gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Formation of Bound States in the Continuum in Hybrid Plasmonic-Photonic Systems (2018)

A bound state in the continuum (BIC) is a localized state of an open structure with access to radiation channels, yet it remains highly confined with, in theory, an infinite lifetime and quality factor. There have been many realizations of such exceptional states in dielectric systems without loss. However, realizing BICs in lossy systems such as those in plasmonics remains a challenge. In this Letter, we explore the possibility of realizing BICs in a hybrid plasmonic-photonic structure consisting of a plasmonic grating coupled to a dielectric optical waveguide with diverging radiative quality factors. The plasmonic-photonic system supports two distinct groups of BICs: symmetry-protected BICs at the Γ point and off-Γ Friedrich-Wintgen BICs. The photonic waveguide modes are strongly coupled to the gap plasmons in the grating, leading to an avoided crossing behavior with a high value of Rabi splitting of 150 meV. Moreover, we show that the strong coupling significantly alters the band diagram of the hybrid system, revealing opportunities for supporting stopped light at an off-Γ wide angular span.
MicroRNAs Associated with Metastatic Prostate Cancer (2011)

The use of metastatic and non-metastatic prostate cancer subrenal capsule xenografts derived from one patient's cancer makes it likely that the differentially expressed miRNAs identified in this study include potential biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets for human prostate cancer metastasis.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerization: Formation of Indoles, Benzofurans, and Enol Lactones. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Optical Characterization of MBE-Grown ZnO Epilayers (2011)

Optical characterization of molecular-beam-epitaxy-grown ZnO and MgZnO epitaxial layers on sapphire (0001) substrates is presented. The parameters such as carrier recombination time and optical gain coefficient are analyzed. Radiative recombination mechanisms of ZnO in dense quasiparticle system are discussed. The ZnO epilayers even with lower structural quality are tolerable for applications in optoelectronics as light emitters.
A novel 7-bromoindirubin with potent anticancer activity suppresses survival of human melanoma cells associated with inhibition of STAT3 and Akt signaling (2012)

STAT3 and Akt signaling have been validated as potential molecular targets for treatment of cancers including melanoma. These small molecule inhibitors of STAT3 or Akt signaling are promising for developing anti-melanoma therapeutic agents. MLS-2438, a novel 7-bromoindirubin, a derivative of the natural product indirubin, was synthesized with a bromo-group at the 7-position on one indole ring and a hydrophilic group at the 3'-position on the other indole ring. We tested the anticancer activity of MLS-2438 and investigated its mechanism of action in human melanoma cell lines. Here, we show that MLS-2438 inhibits viability and induces apoptosis of human melanoma cells associated with inhibition of STAT3 and Akt signaling. Several pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins are involved in the MLS-2438 mediated apoptosis. MLS-2438 inhibits Src kinase activity in vitro and phosphorylation of JAK2, Src, STAT3 and Akt in cultured cancer cells. In contrast to the decreased phosphorylation levels of JAK2, Src, STAT3 and Akt, phosphorylation levels of the MAPK (Erk1/2) signaling protein were not reduced in cells treated with MLS-2438. These results demonstrate that MLS-2438, a novel natural product derivative, is a Src inhibitor and potentially regulates kinase activity of JAK2 and Akt in cancer cells. Importantly, MLS-2438 suppressed tumor growth with low toxicity in a mouse xenograft model of human melanoma. Our findings support further development of MLS-2438 as a potential small-molecule therapeutic agent that targets both STAT3 and Akt signaling in human melanoma cells.
A code refinement methodology for performance-improved synthesis from C (2006)

