gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Progress in Poly (3‐Hexylthiophene) Organic Solar Cells and the Influence of Its Molecular Weight on Device Performance (2018)

Abstract Poly (3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) was an early frontrunner in the development of donor polymers to be used in organic photovoltaics. A relatively straightforward and inexpensive synthesis suggests that it may be the most viable donor polymer to use in large‐scale commercial organic solar cells. Replacing fullerenes with new electron acceptors has led to significant improvements in device performance and stability, with devices now able to exceed an efficiency of 7%. Past studies have reported a dependence of device performance on the molecular weight of the polymer in fullerene‐containing blends, however, with nonfullerene acceptors now showing promise a similar study was needed. P3HT blends, with two nonfullerene acceptors (O‐IDTBR and EH‐IDTBR), were probed using a number of polymer batches with varying molecular weights. O‐IDTBR was shown to exhibit a dependence on the polymer molecular weight, with optimal performance achieved with a 34 kDa polymer, while EH‐IDTBR displayed an independence in performance with varying polymer molecular weight. Probing the thermal and morphological behavior of the P3HT:O‐IDTBR blends suggests that an optimal morphology with pronounced donor and acceptor domains was only achieved with the 34 kDa polymer, and a greater degree of mixing was exhibited in the other blends, likely leading to poorer device performance.
Functional Regulatory T Cells Produced by Inhibiting Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase Type 3 Prevent Allograft Rejection (2011)

Regulatory T cells (T(regs)) manipulated ex vivo have potential as cellular therapeutics in autoimmunity and transplantation. Although it is possible to expand naturally occurring T(regs), an attractive alternative possibility, particularly suited to solid organ and bone marrow transplantation, is the stimulation of total T cell populations with defined allogeneic antigen-presenting cells (APCs) under conditions that lead to the generation or expansion of donor-reactive, adaptive T(regs). Here we demonstrate that stimulation of mouse CD4(+) T cells by immature allogeneic dendritic cells combined with pharmacological inhibition of phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE) resulted in a functional enrichment of Foxp3(+) T cells. Without further manipulation or selection, the resultant population delayed skin allograft rejection mediated by polyclonal CD4(+) effectors or donor-reactive CD8(+) T cell receptor transgenic T cells and inhibited both effector cell proliferation and T cell priming for interferon-γ production. Notably, PDE inhibition also enhanced the enrichment of human Foxp3(+) CD4(+) T cells driven by allogeneic APCs. These cells inhibited T cell proliferation in a standard in vitro mixed lymphocyte assay and, moreover, attenuated the development of vasculopathy mediated by autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells in a functionally relevant humanized mouse transplant model. These data establish a method for the ex vivo generation of graft-reactive, functional mouse and human T(regs) that uses a clinically approved agent, making pharmacological PDE inhibition a potential strategy for T(reg)-based therapies.
Attacking the Global Plastics Waste Problem (2020)

"Plastic waste is a growing problem on a global scale, with the annual global production of synthetic polymers (now >500 million tons per year) predicted to triple by 2050. At present, large volumes of polymeric waste migrate directly into the environment, and less than 2% of polymeric waste is collected and reused in high-value applications. A key obstacle to effective recycling is the vast number of formulations—each tailored to address a particular type of application—which is key to commercial success of polymers but creates a near-impossible separation problem during mechanical recycling and renders current approaches to chemical recycling inefficient. We are proposing to address this problem by creating a convergent academic center focused on the circular economy of synthetic polymers. This center will tightly integrate the science and engineering of plastics recycling (via a novel approach to chemical recycling of polyolefins using liquid metal catalysts and the a priori design of recyclable thermoset plastics) into the framework of life cycle and techno-economic analyses, and law and governance assessments. Towards this goal, the center will convene faculty from the Swanson School of Engineering, the Dietrich School or Arts & Sciences, and the Law School, with the required complementary expertise. Efforts in year one will be focused on nucleating the collaborative efforts and producing initial results, which then will form the basis for convening a workshop at the start of year 2. This workshop will be used to scale up the effort by connecting to other US academics, industrial partners, and NSF and DOE program managers, in order to position ourselves for large center grants (e.g. NSF ERC, DOE EFRC), and create interest among potential industry sponsors (in particular members of the Alliance to End Global Plastic waste) to join and support this effort."
ChemInform Abstract: 5‐Benzylidene 1,2‐Dihydrochromeno[3,4‐f]quinolines, a Novel Class of Nonsteroidal Human Progesterone Receptor Agonists. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Anti-Endothelial Cell Antibodies (AECA) in Systemic Sclerosis - Increased Sensitivity using Different Endothelial Cell Substrates and Association with Other Autoantibodies (2001)

