gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gene Expression Analysis of Ex Vivo Expanded and Freshly Isolated NK Cells From Cancer Patients (2010)

The infusion of natural killer (NK) cells is a promising therapy for patients with advanced malignancies. Clinical expanded NK-cell products were compared with freshly isolated NK cells. Autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected by apheresis from 8 patients. NK cells were isolated by anti-CD3-negative selection followed by anti-CD56-positive selection. They were then expanded by co-culture with interleukin-2 and an irradiated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed lymphoblastoid cell line (EBV-TM-LCL) to produce 14 NK-cell products. Molecular changes in the 14 NK-cell products were characterized using gene and microRNA expression microarrays. EBV-TM-LCL feeder cells from 3 lots were also analyzed as they were expanded for over 90 days and each lot was used for multiple NK-cell expansions. The gene expression profiles among the 3 EBV-TM-LCL lots used showed no differences and were not affected by their time in culture. Freshly isolated and expanded NK cells had distinct gene and microRNA expression profiles. Compared with fresh NK cells, expanded NK cells overexpressed 1098 genes and 28 human microRNAs. Genes in the crosstalk between dendritic and NK cells and metabolic pathways were up-regulated in expanded NK cells, whereas genes in a number of immune function pathways were down-regulated. Among all the most up-regulated genes were the NK cell-activating receptor natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor 3, myxovirus restistance 1, lymphotoxin β, and BCL2-associated X protein. Although some expanded NK-cell product variability was observed, perhaps related to patient factors, further studies on larger numbers of products will be needed to determine the impact of these differences on clinical outcomes.
Fiber-coupled non-descanned 4π detection with a commercial confocal microscope modified for multiphoton imaging (2003)

The extremely small (femtoliter) excitation volume of multiphoton (MP) microscopy renders all emitted photons useful in detecting fluorescence signals. Hence, multiphoton laser scanning microscopy (MPLSM) systems can collect fluorescence through the objective (<i>epi</i>-fluorescence), as well as the condenser (<i>trans</i>-fluorescence). For maximal collection efficiency, both optical paths can be used concurrently (4&#960; detection). Most MPLSM systems incorporate photodetectors directly in or adjacent to the <i>epi</i>- and <i>trans</i>-fluorescence optical paths of the microscope, generally photomultiplier tubes with associated optics. These arrangements are optically straightforward, but are often bulky and difficult to reconfigure. Here, we demonstrate that all fluorescence from the specimen can be efficiently coupled into two multimode optical fibers -- one each for the <i>epi</i>- and trans-fluorescence pathways. Fiber-coupled detection enables a modular detection paradigm where light can be routed to easily reconfigurable and interchangeable detection module(s). A novel MPLSM system was constructed, which is readily switched between the original de-scanned detection path for confocal microscopy, and the newly added pathways supporting fiber-coupled non-descanned 4&#960; detection for MP microscopy. Sample MP images of fluorescent beads and fluorescent-labeled hippocampal neurons are presented, demonstrating the viability of fiber-coupled detection.
Detecting local events using global sensing (2011)

In order to create low power, low latency and reliable sensing systems, we propose a sensing strategy that identifies local events by the means of global measurements. We claim that capturing events globally, although seems against intuition, can save energy by enabling the organization of effective searching queries. To enable this capability, sensor readings can be combined using electronic switches and therefore enable event detections in groups of sensors with single measurements. We demonstrate this sensing mechanism on a prototype keyboard system made from E-Textile pressure sensors.
Miniaturized 3D gas sensors based on silicon nanowires for ppb range detection (2016)

Here, we reported 3D devices implemented on silicon nanowires (SiNW) for chemical gas sensing, working at room temperature and in presence of moisture or interfering gas. This sensor combines for the first time high sensibility, selectivity, reversibility, low-power consumption and reliability in real condition. In addition the sensors are miniaturized and develop through a cost effective and large scale approach.
Nonlinear compensation techniques for magnetic suspension systems (1991)

