gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimization of wireless multi-hop networks with random access (2011)

Cross-layer design of medium access, routing and congestion control is considered for multi-hop wireless ad hoc networks with random access. A network utility maximization frame-work is adopted to jointly optimize link persistence probabilities, per-link flow rates, and end-to-end throughput. The optimization problem with flow conservation and probabilistic random access constraints is inherently non-convex. A series of convex surrogate problems is thus formulated using a successive convex approximation technique. A distributed algorithm is then developed based on the dual method, which is convergent to a (locally) optimal solution. To much practical appeal, solutions to the subproblems corresponding to different layers of the protocol stack, are obtained at each node with very low computational complexity. Numerical tests verify the proposed novel design.
High-Voltage MOSFET-Based Stacked RF Switch With Extended Bandwidth Down to DC (2023)

State-of-art stacked MOSFET-based RF switches cannot handle DC voltages exceeding maximum ratings of individual transistors in stack. In this paper a shunt switch constructed from stacked low-voltage transistors and capable of handling high DC and AC voltages in OFF-state is demonstrated for the first time. The DC voltage handling capability is achieved by introducing a resistive gate bias network coupled to the poles of the switch. An analytical model of the bias network is presented in the paper. A hardware prototype of the proposed device has been implemented in a dedicated 65 nm RF-switch SOI-CMOS process. The measurements of a 20-stack switch demonstrated peak RF and DC voltage handling of 20 V with the potential for further improvement and state-of-art linearity.
Quantification of power amplifiers' static and dynamic distortions using frequency domain metrics (2013)

The quantification of power amplifiers' distortions during the design stage is important in order to optimize their linearizability. For wideband signals such as LTE-Advanced, time domain characterization of power amplifiers requires specialized and costly measurement equipments. This paper proposes an approach for characterizing the distortions of power amplifiers based on frequency domain metrics. Accordingly, power amplifiers' static as well as dynamic distortions are quantified using the adjacent channel leakage ratio and the spectrum asymmetry index, respectively. Both metrics are defined in the frequency domain and can be extracted from the measured spectrum at the amplifier's output. The proposed metrics were applied for the characterization of two Doherty power amplifiers prototypes. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed approach in comparing the strength of static distortions and memory effects of power amplifiers prototypes.
627 A feasibility study of using an ICD function for warning pulmonary edema in a volume overload acute canine model (2005)

Innocor, Innovision), impedance cardiography (ICG, CNSystems) and the aortic Doppler time velocity integral (TVI).Measurements were obtained at rest with the patient in supine and upright position and during limited bicycle exercise (20 W).RB was used as the reference method.Results: CO estimates from the KIM correlated well with RB in all body positions and during limited exercise and was better correlated with RB compared with ICG and TVI (table).During exercise, ICG was not useful for CO estimation due to artifacts by body movement.Cola'elation with RB (1") IHM ICG VTI Supine 0.88** 0.64* 0.47 Upright 0.66* 0.49 0.54 Exercise 0.62 0.08 not pel-folrned *p<0.05;**p<0.001Conclusion: A right ventricular pressure contour algorithm derived from an implanted hemodynamic monitor provides a reasonable estimate of CO in patients with CHE The CO estimate from the IHM was superior to ICG and TVI.The algorithm may increase the ability of continuous monitoring to assess acute and chronic hemodyanmic changes in patients with CIIF.
Concept Drift (2005)

Traditional approaches to data mining are based on an assumption that the process that generated or is generating a data stream is static. Although this assumption holds for many applications, it does not hold for many others. Consider systems that build models for identifying important e-mail. Through interaction with and feedback from a user, such a system might determine that particular e-mail addresses and certain words of the subject are useful for predicting the importance of e-mail. However, when the user or the persons sending e-mail start other projects or take on additional responsibilities, what constitutes important e-mail will change. That is, the concept of important e-mail will change or drift. Such a system must be able to adapt its model or concept description in response to this change. Coping with or tracking concept drift is important for other applications, such as market-basket analysis, intrusion detection, and intelligent user interfaces, to name a few.
Harnessing the Aqueous Chemistry of Silicon: Self-Assembling Porous Silicon/Silica Microribbons (2019)

