gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Random lasing in bone tissue: potential as novel spectroscopy for dynamical analysis of nanostructures (2010)

We, for the first time, demonstrate coherent random lasing action in bone tissue infused with laser dye. This could potentially be used to probe structural alterations at nanoscales in real-time as a novel spectroscopic modality.
Finite Element Design of Single-Polarization Single-Mode Photonic Crystal Fibers (2003)

A new structure of single-polarization single-mode photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is proposed and designed through a full-vector finite element method. The PCF propagates only the slow-axis mode within the wavelengths ranging from 1.5 μm to 1.6 μm.
Solution and crystal structure of cytisine, a quinolizidine alkaloid (1987)

The solution and crystal structure of the alkaloid cytisine has been studied using n.m.r. techniques and X-ray crystallography respectively. 1H and 13C relaxation parameters and coupling constants have been used to (i) study the motion of cytisine in solution and (ii) measure interatomic distance and dihedral angles. Agreement, within experimental error, has been found between the solution and crystal parameters.
Enantioselective Aldehyde α-Nitroalkylation via Oxidative Organocatalysis (2009)

The first enantioselective organocatalytic alpha-nitroalkylation of aldehydes has been accomplished. The aforementioned process involves the oxidative coupling of an enamine intermediate, generated transiently via condensation of an amine catalyst with an aldehyde, with a silyl nitronate to produce a beta-nitroaldehyde. Two methods, one that furnishes the syn beta-nitroaldehyde and a second that provides access to the anti isomer, have been developed. Data are presented to support a hypothesis that explains this phenomenon in terms of a silyl group-controlled change in mechanism. Finally, a three-step procedure for the synthesis of both syn- and anti-alpha,beta-disubstituted beta-amino acids is presented.
Rev Response Elements (RRE) in Lentiviruses: An RNAMotif Algorithm‐Based Strategy for RRE Prediction (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Prototype Testing of a Novel Four-bed Regenerative Silica Gel-water Adsorption Chiller (2003)

A prototype 4-bed regenerative adsorption chiller, of 5 Rton nominal cooling capacity, has been designed and commissioned. Harmless materials are used in the adsorption chiller, namely, silica gel is the adsorbent and the refrigerant is water. The performance tests on the prototype chiller were conducted under steady supply of heat source and coolant temperatures using a purpose-built rating facility. In the paper, the performance of a 4-bed adsorption chiller is evaluated for various cycle-time, switching-time and system inlet temperatures, and optimal conditions for each heat source temperature are identified. By adopting a multi-bed arrangement, the chiller exhibits a superior heat extraction capability (hence higher cooling capacity) from a given heat source where each bed rotates its turn to be the master, and thereby maximizing energy utilization within the batch-operated cycles. For a fair comparison, the performance of the 4-bed chiller is compared with that of a 2-bed operating mode, working under the same coolant, energy and heat exchanger resources.
Imaging tropical peatlands in Indonesia using ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity imaging (ERI): implications for carbon stock estimates and peat soil characterization (2015)

Abstract. Current estimates of carbon (C) storage in peatland systems worldwide indicate that tropical peatlands comprise about 15% of the global peat carbon pool. Such estimates are uncertain due to data gaps regarding organic peat soil thickness, volume and C content. We combined a set of indirect geophysical methods (ground-penetrating radar, GPR, and electrical resistivity imaging, ERI) with direct observations using core sampling and C analysis to determine how geophysical imaging may enhance traditional coring methods for estimating peat thickness and C storage in a tropical peatland system in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Both GPR and ERI methods demonstrated their capability to estimate peat thickness in tropical peat soils at a spatial resolution not feasible with traditional coring methods. GPR is able to capture peat thickness variability at centimeter-scale vertical resolution, although peat thickness determination was difficult for peat columns exceeding 5 m in the areas studied, due to signal attenuation associated with thick clay-rich transitional horizons at the peat–mineral soil interface. ERI methods were more successful for imaging deeper peatlands with thick organomineral layers between peat and underlying mineral soil. Results obtained using GPR methods indicate less than 3% variation in peat thickness (when compared to coring methods) over low peat–mineral soil interface gradients (i.e., below 0.02°) and show substantial impacts in C storage estimates (i.e., up to 37 MgC ha−1 even for transects showing a difference between GPR and coring estimates of 0.07 m in average peat thickness). The geophysical data also provide information on peat matrix attributes such as thickness of organomineral horizons between peat and underlying substrate, the presence of buried wood, buttressed trees or tip-up pools and soil type. The use of GPR and ERI methods to image peat profiles at high resolution can be used to further constrain quantification of peat C pools and inform responsible peatland management in Indonesia and elsewhere in the tropics.
Tuning the formation of SAMs of Conjugated Thiols on Gold: Base Matters (2010)