Since false-negative AECA may result from lack of expression of various antigens on a specific EC, analysis of AECA in SSc patients requires using several EC types, including microvascular EC.
Real-time Sonography With Electromagnetic Tracking Navigation for Biopsy of a Hepatic Neoplasm Seen Only on Arterial Phase Computed Tomography (2011)

This case illustrates the ability of electromagnetic tracking navigation to localize difficult targets in real time during biopsy or ablation of lesions that are only transiently apparent on arterial phase computed tomography and may be unapparent on sonography. Readily available technology enabling multimodality registration to sonography allows for the use of positron emission tomographic, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomographic information during sonographically guided procedures and examinations.
Impact of early molecular response to nilotinib (NIL) or imatinib (IM) on the long-term outcomes of newly diagnosed patients (pts) with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP): Landmark analysis of 4-year (y) data from ENESTnd. (2013)

7054^ Background: ENESTnd demonstrated the superiority of NIL to IM in pts with newly diagnosed CML-CP, such as higher rates of molecular response (MR) and reduced risk of progression to accelerated phase (AP)/blast crisis (BC). This landmark analysis of ENESTnd is based on BCR-ABL transcript levels at 3 mo, with 4 y of follow-up. Methods: Rates of major MR (MMR; BCR-ABL IS ≤ 0.1%), MR 4.5 (BCR-ABL IS ≤ 0.0032%), progression to AP/BC, overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS) in pts in the NIL 300 mg twice daily (BID; n = 282) and IM 400 mg once daily (QD; n = 283) arms of ENESTnd were evaluated based on 3-mo BCR-ABL levels (≤ 10% vs &gt; 10%). Results: More pts treated with NIL than IM achieved BCR-ABL ≤ 10% at 3 mo (91% vs 67%; Table). Other factors associated with MR at 3 mo included Sokal risk, spleen size, chromosomal abnormalities, white blood cell count, and median dose intensity (for NIL). On both arms, pts with BCR-ABL ≤ 10% at 3 mo had significantly higher rates of MMR and MR 4.5 and significantly improved PFS and OS than pts with BCR-ABL &gt; 10% at 3 mo. Of the pts with BCR-ABL &gt; 10% at 3 mo, 2 on NIL (8%) and 14 on IM (16%) progressed to AP/BC on study. Half of these progressions occurred between 3 and 6 mo. Analyses of outcomes based on BCR-ABL levels at 6 mo were similar to findings based on 3-mo data. Conclusions: BCR-ABL levels ≤ 10% at 3 mo were associated with superior outcomes, including higher rates of MR 4.5 by 4 y and lower risk of disease progression. More pts treated with NIL than IM achieved this early level of MR. Clinical trial information: NCT00471497. [Table: see text]
Enantioselective Intermolecular Addition of Aliphatic Amines to Acyclic Dienes with a Pd–PHOX Catalyst (2017)

We report a method for the catalytic, enantioselective intermolecular addition of aliphatic amines to acyclic 1,3-dienes. In most cases, reactions proceed efficiently at or below room temperature in the presence of 5 mol % of a Pd catalyst bearing a PHOX ligand, generating allylic amines in up to 97:3 er. The presence of an electron-deficient phosphine within the ligand not only leads to a more active catalyst but also is critical for achieving high site selectivity in the transformation.
Common Mode EMC Input Filter Design for a Three-Phase Buck-Type PWM Rectifier System (2006)

