gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A coexistence study of higher chip rate UTRA-TDD and FDD systems in macro cell environment (2005)

The paper is a study of the coexistence of 3.84 Mcps UTRA-FDD and 7.68 Mcps UTRA-TDD that is currently being studied by 3GPP. It is found that there is minimal capacity loss in the UTRA-FDD system due to a 7.68 Mcps UTRA-TDD carrier located in an adjacent carrier frequency, and, similarly, the capacity loss in the UTRA-TDD system due to the adjacent UTRA-FDD system is minimal. The capacity of the UTRA-TDD system is more than 50% greater than that of the UTRA-FDD system.
SAT-261 Prospective Study of the Association between Early Adrenarche and Cognitive Function in Children with Cushing Disease (2019)

Background: Previously, we reported a decline in cognitive scores of children with endogenous Cushing syndrome (CS); however, the generalizability of the findings is limited due to the small sample size. The present study investigated the relationship between change in cognitive scores prior to and one-year post transsphenoidal surgery, with age at initial presentation, duration of illness, and history of premature adrenarche (PA) as covariates. Both cortisol and adrenal androgens have key roles in the organizational and the maturational changes in brain structure and function during adolescence. Method: Prospective study of 41 children (17 females; 12 ±3 yr.) diagnosed with Cushing’s disease (CD), who completed diverse sets of cognitive measures prior to and one-year post-remission: (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) or Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale of Intelligence (WASI), Woodcock Johnson Psychoeducational Battery, California Verbal Learning, and Trail making tests. Linear regression of delta change in IQ test scores (from baseline to 1-year remission) with covariates of age, duration of illness, and history of premature adrenarche was used to analyze the data. Results: At baseline, children with CD had average to above average intelligence. Change in scores from baseline to 1-year remission was significant for performance IQ (PIQ), verbal IQ (VIQ), full IQ (FIQ), subsets: information, similarities, arithmetic, vocabulary, coding, and block design (p<0.01). Younger age at baseline with a history of PA was associated with a greater decrement in scores PIQ VIQ FIQ, coding, and block design(p<0.01). At baseline, serum DHEAS levels were discordant with pubertal stage in subjects <14yrs age; this discrepancy resolved at 1-yr remission. Conclusion: Younger age at baseline was a predictor of decrement in all summary IQ measures and some subset measures (picture completion, coding, & block design, arithmetic), (p < 0.01). Older age at presentation was associated with less of a decline in cognitive function measures, which suggests that after a return to eucortisolemia, the response of older adolescents is more similar to adult CD patients. At baseline, younger children with CD had DHEAS levels discordant with pubertal stage and were more likely to experience cognitive decrement after remission, suggesting that timing of adrenarche is an important moderator of cognitive function in children with CD.
Identifying statistical mimicry attacks in distributed spectrum sensing (2013)

In this work, we consider the spectrum sensing problem in cognitive radio applications where a fusion center collects reports from secondary users (SUs) and fuses them to estimate spectrum occupancy. Some SUs may be malicious and provide false reports. In particular, instead of sensing the spectrum, a malicious SU may use another SU's report in order to reduce their power consumption, or hide their identity and location. We prove that when the identity of mimic SUs is known, the sufficient test statistic for the optimal fusion rule ignores the mimics' reports. We show that the joint distribution of the SU reports can be represented by a graphical model. Based on the structural properties of this graphical model, we design an algorithm to learn its structure and thus identify the mimic SUs in the system. We derive an approximation to the probability of misclassification for our proposed algorithm. Simulation results are provided for evaluating performance.
The Motion Estimator Implementation with Efficient Structure for Full Search Algorithm of Variable Block Size (2009)

The motion estimation in video encoding system occupies the biggest part. So, we require the motion estimator with efficient structure for real-time operation. And for motion estimator's implementation, it is desired to design hardware module of an exclusive use that perform the encoding process at high speed. This paper proposes motion estimation detection block(MED), 41 SADs(Sum of Absolute Difference) calculation block, minimum SAD calculation and motion vector generation block based on parallel processing. The parallel processing can reduce effectively the amount of the operation. The minimum SAD calculation and MED block uses the pre-computation technique for reducing switching activity of the input signal. It results in high-speed operation. The MED and 41 SADs calculation blocks are composed of adder tree which causes the problem of critical path. So, the structure of adder tree has changed the most commonly used ripple carry adder(RCA) with carry skip adder(CSA). It enables adder tree to operate at high speed. In addition, as we enabled to easily control key variables such as control signal of search range from the outside, the efficiency of hardware structure increased. Simulation and FPGA verification results show that the delay of MED block generating the critical path at the motion estimator is reduced about 19.89% than the conventional strukcture.
Re: Host Restriction of Escherichia coli Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection Occurs in a Bacterial Strain-Specific Manner (2019)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey1 Aug 2019Re: Host Restriction of Escherichia coli Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection Occurs in a Bacterial Strain-Specific Manner Anthony AtalaMD Anthony AtalaAnthony Atala More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/01.JU.0000559617.41744.59AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: Host Restriction of Escherichia coli Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection Occurs in a Bacterial Strain-Specific Manner." The Journal of Urology, 202(2), p. 215 Suggested Reading : Susceptibility of immunodeficient gene-knockout mice to urinary tract infection. J Urol 1999; 161: 338. Link, Google Scholar : Congenital immunodeficiencies in mice increase susceptibility to urinary tract infection. J Urol 1993; 149: 922. Link, Google Scholar © 2019 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 202Issue 2August 2019Page: 215-215 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2019 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Anthony Atala More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
The Association of Complication Type with Mortality and Prolonged Stay After Cardiac Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass (2002)

