gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dopamine Is Involved in Food-Anticipatory Activity in Mice (2012)

When food is available during a restricted and predictable time of the day, mammals exhibit food-anticipatory activity (FAA), an increase in locomotor activity preceding the presentation of food. Although many studies have attempted to locate the food-entrainable circadian oscillator in the central nervous system, the pathways that mediate food entrainment are a matter of controversy. The present study was designed to determine the role of dopaminergic and histaminergic systems on FAA. Mice were given access to food for 2 h (ZT12-ZT14), and FAA was defined as the locomotor activity that occurred 2 h before the availability of food. Dopamine D(1) receptor (R), D(2)R, and histamine H(1)R-specific antagonists were used to clarify the role of dopamine and histamine receptors in FAA induced by food restriction (FR). FAA was monitored by infrared locomotor activity sensors. Mice were sacrificed at ZT12 on the 14th day of FR, and monoamine concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD). The results showed that pretreatment with the D(1)R antagonist SCH23390 at 1, 3, or 10 µg/kg significantly reduced FAA by 19% (p < 0.05), 26% (p < 0.05), or 19% (p < 0.01), respectively, and the D(2)R antagonist raclopride at 22, 67, or 200 µg/kg significantly reduced FAA by 16% (p < 0.05), 36% (p < 0.01), or 41% (p < 0.01), respectively, as compared with vehicle control. Moreover, coadministration of SCH23390 (10 µg/kg) and raclopride (200 µg/kg) synergistically inhibited FAA by 57% (p < 0.01) as compared with vehicle control. Consistently, the levels of dopamine and its metabolites in the striatum and midbrain were significantly increased during FAA, even with the pretreatment of D(1)R and D(2)R antagonists. However, pretreatment with pyrilamine at 2.5, 5, or 10 mg/kg did not significantly reduce FAA, although it reduced the locomotor activity during the dark period in ad libitum mice. These results strongly indicate that the dopaminergic system plays an essential role in the FAA in mice.
Self-alignment features for iii-v ridge process and angled facet die (2018)

A method of forming a laser including device is provided that in one embodiment includes providing a laser chip including at least one ridge structure that provides an alignment features. The method further includes bonding a type IV photonics chip to the laser chip, wherein a vertical alignment feature from the type IV photonics chip is inserted in a recess relative to the at least one ridge structure that provides the alignment features of the laser structure.
64‐3: Patterned Glass Diffuser for MiniLED Count Reduction (2022)

We report our progress on a monitor‐sized, dimensionally and thermally stable mini‐LED backlight enabled by a patterned glass diffuser (PGD). Our backlight uses 5,000+ fewer mini‐LEDs per monitor — 4/9 times that in a reference mini‐LED backlight relying on a thicker diffuser plate, while it is thinner and achieves similar uniformity and luminance compared to the reference mini‐LED backlight.
Aspirin- and Clopidogrel-associated Bleeding Complications: Data Mining of the Public Version of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System, AERS (2012)

The data strongly suggest the necessity of well-organized clinical studies with respect to antiplatelet-associated bleeding complications.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Nonstructural Proteins Decrease Levels of Multiple Members of the Cellular Interferon Pathways (2009)

