gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Composable Lightweight Processors (2007)

Modern chip multiprocessors (CMPs) are designed to exploit both instruction-level parallelism (ILP) within processors and thread-level parallelism (TLP) within and across processors. However, the number of processors and the granularity of each processor are fixed at design time. This paper evaluates a flexible architectural approach, called composable lightweight processors (or CLPs), that allows simple, low-power cores to be aggregated together dynamically, forming larger, more powerful single-threaded processors without changing the application binary. We evaluate one such design with 32 cores called TFlex, which can be configured as 32 dual-issue processors, or as a single 64-wide issue processor, or as any point in between. Use of an explicit data graph execution (EDGE) ISA enables the system to be fully composable, with no monolithic structures spanning the cores. Simulation results show that CLPs achieve an average performance boost of 42%, an average area-efficiency of 3.4x, and an average power-efficiency of 2x over a fixed architecture on a spectrum of single-threaded applications. Results also show that CLPs outperform a spectrum of fixed CMP architectures on a set of multitasking workloads.
DetServ: Network Models for Real-Time QoS Provisioning in SDN-Based Industrial Environments (2017)

Industrial networks require real-time guarantees for the flows they carry. That is, flows have hard end-to-end delay requirements that have to be deterministically guaranteed. While proprietary extensions of Ethernet have provided solutions, these often require expensive forwarding devices. The rise of software-defined networking (SDN) opens the door to the design of centralized traffic engineering frameworks for providing such real-time guarantees. As part of such a framework, a network model is needed for the computation of worst-case delays and for access control. In this paper, we propose two network models based on network calculus theory for providing deterministic services (DetServ). While our first model, the multi-hop model (MHM), assigns a rate and a buffer budget to each queue in the network, our second model, the threshold-based model (TBM), simply fixes a maximum delay for each queue. Via a packet-level simulation, we confirm that the delay bounds guaranteed by both models are never exceeded and that no packet loss occurs. We further show that the TBM provides more flexibility with respect to the characteristics of the flows to be embedded and that it has the potential of accepting more flows in a given network. Finally, we show that the runtime cost for this increase in flexibility stays reasonable for online request processing in industrial scenarios.
In vitro & in vivo 4D ultrafast Doppler imaging using a large aperture row column adressed transducer (2017)

Ultrafast 3D Doppler imaging can provide volumetric high frame rate and high resolution mapping of the vascular anatomy and function [1]. Current approach relies on the use of matrix arrays connected to high count of electronics channel which remain complex and costly. Row Column Addressed (RCA) approaches have been proposed as a low complexity alternative to matrix probe for imaging of blood flows [2]. Orthogonal Plane Wave (OPW) compounding is a dedicated beamforming strategy introduced recently [3] to perform full 3D ultrafast volumetric imaging using RCA. In this work we apply this technique on a new large aperture RCA probe and validate experimentally 3D blood flow imaging on in vitro flow phantoms and on in vivo human carotid artery.
Biologically-implemented genetic algorithm for protein engineering (2009)

Protein engineering, developing novel proteins with a desired activity, has become increasingly important in many fields. This paper presents two studies in protein engineering: (i) a biological implementation of a genetic algorithm, with an observed in vitro evolution, and (ii) its preliminary computer simulation using a prototypical probabilistic model based on a random walk. The steady evolution of the fitness distribution of the mutant proteins that appeared in the biological experiments has provided some convincing evidence about the search behavior and the fitness landscape. The computer simulation and the simple probabilistic model have indicated their future potential for providing a practical alternative to the time-consuming manual operations in the biological experiments. Successful experimental results in the two studies have raised expectations of their further development and mutually beneficial interactions.
A new instantaneous point on wave voltage sag detection algorithm & validation (2016)

In industrial applications, power quality has been an issue drawing increasing concerns due to its severe consequences on system performance and downtime cost. Voltage sags are classified as one of the most common power quality issues. In order to guarantee system operation under several line sag scenarios, international standards such as SEMI F47, IEC-61000-4-34, and IEC-61000-4-11 have been established as guidelines for electrical/electronics manufacturers. In this paper, an innovative point on wave sag detection is introduced. Although the main focus of this work is centered on applications related to regenerative motor-drive systems, this approach can be utilized in a myriad of other applications such as grid-tie inverters, uninterrupted power supplies and advanced relay protection. In addition, the introduced technique is very effective at detecting repeated line sag conditions. The introduced detection method has been experimentally validated using a 20 HP regenerative motor-drive system setup under various line sag scenarios.
Association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and disability: What is the contribution of diabetes risk factors and diabetes complications? (2018)

