gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Computation and Crowds: Models for Dynamic Ridesharing (2009)

We develop and test computational methods for guiding collaboration that demonstrate how shared plans can be created in real-world settings, where agents can be expected to have diverse and varying goals, preferences, and availabilities. The methods are motivated and evaluated in the realm of ridesharing, using GPS logs of commuting data. We consider challenges with coordination among self-interested people aimed at minimizing the cost of transportation and the impact of travel on the environment. We present planning, optimization, and payment mechanisms that provide fair and efﬁcient solutions to the rideshare collaboration challenge. We evaluate different VCG-based payment schemes in terms of their computational efﬁciency, budget balance, incentive compatibility, and strategy proofness. We present the behavior and analyses provided by the ABC ridesharing prototype system. The system learns about destinations and preferences from GPS traces and calendars, and considers time, fuel, environmental, and cognitive costs. We review how ABC generates rideshare plans from hundreds of real-life GPS traces collected from a community of commuters and reﬂect about the promise of employing the ABC methods to reduce the number of vehicles on the road, thus reducing CO2 emissions and fuel expenditures.
Synthesis and Characterization of Linear Boron−Silicon−Diacetylene Copolymers (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTSynthesis and Characterization of Linear Boron−Silicon−Diacetylene CopolymersRaj A. Sundar and Teddy M. KellerView Author Information Materials Chemistry Branch, Code 6127, Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375-5320 Cite this: Macromolecules 1996, 29, 10, 3647–3650Publication Date (Web):May 6, 1996Publication History Received29 September 1995Revised13 February 1996Published online6 May 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma951476jhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma951476jbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views309Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Absorption,Boron,Copolymers,Materials,Thermogravimetric analysis Get e-Alerts
Elemental vs. phase composition of breast calcifications (2017)

Despite the importance of calcifications in early detection of breast cancer, and their suggested role in modulating breast cancer cell behaviour, very little detail is known about their chemical composition or how this relates to pathology. We measured the elemental composition of calcifications contained within histological sections of breast tissue biopsies, and related this to both crystallographic parameters measured previously in the same specimens, and to the histopathology report. The Ca:P ratio is of particular interest since this theoretically has potential as a non-invasive aid to diagnosis; this was found to lie in a narrow range similar to bone, with no significant difference between benign and malignant. The Mg:Ca ratio is also of interest due to the observed association of magnesium whitlockite with malignancy. The initially surprising inverse correlation found between whitlockite fraction and magnesium concentration can be explained by the location of the magnesium in calcified tissue. Sodium was also measured, and we discovered a substantial and significant difference in Na:Ca ratio in the apatite phase between benign and malignant specimens. This has potential for revealing malignant changes in the vicinity of a core needle biopsy.
Table S1 from Modulation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Controls CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cell Activation and Antitumor Function (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Comparison of the numbers and percentages of CD4 and CD8 T cells in the spleens and mesenteric lymph nodes of wild-type and gp96-KO mice.&lt;/p&gt;
Development of the empirical orthogonal functions-based algorithm for the retrievals of atmospheric CO2 total column amount from space-borne observations of reflected sunlight (2018)

We present further development of the empirical orthogonal functions (EOF)-based retrieval algorithm. The algorithm output is a regression formula that relates principal components of the reflected sunlight spectra with CO2 total column amount. The algorithm was implemented and tested for the observations from the Japanese satellite Greenhouse gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT). Training of the EOF-based algorithm with the collocated ground-based and space-borne data (e.g., Total Carbon Column Observing Network and GOSAT observations, respectively) was shown to impose some errors that were interpreted as a result of implicit averaging over the collocation area. Alternative training with the small subset (∼5 % to 10%) of the full-physics algorithm is free of such errors; however, this option requires additional filtering of the space-borne observations that are strongly affected by atmospheric light scattering. This filtering was implemented by the comparison of the EOF-regression estimates of surface pressure with corresponding meteorological data.
Inhibitory activity of Bacillus: from genomic potential to effective probiotic activity in the gastrointestinal tract of broilers (2017)

International audience
3,3′‐Bicarbazole‐Based Host Materials for High‐Efficiency Blue Phosphorescent OLEDs with Extremely Low Driving Voltage (2012)

Four types of functionalized 3,3'-bicarbazole derivatives are prepared and investigated as a host material for blue phosphorescent OLEDs. By using a 3,3'-bicarbazole derivative/FIrpic film as an emissive layer, high power efficiency of 46 lm W(-1) (45 cd A(-1), EQE 20%) with an extremely low driving voltage at 3.1 V is obtained at 100 cd m(-2).
A Convenient Synthesis of 4‐Aminoaryl Substituted Cyclic Imides. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF INTRAVENOUS IODINATED CONTRAST MEDIA IN ITALY – ERRATUM (2014)

