gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
NMR Investigation of Asymmetric Conjugate Additions Using Chiral 4-Phenyloxazolidinone as a Mechanistic Probe (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNMR Investigation of Asymmetric Conjugate Additions Using Chiral 4-Phenyloxazolidinone as a Mechanistic ProbeBih-Show Lou, Guigen Li, Feng-Di Lung, and Victor J. HrubyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 17, 5509–5514Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00122a033https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00122a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views179Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Micromotion and Push‐Out Evaluation of an Additive Manufactured Implant for Above‐the‐Knee Amputees (2019)

In comparison to through-knee amputees the outcomes for above-the-knee amputees are relatively poor; based on this novel techniques have been developed. Most current percutaneous implant-based solutions for transfemoral amputees make use of high stiffness intramedullary rods for skeletal fixation, which can have risks including infection, femoral fractures, and bone resorption due to stress shielding. This work details the cadaveric testing of a short, cortical bone stiffness-matched subcutaneous implant, produced using additive manufacture, to determine bone implant micromotion and push-out load. The results for the micromotions were all <20 μm and the mean push-out load was 2,099 Newtons. In comparison to a solid control, the stiffness-matched implant exhibited significantly higher micromotion distributions and no significant difference in terms of push-out load. These results suggest that, for the stiffness-matched implant at time zero, osseointegration would be facilitated and that the implant would be securely anchored. For these metrics, this provides justification for the use of a short-stem implant for transfemoral amputees in this subcutaneous application. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:2104-2111, 2019.
Pulsed High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Enhances Apoptosis and Growth Inhibition of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Xenografts with Proteasome Inhibitor Bortezomib (2008)

Treatment of tumors with pulsed HIFU lowered the threshold level for efficacy of bortezomib, resulting in significant tumor cytotoxicity and growth inhibition at lower dose levels.
GazeVisual: A Practical Software Tool and Web Application for Performance Evaluation of Eye Tracking Systems (2019)

The concept and functionalities of a software tool developed for in depth performance evaluation of eye gaze estimation systems is presented. The software, GazeVisual has capabilities for quantitative, statistical, and visual analysis of eye gaze data as well as generation of static and dynamic visual stimuli for sample gaze data collection. This is a first of its kind cross-platform tool for gaze data analysis and evaluation. This software is made freely available to the eye gaze research and development community to provide a common framework for estimating the quality and reliability of data from eye tracking systems, especially those implemented in consumer electronics (CE) applications. The feasibility of using this software is tested through case studies which show that the software can handle eye gaze datasets obtained from several different consumer grade eye trackers. GazeVisual operates consistently, irrespective of the platform, algorithm or hardware of the eye trackers. In addition, the GazeVisual software capabilities are also made accessible via a Web-based application enabling performance evaluation of eye tracker data over a cloud-based platform.
Three-dimensional photonic crystals developed by double-angled reactive-ion etching technique (2009)

Three-dimensional photonic crystals are successfully fabricated by a double-angled deep-etching technique. Furthermore, bonding a light emitter onto or between three-dimensional crystals has been shown to enhance or suppress emission.
Integrated simulation model for preliminary aerodynamic, structural, and control-law design of aircraft (1999)

An integrated model is developed for aerodynamic, structural, and control simulation of flexible aircraft in extreme flight situations. The structure consists of joined nonlinear beams allowing arbitrarily large deformations. The aerodynamic model is a compressible vortex/source-lattice with wind-aligned trailing vorticity. Full unsteady terms with flight dynamics are included. Model forcing is via gusts or control inputs. The overall nonlinear equation set is solved by a full Newton method. The Newton Jacobian matrix is also used for frequency-domain computations to investigate flight stability, control-response behavior, and flutter. Nonlinear performance of control laws can be examined. The numerical problem is small enough for interactive computation, allowing rapid diagnosis of local aerodynamic stall, structural failure, or control system saturation for a wide range of flight conditions. The overall approach allows quick generation of a robust multi-disciplinary preliminary design which can serve as a good basis for subsequent detailed design.
Structure of immunoglobulin A. Cysteine-containing peptides of the α chain of an immunoglobulin A1 myeloma protein (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure of immunoglobulin A. Cysteine-containing peptides of the α chain of an immunoglobulin A1 myeloma proteinEnrique Mendez, Blas Frangione, and Edward C. FranklinCite this: Biochemistry 1973, 12, 25, 5186–5194Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00749a027https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00749a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views22Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Potential Involvement of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Ligand Epiregulin and Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 in Pathogenesis of Chronic Rhinosinusitis (2017)

