gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Aggregation of magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with trans-resveratrol in aqueous solution (2022)

Abstract In the framework of a protein-ligand-fishing strategy to identify proteins that bind to trans- resveratrol, a natural phenolic compound with pharmacological benefits, we have developed magnetic nanoparticles covalently linked to trans -resveratrol through three different derivatives and examined their aggregation behavior in aqueous solution. The monodispersed magnetic core (18 nm) with its mesoporous silica shell (93 nm) exhibited a notable superparamagnetic behavior useful for magnetic bioseparation. The hydrodynamic diameter, deduced from dynamic light scattering analysis, of the nanoparticle increased from 100 to 800 nm when the aqueous buffer changed from pH 10.0 to 3.0. A size polydispersion occurred from pH 7.0 to 3.0. In parallel, the value of the extinction cross-section increased according to a negative power law of the UV wavelength. This was mainly due to light scattering by mesoporous silica, whereas the absorbance cross-section remained very low in the 230-400 nm domain. The three types of resveratrol-grafted magnetic nanoparticles exhibited similar scattering properties, but their absorbance spectrum was consistent with the presence of trans -resveratrol. Their functionalization increased their negative zeta potential when pH increased from 3.0 to 10.0. The mesoporous nanoparticles were monodispersed in alkaline conditions, where their anionic surface strongly repulsed each other but aggregated progressively under van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonding when negative zeta potential decreased. The characterized results of nanoparticle behavior in aqueous solution provide critical insigh for further study of nanoparticles with proteins in biological environment.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper Hydride Catalyzed Hydroamination of Alkenes and Alkynes (2016)

Abstract Review: [43 refs.
Midinfrared third-harmonic generation from macroscopically aligned ultralong single-wall carbon nanotubes (2013)

We report the observation of strong third-harmonic generation from a macroscopic array of aligned ultralong single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with intense midinfrared radiation. Through power-dependent experiments, we determined the absolute value of the third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility ${\ensuremath{\chi}}^{(3)}$ of our SWCNT film to be $5.53\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}12}$ esu, three orders of magnitude larger than that of the fused silica reference we used. Taking account of the filling factor of 8.75% for our SWCNT film, we estimate a ${\ensuremath{\chi}}^{(3)}$ of $6.32\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}11}$ esu for a fully dense film. Furthermore, through polarization-dependent experiments, we extracted all the nonzero elements of the ${\ensuremath{\chi}}^{(3)}$ tensor, determining the magnitude of the weaker tensor elements to be $\ensuremath{\sim}$1/6 of that of the dominant ${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{zzzz}^{(3)}$ component.
Experimental Demonstration of Optical Nyquist Generation of 32-Gbaud QPSK using a Comb-based Tunable Optical Tapped-Delay-Line FIR Filter (2014)

We experimentally demonstrate tunable optical Nyquist generation of 32Gbaud QPSK signals using optical tapped-delay line. Optical Nyquist spectra for different number of taps are shown, and 20% EVM and 2.8 dB OSNR penalty at BER of 1e-3 are measured.
Multi Provider DNSSEC models (2019)

Many enterprises today employ the service of multiple DNS providers to
distribute their authoritative DNS service. Deploying DNSSEC in such
an environment may present some challenges depending on the
configuration and feature set in use. This document will present
several deployment models that may be suitable.
Laser-Engineered Graphene on Wood Enables Efficient Antibacterial, Anti-Salt-Fouling, and Lipophilic-Matter-Rejection Solar Evaporation (2020)