The EMC input filter design for a three-phase PWM rectifier is usually separated into the design of the differential (DM) and of the common mode (CM) stage. While for the DM filter part design rules and procedures are well-known and the parameters are easier to derive, the CM filter design is often based on trial-and-error methods and/or on the experience of the designer. In this work, a comprehensive design procedure for a CM EMC input filter is performed exemplarily for a three-phase three-switch buck-type PWM rectifier with an integrated boost output stage. A simplified model of the CM noise propagation is developed and the relevant parasitic impedances are identified. A capacitive connection from the star-point of the DM input filter to the capacitive centre point of the rectifier output voltage is proposed and the effect of this measure concerning CM EMC is verified. Finally, a two stage CM filter is designed and the compliance to the conducted emission requirements of CISPR 22 class A is verified through measurements on a 5 kW prototype
Nanofluidic Channel Fabrication and Characterization by Micromachining (2003)

The well-established microfabrication techniques of complementary metallic oxide silicon (CMOS) selective oxidation and wafer-wafer fusion bonding were used to fabricate sub-micrometer silicon fluidic channels as small as 30 nm between extremely thin SiO2 top and bottom layers of 30 nm thicknesses. Trenches a few tens of nanometer deep were patterned in 10-cm diameter Si wafers by selective oxidation and their depth measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM); the AFM measured depths showed that the trench depth could be controlled to nanometer resolution. The resolution of the photolithography employed determined the trench width resolution. Nanochannels were formed with direct wafer-wafer fusion bonding. Channels of 30-nm depth or greater between the bonded wafer pair were nondestructively detected by a simple infrared (IR) image system; channels less than this depth collapsed for the overall channel geometry employed. Thus the nanofluidic structures survived the pressure and high temperature anneal of wafer bonding. Experimental results agree well with a theoretical prediction for which depths nanochannels would collapse.
Compressor Calorimeter Test of R-410A Alternative: R-32/134a Mixture Using a Scroll Compressor (2014)

As a contribution to the AHRI Low-GWP Alternative Refrigerants Evaluation Program (AREP), this study compares the performance of lower-GWP alternative refrigerant R-32 + R-134a mixture, to that of refrigerant R-410A (baseline) in a scroll compressor designed for air-conditioning and heat pump applications. These comparisons were carried out via compressor calorimeter tests performed on a compressor designed for refrigerant R-410A and having a nominal rated capacity of 21,300 Btu/hr. Tests were conducted over a suction dew point temperature range of 10 F to 55 F in 5 F increments and a discharge dew point temperature range of 70 F to 140 F in 10 F increments. All the tests were performed with 20 F superheat, 40 F superheat, and 65 F suction temperature. A liquid subcooling level of 15 F was maintained for all the test conditions. The tests showed that the discharge temperature of the alternative refrigerant was higher than that of R-410A at all test conditions. Also, the energy efficiency ratio (EER) and cooling capacity of compressor using the alternative refrigerant were slightly lower in comparison to that of R-410A.
A New Paradigm for Spectrum Sharing Between Cellular Wireless Communications and Radio Astronomy Systems (2017)

This paper proposes a new paradigm for spectrum sharing between cellular wireless communications (CWC) and radio astronomy systems (RAS). In contrast to the existing paradigm of geographical and spectral isolation between CWC and RAS, this paper develops a three phase spectrum access, which enables geographical and spectral coexistence between CWC and RAS. Shared spectrum access zone (SSAZ) is created around the RAS site and CWC cells within the SSAZ follow the three phase spectrum access scheme while those outside the SSAZ have full spectrum access. In addition, system characteristics-based improved spectrum sharing is developed. Furthermore, a built-in fine tuning mechanism is presented for addressing mismatches between design and practical environments as well as for facilitating service evolutions. Performance evaluation results demonstrate that the proposed paradigm offers 1) certain guaranteed spectrum access to RAS, which is impossible in the existing paradigm, 2) capability to handle higher peak and mean traffics to CWC under spectrum restructuring of both CWC and RAS bands, and 3) overall improved spectrum utilization.
Information theoretic perspective of physical layer security (2022)

