gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Radio frequency polyphase filter design in 0.13-μm CMOS for wireless communications (2007)

Polyphase filters are an efficient solution for high image rejection and great accuracy quadrature generation in radio frequency (RF) receivers. Analytical modeling of passive polyphase filter suitable for RF front-end applications operating in 2.4 GHz frequency band is dealt with. This analytical analysis has been used to calibrate the optimal values of passive components in order to obtain the maximum image rejection ratio (IRR). Component sizing as well as judicious placement of the basic cell composing the filter has been taken into account during the layout process. Multi-stage RC network has been implemented in 0.13-μm CMOS technology.
Synthesis and graphoepitaxial placement control of block copolymer mediated silver nanoparticles (2011)

Hydantoin (imidazolidinedione) derivatives such as nitrofurantoin are small molecules that have aroused considerable interest recently due to their low rate of bacterial resistance. However, their moderate antimicrobial activity may hamper their application combating antibiotic resistance in the long run. Herein, we report the design of bacterial membrane-active hydantoin derivatives, from which we identified compounds that show much more potent antimicrobial activity than nitrofurantoin against a panel of clinically relevant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. These compounds are able to act on bacterial membranes, analogous to natural host-defense peptides. Additionally, these hydantoin compounds not only kill bacterial pathogens rapidly but also prevent the development of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacterial resistance under the tested conditions. More intriguingly, the lead compound exhibited in vivo efficacy that is much superior to vancomycin by eradicating bacteria and suppressing inflammation caused by MRSA-induced pneumonia in a rat model, demonstrating its promising therapeutic potential.
Compact Thermally Tunable Silicon Racetrack Modulators Based on an Asymmetric Waveguide (2012)

A compact wavelength-tunable 10-Gb/s silicon racetrack modulator with integrated thermo-optic heater is demonstrated by using a waveguide with an asymmetric cross section, combining the compact footprint of microdisk modulators with the design simplicity of regular racetrack or ring modulators. The outer perimeter of the asymmetric racetrack modulator is fully etched to maximize optical confinement, and the inner waveguide edge is shallowly etched to maintain an electrically conductive path to the embedded p-n diode and to control the propagation of the asymmetric optical mode and its coupling to the bus waveguide. The resistive heating elements based on highly doped Si strips are implemented at the outer edge of the modulator for thermo-optic control. The asymmetric modulators can be fabricated along with Si wire waveguides and shallowly etched fiber-grating couplers using a simple process flow involving just two Si-patterning steps. Devices with a bending radius of 10 μm and a novel “T”-shaped p-n diode layout have been fabricated, and exhibit electro-optic modulation and heater efficiencies of 28 pm/V and 42 pm/mW, respectively. At 10 Gb/s, a stable extinction ratio of 10 dB is demonstrated from a 2V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">pp</sub> drive swing, which can be maintained over a wavelength range of 4.6 nm by thermally tuning the modulator. This is equivalent with a temperature variation of about 62°C.
Therapeutic Gene Delivery and Transfection in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells using Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-targeted Gelatin Nanoparticles (2012)

More than 32,000 patients are diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in the United States per year and the disease is associated with very high mortality 1. Urgent need exists to develop novel clinically-translatable therapeutic strategies that can improve on the dismal survival statistics of pancreatic cancer patients. Although gene therapy in cancer has shown a tremendous promise, the major challenge is in the development of safe and effective delivery system, which can lead to sustained transgene expression. Gelatin is one of the most versatile natural biopolymer, widely used in food and pharmaceutical products. Previous studies from our laboratory have shown that type B gelatin could physical encapsulate DNA, which preserved the supercoiled structure of the plasmid and improved transfection efficiency upon intracellular delivery. By thiolation of gelatin, the sulfhydryl groups could be introduced into the polymer and would form disulfide bond within nanoparticles, which stabilizes the whole complex and once disulfide bond is broken due to the presence of glutathione in cytosol, payload would be released 2-5. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-modified GENS, when administered into the systemic circulation, provides long-circulation times and preferentially targets to the tumor mass due to the hyper-permeability of the neovasculature by the enhanced permeability and retention effect 6. Studies have shown over-expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on Panc-1 human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells 7. In order to actively target pancreatic cancer cell line, EGFR specific peptide was conjugated on the particle surface through a PEG spacer.8 Most anti-tumor gene therapies are focused on administration of the tumor suppressor genes, such as wild-type p53 (wt-p53), to restore the pro-apoptotic function in the cells 9. The p53 mechanism functions as a critical signaling pathway in cell growth, which regulates apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, metabolism and other processes 10. In pancreatic cancer, most cells have mutations in p53 protein, causing the loss of apoptotic activity. With the introduction of wt-p53, the apoptosis could be repaired and further triggers cell death in cancer cells 11. Based on the above rationale, we have designed EGFR targeting peptide-modified thiolated gelatin nanoparticles for wt-p53 gene delivery and evaluated delivery efficiency and transfection in Panc-1 cells.
Dissociated Prostate Regeneration under the Renal Capsule (2015)

