gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surface Analysis of PS−PEO Diblock Copolymer Films by HREELS (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTSurface Analysis of PS−PEO Diblock Copolymer Films by HREELS†A. M. Botelho do Rego, Olivier Pellegrino, J. M. G. Martinho, and J. Lopes da SilvaView Author Information Centro de Química-Física Molecular, Instituto Superior Técnico, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Cite this: Langmuir 2000, 16, 5, 2385–2388Publication Date (Web):January 11, 2000Publication History Received30 November 1998Revised4 October 1999Published online11 January 2000Published inissue 1 March 2000https://doi.org/10.1021/la981657pCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views262Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (63 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Annealing (metallurgy),Aromatic compounds,Copolymers,Hydrocarbons,Solvents Get e-Alerts
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New Taxoids Derived from 2‐Deacetoxytaxinine J. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
FLASH and the FLASH2020+ project—current status and upgrades for the free-electron laser in Hamburg at DESY (2023)

Abstract The free-electron laser in Hamburg, FLASH, is the first extreme ultra-violet and soft X-ray free-electron laser (FEL) user facility and has been continuously upgraded since its start in 2005. Further major works are currently underway within the FLASH2020+ project that pioneeringly implements full repetition rate external seeding at a superconducting accelerator facility. With fully tunable undulators providing variable polarization FEL pulses, we expect FLASH to turn into the ideal spectroscopy machine for ultrafast processes within the coming years.
Gene expression profiling of rubella virus infected primary endothelial cells of fetal and adult origin (2016)

Since impairment in vision and hearing are the most prominent clinical manifestations observed in CRS patients, the here detected down-regulated genes involved in the development of sensory organs sheds light on the molecular mechanisms that may contribute to the teratogenic effect of RV.
Bedeutung des Genotyps für die Therapie fortgeschrittener gastrointestinaler Stromatumoren mit Imatinib und Sunitinib - Hits and Misses (2006)

Debiec-Rychter M, Sciot R, Le Cesne A, Schlemmer M, Hohenberger P, van Osteroom AT, Blay JY, Leyvraz S, Stul M, Casali PG, Zalcberg J, Verweij J, van Glabbeke M, Hagemeijer A, Judson I. KIT mutations and dose selection for imatinib in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Eur J Cancer 2006; 42: 1093 - 1103
Piezoelectric properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride) and carbon nanotube blends: β-phase development (2009)

In order to get poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) films containing high beta-phase content, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were blended with PVDF. For drawn samples, the content of piezoelectric beta-form crystal was increased with MWCNT addition due to the rapid crystallization rate offered by the nucleating action of MWCNT, but soon reached a plateau. Poling on the drawn samples helps additional beta-phase formation when the added MWCNT content was less than 0.2 wt%; at this MWCNT amount, almost pure beta-phase crystal was obtained. More MWCNT addition induced depolarization to reduce the beta-phase content. Undrawn samples show monotonous increase of beta-phase content with MWCNT amount when subjected to poling.
Congruential frequency hop signals for multi-user environments: a comparative analysis (2002)

Frequency-hop pulse train signals used in applications such as coherent multiuser of multibeam echolocation must be selected on the basis of good time-frequency characteristics in both auto- and cross-ambiguity domains. A comparative analysis is presented for several classes of such signals, all algebraically constructed via congruences on a finite field. For each class, an uniform upper bound is placed on the entire cross-ambiguity function surface, and bounds are placed on the amplitude of spurious peaks in the auto-ambiguity functions. These bounds depend on time-bandwidth product and code length exclusively, which allows for a meaningful comparison across classes. Typical aspects of time-frequency behavior are shown to illustrate the associated detection and resolution properties.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Evolution of High-Energy Electron Beam Irradiation Effects on Zeolite Supported Catalyst: Metal Nanoprecipitation (2012)

