gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry in Comparison to 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing for Species Identification of Nonfermenting Bacteria (2008)

Nonfermenting bacteria are ubiquitous environmental opportunists that cause infections in humans, especially compromised patients. Due to their limited biochemical reactivity and different morphotypes, misidentification by classical phenotypic means occurs frequently. Therefore, we evaluated the use of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for species identification. By using 248 nonfermenting culture collection strains composed of 37 genera most relevant to human infections, a reference database was established for MALDI-TOF MS-based species identification according to the manufacturer's recommendations for microflex measurement and MALDI BioTyper software (Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Leipzig, Germany), i.e., by using a mass range of 2,000 to 20,000 Da and a new pattern-matching algorithm. To evaluate the database, 80 blind-coded clinical nonfermenting bacterial strains were analyzed. As a reference method for species designation, partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing was applied. By 16S rRNA gene sequencing, 57 of the 80 isolates produced a unique species identification (>or=99% sequence similarity); 11 further isolates gave ambiguous results at this threshold and were rated as identified to the genus level only. Ten isolates were identified to the genus level (>or=97% similarity); and two isolates had similarity values below this threshold, were counted as not identified, and were excluded from further analysis. MALDI-TOF MS identified 67 of the 78 isolates (85.9%) included, in agreement with the results of the reference method; 9 were misidentified and 2 were unidentified. The identities of 10 randomly selected strains were 100% correct when three different mass spectrometers and four different cultivation media were used. Thus, MALDI-TOF MS-based species identification of nonfermenting bacteria provided accurate and reproducible results within 10 min without any substantial costs for consumables.
DUAL MODE SWITCH USING WITCHABLE METAMATERIAL (2011)

This paper presents a THz dual mode sw a proper designed MEMS switchable m switch simultaneously controls the reflection optical resonant modes and thus switches th at two resonant frequencies. The switchable as ON state when its reflection intensity is OFF state if below. Furthermore, the switch mode output and single mode output is suppressing one resonance mode. The propo dual mode switch has merits as dual mod working on THz band which enable the pote in multi-signal control.
Evaluation of Liposome-Loaded Microbubbles as a Theranostic Tool in a Murine Collagen-Induced Arthritis Model (2022)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by severe inflammation of the synovial tissue. Here, we assess the feasibility of liposome-loaded microbubbles as theranostic agents in a murine arthritis model. First, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) was used to quantify neovascularization in this model since CEUS is well-established for RA diagnosis in humans. Next, the potential of liposome-loaded microbubbles and ultrasound (US) to selectively enhance liposome delivery to the synovium was evaluated with in vivo fluorescence imaging. This procedure is made very challenging by the presence of hard joints and by the limited lifetime of the microbubbles. The inflamed knee joints were exposed to therapeutic US after intravenous injection of liposome-loaded microbubbles. Loaded microbubbles were found to be quickly captured by the liver. This resulted in fast clearance of attached liposomes while free and long-circulating liposomes were able to accumulate over time in the inflamed joints. Our observations show that murine arthritis models are not well-suited for evaluating the potential of microbubble-mediated drug delivery in joints given: (i) restricted microbubble passage in murine synovial vasculature and (ii) limited control over the exact ultrasound conditions in situ given the much shorter length scale of the murine joints as compared to the therapeutic wavelength.
Understanding dynamics of polarization via multiagent social simulation (2023)

It is widely recognized that the Web contributes to user polarization, and such polarization affects not just politics but also peoples' stances about public health, such as vaccination. Understanding polarization in social networks is challenging because it depends not only on user attitudes but also their interactions and exposure to information. We adopt Social Judgment Theory to operationalize attitude shift and model user behavior based on empirical evidence from past studies. We design a social simulation to analyze how content sharing affects user satisfaction and polarization in a social network. We investigate the influence of varying tolerance in users and selectively exposing users to congenial views. We find that (1) higher user tolerance slows down polarization and leads to lower user satisfaction; (2) higher selective exposure leads to higher polarization and lower user reach; and (3) both higher tolerance and higher selective exposure lead to a more homophilic social network.
<title>Analysis of microlithography in an open-architecture TCAD system</title> (1994)