Tissue recombination models are useful for studying cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis. They also provide an in vivo environment in which to investigate the functional role of stem cells in tissue repair. In this protocol, we describe in detail the dissociated prostate regeneration assay. Dissociated adult murine prostate cells are combined with embryonic urogenital sinus mesenchymal cells and implanted under the renal capsule. Morphological tissue structures with appropriate epithelial-stroma interactions are reconstituted in the grafts.
Dynamics of Polymer Blends of a Strongly Interassociating Homopolymer with Poly(vinyl methyl ether) and Poly(2-vinylpyridine) (2010)

The dynamics of miscible blends of poly(p-(hexafluoro-2-hydroxyl-2-propyl)styrene) (PolyHFS) with poly(vinyl methyl ether) (PVME) and poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VPy) were investigated via broadband dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS). The HFS moiety forms strong intermolecular associations with proton-accepting polymers, while the steric shielding provided by the two CF3 groups minimizes the number of self-associations. The local, glassy state relaxations of PolyHFS and PVME (or P2VPy) are suppressed in the mixtures due to the strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding. When the number of PolyHFS segments is approximately equal to the number of PVME segments, the local relaxation of PVME is undetectable by DRS. Reduced functional group accessability in P2VPy blends lessens the suppression of local relaxations. A single, broadened dynamic glass transition (α relaxation) is observed for each blend. At temperatures above the α process, an additional relaxation is observed, α*, which is assigned to the breaking and re-forming of hydrogen bonds as the chain relaxes. The temperature dependence of this process is related to the strength of the hydrogen bonding and the approximate fraction of intermolecularly associated segments.
Hypervalent iodine(III) catalyzed rapid and efficient access to benzimidazoles, benzothiazoles and quinoxalines: Biological evaluation of some new benzimidazole-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine conjugates (2017)

A rapid, simple and highly efficient method for the synthesis of a variety of 2-aryl-benzimidazoles, 2-aryl-benzothiazoles and quinoxalines has been developed using Koser’s reagent [PhI(OH)OTs] as catalyst. The present work highlights the potential of Koser's reagent ([PhI(OH)OTs]) for the synthesis of benzimidazoles, benzothiazoles and quinoxalines, etc. Short reaction time, high yields, importantly low catalyst loading, broad substrate scope and scalability are the salient features of this methodology. Particularly, this method has been employed successfully to synthesize highly structured indole-benzimidazole and quinoxaline-6-carboxamide derivatives as well as biologically important benzimidazole-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine conjugates in moderate to good yields. These remarkable features make the present methodology a valid contribution to the existing precedents for the synthesis of benzimidazoles, etc. In the MTT assay, benzimidazole-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine conjugates 3s, 3t and 3v were found to be active on MCF-7 (IC50 values of 5.10 ± 0.10, 8.23 ± 0.02, and 10.75 ± 0.03 µM, respectively) and MDA-MB-231 cell lines (IC50 values of 10.83 ± 0.13, 7.68 ± 0.05, and 7.87 ± 0.24 µM, respectively). Flow-cytometry analysis revealed that the treatment of MCF-7 cells with compound 3s showed moderate effect on the progression of G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle.
Discovery of XL335 (WAY-362450), a Highly Potent, Selective, and Orally Active Agonist of the Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) (2009)