The high-energy electron irradiation effects on Fe-loaded, zeolite-supported catalyst were examined by transmission electron microscopy. In the original sample under little beam irradiation, no nanoparticles larger than 1 nm can be observed, and about half of the loaded Fe is identified as being in a positive ion state (i.e., iron oxides). Metal Fe nanoparticles in neutral state Fe0 were then found to precipitate quickly under beam illumination with an electron dose of ∼2.4 × 107 nm–2 or above at room temperature. Since electron microscopy is widely applied in the characterization of all sorts of catalysts supported on zeolites, the current observations could be treated as a model system to distinguish the metal nanoparticles existing in the original catalyst from those precipitated by electron beam irradiation. It was the ionization effect of electron radiation, other than temperature rise, that played an important role in the formation and growth of the metal precipitates. In the current system, the induced nanoprecipitations were identified as pure Fe metal clusters by electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and electron diffraction. As in current modeling system, although only metal Fe nanoparticles can be observed by EELS if the irradiation effect is ignored at the first place, the functional component in the loaded catalyst is actually a mixture of Fe-oxide and Fe.
Nickel-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition of two alkynes and an imine (2008)

Abstract The reaction of N -benzenesulfonylbenzaldimine with Ni(cod) 2 and PCy 3 gave the corresponding η 2 -iminenickel complex quantitatively. Diphenylacetylene reacted with the η 2 -iminenickel complex to generate five-membered aza-nickelacycle. Insertion of second alkynes into the five-membered aza-nickelacycle led to the formation of the corresponding seven-membered aza-nickelacycles. Heating the solution of the seven-membered aza-nickelacycles induced the reductive elimination to give 1,2-dihydropyridine. In the presence of 10 mol % of Ni(cod) 2 and PMe t Bu 2 at 100 °C, the intermolecular [2+2+2] cycloaddition of N -benzenesulfonylbenzaldimine and 2-butyne occurred to give the expected 1,2-dihydropyridine in 87 % yield. In the presence of PCy 3 , the reaction also proceeded catalytically, however, PMe t Bu 2 gave better results. Less bulky or less basic phosphine, P n Bu 3 or P( o -tol) 3 , was not efficient for the reaction. Although Ni(0)-NHC complex was a good catalyst for [2+2+2] cycloaddition of two alkynes and a ketone or an aldehyde, this reaction did not proceed in the presence of an NHC ligand, 1,3-bis-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene.
Water‐soluble nonionic surfactants for affinity bioseparations (1989)

Reversible competitive inhibitors of the three enzymes beta-galactosidase, trypsin, and serum cholinesterase have been covalently attached to nonionic ethoxylated surfactants. The binding of the resulting affinity-derivatized surfactants to the respective enzymes has been quantified by measuring Michaelis-Menten inhibition constants with kinetic assays. The surfactant-inhibitor of serum cholinesterase, octaethylene glycol monohexadecy ether pyridinium (C(16)E(8)-PYR), was adsorbed in aqueous solution to an octadecyl-bonded reverse-phase silica packing in a 2 x 0.2 cm stainless steel test column. The ability of the test column to function as a high-performance affinity chromatography (HPAC) column was determined by applying a mixture of bovine serum albumin and cholinesterase (4:1 w/w). Virtually all of the cholinesterase bound and was eluted by applying a gradient in ionic strength. The applied cholinfesterase was recovered with a yield of over 90% and an 11-fold purification. An aliquot of raw horse serum was then purified in the same fashion with a yield of 84% and a 280-fold purification. The surfactant-inhibitor was easily removed from the column with an alcohol wash for sterilization, cleaning, or application of a different affinity ligand. Moreover, the ligand density on the column can be easily manipulated by adsorbing mixtures of derivatized and underivatized surfactants. Leakage of ligands from the support seems to be minimal since the cholinesterase affinity column was operated efficiently after being exposed to 24,000 column volumes of buffer. The application of this technique to high-capacity, high-throughput reversible affinity purifications is limited only by the ability to identify suitable ligands.
Simultaneous Identification of Multiple Binding Sites in Proteins: A Statistical Mechanics Approach (2021)

