gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Titanium nitride nanoparticles for therapeutic applications (2014)

Titanium nitride nanoparticles exhibit plasmonic resonances in the biological transparency window where high absorption efficiencies can be obtained with small dimensions. Both lithographic and colloidal samples are examined from the perspective of nanoparticle thermal therapy.
Continuous Flow Synthesis and Purification of Aryldiazomethanes through Hydrazone Fragmentation (2016)

Electron-rich diazo compounds, such as aryldiazomethanes, are powerful reagents for the synthesis of complex structures, but the risks associated with their toxicity and instability often limit their use. Flow chemistry techniques make these issues avoidable, as the hazardous intermediate can be used as it is produced, avoiding accumulation and handling. Unfortunately, the produced stream is often contaminated with other reagents and by-products, making it incompatible with many applications, especially in catalysis. Herein is reported a metal-free continuous flow method for the production of aryldiazomethane solutions in a non-coordinating solvent from easily prepared, bench-stable sulfonylhydrazones. All by-products are removed by an in-line aqueous wash, leaving a clean, base-free diazo stream. Three successful sensitive metal-catalyzed transformations demonstrated the value of the method.
Successful ICU Care of a 14-Year-Old With Total Artificial Circulation Using Two Ventricular Assist Devices for 118 Days (2012)

Within the first year following orthotopic heart transplantation, the patient is at risk of graft failure, rejection, and infection. Late mortality is often due to allograph vasculopathy. Most of the patients with primary graft failure will usually recover with temporary mechanical ventricular assist support; however, on occasion the patient must be retransplanted. For the patient who suffers primary graft failure necessitating explanation and bridging until a new suitable graft is found, there are several total artificial heart options. However, in the pediatric population these options are limited. The authors’ surgical colleagues were able to fashion a paracorporeal total artificial heart constructed with 2 ventricular assist devices. In this case report, the authors discuss a pediatric patient who had to be explanted and supported for an extended amount of time. This article describes the incidence of cardiomyopathy in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis patients, the choice of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation/extracorporeal complete life support versus ventricular assist devices for support, the major causes of primary graft failure, and the authors’ experience in caring for an adolescent with such a device for a protracted length of time (118 days).
Small contribution of gold mines to the ongoing tuberculosis epidemic in South Africa: a modeling-based study (2018)

Gold mine workers are estimated to contribute a disproportionately large number of Mtb infections in South Africa on a per-capita basis. However, mine workers contribute only a small fraction of overall Mtb infections in South Africa. Our results suggest that curtailing transmission in mines may have limited impact at the country level, despite potentially significant impact at the mining level.
Small-Molecule–Mediated Stabilization of PP2A Modulates the Homologous Recombination Pathway and Potentiates DNA Damage-Induced Cell Death (2023)

High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the most common and lethal ovarian cancer subtype. PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have become the mainstay of HGSC-targeted therapy, given that these tumors are driven by a high degree of genomic instability (GI) and homologous recombination (HR) defects. Nonetheless, approximately 30% of patients initially respond to treatment, ultimately relapsing with resistant disease. Thus, despite recent advances in drug development and an increased understanding of genetic alterations driving HGSC progression, mortality has not declined, highlighting the need for novel therapies. Using a small-molecule activator of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A; SMAP-061), we investigated the mechanism by which PP2A stabilization induces apoptosis in patient-derived HGSC cells and xenograft (PDX) models alone or in combination with PARPi. We uncovered that PP2A genes essential for cellular transformation (B56α, B56γ, and PR72) and basal phosphatase activity (PP2A-A and -C) are heterozygously lost in the majority of HGSC. Moreover, loss of these PP2A genes correlates with worse overall patient survival. We show that SMAP-061-induced stabilization of PP2A inhibits the HR output by targeting RAD51, leading to chronic accumulation of DNA damage and ultimately apoptosis. Furthermore, combination of SMAP-061 and PARPi leads to enhanced apoptosis in both HR-proficient and HR-deficient HGSC cells and PDX models. Our studies identify PP2A as a novel regulator of HR and indicate PP2A modulators as a therapeutic therapy for HGSC. In summary, our findings further emphasize the potential of PP2A modulators to overcome PARPi insensitivity, given that targeting RAD51 presents benefits in overcoming PARPi resistance driven by BRCA1/2 mutation reversions.
Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in First and Second-Generation Indians: The Singapore Indian Eye Study (2018)