Azepino[4,5-b]indoles have been identified as potent agonists of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR). In vitro and in vivo optimization has led to the discovery of 6m (XL335, WAY-362450) as a potent, selective, and orally bioavailable FXR agonist (EC(50) = 4 nM, Eff = 149%). Oral administration of 6m to LDLR(-/-) mice results in lowering of cholesterol and triglycerides. Chronic administration in an atherosclerosis model results in significant reduction in aortic arch lesions.
Real-Time Multiplexed Frequency-Domain Temperature and pH Sensor using a Single Optical Fiber (1998)

Two independent parameters of physiological significance, temperature and pH, were remotely monitored simultaneously in real-time using a single fiber optic probe. The phosphorescence and fluorescence lifetimes of alexandrite and seminaphthofluorescein (SNAFL-2) indicators, respectively, were probed using a dual-frequency synthesized frequency-domain excitation signal. Heterodyne modulation of the fluorescence detector gain recovered the fluorescence emission modulation and phase at both widely separated excitation frequencies simultaneously using low-speed computer A/D hardware. The compact system employed either a green He-Ne laser or a super bright LED for fluorescence excitation. The accuracy of the temperature and pH measurements were 0.31 °C and 0.05, respectively. By choosing appropriate fluorescence indicator lifetimes, additional physiological sensors could be added. This technology has potential applications in minimally invasive medical diagnosis and patient monitoring.
Non-Managed IPv6 Tunnels considered Harmful (2010)

IPv6 is ongoing and natively being deployed by a growing community and
it is important that the quality perception and traffic flows are as
optimal as possible. Ideally it would be as good as the IPv4
perceptive experience. This paper looks into a set of transitional
technologies where the actual user has IPv6 connectivity through the
means of IPv6-in-IPv4 tunnels. A subset of the available tunnels has
the property of being non-managed (i.e. 6to4 [RFC3056] and Teredo
[RFC4380] ). While native IPv6 deployments will keep growing it is
uncertain or even expected that non-managed IPv6 tunnels will be
providing the same user experience and operational quality as managed
tunnels or native IPv6 connectivity. This paper will detail some
considerations around non-managed tunnels and will document the
harmful element of these for the future growth of networks and the
Internet.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhombohedral Form of Li3V2(PO4)3 as a Cathode in Li‐Ion Batteries. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Protein-releasing polymeric scaffolds induce fibrochondrocytic differentiation of endogenous cells for knee meniscus regeneration in sheep (2014)

Regeneration of complex tissues, such as kidney, liver, and cartilage, continues to be a scientific and translational challenge. Survival of ex vivo cultured, transplanted cells in tissue grafts is among one of the key barriers. Meniscus is a complex tissue consisting of collagen fibers and proteoglycans with gradient phenotypes of fibrocartilage and functions to provide congruence of the knee joint, without which the patient is likely to develop arthritis. Endogenous stem/progenitor cells regenerated the knee meniscus upon spatially released human connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and transforming growth factor-β3 (TGFβ3) from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biomaterial, enabling functional knee recovery. Sequentially applied CTGF and TGFβ3 were necessary and sufficient to propel mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells, as a heterogeneous population or as single-cell progenies, into fibrochondrocytes that concurrently synthesized procollagens I and IIα. When released from microchannels of 3D-printed, human meniscus scaffolds, CTGF and TGFβ3 induced endogenous stem/progenitor cells to differentiate and synthesize zone-specific type I and II collagens. We then replaced sheep meniscus with anatomically correct, 3D-printed scaffolds that incorporated spatially delivered CTGF and TGFβ3. Endogenous cells regenerated the meniscus with zone-specific matrix phenotypes: primarily type I collagen in the outer zone, and type II collagen in the inner zone, reminiscent of the native meniscus. Spatiotemporally delivered CTGF and TGFβ3 also restored inhomogeneous mechanical properties in the regenerated sheep meniscus. Survival and directed differentiation of endogenous cells in a tissue defect may have implications in the regeneration of complex (heterogeneous) tissues and organs.
Nuclear repositioning marks the selective exclusion of lineage‐inappropriate transcription factor loci during T helper cell differentiation (2004)

