gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
nanolithography toolbox—Simplifying the design complexity of microfluidic chips (2020)

Microfluidic devices typically require complex shapes such as funnels, spirals, splitters, channels with different widths, or customized objects of arbitrary complexity with a smooth transition between these elements. Device layouts are generally designed by software developed for the design of integrated circuits or by general computer-aided design drawing tools. Both methods have their limitations, making these tasks time consuming. Here, a script-based, time-effective method to generate the layout of various microfluidic chips with complex geometries is presented. The present work uses the nanolithography toolbox (NT), a platform-independent software package, which employs parameterized fundamental blocks (cells) to create microscale and nanoscale structures. In order to demonstrate the functionality and efficiency of the NT, a few classical microfluidic devices were designed using the NT and then fabricated in glass/silicon using standard microfabrication techniques and in poly(dimethylsiloxane) using soft lithography as well as more complex techniques used for flow-through calorimetry. In addition, the functionality of a few of the fabricated devices was tested. The powerful method proposed allows the creation of microfluidic devices with complex layouts in an easy way, simplifying the design process and improving design efficiency. Thus, it holds great potential for broad applications in microfluidic device design.
Data-driven monitoring for cloud compute systems (2016)

The end-to-end monitoring of inter-dependent applications in the cloud is challenging. Difficulties arise from the complexity of computations and the highly distributed nature of the deployment. Due to the lack of a comprehensive observability solution, it is very difficult to apply autonomous mechanisms to ensure service guarantees in the cloud. To tackle the problem, we propose the method of data-driven monitoring, that provides a detailed, live view on how data is flowing through a possibly complex compute system. The method is based on the tracing of individual input events and the collection of resource usage metrics along the paths. By reconstructing causal and temporal relationships, we can detect degradations in performance, pinpoint root causes and apply corrective actions before end-to-end requirements are endangered. To demonstrate the potential of the concept, we created a prototype implementation in a big data compute platform, and also developed two automated optimization algorithms.
Agile Secure Software Development in a Large Software Development Organisation: Security Testing (2015)

Security testing is an important part of any (agile) secure software lifecyle. Still, security testing is often understood as an activity done by security testers in the time between end of development and offering the product to customers.Learning from traditional testing that the fixing of bugs is the more costly the later it is done in development, we believe that security testing should be integrated into the daily activities. To achieve this, we developed a security testing strategy, as part of SAP's security lifecycle which supports the specific needs of the various software models at SAP.In this presentation, we will briefly presents SAP's approach to an agile secure software process in general and, in particular, present SAP's Security Testing Strategy that enables developers to find security vulnerabilities early by applying a variety of different security testing methods and tools.
Practical Research on a New Type of Electric Field Sensor (2023)

Aiming at the problems of large size, limited measurement band range and high cost of traditional voltage transformers, this paper designs a new electric field sensor based on the D-dot principle, which is only the size of a coin and the volume is greatly reduced. The static response and frequency characteristics of the sensor are tested by the built sensor performance test platform, and the test results show that the sensor can produce good static response for different waveforms, and the measurement frequency range is between 10Hz-l0kHz and has good linearity, which can not only realize low-frequency measurement but also meet the requirements of high-frequency measurement. Furthermore, the sensor is placed under the simulated transmission line, and the experimental results show that the output law of the sensor is consistent with the simulation results under different spacing and different voltage levels, in line with the electromagnetic field distribution law. Finally, the cost is compared and analyzed, and the analysis shows that the sensor has a high cost performance, which shows that the sensor has broad practical application prospects.
Multielectron transfer and single-crystal x-ray structure of a trinuclear cyanide-bridged platinum-iron species (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMultielectron transfer and single-crystal x-ray structure of a trinuclear cyanide-bridged platinum-iron speciesMeisheng Zhou, Brian W. Pfennig, Jana Steiger, Donna Van Engen, and Andrew B. BocarslyCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1990, 29, 13, 2456–2460Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1990https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00338a014RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views421Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (629 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Addition of Diethylzinc to N‐Diphenylphosphinylimines Using Dendritic Chiral Ligands with Hydrocarbon Backbones. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Dose Optimization of H56:IC31 Vaccine for Tuberculosis-Endemic Populations. A Double-Blind, Placebo-controlled, Dose-Selection Trial (2018)

Two or three H56:IC31 vaccinations at the lowest dose induced durable antigen-specific CD4 T-cell responses with acceptable safety and tolerability profiles in M.tb-infected and M.tb-uninfected adults. Additional studies should validate applicability of vaccine doses and regimens to both QFT-positive and QFT-negative individuals. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01865487).
Significance of Ischemic Heart Disease in Patients With Heart Failure and Preserved, Midrange, and Reduced Ejection Fraction (2017)

