gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The rationale for ensemble and meta-algorithmic architectures in signal and information processing (2015)

We are living through an historic era in computing. As the price of data storage and processing continues to plummet, we are moving closer to a world where exhaustive search makes sense for certain types of intelligent systems. Signal and image processing are two related domains that benefit from this ubiquity of data storage and computing power. In this paper, a new, more collaborative, approach to solving signal and image processing tasks is built from the ground up to take into account the reality of this new age of data and computing superfluity. Starting with the mature field of ensemble methods and moving to the more-recently introduced field of meta-algorithmics, systems can be designed which are by nature to specifically incorporate new machine-learning technologies. These are more robust, more accurate, more adaptive, and ultimately less costly to build and maintain than the traditional machine-learning approaches. Applications to image and signal processing will then be discussed. Combined, these examples illustrate a new meta-architectural approach to the creation of machine intelligence systems.
Equalization and multiuser detection for space time block coding based transmit diversity (STD) in frequency selective channels (2002)

The 3Gpp WCDMA TDD (time division duplex) system employs a small spreading factor (less than 15). This implies that the multipath components cause intersymbol interference (ISI) and multiuser interference at the receiver. Hence, equalization and multiuser detection has to be done at the receiver to combat the interference. Previous work on multiuser interference cancellation for space time block codes only considered single path channels. Similarly, previous work on equalization for space time codes, only addresses space time trellis codes and not space time block codes. The problem of equalization and multiuser detection of space time block codes in multipath fading channels has not been addressed before. We derive the receiver structure for the above. We apply this receiver to space time block coding based transmit diversity (STTD) applied to 3Gpp WCDMA TDD system. In particular we derive the zero forcing (ZF-STTD) and the minimum mean squared error (MMSE-STTD) equalizer/multiuser detector for STTD encoded 3Gpp WCDMA TDD system. We show that for dual antenna transmission using STTD encoding, a ZF-STTD decoding receiver at the mobile gives between 1.0-3.0 dB gain over single antenna transmission, depending upon the multipath channel model. Thus STTD encoding gives significant diversity gains over single antenna transmission for the WCDMA TDD systems.
Ultra fast, two-bit ECC for Emerging Memories (2014)

Emerging Memories (EMs) could benefit from Error Correcting Codes (ECCs) able to correct a few errors in just a few nanoseconds; for example to cope with failure mechanisms that could arise in new storage physics. Fast ECCs are also desired for eXecuted-in-Place (XiP) and DRAM applications. This paper shows the key elements to implement a BCH code able to correct 2 errors in a page of 256 data bits in no more than 10ns with 180nm-CMOS logic, and with low energy consumption. The decoding time can be further reduced to few ns using smaller gate length logics. Moreover, the proposed solution is soundly rooted in BCH theory, and can be applied to any user data size. Basically the ideas are to avoid the division in the computation of the coefficients of the Error Locator Polynomial (ELP) of the BCH code, to optimize the implementation of the multiplication in the Galois Fields (GF) and to fully implement the decoder in a parallel combinatorial architecture. Such a BCH code has been embedded in a 45nm 1Gbit Phase Change Memory (PCM) device.
Bench‐to‐Bedside Lessons Learned: Commercialization of an Acellular Nerve Graft (2020)

Peripheral nerve injury can result in debilitating outcomes including loss of function and neuropathic pain. Although nerve repair research and therapeutic development are widely studied, translation of these ideas into clinical interventions has not occurred at the same rate. At the turn of this century, approaches to peripheral nerve repair have included microsurgical techniques, hollow conduits, and autologous nerve grafts. These methods provide satisfactory results; however, they possess numerous limitations that can prevent effective surgical treatment. Commercialization of Avance, a processed nerve allograft, sought to address limitations of earlier approaches by providing an off-the-shelf alternative to hollow conduits while maintaining many proregenerative properties of autologous grafts. Since its launch in 2007, Avance has changed the landscape of the nerve repair market and is used to treat tens of thousands of patients. Although Avance has become an important addition to surgeon and patient clinical options, the product's journey from bench to bedside took over 20 years with many research and commercialization challenges. This article reviews the events that have brought a processed nerve allograft from the laboratory bench to the patient bedside. Additionally, this review provides a perspective on lessons and considerations that can assist in translation of future medical products.
Solid state synthesis of LiFePO4 studied by in situ high energy X-ray diffraction (2011)

The phase evolution and crystal structure transition of materials during solid-state synthesis of LiFePO4 were investigated by in situ high energy X-ray diffraction. It was found that the solid state reaction forming LiFePO4 started at a very low temperature, and LiFePO4 was clearly observed when the reaction temperature was above 173 °C. In situX-ray diffraction data also revealed that several impurities appeared when the reaction temperature was above 400 °C. These impurities were successfully indexed with ex situX-ray diffraction as Li3PO4, Fe2P, and Fe3P.
Lungendeposition von liposomalem Cyclosporin-A Aerosol bei Patienten nach Lungentransplantation (2007)

