gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Direct patterning of self-assembled nanocrystal monolayers by electron beams (2001)

We demonstrate a method for laterally patterning metal nanocrystal monolayers. Extended monolayers are first self-assembled onto a solid substrate. Direct electron-beam exposure is then used to strip the dodecanethiol ligand coating from the nanocrystal cores, enabling the cores to stick to the underlying substrate. During a subsequent washing step in a solvent mixture, nanocrystals from the unexposed regions are removed and floated off, leaving behind the desired pattern.
IDENTIFICATION OF THE NARE AUTO-ADP-RIBOSYLATION SITE (2010)

ADP-ribose-transfer enzymes catalyze the attachment of the ADP-ribose group of β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) to specific amino-acids (Arg, Cys, Asn, Thr) with simultaneous release of nicotinamide (nam). In eukaryotes ADP-ribosyltransferases (ARTs) are a family of enzyme composed of five members ART1-5. In prokaryotes mono-ADP-ribosylation is also a mechanism for bacterial pathogenesis, represented by a well characterized family of ADP-ribosylating toxins. NarE (Neisseria ADP-ribosylating enzyme) has been identified by a computational approach in the strain MC58 of the Gram-negative aerobic-anareobic facoltative N. meningitidis&#13;\nNarE, like other ADP-ribose-transfer enzymes, is able to ADP-ribosylate arginine and small guanidine compounds like agmatine and to hydrolase NAD in ADP-ribose and nicotinamide (nam) in the absence of the ADP-ribose acceptor. Toxins like ExoS from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, CT from Vibrio Cholerae and the mammalian ART2, ART5 exert the ability to recognize themselves as substrate, so we wonder whether NarE as well retains the ability to ADP-ribosylate itself.
Two-particle Bose–Einstein correlations in pp collisions at $$\mathbf {\sqrt{s} =}$$ s = 0.9 and 7 TeV measured with the ATLAS detector (2015)

The paper presents studies of Bose-Einstein Correlations (BEC) for pairs of like-sign charged particles measured in the kinematic range [Formula: see text] 100 MeV and [Formula: see text] 2.5 in proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 0.9 and 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The integrated luminosities are approximately 7 [Formula: see text]b[Formula: see text], 190 [Formula: see text]b[Formula: see text] and 12.4 nb[Formula: see text] for 0.9 TeV, 7 TeV minimum-bias and 7 TeV high-multiplicity data samples, respectively. The multiplicity dependence of the BEC parameters characterizing the correlation strength and the correlation source size are investigated for charged-particle multiplicities of up to 240. A saturation effect in the multiplicity dependence of the correlation source size parameter is observed using the high-multiplicity 7 TeV data sample. The dependence of the BEC parameters on the average transverse momentum of the particle pair is also investigated.
Long-lifetime holographic memories for optical communication systems (2001)

The successful issues of long-lifetime stability and thermal shock robustness in photorefractive LiNbO3 holographic memories for 1550 nm communication systems are here experimentally demonstrated, granting the possibility to build up ready-to-use products for telecom networks.
Integrating enterprise information models in Carnot (2002)

The authors describe a method for integrating separately developed information models. The models may be the schemas of databases, frame systems of knowledge bases, domain models of business environments, or process models of business operations. The method achieves integration at a semantic level by using an existing global ontology to develop semantic mappings among resources and resolve inconsistencies. The method is incorporated in a graphical integration tool. The integrated models provide a coherent picture of an enterprise and enable its resources to be accessed and modified coherently.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Acute promyelocytic leukaemia is characterized by stable incidence and improved survival that is restricted to patients managed in leukaemia referral centres: a pan-Canadian epidemiological study (2014)

