gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stable nebulization and muco‐trapping properties of regdanvimab/ IN ‐006 support its development as a potent, dose‐saving inhaled therapy for COVID ‐19 (2022)

The respiratory tract represents the key target for antiviral delivery in early interventions to prevent severe COVID-19. While neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAb) possess considerable efficacy, their current reliance on parenteral dosing necessitates very large doses and places a substantial burden on the healthcare system. In contrast, direct inhaled delivery of mAb therapeutics offers the convenience of self-dosing at home, as well as much more efficient mAb delivery to the respiratory tract. Here, building on our previous discovery of Fc-mucin interactions crosslinking viruses to mucins, we showed that regdanvimab, a potent neutralizing mAb already approved for COVID-19 in several countries, can effectively trap SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particles in fresh human airway mucus. IN-006, a reformulation of regdanvimab, was stably nebulized across a wide range of concentrations, with no loss of activity and no formation of aggregates. Finally, nebulized delivery of IN-006 resulted in 100-fold greater mAb levels in the lungs of rats compared to serum, in marked contrast to intravenously dosed mAbs. These results not only support our current efforts to evaluate the safety and efficacy of IN-006 in clinical trials, but more broadly substantiate nebulized delivery of human antiviral mAbs as a new paradigm in treating SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathologies.
Multiplexing of heterogeneous VBR connections over a VBR trunk (1997)

We analyse the performance of the multiplexing of heterogenous VBR connections over a VBR trunk.
Antibiotics and Cell - Mediated Immunity in Fish - in Vitro Study (1998)

home Acta Veterinaria Brno Journal of the University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Czech Republic Search:
Adaptive Control Using Machine Learning for Distributed Storage in Microgrids (2020)

The falling costs of solar photovoltaic systems and energy storage mean that these are being increasingly deployed in microgrids across the globe. Distributed storage can provide benefits for its owner, but can also play a key role in improving microgrid stability and resilience. However, most approaches to date assume that a central authority can control multiple nodes or households in the network. This introduces significant communication and control requirements, and may introduce points of failure. In this work we provide an initial exploration of how a machine learning model, trained on optimal control solutions, can be used locally at each node in the network to emulate a similar behaviour. The aim is for the trained model to provide benefits both for the individual energy storage owners, while also enabling community-level cooperative behaviour - all in a low communication-overhead, privacy-preserving manner. It is experimentally shown that a neural network trained on limited data from optimal schedules can learn node interactions and network characteristics, and can achieve partial voltage regulation for the entire microgrid. This can be done while still achieving a small (3%) network-wide cost savings compared to a scenario in which no distributed storage is present, can be implemented only locally, and does not introduce any significant requirements for central control and communication.
Palatability Evaluation for Cooked Rice by a Visible and Near Infrared Spectroscopy. (2000)

米飯の官能評価は人によりまちまちの傾向があり,それを数値化することは,長い間難問とされてきた.今回は測定器でどの程度,米飯の官能評価の外観,香り,味,粘り,硬さ,総合評価と合致させることができるか検討してみた.その結果,官能評価値の総合評価比較で相関係数が0.84程度と高い値が得られた.その他の官能評価値についても0.70∼0.82と高い相関が得られることが判明した.このことで,米の一般評価において客観的評価法として十分利用できることが判明した.官能評価は,パネラーのバラつき及び体調,好みなどに影響を受け,評価が一定しにくいものである.この装置を利用して米飯の評価を行えば,相当精度の高い判定ができる確証が得られたので今後有効に利用して行きたい.また今後判定が難しい香り,硬さの項目も加えた総合的な評価方法の確立をめざし,より精度の高いシステムの開発を進めていく予定である.
Trends in artificial intelligence in nursing: Impacts on nursing management (2022)

This study provides scholars and nursing managers with structured information regarding the use of AI in nursing based on scientific and technological developments across different fields and institutions. The application of AI can improve nursing management, nursing quality, safety management and team communication, as well as encourage future international collaboration.
A General Purpose Chipset For Speech Recognition (2005)

