gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of tumor-penetrating peptide iRGD on uptake of In-111 labeled B3, anti-Ley mAb in PC-3 tumor (2013)

1352 Objectives To investigate if co-administration of tumor-penetrating peptide CRGDKGPDC (iRGD) which has an affinity to integrin αvβ3 could increase the uptake of In-111 labeled B3, a murine IgG1k mAb directed against the Ley antigen, by a αvβ3 and neuropilin-1 dependent mechanism into PC-3 tumor expressing Leyand neuropilin-1 but not integrin αvβ3 on the cell surface. Methods Groups of nude mice (n=4~5) were inoculated sc with PC-3 tumor cells in the right hind flank. When the mean tumor size was 300mm3, the mice received iv In-111- MX- B3 (3.0μCi/60μg; radiochemical purity, >98%; immunoreactivity, >70%) with and without iRGD (4μmol/kg) on D0. The other iRGD groups received additional iRGD (4µmol/kg) on Ds 1, 2, and/or 3. The biodistribution was performed on Ds 1, 2, 3, and 7. Results The comparative biodistribution studies of In-111-MX- B3 with and without the iRGD administration showed similar distributions of the radiolabel in blood and organs. The tumor uptakes (% ID/g) for the control without iRGD were 21.66±2.77 on D1, 21.78±4.49 on D2, 18.82±3.88 on D3, and 12.91±3.31 on D7. Compared to the control, the iRGD coadministration and subsequent daily injections of iRGD showed a trend toward increased tumor uptake: the uptake was increased by 14.7% (p=0.274) on D2, 35.6% (p=0.015) on D3 and 27.4% (p=0.120) on D 7. Conclusions These findings suggest that the tumor uptake of In-111-B3 in PC-3 tumor was primarily mediated by the mAb B3 binding to Ley antigen rather than internalization and penetration mechanism activated by the neuropilin-1 dependent active transport. This study also suggests that additional experiments are needed involving tumor cells that express αvβ3 and neuropilin-1 but not Ley antigen to illustrate the αvβ3 and neuropilin-1 dependent active transport mechanism to increase the uptake of In-111-B3 into tumor.
Establishment of an NDE Center at the Papua New Guinea University of Technology: Scope and Objectives (1997)

Papua New Guinea lies just north of Australia (Fig. 1). It is a developing island nation, with 462,839 km of land area, a population of 3.9 million people, and vast natural resources (Compton’s Interactive Encyclopedia, 1996). It is the largest island in the Oceania region of the world, which also includes Fiji, the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu. Most of these islands share similar resources, and prudent development of the resources requires utilization of nondestructive evaluation (NDE). NDE provides the means for flaw detection and size assessment, as well as evaluation of material degradation such as corrosion and hydrogen attack. These are factors which affect the service life of components and systems. Being aware of the state of degradation of these components and systems will enable cost effective maintenance, and reduce costly and dangerous failures. Recognizing the need for NDE expertise, the Papua New Guinea University of Technology at Lae has initiated a Center for Nondestructive Evaluation. Once operational, the center should serve the entire Oceania region, and provide resources, trained students and expertise that will enable the growth of the NDE industry within that area. It is widely accepted that NDE adds value to a product or process, not just cost. The amount of value is directly related to the engineering education of the personnel making NDE decisions. The growth of the NDE industry in these South Pacific Islands will add to the economy, as well as aid in the further creation of a population of engineers who are well educated in NDE.
DNA Sequencing‐by‐Synthesis using Novel Nucleotide Analogs (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction General Methodology for DNA SBS Four-Color DNA SBS using CF-NRTs Hybrid DNA SBS using NRTs and CF-ddNTPs Perspectives References
Patchy Particle Model for Vitrimers (2013)

Vitrimers--a recently invented new class of polymers--consist of covalent networks that can rearrange their topology via a bond shuffling mechanism, preserving the total number of network links. We introduce a patchy particle model whose dynamics directly mimic the bond exchange mechanism and reproduce the observed glass-forming ability. We calculate the free energy of this model in the limit of strong (chemical) bonds between the particles, both via the Wertheim thermodynamic perturbation theory and using computer simulations. The system exhibits an entropy-driven phase separation between a network phase and a dilute cluster gas, bringing new insight into the swelling behavior of vitrimers in solvents.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Thyroid Hormone Analogues. Part 3. Iodonium Salt Approaches to SK&F L‐94901. (1989)

