gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modulation of the exciton lifetime of j-aggregates on metal nanoparticles and nanoparticle arrays explored through ultrafast spectroscopy and near-field optical microscopy (2003)

Illumination of metal nanoparticles at the plasmon resonance produces enhanced evanescent fields on the nanoparticles’ surfaces. The unusual strength of the field make it a target for exploring photoinduced phenomena at the nanoscale, if efficient functionalization or coating of the nanoparticle surface with appropriate chromophores is possible. One direction is to use cyanine dyes that form monolayers of J-aggregates on the surface of noble metal nanoparticle colloids. The unique, collective electronic properties of J-aggregates produce excitons with enormous extinction coefficients that are of interest for their efficient energy transfer, electron transfer, and nonlinear optical properties. In that vein, we report our results on time-resolved spectroscopy and near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) of J-aggregate exciton dynamics on Ag and Au nanoparticle colloids. Ultrafast transient absorption studies show that J-aggregate exciton lifetimes on Ag nanoparticles are much longer than on Au nanoparticles, with a 300 ps lifetime that is two orders of magnitude longer than the electronic processes in the nanoparticles themselves. Complementary NSOM studies of the colloids show that fluorescence from the J-aggregates on the Ag nanoparticles is induced by the scanning probe. These results may be significant for improving the nanophotonic performance of hybrid materials for nanoscale applications.
Discovery of small molecule inhibitors of xyloglucan endotransglucosylase (XET) activity by high-throughput screening (2015)

Small molecules (xenobiotics) that inhibit cell-wall-localised enzymes are valuable for elucidating the enzymes' biological roles. We applied a high-throughput fluorescent dot-blot screen to search for inhibitors of Petroselinum xyloglucan endotransglucosylase (XET) activity in vitro. Of 4216 xenobiotics tested, with cellulose-bound xyloglucan as donor-substrate, 18 inhibited XET activity and 18 promoted it (especially anthraquinones and flavonoids). No compounds promoted XET in quantitative assays with (cellulose-free) soluble xyloglucan as substrate, suggesting that promotion was dependent on enzyme-cellulose interactions. With cellulose-free xyloglucan as substrate, we found 22 XET-inhibitors - especially compounds that generate singlet oxygen ((1)O2) e.g., riboflavin (IC50 29 μM), retinoic acid, eosin (IC50 27 μM) and erythrosin (IC50 36 μM). The riboflavin effect was light-dependent, supporting (1)O2 involvement. Other inhibitors included tannins, sulphydryl reagents and triphenylmethanes. Some inhibitors (vulpinic acid and brilliant blue G) were relatively specific to XET, affecting only two or three, respectively, of nine other wall-enzyme activities tested; others [e.g. (-)-epigallocatechin gallate and riboflavin] were non-specific. In vivo, out of eight XET-inhibitors bioassayed, erythrosin (1 μM) inhibited cell expansion in Rosa and Zea cell-suspension cultures, and 40 μM mycophenolic acid and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate inhibited Zea culture growth. Our work showcases a general high-throughput strategy for discovering wall-enzyme inhibitors, some being plant growth inhibitors potentially valuable as physiological tools or herbicide leads.
Anderson-Fabry disease: a case-finding study among male kidney transplant recipients in Austria (2009)

The diagnosis of Anderson-Fabry disease is often delayed or even missed. As severe renal manifestations are a hallmark of alfa-galactosidase A (AGAL) deficiency, we tested the hypothesis that Anderson-Fabry disease is under-recognized among male kidney transplant recipients. This nation-wide study in Austria enrolled 1306 patients (ca 65% of all kidney transplanted males) from 30 kidney centers. AGAL activity was determined from filter paper dried blood spots by a fluorescence assay. A positive screening test was defined by an AGAL activity below 1.5 nmol/h/ml. In patients with a positive blood spot-screening test, AGAL activity was re-examined in peripheral blood leukocytes. Genetic testing for mutations in the GLA gene was performed by sequencing to confirm the diagnosis of Anderson-Fabry disease. Two previously not recognized cases with Anderson-Fabry disease were identified. Our study is the first showing that a diagnosis of Anderson-Fabry disease can be missed even in patients who undergo kidney transplantation. Case-finding strategies may be considered a useful tool for diagnosis of this rare disease that may be somewhat more prevalent among kidney transplant recipients compared with dialysis populations.
RF Analysis of a Sub-GHz InP-Based 1550 nm Monolithic Mode-Locked Laser Chip (2021)

