gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evidence of sweepstakes reproductive success in a broadcast‐spawning coral and its implications for coral metapopulation persistence (2022)

Processes governing genetic diversity and adaptive potential in reef-building corals are of interest both for fundamental evolutionary biology and for reef conservation. Here, we investigated the possibility of "sweepstakes reproductive success" (SRS) in a broadcast spawning coral, Acropora hyacinthus, at Yap Island, Micronesia. SRS is an extreme yearly variation in the number of surviving offspring among parents. It is predicted to generate genetically differentiated, low-genetic-diversity recruit cohorts, containing close kin individuals. We have tested these predictions by comparing genetic composition of size classes (adults and juveniles) at several sites on the island of Yap. We did see the genome-wide dip in genetic diversity in juveniles compared to adults at two of the four sites; however, both adults and juveniles varied in genetic diversity across sites, and there was no detectable genetic structure among juveniles, which does not conform to the classical SRS scenario. Yet, we have identified a pair of juvenile siblings at the site where juveniles had the lowest genetic diversity compared to adults, an observation that is hard to explain without invoking SRS. While further support for SRS is needed to fully settle the issue, we show that incorporating SRS into the Indo-West Pacific coral metapopulation adaptation model had surprisingly little effect on mean rates of coral cover decline during warming. Still, SRS notably increases year-to-year variation in coral cover throughout the simulation.
New diagrammatical method for calculation of fiber-optic Lyot depolarizer performance (1988)

We present a calculation for the performance of a fiber-optic Lyot depolarizer in the first-order approximation. To ensure a straightforward calculation, we developed a new procedure with diagrams representing light propagation. The complicated expression for the degree of polarization of the depolarizer output is expressed by the propagation diagrams in a simple form by using a few formulas about the diagrams. The degree of polarization of linearly polarized incident light is calculated with an arbitrary incidence angle and with an arbitrary rotation angle between the first (shorter) fiber and the second (longer) fiber constructing the depolarizer. Especially for an incidence of nearly 45°, it is clarified by calculation that the residual polarization depends solely on the polarization coupling existing in the longer fiber and does not depend on that existing in the shorter fiber. Comparisons of calculated and measured results are also presented.
Evaluation of highly available and fault-tolerant middleware clustered architectures using RabbitMQ (2014)

The paper presents a performance evaluation of message broker system, Rabbit MQ in high availability - enabling and redundant configurations. Rabbit MQ is a message queuing system realizing the middleware for distributed systems that implements the Advanced Message Queuing Protocol. The scalability and high availability design issues are discussed. Since HA and performance scalability requirements are in conflict, scenarios for using clustered RabbitMQ nodes and mirrored queues are presented. The results of performance measurements are reported.
ACAM2000 clonal Vero cell culture vaccinia virus (New York City Board of Health strain) – a second-generation smallpox vaccine for biological defense (2004)

The threat of smallpox as a biological weapon has spurred efforts to create stockpiles of vaccine for emergency preparedness. In lieu of preparing vaccine in animal skin (the original method), we cloned vaccinia virus (New York City Board of Health strain, Dryvax®) by plaque purification and amplified the clone in cell culture. The overarching goal was to produce a modern vaccine that was equivalent to the currently licensed Dryvax® in its preclinical and clinical properties, and could thus reliably protect humans against smallpox. A variety of clones were evaluated, and many were unacceptably virulent in animal models. One clonal virus (ACAM1000) was selected and produced at clinical grade in MRC-5 human diploid cells. ACAM1000 was comparable to Dryvax® in immunogenicity and protective activity but was less neurovirulent for mice and nonhuman primates. To meet requirements for large quantities of vaccine after the events of September 11th 2001, the ACAM1000 master virus seed was used to prepare vaccine (designated ACAM2000) at large scale in Vero cells under serum-free conditions. The genomes of ACAM1000 and ACAM2000 had identical nucleotide sequences, and the vaccines had comparable biological phenotypes. ACAM1000 and ACAM2000 were evaluated in three Phase 1 clinical trials. The vaccines produced major cutaneous reactions and evoked neutralizing antibody and cell-mediated immune responses in the vast majority of subjects and had a reactogenicity profile similar to that of Dryvax®.
The spread of bla OXA-48 and bla OXA-244 carbapenemase genes among Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis and Enterobacter spp. isolated in Moscow, Russia (2015)

