gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2867: Adrenergic Receptor Polymorphisms and Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation with Bucindolol in Patients with Heart Failure (2007)

Background: β-blockers have been shown to prevent atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with low left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and chronic heart failure (CHF). We hypothesized that there may be genotype specific responses to β-blocker therapy for prevention of AF. Methods: The β-blocker Evaluation of Survival Trial (BEST) was a randomized trial of bucindolol in patients with NYHA Class III–IV CHF and LVEF ≤0.35. From a substudy of genotyped subjects, we identified those with the high functioning Arg389 β1 adrenergic receptor polymorphism and the loss of function 322–325 α2c adrenergic receptor deletion polymorphism. The incidence of AF was prospectively recorded as an adverse event during the trial. Results: Of the 1040 subjects in the genotyped cohort, there were a total of 493 Arg389 β1 receptor homozygotes vs. 547 Gly389 carriers and 207 α2c deletion carriers vs. 833 wild-types. The diplotypes included 418 subjects with both Arg/Arg389 β1 receptors and wild type α2c, 484 with one of these, and 134 carrying both the α2c deletion and the β1 Gly389 polymorphisms. For the genetic substudy, bucindolol was associated with a lower incidence of AF (7.0% vs. 10.7%; p = 0.03). There was a significant drug-gene interaction for prevention of AF with both polymorphisms (β-1 overall p = 0.04; α2c overall p = 0.04). Arg389 homozygotes randomized to bucindolol had a lower incidence of new onset AF during the trial than those randomized to placebo (5.1% vs. 11.9%; p &lt; 0.01) as for wild type α2c homozygotes (7.1% vs. 11.2%; p = 0.04). This reduction in AF incidence was not seen in β-1 Gly389 carriers (8.9% vs. 9.7%; p = 0.77) and α2c deletion carriers (6.8% vs. 8.7%; p = 0.79). Subjects with the Arg/Arg389 β-1/wild-type α2c receptor diplotype randomized to bucindolol had a lower rate of AF occurrence than those with only one or neither of these genotypes (both: 5.2% vs. 11.7%; p = 0.02; one: 8.2% vs. 11.2%; p = 0.28; neither: 8.5% vs. 6.7%; p = 0.75). Conclusion: Subjects with CHF and Arg/Arg389 β1 or wild type α2c adrenergic receptors treated with bucindolol had a lower rate of new onset AF than those randomized to placebo. This treatment effect was not observed in the population of β-1 Gly389 or the α2c deletion carriers, indicating a pharmacogenetic interaction.
Detection Limits for Blood on Fabrics Using Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR FT-IR) Spectroscopy and Derivative Processing (2016)

Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR) was used to detect blood stains based on signature protein absorption in the mid-IR region, where intensity changes in the spectrum can be related to blood concentration. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was applied for multivariate calibrations of IR spectra of blood dilutions on four types of fabric (acrylic, nylon, polyester, and cotton). Gap derivatives (GDs) were applied as a preprocessing technique to optimize the performance of calibration models. We report a much improved IR detection limit (DL) for blood on cotton (2700× in dilution factor units) and the first IR DL reported for blood on nylon (250×). Due to sample heterogeneity caused by fabric hydrophobicity, acrylic fabric produced variable ATR FT-IR spectra that caused poor DLs in concentration units compared to previous work. Polyester showed a similar problem at low blood concentrations that lead to a relatively poor DL as well. However, the increased surface sensitivity and decreased penetration depth of ATR FT-IR make it an excellent choice for detection of small quantities of blood on the front surface of all fabrics tested (0.0010 µg for cotton, 0.0077 µg for nylon, 0.011 µg for acrylic, and 0.0066 µg for polyester).
Haswell: A Family of IA 22 nm Processors (2014)

