gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Imaging of the cross-presenting dendritic cell subsets in the skin-draining lymph node (2016)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells specialized for activating T cells to elicit effector T-cell functions. Cross-presenting DCs are a DC subset capable of presenting antigens to CD8(+) T cells and play critical roles in cytotoxic T-cell-mediated immune responses to microorganisms and cancer. Although their importance is known, the spatiotemporal dynamics of cross-presenting DCs in vivo are incompletely understood. Here, we study the T-cell zone in skin-draining lymph nodes (SDLNs) and find it is compartmentalized into regions for CD8(+) T-cell activation by cross-presenting DCs that express the chemokine (C motif) receptor 1 gene, Xcr1 and for CD4(+) T-cell activation by CD11b(+) DCs. Xcr1-expressing DCs in the SDLNs are composed of two different populations: migratory (CD103(hi)) DCs, which immigrate from the skin, and resident (CD8α(hi)) DCs, which develop in the nodes. To characterize the dynamic interactions of these distinct DC populations with CD8(+) T cells during their activation in vivo, we developed a photoconvertible reporter mouse strain, which permits us to distinctively visualize the migratory and resident subsets of Xcr1-expressing DCs. After leaving the skin, migratory DCs infiltrated to the deep T-cell zone of the SDLNs over 3 d, which corresponded to their half-life in the SDLNs. Intravital two-photon imaging showed that after soluble antigen immunization, the newly arriving migratory DCs more efficiently form sustained conjugates with antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells than other Xcr1-expressing DCs in the SDLNs. These results offer in vivo evidence for differential contributions of migratory and resident cross-presenting DCs to CD8(+) T-cell activation.
A Log-linearized Peripheral Arterial Viscoelastic Index and Its Application to Endoscopic Thoracic Sympathectomy (2012)

This paper proposes a novel technique to monitor peripheral vascular conditions by using biological signals, such as electrocardiogram, arterial pressure, and pulse oximetric plethysmogram. A second-order log-linearized model (called the log-linearized peripheral arterial viscoelastic model) is used to describe the nonlinear viscoelastic relationship between the blood pressure waveform and the transillumination plethysmographic waveform. The proposed index is able to estimate the changes of stiffness of peripheral arterial wall induced by sympathetic nervous activity, and the validity of the proposed method is then discussed by monitoring peripheral vascular conditions during arm position tests and during endoscopic thoracic sympathectomies (ETSs). As results of the arm position tests, the stiffness was arm position-independent (Up: 4.0 [%], Down: 5.5 [%]). Then, as results of the ETSs, the variation of the stiffness was significantly changed between before and during the ETS procedure (p < 0.01), and between during and after the ETS procedure (p < 0.01). The above experimental results clearly show that the proposed method can assess changes in the sympathetic nervous activity during ETSs.
Down-regulation of chemokine Ccl5 gene expression in the NTS of SHR may be pro-hypertensive (2011)

We suggest that gene expression of specific chemokines may be down-regulated to protect further inflammatory reactions in the NTS of SHR at the expense of arterial hypertension.
Age-of-information vs. value-of-information scheduling for cellular networked control systems (2019)

Age-of-Information (AoI) is a recently introduced metric for network operation with sensor applications which quantifies the freshness of data. In the context of networked control systems (NCSs), we compare the worth of the AoI metric with the value-of-information (VoI) metric, which is related to the uncertainty reduction in stochastic processes. First, we show that the uncertainty propagates non-linearly over time depending on system dynamics. Next, we define the value of a new update of the process of interest as a function of AoI and system parameters of the NCSs. We use the aggregated update value as a utility for the centralized scheduling problem in a cellular NCS composed of multiple heterogeneous control loops. By conducting a simulative analysis, we show that prioritizing transmissions with higher VoI improves performance of the NCSs compared with providing fair data freshness to all sub-systems equally.
THE EFFECT OF WALKING WITH EXERCISE POLES ON GAIT MECHANICS (1999)

