gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Capture and visualization of live Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli from tuberculosis patient bioaerosols (2021)

Interrupting transmission is an attractive anti-tuberculosis (TB) strategy but it remains underexplored owing to our poor understanding of the events surrounding transfer of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) between hosts. Determining when live, infectious Mtb bacilli are released and by whom has proven especially challenging. Consequently, transmission chains are inferred only retrospectively, when new cases are diagnosed. This process, which relies on molecular analyses of Mtb isolates for epidemiological fingerprinting, is confounded by the prolonged infectious period of TB and the potential for transmission from transient exposures. We developed a Respiratory Aerosol Sampling Chamber (RASC) equipped with high-efficiency filtration and sampling technologies for liquid-capture of all particulate matter (including Mtb) released during respiration and non-induced cough. Combining the mycobacterial cell wall probe, DMN-trehalose, with fluorescence microscopy of RASC-captured bioaerosols, we detected and quantified putative live Mtb bacilli in bioaerosol samples arrayed in nanowell devices. The RASC enabled non-invasive capture and isolation of viable Mtb from bioaerosol within 24 hours of collection. A median 14 live Mtb bacilli (range 0-36) were isolated in single-cell format from 90% of confirmed TB patients following 60 minutes bioaerosol sampling. This represented a significant increase over previous estimates of transmission potential, implying that many more organisms might be released daily than commonly assumed. Moreover, variations in DMN-trehalose incorporation profiles suggested metabolic heterogeneity in aerosolized Mtb. Finally, preliminary analyses indicated the capacity for serial image capture and analysis of nanowell-arrayed bacilli for periods extending into weeks. These observations support the application of this technology to longstanding questions in TB transmission including the propensity for asymptomatic transmission, the impact of TB treatment on Mtb bioaerosol release, and the physiological state of aerosolized bacilli.
Extracorporeal therapies in acute rhabdomyolysis and myoglobin clearance. (2005)

Rhabdomyolysis is a pathogenetic cause of acute kidney injury. In such circumstances, not only should therapeutic strategies to replace the failing kidney be implemented, but measures should also be explored to prevent further damage by circulating myoglobin. Volume expansion and forced diuresis have been used, but when a kidney fails, renal replacement therapies are instituted. The techniques and devices used for classic dialytic techniques have displayed a limited capacity for the removal of circulating myoglobin. In a recent paper, Naka and colleagues have proposed the use of a super-high-flux membrane in continuous hemofiltration. The removal of myoglobin was greater than in than any previous report. Thus, if the removal of myoglobin is desirable, a combination of continuous hemofiltration and hyperpermeable membranes seems to be the most effective. However, care must be exercised to prevent unwanted albumin losses.
La responsabilidad social y medioambiental como activos estratégicos y facilitadores de la innovación docente universitaria (EEES). Innovación Jurídica y Emprendimiento Responsable (2018)

Este proyecto se focaliza en significar el valor y la funcionalidad de la Responsabilidad Social y Medioambiental como activo (integrador y estrategico) que posibilita la mejora de la calidad y la innovacion docente, asi mismo, analiza e ilustra sobre modelos facilitadores del aprendizaje, aproximando el conocimiento sobre esta tematica, completando la formacion y el desarrollo de las capacidades de los alumnos (futuros profesionales mas cualificados y/o emprendedores mas responsables), todo ello en el marco de los actuales programas de ensenanza superior (grados y postgrados) y conforme a cumplir los retos del EEES.
Designing optimal parallel volume rendering algorithms (1993)

Volume rendering is a method for visualizing volumes of sampled data such as CT, MRI, and finite element simulations. Visualization of medical and simulation data improves understanding and interpretation, but volume rendering is expensive and each frame takes from minutes to hours to calculate. Parallel computers provide the potential for interactive volume rendering, but parallel algorithms have not matched sequential algorithm's features, nor have they provided the speedup possible.
I introduce a methodology to control the complexity in designing parallel algorithms, and apply this methodology to volume rendering. The result is parallel algorithms with all of the features of sequential ones that deliver the promise of parallelism. My algorithms are sufficiently general to run on single instruction multiple data (SIMD) computers and multiple instruction multiple data (MIMD) computers. Through complexity analysis and performance measurements I show that volume rendering is ideally parallelizeable with linear speedup and low memory overhead.
Verifying cryptographic protocols by Tamarin Prover (2020)

