gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Radioimmunoassay for GH-Release Inhibiting Hormone (1975)

The synthetic growth hormone release inhibiting hormone (GH-RIH) was conjugated with human serum globulin using glutaraldehyde and administered to rabbits. An antiserum thus generated 70% of 125I-Tyr1-GH-RIH. The binding was inhibited by unlabelled GH-RIH and the inhibition was dose-related, enabling us to establish a radioimmunoassay method for GH-RIH. The minimum detectable dose was 4 pg. A linearity was demonstrated for immunoreactive GH-RIH of extracts of rat and pig hypothalami, indicating that they contained substance(s) indistinguishable from GH-RIH. Various hypothalamic and pituitary hormones did not interfere with the radioimmunoassay, but considerable cross-reaction was observed for linear GH-RIH and the ring portion of GIH-RIH, suggesting that the antigenic determinant involved the amino acid sequence from position 3-14 of GH-RIH or part of it. Plasma protein appears to contain substance(s) immunologically indistinguishable from GH-RIH or to interfere, in a nonspecific manner, with the radioimmunoassay system for GH-RIH.
High-Throughput Epitope Binning Assays on Label-Free Array-Based Biosensors Can Yield Exquisite Epitope Discrimination That Facilitates the Selection of Monoclonal Antibodies with Functional Activity (2014)

Here, we demonstrate how array-based label-free biosensors can be applied to the multiplexed interaction analysis of large panels of analyte/ligand pairs, such as the epitope binning of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). In this application, the larger the number of mAbs that are analyzed for cross-blocking in a pairwise and combinatorial manner against their specific antigen, the higher the probability of discriminating their epitopes. Since cross-blocking of two mAbs is necessary but not sufficient for them to bind an identical epitope, high-resolution epitope binning analysis determined by high-throughput experiments can enable the identification of mAbs with similar but unique epitopes. We demonstrate that a mAb's epitope and functional activity are correlated, thereby strengthening the relevance of epitope binning data to the discovery of therapeutic mAbs. We evaluated two state-of-the-art label-free biosensors that enable the parallel analysis of 96 unique analyte/ligand interactions and nearly ten thousand total interactions per unattended run. The IBIS-MX96 is a microarray-based surface plasmon resonance imager (SPRi) integrated with continuous flow microspotting technology whereas the Octet-HTX is equipped with disposable fiber optic sensors that use biolayer interferometry (BLI) detection. We compared their throughput, versatility, ease of sample preparation, and sample consumption in the context of epitope binning assays. We conclude that the main advantages of the SPRi technology are its exceptionally low sample consumption, facile sample preparation, and unparalleled unattended throughput. In contrast, the BLI technology is highly flexible because it allows for the simultaneous interaction analysis of 96 independent analyte/ligand pairs, ad hoc sensor replacement and on-line reloading of an analyte- or ligand-array. Thus, the complementary use of these two platforms can expedite applications that are relevant to the discovery of therapeutic mAbs, depending upon the sample availability, and the number and diversity of the interactions being studied.
Laparoscopic Pneumoperitoneum: Impact of Body Habitus (1994)

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships among pneumoperitoneum pressure, CO2 insufflation volume, and patient height, weight, and body mass index. Forty-one male patients undergoing laparoscopic urologic procedures prospectively had a record made of the delivered volume of CO2 during insufflation to attain intraabdominal pressures of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 mm Hg. The relationship of the delivered volume of CO2 insufflated and the intraabdominal pressure was compared statistically to the patient height, weight, and body mass index. In addition, six domestic female pigs underwent pneumoperitoneum, and the abdominal volume was calculated for intraabdominal pressures of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 mm Hg. Four different commercially available 10-mm trocars were tested for force required for placement at intraabdominal pressures of 15 and 30 mm Hg. There was a direct relationship between delivered volume of CO2 insufflated and the pneumoperitoneum pressure. There was no significant relationship between the delivered volume of CO2 insufflated at a given intraabdominal pressure and the patient height, weight, or body mass index. During insufflation, 94% of the abdominal volume is achieved by insufflating to 15 mm Hg. There is no significant difference in the force required for insertion of different ports at 15 mm vs 30 mm Hg pressure. Increasing the abdominal pressure to 30 mm Hg provides a 50% increase in the volume of CO2 insufflated vs a standard 15 mm Hg pneumoperitoneum. However, this additional volume does not significantly change the actual abdominal volume or diminish the pressure necessary to insert a trocar.
Development and testing of an A-sized rapidly deployable navigation and communication GATEWAY buoy (2005)