Population-based data investigating generational differences in the risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk determinants are rare. We examined the 6-year incidence of CVD and its risk factors in first- and second-generation ethnic Indians living in Singapore. 1749 participants (mean age [SD]: 55.5 [8.8] years; 47.5% male) from a population-based, longitudinal study of Indian adults were included for incident CVD outcome. Incident CVD was defined as self-reported myocardial infarction, angina pectoris or stroke which developed between baseline and follow-up. CVD-related risk factors included incident diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD). For incident CVD outcome, of the 1749 participants, 406 (23.2%) and 1343 (76.8%) were first and second-generation Indians, respectively. Of these, 73 (4.1%) reported incident CVD. In multivariable models, second-generation individuals had increased risk of developing CVD (RR = 2.04; 95% CI 1.04, 3.99; p = 0.038), hyperlipidemia (RR = 1.27; 95% CI 1.06, 1.53; p = 0.011), and CKD (RR = 1.92; 95% CI 1.22, 3.04; p = 0.005), compared to first-generation Indians. Second-generation Indians have increased risk of developing CVD and its associated risk factors such as hyperlipidemia and CKD compared to first-generation immigrants, independent of traditional CVD risk factors. More stratified and tailored CVD prevention strategies on second and subsequent generations of Indian immigrants in Singapore are warranted.
Human leucocyte antigens B*08, DRB1*03 and DRB1*13 are significantly associated with autoimmune liver and biliary diseases in Finnish children (2016)

Abstract Aim The human leucocyte antigen (HLA) allele and haplotype frequencies of the Finnish population are unique because of the restricted and homogenous gene population. There are no published data on HLA genotype associations in paediatric autoimmune liver diseases in Scandinavia. This study characterised the HLA genotypes of children with autoimmune liver or biliary disease in Finland. Methods The study cohort comprised 19 paediatric patients (13 female) aged three years to 15 years treated for autoimmune liver or biliary disease at the Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, between 2000 and 2011, and followed up for four years and three months to 14.6 years. We genotyped HLA‐B and HLA‐DRB1 in the children, and the HLA antigen frequencies were compared with 19 807 records from the Finnish Bone Marrow Donor Registry. Results All paediatric patients with autoimmune liver or biliary disease had either autoimmune HLA haplotype B*08;DRB1*03 or DRB1*13 . These were significantly more common among patients with autoimmune hepatitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis and autoimmune hepatitis/primary sclerosing cholangitis overlap syndrome than the Finnish control population. HLA RB1*04 was not found in the study cohort. Conclusion Our study found that B*08 , DRB1*03 and DRB1*13 were significantly associated with autoimmune liver and biliary diseases in Finnish paediatric patients.
Distributed Authentication of Program Integrity Verification in Wireless Sensor Networks (2006)

Security in wireless sensor networks has become important as sensor networks are being used for an increasing number of applications. The severe resource constraints in each sensor make it very challenging to secure sensor networks. Moreover, sensors are usually deployed in hostile and unattended environments, and hence, are susceptible to various attacks, including node capture, physical tampering, and manipulation of the sensor program. The authors of T. Park and K.G. Shin, (2005) proposed a soft tamper-proofing scheme that verifies the integrity of the program in each sensor device, called the program integrity verification (PIV). This paper addresses how to authenticate PIV servers (PIVSes) in a fully-distributed manner. Our distributed authentication protocol of PIVSes (DAPP) uses the Blundo scheme (C. Blundo et al., 1992) and allows sensors to authenticate PIVSes without requiring commonly-used trusted third parties, such as authentication servers (ASes), in the network. We implement and evaluate both the DAPP and the PIV on Mica2 Motes and laptops. We also analyze the security of DAPP under different attack models, demonstrating its capability to deal with various types of attacks
Entwurf, Synthese und Eigenschaften von Molekülaggregaten mit ausgeprägten nichtlinearen optischen Eigenschaften zweiter Ordnung (1995)

