gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SUMO: Unbiased Estimation of Log Marginal Probability for Latent Variable Models (2020)

Standard variational lower bounds used to train latent variable models produce biased estimates of most quantities of interest. We introduce an unbiased estimator of the log marginal likelihood and its gradients for latent variable models based on randomized truncation of infinite series. If parameterized by an encoder-decoder architecture, the parameters of the encoder can be optimized to minimize its variance of this estimator. We show that models trained using our estimator give better test-set likelihoods than a standard importance-sampling based approach for the same average computational cost. This estimator also allows use of latent variable models for tasks where unbiased estimators, rather than marginal likelihood lower bounds, are preferred, such as minimizing reverse KL divergences and estimating score functions.
Platform Independent Data Transfer and Storage Exploration Illustrated on Parallel Cavity Detection Algorithm. (1999)

In embedded multi-media applications, power and memory size efficient solutions are needed within real-time constraints. Since a large part of the power, bus load and memory size in these systems is due to data storage and accesses, a methodology for optimizing these dominant costs is crucial. For parallel embedded systems, it is especially important to reduce the number of shared memory accesses (also for performance reasons), and to use the local memories of the processors as efficient as possible. We will show that an extensive Data Transfer and Storage Exploration (DTSE) stage has to be performed before the conventional task/data-level parallelization and ILP compilation stages in order to achieve efficient solutions in terms of power and memory size. We also show that this DTSE stage can be performed nearly independently from the target architecture. We will substantiate this claim on a cavity detection application for medical imaging.
The Statistics and Analysis of the Book Reading Volume in Guiyang University Library (2008)

Using the method of mathematical statistics,we carry out an analysis and statistics of the book reading volume in Guiyang University Library.In order to provide data and improve the library work we point out: decrease the copy books with lower utilization ratio and higher academic nature and increase their varieties;widely ask readers for advice and attain the theoretical need structure by means of statistics and analysis;provide readers with recent documents retrieval information with reference value through modern network technology.
An Integrated Approach Toward the Dynamic Analysis of High-Speed Spindles: Part I—System Model (1994)

Experimental evidence (Shin, 1992) has shown that the natural frequencies of high-speed spindles with angular contact ball bearings decrease with increasing rotational speed. A recent study (Wang et al., 1991) illustrated that this phenomenon is caused by stiffness change of the bearings. A simplified approximation was used in the past analysis to examine the bearing radial stiffness at high speeds. While the investigation explained the experimental observations in a qualitative sense, the analytical results so far are not sufficient to quantitatively describe the spindle behavior under high speed and load operations due to the assumptions and approximations made in the modeling process. This paper presents an integrated approach toward the modeling of flexible spindles with angular contact ball bearings from basic principles. The local dynamics of the bearings are coupled with the global shaft motion. The model derived includes both the longitudinal and transverse vibrations of the shaft interacting with the nonlinear bearings. The influences of shaft speed on the bearing stiffness matrix and the system frequencies are studied. It is shown that the spindle dynamic behavior can vary substantially as speed increases due to the bearing gyroscopic moment and centrifugal force. These effects have been ignored in most of the previous spindle models. This unique characteristic, which is critical to high-speed machinery, is rigorously studied for the first time. Lab tests are conducted to validate the model. The analytical predictions are quantitatively verified by the experimental results.
Direct Measurement of the Angular Dependence of the Single-Photon Ionization of Aligned N2 and CO2 (2008)

By combining a state-of-the-art high-harmonic ultrafast soft X-ray source with field-free dynamic alignment, we map the angular dependence of molecular photoionization yields for the first time for a nondissociative molecule. The observed modulation in ion yield as a function of molecular alignment is attributed to the molecular frame transition dipole moment of single-photon ionization to the X, A and B states of N2(+) and CO2(+). Our data show that the transition dipoles for single-photon ionization of N2 and CO2 at 43 eV have larger perpendicular components than parallel ones. A direct comparison with published theoretical partial wave ionization cross-sections confirms these experimental observations, which are the first results to allow such comparison with theory for bound cation states. The results provide the first step toward a novel method for measuring molecular frame transition dipole matrix elements.
Organometallic approach for platinum and palladium doping of tin and tin oxide nanoparticles: structural characterisation and gas sensor investigations (2006)

