gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rheological Properties of Cholesteric Liquid Crystal with Visible Reflection from an Etherified Hydroxypropyl Cellulose Derivative (2022)

Optical properties of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) derivatives have been widely investigated for their ability to exhibit cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) phase. However, there are only a limited number of studies on their rheological properties even though they are quite important for the applications of such HPC derivatives to the versatile CLC photonic devices. In this article, we report on the optical and rheological properties of an HPC derivative possessing pentyl ether groups in the side-chains. The etherified HPC derivative exhibited thermotropic CLC phase with light reflection in the temperature range between 25 °C and 120 °C. After the HPC derivative was heated once at isotropic phase, followed by being cooled to the CLC phase, the reflection peak could not be observed, even at the CLC phase. At this stage, the HPC derivative exhibited solid-like rheological responses compared to that of sheared at a constant shear rate of 1.0 s<sup>-1</sup>. Such differences in the optical and rheological properties of the HPC derivative can be ascribed to the difference in CLC orientation state. From the rheological results, the etherified HPC derivative showed liquid-like behavior rather than the esterified HPC derivatives. This evidence provides a promising clue for fabricating high-quality CLC devices by the facile CLC orientation.
Efficient Opening Detection (2011)

We present an efficient and powerful algorithm for detecting openings. Openings indicate the existence of a new path for the robot. The reliable detection of new openings is especially relevant to the domain of Navigation Among Movable Obstacles in known [7] as well as unknown [2] environments. Tremendous speed-ups for algorithms in these domains can be achieved by limiting the considerations of obstacle manipulations to cases where manipulations create new openings. The presented algorithm can detect openings for obstacles of arbitrary shapes being displaced in arbitrary directions in changing environments. To the knowledge of the authors, this is the first algorithm to achieve efficient opening detection for arbitrary shaped obstacles.
Treatment of renal angioplasty failure by percutaneous renal artery stenting with Palmaz stents: midterm technical and clinical results. (1997)

Midterm results of renal artery stenting with the Palmaz stent to treat immediate or late angioplasty failures reveal improvements in blood pressure and renal function similar to those of successful primary balloon angioplasty.
Perspectives on supercapacitors, pseudocapacitors and batteries (2011)

With the anticipated increase in renewable wind and solar energy, efficient storage of electrical energy for balancing energy generation and demand on various time scales is becoming increasingly important. This review summarises the fundamentals of electrical energy storage in capacitors and batteries, discusses the similarities and differences of the two classes of devices and addresses the potential impact of the current research. A number of new materials and device structures that are anticipated to play roles in new devices are reviewed in greater detail. Topics covered are carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, nanostructured transition metal oxides, silicon-based devices, ionic liquids (ILs), ion-conductive polymers and asymmetric supercapacitors.
Taking Control over Control: Use of Product Sensing in Single Cells to Remove Flux Control at Key Enzymes in Biosynthesis Pathways (2013)

Enzymes initiating the biosynthesis of cellular building blocks are frequently inhibited by the end-product of the respective pathway. Here we present an approach to rapidly generate sets of enzymes overriding this control. It is based on the in vivo detection of the desired end-product in single cells using a genetically encoded sensor. The sensor transmits intracellular product concentrations into a graded optical output, thus enabling ultrahigh-throughput screens by FACS. We randomly mutagenized plasmid-encoded ArgB of Corynebacterium glutamicum and screened the library in a strain carrying the sensor pSenLys-Spc, which detects l-lysine, l-arginine and l-histidine. Six of the resulting N-acetyl-l-glutamate kinase proteins were further developed and characterized and found to be at least 20-fold less sensitive toward l-arginine inhibition than the wild-type enzyme. Overexpression of the mutein ArgB-K47H-V65A in C. glutamicumΔargR led to the accumulation of 34 mM l-arginine in the culture medium. We also screened mutant libraries of lysC-encoded aspartate kinase and hisG-encoded ATP phosphoribosyltransferase. We isolated 11 LysC muteins, enabling up to 45 mM l-lysine accumulation, and 13 HisG muteins, enabling up to 17 mM l-histidine accumulation. These results demonstrate that in vivo screening of enzyme libraries by using metabolite sensors is extremely well suited to identify high-performance muteins required for overproduction.
Wetting layer entropy effect on the modulation response of self-organized quantum dot lasers (2002)

