gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Volatile Compound Formation in White Wines Fermented Using Immobilized and Free Yeast (2001)

Using free yeast or yeast immobilized in double-layer Ca-alginate gel beads or strands, or single-layer beads or strands, white table wines were made from Koshu grape musts with initial pH between 2.80 and 3.70, containing 0 to 325 mg SO<sub>2</sub>/L and 477 to 2178 mg total phenols gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/L, at fermentation temperatures ranging from 10 to 40°C. Yeast cells immobilized in beads could be added to and removed from fermenting vessels more easily than those in strands and markedly more easily than free yeast cells. Yeast immobilized in double-layer beads produced the most visibly clear wine, with the least leakage of viable cells from the gel matrices into the wine at the end of the fermentation process. Double-layer bead-immobilized yeast was also more tolerant than free yeast of high SO<sub>2</sub> and phenol concentrations, low pH, and high fermentation temperature. Fermentations with both immobilized and free yeast were negligibly influenced by differences in the initial pH. Lower concentrations of undesirable volatile compounds, such as methyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, and acetaldehyde, were observed in wines made using yeast immobilized in double-layer beads than in wines produced with free yeast. Concentrations of major higher alcohols (aroma compounds) varied with the use of either immobilized or free yeast, the SO<sub>2</sub> concentration in the must, and the fermentation temperature.
Stereochemical Analysis of the Reaction Catalyzed by Yeast Protein Farnesyltransferase (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTStereochemical Analysis of the Reaction Catalyzed by Yeast Protein FarnesyltransferaseRebecca L. Edelstein, Valerie A. Weller, Mark D. Distefano, and Jay S. TungView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minnepolis, Minnesota 55455 Athena Neurosciences, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 16, 5298–5299Publication Date (Web):July 23, 1998Publication History Received23 February 1998Published online23 July 1998Published inissue 1 August 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo980304shttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo980304srapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views232Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Chemical synthesis,Molecular structure,Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,Peptides and proteins,Stereochemistry Get e-Alerts
Multipotent Capacity of Immortalized Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells (2011)

While the adult murine lung utilizes multiple compartmentally restricted progenitor cells during homeostasis and repair, much less is known about the progenitor cells from the human lung. Translating the murine stem cell model to humans is hindered by anatomical differences between species. Here we show that human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) display characteristics of multipotent stem cells of the lung. These HBECs express markers indicative of several epithelial types of the adult lung when experimentally tested in cell culture. When cultured in three different three-dimensional (3D) systems, subtle changes in the microenvironment result in unique responses including the ability of HBECs to differentiate into multiple central and peripheral lung cell types. These new findings indicate that the adult human lung contains a multipotent progenitor cell whose differentiation potential is primarily dictated by the microenvironment. The HBEC system is not only important in understanding mechanisms for specific cell lineage differentiation, but also for examining changes that correlate with human lung diseases including lung cancer.
Highly-accelerated first-pass cardiac perfusion MRI using compressed sensing and parallel imaging (2010)

Introduction Robust implementation of first-pass cardiac perfusion MRI for clinical use can be particularly challenging due to competing constraints of spatial and temporal resolution, and spatial coverage [1]. k-t SENSE [2] can be used to achieve high accelerations, but dynamic training data are required which reduces the effective acceleration rate. An alternative acceleration technique is compressed sensing (CS) [3], where spatial and temporal correlations result in sparsity of image series content, which may in turn be exploited to achieve high levels of undersampling without losing image information. We have recently presented the combination of compressed sensing and parallel imaging (JOCS: JOint-CS [4]) to increase the acceleration rate of CS alone. In this work, we demonstrate first-pass cardiac perfusion MRI with whole-heart coverage and high spatial and temporal resolution using the JOCS technique.
Comparison of two modulation techniques using frequency domain processing in interference limited home networks (2002)

