gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Targeting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 and Protein Kinase D1 Related Pathways by a Multiple Kinase Inhibitor in Angiogenesis and Inflammation Related Processes In Vitro (2015)

Emerging evidence suggests that the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and protein kinase D1 (PKD1) signaling axis plays a critical role in normal and pathological angiogenesis and inflammation related processes. Despite all efforts, the currently available therapeutic interventions are limited. Prior studies have also proved that a multiple target inhibitor can be more efficient compared to a single target one. Therefore, development of novel inflammatory pathway-specific inhibitors would be of great value. To test this possibility, we screened our molecular library using recombinant kinase assays and identified the previously described compound VCC251801 with strong inhibitory effect on both VEGFR2 and PKD1. We further analyzed the effect of VCC251801 in the endothelium-derived EA.hy926 cell line and in different inflammatory cell types. In EA.hy926 cells, VCC251801 potently inhibited the intracellular activation and signaling of VEGFR2 and PKD1 which inhibition eventually resulted in diminished cell proliferation. In this model, our compound was also an efficient inhibitor of in vitro angiogenesis by interfering with endothelial cell migration and tube formation processes. Our results from functional assays in inflammatory cellular models such as neutrophils and mast cells suggested an anti-inflammatory effect of VCC251801. The neutrophil study showed that VCC251801 specifically blocked the immobilized immune-complex and the adhesion dependent TNF-α -fibrinogen stimulated neutrophil activation. Furthermore, similar results were found in mast cell degranulation assay where VCC251801 caused significant reduction of mast cell response. In summary, we described a novel function of a multiple kinase inhibitor which strongly inhibits the VEGFR2-PKD1 signaling and might be a novel inhibitor of pathological inflammatory pathways.
Selective Catalytic Reduction Control with Multiple Injectors (2017)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Over the past decade urea-based selective catalytic reduction (SCR) has become a leading aftertreatment solution to meet increasingly stringent Nitrogen oxide (&lt;i&gt;NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/i&gt;) emissions requirements in diesel powertrains. A common trend seen in modern SCR systems is the use of "split-brick" configurations where two SCR catalysts are placed in thermally distinct regions of the aftertreatment. One catalyst is close-coupled to the engine for fast light-off and another catalyst is positioned under-floor to improve performance at high space velocities. Typically, a single injector is located upstream of the first catalyst to provide the reductant necessary for efficient &lt;i&gt;NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/i&gt; reduction. This paper explores the potential benefit, in terms of improved &lt;i&gt;NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/i&gt; reduction, control of &lt;i&gt;NH&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; slip or reduced reductant consumption, of having independently actuated injectors in front of each catalyst. A dynamic programming approach is used to find optimal dosing strategies for both single and multiple injector installations over standard drive cycles. The resulting &lt;i&gt;NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;NH&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; emissions for each case are compared in simulation to provide insight into the conditions where multiple injectors provide the greatest benefit. With these ideal settings, a second injector is found to be advantageous in situations where the control authority of a single injector is restricted but provide limited benefit elsewhere.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Nickel‐Catalyzed Allylic Substitution of Simple Alkenes (2011)

This report describes a nickel-catalyzed allylic substitution process of simple alkenes whereby an important structural motif, a 1,4-diene, was prepared. The key to success is the use of an appropriate nickel-phosphine complex and a stoichiometric amount of silyl triflate. Reactions of 1-alkyl-substituted alkenes consistently provided 1,1-disubstituted alkenes with high selectivity. Insight into the reaction mechanism as well as miscellaneous application of the developed catalytic process is also documented.
A survey and new results in renegotiated service (1997)

To use a network service class, an application must determine which service is suitable and provide a concise description of traffic characteristics required by the service class. Applications may find it difficult to do this if accurate a priori knowledge of traffic is not available or if the traffic characteristics will change over time. Both of these difficulties can be addressed by a renegotiated service that supports changes in the traffic contract over time. We focus in this paper on applications that have known, but changing, service requirements, thus they can use off-line processing. We survey existing work and present new algorithms for determining when to renegotiate the service and what new traffic contract to supply. We evaluate the performance of our work and the work of others using a common set of application streams.
5.94 Tbit/s (40x2x2x40 Gbit/s) Capacity of a FBG-based Multichannel Tunable –700 to –1200 ps/nm Dispersion Compensator (2006)

