gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of End Wall Contouring on Performance of Ultra-Low Aspect Ratio Transonic Turbine Inlet Guide Vanes (2008)

In our previous work on ultralow-aspect ratio transonic turbine inlet guide vanes (IGVs) for a small turbofan engine (Hasenjäger et al., 2005, “Three Dimensional Aerodynamic Optimization for an Ultra-Low Aspect Ratio Transonic Turbine Stator Blade,” ASME Paper No. GT2005-68680), we used numerical stochastic design optimization to propose the new design concept of an extremely aft-loaded airfoil to improve the difficult-to-control aerodynamic loss. At the same time, it is well known that end wall contouring is an effective method for reducing the secondary flow loss. In the literature, both “axisymmetric” and “nonaxisymmetric” end wall geometries have been suggested. Almost all of these geometric variations have been based on the expertise of the turbine designer. In our current work, we employed a stochastic optimization method—the evolution strategy—to optimize and analyze the effect of the axisymmetric end wall contouring on the IGV’s performance. In the optimization, the design of the end wall contour was divided into three different approaches: (1) only hub contour, (2) only tip contour, and (3) hub and tip contour, together with the possibility to observe the correlation between hub/tip changes with regard to their joint influence on the pressure loss. Furthermore, three-dimensional flow mechanisms, related to a secondary flow near the end wall region in the low-aspect ratio transonic turbine IGV, was investigated, based on the above optimization results. A design concept and secondary flow characteristics for the low-aspect ratio full annular transonic turbine IGV is discussed in this paper.
Unique Word DFT-Spread-OFDM for Fast Time-Varying Channels (2017)

Unique Word Discrete Fourier Transform -spread - Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (UW DFT-s-OFDM) waveform replaces the Cyclic Prefix (CP) with a known sequence which is contained in the symbol itself rather than being appended to it. In this paper, we propose a new UW DFT-s-OFDM design which aims at exploiting such known sequence at the tail of the signal for tracking the variations of the radio channels on a symbol basis, thus overcoming the limited flexibility of DFT-s-OFDM waveforms in multiplexing reference sequences and data. Further, we also present a criterion for efficiently selecting the reference sequences to be adopted by users experiencing fast time-varying channel conditions. Initial simulation results show the capability of the proposed design of improving the link performance of high speed users, even without additional overhead.
Metal oxide nanophotocatalysts for water purification (2017)

Photocatalysis, which exploits renewable solar energy to trigger chemical reactions via oxidation and reduction, can be classified as a sustainable technology that offers solutions to ecological problems. This chapter evaluates the important properties of iron oxide nanomaterials. It highlights not only recent developments in their application to wastewater treatment, but also seeks to address the issues which appear to limit their large-scale field application. The chapter includes a detailed description of synthesis methods, properties and characterization. Nanotechnology holds out the promise of immense improvements in manufacturing technologies, electronics, telecommunications, health and even environmental remediation. The production and utilization of a diverse array of nanomaterials include structures and devices with sizes ranging from 1 to 100 nm, and the display of unique properties not found in bulk-sized materials. Wastewater treatment and reuse is essential to safeguard human health and to protect environmental ecosystems. Nanomaterials, with their unique physical and chemical properties, have a tremendous potential for contaminant removal.
Rethinking Video ViTs: Sparse Video Tubes for Joint Image and Video Learning (2022)

We present a simple approach which can turn a ViT encoder into an efficient video model, which can seamlessly work with both image and video inputs. By sparsely sampling the inputs, the model is able to do training and inference from both inputs. The model is easily scalable and can be adapted to large-scale pre-trained ViTs without requiring full finetuning. The model achieves SOTA results and the code will be open-sourced.
Impact of scattering bar in the presence of lens aberrations (2001)