The affiliation listed for author Sergio Iannazzo for the article “Economic Evaluation of Intravenous Iodinated Contrast Media in Italy” was incorrect. The study and writeup were completed while Sergio Iannazzo was an IMS Health employee, and the author's correct affiliation for this paper is “IMS Health Italy.” The publisher regrets the error.
Overcoming endocrine resistance due to reduced PTEN levels in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer by co-targeting mammalian target of rapamycin, protein kinase B, or mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (2014)

Moderate reduction in PTEN, without complete loss, can activate the PI3K pathway to cause endocrine resistance in ER-positive breast cancer, which can be overcome by combining endocrine therapy with inhibitors of the PI3K pathway. Our data suggests that the ER degrader fulvestrant, to block both ligand-dependent and -independent ER signaling, combined with an AKT inhibitor is an effective strategy to test in patients.
Automatic estimation of knee effusion from limited MRI data (2022)

Knee effusion is a common comorbidity in osteoarthritis. To quantify the amount of effusion, semi quantitative assessment scales have been developed that classify fluid levels on an integer scale from 0 to 3. In this work, we investigated the use of a neural network (NN) that used MRI Osteoarthritis Knee Scores effusion-synovitis (MOAKS-ES) values to distinguish physiologic fluid levels from higher fluid levels in MR images of the knee. We evaluate its effectiveness on low-resolution images to examine its potential in low-field, low-cost MRI. We created a dense NN (dNN) for detecting effusion, defined as a nonzero MOAKS-ES score, from MRI scans. Both the training and performance evaluation of the network were conducted using public radiological data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI). The model was trained using sagittal turbo-spin-echo (TSE) MR images from 1628 knees. The accuracy was compared to VGG16, a commonly used convolutional classification network. Robustness of the dNN was assessed by adding zero-mean Gaussian noise to the test images with a standard deviation of 5-30% of the maximum test data intensity. Also, inference was performed on a test data set of 163 knees, which includes a smaller test set of 36 knees that was also assessed by a musculoskeletal radiologist and the performance of the dNN and the radiologist compared. For the larger test data set, the dNN performed with an average accuracy of 62%. In addition, the network proved robust to noise, classifying the noisy images with minimal degradation to accuracy. When given MRI scans with 5% Gaussian noise, the network performed similarly, with an average accuracy of 61%. For the smaller 36-knee test data set, assessed both by the dNN and by a radiologist, the network performed better than the radiologist on average. Classifying knee effusion from low-resolution images with a similar accuracy as a human radiologist using neural networks is feasible, suggesting automatic assessment of images from low-cost, low-field scanners as a potentially useful assessment tool.
Gait asymmetry detection in older adults using a light ear-worn sensor (2014)

Measuring gait asymmetry is an important feature when characterizing functional imbalance between limbs. This could be due to pathologies, such as osteoarthritis, stroke, or associated with the effects of surgeries such as hip arthroplasty. Generally, the study of asymmetry or imbalance has required the use of a gait lab or force plates, which could be expensive and difficult to use in home settings. This work validates the use of a light weight ear sensor (7.4 g) with an instrumented treadmill for 64 subjects (age (60.04 (15.36)) including healthy subjects (14) as well as subjects who had been treated for hip (17), knee-replacement surgery (21) and knee osteoarthritis (12). Subjects performed treadmill walking at several speeds on flat surfaces, inclines and declines. Accelerometer data from the ear sensor were segmented into consecutive steps and temporal features were extracted. The measures of gait cycle time and step-period asymmetry obtained from the ear sensor matched well those of the treadmill for flat surfaces, inclines and declines. The key implication of the study is that the proposed method could replace expensive equipment for monitoring temporal gait features in clinics as well as free-living environments, which is important for monitoring rehabilitation after surgery and the progress of diseases affecting limb imbalance.
Novel Method for l-Methionine Production Catalyzed by the Aminotransferase ARO8 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2018)

The aminotransferase ARO8 was proved to play an efficient role in conversion of l-methionine into methionol via the Ehrlich pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae in our previous work. In this work, the reversible transamination activity of ARO8 for conversion of α-keto-γ-(methylthio) butyric acid (KMBA) into l-methionine was confirmed in vitro. ARO8 was cloned from S. cerevisiae S288c and overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21. A 2-fold higher aminotransferase activity was detected in the recombinant strain ARO8-BL21, and ARO8 was detected in the supernatant of ARO8-BL21 lysate with IPTG induction by SDS-PAGE analysis. The recombinant ARO8 was then purified and used for transforming KMBA into l-methionine. An approximately 100% conversion rate of KMBA into l-methionine was achieved by optimized enzymatic reaction catalyzed by ARO8. This work fulfilled l-methionine biosynthesis catalyzed by the aminotransferase ARO8 using glutamate and KMBA, which provided a novel method for l-methionine production by enzymatic catalysis with the potential application prospect in industry.
Topological Flow Structures of Annular Swirling Jets (2001)

