gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metabolic Abnormalities in Abstinent Methamphetamine Dependent Subjects (2010)

INTRODUCTION: Chronic methamphetamine use results in persistent neuropsychological deficits in abstinent methamphetamine dependent (AMD) subjects. We examined the hypothesis that elevated concentration of cerebral glutamate (Glu), an excitatory neurotransmitter and neurotoxin, occurs in human AMD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined 40 subjects, 18 of whom were AMD, abstinent more than 3 weeks and 22 were age matched controls. A Structured Clinical Interview was applied to exclude AMD with comorbid depression. We used TE-Averaged technique of MRS to uniquely identify and quantify the glutamate resonance at 2.35 ppm on a 3T clinical MR scanner. Statistics, including Bonferroni correction for multiple MRS variables were applied. RESULTS: Glu was significantly higher in frontal white matter of AMD (+19%, P = 0.01) and N-acetylaspartate (NAA), an axonal marker, was lower (−14%, P = 0.004). No significant MRS abnormalities were detected in posterior gray matter. Significant correlations were observed between NAA and Glu (P = 0.002 for AMD and P = 0.06 for controls in the posterior gray matter and P = 0.01 for controls and not significant for AMD in the frontal white matter). CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate a significant excess of glutamate in frontal white matter of AMD subjects and offer support for the hypothesis that methamphetamine abuse may exert its long-term neuro-toxicity via glutamate.
Reviews (1982)

Afrocommunism by David and Marina Ottaway Holmes and Meier Publishers, Inc., New York, 1981. vii plus 237 pp. including references and index. $24,50. $12,50 paperback. The Political Economy of Underdevelopment: Dependence in Senegal edited by Rita Cruise O'Brien SAGE Publications, Beverly Hills (California) and London, 1979. 277 pp. including maps, tables, graphs and an annotated bibliography. R.34,45. Writers in Politics by Ngugi wa Thiong'o Heinemann, London, 1981. 142 pp. including index. £2,95 paperback. General History of Africa, Volume I: Methodology and African Prehistory edited by J. Ki‐Zerbo. UNESCO, Paris, Heinemann, London, and University of California Press, Berkeley (California), 1981. xxvii plus 819 pp. including illustrations, figures, tables, bibliography and index. £13,50. General History of Africa, Volume II: Ancient Civilizations’ of Africa edited by G. Mokhtar. UNESCO, Paris, Heinemann, London, and University of California Press, Berkeley (California), 1981. xviii plus 804 pp. including illustrations, figures, bibliography and index. £13,50. The African Nexus: Black American Perspectives on the Partitioning of Africa, 1880–1920 by Sylvia M. Jacobs. Greenwood Press, Westport (Connecticut), 1981. xiv plus 311 pp. including bibliography and index. $27,50. The American People and South Africa: Publics, Elites and Policy‐Making Processes edited by Alfred O. Hero, Jr. and John Barratt. Lexington Books, Lexington (Massachusetts), D. C. Heath and Co., Toronto, and David Philip, Cape Town, 1981. ix plus 229 pp. including index. R.15,00 paperback. Changing South Africa: Political Considerations by Sam C. Nolutshungu. Manchester University Press, Manchester, and David Philip, Cape Town, 1982. xvii plus 219 pp. including tables, bibliography and index. R.30,00. R12,00 paperback. The Constellation of Southern African States and the Southern African Development Co‐ordination Council: Towards a New Regional Stalemate? by Deon Geldenhuys. South African Institute of International Affairs, Johannesburg, January 1981. 54 pp. R.3,50. Some Foreign Policy Implications of South Africa's “Total National Strategy” with Particular Reference to the “12‐Point Plan” by Deon Geldenhuys. South African Institute of International Affairs, Johannesburg, March 1981. 63 pp. including appendix and postscript. R.3,50. Studies in the Social and Economic History of the Witwatersrand, 1886–1914, Volume 1: New Babylon by Charles van Onselen. Longman, London, and Ravan Press, Johannesburg, 1982. xvii plus 213 pp. including tables, maps, illustrations, bibliography and index. £4,95 paperback. Studies in the Social and Economic History of the Witwatersrand, 1886–1914, Volume a: New Nineveh by Charles van Onselen Longman, London; and Ravan Press, Johannesburg, 1982. x plus 220 pp. including tables, diagrams, maps, illustrations, bibliography and index. £4,95 paperback. Portugal in Africa: The Last Hundred Years by Malyn Newitt C. Hurst and Co., London, 1981. x plus 278 pp. including maps, glossary, bibliographical guide, select bibliography and index. £11,50. £4,95 paperback.
Joint Optimization of Beam-Hopping Design and NOMA-Assisted Transmission for Flexible Satellite Systems (2022)

