gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Versatile Z-axis interconnection-based coreless technology solutions for next generation packaging (2013)

This paper discusses a novel strategy to combine Z-interconnect and coreless technology together to fabricate high density substrates for next generation packaging. The process starts with coreless fabrication of building blocks including signal and joining subcomposites (subs), and subsequently join and interconnect them by a lamination process. Through holes in the joining subs are filled with a conductive adhesive formulated using controlled-sized metallic particles to produce electrical connection between signal subs during lamination. A variety of filled joining and signal subs are fabricated to form a various combination of multilayer high density structures including rigid, rigid-rigid, rigid-flex, stacked packages, or RF substrates. Coreless z-axis interconnect flip-chip packages were evaluated at both the subcomposite and composite levels to understand and reduce paste-to-package CTE mismatch. As a case study, a coreless z-axis interconnect construction for a 150 μm pitch flip-chip package having mixed dielectric was used to evaluate CTE and warpage. The flip-chip package shows room temperature warpage averaged 56 microns, reducing to 45 microns near reflow temperature. S-parameter measurement was used to gauge electrical performance, and the coreless Z-interconnect package showed very low loss at multi-gigahertz frequencies. The current process can be used to fabricate a wide range of substrates with electrically conducting adhesive-based joints having diameters in the range of 55 to 500 μm.
ChemInform Abstract: o‐Formylarylazomethylenetriphenylphosphoranes: a Facile Thermally Promoted Rearrangement to 3‐Oxo‐indazoline and 4‐Oxo‐dihydroquinazoline Derivatives. (1985)

Abstract (o‐Formylaryl‐azomethylen)‐triphenylphosphorane, die an dem zur Ylid‐Gruppierung‐ gehörenden C‐Atom eine elektronenabziehende Gruppe tragen, gehen eine intramolekulare thermische Cyclisierung ein, wie z.B. die Phosphorane (I) zu den Indazolinylmethylen‐phosphoranen (II).
Recent Progress in Tunable Cr:ZnS/Se Lasers (2013)

We report on recent progress in development of high power; high energy; tunable (1.9-3.3 um), mid-IR Cr:ZnS/Se lasers operating in CW (&gt;20 W), gain-switched (&gt;20 mJ@7ns) and long pulse ( &gt;1 J@7ms) regimes.
The HyMethShip Concept: An investigation of system design choices and vessel operation characteristics influence on life cycle performance (2020)

Contribution to Transport Research Arena TRA 2020: Rethinking transport. Towards clean and inclusive mobility; 27 - 30 April 2020, cancelled (COVID-19)
Save energy on OLED lighting by a simple yet powerful technique (2014)

In order to reduce power consumption in OLED lighting, polymeric lighting extraction films were integrated directly on the backside of green emissive bottom-emitting OLED glass substrates. The luminous efficacy and external quantum efficiency were improved by up to 50%.
Publisher Correction: Precisely printable and biocompatible silk fibroin bioink for digital light processing 3D printing (2018)

The original version of this Article contained errors in Figs. 5 and 6. In Fig. 5b, the second panel on the bottom row was stretched out of proportion. In Fig. 6d, the first panel was also stretched out of proportion. In Fig. 6f, the fifth panel inadvertently repeated the fourth. This has been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
Suppl. Figure S9 from ROS Induction Targets Persister Cancer Cells with Low Metabolic Activity in NRAS-Mutated Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;S9: Treatment of binimetinib-sensitive melanoma cell lines with PPP inhibitor&lt;/p&gt;
Transcriptomic Analysis and High-dimensional Phenotypic Mapping of Mononuclear Phagocytes in Mesenteric Lymph Nodes Reveal Differences Between Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease (2019)

Defining the landscape of MNPs in MLNs provided evidence for expansion of CD163+ Mono/MΦ-like cells in UC only, highlighting a distinction between UC and CD, and thus the potential contribution of monocyte-like cells in driving colitis.
The basic science behind biologic augmentation of tendon-bone healing: a scientific review. (2014)

