gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient Regioselective Synthesis of 6-Amino-5-benzoyl-1-Substituted 2(1H)-Pyridinones (2005)

[Reaction: see text]. A regioselective and efficient approach toward 6-amino-5-benzoyl-1-substituted 2(1H)-pyridinones by reaction of acyclic ketene aminals with propiolic acid ester was developed. The effect of the solvent and temperature on the regioselectivity of the reaction and the compatibility of the target compounds to functional group manipulations was examined. Substrates with an ortho substituent build atropisomers due to the restricted rotation around the C-N bond. The enantiomers were separated, and the barrier of rotation was determined experimentally. Quantum chemical calculations allowed a ranking of the barrier heights, and a new mechanism of rotation by deformation of the central pyridinone moiety is proposed.
System-level computer architecture simulation: an experiment report (2002)

It is important to capture performance trade-offs of various design options early in a design process. The system architects must get reliable performance projections for a design with very little detail. This information must be updated with greater accuracy as more details of the design are determined. There is an increasing demand for architectural tools which assist in making rapid decisions between performance and cost. We have experimented with modeling and simulating a rather complex computer system using such a tool. After putting together a list of requirements for the desired software tool, we explored the existing platforms. The selected package had the most coverage of our stipulated requirements. After choosing our platform, we modeled our system and ran some test inputs. The results were quite encouraging, especially given our short design cycle. This paper discusses our experience in modeling and simulating a rather complex system. We describe the requirements of our system level simulation platform, present an example of what is available, and discuss the available and desirable features.
Selective Extraction of Higher Fullerenes Using Cyclic Dimers of Zinc Porphyrins (2004)

Higher fullerenes (>/=C76) were selectively extracted from a fullerene mixture obtained from a combustion-based industrial production source by cyclic dimers of beta-unsubstituted porphyrin zinc complexes 2C5-2C7 with C5-C7 alkylene spacers as host molecules. Results of single extraction of the fullerene mixture with 2C5-2C7 together with a beta-substituted analogue of 2C6 (1C6) and spectroscopic titration of 2C6 and 1C6 with C60, C70, and C96 indicated that the host selectivity toward higher fullerenes is much dependent on the structure of the porphyrin units and the size of the host cavity. Sequential three-stage extraction of the fullerene mixture with the best-behaved 2C6 resulted in considerable enrichment in very rare fullerenes C102-C110 (<0.1 abs %) up to 82 abs % (C76-C114, 99 abs %) (356 nm) of total fullerenes.
Time-Consistency of Optimization Problems (2021)

We study time-consistency of optimization problems, where we say that an optimization problem is time-consistent if its optimal solution, or the optimal policy for choosing actions, does not depend on when the optimization problem is solved. Time-consistency is a minimal requirement on an optimization problem for the decisions made based on its solution to be rational. We show that the return that we can gain by taking "optimal" actions selected by solving a time-inconsistent optimization problem can be surely dominated by that we could gain by taking "suboptimal" actions. We establish sufficient conditions on the objective function and on the constraints for an optimization problem to be time-consistent. We also show when the sufficient conditions are necessary. Our results are relevant in stochastic settings particularly when the objective function is a risk measure other than expectation or when there is a constraint on a risk measure.
A new immunocompetent rectal cancer model to study radiation therapy (2022)

Abstract We describe a new mouse model of rectal cancer (RC) involving rapid tumor organoid engraftment via orthotopic transplantation; the resulting RC tumors invaded inward from the mucosal surface and metastasized to distant organs. Histologically the tumors closely resemble human RC and mirror remodeling of the tumor microenvirnoment (TME) in response to radiation. This murine RC model thus recapitulates the pathogenesis of human RC, thereby fulfilling the need for a physiologically accurate model for preclinical efficacy studies.
Embedding global barrier and collective in a torus network (2023)

Embodiments of the invention provide a method, system and computer program product for embedding a global barrier and global interrupt network in a parallel computer system organized as a torus network. The computer system includes a multitude of nodes. In one embodiment, the method comprises taking inputs from a set of receivers of the nodes, dividing the inputs from the receivers into a plurality of classes, combining the inputs of each of the classes to obtain a result, and sending said result to a set of senders of the nodes. Embodiments of the invention provide a method, system and computer program product for embedding a collective network in a parallel computer system organized as a torus network. In one embodiment, the method comprises adding to a torus network a central collective logic to route messages among at least a group of nodes in a tree structure.
Toward a Mechanism of Prion Misfolding and Structural Models of PrPSc: Current Knowledge and Future Directions (2011)

