gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Review: Genomics of bull fertility (2018)

Fertility is one of the most economically important traits in both beef and dairy cattle production; however, only female fertility is typically subjected to selection. Male and female fertility have only a small positive genetic correlation which is likely due to the existence of a relatively small number of genetic variants within each breed that cause embryonic and developmental losses. Genomic tools have been developed that allow the identification of lethal recessive loci based upon marker haplotypes. Selection against haplotypes harbouring lethal alleles in conjunction with selection to improve female fertility will result in an improvement in male fertility. Genomic selection has resulted in a two to fourfold increase in the rate of genetic improvement of most dairy traits in US Holstein cattle, including female fertility. Considering the rapidly increasing rate of adoption of high-throughput single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping in both the US dairy and beef industries, genomic selection should be the most effective of all currently available approaches to improve male fertility. However, male fertility phenotypes are not routinely recorded in natural service mating systems and when artificial insemination is used, semen doses may be titrated to lower post-thaw progressively motile sperm numbers for high-merit and high-demand bulls. Standardization of sperm dosages across bull studs for semen distributed from young bulls would allow the capture of sire conception rate phenotypes for young bulls that could be used to generate predictions of genetic merit for male fertility in both males and females. These data would allow genomic selection to be implemented for male fertility in addition to female fertility within the US dairy industry. While the rate of use of artificial insemination is much lower within the US beef industry, the adoption of sexed semen in the dairy industry has allowed dairy herds to select cows from which heifer replacements are produced and cows that are used to produce terminal crossbred bull calves sired by beef breed bulls. Capture of sire conception rate phenotypes in dairy herds utilizing sexed semen will contribute data enabling genomic selection for male fertility in beef cattle breeds. As the commercial sector of the beef industry increasingly adopts fixed-time artificial insemination, sire conception rate phenotypes can be captured to facilitate the development of estimates of genetic merit for male fertility within US beef breeds.
Complex Star Architectures of Well-Defined Polyethylene-Based Co/Terpolymers (2020)

Well-defined polyethylene (PE)-based 3-miktoarm star copolymers (PI)2PE-OH, PI2(PI′-b-PE)-OH and terpolymer PI2(PS-b-PE)-OH (PI: polyisoprene, PS: polystyrene), bearing a functional group (−OH) at the PE chain end, were synthesized by combining anionic polymerization, polyhomologation, and linking reaction with a “bridge” molecule, BF3OEt2. 4-(Dichloromethylsilyl)diphenylethylene was first synthesized and linked with anionically prepared linear PI, through titration, to afford the “living” star precursors. Subsequently, boron-linked macroinitiators were synthesized through linking reaction with BF3OEt2 for the polyhomologation of dimethylsulfoxonium methylide to produce novel PE-based miktoarm star polymers. All intermediates and final products were characterized by high-temperature size exclusion chromatography, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The microdomain morphologies of the samples were elucidated by transmission electron microscopy imaging of microtomed sections as well as small-angle and wide-angle X-ray scattering as a function of the sample temperature. Depending on the relative degree of segregation (varying with the block molecular weight and the interaction parameter between blocks) versus the crystallization temperature of the PE block, both crystallization-driven microphase separation and segregation-driven order–disorder microphase separation can take place, resulting in various domain morphologies.
FEM simulation for artificial generation of SEM pictures (2019)

Nowadays, the accuracy of the metrology is becoming more and more a critical issue for microelectronic manufacturing as new technology nodes necessitate more and more rigorous process control. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) is the equipment most typically used to measure pattern dimensions. The aim of this study is to model and simulate a synthetic SEM image. This is fulfilled by taking into account the physical phenomena that take place in the sample during the scanning of the electron beam. The considered phenomena are the kinetics of the drift and the diffusion of the charges during the scanning and the secondary electrons emission from the sample into the vacuum. A system of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) is obtained which defines a system that will be solved using the Finite Element Method. The escaping of the secondary electrons is modeled by applying a Robin boundary condition on the top surface of the sample. By computing the secondary electron emission that originates from the sample during the beam scan, a synthetic SEM image is created.
Bi1–xSbx Alloy Nanocrystals: Colloidal Synthesis, Charge Transport, and Thermoelectric Properties (2013)

