gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Voltage Dataset Selection on the Accuracy of Entropy-Based Capacity Estimation Methods for Lithium-Ion Batteries (2019)

It is important to accurately estimate the capacity of the battery in order to extend the service life of the battery and ensure the reliable operation of the battery energy storage system. As entropy can quantify the regularity of a dataset, it can serve as a feature to estimate the capacity of batteries. In order to analyze the effect of voltage dataset selection on the accuracy of entropy-based estimation methods, six voltage datasets were collected, considering the current direction (i.e., charging or discharging) and the state of charge level. Furthermore, three kinds of entropies (approximate entropy, sample entropy, and multiscale entropy) were introduced, and the relationship between the entropies and the battery capacity was established by using first-order polynomial fitting. Finally, the interaction between the test conditions, entropy features, and estimation accuracy was analyzed. Moreover, the results can be used to select the correct voltage dataset and improve the estimation accuracy.
Improved imaging of the Snøhvit field through integration of 4C OBC and dual-azimuth streamer seismic data (2008)

Grunde Rønholt, Hans A. Aronsen, Thomas Hellmann and Stian Johansen provide a case study from the Snøhvit field to prove the value of integrating acquisition data from OBC and dual-azimuth streamer seismic surveys for optimal reservoir characterization.
Role of AlN/GaN Multilayer in Crack-Free GaN Layer Growth on 5”φ Si (111) Substrate (2004)

The growth of high-quality and crack-free GaN layers on a 5"φ Si (111) substrate has been carried out in metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy. A high-temperature-grown AlN/GaN multilayer buffer was inserted between a GaN layer and a Si substrate. To improve the crystalline quality of GaN and minimize the degree of wafer bending, the structural parameters of an AlN/GaN multilayer (e.g. number of pairs and thickness of each layer) were examined. From the results, two models of strain relaxation in the multilayer, namely, the introduction of a dislocation in the multilayer and the deformation of a strain field by a three-dimensional structure of AlN layers, are suggested. In addition, another role of the AlN/GaN multilayer structure, that of inducing compressive distortion in a subsequent GaN layer, was confirmed. On the AlN/GaN multilayer, a 1-µm-thick GaN layer was grown without crack formation. A dislocation density of 5 ×109 cm-2 determined by atomic force microscopy and a (002) X-ray rocking curve full width at half maximum of 700 arcsec were obtained in the 5"φ Si wafer region.
25.3 An 8Gb GDDR6X DRAM Achieving 22Gb/s/pin with Single-Ended PAM4 Signaling (2021)

Several factors drive the demand for DRAM bandwidth scaling: in addition to established applications in visualization, there has been a proliferation of data-intensive applications enabled by advancements in AI, ML and advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) [1]. While high-bandwidth memory (HBM) provides an alternative solution, its high cost makes it impractical for many applications. On the other hand, extending the GDDR roadmap beyond GDDR6 through per-pin bandwidth scaling presents significant obstacles: including the reduced link-timing budget and the slow DRAM transistors. This paper introduces an 8Gb DRAM with a single-ended PAM4 interface to redirect and extend the GDDR roadmap. The design supports 22Gb/s/pin, a 22% increase over the highest published GDDR6 DRAM bandwidth [2], in a conventional 1Ynm DRAM process.
Multi-frequency activation of neuronal networks by coordinated reset stimulation (2010)

We computationally study whether it is possible to stimulate a neuronal population in such a way that its mean firing rate increases without an increase of the population's net synchronization. For this, we use coordinated reset (CR) stimulation, which has previously been developed to desynchronize populations of oscillatory neurons. Intriguingly, delivered to a population of predominantly silent FitzHugh-Nagumo or Hindmarsh-Rose neurons at sufficient stimulation amplitudes, CR robustly causes a multi-frequency activation: different Arnold tongues such as 1 : 1 or n : m entrained neuronal clusters emerge, which consist of phase-shifted sub clusters. Owing to the clustering pattern the neurons' timing is well balanced, so that in total there is no synchronization. Our findings may contribute to the development of novel and safe stimulation treatments that specifically counteract cerebral hypo-activity without promoting pathological synchronization or inducing epileptic seizures.
Milk iron content in breast-feeding mothers after administration of intravenous iron sucrose complex (2007)

