gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Impacts of seasonal kaolin particle films on apple pest management (2001)

Abstract The impact of multiple applications of the kaolin-based particle film M96-018 on the population density of selected pests of apple, Malus domestica (Borkh) (Rosaceae), and their natural enemy populations were measured in several Washington State orchards from 1997 to 1999. Densities of western tentiform leafminer, Phyllonorycter elmaella (Doganlar and Mutuura) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), were significantly higher and percent parasitism was generally lower in treated plots than in untreated plots. The effect of M96-018 on green aphids ( Aphis spp.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) was variable between orchards; however, populations of rosy apple aphid, Dysaphis plantaginea Passerini (Hemiptera: Aphididae), were higher in treated plots than in untreated plots. M96-018 reduced the mean density of the white apple leafhopper, Typhlocyba pomaria (McAtee) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), and the density of spiders (Araneae) compared with untreated plots. Fruit injury by codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), and fruittree leafroller, Archips argyrospilus (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), was significantly reduced in the treated plots compared with the untreated plots. The effect of M96-018 on the mullein bug, Campylomma verbasci (Meyer) (Hemiptera: Miridae), was variable between orchards and years. Stink bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) density and related fruit injury were unaffected by M96-018. Fruit infestation by San Jose scale, Quadraspidiotus perniciosus (Comstock) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), was significantly higher in treated plots than in untreated plots. Discontinuing applications of M96-018 at mid-season reduced the number of aphid-infested leaves and increased fruit injury by leafroller compared with a full-season program. No differences in pest densities occurred in plots treated for one versus two consecutive years; however, the density of phytophagous mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) was significantly higher the subsequent year after plots were treated with M96-018. Further studies are needed to elucidate how these disruptive impacts of particle films can be minimized.
GaPO/sub 4/ resonators with Q factors of some millions in the fundamental mode (2003)

Gallium orthophosphate (GaPO/sub 4/) is a novel, synthetic piezoelectric crystal which is homeotypic to quartz. Most physical properties are stable until 970/spl deg/C. New applications are thickness shear resonators (fundamental mode) with a cut angle near Y-84/spl deg/ and very low coupling coefficients which have shown very high Q factors (Reiter et al, Proc. 15th Euro. Freq. and Time Forum, pp. 50-54, 2001), and thus it is called the HiQ cut. The temperature behavior and the electrical equivalent circuits of some new HiQ resonators are investigated with a HP network analyzer and an oscillator. The oscillator had a special design because of the high motional resistances of the HiQ resonators (several k/spl Omega/ at normal pressure conditions which decrease to several hundreds of Q under vacuum conditions). The highest Q factors (up to 13/spl times/10/sup 6/) are obtained with the network analyzer at a pressure of about 0.04 mbar. The next measurements are focused on short term stability to obtain oscillators with very low noise.
Honeycomb-shaped electro-neural interface enables cellular-scale pixels in subretinal prosthesis (2019)

High-resolution visual prostheses require small, densely packed pixels, but limited penetration depth of the electric field formed by a planar electrode array constrains such miniaturization. We present a novel honeycomb configuration of an electrode array with vertically separated active and return electrodes designed to leverage migration of retinal cells into voids in the subretinal space. Insulating walls surrounding each pixel decouple the field penetration depth from the pixel width by aligning the electric field vertically, enabling a decrease of the pixel size down to cellular dimensions. We demonstrate that inner retinal cells migrate into the 25 μm deep honeycomb wells as narrow as 18 μm, resulting in more than half of these cells residing within the electrode cavities. Immune response to honeycombs is comparable to that with planar arrays. Modeled stimulation threshold current density with honeycombs does not increase substantially with reduced pixel size, unlike quadratic increase with planar arrays. This 3-D electrode configuration may enable functional restoration of central vision with acuity better than 20/100 for millions of patients suffering from age-related macular degeneration.
Can we predict eat-out preference of a person from tweets? (2016)

