gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Initiation and control of ovulation in the mouse luteal phases. Effects of oestrogen, progesterone and prolactin (1986)

Abstract. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of exogenous oestrogen and progesterone on ovulation in early pregnant mice and at the end of pseudopregnancy. The results demonstrate that there are mature follicles during early pregnancy which were induced to ovulate by administration of large doses of oestrogen (≥ 10 μg) on day 4 of pregnancy. Ovulation was also induced by inhibition of progesterone secretion with bromocriptine. If progesterone or prolactin was given in conjunction with bromocriptine, the ovulation effect was abolished. At the end of pseudopregnancy, the spontaneous ovulation was inhibited by injections of progesterone (1.0 mg). Oestrogen given by itself at the end of pseudopregnancy caused the animals to mate earlier than the control animals. This confirms the presence of mature follicles in mice during pregnancy and suggests that the LH peak needed for ovulation can either be provoked by administration of oestrogen or by blocking of progesterone.
Induced costimulatory molecule-B7h costimulatory pathway in alloimmune regulation (2005)

Purpose of review T-cell costimulatory signal blockade has demonstrated enormous potential in transplantation. In particular, the discovery of CD28/B7 and CD40/CD154 interactions and the subsequent manipulation of these pathways with monoclonal antibodies and/or fusion proteins has resulted in long-term allograft survival in several experimental models. Induced costimulatory molecule-B7h represents another pathway that has been shown to have an important role in alloimmune responses. This review summarizes the current understanding of the role of induced costimulatory molecule-B7h pathway in immune regulation with special emphasis on alloimmunity and transplantation tolerance. Recent findings This review highlights important recent developments regarding both the role of induced costimulatory molecule/B7h pathway in alloimmune responses and transplantation tolerance in solid and bone marrow grafts and the proposed mechanism of action of induced costimulatory molecule/B7h molecules on various cell types. Summary Induced costimulatory molecule/B7h pathway has been shown to play a critical role in T-cell activation and differentiation and the regulation of alloimmune responses in vivo. Several transplantation tolerance approaches involving induced costimulatory molecule-B7h blockade have resulted in significantly improved allograft survival. Further improvement in strategies involving induced costimulatory molecule/B7h pathway that result in long-term tolerance and elucidation of the functions and mechanisms of the induced costimulatory molecule-B7h pathway in regulating alloimmune responses in vivo constitute goals of future research.
Simultaneous optical digital half-subtraction and -addition using SOAs and a PPLN waveguide (2007)

We demonstrate an optical half-subtracter and half-adder module that performs simultaneous bit-wise subtraction and addition of two 5 Gbit/s RZ data streams. We generate Borrow (/X*Y) and Difference/Sum (X plus sign in circleY, or XOR) outputs using cross-gain modulation (XGM) in two parallel SOAs. Taking advantage of the gain saturation inherent to SOAs, we generate two signals, /X*Y, and X*/Y, and combine them using a passive optical coupler to generate the XOR Difference/Sum output. We use difference-frequency-generation-based lambda-conversion in a PPLN waveguide to generate the Carry (X*Y) output. The PPLN waveguide allows bit-synchronous wavelength shifting, is wide-bandwidth, and offers no intrinsic chirp. Our module uses three active elements to perform simultaneous half-subtraction and addition, and carries a maximum power penalty of 1.0 dB.
Towards Deep Learning Guided Autonomous Eye Surgery Using Microscope and iOCT Images (2023)

