gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Novel Naming Scheme for System-on-a-Chips Supporting Dynamic Resource Management (2008)

The problem of naming has been extensively studied in the field of distributed systems. However, multi-processor system-on-a-chips (MPSoCs), which are becoming more and more important in the construction of complex embedded systems, exhibit unique challenges with respect to naming. These challenges are induced by the need for dynamic resource management, independent development of IP cores and application subsystems, complexity management during system integration, and support for heterogeneous application domains. The solution proposed for naming in this paper is part of the time-triggered system-on-a-chip (TTSoC) architecture, which is a novel system architecture for MPSoCs. In particular, the developed naming scheme supports the integration of large embedded systems comprising multiple application subsystems (e.g., multimedia, comfort, powertrain in a car), each with its own dedicated domain-specific namespace. Furthermore, the TTSoC architecture provides gateways to support the construction of clusters of multiple SoCs, which creates the need for a naming scheme that establishes a uniform namespace across systems of systems.
Radiometric calibration of Landsat Thematic Mapper (1988)

Absolute calibration of satellite-acquired data is essential for quantification of scientific studies and a variety of image- processing applications. This paper describes a multiyear, on-orbit radiometric calibration of the Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM). Primary emphasis was placed on TM band 6 (thermal) calibration, but selected reflectance-band calibration measurements were also made. Twenty-five Landsat TM coverages were acquired, and included day, night, and seasonal scenes at several geographical locations. Concurrent with Landsat overpasses, thermal and reflectance field and local meteorological (surface and radiosonde) measurements were collected. At-satellite (uncorrected) radiances and temperatures for water and non-water land cover were compared to ground truth (GT) measurements after making adjustments for atmospheric (using LOWTRAN), mixed-pixel, and emissivity effects. Results indicate that for well-characterized water features, TM band 6 average corrected temperature determinations using local radiosonde data for atmospheric adjustments are within less than or equal to0.6/degree/C of GT temperature determinations. For non-water features, TM band 6 derived temperatures are within 1/degree/C of GT temperature determinations, if appropriate emissivity adjustments are made. Corrections using non-local radiosonde data resulted in errors as large as 12/degree/C. Corrections using the US Standard atmosphere gave temperature values within 1 to 2/degree/C of GT. The average uncertainty for field instrumentsmore » was +-0.2/degree/C; average uncertainty for Landsat TM corrected temperature determinations was +-0.4/degree/C. A cross-calibration of TM band 6 and the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) for a Landsat overpass gave similar temperature results. 15 refs., 3 figs., 5 tabs.« less
Design methodologies for robust nano-positioning (2005)

In this paper, we present a systematic control design and analysis for a two-dimensional nano-positioner. The primary emphasis of the paper is on the robustness of the closed-loop device as these flexure-stage-based, piezoactuated nano-positioners are nonlinear and operate in diverse conditions. To this end, we have used many tools from modern control theory to model devices and to quantify device resolution, bandwidth, and robustness. The implementation of this procedure for the simultaneous achievement of the objectives of robustness, high precision and high bandwidth is presented. The merits of the paradigm are demonstrated through experimental results.
17O Nmr Spectroscopy of Lactams (1989)