Twitter, a microblogging site, has become a major platform of communication of users on the web. Recently, location based social networking sites such as Foursquare have become popular which enable users to publish their visited places through check-ins. In this paper, we present a study of users' eat-out preferences who share their Foursquare restaurant check-ins through Twitter. Our study reveals a strong correlation of a user's eat-out preference and the linguistic features of her tweets, i.e., word use. Hence, our proposed model enables one to predict a user's eat-out preference from her word-use in Twitter.
Adsorptive Removal of Toxic Dye Using Fe3O4–TSC Nanocomposite: Equilibrium, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic Studies (2016)

Herein, trisodium citrate based magnetite nanocomposite (Fe3O4–TSC) was used for malachite green (MG) dye expulsion from aqueous medium. The adsorption tests were executed at different parameters. The maximum adsorption were took place at pH 4 in 40 min. The equilibrium studies were demonstrated using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms and better agreement was attained with the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity (qe) was calculated 435 mg g–1 using Langmuir equation. The kinetic parameters displayed that MG adsorption onto Fe3O4–TSC followed pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Furthermore, the thermodynamic analysis suggested the adsorption of MG onto Fe3O4–TSC was impulsive and exothermic. The desorption studies showed the best recovery of MG dye in 0.1 M HCl. Finally, it was found that Fe3O4–TSC can be effortlessly separated from mixed solutions using external magnetic field.
Opto‐E‐Dura: A Soft, Stretchable ECoG Array for Multimodal, Multiscale Neuroscience (2020)

Soft, stretchable materials hold great promise for the fabrication of biomedical devices due to their capacity to integrate gracefully with and conform to biological tissues. Conformal devices are of particular interest in the development of brain interfaces where rigid structures can lead to tissue damage and loss of signal quality over the lifetime of the implant. Interfaces to study brain function and dysfunction increasingly require multimodal access in order to facilitate measurement of diverse physiological signals that span the disparate temporal and spatial scales of brain dynamics. Here the Opto-e-Dura, a soft, stretchable, 16-channel electrocorticography array that is optically transparent is presented. Its compatibility with diverse optical and electrical readouts is demonstrated enabling multimodal studies that bridge spatial and temporal scales. The device is chronically stable for weeks, compatible with wide-field and 2-photon calcium imaging and permits the repeated insertion of penetrating multielectrode arrays. As the variety of sensors and effectors realizable on soft, stretchable substrates expands, similar devices that provide large-scale, multimodal access to the brain will continue to improve fundamental understanding of brain function.
Mikrobläschen als Kontrastmittel für die diagnostische Ultraschall‐Bildgebung: die Schlüsselrolle von Perfluorverbindungen (2003)

Abstract Mikrometergroße Gasbläschen, die bei den für diagnostische Zwecke genutzten Ultraschallfrequenzen als Resonator fungieren, sind effektive Kontrastmittel für die Ultrasonographie. Doch einfache Luftbläschen lösen sich nach der Injektion in die Blutbahn innerhalb weniger Sekunden auf. Erst Fluorkohlenwasserstoffe, die die Lebensdauer der Mikrobläschen in vivo von Sekunden auf Minuten erhöhen, machten die Kontrast‐Ultrasonographie zu einer klinisch einsetzbaren Technik. Durch selektives Unterdrücken der Gewebesignale erhält man noch kontrastreichere Bilder. Zugelassen sind bisher C 3 F 8 ‐ und SF 6 ‐Mikrobläschen sowie N 2 ‐Mikrobläschen, die osmotisch durch C 6 F 14 stabilisiert sind. Mit ihnen lassen sich kardiovaskuläre Anomalitäten und Organschäden wie Tumore nachweisen und charakterisieren. Die so erhaltenen genauen Bilder tragen zu zuverlässigeren Diagnosen bei; damit kann dieser Technik eine entscheidende Rolle bei der klinischen Entscheidungsfindung zukommen. Neue Forschungsziele sind Mikrobläschen, die bestimmte Zellen ansteuern – sowohl für die Untersuchung einer Erkrankung als auch für die Wirkstoff‐Freisetzung und den Gentransport.
<title>Characterization of active thermographic system performance</title> (1999)

