gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biodegradation andBiotransformatio n ofGroundwater Pollutant Mixtures byMycobacterium vaccae (1993)

can becatabolized byM. vaccae.Catabolism ofa numberofthese chemicals was monitored bygas-chromatographic analysis. Gas-chromatographic analysis indicated thattheproducts ofbenzene degradation arephenol andhydroquinone. Theproducts ofchlorobenzene andethylbenzene degradation are 4-chlorophenol and 4-ethylphenol. Theextentthatsome compounds were catabolized whenpresent as mixtures was also investigated. Whentoluene andbenzene were presentconcomitantly, toluene was catabolized andbenzene oxidation was delayed. Although toluene promoted thedegradation ofstyrene,a lowerrateoftoluene degradation occurred whenstyrene was present. Both4-chlorophenol and4-ethylphenol hadan antagonistic effect on theability ofM.vaccaetodegrade other aromatic compounds. Studies with[14C]benzene indicated thatM. vaccae can mineralize smallamountsofthiscompound.Theseresults suggestthatcomponentsin mixtures may havea positive or a negative effect on theratesofbiodegradation ofotherpollutants.
High-performance floating-point computing on reconfigurable circuits (2011)

De plus en plus de constructeurs proposent des accélérateurs de calculs à base de circuits reconfigurables FPGA, cette technologie présentant bien plus de souplesse que le microprocesseur. Valoriser cette flexibilité dans le domaine de l'accélération de calcul flottant en utilisant les langages de description de circuits classiques (VHDL ou Verilog) reste toutefois très difficile, voire impossible parfois. Cette thèse a contribué au développement du logiciel FloPoCo, qui offre aux utilisateurs familiers avec VHDL un cadre C++ de description d'opérateurs arithmétiques génériques adapté au calcul reconfigurable. Ce cadre distingue explicitement la fonctionnalité combinatoire d'un opérateur, et la problématique de son pipeline pour une précision, une fréquence et un FPGA cible donnés. Afin de pouvoir utiliser FloPoCo pour concevoir des opérateurs haute performance en virgule flottante, il a fallu d'abord concevoir des blocs de bases optimisés. Nous avons d'abord développé des additionneurs pipelinés autour des lignes de propagation de retenue rapides, puis, à l'aide de techniques de pavages, nous avons conçu de gros multiplieurs, possiblement tronqués, utilisant des petits multiplieurs. L'évaluation de fonctions élémentaires en flottant implique souvent l'évaluation en virgule fixe d'une fonction. Nous présentons un opérateur générique de FloPoCo qui prend en entrée l'expression de la fonction à évaluer, avec ses précisions d'entrée et de sortie, et construit un évaluateur polynomial optimisé de cette fonction. Ce bloc de base a permis de développer des opérateurs en virgule flottante pour la racine carrée et l'exponentielle qui améliorent considérablement l'état de l'art. Nous avons aussi travaillé sur des techniques de compilation avancée pour adapter l'exécution d'un code C aux pipelines flexibles de nos opérateurs. FloPoCo a pu ainsi être utilisé pour implanter sur FPGA des applications complètes.
Effect of Specific Anti-Sera on C14 Amino Acid Incorporation into Cellular Protein of Mouse Ascites Tumor Cells. (1963)

Mouse ascites tumor cells exposed to specific anti-sera in the presence of complement failed to concentrate and incorporate labeled amino acid into gross cellular protein. Inhibition of amino acid uptake by specific anti-sera closely parallels cell rupture by anti-sera (in the presence of complement) and this appears to be a rapid and sensitive biochemical assay for antibody produced against mouse ascites tumor cells by the rat.
Toward Improved Electromagnetic Tracking for Handheld Robotics (2017)

