gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lung Cancer Survival With Herbal Medicine and Vitamins in a Whole-Systems Approach (2011)

Complementary and alternative medicines are used by up to 48% of lung cancer patients but have seen little formal assessment of survival efficacy. In this 10-year retrospective survival study, the authors investigated Pan-Asian medicine + vitamins (PAM+V) therapy in a consecutive case series of all non-small-cell lung cancer patients (n = 239) presenting at a San Francisco Bay Area Chinese medicine center (Pine Street Clinic). They compared short-term treatment lasting the duration of chemotherapy/radiotherapy with long-term therapy continuing beyond conventional therapy. They also compared PAM+V plus conventional therapy with conventional therapy alone, using concurrent controls from the Kaiser Permanente Northern California and California Cancer Registries. They adjusted for confounding with Kaplan-Meier, Cox regression, and newer methods - propensity score and marginal structural models (MSMs), which when analyzing data from observational studies or clinical practice records can provide results comparable with randomized trials. Long-term use of PAM+V beyond completion of chemotherapy reduced stage IIIB deaths by 83% and stage IV by 72% compared with short-term use only for the duration of chemotherapy. Long-term PAM+V combined with conventional therapy reduced stage IIIA deaths by 46%, stage IIIB by 62%, and stage IV by 69% compared with conventional therapy alone. Survival rates for stage IV patients treated with PAM+V were 82% at 1 year, 68% at 2 years, and 14% at 5 years. PAM+V combined with conventional therapy improved survival in stages IIIA, IIIB, and IV, compared with conventional therapy alone. Prospective trials using PAM+V with conventional therapy for lung cancer patients are justified.
An Efficient Server Push Approach for On-Demand Video Streaming Over HTTP/2 (2018)

Video streaming over HTTP/2 is a new trend in multimedia delivery. Compared to the pull-based HTTP/1.1 protocol, the new HTTP/2 protocol's Server Push feature is very effective in reducing the overheads (e.g., in terms of energy, processing, bandwidth) for clients, servers, and network nodes. This paper presents an HTTP/2 push-based adaptation method for on-demand video streaming that reduces the number of requests and provides high video quality. In our method, for each client request, the server sends video segments continuously until it receives another client request with a new quality. Since a request is sent only if the client wants to update the video bitrate, our method can significantly reduce the request related overhead. For this context, a buffer based algorithm is proposed to provide high and smooth video quality while avoiding buffer underflows. Experiments show that the proposed method can provide a lower number of requests, higher average quality and better quality smoothness than existing methods.
One-step antibacterial modification of polypropylene non-woven fabrics via oxidation using photo-activated chlorine dioxide radicals (2023)

In this study, we examined the modification of polypropylene non-woven fabrics (PP NWFs) <i>via</i> a one-step oxidation treatment using photo-activated chlorine dioxide radicals (ClO<sub>2</sub>˙). The oxidised PP NWFs exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against both <i>Escherichia coli</i> (Gram-negative) and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (Gram-positive). The mound structure and antibacterial activity in the modified PP NWFs disappeared upon washing with a polar organic solvent. After washing, nanoparticles of around 80 nm in diameter were observed in the solution. The results of several mechanistic studies suggest that nanoparticles can contribute to the antimicrobial activity of oxidised PP NWFs.
Solubilisierende, säurelabile Peptidschutzgruppen (1979)

Vorteile beim Arbeiten mit Peptiden bietet eine neue Schutzgruppe. In ihr sind Strukturmerkmale und Eigenschaften von Triethylenglykol‐Resten (Solubilisierung) und tert ‐Butyl‐Gruppen (Säurelabilität) vereinigt. magnified image
The Influence of Block Copolymers on Silica-Filled Polyisoprene (2004)

