gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microembolism and Catheter Ablation II (2012)

Cerebral embolization of air microbubbles or microparticulate debris that approximate the embolic sources from catheter ablation can create hyperintense DWI punctate lesions in a canine model. The location and size of the DWI/fluid attenuating inversion recovery lesions correlate with pathological findings.
Lack of blocking activity in anti-CTLA-4 antibodies reduces toxicity, but not anti-tumor efficacy (2021)

ABSTRACT Anti-CTLA-4 antibodies such as ipilimumab were among the first immune-oncology agents to show significantly improved outcomes for patients. However, existing anti-CTLA-4 therapies fail to induce a response in a majority of patients and can induce severe, immune-related adverse events. It has been assumed that checkpoint inhibition, i.e., blocking the interaction between CTLA-4 and its ligands, is the primary mechanism of action for ipilimumab. In this study we present evidence that checkpoint inhibition is not a primary mechanism of action for efficacy of anti-CTLA-4 antibodies. Instead, the primary mechanism for efficacy is FcR-mediated Treg depletion in the tumor microenvironment. First, we identified a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that binds to CTLA-4 at an epitope that differs from ipilimumab’s by only a few amino acids, yet has limited checkpoint inhibitor activity. Surprisingly, the weak checkpoint inhibitor has superior anti-tumor activity compared to ipilimumab in a murine model. The weak checkpoint inhibitor also induces less Treg proliferation and has increased ability to induce in vitro FcR signaling and in vivo depletion of intratumoral Tregs. Further experiments showed that the enhanced FcR activity of the weak checkpoint inhibitor likely contributes to its enhanced anti-tumor activity. Importantly, we also showed that weak checkpoint inhibition was associated with lower toxicity in murine models. Our work suggests that new anti-CTLA-4 drugs should be optimized for Treg depletion rather than checkpoint inhibition.
Thermally-Induced Pore Formation in Cell Membranes (1996)

Abstract A statistical mechanical model of pore formation in lipid bilayer membranes due to thermal fluctuations is coupled with a model of diffusion in pores to obtain predictions of cell membrane permeabilities to a variety of molecules. Predictions of pore size distributions in the cell membrane, as well as activation energies for transmembrane transport, are obtained for water, glycerol, and electrolytes, in a wide range of cell types. A good correlation between theoretical predictions and experimental data from the literature indicates that diffusion through transient bilayer pores may be an important cause of increased membrane permeability in thermally stressed cells.
Corpus processing for lexical acquisition (1997)

Part 1 Introduction: issues in text-based lexicon acquistion - the problem of lexical knowledge acquistion text-based lexicon acquisition, Branimir Boguraev, James Pustejovsky. Part 2 Coping with unknown lexicalizations: internal and external evidence in the identification and semantic categorization of proper names - introduction, internal versus external evidence, procedure overview - delimit, classify, record, the setting for the process, walking through an example, David D. McDonald identifying unknown proper names in newswire text - introduction, approaches to name identification, proper names - syntax and semantics, overall algorithm, mention generator, knowledge sources, representation of uncertainty, appositives, coreference, Inderjeet Mani, T. Richard MacMillan categorizing and standardizing proper nouns for efficient information retrieval - introduction, proper noun boundary identification, proper noun classification scheme, use of proper nouns in matching, performance evaluation, system comparisons, future directions, Woojin Paik, Elizabeth D. Liddy, Edmund Yu, Mary McKenna. Part 3 Task-driven lexicon induction: customizing a lexicon to better suit a computational task - introduction, creating categories from WORDNET, a topic labeler, augmenting categories with relevant terms, combining distant categories, Marti A. Hearst, Hinrich Schutze towards building contextual representations of word senses using statistical models - contextual representations, acquiring topical context, an upper bound for classifier performance, acquiring local context, Claudia Leacock, Geoffrey Towell, Ellen M. Voorhees. Part 4 Categorization of lexical units: a context driven conceptual clustering method for verb classification - introduction, CIAULA - an algorithm to acquire word clusters, basic level categories, Roberto Basili, Maria-Teresa Pazienza, Paola Velardi distinguished usage - introduction, information extraction, functionality in lexical semantics, integrating syntactic with semantic constraints, patterns, the current state of pattern acquisition, structural similarity clustering, lexical clustering using edit distance, context clustering, context method results, Scott A. Waterman. (Part contents).
Isolation and partial characterization of the internal structural proteins from murine intracisternal A particles (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsolation and partial characterization of the internal structural proteins from murine intracisternal A particlesDante J. Marciani and Edward L. KuffCite this: Biochemistry 1973, 12, 25, 5075–5083Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00749a008https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00749a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views18Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The field-assisted turn-off thyristor: a regenerative device with voltage-controlled turn-off (1992)

