gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Applications of silicon micromachining to resonator fabrication (2002)

This paper surveys recent developments in using silicon micromachining processes to fabricate micromechanical resonant structures for sensors, filters, and oscillators. Single-crystal silicon and polycrystalline silicon are excellent mechanical materials with quality factors approaching those of quartz. By etching sacrificial layers from a sandwich of thin films, microstructures can be surface micromachined from a deposited polycrystalline silicon (polysilicon) him. This technology can be applied to fabricate micromachined vacuum encapsulation for the resonant structure, as well. Surface micromachining has been merged with CMOS processes to enable fabrication of integrated micro electromechanical systems (MEMS) on a single silicon chip. An alternative process fabricates crystalline silicon resonators by means of wafer bonding and etch-back. These microstructures can be over 10 /spl mu/m thick-much thicker than surface-micromachined polysilicon structures. Integration with this technology is feasible by processing CMOS electronics on wafers containing sealed cavity microstructures, with the microresonators defined at the end by reactive-ion etching. Trimming silicon microresonators is possible using micromechanical fusing and welding structures, or by electrical tuning.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Multi-spectral Morphology Scanning for Margin Detection in Breast Surgery (2012)

A scanning full-spectrum imaging system was used to image and analyze the spectral morphology of resected breast cancer specimens, to evaluate the optimum parameters from which to diagnose involvement of cancer in the margins. Article not available.
Electronic Conduction Mechanism in Atom Switch Using Polymer Solid Electrolyte (2012)

Low-temperature characterization of electrical transport on atom switches has been performed to clarify operation and conducting mechanisms. The low resistive (ON) state (<; 400 Ω) shows metallic conduction accompanied with a high residual resistance. In the high resistive (OFF) state(>;10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sup> ), the resistance exponentially increases with decreasing temperature due to Poole-Frenkel conduction. In the intermediate range (10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> - 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> Ω), the resistance has small temperature dependence since the electron tunneling via Cu residues in a solid electrolyte is dominant. The polymer solid electrolyte enables the complete collection of the Cu residues without degrading the electrolyte, resulting in forming-free operation and a high on/off conductance ratio.
Maternal vitamin D deficiency causes smaller muscle fibers and altered transcript levels of genes involved in protein degradation, myogenesis, and cytoskeleton organization in the newborn rat (2013)

Maternal vitamin D deficiency has a major impact on morphology and gene expression profile of skeletal muscle in newborns.
Functional Applications of Ordered Nanostructures of Anodic Porous Alumina (2014)

の作製に広く用いられている。 このほか，スルーホール化したポーラスアルミナをマスク として用いることで様々な機能表面の形成が可能となる 9) ,10) 。 スルーホールを有するポーラスアルミナを基板上に設置し， 真空蒸着，あるいは，ドライエッチングを施すことで金属や 半導体のナノドットアレイの形成や基板のナノ加工を行うこ とができる (図 1) 。ポーラスアルミナマスクにもとづく基板 のナノ加工の例として Au 基板上に形成したセルフアッセン ブル膜の選択エッチングプロセスを示す (図 2) 11) 。Au 基板 上に末端チオール基を介してセルフアッセンブル膜を固定し 陽極酸化ポーラスアルミナの機能化に関する新展開
<title>Least-squares model-based video halftoning</title> (1994)

A technique for halftoning video sequences is presented. First, an error metric is designed, incorporating psychophysical spatio-temporal contrast sensitivity data for the human visual system. An efficient strategy for producing halftone sequences that minimize the error is then developed. The technique is compared with video halftoning algorithms that do not consider the temporal aspect of the human visual system.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Thermoacidophilic Crenarchaeon Thermoproteus uzoniensis 768-20 (2011)

Thermoproteus uzoniensis 768-20 is a thermoacidophilic anaerobic crenarchaeon isolated from a solfataric field in Kamchatka, Russia. The complete genome sequence reveals genes for protein and carbohydrate-active enzymes, beta-oxidation of fatty acids, the Embden-Meyerhof and Entner-Doudoroff pathways for glucose metabolism, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, the dicarboxylate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle, hydrogenase, and sulfur reductase.
Inside Cover: Induced‐Fit Binding of the Macrocyclic Noncovalent Inhibitor TMC435 to its HCV NS3/NS4A Protease Target (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 9/2010) (2010)

