gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Long‐term efficacy and safety of ranibizumab administered pro re nata in Japanese patients with neovascular age‐related macular degeneration in the EXTEND‐I study (2011)

Pro re nata regimen of ranibizumab guided by monthly BCVA and other ophthalmic examinations appears effective in sustaining the BCVA gained with 12 monthly injections while reducing the number of injections during the extension phase. Ranibizumab was well tolerated during the extension phase.
Visualizing Neurotransmitter Secretion at Individual Synapses (2013)

To advance understanding of the brain, the ability to measure both nerve cell electrical spiking and chemical neurotransmission with high spatial resolution is required. In comparison to the development of voltage sensors and Ca(2+) indicator dyes over the past several decades, high resolution imaging of neurotransmitter (NT) release at single synapses has not been possible. In this Viewpoint, we discuss two recent developments toward this goal, namely, the design of fluorescent false neurotransmitters (FFNs) and optical neurotransmitter sensors.
Functionally multiplexed optical coherence tomography for comprehensive and volumetric analysis of tissue microstructure (2023)

Functional extensions of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) stand to enhance the value of structural imaging for clinical applications. Polarization sensitive (PS-) OCT and attenuation coefficient imaging provide complementary information useful for interrogating complex tissue microenvironments such as atherosclerotic plaques. However, additional hardware for generating two input polarization states, and enabling angular-diverse measurements, is necessary to fully exploit these two respective techniques. We present a platform for simultaneous, depth-multiplexed acquisition of PS- and angular diverse data, expanding prior methods for fiber-based PS-OCT and aperture-based numerical aperture (NA) multiplexing, and demonstrate its utility in discriminating plaque components in human coronary arteries.
Two Human ACAT2 mRNA Variants Produced by Alternative Splicing and Coding for Novel Isoenzymes (2005)

Acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (ACAT2) plays an important role in cholesterol absorption. Human ACAT2 is highly expressed in small intestine and fetal liver, but its expression is greatly diminished in adult liver. The full-length human ACAT2 mRNA encodes a protein, designated ACAT2a, with 522 amino acids. We have previously reported the organization of the human ACAT2 gene and the differentiation-dependent promoter activity in intestinal Caco-2 cells. In the current work, two human ACAT2 mRNA variants produced by alternative splicing are cloned and predicted to encode two novel ACAT2 isoforms, named ACAT2b and ACAT2c, with 502 and 379 amino acids, respectively. These mRNA variants differ from ACAT2a mRNA by lack of the exon 4 (ACAT2b mRNA) and exons 4-5 plus 8-9-10 (ACAT2c mRNA). Significantly, comparable amounts of the alternatively spliced ACAT2 mRNA variants were detected by RT-PCR, and Western blot analysis confirmed the presence of their corresponding proteins in human liver and intestinecells. Furthermore, phosphorylation and enzymatic activity analyses demonstrated that the novel isoenzymes ACAT2b and ACAT2c lacked the phosphorylatable site SLLD, and their enzymatic activities reduced to 25%-35% of that of ACAT2a. These evidences indicate that alternative splicing produces two human ACAT2 mRNA variants that encode the novel ACAT2 isoenzymes. Our findings might help to understand the regulation of the ACAT2 gene expression under certain physiological and pathological conditions.
Self-bleaching effect in bistable semiconductor lasers from amplified spontaneous emission (1986)

Multisection semiconductor lasers with axially nonuniform pumping (Fig. 1) are promising candidates for optoelectronic digital processing devices. In earlier studies,1–3 coupled rate equations were employed to account for the appearance of hysteresis in current-light output characteristics. Although qualitative explanations were obtained, the predicted hysteresis widths are usually much greater than experimental results.
Index (2006)

You have accessPolymer ProcessingApr 2006IndexTim A. Osswald, Juan P. Hernández-OrtizTim A. Osswald, Juan P. Hernández-Ortizhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446412866.bmSectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2006Pages: 597-606Print ISBN: 978-3-446-40381-9eISBN: 978-3-446-41286-6 Copyright & Permissions© 2006 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Spatial and geometry control of second order optical properties in inorganic amorphous materials (2016)

