gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract C201: A novel potent and selective inhibitor of PI3K/mTOR, GDC-0980, currently in phase I clinical trials (2009)

Abstract Introduction: The phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway is deregulated in a wide variety of cancers. Somatic activating mutations and amplifications in PI3K are common in multiple cancers including breast, colon, and lung cancer. PTEN, a phosphatase that converts PIP3 to PIP2 and thus has an opposing function to PI3K, is a commonly mutated tumor suppressor in multiple cancers including prostate and glioblastoma. Alterations of this pathway have been implicated in tumor initiation, progression, survival, angiogenesis, and metastasis. PI3K/Akt pathway activation has also been implicated in therapeutic resistance. Thus PI3K is considered to be a promising therapeutic target for cancer. Summary of Results: Medicinal chemistry efforts resulted in the discovery of GDC-0980, a selective, orally bioavailable inhibitor of PI3 Kinase and mTOR kinase with promising pharmacokinetic and pharmaceutical properties. Here we report the first pre-clinical profile of GDC-0980. This compound is a potent ATP-competitive Class I PI3 kinase inhibitor with an IC50 of 4.8 nM against the PI3K p110apha subunit, 26.8 nM p110beta, 6.7 nM p110delta, 13.8 nM p110gamma, and an mTOR Kiapp of 17.3 nM. GDC-0980 demonstrates selectivity against a large panel of protein kinases as well as selectivity over PIK family kinases including Class II, Class III, and DNA-PK. GDC-0980 inhibits the PI3K signaling pathway in vitro causing a reversible G1 cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis induction in a subset of tumor cell lines. Levels of signaling pathway markers such as phosphorylated AKT (pAKT), PRAS40 (pPRAS40), and S6 (pS6) are rapidly and dramatically reduced following exposure of cells to GDC-0980. Oral dosing of GDC-0980 potently inhibits tumor growth in xenograft models including those mutated in PI3K and PTEN, and elicits an exposure-related concomitant decrease in PD biomarkers. Conclusion: These preclinical data provide compelling evidence in support of GDC-0980 as a clinical candidate, and Phase I studies are ongoing. Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(12 Suppl):C201.
VARIACIONES EN EL PUNTAJE DE APGAR ASIGNADO A NEONATOS CON MUY BAJO PESO AL NACER EN DIFERENTES UNIDADES DE CUIDADOS INTENSIVOS NEONATALES (2010)

"Objetivo: el puntaje de Apgar debería ser un método objetivo para evaluar el estado de los neonatos. Sin embargo, su utilidad para la evaluación de los neonatos prematuros se ve afectada por las notables variaciones en la evaluación de cada observador. En el presente estudio se analizó si los médicos que asignaban puntajes bajos a un conjunto de casos descritos por escrito también aplicaban puntajes bajos a los neonatos prematuros que trataban. Pacientes y métodos: se envió un conjunto de descripciones 5 a 14 unidades neonatales. Se solicitó a los médicos que asignaran un puntaje de Apgar ("puntaje de casos"). Se recopilaron los puntajes de Apgar de todos los neonatos con muy bajo peso nacidos entre enero de 2004 y diciembre de 2006 en siete unidades, según habían sido registrados en las historias clínicas ("puntaje clínico"). Resultados: en total, de 121 médicos de 14 instituciones (mediana: 9, intervalo 3-15) que respondieron, 24 eran residentes con menos de 6 meses de experiencia en atención neonatal, 28 eran residentes con más de 6 meses de experiencia en dicha área y 69 eran especialistas en neonatología. Los puntajes asignados a los casos descritos fueron muy heterogéneos, y se observaron amplias variaciones en los puntajes asignados a la respiración, el tono muscular y los reflejos. Se obtuvieron puntajes clínicos de 1.000 neonatos de muy bajo peso al nacer. El puntaje dependía de la edad gestacional, con una mediana de 4 a las 24 semanas y de 7 a las 27 semanas. Excepto en un caso, en los centros donde se asignaron bajos puntajes a los casos descritos también se registraron bajos puntajes clínicos. Conclusión: existe una variación considerable en la asignación del puntaje de Apgar. Es necesario establecer ciertas definiciones para aplicar el puntaje de Apgar a los neonatos en condiciones clínicas tales como el parto prematuro, la resucitación o la respiración artificial."
Rapidity and transverse-momentum dependence of the inclusive J/ψ nuclear modification factor in p-Pb collisions at s N N $$ \sqrt{s_{N\ N}} $$ = 5.02 TeV (2015)