Despite extensive investigation, many features of prion protein misfolding remain enigmatic. Physicochemical variables known to influence misfolding are reviewed to help elucidate the mechanism of prionogenesis and identify salient features of PrP(Sc), the misfolded conformer of the prion protein. Prospective work on refinement of candidate PrP(Sc) models based on thermodynamic considerations will help to complete atomic-scale structural details missing from experimental studies and may explain the basis for the templating activity of PrP(Sc) in disease.
How Golgi glycosylation meets and needs trafficking: the case of the COG complex (2010)

Protein glycosylation is one of the major biosynthetic functions occurring in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi compartments. It requires an amazing number of enzymes, chaperones, lectins and transporters whose actions delicately secure the fidelity of glycan structures. Over the past 30 years, glycobiologists hammered that glycan structures are not mere decorative elements but serve crucial cellular functions. This becomes dramatically illustrated by a group of mostly severe, inherited human disorders named congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG). To date, many types of CDG have been defined genetically and most of the time the defects impair the biosynthesis, transfer and remodeling of N-glycans. Recently, the identification of the several types of CDG caused by deficiencies in the conserved oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex, a complex involved in vesicular Golgi trafficking, expanded the field of CDG but also brought novel insights in glycosylation. The molecular mechanisms underlying the complex pathway of N-glycosylation in the Golgi are far from understood. The availability of COG-deficient CDG patients and patients' cells offered a new way to study how COG, and its different subunits, could influence the Golgi N-glycosylation machinery and localization. This review summarizes the recent findings on the implication of COG in Golgi glycosylation. It highlights the need for a dynamic, finely tuned balance between anterograde and retrograde trafficking for the correct localization of Golgi enzymes to assure the stepwise maturation of N-glycan chains.
Resolved Mid‐Infrared Emission in the Narrow‐Line Region of NGC 4151 (2003)

We present subarcsecond resolution mid infrared images of NGC 4151 at 10.8 micron and 18.2 micron. These images were taken with the University of Florida mid-IR camera/spectrometer OSCIR at the Gemini North 8-m telescope. We resolve emission at both 10.8 micron and 18.2 micron extending ~ 3.5" across at a P.A. of ~ 60 degrees. This coincides with the the narrow line region of NGC 4151 as observed in [OIII] by the Hubble Space Telescope. The most likely explanation for this extended mid-IR emission is dust in the narrow line region heated by a central engine. We find no extended emission associated with the proposed torus and place an upper limit on its mid-IR size of less than or equal to ~ 35 pc.
The Monetite Structure Probed by Advanced Solid-State NMR Experimentation at Fast Magic-Angle Spinning (2019)

We present a solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy study of the local 31 P and 1 H environments in monetite [CaHPO 4 ; dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA)], as well as their relative spatial proximities. Each of the three 1 H NMR peaks was unambiguously assigned to its respective crystallographically unique H site of monetite, while their pairwise spatial proximities were probed by homonuclear 1 H- 1 H double quantum-single quantum NMR experimentation under fast magic-angle spinning (MAS) of 66 kHz. We also examined the relative 1 H- 31 P proximities among the inequivalent {P1, P2} and {H1, H2, H3} sites in monetite; the corresponding shortest internuclear 1 H- 31 P distances accorded well with those of a previous neutron diffraction study. The NMR results from the monetite phase were also contrasted with those observed from the monetite component present in a pyrophosphate-bearing calcium phosphate cement, demonstrating that while the latter represents a disordered form of monetite, it shares all essential local features of the monetite structure.
Adaptive servo control of vibration induced error (2004)

