gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
COOPERATIVE ADAPTIVE CRUISE CONTROL FOR IMPROVED MOBILITY AND SAFETY (2004)

Conventional Cruise Control (CCC) systems are present on most production vehicles today that simply hold a vehicle at a preset speed. This relieves the driver of this task, making the overall driving task easier, more enjoyable and less fatiguing. However, CCC systems are only useful for holding steady speeds and when the appropriate vehicle speed is not influenced by the actions of other vehicles. Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) normally acts like a CCC, but has sensors that detect the range and relative speed of a vehicle ahead, matching speed with that vehicle when necessary. Generally the places where CCC and ACC do not work are the most challenging and dangerous driving situations where drivers have several tasks to manage at the same time. This is both unpleasant for the driver and dangerous. Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) systems address this limitation by using vehicle computers and digital vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication to hold a vehicle speed determined through a cooperative process between a vehicle and its neighbors. Experimental CACC systems have been simulated and implemented for automated highways for the support of platoons. This report discusses a CACC implemented as an emulator and installed as a user defined driver model in the traffic micro-simulation code VISSIM. The CACC emulator is designed to take over vehicle speed control when the vehicle enters a critical zone, which in this case is either a weave or a merge zone. VISSIM simulates a roadway with traffic and measures mobility and traffic density through the critical zone. Mobility of vehicles under control of the CACC emulator is compared with the mobility of vehicles under the control of VISSIM's driver model to demonstrate the effect of the CACC emulator on mobility. VISSIM is also used to record headway time through the critical zone as a measure of safety and following stability.
Multicore Multimode Fiber-A New Type of Fiber Using Coupled-Core Structures (2020)

A new type of multimode fiber, multicore multimode fiber (MCMMF), which uses coupled multicore structure is proposed. The fiber has a large number of single mode cores with optimized coupling to achieve high bandwidth. A theoretical model for analyzing the MCMMF is developed. The effect of fiber parameters, such as index contrast, core radius, and core spacing on the bandwidth is systematically studied. Numerical simulations show that the bandwidth of a MCMMF can be optimized by choosing correct ratio of core spacing to core radius for a given profile design. In addition, mode coupling among the super-modes can further increase the bandwidth due to the small spacing in effective indices in coupled core structures. A MCMMF with 165 cores is fabricated. High bandwidth of 8.4 GHz·km in the 850 nm window is achieved. Using this fiber and a VCSEL-based 25 Gb/s SR transceiver, error free transmission though 150 m fiber is demonstrated.
Monitoring e-business Web services usage through a log based architecture (2004)

The emergence of Web services represents a significant advance in the continuing evolution of e-business. In order to fully explore business opportunities provided by this paradigm, it is important to track its utilization. This can be done through the use of logging facilities. However, current Web logging approaches do not contemplate Web services utilization. This paper presents a Web services logging architecture based on SOAP intermediaries that captures comprehensive services usage information, which can be explored to improve B2B and B2C transactions by providing feedback on customer electronic behavior.
Polyamine blockade promotes antitumor immunity (2014)

The levels of polyamines are elevated in neoplastic lesions as compared with normal tissues, and cancer cells tend to manifest a robust dependence on these compounds for proliferation and survival. We have recently demonstrated that a novel approach to polyamine depletion suppresses tumor growth in a T cell-dependent manner, highlighting a poorly appreciated role of polyamines as strong modulators of antitumor immune responses.
Electron, Proton, and Ultraviolet Radiation Effects on Thermophysical Properties of Polymeric Films (2002)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
A pre-log region for the non-coherent MIMO two-way relaying channel (2013)

