gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stable diode lasers for hydrogen precision spectroscopy (2008)

We report on an external cavity diode laser at 972 nmstabilized to a mid-plane mounted Fabry-Perot (FP) resonator with afinesse of 400000. The 0.5 Hz optical beat note line width betweentwo similar lasers (Allan deviation 2 × 10-15) is limitedby thermal noise properties of two independent FP resonators. Thelong term drift of the FP resonator and mirror substrates made fromUltra-Low-Expansion glass (ULE) is small and can be well predictedon time intervals up to many hours if the resonator is stabilized atthe zero thermal expansion temperature Tc. Using a Peltierelement in a vacuum chamber for temperature stabilization allowsstabilization of the FP cavity to Tc which is usually below theroom temperature. Beat note measurements with a femtosecond opticalfrequency comb referenced to a H-maser during 15 hours have shown awell defined linear drift of the FP resonance frequency of about 60 mHz/s with residual frequency excursions of less than ±20 Hz.
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLIC WATER DECOMPOSITION BY VISIBLE LIGHT: DRASTIC INCREASE IN THE YIELD OF HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN WITH DIFUNCTIONAL REDOX CATALYSTS (1980)

Abstract Ein neuer Katalysator aus R1102 (0.l%) in n‐TiOz (Nb‐dotiert), das mit Pt‐Partikeln beladen wird, zersetzt Wasser unter Lichteinwirkung mit erstaunlich hoher Quantenausbeute.
Enhanced RACE method using specific enrichment by biotinylated oligonucleotides bound to streptavidin coated magnetic particles (1997)

RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends) is commonly used for identification and isolation of 3'and 5'termini of cDNA. We developed an improvement of the RACE-method that allows the enrichment of wanted fragments. The important new feature is the purification of the amplified products by biotinylated oligonucleotides that hybridize internally. Hybrids are isolated by streptavidin coated magnetic particles.
A combination of a functional motif model and a structural motif model for a database validation (2002)

The paper reports results obtained from a study on database validation concerning a leucine zipper motif, utilizing both a functional motif model and a structural motif model. As an example for this method, a leucine zipper motif is chosen, which is a subsequence consisting of two twisted alpha helix sequences and preceded by a DNA binding site. For a functional motif model, an HMM (hidden Markov model) which is trained with leucine zipper subsequences is employed. For a structural motif model, a neural network which is trained to classify an alpha helix region, is employed. Because only 122 such leucine zipper sequences are an the Swiss Protein database (R.22), there is a possibility that the HMM could not learn the general mechanism for helical structures completely. Therefore, a structural motif model for an alpha helix is utilized to eliminate non-helical sequences. Fortunately, there are numerous secondary structures' examples available in the PDB database. All polypeptides in the Swiss Protein database v.22 are examined with a combination of an HMM and a neural network. For predicting a leucine zipper region, an HMM achieved 92.301 percent and improved up to 92.411 percent by combining a neural network.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Technology Demonstration of a Megawatt-Class Integrated Motor Drive for Aircraft Propulsion (2023)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2023-4157.vid While continued propulsion system and turbomachinery improvements are necessary, they are not sufficient to address the 2050 aviation sustainability goals. Without intervention aviation will emit a cumulative total of over 20 billion tons of CO2 by then. An ambitious target is to achieve a net-zero economy by 2050. The step change achievements needed to address the climate grand challenge are unconventional aircraft configurations with integrated and distributed propulsion systems, thermal management of high power-density rotating machinery, advanced high temperature materials, reduced, but safe, engineering and operability margins for improved performance, alternative energy carriers, smart and flexible fuel systems, and key enabling technology demonstrations. Independent of the energy carrier (battery, SAF, H2, NH3), MW class electrical machines will play a key role in greening aviation. To address the climate and sustainability grand challenge, a high specific power fully air-cooled 1MW electrical machine is being developed, conceived to advance electrified aviation but also suitable for other ground-based applications. One application is integration in an aero-engine as a motor-drive for turbo-electric propulsion. The emphasis of this project is on risk mitigation experiments and technology demonstration of a 1 MW integrated motor drive with performance estimates exceeding the NASA 2030 goals.
Cardiovascular Collapse Caused by Electrocardiographically Silent 60-Hz Intracardiac Leakage Current (1999)