Abstract In the present work, precipitated silica, liquid polyisoprene, and PDMS-PI block copolymer are mixed in different formulations. The dynamic rheological properties of the resulting uncured materials are measured and are used to assess filler-filler networking. In small-amplitude tests, composites containing PDMS-PI exhibit lower values of the dynamic storage modulus ( G ′) than those observed in control samples prepared without copolymer additives. The control samples remain stable during several months of storage, while samples containing low molecular weight block copolymers show evidence of an aging process. The rheological manifestations of this aging include a pronounced decrease in small-amplitude G ′ with time, accompanied by weakening amplitude-dependence of both G ′ and G ″. These suggest a progressive reduction of filler-filler interactions, presumably caused by the development of a block copolymer layer at the filler-polymer interface. The make-up of that interfacial region is investigated by means of magic-angle spinning solid-state 1 H NMR experiments carried out on bound polymer fractions that survive extraction in a good solvent. Spin-spin relaxation times and the intensities of the relaxation modes associated with these characteristic times are used to identify the proportion of both PDMS and polyisoprene among the segments strongly immobilized by close contact with the silica surface and among the rest of the bound (un-extracted) interfacial layer. The changes in mechanical properties are correlated not with the overall composition of the bound polymer fraction, but with the increase in PDMS segments in close contact with the filler surface.
Kallikrein Multigene Families and the Regulation of Their Expression (1990)

Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology™ is a peer reviewed, multidisciplinary journal that publishes original articles and pertinent review articles on basic and clinical aspects of cardiovascular pharmacology. Appropriate subjects include new drug development and evaluation, physiological and pharmacological bases of drug action, metabolism, drug interactions and side effects, clinical results with new and established agents and novel methods. The focus is on pharmacology in its broadest applications, incorporating not only traditional approaches, but new approaches to the development of pharmacological agents and the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Alkyl and Alkylidyne Complexes of Rhenium (1989)

The multiplicity of its oxidation states enables the element rhenium to fix numerous ligand types in stable complexes. The synthesis of “Cp*ReClMe3” now completes the series of Rev complexes “Cp*ReClnMe4–n”. The neopentyl complex 1 reacts with C5H5TiCl3 to give the paramagnetic carbyne complex 2, which can be smoothly oxidized to the diamagnetic complex 3. Complexes 2 and 3 are the first π-cyclopentadienylcarbyne complexes with rhenium in high oxidation states (ReVI and ReVII, resp.). Cp* = η5-C5(CH3)5.
Folding fan mode counter-current chromatography offers fast blind screening for drug discovery. Case study: Finding anti-enterovirus 71 agents from Anemarrhena asphodeloides (2014)

A new application of counter-current chromatography (CCC) in drug discovery, called folding fan mode (FFM), is designed to eliminate the extensive and time-consuming calculation of the partition coefficients of some preset compounds in conventional CCC separation. Careful reading of reports in the literature reveals that, when two-phase solvent systems are listed in a polarity-increasing sequence, the isolates also show a similar trend in polarity. The relationship between the two-phase solvent system and the isolates is like that between the folds and the picture of a folding fan. We can directly select a two-phase solvent system to separate fractions having similar polarity, just as opening a fan reveals a picture. The solvent ratio of two-phase solvent systems can be adjusted according to the polarity and weight ratio of active fractions rather than the partition coefficients. Without preset compounds, FFM-CCC not only requires no measurement of partition coefficients, but also achieves true blind screening. This paper reports the method's first success in drug discovery: six anti-EV71 saponins were found from the mixture (9.13 g) of ethanol extract and water extract of Anemarrhena asphodeloides after a total of four CCC separations, using hexan/ethyl acetate/methanol/butanol/water as the model solvent system. Among these saponins, timosaponin B-II displayed a comparable IC50 (4.3 ± 2.1 μM) and a 40-fold higher selective index (SI=92.9) than the positive control (IC50=361.7 ± 104.6 μM, SI=2.4), ribavirin. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) of these compounds was also studied.
SATE (Aryl) Phosphotriester Series. Part 1. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Verification of a research prototype for hemodynamic analysis of cerebral aneurysms (2016)

