gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Light-emitting field-effect transistor: simple model and underlying functional mechanisms (2003)

We report on light emission on organic thin film transistors of tetracene and polyfluorene (Poly(9,9-di(ethylhexyl)fluorene) (PF2/6)). The utilized transistor structure is a bottom gate configuration with interdigitated source and drain electrodes on a Si/SiO<sub>2</sub> substrate with a channel length of 5 &mu;m. Light emission occurs above a source drain voltage of 30V even if the gate voltage is higher than the drain voltage. The light output can be controlled by the gate voltage. The light emission occurs close to the drain electrode as observed by light microscope images of operating transistors. In order to understand the functional principle of a light emitting transistor a resistor capacitor equivalent circuit model has been utilized to describe charge carrier transport, carrier distribution and the electrical potential distribution in such a device. The model extends the common thin film transistor theory for unipolar charge transport to ambipolar charge transport. Analytical expressions for output and transfer characteristics as well as for the potential and charge carrier distributions are obtained. Further, the effect of contact resistors on the output and transfer characteristics are simulated. The model is used to explain the underlying mechanisms of the present devices. Imperfections on the contact electrodes, most probably due to under-etching of the electrodes are seen as the main reason for the electron injection.
Comparison of [18F]-Fluoroethyltyrosine PET and the IDH status with Sodium MRI in Cerebral Gliomas (2019)

O-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine([18F]-FET) PET is used for the supportive diagnostics of cerebral gliomas. In this study, the relationship between the [18F]-FET-PET parameters, distribution of restricted (mainly intracellular) and unrestricted (mainly extracellular) sodium, and the mutational status of the enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) were investigated in patients with cerebral gliomas.
Multimode SCM-based PON Architecture for Computer Network Applications Using a Low-Cost Polymer 1×8 Splitter/Combiner (2007)

A low-cost PON architecture based on sub-carrier multiplexing and an 8-way low loss multimode polymer splitter/combiner is presented operating at 850 nm. Two-channel error-free operation with a Q-factor greater than 8 is observed.
How the Web Will Shape the Hybrid Work Era (2022)

Jaime Teevan has given a Keynote Talk at The Web Conference on Friday 29th April 2022. This page provides a summary of the topics she addressed during her talk.
Supplementary Figure S2 from YAP Orchestrates Heterotypic Endothelial Cell Communication via HGF/c-MET Signaling in Liver Tumorigenesis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Isolation and characterization of CECs and LSECs&lt;/p&gt;
Joint Optimization of Device to Device Resource and Power Allocation Based on Genetic Algorithm (2018)

Device-to-device (D2D) communication plays an important role in the next generation of communication systems. Enabling D2D communication decreases latency and expands the coverage of a cell in cellular networks. In addition, D2D underlaying cellular users benefit from high spectral efficiency. However, it creates interference to cellular communications. In this paper, we propose a genetic algorithm-based method to minimize the interference and maximize the spectral efficiency. One of the advantages of genetic algorithm is that it escapes from local maximums and evolves toward global maximum by searching different parts of search space simultaneously. Since D2D underlay cellular network degrades the signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR), a minimum SINR is considered for cellular users. Numerical evaluations demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed technique in terms of spectral efficiency and interference mitigation.
Conjugation Effects of Various Linkers on Gd(III) MRI Contrast Agents with Dendrimers: Optimizing the Hydroxypyridinonate (HOPO) Ligands with Nontoxic, Degradable Esteramide (EA) Dendrimers for High Relaxivity (2011)