Recent advancements in retinal surgery have paved the way for a modern operating room equipped with a surgical robot, a microscope, and intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT)- a depth sensor widely used in retinal surgery. Integrating these tools raises the fundamental question of how to effectively combine them to enable surgical autonomy. In this work, we tackle this question by developing a unified framework that facilitates real-time autonomous surgical workflows leveraging these devices. The system features: (1) a novel imaging system that integrates the microscope and iOCT in real-time by dynamically tracking the surgical instrument via a small iOCT scanning region, providing real-time depth feedback; (2) implementation of convolutional neural networks (CNN) that automatically detect and segment task-relevant information for surgical autonomy; (3) intuitive selection of goal waypoints within both the microscope and iOCT views through simple mouse-click interactions; and (4) integration of model predictive control (MPC) for trajectory generation, ensuring patient safety by implementing safety-related kinematic constraints. The system's utility is demonstrated by automating subretinal injection (SI), a challenging procedure with high accuracy and depth perception requirements. We validate our system by conducting 30 successful SI trials on pig eyes, achieving mean needle insertion accuracy of 26 micrometers to various subretinal goals and mean duration of 55 seconds. Preliminary comparisons to a human operator performing SI in robot-assisted mode highlight the enhanced safety of our system. Project website is here: https://sites.google.com/view/eyesurgerymicroscopeoct/home
Planar Semiconductor THz Antennas Using Spoof Plasmons for Surface Sensing (2018)

Spoof surface plasmons are bound electromagnetic modes that are formed on corrugated metal surfaces. In particular for Terahertz operating frequencies they allow subwavelength electromagnetic confinement. Their dispersion relation can be controlled by their geometric parameters of subwavelength grooves. In this letter a novel semiconductor design for spoof plasmons with patterned doping and a planar surface is presented. This design shows a higher field confinement and sensitivity compared to a plasmonic semiconductor with constant doping or metallic spoof plasmons.
Thermal vibration analysis of two organic phosphates. Comparison with far-IR spectra (2002)

Since the discovery of Mn12-acetate in the early 80s and the subsequent determination of its single molecule magnet (SMM) characteristics, interest in the area of large metal clusters, particularly Mn cluster chemistry, has continued to grow. To date, several SMMs have been identified including Fe8, V4, Mn4 and Mn12 clusters but it has been found that Mn clusters often possess large values of ground state spin -an important requirement for SMM behaviour. Our group is interested in the synthesis of new Mn clusters and the investigation of their structural and magnetic properties. The focus currently is on the incorporation of bridging ligands other than O-donor ligands such as benzamidinate (bza-), which is an N-donor, isoelectronic analogue of benzoate. A [Mn4O(bza)6] tetramer was formed by the reaction of a MnII salt with deprotonated ligand under an inert atmosphere. The core consists of four MnII atoms arranged tetrahedrally around an oxygen atom. Each metal atom has a pseudo-tetrahedral arrangement of nitrogen atoms around it with each of the six bza-groups forming a bridge between two metal centres. A [Mn3O(bza)6(pyr)3] trimer was formed from a comproportionation reaction between a MnII salt and MnO4 -in the presence of bza. The cluster is mixed valent (2MnIII, MnII) and possess an oxo-centred Mn3O unit with 6 bzagroups providing peripheral ligation and three pyridine groups in terminal positions. The magnetic properties are similar to those of the benzoate analogue. Work is in progress on larger clusters of benzamidinate and with other bridging ligands.
Heteroepitaxial Growth of GaN on 6H-SiC(0001) by Plasma-Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy (2002)

We report on the correlation between growth conditions and defect densities, as well as the defect generation mechanism, for GaN directly deposited on H-etched SiC(0001) by plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy. 10 nm thin GaN nucleation layers were deposited at different conditions (600 to 800 °C, Ga-lean to Ga-rich). The island size increased from about 50 nm (600 °C, Ga-lean) to about 250 nm (800 °C, Ga-rich). Additionally, we examine epilayers nucleated under these conditions but overgrown with 300 nm GaN (720 °C, Ga-stable). These samples clearly show atomic steps, however, they exhibit rather different defect densities for different nucleation conditions (1011 cm—2 for 600 °C and Ga-lean to 1010 cm—2 for 800 °C and Ga-rich) as determined by plan-view transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, we performed growth-stop experiments using GaN-thicknesses ranging 2 to 2000 nm for studying the defect generation. It appears that island coalescence is the main source of threading dislocations.
Metabolism of Pantethine in Cystinosis (1986)