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous chronic inflammatory disease of the nose and paranasal sinuses that presents without or with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Notable features of CRSwNP are the frequent presence of type 2 allergic inflammation and high prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus (SA) colonization. As inflammation persists, sinus tissue undergoes epithelial damage and repair along with polyp growth, despite active medical management. Because one feature of damaged tissue is enhancement of growth factor signaling, we evaluated the presence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligands and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in CRS. The objectives of this study were to analyze the expression of EGFR ligands and MMPs in patients with CRS and to investigate the possible role of SA on epithelial activation. Sinonasal tissues were collected during surgery from control subjects and patients with CRS. Tissues were processed as described previously for analysis of mRNA (RT-PCR) and proteins (ELISA) for the majority of EGFR ligands within the tissue extracts. CRS tissue was used for evaluation of the distribution of epiregulin (EREG), an EGFR ligand, and MMP-1 by immunohistochemistry. In parallel studies, expression of these genes and proteins was analyzed in cultured primary airway epithelial cells. Elevated expression of EREG and MMP-1 mRNA and protein was observed in uncinate and polyp tissue from patients with CRSwNP. Immunohistochemistry study of clinical samples revealed that airway epithelial cells expressed both of these proteins. Cultured primary human airway epithelial cells expressed MMP-1, and MMP-1 was further induced by stimulation with EREG or heat-killed SA (HKSA). The induction of MMP-1 by HKSA was blocked by an antibody against EREG, suggesting that endogenous EREG induces MMP-1 after stimulation with HKSA. EREG and MMP-1 were found to be elevated in nasal polyp and uncinate tissues in patients with CRSwNP. Elevated expression of EREG and MMP-1 may be related to polyp formation in CRS, and colonization of SA might further enhance this process.
Resolution and spectral‐line shapes in the reflecting time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer with orthogonally injected ions (1994)

Abstract Principal factors limiting the resolution of time‐of‐flight (TOF) mass spectrometers based on ‘orthogonal’ ion beam acceleration have been studied theoretically. It has been found that the construction of the orthogonal acceleration TOF mass analyzer enables, in some cases, the simultaneous compensation of both ion spatial and initial velocity distributions by appropriate selection of ion‐mirror potentials. This analytical result has been proved by numerical simulation of spectral line shapes. The influence of elementary cell dimensions of grids on the mass resolution has been investigated by the numerical integration of a large number of ion trajectories. The grids consisting of a set of parallel and equally spaced wires have been treated. Analytical approximations of the electrical field potential of the grids have been used. It has been found that optimization of TOF mass analyzers should include the treatment of ion scattering by grids.
Highly Active Ice‐Nucleating Particles at the Summer North Pole (2022)

The amount of ice versus supercooled water in clouds is important for their radiative properties and role in climate feedbacks. Hence, knowledge of the concentration of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) is needed. Generally, the concentrations of INPs are found to be very low in remote marine locations allowing cloud water to persist in a supercooled state. We had expected the concentrations of INPs at the North Pole to be very low given the distance from open ocean and terrestrial sources coupled with effective wet scavenging processes. Here we show that during summer 2018 (August and September) high concentrations of biological INPs (active at >-20°C) were sporadically present at the North Pole. In fact, INP concentrations were sometimes as high as those recorded at mid-latitude locations strongly impacted by highly active biological INPs, in strong contrast to the Southern Ocean. Furthermore, using a balloon borne sampler we demonstrated that INP concentrations were often different at the surface versus higher in the boundary layer where clouds form. Back trajectory analysis suggests strong sources of INPs near the Russian coast, possibly associated with wind-driven sea spray production, whereas the pack ice, open leads, and the marginal ice zone were not sources of highly active INPs. These findings suggest that primary ice production, and therefore Arctic climate, is sensitive to transport from locations such as the Russian coast that are already experiencing marked climate change.
Exploiting the Interplay between Memory and Flash Storage in Embedded Sensor Devices (2010)

