gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functional acetabular component position with supine total hip replacement (2013)

Orientation of the acetabular component influences wear, range of movement and the incidence of dislocation after total hip replacement (THR). During surgery, such orientation is often referenced to the anterior pelvic plane (APP), but APP inclination relative to the coronal plane (pelvic tilt) varies substantially between individuals. In contrast, the change in pelvic tilt from supine to standing (dPT) is small for nearly all individuals. Therefore, in THR performed with the patient supine and the patient's coronal plane parallel to the operating table, we propose that freehand placement of the acetabular component placement is reliable and reflects standing (functional) cup position. We examined this hypothesis in 56 hips in 56 patients (19 men) with a mean age of 61 years (29 to 80) using three-dimensional CT pelvic reconstructions and standing lateral pelvic radiographs. We found a low variability of acetabular component placement, with 46 implants (82%) placed within a combined range of 30° to 50° inclination and 5° to 25° anteversion. Changing from the supine to the standing position (analysed in 47 patients) was associated with an anteversion change < 10° in 45 patients (96%). dPT was < 10° in 41 patients (87%). In conclusion, supine THR appears to provide reliable freehand acetabular component placement. In most patients a small reclination of the pelvis going from supine to standing causes a small increase in anteversion of the acetabular component.
Anion and Ion Pair Complexation by a Macrocyclic Phosphine Oxide Disulfoxide (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnion and Ion Pair Complexation by a Macrocyclic Phosphine Oxide DisulfoxidePaul B. Savage, Steven K. Holmgren, and Samuel H. GellmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 9, 4069–4070Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00088a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00088a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views230Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Visualizing Macroscopic Inhomogeneities in Perovskite Solar Cells (2022)

Despite the incredible progress made, the highest efficiency perovskite solar cells are still restricted to small areas (<1 cm2). In large part, this stems from a poor understanding of the widespread spatial heterogeneity in devices. Conventional techniques to assess heterogeneities can be time consuming, operate only at microscopic length scales, and demand specialized equipment. We overcome these limitations by using luminescence imaging to reveal large, millimeter-scale heterogeneities in the inferred electronic properties. We determine spatially resolved maps of “charge collection quality”, measured using the ratio of photoluminescence intensity at open and short circuit. We apply these methods to quantify the inhomogeneities introduced by a wide range of transport layers, thereby ranking them by suitability for upscaling. We reveal that top-contacting transport layers are the dominant source of heterogeneity in the multilayer material stack. We suggest that this methodology can be used to accelerate the development of highly efficient, large-area modules, especially through high-throughput experimentation.
High‐Performance Selective Excitation Pulses for Solid‐ and Liquid‐State NMR Spectroscopy (2004)

Equation (41) was reproduced incorrectly in issue 6, in M. Veshtort, R. G. Griffin1, (DOI 10.1002/cphc.200400018). The correct Equation appears below. We and the authors apologise for any misunderstandings that may have arisen as a result of this error. ${\vcenter{\openup.5em\halign{$#$\cr U{\textstyle{0\hfill \atop {\rm sel}\hfill}}={{}\mathrel{\mathop{\prod{}}\limits^{M}\limits_{m=1}}{}}{\rm exp}\bigg[- i\bar{H}^0_{m}\tau _{{\rm R}}\bigg]\hfill\cr}}}$ (41)
Toward contextual forensic retrieval for visual surveillance: Challenges and an architectural approach (2009)

In traditional visual surveillance systems, retrieval has been relying on indexing events and features extracted by visual analytic algorithms that were developed for well-defined, specific domains. However, due to the increasing need for intelligent forensic retrieval with contextual semantics, this approach is reaching its limits, because it is almost impossible to predict and model all situations at development time. Consequently, a more flexible and intelligent retrieval approach is required. The goal of this paper is to explore the scope of requirements and architectural options to solve this problem. We consider several query scenarios inspired by real events that would benefit from intelligent support. We derive challenges and requirements by reviewing state-of-the-art retrieval approaches in terms of the selected queries. Based on the derived requirements, we present and discuss our architecture and its prototypical implementation.
Understanding of carrier transport in high-performance solid phase crystallized poly-Si nano-wire transistors (2016)

