gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparative immunophenotypic analysis of human mast cells, blood basophils and monocytes (1996)

Mast cells (MC), blood basophils (Ba) and monocytes (Mo) are of haemopoietic origin. Lineage-relationships and transdifferentiation between MC and Mo, or MC and Ba, have been considered, based on common expression of antigens. In this study, comparative phenotypic analyses on MC, Ba and Mo and on respective cell lines were performed using monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to previously defined and novel CD antigens (CD1-130). By cluster analysis, the overall (all 130 CD) phenotypic relationships (given as similarity indices, SI), between primary cells (MC, Ba and Mo) and corresponding cell lines (HMC-1, KU-812, U937) were 0.716, 0.779 and 0.757, respectively. When primary cells were compared, lower SI values were found (MC versus Ba, 0.509; MC versus Mo, 0.625; Mo versus Ba, 0.698). More distant relationships were found between MC versus Ba and MC versus Mo, compared with Ba versus Mo, for adhesion receptor (R)-, complement R- and cytokine R profiles. Analysis of cytokine R revealed most significant dissimilarities between MC versus Ba and MC versus Mo (SI < 0.2). Moreover, in contrast to other CD subgroups and other lineages, MC and HMC-1 differed from each other in cytokine R expression (SI = 0.286). Cytokine R detectable on HMC-1 but not MC were granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSFR)alpha(CD116), CD40, Apo-1/FAS(CD95) and gp130(CD130). Cytokine R detectable on Ba but not MC, were interleukin-3 (IL-3)R alpha(CD123), IL-1RII(CD121b), IL-2R alpha(CD25) and CD40. In summary, MC, Ba and Mo display a unique CD profile with MC being the most distantly related cell. The most significant mismatch within a given lineage is the loss of cytokine R on mature MC as compared with normal myeloid progenitors and HMC-1 cells.
Exercise Partially Rejuvenates Muscle Stem Cells (2020)

Exercise has long been known to extend health and lifespan in humans and other mammals. However, typically exercise is thought to slow the loss of function that accompanies aging. Brett et al. have now shown that exercise restores functional competency to regenerate muscle stem cells (MuSCs) in mice as well as restore a significant portion of the transcriptional signature associated with young MuSCs. The mechanism involves the likely induction of plasma-borne factors that upregulate cell cycle regulator cyclin D1, which otherwise decreases with increasing age. Cyclin D1, in turn, through its noncanonical attenuation of TGF-beta/Smad3 signaling, helps maintain the regenerative capacity of MuSCs, which is lost as TGF-beta signaling increases with age. Interestingly, elevated levels of some proinflammatory regulators including NF-κB, TNF-alpha, and interleukin 6 (IL-6) are also reduced by exercise or ectopic expression of cyclin D1. Importantly, the rejuvenation is not complete, as Notch signaling, which also decreases with age, remains at old levels and the rejuvenative effect is not permanent: wearing off in ∼2 weeks after cessation of exercise. Understanding the limitations of the rejuvenative effect of exercise on MuSCs at the molecular level, including changes in the epigenome such as altered DNA methylation age, will be critical in developing more significant rejuvenative therapies including some for aged people wherein morbidities limit exercise.
Report on the First HIPstIR Workshop on the Future of Information Retrieval (2019)

The vision of HIPstIR is that early stage information retrieval (IR) researchers get together to develop a future for non-mainstream ideas and research agendas in IR. The first iteration of this vision materialized in the form of a three day workshop in Portsmouth, New Hampshire attended by 24 researchers across academia and industry. Attendees pre-submitted one or more topics that they want to pitch at the meeting. Then over the three days during the workshop, we self-organized into groups and worked on six specific proposals of common interest. In this report, we present an overview of the workshop and brief summaries of the six proposals that resulted from the workshop.
Abiraterone acetate treatment lowers 11-oxygenated androgens (2020)