Article 5.94 Tbit/s (40x2x2x40 Gbit/s) Capacity of a FBG-based Multichannel Tunable –700 to –1200 ps/nm Dispersion Compensator was published on February 1, 2006 in the journal Journal of Optical Communications (volume 27, issue 1).
Seed layer synthesis effect on the concentration of interface defects and emission spectra of ZnO nanorods/p‐GaN light‐emitting diode (2016)

As the low‐temperature aqueous chemical synthesis (LT‐ACS), holds great promises for the synthesis of one‐dimensional (1D) ZnO nanostructure‐based light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) and hence require parameter tuning for optimal performance. N‐ZnO nanorods (NRs)/p‐GaN heterojunction LEDs have been synthesized by the LT‐ACS using ZnO nanoparticle (NPs) seed layers prepared with different precursor solutions. The effect of these seed layers on the interface defect properties and emission intensity of the as‐synthesized n‐Zn/p‐GaN heterojunction LEDs has been demonstrated by spatially resolved cathodoluminescence (CL) and electroluminescence (EL) measurements, respectively. A significant reduction of the interface defects in the n‐ZnO NRs/p‐GaN heterostructure synthesized from a seed layer prepared from zinc acetate (ZnAc) with a mixture of potassium hydroxide (KOH) and hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) (donated as ZKH seed) compared with those prepared from ZnAc and KOH (donated as ZK seed) is observed as revealed by spatially resolved CL. Consequently, the LEDs based on n‐ZnO NRs/p‐GaN prepared from ZKH seed show an improvement in the yellow emission (∼578 nm) compared to that based on the ZK seed as deduced from the electroluminescence measurements. The improvement in the yellow EL emission on the ZKH LED probably attributed to the low presence of the non‐radiative defect as deduced by light‐output current ( L – I ) characteristics analysis.
Preparation and characterisation of CaO-Bi<SUB align="right">2O<SUB align="right">3 complex oxide (2012)

Ca4Bi6O13 powders prepared from a citric acid complex were characterised by X–ray diffraction, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra and specific surface area measurements. In a citric acid complex method, the single phase of Ca4Bi6O13 crystal was obtained at 700°C in air. The Ca4Bi6O13 powders calcined at 700°C for 12 h had a crystallite size of 68 nm and a specific surface area of 1.05 m²/g. The optical band gap of Ca4Bi6O13 was estimated to be 2.82 eV. The type of optical transition was direct and this result was consistent with the prediction by a first–principles energy band calculation. The Ca4Bi6O13 powders showed a distinct photocatalytic decomposition of methylene blue under visible light irradiation (a wavelength ≥ 420 nm). The visible light response photocatalysis may be ascribed to the small band gap energy, the direct optical transition, and a fairly wide dispersion of the top of the valence band.
Stereochemical Determination of Archazolid A (Ia) and B (Ib), Highly Potent Vacuolar‐Type ATPase Inhibitors from the Myxobacterium Archangium gephyra. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
ChemInform Abstract: De Novo Design, Synthesis, and Biological Activities of High‐Affinity and Selective Non‐Peptide Agonists of the δ‐Opioid Receptor. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Analysis of the 14;18 translocation in cutaneous lymphomas using the polymerase chain reaction (1992)

A series of 25 cutaneous B-cell lymphoid proliferations was analyzed for the presence of the (14; 18) translocation using the polymerase chain reaction. Junctional sequences of rearranged chromosomes 14 and 18 were amplified in vitro, and t (14; 18) specific sequences were detected in 1 of 14 primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas, in 3 of 8 primary nodal B-cell lymphomas and in none of 3 B-cell pseudolymphomas. These results indicate that the t (14; 18) may occur in a small subset of primary cutaneous lymphoma. However, the difference in incidence of the t (14; 18) between primary nodal and primary cutaneous lymphomas suggests that different molecular mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of these lymphomas.
Scalable ECG Compression for Long-Term Home Health Care (2005)

