gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structural studies of human CD81 extracellular domain (2005)

Interactions of antibodies and Fc receptors (FcR) play a fundamental role in immunity. However, antibodies and FcR are heavily glycosylated, making it difficult to obtain strongly diffracting crystals. Consequently, most structures for these proteins have been determined at low to medium resolutions (<3.0-2.6 ). Without modifying the carbohydrates, we are developing procedures for generating crystals of immune system glycoproteins that diffract to high resolutions.
ChemInform Abstract: Dramatic Rate Enhancement of Suzuki Diene Synthesis: Its Application to Palytoxin Synthesis. (1987)

Abstract Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 efficiently catalyzes the coupling reaction between the components (I), (VI) and (II), (IV).
Long-term Phase Stabilization of Intense Few-Cycle Pulses (2007)

The authors demonstrated an improved scheme for phase stabilization, in which the feedback loops are independent. The second feedback loop, stabilizing the phase of the amplifier controls the dispersion in the prism-compressor in order to stabilize the phase. This improved scheme not only increases the time period over which phase-stable pulses can be provided, it provides as well a much smaller phase noise. After compressing the phase stabilized 25-fs output pulses from the amplifier to 5 fs in a hollow fiber-chirped mirror compressor, a fraction of the compressed output to measure the carrier envelope phase of the pulses with a phase-detector based on threshold ionization was used.
Compact two-element reconfigurable antenna system for the 470–702 MHz band (2011)

This paper presents a miniature reconfigurable dual-antenna system addressing the UHF band. This system has been introduced for small mobile terminals, where form factor is very important. The whole structure respects some design rules in order to optimize antenna performances from diversity performances point of view. A specific active capacitive load has allowed the impedance reconfigurability and antennas miniaturization. Antenna miniaturization is used to combine radiating structures in an electrically small volume. The use of two antennas could bring good diversity gain to mitigate the fast fading effect introduced by multipath in mobility.
Static Pressure Measurement in a Torque Converter Stater (1991)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The objective of this paper is to experimentally investigate the static pressure field in a torque converter stator. Static pressure is the most reliable and useful quantity to measure since it is based on good fundamental physics and the experimental procedure is simple. Although the automotive torque converter is one of the most complicated turbomachines, static pressure measurement in this device has not been reported in the literature.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Static pressure measurements were made in a stator blade passage. The measurements were taken at 72 locations under several operating conditions. Results show that: 1) the stator pressure field is three-dimensional throughout the whole range of speed ratio conditions, 2) the pressure distribution is poor at the blade tip section, 3) the well-known one-dimensional performance model can not accurately predict the radial distribution of torque from hub to tip, and 4) a two-dimensional inviscid flow model can reasonably predict the static pressure field at the mean radial section.&lt;/div&gt;
Reprogramming the Biosynthesis of Cyclodepsipeptide Synthetases to Obtain New Enniatins and Beauvericins (2015)

Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases are complex multimodular biosynthetic machines that assemble various important and medically relevant peptide antibiotics. An interesting subgroup comprises the cyclodepsipeptide synthetases from fungi synthesizing cyclohexa- and cyclo-octadepsipeptides with antibacterial, anthelmintic, insecticidal, and anticancer properties; some are marketed drugs. We exploit the modularity of these highly homologous synthetases by fusing the hydroxy-acid-activating module of PF1022 synthetase with the amino-acid-activating modules of enniatin and beauvericin synthetase, thus yielding novel hybrid synthetases. The artificial synthetases expressed in Escherichia coli and the fungus Aspergillus niger yielded new cyclodepsipeptides, thus paving the way for the exploration of these derivatives for their bioactivity.
Inverse vulcanization of elemental sulfur with 1,4-diphenylbutadiyne for cathode materials in Li–S batteries (2015)

High sulfur content copolymers were prepared <italic>via</italic> inverse vulcanization of sulfur with 1,4-diphenylbutadiyne (DiPhDY) for use as the active cathode material in lithium–sulfur batteries.
Basic Principles of Photobiology (2007)

