gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Building competitive direct acoustics-to-word models for English\n conversational speech recognition (2017)

Direct acoustics-to-word (A2W) models in the end-to-end paradigm have\nreceived increasing attention compared to conventional sub-word based automatic\nspeech recognition models using phones, characters, or context-dependent hidden\nMarkov model states. This is because A2W models recognize words from speech\nwithout any decoder, pronunciation lexicon, or externally-trained language\nmodel, making training and decoding with such models simple. Prior work has\nshown that A2W models require orders of magnitude more training data in order\nto perform comparably to conventional models. Our work also showed this\naccuracy gap when using the English Switchboard-Fisher data set. This paper\ndescribes a recipe to train an A2W model that closes this gap and is at-par\nwith state-of-the-art sub-word based models. We achieve a word error rate of\n8.8%/13.9% on the Hub5-2000 Switchboard/CallHome test sets without any decoder\nor language model. We find that model initialization, training data order, and\nregularization have the most impact on the A2W model performance. Next, we\npresent a joint word-character A2W model that learns to first spell the word\nand then recognize it. This model provides a rich output to the user instead of\nsimple word hypotheses, making it especially useful in the case of words unseen\nor rarely-seen during training.\n
Response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and survival in molecular subtypes of resectable gastric cancer: a post hoc analysis of the D1/D2 and CRITICS trials (2022)

In resectable GC, MSI-high had favorable outcome compared to EBV-/MSS, both in patients treated with surgery only, and in those treated with perioperative chemo(radio)therapy. Substantial histopathological response was restricted to mucinous MSI-high tumors. The mucinous phenotype might be a relevant parameter in future clinical trials for MSI-high patients.
Towards Rational Deployment of Multiple Heuristics in A* (2013)

The obvious way to use several admissible heuristics in A* is to take their maximum. In this paper we aim to reduce the time spent on computing heuristics. We discuss Lazy A*, a variant of A* where heuristics are evaluated lazily: only when they are essential to a decision to be made in the A* search process. We present a new rational meta-reasoning based scheme, rational lazy A*, which decides whether to compute the more expensive heuristics at all, based on a myopic value of information estimate. Both methods are examined theoretically. Empirical evaluation on several domains supports the theoretical results, and shows that lazy A* and rational lazy A* are state-of-the-art heuristic combination methods.
PSA provocation by bipolar androgen therapy may predict duration of response to first‐line androgen deprivation: Updated results from the BATMAN study (2022)

The use of BAT as part of first-line hormonal therapy strategy does not induce adversely affect long-term survival or induce any significant long-term adverse sequelae in patients with prostate cancer. Cycling BAT may extend the duration of ADT response and enhance response to subsequent androgen ablative therapies. The magnitude of BAT-provoked increase in PSA may predict duration of ADT response and warrants further study.
Chemically Sensitive Field‐Effect Transistors and Chemiresistors: New Materials and Device Structures (2004)

Abstract Electronic sensor technology remains of widespread and intense interest. There are compelling needs to detect chemical species ranging from small molecules dispersed in the gas phase to complex biopolymers in aqueous solution. This review describes some recent advances in three main areas: chemically sensitive resistors (chemiresistors, CRs) including inorganic and organic based devices, field effect transistors (FETs) with semiconducting layers and/or gates with chemical sensitivity, and sensors based on the differential conductivity of nanotubes and nanowires. Results reported in the last two to three years are emphasized, highlighting some current trends in the development of sensors for applications such as diagnostics, process monitoring, and security.
Real-Time Optical Wireless Communication: Field-Trial in an Industrial Production Environment (2018)

We present the first field-trial of a real-time optical wireless communication (OWC) system in an industrial manufacturing environment. Using spatial diversity schemes, we demonstrate how OWC can provide reliable low-latency communication despite the rapid movements of a production robot.
Detection and modeling of depth discontinuities with lighting and viewpoint variation (2006)

Discontinuity modeling and detection has a long history in the field of computer vision, but most methods are of limited use because either they deal with intensity edges, which may not be informative regarding intrinsic object properties, or they attempt to detect discontinuities from noisy dense maps such as stereo or motion, which are particularly error-prone near discontinuities in depth (also known as depth edges or occluding contours). 
We propose to systematically vary imaging parameters (in particular illumination and viewpoint) in order to detect and analyze depth discontinuities in real-world scenes. We build on promising preliminary research on multi-flash imaging [85], which uses small baseline active illumination to label depth edges in images. We show that by varying illumination parameters (such as the spatial position, number, type, and wavelength of light sources), we are able to handle fundamental problems in depth edge detection, including multi-scale depth changes, specularities and motion. 
By combining active illumination with viewpoint variation, we provide a framework for robust depth-edge preserving stereo. We propose novel feature maps based on qualitative depth and occlusion analysis, which are useful priors for stereo. Based on these feature maps, we demonstrate enhanced local and global stereo algorithms which produce accurate results near depth discontinuities. 
Finally, we show the usefulness of our techniques in non-photorealistic rendering, with applications in comprehensible rendering, medical imaging and human facial illustrations. We also demonstrate the importance of depth contours in visual recognition, showing improved results on the problem of fingerspelling recognition.
A Median Follow-Up of Twenty-Two Months for Cardioverter Defibrillator Implantation in Symptomatic or Asymptomatic Patients with Brugada Syndrome (2010)