Natural abundance 1 7 0 nmr spectroscopic data for 36 lactams acquired in acetonitrile at 75°C are reported: relationships between 1 7 0 chemical shift and structure are discussed.The chemistry and spectroscopy of the amide functional group has been and continues to b e intensely studied, in large part due to its importance in determining the structure of proteins.Lactams serve as excellent models for peptides and proteins since the possible conformations of the amide functional group are limited by the cyclic structure.Lactams also provide the opportunity to study cis-and trans-amide configurations since small-ring lactams are geometrically forced into a cisconfiguration and large-ring lactams assume the trans configuration of acyclic amides.l.2The number of applications of 1 7 0 nmr spectroscopy to a wide variety of structural questions is growing rapidly.3Recent reports have shown that 1 7 0 chemical shift data correlates well with torsion angles for a wide range of functional groups4-6 including an1ides.7~8In rigid planar amides and imides steric interactions produce large downfield shifts which parallel bond angle deformations and which correlate with local repulsive van der Waals energies.g310Consequently, it appears that 1 7 0 nmr spectroscopy should be a sensitive method for study of structural variations of lactams and it provides a method to directly probe the oxygen atom of the amide functional group.A number of nmr investigations of lactams have appeared including 13C nmr studies,ll-14 15N nmr investigationsll,12 and limited 170 studies of 5-membered ring la~tams.9~12The closely related thiohydantoins have also been studied by 1 7 0 nmr spectroscopy.l5 This communication reports 1 7 0 chemical shift data for 36 lactams ranging in ring size from 4 to 13. Included in this report are data on 12 5-membered ring lactams and 19 6-membered ring lactams which provide some insight into the influence of structure variation on the 1 7 0 chemical
Effects of multilevel security on real-time applications (2002)

This paper presents a brief overview of a notional airborne application scenario that requires both multilevel security and real-time processing. It was used to guide decisions related to formation of the security policy interpretation, the operating system interface, and the system services design for a multilevel secure real-time distributed operating system (MLS RT DOS) called Secure Alpha. We compare secure and nonsecure application designs for the scenario to assess the effects of MLS RT DOS security features on the structure of the application. The comparison reveals that the security features make real-time scheduling and the construction of robust applications more difficult for this scenario.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Hybrid silicon mode-locked laser with improved RF power by impedance matching (2015)

We design and discuss an impedance matching solution for a hybrid silicon mode-locked laser diode (MLLD) to improve peak optical power coming from the device. In order to develop an impedance matching solution, a thorough measurement and analysis of the MLLD as a function of bias on each of the laser segments was carried out. A passive component impedance matching network was designed at the operating frequency of 20 GHz to optimize RF power delivery to the laser. The hybrid silicon laser was packaged together in a module including the impedance matching circuit. The impedance matching design resulted in a 6 dB (electrical) improvement in the detected modulation spectrum power, as well as approximately a 10 dB phase noise improvement, from the MLLD. Also, looking ahead to possible future work, we discuss a Step Recovery Diode (SRD) driven impulse generator, which wave-shapes the RF drive to achieve efficient injection. This novel technique addresses the time varying impedance of the absorber as the optical pulse passes through it, to provide optimum optical pulse shaping.
Ultrafast generation and control of an electron vortex beam via chiral plasmonic near fields (2020)

Imparting orbital angular momentum (OAM) to particle beams opens unique opportunities for applications and exploration of fundamental science. Electron beams carrying OAM are commonly achieved via passive phase masks that imprint a transverse modulation on the particle wave function. Here, we show that a chiral plasmonic near field can be used to generate an OAM-carrying electron beam and dynamically control its vorticity. By monitoring the phase change of the transverse electron wave function in both real space and reciprocal space using ultrafast transmission electron microscopy, we demonstrate that an optically-excited chiral near-field with azimuthal order m = 1 is able to imprint an azimuthally varying 2πℓm phase shift on the electron wave function, where ℓ is the number of exchanged plasmons. In contrast to other passive monolithic methods, our approach enables a dynamic coherent control over the vortex beam properties with attosecond precision. This is achieved by properly modifying the optical field distribution using a sequence of two phase-locked light pulses with independent polarization states and delayed by fractions of their optical cycles. We discuss the potential extension of our method to composite charged particles to yield insights into their inner structure, with particular attention to the proton and the origin of its spin.
High field magnetoresistance peak near the superconductor insulator transition in amorphous Bi films patterned with a nanohoneycomb array of holes (2009)

