gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Solids Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering (2005)

In our previous report, we have successfully prepared single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) solids without any additives employing a spark plasma sintering (SPS) method. The effects of preparation conditions on the mechanical properties of the SWCNT solids have been investigated using a small punch (SP) testing method. It was shown from the SP test results that an indentation was formed on the specimen by the spherical puncher used for the load application, and the main fracture initiated and propagated in a cone-shaped region from the edge of the indentation. Therefore, no measurement of the fracture strength has been made on SWCNT solids prepared by the SPS method to date. In this investigation, the three-point bending tests were employed to examine the mechanical properties such as Young's modulus and fracture strength of the SWCNT solids. The compaction pressure used in the SPS method was 120 MPa, and the temperatures were 1000, 1200 and 1400°C, respectively. The mechanical properties have been found to depend on the processing temperature. The binder-free SWCNT solids had Young's modulus and fracture strength of 8.3 GPa and 52.4 MPa, respectively prepared by SPS technique.
A History Lesson for Stem Cells (2009)

Factors that led to the decline of gene therapy at the turn of the century should be considered by the stem cell community to avoid a similar outcome.
Crowdsourcing worker development based on probabilistic task network (2017)

Crowdsourcing platforms provide an attractive solution for processing numerous tasks at low cost. However, insufficient quality control remains a major concern. In the present study, we propose a grade-based training method for workers. Our training method utilizes probabilistic networks to estimate correlations between tasks based on workers' records for 18.5 million tasks and then allocates pre-learning tasks to the workers to raise the accuracy of target tasks according to the task correlations. In an experiment, the method automatically allocated 31 pre-learning task categories for 9 target task categories, and after the training of the pre-learning tasks, we confirmed that the accuracy of the target tasks was raised by 7.8 points on average. We thus confirmed that the task correlations can be estimated using a large amount of worker records, and that these are useful for the grade-based training of low-quality workers.
A Dechlorinating Community Resulting From In Situ Biostimulation of a TCE-contaminated Deep Fracture Basalt Aquifer (2004)

Sodium lactate additions to a trichloroethene (TCE) residual source area in deep, fractured basalt at a U.S. Department of Energy site have resulted in the enrichment of the indigenous microbial community, the complete dechlorination of nearly all aqueous-phase TCE to ethene, and the continued depletion of the residual source since 1999. The bacterial and archaeal consortia in groundwater obtained from the residual source were assessed by using PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes. A clone library of bacterial amplicons was predominated by those from members of the class Clostridia (57 of 93 clones), of which a phylotype most similar to that of the homoacetogen Acetobacterium sp. strain HAAP-1 was most abundant (32 of 93 clones). The remaining Bacteria consisted of phylotypes affiliated with Sphingobacteria, Bacteroides, Spirochaetes, Mollicutes, and Proteobacteria and candidate divisions OP11 and OP3. The two proteobacterial phylotypes were most similar to those of the known dechlorinators Trichlorobacter thiogenes and Sulfurospirillum multivorans. Although not represented by the bacterial clones generated with broad-specificity bacterial primers, a Dehalococcoides-like phylotype was identified with genus-specific primers. Only four distinct phylotypes were detected in the groundwater archaeal library, including predominantly a clone affiliated with the strictly acetoclastic methanogen Methanosaeta concilii (24 of 43 clones). A mixedmore » culture that completely dechlorinates TCE to ethene was enriched from this groundwater, and both communities were characterized by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). According to T-RFLP, the laboratory enrichment community was less diverse overall than the groundwater community, with 22 unique phylotypes as opposed to 43 and a higher percentage of Clostridia, including the Acetobacterium population. Bioreactor archaeal structure was very similar to that of the groundwater community, suggesting that methane is generated primarily via the acetoclastic pathway, using acetate generated by lactate fermentation and acetogenesis in both systems.« less
Semaphorin 3A induces cytoskeletal paralysis in tumor-specific CD8+ T cells (2019)