The synthesis of microribbons based on the assembly of porous silicon nanoparticles (pSiNPs) in a silica matrix is reported. The formation of these structures is driven by dissolution and reprecipitation of silica derived from the NPs upon drying of an aqueous colloidal dispersion. The process generates composite films that fracture into filaments due to geometric stresses associated with drying of the film on a curved surface. By controlling NP concentration, solvent, and temperature during the evaporation process, well-defined microribbons with a rectangular cross section of ∼25 × 100 microns and lengths on the order of 1 cm are formed. Partial thermal oxidation of the ribbons generates luminescent Si-SiO<sub>2</sub> core-shell composites, and complete oxidation generates porous SiO<sub>2</sub> ribbons with retention of the mesoporous nanostructure. The pores can be infiltrated with daunorubicin as a model drug, and the resulting material shows sustained release of the chemotherapeutic for more than 70 days.
The small GTP-binding protein Cdc42 is required for nerve growth factor withdrawal-induced neuronal death (1998)

An increase in the level of the c-Jun transcription factor and of its phosphorylation has previously been shown to be essential for nerve growth factor (NGF) withdrawal-induced apoptosis of rat sympathetic neurons (SCG). The Rho-like GTPases Cdc42 and Rac1 are involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes, including activation of the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway. Therefore, we have investigated the role of these GTPases in this process. Overexpression of activated Rac1 or Cdc42 in SCG neurons maintained in the presence of NGF induced apoptosis, whereas expression of dominant negative mutants of Cdc42 or Rac1 blocked apoptosis following NGF withdrawal. Cdc42 activation produced an increase in the level of c-Jun and of its phosphorylation. Furthermore, Cdc42-induced death was prevented by coexpressing the c-Jun dominant negative FLAGDelta169. Thus, Cdc42 appears to function as an initiator of neuronal cell death by activating a transcriptional pathway regulated by c-Jun.
2,3‐Dibromo‐1‐(Phenylsulfonyl)‐1‐Propene as a Versatile Reagent for the Synthesis of Furans and Cyclopentenones: 2‐Methyl‐4‐[(Phenyl‐Sulfonyl)Methyl]Furan and 2‐Methyl‐3‐[(Phenylsulfonyl)Methyl]‐2‐Cyclopenten‐1‐One (2003)

Abstract 2,3‐dibromo‐1‐(phenylsulfonyl)‐1‐propene as a versatile reagent for the synthesis of furans and cyclopentenones: 2‐methyl‐4‐[(phenyl‐sulfonyl)methyl]furan and 2‐methyl‐3‐[(phenylsulfonyl)methyl]‐2‐cyclopenten‐1‐one intermediate: 1‐(phenylsulfonyl)‐1,2‐propadiene intermediate: 2,3‐dibromo‐1‐(phenylsulfonyl)‐1‐propene product: 2‐methyl‐4‐[(phenylsulfonyl)methyl]furan product: 2‐methyl‐3‐[(phenylsulfonyl)methyl]‐2‐cyclopenten‐1‐one
Top-gate staggered poly(3,3″′-dialkyl-quarterthiophene) organic thin-film transistors with reverse-offset-printed silver source/drain electrodes (2012)

Here, we report on high-performance top-gated poly(3,3″′-dialkyl-quarterthiophene) (PQT-12) organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) with reverse-offset-printed (ROP) silver (Ag) source/drain (S/D) electrodes. OTFT devices with ROP S/D electrodes using Ag nanopaste show higher performance (∼0.01 cm2/Vs) than those fabricated by vacuum electron beam evaporation with conventional photolithography and a standard lift-off process (∼1 × 10−3 cm2/Vs). This dissimilarity is attributed to the higher work function (−4.9 eV) of the ROP Ag electrode due to AgO formation on the Ag surface during thermal annealing. This results in a low interfacial hole injection energy barrier between the S/D electrodes and the PQT-12 semiconductor.
The role of poly(aspartic acid) in the precipitation of calcium phosphate in confinement (2013)