Most current Holter devices monitor the ECG for 24 to 72 hours. However, for the accurate diagnosis of many cardiac diseases, especially for the wide variety of asymptomatic cases, continuous ECG monitoring for weeks or even months may be required. In this paper, we focus on the issue of ECG compression during long-term monitoring of the patient. The patient may be at home, at work, or even on a trip. A scalable compression scheme is proposed which ensures optimal signal quality given the limited physical storage on the wearable device. When necessary, the signal quality is progressively and gently degraded in order to adapt to environmental and the patient's conditions. Details of the proposed scheme are described and sample results are presented.
Probing the surface of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: immunoelectron microscopic studies to localize cyanogen bromide fragment 2 in gonococcal pili (1989)

Common epitopes accessible to antibody on purified macromolecules or structurally altered gonococci may not be accessible to antibody when those macromolecules are in their native state on the surface of intact organisms. To determine the immunologic accessibility of cyanogen bromide fragment 2 (CNBr2), a portion of the gonococcal pilin molecule that is common to all gonococcal strains on the surface of viable gonococci, probes composed of specific CNBr2 antibodies linked to gold spheres were manufactured. When whole piliated gonococci were exposed to these anti-CNBr2 immunological probes and examined using transmission electron microscopy, no significant marketing of native pili was evident. These probes, however, detected CNBr2 in purified form. The epitopes encompassed within the CNBr2 portion of pili appear to be inaccessible to anti-CNBr2 probes within native gonococcal pili.
Carbonic anhydrases CA1 and CA4 function in atmospheric CO2-modulated disease resistance (2020)

Carbonic anhydrases CA1 and CA4 attenuate plant immunity and can contribute to altered disease resistance levels in response to changing atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> conditions. β-Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) play an important role in CO<sub>2</sub> metabolism and plant development, but have also been implicated in plant immunity. Here we show that the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae and application of the microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP) flg22 repress CA1 and CA4 gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana. Using the CA double-mutant ca1ca4, we provide evidence that CA1 and CA4 play an attenuating role in pathogen- and flg22-triggered immune responses. In line with this, ca1ca4 plants exhibited enhanced resistance against P. syringae, which was accompanied by an increased expression of the defense-related genes FRK1 and ICS1. Under low atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> conditions (150 ppm), when CA activity is typically low, the levels of CA1 transcription and resistance to P. syringae in wild-type Col-0 were similar to those observed in ca1ca4. However, under ambient (400 ppm) and elevated (800 ppm) atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> conditions, CA1 transcription was enhanced and resistance to P. syringae reduced. Together, these results suggest that CA1 and CA4 attenuate plant immunity and that differential CA gene expression in response to changing atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> conditions contribute to altered disease resistance levels.
Overview of variable-angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE): II. Advanced applications (1999)

A preceding companion paper provides a general introduction to Variable Angle Spectroscopic Ellipsometry (VASE), and also describes many typical applications of the technique. In this paper, more advanced VASE applications are discussed. These applications rely on recent advances in ellipsometric hardware, which allow extremely accurate ellipsometric data to be acquired over a broad spectral range, from the IR to VUV. This instrumentation can also quantitatively measure the optical response of nonisotropic samples. Advanced data analysis techniques are also presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterogeneous Catalysis by Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Graphene (2013)

Abstract Review: 115 refs.
On dynamic access control in Web 2.0 and beyond: Trends and technologies (2011)