Objective To explore the outcome of patients with Brugada syndrome by remedial or prophylactic implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) for ventricular tachyarrhythmia. Methods Sixteen single chamber ICDs and 5 double chamber ICDs in 21 consecutive patients [17 males, 4 females; mean age, (36±11) years) with Brugada syndrome were involved. Fifteen patients with spontaneous or induced ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) received the remedial and prophylactic ICD implantation. Six patients only with positive family history or syncope accepted the ICD implantation for prophylaxis. Results After a median follow-up of (22.3±13.4) months, all patients were alive. One patient was suspected with febrile syndrome due to endocarditis on the auricular face of the lead of defibrillator 18 months after ICD implantation and disappearance of vegetation was found after receiving one-month antibiotic treatment. Nine appropriate ICD interventions took place in 3 individuals with documented spontaneous ventricular arrhythmias. Multivariable analysis suggested that occurrence of appropriate interventions was related to the spontaneous ventricular arrhythmias (P＜0.0001). Eleven inappropriate ICD interventions occurred in 3 patients for atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter with rapid ventricular rate. Multivariable analysis suggested that occurrence of inappropriate interventions was related to documented spontaneous supraventricular arrhythmias (P＜0.0062). All appropriate interventions and inappropriate interventions occurred within six months after ICD implantation. Conclusion Appropriate interventions may associate to spontaneous ventricular arrhythmias before ICD implantation in patients with Brugada syndrome. Patients may suffer from inappropriate ICD intervention for supraventricular arrhythmias with rapid ventricular rate when they had a history of supraventricular arrhythmias.
Cleavage of the Metal‐Metal Triple Bond by Chelate‐Forming Diazoalkane Bridges (1982)

Abstract The complete manuscript of this communication appears in: Angew. Chem. Suppl. 1982 , 1575. DOI: 10.1002/anie.198215750
Endothelin increases [Ca2+]i in M-1 mouse cortical collecting duct cells by a dual mechanism (1993)

We tested the effects of endothelin-1 (ET-1) on intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) of cultured M-1 mouse cortical collecting duct cells. [Ca2+]i was measured using fura 2 and a fluorescent imaging system. At a concentration of extracellular calcium ([Ca2+]o) of 1 mM, ET-1 (10(-12) to 10(-7) M) increased [Ca2+]i. A second application of ET-1 had no effect on Ca2+. In contrast, application of arginine vasopressin after an initial exposure to ET-1 induced a second Ca2+ response. In the absence of extracellular Ca2+ (1 mM EGTA) ET-1 also elicited a Ca2+ peak, indicating participation of Ca2+ release from intracellular stores in the initial Ca2+ peak. At [Ca2+]o of 10 mM, ET-1 also induced an intracellular Ca2+ peak but [Ca2+]i remained significantly elevated. The Ca2+ plateau phase was abolished by nickel (10 or 100 microM) and nifedipine (0.1 or 1 microM). We conclude that ET-1 mediates an increase in [Ca2+]i by Ca2+ release from intracellular stores and activation of a nickel- and nifedipine-sensitive Ca2+ entry mechanism.
Persistence of recipient plasma cells and anti‐donor isohaemagglutinins in patients with delayed donor erythropoiesis after major ABO incompatible non‐myeloablative haematopoietic cell transplantation (2005)

Delayed donor erythropoiesis and pure red-cell aplasia (PRCA) complicate major-ABO mismatched non-myeloablative allogeneic stem-cell transplantation. To characterize these events, we analysed red-cell serology and chimaerism in lymphohaematopoietic lineages, including plasma cells and B cells, in 12 consecutive major-ABO incompatible transplants following cyclophosphamide/fludarabine-based conditioning. Donor erythropoiesis was delayed to more than 100 days in nine (75%) patients including six (50%) who developed PRCA. During PRCA, all patients had persistent anti-donor isohaemagglutinins and recipient plasma cells (5-42%), while myeloid and T cells were completely donor in origin. In contrast, B-cell chimaerism was frequently full-donor when significant anti-donor isohaemagglutinins persisted. Four patients with early mixed haematopoietic chimaerism and the prolonged presence of anti-donor isohaemagglutinins and recipient plasma cells developed delayed-onset (>100 days post-transplant) red cell transfusion dependence and PRCA after myeloid chimaerism converted from mixed to full donor. These findings confirm that donor-erythropoiesis is impacted by temporal disparities in donor immune-mediated eradication of recipient lymphohaematopoietic cells during major-ABO incompatibility and suggest that plasma cells are relatively resistant to graft-versus-host haematopoietic effects.
Concentration-Dependent Thermochromism and Supramolecular Aggregation in Solution of Triblock Copolymers Based on Lengthy Oligothiophene Cores and Poly(benzyl ether) Dendrons (2000)

