gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nexus-e: Validation and Calibration of Modules (2020)

Policy changes in the energy sector result in wide-ranging implications throughout the entire energy system and influence all sectors of the economy.Due partly to the high complexity of combining separate models, few attempts have been undertaken to model the interactions between the components of the energy-economic system.The Nexus-e Integrated Energy Systems Modeling Platform aims to fill this gap by providing an interdisciplinary framework of modules that are linked through well-defined interfaces to holistically analyze and understand the impacts of future developments in the energy system.This platform combines bottom-up and top-down energy modeling approaches to represent a much broader scope of the energy-economic system than traditional stand-alone modeling approaches.In Phase 1 of this project, the objective is to develop a novel tool for the analysis of the Swiss electricity system.This study illustrates the capabilities of Nexus-e in answering the crucial questions of how centralized and distributed flexibility technologies could be deployed in the Swiss electricity system and how they would impact the traditional operation of the system.The aim of the analysis is not policy advice, as some critical developments like the European net-zero emissions goal are not yet included in the scenarios, but rather to illustrate the unique capabilities of the Nexus-e modeling framework.To answer these questions, consistent technical representations of a wide spectrum of current and novel energy supply, demand, and storage technologies are needed as well as a thorough economic evaluation of different investment incentives and the impact investments have on the wider economy.Moreover, these aspects need to be combined with modeling of the long-and short-term electricity market structures and electricity networks.This report illustrates the capabilities of the Nexus-e platform.The Nexus-e Platform consists of five interlinked modules:1. General Equilibrium Module for Electricity (GemEl): a computable general equilibrium (CGE) module of the Swiss economy, 2. Centralized Investments Module (CentIv): a grid-constrained generation expansion planning (GEP) module considering system flexibility requirements, 3. Distributed Investments Module (DistIv): a GEP module of distributed energy resources, 4. Electricity Market Module (eMark): a market-based dispatch module for determining generator production schedules and electricity market prices, 5. Network Security and Expansion Module (Cascades): a power system security assessment and transmission system expansion planning module.This report describes the validation and calibration of the different modules within the Nexus-e framework.The objectives of the validation and the calibration of the Nexus-e modules is to develop trustworthy and high-fidelity modules as well as to adjust the modules to better represent the complexity of the involved real systems and processes.
N-Glycomic Profiling of Microsatellite Unstable Colorectal Cancer (2023)

Aberrant glycosylation affects cancer progression and immune evasion. Approximately 15% of colorectal cancers (CRCs) demonstrate microsatellite instability (MSI) and display major differences in outcomes and therapeutic responses as compared to corresponding microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors. We compared the N-glycan profiles of stage II and IV MSI CRC tumors, further subdivided into BRAFV600E wild-type and mutated subgroups (n=10 in each subgroup), with each other and with those of paired non-neoplastic mucosal samples using mass spectrometry. Further, the N-glycans of BRAFV600E wild-type stage II MSI tumors were compared to corresponding MSS tumors (n=9). Multiple differences in N-glycan profiles were identified between MSI CRCs and control tissues, as well as between stage II MSI and MSS samples. MSI CRC tumors showed a lower relative abundance of high-mannose N-glycans than the control tissues or the MSS CRCs. Among MSI CRC subgroups, acidic N-glycans showed tumor stage and BRAF mutation status dependent variation. Especially large, sulfated/phosphorylated, and putative terminal N-acetylhexosamine containing acidic N-glycans differed between the MSI CRC subgroups, showing opposite changes in stage II and IV, when comparing BRAF mutated and wild-type tumors. Our results show that molecular subgroups of CRC have characteristic glycan profiles that may explain certain carcinogenic properties of MSI tumors.
Study on Data Processing Method of High Precision Micro-tensile Stage (2011)

To deal with the problem of large system error of the micro-tensile stage and improve its measurement accuracy,several data processing methods are studied in this paper.Through the design of high speed and high accuracy data acquisition system,comparing the linear regression,polynomial fitting,subsection fitting and point-by-point comparison methods,the author can get the advantages and disadvantages of these methods in system error correction.All data processing methods can be realized by VC++ programming and also can be dealt on line.Experimental results show that flexible use of these methods can effectively improve the measurement accuracy for the micro-tensile stage.
Efficiency Analysis of SiC-MOSFET-Based Bidirectional Isolated DC/DC Converters (2016)

Circuit performance of SiC-MOSFET-based bidirectional isolated DC/DC converters is investigated based on circuit simulation with the physically accurate compact device model HiSIM_HV. It is demonstrated that the combined optimization of the MOSFETs Ron and of the inductances in the transformer can enable a conversion efficiency of more than 97%. The simulation study also verifies that the possible efficiency improvements are diminished due to the MOSFET-performance degradation, namely the carrier-mobility reduction, which results in a limitation of the possible Ron reduction. It is further demonstrated that an optimization of the MOSFET-operation conditions is important to utilize the resulting higher MOSFET performance for achieving additional converter efficiency improvements.
Glycosphingolipids of Rat T Cells. Predominance of Asialo-GM1 and GD1c (1994)

