gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identifying Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses With Psychological Scales in the General Population (2011)

We study the predictive power and associations of several psychopathology and temperament scales with respect to schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Measures of psychopathology (Physical and Social Anhedonia Scales, Perceptual Aberration Scale, Hypomanic Personality Scale, Bipolar II Scale, and Schizoidia Scale) and the Temperament and Character Inventory were included in the 31-year follow-up of the prospective Northern Finland 1966 birth cohort (N = 4926). The Perceptual Aberration Scale was the best scale for concurrent validity in psychoses, and also the best psychopathology scale in terms of discriminant validity. Participants scoring high in hypomanic personality were at the highest risk for developing psychosis during the 11-year follow-up. Harm avoidance was a dominant temperament dimension in individuals with psychosis compared with participants without psychiatric diagnoses. These scales are useful as vulnerability markers in studying psychoses.
Experimental characterization of focusing by high-numerical-aperture zone plates (2006)

High-numerical-aperture zone plates have important applications in high-resolution optical maskless lithography as well as scanning confocal microscopy. We describe two methods to experimentally characterize the focusing properties, i.e., the point-spread function, of such diffractive lenses. The first method uses spot exposures in photoresist and the second uses a conventional knife-edge scan. The experimental results agree well with rigorous theoretical calculations.
A fully coupled computational fluid dynamics and multi-zone model with detailed chemical kinetics for the simulation of premixed charge compression ignition engines (2005)

Modelling the premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) engine requires a balanced approach that captures both fluid motion as well as low- and high-temperature fuel oxidation. A fully integrated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and chemistry scheme (i.e. detailed chemical kinetics solved in every cell of the CFD grid) would be the ideal PCCI modelling approach, but is computationally very expensive. As a result, modelling assumptions are required in order to develop tools that are computationally efficient, yet maintain an acceptable degree of accuracy. Multi-zone models have been previously shown accurately to capture geometry-dependent processes in homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines. In the presented work, KIVA-3V is fully coupled with a multi-zone model with detailed chemical kinetics. Computational efficiency is achieved by utilizing a low-resolution discretization to solve detailed chemical kinetics in the multi-zone model compared with a relatively high-resolution CFD solution. The multi-zone model communicates with KIVA-3V at each computational timestep, as in the ideal fully integrated case. The composition of the cells, however, is mapped back and forth between KTVA-3V and the multi-zone model, introducing significant computational time savings. The methodology uses a novel re-mapping technique that can account for both temperature and composition non-uniformities in the cylinder. Validation cases were developed by solving the detailed chemistry in every cell of a KIVA-3V grid. The new methodology shows very good agreement with the detailed solutions in terms of ignition timing, burn duration, and emissions.
3DOM Polyimide Separator for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries with High Rate Performance (2012)

Abstract not Available.
Evaluation of intranasal delivery route of drug administration for brain targeting (2018)

The acute or chronic drug treatments for different neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders are challenging from several aspects. The low bioavailability and limited brain exposure of oral drugs, the rapid metabolism, elimination, the unwanted side effects and also the high dose to be added mean both inconvenience for the patients and high costs for the patients, their family and the society. The reason of low brain penetration of the compounds is that they have to overcome the blood-brain barrier which protects the brain against xenobiotics. Intranasal drug administration is one of the promising options to bypass blood-brain barrier, to reduce the systemic adverse effects of the drugs and to lower the doses to be administered. Furthermore, the drugs administered using nasal route have usually higher bioavailability, less side effects and result in higher brain exposure at similar dosage than the oral drugs. In this review the focus is on giving an overview on the anatomical and cellular structure of nasal cavity and absorption surface. It presents some possibilities to enhance the drug penetration through the nasal barrier and summarizes some in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo technologies to test the drug delivery across the nasal epithelium into the brain. Finally, the authors give a critical evaluation of the nasal route of administration showing its main advantages and limitations of this delivery route for CNS drug targeting.
Inhibition of Balloon Injury-Induced Neointimal Formation by Olmesartan and Pravastatin in Rats with Insulin Resistance (2007)