Leakage current causes cardiovascular collapse at levels below the VF threshold. Stimulation by silent AC that is neither felt nor visible on the ECG presents as hypotensive VT. In patients with intracardiac electrodes, leakage current less than or equal to the present standard of 50 microA may cause VT or VF. The safety standard for leakage current lasting >/=5 seconds should be </=20 microA. This standard should be based on the continuous-capture threshold.
Degradation of ciprofloxacin by TiO2/Fe2O3/zeolite catalyst-activated persulfate under visible LED light irradiation (2017)

The (4)TiFeZ catalyst exhibited better performance for CIP removal compared with the other samples. The CIP was completely degraded in 120 min by using 1 g L<sup>−1</sup> (4)TiFeZ and 5.0 mM PS at pH 7.0.
A New Bidirectional AC-link Microinverter Based On Dual Active Bridge Topology (2019)

AC link inverters have advantage that it doesn't require bulky decoupling capacitor unlike DC link inverters. A bidirectional single stage DC-AC converter is highly suitable for integrating batteries and renewable sources to the grid or standalone AC load. In this paper, a novel bidirectional AC link micro inverter has been proposed which is constructed based on the principles of dual active bridge converter. The synthesis of sinusoidal output is achieved by applying new composite modulation schemes that utilizes fundamental modulation schemes used in dual active bridge converter. Outpuit rms power can be controlled by the sine PWM and the phase shift between the DC and AC bridges. The proposed converter and modulation scheme is analyzed and simulation in PSIM environment. Finally a prototype was built and the proposed converter was experimentally verified.
Cost effective, industrially viable production of Fe2O3 nanoparticles from laterites and its adsorption capability (2019)

Laterite is an iron-rich earth material containing naturally occurring minerals such as hematite (Fe2O3), magnetite (Fe3O4), goethite (Fe3+O(OH)), gibbsite (Al(OH)3) and kaolinite (Al2Si2O5(OH)4). Even though these laterites are negligibly used as a cheap raw material in the brick manufacturing industry, they could be used in the synthesis of advanced materials including iron oxide nanoparticles and nanocomposites for a broad range of applications. Therefore, for the first time, this study focuses on the synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles using laterites as a cheap raw material. In this method, first, iron and aluminium components of laterites were extracted into hydrochloric acid as their corresponding metallic ions. The extracted solution was then, mixed with sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and the mixture was added dropwise to a basic solution maintaining the pH around 14 while stirring. The obtained ferric hydroxide nanoparticles were calcined to obtain iron oxide nanoparticles. The obtained nanoparticles were spherical shaped particles in the particle size range of 20-50 nm. These nanoparticles are characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Furthermore, these synthesized nanoparticles showed superior adsorption capacity of Cr3+ ions from an aqueous solution, demonstrating its ability to remove heavy metals, which is a crucial factor for water filtration applications.
PicPrint: Embedding pictures in additive manufacturing (2017)

Here we present PicPrint, a method and tool for producing an additively manufactured lithophane, enabling transferring and embedding 2D information into additively manufactured 3D objects. The method takes an input image and converts it to a corresponding height‐map, indicating the material density required to achieve a brightness specified at any given location. Non‐linear scattering properties are compensated for using predefined falloff profiles. Using the produced height‐map, a watertight mesh is distorted to match the specified material densities, after which the mesh is ready for either direct print on an additive manufacturing system, or transfer to other geometries via Boolean mesh operations.
A biologic scaffold–associated type 2 immune microenvironment inhibits tumor formation and synergizes with checkpoint immunotherapy (2019)

