gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reconstructing grasping motions from high-frequency local field potentials in primary motor cortex (2010)

Recent developments in neural interface systems hold the promise to restore movement in people with paralysis. In search of neural signals for control of neural interface systems, previous studies have investigated primarily single and multiunit activity, as well as low frequency local field potentials (LFPs). In this paper, we investigate the information content about grasping motion of a broad band high frequency LFP (200 Hz - 400 Hz) by classifying discrete grasp aperture states and decoding continuous aperture trajectories. LFPs were recorded via 96-microelectrode arrays in the primary motor cortex (M1) of two monkeys performing free 3-D reaching and grasping towards moving objects. Our results indicate that broad band high frequency LFPs could serve as useful signals for restoring a motor function such as grasp control.
Deep tissue volume imaging of birefringence through fibre-optic needle probes for the delineation of breast tumour (2016)

Identifying tumour margins during breast-conserving surgeries is a persistent challenge. We have previously developed miniature needle probes that could enable intraoperative volume imaging with optical coherence tomography. In many situations, however, scattering contrast alone is insufficient to clearly identify and delineate malignant regions. Additional polarization-sensitive measurements provide the means to assess birefringence, which is elevated in oriented collagen fibres and may offer an intrinsic biomarker to differentiate tumour from benign tissue. Here, we performed polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography through miniature imaging needles and developed an algorithm to efficiently reconstruct images of the depth-resolved tissue birefringence free of artefacts. First ex vivo imaging of breast tumour samples revealed excellent contrast between lowly birefringent malignant regions, and stromal tissue, which is rich in oriented collagen and exhibits higher birefringence, as confirmed with co-located histology. The ability to clearly differentiate between tumour and uninvolved stroma based on intrinsic contrast could prove decisive for the intraoperative assessment of tumour margins.
Navigating the Dentin Bond Strength Testing Highway: Lessons and Recommendations (2009)

Dentin bond strength testing remains a subject of high interest based on the prevalence of studies reported in the dental literature. But making general conclusions about materials or methods by comparing results from different studies can be a dubious proposition due to the many variables involved in testing. Though guidelines exist for bond testing, they unfortunately are not always followed by all researchers. This three-part manuscript was written to help navigate the prolific literature in this field of study. In the first part, the most popular testing modes are described by providing an analysis of their loading mechanics and stress distributions. In the second part, a review of the test variables that may influence outcomes of bond strength testing are presented for the different test methods, and the extent to which each affects the results is discussed. Data collected from thirty studies published within the past five years for one specific adhesive are used to emphasize the nature and extent of these effects. In the third part, studies that included specific brands of resin dentin bonding agents that represent the current most popular types are reviewed in an attempt to make general statements about how the brands compare to one another within the different test methods. While it is difficult at this time to provide a simple consensus opinion about how bond strength testing should be conducted, this paper attempts to clarify some of the important issues in this popular, but complex, field.
Transformed Phenotype of Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Lines Derived from K14E7 Fancd2-/- mice (2015)

Abstract To determine whether cytokeratin 14 promoter linked expression of the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) oncogene detectably influenced biologic parameters of cell phenotypes other than squamous epithelium, continuous bone marrow cultures were derived from K14E7 Fancd2-/- mice (Park, et al., Cancer Research, 70(23): 9959-9968, 2010). Long-term bone marrow cultures derived from K14E7 Fancd2-/-, control Fancd2-/- (129/Sv), K14E7 (FVB/N), and wild type 129/Sv X FVB/N F1 mice were evaluated for longevity of hematopoiesis in long-term cultures and stromal cell lines were derived from each. Similar to Fancd2-/- mouse, long-term marrow cultures, K14E7 Fancd2-/- marrow cultures demonstrated decreased longevity of hematopoiesis with cessation of production of multi-lineage colony forming progenitor cells after 14 weeks. In contrast, wild type F1 and K14E7 long-term marrow cultures continued to produce hematopoietic cells for a significantly longer duration 25 weeks (p=0.0257). Bone marrow stromal and IL-3 dependent hematopoietic cell lines were derived from each genotype marrow culture. K14E7 Fancd2-/- hematopoietic cells showed reversal of the radiation resistance of Fancd2-/- IL-3 dependent cell lines (D0 of 1.34 ± 0.197Gy, ñ 4.0 ± 0.9 compared to D02.213 ± 0.124 Gy (p = 0.0284), ñ 3.3 ± 0.8. Thus, one phenotypic difference associated with K14E7 oncogene expression was reversal of radioresistance of Fancd2-/- hematopoietic cells. In contrast, bone marrow stromal cell lines from K14E7 Fancd2-/- remained radiosensitive similar to those from Fancd2-/- mice. K14E7 and wild type F1 marrow stromal cell lines showed intermediate radioresistance (p= 0.1759). To determine whether the E6/E7 oncogene had a biological effect in tissues other than squamous epithelium, tissue analysis for cytokeratins 13, 14, 6, and 10 was carried out. Cytokeratin 14 was detected only in squamous cells of the esophagus and oral cavity, not in bone marrow. E6/E7 oncogene was detected only in squamous cell lines expressing cytokeratin 14. However, bone marrow stromal cell lines from K14E7 Fancd2-/- marrow cultures demonstrated a unique phenomenon of cellular density, piling up and formation of tumors in vitro. Each of 22 single cell derived clonal sub-lines of K14E7 Fancd2-/- stromal cell lines demonstrated the same transformed phenotype. These data provide support for indirect effects of the E7 oncogene linked to the K14 promoter in Fancd2-/- hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cell tissues. Supported by research grant NIAID/NIH, U19A168021. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Superconducting tunnel phonon pumping device (1992)

