gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Live-cell protein labelling with nanometre precision by cell squeezing (2016)

Live-cell labelling techniques to visualize proteins with minimal disturbance are important; however, the currently available methods are limited in their labelling efficiency, specificity and cell permeability. We describe high-throughput protein labelling facilitated by minimalistic probes delivered to mammalian cells by microfluidic cell squeezing. High-affinity and target-specific tracing of proteins in various subcellular compartments is demonstrated, culminating in photoinduced labelling within live cells. Both the fine-tuned delivery of subnanomolar concentrations and the minimal size of the probe allow for live-cell super-resolution imaging with very low background and nanometre precision. This method is fast in probe delivery (∼ 1,000,000 cells per second), versatile across cell types and can be readily transferred to a multitude of proteins. Moreover, the technique succeeds in combination with well-established methods to gain multiplexed labelling and has demonstrated potential to precisely trace target proteins, in live mammalian cells, by super-resolution microscopy.
Broadband monopole Yagi–Uda antenna (2001)

Abstract A broadband Yagi–Uda antenna composed of several monopole elements is proposed. By locating the director close to the excited element and superposing the characteristics of the reflector in a lower band to those of the director in a higher band, a broadband property is obtained for both the input impedance and the unidirectional pattern. Analysis by the method of moments indicates that the Yagi–Uda antenna (type 1) composed of three monopole elements has a bandwidth of 1:1.67 for VSWR ≤ 2, 1:1.84 for G d / G r ≥ 9 dB , and more than one octave for G d ≥8 dBi , where G d and G r denote the directive gains in the front and back directions, respectively. It is also shown that the Yagi–Uda antenna (type 4) composed of five monopole elements has about one octave for a bandwidth of VSWR ≤ 2 and G d ≥8 dBi . © 2001 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 85(1): 49–57, 2002
FPGA timing, power, signal integrity and other challenges at 65 and 45 nm (2008)

Summary form only given. The steady march towards smaller feature sizes has made ASIC design, modeling and verification increasingly more challenging. FPGAs present an even greater challenge, since this analysis work must be performed on the user desktop, at the push of a button and for any design, without over-burdening users with the details. In this talk, I will present a brief overview of a few of the modeling, analysis and optimization challenges Altera has faced and overcome on 65nm and 45nm devices. I will touch on modeling and simultaneous optimization across timing corners, hold-time modeling and optimization, on-die variation and jitter, end-of-life effects, metastability analysis, advanced power management techniques, and simultaneous switching noise.
Cryotherapy Causes Extensive Breakdown of the Blood-Retinal Barrier (1985)

Using computerized vitreous fluorophotometry (VFP) in pigmented rabbits, we examined two modalities frequently used in retinal reattachment surgery, cryotherapy and argon laser photocoagulation, for their effect on the blood-retinal barrier. The VFP readings were taken 2 mm posterior to the lens one hour after intravenous injection of 14 mg/kg of fluorescein sodium. After baseline fluorophotometry readings, rabbits were treated with confluent cryotherapy over the inferior 180 degrees in one eye and with confluent laser over an equivalent area of retina in the other eye. The VFP readings were taken 2, 4, 6, and 15 days after treatment. By day 6, the VFP reading had risen from a pretreatment value of 6.4 +/- 0.4 ng/mL to 41.8 +/- 7.9 ng/mL in the cryotherapy-treated eyes as opposed to 15.5 +/- 3.1 ng/mL in the laser-treated eyes. By day 15, the readings were almost back to baseline, and there was no significant difference between the two treatment groups. These data suggest that there is a significant breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier with both modalities, but that it is considerably more severe with cryotherapy.
Editorial: Antibody Therapeutics for the Treatment of Filoviral Infection (2022)

EDITORIAL article Front. Immunol., 18 February 2022Sec. Vaccines and Molecular Therapeutics Volume 13 - 2022 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.859919
Frequency-domain digital predistortion for Massive MU-MIMO-OFDM Downlink (2022)