We describe the 4th Generation Intel® Core™ processor family (codenamed “Haswell”) implemented on Intel® 22 nm technology and intended to support form factors from desktops to fan-less Ultrabooks™. Performance enhancements include a 102 GB/sec L4 eDRAM cache, hardware support for transactional synchronization, and new FMA instructions that double FP operations per clock. Power improvements include Fully-Integrated Voltage Regulators ( ~ 50% battery life extension), new low-power states (95% standby power savings), optimized MCP I/O system (1.0-1.22 pJ/b), and improved DDR I/O circuits (40% active and 100x idle power savings). Other improvements include full-platform optimization via integrated display I/O interfaces.
Optimizing Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: Exploring the Benefits of Continuous Kinase Suppression (2013)

The oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) imatinib has revolutionized the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), most of which harbor oncogenic mutation in genes that encode the receptor tyrosine kinases KIT or PDGFA. Imatinib is the standard of care for patients with advanced GIST and for patients with primary GIST at significant risk of recurrence after surgery. Design. This review discusses data supporting continuous kinase suppression with imatinib and key issues, including response to imatinib reintroduction, effect of treatment interruption on secondary resistance to imatinib, and prognostic factors associated with sustained response to imatinib. Results. Long-term follow-up results of the B2222 study and updated results of the BFR14 trial demonstrate that continuous imatinib treatment in patients with advanced GIST is associated with reduced risk of progression. For patients progressing on or intolerant of imatinib, continuing therapy with TKIs sunitinib followed by regorafenib is recommended. In the adjuvant setting, final results of the trial by the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group and the Sarcoma Group of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Internistische Onkologie demonstrate that 3 years of adjuvant imatinib, compared with 1 year, significantly reduces the risk of recurrence and improves overall survival of patients with KIT-positive GIST at high risk of recurrence. Conclusions. Maintenance of therapy with TKIs is the key to successful treatment of GIST. Results from recent studies provide a strong rationale for continuous imatinib treatment for 3 years following surgical resection and long-term continuous administration in advanced or metastatic GIST.
The Inferior Vena Cava: (2003)

Mapping in a patient undergoing radiofrequency ablation for drug-refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in the setting of repetitive, monomorphic atrial ectopic beats with negative p waves in the inferior leads revealed an arrhythmogenic focus located in the posteromedial inferior vena cava (IVC) 1 cm below the right atrium to IVC junction. The focus was mapped using a Lasso catheter with successful irrigated-tip catheter ablation at the site of earliest activity. This case demonstrates that, in rare cases, arrhythmogenic muscular sleeves can be found in the IVC and that the IVC can be electrically disconnected from the right atrium using radiofrequency energy.
Measurement of jitter in a long Josephson junction soliton oscillator clock source (2001)

Stability of Josephson junction clock sources can be a limiting factor in the operation of RSFQ digital and mixed signal circuits. We have developed techniques for the characterization of the short-term stability, i.e., the jitter, of Josephson junction clock sources, and in this paper we present measurements of the jitter for a long Josephson junction soliton oscillator clock. The output frequency of the soliton oscillator was prescaled by using a chain of T flip-flops and using a current bias feedback the oscillator was phase locked to a stable room temperature RP source. Phase noise spectra of the clock signal were measured at the successive stages of the T flip-flop chain and interpreted to infer the cycle-to-cycle jitter of the soliton oscillator. The jitter at the output of the soliton oscillator was measured to be 60 fs at a frequency of 26 GHz, or 0.16% of the period of the clock.
Speech Database Compacted for an Embedded Mandarin TTS System (2008)

In recent years, the unit selection based concatenative speech synthesis system that uses large speech database has become popular because it can produce high quality synthesized speech. However, using such a large speech database is not practical for many applications such as those ported on embedded devices with the storage requirement and the computational complexity involved in searching it. In this paper, it proposed the context based pruning algorithm and waveform adjustment effect based pruning algorithm to compact the speech database. At last, it presents experimental results and discussion.
Tungsten Oxide‐Prussian Blue Electrochromic System Based on a Proton‐Conducting Polymer Electrolyte (1994)

