gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Epigenetic analysis of patients with T-ALL identifies poor outcomes and a hypomethylating agent-responsive subgroup (2021)

Adult "T cell" acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematological malignancy that is associated with poor outcomes, requiring additional therapeutic options. The DNA methylation landscapes of adult T-ALL remain undercharacterized. Here, we systematically analyzed the DNA methylation profiles of normal thymic-sorted T cell subpopulations and 143 primary adult T-ALLs as part of the French GRAALL 2003-2005 trial. Our results indicated that T-ALL is epigenetically heterogeneous consisting of five subtypes (C<sub>1</sub>-C<sub>5</sub>), which were either associated with co-occurring <i>DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha</i> (<i>DNMT3A</i>)/<i>isocitrate dehydrogenase</i> [<i>NADP</i>(<i>+</i>)] <i>2</i> (<i>IDH2</i>) mutations (C<sub>1</sub>), <i>TAL bHLH transcription factor 1</i>, <i>erythroid differentiation factor</i> (<i>TAL1</i>) deregulation (C<sub>2</sub>), <i>T cell leukemia homeobox 3</i> (<i>TLX3</i>) (C<sub>3</sub>), <i>TLX1</i>/in <i>cis</i>-<i>homeobox A9</i> (<i>HOXA9</i>) (C<sub>4</sub>), or in <i>trans</i>-<i>HOXA9</i> overexpression (C<sub>5</sub>). Integrative analysis of DNA methylation and gene expression identified potential cluster-specific oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. In addition to an aggressive hypomethylated subgroup (C<sub>1</sub>), our data identified an unexpected subset of hypermethylated T-ALL (C<sub>5</sub>) associated with poor outcome and primary therapeutic response. Using mouse xenografts, we demonstrated that hypermethylated T-ALL samples exhibited therapeutic responses to the DNA hypomethylating agent 5-azacytidine, which significantly (survival probability; <i>P</i> = 0.001 for C<sub>3</sub>, 0.01 for C<sub>4</sub>, and 0.0253 for C<sub>5</sub>) delayed tumor progression. These findings suggest that epigenetic-based therapies may provide an alternative treatment option in hypermethylated T-ALL.
A Survey on Controller Area Network Reverse Engineering (2023)

Controller Area Network (CAN) is a masterless serial bus designed and widely used for the exchange of mission and time-critical information within commercial vehicles. Invehicle communication is based on messages sent and received by Electronic Control Units (ECUs) connected to this serial bus network. Although unencrypted, CAN messages are not easy to interpret. In fact, Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) attempt to achieve security through obscurity by encoding the data in their proprietary format, which is kept secret from the general public. As a result, the only way to obtain clear data is to reverse engineer CAN messages. Driven by the need for in-vehicle message interpretation, which is highly valuable in the automotive industry, researchers and companies have been working to make this process automated, fast, and standardized. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of the state of the art and summarize the major advances in CAN bus reverse engineering. We are the first to provide a taxonomy of CAN tokenization and translation techniques. Based on the reviewed literature, we highlight an important issue: the lack of a public and standardized dataset for the quantitative evaluation of translation algorithms. In response, we define a complete set of requirements for standardizing the data collection process. We also investigate the risks associated with the automation of CAN reverse engineering, in particular with respect to the security network and the safety and privacy of drivers and passengers. Finally, we discuss future research directions in CAN reverse engineering.
A Peptoid with Extended Shape in Water (2019)

“Peptoids” was proposed, over decades ago, as a term describing analogs of peptides that exhibit better physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties than peptides. Oligo-(N-substituted glycines) (oligo-NSG) was previously proposed as a peptoid due to its high proteolytic resistance and membrane permeability. However, oligo-NSG is conformationally flexible and is difficult to achieve a defined shape in water. This conformational flexibility is severely limiting biological application of oligo-NSG. Here, we propose oligo-(N-substituted alanines) (oligo-NSA) as a new peptoid that forms a defined shape in water. A synthetic method established in this study enabled the first isolation and conformational study of optically pure oligo-NSA. Computational simulations, crystallographic studies and spectroscopic analysis demonstrated the well-defined extended shape of oligo-NSA realized by backbone steric effects. The new class of peptoid achieves the constrained conformation without any assistance of N-substituents and serves as an ideal scaffold for displaying functional groups in well-defined three-dimensional space, which leads to effective biomolecular recognition.
Influence of Solvent and Polymer Chain Length on the Hemolysis of SG1-Based Alkoxyamines (2003)