We have studied the transverse-momentum (p T ) dependence of the inclusive J/ production in p-Pb collisions at s NN = 5.02 TeV, in three center-of-mass rapidity (y cms ) regions, down to zero p T . Results in the forward and backward rapidity ranges (2.03 < y cms < 3.53 and -4.46 < y cms < -2.96) are obtained by studying the J/ decay to + -, while the mid-rapidity region (-1.37 < y cms < 0.43) is investigated by measuring the e + e -decay channel. The p T dependence of the J/ production cross section and nuclear modification factor are presented for each of the rapidity intervals, as well as the J/ mean p T values. Forward and mid-rapidity results show a suppression of the J/ yield, with respect to pp collisions, which decreases with increasing p T . At backward rapidity no significant J/ suppression is observed. Theoretical models including a combination of cold nuclear matter effects such as shadowing and partonic energy loss, are in fair agreement with the data, except at forward rapidity and low transverse momentum. The implications of the p-Pb results for the evaluation of cold nuclear matter effects on J/ production in Pb-Pb collisions are also discussed.
Expanding the Diversity of Unnatural Cell‐Surface Sialic Acids (2004)

Introduction of sialic acid analogues to cells, rather than their upstream N-acetylmannosamine (ManNAc) precursors, improves the delivery of bioorthogonal functional groups to the cell surface and enables the incorporation of photoactivatable azides into glycoconjugates (see scheme). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2268/2004/z789_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Compact broadband photonic crystal filters with reduced back-reflections for monolithic InP-based photonic integrated circuits (2006)

A photonic crystal grating filter with an extremely wide rejection band and reduced modal back-reflections is proposed and demonstrated with a stopband extinction of 20 dB and insertion loss of less than 5 dB. The reflection-mitigation technique is shown to provide 10-15-dB reduction in reflected power. Guidelines for performance improvement are presented.
Incidentally discovered mass of the adrenal gland. (1986)

Increasing numbers of asymptomatic masses of the adrenal gland are being discovered by high resolution computed tomography (CT) scanning. The significance of these masses and the question of further evaluation or treatment, or both, have posed a dilemma. From 1976 to 1983, an incidental finding of adrenal gland mass was identified in 88 patients undergoing abdominal CT scanning for unrelated problems. Adrenelectomy was performed upon 23 patients (26 per cent), including three adenomas (2.5, 3.0 and 6.5 centimeters), five carcinomas of the adrenal gland (6 to 20 centimeters), two hyperplasias and three adenocarcinomas of unknown origin. Thirty-eight (43 per cent) of the nonfunctioning masses were observed with repeat scans for an average of 25.1 months (three to 60 months), revealing no change in size. Twenty-seven patients (31 per cent) were lost to follow-up study. Silent primary (nonmetastatic) masses 3.5 centimeters or less manifested benign behavior without exception. Based upon these data, we conclude that all solid metabolically inactive lesions in the adrenal glands greater than 3.5 centimeters on CT abdominal scan deserve exploration. Lesions less than 3.5 centimeters may be safely followed with serial CT scans.
Supplemental Figure Legends from Preclinical Characterization of G1T28: A Novel CDK4/6 Inhibitor for Reduction of Chemotherapy-Induced Myelosuppression (2023)

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Design and evaluation of a fault-tolerant multiprocessor using hardware recovery blocks (1982)

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/6230/5/bac6751.0001.001.pdf
Improving security and bandwidth efficiency of NewHope using error-correction schemes (2019)