Viruses of the Paramyxoviridae family, such as the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), suppress cellular innate immunity represented by type I interferon (IFN) for optimal growth in their hosts. The two unique nonstructural (NS) proteins, NS1 and NS2, of RSV suppress IFN synthesis, as well as IFN function, but their exact targets are still uncharacterized. Here, we investigate if either or both of the NS proteins affect the steady-state levels of key members of the IFN pathway. We found that both NS1 and NS2 decreased the levels of TRAF3, a strategic integrator of multiple IFN-inducing signals, although NS1 was more efficient. Only NS1 reduced IKKepsilon, a key protein kinase that specifically phosphorylates and activates IFN regulatory factor 3. Loss of the TRAF3 and IKKepsilon proteins appeared to involve a nonproteasomal mechanism. Interestingly, NS2 modestly increased IKKepsilon levels. In the IFN response pathway, NS2 decreased the levels of STAT2, the essential transcription factor for IFN-inducible antiviral genes. Preliminary mapping revealed that the C-terminal 10 residues of NS1 were essential for reducing IKKepsilon levels and the C-terminal 10 residues of NS2 were essential for increasing and reducing IKKepsilon and STAT2, respectively. In contrast, deletion of up to 20 residues of the C termini of NS1 and NS2 did not diminish their TRAF3-reducing activity. Coimmunoprecipitation studies revealed that NS1 and NS2 form a heterodimer. Clearly, the NS proteins of RSV, working individually and together, regulate key signaling molecules of both the IFN activation and response pathways.
Investigation of short wavelength intersubband transitions in InGaAs/AlAs quantum wells on GaAs substrate (1997)

InGaAs/AlAs quantum wells on GaAs substrates were studied for near-infrared intersubband transitions. The relationships between the properties of the intersubband absorption and the structural/growth conditions of the quantum wells were quantitatively investigated by using theoretical calculations based on a k-p perturbation method. The total intersubband absorption magnitude is shown to be closely related to the leakage of free carriers from the Γ minimum of the well to the X minimum of the barrier. This work provides important information for design of devices utilizing short wavelength intersubband transitions.
Vertical metal interconnect thanks to tungsten direct bonding (2010)

Localized metal bonding is one of the main drivers for 3D technology implementation as it allows high vertical interconnection densities between piled up dies. In this paper we will present the direct bonding of tungsten blanket. The copper and tungsten direct bonding will be compared in terms of bonding mechanism and temperature dependence.
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Yield Synthesis of Lipid Systems with Giant Rings. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
P38 MAPK Mediates Myocardial Proinflammatory Cytokine Production and Endotoxin-Induced Contractile Suppression (2004)

Cardiac myocytes are capable of synthesizing tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1, and interleukin-6 (IL-1 and IL-6). p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) has been implicated in oxidant-stress-induced myocardial TNF-alpha production; however, the extent to which this kinase contributes to endotoxin-induced contractile dysfunction, as well as TNF-alpha, IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 production, in a bloodless model of endotoxin-induced myocardial dysfunction is unknown. Isolated rat hearts were perfused (Langendorff), and myocardial contractile function continuously recorded, during direct antegrade endotoxin infusion, with and without prior p38 MAPK inhibition. Ventricular p38 MAPK activation (phospho-p38 MAPK Western), cytokine mRNA (RT-PCR), and protein (ELISA) were determined. Endotoxin resulted in progressive decline in left ventricular developed pressure and coronary flow that was attenuated with prior p38 MAPK inhibition (SB 203580). p38 MAPK inhibition significantly decreased endotoxin-induced cardiac TNF-alpha, IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 mRNA levels. To determine the relative effect of TNF-alpha in inducing IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 production, TNF-alpha was sequestered during endotoxin infusion, and TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 protein levels were measured. Interestingly, TNF-alpha sequestration alone significantly decreased myocardial IL-1beta and IL-6 production. We conclude that p38 MAPK is involved in endotoxin-induced myocardial contractile dysfunction and myocardial TNF-alpha production; however, p38 MAPK's involvement in IL-1 and IL-6 production may be indirectly mediated by TNF-alpha.
Thermomagnetic Effects and Fermi-Surface Topology: Results in Metallic Tin at Low Temperatures (1969)

The adiabatic Nernst-Ettingshausen, thermoelectric, and thermal transverse-even coefficients are measured in magnetic fields to 3.3 T (33 kG) in the (001) rotation plane, and at temperatures between 1.2 and 4.2\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K in metallic tin. The results demonstrate the effects of Fermi-surface topology on the Nernst-Ettingshausen coefficient. By assuming the validity of the Wiedemann-Franz law, the temperature and field dependences of the adiabatic thermomagnetic coefficients are predicted from a theory for the isothermal coefficients. These predictions are compared with experiment. Strong quantum oscillations in the thermoelectric power are discussed and compared with theory.
Denoising and Detecting Discontinuities using Wavelets (2016)

