gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhanced expression of inducible cyclooxygenase with age in murine macrophages (1997)

Macrophages (Mphi) from old mice produce more PGE2 than those from young mice, contributing to the dysregulation of the immune and inflammatory responses with age. This study was conducted to determine the mechanisms of the age-associated increase in Mphi PGE2 production. PGE2 production is influenced by the availability of the substrate arachidonic acid and by activity of the enzyme cyclooxygenase (Cox). We demonstrate that when the substrate is not the limiting factor, Mphi from old mice have significantly higher LPS-stimulated Cox activity than young mice, indicating that the age-associated increase in PGE2 production is due to increased enzyme activity and not to changes in substrate level. Cox activity is determined by the enzyme level and requires hydroperoxide for activation. Of the two Cox isoforms, Cox 1 is constitutively expressed in nearly all cells; whereas Cox 2 is induced by a wide range of ligands. Analysis of accumulated and de novo synthesis of constitutive Cox 1 and inducible Cox 2 proteins showed no age-related difference in Cox 1 protein levels, but Mphi from old mice had higher accumulated and newly synthesized LPS-stimulated Cox 2 protein levels than young mice. Furthermore, Mphi from old mice had higher LPS-stimulated levels of Cox 2 mRNA compared with those from young mice. Clearly, the age-associated increase in LPS-stimulated PGE2 production is due to increased Cox activity resulting from higher Cox 2 protein and mRNA expression. These findings have significant implications for age-associated immune and inflammatory dysregulation as well as the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies against them.
Cost optimized multipath scheduling in 5G for Video-on-Demand traffic (2021)

This paper evaluates the limitations of existing scheduling algorithms when video-on-demand traffic is transported in multipath scenarios, and proposes a new scheduling algorithm called cost-optimized multipath (COM). The new algorithm is designed to decrease the mobile network operators' cost of the delivery of bursty video-on-demand traffic over multipath networks access. Local and Internet connected testbeds, as well as trials with real cellular customers have been deployed to analyse the video performance over MPTCP-based multipath. The results clearly demonstrate the impact the bursty nature of video-on-demand traffic has on the scheduling decisions in multipath scenarios, when traditional latency-based or cheapest-path-first schedulers are deployed. Based on the testbed and trial results, this paper presents the design of a new simple and scalable scheduling algorithm. The paper describes the typical use cases and shows preliminary testbed results, clearly demonstrating the cost benefits of the new algorithm, and indicating that the right balance between the user QoE and the operator cost can be achieved for the video traffic.
Reduction in Kv Current Enhances the Temporal Dispersion of the Action Potential in Diabetic Myocytes: Insights From a Novel Repolarization Algorithm (2016)

Reductions in the repolarizing K(+) currents may contribute to electrical disturbances of the diabetic heart.
A nanoscale ohmic contact for nanoelectronic devices (2003)

In this presentation, we report the development and characterization of low-resistance nanometer scale ohmic contacts which provide suitable characteristics for application in nanoelectronic semiconductor devices. The nanocontact structure employs a heterostructure comparable to that used in previous large-area studies of a low resistance, non-alloyed ohmic contact, namely a thin (2-10 nm) cap layer of low-temperature grown GaAs (LTG:GaAs) on a heavily doped n-type GaAs layer.
Highly Regio‐ and Enantioselective Asymmetric Hydroformylation of Olefins Mediated by 2,5‐Disubstituted Phospholane Ligands (2005)

Off the shelf: The commercially available ligand (R,R)-1,2-bis(2,5-diphenylphospholano)ethane ((R,R)-Ph-bpe) has been identified as an excellent ligand for asymmetric hydroformylation. State-of-the-art regio- and enantioselectivities are obtained for reactions with styrene, allyl cyanide, and vinyl acetate as substrates while high reaction rates (>4000 turnovers h−1) are maintained (see scheme; Ac=acetate, b/l=branched/linear). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2005/z501478_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Literary Erotics (1993)

In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries a significant development occurred, one which was unforeseen in earlier legislation and policing. Serious literary works began to come under the eye of police employing routine tests for obscenity, and on occasion were the cause for obscenity proceedings in the courts.1 How is this development to be understood? When, how and to what extent did serious literature enter the field of discourses concern d with sex, in an event which signals a new orientation of literary techniques and abilities?
Fluorocyclopropane-Containing Proline Analogue: Synthesis and Conformation of an Item in the Peptide Chemistʼs Toolbox (2022)

Over the years, numerous modifications to the structure of proline have been made in order to tune its effects on bioactive compounds. Notably, the introduction of a cyclopropane ring or a fluorine atom has produced interesting results. Herein, we describe the synthesis of a proline containing fluorocyclopropane. This modified amino acid was inserted into a tripeptide, whose conformation was studied by nuclear magnetic resonance and density functional theory calculations.
A Dual-Mode Narrow-Band Channel Filter and Group-Delay Equalizer for a Ka-Band Satellite Transponder (2003)

