gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cellular microtubules heterogeneous in their content of microtubule‐associated protein 4 (MAP4) (1994)

Previous immunolocalization studies using many primate cultured cell lines demonstrated that a microtubule-associated protein of M(r) approximately 210,000 which is now called MAP4, is present along the length of microtubules in interphase and mitotic cells [Bulinski and Borisy (1980) J. Cell Biol. 87:802-808; DeBrabander et al. (1981) J. Cell Biol. 91:438-455]. Since MAP4 has been implicated as a microtubule stabilizer, we asked whether all classes of microtubules possess an equal complement of MAP4. We have reexamined the cellular distribution of MAP4, using both conventional double-label immunofluorescence and an antibody blocking technique [Schulze and Kirschner (1987) J. Cell Biol. 104:277-288] to highlight microtubules lacking, or depleted in, MAP4. These techniques have revealed that thin processes extending from monkey kidney cells (TC-7), and those made by human neuroblastoma cells (IMR-32) in response to retinoic acid, are often deficient in MAP4 immunoreactivity. Since both types of cellular processes contain stable microtubules, which are enriched in detyrosinated (Glu) tubulin, we tested the ability of MAP4 to bind to microtubules made from pure Glu and pure tyrosinated (Tyr) tubulin in vitro. MAP4 bound to both types of microtubules, and the similar saturation level of MAP4 binding to Glu and Tyr microtubules suggested that differential binding to these forms of tubulin does not contribute directly to a mechanism for segregation of MAP4 on microtubules in vivo. In TC-7 cells, we also observed MAP4-depletion on single microtubules, distal regions of broad cytoplasmic extensions, and midbodies of dividing cells. MAP4 depletion may reflect recent, rapid growth of microtubules to which MAP4 has not yet bound, or the presence of other MAPs that may compete with MAP4 for binding sites on the MT. We suggest that different levels of MAP4 on microtubules may directly modulate microtubule dynamics within single cells, as well as other microtubule functions such as those involving microtubule motor activity.
Postharvest Control ofBotrytis cinereaon Cut Rose Flowers with Pyrrolnitrin (1993)

Pyrrolnitrin, an antibiotic isolated from Pseudomonas cepacia, was tested for postharvest control of Botrytis cinerea infections on cut Sonia and Royalty rose flowers. After pyrrolnitrin was applied as a bud dip, buds were inoculated with conidia of B. cinerea and stored for 7 days at 2 C. Dip treatments of 12-200 mg/L significantly reduced lesion development during storage at 2 C and promoted poststorage fresh weight gain (an index of cut flower quality). No phytotoxicity was observed on leaves or petals at concentrations of pyrrolnitrin up to 200 mg/L. Dip treatment with 100 mg/L reduced lesion development by about 90% compared to inoculated control flowers and prevented poststorage flower rot (.)
<title>Visual search in medical images: a new methodology to quantify saliency</title> (1995)

The quantification of object saliency in 2D grayscale images is of primary importance in medical imaging. Saliency, in this paper, refers to the detectability of objects of unknown location, an object being a feature of interest in an image. Object saliency is commonly measured by the speed of an observer at performing a detection task. The more salient an object is, the more quickly it can be detected. The questions raised in this paper are (1) whether the degree of saliency of an object can be solely predicted from its detectability as measured in a location know-exactly task, or whether factors such as geometry and context contribute to saliency in a more complex fashion and (2) whether the contribution of geometry and background complexity to saliency can be quantified. This paper focuses on the problem of detection of stenoses in simulated angiograms. Results from a first such study are presented. From those results a new general methodology to measure saliency in 2D grayscale images was inferred and is presented.
A note on group divisible designs with mutually orthogonal resolutions (1988)

Abstract In this note, we use a geometric construction to produce group divisible designs with mutually orhogonal resolutions.
Establishment of a 3D engineered skeletal muscle-motoneuron co-culture using fibrin-cast gels (2011)