Timely diagnosis and care are major determinants of the outcome in acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL), a malignancy whose incidence may be increasing. The Canadian Cancer Registry (CCR) and health system represent valuable settings to study APL epidemiology. We analysed the CCR, which contains data on all Canadians with APL. To provide clinical information lacking in the CCR, we obtained data from five leukaemia referral centres during a similar time period. Between 1993 and 2007, there were 399 APL in Canada. Age-standardized incidence was 0·083/100,000 and was stable over time. The early death (ED) rate was 21·8% (10·6% in patients <50 years old and 35·5% for those aged >50 years), with no improvement over time. Five-year overall survival (OS) was 54·6% (73·3% in patients <50 years; 29·1% older patients). In the referral cohort, 131 patients were diagnosed between 1999 and 2010. ED was 14·6% and 2-year OS was 76·5%. Within this cohort, ED and OS improved over time, although advanced patient age remained an adverse determinant of OS. In Canada, APL incidence is unexpectedly low and temporally stable. ED was higher than reported in clinical trials, but similar to reports from other registries. In contrast, ED was lower in referral centres and improved with time.
TEM Observation on Single Defect in SiC (2002)

Silicon carbide (SiC) is a wide bandgap semiconductor with outstanding properties, such as high thermal conductivity, high electric breakdown voltage, and high carrier saturation velocity, making it an attractive candidate for potential applications in high-power, high-temperature and highfrequency electronic devices. As an IV-IV compound semiconductor, the crystal structure of SiC can be described in terms of an assembly of corner-sharing tetrahedra. In each tetrahedron, an atom of carbon (or silicon) at the centroid is bonded to four atoms of silicon (or carbon) at the corners. SiC exhibits a number of structural variants called polytypes. The most common polytypes of SiC are 6H, 4H, 3C and 15R (Ramsdell's notation) with C, H, and R representing cubic, hexagonal and rhombohedral structure, respectively, and the numbers denoting the periodicity of tetrahedral along c-axis of the crystal. The bandgap of SiC increases in proportion to its "hexagonality" (from 2.2 eV for 3C to 3.2 eV for 2H). In the past two decades, the technology for the SiC crystal growth has been improved, including bulk growth, epitaxial growth and heteroepitaxial growth. The investigations of defects in the crystals and electronic devices are indeed of fundamental importance, since the presence of defects affects the crystal physical properties and performance of devices.
An efficient stereoselective synthesis of .DELTA.4,5-pipecolic esters (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn efficient stereoselective synthesis of .DELTA.4,5-pipecolic estersSteven R. Angle, J. Guy Breitenbucher, and Damian O. ArnaizCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 22, 5947–5955Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00048a030https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00048a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views435Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
BRCA1 Represses Amphiregulin Gene Expression (2010)

BRCA1, the breast cancer- and ovarian cancer-specific tumor suppressor, can be a transcriptional repressor or a transcriptional activator, depending on the promoter context. To identify the genes activated or repressed by BRCA1, we have analyzed microarray results from cells depleted of BRCA1 and revealed a number of genes regulated by BRCA1 on the level of transcription. Among the genes repressed by BRCA1, we have identified amphiregulin (AREG) and early growth response-1 (EGR1). Results indicate that BRCA1 regulates AREG transcription directly through binding to the AREG promoter, however, we could not detect BRCA1 on the EGR1 promoter, suggesting that EGR1 is indirectly regulated by BRCA1. In an attempt to identify the mechanism of the AREG transcriptional repression by BRCA1, we have mapped two independent BRCA1 response elements on the AREG located at positions -202/-182 and +19/+122. BRCA1 depletion leads to induction of the AREG protein. Taken together, our data build the connection between BRCA1 loss of function and AREG upregulation-a change in gene expression often observed in breast cancer.
A Potential Inhibitory Role for the New Truncated Variant of Somatostatin Receptor 5, sst5TMD4, in Pituitary Adenomas Poorly Responsive to Somatostatin Analogs (2010)