521 The use of exercise poles during walking has been shown to increase O2 consumption, heart rate and respiratory exchange ratio. Walking poles have also been shown to increase static postural stability and suggested to reduce loading forces in the lower extremity during dynamic activities. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of exercise poles on walking mechanics. Gait analysis (video 60 Hz; force 1200 Hz) of the lower extremity was conducted on ten healthy adults (29 ± 5 yr., 177 ± 8 cm, 74 ± 8 kg) who completed ten trials of walking at their self self-selected speed with and without poles. An inverse dynamic analysis was used to calculate select kinetic variables. Minimal verbal instructions on how to use the poles were given prior to testing. A paired t-test was used to determine sagittal plane stance phase performance differences between conditions (∞ = 0.05). Walking poles caused a significant increase in walking speed and stride length (p = 0.01). Stance time and knee ROM were unchanged (p = 0.06). The braking impulse of the A/P GRF was decreased 20% with the poles (p < 0.001) while the Fz GRF impulse decreased 4% (p = 0.07). Hip and ankle joint angular impulses were not statistically different between conditions (p > 0.11). Knee joint flexor and extensor angular impulses increased 18% (p = 0.01) and decreased 20% (p = 0.01), respectively. Although kinematic patterns were notably similar, the subtle changes in A/P and Fz GRF and knee joint kinetics may be considered beneficial over prolonged periods of exercise.
Interview. Adjoint aux finances, un tremplin pour devenir maire (2020)

A moins de deux mois des élections municipales, dans plusieurs villes d’ex maires-adjoints aux finances sont candidats au poste suprême de maire. Cette fonction est devenue en quelques années souvent un passage obligé pour devenir édile de sa commune. Décryptage.\n
Imaging dynamics of optical vortices in 2D materials (2022)

We present the first observation of optical vortices in 2D materials. Specifically, we use ultrafast transmission electron microscopy to measure phonon-polariton-vortices in hBN. This provides the first experiment of vortex-pair creation&amp;annihilation in any optical system.
Magnesium is essential for formation of an active complex of a hammerhead ribozyme with its substrate: an investigation by NMR spectroscopy. (1995)

The effects of magnesium ions on a 32-mer ribozyme (R32) were examined by high-resolution NMR spectroscopy. In solution, R32 (without its substrate) consisted of a GAAA loop, stem II, a non-Watson Crick three-base-paired duplex and a four-base-paired duplex that included a wobble base pair. When an uncleavable substrate RNA (RdC11) was added to R32 without Mg2+ ions, a complex did not form between R32 and RdC11 because the substrate-recognition regions of R32 formed intramolecular base pairs (the recognition arms were closed). By contrast, in the presence of Mg2+ ions, the R32-RdC11 complex was formed. Moreover, titration of mixtures of R32 and RdC11 with Mg2+ ions also induced the ribozyme-substrate interaction. These data suggest that Mg2+ ions are not only important as the true catalysts in the function of ribozyme-type metalloenzymes but they also induce the structural change in the R32 hammerhead ribozyme that is necessary for establishment of the active form of the ribozyme-substrate complex.
Patterned die-to-die thin film bonding for 3D chip stacks with integrated microfluidic cooling (2012)

A novel semi-fluxless die-to-die bonding solution is presented, developed and successfully tested. Consisting of patterned thin film lead-free solder, this method was developed to meet the constraints given by the integration of state-of-the-art cooling structures into a 3D chip stack, such as minimizing the gap between the dies, sealing the active solder pads from a conductive coolant fluid and sealing the edges of the chip to prevent leakage. Non-standard solder shapes were designed for some of these purposes, and reflow experiments led to the understanding of the effect of solder aspect ratio on UBM wetting behavior. Finally, the quality of the thin bond was assessed through Focused Ion Beam cross-sections as well as daisy-chain electrical measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd(II)‐Catalyzed Formal O—H Insertion Reactions of Diazonaphthoquinones to Acetic Acid: Synthesis of 1,2‐Naphthalenediol Derivatives. (2012)

Abstract The position of the acetyl group of the products (III)/(IV) and (VI)/(VII) is undetermined although one major product is obtained in general.
Behavior labeling algorithms from accumulated sensor data matched to usage of livelihood support application (2009)