Next-generation satellite systems require more flexibility in resource management such that available radio resources can be dynamically allocated to meet time-varying and non-uniform traffic demands. Considering potential benefits of beam hopping (BH) and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), we exploit the time-domain flexibility in multi-beam satellite systems by optimizing BH design, and enhance the power-domain flexibility via NOMA. In this paper, we investigate the synergy and mutual influence of beam hopping and NOMA. We jointly optimize power allocation, beam scheduling, and terminal-timeslot assignment to minimize the gap between requested traffic demand and offered capacity. In the solution development, we formally prove the NP-hardness of the optimization problem. Next, we develop a bounding scheme to tightly gauge the global optimum and propose a suboptimal algorithm to enable efficient resource assignment. Numerical results demonstrate the benefits of combining NOMA and BH, and validate the superiority of the proposed BH-NOMA schemes over benchmarks.
Data from A Designer Cross-reactive DNA Immunotherapeutic Vaccine that Targets Multiple MAGE-A Family Members Simultaneously for Cancer Therapy (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;Cancer/testis antigens have emerged as attractive targets for cancer immunotherapy. Clinical studies have targeted MAGE-A3, a prototype antigen that is a member of the MAGE-A family of antigens, in melanoma and lung carcinoma. However, these studies have not yet had a significant impact due to poor CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell immunogenicity, platform toxicity, or perhaps limited target antigen availability. In this study, we develop an improved MAGE-A immunogen with cross-reactivity to multiple family members.&lt;/p&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;p&gt;In this study, we analyzed MAGE-A expression in The Cancer Genome Atlas and observed that many patients express multiple MAGE-A isoforms, not limited to MAGE-A3, simultaneously in diverse tumors. On the basis of this, we designed an optimized consensus MAGE-A DNA vaccine capable of cross-reacting with many MAGE-A isoforms, and tested immunogenicity and antitumor activity of this vaccine in a relevant autochthonous melanoma model.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;Immunization of this MAGE-A vaccine by electroporation in C57Bl/6 mice generated robust IFNγ and TNFα CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell responses as well as cytotoxic CD107a/IFNγ/T-bet triple-positive responses against multiple isoforms. Furthermore, this MAGE-A DNA immunogen generated a cross-reactive immune response in 14 of 15 genetically diverse, outbred mice. We tested the antitumor activity of this MAGE-A DNA vaccine in &lt;i&gt;Tyr::CreER;BRAF&lt;sup&gt;Ca/+&lt;/sup&gt;;Pten&lt;sup&gt;lox/lox&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt; transgenic mice that develop melanoma upon tamoxifen induction. The MAGE-A DNA therapeutic vaccine significantly slowed tumor growth and doubled median mouse survival.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;These results support the clinical use of consensus MAGE-A immunogens with the capacity to target multiple MAGE-A family members to prevent tumor immune escape.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Electrical properties of Y1-based ferroelectric gate MOS capacitors for nonvolatile memory applications (1999)

Abstract Ferroelectric gate MOS capacitors using the “Y-1” family of ferroelectric materials were evaluated. The capacitors were formed by connecting the ferroelectric capacitor and the MIS capacitor in series. The experimental results show the dependence of the memory window on the ferroelectric/insulator capacitance ratios, which gives some useful information on the design of MFSFETs.
Restoration solutions for plasma-damaged Ultra Low k for the 45nm technology node and beyond (2007)

International audience
Introduction (2020)

Abstract Recently, big data analysis results are expected to be used in various situations such as medical or industrial fields for new medicine or product development. For this reason, it is important to establish a secure infrastructure of the collection, analysis, and use of big data. We need to consider mainly three entities for the infrastructure: data owner, analysis institutions, and users. This research pays attention to a balance between privacy and utilization and also realizes appropriate reduction and feedback of the data analysis results to the data owners.
Characterization and Validation of Arg286 Residue of IL-1RAcP as a Potential Drug Target for Osteoarthritis (2021)

