gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Coassembly and Coupling of SK2 Channels and mGlu5Receptors (2014)

Group I metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors regulate hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neuron excitability via Ca(2+) wave-dependent activation of small-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (SK) channels. Here, we show that mGlu5 receptors and SK2 channels coassemble in heterologous coexpression systems and in rat brain. Further, in cotransfected cells or rat primary hippocampal neurons, mGlu5 receptor stimulation activated apamin-sensitive SK2-mediated K(+) currents. In addition, coexpression of mGlu5 receptors and SK2 channels promoted plasma membrane targeting of both proteins and correlated with increased mGlu5 receptor function that was unexpectedly blocked by apamin. These results demonstrate a reciprocal functional interaction between mGlu5 receptors and SK2 channels that reflects their molecular coassembly.
A prognostic score from a multicentric retrospective analysis of patients affected by sarcoma with metachronous lung metastases undergoing metastasectomy (2023)

The proposed prognostic score effectively predicts outcomes for patients with lung metachronous oligo-metastases from the surgically treated sarcoma.
Diacetylene Phospholipid-Mediated Synthesis of Germania Nanotubules and Nanoparticles (2009)

A very facile synthesis of nanometer-sized germania-coated nanotubules and germania crystals has been investigated through hydrolysis of germanium tetraalkoxide (TEOG) and subsequent condensation of germania in aqueous synthetic diacetylene phospholipid [1,2-bis(tricosa-10,12-diynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DC8,9-PC)] solutions. In the presence of the DC8,9-PC, TEOG rapidly hydrolyzes in aqueous ethanol solution, leading to solvated germinate species at lower germania concentrations yielding germania/lipid composite nanotubules and the onset of nanometer-sized germania crystals at room temperature with increasing germania content. Phospholipid and germania concentration both influence crystallite size and morphology (i.e., polyhedral, cubic). Germania molecules hydrolyzed on the surface of lipid bilayer bring up to the secondary tubular structure by the self-assembling driving force of the lipid molecules. The fact that the germania crystal morphology formed at higher TEOG concentrations shows no signs of nanoparticle aggregative assembly in the absence of DC8,9-PC suggests that the crystal growth should take place by addition of dissolved species like weakly acidic DC8,9-PC rather than nanoparticles.
Alternative to left ventricular lead implantation through the coronary sinus: 1-year experience with a minimally invasive and robotically guided approach (2016)

The robotic approach was feasible, safe, and minimally invasive. Accordingly, robotically guided LV lead implantation seems to offer a new alternative when conventional approaches are not suitable.
Related Article from Developing Standards for Breakthrough Therapy Designation in Oncology (2023)

Related Article from Developing Standards for Breakthrough Therapy Designation in Oncology
Movie S4 from Cytoplasmic Localization of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Inhibitors May Confer Advantages for Targeted Cancer Therapies (2023)

&lt;p&gt;LNCaP Glu-urea-Lys-HBED-STAR 635P holographic&lt;/p&gt;
Distributed image coding for imformation recovery from the print-scan channel (2008)

A printed photograph is difficult to reuse because the digital pixels that generated it are no longer available. This paper describes approximating the original digital pixels by combining a scan of the printed photograph with small amounts of digital auxiliary information kept with the print, using an encoding such as a dense barcode. The auxiliary information enables accurate registration and color-reproduction, and the recovery of information lost due to the print-scan channel, by distributed source coding techniques. Approximating the original digital image enables many uses, including making high-fidelity reprints, as well as robust watermark detection. A block entropy coder using terminated tree codes for cosets of DCT coefficients is proposed for distributed image coding.
Josephson Junction Stuck-At Fault Detection in SFQ Circuits (2023)