Although many recent advances have been made in hardware synthesis techniques from software programming languages such as C, the performance of synthesized hardware commonly suffers due to the use of C constructs and coding practices that are not appropriate for hardware. Most previous approaches to addressing this problem require drastic changes to coding practice. We present an approach that instead requires only minimal changes but yields significant speedups. In this approach, a software developer initially writes C code as they normally would, and then applies simple refinement guidelines to only the performance-critical code regions, which are the regions most likely to be synthesized to hardware. Alternatively, if a designer is aware of performance-critical parts of the application, the guidelines could be followed during development. In this study, we analyze dozens of embedded benchmarks to determine the most common C coding practices that limit hardware performance, and introduce coding guidelines to make the code more amenable to synthesis. Those guidelines typically require minimal coding effort, generally consisting of less than ten lines of code for each guideline. The guidelines typically represent modifications that require designer knowledge, making the guidelines difficult or impossible for synthesis tools to automate. We apply these guidelines to six benchmarks, resulting in average speedups of 3.5x compared to synthesis from the original code with a negligible software size and performance overhead.
Transmit Power Control for D2D-Underlaid Cellular Networks Based on Statistical Features (2016)

By allowing two nearby mobile devices to communicate via a direct link between them, device-to-device (D2D) communications can efficiently increase the capacity of D2D-underlaid cellular networks, in which D2D and cellular communications share the same frequency band. However, the coexistence of D2D and cellular communications in the same frequency band will cause interference between the D2D and cellular users, thus degrading their performance. One may control the transmit power based on the real-time channel-state information (CSI) to mitigate this interference, but it is difficult to acquire the real-time CSI between D2D/cellular transmitters and D2D receivers. To overcome this difficulty, we propose novel statistical-feature-based power control (SFPC), which determines the transmit power based on statistical (instead of real-time) CSI. The proposed SFPC combines the power control—that is aware of D2D success likelihood—with opportunistic access control to 1) reduce the interference caused by D2D communications and 2) maximize the area spectral efficiency of D2D communications. Specifically, it aims to minimize the D2D transmit power and optimize the selection of access threshold. Our simulation results show that SFPC can increase both the cellular communication success probability and the energy efficiency of D2D communications, as well as reduce the average D2D transmit power.
Fabrication and testing of AMOEBA: an opto-electronic switch for multiprocessor networking (2002)

We present a novel application of opto-electronic/VLSI technology to the AMOEBA switch: an Asynchronous Multiprocessor Opto-Electronic Bit-sliced Array switch. The AMOEBA switch is intended to function as a high-performance single-chip central switch on a data network serving multiple processors or computers. The purpose of the opto-electronic/VLSI chip is to provide byte-wide, switched optical interconnection at the processor clock rate.
SARS-CoV-2 DNA Vaccine INO-4800 Induces Durable Immune Responses Capable of Being Boosted in a Phase 1 Open-Label Trial (2021)

Background: Additional SARS-CoV-2 vaccines that are safe and effective as primary vaccines and boosters remain urgently needed to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. We describe the safety and durability of the immune responses following two primary doses and a homologous booster dose of an investigational DNA vaccine (INO-4800) targeting the full-length spike antigen. Methods: Three dosage strengths of INO-4800 (0.5 mg, 1.0 mg, and 2.0 mg) were evaluated in 120 age-stratified healthy adults. Intradermal injection of INO-4800 followed by electroporation at 0 and 4 weeks preceded an optional booster 6-10.5 months after the second dose. Results: INO-4800 appeared well tolerated, with no treatment-related serious adverse events. Most adverse events were mild and did not increase in frequency with age and subsequent dosing. A durable antibody response was observed 6 months following the second dose; a homologous booster dose significantly increased immune responses. Cytokine producing T cells and activated CD8+ T cells with lytic potential were significantly increased in the 2.0 mg dose group. Conclusion: INO-4800 was well tolerated in a 2-dose primary series and as a homologous booster in all adults, including the elderly. These results support further development of INO-4800 for use as a primary vaccine and as a booster. Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; Clinical trial; DNA Vaccine; INO-4800; COVID-19; Safety; Immunogenicity; Booster
A Quick Crash Detection Method for the Internet Key Exchange Protocol (IKE) (2011)