Complications, particularly when they involve organs other than just the heart, increase mortality and prolong the length of hospital stay after heart surgery, independent of a patient's preoperative risk factors and the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass. Strategies aimed at preventing damage to other organs during cardiac surgery need to be improved.
Oncogene expression in small‐cell lung cancer cell lines and a testicular germ‐cell tumor: Activation of the N‐myc gene and decreased RB mRNA (1989)

Abstract N‐myc and L‐myc proto‐oncogenes are expressed in many developing embryonic tissues. In contrast to expression of the closely related c‐myc gene, N‐myc and L‐myc expression is very restricted in adult tissues. We show that small amounts of the L‐myc RNA can be detected in normal adult testicular tissue. A high level of N‐myc expression from a single‐copy N‐myc gene was found in a malignant tumor of the testis, histopathologically defined as a seminoma. This tumor also showed a decrease of mRNA from the retinoblastoma gene (RB), which is ubiquitously expressed in all normal tissues. Strikingly similar results on elevated expression of the L‐myc and N‐myc genes and a lack of RB mRNA have been reported in small‐cell lung cancer cell lines, and are confirmed in our study.
Arc hitecture-Driven Synthesis Techniques for VLSl Implementation of DSP Algorithms (1990)

Digital signal processing (DSP) is a rapidly growing discipline as VLSl technology makes real-time digital algorithms for speech, audio, image processing, video, and control systems economically feasible. Due to the competitiveness of the application field, cutting design time is a key issue for DSP. Silicon compilation is a way to achieve this. In this paper the state of the art of compiling DSP algorithms into silicon is discussed. First it is indicated how digital signal processing differs from numerical data processing, including the consequences on the synthesis tools. Unlike compilers generating general-purpose microprocessors, DSP synthesis requires tools for analysis, optimization and simulation of the bittrue behavior of the algorithm at the highest level. An applicative input language for specifying the behavior of DSP systems is advocated. Based on a wide span of DSP applications, four classes of architectures are distinguished to serve as templates for four different synthesis systems. Although each of these four silicon compilers is tuned to a specific class of applications in order to generate area-efficient chips, they all accept as input the same behavioural DSP specification. The four selected architectural styles are best characterized by the following keywords: hard-wired bitserial data-paths, microcoded multiprocessors, cooperating bitparallel data-paths and, finally, regular arrays. Each of the CATHEDRAL compilers is based on a mixture of knowledge-based architecture generation techniques and algorithmic optimizations. Silicon is generated from technology-updatable libraries of primitive cells, by means of structured module-generators or by using a standard-cell design system. Attention is paid to the assembly of test patterns for the synthesized chips. The CATHEDRAL programs support interactive synthesis for the four abovementioned architectures, all the way from the applicative bit-true specification to silicon. For each compiler the design trajectory starting from a high-level specification down to layout is analyzed in the paper. Each of the CArHEDRALs and their underlying methodology is illustrated with the complete design of a representative example.
Targeting the Double-Strand DNA Break Repair Pathway as a Therapeutic Strategy (2006)

DNA repair pathways are crucial for the maintenance of genome integrity. The pathway that repairs DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) has components involved in both signaling and repairing DNA damage. Impairing DSB repair using specific inhibitors of signaling or repair might, in principle, sensitize tumor cells to particular DNA-damaging agents. Moreover, the existence of specific defects in DNA repair pathways in tumors provides the rationale for the use of "synthetic lethal" approaches targeting this cellular "Achilles' heel." Here, we discuss the mechanisms involved in DSB repair and detail potential therapeutic approaches based on targeting this pathway.
A New Optical System for Holographic Memory Applying a Finite Objective Lens (2008)

