gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two consecutive immunophenotypic switches in a child with immunogenotypically stable acute leukaemia (2001)

A 12-year-old girl presented with a CD33+ precursor B-acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and seemed to respond well to ALL treatment. However, 2 weeks after diagnosis her leucocyte count rose rapidly with a predominance of myeloid blasts with M5b morphology and CD19+ myeloid immunophenotype. Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) treatment was started and remission was achieved after one course of chemotherapy; the AML treatment was continued for 6 months. Two months after cessation of chemotherapy, the patient developed a bone marrow relapse, this time with an undifferentiated blast morphology and a precursor B immunophenotype. Molecular analysis of the immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor genes showed several clonal gene rearrangements at diagnosis: two IGH, two IGK and two TCRD gene rearrangements. All rearrangements were also detected during the AML phase of the disease, suggesting a phenotypic shift of the same leukaemia. At relapse, 8 months later, all rearrangements were preserved except for one TCRD (Vdelta2-Ddelta3) rearrangement. The first phenotypic shift in the genotypically stable leukaemia was remarkably fast. The most probable explanation for our observations is an oncogenic event in an undifferentiated haematopoietic progenitor clone, with a highly versatile phenotype.
TimeDiversity inWCDMA FDDDownlink for Multimedia Broadcast/Multic ast Services using ChipBlock Interleaving (2005)

Multimedia Broadcast /Multicast Service (MBMS) isintroduced intheRelease 6ofthe3rdGeneration Partnership Project (3GPP)and ischaracterized by relatively longer interleaving depth. Thispaper investigates theexploitation ofthe longer interleaving depthbychipblockinterleaving toobtain intra-bit diversity. Bothterrestrial andsatellite modesofMBMS delivery mechanisms arestudied anditisfoundoutthatchip block interleaving provides areduction inthetransmission power (2.5 dBinterrestrial flat Rayleigh fading channel, 0.75dBin4- tap3GPPCase3radiochannel, 1.5dBinsatellite line ofsight Ricean flat fading channel and0.7dBin9-tap satellite multipath fading duetointermediate module repeaters) atmoderate speeds of30-50km/handamoderate interleaving depth of20msfor64 kbpsdataservice. Moreover, itisalso shownthatforterrestrial mobileradiochannels, thegainprovided by chipblock interleaving withblock length equal tohalf thespreading factor andusing only onetransmit antenna isequal tothat provided by SpaceTimeTransmit Diversity (STTD)thatrequires two transmit antennas. IndexTerms-Chip Interleaving, Multimedia Broadcast / Multicast Service (MBMS),Intra-bit Diversity, TimeDiversity, WCDMA,UMTS.
Statistical Analysis of the Non-stationarity of Neural Population Codes (2006)

Neural prosthetic technology has moved from the laboratory to clinical settings with human trials. The motor cortical control of devices in such settings raises important questions about the design of computational interfaces that produce stable and reliable control over a wide range of operating conditions. In particular, non-stationarity of the neural code across different behavioral conditions or attentional states becomes a potential issue. Non-stationarity has been previously observed in animals where the encoding model representing the mathematical relationship between neural population activity and behavioral variables such as hand motion changes over time. If such an encoding model is formed and learned during a particular training period, decoding performance (neural control) with the model may not be consistent during successive periods even when the same task is repeated. It is critical in both laboratory experiments and in clinical settings to be able to evaluate whether the representation of movement encoded by a neural population has changed or not. Such information can be used as a cue to retrain the system or as feedback to an adaptive decoding algorithm. To that end, we develop a statistical methodology to evaluate changes in the neural code over time using a generative probabilistic decoding model. The changes are evaluated by comparing the likelihoods of firing rates given similar distributions of 2D hand kinematics collected while a primate periodically performs a manual cursor control task. A comparison is performed by measuring a distance between probabilistic encoding models trained at different times. The statistical significance of the distance measurements are justified with a systematic statistical hypothesis test. The experimental results demonstrate that the likelihood changes over different periods with the change being greater when more distant periods are compared
Synthesis and characterization of highly-conducting nitrogen-doped ultrananocrystalline diamond films (2001)

Ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) films with up to 0.2% total nitrogen content were synthesized by a microwave plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor-deposition method using a CH4(1%)/Ar gas mixture and 1%–20% nitrogen gas added. The electrical conductivity of the nitrogen-doped UNCD films increases by five orders of magnitude (up to 143 Ω−1 cm−1) with increasing nitrogen content. Conductivity and Hall measurements made as a function of film temperature down to 4.2 K indicate that these films have the highest n-type conductivity and carrier concentration demonstrated for phase-pure diamond thin films. Grain-boundary conduction is proposed to explain the remarkable transport properties of these films.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Simple One‐Pot Regioselective Preparation of Mixed Diesters of Carbonic Acid. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Influence of carboxypeptidases on free amino acid, peptide and methylpyrazine contents of under‐fermented cocoa beans (2002)

Abstract A study of the action of two carboxypeptidases on free amino acids, peptides and methylpyrazines in under‐fermented cocoa beans was carried out. Carboxypeptidase B from porcine pancreas and carboxypeptidase Y from baker's yeast were used separately for digestion. Hydrophobic free amino acids (alanine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine and tyrosine) were predominantly produced in samples digested with both carboxypeptidase B and Y. The peptide patterns of samples digested with both carboxypeptidases were similar to that of the control. The concentration of 2,3,5,6‐tetramethylpyrazine in samples with carboxypeptidase B addition was significantly higher than those of 2,5‐dimethyl‐ and 2,3,5‐trimethylpyrazine; the concentration of 2,3,5‐trimethylpyrazine was highest (1727.86 µg per 100 g) in the sample with carboxypeptidase B addition that had been incubated for 24 h. These findings indicate that carboxypeptidase B from porcine pancreas was more prominent in the formation of cocoa‐specific aroma. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis of a Poly(ε-caprolactone) Monosubstituted First Generation Dendrimer by Lipase Catalysis (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTSynthesis of a Poly(ε-caprolactone) Monosubstituted First Generation Dendrimer by Lipase CatalysisArmando Córdova, Anders Hult, Karl Hult, Henrik Ihre, Tommy Iversen, and Eva MalmströmView Author Information Swedish Pulp and Paper Research Institute, STFI P.O. Box 5604, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden Department of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden Department of Polymer Technology Royal Institute of Technology SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 51, 13521–13522Publication Date (Web):December 30, 1998Publication History Received29 June 1998Published online30 December 1998Published inissue 1 December 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja982252uhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja982252urapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views600Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Dendrons,Hydroxyls,Mass spectrometry,Peptides and proteins,Ring-opening polymerization Get e-Alerts
Hydrolysis of Dipeptides Catalyzed by a Zirconium(IV)‐Substituted Lindqvist Type Polyoxometalate (2013)

Abstract The hydrolysis of a series of unactivated dipeptides in the presence of a zirconium(IV)‐substituted Lindqvist type polyoxometalate, (Me 4 N) 2 [W 5 O 18 Zr(H 2 O) 3 ] (designated as ZrW 5 ), was studied by kinetic experiments and NMR spectroscopy. Among the dipeptides examined, those with the X–Ser amino acid sequence were most effectively hydrolyzed. The kinetics of the hydrolysis of histidylserine (His–Ser) was studied in detail; a rate constant of 95.3 (± 0.1) × 10 –7 s –1 (pD 7.4 and 60 °C) in the presence of an equimolar amount of ZrW 5 was calculated. The binding of His–Ser to ZrW 5 was examined by UV/Vis, 1 H, 13 C, and 183 W NMR spectroscopy, and the data indicate that at physiological pD His–Ser chelates the Zr IV through its imidazole nitrogen, amine nitrogen, and amide carbonyl oxygen. In the presence of ZrW 5 , the pD profile of k obs is bell‐shaped, with a maximum reaction rate at pD 7.5. At high pD values an inactive complex is formed as a result of the deprotonation of the amide nitrogen, resulting in inhibition of His–Ser hydrolysis. The effects of pH, temperature, inhibitors, and ionic strength on the hydrolysis rate constant were also investigated, and a full account of the mechanism of this novel reaction is given.
Fast transparent virtual machine migration in distributed edge clouds (2017)