A new solid‐state electrochromic system is presented. It is transparent and is comprised of a tungsten oxide and Prussian blue (PB) thin film couple in combination with a proton‐conducting, solid polymer electrolyte. This electrochromic system exhibits rapid and deep optical switching; characteristic of a complementary configuration, both electrochromic films color and bleach in phase. Complementary electrochromic cells with the tungsten oxide‐PB couple have previously been based on Li+ or K+‐conducting electrolytes. A repetitively cycling cell has not previously been reported with a proton‐conducting solid polymer electrolyte. The devices were operated at low applied voltages, +1.2 V to darken and −0.6 V to bleach. Repeated reduction and oxidation of the current system over 20,000 cycles has been demonstrated, indicating a large number of switchings without great degradation or irreversible side reactions. The sustained, high overall coloration efficiency of the devices suggests the insertion/extraction of protons into and out of both and PB films. The effects of cell size and operating temperature on the switching response are discussed.
Enhancing RSSI-based tracking accuracy in wireless sensor networks (2013)

In recent years, the demand for high-precision tracking systems has significantly increased in the field of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). A new tracking system based on exploitation of Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) measurements in WSN is proposed. The proposed system is designed in particular for WSNs that are deployed in close proximity and can transmit data at a high transmission rate. The close proximity and an optimized transmit power level enable accurate conversion of RSSI measurements to range estimates. Having an adequate transmission rate enables spatial-temporal correlation between consecutive RSSI measurements. In addition, advanced statistical and signal processing methods are used to mitigate channel distortion and to compensate for packet loss. The system is evaluated in indoor conditions and achieves tracking resolution of a few centimeters which is compatible with theoretical bounds.
Population-scale dietary interests during the COVID-19 pandemic (2022)

The SARS-CoV-2 virus has altered people's lives around the world. Here we document population-wide shifts in dietary interests in 18 countries in 2020, as revealed through time series of Google search volumes. We find that during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic there was an overall surge in food interest, larger and longer-lasting than the surge during typical end-of-year holidays in Western countries. The shock of decreased mobility manifested as a drastic increase in interest in consuming food at home and a corresponding decrease in consuming food outside of home. The largest (up to threefold) increases occurred for calorie-dense carbohydrate-based foods such as pastries, bakery products, bread, and pies. The observed shifts in dietary interests have the potential to globally affect food consumption and health outcomes. These findings can inform governmental and organizational decisions regarding measures to mitigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on diet and nutrition.
Figure S7 from A Somatostatin Receptor Subtype-3 (SST<sub>3</sub>) Peptide Agonist Shows Antitumor Effects in Experimental Models of Nonfunctioning Pituitary Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Intracellular signaling involved in the effects observed in response to SST3- agonists.&lt;/p&gt;
Dreidimensionale Beurteilung der Brustzusammensetzung mit dem Automatisierten Brust Volumen Scanner (ABVS) (2014)

Fragestellung: In der Bildgebung der Brust ist die Information für das Erkrankungsrisiko für die implizite Brusterkrankung enthalten. Die mammografische Dichte oder der Drüsenanteil in der MRT- Untersuchung sind mit dem Brustkrebsrisiko bereits assoziiert worden. Graustufenwerte des Ultraschall B-Bildes wurden mit der mammografischen Dichte assoziiert. Ziel dieser Untersuchung war es, die dreidimensionale Information der ABVS-Brustuntersuchung mit der mammografischen Dichte und dem Brustkrebsrisiko zu assoziieren.
Laser Imaging of Functional Molecules in the Living Cell (2006)

The laser microscopy is now an instrument indispensable for life science. Advances in molecular biology, organic chemistry, and materials science have recently enabled us to create several new classes of fluorescent probes for imaging in life science. Through combination with advances in laser microscopy and fluorescent probes, we are now able not only to image protein expression, localization, and activity state, but also to manipulate protein function in the living cell. Here, we first provide a brief introduction to fluorescent probes for cell imaging by laser microscopy and then describe methods for tagging of proteins with fluorescent probes. Finally, we summarize what biological phenomena we can image using fluorescent probes and laser microscopes.
Partially purified Curcuma longa inhibits alpha‐melanocyte‐stimulating hormone‐stimulated melanogenesis through extracellular signal‐regulated kinase or Akt activation‐mediated signalling in B16F10 cells (2009)

