gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of PCR- and HinfI Restriction Endonuclease-Based Methods for Typing of Candida krusei Isolates (2004)

We compared HinfI restriction endonuclease-based analysis of genomic DNA with a PCR-based method for molecular typing of 90 Candida krusei isolates from 17 geographically related patients. Strain groupings by these methods were the same for 89 of 90 isolates. Ten of 17 patients were infected with related strains of C. krusei.
β-Trace Protein Is Not Better than Cystatin C as an Indicator of Reduced Glomerular Filtration Rate (2001)

Recent studies suggest that serum cystatin C [reviewed in Refs. (1)(2)] and β-trace protein (3)(4) identify reductions in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) better than creatinine does. Woitas et al. (5) compared for the first time the diagnostic performance of cystatin C, β-trace protein, β2-microglobulin, and creatinine in relation to inulin clearance. They noted that we reported a higher diagnostic accuracy of β-trace protein in a study with 115 diabetic patients (4). As explanation, Woitas et al. (5) offered different patient characteristics.

In …
Cancer‐specific survival outcomes among patients treated during the cytokine era of kidney cancer (1989‐2005) (2008)

Most patients with localized RCC do well with surgery alone, but effective adjuvant therapy is needed for patients identified as at high risk for recurrence. For advanced disease, newer targeted and potentially less toxic treatments should be at least as effective as those achieved with aggressive surgical resection and immunotherapy.
Tensile GaAs(111) quantum dashes with tunable luminescence below the bulk bandgap (2014)

Strain-based band engineering in quantum dots and dashes has been predominantly limited to compressively strained systems. However, tensile strain strongly reduces the bandgaps of nanostructures, enabling nanostructures to emit light at lower energies than they could under compressive strain. We demonstrate the self-assembled growth of dislocation-free GaAs quantum dashes on an InP(111)B substrate, using a 3.8% tensile lattice-mismatch. Due to the high tensile strain, the GaAs quantum dashes luminesce at 110–240 meV below the bandgap of bulk GaAs. The emission energy is readily tuned by adjusting the size of the quantum dashes via deposition thickness. Tensile self-assembly creates new opportunities for engineering the band alignment, band structure, and optical properties of epitaxial nanostructures.
Recycling of IC molding resin wastes from IC package production processes (2002)

Reported here is a study for recycling of residue of molding resin for IC packages (molding resin waste). Molding resin waste pulverized into a powder showed good surface reactivity almost comparable to that of silica powder. When the waste powder of low-stress type molding resin was recycled into standard type molding resin, the thermal resistance of the resulting product was superior to that of the standard molding resin. Moreover, the waste powder of molding resin was found to be useful as a general filler for resin type construction materials, paints and adhesives, and as a decorating agent for construction materials.
From Designing the Molecules of Life to Designing Life: Future Applications Derived from Advances in DNA Technologies (2018)

Since the elucidation of its structure, DNA has been at the forefront of biological research. In the past half century, an explosion of DNA-based technology development has occurred with the most rapid advances being made for DNA sequencing. In parallel, dramatic improvements have also been made in the synthesis and editing of DNA from the oligonucleotide to the genome scale. In this Review, we will summarize four different subfields relating to DNA technologies following this trajectory of smaller to larger scale. We begin by talking about building materials out of DNA which in turn can act as delivery vehicles in vivo. We then discuss how altering microbial genomes can lead to novel methods of production for industrial biologics. Next, we talk about the future of writing whole genomes as a method of studying evolution. Lastly, we highlight the ways in which barcoding biological systems will allow for their three-dimensional analysis in a highly multiplexed fashion.
ChemInform Abstract: 4‐Trifloxy‐9‐SEM‐β‐carboline: Preparation and Synthetic Utility. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Low-temperature, solution-processed organic transistors for flexible electronics (2011)