In nitroxide mediated radical polymerizations (NMP) the polymerization times and the polymer polydispersities decrease with the increasing homolysis rate of the C-ON bond between the polymer chain and the nitroxide end group. Therefore, the factors influencing the rate constants kd of alkoxyamine cleavage are of considerable interest. Here, we describe the influence of the medium polarity and viscosity on kd for the alkoxyamine 2-[N-tertiobutyl-N-(1-diethoxy-phosphoryl-2,2-dimethylpropyl) aminoxy] methyl propionate, and the effect of the polymer chain length on kd for polystyryl-SG1 and poly(n-butyl acrylate)-SG1 macro-alkoxyamines. In contrast to other alkoxyamines, kd of 2-[N-tertiobutyl-N-(1-diethoxyphosphoryl-2,2-dimethylpropyl) aminoxy] methyl propionate does not depend on the medium polarity. This points to the absence of polar contribution to the transition state of homolysis. The solvent viscosity does not influence the rate constant kd, which means that cage effects are unimportant. Finally, the influence of the chain length depends on the type of polymer, it is very weak for polystyryl-SG1 but significant for poly(n-butyl acrylate)-SG1.
Robust State Observers for Two Wheeled Inverted Pendulum under wheel-slip (2019)

Two Wheeled Inverted Pendulums (TWIP) are among the most agile wheeled robots; as such, they are the perfect choice for Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGV) that need to perform tight turns. TWIP's parallel-wheels structure allows turning-on-the-spot, but makes them intrinsically unstable; as such they require a closed-loop controller to prevent toppling. Accurate estimates of the vehicle dynamical states are required at all times. TWIPs are often used only in undemanding environments as testbeds for the development and testing of new control strategies on nonlinear underactuated systems. This work is dedicated to the development of a complete suite of state observers to be used on TWIPs operating in challenging environments. In particular, the robustness of the estimates to temperature-related gyrometer biases and wheel slip events will be verified. The effectiveness of the algorithms will be demonstrated using a prototype TWIP designed to operate as an autonomous parcel-delivery robot in urban environments.
RETRACTED: Chitin, Chitosan, and Its Derivatives for Wound Healing: Old and New Materials (2015)

Chitin (β-(1-4)-poly-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine) is widely distributed in nature and is the second most abundant polysaccharide after cellulose. It is often converted to its more deacetylated derivative, chitosan. Previously, many reports have indicated the accelerating effects of chitin, chitosan, and its derivatives on wound healing. More recently, chemically modified or nano-fibrous chitin and chitosan have been developed, and their effects on wound healing have been evaluated. In this review, the studies on the wound-healing effects of chitin, chitosan, and its derivatives are summarized. Moreover, the development of adhesive-based chitin and chitosan are also described. The evidence indicates that chitin, chitosan, and its derivatives are beneficial for the wound healing process. More recently, it is also indicate that some nano-based materials from chitin and chitosan are beneficial than chitin and chitosan for wound healing. Clinical applications of nano-based chitin and chitosan are also expected.
A Flatness Based Approach to Trajectory Modification of Residual Motion of Cable Transporter Systems (2004)

As high-rise buildings continue to grow, the design and control of elevators to transport passengers safely, quickly, and comfortably still remains a challenging problem. An important issue in ‘elevatoring’ is to transport passengers with minimal residual motion once the elevator has reached its destination floor. A simple and elegant solution of the residual motion control problem can be given using the theory of δ-flatness. First, we present modeling and residual motion control with non-negative inputs of a cable transporter system, consisting of a rigid body (the object) connected by two flexible ropes. Then, we present results for a special case of the general transporter problem, the residual motion control of elevator. A laboratory scale experimental demonstration of the residual motion control is also presented in this paper.
Thermal Simulation and Experimental Analysis of Optically Pumped InP-on-Si Micro- and Nanocavity Lasers (2022)

