gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Energy-aware exploration of coarse grained reconfigurable processors (2005)

In recent years Coarse Grained Reconfigurable Architectures (CGRAs) have emerged as a viable option in embedded systems. In this paper we present a power breakdown analysis of such an CGRA. We also present an energy aware exploration for one of the most important, but often neglected parts of processor architectures: the interconnect. The results show that the choice of different interconnection topologies has a significant influence on resulting quality metrics, like performance and energy efficiency. KEYWORDS: Energy-Aware design, Low Power, Processor Architecture, Interconnect aware 1
Experimental Investigation of Undersampling for Adjacent Channel Interference Cancellation Scheme (2006)

In this paper an adjacent channel interference (ACI) cancellation scheme with undersampling for multi-channel reception is proposed and investigated. Low-IF receiver architecture is used in the multi-channel reception scheme. In this system, signal in the adjacent channel causes interference to the desired signal. The ACI cancellation scheme with analog filter bank has been proposed to mitigate the influence from the adjacent channel [10]. Undersampling technique is applied in this system in order to lower the required sampling frequency and power consumption. The effects of the adjacent channel to the undersampling technique in this scheme is examined and discussed.
Video upscaling via spatio-temporal self-similarity (2012)

We propose a new example-based video upscaling technique that exploits self-similarity among patches of a video in both space and time. We encode image patches with over-complete dictionaries constructed in a local spatio-temporal neighborhood, and establish temporal correspondence using modern optical flow techniques. The resulting method performs favorably compared to the state-of-the-art in super-resolution techniques.
Long Non-coding RNAs WithIn VitroandIn VivoEfficacy in Preclinical Models of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Which Act by a Non-microRNA Sponging Mechanism (2022)

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is a type of cancer with dismal prognosis. Surgery, chemo- and radiation therapy, as well as immune checkpoint-blocking immunotherapy lead to limited improvement of survival of patients; therapy resistance and recurrencies hamper these treatment modalities. Therefore, the identification of new targets and treatment approaches is of paramount importance. We have searched the literature and identified 7 down-regulated and 16 up-regulated non-coding RNAs, which showed efficacy in preclinical esophageal squamous cell carcinoma-related in vitro and in vivo models, and discuss their diverse mode of actions. We excluded long non-coding RNAs, which act by sponging of microRNAs. It is presently unclear whether long non-coding RNA/protein, DNA and RNA interactions can be targeted with small molecules. We describe reconstitution therapy and inhibition of the corresponding long non-coding RNAs with small interfering RNAs and antisense oligonucleotides. Also, we discuss emerging targets for treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Coherent Structures in a Three-dimensional Chaotic Potential Flow (2014)

Central to understanding all chaotic advection processes is the nature of periodic points and their associated coherent structures. They provide a framework upon which transport dynamics play out. We show that degenerate points which are often overlooked play an important role in shaping this framework and the overall flow. In particular for the three-dimensional Reoriented Potential Mixing (3DRPM) flow the degenerate points create local stable regions that prevent global chaos.
Dynamic cylinder activation in diesel engines (2018)

Cylinder deactivation has been recently demonstrated to have fuel savings and aftertreatment thermal management benefits at low to moderate loads compared to conventional operation in diesel engines. This study discusses dynamic cylinder activation as an effective variant to fixed diesel engine cylinder deactivation. The set of inactive and active cylinders varies on a cycle-by-cycle basis during dynamic cylinder activation. This enables greater control over forcing frequencies of the engine, thereby allowing the engine to operate away from the drivetrain resonant frequency at all engine speeds, while maintaining similar fuel savings, thermal management, and emission characteristics as fixed cylinder deactivation. Additional benefits of dynamic cylinder activation include a reduction in the consecutive number of cycles a given cylinder is deactivated, and more even cylinder usage. Enablement of engine operation without exciting drivetrain resonant frequencies at similar fuel efficiency and emissions as fixed cylinder deactivation makes dynamic cylinder activation a strong candidate to augment the benefits already demonstrated for fixed cylinder deactivation.
Validation of a gene expression profile predictive of the risk of radiation-induced fibrosis in women treated with breast conserving therapy (2015)

To the Editor, Today, breast conserving surgery (BCS) followed by radiation therapy (RT) is the primary choice of treatment for breast cancer patients in Denmark. One of the disadvantages of breast...
Potent neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by human antibody heavy-chain variable domains isolated from a large library with a new stable scaffold (2020)

