gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Implications of seed irradiation with γ-rays on the growth parameters and grain yield of faba bean (2021)

Faba bean productivity is highly influenced by N-inputs; yet, mineral N-fertilizers might undergo rapid leaching in light textured soils. On the other hand, these mineral fertilizers are more preferable than organic N-sources to raise protein content in bean seeds. Thus, the current study investigates to what extent organic fertilizers can partially substitute chemical N-inputs to satisfy plant needs for nutrients. Also, irradiating seeds is another approach to increase plant productivity by inducing further nutrient carriers to raise the effectiveness of the applied N-fertilizers. These two approaches were used in combination, in this study, to increase bean productivity grown on a poor fertile light textured soil (90.5% sand). To fulfill this aim, a field experiment was carried out during the winter season of 2017/2018 following a split plot design where the different N-sources (organic vs inorganic and mixtures of these two N- sources, all applied at the recommended dose i.e. 48 kg N ha-1) were plotted in the main plots while γ-irradiated seed treatments were plotted in the subplots. Irradiating bean seeds with gamma rays at a rate of 20 Gy (the least dose) increased significantly NPK uptake by beans and also enhanced plant growth. This consequently raised significantly the grain yield; however, increasing the dose of seed irradiation (>20 Gy) lessened significantly plant growth parameters and seed yield. The combined N-treatments also raised considerably NPK uptake by bean and recording the highest significant increases in plant growth parameters and grain yield. Moreover, mixed treatments recorded comparable protein contents in bean grains vs plants received 100% ammonium sulphate. Combination between seed irradiation and mixed N-sources were of positive effect on plant growth parameters and grain yield at only 20 Gy, while these parameters decreased considerably thereafter. In conclusion, seed irradiation may be a useful technique to increase legume plant growth; however, slight increases in the used dose may negatively affect the total quantity of the grain yield. The aforementioned results highlight the importance of amending light textured soils with the mixed (organic+mineral) N-sources to increase the productivity of faba bean grown on a such soil.
A Data-driven Approach for Garment Color Classification in On-line Fashion Images (2019)

Many different fashion related computer vision applications have been developed over the past few years. However, as an important attribute of fashion garments, color in fashion is rarely studied subject, and a color name matching algorithm is highly desired by the online fashion community that maps a garment color from an image to a verbal description. As a continuation of our previous nearest-neighbor-based fashion color matching method, in this paper, we propose a psychophysical experiment to collect fashion color naming data and a new data-driven classification model using random forest for color name classification. Our reversed color naming experiment uses a simple and straightforward procedure to extract users&#x2019; color naming schema. The random-forest classifier utilizes a set of linear and non-linear features in CIELab color space. It achieves more than 80% accuracy, and shows great improvement over our nearest-neighbor-based model. Furthermore, this data-driven approach also has the ability of actively and dynamically learn and improve the algorithm; and it is also able to learn new users&#x2019; color vocabularies.
Defective Function of the Proteasome in Autoimmunity: Involvement of Impaired NF-κB Activation (2000)

Type 1 diabetes (also known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or juvenile-onset diabetes) is usually caused by T cell-mediated autoimmunity, with a prediabetic state characterized by the production of autoantibodies specific for proteins expressed by pancreatic beta cells. The nonobese patient with diabetes (NOD) mouse is a spontaneous model of type 1 diabetes with a strong genetic component that maps to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region of the genome. A specific proteasome defect has been identified in NOD mouse in select lymphocytic and monocytic lineages that results from down-regulation of expression of the proteasome subunit LMP2, which is encoded by a gene in the MHC genomic region. This defect prevents the proteolytic processing required for the production and activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), which plays important roles in immune and inflammatory responses, as well as increases the susceptibility of the affected cells to apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). The novel role of the proteasome in dysfunction in autoimmunity is presented and documented to be both tissue and developmental stage specific. We propose a role of the proteasome as a step in disease pathogenesis and tissue targeting.
ARMA Spectral Estimation via Model Reduction (1986)

