gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
P3‐268: Amyloid‐beta (Aß) 42 prefibrillar oligomer‐specific mimotope‐peptide which inhibits Aß42 but not Aß40 fibril formation (2009)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by abnormal amyloid-ß (Aß) aggregation in brain including fibrils and oligomers. The Aß peptides mainly generate two isoform, Aß40 and Aß42 by enzymatic proteolysis of amyloid precursor protein (APP). In particular, the Aß42 is believed to be the major etiologic agent in pathogenesis of AD due to its higher fibrillation or oligomerization properties than that of Aß40. Recently we have established conformation dependent human antibody, B6, which binds to Aß42 fibril, but not to soluble form of Aß42, inhibiting Aß42 fibril formation. Concurrently, we have identified a mimotope of B6, B6-C15, using the PhD.C7C phage library. We chemically synthesized TAT-conjugated B6-C15 peptide, TAT-B6-C15. This synthetic peptide has inhibitory activity on Aß42 fibrillation. Furthermore, TAT-B6-C15 specifically binds to the oligomer form of Aß42, but not to freshly prepared monomer Aß42 nor its fibril form. In this study, we investigated the effect of this TAT-B6-C15 peptide on Aß40 assembly. Aß42 or Aß40 was incubated at 37°C in the presence or absence of TAT-B6-C15 peptide. Aß fibrillation was monitored by amyloid specific fluorescence dye, Thioflavin T. To identify the Aß conformers which specifically bound to TAT-B6-C15 peptide, we performed dot blot analysis. Aß conformers were periodically sampled after the onset of Aß40 or 42 fibrillation assay and hand-spotted onto nitrocellulose membrane, followed by incubation with detection probes such as TAT-B6-C15 or anti-Aß antibody. The TAT-B6-C15 peptide exhibited inhibitory effect on Aß42, but not Aß40 fibrillation. Furthermore, the TAT-B6-C15 showed binding activity to the Aß42 prefibrillar oligomer, but not any Aß40 conformers. The mimotope peptide which identified as conformation dependent antibody epitope, specifically binds to prefibrillar oligomers of Aß42, inhibiting Aß42 but not Aß40 fibril formation.
Dynamic Power Allocation in High Throughput Satellite Communications: A Two-Stage Advanced Heuristic Learning Approach (2022)

The dynamic radio resource management technology is an essential technology in high throughput satellite (HTS) communications. Aiming at the problem that the traditional static radio resource allocation is difficult to meet the dynamic traffic, the dynamic radio resource allocation based on the meta-heuristic algorithm has been extensively studied. Since wireless channel conditions, differentiated services have stochastic properties, and the environment's dynamics are unknown in HTS, the dynamic radio resource allocation based on model-free deep reinforcement learning (DRL) method was used to learn the optimal policy through interactions with the situation. However, the generalization ability of the existing DRL cannot fully meet the great dynamic change in HTS. To address this issue, we explore an advanced heuristic learning approach that combines DRL with one heuristic algorithm. In the proposed approach, we apply the DRL to accelerate the convergence of the heuristic algorithm and verify the proposed method in the dynamic power allocation (DPA) in HTS. Compared with the traditional methods, the simulation results show that the proposed approach can accelerate the convergence of the heuristic method for the allocation of power in HTS and has a low time complexity of the decision. Compared with the traditional methods, our proposed method can reduce the computational overhead by 6.2–94.8%.
<i>Burkholderia</i> strains used in this study<sup>a</sup>. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; 13 Bp, 11 Bm, and 9 Bt strains listed in this table were used for analysis of Bucl characteristics (&lt;a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0137578#pone.0137578.t002" target="_blank"&gt;Table 2&lt;/a&gt;), in part for distribution assessment (&lt;a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0137578#pone.0137578.t004" target="_blank"&gt;Table 4&lt;/a&gt;), and for phylogenetic analyses. Strain abbreviations listed in this table are used in all figures.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt; Strains which were also tested by PCR for &lt;i&gt;bucl&lt;/i&gt; distribution.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Burkholderia&lt;/i&gt; strains used in this study&lt;a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0137578#t003fn001" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
IL13Rα2 expression identifies tissue‐resident IL‐22‐producing PLZF+ innate T cells in the human liver (2018)

