gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quercetin is recovered in human plasma as conjugated derivatives which retain antioxidant properties (1998)

Quercetin is one of the most abundant flavonoids in the human diet. This study aimed to determine the plasma concentrations of quercetin in 10 healthy volunteers after the consumption of a complex meal rich in plant products. Quercetin was determined in plasma (2 h before, and 3, 7 and 20 h after the meal), and in a duplicated portion of the meal by HPLC analysis with an electrochemical detection. The amount of ingested quercetin was estimated to be 87 mg. Before the meal, quercetin concentration in hydrolyzed plasmas ranged from 28 to 142 nM. A marked increase was observed 3 h after the meal in all subjects, with a mean concentration of 373 nM (S.E.M. = 61). After 7 h, quercetin concentration in hydrolyzed plasmas decreased and after 20 h basal levels were found again. The antioxidant capacities of quercetin, 3'-O-methylquercetin, and of some of their conjugated derivatives were compared by the measurement of the conjugated dienes resulting from the Cu2+-induced oxidation of human LDL. 3'-O-Methylquercetin and conjugated derivatives of quercetin significantly prolonged the lag phase, but the magnitude of their effect was about half that of the aglycone.
Calcium Is Essential for the Structural Integrity of the Cysteine-Rich, Ligand-Binding Repeat of the Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor (1998)

Seven cysteine-rich repeats form the ligand-binding region of the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor. Each of these repeats is assumed to bind a calcium ion, which is needed for association of the receptor with its ligands, LDL and beta-VLDL. The effects of metal ions on the folding of the reduced N-terminal cysteine-rich repeat have been examined by using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography to follow the formation of fully oxidized isomers with different disulfide connectivities. In the absence of calcium many of the 15 possible isomers formed on oxidation, whereas in its presence the predominant product at equilibrium had the native disulfide bond connectivities. Other metals were far less effective at directing disulfide bond formation: Mn2+ partly mimicked the action of Ca2+, but Ba2+, Sr2+, and Mg2+ had little effect. This metal-ion specificity was also observed in two-dimensional 1H NMR spectral studies; only Ca2+ induced the native three-dimensional fold. The two paramagnetic ions, Gd3+ and Mn2+, and Cd2+ did not promote adoption of a well-defined structure, and the two paramagnetic ions did not displace calcium ions. The location of calcium ion binding sites in the repeat was also explored by NMR spectroscopy. The absence of chemical shift changes for the side chain proton resonances of Asp26, Asp36, and Glu37 from pH 3.9 to 6.8 in the presence of calcium ions and their proximal location in the NMR structures implicated these side chains as calcium ligands. Deuterium exchange NMR experiments also revealed a network of hydrogen bonds that stabilizes the putative calcium-binding loop.
74‐2: Collimated Flux Deposition Technology for RGB SBS OLED Displays (2016)

We have developed a novel deposition technology that makes possible to pattern RGB SBS with high resolution onto large substrate without the mask contact. This technology is combination of evaporation flux collimation technique and scanning substrate technique above small mask, and called as Collimated Flux Deposition(CFD) Technology. Using this technology, we built 326ppi RGB Side‐by‐side display.
An Improved Stage-Combined Belief Propagation Decoding of Polar Codes (2022)

Belief Propagation (BP) algorithm is an alternative decoding method to Successive Cancellation (SC) decoding of polar codes with an advantage of higher throughput and lesser latency. BP algorithm is performed over the factor graph of a polar code, and its throughput is oppositely proportional to the number of stages of the factor graph. The stage-combining idea can be applied to the factor graph of a polar code to halve the number of stages, and thus to double the decoding throughput. By this idea, every two adjacent stages of a factor graph are combined and processed in a single step. In this paper, we propose a modified stage-combined BP decoding method that is able to improve the Bit-Error Rate (BER) performance of the decoding algorithm. This improvement is almost 0.5 dB at low to intermediate SNRs, and much more considerable at high SNRs, since the undesired phenomenon of error floor is mitigated as a result of the proposed stage-combining mechanism.
Energy Savings Potential of GaN LEDs for Energy Efficient Lighting and Future Research Directions (2013)