The authors present preliminary results of an investigation of a Pb-I-Pb-I-Sn-I-Sn-I-Pb superconducting amplifying tunnel device. It was found experimentally that the I-V characteristic of the Sn-I-Sn-I-Pb detector structure is altered when a DC bias current is supplied to the Pb-I-Pb generator. The device has a voltage gain Gv up to 10 and a current gain Gl ranging from 0.2 to 6. The input and output circuits of this device are well isolated.
Discovery of Tyrosine Kinase 2 (TYK2) Inhibitor (PF-06826647) for the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases (2020)

Tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) is a member of the JAK kinase family that regulates signal transduction downstream of receptors for the IL-23/IL-12 pathways and type I interferon family, where it pairs with JAK2 or JAK1, respectively. On the basis of human genetic and emerging clinical data, a selective TYK2 inhibitor provides an opportunity to treat autoimmune diseases delivering a potentially differentiated clinical profile compared to currently approved JAK inhibitors. The discovery of an ATP-competitive pyrazolopyrazinyl series of TYK2 inhibitors was accomplished through computational and structurally enabled design starting from a known kinase hinge binding motif. With understanding of PK/PD relationships, a target profile balancing TYK2 potency and selectivity over off-target JAK2 was established. Lead optimization involved modulating potency, selectivity, and ADME properties which led to the identification of the clinical candidate PF-06826647 (<b>22</b>).
A prospective evaluation of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol as an antiemetic in patients receiving adriamycin and cytoxan chemotherapy (1981)

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of oral and smoked delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) was performed in eight patients with resected soft tissue sarcomas who received adjuvant Adriamycin and Cytoxan chemotherapy. Each patient served as his own control. Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, in comparison with a placebo, did not significantly reduce the number of vomiting and retching episodes, volume of emesis, degree of nausea, or duration of nausea. In contrast to a previous report where significant antiemetic effects of THC were observed in patients receiving high-dose methotrexate, THC did not effectively reduce emesis induced by Adriamycin and Cytoxan. These findings suggest that the antiemetic properties of THC are effective only against specific chemotherapeutic drugs.
Waiting time jitter in FDDI to SONET payload mapping (1992)

Data are presented on the jitter in FDDI to STS-3c (SONET) payload mapping with dependence on combined offset frequency and desynchroniser bandwidth. At offsets near −64ppm, FDDI payload jitter rises to 1 UI p-p, equalling the existing FDDI physical layer specifications. Changes are suggested to ensure reliable FDDI-SONET interworking.
Outcome of penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis: a nested case-control study (2002)

Management of suspected bacterial meningitis and confirmed meningitis in Canadian children changed in the past decade. Treatment of PNSP meningitis is significantly different from that for PSSP meningitis. These changes have occurred in response to the emergence of PNSP in Canada. Neurologic sequelae remain common after meningitis, but there are no differences between PNSP cases and PSSP cases.
Gait Analysis before and after Total Hip Arthroplasty (2006)