Application of photobiology to dermatology relies on knowledge from a wide range of areas, including climatology, photochemistry, cellular and molecular biology, and pathology. These three components of the solar spectrum—ultraviolet (UV), visible, and infrared—are referred to collectively as optical radiation. But it is the UV rays, comprising about 5% of terrestrial sunlight, which hold the greatest interest in photodermatology. The two most common dosimetric terms found in photodermatology are irradiance and dose. The problem of dosimetry in photodermatology lies in the fact that the ability of UV radiation to elicit erythema in human skin depends strongly on wavelength, encompassing a range of four orders of magnitude between 250 and 400 nm. Experiments in which the photoresponse of a material is investigated as a function of irradiance are commonly called reciprocity law experiments. UV and visible photons enter the skin where they may be absorbed by molecules in the epidermis and dermis or scattered by structures, such as collagen fiber bundles.
Nanochemistry On My Mind (2016)

Across the span of my 40-plus-year career, I was fortunate to be involved in the birth and growth of a futuristic field of science that my colleagues and I came to call nanochemistry. The central tenet of nanochemistry is the synthesis of nanoscale materials from the bottom up, literally atom-by-atom. That’s in contrast to sculpting nanostructured materials with a top-down engineering-physics fabrication approach. Today, nanoscale solids and materials filled with nanoscale voids enable a cornucopia of electronic, optical, magnetic, mechanical, and thermal applications. These advances have benefited from what I call the “nano advantage”—the unique properties exhibited by nanoscale materials that are not displayed by molecules or bulk materials of the same chemical composition. Chemistry and nanotechnology are now forever united through nanochemistry. And despite the successes in advanced materials and biomedical technologies society has witnessed, it feels like we are only just getting started. What we have achieved so
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(I)‐Promoted Stille Cross‐Coupling of α‐Stannyl Enol Ethers with Enol Triflates: Construction of Complex Polyether Frameworks. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Synthesis and green phosphorescent OLED device performance of cyanofluorene-linked phenylcarbazoles as host material (2018)

A series of three isomeric bipolar host materials for green phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PhOLEDs) was synthesized from a combination of cyanofluorene and <italic>N</italic>-phenylcarbazole moieties.
Closed-form expressions for effective constitutive parameters: Electrostrictive and magnetostrictive tensors for bianisotropic metamaterials and their use in optical force density calculations (2018)

Using a multiple scattering technique, we derived closed-form expressions for effective constitutive parameters and electro/magneto-strictive tensor components for 2D bianisotropic metamaterials. Using the principle of virtual work, we obtained the electromagnetic stress tensor that can be used to calculate the optical force density inside such media. The analytic expressions are tested against full wave numerical simulations. Our effective medium theory is essential for providing a complete macroscopic description of the optical and opto-mechanical properties of bianisotropic composites.
Complete Genome of the Plant Growth-Promoting RhizobacteriumPseudomonas putidaBIRD-1 (2010)

We report the complete sequence of the 5.7-Mbp genome of Pseudomonas putida BIRD-1, a metabolically versatile plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium that is highly tolerant to desiccation and capable of solubilizing inorganic phosphate and iron and of synthesizing phytohormones that stimulate seed germination and plant growth.
Impact of interconnect variations on the clock skew of a gigahertz microprocessor (2000)

Due to the large die sizes and tight relative clock skew margins, the impact of interconnect manufacturing variations on the clock skew in today's gigahertz microprocessors can no longer be ignored. Unlike manufacturing variations in the devices, the impact of the interconnect manufacturing variations on IC timing performance cannot be captured by worst/best case corner point methods. Thus it is difficult to estimate the clock skew variability due to interconnect variations. In this paper we analyze the timing impact of several key statistically independent interconnect variations in a context-dependent manner by applying a previously reported interconnect variational order-reduction technique. The results show that the interconnect variations can cause up to 25% clock skew variability in a modern microprocessor design.
Analysis and Characterization of Ultra Low Power Branch Predictors (2018)

