gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The effect of knee extensor open kinetic chain resistance training in the ACL-injured knee (2014)

To investigate the effect of different loads of knee extensor open kinetic chain resistance training on anterior knee laxity and function in the ACL-injured (ACLI) knee. Fifty-eight ACLI subjects were randomised to one of three (12-week duration) training groups. The STAND group trained according to a standardised rehabilitation protocol. Subjects in the LOW and HIGH group trained as did the STAND group but with the addition of seated knee extensor open kinetic chain resistance training at loads of 2 sets of 20 repetition maximum (RM) and 20 sets of 2RM, respectively. Anterior knee laxity and measurements of physical and subjective function were performed at baseline, 6 and 12 weeks. Thirty-six subjects were tested at both baseline and 12 weeks (STAND n = 13, LOW n = 11, HIGH n = 12). The LOW group demonstrated a reduction in 133 N anterior knee laxity between baseline and 12 weeks testing when compared to the HIGH and the STAND groups (p = 0.009). Specifically, the trained-untrained knee laxity decreased an average of approximately 5 mm in the LOW group while remaining the same in the other two groups. Twelve weeks of knee extensor open kinetic chain resistance training at loads of 2 sets of 20RM led to a reduction in anterior knee laxity in the ACLI knee. This reduction in laxity does not appear to offer any significant short-term functional advantages when compared to a standard rehabilitation protocol. These results indicate that knee laxity can be decreased with resistance training of the thigh muscles. Randomised controlled trial, Level II.
Recording of holographic gratings in photochromic Al2O3:C,Mg crystals (2003)

Holographic recording is tested using new Al2O3:C,Mg crystals. Plane holograms were recorded using 442 nm pulsed laser light from the optical parameteric oscillator and were read non-destructively with 442 nm He- Cd laser.
Discovering Hidden Material Properties of MgCl2 at Atomic Resolution with Structured Temporal Electron Illumination of Picosecond Time Resolution (2019)

Abstract A combination of atomic resolution phase contrast electron microscopy and pulsed electron beams reveals pristine properties of MgCl 2 at 1.7 Å resolution that were previously masked by air and beam damage. Both the inter‐ and intra‐layer bonding in pristine MgCl 2 are weak, which leads to uncommonly large local orientation variations that characterize this Ziegler–Natta catalyst support. By delivering electrons with 1–10 ps pulses and ≈160 ps delay times, phonons induced by the electron irradiation in the material are allowed to dissipate before the subsequent delivery of the next electron packet, thus mitigating phonon accumulations. As a result, the total electron dose can be extended by a factor of 80–100 to study genuine material properties at atomic resolution without causing object alterations, which is more effective than reducing the sample temperature. In conditions of minimal damage, beam currents approach femtoamperes with dose rates around 1 eÅ −2 s −1 . Generally, the utilization of pulsed electron beams is introduced herein to access genuine material properties while minimizing beam damage.
Role of compartmentalized redox-active iron in hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage and apoptosis (2005)

Jurkat cells in culture were exposed to oxidative stress in the form of continuously generated hydrogen peroxide, obtained by the addition of glucose oxidase to the medium. This treatment induced a rapid, dose-dependent increase in the ICIP (intracellular calcein-chelatable iron pool). Early destabilization of lysosomal membranes and subsequent nuclear DNA strand breaks were also observed, as evaluated by the Acridine Orange relocation test and the comet assay respectively. Somewhat later, these effects were followed by a lowered mitochondrial membrane potential, with release of cytochrome c and apoptosis-inducing factor. These events were all prevented if cells were pretreated with the potent iron chelator DFO (desferrioxamine) for a period of time (2-3 h) long enough to allow the drug to reach the lysosomal compartment following fluid-phase endocytosis. The hydrophilic calcein, a cleavage product of calcein acetoxymethyl ester following the action of cytosolic esterases, obviously does not penetrate intact lysosomal membranes, thus explaining why ICIP increased dramatically following lysosomal rupture. The rapid decrease in ICIP after addition of DFO to the medium suggests draining of cytosolic iron to the medium, rather than penetration of DFO through the plasma membrane. Most importantly, these observations directly connect oxidative stress and resultant DNA damage with lysosomal rupture and the release of redox-active iron into the cytosol and, apparently, the nucleus.
Differential consumption of baits by pest blattid and blattellid cockroaches and resulting direct and secondary effects (2012)