In 132 patients (mean age 61.1 years) with unilateral hip disease who underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA) from March 2003 to July 2004, gait was analyzed preoperatively and six months after unilateral THA. All patients were tested during "free" walking along a 5-m walkway in which a ground reaction force plate (gait scan 8000; Nitta, Inc.) was installed. The assessed parameters were single and double support duration, cadence, gait speed, and differences between the two legs in single support duration.The assessed parameters improved significantly after surgery. There were some patients in whom differences between the two legs in single support duration were still observed at six months. Differences between the two legs in single support duration were correlated with the age and preoperative limb length discrepancy at six months after surgery. Multivariate analysis showed that clinical data associated with differences between the two legs in single support duration was preoperative limb length discrepancy (p=0.001).The results indicate that the preoperative limb length discrepancy affects characterization of the functional restitution of patients after surgery.
The S locus glycoprotein and the S receptor kinase are sufficient for self-pollen rejection in Brassica (2000)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Chemically amplified imaging materials based on electrophilic aromatic substitution: poly[4-(acetoxymethyl)styrene-co-4-hydroxystyrene] (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemically amplified imaging materials based on electrophilic aromatic substitution: poly[4-(acetoxymethyl)styrene-co-4-hydroxystyrene]Jean M. J. Frechet, Stephen Matuszczak, Bernd Reck, Harald D. H. Stover, and C. Grant WillsonCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 8, 1746–1754Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00008a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00008a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views304Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Isolation of Campylobacter spp. from Semen Samples of Commercial Broiler Breeder Roosters (2002)

Pooled semen samples from 12 groups of mature commercial broiler breeder roosters were analyzed for the presence of Campylobacter. Each of the 12 groups was comprised of eight individuals and was sampled weekly for five consecutive weeks. Once a day, roosters were allowed to have a restricted amount of feed after the semen samples were collected by abdominal massage. This feeding schedule reduced the amount of fecal contamination in and around the vent as well as in the semen sample. For replications 1, 2, and 3, the numbers of Campylobacter-positive groups were 8, 5, and 5, respectively, out of 12. For replications 4 and 5, 6 of 8 and 6 of 11 groups were positive, respectively. Only two groups were positive for Campylobacter at all sampling times, two groups were negative each time, and eight groups produced variable results. Also, fecal droppings, external swabs of the genitalia, and semen samples were taken from individual roosters between 49 to 65 wk of age. Of the total 275 semen samples collected, 9.47% contained naturally occurring Campylobacter, whereas 9.6% of 114 fecal droppings and 7.9% of the 114 genital swabs were positive. Levels of the organism present in the fecal samples ranged from 1.0 to 4.2 log colony-forming units (CFU)/g with an average of 2.9 log CFU/g feces. For semen, the levels ranged from as low as enrichment recovery only to as high as 3.1 log CFU/ml of semen with an average of 1.2 log CFU/ml. For swabs of genitalia, the levels of Campylobacter were so low that recovery was achieved only through enrichment. These data suggest that rooster semen may serve as a vehicle for transmission of Campylobacter to the reproductive tract of the hen and subsequently to the fertile egg.
Feasibility and Calibration Considerations for Selection of Combustion Control Features (2019)

Improving modern downsized turbocharged engines requires not only the use of optimized engine components but also the implementation of control algorithms that minimize certain performance indicators such as fuel consumption. This paper proposes a two-input two-output (TITO) tracking control problem to achieve the optimal combustion process while minimizing indicated specific fuel consumption (ISFC) by means of adjusting spark advance (SA) and maximizing the levels of external exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). We show that at a fixed engine speed and various intake manifold pressures, the optimal combustion phase that maximizes piston work is fairly independent of EGR levels. If the crank angle of 50% mass fraction burned (CA50) is used as the combustion phasing indicator, this paper shows that the crank angle duration from spark advance to CA50 (Θ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SA50</sup> ) can be used as the second output of the TITO system without causing directionality or infeasibility problems. Feasibility of the integral control problem using (SA, EGR) as inputs and (CA50, Θ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SA50</sup> ) as outputs is discussed and a simple combustion model is proposed to account for the mean behavior and the cycle-to-cycle combustion variability.
Incompressible matter in the bimetric gravitation theory (1977)

It is found that in the case of a sphere of rigid matter, there is a fundamental difference between the results of the general theory of relativity and the bimetric theory of gravitation. The former gives a finite limit for the mass, while according to the latter there is no mass limit. From the standpoint of the bimetric theory, it is suggested that there may exist a limiting incompressible state of matter and that this is the final state after gravitational collapse.
Tunable THz detector based on a grating gated field-effect transistor (2006)