We study the two-user MIMO block fading two-way relay channel in the non-coherent setting, where neither the terminals nor the relay have knowledge of the channel realizations. We analyze the achievable sum-rate when the users employ independent, isotropically distributed, unitary input signals, with amplify-and-forward (AF) strategy at the relay node. As a byproduct, we present an achievable pre-log region of the AF scheme, defined as the limiting ratio of the rate region to the logarithm of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as the SNR tends to infinity. We compare the performance with time-division-multiple-access (TDMA) schemes, both coherent and non-coherent. The analysis is supported by a geometric interpretation, based on the paradigm of subspace-based communication.
A Triosmium Cluster Complex with a Carbene Ligand in an Unusual Coordination Mode (1994)

The face-capping carbene ligand displays a chairlike conformation and unusual side-on bonding in the triosmium cluster 1. This air-stable compound reacts in the presence of Lewis bases with atmospheric oxygen to form 2, in which the cyclohexadienone ligand is coordinated in a new mode to the Os3 framework.
Tuning the Temporal Characteristics of a Kalman-Filter Method for End-to-End Bandwidth Estimation (2006)

In this paper we present a way of tuning the temporal characteristics of a new available-bandwidth estimation method, BART. The estimation engine in this method is Kalman-filter based. A current estimate of the available bandwidth is maintained, and for each new sequence of probe packet pairs an updated estimate is produced. The main input parameters needed by the Kalman filter are the variance of the measurement noise and the covariance of the process noise. The former is measured by the method, whereas the latter is not in general attainable by analytical or empirical investigation. Instead, it is reasonable to treat this as a tunable parameter. We discuss how the temporal characteristics of the tracking of end-to-end available bandwidth may be tuned.
Infecções abortivas em cultura de células pelo vírus da poliedrose nuclear como sistemas-modelo para especificidade do hospedeiro (1992)

Descreve-se a proliferacao do virus e o efeito citopatico numa infeccao abortiva que envolve o virus de poliedrose nuclear de Autographa californica (AcMNPV) e uma linhagem de Bombyx mori . Os resultados indicam que o AcMNPV acarreta efeitos citopaticos (CPE) complexos e raros nas calulas do B. mori . Tal fato envolve a formacao de sacos e protrusoes, alem da hipertrofia e arredondamento do nucleo, normalmente observados em infeccoes produtivas. A infeccao de celulas de B. mori com AcMNPV inativado por raios ultravioleta induz a formacao somente de sacos, o que indica que a expressao genica virial nao e necessaria para este efeito. Nas celulas de B. mori nenhum virus infeccioso e produzido. A microscopia eletronica mostra que somente o estroma virogenico e formado nas celulas de B. mori e nao os virions ou PIBs (corpos de inclusao poliedricos). Detectam-se nucleocapsideos em 20% de celulas infectadas, porem estes sao defectivos. Os resultados sugerem que um componente virial de virus de poliedrose nuclear (NPV) causa efeito citopatico. Este principio tem importantes implicacoes na identificacao de genes virais visando a producao de plantas transgenicas resistentes a insetos-praga.
Intracellular CD22 rapidly moves to the cell surface in a tyrosine kinase-dependent manner following antigen receptor stimulation (1996)

CD22 is a key accessory molecule for Ag receptor signaling in B cells that becomes tyrosine phosphorylated in the signaling process. CD22 associates with sIg and strongly amplifies sIg-induced signals. During B cell development, CD22 is initially expressed intracellularly, with surface expression appearing with IgD expression. We used confocal laser-scanning microscopy and flow cytometry to analyze CD22 translocation responses to signaling events. Cross-linking surface IgM (sIgM) induced rapid movement of CD22 to the cell surface in both Ramos and Daudi B cells, with a 50 to 100% increase in surface expression observed within 5 min of stimulation. The increase in CD22 surface expression was specific in that CD19 expression was not affected. Both cell surface and intracellular CD22 were directed toward the site of sIgM stimulation. Treatment with the phosphotyrosine phosphatase inhibitor bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV) also increased CD22 surface expression. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor tyrphostin A10 inhibited CD22 movement at concentrations that inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation of CD22 and other cellular proteins. In contrast to the B cell lines, mature peripheral blood B cells contained very little intracellular CD22 and showed no significant increase in surface expression following sIgM stimulation. The rapid directed movement of intracellular CD22 provides a new mechanism to dynamically regulate Ag receptor signaling, as well as CD22-mediated adhesion.
Expression of Human and Murine Interleukin-5 in Eukaryotic Systems (1989)