Cryptographic protocols are utilized for establishing a secure session between “honest” agents which communicate strictly according to the protocol rules as well as for ensuring the authenticated and confidential transmission of messages. The specification of a cryptographic protocol is usually presented as a set of requirements for the sequences of transmitted messages including the format of such messages. Note that protocol can describe several execution scenarios. All these requirements lead to a huge formal specification for a real cryptographic protocol and therefore, it is difficult to verify the security of the whole cryptographic protocol at once. In this paper, to overcome this problem, we suggest verifying the protocol security for its fragments. Namely, we verify the security properties for a special set of so-called traces of the cryptographic protocol. Intuitively, a trace of the cryptographic protocol is a sequence of computations, value checks, and transmissions on the sides of “honest” agents permitted by the protocol. In order to choose such set of traces, we introduce an Adversary model and the notion of a similarity relation for traces. We then verify the security properties of selected traces with Tamarin Prover. Experimental results for the EAP and Noise protocols clearly show that this approach can be promising for automatic verification of large protocols.
New statistical post processing approach for precise fault and defect localization in TRI database acquired on complex VLSI (2013)

Timing issue, missing or extra state transitions or unusual consumption can be detected and localized by Time Resolved Imaging (TRI) database analysis. Although, long test pattern can challenge this process. The number of photons to process rapidly increases and the acquisition time to have a good signal over noise ratio (SNR) can be prohibitive. As a result, the tracking of the defect emission signature inside a huge database can be quite complicated. In this paper, a method based on data mining techniques is suggested to help the TRI end user to have a good idea about where to start a deeper analysis of the integrated circuit, even with such complex databases.
Front Matter: Volume 10107 (2017)

This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 10107, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, Introduction (if any), and Conference Committee listing.
Fabrication of wafer-scale polystyrene photonic crystal multilayers via the layer-by-layer scooping transfer technique (2011)

This paper reports on a simple synthetic method for fabricating a wafer-scale colloidal crystal film of 2D crystals in a 1D stack based on a combination of two simple processes: the self-assembly of polystyrene (PS) nanospheres at the water–air interface and the layer-by-layer (LbL) scooping transfer technique. This method can routinely fabricate photonic crystal (PhC) multilayers over 4 inch diameter wafers with a controllable number of layers and vertically crack-free over wafer-scale area. We investigate the optical and morphological properties of the PhC multilayers fabricated using various mono-sized colloidal crystals (250, 300, 350, 420, 580, 720, and 850 nm), and mixed binary colloidal crystals (300/350 and 250/350 nm).
Minimum Power Architecture of Relay-Based Network with Bandwidth and Hop-Count Constraints (2011)

Energy bills are on the rise and with the recent attention to saving the global environment. Saving energy (minimizing energy consumption) is becoming a standard issue for all industrial and commercial applications. Moreover, provisioning of quality of service (QoS) for multimedia traffic in wireless networks is complicated due to user mobility and limited wireless resources. Bandwidth (throughput) and hop count and are the important parameters in QoS requirements. In this article, a novel QoS constrained minimum power cellular ad hoc augmented network (QCMP CAHAN) architecture is proposed for next generation wireless networks. The QCMP CAHAN architecture is proposed to find the optimal minimum power route under bandwidth and hop-count constraints (QoS constraints). The QCMP CAHAN has a hybrid architecture, in which each mobile terminal (MT) of CDMA cellular networks has ad hoc communication capability. The QCMP CAHAN is an evolutionary approach to traditional cellular networks. We show that the total energy consumed by the MTs is lower in the case of QCMP CAHAN than in the case of traditional cellular networks. As the ad hoc communication range of each MT increases, the total transmitted energy in QCMP CAHAN decreases. However, due to the increased number of hops involved in information delivery between source and destination, the end-to-end delay increases. The maximum end-to-end hop count will be limited to a specified tolerable value, and QCMP CAHAN has ability to adapt to various hop-count constraints for different services. A MT in QCMP CAHAN will not relay any message when its ad hoc communication range is zero, and if this is the case for all MTs, then QCMP CAHAN reduces to the traditional cellular networks. Moreover, the bandwidth constrained problem in QCMP CAHAN is described as a nonlinear programming problem to minimize the total power consumption. We solved the bandwidth constrained problem in QCMP CAHAN by allocating optimum traffic rates on different routes between source and destination.
Statistically tailored binary sequence for improvederror rate measurements in 256 QAM digital radio (1994)

The authors address considerations of repeatability and accuracy in the measurement of BER on a 256 QAM digital radio system. When viewed in terms of state occupancies and vector transition magnitudes, pseudorandom binary sequences (PRBSs) only weakly exercise the sequences of state occupancies and transition magnitudes that statistically characterise an infinite random QAM payload. This is further aggravated if the mapping of bits into QAM symbols is static in each PRBS repetition. We have synthesised and tested a binary sequence which better imitates the statistics of an infinite random sequence in the vector symbol space. In simulation trials, the new test sequence more closely predicts the BER obtained with a much longer nonrepeating random pattern.
A precise measurement of the $$B^0$$ B 0 meson oscillation frequency (2016)