One essential requirement for more sensitive gadolinium-based MRI contrast agents is to slow the molecular tumbling of the gadolinium(III) ion, which increases the gadolinium's relaxivity (i.e., its ability to speed up the NMR relaxation of nearby water molecules). One route to this is through conjugation to high-molecular-weight polymers such as dendrimers. In this work, amine-functionalized TREN-bis(1,2-HOPO)-TAM-ethylamine and TREN-bis(1-Me-3,2-HOPO)-TAM-ethylamine ligands have been synthesized and attached to biocompatible 40 kDa esteramide (EA)- and poly-l-lysine (PLL)-based dendrimers capable of binding up to eight gadolinium complexes. These conjugates have T(1) relaxivities of up to 38.14 ± 0.02 mM(-1) s(-1) per gadolinium at 37 °C, corresponding to relaxivities of up to 228 mM(-1) s(-1) per dendrimer molecule. This relaxivity expressed on a "per Gd" basis is several times that of the small-molecule complexes and an order of magnitude higher than that of current commercial agents. Because of their high performance and low toxicity, these macromolecules may constitute an attractive complement to currently available gadolinium(III)-based contrast agents.
Parallel-mode scanning optical sectioning using digital Fresnel holography with three-wave interference phase-shifting (2016)

The Fresnel incoherent correlation holography (FINCH) method is applicable to various techniques of imaging, including fluorescence microscopy. Recently, a FINCH configuration capable of optical sectioning, using a scanning phase pinhole, has been suggested [Optica 1, 70 (2014)]. This capability is highly important in situations that demand the suppression of out-of-focus information from the hologram reconstruction of a specific plane of interest, such as the imaging of thick samples in biology. In this study, parallel-mode scanning using multiple phase pinholes is suggested as a means to shorten the acquisition time in an optical sectioning FINCH configuration. The parallel-mode scanning is enabled through a phase-shifting procedure that extracts the mixed term of two out of three interfering beams.
Prostatic tumor cell plasticity involves cooperative interactions of distinct phenotypic subpopulations: Role in vasculogenic mimicry (2002)

A multidisciplinary approach to assess vasculogenic mimicry by prostatic tumor cells has revealed supportive evidence that it occurs in invasive, heterogeneous prostate cancer cell lines, and circumstantially in aggressive rat and human tumors. These results reflect the plasticity of aggressive prostatic tumor cells and may provide new prognostic markers for clinical diagnosis and new therapeutic intervention strategies.
Asociación entre la gravedad de los síntomas esquizofrenicos y la retención de orina (2002)

Resumen Se presenta un caso en el que se produjo retención intensa de orina durante una exacerbatión psicótica aguda de esquizofrenia paranoide. La disfunción de la micción se manifesto durante el tratamiento continuo con dosis iguales de haloperidol, y se resolvió por completo con la remisión de los síntomas psicóticos. Era evidente una correlatión temporal clara entre el estado mental de la paciente, la puntuación de la Escala de Evaluatión Psiquiátrica Breve (BPRS) y el grado de retención de orina, que se evaluó midiendo cuantitativamente los residuos de orina diarios totales después de la micción. No pudimos relacionar la retención de orina con ningún trastorno médico general manifiesto o el tratamiento de haloperidol. Los datos presentados indican que la retención de orina en los pacientes esquizofrénicos podría ser el resultado final de diversos mecanismos relacionados con la psicosis.
Melanotropin Three-Dimensional Structural Studies by Physical Methods and Computer-Assisted Molecular Modeling (2018)

This chapter discusses the relationship between the three-dimensional conformation and biological activity of α-melanophore-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). The three-dimensional conformation and biological activity in α-MSH has been examined by a variety of researchers using numerous biophysical methods including reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography, circular dichroism, computer-assisted molecular modeling, proton and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Biologically, a-MSH is primarily known for its ability to stimulate integumental melanocytes, but it has also been implicated in a variety of other physiological and neurological processes. Reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography has found significant application in the purification of biologically active compounds, such as peptides and proteins. The ability of circular dichroism to provide critical insight into the conformations of small linear peptides is still debated. A few studies of α-MSH and its linear and cyclic analogs have been carried out in an effort to understand the bioactive conformation of this peptide hormone.
Characterization of the three-dimensional turbulent boundary layer in a concentric annulus with a rotating inner cylinder (2006)