A rapidly deployable intelligent GATEWAY buoy system, capable of both air and sea deployment, has been developed to aid in the navigation and communication of AUVs. The device is based around the A-sized standard and is able to be deployed from aircraft, helicopters, ships and submarines using pressure and gravity launch tubes, as well as charge-activated devices (CAD). The system consists of Florida Atlantic University and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute acoustic modems, both capable of providing LBL positioning, GPS WAAS, and RF communications. It utilizes a combined parachute and anchor, low drag inflatable buoy, and an intelligent scope adjusting mooring line spool. The design is based around a fire-and-forget methodology where the system is turned on and launched; no initial knowledge of the operating environment is needed. The interoperable acoustic communication system can be operated at ranges up to 3000 meters and achieve a true data rate of up to 860 bits-per-second using reliable spread-spectrum frequency modulation. The LBL positioning system operates sequentially and does not preclude acoustic communications. Switching between protocols (FAU or WHOI) is achieved through an automated process or requested through RF. The overall mechanical system is modular and compact. It is capable of operating in depths between 5 and 200 m, in sea states up to 3, and in currents up to 1.5 m/s. The mooring itself is versatile and able to hold the system stationary in bottom types ranging from mud and sand to broken rock and reef
Molecular reorientation of a nematic liquid crystal by thermal expansion (2012)

A unique feature of nematic liquid crystals is orientational order of molecules that can be controlled by electromagnetic fields, surface modifications and pressure gradients. Here we demonstrate a new effect in which the orientation of nematic liquid crystal molecules is altered by thermal expansion. Thermal expansion (or contraction) causes the nematic liquid crystal to flow; the flow imposes a realigning torque on the nematic liquid crystal molecules and the optic axis. The optical and mechanical responses activated by a simple temperature change can be used in sensing, photonics, microfluidic, optofluidic and lab-on-a-chip applications as they do not require externally imposed gradients of temperature, pressure, surface realignment, nor electromagnetic fields. The effect has important ramifications for the current search of the biaxial nematic phase as the optical features of thermally induced structural changes in the uniaxial nematic liquid crystal mimic the features expected of the biaxial nematic liquid crystal. The orientational order of nematic liquid crystals is a property that is controllable by external parameters such as electromagnetic fields and pressure gradients. Lavrentovich and co-workers demonstrate that thermal expansion can also induce orientational order that results in a flow of the liquid crystals.
Immunocytochemical detection of carcinoembryonic antigen in conventional histopathology specimens (1978)

The 3-step, unlabeled antibody, immunoperoxidase method for staining CEA in conventional histopathology sections was used to evaluate the presence of CEA in 950 different specimens, the vast majority of which were available as paraffin-embedded tissues fixed in formalin. The sensitivity of the method clearly discriminated between normal or nonmalignant, diseased tissues and neoplasms having increased quantities of CEA. Thus, tumors of epithelial origin, particularly adenocarcinomas or squamous cell carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract, bronchus, ovary, and cervix, were frequently prone to CEA staining. Among ovarian tumors, there appeared to be a distinct proclivity of CEA staining in mucinous as compared to serous cystadenocarcinomas. The only normal tissues showing CEA were colonic mucosae adjacent or near to benign or malignant tumors, suggesting CEA absorption from the neoplasm and not primarily de novo CEA biosynthesis. With the exception of inflammatory conditions of the colon, nonmalignant, diseased tissues did not have CEA demonstrable by this method. It is proposed that immunocytochemical staining of CEA in conventional tumor pathology sections can be used to discriminate those cases in which blood CEA titers need to be determined on a serial basis in order to monitor recurrence or progression, since a positive immunoperoxidase reaction for CEA in the primary tumor predicts well in many cases which patients will have a blood CEA value reflecting disease activity. Furthermore, the excellent correlation found for CEA staining between primary and metastatic tumors of the same cases suggests that the immunocytochemical method could have diagnostic potential for detecting micrometastatic spread of CEA-positive cancers to regional lymph nodes, thus aiding in the screening of regional lymph nodes of cancer patients.
Degradation-Mode Analysis for Highly Reliable GaN-HEMT (2007)

We analyzed the degradation mode of GaN-HEMTs. We observed the sudden degradation to make serious influence on the reliability. In this paper, we proposed a new approach to eliminate sudden-degradation devices. By measuring the gate leakage current before stress test, we can predict the sudden degradation. We also discussed the gate leakage current factor, for example, the surface hexagonal pits. Using this eliminating method, we could select the reliable devices with a life of over 1 times 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup> hours at high-temperature of 200degC.
Radical Additions of Xanthates to Vinyl Epoxides and Related Derivatives: A Powerful Tool for the Modular Creation of Quaternary Centers (2006)

Offene Beziehung: Die durch Triethylboran und O2 vermittelte Addition von Xanthaten an Vinylepoxide ist eine effiziente Methode zur Kohlenstoff-Kohlenstoff-Verknüpfung. Unter milden Bedingungen und mit leicht erhältlichen Reagentien können so komplexe Strukturen schnell, modular und konvergent aufgebaut werden (siehe Schema, Bn=Benzyl). Insbesondere die Bildung quartärer Zentren erwies sich als einfach. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2006/z601567_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Fractured Reservoirs: an Integrated Approach (2000)

