gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Magnetic resonance study of titanium(IV) oxide, vanadium(V) oxide/titanium(IV) oxide, and vanadium(V) oxide supported rhodium catalysts (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMagnetic resonance study of titanium(IV) oxide, vanadium(V) oxide/titanium(IV) oxide, and vanadium(V) oxide supported rhodium catalystsJoel B. Miller, Stephen J. DeCanio, John B. Michel, and Cecil DybowskiCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1985, 89, 12, 2592–2596Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1985https://doi.org/10.1021/j100258a033RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views60Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (562 KB) Get e-Alerts
Kinetic description of metal nanocrystal oxidation: a combined theoretical and experimental approach for determining morphology and diffusion parameters in hollow nanoparticles by the nanoscale Kirkendall effect (2014)

The oxidation of colloidal metal nanocrystals to form hollow shells via the nanoscale Kirkendall effect has been investigated using a combined theoretical and experimental approach. A generalized kinetic model for the formation of hollow nanoparticles describes the phenomenon and, unlike prior models, is applicable to any material system and accounts for the effect of surface energies. Phase diagrams of the ultimate oxidized nanoparticle morphology and the time to achieve complete oxidation are calculated, and are found to depend significantly upon consideration of surface energy effects that destabilize the initial formation of small voids. For the oxidation of Cu nanocrystals to Cu2O nanoparticles, we find that the diffusion coefficients dictate the morphological outcomes: the ratio of to controls the void size, determines the time of oxidation and is largely irrelevant in the kinetics of oxidation. The kinetic model was used to fit experimental measurements of 11 nm diameter Cu nanocrystals oxidized in air from which temperature-dependent diffusivities of and for 100 ≤ T ≤ 200 °C were determined. In contrast to previous interpretations of the nanoscale Kirkendall effect in the Cu/Cu2O system, these results are obtained without any a priori assumptions about the relative magnitudes of and . The theoretical and experimental approaches presented here are broadly applicable to any nanoparticle system undergoing oxidation, and can be used to precisely control the final nanoparticle morphology for applications in catalysis or optical materials.
Electrochemically primed functional redox mediator generator from the decomposition of solid state electrolyte (2019)

Recent works into sulfide-type solid electrolyte materials have attracted much attention among the battery community. Specifically, the oxidative decomposition of phosphorus and sulfur based solid state electrolyte has been considered one of the main hurdles towards practical application. Here we demonstrate that this phenomenon can be leveraged when lithium thiophosphate is applied as an electrochemically "switched-on" functional redox mediator-generator for the activation of commercial bulk lithium sulfide at up to 70 wt.% lithium sulfide electrode content. X-ray adsorption near-edge spectroscopy coupled with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and Raman indicate a catalytic effect of generated redox mediators on the first charge of lithium sulfide. In contrast to pre-solvated redox mediator species, this design decouples the lithium sulfide activation process from the constraints of low electrolyte content cell operation stemming from pre-solvated redox mediators. Reasonable performance is demonstrated at strict testing conditions.
Cathepsin D produces antimicrobial peptide parasin I from histone H2A in the skin mucosa of fish (2002)

Parasin I is a potent 19-residue antimicrobial peptide isolated from the skin mucus of wounded catfish (Parasilurus asotus). Here we describe the mechanism of parasin I production from histone H2A in catfish skin mucosa on epidermal injury. Cathepsin D is found to exist in the mucus as an inactive proenzyme (procathepsin D), and a metalloprotease, induced on injury, cleaves procathepsin D to generate active cathepsin D. This activated form of cathepsin D then cleaves the Ser19-Arg20 bond of histone H2A to produce parasin I. Immunohistochemical analysis reveals that unacetylated histone H2A, a precursor of parasin I, and procathepsin D are present in the cytoplasm of epithelial mucous cells and that parasin I is produced on the mucosal surface on epidermal injury. Western blot analysis shows that parasin I is also present in the skin mucus of other fish species. Furthermore, parasin I shows good antimicrobial activity against fish-specific bacterial pathogens. Taken together, these results indicate that cathepsin D and a metalloprotease participate in the production of parasin I from histone H2A and that parasin I contributes to the innate host defense of the fish against invading microorganisms.
0733 Elucidating Sleep-Related Health Disparities across The Socioeconomic Spectrum Leveraging a Large-Scale Sleep Registry (2022)

