gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DNA‐Binding Properties and Photocleavage Activity of Cationic Water‐Soluble Chlorophyll Derivatives (2006)

Three cationic water-soluble chlorin e(6) derivatives, that is, 6a-,gammab-,7c-tris(2-trimethylammonioethyl)chlorin e(6) (1), 6a-,gammab-,7c-tris(3-methylpyridiniummethyl)chlorin e(6) (2), and 6a-,gammab-, 7c-tris(2-trimethylammonioethyl)-2-(3-trimethylammonioprop-1-enyl)chlorin e(6) (3), have been designed and synthesized to allow the study of their DNA-binding and -photocleavage activities. The DNA-unwinding assay, measurements of melting temperatures of double-stranded DNA, and the induced CD and visible absorption spectra have revealed that 1 and 3 are intercalated into the base pairs of the double-helical DNA, while 2 is bound to outside the minor groove of the double-helical DNA. The cationic water-soluble chlorin e(6) derivatives effectively cleave the double-helical DNA under photoirradiation and the DNA-photocleavage activity increases in the order 3>1>2. The DNA-binding and -photocleavage characteristics of the three cationic water-soluble chlorin e(6) derivatives are influenced by aspects of their molecular structure, such as the kind, number, and position of the cationic substituents.
Triangular metal wedges for subwavelength plasmon-polariton guiding at telecom wavelengths (2008)

We report on subwavelength plasmon-polariton guiding by triangular metal wedges at telecom wavelengths. A high-quality fabrication procedure for making gold wedge waveguides, which is also mass-production compatible offering large-scale parallel fabrication of plasmonic components, is developed. Using scanning near-field optical imaging at the wavelengths in the range of 1.43-1.52 microm, we demonstrate low-loss (propagation length approximately 120 microm) and well-confined (mode width congruent with 1.3 microm) wedge plasmon-polariton guiding along triangular 6-microm-high and 70.5 degree-angle gold wedges. Experimental observations are consistent with numerical simulations performed with the multiple multipole and finite difference time domain methods.
Finding close friends on the Internet (2005)

We consider the problem of finding nearby application-peers (close friends) over the Internet. We focus on unicast-only solutions and introduce a new scheme -Beaconing-for finding peers that are near. Our scheme uses distance measurement points (called beacons) and can be implemented entirely in the application-layer without investing in large infrastructure changes. We present an extensive evaluation of Beaconing and compare it to existing schemes including Expanding Ring searches and Triangulation. Our experiments show that 3-8 beacons are sufficient to provide efficient peer-location service on 10 000 node Internet-like topologies. Further, our results are 2-5 times more accurate than existing techniques. We also present results from an implementation of Beaconing over a non-trivial wide-area testbed. In our experiments, Beaconing is able to efficiently (< 3 K Bytes and < 50 packets on average), quickly (< 1 second on average), and accurately (< 20 ms error on average) find nearby peers on the Internet.
Circular dichroism of the nucleic acid monomers (1977)

Abstract Circular dichroism spectra of the nucleic acid monomers have been measured in aqueous solution and extended into the vacuum ultraviolet region to about 166 nm. Measurements were made on ribo and deoxyribo derivatives of adenine, guanine, hypoxanthine, cytosine, thymine, and uracil derivatives both with and without the 5′‐phosphate (with the exception of ribosyl thymine 5′‐phosphate). Absorption spectra of the deoxyribonucleotides measured to about 175 nm are also presented. The results demonstrate that both the circular dichroism and absorption spectra observed below 200 nm are no more complicated than the spectra normally recorded above 200 nm. In most cases, the circular dichroism spectra of the various derivatives of a given base are similar, indicating that the conformations are similar. On the other hand, the differences among the circular dichroism spectra of the various derivatives of a given base are sufficient to identify a particular derivative. The average circular dichroism for the deoxyribonucleotides is compared with the circular dichroism of native E. coli DNA. The comparison reveals that the circular dichroism of DNA below 200 nm is due principally to the interaction between the bases rather than the intrinsic circular dichroism of the monomers. The monomer transitions are discussed in relationship to the absorption and circular dichroism spectra presented.
Quantitative evaluation concerning principal gait locomotion pattern of a trans-femoral amputee with a prosthetic limb based on the intersegmental coordination (2015)

