gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
“Writing with music” (2008)

We investigate the use of auditory feedback in pen-gesture interfaces in a series of informal and formal experiments. Initial iterative exploration showed that gaining performance advantage with auditory feedback was possible using absolute cues and state feedback after the gesture was produced and recognized. However, gaining learning or performance advantage from auditory feedback tightly coupled with the pen-gesture articulation and recognition process was more difficult. To establish a systematic baseline, Experiment 1 formally evaluated gesture production accuracy as a function of auditory and visual feedback. Size of gestures and the aperture of the closed gestures were influenced by the visual or auditory feedback, while other measures such as shape distance and directional difference were not, supporting the theory that feedback is too slow to strongly influence the production of pen stroke gestures. Experiment 2 focused on the subjective aspects of auditory feedback in pen-gesture interfaces. Participants' rating on the dimensions of being wonderful and stimulating was significantly higher with musical auditory feedback. Several lessons regarding pen gestures and auditory feedback are drawn from our exploration: a few simple functions such as indicating the pen-gesture recognition results can be achieved, gaining performance and learning advantage through tightly coupled process-based auditory feedback is difficult, pen-gesture sets and their recognizers can be designed to minimize visual dependence, and people's subjective experience of gesture interaction can be influenced using musical auditory feedback. These lessons may serve as references and stepping stones toward future research and development in pen-gesture interfaces with auditory feedback.
Interaction of Deoxyhemoglobin with the Cytoplasmic Domain of Murine Erythrocyte Band 3 (2012)

The partial pressure of oxygen constitutes an important factor in the regulation of human erythrocyte physiology, including control of cell volume, membrane structure, and glucose metabolism. Because band 3 is thought to be involved in all three processes and because binding of hemoglobin (Hb) to the cytoplasmic domain of band 3 (cdb3) is strongly oxygen-dependent, the possibility that the reversible association of deoxyhemoglobin (deoxyHb) with cdb3 might constitute an O(2)-dependent sensor that mediates O(2)-regulated changes in erythrocyte properties arises. While several lines of evidence support this hypothesis, a major opposing argument lies in the fact that the deoxyHb binding sequence on human cdb3 is not conserved. Moreover, no effect of O(2) pressure on Hb-band 3 interactions has ever been demonstrated in another species. To explore whether band 3-Hb interactions might be widely involved in O(2)-dependent regulation of erythrocyte physiology, we undertook characterization of the effect of O(2) on band 3-Hb interactions in the mouse. We report here that murine band 3 binds deoxyHb with significantly greater affinity than oxyHb, despite the lack of significant homology within the deoxyHb binding sequence. We further map the deoxyHb binding site on murine band 3 and show that deletion of the site eliminates deoxyHb binding. Finally, we identify mutations in murine cdb3 that either enhance or eliminate its affinity for murine deoxyHb. These data demonstrate that despite a lack of homology in the sequences of both murine band 3 and murine Hb, a strong oxygen-dependent association of the two proteins has been conserved.
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic study of the ability to monofunctionalize polymer surfaces by low energy atomic bombardment (1998)

Low energy atomic bombardment is designed to limit the potentially reactive species to the atoms which are present in a radiofrequency (r.f.) plasma discharge. This might give the ability to monofunctionalize surfaces for specific applications such as biocompatibility. Bombardment of polystyrene and poly(trans)isoprene with nitrogen atoms does not result in the incorporation of any heteroatoms at the polymer surface. Other attempts were made on poly(acrylic acid) and poly(methyl methacrylate) without any results, even though the samples had been activated by argon ion bombardment; the thermalized atoms seem to have insufficient energy to functionalize these polymers. In contrast, ion bombardment performed with low energy nitrogen ions (500–1500eV) is able to incorporate a majority of amine functions. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry.
In Vivo Wound-Healing Activity of Oleanolic Acid Derived from the Acid Hydrolysis of Anredera diffusa (2006)

