gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Myeloid cell–targeted miR-146a mimic inhibits NF-κB–driven inflammation and leukemia progression in vivo (2019)

NF-κB is a key regulator of inflammation and cancer progression, with an important role in leukemogenesis. Despite its therapeutic potential, targeting NF-κB using pharmacologic inhibitors has proven challenging. Here, we describe a myeloid cell-selective NF-κB inhibitor using an miR-146a mimic oligonucleotide conjugated to a scavenger receptor/Toll-like receptor 9 agonist (C-miR146a). Unlike an unconjugated miR146a, C-miR146a was rapidly internalized and delivered to the cytoplasm of target myeloid cells and leukemic cells. C-miR146a reduced expression of classic miR-146a targets (IRAK1 and TRAF6), thereby blocking activation of NF-κB in target cells. IV injections of C-miR146a mimic to miR-146a-deficient mice prevented excessive NF-κB activation in myeloid cells, and thus alleviated myeloproliferation and mice hypersensitivity to bacterial challenge. Importantly, C-miR146a showed efficacy in dampening severe inflammation in clinically relevant models of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell-induced cytokine release syndrome. Systemic administration of C-miR146a oligonucleotide alleviated human monocyte-dependent release of IL-1 and IL-6 in a xenotransplanted B-cell lymphoma model without affecting CD19-specific CAR T-cell antitumor activity. Beyond anti-inflammatory functions, miR-146a is a known tumor suppressor commonly deleted or expressed at reduced levels in human myeloid leukemia. Using The Cancer Genome Atlas acute myeloid leukemia data set, we found an inverse correlation of miR-146a levels with NF-κB-related genes and with patient survival. Correspondingly, C-miR146a induced cytotoxic effects in human MDSL, HL-60, and MV4-11 leukemia cells in vitro. The repeated IV administration of C-miR146a inhibited expression of NF-κB target genes and thereby thwarted progression of disseminated HL-60 leukemia. Our results show the potential of using myeloid cell-targeted miR-146a mimics for the treatment of inflammatory and myeloproliferative disorders.
Size Dependence of Phonon Scattering in CdSe/CdS/ZnS Nanocrystals (2007)

We extract the room temperature homogeneous linewidth for 5 sizes of CdSe/CdS/ZnS nanocrystals from the temperature dependence of the ensemble emission spectra. We find that the homogeneous linewidth scales as 1/R2 for small nanocrystals as is expected for acoustic phonon scattering. We analyze the contributions of an inhomogeneous size distribution, spectral diffusion, and the homogeneous linewidth to the NC ensemble spectrum at room temperature.
Elastography Can Map the Local Inverse Relationship between Shear Modulus and Drug Delivery within the Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Microenvironment (2018)

These results demonstrate that elastography could guide targeted therapy and/or identify patients with highly elevated tissue pressure.<i>See related commentary by Nia et al., p. 2024</i>.
Data from Cytoplasmic Sequestration of p27 via AKT Phosphorylation in Renal Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; p27 localization and expression has prognostic and predictive value in cancer. Little is known regarding expression patterns of p27 in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) or how p27 participates in disease progression or response to therapy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; RCC-derived cell lines, primary tumors, and normal renal epithelial cells were analyzed for p27 expression, phosphorylation (T157 of the NLS), and subcellular localization. RCC-derived cell lines were treated with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors and effects on p27 localization were assessed. The potential contribution of cytoplasmic p27 to resistance to apoptosis was also evaluated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; p27 was elevated in tumors compared with matched controls, and cytoplasmic mislocalization of p27 was associated with increasing tumor grade. Cytoplasmic localization of p27 correlated with phosphorylation at T157, an AKT phosphorylation site in the p27 NLS. In RCC cell lines, activated PI3K/AKT signaling was accompanied by mislocalization of p27. AKT activation and phosphorylation of p27 was associated with resistance to apoptosis, and small interfering RNA knockdown of p27 or relocalization to the nucleus increased apoptosis in RCC cells. Treatment with the PI3K inhibitors LY294002 or wortmannin resulted in nuclear relocalization of p27, whereas mTOR inhibition by rapamycin did not.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; In RCC, p27 is phosphorylated at T157 of the NLS, with increasing tumor grade associated with cytoplasmic p27. PI3K inhibition (which reduces AKT activity) reduces T157 phosphorylation and induces nuclear relocalization of p27, whereas mTOR inhibition does not. Clinical testing of these findings may provide a rational approach for use of mTOR and PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitors in patients with RCC.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Relationship of Seminal Volume to Size and Disease of the Prostate in the Beagle (1979)