Nanostructured Bi1-xSbx alloys constitute a convenient system to study charge transport in a nanostructured narrow-gap semiconductor with promising thermoelectric properties. In this work, we developed the colloidal synthesis of monodisperse sub-10 nm Bi1-xSbx alloy nanocrystals (NCs) with controllable size and compositions. The surface chemistry of Bi1-xSbx NCs was tailored with inorganic ligands to improve the interparticle charge transport as well as to control the carrier concentration. Temperature-dependent (10-300 K) electrical measurements were performed on the Bi1-xSbx NC based pellets to investigate the effect of surface chemistry and grain size (∼10-40 nm) on their charge transport properties. The Hall effect measurements revealed that the temperature dependence of carrier mobility and concentration strongly depended on the grain size and the surface chemistry, which was different from the reported bulk behavior. At low temperatures, electron mobility in nanostructured Bi1-xSbx was directly proportional to the average grain size, while the concentration of free carriers was inversely proportional to the grain size. We propose a model explaining such behavior. Preliminary measurements of thermoelectric properties showed a ZT value comparable to those of bulk Bi1-xSbx alloys at 300 K, suggesting a potential of Bi1-xSbx NCs for low-temperature thermoelectric applications.
[Lingual appliances. 3]. (1990)

We have introduced the set-up methodology and the ideal arc setting in our brackets laying studies in order to eliminate the complications connected with the shape of the tongue surface. The teeth have been put in the final position by means of the set-up. So you can always, during the treatment, establish the right connection between the teeth and the composite placed between the bracket base and the tongue surface of the teeth, and choice the right high to avoid teeth brackets and bracket-bracket premature touch.
Vibrational Echo Studies of Myoglobin−CO (1996)

The first picosecond infrared vibrational echo experiments on a protein, myoglobin−CO, are described. These vibrational dephasing experiments examine the influence of protein dynamics on the CO ligand bound to the active site of the protein at physiologically relevant temperatures. The experiments were performed with a mid-IR free electron laser tuned to the CO stretch mode at 1945 cm-1. The vibrational echo results are combined with infrared pump−probe measurements of the CO vibrational lifetime to yield the homogenous pure dephasing, the Fourier transform of the homogeneous line width with the lifetime contribution removed. The measurements were made from 60 to 300 K. The results show that the CO vibrational spectrum is inhomogeneously broadened, even at room temperature. Above the glycerol/water solvent's glass transition temperature, ∼185 K, the temperature dependence can be fit as an activated process with ΔE ≈ 1000 cm-1. Below 185 K, the pure dephasing displays a power law temperature dependence, T1.3. This temperature dependence is reminiscent of that associated with the properties of low-temperature glasses (<5 K) but is observed at much higher temperatures. A two-level system model of protein dynamics is considered. The nature of the temperature dependence and the mechanism of the coupling of the protein fluctuations to the CO vibrational transition energy are discussed.
Fiber orientation of the transverse carpal ligament (2011)

The transverse carpal ligament is the volar roof of the carpal tunnel. Gross observation shows that the ligament appears to have fibers that roughly orient in the transverse direction. A closer anatomical examination shows that the ligament also has oblique fibers. Knowledge of the fiber orientation of the transverse carpal ligament is valuable for further understanding the ligament's role in regulating the structural function of the carpal tunnel. The purpose of this study is to quantify collagen fiber orientation within the transverse carpal ligament using the small angle light scattering technique. Eight transverse carpal ligament samples from cadaver hands were used in this study. Individual 20-μm sections were cut evenly along the thickness of the transverse carpal ligament. Sections of three thickness levels (25%, 50%, and 75% from the volar surface) were collected for each transverse carpal ligament. Fibers were grouped in the following orientation ranges: transverse, longitudinal, oblique in the pisiform-trapezium (PT), and oblique in the scaphoid-hamate (SH) directions. In analyzing the fiber percentages, the orientation types for the different thickness levels of the ligament showed that the transverse fibers were the most prominent (>60.7%) followed by the PT oblique (18.6%), SH oblique (13.0%), and longitudinal (8.6%) fibers.
On the next generation bandwidth variable transponders for future flexible optical systems (2014)

Elastic optical networks represent one of the most promising candidates for the imminent upgrade of current fixed-grid based optical systems. This novel architecture based on high efficient spectrum allocation (i.e. higher capacity), is necessary to cope with foreseen future exponential increase of Internet traffic. This work discusses the influence of hardware components on the transmission performance of recently proposed bandwidth variable transponders employing digital signal processing algorithms. Both are key elements for the realization of future elastic optical networks, and only their successful interplay with coherent detection can enable the transmission of different modulation formats at variable symbol and data-rates over flexible links. We evaluate the performance of such transponders when different modulation schemes are generated employing ideal and realistic values for some key hardware components. Finally, we briefly present a couple of examples of mitigation techniques: namely digital pre-distortion and digital back-propagation.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Cyclopentenones from Cyclopropanes and Silyl Ynol Ethers. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Exome sequencing identifies rare damaging variants in ATP8B4 and ABCA1 as novel risk factors for Alzheimer’s Disease (2020)