This paper presents a systematic theoretical and simulation study on how scattering bar could impact lithographic performance in the presence of lens aberrations. In particular, the effects of bar size, bar placement and pitch at conventional and annular illuminations are investigated. For the study, a simple 1-D two-bar structure is used. The effects of odd and even aberration terms are studied assuming the presence of either primary coma or primary astigmatism only. Simulations using a set of 37 Zernike coefficients from a state-of-the-art DUV step and scan are also carried out. Pattern asymmetry of the two-bar pattern is used to quantify the effects of odd aberration terms; the root-mean-square value of CD difference through focus of two orthogonal lines is used to quantify the effects of even aberration terms. Results show that scattering bar has a significant impact on the effects of lens aberrations. The magnitude and polarity of this influence depends on the bar size, bar placement, pitch and illumination conditions. Pattern asymmetry under annular illumination is particular sensitive to bar size and bar placement; CD difference through focus under conventional illumination at a range of pitch values decrease significantly with proper bar placement. The trends observed are similar even when a full set of Zernike coefficients are used. A thorough and more complete understanding of how scattering bar impact lens aberration effect for different mask structures and at different illumination conditions is thus needed for low-k<SUB>1</SUB> imaging.
1P086 Actin Mutation in the Hydrophobic Cleft Suppresses Polymerizability(Protein:Function,The 48th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical Society of Japan) (2010)

mentshowedthatthehSTPRdomainisTLsponbibleforthenuclcarloLdhzdtion ef ZNFg21 LNF82L showed an extremety slower diffusion ratc m the llu cleus suggest]ng
Semantics-Consistent Cross-domain Summarization via Optimal Transport Alignment (2022)

Multimedia summarization with multimodal output (MSMO) is a recently explored application in language grounding. It plays an essential role in real-world applications, i.e., automatically generating cover images and titles for news articles or providing introductions to online videos. However, existing methods extract features from the whole video and article and use fusion methods to select the representative one, thus usually ignoring the critical structure and varying semantics. In this work, we propose a Semantics-Consistent Cross-domain Summarization (SCCS) model based on optimal transport alignment with visual and textual segmentation. In specific, our method first decomposes both video and article into segments in order to capture the structural semantics, respectively. Then SCCS follows a cross-domain alignment objective with optimal transport distance, which leverages multimodal interaction to match and select the visual and textual summary. We evaluated our method on three recent multimodal datasets and demonstrated the effectiveness of our method in producing high-quality multimodal summaries.
Elasto-Plasticity, Damage and Multiphysics Effects on the Behavior of Adhesive Step Lap Joints (2022)

Abstract The presence of damage in the adhesive material as well as combined environmental excitation in multi-material adhesive step-lap joints (ASLJ) often encountered in aircraft industries are frequently neglected. Historically, their design is based only within the scope of elasto-plastic failure. The present work describes the implementation and application of a computational framework enabling the performance evaluation of such joints under quasi-static loading conditions under the simultaneous presence of plasticity, damage and environmental stimulus. In particular, a ASLJ involving Ti-6Al-4V alloy adherents with a FM-300K adhesive is modeled under the proposed framework for various material responses and mutliphysics excitations. It is shown that the assumption of assuming elasto-plastic failure as being the only behavior defining the failure of the adhesive, may not be an adequate assumption for designing and qualifying ASLJs. Specifically, considering presence of plasticity, damage and environmental effects indicates that there are reasons to re-examine the design practices of such joints.
Patients’ perspectives (2020)

Patient choice and expectation are of paramount importance in the context of breast reconstruction, which is usually requested for practical and emotional reasons. Patient-reported outcome measures are specially designed questionnaires that can be used to evaluate aspects of outcomes that were once considered too subjective and difficult to measure. Patient-reported outcome measures provide a way to quantify how patients perceive their health and the impact symptoms/treatments have on their health-related quality of life. Breast reconstruction can minimize deformity and alleviate much of the distress associated with mastectomy. When a woman faces a diagnosis of breast cancer, she is presented with several alternatives of treatment that may be overwhelming. Patients with unilateral breast cancer who choose to undergo contralateral prophylactic mastectomy with bilateral reconstruction report higher satisfaction with breasts than do patients who undergo unilateral mastectomy with reconstruction alone.
Testing the stationarity and normality of paediatric aspiration signals (2003)

