gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Laser line illumination scheme allowing the reduction of background signal and the correction of absorption heterogeneities effects for fluorescence reflectance imaging (2015)

Intraoperative fluorescence imaging in reflectance geometry is an attractive imaging modality as it allows to noninvasively monitor the fluorescence targeted tumors located below the tissue surface. Some drawbacks of this technique are the background fluorescence decreasing the contrast and absorption heterogeneities leading to misinterpretations concerning fluorescence concentrations. We propose a correction technique based on a laser line scanning illumination scheme. We scan the medium with the laser line and acquire, at each position of the line, both fluorescence and excitation images. We then use the finding that there is a relationship between the excitation intensity profile and the background fluorescence one to predict the amount of signal to subtract from the fluorescence images to get a better contrast. As the light absorption information is contained both in fluorescence and excitation images, this method also permits us to correct the effects of absorption heterogeneities. This technique has been validated on simulations and experimentally. Fluorescent inclusions are observed in several configurations at depths ranging from 1 mm to 1 cm. Results obtained with this technique are compared with those obtained with a classical wide-field detection scheme for contrast enhancement and with the fluorescence by an excitation ratio approach for absorption correction.
Low-Power Data Storage and Communication for SoC (2018)

This chapter presents the design time optimization techniques for an optimal dimensioning of the memory hierarchy for low-power operation. It considers a generic system-on-chip memory hierarchy template. In general, the energy consumed by the data memory hierarchy can be optimized for a target template by a careful selection of the set of copy candidates and arrays of the application, and by assigning these to the different layers of the memory hierarchy. In the most general case a cache miss is any transfer of data from main memory to the main memory taking place whenever a load/store operation issues for the data that is not present in the cache. In computer architecture literature, cache misses have been traditionally divided in three categories: compulsory, capacity, and conflict miss types. An optimal replacement strategy uses the capacity of the cache and misses can be avoided because this policy exploits knowledge of the future accesses.
Design and Performance of Parallel and Distributed Approximation Algorithms for Maxcut (1997)

We develop and experiment with a new parallel algorithm to approximate the maximum weight cut in a weighted undirected graph. Our implementation starts with the recent (serial) algorithm of Goemans and Williamson for this problem. We consider several different versions of this algorithm, varying the interior-point part of the algorithm in order to optimize the parallel efficiency of our method. Our work aims for an efficient, practical formulation of the algorithm with close-to-optimal parallelization. We analyze our parallel algorithm in the LogP model and predict linear speedup for a wide range of the parameters. We have implemented the algorithm using the message passing interface (MPI) and run it on several parallel machines. In particular, we present performance measurements on the IBM SP2, the Connection Machine CM5, and a cluster of workstations. We observe that the measured speedups are predicted well by our analysis in the LogP model. Finally, we test our implementation on several large graphs (up to 13,000 vertices), particularly on large instances of the Ising model.
Error-free data transmission through a tunable-bandwidth filter based on a MEMS-actuated microdisk resonator (2006)

System functionalities of matched filtering, channel banding, and wavelength demultiplexing are demonstrated using a unique MEMS-actuated microdisk resonator filter with dynamically tunable bandwidth. Error free operation of demultiplexed channel is realized.
Semiconductor Electrodes: XVII . Electrochemical Behavior of n‐ and p‐Type Electrodes in Acetonitrile Solutions (1979)

The photoelectrochemical behavior of n‐ and single crystal semiconductors was investigated in acetonitrile (ACN) solutions which contained various electroactive compounds. The cyclic voltammograms of the semiconductors in the dark and illuminated with red light were compared to the Nernstian behavior at a Pt disk electrode. The extent of photodissolution of the semiconductors was decreased in ACN compared to aqueous solutions at similar potentials. Intermediate levels or surface states located between the conduction band and valence band which mediate electron transfer with solution redox couples are proposed. An underpotential was developed for the photo assisted oxidations and reductions with n‐ and , respectively, and the potential range for photoreductions on extended negative of the conduction bandedge. The electrochemical behavior and magnitude of the underpotentials is compared to results with in aqueous solutions and with other semiconductors in ACN.
ChemInform Abstract: THE CHARACTERISTICS OF GROWTH OF FILMS OF ZIRCONIUM AND HAFNIUM OXIDES (ZRO2, HFO2) BY THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF ZIRCONIUM AND HAFNIUM β‐DIKETONATE COMPLEXES IN THE PRESENCE AND ABSENCE OF OXYGEN (1979)