This document describes an extension to the IKEv2 protocol that allows
for faster detection of Security Association (SA) desynchronization
using a saved token. When an IPsec tunnel between two IKEv2 peers is
disconnected due to a restart of one peer, it can take as much as
several minutes for the other peer to discover that the reboot has
occurred, thus delaying recovery. In this text we propose an extension
to the protocol, that allows for recovery immediately following the
restart.
Process integration of TDEAT-based MOCVD TiN as diffusion barrier for advanced metallization (1996)

Decreasing contact geometry imposes stringent requirements on barrier metals in providing good barrier against Al-Si interdiffusion. The challenge for the barrier metal technologies is to develop a process to give conformal and thermally stable barrier metal film at low enough temperature, so as to be applicable to multilevel interconnect metallization. Collimated Ti/TiN process results in overhanging at the top of the contact and conformality is no way possible. CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) process has been demonstrated to provide excellent conformality and is definitely an attractive option for sub-half micron technology. Process integration of Metalorganic CVD (MOCVD) TiN using TDEAT (Tetrakis(diethylamido) Titanium) precursor and NH<SUB>3</SUB> as co-reactant, together with PVD Ti has been demonstrated as diffusion barrier at contact level for advanced metallization. Two process pressure and temperature regimes of deposition were evaluated. The 30 Torr, 300 degree(s)C higher step coverage process and the 10 Torr, 425 degree(s)C lower resistivity were under study. All barrier stacks went through vacuum break before CVD TiN deposition. RTP was carried out either right after PVD Ti deposition or after CVD TiN deposition. Its impact on contact resistances and junction leakages upon thermal stress were investigated. In addition, the impact of Ti wetting layer on electrical parameters and barrier integrity, which is essential for Al planarization on small geometry contacts, was also studied.
Glutathionylation of Yersinia pestis LcrV and Its Effects on Plague Pathogenesis (2017)

Glutathionylation, the formation of reversible mixed disulfides between glutathione and protein cysteine residues, is a posttranslational modification previously observed for intracellular proteins of bacteria. Here we show that <i>Yersinia pestis</i> LcrV, a secreted protein capping the type III secretion machine, is glutathionylated at Cys<sup>273</sup> and that this modification promotes association with host ribosomal protein S3 (RPS3), moderates <i>Y. pestis</i> type III effector transport and killing of macrophages, and enhances bubonic plague pathogenesis in mice and rats. Secreted LcrV was purified and analyzed by mass spectrometry to reveal glutathionylation, a modification that is abolished by the codon substitution Cys<sup>273</sup>Ala in <i>lcrV</i> Moreover, the <i>lcrV</i><sub><i>C273A</i></sub> mutation enhanced the survival of animals in models of bubonic plague. Investigating the molecular mechanism responsible for these virulence attributes, we identified macrophage RPS3 as a ligand of LcrV, an association that is perturbed by the Cys<sup>273</sup>Ala substitution. Furthermore, macrophages infected by the <i>lcrV</i><sub><i>C273A</i></sub> variant displayed accelerated apoptotic death and diminished proinflammatory cytokine release. Deletion of <i>gshB</i>, which encodes glutathione synthetase of <i>Y. pestis</i>, resulted in undetectable levels of intracellular glutathione, and we used a <i>Y. pestis</i> Δ<i>gshB</i> mutant to characterize the biochemical pathway of LcrV glutathionylation, establishing that LcrV is modified after its transport to the type III needle via disulfide bond formation with extracellular oxidized glutathione.<b>IMPORTANCE</b><i>Yersinia pestis</i>, the causative agent of plague, has killed large segments of the human population; however, the molecular bases for the extraordinary virulence attributes of this pathogen are not well understood. We show here that LcrV, the cap protein of bacterial type III secretion needles, is modified by host glutathione and that this modification contributes to the high virulence of <i>Y. pestis</i> in mouse and rat models for bubonic plague. These data suggest that <i>Y. pestis</i> exploits glutathione in host tissues to activate a virulence strategy, thereby accelerating plague pathogenesis.
Sensitivity Analysis of Optical Metrics for Spectral Splitting Photovoltaic Systems: A Case Study (2015)