In aerospace applications, magnetic suspension systems may be required to operate over large variations in air-gap. Thus the nonlinearities inherent in most types of suspensions have a significant effect. Specifically, large variations in operating point may make it difficult to design a linear controller which gives satisfactory stability and performance over a large range of operating points. One way to address this problem is through the use of nonlinear compensation techniques such as feedback linearization. Nonlinear compensators have received limited attention in the magnetic suspension literature. In recent years, progress has been made in the theory of nonlinear control systems, and in the sub-area of feedback linearization. The idea is demonstrated of feedback linearization using a second order suspension system. In the context of the second order suspension, sampling rate issues in the implementation of feedback linearization are examined through simulation.
Interaction of calicheamicin γ 1 I and its related carbohydrates with DNA–protein complexes (1999)

We report studies of the contribution of DNA structure, holding the sequence constant, to the affinity of calicheamicin gamma(1)(I) and its aryltetrasaccharide moiety for DNA. We used polynucleotide chains as models of known protein-binding sequences [the catabolite activator protein (CAP) consensus sequence, AP-1 and cAMP response element (CRE) sites] in their free and protein-bound forms. The proteins were selected to provide examples in which the minor-groove binding site for the carbohydrate is (CAP) or is not (GCN4) covered by the protein. Additionally, peptides related to the GCN4 and CREB families, which have different bending effects on their DNA-binding sites, were used. We observe that proteins of the CREB class, which induce a tendency to bend toward the minor groove at the center of the site, inhibit drug-cleavage sites located at the center of the free AP-1 or CRE DNA sites. In the case of GCN4, which does not induce DNA bending, there is no effect on calicheamicin cleavage of the CRE site, but we observe a GCN4-induced rearrangement of the cutting pattern in the AP-1 site. This effect may arise from either a subtle local conformational rearrangement not accompanied by bending or a localized reduction in DNA flexibility. Whereas GCN4 binding is not inhibited by the calicheamicin aryltetrasaccharide, binding of CAP to its DNA target is significantly inhibited, and calicheamicin cutting of DNA at the center of the CAP-DNA complex site is strongly reduced by protein binding. This result probably reflects steric inhibition of drug binding by the protein.
Post-Filtering Techniques For Directive Non-Stationary Source Combined With Stationary Noise Utilizing Spatial Spectral Processing (2006)

This paper investigates the problem of enhancing a desired speech source corrupted by a stationary noise. A beamformer structure is proposed which combines an adaptive constrained beamformer with a post-filtering technique. The adaptive constrained beamformer is designed to spatially enhance the desired source from the observed signal. After the adaptive constrained beamformer, a post-filter is employed to increase noise suppression capability. Experimental results in a real car situation show that the proposed structure achieves a good noise suppression level with a low distortion
Two-dimensional imaging of CF2 density by laser-induced fluorescence in CF4 etching plasmas in the gaseous electronics conference reference cell (1997)

Spatially resolved two-dimensional maps of the relative CF2 density in low-pressure radio-frequency Ar/CF4/O2 discharges generated within a parallel-plate Gaseous Electronics Conference reference cell have been obtained using planar laser-induced fluorescence imaging. The experiments cover a wide range of pressure, composition, flow rate, and power deposition conditions (13.3–133.3 Pa, 1%–100% CF4, 1%–10% O2, 5–100 sccm, 3–35 W). Typically, the centerline (r=0) axial CF2 distribution was symmetric with the local peak occurring near the center of the electrode gap, but, in all cases, significant radial variations in CF2 density were observed (14%–45% standard deviation from the mean) with the peak density occurring near the edge of the discharge region. Varying the pressure led to significant changes in both the magnitude and spatial distribution of CF2 density, while varying the composition, flow rate, and power primarily affected only the magnitude of the CF2 density, with only modest changes in the spatial distribution. Based on image-averaged comparisons, the CF2 density increased with power, pressure, and CF4 mole fraction, decreased with addition of oxygen, and varied nonmonotonically with flow rate.
Supplementary Table 1 from Intratumoral Induction of CD103 Triggers Tumor-Specific CTL Function and CCR5-Dependent T-Cell Retention (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from Intratumoral Induction of CD103 Triggers Tumor-Specific CTL Function and CCR5-Dependent T-Cell Retention
ChemInform Abstract: Regio‐ and Stereoselective Intermolecular Hydroalkoxylation of Alkynes Catalyzed by Cationic Gold(I) Complexes. (2010)