The seminal volume of young adult Beagles was correlated with the size of and disease in their prostates. The ejaculate volume of naturally collected semen increased in a linear manner with prostatic weight in dogs with normal or glandular hyperplastic prostates. This correlation was not observed in the dogs with cystic hyperplasia, in which there was a reduction in volume of 50% in the semen produced for each gram of prostate. There were no significant differences in other seminal characteristics regardless of prostatic size of disease.
Ultrasound-Guided Intratumoral Delivery of Doxorubicin from in Situ Forming Implants in a Hepatocellular Carcinoma Model (2016)

Dox-eluting ISFIs provide a promising platform for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinomas by which drug can be delivered directly into the lesion, bypassing distribution and elimination by the circulatory system.
A gB/CD3 bispecific BiTE antibody construct for targeting Human Cytomegalovirus-infected cells (2018)

Bispecific T cell engager (BiTE) antibody constructs are successfully used as cancer therapeutics. We hypothesized that this treatment strategy could also be applicable for therapy of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection, since HCMV-encoded proteins are abundantly expressed on the surface of infected cells. Here we show that a BiTE antibody construct directed against HCMV glycoprotein B (gB) and CD3 efficiently triggers T cells to secrete IFN-γ and TNF upon co-culture with fibroblasts infected with HCMV strain AD169, Towne or Toledo. Titration of gB expression levels in non-infected cells confirmed that already low levels of gB are sufficient for efficient triggering of T cells in presence of the BiTE antibody construct. Comparison of redirecting T cells with the bispecific antibody versus a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) based on the same scFv showed a similar sensitivity for gB expression. Although lysis of infected target cells was absent, the BiTE antibody construct inhibited HCMV replication by triggering cytokine production. Notably, even strongly diluted supernatants of the activated T cells efficiently blocked the replication of HCMV in infected primary fibroblasts. In summary, our data prove the functionality of the first BiTE antibody construct targeting an HCMV-encoded glycoprotein for inhibiting HCMV replication in infected cells.
Development of Robust Gasoline HCCI Idle Operation Using Multiple Injection and Multiple Ignition (MIMI) Strategy (2009)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Engines operating in Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) combustion mode offer significant benefits of high fuel economy and low engine-out NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; emissions over the conventional spark ignition (SI) combustion mode. However, due to the nature of HCCI combustion, traditional HCCI combustion can be realized only in a limited operating range. High load is limited by the trade-off between ringing (combustion noise) and stability (COV of IMEP). Low load is restricted by the trade-off between NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; emissions and combustion stability (standard deviation of IMEP).&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The present research is focused on the extension of lo w load limit of HCCI combustion by developing HCCI idle operation. The main obstacle in developing HCCI idle combustion is lack of available thermal energy necessary for successful auto-ignition. The current paper relates to a method for achieving the approriate environment for auto-ignition at idle and the optimal trade-off between combustion stability and NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; emissions by employing multiple injection and multiple ignition (MIMI) strategy.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;HCCI operating range was successfully extended to idle condition. Very low NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; emissions ( &amp;lt; 1.0 g/kg-fuel) and good stability ( &amp;lt; 10 kPa stdv of IMEP) can be achieved at 800 rpm, 85 kPa NMEP condition. Compared to throttled homogeneous SIDI operation, over 25% fuel consumption benefit can be achieved.&lt;/div&gt;
5-Aminolevulinate production by Escherichia coli containing the Rhodobacter sphaeroides hemA gene (1996)

