gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Solid ammonia as energy carrier: Current status and future prospects (2009)

Ammonia is very attractive as an energy carrier for its high energy density and potential of being a ‘zero-carbon' fuel. However, ammonia is toxic, and because of the very high vapor pressure of liquid ammonia (∼8 bar at room temperature), there are safety concerns about storing liquid ammonia for end-user applications. Amminex has developed a method to store ammonia safely as solid metal ammines. The Amminex product, Hydrammine™, is a non-pressurized storage material, and has an energy density similar to that of liquid ammonia (∼110 kg H2/m3). It enables safe use of ammonia as an energy carrier for end-user applications. Amminex has been active in integrating the solid ammonia storage technology with PEMFC and SOFC stacks. This article focuses on the potential of ‘solid' ammonia as a carbon-free energy carrier for mobile and transport applications, system integration (PEMFC and SOFC), and future opportunities.
How to perform Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) (2018)

"How to perform contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)" provides general advice on the use of ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) for clinical decision-making and reviews technical parameters for optimal CEUS performance. CEUS techniques vary between centers, therefore, experts from EFSUMB, WFUMB and from the CEUS LI-RADS working group created a discussion forum to standardize the CEUS examination technique according to published evidence and best personal experience. The goal is to standardise the use and administration of UCAs to facilitate correct diagnoses and ultimately to improve the management and outcomes of patients.
Nanophase Segregation of Self-Assembled Monolayers on Gold Nanoparticles (2017)

Nanophase segregation of a bicomponent thiol self-assembled monolayer is predicted using atomistic molecular dynamics simulations and experimentally confirmed. The simulations suggest the formation of domains rich in acid-terminated chains, on one hand, and of domains rich in amide-functionalized ethylene glycol oligomers, on the other hand. In particular, within the amide-ethylene glycol oligomers region, a key role is played by the formation of interchain hydrogen bonds. The predicted phase segregation is experimentally confirmed by the synthesis of 35 and 15 nm gold nanoparticles functionalized with several binary mixtures of ligands. An extensive study by transmission electron microscopy and electron tomography, using silica selective heterogeneous nucleation on acid-rich domains to provide electron contrast, supports simulations and highlights patchy nanoparticles with a trend toward Janus nano-objects depending on the nature of the ligands and the particle size. These results validate our computational platform as an effective tool to predict nanophase separation in organic mixtures on a surface and drive further exploration of advanced nanoparticle functionalization.
ISRU Technology Development for Extraction of Water from the Mars Surface (2018)

Goals: Develop technologies to extract water from planetary regolith considering production rate vs: energy/power consumption (efficiency, yield, heat recuperation options); Mass and sizing: modularity, batch sizes, soil feed options, etc.; Ruggedness in terms of soil, environmental, and operational parameters; seals and component wear, etc.; Removal of product and disposal of spent material. Summary: Technology development is underway for several ISRU water extraction hardware concepts for Mars application - Hydrated minerals (Auger dryer, Microwave, Open Air), Subsurface Ice (Rodwell); Models are developed with experimental and breadboard efforts for use in larger ISRU system models; Each effort consists of a 3 year development plan, with the goal of integrating into a larger subsystem test in 2020 - Concurrent technology advance allows for flexibility in system design; depending on architecture decisions and progress of associated subsystems.
Optical and Mechanical Effects of Frozen-in Stresses and Strains in Optical Fibers (2004)

Frozen-in stresses and strains can significantly impact both the optical and mechanical performance of optical fibers, enabling unique functionalities or leading to serious impairments. Frozen-in strains can be grouped into two general categories: those directly inducing strong birefringence, which are associated with residual elastic stresses; and those inducing a substantially isotropic index perturbation, which can be described as inelastic frozen-in strains. Both types of frozen-in strains can be simultaneously present in the same optical fiber. Frozen-in viscoelasticity was only recently found to be an important draw-induced inelastic strain that can significantly perturb the refractive index profile and hence the waveguiding properties of optical fibers. The optical and mechanical effects of both types of frozen-in stresses and strains are reviewed. Both practical applications as well as impairments are discussed.
Development of In-doped RbBr Transparent Ceramics with Optically Stimulated Luminescence Properties (2023)