Abstract Der Entwurf, die Synthese, die Charakterisierung und das Erarbeiten von grundlegendem Verständnis neuartiger molekularer und makromolekularer Systeme mit ausgeprägten, makroskopisch zu beobachtenden nichtlinearen optischen Eigenschaften ist ein intensiv bearbeitetes Forschungsgebiet im Grenzbereich zwischen moderner Chemie, Physik und Materialwissenschaften. Die Herausforderungen, die diese Arbeiten über photonische Materialien kennzeichnen, sind typisch für einen wichtigen Ansatz der gegenwärtigen chemischen Forschung: Durch rationalen Aufbau supramolekularer Anordnungen mit vorherbestimmten kollektiven Eigenschaften, die durch „eingebaute”︁ intermolekulare Wechselwirkungen und bestimmte räumliche Beziehungen erzielt werden, will man zu neuartigen Materialien mit definierten Funktionen gelangen. Diese Übersicht geht auf eine Reihe von Ansätzen zur Herstellung von Materialien mit nichtlinearen optischen Eigenschaften zweiter Ordnung sowie auf deren Mikrostruktur und optische Eigenschaften ein. Diese Materialien enthalten nicht punktsymmetrisch angeordnete Chromophore mit großer molekularer Hyperpolarisierbarkeit und können die Frequenz einfallenden Lichtes in effektiver Weise verdoppeln oder andere nichtlineare optische Eigenschaften zweiter Ordnung zeigen. So liefern sie einen Beitrag zu dem Wissen, das für die Entwicklung neuartiger Techniken mit photonischen Elementen nötig ist. Wir beschreiben Gast‐Wirt‐Anordnungen aus Chromophoren und Makromolekülen, glasartige Makromoleküle mit eingebauten Chromophoren, thermisch vernetzte Anordnungen aus Makromolekülen und Chromophoren und intrinsisch azentrische, durch Selbstorganisation gebildete, Chromophore enthaltende Supergitter.
Resist fundamentals for resolution, LER, and sensitivity (RLS) performance tradeoffs and their relation to micro-bridging defects (2009)

High NA immersion and EUV lithography processes are challenged to meet stringent control requirements for the 22 nm node and beyond. Lithography processes must balance resolution, LWR and sensitivity (RLS) performance tradeoffs while scaling resist thickness to 100 nm and below. Hardware modules including coat, bake and development seek to enable resist processes to balance RLS limitations. The focus of this paper is to study the fundamentals of the RLS performance tradeoffs through a combination of calibrated resist simulations and experiments. This work seeks to extend the RLS learning through the creation of calibrated resist models that capture the exposure kinetics, acid diffusion properties, deprotection kinetics and dissolution response as a function of PAG loading in a 193 nm polymer system. The calibrated resist models are used to quantify the resolution and sensitivity performance tradeoffs as well as the degradation of resist contrast relative to image contrast at small dimensions. Calibrated resist simulations are capable of quantifying resolution and sensitivity tradeoffs, but lack the ability to model LWR. LWR is challenging to simulate (lattice models) and to measure; due to the dependence on spectral frequency. This paper seeks to use micro-bridging experiments as means to better understand the statistical nature of LWR. Microbridging analysis produces a statistical distribution of "discrete bridging events" that encompasses practical variations across scanner, track and resist. Micro-bridging and LWR experiments are done using a 1.2 NA immersion system on 45 nm space structures (90 nm pitch) as a means to demonstrate the concept, but the methodology can also be used to study EUVL processes as the technology matures. The understanding of the RLS performance tradeoffs enables TEL to develop future hardware and processes that support industry scaling goals.
Hematologic and Cytogenetic Responses in Imatinib-Resistant Accelerated and Blast Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) Patients Treated with the Dual SRC/ABL Kinase Inhibitor BMS-354825: Results from a Phase I Dose Escalation Study. (2004)

