gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recent advances in the treatment of hypertension (2011)

Uncontrolled blood pressure remains the single most common cause of death accounting for more than 7 million deaths per year worldwide. Despite the availability of potent lifestyle and pharmacologic approaches, rates of control of blood pressure are unsatisfactory and additional strategies to curb the burden of hypertension are warranted. Several novel pharmacological- and device-based approaches have recently been tested and may prove helpful to achieve better blood pressure control rates and thereby improve cardiovascular outcomes in patients with hypertension.
CMOS image sensor with lateral electric field modulation pixels for fluorescence lifetime imaging with sub-nanosecond time response (2016)

Abstract This paper presents the design and implementation of a time-resolved CMOS image sensor with a high-speed lateral electric field modulation (LEFM) gating structure for time domain fluorescence lifetime measurement. Time-windowed signal charge can be transferred from a pinned photodiode (PPD) to a pinned storage diode (PSD) by turning on a pair of transfer gates, which are situated beside the channel. Unwanted signal charge can be drained from the PPD to the drain by turning on another pair of gates. The pixel array contains 512 (V) × 310 (H) pixels with 5.6 × 5.6 µm 2 pixel size. The imager chip was fabricated using 0.11 µm CMOS image sensor process technology. The prototype sensor has a time response of 150 ps at 374 nm. The fill factor of the pixels is 5.6%. The usefulness of the prototype sensor is demonstrated for fluorescence lifetime imaging through simulation and measurement results.
3. An Introduction to Iterative Projection Methods (2000)

3.1 Introduction Since most algorithms and templates presented in detail in this book are iterative projection methods designed for solving large sparse eigenvalue problems, in this chapter, we begin with a discussion of the general framework of these iterative projection methods. It is well known that most of these methods provide rapid approximations to well-separated extremal eigenvalues. However, quite often, the sought-after eigenvalues may not be separated and are interior. The spectral transformation to be outlined in §3.3 is a practical tool for transforming the sought-after eigenvalues to well-separated extremal eigenvalues. 3.2 Basic Ideas Most of the standard eigenvalue algorithms exploit projection processes in order to extract approximate eigenvectors from a given subspace. The basic idea of a projection method is to extract an approximate eigenvector from a specified low-dimensional subspace. Certain conditions are required in order to be able to extract these approximations. Once these conditions are expressed, a small matrix eigenvalue problem is obtained. A somewhat trivial but interesting illustration of the use of projection is when the dominant eigenvalue of a matrix is computed by the power method as follows: select for , until convergence do:
Supplementary Table from Pharmacologic Inhibition of NT5C2 Reverses Genetic and Nongenetic Drivers of 6-MP Resistance in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2023)

Supplementary Table from Pharmacologic Inhibition of NT5C2 Reverses Genetic and Nongenetic Drivers of 6-MP Resistance in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Carbohydrate–Protein Interactions That Drive Processive Polysaccharide Translocation in Enzymes Revealed from a Computational Study of Cellobiohydrolase Processivity (2014)

Translocation of carbohydrate polymers through protein tunnels and clefts is a ubiquitous biochemical phenomenon in proteins such as polysaccharide synthases, glycoside hydrolases, and carbohydrate-binding modules. Although static snapshots of carbohydrate polymer binding in proteins have long been studied via crystallography and spectroscopy, the molecular details of polysaccharide chain processivity have not been elucidated. Here, we employ simulation to examine how a cellulose chain translocates by a disaccharide unit during the processive cycle of a glycoside hydrolase family 7 cellobiohydrolase. Our results demonstrate that these biologically and industrially important enzymes employ a two-step mechanism for chain threading to form a Michaelis complex and that the free energy barrier to chain threading is significantly lower than the hydrolysis barrier. Taken with previous studies, our findings suggest that the rate-limiting step in enzymatic cellulose degradation is the glycosylation reaction, not chain processivity. Based on the simulations, we find that strong electrostatic interactions with polar residues that are conserved in GH7 cellobiohydrolases, but not in GH7 endoglucanases, at the leading glucosyl ring provide the thermodynamic driving force for polysaccharide chain translocation. Also, we consider the role of aromatic-carbohydrate interactions, which are widespread in carbohydrate-active enzymes and have long been associated with processivity. Our analysis suggests that the primary role for these aromatic residues is to provide tunnel shape and guide the carbohydrate chain to the active site. More broadly, this work elucidates the role of common protein motifs found in carbohydrate-active enzymes that synthesize or depolymerize polysaccharides by chain translocation mechanisms coupled to catalysis.
OXYGEN-STABLE HEMOLYSINS OF GROUP A STREPTOCOCCI (1965)

