gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Enhanced Operational Stability of Organic Light Emitting Devices with Polymeric Buffer Layer (2012)

A uniform and robust polymer-based hole injection layer (HIL) was formed by spin-casting process in an ambient air condition. The rough surface of indium tin oxide (ITO) was covered by this polymer-based HIL which plays an important role as a buffer layer. The utilization of this buffered HIL polymer resulted in an enhanced long-term stability of organic light emitting devices (OLEDs). In addition, we found that the precise control of hole current flow is possible by doping of 9,10-dicyanoanthracene (DCA) with moderate electron affinity (∼3.5 eV) plausibly due to a strong dipole interaction with the polymeric HIL material. As a result, a new buffer layer doped with DCA showed a substantially controlled hole injection into an emitting layer (EML) which causes a much more enhanced lifetime of the blue OLED by a factor of 4.3.
OP‐1 ARTIFICIAL OESOPHAGUS ENGINEERING IN A 3D DYNAMIC CULTURE (2015)

Repair of long-gap oesophageal atresia still remains a clinical challenge. Several acquired conditions such as tumours and gastro-oesophageal reflux require surgical removal of the affected portion and a suitable oesophageal replacement. Taking into account the urgent clinical need, tissue engineering is emerging as an alternative strategy to autografts in order to restore digestive continuity. This field aims to create imitations of the native tissue through the combination of appropriate biomaterials and stem cells. Natural matrices represent ideal scaffolds since they maintain native matrix composition, morphology and mechanical features fostering in vivo vascularization and functionality. Engineering the oesophageal muscle layer appear to be a pivotal factor in promoting scaffold integration and motility, but it has not been established yet. Our approach aims to build an oesophageal muscularis externa combining natural matrix with smooth muscle precursors, in a dynamic 3D tissue culture. Primary cells were seeded into the muscle wall of oesophageal template and cultured in dynamic versus static conditions. A bioreactor provided optimal nutrient exchange, oxygenation and pulsatile stimulation, resembling the peristaltic movement that the smooth muscle cells experience in vivo. Seeded cells displayed both engraftment and migration through the scaffold. An optimized culture protocol allowed cell expansion and differentiation towards muscle fibres. Dynamic culture was also associated with increased scaffold thickness, which is possibly due to matrix remodelling and could potentially lead to a faster engraftment process in vivo. In conclusion, we identified a promising method for effective reconstruction of oesophageal muscle wall. Future work will include maximization of cell differentiation in order to obtained a fully engrafted scaffold supporting in vivo peristaltic movement.
Application of a Variable Importance Measure Method to HIV-1 Sequence Data (2005)

van der Laan (2005) proposed a method to construct variable importance measures and provided the respective statistical inference. This technique involves determining the importance of a variable in predicting an outcome. This method can be applied as an inverse probability of treatment weighted (IPTW) or double robust inverse probability of treatment weighted (DR-IPTW) estimator. A respective significance of the estimator is determined by estimating the influence curve and hence determining the corresponding variance and p-value. This article applies the van der Laan (2005) variable importance measures and corresponding inference to HIV-1 sequence data. In this data application, protease and reverse transcriptase codon position on the HIV-1 strand are assessed to determine their respective variable importance, with respect to an outcome of viral replication capacity. We estimate the W-adjusted variable importance measure for a specified set of potential effect modifiers W. Both the IPTW and DR-IPTW methods were implemented on this dataset
Measurement of the Proton-Air Cross Section ats=57  TeVwith the Pierre Auger Observatory (2012)

We report a measurement of the proton-air cross section for particle production at the center-of-mass energy per nucleon of 57 TeV. This is derived from the distribution of the depths of shower maxima observed with the Pierre Auger Observatory: systematic uncertainties are studied in detail. Analyzing the tail of the distribution of the shower maxima, a proton-air cross section of [505±22(stat)(-36)(+28)(syst)] mb is found.
Combining the Stochastic Earth Model with Geomechanical Modeling to Quantify Well Performance: Application to Mississippian Shale (2016)

International audience
Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants as highly effective antibiotics (2017)

Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants are known to alleviate mitochondrial oxidative damage that is associated with a variety of diseases. Here, we showed that SkQ1, a decyltriphenyl phosphonium cation conjugated to a quinone moiety, exhibited strong antibacterial activity towards Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis, Mycobacterium sp. and Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Photobacterium phosphoreum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides in submicromolar and micromolar concentrations. SkQ1 exhibited less antibiotic activity towards Escherichia coli due to the presence of the highly effective multidrug resistance pump AcrAB-TolC. E. coli mutants lacking AcrAB-TolC showed similar SkQ1 sensitivity, as B. subtilis. Lowering of the bacterial membrane potential by SkQ1 might be involved in the mechanism of its bactericidal action. No significant cytotoxic effect on mammalian cells was observed at bacteriotoxic concentrations of SkQ1. Therefore, SkQ1 may be effective in protection of the infected mammals by killing invading bacteria.
Monitoring phases and phase transitions in phosphatidylethanolamine monolayers using active interfacial microrheology (2015)

