gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Voltage regulation in induction machines with multiple stator windings by zero sequence harmonic control (2005)

We have investigated a method to regulate the voltages in the secondary windings of an induction machine stator with multiple windings. By introducing one or more triple-n harmonics in a three-phase machine, the rectified output voltage of one or more grounded-wye windings can be controlled and regulated. Voltage regulation is achieved through triple-n harmonic current injection, so there is no net torque on the rotor, decoupling voltage regulation from drive. We demonstrate and analyze voltage control in a custom wound induction machine by the addition of third harmonic to the inverter drive waveform. The rectified output voltage depends not only on the amplitude, but also on the phase of the third harmonic. The ability to orthogonally control voltage is particularly important in applications where the machine is used as a generator, motor and/or power converter at the same time
Continuous Change of Second-order Nonlinear Optical Activity in a Cyano-bridged Coordination Polymer (2008)

In this work, we continuously control the second-order nonlinear optical activity by tuning the piezoelectric property in a series of rubidium manganese hexacyanoferrates, RbIxMnII[FeIII(CN)6](x+2)/3·zH2O. Above x = 0.7, second harmonic generation (SHG) is observed, and the SH light intensity (ISH) gradually increases with increasing x. The crystal structures of this series are analyzed using Rietveld analysis and the maximum entropy method. The crystal structural data shows that the difference between the existing probability of the Rb ion in interstitial site-1 (PRb1) and site-2 (PRb2), PRb1 − PRb2, gradually increases with increasing x. Because the difference between PRb1 and PRb2 produces a 4̅ rotoinversion, the PRb1 − PRb2 value is considered to be related to the magnitude of piezoelectricity or SH susceptibility (χSH). From the analysis of the χSH tensors elements, the observed x dependence of ISH can be explained by the PRb1 − PRb2 value. Such a tunable system of second-order nonlinear optical activity is very rare in condensed matters.
Impulsive noise reduction techniques based on rate of occurrence estimation (2007)

This paper presents a system with auto selection technique to reduce impulsive noise effect in wireless communication systems. The impulsive noise is detected through comparison with a fixed reference. The selection of the appropriate reduction technique to be applied is based on an estimation of the rate of impulsive noise occurrence. The proposed system uses subtraction-gating for low occurrence rate, conventional limiting for high occurrence rate, and passes the incoming signal to the output in the absence of impulsive noise. The results for QAM and FSK through simulation as well as real-time implementation on an FPGA development system are presented and show marked improvement in the bit error rate in each case.
Altered chromosomal methylation patterns accompany oncogene-induced transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells. (1993)

Abnormal methylation of CpG island sequences on chromosomes 11p and 17p, and tumor phenotype-associated differential methylation of chromosome 3p loci have been described in human lung tumors (S.B. Baylin, J.W.M. Hoppener, A. de Bustros, P.H. Steenbergh, C.J.M. Lips, and B. D. Nelkin, Cancer Res., 46: 2917-2922, 1986; M. Makos, B.D. Nelkin, M. I. Lerman, F. Latif, B. Zbar, and S.B. Baylin, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 89: 1929-1933, 1992; A. de Bustros, B. D. Nelkin, A. Silverman, G. Ehrlich, B. Poiesz, and S. B. Baylin, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 85: 5693-5697, 1988). Using an in vitro model of lung tumor progression, we now show that these aberrant methylation patterns occur at different stages during cellular immortalization and oncogene-induced neoplastic transformation of normal human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE). The CALC1 CpG island locus on chromosome 11p15.4 was essentially unmethylated in NHBE and simian virus 40 T-antigen immortalized NHBE (BEAS-2B cells) but became de novo methylated in 5 of 6 BEAS-2B derived cell lines that were transfected or infected with various oncogenes and in a spontaneously neoplastically transformed subline of BEAS-2B cells. By contrast, an additional CpG island locus, pYNZ22, at 17p13.3 became fully methylated following the immortalization of NHBE and was not further changed by oncogene-induced transformation. Finally, at a non-CpG island locus pYNZ86.1 on chromosome 3p14, different tumor phenotype-associated methylation patterns became apparent only after passage of the turmorigenic oncogene-transformed bronchial epithelial cell lines in athymic nude mice. Whereas cell lines derived from tumors with a non-small cell lung carcinoma-like phenotype were significantly hypomethylated relative to their parental cell lines, a cell line derived from a tumor with a more small cell lung carcinoma-like phenotype retained the methylation status of its parental cell line. The data indicate that altered DNA methylation patterns, including the de novo methylation of normally unmethylated CpG island sequences and demethylation of nonisland sequences, arise at different stages during immortalization and oncogene-induced neoplastic transformation of bronchial epithelial cells. These findings suggest that DNA methylation abnormalities accompany, or may play a role in, the genetic changes that occur during lung tumor progression.
Signalling ERLD using BGP-LS (2017)