We conclude that AA and AAP therapies markedly reduce the production of the adrenal-derived 11-oxygenated androgens, both in patients with high (21OHD) or normal (CRPC) 11-oxygenated androgens at baseline, respectively. Reduction of 11-oxygenated androgens is an important aspect of AA and AAP pharmacology.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Dual mTORC1/2 and HER2 Blockade Results in Antitumor Activity in Preclinical Models of Breast Cancer Resistant to Anti-HER2 Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 523KB, Cell cycle analysis of trastuzumab/lapatinib resistant cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Does Inter‐Subject Variability in Cortical Functional Organization Increase with Neural 'Distance' from the Periphery? (2007)

In mapping the functional anatomy of the human brain, anatomical variability is a recurring concern. The degree to which the functional organization of any one subject or group of subjects is more generally predictive is largely unknown. We have previously reported that the inter-subject variability of primary visual, somatosensory and motor cortices is small (4-8 mm). Many have suggested, however, that higher-order brain areas will be considerably more variable. For this reason we assessed the anatomical variability of several brain areas participating in language perception and production. In 10 anatomically normal subjects undergoing evaluation for partial complex epilepsy we applied a previously described battery of lexical tasks; intra-subject image averaging was used to minimize the effects of variations in response magnitude. We found inter-subject anatomical variability to be uniformly consistent, with no appreciable effect of distance from the neural periphery.
A self-learning neural tree network for recognition of speech features (1993)

The author presents a self-learning neural tree network (SL-NTN) for classification of speech features into phones. The SL-NTN employs a farthest-neighbor fuzzy-clustering algorithm to establish the intra-class correlation among speech phones, thus splitting the phone in such a way as to maximize the recognition performance while reducing the computational complexity. When evaluated on the 61 phones of the TIMIT database, the SL-NTN has been shown to provide an optimal trade-off between computational complexity and recognition performance. It also provides insight into the relationship among the applied speech patterns.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Couplage entre une nano-cavité, optique et des structures plasmoniques sondé par spectroscopie Raman (2012)

International audience
Compression and reliable transmission of digital image and video signals (1999)

This thesis deals with problems in the general areas of signal processing and networking, that come up in the context of building a system to transmit in real time high-quality video signals over certain high speed segments of the public Internet. By high-quality we mean signals encoded at bit rates resulting in the reproduction quality attained by current TV-broadcasts. 
Our presentation is divided into three main chapters: (1) One chapter is dedicated to the problem of defining stochastic models for image subband data. We present a Markov Random Field (MRF) model for this data as well as an algorithm for, given a set of observations, identifying parameters of an MRF likely to have generated the observations. Image subbands have been empirically found not to behave like iid fields: our model captures this property by decomposing the field into the product of two fields, one markovian and stationary, the other independent and non-stationary. (2) Another chapter is dedicated to the problem error-resilient coding of images. We present data compression algorithms whose most salient feature is that their performance degrades gracefully in the presence of erasures: the quality of the decoded images depends only on the amount of data available for decoding, but not on which specific portions of the encoded bit stream are available. These coders represent a significant improvement over the state-of-the-art in the field. (3) A third chapter is dedicated to network modeling and control problems. Our most important contribution is the definition of a network/coder interface for IP networks which gathers channel state information, and then sets parameters of the video coder to maximize the quality of the signal delivered to the receiver, while remaining fair to other data or video connections: this interface plays a role analogous to that of a Leaky Bucket controller, in that it specifies traffic shape parameters which result in simultaneous good Quality of Service (QoS) for the source and good network performance. Experimental studies reveal that the proposed system is able to stream TV-broadcast quality video signals, among hosts in wide-area networks connected to the experimental vBNS backbone.
Demo abstract: CDMA-based IoT services with shared band operation of LTE in 5G (2017)