The decision to use Thermographic Nondestructive Testing (TNDT) for a particular application is frequently made on an empirical basis using flat bottom hole test samples. In many cases, results are interpreted using subjective, non- quantitative criteria that cannot be generalized to apply to a broader range of applications. Although sensitivity is generally considered an important indicator of TNDT system performance, subsurface spatial resolution is rarely discussed. We present a methodology for TNDT system performance characterization that is loosely modeled on the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) used in visual imaging. Once a TNDT system has been characterized using this approach, system performance for other applications can be accurately predicted. Examples including a steel resolution target and flat bottom holes in a CMC panel are discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure—Activity Relationships of Novel Anti‐Malarial Agents. Part 2. Cinnamic Acid Derivatives (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Analysis of quadrupole focusing lattices for electron beam transport in traveling-wave tubes (2013)

Analysis of a quadrupole focusing lattice for high-frequency TWT's is presented. Single particle tracking is performed to determine the phase advance, with the eventual goal of determining the advantageous frequency regime for devices using this focusing method. This work is motivated by recent work which demonstrated an advantageous case for strong focusing employing a Halbach quadrupole lattice.
Differential display identification ofplunc, a novel gene expressed in embryonic palate, nasal epithelium, and adult lung. (2000)

Page 13698: Acknowledgments of grant support were omitted. The following information should be included in the asterisk footnote: “This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health Grants DE11176 (to W. M. W.), HD08368 (to E. E. L.), DE05550 and DE12858 (to R. M. G.), and ES07005, DE16864, AR42887, AR07583, and HD15822 (to R. S. T.).”
Promoter’s Choice Drive CAR-T Efficiency (2021)

The development and the functionality of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) therapy is highly linked to the stability and expression level of the receptor, for which the choice of the promoter is key. Although EF1α is a reference promoter to induce strong antigen binding and long-term CAR expression, we investigated the impact of this one and other constitutive promoters (MSCV, PGK, β2m and CMV) on a CAR123 construct in the Blastic Plasmocytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm (BPDCN). Our results indicate that lentiviral vector titer is affected by transgene nature and promoter activity. Interestingly, by moderating the expression level of CAR123 at the cell surface, its recognition capacity and selectivity were improved. We observed that in early stages after transduction, CAR123 expression level did not affect lymphocyte’s phenotype and its cytotoxic capacity against BPDCN cell line. However, following long-term culture and decrease of cell-surface CAR expression, a hallmark of transition from activation to memory state of T-cells was observed, and only T-cells transduced with CAR-EF1α or -β2m promoters were still functional. We identified β2m as a promising promoter. Though it shows lower antigen-binding CAR-T cell and antigen recognition rates compared to EF1α, β2m promoter still present interesting CAR expression levels, stability, and binding capacity
Gas heating mechanisms in capacitively coupled plasmas (2012)

Capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) tools utilized for plasma etching of dielectric features utilize large amounts of power for processing. As a result, neutral gas heats up significantly during processing. The resulting gas density variations across the reactor can affect reaction rates, radical densities, plasma characteristics and uniformity within the reactor. In this paper, results from a two-dimensional computational investigation of an Ar/CF4 CCP discharge incorporating an energy equation solution for all ions and neutrals are discussed. The dominant neutral gas heating process is identified to be elastic collisions with ions while conduction is found to be the major mechanism of heat transport. Some species such as F and CF3 demonstrate higher temperatures than the feedstock gases owing to additional heating via charge-exchange reactions and/or Franck–Condon heating. Typical process parameters such as pressure, frequency of excitation, power and gas composition are varied to investigate their impact on gas temperature. At higher excitation frequency and/or pressure, increased elastic collisions with ions lead to greater heat generation. The heat generated per molecule of the radicals, however, decreases with increase in pressure leading to a decrease in gas temperature. The increase in neutral collision frequencies with pressure also results in the decrease in temperature difference between species in the plasma. As CF4 fraction increases, both the elastic collision cross-section and Franck–Condon heating sources increase, leading to higher gas temperatures.
A cost-efficient high-speed 12-bit pipeline ADC in 0.18-/spl mu/m digital CMOS (2005)