Das Langzeitüberleben nach Lungentransplantation (LTX) ist vor allem durch die chronische Abstoßung im Sinne der Bronchiolitis obliterans limitiert. Neuere Untersuchungen haben gezeigt, dass inhalatives Cyclosporin-A (CSA) diesen Prozess günstig beeinflussen kann, allerdings war die Verträglichkeit schlecht. Daher hat PARI eine liposomale CSA-Inhalationslösung zur Anwendung bei LTX-Patienten entwickelt.
Supplementary Figure 6 from ICOS Is an Indicator of T-cell–Mediated Response to Cancer Immunotherapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S6: The bar graphs above show the FACS analysis of ICOS expression (%) at Day 2 and Day 8 measured on CD4 and CD8 T cells from TDLN. On Day 2, anti PD-1 treated mice showed upregulation of ICOS in CD4 and CD8 T cells, compared to that of PBS group (~ 2-fold in CD4 T cells and 2.5-fold in CD8 T cells). On Day 8, ICOS levels on both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells decreased in the anti PD-1 treatment group, relative to that of Day 2, and PBS group remained similar with Day 2. (*: P&lt;0.05, **: P&lt;0.01, the data was presented as mean {plus minus} SD, n=5)&lt;/p&gt;
Fatty acid transport protein expression in human brain and potential role in fatty acid transport across human brain microvessel endothelial cells (2011)

The blood-brain barrier (BBB), formed by the brain capillary endothelial cells, provides a protective barrier between the systemic blood and the extracellular environment of the CNS. Passage of fatty acids from the blood to the brain may occur either by diffusion or by proteins that facilitate their transport. Currently several protein families have been implicated in fatty acid transport. The focus of the present study was to identify the fatty acid transport proteins (FATPs) expressed in the brain microvessel endothelial cells and characterize their involvement in fatty acid transport across an in vitro BBB model. The major fatty acid transport proteins expressed in human brain microvessel endothelial cells (HBMEC), mouse capillaries and human grey matter were FATP-1, -4 and fatty acid binding protein 5 and fatty acid translocase/CD36. The passage of various radiolabeled fatty acids across confluent HBMEC monolayers was examined over a 30-min period in the presence of fatty acid free albumin in a 1 : 1 molar ratio. The apical to basolateral permeability of radiolabeled fatty acids was dependent upon both saturation and chain length of the fatty acid. Knockdown of various fatty acid transport proteins using siRNA significantly decreased radiolabeled fatty acid transport across the HBMEC monolayer. Our findings indicate that FATP-1 and FATP-4 are the predominant fatty acid transport proteins expressed in the BBB based on human and mouse expression studies. While transport studies in HBMEC monolayers support their involvement in fatty acid permeability, fatty acid translocase/CD36 also appears to play a prominent role in transport of fatty acids across HBMEC.
Leveraging Coding Techniques for Speeding up Distributed Computing (2018)

Large scale clusters running MapReduce, Spark etc. routinely process data that are on the orders of petabytes or more. The philosophy in these methods is to split the overall job into smaller tasks that are executed on different servers; this is called the map phase. This is followed by a data shuffling phase where appropriate data is exchanged between the servers. The final reduce phase, completes the computation. Prior work has explored a mechanism for reducing the overall execution time by operating on a computation vs. communication tradeoff. Specifically, the idea is to run redundant copies of map tasks that are placed on judiciously chosen servers. The shuffle phase exploits the location of the nodes and utilizes coded transmission. The main drawback of this approach is that it requires the original job to be split into a number of map tasks that grows exponentially in the system parameters. This is problematic, as we demonstrate that splitting jobs too finely can in fact adversely affect the overall execution time. In this work we show that one can simultaneously obtain low communication loads while ensuring that jobs do not need to be split too finely. Our approach uncovers a deep relationship between this problem and a class of combinatorial structures called resolvable designs. We present experimental results obtained on Amazon EC2 clusters for a widely known distributed algorithm, namely TeraSort. We obtain over 4.69× improvement in speedup over the baseline approach and more than 2.6× over current state of the art.
Wolf-Hirschhorn (4p deletion) syndrome: report of one case. (2000)

Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome is an uncommon chromosomal disorder caused by loss of material from the distal aspect of the short arm of chromosome 4. Its characteristic features include profound growth retardation with psychomotor delay, severe mental deficiency, facial dysmorphia, midline defects and skeletal anomalies. We herein report a case of 4p deletion syndrome and review related literature.
Coherent soft-mode phonon generation and detection in ultrathin SrTiO3 grown directly on silicon (2010)

