based Gaps (2021)

The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe form of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure caused by an insult to the alveolar-capillary membrane, resulting in a marked reduction of aerated alveoli, increased vascular permeability and subsequent interstitial and alveolar pulmonary edema, reduced lung compliance, increase of physiological dead space, and hypoxemia. Most ARDS patients improve their systemic oxygenation, as assessed by the ratio between arterial partial pressure of oxygen and inspired oxygen fraction, with conventional intensive care and the application of moderate-to-high levels of positive end-expiratory pressure. However, in some patients hypoxemia persisted because the lungs are markedly injured, remaining unresponsive to increasing the inspiratory fraction of oxygen and positive end-expiratory pressure. For decades, mechanical ventilation was the only standard support technique to provide acceptable oxygenation and carbon dioxide removal. Mechanical ventilation provides time for the specific therapy to reverse the disease-causing lung injury and for the recovery of the respiratory function. The adverse effects of mechanical ventilation are direct consequences of the changes in pulmonary airway pressures and intrathoracic volume changes induced by the repetitive mechanical cycles in a diseased lung. In this article, we review 14 major successful and unsuccessful randomized controlled trials conducted in patients with ARDS on a series of techniques to improve oxygenation and ventilation published since 2010. Those trials tested the effects of adjunctive therapies (neuromuscular blocking agents, prone positioning), methods for selecting the optimum positive end-expiratory pressure (after recruitment maneuvers, or guided by esophageal pressure), high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, extracorporeal oxygenation, and pharmacologic immune modulators of the pulmonary and systemic inflammatory responses in patients affected by ARDS. We will briefly comment physiology-based gaps of negative trials and highlight the possible needs to address in future clinical trials in ARDS.
Biological and therapeutic significance of MUC1 with sialoglycans in clear cell adenocarcinoma of the ovary (2007)

A monoclonal antibody (mAb) MY.1E12 was applied to detect MUC1 with sialylated glycans in a total of 55 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded surgical specimens of ovarian clear cell adenocarcinomas. A reverse correlation between the binding levels of this mAb and patient survival was demonstrated. To examine the role of MUC1 in ovarian clear cell carcinomas, two cDNA encoding MUC1 were transfected into ES-2 ovarian clear cell carcinoma cells. By comparing these cells, the role of MUC1 in tumorigenicity, chemosensitivity and survival under anoikis conditions were assessed. The results indicate that MUC1 expressed on ovarian clear cell carcinoma cells is causally involved in the malignant behavior.
Automatic Extraction and Evaluation of Human Activity Using Conditional Random Fields and Self-Supervised Learning (2011)

In our definition, human activity can be expressed by five basic attributes: actor, action, object, time and location. The goal of this paper is describe a method to automatically extract all of the basic attributes and the transition between activities derived from sentences in Japanese web pages. However, previous work had some limitations, such as high setup costs, inability to extract all attributes, limitation on the types of sentences that can be handled, and insufficient consideration interdependency among attributes. To resolve these problems, this paper proposes a novel approach that uses conditional random fields and self-supervised learning. Given a small corpus sample as input, it automatically makes its own training data and a feature model. Based on the feature model, it automatically extracts all of the attributes and the transition between the activities in each sentence retrieved from the Web corpus. This approach treats activity extraction as a sequence labeling problem, and has advantages such as domain-independence, scalability, and does not require any human input. Since it is unnecessary to fix the number of elements in a tuple, this approach can extract all of the basic attributes and the transition between activities by making only a single pass. Additionally, by converting to simpler sentences, the approach can deal with complex sentences retrieved from the Web. In an experiment, this approach achieves high precision (activity: 88.9%, attributes: over 90%, transition: 87.5%).
Targeted detection of murine colonic dysplasia in vivo with flexible multispectral scanning fiber endoscopy (2012)

We demonstrate a multi-spectral scanning fiber endoscope (SFE) that collects fluorescence images in vivo from three target peptides that bind specifically to murine colonic adenomas. This ultrathin endoscope was demonstrated in a genetically engineered mouse model of spontaneous colorectal adenomas based on somatic Apc (adenomatous polyposis coli) gene inactivation. The SFE delivers excitation at 440, 532, 635 nm with &lt;2 mW per channel. The target 7-mer peptides were conjugated to visible organic dyes, including 7-Diethylaminocoumarin-3-carboxylic acid (DEAC) (&#955;<sub>ex</sub>=432 nm, &#955;<sub>em</sub>=472 nm), 5-Carboxytetramethylrhodamine (5-TAMRA) (&#955;<sub>ex</sub>=535 nm, &#955;<sub>em</sub>=568 nm), and CF-633 (&#955;<sub>ex</sub>=633 nm, &#955;<sub>em</sub>=650 nm). Target peptides were first validated using techniques of pfu counting, flow cytometry and previously established methods of fluorescence endoscopy. Peptides were applied individually or in combination and detected with fluorescence imaging. The ability to image multiple channels of fluorescence concurrently was successful for all three channels in vitro, while two channels were resolved simultaneously in vivo. Selective binding of the peptide was evident to adenomas and not to adjacent normal-appearing mucosa. Multispectral wide-field fluorescence detection using the SFE is achievable, and this technology has potential to advance early cancer detection and image-guided therapy in human patients by simultaneously visualizing multiple over expressed molecular targets unique to dysplasia.