A split-grating-gate detector design has been implemented in an effort to combine the tunability of the basic grating-gate detector with the high responsivity observed in these detectors when approaching the pinchoff regime. The redesign of the gates by itself offers several orders of magnitude improvement in resonant responsivity. Further improvements are gained by placing the detector element on a thermally isolating membrane in order to increase the effects of lattice heating on the device response.
SAML Profile for the Metadata Query Protocol (2020)

This document profiles the Metadata Query Protocol for use with SAML
metadata. This document is a product of the Research and Education
Federations (REFEDS) Working Group process. Editorial Note (To be
removed by RFC Editor before publication) Discussion of this draft
takes place on the MDX mailing list (mdx@lists.iay.org.uk), which is
accessed from [MDX.list]. XML versions, latest edits and the issues
list for this document are available from [md-query]. The changes in
this draft are summarized in Appendix A.13.
DEVELOPMENT OF A LOW-PROFILE BRIDGE RAIL FOR TEST LEVEL 2 APPLICATIONS (2002)

A low-profile bridge rail was developed for installations where pedestrians and/or site restrictions prevent the use of conventional bridge rails with transitions. The bridge rail design was constructed using a 22.86-m long reinforced concrete parapet. The entire system measured 508-mm high by 356-mm and 279-mm wide at the top and bottom surfaces, respectively. The research study included one full-scale vehicle crash test, using a 3⁄4-ton pickup truck. The full- scale test, impacting at a speed of 70.0 km/hr and an angle of 27.1 degrees, was conducted and reported in accordance with the requirements specified in National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report No. 350, Recommended Procedures for the Safety Performance Evaluation of Highway Features. The safety performance of the low-profile bridge rail was determined to be acceptable according to the Test Level 2 (TL-2) evaluation criteria specified in NCHRP Report No. 350.
Self-sustaining enzyme nanocapsules perform on-site chemical reactions (2021)

Nanoreactors offer a great platform for the onsite generation of functional products. However, the production of the desired compound is often limited by either the availability of the reagents or their diffusion across the nanoreactor shell. To overcome this issue, we synthesized self-sustaining nanoreactors carrying the required reagents with them. They are composed of active enzymes crosslinked as nanocapsules and the inner core serves as a reservoir for reagents. Upon trigger, the enzymatic shell catalyzes the conversion of the encapsulated payload. This concept was demonstrated by the preparation of nanoreactors loaded with sensing molecules for the detection of glucose in biological media. More importantly, the system introduced here serves as an adaptable platform for biomedical applications, since the nanoreactors display good cellular uptake and high activity within cells. Consequently, they could act as nanofactories for the in situ generation of functional molecules.
Practical Tabletop-Scale Femtosecond X-Ray Laser Light Sources for Science and Technology (2018)

Recent advances in ultrafast solid-state and fiber lasers make possible robust and practical tabletop-scale light sources in the vacuum-ultraviolet, extreme-ultraviolet, and soft x-ray spectral regions. These sources are being applied for a wide variety of applications.
CO2 Conversion on N-Doped Carbon Catalysts via Thermo- and Electrocatalysis: Role of C–NOx Moieties (2022)

N-doped carbon (N-C) materials are increasingly popular in different electrochemical and catalytic applications. Due to the structural and stoichiometric diversity of these materials, however, the role of different functional moieties is still controversial. We have synthesized a set of N-C catalysts, with identical morphologies (∼27 nm pore size). By systematically changing the precursors, we have varied the amount and chemical nature of N-functions on the catalyst surface. The CO<sub>2</sub> reduction (CO<sub>2</sub>R) properties of these catalysts were tested in both electrochemical (EC) and thermal catalytic (TC) experiments (i.e., CO<sub>2</sub> + H<sub>2</sub> reaction). CO was the major CO<sub>2</sub>R product in all cases, while CH<sub>4</sub> appeared as a minor product. Importantly, the CO<sub>2</sub>R activity changed with the chemical composition, and the activity trend was similar in the EC and TC scenarios. The activity was correlated with the amount of different N-functions, and a correlation was found for the -NO <sub><i>x</i></sub> species. Interestingly, the amount of this species decreased radically during EC CO<sub>2</sub>R, which was coupled with the performance decrease. The observations were rationalized by the adsorption/desorption properties of the samples, while theoretical insights indicated a similarity between the EC and TC paths.