Abstract Introduction Sleep disparities have been implicated as a contributor to overall health disparities in socially disadvantaged groups. Despite epidemiological studies reporting sleep deprivation and poorer sleep quality among those with low socioeconomic status and group minorities, little is known about the extent to which sleep disorders such as sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), varies across the socioeconomic spectrum. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted utilizing data from the Cleveland Clinic Sleep Laboratory Registry. All adults who underwent diagnostic or split (baseline diagnostic) polysomnogram (PSG) or home sleep apnea test (HSAT) were included in the study. Area Deprivation Index (ADI), a biomarker of neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage, was calculated by national rank, i.e. 25th, 50th and 75th percentiles; higher quartiles reflect greater deprivation. Generalized linear models adjusted for age, race, sex, body mass index(kg/m2) and primary payer were used to investigate association of ADI with SDB breathing measures (apnea hypopnea index, (AHI) and sleep-related hypoxemia (percentage of total sleep time &amp;lt;90%SaO2, [TST&amp;lt;90]). Results The analytic sample included 81,212 sleep studies; 60,013(74%) were PSG and 21,199(26%) HSAT with age: 52.0[41.0, 62.3], 49% females, 19% black race, with BMI=34.5±8.5 kg/m2, 44% with Medicaid and Medicare. Median ADI National Rank 59.0[39.0, 81.0] with higher 4th quartiles in PSG versus HSAT:29.1% vs 16.3%,p&amp;lt;0.001. In the PSG group, ADI was associated with hypoxia measures: TST&amp;lt;90(coefficient p&amp;lt;0.0001), model R2=0.171; mean SaO2(p&amp;lt;0.0001), R2=0.189; minimum SaO2(p&amp;lt;0.0001), R2=0.169; all measures were higher with higher ADI quartiles. In the HSAT group, ADI was associated with mean SaO2(p&amp;lt;0.0001), R2=0.188 and minimum SaO2(p&amp;lt;0.0001), R2=0.181 with all measures being higher with higher ADI quartiles. AHI was associated with ADI(p=0.0032), R2=0.239; but least squares mean AHI did not differ among ADI quartiles in PSG and HSAT groups. Interactions were observed between ADI and age, BMI and male sex (p&amp;lt;0.05), but not race. Conclusion Sleep-related hypoxia was greater among patients living in areas of higher deprivation when considering rankings of neighborhoods by socioeconomic disadvantage. Further understanding of the reason for this sleep disorder-related disparity is needed, i.e. further characterizing theoretical domains and social and geographic determinants of income, education, employment, and housing quality with the overarching goal to improve disparities in health. Support (If Any)
Corn leaf aphid feeding behavior, injury to seedling maize, and colony development on inbred lines differing in DIMBOA concentrations (1990)

Com leaf aphid rRhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch)] colonization was evaluated on five inbred maize (Zea mays L.) lines (B37, B73, C103, Mol7, and 41:25045) from emergence to the eight-leaf stage. Concentration of 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxyl-l, 4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIMBOA) in these inbreds was analyzed from emergence to anthesis to determine its effect on com leaf aphid colonization. Inbred 41:25043, which was colonized by com leaf aphids as it emerged from the soil, had the highest DIMBOA concentration. Inbreds B73 and B37 were low in DIMBOA and were colonized in the threeand six-leaf stages, respectively. Inbreds C103 and Mol7 also were low in DIMBOA and supported small colonies after the sixand seven-leaf stage, respectively. Contrary to findings of previous studies, DIMBOA does not appear to be the primary factor conditioning resistance to the com leaf aphid in these inbreds.
A novel integrable microvalve for refreshable braille display system (2003)