Abstract The understanding of the flow network organization, and the ability to predict in 3D the distribution of fracture drains are hey points to enhancing well productivity, hydrocarbon recovery and therefore field productivity. Recent advances in fractured reservoir characterization and modeling have led to construct and very sophisticated software able to model local 3D fractured networks and run one phase flow simulations on explicit fracture models. The problem is how to take advantage of these advances and build more realistic 3D full field models to run multiple phase flow simulations. This paper proposes and integrated approach assigning reservoir of flow properties using results from pluriscale and multi-disciplinary steps. Its application on a case study largely contributed to a better understanding of flow behavior within reservoir.
Achieving the Welch Bound with Difference Sets (2006)

Consider a codebook containing N unit-norm complex vectors in a K-dimensional space. In a number of applications, the codebook that minimizes the maximal cross-correlation amplitude (I/sub max/) is often desirable. Relying on tools from combinatorial design theory, we construct analytically optimal codebooks meeting, in certain cases, Welch's lower bound. When analytical constructions are not available, we develop an efficient numerical search method based on Lloyd's algorithm, which leads to considerable improvement on the achieved I/sub max/ over existing alternatives. We also derive a composite lower bound on the minimum achievable I/sub max/ that is effective for any N.
7 &#x00D7; 224-Gb/s WDM transmission of reduced-guard-interval CO-OFDM with 16-QAM subcarrier modulation on a 50-GHz grid over 2000 km of ULAF and five ROADM passes (2010)

We demonstrate wavelength-division-multiplexed transmission of seven 224-Gb/s reduced-guard-interval CO-OFDM channels with 16-QAM subcarrier modulation on a 50-GHz grid, resulting in a net spectral efficiency of 4 b/s/Hz. Transmission over twenty 100-km ultra-large-area fiber spans and five wavelength-selective-switch passes is achieved.
Ultrawideband MIMO Channel Measurements and Modeling in a Warehouse Environment (2015)

This paper presents a detailed description of a propagation channel measurement campaign performed in a warehouse environment and provide a comprehensive channel model for this environment. Using a vector network analyzer, we explored both line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios over a 2-8 GHz frequency range. We extracted both small-scale and large-scale channel parameters such as distance-dependent path loss exponent, frequency-dependent path loss exponent, shadowing variance, and amplitude fading statistics of the channel. We also provide the clustering analysis of the channel impulse responses by using a modified Saleh-Valenzuela approach. Our model is validated by comparing the distributions of the root-mean-square (RMS) delay spread obtained from our model and measurement data, respectively. The model developed can be used for realistic performance evaluations of ultrawideband (UWB) communications and localization systems in warehouse environments.
The Hematoma Evacuation Score: Reducing Thirty-Day Postoperative Mortality in Intracranial Subdural and Epidural Hematomas (2019)

INTRODUCTION: Craniotomy and craniectomy are commonly performed for intracranial subdural and epidural hematoma evacuation and are associated with high mortality, due to the nature of the pathology. The authors developed the validated Hematoma Evacuation Score to identify patients at higher risk of 30-d mortality after craniotomy or craniectomy for subdural or epidural hematoma evacuation. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed on all patients who underwent craniotomy or craniectomy for subdural or epidural hematoma evacuation from the 2005 to 2015 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program. Outcomes included any morbidity, major complications, prolonged length of stay (LOS), and mortality. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to identify risk factors associated with mortality. The final Hematoma Evacuation Score was validated using bootstrap replications and area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) calculation. RESULTS: There were 3252 cases (supratentorial: 2943 and infratentorial: 309) of subdural or epidural hematoma evacuation. Odds of mortality were not significantly increased in infratentorial hematoma evacuation compared to supratentorial evacuation (OR: 1.18; 95% CI: 0.84-1.64; P = .35), and there were no significant differences for the other primary outcomes based on location of evacuation. Independent risk factors for mortality included: age, white race, diabetes, functional dependence, ventilator dependence, dialysis, disseminated cancer, bleeding disorder, emergency surgery, white blood cells (WBC) > 10.0, platelet count < 150, and INR > 1.2. The Hematoma Evacuation Score utilized these risk factors to predict mortality from 1.5% to 95.6% for scores ranging from 0 to 36, respectively (AUC = 0.83). CONCLUSION: The Hematoma Evacuation Score was derived as a validated tool for predicting 30-d mortality following craniotomy or craniectomy for subdural or epidural hematoma evacuation. It relies upon readily available preoperative risk factors and may assist with decision-making and counseling families on postoperative outcomes in patients who may have poor outcomes despite surgical intervention.
Beyond MPLS ... Less is More (2007)

