gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acetone (2010)

The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Physical Properties 3. Chemical Properties 4. Production 4.1. Cumene Oxidation (Hock Process) 4.2. Dehydrogenation of 2-Propanol 4.3. Propene Oxidation 4.4. Oxidation of 2-Propanol 4.5. Oxidation of p-Diisopropyl Benzene 4.6. Fermentation of Biomass 5. Environmental Protection 6. Quality Specifications and Analysis 7. Storage and Transportation 8. Uses 8.1. Methyl Methacrylate 8.2. Bisphenol A 8.3. Aldol Chemicals 8.4. Solvent Uses 9. Economic Aspects 10. Toxicology and Occupational Health 11. Derivatives 11.1. Acetone Cyanohydrin 11.2. Diacetone Alcohol 11.3. Miscellaneous Derivatives
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Hydrosilylation of Ketones with a Chiral Titanocene Catalyst. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Multilevel Incremental Unknowns preconditioner for solving an acoustic scattering problem (2005)

International audience
Managing Systemic Light-Chain Amyloidosis (2007)

Amyloidosis is a rare disease in which a specific protein is deposited as aggregated interstitial fibrils that can compromise organ function and lead to death. Immunoglobulin (Ig) light-chain amyloidosis (AL), caused by the monoclonal gammopathy of a plasma cell dyscrasia, is the most common type. A hereditary type is also caused by mutant transthyretin and other proteins. Rarely, a patient with amyloid has both a monoclonal gammopathy and a hereditary protein. In AL, circulating monoclonal Ig light chains can be measured with the free light-chain (FLC) assay and provide a target for therapy to eliminate the underlying plasma cell dyscrasia while supporting the patient's organ function. Amyloid deposits can be resorbed and organ function restored if the amyloid-forming precursor FLC is eliminated. For patients with limited organ involvement, intravenous melphalan in doses from 100 to 200 mg/m2 with autologous stem cell support (SCT) is an effective approach and, when followed at 3 months post-SCT with adjuvant thalidomide and dexamethasone for persistent plasma cell disease, has a 1-year hematologic response rate of 77%. Monthly oral melphalan and dexamethasone for 1 year can also be effective therapy for patients too sick for SCT (67% response rate). Hematologic complete responses are usually durable and result in long-term survival and a variable degree of organ recovery. For patients with advanced cardiac involvement, the prognosis remains guarded even with treatment. Drugs effective in multiple myeloma are usually active in AL, depending on side effects. New agents such as bortezomib and lenalidomide have shown promising activity, and novel antibody-based approaches for imaging amyloid and accelerating removal of deposits are being actively investigated.
Model-Driven Network Monitoring Using NetFlow Applied to Threat Detection (2022)

In recent years, several research works have proposed the analysis of network flow information using machine learning in order to detect threats or anomalous activities. In this sense, NetFlow-based systems stand out as one of the main sources of network flow information. In these systems, NetFlow collectors provide the flow monitoring information to be analyzed, but the particular information structure and format provided by different collector implementations is a recurring problem. In this paper, a new YANG data model is proposed as a standard model to use NetFlow-based monitoring data. In order to validate the proposal, a NetFlow collector incorporating the proposed NetFlow YANG model has been developed, to be integrated in a network scenario in which network flows are analyzed to detect malicious cryptomining activity. This collector extends an existing one, and provides design patterns to incorporate other existing collectors into this common data model. Our results show how, by using the YANG modeling language, network flow information can be handled and aggregated in a formal and unified way that provides flexibility and facilitates data analysis applied to threat detection.
3D geographic network displays (1996)

Many types of information may be represented as graphs or networks with the nodes corresponding to entities and the links to relationships between entities. Often there is geographical information associated with the network. The traditional way to visualize geographical networks employs node and link displays on a two-dimensional map. These displays are easily overwhelmed, and for large networks become visually cluttered and confusing. To overcome these problems we have invented five novel network views that generalize the traditional displays. Two of the views show the complete network, while the other three concentrate on a portion of a larger network defined by connectivity to a given node. Our new visual metaphors retain many of the well-known advantages of the traditional network maps, while exploiting three-dimensional graphics to address some of the fundamental problems limiting the scalability of two-dimensional displays.
ChemInform Abstract: CLAISEN REARRANGEMENT OF SOME CINNAMYLOXY‐4‐METHYLCOUMARINS (1979)

