gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bosentan for sarcoidosis associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (BoSAPH) was effective in advanced parenchymal lung disease (2012)

Introduction : We reported significant improvement in pulmonary artery mean (PAM) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) for those treated with 16 weeks (wks) of bosentan (BOS) versus no change in those treated with placebo (PLA) for sarcoidosis associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (SAPH). Purpose of the study : To determine whether patients with advanced parenchymal disease were less likely to respond to BOS. Methods : Patients with SAPH confirmed by right heart catheterization (RHC) were randomized 2:1 to receive either BOS or PLA. After 16 wks of therapy, patients underwent repeat RHC. Patients had forced vital capacity (FVC) and Scadding chest x-ray (CXR) stage. Results : Of the 25 patients treated with BOS, 2 stopped study drug before wk 8. At 16 wks, 21had repeated RHC. Patients were subgrouped into those with FVC% ≥70% predicted (FVC≥70%) or below 70% (FVC≤70%) and those with CXR stage 0-3 (CXR<4) versus stage 4 (CXR=4). The table demonstrates the changes in PAM and PVR. There was significant improvement in PAM and PVR for those with FVC<70% but was not for those with FVC≥70%. No changes were seen for the PLA group.

View this table:

PAM and PVR





Conclusion : After 16 wks of treatment, bosentan therapy was associated with a significant improvement in PAM and PVR. These changes remained significant for patients with an FVC<70% predicted. SAPH patients with advanced parenchymal lung disease may respond to vasodilatory therapy.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Arylation Reactions of Biphenyl‐2‐ols, Naphthols, and Benzylic Compounds with Aryl Halides under Palladium Catalysis. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Targeted localization of Inn1, Cyk3 and Chs2 by the mitotic-exit network regulates cytokinesis in budding yeast (2010)

The mitotic-exit network (MEN) is a signaling pathway that is essential for the coordination of mitotic exit and cytokinesis. Whereas the role of the MEN in mitotic exit is well established, the molecular mechanisms by which MEN components regulate cytokinesis remain poorly understood. Here, we show that the MEN controls components involved in septum formation, including Inn1, Cyk3 and Chs2. MEN-deficient mutants, forced to exit mitosis as a result of Cdk1 inactivation, show defects in targeting Cyk3 and Inn1 to the bud-neck region. In addition, we found that the chitin synthase Chs2 did not efficiently localize at the bud neck in the absence of MEN activity. Ultrastructural analysis of the bud neck revealed that low MEN activity led to unilateral, uncoordinated extension of the primary and secondary septa. This defect was partially suppressed by increased levels of Cyk3. We therefore propose that the MEN directly controls cytokinesis via targeting of Inn1, Cyk3 and Chs2 to the bud neck.
The nucleotide sequence of potato virus A genomic RNA and its sequence similarities with other potyviruses (1994)

The complete nucleotide sequence of potato virus A (PVA) was obtained from six independent cDNA clones. The RNA genome of PVA is 9565 nucleotides long and contains one open reading frame (ORF) of 9177 bases encoding a large polyprotein of 3059 amino acids with a calculated M(r) of 340K. Seven potential proteinase NIa, one HC-pro and one P1 proteinase recognition sites were found in PVA polyprotein by searching for cleavage site consensus sequences amongst the potyvirus group. The non-coding region preceding the ORF is 161 nucleotides long. The termination codon is followed by a 227-nucleotide sequence. Overall nucleotide sequence identity compared with several completely sequenced potyvirus genomes is between 53 and 58%, with overall amino acid sequence identity between 65 and 71%. When the putative amino acid sequences of individual proteins of PVA were compared with the corresponding proteins of other potyviruses, P1 and P3 appeared the least conserved (34 to 53%) whereas the other proteins were in most cases from 63 to 80% identical to each other.
Establishment of a human placental endothelial cell line with extended life span after transfection with SV 40 T-antigens. (1997)