Owing to its clinical importance, there has been a growing body of research on understanding the hemodynamics of cerebral aneurysms. Traditionally, this work has been performed using general-purpose, state-of-the-art commercial solvers. This has meant requiring engineering expertise for making appropriate choices on the geometric discretization, time-step selection, choice of boundary conditions etc. Recently, a CFD research prototype has been developed (Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Prototype - not for diagnostic use) for end-to-end analysis of aneurysm hemodynamics. This prototype enables anatomical model preparation, hemodynamic computations, advanced visualizations and quantitative analysis capabilities. In this study, we investigate the accuracy of the hemodynamic solver in the prototype against a commercially available CFD solver ANSYS CFX 16.0 (ANSYS Inc., Canonsburg, PA, www.ansys.com) retrospectively on a sample of twenty patient-derived aneurysm models, and show good agreement of hemodynamic parameters of interest.
A simplified model for high-rate actuation of shape memory alloy torque tubes using induction heating (2017)

Shape memory alloy actuators deliver high forces while being compact and reliable, making them ideal for consideration in aerospace applications. Induction heating of shape memory alloy actuators, specifically tubes that twist about the longitudinal axis, has recently been studied experimentally and computationally using finite element analysis. Reduced-order models for the torsional behavior of shape memory alloy tubes and induction heating of general metallic tubes exist, and thus, it is possible for these thermal and mechanical models to be combined and numerically solved. This work develops and implements an engineering model for inductively heated shape memory alloy tubes based on the reduction of the governing partial differential equations in space and time to an ordinary differential equation in time. An example solution is compared to finite element analysis results and agrees well. Finally, the ordinary differential equation is linearized and solved analytically. The linearized model agrees well with the nonlinear ordinary differential equation and finite element model.
Wide Wavelength Tuning of Optical Antennas on Graphene with Nanosecond Response Time (2013)

Graphene is emerging as a broadband optical material which can be dynamically tuned by electrostatic doping. However, the direct application of graphene sheets in optoelectronic devices is challenging due to graphene's small thickness and the resultant weak interaction with light. By combining metal and graphene in a hybrid plasmonic structure, it is possible to enhance graphene-light interaction and thus achieve in situ control of the optical response. We show that the effective mode index of the bonding plasmonic mode in metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguides is particularly sensitive to the change in the optical conductivity of a graphene layer in the gap. By incorporating such MIM structures in optic antenna designs, we demonstrate an electrically tunable coupled antenna array on graphene with a large tuning range (1100 nm, i.e., 250 cm(-1), nearly 20% of the resonance frequency) of the antenna resonance wavelength at the mid-infrared (MIR) region. Our device exhibits a 3 dB cutoff frequency of 30 MHz, which can be further increased into the gigahertz range. This study confirms that hybrid metal-graphene structures are promising elements for high-speed electrically controllable optical and optoelectronic devices.
Ultrahigh Strength and Modulus Graphene‐Based Hybrid Carbons with AB‐Stacked and Turbostratic Structures (2020)

Abstract Graphene‐based hybrid carbons composed of a mix of AB‐stacked and turbostratic regions are reported. Macroscopic graphene films consisting of stacked graphenes are prepared using a liquid crystal graphene oxide dispersion. The graphene films are then infiltrated with bioinspired adhesives, catecholamines, and polymerized to obtain graphene/poly(catecholamine) composites. After heat treatment up to 3000 ºC, the composite films are transformed to have both AB‐stacked (mainly from graphene oxide) and turbostratic (mainly from poly(catecholamines)) structures, and exhibit significantly improved mechanical properties compared to the films having a predominant AB‐stacked structure made from only graphene oxide. They have almost twice the fracture strength (1012 ± 146 MPa) and ≈1.5× increase of both Young's modulus (21.87 ± 2.24 GPa) and strain‐to‐failure (8.91 ± 0.50%). In addition, the films have an in‐plane electrical conductivity as high as 1320 ± 159 S cm −1 . Such hybrid‐carbon films with the indicated mechanical and electrical properties have many promising uses, such as for light‐weight structural materials, and in flexible electronics such as for wearable heaters or in sensing electrodes.
P13.12: Microbubble contrast‐enhanced sonographic depiction of microvessel perfusion in an in vivo animal tumor model: implications for ovarian cancer (2004)