Advances in solar steam generation have made a promise in mitigating the water scarcity problem. However, their practical use could be curtailed by the vaporized pollutants and the longevity limited by biofouling and salt-fouling that are often overlooked. Here, a flake of wood is reported to be engineered into a miniaturized solar water treatment device by a laser engraving process and demonstrates advantages over common solar systems. The device is structured to mimic the centralized water treatment plants, which contains a superhydrophilic graphene bottom layer for lipophilic organic matter rejection and antifouling, an intrinsic wood microchannels layer for water transport and thermal management, and a hydrophobic graphene top layer for solar-driven desalination while inhibiting salt deposition. The pore size of wood differentiates the water flux and hence the evaporation performance, and the balsa wood with a larger pore size possesses a higher evaporation rate of 1.6 ± 0.02 kg m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup> compared with pine wood. The hierarchical design achieves a solar energy conversion efficiency of 110% and a lipophilic organic matter removal efficiency of >90% and significantly improves longevity even at high salinity. This work illuminates a sustainable and cost-effective pathway for water treatment and shows potential for wastewater reuse.
The efficient plasma plume extraction from atmospheric pressure parallal dielectric barrier discharge jet (2006)

Summary form only given. Planar dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) have a large number of industrial applications because of simple structure and no need for cumbersome impedance matching systems. However, planar DBD still have some disadvantages such as the limit of gap distance and the non-uniformity due to the characteristics of microdischarge intercepting electrodes. Therefore the DBD jet has been introduced. Other known atmospheric pressure plasma jet devices can generate very short plumes in the millimeter range. Recently Laroussi et al. developed a new plasma jet with long plume in the centimeter range. However, this type has difficulty in making large area plasma plume. Teschke et al. showed the possibility of long and large area plasma plume using coplanar DBD structure. Using coplanar DBD structure, we developed novel parallel DBD jet. The plasma source consisted of two coplanar DBD, which were made of two thin copper strips and alumina plate with 1 mm thickness. Each coplanar DBD was positioned as facing alumina plane with 1 mm gap. The helium was flowed into the gap with flow rate in the 10-40 l/min. A high voltage with frequency ranging from 1-30 kHz and amplitude up to 10 kV was supplied between two copper strips of each coplanar DBD. Experimental results showed the long and large plasma plume in the centimeter range. The length of the plume depended on the helium flow rate and the magnitude of the applied voltage
Psychology and Economics (1987)

Several developments have joined to stimulate economists to think about issues that have been on the forefront of psychological research. First, the information revolution in economics has focused economists on the subtle nature of individual information processing. Secondly, developments in game theory have so successfully identified new solution concepts that for almost any pattern of market behaviour there exists a reasonable theory consistent with that pattern. Introspection, a few principles of decision making, internal consistency, and a few stylized facts do not constrain possibilities enough to be sufficient guides to theory. Theorists are being forced to seek more systematic sources of data and additional principles to reduce the number of competing theories. Third, the rapid development of experimental methods applicable to economics has brought the testing of psychologically based economic theories within the realm of reality. Economists can accurately measure behaviour in economically relevant settings. As behavioural patterns become established that are difficult to reconcile with economic models alone, the profession has begun to look to psychology for answers. The data thus force the attention of economists to a broader class of models.
Dissolved Organic Nitrogen Characterization and Bioavailability in Wastewater Effluents (2010)