LEDs fabricated from gallium nitride have lead to the realization of high-efficiency white solid-state lighting. At UCSB's Solid State Lighting and Energy Center we have fabricated advanced GaN white LEDs structures which exhibit luminous efficacy greater than 170 lm/Watt, and external quantum efficiencies higher than 50%. This has helped enabled LEDs lighting to compete with traditional lighting technologies such as incandescent and CFL. A review of the energy savings potential of LED based lighting compared to traditional technologies will be addressed. The U.S. Department of Energy estimates that in 2030 the energy savings from LED lighting in the U.S. alone would amount to over $250 billion in energy savings
Resolution of hepatic fibrosis after ZFN-mediated gene editing in the PiZ mouse model of human α1-antitrypsin deficiency (2023)

Background: α1-antitrypsin deficiency is most commonly caused by a mutation in exon-7 of SERPINA1 (SA1-ATZ) , resulting in hepatocellular accumulation of a misfolded variant (ATZ). Human SA1-ATZ -transgenic (PiZ) mice exhibit hepatocellular ATZ accumulation and liver fibrosis. We hypothesized that disrupting the SA1-ATZ transgene in PiZ mice by in vivo genome editing would confer a proliferative advantage to the genome-edited hepatocytes, enabling them to repopulate the liver. Methods: To create a targeted DNA break in exon-7 of the SA1-ATZ transgene, we generated 2 recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAV) expressing a zinc-finger nuclease pair (rAAV-ZFN), and another rAAV for gene correction by targeted insertion (rAAV-TI). PiZ mice were injected i.v. with rAAV-TI alone or the rAAV-ZFNs at a low (7.5×10 10 vg/mouse, LD) or a high dose (1.5×10 11 vg/mouse, HD), with or without rAAV-TI. Two weeks and 6 months after treatment, livers were harvested for molecular, histological, and biochemical analyses. Results: Two weeks after treatment, deep sequencing of the hepatic SA1-ATZ transgene pool showed 6%±3% or 15%±4% nonhomologous end joining in mice receiving LD or HD rAAV-ZFN, respectively, which increased to 36%±12% and 36%±12%, respectively, 6 months after treatment. Two weeks postinjection of rAAV-TI with LD or HD of rAAV-ZFN, repair by targeted insertion occurred in 0.10%±0.09% and 0.25%±0.14% of SA1-ATZ transgenes, respectively, which increased to 5.2%±5.0% and 33%±13%, respectively, 6 months after treatment. Six months after rAAV-ZFN administration, there was a marked clearance of ATZ globules from hepatocytes, and resolution of liver fibrosis, along with reduction of hepatic TAZ/WWTR1, hedgehog ligands, Gli2, a TIMP, and collagen content. Conclusions: ZFN-mediated SA1-ATZ transgene disruption provides a proliferative advantage to ATZ-depleted hepatocytes, enabling them to repopulate the liver and reverse hepatic fibrosis.
Solid-Phase Synthesis of Oligonucleotides Labeled with Luminescent Lanthanide(III) Chelates (2005)

The synthesis of phosphoramidite building blocks that allow introduction of luminescent europium(III), terbium(III), dysprosium(III), and samarium(III) chelates to oligonucleotides on the solid phase is described. Several labeled oligonucleotides using these building blocks were prepared, and the photophysical properties of these bioconjugates were investigated.
Segregation of dioctyl phthalate to the surface of polystyrene films characterized by ToF‐SIMS and XPS (2018)