Many questions remain regarding the formation of ultrathin hydroxapatite (HAP) crystals within the confines of collagen fibrils of bones. These structures form through the interplay of the collagen matrix and non-collagenous proteins, and in vitro mineralization studies employing poly(aspartic acid) (PAsp) as a mimic of the non-collagenous proteins have generated mineralized fibrils with structures comparable to their biogenic counterparts. In this article, we employ the nanoscale cylindrical pores perforating track-etch filtration membranes to investigate the role of PAsp in controlling the infiltration and crystallization of calcium phosphate (CaP) within confined volumes. Oriented polycrystalline HAP and non-oriented octacalcium phosphate (OCP) rods precipitated within the membrane pores via an amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) precursor, where PAsp increased the proportion of OCP rods. Further, ACP crystallized faster within the membranes than in bulk solution when PAsp was present, suggesting that PAsp inhibits crystallization in solution, but promotes it when bound to a substrate. Finally, in contrast to the collagen system, PAsp reduced the yield of intra-membrane mineral and failed to enhance infiltration. This suggests that a specific interaction between the collagen matrix and ACP/PAsp precursor particles drives effective infiltration. Thus, while orientation of HAP crystals can be achieved by confinement alone, the chemistry of the collagen matrix is necessary for efficient mineralisation with CaP.
(Invited) Voltage Ramp Stress Based Stress-And-Sense Test Method For Reliability Characterization of Hf-Base High-k/Metal Gate Stacks For CMOS Technologies (2011)

Traditionally, the reliability of gate oxides is mostly evaluated using a Constant Voltage Stress, CVS, based stress-and-sense methodology, in which a constant stress voltage is interrupted to quantify the degradation. In this paper, we discuss the use of a Voltage-Ramp Stress, VRS, based stress-and-sense method in which the stress voltage is ramped at a constant rate and degradation is quantified by interrupting the VRS at increasingly higher stress voltages. The two methods are used and compared for dielectric breakdown and bias temperature instability measurements using high-k/metal gate stacks. It is shown that the two methods can be used interchangeably, producing very similar reliability assessments. It is shown that the VRS method, however, has distinct advantages over a CVS approach. It is fast and 'foolproof', providing reliable information on the voltage acceleration without any prior knowledge on the dynamics of the degradation. The use of a VRS is therefore well suited for monitoring reliability parameters during gate stack and process development, and during device optimization, where large variations in the reliability parameters are common.
Hyperspectral landcover classification for the Yakima Training Center, Yakima, Washington (1998)

The US Department of Energy`s (DOE`s) Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) was tasked in FY97-98 to conduct a multisensor feature extraction project for the Terrain Modeling Project Office (TMPO) of the National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA). The goal of this research is the development of near-autonomous methods to remotely classify and characterize regions of military interest, in support of the TMPO of NIMA. These methods exploit remotely sensed datasets including hyperspectral (HYDICE) imagery, near-infrared and thermal infrared (Daedalus 3600), radar, and terrain datasets. The study site for this project is the US Army`s Yakima Training Center (YTC), a 326,741-acre training area located near Yakima, Washington. Two study areas at the YTC were selected to conduct and demonstrate multisensor feature extraction, the 2-km x 2-km Cantonment Area and the 3-km x 3-km Choke Point area. Classification of the Cantonment area afforded a comparison of classification results at different scales.
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-deficient mice are protected from streptozotocin-induced diabetes (1999)

Streptozotocin (STZ) selectively destroys insulin-producing beta islet cells of the pancreas providing a model of type I diabetes. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is a nuclear enzyme whose overactivation by DNA strand breaks depletes its substrate NAD+ and then ATP, leading to cellular death from energy depletion. We demonstrate DNA damage and a major activation of PARP in pancreatic islets of STZ-treated mice. These mice display a 500% increase in blood glucose and major pancreatic islet damage. In mice with homozygous targeted deletion of PARP (PARP -/-), blood glucose and pancreatic islet structure are normal, indicating virtually total protection from STZ diabetes. Partial protection occurs in PARP +/- animals. Thus, PARP activation may participate in the pathophysiology of type I diabetes, for which PARP inhibitors might afford therapeutic benefit.
Supplementary Information from Neoadjuvant <i>In Situ</i> Immunomodulation Enhances Systemic Antitumor Immunity against Highly Metastatic Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Information&lt;/p&gt;
Supplementary Tables from E7386, a Selective Inhibitor of the Interaction between β-Catenin and CBP, Exerts Antitumor Activity in Tumor Models with Activated Canonical Wnt Signaling (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S1, Table S4, Table S5, Table S6, Table S7. Supplementary Table S1: The list of DEGs by nCounter analysis (|Fold change| &gt; 1.25, P &lt; 0.1). Supplementary Table S4: Top 10 enriched pathways identified by RNA-Seq analysis in MMTV-Wnt1 model. Supplementary Table S5: The result of CIBERSORT analysis. Supplementary Table S6: The lists of antibody for flow cytometry analysis. Supplementary Table S7: Comparison of Physicochemical property between E7386 and C-82.&lt;/p&gt;
Simple way of pinpointing the three-dimensional position of biomarkers in fluorescence microscopy using a through-focus exposure method (2011)