A 12-bit pipeline ADC fabricated in a 0.18-/spl mu/m pure digital CMOS technology is presented. Its nominal conversion rate is 110 MS/s and the nominal supply voltage is 1.8 V. The effective number of bits is 10.4 when a 10-MHz input signal with 2V/sub P-P/ signal swing is applied. The occupied silicon area is 0.86 mm/sup 2/ and the power consumption equals 97 mW. A switched capacitor bias current generator scales the opamp bias currents automatically with the conversion rate, which gives scaleable power consumption and full performance of the ADC from 20 to 140 MS/s.
System architecture of Wireless Body Sensor Networks (2009)

Wireless Body Sensor Networks (WBSNs) emerged as a design solution of choice for a number of wearable and ubiquitous monitoring applications. Although useful as stand alone monitoring systems, full potential of WBSNs might be explored by integrating individual on-body systems into hierarchical real-time systems to support unobtrusive ubiquitous applications with intermittent communication. However, resource constrains of the lowest levels of the system architecture demand careful system design and specific trade offs in the WBSN design space. Typical issues include proper design of the wireless communication system, buffering, and real-time latency. These issues are application dependent and critically influence system performance and user acceptance. This paper presents system architecture of the hierarchical wireless body sensor networks and design issues in the WBSN design space.
Hybrid Model for Discrete Cracks in Concrete (1984)

A method is proposed for the analysis of mode I and mixed mode crack propagation in concrete. It is based on a hybrid technique which uses finite elements to represent the uncracked specimen, and distributed dislocations to represent the crack. Consequently, no remeshing of the finite elements is required after crack propagation. This method is improved and further developed to make it applicable to concrete by incorporating the nonlinear traction transfer characteristics in a crack in concrete. By incorporating expressions obtained from previous studies to represent the aggregate interlock and imperfect debonding (i.e., tensile softening) in the crack, the major sources of nonlinearity caused by cracking are accounted for. Crack propagation in a single edge notched beam, subjected to four point bending, is modeled correctly, while the predicted reduction in load corresponds satisfactorily with the experimentally obtained results.
Double-Lariat Caged Morpholino Oligonucleotides for Optical Gene Silencing (2022)

Caged morpholino oligonucleotides (cMOs) are synthetic tools that allow light-inducible gene silencing in live organisms. Previously reported cMOs have utilized hairpin, duplex, and cyclic structures, as well as caged nucleobases. While these optochemical technologies enable efficient optical gene silencing, they can have limited dynamic range. To address this issue, a new caging strategy was developed where the two MO termini are conjugated to an internal position through a self-immolative trifunctional linker, thereby generating a bicyclic cMO with a double lariat-like structure. The efficacy of this alternative cMO design has been demonstrated in zebrafish embryos and compared to the monocyclic constructs.
Delay Monitoring in ATM Networks (1999)

ATM networks provide end-to-end QoS guarantees to connectionsfor their lifetime, in the form of bounds on delays, errors andlosses. Performance management involves measurement of theseparameters accurately and taking control measures if required, toimprove performance. This is very important for real time connectionsin which losses are irrecoverable and delays cause interruptions inservice. In this paper, we concentrate on delay monitoringmechanisms. After presenting the OAM standard for ATM and a fewsolutions in the literature, problems still remaining are formulatedand directions being pursued to obtain solutions are indicated.<P><P><I> This paper was published in the Proceedings of the 3rd Annual Conferenceon Advanced Telecommunications and Information Distribution ResearchProgram (ATIRP), pp. 259-263, February 1-5, 1999, University of Maryland,University College, MD.</I>
Chemical–Biological Fingerprinting: Probing the Properties of DNA Lesions Formed by Peroxynitrite (2007)

