gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surviving Serum: the Escherichia coli iss Gene of Extraintestinal Pathogenic E. coli Is Required for the Synthesis of Group 4 Capsule (2021)

Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) strains constitute a serious and emerging clinical problem, as they cause a variety of infections and are usually highly antibiotic resistant. Many ExPEC strains are capable of evading the bactericidal effects of serum and causing sepsis. One critical factor for the development of septicemia is the increased serum survival (<i>iss</i>) gene, which is highly correlated with complement resistance and lethality. Although it is very important, the function of the <i>iss</i> gene has not been elucidated so far. We have been studying the serum survival of a septicemic strain of E. coli serotype O78, which has a group 4 capsule. Here, we show that the <i>iss</i> gene is required for the synthesis of capsules, which protect the bacteria from the bactericidal effect of complement. Moreover, we show that the deletion of the <i>iss</i> gene results in significantly increased binding of the complement proteins that constitute the membrane attack complex to the bacterial surface.
Operando DRIFTS and DFT Study of Propane Dehydrogenation over Solid- and Liquid-Supported GaxPty Catalysts (2019)

Supported catalytically active liquid metal solutions (SCALMS) represent a class of catalytic materials that have only recently been developed, but have already proven to be highly active, e.g., for dehydrogenation reactions. Previous studies attributed the catalytic activity to isolated noble metal atoms at the surface of a liquid and inert Ga matrix. In this study, we apply diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) with CO as a probe molecule to Ga/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Pt/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and Ga<sub>37</sub>Pt/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalysts, to investigate in detail the nature of the active Pt species. Comparison of CO adsorption on Pt/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and Ga<sub>37</sub>Pt/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> shows that isolated Pt atoms are, indeed, present at the surface of the liquid SCALMS. Combining DRIFTS with online gas chromatography (GC), we investigated the Ga/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Pt/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and Ga<sub>37</sub>Pt/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> systems under operando conditions during propane dehydrogenation in CO/propane and in Ar/propane. We find that the Pt/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> sample is rapidly poisoned by CO adsorption and coke, whereas propane dehydrogenation over Ga<sub>37</sub>Pt/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> SCALMS leads to higher conversion with no indication of poisoning effects. We show under operando conditions that isolated Pt atoms are present at the surface of SCALMS during the dehydrogenation reaction. IR spectra and density-functional theory (DFT) suggest that both the Ga matrix and the presence of coadsorbates alter the electronic properties of the surface Pt species.
PRINCE - A Low-latency Block Cipher for Pervasive Computing Applications (Full version). (2012)

Abstract. This paper presents a block cipher that is optimized with respect to latency when implemented in hardware. Such ciphers are desirable for many future pervasive applications with real-time security needs. Our cipher, named PRINCE, allows encryption of data within one clock cycle with a very competitive chip area compared to known solutions. The fully unrolled fashion in which such algorithms need to be implemented calls for innovative design choices. The number of rounds must be moderate and rounds must have short delays in hardware. At the same time, the traditional need that a cipher has to be iterative with very similar round functions disappears, an observation that increases the design space for the algorithm. An important further requirement is that realizing decryption and encryption results in minimum additional costs. PRINCE is designed in such a way that the overhead for decryption on top of encryption is negligible. More precisely for our cipher it holds that decryption for one key corresponds to encryption with a related key. This property we refer to as α-reflection is of independent interest and we prove its soundness against generic attacks. 1
Green Synthesis of Flower-Shaped Copper Oxide and Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles via Capparis decidua Leaf Extract for Synergic Adsorption-Photocatalytic Degradation of Pesticides (2021)

Green manufacturing of catalysts enables sustainable advanced oxidation processes and water treatment processes for removing trace contaminants such as pesticides. An environmentally friendly biosynthesis process produced high-surface-area CuO and NiO nanocatalysts using phytochemicals in the Capparis decidua leaf extract, which served as a reductant and influenced catalyst shape. Capparis decidua is a bushy shrub, widely distributed in dry and arid regions of Africa, Pakistan, India, Egypt, Jordan, Sudan, Saudi Arabia. The synthesized CuO and NiO nanoparticles were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy (UV-vis), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermo-gravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA). The produced nanoparticles were spherical and flower-like in shape and have a characteristic face-centered cubic structure of CuO and NiO. Biosynthesized catalysts were photoactive and degraded recalcitrant pesticide Lambda-cyhalothrin (L-CHT). Photocatalytic degradation of L-CHT was affected by the initial L-CHT concentration, solution pH levels between 5 and 9, and photocatalyst concentration. The L-CHT removal percentage attained by CuO photocatalyst (~99%) was higher than for NiO photocatalyst (~89%). The degradation of L-CHT follows a pseudo-first-order kinetic model, and the apparent rate constant (kapp) decreased from 0.033 min−1 for CuO to 0.0084 min−1 for NiO photocatalyst. The novel flower-shaped nanoparticles demonstrated high stability in water and recyclability for removing L-CHT pesticide contamination in water.
Development of a Portable Nickel-Based Sensor for Hydroxyl Ion (2017)