Objective: Noise determination is an important part of any signal processing evaluation .It can influence the output and create faults in the system. Wavelet transforms are used for evaluate noise components in signal and imaging processing. Discrete wavelets are more suitable for denoising. Methods/Analysis: In this work it has been proposed to use DWT having their successive procedures such as signal decomposition, threshold of coefficient and signal reconstruction. Discontinuities are also detected by wavelets. Findings: Synthetic signals have been generated using MATLAB simulation. Attempt has been to reduce the noise in various cases using wavelet analysis. Corresponding results of LPF and HPF have been considered. Novelty/Improvement: Further work can be done by extended the procedure to higher number of filtering operations. Keywords: Denoising, Discontinuities, Discrete Wavelets, High Pass Filter, Lowpass Filter, Wavelet Transforms
HiSIM-IGBT: A Compact Si-IGBT Model for Power Electronic Circuit Design (2012)

A physics-based compact model of insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) for power electronic circuit simulation is presented. The compact model is constructed as a combination of a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) part and a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) part with a conductivity-modulated base resistance in between them and is named “HiSIM-IGBT.” The model considers the potential distribution from the MOSFET channel to the two BJT junctions explicitly by solving important internal node potentials self-consistently. The IGBT output current at the collector terminal is governed by the base resistance of the bipolar part and the MOSFET characteristics, which is confirmed to be described accurately. The model is verified to accurately reproduce measured transient behaviors of switching test circuits which are basic components of practically used power electronic circuits.
Supplementary Methods, Figures and Tables from Engineered Knottin Peptides: A New Class of Agents for Imaging Integrin Expression in Living Subjects (2023)

Supplementary Methods, Figures and Tables from Engineered Knottin Peptides: A New Class of Agents for Imaging Integrin Expression in Living Subjects
Characterization of the perhydroxytitanyl(2+) ion in acidic aqueous solution. Products and kinetics of its decomposition (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCharacterization of the perhydroxytitanyl(2+) ion in acidic aqueous solution. Products and kinetics of its decompositionFrancois P. Rotzinger and Michael GraetzelCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1987, 26, 22, 3704–3708Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00269a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00269a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views288Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Silicon Based Modulators and Systems for Short Reach Interconnect (2012)

We discuss silicon based modulators and systems for short reach interconnect. An infrastructure based on integrating photonic devices with CMOS circuits provides a cost effective and low power solution for these applications.
Metal Inserted Poly-Si (MIPS) and FUSI dual metal (TaN and NiSi) CMOS integration (2007)

We demonstrate for the first time the CMOS integration combining inserted metal with FUSI using a novel process flow. The proposed flow allows for a flexible gate electrode and dielectric choice for island PMOSFETS, without adding excessive process complexity or additional masks. It is considered as a promising alternative for dual metal integration for 45 nm bulk CMOS technology and beyond.
Effect of Cluster Classification of Vibration Data Transformation Model by CGAN in Tactile Display using Ultrasonic Transducer (2022)

Demand for technology to reproduce tactile sensations is increasing in various fields. In order to reproduce tactile sensation, it is necessary to quantify and analyze the tactile sensation of an object and transform it into data suitable for input to a tactile display. We developed a model using Conditional Generative Adversarial Nets (CGAN) to generate an input signal to a tactile display using an ultrasonic transducer, based on data quantified by tactile sensor and human tactile evaluation. In addition, we examined the effect of cluster classification on the input data to the model. As a result, the reproduction of tactile sensation was improved in the model with cluster classification. These results suggest the effectiveness of a vibration data transformation model with cluster classification.
A new digital current control AC-DC converter for wind turbine (2016)