Innate lymphocytes are selectively enriched in the liver where they have important roles in liver immunology. Murine studies have shown that type I NKT cells can promote liver inflammation, whereas type II NKT cells have an anti-inflammatory role. In humans, type II NKT cells were found to accumulate in the gut during inflammation and IL13Rα2 was proposed as a marker for these cells. In the human liver, less is known about type I and II NKT cells. Here, we studied the phenotype and function of human liver T cells expressing IL13Rα2. We found that IL13Rα2 was expressed by around 1% of liver-resident memory T cells but not on circulating T cells. In support of their innate-like T-cell character, the IL13Rα2<sup>+</sup> T cells had higher expression of promyelocytic leukaemia zinc finger (PLZF) compared to IL13Rα2<sup>-</sup> T cells and possessed the capacity to produce IL-22. However, only a minority of human liver sulfatide-reactive type II NKT cells expressed IL13Rα2. Collectively, these findings suggest that IL13Rα2 identifies tissue-resident intrahepatic T cells with innate characteristics and the capacity to produce IL-22.
Photoresponsive Dendritic Monolayers (2000)

Azobenzene derivatives are excellent candidates for optical switching systems, due to their facile and reversible photoisomerization. However, the chromophores are usually aggregated in Langmuir–Blodgett films, which suppresses this cis–trans isomerization. Here is reported the anchoring of palmitoyl and azobenzene functions to a fifth-generation dendrimer (see Figure) to yield very stable monolayers that show reversible photoinduced switching.
Apoptosis Correlates with Immune Activation in Intestinal Lymphoid Tissue from Macaques Acutely Infected by a Highly Enteropathic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus, SIVsmmPBj14 (1996)

The PBj14 isolate of simian immunodeficiency virus, SIVsmmPBj14, induces an acutely lethal disease in experimentally inoculated pigtailed macaques, that is characterized by severe enteropathy and extensive immune activation, particularly within gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). Experiments were conducted to determine whether virally induced immune activation might promote the induction of apoptosis in GALT during acute SIVsmmPBj14 infection. In situ labeling studies revealed a significant increase in the number of apoptotic cells within GALT from macaques with acute SIVsmmPBj14 infection, compared to (i) other tissues from the same animals, (ii) GALT from virus-negative animals, or (iii) GALT from macaques that were sacrificed soon after infection with SIVmac239, which does not cause acutely lethal enteropathy. These findings were confirmed by biochemical assays of DNA fragmentation, using DNA laddering and ELISA techniques. Immunostaining experiments revealed a strong positive correlation between the extent of apoptosis and the degree of immune activation, as assessed either by the number of cells which contained nuclear (activated) RelA or by the number of cells immunoreactive for CD25, a T-cell activation marker. Additional analyses of SIV antigen expression revealed that the majority of the apoptotic cells were not productively infected by SIV (i.e., that they were bystander cells). Taken together, these findings support the hypothesis that SIVsmmPBj14 efficiently induces immune activation and that this results in extensive apoptosis within gut-associated lymphoid tissue during acute viral infection.
OJIT: A Novel Obfuscation Approach Using Standard Just-In-Time Compiler Transformations (2015)

International audience
Carbon nanotube micro-electrodes for neuronal interfacing (2008)

This article highlights our recent progress in developing carbon nanotube based electrodes for neurochip applications. By integrating carbon nanotube growth with standard micro-fabrication techniques we have realized novel carbon nanotube based micro-electrode arrays for neuronal interfacing and network engineering. The novel electrodes possess a unique set of properties that make them a promising platform for future neuronal interfacing applications. In particular, carbon nanotube electrodes may potentially be used for neuro-prosthetic devices or as novel biosensors.
Clival Incidentaloma (2006)

A 62-year-old male had experienced atypical dysuria and penile pain for 6 months. He had already seen a urologist and a neurologist. The urological and neurological evaluations had not identified the cause of his pain. He felt well and had no other complaints. His medical history was remarkable only for kidney stones for which he had undergone lithotripsy. The patient's physical and neurological examinations were completely normal. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the thoracic and lumbar spine, obtained previously, was also normal.
Neoplastic Cell Activation And Proliferative Response To CD40-Ligand Characterize Recurrent Leukemic Bouts In An Unusual Case Of Low Grade Lymphoma (2000)