Peer Reviewed
Differential immunoglobulin G subclass antibody titers to respiratory syncytial virus F and G glycoproteins in adults (1987)

Two respiratory syncytial virus glycoproteins, F and G, which differ substantially in the amount of glycosylation were used as antigens in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to determine immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass titers in 30 experimentally infected healthy adults. The titers of antibodies to the F glycoprotein achieved in postinfection sera were highest in the IgG1 subclass, whereas those to the G glycoprotein were highest and comparable in the IgG1 and IgG2 subclasses. The high IgG2 response to the G glycoprotein suggests that it is seen by the immune system as a polysaccharide antigen, a hypothesis consistent with its large carbohydrate content.
Controlling the Degradation Profile of Mg Biomedical Devices by Alloy Design and Thermomechanical Processing (2024)

Magnesium (Mg) alloys are gaining interest for biodegradable medical implant devices due to a good combination of mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Nevertheless, the fast degradation rates of Mg and its biocompatible alloys in the aggressive physiological environment impose limitations on their clinical applications. This necessitates the development of Mg based implants with controlled degradation rates to match the kinetics of the bone and tissue healing process and to avoid any complications or issues that might negatively impact surrounding tissues. The current study presents alloy design and thermomechanical processing to optimize the mechanical and biological properties of a new proprietary Mg based alloy. Its corrosion profiles have been evaluated by a combination of in vitro and in vivo experimental studies. The corrosion rates of laboratory samples and prototype devices have been examined via long term immersion studies by measuring the cumulative amount of hydrogen (H2) that is emitted by samples. The cumulative H2 measurements have a direct correlation to the mass loss that the Mg alloy samples undergo during the duration of the tests. The results of the current in vitro corrosion studies are compared to 52 week small animal studies to develop predictive models for designing future biomedical devices.
A Human–Computer Interface Replacing Mouse and Keyboard for Individuals with Limited Upper Limb Mobility (2020)

People with physical disabilities in their upper extremities face serious issues in using classical input devices due to lacking movement possibilities and precision. This article suggests an alternative input concept and presents corresponding input devices. The proposed interface combines an inertial measurement unit and force sensing resistors, which can replace mouse and keyboard. Head motions are mapped to mouse pointer positions, while mouse button actions are triggered by contracting mastication muscles. The contact pressures of each fingertip are acquired to replace the conventional keyboard. To allow for complex text entry, the sensory concept is complemented by an ambiguous keyboard layout with ten keys. The related word prediction function provides disambiguation at word level. Haptic feedback is provided to users corresponding to their virtual keystrokes for enhanced closed-loop interactions. This alternative input system enables text input as well as the emulation of a two-button mouse.
Simple, stable, compact implementation of frequency-division-multiplexed microscopy by inline interferometry (2019)

Frequency-division-multiplexed (FDM) imaging is a powerful method for high-speed imaging that surpasses the speed limit of conventional imaging constrained by the frame rate of image sensors. However, its complexity, instability, and bulkiness deriving from the implementation with a Mach-Zehnder interferometer hamper its practical applications. Here we demonstrate a simple, stable, and compact implementation of FDM imaging by inline interferometry that makes the method readily available to practical situations. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, we demonstrate 2D bright-field and fluorescence image acquisition of fluorescent beads, microalgal cells, and breast cancer cells within 65.5 μs, corresponding to 15,300 frames per second.
Life Cycle Modeling of Concrete Bridge Design: Comparison of Engineered Cementitious Composite Link Slabs and Conventional Steel Expansion Joints (2005)

Peer Reviewed
FlashNormalize: programming by examples for text normalization (2015)