High-performance poly-Si nano-wire transistors were fabricated by Advanced SPC process, that consists of optimized a-Si deposition, crystallization annealing and poly-Si thinning processes. In order to determine what the dominant factor of scattering mechanism is, carrier mobility behavior at each temperature and surface carrier density (Ns) are fully investigated. It reveals that the hole mobility is dominated by phonon scattering in wide Ns regime. On the other hand, it is suggested that the electron mobility is dominated by Coulomb scattering by defects inside grains at low N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> and surface roughness scattering at high N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> .
Supplementary Table 1 from Characteristics of Lung Cancers Harboring <i>NRAS</i> Mutations (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 72K, Supplemental Table 1. Histologies associated with NRAS mutant lung cancers from the COSMIC database.&lt;/p&gt;
Lymphocyte‐predominant and classical Hodgkin's lymphoma – comparison of outcomes (2005)

The cHL patients present more frequently with advanced stages and B symptoms compared to LPHL patients. There was no difference in treatment outcome in terms of CR/CRu, PD and mortality between LPHL and HL. Surprisingly, there were also no differences in patients with relapse.
Silicate formation and thermal stability of ternary rare earth oxides as high-k dielectrics (2008)

Hf-based dielectrics are currently being introduced into complementary metal oxide semiconductor transistors as replacement for SiON to limit gate leakage current densities. Alternative materials such as rare earth based dielectrics are of interest to obtain proper threshold voltages as well as to engineer a material with a high thermal stability. The authors have studied rare earth based dielectrics such as Dy2O3, DyHfOx, DyScOx, La2O3, HfLaOx, and LaAlOx by means of ellipsometry, time of flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy x-ray diffraction, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The authors show that ellipsometry is an easy and powerful tool to study silicate formation. For ternary rare earth oxides, this behavior is heavily dependent on the composition of the deposited layer and demonstrates a nonlinear dependence. The system evolves to a stable composition that is controlled by the thermal budget and the rare earth content of the layer. It is shown that silicate formation can lead to a severe overestimation of the thermal stability of ternary rare earth oxides.
COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF NONGRAY GAS MODELING TECHNIQUES (2002)

Abstract This study compares the relative efficiencies (accuracy and computation time) of five methods developed for characterizing radiative exchanges in enclosures, mono- and bi-dimensional, containing real gases: the correlated-k method (CK), three versions of the hybrid CK/statistical narrow-band method (SNB-CK), and the spectral line-based weighted sum of gray gases method (SLW). Attention is drawn to the hybrid SNB-CK method featuring band regrouping strategies. The version proposed in this article, which is characterized by a selective regrouping of bands, leads to good results, while the computation time is significantly decreased with respect to the original SNB-CK version. Mono- and bi-dimensional enclosures are analyzed. Diagrams illustrate the recommended fields of application of the various methods.
Amyloid‐independent vascular contributions to cortical atrophy and cognition in a multi‐center mixed cohort with low to severe small vessel disease (2021)