Digital predistortion (DPD) is a method commonly used to compensate for the nonlinear effects of power amplifiers (sPAs). However, the computational complexity of most DPD algorithms becomes an issue in the downlink of massive multi-user (MU) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), where potentially up to several hundreds of PAs in the base station (BS) require linearization. In this paper, we propose a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based DPD in the frequency domain, taking place before the precoding, where the dimensionality of the signal space depends on the number of users, instead of the number of BS antennas. Simulation results on generalized memory polynomial (GMP)-based PAs show that the proposed CNN-based DPD can lead to very large complexity savings as the number of BS antenna increases at the expense of a small increase in power to achieve the same symbol error rate (SER).
On-product overlay enhancement using advanced litho-cluster control based on integrated metrology, ultra-small DBO targets and novel corrections (2013)

Aggressive on-product overlay requirements in advanced nodes are setting a superior challenge for the semiconductor industry. This forces the industry to look beyond the traditional way-of-working and invest in several new technologies. Integrated metrology<sup>2</sup>, in-chip overlay control, advanced sampling and process correction-mechanism (using the highest order of correction possible with scanner interface today), are a few of such technologies considered in this publication.
Vision-Based Autonomous Underwater Swimming in Dense Coral for Combined Collision Avoidance and Target Selection (2018)

We address the problem of learning vision-based, collision-avoiding, and target-selecting controllers in 3D, specifically in underwater environments densely populated with coral reefs. Using a highly maneuverable, dynamic, six-legged (or flippered) vehicle to swim underwater, we exploit real time visual feedback to make close-range navigation decisions that would be hard to achieve with other sensors. Our approach uses computer vision as the sole mechanism for both collision avoidance and visual target selection. In particular, we seek to swim close to the reef to make observations while avoiding both collisions and barren, coral-deprived regions. To carry out path selection while avoiding collisions, we use monocular image data processed in real time. The proposed system uses a convolutional neural network that takes an image from a forward-facing camera as input and predicts unscaled and relative path changes. The network is trained to encode our desired obstacle-avoidance and reef-exploration objectives via supervised learning from human-labeled data. The predictions from the network are transformed into absolute path changes via a combination of a temporally-smoothed proportional controller for heading targets and a low-level motor controller. This system enables safe and autonomous coral reef navigation in underwater environments. We validate our approach using an untethered and fully autonomous robot swimming through coral reef in the open ocean. Our robot successfully traverses 1000 m of the ocean floor collision-free while collecting close-up footage of coral reefs.
Pharyngeal timing and particle transport defects in Caenorhabditis elegans feeding mutants (2022)

The nematode <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> uses rhythmic muscle contractions (pumps) of the pharynx, a tubular feeding organ, to filter, transport, and crush food particles. A number of feeding mutants have been identified, including those with slow pharyngeal pumping rate, weak muscle contraction, defective muscle relaxation, and defective grinding of bacteria. Many aspects of these pharyngeal behavioral defects and how they affect pharyngeal function are not well understood. For example, the behavioral deficits underlying inefficient particle transport in "slippery" mutants have been unclear. Here we use high-speed video microscopy to describe pharyngeal pumping behaviors and particle transport in wild-type animals and in feeding mutants. Different "slippery" mutants exhibit distinct defects including weak isthmus contraction, failure to trap particles in the anterior isthmus, and abnormal timing of contraction and relaxation in pharyngeal compartments. Our results show that multiple deficits in pharyngeal timing or contraction can cause defects in particle transport. <b>NEW & NOTEWORTHY</b> The nematode <i>C. elegans</i> uses rhythmic contractions of its pharynx (feeding organ) to filter, transport, and crush food bacteria. Genetic analyses have identified mutants with defective pharyngeal motions, but many details of these movements and how they affect feeding are poorly understood. We use high-speed video microscopy to describe pharyngeal pumping behaviors and particle transport in feeding mutants. We find that multiple deficits in pharyngeal timing or contraction can cause defects in particle transport.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF ALLYLICALLY SUBSTITUTED ENOLATES WITH ORGANOMETALLIC REAGENTS: A CONVENIENT SOURCE OF ENOLONIUM ION EQUIVALENTS (1981)