This paper presents the design of a narrow-band channel filter and its group-delay equalizer for a Ka-band satellite transponder. We used an 8th order channel filter for high selectivity with an elliptic-integral function response and an inline configuration. We designed a 2-pole, reflection-type, group-delay equalizer to compensate for the steep variation of the group-delay at the output of the channel filter, keeping the thermal stability at ±7 ns of group-delay variation at the band edges over 15–55 ·C. We devised a new tuning technique using short-ended dummy cavities and used it for tuning both the filter and equalizer; this removes the necessity of additional tuning after the cavities are assembled. Through measurement, we demonstrate that the group-delay-equalized filter meets the equipment requirements and is appropriate for satellite input multiplexers.
Low Switching Frequency-Based Predictive Control of a Grid-Connected Voltage-Sourced Converter (2016)

This paper proposes a model predictive direct power control (MPDPC) approach with reduced switching frequency for grid-connected voltage-sourced converters (VSC). This approach is proposed for both a real/reactive power controller (with a fixed input voltage) and a power port controller (with a variable input voltage). It uses two different cost functions: one for the steady state and one for transients. Utilizing these two cost functions leads to having a low switching frequency in the steady state and a fast response during transients. The proposed MPDPC also provides overcurrent protection of the VSC. In applying the proposed MPDPC to a power port, drawbacks of conventional voltage controllers are addressed by employing power estimation and set point modulation in the controller. Simulation and experimental results validate the proposed MPDPC and the voltage controller.
Classification non supervisée de documents hétérogènes: Application au corpus " 20 Newsgroups " (2006)

International audience
Measuring Temperature Induced Phase Change Kinetics in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissues Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy, MR Imaging and Spectroscopy and OCT (2017)

Monitoring phase transition in adipose tissue and formation of lipid crystals is important in Cryo-procedures such as Selective Cryolipolysis (SC). We exploited a Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) method to monitor the onset of fat phase transition (freezing/melting) in human abdominal adipose tissue. The changes in optical scattering were compared to Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) measurements as the gold standard method for measuring phase transition. For some samples, concurrent in vitro measurements of optical scattering using NIRS and the MR signal parameters (T<sub>2</sub>*) as well as spectral parameters using MR Spectroscopy were performed in a 3 T MR scanner during a cooling/heating cycle. To further investigate phase-transition in adipose tissue in microscopic level, an identical cooling/heating procedure was replicated on a small piece of fat harvested from the same tissue while being imaged under Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). For all methods, their relationship with temperature shows inflexions in a narrow range, characteristic of lipid phase transition. In particular, the good agreement between DSC and Optical measurements suggests that such NIRS methods can be used to improve dosimetry and to minimize variations of clinical outcome for cryo-procedures.
Process simulation high performance bipolar and BiCMOS devices (2003)

SUPREM IV, an advanced 2-D process simulator based on the latest physical models for silicon process physics, is presented. It is designed to interface directly with 2-D device simulators like PISCES to produce accurate predictions of device structural and electrical characteristics. SUPREM IV, the point defect diffusion models on which it is based, and its application to high-performance bipolar and BiCMOS process and device design are described. In particular, SUPREM IV simulations are compared with a 2- mu m BiCMOS test process. The process technology is sketched, and the simulation results are presented and discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
<title>Ge-on-Si high-responsivity near-infrared photodetectors</title> (2000)

We report the fabrication of fast heterojunction Ge/Si photodetectors which, to the best of our knowledge, exhibit the highest near infrared responsivity at normal incidence reported to date. Such performances are related to the quality of the epitaxial Ge film grown by a two-step UHV-CVD process followed by cyclic thermal annealing. We have measured a fast (FWHM equals 850 ps at 1.3 micrometers ) and efficient (R equals 0.55 A/W at 1.3 micrometers and 0.25 A/W at 1.55 micrometers ) photoresponse. Our technology makes these devices suitable for integration with other electronic and optoelectronic components on Si chips. In the paper we discuss processing technology, material quality, device fabrication and performance measurements.
Elastic Langmuir Layers and Membranes Subjected to Unidirectional Compression: Wrinkling and Collapse (2009)