In this paper we study how to estimate autoregressive moving average (ARMA) processes via a high order autoregressive (AR) estimate and model reduction. The model reduction techniques considered are based on the L <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> -norm. internally balanced realizations, or the Hankelnorm. We apply this estimation technique to the problem of finding narrow-band signals in white noise.
Visible 2-dimentional photonic crystal laser (2007)

Visible 2-dimentional photonic crystal lasers were fabricated within membranes of InGaP/InGaAlP quantum well material emitting around 670nm. These red photonic crystal lasers with ultra-small mode volumes (~ 0.01 μm3) are ideally useful for spectroscopic sources.
Supplementary Figures 1 - 9 from Targeting Fibroblast Activation Protein in Tumor Stroma with Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells Can Inhibit Tumor Growth and Augment Host Immunity without Severe Toxicity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 1196K, Supplementary Figure 1. Phenotypic analysis of FAP+ stromal cells in untreated TC1 flank tumors in C57BL/6 mice. Supplementary Figure 2. Depletion of FAP+ cells. Supplementary Figure 3. Persistence and antitumor activities of FAP-CAR T cells employing either human 4-1BB (73.3-hBBz) or mouse CD28 (73.3-m28z) co-stimulatory domain in mice and their in vitro activity. Supplementary Figure 4. Deletion of DGKzeta enhanced effector functions and in vivo persistence of FAP-CAR T cells. Supplementary Figure 5. Body weight of FAP-CAR T cells-treated mice remained constant or increased. Supplementary Figure 6. Histology of bone marrows and pancreas following treatment with FAP-CAR T cells. Supplementary Figure 7. Activation-induced cell death of FAP-CAR T cells. Supplementary Figure 8. Differential FAP expression on tumor and pancreatic FAP+ stromal cells. Supplementary Figure 9. mAb 73.3 and mAb FAP5 are specific for distinct epitopes of murine FAP expressed by fibroblasts.&lt;/p&gt;
{101¯2} twinning mechanism during in situ micro-tensile loading of pure Mg: Role of basal slip and twin-twin interactions (2020)

An SEM in situ uniaxial tensile testing setup allowing HR-EBSD acquisition during deformation was used to study the extension twinning mechanism in magnesium (Mg) at the micron scale. Structures were fabricated with two different crystal orientations, respectively perfectly aligned with, and at 5° to, the [0001] axis. Limited {101¯2} twin formation was identified in the former case, while twinning was found to largely accommodate the plastic deformation in the latter case. These two different mechanisms are explained by the activation of basal slip when loading at 5° to the c-axis, which triggers {101¯2} twin nucleation and favors twin growth and propagation. The other orientation shows the activation of pyramidal slip together with only limited {101¯2} twin growth. The critical resolved shear stress for {101¯2} twinning has been determined to be ten times higher than in bulk material. 3D HR-EBSD mapping enabled reconstruction of the three dimensional twin structure after deformation. From this, the interaction between the dislocations located ahead of the incoming twin and a pre-existing twin boundary was investigated, where the GND distribution and the local shear stress were determined. The results show plastic accommodation up to ~11% of strain, revealing higher ductility than usually reported for bulk materials.
Supplementary Figure 13 from Aging of Preleukemic Thymocytes Drives CpG Island Hypermethylation in T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 13&lt;/p&gt;
Gene array of VHL mutation and hypoxia shows novel hypoxia-induced genes and that cyclin D1 is a VHL target gene (2004)

