gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of surface properties and polymer chain length on polymer adsorption in solution (2021)

In polymer nanoparticle composites (PNCs) with attractive interactions between nanoparticles (NPs) and polymers, a bound layer of the polymer forms on the NP surface, with significant effects on the macroscopic properties of the PNCs. The adsorption and wetting behaviors of polymer solutions in the presence of a solid surface are critical to the fabrication process of PNCs. In this study, we use both classical density functional theory (cDFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to study dilute and semi-dilute solutions of short polymer chains near a solid surface. Using cDFT, we calculate the equilibrium properties of polymer solutions near a flat surface while varying the solvent quality, surface-fluid interactions, and the polymer chain lengths to investigate their effects on the polymer adsorption and wetting transitions. Using MD simulations, we simulate polymer solutions near solid surfaces with three different curvatures (a flat surface and NPs with two radii) to study the static conformation of the polymer bound layer near the surface and the dynamic chain adsorption process. We find that the bulk polymer concentration at which the wetting transition in the poor solvent system occurs is not affected by the difference in surface-fluid interactions; however, a threshold value of surface-fluid interaction is needed to observe the wetting transition. We also find that with good solvent, increasing the chain length or the difference in the surface-polymer interaction relative to the surface-solvent interaction increases the surface coverage of polymer segments and independent chains for all surface curvatures. Finally, we demonstrate that the polymer segmental adsorption times are heavily influenced only by the surface-fluid interactions, although polymers desorb more quickly from highly curved surfaces.
Chiral Polymer Materials: Asymmetric Cyclopolymerization of a Divinyl Functional Monomer Using Protective Group Chemistry (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChiral Polymer Materials: Asymmetric Cyclopolymerization of a Divinyl Functional Monomer Using Protective Group ChemistryDe Binod B., Swaminathan Sivaram, and Pradeep K. DhalCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 10, 3733–3735Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00114a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00114a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views135Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Recruitment and activation of dendritic cells by innate immune stimulators. (2009)

[In Press]
Energy harvesting with stacked dielectric elastomer transducers: Nonlinear theory, optimization, and linearized scaling law (2014)

Using principles of damped harmonic oscillation with continuous media, we examine electrostatic energy harvesting with a “soft-matter” array of dielectric elastomer (DE) transducers. The array is composed of infinitely thin and deformable electrodes separated by layers of insulating elastomer. During vibration, it deforms longitudinally, resulting in a change in the capacitance and electrical enthalpy of the charged electrodes. Depending on the phase of electrostatic loading, the DE array can function as either an actuator that amplifies small vibrations or a generator that converts these external excitations into electrical power. Both cases are addressed with a comprehensive theory that accounts for the influence of viscoelasticity, dielectric breakdown, and electromechanical coupling induced by Maxwell stress. In the case of a linearized Kelvin-Voigt model of the dielectric, we obtain a closed-form estimate for the electrical power output and a scaling law for DE generator design. For the complete nonlinear model, we obtain the optimal electrostatic voltage input for maximum electrical power output.
Design Of An Axial Claw Pole Motor Using A Scalar Magnetic Potential Formulation Fine Tuned Thanks To A Vector Potential One (2020)

International audience
Effects of stage of lactation and time of year on plasmin-derived proteolytic activity in bovine milk in New Zealand (2002)

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of stage of lactation (SOL) and time of year on plasmin-derived proteolytic activity in the milk of pasture-fed dairy cows in New Zealand. Four herds of 20 Friesian cows were used, one herd calving in each of January, April, July and October. Cows grazed ryegrass/white clover pasture only, except during June (winter) when all cows received supplementary pasture silage. Milk samples were collected on four occasions during the year (spring, summer, autumn and winter) from each cow in milk, to give a total of three samples per cow (early, mid and late lactation; c. 30, 120 and 220 days after calving, respectively). Milk samples were analysed for plasmin-derived proteolytic activity. There was no effect of either SOL or time of year on plasmin activity and therefore yields of plasmin followed patterns in milk yield (highest in early lactation and in summer). There were effects of both SOL and time of year on plasminogen-derived and total plasmin plus plasminogen-derived activity, both of which were highest in late lactation and in spring. Changes in plasminogen-derived activity and total plasmin plus plasminogen-derived activity due to SOL were not only due to the decrease in milk yield associated with advancing lactation, because enzyme yields were also increased with advancing lactation. Similarly, effects of time of year on plasminogen-derived activity and total plasmin plus plasminogen-derived activity could not be attributed solely to concomitant changes in milk yield, and may be influenced by the variation in the quality and quantity of feed during the year inherent in a pasture-based dairy system. Effects of SOL on proteolytic activity were greater than, and independent of, effects of time of year.
Granulomas in Sympathetic Ophthalmia and Sarcoidosis (1985)

