gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DNA aneuploidy in follicular adenomas of the thyroid gland. (1986)

The nuclear DNA content of 67 follicular adenomas and 7 adenomatous goiters was determined by flow cytometry. The DNA analysis was done with the use of paraffin-embedded tissue, but in 14 cases of follicular adenoma fresh material obtained by fine needle aspiration biopsy was also available. An abnormal DNA stemline was found in 27% (18/67) of the adenomas and in 1 (14%) of the adenomatous goiters. Four (29%) of the 14 adenomas analyzed from fresh samples were aneuploid. In none of the 12 aneuploid or 40 diploid adenomas followed for more than 5 years (mean, 7.2 years) did distant metastases develop after surgical removal of the adenoma. The paraffin blocks of cases with DNA aneuploidy were sectioned subserially at 1-mm intervals, but none of these tumors showed invasion into the capsule or blood vessels. It is concluded that DNA aneuploidy is common in histologically benign follicular adenomas of the thyroid, and that DNA aneuploidy does not appear to be associated with adverse prognosis in follicular adenomas if the tumor is surgically removed.
Preparation of n‐butyl‐2‐(2′‐triphenylmethyltetrazol‐5‐yl)phenylborinic acid (1995)

Abstract Understanding the mechanism of formation of an impurity in the key step of the synthesis of Losartan ( 1 ) helped devise a procedure to synthesize the title compound in high yield.
Group velocity matching in high-order harmonic generation driven by mid-infrared lasers (2016)

We analyze the role of group-velocity matching (GVM) in the macroscopic build up of the high-harmonic signal generated in gas targets at high pressures. A definition of the walk-off length, associated with GVM, in the non-perturbative intensity regime of high-harmonic generation is given. Semiclassical predictions based on this definition are in excellent agreement with full quantum simulations. We demonstrate that group velocity matching is a relevant factor in high harmonic generation and the isolation of attosecond pulses driven by long wavelength lasers and preferentially selects contributions from the short quantum trajectories.
The Activation of Fibroblast Growth Factors (FGFs) by Glycosaminoglycans: Influence of the Sulfation Pattern on the Biological Activity of FGF‐1 (2003)

Six synthetic heparin-like oligosaccharides have been used to investigate the effect of the oligosaccharide sulfation pattern on the stimulation of acidic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-1) induced mitogenesis signaling and the biological significance of FGF-1 trans dimerization in the FGF-1 activation process. It has been found that some molecules with a sulfation pattern that does not contain the internal trisaccharide motif, which has been proposed for high affinity for FGF-1, stimulate FGF-1 more efficiently than those with the structure of the regular region of heparin. In contrast to regular region oligosaccharides, in which the sulfate groups are distributed on both sides of their helical three-dimensional structures, the molecules containing this particular sulfation pattern display the sulfate groups only on one side of the helix. These results and the fact that these oligosaccharides do not promote FGF-1 dimerization according to sedimentation-equilibrium analysis, confirm the importance of negative-charge distribution in the activation process and strongly suggest that FGF dimerization is not a general and absolute requirement for biological activity.
Metabolic engineering and applications of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) (1995)

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) have been recognized for many years as naturally occurring biodegradable plastics. The PHA plastics range from those that resemble polypropylene to other that are more elastomeric. A fundamental understanding of the genetic and biochemical pathways involved in PHA synthesis has now made it possible to produce PHAs commercially at an attractive cost and scale, using Metabolix`s transgenic technology. This technology, which was pioneered at The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, allows PHAs to be produced in the short-term by highly efficient fermentation systems, and ultimately, in plant crops. Production of PHAs in plant crops offers the promise of costs competitive with petroleum derived polymers. Millions of acres of transgenic plant crops could provide millions of tonnes of PHAs, increasing the use of renewable resources, and decreasing the U.S. reliance on imported oil. Furthermore, through the production of new PHA products, this technology provides new outlets to expand the U.S. industrial agricultural base. An overview of the scientific and industrial importance of PHAs, including the molecular genetics, biosynthesis, applications, and markets for these materials will be presented.
Optical Analysis of Combustion and Soot Formation in a CI Engine Fuelled with Water in Diesel Emulsion through Microchannels Emulsification (2018)