Self-complexation of triblock copolymers based on undeca- and heptadecathiophene cores attached to generation three Fréchet-type poly(benzyl ether) dendrons in solution at low temperature leads to the formation of relatively small but well-defined supramolecular assemblies. The formation of these aggregates is associated with a strong thermochromic effect. Upon cooling dilute solutions, minor concentration-independent changes in the optical absorption due to intrachain planarization precede significant concentration-dependent thermochromic changes that are shown to originate from intermolecular π−π stacking interactions. The structurally well-defined nature of the substrates enables the determination of distinct temperature regimes for both intra- and intermolecular thermochromic changes. Furthermore, combining thermodynamic expressions for both the concentration and temperature dependence of aggregation allows a quantitative analysis of the self-assembly phenomenon. The results show that the supramolecular aggregates are relatively small, yet well-defined involving from 5 to 6 molecules in an average aggregate. The apparent size limitation of the aggregates is ascribed to steric constraints imparted by the dendritic wedges. Relatively high exothermicities accompany the aggregation process, increasing with conjugation length from −73.0 kJ/mol with the undecathiophene triblock (G3-T11-G3) to −85.8 kJ/mol for the heptadecathiophene analogue (G3-T17-G3), suggesting that π−π stacking is the driving force for complexation.
Acoustic Tomography Of The Atmosphere Using Unscented Kalman Filter (2012)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Bucharest, Romania, 2012
Pre-treatment total hemoglobin in breast cancer is a predictor for complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (2014)

Analysis of NIR tomography imaging of 19 patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) shows pre-treatment tumor HbT values was statistically significant in differentiating the patients with and without complete pathological response (P-value=0.01, AUC=0.92).
Ultrafiltration after cardiopulmonary bypass in children: effects on hemodynamics, cytokines and complement (1996)

In this study no clinical or hemodynamic effect was registered after UF. TNF and C3a were occasionally detected in the ultrafiltrate but we were unable to demonstrate reduction of these or any of the other markers tested in the group subjected to ultrafiltration.
Design, Synthesis, and Antiviral Activity of Novel Ribonucleosides of 1,2,3‐Triazolylbenzyl‐aminophosphonates (2015)

A novel series of ribonucleosides of 1,2,3-triazolylbenzyl-aminophosphonates was synthesized through the Kabachnik-Fields reaction using I2 as catalyst followed by copper-catalyzed cycloaddition of the azide-alkyne reaction (CuAAC). All structures of the newly prepared compounds were characterized by (1) H NMR, (13) C NMR, and HRMS spectra. The structures of 2e, 2f, 3d, and 3g were further confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. These compounds were tested against various strains of DNA and RNA viruses; compounds 4b and 4c showed a modest inhibitory activity against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and compound 4h displayed modest inhibitory activity against Coxsackie virus B4.
Replication data for: The Limited Influence of Unemployment on the Wage Bargain (2008)

When a job-seeker and an employer meet, find a prospective joint surplus, and bargain over the wage, conditions in the outside labor market, including especially unemployment, may have limited influence. The job-seeker's only credible threat during bargaining is to hold out for a better deal. The employer's threat is to delay bargaining. Consequently, the outcome of the bargain depends on the relative costs of delays to the parties, rather than on the payoffs that result from exiting negotiations. Modeling bargaining in this way makes wages less responsive to unemployment. A stochastic model of the labor market with credible bargaining and reasonable parameter values yields larger employment fluctuations than does the standard Mortensen-Pissarides model. (JEL J22, J23, J31, J64)
Late neurological complications after irradiation of malignant tumors of the testis (2007)