Although memory is an important constraint in embedded sensor nodes, existing embedded applications and systems are typically designed to work under the memory constraints of a single platform and do not consider the interplay between memory and flash storage. In this paper, we present the design of a memory-adaptive flash-based embedded sensor system that allows an application to exploit the presence of flash and adapt to different amounts of RAM on the embedded device. We describe how such a system can be exploited by data-centric sensor applications. Our design involves several novel features: flash and memory-efficient storage and indexing, techniques for efficient storage reclamation, and intelligent buffer management to maximize write coalescing. Our results show that our system is highly energy-efficient under different workloads, and can be configured for embedded sensor platforms with memory constraints ranging from a few kilobytes to hundreds of kilobytes.
Controversies in treating diabetes : clinical and research aspects (2008)

Controversies in Treating Diabetes: Clinical and Research Aspects (Humana Press) Derek LeRoith and Arthur Vinik Titles & Authors 1. Pancreatic transplant should they reserved for simultaneous renal transplants David Sutherland 2. Islet cell transplants how effect? David Harlan 3. Metabolic Syndrome Is there treatment that works? James Meigs 4. Treatment of Obesity the big and the small of it LM Kaplan 5. Treatment of Type 2 Does it prevent all complications? Vivian Fonseca 6. Treatment of Type2 using insulin When to introduce? Julio Rosentsock 7. Retinopathy Can it be prevented? Emily Chew 8. Neuropathy Author Vinik 9. Intensive insulin therapy for critically ill patients Greet Van den Berghe 10. Childhood diabetes explosion Desmond Schatz 11. Environmental stress and dietary excess Rena Wing 12. Unifying hypothesis of Diabetic Complications Michael Brownlee 13. Diabetic Foot Andrew Boulton 14. Coming of age for the Incretins Jens Holst 15. Managing the ADA and NCEP criteria for treating hyperlipidemia of diabetes Ronald Goldberg 16. The polypill for Type 2 diabetes Is the concept correct? Werner Walthausl 17. Quality of life for Diabetics Richard Rubin
Early post-bevacizumab change in rCBV from DSC-MRI identifies pseudoresponse in recurrent glioblastoma: Results from ACRIN 6677/RTOG 0625 (2023)

After 2 weeks of anti-angiogenic therapy, ΔCBV in 2D-T1 non-progressors significantly prognosticated PFS and OS, whereas 2D-T1 response status did not, identifying a subpopulation that benefits from bevacizumab. Combining 2D-T1 progression and ΔCBV may yield a response assessment paradigm with 3-tiered OS stratification.
Slow-light assisted and wavelength tunable TM waveguide on QCL/QCD compatible platform for mid-infrared lab-on-chip absorption spectroscopy (2022)

The fundamental vibrational-rotational absorption signature of almost all the chemical compounds lies in the Mid- IR spectrum (λ=3-15μm) thus offering superior light-analyte interaction in this regime. In particular, the successful inscription of infrared-spectroscopy in a multi-pass cell has significantly boosted its use mainly in the gas-sensing application at the sub-ppm/ppb level. However, the requirement of bulky, alignment sensitive, and need of expertise-hands makes it inappropriate for many fields especially in portable applications like stand-alone environment monitoring, detection of chemical-warfare-agent in the battlefield, Astro-biological applications, etc. An external disruption-free handheld device (i.e., unaffected from any external vibration, physical stress, and thermal variations) with high specificity and selectivity are still prerequisites for such in-situ applications. The advancements in photonics have shown enormous possibilities to miniaturize all spectroscopic components to a single chip. In this context, the slow light-assisted engineered photonic structure on a QCL/QCD (quantum confined laser and detector) is most promising to replace bulky multi-pass cell optics. In principle, it slows down the light with several folds to enhance the light-analyte interaction and thus open an avenue for an on-chip sensing platform. Most efficient QCLs demonstration explored in the InP platform, also a selection of InP-InGaAs eliminates the requirement of the costly wafer-bonding process. In this paper, we consider slow-light assisted and wavelength-tunable periodic photonic structures. The device is designed such that it supports transverse magnetically polarized mode directly emitted from QCLs. It eliminates the use of any additional polarization-rotator (conversion from TM to TE mode) which reduces fabrication complexity and additional space on the chip.
Enantioselective Conjugate Silyl Additions to α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes Catalyzed by Combination of Transition Metal and Chiral Amine Catalysts (2011)