We report on the ability of a thermal poling treatment to be considered as an imprinting process modifying both linear and nonlinear optical properties as well as surface morphology of glassy materials. Micro-patterned second harmonic generation responses have been achieved on a variety of inorganic amorphous materials including bulk or thinfilms of various compositions (silicate, niobate, tantalate …). Using particular micro-patterned anodic electrodes, the poling imprinting process allows a geometry control of second order optical properties in isotropic materials. In addition, large area (up to several centimeters square) can be successfully micro-patterned using this approach.It has been proven that field enhancement effects within the micro structured anode govern the charge density on the glass surface during the process and thus amplitudes of both implemented electric field (i.e. optical non linearity) and Maxwell stresses (surface topology).
Surface‐Tension‐Driven Patterning: Combining Tailored Physical Self‐Organization with Microfabrication Methods (2006)

Small features: One of the great current challenges is to find new techniques that reliably further reduce the scale at which patterns can be reproduced for the electronics industry, amongst others. A recent study provides a major advance in controlling surface-tension-driven self-organization in combination with a traditional microfabrication method to produce regularly spaced line patterns in an evaporating thin film through guided evaporation and dewetting (see figure).
Enhancing Nanoparticle-Based Visible Detection by Controlling the Extent of Aggregation (2012)

Visible indication based on the aggregation of colloidal nanoparticles (NPs) is highly advantageous for rapid on-site detection of biological entities, which even untrained persons can perform without specialized instrumentation. However, since the extent of aggregation should exceed a certain minimum threshold to produce visible change, further applications of this conventional method have been hampered by insufficient sensitivity or certain limiting characteristics of the target. Here we report a signal amplification strategy to enhance visible detection by introducing switchable linkers (SLs), which are designed to lose their function to bridge NPs in the presence of target and control the extent of aggregation. By precisely designing the system, considering the quantitative relationship between the functionalized NPs and SLs, highly sensitive and quantitative visible detection is possible. We confirmed the ultrahigh sensitivity of this method by detecting the presence of 20 fM of streptavidin and fewer than 100 CFU/mL of Escherichia coli.
Superconductor Synchronous Condenser for Reactive Power Support in an Electric Grid (2005)

High Temperature Superconductor (HTS) SuperVAR dynamic synchronous condensers (DSC) developed by American Superconductor have a small foot print, are readily transportable, and are expected to be an economic option for providing peak and dynamic reactive compensation to a power system. HTS DSC machines are also inherently stable to close in faults and can provide up to twice their nominal rating for about one minute (peak rating) during depressed voltage events. Last, but not least, HTS DSC machines use less than half of the energy of a conventional synchronous condenser and about the same amount of energy as a modern Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) device consumes. It is expected to be highly reliable. The first HTS DSC machine is being operated at an arc furnace where it is being tested for its ability to mitigate flicker and provide dynamic power factor compensation. This location also exposes the machine to a large number of transients providing an excellent accelerated age test of the device. This paper describes features and test results of the HTS DSC.
Role of the ITAM-Bearing Receptors Expressed by Natural Killer Cells in Cancer (2022)

Natural Killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) capable of recognizing and directly killing tumor cells. They also secrete cytokines and chemokines, which participate in the shaping of the adaptive response. NK cells identify tumor cells and are activated through a net positive signal from inhibitory and activating receptors. Several activating NK cell receptors are coupled to adaptor molecules containing an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM). These receptors include CD16 and the natural cytotoxic receptors NKp46, NKp44, NKp30 in humans. The powerful antitumor NK cell response triggered by these activating receptors has made them attractive targets for exploitation in immunotherapy. In this review, we will discuss the different activating receptors associated with ITAM-bearing cell surface receptors expressed on NK cells, their modulations in the tumor context and the various therapeutic tools developed to boost NK cell responses in cancer patients.
Emerging Influenza Viruses: Past and Present (2005)

