gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pathogenesis of Hepatic Tumors following Gene Therapy in Murine and Canine Models of Glycogen Storage Disease (2019)

Glycogen storage disease type Ia (GSD Ia) is caused by mutations in the glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) catalytic subunit gene (<i>G6PC</i>). GSD Ia complications include hepatocellular adenomas (HCA) with a risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) formation. Genome editing with adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors containing a zinc-finger nuclease (ZFN) and a <i>G6PC</i> donor transgene was evaluated in adult mice with GSD Ia. Although mouse livers expressed G6Pase, HCA and HCC occurred following AAV vector administration. Interestingly, vector genomes were almost undetectable in the tumors but remained relatively high in adjacent liver (p < 0.01). G6Pase activity was decreased in tumors, in comparison with adjacent liver (p < 0.01). Furthermore, AAV-G6Pase vector-treated dogs with GSD Ia developed HCC with lower G6Pase activity (p < 0.01) in comparison with adjacent liver. AAV integration and tumor marker analysis in mice revealed that tumors arose from the underlying disorder, not from vector administration. Similarly to human GSD Ia-related HCA and HCC, mouse and dog tumors did not express elevated α-fetoprotein. Taken together, these results suggest that AAV-mediated gene therapy not only corrects hepatic G6Pase deficiency, but also has potential to suppress HCA and HCC in the GSD Ia liver.
All‐Oxide Thin Film Transistors and Rectifiers Enabling On‐Chip Capacitive Energy Storage (2019)

Abstract All‐oxide, fully‐transparent thin film transistors and rectifiers, processed entirely by atomic layer deposition, have been developed for on‐chip capacitive energy storage. Fully depleted thin film transistor (TFT) operation is achieved by optimizing the carrier concentration in the ZnO channels. The TFTs show an average saturation mobility of 10.5 cm 2 V −1 s −1 , a stable positive turn‐on voltage of 0.88 V, a low subthreshold swing of 0.162 V dec −1 , and the entire device achieves an overall transmittance of 85%. The field‐effect rectifiers (FER) are fabricated based on short‐circuiting the gate and drain electrodes of the TFT structure. Rectification ratio of 3.5 × 10 6 is achieved in DC measurements. Under AC input, the rectifiers can steadily operate at an input frequency up to 10 MHz and amplitude (peak to peak) up to 20 V. The rectifier can be used for signal processing applications with frequency up to 1 MHz. The energy storage utility of the rectifiers is demonstrated by rectifying AC input signals and successfully charging home‐made electrochemical on‐chip microsupercapacitors. The results demonstrate that integrated, all‐oxide thin film rectifiers can be used for on‐chip capacitive energy storage.
Surface-enhanced second-harmonic diffraction: Experimental investigation of selective enhancement (1996)

Recent theoretical predictions demonstrating large enhancements of second-harmonic diffraction through the control of surface harmonic composition when the surface-plasmon polariton (SPP) is excited on a corrugated silver surface have been investigated experimentally for the specular order. Interpretation of the mechanism of enhancement in terms of a three-step selective scattering process involving only two spatial harmonics has been found to be justified. Fourier blaze holography, which permits the phase- and amplitude-controlled superposition of multiple harmonics in photoresist, has been used to fabricate the nanostructured, biperiodic gratings. Surfaces have been characterized by atomic force microscopy and Heitmann's method. As predicted, surfaces with optimized spatial frequency composition equal or exceed randomly rough surfaces in the enhancement of second-harmonic reflection relative to a flat silver surface. Enhancement produced by simultaneous excitation of counterpropagating SPP modes at the pump and second-harmonic frequencies has also been detected by varying grating wave vector to tune through a double resonance condition. Factors affecting the quantitative agreement between enhancement measurements and theoretical predictions are briefly discussed. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Temperature Dependence of Chain Conformations and Fibril Formation in Solutions of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-Grafted Methylcellulose (2022)

As a water-soluble cellulose ether, methylcellulose (MC) is used in a variety of applications that take advantage of its thermoreversible gelation. Recent work has shown that MC gelation is due to the formation of nanofibrils with a relatively uniform diameter (ca. 15 nm) and that gelation and fibril formation can be suppressed through the addition of low-molecular-weight poly(ethylene glycol) as grafts along the backbone. In this work, we modify MC similarly with thiol-terminated poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm, Mw ≈ 3 kg/mol) using thiol–ene click chemistry and investigate the resulting influence on aqueous MC solution properties. From static and dynamic light scattering, it is apparent that the coil dimensions increase with grafting density (up to 0.11 grafts/anhydroglucose repeat unit), which leads to an increase in the persistence length inferred from the Kratky–Porod wormlike chain model. The data are consistent with a model based on the incorporation of graft–graft and graft–backbone excluded volume interactions. Interestingly, grafting PNIPAm leads to an increase in the theta temperature, even though PNIPAm typically has a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) that is lower than bare MC. Small-angle X-ray scattering and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy reveal that fibril formation still occurs at high temperature for the grafted chains.
Smart-cut layer transfer of single-crystal SiC using spin-on-glass (2012)

