gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evidence for selective benefit of sequential treatment with azanucleosides in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). (2013)

7113 Background: Azanucleosides (AZN) remain the mainstay of therapy in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Sequential use of AZNs is common practice given the limited alternatives. The only published experience described 14 patients showing a 28% response with decitabine (DAC) after failure or lack of response to azacitidine (AZA). To investigate the potential benefit of this approach,we reviewed cases of sequential AZN treatment. Methods: Patients who received treatment with both AZNs were identified through the Moffitt Cancer Center MDS database. Two groups were identified; group one who received DAC after AZA failure and group 2, who received AZA after DAC failure. The primary objective was to estimate overall response rates according to the International Working Group (IWG) 2006 criteria. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate median OS. Results: A total of 39 MDS patients were identified who received treatment with both AZNs. Complete records were available in 31 patients, including 21 patients in group 1 (DAC after AZA) and 10 patients in group 2 (AZA after DAC). The Table summarizes baseline characteristics and response rates. The median OS for Group 1 from diagnosis was 48 months and for group 2 was 100 months (p=0.7). Conclusions: Sequential use of AZNs after failure of first line may be an effective alternative outside the context of clinical trials. Response rate is higher in patients who receive AZA after DAC. Sequential use of HMA should be considered in context of randomized clinical trial of novel agent as the control arm. [Table: see text]
Head and neck cancer: effect of food ingestion on uptake of C-11 methionine. (1994)

Although cancer imaging with PET and C-11 methionine can be performed even in the patient has not fasted, a standardized meal may decrease tumor C-11 methionine uptake.
41‐1: Invited Paper: Dynamic Holography for Automotive Augmented‐Reality Head‐Up Displays (AR‐HUD) (2021)

In recent months we have begun to witness the introduction of Augmented Reality Head Up Displays in the latest vehicles, thus far these devices have employed conventional display technologies such as LCDs or DMDs. However, the large display areas &amp; high pixel counts associated with AR‐HUDs present a number of challenges for the incumbent technologies. Dynamic holography is an alternative display technology which has been maturing rapidly over the past decade. The application of this technology to AR‐HUD has a number of distinct advantages most notably that its image formation process enables a number of different architectures reducing the barrier to integration.
Correlation and prognostic significance of beta-galactoside alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase and serum monosialylated alpha-fetoprotein in hepatocellular carcinoma (2005)

Our results indicate that the presence of msAFP in blood circulation is associated with a decreased activity of ST6Gal I activity in HCC. Both tissue ST6Gal I and serum msAFP are potential prognostic markers for patients with operable HCC.
Surface Organization, Light-Driven Surface Changes, and Stability of Semifluorinated Azobenzene Polymers (2007)

A series of polymers with 4-perfluoroalkyl-modified azobenzene side groups was investigated for its light-induced changes in surface properties. The ultraviolet (UV) light activated trans to cis isomerization of the azobenzene group, and the influence of molecular order and orientation on this process were studied using near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy and water contact angle measurements. Light-induced molecular reorganization in the near-surface region was studied by NEXAFS using in situ UV irradiation of polymer thin films. Differential scanning calorimetry and wide-angle X-ray scattering studies showed that sufficiently long fluoroalkyl groups formed well-ordered smectic mesophases in the bulk, as well as on the surface, which was evidenced by NEXAFS. The disruption of mesogen packing by photoisomerization was found to be influenced by the fluoroalkyl segment length. Surfaces with perfluorohexyl and perfluorooctyl groups that showed high orientational order were also highly resistant to light-induced changes. In such cases, the trans-cis isomerization resulted in greater lowering of the azobenzene phenyl ring order parameters than the perfluoroalkyl order parameters. UV exposure caused reorientation of the phenyl rings of the azobenzene group, but the terminal perfluoroalkyl segments remained more or less ordered.
Dissolution of Ir-based alloys including transition metals with sodium peroxide (2003)

