gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of molecular arrays with nonlinear optical properties: second-harmonic generation by covalently functionalized glassy polymers (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of molecular arrays with nonlinear optical properties: second-harmonic generation by covalently functionalized glassy polymersC. Ye, Tobin J. Marks, J. Yang, and G. K. WongCite this: Macromolecules 1987, 20, 9, 2322–2324Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00175a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00175a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views165Altmetric-Citations115LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
DiffAqua (2021)

The computational design of soft underwater swimmers is challenging because of the high degrees of freedom in soft-body modeling. In this paper, we present a differentiable pipeline for co-designing a soft swimmer's geometry and controller. Our pipeline unlocks gradient-based algorithms for discovering novel swimmer designs more efficiently than traditional gradient-free solutions. We propose Wasserstein barycenters as a basis for the geometric design of soft underwater swimmers since it is differentiable and can naturally interpolate between bio-inspired base shapes via optimal transport. By combining this design space with differentiable simulation and control, we can efficiently optimize a soft underwater swimmer's performance with fewer simulations than baseline methods. We demonstrate the efficacy of our method on various design problems such as fast, stable, and energy-efficient swimming and demonstrate applicability to multi-objective design.
Analysis of clinical isolates ofPropionibacterium acnesby optimised RAPD (2003)

Random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was evaluated as a genotypic method for typing clinical strains of Propionibacterium acnes. RAPD can suffer from problems of reproducibility if parameters are not standardised. In this study the reaction conditions were optimised by adjusting template DNA concentration and buffer constituents. All isolates were typeable using the optimised RAPD protocol which was found to be highly discriminatory (Simpson's diversity index, 0.98) and reproducible. Typing of P. acnes by optimised RAPD is an invaluable tool for the epidemiological investigation of P. acnes for which no other widely accepted method currently exists.
Producing the Marcellus Shale: Field Experience in Pad Drilling Techniques (2011)

The Marcellus Shale region in the northeastern United States is the scene of intensive shale gas development. In this paper, the authors discuss the advantages and challenges of multiwell pad-design drilling in a region where conventional vertical well approaches are often no longer ideal because of changing environmental, economic, and regulatory factors. In particular, they will examine the importance of effective anticollision methodologies and the increasingly critical role of collaboration among service providers and operators.
Rolipram inhibits leukocyte‐endothelial cell interactions in vivo through P‐ and E‐selectin downregulation (2002)

1. Rolipram, a selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) type 4 inhibitor, was used to characterize leukocyte recruitment mechanisms in models of acute and subacute inflammation. Intravital microscopy within the rat mesenteric microcirculation was employed. 2. Mesentery superfusion with PAF (0.1 microM) induced a significant increase in leukocyte rolling flux, adhesion and emigration at 60 min. Rolipram pretreatment, markedly inhibited these parameters by 100, 95 and 95% respectively. 3. Similar effects were observed when the mesentery was superfused with LPS (1 microg ml(-1)) for the same time period and these leukocyte parameters were nearly abrogated by rolipram pretreatment. 4. LPS exposure of the mesentery for 4 h caused a greater increase in leukocyte rolling flux, adhesion and emigration which were inhibited by rolipram administration by 51, 71 and 81% respectively. 5. Immunohistochemistry revealed a significant increase in P-selectin expression after 60 min superfusion with PAF which was attenuated by rolipram. 6. LPS exposure of the mesentery for 4 h caused a significant increase in P- and E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression. Rolipram pretreatment down-regulated both P- and E-selectin expression but had no effect on ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression. 7. Significant increases in plasma cyclic AMP levels were detected at 4.5 h after rolipram administration. 8. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that rolipram is a potent in vivo inhibitor of leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions. The effects observed are mediated through endothelial P- and E-selectin downregulation. Therefore, selective PDE-4 inhibitors may be useful in the control of different inflammatory disorders.
Mitogenic and Protein Synthetic Activity of Tissue Repair Cells: Control by the Postsurgical Macrophage (1989)