The authors demonstrate “smart-cut”-type layer transfer of single-crystal silicon carbide (SiC) by using spin-on-glass (SoG) as an adhesion layer. Using SoG as an adhesion layer is desirable because it can planarize the surface, facilitate an initial low temperature bond, and withstand the thermal stresses at high temperature where layer splitting occurs (800–900 °C). With SoG, the bonding of wafers with a relatively large surface roughness of 7.5–12.5 Å rms can be achieved. This compares favorably to direct (fusion) wafer bonding, which usually requires extremely low roughness (&amp;lt;2 Å rms), typically achieved using chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) after implantation. The higher roughness tolerance of the SoG layer transfer removes the need for the CMP step, making the process more reliable and affordable for expensive materials like SiC. To demonstrate the reliability of the smart-cut layer transfer using SoG, we successfully fabricated a number of suspended MEMS structures using this technology.
An Integrated Performance Modeling System (2004)

An integrated performance modeling system is presented for use in general decision making problems including engineering design, manufacturing process and quality control, and other applications. The system relies on a function matrix that relates decision variables to performance variables. The system utilizes both global and local linearization of non-linear functions, after which the Extensive Simplex Method is used to derive the set of all feasible decisions based upon the specification limits for the performance variables and the control limits on the decision variables. Beyond current Six Sigma best practices, the described system explicitly considers both modeling uncertainty and uncontrolled variation. The specification limits may be automatically tightened by the confidence intervals and variation limits to ensure feasibility to a desired level of confidence and robustness. Three sets of feasible decisions are established including 1) the global feasible set that establishes the extreme limits of feasibility by allowing all the decision variables to vary simultaneously within their range of the control limits, 2) the local feasibility, which shows the immediate feasibility for each decision variable holding other decision variables at their current value, and 3) the controllable feasibility for each performance variable holding other performance variables at their current value. The system provides a perspective view of 1) the function matrix, 2) a historical view of the decision variables which may be used in a manner similar to statistical process control X-Bar charts, 3) a historical view of the performance variables which may be used in a manner similar to statistical quality control charts, 4) a set of decision windows showing the joint feasibility of all pairs of decision variables, which may be used in a manner similar to process windows, and 5) a set of performance windows showing the joint feasibility of all pairs of performance variables, which may be used in a manner similar to Pareto Optimal graphs. An example is provided for a beam design model with four decision variables and three performance variables.
Reconversion of higher-order-mode (HOM) output from cladding-pumped hybrid Yb:HOM fiber amplifier (2019)

We demonstrate operation of a cladding-pumped hybrid ytterbium-doped HOM fiber amplifier and reconversion of the HOM output to Gaussian-like beam by using an axicon based reconversion system. The amplifier was constructed by concatenating single-mode and HOM ytterbium-doped double clad fibers, and was excited by a common multimode pump source. A continuous wave (cw) input signal of 97mW was amplified to 100W at the amplifier output, which yielded a gain of more than 30dB. The LP<sub>0,10</sub> output of the HOM amplifier could be converted to a Gaussian-like beam with 67% conversion efficiency. We present, both analytically and numerically, the effects of scaling the beam size on axicon's apex angle, and how shape imperfections affect the mode converter's performance.
Excitation and deexcitation of the Si-H stretching mode in a Si:H with picosecond free electron laser pulses (1995)

