gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Long-term follow-up of a randomized AAV2-GAD gene therapy trial for Parkinson’s disease (2017)

<b>BACKGROUND.</b> We report the 12-month clinical and imaging data on the effects of bilateral delivery of the glutamic acid decarboxylase gene into the subthalamic nuclei (STN) of advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. <b>METHODS.</b> 45 PD patients were enrolled in a 6-month double-blind randomized trial of bilateral AAV2-<i>GAD</i> delivery into the STN compared with sham surgery and were followed for 12 months in open-label fashion. Subjects were assessed with clinical outcome measures and <sup>18</sup>F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET imaging. <b>RESULTS.</b> Improvements under the blind in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor scores in the AAV2-<i>GAD</i> group compared with the sham group continued at 12 months [time effect: <i>F</i>(4,138) = 11.55, <i>P</i> < 0.001; group effect: <i>F</i>(1,35) = 5.45, <i>P</i> < 0.03; repeated-measures ANOVA (RMANOVA)]. Daily duration of levodopa-induced dyskinesias significantly declined at 12 months in the AAV2-<i>GAD</i> group (<i>P</i> = 0.03; post-hoc Bonferroni test), while the sham group was unchanged. Analysis of all FDG PET images over 12 months revealed significant metabolic declines (<i>P</i> < 0.001; statistical parametric mapping RMANOVA) in the thalamus, striatum, and prefrontal, anterior cingulate, and orbitofrontal cortices in the AAV2-<i>GAD</i> group compared with the sham group. Across all time points, changes in regional metabolism differed for the two groups in all areas, with significant declines only in the AAV2-<i>GAD</i> group (<i>P</i> < 0.005; post-hoc Bonferroni tests). Furthermore, baseline metabolism in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) correlated with changes in motor UPDRS scores; the higher the baseline PFC metabolism, the better the clinical outcome. <b>CONCLUSION.</b> These findings show that clinical benefits after gene therapy with STN AAV2-<i>GAD</i> in PD patients persist at 12 months. <b>TRIAL REGISTRATION.</b> ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00643890. <b>FUNDING.</b> Neurologix Inc.
Distinct Patterns of B-Cell Activation and Priming by Natural Influenza Virus Infection Versus Inactivated Influenza Vaccination (2014)

Natural A(H1N1)pdm09 infection and inactivated A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccination result in very distinct patterns of B-cell activation and priming. These differences are likely to be associated with differences in protective immunity, especially cross-protection against heterovariant and heterosubtypic influenza virus strains.
I-Bin: Weight Based IoT Smart Recycling Scheduler for Guarded Neighbourhood (2020)

Overpopulation and lack of awareness are the main causes of poor waste management. While existing research in waste management employs current technology such as the Internet of Things, it lacks emphasis on residential centric type of waste management system. This project designs a weight based scheduling system for a guarded neighbourhood using Arduino Uno, load cells and plastic bins which are then incorporated with WiFi to send waste weight information in real time to cloud for monitoring.Design verification tests such as the linearity test and non-repeatability test showed less than 1 percent standard deviation error. A Proof of Concept test was conducted to test the system's performance at a guarded residential area.Analysis of test showed that an average of 0.0966kg of recyclable waste was collected per house. Based on theresults also, it is predicted that approximately 483kg of waste can be effectively collected from 10 residential areas using the I-Bin system. Residents tend to dispose waste after office hours and scheduling more waste collection frequency after office hours will lead to increased revenue for the recycling company.
Stable lithium fluoride-based cathodes for metal and metal-ion batteries (2023)

A battery electrode composition is provided that comprises composite particles. Each composite particle may comprise, for example, active lithium fluoride/metal nanocomposite material optionally embedded into a nanoporous, electrically-conductive skeleton matrix material particle(s), where each of these composite particles is further encased in a Li-ion permeable, chemically and mechanically robust, protective outer shell that is impermeable to electrolyte solvent molecules. The active lithium fluoride/metal nanocomposite material is provided to store and release Li ions during battery operation.
AVALIAÇÃO + NORMALIZAÇÃO: DESIGN COMO MODERADOR NA ANÁLISE DE BENS DE CONSUMO (2021)