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Fidelius: Protecting User Secrets from Compromised Browsers (2018)

Users regularly enter sensitive data, such as passwords, credit card numbers, or tax information, into the browser window. While modern browsers provide powerful client-side privacy measures to protect this data, none of these defenses prevent a browser compromised by malware from stealing it. In this work, we present Fidelius, a new architecture that uses trusted hardware enclaves integrated into the browser to enable protection of user secrets during web browsing sessions, even if the entire underlying browser and OS are fully controlled by a malicious attacker. Fidelius solves many challenges involved in providing protection for browsers in a fully malicious environment, offering support for integrity and privacy for form data, JavaScript execution, XMLHttpRequests, and protected web storage, while minimizing the TCB. Moreover, interactions between the enclave and the browser, the keyboard, and the display all require new protocols, each with their own security considerations. Finally, Fidelius takes into account UI considerations to ensure a consistent and simple interface for both developers and users. As part of this project, we develop the first open source system that provides a trusted path from input and output peripherals to a hardware enclave with no reliance on additional hypervisor security assumptions. These components may be of independent interest and useful to future projects. We implement and evaluate Fidelius to measure its performance overhead, finding that Fidelius imposes acceptable overhead on page load and user interaction for secured pages and has no impact on pages and page components that do not use its enhanced security features.
Location of the unique integration site on an Escherichia coli chromosome by bacteriophage lambda DNA in vivo (2014)

The search for specific sequences on long genomes is a key process in many biological contexts. How can specific target sequences be located with high efficiency, within physiologically relevant times? We addressed this question for viral integration, a fundamental mechanism of horizontal gene transfer driving prokaryotic evolution, using the infection of Escherichia coli bacteria with bacteriophage λ and following the establishment of a lysogenic state. Following the targeting process in individual live E. coli cells in real time revealed that λ DNA remains confined near the entry point of a cell following infection. The encounter between the 15-bp-long target sequence on the chromosome and the recombination site on the viral genome is facilitated by the directed motion of bacterial DNA generated during chromosome replication, in conjunction with constrained diffusion of phage DNA. Moving the native bacterial integration site to different locations on the genome and measuring the integration frequency in these strains reveals that the frequencies of the native site and a site symmetric to it relative to the origin are similar, whereas both are significantly higher than when the integration site is moved near the terminus, consistent with the replication-driven mechanism we propose. This novel search mechanism is yet another example of the exquisite coevolution of λ with its host.
ChemInform Abstract: Sweet and Umami Taste: Natural Products, Their Chemosensory Targets, and Beyond (2011)

Abstract Review: ca. 200 refs.
Polycrystalline thin film materials and devices. Annual subcontract report, 16 January 1990--15 January 1991 (1991)