We describe early efforts in design and development of an In-Loop Electromagnetic Tracker (ILEMT), designed to meet the demanding latency and resolution requirements for handheld robotic systems that perform active stabilization of hand motion during microsurgery. The objective is to surpass the best commercial electromagnetic trackers in latency while matching them in root-bandwidth/resolution. The concept is to use frequency-domain multiplexing for fast measurement and high accuracy during rapid motion, and bifrequency dual-path eddy-current compensation (reducing distortion from metals without sacrificing speed). The use of two widely spaced carrier frequencies (e.g., 300 Hz and 10 kHz) enables a particularly simple way of reducing the eddy-current interference caused by nonferrous metals. Previously, metal compatibility has come at the price of reduced measurement speed.
Ist die EZB-Politik »voll normal«? Replik auf Jan Sparsam und Malte Flachmeyer (2020)

Jan Sparsam und Malte Flachmeyer erachten die EZB als Teil einer „politisch-ökonomischen Formation“, die sie mit Lukas Oberndorfer als „autoritären Wettbewerbsetatismus“ bezeichnen. Es kann kein Zweifel bestehen, dass die EZB inzwischen die Funktion einer Wirtschaftsregierung usurpiert hat, die mit demokratischen Grundsätzen nicht zu vereinbaren ist. Keineswegs richtig aber ist, dass die sogenannte unkonventionelle Geldpolitik als „Fortführung der Vorkrisenpolitik mit anderen Mitteln“ beschrieben werden kann. Sparsam und Flachmeyer entgeht der enorme Machtzuwachs der EZB, weil sie außer Acht lassen, dass die Anleihekäufe sich nicht quantitativ, sondern qualitativ von den für die Geldpolitik üblichen Offenmarktgeschäften unterscheiden. Sie sind in Wahrheit als fiskalpolitische Maßnahmen zu werten. Da sie das nicht berücksichtigen, unterschätzen sie einerseits die Dimension des demokratietheoretischen Problems der Anleihekäufe und überschätzen gleichzeitig die Möglichkeiten einer Reform der Euro-Zone.
A NEW CELL CLONE DERIVED FROM TRICHOPLUSIA NI TN5B1–4 CELLS (2004)

Abstract The characteristics of a cultured cell line do not always remain stable and may change upon continuous passage. Most continuous cell lines, even after cloning, possess several genotypes that are constantly changing. There are numerous selective and adaptive culture processes, in addition to genetic instability, that may improve phenotypic change in cell growth, virus susceptibility, gene expression, and production of virus. Similar detrimental effects of long term passaging of insect cells have also been reported for continuous cell lines, for example, Tn5B1–4 cells, which are the most widely used for the baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS), provide superior production of recombinant proteins, however, this high productivity may be more evident in low passage cells. In this paper, we describe the isolation of a cell clone, Tn5B‐40, from low passage Tn5B1–4 cells. The growth characteristics, productions of virus, and high level of recombinant protein productions were determined. The results showed the susceptibility of both clone and Tn5B1–4 cells to wild‐type AcNPV was approximately the same rate with over 95% of infection; when the cloned cells were infected with recombinant baculoviruses expressing ß ‐galactosidase and secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP), expression of the recombinant proteins from the cloned cells exceeded that from the parental Tn5B1–4 cells.
Reduced sampling efficiency causes degraded Vernier hyperacuity with normal aging: Vernier acuity in position noise (2012)

Vernier acuity, a form of visual hyperacuity, is amongst the most precise forms of spatial vision. Under optimal conditions Vernier thresholds are much finer than the inter-photoreceptor distance. Achievement of such high precision is based substantially on cortical computations, most likely in the primary visual cortex. Using stimuli with added positional noise, we show that Vernier processing is reduced with advancing age across a wide range of noise levels. Using an ideal observer model, we are able to characterize the mechanisms underlying age-related loss, and show that the reduction in Vernier acuity can be mainly attributed to the reduction in efficiency of sampling, with no significant change in the level of internal position noise, or spatial distortion, in the visual system.
Ground-Based Sense-and-Avoid System for Small Unmanned Aircraft (2018)