Summary form only given: The materials properties of conjugated small molecule and polymer semiconductors have specific characteristics that make them suitable for applications that cannot easily be addressed by many inorganic materials. Organic semiconductors are inherently low-temperature materials. Due to the absence of covalent bonding between molecules they can be processed at temperatures below typically 100-150°C from either vapour phase or solution into high quality thin films that exhibit a low density of electronic defects. This makes them suitable for applications with a limited temperature window during manufacturing, such as applications that require a flexible plastic substrate, or applications that require integration with other low-temperature materials such as biological molecules. Solution-processible organic semiconductors are compatible with direct-write printing-based manufacturing techniques that have become of interest in order to achieve cost-reductions in large-area electronic applications, such as flat panel displays, and enable new manufacturing paradigms such as roll-to-roll printing, for example for organic solar cells. Among conjugated organic molecules there is an incredible richness in molecular structures which can be tuned to achieve and optimise particular electronic and optoelectronic functions through molecular design. This has been the engine for signif icant improvements in materials and device performance over the years. The efficiency of organic solar cells has increased from levels below 2% 15 years ago to current record levels of 8%. Even more impressive improvements by 3-4 orders of magnitude have been achieved in the field-effect mobility of organic transistors to levels exceeding 1 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /Vs. As a result organic semiconductors are now being industrialised for a broad range of applications in displays, electronics, energy and healthcare. In this presentation we will report on recent progress and current status of organic semiconductor technology with a focus on organic transistors, provide an overview of their materials science and discuss the status of commercialization in flexible displays and other flexible electronic applications.
Multiple Gateway Transmit Diversity in Q/V Band Feeder Links (2014)

Design of high bandwidth and reliable feeder links are central toward provisioning new services on the user link of a multibeam satellite communication system. Toward this, utilization of the Q/V band and an exploitation of multiple gateways (GWs) as a transmit diversity measure for overcoming severe propagation effects are being considered. In this context, this contribution deals with the design of a feeder link comprising <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="TeX">$N+P$</tex-math></inline-formula> GWs ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="TeX">$N$</tex-math></inline-formula> active and <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="TeX">$P$</tex-math></inline-formula> redundant GWs). Toward provisioning the desired availability, a novel switching scheme is analyzed and practical aspects such as prediction-based switching and switching rate are discussed. Unlike most relevant works, a dynamic rain attenuation model is used to analytically derive average outage probability in the fundamental <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="TeX">$1+1$</tex-math></inline-formula> GW case. Building on this result, an analysis for the <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="TeX">$N+P$</tex-math></inline-formula> scenario leading to a quantification of the end-to-end performance is provided. This analysis aids system sizing by illustrating the interplay between the number of active and redundant GWs on the chosen metrics: average outage and average switching rate.
Network transparency: the plaNET approach (1994)

Fast packet-switching has been chosen as the basis for future high speed, "universal" networks. The successful deployment of such networks will clearly depend on a wide range of factors such as cost and technology, but the authors believe that foremost among all is how well they will support existing and future applications. Emphasizing an application oriented perspective is one of the main motivation of the paper. The authors denote by "transparency" the ability of a network to transport application information while altering or manipulating it as little as possible, and believe it will be key to the acceptance of high-speed networks. While the concept is clearly not new, they articulate the need for it and illustrate its feasibility and the advantages it affords through the example of the plaNET network. In particular, they argue that a "transparent" data transfer mechanism can be provided that is both compatible with current standard proposals such as ATM and frame relay, and offers applications the choice of the data transfer mode that best meet their needs. A number of examples are used to illustrate these claims.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Host specificity of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli from rabbits: lack of correlation between adherence in vitro and pathogenicity for laboratory animals (1994)

The pathogenicity of four attaching and effacing strains of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli originally isolated from diarrheic rabbits was investigated by inoculating them perorally into rabbits, guinea pigs, and mice. The ability of the four strains to adhere to cultured epithelial cells, erythrocytes, and intestinal brush borders from various animal species, including rabbits, guinea pigs, and mice, varied considerably. Only one strain carried AF/R1 fimbriae, which are believed to determine the host specificity of these bacteria. Despite these differences, the pattern of behavior of the four strains in experimentally infected animals was similar. Each strain caused fatal diarrhea in rabbits (although the virulence of individual strains for rabbits differed significantly), and none was virulent for guinea pigs or mice. None of the strains colonized the intestinal tract of guinea pigs, but all were able to cause attaching-effacing lesions in ligated loops of guinea pig small intestine. By contrast, all four strains colonized mice, in particular the distal intestine, but none induced attaching-effacing lesions in mouse intestinal loops. These findings suggest that there may be previously unrecognized host-restricted adhesins in enteropathogenic E. coli and indicate that adherence to erythrocytes or intestinal brush borders in vitro does not necessarily reflect colonizing ability or pathogenicity in vivo.
Myocardial Perfusion Simulation for Coronary Artery Disease: A Coupled Patient-Specific Multiscale Model (2020)