A cDNA coding for murine interleukin-5 (IL-5) was isolated from the EL4.ExC5 cell line. With the exception of a single amino acid substitution at position 79 (Arg----His), it is identical to a published sequence. The coding sequence for human IL-5 was synthesized chemically, allowing the introduction of strategically located restriction enzyme cleavage sites. Both cDNAs were expressed in various eukaryotic systems. Deletion of the 3' untranslated region of the murine IL-5 gene led to a 5- to 10-fold increase in expression in Xenopus laevis oocytes and in NIH-3T3 cells. The highest production, however, was obtained in Sf9 cells using a baculovirus vector. Human IL-5 was obtained from transformed Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a secreted, mature form using an in-frame fusion to the leader sequence of alpha-mating type factor, and was purified to homogeneity. In all cases mentioned, IL-5 was found to be glycosylated, and its biological activity was dependent on a 40- to 50-kD homodimer configuration, linked together by disulfide bridges. Deglycosylation did not affect the biological activity. Recombinant human IL-5 is biologically active on some human B-CLL cells (proliferation in the presence of IL-2) and on murine BCl1 cells (proliferation) at a low specific activity (about 1-2 x 10(3) U/mg) and on human eosinophils (eosinophil peroxidase assay) at a high specific activity (at least 5 x 10(6) U/mg). Recombinant murine IL-5 from Sf9 cells has a specific activity of 1-2 x 10(7) U/mg in the BCl1 proliferation assay. An additive effect is seen in the presence of murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and a synergistic effect in the presence of murine IL-4.
A929. MOTION TRACKING USING MINIATURE WIRELESS MEMS INERTIAL MOTION SENSING UNIT (2011)

Body motion tracking for kinematic study is typically done with optical sensors. The user wears markers and the cameras track them to compute the transformation of the motion frame by frame. This method requires a set up of multiple motion capturing cameras and it can only be done within the specific area. The goal of this project is to create a tracking unit that does not require expensive overhead and can be done in any location. The advancement in micro-machined microelectromechanical system (MEMS) sensors such as accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometers can be used for human motion tracking. The unit is attached to a body segment or an external housing unit such as a knee brace. The orientation of the unit can be calculated based on the data from all 3 of the sensors. A complementary filter is used to fuse the data together to generate a single Euler angle matrix. Relative motion between the joint can be calculated from the output of 2 of the measuring units. The sensors are calibrated with an average static orientation error of +/−0.7 degree and standard deviation of 1.8 degrees. The dynamic orientation error of rotating around a single axis is 2.38, 0.15 and 0.517 degrees with standard deviation of 0.99, 0.98 and 0.7 degree for roll, pitch and yaw respectively. The initial design shows good result for human body motion tracking. The performance of the unit can be further improved with optimizing the filter and using the data from different type of the sensors to compensate each other.
Preclinical studies with Fc(gamma)R bispecific antibodies and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-primed neutrophils as effector cells against HER-2/neu overexpressing breast cancer. (1997)

