gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermal Desorption–Vocus Enables Online Nondestructive Quantification of 2,4,6-Trichloroanisole in Cork Stoppers below the Perception Threshold (2020)

2,4,6-Trichloroanisole (TCA) contamination of wine determines huge economic losses for the wine industry estimated to amount to several billion dollars yearly. Over 50 years of studies have determined that this problem is often caused by TCA contamination of the cork stopper, which releases TCA into the wine. The human threshold for TCA is extremely low. A wine contaminated by 1-2 ng/L TCA can be perceived as tainted. Contaminations with <0.5 ng/L TCA are commonly considered negligible and are not perceivable. The possibility of prescreening cork stoppers for TCA contamination would be an enormous advantage. Therefore, the demand for a fast, nondestructive method capable of quantifying the TCA contamination in cork stoppers is impelling. Vastly used analytical methods have so far struggled to provide a fast and reliable solution, whereas sensory analysis by trained panelists is expensive and time-consuming. Here we propose a novel approach based on chemical ionization-time-of-flight (CI-TOF) mass spectrometry employing the "Vocus" ion source and ion-molecule reactor. The technique proved capable of nondestructively quantifying TCA contamination in a single cork stopper in 3 s, with a limit of quantification below the perception threshold. A real test on the industrial scale, quantifying TCA contamination in more than 10000 cork stoppers in a few hours is presented, representing the largest data set of TCA analysis on cork stoppers within the literature and proving the possibility to apply the technique in an industrial environment. The correlation with standard methods for releasable TCA quantification is also discussed.
Transcribing radio news (2002)

We have recently extended the capabilities of BBN's large-vocabulary discrete-utterance speech recognition system (BYBLOS) to operate on raw audio recordings of radio news programming. The recordings are given to the system as large monolithic waveforms without any additional side-information. Our goal is to transcribe all speech in the input with the highest accuracy possible. The problem is very challenging because radio news programming has frequent changes in speaker, speaking style, dialect, accent, topic, channel and environmental conditions. Furthermore, the monolithic input presents new problems for recognition algorithms and language models since all useful boundaries (such as speaker turns or sentence ends) are unknown.
Measuring Densities of Solids and Liquids Using Magnetic Levitation: Fundamentals (2009)

This paper describes an analytical system that uses magnetic levitation to measure densities of solids and water-immiscible organic liquids with accuracies ranging from ±0.0002 to ±0.02 g/cm3, depending on the type of experiment. The technique is compatible with densities of 0.8−3 g/cm3 and is applicable to samples with volumes of 1 pL to 1 mL; the samples can be either spherical or irregular in shape. The method employs two permanent NdFeB magnets positioned with like poles facing one another—with the axis between the poles aligned with the gravitational field—and a container filled with paramagnetic medium (e.g., MnCl2 dissolved in water) placed between these magnets. Density measurements are obtained by placing the sample into the container and measuring the position of the sample relative to the bottom magnet. The balance of magnetic and gravitational forces determines the vertical position of the sample within the device; knowing this position makes it possible to calculate the density of the sample.
A 0.8–4-GHz Software-Defined Radio Receiver With Improved Harmonic Rejection Through Non-Overlapped Clocking (2018)

The RF section of a software-defined-radio receiver front-end with harmonic rejection is presented. The proposed mixer-based receiver provides two programmable notches that can be located in any desired frequencies, e.g., the third and fifth harmonics of the sampling frequency in the proposed receiver. These rejections at the third and fifth harmonics are implemented using two RF-signal paths with a non-overlapped clocking strategy. The receiver also shows a good rejection at the seventh harmonic. The circuit is implemented in 130-nm CMOS and operates from a 1.5-V supply. Measurement results show that, for a 1-GHz RF input, the receiver has a harmonic rejection of 45 and 46 dB for the third and fifth harmonics, respectively. Moreover, the rejection of the seventh harmonic is as high as 44 dB for a 0.8-GHz RF input. Verifying the results on four different chips shows less than 2-dB variation in the rejection values. The receiver shows a noise figure of 3.8 dB at a baseband frequency of 5 MHz for a 1-GHz RF signal, with a power consumption of 33 mW.
INSL5 Is a High Affinity Specific Agonist for GPCR142 (GPR100) (2004)