Results and conclusion of Phase I of a multi-year research program on polycrystalline thin film solar cells are presented. The research comprised investigation of the relationships among processing, materials properties and device performance of both CuInSe{sub 2} and CdTe solar cells. The kinetics of the formation of CuInSe{sub 2} by selenization with hydrogen selenide was investigated and a CuInSe{sub 2}/CdS solar cell was fabricated. An alternative process involving the reaction of deposited copper-indium-selenium layers was used to obtain single phase CuInSe{sub 2} films and a cell efficiency of 7%. Detailed investigations of the open circuit voltage of CuInSe{sub 2} solar cells showed that a simple Shockley-Read-Hall recombination mechanism can not account for the limitations in open circuit voltage. Examination of the influence of CuInSe{sub 2} thickness on cell performance indicated that the back contact behavior has a significant effect when the CuInSe{sub 2} is less than 1 micron thick. CdTe/CdS solar cells with efficiencies approaching 10% can be repeatedly fabricated using physical vapor deposition and serial post deposition processing. The absence of moisture during post deposition was found to be critical. Improvements in short circuit current of CdTe solar cells to levels approaching 25 mA/cm{sup 2} are achievable by making the CdS window layer thinner. Further reductions in the CdS window layer thickness are presently limited by interdiffusion between the CdS and the CdTe. CdTe/CdS cells stored without protection from the atmosphere were found to degrade. The degradation was attributed to the metal contact. CdTe cells with ZnTe:Cu contacts to the CdTe were found to be more stable than cells with metal contacts. Analysis of current-voltage and spectral response of CdTe/CdS cells indicates the cell operates as a p-n heterojunction with the diode current dominated by SRH recombination in the junction region of the CdTe.
Risk of Assessing Mortality Risk in Elective Cardiac Operations (2009)

A risk model limited to 3 independent predictors has similar or better accuracy and calibration compared with more complex risk scores if applied to elective cardiac operations.
Toward a Flexible Design of SDN Dynamic Control Plane: An Online Optimization Approach (2019)

With a centralized control over the forwarding devices and the embedded flows, Software Defined Networking promises to increase the flexibility of communication networks. Meanwhile, a dynamic control plane would adapt itself in a timely manner to sustain flow setup performance in the face of traffic variations. Such adaptation depends on a careful decision of the controller placement, which is challenging because we need to consider two contradictory objectives, namely the cost of operating the control plane and the cost of its adaptation. In this work, we model the problem of operating the control plane as a multi-period offline optimization problem to minimize the total cost induced by the flow setup performance and the control plane adaptation. We leverage the lookahead control scheme and decompose the intractable offline problem into smaller instances, which are solved in an online fashion efficiently with an algorithm based on simulated annealing. We perform extensive simulations on real world topologies and show that our proposed algorithm can reduce the total cost by up to 20% compared with the reference algorithms. Further, we analyze the need of frequent control plane adaptation, and compare different control plane design choices according to a novel flexibility measure.
Short-term Osteoclastic Activity Induced by Locally High Concentrations of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein–2 in a Cancellous Bone Environment (2009)

Increasing the local rhBMP-2 concentration by overfilling the defect with rhBMP-2/ACS or hyperconcentrating the rhBMP-2 solution on the absorbable collagen sponge led to a concentration-dependent osteoclastic resorption of peri-implant bone. The osteoclastic effect was transient, and progressive healing took place over the 8-week survival period.
InGaN laser diode with metal-free laser ridge using n+-GaN contact layers (2016)

Abstract We report on InGaN edge emitting laser diodes with a top metal electrode located beside the laser ridge. Current spreading over the ridge is achieved via a highly doped n + -type GaN layer deposited on top of the structure. The low sheet resistance of the n + -GaN layer ensures excellent lateral current spreading, while carrier injection is confined all along the ridge thanks to current tunneling at the interface between the n + -GaN top layer and the p ++ -GaN layer. Continuous-wave lasing at 400 nm with an output power of 100 mW is demonstrated on uncoated facet devices with a threshold current density of 2.4 kA·cm −2 .
Functional Avidity–Driven Activation-Induced Cell Death Shapes CTL Immunodominance (2014)

Immunodominance is a complex phenomenon that relies on a mere numerical concept, while being potentially influenced at every step of the immune response. We investigated the mechanisms leading to the establishment of CTL immunodominance in a retroviral model and found that the previously defined subdominant Env-specific CD8(+) T cells are endowed with an unexpectedly higher functional avidity than is the immunodominant Gag-recognizing counterpart. This high avidity, along with the Env Ag overload, results in a supraoptimal TCR engagement. The overstimulation makes Env-specific T lymphocytes more susceptible to apoptosis, thus hampering their expansion and leading to an unintentional "immune kamikazing." Therefore, Ag-dependent, hyperactivation-induced cell death can be regarded as a novel mechanism in the establishment of the immunodominance that restrains and opposes the expansion of high-avidity T cells in favor of lower-affinity populations.
Descriptive vocabulary development for degraded speech (2012)