Abstract Consumption was measured of three commercially available cockroach gel baits (0.01 and 0.05% fipronil and 0.6% indoxacarb) by two pest blattellid ( G erman cockroach, B lattella germanica L ., and brownbanded cockroach, S upella longipalpa F abricius) and three pest blattid [oriental cockroach, B latta orientalis L ., A merican cockroach, P eriplaneta americana L ., and smokybrown cockroach, P eriplaneta fuliginosa ( S erville)] species ( D ictyoptera), and direct and secondary effects were quantified. All three baits were greatly preferred for consumption over dog food; however, virtually all consumption (ca. 98%) by pest blattids was gel baits containing sugar feeding stimulants and water. Pest blattid greater preference for gel baits was probably due to their greater need for nutrients in baits due to their greater cuticular water permeability and higher metabolism than the pest blattellids. Brownbanded cockroaches had lowest percentage gel bait selection. Pest blattellids consumed greater amounts of bait per g body weight than pest blattids. Cockroaches consumed more active ingredient than needed to cause mortality; however, based on bait consumption, a 30‐g tube of gel bait potentially killed from 394 to 6 966 adult cockroaches, depending on species. Mortality for all cockroach species was faster for adults (≥3 days) than for nymphs (≥7 days); however, most brownbanded cockroaches exposed to indoxacarb survived despite consuming 1.5‐ to &gt;3‐fold more than other baits, suggesting low enzyme production by brownbanded cockroaches and consequently lower conversion of indoxacarb into its toxic form. Besides direct mortality, German cockroaches died from indirect effects: exposure to debris from other cockroaches that had direct access to the gel baits or bait contact without ingestion. Although maximization of bait consumption is important, factors that enhance secondary mortality and contact toxicity should also be considered.
Emulating long-term synaptic dynamics with memristive devices (2015)

The potential of memristive devices is often seeing in implementing neuromorphic architectures for achieving brain-like computation. However, the designing procedures do not allow for extended manipulation of the material, unlike CMOS technology, the properties of the memristive material should be harnessed in the context of such computation, under the view that biological synapses are memristors. Here we demonstrate that single solid-state TiO2 memristors can exhibit associative plasticity phenomena observed in biological cortical synapses, and are captured by a phenomenological plasticity model called triplet rule. This rule comprises of a spike-timing dependent plasticity regime and a classical hebbian associative regime, and is compatible with a large amount of electrophysiology data. Via a set of experiments with our artificial, memristive, synapses we show that, contrary to conventional uses of solid-state memory, the co-existence of field- and thermally-driven switching mechanisms that could render bipolar and/or unipolar programming modes is a salient feature for capturing long-term potentiation and depression synaptic dynamics. We further demonstrate that the non-linear accumulating nature of memristors promotes long-term potentiating or depressing memory transitions.
Heavy ion testing at the galactic cosmic ray energy peak (2009)

A 1 GeV/u <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">56</sup> Fe ion beam allows for true 90° tilt irradiations of various microelectronic components and reveals relevant upset trends for an abundant element at the GCR flux energy peak.
Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Taxol. (1997)

Asymmetric total syntheses of Taxol and of 8-demethyltaxoids 24-27 from the 8-membered ring compounds 29 and 12 respectively were completed via successive formation of the BC ring system by intramolecular aldol reaction, then the ABC ring system utilizing an intramolecular pinacol cyclization. The conversion of the tricyclic compound 43 to 7-TES baccatin III (49) was carried out by way of a newly devised method of constructing the oxetane ring. The dehydration condensation between a derivative of N- benzoylphenylisoserine and 49, followed by deprotection afforded the antitumor agent Taxol.
3‐1: Invited Paper: Super Bright 8K LCD with 10,000 nit Realized by Excellent Light‐Resistance Characteristics of IGZO TFT Backplane (2020)