With the vision of deployment of massive Internet-of-Things (IoTs) in 5G network, existing 4G network and protocols are inefficient to handle sporadic IoT traffic with requirements of low-latency, low control overhead and low power. To suffice these requirements, we propose a design of a PHY/MAC layer using Software Defined Radios (SDRs) that is backward compatible with existing OFDM based LTE protocols and supports CDMA based transmissions for low power IoT devices as well. This demo shows our implemented system based on that design and the viability of the proposal under different network scenarios.
Allogenic induction of thromboplastin synthesis in monocytes and endothelial cells. Biphasic effect of cyclosporin A. (1989)

Monocytes and endothelial cells were stimulated in co-culture with allogeneic lymphocytes to produce thromboplastin (TPL). The induction was biphasic, an early response (8-24 h) was greatly augmented by cyclosporin A (CS) (0.5-5 micrograms/ml) whereas the late response (day 3-4) was inhibited. Prednisolone inhibited both responses. Both drugs inhibited lymphocyte proliferation. Interferon-gamma decreased MLC TPL activity but increased thymidine incorporation. CD4+ cells were instrumental in inducing the early TPL peak in monocytes, whereas CD8+ cells decreased the TPL effect. With endothelial cells both T cell classes were equally effective. Conditioned medium from MLC as well as from co-cultures of endothelial cells and lymphocytes induced early TPL synthesis in endothelial cells. Upon allogeneic stimulation monocytes, but not endothelial cells, produced a significant amount of F-VII, most of which was apparently undercarboxylated.
Additively manufactured ultra-high vacuum chamber below $10^{-10}$ mbar (2019)

Metal-based additive manufacturing (AM) represents a paradigm change in engineering and production methods across multiple industries and sectors. AM methods enable mass reduction and performance optimisation well beyond that achievable via conventional manufacturing, thereby impacting significantly on aerospace and space technologies. Technologies relying on high and ultra-high vacuum (UHV), such as x-ray photo-electron spectroscopy, photo-sensors, cameras and cryostats, could also benefit greatly from AM. Despite recent advances in AM processing of metals, additively manufactured UHV chambers have so far not been achieved. Reducing the mass of UHV equipment is particularly critical for the development of portable cold atom systems, which are expected to underpin the next generation of sensing and timekeeping technologies and to allow novel space-based sensors for fundamental research. We demonstrate here an additively manufactured UHV chamber reaching a pressure below $10^{-10}$ mbar, enabling a cloud of cold $^{85}$Rb atoms to be trapped - the starting point for many precision timekeeping and sensing devices. The chamber is manufactured from aluminium alloy AlSi10Mg by laser powder bed fusion and has a mass of less than a third of a commercially-available equivalent. Outgassing analysis based on mass spectrometry was performed and it was demonstrated that even without active pumping the system remains in the $10^{-9}$ mbar regime for up to 48 hours.
Nickel-base superalloys for USC power plants (2010)

The advanced ultra-supercritical power plants of the future will utilize steam pressures and temperatures that are too high for traditional ferritic steels,thus requiring austenitic materials.Older nickel-base superalloys such as 263 and 617 were initially evaluated under the European THERMIE project beginning in the 1990s.An entirely new age-hardened alloy 740 which possesses exceptional fireside corrosion resistance and creep strength was also developed for boiler tubing capable of serving at 700C.Subsequently,interest in the USA considered other product forms such as steam header piping and steam turbine forgings for service as high as 760C.A more stable and weldable alloy version now called 740H was developed to meet these more demanding conditions.This paper summarizes the current status of work on alloys 740 and 740H.
Vehicle Lightweighting: Challenges and Opportunities with Aluminum (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Castings Linerless Engines Sheet Concluding Remarks Acknowledgements
Navigating large-scale semi-structured data in business portals (2001)

This paper presents several paradigms by which users of Verity business portals (from within as well as from outside an enterprise) discover and navigate relevant semistructured data in corpora with millions of documents. These paradigms include (i) combining free-text and structured queries, (ii) automatic classification, and (iii) personalization.
Time-resolved M^2 of nanosecond pulses from a Q-switched variable-reflectivity-mirror Nd:YAG laser (1992)