The paper offers the results of investigations of forming the submicron topological structures of the `contact window'-type by using only all-dry vacuum and plasmas technologies. Analysis is made of the relationship between lithographic and electric parameters of contact systems with micron-size features. A technological process of manufacturing a three-layer structure `metal-dielectric-metal' by using the LVPL is developed to study electric characteristic of systems with micron and submicron contact windows. Analysis is made of the 0.5 - 1.0 micrometers to 0.5 - 0.3 micrometers . To form masks, use was made of vacuum resist 0.4 to 0.7 micrometers films deposited onto 0.29 micrometers thick silicon oxide layers on a silicon substrate. The resist was subjected to exposure with simultaneous development on a LVPL apparatus. An average of laser radiation power, a pulse repetition rate, a degree of vacuum were maintained constant, while a dose was varied by changing the exposure at E equals 1 J/cm<SUP>2</SUP>. Next plasmochemical etching of Al or silicon oxide was performed through a vacuum resist-mask.
Analysis of sphingosine 1-phosphate by capillary electrophoresis coupled to laser-induced fluorescence detection: use of a transparent fused-silica capillary. (2007)

C18-sphingosine 1-phosphate (C18-SPP) is a sphingolipid with important functional and structural roles in cells. In this paper we report a new capillary electrophoresis technique that is coupled to a laser-induced fluorescence detection (CE-LIF) method to quantify the level of C18-SPP in biological samples. The method utilizes a commercial standard C17-sphingosine 1-phosphate (C17-SPP) derivatized with naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxaldehyde (NDA), a fluorogenic dye used to label primary amines. The detection limit for the C17-SPP NDA was 0.54 fmol. We quantified the C18-SPP in leukemic human cells before and after irradiation by gamma rays. We demonstrated that the amounts of this sphingolipid decreased after the irradiation. In a second part of this work, we used the technique to evaluate the ability of a novel transparent fused-silica capillary, which allows the use of fused-silica capillaries without burning a window. Solarization, homogeneity, and sensitivity were studied using this capillary. The results demonstrate that this new durable capillary can provide a sensitive and reproducible quantitation procedure for CE-LIF studies.
Wireless On-Chip Communications for Scalable In-memory Hyperdimensional Computing (2022)

Hyperdimensional computing (HDC) is an emerging computing paradigm that represents, manipulates, and communicates data using very long random vectors (aka hypervectors). Among different hardware platforms capable of executing HDC algorithms, in-memory computing (IMC) systems have been recently proved to be one of the most energy-efficient options, due to hypervector manipulations in the memory itself that reduces data movement. Although implementations of HDC on single IMC cores have been made, their parallelization is still unresolved due to the communication challenges that these novel architectures impose and that traditional Networks-on-Chip and Networks-in-Package were not designed for. To cope with this difficulty, we propose the use of wireless on-chip communication technology in unique ways. We are particularly interested in physically distributing a large number of IMC cores performing similarity search across a chip, and maintaining the classification accuracy when each of which is queried with a slightly different version of a bundled hypervector. To achieve it, we introduce a novel over-the-air computing that consists of defining different binary decision regions in the receivers so as to compute the logical majority operation (i.e., bundling, or superposition) required in HDC. It introduces moderate overheads of a single antenna and receiver per IMC core. By doing so, we achieve a joint broadcast distribution and computation with a performance and efficiency unattainable with wired interconnects, which in turn enables massive parallelization of the architecture. It is demonstrated that the proposed approach allows to both bundle at least three hypervectors and scale similarity search to 64 IMC cores seamlessly, while incurring an average bit error ratio of 0.01 without any impact in the accuracy of a generic HDC-based classifier working with 512-bit vectors.
Fast-atom-bombardment-tandem mass spectrometry studies of alkali-metal ions of small peptides (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFast-atom-bombardment-tandem mass spectrometry studies of alkali-metal ions of small peptidesLarry M. Mallis and David H. RussellCite this: Anal. Chem. 1986, 58, 6, 1076–1080Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1986https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00297a021RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views130Altmetric-Citations104LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (591 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Decommissioning of a Uranium Conversion Plant and a Low Level Radioactive Waste for a Long Term Disposal (2009)