A 31.5″ 8K LCD with 10,000 nit peak luminance, based on the Perceptual Quantization format in the ITU‐R Recommendation BT2100, has been developed with local dimming driving to perceive a high dynamic range in bright ambient environments. Good and uniform image quality has been confirmed due to excellent light‐resistance characteristics of IGZO TFT.
Yet another tuning fork gyroscope (2015)

This paper reports on the development of a micromechanical vibrating mass tuning fork gyroscope with coupled drive and sense modes. The mechanical structure has been designed to have a first anti-phase drive mode and a second anti-phase sense mode. The frequencies of all other modal modes are higher. The micromechanical structure is fabricated with a cavity SOI technology called BDRIE [1]. The analog ASIC for very low noise readout (< 50 nV/rtHz) is placed on the MEMS and is connected symmetrically with wire bonds. MEMS and ASIC have been co-designed to best fit physically and electrically to each other.
Robust high-performance nanoliter-volume single-cell multiple displacement amplification on planar substrates (2016)

The genomes of large numbers of single cells must be sequenced to further understanding of the biological significance of genomic heterogeneity in complex systems. Whole genome amplification (WGA) of single cells is generally the first step in such studies, but is prone to nonuniformity that can compromise genomic measurement accuracy. Despite recent advances, robust performance in high-throughput single-cell WGA remains elusive. Here, we introduce droplet multiple displacement amplification (MDA), a method that uses commercially available liquid dispensing to perform high-throughput single-cell MDA in nanoliter volumes. The performance of droplet MDA is characterized using a large dataset of 129 normal diploid cells, and is shown to exceed previously reported single-cell WGA methods in amplification uniformity, genome coverage, and/or robustness. We achieve up to 80% coverage of a single-cell genome at 5× sequencing depth, and demonstrate excellent single-nucleotide variant (SNV) detection using targeted sequencing of droplet MDA product to achieve a median allelic dropout of 15%, and using whole genome sequencing to achieve false and true positive rates of 9.66 × 10(-6) and 68.8%, respectively, in a G1-phase cell. We further show that droplet MDA allows for the detection of copy number variants (CNVs) as small as 30 kb in single cells of an ovarian cancer cell line and as small as 9 Mb in two high-grade serous ovarian cancer samples using only 0.02× depth. Droplet MDA provides an accessible and scalable method for performing robust and accurate CNV and SNV measurements on large numbers of single cells.
o-Trifluoromethylacetophenone (2005)

[17408-14-9] C9H7F3O (MW 188.15) InChI = 1S/C9H7F3O/c1-6(13)7-4-2-3-5-8(7)9(10,11)12/h2-5H,1H3 InChIKey = FYDUUODXZQITBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (building block for the preparation of trifluoromethyl aromatic derivatives) Physical Data: white solid, mp 15–17 °C; bp 163–165 °C; fp 84 °C; nD 1.4584. Solubility: soluble in most organic solvents. Form Supplied in: available commercially. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: may be harmful by inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption. Causes skin irritation and vapours harmful to eyes.
Compact Heat Transfer Technology for Passive Thermal Management. (2020)

Abstract not provided.
Evidence for a pivotal role of platelets in vascular reocclusion and restenosis (1996)