High reliability is an important requirement for all electronic integrated circuits including superconductive systems. Reliability and yield can be categorized by the failure paths, sequence of faults due to a physical failure, and failure mechanism. Determining the defects and faults is essential to enhance the lifetime of superconductive systems. Josephson junctions (JJs) are the base element of single flux quantum systems. The primary contributions described in this article are a set of JJ-based fault models followed by a methodology for developing high-level fault models. Based on these models, test vectors can be generated to detect the type and/or location of these JJ faults.
Phosphodiesterase 11A (PDE11A) Expression in Mouse Tissues and Characterization of a PDE11A Mouse Knock-Out Model (2012)

Phosphodiesterases catalyze the hydrolysis of cyclic nucleotides and maintain physiologic levels of intracellular concentrations of cAMP and cGMP. Increased cAMP signaling has been associated with genetics disorders that lead to adrenocortical tumors and Cushing syndrome. Genetics defects in the phosphodiesterase 11A (PDE11A) are associated with increased levels of cAMP and bilateral adrenal hyperplasia; they also contribute to the development of adrenocortical, prostate, and testicular tumors in the general population. The aim of the present work is to study the expression of Pde11a in mouse tissues, as well as to understand better the Pde11a defect in a previously published Pde11a–/– knockout (KO) mouse model.1A colony of Pde11a–/– (KO), Pde11a+/– (Het) and wild type (wt) mice was studied in a complete phenotypical groß and microscopy pathological study. Molecular, immunohistochemical and biochemical studies were done to determine the function and expression of Pde11a in the tissues of normal and mutant mice. In normal mice higher PDE11A immunoreactivity(PDE11A-IR) was found in small intestine villi, thyroid follicular cells, prostate and spermatocytes; moderate PDE11A-IR in brain, liver hepatocytes, and exocrine pancreas and little, if any, in the pituitary gland. In mutant mice RNA studies showed a reduced Pde11a expression in steroidogenic tissues (adrenals and testis), lung, brain, and liver while prostate and kidney presented comparable expression with normal mice. PDE11A protein expression and activity assays did not show differences among three groups. Pathological studies showed differences: Adrenal subcapsular hyperplasia and foamy cells were more frequent in Het(37.7% and 30.2% respectively, p<0.05) than in wt group (26.3% and 15.8% respectively); Spinal epidermoid cyst in Het (15%) and wt mice (10%); kidney-pelvis interstitial lymphocytes only in KO mice (10.7%, P<0.05). KO mice showed increased absolute and organ specific weight. This study show a clear profile of Pde11a protein expression in endocrine and other mouse tissues, as well as convincing evidence of only partial Pde11a suppression in the previously published KO mouse. These mice developed adrenal hyperplasia and other abnormalities like humans with heterozygote PDE11A defects and partial inactivation of the enzyme. These data support the involvement of PDE11A in the pathogenesis of adrenocortical hyperplasia, but also provide significant insight into a previously reported mouse model.
Antenna concepts for DoA estimation in traffic scenarios (2014)

Within the framework of the project Ko-Tag, various antenna array configurations for Angle of Arrival (AoA) estimation in traffic scenarios in the 5.8 GHz frequency band are investigated. The main objective of the project is the protection of vulnerable road users and vehicle-vehicle-safety using a cooperative sensor technology on the basis of transponder systems. The focus of this study was the dependency of the phase differences of the single antenna elements on the angular coordinates as well as its consideration in AoA estimation.
Analysis of Resistivity Increase in Copper Nanoscale Interconnects Utilizing Monte Carlo Simulation and Optimum Wiring Structure to Suppress Resistivity Increase (2014)

The present work investigated the behavior of resistivity increase in Cu interconnects utilizing Monte Carlo simulation. We developed efficient Monte Carlo method to estimate the size effect on resistivity in nanoscale interconnects structure. In the dimension where line width and film thickness becomes a dimension comparable to the electron mean free path, the multiple interface scattering occurred around the corners of interconnects and it became a dominant factor for the resistivity increase. In terms of interface scattering, controlling Line Edge Roughness (LER) and Line Width Roughness (LWR) is important to suppress the resistivity increase. It is preferable that LER wavelength is longer than electron mean free path and subsequently LWR is minimalized. In terms of grain boundary scattering, enhancing the average grain size is an effective method to suppress the resistivity increase.
Sharp ULP rounding error bound for the hypotenuse function (1999)