Among many submissions to the NIST post-quantum cryptography (PQC) project, NewHope is a promising key encapsulation mechanism (KEM) based on the Ring-Learning with errors (Ring-LWE) problem. Since the most important factors to be considered for PQC are security and cost including bandwidth and time/space complexity, in this paper, by doing exact noise analysis and using Bose Chaudhuri Hocquenghem (BCH) codes, it is shown that the security and bandwidth efficiency of NewHope can be substantially improved. In detail, the decryption failure rate (DFR) of NewHope is recalculated by performing exact noise analysis, and it is shown that the DFR of NewHope has been too conservatively calculated. Since the recalculated DFR is much lower than the required $2^{-128}$, this DFR margin is exploited to improve the security up to 8.5 \% or the bandwidth efficiency up to 5.9 \% without changing the procedure of NewHope. The additive threshold encoding (ATE) used in NewHope is a simple error correcting code (ECC) robust to side channel attack, but its error-correction capability is relatively weak compared with other ECCs. Therefore, if a proper error-correction scheme is applied to NewHope, either security or bandwidth efficiency or both can be improved. Among various ECCs, BCH code has been widely studied for its application to cryptosystems due to its advantages such as no error floor problem. In this paper, the ATE and total noise channel are regarded as a super channel from an information-theoretic viewpoint. Based on this super channel analysis, various concatenated coding schemes of ATE and BCH code for NewHope have been investigated. Through numerical analysis, it is revealed that the security and bandwidth efficiency of NewHope are substantially improved by using the proposed error-correction schemes.
Synthesis and structural assignment of 2,4′-disubstituted benzylidenefluorenes and 4′-substituted benzylidene-1-azafluorenes (1998)

In the course of a study aimed at the investigation of edge-to-face arene–arene interactions, substituted benzylidenefluorenes 8–16 and benzylidene-1-azafluorenes 20–24 were synthesized as mixtures of E–Z-isomers. The full structural assignment of these compounds, performed by 2D NMR experiments, is described together with a study of their E–Z isomerization under equilibrating conditions. For compounds 8–16 no correlation was observed between the electron-donating or electron-withdrawing nature of the substituent groups and the E/Z equilibrium ratios. In the case of 20–24 the predominance of the E-isomers seems to depend exclusively on the N-lone pair–benzylidene ring electronic repulsion rather than on the nature of the para substituent on the aromatic ring. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
INVESTIGATION OF ENERGY DISSIPATION IN LOW FREQUENCY VIBRATORY MEMS DEMONSTRATING A RESONATOR WITH 25 MINUTES TIME CONSTANT (2014)

25 min t = 25 min Flat Si resonator Flat Si resonator Flat Si resonator t = 25 min time constant time constant time constant
The Safety and Environmental Process for the Design and Construction of the National Ignition Facility (1998)

The National Ignition Facility (NIF) is a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) laser fusion experimental facility currently under construction at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). This paper describes the safety and environmental processes followed to NIF during the design and construction activities.
IgE-sensitization profiles and lung function: a longitudinal study from childhood to early adulthood in the EGEA study (2018)

Multiple sensitizations increases the risk for respiratory allergy, but studies investigating specific sensitization profiles are needed. We aimed to identify IgE-sensitization profiles to respiratory allergens and study their associations with lung function. IgE reactivity to microarrays allergens were measured twice using the MeDALL chip, in childhood and 11-years later in adult life, in 291 participants of the EGEA study. Latent class analysis (LCA) was performed at each point in time on IgE reactivity to 38 respiratory allergens. Cross-sectional associations between sensitization profiles and the level of FEV<sub>1</sub> or FEF<sub>25-75</sub> were estimated using linear mixed effect model (for repeated data) adjusted on age, sex and asthma. At baseline, the mean age of the population was 11 yrs, 52% ever had asthma and the mean(sd) of FEV<sub>1</sub>%pred was 97.1(12.6). The LCA identified 4 sensitization profiles, which were similar at both time points (frequencies): A "no/few IgE responses" (48%, 39%), B "IgE responses to pollen and pets allergens" (18%, 21%), C "IgE responses to some house dust mite allergens" (22%, 27%) and D "IgE responses to many aero-allergens" (12%, 13%). Subjects belonging to profiles C and D had lower FEF<sub>25-75</sub> as compared to those belonging to profile A (p&lt;.04). Similar patterns of association were observed for FEV<sub>1</sub> and in the analyses restricted to subjects with asthma. The sensitization profiles identified in childhood were not associated with change in lung function from childhood to adulthood. Using high resolution specific-IgE data in a well characterized population, we identified different sensitization profiles associated with lung function level.
Physicochemical properties of the surfaces of silica species (2017)