Gene expression analysis was performed on a human renal cancer cell line (786-0) with mutated VHL gene and a transfectant with wild-type VHL to analyse genes regulated by VHL and to compare with the gene programme regulated by hypoxia. There was a highly significant concordance of the global gene response to hypoxia and genes suppressed by VHL. Cyclin D1 was the most highly inducible transcript and 14-3-3 epsilon was downregulated. There were some genes regulated by VHL but not hypoxia in the renal cell line, suggesting a VHL role independent of hypoxia. However in nonrenal cell lines they were hypoxia regulated. These included several new pathways regulated by hypoxia, including RNase 6PL, collagen type 1 alpha 1, integrin alpha 5, ferritin light polypeptide, JM4 protein, transgelin and L1 cell adhesion molecule. These were not found in a recent SAGE analysis of the same cell line. Hypoxia induced downregulation of Cyclin D1 in nonrenal cells via an HIF independent pathway. The selective regulation of Cyclin D1 by hypoxia in renal cells may therefore contribute to the tissue selectivity of VHL mutation.
Supplementary Data from Cyst(e)inase–Rapamycin Combination Induces Ferroptosis in Both <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> Models of Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Data from Cyst(e)inase–Rapamycin Combination Induces Ferroptosis in Both &lt;i&gt;In Vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;In Vivo&lt;/i&gt; Models of Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Cancer
ANGPTL8 requires ANGPTL3 to inhibit lipoprotein lipase and plasma triglyceride clearance (2017)

Angiopoietin-like (ANGPTL)3 and ANGPTL8 are secreted proteins and inhibitors of LPL-mediated plasma triglyceride (TG) clearance. It is unclear how these two ANGPTL proteins interact to regulate LPL activity. ANGPTL3 inhibits LPL activity and increases serum TG independent of ANGPTL8. These effects are reversed with an ANGPTL3 blocking antibody. Here, we show that ANGPTL8, although it possesses a functional inhibitory motif, is inactive by itself and requires ANGPTL3 expression to inhibit LPL and increase plasma TG. Using a mutated form of ANGPTL3 that lacks LPL inhibitory activity, we demonstrate that ANGPTL3 activity is not required for its ability to activate ANGPTL8. Moreover, coexpression of ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL8 leads to a far more efficacious increase in TG in mice than ANGPTL3 alone, suggesting the major inhibitory activity of this complex derives from ANGPTL8. An antibody to the C terminus of ANGPTL8 reversed LPL inhibition by ANGPTL8 in the presence of ANGPTL3. The antibody did not disrupt the ANGPTL8:ANGPTL3 complex, but came in close proximity to the LPL inhibitory motif in the N terminus of ANGPTL8. Collectively, these data show that ANGPTL8 has a functional LPL inhibitory motif, but only inhibits LPL and increases plasma TG levels in mice in the presence of ANGPTL3.
Formation of organometallic polymer nanorods using a nanoporous alumina template and the conversion to magnetic ceramic nanorods (2002)

Polyferrocenylsilane nanorods were prepared using a porous anodic aluminium oxide template followed by chemical etching; pyrolysis was used to obtain magnetic iron oxide-containing ceramic nanorods.
Intraindividual comparison of [11C]acetate and [11C]choline PET for detection of metastases of prostate cancer (2003)

In this preliminary study, uptake of both radiotracers in prostate cancer or its metastases was nearly identical and none of them should be favoured. At present, both radiotracers influence patient management by detection of local recurrence, lymph node, or bone metastases of PCA.
NOVEL PROPARGYLAMINE-LINKED NUCLEOSIDES FOR HIGH THROUGHPUT SNP GENOTYPING BY MALDI-TOF MS (2001)

The synthesis of positively charged and mass tagged nucleosides containing a quaternary ammonium functionality within the penultimate position of a primer is described. Neutralization of the sugar/thiophosphate backbone by alkylation increases the detection sensitivity in the mass spectrometric analysis by a factor of at least 100. The variable introduction of these novel compounds within the extension primers enables flexible design of multiplex genotyping reactions.
Chapter 7. NMR Methods for Studying Microscopic Diffusion Anisotropy (2016)

The structure of a porous material is imprinted on the pattern of translational diffusion of the liquids located in the pore space. Non-invasive NMR/MRI measurements of self-diffusion are thus an attractive means of studying the microscopic structure of non-transparent and sensitive materials such as the living human brain, e.g. to detect pathological conditions or to study normal brain development. Conventional methods give information that is averaged over the entire investigated sample or volume element and fails to distinguish between properties such as pore size, shape, and orientation in case the material is heterogeneous. This chapter reviews recent progress in the field of advanced diffusion NMR/MRI methods to disentangle the confounding effects of the various pore space parameters, thereby enabling detailed characterization of anisotropic materials with complex architecture.
Photodynamic Inactivation of Microbial Pathogens (2011)

