gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
N,N'-Bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-N,N'-ethylenetartramide: An Improved Chiral Auxiliary for the Asymmetric Allylboration Reaction (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTN,N'-Bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-N,N'-ethylenetartramide: An Improved Chiral Auxiliary for the Asymmetric Allylboration ReactionWilliam R. Roush and Paul T. GroverCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 12, 3806–3813Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00117a036https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00117a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views836Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The Carbon-Lithium Negative Electrode: Effects of the Carbon Origin and of The Electrolyte (1994)

Abstract Carbonaceous materials from different origins are used in order to study the lithium electrochemical intercalation and de-intercalation from a liquid or a solid state electrolyte. The reversible capacity which describes the total relative amount of lithium exchanged with the electrolyte during the charge/discharge operations depends on the crystallinity of the host carbon. A special coal coke allows to reach high capacities in both liquid and solid electrolytes.
Functional ultrasound imaging of brain activity in human newborns (2017)

Functional neuroimaging modalities are crucial for understanding brain function, but their clinical use is challenging. Recently, the use of ultrasonic plane waves transmitted at ultrafast frame rates was shown to allow for the spatiotemporal identification of brain activation through neurovascular coupling in rodents. Using a customized flexible and noninvasive headmount, we demonstrate in human neonates that real-time functional ultrasound imaging (fUSI) is feasible by combining simultaneous continuous video-electroencephalography (EEG) recording and ultrafast Doppler (UfD) imaging of the brain microvasculature. fUSI detected very small cerebral blood volume variations in the brains of neonates that closely correlated with two different sleep states defined by EEG recordings. fUSI was also used to assess brain activity in two neonates with congenital abnormal cortical development enabling elucidation of the dynamics of neonatal seizures with high spatiotemporal resolution (200 μm for UfD and 1 ms for EEG). fUSI was then applied to track how waves of vascular changes were propagated during interictal periods and to determine the ictal foci of the seizures. Imaging the human brain with fUSI enables high-resolution identification of brain activation through neurovascular coupling and may provide new insights into seizure analysis and the monitoring of brain function.
Innate Immune Responses to Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Influence Skin Homing Molecule Expression by Memory CD4+Lymphocytes (2006)

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections of humans are characterized by intermittent, lytic replication in epithelia. Circulating HSV-specific CD4 T cells express lower levels of preformed cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA), a skin-homing receptor, than do circulating HSV-specific CD8 T cells but, paradoxically, move into infected skin earlier than CD8 cells. Memory CD4 T cells develop strong and selective expression of CLA and E-selectin ligand while responding to HSV antigen in vitro. We now show that interleukin-12, type I interferon, and transforming growth factor beta are each involved in CLA expression by memory HSV type 2 (HSV-2)-specific CD4 T cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). A reduction of the number of monocytes and dendritic cells from PBMC reduces CLA expression by HSV-2-responsive CD4 lymphoblasts, while their reintroduction restores this phenotype, identifying these cells as possible sources of CLA-promoting cytokines. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells are particularly potent inducers of CLA on HSV-reactive CD4 T cells. These observations are consistent with cooperation between innate and acquired immunity to promote a pattern of homing receptor expression that is physiologically appropriate for trafficking to infected tissues.
Polymorphonuclear neutrophil-mediated antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity of herpesvirus-infected cells: ultrastructural studies (1980)

Bovine polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) can mediate antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC) of herpesvirus-infected cells. Since cytotoxicity occurs only in the presence of PMN and specific antiviral antibody, but not until viral membrane antigens are expressed on the target cell, it is concluded that antibody must recognize viral membrane antigens before cytotoxicity can occur. Cytotoxicity also requires very close contact between the target cell and the PMN cell. These interactions occur as early as 1 h after incubating antibody, infected cells, and PMN, but the actual lysis and release of intracellular components occur over an extended period. It was assumed that degranulation was not involved in the initiation of cytotoxicity, but was involved in the final stage of destruction. The mechanism of lysis is proposed to involve the interaction of PMN membranes with target cell membranes with subsequent reorganization and activation of the PMN plasma membrane at points of contact with the target cell. This results in possible production of transmembrane channels which allows for the release of target cell contents.
Abstract C16: Targeting AR in castration-resistant prostate cancer: Development of ARN-509 and second-generation antiandrogen resistance models (2012)