The successful in vitro engineering of complex tissues such as skeletal muscle would be of great benefit in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, muscle physiology and neuromuscular research. A number of in vitro engineered models of skeletal muscle have been described that demonstrate many structural, biochemical and physiological similarities to in vivo muscle. As yet, however, there is no truly biomimetic in vitro model of skeletal muscle. An important aspect of in vivo muscle development and maintenance is the presence of a neuronal input via neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). Here we have increased the complexity of existing muscle models by introducing primary motoneurons with the aim of engineering a functional neuronal input in an established in vitro skeletal muscle model.
Quantum Information Processing with Nuclear Spin-Based Devices (2005)

This talk will illustrate the benefits offered by QIP with two devices which use quantum entanglement among nuclear spins to perform high-precision measurements: (1) a spin gyroscope that operates by detecting the frequency shift in the spins precession rate in the rotating frame, which is potentially more accurate than mechanical or optical devices; (2) a quantum amplifier which correlates the states of a macroscopic number of nuclear spins with the state of a single target spin, so that a collective measurement of the state of the amplifier’s spins reveals that of the target spin. Some potential implementations of these devices based on nuclear spins in naturally occurring materials will also be described.
Epitope localization of monoclonal antibodies against factor VIII light chain which inhibit complex formation by factor VIII with von Willebrand factor. (1991)

We obtained three clones of monoclonal antibodies against factor VIII by immunization with purified human factor VIII. The anti-factor VIII procoagulant activity of these antibodies ranged from 2 to 53 Bethesda units/mg of IgG. According to an immunoblotting study, all antibodies reacted with the 80 kDa light chain but not with 72 kDa peptides derived from thrombin digestion of factor VIII. We attempted to localize the antigenic epitopes of these antibodies by a competitive blocking assay using synthetic peptides and recombinant fragments of the amino-terminal region of factor VIII light chain. In the former assay, a 50 microM peptide containing the fifteen amino acid residues from the Val1670-Glu1684 completely inhibited the binding of the three monoclonal antibodies to immobilized factor VIII. In the latter experiment, 13 reactive recombinant peptides were obtained. Sequences of these peptides revealed fourteen overlapped amino acid residues from Glu1675 to Pro1688. All three antibodies at a final concentration of around 10 micrograms/ml completely inhibited the binding of 125I-labelled factor VIII to immobilized von Willebrand factor (vWF). We conclude that ten amino acid residues, 1675EDFDIYDEDE1684 in the factor VIII light chain are important for complex formation with vWF.
Treatment of Patients with Aortic Dissection Presenting with Peripheral Vascular Complications (1990)

The incidence of peripheral vascular complications in 272 patients with aortic dissection during a 25-year span was determined, as was outcome after a uniform, aggressive surgical approach directed at repair of the thoracic aorta. One hundred twenty-eight patients (47%) presented with acute type A dissection, 70 (26%) with chronic type A, 40 (15%) with acute type B, and 34 (12%) with chronic type B dissections. Eighty-five patients (31%) sustained one or more peripheral vascular complications: Seven (3%) had a stroke, nine (3%) had paraplegia, 66 (24%) sustained loss of a peripheral pulse, 22 (8%) had impaired renal perfusion, and 14 patients (5%) had compromised visceral perfusion. Following repair of the thoracic aorta, local peripheral vascular procedures were unnecessary in 92% of patients who presented with absence of a peripheral pulse. The operative mortality rate for all patients was 25% +/- 3% (68 of 272 patients). For the subsets of individuals with paraplegia, loss of renal perfusion, and compromised visceral perfusion, the operative mortality rates (+/- 70% confidence limits) were high: 44% +/- 17% (4 of 9 patients), 50% +/- 11% (11 of 22 patients), and 43% +/- 14% (6 of 14 patients), respectively. The mortality rates were lower for patients presenting with stroke (14% +/- 14% [1 of 7 patients]) or loss of peripheral pulse (27% +/- 6% [18 of 66 patients]). Multivariate analysis revealed that impaired renal perfusion was the only peripheral vascular complication that was a significant independent predictor of increased operative mortality risk (p = 0.024); earlier surgical referral (replacement of the appropriate section of the thoracic aorta) or more expeditious diagnosis followed by surgical renal artery revascularization after a thoracic procedure may represent the only way to improve outcome in this high-risk patient subset. Early, aggressive thoracic aortic repair (followed by aortic fenestration and/or abdominal exploration with or without direct visceral or renal vascular reconstruction when necessary) can save some patients with compromised visceral perfusion; however, once visceral infarction develops the prognosis is also poor. Increased awareness of these devastating complications of aortic dissection and the availability of better diagnostic tools today may improve the survival rate for these patients in the future. The initial surgical procedure should include repair of the thoracic aorta in most patients.
ParSetgnostics: Quality Metrics for Parallel Sets (2021)