It is well known that Ir is a chemically stable element that is difficult to dissolve, even in a strong acid. Furthermore, when transition metals are added to it, Ir becomes more difficult to dissolve in acid. To solve this problem, we tried to dissolve Ir-Nb, Ir-Zr, Ir-Nb-Zr, Ir-Nb-Pt, Ir-Nb-Pt-Al, and Ir-W alloys using a fusion method at 1073 K in sodium peroxide. This was successful, and the concentration of each element was analyzed with ICP-AES. The result was in good agreement with the nominal concentration. This shows that the fusion method in sodium peroxide and analysis with ICP-AES are suitable for Ir alloys.
Synthesis and Charge Transport Properties of Redox-Active Nitroxide Polyethers with Large Site Density (2010)

To maximize the theoretical redox capacity of polymers containing cyclic nitroxides as redox-active pendant groups for high-density charge storage application, a compact five-membered ring with the smallest equivalent weight among the robust cyclic nitroxides was directly bound to a poly(ethylene oxide) chain. 2,2,5,5-Tetramethyl-3-oxiranyl-3-pyrrolin-1-oxyl was synthesized and polymerized via anionic coordinated ring-opening polymerization utilizing diethyl zinc/H2O as an initiator. The unpaired electron in the monomer survived during the polymerization, giving rise to a high density redox polymer with a weight-specific theoretical capacity of 147 mA h/g. Cyclic voltammetry of the polymer layer confined at the surface of an electrode revealed a large redox capacity comparable to the theoretical capacity, which was ascribed to the efficient swelling and yet insoluble properties of the polyether in electrolyte solutions by virtue of the high molecular weight of >105 and adhesive properties allowing immobilization of the layer on the electrode surface. The redox capacity also indicated that the ionophoric polyether matrix accommodated electrolyte anions through the polymer/electrolyte interface to neutralize positive charges produced by the oxidation of the neutral radicals at the polymer/electrode interface. The diffusion coefficient for the redox gradient-driven charge hopping process corresponded to a large second-order rate constant in the order of 107 M−1 s−1, which suggested an efficient electron self-exchange reaction throughout the polymer layer due to the large redox site population and hence to the small intersite distance. Test cells fabricated with a polymer/carbon fiber composite layer on an aluminum current collector as the cathode and a Li anode sandwiching an electrolyte layer were capable of charging and discharging as a secondary battery with an output voltage near 3.7 V and were durable for more than 103 charging−discharging cycles without substantial degradation.
Coating on a Cold Substrate Largely Enhances Power Conversion Efficiency of the Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cell (2011)

Spin-coating a mixture solution of P3HT and PCBM on a cold substrate largely enhanced the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells. This concept was based on the abrupt decrease in the solubility of P3HT as solution temperature decreased. The selective precipitation of P3HT on the PEDOT:PSS-coated cold substrate facilitated a desirable rich composition of P3HT at the interface with the PEDOT:PSS layer. The high crystallinity of P3HT suppressed the movement of PCBM during thermal annealing, preventing aggregation of PCBM. The morphological excellence of the pristine film gave a comparable PCE to that made by the conventional fabrication process. After thermal annealing, the device made via coating on a cold substrate showed above 30% increase in PCE from the BHJ solar cells made by the conventional method.
Serum Factors Releasing Serotonin from Normal Platelets: Relation to the Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (1977)

In 13 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, globulin fractions of sera from serial bleedings were assayed for the induction of serotonin release from normal platelets. Releasing activity appeared at some time in the sera of seven patients, five of whom had episodes of thrombocytopenia. Conversely, only one patient manifested thrombocytopenia without the occurrence of serotonin releasing activity at any time. In three patients with episodes of thrombocytopenia, increases in serotonin releasing activity temporally coincided with drops in platelet count. These data show that levels of circulating platelet serotonin releasing factor(s) vary in the course of systemic lupus erythematosus and these variations may be inversely related to the platelet count in particular patients.
Glycerotoxin stimulates neurosecretion by up-regulating N-type Ca2+ channel activity (2004)

Meeting Abstract
Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition Regrowth of InGaN and GaN on N-polar Pillar and Stripe Nanostructures (2007)

N-polar (0001̄) GaN templates were patterned using holographic lithography to create nanopillar (NP) and nanostripe (NS) arrays. InGaN and GaN was subsequently regrown on the patterned wafers by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The impact of changes in V/III ratio and growth temperature were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and photoluminescence (PL). Highly selective growth of InGaN and GaN on planes close to the [101̄0] m-planes was observed over a wide range of growth conditions as well as different facet formation compared to regrowth on Ga-polar (0001) NP and NS arrays. © 2007 The Japan Society of Applied Physics.
An optical/electrical test system for 100Gb/s optical interconnection devices with high volume testing capability (2016)