Branch predictors are widely used to boost the performance of microprocessors. However, this comes at the expense of power because accurate branch prediction requires simultaneous access to several large tables on every fetch. Consumed power can be drastically reduced by operating the predictor under sub-nomimal voltage levels (undervolting) using a separate voltage domain. Faulty behavior resulting from undervolting the predictor arrays impacts performance due to additional mispredictions but does not compromise system reliability or functional correctness. In this work, we explore how two well established branch predictors (Tournament and L-Tage) behave when aggressively undervolted below minimum fault-free supply voltage (Vmin). Our results based on fault injection and performance simulations show that both predictors significantly reduce their power consumption by more than 63% and can deliver a peak 6.4% energy savings in the overall system, without observable performance degradation. However, energy consumption can increase for both predictors due to extra mispredictions, if undervolting becomes too aggressive.
Search for Dark Matter Produced in Association with a Dark Higgs Boson Decaying into W±W∓ or ZZ in Fully Hadronic Final States from s=13  TeV pp Collisions Recorded with the ATLAS Detector (2021)

Several extensions of the Standard Model predict the production of dark matter particles at the LHC. An uncharted signature of dark matter particles produced in association with VV=W^{±}W^{∓} or ZZ pairs from a decay of a dark Higgs boson s is searched for using 139 fb^{-1} of pp collisions recorded by the ATLAS detector at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The s→V(qq[over ¯])V(qq[over ¯]) decays are reconstructed with a novel technique aimed at resolving the dense topology from boosted VV pairs using jets in the calorimeter and tracking information. Dark Higgs scenarios with m_{s}>160 GeV are excluded.
Robust force control system based on fuzzy acceleration control algorithm (2002)

A robust force and compliance control based on a novel acceleration control system is proposed. This acceleration control system is based on a fuzzy algorithm. Using the proposed acceleration controller, the servomotor can be driven by a specified acceleration control command. The structure of this controller is simple and effective for robust force and compliance control. The proposed acceleration control system is realized by a digital signal processor software algorithm, and it regulates the force and compliance to the target environment well.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Lipopolysaccharide rapidly modifies adenosine receptor transcripts in murine and human macrophages: role of NF-κB in A2A adenosine receptor induction (2005)

The A(2A) adenosine receptor (A(2A)AR) mediates anti-inflammatory actions of adenosine in a variety of cell types. LPS (lipopolysaccharide) was reported to induce a small (<2-fold) increase in the expression of A(2A)AR mRNA in human monocytes and monocytic cell lines. We investigated the effects of LPS on the expression of adenosine receptor mRNAs in primary mouse IPMPhi (intraperitoneal macrophages), human macrophages and Wehi-3 cells. Treatment with 10 ng/ml LPS for 4 h produced a >100-fold increase in A(2A)AR mRNA. LPS-induced increases in mRNA for A(2A)AR and TNFalpha (tumour necrosis factor alpha) are reduced by 90% in IPMPhi pretreated with the NF-kappaB (nuclear factor kappaB) inhibitor, BAY 11-7082 {(E)3-[(4-methylphenyl)sulphonyl]-2-propenenitrile; 10 microM}. In Wehi-3 cells exposed to LPS, A(2A)AR and A(2B)AR transcripts are elevated by 290- and 10-fold respectively, the A(1)AR transcript is unchanged and the A(3)AR transcript is decreased by 67%. The induction of A(2A)AR mRNA by LPS is detectable after 1 h, reaches a peak at 6 h at 600 times control and remains elevated beyond 24 h. The ED50 (effective dose) of LPS is 2.3 ng/ml. A(2A)AR receptor number, measured by 125I-ZM241385 binding to whole cells, is undetectable in naïve cells and increases linearly at a rate of 23 receptors x cell(-1) x min(-1) to a B(max) of 348 fmol/mg (28000 receptors/cell) in 20 h. The increase in receptor number is correlated with an increase in the potency of an A(2A) agonist (4-{3-[6-amino-9-(5-ethylcarbamoyl-3,4-dihydroxy-tetrahydro-furan-2-yl)-9H-purin-2-yl]-prop-2-ynyl}-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid methyl ester; referred to as ATL146e) to stimulate cAMP in these cells. After LPS pretreatment, the potency of the A(2A) agonist, ATL146e, to reduce TNFalpha release from IPMPhi was increased by 200-fold. The results support the hypothesis that regulation of adenosine receptor expression, especially up-regulation of the A(2A)AR, is part of a delayed feedback mechanism initiated through NF-kappaB to terminate the activation of human and mouse macrophages.
NMR spectroscopic identification of a hexacyanochromate(III) binding site on Pseudomonas azurin (1984)