Active interfacial microrheology is a sensitive tool to detect phase transitions and headgroup order in phospholipid monolayers. The re-orientation of a magnetic nickel nanorod is used to explore changes in the surface rheology of 1,2-dilauroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DLPE) and 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DMPE), which differ by two CH2 groups in their alkyl chains. Phosphatidylethanolamines such as DLPE and DMPE are a major component of cell membranes in bacteria and in the nervous system. At room temperature, DLPE has a liquid expanded (LE) phase for surface pressure, Π < ∼38 mN m(-1); DMPE has an LE phase for Π < ∼7 mN m(-1). In their respective LE phases, DLPE and DMPE show no measurable change in surface viscosity with Π, consistent with a surface viscosity <10(-9) N s m(-1), the resolution of our technique. However, there is a measurable, discontinuous change in the surface viscosity at the LE to liquid condensed (LC) transition for both DLPE and DMPE. This discontinuous change is correlated with a significant increase in the surface compressibility modulus (or isothermal two-dimensional bulk modulus). In the LC phase of DMPE there is an exponential increase in surface viscosity with Π consistent with a two-dimensional free area model. The second-order LC to solid (S) transition in DMPE is marked by an abrupt onset of surface elasticity; there is no measurable elasticity in the LC phase. A measurable surface elasticity in the S phase suggests a change in the molecular ordering or interactions of the DMPE headgroups that is not reflected in isotherms or in grazing incidence X-ray diffraction. This onset of measurable elasticity is also seen in DLPE, even though no indication of a LC-S transition is visible in the isotherms.
Evolution of Transcription Activator-Like Effectors in Xanthomonas oryzae (2017)

Transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) are secreted by plant-pathogenic Xanthomonas bacteria into plant cells where they act as transcriptional activators and, hence, are major drivers in reprogramming the plant for the benefit of the pathogen. TALEs possess a highly repetitive DNA-binding domain of typically 34 amino acid (AA) tandem repeats, where AA 12 and 13, termed repeat variable di-residue (RVD), determine target specificity. Different Xanthomonas strains possess different repertoires of TALEs. Here, we study the evolution of TALEs from the level of RVDs determining target specificity down to the level of DNA sequence with focus on rice-pathogenic Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc) strains. We observe that codon pairs coding for individual RVDs are conserved to a similar degree as the flanking repeat sequence. We find strong indications that TALEs may evolve 1) by base substitutions in codon pairs coding for RVDs, 2) by recombination of N-terminal or C-terminal regions of existing TALEs, or 3) by deletion of individual TALE repeats, and we propose possible mechanisms. We find indications that the reassortment of TALE genes in clusters is mediated by an integron-like mechanism in Xoc. We finally study the effect of the presence/absence and evolutionary modifications of TALEs on transcriptional activation of putative target genes in rice, and find that even single RVD swaps may lead to considerable differences in activation. This correlation allowed a refined prediction of TALE targets, which is the crucial step to decipher their virulence activity.
Activation of Murine T-cells via Phospholipase-C l-Associated Protein Tyrosine Phosphorylation Is Reduced With Aging (1995)

Cross-linking of the T-cell receptor (CD3) induces activation of tyrosine kinases and the subsequent phosphorylation of intracellular protein substrates. We examined whether early events in signal transduction through CD3 or CD3 x CD4 receptor ligation were altered in aged murine T-lymphocytes. Both calcium mobilization and tyrosine phosphorylation of phospholipase C gamma 1 (PLC gamma 1) were decreased in T-lymphocytes from old mice. In addition, there was less tyrosine phosphorylation of a 35/36 kDa protein both in whole cell lysates and in PLC gamma 1 immunoprecipitates from old mice. This 35/36 kDa phosphoprotein binds specifically to the SH2 domains of PLC gamma 1. Using a fusion protein containing the SH2 domains of PLC gamma 1 and human IgG1 heavy chain, we identified three additional proteins that bind to the SH2 domains which were tyrosine phosphorylated following CD3 x CD4 ligation to a lesser degree with age. The tyrosine phosphorylation of two phosphoproteins binding to a fusion protein consisting of the SH2 domains of GAP (ras GTPase-activating protein) and human IgG1 heavy chain was also reduced with aging. The observed binding to SH2 domains was thiol redox sensitive. Thus, decreases in antioxidants with age may be responsible for inhibitory effects on PLC gamma 1-phosphatidylinositol signaling through redox regulation of tyrosine phosphoproteins.
Abstract 3008: Genome-wide siRNA screening identifies epigenetic silencing factor networks as potential targets for cancer therapy (2011)