These results indicate that sst5TMD4 is related to the reduced ability of octreotide at normalizing hormone secretion in poorly responsive tumors in vivo. Further studies will help to evaluate the potential use of sst5TMD4 expression in surgically removed pituitary adenomas as a predictor of the subsequent response of different pituitary tumors to SSA therapy.
Spatial error concealment of corrupted image data using frequency selective extrapolation (2004)

The paper introduces a method for spatial error concealment of lost image data in erroneous image transmission. The image content of the correctly received surrounding blocks is successively approximated by a weighted linear combination of basis functions and the missing block is obtained by extrapolation. An implementation in the frequency domain allows an efficient realization. Investigations show that particularly 2D DFT basis functions are suited for signal extrapolation in order to be able to reconstruct both monotone areas and edges.
IRE1β does not affect mucus secretion during allergic asthma development in a house dust mite murine model (2021)

Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A digital hygrometer (1988)

A digital hygrometer using a polyimide capacitive humidity sensor is developed. The capacitance change of the sensor due to adsorption of water vapor in the atmosphere is detected by a switched-capacitor digital capacitance bridge controlled by a one-chip microcomputer and is displayed as relative humidity with 0.1% resolution. The accuracy of the hygrometer calibrated by a two-point method is solely determined by the temperature dependence and the long-term drift of the dielectric sensitivity of the sensor and is estimated to be 2%.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Noninvasive detection and monitoring of regional myocardial ischemia in situ using depth-resolved 31P NMR spectroscopy. (1985)

Phosphorus (31P) NMR spectra showing the relative concentrations of phosphocreatine, ATP, and Pi were recorded noninvasively from localized regions in the left ventricles of dog hearts in situ by using depth-resolved surface-coil spectroscopy at 1.5 T. Proton (1H) NMR surface-coil imaging was used to position 31P NMR coils and to determine the location of depth-resolved volumes immediately prior to 31P examination. Occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery produced regional ischemia detected as changes in the ratios of phosphocreatine, ATP, and Pi and by changes in the pH measured from the spectra. Spectral changes were not typically observed in regions adjacent to ischemic myocardium. Reperfusion produced some recovery, and ventricular fibrillation resulted in deterioration in high-energy metabolites. The location and size of ischemic tissue was measured by single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) and gamma-ray counting or by staining excised hearts. The technique should permit the long-term noninvasive monitoring of the metabolic response of the heart to pathologic processes and allow assessment of interventions.
Biocidal nanofibers via electrospinning (2012)

Abstract To achieve biocidal properties, a cyclic N ‐halamine precursor, 7,7,9,9‐tetramethyl‐1,3,8‐triazaspiro[4.5]‐decane‐2,4‐dione (TTDD), was synthesized and introduced into nanosized polyacrylonitrile fibrous mat by an electrospinning technique. It was rendered antimicrobial by exposure to dilute hypochlorite solution. Synthesis routes and characterization data are presented. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated that the ultrafine fiber possessed average diameter 414 nm (from 240 to 650 nm). The chlorinated nanofibrous composites provided about 4.9 log reductions of both Gram‐positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) and Gram‐negative bacteria Escherichia coli O157:H7 (ATCC 43895) within 5 min of contact time. This is indicative of promising possible applications in the filtration of water and air. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Table S4 from Intertumoral Heterogeneity of CD3<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T-Cell Densities in the Microenvironment of DNA Mismatch-Repair–Deficient Colon Cancers: Implications for Prognosis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S4. Identification of optimal cutpoint in CD3+ T-cell densities at the invasive margin (CD3+IM) to distinguish overall survival in mismatch repair-deficient stage IIII colon cancers&lt;/p&gt;
Long-term solutions for the problem of vaccine shortages (2004)