The results from studying the physicochemical characteristics of the adsorption of n-alkanes, arenes, and acetonitrile on silicas of different origins, silica gels, and silochromes are presented. It is shown that increasing the concentration of silanol groups reduces the role of dispersion interactions accompanied by the intensification of specific interactions on silica gels, compared to silochromes. According to diffuse reflectance FTIR spectroscopy data, the acidity of silanol groups on silica gel is in this case less pronounced.
Synthesizing sounds from physically based motion (2001)

This paper describes a technique for approximating sounds that are generated by the motions of solid objects. The technique builds on previous work in the field of physically based animation that uses deformable models to simulate the behavior of the solid objects. As the motions of the objects are computed, their surfaces are analyzed to determine how the motion will induce acoustic pressure waves in the surrounding medium. Our technique computes the propagation of those waves to the listener and then uses the results to generate sounds corresponding to the behavior of the simulated objects.
Purified allergens vs. complete extract in the diagnosis of plane tree pollen allergy (2006)

Pla a 1 and Pla a 2 were responsible for 79% of the IgE-binding capacity against P. acerifolia pollen extract. A high correlation has been found between the IgE response to nPla a 1 (R = 0.80; P < 0.001) or nPla a 2 (R = 0.79; P < 0.001) vs. P. acerifolia extract as well as between natural and recombinant Pla a 1 (R = 0.89; P < 0.001). Skin testing showed no significant differences between extract and nPla a 2, whereas a higher reactivity was found with nPla a 1. In contrast, rPla a 1 revealed markedly reduced sensitivity in comparison with extract by skin prick test and specific IgE. The sensitivity of the mix Pla a 1+Pla a 2 was 100% and 87.5% for monosensitized and polysensitized patients, respectively, with no false-positive reactions detected. Conclusion Pla a 1 and Pla 2 are sufficient for a reliable diagnosis of P. acerifolia in most patients and induce comparable skin test reactivity as a whole extract.
Scope and Limitations of Solid-Supported Liquid−Liquid Extraction for the High-Throughput Purification of Compound Libraries (2001)

This paper reports some of the advantages and limitations of solid-supported liquid-liquid extraction (SLE) for the rapid purification of organic compound libraries. Issues of solvent compatibility, compound compatibility, and technical methods are addressed. In addition the prospective use of calculated log P values is investigated to determine which impurities will be effectively removed by this technique. In addition SLE is shown to be complementary and in some cases superior to solid-phase extraction (SPE) methods for library purification. This is especially true when the desired products have functionality equivalent to that of the impurity to be removed.
Progress in the theory and experiments with pasotrons (2004)

Plasma-assisted slow-wave oscillators (pasotrons) are unique sources of microwave radiation that operate in the absence of guiding external magnetic fields. From the practical point of view, these lightweight devices are very attractive for airborne applications. These devices are also very rich in physical effects important for their operation. Just these effects are considered in the present paper that overviews results of recent theoretical and. experimental studies of pasotrons.
Approaching the full octave: noncollinear optical parametric chirped pulse amplification with two-color pumping (2010)

We present a new method to broaden the amplification range in optical parametric amplification toward the bandwidth needed for single cycle femtosecond pulses. Two-color pumping of independent stages is used to sequentially amplify the long and short wavelength parts of the ultrabroadband seed pulses. The concept is tested in two related experiments. With multi-mJ pumping pulses with a nearly octave spanning spectrum and an uncompressed energy of 3 mJ are generated at low repetition rate. The spectral phase varies slowly and continuously in the overlap region as shown with 100 kHz repetition rate. This should allow the compression to the Fourier limit of below 5 fs in the high energy system.
Tetrahydrofuran α-Azido Esters: Precursors of Anomeric α-Amino Acid Monomers via Radical Bromination (1999)

anomeric amino acids - tetrahydrofuran carboxylates - radical bromination - captodative - C-glycosyl furanoside - secondary structure
Abstract A099: Inflammation mediates profound changes to the immunopeptidome of melanoma (2016)