We introduce a novel integrable and electrostatic microvalve for the purpose of enabling a pneumatic refreshable Braille display system (RBDS). Physical design parameters of the microvalve such as orifice size, beam length, number of beams and beam profile are experimentally explored and found promising for use with the RBDS. Particularly, one design with an orifice of 70 μm×70 μm, beam length of 665 μm, and beam count of 20 is electrostatically closed against a differential pressure of 82.7 kPa with an applied voltage of 68 V-rms. Also introduced is a steady-state mechanical model of the microvalve established on a coupled solution of fluid and solid domains. The model and experimental test results have been used to calculate the unknown discharge coefficient, elastic deflection, and entrance pressure. The model reveals that some of the designs have remarkably low discharge coefficient and entrance pressure, implying that pressure loss occurs mostly through and around the inlet port even at fairly large supply pressures. Experimental observations concerning the practical use of the microvalve are discussed.
Evaluation Considerations for IP Autoconfiguration Mechanisms in MANETs (2008)

This Internet Draft aims at providing general guidelines for the
AUTOCONF solution space, through providing a set of evaluation
considerations for IP autoconfiguration mechanisms in MANETs. These
evaluation considerations conform to the AUTOCONF problem statement
draft and the MANET architecture draft. The main objective of this
draft is to illustrate some key features and highlight some important
behaviours for the different autoconf mechanisms, and thus aiming to
help solution developers during mechanisms' design and to help
implementers in the choice of the autoconf mechanism that fits better
their particular requirements, taking into consideration a number of
important factors that are discussed in this draft.
Studies on Borate Esters, Part VII Borate esters of some 1,3‐diones (1987)

Abstract An NMR study of 1,3‐dione‐boric acid systems in DMSO is presented. Formation of borate diesters is preferred over that of borate monoesters. The 1,3‐dione moiety of the borate diester closely resembles that of the free enol tautomer. Addition of proton acids favours borate ester formation.
Threshold for superconductivity in ultrathin amorphous gallium films (1986)

Systematic studies of the onset of superconductivity in ultrathin amorphous Ga films have revealed the existence of a threshold dependent only on the normal-state sheet resistance. Global superconductivity, or zero resistance, develops only when the normal-state sheet resistance falls below 6000 \ensuremath{\Omega}/\ensuremath{\square}. This result agrees with previous observations on crystalline Sn films and further supports the notion of a universal resistance threshold.
Correction to “Sucrose-Assisted Combustion Synthesis and Characterization” [Jun 16 Art. no. 2400104] (2021)

In the above article <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">[1]</xref> , the correct name of the third author should be “T. S. Almutairi” instead of “T. S. El Mutairi.”
Apoptosis following interleukin‐2 withdrawal from T cells: evidence for a regulatory role of CD 18 (β2‐integrin) molecules (1996)