Abstract BMS-354825 is a novel, orally available, dual SRC/ABL kinase inhibitor with 100-fold greater potency to inhibit BCR-ABL in vitro than imatinib and has in vitro and in vivo preclinical activity against 14 of 15 imatinib resistant BCR-ABL mutants (Shah et al, Science, 305:399, 2004). Here we report the phase I clinical results of BMS-354825 in Philadelphia chromosome positive accelerated phase (AP) and blast phase (BP) CML patients who had hematologic progression or intolerance while being treated with imatinib. As of Aug 6, 2004, 17 patients (6 with AP; 11 with BP) have been treated in 3 cohorts with doses ranging from 35 mg BID (1 patient) to 70 mg BID of BMS-354825. BMS-354825 is rapidly absorbed with peak concentrations achieved within 2 hours and a terminal phase half-life of about 5 hours. Consistent, rapid and sustained inhibition of LYN kinase, a member of the SRC family of tyrosine kinases, has been demonstrated. Of the 11 BP patients, 7 have had hematologic response: 3 complete hematologic response (CHR), 2 ‘no evidence of leukemia’ (NEL), and 2 ‘return to chronic phase’ (RTC). Three additional patients have had significant hematologic improvement despite being on treatment only a short period of time (10–23 days). One patient with extramedullary disease was stable. Cytogenetic data is available for 8 of the 11 BP patients. Four patients had major cytogenetic response, 2 patients had a minor cytogenetic response and 2 patients had no response. BCR-ABL mutation data is available for 2 patients: one patient did not have a mutation and one patient who had a non-sustained CHR was found to have a E355G mutation. Three of 6 AP patients have had hematologic response: 2 CHRs and 1 NEL. Two patients are too early to assess. One patient demonstrated resistance to BMS-354825 due to a T315I mutation in BCR-ABL found in 8 of 10 clones. This mutation confers resistance to BMS-354825 in preclinical studies. BCR-ABL mutation status is available for 3 additional AP patients: 2 patients had no mutations identified and 1 patient in CHR had M351T/A imatinib-resistant mutations. Of 3 patients for whom early cytogenetic data is available, 1 had a minor cytogenetic response (40% Ph+). To date BMS-354825 has been very well tolerated. Two patients in blast phase had evidence of mild tumor lysis syndrome. Dose escalation is continuing and phase II studies in chronic, accelerated and blast phase CML are currently being initiated. Further studies are required to establish LYN’s potential role in imatinib-resistant CML. The clinical data demonstrate that BMS-354825 can frequently override imatinib resistance in advanced CML, and provide compelling evidence supporting the safety and efficacy of BMS-354825 in imatinib-resistant accelerated and blast phase CML.
Scalable DFA Compilation for High-Performance Regular-Expression Matching (2016)

Regular-expression accelerators often rely on sophisticated compilers to fully exploit the available hardware capabilities for achieving wire-speed scan rates of multiple tens of gigabits per second. This paper presents a method for the efficient compilation of pattern-matching functions specified by deterministic finite automata (DFAs) into executable structures targeted at accelerators based on B-FSM programmable state machines. The compilation scheme presented is able to effectively exploit an adaptive compression mechanism to obtain one of the most compact state-transition-table structures in the industry, in combination with fast compilation times. The heuristic-based approach scales to very large DFAs having tens of millions of transitions, while achieving an approximately linear growth of the storage needs as a function of the DFA size.
Analysis of certain challenges for the use of Wave Field Synthesis in concert-based applications (2004)

cote interne IRCAM: Caulkins04b
Nanotube and nanowire transistors (2005)

In this paper we report the use of in-situ grown single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) from pre-patterned catalyst islands to construct nanotube electronics. The SWCNTs were grown via thermal chemical vapour deposition (CVD) on catalysts islands which were prepared by sputtering, initially, alignment marks are patterned simultaneously with the catalysts islands to enable accurate overlay of contact patterns during the top down fabrication approach for SWCNT devices. The gate transfer characteristics of p-channel SWCNTs are presented. The use of pre-patterned catalyst islands allows control of the SWCNT location required for integrated circuits. Characteristics of ZnO nanowire transistors are also introduced. Very high mobilities are measured in n-channel devices in which the gate is defined in a self aligned manner to have a nanoscale air-gap insulator. The characteristics of the ZnO transistor are comparable to those of achieved from SWCNTs. This raises the possibility of using SWCNTs for p-channel and ZnO nanowires for n-channel in complimentary switching devices.
Genetic and Phenotypic Landscape of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy (2021)