A solid-state switching element, the field-assisted turn-off (FATO) thyristor, has been developed. This is a regenerative device, which implies that it is capable of carrying very large current densities, with a very small forward voltage drop when it is in its on-state. Most regenerative devices cannot be turned off with a control signal; however, the structure of the FATO thyristor allows it to be switched off by applying a voltage to a high impedance, insulated-gate terminal. This device can also be fabricated with an insulated-gate turn-on structure, so that it is fully switchable using only low-current control signals. The design, fabrication, and characterization of the FATO thyristor are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Synthesis and X-ray structure of bis(trifluoromethyl)(N,N-diethyldithiocarbamato)-copper; a remarkably stable perfluoroalkylcopper(III) complex (1989)

The reaction between trifluoromethylcadmium reagent and Br2Cu(edtc)(edtc =N,N-diethyldithiocarbamato) or CdI+[(CF3)2Cu]– with [Et2NC(S)S]2 in DMF (dimethylformamide) at –30°C yields the stable CuIII perfluoroalkylcopper complex, (CF3)2CuSC(S)NEt2.
Thermodynamics of Addition of CO, Isocyanide, and H2 to Rh(PR3)2Cl (1995)

The enthalpies of the addition of CO, H-2, or Bu(f)NC to [Rh((PPr3)-Pr-i)(2)Cl](2) (1) to give the mononuclear complexes Rh((PPr3)-Pr-i)(2)Cl(CO) (2), Rh((PPr3)-Pr-i)(2)ClH2 (3), and Rh((PPr3)-Pr-i)(2)Cl(CNBu(t)) (4) are reported. 2-Ethylhexanal is decarbonylated by 1 to give n-heptane and 2; solution-phase calorimetric measurement of this reaction enables calculation of the enthalpy of addition of CO to 1. The coordinatively unsaturated dihydride 3 reacts with Bu(t)NC to give 4; measurement of the enthalpy of this reaction, and the direct reaction of 1 with Bu(t)NC, permits calculation of the enthalpy of addition of H-2 to 1. These results afford the relative enthalpies of addition to the hypothetical fragment Rh((PPr3)-Pr-i)(2)Cl. Although 1 was previously formulated as monomeric in solution, the complex is exclusively dimeric. Based on the observation that no measurable concentration of Rh((PPr3)-Pr-i)(2)Cl monomer exists in solution, a lower limit for the bridge strength of 1 is calculated which, in turn, affords lower limits for the exothermicity of additions to the hypothetical monomer: 48.2 kcal/mol for addition of CO (i.e, the Rh-CO BDE of 1), 42.4 kcal/mol for addition of Bu(t)NC, and 32.5 kcal/mol for addition of H-2. Although these values represent lower limits, the Rh-CO BDE and particularly the exothermicity of H-2 addition are quite high compared with previously reported values for second-row transition metals. These results are consistent with and help to explain the unusual ability of Rh(PMe(3))(2)Cl(CO) to efficiently catalyze photo- and thermochemical alkane functionalization reactions.
A CASE REPORT OF BREAST CARCINOMA CONCEALED BEHIND FIBROADENOMA (1989)

We report a case of breast fibroadenoma accompanied with, preoperatively undetected, invasive breast carcinoma in its dorsal position. The patient was a 36-year-old single female with left breast tumor, which had been present for 5 years. Its size remained unchanged but slightly enlarged for these 2 months. On physical examination, the tumor was 2.5cm in diameter, globular, elastic-hard, smooth-surfaced and sharp-edged. No axillary lymphnode was palpable. Mammo graphy and echography lacked malignant findings. Diagnosed as fibroadenoma, excisional biopsy was done. Histologically, the tumor was composed of two neoplasms; fibroadenoma (1.2cm in size) in the front and invasive ductal carcinoma (1.1cm in size) in the back. Because they were adjacent without invasion into each other, the latter seemed to arise from the breast tissues in the neighbourhood of the former. She was treated with Patey's operation.
A Resource Admission Control Scheme for Heterogeneous Wireless Network in BcN (2006)

In this paper, we present flexible bound resource admission control algorithm using softness profile to reduce handover blocking probability over heterogeneous network environment in BcN.
PtII Complexes with 6‐(5‐Trifluoromethyl‐Pyrazol‐3‐yl)‐2,2′‐Bipyridine Terdentate Chelating Ligands: Synthesis, Characterization, and Luminescent Properties (2008)