Abstract While there are many visualization techniques for exploring numeric data, only a few work with categorical data. One prominent example is Parallel Sets, showing data frequencies instead of data points ‐ analogous to parallel coordinates for numerical data. As nominal data does not have an intrinsic order, the design of Parallel Sets is sensitive to visual clutter due to overlaps, crossings, and subdivision of ribbons hindering readability and pattern detection. In this paper, we propose a set of quality metrics, called ParSetgnostics (Parallel Sets diagnostics), which aim to improve Parallel Sets by reducing clutter. These quality metrics quantify important properties of Parallel Sets such as overlap, orthogonality, ribbon width variance, and mutual information to optimize the category and dimension ordering. By conducting a systematic correlation analysis between the individual metrics, we ensure their distinctiveness. Further, we evaluate the clutter reduction effect of ParSetgnostics by reconstructing six datasets from previous publications using Parallel Sets measuring and comparing their respective properties. Our results show that ParSetgostics facilitates multi‐dimensional analysis of categorical data by automatically providing optimized Parallel Set designs with a clutter reduction of up to 81% compared to the originally proposed Parallel Sets visualizations.
Enhancement on the motion vector derivation of HEVC for interlace format (2012)

We propose a derivation scheme of a motion vector for interlace format. The adjustment of the vertical component of a chroma MV for 4:2:0 format and the adjustment of the vertical component of a luma prediction MV are introduced in order to remove inconsistency between the current derivation process of motion vector predictor and the nature of interlace format in HM4.0. The proposed scheme achieves up to 1.0dB PSNR improvements in chroma components and up to 3.4% bit-rate reduction.
Why doesn`t min mean cancelling work for submodular flow (1994)

We consider how to generalize the Minimum Mean Cycle Canceling algorithm of Goldberg and Tarjan, and its dual counterpart, the Maximum Mean Cut Canceling algorithm of Ervolina and McCormick, to general linear programs. Our aim is to investigate the conditions necessary to get a polynomial bound on the number of iterations of these algorithms. We find that the two vital parameters are the maximum number of nonzero components in any {open_quotes}mean improving direction{close_quotes}, and the maximum size that any component of such a direction can be in a minimal integer scaling. We then apply our generic algorithms to the Submodular Flow problem and discover that in both the primal and dual cases that one of these two parameters is not polynomially bounded.
Molecular Biological Approaches for Environmental Medicine. (2003)

A revolution in biology and medicine is taking place as a direct consequence of rapid developments in the field of molecular biology. The tremendous advances in our knowledge of basic molecular genetics and cell biology have opened the door for new methods of diagnosis, assessment of individual susceptibility to disease, and elucidation of the pathogenesis of disease. These advances will have a profound impact on the practice of occupational and environmental medicine. In this review, we intend to summarize the approaches we have applied in order to deal with the environmental problems we have faced.
CUDA: Compiling and optimizing for a GPU platform (2012)

Graphics processor units (GPUs) have evolved to handle throughput oriented workloads where a large number of parallel threads must make progress. Such threads are organized around shared memory making it possible to synchronize and cooperate on shared data. Current GPUs can run tens of thousands of hardware threads and have been optimized for graphics workloads. Several high level languages have been developed to easily program the GPUs for general purpose computing problems. The use of high-level languages introduces the need for highly optimizing compilers that target the parallel GPU device. In this paper, we present our experiences in developing compilation techniques for a high level language called CUDA C. We explain the CUDA architecture and programming model and provide insights into why certain optimizations are important for achieving high performance on a GPU. In addition to classical optimizations, we present optimizations developed specifically for the CUDA architecture. We evaluate these techniques, and present performance results that show significant improvements on hundreds of kernels as well as applications.
Chemical Vapor Sensing with Monolayer MoS2 (2013)

