gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Processes of Metal Atoms and Small Metal Clusters in Solid Supports (1983)

Major developments in the field of metal vapor synthesis and matrix isolation spectroscopy involving ground state metal atomic and cluster reagents over the past decade are briefly contemplated. A new direction which focuses attention on the chemistry and spectroscopy of these reagents in selected excited electronic states is the subject of this paper. In particular, matrix cage relaxation dynamics, following uv and visible excitation of atomic and small cluster guests of copper and silver in rare gas lattices will be examined. Reactivity patterns of electronically excited metal atomic reagents with methane and dioxygen will also be briefly .described. Metal-support effects involving both ground and excited electronic states of the metal guest-cage unit will feature prominently in these discussions. These interactions play a critical role in determining reactivity patterns and relaxation processes of immobilized metal guests and clearly bear a relationship to metal-support effects known to be important in supported metal catalysts.
Activity of a direct VTA to ventral pallidum GABA pathway encodes unconditioned reward value and sustains motivation for reward (2022)

Dopamine signaling from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) plays critical roles in reward-related behaviors, but less is known about the functions of neighboring VTA GABAergic neurons. We show here that a primary target of VTA GABA projection neurons is the ventral pallidum (VP). Activity of VTA-to-VP-projecting GABA neurons correlates consistently with size and palatability of the reward and does not change following cue learning, providing a direct measure of reward value. Chemogenetic stimulation of this GABA projection increased activity of a subset of VP neurons that were active while mice were seeking reward. Optogenetic stimulation of this pathway improved performance in a cue-reward task and maintained motivation to work for reward over days. This VTA GABA projection provides information about reward value directly to the VP, likely distinct from the prediction error signal carried by VTA dopamine neurons.
BGP Extended Community for Identifying the Target Node (2000)

BGP [RFC4271] has been used to distribute different types of routing
and policy information in the network. In some cases, the information
distributed may be only intended for one or several particular
receiving BGP nodes in the network. However, BGP does not have a
general mechanism of designating the receiving node of the routing
information. This document defines a new type of BGP Extended
Community called Target. The mechanism of using the Node Target
Extended Community to steer BGP route distribution to particular BGP
nodes is specified.
Frequency-dependent resistance in Litz-wire planar windings for all-metal domestic induction heating appliances (2005)

In this paper the frequency-dependent resistance in Litz-wires planar windings for all-metal domestic induction heating appliances is analyzed. For planar inductors, where size is not an essential constraint, an analytical model is developed based on the superposition of different loss effects in the wire, several inductors were constructed and results with both nonloaded and loaded inductors are compared with theoretical predictions
Tight regulation of wingless-type signaling in the articular cartilage - subchondral bone biomechanical unit: transcriptomics in Frzb-knockout mice (2012)

Our analysis provides evidence for tight regulation of WNT signalling, shifts in extracellular matrix components and effects on cell proliferation and differentiation in the articular cartilage - subchondral bone unit in Frzb-/- mice. These data further support an important role for FRZB in joint homeostasis and highlight the complex biology of WNT signaling in the joint.
Cu-Sn-Ti Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment (2013)

Swiss National Science Foundation 200020-111854/1 and 200021-101623/1 ; Sino Swiss Science and Technology Cooperation (SSSTC) IP08-092009
Editor's evaluation: Role of distinct fibroblast lineages and immune cells in dermal repair following UV radiation-induced tissue damage (2021)

UV irradiation, a major cause of skin damage, leads to selective loss of fibroblasts from the upper dermis via a deregulated inflammatory response, and infiltrating T cells can promote fibroblast survival in UV irradiated skin.
Genotype spectrum of ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency: Correlation with the clinical and biochemical phenotype (2000)

Ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency, a partially dominant X-linked disorder, is the most common inherited defect of the urea cycle. Previous reports suggested a variable phenotypic spectrum, and several studies documented different "private" mutations in the OTC genes of patients. Our laboratory identified disease-causing mutations in 157 families with OTC deficiency, 100 of which came to medical attention through a hemizygous propositus and in 57 the index case was a heterozygous female. We correlated the genotype with age of onset, liver OTC activity, incorporation of nitrogen into urea, and peak plasma ammonia levels. The "neonatal onset" group has a homogeneous clinical and biochemical phenotype, whereas the "late onset" group shows an extremely wide phenotype; 60% of the mutations are associated exclusively with acute neonatal hyperammonemic coma. The remaining mutations caused a nonuniform phenotype ranging from severe disease to no symptoms; 31% of the mutations in the OTC gene occur in CpG dinucleotides (methylation-mediated deamination), and none of them accounted for more than 4% of the total. Eighty-six percent of the mutations represented single-base substitutions and 68% of the substitutions were transitions. G-to-A and C-to-T transitions were the most frequent substitutions (34 and 21%, respectively) whereas C-to-A, A-to-C, C-to-G, and T-to-A transversions were the least common (1.5-3%). Twenty percent of propositi and 77% of propositae carried new mutations. Forty percent of female germinal mutations were in CpG dinucleotides whereas this number appears much smaller in male germinal mutations. These data allow classification of patients with OTC deficiency into at least two groups who have discordant disease course and prognoses. In addition, they improve our understanding on the origin of mutations in the OTC gene and allow better counseling of affected families.
Multi-Layered Dynamic Encryption Security Scheme for Cloud Data Storage (2017)

This journal article discusses our Dynamic Encryption Key Security Scheme (DEKSS) and the purpose it serves in providing a new security architecture for protecting databases used in technology stacks involving Mobile and Cloud based devices. Our security scheme is a novel architectural strategy that implements a full-stack architecture for the dispatching and management of data between several Cloud Service Providers (CSP) and any number of mobile devices. This strategy can promise data security needs for both mobile devices and cloud service providers without impacting the security requirements of the other party. While there are limitations in being truly secure, such as those recognized by WhiteHat security in their annual report[1], we believe that our security scheme can effectively circumvent potential threats and secure data through folding data using any number of encryption layers for every table and column of data to be stored. Through this approach, we have found our work to be applicable to a variety of different audiences within the cloud security space.
The membrane protein CD9/DRAP 27 potentiates the juxtacrine growth factor activity of the membrane-anchored heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor. (1995)

The membrane-anchored heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor precursor (proHB-EGF)/diphtheria toxin receptor (DTR) belongs to a class of transmembrane growth factors and physically associates with CD9/DRAP27 which is also a transmembrane protein. To evaluate the biological activities of proHB-EGF/DTR as a juxtacrine growth factor and the biological significance of its association with CD9/DRAP27, the mitogenic activity of proHB-EGF/DTR was analyzed using stable transfectants of mouse L cells expressing both human proHB-EGF/DTR and monkey CD9/DRAP27, or either one alone. Juxtacrine activity was assayed by measuring the ability of cells in co-culture to stimulate DNA synthesis in an EGF receptor ligand dependent cell line, EP170.7. LH-2 cells expressing human proHB-EGF/DTR stimulated EP170.7 cell growth moderately. However, LCH-1 cells, a stable co-transfectant expressing both human proHB-EGF/DTR and monkey CD9/DRAP27 cDNAs, dramatically unregulated the juxtacrine growth factor activity of proHB-EGF/DTR approximately 25 times over that of LH-2 cells even though both cell types expressed similar levels of proHB-EGF/DTR on the cell surface. Anti-CD9/DRAP27 antibodies which were not able to neutralize the mitogenic activity of soluble HB-EGF suppressed LCH-1 cell juxtacrine growth activity to the same extent as did anti-HB-EGF neutralizing antibodies and CRM 197, specific inhibitors of human HG-EGF. These findings suggest that optimal expression of the juxtacrine growth activity of proHB-EGF/DTR requires co-expression of CD9/DRAP27. These studies also indicate that growth factor potentiation effects which have been observed previously for soluble growth factors also occurs at the level of cell surface associated growth factors.
Analysis of Electric Vehicle Charging Behavior in Low-Voltage Grids Using a Receding Horizon Control Strategy (2018)