In human gait locomotion analysis, which is one useful method for efficient physical rehabilitation to define various quantitative evaluation indices, ground reaction force, joint angle and joint loads are measured during gait. On the other hand, the analysis of the correlation in the recorded joint motion has extracted a few simultaneously activating segmental coordination patterns in a past study. Moreover, it is thought that the structure of the intersegmental coordination is attracting attention to an expected relationship with a control strategy. However, this procedure has not been applied to trans-femoral prosthetic gait locomotion yet. In this paper, joint angles as kinematic parameters applied on the lower limb of healthy subjects and trans-femoral amputee with a prosthetic limb during their gait locomotion are investigated by performing the experiments of gait measurement. Next, joint angles are analyzed by applying the evaluation method of intersegmental coordination pattern using singular value decomposition to data of joint angles as the experimental results and trajectories of center of gravity are obtained. Then, mutual comparative verification and quantitative evaluation of them as constitutive principle is performed. As a result of the experiments and consideration, the effectiveness of the method using singular value decomposition is validated because it can quantitatively express comprehensive physical phenomena for trans-femoral prosthetic gait. Obtained locomotion patterns may be useful for refining the rehabilitation program of trans-femoral amputee.
Frequency Comb Offset Stabilization via Integrated Lithium Niobate f-2f Interferometer (2020)

We demonstrate carrier-envelope offset frequency (/Ceo) stabilization of a modelocked laser using an integrated, dispersion engineered lithium niobate f-2f interferometer via simultaneous supercontinuum and second-harmonic generation with only 107 pJ pulse energy.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Phase Ib Study of Buparlisib plus Trastuzumab in Patients with HER2-Positive Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer That Has Progressed on Trastuzumab-Based Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 67K, Bayesian logistic regression model: dose-response curve and model inference results at the time of determination of the recommended Phase II dose.&lt;/p&gt;
Reconciling Differences in Effective Solute Removal Between Intermittent and Continuous Therapies (2001)

Solute removal by various forms of renal replacement therapy (RRT) differs from that occurring in the native kidney in several ways. Among the dialytic therapies, the relationship between clearance and mass removal rate may differ substantially. The purpose of this article is to review the various approaches that have been proposed to account for this differing relationship among the various types of RRT. Specific quantitative approaches along with clinical applications are provided.
Recoverable PEG‐Supported Copper Catalyst for Highly Stereocontrolled Nitroaldol Condensation. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Review on Flame-Retardant Polyvinyl Alcohol: Additives and Technologies (2022)

The output of bio-based polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has been growing rapidly with a substantial increase of developments both in academic and industrial research areas in the past decade, which is due to its water solubility, plasticity, and degradability. However, PVA is highly flammable with a limiting oxygen index of only 19% owning to its inherent macromolecular structure composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. The demand for flame retardancy of PVA has been increased rapidly and is generally satisfied by introducing flame retardants via chemical grafting, physical blending, and coating. This review summarizes the flame retardants applied in PVA and their influence on the flammability and mechanical properties of PVA materials. The type of flame retardant additives and their application technologies for various PVA products are presented in terms of various PVA products, such as films, aerogel, fibers, foams, and bulk composites. The films dominate the whole research of flame retardant PVA materials owing to their widespread application. The fire performance and flame retardant mechanism are compared and discussed. Additionally, PVA acted as an assistant agent in some polymeric flame-retardant formulations is also discussed and reviewed.
Regulation of phospholipid biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (1990)

The addition of cyclic AMP (cAMP) to Saccharomyces cerevisiae cyr1 mutant cells resulted in an increase in the rate of phosphatidylinositol synthesis at the expense of phosphatidylserine synthesis. The decrease in phosphatidylserine synthesis correlated with the down regulation of phosphatidylserine synthase activity by cAMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation. The increase in phosphatidylinositol synthesis was not due to the regulation of phosphatidylinositol synthase by cAMP-dependent protein kinase.
Bandwidth Cost of Code Conversions in the Split Regime (2022)

Distributed storage systems must store large amounts of data over long periods of time. To avoid data loss due to device failures, an [n, k] erasure code is used to encode k data symbols into a codeword of n symbols that are stored across different devices. However, device failure rates change throughout the life of the data, and tuning n and k according to these changes has been shown to save significant storage space. Code conversion is the process of converting multiple codewords of an initial [n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">I</sup> , k <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">I</sup> ] code into codewords of a final [n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">F</sup> , k <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">F</sup> ] code that decode to the same set of data symbols. In this paper, we study conversion bandwidth, defined as the total amount of data transferred between nodes during conversion. In particular, we consider the case where the initial and final codes are MDS and a single initial codeword is split into several final codewords (k <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">I</sup> = λ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">F</sup> k <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">F</sup> for integer λ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">F</sup> ≥ 2), called the split regime. We derive lower bounds on the conversion bandwidth in the split regime and propose constructions that significantly reduce conversion bandwidth and are optimal for certain parameters.An extended version of this paper is available at [1].
Leptospira borgpetersenii Leucine-Rich Repeat Proteins and Derived Peptides in an Indirect ELISA Development for the Diagnosis of Canine Leptospiral Infections (2022)