HFmrEF resembled HFrEF rather than HFpEF with regard to both a higher prevalence of IHD and a greater risk of new IHD events. Established IHD was an important prognostic factor across all HF types.
Exposure to norepinephrine enhances Brachyspira pilosicoli growth, attraction to mucin and attachment to Caco-2 cells (2010)

Brachyspira pilosicoli is an anaerobic intestinal spirochaete that colonizes the large intestine of a variety of species of birds and mammals, including human beings. Colonization may result in a mild colitis and diarrhoea in a condition known as 'intestinal spirochaetosis'. The catecholamine norepinephrine (NE), which is known to influence the behaviour of many bacterial species, may be present in the colon. The purpose of the current study was to determine whether exposure of B. pilosicoli to NE would influence its in vitro behaviour in assays that may reflect in vivo colonization potential. B. pilosicoli strain 95/1000 was used in all the assays. Addition of NE at a concentration of 0.05&emsp14;mM to B. pilosicoli growing in anaerobic broth significantly increased spirochaete numbers after 4&emsp14;days incubation. The effect of higher concentrations of NE was not significant. Exposure to 0.05&emsp14;mM NE, but not to higher concentrations, also resulted in significantly more spirochaete cells entering capillary tubes containing 4 % porcine gastric mucin than occurred with untreated cultures. When NE was added to chemotaxis buffer in capillary tubes, significantly more spirochaetes were attracted to the buffer containing NE at 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0&emsp14;mM than to buffer containing 0.05&emsp14;mM NE, or when no NE was added. Exposure of B. pilosicoli cultures to 0.05&emsp14;mM NE prior to incubation with Caco-2 monolayers resulted in more attachment to the monolayer than occurred with non-exposed cultures. These results show that at higher concentrations, NE acts as a chemoattractant for B. pilosicoli, and at 0.05&emsp14;mM it increases the spirochaete's growth rate, attraction to mucin and rate of attachment to cultured enterocytes. These activities are likely to enhance the ability of B. pilosicoli to colonize, and may be induced by conditions that increase NE concentrations in the intestinal tract, such as the stresses associated with crowding.
Superposition of chirped fibre Bragg grating for third-order dispersion compensation over 32 WDM channels (2002)

Multiple superposition of fibre Bragg gratings was used to fabricate a dispersion compensator that operates over 32 WDM channels. The channel spacing is 100 GHz and the total operation bandwidth is 25 nm. The dispersion was adjusted on a per-channel basis allowing for a compensation up to the third order.
Optical imaging of medullary ventral respiratory network during eupnea and gasping In situ (2006)

In severe hypoxia, respiratory rhythm is shifted from an eupneic, ramp-like motor pattern to gasping characterized by a decrementing pattern of phrenic motor activity. However, it is not known whether hypoxia reconfigures the spatiotemporal organization of the central respiratory rhythm generator. Using the in situ arterially perfused juvenile rat preparation, we investigated whether the shift from eupnea to gasping was associated with a reconfiguration of the spatiotemporal pattern of respiratory neuronal activity in the ventral medullary respiratory network. Optical images of medullary respiratory network activity were obtained from male rats (4-6 weeks of age). Part of the medullary network was stained with a voltage-sensitive dye (di-2 ANEPEQ) centred both within, and adjacent to, the pre-Bötzinger complex (Pre-BötC). During eupnea, optical signals initially increased prior to the onset of phrenic activity and progressively intensified during the inspiratory phase peaking at the end of inspiration. During early expiration, fluorescence was also detected and slowly declined throughout this phase. In contrast, hypoxia shifted the respiratory motor pattern from eupnea to gasping and optical signals were restricted to inspiration only. Areas active during gasping showed fluorescence that was more intensive and covered a larger region of the rostral ventrolateral medulla compared to eupnea. Regions exhibiting peak inspiratory fluorescence did not coincide spatially during eupnea and gasping. Moreover, there was a recruitment of additional medullary regions during gasping that were not active during eupnea. These results provide novel evidence that the shift in respiratory motor pattern from eupnea to gasping appears to be associated with a reconfiguration of the central respiratory rhythm generator characterized by changes in its spatiotemporal organization.
Continual lifelong learning with neural networks: A review (2019)