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and the fastest growing cause of chronic disability in the world. Formation of the ternary IL-1β /IL-1R1/IL-1RAcP protein complex and its downstream signaling has been implicated in osteoarthritis pathology. Current OA therapeutic approaches target either the cytokine IL-1β or the primary receptor IL-1RI but do not exploit the potential of the secondary receptor IL-1RAcP. Our previous work implicated the Arg286 residue of IL-1RAcP as a key mediator of complex formation. Molecular modeling confirmed Arg286 as a high-energy mediator of the ternary IL-1β complex architecture and interaction network. Anti-IL-1RAcP monoclonal antibodies (mAb) targeting the Arg286 residue were created and were shown to effectively reduce the influx of inflammatory cells to damaged joints in a mouse model of osteoarthritis. Inhibitory peptides based on the native sequence of IL-1RAcP were prepared and examined for efficacy at disrupting the complex formation. The most potent peptide inhibitor had an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 304 pM in a pull-down model of complex formation, and reduced IL-1β signaling in a cell model by 90% at 2 μM. Overall, therapies that target the Arg286 region surface of IL-1RAcP, and disrupt subsequent interactions with subunits, have the potential to serve as next generation treatments for osteoarthritis.
An embedded adaptive multi-rate wideband speech coder (2002)

This paper presents a multi-rate wideband speech coder with bit rates from 8 to 32 kb/s. The coder uses a splitband approach, where the input signal, sampled at 16 kHz, is split into two equal frequency bands from 0-4 kHz and 4-8 kHz, each of which is decimated to an 8 kHz sampling rate. The lower band is coded using the adaptive multi-rate (AMR) family of high-quality narrowband speech coders, while the higher band is represented by a simple but effective parametric model. A complete solution including this wideband speech coder, channel coding for various GSM channels, and dynamic rate adaptation, easily passed all Selection Rules and ranked second overall in the 3GPP AMR Wideband Selection Testing. Besides the high performance, additional advantages of the embedded split-band approach include ease of implementation, reduced complexity, and simplified interoperation with narrowband speech coders.
Growth of perpendicularly magnetized thin films on a polymer buffer and voltage-induced change of magnetic anisotropy at the MgO|CoFeB interface (2015)

We show that perpendicularly magnetized thin films can be grown onto polyimide, a potentially flexible substrate. With polar Kerr magnetometry, we demonstrate that the coercive field of CoFeB thin film can be modulated by applying a back gate voltage. Our proposed multi-layered structure is suitable for surface-sensitive measurements of the voltage-induced change in anisotropy, and could be used to realize flexible spintronics devices.
Liquids That Freeze When Mixed: Cocrystallization and Liquid–Liquid Equilibrium in Polyoxacyclobutane–Water Mixtures (2018)

We show that liquid polyoxacyclobutane −[CH2–CH2–CH2–O]n– when mixed with water at room temperature precipitates solid cocrystals of the polymer and water. Cocrystals can also be formed by simply exposing the liquid polymer to saturated humidity. This appears to be the only known example of nonreacting liquids combining to form a solid cocrystal, also known as a clatherate, at room temperature. At high temperatures, the same polymer–water mixtures phase separate into two coexisting liquid phases. This combination of cocrystal formation and LCST-type liquid–liquid equilibrium gives rise to an unusual, possibly unique, type of phase diagram.
Denoising of depth-resolved, label-free, two-photon images using deep-learning-based algorithms (2023)

The potential to differentiate between diseased and healthy tissue has been demonstrated through the extraction of morphological and functional metrics from label-free, two-photon images. Acquiring such images as fast as possible without compromising their diagnostic and functional content is critical for clinical translation of two-photon imaging. Computational restoration methods have demonstrated impressive recovery of image quality and important biological information. However, access to large clinical datasets has hampered advancement of denoising algorithms. Here, we seek to demonstrate the application of denoising algorithms on depth-resolved two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) images with specific focus on recovery of functional metabolic metrics. Datasets were generated through the collection of images of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) (NAD(P)H) and flavoproteins from freshly excised rat cheek epithelium. Image datasets were patched across depth, generating 1012, 256-by-256 patches. A well-known U-net architecture was trained on 6628 low-signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) patches from a previously collected large dataset and later retrained on a smaller 620 low-SNR patches dataset before being validated and evaluated on 88 and 304 low-SNR patches, respectively, using a structural similarity index measure (SSIM) loss function. We demonstrate models trained on larger datasets of human cervical tissue could be used to successfully restore metabolic metrics with an improvement in image quality when applied to rat cheek epithelium images. These results motivate further exploration of weight transfer for denoising of small clinical two-photon microscopy datasets.
MEMS optical tunable filter based on free-standing subwavelength silicon layers (2014)