Time-resolved M(2) numerical computation and experimental measurements of nanosecond pulses from a Q-switched variable-reflectivity-mirror Nd:YAG laser are presented for the first time to our knowledge. The beam quality parameter is seen to vary approximately from 1 at the beginning to 2 at the end of a high-energy pulse, with a value of 1.35 at the peak of the pulse, which also corresponds to the M(2) obtained from the time-averaged detection of the pulse profile.
Dosimetric characteristics of four PTW microDiamond detectors in high-energy proton beams (2016)

Small diamond detectors are useful for the dosimetry of high-energy proton beams. However, linear energy transfer (LET) dependence has been observed in the literature with such solid state detectors. A novel synthetic diamond detector has recently become commercially available from the manufacturer PTW-Freiburg (PTW microDiamond type 60019). This study was designed to thoroughly characterize four microDiamond detectors in clinical proton beams, in order to investigate their response and their reproducibility in high LET regions. Very good dosimetric characteristics were observed for two of them, with good stability of their response (deviation less than 0.4% after a pre-irradiation dose of approximately 12 Gy), good repeatability (coefficient of variation of 0.06%) and a sensitivity of approximately 0.85 nC Gy(-1). A negligible dose rate dependence was also observed for these two microDiamonds with a deviation of the sensitivity less than 0.7% with respect to the one measured at the reference dose rate of 2.17 Gy min(-1), in the investigated dose rate range from 1.01 Gy min(-1) to 5.52 Gy min(-1). Lateral dose profile measurements showed the high spatial resolution of the microDiamond oriented with its stem perpendicular to the beam axis and with its small sensitive thickness of about 1 μm in the scanning profile direction. Finally, no significant LET dependence was found with these two diamond dosimeters in comparison to a reference ionization chamber (model IBA PPC05). These good results were in accordance to the literature. However, this study showed also a non reproducibility between the devices in terms of stability, sensitivity and LET dependence, since the two other microDiamonds characterized in this work showed different dosimetric characteristics making them not suitable for proton beam dosimetry with a maximum difference of the peak-to-plateau ratio of 6.7% relative to the reference ionization chamber in a clinical 138 MeV proton beam.
Modeling, identification, and control of flexible structures (2002)

The initial results of efforts in the modeling identification, and control of flexible structures, and the four experimental setups in various stages of construction are described. They are a single-link flexible beam, a two-dimensional flexible plate, a two-link flexible manipulator, and a five-axis flexibly jointed robot. For the most mature structure, the single-link flexible beam, the authors develop a general nonlinear dynamical model and its discretized and control results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Practical Management of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation after Noncardiac Surgery (2014)

Danelich, Ilya M. PharmD, BCPSa, *; Lose, Jennifer M. PharmD, BCPSa; Wright, Sampaguita S. PharmD, BCPSa; Asirvatham, Samuel J. MDb, c; Ballinger, Beth A. MD, FACSd; Larson, David W. MD, MBA, FACS, FASCRSe; Lovely, Jenna K. PharmD, BCPSa Author Information
Abstract LB-257: Profiling the effects of IDH1 and IDH2 mutants on the glioma cell metabolome (2011)