Domestic and stray dogs can be frequently infected by <i>Leptospira</i>, and thus may represent a source for transmission of this zoonotic disease in Thailand. Here, we have used peptides derived from a recombinant leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein of <i>Leptospira</i>, rKU_Sej_LRR_2012M, for the development of an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) aimed at detecting antibodies against <i>Leptospira interrogans</i>, <i>L. borgpetersenii</i>, and <i>L. biflexa</i>, the three major seroprevalences in Thai dogs. The rKU_Sej_LRR_2012M protein is recognized by hyperimmune sera against several leptospiral serovars. The epitope peptides of the rKU_Sej_LRR_2012M showed binding affinities with lower IC<sub>50</sub> values than peptides of known antigenic protein LipL32. Four peptides, 2012-3T, 2012-4B, 2012-5B and pool 2012-B, were specifically recognized by rabbit hyperimmune sera against nine serovars from three <i>Leptospira</i> spp. The indirect peptide-based ELISAs with these four peptides were evaluated with the LipL32 ELISA by using a receiver-operator curve (ROC) analysis. All peptides had an area under the curve of ROC (AUC) greater than 0.8, and the sum of sensitivity and specificity for each peptide was greater than 1.5. The degree of agreement of 2012-3T and pool 2012-B and 2012-4B and 2012-5B peptides were in moderate-to-good levels with kappa values of 0.41-0.60 and 0.61-0.80, when compared with LipL32, respectively. This finding would suggest an excellent capability of the 2012-4B and 2012-5B peptide-based ELISAs assay for the diagnosis of canine leptospiral infections.
Frequency Domain Spectroscopy in Rare-Earth-Doped Gain Media (2018)

Many spectroscopic techniques today rely on time-resolved measurements under short excitation pulses. Instead of using a chopped pump excitation, or ultrafast optical pulses, we expand on and apply the previously developed set of frequency domain methods to analyze the population level dynamics in rare-earth-doped media. By identifying the full frequency response of the gain medium, this method can accurately yield excited state lifetimes and can also be used to estimate transition cross-sections. The accuracy of the frequency domain methods are verified with Er <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> -and Tm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> -doped fibers, and an Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> :Tm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> waveguide, recovering similar results as reported by time-resolved techniques. The complete frequency domain model presented here can be used in characterization of novel optical gain media, and can provide insights into population dynamics in solid state amplifiers and lasers.
Block Ignition Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) with Condensed Matter Cluster Type Targets for p-B11 Powered Space Propulsion (2009)

The use of laser‐driven Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) for space propulsion has been the subject of several earlier conceptual design studies, (see: Orth, 1998; and other references therein). However, these studies were based on older ICF technology using either “direct “or “in‐direct x‐ray driven” type target irradiation. Important new directions have opened for laser ICF in recent years following the development of “chirped” lasers capable of ultra short pulses with powers of TW up to few PW which leads to the concept of “fast ignition (FI)” to achieve higher energy gains from target implosions. In a recent publication the authors showed that use of a modified type of FI, termed “block ignition” (Miley et al., 2008), could meet many of the requirements anticipated (but not then available) by the designs of the Vehicle for Interplanetary Space Transport Applications (VISTA) ICF fusion propulsion ship (Orth, 2008) for deep space missions. Subsequently the first author devised and presented concepts for imbedding high density condensed matter “clusters” of deuterium into the target to obtain ultra high local fusion reaction rates (Miley, 2008). Such rates are possible due to the high density of the clusters (over an order of magnitude above cryogenic deuterium). Once compressed by the implosion, the yet higher density gives an ultra high reaction rate over the cluster volume since the fusion rate is proportional to the square of the fuel density. Most recently, a new discovery discussed here indicates that the target matrix could be composed of B11 with proton clusters imbedded. This then makes p‐B11 fusion practical, assuming all of the physics issues such as stability of the clusters during compression are resolved. Indeed, p‐B11 power is ideal for fusion propulsion since it has a minimum of unwanted side products while giving most of the reaction energy to energetic alpha particles which can be directed into an exhaust (propulsion) nozzle. Power plants using p‐B11 have been discussed for such applications before, but prior designs face formidable physics/technology issues, largely overcome with the present approach.
Analysis of electromagnetic field variability in magnetized ionosphere plasma using the stochastic FDTD method (2014)