It is well known that fibroblasts are a main source of extracellular matrix synthesis necessary for tissue repair. In addition, macrophages secrete products that are known to modulate synthesis of extracellular matrix. Accordingly, we studied the incorporation of [3H]thymidine, [3H]proline, and [35S]sulfate into macromolecules produced by fibroblasts recovered from the site of peritoneal tissue repair cultured with and without spent media from postsurgical peritoneal macrophages. Rabbits underwent resection and reanastomosis of their small intestines. Peritoneal exudative cells (PEC) were then collected on postsurgical day 5 and day 10 as well as from nonsurgical controls, separated by discontinuous Percoll gradient centrifugation, and cultured for 48 h. A second group of rabbits underwent peritoneal wall abrasion from which fibroblast tissue repair cells (TRC) were collected from the site of injury at postsurgical day 7 and maintained in culture for varying times. Incorporation of radiolabeled precursors into DNA, collagen, and sulfated proteoglycans was determined. Incorporation of [3H]thymidine and [3H]proline into untreated TRC gradually decreased with culture duration. Conversely, [35S]sulfate incorporation gradually increased during prolonged culture. Macrophage spent media increased the levels of [3H]thymidine incorporation by the TRC. [3H]Proline and [35S]sulfate incorporation into TRC were also stimulated by macrophage spent media. However, this stimulation may be due to the enhanced proliferation of TRC by macrophage spent media. In conclusion, tissue repair fibroblasts are activated for postsurgical repair at the site of injury by many factors including secretory products from postsurgical macrophages.
Cholecystokinin Receptor Antagonist Induces Pancreatic Stellate Cell Plasticity Rendering the Tumor Microenvironment Less Oncogenic (2023)

CCK receptors are expressed on pancreatic cancer epithelial cells, and blockade with receptor antagonists decreases tumor growth. Activated pancreatic stellate cells or myofibroblasts have also been described to express CCK receptors, but the contribution of this novel pathway in fibrosis of the pancreatic cancer microenvironment has not been studied. We examined the effects of the nonselective CCK receptor antagonist proglumide on the activation, proliferation, collagen deposition, differential expression of genes, and migration in both murine and human PSCs. CCK receptor expression was examined using western blot analysis. Collagen production using activated PSCs was analyzed by mass spectroscopy and western blot. Migration of activated PSCs was prevented in vitro by proglumide and the CCK-B receptor antagonist, L365,260, but not by the CCK-A receptor antagonist L365,718. Proglumide effectively decreased the expression of extracellular matrix-associated genes and collagen-associated proteins in both mouse and human PSCs. Components of fibrosis, including hydroxyproline and proline levels, were significantly reduced in PSC treated with proglumide compared to controls. CCK peptide stimulated mouse and human PSC proliferation, and this effect was blocked by proglumide. These investigations demonstrate that targeting the CCK-B receptor signaling pathway with proglumide may alter the plasticity of PSC, rendering them more quiescent and leading to a decrease in fibrosis in the pancreatic cancer microenvironment.
Novel Role of Carbon Monoxide as a Lewis Acid Catalyst for Friedel−Crafts Reaction (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTADDITION / CORRECTIONThis article has been corrected. View the notice.Novel Role of Carbon Monoxide as a Lewis Acid Catalyst for Friedel−Crafts ReactionSensuke Ogoshi, Hiromitsu Nakashima, Kazumasa Shimonaka, and Hideo KurosawaView Author Information Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University Suita, Osaka 565, Japan Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 35, 8626–8627Publication Date (Web):August 8, 2001Publication History Received27 June 2001Revised18 July 2001Published online8 August 2001Published inissue 1 September 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja0165032https://doi.org/10.1021/ja0165032rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1020Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Aromatic compounds,Hydrocarbons,Inorganic carbon compounds,Lewis acids,Oxides Get e-Alerts
Feasibility of early functional rehabilitation in acute stroke survivors using the Balance-Bedâ€”a technology that emulates microgravity (2015)

Evidence-based guidelines recommend early functional rehabilitation of stroke patients when risk of patient harm can be managed. Current tools do not allow balance training under load conditions sufficiently low for acute stroke patients. This single-arm pilot study tested feasibility and safety for acute stroke survivors to use "Balance-Bed", a technology for balance exercises in supine initially developed to emulate microgravity effects on balance. Nine acute stroke patients (50-79 years) participated in 3-10 sessions over 16-46 days as part of their rehabilitation in a hospital inpatient setting. Standard inpatient measures of outcome were monitored where lack of progress from admission to discharge might indicate possible harm. Total FIM scores at admission (median 40, range 22-53) changed to (74, 50-96), Motor FIM scores from (23, 13-32) to (50, 32-68) and Berg Balance scores from (3, 0-6) to (19, 7-43) at discharge. Changes reached Minimal Clinical Important Difference for a sufficient proportion (>0.6) of the patients to indicate no harm to the patients. In addition, therapists reported the technology was safe, provided a positive experience for the patient and fit within the rehabilitation program. They reported the device should be easier to set up and exit. We conclude acute stroke patients tolerated Balance-Bed exercises such as standing on one or two legs, squats, stepping in place as well as balance perturbations provided by the therapist. We believe this is the first time it has been demonstrated that acute stroke patients can safely perform whole body balance training including balance perturbations as part of their rehabilitation program. Future studies should include a control group and compare outcomes from best practices to interventions using the Balance-Bed. In addition, the technology is relevant for countermeasure development for spaceflight and as a test-bed of balance function under microgravity-like conditions.
The behavior of asymmetry and other profile parameters of the Fe I lambda 5576.1 A line in solar regions of varying magnetic activity (1989)