Effective therapies are urgently needed for COVID-19. Here we describe the identification of a new stable human immunoglobulin G1 heavy-chain variable (VH) domain scaffold that was used for the construction of a large library, lCAT6, of engineered human VHs. This library was panned against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) glycoprotein. Two VH domains (VH ab6 and VH m397) were selected and fused to Fc for increased half-life in circulation. The VH-Fc ab6 and m397 specifically neutralized SARS-CoV-2 with high potencies (50% neutralization at 0.35 µg/ml and 1.5 µg/ml, respectively) as measured by two independent replication-competent virus neutralization assays. Ab6 and m397 competed with ACE2 for binding to RBD, suggesting a competitive mechanism of virus neutralization. These VH domains may have potential applications for prophylaxis and therapy of COVID-19 alone or in combination, as well as for diagnosis and as tools for research.
Chebyshev Antenna Arrays for WCDMA Downlink Capacity Enhancement (2006)

Advanced antenna arrays at the base stations are one of the key techniques to improve the downlink capacity of WCDMA cellular systems. Typically, uniform linear arrays and uniform circular arrays are used to form the beams. In this work, we propose the use of Chebyshev antenna arrays which are linear arrays with non-uniform input excitations. We consider two adaptive antenna schemes: fixed beam and steered beam. For each scheme, we compare the user capacity per cell among the three different types of antenna arrays (uniform linear, Chebyshev linear, and uniform circular). The adopted simulation environment supports various types of adaptive antennas, soft/softer handover, and multiple services. Results demonstrate a notable superiority of the proposed Chebyshev antenna arrays.
Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of a 20-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV20) in Adults 60 to 64 Years of Age (2020)

NCT03313037.
Glyphosate Inhibits Melanization and Increases Susceptibility to Infection in Insects (2020)

ABSTRACT Melanin, a black-brown pigment found throughout all kingdoms of life, has diverse biological functions including: UV protection, thermoregulation, oxidant scavenging, arthropod immunity, and microbial virulence. Given melanin’s broad roles in the biosphere, particularly in insect immune defenses, it is important to understand how exposure to ubiquitous environmental contaminants affects melanization. Glyphosate – the most widely used herbicide globally – inhibits melanin production, which could have wide-ranging implications in the health of many organisms, including insects. Here, we demonstrate that glyphosate has deleterious effects on insect health in two evolutionary distant species, Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae), suggesting a broad effect in insects. Glyphosate reduced survival of G. mellonella caterpillars following infection with the fungus Cryptococcus neoformans and decreased the size of melanized nodules formed in hemolymph, which normally help eliminate infection. Glyphosate also increased the burden of the malaria- causing parasite Plasmodium falciparum in A. gambiae mosquitoes, altered uninfected mosquito survival, and perturbed the microbial composition of adult mosquito midguts. Our results show that glyphosate’s mechanism of melanin inhibition involves antioxidant synergy and disruption of the reaction oxidation-reduction balance Overall, these findings suggest that glyphosate’s environmental accumulation could render insects more susceptible to microbial pathogens due to melanin inhibition, immune impairment, and perturbations in microbiota composition, potentially contributing to declines in insect populations.
Abstract 6423: Targeting an autophagy regulator augments antitumor immunity and immunotherapy (2023)

Abstract Immunotherapy has strikingly changed the landscape of cancer treatment, yet many patients fail to respond to the therapy exhibiting primary resistance. Accumulating evidence has supported that autophagy inhibition may sensitize tumor to immunotherapy. Here, we found that pharmaceutical or genetic inhibition of an autophagy regulator induces MHC class I surface expression in cancer cells. In a co-culture of OT1 CD8+ T cells and ovalbumin-expressing cancer cells, inhibition of the regulator enhances CD8+ T cell killing and increases functional and proliferative CD8+ T cells. Concordantly, genetic depletion or inhibition of the regulator elevates MHC class I in tumor cells, reduces tumor growth, and increases intratumoral functional CD8+ T cells in syngeneic mouse models. Furthermore, we found that inhibition of the regulator sensitizes syngeneic tumors to anti-PD1 therapy. Collectively, inhibition of this autophagy regulator augments antitumor immunity and immunotherapy via inducing MHC class I surface expression in cancer cells. Citation Format: Yi Bao, Yuanyuan Qiao, Arul Chinnaiyan. Targeting an autophagy regulator augments antitumor immunity and immunotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6423.
Traceability in the Age of Globalization: A Proposal for a Marking Protocol to Assure Authenticity of Electronic Parts (2012)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Proposes adoption of an industry standard marking protocol to assure the authenticity of high-reliability electronics. The protocol is seen as a key ingredient in the industry's effort to control counterfeit electronic parts escapes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The specifications of the marking protocol have been informed by the experience of the authors, who are currently participating in a DNA marking program mandated by the Defense Logistics Agency.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The protocol would set out these criteria for an effective marking program: &lt;ul class="list disc"&gt;&lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Simplicity&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Proven uncopyability&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Reportability: transparency and ease of oversight&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Legal validity: empowering of law enforcement&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Quick ramp-up and seamless implementation&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Extreme fidelity and absolute character of results - reliability of the mark at a very high level&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Universal adoption&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: Characterization of (SiW12O40)4‐/TiO2 Suspensions and Their Activity in the Evolution of Hydrogen from Water. (1988)