This project addresses the dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) content in the effluents of different wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In this report, information is presented on the occurrence and levels of DON in WWTP effluents and its bioavailability. The information presented was generated by a survey of existing data from full scale plants achieving TN removal, direct sampling and monitoring of effluents from selected plants, and laboratory investigations on DON production in biological processes of WWTPs and its bioavailability to algae and bacteria. The results showed that there is a wide variation in effluent DON at different plants, ranging from non-detectable levels to as high as 2.5 mg N/L. The DON fraction of the effluent TN increases with decrease in effluent TN values, and could be as high as 85% of effluent TN. Size fractionation of effluent organic nitrogen (ON) fraction passing through a 1.2 μm filter showed that a significant colloidal fraction of ON exists between 0.1 and 1.2 μm particle size range in some plants. A fraction of the effluent DON is readily bioavailable to algae and bacteria in laboratory bioassays, and the presence of both algae and bacteria species in the bioassay increases the bioavailable DON fraction.This title belongs to WERF Research Report Series.ISBN: 9781843393542 (eBook)
Increased cholecystectomy rate after the introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To examine if overall cost savings may fail to result from laparoscopic ("closed") cholecystectomy if it also results in an increased total rate of cholecystectomies or generates additional costs unassociated with the open procedure. <h3>Outcome Measures.</h3> —Inpatient and outpatient expenditures, incidence rates, and length of inpatient stay data for 6909 health maintenance organization enrollees with gallbladder complaints were analyzed from 1988 through 1992 using claims data from a large, private practice—based health maintenance organization. <h3>Results.</h3> —The incidence of cholecystectomy and total health maintenance organization expenditures on gallbladder disease have increased since the introduction of laparoscopic closed cholecystectomy. The rate of cholecystectomy procedures per 1000 enrollees increased from 1.35 in 1988 to 2.15 in 1992 (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). Total annual medical expenditures on gallbladder disease per 1000 enrollees (in 1992 dollars) rose 11.4% during the study period (<i>P</i>&lt;.001), despite a concurrent 25.1% decline in the unit cost (physician and hospital cost) for cholecystectomy procedures (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). During the same study period, no significant change was noted in the rate of appendectomy per 1000 enrollees (0.76 in 1988 to 0.73 in 1992), which is a measure of nonelective surgical care, or in the inguinal hernia repair rate (2.01 in 1988 to 2.19 in 1992), which has a physician and patient discretionary component similar to that of cholecystectomy. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —The introduction of laparoscopic gallbladder surgery resulted in rising rates of cholecystectomy for a population of patients in a private, independent practice—based health maintenance organization. Such a rise was not seen for hernia repair surgery or appendectomy. It seems that the use of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a new technology touted as reducing health care costs, may result in an increased consumption of health care resources due to changes in the indications for gallbladder surgery. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;270:1429-1432)
Metabolomics Techniques in Nanotoxicology Studies (2012)

The rapid growth in the development of nanoparticles for uses in a variety of applications including targeted drug delivery, cancer therapy, imaging, and as biological sensors has led to questions about potential toxicity of such particles to humans. High-throughput methods are necessary to evaluate the potential toxicity of nanoparticles. The omics technologies are particularly well suited to evaluate toxicity in both in vitro and in vivo systems. Metabolomics, specifically, can rapidly screen for biomarkers related to predefined pathways or processes in biofluids and tissues. Specifically, oxidative stress has been implicated as a potential mechanism of toxicity in nanoparticles and is generally difficult to measure by conventional methods. Furthermore, metabolomics can provide mechanistic insight into nanotoxicity. This chapter focuses on the application of both LC/MS and NMR-based metabolomics approaches to study the potential toxicity of nanoparticles.
Interference management in femtocell networks with hybrid-ARQ and interference cancellation (2011)

Femtocells are small cellular base stations targeting in-home usage and deployed by end-users. Because of the unplanned nature of their deployment, they can suffer from severe inter-cell interference with neighboring femtocells in dense deployments. In addition, coordination is hardly feasible due to delays induced by the backhaul infrastructure of these home femtocell networks. We propose a novel and decentralized interference mitigation scheme that combines hybrid-ARQ and incremental redundancy with an interference cancellation decoder. Our performance evaluation based on analytical modeling and Monte Carlo experiments shows that our scheme is effective at combating interference without requiring any coordination.
Research priorities for the discovery of a cure for chronic hepatitis B: Report of a workshop (2017)

In early 2017, the Hepatitis B Foundation invited 30 experts in the fields of hepatitis B and liver cancer research to identify projects they deemed important to the goal of finding a cure for chronic hepatitis B and D and the diseases with which these viral infections are associated. They were also asked to identify general categories of research and to prioritize sub-project topics within those areas. The experts generally agreed on broadly defined areas of research, but there was usually little difference between the highest and lowest scoring projects; for the most part, all programs described in this document were considered valuable and necessary. An executive summary of this discussion was recently published (Alter et al., Hepatology 2017). The present manuscript reports the areas of research identified by the workshop participants, provides a brief rationale for their selection, and attempts to express differences among the priorities assigned to each area of research, when such distinctions were expressed.
Arixtra® (Fondaparinux Sodium) (2004)