Humans and animals have the ability to continually acquire, fine-tune, and transfer knowledge and skills throughout their lifespan. This ability, referred to as lifelong learning, is mediated by a rich set of neurocognitive mechanisms that together contribute to the development and specialization of our sensorimotor skills as well as to long-term memory consolidation and retrieval. Consequently, lifelong learning capabilities are crucial for computational learning systems and autonomous agents interacting in the real world and processing continuous streams of information. However, lifelong learning remains a long-standing challenge for machine learning and neural network models since the continual acquisition of incrementally available information from non-stationary data distributions generally leads to catastrophic forgetting or interference. This limitation represents a major drawback for state-of-the-art deep neural network models that typically learn representations from stationary batches of training data, thus without accounting for situations in which information becomes incrementally available over time. In this review, we critically summarize the main challenges linked to lifelong learning for artificial learning systems and compare existing neural network approaches that alleviate, to different extents, catastrophic forgetting. Although significant advances have been made in domain-specific learning with neural networks, extensive research efforts are required for the development of robust lifelong learning on autonomous agents and robots. We discuss well-established and emerging research motivated by lifelong learning factors in biological systems such as structural plasticity, memory replay, curriculum and transfer learning, intrinsic motivation, and multisensory integration.
The TURBO Diaries: Application-controlled Frequency Scaling Explained. (2014)

Most multi-core architectures nowadays support dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) to adapt their speed to the system's load and save energy. Some recent architectures additionally allow cores to operate at boosted speeds exceeding the nominal base frequency but within their thermal design power.

In this paper, we propose a general-purpose library that allows selective control of DVFS from user space to accelerate multi-threaded applications and expose the potential of heterogeneous frequencies. We analyze the performance and energy trade-offs using different DVFS configuration strategies on several benchmarks and real-world workloads. With the focus on performance, we compare the latency of traditional strategies that halt or busy-wait on contended locks and show the power implications of boosting of the lock owner. We propose new strategies that assign heterogeneous and possibly boosted frequencies while all cores remain fully operational. This allows us to leverage performance gains at the application level while all threads continuously execute at different speeds. We also derive a model to help developers decide on the optimal DVFS configuration strategy, e.g, for lock implementations. Our indepth analysis and experimental evaluation of current hardware provides insightful guidelines for the design of future hardware power management and its operating system interface.
A step towards understanding Joost IPTV (2008)

Recently, peer-to-peer (P2P) streaming applications have drawn attention to both users and research community. The P2P approach for IPTV has the appealing feature of providing TV-like quality content distribution service (for both on-demand and live TV), which has been attracting a large number of users from across the globe. However, there is very little understanding about their network architecture and resource consumption. This work aims at having an in-depth understanding of Joost, a video-on-demand P2P system for distributing TV content, created by Skype and Kazaa founders. Results show that Joost relies on UDP for content delivery with an asymmetric bandwidth consumption of until 750 Kbps (download) and 480 Kbps (upload). We also evaluated the Joost control plane, which is mainly based on TCP. Along with other P2P IPTV technologies, such systems could have a great impact on network bandwidth utilization, even more than P2P file transfer ones.
Filter-less Multi-Tone Coherent Orthogonal Detection for Multi-Channel Reception of Super-Channel/OFDM signals (2013)

Multi-tone coherent-matched detection is demonstrated for multi-channel reception of superchannel/OFDM signals without optical filters for channel selection. Assisted with MIMO equalization, interleaved 23x20Gb/s QPSK are orthogonally demultiplexed.
Low operating current and high-temperature operation of 650-nm AlGaInP high-power laser diodes with real refractive index guided self-aligned structure (1999)

Low operating current and high-temperature operation has been demonstrated in 650-nm AlGaInP high-power laser diodes with real refractive index guided self-aligned (RISA) structure. The RISA structure features an Al/sub 0.5/In/sub 0.5/P current blocking layer, which leads to small internal loss in the waveguide and substantially reduced operating carrier density. The resultant operating current for 50-mW continuous-wave at 70/spl deg/C is as low as 98 mA, which is almost a half of the lowest value ever reported.
Graph Based Skeleton Modeling for Human Activity Analysis (2019)

Understanding human activity based on sensor information is required in many applications and has been an active research area. With the advancement of depth sensors and tracking algorithms, systems for human motion activity analysis can be built by combining off-the-shelf motion tracking systems with application-dependent learning tools to extract higher semantic level information. Many of these motion tracking systems provide raw motion data registered to the skeletal joints in the human body. In this paper, we propose novel representations for human motion data using the skeleton-based graph structure along with techniques in graph signal processing. Methods for graph construction and their corresponding basis functions are discussed. The proposed representations can achieve comparable classification performance in action recognition tasks while additionally being more robust to noise and missing data.
Genetic and cellular sensitivity of Caenorhabditis elegans to the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin (2017)

