gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quality of residual oil from palm‐pressed mesocarp fiber (Elaeis guineensis) using supercritical CO2 with and without ethanol (2006)

Abstract The qualities of oils extracted from fresh and dried palm‐pressed mesocarp fiber were evaluated. The means of extraction included conventional solvent extraction and supercritical carbon dioxide (SC‐CO 2 ) extraction with and without addition of ethanol. Extraction efficiency using pure SC‐CO 2 and the effect of moisture content on efficiency were studied. Minor components, such as vitamin F, carotenoids, squalene and phytosterols, obtained by different methods were compared. The quality of oil recovered from fresh palm‐pressed fiber is generally better than that of oil recovered from dried fiber. The SC‐CO 2 extraction rate was lower for fresh fiber than for dried fiber. The incorporation of ethanol with SC‐CO 2 resulted in oil with higher oxidative stability than did SC‐CO 2 alone. Concentrations of minor components and the acylglycerol compositions of the oils extracted from both types of fibers were similar.
Interparticipant synchronization in real-time multimedia conferencing using feedback (1996)

An algorithm related to synchronization problems arising in a multimedia multiparty conference is presented in this paper. The proposed algorithm determines the set of packets generated periodically from different participants that are arriving at a node, either for mixing at the master of a conference, or for simply playing back at a regular participant of a conference. No global synchronization of the clocks is assumed. In this paper, the statistical approach rather than the deterministic is used to determine the proper set of packets that have to be mixed at a given time. The statistics are derived from the time stamp each packet carries along with it. The essence of the proposed algorithm is to estimate the expected packet arrival time (or reference time) for each participant. With the reference time at hand, the maximum jitter and the optimum waiting time for a mixer to wait packets from all participants can be determined. By employing feedback, the proposed algorithm is shown to lead to an optimum waiting/delay time. The error of the proposed algorithm is enumerated by the Chernoff bound, demonstrated by simulation, and shown to be acceptable in practical application.
Integrated and spectrally selective thermal emitters enabled by layered metamaterials (2021)

Abstract Nanophotonic engineering of light–matter interaction at subwavelength scale allows thermal radiation that is fundamentally different from that of traditional thermal emitters and provides exciting opportunities for various thermal‐photonic applications. We propose a new kind of integrated and electrically controlled thermal emitter that exploits layered metamaterials with lithography‐free and dielectric/metallic nanolayers. We demonstrate both theoretically and experimentally that the proposed concept can create a strong photonic bandgap in the visible regime and allow small impedance mismatch at the infrared wavelengths, which gives rise to optical features of significantly enhanced emissivity at the broad infrared wavelengths of 1.4–14 μm as well as effectively suppressed emissivity in the visible region. The electrically driven metamaterial devices are optically and thermally stable at temperatures up to ∼800 K with electro‐optical conversion efficiency reaching ∼30%. We believe that the proposed high‐efficiency thermal emitters will pave the way toward integrated infrared light source platforms for various thermal‐photonic applications and particularly provide a novel alternative for cost‐effective, compact, low glare, and energy‐efficient infrared heating.
Modulating Contact Lens Discomfort With Anti-Inflammatory Approaches: A Randomized Controlled Trial (2018)

CLD was attenuated by oral long-chain omega-3 supplementation for 12 weeks. Acute (2 week) topical corticosteroids and longer-term (12 week) omega-3 supplementation reduced tear levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-17A and IL-6, demonstrating parallels in modulating ocular inflammation with these approaches.
Enhancement of the Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell by Formation of Shallow Transport Levels under Visible Light Illumination (2008)