Polystyrene (PS)‐dioctyl phthalate (DOP) films were prepared by spin coating solutions of a mixture of PS and DOP on Si wafers and characterized by time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). ToF‐SIMS depth profile results showed that DOP mainly segregated to the top 10 nm of the surface of the PS‐DOP film as well as to the interface between the film and the substrate. The normalized intensities of the ions corresponding to DOP on the surface increased as the annealing temperature increased and reached a maximum at the annealing temperature of 60°C, and then decreased as the annealing temperature increased. XPS results indicate that the maximum amount of DOP segregated to the top surface of the PS‐DOP film can reach to 39 wt% at the annealing temperature of 60°C. In addition, DOP evaporated at 25°C under ultra‐high vacuum conditions; hence, ToF‐SIMS and XPS analyses need to be carried out at low temperatures (e.g., −40°C).
Optimal choice of the FEM damage volumes for estimation of the solder joint reliability for electronic package assemblies (2004)

The objective of this study is to define a more thorough and systematic method for selecting the damage volume. The damage volume has heeo optimised for a particular type of CSP. Thanks to the availability of test results for about 20 different configurations, the optimal damage volume could he found. It has been depicted that the optimal damage volume is a choice of a few elements selected out of two layers of elements near the location of highest strain. A similar accuracy is achieved when the two top layers of element is selected. However selecting only the top layer of elements overestimates the effect of the solder joint shape, and underestimates the effect of distance to neutral point. A different conclusion has been found for non-underfilled flip chip assemblies. Instead of using a fxed thickness of the damage volume for the CPSs, we have to use a damage volume proportional to the solder joint stand-off height. The reason is that the whole solder joint is deforming, while for the CSP, mainly the two top layers of elements take up the largest deformations. For other packages such as ceramic hall grid arrays (CBGA), quad flat package (e.g. QFN) and the polymer stud grid array (PSGA), an accurate empirical model is found hut it was not possible to find a closed method to defme the optimal damage volume due to the limited number of reliability data.
Investigating the effect of the electromagnetic field from a multi-band antenna embedded mobile phone on the Hearing Aid compatibility (2010)

In this paper, a multi-band antenna is designed, and the effect of its near-zone field on the Hearing Aid is checked.
Design of Robust LoS MIMO Systems with UCAs (2021)

As millimeter wave wireless communications are expected to be widely deployed in future applications, line-of-sight multiple-input multiple-output (LoS MIMO) systems are likely to become more important. The performance of LoS MIMO systems relies heavily on the placement of the antennas at the transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx) arrays, where the optimal antenna placement depends on the distance between the arrays. However, as a LoS MIMO system may be required to operate over a range of distances, the variation of the capacity and the spatial multiplexing gain are key design factors. Considering uniform circular arrays (UCA), by assuming that more than one UCAs are available at the Rx, we propose three array selection schemes for robust design of LoS MIMO UCA systems over a range of distances between the arrays. Their performance is evaluated in terms of their practical implications and their robustness with regard to a suitably defined measure.
High-efficiency grating-couplers: demonstration of a new design strategy (2017)

We present a simple and practical strategy that allows to design high-efficiency grating couplers. The technique is based on the simultaneous apodization of two structural parameters: the grating period and the fill-factor, along with the optimization of the grating coupler etching depth. Considering a 260 nm Si-thick Silicon-on-insulator platform, we numerically demonstrated a coupling efficiency of -0.8 dB (83%), well matching the experimental value of -0.9 dB (81%). Thanks to the optimized design, these results represent the best performance ever reported in the literature for SOI structures without the use of any back-reflector.
Selective Noncatalytic Hydration of N‐(1,1‐Dimethyl‐2‐propynyl)‐acetamide to N‐(1,1‐Dimethyl‐2‐oxopropyl)acetamide. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Standardized object services for complex business application support (2002)