The anti-HCV activity of TMC435, currently in phase 2b clinical studies as an HCV therapeutic (HCV=hepatitis C virus), is based on inhibition of the NS3/4A protease of the virus. As M. D. Cummings and co-workers describe in their Communication on page 1652 ff., binding of TMC435 to the target enzyme involves an induced fit, leading to occupancy of an extended S2 subsite. The authors thank J. M. Berke, E. Fransen, and L. Geeraert for assisting with the graphics.
Neoplasmata van de longen, de pleura en het mediastinum (2007)

In de eerste helft van de vorige eeuw was longkanker nog een zeldzame ziekte. Thans is het de meest voorkomende oncologische doodsoorzaak bij mannen in Nederland. Het aantal vrouwen met deze diagnose neemt de laatste jaren nog steeds toe.
3-D integrated organ printing for ear reconstruction (2015)

Kengla, Carlos; Kang, Hyun Wook PhD; Jackson, John D. PHD; Lee, Sang Jin; Yoo, James MD, PhD; Atala, Anthony MD, FACS Author Information
Low NOx, Lean Direct Wall Injection Combustor Concept Developed (2003)

The low-emissions combustor development at the NASA Glenn Research Center is directed toward advanced high-pressure aircraft gas turbine applications. The emphasis of this research is to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx) at high-power conditions and to maintain carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons at their current low levels at low-power conditions. Low-NOx combustors can be classified into rich burn and lean burn concepts. Lean burn combustors can be further classified into lean-premixed-prevaporized (LPP) and lean direct injection (LDI) combustors. In both concepts, all the combustor air, except for liner cooling flow, enters through the combustor dome so that the combustion occurs at the lowest possible flame temperature. The LPP concept has been shown to have the lowest NOx emissions, but for advanced high-pressure-ratio engines, the possibly of autoignition or flashback precludes its use. LDI differs from LPP in that the fuel is injected directly into the flame zone and, thus, does not have the potential for autoignition or flashback and should have greater stability. However, since it is not premixed and prevaporized, the key is good atomization and mixing of the fuel quickly and uniformly so that flame temperatures are low and NOx formation levels are comparable to those of LPP.
Chronic Hypoxia Induces Exaggerated Growth Responses in Pulmonary Artery Adventitial Fibroblasts: Potential Contribution of Specific Protein Kinase C Isozymes (2000)

Enhanced proliferation of adventitial fibroblasts is a major contributor to the structural remodeling of the pulmonary artery (PA) that occurs during hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. The mechanisms responsible for the exuberant growth of fibroblasts are unknown; however, protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes have previously been shown to be important in the enhanced growth properties of immature PA fibroblasts. We tested the hypotheses that PA adventitial fibroblasts from neonatal calves exposed chronically to hypoxia after birth would express augmented growth responses compared with fibroblasts from the control adventitia and that these properties would be associated with selective changes in expression of PKC isozymes. We studied the effects of serum, purified mitogens, and hypoxia on the growth of aggregate populations of fibroblasts isolated from the PA of neonatal control calves (Neo-C) and calves chronically exposed to hypoxia for 2 wk beginning on Day 1 of life (Neo-Hyp). Neo-Hyp fibroblasts demonstrated higher proliferative capabilities than did Neo-C cells in response to all the stimuli tested. Importantly, hypoxia was found to act synergistically with peptide mitogens (platelet-derived growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-I) to stimulate growth in Neo-Hyp but not in Neo-C cells. Using PKC-isozyme nonselective and selective inhibitors and immunoblot analysis, we found differences in utilization of PKC isozymes in Neo-Hyp and Neo-C fibroblasts and have identified PKC-betaI and -zeta as key contributors to the augmented growth of Neo-Hyp fibroblasts. Although the activity of PKC-betaI and -zeta isozymes was increased by hypoxia in serum-deprived Neo-C and Neo-Hyp fibroblasts, under normoxia, quiescent Neo-Hyp fibroblasts had higher PKC-zeta-specific activity than did Neo-C cells. These results suggest that neonatal PA adventitial fibroblasts acquire new growth properties in the setting of hypoxia- induced pulmonary hypertension and that the augmented proliferative characteristics of the Neo-Hyp fibroblasts might be associated with changes in specifc PKC isozyme expression and activation patterns.
A point-of-need platform for rapid measurement of a host-protein score that differentiates bacterial from viral infection: Analytical evaluation (2022)

