gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Miscibility Variation in Compositionally Grading Reservoirs (1998)

Abstract Minimimum miscibility conditions of pressure and enrichment (MMP/MME) have been computed using an equation of state (EOS) for a number of reservoir fluid systems exhibiting a compositional gradient with depth due to gravity/chemical equilibrium. MMP/MME conditions are calculated using a multicell algorithm developed by Aaron Zick, where the condensing/vaporizing (C/V) mechanism of developed miscibility is used as the true measure of minimum miscibility conditions, when it exists. The Zick algorithm is verified by detailed 1D "slimtube" simulations with elimination of numerical dispersion. The miscibility conditions based on the traditional vaporizing gas drive (VGD) mechanism are also given for the sake of comparison, where it is typically found that this mechanism overpredicts conditions of miscibility. Significant variations in MMP and MME with depth exist for reservoirs with typical compositional gradients, and particularly for near-critical oil reservoirs and gas condensate reservoirs where the C/V mechanism exists. An important practical implication of these results is that miscibile displacement in gas condensate reservoirs can be achieved far below the initial dewpoint pressure. The requirement is that the injection gas (slug) be enriched somewhat beyond a typical separator gas composition and that the C/V miscibility mechanism exist. This behavior results in many more gas condensate reservoirs being viable candidates for miscible gas cycling than previously assumed, and at cycling conditions with lower cost requirements (i.e. lower pressures) and greater operational flexibility (e.g. cycling only during summer months).
Catalysis in Water: A Viable Alternative for Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Syntheses of fluorooxindole and 2-fluoro-2-arylacetic acid derivatives from diethyl 2-fluoromalonate ester (2014)

Diethyl 2-fluoromalonate ester is utilised as a building block for the synthesis of 2-fluoro-2-arylacetic acid and fluorooxindole derivatives by a strategy involving nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions with ortho-fluoronitrobenzene substrates followed by decarboxylation, esterification and reductive cyclisation processes.
Synthesis of Artificially Bent Oligonucleotides by Incorporation of Conformationally Rigid 5′-Cyclouridylic Acid Derivatives (1999)

Abstract This paper describes the design and synthesis of a conformationally rigid dimer building block Umpc3Um having a propylene bridge linked between the uracil 5-position and 5′-phosphate group of pUm. Oligonucleotides incorporating the dimer unit with either the Sp or Rp configuration were synthesized by use of the phosphoramidite approach. The conformational properties of the dimer units and these oligonucleotides were studied in detail.
Optimization of polynomial system solvers with applications to visual odometry (2012)

Efficient solutions to polynomial equation systems is an important topic in modern geometric computer vision. The importance stems from the fact that many minimal problems (problems that use the fewest possible number of constraints) have been formulated as polynomial systems in recent years. Minimal problems are extremely important in geometric computer vision because they guarantee the highest probability of rejecting outliers when used with robust estimation frameworks such as RANSAC. However, since many instances of the same minimal problem have to be solved in a typical live vision system, efficient solutions are paramount to reaping full benefit from their solutions. The goal of this work is to solve new and useful minimal geometry problems as well as advance the theory behind the solution methods. New solutions to two such minimal problems are offered and a new development in optimizing solutions for a class of problems using the so-called method is also presented. The first minimal problem that is solved is the structure from motion with a directional correspondence, where image projections of three 3D points in two cameras are combined with a common direction or a point at infinity to solve for camera motion. This algorithm can be solved in closed form or using algebraic geometry and becomes a foundation of a visual odometry algorithm that uses a four-point RANSAC hypothesis to estimate motion instead of the traditional five. The second minimal problem uses 3D point to plane correspondences to establish the motion between two coordinate systems and targets the problem of LIDAR to camera calibration. A set of six correspondence of image line (a plane in 3D) to LIDAR points is sufficient to estimate the relative pose of the devices, including scale. This problem can be solved in closed form using the Macaulay resultant, and becomes the basis for construction of automatic calibration software. The proposed optimization to the action matrix method leads to an improvement in performance and numerical stability of existing algorithms, such as uncalibrated image stitching and three-view triangulation.
Book Reviews (1994)