O design das embalagens dos produtos depende do conhecimento de diferentes áreas, incluindo aquelas voltadas para a qualidade mecânica, como em Engenharia Mecânica, Química e de Produção, e outras informacionais e comunicativas, como em Design de Produto e Gráfico. É nesse contexto no qual esta pesquisa se debruça ante uma demanda do Inmetro na avaliação de usabilidade de embalagens. Durante o desenvolvimento desta, foi feito o uso de padrões nacionais de qualidade e de segurança para definir o campo de estudo, selecionar as baterias de teste e as diretrizes regulatórias, além de escolher as quantidades de amostra e perfis. Porém, mesmo com a diversidade dessas normas estabelecidas pela ABNT (2020) e pela ISO (2020) existe ainda uma lacuna quanto às diretrizes que tratam da ergonomia e usabilidade de produtos não digitais, principalmente no que diz respeito à interação com usuários reais. Neste artigo, são analisados ​​três diferentes modelos de embalagens comuns a diferentes alimentos, de vinte fabricantes diferentes. Os métodos, ferramentas, ambiente de teste, seleção de amostra e seleção de participantes são descritos na seção de metodologia do próximo tópico. Os resultados de fato apontam para o que se pode definir como uma maior preocupação que as empresas devem ter em relação a qualidade destes tipos de embalagens.
Nonlinear active suspension with preview (2001)

Optimal control with preview is investigated for a quarter-car, two-degree-of-freedom vehicle model, with a quadratic and quartic cost function. By solving a set of Euler-Lagrange equations, an optimization algorithm is derived to find the optimal control assuming complete knowledge of the disturbance (infinite time preview). The results give us merely an upper bound on the performance when using preview control, but suggest that nonlinear finite time preview controllers can contribute to substantial improvements in vehicle ride and/or handling performance.
Formal synthesis of kibdelomycin and derivatisation of amycolose glycosides (2023)

A convergent total synthesis of bacterial gyrase B/topoisomerase IV inhibitor kibdelomycin (a.k.a. amycolamicin) (1) was devised starting from inexpensive d-mannose and l-rhamnose, which were converted in new efficient ways to an <i>N</i>-acylated amycolose and an amykitanose derivative as late building blocks. For the former, we developed an expeditious, general method for the introduction of an α-aminoalkyl linkage into sugars <i>via</i> 3-Grignardation. The decalin core was built up in seven steps <i>via</i> an intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction. These building blocks could be assembled as published previously, making for a formal total synthesis of 1 in 2.8% overall yield. An alternative order of connecting the essential fragments was also made possible by the first protocol for the direct <i>N</i>-glycosylation of a 3-acyltetramic acid.
Effect of Grain Size on Reaction between Pb-Free Solder and Plated Iron (2005)

Recently the soldering iron tip has been severely damaged by molten Pb-free solders during operation due to the high reaction rate of metals in molten lead-free solder. The tip is usually protected by plated iron to prevent the direct contact of copper with molten solders. However, the plated iron tip is heavily dissolved into molten Pb-free solders and the life time of the iron tip is reduced. In this study the simple reaction test between Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu (mass%) solder and plated iron was carried out to estimate the dissolution of plated iron in molten Pb-free solder and the effect of the grain size of plated surface on the reaction between Pb-free solder and plated iron. An iron-plated copper was used as the test piece. The Pb-free solder was placed on the test piece and it was put into an oven held at 673, 703 and 733K for 3.6, 10.8 and 32.4ks. After heating, the dissolution thickness of plated iron was measured and the intermetallic compound between Pb-free solder and plated iron was analyzed by XRD. As a result, it has been made clear that the dissolution thickness of plated iron decreases with the decrease of the grain size and then the dissolution of plated iron in molten Pb-free solder is attributable to the grain size of plated iron.
Fluorescence-based microendoscopes for breast cancer ductoscopy (2006)

Recently microendoscopes are being developed as a tool to detection cancer or pre-cancerous lesions in the milk ducts of the human breast. The microendoscope can be inserted into the duct through the nipple. Integration of fluorescence spectroscopy into microendoscopy can provide an improved platform for real-time cancer detection followed by immediate intervention. Typically, the optical fibers employed by existing microendoscope systems transmit in the 450 to 900 nm range. A prototype system combining fluorescence spectroscopy with visible imaging by microendoscopy is described and preliminary measurements on ex vivo human breast tissues are presented. Image resolution and distortion are discussed.
Cyclizations of N-Acyliminium Ions (2004)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCyclizations of N-Acyliminium IonsBruce E. Maryanoff, Han-Cheng Zhang, Judith H. Cohen, Ignatius J. Turchi, and Cynthia A. MaryanoffView Author Information Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2004, 104, 3, 1431–1628Publication Date (Web):March 10, 2004Publication History Received7 July 2003Published online10 March 2004Published inissue 1 March 2004https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr0306182https://doi.org/10.1021/cr0306182research-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2004 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views20992Altmetric-Citations588LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Amides,Cyclization,Hydrocarbons,Ions,Molecular structure Get e-Alerts
Supplementary figures from A Digital RNA Signature of Circulating Tumor Cells Predicting Early Therapeutic Response in Localized and Metastatic Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;All supplementary figures&lt;/p&gt;
Performance Evaluation of Video Codecs in the Space Environment (2007)