As new alternative optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) materials to Eu-doped CsBr and Tl-doped RbBr, we synthesized In-doped RbBr transparent ceramics by spark plasma sintering.All the ceramics had a transmittance of approximately 60% from 300 to 800 nm.In its photoluminescence (PL) and scintillation spectra, In-doped RbBr showed an emission peak at 500 nm due to 3 P 1 → 1 S 0 transitions of In + ions.The PL and scintillation decay time constants were approximately 4.1 μs.OSL was observed upon optical stimulation at 700 nm.The 0.5% Indoped RbBr had a linear OSL response in the dose range from 0.3 mGy to 3 Gy.
Solution-Phase Combinatorial Chemistry in Lead Discovery (1997)

Solution-phase approaches in combinatorial chemistry complement solid-phase approaches and each can be used to advantage in particular circumstances. Solution-phase synthesis of pools of compounds, whilst allowing successful identification of a selection of good lead structures for medicinal chemistry programmes, also reinforced a number of the disadvantages of such an approach. Solution-phase parallel synthesis of discrete compounds has, however, proved to be a very useful and popular approach both for lead generation and in lead optimisation work. The range of chemistry suitable for use in such approaches is expanding rapidly and some of these chemistries are discussed. The current focus is on enhancing the quality of compounds prepared in array formats, and we describe a number of useful approaches which are being developed to that end.
Synthetic Approaches to Novel Archaeal Tetraether Glycolipid Analogues (1999)

Symmetrical and unsymmetrical archaeal tetraether glycolipid analogues have been prepared. The syntheses are based upon the elaboration of lipid cores from versatile chiral starting materials followed by simultaneous or sequential introduction of polar headgroups. Three pathways (A-C) were elaborated for the synthesis of stereochemically defined lipids 14-16 characterized by a straight bridging spacer and two dihydrocitronellyl chains attached to glycerol units at the sn-3 and sn-2 positions, respectively. Pathway C appeared to be particularly advantageous for the synthesis of tetraether 9, which possesses a cyclopentane unit as found in thermoacidophilic lipids. Diglycosylated lipids 4-6 were produced in 49-53% yields by reaction of diols 14-16 with beta-D-galactofuranosyl donor 31, whereas unsymmetrical lipids possessing either two different carbohydrate units 7 or a saccharidic moiety and a phosphate group 8 were efficiently prepared from monoprotected diol 35. These compounds represent the first examples of tetraether-type analogues containing a phosphate unit and/or glycosyl moieties.
The Inhibitory Effects of Retinoids on the Induction of Ornithine Decarboxylase and the Promotion of Tumors in Mouse Epidermis (2018)

Retinoids inhibit the induction of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) in mouse epidermis and the extent of this inhibition correlates with the ability of retinoids to prevent or inhibit the formation of epidermal tumors caused by tumor promoters. The in vivo ODC and tumor promotion assays are excellent models for assessing retinoid structure-activity relationships as a means of discovering the structural modifications that can be made in the retinoid skeleton that enhance chemopreventive activity. Putrescine is the precursor for the biosynthesis of the polyamines spermine and spermidine, which are essential components for ribosome structure and function. In the ODC assay the retinoids were administered topically, whereas in the papilloma regression assay they were given systemically by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. Structural modifications were made in the ring, polyolefinic chain, and polar terminus regions of the retinoid skeleton. Generally, these modifications were systematic in nature to provide data for future quantitative structure-activity correlations.
ChemInform Abstract: Examination of the D2/5‐HT2 Affinity Ratios of Resolved 5,6,7,8,9,10‐ Hexahydro‐7,10‐iminocyclohept(b)indoles: An Enantioselective Approach Toward the Design of Potential Atypical Antipsychotics. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Kernel-based control of persistent web server connections (2001)