Vibration degrades the effective data rate of a disk drive. Any imbalance of a rotating disk platter can produce periodic vibration. Multiple disk drives cumulatively emit a mixture of periodic and random vibration. Track-following precision of a drive therefore becomes impaired. The frequency of the external vibration pattern is not always known a priori. An adaptive algorithm to determine the periodicity and strength of a cross vibration component is developed and demonstrated. A second order digital peak filter, driven by vibration afflicted position error signal (V-PES), in an open loop configuration forms the basis for detection method. Filter coefficients expressed as a function of a frequency dependent parameter selectively amplifies the V-PES signal. By sweeping through an anticipated frequency range, critical vibration components are first identified. Subsequently V-PES components with rich spectral contribution are compensated by the corresponding filter bank in feedback configuration. The demonstrated algorithm circumvents a need for Fourier analysis to identify V-PES frequency components, facilitating ease of implementation in cost-sensitive products.
Influence of Densification on the Pyrolytic Behavior of Agricultural Biomass Waste and the Characteristics of Pyrolysis Products (2022)

TG/FT-IR techniques, UV-spectroscopy, microwave extraction, XRD and SEM were used to study how densification of the three types of agricultural biomass wastes (wheat straw, soft wood, and sunflower husk) changes the composition and structure of their pyrolysis products. It was determined that densification changes the composition of volatile products of pyrolysis at the temperature of 420 °C: sunflower husk emits 4.9 times less saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons and 1.9 times less compounds with carbonyl group; soft wood emits 1.8 times more saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons and compounds with carbonyl groups and 1.3 times more alcohols and phenols; and wheat straw emits 2 times more compounds with carbonyl groups. These changes are probably caused by the differences in interaction of formed volatiles with the surface of chars. These differences can be caused by distinct places of cumulation of inorganic components in the densified samples. In the densified char, the inorganics cumulate on the surface of sunflower husk whereas for wheat straw they cumulate inside the sample. In the case of soft wood, the inorganics cumulate both inside and on the surface. The decreased contribution of hydrocarbons in volatiles can be connected with the morphology of nano-particles formed in inorganics.
Methods and Bounds for Antenna Array Coupling Matrix Estimation (2007)

A novel method is proposed for estimation of the mutual coupling matrix of an antenna array. The method extends previous work by incorporating an unknown phase center and the element factor (antenna radiation pattern) in the model, and treating these as nuisance parameters during the estimation of coupling. To facilitate this, a parametrization of the element factor based on a truncated Fourier series is proposed. The Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) for the estimation problem is derived and used to analyze how the required amount of measurement data increases when introducing a more and more flexible model for the element factor. Finally, the performance of the proposed estimator is illustrated using data from measurements on an 8-element antenna array.
Photochemistry and photophysics of small heterocyclic molecules: 1. Multiphoton ionization and dissociation of N-isopropyldimethyloxaziridine (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemistry and photophysics of small heterocyclic molecules: 1. Multiphoton ionization and dissociation of N-isopropyldimethyloxaziridineH. A. Michelsen, R. P. Giugliano, and J. J. BelBrunoCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1985, 89, 14, 3034–3039Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100260a017https://doi.org/10.1021/j100260a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views49Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Erratum: “The matched-lag filter: Detecting broadband multipath signals with auto- and cross-correlation functions” [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 109, 1997–2007 (2001)] (2001)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation John L. Spiesberger; Erratum: "The matched-lag filter: Detecting broadband multipath signals with auto- and cross-correlation functions" [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 109, 1997–2007 (2001)]. J Acoust Soc Am 1 September 2001; 110 (3): 1696. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1396327 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Age of Information in a Multiple Access Channel with Heterogeneous Traffic and an Energy Harvesting Node (2019)

Age of Information (AoI) is a newly appeared concept and metric to characterize the freshness of data. In this work, we study the delay and AoI in a multiple access channel (MAC) with two source nodes transmitting different types of data to a common destination. The first node is grid-connected and its data packets arrive in a bursty manner, and at each time slot it transmits one packet with some probability. Another energy harvesting (EH) sensor node generates a new status update with a certain probability whenever it is charged. We derive the delay of the grid-connected node and the AoI of the EH sensor as functions of different parameters in the system. The results show that the mutual interference has a non-trivial impact on the delay and age performance of the two nodes.
Integrated Graphene Electro-Optic Phase Modulator (2017)