We report a monolithic sub-GHz repetition rate mode-locked laser with record low pulse-to-pulse RMS timing jitter of 3.65 ps in the passive mode locking regime. We analyse the optical pulse generation in passive and hybrid mode-locking operating regimes, finding narrower RF tone linewidth in the passive regime, attributed to the improved contact structure of the gain sections. The noise performance is also characterized in passive and hybrid regimes, showing RMS integrated timing jitter of approximately 600 fs. For hybrid modelocking, the repetition rate can be varied over a large range from 880 to 990 MHz. We observe broad pulse widths of few hundred picoseconds attributed to the (long folded) waveguide architecture and on-chip multimode interference mirrors. This device subjects a stand-alone, ultra-compact, mode-locking based clock source to realize frequency synthesizers operating over a frequency range from sub-GHz up to approximately 15 GHz.
The Development and Characterization of a Human Mesothelioma In Vitro 3D Model to Investigate Immunotoxin Therapy (2011)

This work is one of the first to investigate immunotoxins in 3D tumor spheroids in vitro. This initial description of an in vitro tumor model may offer a simple and more representative model of in vivo tumors and will allow for further investigations of the microenvironmental effects on drug penetration and tumor cell killing. We believe that the methods developed here may apply to the studies of other tumor-targeting antibodies and immunoconjugates in vitro.
Alcohol Dependence and Suicide‐Related Ideation/Behaviors in an Israeli Household Sample, With and Without Major Depression (2013)

These findings show that AD increases risk for SRIB among individuals without a history of major depression. Suicidal tendencies may be undetected and underdiagnosed in this group because of the absence of major depression and therefore left untreated. These findings should be considered when adopting suicide prevention or treatment strategies for this high-risk subpopulation.
Forecasting of bse sensex using auto regressive integrated moving average (arima) method (2021)

AbstractForecasting involves the preparation of a statement concerning unknown events, which might occur in future. The main purpose of making forecast is to gain knowledge about uncertain events that are important to our present decisions. In this study, we discussed about Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) method. By using this method, we forecast the BSE SENSEX Closing point value and then compare the method with the help of RMSE measure.
Spectroscopic characterization of band discontinuity in free-standing CdZnS/ZnS strained layer superlattices (1994)

We present the results of luminescence studies for free-standing CdZnS/ZnS strained layer superlattices (SLSs). The band discontinuity is estimated by an analysis of the luminescence results in terms of a finite-potential well model. CdZnS/ZnS SLSs are grown by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy at 350 °C on (100) GaAs. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements of the CdZnS/ZnS SLS at 1.4 K show intense, sharp excitonic emission in the blue-ultraviolet spectral region. With decreasing CdZnS well width, the PL peaks shift to higher energy. The quantum transition energies are calculated, including the effect of exciton binding energy and elastic strain. A free-standing SLS is assumed. In a Cd0.3Zn0.7S/ZnS SLS, the analysis of the data yields a zero-stress band discontinuity of ΔEc=461 meV and ΔEv=88 meV, which is in extremely good agreement with the data calculated from Harrison’s model (465 and 84 meV, respectively). The band discontinuity over the entire Cd composition range is also estimated.
Component Based Synthesis Applied to Bitvector Circuits (2010)