Abstract Die Wachstumsgeschwindigkeit der Oxidfilme, die bei der thermischen Zers. der Tetrakis‐trifluoracetylacetonate von Zr und Hf in Gegenwart und in Abwesenheit von O 2 auf einem geeigneten Substrat (Si, W, Pt, Quarz) abgeschieden werden, wird bei Substrat‐Temp zwischen 300 und 700°C untersucht.
Dimensionality Reduction of Volterra Kernels by Tensor Decomposition using Higher-Order SVD (2020)

The paper proposes a practical method for a significant dimensionality reduction of Volterra kernels, defining a discrete nonlinear model of a signal by Volterra series of higher order. In system identification of Volterra series, the Volterra kernels and nonlinear inputs of the system can be described by super-symmetrical tensors. The reduction of their dimensionality is obtained by a tensor decomposition technique called Higher Order Singular Value Decomposition (HOSVD). The main contribution of the paper is a cascade learning algorithm for the system identification based on residuals of least squares minimization. Numerical examples for Volterra system of order four are used to illustrate the approach.
Anatomy-based algorithms for detecting oral cancer using reflectance and fluorescence spectroscopy. (2009)

Accurate spectroscopic detection of oral disease must account for spectral variations among anatomic sites. Anatomy-based algorithms for single sites or combinations of sites demonstrated good diagnostic performance in distinguishing benign lesions from dysplastic/malignant lesions and consistently performed better than algorithms developed for all sites combined.
A patient-specific planning target volume used in 'plan of the day' adaptation for interfractional motion mitigation (2013)

We propose a patient-specific planning target volume (PTV) to deal with interfractional variations, and test its feasibility in a retrospective treatment-planning study. Instead of using one planning image only, multiple scans are taken on different days. The target and organs at risk (OARs) are delineated on each images. The proposed PTV is generated from a union of those target contours on the planning images, excluding voxels of the OARs, and is denoted the PTV 'GP-OAR' (global prostate-organs at risk). The study is performed using 'plan of the day' adaptive workflow, which selects a daily plan from a library of plans based on a similarity comparison between the daily scan and planning images. The daily plans optimized for GP-OAR volumes are compared with those optimized for PTVs generated from a single prostate contour (PTV SP). Four CT serials of prostate cancer patient datasets are included in the test, and in total 28 fractions are simulated. The results show that the daily chosen GP-OAR plans provide excellent target coverage, with V95 values of the prostate mostly > 95%. In addition, dose delivered to the OARs as calculated from applying daily chosen GP-OAR plans is slightly increased but comparable to that calculated from applying daily SP plans. In general, the PTV GP-OARs are able to cover possible target variations while keeping dose delivered to the OARs at a similar level to that of the PTV SPs.
Priority of trustees’ indemnity inter se: pari passu or first in time priority? (2023)

Journal Article Priority of trustees’ indemnity inter se: pari passu or first in time priority? Get access Toby Graham, Toby Graham Toby Graham, Partner and Head of Contentious Trusts and Estates, Farrer & Co, 66 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LH, UK Email: Toby.Graham@Farrer.co.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar David Russell, AM QC David Russell, AM QC David Russell AM QC, Outer Temple Chambers, 222 Strand, London, UK, and The Gate, DIFC, Dubai, UAE. Email: David.RussellQC@outertemple.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Trusts & Trustees, Volume 29, Issue 1, February 2023, Pages 3–11, https://doi.org/10.1093/tandt/ttac118 Published: 28 February 2023
Geographically Resolved Rhythms in Twitter Use Reveal Social Pressures on Daily Activity Patterns (2018)