ABSTRACT Semaphorin-3A (Sema3A) regulates tumor angiogenesis, but its role in modulating anti-tumor immunity is unclear. We demonstrate that Sema3A secreted within the tumor microenvironment (TME) suppresses tumor-specific CD8+ T cell function via Neuropilin-1 (NRP1), a receptor that is upregulated upon activation with T cells’ cognate antigen. Sema3A inhibits T cell migration, assembly of the immunological synapse, and tumor killing. It achieves these functional effects through hyper-activating the acto-myosin system in T cells leading to cellular paralysis. Finally, using a clear cell renal cell carcinoma patient cohort, we demonstrate that human tumor-specific CD8+ T cells express NRP1 and are trapped in Sema3A rich regions of tumors. Our study establishes Sema3A as a potent inhibitor of anti-tumor immunity.
An improved channel estimation scheme using polynomial-fitting and its weighted extension for an MC-CDMA/TDD uplink system with pre-equalization (2005)

This paper deals with uplink channel estimation at a mobile transmitter for an MC-CDMA/TDD uplink system with pre-equalization. We present an enhanced version of a polynomial-fitting and extension (PF&E) scheme, which uses the idea of weighted extension. The scheme first approximates channel state information (CSI) estimates during some downlink slot interval to a polynomial of degree 2 in the least-squares sense, and then obtains the consecutive uplink CSI estimates by extending the approximated downlink CSI polynomial to the uplink slot interval, but with some temporal weighting corresponding to the maximum Doppler frequency. We perform computer simulations to analyze the overall bit error rate (BER) of the system under consideration, when the proposed scheme is used for uplink channel estimation. Extensive simulations show that the proposed scheme outperforms the PF&E scheme in terms of the overall BER under all the conditions considered.
Monitoring of the polymorphous/silicon interface properties in the HIT solar cell by surface photovoltage technique in an expanded spectral region (2004)

International audience
Pembrolizumab plus azacitidine in patients with chemotherapy refractory metastatic colorectal cancer: a single-arm phase 2 trial and correlative biomarker analysis (2022)

The combination of pembrolizumab and azacitidine is safe and tolerable with modest clinical activity in the treatment for chemotherapy-refractory mCRC. Correlative studies suggest that tumor DNA demethylation and immunomodulation occurs. An association between tumor DNA demethylation and tumor-immune modulation suggests immune modulation and may result from treatment with azacitidine. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02260440. Registered 9 October 2014, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02260440 .
Nonlinear Analytical Redundancy Method for Sensor Fault Diagnosis in an Automotive Application (2018)

Sensors have been widely implemented in vehicle systems for control, driving, and vehicle condition monitoring purposes. In a typical automotive vehicle, there are 60-100 sensors on board and is projected to reach 200 sensors per car. Those sensors provide rich information to ensure safe vehicle operation. However, like any dynamic systems, sensors are vulnerable to degrade or fail over time, which leads to the need of real-time sensor fault diagnosis. Analytical redundancy has been the key model-based approach for sensor fault diagnosis. However, existing analytical redundancy approaches are limited to linear systems, or some special cases of nonlinear systems. In this paper, the analytical redundancy approach is extended to nonlinear systems in general to ensure the accuracy of sensor measurements. Parity relations based on nonlinear observation matrix are formulated to characterize system dynamics and sensor measurements. Robust optimization is designed to identify the coefficient of parity relations that can tolerate certain level of measurement noise and model uncertainties. At last, sensor fault diagnosis in an air intake system is employed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Parasitic Extraction Procedures for SiC Power Modules (2018)

This paper presents an overview of the procedures performed both in academia and industry for estimating the parasitic behavior of power semiconductor packages. The modeling features and limitations of the state-of-the-art software tool, ANSYS Q3D Extractor, and the measurement methods typically used for the parasitic inductance analysis of silicon carbide (SiC) power modules are comprehensively analyzed on the example of a TO-247-3 package with a single 80 mΩ, 1.2 kV SiC power MOSFET, and of a half-bridge wire-bondless module with two 25 mΩ, 1.2 kV SiC power MOSFETs.
From HCV To HBV Cure (2017)