The detection and measurement of hydroxyl ion (OH - ) in a solution is important in many applications, namely treatments of natural water and wastewater. The quantification of OH - is normally carried out by titration method, but this method is time consuming and needs several reagents for precise analysis. Additionally, titration method cannot detect low concentration of OH - ions in solution. Alternatively, the hydroxyl ion concentration in any solution could be estimated using pH sensors. Commercial pH probes sense the proton concentration in a solution and the concentration of OH - is determined by use of the following equation. pH= 14+log [OH - ] (1) However, these pH sensors, which are made of glass electrodes, show acidic and alkaline errors at low and high pH values, respectively [1]. Moreover, these pH meters exhibit a sluggish response, especially in alkaline media. Some reported an optical pH sensing for high pH values, but they were not portable [2]. The focus of this investigation is to develop an electrochemical sensor to detect and measure OH ion in a solution. The presence of hydroxyl ion in a solution will be detected using the electrochemical oxidation of nickel hydroxide to oxyhydroxide (eq. 2). Considering this, a simple, low-cost, easy-to-miniaturize nickel- based electrochemical sensor was designed to examine the possibility of on line electrochemical sensing of OH - . The sensor signal is based on the current produced by the following reaction that happens between the nickel electrode and the hydroxyl ions present in solution; Ni(OH) 2(s) +OH − ⇄ NiOOH (s) +H 2 O (l) +e − (2) According to this mechanism, the nickel electrode can selectively measure OH - concentration. The analysis of the oxidation reaction was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry. Furthermore, the oxidation current at different concentrations of OH - obtained by chronoamperometry revealed a linear correlation between oxidation current and concentration in alkali range within a short response time (Figure 1). This finding suggests that the sensor can be used for OH - electrochemical quantification. However, the presence of other species in solution might affect this correlation. For instance, urea, which is widely used in fertilizers and can be found in wastewater, might affect sensor signal. It was observed when urea exists in media, urea oxidation happens and produces current which interferes with hydroxyl ion sensing. The purpose of this work is finding of mathematical correlation between oxidation current and OH - concentration in the presence of urea. References Safavi, A. and H. Abdollahi (1998). "Optical sensor for high pH values." Analytica chimica acta 367 (1): 167-173. Safavi, A. and M. Bagheri (2003). "Novel optical pH sensor for high and low pH values." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 90 (1): 143-150. Figure 1
Dynamic Trajectory Planning for Vehicle Autonomous Driving (2013)

Trajectory planning is one of the key and challenging tasks in autonomous driving. This paper proposes a novel method that dynamically plans trajectories, with the aim to achieve quick and safe reaction to the changing driving environment and optimal balance between vehicle performance and driving comfort. With the proposed method, such complex maneuvers can be decomposed into two sub-maneuvers, i.e., lane change and lane keeping, or their combinations, such that the trajectory planning is generalized and simplified, mainly based on lane change maneuvers. A two fold optimization-based method is proposed for stationary trajectory planning as well as dynamic trajectory planning in the presence of a dynamic traffic environment. Simulation is conducted to demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Drug and anesthetic effects on membrane structure and function (1991)

Role of Membrane Fluidity in Anaesthetic Action Interfacial Effects of Anaesthetics on Membrane Fluidity Effect of Ethanol on Neurotransmitter Receptor Systems Lipid-Protein Interactions of Pulmonary Surfactant Membrane Fusion: Viral Fusion Proteins and Lipid Intermediates.
Energy release rate of small cracks under finite multiaxial straining (2009)

Studies carried out in the recent years have brought to light the physical phenomena governing fatigue life of rubber (Cam et al. 2004; Le Gorju 2007). It turns out to be driven by the growth of small cavities transforming then into small cracks and propagating throughout the material up to a critical size that leads to a major loss of material properties. The propagation of these small cracks represents the main stage of fatigue life.
Effect of Electroacupuncture on Stress-induced High Blood Pressure via Autonomic Nervous System in Normotensive Young Adults (2021)