Self-organized quantum dot (QD) lasers are rapidly advancing with impressive demonstrations of extended wavelength operation beyond 1.3 /spl mu/m for GaAs-based devices, and very low threshold current density and current. However, the modulation response of these unique devices has not yet been heavily studied. Because of the radically altered density of electronic levels due to the 0-dimensional (0-D) confinement, we may expect modulation behavior significantly different than for the heavily studied planar quantum well lasers. Early predictions were that the QD modulation response may be improved over planar quantum wells due to a larger differential gain. However, the first experimental reports comparing the small-signal modulation of self-organized QD lasers to that for planar quantum well lasers show that the QD lasers have a much stronger temperature sensitivity, and a much lower modulation response at room temperature. In addition, experiments studying the dynamic response of 1.3 /spl mu/m InGaAs QDs we show that electron-hole relaxation can also be strongly temperature sensitive in the self-organized QDs.
Narrowband Jamming Mitigation Based on Multi-Resolution Analysis for Land Vehicles (2021)

Autonomous and connected vehicles mainly rely on global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) for positioning and navigation, which is a key component for path planning and guidance. It is therefore crucial to ensure the reliability and robustness of the GNSS signals. Jamming has recently become one of the major concerns for GNSS receivers, especially with the widespread of in-car jammers that broadcast jamming signals. Therefore, future vehicle manufacturers must deploy advanced anti-jamming techniques that have to be extensively tested before being deployed in future self-driving vehicles. This motivates us to develop a robust anti-jamming technique based on wavelet packet transform to efficiently suppress jamming signals and enhance the performance of the acquisition, tracking, and navigation stages within a software-defined receiver. The developed technique is computationally efficient, thus, more suitable for real-time processing. Several experiments for different driving scenarios are performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method for mitigating various types of jamming signals. Experiments are conducted on global positioning system (GPS) L1 C/A signals obtained from Spirent system for a fully controlled environment. Moreover, a unique experimental setup was developed to assess the performance of the proposed technique in the presence of a jamming signal from a real jammer.
An Axiomatic Formalization of UML Models (2014)

Abstract: Though it is widely recognized that object-oriented methodologies are most effective in developing large scale software, it is still difÞcult to apply high level computer support to it, as current methodologies are informal, especially at their upstream phases. This means that we cannot expect sophisticated supports for checking consistency among analysis models and validating/verifying their appro-priateness. As quality of analysis models determines that of succeeding design and implementation phases, formalization of the analysis phase is very important. In this paper, we propose a formal approach to analysis phase, consisting of (1)formal analysis models, (2)uniÞcation of the models, (3)an axiom system for consistency veriÞcation and (4)veriÞcation environment. 1
Automatic Pronunciation Transliteration for Chinese-English Mixed Language Keyword Spotting (2010)

This paper presents automatic pronunciation transliteration method with acoustic and contextual analysis for Chinese-English mixed language keyword spotting (KWS) system. More often, we need to develop robust Chinese-English mixed language spoken language technology without Chinese accented English acoustic data. In this paper, we exploit pronunciation conversion method based on syllable-based characteristic analysis of pronunciation and data-driven phoneme pairs mappings to solve mixed language problem by only using well-trained Chinese models. One obvious advantage of such method is that it provides a flexible framework to implement the pronunciation conversion of English keywords to Chinese automatically. The efficiency of the proposed method was demonstrated under KWS task on mixed language database.
Trends and Variation in Use of Breast Reconstruction in Patients With Breast Cancer Undergoing Mastectomy in the United States (2014)

Breast reconstruction has increased over time, but it has wide geographic variability. Receipt of other treatments correlates with the use of and approaches toward reconstruction. Further research and interventions are needed to ensure equitable access to this important component of multidisciplinary treatment of breast cancer.
Role of RhoA, mDia, and ROCK in Cell Shape-dependent Control of the Skp2-p27 Pathway and the G1/S Transition (2004)