Several applications including text-to-speech re-quire some normalized format of non-standard words in various domains such as numbers, dates, and currencies and in various human languages. The traditional approach of manually constructing a program for such a normalization task requires expertise in both programming and target (human) language and further does not scale to a large num-ber of domain, format, and target language combi-nations. We propose to learn programs for such normaliza-tion tasks through examples. We present a domain-specific programming language that offers appro-priate abstractions for succinctly describing such normalization tasks, and then present a novel search algorithm that can effectively learn programs in this language from input-output examples. We also briefly describe domain-specific heuristics for guid-ing users of our system to provide representative examples for normalization tasks related to that do-main. Our experiments show that we are able to effectively learn desired programs for a variety of normalization tasks. 1
DAC: Distributed Asynchronous Cooperation for Wireless Relay Networks (2010)

Cooperative relay is a communication paradigm that aims to realize the capacity of multi-antenna arrays in a distributed manner. However, the symbol-level synchronization requirement among distributed relays limits its use in practice. We propose to circumvent this barrier with a cross-layer protocol called Distributed Asynchronous Cooperation (DAC). With DAC, multiple relays can schedule concurrent transmissions with packet-level (hence coarse) synchronization. The receiver then extracts multiple versions of each relayed packet via a collision-resolution algorithm, thus realizing the diversity gain of cooperative communication. We demonstrate the feasibility of DAC by prototyping and testing it on the GNURadio/USRP software radio platform. To explore its relevance at the network level, we introduce a DAC-based MAC, and a generic approach to integrate the DAC MAC/PHY layer into a typical routing algorithm. Considering the use of DAC for multiple network flows, we analyze the fundamental tradeoff between the improvement in diversity gain and the reduction in multiplexing opportunities. DAC is shown to improve the throughput and delay performance of lossy networks with medium-level link quality. Our analytical results are also confirmed by network-level simulation in ns-2.
Space-Efficient Sampling from Social Activity Streams (2012)

In order to efficiently study the characteristics of network domains and support development of network systems (e.g. algorithms, protocols that operate on networks), it is often necessary to sample a representative subgraph from a large complex network. Although recent subgraph sampling methods have been shown to work well, they focus on sampling from memory-resident graphs and assume that the sampling algorithm can access the entire graph in order to decide which nodes/edges to select. Many large-scale network datasets, however, are too large and/or dynamic to be processed using main memory (e.g., email, tweets, wall posts). In this work, we formulate the problem of sampling from large graph streams. We propose a streaming graph sampling algorithm that dynamically maintains a representative sample in a reservoir based setting. We evaluate the efficacy of our proposed methods empirically using several real-world data sets. Across all datasets, we found that our method produce samples that preserve better the original graph distributions.
O2–07–05: Investigations of brain glucose utilization in three transgenic mouse strains that develop neuropathological features of Alzheimer's disease (2013)

Brain glucose utilization imaging, such as FDG-PET, is proving to be a powerful tool for the detection and monitoring of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Brain glucose utilization is a functional biomarker that is most tightly coupled to neuronal activity, but its relationship to AD-related neuropathologies remains somewhat unclear. To investigate this relationship further, we measured brain uptake of 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG), a preclinical FDG analog, in transgenic mice which develop certain neuropathological features of AD. Cross-sectional studies were performed in the following transgenic mice strains: (1) PD-APP mice which overexpress human mutated amyloid precursor protein (APP), (2) TASTPM mice which overexpress human mutated APP and presenilin (PS-1) genes, and (3) TauPS2APP mice which overexpress human mutated APP, PS-2, and tau. All of these mice develop amyloid plaques in the cortex and hippocampus in an age-dependent manner, and the TauPS2APP mice additionally exhibit hyperphosphorylated tau. The results showed reduced 2-DG uptake in the frontoparietal cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus of 11 month old TASTPM mice compared to age-matched wild type mice. To a similar extent, decreased 2-DG uptake was observed in 25 month old female triple transgenic mice in the frontoparietal cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, and amygdala regions compared to age-matched wild type mice. Amyloid plaque levels where high in both of these cohorts, and the TauPS2APP mice exhibited high levels of hyperphosphorylated tau. Correlation analyses between regional 2-DG uptake and quantified amyloid plaque load revealed a negative relationship between the two within the cortex, thalamus, and amygdala regions. A longitudinal microPET study is ongoing in TASTPM mice combining [18 F]-FDG and [18 F]-Florbetapir scans to further characterize the relationship between glucose utilization and amyloid plaque deposition. The current studies have positive implications for the development of translational biomarkers of AD, such as combined imaging for regional metabolic activity and amyloid deposits in animals and humans.
Stimuli-responsive electrospun fibers and their applications (2011)