Bioassay-guided fractionation of Curcuma longa by solvent partitioning and purification with octadecylsilane open column chromatography yielded a partial purification. The active 80% methanol chromatographic fraction from the ethyl acetate layer [partial purification from C. longa (PPC)] was used to investigate the alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH)-stimulated melanogenesis signal pathway in B16F10 cells. In cells stimulated alpha-MSH, PPC inhibited cellular melanin contents, tyrosinase activity and expression of melanogenesis-related proteins including microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related proteins (TRP). Melanogenesis-regulating signalling such as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt was activated by PPC in alpha-MSH-stimulated B16F10 cells. The suppressive activity of PPC on alpha-MSH-induced melanogenesis was abrogated by selective inhibition of MEK/ERK (PD98059) and PI3K (LY294002). MEK/ERK or Akt activation by PPC may contribute to reduced melanin synthesis via MITF and its downstream signal pathway including tyrosinase and TRPs in alpha-MSH-induced melanogenesis.
Potentiation of immune checkpoint blockade cancer immunotherapy with oncolytic virus. (2014)

3051 Background: Therapeutic efficacy of agents targeting immune checkpoints has been limited to a subset of patients and cancer types. Preexisting lymphocytic infiltration of tumors has emerged as an important biomarker predictive of clinical benefit, suggesting that therapeutic effect could be enhanced through strategies that induce tumor inflammation. Here we explored whether the inflammatory responses generated by oncolytic viruses could be harnessed to improve systemic therapeutic efficacy of agents targeting immunologic checkpoints. Methods: For our studies we utilized Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), an avian virus with robust type I IFN-inducing properties. Metastatic disease was modeled by using bilateral flank B16 mouse melanoma model, with NDV administered unilaterally, allowing us to characterize the immune responses in both virus-injected and distant tumors. Therapeutic efficacy and immune responses utilizing intratumoral NDV with systemic immune checkpoint blocking antibodies were further characterized in several mouse models. Results: Localized intratumoral therapy of B16 melanoma with NDV induced CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytic infiltrates and anti-tumor effect in distant (non-virally infected) tumors without viral spread to these sites. Combination therapy with localized NDV and systemic immune checkpoint blockade led to distant tumor rejection in both NDV-susceptible and resistant tumor models and protected the animals from tumor re-challenge. This effect was associated with marked tumor infiltration with activated effector, but not regulatory T cells, and was dependent on CD8 and NK cells, and type I and II interferons. To further enhance the T cell effector function in tumors, we genetically-engineered NDVs expressing co-stimulatory ligands and demonstrated further increase in therapeutic efficacy of the combination therapy in several tumor models. Conclusions: In summary, in mouse tumor models, localized therapy with NDV induces inflammatory infiltrates in distant tumors, making them susceptible to systemic therapy with immunomodulatory antibodies. This provides a strong rationale for investigation of combination therapies utilizing NDV and immune checkpoint blockade in clinic.
Temperature and size dependence for Monte Carlo simulations of TIP4P water (1985)

Abstract A series of Monte Carlo simulations has been carried out to characterize the temperature and size dependence of the results for liquid water using the TIP4P potential function. Five temperatures from -25 to 100°C and four system sizes from 64 to 512 molecules have been studied. Comparisons are made with experimental thermodynamic and structural data as well as results of prior simulations.
Mesoporous Titania-Coated Biosensor and FEM Model for Highly Sensitive Detection of Low Molecular Weight Targets (2018)

