gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estimating Hybridization of Transition Metal and Oxygen States in Perovskites from O K-edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (2014)

The interaction between the transition metal 3d and the oxygen 2p states via hybridization underpins many of the phenomena in transition metal oxide materials. We report the empirical trend of this interaction using the pre-edge feature of the O K-edge X-ray absorption spectrum. Our assessment method is built on the dipole approximation and the configuration interaction between the transition metal 3d and the oxygen 2p states. We found that hybridization increases with the number of 3d electrons, consistent with the expected electronegativity trend. We support this analysis with density functional calculations, which reveal a systematic increase in the transition metal 3d and the oxygen 2p state mixing with increasing 3d-electron number. Oxidation of the transition metal was also found to increase hybridization, which we believe reflects the reduced transition metal 3d and oxygen 2p energy difference, causing increased covalency. We compare the analysis from the surface-sensitive electron-yield and the bulk-sensitive fluorescence-yield spectra, revealing that either method can be used to study the hybridization trend. We finally compare and discuss the influence of the lanthanide ions and the influence of the covalency on oxygen electrocatalysis. Our study describes an efficient and simple approach to understand the hybridization trend in transition metal oxides, which has considerable implications for electrochemical energy conversion processes.
Development of an environmental contamination model to simulate the microbial bloom that occurs in commercial hatch cabinets (2022)

Microbial blooms that emerge in commercial hatch cabinets consist of apathogenic and pathogenic microorganisms, including Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Aspergillus fumigatus. Objectives of the present study included the development of a multipathogen contamination model to mimic commercial conditions and optimization of sampling methods to quantify bacterial or fungal presence within the hatch cabinet. The pathogen challenge mix (PM) was recreated from select bacterial or fungal isolates recovered from an egg homogenate (EH) derived from the contents of infertile eggs and late embryonic mortalities. Isolates selected for PM included Enterococcus faecalis (∼10<sup>8</sup> CFU/egg), Staphylococcus aureus (∼10<sup>7</sup> CFU/egg), Staphylococcus chromogenes (∼10<sup>7</sup> CFU/egg), Aspergillus fumigatus (∼10<sup>6</sup> spores/egg), and 2 Escherichia coli (∼10<sup>8</sup> CFU/egg) isolates. Challenge (100 μL of PM or EH) was administered using a sterile loop to a 28 mm area on the blunt end of the eggshell at day 19 of embryogenesis (DOE). In 3 experiments, microbiological data were collected from environmental hatcher samples (open-agar plate method), fluff samples, postmortem whole-body chick rinse samples, and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) samples to evaluate select bacteria and fungi circulating within the hatch cabinet and colonization of GIT. Cumulative bacterial and fungal recovery from the PM hatching environment from DOE20 to hatch was higher than the nonchallenged group (NC) and EH group at ∼860 and ∼1,730 CFU, respectively. Bacterial recovery from GIT, fluff, and chick rinse samples were similar for the PM and EH group in Exp. 1. However, Aspergillus fumigatus recovery from fluff and chick rinse samples for the PM group was significantly (P < 0.001) higher than the NC and EH group. In Exp. 2 and 3, PM challenge significantly (P < 0.05) increased Gram-negative bacterial recovery from the GIT, fluff and chick rinse samples compared to both the NC and EH group. These data suggest this innovative multispecies environmental contamination model using PM could be utilized to evaluate strategies to mitigate microbial contamination in commercial hatch cabinets in a laboratory setting.
Mobility-aware Floating Anchor (MFA) (2018)

IP mobility protocols are designed to allow a mobile node to remain
reachable while moving around in the network. The currently deployed
mobility management protocols are anchor-based approaches, where a
mobile node's IP sessions are anchored on a central node. The
mobile node's IP traffic enters and exits from this anchor node and
it remains as the control point for all subscriber services. This
architecture based on fixed IP anchors comes with some complexity and
there is some interest from the mobile operators to eliminate the use
of fixed anchors, and other residual elements such as the overlay
tunneling that come with it. This document describes a new approach
for realizing a mobile user- plane that does not require fixed IP
anchors. The architectural- basis for this approach is the separation
of control and user plane, and the use of programmability constructs
of the user-plane for traffic steering. This approach is referred to
as, Mobility-aware Floating Anchor (MFA).
Coherent Exciton Dynamics in Supramolecular Light-Harvesting Nanotubes Revealed by Ultrafast Quantum Process Tomography (2013)