In this Paper, we present a complete, proof-of-concept sense-and-avoid solution for small unmanned aircraft systems, including a small low-cost ground-based radar system, multitarget tracking and estimation, collision detection, and an avoidance planner. We describe the development of a small frequency-modulated continuous-wave phased-array radar system that provides a three-dimensional surveillance volume. The radar measurements are processed using the recursive random sample consensus algorithm, producing tracks for the intruders and the ownship. We propose a collision-detection algorithm based on the geometric relationship between encountering aircraft. If a collision threat is detected, a collision-free new path is generated for the ownship using a two-step path-planning algorithm. In the first step, an initial suboptimal path is generated using an search. In the second step, the path is refined using a variant of the potential fields technique, adapted to the sense-and-avoid scenario. The performance of the complete system is demonstrated with flight-test experiments.
Rational Design ofMulticomponent Calix[4]arenes and Control of Their Alignment in the Solid State (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTRational Design of Multicomponent Calix[4]arenes and Control of Their Alignment in the Solid StateLeonard R. MacGillivray and Jerry L. AtwoodView Author Information Department of Chemistry University of MissouriColumbia Columbia, Missouri 65211Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 29, 6931–6932Publication Date (Web):July 23, 1997Publication History Received10 March 1997Published online23 July 1997Published inissue 1 July 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja970758rhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja970758rrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views732Altmetric-Citations110LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Cavities,Hydrogen,Molecules,Noncovalent interactions,X-rays Get e-Alerts
End-to-End Learning for RIS-Aided Communication Systems (2022)

From adapting to the propagation environment to reconstructing the propagation environment, reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) changes the design paradigm of wireless communications. To reconstruct the propagation environment, joint beamforming of RIS and multi-input multi-output (MIMO) is crucial. Unfortunately, due to the coupling effect of the active beamforming of MIMO and passive beamforming of RIS, it is difficult to find the optimal solution to the joint beamforming problem, so a serious performance loss will be caused. In this paper, inspired by the end-to-end (E2E) learning of communication system, we propose the E2E learning based RIS-aided communication system to mitigate the performance loss via deep learning techniques. The key idea is to simultaneously optimize the signal processing functions at base station (BS), RIS, and user, including active beamforming for BS and user, passive beamforming for RIS. This way is able to avoid the performance loss caused by alternately optimizing each function of the RIS-aided system. Specifically, we firstly utilize a deep neural network (DNN) to realize the modulation and beamforming for BS and utilize another DNN to realize the demodulation and combining for user. Then, the RIS passive beamforming is also represented by trainable parameters, which could be simultaneously optimized with the DNNs at BS and user. Simulation results show that the proposed E2E learning based RIS-aided communication system could achieve the better bit error rate (BER) performance than traditional RIS-aided communication systems.
Wavelet-based progressive classification of high-range-resolution radar returns (1994)

In this paper we investigate the problem of fast and accurate classification of high range resolution radar returns. In addition we investigate the problem of efficient organization of large databases of pulsed high resolution radar returns from naval vessels in order to economize memory requirements and minimize search time. We use both synthetic radar returns from ships as well as real ISAR returns as the experimental data. We develop a novel algorithm for hierarchically organizing the database, which utilizes a multiresolution wavelet representation working in synergy with a Tree Structured Vector Quantizer (TSVQ), utilized in its clustering mode. The tree structure is induced by the multiresolution decomposition of the pulses. The TSVQ design algorithm is of the 'greedy' type. We demonstrate that our algorithm automatically computes the aspect graph (i.e. the simultaneous representation of compressed pulses as functions of aspect and elevation) for single target or for a group of targets. We also develop a novel optimization framework for the simultaneous design of the wavelet basis, the Tree-Structured Vector Quantizer and the Classification rule. We show that an efficient implementation consists of an adaptive Wavelet Transform - Tree Structured Vector Quantization with Learning. We show experimental results on the performance of the algorithm as measured by: (a) memory requirements; (b) search time; (c) scaling with respect to size; (d) accuracy in recovery. We also show experimental results with respect to variations in the mother wavelet and the design of the tree, as well as their impact on the performance of the algorithm. The results indicate that the combined algorithm results in orders of magnitude faster data search time, with negligible performance degradation (as measured by rate-distortion curves).
Influence of high-stakes tests on teaching styles of science teachers in senior secondary schools in Nigeria (2022)

