gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Suprascapular intraneural ganglia and glenohumeral joint connections (2006)

The findings in these two patients support the synovial theory for intraneural ganglia. Based on their experience with intraneural ganglia at other sites, the authors believe that suprascapular intraneural ganglia arise from the glenohumeral joint, egress through a superior (posterior) labral tear, and dissect within the epineurium along an articular branch into the main nerve, following the path of least resistance. Furthermore, these two cases of intraneural ganglia with SLAP lesions are directly analogous to the many cases of paralabral cysts associated with these types of labral tears. By better understanding the origin of this unusual type of ganglia and drawing analogies to the more common extraneural cysts, surgical strategies can be formulated to address the underlying pathoanatomy, improve operative outcomes, and prevent recurrences.
Machbarkeitsstudie zur endosonographisch gesteuerten Ablation von Lymphknoten mit einer neuen Sonde zur Radiofrequenzablation. (2013)

Einleitung: Die endoskopische Ablation maligner Lymphknoten (LK) spielt bisher in der Behandlung maligner Erkrankungen des Thorax und Abdomens keine Rolle. Insgesamt ist die Radiofrequenzablation (RFA) eine etablierte Methode zur lokalen Destruktion solider Organtumoren, insbesondere hepatozellulärer Karzinom. Untersuchungen zur Ablation von LK existieren bisher nicht. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die endosonographische (EUS) Ablation von LK mit einer neuartigen RFA-Sonde zu prüfen.
Controlled Nanoscale Morphology of Hematite (0001) Surfaces Grown by Chemical Vapor Transport (2005)

Stable α-Fe2O3 surfaces: A 3D rendering of the controlled nanoscale morphology observed on a hematite (0001) surface is shown in the Figure. This atomically flat surface is characterized by circular depressions with diameters on the order of hundreds of nanometers and depths of 2.2 ± 0.2 Å. At room temperature, the surface is exceptionally stable, with no measured change following storage in air over several months.
Physical modelling of RC concrete structures using additively manufactured reinforcement of submillimeter diameter (2021)

This paper claims that a major source of error in Seismic Analysis of Structures is the assumptions used to scale up from component-to system-level behavior. It also claims that validation of numerical models should be performed statistically. As a statistical validation requires multiple virgin specimens, the paper suggests the use of a 3D printer to construct the reinforcement of micro RC specimens (1:40) to be tested in a geotechnical centrifuge. It presents some first tests on gypsum-based micro concrete, additively manufactured rebars with diameters as low as 0.35mm, and small scale RC beams. The properties observed seem to resemble the ones of full scale RC components. Given the material properties, Opensees is able to accurately capture the behavior of the micro-beam.
Mitochondrial dysfunction in mut methylmalonic acidemia (2008)

Methylmalonic acidemia is an autosomal recessive inborn error of metabolism caused by defective activity of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MUT) that exhibits multiorgan system pathology. To examine whether mitochondrial dysfunction is a feature of this organic acidemia, a background-modified Mut-knockout mouse model was constructed and used to examine mitochondrial ultrastructure and respiratory chain function in the tissues that manifest pathology in humans. In parallel, the liver from a patient with mut methylmalonic acidemia was studied in a similar fashion. Megamitochondria formed early in life in the hepatocytes of the Mut(-/-) animals and progressively enlarged. Liver extracts prepared from the mutants at multiple time points displayed respiratory chain dysfunction, with diminished cytochrome c oxidase activity and reduced intracellular glutathione compared to control littermates. Over time, the exocrine pancreas and proximal tubules of the kidney also exhibited megamitochondria, and older mutant mice eventually developed tubulointerstitial renal disease. The patient liver displayed similar morphological and enzymatic findings as observed in the murine tissues. These murine and human studies establish that megamitochondria formation with respiratory chain dysfunction occur in a tissue-specific fashion in methylmalonic acidemia and suggest treatment approaches based on improving mitochondrial function and ameliorating the effects of oxidative stress.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Bcl9/Bcl9l Are Critical for Wnt-Mediated Regulation of Stem Cell Traits in Colon Epithelium and Adenocarcinomas (2023)