This paper presents three behavior labeling algorithms based on supervised learning using accumulated pyroelectric sensor data in the living space. We summarize features of each algorithm to use them in combination matched to usage of the livelihood support application. They are (1) labeling algorithms based on time attribution of ldquoon-offrdquo data, (2) one based on Hidden Markov Models, and (3) one based on switching model around a behavioral change-point. We show the behavior labeling results of three algorithms for one month data under the same conditions. Then we point out features on the basis of these results.
Whole Exome Sequencing of Patients with Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome (2017)

Whole exome sequencing is a sensitive approach toward diagnosis of monogenic causes of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. A molecular genetic diagnosis of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome may have important consequences for the management of treatment and kidney transplantation in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome.
All-pole modeling of speech based on the minimum variance distortionless response spectrum (2002)

We develop more fully all-pole modeling of speech based on the minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) spectrum. It is shown that MVDR modeling provides a class of all-pole models that are flexible for tackling a wide variety of speech modeling objectives. In particular the high order MVDR spectrum provides a robust model for all types of speech including voiced speech, unvoiced speech, and mixed spectra. Furthermore, it is simply obtained, and is always superior to the linear prediction (LP) spectrum. With its high quality modeling, the high order MVDR spectrum is suitable for use as a high quality reference spectrum, or for applications like speech recognition. In addition, the MVDR model possesses flexibility for developing low order all-pole models suitable for compression applications. In particular; reduced order MVDR all-pole models are shown to often outperform conventional LP filters in modeling all types of speech spectra. For more accurate modeling of a set of speech spectral samples in the frequency domain, MVDR modeling facilitates the development of superior weighted all-pole filters.
Nanoplasmonic mid-infrared biosensor for in vitro protein secondary structure detection (2017)

Plasmonic nanoantennas offer new applications in mid-infrared (mid-IR) absorption spectroscopy with ultrasensitive detection of structural signatures of biomolecules, such as proteins, due to their strong resonant near-fields. The amide I fingerprint of a protein contains conformational information that is greatly important for understanding its function in health and disease. Here, we introduce a non-invasive, label-free mid-IR nanoantenna-array sensor for secondary structure identification of nanometer-thin protein layers in aqueous solution by resolving the content of plasmonically enhanced amide I signatures. We successfully detect random coil to cross β-sheet conformational changes associated with α-synuclein protein aggregation, a detrimental process in many neurodegenerative disorders. Notably, our experimental results demonstrate high conformational sensitivity by differentiating subtle secondary-structural variations in a native β-sheet protein monolayer from those of cross β-sheets, which are characteristic of pathological aggregates. Our nanoplasmonic biosensor is a highly promising and versatile tool for <i>in vitro</i> structural analysis of thin protein layers.
Controversies in Treatment Deintensification of Human Papillomavirus–Associated Oropharyngeal Carcinomas: Should We, How Should We, and for Whom? (2013)

It has been little more than a decade since the recognition of the epidemiology, distinct molecular biology, and profile of risk factors, patient demographics, and tumor characteristics of human papillomavirus (HPV) ‐associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). 1-3 From prospective and retrospective studies, we know that patients with locally advanced, stage III/IV, HPV-associated OPSCC who are treated with standard cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy have significantly better overall survival and reduced risk of recurrence compared with patients with HPV-negative OPSCC. 4-6 More than 80% will likely be cured of their cancer. That said, it is also evident that a subset of patients demonstrate an aggressive phenotype with the development of distant spread and death as a result of their cancer. Given that the typical patient with HPV-associated OPSCC is younger (age 40 to 60 years) and without major comorbidities, increasing discussion has been focused on deintensification of treatmentinthehopesofminimizingtreatment-relatedmorbidity without compromising the current cure rates. In particular, attention has been focused on reducing the morbidity of severe late swallowing complications that result in the need for enteral nutritional support, because this has been shown to substantially affect patient quality of life. 7 Historically, typical rates of long-term gastrostomy-tube dependence were reported to be 15% to 20%. 8,9 However, with advances in radiationtechnology(suchasintensity-modulatedradiationtherapy), target delineation has become more complex, with steeper dose gradients and shifting of dose away from organs at risk, such that the current frequency of severe swallowing dysfunction needs to be reestablished. Nonetheless, maximizing quality of life by not overtreating patients is a uniformly supported goal. Deintensificationstrategieshavetodatebeenbasedonanunder
Extraction de parametres discriminatifs : application a la reconnaissance de la parole (1997)