The performance enhancement of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) in lithium-free and lithium-containing electrolytes under visible light-soaking was examined by impedance spectroscopy and photovoltage transient decay measurements. The improvement was found to arise from the formation of electronic transport levels close to the conduction band, resulting most likely from photoinduced proton intercalation in the TiO2 nanoparticles. These shallow trapping states accelerate the charge carrier transport within the nanocrystalline films without deteriorating the open circuit photovoltage. Subjecting the cells to forward bias in the dark produces a similar effect, whereas the introduction of lithium ions in the electrolyte suppresses the phenomena due to prevailing lithium ion intercalation. The redistribution of localized states in the band gap of TiO2 and the resulting conduction band edge movement appears to play a significant role in the performance of the DSC.
Learning Semantics: An Opportunity for Effective 6G Communications (2022)

Recently, semantic communications are envisioned as a key enabler of future 6G networks. Back to Shannon’s\ninformation theory, the goal of communication has long been to guarantee the correct reception of transmitted messages\nirrespective of their meaning. However, in general, whenever communication occurs to convey a meaning, what matters is\nthe receiver’s understanding of the transmitted message and not necessarily its correct reconstruction. Hence, semantic communications introduce a new paradigm: transmitting only relevant information sufficient for the receiver to capture the meaning\nintended can save significant communication bandwidth. Thus, this work explores the opportunity offered by semantic communications for beyond 5G networks. In particular, we focus on the benefit of semantic compression. We refer to semantic message as a sequence of well-formed symbols learned from the “meaning” underlying data, which have to be interpreted at the receiver. This requires a reasoning unit, here artificial, on a knowledge base: a symbolic knowledge representation of the specific application. Therefore, we present and detail a novel architecture that enables representation learning of semantic symbols for effective semantic communications.We first discuss theoretical aspects and successfully design objective functions, which help learn effective semantic encoders and decoders. Eventually, we show promising numerical results for the scenario of text transmission, especially when the sender and receiver speak different languages.
Wi-Fi Coexistence with Duty Cycled LTE-U (2017)

Coexistence of Wi-Fi and LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) technologies has drawn significant concern in industry. In this paper, we investigate the Wi-Fi performance in the presence of duty cycle based LTE-U transmission on the same channel. More specifically, one LTE-U cell and one Wi-Fi basic service set (BSS) coexist by allowing LTE-U devices to transmit their signals only in predetermined duty cycles. Wi-Fi stations, on the other hand, simply contend the shared channel using the distributed coordination function (DCF) protocol without cooperation with the LTE-U system or prior knowledge about the duty cycle period or duty cycle of LTE-U transmission. We define the fairness of the above scheme as the difference between Wi-Fi performance loss ratio (considering a defined reference performance) and the LTE-U duty cycle (or function of LTE-U duty cycle). Depending on the interference to noise ratio (INR) being above or below −62 dbm, we classify the LTE-U interference as strong or weak and establish mathematical models accordingly. The average throughput and average service time of Wi-Fi are both formulated as functions of Wi-Fi and LTE-U system parameters using probability theory. Lastly, we use the Monte Carlo analysis to demonstrate the fairness of Wi-Fi and LTE-U air time sharing.
ETS transcription factors as emerging drug targets in cancer (2019)

The ETS family of proteins consists of 28 transcription factors, many of which have been implicated in development and progression of a variety of cancers. While one family member, ERG, has been rigorously studied in the context of prostate cancer where it plays a critical role, other ETS factors keep emerging as potential hallmark oncodrivers. In recent years, numerous studies have reported initial discoveries of small molecule inhibitors of ETS proteins and opened novel avenues for ETS-directed cancer therapies. This review summarizes the state of the art data on therapeutic targeting of ETS family members and highlights the corresponding drug discovery strategies.
Identification of Thermal Model for Human Tissue (1986)

A simple model structure of spatial and temporal temperature distribution in human tissue, exposed to electromagnetic heating and surface cooling, is developed. This model, denoted the control model, is useful for thermal dosimetry in hyperthermia cancer therapy. The theoretical control model parameter values for various types of homogeneous tissue are determined from a priori knowledge about tissue composition and parameters. The control model parameters for real tissue are estimated from patient treatment data through the use of a system identification technique. The results indicate that the control model structure is adequate. With the available a priori knowledge the theoretically determined control model parameter values do not accurately reproduce the experimentally estimated values. Accordingly, an identification based on experimental data is recommended, if an accurate model is required.
Wafer-Testing of Optoelectonic–Gigascale CMOS Integrated Circuits (2010)