The genetic component of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been mainly assessed using Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS), which do not capture the risk contributed by rare variants. Here, we compared the gene-based burden of rare damaging variants in exome sequencing data from 32,558 individuals —16,036 AD cases and 16,522 controls— in a two-stage analysis. Next to known genes TREM2, SORL1 and ABCA7 , we observed a significant association of rare, predicted damaging variants in ATP8B4 and ABCA1 with AD risk, and a suggestive signal in ADAM10 . Next to these genes, the rare variant burden in RIN3, CLU, ZCWPW1 and ACE highlighted these genes as potential driver genes in AD-GWAS loci. Rare damaging variants in these genes, and in particular loss-of-function variants, have a large effect on AD-risk, and they are enriched in early onset AD cases. The newly identified AD-associated genes provide additional evidence for a major role for APP-processing, Aβ-aggregation, lipid metabolism and microglial function in AD.
Convex Optimization-Based Beamforming (2010)

In this article, an overview of advanced convex optimization approaches to -multisensor beamforming is presented, and connections are drawn between different types of optimization-based beamformers that apply to a broad class of receive, transmit, and network beamformer design problems. It is demonstrated that convex optimization provides an indispensable set of tools for beamforming, enabling rigorous formulation and effective solution of both long-standing and emerging design problems.
免疫抑制剤FK506(tacrolimus)の末梢神経再生促進作用について (1998)

Manganese-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MEMRI), (1)H and (13)C High-Resolution-Magic Angle Spinning (HR-MAS) Spectroscopy, and genomic approaches were used to compare cerebral activation and neuronal and glial oxidative metabolism in ad libitum fed C57BL6/J leptin-deficient, genetically obese ob/ob mice. T(1)-weighted Magnetic Resonance Images across the hypothalamic Arcuate and the Ventromedial nuclei were acquired kinetically after manganese infusion. Neuroglial compartmentation was investigated in hypothalamic biopsies after intraperitoneal injections of [1-(13)C]glucose or [2-(13)C]acetate. Total RNA was extracted to determine the effects of leptin deficiency in the expression of representative genes coding for regulatory enzymes of hypothalamic energy pathways and glutamatergic neurotransmission. Manganese-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging revealed enhanced cerebral activation in the hypothalamic Arcuate and Ventromedial nuclei of the ob/ob mice. (13)C HR-MAS analysis showed increased (13)C accumulation in the hypothalamic glutamate and glutamine carbons of ob/ob mice after the administration of [1-(13)C]glucose, a primarily neuronal substrate. Hypothalamic expression of the genes coding for glucokinase, phosphofructokinase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, and glutamine synthase was not significantly altered while pyruvate kinase expression was slightly upregulated. In conclusion, leptin deficiency associated with obesity led to increased cerebral activation in the hypothalamic Arcuate and Ventromedial nuclei, concomitant with significant increases in neuronal oxidative metabolism and glutamatergic neurotransmission.
MEDLEY: Intent-based Recommendations to Support Dashboard Composition (2022)

Despite the ever-growing popularity of dashboards across a wide range of domains, their authoring still remains a tedious and complex process. Current tools offer considerable support for creating individual visualizations but provide limited support for discovering groups of visualizations that can be collectively useful for composing analytic dashboards. To address this problem, we present MEDLEY, a mixed-initiative interface that assists in dashboard composition by recommending dashboard collections (i.e., a logically grouped set of views and filtering widgets) that map to specific analytical intents. Users can specify dashboard intents (namely, measure analysis, change analysis, category analysis, or distribution analysis) explicitly through an input panel in the interface or implicitly by selecting data attributes and views of interest. The system recommends collections based on these analytic intents, and views and widgets can be selected to compose a variety of dashboards. MEDLEY also provides a lightweight direct manipulation interface to configure interactions between views in a dashboard. Based on a study with 13 participants performing both targeted and open-ended tasks, we discuss how MEDLEY's recommendations guide dashboard composition and facilitate different user workflows. Observations from the study identify potential directions for future work, including combining manual view specification with dashboard recommendations and designing natural language interfaces for dashboard authoring.
Poor Correlation Between Pulmonary Arterial Wedge Pressure and Left Ventricular End-diastolic Volume after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery (1986)