Platinum and palladium surface doped tin nanoparticles have been obtained by decomposition of [Pt2(dba)3] and [Pd(dba)2] organometallic precursors, respectively, in a colloidal suspension of tin/tin oxide core–shell nanoparticles of uniform size (≈13 nm), in anisole under 1 bar of carbon monoxide at room temperature. The particles can be isolated as pure solids and present effective doping ratios [Pt]/[Sn] and [Pd]/[Sn] of 2.5 and 3.1%, respectively. These nanomaterials have been characterized by means of transmission electron and high-resolution transmission electron microscopies (TEM and HRTEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (EXAFS and XANES). The TEM micrographs show spherical nanoparticles whose size and size distribution are essentially similar to those of the initial Sn/SnOx material. HRTEM, EDX, XPS and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) studies at the Pd and/or Sn-K edge show the conservation of the composite nature of the particles that consist of a tin(0) core covered with a layer of tin oxides on which the doping element is deposited under the form of crystalline metallic platelets of size near 2 nm. The thermal oxidation of these Pt- or Pd-doped tin materials yields nanoparticles of crystallized SnO2 covered with crystallites of Pt or Pd oxides, as demonstrated by XRD, XPS and XAS experiments, without coalescence or size change. In the oxidised Pd-doped material, EXAFS analysis combined with HRTEM, point towards the formation of two main Pd disordered oxide phases: a rather pure oxopalladate Pd3.5O4-type phase at the surface of the particle and a mixed Pd/Sn phase having a PdO structure-type at the interface Pd oxide/Sn oxide. The thermal oxidation process can be easily achieved onto the silicon platform of a micro-machined device after integration of the Pt- or Pd-doped Sn/SnOx colloidal suspension by drop deposition. The first electrical measurements indicate remarkable behaviours of the as-obtained microsensors when exposed to traces of carbon monoxide. In addition to the expected large increase of sensitivity of the doped relatively to the undoped sensitive layer measured in humid atmosphere, a surprising and unprecedented inversion of sensitivity from undoped to Pt- and Pd-doped sensors has been observed in dry atmosphere.
TAL effectors from Xanthomonas: design of a programmable DNA-binding specificity (2011)

Xanthomonas spp. are Gram-negative bacteria with powerful molecular weapons to attack their plant hosts. Key for pathogenicity of Xanthomonas is a type III secretion system that injects a cocktail of effector proteins into plant cells to function as potent virulence factors. TAL (transcription activator-like) effectors from Xanthomonas function as transcriptional activators of plant genes in the plant nucleus. They contain a central domain of tandem, near-identical 34 amino-acid repeats. Each repeat recognizes a single base pair in a contiguous DNA sequence and two adjacent hypervariable amino acids per repeat specify the base that is bound. This modular DNA-binding code allows a simple reprogramming of DNA-binding specificity, a feature with high potential for biotechnology. We developed a method called Golden TAL Technology that allows a flexible assembly of TAL proteins with a designed order of repeats.
Voltage-dependent modulation of Ca channel current in heart cells by Bay K8644. (1986)

We have investigated the voltage-dependent effects of the dihydropyridine Bay K8644 on Ca channel currents in calf Purkinje fibers and enzymatically dispersed rat ventricular myocytes. Bay K8644 increases the apparent rate of inactivation of these currents, measured during depolarizing voltage pulses, and shifts both channel activation and inactivation in the hyperpolarizing direction. Consequently, currents measured after hyperpolarizing conditioning pulses are larger in the presence of drug compared with control conditions, but are smaller than control if they are measured after positive conditioning pulses. Most of our experimental observations on macroscopic currents can be explained by a single drug-induced change in one rate constant of a simple kinetic model. The rate constant change is consistent with results obtained by others with single channel recordings.
Influence of the wave dispersion phenomenon on the flicker generated by a wave farm (2017)