The spectacular magnetoresistance (MR) peak that appears on the insulating side of the Superconductor-Insulator Transition (SIT) in In Oxide films [1] has received much attention.It has been taken as a sign that Cooper pairs persist into their insulating phase.We have observed a similar MR peak in ultrathin amorphous Bi films patterned with a disordered nanohoneycomb array of holes.This peak increases in magnitude with decreasing thickness and moves to lower field with decreasing temperature.Most importantly, it coexists with MR oscillations at lower fields that reveal the presence of Cooper pairs [2].We will present our latest investigations of this peak and contrast our results with the behavior of unpatterned amorphous film systems.
The mechanism of inhibition of human IL 2 production. (1982)

Abstract The immune response is regulated by the interaction of lymphocytes communicating through the release of soluble mediators, interleukins. Interleukin 2 (IL 2) sustains division of activated lymphocytes with helper and cytolytic functions, and therefore amplifies the effector phase of immunity. The mechanism of IL 2 production by T lymphocytes has been clearly established in mice. It involves a cascade of cellular events, among which the production of lymphocyte-activating factor (LAF, IL 1) by monocytes seems to be an absolute requirement for the differentiation of certain T lymphocytes into IL 2-producing cells. However, in the human a simple depletion of monocytes is known to enhance rather than inhibit IL 2 production by lymphocytes. The experiments here indicate that in the human there is also an absolute need for a minimum number of monocytes (approximatively 1%) in the culture system for IL 2 production by T lymphocytes. Almost complete depletion of adherent monocytes, by adherence to plastic followed by nylon wool filtration and treatment with monoclonal anti HLA-DR antibodies and complement, abrogates IL 2 production by T lymphocytes. The experiments presented here, as well as results from other laboratories, indicate, on the other hand, that in humans inhibition of IL 2 production is also mediated by an excess of monocytes. This inhibition is mediated by soluble products and is blocked by treatment with indomethacin. PGE2 was identified as one of these inhibitory monokines. Lymphoblastoid B cells (Raji, Ramos, and Daudi) were shown to absorb or inactivate PGE2 molecules. A possible mechanism of this inhibition by PGE2 is suggested. Such inhibition was not observed if the T lymphocyte suspension was irradiated (1000 rad) before addition of PGE2 or excess monocytes. These results suggest that activation of a radiosensitive T cell by monokines is required for the inhibition of IL 2 production. A model for the cellular control of human IL 2 production is proposed.
An embedded AER dynamic vision sensor for low-latency pole balancing (2009)

Balancing small objects such as a normal pencil on its tip requires rapid feedback control with latencies on the order of milliseconds. Here we describe how a pair of spike-based silicon retina dynamic vision sensors (DVS) is used to provide fast visual feedback for controlling an actuated table to balance an ordinary pencil on its tip. Two DVSs view the pencil from right angles. Movements of the pencil cause spike address-events (AEs) to be emitted from the DVSs. These AEs are processed by a 32-bit fixed-point ARM7 microcontroller (64 MHz, 200 mW) on the back side of each embedded DVS board (eDVS). Each eDVS updates its estimate of the pencil's location and angle in 2d space for each received spike (typically at a rate of 100 kHz) by applying a continuous tracking method based on spike-driven fitting to a model of the vertical rod-like shape of the pencil. Every 2ms, each eDVS sends the pencil's tracked position to a third ARM7-based controller, which computes pencil location in 3d space and runs a linear PD-controller to adjust X-Y-position and velocity of the table to maintain the pencil balanced upright. The actuated table is built using ordinary high-speed hobby servos. Our system can balance any small, thin object such as a pencil, pen, chop-stick, or rod for minutes, in a wide range of light conditions.
Microbial Oxidation of Naphthalene tocis-1,2-Dihydroxy-1,2-dihydronaphthalene in a Membrane Bioreactor (1996)