Abstract The key step in the synthesis of SK&amp;F L‐94901 (VI) is the formation of the diaryl ether (V) by copper‐catalyzed coupling of the sym. bisaryliodonium salt (III) with the protected dibromotyrosine (IV).
60-GHz Photonic Vector Signal Generation Employing Frequency Quadrupling Scheme for Radio-over-Fiber Link (2009)

A novel 60-GHz photonic millimeter-wave signal generation using a frequency quadrupling technique is proposed for the first time. A 312.5-MSym/s 8-QAM millimeter-wave signal at 60 GHz is demonstrated with negligible penalty following 25-km SMF transmission.
Characterization of Fibrous Aggregated Morphologies and Other Complex Architectures Self-Assembled from Helical Alkyne and Triazole Polycarbodiimides (R)- and (S)-Families in the Bulk and Thin Film (2015)

We report here the self-assembly studies of 22 polycarbodiimides (PCDs) in complex morphologies such as fibers, looped fibers, fibrous networks, ribbons, worm-like aggregates, toroidal structures, and craters that were examined by combination of TMAFM, TEM, SEM, and powder XRD methods as well as semiempirical modeling. Morphology characterization in the thin film (TMAFM, TEM) and in bulk (SEM, pXRD) revealed the formation of fiber-like aggregates assembled from the bundles of individual helices. In certain cases superhelical motifs of both right- and left-handed screw senses were identified. It seemed likely that the great variety of morphologies observed is a result of extensive hydrophobic side chain/side chain interactions of the singular polycarbodiimide strands.
Draft Genome Sequence of Escherichia coli K-12 (ATCC 29425) (2017)

A draft genome sequence for <i>Escherichia coli</i> ATCC 29425 was investigated. The size of the genome was 4,608,319 bp, with an observed G+C content of 50.68%. This assembly consisted of 80 contigs, with an average coverage of 122.2×, including one contig representative of the complete genome for the temperate phage P1.
Sulfur and Nitrogen Chemical Speciation in Crude Oils and Related Carbonaceous Materials (2015)

This chapter gives an overview of sulfur x-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) studies performed on some carbonaceous materials, viz. crude oil and related materials (asphaltenes, kerogens, bitumens, and resins), and coals. Thiophene, sulfide, sulfoxide, sulfone, pyrite, and sulfate are found in varying amounts in these materials. In source rock bitumens, sulfoxide is more abundant than in the kerogens, while within the kerogens, the less aromatic Type I samples show a smaller ratio of thiophenic/sulfidic sulfur than in Type II samples. Petroleum asphaltenes have a similar sulfur chemistry, regardless of the source or the burial depth. Resins and oil fractions retain the polar sulfoxide species of the parent oil similar to the more polar asphaltenes fractions. More aromatic sulfur species also dominate in the more matured coals than in the younger coals. Studies of nitrogen XANES also reveal that aromatic forms of nitrogen prevail in samples with increased aromatic carbon.
Probing Catalytic Hinge Bending Motions in Thermolysin-like Proteases by Glycine → Alanine Mutations (1998)

The active site of thermolysin-like proteases (TLPs) is located at the bottom of a cleft between the N- and C-terminal domains. Crystallographic studies have shown that the active-site cleft is more closed in ligand-binding TLPs than in ligand-free TLPs. Accordingly, it has been proposed that TLPs undergo a hinge-bending motion during catalysis resulting in "closure" and "opening" of the active-site cleft. Two hinge regions have been proposed. One is located around a conserved glycine 78; the second involves residues 135 and 136. The importance of conserved glycine residues in these hinge regions was studied experimentally by analyzing the effects of Gly --> Ala mutations on catalytic activity. Eight such mutations were made in the TLP of Bacillus stearothermophilus (TLP-ste) and their effects on activity toward casein and various peptide substrates were determined. Only the Gly78Ala, Gly136Ala, and Gly135Ala + Gly136Ala mutants decreased catalytic activity significantly. These mutants displayed a reduction in kcat/Km for 3-(2-furylacryloyl)-L-glycyl-L-leucine amide of 73%, 62%, and 96%, respectively. Comparisons of effects on kcat/Km for various substrates with effects on the Ki for phosphoramidon suggested that the mutation at position 78 primarily had an effect on substrate binding, whereas the mutations at positions 135 and 136 primarily influence kcat. The apparent importance of conserved glycine residues in proposed hinge-bending regions for TLP activity supports the idea that hinge-bending is an essential part of catalysis.
Transdermal Delivery of Traditional Chinese Medicine Via a Microfabricated Zeolite Microneedle (2016)

Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) have more than 3000 years of history and include many bioactive phytochemicals derived from plants. Decoction and oral administration remain common extraction methods for TCM with inconvenience and low efficacy. The possibility of reformulating TCM for transdermal delivery is attractive and microneedle could provide an avenue for effective administration of TCM. This work explores the delivery of ferulic acid (FA) derived from TCM, Danggui (Angelica sinensi) by microneedle. Ferulic acid is shown to be an antioxidant with pro-apoptotic effects on cancer cell. The microneedle was made of pure silica zeolites that have good hardness and strength, and can create channels through skin with minimal peripheral damages. The delivery of ferulic acid was monitored in an in vitro experiment using pig skin as model skin surface to measure the efficiency of the microneedle transdermal delivery system.
Fine‐scale environmental specialization of reef‐building corals might be limiting reef recovery in the Florida Keys (2015)

Despite decades of monitoring global reef decline, we are still largely unable to explain patterns of reef deterioration at local scales, which precludes the development of effective management strategies. Offshore reefs of the Florida Keys, USA, experience milder temperatures and lower nutrient loads in comparison to inshore reefs yet remain considerably more degraded than nearshore patch reefs. A year-long reciprocal transplant experiment of the mustard hill coral (Porites astreoides) involving four source and eight transplant locations reveals that corals adapt and/or acclimatize to their local habitat on a < 10-km scale. Surprisingly, transplantation to putatively similar environmental types (e.g., offshore corals moved to a novel offshore site, or along-shore transplantation) resulted in greater reductions in fitness proxies, such as coral growth, than cross-channel transplantation between inshore and offshore reefs. The only abiotic factor showing significantly greater differences between along-shore sites was daily temperature range extremes (rather than the absolute high or low temperatures reached), providing a possible explanation for this pattern. Offshore-origin corals exhibited significant growth reductions at sites with greater daily temperature ranges, which explained up to 39% of the variation in their mass gain. In contrast, daily temperature range explained at most 9% of growth variation in inshore-origin corals, suggesting that inshore corals are more tolerant of high-frequency temperature fluctuations. Finally, corals incur trade-offs when specializing to their native reef. Across reef locations the coefficient of selection against coral transplants was 0.07 ± 0.02 (mean ± SE). This selection against immigrants could hinder the ability of corals to recolonize devastated reefs, whether through assisted migration efforts or natural recruitment events, providing a unifying explanation for observed patterns of coral decline in this reef system.
Cholesterol synthesis inhibition promotes axonal regeneration in the injured central nervous system (2021)

Neuronal regeneration in the injured central nervous system is hampered by multiple extracellular proteins. These proteins exert their inhibitory action through interactions with receptors that are located in cholesterol rich compartments of the membrane termed lipid rafts. Here we show that cholesterol-synthesis inhibition prevents the association of the Neogenin receptor with lipid rafts. Furthermore, we show that cholesterol-synthesis inhibition enhances axonal growth both on inhibitory -myelin and -RGMa substrates. Following optic nerve injury, lowering cholesterol synthesis with both drugs and siRNA-strategies allows for robust axonal regeneration and promotes neuronal survival. Cholesterol inhibition also enhanced photoreceptor survival in a model of Retinitis Pigmentosa. Our data reveal that Lovastatin leads to several opposing effects on regenerating axons: cholesterol synthesis inhibition promotes regeneration whereas altered prenylation impairs regeneration. We also show that the lactone prodrug form of lovastatin has differing effects on regeneration when compared to the ring-open hydroxy-acid form. Thus the association of cell surface receptors with lipid rafts contributes to axonal regeneration inhibition, and blocking cholesterol synthesis provides a potential therapeutic approach to promote neuronal regeneration and survival in the diseased Central Nervous System. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Statins have been intensively used to treat high levels of cholesterol in humans. However, the effect of cholesterol inhibition in both the healthy and the diseased brain remains controversial. In particular, it is unclear whether cholesterol inhibition with statins can promote regeneration and survival following injuries. Here we show that late stage cholesterol inhibition promotes robust axonal regeneration following optic nerve injury. We identified distinct mechanisms of action for activated vs non-activated Lovastatin that may account for discrepancies found in the literature. We show that late stage cholesterol synthesis inhibition alters Neogenin association with lipid rafts, thereby i) neutralizing the inhibitory function of its ligand and ii) offering a novel opportunity to promote CNS regeneration and survival following injuries.
Combination therapy of radiofrequency ablation and bevacizumab monitored with power Doppler ultrasound in a murine model of hepatocellular carcinoma (2012)