To optimize the in vivo sonographic depiction of microvessel perfusion using microbubble contrast and postulate its use in ovarian cancer early detection and therapeutic response. Ten mice were subcutaneously implanted with Lewis lung carcinoma cells. After 10 days of growth, tumors were imaged with microbubble contrast enhanced sonography (MCES) using harmonics and pulse inversion imaging techniques. Mice received intravenous injections of microbubble contrast. Multiple, high mechanical index (MI) pulses were administered to locally disrupt the microbubbles. Relative blood volume (rBV) and relative perfusion (rP) estimates were calculated using a two-parameter exponential recovery model of the signal (S) enhancement curve: S = A[1-exp (-Bt)] [1]. The regional contrast enhancement curves revealed significantly different levels of perfusion and peak amplitude. Representative intratumoral regions pooled from four mice exhibited higher rP and rBV values than normal muscle tissue adjacent to tumor borders [see table]. Notably, there was a paucity of contrast uptake in the central cores of tumors. Microbubble contrast used in conjunction with harmonics and pulse inversion can effectively depict microvessel perfusion and discriminate between normal and neovascularized tumor tissue. These data support the premise that active peripheral regions of tumors have extensively developed vasculature, while the necrotic intratumoral cores exhibit diminished blood flow. We are developing these techniques to assess tumor growth and treatment response in murine models of human cancer. With further development, MCES may be used to reliably ascertain varying degrees of neovascularization and, thus, be used clinically for early detection of ovarian malignancies and other soft-tissue tumors in the evaluation of response to antiangiogenic chemotherapy.
The Optimal Duration of PTH(1–34) Infusion Is One Hour per Day to Increase Bone Mass in Rats (2016)

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a potential medicine for osteoporosis, and subcutaneous (s.c.) PTH treatment enhances bone mass; however, continuous infusion of PTH elicits bone resorption and induces bone loss. To clarify this contradictory phenomenon, we examined bone markers and bone mass in rats to assess the optimal duration of PTH(1-34) infusion. Continuous infusion of PTH at 1 µg/kg/h (Css, steady-state concentration ca. 300 pg/mL) for 1-4 h clearly stimulated the expression both of bone formation-related genes (c-fos, Wnt4, EphrinB2) and of bone resorption-related genes (tnfsf11, tnfsf11b, encoding receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG)), but s.c. treatment stimulated these genes only 1-h after the injection. Rats were treated with 1-, 2-, or 4-h infusions of PTH daily using a totally implanted catheter system, and the femoral bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at 4 weeks. The 1-h infusion of PTH significantly stimulated serum bone formation markers (procollagen I N-terminal propeptide (PINP) and osteocalcin) on day 14 and femoral BMD at 2 and 4 weeks, but the 4-h infusion of PTH did not enhance BMD. Since the 4-h infusion increased the levels of both the bone formation markers and a bone resorption marker (urinary C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTx)), the increased bone resorption may predominate over bone formation. The intermittent elevation of plasma PTH to 300 pg/mL for 1-h each day is optimal for increasing bone mass in rats. In osteoporosis therapy in human, using the optimal duration for the clinical dose of PTH may selectively stimulate bone formation.
Performance of linear multi-user MIMO precoding in LTE system (2008)

For scenarios with a large number of users to be served in one cell, high capacity gains can be achieved by transmitting independent data streams to different users sharing the same time-frequency resources. This technique is known as Multi-User MIMO (MU-MIMO). In this paper we investigate the performance of MU-MIMO operation in 3GPP LTE for different frequency granularities of the precoder at the OFDM transmitter. We also investigate the impact of channel correlation on the performance of the receiver when it is unaware of the interfererpsilas precoding vector. The performance is evaluated by means of semistatic system simulations.
Effective BI‐DIME Ligand for Suzuki–Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reactions in Water with 500 ppm Palladium Loading and Triton X (2017)