Daily rhythms in human physiology and behavior are driven by the interplay of circadian rhythms, environmental cycles, and social schedules. Much research has focused on the mechanism and function of circadian rhythms in constant conditions or in idealized light-dark environments. There have been comparatively few studies into how social pressures, such as work and school schedules, affect human activity rhythms day to day and season to season. To address this issue, we analyzed activity on Twitter in >1,500 US counties throughout the 2012-2013 calendar years in 15-min intervals using geographically tagged tweets representing ≈0.1% of the total population each day. We find that sustained periods of low Twitter activity are correlated with sufficient sleep as measured by conventional surveys. We show that this nighttime lull in Twitter activity is shifted to later times on weekends relative to weekdays, a phenomenon we term "Twitter social jet lag." The magnitude of this social jet lag varies seasonally and geographically-with the West Coast experiencing less Twitter social jet lag compared to the Central and Eastern US-and is correlated with average commuting schedules and disease risk factors such as obesity. Most counties experience the largest amount of Twitter social jet lag in February and the lowest in June or July. We present evidence that these shifts in weekday activity coincide with relaxed social pressures due to local K-12 school holidays and that the direct seasonal effect of altered day length is comparatively weaker.
Quantum dot-DNA bioconjugates for fluorescence-resonance-energy-transfer-based biosensing (2007)

Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have unique photophysical properties which make them excellent fluorescence resonance energy transfer donors. However, lack of facile methods for conjugating biomolecules such as DNA, proteins and peptides to QDs have limited their applications. In this report, we describe a general procedure for the preparation of a synthetic peptide that can be covalently attached to DNA segments and used to facilitate the self-assembly of the modified DNA onto water soluble QDs. To characterize this conjugation strategy, dye-labeled DNA is first reacted with the synthetic peptide and the resulting peptide-DNA then self-assembled onto QDs. QD attachment is verified by monitoring resonance energy transfer efficiency from the QD donor to the dye-labeled DNA acceptor. QD-DNA bioconjugates assembled using this method may find applications as molecular beacons and hybridization probes.
Association Between Postresuscitation 12‐Lead ECG Features and Early Mortality After Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Post Hoc Subanalysis of the PEACE Study (2023)

Background Once the return of spontaneous circulation after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is achieved, a 12-lead ECG is strongly recommended to identify candidates for urgent coronary angiography. ECG has no apparent role in mortality risk stratification. We aimed to assess whether ECG features could be associated with 30-day survival in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Methods and Results All the post-return of spontaneous circulation ECGs from January 2015 to December 2018 in 3 European centers (Pavia, Lugano, and Vienna) were collected. Prehospital data were collected according to the Utstein style. A total of 370 ECGs were collected: 287 men (77.6%) with a median age of 62 years (interquartile range, 53-70 years). After correction for the return of spontaneous circulation-to-ECG time, age >62 years (hazard ratio [HR], 1.78 [95% CI, 1.21-2.61]; <i>P</i>=0.003), female sex (HR, 1.5 [95% CI, 1.05-2.13]; <i>P</i>=0.025), QRS wider than 120 ms (HR, 1.64 [95% CI, 1.43-1.87]; <i>P</i><0.001), the presence of a Brugada pattern (HR, 1.49 [95% CI, 1.39-1.59]; <i>P</i><0.001), and the presence of ST-segment elevation in >1 segment (HR, 1.75 [95% CI, 1.59-1.93]; <i>P</i><0.001) were independently associated with 30-day mortality. A score ranging from 0 to 26 was created, and by dividing the population into 3 tertiles, 3 classes of risk were found with significantly different survival rate at 30 days (score 0-4, 73%; score 5-7, 66%; score 8-26, 45%). Conclusions The post-return of spontaneous circulation ECG can identify patients who are at high risk of mortality after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest earlier than other forms of prognostication. This provides important risk stratification possibilities in postcardiac arrest care that could help to direct treatments and improve outcomes in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Prolonged remissions after anti-PD-1 discontinuation in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (2018)