We report the first experimental demonstration of a graphene electro-refractive modulator with VπL of 0.14 Vcm, and minimal absorption modulation based on graphene capacitor integrated on Si3N4 with embedded high-K and high breakdown dielectric.
SiRNAs with Neutral Phosphate Triester Hydrocarbon Tails Exhibit Carrier-Free Gene-Silencing Activity (2022)

Short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) show promise as gene-silencing therapeutics, but their cellular uptake remains a challenge. We have recently shown the synthesis of siRNAs bearing a single neutral phenylethyl phosphotriester linkage within the sense strand. Here, we report the synthesis of siRNAs bearing three different hydrophobic phosphate triester linkages at key positions within the sense strand and assess their gene silencing in the absence of a transfection carrier. The best siRNAs bearing hydrophobic phosphate triester tails were not aromatic and exhibited effective gene silencing (IC<sub>50</sub> ≈ 56-141 nM), whereas the aromatic derivative with three hydrophobic tails did not exhibit carrier-free gene silencing.
Calculation of corrections to linear aerodynamic methods for static and dynamic analysis and design (1998)

Nonlinear aerodynamics significantly influence the flight loads and aeroelastic stability of current and proposed transport aircraft. Direct simulation of the nonlinear aerodynamics with Computational Fluid Dynamics codes, while technically possible, is economically impractical due to the large number of conditions which must be analyzed. While techniques exist for addresssing these nonlinear effects in production analysis for conventional configurations, the available techniques are sometimes inaccurate, and are not directly applicable to advanced configurations such as High Speed Civil Transport or Blended Wing Body designs. A technique is presented that uses a small number of CFD solutions or wind tunnel test results along with linear aerodynamic theory to generate linearized aerodynamic models for use in production aeroelastic analysis and design. The technique is applied to the steady aeroelastic loads analysis of a High Speed Civil Transport configuration, and to the flutter analysis of an isolated wing.
Localization of optical fields using a bow-tie nanoantenna. (2004)

Localization of optical fields in a bow-tie nanoantenna is studied using a high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS). Simulation results show a strong localization effect in the gap of the antenna. The enhanced intensity in the gap is due to the surface plasmon resonance and the concentration of energy flow.
Susceptibility-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Evaluation of Dementia (2007)

An 88-year-old woman with a clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and advanced dementia, was evaluated with standard MRI of the brain as well as Susceptibility Weighted Imaging (SWI) with the MRI. SWI revealed more extensive brain microhemorrhages than standard MRI techniques, allowing the radiologic diagnosis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy. SWI shows promise as a more sensitive diagnostic tool than standard brain MRI for the evaluation of patients with dementia.
Lithium Aluminate Crystals as Scintillator for Thermal Neutron Detection (2012)

Undoped and Cu <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> -doped lithium aluminate LiAlO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> singe crystals have been grown using micro-pulling down (μ -PD) technique. After cutting and polishing, optical properties and scintillation characteristics of the crystals were examined. From the transmittance measurements, Cu <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> -doped crystal showed absorption band around 270 nm, which is corresponding to the transition between Cu <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> 3d <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10</sup> and 3d <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">9</sup> 4s states. Ultra violet emission peak appeared around 360 nm under 270 nm excitation. The emission decay time was calculated to be about 17.3 μs. <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">241</sup> Am 5.5 MeV alpha-ray excited radioluminescence spectra exhibited intense luminescence band at 360 nm due to the Cu <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> 3d <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">9</sup> 4s-3d <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10</sup> transitions. By the pulse height spectra <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">252</sup> Cf neutron source excitation, the scintillation light output of Cu <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> -doped LiAlO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> was found to be about 8700 ph/n.
Prediction of transitional (laminar-turbulent) hypersonic flows using the parabolized Navier-Stokes equations (1989)

Hypersonic transitional flow predictions have been made using the parabolized Navier-Stokes equations with an algebraic transition/turbulence model by appropriately modulating the turbulent viscosity with the available intermittency functions for incompressible and compressible flows. A comparison between the predictions with and without a low Reynolds number correction has also been made. The predictions are compared with the available experimental data and with the theory over a range of Mach number. A simple Re(theta)/M(delta) criterion is shown to satisfactorily predict the meridional variation of the onset location of transition on a cone at a small angle of attack, whereas none of the correlations discussed can do that. Various available correlations are discussed vis-a-vis the predictions as to the locations of the onset and the end of transition.