Anredera diffusa is used as a wound-healing agent in traditional Peruvian medicine. Acid hydrolysis of the bioactive ethanolic extract, followed by in vivo activity-guided fractionation, yielded oleanolic acid, with a wound-healing activity equivalent to 42.9% (p < 0.01) above the control. The highest cicatrizant activity in mice was obtained by applying 40 microg of oleanolic acid per gram of body weight.
Exosomes secreted from mesenchymal NSCLC cells to promote invasiveness and metastatic capability of recipient cells through UCHL1. (2018)

e24008 Background: Cancer-derived exosomes are intracellular signaling organelles that can act to help cancer cells invade neighboring tissues, induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in target cells, and prime metastatic sites for disease spread. Here we show that uptake of mesenchymal non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-derived exosomes mediates phenotypic alterations in both immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC) and epithelial NSCLC cells, and how exosome-mediated cellular communication drives EMT programs. Methods: Exosomes isolated from lung mesenchymal NSCLC cell lines (H1299, A549, H2073), an epithelial NSCLC cell line (H1993), and immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC-3KT, 30KT) were characterized. We examined the effects of mesenchymal NSCLC-derived exosomes on EMT phenotypic changes of HBECs and H1993 and their influence on metastasis in murine models. Mass spectrometry was performed to identify candidate proteins carried in tumor exosomes that induce phenotypic changes in recipient cells. Results: Mesenchymal NSCLC-derived exosomes transferred functional EMT-related proteins and transcriptional factors (vimentin, ZEB, SNAIL, TWIST) to epithelial cells in amounts sufficient to mediate the phenotypic alterations. Mass spectrometric quantitative expression of exosomes identified that ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) was widely shown only in mesenchymal NSCLCs and their exosomes in both protein and RNA expression. The treatment of mesenchymal NSCLC-derived exosomes carried exogenous UCHL1 overexpression in target HBECs. UCHL1 knockdown of mesenchymal NSCLC cells reduced migration and invasion as well as suppressed pulmonary metastases that had been driven by cancer-derived exosomes, which led to the overexpression of UCHL1 in colonized pulmonary tumors. Conclusions: The initiation of EMT process followed by the interplay between tumor cells and the surrounding microenvironment via mesenchymal NSCLC-derived exosomes that carry a selection of EMT factors and UCHL1 is, at least in part, responsible for promoting lung cancer invasion and metastasis.
Preparation and Binding Affinity of New Porphyrin Host Molecule for Ubiquinone Analogues (1994)

Abstract αααα-meso-Tetra(7-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)porphyrin (1) is prepared as a host molecule for ubiquinone analogue, 2,3,5,6-tetramethoxy-p-benzoquinone (2). The affinity and thermodynamic aspects in porphyrin 1- quinone 2 pairing were determined by titrimetric measurement of electronic absorption and fluorescence spectra. The binding constant of 1 for 2 at 298 K is obtained; Ka = 7.9 × 102 M−1 in toluene. The fashion of this porphyrin-quinone pairing was large different from that of previous host, αααα-meso-tetra(2-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)porphyrin (3), -quinone 2 pairing.
Tertiary Structure of Membrane Proteins Determined By Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (2018)

Most studies suggest that the transmembrane segments have appreciable a helical structures with helices oriented perpendicular to the membrane surface. Although the extramembranous portion of several other membrane-associated proteins have been solved to high resolution, structural information for proteins which have a large fraction of their mass intimately associated with the lipid bilayer is at too low a level of resolution to identify individual amino acids. Resonance energy transfer (RET), in contrast, is well-understood and can, therefore, be used to localize membrane protein regions to high resolution. RET methods applied to the study of membrane protein structure are generally of two types. In the first, the protein is labeled with covalent probes and therefore transfer is measured between discrete donor-acceptor pairs. In the second, RET is measured between an intrinsic donor or acceptor and a complementary chromophore which forms a noncovalent association with the membrane, usually a lipid probe.
Innovative nanocellulose process breaks the cost barrier (2014)

