gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Flexible integration of both high imaging resolution and high power arrays for Thermal Strain Imaging (TSI) (2012)

Thermal Strain Imaging (TSI) for carotid artery plaque characterization benefits from both high imaging resolution (<;75 μm) and sufficient heating to elevate tissue temperature (~1-3°C within 1-3 cardiac cycles) to produce a noticeable change in sound speed in the targeted tissues. Optimization of imaging and heating in a single array or set of arrays is challenging however. Our flexible approach utilizes independent ultrasound arrays which can be mechanically joined in a low cost, but high performance manner. The approach presented should enable the beginning of a new era in dual-arrays: high resolution dedicated arrays combined with high power custom arrays to produce a desired beam overlap function. Low cost and quick integration changes are possible which permit high investigational flexibility. The key innovations of this work utilize 3D printing in the creation of array manifolds, and a high efficiency RF power splitter. The 3D printer used is capable of 16 micron accuracy in the construction of rigid polymer manifold which supports the heating transducer array elements. For our particular application of TSI on carotid plaque characterization, the tissue target site is 15 to 30mm deep, with a typical target volume of 2mm (ele) X 5mm (azi) × 7mm (depth). The fully characterized early design comprises 6 high power PZT array elements, each at 8.8 mm in diameter, which can be integrated with a multitude of commercially available imaging probes; we have used the MS250 (13-24 MHz) on the Vevo 2100 VisualSonics imaging platform. Both analytical and simulation methods were used in the selection of the best heating frequency (3.5 MHz) to use at the tissue targeting depth. The custom heating array performance was compared against KLM modeling and can easily deliver 30W of total acoustic power which produces intensities beyond 100 W/cm2 in the 2mm by 5mm tissue target region resulting in a 3°C rise in 2 sec. Custom beam modeling software was used to optimize sets of beam shapes of the custom arrays, and then implemented in the desired array manifold configuration. This low cost, flexible, and very effective new method for combining very different array functions demonstrates a means for rapid growth in this research area as designs are refined towards eventual commercialization.
Optimizing Chemoradiotherapy to Target Metastatic Disease and Tumor Growth (2018)

The majority of cancer-related fatalities are due to metastatic disease. Chemotherapeutic agents are administered along with radiation in chemoradiotherapy (CRT) to control the primary tumor and systemic disease such as metastasis. This work introduces a mathematical model of CRT treatment scheduling to obtain optimal drug and radiation protocols with the objective of minimizing metastatic cancer cell populations at multiple potential sites while maintaining a desired level of control on the primary tumor. Dynamic programming framework is used to determine the optimal radiotherapy fractionation regimen and the drug administration schedule. We design efficient DP data structures and use structural properties of the optimal solution to reduce the complexity of the resulting DP algorithm. We derive closed-form expressions for optimal chemotherapy schedules in special cases. The results suggest that if there is only an additive and spatial cooperation between the chemotherapeutic drug and radiation with no interaction between them, then radiation and drug administration schedules can be decoupled. In that case, regardless of the chemo- and radio sensitivity parameters, the optimal radiotherapy schedule follows a hypofractionated scheme. However, the structure of the optimal chemotherapy schedule depends on model parameters such as chemotherapy-induced cell kill at primary and metastatic sites, as well as the ability of primary tumor cells to initiate successful metastasis at different body sites. In contrast, an interactive cooperation between the drug and radiation leads to optimal split-course concurrent CRT regimens. Additionally, under dynamic radio sensitivity parameters due to the reoxygenation effect during therapy, we observe that it is optimal to immediately start the chemotherapy and administer a few large radiation fractions at the beginning of the therapy, while scheduling smaller fractions in later sessions. We quantify the trade-off between the new and traditional objectives of minimizing the metastatic population size and maximizing the primary tumor control probability, respectively, for a cervical cancer case. The trade-off information indicates the potential for significant reduction in the metastatic population with minimal loss in the primary tumor control.
Embedding edit distance to enable private keyword search (2012)

Abstract Background Our work is focused on fuzzy keyword search over encrypted data in Cloud Computing. Methods We adapt results on private identification schemes by Bringer et al . to this new context. We here exploit a classical embedding of the edit distance into the Hamming distance. Results Our way of doing enables some flexibility on the tolerated edit distance when looking for close keywords while preserving the confidentiality of the queries. Conclusion Our proposal is proved secure in a security model taking into account privacy.
Subsurface optical stimulation of rat prostate cavernous nerves using a continuous wave, single mode, 1490 nm diode laser (2013)