Multiprotocol label switching possesses a simple data plane that has enabled new services and functions operating in many service provider networks. Yet, the MPLS control plane can impose both technical and operational challenges. This article explores these challenges and examines recent advances in IP routing technology suggesting that all services - including those that are MPLS-based - can be delivered over networks running only IP.
Amino acid substitution analysis of E. coli thymidylate synthase: The study of a highly conserved region at the N‐terminus (1992)

Amino acid substitution analysis within a highly conserved region of Escherichia coli thymidylate synthase (TS), using suppression of amber mutations by tRNA suppressors, has yielded a bank of 124 new mutationally altered TS proteins. These mutant proteins have been used to study the structure-function relationship of the Escherichia coli TS protein at the N-terminus corresponding to residues 20 through 35. This region contains a block of amino acids whose sequence has been well conserved among other known TS proteins from various organisms. Positions 20 through 25 contain a surface loop structure and positions 26 through 35 encompass a beta-strand. We find that residues surrounding a beta-bulge structure within the beta-strand are particularly sensitive to amino acid substitution, suggesting that this structure is maintained by a highly ordered packing arrangement. Three residues in the surface loop that are present at the base of the substrate binding pocket are also sensitive to amino acid substitution. The remainder of the conserved sites, including those at the dimer interface, are tolerant to most, if not all, of the substitutions tested.
Dualsteric Muscarinic Antagonists–Orthosteric Binding Pose Controls Allosteric Subtype Selectivity (2014)

Bivalent ligands of G protein-coupled receptors have been shown to simultaneously either bind to two adjacent receptors or to bridge different parts of one receptor protein. Recently, we found that bivalent agonists of muscarinic receptors can simultaneously occupy both the orthosteric transmitter binding site and the allosteric vestibule of the receptor protein. Such dualsteric agonists display a certain extent of subtype selectivity, generate pathway-specific signaling, and in addition may allow for designed partial agonism. Here, we want to extend the concept to bivalent antagonism. Using the phthal- and naphthalimide moieties, which bind to the allosteric, extracellular site, and atropine or scopolamine as orthosteric building blocks, both connected by a hexamethonium linker, we were able to prove a bitopic binding mode of antagonist hybrids for the first time. This is demonstrated by structure-activity relationships, site-directed mutagenesis, molecular docking studies, and molecular dynamics simulations. Findings revealed that a difference in spatial orientation of the orthosteric tropane moiety translates into a divergent M2/M5 subtype selectivity of the corresponding bitopic hybrids.
Learning a Metric Embedding for Face Recognition using the Multibatch Method (2016)

This work is motivated by the engineering task of achieving a near state-of-the-art face recognition on a minimal computing budget running on an embedded system. Our main technical contribution centers around a novel training method, called Multibatch, for similarity learning, i.e., for the task of generating an invariant "face signature" through training pairs of "same" and "not-same" face images. The Multibatch method first generates signatures for a mini-batch of $k$ face images and then constructs an unbiased estimate of the full gradient by relying on all $k^2-k$ pairs from the mini-batch. We prove that the variance of the Multibatch estimator is bounded by $O(1/k^2)$, under some mild conditions. In contrast, the standard gradient estimator that relies on random $k/2$ pairs has a variance of order $1/k$. The smaller variance of the Multibatch estimator significantly speeds up the convergence rate of stochastic gradient descent. Using the Multibatch method we train a deep convolutional neural network that achieves an accuracy of $98.2\%$ on the LFW benchmark, while its prediction runtime takes only $30$msec on a single ARM Cortex A9 core. Furthermore, the entire training process took only 12 hours on a single Titan X GPU.
IBM’s Health Analytics and Clinical Decision Support (2014)

Big data is an inevitable part of the future of healthcare. There is a compelling need to manage and use big data to make better decisions to support the transformation of healthcare to the personalized, evidence-supported model of the future. Cognitive computing resources are necessary to manage the challenges in employing big data in healthcare. Such tools have been and are being developed. The analytic resources, themselves, do not drive, but support healthcare transformation.
Nano - imagerie vectorielle photochimique de plasmons de surface localisés (2007)

International audience
n→π* Interactions of Amides and Thioamides: Implications for Protein Stability (2013)

Carbonyl-carbonyl interactions between adjacent backbone amides have been implicated in the conformational stability of proteins. By combining experimental and computational approaches, we show that relevant amidic carbonyl groups associate through an n→π* donor-acceptor interaction with an energy of at least 0.27 kcal/mol. The n→π* interaction between two thioamides is 3-fold stronger than between two oxoamides due to increased overlap and reduced energy difference between the donor and acceptor orbitals. This result suggests that backbone thioamide incorporation could stabilize protein structures. Finally, we demonstrate that intimate carbonyl interactions are described more completely as donor-acceptor orbital interactions rather than dipole-dipole interactions.