100-Gb/s optical interconnection devices are expected to be deployed widely in large scale datacenters in the near future. As it is required to setup these large scale datacenters in a short period, 100-Gb/s devices need to have shorter time-to-market. We have developed a test system which is capable of testing 16-lanes of 28-Gb/s both optical and electrical interfaces simultaneously. This multiple lane configuration provides a more realistic operating environment to the device under test in order to confirm inter-lane interference or power integrity. The test system also includes repeatable optical connectors which has variation of insertion loss less than +/- 0.3dB after more than 100,000 repeated plug/unplug operations. This test solution can be applied to high speed optical interconnection device testing in high volume manufacturing.
Designing optically pumped InGaN quantum wells with long wavelength emission for a phosphor-free device with polarized white-light emission (2016)

We report a semipolar III-nitride device in which an electrically injected blue light emitting diode optically pumps monolithic long wavelength emitting quantum wells (QWs) to create polarized white light. We have demonstrated an initial device with emission peaks at 440 nm and 560 nm from the electrically injected and optically pumped QWs, respectively. By tuning the ratio of blue to yellow, white light was measured with a polarization ratio of 0.40. High indium content InGaN is required for long wavelength emission but is difficult to achieve because it requires low growth temperatures and has a large lattice mismatch with GaN. This device design incorporates optically pumped QWs for long wavelength emission because they offer advantages over using electrically injected QWs. Optically pumped QWs do not have to be confined within a <i>p-n</i> junction, and carrier transport is not a concern. Thus, thick GaN barriers can be incorporated between multiple InGaN QWs to manage stress. Optically pumping long wavelength emitting QWs also eliminates high temperature steps that degrade high indium content InGaN but are required when growing <i>p</i>-GaN for an LED structure. Additionally, by eliminating electrical injection, the doping profile can instead be engineered to affect the emission wavelength. We discuss ongoing work focused on improving polarized white light emission by optimizing the optically pumped QWs. We consider the effects of growth conditions, including: trimethylindium (TMI) flow rate, InGaN growth rate, and growth temperature. We also examine the effects of epitaxial design, including: QW width, number of QWs, and doping.
Flow Sampling: Network Monitoring in Large-Scale Software-Defined IoT Networks (2021)

Software-defined Internet-of-Things networking (SDIoT) greatly simplifies the network monitoring in large-scale IoT networks by per-flow sampling, wherein the controller keeps track of all the active flows in the network and samples the IoT devices on each flow path to collect real-time flow statistics. There is a tradeoff between the controller’s sampling preference and the balancing of loads among devices. On the one hand, the controller may prefer to sample some of the IoT devices on the flow path because they yield more accurate flow statistics. On the other hand, it is desirable to sample the devices uniformly so that their energy consumptions and lifespan are balanced. This paper formulates the flow sampling problem in large-scale SDIoT networks by means of a Markov decision process and devises policies that strike a good balance between these two goals. Three classes of policies are investigated: the optimal policy, the state-independent policies, and the index policies (including the Whittle index and a second-order index policies). The second-order index policy is the most desired policy among all: 1) in terms of performance, it is on an equal footing with the Whittle index policy, and outperforms the state-independent policies by much; 2) in terms of complexity, it is much simpler than the optimal policy, and is comparable to state-independent policies and the Whittle index policy; 3) in terms of realizability, it requires no prior information on the network dynamics, hence is much easier to implement in practice.
FLEXIBLE URETEROSCOPES: A SINGLE CENTER EVALUATION OF THE DURABILITY AND FUNCTION OF THE NEW ENDOSCOPES SMALLER THAN 9Fr (2000)

Small diameter flexible ureteroscopes are effective for diagnosing and treating upper urinary tract pathology but improved durability is required. Currently they represent a highly effective but high maintenance means of achieving retrograde access to the ureter and kidney with a need for repair after only 6 to 15 uses.
Molecular regulation of cigarette smoke induced-oxidative stress in human retinal pigment epithelial cells: implications for age-related macular degeneration (2009)