Two-dimensional materials such as graphene show great potential for future nanoscale electronic devices. The high surface-to-volume ratio is a natural asset for applications such as chemical sensing, where perturbations to the surface resulting in charge redistribution are readily manifested in the transport characteristics. Here we show that single monolayer MoS(2) functions effectively as a chemical sensor, exhibiting highly selective reactivity to a range of analytes and providing sensitive transduction of transient surface physisorption events to the conductance of the monolayer channel. We find strong response upon exposure to triethylamine, a decomposition product of the V-series nerve gas agents. We discuss these results in the context of analyte/sensor interaction in which the analyte serves as either an electron donor or acceptor, producing a temporary charge perturbation of the sensor material. We find highly selective response to electron donors and little response to electron acceptors, consistent with the weak n-type character of our MoS(2). The MoS(2) sensor exhibits a much higher selectivity than carbon nanotube-based sensors.
Vision-based retinal membrane peeling with a handheld robot (2012)

Peeling delicate retinal membranes, which are often less than 5 µm thick, is one of the most challenging retinal surgeries. Preventing rips and tears caused by tremor and excessive force can decrease injury and reduce the need for follow up surgeries. We propose the use of a fully handheld microsurgical robot to suppress tremor while enforcing helpful constraints on the motion of the tool. Using stereo vision and tracking algorithms, the robot activates motion-scaled behavior as the tip reaches the surface, providing finer control during the critical step of engaging the membrane edge. A hard virtual fixture just below the surface limits the total downward force that can be applied. Furthermore, velocity limiting during the peeling helps the surgeon maintain a smooth, constant force while lifting and delaminating the membrane. On a phantom consisting of plastic wrap stretched across a rubber slide, we demonstrate our approach reduces maximum force by 40-70%.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a Wakayin Model Compound: Oxidative Formation of a New Pyrrole Ring in the Indol‐3‐yl‐indoloquinone System. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Monomere flüchtige Alkoxide von Chrom und Bismut (1993)

Monomeric Volatile Alkoxides of Chromium and Bismuth The β1‐methoxy alcohol HOCMe 2 CH 2 OMe ( 1 ) yields monomeric (mononuclear), highly volatile and soluble complexes M(OCMe 2 CH 2 OMe) 3 3a, b of chromium(III) and bismuth(III), respectively, upon treatment with the amide precursors Cr[N( i Pr) 2 ] 3 ( 2a ) and Bi[N(SiMe 3 ) 2 ] 3 ( 2b ). A single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis of 3a was performed because of the novelty of this particular compound being the first thermostable monomeric alkoxide of trivalent chromium. 3a exhibits an octahedral structure with six oxygen atoms surrounding the metal atom. Three chelating O,O′ ligands coordinate to Cr(III) in a mer configuration.
Spherical Nucleic Acid Nanoparticle Conjugates as an RNAi-Based Therapy for Glioblastoma* (2020)

Glioblastoma multiforme is a neurologically debilitating disease that culminates in death 14 to 16 months after diagnosis. Glioblastoma multiforme is the most prevalent and lethal form of malignant brain tumors and considered to be one of the deadliest human cancers. Additional challenges in GBM drug development include ineffective systems for drug delivery to intracerebral tumor elements and the lack of imaging methodologies to quantify intratumoral drug concentrations. RNA interference–based biotherapeutic gene silencing has emerged as a promising approach to target multiple “undruggable” oncogenes implicated in growth, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Bcl2L12 is a potent caspase and p53 inhibitor that is overexpressed in the vast majority of human primary GBM specimens, yet is at low or undetectable levels in cells of glial origin, in normal brain surrounding tumor tissue, and in low-grade astrocytoma.
Distributed Aggregation and Reception of a 400-Gb/s Net Rate Superchannel in a Single-Photodiode 110-GHz Kramers-Kronig Receiver (2018)

We use a distributed superchannel aggregation scheme to demonstrate ultra-wideband single-photodiode reception based on inherently polarization-aligned Kramers-Kronig carrier generation at the receiver. The impact of polarization rotations is discussed. 400-Gb/s capacity is demonstrated for optimized conditions.
On-fibre thin film lithium niobate high Q slow Bloch mode cavity (2015)