There is a general trend of downscaling laser cavities, but with high integration and energy densities of nanocavity lasers, significant thermal issues affect their operation. The complexity of geometrical parameters and the various materials involved hinder the extraction of clear design guidelines and operation strategies. Here, we present a systematic thermal analysis of InP-on-Si micro- and nanocavity lasers based on steady-state and transient thermal simulations and experimental analysis. In particular, we investigate the use of metal cavities for improving the thermal properties of InP-on-Si micro- and nanocavity lasers. Heating of lasers is studied by using Raman thermometry and the results agree well with simulation results, both revealing a temperature reduction of hundreds of kelvins for the metal-clad cavity. Transient simulations are carried out to improve our understanding of the dynamic temperature variation under pulsed and continuous wave pumping conditions. The results show that the presence of a metal cladding not only increases the overall efficiency in heat dissipation but also causes a much faster temperature response. Together with optical experimental results under pulsed pumping, we conclude that a pulse width of 10 ns and a repetition rate of 100 kHz is the optimal pumping condition for a 2 μm wide square cavity.
[Cardiac failure caused by intrapericardial chronic expanding hematoma 18 years after CABG]. (2012)

Chronic expanding hematoma(CEH)was first recognized by Reid in 1980. It begins to expand chronically more than 1 month after surgery or trauma, which is considered the possible cause of bleeding. It resembles chronic subdural hematoma. Most of the reports on CEH are those in the thoracic cavity or muscles, and few are in the pericardial cavity after open heart surgery. Our case was a 64-year-old male, who had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) 18 years before. He presented with symptoms of heart failure such as exertional dyspnea, general fatigue and appetite loss. Computed tomography( CT) scan showed severe compression of the left ventricle by a large mass, and he was diagnosed with intrapericardial CEH. Resection of the severely calcified epicardium as well as removal of the hematoma in the pericardial cavity was performed, and the symptoms of heart failure improved. No recurrence has been noted for 1 year since the operation. A long-term follow-up will be necessary.
ALL-SOLID-STATE 3-D RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERIES WITH SILICON ROD STRUCTURED ELECTRODE (2010)

This paper presents 3-D MEMS-fabricated lithium rechargeable batteries relying on structured silicon rods as anodes in order to increase the effective electrode area. A new method of fabricating silicon micro/nano rod arrays with controllable diameters in the range of 300 nm-8 m is proposed. 2 m silicon rods as anodes were successfully incorporated into an all-solidstate battery construction. The structured architecture of the silicon electrodes allowed for a heightened surface area as well as improvement in cycle life and capacity over comparable planar electrodes. Structured rod array electrodes showed a first cycle columbic efficiency over 80% which is more than double that of conventional powder composite silicon electrodes. Galvanostatic cycling of structured silicon rod electrodes showed highly reversible capacity for high current densities.
Performance Analysis of k-ary n-cube Interconnection Networks (1990)

VLSI communication networks are wire-limited, i.e. the cost of a network is not a function of the number of switches required, but rather a function of the wiring density required to construct the network. Communication networks of varying dimensions are analyzed under the assumption of constant wire bisection. Expressions for the latency, average case throughput, and hot-spot throughput of k-ary n-cube networks with constant bisection that agree closely with experimental measurements are derived. It is shown that low-dimensional networks (e.g. tori) have lower latency and higher hot-spot throughput than high-dimensional networks (e.g. binary n-cubes) with the same bisection width. >
Fifth-Generation Control Channel Design: Achieving Ultrareliable Low-Latency Communications (2018)