Abstract Cationic and highly acidic Au(I)—phosphine complexes (I) are selective catalysts for the intermolecular hydroalkoxylation of electron‐poor alkynes.
A practical coverage algorithm for intelligent robots with deadline situations (2010)

Coverage algorithm is one of the core technologies required for intelligent robots such as cleaning robots, harvesting robots, painting robots and lawn mowing robots. Although many smart coverage algorithms have been proposed, to the best of our knowledge, all of them make the same assumption that they have sufficient time to cover the entire target area. However, the time to completely cover the whole target area may not always be available. Therefore, in this paper, we propose another new coverage scheme, which we call the DmaxCoverage algorithm, that decides the coverage path by considering the deadline for coverage. This approach can be beneficial when the time for the coverage is not sufficient to cover the entire target area. Experimental results show that the DmaxCoverage algorithm outperforms previous algorithms for these situations.
Antibacterial Activity of Extracts Prepared from Tropical and Subtropical Plants on Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. (2002)

The antibacterial activity of the extracts prepared from 181 species (75 families) of tropical and subtropical plants was screened against various types of pathogenic bacteria. Among the 505 extracts tested, 53 of them inhibited the growth of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The active extracts obtained from barks of Shorea hemsleyana and roots of Cyphostemma bainessi were separated to their components, some of which greatly reduced the viable cell number of MRSA. These active compounds were all identified as stilbene derivatives. Hemsleyanol d, one of the stilbene tetramer isolated from S. hemsleyana, was the most effective compound and had MIC of 2 μg/ml.
Heterochronic parabiosis reprograms the mouse brain transcriptome by shifting aging signatures in multiple cell types (2023)

Aging is a complex process involving transcriptomic changes associated with deterioration across multiple tissues and organs, including the brain. Recent studies using heterochronic parabiosis have shown that various aspects of aging-associated decline are modifiable or even reversible. To better understand how this occurs, we performed single-cell transcriptomic profiling of young and old mouse brains after parabiosis. For each cell type, we cataloged alterations in gene expression, molecular pathways, transcriptional networks, ligand-receptor interactions and senescence status. Our analyses identified gene signatures, demonstrating that heterochronic parabiosis regulates several hallmarks of aging in a cell-type-specific manner. Brain endothelial cells were found to be especially malleable to this intervention, exhibiting dynamic transcriptional changes that affect vascular structure and function. These findings suggest new strategies for slowing deterioration and driving regeneration in the aging brain through approaches that do not rely on disease-specific mechanisms or actions of individual circulating factors.
Adoptive Transfer of Regulatory Immune Cells in Organ Transplantation (2021)

Chronic graft rejection remains a significant barrier to solid organ transplantation as a treatment for end-organ failure. Patients receiving organ transplants typically require systemic immunosuppression in the form of pharmacological immunosuppressants for the duration of their lives, leaving these patients vulnerable to opportunistic infections, malignancies, and other use-restricting side-effects. In recent years, a substantial amount of research has focused on the use of cell-based therapies for the induction of graft tolerance. Inducing or adoptively transferring regulatory cell types, including regulatory T cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and IL-10 secreting B cells, has the potential to produce graft-specific tolerance in transplant recipients. Significant progress has been made in the optimization of these cell-based therapeutic strategies as our understanding of their underlying mechanisms increases and new immunoengineering technologies become more widely available. Still, many questions remain to be answered regarding optimal cell types to use, appropriate dosage and timing, and adjuvant therapies. In this review, we summarize what is known about the cellular mechanisms that underly the current cell-based therapies being developed for the prevention of allograft rejection, the different strategies being explored to optimize these therapies, and all of the completed and ongoing clinical trials involving these therapies.
Dark-to-arc transition in field emission dominated atmospheric microdischarges (2015)