The expanding of CPE in the surveyed ICU was associated with the spread of bla OXA-48 and bla OXA-244 carbapenemase genes documented not only among K. pneumoniae, well-known bacterial host for such genes, but among P. mirabilis, E. aerogenes, and E. cloacae.
Collective modes in superconductor-dielectric photonic crystals (2007)

On the basis of the linear response theory we calculate the components of the electromagnetic propagator of a periodic non magnetic one dimensional system, consisting of alternating superconductor- dielectric slabs of different thicknesses. The photonic band structure and the corresponding power spectra are studied from the poles and the imaginary part of the electromagnetic propagator. It is shown that, for a given lattice period, when the superconducting slab occupies a major percentage of the unitary cell of the photonic crystal, the number of bands in a fixed range of frequencies diminishes, the intervals of forbidden frequencies decrease and the respective allowed bands present a strong dependence with the wave quasivector. Additionally, as well as the London penetration length decreases, the bands become less dispersive, which indicates the role played by the superconductor slabs in the coupling of neighbour unit cells.
Grey-box Adversarial Attack And Defence For Sentiment Classification (2021)

Ying Xu, Xu Zhong, Antonio Jimeno Yepes, Jey Han Lau. Proceedings of the 2021 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies. 2021.
Neurofibromatosis type 1: A neuro-psycho-cutaneous syndrome? (2017)

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an inherited disorder often associated with optic nerve gliomas, low-grade brain tumors, and readily visible signs. Though these features are frequently emphasized, the psychosocial and emotional morbidities are often overlooked. We present a patient with depressive disorder resulting in suicide in a patient with NF1.
Binding of porcine pancreatic phospholipase A2 to various micellar substrate analogs. The involvement of histidine-48 and aspartic acid-49 in the binding process (1981)

The interaction of porcine pancreatic phospholipase A2 (PA2) with micelles of various single-chain phospholipid analogues was studied by ultraviolet absorption difference spectroscopy and light-scattering measurements. The phospholipids used were either substrate analogues or products, varying in hydrocarbon chain lengths and polar head groups. The results indicate that the enzyme forms a stable complex over a wide range of enzyme and lipid concentrations. From the equivalent "molecular weight" and from the lipid to enzyme molar ratio (N) of the micelle--enzyme complex, it can be calculated that complexes containing saturated hydrocarbon chain lipids generally consist of two enzyme molecules and half of the number of lipid monomers present in free micelles. The interaction forces between the enzyme and lipid monomers bound in the complex are mainly hydrophobic. Stronger binding is found when the essential cofactor Ca2+ is bound to the enzyme. pH-titration studies on the binding of native PA2 to aggregated lipid structures showed that at least one group with a pKA value of 6.25 is involved in the interaction with lipid micelles. At acidic pH, micelle binding is stronger than at neutral or alkaline pH. Alkylation of the active site residue His48 resulted in a shift of the pKA value to 4.6, while addition of Ca2+ appears to stabilize the micelle-binding conformation of both native and modified enzymes over a broad pH range (pH 4--9.5). From these observations it is suggested that both the Ca2+ binding residue Asp49 [Fleer, E. A. M., Verheij, H. M., & de Haas, G. H. (1980) Eur. J. Biochem. 113, 283--288] and His48 control micelle binding of the native enzyme. For optimal binding in the absence of Ca2+, a long-distance hydrogen bond between these two residues is required; this can be established via a water molecule. It is assumed that it is a proton of this "H bond" which is titrated with a pKA value of 6.25. When the "H bond" is absent, as in the alkylated enzymes, Asp49 alone controls micelle binding with a pKA of 4.6. These results, together with the effect of Ca2+ on micelle binding, indicate that it is not the "hydrogen bridge" between His48 and Asp49 which is of main importance for an optimum binding conformation of the enzyme but the effective charge in the microenvironment of Asp49. It is proposed that a negative charge on this carboxylate causes a conformational change of the enzyme which leads to a protein conformation lacking an active micelle binding site. Binding of Ca2+ or reprotonation neutralizes this negative charge and restores the enzyme's ability to bind micelles.
AES power attack based on induced cache miss and countermeasure (2005)