A decommissioning project for a uranium conversion plant was conducted to restore it to a safe environmental condition and minimal low level radioactive wastes which were converted to stable chemical forms for a long term disposal. In the middle of 2004, a decommissioning program for a conversion plant, which was constructed in 1982, and treated about 300 tons of natural uranium until it was shut down in 1992, obtained its approval from the regulatory body. Actual dismantling and decontaminating activities have been performed since July 2004 and will be finished by December 2009. The decommissioning works were mainly divided into two parts: the inside of the building containing the process equipments; the lagoon sludge generated during the plant operation. The decommissioning of the inside of the building was carried out by dismantling the process equipment, which were firstly segmented and decontaminated by polishing and washing with steam and chemicals or melting, and then decontamination for the surfaces inside the building by excavating or grinding the concrete walls. The decontamination goals were below 0.2Bq/g for the metallic segments and below 0.4Bq/cm2 for the concrete walls. Decontamination methods were selected according to the degree of contamination and a minimization of the low level radioactive wastes was conducted throughout the decommissioning work. The lagoon sludge waste had two types, one was an various inorganic nitrate salt mixture containing a very low concentration of uranium, about 200∼300ppm, in Lagoon-II and the other was an inorganic nitrate salt mixture containing a few percent of uranium in Lagoon-I. To treat these sludge wastes a thermal decomposition facility was constructed and operated to produce stable sludge wastes containing uranium oxides which are stable in the air. The final sludge wastes after a thermal treating for the sludge waste of Lagoon-I could be reused. The final residual radioactivity for the inside of the building will be measured to confirm a complete decontamination of the uranium to back ground level and then the building will be considered for another use.
Imaging invasive fungal growth and inflammation in NADPH oxidase-deficient zebrafish (2019)

Abstract Neutrophils are primary cells of the innate immune system that generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mediate host defense. Deficient phagocyte NADPH oxidase (PHOX) function leads to chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) that is characterized by invasive infections including those by the generally non-pathogenic fungus Aspergillus nidulans . The role of neutrophil ROS in this specific host-pathogen interaction remains unclear. Here, we exploit the optical transparency of zebrafish to image the effects of neutrophil ROS on invasive fungal growth and neutrophil behavior in response to Aspergillus nidulans . In a wild-type host, A. nidulans germinates rapidly and elicits a robust inflammatory response with efficient fungal clearance. PHOX-deficient larvae have increased susceptibility to invasive A. nidulans infection despite robust neutrophil infiltration. Expression of p22 phox specifically in neutrophils does not affect fungal germination but instead limits the area of fungal growth and excessive neutrophil inflammation and is sufficient to restore host survival in p22 phox -deficient larvae. These findings suggest that neutrophil ROS limits invasive fungal growth and has immunomodulatory activities that contribute to the specific susceptibility of PHOX-deficient hosts to invasive A. nidulans infection.
AlGaN/GaN devices for future power switching systems (2006)

GaN/AlGaN device technologies are presented aiming at the applications to power switching systems. In order to reduce on-resistance (R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</sub> ), we developed SL (super lattice) capping and QA (quaternary alloy) over-layer techniques for GaN/AlGaN HFET. Further, we achieved almost the same mobility keeping the same 2DEG density for GaN/AlGaN hetero structure grown on Si (111) substrates, which will make the cost comparable to conventional Si one. The experimentally obtained R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</sub> A of the FET is 1.9 mOmegacm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , which is 14 times lower than that of Si ones. Additionally, a novel approach to realize enhancement-mode operation of GaN/AlGaN FET is examined over R-plane sapphire, where non-polar AlGaN/GaN heterostructure, free from polarization charge, can be grown
Highly efficient wideband parallel‐circuit class‐E/F 3 power amplifier's design methodology (2020)

This article proposes a simple method of designing a highly efficient wideband parallel‐circuit (PC) class‐E/F 3 power amplifiers (PAs). A combination of the double‐reactance compensation technique and fundamental as well as third‐harmonic series‐tuned resonators is used for the design of the PC class‐E/F 3 PA output matching network. The step‐by‐step design flow and corresponding equations to calculate each component's value are also presented. Based on this method, the simulated optimal impedances of the reactance compensation network present almost a constant over the desired band, which satisfies the requirement of the wideband performance. Measured results reveal that using a GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT), the fabricated PA demonstrates the measured drain efficiencies of 60.1–80.5%, as well as output powers of 36.0–40.9 dBm from 350 to 730 MHz (fractional bandwidth = 70.4%).
Fibre Optic Sensors for the Thermo-Mechanical Instrumentation of the ITER Magnets (2012)

ITER will be the world's largest experimental facility to demonstrate the scientific and technical feasibility of fusion power. Fusion is the process which powers the sun and the stars. When light atomic nuclei fuse together to form heavier ones, a large amount of energy is released. Fusion research aims at developing a prototype fusion power plant that is safe and reliable, environmentally responsible and economically viable, with abundant and widespread fuel resources. ITER is based on the “Tokamak” concept, in which the fusion fuel is contained in a doughnut-shaped vessel. The fuel— a mixture of deuterium and tritium, two isotopes of hydrogen—is heated to temperatures in excess of 100 million degrees, forming a hot gas “plasma”. The plasma is kept away from the walls by a strong magnetic field produced by superconducting coils surrounding the vessel and an electrical current driven in the plasma. The ITER superconducting coils and structures (Toroidal Field coils (TF), Central Solenoid (CS), Poloidal Field coils (PF), Correction Coils (CC) and Feeders), representing a total weight of approximately 10 000 tons, are submitted to gravitational and seismic forces, stresses induced by constrained thermal contractions during cool-down from 300 K to 4.5 K, and large Lorentz forces in the superconducting coils. The (strain, displacement, temperature) sensors used to monitor the thermo-mechanical behaviour of the structures have to operate under unique and very severe conditions (cryogenic temperatures, large magnetic fields, vacuum, high radiation doses and electro-magnetic noise). The near 1000 measuring points for thermo-mechanical data of the ITER magnet structures will rely for 80% on industry-developed optical, fibre-based sensors. These include sensors using the following technologies: Fabry-Perot, Fibre Bragg Grating, Distributed Raman Scattering and Laser Distance Meter. ITER requires thermo-mechanical diagnostic sensors that do not exist for its specifically harsh environment, and a consistent development effort had to be undertaken by industry in collaboration with research institutes. The sensors design philosophy, arguments for the choice of specific optical sensor technologies, and significant results of the qualification programs of prototypes are presented in this paper.
Peptide interactions with G-protein coupled receptors (2001)

Peptide recognition by G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) is reviewed with an emphasis on the indirect approach used to determine the receptor-bound conformation of peptide ligands. This approach was developed in response to the lack of detailed structural information available for these receptors. Recent advances in the structural determination of rhodopsin (the GPCR of the visual system) by crystallography have provided a scaffold for homology modeling of the inactive state of a wide variety of GPCRs that interact with peptide messages. Additionally, the ability to mutate GPCRs and assay compounds of similar chemical structure to test a common binding site on the receptor provides a firm experimental basis for structure-activity studies. Recognition motifs, common in other well-studied systems such as proteolytic enzymes and major histocompatibility class receptors (MHC) are reviewed briefly to provide a basis of comparison. Finally, the development of true peptidomimetics is contrasted with nonpeptide ligands, discovered through combinatorial chemistry. In many systems, the evidence suggests that the peptide ligands bind at the interface between the transmembrane segments and the extracellular loops, while nonpeptide antagonists bind within the transmembrane segments. Plausible models of GPCRs and the mechanism by which they activate G-proteins on binding peptides are beginning to emerge.
Influence of Age on Global and Regional Brain Stiffness in Young and Middle‐Aged Adults (2019)

1 Technical Efficacy Stage: 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:727-733.
Plasmonic metasurfaces for waveguiding and field enhancement (2009)

Abstract The explosive progress in nanoscience has led to uncovering and exploring numerous physical phenomena occurring at nanoscale, especially when metal nanostructures are involved so that optical fields and electronic oscillations can be resonantly coupled. The latter is the subject of (nano) plasmonics with implications extending from subwavelength waveguiding to localized field enhancements. In this review paper, we consider making use of various phenomena related to multiple scattering of surface plasmons (SPs) at periodically and randomly (nano) structured metal surfaces. After reviewing the SP waveguiding along channels in nanostructured areas exhibiting band‐gap and localization effects, SP‐driven field enhancement in random structures and plasmonic fractal drums is discussed in detail. SP manipulation and waveguiding using periodic nanostructures on the long‐wavelength side of the band gap is also considered.
An indenocarbazole-based host material for solution processable green phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes (2021)

We designed and synthesized a new host material with a highly soluble and thermally stable indenocarbazole derivative (7,7-dimethyl-5-phenyl-2-(9-phenyl-9<i>H</i>-carbazol-3-yl)-5,7-dihydro-indeno[2,1-<i>b</i>]carbazole) that can make green phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) in a solution process. In particular, these are used in a blue common layer structure in which green and red-emitting layers are formed by a solution process and blue common layers are thermally evaporated. The new host material possesses excellent hole transport capability and high triplet energy (T<sub>1</sub>). Mainly we designed the hole dominant material to keep the exciton forming area away from the hole transport layer (HTL) and emitting layer (EML) interface, an interfacial mixing area to improve device performance. As a result, the greatest lifetime of 1300 hours was achieved and a high current efficiency of up to 66.3 cd A<sup>-1</sup> was recorded when we used the optimized device structure of a 5 nm thick bipolar exciton blocking layer (B-EBL). It may be a good agreement of exciton confinement and reduced electron accumulation at the HTL and EML interface.