The objective was to evaluate the analytical performance of a new point-of-need platform for rapid and accurate measurement of a host-protein score that differentiates between bacterial and viral infection. The system comprises a dedicated test cartridge (MeMed BV®) and an analyzer (MeMed Key®). In each run, three host proteins (TRAIL, IP-10 and CRP) are measured quantitatively and a combinational score (0-100) computed that indicates the likelihood of Bacterial versus Viral infection (BV score). Serum samples collected from patients with acute infection representing viral (0 ≤ score < 35), equivocal (35 ≤ score ≤ 65), or bacterial (65 < score ≤ 100) scores based on pre-defined score cutoffs were employed for the analytical evaluation studies as well as samples from healthy individuals. To assess reproducibility, triplicate runs were conducted at 3 different sites, on 2 analyzers per site over 5 non-consecutive days. Lower limit of quantitation (LLoQ) and analytical measurement range were established utilizing recombinant proteins. Sample stability was evaluated using patient samples representative of BV score range (0-100). MeMed Key® and MeMed BV® passed the acceptance criteria for each study. In the reproducibility study, TRAIL, IP-10 and CRP measurements ranged with coefficient of variation from 9.7 to 12.7%, 4.6 to 6.2% and 5.0 to 11.6%, respectively. LLoQ concentrations were established as 15 pg/mL, 100 pg/mL and 1 mg/L for TRAIL, IP-10 and CRP, respectively. In summary, the analytical performance reported here, along with diagnostic accuracy established in the Apollo clinical validation study (NCT04690569), supports that MeMed BV® run on MeMed Key® can serve as a tool to assist clinicians in differentiating between bacterial and viral infection.
Supplementary Table 1 from A <i>Survivin</i> Gene Signature Predicts Aggressive Tumor Behavior (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from A &lt;i&gt;Survivin&lt;/i&gt; Gene Signature Predicts Aggressive Tumor Behavior
Adaptive Correction of Phase-Distorted Extended Source Images: Experimental Results (1996)

We demonstrate a new type of adaptive imaging system capable of improving the quality of phase-distorted images of extended objects. The operational algorithm was based on optimization of the spectral image quality criteria suggested in [1]. For adaptive control of the nine-electrode semi-passive bimorph mirror we used gradient optimization algorithms. To introduce slowly varying large scale phase distortions into the imaging system a second deformable mirror with computer control was used. Small scale phase distortions were created using the nonlinear optics technique described in [2]. Image quality criteria were measured using the optical image quality analyzer described in [1].
Dynamic bandwidth allocation for VBR video traffic based on scene change identification (2002)

To guarantee quality of service (QoS), the requirements of video transmission, such as delay and cell loss rate (CLR), are very stringent. These constraints are difficult to meet if high network utilization is desired. In this paper, dynamic bandwidth allocation algorithms, in which scene change identification is incorporated, are proposed to improve the bandwidth utilization. The bandwidth allocated for each scene is based on the maximum and mean bandwidth of the scene. When a scene change is identified, a new negotiation process is triggered, and the bandwidth is reallocated.
Comparative Genome-Scale Reconstruction of Gapless Metabolic Networks for Present and Ancestral Species (2014)