Following a successful immune response against invading microorganisms, the majority of activated T cells is eliminated, while a minor fraction survives as memory T cells. A decline in T lymphocyte growth factors such as interleukin-2 (IL-2) appears to play a role in the elimination of previously activated T cells. Thus, removal of IL-2 from proliferating T cells not only induces growth arrest, but triggers a massive cell death due to apoptosis. While the apoptotic response involves a series of well-described events, it remains less clear how apoptosis is regulated following IL-2 withdrawal. Here, we provide evidence that CD18 molecules (beta 2-integrins) play a regulatory role in the apoptotic response following removal of IL-2 from previously activated, antigen specific CD4+ T cell lines. Thus, CD18 mAb inhibited the apoptotic response to IL-2 deprivation, whereas mAb against other adhesion molecules (CD28, CD29, CD49d, CD80, CD86) did not. Secondly, IL-2 withdrawal resulted in a retarded apoptotic response in LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) negative T cells obtained from a leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) patient, as compared to LFA-1 positive T cell lines. Thirdly, co-culture of LFA-1 positive- and negative-T cells at different ratios induced apoptotic responses that were higher than expected, had the two lymphocyte populations not been interacting and significantly higher than that seen in pure LFA-1 negative T cells. Supernatants from LFA-1 positive T cell cultures undergoing apoptosis did not induce an enhanced apoptotic responses in LFA-1 negative T cells, and, reversely, culture supernatants from LFA-1 negative T cells did not rescue LFA-1 positive cells from undergoing apoptosis. The apoptotic response was partly blocked by IL-15, a newly identified T cell growth factor. Taken together, these findings suggest that CD18 molecules (beta 2-integrins) play a regulatory role in the apoptotic response following cytokine withdrawal, and that the regulation is mediated, at least partly, through T-T cell interactions. Thus, apoptotic death following IL-2 deprivation appears to be under "social" control by surrounding T cells.
Abstract A61: Darinasparsin (Z101) inhibits prostate cancer stem cells via inhibition of hedgehog signaling. (2011)

Abstract An orally available form of Darinasparsin (D) an organic arsenical, is currently in Phase I trials. The parenteral form of D has shown antitumor activity in Phase II studies, in particular in patients with T-Cell Lymphoma. We tested D in four prostate cancer cell lines and after a 72h exposure, IC50's ranged from 2.5 to 12 micromolar, Du 145 cells being the most sensitive. Given the reports that arsenic trioxide inhibited Hedgehog signaling (Kim et al, PNAS 107:13432,2110), we tested the effect of D on Hedgehog signaling in prostate stem cells, isolated by adherence to collagen I, expression of CD 44, and lack of expression of CD24. D showed potent inhibition of DU 145 prostate cells adhering to collagen, inhibited prostate spheroid growth (IC50:2uM) and prostate stem cell colony formation. Western analysis showed that D decreased levels of the transcription factor Gli2, a downstream effector of Hedgehog signaling. Combination studies with taxotere, a FDA approved drug for the treatment of patients with advanced prostate cancer, showed synergistic cell kill at high fixed doses of the drugs. In contrast the combination of D with cabazitaxel showed less than additive effects. These studies encourage additional preclinical studies and a clinical trial of D in patients with advanced prostate cancer, alone and in combination with taxotere. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2011 Nov 12-16; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2011;10(11 Suppl):Abstract nr A61.
Successful void free gap fill of 3&#x00B5;m, high AR via middle, Through Silicon Vias at wafer level (2014)

This paper presents challenges encountered in the fabrication of high aspect ratio (AR) via middle, Through Silicon Vias (TSV), of 3μm top entrant critical dimension (CD) and 50μm depth. Higher AR TSV integration is explored due to the lower stress influence of TSVs observed in adjacent CMOS devices.
Example-based rendering of textural phenomena (2005)

This thesis explores synthesis by example as a paradigm for rendering real-world phenomena. In particular, phenomena that can be visually described as texture are considered. We exploit, for synthesis, the self-repeating nature of the visual elements constituting these texture exemplars. Techniques for unconstrained as well as constrained/controllable synthesis of both image and video textures are presented.&#13;\n&#13;\n&#13;\nFor unconstrained synthesis, we present two robust techniques that can perform spatio-temporal extension, editing, and merging of image as well as video textures. In one of these techniques, large patches of input texture are automatically aligned and seamless stitched with each other to generate realistic looking images and videos. The second technique is based on iterative optimization of a global energy function that measures the quality of the synthesized texture with respect to the given input exemplar.&#13;\n&#13;\n&#13;\nWe also present a technique for controllable texture synthesis. In particular, it allows for generation of motion-controlled texture animations that follow a specified flow field. Animations synthesized in this fashion maintain the structural properties like local shape, size, and orientation of the input texture even as they move according to the specified flow. We cast this problem into an optimization framework that tries to simultaneously satisfy the two (potentially competing) objectives of similarity to the input texture and consistency with the flow field. This optimization is a simple extension of the approach used for unconstrained texture synthesis.&#13;\n&#13;\n&#13;\nA general framework for example-based synthesis and rendering is also presented. This framework provides a design space for constructing example-based rendering algorithms. The goal of such algorithms would be to use texture exemplars to render animations for which certain behavioral characteristics need to be controlled. Our motion-controlled texture synthesis technique is an instantiation of this framework where the characteristic being controlled is motion represented as a flow field.
Autoencoder with Adaptive Loss Function for Supervised Anomaly Detection (2022)