To address how heritable patterns of gene expression are acquired during the differentiation of Th1 and Th2 cells, we analyzed the nuclear position of lineage-restricted cytokine genes and their upstream regulators by 3-dimensional fluorescence in situ hybridization. During Th1 differentiation, GATA-3 and c-maf loci, which encode upstream regulators of Th2 cytokines, were progressively repositioned to centromeric heterochromatin as defined by a gamma-satellite repeat probe and/or the nuclear periphery, compartments that have been associated with transcriptional repression. A third transcription factor locus, T-bet, which controls Th1-specific programs, was subject to de novo CpG methylation in a Th2 cell clone. In contrast, we did not find repositioning of the cytokine gene loci IL-2, IL-3, IL-4 or IFN-gamma during T helper cell differentiation. Instead, IFN-gamma was constitutively associated with the nuclear periphery, even when primed for expression in Th1 cells. Our results suggest that Th1/Th2 lineage commitment and differentiation involve repositioning of the regulators of cytokine expression, rather than the cytokine genes themselves.
Co-ordination between BrlA regulation and secretion of the oxidoreductase FmqD directs selective accumulation of fumiquinazoline C to conidial tissues inAspergillus fumigatus (2014)

Aerial spores, crucial for propagation and dispersal of the Kingdom Fungi, are commonly the initial inoculum of pathogenic fungi. Natural products (secondary metabolites) have been correlated with fungal spore development and enhanced virulence in the human pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus but mechanisms for metabolite deposition in the spore are unknown. Metabolomic profiling of A. fumigatus deletion mutants of fumiquinazoline (Fq) cluster genes reveal that the first two products of the Fq cluster, FqF and FqA, are produced to comparable levels in all fungal tissues but the final enzymatically derived product, FqC, predominantly accumulates in the fungal spore. Loss of the sporulation-specific transcription factor, BrlA, yields a strain unable to produce FqA or FqC. Fluorescence microscopy showed FmqD, the oxidoreductase required to generate FqC, was secreted via the Golgi apparatus to the cell wall in an actin-dependent manner. In contrast, all other members of the Fq pathway including the putative transporter, FmqE - which had no effect on Fq biosynthesis - were internal to the hyphae. The co-ordination of BrlA-mediated tissue specificity with FmqD secretion to the cell wall presents a previously undescribed mechanism to direct localization of specific secondary metabolites to spores of the differentiating fungus.
Novel Functions of Ect2 in Polar Lamellipodia Formation and Polarity Maintenance during “Contractile Ring-Independent” Cytokinesis in Adherent Cells (2007)

Some mammalian cells are able to divide via both the classic contractile ring-dependent method (cytokinesis A) and a contractile ring-independent, adhesion-dependent method (cytokinesis B). Cytokinesis A is triggered by RhoA, which, in HeLa cells, is activated by the guanine nucleotide-exchange factor Ect2 localized at the central spindle and equatorial cortex. Here, we show that in HT1080 cells undergoing cytokinesis A, Ect2 does not localize in the equatorial cortex, though RhoA accumulates there. Moreover, Ect2 depletion resulted in only modest multinucleation of HT1080 cells, enabling us to establish cell lines in which Ect2 was constitutively depleted. Thus, RhoA is activated via an Ect2-independent pathway during cytokinesis A in HT1080 cells. During cytokinesis B, Ect2-depleted cells showed narrower accumulation of RhoA at the equatorial cortex, accompanied by compromised pole-to-equator polarity, formation of ectopic lamellipodia in regions where RhoA normally would be distributed, and delayed formation of polar lamellipodia. Furthermore, C3 exoenzyme inhibited equatorial RhoA activation and polar lamellipodia formation. Conversely, expression of dominant active Ect2 in interphase HT1080 cells enhanced RhoA activity and suppressed lamellipodia formation. These results suggest that equatorial Ect2 locally suppresses lamellipodia formation via RhoA activation, which indirectly contributes to restricting lamellipodia formation to polar regions during cytokinesis B.
Advances in polymer-based dynamic photonic components, modules, and subsystems (2006)