American Process Inc.’s patented AVAP® technology offers commercial-scale production of nanocellulose with flexibility in final product morphology and surface properties (hydrophilic or hydrophobic) that can service the wide variety of emerging end-use market segments. The novel hydrophobic lignin-coated variety of AVAP nanocellulose can be incorporated into plastics. This achievement overcomes a well-known barrier to commercial utilization of nanocellulose. Furthermore, AVAP nanocellulose is anticipated to be cost competitive with petroleum based polymers as well as polymer additives. This breakthrough technology can help achieve the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s future global market size estimate for nanocellulose.
Morphology of a highly asymmetric double crystallizable poly(ε-caprolactone-b-ethylene oxide) block copolymer (2007)

The morphology of a highly asymmetric double crystallizable poly(epsilon-caprolactone-b-ethylene oxide) (PCL-b-PEO) block copolymer has been studied with in situ simultaneously small and wide-angle x-ray scattering as well as atomic force microscopy. The molecular masses Mn of the PCL and PEO blocks are 24,000 and 5800, respectively. X-ray scattering and rheological measurements indicate that no microphase separation occurs in the melt. Decreasing the temperature simultaneously triggers off a crystallization of PCL and microphase separation between the PCL and PEO blocks. Coupling and competition between microphase separation and crystallization results in a morphology of PEO spheres surrounded by PCL partially crystallized in lamella. Further decreasing temperature induces the crystallization of PEO spheres, which have a preferred orientation due to the confinements from hard PCL crystalline lamella and from soft amorphous PCL segments in different sides. The final morphology of this highly asymmetric block copolymer is similar to the granular morphology reported for syndiotactic polypropylene and other (co-) polymers. This implies a similar underlying mechanism of coupling and competition of various phase transitions, which is worth further exploration.
A New Era in Cancer Immunotherapy: Discovering Novel Targets and Reprogramming the Immune System (2015)

Within the past two decades, researchers and physicians have witnessed the most impressive flourishing of studies aimed at understanding how the immune system interacts with cancer during its progr...
Malarial Kinases: Novel Targets for In Silico Approaches to Drug Discovery (2013)

Malaria, the disease caused by infection with protozoan parasites from the genus Plasmodium, claims the lives of nearly 1 million people annually. Developing nations, particularly in the African Region, bear the brunt of this malaria burden. Alarmingly, the most dangerous etiologic agent of malaria, Plasmodium falciparum, is becoming increasingly resistant to current first-line antimalarials. In light of the widespread devastation caused by malaria, the emergence of drug-resistant P. falciparum strains, and the projected decrease in funding for malaria eradication that may occur over the next decade, the identification of promising new targets for antimalarial drug design is imperative. P. falciparum kinases have been proposed as ideal drug targets for antimalarial drug design because they mediate critical cellular processes within the parasite and are, in many cases, structurally and mechanistically divergent when compared with kinases from humans. Identifying a molecule capable of inhibiting the activity of a target enzyme is generally an arduous and expensive process that can be greatly aided by utilizing in silico drug design techniques. Such methods have been extensively applied to human kinases, but as yet have not been fully exploited for the exploration and characterization of antimalarial kinase targets. This review focuses on in silico methods that have been used for the evaluation of potential antimalarials and the Plasmodium kinases that could be explored using these techniques.
Multilevel Antimicrobial Filter for Bioaerosol Capture and Disinfection (2013)