Direct numerical simulations of fluid flow through a concentric annulus with a rotating inner wall were performed at ReDh=8900. To elucidate the modifications of the near-wall turbulent structure induced by rotation of the inner wall, we compared data obtained at rotation rates of N=0.0 and 0.429 for a system with a radius ratio (R*) of 0.5. Conditional quadrant/octant analysis and probability density functions of the velocity fluctuations revealed distinctive features of the three-dimensional turbulent boundary layer (3DTBL) in the concentric annulus with a rotating inner wall. Coherent structures near the inner wall were identified by a λ2-based eduction scheme to give the detailed information on the activated near-wall turbulent structures. The ensemble-averaging of the educed coherent vortices showed that enhanced ejections near the vortices were primarily responsible for the augmented turbulent structures. The alteration of the turbulent structures was attributed to the centrifugal force arising from rotation of the inner wall. The assumption of Littell and Eaton on the cause of the altered turbulent structures in 3DTBLs was invalid in the present study. Taken together, the present results showed that the 3DTBL in a rotating concentric annulus has features different from those observed in other types of 3DTBL due to the transverse curvature.
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON MOVABLE ENERGY-DISSIPATION GLASS WALLS (2007)

The authors propose the concept of movable energy-dissipation glass wall, which is able to be laid out along wide opening of Japanese traditional wooden house and folded into a door pocket. Firstly, dynamic tests on real size mock-up walls are carried out, and their dynamic characteristics are evaluated. This system is applied to an exsisting traditional house, and the performance of the wall is discussed using the result of vibration tests.
EMG spectral peaks recorded during vibration exercise (2015)

Resistance training (RT) is a widely accepted training option for improving neuromuscular performance. However, the high levels of load required in RT limit its applicability in rehabilitation programs. Vibration exercise (VE) is a relatively new and promising training modality, providing several important advantages over conventional strength training. To investigate the underlying mechanism elicited by VE, surface electromyography (EMG) has been widely used to measure the level of neuromuscular activity during VE. However, the EMG spectrum recorded during VE shows sharp peaks at the vibration frequency, whose interpretation (motion artifacts or muscle activity) remains controversial. The aim of the present study is to clarify the nature of the spectral peaks observed during VE. To this end, the conduction velocity of the vibration frequency component (CVVF) was estimated and compared with the CV of the entire EMG (CVEMG) and the acceleration signal (CVACC).
Model-based Localized Calibration for Interacting Actuators And Sensors - eScholarship (2003)

Sensor-based measurements are intrinsically prone to errors. One can distinguish two types of errors: systematic and random noise errors. Calibration is the process of validating and/or adjusting the accuracy of a measuring instrument so that the systematic error is calculated and the bias is corrected. Distributed localized in-field calibration of sensor devices in an ad-hoc wireless network is of crucial importance since manual calibration is not feasible and cost-effective. In order to address calibration for an arbitrary system of sensors and actuators and an arbitrary model of systematic errors, we formulate calibration as nonlinear function minimization problem. We start by identifying the necessary and sufficient conditions to solve a specific instance of calibration in a given network. We solve the minimization problem using combination of polak-ribiere conjugate gradient method and singular value decomposition (SVD) algorithms in conjunction with binary search procedure. In addition, we have developed four-phase localized calibration procedure that minimizes the amount of required multi-hop limited-size packet communication and storage...
Atom chip Bose-Einstein condensation in a portable vacuum cell (2004)

Email Share Share with Facebook Share on X Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Share with WeChat Get Citation Copy Citation Text S. Du, M. B. Squires, L. Czaia, D. Z. Anderson, R. A. Saravanan, V. M. Bright, Y. Imai, J. Reichel, and T. W. Hänsch, "Atom chip Bose-Einstein condensation in a portable vacuum cell," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/International Quantum Electronics Conference and Photonic Applications Systems Technologies, Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2004), paper IPDA1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Layered Ternary and Quaternary Transition Metal Chalcogenide Based Catalysts for Water Splitting (2018)