Analyse des correlations entre les variations de l'asymetrie de la raie spectrale Fe I photospherique, de son intensite residuelle, du decalage Doppler central, de la largeur a mi-hauteur, de la largeur equivalente avec la brillance des plages Ca ++ (indicateur du champ magnetique solaire). Le comportement de ces caracteristiques spectrales en fonction du champ magnetique est interprete par les variations de la structure hydrodynamique des couches photospheriques etudiees
A Novel Continuous Multiphase Reactor for Chemically Processing Polymer Fibers (2018)

Chemical reactions on the surface or throughout a thermoplastic fiber present an interesting and challenging reaction engineering problem. This paper presents the design and implementation of a modular multiphase continuous stirred tank reactor for the sulfonation of polyethylene fibers. Polyethylene fiber tows, composed of 1000–6000 filaments, are sulfonated in a series of stirred tank reactors. Fundamental reaction engineering principles are applied to address common batch-to-continuous reactor challenges, such as heat and mass transfer, material balances, and reaction kinetics. The introduction of polymer fibers to a continuous process also requires the solution of practical problems associated with fiber processing. Additional considerations are introduced for designing a reactor system for continuous processing of fiber using liquid with a batch reactor or CSTR contacting pattern in each vessel and containing the effluent gaseous reaction byproducts in a controlled vent stream. The overall sulfonation reaction stoichiometry was determined such that ≈1 mol of SO3 reacts per mol of CH2 fed. Additionally, carbon sulfonation selectivity was determined to be 95–99%, depending on the sulfonation conditions.
Immunomodulatory drug discovery from herbal medicines: Insights from organ-specific activity and xenobiotic defenses (2021)

Traditional herbal medicines, which emphasize a holistic, patient-centric view of disease treatment, provide an exciting starting point for discovery of new immunomodulatory drugs. Progress on identification of herbal molecules with proven single agent activity has been slow, in part because of insufficient consideration of pharmacology fundamentals. Many molecules derived from medicinal plants exhibit low oral bioavailability and rapid clearance, leading to low systemic exposure. Recent research suggests that such molecules can act locally in the gut or liver to activate xenobiotic defense pathways that trigger beneficial systemic effects on the immune system. We discuss this hypothesis in the context of four plant-derived molecules with immunomodulatory activity: indigo, polysaccharides, colchicine, and ginsenosides. We end by proposing research strategies for identification of novel immunomodulatory drugs from herbal medicine sources that are informed by the possibility of local action in the gut or liver, leading to generation of systemic immune mediators.
Two-photon sensitive protecting groups operating via intramolecular electron transfer: uncaging of GABA and tryptophan (2015)

Improved photo-labile protecting groups, with high sensitivity to two-photon excitation, are needed for the controlled release of drugs, as tools in neuroscience and physiology. Here we present a new modular approach to the design of caging groups based on photoinduced electron transfer from an electron-rich two-photon dye to an electron acceptor, followed by scission of an ester to release a carboxylic acid. Three different electron acceptors were tested: nitrobenzyl, phenacyl and pyridinium. The nitrobenzyl system was ineffective, giving only photochemical decomposition and no release of the carboxylic acid. The phenacyl system also performed poorly, liberating the carboxylic acid in 20% chemical yield and 0.2% photochemical yield. The pyridinium system was most successful, and was tested for the release of two carboxylic acids: γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) and tryptophan. The caged GABA undergoes photochemical cleavage with a chemical yield of >95% and a photochemical yield of 1%; it exhibits a two-photon absorption cross section of 1100 GM at 700 nm, corresponding to a two-photon uncaging cross section of 10 ± 3 GM.
Immune effects of cocoa procyanidin oligomers on peripheral blood mononuclear cells. (2007)