This paper presents the interest of a highly sensitive biosensor coated with a TiO2 mesoporous film as a sensitive layer. The main novelty is related to the modeling of the device and simulation by using the finite element method with a COMSOL multiphysics software as a good way to take into account the physical properties of porous 3-D layers. The strategy of using such Love wave devices, with 3-D porous layers, offering further easy functionalization, aims not only to increase the amount of targets caught on the sensor surface but also to enhance the detection mechanism by a higher perturbation of the Love wave acoustic energy, which could be trapped inside the 3-D sensitive layer. First, as a proof of concept, experimental devices with a 3-D titania mesoporous layer were realized, and they have shown a good agreement with simulated results. Furthermore, experimental tests with several Newtonian liquids are investigated, in a range of viscosities from 1 to 7 cP, which are typical of those that concern our biochemical applications. The sensitivity with a 300 nm thick porous sensing layer was ten times that of the bare device, with interesting dynamical issues to be further studied, giving rise to the great potentialities of such architectures for biological detection of low weight biochemical targets.
Ground based hyperspectral imaging of urban emissions (2016)

We report on an eight-day campaign using a longwave hyperspectral imager in NYC to observe an 8km profile of the city along the west side of Manhattan Island, from One World Trade Center to Central Park. Images were taken at roughly 3-minute intervals in 128 spectral bands from 7.4 to 13.2 microns. Results presented highlight the potential that spectroscopic imaging offers for studying both solid surface analysis and gaseous emissions in an urban landscape. The instrument we used in this experiment was originally designed for airborne applications, but has been adapted for ground-based measurements [3] and data presented here are the results of the first ground based, urban application of such an instrument. In the 8-day campaign carried out in April, 2015, we observed Manhattan's West Side in 128 spectral bands spanning 7.6 to 13.4 microns. We collected more than 15,500 data cubes at cadences from 10 seconds to 3 minutes, yielding detailed views in space, time, and composition. The analysis of those data cubes revealed the emission, transport, and dispersion of plumes of 10 different gaseous species, as well as allowed for the simultaneous thermal analysis (emissivity, surface temperatures, HVAC operations) of more than 400 buildings and other physical infrastructure.
Native and process induced defects in GaN films grown on Si substrates probed using a monoenergetic positron beam (2014)

Positron annihilation is a non-destructive tool for investigating vacancy-type defects in materials. Detectable defects are monovacancies to vacancy clusters, and there is no restriction onsample temperature or conductivity. Using this technique, we studied native and plasma-treatment induced defects in GaN layers grown on Si substrates deposited by metal organic chemical vapor deposition. Measurements of Doppler broadening spectra of the annihilation radiation for 1-μm-thick GaN layers showed that optically active vacancy-type defects were formed during their growth. These defects were identified as complexes of vacancies and carbon impurities. For plasma treated samples, we found the introduction of vacancy-type defects in the subsurface region (≤2.5 nm). These results show that positron annihilation spectroscopy is a useful tool for identifying vacancy-type defects in GaN-based devices.
Reliability and Latency Performance of Multi-Connectivity Scheduling Schemes in Multi-User Scenarios (2020)

Industrial applications such as closed-loop control require communication systems which provide low latency and high reliability. Current wireless communication systems are not able to fulfill all strict requirements posed by industrial applications. Multi-Connectivity (MC), i.e. using multiple communication paths at the same time, is a promising measure to enhance latency and reliability of wireless communication systems. Different scheduling schemes, i.e. Load Balancing (LB), Packet Duplication (PD) and Packet Splitting (PS), can be utilized to distribute packets over multiple paths. After having identified the impact of link homo- and heterogeneity, SNR regime and link correlation in previous work, the impact of network load and capacity on the different MC scheduling schemes is evaluated in this paper. Measurements in private LTE and WiFi 802.11ac networks are performed for different number of users. Our evaluations support that network load and capacity have a strong impact on latency and reliability performance of MC scheduling schemes. In low load scenarios, PD or PS achieve the best performance, for scenarios with low link correlation and high link correlation, respectively. In scenarios where the network load is close to the capacity limit on the other hand, LB provides the lowest latency and highest reliability. The capacity limit in the multiple user scenario strongly depends on the channel access scheme and its ability to deal with increasing number of users. The insights gained in this work can be used to develop dynamic MC schedulers that adapt the MC scheduling scheme based on SNR regime, link correlation and network load in order to achieve low latency and high reliability in scenarios with varying radio and network conditions.