Studies utilizing microvascular human endothelial cells are relatively few because of substantial difficulties in isolation and cultivation, respective limited proliferation capability and functional variation of primary cells. To facilitate the closer examination of capillary endothelial characteristics, we isolated microvascular endothelial cells from full-term placenta and transfected the cells via lipofection with pRNS-1, encoding for the small and large T-antigens of SV 40. One cell line, HPEC-A1, with a largely extended life span was isolated and kept in culture for up to 80 cumulative population doublings. The cell line HPEC-A1 expressed SV 40 T-antigens and exhibited endothelial characteristics identical to primary cells, such as the uptake of low density lipoprotein, binding of Ulex europaeus lectin I, and the expression of von Willebrand factor, thrombomodulin-alpha, VE-cadherin, and a set of integrins.
Asymmetric Ring/Disk Nanocavities on Conducting Substrates for Strong Fano-Interference (2013)

We introduce a Fano resonant asymmetric ring/disk cavity system employing a conducting layer underneath. Our system shows stronger electromagnetic fields that are highly accessible to surrounding medium and sharper spectral features that result in more reliable and sensitive biodetection platforms.
Organic electroluminescence using polymer networks from smectic liquid crystals (2006)

We report the synthesis of a red light‐emitting and photopolymerizable smectic liquid crystal (reactive mesogen). We investigate the suitability of polymer networks formed from smectic reactive mesogens for use in organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). The use of mixtures of smectic reactive mesogens is shown to lower the processing temperature for the fabrication of OLEDs to room temperature. We also report efficient energy transfer from a nematic polymer network host to a smectic light‐emitting dopant and polarized emission from a polymer network formed from an aligned smectic reactive mesogen.
Regioselective N/C-Heterocyclization of Allenylindium Bromide Across Aryl Azides: One-Pot Synthesis of 5-Methyl-1,2,3-triazoles (2014)

An unprecedented, one-pot regioselective synthesis of 1,5-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles through N/C-heterocyclization of allenylindium bromide across aryl azides is described. The synthesis is carried out under mild conditions in aqueous medium and proceeds regioselectively in moderate to good yields.
Emilin genes are duplicated and dynamically expressed during zebrafish embryonic development (2007)

Emilins are a family of extracellular matrix proteins with common structural organization and containing a characteristic N-terminal cysteine-rich domain. The prototype of this family, Emilin-1, is found in human and murine organs in association with elastic fibers, and other emilins were recently isolated in mammals. To gain insight into these proteins in lower vertebrates, we investigated the expression of emilins in the fish Danio rerio. Using sequence similarity tools, we identified eight members of this family in zebrafish. Each emilin gene has two paralogs in zebrafish, showing conserved structure with the human ortholog. In situ hybridization revealed that expression of zebrafish emilin genes is regulated in a spatiotemporal manner during embryonic development, with overlapping and site-specific patterns mostly including mesenchymal structures. Expression of certain emilin genes in peculiar areas, such as the central nervous system or the posterior notochord, suggests that they may play a role in key morphogenetic processes.
Functional residues at the active site of bovine brain adenosine deaminase (1997)

Brain adenosine deaminase was investigated in order to identify amino acid residues essential for its catalytic activity. The pH dependence of log Vmax shows that the enzyme activity depends on two ionizing groups with pK values of 5.4, that must be unprotonated, and 8.4, that must be protonated, for the catalysis. These same groups are observed in the Vmax/Km profiles. The plausible role of histidine residues at the active site of brain adenosine deaminase was proved by chemical modification with (DEP). The histidine specific reagent inactivated the enzyme following a pseudo first-order kinetics with a second-order rate constant of 8.9 10(-3) (+/- 1.8 10(-3)) M-1 min-1. The inhibition of the enzyme with PCMBS was studied monitoring the enzyme activity after incubation with the inhibitor. Brain adenosine deaminase exhibited a characteristic intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence with an emission peak centered at 335 nm. Stern-Volmer quenching parameters in the presence of acrylamide and iodide indicated that tryptophan residues are buried in the native molecule. Tryptophan residues also showed a high heterogeneity that was increased after binding of ground- and transition-state analogs to the enzyme.
Imaging metastatic prostate cancer with 18F-DCFBC PET/CT (DCFBC) and 18F-NaF PET/CT (NaF). (2017)