Abstract Hinsichtlich de Diskussion der Substituenteneffekte in Cumarinen werden die Claisenumlagerungen der Cinnamylether (I), (IV) und (VI) ‐ dargestellt durch Sieden entsprechender Hydroxycumarine mit Cinnamylbromid in Gegenwart von K 2 CO 3 und Aceton ‐ untersucht.
Sparse synthetic aperture with Fresnel elements (S-SAFE) using digital incoherent holograms (2015)

Creating a large-scale synthetic aperture makes it possible to break the resolution boundaries dictated by the wave nature of light of common optical systems. However, their implementation is challenging, since the generation of a large size continuous mosaic synthetic aperture composed of many patterns is complicated in terms of both phase matching and time-multiplexing duration. In this study we present an advanced configuration for an incoherent holographic imaging system with super resolution qualities that creates a partial synthetic aperture. The new system, termed sparse synthetic aperture with Fresnel elements (S-SAFE), enables significantly decreasing the number of the recorded elements, and it is free from positional constrains on their location. Additionally, in order to obtain the best image quality we propose an optimal mosaicking structure derived on the basis of physical and numerical considerations, and introduce three reconstruction approaches which are compared and discussed. The super-resolution capabilities of the proposed scheme and its limitations are analyzed, numerically simulated and experimentally demonstrated.
Flashback and Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder: clinical aspects and pharmacological treatment approach. (2002)

One unique characteristic of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and LSD-like substances is the recurrence of some of the symptoms which appeared during the intoxication after the immediate effect of the hallucinogen has worn off. This recurring syndrome, mainly visual, has not been clearly understood, appreciated or distinguished from other clinical entities by clinicians. The terms Flashback and Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder (HPPD) are used interchangeably in the professional literature. Flashback is a usually short-term, non-distressing, spontaneous, recurrent, reversible and benign condition accompanied by a pleasant affect. In contrast, HPPD is a generally long-term, distressing, spontaneous, recurrent, pervasive, either slowly reversible or irreversible, non-benign condition accompanied by an unpleasant dysphoric affect. Flashback and HPPD appear to be part of a vast and broad spectrum of non-psychopathological and psychopathological states reported by hallucinogen users. Pharmacological agents such as clonidine, perphenazine and clonazepan have been shown to ameliorate this syndrome in some of the individuals seeking treatment.
Extended wavelength InGaAs detectors-recent progress in new materials for bandgap wavelengths λ/sub g/&lt;1.65 μm (2003)

Applications for night vision, remote sensing and spectroscopy have increased interest in the 1.65 /spl mu/m to 2.5 /spl mu/m wavelength band. New detectors and detector materials with access to this range of wavelengths are particularly desirable due to the limited utility of HgCdTe, InAs, InSb, and lattice-mismatched InGaAs devices. HgCdTe is plagued by material growth issues and the narrow bandgaps of InAs and InSb result in detectors with large dark currents at room temperature. Furthermore, GaInAsSb devices grown on GaSb substrates have dark currents in the microamp range for detectors as small as 100 /spl mu/m diameter. The most successful commercial detector in this wavelength band is lattice-mismatched InGaAs; which, when grown on buffer layers of relaxed InAsP, results in detectors with acceptable dark currents and high bandwidth. However, residual defects in the epitaxial layers, as well as the lack of integration capability with InP electronics, necessitate the exploration of novel materials and device structures.
The Entwined African and Asian Genetic Roots of the Medieval Peoples of the Swahili Coast (2022)