La reconnaissance automatique de la parole suppose l'application de deux processus fondamentaux : la parametrisation du signal de parole et le decodage phonetique. La parametrisation acoustique a pour but d'extraire l'information pertinente du signal acoustique dans le but d'en fournir une description aussi compacte et representative que possible. Sa mise en oeuvre repose principalement sur des methodes issues du traitement du signal. Le decodage phonetique consiste essentiellement a classifier des formes acoustiques en vue de la reconnaissance. Differents decodeurs sont utilises a l'heure actuelle (modeles de markov caches, reseaux de neuronnes) ayant chacun leur propre algorithme d'apprentissage. Force est de constater que le processus de parametrisation acoustique et le processus decodage utilisent des criteres d'optimisation differents, alors qu'ils ont pour objectif commun la reconnaissance des unites phonetiques. On peut, par exemple, s'interroger sur l'optimalite, en terme de minimisation de l'erreur de classification, des parametres derives d'un critere de distorsion ou d'un critere de perception. En d'autres termes, les methodes classiques ne garantissent pas l'optimalite du processus global de reconnaissance. Une solution a ce probleme serait d'integrer ces deux processus dans un systeme obeissant au seul critere de minimisation des erreurs de classification. Il y aurait donc deux modules optimisables composant l'architecture du systeme : l'extracteur de traits et le processus de classification (decodeur). Cette methode, appelee en anglais discriminative feature extraction (dfe), a ete appliquee a quelques taches en parole, dans le cadre theorique mce/gpd (minimum classification error / generalized probabilistic descent method). Dans cette approache, une fonction d'erreur refletant les erreurs de classification du systeme est minimisee a l'aide d'un algorithme de descente de gradient stochastique. Le principal avantage de ce formalisme reside dans le fait qu'il peut etre applique a n'importe quels types de parametrisation et de decodage, garantissant l'optimalite du systeme ainsi realise. Cette approache est appliquee a l'optimisation des bank de filtres et des coefficients cepstraux, qui constituent les methodes de parametrisation du signal vocal les plus repandues.
High-Dose Chemotherapy with Blood or Bone Marrow Transplants for Rhabdomyosarcoma (2009)

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), the most common soft-tissue sarcoma in children, is cured with conventional therapy in 70%. However, the 5-year survival for those who relapse is about 30%, and drops to about 15% for those with unfavorable histologies (alveolar/undifferentiated subtypes). We describe outcomes of 62 subjects receiving autologous blood/bone marrow (BM) transplants for RMS between 1989 and 2003, and reported to the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplantation Research (CIBMTR). Histologic subtype was confirmed by reviewing pathology reports. Treatment-related mortality (TRM), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were evaluated. Overall, 73% of subjects were <20 years; 39% had cancer bulk >5 cm, 63% had metastasis at diagnosis, 55% had unfavorable histologies, 92% had cancer responsive to chemotherapy pretransplant, and 67% were in first remission. The 1-year TRM was 5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1%-12%) and the 5-year PFS and OS were 29% (95% CI, 18%-41%) and 32% (95% CI, 21%-44%), respectively. There was only a 4% relapse rate after the first year. There were no differences in 5-year PFS or survival based on histological subtype, transplant in first remission versus relapse (36% versus 29%; P = .5), or transplantation for poor-risk histologies in first remission versus relapse (34% versus 33%; P = .9). Our data indicate that autotransplants for RMS disease are typically done in patients with disease responsive to chemotherapy pretransplant, with approximately one-third long-term survivors. Despite high-risk factors, we also found a low TRM, perhaps reflecting the migration from marrow to blood stem cells as the graft source. Even when performed after relapse for alveolar/undifferentiated histologies, long-term survivals were seen seemingly better than results with conventional therapies.
Segmentation of Anatomical Layers and Artifacts in Intravascular Polarization Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography Using Attending Physician and Boundary Cardinality Lost Terms. (2021)