Monoclonal antibodies were used to identify cells that form choroidal granulomas and Dalen-Fuchs nodules in sympathetic ophthalmia as well as the granulomas of sarcoid. Immunohistochemical analysis of frozen sections of fresh human tissues obtained after enucleation (sympathetic ophthalmia) and lung biopsy (sarcoid) was performed by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. The majority of the inflammatory cells within these lesions were identical and were composed mainly of cells originating from bone marrow-derived monocytes (reticuloendothelial system) probably representing immunologically stimulated granulomas. This study suggests possible immune phenomena that may take part in the pathogenesis of sympathetic ophthalmia and provides some insights into the possible mechanism of formation of choroidal granulomas and Dalen-Fuchs nodules in this disease.
Observation of Quantum Diffractive Velocity-Changing Collisions by Use of Two-Level Heavy Optical Radiators (1983)

Coherence-preserving collisions for optical radiator-perturber scattering are studied by means of a velocity-selective photon-echo technique, using ytterbium atoms as heavy, long-lived, two-level radiators. These experiments establish the quantum diffractive nature of the radiator velocity change by demonstrating quantitative agreement with calculations. Radiator-destruction cross sections obtained with use of both Lamb dip and echo techniques agree to within 10%.
Smad3-Smad4 and AP-1 Complexes Synergize in Transcriptional Activation of the c-Jun Promoter by Transforming Growth Factor β (1999)

Transcriptional regulation by transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) is a complex process which is likely to involve cross talk between different DNA responsive elements and transcription factors to achieve maximal promoter activation and specificity. Here, we describe a concurrent requirement for two discrete responsive elements in the regulation of the c-Jun promoter, one a binding site for a Smad3-Smad4 complex and the other an AP-1 binding site. The two elements are located 120 bp apart in the proximal c-Jun promoter, and each was able to independently bind its corresponding transcription factor complex. The effects of independently mutating each of these elements were nonadditive; disruption of either sequence resulted in complete or severe reductions in TGF-beta responsiveness. This simultaneous requirement for two distinct and independent DNA binding elements suggests that Smad and AP-1 complexes function synergistically to mediate TGF-beta-induced transcriptional activation of the c-Jun promoter.
A Thermodynamical Study of the Growth Rate of Epitaxial Silicon from SiI4 (1965)

Epitaxial layers of silicon have been grown on silicon substrates by the hydrogen reduction of SiI 4 . The deposition rate was studied as functions of the composition of the SiI 4 -H 2 mixture, the reaction temperature, and the flow rate of the mixture. A theoretical expression for the deposition rate has been developed based on a thermodynamical consideration. Only two reactions, SiI 4 +2H 2 =Si+4HI and SiI 4 +Si=2SiI 2 were taken into account. The experimental results are well explained by this theory.
FIBER BUNDLE VOLUME (FBV) (2003)