The synthetic pentasaccharide Arixtra or Fondaparinux is an indirect anti-Xa that effectively inhibits thrombin generation via its binding to anti-thrombin, the co-factor for Xa. A well-executed and designed clinical development of Fondaparinux in venous thrombosis prophylaxis demonstrated success of this agent and thus its FDA approval. Further studies are in progress in order to expand the use of this anticoagulant in various thromboembolic disorders. This represents a new challenges for the marketing of this agent vs low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) or yet to come oral direct anti-Xa or direct anti-IIa with regard to pharmacoeconomics.
Biologically Induced Variations in the Nature and Removability of THM Precursors by Alum Treatment (1984)

A study was conducted to examine whether biological activity in a reservoir, which is partly responsible for seasonal variations in finished water trihalomethane (THM) concentrations, could affect the efficiency of alum coagulation in removing THM precursors. Alum coagulation reduced THM precursors by about 50 percent, and its effectiveness did not appear to be altered by variations in algal or bacterial population densities in the lake. Yields of THMs from the dissolved organic carbon that remained after treatment, however, were generally greater when biological activity in the reservoir was high. Diurnal variations caused by intense biological activity could affect the ability of a water treatment plant to produce water with THM levels consistently less than the maximum contaminant level.
Solution-processible corrugated structure and scattering layer for enhanced light extraction from organic light-emitting diodes (2012)

A simple method of fabricating out-coupling structures was demonstrated via solution-processing to enhance light extraction from organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Scattering layers were easily obtained by spin-coating an SiO2 sol solution that contained TiO2 particles. By introducing the scattering layer and the solution-processible corrugated structure as internal and external extraction layers, the OLEDs showed increased external quantum efficiency without a change in the electroluminescence spectrum compared to conventional devices. Using these solution-processible out-coupling structures, nearly all-solution-processed OLEDs with enhanced light extraction could be fabricated. The light extraction enhancement is attributed to the suppression by the out-coupling structures of the light-trapping that arose at the interface of the glass substrate and the air.
Studies on the synthesis and physical properties of EPDM. 2. Relations between polymerization factors and vulcanized properties of dicyclopentadiene type EPDM with 50 parts oli extended. (1985)

バナジウムの化合物と, 有機アルミニウム化合物とから成る可溶性 Ziegler 触媒を用い, 常圧連続重合法でエチレン, プロピレン, ジシクロペンタジエンの三元共重合を行った. この研究では50部油展用高 Mooney EPDM調製用の重合諸因子と, 加硫ゴム物性との関係が吟味された. さて, 油展後のML1+4(100°C)値が50～90のEPDMを得るには, 原料ゴムのそれが150～200以上必要になることがわかった. 高分子量EPDMを得るには, バナジウム使用量とEPDM中のエチレン含有量の効果が顕著であった. 低バナジウム濃度で, ジエン残基量, エチレン含有量とML粘度の異なる50部油展EPDMが種々調製された. これらを加硫し物性を評価した結果, ジエン残基量の多いEPDMは動的物性が低下し, エチレン量が増えると, 伸びと耐屈曲性が低下した. ML粘度は或る限度を越えて大きくなると物性との関係がなくなることがわかった.
Dynamically morphing microchannels in liquid crystal elastomer coatings containing disclinations (2020)

Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) hold a major promise as a versatile material platform for smart soft coatings since their orientational order can be predesigned to program a desired dynamic profile. In this work, we introduce temperature-responsive dynamic coatings based on LCEs with arrays of singular defects-disclinations that run parallel to the surface. The disclinations form in response to antagonistic patterns of the molecular orientation at the top and bottom surfaces, imposed by the plasmonic mask photoalignment. Upon heating, an initially flat LCE coating develops linear microchannels located above each disclination. The stimulus that causes a non-flat profile of LCE coatings upon heating is the activation force induced by the gradients of molecular orientation around disclinations. To describe the formation of microchannels and their thermal response, we adopt a Frank–Oseen model of disclinations in a patterned director field and propose a linear elasticity theory to connect the complex spatially varying molecular orientation to the displacements of the LCE. The thermo-responsive surface profiles predicted by the theory and by the finite element modeling are in good agreement with the experimental data; in particular, higher gradients of molecular orientation produce a stronger modulation of the coating profile. The elastic theory and the finite element simulations allow us to estimate the material parameter that characterizes the elastomer coating's response to the thermal activation. The disclination-containing LCEs show potential as soft dynamic coatings with a predesigned responsive surface profile.
Isopropyl Amide Derivatives of Potent and Selective Muscarinic M2 Receptor Antagonists. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
ChemInform Abstract: Redox‐Active Radical Scavenging Nanomaterials (2011)