The author proposes a method to identify the three-dimensional positions of fluorescent biomarkers by recording just two images. In the proposed method, the x and y positions of all fluorescent markers are recorded in the first exposure, and the z positions are obtained from a blurred image in the second exposure. The author has verified this method using a specimen with 1 μm deep grooves and applied it to measuring chromatic aberration and the separation between two biological probes in fluorescence in situ hybridization cells. The method offers the advantage of greatly reduced data storage requirements.
Automated Antibody De Novo Sequencing and Its Utility in Biopharmaceutical Discovery (2017)

Applications of antibody de novo sequencing in the biopharmaceutical industry range from the discovery of new antibody drug candidates to identifying reagents for research and determining the primary structure of innovator products for biosimilar development. When murine, phage display, or patient-derived monoclonal antibodies against a target of interest are available, but the cDNA or the original cell line is not, de novo protein sequencing is required to humanize and recombinantly express these antibodies, followed by in vitro and in vivo testing for functional validation. Availability of fully automated software tools for monoclonal antibody de novo sequencing enables efficient and routine analysis. Here, we present a novel method to automatically de novo sequence antibodies using mass spectrometry and the Supernovo software. The robustness of the algorithm is demonstrated through a series of stress tests. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
Fractal LAMP: Label-Free Analysis of Fractal Precipitate for Digital Loop-Mediated Isothermal Nucleic Acid Amplification (2020)

Nucleic acid amplification assays including loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) are routinely used in diagnosing diseases and monitoring water and food quality. The results of amplification in these assays are commonly measured with an analog fluorescence readout, which requires specialized optical equipment and can lack quantitative precision. Digital analysis of amplification in small fluid compartments based on exceeding a threshold fluorescence level can enhance the quantitative precision of nucleic acid assays (i.e., digital nucleic acid amplification assays), but still requires specialized optical systems for fluorescence readout and the inclusion of a fluorescent dye. Here, we report Fractal LAMP, an automated method to detect amplified DNA in subnanoliter scale droplets following LAMP in a label-free manner. Our computer vision algorithm achieves high accuracy detecting DNA amplification in droplets by identifying LAMP byproducts that form fractal structures observable in brightfield microscopy. The capabilities of Fractal LAMP are further realized by developing a Bayesian model to estimate DNA concentrations for unknown samples and a bootstrapping method to estimate the number of droplets required to achieve target limits of detection. This digital, label-free assay has the potential to lower reagent and reader cost for nucleic acid measurement while maintaining high quantitative accuracy over 3 orders of magnitude of concentration.
Regression Analysis of 4′-(9-Acridinylamino) Methanesulphon-m-Anisidide (m-AMSA) Analogue Properties Providing High Dose-Potency in Leukaemia L1210 Assays (1980)

From among a large number of acridine derivatives screened for antitumour activity, m-AMSA (Scheme 1; Figure 1), has been found to provide excellent tumour inhibition in a range of model animal systems (Cain & Atwell, 1974). The high, broad spectrum, experimental activity of this compound has prompted clinical trials and existing indications are that this agent has clinical activity against certain categories of cancer (Von Hoff, Howser, Gormley, Bender, Glaubiger, Levine & Young, 1978; Legha, Blumenschein, Buzdar, Hartobagyi & Bodey, 1979).
Fire and Explosion Investigations: Why Heavy Trucks May Burn (2006)

There is a basic misconception that diesel fuel does not explode and/or ignite upon a collision or impact. This particular chain of events, in fact, does occur. However, it is not always thoroughly investigated or understood. The purpose of this paper, through mechanical analysis and accident reconstruction, is to inform truck manufacturers and operators of this hazard. In addition, it will supply design alternatives that will aid in mitigating and/or preventing injuries altogether.
Preliminary Observations on the Metabolic Responses to Exercise in Humans, Using 31 ‐Phosphorus Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1982)