This paper presents the development of a compact vocabulary for describing the audible characteristics of degraded speech. An experiment was conducted with 51 English-speaking subjects who were tasked with assigning one of a list of given text descriptors to 220 degradation conditions. Exploratory data analysis using hierarchical clustering resulted in a compact vocabulary of 10 classes, which was further validated by a bootstrap cluster analysis.
Trauma Association of Canada Annual Scientific Meeting, Westin Calgary Calgary, Alberta, Apr. 10–11, 2015 (2015)

Background: Self-inflicted trauma (SIT) is a public health issue ranking 4th as leading cause of death and disability in young adults. Methods: Retrospective descriptive analysis of patients admitted to a level 1 trauma centre with self-inflicted injuries, 2008-2013. Results: Over a 5-year period, 268 patients with SIT presented to our hospital, 177 (66%) male, average age 39.4 years (SD 16). The most common mechanism of injury was stabbing, (47%), followed by jumping (26.86%). Jumpers had higher ISS (22 v. 9). Seasonal variation showed summer with highest incidence (34%), winter having the lowest (17%). Patients from rural areas accounted for 28%, these were younger (30 v. 42 years, p = 0.002), had lower ISS (9 v. 14, p = 0.007), presented with more firearm injuries (18.6% vs. 2.3%). Overall, 63 (23%) patients had pre-existing psychiatric disease; these patients had longer LOS (20 v. 7 days, p = 0.002), and had jumping from height as predominant mechanism (p = 0.01). Mortality was 13.8%. Patients that died were older (42 v. 30 years, p = 0.002), had higher ISS (14 v. 9, p = 0.007), longer LOS (13.5 v. 6 days, p = 0.004), with fall being the predominant mechanism associated with mortality (p < 0.0001).
A Non-Alkoxide Sol−Gel Method for the Preparation of Homogeneous Nanocrystalline Powders of La0.85Sr0.15MnO3 (2006)

Homogeneous, nanocrystalline La1-xSrxMnO3 (LSM) powders, with x ∼ 0.15, were synthesized with the epoxide addition sol−gel method. Through this simple technique, sol−gel materials were prepared from methanolic solutions of metal chlorides without the need for alkoxides, polymeric gel agents, or elaborate reaction schemes. The gels were dried in ambient conditions, resulting in mesoporous xerogels with networked nanostructures interconnecting particulate regions. Calcination of the dried gels resulted in the crystallization of single-phase LSM by 700 °C, after decomposition of intermediate hydroxide, chloride, and oxychloride compounds. SEM analysis indicated that the calcined powders were nanocrystalline and consisted of discrete particles, free of hard agglomeration. The average crystallite size and equivalent spherical diameter determined from XRD line broadening and BET analysis, respectively, were in good agreement with the SEM results (∼100 nm). The activation energies for the electronic conductivity from 1000 to 400 °C of sintered LSM xerogels were from 0.13 to 0.15 eV, in excellent agreement with previous reported results for LSM with x ∼ 0.15.
Thin-Section CT in Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Following Hospital Discharge: Preliminary Experience (2003)

Pulmonary fibrosis may develop early in patients with SARS who have been discharged after treatment. Patients who are older and have more severe disease during treatment are more likely to develop thin-section CT findings of fibrosis.
Interactive design of assembly products and their production line (1999)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Controlling Shear Jamming in Dense Suspensions via the Particle Aspect Ratio (2019)