Supplementary Figure 4 from Bcl9/Bcl9l Are Critical for Wnt-Mediated Regulation of Stem Cell Traits in Colon Epithelium and Adenocarcinomas
Near-infrared imaging in the small animal brain: optimization of fiber positions (2003)

We investigate fiber placement issues associated with a hybrid magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) near-infrared (NIR) imaging technique for small animal brain studies. Location of the optical fibers on the cranium is examined, with an emphasis on maximizing the recovered resolution and contrast in the region of interest, which in this case is the murine brain. In a series of simulation studies, singular value decomposition of the Jacobian is used in order to determine the measurement sites that provide the most information about the region of interest. The modeling results indicate that data collected using fibers arranged on one side of the head near the brain contain as much information about optical changes within the brain as those positioned equally spaced around the entire periphery of the head. Practical space limitation considerations favor the one-sided fiber array geometry in the case where the NIR acquisition is expected to occur simultaneously with MRI.
Generating $k$ EPR-pairs from an $n$-party resource state (2022)

Motivated by quantum network applications over classical channels, we initiate the study of $n$-party resource states from which LOCC protocols can create EPR-pairs between any $k$ disjoint pairs of parties. We give constructions of such states where $k$ is not too far from the optimal $n/2$ while the individual parties need to hold only a constant number of qubits. In the special case when each party holds only one qubit, we describe a family of $n$-qubit states with $k$ proportional to $\log n$ based on Reed-Muller codes, as well as small numerically found examples for $k=2$ and $k=3$. We also prove some lower bounds, for example showing that if $k=n/2$ then the parties must have at least $Ω(\log\log n)$ qubits each.
AUTOSENSITIZATION IN VITRO (1971)

Autosensitization of rat or mouse lymphoid cells against syngeneic fibroblast antigens was induced in cell culture. Rat lymphoid cells autosensitized by this method were able to produce immunospecific lysis of syngeneic target fibroblasts in vitro or GvH reactions in newborn rats. Autosensitized mouse spleen cells mediated similar GvH reactions when injected into newborn mice. The nature of the system used to induce immunity in vitro appears to argue against the possibility that lymphocytes capable of reacting against self-antigens could arise by mutation in cell culture. Hence, it is likely that cells potentially reactive against self-antigens preexisted in the lymphoid cell donors. The ability of autosensitized cells to mediate immune reactions in vivo suggests that the immunogenic self-antigens present on sensitizing fibroblasts also were accessible in the intact animals. Loss of natural self-tolerance in vitro, therefore, can be explained most simply by the existence of lymphocytes which are reversibly tolerant to self. Hence, ontogenic elimination of potentially self-reactive cells may not be the only basis for natural tolerance. Regulatory mechanisms, such as antigen excess, may have to function in vivo to prevent differentiation of self-tolerant lymphocytes. These regulatory mechanisms appear to be annulled in the cell-culture system. The present system thus may offer a new approach to studies of tolerance and regulation of cellular immunity.
Guidance simulation and test support for differential GPS flight experiment (1987)

Three separate tasks which supported the test preparation, test operations, and post test analysis of the NASA Ames flight test evaluation of the differential Global Positioning System (GPS) are presented. Task 1 consisted of a navigation filter design, coding, and testing to optimally make use of GPS in a differential mode. The filter can be configured to accept inputs from external censors such as an accelerometer and a barometric or radar altimeter. The filter runs in real time onboard a NASA helicopter. It processes raw pseudo and delta range measurements from a single channel sequential GPS receiver. The Kalman filter software interfaces are described in detail, followed by a description of the filter algorithm, including the basic propagation and measurement update equations. The performance during flight tests is reviewed and discussed. Task 2 describes a refinement performed on the lateral and vertical steering algorithms developed on a previous contract. The refinements include modification of the internal logic to allow more diverse inflight initialization procedures, further data smoothing and compensation for system induced time delays. Task 3 describes the TAU Corp participation in the analysis of the real time Kalman navigation filter. The performance was compared to that of the Z-set filter in flight and to the laser tracker position data during post test analysis. This analysis allowed a more optimum selection of the parameters of the filter.
Structure−Activity Relationships of Novel 2-Substituted Quinazoline Antibacterial Agents (1999)