International audience
Material-assisted metamaterial: a new dimension to create functional metamaterial (2017)

A high Q-value reflective type metasurface consisting of 1D Au nanorods, a SiO<sub>2</sub> spacer and a Au back reflector is demonstrated. It is shown that the sideband of the resonant mode can be suppressed as the resonant wavelength close to the phonon absorption of SiO<sub>2</sub>. By combining both designed structured resonance and inherent property of the based materials, a low angle-dependent metasurface with a Q-value of 40 has been demonstrated. The proposed structure will be useful for high sensitivity sensing and narrow band thermal emitter.
Intumescent Biobased-Polylactide Films to Flame Retard Nonwovens (2009)

The work focuses on the development of a new process to flame retard nonwovens, using films based on renewable resources. Films consist in intumescent formulations of polylactic acid (PLA), ammonium polyphosphate (APP) blended with lignin or starch and are coated on hemp or wool nonwovens. The objective of this study was to investigate the fire retardant and mechanical properties of textiles protected by FR PLA films for potential use in building applications. Horizontal and vertical flame spread tests as well as cone calorimetry tests show that flammability properties of nonwovens are significantly improved. Better mechanical properties are also obtained with coated nonwovens.
Antifungal therapy and length of hospitalization in transplant patients with invasive aspergillosis (2013)

The impact of antifungal therapy on economic outcomes in patients with invasive aspergillosis (IA) needs further exploration. The purpose of this study was to describe antifungal therapy and factors associated with hospital length of stay (LOS) in transplant patients with IA. Patients were enrolled from March 2001 to October 2005 and IA cases identified through March 2006 from a sub-group of patients in the Transplant Associated Infection Surveillance Network (TRANSNET). Factors associated with hospital LOS were determined by logistic regression analysis. Of 361 patients, the mean age was 49 years, 60.7% were male, and 63% were hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients. Primary monotherapy was used in 233 (64.5%) patients, of which voriconazole (93/233, 39.9%) was most commonly used antifungal. Primary combination therapy was used in 128 (35.4%) of 361 patients, with voriconazole plus caspofungin (81/361, 22.4%) the most frequently employed. Mean duration of therapy was 115 days (HSCT 109.7; solid organ transplant [SOT] 125.3). Mean hospital LOS was 35.3 days (HSCT 38.7; SOT 29.7). Regression analysis identified disseminated IA, neutropenia, malnutrition and length of ICU stay as factors associated with increased hospital LOS. Initial voriconazole use was associated with decreased LOS. Further investigation on impact of antifungal therapy on economic outcomes is needed.
Blue-green and green phosphors for lighting applications (2023)

Embodiments of the present techniques provide a related family of phosphors that may be used in lighting systems to generate blue or blue-green light. The phosphors include systems having a general formula of: ((Sr.sub.1-zM.sub.z).sub.1-(x+w)A.sub.wCe.sub.x).sub.3(Al.sub.1-ySi.s- ub.y)O.sub.4+y+3(x-w)F.sub.1-y-3(x-w) (I), wherein 0&lt;x.ltoreq.0.10, 0.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.5, 0.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.0.5, 0.ltoreq.w.ltoreq.x, A is Li, Na, K, Rb, or Ag or any combinations thereof, and M is Ca, Ba, Mg, Zn, or Sn or any combinations thereof. Advantageously, phosphors made accordingly to these formulations maintain emission intensity across a wide range of temperatures. The phosphors may be used in lighting systems, such as LEDs and fluorescent tubes, among others, to produce blue and blue/green light. Further, the phosphors may be used in blends with other phosphors, or in combined lighting systems, to produce white light suitable for illumination.
Attenuated Total Reflection Infrared Difference Spectroscopy (ATR-IRDS) for Quantitative Reaction Monitoring (2012)

