gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interplay of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation in vision: protein phosphatases of bovine rod outer segments (1989)

Two types of protein phosphatases were identified in carefully prepared bovine rod outer segments (ROS). Extraction of the ROS with a medium-salt buffer solubilized protein phosphatase activity that was mainly type 2A, since it was active toward phosphorylase a in the absence of divalent cations, was not retained by heparin-Sepharose, dephosphorylated the alpha-subunit of phosphorylase kinase faster that the beta-subunit, and was unaffected by inhibitor 2. Further extraction of the resulting membranes with a high-salt buffer solubilized additional phosphatase activity which was predominantly type 1, since it was retained by heparin-Sepharose and was blocked by inhibitor 2. The molecular mass of the type 2A phosphatase estimated by gel permeation chromatography on Superose 12 was 100 kDa, suggesting it may be the 2A2 form. Only the ROS type 2A phosphatase dephosphorylated opsin and rhodopsin efficiently. Concordant with this finding, the purified catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A from rabbit skeletal muscle dephosphorylated opsin efficiently, while the type 1 catalytic subunit isolated from this tissue was inactive. Together, the results suggest that the ROS type 2A protein phosphatase plays an important role in regenerating rhodopsin from the various phosphorylated species in vivo. The activity of the enzyme per retina (approximately 85 pmol of Pi released/min) is comparable to that of rhodopsin kinase (100 pmol of phosphate transferred/min).
Cisplatin ototoxicity, increased DPOAE amplitudes, and magnesium deficiency. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions. (2000)

Outer hair cell (OHC) metabolism is blocked by cisplatin. Concurrent changes in the renal handling of magnesium occur because of the damage cisplatin causes to the renal proximal tubule cells within the thick ascending loop of Henle. Although there is no evidence of cisplatin within the OHCs, there are significant levels of intracellular calcium, the antagonist to magnesium at the cell membrane. The OHC motile response is dependent on intracellular calcium. When the calcium current is suppressed by an antagonist, the extracellular OHC microphonic potential decreases. Magnesium deficiency is known to produce hyperexcitability within the central nervous system, including fatal audiogenic seizures. In addition, increases in the amplitude of the auditory brainstem response wave V occur with aminoglycoside therapy and magnesium deficiency. This paper illustrates the amplitude growth of distortion product otoacoustic emissions in two patients treated with cisplatin and explores the possible underlying reasons why this may be related to magnesium metabolism.
Towards label-free evaluation of oxidative stress in human skin exposed to sun filters (Conference Presentation) (2016)

Skin cancer, including basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma, is the most common form of cancer in North America. Paradoxically, skin cancer incidence is steadily on the rise even despite the growing use of sunscreens over the past decades. One potential explanation for this discrepancy involves the sun filters in sunscreen, which are responsible for blocking harmful ultraviolet radiation. It is proposed that these agents may produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the site of application, thereby generating oxidative stress in skin that gives rise to genetic mutations, which may explain the rising incidence of skin cancer. To test this hypothesis, ex vivo human skin was treated with five common chemical sun filters (avobenzone, octocrylene, homosalate, octisalate, and oxybenzone) as well as two physical sun filters (zinc oxide compounds), both with and without UV irradiation. To non-invasively evaluate oxidative stress, two-photon excitation fluorescence (2PEF) and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) of the skin samples were used to monitor levels of NADH and FAD, two key cofactors in cellular redox metabolism. The relative redox state of the skin was assessed based on the fluorescence intensities and lifetimes of these endogenous cofactors. While the sun filters were indeed shown to have a protective effect from UV radiation, it was observed that they also generate oxidative stress in skin, even in the absence of UV light. These results suggest that sun filter induced ROS production requires more careful study, especially in how these reactive species impact the rise of skin cancer.
Perkin 1 Abstracts: Natural Product Synthesis (2001)

A. Gunn, J. E. Milne, M. de Puit and D. McArthur, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 2001, 9-xxi DOI: 10.1039/B102281B
Poisoning deaths in Poland: Types and frequencies reported in Łódź, Kraków, Sosnowiec, Gdańsk, Wrocław and Poznań during 2009–2013 (2017)