Abstract The androgen receptor (AR) plays a central role in the development and progression of prostate cancer. Recent studies demonstrate that AR remains essential in the majority of castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) after classical androgen ablation therapies have failed. The clinical efficacies of MDV3100 and abiraterone acetate, both of which target the AR pathway in the castrate resistant setting, support these findings. ARN-509 is a 2nd generation competitive AR antagonist that, unlike bicalutamide, maintains full antagonist activity in preclinical CRPC models. ARN-509 does not robustly induce AR nuclear localization or DNA binding. However, ARN-509 displays maximal efficacy in the LNCaP/AR xenograft model of CRPC at lower dose and steady state plasma concentrations compared to MDV3100, suggesting potential for higher therapeutic index and ability to deliver the maximally efficacious dose in man. To date, ARN-509 has shown promising antitumor activity in mCRPC patients enrolled in a Phase 1 study. Given that approximately 50% of CRPC patients have suboptimal response to MDV3100 and abiraterone acetate as well as the observation that resistance eventually develops in patients who initially respond to therapy, we sought to determine whether AR remains a viable therapeutic target in the MDV3100 and ARN-509 resistant setting. To this end, we generated several MDV3100 and ARN-509 resistant derivatives of the LNCaP and LNCaP/AR cell lines. While work is underway to determine the molecular mechanisms of resistance, a subset of cell lines does not require androgens for growth in vitro. These androgen independent derivatives express AR at levels comparable to LNCaP/AR (approximately 3X LNCaP) or 2-3 fold LNCaP-AR. When representative lines are injected into castrated mice, they demonstrate a decreased latency of tumor formation compared to the parental cell line both in the presence and absence of ARN-509. Importantly, in all lines tested, small interfering RNA mediated reduction in AR levels dramatically impaired the ability of the androgen independent resistant cell lines to proliferate in the absence of androgens. These data support the hypothesis that AR remains a viable therapeutic target for second generation anti-androgen resistant prostate cancer and is the first step toward establishing a platform to screen for next generation anti-androgens. Citation Format: James D. Joseph, Anna Aparicio, Josh Kaufman, Jackie Julien, Celine Bonnefous, Nicholas D. Smith, Peter Rix, Michael E. Jung, Charles L. Sawyers, Richard A. Heyman, Jeffrey H. Hager, Nicola J. Clegg, John Sensintaffar, Nhin Lu, Kate Grillot, Eric Bischoff, Gang Shao, Jing Qian, Beatrice Darimont. Targeting AR in castration-resistant prostate cancer: Development of ARN-509 and second-generation antiandrogen resistance models [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Prostate Cancer Research; 2012 Feb 6-9; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(4 Suppl):Abstract nr C16.
QoS-Aware Joint BBU-RRH Mapping and User Association in Cloud-RANs (2018)

Cloud radio access network (C-RAN) is a promising wireless network architecture that can reduce the energy consumption by the centralized cloud architecture and subsequently decrease the number of required traditional base station sites and the site support equipments. C-RAN consists of the baseband units (BBUs) and the remote radio heads (RRHs). BBUs are pooled in a central cloud, i.e., the BBU pool is to provide powerful computation and storage resources while RRHs are distributed across multiple sites to provide coverage and interact with user equipments. In order to exploit the benefits of C-RAN, each BBU can be actualized by a virtual machine, i.e., virtual BBU (VB). VBs can be initiated and shut down as needed to serve clusters of RRHs (i.e., many-to-one mapping between RRHs and BBUs). RRHs can be turned into the sleep mode to reduce the energy consumption. In this paper, we jointly optimize BBU-RRH mapping and user association with the objective to minimize the system cost incurred by the energy bill from RRHs and VB rentals under the constraint of user quality of service, which is formulated as an integer linear programming problem. Furthermore, we decompose the joint problem into two subproblems and design a time-efficient algorithm to solve the problem. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm performs close to the optimal solutions obtained from CPLEX.
Dietary fibre in laying hens: a review of effects on performance, gut health and feather pecking (2021)

SUMMARYDietary fibre has traditionally been considered an energy-diluting component of laying hen diets. With low energetic values, and sometimes negative impacts on digesta viscosity and gut function, formulations have often aimed to minimise crude fibre contents. Increasing fibre contents can mean that the level of fat required to meet nutritional standards must be increased to account for the decrease in energy, with consequential impacts on feed handling. By contrast, recent research has shown that some dietary fibres can have beneficial effects on laying performance, driven by changes in digestibility, gut structure and function, as well as shifts in the gut microbiota. However, there is often a lack of clarity as to the quantity and type of fibre required to yield production benefits. Broadly, soluble fibres – while largely detrimental to nutrient digestibility – can act as prebiotics, favouring beneficial intestinal microbiomes, while insoluble fibres stimulate intestinal development and may have some preventative effects on feather pecking and cannibalism.
Optimal Delay-Outage Analysis for Noise-Limited Wireless Networks With Caching, Computing, and Communications (2022)