A series of Pt(II) complexes Pt(fpbpy)Cl (1), Pt(fpbpy)(OAc) (2), Pt(fpbpy)(NHCOMe) (3), Pt(fpbpy)(NHCOEt) (4), and [Pt(fpbpy)(NCMe)](BF(4)) (5) with deprotonated 6-(5-trifluoromethyl-pyrazol-3-yl)-2,2'-bipyridine terdentate ligand are prepared, among which 1 is converted to complexes 2-5 by a simple ligand substitution. Alternatively, acetamide complex 3 is prepared by hydrolysis of acetonitrile complex 5, while the back conversion from 3 to 1 is regulated by the addition of HCl solution, showing the reaction sequence 1-->5-->3-->1. Multilayer OLED devices are successfully fabricated by using triphenyl-(4-(9-phenyl-9H-fluoren-9-yl)phenyl) silane (TPSi-F) as host material and with doping concentrations of 1 varying from 7 to 100 %. The electroluminescence showed a substantial red-shifting versus the normal photoluminescence detected in solution. Moreover, at a doping concentration of 28 %, the device showed a saturated red luminescence with a maximum external quantum yield of 8.5 % at 20 mA cm(-2) and a peak luminescence of 47,543 cd m(-2) at 18.5 V.
Optical coherence contrast imaging using gold nanorods in living mice eyes (2014)

The high sensitivity and low toxicity of GNRs brings great promise for OCT to uniquely become a high-resolution molecular imaging modality.
A novel fixed displacement Electric-Hydraulic Hybrid (EH2) drivetrain for city vehicles (2013)

This paper proposes a novel Electric-Hydraulic Hybrid (EH2) drivetrain for Electric vehicles (EVs) and Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). In the proposed energy storage system, a hydraulic accumulator is employed to utilize its high power density. It can accept high frequencies of charging and discharging, making it more promising for industrial and automotive use in regenerative braking. Therefore, this technology is highly suitable for passenger cars, sport-racing vehicles, express cars and trucks in cities. Simulation results of regenerative braking process and power assistance process show that the parallel electric-hydraulic configuration is a promising solution towards energy storage and power assistance for electric vehicles.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Michael Addition of Thiophenols, Amino Acids, and Hydrazoic Acid to (2S)‐Hydroxymethyl‐dihydropyridone as a Convenient Route to Novel Azasugar Derivatives. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Volumetric peeling (2008)

Surgeons often desire a volume visualization where a region of interest (vessels, tumor) is isolated and viewed with complete clarity in relation to neighboring landmarks. A method to fade the landmarks/ surrounding structures in relation to the region of interest is desired as it provides context and an appreciation of the surgical approach. Current methods for generating these visualizations are either cumbersome (clip--planes) or require significant preprocessing (segmentation). Transfer functions, which can provide this visualization, are limited to datasets where a relation between voxel intensities and structures exists.We present a powerful, easy-to-use method for exploring volumetric data by controlling visibility according to membership volumes. These membership volumes facilitate a plethora of effects that cannot be achieved using conventional classification methods such as transfer functions. The membership volumes allow assignment of optical properties based on a combination of spatial and intensity criteria. Various membership functions, ranging from analytical to distance map based are shown. Through the use of Boolean operations in pixel shaders, we demonstrate several examples of interactive real-time visualization using our method.
Relationship between Ciliary Blood Flow and Aqueous Production in Rabbits (2003)

Under control conditions in anesthetized rabbits, aqueous production is independent of ciliary blood flow until ciliary blood flow declines below 74% of control. At ciliary blood flow below this critical level, aqueous production is blood flow dependent.
Evaluation of Airway Obstruction Using Virtual Endoscopy (2000)

Virtual endoscopy was not as sensitive as actual endoscopy in detecting the cause of airway obstruction that was based on dynamic movement. However, VE was excellent for the measurement and definition of fixed airway lesions.
Adaptive slicing for the three-dimensional plotting rapid prototyping process (2000)

3D Plotting is a relatively new rapid prototyping process that is quickly gaining acceptance in the marketplace. The process is an adaptation of inkjet printing in which ink is replaced by a molten thermoplastic material. The molten thermoplastic material is plotted and solidified one layer on top of the next until the part is complete. Parts built via any layered manufacturing technique are characterized by “stair stepped” surfaces that can result in a rough finish on the part. The use of very thin layers can alleviate this problem, however, this dramatically increases prototyping time and cost. In order to achieve balance between build speed and part quality, some researchers advocate the use of adaptive slicing algorithms that examine the part geometry and attempt to use the thickest possible layers in a given region that satisfy the surface roughness requirements. One of the challenges with adaptive slicing is that it is dependent on process parameters and is therefore process specific. 
This research represents the one of the first known in depth studies of the 3D Plotting process. A process capability study was performed in order to determine the relationship between process parameter levels and the resulting surface roughness. The data was used to create a predictive model of surface roughness using a backpropagation neural network. Test results indicate that the network is quite effective at generalizing to new process configurations. The predictive surface roughness model is used in a newly developed 3D Plotting adaptive slicing algorithm. On a region by region basis, the algorithm determines the fastest machine configuration that can be used to build a part while satisfying the surface roughness requirements. The adaptive slicing system has been tested, and results documenting substantial time and cost savings are presented.
Towards formally specifying and verifying transactional memory (2012)