Different perspectives have been formed on the security concept in communication technologies. As a result, academic researchers and experts in the field have developed many different approaches to data security. The dominant approach for data security has been cryptography for many years. However, recently physical layer security (PLS) research gathered enormous attention from the researchers. Even though mentioned approaches look quite different, they share the same fundamentals and philosophy. In this regard, this chapter first introduces readers to the history of security concepts in communication systems. Next, the information theory-based philosophy of secrecy is established. Finally, performance metrics that can be used to evaluate a security system are given to the readers. This chapter aims to explain the overall idea of PLS systems and form a handbook for researchers, engineers, and experts to consult in their research.
Surface Exchange Coefficients of Composite Cathode Materials Using In Situ Isothermal Isotope Exchange (2011)

Isothermal isotope exchange (IIE) was used to evaluate the surface kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction on composite cathode materials. With IIE, powder materials can be tested to ensure surface exchange behavior is isolated. Macroscopic diffusion coefficients and surface exchange coefficients were extracted from composite cathode powders (LSCF/GDC), (LSM/YSZ), and (LSM/GDC) using IIE, and characteristic thicknesses were calculated from the ratio of . Mixed ionic and electronic conductor LSCF/GDC was shown to have the highest values between 500 and and values above . Adding an ionically conducting phase to LSM significantly improved the magnitude of , which below were highest for LSM/YSZ of the three composites. In addition, LSM/YSZ and LSM/GDC exhibited an apparent negative activation energy, which can be explained by a precursor-mediated mechanism for dissociative adsorption. Sample thicknesses (particle size) were shown to be well below characteristic thicknesses , ensuring that samples were in a surface exchange controlled regime and validating the accuracy of the extracted values.
Changing separating distances between immune receptors as a sensitive mechanism regulating T cell activation (2010)

It is widely believed that T-cell activation typically requires T-cell receptor (TCR) to form clusters, a necessary prerequisite for activation of proximal signaling proteins. How close the receptor molecules should approach each other to trigger the signaling? Is this just receptor gathering or whether the clusters of the receptors have internal organizational infrastructure that can lead to variations in the proximal signaling?
Caspase-8 deficiency induces a switch from TLR3 induced apoptosis to lysosomal cell death in neuroblastoma (2021)

In cancer cells only, TLR3 acquires death receptor properties by efficiently triggering the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis with Caspase-8 as apical protease. Here, we demonstrate that in the absence of Caspase-8, activation of TLR3 can trigger a form of programmed cell death, which is distinct from classical apoptosis. When TLR3 was activated in the Caspase-8 negative neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y, cell death was accompanied by lysosomal permeabilization. Despite caspases being activated, lysosomal permeabilization as well as cell death were not affected by blocking caspase-activity, positioning lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) upstream of caspase activation. Taken together, our data suggest that LMP with its deadly consequences represents a "default" death mechanism in cancer cells, when Caspase-8 is absent and apoptosis cannot be induced.
PLASMA (2019)

The recent version of the Parallel Linear Algebra Software for Multicore Architectures (PLASMA) library is based on tasks with dependencies from the OpenMP standard. The main functionality of the library is presented. Extensive benchmarks are targeted on three recent multicore and manycore architectures, namely, an Intel Xeon, Intel Xeon Phi, and IBM POWER 8 processors.
Compact Gigahertz Repetition Rate Kerr-lens Mode Locked Ti:Al2O3 Lasers using Positive Dispersion (1995)

