gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Idiopathic myelofibrosis with extramedullary hematopoiesis in the kidneys. (1999)

Extramedullary hematopoiesis is a common finding in idiopathic myelofibrosis and is usually found in liver and spleen. We report on a patient with biopsy-proven myeloid metaplasia and fibrosis of the renal parenchyma as a rare cause of chronic renal failure. The renal biopsy specimen showed numerous infiltrates of hematopoietic cells expressing growth factors like M-CSF, GM-CSF, IL-1beta and PDGF while TGF-beta was not elevated. These findings suggest that hematopoietic growth factors play a key role in the pathogenesis of this condition causing proliferating fibrosis and enlargement of the kidneys.
Transcriptional activation of Jun and Fos members of the AP-1 complex is a conserved signature of immune aging that contributes to inflammaging (2022)

ABSTRACT Diverse mouse strains have different health and life spans, mimicking the diversity among humans. To capture conserved aging signatures, we studied long-lived C57BL/6J and short-lived NZO/HILtJ mouse strains by profiling transcriptomes and epigenomes of immune cells from peripheral blood and the spleen from young and old mice. Transcriptional activation of the AP-1 transcription factor complex, particularly Fos, Junb , and Jun genes, was the most significant and conserved aging signature across tissues and strains. ATAC-seq data analyses showed that the chromatin around these genes was more accessible with age and there were significantly more binding sites for these TFs with age across all studied tissues, targeting pro-inflammatory molecules including Il6 . Age-related increases in binding sites of Jun/Fos factors were also conserved in human peripheral blood ATAC-seq data. Single-cell RNA-seq data from the mouse aging cell atlas Tabula Muris Senis showed that the expression of these genes increased with age in B, T, NK cells, and macrophages, with macrophages from old mice expressing these molecules more abundantly than other cells. Functional data showed that upon myeloid cell activation via poly(I:C), the levels of c-JUN protein and its binding activity increased more significantly in spleen cells from old mice compared to cells from young mice. In addition, upon activation, old cells produced more IL6 compared to young cells. In sum, we showed that the aging-related transcriptional activation of Jun/Fos members of the AP-1 complex is conserved across immune tissues and long- and short-living mouse strains, possibly contributing to increased inflammation with age.
Enhancement of compressed video signals using a local blockiness metric (2008)

This paper presents a new method for enhancement of the visual quality of compressed video sequences. The algorithm detects the location of a block grid, reduces coding artifacts and enhances sharpness of image details using integrated filtering that ensures low implementation cost and high quality. The results of our experiments show the high efficiency of the proposed approach.
From Antenna Stents to Wireless Geiger Counters: The Promise of Electrical Micro-Discharges in the Fabrication and Operation of Microsensors (2006)

Micro-scale electrical discharges can be useful in both manufacturing contexts and sensing modalities. With regard to manufacturing, they provide structural and material diversity: microplasmas ignited between thin film metal patterns permit localized etching and deposition, whereas micro-arcs permit stainless steel and other bulk metals. Micro-electrodischarge machining has been used for the lithography-compatible fabrication of "smart stents" that are integrated with pressure sensors. It has also been used to embed sensors at the tip of biopsy needles. With regard to sensing modalities, spectroscopic detection of chemicals in both gas and liquid phase has been explored. For example, discharge spectroscopy has been used to detect inorganic contaminants such as lead and chrome in water. The converse application has also been reported: salts dissolved in aqueous sample are used to tune the emission spectrum, which is subsequently filtered and used as an inexpensive UV source for the fluorescent detection of biochemicals. Gas-phase discharges are used for radiation sensing by Geiger counters and related micromachined devices. It has been shown that the RF emissions associated with these discharges are in the UWB spectrum, and can be detected by common AM/FM radios, creating some interesting opportunities for wireless networking
Design Optimization for Low-Complexity FPGA Implementation of Symbol-Level Multiuser Precoding (2021)