Epidemiological profile data from investigation of poisoning deaths in Poland may be very useful for the development of preventive programs. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(6):897-908.
Photo-driven nano-impellers and nanovalves for on-command drug release (2010)

Three types of photo-responsive nano-architectures -nano-gatekeepers, nanovalves and nanoimpellers- were synthesized based on azobenzene derivatives tethered in and on mesporous silica nanoparticles. The light responsive nature of these materials enables them to be externally controlled such that transport of the cargo molecules from mesopores can be regulated. In particular, nanoimpellers have shown to successfully release anti-cancer drug, camptothecin, upon photoactivation and ultimately led to cell apoptosis.
SDF2L1, a Component of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone Complex, Differentially Interacts with α-, β-, and θ-Defensin Propeptides (2008)

Mammalian defensins are cationic antimicrobial peptides that play a central role in host innate immunity and as regulators of acquired immunity. In animals, three structural defensin subfamilies, designated as alpha, beta, and , have been characterized, each possessing a distinctive tridisulfide motif. Mature alpha- and beta-defensins are produced by simple proteolytic processing of their prepropeptide precursors. In contrast, the macrocyclic -defensins are formed by the head-to-tail splicing of nonapeptides excised from a pair of prepropeptide precursors. Thus, elucidation of the -defensin biosynthetic pathway provides an opportunity to identify novel factors involved in this unique process. We incorporated the -defensin precursor, proRTD1a, into a bait construct for a yeast two-hybrid screen that identified rhesus macaque stromal cell-derived factor 2-like protein 1 (SDF2L1), as an interactor. SDF2L1 is a component of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone complex, which we found to also interact with alpha- and beta-defensins. However, analysis of the SDF2L1 domain requirements for binding of representative alpha-, beta-, and -defensins revealed that alpha- and beta-defensins bind SDF2L1 similarly, but differently from the interactions that mediate binding of SDF2L1 to pro--defensins. Thus, SDF2L1 is a factor involved in processing and/or sorting of all three defensin subfamilies.
SOFTWARE PLATFORM FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION AND DEPLOYMENT OF INDIVIDUALIZED SUBSCRIBER RESCUE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (2022)

Рассматриваются требования к технологиям разработки, развертывания и эксплуатации распределенных (облачных) программно -аппаратных систем, пригодныхдля обеспечения требований систем индивидуализированного управления спасением абонента (ИУСА). Предлагается в качестве основы для разработки и развертывания системы ИУСА использовать Технологическую платформу ИСП РАН. Описывается базовый состав Технологической платформы и приводятся примеры ее использования.
Effect of somatostatin analogue (octreotide) on blood flow to endocrine tumors metastatic to the liver: angiographic evaluation. (1990)

The effect of an octapeptide analogue of somatostatin, octreotide, on tumor blood flow was evaluated with angiography in eight patients with hepatic endocrine tumors; one patient had primary intrahepatic gastrinoma, two patients had hepatic metastases from gastrinomas, two patients had VIPomas (vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-secreting tumor), and three patients had carcinoid tumors. Octreotide caused a marked decrease in tumor blood flow in two patients with gastrinomas and two with VIPomas. One patient could not be evaluated due to the lack of a tumor blush on a control angiogram. In patients with carcinoid tumors, octreotide caused a slight reduction in blood flow through the tumors in two patients, while there was no change in one patient. Octreotide markedly decreased gastrin and gastric acid secretion in two of three patients with gastrinomas, lowered VIP and stopped the diarrhea in patients with VIPomas, and controlled symptoms in two of three patients with carcinoid tumors. The vasoactive effect of octreotide on hepatic endocrine tumors may be a direct action on tumor blood supply or secondary to inhibition of the endocrine tumor cell secretion and consequent decreased blood flow.
SPHERICAL-HARMONICS METHOD FOR NEUTRON-TRANSPORT PROBLEMS IN CYLINDRICAL GEOMETRY (1957)

