gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CACNA1C risk variant affects microstructural connectivity of the amygdala (2019)

Deficits in perception of emotional prosody have been described in patients with affective disorders at behavioral and neural level. In the current study, we use an imaging genetics approach to examine the impact of CACNA1C, one of the most promising genetic risk factors for psychiatric disorders, on prosody processing on a behavioral, functional and microstructural level. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) we examined key areas involved in prosody processing, i.e. the amygdala and voice areas, in a healthy population. We found stronger activation to emotional than neutral prosody in the voice areas and the amygdala, but CACNA1C rs1006737 genotype had no influence on fMRI activity. However, significant microstructural differences (i.e. mean diffusivity) between CACNA1C rs1006737 risk allele carriers and non carriers were found in the amygdala, but not the voice areas. These modifications in brain architecture associated with CACNA1C might reflect a neurobiological marker predisposing to affective disorders and concomitant alterations in emotion perception.
Efficacy ofMetarhizium anisopliaemicrosclerotial granules (2008)

Abstract The entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae has very recently been shown to produce microsclerotia (MS) – compact, heavily melanised, hyphal aggregates – in liquid media. Soil incorporation bioassays of dried MS preparations of three isolates of M. anisopliae were conducted using third instar Tetanops myopaeformis (sugarbeet root maggot) in clay and/or clay loam field soils as a model system to demonstrate efficacy. At rates as low as 23 mg MS granules/100 g dry soil, the biocontrol efficacy of MS granules of M. anisopliae Strain F52 produced in liquid media with a high carbon concentration (36 g/L) and high C:N ratios (30:1, 50:1) were superior to MS preparations produced in low carbon (8 g carbon/L) media and a high carbon medium with a 10:1 C:N ratio. Bioassays using MS formulations of M. anisopliae strains MA1200 and TM109 produced in high carbon and high C:N ratio media were superior in efficacy to the other MS production media tested. MS preparations of M. anisopliae F52 showed superior efficacy against the sugarbeet root maggot in comparison with more conventional, conidia-covered nutritive (corn grit) granules in a clay and clay soil. The MS granules were also highly efficacious against the sugarbeet root maggot at soil moisture levels as low as 0.983 A w (−2.33 MPa). Granular preparations incorporating Metarhizium MS can serve as a viable formulation for the use of this fungus against soil insects.
Design principles for four branch downlink MIMO for long term HSPA evolution (2012)

Several new features are added for the High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) evolution in order to meet the requirements set by the International Mobile Telecommunications Advanced (IMT-A). The main objective of these new features is to increase the average spectral efficiency. One possible technique for improving downlink spectral efficiency would be to introduce support for four branch multiple input multiple output (MIMO), i.e. utilize up to four transmit and receive antennas to enhance the spatial multiplexing gains and to offer improved beamforming capabilities. Four branch MIMO provides up to 84 Mbps per 5 MHz carrier for high signal to noise ratio (SNR) users and improves the coverage for low SNR users. This paper discusses a few design considerations related to physical layer aspects of four branch MIMO. In the first part of the paper we outline a few design options and show that four branch MIMO can be introduced with modest impact on the existing standards and networks. In the second part of the paper we show by means of system level simulation that significant gains in average user throughput and cell edge user throughput can be achieved with four branch MIMO. Based on these evaluations we conclude that four branch MIMO is an important component in the continued evolution of the HSPA standard.
Supplementary Material from <b><i>In Vivo</i></b> Flow Cytometry (2023)

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Spatially resolved mass spectrometric sampling of inductively coupled plasmas using a movable sampling orifice (2003)

A quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with a special sampling tube and positioned on a linear-motion table is shown to be capable of obtaining important information on the variation of the discharge properties with position. We measured signals obtained by post-ionization of species sampled from Ar and C2F6 high-density plasmas using electron ionization energies of 30 and 16 eV. The variation of the ion signal with position of the sampling orifice inside the reactor provides evidence of the spatial nonuniformity of the discharge and the processes that control these variations. For Ar discharges we show evidence of gas heating which produces a nonuniform radial distribution of the neutral species. The neutral species are depleted in the center of the discharge due to plasma heating. The neutral gas temperature that can be extracted from the variation in density is consistent with temperature measurements using spectroscopic probes. We also monitored the intensity of different fluorocarbon ions as a function of sampling position. We find that the fluorocarbon mass spectrometer signals show qualitatively different dependencies on sampling position. For instance, the CF2+ signal increases towards the center of the discharge and decreases towards the wall of the chamber, whereas the CF3+ signal shows a maximum near the reactor wall. The CF3+ signal also grows as the wall temperature increases, indicating production at the wall. The application of this setup to spatially resolved monitoring of etching and deposition processes is also described.
Mémoires et pièces sur le pays de Gex (2003)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Hyalograft® C: Hyaluronan-Based Scaffolds in Tissue-Engineered Cartilage (2007)

Articular cartilage injuries have poor reparative capability and, if left untreated, may progress to osteo-arthritis. Unsatisfactory results with conventional treatment methods have prompted the development of innovative solutions including the use of cell transplantations, with or without a supporting scaffold. Tissue engineering combines cells, scaffolds and bio-active factors, which represents one of the most promising approaches for the restoration of damaged tissues. Available today, hyaluronan, also known as hyaluronic acid, is a natural glycosaminoglycan present in all soft tissues of higher organisms and in particularly high concentrations in the extracellular matrix of articular cartilage and in the mesenchyme during embryonic development in which it plays a number of biological functions, not only as a structural component but as an informational molecule as well. Moreover, hyaluronan can be manufactured in a variety of physical forms including hydrogels, sponges, fibres and fabrics allowing to develop a variety of hyaluronan-based scaffolds. This review will present both theoretical and experimental evidences that led to the development of Hyalograft C, an exploitation of hyaluronic acid technology and a tissue engineering approach for the resolution of articular cartilage defects.
Processing Effect on Via Extrusion for TSVs in Three-Dimensional Interconnects: A Comparative Study (2016)

A comparative study has been performed to investigate the processing effects on via extrusion for through-silicon vias (TSVs) in 3-D integration. This paper is focused on three TSV structures with identical geometry but different processing conditions. The thermomechanical behavior, microstructure, via extrusion, and additives incorporated during electroplating are examined by various techniques, including the electron backscatter diffraction and the time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy. By comparing the stress, material, and via extrusion behaviors of the TSV structures, the effect of processing conditions, particularly electroplating and postplating annealing, on via extrusion are discussed.
Noise Performance of Orthogonal RF Beamforming for THz Radio Communications (2019)

Ultra wide-band terahertz (THz) radio links are envisaged for high-throughput and low-latency radio communication from server to virtual reality (VR) head-mounted display (HMD). Orthogonal radio frequency (RF) beamforming is suitable for such extremely high-frequency radio links owing to the propagation characteristics. For RF beam training, the transmit-receive (Tx-Rx) beam combination yielding maximum received signal strength indication (RSSI) is selected. For complex signals employed in typical I/Q architecture communication systems, especially for THz frequencies, RSSI is Rayleigh-distributed. Receiver noise can cause false beam selections manifesting in communication rate loss. In this paper, analytically derived closed-form expressions and lower array dimension Monte Carlo (MC) simulation results for such noise performance evaluation have been presented.
WCK 4873 (INN: Nafithromycin): Structure–activity relationship (SAR) identifying a novel lactone ketolide with activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae (SPN) and Streptococcus pyogenes (SPY) (2022)

