gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional diffraction analysis of phase and/or amplitude, single, or cascaded anisotropic gratings (1987)

Gratings with modulation varying with depth are important in both bulk and integrated optics. These gratings can be modeled as a cascaded stack of planar slab gratings. In addition, single or cascaded anisotropic gratings with external anisotropic regions are important in integrated optics for switching, modulation, and optical data processing.
Atomic-scale manipulation of potential barriers at SrTiO3 grain boundaries (2005)

In oxide grain boundaries (GBs), oxygen ions and their vacancies serve as a common denominator in controlling properties such as GB barrier height and capacitance. Therefore, it is critical to analyze, control and manipulate oxygen and vacancies at oxide interfaces as most of the practical devices are almost always influenced by the presence of electrostatic potential barriers at interfaces. Here, we report adjustment of a single GB potential barrier via manipulation of oxygen vacancy concentration using simple oxidation and reduction treatments. We validate our analysis with aberration-corrected HAADF imaging and column-by-column EELS coupled with macroscopic transport measurements of isolated GBs to gain important insight into the physical attributes of GB potential barriers.
Efficient, DoS-resistant, secure key exchange for internet protocols (2002)

We describe JFK, a new key exchange protocol, primarily designed for use in the IP Security Architecture. It is simple, efficient, and secure; we sketch a proof of the latter property. JFK also has a number of novel engineering parameters that permit a variety of trade-offs, most notably the ability to balance the need for perfect forward secrecy against susceptibility to denial-of-service attacks.
High‐directivity microstrip antenna with Mandelbrot fractal boundary (2017)

High‐directivity is a needed feature for small base station antennas in order to provide coverage to a certain geographic area. For wireless communications, arrays of microstrip antennas are frequently used as radiating elements due to their thin profile. In this study, a single microstrip element is proposed to achieve the same directivity as an array with a similar area but without using the complex feeding network usually required. A microstrip antenna inspired by the Mandelbrot fractal is designed achieving a narrow beamwidth in the vertical plane and a wide beamwidth in the horizontal plane, which is especially suitable for hot‐spots.
Fluorinated Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonists Inspired by Preladenant as Potential Cancer Immunotherapeutics (2017)

Antagonism of the adenosine A<sub>2A</sub> receptor on T cells blocks the hypoxia-adenosinergic pathway to promote tumor rejection. Using an <i>in vivo</i> immunoassay based on the Concanavalin A mouse model, a series of A<sub>2A</sub> antagonists were studied and identified preladenant as a potent lead compound for development. Molecular modeling was employed to assist drug design and subsequent synthesis of analogs and those of tozadenant, including fluorinated polyethylene glycol PEGylated derivatives. The efficacy of the analogs was evaluated using two <i>in vitro</i> functional bioassays, and compound <b>29</b>, a fluorinated triethylene glycol derivative of preladenant, was confirmed as a potential immunotherapeutic agent.
Door Latch Strength in a Car Body Environment (1998)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Federal Motor Safety Standard (FMVSS) 206 regulates the minimum strength of side door latches in passenger carrying vehicles. The purpose of the standard's requirements is “to reduce the likelihood of occupants being ejected from vehicles in real world accidents.”&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Investigation of unwanted door openings during accidents has revealed various types of latch failures that do not produce latch and/or striker damage consistent with that found in Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard compliance testing.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;An intersection collision in which a striking vehicle contacts the struck vehicle aft of the affected door has for many years been considered the “most critical to door latch performance” (1). This type of car to car collision will often result in structural separation of the door end panel, “B” post striker panel or latch/striker assembly. These structural failures combine tensile and shear loading on the latch/striker assembly.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper defines the state of the industry with regard to vehicle door latch strength using a simple testing method that produces door latch separations more consistent with common intersection side impact collisions. The test methodology simultaneously applies both longitudinal and lateral loads as the vector sum of the FMVSS 206 defined loads. To place the test findings in perspective, results are normalized using the existing 206 requirements.&lt;/div&gt;
Performance analysis of IPNLMS for identification of time-varying systems (2010)

The tracking performance of adaptive filters is crucially important in practical applications involving time-varying systems. We present an analysis of the tracking performance for IPNLMS, one of the best known and best performing algorithms originally targeted at sparse system identification. We then validate our analytic results in practical simulations for echo cancellation for sparse and dispersive time-varying unknown echo path systems. These results show the analysis to be highly accurate in all the cases studied.
Executive functioning but not IQ or illness severity predicts occupational status in bipolar disorder (2020)

Executive functioning was a more powerful predictor of occupational status in bipolar disorder patients than IQ and other clinical factors, including illness severity.
PROSTATEx Challenges for computerized classification of prostate lesions from multiparametric magnetic resonance images (2018)