A stochastic finite-difference time-domain (S-FDTD) algorithm is presented for electromagnetic wave propagation in anisotropic magnetized plasma. This new algorithm efficiently calculates in a single simulation not only the mean electromagnetic field values, but also their variance as caused by the variability or uncertainty of the content of the ionosphere. By accounting for fully three-dimensional, high resolution (even cmscale) structures and uncertainty in the ionosphere, this algorithm represents a paradigm shift in our ability to analyze realistic, complex wave propagation in the ionosphere.
Abstract 4994: Hypoxia-induced autophagy and TNF-alpha resistance in breast cancer cells leads to tumor evasion from NK-mediated immunosurveillance by downregulation of ICAM1. (2013)

Abstract The major obstacle for defining efficient immunotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of solid tumor is the capability of tumor cells to evade host immune response under hypoxic microenvironment. We have investigated how breast cancer cells manage to evade effective immunosurveillance. Since the host's immune evasion of many breast cancer cells is correlated with the acquisition of resistance to TNF-α, we used TNF-sensitive (MCF-7) and TNF-resistant (1001) breast cancer cells. We showed that the acquisition of TNF resistance in 1001 cells is correlated with the induction of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α and a constitutive activation of autophagy. When cultured under hypoxia, TNF-sensitive tumor cells activate autophagy and resist to the cytotoxic effect of TNF-α. This data strongly argue for a role of hypoxia in the development of TNF-resistant tumor cell population. Furthermore, we showed that TNF-resistant cells evade natural killer (NK) cells-mediated lysis by a mechanism involving a decrease in the conjugate formation between TNF-resistant and NK cells. The decrease in the ability of NK cells to recognize TNF-resistant tumor cells is related to a dramatic down-regulation of Intercellular Cell Adhesion Molecule (ICAM-1) at the surface of tumor cells. The mechanism responsible for the decrease of ICAM-1 expression in TNF-resistant cells and its functional link with autophagy is currently under investigation. Together, this study discloses the major role of hypoxic microenvironment in the activation of the autophagic process in tumor cells which ultimately leads to tumor evasion from immunosurveillance. Citation Format: Bassam Janji, Joanna Baginska, Sandrine Medves, Kris Van Moer, Salem Chouaib, Guy Berchem. Hypoxia-induced autophagy and TNF-alpha resistance in breast cancer cells leads to tumor evasion from NK-mediated immunosurveillance by downregulation of ICAM1. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4994. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4994 Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2013 because the presenter was unable to attend.
NR Sidelink Enhancement in 3GPP Release 17 (2021)

3GPP is currently studying enhancements to Sidelink (SL) operations for 5G New Radio (NR) in a Release 17 Work Item which is planned to be finished by end of 2021. The NR Sidelink (SL) Work Item in Release 17 includes several key features targeting reliability enhancements, power saving and coverage enhancements by expanding the scope of NR sidelink to target V2X, commercial D2D use-case and Public safety. This paper provides an insight on the current 3GPP Release 17 NR SL design describing necessary enhancements in the physical, protocol layer to support inter-UE coordination message for reliability enhancement for autonomous resource selection procedure by providing feedback on the half-duplex, persistent collision and hidden nodes. In addition, the power saving feature is addressed by introducing a SL DRX mechanism for the PC5 interface which defines active reception and transmission periods between a TX and the peer Rx UE(s) and also between Tx UE and gNB. Furthermore, this paper outlines details on the Sidelink Relay feature for coverage enhancement by describing possible solutions for UE to Network relay and UE to UE relay.
Gα12 facilitates shortening in human airway smooth muscle by modulating phosphoinositide 3‐kinase‐mediated activation in a RhoA‐dependent manner (2017)

Gα<sub>12</sub> plays a crucial role in HASMC contraction via RhoA-dependent activation of the PI3K/ROCK axis. Inhibition of RhoA activation induces bronchodilation in hPCLS, and targeting Gα<sub>12</sub> signaling may elucidate novel therapeutic targets in asthma. These findings provide alternative approaches to the clinical management of airway obstruction in asthma.
A concentrated springs architecture for single-digit frequency symmetry in Si MEMS gyroscope (2016)

We report on a new design approach for X-Y symmetric resonator, that can be mechanized as rate (RG) or rate-integrating gyroscope (RIG), with a single digit as-fabricated frequency split between the two mechanical out-of-phase operational modes. We explore concentration of critical mechanical elements (shuttle-spring-anchor modules) close to the center of the die to mitigate the effect of the fabrication tolerances “intra-device”. Characterization results show sub-Hz as-fabricated frequency split of Δf=0.3Hz, the lowest value found in the literature for silicon MEMS gyroscopes. Preliminary ring down test shows Q factor greater than 330K. Both low Δf and high Q factor obtained in this approach makes it a very good candidate for implementation of high performance gyroscope.