Quantitative power Doppler ultrasound is a useful biomarker to monitor tumour blood flow following antiangiogenic treatment and to guide the application of RF ablation as a drug plus device combination therapy.
Reversible Stretching of a Polymer-Supported Cobalt-Chelate Film in Response to Oxygen (1999)

Abstract The polymer-supported N,N′-di(salicylidene)ethylenediaminatocobalt(II) [Co(salen)] took up oxygen through 2/1 Co/dioxygen adduct formation. The composite film of the polymer-supported [Co(salen)] and polymer layers reversibly bent under an oxygen and nitrogen atmosphere. The stretching was caused by a structural change in the [Co(salen)] crystal before and after the oxygen-binding, which was analyzed based on the near-IR spectral and density change as well as EXAFS.
6.3 105×65mm2 391Mpixel CMOS image sensor with >78dB dynamic range for airborne mapping applications (2016)

In today's airborne mapping applications, there is a strong push towards higher-resolution sensors for high-end digital systems. This large-format sensor development aims to reduce the data acquisition (flight) time and cost, leading to higher productivity for the end-user. Due to the increased sensor resolution, these new systems allow higher flight altitude for the same ground sampling distance (GSD), thereby covering substantially larger swath width (distance covered across track during flight). Alternatively, at similar altitude, the system will deliver higher ground resolution. The described sensor exceeds the highest pixel count of sensors used for aerial mapping applications reported in a recent survey paper [1].
Altered eosinophil profile in mice with ST6Gal-1 deficiency: an additional role for ST6Gal-1 generated by the P1 promoter in regulating allergic inflammation (2009)

Cumulative evidence indicates that the sialyltransferase ST6Gal-1 and the sialyl-glycans, which it constructs, are functionally pleiotropic. Expression of the ST6Gal-1 gene is mediated by six distinct promoter/regulatory regions, and we hypothesized that these promoters may be used differentially to produce ST6Gal-1 for different biologic purposes. To examine this hypothesis, we compared a mouse with a complete deficiency in ST6Gal-1 (Siat1 null) with another mouse that we have created previously with a disruption only in the P1 promoter (Siat1DeltaP1). We noted previously greater neutrophilic inflammation associated with ST6Gal-1 deficiency. Here, we report that ST6Gal-1-deficient mice also have significantly elevated eosinophilic responses. Upon i.p. thioglycollate elicitation, eosinophils accounted for over 20% of the total peritoneal inflammatory cell pool in ST6Gal-1-deficient animals, which was threefold greater than in corresponding wild-type animals. A principal feature of allergic respiratory inflammation is pulmonary eosinophilia, we evaluated the role of ST6Gal-1 in allergic lung inflammation. Using OVA and ABPA experimental models of allergic airways, we showed that ST6Gal-1 deficiency led to greater airway inflammation characterized by excessive airway eosinophilia. The severity of airway inflammation was similar between Siat1DeltaP1 and Siat1 null mice, indicating a role for P1-generated ST6Gal-1 in regulating eosinophilic inflammation. Colony-forming assays suggested greater IL-5-dependent eosinophil progenitor numbers in the marrow of ST6Gal-1-deficient animals. Moreover, allergen provocation of wild-type mice led to a significant reduction in P1-mediated ST6Gal-1 mRNA and accompanied decline in circulatory ST6Gal-1 levels. Taken together, the data implicate ST6Gal-1 as a participant in regulating not only Th1 but also Th2 responses, and ST6Gal-1 deficiency can lead to the development of more severe allergic inflammation with excessive eosinophil production.
Distributed real time signal processing for cellular and paging traffic analysis, fraud detection, and intelligent wireless network control (2002)

The control language and common data interface for a real-time digital signal processing (DSP) receiver are described. A low level serial interface standard for the DSP receiver is described, and techniques which allow multiple DSP receivers to be remotely controlled by a single controller are discussed. This arrangement of remote receivers can be configured to measure and respond to real-time multiple-channel traffic on cellular and paging channels for market studies, adaptive RF coverage and control, fraud detection and abatement, and law enforcement applications. With a standardized control language, the receiver system described can be used for a wide range of custom applications for cellular, paging, and personal communication network measurement and control.
Reverse Transfer Learning: Can Word Embeddings Trained for Different NLP\n Tasks Improve Neural Language Models? (2019)