Edge clouds are emerging as a popular paradigm of computation. In edge clouds, computation and storage can be distributed across a large number of locations, allowing applications to be hosted at the edge of the network close to the end-users. Virtual machine live migration is a key mechanism which enables applications to be nimble and nomadic as they respond to changing user locations and workload.
Zero migration of monomers in glassy polymers: A possible artifact of thermal depolymerization (1983)

Abstract Efforts to remove traces of monomers contained in polymers by stripping with steam have resulted in reports that a small concentration of monomer is inextractable, or “locked‐in,” the polymer. Any concomitant depolymerization to monomer and diffusive elution of the formed monomer would, in the steady state, result in a constant concentration of monomer within the confines of the polymer. If only the polymer phase were sampled and depolymerization were ignored, this result could be interpreted as an apparent “zero migration” level of monomer. A model that describes the coupled processes of depolymerization and diffusion is presented; predictions and estimates of an apparent “zero‐migration” concentration are offered for various polymer/monomer systems considering a variety of kinetic schemes. The effects of temperature, geometry, and sample size on the transient and apparent steady‐state, residual‐weight fraction of monomer in the polymer are considered. Also, the weight fraction of monomer, neglecting diffusive elution, is estimated for comparison with the steady‐state weight fractions calculated for the case in which diffusive elution significantly lowers the residual steady‐state monomer level. The results predicted by the model presented are compared with experimental data reported in the literature. Transient approaches to the steady state are included in the model analysis. The steady‐state monomer concentrations predicted for polystyrene and poly(acrylonitrile) at 100°C vary from 0.0001 ppm to 100 ppm as the diameter of the respective polymeric spheres varies between 0.5 μ and 500 μ. The predicted steady‐state concentrations for vinyl chloride monomer in poly(vinyl chloride) are, under comparable conditions, seven orders of magnitude lower, reflecting the extraordinarily small tendency of polyvinyl chloride to degrade to monomer.
A review of the various treatments of oil-based drilling fluids filter cakes (2021)

Abstract Treatment of the filter cake layer after drilling is essential for better cement integrity and to retain the original reservoir permeability. Compared to water-based filter cake, oil-based mud filter cake removal is more sophisticated as oil encloses the filter cake’s particles. Therefore, oil-based mud clean-up requires wettability alteration additives (mutual solvents and/or surfactants) for permitting acid/filter cake reaction. With an appropriate acid, microemulsions were reported to be very efficient in cleaning oil-based filter cakes, due to their low interfacial tension and high acid solubility. The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the different techniques and treatment solutions utilized in oil-based filter cake clean-up. Furthermore, a synopsis of the various treatments for drilling fluids densified with different weighting materials is presented. Subsequently, the research limitations and opportunities have been highlighted for future work. In the light of the review that has been presented in this paper, it's recommended to conduct further investigation on some areas related to filter cake removal. The removal of filter cake formed from weighting materials other than barite, calcium carbonate, ilmenite, and manganese tetroxide needs to be investigated thoroughly. Additionally, the overall efficiency of oil-based mud removal needs to be studied under wide ranges of temperature, salinity, and pH. The utilization of surfactant-free microemulsions in filter cake treatment could also be investigated.
Metallurgical Analysis of Wrought Iron From the RMS Titanic (2003)

