gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modeling of neuronal networks through experimental decomposition (2002)

The studies reviewed experimental procedures which attempted to eliminate anatomical connections between dentate granule cells and progressively increasing numbers of other populations of cells belonging to the hippocampus. The objectives were to identify response dynamics intrinsic to dentate granule cells and to determine, at least qualitatively, the extent to which those intrinsic dynamics are modified by other populations of hippocampal neurons normally interconnected with granule cells. Nonlinear response characteristics of granule cells, when examined in relative isolation, were qualitatively different from nonlinearities expressed by the same population of neurons when interacting with other elements of the hippocampal system. This indicates that the influence of the network on functional characteristics of one of its elements can be substantial. It is also found that the use of relatively standard procedures for preparing in vitro slices of central nervous system tissue may allow a close approximation of open-loop conditions for major cell populations of mammalian neural systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: Olefins from Aldehydes (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Elucidating mechanisms of solvent toxicity in ethanologenic Escherichia coli (2010)

Ethanol toxicity and its effect on ethanol production by the recombinant ethanologenic Escherichia coli strain KO11 were investigated in batch and continuous fermentation. During batch growth, ethanol produced by KO11 reduced both the specific cell growth rate (micro) and the cell yield (Y(X/S)). The extent of inhibition increased with the production of both acetate and lactate. Subsequent accumulation of these metabolites and ethanol resulted in cessation of cell growth, redirection of metabolism to reduce ethanol production, and increased requirements for cell maintenance. These effects were found to depend on both the glycolytic flux and the flux from pyruvate to ethanol. Pyruvate decarboxylase (Pdc) and alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) activities measured during the batch fermentation suggested that decreased ethanol production resulted from enzyme inhibition rather than down-regulation of genes in the ethanol-producing pathway. Ethanol was added in continuous fermentation to provide an ethanol concentration of either 17 or 27 g/L, triggering sustained oscillations in the cell growth rate. Cell concentrations oscillated in-phase with ethanol and acetate concentrations. The amplitude of oscillations depended on the concentration of ethanol in the fermentor. Through multiple oscillatory cycles, the yield (Y(P/S)) and concentration of ethanol decreased, while production of acetate increased. These results suggest that KO11 favorably adapted to improve growth by synthesizing more ATP though acetate production, and recycling NADH by producing more lactate and less ethanol. Implications of these results for strategies to improve ethanol production are described.
DEVELOPING A PRICE MANAGEMENT DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR HOTEL BROKERS USING FREE AND OPEN SOURCE TOOLS (2011)

Abstract: In the Internet age, e-commerce provides customers global reach to a wide variety of products and plays a dominant role in business activity and competition. Competition is especially aggressive in the online travel domain where wholesalers, e.g. brokerage companies, contract through their contract managers with thou-sands of hotel brands and trade hotel products (usually hotel nights) for travel businesses or end customers. In order to conclude a profitable contract, a contract manager should be able to compare all the particulars of the prospective partner hotel with those of the competing hotels in the target city. Given that the number of contract managers is comparatively small compared to the large number of hotels, the possible knowledge base is limited. Thus, the hotel brokerage companies are only able to bargain with a relatively limited number of hotels, and the contract profitability relies heavily on the contract managers ’ expertise and communication skills. In this paper we present a price management decision support system (DSS) for hotel brokers that allows analysis of hotel prices using spatial and non-spatial characteristics, estimation of the objective relative hotel prices, and determination of the profitability of the existing or future contracts. We built our system using free and open source tools including geographic information system and data mining frameworks that allow companies with limited money resources or manpower to implement such a prototype. We show the ef-fectiveness of our tool by covering all the major components of the DSS such as data selection and integration, model management and user interface. We demonstrate our tool on the area of Barcelona, Spain using a real data of 168 hotels provided by one of the travel service providers. 1
Surface states in two-dimensional metallodielectric photonic crystals studied by a multiple-scattering method (2001)

We present a multiple-scattering method in conjunction with supercell calculations to study the electromagnetic surface states in two-dimensional metallodielectric photonic crystals. In the case of dielectric photonic crystals with cylindrical scatterers, this method is able to produce surface states inside a partial or full gap for p-polarized waves, similar to those found previously by using the method of plane-wave expansion. However, in two different systems of metallodielectric photonic crystals we have studied here, we do not find surface states. This is true for both perfect metal and metal with a Drude-like dielectric function. The absence of surface states may be attributed to the expulsion of electric field from the surface into the homogeneous medium due to the presence of metallic component, making the formation of surface unfavorable.
Ship Propulsion Self-Excited Torsional Vibration (2011)