Successful identification of the cavernous nerves (CN’s) during radical prostatectomy requires detection of the CN’s through a thin layer of overlying fascia. This study explores the 1490 nm infrared (IR) diode laser wavelength for rapid and deep subsurface CN stimulation in a rat model, in vivo. A 150-mW, 1490-nm diode laser providing an optical penetration depth of ~ 520 μm was used to stimulate the CN’s in 8 rats through a single mode fiber optic probe with 1-mm-diameter spot and 15 s irradiation time. Successful ONS was judged by an intracavernous pressure response (ICP) in the rat penis. Subsurface ONS at 1490 nm was also compared with previous studies using 1455 and 1550 nm IR diode laser wavelengths. ONS was observed through fascia layers up to 380 &mu;m thick using an incident laser power of ~ 50 mW. ICP response times as short as 4.6 &plusmn; 0.2 s were recorded using higher laser powers bust still below the nerve damage threshold. The 1490-nm diode laser represents a compact, low cost, high power, and high quality infrared light source for use in ONS. This wavelength provides deeper optical penetration than 1455 nm and more rapid and efficient nerve stimulation than 1550 nm.
Caloric Supplements for Patients on Low-Protein Diets? (1988)

Protein-calorie malnutrition (PCMN) in patients suffering from chronic renal failure treated with a low-protein diet (LDP) is generally considered to be the major adverse effect of such a diet. One cause of PCMN might be that these protein-restricted diets do not supply enough energy, although all of them are supposed to provide at least 35 kcal/kg body weight (BW). In order to test this hypothesis, we analyzed the hypothetical protein and energy intake of a patient on different LPDs. The food intake of such a patient was simulated by analyzing the average composition of 28 complete daily menus. The daily menus simulating 9 dietary schedules (0.3 g protein/kg BW; n = 6; 0.6 g protein/kg BW; n = 3) were taken from 5 different German cookery books. Our analysis revealed that only 2 schedules supplied enough energy. All others were deficient in energy by about 500 kcal/day. The deficiency occurred to the same extent in schedules for diets providing 0.3 and 0.6 g of protein/day. Therefore we conclude that PCMN in patients on LPDs is often due to an insufficient energy supply. The use of less protein-restricted diets does not necessarily prevent PCMN, as also these diets may be low in calories. Thus the use of caloric supplements, e.g. wine or polysaccharides, and correct dietary counseling by a skilled dietitian are recommended.
In quest of global Radio Occultation Mission for meteorology beyond 2011 (2009)

The FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC mission consisting of six satellites is the world's first demonstration of near real-time operational GPS Radio Occultation (RO) constellation mission. The success of the mission expected to operate through 2011 has initiated a new era for operational GPS RO soundings. The World Meteorological Organization had recommended continuing RO observations operationally and urges planning for a complementary follow-on mission. The follow-on mission will be a new constellation of 12 to 18 satellites equipped with the GNSS RO payload and collect over 9000 soundings per day. This higher density of sounding profiles will be useful for global and mesoscale models, and also severe weather forecasting. The follow-on mission will establish international standards so that future RO missions deployed by any country can be used together for operations and research. In this paper, we present the state-of-the-art achievements and the results of the current mission; as well as the follow-on mission planning progress.
ICONE23-1694 NEW CONCEPT OF STATIC-FUEL-TYPE MOLTEN SALT REACTOR (2015)

A new concept of molten salt reactor (MSR) is proposed. The new concept is a static-fuel-type MSR (S-MSR) which is composed of a cylindrical core tank filled with molten salt fuel typically such as FLiNaK added with a few % of minor actinides (MAs) and plutonium and a vessel surrounding the core tank, filled with fluoride molten salt such as FLiNaK, acting as the primary coolant. The primary coolant is cooled with heat exchangers located inside the coolant vessel. Burning / transmutation rate of TRU elements in this reactor was evaluated to show as high as over 50%, a very high value. This type MSR is extremely safe from the viewpoint of severe accident since the molten salt fuel is confined in the core tank without circulation outside of the core. So, this type MSR can be expected to be applied to drastically reduce the amount of high level radioactive waste recovered from the spent fuels of the nuclear power plants including the fuel debris from the damaged reactors of Fukushima-Daiichi Power Station.
Helper T Cells Infiltrating Human Renal Cell Carcinomas Have the Phenotype of Activated Memory-Like T Lymphocytes (1995)