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death and require a spectrum of diagnostic procedures as well as invasive interventions. Medical imaging is a vital part of the healthcare system, facilitating both diagnosis and guidance for intervention. Intravascular ultrasound and optical coherence tomography are widely available for characterizing coronary stenoses and provide critical vessel parameters to optimize percutaneous intervention. Intravascular polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) can simultaneously provide high-resolution cross-sectional images of vascular structures while also revealing preponderant tissue components such as collagen and smooth muscle and thereby enhance plaque characterization. Automated interpretation of these features would facilitate the objective clinical investigation of the natural history and significance of coronary atheromas. Here, we propose a convolutional neural network model and optimize its performance using a new multi-term loss function to classify the lumen, intima, and media layers in addition to the guidewire and plaque artifacts. Our multi-class classification model outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in detecting the anatomical layers based on accuracy, Dice coefficient, and average boundary error. Furthermore, the proposed model segments two classes of major artifacts and detects the anatomical layers within the thickened vessel wall regions, which were excluded from analysis by other studies. The source code and the trained model are publicly available at this https URL .
Microwave Phase Shifter with Electromagnetic Signal Coupling in Silicon Bulk Technology (2006)

S.1-9
Subsets of Memory Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Elicited by Vaccination Influence the Efficiency of Secondary Expansion In Vivo (2003)

Vaccine-elicited cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) should be long-lived memory cells that can rapidly expand in number following re-exposure to antigen. The present studies were initiated to analyze the ability of plasmid interleukin-12 (IL-12) to augment CTL responses in mice when delivered during the peak phase of an immune response elicited by a plasmid human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 DNA vaccine. Delivery of plasmid IL-12 on day 10 postimmunization resulted in a robust expansion of gp120-specific CD8+ T cells, as measured by tetramer, gamma interferon ELISPOT, and functional-killing assays. Interestingly, this delayed administration of plasmid IL-12 had no significant effect on antigen-specific CD4(+)-T-cell and antibody responses. Phenotypic analyses suggested that administration of plasmid IL-12 near the time of the peak CTL response activated and expanded antigen-specific effector cells, preventing their loss through apoptosis. However, this IL-12-augmented population of gp120-specific CD8+ T cells did not efficiently expand following gp120 boost immunization, suggesting that these effector cells would be of little utility in expanding to contain a viral infection. Analyses of the phenotypic profile and anatomic distribution of the plasmid IL-12-augmented CTL population indicated that these lymphocytes were primarily effector memory rather than central memory T cells. These observations suggest that CTL-based vaccines should elicit central memory rather than effector memory T cells and illustrate the importance of monitoring the phenotype and functionality of vaccine-induced, antigen-specific CTL.
Inorganic-Filler Chemical Vapor Deposition:  A New Approach To Grow Nanoporous Thin Films (2005)

A new method for the growth of nanoporous thin films is described. The process is targeted to the formation of titanium dioxide (TiO2) through a low-temperature inorganic-filler chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. The growth technique employs gas-phase reaction of an alkali metal (Na) and a metal halide (TiCl4) and subsequent thin film growth within a low-pressure coflow diffusion reactor. Titanium and salt were codeposited from the gas phase on a heated graphite substrate placed within the reaction zone. After deposition, salt was removed from the surface through a water rinse, yielding a nanoporous structure. The remaining thin film was oxidized to yield titanium dioxide. Qualitative analysis of surface nanostructure and quantitative analysis of pore characteristics showed that the films contained TiO2 in both anatase and rutile phases, with porosities ranging between 55 and 67%. The dependence of film thickness and pore characteristics on reactant velocity, substrate temperature, and reactant concentration are presented. The synthesis scheme should be generic to the formation of a wide variety of metal and metal oxide porous thin films.