We apply the two-dimensional elastic continuum model to describe the wrinkling of elastic Langmuir layers (membranes) subjected to unidirectional compression. The effects of the dilatational, shear, and bending elasticities are taken into account. Among the numerous solutions of the generalized Laplace equation, corresponding to different membrane tensions, we determine the membrane shape as the profile that minimizes the energy of the system. In the case of small deformations, the problem can be linearized. Its solution predicts a wavelike shape of the compressed membrane. At negligibly small bending elasticity, the energy of the system is minimal for a sinusoidal profile, whose amplitude and wavelength tend to zero. In the opposite limiting case, where the effect of bending elasticity prevails over the effect of gravity, the membrane has a half-wave profile. When the two effects are comparable, the membrane shape exhibits multiple periodic wrinkles (ripples). An expression is derived for calculating the bending elasticity (rigidity) from the wavelength, and reasonable values are obtained from available experimental data. To determine the membrane shape at larger out-of-plane deformations, we solved numerically the respective nonlinear problem. Depending on the values of the physical parameters, the theory predicts various shapes: nonharmonic oscillations, toothed profiles, and profiles with two characteristic wavelengths. The results can be used for determining the bending elastic modulus of Langmuir films (membranes) as well as for the interpretation of buckling and collapse of monolayers.
Microwell Plate-Based Dynamic Light Scattering as a High-Throughput Characterization Tool in Biopharmaceutical Development (2021)

High-throughput light scattering instruments are widely used in screening of biopharmaceutical formulations and can be easily incorporated into processes by utilizing multi-well plate formats. High-throughput plate readers are helpful tools to assess the aggregation tendency and colloidal stability of biological drug candidates based on the diffusion self-interaction parameter (kD). However, plate readers evoke issues about the precision and variability of determined data. In this article, we report about the statistical evaluation of intra- and inter-plate variability (384-well plates) for the kD analysis of protein and peptide solutions. ANOVA revealed no significant differences between the runs. In conclusion, the reliability and precision of kD was dependent on the plate position of the sample replicates and kD value. Positive kD values (57.0 mL/g, coefficients of variation (CV) 8.9%) showed a lower variability compared to negative kD values (−14.8 mL/g, CV 13.4%). The variability of kD was not reduced using more data points (120 vs. 30). A kD analysis exclusively based on center wells showed a lower CV (&lt;2%) compared to edge wells (5–12%) or a combination of edge and center wells (2–5%). We present plate designs for kD analysis within the early formulation development, screening up to 20 formulations consuming less than 50 mg of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API).
Non-isolated Half Bridge Buck Based Converter for VRM Application (2007)

High efficiency and fast transient response are very critical to voltage regulator module (VRM) and they are contradicted to each other. Continuous output voltage drop with increased current and power densities force small duty cycle operation, resulting in lower efficiency and worse transient response. This paper presents a new, transformer based, nonisolated, buck derived, half bridge converter for VRM application. The transformer in the presented topology helps in decreasing the top switch current as well as the bottom switch voltage stresses, it also extends the duty cycle to a favorable range enhancing the efficiency and transient response by optimizing MOSFET selections. The proposed converter is designed, analyzed and the experimental results are presented.
Knowledge and Ontologies (2016)

So far the chapters in the book have focused on the primary task of data acquisition and relationship extraction. For the more sophisticated applications, specifically the ones that exhibit some form of intelligence, the relationship information forms the basis of reasoning and interpretation. The recent surge in Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications and other data analytics-based services is in part because of technologies taking advantage of the various knowledge representation mechanisms. In this chapter we focus on introducing some of the popular methods for knowledge representation and their usages.
A study on task difficulty and acceleration stress (1981)

The results of two experiments which relate to task difficulty and the effects of environmental stress on tracking performance are discussed and compared to subjective evaluations. The first experiment involved five different sum of sine tracking tasks which humans tracked both in a static condition and under a 5 Gz acceleration stress condition. The second experiment involved similar environmental stress conditions but in this case the tasks were constructed from deterministic functions with specially designed velocity and acceleration profiles. Phase Plane performance analysis was conducted to study potential measures of workload or tracking difficulty.
Hydrogen Release Compound: A Cost‐Effective Alternative to PCE Remediation at Dry Cleaning Facilities (2002)

Abstract Tetrachloroethylene, also known as perchloroethylene or PCE, is one of the most difficult to treat chlorinated solvents when present in groundwater. Unfortunately, this elusive and recalcitrant compound is also the most commonly used dry cleaning solvent. As a result, releases of PCE at dry cleaning sites are somewhat common. Regenesis Bioremediation Products, of San Clemente, California, has developed Hydrogen Release Compound (HRC), which has been successfully used to promote bioremediation of PCE in groundwater. This product is directly injected into contaminated groundwater to speed up the natural attenuation of PCE through an anaerobic, natural process known as reductive dechlorination. A key benefit of HRC is its ability to slowly release hydrogen over extended periods of time. Reductive dechlorination relies on a steady source and readily available supply of electron donors as part of the degradation process. Hydrogen is one of the best electron donors available, and thus, the application of HRC significantly enhances the rate of PCE degradation. For dry cleaners, this technology can substantially reduce major design, capital, and operating costs, allowing the implementation of a low‐impact application and remediation solution. This article discusses the use of the HRC to remediate PCE contamination and presents the results of two specific HRC‐treated dry cleaner sites. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mid-ranging control for an automotive three-way catalyst outer loop (2016)