Glycosphingolipids play an important role in the immune response, yet their compositions in T and B cells which mediate cellular and humoral immunity, respectively, have not been elucidated. In this study, characteristic features of glycosphingolipids in rat T lineage cells were revealed by comparing the gangliosides and neutral glycolipids of spleen T- and beta-cell-enriched fractions and thymocytes. In T cells, GD1c(NeuGc,NeuGc), a unique ganglioside synthesized through asialo-GM1 (GA1), was the predominant ganglioside as previously found in thymocytes [Nohara, K., Suzuki, M., Inagaki, F., & Kaya, K. (1991) J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 110, 274-278], and the amount was much higher than in thymocytes. In addition, three other GA1-derived gangliosides were detected in T cells and identified as GM1b(NeuAc), GM1b(NeuGc), and GD1 alpha(NeuAc,NeuAc). In contrast, GD1 alpha(NeuAc,NeuAc) was not discernible in thymocytes, although gangliosides corresponding to GM1b(NeuAc) and GM1b(NeuGc) were detected. The neutral glycolipids of T cells contained almost exclusively GA1, while thymocytes contained much lower amounts. The predominance of these GA1-derived gangliosides was confirmed as a singular feature of T lineage cells by comparison with gangliosides of spleen B-cell-enriched fractions which mainly consisted of gangliosides synthesized through GM3 and GM1. Furthermore, the unique structures, which contain the GM1 core and the extended modification of the lacto series, alpha Gal-LacNAc-GM1, alpha Gal-(LacNAc)2-GM1, and sialyl-LacNAc-GM1, were found in B-cell-enriched fractions. Unexpectedly, the neutral glycolipid composition of the thymocytes resembled that of the B-cell enriched fraction rather than that of the T cells.
Investigation on the mechanical interface stability of curved high aspect ratio x-ray gratings made by deep x-ray lithography (2022)

We describe the rationale for selecting graphite as a substrate material suitable for manufacturing curved high-aspect ratio metallic x-ray gratings and experimentally validate that its properties satisfy requirements relevant for clinical phase-contrast and dark-field x-ray imaging. Selection criteria applied to two candidate materials graphite and polyimide were compliance to bending, mechanical tenacity of the attachment of the lamellar grating structure to the substrate, the substrate material’s x-ray robustness, and the compatibility with the x-ray LIGA process used to manufacture the grating structures. In contrast to other standard materials such as silicon wafers with titanium layer, graphite wafers could be bent to smaller radii and are natively electrically conductive. While polyimide wafers allowed for even smaller bending radii, we found their high risk of grating structure detachment to be a strong detractor. Minimum achievable bending radii were 55 and 70 mm for pure graphite wafers and graphite wafers with mounted grating structure, respectively. Electron microscopy of graphite surface and cross-sections revealed a fine porous structure conducting to a very stable metal–wafer interface. Grating structures with heights of more than 200 μm were bonded to graphite wafers and their integrity confirmed in flat as well as in bent state using microfocus x-ray imaging. We conclude that graphite is a very well-suited substrate material for manufacturing curved x-ray gratings.
Availability of organic and inorganic phosphorus compounds as phosphorus sources for Carex species (1996)

Inorganic phosphates (ferric phosphate, calcium phosphate and aluminium phosphate) and organic forms of phosphorus (inosito) hexaphosphate and β-glycerophosphate) were tested as phosphorus (P) sources for the growth of three Carex species from fens differing in productivity- and nutrient availability. Aluminium phosphate and β-glycerophosphate were equally effective sources of P for all three Carex species as KH<sub>2</sub> PO<sub>4</sub> , which was used as a control treatment. Phosphorus from ferric phosphate and calcium phosphate was also taken up bv Carex acutiformis Ehrh., a species of high productivity from eutrophic fen areas, but not by the other two species. Only Carex lasiocarpa Ehrh., a species from P-limited fens, showed a higher P-uptake when grown with inositol phosphate than in the second control treatment without P. The P-source also affected, with differences between species, the biomass allocation to the below-ground plant parts and the area of absorption surface of the roots. The mobilization of organic sources of P by fen Carex species found in the present study might be an important factor in the P dynamics of fens because of the high contents of organic P in the fen peat soils where these species grow. In the same way, the utilization of inorganic sources of P can play a relevant role in the P-cycle in these systems where the discharge of ground water rich in ions can lead to the fixation of P into inorganic compounds. However, the differing abilities of the various Carex species to mobilize P from P-pools does not explain clearly their preferential presence in different fens in relation to the P-availability.
A Fully Integrated 3.5-/4.9-GHz Dual-Band GaN MMIC Doherty Power Amplifier Based on Multi-Resonant Circuits (2021)