Studies of redox reactions between the blue copper protein azurin and inorganic reagents have suggested the formation of discrete complexes between the reaction partners prior to the actual electron-transfer step. To get an insight into the structural nature of the complexes formed, we have studied the interaction (i) between oxidized Pseudomonas aeruginosa azurin and the anion Fe(CN)6(3-) and (ii) between reduced azurin and Cr(CN)6(3-). At low ionic strengths, stoichiometric binding of one Fe(CN)6(3-) ion to the oxidized protein is observed. In the high-resolution proton magnetic resonance spectra of the reduced protein, specific broadening of the assigned residues is observed upon titration with the redox-inert Cr(CN)6(3-) ion. Analysis of this paramagnetic spectral broadening in terms of the three-dimensional structure of the protein has led to the proposal that the binding site of the anions lies approximately midway between lysine residues 85 and 92. Evidence in support of this conclusion is provided by parallel studies on Alcaligenes faecalis azurin, which lacks these lysine residues. A similar site on the surface of Pseudomonas azurin has recently been identified by affinity labeling with chromous ions as an electron-transfer locus [ Farver , O., & Pecht , I. (1981) Isr . J. Chem. 21, 13-17]. The results presented here suggest that this region on the protein surface also may be employed by anionic electron-transfer agents.
P2‐477: Aminopyrimidines as selective γ‐secretase modulators for the potential treatment of AD (2011)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common dementia in elderly. It is characterized by progressive memory loss together with declining activities of daily living and neuropsychiatric symptoms or behavioral changes. In the brain of AD patients extracellular senile plaques composed of ß-amyloid (Aß) peptides, intracellular neurofibrillary tangles consisting mainly of hyperphosphorylated tau proteins and neuronal loss is observed. Gene mutations identified in patients with familial AD result in changes in the production of Ab peptides leading to amyloidosis. Aß is released after the consecutive cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by the two aspartic proteases ß- and -secretase. Therefore -secretase is an attractive target for developing AD drugs. However, inhibition of -secretase also leads to notch related toxicity in the thymus, gut and spleen. To circumvent this liability we screened for compounds which do not inhibit but modulate -secretase activity by shifting the formation of the toxic Aß42 peptide mainly to the formation of the shorter non-toxic Aß fragments. Compound 1 was found as an HTS hit with potent selective -secretase modulatory activity (IC50(Aß42) = 800 nM). In the course of optimization the oxadiazole head group of the screening hit was replaced by an imidazole and the aminothiazole core by an amino pyrimidine leading to compounds 2 and 3 with increased potency (IC50 = 100 nM and 180 nM respectively). These compounds also demonstrate brain activity in a transgenic mouse model for AD as well as significant activity on Ab42 in CSF of non-transgenic rats. We will show compound properties and detailed SAR. Based on the in vivo data and physicochemical properties we performed PK/PD modeling for prediction of human doses.
Vector analysis and performance evaluation of Modular Transformer Converter (MTC) based Convertible Static Transmission Controller (2012)