The photodynamic inactivation of microbial pathogens represents a very flexible technology which has a broad scope and potential for tackling a range of problems connected with the microbiological contamination of waters of different origin and physical or chemical characteristics. In this way it is possible to achieve a thorough control of the population of a variety of harmful bacteria, fungi and parasites by using a single protocol, which can be properly modulated, in fish-farming tanks, natural ponds, industrial wastewater, potable water basins. Moreover, the technique can be useful as a tool for the preservation of biodiversity through the protection of endangered species. The process can be considered as based on a natural chemical agent, the porphyrin, and a natural physical agent (sunlight or a solar simulator). Therefore, the impact of the technology on the environment is likely to be very low, especially since the dosages of the porphyrin are generally small and no significant accumulation in the application sites or their surroundings is expected.
Towards sub-nyquist cognitive radar (2016)

Cognitive radar (CR) has recently been considered as a natural next step for traditional radar. The cognitive property assumes both transmitter and receiver to be able to dynamically adapt to environment changes. In this work, we propose to exploit sub-Nyquist sampling methods that have been originally proposed to reduce the sampling rate bottleneck at the receiver. For CR, we extend this approach by only transmitting the spectral bands that are to be sampled and processed on the receiver side. By considering transmitted and received pulses with dynamic support composed of several narrow bands, we pave the way to sub-Nyquist CR. Both software and hardware simulations demonstrate dynamic transmitted signal support, still allowing for delay-Doppler recovery.
The Costly Path from Percolation to Full Connectivity (2004)

Requiring all nodes of a wireless multihop network to be connected is expensive and results in a poor scalability of properties such as transport capacity. We show however that it is no longer the case if we only slightly loosen the connectivity requirement, by just imposing that most nodes be connected to each other (so that the network ``percolates``). This feature is found in models neglecting interferences, taking interferences as noise or taking a more information theoretic approach.
Cationic Imido Alkylidene Complexes of Molybdenum Supported by β-Diketonate and β-Diketiminate Ligands (2006)

Reaction of Mo(NAr)(CHCMe2Ph)(OTf)2(DME) (Ar = 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3) with the lithium salt of various β-diketonates and β-diketiminates leads to complexes of the type Mo(NAr)(CHCMe2Ph)(L)(OTf) (L = β-diketonate or β-diketiminate). Treatment of these compounds with NaB[3,5-(CF3)2C6H3]4 in dichloromethane affords rare examples of cationic imido alkylidene complexes. The solid-state structures of two of these compounds, {Mo(NAr)(CHCMe2Ph)(TMHD)(THF)}{B[3,5-(CF3)2C6H3]4} and {Mo(NAr)(CHCMe2Ph)(ArCl-Nacnac)}{B[3,5-(CF3)2C6H3]4} (TMHD = tetramethylheptanedionato, ArCl-Nacnac = [2,6-Cl2C6H3NC(Me)]2CH), have been determined by X-ray diffraction, and their reactivity with ethylene and other simple olefins has been explored.
A high-throughput approach to identify genomic variants of bacterial metabolite producers at the single-cell level (2012)

We present a novel method for visualizing intracellular metabolite concentrations within single cells of Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium glutamicum that expedites the screening process of producers. It is based on transcription factors and we used it to isolate new L-lysine producing mutants of C. glutamicum from a large library of mutagenized cells using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). This high-throughput method fills the gap between existing high-throughput methods for mutant generation and genome analysis. The technology has diverse applications in the analysis of producer populations and screening of mutant libraries that carry mutations in plasmids or genomes.
Small molecule inhibitors of RAS-effector protein interactions derived using an intracellular antibody fragment (2018)