Time-resolved two color pump-probe polarization spectroscopy was performed at room temperature on SrTiO3 films grown directly on Si with film thickness varying from 2 nm to 7.8 nm. The E soft mode with a characteristic frequency of 0.2 THz is impulsively generated and measured in these coherently strained tetragonal phase SrTiO3 thin films. Another over-damped signal observed indicates the possible relaxational hopping of Ti ion between double potential wells. The dependence of the coherent phonon signal on pump and probe laser polarization helps to identify the phonon modes.
Cationic Modification of Polychloroprene. II. Homopolymerization of Isobutyl Vinyl Ether and Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(chloroprene-

g

-Isobutyl Vinyl Ether) (1980)

Abstract It was discovered that allylic chlorines [(CH3)2C=CHCH2Cl, CH2[dbnd]CHCH(Cl)CH3] in the presence of AgPF6 are efficient initiators of isobutyl vinyl ether polymerization. The transitory allyl cation formed during the precipitation of AgCl is presumed to be the initiating entity. This knowledge was exploited in the subsequent synthesis of the graft copolymer poly(chloroprene-g-isobutyl vinyl ether). In this synthesis, allylic chlorines in polychloroprene function as graft initiating sites in conjunction with AgPF6. Grafting efficiencies are low due to the great propensity for chain transfer of isobutyl vinyl ether polymerization. Pure grafts have been obtained by selective solvent extractions and were characterized by gravimetry, osmometry, 1H-NMR and DSC. Poly(isobutyl vinyl ether) branch frequency was 7–12 in graft copolymerization carried out at 15 to 0°C.
How to ablate typical atrial flutter (1999)

Typical atrial flutter, as referred to in this article, includes both the counterclockwise and the clockwise form of cavotricuspid isthmus-dependent right atrial flutter. The counterclockwise form is the most common and characterized by a stereotypical surface ECG pattern showing negative sawtooth flutter waves in II, III and aVF at a rate between 200–350 beats.min. This surface ECG morphology of counterclockwise typical flutter is remarkably consistent, allowing assumptions about the circuit being entirely within the right atrium and obligatory activation through the cavotricuspid isthmus. However, in contrast, the surface ECG morphology of clockwise flutter is more variable and difficult to distinguish from non-isthmus-dependent flutters. As a result, intracardiac activation mapping and entrainment mapping is often necessary as confirmation. Importantly, since both the clockwise and the counterclockwise forms share the same obligatory cavotricuspid isthmus, a common strategy of ablation is clearly applicable and has been shown to be effective.
Designing a half toning coprocessor (1993)

Halftoning is a fairly slow process when executedby software on conventional processors. To speed uphalf toning, a half toning algorithm has been developed andintegrated into a dedicated hardware architecture. Thispaper describes the implementation of the architecturewith a XILINX Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)and compares its performances with results obtained by asoftware implementation. A discussion on how to improvethe present architecture concludes the paper.
Beyond "social protocols" (2004)

The status quo for co-located groupware is to assume that "social protocols" (standards of polite behavior) are sufficient to coordinate the actions of a group of users; however, prior studies of groupware use as well as our own observations of groups using a shared tabletop display suggest potential for improving groupware interfaces by incorporating <i>coordination policies</i> - direct manipulation mechanisms for avoiding and resolving conflicts. We discuss our observations of group tabletop usage and present our coordination framework. We conclude with example usage scenarios and discuss future research suggested by this framework.
Hybrid Heterocycle-Containing Electron-Transport Materials Synthesized by Regioselective Suzuki Cross-Coupling Reactions for Highly Efficient Phosphorescent OLEDs with Unprecedented Low Operating Voltage (2012)

A series of hybrid heterocyle-containing electron-transport materials (ETMs) with different pyridine substitution positions in a single molecule were successfully synthesized by regioselective sequential palladium-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling reactions. B3LYP calculations show that the experimental regioselectivity is consistent with the trends in calculated bond dissociation energies of the carbon–halogen (C–X) bonds of the reactants and intermediates. The two carbon species associated with C–N and C–C can be detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Extremely low turn-on voltages (Von) of 2.1 V for electroluminescence, which are readily 0.2–0.3 V lower than the minimum value of the emitted photon energy (hv)/e, were experimentally achieved by utilizing the developed ETMs as an electron-transport and hole/exciton-block layer for the classical fac-tris(2-phenylpyridine) iridium (Ir(PPy)3)-based green phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs). In addition, hitherto the lowest operating voltages of 2.39, 2.72, and 3.88 V for 100, 1000, and 10 000 cd m–2 were achieved with simultaneously improved external quantum efficiency (ηext) to give a high power efficiency, and the operating voltage for 100 cd m–2 is already corresponding to the value of hv/e. Atomic force microscopy measurements reveal morphological fine structure of the thin film samples of ETMs with a pyrimidine core, which possibly contributes to the low driving voltages that were achieved for the devices that are based on these ETMs. These findings indicate that aside from the ultralow operating voltage well-balanced carriers can be also achieved with a finely synthesized hybrid heterocyle-containing ETM as a nondoped electron-transport layer, and the B3LYP calculation is an effective method to predict the regioselective cross-coupling reactions for fine design of such an ETM.
An Optimized Process to 10-Bromo-1-decanol (2010)