The fifth generation (5G) of wireless systems holds the promise of supporting a wide range of services with different communication requirements. Ultrareliable low-latency communication (URLLC) is a generic service that enables mission-critical applications, such as industrial automation, augmented reality, and vehicular communications [1]. URLLC has stringent requirements for the reliability and latency of delivering both data and control information. To meet these requirements, the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has been introducing new features in the upcoming releases of the cellular system standards, i.e., Releases 15 and beyond. This article reviews some of these features and introduces new enhancements for designing the control channels to efficiently support URLLC. In particular, a flexible slot structure is presented as a solution to detect a failure in delivering the control information at an early stage, thereby allowing timely retransmissions of the control information. Finally, some remaining challenges and envisioned research directions are discussed for shaping the 5G new radio (NR) as a unified wireless access technology for supporting different services.
The 3‐2‐1 state respiratory rhythm generator hypothesis revealed by microsectioning, reduced extracellular chloride and alterations in arterial gas tensions in the in situ rat (2007)

We proposed that the pre‐Bötzinger complex (pBC), a region generating inspiratory (I) activity in vitro , is embedded within a pontomedullary network in the intact animal. We tested if the pBC, Bötzinger complex (BC) and pons represent distinct functional compartments with a hierarchical organization. Using the in situ arterially perfused rat preparation, which preserves the pontomedullary respiratory network, phrenic (P), central vagal (X), hypoglossal (XII) and abdominal (AB) nerves were recorded. In the intact system, a 3‐phase rhythm was observed with ramp‐inspiratory pattern in P, X and XII, with post‐inspiratory (PI) discharge in X and AB. Pontine transection, reducing chloride (75%), or exposing to hypocapnia (3–4%CO 2 ), induced a 2‐phase rhythm. P, XII and X exhibited square‐wave inspiratory discharge, PI activity in X was absent and AB discharged throughout expiration. The frequency of this 2‐phase I–E rhythm was not affected by riluzole (10μM), a blocker of persistent sodium channels. Removal of the BC or exposure to hypocapnia/hypoxia (3%CO 2 , 40%O 2 ), resulted in a pBC‐generated 1‐phase rhythm, (with no AB activity), the frequency of which was riluzole‐sensitive. We conclude that the pons, BC, and pBC have a hierarchical spatial and functional organization reflected mechanistically by distinct 3, 2 and 1 phase rhythms reflecting different functional states. Support: CRCNS and the IRP of NINDS, NIH .
Alloplastische Scaffolds als Trommelfellersatz (2019)

Der Verschluss und die Wiederherstellung der Funktionen des Trommelfells können mit autologem, alloplastischem Gewebe oder synthetischen Materialien erfolgen.
The ST2 Pathway Is Involved in Acute Pancreatitis (2012)

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease in which the regulatory pathways are not clearly elucidated. Activation of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and immunomodulation via MyD88, the first signaling molecule in the ST2 pathway, seem to be involved. Because IL-33, the ST2 ligand, is an IL-1 family member and acts as an alarmin, we explored the ST2 pathway in human and mouse AP. Soluble ST2 was assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in plasma of 44 patients admitted for AP. The levels of soluble ST2 increased early during AP and correlated with parameters of severity. Under two different experimental models of AP (ie, choline-deficient-ethionine-supplemented diet and cerulein injections), ST2-deficient mice (Il1rl1(-/-)) presented with more severe disease than wild-type mice, with increased activation of mast cells. In vitro, Il1rl1(-/-) bone-marrow-derived mast cells exhibited exacerbated degranulation, compared with the wild type. Flow cytometry identified mast cells as the main peritoneal population expressing ST2. Using immunohistochemistry and ELISA, we showed constitutive expression of IL-33 in murine pancreas and its release during experimental AP. Correlated with AP severity, increased soluble ST2 levels evoke involvement of the ST2 pathway in human AP. Furthermore, our experimental data suggest a protective role for ST2 during AP, highlighting the potential regulatory role of mast cells and the possibility of the ST2 pathway as a new therapeutic target in AP.
Treatment of Experimental Herpesvirus Infections with Phosphonoformate and Some Comparisons with Phosphonoacetate (1978)