We introduce a novel computational approach, CoReCo, for comparative metabolic reconstruction and provide genome-scale metabolic network models for 49 important fungal species. Leveraging on the exponential growth in sequenced genome availability, our method reconstructs genome-scale gapless metabolic networks simultaneously for a large number of species by integrating sequence data in a probabilistic framework. High reconstruction accuracy is demonstrated by comparisons to the well-curated Saccharomyces cerevisiae consensus model and large-scale knock-out experiments. Our comparative approach is particularly useful in scenarios where the quality of available sequence data is lacking, and when reconstructing evolutionary distant species. Moreover, the reconstructed networks are fully carbon mapped, allowing their use in 13C flux analysis. We demonstrate the functionality and usability of the reconstructed fungal models with computational steady-state biomass production experiment, as these fungi include some of the most important production organisms in industrial biotechnology. In contrast to many existing reconstruction techniques, only minimal manual effort is required before the reconstructed models are usable in flux balance experiments. CoReCo is available at http://esaskar.github.io/CoReCo/.
Radiative Monomolecular Recombination Boosts Amplified Spontaneous Emission in HC(NH 2) 2 SnI 3 Perovskite Films (2016)

Hybrid\nmetal-halide perovskites have potential as cost-effective\ngain media for laser technology because of their superior optoelectronic\nproperties. Although lead-halide perovskites have been most widely\nstudied to date, tin-based perovskites have been proposed as a less\ntoxic alternative. In this Letter, we show that amplified spontaneous\nemission (ASE) in formamidinium tin triiodide (FASnI&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;)\nthin films is supported by an observed radiative monomolecular charge\nrecombination pathway deriving from its unintentional doping. Such\na radiative component will be active even at the lowest charge-carrier\ndensities, opening a pathway for ultralow light-emission thresholds.\nUsing time-resolved THz photoconductivity analysis, we further show\nthat the material has an unprecedentedly high charge-carrier mobility\nof 22 cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; V&lt;sup&gt;–1&lt;/sup&gt; s&lt;sup&gt;–1&lt;/sup&gt; favoring\nefficient transport. In addition, FASnI&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; exhibits strong\nradiative bimolecular recombination and Auger rates that are over\nan order of magnitude lower than for lead-halide perovskites. In combination,\nthese properties reveal that tin-halide perovskites are highly suited\nto light-emitting devices.
Feasibility of a Breath Test for Monitoring Adherence to Vaginal Administration of Antiretroviral Microbicide Gels (2012)

Adherence to microbicide gel use is critical to optimizing effectiveness in preventing human immunodeficiency virus transmission. The authors hypothesized that ester taggants added to vaginal gels would generate exhaled alcohol and ketone metabolites and provide a "breath test" for vaginal gel use. This 2-arm (vaginal and dermal), randomized, participant-blinded, pilot study tested this hypothesis. On 8 visits, healthy women (n = 8) received intravaginal taggant (2-butyl acetate, 2-pentyl acetate, isopropyl butyrate, or 2-pentyl butyrate; 30 mg) formulated in hydroxyethylcellulose or tenofovir placebo gel. A second group (n = 4) of women received the same formulations administered dermally on the forearm to determine if skin administration might confound the system. Breath samples were collected using bags before and after taggant administration for 1 hour. Samples were measured using a miniature gas chromatograph and/or gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy for ester taggant, alcohol, and ketone concentrations. After vaginal administration, 2-butyl acetate, 2-pentyl acetate, and metabolites were observed in breath, whereas isopropyl butyrate, 2-pentyl butyrate, and metabolites were not. Some women reported self-resolving, mild burning (24/64 visits) with vaginal administration or a "bubblegum" taste (7/64 visits). No taggants or metabolites were detected following dermal application. A "breath test" for adherence to antiretroviral vaginal gel application appears physiologically and technically feasible.
Phosphor Converted Three-Band White LED (2004)