We present an extension of the Poisson-Boltzmann model in which the solute of interest is immersed in an assembly of self-orienting Langevin water dipoles, anions, cations, and hydrophobic molecules, all of variable densities. Interactions between charges are controlled by electrostatics, while hydrophobic interactions are modeled with a Yukawa potential. We impose steric constraints by assuming that the system is represented on a cubic lattice. We also assume incompressibility; i.e., all sites of the lattice are occupied. This model, which we refer to as the Hydrophobic Dipolar Poisson-Boltzmann Langevin (HDPBL) model, leads to a system of two equations whose solutions give the water dipole, salt, and hydrophobic molecule densities, all of them in the presence of the others in a self-consistent way. We use those to study the organization of the ions, cosolvent, and solvent molecules around proteins. In particular, peaks of densities are expected to reveal, simultaneously, the presence of compatible binding sites of different kinds on a protein. We have tested and validated the ability of HDPBL to detect pockets in proteins that bind to hydrophobic ligands, polar ligands, and charged small probes as well as to characterize the binding sites of lipids for membrane proteins.
Feasibility of N-Gram Data-Structures for Next-Generation Pathogen Signature Design (2009)

We determined the most appropriate data structure for handling n-gram (also known as k-mer) string comparisons and storage for genomic sequence data that will scale in terms of memory and speed. This is critical to maintain LLNL as the leader in pathogen detection, as it will guide the design of the 'Next Generation' system for computational signature prediction. There are two parts to k-mer analysis for signature prediction that we investigated. First is the enumeration and frequency counting of all observed k-mers in a sequence database (k-mer is a biological term equivalent to the CS term n-gram). Second is the down-selection and pairing of k-mers to generate a signature. We determined that for the first part, suffix arrays are the preferred method to enumerate k-mers, being memory efficient and relatively easy and fast to compute. For the second part, a subset of the k-mers can be stored and manipulated in a hash, that subset determination based on desired frequency characteristics such as most/least frequent from a set, shared among sequence sets, or discriminating across sequence sets.
Approaches to Thermographic Detection, Measurement and Characterization (2016)

Although there are numerous historical examples of thermal methods for NDT (e.g. thermally sensitive paints and tapes), the modern era of image-based Thermographic NDT (TNDT) began in the late 1960's, with the advent of the IR video camera. In the ensuing 50 years, the discipline has evolved from a laboratory curiosity to a widely implemented NDT method in the aerospace, automotive and power generation industries. Progress in the field must be attributed, in part, to enormous advances in IR camera and computer technology. The commercial release of focal plane array camera in the 1980's began an uninterrupted trend toward low-noise, high speed, spatial and temperature resolution instruments that provide digital data in real time. The introduction of the PC and the subsequent orders of magnitude improvements in speed, bandwidth and processing power that followed have enabled the development of sophisticated processing algorithms on data from the IR camera in near-real time. Taken together, these advances have provided researchers with the means to dramatically extend the range of TNDT applications in terms of materials, resolution and precision.
Left Ventricular Form and Function (2004)

Heart failure continues to be one of the most costly and prevalent medical problems. The increasing age of our population and the increased survival of patients with diseases that lead to heart failure will no doubt further magnify this very serious health problem at a staggering cost, both monetary and human. To address this public health concern, a fuller understanding of what constitutes normal cardiac function is essential to recognize optimal goals for restoration after disease disrupts stability. From micro to macro, our limited understanding of the heart’s function continues to represent an obstacle to our ability to design strategies for effective treatment of heart failure. Thus, there is a critical need to address the existing and emerging issues in this area to develop new safe and effective strategies to address the clinical challenges facing cardiologists and cardiothoracic surgeons. As a result of this need, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute convened a workshop entitled “Form and Function: New Views on Development, Diseases, and Therapies for the Heart” on April 25 to 26, 2002, in Bethesda, Maryland. The objective was an effort to understand the importance of structure/function relationships of the intact ventricles from both the basic science and clinical perspectives, to define where progress is most urgently needed, and to plan research programs that will most effectively integrate understanding of functional geometry into therapy of human heart disease.
Rubber, 6. Synthesis by Radical and Other Mechanisms (2004)