A high performance, flexible, low cost chipset for automatic speech recognition is presented which can be incorporated in a large range of consumer products. The chipset recognizes isolated words in speakerdependent mode. It implements a robust, modified, two stage DTW algorithm, achieving a recognition rate above 99%, when tested with a 10 words vocabulary in an office environment. This result is obtained using only two user trained templates per word. For enabling user-friendly man-machine interface, speech compression and synthesis are also performed by the chipset.
Effect of the Carbonization on the LiFePO4 Particles of Positive Electrode for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries (2014)

In addition of the poor intrinsic conductivity of LiFePO 4 particle, surface effects become increasingly important, and can eventually dominate the physical and the chemical properties when the size decreases below 100 nm. Carbon coating appeared to overcome the drawback of highly resistive LiFePO 4 powders and to cure the disordered surface layer that reduces the electrochemical performance of non-coated sample. Here, we analyze the effect of the carbon coating on the LiFePO 4 particles that meets a worldwide success as a positive electrode for commercial Li-ion batteries.
Formant onset duration: A secondary cue for identifying the place of articulation in stop consonants (1988)

Formant onset duration (FOD) is suggested as a possible alternative to voice onset time (VOT), to characterize the place of articulation in stop consonants. The FOD is defined as the duration from the start of the burst (denoting consonantal release) to the start of the formant structure (denoting vowel onset). In many languages, VOT is the most salient cue distinguishing between voiced and voiceless stop phonemes. Although VOT has been shown to increase in duration from bilabials to alveolars to velars [Lisker and Abramson, Word 20; Zue, Tech. Rep. 523, MIT], attempts to use VOT as a cue to place of articulation [Kewley-Port, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 73, 322–335 (1983)] were not successful. In a recent study of stop consonants using the partially smoothed Wigner distribution [Garudadri et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Suppl. 1 82, S55 (1987)], FOD and F2 of the following vowel were used along with the spectral shape during the burst, to resolve context dependencies due to coarticulation effects. The FOD increases from bilabials to alveolars to velars and appears to be related to the inertia of the articulators. Unlike VOT, FOD is always positive and corresponds to the vocal tract rather than the source of excitation. Evidence from English, Telugu, and French stop consonants supporting these ideas is presented. [Work supported in part by NSERC, Canada.]
Evidence for a shape-based recognition of odorants in vivo in the human nose from an analysis of the molecular mechanism of lily-of-the-valley odorants detection in the Lilial and Bourgeonal family using the C/Si/Ge/Sn switch strategy (2017)

We performed an analysis of possible mechanisms of ligand recognition in the human nose. The analysis is based on in vivo odor threshold determination and in vitro Ca2+ imaging assays with a C/Si/Ge/Sn switch strategy applied to the compounds Lilial and Bourgeonal, to differentiate between different molecular mechanisms of odorant detection. Our results suggest that odorant detection under threshold conditions is mainly based on the molecular shape, i.e. the van der Waals surface, and electrostatics of the odorants. Furthermore, we show that a single olfactory receptor type is responsible for odor detection of Bourgeonal at the threshold level in humans in vivo. Carrying out a QM analysis of vibrational energies contained in the odorants, there is no evidence for a vibration-based recognition.
(Invited) In-Situ X-Ray Structural Characterization of Water-Splitting Catalysts in Artificial Photosynthesis (2016)

Resolution of structures and structural dynamics for catalysts at active electrode interfaces is necessary to resolve mechanisms for function and assembly in solar fuels applications. We have been developing porous, high-surface area, low X-ray background, 3-D electrodes for interfacial structural analysis of molecular and amorphous metal oxide water-splitting catalysts using X-ray scattering and atomic pair distribution function (PDF) analysis. We demonstrate the opportunity to use ALD-ITO coated microchannel plates and other micro- to nano-porous substrates for characterization of domain structures for amorphous metal oxides water-oxidation catalysts used in artificial leaf assemblies. This presentation will compare domain structures resolved for amorphous cobalt oxide films formed electrolytically as a function of ligand and electrolyte anion variation. For cobalt oxide catalysts, the results show that phosphate is unique in restricting domain size to small, single-layer domains where defects and edge distortions can be resolved. The results show that catalytic currents for do not scale with the domain edge content in the cobaltate films, which are the presumed sites for water oxidation catalysis, but instead track the extend of domain layering and conductivity properties of the films. These results support the view that overall catalytic activity in amorphous cobaltate thin films is determined by the charge accumulation and transport properties. We have extended these techniques demonstrate the opportunity to measure PDF for homogeneous water oxidation catalysts. PDF measurements with 0.2 Å spatial resolution are found to be sufficient to resolve redox and catalytic state dependent changes in ligand structure. This work establishes a foundation for extending the X-ray PDF method for the analysis of atomic structure changes in molecular catalysts driven by excited-state, sequential single electron photo-chemistry.
Strong and ductile nanostructured Cu-carbon nanotube composite (2009)