A microbial dihydroxylation process for the production of cis-1,2-dihydroxy-1,2-dihydronaphthalene from naphthalene is reported. The oxidation reaction was initially studied in a stirred tank reactor using resting cells of a Pseudomonas fluorescens mutant, grown on glucose as carbon source and acetyl salicylate as inducer of the naphthalene dioxygenase enzymatic system. In these conditions the productivity of the system was limited by the efficiency of the oxygenation and by a reversible product inhibition phenomenon. In order to overcome the inhibitory effect of the 1,2-dihydrodiol accumulation, the biotransformations were carried out in a stirred reactor equipped with a membrane ultrafiltration device. In this way, the cells and the insoluble naphthalene were retained and recycled into the vessel, while the soluble diol was continuously removed through the membrane permeate. The diol was recovered by selective adsorption on a column packed with an adsorbent resin, allowing the rapid and direct recycle of the reaction medium back to the enzymatic reactor. This system afforded a final yield three-fold higher than that of the batch process, exhibiting a bioconversion rate of 1·3 g h−1 dm−3 for more than 16 h of continuous working.
Cell free protein synthesis versus yeast expression – A comparison using insulin as a model protein (2021)

Expression of recombinant proteins traditionally require a cellular system to transcribe and translate foreign DNA to a desired protein. The process requires special knowledge of the specific cellular metabolism in use and is often time consuming and labour intensive. A cell free expression system provides an opportunity to express recombinant proteins without consideration of the living cell. Instead, a cell free system relies on either a cellular lysate or recombinant proteins to carry out protein synthesis, increasing overall production speed and ease of handling. The one-pot cell free setup is commonly known as an in vitro transcription/translation reaction (IVTT). Here we focused on a PURE (Protein synthesis Using Recombinant Elements) IVTT system based on recombinant proteins from Escherichia coli. We evaluated the cell free system's ability to express functional insulin analogues compared to Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a well-established system for large scale production of recombinant human insulin and insulin analogues. Significantly, it was found that correct insulin expression and folding was governed by the inherent properties of the primary amino acids sequence of insulin, whereas the eukaryotic features of the expression system apparently play a minor role. The IVTT system successfully produced insulin analogues identical in structure and with similar insulin receptor affinity to those produced by yeast. In conclusion we demonstrate that the PURE IVTT system is highly suited for expressing soluble molecules with higher order features and multiple disulphide bridges.
Abstract LB-320: Reconstituting B55/protein phosphatase 2A activity in B55/PP2A-defective prostate cancer cells suppresses proliferation and tumorigenicity through pleiotropic mechanisms (2017)

Abstract Prostate cancer accounts for close to 30,000 deaths annually in the United States. The most frequent alteration in the prostate oncogenome landscape is loss of chromosome 8p, which is also observed in other epithelial tumors. This region harbors NKX3.1, a prostate specific tumor suppressor, but 8p copy number loss does not correlate with its mRNA expression. The PPP2R2A gene, which encodes a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2 (PP2A) designated B55, is located in 8p21.2 and is hemizygously lost in more that 50% of prostate adenocarcinomas. TCGA data analysis shows that hemizygous loss of PPP2R2A correlates with its reduced expression, poorer prognosis and that loss of PPP2R2A increases with metastasis to more than 80%. Of note, while homozygous loss is less common (4-10%), deletion of other subunits of the B55, but not other PP2A regulatory families, increases dramatically with metastasis despite their independent chromosomal locations. However, functional evidence that PPP2R2A acts as an haploinsufficient tumor suppressor and the potential mechanisms implicated are lacking. We have identified prostate cancer (PrCa) cell lines with reduced expression of B55 and shown that reconstitution of B55 expression reduces proliferation and induces senescence and loss of viability. B55 reconstitution in PC3 cells, an AR-negative model of human castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), also blocks transformation in vitro and tumorigenicity in SCID mice. Reconstitution of B55 in PCa cells with reduced expression (PC3 and DU145 cells) induces cell cycle defects in G1, G2/M and mitosis diminishing and delaying phosphorylation of pRB pocket proteins and mitotic substrates and altering associated kinase networks. Mitogenic signaling is also attenuated. Importantly, the effects of B55 reconstitution are at least partially mimicked via treatment of these cells with PP2A activating drugs, which have anti-tumorigenic activity, indicating that development of specific B55/PP2A activating drugs targeting the unaltered B55 alleles remaining in PCa cells may have therapeutic potential for a high proportion of prostate tumors and perhaps other epithelial tumors such as luminal B breast and ovarian cancers which share this alteration. Citation Format: Ziran Zhao, Alison Kurimchak, Petr Makhov, Katherine Johnson, Vladimir Kolenko, James Duncan, Xavier Graña. Reconstituting B55/protein phosphatase 2A activity in B55/PP2A-defective prostate cancer cells suppresses proliferation and tumorigenicity through pleiotropic mechanisms [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-320. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-LB-320
Sequence Analysis in the BLYS and APRIL Receptor TACI Reveals Novel Variants with a Potential Pathogenetic Role in Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinemia (WM). (2005)