Self-excited vibration is demonstrated in many common day events, for example, wheel-castor shimmy or a traffic sign twisting in a steady strong wind [1]. Another example, blade flutter, is well known in the gas turbine community. The affected system will typically oscillate at its natural frequency. When applied to propulsion shafting, the phenomenon produces significant levels of alternating torque that negatively affects the reliability of the drivetrain hardware. Starting with basic principles, this paper examines the conditions that can lead to self-excited torsional vibration. A screening parameter is developed that can be used to evaluate the potential for system instability. System stability mapping results are presented showing the effect of basic input parameters such as inertia, stiffness, and damping. The potential for self-excited torsional vibration is discussed in the context of recent trends in marine gas turbine propulsion (e.g. lightweight propulsors). Finally, countermeasures using the engine control system are outlined.
Optimization and Implementation of a Viterbi Decoder Under Flexibility Constraints (2008)

This paper discusses the impact of flexibility when designing a Viterbi decoder for both convolutional and TCM codes. Different trade-offs have to be considered in choosing the right architecture for the processing blocks and the resulting hardware penalty is evaluated. We study the impact of symbol quantization that degrades performance and affects the wordlength of the rate-flexible trellis datapath. A radix-2-based architecture for this datapath relaxes the hardware requirements on the branch metric and survivor path blocks substantially. The cost of flexibility in terms of cell area and power consumption is explored by an investigation of synthesized designs that provide different transmission rates. Two designs are fabricated in a digital 0.13-mum CMOS process. Based on post-layout simulations, a symbol baud rate of 168 Mbaud/s is achieved in TCM mode, equivalent to a maximum throughput of 840 Mbit/s using a 64-QAM constellation.
Lymphoproliferative diseases in immunocompromised hosts: the role of Epstein-Barr virus. (1987)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous transforming virus of the herpes group showing tropism for B lymphocytes. Primary infection in normal hosts results in a transient lymphoproliferative disorder, acute infectious mononucleosis (IM), that is restricted by cytotoxic and suppressive lymphocytes. However, in the immunodeficient host, EBV-induced lymphoproliferation may behave in a biologically malignant fashion. Patients with primary immunodeficiencies and those with immune incompetence resulting from suppressive therapy in allograft transplantation or infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have EBV-related illness ranging from fulminant mononucleosis and invasive polyclonal B cell hyperplasia to monoclonal B cell malignancies. While the direct link between EBV and malignant B cell proliferation in these patients has not been elucidated, the association has been increasingly recognized with improved techniques of viral detection. Clinical management can be guided by the location and extent of tumor, histologic features, and clonality. Regional and node-based polyclonal proliferations may respond to prompt reduction of immunosuppressive therapy and efforts to interrupt the replicative cycle with antiviral agents. Systemic cytotoxic therapy often leads to further immunosuppression and should be reserved for patients with progressive disease, advanced visceral involvement, and monoclonal lymphoid malignancies.
Abstract 2068: Development of a rational triple combination therapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer (2017)

Abstract Background The androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway drives prostate cancer development and progression, making it a major target for drug development. However, resistance to AR targeted therapies invariably develops and eventually leads to an aggressive, castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Although CRPC often remains dependent on AR signaling, anti-androgen therapies can lead to the development of AR independent disease and metastatic CRPC. Understanding the molecular basis of this transition and resistance to current anti-androgen therapy will provide important insight and reveal novel therapeutic strategies for both AR-positive and -negative disease pathways. Methods and Results We analyzed in silico data of AR (signaling)-positive or -negative human CRPC tissue samples and discovered that MET expression is specifically increased only in AR-negative CRPC samples. When AR-positive CRPC models are subjected to AR signaling inhibition (by the AR antagonist enzalutamide or androgen deprivation), MET is increased and susceptible to activation by its ligand HGF. Therefore, we postulate that dual targeting of AR and MET signaling pathways may be a better approach to prevent and overcome resistance-related disease progression. Our preliminary AR ChIP-seq data suggested that MET transcription is not affected by AR directly rather, MET protein is modulated by AR signaling at the post-translational level. Therefore, we hypothesize that a combination therapy of a proteasome inhibitor and MET inhibitor may have potential therapeutic benefit for some CRPC patients. By using in vitro and in vivo models of AR-dependent CRPC, we have showed that combination of the dual MET/VEGFR2 inhibitor cabozantinib and enzalutamide treatment is more efficacious than either inhibitor alone. In addition, Bortezomib, an FDA-approved proteasome inhibitor, showed significant synergistic effect when paired with cabozantinib in our preliminary data using in vitro and in vivo CRPC models. In vitro results suggest that triple combination of anti-androgen, MET inhibitor and proteasome inhibitor therapies will maximize inhibition in CRPC. Conclusion MET is a compensatory survival pathway in AR+ CRPC upon anti-androgen therapy. The rational for triple combination of anti-androgen, MET inhibitor and proteasome inhibitor therapies is a feasible approach to maximize inhibition in CRPC while minimizing development of drug resistance to any single agent. Citation Format: Yuanyuan Qiao, Todd M. Morgan, Arul M. Chinnaiyan. Development of a rational triple combination therapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2068. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-2068
Nef Alleles from Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-InfectedLong-Term-Nonprogressor Hemophiliacs with or without Late Disease Progression Are Defective in Enhancing Virus Replication and CD4 Down-Regulation (2006)

Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-encoding defective nef variants may contribute to a relatively benign course of disease in a minority of long-term nonprogressors (LTNP). We have examined the functions of nef alleles from six individuals belonging to the same cohort of hemophiliacs infected with HIV-1 prior to 1985 and classified as LTNP in 1995. Three out of six individuals have progressed to HIV disease (late progressors [LP]), whereas the three remainders have maintained their LTNP status at least up to 2003. The nef alleles were obtained from both plasma virus and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of all six individuals in 1995 and 1998. The proportion of sequences containing mutations not yielding Nef expression significantly diminished in 1998 versus that in 1995. Several previously defined functional regions of intact nef alleles were highly conserved. However, the major variant obtained in 1998 from plasma RNA of five out of six individuals significantly reduced HIV infectivity/replication and impaired Nef-mediated CD4 but not major histocompatibility complex class I antigen down-modulation from the cell surface. Thus, functional alterations of the nef gene are present in both LP and LTNP, suggesting that Nef defectiveness in vitro is not necessarily associated with the long-term maintenance of LTNP status. Of interest is the fact that isolates from three out of three LP showed a dual CCR5/CXCR4 coreceptor use (R5X4), in contrast to those from LTNP, which were exclusively R5. Thus, in vivo evolution of gp120 Env to CXCR4 use appears to be associated with HIV disease progression in individuals infected with nef-defective viruses.
In quest of cathode materials for Ca ion batteries: the CaMO3 perovskites (M = Mo, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni) (2016)

Basic electrochemical characteristics of CaMO3 perovskites (M = Mo, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni) as cathode materials for Ca ion batteries are investigated using first principles calculations at the Density Functional Theory level (DFT). Calculations have been performed within the Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) and GGA+U methodologies, and considering cubic and orthorhombic perovskite structures for CaxMO3 (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1). The analysis of the calculated voltage-composition profile and volume variations identifies CaMoO3 as the most promising perovskite compound. It combines good electronic conductivity, moderate crystal structure modifications, and activity in the 2-3 V region with several intermediate CaxMoO3 phases. However, we found too large barriers for Ca diffusion (around 2 eV) which are inherent to the perovskite structure. The CaMoO3 perovskite was synthesized, characterized and electrochemically tested, and results confirmed the predicted trends.
Investigation of the Changes in Electronic Properties of Nickel Oxide (NiOx) Due to UV/Ozone Treatment (2017)

Drastic reduction in nickel oxide (NiO<sub>x</sub>) film resistivity and ionization potential is observed when subjected to ultraviolet (UV)/ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) treatment. X-ray photoemission spectroscopy suggests that UV/O<sub>3</sub> treatment changes the film stoichiometry by introducing Ni vacancy defects. Oxygen-rich NiO<sub>x</sub> having Ni vacancy defects behaves as a p-type semiconductor. Therefore, in this work, a simple and effective technique to introduce doping in NiO<sub>x</sub> is shown. Angle-resolved XPS reveals that the effect of UV/O<sub>3</sub> treatment does not only alter the film surface property but also introduces oxygen-rich stoichiometry throughout the depth of the film. Finally, simple metal/interlayer/semiconductor (MIS) contacts are fabricated on p-type Si using NiO<sub>x</sub> as the interlayer and different metals. Significant barrier height reduction is observed with respect to the control sample following UV/O<sub>3</sub> treatment, which is in agreement with the observed reduction in film resistivity. From an energy band diagram point of view, the introduction of the UV/O<sub>3</sub> treatment changes the defect state distribution, resulting in a change in the pinning of the Fermi level. Therefore, this work also shows that the Fermi level pinning property of NiO<sub>x</sub> can be controlled using UV/O<sub>3</sub> treatment.
Multicentre chest computed tomography standardisation in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis: the way forward (2016)