Abstract Die aus den Epoxyketonen (I) gebildeten Li‐enolate (IIa) und Trimethylsilylether (IIb) bilden bei der Behandlung mit den OrganoCh‐Reagenzien in einem SNT‐Mechanismus die 6‐ bzw. S‐substituierten Cycloalkenone (IIIa‐c), während Organo‐Li‐ und ‐Mg‐Reagenzien mit den Enolaten die 2‐substituierten Derivate (IVa) und (IVd) über einen S N 2‐Angriff ergeben.
Time-dependent oscillations in a cw chemical laser unstable resonator (1985)

The amplitude, frequency, and Fresnel number dependence of the time-dependent oscillations which were predicted to occur on lines whose saturated gain does not fill the unstable resonator were measured. The time-dependent oscillations had a period of ~40 nsec independent of flow rates, do not occur for Fresnel numbers less than a demarcation Fresnel number which lies between 1.5 and 3.0, and their amplitudes increased as the fraction of the resonator filled by the saturated gain of the oscillating line decreased. The period of the time-dependent oscillations was determined by the resonator magnification. There was a strong cascade coupling between the oscillating 2 → 1 and 1 → 0 lines. The a priori prediction of these characteristics of the time-dependent oscillations by the MNORO3UR computer model was in agreement with the data. A 7-nsec oscillation, which was probably a mode beat of the laser, was superimposed on top of the 40-nsec oscillation. The time-dependent oscillations occurred in both 2-D and 3-D unstable resonators.
Detecting Undiagnosed Diabetes: Proof-of-Concept Based on the Health-Information Exchange System of the Veneto Region (North-East Italy) (2019)

Diabetes is a chronic illness characterised by elevated blood glucose levels, driving excess mortality. Its prompt detection and accurate management are critical for delaying complications. Nevertheless, diabetes can remain undiagnosed for years from the onset. The identification of undiagnosed diabetes is a public health priority: in Italy, it is estimated that up to 30% of diabetes cases remain undetected, i.e., that ~1.8 million citizens may be unaware they need medical help. Sometimes, this happens even though these subjects undergo routine or emergency check-ups. Veneto, a region in North-East Italy with 4.9 million residents, implements a regional Health Information Exchange system (rHIE) to collect healthcare data, including laboratory reports, and integrate them with administrative claims. Their combination may be instrumental in finding otherwise undetected cases of diabetes. On the one hand, known diabetic patients should have disease management-generated claims; on the other, laboratory test results can be independently evaluated against diagnostic criteria. In the present work, we examined the anonymised claims and laboratory data, extracted from the rHIE, of 23,376 citizens of the Veneto region. We compared their exemptions, diabetes-related hospitalisation discharge codes, and antidiabetic drugs between 2012 and 2018 to the results of their fasting glucose, glycated haemoglobin, and oral glucose tolerance tests in 2017-2018. We identified 1,407 (6.02%) subjects who, according to administrative claims, appear to be free from diabetes, but met at least one laboratory diagnostic criterion. Such a discrepancy suggests that these people may be undiagnosed diabetic patients. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first proof of concept of an automatic system for the detection of undiagnosed diabetes in Italy. Its full integration in the rHIE and its consequent capillary application could potentially reveal thousands of hidden cases throughout Veneto.
Effect of Ideal Inter-Cell Interference Cancellation to HSDPA System Performance (2007)

High speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) concept in wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system provides spectrally efficient packet access connection by means of dynamic link adaptation, low spreading factor and higher order modulation. Due to these the achievable data rate is vulnerable to the interference both from the serving cell and from the neighboring cells. Several linear and non-linear interference mitigation methods have been presented in literature to mitigate mainly the intra-cell interference but similar algorithms can also mitigate the inter-cell interference at the cell border area. However, the effect of inter-cell interference cancellation has not been thoroughly evaluated in system level. In this paper we analyze the system performance of an ideal inter-cell interference cancellation in HSDPA network. The analysis considers also traditional advanced receivers, which mainly suppress or cancel intra-cell interference. Linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) chip equalizer and receive diversity are considered. The modeling of inter-cell interference mitigation at the UE receiver is not modeled explicitly but is based on removing a predefined portion ideally from the interference produced by selected number of strongest interfering sectors. By this way, the interference cancellation efficiency can be mapped to the actual system performance improvement. The results are obtained from a fully dynamic system simulator, where the mobility of UE's and radio resource management algorithms are modeled.
Extrusion (2010)

No AccessUnderstanding Polymer ProcessingOct 2010ExtrusionTim A. OsswaldTim A. Osswaldhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446446038.004SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2010Pages: 71-89Print ISBN: 978-3-446-42404-3eISBN: 978-3-446-44603-8 Copyright & Permissions© 2011 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Semiconductor Electrodes: XVI . The Characterization and Photoelectrochemical Behavior of n‐ and Electrodes in Acetonitrile Solutions (1979)

The photoelectrochemical behavior of n‐type and p‐type is investigated in acetonitrile solutions containing various redox couples. The cyclic voltammograms of the semiconductor electrodes in the dark and illuminated with red light are compared to the Nernstian behavior at a Pt disk electrode. The photodissolution of the semiconductors was surpressed and did not occur until potentials well positive of the flatband potential. An underpotential (negative overpotential) was developed on the photoassisted oxidation (n‐type semiconductor) and reduction (p‐type material) of solution species. Intermediate levels or surface states are shown to be capable of mediating electron transfer and limiting the magnitude of the underpotential produced. It is also shown that the production of surface films at potentials negative of the conduction bandedge can produce a photovoltaic effect with the assisting in electron transfer. Thus, photoassisted electron transfer with electroactive solution species is observed spanning a potential range greater than 2.5V utilizing a 1.35 eV photon.
The Achilles Heel of the Trojan Horse Model of HIV-1 trans-Infection (2008)

To ensure their survival, microbial pathogens have evolved diverse strategies to subvert host immune defenses. The human retrovirus HIV-1 has been proposed to hijack the natural endocytic function of dendritic cells (DCs) to infect interacting CD4 T cells in a process termed trans-infection. Although DCs can be directly infected by certain strains of HIV-1, productive infection of DCs is not required during trans-infection; instead, DCs capture and internalize infectious HIV-1 virions in vesicles for later transmission to CD4 T cells via vesicular exocytosis across the infectious synapse. This model of sequential endocytosis and exocytosis of intact HIV-1 virions has been dubbed the "Trojan horse" model of HIV-1 trans-infection. While this model gained rapid favor as a strong example of how a pathogen exploits the natural properties of its cellular host, our recent studies challenge this model by showing that the vast majority of virions transmitted in trans originate from the plasma membrane rather than from intracellular vesicles. This review traces the experimental lines of evidence that have contributed to what we view as the "rise and decline" of the Trojan horse model of HIV-1 trans-infection.
Supplementary Table 3 from Pacritinib Combined with Sirolimus and Low-Dose Tacrolimus for GVHD Prevention after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: Preclinical and Phase I Trial Results (2023)

&lt;p&gt;The table shows adverse events per CTCAE version 5 encountered during the PAC/SIR/TAC phase I trial.&lt;/p&gt;
Antenna Count for Massive MIMO: 1.9 GHz versus 60 GHz (2017)