Abstract When deposited on TiO 2 , SiW12O404‐ shows catalytic activity in the photoproduction of hydrogen under band gap illumination.
Nucleoside Phosphotransferase from Malt Sprouts. II. Studies on the Active Site and the Phospho-Intermediate (1986)

The phospho-intermediate formed in the reaction of the nucleoside phosphotransferase is an acyl phosphate, the phosphorus bound to the gamma-carboxylate group of a glutamic acid. Reduction of this intermediate with sodium cyanoborotritiide yields labeled 2-amino-5-hydroxyvaleric acid after hydrolysis of the protein. Nucleophilic trapping of the intermediate with hydroxylamine during the reaction with substrates leads to N-phosphohydroxylamine, which is the only reaction product at a higher concentration of hydroxylamine. Evidence is obtained from modification experiments that in addition to the carboxylate group a histidine is involved in the reaction. The pKa-value for the histidine derived from the photoinactivation of the enzyme is 7.6, indicating that this group forms a salt bridge to a carboxylate group, probably that group attacking the phosphorus. The acceptor nucleosides are bound only by hydrophobic interactions of the base, a conclusion obtained from fluorescence studies and quenching experiments. The hydrophobic interaction obviously does not involve pi-interactions to tyrosine and tryptophan residues, since their fluorescence is not affected by addition of nucleotide inhibitors. Modification of these residues leads only to unspecific inactivation. From the Scatchard plot of the titration of the enzyme with 1,N6-ethenoadenosine 5'-phosphoramidate, an efficient inhibitor (Kd = 1.2 X 10(-5) M), it can be concluded that there is only one binding site on the dimeric enzyme.
Low-current operations in 4F2-compatible Ta2O5-based complementary resistive switches (2015)

Complementary resistive switches (CRS), which consist of two anti-serially connected bipolar switching ReRAM cells, can reduce sneak path currents in passive crossbar arrays. However, the high operation current restrains the implementation of the CRS device. In this article, we present low current operation (<300 μA) of vertically stacked, 4F(2)-compatible Ta2O5-based CRS devices exhibiting two terminals. Two types of devices, either offering a nano- or a micrometer scale bottom cell (BC), are considered. The top cell (TC) in both configurations is designed of micrometer size. A novel three-step electroforming procedure for the vertical CRS device having no access to the middle electrode is exemplified and compared to the conventional forming procedure using three-terminal CRS devices. This three-step electroforming procedure provides adjustment of the maximum switching current in the nano-BC CRS: a low-level current compliance during forming enables low current CRS operation in subsequent switching cycles. Further, the nano-BC CRS shows the stable switching up to 10(4) cycles whereas the micro-BC CRS endures up to 10(6) cycles.
Search for the lepton flavor violating decayZ→eμinppcollisions ats=8  TeVwith the ATLAS detector (2014)

The ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider is used to search for the lepton flavor violating process Z e in pp collisions using 20.3 fb -1 of data collected at ffiffi ffi s p 8 TeV. An enhancement in the e invariant mass spectrum is searched for at the Z-boson mass. The number of Z bosons produced in the data sample is estimated using events of similar topology, Z ee and , significantly reducing the systematic uncertainty in the measurement. There is no evidence of an enhancement at the Z-boson mass, resulting in an upper limit on the branching fraction, BZ e < 7.5 10 -7 at the 95% confidence level.
Continuous Wavelet Transform-Based Frequency Dispersion Compensation Method for Electromagnetic Time-Reversal Imaging (2017)

The invariance of wave equations in lossless media allows the time reversal (TR) technique to spatiotemporally refocus back-propagated signals in a given ultrawideband imaging scenario. However, the existence of dispersion and loss in the propagation medium breaks this invariance and the resultant TR focusing exhibits frequency and propagation duration dependent degradation. We propose an algorithm based on the continuous wavelet transform that tackles this degradation to improve focusing resolution under such conditions. The developed algorithm has been successfully applied to the scenario for localization of lung cancer.
Unraveling the clonal hierarchy of somatic genomic aberrations (2014)

Defining the chronology of molecular alterations may identify milestones in carcinogenesis. To unravel the temporal evolution of aberrations from clinical tumors, we developed CLONET, which upon estimation of tumor admixture and ploidy infers the clonal hierarchy of genomic aberrations. Comparative analysis across 100 sequenced genomes from prostate, melanoma, and lung cancers established diverse evolutionary hierarchies, demonstrating the early disruption of tumor-specific pathways. The analyses highlight the diversity of clonal evolution within and across tumor types that might be informative for risk stratification and patient selection for targeted therapies. CLONET addresses heterogeneous clinical samples seen in the setting of precision medicine.
Mechanistic Insight into Enzymatic Glycosyl Transfer with Retention of Configuration through Analysis of Glycomimetic Inhibitors (2010)