Approximately 170 million people are chronically infected with HCV and 350 million are chronically infected with HBV worldwide. It is estimated that more than one million patients die from complications related to chronic viral hepatitis, mainly HCC which is one of the most frequent cancers in many countries, especially Africa, the Middle East and Asia. HCV drug development has been impressive, and this revolution led to several direct-acting antiviral agents achieving an HCV cure after only 6-12 weeks. This progress could theorically lead to HCV global elimination making HCV and its consequences a rarity. HBV research and development programs can learn from the HCV experience, to achieve an HBV functional or sterilizing cure. This review will summarize key steps which have been realized for an HCV cure, and discuss the next steps to achieve for an HCV elimination. And also, how this HCV revolution has inspired scientists and clinicians to achieve the same for HBV.
Lipid Conjugates Enhance Endosomal Release of Antisense Oligonucleotides Into Cells (2019)

Antisense oligonucleotides modified with phosphorothioate linkages (PS-ASOs) can enter cells via endocytic pathways and must escape from membraned organelles to reach target RNAs. We recently found that membrane destabilization induced by different lipid species contributes to PS-ASO release from late endosomes (LEs). In this study, we characterized intracellular uptake, trafficking, and activities of PS-ASOs conjugated with different lipid species. We found that palmitic acid-, tocopherol-, and cholesterol-conjugated PS-ASOs have increased protein binding and enhanced intracellular uptake compared to unconjugated PS-ASOs. Similar to the parental PS-ASO, the lipid-conjugated PS-ASOs traffic from early to LEs without incorporation into lipid droplets. Unlike parental PS-ASOs, the lipid-conjugated PS-ASOs tend to remain associated with plasma or endosomal membranes, and this appears to influence their release from endosomes. The lipid-conjugated PS-ASOs were released more rapidly than parental PS-ASO. These results suggest that lipid conjugation enhances the interactions of PS-ASOs with proteins or membranes, in turn facilitating intracellular trafficking and endosomal release.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Alcohols from m‐Fluorophenylsulfones and Dialkylboranes: Application to the C14—C35 Building Block of E7389. (2012)

Abstract The method is applied to a broad spectrum of products including subunit (VIII).
Application of synthetic photostable retinoids induces novel limb and facial phenotypes during chick embryogenesis in vivo (2013)

We have recently developed a range of synthetic retinoid analogues which include the compounds EC23 and EC19. They are stable on exposure to light and are predicted to be resistant to the normal metabolic processes involved in the inactivation of retinoids in vivo. Based on the position of the terminal carboxylic acid groups in the compounds we suggest that EC23 is a structural analogue of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), and EC19 is an analogue of 13-cis retinoic acid. Their effects on the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells has been previously described in vitro and are consistent with this hypothesis. We present herein the first description of the effects of these molecules in vivo. Retinoids were applied to the anterior limb buds of chicken embryos in ovo via ion-exchange beads. We found that retinoid EC23 produces effects on the wing digits similar to ATRA, but does so at two orders of magnitude lower concentration. When larger quantities of EC23 are applied, a novel phenotype is obtained involving production of multiple digit 1s on the anterior limb. This corresponds to differential effects of ATRA and EC23 on sonic hedgehog (shh) expression in the developing limb bud. With EC23 application we also find digit 1 phenotypes similar to thumb duplications described in the clinical literature. EC23 and ATRA are shown to have effects on the entire proximal-distal axis of the limb, including hitherto undescribed effects on the scapula. This includes suppression of expression of the scapula marker Pax1. EC23 also produces effects similar to those of ATRA on the developing face, producing reductions of the upper beak at concentrations two orders of magnitude lower than ATRA. In contrast, EC19, which is structurally very similar to EC23, has novel, less severe effects on the face and rarely alters limb development. EC19 and ATRA are effective at similar concentrations. These results further demonstrate the ability of retinoids to influence embryonic development. Moreover, EC23 represents a useful new tool to investigate developmental processes and probe the mechanisms underlying congenital abnormalities in vertebrates including man.
65‐2: Optical Attachment to Measure Both Eye‐Box/FOV Characteristics for AR/VR Eyewear Displays (2017)