Insulin-like peptide 5 (INSL5) is a peptide that belongs to the relaxin/insulin family, and its receptor has not been identified. In this report, we demonstrate that INSL5 is a specific agonist for GPCR142. Human INSL5 displaces the binding of (125)I-relaxin-3 to GPCR142 with a high affinity (K(i) = 1.5 nM). In a saturation binding assay, (125)I-INSL5 binds GPCR142 with a K(d) value of 2.5 nM. In functional guanosine (gamma-thio)-triphosphate binding and cAMP accumulation assays, INSL5 potently activates GPCR142 with EC(50) values of 1.3 and 1.2 nM, respectively. In addition, INSL5 stimulates Ca(2+) mobilization in HEK293 cells expressing GPCR142 and G alpha(16). Overall, INSL5 behaves as an agonist for GPCR142 similar to relaxin-3. However, unlike relaxin-3, which is also a potent agonist for GPCR135 and LGR7, INSL5 does not activate either GPCR135 or LGR7. INSL5 inhibits (125)I-relaxin-3 binding to GPCR135 with a low potency (K(i) = 500 nM). A functional assay shows that INSL5 (1 microm) is a weak antagonist for GPCR135. In addition, INSL5 (up to 1 microm) shows no affinity or activity at LGR7 or LGR8 either in a binding assay or a bio-functional assay. Previously, we have demonstrated that GPCR142 mRNA is expressed in peripheral tissues, particularly in the colon. Here we show that INSL5 mRNA is expressed in many peripheral tissues, similar to GPCR142. The high affinity interaction between INSL5 and GPCR142 coupled with their co-evolution and partially overlapping tissue expression patterns strongly suggest that INSL5 is an endogenous ligand for GPCR142.
Weight optimization of a machine for airborne wind turbines (2014)

This paper details the weight optimization of the electrical machine required for an Airborne Wind Turbine (AWT) system. Presented investigations include the analysis of the power-to-weight ratio versus efficiency limits, γ-η Pareto fronts, of radial and axial flux machine topologies, by making use of analytical models, describing the electromagnetic and thermal behaviour. A direct search method is employed rather than a cost function minimization algorithm, as the analytical models allow the evaluation of the whole design space in a computationally efficient manner. The results reveal that the best performance in this case is achieved with a radial flux machine with an internal rotor where the magnets are arranged in a Halbach configuration. Including the weight of electromagnetically inactive parts, such as bearings, shaft and housing, a power-to-weight ratio of γ ≈ 6.2 kW/kg (2.8 kW/lb), at an efficiency of η ≈ 96 %, and a rated speed of 3200 r/min is achieved.
Piezoelectric Non-linear Nanomechanical Temperature and Acceleration Intensive Clocks (PENNTAC) (2014)

Abstract : Besides the phase noise (PN) requirement in wireless applications such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and GPS, frequency stability under temperature change is also a very important specification that needs to be satisfied. Although the introduced oscillator using microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) based resonator helps to lower PN and achieve high figure of merit compared to other state-of-the art oscillators, the resonator is the main contributor for frequency variation according to the temperature change. The work accomplished during this effort demonstrated the first fully integrated oven control system to mitigate the temperature effect on the reference clock. It showed low frequency drift (1.5ppm) with the highest resolution sensor (150uK), which meets the most stringent requirement for GPS application. As this system does not require any calibration on the MEMS resonator because of its feedback structure, there is benefit from its characteristics of short test time and time-to-market. It can also lead to lower cost from the product perspective.
Visualizing Archival Collections (2010)

The proposed project will build on the research and prototype development work done in the creation of ArchivesZ. This project has two goals. The first is to design and evaluate interfaces for visualizing aggregated data harvested from EAD encoded archival finding aids. The second is to analyze and develop recommendations for handling issues related to the lack of subject term standardization in the description of archival collections. This will lay the foundation for future work to develop a tool for use in visualizing archival collections from institutions using EAD to encode their finding aids. A tool for visualizing this broad range of archival collections would support both experienced and amateur researchers in their efforts to locate new materials. Any set of archival collections could be evaluated an an aggregated manner. Visualization tools can support discovery of relationships among time periods and subjects that otherwise may never be detected.
Extending ONU lifetime beyond 72 hours in EPON for emergency communications (2012)

The first 72 hours of any disaster relief are critical for saving lives, and are thus referred to as the “golden 72 hours”. In order to extend the optical network unit (ONU) lifetime beyond 72 hours in Ethernet passive optical network (EPON) for emergency communications, this paper proposes proper MAC control, traffic scheduling, and admission control schemes to achieve extremely low energy consumptions of ONUs. Simulation results show that the proposed schemes can efficiently reduce the energy consumptions of ONUs by over 90%. Therefore, the lifetime of an ONU whose battery originally has 8-hour backup time is potentially able to be extended beyond 72 hours.
Sensitive quantification of m.3243A&gt;G mutational proportion in non-retinal tissues and its relationship with visual symptoms (2021)