If we assume line-of-sight propagation and perfect channel state information at the base station -- consistent with slow moving terminals -- then a direct performance comparison between single-cell Massive MIMO at PCS and mmWave frequency bands is straightforward and highly illuminating. Line-of-sight propagation is considered favorable for mmWave because of minimal attenuation, and its facilitation of hybrid beamforming to reduce the required number of active transceivers. We quantify the number of mmWave (60 GHz) service antennas that are needed to duplicate the performance of a specified number of PCS (1.9 GHz) service antennas. As a baseline we consider a modest PCS deployment of 128 antennas serving 18 terminals. We find that, to achieve the same per-terminal max-min 95%-likely downlink throughput, 10000 mmWave antennas are needed. To match the total antenna area of the PCS array would require 128000 half-wavelength mmWave antennas, but a much reduced number is adequate because the large number of antennas also confers greater channel orthogonality. The principal alleged benefit of mmWave technology--vast amounts of inexpensive spectrum--is at least partially offset by the complexity of possibly unwieldy amounts of hardware.
Wavelet-domain approximation and compression of piecewise smooth images (2006)

The wavelet transform provides a sparse representation for smooth images, enabling efficient approximation and compression using techniques such as zerotrees. Unfortunately, this sparsity does not extend to piecewise smooth images, where edge discontinuities separating smooth regions persist along smooth contours. This lack of sparsity hampers the efficiency of wavelet-based approximation and compression. On the class of images containing smooth C2 regions separated by edges along smooth C2 contours, for example, the asymptotic rate-distortion (R-D) performance of zerotree-based wavelet coding is limited to D(R) (< or = 1/R, well below the optimal rate of 1/R2. In this paper, we develop a geometric modeling framework for wavelets that addresses this shortcoming. The framework can be interpreted either as 1) an extension to the "zerotree model" for wavelet coefficients that explicitly accounts for edge structure at fine scales, or as 2) a new atomic representation that synthesizes images using a sparse combination of wavelets and wedgeprints--anisotropic atoms that are adapted to edge singularities. Our approach enables a new type of quadtree pruning for piecewise smooth images, using zerotrees in uniformly smooth regions and wedgeprints in regions containing geometry. Using this framework, we develop a prototype image coder that has near-optimal asymptotic R-D performance D(R) < or = (log R)2 /R2 for piecewise smooth C2/C2 images. In addition, we extend the algorithm to compress natural images, exploring the practical problems that arise and attaining promising results in terms of mean-square error and visual quality.
H-shaped double graft copolymers: Effect of molecular architecture on morphology (1997)

The morphologies formed by block copolymers with a double-graft, H or S2IS2 architecture were investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small angle neutron scattering (SANS). Here S and I represent blocks of polystyrene and polyisoprene, respectively. These materials were synthesized using anionic polymerization and chlorosilane linking, and they were characterized using size exclusion chromatography, membrane osmometry, and low-angle laser light scattering. This characterization work confirmed the desired molecular architectures and narrow molecular weight distributions. The results of morphological characterization indicate that one can understand complex grafting architectures by decomposing them into fundamental building blocks, which are taken as the component single graft structures out of which the larger structure is constructed. We propose rules for dividing structures into these components, which we call constituting block copolymers. The morphological behavior of the more complex architecture is approximately equivalent to that of the constituting block copolymer structure. Through the use of the constituting block copolymers we map the experimentally determined morphological behavior of the H architecture onto the morphology diagram calculated by Milner for miktoarm stars [Macromolecules 27, 2333 (1994)]. Mapping the H architecture onto the morphology diagram in this way produces general agreement between experimental results and the model. However, it is found that in the case of the H architecture, as well as in previously published results for I2S and I3S miktoarm star materials, that the morphology diagram slightly overestimates the amount of shift in the order-order transition lines produced by asymmetry in molecular architecture. This overestimation in the theory is attribute to a junction point localization effect which was neglected in Milner’s calculation.