We report a MEMS optical tunable filter based on high-aspect-ratio etching of sub-wavelength silicon layers on a silicon- on-insulator wafer. The reported filter has measured free-spectral and filter-tuning ranges of approximately 100 nm and a finesse of about 20 around a wavelength of 1550 nm, enabled by the use of 1000 nm-thick silicon layers and a balanced tilt-free motion using a lithographically-aligned electrostatic actuator. The average insertion loss of the filter is about 12 dB with a superior wavelength-dependent loss of about 1.5 dB. The filter has an out-of-band to in-band wavelength rejection ratio that is better than 20 dB. The reported filter experimental characteristics and its integrability are suitable for the production of integrated swept sources for optical coherence tomography application and miniaturized spectrometers.
Segmental Mandibular Regeneration by Distraction Osteogenesis: An Experimental Study (1990)

We report the use of distraction osteogenesis for segmental mandibular regeneration. This technique has been used in thousands of patients in the Soviet Union to regenerate as much as 30 cm of tubular bone in the extremities. However, we are unaware of previous experimental or clinical reports of segmental mandibular regeneration by distraction osteogenesis. In a canine model, 2.5-cm segmental mandibular defects were filled with regenerate bone in 25 days at a rate of 1.0 mm/d using bifocal distraction osteogenesis. The diameters of the regenerate segments were comparable with preexisting mandible, and all animals resumed normal oromandibular function following regeneration. The regenerate bone was evaluated radiographically, angiographically, and histologically. In the control group without distraction osteogenesis, the segmental defects failed to fill with regenerate bone. The theoretical basis for distraction osteogenesis, a detailed description of the technique, and a review of previous studies on experimental mandibular lengthening are presented.
Hydrolytic Network Structure Degradation in Multi-Component Polycyanurate Networks (2016)

Abstract : The relative simplicity of the chemical structure of polycyanuratenetworks, in combination with ease of analysis, allows for quantitativemodeling of hydrolytic degradation. These models link chemicalstructure, physical properties, and environmental conditions, whileallowing for validation. Hydrolytic degradation processes have been quantified forCu/nonylphenol-catalyzed, co-cured LECy/PT-30 networks, with andwithout additives for toughening, under exposure to hot water. Theeffects of conversion have been examined. Preliminary data shows rates of hydrolysis that are lower than for PT-30alone. Overall hydrolysis rates appear to be slightly higher at higherconversions, suggesting that carbamate formation is not responsible fora large portion of weight gain. Glass transition temperatures decrease gradually as expected.Determination of the effective network conversion reduction parameterrequires further work to distinguish carbamate formation from networkscission.
Luciferase-LOV BRET enables versatile and specific transcriptional readout of cellular protein-protein interactions (2019)

Technologies that convert transient protein-protein interactions (PPIs) into stable expression of a reporter gene are useful for genetic selections, high-throughput screening, and multiplexing with omics technologies. We previously reported SPARK (Kim et al., 2017), a transcription factor that is activated by the coincidence of blue light and a PPI. Here, we report an improved, second-generation SPARK2 that incorporates a luciferase moiety to control the light-sensitive LOV domain. SPARK2 can be temporally gated by either external light or addition of a small-molecule luciferin, which causes luciferase to open LOV via proximity-dependent BRET. Furthermore, the nested “AND” gate design of SPARK2—in which both protease recruitment to the membrane-anchored transcription factor and LOV domain opening are regulated by the PPI of interest—yields a lower-background system and improved PPI specificity. We apply SPARK2 to high-throughput screening for GPCR agonists and for the detection of trans-cellular contacts, all with versatile transcriptional readout.
Dielectric losses in ferroelectric ceramics produced by domain-wall motion (1978)

The oscillation of domain walls caused by alternating fields is often thought to be the origin of dielectric losses. In this paper the physical nature of losses is explained by the damping of moving 90° domain walls. For frequencies up to 108 Hz the origin of damping of the wall motion is ascribed to point defects within the 90° domain wall. At high frequencies damping results from the reflection of thermal-lattice waves impinging on a moving 90° domain wall.
1073-P: Phase 2 Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Stimulator Praliciguat in Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease (2020)