International audience
The functional role and the clinical application of periostin in chronic rhinosinusitis (2023)

The position of periostin as a signature biomarker of type 2 CRS has been well established, enabling us to classify CRS patients by endotyping. Serum periostin is useful not only for endotyping CRS patients, but also for estimating disease severity, comorbidity, prognosis, and response to treatment, and in particular, predicting recurrence after surgery. However, it remains to be addressed how we apply serum periostin to using biologics for CRS patients. Further studies aimed at showing periostin to be a therapeutic target for CRS are awaited.
Identification of the ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose-6-epimerase (rfaD) and heptosyltransferase II (rfaF) biosynthesis genes from nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae 2019 (1997)

Haemophilus influenzae is an important human pathogen. The lipooligosaccharide (LOS) of H. influenzae has been implicated as a virulence determinant. To better understand the assembly of LOS in nontypeable H. influenzae (NtHi), we have cloned and characterized the rfaD and rfaF genes of NtHi 2019, which encode the ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose-6-epimerase and heptosyltransferase II enzymes, respectively. This cloning was accomplished by the complementation of Salmonella typhimurium lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis gene mutants. These deep rough mutants are novobiocin susceptible until complemented with the appropriate gene. In this manner, we are able to use novobiocin resistance to select for specific NtHi LOS inner core biosynthesis genes. Such a screening system yielded a plasmid with a 4.8-kb insert. This plasmid was able to complement both rfaD and rfaF mutants of S. typhimurium. The LPS of these complemented strains appeared identical to the wild-type Salmonella LPS. The genes encoding the rfaD and rfaF genes from NtHi 2019 were sequenced and found to be similar to the analogous genes from S. typhimurium and Escherichia coli. The rfaD gene encodes a polypeptide of 35 kDa and the rfaF encodes a protein of 39 kDa, as demonstrated by in vitro transcription-translation studies. Isogenic mutants which demonstrated truncated LOS consistent with inner core biosynthesis mutants were constructed in the NtHi strain 2019. Primer extension analysis demonstrated the presence of a strong promoter upstream of rfaD but suggested only a very weak promoter upstream of rfaF. Complementation studies, however, suggest that the rfaF gene does have an independent promoter. Mass spectrometric analysis shows that the LOS molecules expressed by H. influenzae rfaD and rfaF mutant strains have identical molecular masses. Additional studies verified that in the rfaD mutant strain, D-glycero-D-manno-heptose is added to the LOS molecule in place of the usual L-glycero-D-manno-heptose. Finally, the genetic organizations of the inner core biosynthesis genes of S. typhimurium, E. coli, and several strains of H. influenzae were examined, and substantial differences were uncovered.
Supplementary Table 5 from Evaluation and Clinical Analyses of Downstream Targets of the Akt Inhibitor GDC-0068 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;XLS file 37K, RPPA quantification of laser captured microscopy needle biopsies in patients from the 100mg cohort&lt;/p&gt;
Silicon photonic crystals: light emission, modulation and detection (2014)

Integration density, channel scalability, low switching energy and low insertion loss are the major prerequisites for on-chip WDM systems. A number of device geometries have already been demonstrated that fulfill these criteria, at least in part, but combining all of the requirements is still a difficult challenge. I will present our recent work on photonic crystal enhanced light sources, modulators and detectors for silicon photonics, that promise to give the ultimate in low energy and area consumption.
Les chroniques de Claudette (2018)

Claudette accompagnee de son petit frere Gaston et de son amie Marie combat de gros monstres durant les Warrior Games. Electre 2018
Optical wavelength filtering by diffraction from a surface relief: erratum (2003)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Ruslan Belikov and Olav Solgaard, "Optical wavelength filtering by diffraction from a surface relief: erratum," Opt. Lett. 28, 1055-1055 (2003) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Langmuir−Blodgett Films of a New Pyridinium−Dicyanomethanide Dye and Their Potential Optical Applications (1997)

We report on Langmuir−Blodgett (LB) characterization of 4-[5-(dicyanomethanidyl)thien-2-yl]-N-cetylpyridinium (C16H33−PDCNT). Surface pressure−area isotherms of monolayers were investigated at T = 291 K. LB films of Y- and Z-type were characterized by means of UV−vis and FTIR spectroscopies. The compound is photobleachable and undergoes a change in molecular structure in monolayer and in solution. The molecule strongly absorbs in the visible region due to a charge transfer band both in homogeneous solution and LB films. Depending upon dipping conditions, a sharp absorption band appears at about 422 nm that could be attributed to molecular aggregates, probably of H-type. Both the 422 nm band and the broad charge transfer band at longer wavelength are photobleachable, and the former could have potential applications for optical data storage. The molecule seems to possess a large second-order hyperpolarizability, and non-centrosymmetric Z-type LB films could have promising nonlinear optical properties.
Electrodeposition of Gold on Silicon Nucleation and Growth Phenomena (2006)

Gold electrodeposition on n-Si(100) surface was investigated by performing a detailed study on nucleation and growth. The effects of additives such as thallium, applied potential and current density, and bulk gold concentration were studied. With addition of thallium in the solution, enhancement and inhibition of the gold deposition were observed at low potential and high potential, respectively. The nucleation of gold on Si was found to depend on the Au concentration and applied potential as well as the addition. At low current densities increases the Au nuclei size and decreases the density by catalyzing the nuclei growth. At high current densities, an opposite effect was observed. An adsorbed thallium intermediate species is proposed to explain both the catalytic and suppressive effects.
Sensitivity studies for imaging a spherical object embedded in a spherically symmetric, two-layer turbid medium with photon-density waves (1996)

We present analytic expressions for the amplitude and phase of photon-density waves in strongly scattering, spherically symmetric, two-layer media containing a spherical object. This layered structure is a crude model of multilayered tissues whose absorption and scattering coefficients lie within a range reported in the literature for most tissue types. The embedded object simulates a pathology, such as a tumor. The normal-mode-series method is employed to solve the inhomogeneous Helmholtz equation in spherical coordinates, with suitable boundary conditions. By comparing the total field at points in the outer layer at a fixed distance from the origin when the object is present and when it is absent, we evaluate the potential sensitivity of an optical imaging system to inhomogeneities in absorption and scattering. For four types of background media with different absorption and scattering properties, we determine the modulation frequency that achieves an optimal compromise between signal-detection reliability and sensitivity to the presence of an object, the minimum detectable object radius, and the smallest detectable change in the absorption and scattering coefficients for a fixed object size. Our results indicate that (l) enhanced sensitivity to the object is achieved when the outer layer is more absorbing or scattering than the inner layer; (2) sensitivity to the object increases with the modulation frequency, except when the outer layer is the more absorbing; (3) amplitude measurements are proportionally more sensitive to a change in absorption, phase measurements are proportionally more sensitive to a change in scattering, and phase measurements exhibit a much greater capacity for distinguishing an absorption perturbation from a scattering perturbation.
Optogenetic Protein Cleavage in Zebrafish Embryos** (2022)

Abstract A wide array of optogenetic tools are available that allow for precise spatiotemporal control over cellular processes. These tools are particularly important to zebrafish researchers who take advantage of the embryo's transparency. However, photocleavable optogenetic proteins have not been utilized in zebrafish. We demonstrate successful optical control of protein cleavage in embryos using PhoCl, a photocleavable fluorescent protein. This optogenetic tool offers temporal and spatial control over protein cleavage events, which we demonstrate in light‐triggered protein translocation and light‐triggered apoptosis.
Results analysis and validation - D5.3 (2012)

Deliverable D5.3 del projecte OneFIT
Comment on “MEL‐type Pure‐Silica Zeolite Nanocrystals Prepared by an Evaporation‐Assisted Two‐Stage Synthesis Method as Ultra‐Low‐k Materials” (2010)

Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
False Error Study of On-line Soft Error Detection Mechanisms (2008)

With technology scaling, vulnerability to soft errors in random logic is increasing. There is a need for on-line error detection and protection for logic gates even at sea level. The error checker is the key element for an on-line detection mechanism. We compare three different checkers for error detection from the point of view of area, power and false error detection rates. We find that the double sampling checker (used in Razor), is the simplest and most area and power efficient, but suffers from very high false detection rates of 1.15 times the actual error rates. We also find that the alternate approaches of triple sampling and integrate and sample method (I&S) can be designed to have zero false detection rates, but at an increased area, power and implementation complexity. The triple sampling method has about 1.74 times the area and twice the power as compared to the Double Sampling method and also needs a complex clock generation scheme. The I&S method needs about 16% more power with 0.58 times the area as double sampling, but comes with more stringent implementation constraints as it requires detection of small voltage swings.
ViBO-VCSEL with integrated backside optics (2022)

Flip-chip VCSELs with backside emission revolutionize 3D sensing systems. Etching lenses directly into the GaAs substrate is the most compact way to integrate optics with the VCSEL. Various lens structures can be implemented enabling collimation as well as the uniform illumination of a defined field of view. Superior to separate optical elements the integrated optics avoids the need for individual alignment of laser die and optics and makes them an irremovable part of the chip, which is beneficial for long-term laser safety. The realization of both contacts on the epitaxy side enables flip-chip assembly without the need for wire bonds. This facilitates thermal management compared to top-emitting VCSELS and reduces system impedance. Individually addressable zones can be easily implemented, contacting is done via fine-pitch copper pillars. Backside emitting VCSELs can be designed for a large emission area thus enabling a very high active area of the array. This is especially useful for operating schemes with low duty-cycle enabling ultra-high pulse power output per chip area. VCSEL chips with integrated flood illumination optics for time-of-flight applications with narrow or broad field of view will be presented. Addressability of multiple zones on a chip can be implemented for enhanced illumination and sensing schemes. The ViBO technology platform allows for a wide variation of VCSEL chip properties and a significant miniaturization of illumination systems.
Molecular basis for bleomycin amplification: conformational and stereoelectronic effects in unfused amplifiers (1988)

Sixteen unfused heterobiaromatic and biphenyl compounds substituted with an amino side chain (protonated in water) have been tested for (i) binding with DNA and (ii) their effect on the digestion of the DNA double helix by a bleomycin-iron complex. Only the DNA intercalating molecules amplify the digestion of DNA. One 2,2'-bipyridine derivative tested is an inhibitor of the bleomycin reaction because it removes ferrous ion from the bleomycin complex. Polarity of the intercalating unfused biaromatic system is of primary importance for effective binding of the molecule with native DNA and, at the same time, for its amplification activity. The molecules that have the biaromatic system polarized extensively in the direction of the side cationic chain, so that the intercalating sites constitutes a positive part of the dipole, show strong binding with DNA and good amplification activity. For strong intercalative forces that determine the amplification activity, it is important that both the heteroaromatic subsystems of the molecule have positive ends of their dipoles positioned away from the side chain. This work provides general guidelines for synthesis of new highly effective bleomycin amplifiers.
Luminescence of Gold Nanorod-Quantum Dots Complexes (2019)

The photoluminescence of gold nanorod-quantum dots complexes was investigated in order to find optimal conditions for the luminescence enhancing. The number of quantum dots and polyelectrolyte layers on the gold nanorod surface in these complexes were considered as main factors in the enhancement.