Cell shape-dependent control of cell-cycle progression underlies the spatial differentials of growth that drive tissue morphogenesis, yet little is known about how cell distortion impacts the biochemical signaling machinery that is responsible for growth control. Here we show that the Rho family GTPase, RhoA, conveys the "cell shape signal" to the cell-cycle machinery in human capillary endothelial cells. Cells accumulating p27(kip1) and arrested in mid G(1) phase when spreading were inhibited by restricted extracellular matrix adhesion, whereas constitutively active RhoA increased expression of the F-box protein Skp2 required for ubiquitination-dependent degradation of p27(kip1) and restored G(1) progression in these cells. Studies with dominant-negative and constitutively active forms of mDia1, a downstream effector of RhoA, and with a pharmacological inhibitor of ROCK, another RhoA target, revealed that RhoA promoted G(1) progression by altering the balance of activities between these two downstream effectors. These data indicate that signaling proteins such as mDia1 and ROCK, which are thought to be involved primarily in cytoskeletal remodeling, also mediate cell growth regulation by coupling cell shape to the cell-cycle machinery at the level of signal transduction.
Compositional dependence of the band gap in Ga(NAsP) quantum well heterostructures (2015)

We present experimental and theoretical studies of the composition dependence of the direct band gap energy in Ga(NAsP)/GaP quantum well heterostructures grown on either (001) GaP- or Si-substrates. The theoretical description takes into account the band anti-crossing model for the conduction band as well as the modification of the valence subband structure due to the strain resulting from the pseudomorphic epitaxial growth on the respective substrate. The composition dependence of the direct band gap of Ga(NAsP) is obtained for a wide range of nitrogen and phosphorus contents relevant for laser applications on Si-substrate.
Rhodium(I)‐Catalyzed 1,4‐Silicon Shift of Unactivated Silanes from Aryl to Alkyl: Enantioselective Synthesis of Indanol Derivatives (2010)

Schneller Tausch! Bei hoch reaktiven Alkylrhodiumspezies gelingt ohne Schwierigkeiten eine C-Si-Aktivierung, die insgesamt einen 1,4-Si/Rh-Platztausch zur Folge hat. Diese Reaktivität wird für einen enantioselektiven Zugang zu hochfunktionalisierten Indanolderivaten genutzt. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Supplementary Table S1 from AMG 479, a fully human anti–insulin-like growth factor receptor type I monoclonal antibody, inhibits the growth and survival of pancreatic carcinoma cells (2023)

Supplementary Table S1 from AMG 479, a fully human anti–insulin-like growth factor receptor type I monoclonal antibody, inhibits the growth and survival of pancreatic carcinoma cells
Delay Compensated Quad-level Delta-sigma Modulation Dual-color DRoF System for Beyond 5G Mobile Fronthaul (2023)

We demonstrated a high-performance dual-color B5G DRoF system using delay compensation. A quad-level 6-Gbit/s 64-QAM OFDM signal was successfully transmitted over the proposed system, showing a much better performance compared to the conventional 1-bit system.
Control of channel power excursions at sudden reconfiguration or faults in a ROADM-based WDM network (2013)

This paper addresses the problem of reducing power excursions in amplified WDM communication networks with Reconfigurable Optical Add-Drop Multiplexers (ROADM). We consider a basic WDM network topology, namely, a ROADM-based optically amplified chain network, where each ROADM node is equipped with Wavelength Selective Switch (WSS) for channel power adjustment. In dynamic network loading scenarios or at sudden failures, conventional WSS control strategies lead to transient power excursions across the chain. We propose a new WSS coordination control strategy that effectively decouples nodes in the chain network and reduces WSS transient power excursions across the chain in the event of failures or reconfigurations.We provide analytical bounds on these reductions as well as experimental results implemented on a Transparent Optical Mesh Simulator (ATOM) for two realistic scenarios.
Structural investigation of MoS2core–shell nanoparticles formed by an arc discharge in water (2003)

The intense environment of an electric arc has been used to create MoS2 core–shell particles. Instead of running the arc in a vacuum chamber under reduced pressure conditions, an arc discharge in water was employed. The arc was run between a carbon cathode and a Mo hollow rod anode whose interior was packed with MoS2 powder. High-resolution electron microscopy and image simulations have been used to characterize the structure of the resultant material which was seen to consist of agglomerates of polyhedral MoS2 cages with filled cores. A correlation between the growth conditions and the observed nanostructure is presented.
AVON - A Fast Hash Function for Intel SIMD Architectures (2013)