This paper proposes and validates a low-complexity FPGA design for symbol-level precoding (SLP) in multiuser multiple-input single-output (MISO) downlink communication systems. In the optimal case, the symbol-level precoded transmit signal is obtained as the solution to an optimization problem tailored for a given set of users' data symbols. This symbol-by-symbol design, however, imposes excessive computational complexity on the system. To alleviate this issue, we aim to reduce the per-symbol complexity of the SLP scheme by developing an approximate yet computationally-efficient closed-form solution. The proposed solution allows us to achieve a high symbol throughput in real-time implementations. To develop the FPGA design, we express the proposed solution in an algorithmic way and translate it to hardware description language (HDL). We then optimize the processing to accelerate the performance and generate the corresponding intellectual property (IP) core. We provide the synthesis report for the generated IP core, including performance and resource utilization estimates and interface descriptions. To validate our design, we simulate an uncoded transmission over a downlink multiuser channel using the LabVIEW software, where the SLP IP core is implemented as a clock-driven logic (CDL) unit. Our simulation results show that a throughput of 100 Mega symbols per second per user can be achieved via the proposed SLP design. We further use the MATLAB software to produce numerical results for the conventional zero-forcing (ZF) and the optimal SLP techniques as benchmarks for comparison. Thereby, it is shown that the proposed FPGA implementation of SLP offers an improvement of up to 50 percent in power efficiency compared to the ZF precoding. Remarkably, it enjoys the same per-symbol complexity order as that of the ZF technique. We also evaluate the loss of the real-time SLP design, introduced by the algebraic approximations and arithmetic inaccuracies, with respect to the optimal scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: New Ligands with a Wide Bite Angle. Efficient Catalytic Activity in the Rh(I)‐Catalyzed Hydroformylation of Olefins. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
RIPK3–MLKL–Mediated Neutrophil Death Requires Concurrent Activation of Fibroblast Activation Protein-α (2020)

Cytokine-primed neutrophils can undergo a nonapoptotic type of cell death using components of the necroptotic pathway, including receptor-interacting protein kinase-3 (RIPK3), mixed lineage kinase-like (MLKL) and NADPH oxidase. In this report, we provide evidence for a potential role of serine proteases in CD44-mediated necroptotic death of GM-CSF-primed human neutrophils. Specifically, we observed that several inhibitors known to block the enzymatic function of fibroblast activation protein-α (FAP-α) were able to block CD44-mediated reactive oxygen species production and cell death, but not FAS receptor-mediated apoptosis. To understand how FAP-α is involved in this nonapoptotic death pathway, we performed immunoblotting experiments in the presence and absence of inhibitors of RIPK3, MLKL, p38 MAPK, PI3K, and FAP-α. The results of these experiments suggested that FAP-α is active in parallel with RIPK3, MLKL, and p38 MAPK activation but proximal to PI3K and NADPH oxidase activation. Interestingly, neutrophils isolated from the joints of patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis underwent a GM-CSF-independent necroptosis following CD44 ligation; this effect was also blocked by both FAP-α and MLKL inhibitors. Taken together, our evidence shows that the RIPK3-MLKL pathway activates NADPH oxidase but requires, in addition to p38 MAPK and PI3K, a serine protease activity, whereby FAP-α is the most likely candidate. Thus, FAP-α could be a potential drug target in neutrophilic inflammatory responses to avoid exaggerated nonapoptotic neutrophil death, leading to tissue damage.
Origin and Evolution of HIV-1 in Breast Milk Determined by Single-Genome Amplification and Sequencing (2010)

