gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Resonance Localized Surface Plasmon Spectroscopy: Sensing Substrate and Inhibitor Binding to Cytochrome P450 (2008)

A sensing method based on resonance localized surface plasmon spectroscopy was developed for low molecular weight substrate and inhibitor molecules binding to heme proteins. Cytochrome P450 proteins have Soret and Q absorption bands in the visible wavelength region. The coupling between the molecular resonance of P450 and the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of functionalized silver nanoparticles leads to a highly wavelength-dependent LSPR response. Binding of substrate (e.g., camphor) or inhibitor (e.g., imidazole) molecules to a cytochrome P450 causes the absorption band of cytochrome P450 shift to shorter or longer wavelengths, respectively. By monitoring the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of the nanosensors, the binding of camphor/imidazole to a nanoparticle whose surface is modified with cytochrome P450 protein leads to a wavelength-dependent blue/red shift in the LSPR. The magnitude of the LSPR shift induced by camphor or imidazole is consistent with the Soret band wavelength shift observed in P450 in solution.
Semiconducting Compounds and Devices Incorporating Same (2015)

Disclosed are molecular and polymeric compounds having desirable properties as semiconducting materials. Such compounds can exhibit desirable electronic properties and possess processing advantages including solution-processability and/or good stability. Organic transistor and photovoltaic devices incorporating the present compounds as the active layer exhibit good device performance.
Microstructural characterization of laser-irradiated bulk copper under dry sliding conditions (2012)

The functionalization of surfaces for tribological applications is still a challenging task. There are numerous techniques for improving the friction and wear behaviour of metallic surfaces ranging from different coatings to textured surfaces. A promising approach for textured surfaces is the usage of laser interference patterning by a pulsed nanosecond Nd:YAG laser. Copper samples have been laser patterned using the laser interference metallurgy process. The resulting topographies were evaluated by white light interferometry and scanning electron microscopy in order to study the homogeneity of the structures at both macro- and micro-scales. Electron backscattering diffraction and transmission electron microscopy were performed in order to study the microstructural and oxide layer modifications induced by laser irradiation. Electron backscattering diffraction measurement did not show fine grains but a small proportion of misorientation due to the high quenching rate. Transmission electron microscopy did not allow to observe oxide layers. The friction and wear behaviour of bulk copper samples structured by laser interference metallurgy have been studied under dry sliding conditions using a tribometer in linear reciprocating sliding mode. Friction coefficient measurements revealed that patterned surfaces present a reduction in friction of up to 70% compared to untreated samples due to their good bearing properties and the reduction of the contact area.
Imaging Findings in Desmoplastic Fibroma of Bone: Distinctive T2 Characteristics (2005)

Significant T2 shortening of a nonsclerotic fibroosseous lesion should place desmoplastic fibroma high among the diagnostic considerations.
Learning parameterized models of image motion (2002)

A framework for learning parameterized models of optical flow from image sequences is presented. A class of motions is represented by a set of orthogonal basis flow fields that are computed from a training set using principal component analysis. Many complex image motions can be represented by a linear combination of a small number of these basis flows. The learned motion models may be used for optical flow estimation and for model-based recognition. For optical flow estimation we describe a robust, multi-resolution scheme for directly computing the parameters of the learned flow models from image derivatives. As examples we consider learning motion discontinuities, non-rigid motion of human mouths, and articulated human motion.
Indirect information on reactive transition states from conservation of angular momentum (1991)

By choosing a kinematically constrained bimolecular reaction of the type H + H′L → HH′+ L, where H and H′ are heavy atoms and L is a light atom, the orbital angular momentum, L, of the reagents appears almost exclusively as HH′ product rotation, J. It follows that the magnitude of J is given by |L|=µvrelb, where µ is the reduced mass of the reagent collision partners, vrel is their relative velocity and b is the impact parameter, i.e. the distance of closest approach if the reagents moved in undeflected straight-line paths. Hence, by measuring both the product rotational distribution and the relative velocity distribution of the reagents, it is possible to deduce the range of impact parameters resulting in specific vibrational levels of the HH′ product. A prototype system is Ba + HI → BaI + H. Experimental results for BaI (v= 0) are presented for this kinematically constrained reaction showing that the range of b is restricted, peaking at or near the energetic cut-off.
Common carotid artery wall thickness and external diameter as predictors of prevalent and incident cardiac events in a large population study (2019)