Reocclusion and restenosis continue to be the major clinical complications following emergency and elective coronary interventions. Reocclusion ultimately occurs in more than 25% of patients after successful thrombolysis for acute myocardial infarction [l] and may have major adverse consequences, ranging from mortality to compromised cardiac function. After percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), the risk associated with acute occlusion leading to myocardial infarction, emergency repeat PTCA, or coronary bypass surgery, may occur in up to 8% of patients [2]. Even more frequent and to date resistant to therapy is the possibility of restenosis, which occurs in 30-40% of patients after PTCA and requires an additional percutaneous intervention or bypass operation within the following year. Substantial evidence directly implicates platelets in reocclusion and restenosis. In fact, current clinical data suggest that platelets represent the most beneficial therapeutic target to reduce the risk of reocclusion and restenosis. In line with this “controversy series” thrombin is being considered the alternative to platelets in the pathogenesis of vascular reocclusion and restenosis. By virtue of its capacity to mediate fibrin formation, platelet activation and cellular migration and proliferation, thrombin undoubtedly is an important player in reocclusion and restenosis. Nevertheless, thrombin inhibitors have yet to match the dramatic effects of platelet antagonists in patients.
Lightly doped n-type tensile-strained single-crystalline GeSn-on-insulator structures formed by lateral liquid-phase crystallization (2017)

A tensile-strained single-crystalline n-type GeSn-on-insulator structure was demonstrated by lateral liquid-phase crystallization of an Sb-doped GeSn layer, and the diffusion and activation behaviors of Sb atoms in a liquid-phase-grown GeSn wire were investigated. A photoluminescence-based study revealed that a substantial amount of Sb was swept out during the liquid-phase growth of the GeSn wire. A thin-film transistor based on an Sb-doped GeSn wire on a quartz substrate exhibited n-channel accumulation-mode operation, and the temperature dependence of field-effect mobility revealed that the single-crystalline GeSn wire is a lightly doped n-type (∼1017 cm−3). The combination of Sb-doped n-type and undoped p-type GeSn wires would be an ideal platform for GeSn-based optoelectronic integration.
Síntesis asimétrica de compuestos farmacológicamente activos mediante el uso de alilaciones asimétricas y metástasis ciclante (2006)

The objective of this Ph.D. Thesis is the synthesis of several natural lactones that can be classified into three groups, according to their ring size: small-sized (hyptolide, synargentolide A and passifloricin A), medium-sized (microcarpalide and lethaloxin) and large-sized (FD-891). Furthermore, gustastatin has been synthesized by means of photochemical esterification, showing the increasing utility of this new methodology developed by De Brabander and co. All the procedures have been carried out with high enantio and regioselectivities employing a wide range of the newest asymmetric methodologies. In this way, the main targets that have been achieved are: (a) the initial structure, elucidated by means of spectroscopic and physical data (hyptolide, microcarpalide, gustastatin and FD-891) has been checked; (b) the initial connectivity in synargentolide A has been proved to be wrong, and it has been corrected in the case of passifloricin A; (c) previous contradictions in lethaloxin have been clarified. At the same time, several non-natural isomers thereof have also been synthesized by means of minor modifications in the initial synthesis pathway. These non-natural derivatives may be potentially useful for structure-activity studies. These have already provided successfully results in some cases and areunder development in other ones.
Intraocular pressure modulation by neuropeptides ‐ the effect of vasopressin (2014)

Abstract Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is a major risk factor for glaucoma. Currently, the primary strategy to slow down glaucoma progression is IOP reduction. Numerous studies investigated the IOP lowering effects of neuropeptides, but the complex physiological mechanisms involved are difficult to interpret. Therefore, we investigated the effect of arginine‐vasopressin (AVP) on IOP in a multiparameter approach. In a rabbit model the effect of i.v.‐applied AVP on IOP, ciliary blood flow (CilBF) and aqueous flow (AqF) was measured simultaneously by manometry, laser‐Doppler flowmetry and fluorophotometry. AVP caused a dose‐dependent decrease of IOP, CilBF and AqF. Based on the Goldmann equation the decrease of AqF at 0.08 ng/kg/min AVP (low dose) accounted for 77.1% of the IOP reduction (9.56±2.35%), while AqF at 1.33 ng/kg/min AVP (high dose) accounted for 28.4% of the IOP decline (41.02±3.19%). The results indicate that AqF reduction by low dose AVP is mainly caused by inhibition of ciliary epithelium secretion. At high dose AVP AqF reduction is caused by decreased CilBF or more likely by a combination of CilBF decline and secretory inhibition. This conclusion is only possible with the multiparameter measurement approach presented.
Supplementary Figures from Targeting KDM2A Enhances T-cell Infiltration in NSD1-Deficient Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental figures&lt;/p&gt;
Ileal Gene Expression Data from Crohn’s Disease Small Bowel Resections Indicate Distinct Clinical Subgroups (2019)