The paper deals with the application of the spherical-harmonics method to systems with complete cylindrical symmetry, that is, to systems invariant under rotation around and translation parallel to an axis. Closed-form expressions are given in an arbitrary order of approximation both for the spherical-harmonics moments in terms of the constants of integration and, conversely, for the constants of integration in terms of the spherical-harmonics moments. This removes the need for numerical inversion of matrices and simplifies the treatment of multilayer problems.
Distinct genetic profiles of extracranial and intracranial acral melanoma metastases (2016)

We present the mutational differences between brain and cutaneous acral melanoma metastases in a patient with concomitant lesions. Further genetic and functional studies are needed to understand the biology of metastatic disease appearing at different sites.
ChemInform Abstract: Cascade Syntheses with Cumulated Phosphorus Ylides. An Easy Entry to Highly Functionalized N‐, O‐, and S‐Heterocycles (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Optimized outer volume suppression for single‐shot fast spin‐echo cardiac imaging (1998)

Among the ultrafast MRI techniques, the single-shot fast spin-echo sequence offers a robust alternative to echo planar imaging, essentially because of a much reduced sensitivity to B0 inhomogeneity. This property is particularly appealing in situations in which B0 inhomogeneities can be severe and difficult to correct, such as in cardiac imaging. With single-shot cardiac imaging, however, achieving high resolution over the necessarily large field of views without introducing back-folding artifacts is problematic. One option is to use multishot sequences. However, then issues related to cardiac gating arise. Another solution is to use, optimized presaturation slabs with quadratic phase pulses generated by the Shinnar-LeRoux algorithm. These can be set to reduce the field of view in the phase-encoding direction, resulting in a reduction in the number of phase-encoding steps. For instance, for a 1 x 2-mm spatial resolution, over a rectangular, 250 x 125-mm field of view, and using a half Fourier acquisition, an echo-train length of only 40 is required. With a 4.5-msec echo spacing, the total imaging time is approximately 180 msec. The efficacy of this solution on phantoms and volunteers is demonstrated. Multislice short-axis examinations of the whole heart, realized within a single short breath-hold of approximately 10 seconds, are shown. The possibility of investigating not only cardiac anatomy but also both contractility and myocardial perfusion is discussed.
Improved Performance of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 With Electrolytes Containing 1,3,5-Trihydroxybenzene (2013)

Abstract not Available.
Rational Ligand Design Enables pH Control over Aqueous Iron Magnetostructural Dynamics and Relaxometric Properties (2020)

Complexes of Fe<sup>3+</sup> engage in rich aqueous solution speciation chemistry in which discrete molecules can react with solvent water to form multinuclear μ-oxo and μ-hydroxide bridged species. Here we demonstrate how pH- and concentration-dependent equilibration between monomeric and μ-oxo-bridged dimeric Fe<sup>3+</sup> complexes can be controlled through judicious ligand design. We purposed this chemistry to develop a first-in-class Fe<sup>3+</sup>-based MR imaging probe, Fe-PyCy2AI, that undergoes relaxivity change via pH-mediated control of monomer vs dimer speciation. The monomeric complex exists in a <i>S</i> = 5/2 configuration capable of inducing efficient <i>T</i><sub>1</sub>-relaxation, whereas the antiferromagnetically coupled dimeric complex is a much weaker relaxation agent. The mechanisms underpinning the pH dependence on relaxivity were interrogated by using a combination of pH potentiometry, <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>17</sup>O relaxometry, electronic absorption spectroscopy, bulk magnetic susceptibility, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography measurements. Taken together, the data demonstrate that PyCy2AI forms a ternary complex with high-spin Fe<sup>3+</sup> and a rapidly exchanging water coligand, [Fe(PyCy2AI)(H<sub>2</sub>O)]<sup>+</sup> (<b>ML</b>), which can deprotonate to form the high-spin complex [Fe(PyCy2AI)(OH)] (<b>ML(OH)</b>). Under titration conditions of 7 mM Fe complex, water coligand deprotonation occurs with an apparent p<i>K</i><sub>a</sub> 6.46. Complex <b>ML(OH)</b> dimerizes to form the antiferromagnetically coupled dimeric complex [(Fe(PyCy2AI))<sub>2</sub>O] (<b>(ML)</b><sub><b>2</b></sub><b>O</b>) with an association constant (<i>K</i><sub>a</sub>) of 5.3 ± 2.2 mM<sup>-1</sup>. The relaxivity of the monomeric complexes are between 7- and 18-fold greater than the antiferromagnetically coupled dimer at applied field strengths ranging between 1.4 and 11.7 T. <b>ML(OH)</b> and <b>(ML)</b><sub><b>2</b></sub><b>O</b> interconvert rapidly within the pH 6.0-7.4 range that is relevant to human pathophysiology, resulting in substantial observed relaxivity change. Controlling Fe<sup>3+</sup> μ-oxo bridging interactions through rational ligand design and in response to local chemical environment offers a robust mechanism for biochemically responsive MR signal modulation.
Innovative architecture for dual-band WLAN and MIMO frontend module based on a single pole, three throw switch-plexer (2009)