Rotator cuff tears are common musculoskeletal injuries that often require surgical repair. Despite advances in surgical techniques, including progression from a single row of anchors to double-row constructs, recurrent tearing or failure to heal still complicates 10% to 94% of repairs. The surgical treatment of rotator cuff tears is aimed at providing the best mechanical environment for tendon healing. Despite appropriate surgical management and a normal healing response, the resultant tendon healing does not regenerate the tendon-bone architecture initially formed during prenatal development. Instead, a mechanically weaker, fibrovascular scar is formed, leading to suboptimal healing rates and/or higher retear rates. Biologic augmentation strategies aim to improve healing rates by introducing higher concentrations of growth factors and cytokines, mesenchymal stem cells, and enzymatic antagonists to the repair site in the hope of directing a more sophisticated healing response. Biologic augmentation and tissue engineering to improve tendon-to-bone healing remains promising but will require more study before its clinical application is realized.
Expression of Glucose-6-phosphatase System Genes in Murine Cortex and Hypothalamus (2006)

The glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) system participates in the regulation of glucose homeostasis by converting glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) into glucose and inorganic phosphates. We have used an RT-PCR-based cloning and sequencing approach to study the expression of components of the G6Pase system in the hypothalamus and cortex tissues of the ob/ob mouse. We observed the expression of hepatic G6Pase catalytic subunit, G6PC, in both tissues, although increased template inputs were required for its detection. Conversely, expression of both the mouse homologue of the previously-described brain-specific G6P translocase T1 (G6PT1) variant and of the hepatic G6PT1 isoform was easily detectable in hypothalamus and cortex tissues. Of the proposed G6Pase catalytic subunit homologues, the expression of murine ubiquitous G6Pase catalytic subunit-related protein (UGRP, G6PC3) was also easily detectable in both tissues. However, islet-specific G6Pase catalytic subunit-related protein (IGRP, G6PC2) was expressed in a tissue-specific manner, and was detectable only in hypothalamus tissue at increased template inputs. We conclude that cells within ob/ob mouse hypothalamus and cortex tissues express genes with either established or proposed roles in G6P hydrolysis.
Multi-user Multi-Carrier Differential Chaos Shift Keying communication system (2013)

In this paper, a multi user Multi-Carrier Differential Chaos Shift Keying (MC-DCSK) modulation is presented. The system endeavors to provide a good trade-off between robustness, energy efficiency and high data rate, while still being simple. In this architecture of MC-DCSK system, for each user, chaotic reference sequence is transmitted over a predefined subcarrier frequency. Multiple modulated data streams are transmitted over the remaining subcarriers allocated for each user. This transmitter structure saves energy and increases the spectral efficiency of the conventional DCSK system.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiroptical Properties of Chiral Olefins. (1988)

Abstract A series of chiral (4‐methylcyclohexylidene)(X,Y‐substituted)methane derivatives are prepared (i.e.
Role of diradylglycerol formation in H2O2 and lactoferrin release in adherent human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (1994)

Abstract Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) adherent to fibrinogen exhibit a delay in the release of H2O2 in response to fMLP. Previously, we demonstrated that H2O2 release in adherent PMNs coincides with the exocytosis of lactoferrin-containing specific granules and activation of phospholipase D (PLD). We also found that chelation of intracellular calcium blocked both lactoferrin and H2O2 release in stimulated PMNs in spite of the fact that adhesion and spreading remained normal. Since diradylglycerol (DRG) formation has been implicated in PMN secretion and oxidant release, we determined the effect of intracellular calcium chelation on PLD activation and DRG formation to ascertain whether DRG formation was coupled to lactoferrin and H2O2 release. We observed that chelation of intracellular calcium with bis-(O-aminophenoxy)-ethanol-N,N;N'- tetraacetic add (BAPTA) prevented PLD activation as monitored by inhibition of phosphatidylethanol formation. Formation of DRG derived from phosphatidic acid (PA) was also inhibited in the presence of BAPTA. Following the addition of the calcium ionophore ionomycin to the BAPTA-treated PMNs, lactoferrin and H2O2 release was coincident with the onset of DRG formation. Also the addition of sn-1,2-didecanoylglycerol to the BAPTA-treated PMNs stimulated them to release H2O2. Our studies support the hypothesis that DRG derived from PLD activation is required for degranulation of specific granules and associated H2O2 release from adherent PMNs. J. Leukoc. Biol. 56: 105–109; 1994.
Age-dependent associations of human milk oligosaccharides with body size and composition up to 4 years of age (2023)