Monitoring of chemical reactors is key to optimizing yield and efficiency of chemical transformation processes. Aside from tracking pressure and temperature, the measurement of the chemical composition is essential in this context. We present an infrared difference spectroscopy approach for determining the reactant (cyclooctene) and product (cyclooctane) concentrations during a catalytic hydrogenation reaction in the solvent cyclohexane, which is present in large excess. Subtracting the spectrum of the pure solvent from the reactor mixture spectra yields infrared (IR) spectra, which can ultimately be evaluated using a curve-fitting procedure based on spectral soft modeling. An important feature of our evaluation approach is that the calibration only requires recording the pure component spectra of the reactants, products, and solvent. Hence, no time-consuming preparation of mixtures for calibration is necessary. The IR concentration results are in good agreement with gas chromatography measurements.
STUDIES ON TRYPSIN INHIBITORS (1978)

The synthesis by fragment condensation of protected peptides corresponding to the amino acid sequences 15-35, 25-52 and 15-52 of porcine pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor II (Kazal type) is described. The Rudinger modification of the azide procedure was used in the fragment coupling steps. The tert-butyloxycarbonylheptapeptide hydrazide (sequence 22-28) was reacted with the heptapeptide methyl ester free base (sequence 29-35) and the resulting tert-butyloxycarbonyltetradecapeptide methyl ester after selective deprotection, coupled with the benzyloxycarbonylheptapeptide hydrazide (sequence 15-21) to give the protected peptide methyl ester corresponding to the 15-35 sequence which was then converted to the corresponding hydrazide. The synthesis of the 25-52 sequence was achieved by assembling the protected peptide hydrazide corresponding to the amino acid residues 25-35, with the C-terminal heptadecapeptide 36-52. The resulting protected octaeicosapeptide (sequence 25-52) was selectively deblocked with trifluoroacetic acid and acylated with the benzyloxycarbonyldecapeptide hydrazide 15-24 to give the desired octatriacontapeptide corresponding to sequence 15-52 of the inhibitor. An attempt to prepare the 15-52 sequence through the condensation of fragments corresponding to 15-35 and 36-52 sequences was unsuccessful. The identity and purity of the synthetized peptide derivatives wre established by elemental analysis (in some cases), amino acid analysis, optical rotation, and thin-layer chromatography in two solvent systems. The final products were also evaluated, after partial deprotection with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride or aqueous 90% trifluoroacetic acid, by paper electrophoresis at different pH values.
Full-Duplex System Hardware Implementation (2017)

In this chapter we outline recent hardware development of full-duplex transceivers. The focus is on the development of compact full-duplex transceivers suitable for wireless communication systems. Isolation between the transmitter and receiver chains is limited when using the same antenna for transmitting and receiving. This kind of antenna sharing requires excellent performance of analog and digital cancellation techniques to mitigate self-interference. Therefore, full-duplex technology is more likely to be implemented first in access points and relays that may accommodate separate transmitter and receiver antenna arrays to improve passive isolation. This makes the task of analog and digital cancellation easier, although they are still needed because passive isolation is generally not enough in the case of compact devices. Wireless relays may be preferred, because they have inherent traffic symmetry irrespective of uplink and downlink traffic ratio, and the gains from full-duplex operation are largest when the traffic is symmetric.
Synthesis of (meth)acrylate water-borne latexes using amino-acid based surfactants: effect of surfactant on film properties (2012)

The rapidly increasing concern over environmental changes necessitates the employment of ecologically friendly surfactants for use in emulsion polymerisation without, however, compromising the latex stability or the properties of the cast films. To this end, three series of water-borne, lightly cross-linked latexes based on methyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate were prepared by free radical emulsion polymerisation. 1,4-Butanediol diacrylate served as the cross-linker. Each of the latex series was stabilised by one anionic, amino-acid based surfactant, namely: sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (SLSar), sodium myristoyl sarcosinate (SMSar) and sodium lauroyl glutamate (SLGlu). For comparison purposes, latexes stabilised by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were also prepared. Within each family, the monomer-to-surfactant molar ratio was varied systematically, whereas the monomer and initiator contents were kept constant in all cases. The hydrodynamic radii (Rh) and the radii of gyration (Rg) of the particles were found to systematically increase with increasing monomer-to-surfactant molar ratio. Films prepared from the SLSar and SDS stabilized latexes were investigated in terms of their optical and thermomechanical properties using transmittance experiments, differential scanning calorimetry, tensile strength and creep experiments. Optimal thermomechanical properties were observed for a particular monomer-to-surfactant molar ratio. Moreover, for the same monomer-to-surfactant molar ratio, the SLSar-based films exhibit remarkable resistance to breaking compared to their SDS counterparts that are relatively fragile.
Engineering Biological-Based Vascular Grafts Using a Pulsatile Bioreactor (2011)