Abstract Epigenetic processes control the binary on-off states of specific gene sets, thereby creating heritable transcription patterns that drive development, and maintain cellular identity. The prominent epigenetic regulatory marks on eukaryotic chromatin are histone modifications and DNA cytosine methylation (5meCpG). These marks are placed by protein complexes, including members of the histone modifying and DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) enzyme families. It is hypothesized that errors in placement, removal, or reading of epigenetic marks can cause human disease through inappropriate silencing of specific genes. As the epigenetic marks that mediate gene silencing are reversible, there is interest in devising therapeutic strategies to reactivate epigenetically silent genes. Inhibitors of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzyme families can reverse epigenetic silencing and produce anti-tumor effects, possibly through reactivation of silent tumor suppressor genes (so-called epigenetic therapy). As these inhibitors show limited specificity within enzyme families, their precise mechanisms of action are not well understood. To identify cellular factors involved in maintenance of epigenetic silencing, we constructed a population of human cells harboring epigenetically silent GFP reporter genes. Using this cell population we have implemented a GFP reporter-based siRNA knockdown screen to identify novel factors and networks that maintain epigenetic silencing in human cells. We have now completed a genome-wide, high throughput siRNA-based screen (21,122 siRNA targets). The screen has produced 128 gene hits that have satisfied several validating criteria. The output of this screen was of high quality, as several of the factors were identified in an earlier independent screen. Among the newly identified hits, there was a significant enrichment for factors that mediate SUMOylation, as well as 25 factors corresponding to novel genes, including 9 with no predicted functions. This screen has the potential to identify novel cellular pathways and reveal new targets for epigenetic therapy of cancer and other diseases. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3008. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3008
Guest Editorial Special Section on the 45th IEEE European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC) (2020)

This Special Section of the IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID- STATE Circuits (JSSC) features expanded versions of articles selected from those presented at the 45th ESSCIRC Conference, held in Krakow, Poland, during September 23–26, 2019.
4-Fluoro-N-methyl-N-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocarbazol-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide (2009)

In the title compound, C(19)H(19)FN(2)O(2)S, the hydrogenated six-membered ring of the carbazole unit adopts a half-chair conformation and the plane of the fluoro-phenyl ring forms a dihedral angle of 41.5 (1)° with respect to the carbazole mean plane. The crystal structure is segregated into layers containing the carbazole units and fluoro-phenyl rings in alternate (200) planes. The carbazole units form centrosymmetric face-to-face inter-actions [inter-planar separation = 4.06 (1) Å] and edge-to-face inter-actions in which the N-H group is directed towards an adjacent carbazole face, with a shortest H⋯C contact of 2.53 Å. The fluoro-phenyl rings form face-to-face contacts with an approximate inter-planar separation of 3.75 Å and a centroid-centroid distance of 4.73 (1) Å.
Bioorthogonal Copper Free Click Chemistry for Labeling and Tracking of Chondrocytes In Vivo (2016)

Establishment of an appropriate cell labeling and tracking method is essential for the development of cell-based therapeutic strategies. Here, we are introducing a new method for cell labeling and tracking by combining metabolic gylcoengineering and bioorthogonal copper-free Click chemistry. First, chondrocytes were treated with tetraacetylated N-azidoacetyl-D-mannosamine (Ac4ManNAz) to generate unnatural azide groups (-N3) on the surface of the cells. Subsequently, the unnatural azide groups on the cell surface were specifically conjugated with near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) dye-tagged dibenzyl cyclooctyne (DBCO-650) through bioorthogonal copper-free Click chemistry. Importantly, DBCO-650-labeled chondrocytes presented strong NIRF signals with relatively low cytotoxicity and the amounts of azide groups and DBCO-650 could be easily controlled by feeding different amounts of Ac4ManNAz and DBCO-650 to the cell culture system. For the in vivo cell tracking, DBCO-650-labeled chondrocytes (1 × 10(6) cells) seeded on the 3D scaffold were subcutaneously implanted into mice and the transplanted DBCO-650-labeled chondrocytes could be effectively tracked in the prolonged time period of 4 weeks using NIRF imaging technology. Furthermore, this new cell labeling and tracking technology had minimal effect on cartilage formation in vivo.
Highly active yttrium and lanthanide catalysts for polymerization of isobutene (2004)

International audience
The MR tomograph as a sound generator: fMRI tool for the investigation of the auditory cortex (1998)