Structural “valid”-ation: The mechanism of enzyme-catalyzed glycosyl transfer with retention of anomeric configuration continues to baffle, a situation compounded by the lack of insightful 3-D structures of ternary enzyme complexes. Synthesis and multi-dimensional kinetic analysis of validoxylamine derivatives are used to access the 3-D structure of a ternary complex (see picture; U=uridyl) providing insight into the geometry and donor–acceptor interplay at the glycosyltransfer site.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Secondary Organozinc Reagents and Their Reaction with Heteroatomic Electrophiles. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Multimodality Treatment of Giant Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations (2003)

The results in this series of patients with giant AVMs, which represents the largest series reported to date, suggest that selected symptomatic patients with giant AVMs can be treated successfully with good outcomes and acceptable risk. Multimodality treatment is usually necessary to achieve AVM obliteration.
TEMPO‐mediated dispersion polymerization of styrene in the presence of camphorsulfonic acid (2005)

Abstract The TEMPO‐mediated polymerization of styrene in the presence of camphorsulfonic acid (CSA) is carried out using controlled radical dispersion polymerization. In the absence of TEMPO and CSA, 92% of conversion was achieved within 3 h of polymerization. When TEMPO is solely used, broadening of particle size with narrow PDI was observed because of the prolonged polymerization time. However, when 1:1 molar ratio of CSA/TEMPO was added, the fairly monodisperse PS microspheres having 5.83 μm average size and 3.42% C V (coefficient of variation) were successfully achieved because of the narrow molecular weight of intermediate oligomers and shortening of the polymerization time. This result obviously indicates that the addition of CSA in TEMPO‐mediated dispersion polymerization not only shortens the polymerization time but also greatly improves the uniformity of the microspheres. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 62–68, 2006
Latchup Structures, Characterization and Test (2007)

This chapter contains sections titled: Guard Rings Latchup Characterization Structures – Single- and Dual-Well CMOS PNPN Test Structures Latchup Characterization – Basic Triple-Well pnpn Latchup Test Structures Latchup Characterization Techniques – pnpn Structures with Deep Trench Latchup Characterization and Testing – Nonautomated Test Systems and Methodology Latchup Characterization and Testing – Automatic Test Systems Latchup Characterization – Wafer-Level Test Procedures Latchup Characterization Techniques – Wafer-level Transmission Line Pulse Methodology Latchup Characterization – Transient Latchup Guard Ring Characterization Latchup Failure Analysis Techniques Summary and Closing Comments Problems References
Design issues and physics for power scaling of quantum-cascade lasers (2016)

The quantum-cascade laser (QCL) emitting in the mid-infrared region of 4 to 8 m has been refined to the point that its internal quantum efficiency is approaching fundamental limits. QCLs designed for power typically contain 30-40 cascades, are less than two wavelengths in width, and laser ridge lengths are typically between 3 and 6 mm. Even with state-of-the-art efficiency and thermal management, room temperature operation of such lasers is fundamentally limited to several watts. This paper describes a path to power scaling that is not fundamentally limited. Power requires volume and thermal conductance. We propose that this combination is best achieved using fewer than 15 cascades combined with broad areas. We demonstrate the first room temperature continuous-wave emission of broad-area QCLs and discuss how this scaling concept can deliver MIR emission of 10's of watts at room temperature with beam quality required for high brilliance.
RSA: Byzantine-Robust Stochastic Aggregation Methods for Distributed Learning from Heterogeneous Datasets (2019)

In this paper, we propose a class of robust stochastic subgradient methods for distributed learning from heterogeneous datasets at presence of an unknown number of Byzantine workers. The Byzantine workers, during the learning process, may send arbitrary incorrect messages to the master due to data corruptions, communication failures or malicious attacks, and consequently bias the learned model. The key to the proposed methods is a regularization term incorporated with the objective function so as to robustify the learning task and mitigate the negative effects of Byzantine attacks. The resultant subgradient-based algorithms are termed Byzantine-Robust Stochastic Aggregation methods, justifying our acronym RSA used henceforth. In contrast to most of the existing algorithms, RSA does not rely on the assumption that the data are independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) on the workers, and hence fits for a wider class of applications. Theoretically, we show that: i) RSA converges to a near-optimal solution with the learning error dependent on the number of Byzantine workers; ii) the convergence rate of RSA under Byzantine attacks is the same as that of the stochastic gradient descent method, which is free of Byzantine attacks. Numerically, experiments on real dataset corroborate the competitive performance of RSA and a complexity reduction compared to the state-of-the-art alternatives.