The Rhodobacter sphaeroides hemA gene codes for 5-aminolevulinate (ALA) synthase. This enzyme catalyzes the pyridoxal phosphate-dependent condensation of succinyl coenzyme A and glycine-forming ALA. The R. sphaeroides hemA gene in the pUC18/19 vector system was transformed into Escherichia coli. The effects of both genetic and physiological factors on the expression of ALA synthase and the production of ALA were studied. ALA synthase activity levels were maximal when hemA had the same transcription direction as the lac promoter. The distance between the lac promoter and hemA affected the expression of ALA synthase on different growth substrates. The E. coli host strain used had an enormous effect on the ALA synthase activity level and on the production of ALA, with E. coli DH1 being best suited. The ALA synthase activity level was also dependent on the carbon source. Succinate, L-malate, fumarate, and L-aspartate gave the highest levels of ALA synthase activity, while the use of lactose as a carbon source resulted in a repression of ALA synthase. After growth on succinate, ALA synthase represented approximately 5% of total cellular protein. The ALA synthase activity level was also dependent on the pH of the medium, with maximal activity occurring at pH 6.5. ALA production by whole cells was limited by the availability of glycine, and the addition of 2 g of glycine per liter to the growth medium increased the production of ALA fivefold, to 2.25 mM. In recombinant E. coli extracts, up to 22 mM ALA was produced from succinate, glycine, and ATP.
Enhanced frequency domain spreading for WiMedia UWB (2007)

WiMedia UWB is a high data rate OFDM system for Wireless Personal Area Networks. The design philosophy is a mixture of high throughput and low power consumption. The standard uses special time and frequency domain spreading to enable low power consumption for the low data rates and for low-end devices. A loss of channel diversity is observed in certain scenarios. First we describe an efficient frequency domain spreading implementation in time domain. Then using this key idea, we propose new spreading schemes, either to recover the diversity loss or to achieve additional power and hardware savings for low-end devices.
Synthetic Conjugated Oligoelectrolytes Are Effective siRNA Transfection Carriers: Relevance to Pancreatic Cancer Gene Therapy (2022)

Conjugated oligoelectrolyte COE-S6 contains an elongated conjugated core with three cationic charges at each termini of the internal core. As an analogue of bolaamphiphiles, these structural attributes lead to the formation of spherical nanoplexes with <i>D</i><sub>h</sub> = 205 ± 5.0 nm upon mixing with small interfering RNA (siRNA). COE-S6/siRNA nanocomplexes were shown to be protective toward RNase, stimulate endosome escape, and achieve transfection efficiencies comparable to those achieved with commercially available LIP3000. Moreover, COE-S6/siRNA nanocomplexes enabled efficient silencing of the K-ras gene in pancreatic cancer cells and significant inhibition of cancer tumor growth with negligible in vitro toxicities. More importantly, cell invasion and colony formation of the Panc-1 cells were significantly inhibited, and apoptosis of the pancreatic cancer cells was also promoted. We also note that COE-S6 is much less toxic relative to commercial lipid formulations, and it provides optical signatures that can enable subsequent mechanistic work without the need to label nucleotides. COE-S6-based nanoplexes are thus a promising candidate as nonviral vectors for gene delivery.
Sulfasalazine is a potent inhibitor of the reduced folate carrier: Implications for combination therapies with methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis (2004)

At clinically relevant plasma concentrations, interactions of SSZ with RFC provide a biochemical rationale for 2 important clinical observations: 1) the onset of (sub)clinical folate deficiency during SSZ treatment, and 2) the lack of additivity/synergism of the combination of SSZ and MTX when these disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs are administered simultaneously. Thus, when considering use of these drugs in combination therapies, the present results provide a rationale both for the use of folate supplementation and for spacing administration of these drugs over time.
Cerebral Resuscitation (2008)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Hemi-sensory disturbances in patients with complex regional pain syndrome (2018)