Dense suspensions of particles in a liquid exhibit rich, non-Newtonian behaviors such as shear thickening (ST) and shear jamming (SJ). ST has been widely studied and is known to be enhanced by increasing the particles' frictional interactions and also by making their shape more anisotropic. SJ however has only recently been understood to be a distinct phenomenon and, while the role of interparticle friction has been investigated, the role of particle anisotropy in controlling the SJ regime has remained unknown. To address this we here synthesize silica particles for use in water/glycerol suspensions. This pairing of hydrogen-bonding particle surfaces and suspension solvent has been shown to elicit SJ with spherical particles. We then vary particle aspect ratio from Γ = 1 (spheres) to Γ = 11 (slender rods), and perform rheological measurements to determine the effect of particle anisotropy on the onset of shear jamming. We also show that the effect on the precursor to SJ, discontinuous shear thickening (DST), is consistent with prior work. We find that increasing aspect ratio significantly reduces φm, the minimum particle packing fraction at which SJ can be observed, to values as low φm = 33% for Γ = 11. The ability to fix the properties of the solvated particle surfaces, and thus the particle interactions at contact, while varying shape anisotropy, yields fundamental insights about the SJ capabilities of suspensions and provides a framework to rationally design and tune these behaviors.
Highly efficient and color stable phosphorescent white light-emitting diodes by using a charge confining emitting layer structure (2008)

Quantum efficiency of white phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes was improved by using a device architecture to confine charges inside an emitting layer. The charge confinement was achieved by stacking two emitting layers with different charge transport properties. An emitting layer with electron transport type host was stacked on an emitting layer with hole transport type host. A maximum quantum efficiency of 18.3% and a current efficiency of 31.5 cd/A were achieved with a color coordinate of (0.38,0.36). In addition, there was little change in the emission spectra from 200 to 10,000 cd/m2.
Are transport anomalies in ‘‘electron waveguides’’ classical? (1990)

We test the implicit prediction of a recent classical model that transport anomalies in ballistic multiprobe conductors---the last plateau, quenching, and the negative bend resistance---should scale with Fermi momentum, ${\mathit{p}}_{\mathit{F}}$. Data from junctions defined by adiabatic lateral potentials (having corners with radii of curvature ${\mathit{r}}_{\mathit{J}}$&gt;\ensuremath{\Elzxh}/${\mathit{p}}_{\mathit{F}}$) qualitatively scale classically; departures observed are attributed to momentum-memory loss from random scattering. With more abrupt (square-cornered) junctions, however, nonclassical ${\mathit{p}}_{\mathit{F}}$ dependence emerges.
Correlation Technologies for OTA Testing of mmWave Mobile Devices Using Energy Metrics (2022)

In this paper, we introduce correlation technologies both at RF/mmWave and Base-Band frequencies. At RF and mmWave frequencies power-spectra and energy-spectra metrics are introduced for measuring the power-density of mobile devices and systems. The use of unified power-spectra and energy-spectra metrics leads to innovative Electromagnetic-Thermal sensing solutions for OTA-Testing. At Base-Band frequencies, DSP-based Convolutional-Accelerators are proposed for fast and accurate measurement of EVM (Error Vector Magnitude) using correlation technologies. New ASIC-embedded Smart-Connectors are developed for bringing correlation-based signal processing close to antenna-in-package (AiP) modules. Porting of the DSP-based Convolutional-Accelerators into advanced FD-SOI-ASIC platforms for co-integration with adaptive RF/mmWave FrontEnd-Modules will enable real-time extraction of auto-correlation and cross-correlation functions of stochastic signals for mobile devices and systems. Perspectives toward optically synchronized interferometric-correlation technologies are drawn for accurate measurements of stochastic EM fields in noisy environments.
Geometry and Charge State of Mixed-Ligand Au13 Nanoclusters (2007)

The integration of synthetic, experimental and theoretical tools into a self‐consistent data analysis methodology allowed us to develop unique new levels of detail in nanoparticle characterization. We describe our methods using an example of Au13 monolayer‐protected clusters (MPCs), synthesized by ligand exchange methods. The combination of atom counting methods of scanning transmission electron microscopy and Au L3‐edge EXAFS allowed us to characterize these clusters as icosahedral, with surface strain reduced from 5% (as in ideal, regular icosahedra) to 3%, due to the interaction with ligands. Charge transfer from Au to the thiol and phosphine ligands was evidenced by S and P K‐edge XANES. A comparison of total energies of bare clusters of different geometries was performed by equivalent crystal theory calculations.
Two-year results of a multicenter study of the ab interno gelatin implant in medically uncontrolled primary open-angle glaucoma (2019)

The gelatin implant effectively reduced IOP and medication needs over 2 years in POAG uncontrolled medically, with an acceptable safety profile. ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT02006693 (registered in the USA).