Water splitting plays an important role in electrochemical and photoelectrochemical conversion of energy devices. Electrochemical water splitting by the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is a straightforward route to produce hydrogen (H2), which requires an efficient electrocatalysts to minimize energy consumption. Recent advances have created a rapid rise in new electrocatalysts, particularly those based on non-precious metals. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the recent developments of ternary and quaternary 6d-group transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs) based electrocatalysts for water splitting, especially for HER. Detailed discussion is organized from binary to quaternary TMCs including, surface engineering, heterostructures, chalcogen substitutions, and hierarchically structural design in TMCs. Moreover, emphasis is placed on future research scope and important challenges facing these electrocatalysts for further development in their performance towards water splitting.
Amide und Thioamide der Quadratsäure: Synthese und Reaktionen (1977)

Abstract Es werden neue Synthesen für Quadratsäure‐1,2‐ und ‐1,3‐diamide beschrieben. Diamide aus prim. Aminen sind an beiden Stickstoffatomen alkylierbar. 1,2‐Diamide aus sek. Aminen werden in Dithio‐diamide übergeführt, die sich an den beiden Schwefelatomen zu den Cyclobutadien‐Dikationen 72 und 73 methylieren lassen. Das aus o ‐Phenylendiamin entstandene 1,2‐Diamid 26 ist glatt zu Cyclobuta[ b ]chinoxalin‐1,2‐dion ( 76 ) oxidierbar, dessen Vierring protolytisch geöffnet werden kann. Das 1,2‐ und 1,3‐Diamid 40 und 50 sind zu den Radikalkationen 82 bzw. 83 oxidierbar.
Auto-segmentation and time-dependent systematic analysis of mesoscale cellular structure in β-cells during insulin secretion (2022)

The mesoscale description of the subcellular organization informs about cellular mechanisms in disease state. However, applications of soft X-ray tomography (SXT), an important approach for characterizing organelle organization, are limited by labor-intensive manual segmentation. Here we report a pipeline for automated segmentation and systematic analysis of SXT tomograms. Our approach combines semantic and first-applied instance segmentation to produce separate organelle masks with high Dice and Recall indexes, followed by analysis of organelle localization based on the radial distribution function. We demonstrated this technique by investigating the organization of INS-1E pancreatic β-cell organization under different treatments at multiple time points. Consistent with a previous analysis of a similar dataset, our results revealed the impact of glucose stimulation on the localization and molecular density of insulin vesicles and mitochondria. This pipeline can be extended to SXT tomograms of any cell type to shed light on the subcellular rearrangements under different drug treatments.
Binary Zone Plate Array for Parallel Joint Transform Correlator System:Design and Evaluation (1998)

Optical information processing systems based on Fourier transformation, such as the matched filtering correlation or the joint transform correlation, offer advantages such as parallel processing capability, direct input of signal images, freedom from electronic noise, and so on 1,2) . The key components of these systems are micro-optic components for generating efficient multiple image and spatial light modulators for real-time optical filtering . Binary zone plate array (BZPA), one of the diffractive optical elements, is especially attractive in the fields of optical computing and interconnection, where use of free space optics offer flexibility in designing a system of massive parallelism 3,4) .
52‐4: Long‐lived Thermally Stable Blue OLED Achieving BT.2020 Color Gamut (2017)

We developed a deep‐blue fluorescent organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) that is long‐lived and thermally stable. This blue OLED accommodates the BT.2020 color gamut for the first time in the world, and enables a longer lifetime than a conventional one while maintaining comparable power consumption in a full‐color OLED panel.
ChemInform Abstract: Shape‐Dependent Catalysis: Insights into the Source of Catalysis for the CC‐1065 and Duocarmycin DNA Alkylation Reaction (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Radical Addition, Cyclization, and Annulation Reactions with Oppolzer′s Camphor Sultam. (1990)