Immunotherapies directed to the proto-oncogene product HER-2/neu, which is overexpressed on a subset of breast and other carcinomas, currently receive considerable attention. We have investigated cell-mediated effector mechanisms of HER-2/neu antibodies against breast cancer cell lines. Compared to unfractionated control blood, whole blood from patients during granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatment exhibits significantly enhanced lysis (P < 0.001) of SK-BR-3 cells in the presence of HER-2/neu antibody 520C9. The extent of tumor cell killing correlated positively (r = 0.74) to polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) blood counts. Fractionation of whole blood into plasma, mononuclear cells, and PMNs showed major killing capacity to reside in the granulocyte fraction. PMNs were efficiently cytolytic with a panel of HER-2/neu antibodies and against various breast cancer cell lines. Experiments with blocking antibodies to Fc(gamma)R documented Fc(gamma)RII (CD32) as the major trigger molecule for monoclonal antibody 502C9-mediated cytotoxicity. Killing via 520C9 was significantly influenced by an allotypic polymorphism of Fc(gamma)RIIa, the CD32 molecule expressed on PMNs. In reverse antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity experiments with a panel of HER-2/neu-directed bispecific antibodies, Fc(gamma)RIII (CD16) proved to be an efficient trigger molecule in blood from healthy volunteers. During G-CSF treatment, however, Fc(gamma)RI (CD64)-expressed on monocytes and G-CSF primed, but not on healthy donor PMNs-became the predominant cytotoxic trigger molecule. Thus, G-CSF application increased effector cell numbers for HER-2/neu-directed immunotherapy, and G-CSF primed PMNs proved particularly effective with a [HER-2/neu x Fc(gamma)RI] bispecific antibody. These findings support clinical trials with HER-2/neu-directed antibodies in combination with G-CSF in breast cancer patients overexpressing HER-2/neu.
Fact-based question decomposition for candidate answer re-ranking (2011)

Factoid questions often contain one or more assertions (facts) about their answers. However, existing question-answering (QA) systems have not investigated how the multiple facts may be leveraged to enhance system performance. We argue that decomposing complex factoid questions can benefit QA, as an answer candidate is more likely to be correct if multiple independent facts support it. We categorize decomposable questions as parallel or nested, depending on processing strategy required. We present a novel decomposition framework---for parallel and nested questions---which can be overlaid on top of traditional QA systems. It contains decomposition rules for identifying fact sub-questions, a question-rewriting component and a candidate re-ranker. In a particularly challenging domain for our baseline QA system, our framework shows a statistically significant improvement in end-to-end QA performance.
Essential Role of Placenta Derived Interferon Stimulated Gene 20 Against ZIKA Virus Infection (2021)

Abstract Zika virus is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus, which can be transmitted across the placenta and leads to adverse effects on fetal development during pregnancy. The severity of these complications highlights the importance of prevention and treatment. However, no vaccines or drugs are currently available. In this study, we characterized the IFNβ-mediated antiviral response in trophoblast cells in order to identify critical components that are necessary for the successful control of viral replication; and determined whether we could use the components of the IFN-induced response as a replacement therapy for ZIKA viral infection during pregnancy. We identified and characterized interferon stimulated gene 20 (ISG20), playing a central role in controlling Zika infection in trophoblast cells, and successfully established a recombinant ISG20-Fc protein that effectively decrease viral titers in vitro and in vivo by maintaining its exonuclease activity and displaying immune modulatory functions. Therefore, rISG20-Fc is a promising anti-viral/immune modulatory approach for the control and prevention of RNA viral infections such as ZIKA virus.
Control of acetate production rate in Escherichia coli by regulating expression of single-copy pta using lacI(Q) in multicopy plasmid. (2008)

A tightly regulated gene expression system composed of a single-copy target gene under the control of a lac promoter derivative and lacI gene in a multicopy plasmid is proposed, and its ability to control the flux of a metabolic pathway is demonstrated. A model system to control the flux of acetyl-CoA to acetyl phosphate was constructed by integrating pta, a gene encoding phosphotransacetylase, under a tac promoter into the chromosome of E. coli with a pta-negative background and transforming a multicopy plasmid containing the lac iota(Q) gene into the strain. The production rate of acetate was shown to be tightly controlled when varying the concentration of the inducer (IPTG) in the model system.
Thermochemistry and Reaction Barriers for the Formation of Levoglucosenone from Cellobiose (2011)