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between type 2 diabetes and disability in Mauritius and to assess the extent to which the effect of diabetes is explained by diabet ...
Non-Linear Behavioral Modeling of Capacitive MEMS Microphones (2023)

In this work, a non-linear behavioral lumped model applicable to commercial state-of-the-art single-backplate microelectromechanical system (MEMS) microphones is described. The model allows to simulate all relevant microphone key performance indicators (KPIs), including the bias voltage dependent sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and input pressure dependent total harmonic distortion (THD) of the microphone output voltage. Non-linear behavioral descriptions of the capacitive transduction and mechanical properties of a membrane are considered, which can be implemented in common circuit simulators using industry standard hardware description languages (i.e., Verilog-A). While state-of-the-art lumped models focus on purely linear microphone investigations of the sensitivity and SNR, the proposed model inherits an improved accuracy and allows to consider the system non-linearity and THD in theoretical design optimizations. Measurement results of a commercial MEMS microphone were employed to validate the precision of the developed model.
Chemotherapy with gemcitabine in patients with advanced gallbladder carcinoma (2000)

We conclude that gemcitabine may be an effective drug in the palliative treatment of gallbladder cancer, and thus its efficiency warrants evaluation in further studies.
Modelling of heat transfer in internal combustion engines with variable density effect (2011)

Heat transfer is one of the major factors affecting the performance, efficiency, and emissions of internal combustion engines. As convection heat transfer is dominant in engine heat transfer, accurate modelling of the boundary layer heat transfer is required. In engine computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, the wall function approach has been widely used to model the near-wall flow and temperature field. The present paper suggests a modified wall function approach to model heat transfer in internal combustion engines. Special emphasis has been placed on introducing the effect of variable density and variable viscosity in the model formulation. A non-dimensional temperature corrector is suggested to incorporate the variable density effect on the wall function approach. The suggested model is applied in KIVA-3V and is validated against experimental data of a homogeneous charge compression-ignition engine, showing improved predictions for pressure and emissions compared with the standard wall function model.
Correlation between threading dislocation density and sheet resistance of AlGaN/AlN/GaN heterostructures grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (2012)

AlGaN/AlN/GaN heterostructures were grown on 6H-SiC, GaN-on-sapphire, and free-standing GaN, resulting in heterostructures with threading dislocation densities of ∼2 × 1010, ∼5 × 108, and ∼5 × 107 cm−2, respectively. Growths were carried out under Ga-rich conditions by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy to determine the influence of threading dislocation density on the sheet resistance of AlGaN/AlN/GaN heterostructures. High threading dislocation density was observed to significantly degrade Hall mobility. An AlGaN/AlN/GaN heterostructure with a ∼2 nm AlN interlayer and a threading dislocation density of ∼5 × 107 cm−2 achieved the very low room temperature sheet resistance of 175 Ω/□.
Magnetic nanoparticles response to low frequency induction heating in rigid matrices (2021)

Magnetic nanoparticles (mNPs)are used where localized heat is required, such as in induction cook tops, laser welding, nano-material welding, and hyperthermia therapy for cancer patients. It is known that mNPs can provide heat based on three mechanisms: hysteresis, Neel’s Relaxation, and Brownian (friction) motion. The studies have shown for biomedical applications that the mNPs generate heat based on frictional losses and do not exhibit hysteresis.<sup>1</sup> It is not as thoroughly understood how the mNPs behave in rigid environments, particularly when dispersed throughout a material. The main goal of this paper is to understand the dominant mechanism of heating when mNPs are in a rigid structure and use this understanding to optimize mNPs for localized heat applications. We experiment with the mNPs, induction heat, and heat sensitive paint to demonstrate the mNPs ability to create heat when embedded in rigid matrices. A commercially available induction heater operating at 30 - 104 kHz is used to create a high strength alternating magnetic field to test whether the energy at these frequencies leads to heating when mNPs are present. Studies are done for powdered carbon and iron (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) particles and for particles when embedded in polyurethane, rubber, and thermochromic paint. The results suggest that the mNPs exhibit hysteresis in rigid systems. We demonstrate this heating using thermochromic paint on mNP-infused solids.
Behaviour of the plathelminth Symsagittifera roscoffensis under different light conditions and the consequences on the symbiotic algae Tetraselmis convolutae (2015)