Abstract An efficient, sustainable, and broadly applicable procedure has been developed for Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions in environmentally benign solvent (water) by employing as little as 500 ppm Pd(OAc) 2 with a monophosphorus BI‐DIME ligand in the presence of inexpensive and commercially available nonionic surfactant Triton X‐100. This method was applied to a broad range of functionalized reaction partners, thereby affording excellent yields of the coupling products, including active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). An interesting kinetic study by using reaction calorimetry is also presented, which describes the effect of reaction parameters that enabled the low catalyst loading.
<p>A Chelate-Free Nano-Platform for Incorporation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Isotopes</p> (2020)

The chelate-free HIR technique for binding metals to FH NPs has been extended to a range of metals with radioisotopes used in therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Cations with f-orbital electrons, more empty d-orbitals, larger radii, and higher positive charges achieved higher values of RCY and RCP in the HIR reaction. The ability to use a simple heating step to bind a wide range of metals to the FH NP, a widely available approved drug, may allow this NP to become a platform for obtaining radiolabeled nanoparticles in many settings.
A motorized ultrasound system for MRI-ultrasound fusion guided prostatectomy (2016)

<strong>Purpose</strong>: This study presents MoTRUS, a motorized transrectal ultrasound system, to enable remote navigation of a transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) probe during da Vinci assisted prostatectomy. MoTRUS not only provides a stable platform to the ultrasound probe, but also allows the physician to navigate it remotely while sitting on the da Vinci console. This study also presents phantom feasibility study with the goal being intraoperative MRI-US image fusion capability to bring preoperative MR images to the operating room for the best visualization of the gland, boundaries, nerves, etc. <strong>Method</strong>: A two degree-of-freedom probe holder is developed to insert and rotate a bi-plane transrectal ultrasound transducer. A custom joystick is made to enable remote navigation of MoTRUS. Safety features have been considered to avoid inadvertent risks (if any) to the patient. Custom design software has been developed to fuse pre-operative MR images to intraoperative ultrasound images acquired by MoTRUS. <strong>Results</strong>: Remote TRUS probe navigation was evaluated on a patient after taking required consents during prostatectomy using MoTRUS. It took 10 min to setup the system in OR. MoTRUS provided similar capability in addition to remote navigation and stable imaging. No complications were observed. Image fusion was evaluated on a commercial prostate phantom. Electromagnetic tracking was used for the fusion. <strong>Conclusions</strong>: Motorized navigation of the TRUS probe during prostatectomy is safe and feasible. Remote navigation provides physician with a more precise and easier control of the ultrasound image while removing the burden of manual manipulation of the probe. Image fusion improved visualization of the prostate and boundaries in a phantom study.
iFace 1.1: A Proof-of-Concept of a Facial Authentication Based Digital ID for Smart Cities (2022)

&#x201C;Smart Cities&#x201D; are a viable option to various issues caused by accelerated urban growth. To make smart cities a reality, smart citizens need to be connected to the &#x201C;Smart City&#x201D; through a digital ID. A digital ID allows citizens to make easy and effective use of amenities provided by the smart city such as healthcare, transport, finance, and energy. In this paper, we propose a proof-of-concept of facial authentication based end-to-end digital ID system for a smart city. Facial authentication systems are prone to various biometric template attacks and cyber security attacks. Our proposed system is designed to detect the first type of attack especially deepfake and presentation attacks. Users are authenticated each time before using facilities in the smart city. Authentication is performed on edge devices, making the process more secure as no data leaves the device during authentication. Facial data is stored at the cloud in a look up table format with an unidentifiable username. Our proposed solution achieved 97% accuracy in authentication with a False Rejection Ratio of 2% and False Acceptance Ratio of 3%.