ABSTRACT Cisplatin and derivatives are commonly used as chemotherapeutic agents. Although the cytotoxic action of cisplatin on cancer cells is very efficient, clinical oncologists need to deal with two major difficulties: (i) the onset of resistance to the drug, and (ii) the cytotoxic effect in patients. Here we use Caenorhabditis elegans to investigate factors influencing the response to cisplatin in multicellular organisms. In this hermaphroditic model organism, we observed that sperm failure is a major cause in cisplatin-induced infertility. RNA-seq data indicate that cisplatin triggers a systemic stress response in which DAF-16/FOXO and SKN-1/Nrf2, two conserved transcription factors, are key regulators. We determined that inhibition of the DNA-damage induced apoptotic pathway does not confer cisplatin protection to the animal. However, mutants for the pro-apoptotic BH3-only gene ced-13 are sensitive to cisplatin, suggesting a protective role of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Finally, we demonstrate that our system can also be used to identify mutations providing resistance to cisplatin and therefore potential biomarkers of innate cisplatin-refractory patients. We show that mutants for the redox regulator trxr-1 , ortholog of the mammalian Thioredoxin-Reductase-1 TrxR1, display cisplatin resistance and that such resistance relies on a single selenocysteine residue.
A Comb-Based Capacitive MEMS Microphone with High Signal-to-Noise Ratio: Modeling and Noise-Level Analysis (2017)

We present a physics-based system-level model for optimizing a novel comb-based capacitive MEMS microphone towards high signal-to-noise ratios. The model includes non-linear coupling effects between the electrodes as well as the physical dependencies on relevant design parameters, thus enabling predictive statements w.r.t. the device performance. It is calibrated and validated by finite element simulations and laser Doppler vibrometer measurements of first prototypes. Being formulated as a generalized Kirchhoffian network, it can be implemented in a standard circuit simulation tool. The predicted signal-to-noise ratio of this concept reaches up to 78 dB(A), which significantly exceeds state-of-the-art devices.
Gastrointestinal taste receptors: could tastants become drugs? (2020)

Although the initial goal - using tastants to treat metabolic disorders - has, by far, not been reached, numerous promising findings suggest that dietary interventions could be devised to support conventional therapies in the future.
Perfusion phantom: An efficient and reproducible method to simulate myocardial first‐pass perfusion measurements with cardiovascular magnetic resonance (2012)

The aim of this article is to describe a novel hardware perfusion phantom that simulates myocardial first-pass perfusion allowing comparisons between different MR techniques and validation of the results against a true gold standard. MR perfusion images were acquired at different myocardial perfusion rates and variable doses of gadolinium and cardiac output. The system proved to be sensitive to controlled variations of myocardial perfusion rate, contrast agent dose, and cardiac output. It produced distinct signal intensity curves for perfusion rates ranging from 1 to 10 mL/mL/min. Quantification of myocardial blood flow by signal deconvolution techniques provided accurate measurements of perfusion. The phantom also proved to be very reproducible between different sessions and different operators. This novel hardware perfusion phantom system allows reliable, reproducible, and efficient simulation of myocardial first-pass MR perfusion. Direct comparison between the results of image-based quantification and reference values of flow and myocardial perfusion will allow development and validation of accurate quantification methods.
Multi-bandgap High-efficiency Photovoltaics Enabled by Broadband Diffractive Optics (2013)

We describe a novel approach to improve efficiency of photovoltaics via a microstructured broadband diffractive optic that spectrally splits and concentrates incident sunlight onto multiple laterally separated solar cells of different bandgaps.
D-Erythronolactone as a C4 building unit. Part 2.1 A short and efficient synthesis of both enantiomers of epi-muricatacin, a diastereoisomer of the native acetogenin from Annona muricata (1997)

Both enantiomers of epi-muricatacin (+)- and (-)-2 have been prepared from 2,3-O-isopropylidene-D-erythrose 7. The enantiomers (+)- and (-)-2 are obtained in good yields and with high diastereoisomeric and enantiomeric purity. The aim of the synthesis is to obtain both enantiomers of the target molecule from one chiral precursor. This was made possible by the reaction sequence for the introduction of the two different side chains being exchangeable.
A Rectification Topology for High-Current Isolated DC-DC Converters (2007)

This paper presents a novel current tripler rectification (CTR) topology for secondary-side rectification in high-current low-voltage isolated dc-dc converters. Compared with the conventional center-tapped and current doubler rectifiers, the CTR topology has three filter inductors to share the output current, and thus higher current capability and better thermal management can be achieved. Theoretical analysis and experimental results verify that the proposed CTR is a good candidate for rectification topology in high-current dc-dc converters.