gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Flexible Synthesis and Biological Activity of Uronic Acid-Type gem-Diamine 1-N-Iminosugars:  A New Family of Glycosidase Inhibitors (1999)

An efficient and flexible synthetic route to four gem-diamine 1-N-iminosugars of uronic acid-type (D-glucuronic, D-mannuronic, L-iduronic, and L-guluronic acid), a new family of glycosidase inhibitor, from l-galactono-1,4-lactone have been developed in an enantiodivergent fashion through a sequence involving as the key steps (a) the formation of gem-diamine 1-N-iminopyranose ring by the Mitsunobu reaction of an aminal and (b) the introduction of a carboxylic acid group by the Wittig reaction of a ketone, hydroboration and oxidation, and the Sharpless oxidation. D-Glucuronic and D-mannuronic acid-type 1-N-iminosugars, (3S,4R,5R, 6R)- and (3S,4R,5R,6S)-4, 5-dihydroxy-6-trifluoroacetamido-3-piperidinecarboxylic acid, were proven to be potent inhibitors for beta-D-glucuronidase (IC(50) 6.5 x 10(-)(8)M) and to affect human heparanase (endo-beta-glucuronidase).
An Analysis of Temperature and Humidity in student housing using a Raspberry Pi: Technical Report (2017)

The background to this project relates to the “why” of the project, as in why complete this project? This can be answered from two perspectives, the personal interest in the Raspberry Pi and its applications in everyday life and the application of complex programming in order to complete a complex project.&#13;\n&#13;\nAs a student, this writer believes that student housing standards are important. The project, which aims to detect mould growth conditions in student housing, may be beneficial to students and landlords who wish to maintain healthy living conditions in accommodation environments. Throughout the research conducted, there is a reoccurring issue with the presence of particular moulds, as they can be directly harmful to humans and animals but can also indirectly cause issues such as life-long respiratory diseases and illnesses. The detection of mould may also identify conditions that are unhealthy or may add to existing medical conditions.&#13;\n&#13;\nAlso as a computing student, this writer is interested in the applications of Raspberry Pi in ordinary life and how it can be developed to automate or streamline many tasks. These different tasks can be completed from one system and reduce the number of devices needed in a domestic setting or even a commercial setting.
Infrared multiphoton photophysics: Decomposition of CnF2n+1I (n = 1, 2, 3) (1982)

The title compounds have been subjected to unfocused radiation from a high-power CO2-TEA laser under collisionless conditions in a mass spectrometric flow system (VLPO/ method). We report absolute photodissociation yields as a function of fluence for CF3I and C3F7I. In the case of CF3I, we find high yields (100%) at fluences ?4 J/cm2, whereas for C3F7I yields level off at 20%–30%, depending on the wavelength. Secondary photolysis of Ċ2F5 and Ċ3F7 at fluences ?2.5 J/cm2 yields CF2 and ĊF3, but no C2F4. Interpretation of data in terms of a log–normal cumulative distribution function of reaction times or fluence suggests that CF3I interacts homogeneously with the laser field at 1070 and 1083 cm−1, but possibly inhomogeneously at 1076 cm−1, whereas C3F7I represents an inhomogeneous interaction case at all wavelengths. Based upon our photodissociation yields and the validity of a master equation representation, we calculate the infrared absorption spectrum of C3F7I as a function of internal energy.
55-mW, 1.2-V, 12-bit, 100-MSPS Pipeline ADCs for Wireless Receivers (2008)

For wireless receivers, low-power 1.2-V 12-bit 100-MSPS pipeline ADCs are fabricated in 90-nm CMOS technology. To achieve low-power dissipation at 1.2V without the degradation of SNR, the configuration of 2.5bit/stage is employed with an I/Q amplifier sharing technique. Furthermore, single-stage pseudo-differential amplifiers are used in a Sample-and-Hold (S/H) circuit and a 1st Multiplying Digital-to-Analog Converter (MDAC). The pseudo-differential amplifier with two-gain-stage transimpedance gain-boosting amplifiers realizes high DC gain of more than 90dB with low power. The measured SNR of the 100-MSPS ADC is 66.7dB at 1.2-V supply. Under that condition, each ADC dissipates only 55mW.
Supplementary Figure 3L from Aberrant Silencing of Cancer-Related Genes by CpG Hypermethylation Occurs Independently of Their Spatial Organization in the Nucleus (2023)