The relationship of the streptococcal hemolysin which is recognized on incubation of RBC with streptococcal cells (cell-bound hemolysin, CBH), to RNA hemolysin, a representative of oxygen-stable hemolysin (streptolysin S) has been studied. A number of similarities have been found in the conditions for optimal production of each of these hemolysins, a requirement for cysteine, Mg(++), and glucose; maximal production by streptococci in the stationary phase; similar curves of pH-dependence. In both systems, the production of hemolysin was inhibited by certain antibiotics, by ultraviolet irradiation, and by sonic disruption and was absent in the same streptococcal mutant strain. The hemolytic activity of both systems was inhibited by lecithin, trypan blue, and papain. Similarities were also found in relative susceptibilities to the two hemolytic systems of erythrocytes of a number of animal species. These data support a suggestion advanced in an earlier study that a streptococcal hemolytic moiety, which can be induced by, and carried on, a number of diverse agents to comprise the group of oxygen-stable hemolysins, serves, in its original attachment to a component of the streptococcal cell, to produce the hemolytic effect recognized as the cell-bound hemolysin.
Detection of Single-Copy Sequences with Digoxigenin-Labeled Probes in a Complex Plant Genome After Separation on Pulsed-Field Gels (1996)

In recent years, the application of rare cutting restriction enzymes, the separation of resulting DNA fragments on pulsed-field gels and the subsequent Southern blot analysis using radioactively labeled probes have been standard laboratory methods to create long-range physical maps of complex genomes. The disadvantages of this technology are the hazardous handling risks when working with radioactivity and long exposure times. In this paper, we describe the use of nonradioactively labeled probes for single-copy sequence detection in a complex plant genome after pulsed-field electrophoretic separation of DNA fragments in the Mbp range. The approach avoids the use of radioactivity and also reduces the exposure time from one to seven days to approximately 2-3 h.
Activation of non-canonical WNT signaling in human visceral adipose tissue contributes to local and systemic inflammation (2017)

The accumulation of visceral adiposity is strongly associated with systemic inflammation and increased cardiometabolic risk. WNT5A, a non-canonical WNT ligand, has been shown to promote adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance in animal studies. Among other non-canonical pathways, WNT5A activates planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling. The current study investigated the potential contribution of non-canonical WNT5A/PCP signaling to visceral adipose tissue (VAT) inflammation and associated metabolic dysfunction in individuals with obesity. VAT and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) samples obtained from subjects undergoing bariatric surgery were analyzed by qRT-PCR for expression of WNT/PCP genes. In vitro experiments were conducted with preadipocytes isolated from VAT and SAT biopsies. The expression of 23 out of 33 PCP genes was enriched in VAT compared to SAT. Strong positive expression correlations of individual PCP genes were observed in VAT. WNT5A expression in VAT, but not in SAT, correlated with indexes of JNK signaling activity, IL6, waist-to-hip ratio and hsCRP. In vitro, WNT5A promoted the expression of IL6 in human preadipocytes. In conclusion, elevated non-canonical WNT5A signaling in VAT contributes to the exacerbated IL-6 production in this depot and the low-grade systemic inflammation typically associated with visceral adiposity.
Photoregulated assembly/disassembly of DNA‐templated protein arrays using modified oligonucleotide carrying azobenzene side chains (2010)