We define “component-based synthesis” to be the problem of synthesis of (straight-line) programs from appropriate composition of base components from a specified library of software components. The functional specification of the desired program and the library components is provided in the form of logical formulas that relate the respective input and output variables. This has applications in design of intricate circuits or algorithms, superoptimization, and API mining. Furthermore, automated synthesis provides the promise of correctness by construction, generation of efficient systems, and improvement in developer’s productivity. We solve the component-based synthesis problem using a constraint-based approach that involves first generating a “synthesis constraint”, and then solving the constraint. The synthesis constraint is a first-order logic formula whose size is quadratic in the number of components, but has quantifier alternation. We present a novel algorithm for solving such constraints. Our algorithm is based on counterexample guided iterative synthesis paradigm and uses off-the-shelf SMT solvers. We present experimental results on synthesizing a variety of bitvector algorithms that involve unintuitive composition of standard bitvector operations and are difficult to synthesize manually. We also compare our technique with existing synthesis approaches based on sketching and superoptimization. Our tool Brahma can efficiently synthesize highly nontrivial 10-20 line loop-free programs. These programs represent a state space of approximately 2010 programs, and are beyond the reach of the other tools.
SynNotch-CAR T cells overcome challenges of specificity, heterogeneity, and persistence in treating glioblastoma (2021)

Treatment of solid cancers with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells is plagued by the lack of ideal target antigens that are both absolutely tumor specific and homogeneously expressed. We show that multi-antigen prime-and-kill recognition circuits provide flexibility and precision to overcome these challenges in the context of glioblastoma. A synNotch receptor that recognizes a specific priming antigen, such as the heterogeneous but tumor-specific glioblastoma neoantigen epidermal growth factor receptor splice variant III (EGFRvIII) or the central nervous system (CNS) tissue-specific antigen myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), can be used to locally induce expression of a CAR. This enables thorough but controlled tumor cell killing by targeting antigens that are homogeneous but not absolutely tumor specific. Moreover, synNotch-regulated CAR expression averts tonic signaling and exhaustion, maintaining a higher fraction of the T cells in a naïve/stem cell memory state. In immunodeficient mice bearing intracerebral patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) with heterogeneous expression of EGFRvIII, a single intravenous infusion of EGFRvIII synNotch-CAR T cells demonstrated higher antitumor efficacy and T cell durability than conventional constitutively expressed CAR T cells, without off-tumor killing. T cells transduced with a synNotch-CAR circuit primed by the CNS-specific antigen MOG also exhibited precise and potent control of intracerebral PDX without evidence of priming outside of the brain. In summary, by using circuits that integrate recognition of multiple imperfect but complementary antigens, we improve the specificity, completeness, and persistence of T cells directed against glioblastoma, providing a general recognition strategy applicable to other solid tumors.
Polymerization of a hydantoinylsiloxane on particles of silicon dioxide to produce a biocidal sand (2005)

Abstract The monomer 3‐triethoxysilylpropyl‐5,5‐dimethylhydantoin has been polymerized on the surfaces of sand particles to produce an adhered film that, upon chlorination with dilute sodium hypochlorite bleach, becomes biocidal. The biocidal efficacy of this coated sand has been demonstrated in a cartridge filter experiment against the bacterial pathogens Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli . Complete inactivation was observed within 1 min of contact for the former bacterium and in the interval of 1–5 min for the latter. Upon a loss of biocidal activity due to the depletion of bound chlorine, the coated sand particles can be recharged by further exposure to dilute bleach. Synthetic methods and test data are presented. Potential uses of biocidal sand include disinfection and odor control in water treatment facilities and recirculating baths. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 1161–1166, 2005
EPMA Studies on Reactions Between Ti and Al during Spark Plasma Sintering (2014)

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Corner detection with bilateral filtering of freeman codes [Freeman kodlarinin çi·ft-yönlü süzgeç lenmesi· i·le köşe tespi·ti·] (2011)

2011 IEEE 19th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference, SIU 2011 -- 20 April 2011 through 22 April 2011 -- Antalya -- 85528
Combination Epigenetic Therapy in Advanced Breast Cancer with 5-Azacitidine and Entinostat: A Phase II National Cancer Institute/Stand Up to Cancer Study (2016)