Abstract B-lymphocyte stimulator protein (BLYS) and a proliferation inducing ligand (APRIL) are members of the tumor necrosis family of ligands which play an important role in normal and malignant human B-cell homeostasis through their receptors BCMA, TACI (for BLYS and APRIL) and BAFF-R (for BLYS only). We previously demonstrated via multicolor flow cytometric and RT-PCR analysis the expression of BLYS and APRIL, along with BCMA, TACI and BAFF-R on lymphoplasmacytic cells (LPC) as well as mast cells, which provide LPC growth support in patients with Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinemia (WM) (Blood 104:917a). Based on these studies, we performed sequence analysis for BLYS, APRIL, BCMA, TACI and BAFF-R from DNA obtained from CD19+ selected bone marrow LPC from 15 patients with the consensus panel diagnosis of WM, who also demonstrated active disease. These studies demonstrated multiple variants in exons 3 and 5 of TACI in 5/15 patients, and exon 1 of BAFF-R in 2/15 patients. The finding of genetic variants in the TACI gene in WM patients is of particular interest given its recently described role as a potential tumor suppressor gene, and potential involvement in the generation of autoimmunity (Immunity2003; 8:279–88), which is a common complication in patients with WM. Moreover, variants in TACI have been reported in patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) (Nat Genet2005;37:820–8), a finding significant to patients with WM who chronically demonstrate IgA and IgG hypogammaglobulinemia, even following successful therapeutic intervention as we recently reported (Blood 104:306b). The results of these studies suggest that variants in TACI, and possibly BAFF-R may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of WM.
Primary structure of the membranous segment of cytochrome b5. (1977)

The primary structure of the membranous segment of porcine liver microsomal cytochrome b5 has been determined. This polypeptide is at the COOH terminus of the cytochrome molecule and consists of 43 amino acids. It is essential for the insertion of the cytochrome into the endoplasmic reticular membrane. Automated sequence analysis of tryptic and cyanogen bromide/anhydrous heptafluorobutyric acid peptides provided data from which the following unique amino acid sequence was deduced: Ile-Ala-Lys-Pro-Ser-Glu-Thr-Leu-Ile-Thr-Thr-Val-Glu-Ser-Asn-Ser-Ser-Trp-Trp-Thr-Asn-Trp-Val-Ile-Pro-Ala-Ile-Ser-Ala-Leu-Val-Val-Ser-Leu-Met-Tyr-His-Phe-Tyr-Thr-Ser-Glu-Asn. A prediction of alpha-helices, beta-structures, and beta-turns basedon the sequence of this polypeptide is also presented.
Model-Based Comparison of the Normal and Fontan Circulatory Systems—Part II (2015)

Several components of the Fontan circulation other than the TCPC actually have equal, or greater, impact on CI under certain conditions.