A multivariate design and optimization study for the synthesis of the bromoalkanol 10-bromo-1-decanol using decane-1,10-diol as substrate is reported. The bromination process was supported by the phase transfer catalyst tetrabutylammonium bromide with aqueous HBr (48%) as the brominating reagent. The optimized batch protocol provided a yield of 64% of 10-bromo-1-decanol 2 TM with a conversion of 80%, and 10% of the dibrominated alkane 1,10-dibromodecane 3, a characteristic byproduct, was formed.
Uncatalysed Preparation of α-Amino Phosphonates under Solvent Free Conditions (2005)

A simple, efficient and environmentally friendly procedure has been developed for the three component coupling of carbonyl compounds, aromatic and aliphatic amines and dialkyl phosphites to produce α-amino phosphonates. The α-amino phosphonates are synthesised in high yields (74–97%) in a few minutes (1–3 min) by microwave irradiation under solvent-free conditions, avoiding the use of any catalyst.
ACM IUI 2016 conference highlights (2016)

As co-chairs of the 21st ACM International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces (ACM IUI 2016), we are pleased to share with the SIGAI community our thoughts and experiences with this year's edition of the conference. This year's conference was held in Sonoma, California, USA (http://iui.acm.org/2016/), a short drive to the north of San Francisco in the heart of California's wine production region.
Performance evaluation for cellular CDMA (1992)

The authors consider the performance of a cellular radio, direct-sequence code-division multiple access, (CDMA) system. The base-to-mobile link is modeled as a flat Rayleigh fading channel, with all signals transmitted from a given base station fading in unison. For the mobile-to-base link, the authors use a similar model, except that the waveforms from all users are assumed to experience independent fading. The effects of imperfect power control are shown.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Real divisors and pseudo‐continuous enhancement of resolution for a Kendrick mass defect analysis (2019)

Table S1. List of 40 repeating units sorted by ascending exact mass with the ratio k, the number of divisors in the recommended range noted card({X}), the total number of divisors noted card({x}) and Nmax. Figure S1. Screenshots of the Excel spreadsheet to compute the full list of divisors for a base unit R1 and the RANKs graphs to select the divisors depending on the variations of KMDs by R2 and R3. Figure S2. Card({x}), card({X}) and Nmax as a function of R and k Figure S3. RANK1(R1=EO, R2=13C-12C, R3=0, z=1, Z) using all the possible divisors x ∈ ℝ+ for (A) Z=1, (B) Z=2, (C) Z=3, (D) Z=4 and (E) Z=5. (F) Concatenated RANK1(R1=EO, R2=13C-12C, R3=0, z=1, Z=1-5). (G) Filtered concatenated RANK1(R1=EO, R2=13C-12C, R3=0, z=1, Z=1-5) without duplicates. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Canonical Bedfellows: Ernest Hemingway and Henry James (2015)

Comparison study focusing on the reasons behind the seemingly odd pairing of Hemingway with James in graduate creative writing workshops of the cold war era. Highlights Hemingway’s influence on and appeal to students, emphasizing his strict self-discipline in both writing and lifestyle and hearty individualism. Bennett contrasts Hemingway’s stylistic contributions with James’s more theoretical offerings focused on art rather than the artist. Frequent references to Hemingway’s canon throughout.
“Wrong Way Up”: Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of the Networks for Body Motion Processing at 9.4 T (2017)

Body motion delivers a wealth of socially relevant information. Yet display inversion severely impedes biological motion (BM) processing. It is largely unknown how the brain circuits for BM are affected by display inversion. As upright and upside-down point-light BM displays are similar, we addressed this issue by using ultrahigh field functional MRI at 9.4 T providing for high sensitivity and spatial resolution. Whole-brain analysis along with exploration of the temporal dynamics of the blood-oxygen-level-dependent response reveals that in the left hemisphere, inverted BM activates anterior networks likely engaged in decision making and cognitive control, whereas readily recognizable upright BM activates posterior areas solely. In the right hemisphere, multiple networks are activated in response to upright BM as compared with scarce activation to inversion. With identical visual input with display inversion, a large-scale network in the right hemisphere is detected in perceivers who do not constantly interpret displays as shown the "wrong way up." For the first time, we uncover (1) (multi)functional involvement of each region in the networks underpinning BM processing and (2) large-scale ensembles of regions playing in unison with distinct temporal dynamics. The outcome sheds light on the neural circuits underlying BM processing as an essential part of the social brain.