Biomaterials in regenerative medicine are designed to mimic and modulate tissue environments to promote repair. Biologic scaffolds (derived from decellularized tissue extracellular matrix) promote a wound-healing (proregenerative) immune phenotype and are used clinically to treat tissue loss, including in the context of tumor resection. It is unknown whether a biomaterial microenvironment that encourages tissue formation may also promote tumor development. We implanted a urinary bladder matrix (UBM) scaffold, which is used clinically for wound management, with syngeneic cancer cell lines in mice to study how wound-healing immune responses affect tumor formation and sensitivity to immune checkpoint blockade. The UBM scaffold created an immune microenvironment that inhibited B16-F10 melanoma tumor formation in a CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell-dependent and macrophage-dependent manner. In-depth immune characterization revealed an activated type 2-like immune response that was distinct from the classical tumor microenvironment, including activated type 2 T helper T cells, a unique macrophage phenotype, eosinophil infiltration, angiogenic factors, and complement. Tumor growth inhibition by PD-1 and PD-L1 checkpoint blockade was potentiated in the UBM scaffold immune microenvironment. Engineering the local tumor microenvironment to promote a type 2 wound-healing immune signature may serve as a therapeutic target to improve immunotherapy efficacy.
Timing of Fetal Meconium Absorption by Amnionic Macrophages (2008)

This study sought to determine the time interval from fetal defecation to membrane staining and subsequent meconium uptake by amnionic macrophages. Pieces of external membranes were fastened to Teflon rings to create a well. The amnionic surface was exposed to meconium and amniotic fluid for 1 to 48 hours and analyzed microscopically for the presence of free meconium and meconium-laden amnionic macrophages. In each of the experiments, prior to the 12-hour time point, few meconium-laden macrophages were present in the membrane layers. A significant rise in the number of meconium-laden macrophages and a concomitant increase in staining intensity was noted in the membranes at 24 and 48 hours. Contrary to previous reports, our in vitro model of meconium incorporation into placental membranes demonstrated that significant numbers of meconium-laden macrophages were only observed after 24 and 48 hours.
Amyloid Beta Peptide Is an Endogenous Negative Allosteric Modulator of Leptin Receptor (2020)

Our data indicate that Aβ is a negative allosteric modulator of LepR, resulting in impaired leptin action, and qualify LepR as a new and direct target of Aβ oligomers. Preventing the interaction of Aβ with LepR might improve both the metabolic and cognitive dysfunctions in AD condition.
Evaluation of a novel MUC1 biomarker/target antigen for pancreatic cancer (2006)

4096 Background: Pancreatic cancer provides a major challenge in terms of diagnosis and treatment. We have developed an anti-MUC1 MAb, PAM4, which identifies an epitope that is more restricted to MUC1-expressed by pancreatic cancer than MUC1 from other forms of cancer. PAM4 has been studied for in vitro and in vivo detection and therapy of pancreatic cancer. Methods: The in vitro immunoassay consists of PAM4 as the capture reagent and an IgG fraction derived from a polyclonal, anti-MUC1 antiserum as the probe. For in vivo detection and therapy, PAM4 is either directly radiolabeled or used in a 2-step pretargeting protocol. Results: The PAM4-based immunoassay provided high sensitivity (77%) and specificity (95%), with a value ≥ 10.2 units/ml indicating a high likelihood of pancreatic cancer, as compared to normal and benign disease groups and non-pancreatic cancers. A direct pairwise comparison of the PAM4 and CA19–9 immunoassays for discrimination of pancreatic cancer and pancreatitis demonstrated a superior performance of the PAM4-immunoassay (P&lt;0.003). Initial clinical studies with directly labeled 131 I-PAM4 provided positive imaging in 8/10 patients, with one negative patient having only pancreatitis, and the other negative patient having a tumor that was MUC1-negative. A Phase I, dose-escalation study of 90 Y-humanized PAM4 administered as a single dose to patients with advanced pancreatic cancer is in progress (Immunomedics, Inc), and has already achieved doses of 20 mCi/m 2 . Finally, pretargeting involving a bispecific MAb with one arm being PAM4 targeting MUC1 and the other arm capturing a hapten peptide carrying a radionuclide is under preclinical evaluation. This second generation targeting system has shown higher tumor/nontumor ratios and improved imaging ( 111 In) as compared to directly radiolabeled PAM4. Conclusions: These results suggest that the PAM4-reactive MUC1 epitope may prove useful as a selective biomarker/target antigen for diagnosis, detection, imaging, and therapy of pancreatic cancer. (Supported in part by grants CA96924and CA98488 from the NIH). [Table: see text]
To search or to ask (2014)