The m.3243A>G mutation in the mitochondrial genome commonly causes retinal degeneration in patients with maternally inherited diabetes and deafness and mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes. Like other mitochondrial mutations, m.3243A>G is inherited from the mother with a variable proportion of wild type and mutant mitochondrial genomes in different cells. The mechanism by which the m.3243A>G variant in each tissue relates to the manifestation of disease phenotype is not fully understood. Using a digital PCR assay, we found that the % m.3243G in skin derived dermal fibroblasts was positively correlated with that of blood from the same individual. The % m.3243G detected in fibroblast cultures remained constant over multiple passages and was negatively correlated with mtDNA copy number. Although the % m.3243G present in blood was not correlated with severity of vision loss, as quantified by Goldmann visual field, a significant negative correlation between % m.3243G and the age of onset of visual symptoms was detected. Altogether, these results indicate that precise measurement of % m.3243G in clinically accessible tissues such as skin and blood may yield information relevant to the management of retinal m.3243A>G-associated disease.
Production of Immunoglobulins and Their Subunits by Human Tissue Culture Cell Lines (1967)

Summary Tissue culture cell lines established from Burkitt’s lymphoma tissue or from peripheral blood of patients with various forms of leukemia were examined for their ability to incorporate C14-labeled amino acids into serum proteins. Autoradiographs of immunoelectrophoretic patterns showed that the great majority of these cell lines synthesized immunoglobulin(s). The use of antisera specific for individual classes and types of immunoglobulins demonstrated a wide variety in the immunoglobulins produced by the various cell lines. The characteristics of the globulin produced by any given cell line were remarkably constant. Some lines synthesized more than one class of immunoglobulin, often IgM and IgG, though usually only one type of L-chain was produced. The immunoglobulins were frequently of restricted electrophoretic mobility. Analysis of culture fluids in the ultracentrifuge showed that in many cases subunits rather than intact immunoglobulin molecules were produced. Burkitt’s cell lines produced proteins of µ- or L-chain specificities, or combinations of these two, but never proteins with other H-chains. Cell lines derived from patients with lymphatic or myeloid leukemia, however, formed proteins of α-, µ- or γ-, and of L-chain specificities.
Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Shellfish on Short, Wall-Coated Glass Capillary Columns (1976)

Abstract Analysis of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) was carried out by gas chromatography employing short, wall coated capillary columns. The samples were injected directly onto a short precolumn of the splittless injector system and detected by flame ionization. Excellent reproducibility, high sensitivity and high resolution between individual isomers of PAH's, in comparison to regular packed columns, were obtained. A detailed description of the requirements for routine usage of laboratory-made glass capillary columns and their application to environmental samples is described.
Identification of α-glucosidase inhibitors fromcyclocarya paliurustea leaves using UF-UPLC-Q/TOF-MS/MS and molecular docking (2019)

Leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus (CP) have a potential antihyperglycemic effect, but its active compositions responsible for the beneficial properties remain unclear. The CP extract exhibited remarkable α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 31.5 ± 1.05 μg mL-1, much lower than that of the positive control acarbose (IC50 = 296.6 ± 1.06 μg mL-1). To identify the specific α-glucosidase inhibitors from the CP extract, affinity ultrafiltration coupled with ultra-performance liquid chromatography and quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UF-UPLC-Q/TOF-MS/MS) was developed and 11 potential α-glucosidase inhibitors from CP extract were identified. In vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory assay verified that quercetin-3-O-glucuronide, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside, quercetin, kaempferol, asiatic acid and genistein were primarily responsible for the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the CP extract. Further, a hypoglycemia test also verified that these α-glucosidase inhibitors had the potential to reduce post-prandial hyperglycaemia in C57BL/6 mice. Moreover, the molecular docking study revealed that these identified α-glucosidase inhibitors more easily occupy the active sites of α-glucosidase than does the positive control acarbose. These findings suggest the CP tea leaves are the potential source of a hypoglycaemic agent.
Figure S1 from TEM8/ANTXR1-Specific CAR T Cells as a Targeted Therapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;TEM8 distribution in normal tissues&lt;/p&gt;
Influenza B Virus Ribonucleoprotein Is a Potent Activator of the Antiviral Kinase PKR (2009)

Activation of the latent kinase PKR is a potent innate defense reaction of vertebrate cells towards viral infections, which is triggered by recognition of viral double-stranded (ds) RNA and results in a translational shutdown. A major gap in our understanding of PKR's antiviral properties concerns the nature of the kinase activating molecules expressed by influenza and other viruses with a negative strand RNA genome, as these pathogens produce little or no detectable amounts of dsRNA. Here we systematically investigated PKR activation by influenza B virus and its impact on viral pathogenicity. Biochemical analysis revealed that PKR is activated by viral ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) complexes known to contain single-stranded RNA with a 5'-triphosphate group. Cell biological examination of recombinant viruses showed that the nucleo-cytoplasmic transport of vRNP late in infection is a strong trigger for PKR activation. In addition, our analysis provides a mechanistic explanation for the previously observed suppression of PKR activation by the influenza B virus NS1 protein, which we show here to rely on complex formation between PKR and NS1's dsRNA binding domain. The high significance of this interaction for pathogenicity was revealed by the finding that attenuated influenza viruses expressing dsRNA binding-deficient NS1 proteins were rescued for high replication and virulence in PKR-deficient cells and mice, respectively. Collectively, our study provides new insights into an important antiviral defense mechanism of vertebrates and leads us to suggest a new model of PKR activation by cytosolic vRNP complexes, a model that may also be applicable to other negative strand RNA viruses.
New NBTI Lifetime Prediction Method for Ultra Thin SiO2 Films (2006)

