gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Among Developmental Regulators, StuA but Not BrlA Is Essential for Penicillin V Production in Penicillium chrysogenum (2010)

In filamentous fungi, secondary metabolism is often linked with developmental processes such as conidiation. In this study we analyzed the link between secondary metabolism and conidiation in the main industrial producer of the β-lactam antibiotic penicillin, the ascomycete Penicillium chrysogenum. Therefore, we generated mutants defective in two central regulators of conidiation, the transcription factors BrlA and StuA. Inactivation of either brlA or stuA blocked conidiation and altered hyphal morphology during growth on solid media, as shown by light and scanning electron microscopy, but did not affect biomass production during liquid-submerged growth. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling identified a complex StuA- and BrlA-dependent regulatory network, including genes previously shown to be involved in development and secondary metabolism. Remarkably, inactivation of stuA, but not brlA, drastically downregulated expression of the penicillin biosynthetic gene cluster during solid and liquid-submerged growth. In agreement, penicillin V production was wild-type-like in brlA-deficient strains but 99% decreased in stuA-deficient strains during liquid-submerged growth, as shown by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Thus, among identified regulators of penicillin V production StuA has the most severe influence. Overexpression of stuA increased the transcript levels of brlA and abaA (another developmental regulator) and derepressed conidiation during liquid-submerged growth but did not affect penicillin V productivity. Taken together, these data demonstrate an intimate but not exclusive link between regulation of development and secondary metabolism in P. chrysogenum.
Reactions of superoxide with iron porphyrins in aprotic solvents. A high spin ferric porphyrin peroxo complex (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of superoxide with iron porphyrins in aprotic solvents. A high spin ferric porphyrin peroxo complexElizabeth McCandlish, Andrew R. Miksztal, Mario Nappa, Alice Q. Sprenger, Joan S. Valentine, John D. Stong, and Thomas G. SpiroCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 12, 4268–4271Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00532a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00532a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views921Altmetric-Citations150LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The role of self-efficacy and locus of control in job readiness training programs (1998)

Research suggests that individuals with higher levels of self-efficacy and internal locus of control are more likely to engage in job search activities and persist for longer periods of time when faced with repeated failure when compared to individuals with low self-efficacy and external locus of control (Kulik and Rowland, J. Organization. Behav. 1989;10:361-367). This article will discuss how Bandura's (Psychol. Rev. 1977;84:191-214) self-efficacy theory and Rotter's (Psychol. Monogr.: Gen. Appl. 1966;80:1-27) locus of control theory can be applied to increase participation and persistence in job readiness training programs for people with disabilities. The authors will provide an overview of those theories and then use a case example to illustrate how they can be used in the job readiness process.
Early Feasibility Study of a Neurostimulator to Create Artificial Vision (2019)

INTRODUCTION: Stimulation of human visual cortex is known to elicit visual perceptions that could potentially be used for creating artificial vision. The Orion Visual Cortical Prosthesis is a new device that is intended to restore some functional vision to blind patients. METHODS: The device comprises an implant (consisting of an electronics package, receiving antenna, and an electrode array with 60 electrodes); glasses with a video camera; and a video processing unit (VPU). The camera collects real-time visual information, which is then processed by the VPU and converted to stimulation patterns sent to electrode array. The electronics are skull mounted with the subdural array implanted through a posterior interhemispheric approach. This is a 5-yr study of subjects who are bilaterally blind with bare light or no light perception due to non-cortical etiology. RESULTS: A total of 6 subjects have been implanted in 2 centers. As of May 1, 2019, average implant duration was 11.1 mo (range 3.4-15.0 mo). Average age at time of implant was 50.3 yr. Cause of blindness included trauma (2), pediatric glaucoma (2), optic neuropathy (1), and endophthalmitis (1). One serious adverse device event (seizure) has been reported. Average thresholds ranged from 1.6 to 3.7 mA across the 6 subjects. At 6 mo postimplant, 3 of 5 subjects performed significantly better with the system on than off on a light localization task; 2 subjects performed better on a direction of motion task, and no subjects had measurable visual acuity. All 5 subjects were rated as receiving “positive” or “mild positive” benefit on a functional vision assessment. One-year adverse event and visual performance data for the first 5 subjects will be presented and compared to results from a commercially-available retinal prosthesis. CONCLUSION: Safety and performance results of the first 5 subjects as of 6 mo postimplantation appear encouraging.
Affordable Design Realization for Ultrasound Based Non-Contact Eye Blink Event Detection (2018)