Influenza is an example of a disease for which the viral pathogen has emerged into the human population many times over past centuries, sometimes with devastating consequences [1]. Historical records provide vivid descriptions of past influenza outbreaks, and the viruses that caused the pandemics of the last century remain subjects of great interest. It is almost certain that a new pandemic, caused by the zoonotic transmission of a new influenza virus into humans, will occur. The recent outbreaks of the highly pathogenic H5 and H7 subtype viruses in poultry and their limited transmission into humans, as well as transmission of H9 subtype viruses, have raised concerns that conditions are developing for the generation of a new pandemic virus. In this paper, we review past pandemics, viral determinants of cross-species transmission of viruses, molecular factors that contribute to disease, and preventative measures to reduce the impact of a future pandemic.
XPS Analysis of Lithium Surfaces Following Immersion in Various Solvents Containing LiBF4 (1995)

The surface film on lithium immersed in various electrolytes was analyzed by x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the potential sweep method. The surface film formed on lithium immersed in propylene carbonate or γ‐butyrolactone containing ( or ) for 3 days consists of and a small amount of organic compounds. On the other hand, the surface film on lithium immersed in tetrahydrofuran (THF) containing consists of a large amount of organic compounds and . and organic compounds are formed by the chemical reaction of , , and with HF involved in the electrolyte plus the direct reaction of the solvent with the lithium metal, respectively. The amount of organic compounds produced was influenced by the kind of solvent. For the formation of organic compounds, solvents have to permeate the layer on the lithium. Probably, the permeability of the solvent is related to the formation of organic compounds. The permeability of the electrolyte is estimated quantitatively from the surface tension and viscosity. The surface tension and viscosity were obtained using the capillary rise method and Ostwald's viscometer, respectively. The surface tension and viscosity of were much smaller than those of or . This indicates that THF is more permeable than PC and γ‐BL. THF may easily reach the lithium metal surface to form a large amount of organic compounds. From these results, it can be concluded that the surface reaction of the lithium dose not only depends on the chemical properties of the lithium surface and electrolyte, but also on the physicochemical properties of the electrolyte.
Plasmonic Metastructures and Nanocomposites with a Narrow Transparency Window in a Broad Extinction Spectrum (2014)

We propose and describe plasmonic nanomaterials with unique optical properties. These nanostructured materials strongly attenuate light in a broad wavelength interval ranged from 400 nm to 5 um but exhibit a narrow transparency window centered at a given wavelength. The main elements are nanorods and nano-crosses of variable sizes. The nanomaterial can be designed as a solution, nanocomposite film, metastructure or aerosol. The principle of the formation of the transparency window in the abroad extinction spectrum is based on the narrow lines of longitudinal plasmons of single nanorods and nanorod complexes. To realize the spectrum with a transmission window, we design a nanocomposite material as a mixture of nanorods of different sizes. Simultaneously, we exclude nanorods of certain length from the nanorod ensemble. The width of the plasmonic transparency window is determined by the intrinsic and radiative broadenings of the nanocrystal plasmons. We also describe the effect of narrowing of the transparency window with increasing the concentration of nanocrystals. Two well-established technologies can be used to fabricate such nano- and metamaterials, the colloidal synthesis and lithography. Nanocomposites proposed here can be used as optical materials and coatings for shielding of electromagnetic radiation in a wide spectral interval with a simultaneous possibility of communication using a narrow transparency window.
Simulation of Liquefaction and Retrogressive Slope Failure in Loose Coarse-Grained Material (2019)

Flowslides and retrogressive slope failures are usually triggered from a significant drop of shear strength in loose coarse-grained materials, including static liquefaction and successive large deformations. A 4-step procedure is proposed to model these phenomena using the material point method, together with an advanced constitutive model calibrated via inverse analysis. The numerical simulations are performed for a well-documented flume test, which showed that a flowslide was initiated by toe sliding followed by static liquefaction leading to retrogressive failure. First, an advanced hypoplastic constitutive model is calibrated to simulate the observed mechanical behavior of the representative elementary volume (REV) of soil in triaxial tests. Then, these model parameters are used to simulate the slope instability process observed in the flume test. The simulation of triaxial tests and slope instability are satisfactory and highlight important features about the evolution of pore-water pressure and effective stress in a large deformation slope process.
High Copeptin Concentrations in Umbilical Cord Blood after Vaginal Delivery and Birth Acidosis (2010)