In this paper, we propose a hash function that takes advantage of the AES-NI and other Single-Instruction Multiple-Data operations on Intel x64 platforms to generate digests very efficiently. It is suitable for applications in which a server needs to securely hash electronic documents at a rate of several cycles/byte. This makes it much more efficient for certain applications than SHA-2, SHA-3 or any of the SHA-3 finalists. On the common Sandy Bridge micro-architecture, our hash function, AVON, has a throughput of 2.65 cycles per byte while retaining a high degree of security.
Organometall-Synthesen mit Diazoalkanen (1978)

Die aliphatischen Diazoverbindungen haben sich in den letzten Jahren als immer vielseitiger anwendbare Reagentien in der präparativen Chemie der Organometall-Komplexe erwiesen. Als leicht zugängliche Verbindungen eignen sie sich nicht nur zum bequemen Aufbau von Metallkomplexen bekannter Art, sondern eröffnen auch erste Synthesewege zu neuartigen Komplexsystemen. Die noch junge Komplexchemie der Diazoalkane zeichnet sich durch eine Vielfalt häufig unerwarteter und neuartiger Reaktionen aus und verleiht der Chemie der Carbonylmetall-Verbindungen interessante und zukunftsweisende Aspekte.
Transparent phototransistor with high responsivity, sensitivity, and detectivity from heterojunction metal oxide semiconductors (2020)

In this work, the high-performance transparent Al:InZnSnO/InZnO/Al:InZnSnO tri-layer thin-film phototransistors are reported. They show a high field-effect mobility of 40.1 cm2/V·s and an excellent high photoresponsivity of 25 000 A/W, a photosensitivity of 3.3 × 107, a specific detectivity of 4.3 × 1017 cm·Hz1/2·W−1 under the illumination at 460 nm with an intensity of 140 μW/cm2. The persistent photoconductivity inherent in phototransistors made of oxide semiconductors overcome by a pulsed gate bias with 1 μs, which accelerates the recombination of photogenerated holes with electrons. This demonstrates that the transparent photosensor array can be integrated monolithically on the display without appreciable loss of transparency for high functionality such as large area image sensor.
Evaluation of monitoring cardiac output by long time interval analysis of a radial arterial blood pressure waveform using the MIMIC II database (2010)

We recently proposed a technique to estimate relative cardiac output (CO) change by unique long time interval analysis (LTIA) of a radial arterial blood pressure waveform. Here, we evaluated the technique in 169 critically ill patients, while comparing it to previous "pulse contour analysis" techniques, using the public MIMIC II database. The LTIA technique achieved an overall calibrated CO error of 18.8% against reference (single determination) thermodilution measurements. This level of accuracy was not better than the previous techniques. However, the average absolute thermodilution CO change in each patient was only 12.3%. As the absolute CO change increased, the LTIA technique became increasingly more accurate than the previous techniques.
Pretreatment of hardwood chips via autohydrolysis supported by acetic and formic acid (2013)

Abstract A mixture of US southern hardwood chips was treated with aqueous acetic and formic acid (FA) solutions in a modified Dionex ASE100 extractor. The amount and selectivity of hemicelluloses dissolution increase at higher acetic acid (AA) and FA concentrations, but cellulose remains intact in the residual wood. Even at the highest AA concentration of 100 g l -1 , the dissolved hemicellulose fragments are still oligomeric except for arabinose. The formation of lignin-like condensation products (LCPs) and decomposition of dissolved mannose, arabinose, and galactose were observed at the highest AA concentration. Sugar hydrolysis is more pronounced with the addition of FA at increasing temperature. The concentration of xylose in the FA extract is approximately the same as that of xylo-oligomers at 160°C. Formation of LCPs is only observed at 170°C during 10 g l -1 FA treatment. The concentrations of dissolved wood components increase linearly with increased recycling of the FA extract.
23-ps pulses from a Kerr-lens mode-locked lamp-pumped Nd:YLF laser with a microdot mirror (1993)