Grand challenges stimulate advances within the medical imaging research community; within a competitive yet friendly environment, they allow for a direct comparison of algorithms through a well-defined, centralized infrastructure. The tasks of the two-part PROSTATEx Challenges (the PROSTATEx Challenge and the PROSTATEx-2 Challenge) are (1) the computerized classification of clinically significant prostate lesions and (2) the computerized determination of Gleason Grade Group in prostate cancer, both based on multiparametric magnetic resonance images. The challenges incorporate well-vetted cases for training and testing, a centralized performance assessment process to evaluate results, and an established infrastructure for case dissemination, communication, and result submission. In the PROSTATEx Challenge, 32 groups apply their computerized methods (71 methods total) to 208 prostate lesions in the test set. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for these methods in the task of differentiating between lesions that are and are not clinically significant ranged from 0.45 to 0.87; statistically significant differences in performance among the top-performing methods, however, are not observed. In the PROSTATEx-2 Challenge, 21 groups apply their computerized methods (43 methods total) to 70 prostate lesions in the test set. When compared with the reference standard, the quadratic-weighted kappa values for these methods in the task of assigning a five-point Gleason Grade Group to each lesion range from <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.24</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:math> to 0.27; superiority to random guessing can be established for only two methods. When approached with a sense of commitment and scientific rigor, challenges foster interest in the designated task and encourage innovation in the field.
Energy-Efficient Massive MIMO for Serving Multiple Federated Learning\n Groups (2021)

With its privacy preservation and communication efficiency, federated\nlearning (FL) has emerged as a learning framework that suits beyond 5G and\ntowards 6G systems. This work looks into a future scenario in which there are\nmultiple groups with different learning purposes and participating in different\nFL processes. We give energy-efficient solutions to demonstrate that this\nscenario can be realistic. First, to ensure a stable operation of multiple FL\nprocesses over wireless channels, we propose to use a massive multiple-input\nmultiple-output network to support the local and global FL training updates,\nand let the iterations of these FL processes be executed within the same\nlarge-scale coherence time. Then, we develop asynchronous and synchronous\ntransmission protocols where these iterations are asynchronously and\nsynchronously executed, respectively, using the downlink unicasting and\nconventional uplink transmission schemes. Zero-forcing processing is utilized\nfor both uplink and downlink transmissions. Finally, we propose an algorithm\nthat optimally allocates power and computation resources to save energy at both\nbase station and user sides, while guaranteeing a given maximum execution time\nthreshold of each FL iteration. Compared to the baseline schemes, the proposed\nalgorithm significantly reduces the energy consumption, especially when the\nnumber of base station antennas is large.\n
Network Information Theory (2005)

This chapter contains sections titled: Gaussian Multiple-User Channels Jointly Typical Sequences Multiple-Access Channel Encoding of Correlated Sources Duality Between Slepian–Wolf Encoding and Multiple-Access Channels Broadcast Channel Relay Channel Source Coding with Side Information Rate Distortion with Side Information General Multiterminal Networks Summary Problems Historical Notes
NK Cells Infiltrating a MHC Class I-Deficient Lung Adenocarcinoma Display Impaired Cytotoxic Activity toward Autologous Tumor Cells Associated with Altered NK Cell-Triggering Receptors (2005)

NK cells are able to discriminate between normal cells and cells that have lost MHC class I (MHC-I) molecule expression as a result of tumor transformation. This function is the outcome of the capacity of inhibitory NK receptors to block cytotoxicity upon interaction with their MHC-I ligands expressed on target cells. To investigate the role of human NK cells and their various receptors in the control of MHC-I-deficient tumors, we have isolated several NK cell clones from lymphocytes infiltrating an adenocarcinoma lacking beta2-microglobulin expression. Unexpectedly, although these clones expressed NKG2D and mediated a strong cytolytic activity toward K562, Daudi and allogeneic MHC-class I+ carcinoma cells, they were unable to lyse the autologous MHC-I- tumor cell line. This defect was associated with alterations in the expression of natural cytotoxicity receptor (NCR) by NK cells and the NKG2D ligands, MHC-I-related chain A, MHC-I-related chain B, and UL16 binding protein 1, and the ICAM-1 by tumor cells. In contrast, the carcinoma cell line was partially sensitive to allogeneic healthy donor NK cells expressing high levels of NCR. Indeed, this lysis was inhibited by anti-NCR and anti-NKG2D mAbs, suggesting that both receptors are required for the induced killing. The present study indicates that the MHC-I-deficient lung adenocarcinoma had developed mechanisms of escape from the innate immune response based on down-regulation of NCR and ligands required for target cell recognition.
A part of the VP4 capsid protein exhibited by coxsackievirus B4 E2 is the target of antibodies contained in plasma from patients with type 1 diabetes (2008)