The problem of teaching styles of teachers in the science arm of secondary schools in Nigeria has been a subject of concern and discuss. Many studies have been carried out to investigate factors that affect teaching styles but very few have considered the role of high-stakes tests. This study, therefore, investigated the influence of high-stakes tests on the teaching styles of science teachers in senior secondary schools in Nigeria. Two research questions were raised and answered, and three hypotheses were formulated and tested to guide the study at a .05 level of significance. The study used a descriptive research design. A sample of 6349 students and teachers was utilized for the study. The research instrument used for data collection was the questionnaire titled: High-stakes and Teaching Styles Questionnaire (HSTSQ). The instrument was subjected to face and content validity; Cronbach Alpha reliability analysis yielded a 0.84 coefficient. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, multiple regression and independent t-test statistics. The results using multiple regression revealed that significant influence exists for the independent variable (high-stakes tests, r = 0.408, p &lt; 0.05). The mean difference in the opinions of the respondents regarding high-stakes tests was higher for teachers (X̅ = 53.63, SD = 6.77) than students (X̅ = 52.8904, SD = 7.55), t(6347) = -2.704, p &gt; 0.05, F = 1.322, p = .250), and there was a significant difference. In conclusion, high-stakes test factors have a significant influence on the teaching styles of teachers. Therefore, it is recommended among others, that teachers and educators should pay attention to the effects of high-stakes testing in their schools.
Self-Generation of Circular Polarization Using Compact Fabry–Perot Cavity Antennas (2011)

A new configuration of a compact self-polarizing Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity antenna is presented. It is excited in single-linear polarization at 45 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> and radiates in circular polarization. It consists of a polarizing FSS (used to ensure the polarization conversion) and a corrugated ground plane (designed to guarantee the resonance conditions for both incident orthogonal linear polarizations). A compact shielded FP antenna with an aperture of 1.62 λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> is optimized and fabricated in <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</i> -band to validate the concept at 2.5 GHz. A 3-dB axial-ratio bandwidth of about 1.9% is achieved with an antenna height of only 0.8 λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> . The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulations. This antenna configuration is attractive for narrowband applications, like the space ones in <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C</i> - or <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</i> -bands.
Advanced Methods and Software for Enhancing Analytical Tools Capabilities during Chip Diagnostic and Characterization (2012)

Abstract In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of several advanced methods and software solutions that we have developed during the years in support of chip diagnostic and characterization in our lab. These techniques apply to the analytical tools in our lab, such as time-integrated and time-resolved emission microscopes, and are devised to help improve productivity and ease of use. In particular we discuss emission-based auto-focusing for detecting very faint signals, processing large sets of images for high-resolution mapping of very large field of views, careful registration of emission images to circuit layout shapes, and advanced processing of the data for extracting the valuable underlying information. In the past, these techniques have been extensively used in support of many diagnostic and characterization applications, and they have been effective enablers for the development of innovative methods and tools.
Ozonated Olive Oil: Enhanced Cutaneous Delivery via Niosomal Nanovesicles for Melanoma Treatment (2022)