Symsagittifera roscoffensis is a plathelminth living in symbiosis with the green algae Tetraselmis convolutae. Host and symbiont are a model system for the study of endosymbiosis, which has so far mainly focused on their biochemical interactions. Symsagittifera roscoffensis is well known for its positive phototaxis that is hypothesized to optimize the symbiont's light perception for photosynthesis. In this study, we conducted a detailed analysis of phototaxis using light sources of different wavelength and brightness by videotracking. Furthermore, we compared the behavioural data with the electron transfer rate of the photosystem from cultured symbiotic cells. The symbiotic algae is adapted to low light conditions, showing a positive electron transfer rate at a photosynthetically active radiation of 0.112 µmol photons m(-2) s(-1), and S. roscoffensis showed a positive phototactic behaviour for light intensities up to 459.17 µmol photons m(-2) s(-1), which is not optimal regarding the needs of the symbiotic cells and may even harm host and symbiont. Red light cannot be detected by the animals and therefore their eyes seem not to be suitable for measuring the exact photosynthetically active radiation to the benefit of the photosymbionts.
Spinal Stimulation: Statistical Superiority of Monophasic Stimulation of Narrowly Separated, Longitudinal Bipoles Having Rostral Cathodes (1983)

A prospective study of a large number of spinal stimulating electrodes permitted a statistical comparison of stimulus parameters, including phase, polarity and orientation of bipolar electrodes. For the treatment of pain, the technical grade of a stimulator is proportional to the range of stimulation, which was found to be significantly greater under the conditions listed in the title.
An adaptive observation site selection strategy for road traffic data assimilation (2012)

Smartphones and other vehicular sensors equipped with GPS and wireless networking capabilities, are becoming ubiquitous in transportation systems. They provide us with opportunities to gather timely information about road traffic conditions, fuse (assimilate) it with traffic flow models to improve upon the accuracy of these models, and hence supply valuable information for real-time transportation decision making. Macroscopic traffic flow models are described by systems of partial differential equations (PDEs), which are usually only solved numerically. Adaptive moving mesh methods have shown promise in handling high variability of the spatio-temporal features (e.g. shocks and discontinuities) in model's solutions.
Matching-adjusted indirect treatment comparison of liso-cel versus axi-cel in relapsed or refractory large B cell lymphoma (2021)

NCT02631044 and NCT02348216.
Glycoprotein Enrichment Through Lectin Affinity Techniques (2008)

Posttranslational modifications (PTM) of proteins are among the key biological regulators of function, activity, localization, and interaction. The fact that no more than 30,000-50,000 proteins are encoded by the human genome underlines the importance of posttranslational modifications in modulating the activities and functions of proteins in health and disease. With approximately 50% of all proteins now considered to be glycosylated, its physiological importance in mammalian systems is imperative. Aberrant glycosylation has now been recognized as an attribute of many mammalian diseases, including hereditary disorders, immune deficiencies, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular conditions, and cancer. As many potential disease biomarkers may be glycoproteins present in only minute quantities in tissue extracts and physiological fluids, glycoprotein isolation and enrichment may be critical in a search for such biomarkers. For decades, efforts have been focused on the development of glycoprotein enrichment from complex biological samples. Logically, the great majority of these enrichment methodologies rely on the use of immobilized lectins, which permit selective enrichment of the pools of glycoproteins for proteomic/glycomic studies. In this chapter, lectin affinity chromatography in different formats are described, including tubes; packed columns, and microfluidic channels.
Structural Glycomic Analyses at High Sensitivity: A Decade of Progress (2013)

The field of glycomics has recently advanced in response to the urgent need for structural characterization and quantification of complex carbohydrates in biologically and medically important applications. The recent success of analytical glycobiology at high sensitivity reflects numerous advances in biomolecular mass spectrometry and its instrumentation, capillary and microchip separation techniques, and microchemical manipulations of carbohydrate reactivity. The multimethodological approach appears to be necessary to gain an in-depth understanding of very complex glycomes in different biological systems.
A 0.18 /spl mu/m high dynamic range NTSC/PAL imaging system-on-chip with embedded DRAM frame buffer (2003)