Ninety-four aspiration signals were collected with a single-axis accelerometer placed infero-anterior to the thyroid notch from 23 children with Dysphagia. It was found that only 62% of aspiration signals can be considered stationary over short finite time windows. Further, 96% of aspiration signals violated normality to varying degrees. Nonstationarity was attributed to time-varying variance structure while departure from normality was linked to leptokurtic (more peaked than a normal distribution) amplitude distributions. Conventional assumptions of stationarity and normality do not simultaneously hold true for aspiration signals. Implications for automatic detection are mentioned.
In Situ Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction Analysis of the Setting Process of Brushite Cement: Reaction and Crystal Growth (2017)

Brushite cements are fast self-setting materials that can be used as bone substitute materials. Although tracing their fast setting process is a challenge, it is important for the understanding of the same, which in turn is important for the material's further development and use in the clinics. In this study, the setting rate, phase formation, and crystal growth of brushite cements were quantitatively studied by in situ synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction (SXRD) on a time scale of seconds. The influence of reactant ratios and a retardant (citric acid) on the setting reaction were analyzed. To complement the in situ investigations, scanning electron microscopy was carried out for ex situ morphological evolution of crystals. The initial reaction followed a four-step process, including a fast nucleation induction period, nucleation, crystal growth, and completion of the setting. The brushite crystal size grew up to the micro scale within 1 min, and the brushite content increased linearly after the nucleation until all monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM; Ca(H<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>·H<sub>2</sub>O) had dissolved within minutes, followed by a slow increase until the end of the monitoring. By adjusting the MCPM to the β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP, β-Ca<sub>3</sub>(PO4)<sub>2</sub>) ratio in the starting powders, the brushite/monetite ratio in the cements could be modified. In the presence of citric acid, the formation of brushite nuclei was not significantly retarded, whereas the increase in brushite content and the growth of crystal size were effectively hindered. The amount of monetite also increased by adding citric acid. This is the first time that the brushite setting process has been characterized in the first seconds and minutes of the reaction by SXRD.
Results of a Single Institution Experience with Dose-Escalated Chemoradiation for Locally Advanced Unresectable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (2017)

The outcomes of a program of dose-escalated chemoradiotherapy for unresectable stage IIIA and IIIB NSCLC patients were consistent with other studies and showed no benefit to radiation doses above 66 Gy. Furthermore, maintaining low esophageal V<sub>60</sub> and lung V<sub>5</sub> were associated with lower morbidity and mortality.
Transradial Access for Interventional Radiology: Single-Centre Procedural and Clinical Outcome Analysis (2017)

Transradial access is a safe, effective technique, with a learning curve; however, this procedure has the potential to significantly improve departmental workflow and cost savings for the department and patient experience.
Potassium Manganate by XPS (2004)

Potassium manganate, K2MnO4, has an electronic structure of d1. As it has one unpaired electron, it has exchange interaction between the core and valence electrons in the photoemission process. It is an interesting question whether manganese compounds of high oxidation number and strong covalent bonding exhibit satellite peaks in XPS spectra, or not. This submission provides information that may be useful for the discussion of the photoemission process. In this study, XPS core- and valence-band level spectra including the energy loss parts were taken for the in situ fractured surfaces of K2MnO4 crystals. Crystals grown from an aqueous solution and stocked in KOH solution were used because the sample is moisture sensitive.
Pyrrolamide DNA Gyrase Inhibitors: Fragment-Based Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Screening To Identify Antibacterial Agents (2011)