Nanocrystalline carbon nanotube (CNT)—reinforced Cu composite (grain size &amp;lt;25 nm) with high strength and good ductility was developed. Pillar testing reveals that its strength and plastic strain could be as large as 1700 MPa and 29%, respectively. Compared with its counterpart made under the same condition, an addition of 1 wt % CNTs leads to a dramatic increase in strength, stiffness and toughness without a sacrifice in ductility. Microstructural analysis discloses that in the Cu matrix, CNTs could be distributed either at grain boundaries or inside grains and could inhibit dislocation nucleation and motion, resulting in an increase in the strength.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Synthesis of Spiroacetals via Alkylidenation of Ester Carbonyls with Metal Carbene Complexes. (1988)

Abstract The dibromoalkyl ethers (II) and (V) are treated with zinc and titanium tetrachloride to form intermediate carbene complexes which are directly coupled with the tetrahydropyranyloxy esters (I) to yield the enol ethers (III) or (VI).
Chemistry and Antitumor Activity of 9(R)-Dihydrotaxanes (1994)

The 9(R)-dihydrotaxanes are a new family of semisynthetic antitumor agents which show great promise as a second generation class of antimicrotubule agents. These compounds have increased water solubility and stability as compared to taxol and also exhibit excellent activity in tumor models. Other advantages of the 9(R)-hydroxyl group can be found in its use as an additional site for chemical modification towards the preparation of new derivatives. Furthermore, its effect on the surrounding functionalities allows for access to novel chemistry and ring systems from this taxane template.
Feature shape variation using scatterometry (2002)

We have studied the ability of ellipsometric spectroscopy to determine slight feature shape variations. In this paper, we show that an optical technique can be a sensitive technique to detect slight profile variations, especially at the top of the features. Simulated results as well as experimental results are presented. A sensitivity metrics, that is better suited to ellipsometric measurements than the conventional mean square error, is proposed. It is used to quantify the sensitivity to measure the feature shape of interest and to examine preferable experimental set-up. Computer simulations and ellipsometry signal libraries have been generated using a common rigorous electromagnetic modal approach (MMFE, Modal Method by Fourier Expansion). Experimental verification has been performed on resist features fabricated using DUV lithography. The ability and sensitivity to measure overhanging profiles such as notched polysilicon gates that are impossible to measure using top-down SEM is also mentioned.
Economic Reflections on Managing Web Service Using Semantics. (2005)

In Web Services Management different approaches are discussed. In this paper we analyse three options for Web Service Management: a) Web Services standards descriptions and tools (WS*), b) Semantic-supported and c) Automatic semantic Web Services Management. For the analysis of the differences we identify a number of use cases and investigate the information required for the management of Web Services. The three discussed options result in varying processes with considerable differences in the work efforts. As they involve different levels of investment which only repay on a number of similar WSapplications the discrimination between them is not straightforward. A number of factors must be included in the analysis. Based on the cost arguments and the actual status of standards we consider Semantic-supported management of Web Services to be the most promising option for near future.
LTE seamless mobility demonstrated with combined cell in a heterogeneous network (2013)

The increased demand on capacity in cellular networks calls for increased site density and heterogeneous networks. With unchanged mobility pattern this will increase the handover rate, the signaling load and the impact from handover on experienced user quality. An attractive solution to mitigate the handover impact is Combined Cell which combines area splitting gain with seamless mobility. In this paper seamless mobility is demonstrated by measurements from a trial with a LTE Combined Cell prototype in a full scale heterogeneous network deployment. The downlink spatial reuse capacity is assessed to be close to separate cell deployment already with release 10 of LTE.
Salt Links Dominate Affinity of Antibody HyHEL-5 for Lysozyme through Enthalpic Contributions (1999)