Abstract Review: 101 refs.
Joint Subcarrier and Transmission Power Allocation in OFDMA-Based WPT System for Mobile-Edge Computing in IoT Environment (2021)

Mobile-edge computing (MEC) is expected to play an important role in the next-generation of Internet-of-Things (IoT) services with artificial intelligence (AI) by providing the sustainable computation capability of resource-constrained IoT devices. Since the finite battery lifetime has been a longstanding challenge of the MEC system for IoT services, the wireless power transfer (WPT) technology has been recently developed for the MEC system in order to support the perpetual operation of IoT devices. In this article, we introduce two resource allocation problems for OFDMA-based WPT-MEC systems: 1) a max–min energy fairness (MMEF) problem and 2) a power sum maximization (PSM) problem. These problems ensure high-performance computations for AI-based applications, where the network reliability and the tremendous power consumption may be required. Moreover, we incorporate a logarithmic nonlinear energy harvesting (EH) model into our formulated problems, which lead to nonconvex mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problems. In order to resolve these NP-hard problems, we convert the proposed problems into their equivalent convex forms by applying the continuous relaxation method. The near-optimal solutions are thereby obtained in closed-form expressions by leveraging the Lagrangian duality method for each relaxed problem. Numerical results are presented to validate the merits of the proposed algorithms of MMEF&PSM over the alternative benchmark algorithm and provide significant insights on the effects of the key system parameters, including the number of IoT devices and power transmission subcarriers.
Predistortion of OFDM signals for VLC systems using phosphor-converted LEDs (2022)

In Visible Light Communications (VLC) systems, the Light-Emitting Diode (LED) is the dominant source of non-linearity and memory effects, which are originated on phenomena that take place in both the electrical and optical domains. The impact that these LED non-idealities have on the received data symbols becomes even more notable with OFDM waveforms due to their high Peak-to-Average power Ratio (PAPR) of these signals. One simple way to address this problem consists in selecting a suitable Input Back-Off (IBO) value, forcing the LED to work in its linear region. However, such an approach limits the VLC system coverage, as it reduces the dynamic range of the OFDM signal that modulates the intensity of the optical wireless link. To provide a balance between these two conflicting goals, the use of digital predistortion can be considered instead, in order to compensate nonlinear distortion and memory effects that are added in the VLC transmitter. For this purpose, this paper studies the sources of nonlinearity and memory in phosphor-converted (PC)-LEDs in both electrical and optical domains. After that, different approaches are presented to model these effects in the PC-LED, namely the Wiener-Hammerstein, memory polynomial, and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models. Finally, the performance of each of these approaches for digital predistortion are experimentally evaluated in a software-defined VLC demonstrator, observing a notable improvement on the Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) when compared to the case in which no compensation is performed in transmission.
NMR resonance assignments of NarE, a putative ADP-ribosylating toxin from Neisseria meningitidis (2010)

NarE is a 16 kDa protein identified from Neisseria meningitidis, one of the bacterial pathogens responsible for meningitis. NarE belongs to the ADP-ribosyltransferase family and catalyses the transfer of ADP-ribose moieties to arginine residues in target protein acceptors. Many pathogenic bacteria utilize ADP-ribosylating toxins to modify and alter essential functions of eukaryotic cells. NarE was proposed to bind iron through a Fe-S center which is supposed to be implied in catalysis. We have produced and purified uniformly labeled (15)N- and (15)N/(13)C-NarE and assigned backbone and side-chain resonances using multidimensional heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy. These assignments provide the starting point for the three-dimensional structure determination of NarE and the characterization of the role of the Fe-S center in the catalytic mechanism.