231 Background: Conventional imaging of advanced prostate cancer (computerized tomography and nuclear bone scintigraphy) is limited and indicates a need for a more specific molecular imaging probe. DCFBC is a radiolabeled PET agent that binds with high affinity to prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), which is overexpressed in almost all prostate cancers and through whole-body non-invasive functional imaging, may provide new information on the expression of PSMA. We compare the uptake of DCFBC in bone with respect to NaF PET/CT in metastatic prostate cancer patients. DCFBC has added capability to detect soft tissue metastasis whereas NaF is confined to secondary effects of bone disease. Methods: Subjects with known or suspected prostate cancer metastasis underwent DCFBC PET/CT imaging performed at 1 hour and 2 hours after IV bolus injection of 8 mCi of DCFBC. Patients also underwent a whole body NaF PET/CT scan within 3 weeks of DCFBC PET/CT to assess for bone metastases. Patients received 3 mCi of NaF IV bolus and then were imaged 1hour post injection. PSA levels and antiandrogen therapy status were obtained at the time of DCFBC imaging. Results: Fifteen patients have been preliminarily analyzed. PSA ranged from &lt; .01 to 4379 ng/mL. NaF identified bone lesions in 10 patients but matching focal DCFBC uptake was only seen in 3 patients. DCFBC additionally showed lymph node metastasis in 1of these 3 patient. There were 5 patients without focal abnormal bone uptake on NaF or DCFBC. In this group, 4 of 5 patients had focal DCFBC uptake in lymph nodes or soft tissue lesions. Ten patients were on some form of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). For those on ADT, 7 of 10 patients had positive findings on NaF, compared to 2 of 10 patients on DCFBC. Conclusions: DCFBC uptake in bone metastasis does not routinely correspond to focal NaF uptake which could be due to distinct mechanisms of tracer uptake and tumor biology. There is an inverse association in focal bone findings when comparing each tracer on antiandrogen therapy. Through whole-body non-invasive functional imaging and further study, DCFBC may prove useful in characterizing prostate cancer based on PSMA expression. Clinical trial information: NCT02190279.
Materials purity, growth, and patterning (2020)

Abstract This chapter describes the purification and growth of organic materials, device patterning, and coating of large substrate areas using volume manufacturing processes. Organic semiconductors are no different from other electronic materials—purity is of the utmost importance. The chapter begins by describing several purification techniques for achieving and assessing the quality of electronic-grade materials. Next is a discussion of bulk crystal growth, and growth by more technologically important methods for achieving thin films using solution or vapor phase growth processes. Post-growth annealing for achieving desired film morphologies is also discussed. Patterning of device structures by photolithography, stamping and nanoimprint lithography on both planar and curved surfaces are described. This is followed by consideration of manufacturing processes such as roll-to-roll production, and the constraints that such processes place on the choice of substrate. Last, packaging and device encapsulation that maintain substrate flexibility while protecting devices from attack by adverse environments is discussed.
Repeatable masking of sensitive data (2023)

The various technologies presented herein relate to enabling a value generated based upon a physical unclonable function (PUF) response to be available as needed, while also preventing exposure of the PUF to a malicious entity. A masked PUF response can be generated based upon applying a function to a combination of the PUF response and a data file (e.g., a bitstream), and the masked PUF response is forwarded to a requesting entity, rather than the PUF response. Hence, the PUF is masked from any entity requiring access to the PUF. The PUF can be located in a FPGA, wherein the data file is a bitstream pertinent to one or more configurable logic blocks included in the FPGA. A first masked PUF response generated with a first data file can have a different value to a second masked PUF response generated with a second data file.
Two-color time-resolved measurements of optical nonlinearities (1992)