Previous developments show an increasing interest for wireless in-house multimedia communication within the 2.4 GHz ISM-band. A disadvantage of the ISM-band is the high level of mainly narrowband interference, generated by other communication systems and by the leakage of microwave ovens. Good communication is therefore only possible when appropriate measures are taken to compensate for the interference. We compare the performance of two different modulation techniques in the presence of narrowband interference. We consider OFDM and single-carrier modulation with frequency domain processing. A static model of the Bluetooth system is used as source of interference. Both modulation techniques are interesting for in-house communication due to the simpler frequency domain equalization.
ChemInform Abstract: SULFIMIDE UND SULFOXIMINE 9. MITT. PYROLYSE VON N‐(P‐TOLUOLSULFONYL)‐SULFIMIDEN (1972)

Abstract Beim Erwärmen der Sulfimide (I) auf 130°C entstehen das Sulfenamid (II) und die Olefine (III) in hoher Ausbeute.
Application of smoothed Wigner distribution (WD) to speech signals (1986)

The WD is a powerful tool for the simultaneous time-frequency analysis of time-varying signals [Martin and Flandrin, IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process. ASSP-33 (Dec. 1985)]. For signals with simple time-frequency structures (e.g., frequency-modulated signals), the WD provides excellent resolution in the time-frequency (t − ω) plane, as compared with conventional short-time spectral analysis techniques. The interpretation of the WD becomes more difficult as the time-frequency relationship of the signal gets more complex (e.g., in speech), because of the presence of cross terms and of regions below (i.e., negative) the t − ω plane. This disadvantage can be overcome by smoothing the WD in the t and ω directions over a region TΩ &amp;gt; 1 (T and Ω are the “smear” values in time and frequency) [Janssen and Claasen, IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process. ASSP-33 (Aug. 1985)]. Such a smoothing process, however, makes the WD and the spectrogram equivalent in terms of the time and frequency resolutions. This presentation is directed towards comparing the performances of the WD (with partial smoothing, i.e., T &amp;lt; 1) and the spectrogram. Nonspeech signals as well as speech signals will be used to demonstrate the application of WD to the analysis of speech signals. [Work supported by NSERC, Canada.]
Discovering entailment relations using "textual entailment patterns" (2005)

In this work we investigate methods to enable the detection of a specific type of textual entailment (strict entailment), starting from the preliminary assumption that these relations are often clearly expressed in texts. Our method is a statistical approach based on what we call textual entailment patterns, prototypical sentences hiding entailment relations among two activities. We experimented the proposed method using the entailment relations of WordNet as test case and the web as corpus where to estimate the probabilities; obtained results will be shown.
microRNAs: Master Regulators as Potential Therapeutics in Cancer (2011)

It has been demonstrated that all the known processes involved in cancer, including apoptosis, proliferation, survival, and metastasis, are regulated by small regulatory noncoding RNAs consisting of approximately 19-25 nucleotides; these are named microRNAs (miRNAs). Both loss and gain of miRNA function contribute to cancer development through the upregulation and silencing, respectively, of different target genes. Experimental evidence indicates that the use of miRNA mimics or anti-microRNAs may represent a powerful therapeutic strategy to interfere with key molecular pathways involved in cancer. This review provides insights about how micro- RNAs act as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes and how these findings, along with our increasing understanding of miRNA regulation, can be applied to optimize recent miRNA-based technologies and make them suitable for clinical applications.
An alternative approach to FD-TD analysis of magnetized ferrites (2004)

This paper presents a new approach to the finite difference-time domain (FD-TD) analysis of magnetized ferrites. An equivalent lumped circuit of an FD-TD cell filled with such a medium is developed. Then the lumped circuit is used to propose a new FD-TD algorithm. This algorithm is verified on canonical examples and is shown to be simple, accurate, robust and computationally more effective than the previously published approaches.
A 200°C general purpose rail-to-rail complementary input class-AB operational amplifier for high temperature applications (2017)