Ketolides are the fourth generation semisynthetic macrolides derived from erythromycin A, designed to address the limitations of currently available drug treatments including penicillins, macrolides and glycopeptides. Ketolides-the next generation macrolides antibiotics are deliberate to pass the issues of bacterial resistance by introducing keto function at C3 position of macrocycle through the replacement of l-cladinose sugar moiety and brings a broader spectrum of activity. The original research work reported here covers, structure activity relationship based design and synthesis of 34 novel ketolide molecules, are subsequently subjected to desired microbial evaluations. Through this exercise; WCK 4873 (Nafithromycin) has been emerged as clinical candidate among the four different series synthesized. Nafithromycin, consists of novel amidoxime function bearing 2-pyridine-1,3,4-thiadiazole biaryl side chain set apart through a four atom spacer containing a cis double bond and a chiral methyl. This non-flexible spacer possibly aligns the biaryl ring system resulting in a favorable interaction with dual 23S rRNA targets exhibiting better potency to treat gram positive infections. WCK 4873 emerged as preclinical candidate based on in vitro studies, and animal model studies, it had successfully accomplished phase 1 and phase 2 clinical studies in United States, Europe and India. Currently, nafithromycin has acquired the status as phase 3 drug candidate having potential to fulfill the unmet medical needs for treatment of CABP infections.
5.6 A 25A Hybrid Magnetic Current Sensor with 64mA Resolution, 1.8MHz Bandwidth, and a Gain Drift Compensation Scheme (2021)

Magnetic current sensors are used in switched-mode power supplies and motor drivers, where both galvanic isolation and wide bandwidth (BW) are desired. In CMOS, Hall-effect sensors are widely used, but their resistance results in a fundamental trade-off between BW and resolution. Coils have a differentiating characteristic and so can achieve much wider BW and resolution, but cannot sense DC.
Biochemical characterization of renal epithelial cell cultures (LLC-PK1 and MDCK) (1985)

The expression of enzymes in LLC-PK1 and MDCK cells was used to study the retention of differentiated properties of the renal epithelial cell lines by a biochemical approach. Activities of marker enzymes, for which intracellular and intranephron localization is known, were determined from crude cell homogenates of LLC-PK1 and MDCK monolayer cultures. The activity patterns of the particular enzymes found were then compared with the in vivo distribution of the enzymes along the rat nephron. LLC-PK1 cells exhibit high activities of apical membrane enzymes when compared with MDCK cells, whereas in the latter high activity of Na-K-ATPase could be detected. The activities of lysosomal enzymes, mitochondrial enzymes, and transaminases were higher in LLC-PK1 than in MDCK cells. Glycolytic enzymes, however, displayed identical activity levels in both the LLC-PK1 and MDCK cells, which may be due to the fact that these are continuous cell lines and to the culture conditions used, since glucose is a major energy source in the culture media.
Characterization and Recognition of Brachyspira hampsonii sp. nov., a Novel Intestinal Spirochete That Is Pathogenic to Pigs (2016)

Swine dysentery (SD) is a mucohemorrhagic colitis of swine classically caused by infection with the intestinal spirochete Brachyspira hyodysenteriae Since around 2007, cases of SD have occurred in North America associated with a different strongly beta-hemolytic spirochete that has been molecularly and phenotypically characterized and provisionally named "Brachyspira hampsonii." Despite increasing international interest, B. hampsonii is currently not recognized as a valid species. To support its recognition, we sequenced the genomes of strains NSH-16<sup>T</sup>, NSH-24, and P280/1, representing B. hampsonii genetic groups I, II, and III, respectively, and compared them with genomes of other valid Brachyspira species. The draft genome of strain NSH-16<sup>T</sup> has a DNA G+C content of 27.4% and an approximate size of 3.2 Mb. Genomic indices, including digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH), average nucleotide identity (ANI), and average amino acid identity (AAI), clearly differentiated B. hampsonii from other recognized Brachyspira species. Although discriminated genotypically, the three genetic groups are phenotypically similar. By electron microscopy, cells of different strains of B. hampsonii measure 5 to 10 μm by 0.28 to 0.34 μm, with one or two flat curves, and have 10 to 14 periplasmic flagella inserted at each cell end. Using a comprehensive evaluation of genotypic (gene comparisons and multilocus sequence typing and analysis), genomic (dDDH, ANI, and AAI) and phenotypic (hemolysis, biochemical profiles, protein spectra, antibiogram, and pathogenicity) properties, we classify Brachyspira hampsonii sp. nov. as a unique species with genetically diverse yet phenotypically similar genomovars (I, II, and III). We designate the type strain NSH-16 (= ATCC BAA-2463 = NCTC 13792).
Design of a selective solid acid catalyst for the optimization of glucose production from Oryza sativa straw (2015)

