gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Conjugated Polyions Enable Organic Photovoltaics Processed from Green Solvents (2019)

This paper describes the design, synthesis, and optical and electronic properties of two conjugated polymers CPIZ-B and CPIZ-T that incorporate closed-shell cations into their conjugated backbones, balanced by anionic pendant groups. The zwitterionic nature of the polymers renders them soluble in and processable from polar, protic solvents to form semiconducting films that are not doped. These unique properties are confirmed by absorption and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. The energies of the unoccupied states respond to the tritylium moieties in the conjugated backbone, while the occupied states respond to the electron-donating ability of the uncharged, aromatic units in the backbone. Films cast from 80:20 HCOOH/H2O by volume show good electron mobilities, enabling a photovoltaic effect in proof-of-concept, bilayer solar cells.
Fingerprint-Based Fuzzy Vault: Implementation and Performance (2007)

Reliable information security mechanisms are required to combat the rising magnitude of identity theft in our society. While cryptography is a powerful tool to achieve information security, one of the main challenges in cryptosystems is to maintain the secrecy of the cryptographic keys. Though biometric authentication can be used to ensure that only the legitimate user has access to the secret keys, a biometric system itself is vulnerable to a number of threats. A critical issue in biometric systems is to protect the template of a user which is typically stored in a database or a smart card. The fuzzy vault construct is a biometric cryptosystem that secures both the secret key and the biometric template by binding them within a cryptographic framework. We present a fully automatic implementation of the fuzzy vault scheme based on fingerprint minutiae. Since the fuzzy vault stores only a transformed version of the template, aligning the query fingerprint with the template is a challenging task. We extract high curvature points derived from the fingerprint orientation field and use them as helper data to align the template and query minutiae. The helper data itself do not leak any information about the minutiae template, yet contain sufficient information to align the template and query fingerprints accurately. Further, we apply a minutiae matcher during decoding to account for nonlinear distortion and this leads to significant improvement in the genuine accept rate. We demonstrate the performance of the vault implementation on two different fingerprint databases. We also show that performance improvement can be achieved by using multiple fingerprint impressions during enrollment and verification.
Synthesis and characterization of ionic liquids based upon 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride/ZnCl2 (2005)

Trialkylimidazolium chlorozincate molten salts resulting from the combination of zinc chloride and 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride, [BMMI][Cl], have been prepared with a mole percent of ZnCl2, R (R = nZnCl2/nZnCl2 + n[BMMI][Cl]) equal to 0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.33, 0.5, 0.66, 0.75. Their analyses by DSC, 13C, 1H and 35Cl solid state and solution NMR, and mass spectrometry (ESI, MS/MS) are consistent with the presence of [BMMI][Cl] and [BMMI][ZnCl3] for R < 0.5; pure [BMMI][ZnCl3] for R = 0.5, and [BMMI][ZnCl3] with [BMMI][Zn3Cl7] for R > 0.5. Infrared spectra realized in the presence of pyridine show that the Lewis acidity of ZnCl2–[BMMI][Cl] increases with R. High temperature (110 °C) 13C and 35Cl NMR experiments on neat [BMMI][ZnCl3] (R = 0.5) evidenced that its structure varies with time from [BMMI][ZnCl3] to [BMMI⋯Cl⋯ZnCl2].
Nickel(0)/NaHMDS adduct-mediated intramolecular alkylation of unactivated arenes via a homolytic aromatic substitution mechanism (2012)

A variety of polycycles can be synthesized via an intramolecular alkylation cyclization promoted by Ni(PPh(3))(4) and NaHMDS. Mechanistic investigations support the catalytic nature of Ni(0) in the course of TEMPO scavenging experiments and its association with the substrate and NaHMDS to form an adduct by DOSY NMR.
Supplementary Figure S1 from HLA Class I–Associated Immunodominance Affects CTL Responsiveness to an ESO Recombinant Protein Tumor Antigen Vaccine (2023)

Supplementary Figure S1 from HLA Class I–Associated Immunodominance Affects CTL Responsiveness to an ESO Recombinant Protein Tumor Antigen Vaccine
Throughput performance of non-orthogonal multple access with joint detection in far user (2015)