Vaginal birth is associated with a large release of copeptin that exceeds all values published so far, including those in critically ill adult patients with shock or brain injury. Thus, vaginal birth is arguably the most intense stressor in life.
Appropriate Use Criteria for Imaging Evaluation of Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer After Definitive Primary Treatment (2020)

Imaging is often used to evaluate men with biochemical recurrence (BCR) of prostate cancer after definitive primary treatment (radical prostatectomy [RP] or radiotherapy [RT]). The goal of imaging is to identify the source of elevated or rising serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels because
Time-Resolved Spectroscopy of the Excited Singlet States of Tirapazamine and Desoxytirapazamine (2005)

Laser flash photolysis (LFP, 400 nm excitation) of the anti-cancer drug tirapazamine (TPZ) in acetonitrile produces the singlet excited-state S1 with lambda(max) = 544 nm. The lifetime of this state is 130 ps, in good agreement with the reported fluorescence lifetime. The excited state is reduced to the corresponding radical anion by KSCN or KI. The spectrum of the radical anion is in good agreement with previously reported pulse radiolysis studies and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations. LFP of desoxytirapazamine (dTPZ) also produces the first excited singlet state, S1. The fluorescence quantum yield and lifetime (5.4 ns) of the dTPZ singlet excited state are both much greater than the corresponding values of TPZ. This is explained by DFT calculations that predict that cyclization of TPZ to form an oxaziridine is thermodynamically facile but that cyclization of dTPZ to form an oxadiaziridine is not. Thus, the S1 state of TPZ has a short lifetime and low fluorescence quantum yield due to ready cyclization whereas the cyclization of the S1 state of dTPZ is unimportant and does not limit either the fluorescence quantum yield or the fluorescence lifetime. This conclusion is confirmed by studies of dTPZ', an isomer of dTPZ containing the C=N-O moiety which has a low quantum yield and short fluorescence lifetime similar to that of TPZ.
Junction–temperature measurement in GaN ultraviolet light-emitting diodes using diode forward voltage method (2004)

A theoretical model for the dependence of the diode forward voltage (Vf) on junction temperature (Tj) is developed. An expression for dVf∕dT is derived that takes into account all relevant contributions to the temperature dependence of the forward voltage including the intrinsic carrier concentration, the band-gap energy, and the effective density of states. Experimental results on the junction temperature of GaN ultraviolet light-emitting diodes are presented. Excellent agreement between the theoretical and experimental temperature coefficient of the forward voltage (dVf∕dT) is found. A linear relation between the junction temperature and the forward voltage is found.
Credential Authenticated Identication and Key Exchange (2013)

This paper initiates a study of two-party identication and key-exchange protocols in which users authenticate themselves by prov- ing possession of credentials satisfying arbitrary policies, instead of using the more traditional mechanism of a public-key infrastructure. Deni- tions in the universal composability framework are given, and practical protocols satisfying these denitions, for policies of practical interest, are presented. All protocols are analyzed in the common reference string model, assuming adaptive corruptions with erasures, and no random or- acles. The new security notion includes password-authenticated key ex- change as a special case, and new, practical protocols for this problem are presented as well, including the rst such protocol that provides re- silience against server compromise (without random oracles).
Epigenetic Drift Is a Determinant of Mammalian Lifespan (2017)