International audience
Alkylation of Phenols by Oxidation‐Reduction Condensation Using 2,6‐Dimethyl‐1,4‐benzoquinone and Alkoxydiphenylphosphine. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Insulin-stimulated diacylglycerol production results from the hydrolysis of a novel phosphatidylinositol glycan. (1987)

This enzyme-modulating substance appeared to arise from the phosphodiesterase hydrolysis of a novel inositol-containing glycolipid.This is supported by observations that insulin stimulated the rapid generation of [sH]myristate-labeled diacylglycerol in cultured BCsHl myocytes.Myristoyl diacylglycerol production in these cells was unaffected by epinephrine, although arachidonate-labeled diacylglycerol was rapidly produced in response to stimulation by this a-1 adrenergic agent.The production of distinct species of diacylglycerol was apparently due to hormonally specific hydrolysis of different precursors.A novel glycolipid was identified on silica TLC or high pressure liquid chromatography which served as a substrate for the insulin-stimulated phosphodiesterase reaction.This glycolipid was metabolically labeled with radioactive inositol, glucosamine, and myristic acid, suggesting a phosphatidylinositol (PI)-glycan structure.Treatment of this glycolipid with a PI-specific phospholipase C resulted in the generation of two products: an inositol phosphate-glycan which modulated the activity of the low K,,, cAMP phosphodiesterase and myristoyl diacylglycerol.Insulin caused the rapid hydrolysis of the PI-glycan, which was then apparently resynthesized.These data further suggest that insulin stimulates the activity of a phospholipase C which selectively hydrolyzes a novel PI-glycan, releasing a carbohydrate enzyme modulator as well as a unique species of diacylglycerol.
User Separation for OFDMA Uplink (2009)

Separating user signals in the uplink (UL) of an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system without access to the subcarrier assignment scheme (SAS) is a challenging task, but it can have a number of useful applications. In this paper, a semi-blind user separation algorithm is proposed, which assumes time synchronization and availability of information on the type of SAS used. The proposed algorithm estimates the carrier frequency offsets and time delays of each frequency allocation block by exploiting the cross-correlations over pilot subcarriers. A clustering method to group the blocks is employed, where each group belongs to a different user. Mathematical model of the proposed algorithm is presented, and possible user separation applications in OFDMA-based femtocells are discussed. Feasibility of the algorithm is proved through practical simulations.
Transglycosylation and Condensation of Disaccharide Units Using Endo‐Type Glycosidases (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The functionalization of graphene using electron-beam generated plasmas (2010)

A plasmas-based, reversible functionalization of graphene is discussed. Using electron-beam produced plasmas, oxygen and fluorine functionalities have been added by changing the processing gas mixtures from Ar/O2 to Ar/SF6, respectively. The reversibility of the functionalization was investigated by annealing the samples. The chemical composition and structural changes were studied by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy.
Characterization of thePseudomonas putidaMobile Genetic Element ISPpu10: an Occupant of Repetitive Extragenic Palindromic Sequences (2005)

We have characterized the Pseudomonas putida KT2440 insertion element ISPpu10. This insertion sequence encodes a transposase which exhibits homology to the transposases and specific recombinases of the Piv/Moov family, and no inverted repeats are present at the borders of its left and right ends, thus constituting a new member of the atypical IS110/IS492 family. ISPpu10 was found in at least seven identical loci in the KT2440 genome, and variants were identified having an extra insertion at distinct loci. ISPpu10 always appeared within the core of specific repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP) sequences TCGCGGGTAAACCCGCTCCTAC, exhibiting high target stringency. One intragenic target was found associated with the truncation of a GGDEF/EAL domain protein. After active in vitro transposition to a plasmid-borne target, a duplication of the CT (underlined above) at the junction as a consequence of the ISPpu10 insertion was experimentally demonstrated for the first time in the IS110/IS492 family. The same duplication was observed after transposition of ISPpu10 from a plasmid to the chromosome of P. putida DOT-T1E, an ISPpu10-free strain with REPs similar to those of strain KT2440. Plasmid ISPpu10-mediated rearrangements were observed in vivo under laboratory conditions and in the plant rhizosphere.
Single-channel noise reduction in the STFT domain from the fullband output SNR perspective (2016)