The peoples of the Swahili coast of eastern Africa established a literate urban culture by the second millennium CE. They traded across eastern Africa and the Indian Ocean and were among the first sub-Saharan practitioners of Islam. An open question has been the extent to which these early interactions between Africans and non-Africans were accompanied by genetic admixture. We report genome-wide ancient DNA from 80 individuals in five medieval and early modern (1300-1800 CE) coastal towns, as well as people from an inland town postdating 1650 CE. Over half of the ancestry of most coastal individuals came from African ancestors; these African ancestors were primarily female. A slightly smaller proportion of ancestry was from Asia. This Asian component was approximately eighty to ninety percent from Near Eastern males and ten to twenty percent from Indian females. Peoples of African and Asian origins began to mix by around 1000 CE, a time when archaeological evidence documents changes on the coast that are often interpreted as marking the large-scale adoption of Islam. Before roughly 1500 CE, the Near Eastern ancestry detected in the individuals was mainly Persian-related, consistent with the narrative of the Kilwa Chronicle, the oldest history told by the Swahili themselves. After this time, the sources of Near Eastern ancestry became increasingly Arabian, consistent with the archaeological and historical evidence of growing interactions between the Swahili coast and parts of southern Arabia. Subsequent interactions of Swahili coast peoples with other Asian and African groups further changed the ancestry of present-day peoples relative to the ancient individuals we sequenced, highlighting how Swahili genetic legacies can be more clearly understood with ancient DNA.
Brown Stem Rot Resistance in Soybean Germ Plasm from Central China (1997)

Soybean accessions from China were screened in an attempt to identify unique sources of resistance to Phialophora gregata, the cause of brown stem rot. In 1994, over 500 accessions from the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, were evaluated in the field at Urbana, IL, for reaction to brown stem rot. The accessions originated from nine provinces in central China and ranged in maturity from groups II to IV. Disease assessment was based on incidence of foliar symptoms and severity of stem symptoms produced by infection with natural inoculum. Based on field results, 64 putatively resistant lines were selected and evaluated in the greenhouse by a root-dip inoculation method. Thirteen accessions with levels of resistance equal to those of resistant standards were identified from five provinces. These lines may have value as donors of unique sources of resistance to brown stem rot.
ChemInform Abstract: Taking Advantage of Liquid Ammonia to Control the Surface Modification of Silicon Electrodes. (1987)

Abstract The use of NH 3 (l) of low H 2 O content or of anhydrous NH 3 allows the reliable and reproducible characterization of silicon electrodes and the reversible in situ surface modification from an oxidized surface to an oxide‐free one.
An Unusual Crystallization Behavior in Polyamide 6/Montmorillonite Nanocomposites (2001)

The crystallization behavior and structure of polyamide 6 (PA6) nanocomposites containing 3 wt.-% montmorillonite (MMT) were investigated for different cooling conditions using differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. In sharp contrast to PA6 and other semicrystalline polymers, increased cooling rates resulted in higher crystallinity of PA6/MMT. The highest crystallinity (60.8%) occurred in the liquid nitrogen-quenched PA6/MMT film. The results show that the γ-crystalline form is dominant in the rapidly cooled PA6/MMT.
System-Level Optimization of Switched-Capacitor VRM and Core for Sub/Near- <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="TeX">$V_{t}$</tex-math></inline-formula> Computing (2014)

This brief proposes to jointly optimize a switched capacitor voltage regulator module (SC-VRM) combined with a compute core to minimize system energy per instruction. Past work seeking to optimize system energy efficiency has focused on separately maximizing SC-VRM efficiency or operating the compute core at its minimum energy operating point (MEOP). We first propose and verify a core-aware SC-VRM energy model, which explicitly accounts for throughput constraints. Second, we perform joint optimization considering throughput unconstrained applications (TUA) and throughput constrained applications (TCAs). We show that, for TUA, the system MEOP (S-MEOP) voltage is different from both the core MEOP (C-MEOP) and VRM maximum efficiency point (V-MEP) voltages, and operating at S-MEOP achieves 12.3% and 21.8% energy savings compared with C-MEOP and V-MEP, respectively. For TCA, S-MEOP is achieved at the same voltage as C-MEOP but different from the voltage for V-MEP, and 38.9% energy savings can be obtained by operating at S-MEOP.
Experimental research on steering stiffness of SBW (2007)