This paper covers the design and testing of an operational amplifier (opamp) used in a high temperature signal conditioning unit for integration with temperature and strain gauge sensors. The opamp was designed and fabricated in a 1 μm CMOS Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) process and has been characterized up to 300°C. The measurement results at 200°C are showing a DC open-loop gain of 100dB, an offset voltage of 1mV, an input bias current of ±15pA, a common mode input range (CMIR) of [0-5]V and a unity gain frequency of 3.2MHz. The opamp has a size of 687μm × 218μm and draws a current of 550μA from a 5V supply. The opamp was used to design an instrumentation amplifier (IA) with a gain of 225 at 200°C.
Syringe Free Vaccination with CAF01 Adjuvated Ag85B-ESAT-6 in Bioneedles Provides Strong and Prolonged Protection Against Tuberculosis (2010)

Bioneedles are small hollow sugar based needles administered with a simple compressed air device. In the present study we investigate how incorporation of a subunit vaccine based on TB vaccine hybrid Ag85B-ESAT-6 adjuvated with CAF01 into Bioneedles affects its immunogenicity as well as its ability to protect against TB in a mouse model. The CMI response measured by IFN-γ and antigen specific CD4+ T-cells was, two weeks after the last vaccination, significantly lower in the group immunized with Bioneedle-incorporated vaccine compared to the conventional vaccine, using syringe and needle. However, at four, nine and 52 weeks after vaccination we observed similar high IFN-γ levels in the Bioneedle group and the group vaccinated using syringe and needle and comparable levels of antigen specific T-cells. Furthermore, the protective efficacy for the two vaccination methods was comparable and similar to BCG vaccination both six and 52 weeks after vaccination. These results therefore advocate the further development of the Bioneedle devises and applicators for the delivery of human vaccines.
ADAPTIVE LOGIC SYNTHESIS BY FERROELECTRIC SPIKING NEURON CIRCUITS (2008)

ABSTRACT This paper presents a complete formalism for adaptive logic synthesis using spiking neurons. The fundamental paradigm of the spiking neuron in discrete time is modified to create a taxonomy of all Boolean functions. The model is based in an extended version of the Integrate-and-Fire model using a Ferroelectric capacitors as basic units in the model. The realization of logic components such as flip flops, counters and shift registers synthesized with the Spiking FeNeuron are demonstrated. The library of logic functions allow for self-adaptive hardware synthesis and can be used for an automatic microcode generation.
Renal risks of sodium phosphate tablets for colonoscopy preparation: a review of adverse drug reactions reported to the US Food and Drug Administration (2011)

Renal adverse drug reactions from sodium phosphate tablets are more common in women with a mean body weight lower than the national average weight.
Answer Them All! Toward Universal Visual Question Answering Models (2019)

Visual Question Answering (VQA) research is split into two camps: the first focuses on VQA datasets that require natural image understanding and the second focuses on synthetic datasets that test reasoning. A good VQA algorithm should be capable of both, but only a few VQA algorithms are tested in this manner. We compare five state-of-the-art VQA algorithms across eight VQA datasets covering both domains. To make the comparison fair, all of the models are standardized as much as possible, e.g., they use the same visual features, answer vocabularies, etc. We find that methods do not generalize across the two domains. To address this problem, we propose a new VQA algorithm that rivals or exceeds the state-of-the-art for both domains.
Guest Editorial: IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters Special Cluster on Transformation Electromagnetics (2014)

The articles in this special section present current and emerging research performed in the transformation electromagnetics (TE) area by the antennas and propagation community. The special section presents the latest research on this subject, including new applications as well as details on the design, simulations, fabricated implementation, and measurements of a variety of innovative TE devices.
Targeting SWI/SNF ATPases in H3.3K27M diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (2023)

Diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) including diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs) bearing lysine-to-methionine mutations in histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27M) are lethal childhood brain cancers. These tumors harbor a global reduction in the transcriptional repressive mark H3K27me3 accompanied by an increase in the transcriptional activation mark H3K27ac. We postulated that H3K27M mutations, in addition to altering H3K27 modifications, reprogram the master chromatin remodeling switch/sucrose nonfermentable (SWI/SNF) complex. The SWI/SNF complex can exist in two main forms termed BAF and PBAF that play central roles in neurodevelopment and cancer. Moreover, BAF antagonizes PRC2, the main enzyme catalyzing H3K27me3. We demonstrate that H3K27M gliomas show increased protein levels of the SWI/SNF complex ATPase subunits SMARCA4 and SMARCA2, and the PBAF component PBRM1. Additionally, knockdown of mutant H3K27M lowered SMARCA4 protein levels. The proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) AU-15330 that simultaneously targets SMARCA4, SMARCA2, and PBRM1 for degradation exhibits cytotoxicity in H3.3K27M but not H3 wild-type cells. AU-15330 lowered chromatin accessibility measured by ATAC-Seq at nonpromoter regions and reduced global H3K27ac levels. Integrated analysis of gene expression, proteomics, and chromatin accessibility in AU-15330-treated cells demonstrated reduction in the levels of FOXO1, a key member of the forkhead family of transcription factors. Moreover, genetic or pharmacologic targeting of FOXO1 resulted in cell death in H3K27M cells. Overall, our results suggest that H3K27M up-regulates SMARCA4 levels and combined targeting of SWI/SNF ATPases in H3.3K27M can serve as a potent therapeutic strategy for these deadly childhood brain tumors.
Translational reprogramming following UVB irradiation is mediated by DNA-PKcs and allows selective recruitment to the polysomes of mRNAs encoding DNA repair enzymes (2009)

UVB-induced lesions in mammalian cellular DNA can, through the process of mutagenesis, lead to carcinogenesis. However, eukaryotic cells have evolved complex mechanisms of genomic surveillance and DNA damage repair to counteract the effects of UVB radiation. We show that following UVB DNA damage, there is an overall inhibition of protein synthesis and translational reprogramming. This reprogramming allows selective synthesis of DDR proteins, such as ERCC1, ERCC5, DDB1, XPA, XPD, and OGG1 and relies on upstream ORFs in the 5' untranslated region of these mRNAs. Experiments with DNA-PKcs-deficient cell lines and a specific DNA-PKcs inhibitor demonstrate that both the general repression of mRNA translation and the preferential translation of specific mRNAs depend on DNA-PKcs activity, and therefore our data establish a link between a key DNA damage signaling component and protein synthesis.
Digital holographic microscopy, a new imaging technology applied to biological cells and tissues (2006)

Digital holographic microscopy is a new imaging technique offering high resolution and real time observation capabilities. This new imaging approach is based on the coherent propagation of light in dielectric matter in general: biological objects in particular. The originality of our approach is to provide both a slightly modified microscope design, yielding digital holograms of microscopic objects and an interactive computer environment to easily reconstruct object shape from digital holograms at the nanoscale. Real time image reconstruction and rendering is henceforth possible, thus providing a new tool in the hands of nano-systems engineers and biologists. Direct imaging of cells and tissues structure. In vitro and possibly in vivo by the newly developed imaging technique is deemed to offer unique investigation means in biology and medicine
Supplementary Figure 6 from Adoptive Transfer of MART-1 T-Cell Receptor Transgenic Lymphocytes and Dendritic Cell Vaccination in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 64KB, Comparison of IL-17 production by F5-10 infused TCR transgenic cells stimulated with MART-1-pulsed K562 A2.1 cells with that of patients who did not develop pancytopenia.&lt;/p&gt;
Bacterial-Driven Inflammation and Mutant BRAF Expression Combine to Promote Murine Colon Tumorigenesis That Is Sensitive to Immune Checkpoint Therapy (2021)