This paper presents a new attack against a software implementation of the Advanced Encryption Standard. The attack aims at flushing elements of the SBOX from the cache, thus inducing a cache miss during the encryption phase. The power trace is then used to detect when the cache miss occurs; if the miss happens in the first round of the AES then the information can be used to recover part of the secret key. The attack has been simulated using the Wattch simulation framework and a simple software implementation of AES (using a single table for the SBOX). The attack can be easily extended to more sophisticated versions of AES with more than one table. Eventually, we present a simple countermeasure which does not require randomization.
Enterprise Android: Programming Android Database Applications for the Enterprise (2013)

The definitive guide to building data-driven Android applications for enterprise systems Android devices represent a rapidly growing share of the mobile device market. With the release of Android 4, they are moving beyond consumer applications into corporate/enterprise use. Developers who want to start building data-driven Android applications that integrate with enterprise systems will learn how with this book. In the tradition of Wrox Professional guides, it thoroughly covers sharing and displaying data, transmitting data to enterprise applications, and much more. Shows Android developers w
Arbitrary Optical Waveform Generation for Advanced Optical Modulation Formats and FTTx (2006)

Arbitrary optical waveform generation is used to generate a novel optical modulation format suitable for direct detection. The system performance of the format and its application to next generation FTTx transceivers are presented
Superheating and Homogeneous Single Bubble Nucleation in a Solid-State Nanopore (2014)

We demonstrate extreme superheating and single bubble nucleation in an electrolyte solution within a nanopore in a thin silicon nitride membrane. The high temperatures are achieved by Joule heating from a highly focused ionic current induced to flow through the pore by modest voltage biases. Conductance, nucleation, and bubble evolution are monitored electronically and optically. Temperatures near the thermodynamic limit of superheat are achieved just before bubble nucleation with the system at atmospheric pressure. Bubble nucleation is homogeneous and highly reproducible. This nanopore approach more generally suggests broad application to the excitation, detection, and characterization of highly metastable states of matter.
Local Distribution of Particles Deposited on Patterned Surfaces (2009)

In many process steps of integrated circuits (IC’s) fabrication, silicon wafers are coming in contact with process liquids such as ultra pure water (UPW) and aqueous and non-aqueous chemical mixtures. During these process steps, liquid-borne particle contamination can deposit on the wafer surface. Particle contamination from UPW is an important factor influencing random yield loss of IC’s [ ]. A number of yield models are used to predict yields including Poisson, Murphy, Seeds, and negative binomial models [ , ]. However, these models are based on the assumption that particles are randomly deposited on the wafer surface [ ].
OSDA‐Free Zeolite Beta with High Aluminum Content Efficiently Catalyzes a Tandem Reaction for Conversion of Glucose to 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural (2015)

Abstract Organic structure‐directing agent (OSDA)‐free zeolite Beta with high Al content exhibit remarkably high catalytic performance in the conversion of glucose to 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) by virtue of their appropriate acid properties; specifically, a sufficient number of Lewis acid sites were generated by calcination of the NH 4 ‐form zeolite, while the original Brønsted acid sites were substantially maintained, with both acid sites being in close proximity. The OSDA‐free Beta catalyst, having a large number of Brønsted acid sites and sufficient Lewis acid sites, showed superior catalytic performance to a physical mixture of each type of acid catalyst with a similar number of each acid site. This behavior could be ascribed to the high reactivity and slow intrazeolitic diffusion of fructose. The structure of the Al species active in the isomerization of glucose to fructose is discussed based on relationships between catalytic activities and changes in Al species by the calcination, changes that were observed by 27 Al magic‐angle spinning (MAS) NMR and IR spectroscopies.
Identification of Substrates of Human Protein-tyrosine Phosphatase PTPN22 (2006)