Abstract Background Small vessel disease (SVD) often co‐exists with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology (up to 60%) and may facilitate AD progression. However, SVD is currently not integrated as a pathological factor within the ATN research criteria. Up to now, the majority of studies that investigated effects of SVD on brain atrophy and cognition were limited to either AD cohorts with low SVD burden (e.g., ADNI) or cognitively normal elderly with high SVD burden. Thus, there is a need to investigate the effects of SVD in a cohort spanning low to severe SVD and amyloid‐beta pathology. Method Our study included 118 subjects in total. Fifty‐nine subjects were recruited in a multi‐site study (MITNEC) from dementia and SVD‐stroke clinics (64% amyloid‐beta+) who had severe SVD burden as quantified by white matter hyperintensity volumes [WMH; median(IQR): 30.2(22.2)cm 3 ] and Fazekas score 2.5‐3. In addition, we included 59 cognitively normal/early‐MCI subjects from ADNI (44% amyloid‐beta+) with low‐to‐moderate WMH [median(IQR): 5.8(9.1)cm 3 ]. We performed vertex‐wise regressions, investigating associations of cortical thickness with amyloid‐beta (18F‐florbetapir‐SUVR pons ) or vascular burden (WMH), corrected for WMH or amyloid‐beta, respectively, and age, sex, education. Further, mediation analyses investigated whether the effects of amyloid‐beta or vascular burden on cognition (MMSE, MoCA, Trails‐B, semantic fluency, ANART, and Boston‐naming) were mediated by cortical thickness. Result We observed a significant effect of vascular burden on cortical thickness independent of amyloid‐beta. This effect was stronger than the vascular‐independent effect of amyloid‐beta on thickness (Fig. 1). Furthermore, we observed additive effects of vascular burden and amyloid‐beta on cognition (semantic fluency: ß=‐0.29 [p=0.002] and ß=‐0.27 [p=0.001], respectively; Trails‐B: ß=+0.18 [p=0.03] and ß=+0.22 [p=0.02], respectively). Here, the effects on semantic fluency were significantly mediated by cortical thickness (vascular→thickness→semantic: 35% mediation, 95%CI[‐0.19,‐0.02]; amyloid‐beta→thickness→semantic: 19% mediation, 95%CI[‐0.11,‐0.003]) (Fig. 1). Conclusion In our study of mixed AD/SVD and control subjects, the effect of SVD burden (WMH) exceeded the effect of amyloid‐beta on neurodegeneration alone. Furthermore, vascular burden contributed to semantic loss both directly and through its impact on neurodegeneration. As such, the presence of cerebrovascular comorbidities supports the idea of combinational therapeutic approaches where SVD factors may be targeted alongside amyloid‐beta to halt neurodegeneration and cognitive decline.
Mutations in DSTYK and Dominant Urinary Tract Malformations (2013)

We detected independent DSTYK mutations in 2.3% of patients with congenital abnormalities of the kidney or urinary tract, a finding that suggests that DSTYK is a major determinant of human urinary tract development, downstream of FGF signaling. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and others.).
Biographical and critical studies (2009)

Book digitized by Google from the library of the University of Michigan and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb.
Identification of novel glycosyl hydrolases with cellulolytic activity against crystalline cellulose from metagenomic libraries constructed from bacterial enrichment cultures (2014)

To obtain cellulases that are capable of degrading crystalline cellulose and cedar wood, metagenomic libraries were constructed from raw soil sample which was covered to pile of cedar wood sawdust or from its enrichment cultures. The efficiency of screening of metagenomic library was improved more than 3 times by repeating enrichment cultivation using crystalline cellulose as a carbon source, compared with the library constructed from raw soil. Four cellulase genes were obtained from the metagenomic libraries that were constructed from the total genome extracted from an enrichment culture that used crystalline cellulose as a carbon source. A cellulase gene and a xylanase gene were obtained from the enrichment culture that used unbleached kraft pulp as a carbon source. The culture supernatants of Escherichia coli expressing three clones that were derived from the enrichment culture that used crystalline cellulose showed activity against crystalline cellulose. In addition, these three enzyme solutions generated a reducing sugar from cedar wood powder. From these results, the construction of a metagenomic library from cultures that were repetition enriched using crystalline cellulose demonstrated that this technique is a powerful tool for obtaining cellulases that have activity toward crystalline cellulose.
A phase I clinical trial of PSMA-directed/TGFβ-insensitive CAR-T cells in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. (2021)