Several overload admission control architectures have been developed to protect web servers from overload. Some of these architectures base their admission decision on information found in the HTTP header. In this context, persistent connections represent a challenging problem since the HTTP header of the first request does not reveal any information about the resource consumption of the requests that might follow on the same connection. In this paper, we present an architecture that prevents uncontrollable server overload caused by persistent connections. We evaluate our approach by various experiments.
Bioluminescence Detection of Cells Having Stabilized p53 in Response to a Genotoxic Event (2004)

Inactivation of p53 is one of the most frequent molecular events in neoplastic transformation. Approximately 60% of all human tumors have mutations in both p53 alleles. Wild-type p53 activity is regulated in large part by the proteosome-dependent degradation of p53, resulting in a short p53 half-life in unstressed and untransformed cells. Activation of p53 by a variety of stimuli, including DNA damage induced by genotoxic drugs or radiation, is accomplished by stabilization of wild-type p53. The stabilized and active p53 can result in either cell-cycle arrest or apoptosis. Surprisingly, the majority of tumor-associated, inactivating p53 mutations also result in p53 accumulation. Thus, constitutive elevation of p53 levels in cells is a reliable measure of p53 inactivation, whereas transiently increased p53 levels reflect a recent genotoxic stress. In order to facilitate noninvasive imaging of p53 accumulation, we here describe the construction of a p53-luciferase fusion protein. Induction of DNA damage in cells expressing the fusion protein resulted in a time-dependent accumulation of the fusion that was noninvasively detected using bioluminescence imaging and validated by Western blot analysis. The p53-Luc protein retains p53 function because its expression in HCT116 cells lacking functional p53 resulted in activation of p21 expression as well as induction of apoptosis in response to a DNA damaging event. Employed in a transgenic animal model, the proposed p53-reporter fusion protein will be useful for studying p53 activation in response to exposure to DNA-damaging carcinogenic agents. It could also be used to study p53 stabilization as a result of inactivating p53 mutations. Such studies will further our understanding of p53's role as the “guardian of the genome” and its function in tumorigenesis.
ADVANCED TERRAIN PROCESSING: ANALYTICAL RESULTS OF FILLING VOIDS IN REMOTELY SENSED DATA (2009)

Void areas are a common and inherent characteristic of remotely sensed data. Voids occur for various reasons in remotely sensed or computationally derived terrain data whether produced, for example, from stereo photogrammetry, LIDAR, or IFSAR. The authors have previously developed and described a comprehensive terrain processing technology, LiteSite ® applicable to terrain data produced from diverse sources. In this paper we focus on one key element of LiteSite ® , our Terrain Inpainting technology. We provide a brief review of Terrain Inpainting, and discuss typical applications to various types of void fill from diverse sources. In particular, we highlight application to space-based and airborne IFSAR terrain data, and provide recent analytical results. Quantitative analyses are provided which illustrate Terrain Inpainting’s unique ability to provide metrics regarding error contribution of data voids to overall data set accuracy. Qualitative results illustrate other benefits such as Terrain Inpainting’s unique ability to minimize or eliminate undesirable terrain data artifacts.
Effective Size Reduction of the Metallic Waveguide Bandpass Filter with Metamaterial Resonators and Its 3D-Printed Version (2023)