The oscillation frequency, [Formula: see text], of [Formula: see text] mesons is measured using semileptonic decays with a [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] meson in the final state. The data sample corresponds to 3.0[Formula: see text] of <i>pp</i> collisions, collected by the LHCb experiment at centre-of-mass energies [Formula: see text] = 7 and 8[Formula: see text]. A combination of the two decay modes gives [Formula: see text], where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. This is the most precise single measurement of this parameter. It is consistent with the current world average and has similar precision.
Temperature Change from Oscillating Bubbles within a Capillary Network Induced by Focused Ultrasound (2011)

High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is an emerging therapeutic method. Micro‐bubble contrast agents are often injected into patients to enhance the effects of therapeutic HIFU. An oscillating micro‐bubble acts as a heat source that transfers heat to its surrounding tissue. The objectives of this research are to determine the temperature distribution due to bubble oscillation in a microscopic rat brain capillary network. The Navier‐Stokes equations and bio‐heat equation were used to simulate bubble dynamics and heat transfer. It can be seen from the simulation results that the temperature change from bubbles in flexible vessels was greater than the change from bubbles in rigid vessels, when 1000 bubbles were exposed to an ultrasonic pressure of 0.2 MPa and at a frequency of 1 MHz. For flexible vessels, 55% of the network experienced a minimum of 1 °C of heating. For rigid vessels, only 10% of the network met this threshold. Few tissues experienced a temperature greater than 3 °C in rigid vessels, but still 10% flexible vessels over this threshold.
Novel high refractive index fluids for 193nm immersion lithography (2006)

Despite the early skepticism towards the use of 193-nm immersion lithography as the next step in satisfying Moore's law, it continuous to meet expectations on its feasibility in achieving 65-nm nodes and possibly beyond. And with implementation underway, interest in extending its capability for smaller pattern sizes such as the 32-nm node continues to grow. In this paper, we will discuss the optical, physical and lithographic properties of newly developed high index fluids of low absorption coefficient, 'Babylon' and 'Delphi'. As evaluated in a spectroscopic ellipsometer in the 193.39nm wavelength, the 'Babylon' and 'Delphi' high index fluids were evaluated to have a refractive index of 1.64 and 1.63 with an absorption coefficient of 0.05/cm and 0.08/cm, respectively. Lithographic evaluation results using a 193-nm 2-beam interferometric exposure tool show the imaging capability of both high index fluids to be 32-nm half pitch lines and spaces.
Wide-range three-dimensional reciprocal-space mapping: a novel approach applied to organic monodomain thin films (2007)

An X-ray method is presented to characterize thin films with unknown crystal structure with specific crystal orientations. The method maps large volumes of the reciprocal space by a series of pole-figure measurements using a standard texture goniometer. The data can be used for lattice indexing and texture evaluation and in subsequent steps for a complete structural thin-film characterization. The application of the method is demonstrated on an organic monodomain thin film consisting of uniaxially aligned crystallites.
시뮬레이션에 의한 금속게이트 FD-SOI 와 MuGFET의 불소 이온 주입효과 (2007)

Fluorine (F) implantation creates negative charges at the Si/SiO₂ interface in FDSOI transistors[1]. This paper describes simulation of the influence of F Implant on Threshold Voltage(V th ) for Metal Gate FDSOI and MuGFETs using FEMLAB ⓡ The origin of the large V th shift observed in planar FDSOI due to is the creation of negative charge states in the BOX by the F implant. F implant is a suitable approach for planar FDSOI SoC integration with single work function (WF) metal gate, but NOT for MuGFETs.
Plasma source ion implantation process for corrosion protection of 6061 aluminum (1995)

Summary form only given, as follows. Describes results of an investigation of the feasibility of using nitrogen plasma source ion implantation (PSII) treatment to improve corrosion resistance of 6061 aluminum to salt water. Flat Al samples were implanted with various doses of nitrogen. The peak target potential was -30 kV and various pulse repetition frequencies and pulse lengths were investigated. Irregular, pre-machined commercial components (threaded connectors) were also implanted at the same target potential with a dose of 7/spl times/10/sup 16/ ions/cm/sup 2/. Both RF induction and tungsten filament sources were used to generate the plasma. The surface microstructures and profiles of Al and N in the flat samples were examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning Auger microprobe, X-ray diffraction. Corrosion properties of the samples and the components were evaluated using both a 500 hour salt spray field test and a laboratory electrochemical corrosion system. The tested samples were then analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Corrosion measurements have demonstrated that PSII can significantly improve the pitting resistance of 6061 aluminum. By correlating the analytical results with the corrosion test results, it has been verified that the improved corrosion resistance in PSII-treated coupons is due to the formation of a continuous AlN layer. It was also identified that the formation of a continuous AlN layer is mainly determined by the bias voltage and the total integrated implantation dose, and relatively insensitive to factors such as the plasma source, pulse length, or frequency.
Blue emitting iridium complexes: synthesis, photophysics and phosphorescent devices (2006)