During the past few years, vaccine shortage has been a serious problem affecting both developed and developing countries. The explanation is linked to the poor economic value associated with vaccines. Although every year the routine use of vaccines saves millions of lives, the economic value associated with them is negligible, especially if compared with the pharmaceutical market. This situation disincentives private investment, which prefers to focus on more profitable business. To overcome these problems, it is essential to recognise that the intangible value of vaccination (the value of being alive and healthy) represents the real value provided by vaccines. If the intangible value were to be included in the vaccine price, vaccines would become as attractive as other pharmaceuticals. While waiting for a long-term sustainable solution, public-private partnerships represent a way to increase vaccine value awareness and to decrease the risk for vaccine manufacturers. This article will provide examples of how public-private partnerships both in developed and developing countries have been established to handle specific problems concerning vaccination.
Harmonization of Neuroticism and Extraversion phenotypes across inventories and cohorts in the Genetics of Personality Consortium: an application of Item Response Theory (2014)

Mega- or meta-analytic studies (e.g. genome-wide association studies) are increasingly used in behavior genetics. An issue in such studies is that phenotypes are often measured by different instruments across study cohorts, requiring harmonization of measures so that more powerful fixed effect meta-analyses can be employed. Within the Genetics of Personality Consortium, we demonstrate for two clinically relevant personality traits, Neuroticism and Extraversion, how Item-Response Theory (IRT) can be applied to map item data from different inventories to the same underlying constructs. Personality item data were analyzed in >160,000 individuals from 23 cohorts across Europe, USA and Australia in which Neuroticism and Extraversion were assessed by nine different personality inventories. Results showed that harmonization was very successful for most personality inventories and moderately successful for some. Neuroticism and Extraversion inventories were largely measurement invariant across cohorts, in particular when comparing cohorts from countries where the same language is spoken. The IRT-based scores for Neuroticism and Extraversion were heritable (48 and 49 %, respectively, based on a meta-analysis of six twin cohorts, total N = 29,496 and 29,501 twin pairs, respectively) with a significant part of the heritability due to non-additive genetic factors. For Extraversion, these genetic factors qualitatively differ across sexes. We showed that our IRT method can lead to a large increase in sample size and therefore statistical power. The IRT approach may be applied to any mega- or meta-analytic study in which item-based behavioral measures need to be harmonized.
Iterative Object and Part Transfer for Fine-Grained Recognition (2017)

The aim of fine-grained recognition is to identify sub-ordinate categories in images like different species of birds. Existing works have confirmed that, in order to capture the subtle differences across the categories, automatic localization of objects and parts is critical. Most approaches for object and part localization relied on the bottom-up pipeline, where thousands of region proposals are generated and then filtered by pre-trained object/part models. This is computationally expensive and not scalable once the number of objects/parts becomes large. In this paper, we propose a nonparametric data-driven method for object and part localization. Given an unlabeled test image, our approach transfers annotations from a few similar images retrieved in the training set. In particular, we propose an iterative transfer strategy that gradually refine the predicted bounding boxes. Based on the located objects and parts, deep convolutional features are extracted for recognition. We evaluate our approach on the widely-used CUB200-2011 dataset and a new and large dataset called Birdsnap. On both datasets, we achieve better results than many state-of-the-art approaches, including a few using oracle (manually annotated) bounding boxes in the test images.
최근 초고층 아파트의 단위세대 평면계획특성에 관한 연구 (2002)

기존의 아파트는 단위세대 평면이 획일적이고, 고정화되는 문제점을 안고 있었다. 오늘날 주요구와 생활양식이 다양해지면서 다양한 평면개발의 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 본 연구는 아파트의 다양한 평면개발을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위하여 분양가 자율화 이후 서울 및 수도권에 공급된 초고층 아파트와 주상복합 아파트를 연구한다. 먼저 기존 아파트와 초고층 아파트를 비교하여 일반적 특성을 파악하고, 기존 아파트의 사례분석항목을 중심으로 초고층 아파트 단위세대 평면의 특성을 파악한다. 그리고, 초고층 아파트 단위세대 평면의 특성에 대한 원인을 추출하여 다양화를 위한 전제조건으로 제시한다. 그 결과 초고층 아파트 단위세대 평면의 특성은 평면계획개념으로 귀결되고, 평면계획개념은 Privacy 확보, 조망중시, 개방감 확보, 주생활양식/주요구의 대응, 그리고 환경 중시로 나타났다.
Adaptive Power Allocation for HARQ with Chase Combining in Correlated Rayleigh Fading Channels (2014)