Spontaneous fluctuations in activity of low-grade B cell lymphomas are common but not understood. An explanation may be offered by studying an atypical SLL/CLL case characterized by recurrent cycles of leukemic phase alternating with spontaneous remission (1). During remissions, residual IgMkappa+ leukemic cells exhibited resting phenotype, low proliferative response to CD4O-ligand and delayed apoptosis. In contrast, the acute phase counterparts were phenotypically activated, underwent rapid apoptosis in culture and proliferated extensively in response to membrane-anchored CD40-ligand. Transient bursts of serum TNFalpha and IL-10 preceded the acute phases, which were characterized by the co-existence of CD40-ligand+ T lymphocytes and lymphoma cells in the bone marrow. Based on ex-vivo and in-vitro data, we suggest that changes in the lymphoma milieu affect the neoplastic cell activation status, rate of proliferation in response to activated T cells and rate of apoptosis. These responses may underlie both the induction and spontaneous regression of the acute phases in this unique lymphoma. Our findings raise the possibility that part of this mechanism may have evolved during transformation of indolent common CLL to its more aggressive form.
Construction of bilingual multimodal corpora of referring expressions in collaborative problem solving (2010)

This paper presents on-going work on constructing bilingual multimodal corpora of referring expressions in collaborative problem solving for English and Japanese.The corpora were collected from dialogues in which two participants collaboratively solved Tangram puzzles with a puzzle simulator.Extra-linguistic information such as operations on puzzle pieces, mouse cursor position and piece positions were recorded in synchronisation with utterances.The speech data was transcribed and time-aligned with the extra-linguistic information.Referring expressions in utterances that refer to puzzle pieces were annotated in terms of their spans, their referents and their other attributes.The Japanese corpus has already been completed, but the English counterpart is still undergoing annotation.We have conducted a preliminary comparative analysis of both corpora, mainly with respect to task completion time, task success rates and attributes of referring expressions.These corpora showed significant differences in task completion time and success rate.
Data acquisition for wearables and in-patient monitoring (2016)

In-patient monitoring of blood pressure, heart rate, and pulse oximetry require very sensitive analog front ends (AFE's) designed from a system perspective. Analog techniques to lower power consumption of the AFE's while maintaining SNR will be discussed. Challenges for power management in wearables and digital processing needed for next generation patient monitoring will be discussed from the context of improving patient comfort, without sacrificing performance. This paper describes some of the critical parameters and design approaches for state-of-the-art monitoring systems focusing on signal acquisition and intelligent signal processing.
A 0.4-μm CMOS 10-Gb/s 4-PAM pre-emphasis serial link transmitter (2002)

A 10-Gb/s serial link transmitter fabricated in the LSI 0.4-/spl mu/m CMOS process uses multilevel signaling (4-PAM) and a 3-tap pre-emphasis filter to reduce intersymbol interference (ISI) caused by channel low-pass effects. Due to the maximum on-chip frequency set by process limitations, a 5:1 output multiplexer is used to reduce the required clock frequency to 1/5 the symbol rate. With a 3.3-V supply, the chip shows an eye opening of >200 mV after a 10-m coaxial cable in simulations.
WCDMA uplink system performance (2005)

In WCDMA, uplink radio resources are shared by multiple users and the radio resource management (RRM) is done at the UTRAN (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network). In this paper, the link and system performance of the WCDMA uplink is evaluated using different techniques such as retransmissions with incremental redundancy (IR), short frame durations and fast scheduling. It is seen that the radio link efficiency can be improved using IR, while the traffic delays can be reduced and cell throughput can be enhanced by using fast scheduling and short frame durations.
Interactions of some novel amide-linked bis(acridines) with deoxyribonucleic acid (1982)

A novel series of bis(acridines) has been synthesized in which the two potential intercalating chromophores are separated by symmetrical amide-linked chains varying in both length and conformational flexibility. By comparison to a monointercalating adduct, mono- vs. bis-intercalative behavior has been established for the bis(acridines). Spectrophotometric (visible, circular dichroism, and fluorescence) and viscometric (linear sonicated and closed circular superhelical DNA) experiments indicate that a highly rigid 8.8 A separated bis(acridine) monointercalates, whereas the longer and more flexible bis(acridines) are capable of bis-intercalation. In addition, spectrophotometric studies suggest a correlation between the tendency of intramolecular association and the ability to bis-intercalate. The results are in agreement with predictions based on the neighbor-exclusion principle and indicate that connecting chain rigidity is capable of playing a determining role in the mono- vs. bis-intercalation mechanism.
Electrospun composite poly(L-lactic acid)/tricalcium phosphate scaffolds induce proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (2009)