Book Reviews Get access Signs of Life: The Language and Meanings of DNA, by Pollack Robert, 224 pp, $19.45, ISBN 0-395-64498-4, New York, NY, Houghton Mifflin, 1994.DNA Topology, by Bates Andrew D.Maxwell Anthony, 114pp, $15.95, ISBN 0-19-963349-5, Oxford University Press, New York, NY, 1993.A Study Guide of Clinical Hematology: Theory and Practice, by Hudson Janice L.Bunting Robert F.Jr, 254 pp, $21.95, ISBN 0-8036-4604-6, P hiladelphia, Pa, FA Davis Co, 1994. Henry C. Lee, MT(ASCP)DLM, Henry C. Lee, MT(ASCP)DLM Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Robert M. Umek, PhD, Robert M. Umek, PhD Assistant Professor Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Donald P. Skoog, MD Donald P. Skoog, MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Laboratory Medicine, Volume 25, Issue 10, 1 October 1994, Pages 679–680, https://doi.org/10.1093/labmed/25.10.679 Published: 01 October 1994
Frequency jitter control of a multiple pick-up Bidirectional Inductive Power Transfer system (2013)

Bidirectional Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) systems are high order resonant circuits and require relatively sophisticated control strategies to regulate the power flow. The control of multi-pick-up IPT systems is more challenging as the order and complexity of the system increase with number of pick-ups. This paper proposes a new controller to regulate the power flow in both directions in multi-pick-up bidirectional IPT systems. The proposed controller utilises frequency jitter to control the power flow. The controller enables operation at tuned frequency over the entire load range, minimising the VA ratings of converters and eliminating the need for any direct communication. The validity of the jitter control concept is demonstrated through simulated results of a 4 kW bidirectional IPT system with 3 pick-ups (loads).
Supercharged Technique in TRAM flap Breast Reconstruction (2010)

Purpose: When reconstruction for patients who have the large contralateral breast or a following large defect after mastectomy is required, conventional pedicled TRAM flap shows the unpredictable occurrence of fat necrosis and skin flap loss in a relatively high percentage due to insufficient blood supply. In an effort to obtain more stable TRAM flap blood circulation, we have performed a supercharged technique using deep inferior epigastric perforators (DIEP) with conventional pedicled TRAM flap. Methods: From September of 2006 to December of 2008, Fourteen supercharged TRAM flap were performed for breast reconstruction after modified radical mastectomy. The contralateral DIEP was anastomosed to the internal mammary vessels in contralateral pedicled TRAM flap or thoracodorsal vessels in ipsilateral pedicled TRAM flap. Nutrient vessels were selected by Multi-Detector Computed tomography (MD-CT) modalities. For the nutrient vessel, we used deep inferior epigastric vessels (DIEV) of the ipsilateral side in 8 patients, DIEV of the contralateral side in 6 patients. In addition, for the recipient vessel, we used thoracodorsal vessels in 8 patients, internal mammary vessels in 5 patients, intercostals artery perforators in 1 patient. Results: The mean age was 46.8 years and the average follow-up interval was 14 months. There were 11 immediate and 3 delayed breast reconstructions. Fat necrosis incidence rate in supercharged TRAM group was lower than in conventional TRAM flap group. There were no differences of the incidences of abdominal hernia in both groups. Conclusion: The supercharged TRAM flap produces an improvement in vascularity that permits use of all four zones of the flap. The breast reconstruction with supercharged technique is reliable and valuable methods which provide sufficient soft tissue from abdomen without significant complications.
Dielectric Screening of Excitons and Trions in Single-Layer MoS2 (2014)

Photoluminescence (PL) properties of single-layer MoS2 are indicated to have strong correlations with the surrounding dielectric environment. Blue shifts of up to 40 meV of exciton or trion PL peaks were observed as a function of the dielectric constant of the environment. These results can be explained by the dielectric screening effect of the Coulomb potential; based on this, a scaling relationship was developed with the extracted electronic band gap and exciton and trion binding energies in good agreement with theoretical estimations. It was also observed that the trion/exciton intensity ratio can be tuned by at least 1 order of magnitude with different dielectric environments. Our findings are helpful to better understand the tightly bound exciton properties in strongly quantum-confined systems and provide a simple approach to the selective and separate generation of excitons or trions with potential applications in excitonic interconnects and valleytronics.
Benzo-fused lactams from a diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS) library as inhibitors of scavenger receptor BI (SR-BI)-mediated lipid uptake (2015)