The capsid protein VP4 was identified previously as the target of antibodies contained in plasma enhancing the coxscakievirus B4 (CV-B4) E2-induced production of IFN-alpha by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The sequence of VP4 recognized by these antibodies was investigated. This sequence was identified as amino acids 11 to 30 by using synthetic overlapping peptides spanning VP4(CV-B4 E2) in competition experiments for antibodies enhancing the CV(B4 E2) induced production of IFN-alpha by PBMCs. This amino acid sequence was the major target of anti-VP4 antibodies according to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). There was a positive correlation between the levels of anti-VP4 and anti-VP4(11-30) peptide antibodies detected by ELISA. The levels and the prevalences of these antibodies were significantly higher in patients with type 1 diabetes than in healthy controls. The proportions and the levels of those antibodies in patients were independent of HLA-DR alleles, age, or presence of ketosis in blood and were not associated with newly or previously diagnosed disease. The VP4(CV-B4 E2) amino acid sequence was submitted to the Swiss-model in project mode to visualize the possible shape of the sequence of VP4 corresponding to amino acids 11-30 which appeared to be constituted principally by an non-structured loop. In conclusion, the sequence of VP4 corresponding to amino acids 11-30, or a part of it plays a role in the plasma-dependent enhancement of CV-B4 E2-induced production of IFN-alpha by PBMCs, suggesting that at 37 degrees C the virus exhibits that region of VP4 to antibodies.
Fluid injection microvalve (2023)

A microvalve for extracting small volume samples into analytical devices, e.g., high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) column, includes: a first body having a first interior surface and two or more outlet ports at the first interior surface that are in fluid communication with two or more first channels; a second body having a second interior surface and two or more inlet ports at the second interior surface that are in fluid communication with two or more second channels wherein the outlet ports of the first body are coaxial with the corresponding inlet ports of the second body such that there are at least two sets of coaxial port outlets and port inlets; a plate member, which has a substantially planar first mating surface and a substantially planar second mating surface, that is slidably positioned between the first interior surface and the second interior surface wherein the plate member has at least one aperture that traverses the height of the plate member, and wherein the aperture can be positioned to be coaxial with any of the at least two sets of coaxial port outlets and port inlets; and means for securing the first surface of the first body against the first mating surface and for securing the second surface of the second body against the second mating surface.
Physical-layer security in terahertz wireless links (2021)

This document was not made available for publication as part of the conference proceedings.
A Practical Solid Form Screen Approach To Identify a Pharmaceutical Glutaric Acid Cocrystal for Development (2009)

Pharmaceutical cocrystals could be used to improve the physicochemical properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Here, a practical solid form screen approach to identify pharmaceutical cocrystals in the early development stage is proposed. This approach first used a cogrinding screen to identify potential cocrystal former leads that could form cocrystals with the compound of interest, followed by a solvent-based screen to identify, evaluate, and generate the cocrystal candidates. This approach not only allows fast identification of the cocrystal candidates but also provides insights on their scalability. Using this approach for the development drug candidate, a glutaric acid cocrystal was identified that provided an improved intrinsic dissolution rate in comparison to that of the free form, and therefore this cocrystal is potentially a better solid form for development. The effects of solvents and structures of cocrystal formers on the cocrystal formation and the rationales for this approach are also discussed.
A mouse-based strategy for cyclophosphamide pharmacogenomic discovery (2003)

Genome-wide mapping approaches are needed to more fully understand the genetic basis of chemotherapy response. Because of technical and ethical limitations, cancer pharmacogenomics has not yet benefited from traditional robust familial genetic strategies. We have therefore explored the use of the inbred mouse as a genetic model system in which to study response to the cytotoxic agent cyclophosphamide. Multiple phenotypes have been assessed in response to cyclophosphamide in up to 19 inbred mouse strains, including in vitro hematopoietic progenitor cell toxicity and the mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells into peripheral blood. Hematopoietic progenitor cell toxicity in vitro varied 2-fold among strains, whereas in vivo progenitor cell mobilization varied almost 75-fold among strains. Males mobilized more hematopoietic progenitor cells than did females, and the low-mobilization phenotype was dominant to the high-mobilization phenotype in F1 hybrid animals. In an initial attempt to analyze candidate genes, genetic variation was assessed in three cytochrome P-450 genes involved in the metabolism of cyclophosphamide. Resequencing of eight strains identified 26 polymorphisms in these genes that may influence response to cyclophosphamide. Distinct regions of high- and low-polymorphism rates were identified, and two common haplotypes were shared among the strains for each gene that exhibited variation. This phenotypic and genotypic variation among inbred strains provides a framework for cyclophosphamide pharmacogenomic discovery.
Strategies for Nonmacrocyclic Polythioether Ligands: New Pentacoordinating Architectures (1994)