This document defines the attributes to use for BGP-LS to expose a
node or link ERLD Entropy capable Readable Label Depth to a
centralised controller (PCE/SDN).
Stability of the fast voltage control loop in power factor correctors (2005)

This paper introduces a new method for stability analysis and design of a fast voltage loop in rectifiers with power factor correction (PFC). The method is based on the circle criterion, which unifies tools for nonlinear system analysis with frequency domain analysis tools used in linear systems. The controller design procedure is demonstrated and experimentally verified on two experimental systems that are built around a 300 W digitally-controlled boost-based PFC. In the first system, the expansion of the voltage loop bandwidth is allowed by introduction of a self-tuning comb filter (STCF) for the output voltage ripple elimination. In the second experimental set-up, the fast voltage loop is enabled through utilization of a "dead-zone" in analog-to-digital conversion.
Monolithic 2 DOF fully compliant space pointing mechanism (2013)

Abstract. This paper describes the conception, modeling, and development of a fully compliant two-degree-of-freedom pointing mechanism for application in spacecraft thruster, antenna, or solar array systems. The design objectives and the advantages of a compliant solution are briefly discussed. Detailed design decisions to meet project objectives are described. Analytical and numerical models are developed and subsequently verified by prototype testing and measurements in several iterations. A final design of the 3-D printed titanium monolithic pointing mechanism is described in detail and its performance is measured.
Reproductive death of cancer cells induced by femtosecond laser pulses (2007)

Femtosecond pulses at 200, 266, 400 and 800 nm induce reproductive cell death if the intensity is sufficiently high. Multi-photon processes can improve the efficacy substantially and even result in reproductive cell death at wavelengths, where single-photon processes are harmless.
Hollow cathode theory and experiment. I. Plasma characterization using fast miniature scanning probes (2005)

A detailed study of the spatial variation of plasma density, temperature, and potential in hollow cathodes using miniature fast scanning probes has been undertaken in order to better understand the cathode operation and to provide benchmark data for the modeling of the cathode performance and life described in a companion paper. Profiles are obtained throughout the discharge and in the very high-density orifice region by pneumatically driven Langmuir probes, which are inserted directly into the hollow cathode orifice from either the upstream insert region inside the hollow cathode or from the downstream anode-plasma region. A fast transverse-scanning probe is also used to provide radial profiles of the cathode plume as a function of position from the cathode exit. The probes are extremely small to avoid perturbing the plasma; the ceramic tube insulator is 0.05cm in diameter with a probe tip area of 0.002cm2. A series of current-voltage characteristics are obtained by applying a rapid sawtooth voltage wave form to the probe as it is scanned through the plasma at speeds of up to 2m∕s to produce the profiles with a spatial resolution of about 0.05cm. At discharge currents of 10–25A from the 1.5-cm-diameter hollow cathode, the plasma density inside the cathode is found to exceed 1014cm−3, with the peak density occurring upstream of the orifice. The plasma potentials on axis inside the cathode are found to be in the 10–20V range with electron temperatures of 2–5eV, depending on the discharge current and gas flow rate. A potential discontinuity or double layer of less than 10V is observed in the orifice region, and under certain conditions appears in the bright “plasma ball” in front of the cathode. This structure tends to change location and magnitude with discharge current, gas flow, and orifice size. A potential maximum proposed in the literature to exist in or near the cathode orifice is not observed. Instead, the plasma potential increases from the orifice exit both radially and axially over several centimeters to values of 5–10V above the anode voltage. The potential and temperature profiles inside the cathode are insensitive to anode configuration changes that alter the discharge voltage at a given flow. Application of an axial magnetic-field characteristic of the cathode region found in ring-cusp ion thrusters increases the plasma density in the cathode plume, but does not significantly change the potential or temperature. Measurements of the plasma profiles and the internal cathode parameters for a hollow cathode operating at discharge currents of up to 25A in xenon are shown and discussed.
Large-scale production of Extracellular Vesicles: report on the "massivEVs" ISEV workshop (2022)