Electric vehicles (EV) are becoming increasingly popular due to the need for a greater contribution of the transport sector to climate protection. Their integration into the system, however, poses both challenges and opportunities. This paper takes a closer look at the behavior of EVs in a setting influenced by electricity market prices and network restrictions. Our focus is a market model that includes network constraints in order to derive a market driven control strategy for EVs that also observes all grid constraints. A price signal from the market is used to control the charging behavior with a receding horizon approach and considering network restrictions. A case study examines the possible effects of the control strategy on the system. The main result is that EVs are very flexible in shifting their demand for the considered low-voltage grid. However, high photovoltaics feed-in, especially in the summer months, can lead to high network loads that EVs cannot always completely compensate.
Word spotting in scanned images using hidden Markov models (1993)

A hidden-Markov-model (HMM)-based system for font-independent spotting of user-specified keywords in a scanned image is described. Word bounding boxes of potential keywords are extracted from the image using a morphology-based preprocessor. Feature vectors based on the external shape and internal structure of the word are computed over vertical columns of pixels in a word bounding box. For each user-specified keyword, an HMM is created by concatenating appropriate context-dependent character HMMs. Nonkeywords are modeled using an HMM based on context-dependent subcharacter models. Keyword spotting is performed using a Viterbi search through the HMM network created by connecting the keyword and nonkeyword HMMs in parallel. Applications of word-image spotting include information filtering in images from facsimile and copy machines, and information retrieval from text image databases.< <ETX>&gt;</ETX>
Predicting knowledge in an ontology stream (2013)

Recently, ontology stream reasoning has been introduced as a multidisciplinary approach, merging synergies from Artificial Intelligence, Database, World-Wide-Web to reason on semantic augmented data streams. Although knowledge evolution and real-time reasoning have been largely addressed in ontology streams, the challenge of predicting its future (or missing) knowledge remains open and yet unexplored. We tackle predictive reasoning as a correlation and interpretation of past semantics-augmented data over exogenous ontology streams. Consistent predictions are constructed as Description Logics entailments by selecting and applying relevant cross-streams association rules. The experiments have shown accurate prediction with real and live stream data from Dublin City in Ireland.
Clinical proof-of-concept with JX-594, a novel targeted multi-mechanistic oncolytic poxvirus, in patients with refractory liver tumors (2008)

3573 Background: JX-594 is a first-in-class targeted oncolytic poxvirus designed to selectively replicate in and destroy cancer cells with cell cycle abnormalities and EGFR/ ras pathway activation. Direct oncolysis plus GM-CSF expression also stimulates tumor vascular shutdown and anti-tumoral immunity. Methods: A Phase I-II dose-escalation trial was carried out with JX-594 administered by intratumoral injection every three weeks in patients with end-stage refractory primary or metastatic tumors within the liver. Standard dose- escalation guidelines were used. Data was collected on safety, efficacy, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Results: Fourteen patients were enrolled in four dose cohorts, including hepatocellular (HCC), colorectal, melanoma and lung cancers. Patients were heavily pretreated and had large tumors (median 6 cm.). The mean number of JX-594 treatments was 3.5 (range 1–8). All patients experienced mild to moderate flu-like symptoms and transient dose-related thrombocytopenia. Grade III hyperbilirubinemia was dose-limiting at the highest dose level. JX-594 replication-dependent mechanism-of-action was demonstrated, including dissemination in blood and resultant infection of distant tumor sites, plus GM-CSF expression resulting in significant increases in neutrophil counts. Ten patients were radiographically evaluable. Objective responses of the JX-594-treated tumors were demonstrated by RECIST (30%) and by Choi (80%) criteria; only one patient had progressive disease. PET-CT and serum tumor marker responses were also demonstrated. Non-injected tumors were present in 7 patients, and 6 had responses or stable disease. Conclusions: Intratumoral JX-594 treatment resulted in high level replication, GM-CSF expression, systemic dissemination and reproducible efficacy against a spectrum of refractory carcinomas. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Jennerex Biotherapeutics, Inc Jennerex Biotherapeutics, Inc Jennerex Biotherapeutics, Inc Jennerex Biotherapeutics, Inc
Impact of semiconductor/contact metal thickness ratio on organic thin-film transistor performance (2008)