Abstract Background Arterial diameters enlarge in response to wall thickening, plaques, and many atherosclerotic risk factors. We hypothesized that right common carotid artery (RCCA) diameter would be independently associated with cardiac disease and improve risk discrimination. Methods In a middle-aged, biracial population (baseline n = 11225), we examined associations between 1 standard deviation increments of baseline RCCA diameter with prevalent myocardial infarction (MI) and incident cardiac events (MI or cardiac death) using logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models, respectively. Areas under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) were used to estimate model discrimination. Results MI was present in 451 (4%) participants at baseline (1987–89), and incident cardiac events occurred among 646 (6%) others through 1999. Adjusting for IMT, RCCA diameter was associated with prevalent MI (female OR = 2.0, 95%CI = 1.61–2.49; male OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.04–1.30) and incident cardiac events (female HR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.51–2.02; male HR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.15–1.40). Associations were attenuated but persisted after adjustment for risk factors (not including IMT) (prevalent MI: female OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.40–2.14; male OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.02–1.28, and incident cardiac events: female HR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.08–1.48; male HR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.08–1.32). After additional adjustment for IMT, diameter was associated with incident cardiac events in women (HR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.00–1.40) and men (HR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.06–1.29), and with prevalent MI only in women (OR = 1.73; 95% CI = 1.37–2.17). In women, when adjustment was limited, diameter models had larger AUC than other models. Conclusion RCCA diameter is an important correlate of cardiac events, independent of IMT, but adds little to overall risk discrimination after risk factor adjustment.
Comparison of directlional and omnl-directlonal UWB antennas for Wireless Body Area Network applications (2005)

In this paper we present a low-profile directional UWB antenna with improved radiation efficiency when operating in close vicinity to a biological tissue. This antenna is intended for the use in UWB wireless body area network (WBAN) applications, between 3 and 6 GHz. A novel design is based on a UWB slot antenna structure with an added radiator/reflector element in order to achieve directional radiation pattern. We compare results of our novel design, to those of the omni-directional UWB monopole antenna (currently the most commonly used in UWB studies). Measurement and simulation results show that the developed directional UWB slot antenna has the improved radiation efficiency in the vicinity of human body. Moreover, proximity of the human body much less influences its transfer functions (the most important antenna parameter in UWB radio), compared to the omni-directional UWB monopole antenna
An iterative maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimator for multiuser detection in synchronous CDMA systems (2002)

This paper proposes an iterative algorithm for multiuser detection in synchronous CDMA communication systems based on maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation. This approach performs better than the maximum likelihood (ML) estimator due to the use of probabilistic knowledge regarding the distribution of the received signal amplitudes. We assume that for every user the PDF of the signal level value in a bit time is the average of two Gaussian distributions centered at plus and minus the mean signal amplitude. The result is a gradient-based algorithm containing a ML term that determines the “direction” of bit estimation convergence, and a prior knowledge term that improves the accuracy of the bit estimate. Due to the prior knowledge term, the algorithm reaches a minimum closer to the true received bit values and therefore realizes more accurate bit estimates and a lower bit error rate (BER) than ML alone.
Multi-power-level Energy Saving Management for Passive Optical Networks (2014)

Environmental concerns have motivated network designers to further reduce energy consumption of access networks. This paper focuses on reducing energy consumption of Ethernet passive optical network (EPON) as one of the most efficient transmission technologies for broadband access. In EPON, the downstream traffic is sent from the optical line terminal (OLT) located at the central office to all optical network units (ONUs). Each ONU checks all arrival downstream packets and selects the downstream packets destined to itself. Therefore, receivers at ONUs have to always stay awake, thus consuming a large amount of energy. Contrariwise, an ONU transmitter can be triggered by the arrival of the upstream traffic and so it can go to the low power mode when no traffic is observed. Putting ONUs into the low power mode during light traffic is a known strategy for energy saving. In this article, we address the downstream challenge and also improve the ONU transmitter sleep time by proposing a simple sleep control scheme. We also propose an upstream and a downstream sleep-aware traffic scheduling scheme to avoid missing the packets during the sleep states. The proposed sleep control scheme does not need the handshake process and is based on the mutual inference at OLT and ONU. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can save energy as much as 60% when the network traffic is light.
Novel Allosteric Agonists of M1 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors Induce Brain Region-Specific Responses That Correspond with Behavioral Effects in Animal Models (2012)