Modular Transformer Converter (MTC) is the building block to realize a versatile and transportable transmission controller which can perform several functions including power flow control for renewable resources transmission and transformer back-up for disaster management or life extension purposes. This structure has several advantages in comparison with conventional FACTS controllers. Modularity for manufacturers and utilities using standard high power electronic systems is one of the advantages of this structure. Different connecting configuration options (shunt-shunt, series-shunt, and series-series) can be obtained in the transmission controller with the MTC structures. These features allow them to be deployed dispersedly or aggregated to meet power, voltage, VAR and other power systems contingency requirements. In this paper, vector analysis of each mode to determine the operating characteristics of the proposed transmission controller is presented and compared to conventional FACTS controllers. The dynamic performance of the MTC system is further investigated in three different connecting configurations in PSCAD/EMTDC environment.
Nuclear control of early embryonic development in domestic pigs (2020)

In mammals, growing oocytes have characteristically high levels of RNA synthesis. After the initiation of meiosis, that is germinal vesicle breakdown, this RNA synthesis ceases. Although there is limited evidence for RNA synthesis by the zygote, significant amounts of RNA synthesis do not occur until a species-specific cell stage. In pigs, significant amounts of mRNA synthesis cannot be detected before the four-cell stage. There appear to be three qualitatively different periods of transcription during the four-cell stage. The first occurs during a short ( < 2 h) Gl phase. The second, occurs after completion of DNA synthesis (S phase) about 16 h after cleavage to the four-cell stage, and the third occurs about 24 h after cleavage to the four-cell stage. Correlated with these changes in RNA synthesis are changes in nucleolar morphology, amino acid transport characteristics, protein production, mitochondrial morphology, and metabolism of the embryo. The mechanisms that regulate initiation of RNA synthesis in early mammalian embryos appear to repress transcription.
Contrast-enhanced nanofocus computed tomography for virtual 3D histopathology and morphometric analysis of multiple skeletal tissues (2013)

status: Accepted
ActiveMoCap: Optimized Viewpoint Selection for Active Human Motion Capture (2020)

The accuracy of monocular 3D human pose estimation depends on the viewpoint from which the image is captured. While freely moving cameras, such as on drones, provide control over this viewpoint, automatically positioning them at the location which will yield the highest accuracy remains an open problem. This is the problem that we address in this paper. Specifically, given a short video sequence, we introduce an algorithm that predicts which viewpoints should be chosen to capture future frames so as to maximize 3D human pose estimation accuracy. The key idea underlying our approach is a method to estimate the uncertainty of the 3D body pose estimates. We integrate several sources of uncertainty, originating from deep learning based regressors and temporal smoothness. Our motion planner yields improved 3D body pose estimates and outperforms or matches existing ones that are based on person following and orbiting.
Biomolecular Mechanisms of Adaptive Reflectance and Related Biophotonic Systems in Molluscs (2015)

Abstract : We elucidated the complete biomolecular mechanism controlling dynamically tunable reflectance from skin cells of the squid, accomplishing all major objectives of our proposed research, with potential benefit to the Army in identifying new paths for improvements in lightweight solar cells, IR detectors, and recovery of waste heat through thermal photovoltaics. Accordion-like folds in the cell membrane filled with unique reflectin proteins form the lamellae of a tunable Bragg reflector. An acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)-triggered signal transduction cascade activates catalytic phosphorylation of specific amino acids in the reflectin proteins, driving conformational changes in the proteins that activate their condensation and hierarchical assembly. The resulting occlusion of the reflectins surface charges triggers an efflux of small ions across the lamellar membranes, subsequently inducing a Gibbs-Donnan equilibration that drives expulsion of water, shrinking the thickness and spacing of the Bragg lamellae. The result is a simultaneous increase in the intensity of reflectance and a progressive change of color of the reflected light. In related results suggesting a mechanism for improved efficiency of lightweight solar cells, we discovered that Mie-scattering from the reflectin-containing cells in Tridacnid giant clams redirects solar photons deep into the animal s tissues, increasing the efficiency of photosynthesis by endosymbiotic microalgae.