In this article, a fully integrated dual-band gallium nitride (GaN) Doherty power amplifier (DPA) based on multi-resonant circuits (MRCs) is presented. A lumped T-type network in combination with the output capacitances of the main and auxiliary transistors is able to realize the quarter-wavelength transformer (QWT) in DPA, and its component values are totally decided by the operating frequency, given a certain characteristic impedance. MRCs are proposed to exhibit the required component values at two different frequencies. By replacing each component in the T-type network with an MRC, a dual-band QWT can be achieved. An integrated dual-band DPA is implemented in a commercial 0.25- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> GaN-HEMT process to validate the proposed method. The fabricated DPA shows a saturated output power of 43.8–44.7/44.4–44.8 dBm, a 6-dB back-off drain efficiency (DE) of 41%–46%/41.5%–47%, and a saturated DE of 49%–52%/56%–59% in 3.35–3.6/4.8–5.2 GHz, with a compact size of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.8\times3.5$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Applying a 100-MHz OFDM signal with a 7.8-dB peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), an average efficiency of 37%/40% and an average power of 37/37 dBm are measured at 3.5/5.0 GHz, and the adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) is better than −49 dBc after digital predistortion (DPD). To the best of our knowledge, the proposed DPA is the first demonstration of fully integrated dual-band GaN DPAs.
Controlling product selectivity with nanoparticle composition in tandem chemo-biocatalytic styrene oxidation (2021)

The combination of heterogeneous catalysis and biocatalysis into one-pot reaction cascades is a potential approach to integrate enzymatic transformations into existing chemical infrastructure.
Translating Flowering Time from Arabidopsis thaliana to Brassicaceae and Asteraceae Crop Species (2018)

Flowering and seed set are essential for plant species to survive, hence plants need to adapt to highly variable environments to flower in the most favorable conditions. Endogenous cues such as plant age and hormones coordinate with the environmental cues like temperature and day length to determine optimal time for the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth. In a breeding context, controlling flowering time would help to speed up the production of new hybrids and produce high yield throughout the year. The flowering time genetic network is extensively studied in the plant model species <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>, however this knowledge is still limited in most crops. This article reviews evidence of conservation and divergence of flowering time regulation in <i>A. thaliana</i> with its related crop species in the Brassicaceae and with more distant vegetable crops within the Asteraceae family. Despite the overall conservation of most flowering time pathways in these families, many genes controlling this trait remain elusive, and the function of most Arabidopsis homologs in these crops are yet to be determined. However, the knowledge gathered so far in both model and crop species can be already exploited in vegetable crop breeding for flowering time control.
Peer Reviewed: Automating Analytical Separations in Radiochemistry. (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVFeaturesNEXTPeer Reviewed: Automating Analytical Separations in Radiochemistry. Sequential injection techniques offer a versatile approach to automating chemical separations. Jay W. Grate and Oleg B. EgorovCite this: Anal. Chemi. 1998, 70, 23, 779A–788APublication Date (Web):June 2, 2011Publication History Published online2 June 2011Published inissue 1 December 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac982067zhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ac982067zresearch-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views479Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fast Polarimetry of Multipulse Vector Soliton Operation (2013)

Applying high-speed polarimetery we experimentally demonstrate new types of vector solitons for multipulse operation in an erbium doped carbon nanotube mode-locked laser. The observed states of polarisation reveal either fast pulse-to-pulse polarisation switching between crosspolarised modes or slow cyclic evolution.
<title>Perspective estimation for document images</title> (2001)

There has been increasing interest in document capture with digital cameras, since they are often more convenient to use than conventional devices such as flatbed scanners. Unlike flatbed scanners, cameras can acquire document images with arbitrary perspectives. Without correction, perspective distortions are unappealing to human readers. They also make subsequent image analysis slower, more complicated and less reliable. The novel contribution of this paper is to view perspective estimation as a generalization of the well-studied skew estimation problem. Rather than estimating one angle of rotation we must determine four angles describing the perspective. In our method, separate estimates are made for angles describing lines that are parallel and perpendicular to text lines. Each of these estimates is based on a twice-iterated projection profile computation. We give a probabilistic argument for the method and describe an efficient implementation. Our results illustrate its primary benefits: it is robust and accurate. The method is efficient compared with the time required to warp the image to correct for perspective.
Design Optimization of a Conical Annular Centrifugal Contractor (2011)