High-throughput screening of in-house compound libraries led to the discovery of a novel antibacterial agent, compound 1 (MIC: 12-25 microM against S. pyogenes). In an effort to improve the activity of this active compound, a series of 2-substituted quinazolines was synthesized and evaluated in several antibacterial assays. One such compound (22) displayed improved broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against a variety of bacterial strains. This molecule also inhibited transcription/translation of bacterial RNA, suggesting a mechanism for its antibiotic effects. Structure-activity relationship studies of 22 led to the synthesis of another 24 compounds. Although some of these molecules were found to be active in bacterial growth assays, none were as potent as 22. Compound 22 was tested for its ability to cure a systemic K. pneumonia infection in the mouse and displayed moderate effects compared with a control antibiotic, gentamycin.
Cigarette Smoke-Induced Pulmonary Inflammation and Emphysema Are Attenuated in CCR6-Deficient Mice (2006)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is mainly caused by cigarette smoking, and is characterized by an increase in inflammatory cells in the airways and pulmonary tissue. The chemokine receptor CCR6 and its ligand MIP-3alpha/CCL20 may be involved in the recruitment of these inflammatory cells. To investigate the role of CCR6 in the pathogenesis of COPD, we analyzed the inflammatory responses of CCR6 knockout (KO) and wild-type mice upon cigarette smoke (CS) exposure. Both subacute and chronic exposure to CS induced an increase in cells of the innate and adaptive immune system in the bronchoalveolar lavage, both in CCR6 KO and wild-type mice. However, the accumulation of dendritic cells, neutrophils, and T lymphocytes, which express CCR6, was significantly attenuated in the CCR6 KO mice, compared with their wild-type littermates. In the lung tissue of CCR6 KO mice, there was an impaired increase in dendritic cells, activated CD8(+) T lymphocytes, and granulocytes. Moreover, this attenuated inflammatory response in CCR6 KO mice offered a partial protection against pulmonary emphysema, which correlated with an impaired production of MMP-12. Importantly, protein levels of MIP-3alpha/CCL20, the only chemokine ligand of the CCR6 receptor, and MCP-1/CCL2 were significantly increased upon CS exposure in wild-type, but not in CCR6 KO mice. In contrast, CCR6 deficiency had no effect on the development of airway wall remodeling upon chronic CS exposure. These results indicate that the interaction of CCR6 with its ligand MIP-3alpha contributes to the pathogenesis of CS-induced pulmonary inflammation and emphysema in this murine model of COPD.
Effect of Lithotripsy on Holmium:YAG Optical Beam Profile (2003)

During Ho:YAG lithotripsy, the beam profile at the optical fiber tip approaches a Gaussian distribution. This shape corresponds to the crater produced on the stone surface. With further ablation, the beam profile becomes erratic and unpredictable, with loss of lithotripsy efficiency. The findings provide further insight into the photothermal mechanism of Ho:YAG lithotripsy.
S-Sulfonation: a Reversible Chemical Modification ofHuman Immunoglobulins Permitting Intravenous Application (1983)

S-sulfonation represents a reversible chemical modification of disulfide bonds by which under the special conditions chosen only about 2.2 cystine units per IgG molecule are cleaved. Physicochemical and functional evidence for reconstititution is presented. Molecules reconstituted in vitro or in vivo regain, within a few hours, a reactivity (antigen binding, immunoprecipitation, Clq-mediated cross-linking of immune complexes) comparable to equimolar control preparations.
Colloidal chitosans: toward new vaccine adjuvants (2010)

International audience
Sequence-based In-Circuit Breakpoints for Post-Silicon Debug (Abstract Only) (2015)