The author argues that while object-oriented programming provides a foundation for component-based software construction, the quality of the objects' interfaces (at both system level and component level) is the key to making reuse an effective practice. It is necessary to cultivate an infrastructure that encourages quality interface design and large-scale reuse in order to make object-oriented technologies work for improved quality and productivity. The author proposes the use of standardized objects and services for achieving such an infrastructure in an object-oriented development environment. A business-related object-oriented modeling (BROOM) tool prototype that incorporates the concept of standardized objects and services is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Immersion lithography: New opportunities for semiconductor manufacturing (2004)

Immersion lithography has recently emerged as the preferred lithography solution for manufacturing the next generation of semiconductor devices (likely to address the 65, 45, and possibly the 32nm nodes). Full-field immersion scanners operating at λ=193nm with de-ionized water as the immersion fluid have been recently demonstrated. In this article we report imaging results from the AT1150i prototype, a 0.75 numerical-aperture full-field scanner from ASML. We experimentally confirm the depth-of-focus improvements that immersion enables, and explore the implications of this gain for semiconductor manufacturing. This article also highlights the challenges the technology faces before it can be successfully introduced for semiconductor manufacturing. We pay particular attention to defects, in the form of particles, bubbles, and other processing residues, and highlight evaporation as a key mechanism underpinning these challenges.
Performance of a Reduced Feedback OFDMA System Employing Joint Scheduling and Diversity (2011)

We consider joint scheduling and diversity to enhance the benefits of multiuser diversity in a multiuser OFDMA scheduling system. The OFDMA spectrum is assumed to consist of $N_{RB}$ resource blocks and the reduced feedback scheme consists of each user feeding back only the best- $N_{FB}$ signal to noise ratios. Assuming maximum SNR scheduling, we develop a framework to analyze the performance of both adaptive and non-adaptive rate schemes for a general value of $N_{FB}$. Based on this framework, we provide closed-form expressions for the sum rate and the bit error probability when transmit antenna selection is employed at the transmitter and maximal ratio combining is utilized at the receivers.
Moisture-assisted cracking and atomistic crack path meandering in oxidized hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide films (2013)

Moisture-assisted cracking of silica-derived materials results from a stress-enhanced reaction between water molecules and moisture-sensitive SiOSi bonds at the crack tip. We report the moisture-assisted cracking of oxidized hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide films (a-SiCO:H) consisting of both moisture-sensitive SiOSi bonds and moisture-insensitive bonds. The sensitivity of the films to moisture-assisted cracking was observed to increase with the SiOSi bond density, ρSiOSi. This sensitivity was correlated with the number of SiOSi bonds ruptured, NSiOSi, through an atomistic kinetic fracture model. By comparing these correlated NSiOSi values with those estimated by a planar crack model, we demonstrated that at the atomistic scale the crack path meanders three-dimensionally so as to intercept the most SiOSi bonds. This atomistic crack path meandering was verified by a computational method based on graph theory and molecular dynamics. Our findings could provide a basis for better understanding of moisture-assisted cracking in materials consisting of other types of moisture-sensitive and moisture-insensitive bonds.
Ultrafast, dual-depletion region, InGaAs/InP p-i-n detector (1996)

The design of a new kind of photodetector, the dual-depletion region p-i-n photodetector, is presented. This vertical detector has a parasitic capacitance and transit time that can be controlled semi-independently. This eases the classical tradeoff between these two speed limiting factors, allowing the design of large, fast detectors. A theoretical analysis of the transit time effect and the capacitance effect is made. This analysis is then used to compute optimum design parameters.
A Simple Method for Computing the Nonlinear Mass Correlation Function with Implications for Stable Clustering (2001)

International audience
Beam and tissue factors affecting Cherenkov image intensity for quantitative entrance and exit dosimetry on human tissue (2016)