Phosphonoformate (PF) at a concentration of 5 to 10 mug/ml inhibited the growth of type 1 strains of herpes simplex virus (HSV) in tissue culture, whereas 20 to 30 mug/ml was required for inhibition of type 2 strains and about 50 mug/ml was required for murine cytomegalovirus. In mice inoculated intraperitoneally or intracerebrally with HSV or intraperitoneally with murine cytomegalovirus, treatment with 250 to 400 mg of PF per kg twice daily for 5 days had only minimal effectiveness. When mice were inoculated intravaginally (i.vg.) with HSV type 2 and treated i.vg. with 10% PF beginning 3 h after viral inoculation, treatment was effective in completely inhibiting viral replication in the genital tract. If i.vg. therapy was initiated 24 h after infection, when the mice had a mean virus titer of 10(5) plaque-forming units in vaginal secretions, a significant reduction in the mean virus titer was observed on days 3, 5, and 7 after infection as compared with control animals. In guinea pigs treated i.vg. with 10% PF beginning 6 h after i.vg. inoculation with HSV type 2 there was also complete inhibition of viral replication in the genital tract, and no extenal lesions developed. When therapy was initiated 24 h after infection there was a 4 to 5-log decrease in viral titers on days 3, 5, and 7 of the infection and a slight delay in the development of external lesions.
Ultra‐compact dual‐polarised UWB MIMO antenna with meandered feeding lines (2017)

An ultra‐compact dual‐polarised ultra‐wideband multi‐input multi‐output antenna made with a single‐shared‐radiating element and two meandered feeding lines are proposed. Miniaturisation is achieved by using a combination of techniques, including a resonant stub connected to the ground through which shorts the excessive coupled energy before it reaches the other port and minimises coupling, slots etched in the radiator that also help minimise mutual coupling, while the meandered lines allow to bring the antenna closer to the greatly reduce the overall size of the antenna. Slots etched in the radiator and the use of a stub connected to the ground through, help to minimise the mutual coupling. The formation of orthogonal surface currents provides the necessary dual polarisation. Simulated and measured results demonstrate the wideband impedance matching, low mutual coupling and low envelope correlation coefficient. This antenna has an extremely compact size (22 × 24.3 mm 2 , including the ground plane) that makes it an excellent candidate for portable and handheld devices.
Dielectric studies. XXXIII. Establishment of acetyl group relaxation in mino-and P-substituted benzene compounds (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDielectric studies. XXXIII. Establishment of acetyl group relaxation in mino-and P-substituted benzene compoundsD. B. Farmer, P. F. Mountain, and S. WalkerCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1973, 77, 5, 714–717Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100624a032https://doi.org/10.1021/j100624a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views24Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Demonstrating production quality multiple exposure patterning aware routing for the 10NM node (2014)

This paper reviews the escalation in design constraints imposed on 2<sup>nd</sup> level wiring by multiple patterning exposure techniques in the 10NM technology node (i.e. ~45nm wiring pitch) relative to the 14NM technology node (i.e. 64nm wiring pitch). Specifically, new challenges facing place-and-route tooling are outlined, solutions to overcome these challenges are reviewed, and a manufacturing ready implementation is demonstrated.
Design of a high efficiency 22 kW wireless power transfer system for EVs fast contactless charging stations (2014)

The technology of wireless charging, also referred to as wireless power transfer (WPT) or inductive power transfer (IPT), has been successfully applied at the low power level, such as applications in the medical field or in small devices such as smart phones Along with the fast growing interest in electric vehicles (EVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), wireless charging is becoming a new way of charging batteries. In this paper, the design of a WPT system for electrical bus fast wireless charging stations will be presented. The system is composed by a two stage switching power supply, i.e. a multiphase soft-switching buck converter controlling the output power and a high-frequency resonant full-bridge converter connected to a series-series compensation topology. The input DC voltage is around 700 V and the maximum output power is 22 kW. An analytical description of the system is reported, as well as simulations and experimental results based on a TMS320F28335 DSP are presented to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed system.