We could not show transfer of iron-sucrose into maternal milk for the given dosage. Since parenteral iron sucrose is widely used in obstetrics, the results provide information about safety of parenteral iron sucrose in the lactation period. The findings are also in agreement with other reports on active biological mammary gland regulation of milk iron concentration.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Synthesis of O‐Glycosides from Totally O‐Unprotected Glycosyl Donors. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An ultrasensitive DNAzyme-based colorimetric strategy for nucleic acid detection (2009)

An ultrasensitive DNAzyme-based colorimetric DNA detection strategy was developed by utilizing gold nanoparticles modified with both peroxidase-mimicking DNAzymes and capture DNAs and magnetic nanoparticles modified with another capture DNAs, with a detection limit for a model Chlamydia gene of 50 fM.
A Mouse Diversity Panel Approach Reveals the Potential for Clinical Kidney Injury Due to DB289 Not Predicted by Classical Rodent Models (2020)

DB289 is the first oral drug shown in clinical trials to have efficacy in treating African trypanosomiasis (African sleeping sickness). Mild liver toxicity was noted but was not treatment limiting. However, development of DB289 was terminated when several treated subjects developed severe kidney injury, a liability not predicted from preclinical testing. We tested the hypothesis that the kidney safety liability of DB289 would be detected in a mouse diversity panel (MDP) comprised of 34 genetically diverse inbred mouse strains. MDP mice received 10 days of oral treatment with DB289 or vehicle and classical renal biomarkers blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (sCr), as well as urine biomarkers of kidney injury were measured. While BUN and sCr remained within reference ranges, marked elevations were observed for kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in the urine of sensitive mouse strains. KIM-1 elevations were not always coincident with elevations in alanine aminotransferase (ALT), suggesting that renal injury was not linked to hepatic injury. Genome-wide association analyses of KIM-1 elevations indicated that genes participating in cholesterol and lipid biosynthesis and transport, oxidative stress, and cytokine release may play a role in DB289 renal injury. Taken together, the data resulting from this study highlight the utility of using an MDP to predict clinically relevant toxicities, to identify relevant toxicity biomarkers that may translate into the clinic, and to identify potential mechanisms underlying toxicities. In addition, the sensitive mouse strains identified in this study may be useful in screening next-in-class compounds for renal injury.
IR Chemiluminescence Probe of the Vibrational Energy Distribution of CO2Formed during Steady-State CO Oxidation on Pt(111) and Pt(110) Surfaces (2005)

The infrared (IR) chemiluminescence spectra of CO2 were measured during the steady-state CO + O2 reaction over Pt(110) and Pt(111) surfaces. Analysis of the IR emission spectra indicates that the bending vibrational temperature (TVB), as well as the antisymmetric vibrational temperature (TVAS), was higher on Pt(110) than on Pt(111). On the Pt(110) surface, the highly excited bending vibrational mode compared to the antisymmetric vibrational mode was observed under reaction conditions at low CO coverage (theta(CO) < 0.2) or at high surface temperatures (TS > or = 700 K). This can be related to the activated complex of CO2 formation in a more bent form on the inclined (111) terraces of the Pt(110)(1 x 2) structure. On the other hand, at high CO coverage (theta(CO) > 0.2) or at low surface temperatures (TS < 650 K), TVAS was higher than TVB, which can be caused by the reconstruction of the Pt(110)(1 x 2) surface to the (1 x 1) form with high CO coverage.
Aggregation behavior of nanodiamonds and their functionalized analogs in an aqueous environment (2013)

The colloidal behavior of aqueous dispersions of detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs) and carboxylated nanodiamonds (DND-COOH) which were synthesized via a microwave process is presented. Both forms of DNDs were found to be relatively stable in aqueous solutions, but aggregated rapidly in the presence of mono and divalent salts. The critical coagulation concentration (CCC) values for DNDs and DND-COOH were estimated to be between 8 and 10 mM for NaCl and 7 and 8 mM for MgCl2. In general, the formation of carboxyl groups on the DND surface did not alter colloidal behavior as dramatically as it is known to do for other nanocarbons especially carbon nanotubes.
Cyclocondensation of α-Aminonitriles and Enones: A Short Access to 3,4-Dihydro-2H-pyrrole 2-carbonitriles and 2,3,5-Trisubstituted Pyrroles (2009)