The binding of murine monoclonal antibody HyHEL-5 to lysozyme has been the subject of extensive crystallographic, computational, and experimental investigations. The complex of HyHEL-5 with hen egg lysozyme (HEL) features salt bridges between Fab heavy chain residue Glu(50), and Arg(45) and Arg(68) of HEL. This interaction has been predicted to play a dominant role in the association on the basis of molecular electrostatics calculations. The association of aspartic acid and glutamine mutants at position 50(H) of the cloned HyHEL-5 Fab with HEL and bobwhite quail lysozyme (BQL), an avian variant bearing an Arg(68) --> Lys substitution in the epitope, was characterized by isothermal titration calorimetry and sedimentation equilibrium. Affinities for HEL were reduced by 400-fold (E50(H)D) and 40,000-fold (E50(H)Q) (DeltaDeltaG degrees estimated at 4.0 and 6.4 kcal mol(-1), respectively). The same mutations reduce affinity for BQL by only 7- and 55-fold, respectively, indicating a reduced specificity for HEL. The loss of affinity upon mutation is in each case primarily due to an unfavorable change in the enthalpy of the interaction; the entropic contribution is virtually unchanged. An enthalpy-entropy compensation exists for each interaction; DeltaH degrees decreases, while DeltaS degrees increases with temperature. The DeltaCp for each mutant interaction is less negative than the wild-type. Mutant-cycle analysis suggests the mutations present in the HyHEL-5 Fab mutants are linked to those present in the BQL with coupling energies between 3 and 4 kcal mol(-1).
L’éradication du VIH en question (1997)

En un an, le traitement de l’infection par le VIH a fait des progres considerables. Plusieurs etudes, confirmant l’experience quotidienne des cliniciens, montrent que l’association de medicaments ayant pour cible les enzymes cles du metabolisme du virus (encadre 1), comme les inhibiteurs de la transcriptase inverse et de la protease, permet de reduire les viremies plasmatiques au-dessous du seuil de detection (200 a 500 copies d’ARN viral/ml de plasma) chez plus de 80 % des patients. Cet effet sur la multiplication virale se traduit par une modification profonde de l’histoire de l’infection telle que nous l’avions connue jusqu’a present. En effet, la qualite de vie et la survie des patients sont ameliorees et le risque des infections opportunistes est reduit de pres de 50 %. Ces resultats sont accompagnes, dans la presse scientifique internationale, d’ editoriaux [1-4] n’hesitant pas, pour la premiere fois dans l’histoire de cette infection, a associer dans la meme phrase « traitement de l’infection » par le VIH et « eradication definitive » du virus. Ces declarations reposent,en dehors des resultats cliniques, sur des avancees nouvelles dans la comprehension de la dynamique virale et du renouvellement des cellules infectees dans le sang et les ganglions des malades traites par la « triple therapie ».
Nonlinear optical properties of thin-film waveguides deposited onto semiconductor-doped glasses (1986)

We report the fabrication procedure and properties of optical nonlinear guided wave structures consisting of a thin film of Corning 7059 glass deposited on the surface of CdSxSe1−x doped glass. The limiting action in power-dependent prism coupling in the structures produced is described. The nonlinear prism coupling is used to evaluate both the sign and the steady-state value of the intensity-dependent refractive index of the substrate. For the glass used the nonlinearity is negative and its value is in the range of 10−10 m2/W.
Anthropometry-based structural design of a hand exoskeleton for rehabilitation (2016)

We propose a novel exoskeleton for grasping hand rehabilitation based on anthropometry. The proposed design has one degree of freedom (DOF) for each finger, yielding coordinated movement across the distal interphalangeal (DIP), proximal interphalangeal (PIP), and metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints for each finger. The dimension of each segment is determined by hand anthropometric data obtained from measurements. Each finger is controlled by one motor to allow for independent movement of each finger, which is fundamental for hand dexterity. The design was guided by a proposed mechanical model (the exo-finger model) which was verified by simulation and validated by the movement recorded by prototype fingers. It is concluded that, in the present study, anthropometry-based structural design provides a framework for the development of exoskeletal robotic devices.
‘Squeezing’ near-field thermal emission for ultra-efficient high-power thermophotovoltaic conversion (2016)