Background: On-line measurement of FBV can be used for identification of clotting in the dialyzer. The saline method is based on determination of time to pass dialyzer. The UF on/off step method is based upon the recording of the time for the blood compartments to fill/clear with different density blood. The purpose of the study was to compare two methods. Methods: FBV measurements were performed during 55 sessions in 43 patients by the HD01 monitor (Transonic Systems, Inc.). One sensor was placed just before the dialyzer and another just after the dialyzer. For bolus injections (FBVinj), saline was released from the bag for 1-2 seconds. For the UF method, ultrafiltration rate (Qf) was minimized for 2 min (FBV off) and then turned on (FBVon). Results: The 15 ml difference between two FBV, see Table, is due to inclusion of the volume of the dialyzer caps and fibers that is encased in potting material (estimated 13 ml) by the injection method but is not involved with the UF method. After adjusting for the offset the difference between the 2 methods was less then 5% for 40% of the measurements and less then 15% for 75% of the measurements. The dispersion (SD) for the UF method is higher than for FBVinj due to the longer time of measurement.TableConclusion: The UF step method results are in good agreement with FBV measured by injection of saline. Additional software adjustments to account for baseline fluctuations may increase the reliability of the UF step method
Synthesis, Molecular Docking and Preliminary Antileukemic Activity of 4‐Methoxybenzyl Derivatives Bearing Imidazo[2,1‐b][1,3,4]thiadiazole (2020)

In this study, we synthesized 22 compounds in a series with various substitution on imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole. The potential cytotoxic activity of these compounds investigated in leukemia cell lines by Differential Nuclear Staining (DNS). Our results identified two compounds, 2-(4-methoxybenzyl)-6-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazol-5-yl thiocyanate and 6-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-methoxybenzyl)imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole-5-carbaldehyde, exhibited the most cytotoxic effect against murine leukemia cells (L1210), human T-lymphocyte cells (CEM) and human cervix carcinoma cells (HeLa) with IC<sub>50</sub> values ranging between 0.79 and 1.6 μM. The results indicate that 2-(4-methoxybenzyl)-6-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazol-5-yl thiocyanate is inducing phosphatidylserine externalization and caspase-3 activation which are both a hallmark of apoptosis. Docking studies showed that 2-(4-methoxybenzyl)-6-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazol-5-yl thiocyanate binds within the active sites of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) type I receptor kinase domain by strong hydrogen binding and hydrophobic interactions.
Toward personalized treatment in Waldenström macroglobulinemia (2017)

Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare lymphoma with 1000 to 1500 new patients diagnosed per year in the United States. Patients with WM can experience prolonged survival times, which seem to have increased in the last decade, but relapse is inevitable. The identification of recurrent mutations in the MYD88 and CXCR4 genes has opened avenues of research to better understand and treat patients with WM. These developments are giving way to personalized treatment approaches for these patients, focusing on increasing depth and duration of response alongside lower toxicity rates. In the present document, we review the diagnostic differential, the clinical manifestations, and the pathological and genomic features of patients with WM. We also discuss the safety and efficacy data of alkylating agents, proteasome inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, and Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with WM. Finally, we propose a genomically driven algorithm for the treatment of WM. The future of therapies for WM appears bright and hopeful, but we should be mindful of the cost-effectiveness and long-term toxicity of novel agents.
GTC/CanariCam Deep Mid-infrared Imaging Survey of Northern Stars within 5 pc (2021)

Abstract In this work we present the results of a direct imaging survey for brown dwarf companions around the nearest stars at the mid-infrared 10 micron range ( λ c = 8.7 μ m, Δ λ = 1.1 μ m) using the CanariCam instrument on the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC). We imaged the 25 nearest stellar systems within 5 pc of the Sun at declinations δ &gt; −25° (at least half have planets from radial-velocity studies), reaching a mean detection limit of 11.3 ± 0.2 mag (1.5 mJy) in the Si-2 8.7 μ m band over a range of angular separations from 1″ to 10″. This would have allowed us to uncover substellar companions at projected orbital separations between ∼2 and 50 au, with effective temperatures down to 600 K and masses greater than 30 M Jup assuming an average age of 5 Gyr and masses down to the deuterium-burning mass limit for objects with ages &lt;1 Gyr. From the nondetection of such companions, we determined upper limits on their occurrence rate at depths and orbital separations yet unexplored by deep imaging programs. For the M dwarfs, the main component of our sample, we found with a 90% confidence level that fewer than 20% of these low-mass stars have L- and T-type brown dwarf companions with m ≳ 30 M Jup and T eff ≳ 600 K at ∼3.5–35 au projected orbital separations.
Reply to the “Comment on the publication ‘Ferroelectricity-free lead halide perovskites’ by Gomez et al.” by Colsmann et al. (2020)