The CMOS imaging system-on-chip includes an embedded frame buffer and operates at 100 MHz. The programmable chip produces color video at up to 500 frames/s with over 100 dB dynamic range using multi-capture. The sensor utilizes a 0.18 /spl mu/m 1 P 4 M CMOS process and dissipates 600 mW including I/O.
Normal Displacements on a Reconstructed Silicon (111) Surface: An X-Ray-Standing-Wave Study (1986)

The average relaxation of the top layers of a germanium-atom-tagged Si(111) surface has been measured by x-ray interferometric and fluorescence methods. The results indicate a slight outward displacement (\ensuremath{\sim}2%) of the outer layers on a (5 \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} 5) reconstructed surface relative to a perfectly terminated silicon crystal surface. The results are in good quantitative agreement with atom positions predicted from a tight-binding-based energy-minimization calculation of the dimer-adatom stacking-fault model of the Si(111) (7 \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} 7) or (5 \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} 5) surface.
Efficient configuration of monitoring slices for cloud platform administrators (2014)

Monitoring is an important issue in cloud environments because it assures that acquired cloud slices attend the user's expectations. However, these environments are multitenant and dynamic, requiring automation techniques to offload cloud administrators. In a previous work, we proposed FlexACMS: a framework to automate monitoring configuration related to cloud slices using multiple monitoring solutions. In this work, we enhanced FlexACMS to allow dynamic and automatic attribution of monitoring configuration tasks to servers without administrator intervention, which was not available in previous version. FlexACMS also considers the monitoring server load when attributing configuration tasks, which allows load balancing between monitoring servers. The evaluation showed that enhancements reduced FlexACMS response time up to 60% in comparison to previous version. The scalability evaluation of enhanced version demonstrated the feasibility of our approach in large scale cloud environments.
Cross reactivity between Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania antigens in the lymphocyte blastogenesis assay (1987)

The in vitro blastogenesis response of lymphocytes from 19 patients, with either visceral or mucocutaneous leishmaniasis or Chagas disease, to antigens of the Leishmania-Trypanosoma complex was studied. Cells from all patients responded to both homologous and heterologous antigens and the magnitude of the responses did not differ for any of the patient groups or antigens.
Oxygen enriched air staging on an endport glass container furnace. Final report, December 1993-March 1995 (1996)

The specific objectives of this project were to scale-up and evaluate the effectiveness of enriched air staging (OEAS) in reducing NOx emissions from a commercially operating 200 ton/day regenerative endport glass melter producing amber glass without causing any adverse impacts on glass melter performance.
User-safe devices for true end-to-end QoS (2002)

User-safe devices are a little smarter than your average device. They implement some of the functionality traditionally found in device drivers within the device itself. This provides a number of performance benefits, particularly for devices attached to I/O networks. User-safe devices are serious about quality of service. They can provide the guarantees that applications require in order to behave predictably on a loaded system. This paper describes user-safe devices, and the role they play in the University of Cambridge's experimental multimedia workstation.
Direct Spectroscopic Imaging of Medicine Tablets using Monochromatic Tunable Terahertz-wave Source and Highly Sensitive Semiconductor Detector (2020)

We investigated direct spectroscopic imaging of just opened, unformed over the counter (OTC) medicine tablets using a monochromatic tunable pulsed THz-wave source and highly sensitive semiconductor detector. This simple transmission power spectroscopic measurement does not need any complex post process to obtain images. We acquired transmission images of OTC medicine tablets and compared with the images obtained by a commercial THz-TDS system.
Neuroprosthetic Applications of Electrical Stimulation (2000)

Neural prostheses are a developing technology that use electrical activation of the nervous system to restore function to individuals with neurological impairment. Neural prostheses function by electrical initiation of action potentials in nerve fibers that carry the signal to an endpoint where chemical neurotransmitters are released, either to affect an end organ or another neuron. Thus, in principle, any end organ under neural control is a candidate for neural prosthetic control. Applications have included stimulation in both the sensory and motor systems and range in scope from experimental trials with single individuals to commercially available devices. Outcomes of motor system neural prostheses include restoration of hand grasp and release in quadriplegia, restoration of standing and stepping in paraplegia, restoration of bladder function (continence, micturition) following spinal cord injury, and electrophrenic respiration in high-level quadriplegia. Neural prostheses restore function and provide greater independence to individuals with disability.