The hypotenuse function, <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="z equals StartRoot x squared plus y squared EndRoot"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>z</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msqrt> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>y</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> </mml:msqrt> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">z=\sqrt {x^2+y^2}</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>, is sometimes included in math library packages. Assuming that it is being computed by a straightforward algorithm, in a binary floating point environment, with round to nearest rounding mode, a sharp roundoff error bound is derived, for arbitrary precision. For IEEE single precision, or higher, the bound implies that <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="StartAbsoluteValue z overbar minus z EndAbsoluteValue greater-than 1.222 u l p left-parenthesis z right-parenthesis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo stretchy="false">|</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>z</mml:mi> <mml:mo accent="false">¯<!-- ¯ --></mml:mo> </mml:mover> <mml:mo>−<!-- − --></mml:mo> <mml:mi>z</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo stretchy="false">|</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1.222</mml:mn> <mml:mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mml:mi>u</mml:mi> <mml:mi>l</mml:mi> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>z</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">|\overline z-z|&gt;1.222\, ulp(z)</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> and <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="StartAbsoluteValue z overbar minus z EndAbsoluteValue greater-than 1.222 u l p left-parenthesis z overbar right-parenthesis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo stretchy="false">|</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>z</mml:mi> <mml:mo accent="false">¯<!-- ¯ --></mml:mo> </mml:mover> <mml:mo>−<!-- − --></mml:mo> <mml:mi>z</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo stretchy="false">|</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1.222</mml:mn> <mml:mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mml:mi>u</mml:mi> <mml:mi>l</mml:mi> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>z</mml:mi> <mml:mo accent="false">¯<!-- ¯ --></mml:mo> </mml:mover> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">|\overline z-z|&gt;1.222\, ulp(\overline z)</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>. Numerical experiments indicate that this bound is sharp and cannot be improved.
Sensitized Central Controller of Ventilation in Rats with Chronic Heart Failure Contributes to Hyperpnea Little at Rest but More during Exercise (2006)

Background: To understand the pathophysiologic basis of exercise hyperpnea in chronic heart failure (CHF), we have developed an experimental method quantitatively characterizing ventilatory regulation system in rats. An equilibrium diagram illustrates the characteristics of two subsytems, i.e., the central controller (arterial CO2 tension [PaCO2] to minute ventilation [VE] relationship) and peripheral plant (VE to PaCO2 relationship). In this study, we compared these between normal and CHF rats at rest. Method: In anesthetized 6 postinfarction CHF rats and 6 normal rats, we induced hypercapnia by changing inspiratory CO2 fraction and measured the steady-state PaCO2 to VE relation. We altered VE by varying the level of artificial ventilation and measured the VE to PaCO2 relation. Results: Central controller gain S was significantly lager in CHF rats, confirming clinical observation. The VE at rest (operating point) in CHF was 24 % larger; central hypersensitivity, however, contributed little (6 %) to this increase. Conclusion: Central hypersensitivity alone would not explain hyperpnea at rest in CHF rats. Considering the right and upward shift of VE to PaCO2 relation, central hypersensitivity contributes more to hyperpnea during exercise. The potential difference between normal and CHF rats in exercise-induced changes in controller and plant should be examined to fully understand the mechanism of exercise hyperpnea and to develop a method to attenuate this.
Thin film MOSFET’s fabricated in laser-annealed polycrystalline silicon (1979)

Both depletion- and enhancement-mode MOSFET’s have been fabricated with the active transistor channels in laser-annealed polycrystalline-silicon films. A dose of 3×1012 31P/cm2 was implanted at 100 keV into 0.5-μm-thick poly-silicon films for the depletion-mode device, and a dose of 3×1011 11B/cm2 was used for the enhancement-mode device. The transistors fabricated in the poly-silicon films show electrical characteristics comparable to those of devices in single-crystal silicon. In the depletion-mode device, an electron mobility of ∼450 cm2/Vsec was obtained, and approximately 80% of the phosphorus was electrically active. The surface mobility of electrons was about 340 cm2/V sec in the enhancement-mode device, and a threshold voltage of approximately 2.5 V was obtained.
Cryptococcus neoformans Secretes Small Molecules That Inhibit IL-1β Inflammasome-Dependent Secretion (2020)