Lead halide perovskites are ferroelectricity-free, whereas domains observed in PFM measurements are likely due to twinning driven by strain compensation.
Structure, Morphology, and Bioactivity of Biocompatible Systems Derived from Functionalized Acrylic Polymers Based on 5-Amino-2-naphthalene Sulfonic Acid (2010)

New therapeutic strategies for the treatment of neoplastic pathologies and, in particular, metastasis processes are based on the inhibitory effect of angiogenic processes. The present article deals with the design, preparation, and application of new "polymer drugs" with a clear inhibitory effect of the activation of fibroblast growth factors, which plays an important role in the proliferation of vascular cells and, consequently, in tumor angiogenesis. Two different copolymer systems based on 5-methacrylamide-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid (MANSA) and butylacrylate (BA) or vinylpyrrolidone (VP) were prepared by free radical copolymerization and exhaustively characterized. The molecular weight of the copolymers was moderate but both families presented very homogeneous macromolecular populations with a polydispersity index very close to unity, which indicates that MANSA presents a noticeable effect on the polymerization processes. The system poly(BA-co-MANSA) provides amphiphilic copolymers that give rise to the formation of oriented micelles with a core of the hydrophobic BA segments and a shell of MANSA components. The average size of these self-assembling nanoparticles is between 20 and 100 nm, depending on the composition of the copolymer system. However, poly(VP-co-MANSA) systems are more hydrophilic and give more homogeneous and water-soluble macromolecules. The bioactivity of both systems was studied by the analysis of proliferation of Balb/c 3T3 fibroblasts in the presence of acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) as a function of the concentration of poly(BA-co-MANSA) or poly(VP-co-MANSA), and the results obtained demonstrated that the MANSA-containing polymers were not toxic for cells, but induced a clear inhibition of cell proliferation in the presence of aFGF. The effect was polymer-concentration dependent, but the activity was noticeably higher for poly(BA-co-MANSA) copolymers, owing to the self-assembled micellar morphology of the nanoparticles, which placed the sulfonic groups in the more adequate position to interact with the growth factor. These systems offer a good alternative for low toxicity treatments of angiogenic, processed based on inhibition of the activity of growth factors.
Development of Enhanced Deammonification Selector (2010)

Development of Enhanced Deammonification SelectorDeammonification (i.e. combined partial nitritation and anaerobic ammonia oxidation) is known as an efficient and resource saving sidestream process option to remove high strength nitrogen load from sludge dewatering liquors. The process uses less energy, 1.2 kWh/kg N removed versus 5-6kWh/kg N removed for conventional nitrification/denitrification in the mainstream and requires no carbon dosage....Author(s)B. WettG. NyhuisI. TakácsS. MurthySourceProceedings of the Water Environment FederationSubjectSession 82: Side Stream Nutrient ControlDocument typeConference PaperPublisherWater Environment FederationPrint publication date Jan, 2010ISSN1938-6478SICI1938-6478(20100101)2010:10L.5917;1-DOI10.2175/193864710798194139Volume / Issue2010 / 10Content sourceWEFTECFirst / last page(s)5917 - 5926Copyright2010Word count119Subject keywordsDeammonificationsidestream treatmentammoniaDEMONanammoxcyclone
High resolution 20 GHz wideband delay generator (2004)

A digitally-programmable method for linearly controlling signal delay over a wide frequency and delay range has been developed. Circuits were fabricated in the HRL&apos;s G2+ InP HBT technology. Test results at 20 GHz confirm simulation results, showing a 5 ps range in delay, ramped in 16 steps to provide a 0.3 ps resolution step. Larger delay ranges are possible by combining several of the delay cells in series.
Multi-Objective Optimization of Large Pipeline Networks Using Genetic Algorithm (2004)