Filtration is effective in removing airborne particulates and microorganisms (i.e., bioaerosols). However, microorganisms captured on the filter media can remain viable for long period of time and could contribute to secondary pollution through emission of microbial VOCs and spores. Microbial growth on filter can also occur under specific conditions increasing the risk of air recontamination by pathogens. This work investigates a multilevel antimicrobial coating for air filtration media based that exhibits “contact-killing”, “release-killing” and “anti-adhesion” properties. The coatings remain stable at elevated temperatures and can maintain a log 2.5 reduction in viable bacteria in 10 minutes over a period of at least 1 year. Organic-inorganic hybrid encapsulant was used to store and control the release of volatile biocide (i.e., chlorine dioxide). The biocide capsules are formed upon spray-deposition on the surface of the fibrous filter forming a uniform surface deposition without affecting the filtration properties. The capsule surface was decorated with contact killing biocides and the encapsulant formulation incorporate anti-adhesion component that prevents biofilm formation. Spectroscopic evidence along with biological assays indicated that the antimicrobial mechanism is predominantly through ROS route with cell membrane peroxidation being the primary cause of cell inactivation. Catalytic process is believed to play an ancillary role in the ROS generation.
HIGHLY ACTIVE Ag/C ELECTRODE FOR OXYGEN DEPOLARIZED CHLOR-ALKALI ELECTROLYTIC CELL (1981)

Abstract The polytetrafluoroethylene-bonded carbon electrode on which silver was loaded by “ion exchange method” gave 300 mA/cm2 at −0.12 V (vs. Hg/HgO) for the reduction of oxygen in 9 mol/dm3 NaOH at 80 °C, and it may be useful for the oxygen depolarized chlor-alkali electrolytic cell. The high activity of the electrode was found to come from the fine dispersion of silver and the oxidation-treatment of carbon surface.
TABLE 1 from Phase I Trial of Autologous RNA-electroporated cMET-directed CAR T Cells Administered Intravenously in Patients with Melanoma and Breast Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Patient population&lt;/p&gt;
Optimized Spectrum Constrained Crest Factor Reduction Technique Using Polynomials (2015)

This paper proposes a new peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction technique using a polynomial soft clipping function identified through a nonlinear constrained optimization. The power efficiency optimization problem of a linearized power amplifier can be considered as the minimization of the PAPR constrained by meeting the spectral mask requirements of the signal standard. It is demonstrated that the proposed approach can reduce the PAPR from 9.9 to 5.5 dB while meeting the spectral mask of the wideband code-division multiple-access standard. To compare the results with the traditional clipping and filtering method, the 5.5-dB PAPR clipped signal using the clipping and filtering technique was compared with the soft clipped signal. With the same efficiency, the error vector magnitude (EVM) for the soft clipped signal improved from 4.5% to 1.3% using post-compensation. Later, clipping and filtering are combined with the soft clipping technique. It is shown that the combined structure can reduce the PAPR to 3.4 dB while passing the adjacent channel power ratio and EVM requirements. The performance of the proposed method in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise and fading channels has been evaluated for 64QAM modulations using orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing modulated symbols.
Structure and DNA binding activity of analogs of 1,5-bis(4-amidinophenoxy)pentane (pentamidine). [Erratum to document cited in CA116(9):75694b] (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure and DNA binding activity of analogs of 1,5-bis(4-amidinophenoxy)pentane (pentamidine). [Erratum to document cited in CA116(9):75694b]Michael Cory, Richard R. Tidwell, and Terri A. FairleyCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1992, 35, 25, 4767Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00103a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00103a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views50Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Estimation of Performance Improvement Derived from TCP/IP Offload Engine with Software Emulation (2013)

Many TOE (TCP/IP Offload Engine) devices have been developed and installed in high-end systems.Â Although there have been many analysis of the effectiveness of TOE devices, there remain open issues related to them.Â For example, it has not been clarified which part of TCP/IP processing should be performed with hardware and which with software, or how end-to-end TCP/IP performance is affected by the introduction of a TOE device.Â In this paper, we propose VOSE (Virtual Offloading with Software Emulation), which is a technique for measuring TCP/IP performance improvements derived from different type of TOE devices without implementing TOE prototypes really.Â VOSE enables virtual offloading without requiring a hardware TOE device by virtually emulating TOE processing on both source and destination end hosts.Â For demonstrating the effectiveness of VOSE, we apply VOSE to the TCP checksum and IPsec protocol.Â We extensively examine the accuracy of virtual offloading with VOSE, by comparing performance (i.e., end-to-end performance and CPU processing overhead) between VOSE and a dedicated TOE device.Â Moreover, we estimate performance improvement that are derived from several TOE devices of IPsec and combinations of those devices, by applying VOSE to header authenticating and payload encryption in IPsec protocol.Â Consequently, we show that performance improvements which are derived from TOE devices can be estimated correctly.
Effects of Fluvastatin on Leukocyte–Endothelial Cell Adhesion in Hypercholesterolemic Rats (1997)