We report a new series of 8-membered benzo-fused lactams that inhibit cellular lipid uptake from HDL particles mediated by Scavenger Receptor, Class B, Type I (SR-BI). The series was identified via a high-throughput screen of the National Institutes of Health Molecular Libraries Small Molecule Repository (NIH MLSMR), measuring the transfer of the fluorescent lipid DiI from HDL particles to CHO cells overexpressing SR-BI. The series is part of a previously reported diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS) library prepared via a build-couple-pair approach. Detailed structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies were performed with a selection of the original library, as well as additional analogs prepared via solution phase synthesis. These studies demonstrate that the orientation of the substituents on the aliphatic ring have a critical effect on activity. Additionally, a lipophilic group is required at the western end of the molecule, and a northern hydroxyl group and a southern sulfonamide substituent also proved to be optimal. Compound 2p was found to possess a superior combination of potency (av IC50=0.10μM) and solubility (79μM in PBS), and it was designated as probe ML312.
Processing and rheological behavior of cross‐linked polyethylene containing disulfide bonds (2021)

Abstract Vitrimers are a new class of materials that consist of chemically cross‐linked networks that engage in thermoactivated associative exchange reactions. These exchange reactions can impart malleability, healing, and recyclability properties to thermosets. In this study, a one‐step protocol to prepare linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE) vitrimer‐like materials with disulfide exchange bonds via reactive blending is presented. The cross‐linking reaction of maleic anhydride‐grafted‐linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE‐MAH) and 4,4′‐dithiodianiline was followed in a torque rheometer. The degree of MAH‐functionalization and its impact on the melt rheology, dynamic mechanical properties, and thermal properties of the vitrimer was studied. The cross‐linked LLDPE possessed a mostly elastic behavior, with storage modulus () higher than loss modulus () in the entire frequency range. The complex viscosity of cross‐linked LLDPE at high frequencies (&gt;100 rad/s) was comparable to the thermoplastic LLDPE. The MAH‐groups and formation of cross‐links decreased the degree of crystallinity, which led to a decrease in the storage modulus at a temperature of 35°C. The storage modulus and dimensional stability of the materials improved with cross‐linking density, suggesting potential benefits of LLDPE vitrimers in secondary manufacturing processes. Finally, the reprocessing ability was demonstrated via internal mixing and the rheological and mechanical properties were retained.
Improved superconducting ceramics for high-current applications (1991)

The research described in this Report addresses the problem of low critical current densities in sintered high temperature superconductor (HTSC) ceramics. The principal causes of these low current densities are weak links at grain boundaries and microcracking during processing. The nature of the grain boundary chemistry and the causes of microcracking in the 90K superconductor YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7-x} (YBCO) were studied. It was shown that there is a direct correlation between oxygen uptake by YBCO and acoustic emission from sintered pellets. The effects of additives and grain alignment were also investigated. In the second phase of the Project, two different methods of steep temperature gradient (STG) processing were applied to supported HTSC thick films in order to produce textured microstructure. The texture results in low angle grain boundaries, which are associated with high critical current density. A method was developed for normal metal cladding of YBCO by thermocompression bonding of aluminum to an evaporated layer of silver previously bonded to the ceramic. The aluminum/YBCO composite has an acceptable interface resistivity and good adhesion during thermal cycling. Finally, an exploratory program produced a new (5K) oxide superconductor, Li{sub x}NbO{sub 2} (x {approx} 0.5). It is the first early transition metalmore » oxide superconductor with a layered structure, and represents a new class of superconducting oxide intercalation compounds. 69 refs., 30 figs., 2 tabs.« less
Quantifying the Association between Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Multiple Sclerosis in the UK Biobank (2023)

Objective PA summaries were significantly different and consistent with lower activity among study participants who had MS at the time of the accelerometry study. Among individuals who did not have MS, younger age, stroke history, and lower RA were significantly associated with a higher risk of a future MS diagnosis.
Growth and Thermodynamic Analysis of Atomic Layer Epitaxy of ZnSxSe1-x (1992)