The reaction of alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds with aminoacetonitrile hydrochloride furnishes 3,5-disubstituted 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carbonitriles in a one-pot reaction sequence. While these products can serve as starting materials for the preparation of polysubstituted pyrrolizidines, they are kinetically stable against the base-induced elimination of HCN. In contrast, their 2-substituted analogues obtained from alpha-substituted alpha-aminonitriles can be readily converted to the corresponding 2,3,5-trisubstituted pyrroles under microwave irradiation. The key step presumably involves the thermal electrocyclization of a stabilized 2-azapentadienyl anion formed by condensation of the reactants and subsequent deprotonation.
Computing the arc length of parametric curves (1990)

Specifying constraints on motion is simpler if the curve is parameterized by arc length, but many parametric curves of practical interest cannot be parameterized by arc length. An approximate numerical reparameterization technique that improves on a previous algorithm by using a different numerical integration procedure that recursively subdivides the curve and creates a table of the subdivision points is presented. The use of the table greatly reduces the computation required for subsequent arc length calculations. After table construction, the algorithm takes nearly constant time for each arc length calculation. A linear increase in the number of control points can result in a more than linear increase in computation. Examples of this type of behavior are shown.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Power applications of high-temperature superconductors: status and perspectives (2002)

The potential of superconductors to have a revolutionary impact on how electric power is generated, delivered and used has long been recognized. The first superconducting power-grid application to achieve full commercial status is superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES); the magnets of these systems have so far been fabricated primarily with metallic low-temperature superconductors (LTS). Although LTS prototypes have been demonstrated for motors, generators, power cables, transformers and current limiters, high-temperature superconducting (HTS) systems offer striking economic and system reliability advantages and are now seen as the central vehicle for broad commercialization of superconductivity in the power grid. Operating at temperatures from 30 to 80 K, they open the door to highly simplified cryogenics and increased stability, which result in economic systems not feasible with LTS. HTS prototypes at commercial power levels have already been demonstrated, particularly power transmission cables and motors. Key merits as well as remaining open technical challenges for such HTS applications are reviewed in this paper.
Upgrading Toughness and the Glass Transition Temperature of Polydicyclopentadiene upon Addition of Styrene–Ethylene–Butylene–Styrene Thermoplastic Elastomer (2022)

Polydicyclopentadiene (PDCPD) thermoset, as commonly prepared by ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP), features excellent mechanical, thermal, and anticorrosion properties, but it lacks ductility and toughness. In situ addition of 2 to 8 wt % of styrene–ethylene–butylene–styrene (SEBS) thermoplastic during material preparation slightly alters the stiffness while improving its toughness and ductility. Remarkably, 4 wt % SEBS increases the PDCPD glass transition temperature Tg up to 165 °C (i.e., +7 °C). Calorimetric analyses suggest that addition of SEBS, acting as a plasticizer during molding, reduces the polymerization time of DCPD. This result offers a simple method to adjust PDCPD impact properties and to increase its Tg.
Durable electrooptic devices comprising ionic liquids (2017)

Electrolyte solutions for electrochromic devices such as rear view mirrors and displays with low leakage currents are prepared using inexpensive, low conductivity conductors. Preferred electrolytes include bifunctional redox dyes and molten salt solvents with enhanced stability toward ultraviolet radiation. The solvents include lithium or quaternary ammonium cations, and perfluorinated sulfonylimide anions selected from trifluoromethylsulfonate (CF.sub.3SO.sub.3.sup.-), bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ((CF.sub.3SO.sub.2).sub.2N.sup.-), bis(perfluoroethylsulfonyl)imide ((CF.sub.3CF.sub.2SO.sub.2).sub.2N.sup.-) and tris(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methide ((CF.sub.3SO.sub.2).sub.3C.sup.-). Electroluminescent, electrochromic and photoelectrochromic devices with nanostructured electrodes include ionic liquids with bifunctional redox dyes. Some of the electrolyte solutions color to red when devices employing the solutions are powered, leading to red or neutral electrooptic devices.
Adenosine A2A Receptor Deletion Enhances Neointimal Formation from Arterial Injury in Apolipoprotein‐E Deficient Mice (2006)

Restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is caused by neointimal proliferation due to vascular inflammation in response to arterial injury. The adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) has an anti‐inflammatory effect in various mouse inflammatory disease models. Hence, we investigated whether A2AR activation influences neointimal formation using a mouse carotid artery wire injury model. A2AR deficient (A2AR−/−) mice were crossed with apolipoprotein‐E deficient (apoE−/−) mice to generate double knockout mice. These mice and their littermate controls were fed a western diet for 2 weeks, followed by wire injury to their left carotid arteries. Four weeks after arterial injury, Movat’s pentachrome was used to stain cross‐sections of carotid arteries to assess overall features of neointimal hyperplasia. We found that A2AR deletion in apoE−/− mice increased the size of neointima by 6 fold over apoE−/− mice (P&lt;0.01) after arterial injury. This study demonstrates that the A2AR plays a significant role in the formation of arterial neointima and suggests that A2AR agonists may be useful to inhibit restenosis after PTCA. Supported by NIH HL078679, and AHA 0430151N to YH and NIH HL37942 to JL.
Cell cycLe inhibitiON to target the EVolution of urOthelial cancer (CLONEVO): A single-arm, open-label window-of-opportunity trial of neoadjuvant abemaciclib in platinum-ineligible muscle invasive bladder cancer patients. (2020)

TPS5096 Background: The standard of care for clinically localized muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is neoadjuvant platinum-based combination chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy (RC). Up to 40% of patients (pts) are ineligible to receive cisplatin and proceed to RC without any neoadjuvant therapy. We and others have demonstrated enrichment of molecular alterations in cell cycle genes in MIBC, including copy number losses of CDKN2A in 41% of pts. Abemaciclib is a unique CDK4/6 inhibitor with single agent activity and a target kinome distinct from other CDK4/6 inhibitors. We have demonstrated that CRISPR knockout of CDKN2A increases susceptibility to abemaciclib in bladder cancer cell lines. Beyond tumor-intrinsic effects, abemaciclib also modulates the tumor microenvironment (TME) via upregulating human endogenous retroviral elements and increasing T cell infiltration. Methods: Cell cycLe inhibitiON to target the EVolution of urOthelial cancer (CLONEVO) is a single arm, window-of-opportunity trial of neoadjuvant abemaciclib which will evaluate tumor cell and TME changes in response to abemaciclib. Enrolled pts must be ineligible for platinum-based neoadjuvant therapy for resectable MIBC. Pts receive abemaciclib (200 mg BID PO) for 4 weeks prior to RC. Tumor tissue collected via transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) and residual tumor at RC undergo single cell RNA sequencing and whole-exome sequencing. Patient-derived organoids and xenografts are generated for a co-clinical trial of abemaciclib alone or in combination. The primary endpoint is the measurement of changes in cell cycle dynamics. Secondary objectives are assessment of toxicity via NCI CTCAE v 5.0 and pathologic downstaging of MIBC. We will perform targeted sequencing of a panel of cell cycle genes in serial plasma and urine cell free DNA to evaluate changes in the variant allele fractions of somatic alterations. The novel design of this trial allows dynamic in vivo assessment of tumor changes and creates a new paradigm for studying tumor evolution in real time. Clinical trials information: NCT03837821. Clinical trial information: NCT03837821 .
Automatic enhancement of noisy image sequences through local spatiotemporal spectrum analysis (2000)