125 Background: Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a highly expressed tumor-associated antigen potentially amenable to chimeric antigen receptor-modified T (CAR-T) cell therapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, a primary challenge to the success of CAR-T therapy in CRPC is the immunosuppressive microenvironment, characterized by high levels of TGFβ. The immunosuppressive functions of TGFβ can be inhibited in T cells using a dominant negative TGFβ receptor (TGFβRdn), thereby enhancing antitumor immunity. Methods: We conducted a first-in-human phase 1 clinical trial to evaluate the feasibility, safety and preliminary efficacy of PSMA-directed/TGFβ-insensitive CAR-T cells (CART-PSMA-TGFβRdn) in patients with metastatic CRPC (NCT03089203). In a 3+3 dose-escalation design, patients received a single dose of 1-3 x 10 7 /m 2 (Cohort 1) or 1-3 x 10 8 /m 2 (Cohort 2) CART-PSMA-TGFβRdn cells without lymphodepleting (LD) chemotherapy. In Cohort 3, one patient received 1-3 x 10 8 /m 2 CART-PSMA-TGFβRdn cells following a LD chemotherapy regimen of cyclophosphamide and fludarabine (Cy/Flu). In Cohort -3, three patients received 1-3 x 10 7 /m 2 CART-PSMA-TGFβRdn cells following Cy/Flu. Patients underwent metastatic tumor biopsies at baseline and on day 10 following treatment. Quantitative PCR of CART-PSMA-TGFβRdn DNA was performed at serial timepoints to evaluate for CAR-T expansion and persistence in peripheral blood and trafficking to target tissues. Multiplex cytokine analysis assessed CART-PSMA-TGFβRdn bioactivity. Results: Ten patients received CART-PSMA-TGFβRdn therapy across dose-level cohorts. All CART-PSMA-TGFβRdn infusion products met target transduction efficiency. Evaluation of CAR-T cellular kinetics demonstrated dose-dependent peripheral blood T cell expansion, as well as tumor tissue trafficking in post-treatment tumor biopsies. At Cohort 2 and above, 5 of 7 treated patients developed grade ≥2 cytokine release syndrome (CRS). Marked increases in inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-15, IL-2, IFNγ) correlated with high-grade CRS events. One grade 5 adverse event (sepsis) occurred in Cohort 3. PSA decline was observed in 6 of 10 patients (median decline -33.2%, range -11.6% to -98.3%), and PSA30 response occurred in 4 of 10 patients (including one patient achieving PSA &lt; 0.1 ng/mL). Conclusions: Adoptive cellular therapy with CART-PSMA-TGFβRdn is safe and feasible in patients with metastatic CRPC. A dose-dependent and lymphodepletion chemotherapy-dependent relationship was observed with CART-PSMA-TGFβRdn cell expansion, cytokine expression, CRS, and anti-tumor effect. Correlative cell trafficking and paired tumor Nanostring analyses will be presented. Future clinical investigations seek to enhance anti-tumor efficacy, while optimizing the therapeutic window. Clinical trial information: NCT03089203.
A Combined Routing Method for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks (2009)

Abstract — Several simulation and real world studies show that certain ad hoc routing protocols perform better than others under specific mobility and traffic patterns. In order to exploit this phenomena, we propose a novel approach to adapt a network to changing conditions; we introduce “a combined routing method” that allows the network to seamlessly swap from one routing protocol to another protocol dynamically, while routing continues uninterrupted. By creating a thin new virtual layer, we enable each node in the ad hoc wireless network notify each other about the protocol swap and we do not make any changes to existing routing protocols. To ensure that routing works efficiently after the protocol swap, we reuse information from the previous protocol’s routing table while initializing the data structures for the new routing protocol. We study the feasibility of our technique and the overheads incurred while swapping between AODV, ODMRP and APRL under different network topologies and traffic patterns through detailed simulations. Our results show that the swap latency is related to the nature of the destination protocol and the topology of the network. We also find that the control packet ratio of a routing protocol during and after a swap is close to that of the protocol running before a swap, thus indicating that our approach does not add excessive overhead. I.
Measurement of the b-Quark Production Cross Section in 7 and 13 TeV pp Collisions (2017)