There has been considerable work on the relationships between nutrition and the immune response, particularly on studies that have focused on adaptive responses. There is increasing recognition of the importance of innate immunity in host protection and initiation of cytokine networks. In this study, we examined the effect of select cocoa flavanols and procyanidins on innate responses in vitro. Peripheral blood mono-nuclear cells (PBMCs), as well as purified monocytes and CD4 and CD8 T cells, were isolated from healthy volunteers and cultured in the presence of cocoa flavanol fractions that differ from another by the degree of flavanol polymerization: short-chain flavanol fraction (SCFF), monomers to pentamers; and long-chain flavanol fraction (LCFF), hexamers to decamers. Parallel investigations were also done with highly purified flavanol monomers and procyanidin dimers. The isolated cells were then challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with quantitation of activation using CD69 and CD83 expression and analysis of secreted tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, IL-10, and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). The chain length of flavanol fractions had a significant effect on cytokine release from both unstimulated and LPS-stimulated PBMCs. For example, there was a striking increase of LPS-induced synthesis of IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-alpha in the presence of LCFF. LCFF and SCFF, in the absence of LPS, stimulated the production of GM-CSF. In addition, LCFF and SCFF increased expression of the B cell markers CD69 and CD83. There were also unique differential responses in the mononuclear cell populations studied. We conclude that the oligomers are potent stimulators of both the innate immune system and early events in adaptive immunity.
Genotype Analyses of Campylobacter Isolated from the Gastrointestinal Tracts and the Reproductive Tracts of Broiler Breeder Roosters (2003)

Campylobacter is considered to be the leading bacterial etiologic agent of acute gastroenteritis in humans. Evidence implicates poultry as a major source of the organism for human illness; however, the pathways involved in Campylobacter contamination of poultry flocks, horizontal transmission and/or vertical transmission, remain unclear. Recent evidence implicates breeders as a potential source for Campylobacter contamination of the subsequent broiler offspring. In this investigation, Campylobacter isolated from feces, cloacal swabs, ceca, semen, and vas deferens of 12 breeder broiler roosters were genotyped by both flagellin A short variable region (flaA SVR) DNA sequence analysis and repetitive element (rep)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In 9 of 12 roosters, Campylobacter was isolated from multiple sites sampled. Comparison of multiple isolates obtained from individual roosters revealed variable results. In five of the nine roosters, all Campylobacter isolated demonstrated closely related flaA SVR DNA sequences as well as rep-PCR patterns; isolates from these roosters were collected from both the gastrointestinal and the reproductive tracts or from the gastrointestinal tract alone. The remaining four roosters had Campylobacter that were distinct by both typing methods. Isolates from two of these four roosters originated from both the gastrointestinal and the reproductive tracts. Isolates from the remaining two roosters originated from only the reproductive tract. Comparisons of all Campylobacter isolates recovered from a distinct sample type within either the reproductive tract or the gastrointestinal tract (feces, semen, cloaca, vas deferens, or ceca) were quite diverse. No relationship between the genotypes and the sample type could be ascertained. Further investigation is needed to determine the route of contamination and if the presence of Campylobacter within the rooster leads to contamination of the broiler offspring via the fertilized egg.
Using Vicon system and optical method to evaluate inertial and magnetic system accuracy (2010)

MEMS are being more accessible thank price and energy consumption. That explains the democratisation of attitude control system. Sensors found in attitude control system are accelerometers, magnetometers and gyrometers. The commercialised solutions are expensive and not optimised in sensors number and energy consumption. Movea’s system is based on low cost sensors, number optimisation and low energy consumption. It is constituted of wireless attitude control system named MotionPOD. The system has two modes: the simulation mode and the reconstruction mode, even for cinematic motions. Movea’s system is seen as a black box which becomes as entries measurements for reconstruction mode and body segment orientation for simulation one. In body motion reconstruction Vicon system is usually used because of its accuracy. With markers position it is easy to compute the orientation of each body segment if we have put enough markers. That is why Vicon system may be a good etalon for the Movea’s system. We present practical approach of the characterisation of Movea’s system and its validation. Thereby we will present criterion useful to evaluate the reconstruction accuracy. Moreover we will insist on optical methods used to extract the interesting data from Vicon.
Gene expression differences during the heterogeneous progression of peripheral atherosclerosis in familial hypercholesterolemic swine (2013)

This is the first investigation to report that the total number of differential genes decreases with diverging atherosclerotic disease pattern between porcine brachial and femoral arteries.