Sensory disturbances often spread beyond the site of injury in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) but whether this applies equally to CRPS I and II, or changes across the course of the disease, is unknown. Establishing this is important, because different symptom profiles in CRPS I and II, or in acute vs chronic CRPS, might infer different pathophysiology and treatment approaches. To explore these questions, sensory disturbances were assessed in the limbs and forehead of 71 patients with CRPS I and 33 patients with CRPS II. Pain had persisted up to 12 months in 32 patients, for 13 to 36 months in 29 patients, and for longer than this in 43 patients. Patients with CRPS I were more likely to be female, and pain was more likely to be present in an additional limb, than patients with CRPS II. Conversely, pain was more likely to be associated with sensory deficits and allodynia in patients with CRPS II than CRPS I. Nevertheless, heightened sensitivity, allodynia, and/or hyperalgesia to mechanical and thermal stimuli were detected in a hemisensory distribution ipsilateral to the affected limb in both forms of CRPS. Some of these hemisensory disturbances strengthened with chronicity of pain. These findings suggest that heightened excitability of nociceptive pathways in CRPS spreads to hemisensory convergence points in the brainstem or higher brain centres, possibly in association with compromised pain controls. The similarity of symptom profiles in chronic CRPS I and II implies shared mechanisms despite different triggers.
Chiral Strandberg‐Type Molybdates [(RPO3)2Mo5O15]2− as Molecular Gelators: Self‐Assembled Fibrillar Nanostructures with Enhanced Optical Activity (2008)

Verdrillte Fasern mit helicaler Struktur bilden sich aus chiralen Polyoxomolybdaten (POMs) [(R*PO3)2Mo5O15]2− (R=CH3CH(NH3), CH3CH(CH3)CH(NH3)) durch H-Brückenbildung. Hochaufgelöste TEM-Bilder einzelner Fasern zeigen eine geordnete Unterstruktur mit parallelen Reihen von ca. 2 nm Breite, in Einklang mit der röntgenographisch ermittelten Packung der H-verbrückten POM-Untereinheiten (siehe Einschub). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2008/z801629_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Design of Steerable Linear Differential Microphone Arrays With Omnidirectional and Bidirectional Sensors (2023)

This paper is dedicated to the design of fully steerable linear differential microphone arrays (LDMAs). We analyze the steerable ideal spatial responses and explain why conventional LDMAs consisting of only omnidirectional microphones have limited steering ability. In order to circumvent this limitation, we suggest to use both omnidirectional and bidirectional (with a dipole shaped directivity pattern) microphones. We discuss the minimum numbers of omnidirectional and bidirectional sensors required for achieving steerable spatial responses and present a method to design fully steerable differential beamformers with LDMAs through the Jacobi-Anger series expansion. Simulations validate the presented technique and the steering flexibility of the designed LDMAs.
Adaptive Multi-Agent System and Mixed Integer Linear Programming Optimization Comparison for Grid Stability and Commitment Mismatch in Smart Grids (2021)

Existing electrical networks are going through a transition and distributed energy resource, if not managed properly, can hinder this transition. Uncontrolled introduction of photovoltaics and electric vehicles in distribution networks would lead to substantial issues such as commitment mismatches, line congestions, voltage deviations, etc. This paper presents the use of a classical approach, mixed integer linear programming optimization, and a novel approach, adaptive multi-agent system, to solve the highlighted distribution side challenges by utilizing electric vehicles' storage capacity. This comparison serves as a great tool to benchmark the performance of the under-development adaptive multi-agent system methodology.
Supplemental Figures S4-S7 from A Novel Pharmacologic Activity of Ketorolac for Therapeutic Benefit in Ovarian Cancer Patients (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figures S4-S7. Supplemental Figure S4 - Survival estimates based on Cox-regression for Stage I (AJCC) with completion of chemotherapy. Supplemental Figure S5 - Survival estimates based on Cox-regression for Stage II (AJCC) with completion of chemotherapy. Supplemental Figure S6 - Survival estimates based on Cox-regression for Stage III (AJCC) with completion of chemotherapy. Supplemental Figure S7 - Survival estimates based on Cox-regression for Stage IV (AJCC) with completion of chemotherapy.&lt;/p&gt;
WHAT IS OUR CURRENT UNDERSTANDING OF THE STRUCTURE AND PERFORMANCE OF BIOMEDICAL POLYURETHANES? (2006)