Abstract The effects of blockage and swirl on the macro flow structures of the annular jet past a circular disc are experimentally studied through the time-averaged streamline patterns. In the blockage-effect regime, the flows present multiple modes, single bubble, dual rings, vortex breakdown , and triple rings , in different regimes of blockage ratio and swirl number. The topological models of the flow structures are proposed and discussed according to the measured flow fields to manifest the complex flow structures. The single bubble is a closed recirculation bubble with a stagnation point on the central axis. The dual-ring flow is an open-top recirculsation zone, in which a pair of counter-rotating vortex rings exists in the near wake. The fluids in the dual rings are expelled downstream through a central jet-like swirling flow. A vortex breakdown may occur in the central jet-like swirling flow if the exit swirl number exceeds critical values. When the vortex breakdown interacts with the dual rings, a complex triple-ring flow structure forms. Axial distributions of the local swirl number are presented and discussed. The local swirl number increases with the increase of the exit swirl number and attains the maximum in the dual-ring mode. At large exit swirl numbers where the vortex breakdown occurs, the local swirl number decreases drastically to a low value.
RNA Detection in Live Bacterial Cells Using Fluorescent Protein Complementation Triggered by Interaction of Two RNA Aptamers with Two RNA-Binding Peptides (2011)

Many genetic and infectious diseases can be targeted at the RNA level as RNA is more accessible than DNA. We seek to develop new approaches for detection and tracking RNA in live cells, which is necessary for RNA-based diagnostics and therapy. We recently described a method for RNA visualization in live bacterial cells based on fluorescent protein complementation [1-3]. The RNA is tagged with an RNA aptamer that binds an RNA-binding protein with high affinity. This RNA-binding protein is expressed as two split fragments fused to the fragments of a split fluorescent protein. In the presence of RNA the fragments of the RNA-binding protein bind the aptamer and bring together the fragments of the fluorescent protein, which results in its re-assembly and fluorescence development [1-3]. Here we describe a new version of the RNA labeling method where fluorescent protein complementation is triggered by paired interactions of two different closely-positioned RNA aptamers with two different RNA-binding viral peptides. The new method, which has been developed in bacteria as a model system, uses a smaller ribonucleoprotein complementation complex, as compared with the method using split RNA-binding protein, and it can potentially be applied to a broad variety of RNA targets in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. We also describe experiments exploring background fluorescence in these RNA detection systems and conditions that improve the signal-to-background ratio.
SHG in photonic band gap semiconductor structure (2002)

Summary form only given. Photonic band gap's (PBG's) are layered structures showing strong transmission or reflection resonances, the most interesting of which are located near the band gap edge, where an enhancement of the electromagnetic density of modes (DOM) make these devices extremely promising for both linear and nonlinear optical applications. Recently the use of such PBG's was suggested in order to increase the efficiency of second harmonic generating devices, via the increase of fundamental (F) and second harmonic (SH) DOM's and a significant change on the effective refraction index at F and SH, that could be exploited to meet the phase-matching condition. In order to demonstrate this properties a semiconductor PBG was designed and fabricated. The PBG is a Bragg mirror structure growth by MOVPE. The 30 period alternating layers are high/low second order nonlinear materials, namely GaAlAs-GaAlAs.
Solid-State NMR Study of Amyloid Nanocrystals and Fibrils Formed by the Peptide GNNQQNY from Yeast Prion Protein Sup35p (2007)

Sup35p is a prion protein found in yeast that contains a prion-forming domain characterized by a repetitive sequence rich in Gln, Asn, Tyr, and Gly amino acid residues. The peptide GNNQQNY7-13 is one of the shortest segments of this domain found to form amyloid fibrils, in a fashion similar to the protein itself. Upon dissolution in water, GNNQQNY displays a concentration-dependent polymorphism, forming monoclinic and orthorhombic crystals at low concentrations and amyloid fibrils at higher concentrations. We prepared nanocrystals of both space groups as well as fibril samples that reproducibly contain three (coexisting) structural forms and examined the specimens with magic angle spinning (MAS) solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. 13C and 15N MAS spectra of both nanocrystals and fibrils reveal narrow resonances indicative of a high level of microscopic sample homogeneity that permitted resonance assignments of all five species. We observed variations in chemical shift among the three dominant forms of the fibrils which were indicated by the presence of three distinct, self-consistent sets of correlated NMR signals. Similarly, the monoclinic and orthorhombic crystals exhibit chemical shifts that differ from one another and from the fibrils. Collectively, the chemical shift data suggest that the peptide assumes five conformations in the crystals and fibrils that differ from one another in subtle but distinct ways. This includes variations in the mobility of the aromatic Tyr ring. The data also suggest that various structures assumed by the peptide may be correlated to the "steric zipper" observed in the monoclinic crystals.
Novel Inhibitors Of CRM1/XPO1 Nuclear Exporter Exhibit Striking Activity Against AML “primagrafts,” Including AML Leukemia Initiating Cells, While Sparing Normal Hematopoietic Cells (2013)