Milk HMO composition at 6 wk postpartum is associated with several anthropometry measures up to 6 mo of age in a potential secretor status-specific manner, with largely different HMOs associating with anthropometry from 12 mo to 4 y of age.
160 The effect of feeding a phytogenic (Ambitine™FT) with and without added copper on late finishing pig performance (2016)

Eight hundred and eighty late finishing pigs (initial BW = 95.2kg) were used to evaluate the effect of feeding a commercially available phytogenic Ambitine Feed Technology (Ambitine FT) in corn-soybean meal-dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) diet on late finisher pig performance. Pigs were allotted in a randomized complete block design into mixed gender pens, with 11 replicates per treatment, 20 pigs per pen, and fed 1 of 4 dietary treatments. Dietary treatments were Control no medication, AmbitineFT (0.10%), AmbitineFT (0.10%) + Copper Chloride (150ppm), Copper Chloride (150ppm). Pigs were fed 2 dietary phases, phase 1 was fed from Day 0 to 20 and consisted of corn-soybean meal-12.5% DDGS formulated to 0.70% TID lysine, phase 2 was fed from Day 20 to 42 and consisted of corn-soybean meal-10% DDGS formulated to 0.65% TID lysine. Data were analyzed using the Mixed procedure in SAS. There were no difference in pig performance in period 1 d 0 to 20. Total gain for period 2 d 20 to 42 tended to be increased (P = 0.08) with AmbitineFT and AmbitineFT + Copper Chloride treatments when compared to the Control and the Copper Chloride treatment was intermediate (18.40, 19.99, 19.60, 19.24 kg, treatments respectively). Period 2 ADG was increased (P = 0.04) with AmbitineFT and AmbitineFT + Copper Chloride treatments when compared to the Control and the Copper Chloride treatment was intermediate (837.63, 908.91, 891.66, 862.15 g/d, treatments respectively). Period 2 ADFI was not different between treatments (2.979, 2.954, 2.912, 2.894 kg/d, treatments respectively). Period 2 Gain:Feed was increased (P = 0.01) with AmbitineFT, AmbitineFT + Copper Chloride, and Copper Chloride treatments when compared to the Control (0.281, 0.308, 0.306, 0.299, treatments respectively). Overall Day 0 to 42 ADG was not different between treatments (913.45, 941.60, 942.96, 929.34 g/d, treatments respectively). Overall ADFI was not different between treatments (2.840, 2.790, 2.802, 2.805 kg/d, treatments respectively). Overall Gain:Feed for Day 0 to 42 was increased (P = 0.03) with AmbitineFT and AmbitineFT + Copper Chloride treatments when compared to the Control and the Copper Chloride treatment was intermediate (0.322, 0.337, 0.337, 0.331, treatments respectively). Supplementation of AmbitineFT with or without copper chloride to late finishing pigs resulted in improved feed conversion.
Multi‐Step Forecasting for Household Power Consumption (2023)

Abstract It is of great importance to build an accurate model for the multi‐step forecasting of household power consumption. In recent years, more and more researchers have focused on adopting hybrid models to execute forecasting due to the irregularity and nonlinearity of power data. However, existing forecasting models usually make predictions directly on original data. This paper introduces secondary decomposition algorithm used to decompose primal data. We use singular spectrum analysis (SSA) to decompose the original series into several subseries, utilize variational mode decomposition (VMD) optimized by whale optimization algorithm to decompose the subseries with the highest frequency into several intrinsic mode functions . Then all subseries obtained from SSA and VMD are fed into long short‐term memory model to get predictions. In order to confirm the validity of proposed model, this paper performs several experimental analyses. The results of experiments show that the proposed model effectively improves the accuracy of forecasting. © 2023 Institute of Electrical Engineer of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Detecting thermal crack growth on a large additive manufactured structure using acoustic emission (2022)