<i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> is an encapsulated yeast that causes disease mainly in immunosuppressed hosts. It is considered a facultative intracellular pathogen because of its capacity to survive and replicate inside phagocytes, especially macrophages. This ability is heavily dependent on various virulence factors, particularly the glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) component of the polysaccharide capsule. Inflammasome activation in phagocytes is usually protective against fungal infections, including cryptococcosis. Nevertheless, recognition of <i>C. neoformans</i> by inflammasome receptors requires specific changes in morphology or the opsonization of the yeast, impairing proper inflammasome function. In this context, we analyzed the impact of molecules secreted by <i>C. neoformans</i> B3501 strain and its acapsular mutant <i>Δcap67</i> in inflammasome activation in an <i>in vitro</i> model. Our results showed that conditioned media derived from B3501 was capable of inhibiting inflammasome-dependent events (i.e., IL-1<i>β</i> secretion and LDH release via pyroptosis) more strongly than conditioned media from <i>Δcap67</i>, regardless of GXM presence. We also demonstrated that macrophages treated with conditioned media were less responsive against infection with the virulent strain H99, exhibiting lower rates of phagocytosis, increased fungal burdens, and enhanced vomocytosis. Moreover, we showed that the aromatic metabolite DL-Indole-3-lactic acid (ILA) and DL-p-Hydroxyphenyllactic acid (HPLA) were present in B3501's conditioned media and that ILA alone or with HPLA is involved in the regulation of inflammasome activation by <i>C. neoformans</i>. These results were confirmed by <i>in vivo</i> experiments, where exposure to conditioned media led to higher fungal burdens in <i>Acanthamoeba castellanii</i> culture as well as in higher fungal loads in the lungs of infected mice. Overall, the results presented show that conditioned media from a wild-type strain can inhibit a vital recognition pathway and subsequent fungicidal functions of macrophages, contributing to fungal survival <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> and suggesting that secretion of aromatic metabolites, such as ILA, during cryptococcal infections fundamentally impacts pathogenesis.
Supplementary Movie 5 from Tivantinib (ARQ 197) Exhibits Antitumor Activity by Directly Interacting with Tubulin and Overcomes ABC Transporter–Mediated Drug Resistance (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Tivantinib treated (SK-MEL-28 Fucci).&lt;/p&gt;
Synthetic Inositol Phosphate Analogs Reveal that PPIP5K2 Has a Surface-Mounted Substrate Capture Site that Is a Target for Drug Discovery (2014)

Diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate kinase 2 (PPIP5K2) is one of the mammalian PPIP5K isoforms responsible for synthesis of diphosphoinositol polyphosphates (inositol pyrophosphates; PP-InsPs), regulatory molecules that function at the interface of cell signaling and organismic homeostasis. The development of drugs that inhibit PPIP5K2 could have both experimental and therapeutic applications. Here, we describe a synthetic strategy for producing naturally occurring 5-PP-InsP4, as well as several inositol polyphosphate analogs, and we study their interactions with PPIP5K2 using biochemical and structural approaches. These experiments uncover an additional ligand-binding site on the surface of PPIP5K2, adjacent to the catalytic pocket. This site facilitates substrate capture from the bulk phase, prior to transfer into the catalytic pocket. In addition to demonstrating a "catch-and-pass" reaction mechanism in a small molecule kinase, we demonstrate that binding of our analogs to the substrate capture site inhibits PPIP5K2. This work suggests that the substrate-binding site offers new opportunities for targeted drug design.
Secondary structure propensity and chirality of the amyloidophilic peptide p5 and its analogues impacts ligand binding - In vitro characterization (2016)