In this paper, a novel method is proposed to effectively reduce the size of a waveguide bandpass filter (BPF). Because the metallic cavities make the conventional waveguide end up with a large geometry, especially for high-order BPFs, very compact waveguide-type resonators having metamaterial zeroth-order resonance (WG ZOR) are designed on the cross section of the waveguide and substituted for the cavities. While the cavities are half-wavelength resonators, the WG ZOR is shorter than one-eighth of a wavelength. A substantial reduction in the size and weight of the waveguide filter is observed as the resonators are cascaded in series through coupling elements in the X-band that is much longer than that in K- or Ka-bands. The proposed metamaterial filter is realized as a 3D-printed structure to be lighter and thus more suitable for low earth orbit (LEO) satellites. An X-band of 7.25–7.75 GHz is chosen to verify the method as the passband with an attenuation of 40 dB at 7.00 GHz and 8.00 GHz as the roll-off in the stopband. The BPF is manufactured in two ways, namely the CNC-milling technique and metal coating–added 3D printing. The design is carried out with a geometrical parameter of not 10−2 mm but rather 10-1 mm, which is good for manufacturers but challenging for component designers. The measurement of the manufactured metal waveguide filters reveals that the passband has about ≤1 dB and ≤−15 dB as the insertion loss and the reflection coefficient, respectively, and the stopband has an attenuation of ≤−40 dB, which are in good agreement with the results of the circuit and the simulation. The proposed filter has a length of 14 cm as the eighth-order BPF, but the conventional waveguide is 20 cm as the seventh-order BPF for the same area of the cross section.
Effects of dielectric relaxation in electrooptics of nematic cells (2009)

Recent experimental and theoretical results that link the phenomenon of dielectric relaxation in nematic liquid crystals (NLCs) to their dynamics and fast electro-optical switching are presented. Namely, we illustrate that the dielectric torque acting on the uniaxial nematic liquid crystal depends not only on the present value of the field and the present orientation of the director, but also on the prehistory of these two parameters. The resulting "dielectric memory" effect leads to a spectacular but counter-intuitive effect: director relaxation during the "switch-off" stage can be accelerated if instead of the abrupt vertical back edge, one uses a voltage pulse with a non-instantaneously vanishing back edge. The acceleration effect can be enhanced with a short high voltage pulse at the end of the "switch on" process.
Expression of Pili by Haemophilus ducreyi (1992)

Journal Article Expression of Pili by Haemophilus ducreyi Get access Anthony Castellazzo, Anthony Castellazzo Departments ofMedicine and Microbiology, School ofMedicine, State University ofNew York at Buffalo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Marlene Shero, Marlene Shero Departments ofMedicine and Microbiology, School ofMedicine, State University ofNew York at Buffalo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michael A. Apicella, Michael A. Apicella Departments ofMedicine and Microbiology, School ofMedicine, State University ofNew York at Buffalo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Stanley M. Spinola Stanley M. Spinola Departments ofMedicine and Microbiology, School ofMedicine, State University ofNew York at Buffalo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 165, Issue Supplement_1, June 1992, Pages S198–S199, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/165-Supplement_1-S198 Published: 01 June 1992
A new method of constructing CD20/CD22 bispecfic antibody fusion proteins with improved direct lymphoma cytotoxicity compared to rituximab (2006)

2536 Background: Anti-CD20 and anti-CD22 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) have been shown to have antitumor activity in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) patients. Since preclinical and clinical trials also suggested that combining CD20 and CD22 MAbs, which have different mechanisms of action, could improve antitumor activity without a commensurate increase in toxicity, we hypothesized that a therapeutic advantage may be achieved with bispecific MAbs that bind simultaneously to both CD20 and CD22. Methods: A new platform technology, termed the Dock and Lock method (DNL), was successfully applied to produce a trivalent bispecific antibody, named TF3, which comprises two recombinant Fab fragments of hA20 (humanized anti-CD20 MAb; IMMU-106) stably tethered to one recombinant Fab fragment of epratuzumab (humanized anti-CD22 MAb; IMMU-103) via the specific interaction between a dimerization-and-docking domain and an anchoring domain appended to hA20 and epratuzumab, respectively. The cytotoxicity of TF3 was evaluated by cell-based assays using NHL cell lines. Results: TF3 is stable in both human and mouse sera andexhibitsthe samebinding affinity as hA20 IgG or epratuzumab Fab by competitive ELISA. With a 3-day MTT assay, TF3 at 10 nM inhibited 50% and 60% growth of Daudi and Ramos cells, respectively. Further, the observed anti-proliferative activity increased synergistically to &gt;90% in the presence of anti-IgM (0.1 μg/mL). Results from a cell counting assay also demonstrated the ability of TF3 at 1 μM to completely inhibit the growth of Daudi and the potency of TF3 at 1 nM was comparable to that of rituximab at 1 μM under the same experimental conditions, reflecting a 1000-fold enhancement. Conclusions: These findings, to be extended by ongoing in vivo studies, suggest that the new DNL platform technology for making bispecific antibody fusion proteins provided a CD20/CD22 binding protein that is significantly more potent than rituximab in an in vitro NHL direct cytotoxicity assay. [Table: see text]
Automatic Transcription of Melody, Bass Line, and Chords in Polyphonic Music (2008)