Ozonated olive oil (OL) combines the therapeutic effects of both ozone and olive oil. However, it suffers from limited water solubility and poor transdermal permeation, which hinder its application in melanoma treatment. Nanocarrier host molecules, such as niosomes, were used to improve the water solubility, transdermal permeation, and anticancer effect of hydrophobic compounds. This study aims to design and optimize a niosomal vesicular nanoplatform loaded with OL (OL/NSs) to improve OL's skin permeation and anti-melanoma effect. In this regard, OL was prepared and characterized by evaluating its chemical properties (acid, peroxide, and iodine values) and fatty acid composition using gas chromatography. Then, OL/NSs were developed using the thin film hydration method employing cholesterol, Span 60, and Tween 60 at five different molar ratios. The optimized niosomes had an average diameter of 125.34 ± 13.29 nm, a surface charge of -11.34 ± 4.71 mV, and a spherical shape. They could entrap 87.30 ± 4.95% of the OL. OL/NSs showed a 75% sustained oil release over 24 h. The skin permeation percentage of OL/NSs was 36.78 ± 3.31 and 53.44 ± 6.41% at 12 and 24 h, respectively, three times higher than that of the free OL (11.50 ± 1.3 and 17.24 ± 2.06%, at 12 and 24 h, respectively). Additionally, the anticancer activity of the developed niosmal formulation, when tested on human melanoma cells (A375), was double that of the free OL; the IC<sub>50</sub> of the OL/NSs was 8.63 ± 2.8 μg/mL, and that of the free OL was 17.4 ± 3.7 μg/mL. In conclusion, the encapsulation of ozonated olive oil in niosomes enhanced its water solubility, skin permeation, and anticancer activity and thus may represent potent natural chemotherapy in treating melanoma.
Needle Tip Force Sensor for Medical Applications (2019)

We present a 10 N nominal needle tip force sensor based on silicon-based semiconductor strain gauges that can be used in brachytherapy or biopsies. As deformation body the guiding rod of such a surgical needle with a diameter of 1.2 mm is used. In a thinned area, near the tip of the needle, the strain gauge, as sensing element, is applied with a flexible PCB for electrical connection. Two needles are built and characterized using a testing machine. The sensors provide sensitivities of 6.1 mV/N and 6.4 mV/N for only 1 mA supply current of the bridge, respectively. The linearity and hysteresis errors are in the range of 0.6 % to 4.4 %, which allows measuring interaction forces at the needle tip. Our results prove that the force sensor will provide new measurement means or applications with haptic feedback or for robotic insertion tools.
IDLV-HIV-1 Env vaccination in non-human primates induces affinity maturation of antigen-specific memory B cells (2018)

HIV continues to be a major global health issue. In spite of successful prevention interventions and treatment methods, the development of an HIV vaccine remains a major priority for the field and would be the optimal strategy to prevent new infections. We showed previously that a single immunization with a SIV-based integrase-defective lentiviral vector (IDLV) expressing the 1086.C HIV-1-envelope induced durable, high-magnitude immune responses in non-human primates (NHPs). In this study, we have further characterized the humoral responses by assessing antibody affinity maturation and antigen-specific memory B-cell persistence in two vaccinated macaques. These animals were also boosted with IDLV expressing the heterologous 1176.C HIV-1-Env to determine if neutralization breadth could be increased, followed by evaluation of the injection sites to assess IDLV persistence. IDLV-Env immunization was associated with persistence of the vector DNA for up to 6 months post immunization and affinity maturation of antigen-specific memory B cells.
Influences of Microstructure on Hydrogen Sulfide Sensing Characteristics of Tin Dioxide Films. (1996)

アルミナ基板上に製膜方法の異なる 3 種類の SnO2膜 (厚膜印刷法で作製した厚膜素子,スパッタ法で作製したスパッタ薄膜素子,ゾルーゲル法で作製したゾル基薄膜素子)を作製し, H2S に対するセンサー応答と膜の微細構造との関係について検討した。H2S に対するセソサーの応答性は SnO2 膜中の細孔の状態に強く依存することがわかった。厚膜素子とスパッタ薄膜素子では膜中に微細なミクロ細孔が存在するために,素子温度 200℃ では 5ppm の H2S に対して非常に遅い応答特性を示した。一方,ゾル基薄膜素子では膜中に 10～20 nm の均一なメソ細孔だけが存在し,ミクロ細孔を含まないために, 200℃ でも 5PPm の H2S に対して良好な応答特性を示した。さらに,ゾル基薄膜素子の応答性は H2S 濃度の影響を受けることがわかった。高濃度領域( 5ppm 以上)と低濃度領域( 100ppb 以下)では,良好な応答性を示し,中濃度領域(100ppb ～ 5ppm)では応答が遅くなった。このような応答速度の濃度依存性は,メソ細孔内のガス拡散抵抗の影響によるものであると考えられた。