Gigascale integration (GSI) chips with high bandwidth, integrated optoelectronics (OE), and photonic components are an emerging technology. In this paper, we present the prospects and opportunities for wafer-testing of chips with electrical and optical I/O interconnects. The issues and requirements of testing OE–GSI ICs during high-volume manufacturing are identified and discussed. Two probe substrate technologies based on microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) for simultaneously interfacing with a multitude of surface-normal optical I/Os and high-density electrical I/Os are detailed. The first probe substrate comprises vertically compliant probes for contacting electrical I/Os and grating-in-waveguide I/Os for optical probing. The second MEMS probe module uses microsockets and through-substrate interconnects to contact pillar-shaped electrical and optical I/Os and to redistribute signals, respectively.
The ins and outs of collaborative walls (1999)

A collaborage is a collaborative collage of physically represented information on a surface that is connected with electronic information, such as a physical in/out board connected to a people-locator database. The physical surface (board) contains items that are tracked by camera and machine vision technology. Events on the board trigger electronic services. This paper motivates this concept, sketches the system, describes the first application, and presents some design issues.
Oxidative DNA damage and formalin-fixation procedures (2014)

An experimental study on how formaldehyde-fixation is capable of inducing excess oxidative DNA damage in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues.
Is IEEE Std 1149.1 running out of gas? no way! (2007)

Boundary-scan was always intended to be used for loaded board testing, to help find manufacturing defects at the board level such as shorted nets, opens solder joints, missing devices, etc. And yet, it has been firmly grasped by IC designers as a gateway to solving IC testing problems as well.
Two methods to create dust particles in a plasma: from a liquid precursor or material sputtering (2015)

In laboratory reactors, there are many methods to create dust particles, mainly using reactive gases. In the present work, dust particles are produced in a low-pressure plasma using either a liquid precursor or material sputtering. Two different setups are used where capacitively-coupled RF discharges are created.

The first method consists in evaporating a liquid for injection in the plasma. This work is part of collaboration with other Orleans campus laboratories around the formation of soot particles in the road transportation sector. The aim of this collaborative project is to form soot particle analogs to those produced by combustion engines. In well-controlled conditions, these soot particles can be studied more precisely in order to know their formation, composition and structure. This understanding will help to develop methods for minimizing their production and noxious effect. Preliminary results concern the presence and the growth of soot analogs in a plasma. These results will be studied. 

The second method consists in creating dust particles by sputtering a melamine formaldehyde layer in Ar or Kr plasmas. The polymer layer is previously deposited on the electrodes. We will present several physical and chemical phenomena due to the presence of dust particles in a plasma.
In Silico Preclinical Trials: A Proof of Concept in Closed-Loop Control of Type 1 Diabetes (2009)

Arguably, a minimally invasive system using subcutaneous (s.c.) continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and s.c. insulin delivery via insulin pump would be a most feasible step to closed-loop control in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Consequently, diabetes technology is focusing on developing an artificial pancreas using control algorithms to link CGM with s.c. insulin delivery. The future development of the artificial pancreas will be greatly accelerated by employing mathematical modeling and computer simulation. Realistic computer simulation is capable of providing invaluable information about the safety and the limitations of closed-loop control algorithms, guiding clinical studies, and out-ruling ineffective control scenarios in a cost-effective manner. Thus computer simulation testing of closed-loop control algorithms is regarded as a prerequisite to clinical trials of the artificial pancreas. In this paper, we present a system for in silico testing of control algorithms that has three principal components: (1) a large cohort of n=300 simulated "subjects" (n=100 adults, 100 adolescents, and 100 children) based on real individuals' data and spanning the observed variability of key metabolic parameters in the general population of people with T1DM; (2) a simulator of CGM sensor errors representative of Freestyle Navigator™, Guardian RT, or Dexcom™ STS™, 7-day sensor; and (3) a simulator of discrete s.c. insulin delivery via OmniPod Insulin Management System or Deltec Cozmo(®) insulin pump. The system has been shown to represent adequate glucose fluctuations in T1DM observed during meal challenges, and has been accepted by the Food and Drug Administration as a substitute to animal trials in the preclinical testing of closed-loop control strategies.
The CNS glycoprotein Shadoo has PrPC-like protective properties and displays reduced levels in prion infections (2007)