Pentacene-based organic thin-film transistors have been fabricated using photolithography and the bottom contact structure using parylene as the gate dielectric. Device performance was optimized by varying the thickness ratio of pentacene to Au contacts. Contact resistance dependence on the pentacene/Au thickness ratio (r=tpen∕tAu) was extracted using the transfer-length method [D. K. Schroder, Semiconductor Material and Device Characterization (Wiley, New York, 2006), pp. 184–199; Necliudov et al., Solid-State Electron. 47, 259 (2003)]. In this paper, we show that the effect of parasitic resistance and pentacene film morphology on device performance can be decoupled. Film morphology and microstructure are reported as a function of pentacene thickness and the correlation with transistor field-effect mobility is discussed.
Photocurrent of CdSe nanocrystals on single-walled carbon nanotube-field effect transistor (2008)

CdSe nanocrystals (NCs) have been decorated on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) by combining a method of chemically modified substrate along with gate-bias control. CdSe∕ZnS core/shell quantum dots were negatively charged by adding mercaptoacetic acid. The silicon oxide substrate was decorated by octadecyltrichlorosilane and converted to hydrophobic surface. The negatively charged CdSe NCs were adsorbed on the SWCNT surface by applying a negative gate bias. The measured photocurrent clearly demonstrates that CdSe NCs decorated SWCNT can be used for photodetector and solar cell that are operable over a wide range of wavelengths.
Electronic equalization and FEC enable bidirectional CWDM capacities of 9.6 Tb/s-km (2004)

Using electronic equalization to combat chromatic dispersion and forward error correction (FEC) to increase robustness to in-band crosstalk, we demonstrate CWDM capacities of 32/spl times/10 Gb/s (2/spl times/16, full-duplex) over >30 km of low-water-peak standard single-mode fiber.
Question Answering with LCC's CHAUCER-2 at TREC 2007 (2006)

CHAUCER is a Q/A system developed for (a) combining several strategies for modeling the target of a series of questions and (b) optimizing the extraction of answers. Targets were modeled by (1) topic signatures; (2) semantic types; (3) lexico-semantic patterns; (4) frame dependencies; and (5) predictive questions. Several strategies for answer extraction were also tried. The best-performing strategy was based on the use of textual entailment. 1.
The multifaceted role of the E3 ubiquitin ligase HOIL‐1: beyond linear ubiquitination (2015)

Ubiquitination controls and fine-tunes many signaling processes driving immunity, inflammation, and cancer. The E3 ubiquitin ligase HOIL-1 (heme-oxidized IRP2 ubiquitin ligase-1) is increasingly implicated in different signaling pathways and plays a vital role in immune regulation. HOIL-1 co operates with the E3 ubiquitin ligase HOIP (HOIL-1 interacting protein) to modify specific nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling proteins with linear M1-linked polyubiquitin chains. In addition, through its ability to also add K48-linked polyubiquitin chains to specific substrates, HOIL-1 has been linked with antiviral signaling, iron and xenobiotic metabolism, cell death, and cancer. HOIL-1 deficiency in humans leads to myopathy, amylopectinosis, auto-inflammation, and immunodeficiency associated with an increased frequency of bacterial infections. HOIL-1-deficient mice exhibit amylopectin-like deposits in the myocardium, pathogen-specific immunodeficiency, but minimal signs of hyper-inflammation. This review summarizes current knowledge on the mechanism of action of HOIL-1 and highlights recent advances regarding its role in health and disease.
Kinetic studies on the imine base/isocyanate‐induced radical polymerization of vinyl monomers (2012)