Supplementary Figure 3L from Aberrant Silencing of Cancer-Related Genes by CpG Hypermethylation Occurs Independently of Their Spatial Organization in the Nucleus
Abstract 14651: Injection of Cardiac Stem Cells in Utero is Able to Improve Postnatal Cardiac Function in Mice With a Defect in Striated Preferentially Expressed Gene (2013)

Introduction: Myosin light chain kinases are proteins important for myocyte function, and the striated preferentially expressed gene (Speg) is a member of this family. Disruption of the Speg gene locus in mice leads to neonatal cardiomyopathy. Recent data also suggest that cardiac stem cells (CSCs) from Speg mutant mice have defects in clone formation, growth, and differentiation. Hypothesis: Administration of wild-type CSCs in utero can rescue Speg mutant mice from cardiac dysfunction after birth. Methods: c-kit+ CSCs were isolated from wild-type mice using fluorescence-activated cell sorting or magnetic beads. Exogenous CSCs were injected into hearts at embryonic day 13.5, using micro-ultrasound guidance, and echocardiograms were performed 6 hours after birth. Heart tissue was harvested after the functional assessment, and immunostaining was performed. Results: Echocardiograms revealed that Speg mutant compared with wild-type mice had a significant decrease in left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF...
Electro-optics sensor with embedded edge AI-computing for atmospheric turbulence refractive index structure parameter (C_n^2) sensing at high temporal resolution (2022)

An electro-optics system (TurbNet sensor) composed of a remotely located laser beacon, optical receiver telescope with a CCD camera capturing short-exposure intensity scintillation patterns, and deep neural network (DNN)-based processor implemented on Jetson Xavier Nx embedded AI-computing platform was developed and utilized for real-time sensing of the atmospheric turbulence refractive index structure parameter (2<sup>C</sup><sub>n</sub>) over a 7 km propagation path at high temporal resolution.
Transport and metabolism of raffinose family oligosaccharides in transgenic potato (2006)

Raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) are involved in the storage and transport of carbon and serve as compatible solutes for protection against abiotic stresses like drought or cold. RFOs are usually transported in plant species that load sugars symplastically into the phloem. Loading probably occurs by a polymer trapping mechanism which establishes a concentration gradient of assimilates between the mesophyll and the vasculature. Transgenic approaches have demonstrated phloem transport of small molecules produced in the companion cells of apoplastic loading species, but these molecules have been non-native transport substances to plants. In this study, transgenic potato plants with constitutive or companion cell specific overexpression of galactinol synthase (GS) or GS plus raffinose synthase (RS) are characterized, which together provide new insights into the metabolism and transport of RFOs in plants. It is demonstrated that raffinose and galactinol are both transported in the phloem and that, whilst the effect of GS overexpression is promoter-independent, that of RS is dependent on the promoter used. The presence of significant amounts of galactinol in the phloem is shown and also that transgenic potato is unable to transport large amounts of raffinose despite high RS expression and substrate concentrations. These data indicate that there may be additional features of intermediary cells, the specialized companion cells of RFO transporting plants, required for significant RFO synthesis and transport that are currently not well-understood.
ADOPTIVE IMMUNITY IN IMMUNE-DEFICIENT scid/scid MICE (1988)

Using a model system in which mature lymphocytes were adoptively transferred into immunodeficient C.B17-scid/scid recipients, the requirement for CD4+ T cells in rejection of previously healed-in multiple minor-H-antigen-disparate skin grafts was investigated. Depletion of functional CD4+ cells was accomplished by anti-CD4 antibody + complement treatment prior to adoptive transfer followed by chronic anti-CD4 serotherapy in vivo. Homozygous scid mice harboring nondepleted naive donor cells effectively rejected minor-H-antigen-disparate grafts, whereas scid/scid mice harboring CD4+ T-cell-depleted naive cells did not. Homozygous scid mice harboring minor-H-antigen-primed cells rejected the minor-H-antigen-disparate allografts regardless of whether or not the animals had received anti-CD4 treatment, although rejection by the mice receiving anti-CD4 treatment was retarded compared to mice not receiving anti-CD4 treatment. All the mice that received viable donor cells rejected minor + H-2 disparate allografts, demonstrating effective immunity in this case was not dependent upon the activity of CD4+ T cells. These data suggest that in responses against multiple minor-H-antigen-disparate tissue, primary allograft rejection is absolutely dependent upon CD4+ cells, and secondary allograft rejection is not. The implications of these findings in understanding interactions of T cell subsets in vivo and of the utility of using homozygous scid mice as recipients for exploring the function of transferred lymphoid cell populations are discussed.
Pantoprazole induced severe acute hepatitis (2010)