Recently, simulation and/or formal verification in pre-silicon verification cannot accomplish the whole system-level verification with exhaustive input data and run-time because of lack of sufficient speed and logic capacities. Consequently, post-silicon validation, such as in-circuit debugging, becomes increasingly important. In this paper we propose a novel breakpoint mechanism, which improves controllability of in-circuit debugging. Our contributions are summarized as follows: (1) A basic concept of a new breakpoint method is proposed, which stops the target hardware by detecting a data sequence of arbitrary length, (2) The breakpoint is shown to be implemented in an efficient pipelined hardware, which works "at-speed", in realtime and with small area overheads using CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check), and (3) Our experimental results of detecting a data sequence in a pseudo random stream data shows that false positives can be suppressed by the CRC width and the number of sub-sequences. Since changing breakpoint conditions does not require re-implementation of the hardware, it is expected to reduce much debugging effort in post-silicon validation.
Throughput Analysis of Massive MIMO Uplink With Low-Resolution ADCs (2017)

We investigate the uplink throughput achievable by a multiple-user (MU) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, in which the base station is equipped with a large number of low-resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). Our focus is on the case where neither the transmitter nor the receiver have any a priori channel state information. This implies that the fading realizations have to be learned through pilot transmission followed by channel estimation at the receiver, based on coarsely quantized observations. We propose a novel channel estimator, based on Bussgang's decomposition, and a novel approximation to the rate achievable with finite-resolution ADCs, both for the case of finite-cardinality constellations and of Gaussian inputs, that is accurate for a broad range of system parameters. Through numerical results, we illustrate that, for the 1-bit quantized case, pilot-based channel estimation together with maximal-ratio combing, or zero-forcing detection enables reliable multi-user communication with high-order constellations, in spite of the severe nonlinearity introduced by the ADCs. Furthermore, we show that the rate achievable in the infinite-resolution (no quantization) case can be approached using ADCs with only a few bits of resolution. We finally investigate the robustness of low-ADC-resolution MU-MIMO uplink against receive power imbalances between the different users, caused for example by imperfect power control.
Progression of microsatellite instability from premalignant lesions to tumors of the head and neck (2002)

The role of microsatellite alterations other than loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in the progression of benign epithelium to head-and-neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) has not been previously described. As the severity of the dysplasia increases at the microscopic level, there is an increase in the prevalence of LOH as defined by microsatellite analysis. Other alterations have been detected in the form of microsatellite instability (MSI), represented by insertions or deletions of base pairs. It is unknown, however, whether the prevalence of these alterations likewise increases during these early stages of tumor progression. Using 6 selected markers that demonstrate a high rate of MSI and allelic imbalance in invasive head-and-neck cancer, we examined 111 lesions ranging from hyperplasia without atypia to invasive mucosal HNSCC. Two of 34 (5.9%) of the hyperplasias without atypia, 2/12 (16.7%) of the mild dysplasias, 2/21 (9.5%) of the moderate dysplasias, 7/26 (26.9%) of the high-grade dysplasias/carcinomas in situ and 6/18 (33%) of the HNSCCs demonstrated microsatellite base pair length alterations. Our findings indicate that MSI becomes increasingly more common as early dysplastic lesions progress to fully malignant HNSCC and confirm this as a supplemental detection method in microsatellite analysis.
Synthetic methods and reaction. 194. Electrochemical synthesis of hexakis(trimethylsilyl)-3,3'-bicyclopropenyl (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthetic methods and reaction. 194. Electrochemical synthesis of hexakis(trimethylsilyl)-3,3'-bicyclopropenylG. K. Surya Prakash, Herwig A. Buchholz, Denis Deffieux, and George A. OlahCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 24, 7532–7533Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00103a062https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00103a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views84Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Augmented repair with early mobilization of acute anterior cruciate ligament injuries (2004)