Engineering Biological-based Vascular Grafts Using A Pulsatile Bioreactor - Video. JoVE publishes peer-reviewed scientific video protocols to accelerate biological, medical, chemical and physical research. Watch our scientific video articles. JoVE is the world-leading producer and provider of science videos with the mission to improve scientific research, scientific journals, and education. Millions of scientists, educators and students at thousands of universities, colleges, hospitals and biopharmaceutical companies worldwide use JoVE for their research, teaching and learning.
Dimensionality-controlled Mott transition and correlation effects in single-layer and bilayer perovskite iridates (2013)

We studied Sr${}_{2}$IrO${}_{4}$ and Sr${}_{3}$Ir${}_{2}$O${}_{7}$ using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, making direct experimental determinations of intra- and intercell coupling parameters as well as Mott correlations and gap sizes. The results are generally consistent with LDA+$U$+spin-orbit coupling calculations, though the calculations missed the momentum positions of the dominant electronic states and neglected the importance of intercell coupling on the size of the Mott gap. The calculations also ignore the correlation-induced spectral peak widths, which are critical for making a connection to activation energies determined from transport experiments. The data indicate a dimensionality-controlled Mott transition in these 5$d$ transition-metal oxides.
BGP Path Marking (2013)

Network Working Group
Internet-Draft 
Intended status: Standards Track 
Expires: January 12, 2014
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-bgp-path-marking-00
Preface to the second edition (2013)

While 802.11n was a revolutionary enhancement over 802.11a/g, and necessitated an entire book for proper presentation of the new technology, 802.11ac is more of an evolutionary improvement over 802.11n by providing wider bandwidth channels and multi-user MIMO. As such we felt that the treatment of new 802.11ac features could be addressed by a few extra chapters in an update of our original 802.11n book, now an 802.11n/ac book.
A Generalized Join Algorithm. (2011)

Database query processing traditionally relies on three alternative join algorithms: in-dex nested loops join exploits an index on its inner input, merge join exploits sorted inputs, and hash join exploits differences in the sizes of the join inputs. Cost-based query optimi-zation chooses the most appropriate algorithm for each query and for each operation. Un-fortunately, mistaken algorithm choices during compile-time query optimization are com-mon yet expensive to investigate and to resolve. Our goal is to end mistaken choices among join algorithms by replacing the three tra-ditional join algorithms with a single one. Like merge join, this new join algorithm exploits sorted inputs. Like hash join, it exploits different input sizes for unsorted inputs. In fact, for unsorted inputs, the cost functions for recursive hash join and for hybrid hash join have guided our search for the new join algorithm. In consequence, the new join algorithm can replace both merge join and hash join in a database management system. The in-memory components of the new join algorithm employ indexes. If the database contains indexes for one (or both) of the inputs, the new join can exploit persistent indexes instead of temporary in-memory indexes. Using database indexes to match input records, the new join algorithm can also replace index nested loops join. Results from an implementation of the core algorithm are reported. 1
Palladium Complexes of 1,3,5,7‐Tetramethyl‐2,4,8‐trioxa‐6‐phenyl‐6‐phosphaadamantane: Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Use in the Suzuki and Sonogashira Reactions and the α‐Arylation of Ketones. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Dynamic PET/CT imaging of 18F-(2S, 4R)4-fluoroglutamine in healthy volunteers and oncological patients. (2020)

<sup>18</sup>F-FGln images may further supplement the diagnostic ability of <sup>18</sup>F-FDG in cancer patients and detect metabolic changes in different tumors. Furthermore, the imaging time for <sup>18</sup>F-FGln PET/CT needs to be optimized for different cancer types to improve the contrast resolution of tumors.
Oriented Lamellar Structure and Pore Formation Mechanism in CSX-Processed Porous High-Density Polyethylene (2006)