HIV transmission via breastfeeding accounts for a considerable proportion of infant HIV acquisition. However, the origin and evolution of the virus population in breast milk, the likely reservoir of transmitted virus variants, are not well characterized. In this study, HIV envelope (env) genes were sequenced from virus variants amplified by single-genome amplification from plasmas and milk of 12 chronically HIV-infected, lactating Malawian women. Maximum likelihood trees and statistical tests of compartmentalization revealed interspersion of plasma and milk HIV env sequences in the majority of subjects, indicating limited or no compartmentalization of milk virus variants. However, phylogenetic tree analysis further revealed monotypic virus variants that were significantly more frequent in milk (median proportion of identical viruses, 29.5%; range, 0 to 61%) than in plasma (median proportion of identical viruses, 0%; range, 0 to 26%) (P = 0.002), suggesting local virus replication in the breast milk compartment. Moreover, clonally amplified virus env genes in milk produced functional virus Envs that were all CCR5 tropic. Milk and plasma virus Envs had similar predicted phenotypes and neutralization sensitivities to broadly neutralizing antibodies in both transmitting and nontransmitting mothers. Finally, phylogenetic comparison of longitudinal milk and plasma virus env sequences revealed synchronous virus evolution and new clonal amplification of evolved virus env genes in milk. The limited compartmentalization and the clonal amplification of evolving, functional viruses in milk indicate continual seeding of the mammary gland by blood virus variants, followed by transient local replication of these variants in the breast milk compartment.
Fin-Array-FET on bulk silicon for sub-100 nm trench capacitor DRAM (2004)

Fin gate array transistor (Fin-Array-FET) fabricated on bulk silicon substrate is applied to the DRAM cell with the deep trench (DT) capacitor. Fin-Array-FET is designed for the 130 nm technology node and beyond by using the 3-D device simulator (HyDeLEOS) and process simulator (HySyProS). It is demonstrated that the on-current of Fin-Array-FET is 62 /spl mu/A/cell that is about 1.7 times as much as conventional planer array FET, keeping the off-current 0.1 fA/cell. It is also demonstrated that Fin-Array-FET on bulk silicon substrate can relieve of the retention degradation because the channel boron doping can be reduced to more than one order compared to the conventional planar array FET.
Molecular Imprinting (2016)

In the past, aggregation and self-assembly have been associated principally with micellar and colloidal systems of molecules; however, with the advent of supramolecular chemistry, molecular self-assembly has been opened to a much wider understanding that has facilitated access to a variety of different shapes and sizes, along with the construction of new and fascinating molecular topologies. This document aims at defining more than 150 terms related to aggregation and self-assembly in the particular case of macromolecules. The list is restricted to the most commonly encountered terms.
On the Covariance Matrix Distortion Constraint for the Gaussian Wyner-Ziv Problem (2015)

We first present an explicit formula R(D) for the rate-distortion function (RDF) of the vector Gaussian re- mote Wyner-Ziv problem with covariance matrix distortion constraints. To prove the lower bound, we use a particular variant of joint matrix diagonalization to establish a notion of the minimum of two symmetric positive-definite matrices. We then show that from the resulting RDF, it is possible to derive RDFs with different distortion constraints. Specifically, we rederive the RDF for the vector Gaussian remote Wyner-Ziv problem with the mean-squared error distortion constraint, and a rate-mutual information function. This is done by minimizing R(D) subject to appropriate constraints on the distortion matrix D. The key idea to solve the resulting minimization problems is to lower- bound them with simpler optimization problems and show that they lead to identical solutions. We thus illustrate the generality of the covariance matrix distortion constraint in the Wyner-Ziv setup.
The Influence of Geography, Time, and Payer Type on the Utilization of Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) Between 2005 and 2015 (2018)

Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) is a critical compound for endochondral bone formation and is used as a bone graft substitute to promote spinal fusion and fracture healing. We sought to identify rate, type, and applications of use of BMP in spinal fusion surgery during 2005 to 2015. The Medicare 5% national sample (SAF5) database and the Humana Orthopaedics database (HORTHO) were searched for patients who underwent spinal fusion with BMP. Rate of use over time and influence of geographic region and payer type on utilization of BMP during 2005 to 2015 were analyzed. A total of 9879 and 12,598 patients were treated with BMP within the SAF5 database and HORTHO databases, respectively. There was a statistically significant variation in use of BMP among geographic regions. Rate of BMP usage for patients above 65 years old was 11.02 and 58.91 patients per 100,000 members for SAF5 and HORTHO databases, respectively (P<0.001). Rate of use of BMP did not vary significantly during 2005 to 2012 within the SAF5 database (P=0.153). There was a trend toward lower use of BMP in the HORTHO database between 2007 and 2015 (P=0.081). BMP use was higher for private pay than Medicare.
Table S3 from Preneoplastic Alterations Define CLL DNA Methylome and Persist through Disease Progression and Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table of correlation between time points within one sample and number of hyper- or hypomethylated CpGs for all CLL (top) and naïve and memory B cell samples (bottom)&lt;/p&gt;
Comparison of human monocytes isolated by elutriation and adherence suggests that heterogeneity may reflect a continuum of maturation/activation states. (1988)

Monocytes are heterogeneous both in terms of physical properties and in their functional capacity. Isolation of monocytes from peripheral blood may perturb the observed heterogeneity for purified cell preparations. To explore this possibility we examined monocytes prepared by two techniques, counter-flow centrifugation elutriation (CCE) and fibronectin adherence, in terms of cell-surface molecule expression and several physical properties. Although such cells would be expected to represent dissimilar cross-sections of the total monocyte population, they were found to have similar cell-surface antigenic profiles. Observed differences in levels of expression of several molecules (CR1, CR3 and the antigen recognized by LP9 antibody) were found to be a temperature-related phenomenon. These results indicate that monocytes are not divisible into 'subpopulations' on the basis of cell-surface molecule expression and suggest that heterogeneity of monocytes may reflect the presence in the circulation of a continuum of maturational/activation states.
ChemInform Abstract: A Synthesis of (‐)‐Indolactam V. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Flying spin qubits: A method for encoding and transporting qubits within a dimerized Heisenberg spin-12chain (2007)

We present a method for encoding and transporting qubits within a dimerized Heisenberg spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ chain. Logical qubits are localized at the domain walls that separate the two possible dimerized states. The domain walls can be moved to produce ``flying spin qubits.'' The topological nature of these states makes them stable against local perturbations of the exchange profile. Pairs of domain walls can be used to generate Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs of entangled qubits. We discuss speed limitations within an exactly solvable three-spin model and describe a possible physical realization using quantum dot arrays.
A film bulk acoustic resonator in liquid environments (2005)

A highly sensitive film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) mass sensor in liquid environments is described in this paper. A transmission line model is used to theoretically predict the dependence of the FBAR's resonant frequency on added mass. FBAR performance in a liquid environment is experimentally characterized for the first time and the effects of the liquid nature and conductivity on the FBAR series and parallel resonant frequencies are investigated. A TiO2-coated FBAR is developed for sensitive mass sensing of metal ions in a liquid environment.
BCL-2, une nouvelle classe d'oncogène mitochondrial à effet anti-apoptose (1991)

une nouvelle classe d'oncogène mitochondrial à effe t anti-apoptose
Review—Two Different Multiple Photosynthetic Reaction Centers Using Either Zinc Porphyrinic Oligopeptide-Fulleropyrrolidine or Free-Base Porphyrinic Polypeptide-Li+@C60 Supramolecular Complexes (2020)

An overview of two successful examples of photosynthetic reaction center models combined with light-capturing antenna chromophores is presented. In the first example, supramolecular complexes are formed between flexible zinc porphyrinic oligopeptides and fulleropyrrolidine bearing either a pyridine or imidazole functionalized C 60 via a coordination bond plus π − π interactions. The excited energy migration occurs between porphyrin units followed by charge separation. The charge separation (CS) lifetimes of the supramolecular oligopeptide complexes have been elongated by increasing the generation of the porphyrins, enabling us to attain the longest lifetime (0.84 ms) for the P(ZnP) 8 -ImC 60 supramolecular system in PhCN solution at 298 K, ever reported for supramolecular complexes. In the second example, free-base porphyrin polypeptides (P(H 2 P) n ; n = 4 and 8) form supramolecular complexes with Li + @C 60 in PhCN, in which the binding is much stronger than C 60 . Efficient energy migration occurs between porphyrins in P(H 2 P) n . The triplet CS states derived from 3 Li+@C 60 had long lifetimes due to spin-forbidden back electron transfer. The triplet CS lifetime becomes longer upon increasing the number of H 2 P due to the charge migration among porphyrins. The present study provides valuable insight into the energy and electron transfer processes leading to long-lived charge separated states in artificial photosynthetic antenna-reaction center models.
Ionic conducting membranes based on new sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone)s for fuel cell applications (2017)