Abstract Degradation of cellular proteins by the proteasome is critical for generation of MHC-associated peptides. The constitutive proteasome and the IFNγ-induced immunoproteasome (IP) differ in the use of three catalytic β subunits, which alters production of MHC class I epitopes. The potential for a disparate repertoire of epitopes between inflammatory/non-inflammatory tumors therefore arises. We have previously demonstrated this phenomenon as a mechanism of escape from T lymphocyte killing following changed processing of the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 (Woods et al 2016). Based on our, and others, prior data demonstrating alterations in the epitopes produced following processing of individual antigens, it follows that whole scale plasticity of the immunopeptidome could arise depending on which proteasome subtype is expressed by a tumor. Thus, the potential arises for profound change in the ability of CD8+ T lymphocytes to recognize tumor cells, depending on IFNɣ mediated inflammation. Given the change in targetability of tumor cells we observed following changed processing of a single antigen, a wholescale alteration of the immunopeptidome may represent a significant mechanism of immune escape by the tumor. Such plasticity may occur temporally or heterogeneously within a single tumor. Here, we present the first study demonstrating the effect of IFNɣ mediated inflammation on the composition of the immunopeptidome in melanoma. Using a sensitive mass spectrometry approach (DIA-SWATH) we characterize changes to the immunopeptidome of melanoma, dependent on the proteasome subtype expressed by the cell. These changes dramatically altered the landscape of the cell. Significantly, we demonstrate that while the immunopeptidome had similar overall immunogenicity in presence or absence of IFNɣ, there were changes in the ability of CD8+ T cells to recognize altered epitopes. In in vivo animal models we manipulated melanoma cells to switch proteasome subtype following treatments which induced IFNγ at the tumor site. In human biopsies we demonstrated a direct correlation between the presence of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, and expression of immunoproteasome specific subunits. Importantly, this study highlights the effect of changes in inflammation at the tumor microenvironment as a potential mechanism of significant immune escape from T lymphocyte mediated tumor targeting. Awareness of tumor immunopeptidome plasticity may be critical to inform development of therapies involving cancer vaccination, adoptive T-lymphocyte transfer, or combination treatments including these. Citation Format: Katherine Woods, Ralf B. Schittenhelm, Anthony W. Purcell, Andreas Behren, Jonathan Cebon. Inflammation mediates profound changes to the immunopeptidome of melanoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Second CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; 2016 Sept 25-28; New York, NY. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2016;4(11 Suppl):Abstract nr A099.
Brain barriers virtual: an interim solution or future opportunity? (2022)

Our findings suggest that a virtual event such as the BBV2020 seminar series provides easy access to science for researchers across all career stages around the globe. However, we recognize that limitations exist. Regardless, such a virtual event could be a valuable tool for the brain barriers community to reach and engage scientists worldwide to further grow the brain barriers research field in the future.
Wavelets from Square-Integrable Representations (1996)

The continuous wavelet decompositions that arise from square-integrable representations of certain Lie groups on $L^2 (\mathbb{R}^n )$ are investigated. The groups are formed as the semidirect product of $\mathbb{R}^n $ with an n-dimensional subgroup H of $GL_n (\mathbb{R})$. There is a natural “translation and dilation” representation of such groups on $L^2 (\mathbb{R}^n )$. The basic formulas of Duflo and Moore, which lead to the resolution of the identity via a square-integrable representation, are given an elementary proof for this special case. Several two-dimensional examples are described. A method for discrete decompositions via frames is given using the representations under study.
Fabrication of Magnesium Foam by Precursor Method Using Machined Chips (2007)

The present study is aiming at investigating the possibility of producing a magnesium foam from machined chips. To produce highly porous magnesium foam, precursor producing process was investigated by hot extrusion and compressive torsion processing (CTP). The CTP could realize well-consolidated precursors and homogeneous distribution of a blowing agent. The precursor made of machined chips satisfactorily expanded, and the porosity were comparatively high by optimizing processing parameters of the CTP.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Porphyrin—Viologen Rotaxanes. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
IN-VEHICLE DATA ACQUISITION, TRANSFER, AND REAL-TIME PROCESSING (1998)

This article describes a driver warning system that uses in-vehicle data acquisition and real-time analysis. The system uses wireless communications including RF modems, a local area network, and a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver/time code generator.