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) can share the same frequency band with multiple mobile devices. In the conventional NOMA scheme, the possible pairs of users are limited and this limitation reduces the amount of capacity improvement. This is because only the receiver in the near user cancels the signal of the other user and then detects the desired signal. In this paper, a joint detection scheme in the far user as well as the near user of the NOMA downlink is proposed. The throughput performance for multiple users with joint detection is evaluated through multi-cell system level simulation. Numerical results obtained through computer simulation show that the proposed scheme increases the system throughput by about 0.1 bit/subcarrier and also improves user fairness.
Dynamics of a Transgene Expression in Acute Rat Brain Slices Transfected with Adenoviral Vectors (2003)

We present a quantitative account of the expression dynamics of a transgene (enhanced green fluorescent protein, EGFP) in acute brain slices transfected with an adenoviral vector (AVV) under control of the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) promoter. Micromolar concentrations of EGFP could be detected in brainstem and hippocampal slices as early as 7 h after in vitro transfection with a viral titre of 4.4 x 10(9) plaque-forming units (pfu) ml(-1). Although initially EGFP appeared mainly in glia, it could be detected in neurones with longer incubation times of 10-12 h. However, fluorescence was never detected within some populations of neurones, such as hippocampal pyramidal cells, or within the hypoglossal motor nucleus. The density of cells expressing EGFP peaked at 10 h and then decreased, possibly suggesting that high concentrations of EGFP are toxic. The age of the animal significantly affected the speed of EGFP accumulation: after 10 h of incubation in 30-day-old rats only 4.88 +/- 0.51 cells/10 000 micro m(2) were fluorescent compared to 7.28 +/- 0.39 cells/10 000 micro m(2) in 12-day-old rats (P < 0.05). HCMV promoter-driven transgene expression depended on the activity of protein kinase A, and was depressed with a cAMP/protein kinase A antagonist (20 micro M Rp-cAMPS; P < 0.0005). This indicates that expression of HCMV-driven constructs is likely to be skewed towards cellular populations where cAMP-dependent signalling pathways are active. We conclude that acute transfection of brain slices with AVVs within hours causes EGFP expression in micromolar concentrations and that such transfected cells may remain viable for use in physiological experiments.
Capacity assignment in non-switching multichannel networks (1988)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1988.
Induction of Serum Amyloid A Inflammatory Response Genes in Irradiated Bone Marrow Cells (1998)

The molecular mechanisms underlying radiation-induced defects in the bone marrow which may contribute to the development of radiation-induced hematopoietic disorders such as aplastic anemia and leukemia are not known. Persistent changes in gene expression were examined after exposure of cells of a murine bone marrow stromal cell line to ionizing radiation. Analysis of mRNA transcript levels by differential display led to the identification of a band, C122, which increased in abundance 1 week after exposure. Northern blot hybridization verified these results and revealed a 12-fold increase in abundance of this message for up to 3 weeks after irradiation in vitro. DNA sequence analysis identified clone C122 as murine serum amyloid A 3 (Saa3), a member of the Saa family of acute-phase or inflammatory response genes. Saa message levels were then examined in vivo in the bone marrow of mice exposed to total-body irradiation. Semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed a 15-20-fold increase in Saa3 message levels in the bone marrow of irradiated mice from 3 days to 2 weeks after exposure. Saa3 message levels continued to be 2-3-fold above control for up to 28 weeks in vivo. Two additional members of the murine Saa gene family, Saa1 and Saa2, were also detected in irradiated bone marrow. The expression of SAA1 and SAA2 was also detected in irradiated cells of human bone marrow stromal cell lines in vitro. These results suggest that SAA genes are involved in the radiation response in the bone marrow, but their role in the recovery of the marrow after irradiation or in the development of radiation-induced hematopoietic disorders remains to be established. Additionally, the persistent radiation-induced increase in expression suggests the potential utility of using SAA3 transcript levels as a molecular marker of past radiation exposure.
Broadcast channel with transmitter noncausal interference and receiver side information (2014)