Abstract Somatic hotspot mutations in the NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases, IDH1 and IDH2, arise frequently in gliomas. These gliomas include WHO grades II and III oligodendrogliomas and astrocytomas, as well as WHO grade IV secondary glioblastomas. When mutated, IDH1 and IDH2 gain the ability to produce (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) and may dominant-negatively inhibit IDH1-WT. Aside from these specific functions, the downstream effect of these metabolic enzyme mutations on cellular metabolism is unknown. To identify metabolic alterations caused by IDH1 and IDH2 mutants, we used three mass spectrometry methods (GC-MS/MS, LC-MS/MS +ESI, and LC-MS/MS -ESI) to profile &amp;gt;200 biochemicals in lysates of human oligodendroglial cell line (HOG) cells that homologously express IDH1-R132H or IDH2-R172K, which are the most frequent IDH1 and IDH2 mutants in glioma, respectively. To determine whether 2HG production or inhibition of IDH1-WT could mediate similar effects on cellular metabolism as IDH mutant expression, we also analyzed cells treated cells with either 7.5mM or 30mM 2HG as well as cells with stable shRNA knockdown of endogenous IDH1-WT. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering, univariate threshold tests, correlation analysis, and principal component analysis revealed that cells expressing IDH1-R132H and IDH2-R172K have similar metabolite profiles, and that 2HG treatment also results in a similar profile. However, cell with shRNA IDH1 knockdown shared few metabolic features with cells expressing IDH mutants. Metabolite set enrichment analyses revealed that numerous amino acids, N-acetylated amino acids, TCA cycle metabolites, glutathione metabolites, and choline derivatives were markedly altered in IDH-mutant expressing cells. Strikingly, we found that N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (NAAG), a common brain metabolite, is 50-fold reduced in cells expressing IDH1-R132H and &amp;gt;2-fold reduced in human glioma tissues with IDH1-R132H compared to glioma tissues without IDH mutations. This work shows that IDH mutants can induce widespread cellular metabolic changes. Additionally, the metabolites that were found to be altered in this study may play a role in glioma pathogenesis and may be useful for diagnosis or treatment for gliomas. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-257. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-257
A Corrosion Sensor for Monitoring the Early-Stage Environmental Corrosion of A36 Carbon Steel (2014)

An innovative prototype sensor containing A36 carbon steel as a capacitor was explored to monitor early-stage corrosion. The sensor detected the changes of the surface- rather than the bulk- property and morphology of A36 during corrosion. Thus it was more sensitive than the conventional electrical resistance corrosion sensors. After being soaked in an aerated 0.2 M NaCl solution, the sensor's normalized electrical resistance (<i>R</i>/<i>R</i>₀) decreased continuously from 1.0 to 0.74 with the extent of corrosion. Meanwhile, the sensor's normalized capacitance (<i>C</i>/<i>C</i>₀) increased continuously from 1.0 to 1.46. X-ray diffraction result indicates that the iron rust on A36 had crystals of lepidocrocite and magnetite.
Near-Surface S-Velocities, Statics, and Anisotropy Estimated from Scholte Waves (2002)

F-28 NEAR-SURFACE S-VELOCITIES STATICS AND ANISOTROPY ESTIMATED FROM SCHOLTE WAVES 1 E. Muyzert 1 J.H. Kommedal 2 K. Iranpour 3 B. Olofsson 4 1) Schlumberger Cambridge Research High Cross Madingley Road Cambridge CB3 0EL U.K 2) BP Sunbury U.K. 3) WesternGeco Asker Norway 4) WesternGeco Gatwick U.K. Abstract We present a method to estimate the near-surface S-velocity and converted-wave static corrections for multicomponent ocean bottom seismic (OBS) surveys using Scholte waves. The method is applied to a 3D 4C OBS survey over the Valhall field. In addition we show that Scholte waves can be used to detect shallow azimuthal anisotropy.
The intersection of evolutionary computation and explainable AI (2022)

In the past decade, Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has attracted a great interest in the research community, motivated by the need for explanations in critical AI applications. Some recent advances in XAI are based on Evolutionary Computation (EC) techniques, such as Genetic Programming. We call this trend EC for XAI. We argue that the full potential of EC methods has not been fully exploited yet in XAI, and call the community for future efforts in this field. Likewise, we find that there is a growing concern in EC regarding the explanation of population-based methods, i.e., their search process and outcomes. While some attempts have been done in this direction (although, in most cases, those are not explicitly put in the context of XAI), we believe that there are still several research opportunities and open research questions that, in principle, may promote a safer and broader adoption of EC in real-world applications. We call this trend XAI within EC. In this position paper, we briefly overview the main results in the two above trends, and suggest that the EC community may play a major role in the achievement of XAI.