Long-lived exciton coherences have been recently observed in photosynthetic complexes via ultrafast spectroscopy, opening exciting possibilities for the study and design of coherent exciton transport. Yet, ambiguity in the spectroscopic signals has led to arguments against interpreting them in terms of exciton dynamics, demanding more stringent tests. We propose a novel strategy, quantum process tomography (QPT), for ultrafast spectroscopy and apply it to reconstruct the evolving quantum state of excitons in double-walled supramolecular light-harvesting nanotubes at room temperature from eight narrowband transient grating experiments. Our analysis reveals the absence of nonsecular processes, unidirectional energy transfer from the outer to the inner wall exciton states, and coherence between those states lasting about 150 fs, indicating weak electronic coupling between the walls. Our work constitutes the first experimental QPT in a “warm” and complex system and provides an elegant scheme to maximize information from ultrafast spectroscopy experiments.
Experimental assessment of neural networks for tire-road force estimation (2022)

Modern vehicle dynamics control systems may leverage the knowledge of tire-road forces to improve safety and performance. However, the lack of commercial sensors entails the need for suitable real-time estimation techniques. Beside classical model-based estimation, neural networks represent a promising solution in terms of achievable accuracy and computational burden. In this paper, we propose an experimental assessment of such data-driven modeling tools for longitudinal, lateral, and vertical forces estimation. A sensor layout typically available on high-end vehicles is considered, while the dataset for training and validation is composed of a few challenging maneuvers. As a key contribution, we provide some practical guidelines on how to select the set of sensors for each estimation problem.
A Defense Method against Poisoning Attacks on IoT Machine Learning Using Poisonous Data (2020)

Machine learning is a technology with the potential to enrich our lives in many ways. It is expected to be used in various situations. However, the value of attacks on machine learning models is also increasing. Therefore, it is considered to be dangerous to use machine learning without proper planning. Poisoning attacks are one of the attacks that can be launched against machine learning models. Poisoning attacks reduce the accuracy of machine learning models by mixing training data with data created with malicious intent to attack the models. Depending on the scenario, the damage caused by poisoning attacks may lead to large-scale accidents. In this study, we propose a method to protect machine learning models from poisoning attacks. In this paper, we assume an environment in which data obtained from multiple sources is used as training data for machine learning models and present a method suitable for defending against poisoning attacks in such an environment. The proposed method computes the influence of the data obtained from each source on the accuracy of the machine learning model to understand how good each source is. The impact of replacing the data from each source with poisonous data is also calculated. Based on the results of these calculations, the proposed method determines the data removal rate for each data source, which represents the confidence level for determining the degree of harmfulness of the data. The proposed method prevents poisonous data from being mixed with the normal data by removing it according to the removal rate. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, we compared existing methods with the proposed method based on the accuracy of the model after applying the proposed defensive measure. In this experiment, under the condition that the training data contains 17% of poisonous data, the accuracy of the defended model of the proposed method is 89%, which is higher than 83% obtained using the existing method. This shows that the proposed method improved the performance of the model against poisoning attacks.
Spectrally constrained chromophore and scattering near-infrared tomography provides quantitative and robust reconstruction (2005)

A multispectral direct chromophore and scattering reconstruction technique has been implemented for near-infrared frequency-domain tomography in recovering images of total hemoglobin, oxygen saturation, water, and scatter parameters. The method applies the spectral constraint of the chromophores and scattering spectra directly in the reconstruction algorithm, thereby reducing the parameter space of the inversion process. This new method was validated by use of simulated and experimental data, and results show better robustness and stability in the presence of higher levels of noise. The method suppresses artifacts, especially those significant in water and scatter power images, and reduces cross talk between chromophore and scatter parameters. Variation in scattering was followed by this spectral approach successfully in experimental data from 90-mm-diameter cylindrical phantoms, and results show linear variation in scatter amplitude and reduced scattering coefficient (micro(s)'), with total hemoglobin, oxygen saturation, and water remaining constant and quantitatively accurate. Similar experiments were carried out for varying oxygen saturation and total hemoglobin. Accurate quantification was obtained with a mean error of 7.7% for oxygen saturation and 6.2% for total hemoglobin, with minimal cross talk between different parameters.
Using Python for Signal Processing and Visualization (2010)

The Python programming language provides a development environment suitable to both computational and visualization tasks. One of Python's key advantages is that it lets developers use packages that extend the language to provide advanced capabilities, such as array and matrix manipulation, image processing, digital signal processing, and visualization. Several popular data exploration and visualization tools have been built in Python, including Visit (www.llnl. gov/visit), Paraview (www.paraview. org), climate data analysis tools (CDAT; www2-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cdat), and VisTrails (www.vistrails .org). In our work, we use VisTrails; however, nearly any Python-enabled application can produce similar results. The neuroscience field often uses bothmultimodal data and computationally complex algorithms to analyze data collected from study participants. Here, we investigate a study in which magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is combined with electroencephalography (EEG) data to examine working memory.
Sensors: Liquid Crystal Enabled Early Stage Detection of Beta Amyloid Formation on Lipid Monolayers (Adv. Funct. Mater. 38/2015) (2015)