An innovative architecture for a dual-band front-end module (FEM) for WiFi and MIMO radios is presented. The FEM consists of a dual-band power amplifier and a SP3T switch-plexer. The SP3T switch-plexer has a SP3T switch and an integrated Rx diplexer. Tx switch paths show 0.1 dB compression at > 33.5 dBm with <1 dB insertion loss (IL) along with > 18 dB isolation. Rx switch/diplexer path has < 2.0 dB IL for both bands. The band selectivity is > 15 dB. These qualities simplify the construction of dual-band FEM by reducing assembly complexity and post PA loss resulting in a high band performance of 3% EVM at 18 dBm output and < -50 dBm/MHz harmonic emissions in a 4 times 4 mm package.
Rabi Oscillations of Excitons in Single Quantum Dots (2001)

Transient nonlinear optical spectroscopy, performed on excitons confined to single GaAs quantum dots, shows oscillations that are analogous to Rabi oscillations in two-level atomic systems. This demonstration corresponds to a one-qubit rotation in a single quantum dot which is important for proposals using quantum dot excitons for quantum computing. The dipole moment inferred from the data is consistent with that directly obtained from linear absorption studies. The measurement extends the artificial atom model of quantum dot excitonic transitions into the strong-field limit, and makes possible full coherent optical control of the quantum state of single excitons using optical pi pulses.
Electrophilic additions to allenes. IV. Concerning the nature of the ortho-nitro group effect in the reaction of arenesulphenyl chlorides with allenes (1980)

The reactions of twelve arenesulphenyl chlorides, five of which contained an ortho-nitro substituent, with ten 1,3-disubstituted allenes, using methylene chloride as solvent, are described. No evidence for a special ortho-nitro group effect involving a spirosulphurane type intermediate is observed. Variations in the chemoselectivity and configurational-selectivity of the additions are interpreted in terms of steric interactions in the product determining transition state.
Novel Highly Efficient/Compact Automotive PCB Winding Inductors Based on the Compensating Air-Gap Fringing Field Concept (2020)

The design of power electronic converters is subject to extreme cost pressure, especially in the automotive sector. Consequently, each component needs to be optimized regarding material and manufacturing cost. The latter is especially important for magnetic components, as the expensive wire-wrapping process has a significant impact on the overall production costs. In this article, a new inductor concept is proposed, where the winding is directly integrated into the printed circuit board (PCB), while at the same time the usually large high-frequency conduction losses are mitigated. This is achieved by using the fringing field around a single air gap or several (distributed) air gaps for compensating the adverse magnetic skin and proximity fields within the winding. Consequently, low ac to dc resistance ratios are achieved and the required copper cross-section of the winding can effectively be reduced. Furthermore, a thermal model for the printed circuit board winding is derived, which allows for designing PCB windings close to the thermal limit, and therefore inductors with very high power densities are obtained. Finally, the findings of this article are verified by experimental measurements and a simplified design sequence is described.
Orientation and Mg Incorporation of Calcite Grown on Functionalized Self-Assembled Monolayers:  A Synchrotron X-ray Study (2005)