The combined effect of an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker and a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor on vascular lesion formation in the insulin-resistant state has not been examined. We tested whether or not combined treatment is superior to single-drug treatment for inhibiting vascular lesion formation in insulin-resistant rats. The rats were maintained on a fructose-rich diet for 4 weeks and then treated with olmesartan (1 mg/kg/day) and/or pravastatin (10 mg/kg/day) for 3 weeks. After 1 week of drug treatment, balloon injury of the carotid arteries was performed. Two weeks later, the injured arteries were harvested for morphometry and immunostaining. Olmesartan and pravastatin each modestly attenuated neointimal formation without significant changes in blood pressure or serum lipid levels. The combination of olmesartan and pravastatin significantly suppressed the neointimal formation compared with either monotherapy. The number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells was increased by olmesartan but not by pravastatin. Olmesartan and pravastatin each decreased the number of Ki-67-positive cells, which indicates cell proliferation, to the same extent. The combined treatment increased the number of TUNEL-positive cells but did not affect the number of Ki-67-positive cells. The combined treatment decreased the insulin level and increased the number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells. These results suggest that the combination of olmesartan and pravastatin is beneficial for the treatment of vascular diseases in the insulin-resistant state independently of blood pressure or cholesterol levels.
Proteome map of the human hippocampus (1999)

The proteins expressed by a genome have been termed the proteome. By comparing the proteome of a disease-affected tissue with the proteome of an unaffected tissue it is possible to identify proteins that play a role in a disease process. The hippocampus is involved in the processing of short-term memory and is affected in Alzheimer's disease. Any comparative proteome analysis that can identify proteins important in a disease affecting the hippocampus requires the characterization of the normal hippocampal proteome. Therefore, we homogenised normal hippocampal tissue and separated the proteins by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2DE). Seventy-two unique protein spots were collected from Coomassie blue-stained 2DE gels and subjected to in-gel digestion with trypsin, reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography peptide separation, and N-terminal protein sequencing. Sufficient protein sequence was obtained to successfully characterize 66 of the 72 protein spots chosen (92%). Three of the 66 proteins were not present in any database (4.5%). The characterized proteins comprised two dominant functional groups, i.e., enzymes involved in intermediary cellular metabolism (40%), and proteins associated with the cytoskeleton (15%). The identity, molecular mass, isoelectric point, and relative concentration of the characterized proteins are described and constitute a partial proteome map of the normal human hippocampus.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Cotargeting Stress-Activated Hsp27 and Autophagy as a Combinatorial Strategy to Amplify Endoplasmic Reticular Stress in Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 96K, Hsp27 overexpression prevents cell apoptosis induced by MG132 or Hsp90 inhibitor (17-AAG) in LNCaP cells&lt;/p&gt;
Supplementary Figure S5 from USP9X Downregulation Renders Breast Cancer Cells Resistant to Tamoxifen (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S5. Survival analysis for 1874 shUSP9X-affected genes not associated with estrogen induction. (A) The 1874 shUSP9X-affected genes, not associated with E2-treatment (see Fig. 5A), were tested as a classifier in two cohorts of ERÃŽÂ± positive breast cancer patients who received adjuvant tamoxifen treatment (Loi: n=250; Buffa: n=134) (35, 36). Kaplan-Meier survival curves for distant metastasis free survival (DMFS) were generated, with p values indicated. (B) Hazard rates with 95% confidence intervals, separately analyzing the Loi cohort (left) and Buffa cohort (right). The USP9X knockdown tamoxifen classifier was directly compared with the 1874 genes that were differentially expressed after shUSP9X, but not affected by E2 stimulation (see Figure 5A).&lt;/p&gt;
Supplementary Figure 3 from hTERT Inhibition Triggers Epstein–Barr Virus Lytic Cycle and Apoptosis in Immortalized and Transformed B Cells: A Basis for New Therapies (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 69K, hTERT inhibition promotes AKT1/FOXO3/NOXA-dependent apoptosis.&lt;/p&gt;
Mécanisme de mélange par convection intermittente dans un nuage de bulles confinées (2013)

Ce travail s'interesse au melange d'un traceur passif peu diffusif dans un nuage homogene de bulles en ascension dans une cellule Hele-Shaw. Le nombre de Reynolds du mouvement relatif des bulles est eleve. L'ecoulement peut etre considere comme bidimensionnel et possede une agitation du liquide tres particuliere, liee principalement aux sillages des bulles ([1], [2]). Nous avons realise des experiences de melange en injectant un traceur fluorescent au sein du nuage de bulles pendant un temps fini. Une technique de mesure LIF originale et adaptee a cet ecoulement a bulles a ete developpee. Elle consiste a eclairer avec un laser un volume de 0,5 mm³, a differentes distances de l'injecteur, et a observer avec une fibre optique la lumiere de ce volume qui est transmise a un spectrometre permettant d'analyser la lumiere fluorescee. Il est donc possible de remonter a la concentration locale a une frequence de 250 Hz (resolution temporelle de la mesure). La figure 1.a montre une evolution typique de la concentration du colorant en un point situe a 150 mm au dessus de l'injection. Dans un premier temps, le traceur arrivant dans le volume de mesure, la concentration augmente, la diminution de concentration qui suit, se fait de maniere exponentielle ce qui montre que le melange en cellule Hele-Shaw n'est pas un processus diffusif de type Fickien [3]. De plus, nous observons a une echelle temporelle beaucoup plus courte des fluctuations de concentration tres marquees. Cette intermittence est principalement due aux mecanismes intrinseques au melange en cellule de Hele-Shaw. Ce melange se fait principalement par sequences de capture - transport - largage de colorant par les sillages des bulles (figure 1.b). Un modele de melange convectif intermittent a ete developpe et reproduit bien les experiences.
Advances and Limitations in Fiber Laser Beam Combination (2008)