Colorectal cancer is multifaceted, with subtypes defined by genetic, histologic, and immunologic features that are potentially influenced by inflammation, mutagens, and/or microbiota. Colorectal cancers with activating mutations in <i>BRAF</i> are associated with distinct clinical characteristics, although the pathogenesis is not well understood. The Wnt-driven multiple intestinal neoplasia (Min<sup>ApcΔ716/+</sup>) enterotoxigenic <i>Bacteroides fragilis</i> (ETBF) murine model is characterized by IL17-dependent, distal colon adenomas. Herein, we report that the addition of the <i>BRAF</i> <sup>V600E</sup> mutation to this model results in the emergence of a distinct locus of midcolon tumors. In ETBF-colonized <i>BRAF</i> <sup>V600E</sup> <i>Lgr5</i> <sup>Cre</sup>Min (BLM) mice, tumors have similarities to human <i>BRAF</i> <sup>V600E</sup> tumors, including histology, CpG island DNA hypermethylation, and immune signatures. In comparison to Min ETBF tumors, BLM ETBF tumors are infiltrated by CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells, express IFNγ signatures, and are sensitive to anti-PD-L1 treatment. These results provide direct evidence for critical roles of host genetic and microbiota interactions in colorectal cancer pathogenesis and sensitivity to immunotherapy. SIGNIFICANCE: Colorectal cancers with <i>BRAF</i> mutations have distinct characteristics. We present evidence of specific colorectal cancer gene-microbial interactions in which colonization with toxigenic bacteria drives tumorigenesis in <i>BRAF</i> <sup>V600E</sup> <i>Lgr5</i> <sup>Cre</sup>Min mice, wherein tumors phenocopy aspects of human <i>BRAF</i>-mutated tumors and have a distinct IFNγ-dominant immune microenvironment uniquely responsive to immune checkpoint blockade.<i>This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1601</i>.
Electrically control amplified spontaneous emission in colloidal quantum dots (2019)

Colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are highly promising materials for light amplification thanks to their efficient photoluminescence, tunable emission wavelength and low-cost synthesis. Unfortunately, CQDs are suffering from band-edge state degeneracy which demands multiple excitons to achieve population inversion. As a result, non-radiative Auger recombination increases the lasing threshold and limits the gain lifetime. Here, benefiting from the negative charging, we demonstrate that the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) threshold is controllable in a device where CQD film is exposed to an external electric field. Specifically, singly charged CQDs lower the threshold due to the preexisting electron in the conduction band, while strongly enhanced Auger recombination in doubly charged CQDs stymies the ASE. Experimental results and kinetic equation model show that ASE threshold reduces 10% even if our device only charges ~17% of the CQD population. Our results open new possibilities for controlling exciton recombination dynamics and achieving electrically pumped CQD lasers.
Twisted and frustrated states of matter (2012)

The World, and much of Nature that we see within it, experiences an environment of reduced symmetries. For example, living organisms are dependent on asymmetric or dissymmetric structures for their life processes. In the solid state, a large number of space groups are chiral. Conversely, in liquids, the effects of reduced symmetries are smeared out owing to the dynamical fluctuations of the constituent molecules, atoms or ions. Thus, on progressing from the strongly ordered solid to the amorphous liquid state, the effects of reduced symmetries weaken as the molecular or atomic correlations and penetration lengths fall. Between these two states of matter, the fourth state of organized fluids can be markedly affected by chirality, and over substantial length scales, owing to both the fluidity and partial ordering of the molecules. In effect, complex fluids can amplify the effects of chirality at the molecular level. Broken symmetries in self-organizing systems can lead to the formation of novel phases of matter and to the creation of structured liquids, and to the generation of nonlinear properties such as heli-, ferro-, ferri- and antiferro-electricity, and electroclinism, which can be harnessed in a wide range of applications including thermal sensors, imaging devices and information displays, to name but a few.