Abstract: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) large-scale production is a crucial point for the translation of EVs from discovery to application of EV-based products. In October 2021, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV), along with support by the FET-OPEN projects, “The Extracellular Vesicle Foundry” (evFOUNDRY) and “Extracellular vesicles from a natural source for tailor-made nanomaterials” (VES4US), organized a workshop entitled “massivEVs” to discuss the potential challenges for translation of EV-based products. This report gives an overview of the topics discussed during “massivEVs”, the most important points raised, and the points of consensus reached after discussion among academia and industry representatives. Overall, the review of the existing EV manufacturing, upscaling challenges and directions for their resolution highlighted in the workshop painted an optimistic future for the expanding EV field.
Nonlinear Nanoimaging of Ultrafast Coherent Dynamics of Graphene (2019)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text T. Jiang, V. Kravtsov, M. Tokman, A. Belyanin, and M. B. Raschke, "Nonlinear Nanoimaging of Ultrafast Coherent Dynamics of Graphene," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 2019), paper FM2C.1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Acute kidney transplant failure following transurethral bladder polyp fulguration. (2005)

Ureteral obstruction and anastomotic leak represent the most common urologic complications of kidney transplantation. Delay in diagnosis or treatment can lead to allograft loss. Obstruction of the ureter occurs in 2% of kidney transplant recipients. Although the majority of cases are immediate technical complications of the operation, subsequent manipulation of the genitourinary system can result in iatrogenic ureteral injury. We report the case of a long-term kidney transplant recipient who developed obstructive uropathy and acute renal failure requiring dialysis after undergoing cystoscopy and bladder polyp fulguration. The etiology was inadvertent thermal injury of the ureteroneocystostomy incurred during the procedure. After attempted percutaneous management, definitive open repair resulted in a return of allograft function to baseline.
Progressive HTML for proximate and automatic interactions (2003)

Development and projections in the field of PDAs and wireless communication architectures let us consider new applications which exploit short range and direct exchanges. In a close future we may imagine mobile users equipped with wireless PDAs dynamically and spontaneously exchanging rich information in an ad hoc manner In such a context, a connection between two PDAs may be broken at any time because of the short communication range and the unconstrained mobility of the users. Thus, such spontaneous data exchanges become a real challenge. To perform spontaneous and relevant transmissions compatible with these volatile connections, we propose a method that progressively downloads information according to its importance. Then, we show an implementation of such a mechanism in a Web context by extending the actual browsers capabilities.
Does low serum carnosinase activity favor high-intensity exercise capacity? (2014)