A number of methods have been proposed to combine high power fiber beams with near diffraction limited beam quality, including active and passive phasing, and spectral combination. These methods and approaches to address their limitations are discussed.
The Evaluation of the Fuel-Economy Performance of Low-Viscosity Drive-Train Lubricants and the Development of Oils with Improved Fatigue Life (2004)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;In recent years, progress has been made in reducing the viscosities of manual transmission fluids (MTFs) and automatic transmission fluids (ATFs). Lower viscosities of MTFs and ATFs are expected to improve the fuel economy of automobiles by reducing the viscous resistance. Examples of low-viscosity ATFs already commercially available include Toyota Auto Fluid WS and ZF Friedrichshafen AG's ZNF 13014. This paper first reports methods for measuring the torque transmission efficiency in manual and automatic transmissions. We explain a simple rig test that we developed using an IAE gear test machine, and we describe oil temperature increase tests and torque measurement tests using actual transmissions and fuel economy tests using actual vehicles. Next, we describe the effects of lower viscosities on the torque transfer efficiency as measured with these measurement methods. Because lower viscosities are likely to worsen the wear resistance, extreme-pressure performance, and fatigue resistance of MTFs and ATFs, we studied the effect of the base oil composition and the molecular structure of PMA-based viscosity index improvers (VIIs) on the oil film thickness. We were able to determine by three methods that the film thickness of low viscosity lubricant could be made greater than that of conventional lubricant. The oil film was made thicker in the first method by increasing the molecular weight distribution of the base oil, in the second method by reducing the molecular weight of the PMA-based VIIs, and in the third method by changing the alkyl groups of the polymethacrylate-based (PMA-based) VIIs. The results of our study showed that our optimized lower-viscosity MTF, when evaluated in terms of its wear prevention, extreme-pressure properties, and fatigue prevention, has equal or better performance in each area in comparison with MTFs with conventional viscosities.&lt;/div&gt;
Intramuscular Delivery of Rat Kallikrein-binding Protein Gene Reverses Hypotension in Transgenic Mice Expressing Human Tissue Kallikrein (1995)

The tissue kallikrein-kinin system has been postulated to play a role in blood pressure regulation. The activity of tissue kallikrein is controlled by a number of factors in vivo. Rat kallikrein-binding protein (RKBP) is a serine proteinase inhibitor which binds to and inhibits tissue kallikrein's activity in vitro. We have recently developed several hypotensive transgenic mouse lines which express human tissue kallikrein. In order to investigate the role of RKBP in blood pressure regulation, we delivered the RKBP to these transgenic mice by intramuscular injection. Expression of the RKBP was detected in skeletal muscle by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot analysis at 10, 20, 30, and 40 days post-injection. Immunoreactive RKBP levels in the muscle and serum of these mice were quantified by a RKBP-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot analysis. The levels of RKBP mRNA and immunoreactive protein were detectable at 10 days post-injection and increased significantly at 20 and 30 days. During this period, RKBP delivery significantly increased systemic blood pressure in the kallikrein transgenic mice to a level comparable to that of normotensive control mice. The RKBP and vector DNA delivery had no effect on the blood pressure of normotensive control mice. No serum antibodies to RKBP or its DNA were detected in the mice 40 days post injection. These results suggest that the increase of systemic blood pressure by RKBP delivery in these hypotensive transgenic mice may be mediated by inhibiting tissue kallikrein activity.
Surface micromachined segmented mirrors for adaptive optics (1999)

This paper presents recent results for aberration correction and beam steering experiments using polysilicon surface micromachined piston micromirror arrays. Microfabricated deformable mirrors offer a substantial cost reduction for adaptive optic systems. In addition to the reduced mirror cost, microfabricated mirrors typically require low control voltages (less than 30 V), thus eliminating high-voltage amplifiers. The greatly reduced cost per channel of adaptive optic systems employing microfabricated deformable mirrors promise high-order aberration correction at low cost. Arrays of piston micromirrors with 128 active elements were tested. Mirror elements are on a 203-/spl mu/m 12/spl times/12 square grid (with 16 inactive elements, four in each corner of the array). The overall array size is 2.4 mm square. The arrays were fabricated in a commercially available surface micromachining process. The cost per mirror array in this prototyping process is less than $200. Experimental results are presented for a hybrid correcting element comprised of a lenslet array and piston micromirror array, and for a piston micromirror array only. Also presented is a novel digital deflection micromirror that requires no digital to analog converters, further reducing the cost of adaptive optics systems.
Silicon-chip mid-infrared frequency comb generation (2015)