Background: Impaired nitric oxide (NO) signaling has been implicated in the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Praliciguat (PRL) is a soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator that augments NO signaling in vitro and reduces proteinuria and fasting plasma glucose in the ZSF1 rat model of DKD. Methods: We evaluated the safety and efficacy of PRL in adults (25-75 y) with type 2 diabetes, eGFR 30-75 mL/min/1.73 m2, urine albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) 200-5000 mg/g, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) &amp;lt;12%, systolic blood pressure (BP) 110-160 mmHg, on stable glucose-lowering and renin angiotensin system-inhibition therapy. Participants were randomized 1:1:1 to placebo (PBO), PRL 20 mg, or PRL 40 mg daily for 12 weeks. Two first morning void specimens for UACR were collected at baseline and weeks 1, 4, 8, 12. Adverse events, 24 h BP and serum chemistry were also assessed. The primary efficacy endpoint was change from baseline (CFB) in UACR to weeks 8 and 12 analyzed by mixed-effect repeated measures model to compare pooled PRL vs. PBO. Results: A total of 156 participants enrolled and 140 completed treatment. Model estimates of mean UACR CFB [90% CI] [intent-to-treat (ITT)] were -28% [-36, -18] for pooled PRL and -15% [-27, 0] for PBO; PBO-adjusted UACR CFB was -15% [-31, 4] (p=0.17). Quality checks identified a site with data inconsistent with that from the overall study population. In a post-hoc sensitivity analysis excluding this site, PBO-adjusted UACR CFB for PRL was -20% [-33, 5], nominal p=0.03. PBO-adjusted CFB for other variables at week 12 (ITT) were 24 h systolic BP -4.2 mmHg [-7.5, -0.8], 24 h heart rate 3.4 bpm [1.6, 5.2], HbA1c -0.27% [-0.50, 0.03], and cholesterol 10.1 mg/dL [-19.2, -1.0]. Both praliciguat doses were well tolerated. Conclusion: PRL did not significantly reduce UACR in the primary ITT analysis, but positive trends in UACR, BP, and metabolic variables warrant further clinical study of PRL in DKD. Disclosure J.P. Hanrahan: Employee; Self; Cyclerion Therapeutics. I. de Boer: Advisory Panel; Self; Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH. Consultant; Self; George Clinical, Goldfinch Bio, Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. G. Bakris: Consultant; Self; Alnylam, Merck &amp; Co., Inc., Relypsa, Inc., Teijin Pharma Limited. Other Relationship; Self; Bayer AG, Novo Nordisk Inc., Vascular Dynamics. P. Wilson: Employee; Self; Cyclerion Therapeutics. J.D. Wakefield: Stock/Shareholder; Self; Cyclerion Therapeutics. J.P. Seferovic: Employee; Self; Cyclerion Therapeutics. J. Chickering: None. M. Cressman: Employee; Self; Covance, LabCorp. M. Currie: Employee; Self; Cyclerion Therapeutics. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Cyclerion Therapeutics. G.T. Milne: None. A.T. Profy: Employee; Self; Cyclerion Therapeutics, Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. Employee; Spouse/Partner; UpToDate. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Cyclerion Therapeutics, Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. Funding Cyclerion Therapeutics
AMPK is not required for the effect of metformin on the inhibition of BMP6-induced hepcidin gene expression in hepatocytes (2017)

The biguanide metformin is used for its antidiabetic effect for many years but how metformin acts remains poorly understood and controversial. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a protein kinase that plays a key role in maintaining energy homeostasis, is assumed to be one of the prime targets of metformin. However, since our demonstration that AMPK is not required for the beneficial effects of metformin on the control of glycemia, the list of AMPK-independent actions of metformin is rapidly increasing. Given the conflicting results on the effects of metformin we sought, using our genetic mouse models deficient in the catalytic subunits of AMPK, to determine whether this kinase is involved in the effects of metformin on the expression of the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin, as recently proposed. Here we demonstrate, using different approaches, either isolated hepatocytes that lack AMPK, or direct AMPK activators, that, AMPK activation is not necessary for metformin to inhibit BMP6-induced hepcidin gene expression. These results may shed new lights on the increasingly recognized AMPK-independent metformin's molecular action, an important area of current research.