The new non-invasive method of 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has been applied for the first time to human muscle. The metabolic response to exercise--a fall in intracellular pH, a fall in phosphocreatine content, and an increase in inorganic phosphate (Pi) content--occurs without any change in ATP content of the exercised muscle. Abnormal spectra occur in two myopathies examined to date: in McArdle's syndrome, pH rises during exercise, in contrast to the normal fall; and, in an unusual mitochondrial myopathy, Pi content is high, relative to phosphocreatine content, and in keeping with an excessive oxygen consumption in this patient. Intracellular pH reflected, in addition, the systemic pH of the subject; the anticipated abnormalities in muscle pH have been observed in association with lactic acidosis, renal failure and hyperventilation.
Passivated Luminescent Porous Silicon (2001)

Freshly prepared porous silicon (PSi) surfaces have been modified with different organic molecules such as alkenes (1-decene, ethyl undecylenate) and nonconjugated dienes (1,7-octadiene) in a thermal process to yield organic monolayers covalently attached to the surface through Si-C bonds. These monolayers have been characterized using diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform, X-ray photoelectron, and Raman spectroscopies. Derivatized surfaces have shown a high stability in boiling aqueous and organic solvents, and in 49% HF and KOH (pH 13) solutions at room temperature. They protect the surface against oxidation when exposed to air at 100% humidity. The high passivation of the surface implies also photoluminescence (PL) stabilization. In fact, the modified surfaces retained their original PL, and the chemical process affected neither the peak position nor the intensity. The PL was preserved even after a steam treatment for several weeks, while the hydrogen-terminated porous layer was completely transformed into a transparent oxide. © 2001 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
119. Prospective Validation of a 3-Gene Signature for Tuberculosis Diagnosis, Predicting Progression and Evaluating Treatment Response (2018)

Abstract Background The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified the need for a nonsputum-based triage test for tuberculosis (TB) that can be used to identify those who need further testing to identify active disease. We investigated whether our previously described 3-gene TB score could identify individuals with active tuberculosis (ATB) prior to seeking care (“active case detection”) and how the 3-gene TB score correlated with the timing of disease onset, disease severity, and response to treatment. Methods This study consisted of a prospective nested case–control trial, Brazil Active Screening Study (BASS; 2016), and re-analysis of data from 2 prospective cohort studies, the Adolescent Cohort Study (ACS; 2005–2007), and the Catalysis Treatment Response Cohort (CTRC; 2010–2013). The BASS case–control subcohort contained 81 adults (ages 20–72 years, 33 ATB, 48 controls). The ACS contained 153 adolescents (ages 12–18 years, 46 ATB, 107 LTBI). The CTRC-contained 138 adults (ages 17–67 years, 100 ATB, 17 other lung disease patients, 21 healthy controls). Results The 3-gene TB score diagnosed ATB patients with high accuracy: BASS cohort AUC = 0.87 (95% CI = 0.82–0.91, Figure 1A), ACS cohort AUC = 0.86 (95% CI = 0.76–0.97, Figure 1B), and CTRC AUC = 0.93 (95% CI = 0.88–0.97). In the ACS, the 3-gene TB score predicted progression from LTBI to ATB 6 months prior to positive sputum test (AUC = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.79–0.92, Figure 1B). In the CTRC, the 3-gene TB score correlated with glycolytic activity ratio of PET-CT at baseline (correlation = 0.54, P = 3.98 × 10−8, Figure 1C) and at the end of treatment (correlation = −0.408, P = 3.72 × 10−5). In the CTRC, the 3-gene TB score at baseline predicted the likelihood of prolonged sputum positivity following treatment initiation and treatment response at 6 months (P = 3.6 × 10−5). Collectively, across all cohorts, the 3-gene TB score identified ATB patients with 90% sensitivity and 70% specificity, and had 99% negative predictive value (NPV) at 5% prevalence. Conclusion Across 3 independent prospective cohorts, the 3-gene TB score closely approaches the WHO target product profile benchmarks for non-sputum–based triage test at high NPV. These performance characteristics make it a potential test for ruling out ATB and for monitoring disease status. Disclosures T. E. Sweeney, Inflammatix, Inc.: Employee and Shareholder, Salary. P. Khatri, Inflammatix Inc.: Board Member, Equity