Abstract The article contains sections titled: 1. EVM and Ethylene Copolymers 1.1. Properties, Grades, and Applications 1.2. Basic Chemistry and Production Processes 1.3. Producers and Production Capacities 1.4. Toxicology 2. Epoxide Rubbers (CO, ECO, GECO, GPO) 2.1. Properties, Grades, and Applications 2.2. Basic Chemistry and Production Processes 2.3. Producers and Production Capacities 3. Polynorbornene 3.1. Production of 2‐Norbornene Monomer 3.2. Polymerization 3.3. Properties 3.3.1. Properties of Pure Polymer 3.3.2. Properties of Polynorbornene Rubbers (PNR) 3.4. Processing of PNR 3.5. Uses 3.6. Economic Aspects 3.7. Toxicology 4. Polyoctenamers 4.1. Production of Cyclooctene 4.2. Polymerization 4.3. Properties 4.4. Vulcanization, Processing, and Applications 4.5. Economic Aspects 4.6. Toxicology
Delocalized Carbanions in Synthesis (1991)

An account of problems solved and remaining in the preparation and use of resonance-stabilized carbanions in organic synthesis by our group is given. 1. Introduction 2. Metalations 3. Reactions of Dianions with Simple Electrophiles 4. Reactions of Dianions with Bis-Electrophiles 5. Oxidations 6. Summary
Pseudomonas aeruginosa outer membrane protein OprH: expression from the cloned gene and function in EDTA and gentamicin resistance (1991)

Overexpression of major outer membrane protein OprH of Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a result of mutation (in strain H181) or adaptation to low Mg2+ concentrations (in parent strain H103) is accompanied by increased resistance to polymyxin B, gentamicin, and EDTA. A 2.8-kb EcoRI fragment containing the oprH gene was subcloned into several different expression plasmids in Escherichia coli. These experiments showed that significant levels of OprH could be produced from a promoter on the EcoRI fragment; that the cloned oprH gene was not regulated by Mg2+ deficiency; that there were no differences in the expression of OprH in any construction, regardless of whether the gene from strain H103 or its OprH-overexpressing, polymyxin B-resistant derivative, strain H181, was used; and that overexpression of OprH in E. coli to the level observed in P. aeruginosa H181 did not result in a resistance phenotype. These results favored the conclusion that the mutation in strain H181 was a regulatory rather than a promoter mutation. The oprH gene was cloned behind the benzoate-inducible pm promoter in plasmid pGB25 and transferred to P. aeruginosa H103. Overexpression of OprH from the cloned gene in H103/pGB25 resulted in EDTA resistance but not polymyxin B resistance. This result suggested that another factor, possibly lipopolysaccharide, was affected by the mutation in strain H181. Consistent with this suggestion was the demonstration that mutants of strain H181 with alterations in lipopolysaccharide had reverted to wild-type polymyxin B susceptibility but had unaltered gentamicin and EDTA resistance. These data were consistent with the hypothesis that OprH replaces outer membrane-stabilizing divalent cations.
Abstract 5039: Comparative analysis of miRNA in hormonal refractory prostate cancer (2012)