Hydrogen in amorphous and crystalline silicon has been the topic of intense theoretical and experimental investigations for more than one decade. To better understand how the Si-H bonds interact with the Si matrix and how they can be broken, it would be useful to excite selectively these bonds and monitor the energy flow from the Si-H bonds into the bulk Si modes. One attractive way of exciting the Si-H modes selectively is with an infrared laser tuned to a Si-H vibrational mode. Unfortunately, up to now, this type of experiment had not been possible because of the lack of a laser producing intense, ultrashort pulses that are tunable in the mid infrared. In this presentation, we report the first measurement where a 1 picosecond long laser pulse was used to excite the Si-H stretching modes near 2000 cm{sup -1} and another identical laser pulse was used to measure the deexcitation from that specific vibrational mode. The laser was the Stanford free electron laser generating {approximately}1 ps-long pulses, tunable in the 5 {mu}m region and focussed to an intensity of {approximately}1 GW/cm{sup 2}. The pump-probe measurements were performed in transmission at room temperature on several 2 {mu}m thick a-Si:H films deposited on c-Si. Samples with predominant Si-H{sub 1} modes, predominant Si-H{sub n>1} modes and with a mixture of modes were prepared. The laser was tuned on resonance with either of these modes. Immediately after excitation, we observe a bleaching of the infrared absorption, which can be attributed to excitation of the Si-H mode. Beaching is expected since, as a result of anharmonicity, the detuning between the (E{sub 3} - E{sub 2}) resonance and the (E{sub 2} - E{sub 1}) resonance is larger than the laser bandwidth. Note that despite the anharmonicity, it should be possible to climb the vibrational ladder due to power broadening.
Cyclopropanamine Compounds and Use Thereof (2015)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVPatent HighlightNEXTCyclopropanamine Compounds and Use ThereofBenjamin Blass*View Author Information Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States*Tel: 215-707-1085. E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 2016, 7, 1, 10–11Publication Date (Web):December 1, 2015Publication History Received30 October 2015Published online1 December 2015Published inissue 14 January 2016https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5b00422https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5b00422editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2015 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1243Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (238 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Genetics,Hydrocarbons,Inhibition,Peptides and proteins,Solutions Get e-Alerts
A comparison of catecholamine-induced internalization of beta-adrenergic receptors and receptor-mediated endocytosis of epidermal growth factor in human astrocytoma cells. Inhibition by phenylarsine oxide. (1985)

The ligand-induced internalization of beta-adrenergic receptors and the receptor-mediated internalization of epidermal growth factor were blocked, under similar conditions, by phenylarsine oxide (PAO) in human astrocytoma cells (1321N1). The inhibition was not prevented or reversed by monofunctional sulfhydryl agents such as 2-mercaptoethanol or glutathione; however, the inhibitory action of PAO was blocked and reversed by bifunctional thiols such as 2,3-dimercaptoethanol or dithiothreitol. The results are consistent with the interaction of PAO with vicinal sulfhydryl groups to form a stabile ring structure. PAO did not prevent isoproterenol-induced uncoupling (desensitization) of beta-adrenergic receptors even though receptor internalization was completely blocked. The effects of PAO on receptor internalization could not be explained by any action of the trivalent arsenical to lower ATP levels. Ligand binding to both receptors was not detectably altered by PAO under conditions selective for inhibition for endocytosis. The results suggest a common mechanism for internalization of beta-adrenergic receptors and epidermal growth factor by a process that involves vicinal sulfhydryl groups.
To Cryo or Not to Cryo? A Consideration of Length Scales During Macromolecule Sample Preparation (2021)

Advances in cryo-transmission electron microscopy (TEM), particularly hardware such as direct electron detectors and software such as reconstruction algorithms and sparse collection methods, have begun to address the challenges inherent in biological imaging: low contrast and susceptibility to beam damage However, Cryo-EM is not without its drawbacks; it is low-throughput compared to other imaging methods, prone to radiolytic damage from inelastic scattering, and requires potentially prohibitive expertise and equipment. Proteins and protein assemblies represent a variety of length scales, and the construct size and imaging requirements may make room temperature preparation a viable alternative. This paper will examine the decision "to cryo or not to cryo", particularly for imaging the architecture of assembled proteins. We will describe the decision flow based on a number of factors, exemplified through a protein construct known as a "megamolecule" that undergoes a conformational change when exposed to an external stimulus
Enhancing the Performance of Handset Antennas by Means of Groundplane Design (2006)

Peer Reviewed
Stimulation of T cells through the CD3/T-cell receptor complex: role of cytoplasmic calcium, protein kinase C translocation, and phosphorylation of pp60c-src in the activation pathway. (1987)

Stimulation of T cells or the Jurkat T-cell line with soluble antibodies to the CD3/T-cell receptor complex causes mobilization of cytoplasmic Ca2+, which is blocked by pertussis toxin but not by ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid, and translocation of protein kinase C activity from the cytoplasm to the membrane. Such stimulation also causes phosphorylation of pp60c-src at an amino-terminal serine residue. These activities are consistent with induction of phosphatidylinositol metabolism after antibody binding. Anti-CD3 stimulation with antibody in solution, however, does not cause Jurkat cells to release interleukin 2 and blocks rather than induces proliferation of T cells. Induction of interleukin 2 production by Jurkat cells and proliferation by normal T cells requires anti-CD3 stimulation with antibody on a solid support, such as Sepharose beads or a plastic dish. Thus, we examined phosphorylation of pp60c-src after stimulation of Jurkat cells with anti-CD3 in solution or on solid phase. Both of these caused serine phosphorylation of pp60c-src that was indistinguishable even after 4 h of stimulation. These results indicate that the mode of anti-CD3 stimulation (in solution or on solid phase) controls a cellular function that modifies the consequences of signal transduction through phosphatidylinositol turnover.
SERvartuka: Dynamic Distribution of State to Improve SIP Server Scalability (2008)