In human missions to other planets and natural satellites (e.g., return to the Moon and future missions to Mars), there will be a need to provide video services for such functions as monitoring analysis, personal private video conversations and general public outreach. There is a desire to provide these services by leveraging terrestrial Internet concepts and technology. In this work we focus on the video performance mechanisms as they are impacted in a space environment where long range latencies and bit errors arise in the wireless/RF links. We provide results from experiments using open source implementations of commercial video standards. Both Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Structural Similarity (SSIM) are used as a performance metrics.
Argatroban Inhibits Intraocular Fibrin Formation After Vitrectomy in Rabbits (2000)

Argatroban may be useful clinically in cases that often produce fibrin postoperatively, such as proliferative vitreoretinopathy and proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
Hierarchy and Roles of Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern-Induced Responses in Nicotiana benthamiana (2011)

Our current understanding of pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity signaling pathways in plants is limited due to the redundancy of several components or the lethality of mutants in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). To overcome this, we used a virus-induced gene silencing-based approach in combination with pharmacological studies to decipher links between early PAMP-triggered immunity events and their roles in immunity following PAMP perception in Nicotiana benthamiana. Two different calcium influx inhibitors suppressed the reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst: activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and PAMP-induced gene expression. The calcium burst was unaffected in plants specifically silenced for components involved in ROS generation or for MAPKs activated by PAMP treatment. Importantly, the ROS burst still occurred in plants silenced for the two major defense-associated MAPK genes NbSIPK (for salicylic acid-induced protein kinase) and NbWIPK (for wound-induced protein kinase) or for both genes simultaneously, demonstrating that these MAPKs are dispensable for ROS production. We further show that NbSIPK silencing is sufficient to prevent PAMP-induced gene expression but that both MAPKs are required for bacterial immunity against two virulent strains of Pseudomonas syringae and their respective nonpathogenic mutants. These results suggest that the PAMP-triggered calcium burst is upstream of separate signaling branches, one leading to MAPK activation and then gene expression and the other to ROS production. In addition, this study highlights the essential roles of NbSIPK and NbWIPK in antibacterial immunity. Unexpectedly, negative regulatory mechanisms controlling the intensity of the PAMP-triggered calcium and ROS bursts were also revealed by this work.
Genome Editing and Engineering (2018)

Recent advances in genome editing tools using endonucleases such as TALENs, ZFNs, and CRISPRs, combined with genomic engineering technologies, have opened up a wide range of opportunities from applications in the basic sciences and disease biology research, to the potential for clinical applications and the development of new diagnostic tools. This complete guide to endonuclease-based genomic engineering gives readers a thorough understanding of this rapidly expanding field. Chapters cover the discovery, basic science, and application of these techniques, focusing particularly on their potential relevance to the treatment of cancer, and cardiovascular and immunological disease. The final section discusses the legal and ethical issues which accompany the technology. Providing authoritative coverage of the potential that genome editing and engineering have, this is an ideal reference for researchers and graduate students and those working in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries, as well as in a clinical setting
Methanol Steam Reforming for Hydrogen Production (2007)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMethanol Steam Reforming for Hydrogen ProductionDaniel R. Palo, Robert A. Dagle, and Jamie D. HolladayView Author Information Microproducts Breakthrough Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon 97330 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 10, 3992–4021Publication Date (Web):September 11, 2007Publication History Received8 January 2007Published online11 September 2007Published inissue 1 October 2007https://doi.org/10.1021/cr050198bCopyright © 2007 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views20318Altmetric-Citations828LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Alcohols,Catalysts,Fuel cells,Hydrogen,Water Get e-Alerts
Nanostructured electrochromic smart windows: traditional materials and NIR-selective plasmonic nanocrystals (2014)