We study the voltage-current characteristics of gas discharges driven by field emission of electrons at the microscale. Particle-in-cell with Monte Carlo collision calculations are first verified by comparison with breakdown voltage measurements and then used to investigate atmospheric discharges in nitrogen at gaps from 1 to 10 μm. The results indicate the absence of the classical glow discharge regime because field electron emission replaces secondary electron emission as the discharge sustaining mechanism. Additionally, the onset of arcing is significantly delayed due to rarefied effects in electron transport. While field emission reduces the breakdown voltage, the power required to sustain an arc of the same density in microgaps is as much as 30% higher than at macroscale.
The role of acetylation in the mutagenicity of the antitumor agent, batracylin (1996)

The role of acetylation in the genotoxicity of the heterocyclic amine, batracylin, was evaluated in Salmonella typhimurium strains expressing various levels of N- and O-acetyltransferase activity. A significant correlation was observed between batracylin-induced mutagenicity and bacterial N-acetyltransferase activity. Strains with the greatest capacity for N-acetylating batracylin (YG 1012 and YG 1024) were the most sensitive to the mutagenic effects of the drug. The number of revertants/nmol batracylin and the formation of acetylbatracylin were approximately 50-fold greater in YG 1024 compared to TA 98 which expresses endogenous levels of N-acetyltransferase. A similar response was observed with strains YG 1012 and TA 1538. Strains (TA 98/1,8-DNP6 or TA 1538/1,8-DNP6) which lack the ability to N-acetylate batracylin were the least sensitive to the mutagenic effects of the drug. At 1 microgram/plate of batracylin, the number of revertants in TA 1538 and TA 98 was 4-fold higher than that observed in TA 1538/1,8-DNP6 and TA 98/1,8-DNP6. To determine if batracylin was a substrate for human N-acetyltransferases, assays were performed in bacteria expressing NAT1 or NAT2. Both strains were capable of N-acetylating batracylin. The strain expressing NAT2 (DJ 460) formed a significantly greater amount of acetylbatracylin, as well as batracylin-induced revertants, compared to the strain expressing NAT1 (DJ 400). These results demonstrate that the mutagenicity of batracylin is directly related to N-acetyltransferase activity. Data obtained in bacteria expressing either human NAT1 and NAT2 show that batracylin is capable of being bioactivated by both human enzymes. In addition, the higher enzyme activity and mutagenicity in bacteria expressing NAT2 suggests that batracylin is a substrate of this enzyme in humans.
Sotagliflozin Decreases Postprandial Glucose and Insulin Concentrations by Delaying Intestinal Glucose Absorption (2019)

Sotagliflozin delayed and blunted intestinal glucose absorption after meals, resulting in lower PPG and insulin levels, likely due to prolonged local inhibition of intestinal SGLT1 that persisted for ≥5 hours after dosing.
Prognostic impact of cancer-testis antigen expression in primary cutaneous melanoma (2009)

9004 Background: Cancer-testis antigens (CTAg) are epigenetically regulated molecules expressed in many cancers including melanoma. Although functional studies are limited, they are often immunogenic making them attractive targets for immunotherapy. In normal tissues expression is restricted to germ cells and a small range of other tissues such as trophoblast. Previous studies have shown that CTAg expression increases with disease progression. We investigated whether the expression of three CTAgs, against which vaccines have been developed, may have prognostic significance in early stage melanoma. Methods: 233 AJCC Stage II melanomas were analyzed for expression of MAGE-A1, MAGE-A4 and NY-ESO-1 by immunohistochemistry. The relationship between CTAg expression, clinico-pathological features and relapse free survival (RFS) from initial diagnosis were correlated. Mutivariate analysis using known prognostic factors and CT Ag expression in the model were used to calculate hazard ratios. Results: All three CTAg were significantly co-expressed with each other (P=0.0001). RFS was reduced if tumors expressed any of these CTAgs (CTAg+ve). Median RFS for patients with CTAg+ve tumors was 45m versus 72m for those with CTAg-ve tumors (P=0.008, logrank test). Univariate analysis demonstrated that the impact of CTAg expression on RFS was comparable in magnitude to ulceration, Breslow thickness and mitotic rate, currently accepted prognostic factors. Multivariate analysis demonstrated CTAg expression, ulceration and thickness but not mitotic rate were independently associated with poorer RFS ( Table ). Conclusions: CTAg expression in cutaneous primary melanoma has impact on prognosis comparable to Breslow thickness ulceration and mitotic rate. Further study into their function and the impact of clinical targeting is warranted. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Novel small molecule inhibitors of the Axl receptor tyrosine kinaseblock tumor growth (2007)