To measure both eye‐box/FOV characteristics of a virtual‐image eyewear display, a new concept attachment, whose conjugate focal plane is set to an exit pupil of the eyewear display, has been developed. Two‐dimensional luminance distributions on the plane perpendicular to the optical axis can be obtained, and which derive eye‐box/FOV characteristics.
Atomic Layer Deposited Gallium Oxide Buffer Layer Enables 1.2 V Open‐Circuit Voltage in Cuprous Oxide Solar Cells (2014)

The power conversion efficiency of solar cells based on copper (I) oxide (Cu2 O) is enhanced by atomic layer deposition of a thin gallium oxide (Ga2 O3 ) layer. By improving band-alignment and passivating interface defects, the device exhibits an open-circuit voltage of 1.20 V and an efficiency of 3.97%, showing potential of over 7% efficiency.
Data from A 12-Gene Set Predicts Survival Benefits from Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Prospectively identifying who will benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) would improve clinical decisions for non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. In this study, we aim to develop and validate a functional gene set that predicts the clinical benefits of ACT in NSCLC.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; An 18-hub-gene prognosis signature was developed through a systems biology approach, and its prognostic value was evaluated in six independent cohorts. The 18-hub-gene set was then integrated with genome-wide functional (RNAi) data and genetic aberration data to derive a 12-gene predictive signature for ACT benefits in NSCLC.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Using a cohort of 442 stage I to III NSCLC patients who underwent surgical resection, we identified an 18-hub-gene set that robustly predicted the prognosis of patients with adenocarcinoma in all validation datasets across four microarray platforms. The hub genes, identified through a purely data-driven approach, have significant biological implications in tumor pathogenesis, including &lt;i&gt;NKX2-1, Aurora Kinase A, PRC1, CDKN3, MBIP&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;RRM2&lt;/i&gt;. The 12-gene predictive signature was successfully validated in two independent datasets (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 90 and 176). The predicted benefit group showed significant improvement in survival after ACT (UT Lung SPORE data: HR = 0.34, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.017; JBR.10 clinical trial data: HR = 0.36, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.038), whereas the predicted nonbenefit group showed no survival benefit for 2 datasets (HR = 0.80, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.70; HR = 0.91, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.82).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; This is the first study to integrate genetic aberration, genome-wide RNAi data, and mRNA expression data to identify a functional gene set that predicts which resectable patients with non–small cell lung cancer will have a survival benefit with ACT. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 19(6); 1577–86. ©2013 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
The hepatic microvascular alterations in polymicrobial sepsis are not mediated by bacterial endotoxin. (2006)

Although sepsis remains a leading cause of death in critically ill patients, the mechanisms underlying this disease process remain undefined. Because bacterial endotoxin (LPS) is widely held to be a mediator of the inflammatory events associated with sepsis, LPS administration is often used to simulate sepsis in experimental animals. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that LPS is a critical determinant of the hepatic microvascular alterations induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), a widely used model of experimental sepsis. Hepatic sinusoidal perfusion and the adhesion of platelets and leukocytes in terminal hepatic venules (THV) and sinusoids were quantified by intravital microscopy in LPS‐sensitive and LPS‐insensitive mice subjected either to CLP or i.p. administration of LPS. Both CLP and LPS‐administration elicited increases in the adhesion of both leukocytes and platelets in THV and sinusoids with corresponding reductions in the density of perfused sinusoids in LPS‐sensitive mice. However, a dose of 500 ?g/kg LPS was required to elicit hepatic microvascular changes of comparable magnitude to CLP in LPS‐sensitive mice. While LPS‐insensitive mice exhibited the same leukocyte and platelet adhesion (in both THV and sinusoids) and sinusoidal malperfusion responses to CLP, these mice were unresponsive to exogenous LPS‐administration at doses of 50 and 500 μg/kg. These findings do not support a major role for bacterial endotoxin in the hepatic microvascular disturbances associated with polymicrobial sepsis. Supported by P01 DK43785.
Preparation and characterization of liposomal systems entrapping the boronated compound o-carboranylpropylamine (1999)