International audience
Ethanol, Diazepam, and Scopolamine Alter Murine Learning Function and Memory Ethanol Changes Halothane Minimum Alveolar Concentration (1979)

The minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration of halothane (MACh) was tested by the tail clamping method in 12 male white albino mice and found to be 1.1 %. A further 24 mice were given 15% alcohol to drink for 60 days, after which they were divided into four groups of six mice each. One group was tested for MACh immediately after withdrawal from alcohol and the remaining groups were tested 4, 10, and 18 days later. In the first group MACh was 0.6%. It rose to 1.1% 4 days later and gradually reached 1.6% after an additional 14 days. Before receiving alcohol the mice were starved for 24 hours and placed in a maze containing food. The time taken to reach the food was recorded. The mice completed their way through the maze in 147 ± 21 seconds on the first run and in 73 ± 10 seconds on a second run, after which they made no further significant progress. During the first 9 days on alcohol mice made their way through the maze in an average of 178 ± 17 seconds (no memory). On the 10th day they went through the maze in 160 ± 17 seconds on the first run (still no memory) but in 59 ± 8 seconds on a second run (regained learning function) (p < 0.0005). A control group of six mice trained in the maze continued to cover it at maximal speed after a rest period of 10 days. An additional seven mice were given diazepam, 0.33 μg/g of body weight and another six mice, scopolamine, 0.13 μg/g of body weight, both intraperitoneally. They had been previously trained in the maze. Both groups lost their memory and ability to learn their way through the maze but regained the latter in a week. Alcohol, diazepam, and scopolamine all induce retrograde amnesia and loss of learning function, but the latter returns after 8 to 10 days. It is difficult to correlate the loss of memory and the ability to learn caused by alcohol with the changes alcohol produces in MACh.
Systems Cell Biology Knowledge Created from High Content Screening (2005)

High content screening (HCS), the large-scale automated analysis of the temporal and spatial changes in cells and cell constituents in arrays of cells, has the potential to create enormous systems cell biology knowledge bases. HCS is being employed along with the continuum of the early drug discovery process, including lead optimization where new knowledge is being used to facilitate the decision-making process. We demonstrate methodology to build new systems cell biology knowledge using a multiplexed HCS assay, designed with the aid of knowledge-mining tools, to measure the phenotypic response of a panel of human tumor cell types to a panel of natural product-derived microtubule-targeted anticancer agents and their synthetic analogs. We show how this new systems cell biology knowledge can be used to design a lead compound optimization strategy for at least two members of the panel, (-)-laulimalide and (+)-discodermolide, that exploits cell killing activity while minimally perturbing the regulation of the cell cycle and the stability of microtubules. Furthermore, this methodology can also be applied to basic biomedical research on cells.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Optical Properties of Iron Oxide-Doped Ceria-Zirconia Materials (2014)

Iron oxide-doped ceria Ce1-yFeyO2-δ (where y=0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.20) and iron oxide-doped ceria-zirconia ZrxCe0.95-xFe0.05O2-δ (where x=0, 0.20, 0.40, 0.60, 0.80, and 0.95) powder samples were synthesized by a coprecipitation method and heated at 900℃ and 1230℃. The samples were characterized by XRD, colorimetric assessment and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Furthermore, the color glazes obtained by adding the samples to the basic glaze were heated at 1230℃ in air, and evaluated by colorimetric assessment. X-ray diffraction data revealed that Ce1-yFeyO2-δ samples with y ≥ 0.05 were composed of Fe-doped CeO2 solid solution and Fe2O3. The powders of Ce1-yFeyO2-δ showed dark red color and the glazes containing them also showed yellowish red color. In Fe-doped ceria zirconia samples heated at 900℃, the red color varied to orange and yellow with increasing x in ZrxCe0.95-xFe0.05O2-δ. However, the glazes containing them (with Zr) changed from warm color into pale like celadon. These warm colored materials show high durability against high temperature and environmental friendly properties, so the application as ceramic pigments can be expected.