Kerr-lens mode locking (KLM)[1,2] is a powerful technique for generating ultrashort pulses from many different gain media and laser cavity geometries. To date, these lasers all require the use of dispersion compensating intracavity elements to provide net negative dispersion. Pulse shortening is enhanced by a soliton-like interplay between net negative dispersion and self-phase modulation. Analysis has shown[3] that net negative dispersion (−GVD), while not necessary for pulse formation, has the advantages of generating chirp- free pulses without requiring strong KLM nonlinearities. Pulse formation in the presence of net positive dispersion (+GVD) requires a stronger KLM nonlinearity and results in comparatively longer, chirped pulses. In the +GVD case, minimization of chirp and pulse duration can be achieved by optimizing KLM nonlinearities, and by reducing intracavity dispersion. In this paper, we demonstrate self starting KLM mode locking in compact lasers without the need for intracavity dispersion compensation. Since most techniques for dispersion compensation provide serious limitations to cavity size, the elimination of intracavity dispersion compensation permits a wide range of very compact and simple laser cavity designs. We present a compact positive dispersion Ti:Al2O3 laser design that achives high average power, ultrashort pulses at gigahertz repetition rates.
OPTIMAL DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS FOR ORDINAL RESPONSES (1997)

Optimal classification formulation is adapted to the context of discrimination when the response is ordinal. The resulting method, optimal discriminant analysis for ordinal responses (ODAO), is presented and compared with two reference discrimination techniques used in this context (proportional-odds ordinal logistic regression and normal discrimination) using a study of prognosis following burn injuries and simulated data. The ODAO method clearly outperforms both reference methods in terms of classification accuracy (in training and validation samples), robustness to outliers, simplicity of use and applicability in clinical settings. ODAO is a promising method for improving classification performance in discrimination with ordinal responses and merits further investigation.
Metal-Enhanced S1 and Alpha- S1 Fluorescence: Effects of Far-Field Excitation Irradiance on Enhanced Fluorescence (2014)

Metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) and delayed fluorescence (alpha α-S1) studies of acriflavin have been undertaken using steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence measurements on silver island films (SiFs) supporting a thin poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) polymer film. Nearly a 3.5-fold enhancement in the far-field fluorescence intensity of acriflavin is observed coupled with a decrease in decay times and an improved fluorophore photostability. Our findings are consistent with our proposed model of the coupling and transferring of the excited state energies of fluorophores to silver surface plasmons. Further, an excitation power dependence of MEF is observed in these films, consistent with our postulate of MEF EVE (MEF excitation volumetric effect) and, ultimately, resulting in a ∼7-fold enhancement in fluorescence intensity. Our findings suggest a significant opportunity for the development of shorter-lived, brighter, high photon flux luminescent materials for multifarious applications in the life-sciences.
Work-Life Balance Programs to Improve Employee Performance (2016)

Although work-life balance programs in the United States have become increasingly popular through the years, there is still a need to understand the contributions of these programs on employee performance. The purpose of this case study was to explore the work-life balance programs that nonprofit school leaders utilize to improve employee performance at a charter school organization. The job demands-resources model formed the conceptual framework for this study. Data were collected through semistructured interviews from a purposeful sample of 10 managers and 10 non-managerial employees working at a charter school organization in Harlem, New York. Data collection also included organizational performance track indicator documents on employee absenteeism, turnover, motivation, productivity, job satisfaction, and retention, archived organizational records on WLB programs, and current WLB programs and policies guidelines. Through methodological triangulation, a number of themes emerged. These themes included work-life balance programs' effectiveness, the importance of a supportive work environment, employee commitment and motivation, employee well-being and productivity, employee job satisfaction and quality work life, organizational culture change, and low utilization of the job sharing program. According to the study results, work-life balance programs could help improve organizational culture and employee overall performance. The results of this study may contribute to social change by preparing employers for success while simultaneously positioning individuals to attain optimum balance between work and life responsibilities.
Picosecond double pass amplifier (1980)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text R. Miles, G. Laufer, C. Paddock, and G. Faris, "Picosecond double pass amplifier," Appl. Opt. 19, 3595-3595 (1980) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article