As government regulations force stringent automobile emission standards with graceful degradation under various hardware faults and operating environments, accurate feedback control of the engine air-to-fuel ratio has become a key enabler. We present an overview of the automotive three-way catalyst (TWC) control system and discuss challenges associated with development and implementation of a successful feedback controller, including plant and sensor nonlinearities - in use, as well as regulatory On-Board-Diagnostics induced faults, bandwidth restrictions, and constraints such as drivability and noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) considerations. To meet these goals, we modify the conventional mid-ranging control structure for accurate control of the TWC subsystem while simultaneously adhering to drivability and NVH constraints. Vehicle test results are shown exhibiting the controller's capabilities with and without induced faults.
High-resistance W-plug monitoring with an advance e-beam inspection system (2006)

Dark voltage contrast (DVC) defects are detected on normally bright tungsten plugs (W-plugs) during the in-line e-beam inspection step. Cross-sectional scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) in a failure analysis (FA) lab verified that DVC defects with different gray level values (GLV) are caused by different resistances of the W-plugs. We found that DVC defects with lower GLV (GLV1) are W-plugs that are open or almost open. DVC defects with higher GLV GLV2 are caused by partially open W-plugs and in-plug voids. Wafer acceptance test (WAT) results correlated well with e-beam inspection results.
Performance evaluation of IEEE 802.11ah and its restricted access window mechanism (2014)

In this paper we provide an analytical model to compute the throughput and energy consumption of IEEE 802.11ah, the new Sub-1 GHz WiFi standard. The analytical model assumes known collision and error probabilities and applies to both basic and RTS/CTS access mechanisms. Comparison with simulation results shows that the model is extremely accurate in predicting the system throughput and energy consumption. We also investigate the IEEE 802.11ah system including the new restricted access window (RAW) mechanism, and compare it to the basic scheme. The obtained results show that the RAW mechanism can provide substantial improvements in the system performance, in terms of throughput, packet delay and energy consumption, in particular in highly-loaded dense network scenarios. These findings affirm and substantiate the prospects of IEEE 802.11ah as one of the key enabling technologies for wide-scale low-cost and energy-efficient M2M deployments and IoT applications in the future.
Field Test Results of Layered Division Multiplexing for the Next Generation DTV System (2017)

In this paper, we present field test results of a layered division multiplexing (LDM) technology for the next generation digital television system, and analyze the results in several scenarios such as rooftop, indoor, and mobile receptions. In order to evaluate performance of the LDM technology, the field strength or the reception power is measured for all considered scenarios. Furthermore, the threshold of visibility, the marginal reception power, and the erroneous second ratio are measured for fixed, indoor, and mobile receptions, respectively. The field test results show that LDM technology enables broadcaster not only to efficiently provide a variety of services (e.g., mobile, indoor, and stationary services) with different robustness within a single radio frequency (RF) channel but also to increase flexible usage of the RF channel.
Short Stack Performance Using Lower Temperature GDC-Based SOFC (2014)

Recently, the University of Maryland Energy Research Center and Redox Power Systems LLC developed a GDC electrolyte based solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) for lower temperature operation using conventional ceramic processing. The fabrication process was integrated with tape casting, screen printing, coating, etc., yielding a cell of 10 cm x 10 cm size and an active area of about 80 cm 2 . Initial results for single cell tests running on hydrogen and air at 650 o C included an open circuit voltage (OCV) of 0.85 V and a power of over 48 W at over 80 A. At an operating voltage of 0.7 V, the single cell power was about 35 W. For a two cell short stack, the initial results under similar conditions showed an OCV of 1.5 V and a peak power of more than 70 Watts at 650 ° C.
Direct determination of alpha particle transport coefficients (1992)

Many studies have been reported on the simulation of impurity transport phenomena in the Tokamak fusion plasma using the MIST code (1,2,3). The MIST code is to solve the multi-ionization state impurity transport equations by assuming that the transport fluxes of different ionization states are known. In most simulations, the transport fluxes of impurities are usually expressed in terms of diffusion coefficient and convective velocities. By considering the inverse'' problem (vs.MIST), the basic idea of this research is to solve the one dimensional (ONE-D, with cylindrical geometry) impurity transport equations to determine the transport coefficients from the experimental impurity density evolution data. We have developed a computer code which is labelled as DASH'' to solve this problem. The alpha particle transport coefficients can be obtained and inter-corrected by using the MIST and this DASH code. This code also provides a way to check the simulation results of MIST code.