Calcite crystals were nucleated from MgCl2/CaCl2 solutions onto functionalized self-assembled monolayers adsorbed onto E-beam evaporated Au films. Synchrotron X-ray scattering studies of the crystals reveal new information about preferred orientation and Mg incorporation. The Au [111] axis is distributed within 2.6° of the film surface normal, but the oriented crystals may be tilted up to 6° away from this axis. For low Mg2+ content, SO3--functionalized films nucleated primarily near the (106) calcite face, odd-chain-length carboxylic acid terminated alkanethiol films nucleated near the (012) face, and even-chain-length carboxylic acid terminated alkanethiol films nucleated near the (113) face. [Mg2+]/[Ca2+] concentration ratios (n) of 2 and greater defeated this preferred orientation and created a powder texture. Diffraction patterns within the layer plane from the coarse calcite powders indicated a shift to higher 2θ accompanied by peak broadening with increasing n. For 0.5 < n < 3.5, a double set of calcite peaks is observed, showing that two distinct Mg calcite phases form: one of comparatively lower Mg content, derived from the templated crystals, and a Mg-rich phase derived from amorphous precursor particles. According to the refinement of lattice parameters, Mg incorporation of up to 18 mol % occurs for n = 4, independent of film functionality. We discuss the differences between the differently functionalized monolayers and also introduce the hypothesis that two separate routes to Mg calcite formation occur in this system.
Near-Infrared-II Photodetectors Based on Silver Selenide Quantum Dots on Mesoporous TiO2 Scaffolds (2020)

Biosensing applications are driving an increase in demand for low-cost photodetectors with sensitivity between 1000 and 1400 nm. Recently, the sensitivity of Ag2Se colloidal quantum dot based devices in this wavelength range has been observed. In this work we make the first demonstration of an Ag2Se photodiode device with sensitivity in this entire range. By employing secondary phosphine to elevate the precursor reactivity, we achieved accurate size control of the Ag2Se nanocrystals with a distinct excitonic absorption peak. These nanocrystals were deposited from solution into a mesoporous TiO2 scaffold, similar to that used in dye-sensitized solar cells, to increase the light absorption and charge separation and reduce the exciton diffusion length. By incorporation of a suitable hole-transporting layer between the active layer and Ag anode, the resulting devices showed a responsivity of 4.17 mA/W at a wavelength of 1200 nm. These results demonstrate that Ag2Se colloidal quantum dots offer a low-toxicity route for low-cost fabrication of near-infrared photodetectors.
Pulmonary venous flow and risk of cardiovascular disease in essential hypertension (2008)

Increased S/D or decreased E/A is associated with an increased cardiovascular disease risk, and the combination of high S/D and low E/A may be a powerful predictor of cardiovascular disease in essential hypertension. Pulmonary venous flow evaluation may provide clinically important prognostic information in patients with essential hypertension.
Towards designing better map interfaces for the mobile (2010)

Creating user friendly map interfaces for the mobile platform presents several challenges that are uniquely different from those of their desktop counterparts. High resolution, photo realistic maps can now be displayed on mobile phones. While these graphics are visually pleasing, they do impact the user's cognitive load. Further, small displays and limited interaction capabilities often make mobile map-based systems difficult to design and frustrating to use. In this paper, we discuss lessons learnt from designing and implementing mobile map interfaces through two examples: tourist maps and traffic maps. In particular, we discuss the rendering, user interaction, and system adaptations required for these mobile map interfaces.
Tasquinimod prevents the angiogenic rebound induced by fractionated radiation resulting in an enhanced therapeutic response of prostate cancer xenografts (2011)

Based upon cell culture studies and tumor tissue oxygenation (i.e., pO(2)), tumor vascular volume, and tumor blood vessel density measurements, the mechanism for such enhancement and optimal timing involves tasquinimod's ability to prevent the angiogenic rebound induced by fractionated radiation.