We describe recent advances in optical communication components, modules, and subsystems based on planar polymer technologies. The dynamic organic photonic integrated circuits exhibit ultra low power consumption through thermo-optic actuation for switching, routing, and tuning. The components (switches, optical cross-connects (OXC), variable optical attenuators (VOA), tunable couplers, etc.) have state-of-the-art performance, meet reliability requirements in the telecommunication industry including Telcordia GR-1209 and GR-1221 qualification, and are broadly deployed in the field. The modules and subsystems include variable multiplexers (VMUX) and reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers (ROADM), and they meet the requirements of Telcordia GR-1312 and GR-63 protocols.
An efficient and scalable process to produce morpholine-d8 (2016)

Incorporation of isotopes has long been used as a research tool to label carbons and elucidate biochemical pathways. More recently, H→D exchange has led to analogs of therapeutic agents with improved metabolic stability and properties. Such compounds also have the potential for an improved drug/drug interaction profile and may even avoid the formation of toxic metabolites. Hence, a clear need for an efficient access to deuterated intermediates on large scale has emerged. In the context of an ongoing drug discovery program, we required large quantities of morpholine-d8. We herein report the successful optimization of a one-pot process allowing a near complete exchange of all methylene hydrogens in morpholine to deuterium atoms using D2O as the sole source of deuterium and Raney Nickel as catalyst. This facile and safe protocol will be used to scale up the synthesis of morpholine-d8 in due course.
Supplementary Dataset S1 from Copy Number Loss of 17q22 Is Associated with Enzalutamide Resistance and Poor Prognosis in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Dataset S1 shows the list of copy number gain genes.&lt;/p&gt;
Pentacene Thin-Film Transistors and Inverters with Dual-Gate Structure (2006)

We report on the fabrication of dual-gate organic thin-film transistors using plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposited thick and thick parylene as gate dielectrics and pentacene as a semiconductor. The threshold voltage is changed from 14.5 to when the voltage bias of the top-gate electrode is changed from to . The voltage transfer characteristics of an inverter with a dual-gate driver transistor and a single-gate load transistor, specifically, swing range and inversion voltage, have been artificially controlled by changing the voltage bias of the top-gate electrode.
Intestinal Calcium Transporter Genes Are Upregulated by Estrogens and the Reproductive Cycle Through Vitamin D Receptor-Independent Mechanisms (2003)

Estrogens or hormonal changes during pregnancy or lactation have distinct, vitamin D-independent effects at the genomic level on active duodenal calcium absorption mechanisms, mainly through a major upregulation of the calcium influx channel CaT1. The estrogen effects seem to be mediated solely by ERalpha.
Modifications of Phosphoproteins and Protein Kinases Occurring with in vitro Aging of Cultured Human Cells (1982)

We have studied the age-related modifications of endogenous phosphorylations and protein kinases in seven different strains of cultured human cells (two fibroblastic and five human liver-derived strains). Endogenous phosphorylation of phosphopeptides by cells incubated in the presence of [32P]orthophosphate constantly changed with aging; these modifications could not be explained only by loss of replicative capacity of these cells. Total casein and phosvitin kinase activity did not change in the course of in vitro cell aging. Gel filtration chromatography and autophosphorylation of partially purified kinase preparations, however, seemed to indicate some age-related modifications of protein kinases. Electrophoresis of active enzymes demonstrated that some histone/protamine kinases decreased with aging while a new 3':5'-cyclic AMP-independent histone kinase band appeared progressively. It is proposed that new protein kinase isozymes could correspond to new genes progressively activated during cell aging and could be closely related to cell senescence and death.
Best-First Minimax Search (1996)

This booklet is a worthy successor of the previous Schachcomputerkatalog (see [CCA Journal, Vol
26‐1: Invited Paper: Boron Based Deep Blue TADF Materials and Hyperfluorescence Devices (2021)

We report boron based deep blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) material and its hyperfluorescence devices. Our synthesized TADF materials show EQEs of 30~39% and long device lifetime (LT 90 ) of over 40 hrs at initial luminance of 1,000 cd/m 2 with consideration of the bond dissociation energy and host engineering. The hyperfluorescence device with these TADF hosts shows the high EQE of 39.3% and 19 nm of narrow full width at half medium (FWHM) with maximum peak at 473 nm.