Given the ergogenic properties of β-alanyl-L-histidine (carnosine) in skeletal muscle, it can be hypothesized that elevated levels of circulating carnosine could equally be advantageous for high-intensity exercises. Serum carnosinase (CN1), the enzyme hydrolyzing the dipeptide, is highly active in the human circulation. Consequently, dietary intake of carnosine usually results in rapid degradation upon absorption, yet this is less pronounced in subjects with low CN1 activity. Therefore, acute carnosine supplementation before high-intensity exercise could be ergogenic in these subjects. In a cross-sectional study, we determined plasma CN1 activity and content in 235 subjects, including 154 untrained controls and 45 explosive and 36 middle- to long-distance elite athletes. In a subsequent double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, 12 men performed a cycling capacity test at 110% maximal power output (CCT 110%) following acute carnosine (20 mg/kg body wt) or placebo supplementation. Blood samples were collected to measure CN1 content, carnosine, and acid-base balance. Both male and female explosive athletes had significantly lower CN1 activity (14% and 21% lower, respectively) and content (30% and 33% lower, respectively) than controls. Acute carnosine supplementation resulted only in three subjects in carnosinemia. The CCT 110% performance was not improved after carnosine supplementation, even when accounting for low/high CN1 content. No differences were found in acid-base balance, except for elevated resting bicarbonate following carnosine supplementation and in low CN1 subjects. In conclusion, explosive athletes have lower serum CN1 activity and content compared with untrained controls, possibly resulting from genetic selection. Acute carnosine supplementation does not improve high-intensity performance.
Abstract 3180: A fast solution to NGS library preparation with low nanogram DNA input (2012)

Abstract Next generation sequencing (NGS) has significantly impacted cancer genetics, enabling a comprehensive characterization of genomic abnormalities in the cancer genome at very high resolution. By delivering massive DNA sequences at unprecedented speed and cost, NGS promises to make personalized genome-based diagnosis and targeted cancer therapy a reality in the foreseeable future. To date, library construction with clinical samples has been a challenge, primarily due to the limited quantities of sample DNA available. To overcome this challenge, we have developed a fast library preparation method using novel NEBNext reagents and adaptors. This method enables library construction from a minimal quantity of DNA (&amp;lt; 5 ng), and can be used for both intact and fragmented DNA. Moreover, the workflow is compatible with multiple NGS platforms. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3180. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3180
Dermal Melanocortin Receptor Rebound in Diffuse Systemic Sclerosis after Anti‐TGFβ1 Antibody Therapy (2012)

Disturbed transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) signalling leads to enhanced synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM), which is manifested as systemic sclerosis (SSc), but this may be attenuated by the melanocortin system. Here, we report of rebound reaction in the gene expression of melanocortin receptor (MCR) subtypes and of the precursor of these receptors' ligands, the pro-opio-melanocortin protein (POMC), in the acute skin lesion of diffuse systemic sclerosis (dSSc) after treatment with a recombinant human anti-TGFβ1 antibody. Biopsies, taken from the leading edge of the skin lesion, before and after treatment of a patient with recent onset dSSc, were examined. Before treatment, increased levels of TGFβ mRNA and suppressed levels of POMC mRNA and MCR subtypes MC(1-3, 5) R mRNAs were seen in the lesion, compared with healthy controls. After treatment, there was a rebound expression of POMC, MC(2, 3, 5) R mRNAs. As the melanocortin system regulates collagen and melanin production, our findings add a new understanding to the pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the acute skin lesion of dSSc, which is characterized by enhanced ECM formation and changes in skin pigmentation.
Spin transfer torque switching dynamics in CoFeB/MgO magnetic tunnel junctions (2021)

We perform atomistic simulations of spin transfer torque switching dynamics in CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB magnetic tunnel junctions. We base our study on Slonczewski's model parametrized following the approach of Zhang, Levy, and Fert. We utilize excitation modes and the contour integral of the magnetization to perform a deeper analysis of the switching mechanism driven by spin transfer torque. Our results show a magnetization reversal driven by the combination of coherent and nonuniform excitation modes. These can be nonuniform and initiated by a coherent mode of the magnetization, or domain wall nucleated depending on the lateral size, temperature, and current density injected into the system. Larger current densities result in stronger excitation of nonuniform modes making the switching more easily subjected to thermal excitations and structural imperfections such as edge damage. Our findings agree with experimental works on spin transfer torque switching in similar CoFeB/MgO-based systems, and they suggest the presence of complex features in the magnetization dynamics. The analysis and the results presented here can help to gain a deeper understanding of spin transfer torque dynamics in nanoscale devices.
Directed Evolution Detects Supernumerary Centric Chromosomes Conferring Resistance to Azoles in Candida auris (2022)