The Web in the Internet today—especially when it comes to the Internet of Things and cloud computing—is the Web of resources. A photo album, an appointment calendar, a telephone bill, a health record are all resource examples, listed here in the increasing order of expected privacy protection. A few properties of these resources define the roles of three major actors: The resources belong to their owner, they are hosted by the service provider, and they increasingly need to be shared (say, to support mash-up) with consumers. Owners authorize consumers' access to their resources, which providers then grant to the consumers upon authenticating them and checking for proper authorization. In the past, this was achieved by maintaining an access control list for each resource at the service provider. Typically, such a list specifies all consumers along with their privileges. Emerging trends in social networking and cloud computing require elasticity, or, in other words, the ability to grant resource access to new consumers on the fly. Naturally, this comes with ever-increasing requirements for privacy, which dictate strong authentication of all actors involved as well as cryptographic protection of the involved communication sessions. We share the industry expectation that the technology that solves the above problem will be a major enabler for applications based on technologies that range from social networking, to video-on-demand, to health care, to smart metering, and—especially—to cloud computing. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art technologies, including the emerging Open Authorization Protocol (OAuth) 2.0, and presents our own solution in this space, which removes an intermediary and gives the owner of a resource immediate control over defining access to that resource.
A Model of Trust, Moods, and Emotions in Multiagent Systems and its Empirical Evaluation (2014)

Abstract : We study the interplay of moods, emotions, and trust in decision-making contexts characterized by commitments among agents. We develop a general approach representing the relationships among these concepts via a Bayesian network model. Our approach incorporates insights from the literature and provides a computational methodology for identifying improved Bayesian models. Based on observations from an empirical study, we motivate a refined Bayesian model involving the above-mentioned concepts that goes beyond the relationships known in the literature. Our findings include (1) the violation of a commitment affects trust more than its satisfaction; (2) goal satisfaction affects mood and emotion more than commitment satisfaction, but the outcome of a commitment affects trust more than the outcome of a goal; and (3) an agent's prior mood and trust affect whether it satisfies its commitments.
Development of a landslide detection surveillance system (2022)

A landslide is a natural disaster that causes deaths and loss of life and property. Before the main landslide, several characteristic precursor events like the fall of small stones and rocks occur up to ~180sec before the actual landslide. In this paper, we propose a landslide surveillance system. The surveillance system input is processed by an image processing algorithm that continuously monitors the area and detects and tracks any such precursor events of a landslide. The system issues an alert as soon as it detects any such event. The proposed system requires cheap, low-frame rate cameras, and less memory and bandwidth - making it an effective landslide warning system.
Chattering reduction and error convergence in the sliding-mode control of a class of nonlinear systems (1996)

To reduce chattering in sliding-mode control, a boundary layer around the switching surface is used, and a continuous control is applied within the boundary. The effects of various control laws within the boundary layer on chattering and error convergence in different systems are studied. New functions for chattering reduction and error convergence inside the boundary layer are proposed which are discontinuous in magnitude but not in sign. The internal model principle has been used to generalize the design for the class of nonlinear systems being considered.
A large kinetic isotope effect in the reaction of ascorbic acid with 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide (PTIO˙) in aqueous buffer solutions (2020)

A large kinetic isotope effect (KIE, kH/kD) of 12.8 was observed for the hydrogen-transfer reaction from ascorbic acid to 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide (PTIO˙) in a phosphate buffer solution (0.05 M, pH/pD 7.0) at 298 K. The isotopic difference in the activation energies (6.8 kJ mol-1) determined from the temperature dependence of the KIE suggests that quantum mechanical tunneling may partly play a role in the reaction, although the isotopic ratio of the Arrhenius prefactor (AH/AD = 0.86) is within the semiclassical limits.
Two-Phase Model for Subcritical Oxidation of Aqueous Wastes in a Deep-Well Reactor (1993)

A mathematical model is developed for deep-well oxidation of waste waters. The model includes description of the two-phase flow which makes it suitable for the study of the subcritical operation of the deep-well process. It also accounts for the variation of thermodynamic and transport properties with temperature and pressure. The model is used to examine the steady-state behavior of the subcritical deep-well oxidation reactors. The effects of the inlet flow rate, feed concentration of organics, excess of oxygen injected in the reaction mixture, inlet pressure, reactor length, scale thickness, and heat losses from the reactor on the exit conversion and bottom temperature are examined. The simulations show that under practical conditions the reactor exhibits multiple steady-states and very high destruction efficiencies are obtained if the reactor is operated on the ignited steady-state. It is also found that the maximum flow rate is limited by the oxidation kinetics and very low or even no pressurizing of the inlet stream is required for steady-state operation. There exists an optimal excess of oxygen injected to the reaction mixture. The mathematical model as well as software developed provide a very useful tool for a preliminary design of the deep-well reactor process.
A phase Ib/II study of oral nanatinostat (N) and valganciclovir (VG) in subjects with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated lymphomas. (2019)