Acupuncture, which is widely used as a complementary and alternative medicine, has been expected to be beneficial for the treatment of hypertension. However, the antihypertensive effect of acupuncture is still under debate. In the present study, the blood pressure induced by handgrip stress were evaluated using power spectral frequency analysis and hormone examination. This study, which recruited 6 normotensive participants, was designed as a randomized crossover trial of two interventions; electroacupuncture and sham-electroacupuncture. Intervention was delivered as 5 sessions over 2 consecutive weeks. The first electroacupuncture immediately before handgrip exercise did not affect the rates of increase in blood pressure and heart rate. Also, neither increase in LF/HF ratio, as sympathetic nerve activity, nor decrease in HF value, as parasympathetic nerve activity, by handgrip stress was significantly inhibited by a single intervention of electroacupuncture. In addition, 5 repeated electroacupuncture sessions did not attenuate the elevation of blood pressure after handgrip stress, and did not suppress the increase in LF/HF ratio and decrease in HF value. Also, electroacupuncture did not influence the changes in plasma concentrations of renin, aldosterone, norepinephrine, and epinephrine after handgrip stress. No difference was observed in the rate of change in each parameter after handgrip stress between the electroacupuncture treatment group and the sham-electroacupuncture group. The present study did not show any suppressive effect on stress-induced response of blood pressure as well as sympathetic nerve activity. The obtained findings showed no beneficial effects of acupuncture on hypertension as a standalone therapy, consistent with suggestions by previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Research with larger sample sizes or higher-quality randomized controlled trials are expected, and a conclusion on the utility of acupuncture treatment for hypertension should be carefully made.
Trends in Characteristics and Outcomes of Hospital Inpatients Undergoing Coronary Revascularization in the United States, 2003-2016 (2020)

Significant changes were found in the characteristics of patients undergoing PCI and CABG in the United States between 2003 and 2016. Risk-adjusted mortality decreased significantly after CABG but not after PCI across all clinical indications.
An In Situ Autologous Tumor Vaccination with Combined Radiation Therapy and TLR9 Agonist Therapy (2012)

Combination therapy with TLR9 agonist and RT induces systemic anti-tumoral humoral response, augments tumoral infiltration of NKDCs, reduces pulmonary metastases and improves survival in a murine model of 3LL cancer.
Nuclear Radiation-Induced Atmospheric Air Breakdown in a Spark Gap (2012)

We have investigated the effect of pre-ionization by a radioactive -ray source on the atmospheric air breakdown conditions in a high-voltage spark gap. A standoff millimeter-wave (mmW) system was used to monitor the breakdown properties. A decrease in breakdown threshold was observed with an increase of radiation dose. We attribute this to a space charge-controlled electron diffusion process in a cloud of radiation-induced ion species of both polarities. The space charge-dependent diffusion coefficient was determined from the measurement data. In addition, we found that the breakdown process shows random spikes with Poisson-like statistical feature. These findings portend the feasibility of remote detection of nuclear radiation using high-power mmWs.
Spatially-Selective Quantization and Coding for Wavelet-Based Image Compression (2006)

Recent developments in psychovisual modeling have led to improvements in wavelet-based coder performance. A spatially selective quantizer based on texture masking sensitivities is introduced, which hides distortion in high-contrast portions of images. Unlike other spatial quantization schemes, this method requires explicit side information to convey stepsizes. A simple coder is presented which leverages this side information to reduce the rate required to code the quantized data. Side information coding is also discussed. With respect to visual quality, this compression scheme performs competitively with a CSF-optimized JPEG-2000 coder at equivalent rates.
Assessing Glycinin (11S) and β‐Conglycinin (7S) Fractions of Soybean Storage Protein by Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy (2007)

Abstract Soybean breeding programs underway today are addressing the goal of improving the protein profile to benefit the human diet as well as that of livestock. Glycinin, a globulin storage protein of the meal and designated as the 11S size fraction by ultracentrifugation, is desirable because of its relative abundance of sulfur‐containing amino acids, such as methionine and cysteine. The current study examined the feasibility of near‐infrared (NIR) measurement of glycinin and the other prevalent protein fraction, β‐conglycinin (7S size fraction), as well as the electrophoretically separable sub fractions that comprise these two components. From a population of 101 F 6 ‐derived recombinant inbred lines in a field replicated trial, single whole soybeans were scanned in transmittance (800–1,798 nm, 24 beans/sample × 197 samples total). Additional scanning of the ground meal was performed in reflectance (1,100–2,498 nm). Partial least squares (PLS) calibrations were developed, using the 24‐bean average log(1/ T ) spectrum for each sample, as well as the average spectrum from duplicate packs of log(1/ R ) spectra of the meal. The results indicate that NIR prediction of 11S and 7S, as well as the sub fractions thereof, is at best limited to screening purposes in soybean breeding programs for probable reasons of an inherent lack of spectral specificity of the protein fractions and a non‐constant proportion of soluble‐to‐total protein.
Interference of Bose-Einstein condensates split with an atom chip (2005)