Abstract not Available.
Localization of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 mRNA in mouse tissues (2004)

The enzyme 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17beta-HSD) type 1 catalyzes the conversion of estrone (E1) into 17beta estradiol (E2). To gain information about the cellular localization of 17beta-HSD mRNA type 1 expression, we performed in situ hybridization using a 35S-labeled cRNA probe in several tissues of adult mice of both sexes. In the ovary, high expression was found in granulosa cells of growing follicles. No specific labeling could be observed in corpora lutea or interstitial cells. In the pituitary gland of animals of both sexes, 17beta-HSD type 1 mRNA was expressed in the intermediate lobe melanotrophs while no specific signal could be detected in the anterior or posterior lobes of the pituitary. In the prostate, 17beta-HSD type 1 mRNA was exclusively found in the epithelial cells. In both male and female mouse dorsal skin, a specific hybridization signal was seen in the sebaceous glands while the epidermis, stroma, hair follicles and sweat glands were unlabeled. In the testis, a hybridization signal was detected in germ cells of the seminiferous tubules, Leydig cells being unlabeled. The present data indicate that E2 can be formed through the action of 17beta-HSD type 1 in specific cells of the gonads and peripheral tissues. In the testes and peripheral tissues, the action of E2 is probably limited to the cells involved in its formation in an intracrine fashion.
Figure S2 from PET Reporter Gene Imaging and Ganciclovir-Mediated Ablation of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells in Solid Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S2 shows characterization of B7H3-sr39tk CAR phenotypic subsets&lt;/p&gt;
Cover Picture: Fabrication of Stable Metallic Patterns Embedded in Poly(dimethylsiloxane) and Model Applications in Non‐Planar Electronic and Lab‐on‐a‐Chip Device Patterning (Adv. Funct. Mater. 4/2005) (2005)

Abstract A composite image is shown that highlights examples of device architectures that either incorporate or exploit polymer‐embedded metallic microstructures. In work reported by Nuzzo and co‐workers on p. 557, new applications of soft lithography, in conjunction with advanced forms of multilayer metallization, are used to construct these exceptionally durable structures. They are suitable for use in non‐planar lithographic patterning, and as device components finding applications ranging from microelectronics to Lab‐on‐a‐Chip analytical systems. This article describes the fabrication of durable metallic patterns that are embedded in poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) and demonstrates their use in several representative applications. The method involves the transfer and subsequent embedding of micrometer‐scale gold (and other thin‐film material) patterns into PDMS via adhesion chemistries mediated by silane coupling agents. We demonstrate the process as a suitable method for patterning stable functional metallization structures on PDMS, ones with limiting feature sizes less than 5 μm, and their subsequent utilization as structures suitable for use in applications ranging from soft‐lithographic patterning, non‐planar electronics, and microfluidic (lab‐on‐a‐chip, LOC) analytical systems. We demonstrate specifically that metal patterns embedded in both planar and spherically curved PDMS substrates can be used as compliant contact photomasks for conventional photolithographic processes. The non‐planar photomask fabricated with this technique has the same surface shape as the substrate, and thus facilitates the registration of structures in multilevel devices. This quality was specifically tested in a model demonstration in which an array of one hundred metal oxide semiconductor field‐effect transistor (MOSFET) devices was fabricated on a spherically curved Si single‐crystalline lens. The most significant opportunities for the processes reported here, however, appear to reside in applications in analytical chemistry that exploit devices fabricated using the methods of soft lithography. Toward this end, we demonstrate durably bonded metal patterns on PDMS that are appropriate for use in microfluidic, microanalytical, and microelectromechanical systems. We describe a multilayer metal‐electrode fabrication scheme (multilaminate metal–insulator–metal (MIM) structures that substantially enhance performance and stability) and use it to enable the construction of PDMS LOC devices using electrochemical detection. A polymer‐based microelectrochemical analytical system, one incorporating an electrode array for cyclic voltammetry and a microfluidic system for the electrophoretic separation of dopamine and catechol with amperometric detection, is demonstrated.
Design and synthesis of new thermally reversible photoresponsive polymers (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDesign and synthesis of new thermally reversible photoresponsive polymersJames F. Cameron and Jean M. J. FrechetCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 5, 1088–1095Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00005a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00005a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views133Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts