gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Disordering of Hetero-Interface in (Cd, Zn) (S, Se) Strained Layer Superlattice Structure (1994)

We have investigated the phenomenon of layer disordering in CdZnSe/ZnSe strained layer superlattices by Ge-diffusion and have fabricated CdZnSe/ZnSe optical waveguides using the Ge-induced disordering. Lateral optical confinement in stripe geometry laser was confirmed by observing the near field distribution of guided wave. We also report the first confirmation of disordering of CdZnSe/ZnSe strained layer superlattices by ionimplantation and low temperature annealing. We confirmed that superlattice structure was disordered by Si ion implantation and subsequent annealing at 300°C.
Human endometriosis is associated with plasma cells and overexpression of B lymphocyte stimulator (2007)

Endometriosis affects 10-20% of women of reproductive age and is associated with pelvic pain and infertility, and its pathogenesis is not well understood. We used genomewide transcriptional profiling to characterize endometriosis and found that it exhibits a gene expression signature consistent with an underlying autoimmune mechanism. Endometriosis lesions are characterized by the presence of abundant plasma cells, many of which produce IgM, and macrophages that produce BLyS/BAFF/TNFSF13B, a member of the TNF superfamily implicated in other autoimmune diseases. B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) protein was found elevated in the serum of endometriosis patients. These observations suggest a model for the pathology of endometriosis where BLyS-responsive plasma cells interact with retrograde menstrual tissues to give rise to endometriosis lesions.
In Echtzeit: RFID-gestütztes Produktionsassistenzsystem (2013)

Moderne Produktionsnetzwerke nutzen vermehrt exakt aufeinander abgestimmte Prozesse, die durch geringe Zeit- und Bestandspuffer gekennzeichnet sind. Die Durchführung von geplanten Produktionssequenzen ist damit anfällig für kostspielige Störungen von Zulieferprozessen geworden. Assistenzsysteme können mit Hilfe von Echtzeit-Objektverfolgungsdaten derartige Störungen frühzeitig identifizieren und effektive Gegenmaßnahmen ausführen. Im Beitrag wird ein Produktionsassistenzsystem (PAS) auf Basis der Siemens MES-Lösung Simatic IT vorgestellt, welches im Rahmen des BMWi-Forschungsprojekts RAN (RFID-based Automotive Network) erarbeitet wurde. Die vorgestellten Arbeiten gewährleisten eine weitestgehend stabile Produktionsdurchführung in hoch effizienten aber volatilen Lieferketten.
cMyc/miR-125b-5p Signalling Determines Sensitivity to Bortezomib in Preclinical Model of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphomas (2013)

Successful/effective cancer therapy in low grade lymphoma is often hampered by cell resistance to anti-neoplastic agents. The crucial mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon are poorly understood. Overcoming resistance of tumor cells to anticancer agents, such as proteasome inhibitors, could improve their clinical efficacy. Using cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) as a model of the chemotherapy-resistant peripheral lymphoid malignancy, we demonstrated that resistance to proteasome inhibition involved a signaling between the oncogene cMyc and miR-125b-5p. Bortezomib repressed cMyc and simultaneously induced miR-125b-5p that exerted a cytoprotective effect through the downmodulation of MAD4. Overexpression of cMyc repressed miR-125b-5p transcription and sensitized lymphoma cells to bortezomib. The central role of miR-125b-5p was further confirmed in a mouse model of T-cell lymphoma, where xenotransplantation of human CTCL cells overexpressing miR-125b-5p resulted in enhanced tumor growth and a shorter median survival. Our findings describe a novel mechanism through which miR-125b-5p not only regulates tumor growth in vivo, but also increases cellular resistance to proteasome inhibitors via modulation of MAD4.
Static Recrystallization Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Heterogeneous Nanostructured Duplex Phase Stainless Steel (2019)

Static recrystallization (SRX) behavior and tensile property of a 92% cold-rolled duplex phase stainless steel were investigated. Lamellae structure, in which austenite (γ) and ferrite (α) phases were complicatedly stacked, was developed by heavy cold rolling. The lamellae gradually changed to equi-axed fine grains during annealing at 1023 K and fully SRXed after 1.44 × 104 s (4 h). Because of precipitation and its impediment of grain-boundary migration, grain coarsening was strongly suppressed even by prolonged annealing to 2.59 × 105 s (72 h). While volume fraction of γ phase was about 30% before annealing, it drastically increased up to 90%. The transformed phase from γ to α by heavy cold rolling re-transformed to stable equilibrium γ at 1023 K and occurrence of SRX. No softening took place even with the occurrence of SRX and exhibited quite high HV hardness of 5.9 GPa due to precipitation, which effectively suppressed grain growth. Tensile strength was barely changed before and after annealing and stayed about 1.5 GPa on average, while ductility rapidly decreased.
Dependence of grating profile on incident intensity during the formation of Type I-IR ultrafast fiber Bragg gratings (2006)

The spectral response of fiber Bragg gratings written with an ultrafast IR laser source is shown to be intensity dependent. This result suggests a different grating profile as a function of intensity.
Pre- and posthatch developmental changes in hypothalamic thyrotropin-releasing hormone and somatostatin concentrations and in circulating growth hormone and thyrotropin levels in the chicken (1998)

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and somatostatin (SRIH) concentrations were determined by RIA during both embryonic development and posthatch growth of the chicken. Both TRH and SRIH were already detectable in hypothalami of 14-day-old embryos (E14). Towards the end of incubation, hypothalamic TRH levels increased progressively, followed by a further increase in newly hatched fowl. SRIH concentrations remained stable from E14 to E17 and doubled between E17 and E18 to a concentration which was observed up to hatching. Plasma GH levels remained low during embryonic development, ending in a steep increase at hatching. Plasma TSH levels on the other hand decreased during the last week of the incubation. During growth, TRH concentrations further increased, whereas SRIH concentrations fell progressively towards those of adult animals. Plasma TSH levels increased threefold up to adulthood; the rise in plasma GH levels during growth was followed by a drop in adults. In conclusion, the present report shows that important changes occur in the hypothalamic TRH and SRIH concentration during both embryonic development and posthatch growth of the chicken. Since TRH and SRIH control GH and TSH release in the chicken, the hypothalamic data are compared with plasma GH and TSH fluctuations.
A dual inverter based supercapacitor direct integration scheme for wind energy conversion systems (2010)

This paper presents a new direct integration scheme for supercapacitors that are used to mitigate short term power fluctuations in wind power systems. The proposed scheme uses the popular dual inverter topology for grid connection as well as interfacing a supercapacitor bank. The dual inverter system is formed by cascading two 2-level inverters named as the “main inverter” and the “auxiliary inverter”. The main inverter is powered by the rectified output of a wind turbine coupled permanent magnet synchronous generator. The auxiliary inverter is directly connected to a super capacitor bank. This approach eliminates the need for an interfacing dc-dc converter for the supercapacitor bank and thus improves the overall efficiency. A detailed analysis on the effects of non-integer dynamically changing voltage ratio is presented. The concept of integrated boost rectifier is used to carry out the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) of the wind turbine generator. Another novel feature of this paper is the power reference adjuster which effectively manages capacitor charging and discharging at extreme conditions. Simulation results are presented to verify the efficacy of the proposed system in suppressing short term wind power fluctuations.
Human Organic Anion Transporter 4 Is a Renal Apical Organic Anion/Dicarboxylate Exchanger in the Proximal Tubules (2004)

Human organic anion transporter OAT4 is expressed in the kidney and placenta and mediates high-affinity transport of estrone-3-sulfate (E1S). Because a previous study demonstrated no trans-stimulatory effects by E1S, the mode of organic anion transport via OAT4 remains still unclear. In the present study, we examined the driving force of OAT4 using mouse proximal tubular cells stably expressing OAT4 (S2 OAT4). OAT4-mediated E1S uptake was inhibited by glutarate (GA) (IC50:1.25 mM) and [14C]GA uptake via S2 OAT4 was significantly trans-stimulated by unlabeled GA (5 mM) (P<0.001). [3H]E1S uptake via S2 OAT4 was significantly trans-stimulated by preloaded GA (P<0.001) and its [14C]GA efflux was significantly trans-stimulated by unlabeled E1S in the medium (P<0.05). In addition, both the uptake and efflux of [14C]p-aminohippuric acid (PAH) and [14C]GA via S2 OAT4 were significantly trans-stimulated by unlabeled GA or PAH. The immunoreactivities of OAT4 were observed in the apical membrane of proximal tubules along with those of basolateral organic anion/dicarboxylate exchangers such as hOAT1 and hOAT3 in the same tubular population. These results indicate that OAT4 is an apical organic anion/dicarboxylate exchanger and mainly functions as an apical pathway for the reabsorption of some organic anions in renal proximal tubules driven by an outwardly directed dicarboxylate gradient.
Long-haul WDM transmission of PDM-8PSK and PDM-8QAM with nonlinear DSP (2012)

The performance improvement with digital backpropagation using PDM-8PSK and PDM-8QAM formats was experimentally assessed for 7×112Gbit/s. Transmission reach was extended by ~20% compared to 15% for an equivalent PDM-QPSK system.
Fluorescence diffuse optical tomographic (fDOT) system for small animal studies (2007)

This paper presents a new fluorescence diffuse optical tomographic (fDOT) system and its associated reconstruction method. It is able to reconstruct the fluorescence yield even in heterogeneous and highly attenuating regions. Furthermore our reconstruction method makes mouse inspection without immersion in optical index matching liquid (Intralipid and ink) possible. Some phantom experiments have been carried out to characterize this new fDOT system and to validate its use for heterogeneous media. A mice study consisting in the follow up of the lungs at different stages of tumor development is then related. These results validate the use of our system for biological studies of small animals.
Clifford-group-restricted eavesdroppers in quantum key distribution (2020)

Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises provably secure cryptography, even to attacks from an all-powerful adversary. However, with quantum computing development lagging behind QKD, the assumption that there exists an adversary equipped with a universal fault-tolerant quantum computer is unrealistic for at least the near-future. Here, we explore the effect of restricting the eavesdropper's computational capabilities on the security of QKD and find that improved secret key rates are possible. Specifically, we show that for a large class of discrete variable protocols higher key rates are possible if the eavesdropper is restricted to a unitary operation from the Clifford group. Further, we consider Clifford-random channels consisting of mixtures of Clifford gates. We numerically calculate a secret-key-rate lower bound for BB84 with this restriction and show that, in contrast to the case of a single restricted unitary attack, the mixture of Clifford-based unitary attacks does not result in an improved key rate.
Effect of Mg-Al insertion on magnetotransport properties in epitaxial Fe/sputter-deposited MgAl2O4/Fe(001) magnetic tunnel junctions (2016)

We investigated the effect of an Mg-Al layer insertion at the bottom interface of epitaxial Fe/MgAl2O4/Fe(001) magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) on their spin-dependent transport properties. The tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) ratio and differential conductance spectra for the parallel magnetic configuration exhibited clear dependence on the inserted Mg-Al thickness. A slight Mg-Al insertion (thickness &amp;lt; 0.1 nm) was effective for obtaining a large TMR ratio above 200% at room temperature and observing a distinct local minimum structure in conductance spectra. In contrast, thicker Mg-Al (&amp;gt; 0.2 nm) induced a reduction of TMR ratios and featureless conductance spectra, indicating a degradation of the bottom-Fe/MgAl2O4 interface. Therefore, a minimal Mg-Al insertion was found to be effective to maximize the TMR ratio for a sputtered MgAl2O4-based MTJ.
Reversible structural change and thermodynamic properties of hydrogen in thin vanadium films (2007)

The absorption of H in $50\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$ $\mathrm{V}(001)$ films under pressures of $1--{10}^{4}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{Pa}$ ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ and at temperatures between 310 and $530\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ was studied using in situ combined x-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrical resistivity measurements. The H-induced XRD peak shifts clearly indicate a fully reversible and nondeteriorating first-order phase transformation for the film. The H-induced residual resistivity changes in the V film demonstrate several extreme points (maxima and minima) apparently associated with some special points on the pressure isotherms of the film both below and above the critical temperature $({T}_{c}=460\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}20\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K})$. Correlating these extreme points with the known V(bulk)-H phase diagram indicates that, in addition to the first-order transformation, two additional reversible second-order transitions exist in the film. The enthalpy and entropy of this transformation, obtained from the temperature dependence of the plateau pressures, are $\ensuremath{-}39\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kJ}∕\mathrm{mol}\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{K}$, and $\ensuremath{-}60\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{J}∕\mathrm{mol}$, respectively. The thermodynamic constants and the lattice parameters of the phases for the first-order transformation in the film closely correspond to the $\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\beta}$ phase transformation in bulk V.
Real-Time Experiments On Channel Adaptive Transmission In The Multi-User Up-Link At Very High Data Rates Using Mimo-Ofdm (2006)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Florence, Italy, 2006
APPD: Adaptive and Precise Pupil Boundary Detection using Entropy of Contour Gradients (2017)

Eye tracking spreads through a vast area of applications from ophthalmology, assistive technologies to gaming and virtual reality. Precisely detecting the pupil's contour and center is the very first step in many of these tasks, hence needs to be performed accurately. Although detection of pupil is a simple problem when it is entirely visible; occlusions and oblique view angles complicate the solution. In this study, we propose APPD, an adaptive and precise pupil boundary detection method that is able to infer whether entire pupil is in clearly visible by a heuristic that estimates the shape of a contour in a computationally efficient way. Thus, a faster detection is performed with the assumption of no occlusions. If the heuristic fails, a more comprehensive search among extracted image features is executed to maintain accuracy. Furthermore, the algorithm can find out if there is no pupil as an helpful information for many applications. We provide a dataset containing 3904 high resolution eye images collected from 12 subjects and perform an extensive set of experiments to obtain quantitative results in terms of accuracy, localization and timing. The proposed method outperforms three other state of the art algorithms and has an average execution time $\sim$5 ms in single-thread on a standard laptop computer for 720p images.
Cover Image, Volume 32, Issue 9 (2019)

The cover image is based on the RESEARCH ARTICLE Quantification of hydroxyl exchange of D-Glucose at physiological conditions for optimization of glucoCEST MRI at 3, 7 and 9.4 Tesla by Moritz Zaiss et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/nbm.4113.
THE HIGH PREVALENCE OF HYPERURICAEMIA IN A POLYNESIAN POPULATION (1980)

Abstract The overall prevalence of hyperuricaemia (raised serum uric acid) in the isolated Polynesian population of Funafuti, aged 20 years and over, was found to be 34.1 percent. The prevalence for males was 32.3 percent and for females 35.7 percent. Despite this high prevalence of hyperuricaemia, no cases of gout were identified. Although hyperuricaemia is not uncommon in Polynesian populations, and probably genetic in origin, the absence of gout is unusual and supports the theory that certain environmental influences in the “modern” way of life are necessary precipitating factors of arthritis in those with hyperuricaemia.
All-fiber CW Raman continuum light source for ultrahigh resolution optical coherence tomography (2005)

High performance, short coherence length light sources with broad bandwidths and high output powers are critical for high speed, ultrahigh resolution OCT imaging. We demonstrate an all-fiber continuous-wave Raman light source based on a photonic crystal fiber, pumped by a continuous-wave Yb-fiber laser, which generates 330 mW output power and 140 nm bandwidths. The light source is compact, robust, turnkey and requires no optical alignment. In vivo high speed, ultrahigh resolution OCT imaging of tissues with < 5 &#956;m axial resolution at 1.3 &#956;m center wavelength is demonstrated.
The influences of parasitic capacitances on the effectiveness of anti-phase technique for common mode noise suppression (2005)

The properties of a novel boost converter with auxiliary anti-phase winding approach are discussed in this paper. A simplified equivalent circuit is used to analyze its performance and to show the influences of the parasitic winding capacitance, and the stray capacitances of the switching waveform nodes into the earth plane. Simulation of a simple converter model with PCB layout is performed, by means of MathCad. The experimental results are used to validate the concept.
Object-Distribution Analysis: Technique for Parallel Loop Distribution of Object-Oriented Programs (2005)

The next generation of embedded systems confronts the designer with multi-processor systems both for performance and energy reasons. Exploiting task-level parallelism in combination with coarse-grained loop-level parallelism is becoming crucial. The challenge is to build compiler tools for the exploration of these types of parallelism. To achieve this goal, the authors have designed a transformation framework for analysis and extraction of the potential parallelism in sequential object-oriented programs. An inter-procedural, context- and flow-sensitive algorithm was presented for distribution of complex outer-most loops of sequential object-oriented programs. The technique consists of three main phases: compositional inter-procedural object-distribution analysis, context-sensitive mapping of object-distribution graph with translation of program attributes and graph partitioning using multi-level partitioning algorithm. Integration of these algorithms allows us to define a number of potential loop decompositions with respect to program flow and object-distribution properties. Full automation of this technique further extends its applicability in the definition of optimized task boundaries. The usability and performance of the approach was demonstrated on a number of realistic Java applications.
Spatial consistency for multiple source direction-of-arrival estimation and source counting (2019)

A conventional approach to wideband multi-source (MS) direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation is to perform single source (SS) DOA estimation in time-frequency (TF) bins for which a SS assumption is valid. The typical SS-validity confidence metrics analyse the validity of the SS assumption over a fixed-size TF region local to the TF bin. The performance of such methods degrades as the number of simultaneously active sources increases due to the associated decrease in the size of the TF regions where the SS assumption is valid. A SS-validity confidence metric is proposed that exploits a dynamic MS assumption over relatively larger TF regions. The proposed metric first clusters the initial DOA estimates (one per TF bin) and then uses the members' spatial consistency as well as its cluster's spread to weight each TF bin. Distance-based and density-based clustering are employed as two alternative approaches for clustering DOAs. A noise-robust density-based clustering is also used in an evolutionary framework to propose a method for source counting and source direction estimation. The evaluation results based on simulations and also with real recordings show that the proposed weighting strategy significantly improves the accuracy of source counting and MS DOA estimation compared to the state-of-the-art.
Single genome amplification and direct amplicon sequencing of Plasmodium spp. DNA from ape fecal specimens (2010)

Conventional PCR followed by molecular cloning and sequencing of ampli ed products is commonly used to test clinical specimens for target sequences of interest, such as viral, bacterial or parasite nucleic acids. However, this approach has serious limitations when used to analyze mixtures of genetically divergent templates [1] This is because Taq polymerase is prone to switch templates during the ampli cation process, thereby generating recombinants that do not exist in vivo 4 . When amplicons are cloned prior to sequence analysis, the resulting sequences may also contain a substantial number of Taqinduced substitutions [1] Finally, cloning of amplicons can lead to a non-proportional representation of sequences due to the re-sampling of only certain templates [1] These confounders can be avoided by using single genome ampli cation \(SGA) followed by direct sequencing of SGA amplicons 1-5 . While SGA is not required for many research applications, we have shown it to be essential for deciphering the diversi cation pathways of human and simian immunode ciency viruses \(HIV/SIV) in acute and chronic infection infections in wild-living apes 9 . Here, we describe SGA-direct amplicon sequencing of Plasmodium spp. DNA from ape fecal samples.
Three-phase buck-boost Y-inverter with wide DC input voltage range (2018)

Driven by the needs of the continuously growing fuel-cell industry, a promising three-phase inverter topology, the Y-inverter, is proposed, which comprises three identical buck-boost DC/DC converter modules connected to a common star point. Each module constitutes a phase-leg and can be operated in similar fashion to conventional DC/DC converters, independent of the remaining two phases. Therefore, a straightforward and simple operation is possible. In addition, the Y-inverter allows for continuous output AC voltage waveforms, eliminating the need of additional AC-side filtering. Due to the buck-boost nature of each phase leg, the AC voltages can be higher or lower than the DC input voltage. This is an essential feature for fuel-cell applications, which suffer from a wide DC input voltage range. This paper details the operating principle of the Y-inverter, outlines the control system design and verifies its functionality by means of simulation results. The Y-inverter performance in terms of efficiency η and power density ρ is briefly analyzed by means of a multi-objective optimization and a converter design is selected which is compared to a benchmark system realized with a conventional inverter solution.
Supplementary Methods from A Human Single-Domain Antibody Elicits Potent Antitumor Activity by Targeting an Epitope in Mesothelin Close to the Cancer Cell Surface (2023)

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