An automatic fMRI protocol for the investigation of the human auditory cortex has been developed. For the activation of the auditory system, the scanner noise itself is the source of sound. Rapid switching of B0 gradients allows the generation of tones of defined frequencies and amplitude on a conventional scanner without hardware change. No additional device for sound generation or sound delivery is needed. The proposed technique allows functional MRI of the auditory cortex in a clinical routine session.
ChemInform Abstract: Aminolysis of 5‐Acyl‐2,2‐dimethyl‐1,3‐dioxane‐4,6‐diones (Acyl Meldrum′ s Acids) as a Versatile Method for the Synthesis of β‐Oxo Carboxamides. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Supplementary Material and Methods from Tumor Intrinsic Efficacy by SHP2 and RTK Inhibitors in KRAS-Mutant Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Material and Methods. File contains the following: Transcriptome sequencing and analysis, Soft agar assay, 2D and 3D Cell proliferation screen and compound characterization information.&lt;/p&gt;
Multiscale approximation of piecewise smooth two-dimensional functions using normal triangulated meshes (2003)

Multiresolution triangulation meshes are widely used in computer graphics for representing three-dimensional (3-d) shapes. We propose to use these tools to represent 2-d piecewise smooth functions such as grayscale images, because triangles have potential to more efficiently approximate the discontinuities between the smooth pieces than other standard tools like wavelets. We show that normal mesh subdivision is an efficient triangulation, thanks to its local adaptivity to the discontinuities. Indeed, for the so-called horizon class of functions comprising constant regions separated by smooth discontinuities, we show that the normal mesh representation has an optimal error decay rate as the number of terms in the representation grows. This optimal decay rate is possible because normal meshes automatically generate a polyline (piecewise linear) approximation of each discontinuity, unlike the blocky piecewise constant approximation of tensor product wavelets. In this way, the nonlinear multiscale normal mesh representation is closely related to the recently developed wedgelet and curvelet transforms.
Using impedance biosensors to distinguish the PC12 cells adhesion and differentiation (2011)

Some properties of living cells are associated with cell adhesion and cell spreading process. Traditional way to monitor cells' morphological changes is usually the use of optical microscope. Biosensors provide an alternative to automatically monitor cell adhesion and spreading process. This study utilized microelectrodes array based impedance biosensors to record cells attachment and differentiation via changes of impedance. The results were confirmed with the images of optical microscope. Based on the electrical model proposed, cell adhesion and differentiation can be clearly identified without any additional biochemical tests.
A New Objective Evaluation Method for Vehicle Steering Comfort (2017)

Vehicle steering comfort is an important issue for steering control of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), especially the shared steering control systems. However, it is difficult to be evaluated objectively, that is, usually evaluated subjectively by the driver. This paper aims to develop an objective evaluation method of vehicle steering comfort, which is mainly based on the steering efficiency of the driver estimated by electromyography (EMG). First, the driver steering efficiency, as a key factor reflecting driver's maneuver energetics and some neurological control behaviors, is calculated in two steering conditions based on the EMG. In this process, the subjective evaluation of the vehicle steering comfort is obtained simultaneously else by a test driver. Unlike the traditional steering efficiency calculated from steering gear, the driver steering efficiency does not only partly present the energy consumption of driver itself but also the driver–vehicle interaction. And then, the relation between the steering efficiency and subjective evaluation is analyzed based on both linear regression and spearman correlation analyses. This challenging work investigates the interaction between the quantitative energy consumption and driver's subjective feeling and builds bridge between them. At last, an objective evaluation method of vehicle steering comfort using the steering efficiency is proposed, which provides a selection with quantitative evaluation. The proposed method is helpful to improve the steering control by giving a quantitative index.
Harnessing many-core processors for scalable, highly efficient, and adaptable firewall solutions (2013)

Many-core processors have become the mainstay of today's computing systems. This fact and their ease of accessibility is now broadening the horizons of computational advances. In this work, we demonstrate the use of many-core processing platforms to provide scalable, efficient, and easily configurable firewall implementations on many-core processors. Our work has made possible, to the best of our knowledge, a first-known pipelined and scalable implementation of a stateful firewall on many-core processors. We discuss the results of our work and highlight areas for future considerations and improvements. Although this work focuses on the firewall as an exemplar network protection tool, the ideas developed apply to other network processing applications like network intrusion detection systems.
Exchange of design quality 'lessons learned' (1981)

This paper has been prepared for the use of the attendees of the quality assurance workshop: 'How can more quality be designed into fusion facilities.' The topics are chosen for discussion and development of subsequent summaries during the workshop. They concentrate therefore on specific subjects of quality assurance for the design phase of fusion projects. Special emphasis is given to the question how can design quality be improved to quality assurance approaches and to tools. Examples on lessons learned are shown.
ChemInform Abstract: The Discovery of YM‐60828: A Potent, Selective and Orally‐Bioavailable Factor Xa Inhibitor. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.