The present work is concerned with a numerical study of the performance of a conical annular centrifugal contractor through the analysis of the flow properties when the apex angle is changed for different imposed axial flows. The calculations revealed the advantage of using conical annular centrifugal contractors compared to the cylindrical annular centrifuges. The study is conducted by a comparison analysis of the hydrodynamics of fluid flow in both conical and cylindrical contractors where moderate axial flows are imposed. In both systems the outer body is stationary while the inner rotor is maintained at constant speed. The calculations are achieved by a finite differences formulation using the Simplified Marker and Cell algorithm.
In Situ Immobilization of Lead Species in Combustion Environments by Injection of Gas Phase Silica Sorbent Precursors (1997)

A mechanistic study of the in situ immobilization of a toxic metal species in a high-temperature environment using gas phase sorbent precursors is described. Planar laser-based imaging measurements of fluorescence and particle scattering have been obtained to study the interaction of lead with silicon species in high-temperature oxidizing environ ments. The application of laser-induced fluorescence, the spectroscopy of PbO(g), and the techniques of measurement of gas phase precursors to particle formation are discussed. The silicon precursor is oxidized to form silica particles in the high temperatures, followed by a reactive scavenging of PbO(g). The result is that the lead oxide gas phase concentration is reduced, and homogenous nucleation of lead species is suppressed. The resultant particles are not only larger than a lead only case but also have mor phologies in which lead is effectively immobilized and vitrified within a silica matrix. Trace quantities of silicon species have been shown to be effective in conversion of lead oxide to lead silicate. The measured conversion efficiencies of lead oxide to lead silicate agree well with equilibrium calculations, and no rate limitations were observed.
Preparative isolation of six platycosides from Platycodi Radix by high-speed counter-current chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection (2008)

Platycodi Radix, the root of Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC. (Campanulaceae), has traditionally been used as medicinal herb. Its primary constituents, platycosides (saponins), are known to have diverse functionalities, exerting anti-inflammation, anti-allergy, anti-tumor, anti-obesity and anti-hyperlipidemia effects, as well as augmenting immune responses and stimulating apoptosis in skin cells. To this date, some studies isolating the various platycosides according to their specific biological activities have been published. The present work explains how high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) coupled with ELSD was applied to the preparative separation of six platycosides (platycoside E, platycodin D, platycodin D3, and their deapiose forms) from Platycodi Radix. The HSCCC, with a two-phase solvent system composed of hexane-n-butanol-water (1:40:20, v/v) and hexane-n-butanol-water (1:10:5, v/v), in combination with effluent monitoring by ELSD, was successfully performed. Consequently, platycoside E (21mg), deapio-platycoside E (14mg), platycodin D3 (10mg), deapio-platycodin D3 (6mg), platycodin D (28mg), and deapio-platycodin D (6mg), all with purities of over 94%, were isolated from 300mg of the platycoside-enriched fraction. Additionally, their structures were characterized by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), 1H NMR, and 13C NMR.
Sky Imager Data Reduction Using Autoencoder and Internet of Things Computing (2022)

Forecasting the output power of renewable energy sources is of an utmost importance for maintaining the stability of the electricity grid and ensuring uninterrupted service. Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices equipped with sky imagers are often used to estimate solar irradiance whose value is essential for forecasting solar energy. This paper considers distributed sky imagers whose data are transmitted through the Internet to a cloud for possible storage, forecasting, and/or performing other signal processing operations. The data comprise a collection of images, and this makes their streaming to the cloud a burden, i.e., they require a large bandwidth. In an attempt to deal with that, an IoT system is proposed in this paper such that it collects, compresses, transmits, and reconstructs those images with as little bandwidth as possible. More specifically, an IoT device multiplexes the collected images and compresses them using a deep learning algorithm, the encoder of a convolutional autoencoder (CAE) in particular. It, then, transmits the compressed images to a cloud server where they could be decompressed with high-fidelity using the decoder of the CAE. As the core to the proposed system, the performance of the CAE algorithm is evaluated using a publicly available dataset of sky images. Results indicate that the images can be compressed to 2% of their original size (i.e., compression ratio of 98%) and reconstructed again with high fidelity, i.e., average structural similarity index measure (SSIM) of 99%. Hardware implementation of the CAE algorithm has also been attempted using a Raspberry Pi platform representing the IoT device with an average processing speed of 6.6681 seconds per frame. This speed well meets practical requirements given the low frame-rate of sky imagers.
Key Integration Techniques and Issues for Silicon-Based Ferroelectric Devices (2004)

Some key integration techniques and issues have been discussed in this paper including fabrication techniques of ferroelectric films, electrode, interface and diffusion problems, etching techniques, stress, hydrogen-induced degradation and barrier interlayer technique, impact of the ferroelectric processing on silicon devices and packaging for the integrated ferroelectric devices. Mechanisms for the breakdown of ferroelectric devices have been analyzed and improved ways have been suggested.