Abstract We report that transition metal‐catalyzed nucleophilic activation can be combined with chiral amine‐catalyzed iminium activation as exemplified by the unprecedented enantioselective conjugate addition of a dimethylsilanyl group to α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes. These reactions proceed with excellent 1,4‐selectivity to afford the corresponding β‐silyl aldehyde products 3 in high yields and up to 97:3 er using inexpensive bench stable copper salts and simple chiral amine catalysts. The reaction can also generate a quaternary stereocenter with good enantioselectivity. Density functional calculations are performed to elucidate the reaction mechanism and the origin of enantioselectivity.
Fabricating cooled electronic system with liquid-cooled cold plate and thermal spreader (2023)

Methods are provided for facilitating cooling of an electronic component. The method includes providing a liquid-cooled cold plate and a thermal spreader associated with the cold plate. The cold plate includes multiple coolant-carrying channel sections extending within the cold plate, and a thermal conduction surface with a larger surface area than a surface area of the component to be cooled. The thermal spreader includes one or more heat pipes including multiple heat pipe sections. One or more heat pipe sections are partially aligned to a first region of the cold plate, that is, where aligned to the surface to be cooled, and partially aligned to a second region of the cold plate, which is outside the first region. The one or more heat pipes facilitate distribution of heat from the electronic component to coolant-carrying channel sections of the cold plate located in the second region of the cold plate.
Microwave conductivity of polar semiconductors in the presence of a high electric field (1968)

Theoretical results are presented for the small-signal microwave conductivity of nInSb at TL = 77°K in the presence of a high d.c. field directed parallel or perpendicular to the microwave field. Reasonable agreement with experiments by Richter and Bonek is demonstrated. At frequencies below 50GHz, the parallel microwave conductivity is smaller than the perpendicular one, whereas the opposite is true at 70GHz.
Early social communication through music: State of the art and future perspectives (2023)

A growing body of research shows that the universal capacity for music perception and production emerges early in development. Possibly building on this predisposition, caregivers around the world often communicate with infants using songs or speech entailing song-like characteristics. This suggests that music might be one of the earliest developing and most accessible forms of interpersonal communication, providing a platform for studying early communicative behavior. However, little research has examined music in truly communicative contexts. The current work aims to facilitate the development of experimental approaches that rely on dynamic and naturalistic social interactions. We first review two longstanding lines of research that examine musical interactions by focusing either on the caregiver or the infant. These include defining the acoustic and non-acoustic features that characterize infant-directed (ID) music, as well as behavioral and neurophysiological research examining infants’ processing of musical timing and pitch. Next, we review recent studies looking at early musical interactions holistically. This research focuses on how caregivers and infants interact using music to achieve co-regulation, mutual engagement, and increase affiliation and prosocial behavior. We conclude by discussing methodological, technological, and analytical developments that might empower a comprehensive study of musical communication in early childhood.
Mechanical and nonlinear geometric effects in bistable morphing structures (2012)

Bistable structures associated with non-linear deformation behavior, exemplified by the Venus flytrap and slap bracelet, can switch between different functional shapes upon actuation. Despite numerous efforts in modeling such large deformation behavior of shells, the roles of mechanical and nonlinear geometric effects on bistability remain elusive. We demonstrate, through both theoretical analysis and table-top experiments, that two dimensionless parameters control bistability. Our work classifies the conditions for bistability, and extends the large deformation theory of plates and shells.
Why using the level of the active component in manuka honey to replace the UMF rating is misleading (2008)

There have been some news releases claiming that Professor Henle in Germany has found the chemical identity of UMF, and that in future chemical analysis will be used instead of assays of antibacterial activity to indicate the level of UMF in manuka honey. Both of these claims are misleading. Because the level of active substance in manuka honey is an unreliable indication of the level of antibacterial activity and can be very misleading, it is hard to see any commercial advantage for it to be used to indicate antibacterial activity other than if someone wanted to fool the consumer into thinking that the higher numbers are giving them a level of antibacterial activity that is far higher than they are really getting.