DNA-damaging agents usually produce a vast collection of lesions within the genome. Analysis of these lesions from the structural and biological viewpoints is often complicated by the reality that some of the lesions are chemically fragile, leading to an even larger set of secondary and tertiary products. In an effort to deconvolute complex DNA-damage spectra, a strategy is presented whereby an oligonucleotide containing a specific target for chemical reaction is allowed to react with a DNA-damaging agent. A large collection of HPLC-resolvable modified oligonucleotides is generated, and chromatographically distinct members of the set are then individually characterized using chemical, spectroscopic, biochemical, and genetic probes. The biological component of this "chemical-biological fingerprinting" tool is the use of polymerase bypass in vivo in cells having defined replication status and quantitative and qualitative patterns of lesion-directed mutagenesis, as key properties that complement physical analysis of modified DNA. This approach was applied to the complex product spectrum generated by peroxynitrite in the presence of CO2; peroxynitrite is a powerful oxidizing and nitrating agent generated as part of immune response. An oligonucleotide containing the primary oxidation product, 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoGua), which is highly susceptible to further oxidation and/or nitration, was treated with peroxynitrite. Using mass spectrometry, coelution with authentic standards, sensitivity to piperidine, recognition and strand cleavage by the DNA repair enzyme MutM, and mutagenicity and genotoxicity in vivo, a matrix was created that defined the properties of the secondary DNA lesions formed when 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) delivered a low, constant flux of peroxynitrite to an oligonucleotide containing 8-oxoGua. Two lesions were identified as the diastereomers of spiroiminodihydantoin (Sp), which had been observed previously in nucleoside-based experiments employing SIN-1. A third lesion, triazine, was tentatively identified. However, in addition to these lesions, a number of secondary lesions were generated that had chemical-biological fingerprints inconsistent with that of any known 8-oxoGua-derived lesion described to date. In vitro experiments showed that while some of these newly characterized secondary lesions were removed from DNA by MutM, others were in fact very poor substrates for this repair enzyme. These 8-oxoGua-derived lesions also showed varying degrees of sensitivity to piperidine. Furthermore, all of the secondary lesions observed in this work were potently mutagenic and genotoxic in Escherichia coli. Therefore, while 8-oxoGua itself is nontoxic and only mildly mutagenic in repair-proficient cells, peroxynitrite reveals the promutagenic potential and triggers the covert nature of this DNA lesion.
On The Application Of Light Field Reconstruction For Statistical Object Recognition (1998)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Rhodes, Greece, 1998
Pediatric combined formulation DTaP–IPV/Hib vaccine (2009)

Combination vaccines have been used for many years in the USA as part of the primary infant immunization series. However, the current program still requires up to 24 injections by 18 months of age. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices in the USA recommends the use of combination vaccines whenever possible. A combination vaccine was recently licensed in the USA for the prevention of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio and Haemophilus influenzae type b (DTaP–IPV/Hib). This product has been used exclusively for childhood immunizations in Canada for the last decade and shown to be safe and effective as part of a primary infant series and toddler booster immunization program. This article summarizes the available safety, immunogenicity and effectiveness data of this combination vaccine and provides a brief review of future trends in combination vaccine use.
11.3Gb/s CMOS SONET-compliant transceiver for both RZ and NRZ applications (2011)

An 11.3Gb/s CMOS SONET-compliant transceiver is designed to work in both RZ and NRZ data formats. The TX driver exhibits 17ps rise/fall times, 0.25ps <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rms</sub> RJ, and 2ps <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">pp</sub> DJ. The RX has a multi-stage vertical threshold adjustment circuit. It achieves 5mV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">pp-diff</sub> RX input sensitivity with 0.54UI jitter tolerance. The transceiver core area occupies 1.36mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> in 65nm CMOS and consumes 214mW.