In status message question asking (SMQA), members of social networking sites make use of status messages to express information needs to friends and contacts. We present findings from a laboratory study that examined 82 participants' SMQA behaviors in the broader context of online information seeking. When given the option of using a search engine and/or a social network, participants leveraged SMQA for 20% of their information needs, most often posing a question to their network in addition to issuing a query. We show the important roles played by the specificity of the information need and the perceived audience of a given network on routing decisions. We then demonstrate that routing decisions have varied effects on participants' satisfaction, information value, and trust of outcomes. In addition to highlighting the complementary advantages and disadvantages of search and SMQA, our findings suggest that search engines can better address a meaningful portion of people's information needs by integrating SMQA capabilities into their systems.
Resonator-Length Dependence of Electron-Beam-Pumped UV-A GaN-Based Lasers (2017)

The dependence of resonator length on the threshold power and emission wavelength of electron-beam-pumped UV-A edge-type emitting lasers is demonstrated. The lowest pump power thresholds are achieved for 100-200 μm long resonators, where there is good overlap of the focused e-beam spot with the resonator cavity. For longer resonator lengths the focused circular e-beam spot excites only a segment of the resonator cavity, yet lasing is observed. Absorption of the e-beam generated photons in the un-pumped sections of the resonator results in increased absorption losses and, consequently, higher laser thresholds. In addition, a significant wavelength shift from 375 nm for the 50 μm resonators to 385 nm for the 600 μm resonators is observed due to absorption of the higher energy photons and re-emission at longer wavelengths in the un-pumped sections.
Adaptive Quantization of Model Updates for Communication-Efficient\n Federated Learning (2021)

Communication of model updates between client nodes and the central\naggregating server is a major bottleneck in federated learning, especially in\nbandwidth-limited settings and high-dimensional models. Gradient quantization\nis an effective way of reducing the number of bits required to communicate each\nmodel update, albeit at the cost of having a higher error floor due to the\nhigher variance of the stochastic gradients. In this work, we propose an\nadaptive quantization strategy called AdaQuantFL that aims to achieve\ncommunication efficiency as well as a low error floor by changing the number of\nquantization levels during the course of training. Experiments on training deep\nneural networks show that our method can converge in much fewer communicated\nbits as compared to fixed quantization level setups, with little or no impact\non training and test accuracy.\n
Abstract LB-155: Identification of a DNA methylation signature in liquid biopsy for early non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) diagnosis (2016)

