gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mutation analyses of North American APS-1 patients (1999)

Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy syndrome type 1 (APS-1; MIM# 240300) is a rare autosomal recessively inherited disease characterised by destructive autoimmune diseases of endocrine glands. The gene responsible for APS-1, known as AIRE (for autoimmune regulator), was recently identified and contains motifs suggestive of a transcription regulator. To date, nine APS-1-associated mutations have been identified in the AIRE gene, including two common mutations R257X and 1094-1106del. In addition to these two mutations, we report seven novel mutations in 16 APS-1 patients from North America. We found that 1094-1106del and R257X were the most common mutations in this population of mixed geoethnic origin, accounting for 17/32 and 4/32 alleles, respectively. Haplotype analyses suggest that both are recurrent mutations, occurring on several different haplotypes with closely linked markers. All the novel mutations appear to be rare, occurring in only single APS-1 families. After examining all coding sequences and exon/intron boundaries of the AIRE gene, the other APS-1 allele remained unidentified in three patients. Genotype-phenotype correlations for APS-1 remain difficult, suggesting that other genetic or environmental factors, or both, influence the clinical presentation and disease progression in individual APS-1 patients.
Structure–Activity Relationship Studies of Acetazolamide-Based Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors with Activity against Neisseria gonorrhoeae (2021)

<i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> is an urgent threat to public health in the United States and around the world. Many of the current classes of antibiotics to treat <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> infection are quickly becoming obsolete due to increased rates of resistance. Thus, there is a critical need for alternative antimicrobial targets and new chemical entities. Our team has repurposed the FDA-approved carbonic anhydrase inhibitor scaffold of acetazolamide to target <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> and the bacteria's essential carbonic anhydrase, NgCA. This study established both structure-activity and structure-property relationships that contribute to both antimicrobial activity and NgCA activity. This ultimately led to molecules <b>20</b> and <b>23</b>, which displayed minimum inhibitory concentration values as low as 0.25 μg/mL equating to an 8- to 16-fold improvement in antigonococcal activity compared to acetazolamide. These analogues were determined to be bacteriostatic against the pathogen and likely on-target against NgCA. Additionally, they did not exhibit any detrimental effects in cellular toxicity assays against both a human endocervical (End1/E6E7) cell line or colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (Caco-2) at concentrations up to 128 μg/mL. Taken together, this study presents a class of antigonococcal agents with the potential to be advanced for further evaluation in <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> infection models.
Multiscale Entropy Analysis with Low-Dimensional Exhaustive Search for Detecting Heart Failure (2019)

Multiscale entropy (MSE) is widely used to analyze heartbeat signals. Even though cardiologists do not use MSE to diagnose heart failure at present, these studies are of importance and have potential clinical applications. In previous studies, MSE discrimination between old congestive heart failure (CHF) and healthy individuals has remained controversial. Few studies have been published on the discrimination between them, using only MSE with machine learning for automatic multidimensional analysis, with reported testing accuracies of less than 86%. In this study, we determined the optimal MSE scales for discrimination by using a low-dimensional exhaustive search along with three classifiers—linear discriminant analysis (LDA), support vector machine (SVM), and k-nearest neighbor (KNN). In younger people (&lt;55 years), the results showed an accuracy of up to 95.5% with two optimal MSE scales (2D) and up to 97.7% with four optimal MSE scales (4D) in discriminating between young CHF and healthy participants. In older people (≥55 years), the discrimination accuracy reached 90.1% using LDA in 2D, SVM in 3D (three optimal MSE scales), and KNN in 5D (five optimal MSE scales). LDA with a 3D exhaustive search also achieved 94.4% accuracy in older people. Therefore, the results indicate that MSE analysis can differentiate between CHF and healthy individuals of any age.
Fine and Coarse Tunability over a Continuous 8.1-ns Delay Range with Access to Multiple Possible Delays using a Frequency Comb (2018)