This paper reports a novel ultrasound technique for detecting eye-blinks from a distance. Most commonly available non-contact eye blink detection techniques are based on video detection. However, video camera based detection technique depends heavily on background illumination and are resource starving in nature. In this work, we primarily focus on ultrasound phase measurement technique to come up with an affordable yet sensitive system to detect eye blink events from a distance. In fact, the solution is built using readily available off-the shelve 40 kHz air-couple transducers, a 555 timer IC, a multiplier chip along with a few standard op-amps. The developed solution can find application where measurements are taken in control environments such as Brain-Computer Interfacing (BCI) projects to remove eye-blinks from Electroencephalography (EEG) signals.
Critical issues for Cu(InAl)Se/sub 2/ thin film solar cells (2003)

Cu(InAl)Se/sub 2/ thin film solar cells have been demonstrated with 16.9% efficiency using an absorber layer with Al/(In+Al)=0.13 giving a bandgap of 1.16 eV. However, the cell efficiency decreased as the Cu(InAl)Se/sub 2/ bandgap increased up to 1.7 eV. A critical development for these cells was the inclusion of a 5 nm thick Ga seed layer to improve the adhesion between the Cu(InAl)Se/sub 2/ and the Mo back contact. In this paper, critical issues for Cu(InAl)Se/sub 2/ thin film solar cells will be discussed, focusing on the film adhesion, and solar cell behavior with increasing bandgap. The effects of different flux-temperature-time profiles used for the elemental evaporation of Cu(InAl)Se/sub 2/ films, and different back contact structures will be characterized with respect to film morphology, structure, and adhesion, and to device behavior for Cu(InAl)Se/sub 2/ films with bandgaps from 1.1 to 1.5 eV. Finally, the prospects for Cu(InAl)Se/sub 2/ as the absorber layer in wide bandgap solar cells will be reviewed.
Reactive Oxygen Intermediates Are Involved in the Induction of CD95 Ligand mRNA Expression by Cytostatic Drugs in Hepatoma Cells (1997)

Oxidative stress has been associated with the induction of programmed cell death. The CD95 ligand/receptor system is a specific mediator of apoptosis. We have used the model of drug-induced apoptosis to assess whether the CD95 ligand mRNA is induced by reactive oxygen intermediates. Treatment of HepG2 hepatoma cells with bleomycin induced the production of reactive oxygen intermediates and, as an additional parameter of oxidative stress, resulted in glutathione (GSH) depletion. In parallel, CD95 ligand mRNA expression was induced. In a similar fashion CD95 ligand mRNA expression increased after treatment with H2O2. Additional treatment with the antioxidant and GSH precursor N-acetylcysteine resulted in partial restoration of intracellular GSH levels and in reduced induction of CD95 ligand mRNA. Induction of CD95 ligand mRNA by bleomycin was further reduced by combined treatment with N-acetylcysteine and deferoxamine. These data suggest a direct role of oxygen radicals in the induction of the CD95 ligand.
Radiation-induced neoplastic transformation of human cells. (1993)

Ionizing radiation can induce cancers in humans and animals and can cause in vitro neoplastic transformation of various rodent cell systems. However, numerous attempts to achieve neoplastic transformation of human cells by radiation have generally proven unsuccessful. Neoplastic transformation of immortalized human epidermal keratinocytes by X-ray irradiation has recently been reported. The carcinogenic effect of radiation on cultured human cells will be briefly reviewed. The current state-of-the-art in radiation-induced transformation of human cells in culture is presented. This will provide insight into the molecular and cellular mechanisms in the conversion of normal cells to a neoplastic state of growth.
ChemInform Abstract: Modified Faujasite Zeolites as Catalysts in Organic Reactions: Esterification of Carboxylic Acids in the Presence of HY Zeolites. (1990)

Abstract The esterification of phenylacetic and benzoic acids with EtOH, iPrOH, tBuOH, and p‐cresol is studied.
Bioluminescence Imaging Visualizes Activation of Nuclear Factor-κB in Mouse Cardiac Transplantation (2008)

BLI using Luc-NF-kappaB mice is a noninvasive approach to visualize the activation of NF-kappaB signaling in mouse cardiac allograft rejection and ischemia-reperfusion injury. CD154 mAb can inhibit NF-kappaB activation, which is reversed by toll-like receptor engagement.
Development of electric machine duty cycles for parallel hybrid electric Beijing city bus based on Markov chain (2012)