M(1) muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) represent a viable target for treatment of multiple disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) including Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. The recent discovery of highly selective allosteric agonists of M(1) receptors has provided a major breakthrough in developing a viable approach for the discovery of novel therapeutic agents that target these receptors. Here we describe the characterization of two novel M(1) allosteric agonists, VU0357017 and VU0364572, that display profound differences in their efficacy in activating M(1) coupling to different signaling pathways including Ca(2+) and β-arrestin responses. Interestingly, the ability of these agents to differentially activate coupling of M(1) to specific signaling pathways leads to selective actions on some but not all M(1)-mediated responses in brain circuits. These novel M(1) allosteric agonists induced robust electrophysiological effects in rat hippocampal slices, but showed lower efficacy in striatum and no measureable effects on M(1)-mediated responses in medial prefrontal cortical pyramidal cells in mice. Consistent with these actions, both M(1) agonists enhanced acquisition of hippocampal-dependent cognitive function but did not reverse amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion in rats. Together, these data reveal that M(1) allosteric agonists can differentially regulate coupling of M(1) to different signaling pathways, and this can dramatically alter the actions of these compounds on specific brain circuits important for learning and memory and psychosis.
Correction to “Optical Tracking of Single Ag Clusters in Nanostructured Water Films” (2014)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to "Optical Tracking of Single Ag Clusters in Nanostructured Water Films"Stefan Krause*, Martin Hartmann, Ingolf Kahle, Martin Neumann, Mario Heidernätsch, Stefan Spange, and Christian von BorczyskowskiCite this: J. Phys. Chem. C 2014, 118, 17, 9307Publication Date (Web):April 22, 2014Publication History Published online22 April 2014Published inissue 1 May 2014https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jp503563shttps://doi.org/10.1021/jp503563scorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2014 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views202Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (114 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Temporary bonding for High-topography Applications: Spin-on Material Versus Dry Film (2014)

Handling wafers with sub-100 μm thicknesses requires a support or carrier wafer during handling, transport and processing in a semiconductor process line. This thin wafer support system should be very stable during these operations but should also allow for easy wafer debonding. Therefore, room temperature debonding methods are the favored solutions, in particular, room temperature peel debonding, which is one the industry focuses on today. We have estimated that a TTV of less than 2μm is required to enable a `soft' backside via reveal process for temporary bonding material thicknesses less than 20μm. For high frontside topography applications involving Cu pillars or C4 types of bumps, the challenge is to maintain a low post-grinding TTV value while processing the device wafer with thick temporary bonding materials (typically thicker than 50μm). Reducing the post-thinning TTV can be done either by reducing the edge bead effect of the spin-on temporary bonding material, or by looking into novel types of material applications such as thick film lamination. In this paper, we compare the thinning performance in terms of post-grinding TTV of two materials from Brewer Science: the thick spin-on ZoneBOND <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup> 5150 material and the experimental BrewerBOND <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TM</sup> dry film.
Metabolism of a new P‐glycoprotein inhibitor HM‐30181 in rats using liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry (2006)

HM-30181, 4-oxo-4H-chromene-2-carboxylic acid, [2-(2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl]amide, is a new P-glycoprotein inhibitor. This study was performed to identify the in vitro and in vivo metabolic pathway of HM-30181 in rats. Rat liver microsomal incubation of HM-30181 in the presence of NADPH resulted in the formation of four metabolites, M1-M4. M1 and M2 were identified as 2-(2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-4,5-dimethoxyaniline and 4- or 5-O-desmethyl-HM-30181, respectively, on the basis of liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) analysis with the synthesized authentic standards. M3 and M4 were suggested to be 6- or 7-O-desmethyl-HM-30181 and hydroxy-HM-30181, respectively. These in vitro metabolites were also detected in feces and urine samples after an intravenous administration of HM-30181 to male rats. The metabolic routes for HM-30181 were O-demethylation of the methoxy group to M2 and M3, hydrolysis of the amide group to M1, and hydroxylation to M4.
CD9 Expression in Solid Non-neuroepithelial Tumors and Infiltrative Astrocytic Tumors (2002)

The tetraspan membrane protein CD9 is normally expressed in the mature myelin sheath and is believed to suppress the metastatic potential of certain human tumors. In this study we identified CD9 in a variety of brain tumors by immunohistochemical (IHC) and immunoblotting analyses. We examined 96 tumor samples and three glioma cell lines in addition to a murine brain tumor model of transplanted glioma cells in CD9-deficient mice and control mice. CD9 was expressed not only in solid non-neuroepithelial tumors but also in infiltrative malignant neuroepithelial tumors. Among the neuroepithelial tumors, high-grade astrocytic tumors, including glioblastomas and anaplastic astrocytomas, showed higher immunoreactivity than low-grade cerebral astrocytomas. Thus, CD9 expression in astrocytic tumors correlated with their malignancy. In the murine brain tumor model, transplanted glioma cells were shown to grow and spread through myelinated areas irrespective of the presence or absence of CD9 expression in the recipient's brain. These results indicate that the CD9 expression of astrocytic tumors plays a significant role in the malignancy independent of CD9 expression in the surrounding tissue. This might be explained by the observation that the CD9 molecule is associated with a mitogenic factor, membrane-anchored heparin-binding epidermal growth factor, which is known to be upregulated in malignant gliomas.
Energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXRD) for operando materials characterization within batteries (2020)