ZnS x Se 1- x epitaxial layers have been grown by atomic layer epitaxy (ALE) for the first time, using elemental Zn, H 2 S and H 2 Se as source materials at atmospheric pressure. The high-crystalline-quality layer is obtained at a sulfur content of about 6%, where the epitaxial layer is closely lattice-matched to the GaAs substrate. The vapor-solid distribution relationship for the group VI elements is experimentally obtained. A thermodynamic model is developed for the ALE growth of ZnS x Se 1- x alloys. It is shown that the solid composition grown by atmospheric-pressure ALE is thermodynamically controlled.
Lithium ion assisted hydration of metal ions in non-aqueous sol–gel inks for high performance metal oxide thin-film transistors (2015)

Enhanced hydration lowers the dehydroxylation temperature of the sol–gel inks, resulting in high-performance metal oxide thin film transistors.
Flavonoid Glycosides Isolated from Unique Legume Plant Extracts as Novel Inhibitors of Xanthine Oxidase (2012)

Legumes and the polyphenolic compounds present in them have gained a lot of interest due to their beneficial health implications. Dietary polyphenolic compounds, especially flavonoids, exert antioxidant properties and are potent inhibitors of xanthine oxidase (XO) activity. XO is the main contributor of free radicals during exercise but it is also involved in pathogenesis of several diseases such as vascular disorders, cancer and gout. In order to discover new natural, dietary XO inhibitors, some polyphenolic fractions and pure compounds isolated from two legume plant extracts were tested for their effects on XO activity. The fractions isolated from both Vicia faba and Lotus edulis plant extracts were potent inhibitors of XO with IC(50) values range from 40-135 µg/mL and 55-260 µg/mL, respectively. All the pure polyphenolic compounds inhibited XO and their K(i) values ranged from 13-767 µM. Ten of the compounds followed the non competitive inhibitory model whereas one of them was a competitive inhibitor. These findings indicate that flavonoid isolates from legume plant extracts are novel, natural XO inhibitors. Their mode of action is under investigation in order to examine their potential in drug design for diseases related to overwhelming XO action.
Comparisons of the Distribution of Nucleotides and Common Sequences in Deoxyribonucleic Acid from Selected Bacteriophages (1972)

Results from comparisons of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from several classes of bacteriophages suggest that most phage chromosomes contain either a homogeneous distribution of nucleotides or are made up of a few, rather large segments of different quanine plus cytosine (G + C) contents which are internally homogeneous. Among those temperate phages tested, most contained segmented DNA. Comparisons of sequence similarities among segments from lambdoid phage DNA species revealed the following order in relatedness to lambda: 82 (and 434) > 21 > 424 > phi80. Most common sequences are found in the highest G + C segments, which in lambda contain head and tail genes. Hybridization tests with lambda and 186 or P2 DNA species verified that the lambdoids and 186 and P2 belong to two distinct groups. There are fewer homologous sequences between the DNA species of coliphages lambda and P2 or 186 than there are between the DNA species of coliphage lambda and salmonella phage P22.
Electromagnetic simulation of MEMS-controlled reflectarrays based on SCT in grid environment (2007)

The SCT-based simulation tool consists of a MATLAB code developed to run on a single machine in order to predict the phase-shift for all possible MEMS configurations. The 1024 configurations of a phase-shifter cell are obtained by the UP/DOWN positions of the 10 RF MEMS switches inserted in the slit of the 3 metallic patches (Legay, 2005). This problem represent a very computational demanding task on stand alone machines. In this work we report how parallel distributed computing in grid environment offers a very suitable tool for this specific problem. The multi-port networks are computed on GRID5000 nodes and it has yielded a 90.5% of simulation time reduction while keeping the same accuracy for the several frequency values we have tested.
Reductive Cleavage of 3‐Oxazolin‐5‐ones; Application to the Synthesis of β,γ‐Unsaturated Ketones from Allyl, N‐Acyl‐2‐phenylglycinates (1981)