Cigarette smoke is the most important environmental risk factor for developing age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Damage to the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) caused by cigarette smoke may underlie the etiology of AMD. This study investigated the molecular and cellular effects of cigarette smoke exposure on human RPE cells. ARPE-19 or primary human RPE cells were exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) or hydroquinone (HQ), a component of cigarette smoke. The effect of this exposure on key aspects of RPE vitality including viability, cell size, mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsi(m)), superoxide production, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression was determined. Exposure of RPE cells to CSE or HQ caused oxidative damage and apoptosis, characterized by a reduction in cell size and nuclear condensation. Evidence of oxidative damage also included increased lipid peroxidation (4-HNE) and mitochondrial superoxide production, as well as a decrease in intracellular glutathione (GSH). Exogenous administration of antioxidants (GSH and N-acetyl-cysteine) prevented oxidative damage to the RPE cells caused by CSE. Cigarette smoke also induced expression of VEGF, HO-1, and the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2, like 2 (NRF2). However, NRF2 was only modestly involved in CSE-induced HO-1 expression, as shown by the NRF2 small interfering RNA studies. These new findings demonstrate that cigarette smoke is a potent inducer of oxidative damage and cell death in human RPE cells. These data support the hypothesis that cigarette smoke contributes to AMD pathogenesis by causing oxidative damage and cell death to RPE cells.
SOX2 primes the epigenetic landscape in neural precursors enabling proper gene activation during hippocampal neurogenesis (2015)

Newborn granule neurons generated from neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in the adult hippocampus play a key role in spatial learning and pattern separation. However, the molecular mechanisms that control activation of their neurogenic program remain poorly understood. Here, we report a novel function for the pluripotency factor sex-determining region Y (SRY)-related HMG box 2 (SOX2) in regulating the epigenetic landscape of poised genes activated at the onset of neuronal differentiation. We found that SOX2 binds to bivalently marked promoters of poised proneural genes [neurogenin 2 (Ngn2) and neurogenic differentiation 1 (NeuroD1)] and a subset of neurogenic genes [e.g., SRY-box 21 (Sox21), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf), and growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible, beta (Gadd45b)] where it functions to maintain the bivalent chromatin state by preventing excessive polycomb repressive complex 2 activity. Conditional ablation of SOX2 in adult hippocampal NPCs impaired the activation of proneural and neurogenic genes, resulting in increased neuroblast death and functionally aberrant newborn neurons. We propose that SOX2 sets a permissive epigenetic state in NPCs, thus enabling proper activation of the neuronal differentiation program under neurogenic cue.
ChemInform Abstract: Directed Nitrile Oxide Cycloaddition Reactions. The Use of Hydrogen Bonding to Direct Regio‐ and Stereochemistry in Nitrile Oxide Cycloadditions with Cyclopentenylamides. (1990)

Abstract The 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction of the 3‐substituted cyclopentenes (I) with benzonitrile oxide (II) generated in situ yields the two regioisomeric cyclization products (III) and (IV).
Inhibitors of the Oncogenic Transcription Factor AP-1 from Podocarpus latifolius (2011)

An activator protein-1 (AP-1) based bioassay-guided phytochemical investigation on Podocarpus latifolius led to the isolation of three new sempervirol-type diterpenes, cycloinumakiol (1), inumakal (2), and inumakoic acid (3), along with three known norditerpenes (4-6). Compounds 4 and 6 were responsible for the observed bioactivity.
Mouse-Human Chimeric Anti-Tn IgG1 Induced Anti-tumor Activity against Jurkat Cells in Vitro and in Vivo (2008)