B230 The receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), Axl, is a novel therapeutic target for solid tumors. Axl is expressed in both neoplastic and stromal compartments and is associated with poor outcome in several human tumor types. Signaling via Axl drives proliferation, migration and invasion and protects cells from apoptosis. Genetic inhibition of Axl signaling both blocks tumor growth and suppresses angiogenesis in vivo. These data suggest that Axl inhibitors may suppress tumor growth via multiple mechanisms.  By high throughput screening of a diverse chemical library followed by an extensive structure activity relationship (SAR) study, we have identified small molecule inhibitors of Axl kinase which exhibit potent on-target activity in both cell-based and biochemical assays. The compounds fall into two classes: 1) those that potently block Axl and VEGFR2 signaling but are selective over other RTKs including EGFR and InsulinR, and 2) Axl-selective inhibitors. Both classes of compound inhibit the proliferation of sensitive tumor cell lines in vitro but lack potent generalized antiproliferative activity.  Rigel’s Axl inhibitors demonstrate favorable pharmacokinetic properties and are generally well tolerated. Our lead Axl / VEGFR2 inhibitor potently blocked bFGF-induced angiogenesis in a corneal micropocket assay (p
Compact frequency-tunable antenna with a GaAs switch for mobile handset (2013)

A novel compact tunable antenna for a mobile handset is proposed. The antenna occupies small 50 × 10 × 2 mm volume and covers 800 MHz, 1.7–2 GHz, and 1.5 GHz bands. The antenna is composed of a monopole element for 800 MHz and a skeleton antenna for 1.5 GHz and 1.7–2.1 GHz that cuts the inside of the planar antenna. Proposed antenna size is the same as a conventional antenna designed for 800MHz and 1.72.1GHz operation despite of the additional 1.5 GHz frequency band. The proposed antenna has achieved −6dB return loss at 800 MHz, 1.5 GHz, and 1.7–2.1 GHz bands. The total efficiency at the middle band is less than −3dB. We have clarified the mechanism of the decreased efficiency at the 1.5 GHz band and realized an efficiency improvement by utilizing a reflection-type RF switch instead of an absorption-type switch.
Millimeter-Wave Chip Set for 77-81 GHz Automotive Radar Application (2011)

International audience
Fingerprinting-Based Indoor Localization with Commercial mmWave WiFi - Part II: Spatial Beam SNRs (2019)

Existing fingerprint-based indoor localization uses either fine-grained channel state information (CSI) from the physical layer or coarse-grained received signal strength indicator (RSSI) measurements from the MAC layer. In this paper, we propose to use an intermediate channel measurement - spatial beam signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) that are inherently available during the beam training phase as defined in the IEEE 802.11ad standard - to construct the feature space for location-and-orientation-dependent fingerprinting database. We build a 60GHz experimental platform consisting of three access points and one client using commercial-off-the-shelf routers and collect realworld beam SNR measurements in an office environment during regular office hours. Both position/orientation classification and coordinate estimation are considered using classic machine learning approaches. Comprehensive performance evaluation using real-world beam SNRs demonstrates that the classification accuracy is 99.8% if the location is only interested, while the accuracy is 98.6% for simultaneous position-and-orientations classification. Direct coordinate estimation gives an average root-mean-square error of 17.52 cm and 95% of all coordinate estimates are less than 26.90 cm away from corresponding true locations. This concept directly applies to other mmWave band (e.g., 5G) devices where beam training is also required.