The steering wheel of a steer-by-wire (SBW) vehicle is free from road-disturbance because of the lack of mechanical connection. There is less need for disturbance attenuation and the SBW actuator can be mounted rigidly on the vehicle chassis. A bench test using actual SBW system demonstrates that the steering stiffness becomes larger than the electronic-power-steering (EPS) stiffness. A driving experiment and a closed-loop simulation show that the increase of this stiffness plays a crucial role in reducing work load for the SBW driver.
Gas permeation of fullerene-dispersed poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) membranes (2000)

Homogeneously fullerene-dispersed membranes were prepared under the conditions in which a 10 wt % poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) solution containing 0.5 wt % fullerene was dried under a reduced pressure of 50 cmHg at 100 °C. UV-vis spectra and microscopic observations of the fullerene membranes indicated that the fullerene was homogeneously dispersed in the membranes. The permeability coefficients of 1-butene were found to be higher than those of n-butane in the fullerene membranes, although the permeability coefficients of olefin gases were nearly equal to those of paraffin gases having the same number of carbon in poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) membranes containing no fullerene. Pressure dependence of permeability coefficients was clearly observed for the permeation of carbon dioxide, ethylene, ethane, 1-butene, and n-butane through the fullerene membranes, while no significant dependence was found for poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) membranes except for the permeation of 1-butene and n-butane. The pressure dependence of the permeability was explained by the dual-mode sorption model. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 38: 1749–1755, 2000
Live Coding: A User's Manual (2022)

<strong>The first comprehensive introduction to the origins, aspirations, and evolution of live coding.</strong> Performative, improvised, on the fly: live coding is about how people interact with the world and each other via code. In the last few decades, live coding has emerged as a dynamic creative practice, gaining attention across cultural and technical fields—from music and the visual arts to computer science. <em>Live Coding: A User's Manual</em> is the first comprehensive introduction to the practice and a broader cultural commentary on the potential for live coding to open up deeper questions about contemporary cultural production and computational culture. This multiauthored book—by artists and musicians, software designers, and researchers—provides a practice-focused account of the origins, aspirations, and evolution of live coding, including expositions from a wide range of live coding practitioners. In a more conceptual register, the authors consider liveness, temporality, and knowledge in relation to live coding, alongside speculating on the practice's future forms. This archive contains the book in PDF, EPUB and MOBI formats, distributed under the CC-BY-SA license.
Mechanisms of maternal intergenerational epigenetic inheritance (2021)

Mammalian embryos are formed by fusion of eggs and sperm. Here we provide an integrated overview of the major dynamic changes in transcriptional processes, chromatin composition and 3D organization which the maternal and paternal genomes undergo during oocyte and early embryonic development in mice. We derive mechanistic insights into molecular hierarchies and crosstalk between the various chromatin-associated processes that define three distinct types of maternal epigenetic memory states in oocytes to support pre-implantation and post-implantation development. Firstly, H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) licenses early embryonic transcription by counteracting repressive H3K9 methylation. Secondly, an extensive interplay between transcription, H3K36me3 and H3K4 demethylation drives de novo DNA methylation required for embryogenesis. Thirdly, maternally inherited Polycomb-mediated H3K27me3 is a potent regulator of post-implantation development. Additionally, Polycomb Group proteins and H3K4me3 regulate 3D organization in oocytes and embryos.
Proof of Principle in the Selective Treatment of Cancer by Antibody-Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy: The Development of a Highly Potent Prodrug This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 416) and by the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie. (2002)

Perfectly adept for tumor treatment: With the seco-CBI-Q galactoside 1 a novel highly potent prodrug for the selective treatment of cancer using the ADEPT approach was developed, which shows very promising results in preclinical trials on a human bronchial carcinoma in SCID mice (see picture; lung tissue after (A) and before treatment (B)).
Plastic solar cells with engineered interfaces (2013)