<b>Purpose:</b> In breast cancer models, combination epigenetic therapy with a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor and a histone deacetylase inhibitor led to reexpression of genes encoding important therapeutic targets, including the estrogen receptor (ER). We conducted a multicenter phase II study of 5-azacitidine and entinostat in women with advanced hormone-resistant or triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).<b>Experimental Design:</b> Patients received 5-azacitidine 40 mg/m<sup>2</sup> (days 1-5, 8-10) and entinostat 7 mg (days 3, 10) on a 28-day cycle. Continuation of epigenetic therapy was offered with the addition of endocrine therapy at the time of progression [optional continuation (OC) phase]. Primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) in each cohort. We hypothesized that ORR would be ≥20% against null of 5% using Simon two-stage design. At least one response was required in 1 of 13 patients per cohort to continue accrual to 27 per cohort (type I error, 4%; power, 90%).<b>Results:</b> There was one partial response among 27 women with hormone-resistant disease (ORR = 4%; 95% CI, 0-19), and none in 13 women with TNBC. One additional partial response was observed in the OC phase in the hormone-resistant cohort (<i>n</i> = 12). Mandatory tumor samples were obtained pre- and posttreatment (58% paired) with either up- or downregulation of ER observed in approximately 50% of posttreatment biopsies in the hormone-resistant, but not TNBC cohort.<b>Conclusions:</b> Combination epigenetic therapy was well tolerated, but our primary endpoint was not met. OC phase results suggest that some women benefit from epigenetic therapy and/or reintroduction of endocrine therapy beyond progression, but further study is needed. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 23(11); 2691-701. ©2016 AACR</i>.
Optimal Control Timing Search of Xenon Oscillations in Large PWRs Using a Characteristic Ellipse Trajectory Based on Three Axial Offsets (2009)

We have proposed a simplified control procedure for axial xenon oscillations in large PWRs based on a characteristic ellipse trajectory method. However, this procedure cannot guarantee that the desired control rod position can be achieved when the xenon oscillation is terminated. In a previous paper, we proposed an innovative and very simple procedure to generate the trajectory for the predicted oscillation behavior, which can be expressed by trigonometric functions multiplied by an exponential function. By using this prediction capability, it is shown that the optimal control timing can be easily determined to terminate the xenon oscillation at the desired control rod position. The optimal timing is obtained at the intersection or, cross point, of two predicted trajectories, the forward trajectory beginning from the current position and the backward trajectory that is generated based on the desired control rod position. Since the trajectories are calculated by simple trigonometric functions and an exponential function, the prediction takes only a few seconds using a PC.
(5,10,15,20‐Tetraphenylporphyrinato)manganese acetate as a novel initiator for the ring‐opening polymerization of 1,2‐epoxypropane (1988)

Abstract (5,10,15,20‐Tetraphenylporphyrinat o)manganese acetate (2) was found to bring about the ring‐opening polymerization of 1,2‐epoxypropane (3) (R 2 = CH 3 ) under mild conditions to give the polymer with a bimodal molecular weight distribution consisting of a sharp main peak and a small shoulder on the higher molecular weight side. The polymerization was found to proceed even in the presence of a protic compound such as an alcohol or a carboxylic acid to give the polymer with a unimodal very narrow molecular weight distribution. The number of the polymer molecules is in good agreement with the sum of those of 2 and the protic compound, demonstrating the “immortal” nature of polymerization.
A survey of HPC algorithms and frameworks for large-scale gradient-based nonlinear optimization (2022)

Abstract Large-scale numerical optimization problems arise from many fields and have applications in both industrial and academic contexts. Finding solutions to such optimization problems efficiently requires algorithms that are able to leverage the increasing parallelism available in modern computing hardware. In this paper, we review previous work on parallelizing algorithms for nonlinear optimization. To introduce the topic, the paper starts by giving an accessible introduction to nonlinear optimization and high-performance computing. This is followed by a survey of previous work on parallelization and utilization of high-performance computing hardware for nonlinear optimization algorithms. Finally, we present a number of optimization software libraries and how they are able to utilize parallel computing today. This study can serve as an introduction point for researchers interested in nonlinear optimization or high-performance computing, as well as provide ideas and inspiration for future work combining these topics.
Evaluation of a Modular Polyaxial Spinal Component With Interlocking Tapers (1997)