Pulses as short as 2.3 ps have been generated by passive mode locking of a lamp-pumped Nd:YLF laser with a microdot mirror mode locker for Kerr-lens mode-locking (KLM) saturable absorber action and a compact Gires-Tournois interferometer for dispersion compensation. KLM was initiated with an acousto-optic modulator. Average output powers of 800 mW have been achieved. This result demonstrates the potential use of KLM for generating near-bandwidth-limited pulses from high-power lamp-pumped sources.
Synthesis and viscosity behavior of poly(γ‐p‐biphenylmethyl‐L‐glutamate) in benzene/dichloroacetic acid mixtures, a comparison with poly(γ‐benzyl‐L‐glutamate) (1974)

Abstract The synthesis of poly(γ‐ p ‐biphenylmethyl‐L‐glutamate), PBPLG, (poly{L‐imino‐1‐[2‐(4‐biphenylylmethoxycarbonyl)ethyl]‐2‐oxoethylene}), ( 1d ) is described. The viscosity behavior of this polymer in benzene/dichloroacetic acid mixtures ( c =0,2.10 —3 —1,4.10 —3 g/cm 3 ) at 25°CC is investigated. The results are compared with measurements on poly(γ‐benzyl‐L‐glutamate), PBLG, (poly[L‐imino‐1‐(2‐benzyloxycarbonylethyl)‐2‐oxoethylene]), ( 1c ) under the same conditions. A transition from a rigid hydrogen bonded helix to a random solvated coil occurs in two stages for both: PBPLG (first stage 0—55%, second stage 55—100% dichloroacetic acid) and PBLG (first stage 0—70%, second stage 70—100% dichloroacetic acid). Therefore, the introduction of a p ‐phenyl substituent in PBLG leads to a less stable helix in benzene/dichloroacetic acid mixtures. The stability and viscosity behavior of PBLG in benzene/dichloroacetic acid mixtures ( c =0,2.10 —3 —1,4.10 —3 g/cm 3 ) is quite similar to the behavior of PBLG in m ‐cresol/dichloroacetic acid mixtures ( c =1,0.10 —3 —4,0.10 —3 g/cm 3 ).
Cover Image (2019)

The cover image is based on the Research Article A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study to assess the efficacy of Andrographis paniculata standardized extract (ParActin®) on pain reduction in subjects with knee osteoarthritis by Juan L. Hancke et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6339. Cover Image © Annie Eng/HPIngredients.
Progress Towards a Micromachined Heat Exchanger for a Cryosurgical Probe (2012)

This paper describes developments towards a lithography-based micro-fabricated recuperative heat exchanger that is intended to be a component within a cryosurgical probe. A cryosurgical probe must achieve a temperature below -50°C in order to be clinically useful for the treatment of cancer. Cryosurgical probes based on the mixed gas Joule-Thomson (JT) cycle require only a recuperative heat exchanger and an expansion valve in the cold-head. Therefore, this cycle has the potential for high reliability and miniaturization. The objective of this project is to explore the potential for applying micromachining techniques to the design and fabrication of the recuperative heat exchanger. The heat exchanger must maintain high stream-to-stream thermal conductance while restricting axial conduction losses. The 1 generation heat exchanger consists of rows of fins composed of high conductivity silicon that are bonded onto a single 100 μm thick base plate composed of low conductivity Pyrex glass. This design minimizes the number of wafers that must be bonded compared to more favorable designs based on interleaving many high conductivity silicon plates with low conductivity Pyrex spacers. However, there are several disadvantages associated with the design, most notably the fragility of the thin Pyrex base plate separating the high and low pressure streams; this limits the ability of the heat exchanger to withstand the relatively large pressure difference that is required to energize the Joule-Thomson cooling cycle. The 1 generation heat exchanger was fabricated and tested and the results of these tests will be provided in the paper. In parallel, a bonding technique has been developed that allows multiple plates to be hermetically joined using a metallization layer. Therefore, a 2 generation heat exchanger design is presented which overcomes many of the limitations of the 1 generation device. Specifically, it will be more robust and will provide enhanced thermal performance. The design of this 2 generation heat exchanger is discussed.