Electrochromic devices, which dynamically change colour under applied potential, are widely studied for use in energy-efficient smart windows. To improve the viability of smart windows, many researchers are utilizing nanomaterials, which can provide electrochromic devices with improved colouration efficiencies, faster switching times, longer cycle lives, and potentially reduced costs. In an effort to demonstrate a new type of electrochromic device that goes beyond the capabilities of commonly used electrochromic materials, researchers have turned to plasmonic transparent conductive oxide (TCO) nanocrystals. Electrochemical injection of electrons into plasmonic TCO nanocrystal films induces a shift in the plasmon frequency and gives rise to the new functionality of selective optical modulation in the near-infrared region of the solar spectrum. These nanocrystals can be used as building blocks to enable creation of advanced electrochromic devices containing mesoporous electrodes or nanocrystal-in-glass composites. Such devices have been important in advancing the field towards achieving the ideal smart window with independent control over visible and NIR transmittance.
Investigation of High-Accuracy Indoor 3-D Positioning Using UWB Technology (2008)

There are many challenges in building an ultra-wideband (UWB) indoor local positioning system for high-accuracy applications. These challenges include reduced accuracy due to multipath interference, sampling rate limitations, tag synchronization, and antenna phase-center variation. Each of these factors must be addressed to achieve millimeter or sub-millimeter accuracy. The developed system architecture is presented where a 300-ps Gaussian pulse modulates an 8-GHz carrier signal and is transmitted through an omni-directional UWB antenna. Receiver-side peak detection, a low-cost subsequential-sampling mixer utilizing a direct digital synthesizer, high fidelity 10-MHz crystals, and Vivaldi phase-center calibration are utilized to mitigate these challenging problems. Synchronized and unsynchronized experimental results validated with a sub-millimeter accurate optical tracking system are presented with a detailed discussion of various system errors.
The dosage of human chorionic gonadotropins influences the relationship between progesterone and cycle outcome during in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer. (2001)

Increasing the dose of hCG used to stimulate oocyte maturity shifts the previously described relationship between progesterone and IVF-ET-cycle outcome. However, while it remains unclear if progesterone can be used as a predictor of outcome at the higher hCG dose, it appears clear that a relationship exists between minimal progesterone response to hCG and cycle failure.
Feasibility study on a new visualization technique of discharge-emitted electromagnetic waves with time-domain measurements (2012)

As for the insulation diagnosis of the electric power apparatus and the measurement of electromagnetic interference (EMI), a position location technique of the electromagnetic(EM) wave radiation source is required. Although there are many researches on the position location technique of the EM wave radiation source, it still remains the difficulties to readily understanding the result, i.e., the position of the source, and to immediately recognize the validity of the result. From this point of view, we have newly developed a visualization equipment of EM wave radiation source with a new visualization idea using the time-domain measurement technique. The frequency band of the antenna was selected to detect the UHF band signals because of the consideration of the insulation diagnosis by the UHF method for the power apparatus as well as the detection of electrostatic discharge(ESD). From this point of view, feasibility study has carried out and lots of advantages of this visualization method was experimentally confirmed. In this paper, we firstly introduced the concept of the proposed visualization method and the configuration of the system. Then, we showed the application results of this visualization equipment to the corona discharge generated in a real outdoor substation.
RNaselll activation of bacteriophage λ N synthesis (1991)

The bacteriophage lambda N gene product is one of the first genes expressed during phage development. N protein allows the expression of other phage genes by altering the transcription elongation process so as to prevent transcription termination. We have found that N levels may be modulated soon after induction or infection. Using N-lacZ fusions, we determined that cells containing RNaselll have at least a fourfold greater expression than cells defective for RNaselll. This effect is exerted at the post-transcriptional level. RNaselll processes an RNA stem structure in the N-leader RNA. Removal of the stem structure by deletion increases N expression and prevents further stimulation by RNaselll. The base of this stable stem is adjacent to the N ribosome binding site. We present a model for control of N synthesis in which this stable stem inhibits ribosome access to the N mRNA.
3D printed optics with nanometer scale surface roughness (2018)

Complex optical devices including aspherical focusing mirrors, solar concentrator arrays, and immersion lenses were 3D printed using commercial technology and experimentally demonstrated by evaluating surface roughness and shape. The as-printed surfaces had surface roughness on the order of tens of microns. To improve this unacceptable surface quality for creating optics, a polymer smoothing technique was developed. Atomic force microscopy and optical profilometry showed that the smoothing technique reduced the surface roughness to a few nanometers, consistent with the requirements of high-quality optics, while tests of optical functionality demonstrated that the overall shapes were maintained so that near theoretically predicted operation was achieved. The optical surface smoothing technique is a promising approach towards using 3D printing as a flexible tool for prototyping and fabrication of miniaturized high-quality optics.