September 01 2008 Automatic Transcription of Melody, Bass Line, and Chords in Polyphonic Music Matti P. Ryynänen, Matti P. Ryynänen Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Anssi P. Klapuri Anssi P. Klapuri Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Author and Article Information Matti P. Ryynänen Anssi P. Klapuri Online ISSN: 1531-5169 Print ISSN: 0148-9267 © 2008 Massachusetts Institute of Technology2008 Computer Music Journal (2008) 32 (3): 72–86. https://doi.org/10.1162/comj.2008.32.3.72 Cite Icon Cite Permissions Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Search Site Citation Matti P. Ryynänen, Anssi P. Klapuri; Automatic Transcription of Melody, Bass Line, and Chords in Polyphonic Music. Computer Music Journal 2008; 32 (3): 72–86. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/comj.2008.32.3.72 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsComputer Music Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2008 Massachusetts Institute of Technology2008 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
High-Accuracy Localization for Assisted Living: 5G systems will turn multipath channels from foe to friend (2016)

Assisted living (AL) technologies, enabled by technical advances such as the advent of the Internet of Things, are increasingly gaining importance in our aging society. This article discusses the potential of future high-accuracy localization systems as a key component of AL applications. Accurate location information can be tremendously useful to realize, e.g., behavioral monitoring, fall detection, and real-time assistance. Such services are expected to provide older adults and people with disabilities with more independence and thus to reduce the cost of caretaking. Total cost of ownership and ease of installation are paramount to make sensor systems for AL viable. In case of a radio-based indoor localization system, this implies that a conventional solution is unlikely to gain widespread adoption because of its requirement to install multiple fixed nodes (anchors) in each room. This article therefore places its focus on 1) discussing radiolocalization methods that reduce the required infrastructure by exploiting information from reflected multipath components (MPCs) and 2) showing that knowledge about the propagation environment enables localization with high accuracy and robustness. It is demonstrated that new millimeter-wave (mm-wave) technology, under investigation for 5G communications systems, will be able to provide centimeter (cm)-accuracy indoor localization in a robust manner, ideally suited for AL.
Gradient Adaptive Lattice Algorithm Suitable for Fixed Point Implementation (2008)

The lattice-based implementations of the gradient adaptive algorithms offer improved convergence rate capabilities, especially for high correlated inputs. In the classical gradient adaptive lattice (GAL) algorithm a division operation per stage is used, which significant grows the computational complexity in a fixed-point implementation context. In this paper, an approximate version of the GAL algorithm is proposed. This algorithm replaces the division operation by three multiplication operations and one addition operation. The simulation results prove that this algorithm keeps the rate of convergence and the good numerical properties of the classical GAL algorithm.
The use of palladium chloride as a precatalyst for the amination of aryl bromides (2001)

The use of palladium chloride as a precatalyst for the amination of aryl bromides is reported. To overcome the poor solubility of palladium chloride in commonly used solvents, a procedure was developed in which PdCl 2 was preheated with neat amine in the presence of a phosphine ligand before the addition of the other reaction components. This protocol is effective for a broad range of substrate combinations using several types of phosphine ligands.Key words: palladium chloride, amination, aryl bromide, phosphine ligand.