We have developed a new objective lens for a holographic storage system to increase areal density. To balance focal length and working distance, we adopted a finite objective lens. By incorporating phase conjugate reproduction into the finite objective lens, we obtained practically applicable and adequate signal quality. We measured shift selectivity and the effect of crosstalk and evaluated book size, which was reduced by ca. 0.8. The areal density was estimated to increase by about 1.6 times when using the new objective lens.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antiplatelet Activity of Novel Arylsulfonate—Acylhydrazone Derivatives, Designed as Antithrombotic Candidates. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An Inertial Sensor-based Trigger Algorithm for Functional Electrical Stimulation-Assisted Swimming in Paraplegics (2019)

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is used to support gait in stroke patients and to induce cycling motions in paralyzed legs. In the current contribution, we present a method that, for the first time, enables FES-supported swimming in paraplegics. The proposed setup includes a waterproof stimulator, cables, and electrodes. In preliminary experiments, flexion and extension movements of the knee were generated in a completely paralyzed subject to support the propulsion. Furthermore, transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) is used to get a straight swimming position and to reduce spasticity of the lower extremities. The developed setting remained dry and safe during all sessions. The first trials revealed the need for a synchronization of the patient's arm movements with the artificially induced leg movements to prevent undesired rolling movements of the swimmer. To enable such a synchronized swimming, a trigger algorithm was developed that is based on the roll angle and angular velocity of the trunk. By experimental validation, it was demonstrated that a functional stimulation pattern can be generated during front crawl movements of the upper body. The new setup and methods are currently being tested during the STIMSWIM pilot study with paraplegics. The preliminary results of the first two subjects show an improvement of the swimming speed of approximately 15% for FES/tSCS assisted swimming compared to non-assisted swimming and a clear training effect over the first 7 sessions.
Biodegradable polymers based on renewable resources. VII. Novel random and alternating copolycarbonates from 1,4:3,6‐dianhydrohexitols and aliphatic diols (2003)

Abstract Novel copolycarbonates containing 1,4:3,6‐dianhydro‐ D ‐glucitol or 1,4:3,6‐dianhydro‐ D ‐mannitol units, with various methylene chain lengths, were synthesized by bulk and solution polycondensations, of several combinations of carbonate‐modified sugar derivatives and aliphatic diols. Bulk polycondensations of 1,4:3,6‐dianhydro‐2,5‐bis‐ O ‐(phenoxycarbonyl)‐ D ‐glucitol or 1,4:3,6‐dianhydro‐2,5‐bis‐ O ‐(phenoxycarbonyl)‐ D ‐mannitol with four α,ω‐alkanediols having methylene chain lengths of 4, 6, 8, and 10, respectively, at 180 °C afforded the corresponding copolycarbonates with number‐average molecular weight ( M n ) values up to 19. 2 × 10 3 . 13 C NMR analysis disclosed that these polymers had scrambled structures in which the sugar carbonate and aliphatic carbonate moieties were nearly randomly distributed along a polymer chain. However, solution polycondensations between 1,4:3,6‐dianhydro‐2,5‐bis‐ O ‐( p ‐nitrophenoxycarbonyl)‐ D ‐glucitol or 1,4:3,6‐dianhydro‐2,5‐bis‐ O ‐( p ‐nitrophenoxycarbonyl)‐ D ‐mannitol, and the α,ω‐alkanediols in sulfolane or dimethyl sulfoxide at 60 °C gave well‐defined copolycarbonates having regular structures consisting of alternating sugar carbonate and aliphatic carbonate moieties with M n values up to 33. 8 × 10 3 . Differential scanning calorimetry demonstrated that all the copolycarbonates were amorphous with glass‐transition temperatures ranging from 1 to 65 °C, which decreased with increasing lengths of the methylene chain of the aliphatic diols. Additionally, all the copolycarbonates were stable up to 310–330 °C as estimated by thermogravimetric analysis. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 2312–2321, 2003
Post‐chemotherapy retroperitoneal teratoma in nonseminomatous germ cell tumors: Do predictive factors exist? Results from a national multicenter study (2016)

PC-RPLND is the standard treatment for any supracentimetric residual lesion. This procedure is associated with a high morbidity, and almost half patients are overtreated. The presence of teratoma and yolk sac tumor in the orchiectomy specimen were independent significant predictors of teratoma in retroperitoneal masses. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:992-996. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Diabetic Considerations in Cerebrovascular Disease (2012)