Abstract DNA‐templated self‐assembly of nanomaterials provides great potential for applications including biosensors, nanoelectronics, and programmable and autonomous molecular machines. To switch or regulate the activities of those nanobiotechnological devices, non‐invasive methods to assemble and disassemble specific nanoscale components are needed. Here, we describe photocontrol of assembly of DNA‐templated protein arrays in solution, by using photo‐controlled duplex formation of oligonucleotides carrying azobenzene. As a proof of concept prototype, we designed a one‐dimensional protein array system that consists of a scaffold of DNA and two kinds of anchor DNA that were conjugated with fluorescent proteins (CFP and YFP, respectively). The scaffold DNA was modified to carry multiple azobenzene side chains so that the hybridization involving the scaffold DNA is regulated by photoirradiation through conformational changes of the azobenzene moieties. Melting temperatures of duplex made of the modified DNA scaffold and an anchor oligonucleotide were shifted significantly and reversibly by UV and visible photoirradiation (difference of T m was 34.8°C in 150 mM potassium acetate). Measurements of Förster resonance energy transfer between CFP and YFP showed that the assembly of the protein array system was also changed by photoirradiation. Such non‐invasive and reversible method to control assembly/disassembly of multiple, specific proteins in a DNA‐templated protein array system would provide many functions for nanobiotechnological devices such as on/off switches and the ability to change the configuration reversibly. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010; 106: 1–8. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Zero-shot learning of intent embeddings for expansion by convolutional deep structured semantic models (2016)

The recent surge of intelligent personal assistants motivates spoken language understanding of dialogue systems. However, the domain constraint along with the inflexible intent schema remains a big issue. This paper focuses on the task of intent expansion, which helps remove the domain limit and make an intent schema flexible. A con-volutional deep structured semantic model (CDSSM) is applied to jointly learn the representations for human intents and associated utterances. Then it can flexibly generate new intent embeddings without the need of training samples and model-retraining, which bridges the semantic relation between seen and unseen intents and further performs more robust results. Experiments show that CDSSM is capable of performing zero-shot learning effectively, e.g. generating embeddings of previously unseen intents, and therefore expand to new intents without re-training, and outperforms other semantic embeddings. The discussion and analysis of experiments provide a future direction for reducing human effort about annotating data and removing the domain constraint in spoken dialogue systems.
A multi-omics analysis of glioma chemoresistance using a hybrid microphysiological model of glioblastoma (2022)

Abstract Chemoresistance is a major clinical challenge in the management of glioblastoma (GBM) Temozolomide (TMZ) is the chemotherapeutic drug of choice for GBM; however, the therapeutic effect of TMZ is limited due to the development of resistance. Recapitulating GBM chemoresistance in a controlled environment is thus essential in understanding the mechanism of chemoresistance. Herein, we present a hybrid microphysiological model of chemoresistant GBM-on-a-chip (HGoC) by directly co-culturing TMZ-resistant GBM spheroids with healthy neurons to mimic the microenvironment of both the tumor and the surrounding healthy tissue. We characterized the model with proteomics, lipidomics, and secretome assays. The results showed that our artificial model recapitulated the molecular signatures of recurrent GBM in humans. Both showed alterations in vesicular transport and cholesterol pathways, mitotic quiescence, and a switch in metabolism to oxidative phosphorylation associated with a transition from mesenchymal to amoeboid. This is the first report to unravel the interplay of all these molecular changes as a mechanism of chemoresistance in glioblastoma. Moreover, we have shown that the acquisition of resistance increases invasiveness and the presence of neurons decreases this property.
Synthesis of immunoglobulin by substrate attached mouse myeloma cells (1976)