Performance assessment and optimization for networks jointly performing caching, computing, and communication (3C) has recently drawn significant attention because many emerging applications require 3C functionality. However, studies in the literature mostly focus on the particular algorithms and setups of such networks, while their theoretical understanding and characterization has been less explored. To fill this gap, this paper conducts the asymptotic (scaling-law) analysis for the delay-outage tradeoff of noise-limited wireless edge networks with joint 3C. In particular, assuming the user requests for different tasks following a Zipf distribution, we derive the analytical expression for the optimal caching policy. Based on this, we next derive the closed-form expression for the optimum outage probability as a function of delay and other network parameters for the case that the Zipf parameter is smaller than 1. Then, for the case that the Zipf parameter is larger than 1, we derive the closed-form expressions for upper and lower bounds of the optimum outage probability. We provide insights and interpretations based on the derived expressions. Computer simulations validate our analytical results and insights.
ChemInform Abstract: Phenolic Compounds Isolated from the Roots of Sophora stenophylla. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Noise Based Variability Approach for DC Statistical Analysis of Organic TFT Based Circuits (2020)

The current study presents an accurate and time saving circuit-based DC statistical analysis methodology, tested in basic organic thin-film transistor circuit topologies. The proposed Noise Based Variability Approach can be used versus traditional Monte Carlo analysis to determine accurately the variation on DC characteristics caused by statistical variations on the device basic parameters.
TFP5/TP5 peptide provides neuroprotection in the MPTP model of Parkinson′s disease (2016)

Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is a member of the serine-threonine kinase family of cyclin-dependent kinases. Cdk5 is critical to normal mammalian nervous system development and plays important regulatory roles in multiple cellular functions. Recent evidence indicates that Cdk5 is inappropriately activated in several neurodegenerative conditions, including Parkinson's disease (PD). PD is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra, decreased striatal dopamine levels, and consequent extrapyramidal motor dysfunction. During neurotoxicity, p35 is cleaved to form p25. Binding of p25 with Cdk5 leads deregulation of Cdk5 resulting in number of neurodegenerative pathologies. To date, strategies to specifically inhibit Cdk5 hyperactivity have not been successful without affecting normal Cdk5 activity. Here we show that inhibition of p25/Cdk5 hyperactivation through TFP5/TP5, truncated 24-aa peptide derived from the Cdk5 activator p35 rescues nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP/MPP(+)) in a mouse model of PD. TP5 peptide treatment also blocked dopamine depletion in the striatum and improved gait dysfunction after MPTP administration. The neuroprotective effect of TFP5/TP5 peptide is also associated with marked reduction in neuroinflammation and apoptosis. Here we show inhibition of Cdk5/p25-hyperactivation by TFP5/TP5 peptide, which identifies Cdk5/p25 as a potential therapeutic target to reduce neurodegeneration in PD.
JNJ-5371678, Defining a Role for Fusion Inhibitors in the Treatment of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (2020)

Inhibitors of the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) fusion protein block entry of the virus into the cell and have shown varying efficacy in a human challenge model of RSV disease. Trials in patient populations are yet to show significant benefits. Jonckers et al. ( <i>J. Med. Chem.</i> 2020, DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00226) describe the discovery of JNJ-53718678 which can now claim the leading position in clinical evaluation. For RSV inhibitors, the current status of the clinical development of the compound is discussed.
Influence of Ce/Zr ratio on CO oxidation activity of ceria–zirconia supported Cu catalyst (2015)

Abstract The influence of Ce/Zr ratios in the cerium-rich region on the dispersibility and reduction property of Cu catalysts supported on ceria–zirconia composite oxides was investigated. In the catalysts, the dispersibility of copper oxide species on ceria–zirconia supports was different depending on Ce/Zr ratio. The particle size of copper oxide species on Ce 0.7 Zr 0.3 O 2 was smaller than that on Ce 0.5 Zr 0.5 O 2 . CO oxidation activity of 1.0 wt % Cu/Ce 0.7 Zr 0.3 O 2 was higher than that of 1.0 wt % Cu/Ce 0.5 Zr 0.5 O 2 . Temperature programmed reduction by CO (CO-TPR) measurement revealed that the reducibility of Cu/Ce 0.7 Zr 0.3 O 2 was higher than that of Cu/Ce 0.5 Zr 0.5 O 2 . The temperature of the first peak in CO-TPR profiles for both catalysts was in good agreement with the temperature at which the conversion of CO reached 50% ( T 50 ). It is suggested that the copper oxide species — ceria–zirconia interaction influences the activation of oxygen at the interface between copper oxide species and ceria–zirconia, resulting in different catalytic performance for CO oxidation.
Determination of selenium in fish from designated critical habitat of the Gunnison River, Colorado, summer 2011 (2012)