A selective, green and fast method for the production of glucose from rice (<italic>Oryza sativa</italic>) straw is demonstrated.
Bending artificial muscle from nylon filaments (2016)

Highly oriented nylon and polyethylene fibers shrink in length and expand in diameter when heated. Using this property, in this work, for the first time we are introducing a type of bending artificial muscle from nylon filaments such as fishing line. Reversible radius of curvature of 0.23 mm -1 was achieved with maximum reversible bending amplitude of 115 mm for the nylon bending actuator. Peak force of up to 2040 mN was measured with a catch-state force of up to 40% of the active force. A 3 dB roll-off frequency of around 0.7 Hz was observed in the frequency response of the bending actuator in water.
MicroRNA in diagnosis and therapy monitoring of early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (2018)

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with distinct molecular subtypes including the aggressive subtype triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We compared blood-borne miRNA signatures of early-stage basal-like (cytokeratin-CK5-positive) TNBC patients to age-matched controls. The miRNAs of TNBC patients were assessed prior to and following platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT). After an exploratory genome-wide study on 21 cases and 21 controls using microarrays, the identified signatures were verified independently in two laboratories on the same and a new cohort by RT-qPCR. We differentiated the blood of TNBC patients before NCT from controls with 84% sensitivity. The most significant miRNA for this diagnostic classification was miR-126-5p (two tailed t-test p-value of 1.4 × 10<sup>-5</sup>). Validation confirmed the microarray results for all tested miRNAs. Comparing cancer patients prior to and post NCT highlighted 321 significant miRNAs (among them miR-34a, p-value of 1.2 × 10<sup>-23</sup>). Our results also suggest that changes in miRNA expression during NCT may have predictive potential to predict pathological complete response (pCR). In conclusion we report that miRNA expression measured from blood facilitates early and minimally-invasive diagnosis of basal-like TNBC. We also demonstrate that NCT has a significant influence on miRNA expression. Finally, we show that blood-borne miRNA profiles monitored over time have potential to predict pCR.
Simple Opportunistic Encryption (2014)

Network traffic encryption is becoming a requirement, not an option. Enabling&#13;\nencryption will be a communal effort so a solution that gives partial benefits until&#13;\nfully deployed is needed. A solution that requires little changes to existing&#13;\ninfrastructure will also help as it can be quickly deployed to give immediate shortterm&#13;\nbenefits. We argue that tcpcrypt, a TCP option for opportunistic encryption&#13;\nis the path of least-resistance for a solution against large-scale traffic encryption.&#13;\nTcpcrypt requires no changes to applications, is compatible with existing networks&#13;\n(works with NATs), and just works by default. It is high performance, so it can be&#13;\ndeployed on servers without much concern. tcpcrypt attempts to maximize security&#13;\nfor any given setting. By default, it will protect against passive eavesdropping,&#13;\nand also allows detecting large scale interception. With authentication, tcpcrypt&#13;\ncan provide full security against active attackers and so it is a complete solution&#13;\nboth for the short-term and long-term.
Potent Immunomodulatory Effects of the Trifunctional Antibody Catumaxomab (2013)