Optical frequency combs are a revolutionary light source for high-precision spectroscopy because of their narrow linewidths and precise frequency spacing. Generation of such combs in the mid-infrared spectral region (2-20 μm) is important for molecular gas detection owing to the presence of a large number of absorption lines in this wavelength regime. Microresonator-based frequency comb sources can provide a compact and robust platform for comb generation that can operate with relatively low optical powers. However, material and dispersion engineering limitations have prevented the realization of an on-chip integrated mid-infrared microresonator comb source. Here we demonstrate a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor compatible platform for on-chip comb generation using silicon microresonators, and realize a broadband frequency comb spanning from 2.1 to 3.5 μm. This platform is compact and robust and offers the potential to be versatile for use outside the laboratory environment for applications such as real-time monitoring of atmospheric gas conditions.
Proceedings of the 2014 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers (2014)

2014 has been an exceptional year for wearable technology, and this year's conference promises a broad program of cuttingedge research and discussion. In the last year wearable technology has reached the consumer market in unprecedented volume. New products emerge daily, in the form of apparel, accessories, and personal devices. With the explosion of consumer and media interest comes important questions and passionate discussion. As always, the ISWC program presents a diverse array of cuttingedge developments in both theory and practice of wearable technology, continuing to move the field ever forward while providing a forum for reflection and discussion of emerging themes, technologies, and perspectives. Our keynote speaker Amy Ross, lead Space Suit designer at NASA, will present one of the highlights of this year's program: a vision of the far future of wearable technology, apparel and on-body technologies that will facilitate travel to asteroids, Mars, and beyond.
ChemInform Abstract: DINUCLEAR IRON(II) COMPLEXES SHOWING UNUSUAL REVERSIBLE OXIDATION‐REDUCTION BEHAVIOR WITH DIOXYGEN (1983)

Abstract Die nach bereits bekannter Methode dargestellten Liganden reagieren mit FeC12(pyridin)2 in Pyridin in Gegenwart von NH 4 PF 6 zu den Titelkomplexen (1), die mit früher beschriebenen einkernigen Lückenkomplexen verwandt sind und einen ständigen großen Hohlraum zwischen den Metallatomen besitzen.
3D Printing of Largescale Functional Nanofilm using Electrically assisted Direct Ink Deposition (2022)

Functional nanofilms show significant importance for various applications in different fields, such as sustainable energy, biomedicine, electronics, and optics. However, there are still many challenges in the fabrication of nanostructured films with tailored properties using traditional manufacturing technologies. A novel 3D printing approach called electrical field-assisted direct ink deposition (EF-DID) was developed to produce large-scale nanofilms with controllable nanostructures and patternable features. In the proposed method, the formation of nanodroplets in the direct ink deposition was investigated under an electrostatic field with high voltage. Critical printing parameters, including solution concentration, deposition height, applied voltage, and ink flow rate, were studied systematically to understand fundamental mechanisms of the nanostructures generation during the printing. In addition, the scientific relationship between deposition parameters and nanofilm properties, including film thickness, electrical conductivity, and contact angle, were explored. Finally, patterned nanofilms with well-organized nanostructures were fabricated to demonstrate potential application prospects in the field of nanotechnology.
An Updated Review of Industrial Organization: Applications of Experimental Methods (2001)

This outstanding collection spanning three decades comprises a superb selection of Charles R. Plott’s work in experimental economics. Market Institutions and Price Discovery contains papers which define problems, create laboratory methodology and produce the first results in many areas of experimental economics.
Transport layer abstraction in event channels for embedded systems (2003)

As embedded systems increase in complexity and begin to participate in distributed systems, the need for middleware in building such systems becomes imperative. However, the use of middleware that fully implements such standards can impose a significant increase in footprint for an application, making it unsuitable for use in embedded systems. We consider the use of a standard CORBA event channel in a setting where distribution and inter-language support are unnecessary. We report our experience in applying aspects to abstract the transport layer (CORBA) of the event channel into a selectable feature. Thus, enabling or disabling CORBA for a specific application can be decided at build-time, by merely selecting CORBA as a feature. We describe the patterns used to achieve this abstraction and present footprint and throughput results showing the effect of CORBA on automatically derived subsets of the event channel.