Spectral splitting of sunlight to increase photovoltaic (PV) efficiency beyond the Shockley-Queisser limit has gained interest in recent years. Sensitivity analysis can be a useful tool for system designers to determine how much deviation from ideal conditions can be tolerated for different optical parameters. Understanding the origin of these sensitivities can offer insight into materials and device design. We employ 2-D TCAD simulations to analyze the sensitivity of system performance to two optical parameters: spectral fidelity (the fraction of photons directed to the intended material) and the spatial uniformity of illumination intensity. We analyze a system using crystalline silicon (Si) and cuprous oxide (Cu <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O) as absorbers. We find that the spectral fidelity of the light directed to the Si cell has to be greater than 90% for the system to outperform a high-efficiency single-junction Si device. Varying the fidelity of the light directed to the Cu <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O cell from 55% to 90% changes system efficiency by less than 10% relative. In some cases, increasing the fidelity of this light reduces system efficiency. We find no significant impact of spatial variation on length scales from 600 μm to 4.8 mm in devices with emitter sheet resistance less than 500 Ω/□.
Hysteretic resistance concepts in ferroelectric thin films (2006)

Hysteretic resistance effects based on a correlation between ferroelectric polarization and conductivity might become of particular interest for nonvolatile memory applications, because they are not subject to the scaling restrictions of charge based memories such as the ferroelectric random access memory. Two basic concepts, a metal-ferroelectric-metal structure and a metal-ferroelectric-semiconductor structure are discussed in the literature. This contribution discusses the principle of operation of those concepts in terms of the band model. A generalized model is proposed, which is based on a conductive metal-ferroelectric-semiconductor-metal structure. Here, the existence of a low and a high conductive state originates from a switch of the polarization in the ferroelectric layer and a resulting positive or negative polarization charge at the ferroelectric-semiconductor interface. Charge carriers in the film are attracted by or depleted at the interface giving rise to different local conductivities. By simulation, the effect of internal screening caused by mobile charge carriers on the hysteretic current-voltage behavior and the depolarizing field in the ferroelectric are estimated. The simulation discloses a switching ratio up to several orders of magnitude and a conductivity window, which scales with the donor concentration. It may also explain resistive switching in systems consisting only of one ferroelectric layer by assuming the presence of nonferroelectric interface layers.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Supported Catalysts Encapsulated in Mesoporous Solids: Challenges and Opportunities of a Model Concept (2013)

Abstract Review: 39 refs.
Lowering of tumor interstitial fluid pressure specifically augments efficacy of chemotherapy (2003)

Chemotherapy of solid tumors is presently largely ineffective at dosage levels that are compatible with survival of the patient. Here, it is argued that a condition of raised interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) that can be observed in many tumors is a major factor in preventing optimal access of systemically administered chemotherapeutic agents. Using prostaglandin E1-methyl ester (PGE1), which is known transiently to reduce IFP, it was shown that 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) caused significant growth inhibition on two experimental tumors in rats but only after administration of PGE1. Furthermore, timing experiments showed that only in the period in which IFP is reduced did 5-FU have an antitumor effect. These experiments uniquely demonstrate a clear and, according to the starting hypothesis, logical, synergistic effect of PGE1 and 5-FU that offers hope for better treatment of many tumors in which raised IFP is likely to be inhibiting optimal results with water-soluble cancer chemotherapeutic agents.
Integrated high-quality factor silicon-on-sapphire ring resonators for the mid-infrared (2013)