Characterization of pore structure and pore wall crystal structure was performed on porous high-density polyethylene (HDPE) material using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and electron diffraction (ED). The porous HDPE material was obtained through crystallization from swollen cross-linked polyethylene gels (CSX process1) in supercritical propane. SEM showed an open-pore structure of micron-sized pores, large void fraction, and surface area as well as thin yet rigid pore walls, making this material a good candidate for a variety of applications. TEM revealed oriented lamellar structure in the pore walls which was much different from structures found in typical bulk HDPE as well as that of the cross-linked HDPE before CSX processing. Electron diffraction results confirmed the presence of oriented lamellar stacking. On the basis of this oriented lamellar structure, possible mechanisms for crystallization and pore formation are suggested.
Cell Surface Antigens: Serial Sectioning of Single Cells as an Approach to Topographical Analysis (1971)

The topographical distribution of H-2 antigens on the surfaces of C57BL/6 mouse thymocytes and lymph-node lymphocytes was investigated by a new technique. Single cells were reacted with visually labeled antibody directed against H-2 antigen. Each cell was processed for electron microscopy individually and was serially sectioned. Models constructed from serial electron micrographs provided detailed views of the entire cell surface and showed that H-2 antigen occurs on thymocytes in small isolated regions and on lymphocytes in large interconnected regions.
Automating System Configuration (2021)

The increasing complexity of modern configurable systems makes it critical to improve the level of automation in the process of system configuration. Such automation can also improve the agility of the development cycle, allowing for rapid and automated integration of decoupled workflows. In this paper, we present a new framework for automated configuration of systems representable as state machines. The framework leverages model checking and satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) and can be applied to any application domain representable using SMT formulas. Our approach can also be applied modularly, improving its scalability. Furthermore, we show how optimization can be used to produce configurations that are best according to some metric and also more likely to be understandable to humans. We showcase this framework and its flexibility by using it to configure a CGRA memory tile for various image processing applications.
Effect of porcine arterial elastin peptide to the moisture content of mice skin (2009)

ブタ大動脈よりエラスチンの酵素加水分解ペプチド（エラスチンペプチド）を調製し，その摂取が皮膚にもたらす影響について検討した．生後7週の雄ヘアレスマウスにエラスチンペプチドなどの試料を経口投与し，63日間の飼育を行った．皮膚老化モデルとして光老化モデルを採用し，週3回の頻度で紫外線を照射した．照射52日目および55日目にエラスチンペプチドとコラーゲンペプチドを混合投与した群およびコラーゲンペプチド投与群において，皮膚水分量が照射対照群に比べて有意に上昇し，エラスチンペプチドの単独投与群において上昇傾向が認められた．エラスチンペプチドやコラーゲンペプチドの単独投与に比べ，皮膚中の存在比やそれに近い比での混合投与による相乗効果が得られ，光老化に対する皮膚症状の改善が認められた．つまり，エラスチンペプチドがコラーゲンペプチドの摂取による皮膚水分量の上昇効果を増強することが示唆された．
Automatic Body Part Measurement of Dressed Humans Using Single RGB-D Camera (2016)

In the near future online shopping might be the main channel to purchase clothes. However, it is often problematic to buy clothes without trying them first. We present a novel methodology to measure human body parts that allows users to wear loose clothes during this process. This allows anyone at home or on the go to measure themselves and use the results with their 3D model to comfortably shop online. Reducing the risk of buying clothes that will not fit and making the online shopping experience more satisfying. We first scan the user on a single pose that allows better visualization of the waist and then measure four parts: chest, waist and low hip girths and height. Then, we use an API to compute the rest of the measurements. Clothes sizes differ in 4 to 5 cm and our results indicate an offset error of less than 4 cm. Hence, meeting our target immersive shopping use cases.
Sequential Broadening of CTL Responses in Early HIV-1 Infection Is Associated with Viral Escape (2007)

A continuous dynamic development of CTL responses was associated with viral escape from temporarily effective immune responses. Our results suggest that broad CTL responses often represent footprints left by viral CTL escape rather than effective immune control, and help explain earlier findings that fail to show an association between breadth of CTL responses and viral load. Our results also demonstrate that CTL pressures help to maintain certain elements of consensus viral sequence, which likely represent viral escape from common HLA-restricted CTL responses. The ability of HIV to evolve to escape CTL responses restricted by a common HLA type highlights the challenges posed to development of an effective CTL-based vaccine.