Abstract Current treatments for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) often fail to induce long-term remissions and are also toxic to normal tissues, prompting the need to develop new targeted therapies. One attractive cellular pathway with therapeutic potential is nuclear export, which is mediated in part by nuclear exporter CRM1/XPO1. XPO1 mediates the transport of ∼220 proteins and several mRNAs and is the sole nuclear exporter of the major tumor suppressor and growth regulatory proteins p53, p73, FOXO, IkB/NF-kB, Rb, p21, and NPM. Our findings demonstrate that novel irreversible inhibitors of XPO1, termed Selective Inhibitors of Nuclear Export, or SINE, induce rapid apoptosis in 12 AML and 14 T-ALL cell lines with IC50s of 15-474 nM. In the SINE-sensitive cell lines, BCL2 overexpression suppresses SINE-induced apoptosis, indicating its intrinsic pathway mediation. Oral administration of clinical XPO1 inhibitor, Selinexor (KPT-330), at 15 or 25 mg/kg, induced remarkable growth suppression in MV4-11 human AML cells and MOLT-4 human T-ALL cells engrafted in immunodeficient NSG mice with negligible toxicity to normal mouse hematopoietic cells after 35 days of treatment. Bone marrow biopsies of selinexor - treated mice were remarkable in that they showed normal hematopoietic cell morphology and cellularity after 35 days of treatment. Significant survival benefit was observed in mice treated with selinexor, compared to vehicle-treated mice. Selinexor is now in Phase 1 clinical trial in patients with AML and other hematological malignancies (NCT01607892). Recently, we have established primagraft models of AML, using primary leukemia blasts isolated from AML patients at diagnosis transplanted into immunocompromised NSG mice. We demonstrated that selinexor exhibits striking anti-leukemic activity against different subtypes of primary AML, including AML-M4; FLT3-ITD and complex karyotype subtypes of the disease. To determine whether selinexor targets leukemia-initiating cells (LICs) of primary AML, we re-transplanted serial dilutions of human CD45+ cells isolated from leukemic mice treated with either vehicle or selinexor. The preliminary results of our re-population assays indicate that selinexor greatly diminished LIC frequency in AML-M4; FLT3-ITD AML (∼6 fold) and complex karyotype disease (∼100 fold). These findings demonstrate that selinexor may represent a novel targeted therapy for the treatment of AML, which spares normal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Disclosures: McCauley: Karyopharm Therapeutics Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership, Patents &amp; Royalties. Kauffman:Karyopharm Therapeutics Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Patents &amp; Royalties. Shacham:Karyopharm Therapeutics Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Patents &amp; Royalties.
Erratum: ?A solid-phase epitaxy with clean surface formation using SiH4 and evaluation of SOI layer? volume 79, number 12, 1996, pages 71-78 (1997)

It has been brought to the attention of the publisher that an error appeared in the citation of the original Japanese publication of the above article. It should read as follows: Translated from Denshi Joho Tsushin Gakkai Ronbunshi Vol. 79-C-II, No. 10, October 1996, pp. 507–513. We apologize for any inconvenience this may have caused the authors.
Catalytic hydrogenation of organic compounds in liquid hydrogen fluoride (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalytic hydrogenation of organic compounds in liquid hydrogen fluorideAndrew E. FeiringCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1977, 42, 20, 3255–3260Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00440a012https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00440a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views78Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of (20S)-2α,3α-Dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-oxa-7a-homo-5α-pregnane-20-carboxylic Acid as a Brassinosteroid Part of Ligands for Binding to Affinity Chromatography Carriers (2000)

(20 S )-2α,3α-Dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-oxa-7a-homo-5α-pregnane-20-carboxylic acid ( 12 ) as a brassinosteroid ligand for affinity chromatography carriers was synthesized from bisnorcholenic acid. The brassinolide activity in the bean second internode bioassay of the synthesized (20 S )-5α-pregnane-20-carboxylic acid derivatives is also described.