This work investigates the broadcast channel with the knowledge of noncausal interference at the transmitter and side information at the receivers. The system studied involves one transmitter sending private information to two receivers. We first obtain an achievable rate region of this system by extending Gelfand and Pinsker's (GP's) random binning method, originally designed for point-to-point communications. We then apply the result to Gaussian scalar and vector channels, and consider the design of the auxiliary random variable used in GP's approach. Asymptotic analysis shows that the proposed scheme in both scalar and vector channels is asymptotically capacity-achieving at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We further investigate the system optimization in the finite SNR regime. For the scalar channel, we derive the optimal auxiliary factor that maximizes the weighed sum-rate. For the vector channel, two kinds of suboptimal designing methods for the auxiliary matrix are proposed. Numerical results show that the proposed scheme can achieve a sum-rate close to the cut-set bound in the entire SNR regime, and significantly outperforms the schemes that do not exploit the knowledge of noncausal interference known at the transmitter.
Advanced Drug Delivery Vectors with Tailored Surface Properties Made of Mesoporous Binary Oxides Submicronic Spheres (2009)

The synthesis of mesoporous silica-zirconia mixed oxides that can be used as efficient drug delivery carriers for bisphosphonates based drugs has been performed via spray-drying process. These silica-zirconia mixed oxides used for the first time as drug delivery systems exhibit mesostructures with tunable acidity. The two selected drugs were alendronate and zoledronate, which carry similar phosphonate heads but different amine tails in terms of acidity and hydrophobicity. The incorporation of different zirconium amounts into the mesostructured silica network creates Lewis and Brönsted acid surface sites allowing to control the surface properties of the mesoporous matrix and therefore the amount of phosphonate adsorbed into the mesopores. This effect occurs even at low ZrO2 contents and produces a noticeable modification on the release behavior of bisphosphonates. The partial retention of the drug through phosphonates complexation by zirconium sites leads to a more sustained release of the drug. These binary ordered mesoporous oxides act as versatile controlled release vectors of bisphosphonates with potential application in bone implant technologies. This novel application of these silica-zirconia oxides and their capability to tune the drug release kinetics augur a significant advance in the field of materials science.
LAPAROSCOPIC BILATERAL HAND ASSISTED NEPHRECTOMY FOR AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE: INITIAL EXPERIENCE (2001)

Hand assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease makes bilateral nephrectomy a reasonable option. The bilateral procedure may be performed as rapidly as laparoscopic only, unilateral nephrectomy in these cases. The advantages of the hand assisted approach include using tactile sensation to facilitate dissection, rapid blunt finger dissection, hand retraction and the application of immediate tamponade when needed. This procedure provides the benefits of minimal intraoperative blood loss, minimal postoperative pain, brief hospital stay and rapid convalescence in this group of patients at high risk.
On-chip digital droplet PCR quantification of miRNA using a multiplexing assay (2014)

Recent advances show that miRNA has a great potential in diagnostics. Several studies demonstrate that the expression profile of miRNAs, which are short (18-22 nucleotides) but powerful regulators of a wide range of biological processes, can aid in distinguishing between healthy and diseased patients. As these regulators are detectable in peripheral blood, they can perfectly serve as blood-based biomarkers. An interesting way to profile miRNAs involves the use of lab-on-chip tools, which allow automated quantification. Therefore, it is of interest to implement the detection of miRNA into a microfluidic device or chip. As digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) has shown to be more accurate and has an improved reproducibility compared to regular qPCR, microfluidic chips (9x9 mm) for ddPCR were fabricated using in house silicon technology. Preliminary results show that the simultaneous detection of two miRNAs (Let-7a and miR-39 ) in picoliter-sized droplets using this design is possible. Current efforts are ongoing to further increase the multiplex capability as well as to simplify miRNA detection by combining the RT and ddPCR step in one droplet. This will lead to an optimal usage of this chip configuration.
Structure and sense of enantioselection of rhodium complexes of P-chiral diphosphines (2005)

but the predominant modulation, observed also in the neutron data, is a double hexagonal cell with dimensions 2a x 2 a x c. Rietveld analysis reveals that D 2 O is inserted between CoO 2 sheets as to form a layered network of NaO 6 triangular prisms. Our model removes the need to invoke a 5K superconducting point compound and suggests that a solid solution of Na is possible within a constant amount of water y.
Dendritic spinopathy in transgenic mice expressing ALS/dementia-linked mutant UBQLN2 (2014)