Stimulation of mature T cells activates a downstream signaling cascade involving temporally and spatially regulated phosphorylation and dephosphorylation events mediated by protein-tyrosine kinases and phosphatases, respectively. PTPN22 (Lyp), a non-receptor protein-tyrosine phosphatase, is expressed exclusively in cells of hematopoietic origin, notably in T cells where it represses signaling through the T cell receptor. We used substrate trapping coupled with mass spectrometry-based peptide identification in an unbiased approach to identify physiological substrates of PTPN22. Several potential substrates were identified in lysates from pervanadate-stimulated Jurkat cells using PTPN22-D195A/C227S, an optimized substrate trap mutant of PTPN22. These included three novel PTPN22 substrates (Vav, CD3epsilon, and valosin containing protein) and two known substrates of PEP, the mouse homolog of PTPN22 (Lck and Zap70). T cell antigen receptor (TCR) zeta was also identified as a potential substrate in Jurkat lysates by direct immunoblotting. In vitro experiments with purified recombinant proteins demonstrated that PTPN22-D195A/C227S interacted directly with activated Lck, Zap70, and TCRzeta, confirming the initial substrate trap results. Native PTPN22 dephosphorylated Lck and Zap70 at their activating tyrosine residues Tyr-394 and Tyr-493, respectively, but not at the regulatory tyrosines Tyr-505 (Lck) or Tyr-319 (Zap70). Native PTPN22 also dephosphorylated TCRzeta in vitro and in cells, and its substrate trap variant co-immunoprecipitated with TCRzeta when both were coexpressed in 293T cells, establishing TCRzeta as a direct substrate of PTPN22.
Elliptical Dichroism of High Harmonics Emitted from Aligned Molecules (2010)

By analyzing the polarization of harmonics emitted by aligned molecules driven by elliptically-polarized driving laser fields, we observe a structure-dependent dichroism. This suggests that electron dynamics within the molecule influence high harmonic generation.
Bistability in oxidative stress response determines the migration behavior of phytoplankton in turbulence (2021)

Turbulence is an important determinant of phytoplankton physiology, often leading to cell stress and damage. Turbulence affects phytoplankton migration both by transporting cells and by triggering switches in migratory behavior, whereby vertically migrating cells can actively invert their direction of migration upon exposure to turbulent cues. However, a mechanistic link between single-cell physiology and vertical migration of phytoplankton in turbulence is currently missing. Here, by combining physiological and behavioral experiments with a mathematical model of stress accumulation and dissipation, we show that the mechanism responsible for the switch in the direction of migration in the marine raphidophyte <i>Heterosigma akashiwo</i> is the integration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling generated by turbulent cues. Within timescales as short as tens of seconds, the emergent downward-migrating subpopulation exhibited a twofold increase in ROS, an indicator of stress, 15% lower photosynthetic efficiency, and 35% lower growth rate over multiple generations compared to the upward-migrating subpopulation. The origin of the behavioral split as a result of a bistable oxidative stress response is corroborated by the observation that exposure of cells to exogenous stressors (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, UV-A radiation, or high irradiance), in lieu of turbulence, caused comparable ROS accumulation and an equivalent split into the two subpopulations. By providing a mechanistic link between the single-cell mechanics of swimming and physiology on the one side and the emergent population-scale migratory response and impact on fitness on the other, the ROS-mediated early warning response we discovered contributes to our understanding of phytoplankton community composition in future ocean conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclopentadiene‐Anellated (2.2)Paracyclophanes: Novel Ligands Toward Multilayered Metal Complexes. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Entérovirus et diabète de type 1. (1998)

Outre les facteurs genetiques de predisposition au diabete insulinodependant, des facteurs pathogenes lies a l'environnement, en particulier viraux sont activement recherches. Les enterovirus, dont le genome a ete mis en evidence chez un certain nombre de malades nouvellement diabetiques, sont des candidats plausibles, d'autant plus que leur responsabilite dans le declenchement d'un diabete a ete demontree dans des modeles experimentaux. Ils ont deja ete mis en cause dans des maladies chroniques chez l'homme : cardiomyopathies, syndrome postpoliomyelite... Les enterovirus infectent de facon privilegiee les cellules β-pancreatiques et y diminuent la synthese d'insuline. En outre, ils pourraient agir par mimetisme moleculaire entre certains antigenes viraux et des auto-antigenes de la cellule β-pancreatique et declencher ainsi une maladie auto-immune.
Studies on inhibition of adenosine deaminase by isocoformycin in vitro and in vivo. (1979)