CuII ions form exclusively 1:1 complexes with polythioethers 1 and 2, which have a central, cis-disubstituted thiane and thiepane unit, respectively. In contrast, an acyclic polythioether analogue forms higher order complexes. These results indicate that nonmacrocyclic thioethers may also serve as effective chelating ligands. The stereospecific synthesis of 1 and 2 also points the way to novel thiacryptands.
Fast skeletal muscle troponin activator in the dy2J muscular dystrophy model (2013)

We conclude that tirasemtiv influences the structure of the skeletal muscle fiber in this model of muscular dystrophy but does not impact muscle function, as evaluated in this study.
Development of Highly Selective Oxidation Catalysts by Atomic Layer Deposition (2014)

metal sites in a protected 'cage.' Such catalysts were prepared with silica-containing fractal cages. The activity was essentially the same as that of catalysts without the cages. We are currently awaiting follow-up experiments to determine the attrition strength of these catalysts. A second experimental stage was undertaken to prepare and evaluate active FT catalysts formed by atomic-layer deposition [ALD] of active components on supported membranes and particulate supports. The concept was that of depositing active metals (i.e. ruthenium, iron or cobalt) upon membranes with well defined flow channels of small diameter and length such that the catalytic activity and product molecular weight distribution could be controlled. In order to rapidly evaluate the catalytic membranes, the ALD coating processes were performed in an 'exploratory mode' in which ALD procedures from the literature appropriate for coating flat surfaces were applied to the high surface area membranes. Consequently, the Fe and Ru loadings in the membranes were likely to be smaller than those expected for complete monolayer coverage. In addition, there was likely to be significant variation in the Fe and Ru loading among the membranes due to difficulties in nucleating these materials on the aluminum oxide surfaces. The first series of experiments using coated membranes demonstrated that the technology needed further improvement. Specifically, observed catalytic FT activity was low. This low activity appeared to be due to: (1) low available surface area, (2) atomic deposition techniques that needed improvements, and (3) insufficient preconditioning of the catalyst surface prior to FT testing. Therefore, experimentation was expanded to the use of particulate silica supports having defined channels and reasonably high surface area. This later experimentation will be discussed in the next progress report. Subsequently, we plan to evaluate membranes after the ALD techniques are improved with a careful study to control and quantify the Fe and Ru loadings. The preconditioning of these surfaces will also be further developed. (A number of improvements have been made with particulate supports; they will be discussed in the subsequent report.) In support of the above, there was an opportunity to undertake a short study of cobalt/promoter/support interaction using the Advanced Photon Source (APS) of Argonne. Five catalysts and a reference cobalt oxide were characterized during a temperature programmed EXAFS/XANES experimental study with the combined effort of Argonne and the Center for Applied Energy Research (CAER) of the University of Kentucky. This project was completed, and it resulted in an extensive understanding of the preconditioning step of reducing Co-containing FT catalysts. A copy of the resulting manuscript has been submitted and accepted for publication. A similar project was undertaken with iron-containing FT catalysts; the data is currently being studied.
Single-event Evaluation of Xilinx 16nm UltraScale+™ High-Bandwidth Memory Enabled FPGA (2019)

Single-event characterization of a Xilinx 16nm UltraScale+ Virtex high bandwidth memory (HBM)-enabled FPGA was performed using both the 64 MeV proton beam at Crocker Nuclear Laboratory and the neutron beam at LANSCE. Both single-event upset (SEU) and single-event functional interrupt (SEFI) analysis were performed on HBM stacks, fabric interface and HBM interface.
Repo-Man recruits PP1γ to chromatin and is essential for cell viability (2006)

Protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) is a ubiquitous serine/threonine phosphatase regulating many cellular processes. PP1alpha and -gamma are closely related isoforms with distinct localization patterns, shown here by time-lapse microscopy of stably expressed fluorescent protein fusions. A pool of PP1gamma is selectively loaded onto chromatin at anaphase. Using stable isotope labeling and proteomics, we identified a novel PP1 binding protein, Repo-Man, which selectively recruits PP1gamma onto mitotic chromatin at anaphase and into the following interphase. This approach revealed both novel and known PP1 binding proteins, quantitating their relative distribution between PP1alpha and -gamma in vivo. When overexpressed, Repo-Man can also recruit PP1alpha to chromatin. Mutating Repo-Man's PP1 binding domain does not disrupt chromatin binding but abolishes recruitment of PP1 onto chromatin. RNA interference-induced knockdown of Repo-Man caused large-scale cell death by apoptosis, as did overexpression of this dominant-negative mutant. The data indicate that Repo-Man forms an essential complex with PP1gamma and is required for the recruitment of PP1 to chromatin.