A continuous delay range of 8.1 ns is achieved with simultaneous access to four different delays. Our system’s penalty is ~2 dB for a 10 Gbaud QPSK signal. We also add a HNLF to convert one of the delays to the original wavelength, adding ~ 0.3 dB penalty.
Nasal Tip Wound Repair Using a Rhombic Transposition Flap with a Double Z‐Plasty at Its Base (2014)

This chapter discusses the case of a 65-year-old Caucasian woman with a primary basal cell carcinoma on the nasal tip. The basal cell carcinoma was completely removed with two stages of Mohs micrographic surgery. The defect was repaired with a rhombic transposition flap with a double Z-plasty at its base. Due to the lack of columella skin inferiorly, a rhombic flap design could only be done with a lateral and superior incision. To enhance the flap movement and to preclude alar rim elevation, a second flap was necessary. Using the smaller rhombic flaps (which are actually Z-plasties), alar rim elevation and, more importantly, dorsal nasal depression (saddle nose deformity) were avoided. The mobility of a rhombic transposition flap can be enhanced by the addition of a double Z-plasty. Although the standing cone was still slightly present in the patient 2 years after surgery, it is barely noticeable.
Recognizing, Catalyzing, and Embracing Change (2016)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTRecognizing, Catalyzing, and Embracing ChangeRobin D. RogersView Author Information McGill UniversityCite this: Cryst. Growth Des. 2016, 16, 1, 1–2Publication Date (Web):January 6, 2016Publication History Published online6 January 2016Published inissue 6 January 2016https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.cgd.5b01801https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.5b01801editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2016 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views669Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (3 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Crystal engineering,Crystal structure,Crystallization,Crystallography Get e-Alerts
An astrocytic binding site for neuronal Thy-1 and its effect on neurite outgrowth. (1995)

Thy-1, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is one of the most abundant glycoproteins on mammalian neurons. Nevertheless, its role in the peripheral or central nervous system is poorly understood. Certain monoclonal antibodies to Thy-1 promote neurite outgrowth by rodent central nervous system neurons in vitro, suggesting that Thy-1 functions, in part, by modulating neurite outgrowth. We describe a binding site for Thy-1 on astrocytes. This Thy-1-binding protein has been characterized by immunofluroesence with specific anti-idiotype monoclonal antibodies and by three competitive binding assays using (i) anti-idiotype antibodies, (ii) purified Thy-1, and (iii) Thy-1-transfected cells. The Thy-1-binding protein may participate in axonal or dendritic development in the nervous system.
Characterization and Prognostic Value of Persistent Hyponatremia in Patients With Severe Heart Failure in the ESCAPE Trial (2007)

Persistent hyponatremia was an independent predictor of mortality, HF hospitalization, and death or rehospitalization despite clinical and hemodynamic improvements that were similar to those in patients without hyponatremia.
Phase and amplitude imaging from noisy images by Kalman filtering (2011)

We propose and demonstrate a computational method for complex-field imaging from many noisy intensity images with varying defocus, using an extended complex Kalman filter. The technique offers dynamic smoothing of noisy measurements and is recursive rather than iterative, so is suitable for adaptive measurements. The Kalman filter provides near-optimal results in very low-light situations and may be adapted to propagation through turbulent, scattering, or nonlinear media.
PRODUCTION, CHARACTERIZATION AND IMPLANTATION OF ACELLULAR PORCINE RENAL SCAFFOLDS IN PIGS (2010)

Orlando, G.1; Mirmalek-Sani, S.2; Farney, A.3; Sullivan, D. C.2; Iskandar, S.4; Baptista, P.2; Wood, K. J.5; Aboushwareb, T.2; Atala, A.2; Yoo, J.2; Soker, S.2 Author Information
Amin‐bis(ethen)nickel(o)‐Komplexe; Struktur von 1‐Azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan‐bis(ethen)nickel(o) (1989)