On page 6050, J. J. de Pablo and co-workers demonstrate detection of Nanomolar concentrations of peptides by polarized light microscopy. Liquid crystals exhibit a specific response to beta-sheet structures. The unstructured peptides involved in various diseases form beta-sheet rich amyloid fibrils at lipid-decorated liquid crystal interfaces, thereby altering the orientation of the underlying liquid crystal and yielding characteristic optical signatures that are interpreted in terms of detailed molecular models.
Nova publikacija Hrvatskog zavoda za javno zdravstvo: Zdravstveno stanje hrvatskog pučanstva i rad zdravstvenih službi u Hrvatskoj (2005)

Poznavanje pokazatelja zdravstvenog stanja pucanstva i koristenja zdravstvenih službi neophodno je u pripremi donosenja zdravstveno-politickih dokumenata, strategije razvoja zdravstva, plana i programa zdravstvene zastite. U okviru priprema za izradu strategije razvoja zdravstva za iduce vremensko razdoblje,  strucnjaci Hrvatskog zavoda za javno zdravstvo i drugi strucnjaci imenovani od ministra zdravstva u grupu za javno zdravstvo izradili su tijekom 2004. i pocetkom 2005. godine situacijsku analizu kao podlogu za izradu strategije. Pokazatelji za Hrvatsku uspoređeni su s određenim, dostupnim pokazateljima sa zemljama slicnih ili zajednickih povijesnih i drustvenih prilika te s prosjekom zemalja Europske unije. Nije zanemarena ni cinjenica da zdravstveno stanje ne ovisi samo o sustavu zdravstvene zastite te su u analizi prikazani osnovni demografski i vitalno-statisticki pokazatelji.
Comparing Parameter Manipulation with Mouse, Pen, and Slider User Interfaces (2009)

Abstract Visual fixation on one's tool(s) takes much attention away from one's primary task. Following the belief that the best tools ‘disappear’ and become invisible to the user, we present a study comparing visual fixations (eye gaze within locations on a graphical display) and performance for mouse, pen, and physical slider user interfaces. Participants conducted a controlled, yet representative, color matching task that required user interaction representative of many data exploration tasks such as parameter exploration of medical or fuel cell data. We demonstrate that users may spend up to 95% fewer visual fixations on physical sliders versus standard mouse and pen tools without any loss in performance for a generalized visual performance task.
Performance Evaluation of Brass Breakaway Couplings (2010)

Existing breakaway couplings have several disadvantages, including proprietary in nature, prohibitively expensive, inconsistent energy absorption due to temperature effects, and variable fatigue strength due to corrosion. Thus, the Illinois Department of Transportation (ILDOT) developed a free-cutting, brass breakaway coupling for use on luminaire or support poles. The free-cutting, brass breakaway couplings in combination with luminaire poles were evaluated according to the Test Level-3 (TL-3) safety performance criteria found in NCHRP Report No. 350. A total of 7 tests were conducted at the Valmont/UNL-MwRSF pendulum testing facility in compliance with the impact criteria corresponding to test designation no. 3-60. The results of these tests were then used to predict the high-speed test results, test designation no. 3-61, using the FHWA-approved extrapolation equation. Luminaire poles used were selected to provide one of two worst-case impact scenarios: (1) a tall massive pole that requires the most energy to rotate the pole, or (2) the lightest and weakest pole that may bend, fracture, or crush before the couplings break away. Successful tests of these two scenarios then provided a range of pole sizes that could be used in combination with the brass couplings. Upon completion of the physical testing and extrapolation analysis, aluminum luminaire poles with nominal heights between 30 ft (9.1 m) and 55 ft (16.8 m) and weights less than 755 lb (343 kg) were found to satisfy the TL-3 safety performance criteria when evaluated with the brass couplings. However, the selected and tested heavy steel poles failed to satisfy the change in velocity limit for the high-speed test. Therefore, an analytical analysis was conducted to identify the largest steel poles that are compatible with the brass couplings.
The Evolution of Endovascular Management of Extracranial Carotid Artery Aneurysms and Pseudoaneurysms (2019)

Introduction: Extracranial carotid artery aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms (ECCAs) are rare pathologies with various etiologies, presentations, and management strategies. Historically, open aneurysm resection and arterial repair have been the gold standard management of ECCAs. Our study examines the evolving experience with endovascular management of ECCAs. Methods: We performed a literature review of multiple studies on endovascular and open management of carotid artery aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms. Conclusions: Endovascular stenting is technically feasible and clinically effective for the treatment of carotid artery aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms. Further follow-up is required regarding long-term safety and efficacy.
Ligand-Switchable Directing Effects of Tethered Alkenes in Nickel-Catalyzed Additions to Alkynes (2004)