Patient-specific models of blood flow are being used clinically to diagnose and plan treatment for coronary artery disease. A remaining challenge is bridging scales from flow in arteries to the micro-circulation supplying the myocardium. Previously proposed models are descriptive rather than predictive and have not been applied to human data. The goal here is to develop a multiscale patient-specific model enabling blood flow simulation from large coronary arteries to myocardial tissue. Patient vasculatures are segmented from coronary computed tomography angiography data and extended from the image-based model down to the arteriole level using a space-filling forest of synthetic trees. Blood flow is modeled by coupling a 1D model of the coronary arteries to a single-compartment Darcy myocardium model. Simulated results on five patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease compare overall well to [[Formula: see text]O][Formula: see text]O PET exam data for both resting and hyperemic conditions. Results on a patient with severe obstructive disease link coronary artery narrowing with impaired myocardial blood flow, demonstrating the model's ability to predict myocardial regions with perfusion deficit. This is the first report of a computational model for simulating blood flow from the epicardial coronary arteries to the left ventricle myocardium applied to and validated on human data.
Neuro-fuzzy control of complex manufacturing processes (1996)

Abstract A scheme for intelligent optimization and control of complex manufacturing processes is presented. The underlying nonlinear process is modelled by artificial neural networks and process control is performed by fuzzy logic. Fuzzy rules are automatically generated from the trained neural networks through a novel rule generation mechanism and fuzzy control is performed by Mamdani implication. Simulation results show that the proposed approach can provide a robust and accurate way of controlling complex processes without comprehensive models or knowledge about the process. Additional informationNotes on contributorsY. C. SHIN To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Synthetic nanoparticle vehicles deliver siRNA to vascular endothelial cells for VCAM‐1 knockdown (2008)

The therapeutic promise of siRNA relies on its ability to knock down genes with minimal side effects. Upregulation of inflammatory genes such as vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (VCAM‐1) in atherosclerosis suggests that targeted delivery of siRNA as an antiatherosclerotic therapy might modify disease progression. We have shown previously that liquid perfluorocarbon nanoparticle emulsions (PFC‐NP) can serve as molecularly targeted vehicles for imaging and drug delivery in vivo . In this study, we sought to utilize PFC NP as carriers of siRNA to endothelial cells. Cationic PFC‐NP emulsions were produced with 1,2‐Dioleoyl‐3‐Trimethylammonium‐Propane (DOTAP). siRNA to VCAM‐1 was complexed to the emulsions and incubated with mouse 2F‐2B endothelial cells. We observed that fluorescently labeled siRNA in cells 24 h after transfection as determined by confocal microscopy. Optimized transfection conditions (10 pM PFC‐NP with 5 nM siRNA) produce a 52% decrease in VCAM‐1 mRNA levels after 48h. Corresponding viability data measured 24 h after transfection using flow cytometry indicated 80–90% viability in 2F‐2B cells under similar transfection conditions. Accordingly, these particles offer an efficient method for siRNA delivery to endothelial cells and they can simultaneously serve as a vehicle for molecular imaging to confirm siRNA delivery. This work was supported by NIH grant #HL073646
<title>Mobility enhancement by adding fullerene C<formula><inf><roman>70</roman></inf></formula> to molecularly doped polymers</title> (1998)

Saiwai-ku, Kawasaki 210-8582, JAPAN The drift mobility and the diffusion coefficient of molecularly doped polymers (MDPs) are measured by fitting the theoretical equation to the observed time—of—flight photocurrent transient. The 70% mobility enhancement is observed when 0.2 wt.% fullerene C70 is added to the diphenylamino— benzaldehyde diphenyl hydrazone (DPH) doped polystyrene. We consider this is due to the interaction between C0 and DPH which form the charge transfer complex. <br/> <br/> Keywords: molecularly doped polymer, diffusion, drift mobility, time—of—flight experiment.
Conformance While Fracturing: Technology Used To Reduce Water Production inNorth Mexico (2006)

Often, the main challenge in producing hydrocarbons in north Mexico is the accompanying large associated water production. In the Cuenca de Burgos field in northern Mexico, operators typically encounter water production of over 400 BWPD following fracture-stimulation treatments. This paper discusses how water production in those fields was significantly reduced using a new conformance-while-fracturing (CWF) method that incorporates a chemical relative permeability modifier (RPM) prepad.The formations were reported to have high watersaturation levels. Fracture-stimulation treatments performed in similar intervals usually (1) intersected a stringer of water within the targeted interval, or (2) extended into the highly saturated areas above and/or below the interval. Water cuts as high as 50 to 60% had made production of such intervals uneconomical.Data gathered from the first six months of production on more than seven wells in northern Mexico illustrate the economic benefit of the stimulation treatments using the new CWF technique. In many cases, the treatment has limited water production to less than 20%, and some applications have reduced water production to negligible levels. This paper discusses the job design, field application, and results of several CWF treatments performed in this area between 2004 and 2005.
Front Matter: Volume 8110 (2011)