Natural language processing (NLP) tasks tend to suffer from a paucity of\nsuitably annotated training data, hence the recent success of transfer learning\nacross a wide variety of them. The typical recipe involves: (i) training a\ndeep, possibly bidirectional, neural network with an objective related to\nlanguage modeling, for which training data is plentiful; and (ii) using the\ntrained network to derive contextual representations that are far richer than\nstandard linear word embeddings such as word2vec, and thus result in important\ngains. In this work, we wonder whether the opposite perspective is also true:\ncan contextual representations trained for different NLP tasks improve language\nmodeling itself? Since language models (LMs) are predominantly locally\noptimized, other NLP tasks may help them make better predictions based on the\nentire semantic fabric of a document. We test the performance of several types\nof pre-trained embeddings in neural LMs, and we investigate whether it is\npossible to make the LM more aware of global semantic information through\nembeddings pre-trained with a domain classification model. Initial experiments\nsuggest that as long as the proper objective criterion is used during training,\npre-trained embeddings are likely to be beneficial for neural language\nmodeling.\n
CMOS transconductor VCO with adjustableoperating and centre frequencies (1995)

A novel monolithic VCO using a transconductance architecture and with adjustable operating and centre frequencies is presented. Oscillating frequencies from &lt;1 Hz to &gt;50 MHz were attained with external capacitors. Power dissipation from a 5 V supply was 150 mW driving a 20 pF load. The die size was 400 × 1500 µm2 and was fabricated using a 2 µm n-well double-metal CMOS process.
Foreword (2015)

Welcome to VTS 2015, the thirty third in a series of annual symposia that focus on innovation in the field of testing of integrated circuits and systems.
Molecular imaging of Bcr-Abl phosphokinase in a xenograft model (2009)

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase can be assessed by gamma-imaging using an 111In-labeled anti-phosphotyrosine (APT) antibody, and if the response to treatment with imatinib could be detected using this imaging technique. APT antibody was labeled with 111In using ethylenedicysteine (EC) as a chelator. To determine if 111In-EC-APT could assess a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase, xenografts of the human chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line K562 were used. gamma-Scintigraphy of the tumor-bearing mice, before and after imatinib treatment, was obtained 1, 24, and 48 h after they were given 111In-EC-APT (100 microCi/mouse i.v.). 111In-EC-APT is preferentially taken up by Bcr-Abl-bearing tumor cells when compared with 111In-EC-BSA or 111In-EC-IgG1 controls and comparable with the level of uptake of 111In-EC-Bcr-Abl. Imatinib treatment resulted in decreased expression of phospho-Bcr-Abl by Western blot analysis, which correlated with early (4 days after starting imatinib) kinase down-regulation as assessed by imaging using 111In-EC-APT. The optimal time to imaging was 24 and 48 h after injection of 111In-EC-APT. Although tumor regression was insignificant on day 4 after starting imatinib treatment, it was marked by day 14. 111In-EC-APT can assess intracellular phosphokinase activity, and down-regulation of phosphokinase activity predates tumor regression. This technique may therefore be useful in the clinic to detect the presence of phosphokinase activity and for early prediction of response.
Hydrogenation of SRC with anthracene oil as a solvent. Activities of Ni-Mo and Co-Mo catalysts. (1985)

石炭液化生成物の水素化に対する種々な触媒の活性を検討するため, 代表的なNi-MoおよびCo-Mo系の市販触媒それぞれ一種を選び, SRCと水素化アントラセン油の混合油の水素化を固定床の流通式反応装置を用いて行い, それぞれの活性を比較検討した。一般にNi-Mo触媒が, 水素化および分解反応に対してCo-Moより高い活性を示したが, 脱硫反応に対しては, 硫化処理をしたCo-Mo触媒が高くかつ安定した活性を示した。Co-Mo触媒の活性が全体的に低い原因は, この触媒の持つミクロポアが炭素の析出により閉そくする結果であると判断した。どちらの触媒も例外なく, 高い硫化状態で高い活性を示したが, Ni-Mo触媒は硫化状態を低下しやすいことがわかった。