Die Bildung von Komplexen aus „weichen”︁ Lewis‐Säuren und „harten”︁ Basen ist nach dem HSAB‐Konzept nicht begünstigt. Überraschenderweise ließen sich dennoch aus Tris‐(ethen)nickel(o) und Aminen kristalline Komplexe vom Typ [(Amin)Ni(C 2 H 4 ) 2 ] sowie ein Zweikern‐Komplex [(1,4‐Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octan)Ni 2 (C 2 H 4 ) 4 ] erhalten. Die Titelverbindung 1 ist hochsymmetrisch. magnified image
Silver‐Triggered Activity of a Heterogeneous Palladium Catalyst in Oxidative Carbonylation Reactions (2020)

A silver-triggered heterogeneous Pd-catalyzed oxidative carbonylation has been developed. This heterogeneous process exhibits high efficiency and good recyclability, and was utilized for the one-pot construction of polycyclic compounds with multiple chiral centers. AgOTf was used to remove chloride ions in the heterogeneous catalyst Pd-AmP-CNC, thereby generating highly active Pd<sup>II</sup> , which results in high efficiency of the heterogeneous catalytic system.
Color Scrambling for Secure Digital Content Distribution (2010)

In order to distribute creative image content, authors go to great lengths to safeguard that it is used and reproduced in the way they want. In this paper we propose to use the framework of ICC color management in a novel way, in order to provide a means for determining two aspects of image reproduction: 1. on what devices and media it can be printed and 2. who authors want their content to print. We achieve this by creating a custom pair of ICC profiles, one part of which acts as a &#x201C;public-key&#x201D; and the other as a &#x201C;private-key&#x201D;, while the color management engine acts as the encoder/decoder. The key to this approach is to depart from the pre-requisite of a common Profile Connection Space and instead generate a multitude of encrypted spaces. If the profile used to encode an image uses the same encrypted space as the profile used to decode it, the image is reconstructed without error, if this is not the case the reconstructed image is unusable as the colors are scrambled. The main benefit of this approach is that it requires no changes to the typical workflow of converting between color spaces using existing software, while affording control over content in a safe and easy way.
Imaging of thyroid tumor angiogenesis with microbubbles targeted to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 in mice (2013)

We demonstrated that CEUS with UCAVEGFR-2 might be used for in vivo non invasive detection and quantification of VEGFR-2 expression in thyroid cancer in mice, and to differentiate benign from malignant thyroid nodules.
Gas desorption from FEA-phosphor screen pairs (2002)

Gas desorption from a field emitter array (FEA) cathode and phosphor screen anode in a flat panel display must be controlled so that outgassing products produced during display operation do not change cathode electron emission and degrade display performance and uniformity. In order to help understand such desorption processes and to help define pumping requirements in FEA displays, we have determined the major species outgassing from two phosphor screen-FEA cathode systems. The screens were made from YAG:Cr and ZnGa/sub 2/O/sub 4/, candidate materials for use as low voltage phosphors. The YAG:Cr phosphor screen has spectral output primarily in the red, the ZnGa/sub 2/O/sub 4/, in the blue. Outgassing products were measured outside the line-of-sight of both the FEA and phosphor screens. Therefore, if the FEA-screen pairs studied were in a flat panel display, the products detected would be those pumped by appendage pumps mounted on the flat panel. In the current study, we do not measure the source of the products (FEA or screen).
Using prosody and phonotactics in Arabic dialect identification (2009)

While Modern Standard Arabic is the formal spoken and written language of the Arab world, dialects are the major communication mode for everyday life; identifying a speaker's dialect is thus critical to speech processing tasks such as automatic speech recognition, as well as speaker identification.We examine the role of prosodic features (intonation and rhythm) across four Arabic dialects: Gulf, Iraqi, Levantine, and Egyptian, for the purpose of automatic dialect identification.We show that prosodic features can significantly improve identification, over a purely phonotactic-based approach, with an identification accuracy of 86.33% for 2m utterances.
Generation of spatiotemporally tailored terahertz wavepackets by nonlinear metasurfaces (2019)