Introduction: Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor, which is well tolerated and the incidence of adverse effects is relatively low. However, the incidence of pantoprozole induced hepatotoxicity is unclear. We present a case of acute severe hepatitis induced by pantoprazole that was reversible after discontinuation of the drug.
Supplementary Figure and Table Legends from Direct Detection and Quantification of Neoantigens (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure and Table Legends&lt;/p&gt;
Effect of electrode parameters in the electro‐production of reactive oxidizing species via boron‐doped diamond under batch mode (2022)

Ozone and hydroxyl radicals (<sup>•</sup> OH) are powerful reactive oxidizing species (ROS) that are commonly utilized in water disinfection. The electrochemical advanced oxidation process (EAOP) is often used to generate such oxidants, whereas optimizing its experimental setup and electrode parameters plays a crucial role in its performance. This research aims to find the optimal setup for ROS generation process from tap water via the boron-doped diamond. The effect of electrode's active area, type of electrode substrates (mesh or sheet), type of mesh substrate (rolled and unrolled), and number of anodes and cathodes are examined. The results showed that the use of two long-rolled BDD/Nb meshes as anode and one long-rolled mesh as a cathode gives the optimal performance of electrolysis process at 15 V potential and 3 min. These results will provide a start for developing a cost accepted, health-safe, household disinfection device that reduces susceptibility to human life-threatening waterborne diseases. PRACTITIONER POINTS: This research aims to find the optimal setup for ROS generation process from tap water via the boron-doped diamond. The effect of electrode's parameters on the electro-production of ROS is examined. The best performance is achieved using rolled mesh electrodes. Two long-rolled BDD/Nb meshes as anode electrodes and one long-rolled mesh cathode electrode give the optimal electrolysis process performance.
Origami Inductors: Rapid Folding of 3-D Coils on a Laser Cutter (2018)

Origami manufacturing, the use of folding to create 3-D shapes using 2-D fabrication tools and techniques, is a promising avenue for creating low cost parts. In this letter, we demonstrate the hands-free cutting and folding of 3-D inductor geometries from blank metal foil using only a 2-D laser cutter. Laser forming, localized laser heating to create thermal stresses to deform a workpiece, is used to fold traces out of plane without manual handling. The laser forming of thin copper foil is first characterized, followed by cutting and folding of two 3-D inductors: a three-turn planar coil with folded overpass and a twelve-turn toroid. The planar coil was found to have inductance 199 nH and peak quality factor of 99.7 at 54.7 MHz, while the toroid had inductance 159 nH with peak quality factor 64.9 at 86.7 MHz. With laser cutters, one of the most widely available machine tools, this technology allows custom, high performance electrical passives to be rapidly fabricated without specialized equipment.
Decoding network-mediated retinal response to electrical stimulation: implications for fidelity of prosthetic vision (2020)

Abstract Objective Patients with the photovoltaic subretinal implant PRIMA demonstrated letter acuity by ~0.1 logMAR worse than the sampling limit for 100μm pixels (1.3 logMAR) and performed slower than healthy subjects, which exceeded the sampling limit at equivalently pixelated images by ~0.2 logMAR. To explore the underlying differences between the natural and prosthetic vision, we compare the fidelity of the retinal response to visual and subretinal electrical stimulation through single-cell modeling and ensemble decoding. Approach Responses of the retinal ganglion cells (RGC) to optical or electrical (1mm diameter arrays, 75μm pixels) white noise stimulation in healthy and degenerate rat retinas were recorded via MEA. Each RGC was fit with linear-non-linear (LN) and convolutional neural network (CNN) models. To characterize RGC noise level, we compared statistics of the spike-triggered average (STA) in RGCs responding to electrical or visual stimulation of healthy and degenerate retinas. At the population level, we constructed a linear decoder to determine the certainty with which the ensemble of RGCs can support the N -way discrimination tasks. Main results Although LN and CNN models can match the natural visual responses pretty well (correlation ~0.6), they fit significantly worse to spike timings elicited by electrical stimulation of the healthy retina (correlation ~0.15). In the degenerate retina, response to electrical stimulation is equally bad. The signal-to-noise ratio of electrical STAs in degenerate retinas matched that of the natural responses when 78±6.5% of the spikes were replaced with random timing. However, the noise in RGC responses contributed minimally to errors in the ensemble decoding. The determining factor in accuracy of decoding was the number of responding cells. To compensate for fewer responding cells under electrical stimulation than in natural vision, larger number of presentations of the same stimulus are required to deliver sufficient information for image decoding. Significance Slower than natural pattern identification by patients with the PRIMA implant may be explained by the lower number of electrically activated cells than in natural vision, which is compensated by a larger number of the stimulus presentations.
Defective endothelial cell migration in the absence of Cdc42 leads to capillary-venous malformations (2018)