Development of tissue-engineered bone constructs has recently focused on the use of electrospun composite scaffolds seeded with stem cells from various source tissues. In this study, we fabricated electrospun composite scaffolds consisting of beta-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) crystals and poly(L-lactic acid) (PLA) at varying loading levels of TCP (0, 5, 10, 20 wt%) and assessed the composite scaffolds' material properties and ability to induce proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) in the presence of osteogenic differentiating medium. The electrospun scaffolds all exhibited a nonwoven structure with an interconnected porous network. With the addition of TCP, the fiber diameter increased with each treatment ranging from 503.39 +/- 20.31 nm for 0 wt% TCP to 1267.36 +/- 59.03 nm for 20 wt% TCP. Tensile properties of the composite scaffolds were assessed and the overall tensile strength of the neat scaffold (0 wt% TCP) was 847 +/- 89.43 kPA; the addition of TCP significantly decreased this value to an average of 350.83 +/- 38.57 kPa. As the electrospun composite scaffolds degraded in vitro, TCP was released into the medium with the largest release occurring within the first 6 days. Human ASCs were able to adhere, proliferate and osteogenically differentiate on all scaffold combinations. DNA content increased in a temporal manner for each scaffold over 18 days in culture although for the day 12 timepoint, the 10 wt% TCP scaffold induced the greatest hASC proliferation. Endogenous alkaline phosphatase activity was enhanced on the composite PLA/TCP scaffolds compared to the PLA control particularly by day 18. It was noted that at the highest TCP loading levels of 10 and 20 wt%, there was a dramatic increase in the amount of cell-mediated mineralization compared to the 5 wt% TCP and the neat PLA scaffold. This work suggests that local environment cues provided by the biochemical nature of the scaffold can accelerate the overall osteogenic differentiation of hASCs and encourage rapid ossification.
Synthesis and Immobilization of erythro‐C14‐ω‐Aminosphingosine‐1‐phosphate as a Potential Tool for Affinity Chromatography (2007)

A sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) analogue containing a terminal alkyl chain amino group is synthesized in a few steps via olefin cross-metathesis of an optically resolved intermediate and subsequent phosphorylation. Regioselective acylation of this intermediate at its N terminus in solution is demonstrated as a model reaction and provides a biologically active derivative. Finally, the omega-amino intermediate is immobilized on an affinity matrix. The choice of a UV-active phosphate protecting group allows for quantification of resin loading after cleavage which amounted to 66 %.
3PC ORAM with Low Latency, Low Bandwidth, and Fast Batch Retrieval. (2018)

Multi-Party Computation of Oblivious RAM (MPC ORAM) implements secret-shared random access memory in a way that protects access pattern privacy against a threshold of corruptions. MPC ORAM enables secure computation of any RAM program on large data held by different entities, e.g. MPC processing of database queries on a secret-shared database. MPC ORAM can be constructed by any (client-server) ORAM, but there is an efficiency gap between known MPC ORAM’s and ORAM’s. Current asymptotically best MPC ORAM is implied by an “MPC friendly” variant of Path-ORAM [26] called Circuit-ORAM, due to Wang et al [27]. However, using garbled circuit for Circuit-ORAM’s client implies MPC ORAM which matches Path-ORAM in rounds but increases bandwidth by \(\varOmega (\kappa )\) factor, while using GMW or BGW protocols implies MPC ORAM which matches Path-ORAM in bandwidth, but increases round complexity by \(\varOmega ({\log n}\log {\log n})\) factor, where \(\kappa \) is a security parameter and \(n\) is memory size.
Ultrafast Dynamics of Ozone Exposed to Ionizing Radiation (2012)

By irradiating ozone molecules with few-femtosecond soft x-ray pulses and probing the fragmentation pathways, we find that any excess energy is rapidly and efficiently transferred into internal excitation of the triatomic molecule.
High-Frequency Low-Distortion One-Tone and Two-Tone Signal Generation Using Arbitrary Waveform Generator (2019)