Measurements of the cross section for producing b quarks in the reaction pp→bb[over ¯]X are reported in 7 and 13 TeV collisions at the LHC as a function of the pseudorapidity η in the range 2<η<5 covered by the acceptance of the LHCb experiment. The measurements are done using semileptonic decays of b-flavored hadrons decaying into a ground-state charmed hadron in association with a muon. The cross sections in the covered η range are 72.0±0.3±6.8 and 154.3±1.5±14.3 μb for 7 and 13 TeV. The ratio is 2.14±0.02±0.13, where the quoted uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. The agreement with theoretical expectation is good at 7 TeV, but differs somewhat at 13 TeV. The measured ratio of cross sections is larger at lower η than the model prediction.
Recent Advances in Visible‐Light‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution from Water using Polymer Photocatalysts (2019)

Abstract Efficient polymer photocatalysts that mimic natural photosynthesis to generate H 2 through the visible‐light‐promoted splitting of water are ideal systems for the conversion of solar energy into usable fuel with high energy density and in an environmentally friendly manner. In this article, we review recent reports on donor‐acceptor‐based π‐conjugated polymers as photocatalysts, including conjugated linear polymers, microporous polymers, triazine frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, polymer dots, and other related organic polymers, which show superior photocatalytic activity and robust stability under visible‐light irradiation, for hydrogen production. Moreover, their syntheses and material design strategies, photophysical properties, proposed mechanisms, and applications are systematically summarized. Finally, recent research on and challenges related to organic polymer photocatalysts are discussed. This minireview will help readers to more easily understand the recent advances in and future direction of this field.
Evaluating Artificial Neural Networks and Traditional Approaches for Risk Analysis in Software Project Management - A Case Study with PERIL Dataset (2014)

Many software project management end in failure. Risk analysis is an essential process to support project success. There is a growing need for systematic methods to supplement expert judgment in order to increase the accuracy in the prediction of risk likelihood and impact. In this paper, we evaluated support vector machine (SVM), multilayer perceptron (MLP), a linear regression model and monte carlo simulation to perform risk analysis based on PERIL data. We have conducted a statistical experiment to determine which is a more

accurate method in risk impact estimation. Our experimental results showed that artificial neural network methods proposed in this study outperformed both linear regression and monte carlo simulation.
Computational Investigation of Glycosylation Effects on a Family 1 Carbohydrate-binding Module (2011)

Carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) are ubiquitous components of glycoside hydrolases, which degrade polysaccharides in nature. CBMs target specific polysaccharides, and CBM binding affinity to cellulose is known to be proportional to cellulase activity, such that increasing binding affinity is an important component of performance improvement. To ascertain the impact of protein and glycan engineering on CBM binding, we use molecular simulation to quantify cellulose binding of a natively glycosylated Family 1 CBM. To validate our approach, we first examine aromatic-carbohydrate interactions on binding, and our predictions are consistent with previous experiments, showing that a tyrosine to tryptophan mutation yields a 2-fold improvement in binding affinity. We then demonstrate that enhanced binding of 3-6-fold over a nonglycosylated CBM is achieved by the addition of a single, native mannose or a mannose dimer, respectively, which has not been considered previously. Furthermore, we show that the addition of a single, artificial glycan on the anterior of the CBM, with the native, posterior glycans also present, can have a dramatic impact on binding affinity in our model, increasing it up to 140-fold relative to the nonglycosylated CBM. These results suggest new directions in protein engineering, in that modifying glycosylation patterns via heterologous expression, manipulation of culture conditions, or introduction of artificial glycosylation sites, can alter CBM binding affinity to carbohydrates and may thus be a general strategy to enhance cellulase performance. Our results also suggest that CBM binding studies should consider the effects of glycosylation on binding and function.