Abstract Over the last decade, great progress has been made in developing practical transactional memory (TM) implementations, but relatively little attention has been paid to precisely specifying what it means for them to be correct, or formally proving that they are. In this paper, we present TMS1 (Transactional Memory Specification 1), a precise specification of correct behaviour of a TM runtime library. TMS1 targets TM runtimes used to implement transactional features in an unmanaged programming language such as C or C++. In such contexts, even transactions that ultimately abort must observe consistent states of memory; otherwise, unrecoverable errors such as divide-by-zero may occur before a transaction aborts, even in a correct program in which the error would not be possible if transactions were executed atomically. We specify TMS1 precisely using an I/O automaton (IOA). This approach enables us to also model TM implementations using IOAs and to construct fully formal and machine-checked correctness proofs for them using well established proof techniques and tools. We outline key requirements for a TM system. To avoid precluding any implementation that satisfies these requirements, we specify TMS1 to be as general as we can, consistent with these requirements. The cost of such generality is that the condition does not map closely to intuition about common TM implementation techniques, and thus it is difficult to prove that such implementations satisfy the condition. To address this concern, we present TMS2, a more restrictive condition that more closely reflects intuition about common TM implementation techniques. We present a simulation proof that TMS2 implements TMS1, thus showing that to prove that an implementation satisfies TMS1, it suffices to prove that it satisfies TMS2. We have formalised and verified this proof using the PVS specification and verification system.
Association of complementary oligoribonucleotides in aqueous solution (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAssociation of complementary oligoribonucleotides in aqueous solutionS. R. Jaskunas, Charles R. Cantor, and I. TinocoCite this: Biochemistry 1968, 7, 9, 3164–3178Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00849a020https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00849a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views46Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Compact Dual-Band Antenna Based on SIW Technology (2018)

In this paper., a compact dual-band antenna based on substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) technology is proposed. The antenna is comprised by three layers. The top layer is a SIW cavity-backed slot antenna while the middle layer is a quarter-mode SIW (QMSIW) antenna. A microstrip feeding line is configured on the bottom layer connecting to a vertically-oriented probe penetrating through the three layers to feed the antenna. Full-wave simulations show that two operational bands with unidirectional radiation along broadside direction are successfully achieved at 2.6 and 5.9 GHz. The fractional bandwidths are equal to 1.54% and 2.71 %., respectively. The overall size of the antenna is 33mm×43mm×5. 23mm, which is extremely compact. Moreover., parametric studies revealed that the two bands can be tuned separately by adjusting the appropriate design parameters.
The controlled catalytic oxidation of furfural to furoic acid using AuPd/Mg(OH)2 (2017)

The selective oxidation of furfural to furoic acid is achieved at mild reaction conditions over an AuPd/Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub> heterogeneous catalyst.
Precision time-transfer in transport networks using digital cross-connect systems (1990)

A technique for precise synchronization of the time-of-day clocks in networks of digital cross-connect systems (DCSs) is described. This method is intended to enhance the performance of reconfigurable transport networks and is specifically devised to exploit the fine time resolution of the carrier signals to which a DCS has direct access. The resulting scheme is a master-slave, multisite, implicitly delay compensated, nonhierarchical time-transfer method with a theoretical precision of one bit time at the carrier rate. In practice, precision is limited by transmission span delay asymmetries but residual time errors of under 1 mu s are predicted. The method is intended for n/n space-switching DCS, but other DCS properties can be accommodated. Requirements for DCS equipment design are given, including a generic circuit module for DCS hardware support of the time transfer function. The proposed method applies to DS-3 networks or synchronous optical networks and requires no change in the standards. Measurement or improved estimation of characteristic span delay asymmetries is recommended to refine the preliminary performance estimate.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Magnetic tunnel junctions with L1-ordered FePt alloy electrodes (2004)

Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with L10-ordered FePt alloy electrodes were prepared on MgO(110) substrates, and structure and magnetotransport properties of the MTJs have been investigated. Tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) of 34% is observed at 77 K for a junction with the FePt alloy electrode in which the degree of chemical order S is estimated to be ∼0.7. From S dependence of TMR in the MTJs, it is suggested that the spin polarization of FePt alloy electrodes increases with chemical ordering, which is consistent with first principles band structure calculations.