In this paper, a new digital hysteresis current control for ac-dc converters is presented. The new control circuit has the peak and valley current detectors which are comprised of an RC integrator, comparator and R-S flip-flop. These current detectors can detect the peak and valley reactor currents in real time. The proposed control circuit structure and the operation principle are explained with the simulation result. As a result, it is confirmed that both peak and valley currents are detected instantaneously using the proposed method.
Unravelling the Hydration Barrier of Lignin Oleate Nanoparticles for Acid- and Base-Catalyzed Functionalization in Dispersion State (2021)

Raw data for the main figure of the manuscript : Angew.Chem. Int. Ed. 2021, 60,20897–20905
Hypervelocity Impact Experiments on Epoxy/Ultra-high Molecular Weight Polyethylene Fiber Composites Reinforced with Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes (2013)

Nanocomposites of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fabrics with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) in epoxy matrix were prepared in order to study their hypervelocity impact (HVI) characteristics. These nanocomposites were assessed for their use as bumper shields and as rear walls in Whipple shield configurations at impact velocities in the 6.5-7 km/s range. The HVI performances of the nanocomposites were compared against that of the epoxy/UHMWPE composites without nanotubes (or simply, neat composites) and aluminum (Al) sheets having areal density similar to both the composites. The results show that the nanocomposites and the neat composites perform better as rear walls than the Al sheets, but are lesser effective bumper shields. Comparatively, the two composites perform similarly to one another as rear walls and as bumper shields. For these epoxy/UHMWPE composite samples, the reinforcement with 0.5 wt% of SWCNT has no noticeable effect on their HVI response.
Correction: Competitive Mirror Image Phage Display Derived Peptide Modulates Amyloid Beta Aggregation and Toxicity (2016)

The images for Figs 7, 9 and 10 appear incorrectly in the published article. The figure captions are correct. Please see the correct Figs 7, 9 and 10 and their captions here.
Condensation of LINE-1 is required for retrotransposition (2022)

Abstract LINE-1 (L1) is the only autonomously active retrotransposon in the human genome, and accounts for 17% of the human genome. The L1 mRNA encodes two proteins, ORF1p and ORF2p. ORF1p is a homotrimeric RNA-binding protein that plays a critical role in assembling functional L1 ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes. Here we show that condensation of ORF1p is required for L1 retrotransposition. Using a combination of biochemical reconstitution and live-cell imaging, we demonstrate that RNA binding, electrostatic interactions, and trimer conformational dynamics together tune the properties of ORF1p assemblies to allow for efficient L1 condensate formation in cells. Furthermore, we directly relate the dynamics of ORF1p assembly to the ability to complete the entire retrotransposon life-cycle. Mutations that prevented ORF1 condensation led to loss of retrotransposition activity, while orthogonal restoration of coiled-coil conformational flexibility rescued both condensation and retrotransposition. Based on these observations, we propose that ORF1p oligomerization on L1 RNA drives the formation of a dynamic L1 condensate that is essential for retrotransposition.
A violet III-nitride vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser with a MOCVD-grown tunnel junction contact (2018)

We demonstrated a violet III-nitride vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) with a GaN tunnel junction (TJ) contact grown by a metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) technique. A peak output power of 319 uW was achieved.
Specific membranereceptors foratrial natriuretic factor inrenal andvascular tissues (aorta/kidney cortex/vasorelaxant/diuretic/peptides) (1984)