Human renal cell carcinomas are characterized by an inflammatory infiltrate containing many T lymphocytes. Attempts to grow T cells from such tumors by culture in interleukin (IL)-2 have yielded heterogeneous populations of cells with functional characteristics typical of lymphokine-activated killer cells obtained by similar culture of cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We examined a panel of surface markers expressed on T lymphocytes to determine if the CD4+ T cells infiltrating human renal cell carcinomas are different from those in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. By flow cytometry analysis the CD4+ T cells in a panel of freshly digested human renal cell carcinoma primary and metastatic tumors expressed the activation markers CD69 and HLA-DR and manifested an increase in CD45RO and a reciprocal decrease in CD45RA expression as compared with peripheral blood CD4+ T cells. This suggests that CD4+ T cells infiltrating renal cell carcinomas are activated and have encountered antigen. However, the expression of the IL-2R alpha chain (CD25) was not different in tumor-infiltrating CD4+ T cells and peripheral blood CD4+ T cells, suggesting that T cells infiltrating human renal cell carcinomas may have a block in proliferative capacity. The general failure of cultured tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) from renal cell carcinoma to demonstrate tumor-specific reactivity may be due to the failure of such cells to grow in IL-2.
A simple on-line adaptation for indirect field orientation of an induction machine (2003)

Three simple methods of adapting for rotor time constant changes of an indirect field-oriented induction machine are proposed. These methods utilize voltages as field-oriented reference models in the basic model reference adaptive control (MRAC) structure. Each of these methods offers some implementation or performance advantage over previously proposed MRAC methods and other adaption techniques. The proposed methods are analyzed along with other previously proposed MRAC methods, and the advantages and limitations of each are discussed. Experimental results are presented for the proposed methods with the most advantages.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Homoepitaxial Growth of Vanadium-Doped 4H-SiC Using Bis-Trimethylsilylmethane and Verrocene Precursors (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Minimal Relationship between Local Gyrification and General Cognitive Ability in Humans (2019)

Previous studies suggest that gyrification is associated with superior cognitive abilities in humans, but the strength of this relationship remains unclear. Here, in two samples of related individuals (total N = 2882), we calculated an index of local gyrification (LGI) at thousands of cortical surface points using structural brain images and an index of general cognitive ability (g) using performance on cognitive tests. Replicating previous studies, we found that phenotypic and genetic LGI-g correlations were positive and statistically significant in many cortical regions. However, all LGI-g correlations in both samples were extremely weak, regardless of whether they were significant or nonsignificant. For example, the median phenotypic LGI-g correlation was 0.05 in one sample and 0.10 in the other. These correlations were even weaker after adjusting for confounding neuroanatomical variables (intracranial volume and local cortical surface area). Furthermore, when all LGIs were considered together, at least 89% of the phenotypic variance of g remained unaccounted for. We conclude that the association between LGI and g is too weak to have profound implications for our understanding of the neurobiology of intelligence. This study highlights potential issues when focusing heavily on statistical significance rather than effect sizes in large-scale observational neuroimaging studies.
Power distribution to multiple implanted sensor devices using a multiport bandpass filter (BPF) approach (2014)

This paper presents a magnetically coupled bandpass filter (BPF) approach for power distribution to multiple implanted devices. The BPF design approach accounts for the multiple loads and enables maximum power transfer into each individual receiver for given coupling coefficients between the coils. The proposed concept is demonstrated by showing power distribution to two identical receivers below biological tissue through an external repeater on the tissue surface. In order to mimic biomedical implants, the test structure is fabricated using 25 μm thick liquid crystal polymer (LCP) substrates covered with a surrogate for biological tissue. The power transfer efficiency (PTE) distributed to each receiving unit is measured as 20.7 % for each of two devices while the total power transfer to a single receiver shows an efficiency of 42.2 % indicating that the power distribution only causes a power loss of 0.8 %. Therefore, the results imply the utility of the proposed design approach for power distribution to a network of biomedical implants.
Baseline Factors Predictive of Visual Prognosis in Acute Postoperative Bacterial Endophthalmitis in Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery (2013)

Most clinical outcome factors in acute postoperative endophthalmitis can be identified at presentation. The bacterial virulence level is the main factor predictive of the final visual prognosis.
Creating variable data infrared signals for security applications (2009)

Four color printing is the common way to render a color image to paper. This four color printing has certain side effects, among them the metameric representation of colors. This means that a single visual color can be generated through multiple different four color combinations. This is normally considered a problem, however, the problem description can be inverted and information can be embedded in a printed color image that is perceptually invisible under normal illumination, but revealed to an infrared imaging system. This means that certain security aspects can now produced in an essentially cost-neutral way.
Analysis of Vector Quantizers Using Transformed Codebooks with Application to Feedback-Based Multiple Antenna Systems (2008)