β, γ-Unsaturated ketones (3), including those with squalene framework, have been synthesized in good yields from 3-oxazolinones (2). The most suitable reagent was found to be chromium(II) acetate with aqueous H3PO2 in dimethyl-formamide. The oxazolinones are obtained from the allyl esters (1).
S136 Mtor Signalling Is An Essential Pathway For Tgf- 1 Induced sma And Collagen Gene Expression (2014)

<h3></h3> Emerging evidence suggests a role for PI3K/mTOR signalling in the pathology of organ fibrosis. The aim of this study was to delineate PI3K/mTOR signalling in response to TGF-β<sub>1 </sub>stimulation of primary human lung fibroblasts (HLFs), and to investigate the role of this pathway in TGF-β<sub>1</sub> mediated myofibroblast differentiation and collagen synthesis. A time-course of SMAD 2/3 and Akt (Ser473) phosphorylation, the major downstream effector of the PI3K/mTOR pathway, was constructed to assess TGF-β<sub>1</sub> induced signalling kinetics in HLFs. TGF-β<sub>1 </sub>(1 ng/ml) induced rapid phosphorylation of SMAD2/3, peaking at 1 h, followed by Akt phosphorylation which peaked 12 h after initial stimulation. Maximal expression of <i>ACTA2</i> and <i>COL1A1</i> was observed 36 h after TGF-β<sub>1</sub> stimulation, correlating with the delayed time-course of Akt phosphorylation. To investigate the role of the PI3K/mTOR pathway in TGF-β<sub>1</sub> induced myofibroblast differentiation and collagen gene expression, HLFs were treated with pharmacological titrations of potent pathway inhibitors. Maximal Akt signalling and expression of <i>ACTA2 </i>and <i>COL1A1</i> were significantly inhibited by a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, while SMAD phosphorylation was unaffected. Treatment with an ATP competitive mTOR inhibitor also resulted in significantly reduced Akt phosphorylation and expression of <i>ACTA2</i> and <i>COL1A1</i>, in response to TGF-β<sub>1</sub>. In contrast, treatment of HLFs with either an allosteric or ATP competitive Akt inhibitor showed no inhibitory effect on TGF-β<sub>1 </sub>induced gene expression. These data suggest PI3 kinase/mTOR signalling is an important component in TGF-β<sub>1</sub> induced αSMA and collagen gene expression and that an mTOR dependent, Akt independent pathway mediates this functional response in primary HLFs.
Proceedings of the 15th International Workshop on OCL and Textual Modeling co-located with 18th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MoDELS 2015), Ottawa, Canada, September 28, 2015 (2015)

International audience
Hybrid therapies (2009)

Abstract Chapter 24 discusses hybrid therapies, which are therapies with the therapeutic advantages of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) with the logistic and cost advantages of intermittent hemodialysis (IHD). Similar to the term 'CRRT,' hybrid therapy is an umbrella term encompassing various specific 'discontinuous' RRT modalities. Other terms which have been used in the literature are 'sustained low efficiency (daily) dialysis' (SLEDD), 'sustained low efficiency (daily) diafiltration' (SLEDD-f), 'extended daily dialysis' (EDD), 'prolonged intermittent renal replacement therapy' (PIRRT), 'go slow dialysis,' and 'accelerated veno-venous hemofiltration' (AVVH).
Xylan sorption kinetics at industrial conditions Part 2. Modeling (2010)

Abstract A model describing the sorption kinetics for black liquor birch xylan onto unbleached softwood kraft fibers at industrially relevant process conditions has been developed. The experimental results support the suggestion that xylan sorption is a physical process. Our model is based on the assumption that the mass transfer between bulk liquor and fiber surfaces is the rate determining step. The effects of changes in process conditions like temperature, NaOH concentration and ion strength are included in the model. The model fits the experimental data quite well for sorption temperatures between 87 and 127°C. Other mechanisms affect the observed sorption at higher sorption temperatures. Consequently, more data is needed to produce a model for sorption at elevated temperatures. Deviations from the experimental data at temperatures up to 127°C are proposed to be a result of competing mechanisms not accounted for in our model. These can, for instance, be the transportation of xylan from the surface into the cell wall, the degradation of xylan in solution, the removal of substituents from the xylan backbone, or a decrease in NaOH concentration in the solution.