We show that the simple Z-scan technique 1 can be extended to study the dynamics of optical nonlinearities by using a nondegenerate time-delay excite-probe geometry. In this scheme, we obtain information regarding the signs, magnitudes, lifetimes, and dispersions of both absorptive and refractive components of optical nonlinearities. Nondegenerate two-photon absorption in ZnSe and cross-phase modulation in ZnS and ZnSe are measured, and the results are shown to be in good agreement with those of the recent two-band model, which utilizes the nonlinear Kramers-Krönig transformation to relate nonlinear absorption to nonlinear refraction. 2 The results for ZnSe, for example, show the dominance of the ultrafast bound electronic Kerr effect at small delays, while the long-lived and cumulative free carrier refraction dominates at longer delays. Using exact nonlinear wave propagation analysis, we can identify and measure degenerate and nondegenerate coefficients of two-photon absorption and n 2 . In addition, the picosecond dynamics of the free-carrier nonlinearities (absorption, band filling) can also be investigated.
On robust time delay estimation in room acoustic environments (2015)

Time delay estimation, which serves as the first stage that feeds into subsequent processors for localizing and tracking radiating sources, has been an active research topic for decades. This paper deals with time delay estimation in room acoustic environments. The major focus is on developing algorithms that can achieve robust time delay estimates in reverberant and noisy environments. Three approaches are investigated, i.e., the blind channel identification based method, the multichannel cross correlation based technique, and a method based on the use of the Householder transformation. The first approach achieves its robustness with respect to reverberation by taking into account reverberation in the problem formulation; the second one improves the robustness by exploiting the redundancy provided by multiple microphones, and the third method attempts to separate noise and reverberation from the signal components. Experimental results are presented to illustrate their performance and pros and cons in room acoustic environments where reverberation and noise are commonly encountered.
Improved Frequency Measurement of a One-Dimensional Optical Lattice Clock with a Spin-Polarized Fermionic87Sr Isotope (2006)

We demonstrate a one-dimensional optical lattice clock with a spin-polarized fermionic isotope designed to realize a collision-shift-free atomic clock with neutral atom ensembles. To reduce systematic uncertainties, we developed both Zeeman shift and vector light-shift cancellation techniques. By introducing both an H-maser and a Global Positioning System (GPS) carrier phase link, the absolute frequency of the $^1S_0(F=9/2) - {}^3P_0(F=9/2)$ clock transition of the $^{87}$Sr optical lattice clock is determined as 429,228,004,229,875(4) Hz, where the uncertainty is mainly limited by that of the frequency link. The result indicates that the Sr lattice clock will play an important role in the scope of the redefinition of the ``second'' by optical frequency standards.
Evaluation of Glycemic Control Metrics for Intensive Care Unit Populations (2009)

Glycemic control is an important quality indicator in the management of intensive care unit patients. Tight glycemic control and/or insulin infusion protocols may reduce complications and improve outcomes in certain intensive care unit patients. Unfortunately, a consistent method of describing glycemic control has not been used for this population. A standardized metric is needed to adequately evaluate quality performance as well as interpret and apply the literature. The current glycemic control metrics such as mean, median, mean morning, hyperglycemic index, and time-weighted averages will be analyzed. The complexities associated with reporting glycemic control data for national quality performance will also be reviewed. The goal is to facilitate and propose the selection of a glycemic control metric for critically ill patients that can be universally applied in clinical trials and quality performance standards.
Multicast Beamformer Design for MIMO Coded Caching Systems (2022)

Coded caching (CC) techniques have been shown to be conveniently applicable in multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems. In a $K$-user network with spatial multiplexing gains of $L$ at the transmitter and $G$ at every receiver, if each user can cache a fraction $γ$ of the file library, a total number of $GKγ+ L$ data streams can be served in parallel. In this paper, we focus on improving the finite-SNR performance of MIMO-CC systems. We first consider a MIMO-CC scheme that relies only on unicasting individual data streams, and then, introduce a decomposition strategy to design a new scheme that delivers the same data streams through multicasting of $G$ parallel codewords. We discuss how optimized beamformers could be designed for each scheme and use numerical simulations to compare their finite-SNR performance. It is shown that while both schemes serve the same number of streams, multicasting provides notable performance improvements. This is because, with multicasting, transmission vectors are built with fewer beamformers, leading to more efficient usage of available power resources.
Turbo Equalization for High Baud-Rate Optical Transmission (2018)