Targeting specific protein-protein interactions (PPIs) is an attractive concept for drug development, but hard to implement since intracellular antibodies do not penetrate cells and most small-molecule drugs are considered unsuitable for PPI inhibition. A potential solution to these problems is to select intracellular antibody fragments to block PPIs, use these antibody fragments for target validation in disease models and finally derive small molecules overlapping the antibody-binding site. Here, we explore this strategy using an anti-mutant RAS antibody fragment as a competitor in a small-molecule library screen for identifying RAS-binding compounds. The initial hits are optimized by structure-based design, resulting in potent RAS-binding compounds that interact with RAS inside the cells, prevent RAS-effector interactions and inhibit endogenous RAS-dependent signalling. Our results may aid RAS-dependent cancer drug development and demonstrate a general concept for developing small compounds to replace intracellular antibody fragments, enabling rational drug development to target validated PPIs.
Design of traffic grooming optical virtual private networks obeying physical limitations (2005)

Physical impairments in both metropolitan optical networks (MON) and long haul optical networks (LHON) often influence the signal quality, therefore a proper routing decision is needed. In this paper we investigate how to design traffic grooming optical virtual private networks (oVPN), over WDM (CWDM or DWDM) networks, while obeying the properties of the physical layer. Although we obtain these limiting properties using simulations, actual measurements can be used as well. Optimization was achieved by integer linear programming (ILP) (T. Cinkler, February 2001), where the physical limitations are represented using a set of new variables and constraints. Since the problem is NP hard, we decompose it using heuristics into multiple, less complex, sub-problems. The proposed method is illustrated in a case study.
System cooling design for the water-cooled IBM Enterprise System/9000 processors (1992)

The high operating speed and corresponding high chip heat fluxes in the IBM Enterprise System/9000™ water-cooled mainframe processors are made possible by improvements in component- and system-level cooling. The heart of the closed-loop water-cooling system is a coolant distribution frame (CDF) common to all water-cooled processors. The CDF provides a controlled water temperature of 21.7°C to the central electronic complex (CEC) at water flow rates up to 245 liters per minute (lpm) and rejects heat loads of up to 63 kW for the largest processor. The water flow provides cooling to multichip thermal conduction modules (TCMs), to power supplies, and to air-to-water heat exchangers that provide preconditioned air to channel and memory cards. As many as 121 chips are mounted on a TCM glass-ceramic substrate, with chip powers reaching 27 W or a heat flux of 64 W/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . A separate cold plate was developed to cool these modules. The power supplies with high heat densities are primarily cooled by water which flows through a unique separable cold plate designed for ease of serviceability of the power supply. Although water cooling is utilized for components with high heat fluxes, air cooling is employed for elements of the system with lower power densities. For cards cooled by forced air, careful trade-off studies among acoustical power, chip reliability, and high availability were required. The acoustic noise emissions of all the fans and blowers were determined, and a system model was constructed to measure the noise radiated from each frame in the system. The data were used to design top covers and other components to ensure that the system could meet its thermal/acoustical requirements. A closed-loop frame in which all the heat was rejected to water was developed to meet these requirements.
Aegis against Stroke and Dementia by Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor Blockers: New Beneficial Aspects (2008)

Aegis against Stroke and Dementia by Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor Blockers: New Beneficial Aspects
Esterification‐coupled extraction of organic acids: Partition enhancement and underlying reaction and distribution equilibria (1989)

A novel means of extracting carboxylic acids from aqueous solutions is described which involves the use of a lipolytic enzyme to convert the acid to a more hydrophobic ester. A water-immiscible long-chain alcohol serves both as a reactant in esterifying the acid, and as a solvent for extraction of the ester. Radiochemical tracer studies of the underlying reaction and extraction equilibria established that a low equilibrium concentration of ester (0.04-0.5mM) in the presence of water is counterbalanced by the high distribution coefficient of the ester (220-3380, wt. basis). The net result is a substantial (4- to 15-fold) increase in the apparent distribution coefficient of the acid; 80%-95% of the extracted acid is in the esterified form. The method is applicable to a variety of alcohols and acids.