Cultured mouse myeloma cells grow in suspension and synthesize and secrete large amounts of immunoglobulin. Mouse myeloma cells which attach to a plastic substratum have been obtained by mutagenesis and subsequent selection. Normal mouse myeloma cells will also attach to plastic tissue culture dishes pre-treated with poly-L-lysine. The attached cells synthesize and secrete the same large amounts of immunoglobulin as the suspended cells.
Object detection networks and augmented reality for cellular detection in fluorescence microscopy (2020)

Object detection networks are high-performance algorithms famously applied to the task of identifying and localizing objects in photography images. We demonstrate their application for the classification and localization of cells in fluorescence microscopy by benchmarking four leading object detection algorithms across multiple challenging 2D microscopy datasets. Furthermore we develop and demonstrate an algorithm that can localize and image cells in 3D, in close to real time, at the microscope using widely available and inexpensive hardware. Furthermore, we exploit the fast processing of these networks and develop a simple and effective augmented reality (AR) system for fluorescence microscopy systems using a display screen and back-projection onto the eyepiece. We show that it is possible to achieve very high classification accuracy using datasets with as few as 26 images present. Using our approach, it is possible for relatively nonskilled users to automate detection of cell classes with a variety of appearances and enable new avenues for automation of fluorescence microscopy acquisition pipelines.
Learning A Personalized Generative Prior For Face Images (2022)

No abstract available.
A study of rate-based credit flow control mechanism between IP network and ATM network (2002)

This paper investigate an rate-based credit adaptation (RBCA) algorithm for congestion control in the interworking system between the IP network and ATM network. When the IP network and ATM network are interworked together, it is difficult to control traffic flows between end-to-end terminals since there are crucial mismatches between rate-based control and window-based control. We resolve this problem by the receiver's window modification at the edge router. The proposed interworking model using RBCA is analyzed by simulations with various traffic scenarios. The performance of the proposed algorithm are shown by fairness, optimized link utilization, least occurrence of overflow/underflow for buffer occupancy, and robustness.
An efficient image representation for multiscale analysis (1987)

In order to analyze an image, one needs to separate the signal changes occurring at different scales because they often corresponds to distinct physical structures. Since Rosenfeld’s 6 work, people have tried to solve this problem by analyzing the image at several resolutions. They reproduce the image at different scales, process each of these and eventually infer some interesting information by comparing the outputs. In such an approach one increases the volume of data. This is computationally and conceptually inefficient. Indeed, after processing an image at a certain scale we are only concerned with the supplement of information available at a bigger scale and we do not need to reprocess the redundant details. With a new mathematical model, we will show how to extract this information and isolate the signal changes occurring at the different scales. It will enable us to build a convenient and efficient image representation for multiscale analysis.
Structural design and resin drainage characteristics of QuickCast 2.0 (2001)

Describes how a set of criteria for the design of build structures that allow the successful autoclaving and subsequent investment casting of stereolithography models have been developed. Details of the background research are presented along with a new design of internal build structure that allows stereolithography models to be used as sacrificial patterns in the investment casting process. Further work into the characteristics of draining uncured resin from parts built in the new structure is also presented.
Laser Patterning Pretreatment before Thermal Spraying: A Technique to Adapt and Control the Surface Topography to Thermomechanical Loading and Materials (2015)

Coating characteristics are highly dependent on substrate preparation and spray parameters. Hence, the surface must be adapted mechanically and physicochemically to favor coating–substrate adhesion. Conventional surface preparation methods such as grit blasting are limited by surface embrittlement and produce large plastic deformations throughout the surface, resulting in compressive stress and potential cracks. Among all such methods, laser patterning is suitable to prepare the surface of sensitive materials. No embedded grit particles can be observed, and high-quality coatings are obtained. Finally, laser surface patterning adapts the impacted surface, creating large anchoring area. Optimized surface topographies can then be elaborated according to the material as well as the application. The objective of this study is to compare the adhesive bond strength between two surface preparation methods, namely grit blasting and laser surface patterning, for two material couples used in aerospace applications: 2017 aluminum alloy and AISI 304L stainless steel coated with NiAl and YSZ, respectively. Laser patterning significantly increases adherence values for similar contact area due to mixed-mode (cohesive and adhesive) failure. The coating is locked in the pattern.
Energy Efficient Data Center (2012)