This paper describes analysis, simulation and experiment verification of high-frequency one-tone and two-tone low-distortion signal generation methods with an arbitrary waveform generator (AWG) for analog/mixed-signal IC testing. Our previously proposed phase switching method was limited to low-frequency signal generation, and it cannot be used directly for high-frequency signal generation. We propose here a method for generating a low-distortion high-frequency signal (i.e., the frequency close to the Nyquist frequency of the AWG) with an AWG, and show its theoretical analysis and simulation results. With this proposed method, 3rd order harmonics of the generated signal are suppressed simply by changing the AWG program (or waveform memory contents)—AWG nonlinearity identification is not required—and spurious components, generated far from the signal band, are relatively easy to remove using an analog filter.
Organic Chromophores Designed for Hole Injection into Wide-Band-Gap Metal Oxides for Solar Fuel Applications (2020)

The power conversion efficiency of tandem dye-sensitized photoelectrosynthesis cells is limited by the number of p-type metal oxide semiconductors and chromophores available for the photocathode. Here, we introduce a new class of donor–acceptor–donor organic chromophores with deep highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) levels to target hole injection into PbTiO3, a wide-band-gap metal oxide alternative to NiO. Electrochemical measurements show that we can tune the range of the chromophores’ electron affinity between ∼4.30 and 3.30 eV and keep the ionization potential at ∼−6.50 eV. The absorption profiles for these chromophores span throughout the visible region. The new chromophore reported here, benzobis(thiadiazole)bis(thiophene-3-carboxylic acid), T2-BBT, adsorbed onto PbTiO3, obtained a maximum absorbed photon-to-current conversion efficiency of 54%. These results highlight the importance of designing chromophores with favorable redox potentials to study promising p-type wide-band-gap metal oxides for photocathodic applications.
Multifunctional Reconfigurable Spoof Surface Plasmon Polariton (SPP) Antenna (2022)

A switchable binary patterned surface plasmon polariton (SPP) leaky-wave antenna is proposed in this paper. The antenna consists of an ultra-thin corrugated metallic structure on 2mm thick substrate which supports highly confined spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). The antenna is fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) structure. To achieve a smooth conversion from the spatial mode in the CPW to the flat mode in the spoof surface plasmon (SPP) structure, two sector-like transition sections are introduced to suppress the return loss. Two varactors are integrated inside the SSP unit-cells to enable a reconfigurable surface impedance pattern. By actively modulating the surface impedance, a switching mechanism between the guided transmission mode and the leaky wave mode is achieved with a high degree of robustness. Furthermore, multi-directional beam steering from the broadside to endfire can be synthesized with this antenna with high efficiency. A highly directional pattern with a maximum realized gain that varies from 6 dBi to 8 dBi is demonstrated at 6 GHz.
Giant magneto-impedance effect in layered thin films (1997)

Giant Magneto-Impedance (GMI) of films with a layered structure has been studied. They are Co-Si-B/Cu/Co-Si-B, Co-Si-B/Ag/Co-Si-B, and Fe-Co-Si-B/Cu/Fe-Co-Si-B with a magnetic closed-loop structure. They also have a certain magnetic configuration, for which the uniaxial anisotropy is perpendicular to both the driving current and the external field. Consequently, both reactance X and resistance R of the films change remarkably due to the external field in the frequency range from 100 kHz to 10 MHz, at which the GMI effect hardly appears in the single layer films of the same thickness. The conductivity difference between the outer and inner layers is important in order to achieve a high impedance change ratio in this frequency range. As a result, the ratios /spl Delta/Z/|Z/sub 0/|=(Z/sub maximum/-Z/sub [Hext=0]/)/Z/sub [Hext=0]/ of Co-Si-B/Ag/Co-Si-B films are 440% for a field of 9 Oe at 10 MHz, and the average sensitivity is 49%/Oe. Furthermore, /spl Delta/Z/|Z/sub 0/| of Co-Si-B/Cu/Co-Si-B and Co-Si-B/Ag/Co-Si-B films at 1 MHz is as much as 140%, and the average sensitivity reaches 15%/Oe. The sensitivity at 1 MHz is higher than that of single-layer magneto-impedance films of the same thickness by three orders of magnitude.