Formation and homeostasis of the vascular system requires several coordinated cellular functions, but their precise interplay during development and their relative importance for vascular pathologies remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the endothelial functions regulated by Cdc42 and their <i>in vivo</i> relevance during angiogenic sprouting and vascular morphogenesis in the postnatal mouse retina. We found that Cdc42 is required for endothelial tip cell selection, directed cell migration and filopodia formation, but dispensable for cell proliferation or apoptosis. Although the loss of Cdc42 seems generally compatible with apical-basal polarization and lumen formation in retinal blood vessels, it leads to defective endothelial axial polarization and to the formation of severe vascular malformations in capillaries and veins. Tracking of Cdc42-depleted endothelial cells in mosaic retinas suggests that these capillary-venous malformations arise as a consequence of defective cell migration, when endothelial cells that proliferate at normal rates are unable to re-distribute within the vascular network.
Peak PWM current control of switched reluctance and AC machines (2003)

Fast response and insensitivity to parameter variation are among the most desired characteristics for current regulators in electric drives. This paper presents a new switching strategy with current regulation for switched reluctance machines (SRM), and the same concept is extended to other inverter fed AC machines to achieve instantaneous torque response. The technique is based on detecting the peak current in each phase and regulating the current by turning off the phase when the phase current reaches the commanded current, and turning on the phase at the leading edge of the clock signal at a fixed frequency. This peak-PWM current regulation (PPWMCR) strategy offers instantaneous torque response, fixed switching frequency, robustness, stability, inherent protection, no tuning, and simple implementation. The paper discusses detailed PPWMCR implementation for SRM and AC machines. Experimental results are presented to compare PPWMCR with hysteresis (HCR), delta modulation (DCR), and proportional-integral-PWM (PI-PWMCR) current regulators for a four phase SRM.
A Photoswitchable Solvatochromic Dye for Probing Membrane Ordering by RESOLFT Super‐resolution Microscopy** (2023)

A switchable solvatochromic fluorescent dyad can be used to map ordering of lipids in vesicle membranes at a resolution better than the diffraction limit. Combining a Nile Red fluorophore with a photochromic spironaphthoxazine quencher allows the fluorescence to be controlled using visible light, via photoswitching and FRET quenching. Synthetic lipid vesicles of varying composition were imaged with an average 2.5-fold resolution enhancement, compared to the confocal images. Ratiometric detection was used to probe the membrane polarity, and domains of different lipid ordering were distinguished within the same membrane.
Biaxial Mechanical Evaluation of Planar Biological Materials (2006)

A fundamental goal in constitutive modeling is to predict the mechanical behavior of a material under a generalized loading state. To achieve this goal, rigorous experimentation involving all relevant deformations is necessary to obtain both the form and material constants of a strain-energy density function. For both natural biological tissues and tissue-derived soft biomaterials, there exist many physiological, surgical, and medical device applications where rigorous constitutive models are required. Since biological tissues are generally considered incompressible, planar biaxial testing allows for a two-dimensional stress-state that can be used to characterize fully their mechanical properties. Application of biaxial testing to biological tissues initially developed as an extension of the techniques developed for the investigation of rubber elasticity [43, 57]. However, whereas for rubber-like materials the continuum scale is that of large polymer molecules, it is at the fiber-level (∼l μm) for soft biological tissues. This is underscored by the fact that the fibers that comprise biological tissues exhibit finite nonlinear stress-strain responses and undergo large strains and rotations, which together induce complex mechanical behaviors not easily accounted for in classic constitutive models. Accounting for these behaviors by careful experimental evaluation and formulation of a constitutive model continues to be a challenging area in biomechanics. The focus of this paper is to describe a history of the application of biaxial testing techniques to soft planar tissues, their relation to relevant modern biomechanical constitutive theories, and important future trends.
6agonist selectivity determinants in somatostatin receptor subtypes I and II. (1994)