The past two decades have witnessed an ever-growing number of emerging applications that utilize terahertz (THz) waves, ranging from advanced biomedical imaging, through novel security applications, fast wireless communications, and new abilities to study and control matter in all of its phases. The development and deployment of these emerging technologies is however held back, due to a substantial lack of simple methods for efficient generation, detection and manipulation of THz waves. Recently it was shown that uniform nonlinear metasurfaces can efficiently generate broadband single-cycle THz pulses. Here we show that judicious engineering of the single-emitters that comprise the metasurface, enables to obtain unprecedented control of the spatiotemporal properties of the emitted THz wavepackets. We specifically demonstrate generation of propagating spatiotemporal quadrupole and few-cycles THz pulses with engineered angular dispersion. Our results place nonlinear metasurfaces as a new promising tool for generating application-tailored THz fields with controlled spatial and temporal characteristics.
Integrated Chip for Continuous-variable Quantum Key Distribution using Silicon Photonic Fabrication (2018)

A continuous-variable quantum key distribution system based on silicon photonic chip is designed and tested. A proof-of-principle test shows the secure key-rate can reach 1.92 Mbit/s at 0 km and 37 kbit/s at 45 km distance.
Subject Index Vol. 36, 1983 (1983)

cell culture 64 -renin-angiotensin system 340 -stem 457 Bromocriptine
MultiComBat: ComBat harmonization of multiple batch variables (2023)

Background: ComBat is a promising harmonization method for biomedical imaging data acquired on multiple scanners, but it cannot harmonize by multiple batch effects. In this work, we generalize the ComBat model to incorporate multiple batch effects and modify the estimation algorithm to estimate the corresponding corrections. We evaluate our method, which we refer to as MultiComBat, in simulated data and demonstrate effective harmonization. Methods: In MultiComBat, the standard ComBat model is generalized to incorporate multiple batch variables by taking the sum and product of location and scale parameters across all batch memberships for a sample. The estimation algorithm for MultiComBat frames the method of moments estimation for the hyperparameters of the prior distributions for the location and scale parameters as a system of equations solvable with least squares. The hyperparameters are then used in posterior estimation for the location and scale correction factors needed for final data adjustment. We evaluate the MultiComBat approach by adding simulated batch effects for multiple batch variables to simulated radiomic features. Results: MultiComBat reduced the number of features with significant distribution differences due to multiple batch variables and resulted in more visually similar feature distributions, indicating successful correction of multiple batch effects. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that MultiComBat can be used to harmonize by multiple batch effects and is superior to standard ComBat. Larger studies are warranted to fully validate these findings.
Metamaterials based on plasmonic nanoshells and loss-compensation using fluorescent dye molecules and quantum dots (2012)

Composite materials based on plasmonic nanoparticles allow building metamaterials with very large effective permittivity (positive or negative) or &epsilon;-near-zero; moreover, if clustered or combined with other nanoparticles, it is possible to generate also effective magnetic permeability (positive or negative), and an ad-hoc design would result in the generation of double negative materials, and therefore backward wave propagation. However, losses are usually significant and affect the metamaterial performance. In this work, we report on the possibility of adopting fluorescent dye molecules or quantum dots, optically pumped, embedded into the dielectric cores of the employed nanoshell particles, and provide loss-compensation in ordered 3D periodic arrays at optical frequencies. Each spherical nanoshell is modeled as an electric dipole. We consider nanoparticles with gold and silver shells. We then find the modes with complex wavenumber in the metamaterial, and describe the composite material in terms of homogenized effective material parameters (refractive index and permittivity). Furthermore, in case of loss-compensation, we compare the results obtained from modal analysis with the ones computed by using two different homogenization methods: (i) Maxwell Garnett homogenization theory and (ii) Nicholson-Ross-Weir retrieval method. We show the design of two &epsilon;-near-zero metamaterials with low losses by simulating gain material made of dyes or quantum dots with realistic parameters. A brief discussion about the employment of the two kinds of active gain materials adopted here is given in the end.
Small Mechanical Strains Selectively Suppress Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 Expression by Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (1998)