Mutations in the gene encoding ubiquilin2 (UBQLN2) cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal type of dementia, or both. However, the molecular mechanisms are unknown. Here, we show that ALS/dementia-linked UBQLN2(P497H) transgenic mice develop neuronal pathology with ubiquilin2/ubiquitin/p62-positive inclusions in the brain, especially in the hippocampus, recapitulating several key pathological features of dementia observed in human patients with UBQLN2 mutations. A major feature of the ubiquilin2-related pathology in these mice, and reminiscent of human disease, is a dendritic spinopathy with protein aggregation in the dendritic spines and an associated decrease in dendritic spine density and synaptic dysfunction. Finally, we show that the protein inclusions in the dendritic spines are composed of several components of the proteasome machinery, including Ub(G76V)-GFP, a representative ubiquitinated protein substrate that is accumulated in the transgenic mice. Our data, therefore, directly link impaired protein degradation to inclusion formation that is associated with synaptic dysfunction and cognitive deficits. These data imply a convergent molecular pathway involving synaptic protein recycling that may also be involved in other neurodegenerative disorders, with implications for development of widely applicable rational therapeutics.
ChemInform Abstract: A CONVENIENT PROCEDURE FOR UPGRADING COMMERCIAL (+)‐ AND (‐)‐α‐PINENE TO MATERIAL OF HIGH OPTICAL PURITY (1983)

Abstract Zur Reinigung von optisch aktiven Pinenen wie (+)‐a‐ Pinen (I) zu optisch reinerem Material wird ein Verfahren über das entsprechende Hydroborierungsprodukt (II) und seine weitere Anreicherung zu (III) durch Isomerenaustausch mit dem im 15 %igen Überschuß zugesetzten (I) beschrieben.
Application of indium tin oxide to the p‐cladding layers of yellow/green II‐VI compound semiconductor laser diode structures on InP substrates (2016)

Abstract The application of indium tin oxide (ITO) as the p‐cladding layer of II‐VI compound semiconductor laser diodes (LDs) on InP substrates was investigated. The waveguide analysis of the LD structures revealed that the optical confinement effect around the active layer was obviously improved by changing the p‐cladding layer from the conventional MgSe/BeZnTe superlattice to ITO. For example, the estimated optical confinement factors were 0.15 and 0.27 for the conventional and ITO LD structure, respectively, when the emission wavelength was 580 nm. In addition, we investigated optimum LD structures, considering the optical and carrier confinements at the active layer. In experiments, light emitting devices with an ITO layer were fabricated on InP substrates via molecular beam epitaxy and radio‐frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. Yellow emissions at 582 nm were observed by current injections at room temperature. These results indicate that ITO is a promising p‐cladding layer material for II‐VI LDs on InP substrates. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Enteric defensins (1997)

Paneth cells in the crypts of Lieberkuhn of the small intestine release granules that contain antimicrobial proteins and peptides into the crypt lumen. α-Defensins, or cryptdins, are abundant in mouse and human Paneth cell granules, and evidence suggests that they contribute to gastrointestinal host defense and influence the crypt microenvironment. The adefensins are basic, 3 to 4 kD amphipathic peptides that contain three invariantly paired cysteines that determine some of the biochemical properties of the peptide family. The mouse and human intestinal peptides are potent antimicrobial agents with selective activities against several microbial species. Studies of mouse cryptdin isoforms show that amino acid substitutions at positions on the peptide surface can modulate antimicrobial activity, suggesting that these positions may be involved in peptide-target cell interactions. The known adefensins are coded by individual two-exon genes that are clustered on chromosome 8 in mice and humans. In mice, Paneth's cell a-defensin genes are expressed differentially during neonatal development and along the longitudinal axis of the small intestine. Human Paneth cell a-defensin HD-5 also is expressed in female genitourinary tract epithelium, and mouse cryptdins are found in Sertoli cells and Leydig cells of the testis. Thus, Paneth cell a-defensins are likely effectors of innate immunity in the small intestine and also on other mucosal surfaces.
Progress in self-stabilizing capsules for imaging of the large intestine (2010)