To identify and describe late neurological complications in a Danish testis cancer cohort treated by radiotherapy. Clinical retrospective material of 94 consecutive patients with malignant testicular tumours treated at Aarhus County Hospital from 1964 to 1973. The irradiated dose in the paraaortic field varied from 27 to 55 Gy given 5 or 6 days a week, from the back and front alternately. The biological equivalent dose of the spinal cord was calculated using the linear-quadratic model. Median follow-up was 25 years, range 7 to 33 years. Seven patients were identified with late neurological complications after irradiation. One developed symptoms 9 months after treatment, but in the six other cases we found a latency period between 10 and 20 years from radiotherapy until the initial neurological symptoms began. The clinical picture in all seven patients was dominated by muscle atrophy, flaccid paresis in the lower limbs and absence of sphincter disturbances or sensory symptoms. High spinal cord dose was related to increased risk of neurological damage. During follow-up 19 patients developed another primary cancer in the radiation field; nine patients were diagnosed with severe arteriosclerosis and 13 patients with long-term gastrointestinal morbidity. Seven patients were identified with late neurological complications, and a clear dose-incidence relationship was shown. The latency period, from irradiation to the initial neurological symptoms began, ranged from 9 months to 20 years with progression of symptoms beyond 25 years. Furthermore many patients in the cohort suffered from solid tumours in the radiation field, severe arteriosclerosis and long-term gastrointestinal morbidity.
New Silyl Ether Reagents for the Absolute Stereochemical Determination of Secondary Alcohols (2003)

Herein we report a new set of silyl ether reagents for determining the enantiomeric purity and absolute stereochemistry of secondary alcohols.\nThese derivatives are easily synthesized, provide straightforward spectroscopic results, and allow for facile recovery of the original chiral\nalcohol.
Paclitaxel for breast cancer: the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center experience. (1997)

The proven safety profile and antitumor activity of paclitaxel (Taxol) in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer led investigators at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) to further examine the agent's potential in the treatment of advanced breast cancer. Efficacy and tolerability studies of paclitaxel as single-agent therapy were undertaken, along with parallel investigations of quality-of-life parameters. The studies examined the effects of 96-hour infusion schedules of paclitaxel and are currently assessing the feasibility of a weekly 1-hour infusion schedule. Researchers at MSKCC also compared the results of a variety of two- and three-drug paclitaxel-containing regimens to determine possible synergism and better define safety profiles. They examined the combination of paclitaxel and edatrexate, as well as a promising combination of paclitaxel and a monoclonal antibody directed at growth factor receptors. The latter ongoing trial will include both laboratory studies that examine possible cellular mechanisms for the combination's observed synergy and a clinical trial that combines paclitaxel with a monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor. In conclusion, the investigators discuss the optimal integration of paclitaxel into doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan, Neosar)-based adjuvant therapy for node-positive stage II-III resectable breast cancer.
Aortic Arch and Descending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms: Experience with Stent Grafting for Second-Stage “Elephant Trunk” Repair (2005)

Reconstruction of aortic arch and descending thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) is technically challenging and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We report our experience with extensive TAAs using a two-stage "elephant trunk" repair, with the second stage completed using an endovascular stent graft (ESG). Over 6 years, 111 patients underwent ESG treatment of TAAs at Mount Sinai Medical Center. Twelve of these patients were referred for ESG placement for the second stage of elephant trunk reconstruction because comorbidities placed them at high risk of open surgical repair. Our database was analyzed for technical and clinical success and perioperative complications. The mean follow-up was 11.8 months (range 1-64 months). Twelve patients (five women and seven men) with a mean age of 69 +/- 10 years underwent repair of their distal aortic arch and descending TAAs. These aneurysms included nine atherosclerotic aneurysms, one pseudoaneurysm, and two penetrating atherosclerotic ulcers. Three patients were symptomatic. Stent graft repair was technically successful in 91.7% or 11 of 12 patients. Excessive aortic arch tortuosity resulted in failure to deploy a stent graft in one patient. An antegrade approach through the open elephant trunk was used in two patients with severe iliac occlusive disease. Endoleaks (type 2) were identified in two patients with no aneurysm expansion; however, a 14 mm expansion over 1 year occurred in a patient with no identifiable endoleak. One early mortality occurred in a patient with a ruptured 6 cm infrarenal AAA after successful exclusion of the 8 cm TAA. Second-stage elephant trunk reconstruction of an extensive TAA using an ESG is effective in the short term. Its long-term durability remains to be determined.
Mid-infrared upconversion based hyperspectral imaging (2018)

Mid-infrared hyperspectral imaging has in the past decade emerged as a promising tool for medical diagnostics. In this work, nonlinear frequency upconversion based hyperspectral imaging in the 6 to 8 µm spectral range is presented for the first time, using both broadband globar and narrowband quantum cascade laser illumination. AgGaS<sub>2</sub> is used as the nonlinear medium for sum frequency generation using a 1064 nm mixing laser. Angular scanning of the nonlinear crystal provides broad spectral coverage at every spatial position in the image. This study demonstrates the retrieval of series of monochromatic images acquired by a silicon based CCD camera, using both broadband and narrowband illumination and a comparison is made between the two illumination sources for hyperspectral imaging.