Polyurethane biomaterials have been widely used in medical devices since the late 1960’s. These materials are synthesized by well-recognized chemical procedures, but despite their long history in the biomaterials community as blood-contacting materials, their underlying nanodomain (phase separated) structure, and its intimate relationship to mechanical performance and biostability, is surprisingly poorly understood. A brief overview of recent investigations of the nanodomain texture of polyurethanes using modern analytical tools (e.g. atomic force microscopy and quantitative X-ray scattering measurements) will be provided, with emphasis on the sensitivity of phase separation to processing history. The behavior of both polyurethanes and poly(urethane urea)s will be discussed, with ‘soft’ segments ranging from conventional poly(tetramethylene oxide) to those of current interest [aliphatic polycarbonate and (predominately) poly(dimethyl siloxane)]. Selected examples will be presented from the work of the author’s research group, from his colleagues at the Penn State College of Medicine, and from other authors.
Comparison of the Coating Properties of Kollicoat® IR and other Film Forming Polymers Used for Instant Release Film-Coating (2007)

•� Equipment: Manesty AccelaCota 24”, Schlick ABC nozzle (bore: 1.0 mm), peristaltic pump •� Methods: Apart from the inherent properties of the spraying solution the coating process depends on five main parameters: inlet air quantity, inlet air temperature, spray rate, batch size and weight gain. Keeping the settings listed in Table 3 constant the remaining variables of the coating process are spray rate and product temperature.
Market Access for Radio Equipment in Europe Enabled by the Radio Equipment Directive: Status, Next Steps and Implications (2019)

In Europe, market access for radio equipment is governed through the Radio Equipment Directive (RED), which replaced the Radio Equipment and Telecommunications Terminal Equipment (R&TTE) Directive in 2016. The essential requirements were introduced by RED and subsequently processed by European standards organizations: the European Telecommunications Standards Institute, the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization, and the European Committee for Standardization, in order to develop harmonised standards (HSs). These HSs may be used by manufacturers in order to achieve self-declaration of conformity of radio equipment. Compared to the previously applicable R&TTE Directive, RED contains a set of new Articles, including RED Articles 3(3)(a) to 3(3)(i) and Article 4, which were not enacted when RED was originally published. This article discusses the process for "activating" the corresponding articles, and provides commentary on related ongoing activities in European Commission Expert Groups and detailed implications on radio equipment design. Indeed, new requirements need to be met in order to achieve market access, such as reconfigurability, privacy, and security features. Finally, implications such as time to market and RED compliance certification cost are assessed, and a comparison to other regulation regimes is given, including those in the United States, Korea, and Russia.
Optimized constellations for two-way wireless relaying with physical network coding (2009)

We investigate modulation schemes optimized for two-way wireless relaying systems, for which network coding is employed at the physical layer. We consider network coding based on denoise-and-forward (DNF) protocol, which consists of two stages: multiple access (MA) stage, where two terminals transmit simultaneously towards a relay, and broadcast (BC) stage, where the relay transmits towards the both terminals. We introduce a design principle of modulation and network coding, considering the superposed constellations during the MA stage. For the case of QPSK modulations at the MA stage, we show that QPSK constellations with an exclusive-or (XOR) network coding do not always offer the best transmission for the BC stage, and that there are several channel conditions in which unconventional 5-ary constellations lead to a better throughput performance. Through the use of sphere packing, we optimize the constellation for such an irregular network coding. We further discuss the design issue of the modulation in the case when the relay exploits diversity receptions such as multiple-antenna diversity and path diversity in frequency-selective fading. In addition, we apply our design strategy to a relaying system using higher-level modulations of 16QAM in the MA stage. Performance evaluations confirm that the proposed scheme can significantly improve end-to-end throughput for two-way relaying systems.