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is based on the nuclear reaction that occurs when the stable isotope, Boron-10, is irradiated with low-energy thermal neutrons to yield ionizing Helium and Lithium ions that are highly damaging and usually lethal to cells. The successful treatment of cancer by BNCT requires the selective concentration of Boron-10 within malignant tumours. Liposomes have been used as therapeutic compound delivery vehicles for in vivo application, including several anticancer agents. The ability of the boron-containing compound, o-carboranylpropylamine chloride, to accumulate within unilamellar liposomes in response to a transmembrane pH gradient is evaluated. Characterization of the systems obtained is performed for conventional and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified (stealth) liposomes, in terms of lipid and CPA contents, vesicle size and stability in detergent solutions. Results demonstrate that CPA loading and vesicle stability can be controlled by the experimental procedure. The loading of CPA into liposomes with average diameters of 100 nm is estimated at 13000 molecules per vesicle for the most stable systems. CPA toxicity to normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes and to adherent glioblastoma multiforme SK-MG-1 cells in vitro is observed to decrease as a result of the entrapment of CPA in liposomes.
Laser-Skalpell & berührungsfreie Blutdruckmessung - Licht in der Medizin - Beitrag bei Radio KIT am 02.07.2015 (2015)

In der Medizin hat das Licht eine wichtige Rolle. Hautkrankheiten wie Psoriasis werden seit langem erfolgreich mit UV-Licht behandelt. Infrarotes Licht hilft beispielsweise bei Arthrose und Depressionen. Seit es jedoch Laser und kleine, leistungsstarke LEDs und PDs (Photodioden) gibt, eröffnen sich ganz neue Anwendungsmöglichkeiten. In der Diagnostik ist die Bandbreite besonders groß: Messung der Herzfrequenz, Bestimmung von Laktatwerten und Sauerstoffsättigung im Muskel. Auch die Messung des Wasseranteils im Gewebe, ein wichtiges Thema in der Geriatrie, und Organfunktionsmessungen sind heute mit Licht im Minutentakt zu bewerkstelligen. Therapeutisch bietet sich die Behandlung schlechtverheilender Wunden, großflächiger Infektionen und von Rücken- und Muskelschmerzen durch Licht an. Laser haben in der Augenheilkunde und als ultra-präzises Skalpell in der Hand des Chirurgen entscheidende medizinische Fortschritte möglich gemacht. Radio KIT Redakteur Frank Winkler hat mit Prof. Norbert Gretz über die heutige und zukünftige Rolle des Lichts in der Medizin gesprochen. Der Direktor des Instituts für Medizintechnologie der Medizinischen Fakultät Mannheim der Universität Heidelberg war einer der Vortragenden im Rahmen des Colloquium Fundamentale des Zentrums für Angewandte Kulturwissenschaft (ZAK). Es ist im Sommersemester dem Thema Licht gewidmet.
A CLEVER molecule that regulates lymphoctye trafficking (2004)

Johnson and Enns. Although iron loading in mice or humans increases their hepatic hepcidin production, isolated human or mouse hepatocytes, or hepatocyte cell lines, do not increase their hepcidin synthesis when treated with holotransferrin or other forms of iron. This suggests that another cell type or its product may be required to complete the circuitry. In the last few years, the field of iron metabolism has been reinvigorated by the identification of the principal molecules involved in its regulation. 2 Elucidating how these molecules function individually and how they interact with each other is likely to provide much excitement for years to come.
Relative gain array estimation based on non-parametric frequency domain system identification (2014)

Godkänd; 2014; 20141121 (andbra)
Reduction of correlated noise using a library of orthonormal bases (2002)

We study the application of a library of orthonormal bases to the reduction of correlated Gaussian noise. A joint condition on the library and the noise covariance is derived which ensures that simple thresholding in an adaptively chosen basis yields an estimation error within a logarithmic factor of the ideal risk. In the model example of a wavelet packet library and stationary noise the condition can be translated into a reverse Holder inequality on the power spectrum.