Large format additive manufacturing (LFAM) proved to have a great potential to become an adjacent technology to traditional manufacturing methods. One of the sectors LFAM is targeting is rapid tool/mold development for composites. This includes large mold structures used for high-temperature molding techniques (in-oven or autoclave). Although, these large printed structures (reaching hundreds of pounds) develop thermal-residual stress during cool-down and can eventually crack, turning the structure into waste. Acoustic emission (AE), a passive non-intrusive global nondestructive evaluation (NDE) technique, was used to monitor crack growth and can provide the right tools that can be used for feedback loop for corrective action. This research performs thermal testing on a large AM mold with preexisting cracks, in an attempt to monitor crack growth using AE. AE was able to detect, identify and locate the crack source by means of acoustic features, waveform characteristics, spectrum analysis, and difference in arrival times.
Improvement trends, phenotypic and molecular diversity among hard red winter wheat cultivars in Nebraska (2004)

The first chapter deals with the genetic improvement trends in agronomic performances and end-use quality attribute in the Nebraska hard red winter wheat cultivars. The aim of the study was to determine genetic variability and trends of genetic progress in agronomic and end-use quality traits and assess stability and association between characters if there were changes over time. Thirty cultivars including 5 historically important ancestors released from 1784 to 2000 were evaluated under rain-fed conditions at Lincoln, Mead and North Platte in 2002 and 2003 seasons using alpha lattice design with 45 incomplete blocks of two plots. Modern cultivars were high yielder, highly responsive to environments and less stable for grain yield and its components when compared to older lines. Older cultivars showed more response than modern cultivars for days to flowering and plant height. Breeders have selected lines for higher grain yield and spike productivity, earliness, shorter height, higher flour yield, longer mixing time and mixing tolerance. Chapter II focused on the comparison of genetic diversity estimates using different methods in the same cultivars. The study objectives were to (1) determine the genetic diversity among had red winter wheat cultivars adapted to the Northern Great Plains using pedigree information, morphological traits, end-use quality attributes and molecular markers and (2) examine the association of genetic distance estimates obtained from these methods. Genetic diversity was estimated based pedigree history, morphological traits and end-use quality traits, seed storage proteins, 51 SSRs and 23 SRAPs. Molecular markers showed that pedigree analysis had overestimated genetic distance between cultivars due to unrealistic assumptions. All distance estimates were positively interrelated. Highly significant positive correlation of distance estimates from morphological traits with all other method showed relation of morphological diversity with end-use quality and molecular markers diversity. Highly significant positive correlation between molecular markers-based distances estimates shows that molecular markers could explain similar genetic variability among cultivars. Relatively, clustering based on SSR markers and morphology grouped most cultivars in agreement with pedigree history.
Thiazole Imide‐Based All‐Acceptor Homopolymer: Achieving High‐Performance Unipolar Electron Transport in Organic Thin‐Film Transistors (2018)

High-performance unipolar n-type polymer semiconductors are critical for advancing the field of organic electronics, which relies on the design and synthesis of new electron-deficient building blocks with good solubilizing capability, favorable geometry, and optimized electrical properties. Herein, two novel imide-functionalized thiazoles, 5,5'-bithiazole-4,4'-dicarboxyimide (BTzI) and 2,2'-bithiazolothienyl-4,4',10,10'-tetracarboxydiimide (DTzTI), are successfully synthesized. Single crystal analysis and physicochemical study reveal that DTzTI is an excellent building block for constructing all-acceptor homopolymers, and the resulting polymer poly(2,2'-bithiazolothienyl-4,4',10,10'-tetracarboxydiimide) (PDTzTI) exhibits unipolar n-type transport with a remarkable electron mobility (μ<sub>e</sub> ) of 1.61 cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> , low off-currents (I<sub>off</sub> ) of 10<sup>-10</sup> -10<sup>-11</sup> A, and substantial current on/off ratios (I<sub>on</sub> /I<sub>off</sub> ) of 10<sup>7</sup> -10<sup>8</sup> in organic thin-film transistors. The all-acceptor homopolymer shows distinctive advantages over prevailing n-type donor-acceptor copolymers, which suffer from ambipolar transport with high I<sub>off</sub> s > 10<sup>-8</sup> A and small I<sub>on</sub> /I<sub>off</sub> s < 10<sup>5</sup> . The results demonstrate that the all-acceptor approach is superior to the donor-acceptor one, which results in unipolar electron transport with more ideal transistor performance characteristics.
Downsizing of Enzymes by Chemical Methods: Arginine Mimics with Low pKa Values Increase the Rates of Hydrolysis of RNA Model Compounds (2009)