DNA gyrase is an essential enzyme in bacteria, and its inhibition results in the disruption of DNA synthesis and, subsequently, cell death. The pyrrolamides are a novel class of antibacterial agents targeting DNA gyrase. These compounds were identified by a fragment-based lead generation (FBLG) approach using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) screening to identify low-molecular-weight compounds that bind to the ATP pocket of DNA gyrase. A pyrrole hit with a binding constant of 1 mM formed the basis of the design and synthesis of a focused library of compounds that resulted in the rapid identification of a lead compound that inhibited DNA gyrase with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) of 3 μM. The potency of the lead compound was further optimized by utilizing iterative X-ray crystallography to yield DNA gyrase inhibitors that also displayed antibacterial activity. Spontaneous mutants were isolated in Staphylococcus aureus by plating on agar plates containing pyrrolamide 4 at the MIC. The resistant variants displayed 4- to 8-fold-increased MIC values relative to the parent strain. DNA sequencing revealed two independent point mutations in the pyrrolamide binding region of the gyrB genes from these variants, supporting the hypothesis that the mode of action of these compounds was inhibition of DNA gyrase. Efficacy of a representative pyrrolamide was demonstrated against Streptococcus pneumoniae in a mouse lung infection model. These data demonstrate that the pyrrolamides are a novel class of DNA gyrase inhibitors with the potential to deliver future antibacterial agents targeting multiple clinical indications.
Study of skin anti-ageing and anti-inflammatory effects of dihydroquercetin, natural triterpenoinds, and their synthetic derivatives (2012)

Accessible triterpenoids of ursane and lupane series, the flavonoid dihydroquercetin and their synthetic derivatives with polar substituentss were tested in vitro for inhibition of collagenase 1 (MMP-1) in UVB irradiation assay. Ursolic acid and uvaol disuccinate were the most active inhibitors in the ursane series. In the lupane series, the best inhibition was manifested by carboxymethyl ester of betulonic acid and betulin succinates. Down- regulation of MMP-1 by dihydroquercetin and its synthetic derivatives surpassed the activity of a standard (retinoic acid).
Forgery Attacks on Time-Stamp, Signed PDF and X.509 Certificate (2009)

This paper studies two types of documents in which an adversary can forge a signature on a chosen document. One type is that a nonce is padded on an input document. The time-stamp protocol is a good example of this type. Another is a structured document (such as PS or PDF) whose contents are described in a body part and information (such as generated time and a generator) are in a meta part. In fact, this paper shows how to forge a time-stamp, a signature on a PDF and an X.509 certificate by the extended forgery attack and numerical examples. Forged signature by the original or the extended attacks is only accepted by the clients whose length check of zero-field is loosely implemented. As a result, we found that the latest versions of Adobe's Acrobat and Acrobat Reader accept the forged time-stamp and the forged signature on a PDF document. Target of this attack is RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5, which does not have provable security. We also show the expanded attack might forge the signature of RSASSA-PSS, which has provable security, when the length check of zero-field is omitted or loosely implemented.
Fatigue in incident peritoneal dialysis and mortality: A real-world side-by-side study in Brazil and the United States (2022)

Among patients in Brazil and the United States, lower vitality score in the initial months of PD was independently associated with all-cause mortality.
Performance Characterization of Hyperscale Applicationson on NVMe SSDs (2015)

The storage subsystem has undergone tremendous innovation in order to keep up with the ever-increasing demand for throughput. NVMe based SSDs are the latest development in this domain, delivering unprecedented performance in terms of both latency and peak bandwidth. Given their superior performance, NVMe drives are expected to be particularly beneficial for I/O intensive applications in datacenter installations. In this paper we identify and analyze the different factors leading to the better performance of NVMe SSDs. Then, using databases as the prominent use-case, we show how these would translate into real-world benefits. We evaluate both a relational database (MySQL) and a NoSQL database (Cassandra) and demonstrate significant performance gains over best-in-class enterprise SATA SSDs: from 3.5x for TPC-C and up to 8.5x for Cassandra.
Discovery of the magnetic behavior of hemoglobin: A beginning of bioinorganic chemistry (2015)