Abstract In this article we describe the application of physical analytics to manage optimally energy consumption of a data center (DC). In its core the solution leverages the intelligent co-management of IT workloads and the physical infrastructure of the DC. Specifically, we demonstrate workload dependent control using real-time data such as temperature, pressure, humidity and power consumption. The data is used to build specific and comprehensive models, which enables operators to either control the cooling resources or alternatively to place the IT workloads for optimum energy usage.
Bioinspired Interface Engineering for Moisture Resistance in Nacre-Mimetic Cellulose Nanofibrils/Clay Nanocomposites (2017)

The interfacial adhesion design between "mortar" and "bricks" is essential for mechanical and barrier performance of nanocellulose-based nacre-mimetic nanocomposites, especially at high moisture conditions. To address this fundamental challenge, dopamine (DA) has been conjugated to cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and subsequently assembled with montmorillonite (MTM) to generate layered nanocomposite films inspired by the strong adhesion of mussel adhesive proteins to inorganic surfaces under water. The selective formation of catechol/metal ion chelation and hydrogen bonding at the interface between MTM platelets and CNFs bearing DA renders transparent films with strong mechanical properties, particularly at high humidity and in wet state. Increasing the amount of conjugated DA on CNFs results in nanocomposites with increased tensile strength and modulus, up to 57.4 MPa and 1.1 GPa, respectively, after the films are swollen in water. The nanocomposites also show excellent gas barrier properties at high relative humidity (95%), complementing the multifunctional property profile.
HAMR Recording Limitations and Extendibility (2013)

Heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) limitations and extendibility are studied in light of the recent 1.0 Tb/in <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> technology demonstration. The paper examines HAMR specific technology challenges, including switching field distributions at elevated temperature, saturation noise, and near-field transducer (NFT) thermal spot-size limits. While current HAMR recording density ( ~ 1 Tb/in <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) is limited by switching field distribution and thermal spot size, ultimate HAMR density (up to 5 Tb/in <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) is determined by achievable recording-layer magnetic anisotropy and grain size.
Effect of gonadectomy on epidermal growth factor values in the gastrointestinal tract of male and female CD-1 mice. (1995)

The effects of gonadectomy on the epidermal growth factor (EGF) concentrations in the gastrointestinal tract of CD-1 mice were studied. The EGF concentrations in the gastrointestinal tissues were always higher in males than in females. Gonadectomy led to a decrease in the EGF concentration in males, and an increase in females. Gonadectomy with sialoadenectomy led to a decrease in the EGF concentrations in the gastrointestinal tract of both sexes; the most significant effect being observed in the stomach. Orchidectomy led to a decrease in total body weight, and to a significant decrease in the weight and the protein concentration (ng.g-1 wet weight of tissue) of the submandibular gland, but had no significant effect on the other tissues of the gastrointestinal tract of male mice. Body, tissue weights, and protein concentrations did not change with oophorectomy. This study shows that male and female gonads have a profound effect on the EGF content of the tissues of the gastrointestinal tract and suggests that the submandibular gland also influences the EGF concentration in gastrointestinal tissues in mice.
Signed Network Embedding in Social Media (2017)

Network embedding is to learn low-dimensional vector representations for nodes of a given social network, facilitating many tasks in social network analysis such as link prediction. The vast majority of existing embedding algorithms are designed for unsigned social networks or social networks with only positive links. However, networks in social media could have both positive and negative links, and little work exists for signed social networks. From recent findings of signed network analysis, it is evident that negative links have distinct properties and added value besides positive links, which brings about both challenges and opportunities for signed network embedding. In this paper, we propose a deep learning framework SiNE for signed network embedding. The framework optimizes an objective function guided by social theories that provide a fundamental understanding of signed social networks. Experimental results on two real-world datasets of social media demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework SiNE.