Progressive cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease is the main cause of mortality in CF patients. CF lung disease starts in early childhood. With current standards of care, respiratory function remains largely normal in children and more sensitive outcome measures are needed to monitor early CF lung disease. Chest CT is currently the most sensitive imaging modality to monitor pulmonary structural changes in children and adolescents with CF. To quantify structural lung disease reliably among multiple centres, standardisation of chest CT protocols is needed. SCIFI CF (Standardised Chest Imaging Framework for Interventions and Personalised Medicine in CF) was founded to characterise chest CT image quality and radiation doses among 16 participating European CF centres in 10 different countries. We aimed to optimise CT protocols in children and adolescents among several CF centres. A large variety was found in CT protocols, image quality and radiation dose usage among the centres. However, the performance of all CT scanners was found to be very similar, when taking spatial resolution and radiation dose into account. We conclude that multicentre standardisation of chest CT in children and adolescents with CF can be achieved for future clinical trials.
Imaging of Human Retinal Microvasculature Using Adaptive Optics Scanning Light Ophthalmoscope (2015)

In vivo microvascular imaging was performed on healthy and diseased retinas using an adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscope (AOSLO) employed with fluorescein angiography and non-confocal imaging techniques. With qualitative and quantitative image analyses, AOSLO provides a platform for characterizing retinal microvascular changes cross-sectionally and longitudinally due to disease progression or response to treatment.
Environmental and Drug Effects on Patients With Pacemakers and Implantable Cardioverter/Defibrillators (2001)

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Morphine Exacerbates HIV-1 Tat-Induced Cytokine Production in Astrocytes through Convergent Effects on [Ca2+]i, NF-κB Trafficking and Transcription (2008)

Astroglia are key cellular sites where opiate drug signals converge with the proinflammatory effects of HIV-1 Tat signals to exacerbate HIV encephalitis. Despite this understanding, the molecular sites of convergence driving opiate-accelerated neuropathogenesis have not been deciphered. We therefore explored potential points of interaction between the signaling pathways initiated by HIV-1 Tat and opioids in striatal astrocytes. Profiling studies screening 152 transcription factors indicated that the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) subunit, c-Rel, was a likely candidate for Tat or Tat plus opiate-induced increases in cytokine and chemokine production by astrocytes. Pretreatment with the NF-kappaB inhibitor parthenolide provided evidence that Tat+/-morphine-induced release of MCP-1, IL-6 and TNF-alpha by astrocytes is NF-kappaB dependent. The nuclear export inhibitor, leptomycin B, blocked the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of NF-kappaB; causing p65 (RelA) accumulation in the nucleus, and significantly attenuated cytokine production in Tat+/-morphine exposed astrocytes. Similarly, chelating intracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)](i)) blocked Tat+/-morphine-evoked MCP-1 and IL-6 release, while artificially increasing the concentration of extracellular Ca(2+) reversed this effect. Taken together, these results demonstrate that: 1) exposure to Tat+/-morphine is sufficient to activate NF-kappaB and cytokine production, 2) the release of MCP-1 and IL-6 by Tat+/-morphine are highly Ca(2+)-dependent, while TNF-alpha appears to be less affected by the changes in [Ca(2+)](i), and 3) in the presence of Tat, exposure to opiates augments Tat-induced NF-kappaB activation and cytokine release through a Ca(2+)-dependent pathway.
Efficient reduction of interactions in dispersion-managed links through in-line filtering and synchronous intensity modulation (1999)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text E. Pincemin, F. Neddam, and O. Leclerc, "Efficient reduction of interactions in dispersion-managed links through in-line filtering and synchronous intensity modulation," in Nonlinear Guided Waves and Their Applications, OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 1999), paper ThA5. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Rapamycin Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Relationships in Osteosarcoma: A Comparative Oncology Study in Dogs (2010)

Rapamycin may be safely administered to dogs and can yield therapeutic exposures. Modulation pS6RP/S6RP in tumor tissue and PBMCs was not dependent on dose. Results from this study confirm that the dog may be included in the translational development of rapamycin and potentially other mTOR inhibitors. Ongoing studies of rapamycin in dogs will define optimal schedules for their use in cancer and evaluate the role of rapamycin use in the setting of minimal residual disease.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Sulfenylation Reactions Employing N‐(Phenylthio) lactams Under Nonbasic Conditions. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.