We demonstrate high-quality (Q) factor grating-coupled ring resonators in a silicon-on-sapphire platform, operating at wavelengths between 4.3 and 4.6 μm. Total Q-factors of 151 000 and intrinsic Q-factors of 278 000 are measured, representing the highest Q-factors measured at the mid-infrared in Si.
Structure-based discovery of tipranavir disodium (PNU-140690E): A potent, orally bioavailable, nonpeptidic HIV protease inhibitor (1999)

Efforts to develop therapeutically relevant HIV protease inhibitors as medicinal agents in confronting the AIDS crisis have been aided by the wealth of fundamental information acquired during related drug discovery campaigns against other aspartyl proteases. This knowledge base was brought to full force with the broad screening identification of small, nonpeptidic, inhibitory molecules as templates for chemical elaboration. Significantly, the ability to collect crystallographic data on the inhibitor-enzyme complexes in a rapid fashion afforded the opportunity for a structure-based approach to drug discovery. Iterative cycles of synthesis, biological testing, and structural information gathering followed by prudent design modifications afforded compounds suitable for clinical evaluation. Displaying high enzymatic inhibition (Ki = 8 pM), potent in vitro antiviral cell culture activity (IC90 = 100 nM), and a useful pharmacokinetic profile, PNU-140690E (Tipranavir disodium) has entered into clinical studies. Promising results from these early trials supported further evaluation of this compound in HIV-infected individuals. PNU-140690E is currently under extensive clinical study.
Erratum to: Low Frequency of Early Complications With Dual-mobility Acetabular Cups in Cementless Primary THA (2016)

Erratum to: Clin Orthop Relat Res DOI 10.1007/s11999-016-4811-6 In the “Patients and Methods” section, the sentence: “The acetabular shell consists of titanium alloy with a porous, plasma-sprayed coat of titanium and hydroxyapatite on the outer surface, and a bearing surface of cobalt-chrome with screw holes for additional fixation, if deemed necessary by the surgeon.” should read: “The acetabular shell consists of a titanium alloy porous outer surface and a bearing surface of cobalt-chrome with screw holes for additional fixation, if deemed necessary by the surgeon.” In addition, note that this article was updated to correct the spelling of Jaydev B. Mistry's name.
A Virtual Collection Focused on Antifungal Drug Discovery (2022)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVEditorialNEXTA Virtual Collection Focused on Antifungal Drug DiscoveryCraig W. LindsleyCraig W. LindsleyMore by Craig W. Lindsleyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9261-594X, Dennis C. LiottaDennis C. LiottaMore by Dennis C. Liottahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0168-1445, and Courtney C. AldrichCourtney C. AldrichMore by Courtney C. Aldrichhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7736-7113Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 2022, 65, 4, 2988Publication Date (Web):February 4, 2022Publication History Published online4 February 2022Published inissue 24 February 2022https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00042https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00042editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2022 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views3072Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (500 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Antimicrobial agents,Drug discovery,Fungi,Infectious diseases,Pharmaceuticals Get e-Alerts
Thermally stable InAlAs/InGaAs heterojunction FETwith AlAs/InAs superlattice insertion layer (1996)

A novel InAlAs/InGaAs heterojunction FET (HJFET), with an AlAs/InAs superlattice inserted between an InAlAs Schottky layer and an InAlAs donor layer, is proposed. The developed device exhibited initial DC characteristics identical to those of the conventional lattice-matched HJFET and improved thermal stability owing to the inserted superlattice layer acting as a barrier against impurity diffusion.
Visualization for Statistical Term Network in Newspaper (2008)

In this paper, we propose a visualization method for global dynamics. Global dynamics of various events and statistics are important to analyze complex international issues such as environmental, economic and political problems. We have been developing a system which can extract a co-occurrence network of statistical terms based on a suffix pattern matching. However, the network structure consisting of thousands of statistical terms is too complicated to understand their causal relations briefly. So we propose a method for simplifying the network structure based on network complexity and language expressions. Our experimental result shows that a clique of the statistical terms corresponds to a certain topic or issue and causal relations can be described as a chain of the cliques on