Abstract The use of tapers in orthopaedic applications for the fixation of one implant component to another is well documented, such as in femoral head fixation to a hip stem. By providing sufficient interference between the two components, hoop stresses and friction forces are generated which hold the assembly together. Under normal physiological conditions, the spine is subjected to a variety of loading regimes, including tension, compression, torsion, bending, and combinations of all four. With the addition of instrumentation, these spinal loads are shared with the fixation device. The resulting construct must be strong enough to maintain correction of the spinal deformity during healing. To examine the strength of a spinal instrumentation system which includes the new locking mechanism of tapers, several tests were utilized, including flexion-extension, axial rod gripping capacity, torsional rod gripping capacity, anterior-posterior pull, and fatigue flexion-extension tests.
Abstract 4345: Proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib, inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis of medulloblastoma cells (2010)

Abstract Medulloblastoma is the most common brain tumor in children. Proteasome inhibitors have been reported to inhibit cell proliferation and survival in a variety of tumor cells. Bortezomib (Velcade), an inhibitor of the 26S proteasome, has been approved by FDA to treat multiple myeloma. Here, we investigated effects of bortezomib on human medulloblastoma cells. Bortezomib inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis of Daoy medulloblastoma cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Significantly, a relatively low dose of 10 nM bortezomib effectively inhibited the viability of Daoy cells within 48 h. Bortezomib increased the release of cytochrome C to cytosol, resulting in activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, and cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Caspase inhibitor (Z-VAD-FMK) could rescue tumor cells from the cytotoxicity of bortezomib on both cell proliferation and survival. Bortezomib increased expression of the pro-apoptotic protein, Bak, and cleavage of the anti-apoptotic protein, Mcl-1. In addition, bortezomib increased the expression of p21Cip1, a negative regulator of cell cycle progression. Bortezomib also induced the accumulation of phosphorylated I[[Unable to Display Character: &amp;#312;]]Bα in Daoy cells, resulting in inhibition of NF[[Unable to Display Character: &amp;#312;]]B signaling. MG-132, another proteasome inhibitor, had similar effects on Daoy cells. Moreover, bortezomib inhibited the growth of human medulloblastoma cells in a mouse xenograft model. Our data suggest that proteasome inhibitors are promising drugs for the treatment of pediatric medulloblastomas. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4345.
Printable planar dielectric passive microwave components (2015)

Printable planar dielectric passive microwave components are investigated in this paper. Micron-size-thick films are printed on low-loss microwave substrates and considered as nearly perfect magnetic walls to realize microwave components. The permittivity contrast between the substrate and film is kept high in order to minimize the leakage power and consequently the insertion loss. An approximate theoretical technique is used to analyze the structures. The theoretical results are confirmed by experimental results and the results from a simulation-based numerical method. The impact of dielectric loss of the film is much less than that of the substrate, allowing realization of highly efficient components using films with medium loss properties (e.g., ε" = 3). Several prototypes including waveguide and antennas are fabricated by screen-printing and characterized at different frequencies.
Nanobrick wall multilayer thin films grown faster and stronger using electrophoretic deposition (2015)

In an effort to speed up the layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition technique, electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is employed with weak polyelectrolytes and clay nanoplatelets. The introduction of an electric field results in nearly an order of magnitude increase in thickness relative to conventional LbL deposition for a given number of deposited layers. A higher clay concentration also results with the EPD-LbL process, which produces higher modulus and strength with fewer deposited layers. A 20 quadlayer (QL) assembly of linear polyethyleneimine (LPEI)/poly(acrylic acid)/LPEI/clay has an elastic modulus of 45 GPa, tensile strength of 70 MPa, and thickness of 4.4 μm. Traditional LbL requires 40 QL to achieve the same thickness, with lower modulus and strength. This study reveals how these films grow and maintain a highly ordered nanobrick wall structure that is commonly associated with LbL deposition. Fewer layers required to achieve improved properties will open up many new opportunities for this multifunctional thin film deposition technique.