We investigate turbo equalization based on fractionally spaced linear MMSE. Simulation results show that ∼50% increase of the transmitted net-bit rate for dual-polarization 4QAM and 16QAM systems can be achieved in a band-limited scenario.
Electrochemical co-deposition of sol–gel/carbon nanotube composite thin films for antireflection and non-linear optics (2014)

This work reports a method for electrodepositing sol–gel/CNT composite films. The deposition is highly selective to conductive surfaces, and the films exhibit non-linear optical properties and excellent antireflection performance.
Electrical and Performance Benefits of Advanced Monolithic Cooling for 2.5D Heterogeneous ICs (2021)

The rising prominence of heterogeneous integration, coupled with increase in device power, presents unique thermal challenges. Past work has demonstrated the benefits of mono-lithic microfluidic cooling for mitigating these in 2.5D ICs. In this paper, we evaluate the electrical performance benefits of this technology using finite element modeling and experimental demonstration on functional silicon. Ansys models show up to 23.3 × lower thermal coupling between the core chiplets in a CPU with microfluidic cooling compared to traditional air-cooled configurations. Finally, we demonstrate a micropin-fin heatsink etched on the backside of five chiplets in a 2.5D FPGA package and capped with 3D printed manifolds for fluid delivery. A 50.5 % increase in sustained power dissipation for similar die temperatures was achieved with the monolithic heatsink using a 52.5 °C DI water inlet, when compared to the stock cold-plate.
Policy transformation techniques in policy-based systems management (2004)

Policy based systems management provides a means for administrators, end-users and application developers to manage and dynamically change the behavior of computing systems. One advantage of policy-based management is that it simplifies and automates the administration of IT environments. A significant part of the simplification is obtained by allowing the system administrator to specify only the objectives or goals that are to be met, rather than having to specify detailed configuration parameters for each of the different devices in the system. It may not be obvious to the administrator how the goals can be achieved without having to know the internals of the system. This knowledge thus needs to be captured in the policy driven actions. The existing algorithms for mapping policy objectives to specific configuration details tend to be specific to each policy discipline. This makes the policy-based approach harder to deploy for new disciplines. In this paper, we address different types of policy transformations and propose methods, which are not discipline specific for mapping objectives to system configurations.
Photoinduced electron transfer from zinc meso-tetraphenylporphyrin to a one-dimensional perylenediimide aggregate: Probing anion delocalization effects (2019)

Organic photovoltaics incorporating non-fullerene acceptors based on perylenediimide (PDI) now rival fullerene acceptor-based devices in performance, although the mechanisms of charge generation in PDI-based devices are not yet fully understood. Fullerene-based systems are proposed to undergo electron transfer directly from the photoexcited donor into a band of delocalized acceptor states, thus increasing charge generation efficiency. Similarly, anion delocalization has been shown to enhance the rate of electron transfer from a photoexcited donor to two electronically coupled PDI acceptors. Here we investigate how additional electron acceptors may further increase the rate of electron transfer from the donor zinc meso-tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPP) to an aggregate of PDI acceptors (PDI[Formula: see text]. Femtosecond transient visible and mid-infrared absorption spectroscopies show that the rate of electron transfer from 1 *ZnTPP to the PDI assembly ZnTPP 2 -PDI 3 is statistically identical to that of the previously examined ZnTPP-PDI 2 . A Marcus theory analysis indicates that the parameters governing electron transfer are nearly identical for the two molecules, suggesting that the maximum electron transfer rate enhancement has been achieved in a cofacial PDI dimer because the ZnTPP directly couples to the first two PDI acceptors whereas the coupling to the third PDI is too weak.