We discuss here bulk-heterojunction polymer solar cells with engineered interfaces to achieve desired phase separations (vertical and horizontal), molecule orientations, ohmic contacts, and electronic properties for device performance maximization, and to enhance the device durability by eliminating corrosive interfacial layers. The strategies discussed include development of novel interfacial layers such as self-assembled organic layers and inorganic metal oxide layers, and using inverted cell architectures. Interface engineering leads to optimal active layer morphologies and to polymer &pi;- orientation, as well as maximum open circuit voltage. Using p-type NiO as the anode hole transporting/electron blocking layer results in dramatically enhanced device performance of P3HT/PCBM polymer solar cells with PCEs up to 5%. Electrical property and surface morphology investigations of NiO elucidate the mechanism for the enhanced performance. Other novel interfacial materials such as self-assembled organic monolayers and graphene oxide (GO) have also been incorporated into polymer solar cells to achieve comparable PCEs with improved device stability. Using ZnO as electron transporting/hole blocking layer and employing an inverted device architecture, polymer solar cells achieve desired molecule &pi;-orientation and vertical phase separation, therefore extremely high fill factors and promising power conversion efficiencies. In addition to interfacial layer materials, active layer components with state-of-the-art device performance, both polymer and small molecule developed in this laboratory, will also be discussed.
Recursive constructions for equidistant permutation arrays (1977)

Abstract An equidistant permutation array (EPA) is a ν × r array defined on an r -set, R , such that (i) each row is a permutation of the elements of R and (ii) any two distinct rows agree in λ positions (that is, the Hamming distance is ( r −λ)). Such an array is said to have order ν. In this paper we give several recursive constructions for EPA's. The first construction uses a resolvable regular pairwise balanced design of order v to construct an EPA of order ν. The second construction is a generalization of the direct product construction for Room squares. We also give a construction for intersection permutation arrays, which arrays are a generalization of EPA's.
A Control Allocation Method to Reduce Roll-Yaw coupling on Tailless Aircraft (2021)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-1826.vid This paper proposes a novel method to achieve three-axis control of a tailless aircraft using conventional trailing edge controls only during a rolling maneuver. The method is based on the synthesis of control allocation modes which produce laterally asymmetric drag at constant lift, pitching moment and rolling moment. Required control moments throughout a rolling maneuver are calculated using a dynamic inversion approach and control allocation performed by calculating the required combination of control modes. Results are presented for the MAGMA aircraft for roll rates which achieve a bank angle of 45 degrees in between 1.2s and 8s. Obtained solutions have equivalent or improved authority to conventional mid-chord spoilers for lift coefficients up to 0.3, representing a large part of the operational envelope of the aircraft.
Loss-Compensation in 3D Periodic Arrays of Nanoshells through Quantum Dots, and ϵ-Near-Zero Metamaterials (2012)

We compensate for the losses in 3D arrays of nanoshells through quantum dots embedded in the nanoshells’ cores, to achieve ε-near-zero metamaterials at optical frequencies. Results show loss-compensation or gain-capability in a narrow frequency band.
Proteomic Screen Finds pSer/pThr-Binding Domain Localizing Plk1 to Mitotic Substrates (2003)

We have developed a proteomic approach for identifying phosphopeptide binding domains that modulate kinase-dependent signaling pathways. An immobilized library of partially degenerate phosphopeptides biased toward a particular protein kinase phosphorylation motif is used to isolate phospho-binding domains that bind to proteins phosphorylated by that kinase. Applying this approach to cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks), we identified the polo-box domain (PBD) of the mitotic kinase polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) as a specific phosphoserine (pSer) or phosphothreonine (pThr) binding domain and determined its optimal binding motif. This motif is present in known Plk1 substrates such as Cdc25, and an optimal phosphopeptide containing the motif disrupted PBD-substrate binding and localization of the PBD to centrosomes. This finding reveals how Plk1 can localize to specific sites within cells in response to Cdk phosphorylation at those sites and provides a structural mechanism for targeting the Plk1 kinase domain to its substrates.