The cellular prion protein, PrP(C), is neuroprotective in a number of settings and in particular prevents cerebellar degeneration mediated by CNS-expressed Doppel or internally deleted PrP ('DeltaPrP'). This paradigm has facilitated mapping of activity determinants in PrP(C) and implicated a cryptic PrP(C)-like protein, 'pi'. Shadoo (Sho) is a hypothetical GPI-anchored protein encoded by the Sprn gene, exhibiting homology and domain organization similar to the N-terminus of PrP. Here we demonstrate Sprn expression and Sho protein in the adult CNS. Sho expression overlaps PrP(C), but is low in cerebellar granular neurons (CGNs) containing PrP(C) and high in PrP(C)-deficient dendritic processes. In Prnp(0/0) CGNs, Sho transgenes were PrP(C)-like in their ability to counteract neurotoxic effects of either Doppel or DeltaPrP. Additionally, prion-infected mice exhibit a dramatic reduction in endogenous Sho protein. Sho is a candidate for pi, and since it engenders a PrP(C)-like neuroprotective activity, compromised neuroprotective activity resulting from reduced levels may exacerbate damage in prion infections. Sho may prove useful in deciphering several unresolved facets of prion biology.
An electrochemical investigation of intermediates and processes involved in the catalyticreduction of dinitrogen by [HIPTN3N]Mo (HIPTN3N = (3,5-(2,4,6-i-Pr3C6H2)2C6H3NCH2CH2)3N) (2011)

The redox properties of [HIPTN(3)N]Mo complexes (where HIPTN(3)N = (3,5-(2,4,6-i-Pr(3)C(6)H(2))(2)C(6)H(3)NCH(2)CH(2))(3)N) involved in the catalytic dinitrogen reduction cycle were studied using cyclic voltammetry in fluorobenzene with Bu(4)NPF(6) as the electrolyte. MoN(2) (Mo = [HIPTN(3)N]Mo, E(1/2) = -1.96 V vs. Fc(+)/Fc at a Pt electrode), Mo≡N (E(1/2) = -2.68 V vs. Fc(+)/Fc (Pt)), and [Mo(NH(3))]BAr'(4) (Ar' = 3,5-(CF(3))(2)C(6)H(3), E(1/2) = -1.53 V vs. Fc(+)/Fc (Pt)) each undergo a chemically reversible one-electron reduction, while [Mo=NNH(2)]BAr'(4) (E(1/2) = -1.50 V vs. Fc(+)/Fc (Pt)) and [Mo=NH]BAr'(4) (E(1/2) = -1.26 V vs. Fc(+)/Fc (Pt)) each undergo a one-electron reduction with partial chemical reversibility. The acid employed in the catalytic reduction, [2,4,6-collidinium]BAr'(4), reduces irreversibly at -1.11 V vs. Fc(+)/Fc at Pt and at -2.10 V vs. Fc(+)/Fc at a glassy carbon electrode. The reduction peak potentials of the Mo complexes shift in the presence of acids. For example, the reduction peak for MoN(2) in the presence of [2,4,6-collidinium]BAr'(4) at a glassy carbon electrode shifts positively by 130 mV. The shift in reduction potential is explained in terms of reversible hydrogen bonding and/or protonation at a nitrogen site in Mo complexes. The significance of productive and unproductive proton-coupled electron transfer reactions in the catalytic dinitrogen reduction cycle is discussed.
Joint Transmit Waveform and Receive Filter Design for Dual-Function Radar-Communication Systems (2021)