Nickel-catalyzed reductive couplings of aldehydes with alkynes that contain tethered olefins are described, in which the degree and sense of regioselectivity are controlled by the length of the tether and the presence or absence of an additive. When the alkyne and alkene are separated by four bonds, very high (>95:5) regioselectivities are observed. Use of a monodentate phosphine as an additive leads to formation of the opposite regioisomer in equal and opposite selectivity (5: >95). These results provide strong evidence for an interaction between the remote alkene and the metal center during the regioselectivity-determining step and suggest that reactions with and without an additive proceed via fundamentally distinct mechanisms.
Perceptually-optimized content remapping for automultiscopic displays (2012)

3D content and display technology is now widely available. However, available displays range from large-screen cinematic projection systems to hand-held devices and from screens supporting glasses-free 3D modes to glasses-bound systems. Counterintuitively, the produced content is usually only generated for a single display configuration, making labor-intense, manual post-processing of the data necessary. Recently, several content remapping techniques for stereo content have been proposed (see e.g. [Lang et al. 2010]). We present a perceptually-driven optimization framework for automatic light field remapping, specially designed for automultiscopic displays. It takes into account both the limitations of the target display as well as those of a human observer, and poses the problem as a non-linear least squares optimization. Our model includes depth of field limitations and the contrast sensitivity function, as well as sensitivities to binocular disparity and motion parallax in the perception of depth. Additionally, the model can be adapted for more common stereo remapping.
ChemInform Abstract: Combinatorial Catalysis: Identification of Potent Chiral Catalysts Through Fluorescent Bead Signaling (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Two-photon-induced polymerization in a laser gain medium for optical microstructure (2005)

We have fabricated a polymer solid-state microcavity in the laser gain media by two-photon-induced polymerization technique. The photopolymerization resin contains conventional laser-dye and dendrimer. A dendrimer can encapsulate the laser-dyes, limiting cluster formation and intermolecular energy transfer, and promising a high level of optical gain. The effect can be extended to prepare an optically active microstructure using the two-photon-induced polymerization technique. We fabricated a polymeric microcavity, which consisted of <400 nm-linewidth strips arranged in layer-by-layer structure. The periodic variation in the refractive index gave rise to Bragg reflection. A laser emission was measured in the microcavity under optical excitation. The spectral linewidth was about 0.1 nm above the lasing threshold. The laser emission is attributed both to the distributed Bragg reflection and to the high gain of a polymer medium containing laser-dye with a high concentration.
The World Wide Wi-Fi: Technological Trends and Business Strategies (2003)

From the Publisher:
Your success guide to the next wireless revolution 
The next watershed innovation in wireless technology is here: IEEE 802.11 wireless local area networks (LANs). 
Recent studies from IDC indicate that the Wi-Fi wireless LAN market will likely account for ninety percent of projected LAN equipment revenues by 2005a trend that promises to spill over into home wireless networks. Yet this amazing growth has also created confusion: Which version of 802.11 is best for vendors and end-users? What about solutions such as the a/g and a/b combinations of the 802.11 standards? 
In World Wide Wi-Fi: Technological Trends and Business Strategies, Teik-Kheong (TK) Tan and Benny Bing provide a clear, accessible road map of the Wi-Fi wireless LAN market. Unlike most books on wireless local area networks (WLANs), this must-have resource explains both the business and technology of WLANs, and offers ready-to-use tactics and strategies for thriving in this lucrative field. Along the way, youll also gain insight into the emerging Wi-Fi standards. 
World Wide Wi-Fi presents: 
Key technological issues related to the design and deployment of Wi-Fi wireless LANs
An insiders look at market dynamics, market segmentation, service provider, enterprise, and chipset strategies
The interrelationship between the 802.11a, b, and g standards
And much more


Supported by real statistics and case studies, plus profiles of suppliers, regulators, and other market players, this one-of-a-kind guide helps you create effective market penetration strategies and evaluate vendor-specific features. Ultimately, World Wide Wi-Fi defines the 802.11 market: its rapid expansion, its challenges, and its future. Most of all, its your invitation to profit from everything that this red-hot industry has to offer. 
Author Biography: Teik-Kheong (TK) Tan is Chair of the Wireless LANs Next Generation Committee of the IEEE 802.11 Standards Working Group. He also chairs the Wireless Interworking Group (a committee supported by IEEE 802.11 WG, ETSI-BRAN and MMAC). He is also the senior product manager for the Wireless LAN Product Line of Philips Semiconductors, San Jose, USA.
Benny Bing is a research faculty member with the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology. He is also the author of Wireless Local Area Networks: The New Wireless Revolution.