Diabetes is a global epidemic affecting millions of people and incurring exorbitant costs. Cerebrovascular disease is recognized as the most common long-term cause of morbidity in diabetics. Although the pathophysiology of diabetes has yet to be clearly established, diabetes is an incontestable risk factor for cerebrovascular impairment. It is responsible for a wide spectrum of disease from cognitive impairment to ischemic stroke, which is the predominant cerebrovascular manifestation of diabetes. Many risk factors for stroke prevention have been investigated. Although glycemic control has been the foundation of diabetic management, intensive glycemic control has not proven to reduce the incidence of stroke, although its benefit in preventing microvascular events, such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and peripheral neuropathy, has been observed. The modification of other risk factors, such as hypertension and dyslipidemia, has been shown to decrease the risk for cerebral infarction in this high-risk group. Additionally, advanced carotid disease is a prevalent risk factor for stroke in diabetics. The measurement of carotid intima–media thickness and serum biomarkers may identify diabetic patients with significant carotid atherosclerosis, which increases the risk for transient ischemic attacks and ischemic stroke. Therefore, multifactorial risk management in diabetic patients has proven to be the optimal method for treating diabetic patients at increased potential for developing cerebrovascular disease.
Hardware accelerated simulation tool (HAST) (2005)

Most simulations of communications systems are done using a high-level language such as Matlab or C. As the complexity of these simulations grows and higher performance is expected, the runtime of the simulations becomes unacceptable. A promising solution to this problem is to move frequently executed (bottleneck) sections of the simulation into dedicated hardware that is implemented on field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). An FPGA, coupled with a very high-speed interface to the PC, is an ideal platform for such an accelerator. The system described in this paper is based on a PCI board with multiple Xilinx FPGAs. A typical wireless communications channel can be described as a finite impulse response (FIR) filter with time-varying coefficients. In this paper a FIR filter is implemented using dedicated hardware mapped onto a Xilinx FPGA board. The filter has additional hardware that interpolates between adjacent coefficients for more continuous and realistic results. The same filter is created in optimized Matlab for software simulation. Another common algorithm implemented in modern communication systems is a fast Fourier transform (FFT). This paper compares the software simulation and co-simulation approaches for both the FIR and the FFT blocks. Dramatic improvements in overall simulation throughput are demonstrated by using the hardware accelerator, as opposed to a pure software simulation
Watermarking via optimization algorithms for quantizing randomized image characteristics (2004)

We introduce a novel approach for blind and semi-blind watermarking and apply it to images. We derive randomized robust semi-global features of images in a suitable transform domain (wavelets in case of images) and quantize them in order to embed the watermark. Quantization is carried out by embedding to the host a sequence computed by solving an optimization problem whose parameters are known to the information hider, but unknown to the attacker. We experimentally identify some conditions (our randomization is aimed at achieving them) satisfied by our parameters, which formally and experimentally imply the robustness of our algorithm against malicious optimal estimation attacks. Furthermore, we experimentally show the robustness of our algorithm against many generic benchmark attacks for a large number of images.
GeDi: Generative Discriminator Guided Sequence Generation (2020)

While large-scale language models (LMs) are able to imitate the distribution of natural language well enough to generate realistic text, it is difficult to control which regions of the distribution they generate. This is especially problematic because datasets used for training large LMs usually contain significant toxicity, hate, bias, and negativity. We propose GeDi as an efficient method for using smaller LMs as generative discriminators to guide generation from large LMs to make them safer and more controllable. GeDi guides generation at each step by computing classification probabilities for all possible next tokens via Bayes rule by normalizing over two class-conditional distributions; one conditioned on the desired attribute, or control code, and another conditioned on the undesired attribute, or anti control code. We find that GeDi gives stronger controllability than the state of the art method while also achieving generation speeds more than 30 times faster. Additionally, training GeDi on only four topics allows us to controllably generate new topics zero-shot from just a keyword, unlocking a new capability that previous controllable generation methods do not have. Lastly, we show that GeDi can make GPT-2 (1.5B parameters) significantly less toxic without sacrificing linguistic quality, making it by far the most practical existing method for detoxifying large language models while maintaining a fast generation speed.
Organ transplantation in the vasculitides (2003)

Despite important therapeutic improvements, permanent organ failure may develop in primary systemic vasculitides and affect the heart, the lungs, and especially the kidneys. In systemic vasculitides associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (AASV), end-stage renal failure develops in 20% of cases. Renal transplantation became a beneficial option in these patients, with a graft and patient survival comparable to that in nondiabetic patients. This review summarizes the current knowledge on indications and contraindications for renal transplantation in AASV and discusses the impact of posttransplant immunosuppression on the course of the patients.
Behavior of a photovoltaic inverter under sudden increase in irradiance due to reflection in clouds (2015)

This paper presents the behavior of a photovoltaic inverter under the so-called cloud-edge effect. This effect is a sudden increase of irradiance due to the reflection of the sun in a moving cloud. In response, inverters should limit the active power to prevent tripping on overcurrent or dc overvoltage. A commercial 833kW inverter was tested to ensure a satisfactory performance under these conditions. Several patterns were programmed in a PV simulator emulating what occurs when a cloud moves through the sky in a partially clouded day. Test results confirm the satisfactory performance of the evaluated inverter.