The authors studied 12 surgical patients in the intensive care unit post coronary artery bypass graft surgery and ten nonsurgical patients in the coronary care unit with chronic heart failure to determine the usefulness of the pulmonary arterial wedge pressure as an indicator of left ventricular preload. Left ventricular end diastolic volume was derived from concomitant determination of ejection fraction (gated blood pool scintigraphy) and stroke volume (determined from thermodilution cardiac output). In the nonsurgical patients, there was a significant correlation between changes in pulmonary arterial wedge pressure and left ventricular end-diastolic volume (P less than 0.05, r = 0.57). In the 12 patients studied during the first few hours after surgery, there was a poor correlation between changes in pulmonary wedge pressure (range = 4-32 mmHg) and left ventricular end-diastolic volume (range = 25-119 ml/m2), and a poor correlation between pulmonary arterial wedge pressures and stroke work index. In contrast, there was a good correlation between left ventricular end-diastolic volume and stroke work index. The poor correlation between the pulmonary arterial wedge pressure and left ventricular end-diastolic volume was not explained by changes in systemic or pulmonary vascular resistance. The altered ventricular pressure-volume relationship may reflect acute changes in ventricular compliance in the first few hours following coronary artery bypass graft surgery. While measurement of pulmonary arterial wedge pressure remains valuable in clinical management to avoid pulmonary edema, it cannot reliably be used as an index of left ventricular preload while attempting to optimize stroke volume in patients immediately following coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of α‐Amino Oximes and Bis‐α‐amino Oximes from the Monoterpene Hydrocarbons 3‐Carene and α‐Pinene and α,ω‐Diamines. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Wp‡yw meloksykamu na nieswoiste komÛrkowe i humoralne mechanizmy obronne u byd‡a w fazie lutealnej cyklu rujowego (2011)

SummaryThe aim of the study was to determine the influence of meloxicam on selected nonspecific cellular andhumoral defense parameters in cattle. Ten heifers were divided into two groups: animals in the experimentalgroup (n = 5) were injected with meloxicam on days 3 and 5 of the estrous cycle, whereas control animals(n = 5) were treated with 0.9% sodium chloride at the same time points. Blood was collected immediatelybefore drug administration and on days 5, 10 and 15 afterwards. Moreover, blood samples were taken beforedinoprost administration and on days 3, 5, 8, 13 and 18 of the estrous cycle to determine plasma progesteroneconcentrations. Cellular immunity was examined by studying the respiratory burst activity, potential killingactivity and the proliferative response of lymphocytes stimulated by mitogen. The humoral immunity wasevaluated by determining the activity of lysozyme and ceruloplasmin, as well as the levels of gamma-globulinsand total protein. The level of progesterone was estimated by the radioimmunological method. Meloxicamhad no effect on progesterone production. On day 18 of the estrous cycle, a statistically significant (P < 0.001)increase in ceruloplasmin activity was found in the experimental group. Furthermore, the serum level ofgamma-globulins in animals treated with meloxicam decreased significantly (P < 0.05 Œ P < 0.001) with time.The administration of meloxicam did not influence the activity of lysozyme, the total protein level, or any ofthe cellular immunity parameters examined. The results indicate that the use of meloxicam during the earlyluteal phase of the estrous cycle has only a minor effect on cellular and humoral defense mechanisms in cattle.Keywords: meloxicam, cellural and humoral response, cattle
A Compact Physical Model for Critical Quantum Mechanical Effects in Bulk MOSFETs (2005)

In this paper, a compact physical model is developed to incorporate the critical quantum mechanical effects (QME) in bulk MOSFETs. This new model gives close agreement with the numerical simulation down to 20 nm effective channel length. For the 20 nm channel length MOSFET with the gate dielectric equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) of 0.5 nm, QME lead to the increase of subthreshold swing ( S ) from 74 mV/decade to 105 mV/decade. The scaling limit of bulk MOSFETs is then discussed based on two considerations: short-channel effects (SCE) controllability and power consumption constraint for tunneling current. For 30 nm channel length MOSFETs with tolerable SCE and tunneling current density, the appropriate range of EOT for SiO2 is only 0.1 nm and less than the thickness of one atom layer of SiO2. This indicates high dielectric constant (N ) gate material should be applied to extend the scaling of bulk MOSFETs for the 30 nm technology generation and beyond.
Magnolia extract is effective for the chemoprevention of oral cancer through its ability to inhibit mitochondrial respiration at complex I (2020)

Our data using highly relevant preclinical oral cancer models, which share histopathological features seen in human oral carcinogenesis, suggest a novel signaling and regulatory role for mitochondria-generated superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in suppressing oral cancer cell proliferation, progression, and metastasis. Video abstract.
Atomic Layer Deposition of Platinum for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (2007)

We are exploring atomic layer deposition (ALD) for depositing components of a solid oxide fuel cell, including the current collector and catalyst. Using (methylcyclopentadienyl) trimethylplatinum (MeCpPtMe3) and oxygen precursors, Pt has been deposited by ALD on the surfaces of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), a solid oxide electrolyte, as well as on oxide- covered silicon. The film, as measured by ex situ analysis, is of high purity and low resistivity. We have also investigated the use of area selective ALD to deposit patterned Pt. By coating these same substrates with octadecyltrichlorosilane (ODTS) self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), Pt ALD can be successfully blocked by the SAM resist. The ODTS SAMs are also transferred to the substrates by microcontact printing (uCP), and we show that platinum thin films are grown selectively on the SAM-free surface regions. Features with sizes as small as 2 um have been deposited by this combined ALD-uCP method.