We characterized a subset of severe, refractory CD patients who may need more aggressive treatment after first resection and who are likely to benefit from targeted therapy based on their genotype and tissue gene expression signature.
AFIRM: Moving Regenerative Medicine onto the Battlefield (2008)

Dr Anthony Atala is Director of the Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine at the Wake Forest University School of Medicine. His research is focused on cell, tissue and organ regeneration. Dr Atala was named by Scientific American as a Medical Treatments Leader of the Year for his contributions to the field of regenerative medicine. He is the editor of six books and has published more than 200 journal articles or book chapters and more than 250 abstracts, and has applied for or received over 150 national and international patents. Recently, Dr Atala has been appointed co-Director of the Armed Forces Institute for Regenerative Medicine (AFIRM). AFIRM was launched by the Department of Defense to develop clinical therapies using regenerative medicine to treat battlefield injuries. AFIRM will be a virtual organization including more than 20 academic and commercial entities, which will receive a total of $250 million in funding over the next 5 years. The institute is divided into two consortia, one led by Wake Forest University and the University of Pittsburgh, and one by Rutgers University and the Cleveland Clinic.
Accuracy of backscatter coefficient estimation in aberrating media using different phase aberration correction strategies - A simulation study (2014)

Phase aberration is the distortion of the diffraction pattern when a wave propagates in a medium with an inhomogeneous sound speed. In this study, the accuracy of the estimation of backscatter coefficients (BSCs) in the presence of near-field phase aberrations was studied through simulations. Further, the accuracy was also evaluated when using two different phase aberration correction strategies prior to BSC estimation. Simulations were performed using the FIELD II software for pulsed ultrasound field calculation. The simulation utilized a 45 element, 3.5 MHz linear array with 70% bandwidth. The imaging medium consisted of randomly positioned circular scatterers having a diameter of 176 microns. Near field phase aberrators were applied to the transmit and receive signals of the simulation having 50, 75, and 100 ns RMS strength and a 3 mm correlation length. Phase aberrations were estimated using a multi-lag least squares estimation technique. BSCs were estimated using the reference phantom method and radiofrequency data segments with a length of 14 wavelengths and centered around the transducer transmit focus. BSC estimation accuracy was quantified using the average difference in dB between the theoretical and estimated curves within the −10 dB bandwidth of the transducer. The mean BSC estimation errors were −9.31, −12.82 and −15.58 dB in the presence of the 50, 75 and 100 ns aberrators, respectively. The use of aberration correction on receive was inadequate for the BSC accuracy for all three cases. The estimation errors for the 50 ns, 75 ns and 100 ns aberrators were −7.24, −12.66 dB and −14.68 dB, respectively. In contrast, the use of aberration correction on transmit-receive allowed an accurate BSC estimation, with estimation errors lower than 0.7 dB for the first two cases. These results suggest that phase aberration effects may adversely influence the performance of BSC estimation, and that a robust BSC-based tissue characterization may require compensating for the effects of aberration on both transmit and receive beams.
MoS<inf>2</inf> FET fabrication and modeling for large-scale flexible electronics (2015)

We present a state-of-the-art fabrication technology and physics-based model for molybdenum disulfide (MoS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) field effect transistors (FETs) to realize large-scale circuits. Uniform and large area chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of monolayer MoS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> was achieved by using perylene-3,4,9, 10-tetracarboxylic acid tetrapotassium salt (PTAS) seeding. Then, a gate first process results in enhancement mode FETs and also reduces performance variation and enables better process control. In addition, a Verilog-A compact model precisely predicts the performance of the fabricated MoS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> FETs and eases the large-scale integrated design. By using this technology, a switched capacitor DC-DC converter is implemented, and the measurement of the converter shows good agreement with the simulations.