Mechanical forces and biochemical stimuli may interact to regulate cellular responses. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that very small mechanical strains interact with growth factors in the regulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1. Human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were cultured on a precoated silicone membrane in a device that imposes a highly uniform biaxial strain. VSMCs cultured on fibronectin were treated with cyclic 1-Hz strains of 0, 1, or 4%, and MMPs were assayed by Western analysis or gelatin zymography. Small strains did not induce MMP-1 in VSMCs, but strain was a potent inhibitor of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)- or tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced synthesis of MMP-1. In contrast, MMP-2 and TIMP-2 levels were not changed by PDGF and/or mechanical strain. VSMCs strained on the 120-kDa chymotryptic fragment of fibronectin or RGD peptides suppressed PDGF-induced expression of MMP-1, indicating that this effect is not mediated by the heparin-binding domain or connecting segment-1 of fibronectin. Northern analysis of ets-1, a transcriptional activator of MMP-1 expression, showed that strain down-regulated ets-1 expression, whereas c-fos expression was augmented. Thus, small deformations can selectively suppress MMP-1 synthesis by VSMCs, demonstrating the exquisite sensitivity of the cell to mechanical stimuli.
A New, Potent Urotensin II Receptor Peptide Agonist Containing a Pen Residue at the Disulfide Bridge (2002)

Replacing Cys(5) by Pen (penicillamine, beta,beta-dimethylcysteine) in the cyclic C-terminal U-II octapeptide, U-II(4-11), we have obtained a potent urotensin II (U-II) receptor agonist. Conformational analysis of solution NMR data indicated that the putative biologically active conformation of U-II is stabilized by introduction of a Pen residue. To the best of our knowledge, this is the most potent U-II receptor agonist reported to date.
Measurement Infrastructure for Optimization and Characterization of Microwave Transistor Devices (2010)

various techniques and methods have evolved recently for the characterization and measurement of microwave devices. Waveform measurement and engineering system among them is a very promising candidate for the optimization and characterization of transistor device for use in power amplifier design. This paper presents an all encompassing waveform measurement and engineering system which is capable of providing accurate characterization data for the purpose of optimizing the device. The waveform measurement is achieved by applying enhanced calibration algorithm around an MTA based setup. The capability to engineer the waveforms is achieved by an emerging active load pull approach called 'Envelope Load Pull'.
Direct Synthesis of Unsaturated Sugars from Methyl Glycosides (2019)

Transformation of sugars without protection of the OH groups is an ideal method and a powerful tool for biomass utilization, and particularly, unsaturated sugars are a promising target because they can be transformed to versatile chemicals because of the olefin group. Herein, we demonstrated direct transformation of various methyl glycosides, which can be easily obtained from sugar derivatives, without protection of the OH groups to the corresponding unsaturated sugars with maintaining their original stereostructures in high selectivities and yields (up to 90%) using ReOx-Au/CeO2 catalyst at low H2 pressure (≤1.2 MPa) by deoxydehydration.
Mono- and Divalent Cationic Parameters of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Replicase (1972)

Replicase induced by foot-and-mouth disease virus has an absolute requirement for Mg2+ that cannot be replaced by other divalent cations. Mn2+ and Ca2+ are effective non-competitive inhibitors. At low ionic strength, Mg2+ directly influence the V of the reaction. High ionic strength (0.2 M KCl), produces a shift in the optimum Mg2+ concentration toward lower values which enhances the V and Km. KCl is more active in stimulating activity than NaCl, LiCl or CsCl but similar to NH4Cl. (NH4)2SO4, however, is less stimulatory than the chloride salt. K+ appear to interact specifically with replicase so as to affect initiation: once the reaction has been initiated it becomes refractory to the addition of K+ and shows typical plateau kinetics under all conditions.