We numerically demonstrate near-field planar ThermoPhotoVoltaic systems with very high efficiency and output power, at large vacuum gaps. Example performances include: at 1200 °K emitter temperature, output power density 2 W/cm(2) with ~47% efficiency at 300 nm vacuum gap; at 2100 °K, 24 W/cm(2) with ~57% efficiency at 200 nm gap; and, at 3000 °K, 115 W/cm(2) with ~61% efficiency at 140 nm gap. Key to this striking performance is a novel photonic design forcing the emitter and cell single modes to cros resonantly couple and impedance-match just above the semiconductor bandgap, creating there a 'squeezed' narrowband near-field emission spectrum. Specifically, we employ surface-plasmon-polariton thermal emitters and silver-backed semiconductor-thin-film photovoltaic cells. The emitter planar plasmonic nature allows for high-power and stable high-temperature operation. Our simulations include modeling of free-carrier absorption in both cell electrodes and temperature dependence of the emitter properties. At high temperatures, the efficiency enhancement via resonant mode cross-coupling and matching can be extended to even higher power, by appropriately patterning the silver back electrode to enforce also an absorber effective surface-plasmon-polariton mode. Our proposed designs can therefore lead the way for mass-producible and low-cost ThermoPhotoVoltaic micro-generators and solar cells.
Front-End Electron Transfer Dissociation Coupled to a 21 Tesla FT-ICR Mass Spectrometer for Intact Protein Sequence Analysis (2017)

High resolution mass spectrometry is a key technology for in-depth protein characterization. High-field Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) enables high-level interrogation of intact proteins in the most detail to date. However, an appropriate complement of fragmentation technologies must be paired with FTMS to provide comprehensive sequence coverage, as well as characterization of sequence variants, and post-translational modifications. Here we describe the integration of front-end electron transfer dissociation (FETD) with a custom-built 21 tesla FT-ICR mass spectrometer, which yields unprecedented sequence coverage for proteins ranging from 2.8 to 29 kDa, without the need for extensive spectral averaging (e.g., ~60% sequence coverage for apo-myoglobin with four averaged acquisitions). The system is equipped with a multipole storage device separate from the ETD reaction device, which allows accumulation of multiple ETD fragment ion fills. Consequently, an optimally large product ion population is accumulated prior to transfer to the ICR cell for mass analysis, which improves mass spectral signal-to-noise ratio, dynamic range, and scan rate. We find a linear relationship between protein molecular weight and minimum number of ETD reaction fills to achieve optimum sequence coverage, thereby enabling more efficient use of instrument data acquisition time. Finally, real-time scaling of the number of ETD reactions fills during method-based acquisition is shown, and the implications for LC-MS/MS top-down analysis are discussed. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
Mechanical Stress Induced Current Focusing and Fracture in Grain Boundaries (2019)

Solid state electrolytes (SSEs) with garnet structures and chemical composition Li<sub>7</sub>La<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O12 (LLZO) are being actively considered as the electrolyte for next-generation lithium ion batteries. These LLZO-based ceramic SSEs are polycrystalline and possess distinct grain-interior/grain-boundary (GI/GB) microstructure. Lithium dendrite growth through these GI and GB domains is considered to be the largest bottleneck preventing their successful implementation. Dendrite growth has been observed to occur predominantly within the GB regions. While this would be expected if the GB regions were more ionically conductive than the GI regions, there is significant disagreement over the relative conductivities of these two regions. The present work demonstrates that dendrite growth can occur preferentially in the GB regions even when the GI regions have higher ionic conductivity. Electrochemical potential changes induced by mechanical stress within the GI and GB domains reveals that the magnitude of effective stress induced current density within the elastically softer GB is larger than in the mechanically stiffer GI, which leads to enhanced lithium deposition in GB and subsequent dendrite growth. Finally, the present work additionally examines the impact of applied current density and grain size on current focusing in the GB regions, and also finds that SSE fractures initiate from the GB regions.
Developmental and social-contextual origins of depressive control-related beliefs and behavior (Cognitive Therapy and Research (August 2001) 25:4) (2001)

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