Transformed codebooks are obtained by a transformation of a given codebook to best match the statistical environment at hand. The procedure, though suboptimal, has recently been suggested for feedback of channel state information (CSI) in multiple antenna systems with correlated channels because of their simplicity and effectiveness. In this paper, we first consider the general distortion analysis of vector quantizers with transformed codebooks. Bounds on the average system distortion of this class of quantizers are provided. It exposes the effects of two kinds of suboptimality introduced by the transformed codebook, namely, the loss caused by suboptimal point density and the loss caused by mismatched Voronoi shape. We then focus our attention on the application of the proposed general framework to providing capacity analysis of a feedback-based MISO system over spatially correlated fading channels. In particular, with capacity loss as an objective function, upper and lower bounds on the average distortion of MISO systems with transformed codebooks are provided and compared to that of the optimal channel quantizers. The expressions are examined to provide interesting insights in the high and low SNR regime. Numerical and simulation results are presented which confirm the tightness of the distortion bounds.
Modeling and measurement of the wavelength-dependent output properties of quantum-well optical amplifiers: Effects of a carrier-dependent escape time (2003)

We present a model for quantum-well (QW) semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) that considers bidirectional field propagation and the carrier densities in the barrier and QW regions. Carrier capture from the barriers into the QWs and carrier escape from the QWs to the barriers are included by means of effective capture and escape times. The model incorporates the wavelength dependence of the optical response of the active region and the effects of spectral hole burning via an analytical approximation to the susceptibility of the active material, which allows one to very effectively include the wavelength dependence of the output properties of the SOA. The model is used to analyze the experimental results obtained for a multiquantum-well SOA. The simulations results show a good agreement with the experimental data when a carrier-density dependent escape time from the QW to the barrier regions is considered.
Cloud Protection by Obfuscation: Techniques and Metrics (2012)

This paper presents a survey of software protection based on the concept of security by obscurity, code obfuscation is now a hot topic in the field of digital right management, protecting against reverse engineering and tampering. Obfuscation comes in handy in situations where depending on cryptographic techniques is not enough, this is typical in remote execution situations where the software is executed on an unforeseen exposed hostile environment, such as the new computing platforms: cloud-computing paradigm and smartphones. Obfuscation is popular among malware and virus developers but also game developers and industrials who need to protect their intellectual property. They use it to conceal the operation of their code while executing in an uncontrolled environment. In this paper, we discuss the same concepts but for the different purpose of cloud security. We explore the state-of-the art in techniques and algorithms for software obfuscation. We also address how to assess the strength of these techniques via a concrete set of metrics.
Towards highly available clos-based WAN routers (2019)

The performance and availability of cloud and content providers often depends on the wide area networks (WANs) they use to interconnect their datacenters. WAN routers, which connect to each other using trunks (bundles of links), are sometimes built using an internal Clos topology connecting merchant-silicon switches. As such, these routers are susceptible to internal link and switch failures, resulting in reduced capacity and low availability. Based on the observation that today's WAN routers use relatively simple trunk wiring and routing techniques, we explore the design of novel wiring and more sophisticated routing techniques to increase failure resilience. Specifically, we describe techniques to 1) optimize trunk wiring to increase effective internal router capacity so as to be resilient to internal failures, 2) compute the effective capacity under different failure patterns, and 3) use these to compute compact routing tables under different failure patterns, since switches have limited routing table sizes. Our evaluations show that our approach can mask failures of up to 75% of switches in some cases without exceeding routing table limits, whereas competing techniques can sometimes lose half of a WAN router's capacity with a single failure.
Advanced hybrid nanoplasmonics based on controlled spatial overlapping of light with active medium (2014)

International audience
Factors influencing extramedullary relapse after allogeneic transplantation for multiple myeloma (2015)

International audience
Contrast-enhanced 3D ultrasound in the radiofrequency ablation of liver tumors (2009)

肝转移和 hepatocellular 癌是在世界上的癌症死亡的二个最普通的原因。Radiofrequency 脱离(RFA ) 是治疗恶意的肝的肿瘤的一个很好公认的、有效、最低限度地侵略的工具。这篇文章在阶段描述提高对比的 3D 超声(CE-3DUS ) 的使用，指向并且有经历 RFA 的肝肿瘤的病人的后续。特别地，它在大肝的损害的管理的价值将被说明。在这种技术的 CE-3DUS 和未来开发的当前的限制将也被讨论。在摘要， CE-3DUS 在有秘密损害和复发的改进察觉和显示的肝肿瘤的 RFA 是有用的，在对为更多的 lesional 几何学和取向的评价在立即或随后的后续经期以内的在大肿瘤并且在剩余或周期性的疾病的评估的精确计划和多重 RFA 针电极的指导。