7551 Background: Nanatinostat (N; VRx-3996) is a Class I-selective oral hydroxamate histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor active against HDAC 1-3, but not HDAC 6. N induces expression of EBV thymidine kinase (TK, BXLF1) and protein kinase (PK, BGLF4) in EBV+ lymphomas. This study examines if N+VG results in tumor sensitization to antivirals (i.e., VG) and impacts EBV-induced T-cell exhaustion. Methods: The study employs a 3+3 design with expansion in patients (pts) with relapsed/refractory EBV+ lymphomas (EBER-ISH). Objectives: Maximal Tolerated Dose (MTD), Recommended Phase 2 Dose (RP2D), and efficacy. Primary endpoint: safety. Secondary endpoints: PK, response rate. Exploratory endpoints: PBMC histone H3 acetylation (Ac), quantitative plasma EBV DNA (pEBVd), and immune biomarkers. Responses (investigator-assessed and centrally-reviewed) are based on the Lugano Classification. Early safety and efficacy data are reported. Results: As of 10-Jan-2019, 15 pts (4F/11M, median age 60 yrs [19-79]) were enrolled with a median of 2 prior therapies and various lymphoma subtypes. Cohort 1 (N 10 mg BID/VG 900 mg BID) exceeded MTD (DLTs: leukopenia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia). PK demonstrated ~2-fold higher N exposure compared to a prior study. VG levels were consistent with published data. Doses were reduced in Cohort 2 (N 5 mg BID/VG 450 mg BID) with no DLTs to date and 3 active pts. Most non-hematologic treatment-related AEs (TRAEs) were G1-2. Most G3+ TRAEs were hematologic (neutropenia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia). Increases in creatinine occurred early and responded to reductions in VG. Among 7 evaluable pts, 4 responses were seen (2 CR, 2 PR) in PTLD, DLBCL, AITL, and plasmablastic lymphoma. Two pts had SD, and 1 PD. Of 8 pts with detectable baseline pEBVd, 7 demonstrated a reduction (median -54% [17 to -83%]). PBMC H3 Ac levels, multi-cytokine expression panel, and functional assessments in CD8+ T cells are in progress. Conclusions: N+VG appears well-tolerated at 5 mg and 450 mg BID, respectively with hematologic DLTs in a higher dose cohort. Responses are observed at all doses in both B and T cell lymphomas, with reductions in pEBVd levels and changes in T cell functionality. A RP2D will be defined prior to dose expansion. Clinical trial information: NCT03397706.
The experimental investigation of thermal conductivity and the Wiedemann–Franz law for single metallic nanowires (2009)

A new method for the measurement of thermal conductivity of electrically conducting single nanowires is presented. First experimental investigations are focused on the thermal conductivity of metallic Pt nanowires with a diameter of (typically) 100 nm and a length of 10 microm. Thermal conductivity data are compared with measurements of electrical conductivity in order to test the Wiedemann-Franz law for metallic nanowires. Compared to the bulk values at room temperature, electrical and thermal conductivities of the nanowire are decreased by a factor of 2.5 and 3.4, respectively. Consequently, the Lorenz number L = lambda/sigmaT = 1.82 x 10(-8) V(2) K(-2) of the nanowire is smaller than the bulk Lorenz number L(bulk) = (pi(2)/3)(k/e)(2) = 2.44 x 10(-8) V(2) K(-2) of metals. Furthermore, the temperature coefficient beta of electrical resistivity is also reduced compared to the bulk value. These decreases of lambda, sigma and beta can be attributed to size effects, mainly caused by grain boundary scattering of electrons.