A growing class of applications, including VoIP, IM and presence, are enabled by the session initiation protocol (SIP). Requests in SIP typically traverse through multiple proxies. The availability of multiple proxies offers the flexibility to distribute proxy functionality across several nodes. In particular, after experimentally demonstrating that the resource consumption of maintaining state is significant, we define the problem of state distribution across multiple nodes when the goal is to increase overall call throughput. We first formulate this as an optimization problem and then derive a distributed algorithm from it. This distributed algorithm leads to the design and evaluation of SERvartuka, a more scalable SIP server that dynamically determines the number of SIP requests for which the server is stateful while delegating state maintenance for the remainder of the requests to a server further downstream. This design is in contrast to existing SIP servers that are statically configured to either be stateless or stateful and therefore result in sub-optimal call throughput. We implement SERvartuka on top of OpenSER, a commercial SIP proxy server and measure performance benefits of different server configurations. An example of our results is a 20% percent increase in call throughput when using our algorithm for a configuration of two servers in series.
Nanofiltration (2013)

Nanofiltration (NF) is one of the newest of the pressure driven membrane filtration methods for separation of molecules from liquids. NF has come on the market in part because there has been a trend over the world to be aware of nano-sized particles and their usefulness. In biorefinery applications NF membranes encounter various acidic or alkaline streams at high temperature. Therefore, a membrane having better resistance at extreme conditions is needed. For the design of NF and the simulation of the performance of any given application, two factors are to be considered: water permeation through the membrane, expressed by the water flux, and the retention of solutes. Fouling-resistant membranes are needed and efficient cleaning needs to be developed. The concept of biorefinery includes various types of raw materials and processes to produce value added products and energy. Some biorefineries, where NF is used or investigated, are reviewed in this chapter.
Interference Management inD2D (2020)

Abstract Device‐to‐device (D2D) technology is a promising communication paradigm that enables direct communication between spatially close devices. The D2D technology is very appealing from the standpoint of efficient spatial reuse of resources since it permits to establish communications in networks with higher density of users. Consequently, the introduction of D2D will lead to network performance improvement in terms of spectral and energy efficiency, power consumption, delay reduction, as well as coverage extension. However, implementing D2D technology in 5G networks comes with a set of technical challenges, mainly due to interferences incurred between D2D links and between D2D and cellular users. This article provides a survey of the main interference management frameworks in D2D network in general and underlay D2D communication, in particular. Interference management‐based frameworks can be divided into two main categories: (i) power control and resource management schemes and (ii) advanced physical layer schemes, such as interference cancellation, interference alignment, and multiantenna systems. We provide a brief description of the main studies for the aforementioned categories and discuss the main results.
ChemInform Abstract: Supercritical Biocatalysis (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Evidence gaps for the global problem of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in women and girls of reproductive age (2023)

The symptom of heavy menstrual bleeding and the frequently associated condition of iron deficiency (ID) individually and collectively adversely impact the lives of women and girls of reproductive age in various ways. The insidious but sometimes profound effects of periconceptual ID on the developing fetus may continue throughout the individual's life with consequences that are also felt by families, friends, and society at large. Unfortunately, in most instances, current healthcare policies are not designed to address the plethora of issues in a fashion that will result in meaningful improvement in health and other outcomes that affect both individuals and society. Identification and prioritization of the many evidence gaps will be an essential component of the strategy for change. This article identifies and describes the evidence gaps and provides direction for investigators and those involved in healthcare policy.
Colorectal Cancer Epigenetics: Complex Simplicity (2011)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) has predominantly been considered a genetic disease, characterized by sequential accumulation of genetic alterations. Growing evidence indicates that epigenetic alterations add an additional layer of complexity to the pathogenesis of CRC, and characterize a subgroup of colorectal cancers with a distinct etiology and prognosis. Epigenetic dysregulation in colorectal cancer is organized at multiple levels, involving DNA methylation, histone modifications, nucleosomal occupancy and remodeling, chromatin looping, and noncoding RNAs. Interactions between these processes and complex associations with genetic alterations have recently been unraveled. It appears that CRC epigenetics will be the paradigm for multistep carcinogenesis, as CRC genetics has been for the past three decades. This review integrates recent data on epigenetic regulation of gene expression in CRC and describes how the understanding of these processes will alter the management of CRC.