This report presents results for the summer 2011 sampling of muscle plugs from common carps (Cyprinus Linnaeus), roundtail chub (Gila robusta), and bonytail chub (Gila elegans) inhabiting critical habitat in the Gunnison River in Western Colorado. Total selenium in fish muscle plugs was determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis. Total selenium concentrations (range and mean standard deviation) in micrograms per gram dry weight for each species were as follows: common carp: 8.5 to 35, 13 7.8; roundtail chub: 5.5 to 11.2, 7.3 1.6; bonytail chub: 0.8 to 8.6, 3.9 4.2. Selenium concentrations in muscle plugs from 4 out of 15 roundtail chub, all 15 common carp, and 2 out of 5 bonytail chub exceeded the 8 micrograms per gram dry weight toxicity guideline for selenium in fish muscle tissue.
If You’re Not Writing a Program, Don’t Use a Programming Language (2018)

The need to handle large programs and to produce ecient compiled codeadds complexity to programming languages and limits their expressiveness. Algorithms are not programs, and they can be expressed in a simpler and more expressive language. That language is the one used by almost every branch of science and engineering to precisely describe and reason about the objects they study: the language of mathematics. Math is useful for describing a more general class of algorithms than are studied in algorithm courses.
Graceful router updates in link-state protocols (2013)

Manageability and evolvability are crucial needs for IP networks. Unfortunately, planned topological changes may lead to transient forwarding loops in link-state routing protocols commonly used in IP networks. These lead to service unavailability, reducing the frequency at which operators can adapt the network topology. Prior works proved that the state of a given link can be modified while avoiding forwarding inconsistencies without changing protocol specifications. In this paper, we study the more general problem of gracefully modifying the state of an entire router, while minimizing the induced operational impact. As opposed to a single-link modification, the router update problem is k-dimensional for a node of degree k. Moreover, we show that the interplay between operations applied at the router granularity can lead to loops that do not occur considering a single-link modification. In this paper, we present an efficient algorithm that computes minimal sequences of weights to be configured on the links of the updated node. Based on real IP network topologies, we show that the size of such sequence is limited in practice.
Ti/ITQ-2, a new material highly active and selective for the epoxidation of olefins with organic hydroperoxides (1999)

Materials containing highly accessible and well ordered titanium sites prepared by grafting titanocene on ITQ-2 material are excellent catalysts for epoxidation of olefins, yielding high conversions and selectivities to the desired epoxides.
Computational Cameras: Approaches, Benefits and Limits (2011)

A computational camera uses a combination of optics and software to produce images that cannot be taken with traditional cameras. In the last decade, computational imaging has emerged as a vibrant field of research. A wide variety of computational cameras have been demonstrated - some designed to achieve new imaging functionalities and others to reduce the complexity of traditional imaging. In this article, we describe how computational cameras have evolved and present a taxonomy for the technical approaches they use. We explore the benefits and limits of computational imaging, and describe how it is related to the adjacent and overlapping fields of digital imaging, computational photography and computational image sensors.
Two-Color Pumped Sub-5-fs Multi-TW Optical Parametric Chirped Pulse Amplifier (2012)

We report on the development of a two-color pumped optical parametric chirped pulse amplifier for attosecond and relativistic laser-plasma physics. Light pulses are generated in the 580–1020 nm spectral range providing sub-5-fs duration and &gt;80-mJ energy.
Selective Hydrogen Atom Abstraction through Induced Bond Polarization: Direct α‐Arylation of Alcohols through Photoredox, HAT, and Nickel Catalysis (2018)

Abstract The combination of nickel metallaphotoredox catalysis, hydrogen atom transfer catalysis, and a Lewis acid activation mode, has led to the development of an arylation method for the selective functionalization of alcohol α‐hydroxy C−H bonds. This approach employs zinc‐mediated alcohol deprotonation to activate α‐hydroxy C−H bonds while simultaneously suppressing C−O bond formation by inhibiting the formation of nickel alkoxide species. The use of Zn‐based Lewis acids also deactivates other hydridic bonds such as α‐amino and α‐oxy C−H bonds. This approach facilitates rapid access to benzylic alcohols, an important motif in drug discovery. A 3‐step synthesis of the drug Prozac exemplifies the utility of this new method.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Reduction of Ketones via Whole Cell Bioconversions and Transfer Hydrogenation: Complementary Approaches. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Transcutaneous Stimulation to Improve Cognitive Functions (2018)

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