This work reports on the progress and development advances in the design of self-stabilizing capsules for imaging the lower part of the gastro-intestinal tract, namely the large intestine (the colon). Macro-level design is reviewed, and the new miniaturized design and its components are described. Preliminary performance results are discussed.
Gadolinium-Ethoxybenzyl-DTPA, a New Liver-Directed Magnetic Resonance Contrast Agent (1993)

The results further support preliminary conclusions that Gd-EOB-DTPA is a well-tolerated MR contrast agent.
Preyssler‐Pope‐Jeannin Polyanions [NaP5W30O110]14– and [AgP5W30O110]14–: Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis, Structure, and Biological Activity (2018)

The Preyssler‐Pope‐Jeannin polyanion [NaP 5 W 30 O 110 ] 14– ( 1 ) was prepared by microwave‐assisted synthesis in only 2 h with a yield comparable to the reported hydrothermal procedure. The purity of 1 was confirmed by FT‐IR and multinuclear NMR ( 31 P, 183 W) analysis. The silver(I)‐containing analogue [AgP 5 W 30 O 110 ] 14– ( 2 ) was also prepared by hydrothermal (6 d) as well as microwave‐based (2 h) procedures. Polyanion 2 was characterized in the solid state by FT‐IR, single‐crystal XRD, TGA, and elemental analysis and in solution by 31 P and 183 W NMR, and ESI‐MS. The antiproliferative activities against human cells as well as the antimicrobial properties towards Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria were comparatively evaluated for 1 and 2 .
Influence of Substrate Heating and Nitrogen Flow on the Composition, Morphological and Mechanical Properties of SiNx Coatings Aimed for Joint Replacements (2017)

Silicon nitride (SiN<i><sub>x</sub></i>) coatings are promising for joint replacement applications due to their high wear resistance and biocompatibility. For such coatings, a higher nitrogen content, obtained through an increased nitrogen gas supply, has been found to be beneficial in terms of a decreased dissolution rate of the coatings. The substrate temperature has also been found to affect the composition as well as the microstructure of similar coatings. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the substrate temperature and nitrogen flow on the coating composition, microstructure and mechanical properties. SiN<i><sub>x</sub></i> coatings were deposited onto CoCrMo discs using reactive high power impulse magnetron sputtering. During deposition, the substrate temperatures were set to 200 °C, 350 °C or 430 °C, with nitrogen-to-argon flow ratios of 0.06, 0.17 or 0.30. Scanning and transmission electron spectroscopy revealed that the coatings were homogenous and amorphous. The coatings displayed a nitrogen content of 23-48 at.% (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy). The surface roughness was similar to uncoated CoCrMo (<i>p</i> = 0.25) (vertical scanning interferometry). The hardness and Young's modulus, as determined from nanoindentation, scaled with the nitrogen content of the coatings, with the hardness ranging from 12 ± 1 GPa to 26 ± 2 GPa and the Young's moduli ranging from 173 ± 8 GPa to 293 ± 18 GPa, when the nitrogen content increased from 23% to 48%. The low surface roughness and high nano-hardness are promising for applications exposed to wear, such as joint implants.
Supplementary Figure Legends from Down-Regulation of Regulatory Subunit Type 1A of Protein Kinase A Leads to Endocrine and Other Tumors (2023)

Supplementary Figure Legends from Down-Regulation of Regulatory Subunit Type 1A of Protein Kinase A Leads to Endocrine and Other Tumors
Surgical technique: establishing a pre-clinical large animal model to test aortic valve leaflet substitute (2016)

To overcome current limitations of valve substitutes and tissue substitutes the technology of tissue engineering (TE) continues to offer new perspectives in congenital cardiac surgery. We report our experiences and results implanting a decellularized TE patch in nine sheep in orthotropic position as aortic valve leaflet substitute. Establishing the animal model, feasibility, cardiopulmonary bypass issues and operative technique are highlighted.