This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 8110, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, Introduction, and the Conference Committee listing.
Benefit of pazopanib in advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumours: results from a phase II trial (SSG XXI, PAGIST) (2021)

Pazopanib given in the third line to patients with GIST progressing on both imatinib and sunitinib was beneficial for about half of the patients. The PAGIST trial confirms the results from the PAZOGIST trial, and the median PFS achieved seems comparable to the PFS achieved with regorafenib in the third-line setting.
Simultaneous observation of high order multiple quantum coherences at ultralow magnetic fields (2019)

We present a method for the simultaneous observation of heteronuclear multi-quantum coherences (up to the 3rd order), which give an additional degree of freedom for ultralow magnetic field (ULF) MR experiments, where the chemical shift is negligible. The nonequilibrium spin state is generated by Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE) and detected at ULF with SQUID-based NMR. We compare the results obtained by the heteronuclei Correlated SpectroscopY (COSY) with a Flip Angle FOurier Series (FAFOS) method. COSY allows a quantitative analysis of homo- and heteronuclei quantum coherences.
Elucidating Cu-Glycine and BTA Complexations in Cu-CMP Using SIMS and XPS (2005)

The role of oxidants, complexing agents, and inhibitors in copper surface modification during Cu-chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) process was studied using secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The changes in the Cu surface chemistry in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, glycine, and benzotriazole (BTA) were investigated, with a special attention to the effect of pH, Cu-glycine-, and Cu-BTA-complex formations. The present investigation corroborates the earlier reported results of an increased copper dissolution in solution containing glycine and hydrogen peroxide, and a decreased removal rate of copper in the presence of benzotriazole due to the formation of a Cu-BTA polymeric film. (C) 2005 The Electrochemical Society.
Guide for building an ECC pki (2020)

This memo provides a guide for building a PKI (Public Key
Infrastructure) using openSSL. All certificates in this guide are
ECDSA, P-256, with SHA256 certificates. Along with common End Entity
certificates, this guide provides instructions for creating IEEE
802.1AR iDevID Secure Device certificates.
Leading-edge bluntness effects in high enthalpy, hypersonic compression corner flow (1996)

An experimental study of the combined effects of leading-edge bluntness and real gas behavior on shock wave/boundary-layer interaction has been performed. Pressure and heat transfer distributions have been measured over a compression corner for a range of corner angles, including the datum case of flat plate flow. On the flat plate and upstream of the corner, the pressure and heat transfer for the blunt leading-edge configuration were found to lie above the corresponding sharp leading values. On the ramp, there was a considerable reduction in the pressure and heat transfer when the leading edge was blunt. Also, the extent of the interaction was seen to be smaller with the blunt leading edge. These results are similar to those from perfect gas studies. The differences between the sharp and blunt leading-edge data appear to be less pronounced at the higher enthalpy. This is thought likely to be because of the reduced shock standoff, which occurs as a result of dissociation. A comparison between the heat transfer data on the ramp face and predictions from the generalized reference enthalpy theory was seen to be reasonable. The upstream influence and plateau pressure were found to be in fair agreement with data from low enthalpy experiments. A C CD c d h hr L lu M n Pr p qw Rex
ChemInform Abstract: Biosynthesis of the Hypotensive Metabolite Oudenone (IIb) by Oudemansiella radicata. Part 1. Intact Incorporation of a Tetraketide Chain Elongation Intermediate. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Molecular Characterization of Virus-induced Autoantibody Responses (2004)

Here we present a comprehensive molecular mapping of virus-induced autoimmune B cell responses obtained by serological identification of antigens by recombinant expression cloning analysis. Immunoscreening of cDNA expression libraries of various organs (lung, liver, and spleen) using sera from mice infected with cytopathic (vaccinia virus [VV]) or noncytopathic (lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus [LCMV]) viruses revealed a broad specificity of the elicited autoantibody response. Interestingly, the majority of the identified autoantigens have been previously described as autoantigens in humans. We found that induction of virus-induced autoantibodies of the immunoglobulin G class largely depends on the CD40-CD40L-mediated interaction between T and B cells. Furthermore, antibody titers against a number of autoantigens were comparable to the concomitantly induced antiviral antibody response. Comparison of serum reactivity against a selected panel of autoantigens after infection with VV, LCMV, or vesicular stomatitis virus showed that the different virus infections triggered distinct autoantibody responses, suggesting that virus infections may leave specific "autoantibody fingerprints" in the infected host.