This paper presents application of Genetic Algorithm (GA) methodologies to multi-objective optimization of two complex gas pipeline networks to achieve specific operational objectives. The first network contains 10 compressor stations resulting in 20 decision variables and an optimization space of 6.3 × 1029 cases. The second system contains 25 compressor stations resulting in 54 decision variables and an optimization space of 1.85 × 1078 cases. Compressor stations generally included multiple unit sites, where the compressor characteristics of each unit is taken into account constraining the solution by the surge and stonewall limits, maximum and minimum speeds and maximum power available. A key challenge to the optimization of such large systems is the number of constraints and associated penalty functions, selection of the GA operators such as crossover, mutation, selection criteria and elitism, as well as the population size and number of generations. The paper discusses the approach taken to arrive at optimal values for these parameters for large gas pipeline networks. Examples for two-objective optimizations, referred to as Pareto fronts, include maximum throughput and minimum fuel, as well as, minimum linepack and maximum throughput in typical linepack/throughput/fuel envelopes.
Video Microscopy: The Fundamentals (1986)

Why Video? Microscope Image Formation. Practical Aspects of Microscopy. Physiological Characteristics of the Eye. Video Signal Fundamentals. Detection of Light and Vidicon Tube Cameras-Monochrome. Solid State Detectors and Cameras. Low-Light-Level Cameras. Color Video Signal and Color Cameras. Video Monitors, Projectors and Printers. Video Recorders. Digital Image Procesing. System Integration. Glossary of Terms. List of Manufacturers. Index.
Fiber plant manager: an OTDR- and OTM-based PON monitoring system (2013)

Wider deployment of fiber in the last mile is driven by increased customer needs for high capacity communication. This deployment requires solutions that reduce the operators' OPEX. A cost-efficient fully reliable and accurate monitoring solution supporting fault detection, identification, and localization in different fiber access topologies will be a key part of such solutions. In this article, we discuss practical requirements for a successful PON monitoring technique followed by an overview of published proposals. We also present a method to monitor power-splitter- and wavelength-splitter-based PON, through combined techniques of OTDR and OTM. The method is non-invasive to data traffic flow and requires no additional functionality (hardware or software) at the ONT side. The description of the overall architecture and components is followed by measurement results.
Alec T. Stewart (1925-2014) and Positronium (2015)

In this article I highlight the positronium-related work of the late Alec Stewart whose valuable contributions helped to establish the field of positron annihilation studies.
DEVELOPMENT OF A LUNAR ASTRONAUT SPATIAL ORIENTATION AND INFORMATION SYSTEM R. Li (2010)

SYSTEM R. Li, S. He, P. Tang, B. Skopljak, A. Yilmaz, J. Jiang, M. S. Banks, C. Oman. Mapping and GIS Laboratory, CEEGS, The Ohio State University, 470 Hitchcock Hall, 2070 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 432101275, li.282@osu.edu; Photogrammetric Computer Vision Laboratory, CEEGS, The Ohio State University; Visual Space Perception Laboratory, University of California Berkeley; Man Vehicle Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Supplementary Table S1 from Identification and Validation of Colorectal Neoplasia–Specific Methylation Markers for Accurate Classification of Disease (2023)

Supplementary Table S1 from Identification and Validation of Colorectal Neoplasia–Specific Methylation Markers for Accurate Classification of Disease
Regulation von Lebertransportproteinen der Ratte bei Gallensäure-induzierter Cholestase: Einfluss von Ursodeoxycholat (2015)

Die basolaterale Aufnahme von organischen Anionen in die Leber wird durch Transportproteine der Oatp-Familie vermittelt. In der Rattenleber werden die basolateralen Transportproteine Oatp1 (Slc21a1), Oatp2 (Slc21a5) und Oatp4 (Slca10) exprimiert und unter pathophysiologischen Bedingungen (z.B. Cholestase) unterschiedlich reguliert. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, den Einfluss von Cholat (CA) und Ursodeoxycholat (UDCA) auf die Expression von Oatp4 im Vergleich zu Ntcp, Oatp1 und Oatp2 zu untersuchen.