The biological activities of the peptide hormone somatostatin are mediated through a recently identified family of G-protein-linked receptors. A number of somatostatin analogs have been characterized with selective affinities for particular somatostatin receptor subtypes. Using one such molecule (MK-678), we have delineated receptor regions that determine analog selectivity in the murine Type 1 and Type 2 somatostatin receptors. We find that the regions about the second and third extracellular loops of these two receptors contain the determinants for MK-678 selectivity and affinity.
GIS와 Web을 통합한 모바일 지역정보 검색 시스템 (2005)

인터넷 기술의 발전과 웹 사용자의 증가로 웹에는 매우 많은 정보들이 축적되고 있으며, 여기에는 또한 매우 많은 지역정보가 존재한다. 일반적으로 웹 정보라고 하는 것은 웹의 컨텐츠, 사용이력, 구조를 중심으로 한 정보이며, 이러한 정보를 하나의 중요한 공간 정보원으로 취급하여 웹으로부터 특정 지역에 관한 컨텐츠를 수집하고 이를 분석하여 사용자의 공간 정보원으로서 사용할 수 있다. 또한 인터넷, 무선통신, 지리정보시스템(GIS), 위치기반서비스(LBS) 등의 기술들이 모바일기기에 복합적으로 접목되면서 모바일기기에서의 새로운 형태의 정보에 대한 응용이 요구되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 웹 환경을 활용하고, 모바일 환경을 고려하여 GIS와 Web을 통합한 모바일 지역정보 검색 시스템을 제안한다.
Rescue of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells formation in plcg1 zebrafish mutant (2019)

Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) in zebrafish emerge from the aortic hemogenic endothelium (HE) and migrate towards the caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT), where they expand and differentiate during definitive hematopoiesis. Phospholipase C gamma 1 (Plcγ1) has been implicated for hematopoiesis in vivo and in vitro and is also required to drive arterial and HSPC formation. Genetic mutation in plcg1<sup>-/-</sup> (y10 allele) completely disrupts the aortic blood flow, specification of arterial fate, and HSPC formation in zebrafish embryos. We previously demonstrated that ginger treatment promoted definitive hematopoiesis via Bmp signaling. In this paper, we focus on HSPC development in plcg1<sup>-/-</sup> mutants and show that ginger/10-gingerol (10-G) can rescue the expression of arterial and HSPC markers in the HE and CHT in plcg1<sup>-/-</sup> mutant embryos. We demonstrate that ginger can induce scl/runx1 expression, and that rescued HE fate is dependent on Bmp and Notch. Bmp and Notch are known to regulate nitric oxide (NO) production and NO can induce hematopoietic stem cell fate. We show that ginger produces a robust up-regulation of NO. Taken together, we suggest in this paper that Bmp, Notch and NO are potential players that mediate the effect of ginger/10-G for rescuing the genetic defects in blood vessel specification and HSPC formation in plcg1<sup>-/-</sup> mutants. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of HSPC development in vivo is critical for understanding HSPC expansion, which will have a positive impact in regenerative medicine.
A dielectrophoretic particle and cell concentrator (2004)

An experimental and theoretical study is described concerning the dielectric motion of particles in a suspension subject to high-gradient AC electric fields. The experiments were performed on very dilute suspensions of polystyrene latex beads in DI water. Several experiments were run using channels designed with Sandia National Laboratories' SwIFT/sup /spl trade// (Surface Micromachining with Integrated Fluidic Technologies) process. The SwIFT/sup /spl trade// process allows for the closest spacing of electrodes achievable using photolithographic patterning. A sinusoidal AC electric field was applied between two electrodes using 10 V peak-to-peak (ptp) and 30 MHz. Negative dielectrophoresis is observed with particles moving towards the low field gradient. The Computational Fluid Dynamics Research Corporation Code (CFDRC) was used to calculate the field gradient. Particle polarizability was calculated by measuring the concentration dependence of the permittivity at specified frequencies using an impedance analyzer.