We consider the problem of minimizing the packet drop probability (PDP) under an average transmit power constraint for Chase combining (CC)-based hybrid-automatic repeat request (HARQ) schemes in correlated Rayleigh fading channels. We propose a method to find a solution to the non-convex optimization problem using an exact expression of the outage probability. However, the complexity of this method is high. Therefore, we propose an alternative approach in which we use an asymptotically equivalent expression for the outage probability and reformulate it as a geometric programming problem (GPP), which can be efficiently solved using convex optimization algorithms.
Acidogenic microbial species diversity in anaerobic digesters treating different substrates (1994)

Microbial species diversity was determined for the acidogenic populations of four different digesters treating landfill leachate, a petrochemical effluent and sewage. The digesters were a downflow fixed-bed, conventional, cold conventional and an upflow hybrid design. The 288 strains isolated from the digesters were characterized using API test systems and identifications confirmed using current taxonomic methods. The taxonomic diversity was determined using the Shannon (H′) and equitability (J′) indices. The species from the four digesters were very similar with the exception of those from the digester treating the landfill leachate. The higher diversity in the latter was probably due to the diverse composition of the leachate, suggesting that members of this population were more generalists, as opposed to the more narrowly constrained members in the other three digesters. The data indicated that in a digester environment dominated by a more specific carbon containing effluent, like a petrochemical effluent, the population becomes stenotolerant and is characterized by a lower species diversity. Such a population would not be able to cope as well with environmental fluctuations. With a more diverse substrate like the landfill leachate, generalists, having a wider range for environmental variables, would dominate. This is important in terms of anaerobic digester process efficiency and stability.
A study of switching state segmentation in segmental switching linear Gaussian hidden Markov models for robust speech recognition (2005)

In our previous works, a switching linear Gaussian hidden Markov model (SLGHMM) and its segmental derivative, SSLGHMM, were proposed to cast the problem of modeling a noisy speech utterance in robust automatic speech recognition by a well-designed dynamic Bayesian network. An important issue of SSLGHMM is how to specify a switching state value for each frame of the feature vector in a given speech utterance. In this paper, we propose several approaches for addressing this issue and compare their performance on Aurora3 connected digit recognition tasks.
The Effects of Injector Targeting and Fuel Volatility on Fuel Dynamics in a PFI Engine During Warm-up: Part II - Modeling Results (1998)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The effects of injector targeting and fuel volatility on transient fuel dynamics were studied with a comprehensive quasi-dimensional model and compared with experimental results from Part I of this report (&lt;span class="xref"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;). The model includes the transient, convective vaporization of four multi-component fuel films coupled with a transient thermal warm-up model for realistic valve, port and cylinder temperatures (&lt;span class="xref"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span class="xref"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;). Two injector targetings were analyzed, first with the fuel impacting the intake valve and in addition, the fuel impacting the port floor directly in front of the intake valve. The model demonstrates the importance of both component temperature and fuel impaction area on fuel vaporization, transient air fuel ratio (AFR) response and the amount of liquid fuel entering the cylinder. Generally, a smaller injector footprint area will lead to more liquid fuel entering the cylinder even if the spray is targeted at the back of the intake valve. The model results confirm that the lighter fuel components are preferentially vaporized and burned during a cold start and the heavier fuel components have a longer time response during a transient and are preferentially stored in both the port and cylinder. The model predicted AFR response as a function of both fuel volatility and injector targeting closely matches that found experimentally and the model provides additional insight into the physical processes important in PFI fuel preparation.&lt;/div&gt;