Catumaxomab (CatmAb), a trifunctional bispecific antibody directed against the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) and the T-cell antigen CD3, is approved as intraperitoneal therapy for the treatment of malignant ascites in patients with EpCAM-positive carcinomas. The immunomonitoring results of a phase II/III study using CatmAb revealed a tumoricidal effect associated with reduced VEGF levels, CD69-expressing T cells, and the release of T-helper cell (TH)-1 cytokines. We comprehensively dissected the immunomodulatory effects of the CatmAb on the major subsets of malignant ascites-infiltrating leukocytes and the molecular fingerprint of tumor cell death. Herein we show that in the presence of EpCAM-positive tumor targets, CatmAb markedly enhanced T-cell activation [CD69, CD107A (LAMP1), HLA-DR and PD-1(PDCD1) expression] and stimulated inflammatory CD4(+) TH1 and CD8(+) TH1 to release IFN-γ but failed to trigger TH17 cells. Engagement of CD16-expressing cells caused upregulation of TRAIL (TNFSF10) and costimulatory CD40 and CD80 molecules. CatmAb promoted tumor cell death associated with ATP release and strongly synergized with oxaliplatin for the exposure of the three hallmarks of immunogenic cell death (calreticulin, HMGB1, and ATP). These findings warrant validation as potential biomarkers of efficacy of CatmAb.
Pore Pressure Prediction While Drilling Using Fuzzy Logic (2018)

Abstract Formation pressure is the main function that affects drilling operation economically and efficiently. Knowing the pore pressure and the parameters that affect it will help to reduce the cost of the drilling process. Many empirical models reported in the literature were used to calculate the formation pressure based on different parameters. Some of these models used only drilling parameters to estimate pore pressure. Other models predicted the formation pressure based on log data. All of these models required different trends such as normal or abnormal to predict the pore pressure. Few researchers applied artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to predict the formation pressure by only one method or a maximum of two methods of AI. The objective of this research is to predict the pore pressure based on both drilling parameters and log data namely; weight on bit (WOB), rotary speed (RPM), rate of penetration (ROP), mud weight (MW), bulk density (RHOB), porosity (ϕ) and compressional time (Δt). A real field data is used to predict the formation pressure using Fuzzy Logic (FL) which is one technique of AI. Fuzzy Logic (FL) tool was compared with different empirical models. FL method estimated the formation pressure with a high accuracy (high correlation coefficient (R) of 0.998 and low average absolute percentage error (AAPE) of 0.234%). FL outperformed all previously published models. The advantage of the new technique is its simplicity, which represented from its estimation of pore pressure without the need of different trends as compared to other models which require a two different trend (normal or abnormal pressure).
Compact polarization-maintaining 205-μm fiber laser at 1-MHz and 1-MW peak power (2015)

We report on a compact all-polarization-maintaining 2.05-μm chirped pulse fiber amplifier system emitting pulses at up to 1-MW peak power level at 371-fs pulse duration. The seed pulse repetition rate provided by an inhouse-built oscillator is reduced to around 1 MHz using a pulse picker. In combination with a two stage fiber amplifier, output pulse energies up to 570 nJ are obtained without the need of a high-power large-mode area amplifier. Both temporal stretching and compression of the chirped pulse amplifier design are achieved using a single chirped volume Bragg grating.
Carbon microspheroids as extinguishing agents for metal fires (1973)

severe accidents, such as the 3% core damage accident now considered the Maximum Credible Accident. This memorandum summarizes the results of calculations undertaken to resolve these questions. These calculations showed that the slow release of Halon/reg sign/ to the building increases the tolerable limit about 30%, and that for the 3% core damage accident, the discharge of even the largest fire extinguishing system in the reactor area (approximately 1500 lb. Halon/reg sign/) would not significantly affect the performance of the AACS. 1 ref.
Integrating Java and Prolog through generic methods and type inference (2008)

P@J is a framework, based on the tuProlog open-source engine, allowing Prolog code to be used as possible implementation of a Java method: Java annotations are used for specifying all the necessary information to fill the Java-Prolog gap. This framework is useful to inject a declarative, logic-based paradigm into mainstream object-oriented programming, so as to easily code functionalities related to automatic reasoning, adaptivity, and conciseness in expressing algorithms.