Candida auris exhibits resistance to multiple antifungal drug classes and sterilization agents, posing threats to the immunocompromised worldwide. Among the four major geographical clades, the East Asian clade 2 isolates of C. auris are mostly drug susceptible. In this study, we experimentally evolved one such drug-susceptible isolate for multiple generations in the presence of the antifungal compound fluconazole and analyzed changes in the karyotype, DNA sequence, and gene expression profiles in three evolved drug-resistant isolates. Next-generation sequencing and electrophoretic karyotyping confirm the presence of segmental aneuploidy as supernumerary chromosomes originating from centromere-inclusive chromosomal duplication events in two such cases. A 638-kb region and a 675-kb region, both of which originated from chromosome 5 and contained its centromere region, are instances of supernumerary chromosome formation identified in two evolved fluconazole-resistant isolates. Loss of the supernumerary chromosomes from the drug-resistant isolates results in a complete reversal of fluconazole susceptibility. Transcriptome analysis of the third isolate identified overexpression of drug efflux pumps as a possible non-aneuploidy-driven mechanism of drug resistance. Together, this study reveals how both aneuploidy-driven and aneuploidy-independent mechanisms may operate in parallel in an evolving population of C. auris in the presence of an antifungal drug, in spite of starting from the same strain grown under similar conditions, to attain various levels of fluconazole resistance. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> Fungal pathogens develop drug resistance through multiple pathways by acquiring gene mutations, increasing the copy number of genes, or altering gene expression. In this study, we attempt to understand the mechanisms of drug resistance in the recently emerged superbug, C. auris. One approach to studying this aspect is identifying various mechanisms operating in drug-resistant clinical isolates. An alternative approach is to evolve a drug-susceptible isolate in the presence of an antifungal compound and trace the changes that result in drug resistance. Here, we evolve a drug-susceptible isolate of C. auris in the laboratory in the presence of a widely used antifungal compound, fluconazole. In addition to the already known changes like overexpression of drug efflux pumps, this study identifies a novel mechanism of azole resistance by the emergence of additional chromosomes through segmental duplication of chromosomal regions, including centromeres. The centric supernumerary chromosome helps stable amplification of a set of genes with an extra copy to confer fluconazole resistance.
Nucleotide Sequence Context Effect of a Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimer upon RNA Polymerase II Transcription (1997)

We have studied the role of sequence context upon RNA polymerase II arrest by a cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer using an in vitro transcription system consisting of templates containing a specifically located cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) and purified RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) and initiation factors. We selected a model sequence containing a well characterized site for RNAP II arrest in vitro, the human histone H3.3 gene arrest site. The 13-base pair core of the arrest sequence contains two runs of T in the nontranscribed strand that impose a bend in the DNA. We hypothesized that arrest of RNAP II might be affected by the presence of a CPD, based upon the observation that a CPD located at the center of a dA6.dT6 tract eliminates bending (Wang, C.-I., and Taylor, J.-S. (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 88, 9072-9076). We examined the normal H3.3 sequence and a mutant sequence containing a T --> G transversion, which reduces bending and efficiency of arrest. We show that a CPD in the transcribed strand at either of two locations in the arrest site is a potent block to transcription. However, a CPD in the nontranscribed strand only transiently pauses RNAP II. The CPD in concert with a mutation in the arrest site can reduce the extent of bending of the DNA and improve readthrough efficiency. These results demonstrate the potential importance of sequence context for the effect of CPDs within transcribed sequences.