Membranes fromrabbit aorta andfromrab- bitandratkidney cortex possess high-affinity (Kd= 10-10 M) specific binding sites foratrial natriuretic factor (ANF). Simi- larhigh-affinity sites arepresent inanestablished cell line frompigkidney, LLC-PK,. Results offractionation studies indicate thatthereceptors arelocalized intheplasma mem- brane ofthese tissues. Thebinding istime-dependent andsatu- rable. Anexcellent quantitative correlation wasfound between theaffinity ofsynthetic ANFandanalogs ofintermediate ac- tivity toaorta membranes andthehalf-maximal concentration needed forrelaxation ofrabbit aorta rings contracted byaddi- tion ofserotonin. Furthermore, thebinding affinity ofthere- ceptor inkidney membranes isconsistent withtheconcentra- tion required forinvivo natriuresis intherat. Biologically in- active synthetic ANFfragments andother peptide hormones suchasangiotensin IIandvasopressin donotsignificantly in- hibit binding. These datasuggest that thereceptors forANFin vascular andrenal tissues areresponsible formediating the physiological actions ofthis peptide inthese target tissues. Apossible role forthecardiac atria intheregulation ofextra- cellular fluid volume andelectrolyte concentration hasbeen shownbytheinduction ofsodium andwaterexcretion in response tochanges inintraatrial pressure andstretch ofthe atrial wall(1). Thecardiac atria possess granules that have theappearance ofsecretory granules (2-4) andwhosenum- bercanbealtered bymanipulation ofthewater-electrolyte balance inexperimental animals (5). Crudeextracts ofatria fromseveral species havebeenshowntopossess potent di- uretic andnatriuretic activity whengiven intravenously to
WRAPS: Denial-of-Service Defense through Web Referrals (2006)

The Web is a complicated graph, with millions of Web sites interlinked together. In this paper, we propose to use this Web sitegraph structure to mitigate flooding attacks on a Web site, using a new Web referral architecture for privileged service ("WRAPS"). WRAPS allows a legitimate client to obtain a privilege URL through a click on a referral hypher-link, from a Web site trusted by the target Web site. Using that URL, the client can get privileged access to the target Web site in a manner that is far less vulnerable to a DDoS flooding attack. WRAPS does not require changes to Web client software and is extremely lightweight for referrer Web sites, which eases its deployment. The massive scale of the Web sitegraph could deter attempts to isolate a Web site through blocking all referrers. We present the design of WRAPS, and the implementation of a prototype system used to evaluate our proposal. Our empirical study demonstrates that WRAPS enables legitimate clients to connect to a Web site smoothly in spite of an intensive flooding attack, at the cost of small overheads on the Web site's ISP's edge routers
Experimental Observation of Negative Effective Gravity in Water Waves (2013)

The gravity of Earth is responsible for the formation of water waves and usually difficult to change. Although negative effective gravity was recently predicted theoretically in water waves, it has not yet been observed in experiments and remains a mathematical curiosity which is difficult to understand. Here we experimentally demonstrate that close to the resonant frequency of purposely-designed resonating units, negative effective gravity can occur for water waves passing through an array of resonators composing of bottom-mounted split tubes, resulting in the prohibition of water wave propagation. It is found that when negative gravity occurs, the averaged displacement of water surface in a unit cell of the array has a phase difference of π to that along the boundary of the unit cell, consistent with theoretical predictions. Our results provide a mechanism to block water waves and may find applications in wave energy conversion and coastal protection.
Ultrawide bandgap Al x Ga1–x N channel heterostructure field transistors with drain currents exceeding 1.3 A mm−1 (2020)

We report an Ultrawide Bandgap Al0.4Ga0.6N channel metal-oxide-semiconductor heterostructure field effect transistor with drain currents exceeding 1.33 A mm−1 (pulse) and 1.17 A mm−1 (DC), around a 2-fold increase over past reports. This increase was achieved by incorporating a hybrid barrier layer consisting of an AlN spacer, n-doped Al0.6Ga0.4N barrier and a thin reverse graded AlxGa1–xN (x from 0.60 to 0.30) cap layer. To enhance current spreading, a "perforated" channel layout comprising of narrow channel sections separated by current blocking islands was used. A composite ALD deposited ZrO2/Al2O3 film was used as gate dielectric. A breakdown field above 2 MV cm−1 was measured.
Plausible Origins of Homochirality in the Amino Acid Catalyzed Neogenesis of Carbohydrates (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.