A talented mimic: Large rate enhancements were observed in the catalysis of reactions of RNA models when two arginine residues and two histidine residues were replaced with residues with a guanidiniocarbonyl pyrrole (Gcp) side chain (see structure) in a folded polypeptide catalyst. Gcp fulfilled the functions of, and even outperformed, both Arg and His. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Academic research in the 21st century: maintaining scientific integrity in a climate of perverse incentives and hypercompetition. (2018)

Over the last 50 years, we argue that incentives for academic scientists have become increasingly perverse in terms of competition for research funding, development of quantitative metrics to measure performance, and a changing business model for higher education itself. Furthermore, decreased discretionary funding at the federal and state level is creating a hypercompetitive environment between government agencies (e.g., EPA, NIH, CDC), for scientists in these agencies, and for academics seeking funding from all sources-the combination of perverse incentives and decreased funding increases pressures that can lead to unethical behavior. If a critical mass of scientists become untrustworthy, a tipping point is possible in which the scientific enterprise itself becomes inherently corrupt and public trust is lost, risking a new dark age with devastating consequences to humanity. Academia and federal agencies should better support science as a public good, and incentivize altruistic and ethical outcomes, while de-emphasizing output. PMID: 28115824
ADAMTS13 autoantibody detection by quantitative immunoblotting (2003)

Multiple BCL6 translocation partners in individual cases of gastric lymphoma
Spiral Modiolar Vein: Its Importance in Viral Load of the Inner Ear (1992)

Guinea pig-specific cytomegalovirus and Sendai virus were inoculated into the cochleas of seronegative guinea pigs to study the route of entry of cells participating in inner ear inflammation. Inflammatory cells accumulated around the spiral modiolar vein and appeared to be streaming from this vein into the scala tympani via a collecting venule. Inactivated virus inoculated into the cochlea and normal control cochlea failed to show inflammatory cell infiltrates. The spiral modiolar vein appears to play an important role in the movement of cells from the systemic circulation into the inner ear as part of the host's normal defense against invading pathogens such as viruses.
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes directed against a tumor-specific mutated antigen display similar HLA tetramer binding but distinct functional avidity and tissue distribution (2002)

We have previously identified an antigen (Ag) recognized on a human large cell carcinoma of the lung by a tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte clone derived from autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). The antigenic peptide is presented by HLA-A2 molecules and is encoded by a mutated alpha-actinin-4 (ACTN4) gene. In the present report, we have isolated two anti-alpha-actinin-4 T cell clones from the same patient TIL and from his peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) by using tetramers of soluble HLA-A2 molecules loaded with the mutated peptide. Although all of the clones displayed similar tetramer labeling, those isolated from PBL showed lower avidity of Ag recognition and killed the specific target much less efficiently, indicating that tetramer staining does not correlate with clone avidity/tumor reactivity. T cell receptor (TCR) analysis revealed that alpha-actinin-4-reactive clones used distinct alpha and beta chain rearrangements, demonstrating TCR repertoire diversity. Interestingly, TCR beta chain gene usage indicated that only Ag-specific clones with high functional avidity were expanded at the tumor site, whereas a low-avidity clone was exclusively amplified in patient peripheral blood. Our results point to the existence of distinct but overlapping antitumor TCR repertoires in TIL and PBL and suggest a selective in situ expansion of tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte with high avidity/tumor reactivity.