Abstract The overall objective of this study was to determine whether peroral treatment with the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor fluvastatin influences the leukocyte–endothelial cell adhesion (LECA) observed in postcapillary venules of hypercholesterolemic rats. Rats were fed either normal chow or a chow supplemented with 1% cholesterol for 10 days. Leukocyte adherence and extravasation, leukocyte rolling velocity, red blood cell velocity, and vessel diameter were monitored in mesenteric venules superfused with either 100 nmol/L platelet-activating factor (PAF) or 20 nmol/L leukotriene B 4 (LTB 4 ). Hypercholesterolemic rats exhibited an exaggerated LECA response compared with their normocholesterolemic counterparts. In hypercholesterolemic rats, treatment with fluvastatin significantly attenuated the leukocyte-adherence responses to PAF and LTB 4 as well as the leukocyte emigration response to LTB 4 . Fluvastatin treatment also inhibited the PAF- and LTB 4 -induced reductions in leukocyte rolling velocity. These findings indicate that fluvastatin blunts the inflammatory responses elicited in postcapillary venules by lipid mediators.
Hi-C: A Method to Study the Three-dimensional Architecture of Genomes. (2010)

The three-dimensional folding of chromosomes compartmentalizes the genome and and can bring distant functional elements, such as promoters and enhancers, into close spatial proximity 2-6. Deciphering the relationship between chromosome organization and genome activity will aid in understanding genomic processes, like transcription and replication. However, little is known about how chromosomes fold. Microscopy is unable to distinguish large numbers of loci simultaneously or at high resolution. To date, the detection of chromosomal interactions using chromosome conformation capture (3C) and its subsequent adaptations required the choice of a set of target loci, making genome-wide studies impossible 7-10. We developed Hi-C, an extension of 3C that is capable of identifying long range interactions in an unbiased, genome-wide fashion. In Hi-C, cells are fixed with formaldehyde, causing interacting loci to be bound to one another by means of covalent DNA-protein cross-links. When the DNA is subsequently fragmented with a restriction enzyme, these loci remain linked. A biotinylated residue is incorporated as the 5' overhangs are filled in. Next, blunt-end ligation is performed under dilute conditions that favor ligation events between cross-linked DNA fragments. This results in a genome-wide library of ligation products, corresponding to pairs of fragments that were originally in close proximity to each other in the nucleus. Each ligation product is marked with biotin at the site of the junction. The library is sheared, and the junctions are pulled-down with streptavidin beads. The purified junctions can subsequently be analyzed using a high-throughput sequencer, resulting in a catalog of interacting fragments. Direct analysis of the resulting contact matrix reveals numerous features of genomic organization, such as the presence of chromosome territories and the preferential association of small gene-rich chromosomes. Correlation analysis can be applied to the contact matrix, demonstrating that the human genome is segregated into two compartments: a less densely packed compartment containing open, accessible, and active chromatin and a more dense compartment containing closed, inaccessible, and inactive chromatin regions. Finally, ensemble analysis of the contact matrix, coupled with theoretical derivations and computational simulations, revealed that at the megabase scale Hi-C reveals features consistent with a fractal globule conformation.
The Research and Development Project (1996)

The prelims comprise: The process of research and development The innovation process The evaluation of a project The comparison of the company's own projects The selection of main R&D areas, goals and strategies