Tn-antigen (alpha-N-acetyl-galactosamine(GalNAc)-Ser/Thr) is a cancer-associated carbohydrate antigen expressed in various epithelial and hematological cancers, and although a number of anti-Tn IgG and IgM antibodies have been generated, they have not been fully validated for cancer immunotherapy. In this study, we generated a novel murine anti-Tn IgG1 monoclonal antibody, KM3413, by immunization of mucins purified from a culture supernatant of LS180: a human colon cancer cell line. The binding of KM3413 was detected against consecutive Tn-antigens (Tn3 and Tn2), but not against monovalent antigens (Tn1). The affinity (K(D)) of KM3413 was determined to be about 10(-7) M with BIAcore. Cross-reactivity against type-A blood antigen, which shares a sugar residue, alpha-linked GalNAc, with Tn-antigen, was not detected. Next, we generated mouse-human chimeric IgG1 of KM3413 (cKM3413) and evaluated its anti-tumor activities against Jurkat: a human T-lymphoid leukemia cell line. In vitro assay revealed that cKM3413 induced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and direct killing activity with cross-link antibody. Furthermore, treatment of cKM3413 (1 or 10 mg/kg) showed significantly better survival of Jurkat-inoculated C.B-17/lcr-scid Jcl mice compared with controls using PBS treatment (p<0.001). These results suggest that humanized antibody against clustered Tn-antigens is a promising therapeutic antibody against Tn-positive cancers.
Q-switching and efficient harmonic generation from a single-mode LMA photonic bandgap rod fiber laser (2011)

We demonstrate a Single-Mode (SM) Large-Mode-Area (LMA) ytterbium-doped PCF rod fiber laser with stable and close to diffraction limited beam quality with 110W output power. Distributed-Mode-Filtering (DMF) elements integrated in the cladding of the rod fiber provide a robust spatial mode with a Mode-Field-Diameter (MFD) of 59μm. We further demonstrate high pulse energy Second-Harmonic-Generation (SHG) and Third Harmonic Generation (THG) using a simple Q-switched single-stage rod fiber laser cavity architecture reaching pulse energies up to 1mJ at 515nm and 0.5mJ at 343nm.
Preface: promoting research in PLS: current knowledge and future challenges (2020)

"Preface: promoting research in PLS: current knowledge and future challenges." Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Degeneration, 21(sup1), pp. 1–2
Highly Active Visible-Light Photocatalysts for Curing a Ceramic Precursor1 (1998)

Three platinum(II) bis(β-diketonate) complexes are highly active for photocatalytic hydrosilation cross-linking of oligo[(methylsilylene)methylene] with tetravinylsilane. Platinum(II) bis(benzoylacetonate), platinum(II) bis(trifluoroacetylacetonate), and platinum(II) bis(benzoyltrifluoroacetonate) are photoactivated by visible light for catalysis, while platinum(II) bis(hexafluoroacetylacetonate) can be used as a thermal catalyst. Kinetic data from FT-IR and UV−visible spectroscopies characterizing Si−H bond conversion and catalyst photolysis are reported.
Effect of SR-49059, a vasopressin V1a antagonist, on human vascular smooth muscle cells (1995)

The effects of SR-49059, a new nonpeptide and selective arginine vasopressin (AVP) V1a antagonist, were investigated in binding and functional studies on cultured human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Characterization of human vascular V1a receptors, using a specific V1a radioiodinated ligand, showed that [125I]-linear AVP antagonist binding to human VSMC membranes was time dependent, reversible, and saturable. A single population of high-affinity binding sites (apparent equilibrium dissociation constant = 15 +/- 6 pM; maximum binding density = 36 +/- 5 fmol/mg protein, i.e., approximately 3,000 sites/cell) with the expected V1a profile was identified. Exposure of these cells to AVP dose-dependently produced cytosolic free [Ca2+] increase [AVP concentration required to obtain a half-maximal response (EC50) = 23 +/- 9 nM] and proliferation (EC50 = 3.2 +/- 0.5 nM). SR-49059 strongly and stereospecifically inhibited [125I]-linear AVP antagonist binding to VSMC V1a receptors [inhibition constant (Ki) = 1.4 +/- 0.3 nM], AVP-evoked Ca2+ increase [concentration of inhibitor required to obtain 50% inhibition of specific binding (IC50) = 0.41 +/- 0.06 nM], and the mitogenic effects induced by 100 nM AVP (IC50 = 0.83 +/- 0.04 nM). OPC-21268, another nonpeptide V1a antagonist, was more than two orders of magnitude less potent than SR-49059 in these models. However, the consistent affinity (Ki = 138 +/- 21 nM) and activity found with OPC-21268 on human VSMC in comparison with the inactivity already observed for other human V1a receptors (liver, platelets, adrenals, and uterus) strongly suggested the existence of human AVP V1a-receptor subtypes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)