We have used a microfabricated atom chip to split a single Bose-Einstein condensate of sodium atoms into two spatially separated condensates. Dynamical splitting was achieved by deforming the trap along the tightly confining direction into a purely magnetic double-well potential. We observed the matter wave interference pattern formed upon releasing the condensates from the microtraps. The intrinsic features of the quartic potential at the merge point, such as zero trap frequency and extremely high field-sensitivity, caused random variations of the relative phase between the two split condensates. Moreover, the perturbation from the abrupt change of the trapping potential during the splitting was observed to induce vortices.
A comparative analysis of mono- and disaccharide benzyl fucopyranosides (2002)

The syntheses and X-ray analyses of two fucopyranosides, the monosaccharide benzyl 3,4-di-O-acetyl-2-hydroxy-beta-D-fucopyranoside, C(17)H(22)O(7), and the disaccharide 1-benzyl O-(2,3-di-O-acetyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1-->2)-3,4-O-isopropylidene-beta-D-fucopyranoside, C(33)H(40)O(12), are described. The different substituents induce small conformational changes on the fucopyranoside ring. However, the conformation of the benzyl group varies from (+)gauche for the monosaccharide to synperiplanar for the disaccharide.
Notice of Removal: The effect of pulse length on perfusion kinetics following sonoreperfusion therapy (2017)

Removed.
Near-Infrared Imaging of SOFCs with Methane and Propane Fuels (2009)

A Si-CCD camera-based imaging system is used in-situ to study the effects of hydrocarbon fuels on Ni/YSZ solid oxide fuel cell anode temperatures. Methane and propane are used as fuels. Temperature variations are investigated to explore how carbon deposition varies with fuel, and how deposition and electrochemical oxidation of carbon affect the anode. The temperature change that results from carbon growth during CH4 flow is -2.3 ºC. The temperature change due to the oxidation of carbon deposits from CH4 is +2.0 ºC. Similar experiments with C3H8 produced temperature shifts of -3.4 ºC and +2.4 ºC during fuel flow and electrochemical oxidation, respectively. The temperature drops more quickly when C3H8 is used instead of CH4. As deposits are electrochemically oxidized, the maximum temperature occurs ~2 minutes earlier in the CH4 case. The time profiles indicate that more carbon is present in C3H8 cells.
Peripheral blood platelets express VEGF-C and VEGF which are released during platelet activation (1998)

VEGF-C is a recently characterised endothelial growth factor structurally related to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). We studied the expression of VEGF-C and VEGF in the cells of peripheral blood and in the umbilical cord blood CD 34+ cells, representing haematopoietic progenitor cells. Expression of VEGF-C was detected in the CD34+ cells. In peripheral blood VEGF-C mRNA was restricted to platelets and T-cells. In contrast to the expression pattern of VEGF-C, VEGF mRNA was detected in all peripheral blood cell fractions studied, and also in CD34+ cells. VEGF-C mRNA was also detected in fresh bone marrow samples of acute leukaemia patients, but the expression did not show lineage specificity. VEGF-C and VEGF polypeptides were present in platelets and they were released from activated platelets together with the release of b-thromboglobulin, suggesting that VEGF-C and VEGF reside in the a-granules of platelets. VEGF-C and VEGF, released from activated platelets, may have a role in angiogenesis during wound healing, and possibly also in other pathological conditions, such as atherosclerosis, tumour growth, and metastasis formation.
Near far robust time delay estimation for asynchronous DS-CDMA systems with bandlimited pulse shapes (2002)

An algorithm for time delay estimation in an asynchronous direct-sequence code-division multiple access (DS-CDMA) system with bandlimited signals in a near-far scenario (no tight power control) is presented. The algorithm, which is a modified MUSIC algorithm, is validated through simulations and asymptotic analysis (large number of vector samples) for a square-root raised cosine pulse. It is shown that the algorithm has performance very similar to the case with rectangular pulses and hence it is near-far resistant.
Hydroisomerization of n-C5 and n-C6 mixtures on zeolite catalysts (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydroisomerization of n-C5 and n-C6 mixtures on zeolite catalystsJames J. Spivey and Phillip A. BryantCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1982, 21, 4, 750–760Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i200019a034https://doi.org/10.1021/i200019a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views128Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Computer simulations of ultrasonic heating for ocular therapy (1992)

Computer simulations are being performed to model the temperature patterns produced during ultrasonically induced hyperthermia of ocular tumours. The software package for these simulations incorporates operator interaction and uses tissue geometry obtained from B-mode data. Previous studies used geometric approximations for the incident beams used for hyperthermia. In the current study, these beams were computed using diffraction analysis to obtain more realistic simulations of clinical exposures.