The paper represents an integrated and detailed procedure of developing representative duty cycles for evaluating the electric machine installed on parallel hybrid electric buses. First, real world bus route speed data were collected from the all-electric bus running on the No. 121 route in Beijing. Optimal load cycles of the electric machine are obtained from dynamic programming algorithm. Then, Markov chain and subsequent statistical analysis are used to construct representative load cycles for the electric components from the extracted information from the optimal cycles. Finally, the representative duty cycles were constructed for the motor performance and reliability testing procedures.
Motion-compensated techniques for enhancement of low-quality compressed videos (2009)

Algorithms for enhancement of low quality compressed videos are described and evaluated in this paper. Cascaded and combined spatio-temporal filters using hierarchical motion estimation and occlusion area detection are investigated for removal of severe coding artifacts and temporal flickering. Both objective and subjective evaluations prove that temporal filtering can significantly improve the video quality of low bit rate video sequences. The proposed methods could therefore be a differentiating feature for future IPTV design.
Single-crystal polarized electronic absorption spectra and ligand field parameters for the trichloro(triethylphosphine)platinate(II) ion (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSingle-crystal polarized electronic absorption spectra and ligand field parameters for the trichloro(triethylphosphine)platinate(II) ionJulia R. Phillips and Jeffrey I. ZinkCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1986, 25, 9, 1503–1505Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00229a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00229a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views33Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Deregulated BCL2 expression enhances growth of a human B cell line. (1989)

The BCL2 (B cell lymphoma/leukemia -2) and C-MYC oncogenes become activated by chromosomal translocations involving the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus in human follicular lymphomas and Burkitt lymphomas, respectively. Though much is known about the biological actions of C-MYC, little information is available concerning the functions of BCL2, particularly in human B cells. Using a gene transfer approach we contrasted the effects of deregulated BCL2 and C-MYC expression in a human EBV-immortalized B cell line GM607B. Both BCL2 and C-MYC enhanced the ability of GM607B cells to grow in reduced serum and in limiting dilution cultures. These findings provide direct evidence that BCL2 can alter the growth characteristics of human B lymphocytes, thus strengthening arguments for its role in the pathogenesis of human lymphomas.
Organometallic 4π Ligands as Building Blocks of Clusters (1987)

Abstract The chemistry of RP-bridged clusters may be interpreted in terms of coordinatively stabilized antiaromatic organometallic 4π ligands. The idea of regarding these 4π entities (cf. A – C) as the central constituents of clusters is a synthetically rewarding approach.
Transannular Diels-Alder route to systems related to dynemicin A (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTransannular Diels-Alder route to systems related to dynemicin AJohn A. Porco Jr., Frank J. Schoenen, Thomas J. Stout, Jon Clardy, and Stuart L. SchreiberCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 20, 7410–7411Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00176a060https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00176a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1186Altmetric-Citations153LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Thermoflow multiplicity in a packed‐bed reactor. II: Impact of volume change (1988)

Abstract Steady states with different flow rates and temperature profiles may exist in a monolith or multitube packed‐bed reactor operating under a prescribed pressure drop, due to the coupling among the species, energy, and momentum balances, and the change of physical properties with temperature and pressure. Criteria are derived predicting the conditions under which thermoflow multiplicity can occur for a gaseous reaction involving a change in the number of moles. In general, a reaction‐induced volume increase enables thermoflow multiplicity to occur for reactions with a lower adiabatic temperature rise. A surprising finding is that thermoflow multiplicity may be found for an isothermal reaction involving a volume decrease. This point emphasizes the difference in the feedback mechanism leading to thermoflow and thermokinetic multiplicity.
Intraoperative Dermatomal Evoked Potential Monitoring Fails to Predict Outcome From Lumbar Decompression Surgery (1997)

Intraoperative dermatomal evoked potential monitoring is technically demanding. Finding reproducible potentials is difficult. More research is necessary before general use of dermatomal evoked potentials for monitoring nerve root decompression.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMICAL PROCESSES IN VAPOR DEPOSITION OF SILICON. I. DEPOSITION FROM DICHLOROSILANE AND ETCHING BY HYDROCHLORIC ACID (1976)

Abstract Die chemischen Vorgänge, die während der Abscheidung aus der Dampfphase von Si sowie bei dem Ätzen auftreten, werden mit Hilfe eines an das Reaktionsgefäß gekoppelten Massenspektrometers untersucht.
Towards an Oligosaccharide‐Based Glycoconjugate Vaccine Against Shigella dysenteriae Type 1 (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
NADH oxidase and alkyl hydroperoxide reductase subunit C (peroxiredoxin) fromAmphibacillus xylanus form an oligomeric assembly (2015)