Stimuli-responsive electrospun nanofibers are gaining considerable attention as highly versatile tools which offer great potential in the biomedical field. In this critical review, an overview is given on recent advances made in the development and application of stimuli-responsive fibers. The specific features of these electrospun fibers are highlighted and discussed in view of the properties required for the diverse applications. Furthermore, several novel biomedical applications are discussed and the respective advantages and shortcomings inherent to stimuli-responsive electrospun fibers are addressed (136 references).
A 45 nm CMOS node Cu/Low-k/ Ultra Low-k PECVD SiCOH (k=2.4) BEOL Technology (2006)

A high performance 45nm BEOL technology with proven reliability is presented. This BEOL has a hierarchical architecture with up to 10 wiring levels with 5 in PECVD SiCOH (k=3.0), and 3 in a newly-developed advanced PECVD ultralow-k (ULK) porous SiCOH (k=2.4). Led by extensive circuit performance estimates, the detrimental impact of scaling on BEOL parasitics was overcome by strategic introduction of ULK at 2times wiring levels, and increased 1times wire aspect ratios in low-k, both done without compromising reliability. This design point maximizes system performance without adding significant risk, cost or complexity. The new ULK SiCOH film offers superior integration performance and mechanical properties at the expected k-value. The dual damascene scheme (non-poisoning, homogeneous ILD, no trench etch-stop or CMP polish-stop layers) was extended from prior generations for all wiring levels. Reliability of the 45 nm-scaled Cu wiring in both low-k and ULK levels are proven to meet the criteria of prior generations. Fundamental solutions are implemented which enable successful ULK chip-package interaction (CPI) reliability, including in the most aggressive organic flip-chip FCPBGA packages. This represents the first successful implementation of Cu/ULK BEOL to meet technology reliability qualification criteria
Session details: Theme: AI and agents: HCI - Smart human computer interaction track (2019)

As the track chairs of the Smart Human Computer Interaction, we would like to publish the latest, innovative, and outstanding research results in the ACM SAC 2019. This track was called for papers and participation in the 34th ACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied Computing held in Limassol, Cyprus, on April 8 -- 12, 2019. The major components of the track were human and computer interaction.
Augmentation of Distal Biceps Repair With an Acellular Dermal Graft Restores Native Biomechanical Properties in a Tendon-Deficient Model (2017)

Dermal augmentation of the distal biceps is a biomechanically feasible option for patients with an attritionally thinned-out tendon.
Chimeric TASP molecules as biosensors (2005)

A chimeric TASP (Template Assembled Synthetic Proteins) mol., consisting of a 4-helix bundle motif and an antibody recognition site, has been covalently attached to a gold surface. The reversible antibody binding to the self-assembled monolayer as monitored by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy demonstrates the versatility of the TASP concept for the construction of biosensors. [on SciFinder (R)]
Evaluation of Sites for Advanced Reactor Demonstrations at Idaho National Laboratory (2020)

The purpose of this siting evaluation is to identify a list of candidate site locations or areas within INL boundaries for onsite demonstration of advanced reactors. A comparison of suitable advanced reactor sites is provided and includes evaluation of existing buildings, previously developed sites, and undeveloped sites across the INL Site.
The origin of efficiency droop in GaN-based light-emitting diodes and its solution (2008)

The physical origin of efficiency droop in GaN-based light-emitting diodes when driven with high current is systematically investigated. Based on our simulations and experimental results, a polarization-matched active region is proposed as the solution.