Although a succesful method for repairing the ruptured anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) would seem desirable in order to preserve the naturel isometric position and the mechanical and proprioceptive function of the ACL, attempts to achieve surgical repair have generally yielded poor results. This paper describes a technique for repair of the ACL with protection of that repair by a synhetic augmentation device. This technique minimizes damage to proprioceptive elements, can be carried out with a &amp;#039;&amp;#039;mini arthrotomy&amp;#039;&amp;#039; and eliminates the adverse effects of postoperative immobilization. In addition, the immediate restabilization of the joint provided by the augmentation device converts &amp;#039;&amp;#039;grade III&amp;#039;&amp;#039; collateralligament injuries to a &amp;#039;&amp;#039;grade II&amp;#039;&amp;#039; condition and thus allows nonoperative treatment of concomitant collateralligament injuries. Of 61 patients operated 24 to 57 months (mean 38. 3 months) prior to data accumulation, 57 returned for follow up Subjectively, 93% of all patients reported a good or excellent functional result, however only 50.9% of the patients returned to their preinjury sports Ievel. Objectively, a radiographic Lachman test was performed on both the injured and the noninjured knee of all 57 patients. The preoperative mean difference between the kness was 8. 6 mm (range 4. 6 to 17. 2 mm) and of follow up was 2. 4 mm (range 0.9 to 11.8 mm). Radiographic abduction and adduction stress test demonstrated stable healing of the (unrepaired) collateralligament lesions (varus stress 0.1 mm and valgus stress 0.4 mm mean side-to-side difference), indication that suture of ruptured collateralligaments is not necessary when the knee is centrally stabilized with the augmentation device. These results indicate that succesful repair of the anterior cruciate ligament is frequently possible when enhanced by an augmentation device. We feel that a successful repair with preservation of the normal structures is distinctly preferable to reconstruction.
Self‐Assembly of DNA and RNA Building Blocks Explored by Nitrogen‐14 NMR Crystallography: Structure and Dynamics (2020)

Abstract The isotopic enrichment of nucleic acids with nitrogen‐15 is often carried out by solid‐phase synthesis of oligonucleotides using phosphoramidite precursors that are synthetically demanding and expensive. These synthetic challenges, combined with the overlap of chemical shifts, explain the lag of nitrogen‐15 NMR studies of nucleic acids behind those of proteins. For the structural characterization of DNA and RNA‐related systems, new NMR methods that exploit the naturally occurring 99.9 % abundant nitrogen‐14 isotope are therefore highly desirable. In this study, we have investigated nitrogen‐14 spectra of self‐assembled quartets based on the nucleobase guanine in the solid state by means of magic‐angle spinning NMR spectroscopy. The network of dipolar proton–nitrogen couplings between neighboring stacked purine units is probed by 2D spectra based on 1 H→ 14 N→ 1 H double cross‐polarization. Interplane dipolar contacts are identified between the stacked G quartets. The assignment is supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the anisotropic chemical shifts and quadrupolar parameters. The experimental spectra are fully consistent with internuclear distances obtained in silico. Averaging of chemical shifts due to internal motions can be interpreted by semiempirical calculations. This method can easily be extended to synthetic G quartets based on nucleobase or nucleoside analogs and potentially to oligonucleotides.
Note on Generalized Cuckoo Hashing with a Stash. (2020)

Cuckoo hashing is a common hashing technique, guaranteeing constant-time lookups in the worst case. Adding a stash was proposed by Kirsch, Mitzenmacher, and Wieder at SICOMP 2010, as a way to reduce the probability of rehash. It has since become a standard technique in areas such as cryptography, where a superpolynomially low probability of rehash is often required. Another extension of cuckoo hashing is to allow multiple items per bucket, improving the load factor. That extension was also analyzed by Kirsch et al. in the presence of a stash. The purpose of this note is to repair a bug in that analysis. Letting $d$ be the number of items per bucket, and $s$ be the stash size, the original claim was that the probability that a valid cuckoo assignment fails to exist is $O(n^{(1-d)(s+1)})$. We point to an error in the argument, and show that it is $\Theta(n^{-d-s})$.