This study's goal was to determine how Cherenkov radiation emission observed in radiotherapy is affected by predictable factors expected in patient imaging. Factors such as tissue optical properties, radiation beam properties, thickness of tissues, entrance/exit geometry, curved surface effects, curvature and imaging angles were investigated through Monte Carlo simulations. The largest physical cause of variation of the correlation ratio between of Cherenkov emission and dose was the entrance/exit geometry (˜50%). The largest human tissue effect was from different optical properties (˜45%). Beyond these, clinical beam energy varies the correlation ratio significantly (˜20% for X-ray beams), followed by curved surfaces (˜15% for X-ray beams and ˜8% for electron beams), and finally, the effect of field size (˜5% for X-ray beams). Other investigated factors which caused variations less than 5% were tissue thicknesses and source to surface distance. The effect of non-Lambertian emission was negligible for imaging angles smaller than 60 degrees. The spectrum of Cherenkov emission tends to blue-shift along the curved surface. A simple normalization approach based on the reflectance image was experimentally validated by imaging a range of tissue phantoms, as a first order correction for different tissue optical properties.
Temporally scalable motion compensated adaptive temporal subband coding of video (1999)

It has been asserted that temporal subband coding (TSB) is inferior to predictive coding for regionally motion compensated (e.g. block-based MC) temporally scalable compressed video. There are two major disadvantages of TSB coding: temporal filtering distortions, and 'open-loop' predictive coding of covered and uncovered regions. The 'open-loop' structure of TSB coding, however, affords two major advantages not enjoyed by MCP coding: simple optimal bit-allocation, non-existence of quantization error feedback. A new adaptive temporal subband (TSB) motion compensated predictive (MCP) coder is proposed. Hierarchical variable-sized block-matched regions with low predictive error are TSB coded, while poorly predicted regions are 'open-loop' MCP coded. Simulation results demonstrate that the adaptive coder substantially improves the temporal scalability of TSB coding, retains an advantageous 'open-loop' structure and provides comparable or superior PSNR to both MCP and TSB coding at MPEG-1 quality bitrates.
Reproducibility of native myocardial T1 mapping in the assessment of Fabry disease and its role in early detection of cardiac involvement by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (2014)

Native T1 mapping in Fabry disease is a reproducible technique. T1 reduction prior to the onset of LVH is associated with early diastolic and systolic changes measured by echocardiography.
Organic Synthesis (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Observation of D - π production correlations in 500 GeV π− - N interactions (1997)

We study the charge correlations between charm mesons produced in 500 GeV π− - N interactions and the charged pions produced closest to them in phase space. With 110,000 fully reconstructed D mesons from experiment E791 at Fermilab, the correlations are studied as functions of the Dπ - D mass difference and of Feynman x. We observe significant correlations which appear to originate from a combination of sources including fragmentation dynamics, resonant decays, and charge of the beam.
Phenomics (2014)

This chapter focuses on types of phenotypic measurements, technological advances that enable high-throughput phenotypic measurements, computational tools that are used to interpret and predict phenotypic behavior, and the impact that the field of phenomics will have on biotechnology. Phenomics looks to elucidate the genotype-phenotype relationship; as such, current work is primarily limited to studying organisms with a well characterized genotype. The current state of phenomics is focused on studying behaviors that are typical of simpler organisms. The growth properties of a microorganism can now be assessed in a high-throughput manner. Largely because of the newness of the field, the number of high-throughput technologies useful for phenomics is limited. Most tools that are particularly useful for phenomics are focused on measuring growth capabilities of microorganisms in a high-throughput manner. In the near future, one should expect the development of new technologies that will help propel the field of phenomics forward. Genome-scale models of metabolic networks are needed to interpret and predict phenomic data. So far, these genome-scale models have only been analyzed by using flux-balance analysis (FBA) and extreme pathway analysis, mainly due to a lack of measured enzymatic parameters that are needed in some of the other modeling methodologies. For this reason the principles behind FBA and its uses are discussed, and readers are encouraged to access the given references for descriptions of the other modeling methodologies. Finally, the chapter discusses two examples illustrating how the field of phenomics will affect biotechnology.