The discovery of the RMS Titanic has led to a number of scientific studies, one of which addresses the role that structural materials played in the sinking of the ship. Early studies focused on the quality of the hull steel as a contributing factor in the ship's rapid sinking, but experimental results showed that the material was "state-of-the-art" for 1911. Instead, it was suggested that the quality of the wrought iron rivets may have been an important factor in the opening of the steel plates during flooding. Here the quality of RMS Titanic wrought iron is examined and compared with contemporary wrought iron obtained from additional late 19th-/early 20th-century buildings, bridges, and ships. Traditional metallurgical analysis as well as compositional analysis, mechanical testing, and computer modeling are used to understand the variation in the mechanical properties of wrought iron as a function of its microstructure.
Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty for the Treatment of Proximal Humeral Fractures in the Elderly: Results With a Minimum of One Year Follow-Up (2018)

BACKGROUND:Bony healing of tuberosities around shoulder prostheses is difficult to obtain in the elderly patient. We hypothesized that reattachment of the tuberosities, performed in combination with bone grafting, around a specific reverse shoulder fracture-prosthesis (RSFP) would favour improved tuberosity healing and shoulder mobility in elderly patients with displaced proximal humerus fractures.METHODS:We included 49 patients (50 shoulders)(45 female, 4 male) in this prospective study. Mean (± SD) age 80 ± 4 years (range, 70–88). Clinical evaluation consisted of ROM, VAS (pain), Constant scores, patient satisfaction (Subjective Shoulder Value (SSV)) and noted complications. Radiological evaluation consisted of tuberosity healing and component loosening. Mean follow-up 18 ± 8 months (12–39).RESULTS:Mean active mobility was 131 ± 29° (40–170°) for anterior elevation, 24 ± 14° (0–50°) for external rotation, and 5 ± 3 points (0–10) for internal rotation. Mean VAS for pain 1 ± 1 point/10 (0–4). Mean Constan...
Experimental Radioimmunotherapy of a Xenografted Human Glioma Using <SUP>131</SUP>I-labeled Monoclonal Antibody to Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (1993)

131I-labeled F(ab')2 fragments of murine monoclonal antibody (MAb) 425 specific to the epidermal growth factor receptor expressed on human gliomas were used in experimental human malignant glioma immunotherapy. Two injections of 150 microCi 131I-labeled 425 F(ab')2 achieved growth inhibition of U-87MG human malignant glioma xenografts in nude mice. This radiolabeled specific MAb F(ab')2 was significantly superior to radiolabeled fragments of an anti-hepatitis virus control MAb A5C3 in influencing tumor growth. However, similar treatment of established human malignant glioma xenografts did not inhibit progressive tumor growth significantly. No clear tumor inhibition was produced by unlabeled MAb 425 F(ab')2. These studies suggest that 131I-labeled MAbs have a significant antitumor effect where unmodified antibody is ineffective. Multiple doses of antibody may achieve an increase in labeled MAb concentration in tumors.
The Challenge of Controlling a Small Mars Plane (2021)

Dielectric elastomers (DEs) are lightweight and high-power, making them ideal for power control in a planetary exploration spacecraft. In this chapter, we will discuss the control of an exploration airplane exploring the surface of Mars using DEs. This airplane requires lightweight and powerful actuators to fly in the rare Martian atmosphere. DEs are a possible candidate for use as actuator controlling the airplane since they have high power, and high efficiency. A structural model of a wing having a control surface, a DE, and a linkage was built and a wind tunnel test of a control surface actuation using a DE actuator was carried out.
Bayesian two-compartment and classic single-compartment minimal models: comparison on insulin modified IVGTT and effect of experiment reduction (2003)