The synthesis and characterization of new di‐ and tetra‐sulfonated ether diketone monomers are described. From these monomers, a wide series of sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone)s (SPAEK) are synthesized by varying the sulfonic acid repartition along the polymer backbones. Their chemical structures are thoroughly characterized by NMR. From these polymers tough membranes are obtained from solution casting method and their water uptake, ionic conductivity, and water/gas permeation properties are determined and compared with those of Nafion membrane. Preliminary fuel cell tests show that SPAEK membranes are promising candidates for fuel cell application. This work brings new insights concerning the beneficial effects of introducing densely sulfonated monomers in a polyarylether macromolecular structure along with fluorinated groups improving conductivity while reducing unwanted excessive swelling. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017, 55, 771–777
Computational cellphone microscopy (2012)

Within the last few years, cellphone subscriptions have widely spread and now cover even the remotest parts of the planet. Adequate access to healthcare, however, is not widely available, especially in developing countries. We propose a new approach to converting cellphones into low-cost scientific devices for microscopy. Cellphone microscopes have the potential to revolutionize health-related screening and analysis for a variety of applications, including blood and water tests. Our optical system is more flexible than previously proposed mobile microscopes and allows for wide field of view panoramic imaging, the acquisition of parallax, and coded background illumination, which optically enhances the contrast of transparent and refractive specimens.
Behavior of aerosols undergoing brownian coagulation, brownian diffusion and gravitational settling in a closed chamber. (1976)

The behavior of aerosols undergoing Brownian coagulation, Brownian diffusion and gravitational settling in a closed chamber was studied by solving the basic equation, the so-called population balance equation, numerically for a polydisperse aerosol system and analytically for a monodisperse system, and then the results were examined by experiment. In solving the basic equation, two dimensionless parameters, which are determined by the initial properties of an aerosol and the chamber dimension and also characterize the relative effects of Brownian coagulation and Brownian diffusion to gravitational settling, were introduced in order to generalize the behavior under arbitrary conditions. The calculated results, the time-dependent changes in particle number concentration and particle size distribution for a polydisperse system, were presented graphically by using the above two parameters. And further using these parameters, the domains of the three controlling factors were mapped to show the extent of each effect of these factors under various conditions for a monodisperse system. Some of the calculated results were compared with the experimental results obtained by the ultramicroscopic size analysis previously developed by the authors.
Reducing the Data Switching Activity of Serialized Datastreams (2006)

On-chip serial link buses have been previously proposed as a strong solution to reduce the complexity and/or the energy dissipation of on-chip interconnect fabrics. However, it was noticed that serializing m-bits on a single interconnect (serial-link) increases the overall data switching activity. This paper presents a quantitative analysis of the switching activity of serial links, and provides closed form expressions for the average activity factors. Two transition encoding schemes, to reduce the activity factor of serial links, are discussed and analyzed. The impact of the encoding schemes on the MCF between neighboring interconnects is also discussed. The analysis shows that both of the schemes provide significant reduction in the average activity factor and energy dissipation reduction, but each in a different range of input activity factors. The two encoding bus schemes were modeled in a 70nm CMOS technology, and compared to an unencoded serial link bus and a parallel line bus. Simulation results show that the transition encoded bus schemes reduce the overall energy dissipation of the unencoded serial link bus by up to 96%