Two articles published by Pauling and Coryell in PNAS nearly 80 years ago described in detail the magnetic properties of oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin, as well as those of closely related compounds containing hemes. Their measurements revealed a large difference in magnetism between oxygenated and deoxygenated forms of the protein and, along with consideration of the observed diamagnetism of the carbonmonoxy derivative, led to an electronic structural formulation of oxyhemoglobin. The key role of hemoglobin as the main oxygen carrier in mammalian blood had been established earlier, and its allosteric behavior had been described in the 1920s. The Pauling-Coryell articles on hemoglobin represent truly seminal contributions to the field of bioinorganic chemistry because they are the first to make connections between active site electronic structure and the function of a metalloprotein.
Needle-free delivery of macromolecules through the skin using controllable jet injectors (2015)

Jet injection systems that are electronically controllable and reversible offer significant advantages over conventional injection systems. These devices can consistently create the high pressures and jet speeds necessary to penetrate tissue and then transition smoothly to a lower jet speed for delivery of the remainder of the desired dose. It seems likely that in the future this work will result in smart drug delivery systems incorporated into personal medical devices and medical robots for in-home disease management and healthcare.
Pargyline‐Sensitive selective accumulation of a radiolabeled MPTP analog in the primate cerebral cortex and basal ganglia (1990)

The distribution of radioiodinated N-methyl-4-(4-hydroxy-3-iodobenzyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MHTP), an analog of the reportedly nontoxic N-methyl-4-benzyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, (4-homo-MPTP), has been studied in the primate. [123I]MHTP-derived radioactivity exhibited a progressive accumulation and prolonged retention within the primate eye. Following iv injection, [123I]MHTP rapidly accumulated within the primate brain and was subsequently oxidized to a radiolabeled metabolite. The half-life of [123I]MHTP-derived radioactivity within the primate brain was 50 min. The highest concentrations of radioactivity were found in the caudate-putamen and the frontal, temporal and cingulate cortices; the substantia nigra and inferior olivary nucleus were labeled with medium intensity. Very low concentrations of radiolabel were detected in the cerebellum and white matter. Selective accumulation of [125I]MHTP-derived radioactivity within these structures was blocked by pretreatment with pargyline, suggesting that monoamine oxidase B is involved in the bioactivation of radioiodinated MHTP.
A preliminary solder joint life prediction model by experiment and simulation for translation of use condition to temperature cycling test condition (2013)

This paper introduces a new preliminary solder joint fatigue model based on thermo-mechanical finite element analysis (FEA) simulation results and the use of extensive solder joint reliability (SJR) experimental data for ball grid array (BGA) packages. A comprehensive FEA modeling method for temperature cycling (TC) loading was defined based on thorough and detailed convergence studies on modeling approaches, mesh sensitivities, analysis parameters, material parameters, boundary conditions and thermal loading conditions. Extensive reliability data was collected for various package designs, form factors, board thicknesses and testing conditions to demonstrate feasibility. The result is a solder joint fatigue model derived from FEA thermal mechanical modeling results and empirical reliability data regression fitting. Next, this FEA modeling method was coupled with a transient heat transfer method to integrate thermal gradients that exist in actual product use condition (UC) duty cycles. A new UC method is demonstrated based on a common physical damage metric calculated from numerical simulations for UC (with real user behavior data and temperature gradient) and TC (uniform temperature) conditions. The derived SJR fatigue model was combined with the newly developed UC method to establish new TC test requirements based on the actual use condition duty cycling.
A CW mid-infrared hybrid silicon laser at room temperature (2014)

We report the first CW room temperature mid-infrared (λ=2.0μm) laser heterogeneously integrated on silicon. Molecular (polymer-free) wafer bonding of InP to Si is employed. III-V tapers transfer light from a hybrid III-V/silicon optical mode into a Si waveguide mode. Polished Si facets form a Fabry-Pérot laser cavity.