Abstract Specific imine bases (IB) in conjunction with various isocyanates (IC) mediate the radical polymerization of radically polymerizable monomers such as methyl methacrylate (MMA). Advantageously, the 2‐(methylmercapto)‐2‐thiazoline MMT/IC combination as initiator works even at room temperature for polymerization of MMA. The coefficients a , b , and c of the basic rate law of monomer consumption d [M]/ dt = k p ·[IC] a ·[IB] b ·[M] c were determined. The order a has been determined to 0.5 showing the root law of radical polymerization with respect to the IC component as initiator. Moreover, b and c amount 1. The initiator combination MMT/ IC was applied to determine the influence of the molecular structure of the IC on the rate of monomer conversion. For aromatic isocyantes, the gross rate constant of monomer consumption correlates with the Hammet constant of aromatic substituents. The activation energies of the gross polymerization rate constant of several initiator mixtures were determined whereby the value of E A,Br was found to be between typical values of radical polymerization initiated by photochemical reactions (∼20 kJ/mol) and commonly used thermal decomposing initiators (∼80 kJ/mol). Presumptions on the initiating and terminating step of the IB/IC mediated polymerization were done by means of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy, and the elemental composition of the head and end group of the resulting polymers. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012
Measurement of the stray field emanating from magnetic force microscope tips by Hall effect microsensors (1997)

We describe the use of micronic Hall sensors as magnetic-field profilometers with submicron resolution. The procedure involves the deconvolution of Hall voltage maps produced by scanning the field source over the sensor, with a scanning probe microscope. The response function of an infinite Hall cross is calculated analytically in the two-dimensional case, using conformal mapping techniques. Various methods of deconvolution of the Hall voltage maps are presented and compared. The calculated response function is used for the deconvolutions, and different effective sensor sizes are tried. It is shown that the remaining main uncertainties come from the ignorance of the true response function of the sensor, ascribed to the charge depletion phenomenon that is known to occur at the sensor edges. The method is applied to thin-film magnetic force microscope tips for which a precise knowledge of the tips field at sample location proves crucial to image interpretation. Maximum fields in the range 10–100 Oe are found at a distance known to be about 100 nm from the tip contact surface, depending on the tip coating thickness and magnetization direction.
[New insights in atherosclerosis research: LOX-1, leading actor of cardiovascular diseases]. (2007)

The OLR1 gene encodes a cell-surface endocytosis receptor (LOX-1) for oxidized low density lipoprotein (OxLDL). LDL is oxidized in vascular endothelial cells to a highly injurious product that results in endothelial cell injury, which is implicated in the development of atherosclerosis. Vascular endothelial cells also internalize and degrade oxLDL though the OLR1 receptor. This receptor is upregulated by ox-LDL itself and by angiotensin II, endothelin, cytokines, and shear stress, important factors of atherosclerosis. This receptor is upregulated in the arteries of hypertensive, dyslipidemic, and diabetic animals. Two independent studies have demonstrated genetic association between polymorphisms in the OLR1 gene and myocardial infarction. Based on genetic and functional studies we propose LOX-1 as a novel biomarker and target in cardiovascular disease diagnosis and prevention.
A135 A New Method of Repairing Metal Structures using Local Laser Heating (2014)

More efficient preventive maintenance and repairing techniques are required because many nuclear power plants are aging. Especially, management of Stress Corrosion Cracking is important. We have developed Laser-Peening as a preventive maintenance technique and Underwater Laser Welding as a repairing technique. In this study, we propose a new repairing technique combined local laser heating and hot wire feed device. This local laser has oblong energy distribution in heating area. A wire is heated using Joule heat in the feed device. We focused on "Laser scanning velocity", "Heating current" and "Feeding velocity", and optimized these parameters. As a consequence, we confirmed that the combination of this local laser heating and the hot wire feed device is efficient to expand repairing area.
Design-to-process integration: optimizing 130-nm X architecture manufacturing (2003)

The X Architecture is a novel on-chip interconnect architecture based on the pervasive use of diagonal wiring. This diagonal wiring reduces total chip wire length by an average 20% and via count by an average of 30%, resulting in simultaneous improvements in chip speed, power, a cost. Thirty percent or greater reduction in via counts is a compelling feature for IC design - but can chips with massive amounts of diagonal wiring be manufactured without some other penalty? This paper presents the result of a project, collaborated by Cadence Design Systems, Numerical Technologies, DuPont Photomasks, and Nikon, aimed at optimizing each step of the lithography supply chain for the Architecture from masks to wafers at 130 nm.