This perspective article describes the use of energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXRD) to study the evolution of electrochemical energy storage materials. Using a synchrotron light source, EDXRD allows crystallographic changes in materials to be tracked from deep within large specimens, due to the use of highly penetrating X-rays and the ability to define a well-controlled diffraction gauge volume in space. Herein we provide an overview of battery work performed using the EDXRD technique, as developed at beamline X17B1 at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS), and continued at beamline 6BM-A at the Advanced Photon Source (APS), beamline I12 at the Diamond Light Source, and beamline 7T-MPW-EDDI at the Berlin Electron Storage Ring Society for Synchrotron Radiation (BESSY II). The High Energy Engineering X-Ray Scattering (HEX) beamline currently under construction at the National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) by Brookhaven National Lab and the State of New York will further expand capability for and access to this technique. The article begins with a general introduction to the technique of EDXRD, including a description of the photon energy and d-spacing relationship and a discussion of the gauge volume. The primary topic of the review, battery characterization by EDXRD, includes discussion of batteries of differing materials chemistries (lithium-based batteries and aqueous batteries) which store energy by different mechanisms (insertion and conversion materials). A discussion of high temperature batteries is also included.
Phase transitions enable computational universality in neuristor-based cellular automata (2013)

We recently demonstrated that Mott memristors, two-terminal devices that exhibit threshold switching via an insulator to conductor phase transition, can serve as the active components necessary to build a neuristor, a biomimetic threshold spiking device. Here we extend those results to demonstrate, in simulation, neuristor-based circuits capable of performing general Boolean logic operations. We additionally show that these components can be used to construct a one-dimensional cellular automaton, rule 137, previously proven to be universal. This proof-of-principle shows that localized phase transitions can perform spiking computation, which is of particular interest for neuromorphic hardware.
Heterogeneous sensor networks: a bio-inspired overlay architecture (2009)

The Army currently employs heterogeneous unattended ground sensors (UGSs) using a sparse deployment to maximize coverage, minimize pilferage and to monitor terrain bottlenecks. A team consisting of Teledyne Scientific Company, the University of California at Santa Barbara and the US Army Research Laboratory (ARL) is developing technologies in support of automated data exfiltration from heterogeneous battlefield sensor networks as part of a US Army contract<sup>1</sup> with the Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies (ICB). The ICB program is developing a new system consisting of novel bio-inspired software algorithms for autonomous operations that will leverage proven research to monitor sensor networks from extended ranges, that will collect data in a timely fashion, that will collaboratively control the motion of a sparse network of collectors (e.g., UAVs) using bio-inspired sampling, that will accurately detect and localize field events and will fuse and classify sensed data. A new bio-inspired event discovery technique will enable fusion of sensor observations at low SNR without requiring a prior model for the event signature; this is a first step towards sensor networks that are capable of learning. The program will also provide both laboratory and field demonstrations of these capabilities supported through ARL by leveraging available resources.
Photonic clusters formed by dielectric microspheres: Numerical simulations (2005)

We show through rigorous calculations that small dielectric microspheres can be organized by an incident electromagnetic plane wave into stable geometric configurations, which we call photonic clusters. The long-ranged optical binding force arises from the multiple scattering between the spheres. A photonic cluster can exhibit a multiplicity of distinct geometries, including quasicrystal-like configurations, with exotic dynamics. Linear stability analysis and dynamical simulations show that the equilibrium configurations can correspond with either stable or a type of quasistable states exhibiting periodic particle motion in the presence of frictional dissipation.
Modified sample adaptive offset filtering as an inter-layer processing for scalable HEVC (2014)

This paper presents an inter-layer filtering technique to improve the coding efficiency of the emerging SHVC scalable video coding standard. This filtering method is based on the Sample Adaptive Offset (SAO) tool introduced in the HEVC video coding standard. The original SAO filtering technique is slightly modified and applied to filter the HEVC base layer so as to improve the prediction of the enhancement layer. Based on the testing conditions of the SHVC standardization process, the results of this SAO inter-layer processing compared to the SHVC reference software show a noticeable improvement of the coding efficiency for the enhancement layer.