A fully automatic method is proposed to produce an enhanced image from a very noisy sequence consisting of a translating object over a background with a different translational motion. The method is based on averaging registered versions of the frames in which the object has been motion-compensated. Conventional techniques for displacement estimation are not adequate for these very noisy sequences, and thus a new strategy has been used, taking advantage of a simple model of the sequences. First, the local spatiotemporal spectrum is estimated through a bank of multidirectional, multiscale third-order Gaussian derivative filters, yielding a representation of the sequence that facilitates further processing and analysis tasks. Then, energy-related measurements describing the local texture and motion are easily extracted from this representation. These descriptors are used to segment the sequence according to a local joint measure of motion and texture. Once the object of interest has been segmented, its velocity is estimated applying the gradient constraint to the output of a directional bandpass filter for all pixels belonging to the object. Velocity estimates are then used to compensate the motion prior to the average. The results obtained with real sequences of moving ships taken under very noisy conditions are highly satisfactory, demonstrating the robustness and usefulness of the proposed method.
Der Einsatz von Nanoskiving zur Fertigung von Nanostrukturen für elektronische und optische Anwendungen (2011)

Abstract Dieser Aufsatz handelt von “Nanoskiving” (zu Deutsch etwa: Nano‐Hartschälen oder Nano‐Dünnschleifen) – einer einfachen und kostengünstigen Methode zur Nanofertigung, die die Notwendigkeit eines Zugangs zu Reinräumen und den dazugehörigen Einrichtungen minimiert, und die es zudem ermöglicht, Nanostrukturen aus Materialien und in Formen zu erstellen, für die herkömmlichere Methoden der Nanofertigung ungeeignet wären. Nanoskiving besteht aus drei Stufen: 1) Auftragung eines metallischen, halbleitenden, keramischen oder polymeren Dünnfilms auf eine Epoxidharz‐Oberfläche; 2) Einbetten dieses Films in Epoxidharz, sodass ein Epoxidharzblock entsteht, in dem der Film eingeschlossen ist; und 3) Aufteilen des Epoxidharzblocks in dünne Scheiben mithilfe eines Ultramikrotoms. Die Scheiben, die zwischen 30 nm und 10 μm dick sind, enthalten Nanostrukturen, deren laterale Abmessungen den Stärken der eingebetteten Filme entsprechen. Elektronische Anwendungen der Strukturen, die über diesen Prozess erhalten werden, finden sich in der Fertigung von Nanoelektroden für die Elektrochemie, von chemoresistenten Nanodrähten und von Heterostrukturen organischer Halbleiter. Optische Anwendungen finden sich in den Bereichen der Resonatoren für Oberflächenplasmonen, der plasmonischen Hohlleiter und den frequenzselektiven Oberflächen.
Measurements of the transmitting and the receiving patterns of a dipole antenna for an electron plasma wave (1974)

The transmitting and the receiving patterns of a dipole antenna for an electron plasma wave have been measured by using the interference method. The results agree fairly well with the theoretical patterns that were predicted from the fluid model analysis and also experimentally prove the reciprocity relationship between the transmitting and the receiving patterns, which is theoretically found to be valid in the plasma wave approximation. The characteristics of the transmitting and the receiving efficiencies versus the dc bias voltage applied to the dipole antenna have been also experimentally investigated.
Failure of microscopic metarterioles to elicit vasodilator responses to acetylcholine, bradykinin, histamine and substance P after ischemic shock, endotoxemia and trauma: possible role of endothelial cells. (1985)

We have noted, recently, that early after experimental intestinal ischemia, endotoxemia or whole-body trauma in rats, that the endothelial cells (EC) lining splanchnic precapillary microvessels (i.e., arterioles and metarterioles) appear to be contorted, often exhibit swelling and appear to have lost a great deal of their normal wetable surfaces as evidenced by sticking of white blood cells and platelets. Using identical circulatory shock and trauma models, we now report that irrespective of the ischemic or traumatic etiology, neither of four vasodilators, e.g., acetylcholine, bradykinin, substance P or histamine, were able to elicit much in the way of vasodilatation of metarterioles (10-12 microns in size) early after induction of intestinal ischemia, endotoxemia or whole-body trauma. Irrespective of the mechanism(s), if our results are seen in other organ regions as well, the end result would be a severe reduction in lumen sizes of the microscopic resistance and capacitance vessels in the lung ("shock lung"), kidneys, liver, etc., resulting in multiple organ failure.