Homoleptic Ir(Fnppy)3 and heteroleptic (Fnppy)2Ir(acac) complexes (n = 3: F3ppy = 2-(3′,4′,6′-trifluorophenyl)pyridine; n = 4: F4ppy = 2-(3′,4′,5′,6′-tetrafluorophenyl)pyridine; acac = acetylacetonate) have been synthesized and their spectroscopic properties investigated. The homoleptic complexes exist as two stereoisomers, facial (fac) and meridional (mer), that have been isolated and fully characterized. Their electrochemical and photophysical properties have been studied both in solution and in the solid state and electroluminescent devices have been fabricated. The emissive layers in devices have been obtained mixing the iridium complexes with a PVK [poly(9-vinylcarbazole)] host matrix, in the presence of the electron carrier Bu-PBD [2-(4-biphenylyl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole]. The application of a voltage (5.0–6.5 V) between the electrodes of devices leads to electro-generated blue luminescence which has similar energy to the solution emissions. Interestingly, the stability of the devices made with the homoleptic fluorinated iridium complexes strongly depends on the stereochemistry of these phosphors and high (up to 5.5%) external quantum efficiencies for the fac complexes are measured.
[Spectroscopic characterization indicator of landfill in the process of stabilizing]. (2009)

In the present study, dissolved organic matter (DOM) extracted from landfill of four different ages was studied with fluorescence and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy in order to explore the possibility of using spectral characteristic changes of DOM as stabilization indicators for landfill. The three-dimensional fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy (EEM) displayed that DOM of 0-year-old contained mainly protein-like matter, while DOM extracted from 1, 5 and 10-year-old consisted chiefly of humic matter-like substance, and the intensity change of DOM of 1, 5 and 10-year-old landfill was disordered. Besides, the fluorescence spectroscopy also showed that the r(A,C) value and the fluorescence index f(450/500) of DOM of four different years both decreased with landfill age, which indicated that the low molecular weight fraction of DOM was translated into the high molecular aromatic matter and the degree of humification was enhanced with the time increasing. In addition, the specific ultraviolet-visible absorbance (SUVA) increased with landfill age, which also revealed the law that the degree of humification strengthened with the time increasing, but the change regularity of E4/E6 value of DOM was unconspicuous since the E4/E6 value was easily impacted by some other factors. Therefore, the r(A,C) value, the fluorescence index f(450/500) and the SUVA value of DOM extracted from aged refuse reflected effectively the law of how landfill changed, and could be employed as simple stabilization indicators for aged refuse and closed landfill compartments.
Supplementary Movie 3 from Loss-of-Function Mutations in TRAF7 and KLF4 Cooperatively Activate RAS-Like GTPase Signaling and Promote Meningioma Development (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Movie 3&lt;/p&gt;
X-ray laser diffraction for structure determination of the rhodopsin-arrestin complex (2016)

Serial femtosecond X-ray crystallography (SFX) using an X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) is a recent advancement in structural biology for solving crystal structures of challenging membrane proteins, including G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), which often only produce microcrystals. An XFEL delivers highly intense X-ray pulses of femtosecond duration short enough to enable the collection of single diffraction images before significant radiation damage to crystals sets in. Here we report the deposition of the XFEL data and provide further details on crystallization, XFEL data collection and analysis, structure determination, and the validation of the structural model. The rhodopsin-arrestin crystal structure solved with SFX represents the first near-atomic resolution structure of a GPCR-arrestin complex, provides structural insights into understanding of arrestin-mediated GPCR signaling, and demonstrates the great potential of this SFX-XFEL technology for accelerating crystal structure determination of challenging proteins and protein complexes.
Development and evaluation of a rapid, simple, sensitive, monoclonal antibody-based co-agglutination test for direct detection ofVibrio cholerae01 (1992)

Cholera epidemics caused by Vibrio cholerae 01 continue to represent a major public health concern in many developing countries. A rapid and simple test kit for the detection of V. cholerae 01 has been developed. The kit, CholeraScreen is a monoclonal antibody-based, co-agglutination test and is used directly with stool specimens. It does not include culturing the specimen and is performed without the need for sophisticated laboratory equipment. Specificity of the test was demonstrated, using 118 reference cultures, to which cross-reactions were not observed. Preliminary results of field trials carried out in Guatemala and Bangladesh demonstrated that the test is equally sensitive as conventional culture methods in detecting V. cholerae and, in many cases, more sensitive. The CholeraScreen test is simple, specific, and does not require culturing procedures, making it suitable for direct detection of cells of V. cholerae in clinical specimens, even in the field. Also, the test requires less than five minutes to complete.