Here, polybasic helical peptides, such as peptide p5, bind human amyloid extracts and synthetic amyloid fibrils. When radio labeled, peptide p5 has been shown to specifically bind amyloid <i>in vivo</i> thereby allowing imaging of the disease. Structural requirements for heparin and amyloid binding have been studied using analogues of p5 that modify helicity and chirality.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient and General Enantioselective Synthesis of Some Isoxazole‐Containing Analogues of the Neuroexcitant Glutamic Acid. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Percutaneous vs surgical cryoablation of the small renal mass: is efficacy compromised? (2010)

• Cryoablation has shown acceptable short-term oncological results as a viable strategy for SRMs. • Analysis of the cumulative literature to date shows that surgical and percutaneous cryoablation have similar oncological outcomes.
Deep Learning-Based Optimal RIS Interaction Exploiting Previously Sampled Channel Correlations (2021)

The reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) technology has attracted interest due to its promising coverage and spectral efficiency features. However, some challenges need to be addressed to realize this technology in practice. One of the main challenges is the configuration of reflecting coefficients without the need for beam training overhead or massive channel estimation. Earlier works used estimated channel information with deep learning algorithms to design RIS reflection matrices. Although these works can reduce the beam training overhead, still they overlook existing correlations in the previously sampled channels. In this paper, different from existing works, we propose to exploit the correlation in the previously sampled channels to estimate RIS interaction more reliably. We use a deep multilayer perceptron for this purpose. Simulation results reveal performance improvements achieved by the proposed algorithm.
a-axis growth of YBa2Cu3O7 thin films on LaAlO3 induced by monolayer buffers of PrO2 (1992)

The deposition of an intermediate buffer of praseodymium oxide (PrO2) of only monolayer thickness (about 2 Å) in a two-temperature process results in the growth of almost exclusive epitaxial a-axis oriented YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) on LaAlO3 (100). Under identical experimental conditions, but without the monolayer of PrO2, epitaxial c-axis oriented YBCO films with a critical temperature Tc of 86 K and a transition width of 1 K are obtained. Critical temperatures of these a-axis oriented films are typically 10 K lower than those of the c-axis oriented films. Our findings suggest that a single layer of PrBa2Cu3O7 is formed at the interface, inducing a-axis growth throughout the whole YBCO film.
Wakefield generation and GeV acceleration in tapered plasma channels (2001)

To achieve multi-GeV electron energies in the laser wakefield accelerator (LWFA), it is necessary to propagate an intense laser pulse long distances in a plasma without disruption. One of the purposes of this paper is to evaluate the stability properties of intense laser pulses propagating extended distances (many tens of Rayleigh ranges) in plasma channels. A three-dimensional envelope equation for the laser field is derived that includes nonparaxial effects such as group velocity dispersion, as well as wakefield and relativistic nonlinearities. It is shown that in the broad beam, short pulse limit the nonlinear terms in the wave equation that lead to Raman and modulation instabilities cancel. This cancellation can result in pulse propagation over extended distances, limited only by dispersion. Since relativistic focusing is not effective for short pulses, the plasma channel provides the guiding necessary for long distance propagation. Long pulses (greater than several plasma wavelengths), on the other hand, experience substantial modification due to Raman and modulation instabilities. For both short and long pulses the seed for instability growth is inherently determined by the pulse shape and not by background noise. These results would indicate that the self-modulated LWFA is not the optimal configuration for achieving high energies. The standard LWFA, although having smaller accelerating fields, can provide acceleration for longer distances. It is shown that by increasing the plasma density as a function of distance, the phase velocity of the accelerating field behind the laser pulse can be made equal to the speed of light. Thus electron dephasing in the accelerating wakefield can be avoided and energy gain increased by spatially tapering the plasma channel. Depending on the tapering gradient, this luminous wakefield phase velocity is obtained several plasma wavelengths behind the laser pulse. Simulations of laser pulses propagating in a tapered plasma channel are presented. Experimental techniques for generating a tapered density in a capillary discharge are described and an example of a GeV channel guided standard LWFA is presented.