In this paper, the problem of joint transmit waveform and receive filter design for dual-function radar-communication (DFRC) systems is studied. The considered system model involves a multiple antenna base station (BS) of a cellular system serving multiple single antenna users on the downlink. Furthermore, the BS simultaneously introduces sensing capabilities in the form of point-like target detection from the reflected return signals in a signal-dependent interference environment. A novel framework based on constrained optimization problems is proposed for the joint design of the transmit waveform and the radar receive filter such that different constraints related to the power amplifiers and the radar waveform are satisfied. In contrast to the existing approaches in the DFRC systems’ literature, the proposed approach does not require the knowledge of a predetermined radar beampattern in order to optimize the performance of the radar part through its approximation. Instead, a beampattern is generated by maximizing the radar receive signal-to-interference ratio (SINR) thus, enabling a more flexible design. Moreover, the radar receive filter processing and its optimization is considered for the first time on DFRC systems, enabling the effective exploitation of the available degrees of freedom in the radar receive array. Efficient algorithmic solutions with guaranteed convergence are developed for the defined constrained nonconvex optimization problems. The effectiveness of the proposed solutions is verified via numerical results.
Maximising the potential for bacterial phenotyping using time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry with multivariate analysis and Tandem Mass Spectrometry (2014)

The increasing trend towards bacteria becoming resistant to current antibiotic treatments is of great concern to the healthcare industry with severe potential consequences for society as a whole. In many cases, it is the interaction of the antibacterial agent with the targets within the bacterial envelope of the microorganism that is a critical factor. Time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS) is uniquely capable of probing the chemistry in this region. This study aimed at optimising sample preparation and data pre‐processing for bacterial analysis with ToF‐SIMS and principal components analysis to study small chemical differences related to changes in bacterial phenotype that will help to find new antibiotics and understand how antibiotics are trafficked in the bacteria. ToF‐SIMS analysis was performed using a J105 instrument equipped with a 40 kV C 60 + ion source. Combination of positive and negative ion mode data enhanced the multivariate model quality regarding classification and aided chemical identification particularly when coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Development of a bimodal ultrasonic sensor and optics for the detection of prostate cancer (2011)

International audience
Structural Insights into Curli CsgA Cross-β Fibril Architecture Inspire Repurposing of Anti-amyloid Compounds as Anti-biofilm Agents (2019)

Curli amyloid fibrils secreted by Enterobacteriaceae mediate host cell adhesion and contribute to biofilm formation, thereby promoting bacterial resistance to environmental stressors. Here, we present crystal structures of amyloid-forming segments from the major curli subunit, CsgA, revealing steric zipper fibrils of tightly mated β-sheets, demonstrating a structural link between curli and human pathological amyloids. D-enantiomeric peptides, originally developed to interfere with Alzheimer's disease-associated amyloid-β, inhibited CsgA fibrillation and reduced biofilm formation in Salmonella typhimurium. Moreover, as previously shown, CsgA fibrils cross-seeded fibrillation of amyloid-β, providing support for the proposed structural resemblance and potential for cross-species amyloid interactions. The presented findings provide structural insights into amyloidogenic regions important for curli formation, suggest a novel strategy for disrupting amyloid-structured biofilms, and hypothesize on the formation of self-propagating prion-like species originating from a microbial source that could influence neurodegenerative diseases.
Face-Spoofing 2D-Detection Based on Moiré-Pattern Analysis (2015)

Biometric systems based on face recognition have been shown unreliable under the presence of face-spoofing images. Hence, automatic solutions for spoofing detection became necessary. In this paper, face-spoofing detection is proposed by searching for Moiré patterns due to the overlap of the digital grids. The conditions under which these patterns arise are first described, and their detection is proposed which is based on peak detection in the frequency domain. Experimental results for the algorithm are presented for an image database of facial shots under several conditions.