The development of wide band gap III-V nitride compound semiconductors has led to the commercial production of high-efficiency LEDs. The recent advent of blue InGaN technology has made it possible to produce a conventional white LED in which white light is obtained by coating a Y3Al5O12:Ce (or Sr3SiO5:Eu) phosphor onto a blue LED chip. In this device, known as a two-band white LED, white light is generated by additive color mixing of the blue light emitted by the blue LED and the yellow light emitted by the Y3Al5O12:Ce phosphor. The development of a white LED is important because it opens the way for LED applications such as light bulbs and fluorescent lamps with high durability and low energy consumption. However, the spectral composition of the light produced by the conventional two-band white LED differs from that of natural white light, particularly in the red region. The color properties of conventional two-band white LEDs can potentially be improved by adding another component to create a white LED based on three emission bands (a three-band white LED). Full-color fluorescent display devices have been developed by using a combination of ZnS:Ag (blue), ZnS:Cu,Al (green), and ZnCdS:Ag (red) phosphors excited by a nearUV LED. In addition, a white light source has been obtained by intergrating ZnS:Ag (blue), ZnS:Cu,Al (green), and Y2O2S:Eu (red) phosphors, and a UV-LED (350 nm). White light has also been achieved by combining a blue LED (460 nm) with SrGa2S4:Eu (green) and SrS:Eu (red) phosphors. Previously, we constructed a three-band white LED by combining a blue LED (465 nm) with SrGa2S4:Eu (green) and ZnCdS:Ag,Cl (red) phosphors. In the present work, we investigated the optical properties of a white LED which was obtained by using a blue LED (465 nm) in conjunction with SrGa2S4:Eu (green) and SrY2S4:Eu (red) phosphors. The SrY2S4:Eu phosphor was chosen over the ZnCdS:Ag,Cl phosphor used in our previous work in order to improve the red color characteristics of the white LED.
Supplementary Table 1, Materials and Methods, Figure Legends 1-4 from Anti-DLL4 Inhibits Growth and Reduces Tumor-Initiating Cell Frequency in Colorectal Tumors with Oncogenic <i>KRAS</i> Mutations (2023)

Supplementary Table 1, Materials and Methods, Figure Legends 1-4 from Anti-DLL4 Inhibits Growth and Reduces Tumor-Initiating Cell Frequency in Colorectal Tumors with Oncogenic &lt;i&gt;KRAS&lt;/i&gt; Mutations
Decolorization and Biodegradation of basic violet dye by fungal- bacterial consortia (2017)

The present study was aimed to test the ability of Penicillium citrinum MTCC 8009, Aspergillusterreus MTCC 3006, Bacillus cohnii and their consortia to decolorize basic violet dye. Different parameters such as initial dye concentration, dye to inoculum ratio and period of incubation were studied for the decolourization of the dye. The developed fungal-bacterial consortia exhibited maximum percent decolorization (92%) ability when compared to the treatment of dyes by individual microbes. Percent decolorization of basic violet dye (92%) was more efficient using fungal-bacterial (Penicillium citrinum and Bacillus cohnii) consortia than with individual cultures. Phyto-toxicity results indicated that bacterial-fungal consortia (Penicillium citrinum and Bacillus cohnii) treatmentÂ was believed to degrade the dyes to non-toxic intermediates. The FTIR analysis also revealed that decolorization of basic violet dyes was due to its degradation.
A Versatile and Highly Efficient Catalyst System for the Preparation of Polyesters Based on Lanthanide Tris(2,6-di-tert-butylphenolate)s and Various Alcohols (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTA Versatile and Highly Efficient Catalyst System for the Preparation of Polyesters Based on Lanthanide Tris(2,6-di-tert-butylphenolate)s and Various AlcoholsWillem M. Stevels, Marc J. K. Ankoné, Pieter J. Dijkstra, and Jan FeijenView Author Information Department of Chemical Technology and Institute of Biomedical Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands Cite this: Macromolecules 1996, 29, 9, 3332–3333Publication Date (Web):April 22, 1996Publication History Received11 December 1995Revised12 February 1996Published online22 April 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma951813ohttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma951813orapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views880Altmetric-Citations171LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Copolymerization,Monomers,Polymerization,Polymers Get e-Alerts
Principles of Oncoimmunology (2017)

The history of cancer research is marked by at least three phases that each are based on different methodologies and therapeutic strategies. During the first phase that lasts from antiquity to the eighties of the twentieth century, cancer was considered as a cellular disease resulting from the invasion of tissues by abnormal cells. Hence, the main challenge consisted in excising the tumor with its margins to make sure that all cancer cells had been removed. In addition to mutilating surgical techniques, clinical oncologists have been applying cytotoxic agents to their patients, based on the consideration that proliferating cells had to be purged from the organism. Cancer drugs were identified by their capacity to kill cultured tumor cells in vitro and then administered to patients as “chemotherapies” at the maximum tolerated doses to obtain similar effects in vivo.