When anomaly detection is applied to a product inspection process, it is often the case that the system initially has no anomaly data, but acquires anomaly data during operation. In such cases, an unsupervised learning-based anomaly detection model (e.g. autoencoders) using only normal data may be applied in the initial phase of operation, and a supervised learning-based anomaly detection model with additional anomaly data may be applied once anomaly data have been acquired during operation. Although supervised learning-based anomaly detection models are an extension of autoencoders to supervised learning, when they are used to update an unsupervised learning-based anomaly detection model to a supervised learning-based anomaly detection model, the problem of inconsistency in the anomaly scores before and after the model update arises. In this paper, we propose a new method called autoencoder with adaptive loss function (AEAL) to improve the detection accuracy of known anomalies while ensuring consistent anomaly scores before and after model updates. AEAL is an autoencoder-based method for learning anomaly detection models by dynamically adjusting the balance between minimizing reconstruction errors for anomaly data and maximizing reconstruction errors for anomaly data. Experimental results on multiple public image datasets show that AEAL has the effect of improving the detection accuracy of known anomalies while ensuring that anomaly scores are consistent with the anomaly detection model prior to the update.
Influence of Aging on Cortical and Trabecular Bone Response to Estradiol Treatment in Ovariectomized Rats (1998)

Three groups (n = 15/group) of 6-, 12- and 30-month-old (mature, old and senescent animals, respectively) female Wistar rats on a diet (6 g/100 g BW/ day) containing 0.8% calcium and 0.8% inorganic phosphorus were studied. Within each group, 10 rats were ovariectomized surgically and 5 injected s.c. with 17 beta-estradiol (E rats, 10 micrograms/kg BW/48 h) and 5 with solvent alone (OVX rats) from day 2 until day 60 after ovariectomy. Five other rats were sham-operated (SH rats) and received solvent only. All rats were killed by exsanguination 60 days after ovariectomy. Neither ovariectomy nor estradiol treatment had a significant effect upon tibial mechanical properties in 6-, 12- and 30-month-old animals. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) of the distal femur and BMC of the whole femur were decreased by ovariectomy in 6- and 12-month-old rats, but were not different in the SH and E groups. In senescent animals, in which the lowest BMD and BMC were measured, estradiol treatment was more effective in increasing these parameters than in adult and old rats. Image analysis of the distal femoral diaphysis showed that estradiol treatment prevented trabecular bone loss induced by senescence and/or ovariectomy. In each group, urinary deoxypyridinoline excretion and plasma osteocalcin concentration were higher in the OVX animals than in the controls, consistent with increased bone turnover in the estrogen-deficient state. Both biochemical turnover markers were reduced in the estrogen-treated groups. These results indicate that 17 beta-estradiol is particularly effective at preventing high-turnover-induced osteopenia in 30-month-old animals.
ChemInform Abstract: Inhibition and Structural Reliability of Prenylated Flavones from the Stem Bark of Morus lhou on β‐Secretase (BACE‐1). (2011)

Abstract A variety of flavones (8 examples) is isolated by activity‐guided fractionation of the methanolic extracts from Morus Ihou stem bark.