Abstract Introduction: Lung cancer is the leading cause worldwide, mainly due to late diagnosis. The aim of this work was to identify a panel of epigenetic biomarkers for improving early diagnosis of lung cancer patients using minimally and non-invasive biological fluids. Patients and Methods: DNA hypermethylated biomarkers were identified performing a Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis (Infinium 450K array) in Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) primary tumors from two different public databases (Discovery cohorts): CURELUNG FP7 Consortium (237 stage I NSCLC, 25 non-tumoral lung samples) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA; 350 stage I NSCLC, 62 non-tumoral lung samples). DNA methylation levels of selected candidates were analyzed by pyrosequencing in non- or minimally invasive samples from three independent cohorts of stage I NSCLC patients and non-tumoral controls (Validation cohorts): bronchoalveolar aspirates (82 NSCLC; 29 controls), bronchoalveolar lavages (51 NSCLC; 29 controls) and sputum (72 NSCLC; 26 controls). Combined Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was obtained to evaluate the diagnostic utility of the epigenetic signature. Results: We identified a panel of 4 cancer-specific genes (BCAT1, CDO1, TRIM58 and ZNF177) with CpG island hypermethylation-associated silencing in early stage NSCLC primary tumors. All these genes presented significantly higher mean levels of%methylation (M) in NSCLC primary tumors respect to non-tumoral controls: BCAT1 (NSCLC: M&amp;gt;50%; Controls: M&amp;lt;20%), CDO1 (NSCLC: M&amp;gt;40%; Controls: M&amp;lt;10%), TRIM58 (NSCLC: M&amp;gt;50%; Controls: M&amp;lt;20%) and ZNF177 (NSCLC: M&amp;gt;40%; Controls : M&amp;lt;20%). Importantly, the diagnostic utility of the combination of this 4-gene panel signature was validated in liquid biopsy, showing a very high diagnostic accuracy with areas under the ROC curve (AUC) close to the maximum value: bronchoalveolar aspirates (AUC = 0.91; 95% CI [0.83, 0.98]; p &amp;lt; 0.001), bronchoalveolar lavages (AUC = 0.85; 95% CI [0.78, 0.93]; p &amp;lt; 0.001) and sputum (AUC = 0.93; 95% CI [0.86, 1.0]; p &amp;lt; 0.001). Conclusions: The herein identified DNA methylation signature could improve, in combination with current diagnostic protocols, the early diagnosis and outcome of NSCLC patients. The high diagnostic accuracy of this signature obtained in liquid biopsy offers a minimally invasive and easy accessible tool for early lung cancer diagnosis. Citation Format: A Diaz-Lagares, J Mendez-Gonzalez, D Hervas, M Saigi, MJ Pajares, D Garcia, AB Crujeiras, R Lopez-Lopez, R Pio, LM Montuenga, JJ Zulueta, E Nadal, A Rosell, M Esteller, J Sandoval. Identification of a DNA methylation signature in liquid biopsy for early non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) diagnosis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-155.
Neocortical Correlates of Vibrotactile Detection in Humans (2012)

This study examined the cortical representation of vibrotactile detection in humans using event-related fMRI paired with psychophysics. Suprathreshold vibrotactile stimulation activated several areas, including primary (SI) and second somatosensory cortices (SII/PV). For threshold-level stimuli, poststimulus activity in contralateral and ipsilateral SII/PV was the best correlate of detection success. In these areas, evoked signals on hit trials were significantly greater than on missed trials in all participants, and the relative activity level across stimulation amplitudes matched perceptual performance. Activity in the anterior insula and superior temporal gyrus also correlated with hits and misses, suggesting that a "ventral stream" of somatosensory representations may play a crucial role in detection. In contrast, poststimulus activity in Area SI was not well correlated with perception and showed an overall negative response profile for threshold-level stimulation. A different correlate of detection success was, however, observed in SI. Activity in this representation immediately before stimulus onset predicted performance, a finding that was unique to SI. These findings emphasize the potential role of SII/PV in detection, the importance of state dynamics in SI for perception, and the possibility that changes in the temporal and spatial pattern of SI activity may be essential to the optimal representation of threshold-level stimuli for detection.
Invertible nonlinear parametric functions for systems identification and control (1998)

In the field of data-based control system design, nonlinear parametric functions play a key role, in fitting sets of measured data. In many cases, one of the constraints one may wish to impose on the estimated function is the invertibility with respect to one input, a constraint typically hard to handle rigorously with the currently available universal approximators. In this paper, a new class of parametric nonlinear functions, named piecewise multi-parabolic (PMP) functions, is presented. PMP functions can be considered a special class of quadratic splines (or – to some extent — a class of Takagi–Sugeno models with triangular membership functions), the main feature of which is the way they are parametrized. Thanks to such a parametrization, imposing distributed constraints on their first (and second) derivatives, and, in particular, an invertibility constraint, is shown to be easy and computationally efficient. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A layout for sparse cube-connected-cycles network (2011)

In the Network-On-Chip context, a number of computational units are connected to each other via a network. The computational units act as sources and sinks of messages that the units send to each other to implement some distributed computational functionality.