This study provides the first extensive genetic and phenotypic landscape of PPCM and demonstrates that predisposition to heart failure is an important risk factor for PPCM. The work reveals a degree of genetic similarity between PPCM and dilated cardiomyopathy, suggesting that gene-specific therapeutic approaches being developed for dilated cardiomyopathy may also apply to PPCM, and that approaches to genetic testing in PPCM should mirror those taken in dilated cardiomyopathy. Last, the clarification of genotype/phenotype associations has important implications for genetic counseling.
Leveraging model-based study designs and serial micro-sampling techniques to understand the oral pharmacokinetics of the potent LTB4 inhibitor, CP-105696, for mouse pharmacology studies (2016)

1. Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) is a proinflammatory mediator important in the progression of a number of inflammatory diseases. Preclinical models can explore the role of LTB4 in pathophysiology using tool compounds, such as CP-105696, that modulate its activity. To support preclinical pharmacology studies, micro-sampling techniques and mathematical modeling were used to determine the pharmacokinetics of CP-105696 in mice within the context of systemic inflammation induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). 2. Following oral administration of doses > 35 mg/kg, CP-105696 kinetics can be described by a one-compartment model with first order absorption. The compound's half-life is 44-62 h with an apparent volume of distribution of 0.51-0.72 L/kg. Exposures in animals fed an HFD are within 2-fold of those fed a normal chow diet. Daily dosing at 100 mg/kg was not tolerated and resulted in a >20% weight loss in the mice. 3. CP-105696's long half-life has the potential to support a twice weekly dosing schedule. Given that most chronic inflammatory diseases will require long-term therapies, these results are useful in determining the optimal dosing schedules for preclinical studies using CP-105696.
An OFDMA communication protocol for wireless sensor networks used for leakage detection in underground water infrastructures (2011)

In this paper, an application of wireless sensor networks for leakage detection in underground water pipes is considered. A mobile sensor immersed in the water pipe is assumed to communicate with relay nodes on the ground surface, relaying its measured information to a base station for processing. A communication protocol between the relay nodes and the base station is presented. The proposed protocol is based on probabilistic reservation of transmission slots based on channel knowledge. The proposed protocol can be considered as an OFDMA extension of the reservation Aloha protocol. Simulation results show the superiority of the proposed communication approach.
Long-term culture and cloning of primary human bronchial basal cells that maintain multipotent differentiation capacity and CFTR channel function (2018)

While primary cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-CF human bronchial epithelial basal cells (HBECs) accurately represent in vivo phenotypes, one barrier to their wider use has been a limited ability to clone and expand cells in sufficient numbers to produce rare genotypes using genome-editing tools. Recently, conditional reprogramming of cells (CRC) with a Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor and culture on an irradiated fibroblast feeder layer resulted in extension of the life span of HBECs, but differentiation capacity and CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) function decreased as a function of passage. This report details modifications to the standard HBEC CRC protocol (Mod CRC), including the use of bronchial epithelial cell growth medium, instead of F medium, and 2% O<sub>2</sub>, instead of 21% O<sub>2</sub>, that extend HBEC life span while preserving multipotent differentiation capacity and CFTR function. Critically, Mod CRC conditions support clonal growth of primary HBECs from a single cell, and the resulting clonal HBEC population maintains multipotent differentiation capacity, including CFTR function, permitting gene editing of these cells. As a proof-of-concept, CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing and cloning were used to introduce insertions/deletions in CFTR exon 11. Mod CRC conditions overcome many barriers to the expanded use of HBECs for basic research and drug screens. Importantly, Mod CRC conditions support the creation of isogenic cell lines in which CFTR is mutant or wild-type in the same genetic background with no history of CF to enable determination of the primary defects of mutant CFTR.
Non-equilibrium charge carriers recombination, diffusion peculiarities and bleaching in InGaAs(P) epitaxial layers (1993)

The method of picosecond laser induced grating (LIG) was used for investigation of non- equilibrium charge carriers (NCC) dynamics in the epitaxial layers of InGaAsP and InGaAs. The carriers recombination time (tau) R and diffusion coefficient Da have been determined. The influence of bleaching on the revealed values is discussed.