Isocoformycin is a structural isomer of coformycin which has been demonstrated to be a potent inhibitor of adenosine deaminase. Isocoformycin showed a weaker inhibition of this enzyme than coformycin; the binding of coformycin to enzyme was irreversible, but isocoformycin inhibition was competitive with substrate. The Ki value of isocoformycin was 4.5 approximately 10 X 10(-8) M. Following intraperitoneal injection of isocoformycin in mice, the adenosine deaminase activity of homogenates of several organs was determined and the following ED50 values (50% inhibition doses) were observed: 29 mg/kg for thymus, 13 mg/kg for spleen, 80 mg/kg for liver and 20 mg/kg for kidney. The inhibition of adenosine deaminase in rabbit blood in vitro was also tested in comparison with coformycin.
Experience with on-line partial discharge analysis as a tool for predictive maintenance for medium voltage (MV) switchgear systems (2003)

Partial discharge (PD) online monitoring of MV switchgear was implemented in several large industrial plants beginning in 1998. A switchgear manufacturer completed offline testing and calibration to determine the type and location of sensors for measuring the effective sensitivity of partial discharge activity. This paper also presents actual pending failures, which were identified and prevented by online PD monitoring. The pending failures include bus corona damage, CT corona damage and failing insulation due to surface tracking. An update of new continuous online partial discharge monitors for MV switchgear is also included.
Surface Modification of Electroactive Polymer Films by Ozone Treatment (1996)

Surface modification of polypyrrole (PPY), polyaniline (PAN) and poly(3-alkylthiophene) films by ozone was studied by angle-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In the case of the N-containing polymers, oxidation occurs readily and mainly at the carbon atoms, resulting in the formation of CνO, CξO, COOH and even OνCOOH (especially for PAN) species. The carbon atoms of doped PPY and PAN films are significantly more resistant to ozone oxidation, but the samples suffer some loss of the dopant in the surface region. Ozone treatment does not involve the direct oxidation of the nitrogen heteroatoms to form theνNOx species, even at high extent of carbon oxidation. In addition, a substantial decrease in the intrinsic oxidation state ([ξNν]/[νNHν] ratio) was observed in the 25% deprotonated PPY (DP-PPY) base, the 50% intrinsically oxidized emeraldine (EM) base and the 75% intrinsically oxidized nigraniline (NA) base after ozone treatment and subsequent atmospheric exposure. In the case of the S-containing polymers, ozone treatment results predominantly in the oxidation of sulphur heteroatoms to give rise to the sulphone and peroxide species. The oxidized sulphur species, however, are readily reduced or consumed in a photochemical reaction.
Compiling for the multiscalar architecture (1998)

High-performance, general-purpose microprocessors serve as compute engines for computers ranging from personal computers to supercomputers. Sequential programs constitute a major portion of real-world software that run on the computers. State-of-the-art microprocessors exploit instruction level parallelism (ILP) to achieve high performance on such applications by searching for independent instructions in a dynamic window of instructions and executing them on a wide-issue pipeline. Increasing the window size and the issue width to extract more ILP may hinder achieving high clock speeds, limiting overall performance. The Multiscalar architecture employs multiple small windows and many narrow-issue processing units to exploit ILP at high clock speeds. Sequential programs are partitioned into code fragments called tasks, which are speculatively executed in parallel. Inter-task register dependences are honored via communication and synchronization and inter-task control flow and memory depe...
Electronic retinal prosthesis for severe loss of vision in geographic atrophy in age-related macular degeneration: First-in-human use (2021)

Epiretinal prostheses can successfully be implanted in those affected by GA secondary to late-stage AMD and can elicit visual percepts by electrical stimulation of residual neuroretinal elements and improve basic visual function in those affected.