Cellobiose jumps the barrier: High-level quantum mechanical studies show that the ether bond cleavage in cellobiose occurs through internal hydrogen transfer in the gas phase and that the activation energy required is similar to that required for activating cellulose. The reaction barriers are computed for various pathways for the formation of levoglucosenone from levoglucosan, and the most likely pathway requires a relatively low activation barrier compared to that for the activation of cellobiose.
Highly localized divergence within supergenes in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) within the Gulf of Maine (2017)

Differentiation between SNPs in linkage disequilibrium blocks is the major signal of genetic differentiation between all groups tested within the Gulf of Maine. Our data provide a map of genes contained in these blocks, allowing an enhanced search for neutral genetic structure for demographic inference and fisheries modeling. Patterns of selection and the history of populations may be possible to identify in cod using this description of linkage disequilibrium blocks and future data sets to robustly separate neutral and selected genetic markers.
Thermal infrared plasmonics (2011)

We examine a new class of infrared (IR) plasmonic devices that convert thermal radiation into bound surface plasmon polaritons (SPP's). The coupling of these SPP's into nanometer scale metal insulator metal (MIM) channels is investigated both theoretically and experimentally. A new mechanism for detection of the IR radiation is examined that is based on direct rectification of a traveling MIM surface plasmon mode.
<title>Solid immersion lens for optical storage</title> (1995)

Some time ago we described a new type of near-field imaging system using the solid immersion lens. In this paper we shall discuss how this type of lens can be employed in optical storage systems to increase the bit density, along with the research that has been carried out at Stanford in cooperation with Sony Corporation and IBM, Almaden to reach this goal. 12 ()j aimis to work with both CD ROMs and magneto-optical storage.
Molecular Modeling Studies on the Human Neuropeptide S Receptor and Its Antagonists (2010)

Neuropeptide S (NPS) is a 20-residue peptide of great interest due to its potential involvement in several biological processes such as arousal, anxiety, and food intake. The NPS receptor belongs to the rhodopsin-like G-protein-coupled receptor superfamily, and several polymorphisms and isoforms of this receptor are associated with asthma, allergies, and bronchial hyper-responsiveness, in particular the Asn 107 Ile mutation. Limited structural information is available for this peptide-receptor system, particularly regarding the NPS receptor structure, its nonpeptide ligands, and the molecular aspects of agonist and antagonist binding processes. In this work, rhodopsin-based homology models of the NPS receptor and its Asn 107 Ile variant were built and refined in a membrane bilayer model, and binding modes for nonpeptide antagonists were simulated. This study provides the first structural study of the human NPS receptor, and the results provide a starting point for further characterization of the binding modes of its antagonists, and for the rational design of new NPS receptor ligands.
Spectrally-efficient Elastic Optical Path Networks Toward 1 Tbps Era (2012)

We present spectrally-efficient elastic optical path networks for the 400 Gbps and 1 Tbps era. They enable rate/distance-adaptive spectrum allocation in a highly spectrum-efficient manner, and IP traffic offloading to an elastic optical layer.
Demonstration of UAV Based GPS Jammer Localization During a Live Interference Exercise (2016)

To assist in the mitigation of the effects posed by Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) jammers, this paper demonstrates the use of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) capable of autonomously localizing the source of Global Positioning System (GPS) jamming in a live jamming exercise hosted by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). Developing an autonomous UAV for jammer localization in a real-world environment needs to address three main challenges: accurate measurements of the jamming signal, rapid localization steps and reliable navigation in the presence of interference. Our system, Jammer Acquisition with GPS Exploration and Reconnaissance (JAGER), has been developed to address those main challenges for rapid localization and has been previously tested with localizing Wi-Fi signals. This paper outlines the modifications to JAGER required to be able to move from localizing Wi-Fi sources to localizing GPS jammers. Modifications include new sensing equipment for determining the bearing to the jammer and additional navigation systems to fly while the jammer is active. The main goal for the testing was to demonstrate the feasibility of JAGER to localize a GPS jammer at realistic distances and the performance of several different localization methods. The second goal was to explore possible GPS-denied navigation solutions.