The NADH oxidase-peroxiredoxin (Prx) system of Amphibacillus xylanus reduces hydroperoxides with the highest turnover rate among the known hydroperoxide-scavenging enzymes. The high electron transfer rate suggests that there exists close interaction between NADH oxidase and Prx. Variant enzyme experiments indicated that the electrons from β-NADH passed through the secondary disulfide, Cys128-Cys131, of NADH oxidase to finally reduce Prx. We previously reported that ionic strength is essential for a system to reduce hydroperoxides. In this study, we analyzed the effects of ammonium sulfate (AS) on the interaction between NADH oxidase and Prx by surface plasmon resonance analysis. The interaction between NADH oxidase and Prx was observed in the presence of AS. Dynamic light scattering assays were conducted while altering the concentration of AS and the ratio of NADH oxidase to Prx in the solutions. The results revealed that the two proteins formed a large oligomeric assembly, the size of which depended on the ionic strength of AS. The molecular mass of the assembly converged at approximately 300 kDa above 240 mM AS. The observed reduction rate of hydrogen peroxide also converged at the same concentration of AS, indicating that a complex formation is required for activation of the enzyme system. That the complex generation is dependent on ionic strength was confirmed by ultracentrifugal analysis, which resulted in a signal peak derived from a complex of NADH oxidase and Prx (300 mM AS, NADH oxidase: Prx = 1:10). The complex formation under this condition was also confirmed structurally by small-angle X-ray scattering.
Protein kinase C activation allows pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells to proliferate to hypoxia (1991)

Pulmonary artery (PA) smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation occurs with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension in vivo. However, proliferation of cultured PA SMC to hypoxia has not been demonstrated, and thus the mechanism by which these cells respond to hypoxia is unknown. Because protein kinase C (PKC) plays a role in intracellular transduction of proliferative signals, we asked whether PKC activation 1) causes proliferation of bovine PA SMC and 2) is important in PA SMC proliferative response to hypoxia. By measuring [3H]thymidine incorporation and cell counts, we found that quiescent PA SMC from four different cows proliferated with the PKC activator, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), in a concentration-dependent manner. The proliferation was blocked with a PKC inhibitor, dihydrosphingosine, or by downregulating SMC PKC. We tested whether "priming" PA SMC by PKC activation was required for in vitro SMC proliferative response to hypoxia. Each SMC population was treated with PMA and then exposed for 24 h to 20, 10, 7, 3 or 0% O2. These cells proliferated with hypoxia reaching a peak response at 3% O2. The magnitude of the response to PMA and hypoxia was different for each cell population tested. No hypoxic proliferation occurred in control cells (no PMA). Dihydrosphingosine blocked the hypoxic response to the same extent that it inhibited the initial PMA conditioning stimulus. PKC-downregulated PA SMC did not proliferate to PMA or to subsequent hypoxia. The hypoxic response was not due to a reduction in O2 radical-mediated antiproliferative effect; rather, the PMA-primed cells seemed to "acquire" the ability to directly sense hypoxia and proliferate. In summary, PKC activation caused proliferation of PA SMC in vitro and allowed an additional proliferative response to hypoxia. Activation of PKC may be a requisite step for PA SMC to respond directly to hypoxia.
Positron Lifetime in C60/C70Powder (1991)

Positron lifetime spectra have been measured in C 60 /C 70 and graphite powders at room temperature. It has been found that the spectrum for C 60 /C 70 has only one component of lifetime 393 ps, whereas that for graphite has three components of lifetimes 237 ps, 455 ps, and 88 ns. The single component in C 60 /C 70 does not originate from positronium. Considering its lifetime, the positron's ground state in C 60 /C 70 is supposed to be localized in the periodic free space of the C 60 /C 70 crystal structure.
Impact of Carrier Lifetime Enhancement Using High Temperature Oxidation on 15 kV 4H-SiC P-GTO Thyristor (2017)

The impact of the lifetime enhancement process using high temperature thermal oxidation method on 4H-SiC P-GTOs was investigated. 15 kV 4H-SiC P-GTOs with 140 μm thick drift layers, with and without 1450°C lifetime enhancement oxidation (LEO) process, were compared. The LEO process increased the average carrier lifetime in p-type epi layer from 0.9 μs to 6.25 μs, and it was observed that the effectiveness of the lifetime enhancement process was very sensitive to the doping concentration. The device with the LEO process showed a significant reduction in forward voltage drop and a substantially lower holding current, as expected from the carrier lifetime measurements. However, a slight reduction in blocking capability was also observed from the devices treated with LEO process. The common emitter current gain (β) of the wide base test NPN BJT was approximately 10X higher for the wafer with LEO process.