Models describing plasma glucose and insulin concentration of an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) allow a noninvasive cost-effective approach to estimate important indexes characterizing the efficiency of glucose-insulin control system, i.e., glucose effectiveness (S(G)) and insulin sensitivity (S(I)). To overcome some limitations of the classic single compartment minimal model (1CMM) of glucose kinetics , a two-compartment Bayesian minimal model (2CBMM) has been recently proposed for the standard IVGTT. This study aims to assess 2CBMM ability to describe the insulin-modified IVGTT (IM-IVGTT) which is the protocol of choice since it allows to study insulinopenic states. Both a full-length IM-IVGTT (240 min) as well as a reduced version (90 min) of it are studied. Results of the maximum a posteriori identification of IM-IVGTT (240 min) in 13 normals agree with those of standard IVGTT, i.e., a 42% decrease (P < 0.002) of S(G) and a 13% increase (P < 0.006) of S(I) with respect to ICMM. When identified from IM-IVGTT (90 min), 2CBMM not only provides S(G) and S(I) estimates 46% lower (P < 0.002) and 41% higher (P < 0.002) than 1CMM ones respectively, but also seems to overcome some limitations of the 240 min-based identification that probably arise because the minimal model is unable to properly account for the hyperglycemic hormonal response taking place in the second half of IM-IVGTT.
Leveraging the Client-Server Model in P2P: Managing Concurrent File Updates in a P2P System (2006)

The client-server and peer-to-peer paradigms of distributed computing lay at opposite ends of the spectrum when it comes to simplicity, resiliency to failures, and distribution of load. Unlike client-server systems, peer-topeer systems are built to have no central components and to withstand failure. They are used to provide file sharing services, however, there is currently no peer-to-peer system that safely maintains consistency of data in the face of concurrent file updates. This paper solve this problem by layering a robust, well-tested, client-server application for managing concurrent file access (CVS [2]) on top of a peer-to-peer distributed hash table (the Bamboo DHT [3]). This coupling provides a distributed, scalable, faulttolerant, service for managing concurrent updates to replicated data. This work gives proof of concept that combining the client-server and peer-to-peer paradigms can provide functionality beyond the current capabilities of either paradigm alone.
Ion-Sputter Induced Rippling of Si(111) (1997)

The morphology of ion sputtered Si(111) surfaces at glancing angles and elevated temperatures was studied by AFM. Under particular ion beam and sample conditions, the morphology of the surfaces was found to be rippled, with roughly sinusoidal-shaped bumps. This observation is in agreement with predictions of Bradley and Harper, and is similar to experiments performed by Chason et al. on germanium. Observation of the temporal evolution by stopping growth and performing microscopy suggests that a steady-state rippled \nmorphology develops by coalescence of oblong islands. The wavelength of the ripples can be controlled up to about 600 nm, with amplitudes up to 60 nm. This observation creates an opportunity to make nanostructured surfaces for the study of crystal surface dynamics.
Guest Editors' Introduction: Applications of Large Displays (2005)

The emergence of large displays holds the promise of basking us in rich and dynamic visual landscapes of information, art, and entertainment. How will our viewing and interaction experiences change when large displays are introduced in our workplace, home, and commercial settings? What technology is needed to implement this vision? This special issue on large displays attempts to provide a sample of the research being conducted in this domain.
TRANSIENT FILM CONDENSATION ON UPWARD-FACING HORIZONTAL SURFACES (1979)

Both analytical and experimental results are presented for a wide range of conditions for transient film condensation on an upward-facing horizontal surface, including the effect of condensate run-off. The appropriate conservation equations are simplified by using several approximations valid for a variety of physical circumstances of interest, and the resulting ordinary nonlinear differential equations are integrated numerically. The theoretical results are shown to depend on a single new dimensionless group. The importance of run-off increases as this parameter increases, and the no-run-off case results when the parameter is zero. The theory correctly predicts zero film thickness for large times and nonzero values of the run-off parameter. A comparison of the predicted transient temperature response with those obtained in the associated experiments suggests the range of validity of the theroetical results. We find fair agreement for nonzero values of the run-off parameter and excellent agreement for zero values of the run-off parameter. Finally, heat-transfer results are presented and the various approximations used are scrutinized. The experimental results suggest that the film thickness is a relatively weak function of time.