Abstract Asymmetric allylation of the iodide (I) possessing the (L)‐(+)‐2,10‐camphor sultam unity gives a diastereomeric mixture of the allylated compound (III).
Synthesis of 4‐vinylbiphenyl–isoprene block copolymers and their characterization by gel‐permeation chromatography (1969)

Abstract 4‐Vinylbiphenyl–isoprene ABA block copolymers were prepared by initiating 4‐vinylbiphenyl with n ‐butyllithium in benzene, adding isoprene, and coupling the resulting AB anion with phosgene. Preliminary coupling experiments with a polyisoprene anion have shown that virtually quantitative coupling could be achieved provided the phosgene was added extremely slowly. The block copolymers could be quantitatively analyzed by gel‐permeation chromatography from a knowledge of the ratio of the refractive index increments of the two homopolymers and the overall composition.
Caged gammarids to improve the characterization of contamination levels in continental waters - toward the determination of threshold values (2011)

Chemical biomonitoring (i.e., monitoring contamination in biota) is often proposed as a relevant approach to characterize the contamination of aquatic systems. Indeed, biota is an integrating matrix that enables measurements of hydrophobic substances, representative of the bioavailable fraction. Active chemical biomonitoring (i.e., using transplanted organisms from a reference site) allows controlling several parameters such as variability in exposure time, age and size of sampled organisms, therefore providing comparable results. Such active approaches are well developed in the marine environment (e.g., the French 'Rinbio' network) but they are still an emerging issue for continental waters. Hence, we investigated the suitability of an active biomonitoring approach to assess trends of metals and hydrophobic organic substances contamination in continental waters. The amphipod Gammarus fossarum was selected as the test organism as i) it is a highly ecologically relevant species and ii) it allows controlling easily several biotic factors. Gammarids, sampled from a known unpolluted site, were translocated into cages to 27 sites, in the Rhône-Alpes basin (France) during early autumn 2009. Study sites represented different physico-chemical characteristics and various anthropic pressures. To avoid the influence of biotic factors, only male gammarids with the same average body length were exposed, and gammarids were fed during the experiment. After one week of exposure, concentrations of 5 metals and 28 hydrophobic organic substances, chosen with reference to the Water Framework Directive (WFD), were measured in the organisms. G. fossarum accumulated most of the investigated substances and the proposed caging methodology is a relatively simple tool for chemical biomonitoring of continental waters. To improve the discrimination between anthropically impacted and non-impacted sites, we investigated a statistical approach and a model fit to define threshold values of contamination in gammarids, assuming that any concentration under such a threshold would be assumed as the 'background' concentration.
New perspectives on antibacterial drug research (2013)

Abstract Bacterial resistance to commonly used antibiotics is constantly increasing. Bacteria particularly dangerous for human life are methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium and fluoroquinolone-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Hence, there is an incessant need for developing compounds with new modes of action and seeking alternate drug targets. In this review, the authors discuss the current situation of antibacterial medicines and present data on new antibiotic targets. Moreover, alternatives to antibiotics, such as bacteriophages, antimicrobial peptides and monoclonal antibodies, are presented. The authors also draw attention to the valuable features of natural sources in developing antibacterial compounds. The need to prevent and control infections as well as the reasonable use of currently available antibiotics is also emphasized.
Patent foramen ovale closure for secondary stroke prevention (2019)

Transcatheter closure of patent foramen ovale (PFO) in patients with cryptogenic stroke is gaining momentum after the recent publication of four randomized clinical trials suggesting its benefit. This article provides a contemporary overview of the anatomy and pathophysiology of PFO, the available diagnostic tools for the assessment and risk stratification of PFO, and the current and future landscape of PFO closure devices and their optimal utilization. It also summarizes the current data on PFO closure for stroke prevention, and discusses the remaining open issues in the field of PFO closure.