The epigenome, which controls cell identity and function, is not maintained with 100% fidelity in somatic animal cells. Errors in the maintenance of the epigenome lead to epigenetic drift, an important hallmark of aging. Numerous studies have described DNA methylation clocks that correlate epigenetic drift with increasing age. The question of how significant a role epigenetic drift plays in creating the phenotypes associated with aging remains open. A recent study describes a new DNA methylation clock that can be slowed by caloric restriction (CR) in a way that correlates with the degree of lifespan and healthspan extension conferred by CR, suggesting that epigenetic drift itself is a determinant of mammalian lifespan. Genetic transplantation using genomic editing of DNA methylation homeostatic genes from long-lived to short-lived species is one way to potentially demonstrate a causative role for DNA methylation. Whether the DNA methylation clock be reset to youthful state, eliminating the effects of epigenetic drift without requiring a pluripotent cell intermediate is a critical question with profound implications for the development of aging therapeutics. Methods that transiently erase the DNA methylation pattern of somatic cells may be developed that reset this aging hallmark with potentially profound effects on lifespan, if DNA methylation-based epigenetic drift really plays a primary role in aging.
Transcription Factor Binding to DNA Mechanisms of Unphosphorylated STAT3 (2013)

Anatoly DritschiloDakshanamurthy, Milton L. Brown and Cheema, Lihua Zhang, SivanesanZhang, Valeriy R. Korostyshevskiy, Amrita Khavrutskii, Sergey G. Tarasov, XuepingIrina Lonskaya, Nadya I. Tarasova, Lyuba Olga A. Timofeeva, Sergey Chasovskikh,€ Transcription Factor Binding to DNAMechanisms of Unphosphorylated STAT3Gene Regulation:
Responsivity and electrical characteristics of GaN based Schottky barrier UV detectors with transparent electrode in the near UV and VUV region (2005)

Responsivity spectra and electrical characteristics of GaN based Schottky type ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors with transparent electrode from the near UV region to the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) region (3.4 to 25 eV) are described. In order to improve device performance in applying reverse bias, the annealed transparent Schottky electrode in N/sub 2/ ambient is used. The dark current of samples after annealing Schottky electrode is reduced by hundredth part of that of samples before annealing Schottky electrode. The responsivity spectra with reverse bias are improved by annealing Schottky electrode.
Polarized Secretion of Fibrinogen by Lung Epithelial Cells (1997)

The lung epithelium has recently been identified as a novel site of fibrinogen (FBG) biosynthesis. A coordinated upregulation of A alpha, B beta, and gamma chain FBG gene transcription occurs upon stimulation of A549 lung epithelial cells with dexamethasone (DEX) and the proinflammatory mediator interleukin-6 (IL-6). Subsequently, the cells synthesize and secrete fully assembled FBG. This study addresses the polarity of such FBG secretion by A549 cells cultured on polycarbonate membrane filters. After induction with IL-6 and DEX, cells were metabolically labeled, and FBG was immunopurified from the apical and basolateral chambers. Analysis by gel electrophoresis revealed that A549 cells secreted newly synthesized FBG in a polarized manner, with the majority (80%) of FBG secreted basolaterally. Consistent with this observation, immunoelectron microscopy using Protein A-gold labeling showed FBG within secretory vesicles in close proximity to the basolateral aspect of the A549 cell membrane. Polarized secretion was microtubule-dependent since depolymerization using colchicine significantly reduced the basolateral component of secretion, causing intracellular retention of FBG. These data provide evidence that FBG is secreted by lung alveolar epithelial cells vectorially toward the basement membrane, which may reflect in vivo processes associated with local injury, inflammation, and repair mechanisms.
All-fiber laser mode-locked by the acousto-optic modulation of a fiber Bragg grating in suspended core fiber (2015)

An ytterbium-doped fiber laser mode-locked by the interaction of a fiber Bragg grating and longitudinal acoustic waves in a suspended core fiber is experimentally investigated. An optimized design of an acousto-optic modulator is also proposed. The results indicate output pulses with a width of less than 550 ps at a repetition rate of 10 MHz. The reduction of the power consumed by the transducer and the grating length points out to more efficient, compact and fast acousto-optic modulators for mode-locked all-fiber lasers.
Fractures Following Total Knee Arthroplasty (1997)

Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty
Incidence of Idiopathic Ventricular Arrhythmias (2017)

The incidence of IVA is increasing. Furthermore, overall incidence increases with age. Although the rate of idiopathic ventricular tachycardia is similar across sexes, women have a higher incidence of symptomatic PVC.