Abstract Background: Nucleotides 2-7 within mature miRNAs, short RNA molecule of between 19 and 22, create the ‘seed region’ that specifies the specific mRNA. To date, miRNAs have been linked to the etiology, progression and prognosis of cancer. The gain or loss of specific miRNAs can function as an oncogene or tumor suppressor. Design: By using recently developed miRNA 14K array (Agilent), we designed to compare miRNA expression between HRPCa cell line (PC3) and sensitive cell line (LNCaP). As validation for target mRNA following bioinformatics, candidates were applied on the neoadjuvant bicalutamide treated radical prostatectomized specimens using immunohistochemistry. Results: Amongst 57 upregulated miRNAs (ratio &amp;gt;2.0), oncomirs-miRNAs that are amplified or overexpressed in PC3, includes miR-31, -27a, -23a, -9, -100, -29a, -24, let 7i, -21, -221, 29b, -222, -181a. Probable candidates for target mRNAs to each oncomir are tumor suppressor gene family, including p27, PTEN, apoptosis related genes (DAXX, PDCD4, caspase recruitment domain 10/11), ECM adhesion genes (Integrin β4, ADAMTS 7/8), SOCS 6. In 23 downregulated miRNAs (ratio&amp;gt;2.0), tumor suppressor miRNAs that are downregualted or deleted from chromosomes acting as tumor suppressor genes, include miR-141, -200 a/b/c, -148a, -429, -34a, -195, -99a, -203, -125b-2. Possible candidates for target mRNAs are oncogeneic family are EMT-related genes including ZEB1, cell cycle related genes (Wee1, cyclin E1, CDK6), prostate specific proteins (STEAP1, prostein), RTK family (AXL, Rab-38, Rab-9A), transcriptional factor promotion (EIF2, SOX6), mitogen activator (MAP p38), secretory protein (SDF2). Among the top-listed candidates, STEAP1, prostein, ZEB1, and cyclin E1 were relatively overexpressed in the refractory PCa to compare with regressing cancer cells. Conclusion: Complicated networks of miRNA play substantial and crucial roles in the regulation of hormonal refractory prostate cancer, predominantly by virtue of STEAP1, prostein, ZEB1, cyclin E1 overexpression, and suppression of apoptosis-related genes. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5039. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5039
Nitric Oxide, NOC-12, and S-Nitrosoglutathione Modulate the Skeletal Muscle Calcium Release Channel/Ryanodine Receptor by Different Mechanisms (2003)

The skeletal muscle Ca(2+) release channel/ryanodine receptor (RyR1) contains approximately 50 thiols per subunit. These thiols have been grouped according to their reactivity/responsiveness toward NO, O(2), and glutathione, but the molecular mechanism enabling redox active molecules to modulate channel activity is poorly understood. In the case of NO, very low concentrations (submicromolar) activate RyR1 by S-nitrosylation of a single cysteine residue (Cys-3635), which resides within a calmodulin binding domain. S-Nitrosylation of Cys-3635 only takes place at physiological tissue O(2) tension (pO(2); i.e. approximately 10 mm Hg) but not at pO(2) approximately 150 mm Hg. Two explanations have been offered for the loss of RyR1 responsiveness to NO at ambient pO(2), i.e. Cys-3635 is oxidized by O(2) versus O(2) subserves an allosteric function (Eu, J. P., Sun, J. H., Xu, L., Stamler, J. S., and Meissner, G. (2000) Cell 102, 499-509). Here we report that the NO donors NOC-12 and S-nitrosoglutathione both activate RyR1 by release of NO but do so independently of pO(2). Moreover, NOC-12 activates the channel by S-nitrosylation of Cys-3635 and thereby reverses channel inhibition by calmodulin. In contrast, S-nitrosoglutathione activates RyR1 by oxidation and S-nitrosylation of thiols other than Cys-3635 (and calmodulin is not involved). Our results suggest that the effect of pO(2) on RyR1 S-nitrosylation is exerted through an allosteric mechanism.
Thermal performance of a thin high interconnect density organic substrate for flip-chip applications (2005)

The thermal performance of a thin (0.5 mm), high interconnect density substrate for flip-chip applications (FC-PBGA) has been studied under natural and forced convection conditions per JEDEC standard conditions [1999]. Since the effect of a heat sink not considered, heat conduction within the package and substrate is relatively more important to thermal performance. A package size of 42.5 mm is assumed. The effect of die size, core vias in the substrate, and lid assembly conditions is studied. The lid assembly conditions have the greatest effect on theta-ja (up to 38%). The effect on theta-ja of increasing the number of core vias under the die site is also dependent on the lid assembly. When the lid is attached to a stiffener on the substrate, a negligible change (3%) in theta-ja is observed when the number of core vias is increased (i.e. increasing k/sub zz/ from 0.6 to 3.1 W/m-K). When a floating lid that is not physically coupled to the substrate is used, up to 9% difference is observed. These and other results are discussed in the light of various conduction heat flow paths within the package.