This paper develops a single-channel noise reduction algorithm in the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) domain, which attempts to optimize the fullband output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We show that the conventional Wiener filter, the maximum SNR filter, and the ideal binary mask based method are particular cases of the developed algorithm. Simulations are presented to illustrate the properties of this algorithm.
Tetrathiomolybdate blocks bFGF- but not VEGF-induced incipient angiogenesis in vitro. (2006)

This model permitted the separation of VEGF- and bFGF- induced early angiogenesis in vitro, and indicated the existence of mechanistic differences between bFGF- and VEGF- induced early angiogenic events.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Deprotonation of Chiral and Achiral 2‐Aminoalkyl Carbamates: Synthesis of Optically Active β‐Amino Alcohols via 1‐Oxy‐Substituted Alkyllithium Intermediates. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Design Considerations for 50 kW Dynamic Wireless Charging with Concrete-Embedded Coils (2020)

Practical implementation of dynamic inductive power transfer requires integrating coil design techniques with existing construction methods. This work explores the various design challenges associated with embedding inductive power transfer (IPT) coils in concrete pavements. The coil design process outlined in this paper takes into account the structural aspects of concrete pavements and ease of construction. This paper also explores the effects of ferrite spacing on losses generated in the pad. A phase change material is used for passive thermal management of ferrite bars inside the concrete. Concrete-embedded pad prototypes are constructed and evaluated.
Stochastic dynamic channel models for millimeter cellular systems (2015)

The millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies offer the potential for enormous capacity cellular systems. However, a key challenge in designing robust communication systems in these frequencies is channel intermittency: mmWave signals are extremely vulnerable to blocking and the channel can rapidly appear and disappear with small movement of obstacles and reflectors. This paper presents a novel statistical model that can capture the dynamics of mmWave channels as a two-dimensional arrival process. The parameters in the model can be easily fit via maximum entropy estimation and preliminary results on fitting these models to commercial ray tracing data are presented.
Microdroplet fusion mass spectrometry: accelerated kinetics of acid-induced chlorophyll demetallation (2017)

Kinetics of acid-induced chlorophyll demetallation was recorded in microdroplets by fusing a stream of microdroplets containing 40 µM chlorophyll a or b dissolved in methanol with a stream of aqueous microdroplets containing 35 mM hydrochloric acid (pH = 1·46). The kinetics of the demetallation of chlorophyll in the fused microdroplets (14 ± 6 µm diameter; 84 ± 18 m s-1 velocity) was recorded by controlling the traveling distance of the fused microdroplets between the fusion region and the inlet of a mass spectrometer. The rate of acid-induced chlorophyll demetallation was about 960 ± 120 times faster in the charged microdroplets compared with that reported in bulk solution. If no voltage was applied to the sprayed microdroplets, then the acceleration factor was about 580 ± 90, suggesting that the applied voltage is not a major factor determining the acceleration. Chlorophyll a was more rapidly demetallated than chlorophyll b by a factor of ~26 in bulk solution and ~5 in charged microdroplets. The demetallation kinetics was second order in the H+ concentration, but the acceleration factor of microdroplets compared with bulk solution appeared to be unchanged in going from pH = 1·3 to 7·0. The water:methanol ratio of the fused microdroplets was varied from 7:3 to 3:7 causing an increase in the reaction rate of chlorophyll a demetallation by 20%. This observation demonstrates that the solvent composition, which has different evaporation rates, does not significantly affect the acceleration. We believe that a major portion of the acceleration can be attributed to confinement effects involving surface reactions rather than either to evaporation of solvents or to the introduction of charges to the microdroplets.